Wi irk bly errs ‘COMPOSITAE & * NEWSLETTER Number Five September 1977 Tod F. Stuessy, Editor, Department of Botany, Ohio State University, 1735 Neil Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, U.S.A. Financial support of the NEWSLETTER is generously provided by Otto Koeltz Antiquariat, P.O. Box 1360, 624 Koenigstein-Taunus, West Germany EDITORIAL With the conclusion of this number of the NEWSLETTER, I will be handing over the editorship to Mr. Charles Jeffrey of Kew Gardens. I am delighted that Mr. Jeffrey has agreed to help with this task because of his reputation for excellence in plant systematics in general, and also for his studies on Compositae in particular. He is also based at Kew, which will make it even easier to handle the current references on Compositae that are a valuable part of the information in the NEWSLETTER. It is anticipated that Mr. Jeffrey will continue as editor for a few years, at which time the position can be transferred to another editor in a different part of the world. I wish to thank the many contributors to the NEWSLETTER in these early numbers and to indicate appreciation for the support from chemists and systematists alike. Thanks also are due Ms. Mary Malone, of the Department of Botany, Ohio State University, for her skillful typing of these first five issues. ARTICLES ALKALOIDS OF THE COMPOSITAE David J. Robins Department of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ Scotland Within the Compositae, pyrrolizidine alkaloids are restricted to just two of the tribes, the Eupatorieae (5 Eupatorium species) and the Senecioneae (Table 1). Pyrrolizidine alkaloids are composed of a base portion ("necine") esterified either with one or two acids ("necic acids") as in supinine (Fig. la) and echinatine (Fig. 1b). In many cases both LIBRA ‘om bY =a Vent hoe. t HEC 6 hydroxyl groups om the necine are esterified with a dicarboxylic acid to form a macrocyclic dilactone, as in seneciphylline (Fig. 2). The most common necine is retronecine (Fig. 3). The details of the biosynthetic processes involved in the construction of the necines are unknown. Experiments with isotopically labelled compounds have shown that the amino acid ornithine is a precursor of retronecine. A study of the detailed mechanisms of formation of retronecine and other necines is now under way in this laboratory. The variety of necic acid structures encountered in pyrrolizidine alkaloids is much greater than with necines. Most of the acids fall into structural groups containing 5,7 or 10 carbon atoms. Many of these acids are unique amongst natural products in their carbon skeletons and oxygenation patterns. The alkaloid producing genera of the Senecioneae typically manufacture pyrrolizidine alkaloids where the necine diol is esterified with a ten carbon acid with the carbon skeleton as shown in seneciphylline (Fig. 2). By contrast, the acids discovered so far in the five Eupatorium species all contain seven carbon atoms as in supinine (Fig. la) and echinatine (Fig. 1b). This provides a clear distinction between the alkaloids of the Eupatorieae and those of the Senecioneae, where no seven acids have yet been isolated. The necic acids are derived biosynthetically from the common branched chain amino acids. Thus, the ten carbon acids are formed from two molecules of isoleucine, and the vweven carbon acids are bio- synthesised from valine. This research is being carried out by Dr. D.H.G. Crout, Department of Chemistry, University of Exeter, England. Knowledge of the biosynthesis of necine and necic acid parts of the pyrrolizidine alkaloids is a very important factor in relating or grouping together these complex alkaloid structures so that their known distribution may be of taxonomic value. To illustrate the usefulness of chemical data on alkaloids with respect to classification, two recent publications can be cited concerning Arnica and Doronicum species. The position of Arnica in the Senecioneae is under dispute, while Doronicum does appear to have links with other genera of the Senecioneae (Compositae Symposium, Reading,1975). A pyrrolizidine alkaloid, doronine (Fig. 4), has been isolated from Doronicum macrophyllum by Russian workers (Sh. A. Alieva, U.A. Abdullaev, M.V. Telezhenetskaya, and S. Yunusov, Khim. Prir. Soedin., 1976, 194). This alkaloid has a typical necine base, and an acid with the same carbon skeleton as seneciphylline (Fig. 2). This provides some confirmation of the position of Doronicum in the Senecioneae. On the other hand, an entirely different type of alkaloid of the pyrrolidine group (Fig. 5), has recently been characterised from the leaves of Arnica montana L. (M. Holub, J. Poplawski, P. Sedmera, and V. Herout, Coll. Czech. Chem. Commun., 1977, 42, 151). This evidence favours the removal of Arnica from the Senecioneae. From the data in the Table (please forgive any mistakes in classifi- cation), it can be seen that the huge Senecio genus has been quite ex- tensively investigated for pyrrolizidine alkaloids, whereas most of the other genera in the Senecioneae have been comparatively neglected. More chemical data would be of great use chemotaxonomically, particularly e.g. on Doronicum species, and those genera that have not been investi- gated at all for alkaloid content. To this end, an investigation into the occurrence of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in the Compositae has been started in this laboratory. Unfortunately, identification of alkaloid mixtures does require quite a lot of plant material. Alkaloids usually occur to the extent of 0.01 to 0.1% of the dry weight of the plant. Roots, seeds (and perhaps flowers) are the best sources of alkaloids, and 100g>10kg (!) of material is commonly used for extraction of the alkaloids. As chemists, we usually resort to scrounging vouchered material from Botanic Gardens, and then grow this on to provide sufficient material for investigation. This can take a number of years. I would be grateful to hear from anyone who can supply material relevant to this work, or who can make suggestions as to species or genera that should receive attention from chemists. (Aa cHCHs), CH, OCOCOH CHOH CH; (Ia) R=H (lb) CRE “eal ) a CH, CHCE Ho Ch Oo oO Fo) iS CHa (+) Figs. 1=5. oF O ; bot (2 R=OH —-o o Ococh, HO CH,OH ee) (3) rey CON Hy at Co, CH, CH; (Ss) Representative types of pyrrolizidine alkaloids. 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Dahlia dissecta Watson, D. pubescens Watson; Desmanthodium laceolatum Greenm.; Dicoria brandegei Gray; Diodonta bidentoides Nutt.; Dubautia laxa var. blakei Degener & Sherff; Echinacea laevigata Nutt., E. purpurea Gray; Encelia californica Nutt., E. californica var. asperifolia Blake, E. deltoides Rusby, E. glutinosa Rob. & Greenm., E. hypargyraea Rob. & Greenm., E. pringlei Fernald, E. rhombifolia Rob. & Greenm., E. squarrosa Greenm., E. stenophylla Greene; Engelmannia pinnatifida T. & G. ex Nutt.; Eriocoma cuspidata Nutt.; Euprosyne ambrosiaefolia Gray; Franseria acuminata Brandegee, F. bipinnatifida Nutt., F. cordifolia Gray, F. cuneifolia Nutt., F. discolor Nutt., F. divaricata Brandegee, F. magdalenae Brandegee, F. montana Nutt., F. pumila Nutt.; Galinsoga calva calva Rusby; Gymnolomia canescens Rob., G. decumbens Rob., G. patens '§ var. abbreviata Rob. & Greenn., G. porteri Gray, G. rudis i Gray, G. rudis var. minor Gray, G. triloba Gray; Halea ludoviciana T. & G., H. repanda Buckley, H. texana Gray; Harpaecarpus madarioides Nutt.; Hartmannia glomerata Nutt.; Helianthella humilis Heller, H. madrensis Watson, H. mexicana Gray, H. pringlei Gray; Helianthus apetalus | Leconte ex Nutt., H. aristatus Elliott, H. californicus var. utahensis Gray, H. cusickii Gray, H. floridanus Gray ex Chapman, H. heterophyllus Nutt., H. missouriensis Nutt., ex Schweinitz, H. nuttallii T. & G., H. parishii Gray, H. petiolaris Nutt., H. praecox Engelm. & Gray, H. scaberrimus Elliott, H. schweinitzii T. & G., H. tomentosus Elliott, H. truncatus Schweinitz ex Elliott; Heliomeris teuuifolia Gray; Heliopsis filifolia Wats., H. parvifolia Gray; Hemizonia arida Keck, H. decumbens Nutt., H. floridana Gray, H. frutescens Gr. Gray, H. greeneana ssp. peninsularis Moran, H. halliana Keck, H. heermanii Greene, H. hispida Greene, H. pallida Keck, H. paniculata Gray, H. parryi ssp. australis Keck, H. pungens tenuis Parish, H. virgata Gray; Holocarpha obconica ssp. autumnalis Keck; Iostephane heterophylla var.acutiloba Sharp; Iva acuminata Nutt., Il. angustifolia Nutt., I axillaris Pursh, l. dealbata Gray, I. microcephala Nutt., I. oraria Bartlett; Lagophylla dichotoma ssp. minor Keck, L. ramosissima Nutt.; Lantanopsis wrightii Grisb.; Layia chrysanthemoides ssp. maritima Keck, L. jonesii Gray, L. pentachaeta var. albida Keck, L. platyglossa ecotype maritima Keck, L. septentrionalis Keck; Lepachys columnaris T. & G., L. mexicana Wats., L. serratus Buckley; Leptosyne arizonica Gray, L. arizonica var. pubescens Rob. & Fern., L. mexicana Gray, L. pringlei Rob. & Greenm.; Lindheimera mexicana Gray, L. texana Gray; Lipochaeta exigua Degener & Sherff; Linsecomia glauca Buckley; Madariopsis chilensis Nutt.; Madaroglossa angustifolia Nu Nutt., M. hirsuta Nutt.; Madorella dissitiflora Nutt., M. racemosa Nutt.; Marshallia angustifolia Pursh, M. angustifolia alpha a cyananthera Eligiott, M. caespitosa Nutt., “M. lanceolata Pursh; Melampodium bibracteatum Wats., M. brachyglossum Smith, M. glabrum Wats., M. sinuatum Brandegee; Microchaeta integrifolia Nutt., M. lobata Nutt.; Montanoa macrolepis Rob. & Greenm., M. patens Gray, M. subtruncata Gray ex Wats., M. tehuacana Rob.}; Nocca pringlei Rob.; Ogiera ruderalis Gris.; Osmadenia tenella Nutt.; Otopappus acuminatus Nutt., QO. alternifolius Rob.; Parthenice mollis Gray; Parthenium argentatum Gray, P. hispidum Raf., P. lobatum Buckl.; Perymenium globosum Rob., P. macrocephalum Greenm., P. parvifolium Gray, P. tenellum Gray, P. uxoris McVaugh; Polymnia mcevaughii Wells; 13 14 Ptilonella scabra Nutt.3 Raillardia ciliolata var. leptocephala Degener & Sherff, R. coriacea Sherff, R. platyphylla var. leptophylla Degener & Sherff, R. platyphylla var. trillioides Degener & Sherff; Rudbeckia alismaefolia T. & G., R. atrorubens Nutt., R. columnaris Pursh, R. globosa Nutt., R. helopsidis f. villipes Fernald, R. hirta var. corymbifera Fernald, R. maxima Nutt., R. mollis Elliott, R. montana Gray, R. nudicaulis Nutt., R. odorata Nutt., R. pallida Nutt., R. porteri Gray, R. serotina Nutt.; Rumfordia connata Brandegee; Sabazia anomala Greenn., S. glabra Wats., S. subnuda Rob. & Greenn.; Salmea mikanioides Britton, S. palmeri Wats.; Sanvitalia alberti Gray, S. tenuis Wats.; Sclerocarpus schiedeanus var. elongatus Greenn. ; Sigesbeckia repens Rob. & Greenm.; Silphium atropurpureum f. hirticaule Fernald, S. gracile Gray, S. lanceolatum Nutt., S. lanceolatum Nutt., S. reniforme Raf. ex Nutt., S. speciosum Nutt., S. subacaule Nutt.; Simsia exaristata Gray; Thelesperma filifolia Nutt., T. longipes Gray; Tragoceras mocinianus Gray; Tridax candidissima Gray, T. palmeri Gray, T. palmeri var. indivisum Rob. & Greenm., T. platyphylla Rob.; Trigonospermum floribundum Greenn. ; Verbesina chihuahuensis Gray, V. coahuilensis Gray, ex Wats., V. crassicaulis mee V. erosa Brandegee, V. . gracilipes Rob., V. heteroph hylla Klatt, . hymenoloma oma Blake, V. hypoleuca Gray, V. killippii Blake, V. ee NUE. , ive laevifolia Blake V. montanoifolia var. leptopoda Rob., V. nudipes Blake, V. oncophora Rob., V. pennellii Blake, V. pringlei Rob., V. siegesbeckia Nutt., V. simulans Blake, V. soraria Gray, V. sphaerocephala Gray, V. stenophylla Greenm., V. texana Buckley, V. trilobata Rob. & Greenn., V. tuckeri Blake, V. variabilis Rob. & Greenm.; Viguiera blakei McVaugh, V. cordifolia Gray, V. excelsa var. dilatatifolia Blake, V. glutinosa Rusby, V. microcephala Greenm., V. palmeri Gray, V. pazensis Rusby, V. pringlei Rob. & Greenm., V. sagreana DC., V. tenuis Gray; Wedelia buphthalmiflora Lorentz, W. hildebrandtii Vatke; Wyethia amplexicaulis Nutt., W. incompta Nutt., W. mexicana Wats.3 Xanthium X faurae Sennen & Pau, X. maritimum Nutt., X. spinosum var. canescens subvar. heterochromum Sennen; Zaluzania discoidea Gray, Z. mollissima Gray, Z. pringlei Greenm., Z. resinosa Wats.; Zexmenia foliosa Rusby ex Jones, Z. hispidula Buckley, Z. pringlei Greenm., Z. squarrosa Greenm., Z. tequilana Gray ex Wats.; Zinnia intermedia Engelm., Z. palmeri Gray ex Wats. HELENIEAE Actinella argentea Gray, A. biennis Gray, A. grandiflora var. glabrata Porter, A. insignis Gray, A. lanata Nutt., A. lanata Pursh, A. linearifolia var. caulelatior Gris., A. odorata DC., A. palmeri aa A. richardsonii Hook., A. richardsonii var. floribunda Gray, torreyana Nutt., A. vaseyi Gray; Actinolepis pringlei Gray; te tenuifolia Nutt.; Baeria carnosa Greene, B. macrantha var. pauciaristata Gray, B. palmeri Gray; Bahia biternata Gray, B. pringlei Greenm., B. trifida Nutt., B. xylopoda Greenm.; Burrielia hirsuta Nutt., B. ramosa Nutt.; Cephalophora robusta Rusby, S. scaposa DC.; Chaenactis cusickii Gray, C. tenuifolia Nutt., C. thompsoni Cronquist; Chrysactinea pinnata Watson, C. truncata Watson; Dichaeta tenella Nutt., D. uliginosa Nutt.; Eriophyllum brownii brownii East., E. nevinii Gray, E. pendunculatum Heller, E. pringlei Gr Gray; Eutetras s pringlei Greennm. ; Flaveria tenuifolia Nutt.3 Gaillardia acaulis Gray, G. arizonica Gray, G. comosa Gray, G. lobata Buckley, G. mexicana Gray, G. nervosa Rydberg, G. pringlei Gray, G. scabrosa Buckley, G. spathulata Gray; Galardia acaulis Pursh, G. aristata Pursh, G. bicolor Pursh; Helenium chihuahuensis Bierner, H. curtisii Gray, H. grandiflorum Nutt., H. hoopesii Gray, H. linifolium Rydb., H. microcephalum Nutt. ex DC., H. montanum Nutt., H. nudiflorum Nutt., H. parviflorum Nutt., H. tenuifolium Nutt., H. tenuifolium var. badium Gray, H. texanum Buckley, H. thurberi Gray; Hymenatherum penta pentachaetunm | DC.; Hymenopappus biennis Turner, H. cinereus Rydberg, H. columbianus Rydberg, H. corymbosus var. nuttallii T. & G., H. flavescens var. cano-tomentosus Gray, H. flavomarginatus . Johnston, H. gloriosus | Heller, H. integer Greene, H. luteus Nutt., H. macroglottis Rydberg, H. tenuifolius Pursh; Hymeno thrix glandulosa Wats., H. palmeri Gray, H. wislizenii Gray, H. wrightii Gray; Hymenoxys linearifolia Hook., H, olivacea Cockerell; Laphamia intricata Brandegee, L. lindheimeri Gray, L. palmeri Gray, L. quinqueflora | Steyermark, The rupestris rupestris Gray; Lasthenia conjugens Greene; Leptopoda brevifolia Nutt., L. denticulata Nutt., L. helenium Nutt., L. incisa T. & G., L. pinnatifida Nutt.; Monolopia heermannii Durand, M. stricta Crum; Othake canescens Rydb., QO. robustum Rydb.; Palafoxia arenaria Brandegee, P. texana DC.; Pectis aquatica Wats., P. bracteata Wats., P. densa Rusby, P. imberbis Gray, P. linearis var. exilis Keil, P.longipes Gray, P. ‘rosea Rusby, P. “rusbyi — Greene ex Gray, P. stenophylla Gray, P. substriata Rusby; Pericome caudata Gray; Perityle brandegiana Rose, P. coronopifolia Gray, P. crassifolia Brandegee, P. cuneata Brandegee, P. deltoides Wats. P. feddemae McVaugh, P. gentryi Powell, P. incana Gray, P. jaliscana G Gray ex Watson, P. lloydii Ae & Fernald, P. microcephala Gray; Phileozera multiflora sob hee ye Plummera floribunda Gray; Polypteris integrifolia Nutt. ; Porophyllum ca. calcicolum Rob., P. crassifolium Wats., P. Fa roT tu Gray ex Wats., P. oblanceolatum Rusby; P. ervendbergii Gray, Ptilomeris aristate Nutt., P. mutica Nutt.; Sartwellia humilis Johnston, S. mexicana Gray ex Wats.; Schkuhria glom glomerata Rob. & Greenm., S. platyphylla Rob. & Greenm., S. pringlei W Watson, S. wrightii Gray; Stevia callosa Nutt.; Stylesia anthemoides Nutt., S. puberula Nutt.; Tagetes jaliscana Gray, T. lemmonii Gray, T. parryi Gray, T. pringlei Wats., T. stenophylla Rob., T. triradiata Greenm.; Tetraneuris jinearifolia var. latior Cockerell, T. oblongifolia Greene; Thymophylla Greggii Gray; Thymopsis brittonii Greenm.; Trichophyllum multiflorum Nutt., T. oppositifolium Nutt.; Venegasia frutescens Nutt.; Villanova chrysanthemoides Gray. 16 BOOK REVIEWS "A Review of a Review" Biological Activities of Sesquiterpene Lactones. G.H.N. Towers and J.C. Mitchell. Phytochemistry 15: 1573 -- 1580. 1976. A number of reviews related to sesquiterpene lactones have in the past been concerned with the chemistry, biogenesis, distribution and biochemical systematics of this rapidly increasing group of terpenoids. I wish to direct the readers attention to a review by E. Rodriguez et al. which presents an up-to-date summary of the biological activities of sesquiterpene lactones. After an introduction on the biogenesis and general distributions of the different structural types of sesquiterpene lactones in the Compositae, the authors outline the present state of knowledge (or the lack of it) related to the biological activities of these compounds. The article contains a tabulation of sesquiterpene lactones with confirmed antitumor and cytotoxic activity. It might be pointed out here that research related to the search for anti-cancer active sesquiterpene lactones and other secondary plant metabolites is presently actively pursued in several laboratories in the U.S. A number of these natural products, but not yet any sesquiterpene lactones, are now at the clinical testing stage. Other biological activities discussed are: a. Microbial growth inhibition of various lactones. b. Inhibition of skin penetration by cercariae of a trematode. c. Allergic contact dermatitis in humans caused by sesquiterpene lactones in a variety of members of the Compositae. d. Function of sesquiterpene lactones as insect feeding deterrants as well as vertebrate poisons. e. The action of sesquiterpene lactones as plant growth inhibitors. The review concludes with a brief consideration of the mechanism of action of the sesquiterpenoids necessary for their biological activity. Here one learns that there lies an almost virgin area of research. Much work still needs to be done to understand the various biological functions of this interesting group of natural products.--Nikolaus H. Fischer, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, U.S.A. Compositae, in Flora of Guatemala by Dorothy L. Nash and Louis 0. Williams. Fieldiana Bot. 24, pt. 12: I-X, 1-603 pp., illus. 15 May 1976. Price $18.00. This final part of a great flora is dedicated to Paul Carpenter Standley (1884 - 1963), who initiated, and contributed largely to, the Flora of Guatemala. The part on Compositae is the work primarily of Nash, who contributed the treatments of the tribes Vernonieae, Astereae, Inuleae, Heliantheae (except 6 genera), Anthemideae, Cynareae, Mutisieae, and Cichorieae; and Williams, who contributed the Eupatorieae (except Stevia), Helenieae, and Senecioneae (except Emilia). The total number of genera involved is about 143, and the number of species 620 or more. Of these 17 Nash worked up more than 100 genera and about 350 species, including 61 genera and about 195 species in the largest tribe, Heliantheae. Williams' largest contributions were to the genera Eupatorium, with 104 species, and Senecio, with 33. Kenneth M. Becker contributed the treatments of Lasianthaea and Zexmenia, John J. Fay those of Oteiza and Perymeniun, the late Jerold L. Grashoff (1945 - 1976) that of Stevia, Thomas E. Melchert those of Bidens and Cosmos, and Dan H. Nicolson that of Emilia. The Composites are well represented in Guatemala, especially in the uplands where, as Williams writes in the introduction, the number of species is astonishingly large for an area of this size. The flora is evidently closely related to, but slightly less rich than, that of the mountains of south-central Mexico. This treatment will be useful to students of the Mexican flora except for the far north of the country, but in fact only a rather small part of the species occur in Mexico except in the extreme southeast. In the largest genus, Eupatorium, for example, out of more than 100 species listed for Guatemala, only about 20 range as far northwest in Mexico as Michoacan, Jalisco, and Nayarit. On the other hand the Flora of Guatemala should be very useful to students of all the Central American floras, even that of Panama, which is attenuated with respect to Compositae, including no very large genera (even Eupatorium in the broad sense having fewer than 50 species, Stevia 4, Senecio 9 and Vernonia 6). This part of the Flora of Guatemala follows the format of earlier parts, with citation of pertinent synonymy, statements of distribution and flowering season, ample keys and descriptions. The descriptions are somewhat variable in length, those by Nash and Williams often 8 - 12 or 15 lines long, but those by specialists often 20 - 30 lines long. The type is easy to read. Arrangement within the family departs from the strictly alphabetical sequence of genera that was pioneered by Standley, and which is followed in most other parts of the Flora of Guatemala (notable exceptions are the Orchidaceae, in which the arrangement is strictly systematic, and the Leguminosae, in which it is alphabetical within each of three subfamilies; the Gramineae, on the other hand, are strictly alphabetical). In the Compositae, members of 11 tribes are represented in the Guatemalan flora, and each tribe is treated separately, with a preliminary description and key to genera followed by treatments of genera and species in alphabetical sequence. This arrangement is of some utility once the reader locates the correct tribe, but it vitiates whatever advantage there may be in a general alphabetical arrangement of genera, and makes it difficult to find any particular genus unless one knows its tribe. There is no index to genera, such as were provided for Gramineae, Orchidaceae, and Leguminosae, in the earlier parts of this same flora. Another feature of the arrange- ment of the part on Compositae is that the 148 full-page plates, illustrat- ing almost as many genera, are placed together in one section at the back of the book (pp. 455 - 603), arranged systematically by tribes and alphabetically within each tribe, with a list (arranged the same way) at the front of the book (pp. VII - X). This arrangement of plates was 18 purposeful, the introduction stating that 'This should simplify the determination of an unrecognized genus since the plates of related genera will be grouped". Taxonomic treatments on the whole are conservative. In his treat- ments of Eupatorium and Senecio, Williams mentions the work of King and Robinson, and of Robinson and Brettell, but does not accept any of their generic segregates, although for the interested reader he lists in synonymy most of the new names and combinations proposed by these authors. Williams also prefers to treat the Helenieae as a tribe distinct from the Heliantheae, recognizing that this is a "matter of convenience", and Nash for almost the same reason accepts both Notoptera and Otopappus, knowing them for artificial groups. Both Nash and Williams, who are together responsible for most of the genera, seem to have made an effort to make full use of the many recent taxonomic revisions of genera and other groups of Compositae, although they do not always agree in detail with the other authors’ conclusions. For example, Liabum is included not in the Senecioneae, where it has been placed by many recent authors, and not in the tribe Liabeae as suggested by Robinson & Brettell, but in the Vernonieae where Cassini had originally located it. On the other hand Nash accepts the opinion of Robinson & Brettell that Neurolaena and Schistocarpha belong in the Heliantheae. She also accepts Aldama as a valid genus, following Feddema who went against standard taxonomic opinion in separating the group from Sclerocarpus, and she follows Reveal & King in taking up both Acourtia and Perezia. There is ample evidence that the authors worked thoughtfully, not as compilers but as investigators. They propose a number (not excessively large) of new species, and attempt to evaluate the species proposed by other authors both new and old. As in most floras of tropical America, a significant number of novelties was discovered during the preparation of this one. In the large genus Eupatorium, for example, about one- fourth of the species have been described since the initiation of the work on the Flora of Guatemala, either by Standley & Steyermark, by Williams himself, or by others. Additional evidence of the alertness and independence of the authors may be found in the transfer of Piqueria standleyi to Eupatorium; in the retention of the name Elephantopus spicatus (instead of the much better- known Pseudelephantopus); in the attention to correct assignment of the names in Gnaphalium, especially those published in the Nova Genera & Species of Humboldt, Bonpland, & Kunth; in the use of the name Delilea instead of the long-familiar Elvira; and in the decision, on taxonomic grounds, to use the generic name Espejoa for the plant more commonly known as Jaumea mexicana. Inevitably there are lapses, and details in which the opinions of the authors differ from that of the reviewer. The text seems to have been assembled in a hurry, and is marred by a number of typographic errors, the most noticeable of which is the persistent misspelling of Linnaeus in the generic headings. Carminatia is said to be a monotypic genus, although a second species was published in 1972. The name Delilea berterii Spreng. (1823) is taken up instead of D. biflora (L.) Kuntze, which latter was 19 used (it seems correctly) in the Compositae of the Flora of Panama (1975). The name Zinnia elegans Jacq. (1797) is preferred to Z. violacea Cav. (1791), and the dates of both are wrongly cited. The name Dyssodia porophylla is accepted (instead of D. porophyllum; cf. Contr. Univ. Mich. Herb. 9: 413 - 414. 1972). The keys for the most part seem workable, but only after prolonged trials can one comment effectively on this. From the description it would seem that Viguiera longifolia would key out to Hymenostephium, as the achenes in V. longifolia are epappose. Personally I find the numbered key to tribe Heliantheae (pp. 182 - 187) unnecessarily complicated, and frustrating to use, and I wish the author had conformed to the style used in the other keys. The two main features that make keys useful are the utilization of the power of the repeated dichotomies, and secondly the advantage to the user of being able to proceed through the key, making choice after choice without ever having to go back, and eventually reaching the correct lead. In the numbered key as it is arranged here, the positions of individual leads become meaningless; it is impossible to "scan" the key to find the correct and final choice, and if one loses his place he can but return again to the beginning and start over. As noted above, the illustrations are gathered together at the back of the book, and individual plates may be difficult to locate. The drawings of details of flowers and achenes are carefully done, but to me the plates as a whole are somewhat less than satisfactory because the artist often seems to be trying for effects instead of concentrating on representation. Individual species and genera may be difficult to recognize from the habit-sketches, because the plants, evidently drawn from pressed specimens, are bent into pre-determined shapes to fit the available area (much as in the 18th Century paintings made by the artists of the Sessé & Mocino expedition), and the plates are often crowded, and cluttered by extraneous circles and other figures, artistically shaded backgrounds, human figures, and distracting cartoons. Capsule opinion: This is the first major synopsis of the Compositae of any large tropical continental North American flora, and as such it will be an indispensable aid to botanists working with Mexican or Central American plants (the part on Compositae from the Flora of Panama seems in fact to have been published a few months earlier; it will be less useful outside its own geographic area because of the limited number of species treated). The defects in the "Compositae of Guatemala" are minor ones, and the advantages of having the information on these plants in published form far outweigh the deficiencies. - - - Rogers McVaugh, University Herbarium, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, U.S.A. Las Compuestas de Honduras. A. F. Clewell. Ceiba 19(2): 119-244, 1975 [distributed May 1976]. Copies available from Escuela Agricola Americana, Apartado 93, Tegucigalpa, Honduras. $2.00 U.S. 20 This work was completed during a two-year stay (1972-73) by the author as a Fulbright Scholar at the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Honduras in Tegucigalpa. It was designed not as a definitive flora but "Since manuals to the Central American flora are not available for class use, a major intention of this work is to provide students with a means of identifying composites" (p. 141). Viewed within this framework, the publication is a useful contribution. The format of the treatment is as follows: (1) distribution of the native species by department of Honduras; (2) morphological summaries of the family; (3) tribal distinctions; (4) keys to the genera; (5) descriptions of the genera and species; and (6) keys to the species. Some comments follow the specific descriptions, and some specific synonymy is given, but this type of information is not frequent. The work is written entirely in Spanish except for a short English summary. As the author did not have the opportunity to read proof, numerous errors exist in the treatment. In fact, an errata sheet exists which lists the most conspicuous errors and is available on request from the author (Dept. Biological Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306,U.S.A). These oversights are of different types, such as misspellings, omitted portions of descriptions, transposed descriptions, and so on. Considering the entire work, the errors do not detract too much, but anyone wishing to use the publication in the classroom or in other serious ways would be well-advised to obtain the correction sheet. According to this treatment, 95 genera and 264 species of Compositae are found in Honduras with the greatest concentration (202 species) in the department of Francisco Moraz&n (where also most of the past collecting has been done). No detailed statements on distribution of the individual taxa are provided. Two herbaria were principally consulted: that of Stanley at the Escuela Agricola Panamericana (EAP) in El Zamorano, and the small collection of the Universidad Nacional Antonoma at Tegucigalpa. Few type materials or original descriptions were examined. It was intended for the work to be published before the Flora of Guatemala and Flora of Panama, but editorial delay resulted in the three floras appearing close together. Despite the obvious and admitted deficiencies of this treatment of the Compositae of Honduras, it is a welcome and important first step and one that will be even more useful now that the Flora of Guatemala also is available.--Editor. FLORA OF PANAMA, Part IX. Family 184. Compositae by W. G. D'Arcy and 11 others. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 62(4): 835-1322. 1975 (New York Botanical Garden Copy received 1 September, 1976). Panama isn't really Composite country. The 11ll genera here treated include only a little more than 250 species, and many of these are wide- spread tropical American (or even pantropical) weeds. The largest genus, as treated, is Mikania, with 14 species, although Eupatorium would have more than 50 had they not been parceled out amongst more than a dozen regal minigenera. The treatment is handsomely presented under the leadership of D'Arcy, with indented keys, full descriptions, synonymy, commentary, and citation of specimens. The illustrations (mostly of one species per genus) are well executed by a number of different artists. I was glad to see Alomia disappear into the synonymy of Ageratum. There are a few things I could fuss about, but the overall effect is that of a solid professional treatment. The author-editor and his eleven collaborators are to be congratulated on a job well done.--Arthur Cronquist, Senior Scientist, The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx Park, N.Y. 10458, U.S.A. NEWS FROM INDIVIDUALS AND INSTITUTIONS A call for information about breeding systems in the Compositae comes from Dr. Henyfod, School of Plant Biology, Deirid Road, Bangor, N. Wales, UK. Portions of his letter are as follows: "T am at present engaged in an investigation of the population biology of Taraxacum spp. and in the course of this have become extremely interested in the distribution of apomixis, and methods of reducing recombination, both taxonomically and geographically (in relation to environmental heterogeneity). As information concerning mating systems seems to be hard to trace down, I would be very grateful if you could put out a call for help in the NEWSLETTER. What I essentially am trying to do is extend Stebbins 1958 paper which is based on the Cichorieae (Lactuceae) to the other main taxa of the Compositae and I am looking for information on the following points in particular: (1) occurrence of apomicts - particularly if there are apomictic "species" that appear to be recent in origin and/or extending their range; (2) occurrence of inbreeding; and (3) occurrence of chromo- somal mechanisms that would result in a reduction of recombination. Once I get leads on a few species I can check ecological data through our own system, and then chase people personally, but I would be grateful if readers could help me track down the occurrence of apomixis." The following note on POLLEN ALLELOPATHY comes from M.B.S. Char, Dept. of Post-Graduate Studies and Research in Botany, Manasa Gangotri, Mysore-570006, India: "Casually, it was observed that tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), chilies (Capsicum annuum L.), and french bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) never set seed or fruit after pollinating with their pollen mixed with the pollen of carrot weed (Parthenium hysterophorus L.). They could set seed and fruit when pollinated with their pollen proper. This was later confirmed by repeating the process in flowers emasculated prior to blooming and using fresh pollen taken from the dehiscing anthers. The pollen of tomato, chilies and french bean was mixed with the carrot weed pollen (1:3 by weight) or its suspension in distilled water (1 mg pollen in 0.5 ml of suspension) and then pollinated by dusting the mixed pollen on the stigma of flowers to be tested. Flowers pollinated with carrot weed pollen started withering and fell off within a week or ten days. In these flowers, ungerminated pollen in the stigma and style and 21 22 aborted ovules in the carpel could be seen. Further replication of the process in 100 flowers from 25 plants of tomato, chilies and french bean showed that the carrot weed pollen effect was reproducible. 25 mg. of fresh intact pollen in 1 ml of distilled water was significantly effective (p < 0.001). The inhibitory effect was noticed after pollen suspension was steam-sterilized and pollen grains were filtered from the freshly prepared suspension after one hour. The pollen inhibitory potency resembles an allelopathic mechanism in which a plant species competes with another by releasing growth inhibitors and hence amounts to pollen allelopathy (E.L. Rice. 1974. Allelopathy. Academic Press, New York). Its details and implications are being dealt with. I thank Miss S.D. Kanchan, Department of Botany, Central College, Bangalore, for her help in preparing this note." LIST OF WORKERS AND THEIR CURRENT RESEARCH IN THE COMPOSITAE.-- This is the beginning of what hopefully will be a periodic update of information about research activities on the Compositae in various laboratories throughout the world. ANDERSON, LORAN C., Dept. Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, U.S.A. RESEARCH: monographic study of Chrysothamnus; systematic anatomy of related Asteraceae (Haplopappus, Gundlachia, Solidago, etc.); anatomy of Cannabis; floristic study of Florida panhandle flora. PUBLICATION: Comparative leaf anatomy of Solidago and related Asteraceae. Amer. J. Bot. 62:486-493. 1975. TRAVEL: western U.S., and hopefully Panama. REQUEST FOR MATERIAL: would consider initiation of modest herbarium exchange program with emphasis on Asteraceae. BARKLEY, T. M., Herbarium, Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, U.S.A. RESEARCH: Senecio in extra-tropical North America (currently in press in the North American Flora Series at the N.Y. Bot. Gard.); Flora of the Great Plains project (the ATLAS is in press at the Iowa State University Press); Senecio for Flora Neotropica. PUBLICATION: Two nomenclatural changes in Senecio. Rhodora 78:158-159. 1976. TRAVEL: regional collecting. REQUEST FOR MATERIAL: any Senecio. BELCHER, ROBERT O., Dept. Biology, Eastern Michigan Univeristy, Ypsilanti, Michigan 48197, U.S.A. RESEARCH: systematics of Australasian Senecio spp.; evaluation of inter-specific hybrids in Senecio. TRAVEL: Pre- Congress Sabbatical in Australia Prior to XII Int'l. Botanical Congress in Sydney in 1981. BIERNER, MARK W., Dept. of Botany, Univeristy of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37916, U.S.A. RESEARCH: chemosystematic study of the subtribe Gaillardiinae (Helenieae). TRAVEL: southwestern United States, July 1976. 23 BOHLMANN, F., Institute of Organic Chemistry, Techn. University of Berlin, Berlin 12, Germany. RESEARCH: chemotaxonomy of Compositae, about 2000 species already investigated. REQUEST FOR MATERIAL: Many special taxa of Compositae needed (about 100g of roots and 200g of aerial parts); please let me know what might be available. BREMER, KARE, Institute of Botany, University of Stockholm, L. Frescati, S-104 05, Stockholm 50, Sweden. RESEARCH: revisions of the genera Leysera (Inuleae) and Peyrousea (Anthemideae). PUBLICATIONS: Proposal to conserve the generic name Relhania L'Herit. (Compositae). Taxon 25:207-208. 1976. New taxa of Osmitopsis (Compositae). Bot. Notiser 129:21-24. 1976. The genus Rosenia (Compositae). Bot. Notiser 129:97-111. 1976. The genus Relhania (Compositae). Opera Bot. 40:1-86. 1976. BROWN, ROY CURTISS, Whitman College, Walla Walla, Washington 99362, U.S.A. RESEARCH: I am reviewing the world literature on the distribution, origin, and genetics of SUPERNUMERARY (B-) CHROMOSOMES in Compositae. Any reference to obscure mention of B-chromosomes in longer revisions and monographs (especially unpublished dissertations) would be most welcome. PUBLICATIONS: two manuscripts have been submitted dealing with the systematics of Psilostrophe (Helenieae). BURTT, B. L., Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh EH3 5LR, Scotland. RESEARCH: revision (with 0.M. Hilliard) of Eomorphia (Anthemideae) & eventually S. African Cotula (Anthemideae). PUBLICATIONS: see Hilliard, O.M. TRAVEL: field work in Natal, S. Africa, Oct. 1976 - Jan. 1977. CARTER, ANNETTA, Herbarium, Dept. of Botany, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, U.S.A. RESEARCH: concentrating on working up past Baja California collections (including bringing all labelling up to date). TRAVEL: more field work in the Sierra de la Giganta, Baja California Sur, Mexico. CRISCI, JORGE VICTOR, Museo de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque, 1900 La Plata, Argentina. RESEARCH: revision of the genera: Calopappus, Triptilion Nassauvia and Trixis (South America); the phylogeny of the subtribe Nassauviinae (Mutisieae): a numerical approach. PUBLICATIONS: Revision del genero Leucheria (Compositae; Mutisieae). Darwiniana 20: 9-126. 1976. NGmeros cromosé6micos en los géneros Panphalea y Holocheilus (Compositae; Mutisieae). Burkartia: nuevo género de Mutisieae (Compositae). REQUESTS FOR MATERIAL: genera of Nassauviinae specially Calopappus, Triptilion, Nassauvia and Trixis. CROAT, TOM, Missouri Botanical Gardens, 2315 Tower Grove Ave., Mo., U.S.A. RESEARCH: because of my interests in floristics of Panama, I shall continue to follow with great interest developments in the work with Compositae. More recently I have been involved with the development of a program leading toward floristic work with the Flora of Nicaragua. 24 DAVIS, P. H., Leader: Flora of Turkey project, University of Edinburgh, Department of Botany, Flora of Turkey Unit, Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, Scotland. RESEARCH: Vol. VI of Flora of Turkey currently in preparation. PUBLICATIONS: Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean islands. Edited by P. H. Davis, assisted by V. A. Matthews, F. K. Kupicha and B. S. Parris. Vol. V. Compositae. 1975, Edinburgh University Press. DITTRICH, MANFRED, Conservatoire botanique, Case postale 60, CH-1292 Chambésy/Genéve, Switzerland. RESEARCH: monograph of the genus Rhaponticum Hill (Cardueae-Centaureinae). REQUESTS FOR MATERIAL: Xanthopappus multicephalus Ling, and X. subacaulis C. Winkler. DOMINGUEZ, JORGE ALEJANDRO, Instituto Technol6égico de Monterrey, Dept. Qdimica, ITESM, Suc. Correos J., Monterrey, N.L. Mexico. RESEARCH: chemistry of Gochnatia hypoleuca, Vernonia lytroides, Tagetes anisata, and Solidago sempervirens. REQUESTS FOR MATERIAL: taxonomic information on the tribes Eupatorieae and Helenieae. DUNFORD, MAX P., New Mexico State University, Box 3AF, Biology Dept., Las Cruces, N.M. 88003,U.S.A. RESEARCH: chromosome studies in various genera of Compositae. Biosystematics of Grindelia. Chromosomes and cell division in Machaeranthera. PUBLICATIONS: Somatic crossing over as a cause of chromosome multivalents in cotton. Jour. Hered. 65:3-7. 1974. Somatic crossing over as a cause of intergenome translocations in haploid cotton. Jour. Hered. 66:277-280. 1975. EDIGER, ROBERT, California State University, Chico, Dept. of Biological Sciences, Chico, California 95929, U.S.A. RESEARCH: monographing Arnica. FAY, JOHN J., Field Museum of Natural History, Roosevelt Rd. and Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605, U.S.A. RESEARCH: Compositae for Flora of Vera Cruz. FERAKOVA, VIERA, Katedra systematickej botaniky PvFUK, 80100 Bratislava, Révova 39, Czechoslovakia. RESEARCH: Index of Chromosome Numbers of Slovakian Flora. Part 1-6. TRAVEL: field collections mainly in Slovakia. REQUESTS FOR MATERIAL: achenes of Lactuca, especially Mediterranean species. FERGUSON, I. K., Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW 93 AE, U.K. PUBLICATION: (with D. L. Kingham) A study of the pollen morphology of tropical African and certain other Vernonieae (Compositae). Kew Bull. 31:9-26. 1976. GIANNASI, DAVID E., New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, N. Y. 10458, U.S.A. RESEARCH: none on Compositae right now - involved in survey of Cassia (legumes). PUBLICATION: Flavonoid chemistry and evolution in Dahlia (Compositae). Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 102: 404-412. REQUESTS FOR MATERIAL: Tubers or seeds of Dahlia linearis, @ D. dissecta or D. rupicola (from Mexico; all taxa have purple rays and have highly dissected compound leaves). 7X5) HAMMOND, JOSEPHINE M. WARD (Mrs.), Botany Dept., University of Canterbury, Private Bag, Christchurch, New Zealand. RESEARCH: the classification of the genus Raoulia (Inuleae-Compositae). HARBORNE, JEFFREY B., Phytochemical Unit, University of Reading, Plant Science Labs., Reading RG6 2AS, U.K. RESEARCH: flower & leaf flavanoids in the Anthemideae and Cichorieae. PUBLICATIONS: Evolution of yellow flavonols in flowers of Anthemideae. Paper in preparation on anthochlors of Pyrrhopappus. HEGNAUER, R., Laboratorium voor Experimentele Plantensystematiek, University of Leiden, Netherlands. RESEARCH: (a) cyanogenesis in Compositae; (b) polymorphism and polytypism in Achillea millefolium s.l. (chromosome numbers; cyanogenesis, azulinogenesis) and Centaurea scabiosa s.l. PUBLICATION: Cyanogenesis in Centaurea scabiosa (in press). TRAVEL: Europe, especially Netherlands and Switzerland. REQUESTS FOR MATERIAL: Fruits (usable!) of Centaurea americana Nutt., Calotis spp. (Astereae), Acanthospermum spp. (Heliantheae) , and several Helenieae (Florestina, Picradeniopsis, Hymenoxys spp.) HEISER, CHARLES, Dept. of Plant Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47401, U.S.A. RESEARCH: a study of cytoplasmic male ‘ sterility in Helianthus. PUBLICATIONS: The sunflower. University of Oklahoma Press. (198 p., illus.) 1976. HERZ, WERNER, Dept. of Chemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, U.S.A. RESEARCH: Sesquiterpene lactone distribution ' in Compositae (currently emphasizing Eupatorieae). PUBLICATIONS: (with W. Vichnewski, S. J. Sarti, and B. G. Gilbert) Goyazensolide, a schistosomicidal heliangolide from Eremanthus goazensis. Phytochem. 15: 191.1976. (with R. P. Sharma) Sesquiterpene lactones of Eupatorium hyssopifolium. J. Org. Chem. 41: 1015. 1976. New hydroxylated ent - kauranoic acids from Eupatorium album. J. Org. Chem. 41: 1021. 1976. Pycnolide, a seco — germacradienolide from Liatris pycnostachya and other antitumor constituents of Liatris species. ._J..Org., Chem. 41. 98°92484) l97G. HEYN, CHAIA C., Dept. of Botany, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel. RESEARCH: relationships between annual Calendula species; speciation in Calendula. PUBLICATIONS: from our department: Plitmann, U. Taxonomic studies in Centaurea Sect. Calcitropa. III. Cytotaxonomic notes. Isr. J. Bots 25:8/-89. 1976. REQUEST. FOR MATERIAL: Viable seeds of Calendula (annual and perennial). HILLIARD, O. M., University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, Natal, South Africa. RESEARCH: revision of Helichrysum for Fl. S. Afr. (perhaps covering Leotonyx, Amphidoxa and Gnaphalium as well). See also B. L. Burtt. PUBLICATIONS: (with B. L. Burtt) Revision of Macowania.Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 34:260-276. 1976. together with miscellaneous other notes (pp. 254-282). To be 26 published early in 1977: Hilliard, Compositae in Natal, c. 650 pp., Univ. of Natal Press. REQUESTS FOR MATERIAL: Herbarium material of Helichrysum and allied genera, worldwide. HOLUB, JOSEF, Botanical Institute, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, 252 43 Pruhonice u Prahy, Czechoslovakia. RESEARCH: taxonomy and nomenclature of Filagininae; generic classification of Centaureinae; Senecio (Tephroseris) of Central Europe. PUBLICATIONS: New names in Phanerogamae 4, 5. Brief comments on Flora Europaea 4. REQUESTS FOR MATERIAL: Filagininae, especially from the Old World. HUMPHREY, CHRISTOPHER JOHN, British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell Road, London SW7 SBD, England. RESEARCH: A revision of Anacyclus and experimental hybridisation work - 2 years in progress - F,'s produced already. TRAVEL: Hoggat in '77/78, Caspian Sea in 1977. REQUESTS FOR MATERIAL: Anacyclus material from Morocco, Egypt, Tunisia and Algeria. Particularly A. monanthos (A. alexandrius) and A. madroccanus. JAMIESON, GEORGE R., Senior Lecturer, Chemistry Dept. The Paisley College, High Street, Paisley PAl 2BE, Scotland. RESEARCH: sesquiter- penoids in Petasites species in S. W. Scotland. PUBLICATIONS: Bakkenolide-A: its distribution in Petasites species and cytotoxic properties. Phytochemistry (in press). REQUESTS FOR MATERIAL: Information on Petasites albus ??7?7?? JANSEN, ROBERT K., The Ohio State University, 1735 Neil Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, U.S.A. RESEARCH: systematics of the genus Spilanthes (Compositae: Heliantheae). PUBLICATIONS: Allenrolfea mexicana Lundell (Chenopodiaceae): its conspecificity with A. occidentalis (S. Wats.) Kuntze. Rhodora. TRAVEL: Mexico and Central America in December 1977. JOHNSON, DALE E., Dept. of Botany, Univeristy of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, U.S.A. RESEARCH: systematic studies in Eriophyllinae (Helenieae), primarily chromosomes & flavonoids. Taxonomy of Monoptilon (Astereae). JONES, SAMUEL B., Jr., Botany Dept., University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, U.S.A. RESEARCH: synopsis of the genus Vernonia (Vernonieae); cytotaxonomy of the Vernonieae. REQUESTS FOR MATERIAL: achenes of tropical Vernonieae for cytotaxonomic studies. NOBLOCH, IRVING W., Michigan State University, E. Lansing, Michigan, U.S.A. RESEARCH: Morphological characters in Cheilanthes together with a key to north and central American species. PUBLICATION: Fern Hybrids. Michigan State Museum Bulletin. In press. KOYAMA, HIROSHIGE, Dept. of Botany, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan. RESEARCH: Phytogeography of Ixeris dentata complex in Japan, based on cytological investigations. PUBLICATIONS: On the "Sohayaki 27 element,'' defined by Dr. G. Koidzumi, will be published from National Science Museum, Tokyo (text in Japanese with English summary). REQUESTS FOR MATERIAL: mature achenes of any species in the genus Ixeris, for use in chromosomal studies. KUPICHA, FRANCES K., British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell Road, London SW/ 5BD, England. RESEARCH: I am working on various families for Flora Zambesiaca and on the tribe Vicieae (Leguminosae/ Papilionoideae). PUBLICATIONS: None relevant to Compositae, since Flora of Turkey, vol. 5, which contains various contributions. KYHOS, DONALD W., Dept. of Botany, Univeristy of California, Davis, California 95616, U.S.A. RESEARCH: chromosome evolution and biosystematics of Chaenactis, Encelia, Hemizonia, Hawaiian tarweeds (and Madiinae in general). PUBLICATIONS: Evidence of different adaptations of flower color variants of Encelia farinosa Gray. Madrono 20:479-481. The cytology of Brachycome lineariloba. 4. The 10-chromosome quasi-diploid. Chromosoma 44:439-456. TRAVEL: Summer 1976, Hawaiian Islands to continue study of Hawaiian tarweeds with Gerald D. Carr (Univ. of Hawaii-Manoa campus). LACK, WALTER H., Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum, Berlin-Dahlem, Konigin-Luise-Str. 6-8, D - 1000, Berlin (West) 33, Germany. RESEARCH: comparative study of anatomy, development and systematic value of the pappus in Lactuceae. Revision of the genus Picris (west-mediterranean region, Australia, New Zealand, central and eastern Asia). Studies on the systematic position of Heywoodiella, Sventenia, Microderis, Hispidella, Rothmalera, and Acanthocephalus. Account of the genus Pulicaria for Flora Iranica. Biography and evaluation of the work of C. H. Schultz-Bipontinus. PUBLICATIONS: Die Gattung Picris L.s.1l. Ostmediterran-westasiatischen Raum. Dissertation der Universitat Wien 116 (1975); accounts for the genera Picris and Helminthotheca in Flora of Turkey and Flora Iranica; accounts for the genera Cichorium, Chondrilla and Hieracium for Flora Iranica. REQUESTS FOR MATERIAL: living material of Lactuceae endemic to North America and of the genus Picris (especially from Australia); herbarium material of Picris from central and eastern Asia. LA DUKE, JOHN, Botany Dept., Ohio State University, 1/735 Neil Ave., Columbus, Ohio 43210, U.S.A. RESEARCH: systematics of Tithonia Desf.; systematics of Rhysolepis Blake. TRAVEL: Mexico-Central America, 1977. REQUESTS FOR MATERIAL: seeds or rootstocks with vouchers of Tithonia species. LEVY, MORRIS, Dept. Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, U.S.A. RESEARCH: novel flavonoid chemistry and reticulate evolution in Phlox; ultraviolet nectar guides in Rudbeckia; ecological genetics of the permanent translocation heterozygote in Oenothera biennis. PUBLICATIONS: Allozyme linkage disequilibria among chromosome complexes in the permanent translocation heterozygote Oenothera biennis. Evolution (in press). Altered glycoflavone expression in induced autotetraploids of Phlox drummondii. Biochem. Syst. & Ecol. (in press). MARCHESI DE LEON, EDUARDO HECTOR, Facultad de Agronomia, Laboratorio de Botanica, Casilla de Correo 1238, Montevideo, Uruguay. RESEARCH: Compositae of the Uruguayan Flora (340 spec. approx.). PUBLICATIONS: Senecioneae and Mutisieae are already finished for publication, but these parts are being held until the entire family is completed. Vernonieae, Astereae and Inuleae are the groups now being studied. REQUESTS FOR MATERIAL: Lucilia, Stenachaeniun. MERXMULLER, H., Institut fiir Systematische Botanik, Universitdt Miinchen, 8000 Miinchen 19, Menzinger Strasse 67, Miinchen, Germany. RESEARCH: J. Grau (on Astereae) and I, myself, (on Inuleae) have started some fruit-anatomical work on our groups but it is much too early even for a preliminary statement (except that it does seem useful taxonomically). MEARS, JAMES A., Academy of Natural Sciences, 19th & Parkway, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103, U.S.A. RESEARCH: weediness and endemism in Parthenium; chemical and morphological studies of hybridization and gene flow. TRAVEL: March-June 1977 - Galapagos Islands. June-Sept. 1977, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia to altiplano. REQUESTS FOR MATERIAL: Parthenium from everywhere. MORTON, GARY H., Dept. of Botany, Rutgers, The State University, Newark, New Jersey 07102, U.S.A. RESEARCH: A biosystematical study of the Solidago gigantea-candensis-rugosa complex. Compositae of Tennessee. REQUESTS FOR MATERIAL: seeds and/or plants (herbarium specimens) of Aster ptarmicoides. NORDENSTAM, BERTIL, Swedish Museum of Natural History, S-104 05 Stockholm 50, Sweden. RESEARCH: Generic conspectus of the tribe Senecioneae; Senecio for 'Flora Iranica'; Senecioneae for 'Flora of Ecuador'; revisions of Othonna (Senecioneae) and Helipterum in S. Africa (Inuleae), and Cacosmia (Liabeae). PUBLICATIONS: Re-classification of Chrysanthemum L. in South Africa. Bot. Notiser 129: 137-165. 1976. NESOM, GUY L., Dept. of Botany, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, U.S.A. RESEARCH: Cytology of Chrysogonum virginianum; variation in Erigeron flagellaris. PUBLICATIONS: A new species of Erigeron (Asteraceae) and its relatives in southwestern Utah. Brittonia 28:263-272. 1976. TRAVEL: summer of 1977 trip to Mexico and sw U.S.A. PALMER, REXFORD E., Dept. of Botany, University of California, Davis, California 95616, U.S.A. RESEARCH: experimental and evolutionary studies in Holocarpha; taxonomy of Raillardella. TRAVEL: many trips throughout California. PIPPEN, RICHARD W., Biology Dept., Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008, U.S.A. RESEARCH: systematics and life- histories of Cacalioid composites. PRINGLE, JAMES, S., Royal Botanical Gardens, Box 399, Postal Station A, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8N 3H8. RESEARCH: the origin and relationships of Solidago houghtonii; the distribution and ecology of Solidago ohioensis; the identity of "Solidago jenunifolia." TRAVEL: northern Lower Michigan in the summer of 1976 to work on the projects listed above. PRITHIPALSINGH, Dr., Dept. of Botany, University of Delhi, Deshbandhu College, Kalkaji, New Delhi 110019, India. RESEARCH: chemotaxonomic, morphological, and numerical taxonomic studies on the genus Blumea DC. (tribe Inuleae) in India, review of chemotaxonomic studies on Compositae in India, bibliography of taxonomic and floristic studies in India. TRAVEL: field trips in different seasons to all regions in India for studies on Blumea. REQUESTS FOR MATERIAL: would appreciate receiving material (dried leaves for chemical analysis and captiula for morphological investigations) of Blumea viscosa (syn. Pseudoconyza viscosa) for detailed comparisons. I have examined some material of this taxon collected from Columbia, Ecuador, and Venezuela (S. America). ROBINS, DAVID J., Dept. of Chemistry, Glascow University, Glascow G12 8QQ, Scotland, UK. RESEARCH: The occurrence and identification of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in the Senecioneae. REQUESTS FOR MATERIAL: plant material, preferably roots, about 100 gm or more from species in Senecioneae (or from Eupatorium spp.). [See article in this issue of the NEWSLETTER. } ROWELL, CHESTER M., Jr., Angelo State University, Box 10890 A.S.U. Station, San Angelo, Texas 76901, U.S.A. RESEARCH: floristic studies in central w. Texas. (2 County floras completed; 3 now in progress as M. S. Theses); life-history studies of Penstemon baccharifolius. PUBLICATIONS: A Guide to The Stock Poisoning Plants of Central West Texas. Angelo State University. TRAVEL: regional field studies. SMITH, EDWIN B., Dept. of Botany & Bact., University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, U.S.A. RESEARCH: Coreopsis of the world; flora of Arkansas. PUBLICATIONS: A biosystematic survey of Coreopsis in eastern United States and Canada. SIDA 6:123-215. 1976. TRAVEL: visits to regional herbaria, Spring 1977, in preparation of an atlas of the vascular plants of Arkansas. REQUESTS FOR MATERIAL: dried material of Coreopsis and viable seeds from SW U.S., Mexico, S. America, and Africa. STROTHER, JOHN L., Herbarium, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, U.S.A. RESEARCH: systematics of Tageteae, esp. Chrysactinia, Nicolletia, Leucactinia, Harnackia, Lescaillea, Porophyllum; Senecioneae, Leipidospartum, Luina, Cacaliopsis, Rainiera. PUBLICATIONS: Chrysanthellum pilzii (Compositae), a new species from Oaxaca. Madrono 23:358-360. 1976. Chromosome studies in Compositae. Amer. J. Bot. 63:247-250. 1976. Review of aquatic and wetland plants of southwestern United States. Madrofio 23:300. 1976. REQUESTS FOR MATERIAL: pickled buds and/or seeds (vouchered) of Porophyllum and Chrysactinia. STUESSY, TOD F., Dept. of Botany, Ohio State University, 1735 Neil Ave., Columbus, Ohio 43210, U.S.A. RESEARCH: monographic and experimental studies on Heliantheae, especially of Latin America; current projects include Clibadium, Desmanthodium, Ichthyothere, and Melampodium. PUBLICATIONS: A systematic review of the subtribe Lagasceinae (Compositae, Heliantheae). Amer. J. Bot. 63:1289- 1294. 1976. Subtribes Milleriinae, Melampodiinae, Ambrosiinae, and Zinniinae for the Flora of Panama. Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard. 62: 1057-1101. 1976. A revision of Oparanthus (Compositae, Heliantheae, Coreopsidinae). Fieldiana Bot. 38:63-70. 1977. TRAVEL: in the next few years, trips to Colombia, Brazil and Ecuador. TORRES, A. M., Botany Dept., University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66044, U.S.A. RESEARCH: alcohol dehydrogenase isozymes in annual sunflowers. PUBLICATIONS: Dissociation-recombination of intergenic sunflower alcohol dehydrogenase isozymes and relative isozyme activities. Biochem. Gen. 14:87-98, 1976. REQUESTS FOR MATERIAL: seed of wild or cultivated strains of Helianthus annuus (source should be given). TYRL, RONALD J., Curator of Herbarium, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74074, U.S.A. RESEARCH: grassflora of Oklahoma; biosystematic study of Nama hispidium and N. stevensii. PUBLICATIONS: Origin & distribution of polyploid Achillea (Compositae) in western North America. Britonia 27:187-196. 1975. URBATSCH, LOWELL, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 78/703, U.S.A. RESEARCH: Haplopappus sections Ericameria, Asiris, Macronema, Tonestus, Stenotus, Stenotopsis and related taxa; Calea in collaboration with graduate students; biochemical systematic studies of Tetragonotheca and Rumfordia with N. Fisher et al. PUBLICATIONS: Systematics of the Ericameria cuneata complex. Madrofio 1976. Flavonol methyl ethers from Ericameria diffusa. Phytochemistry 15:440-441. 1976. REQUESTS FOR MATERIAL: viable achenes of Calea, Haplopappus, and Gundlachia. WAGENITZ, GERHARD, Lehrstuhl fiir Pflanzensystematik, Systematisch-Geo- botanisches Institut, Universitudt G&ttingen, Untere Karspiile 2, D 3400 GSttingen, Germany. RESEARCH: revision of the genus Centaurea for "Flora Iranica"; revision of the genus Pulicaria for Africa, Arabia, and Macaronesia (thesis under my supervision by Mrs. Gamal Eldin). WILD, H., Dept. ot Botany, University ot Rhodesia, P. UO. Box M P 16/7, Salisbury, Rhodesia. RESEARCH: Flora Zambesiar‘a, Compositae - Vernonieae (to be followed by Inuleae). PUBLICATIONS: The Compositae of the Flora Zambesiaca Area, 4-Astereae. Kirkia IO) Si 7Pq U)7/5). , RECENT LITERATURE* These references have been abstracted from the Current Awareness Lists of the Library, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. A comprehensive bibliography of Compositae, published annually, is contained in the Kew Record of Taxonomic Literature. GENERAL 7 3,4 *For an explanation of the format of these references, see issue Number Two of the NEWSLETTER. Carlquist, S. Tribal interrelationships and phylogeny of the Asteraceae. Aliso, 8(4):465-492(1976) - Illus., chrom. nos. D'Arcy, W.G. ed. Flora of Panama by Robert E. Woodson, Jr. and Robert W. Schery and collaborators: part 9. Family 184 Compositae. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard., 62 (4) :835-1321(1975 publ. 1976) - Illus., chrom. nos., keys. (see review in this issue). Hilliard, O.M. Compositae in Natal. Pietermaritzburg, University of Natal. Press, «1977. .9xdi.6659 p. - Illus., maps, keys. Keil > Deda, Pinkavasy Dis Jc Chromosome counts and taxonomic notes for Compositae from the United States and Mexico. Amer. J. Bot. 63(10) :1393-1403(1976) - Chrom. nos. Kosten, Jnl. The Compositae of New Guinea: See B mean 231) keno —te7 1 @l 97/6) — Illus., keys. Morton, J.K. A cytological study of the Compositae (excluding Hieracium and Taraxacum) of the British Isles. Watsonia, 11(3):211-223 (1977) - Chrom. nos. Nash, D.L., Williams, L.O. Flora of Guatemala. Fieldiana, Bot..”,) ZC 2h. ac, 1603 ipep (E976) — Illus. Compositae. (see review in this issue). Rostovtseva, T.S. Chisla khromosom nekotorykh vidov sem. Asteraceae Dumort. Byull. Glavn. Bot. Sada (Moscow) , 99:34-36(1976) - Illus., chrom. nos. Visset, L. Pollens de Compositae - Asteroideae observés au microscope electronique a balayage. Beitr. Biol. Pfl., 50 (1) :137-161(1974) - (Ge); illus. 31 a2 VERNON IEAE 3,4 Jones, S.B. Jr Cytogenetics and affinities of Vernonia (Compositae) from the Mexican highlands and eastern North America. Evolution, 30(3): 4 455-462(1976) - Map, chrom. no. Robinson, H. A new species of Vernonia from Ecuador. Phytologia, 34 (3) :301-304(1976) - Illus. Robinson, H. Studies in the Liabeae (Asteraceae): 3. Notes on the genus Cacosmia. Phytologia, 34 (1) :46-52(1976) - Illus. Robinson, H. Studies in the Liabeae (Asteraceae): 8. Additions to Liabum and Munnozia. Phytologia, 35(1):37-42(1976) - Illus. Shetty, B.V., Vivekananthan, K. New and little known taxa from Anaimudi and surrounding regions, Devicolam, Kerala: 4. Notes on some rare species. Bull. Bot. Surv. India, 14(1-4) :19-23(1972 publ. 1975) - Key. Juncus effusus, Impatiens coelotropis, I. pandata, Isachne fischeri, Medinilla malabarica, Symplocos anamallayana, Tylophora subramanii, Vernonia 6 anamallica. Robinson, H. Studies in the Liabeae EUPATORI EAE (Asteraceae): 4. Additions to the genus Philoglossa. King, R.M., Robinson, H. Phytologia, 34(1):53-56(1976) - Studies in the Eupatorieae IVR. (Asteraceae):159. Additions to the genus Ayapana. Phytologia, Robinson, H. 4 34(1):57-66(1976) - Illus., key. Studies in the Liabeae (Asteraceae): 5. New Andean species of Liabum. Phytologia, 34(3) :285-300(1976) - Illus. Robinson, H. Studies in the Liabeae 4 (Asteraceae): 6. Notes on the genus Erato. Phytologia, 34(4): 378-379(1976). Robinson, H. Studies in the Liabeae (Asteraceae): 7. Additions to the genus Munnozia. Phytologia, 34 (4) :380-387(1976) - Illus. King, R.M., Robinson, H. Studies in the Eupatorieae (Asteraceae): 160. A new species of Sciadocephala from Ecuador. Phytologia, 34(4):375-377(1976) - Illus. Suldaivanie Veules Diploidy, polyploidy and agamos- permy among species of Eupatorium (Compositae). Canad. J. Bot., 54(24) :2907-2917(1976) - Illus., maps, chrom. nos. ASTEREAE Anon. A new Australian species of Olearia (Compositae). Austral. Phe Uo) sse0—se1 (1976) = Trius. 33 Moran, R. Haplopappus enormidens (Compositae), a new species from Baja California, Mexico. Phytologia, 4 34(4):371-374(1976) - Key, chrom. no. Balik, Gel, LKaAGCneEnKO, Vicor Nove mistsezrostannya Grindelia Podlech, D. squarrosa (Pursh.) Dunal. na Revision der Gattung Microcephala Ukrayini. (A new site of Grindelia Pobed. (Asteraceae). Mitt. Bot. squarrosa (Pursh.) Dunal. in the Staatssamml. Munchen, 12:655-681 Ukraine). Ukr. Bot. Zhurn., 2,6 (976) = Tiluss, maps, key: 34 (1) :92-93(1977) - (En). Turner, B.L., Hartman, R. Dress, W.J. Infraspecific categories of x Solidaster again - x S. luteus Machaeranthera pinnatifida vs. x §. hybridus (Compositae). (Compositae). Wrightia, 5(8):308-315 Baileya, 20(1):31-33(1976). 3,4 (1976) - Map, Key. Grau, J. Watanabe, K., Carter, C.R., Smith- Eine neue Art der Gattung White, S. Microglossa DC. Mitt. Bot. The cytology of Brachycome lin- Staatssamml. Munchen, 12:399- eariloba: 6. Asynchronous chromosome 401(1976) - (En). condensation and meiotic behaviour in Bs ineardlobal An =—2)) x B. Grau, J. campylocarpa A (n = 4). Chromosoma, Chromosomenzhalen von 57(4) :319-331(1976) - Illus., sudamerikanischen Haplopappus- 7 (chrome sn0S). Arten. Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. Munchen, 12:403-409(1976) - INULEAE (En, Sp); - 2lTus.> chrom: nos. Adema, F. Grau, J. De Filago vulgaris-groep in Haplopappus taeda Reiche. Nederland. Gorteria, 8(3):43-47 Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. Munchen, 1 (1976) - (En); maps, key. 12:411-415(1976) - Ge(En,Sp); illus. Kharkhote, G.I. Nove mistseznakhodzhennya 7 Grindelia squarrosa (Pursch) Dunal u Donbasi. (New occurrence of Grindelia squarrosa (Pursch) Dunal in Donbas). Ukr. Bot Zhurn., 33(5) :545-546(1976) - (En,Rus); 5 map. Anon. Helipterum manglesii and H. roseum. Growing Native Pl., no. 6:138-139 (1976) - Col. illus. Bremer, K. The genus Relhania (Compositae). Op. Bot., nos"40P°S7 "ps. -€1976) - Illus., maps, chrom. nos., keys. 34 iL 6 Gray, M. Miscellaneous notes on Australian plants: 3. Craspedia, Gnaphalium, Epacris, Tasmannia, Colobanthus and Deyeuxia. Contrib. Herb. Austral., nos. 18-26. 11 p. (1976) - Illus., keys. Weil ditteoje Croke Unser Eidelweiss. Palmengerten, 4(4) :135-137(1976) - Illus. Leontopodium alpinum. ay Naithani, B.D. Two interesting records from western Himalaya. Bull. Bot. Surv. India, 14(1-4):171(1972 publ. 1975). Leontopodium fimbrilligerun, Rhododendron nivale. Wy HELIANTHEAE Wy) Crawford, D.J. Taxonomy of Coreopsis sect. Pseudo-Agarista (Compositae) in Mexico with additional comments 4 on sectional relationships in Mexican Coreopsis. Brittonia, 28 (3) :329-336(1976) - Chrom. nos., key. Cuatrecasas, J. A new subtribe in the Heliantheae (Compositae): Espeletiinae. iL Phytologia, 35(1):43-61(1976) - Illus., key. Dasgupta, A. Chromosome studies on certain ornamental varieties of Helianthus anuus L. Bull. Bot. Soc. Bengal, 29(1):13=-19(1975) - Illus., chrom. nos. Dillon, M.O. Two new species of Flourensia (Asteraceae-Heliantheae) from north-central Mexico. Southwest. Nate 22) calito i409) GLO 7/G)) = mils.) ehrom. no's. il Biches GN. Genetics of floral color morphology in sunflowers. J. Hered., 67(4):227-230(1976) - Col. illus. Helianthus annuus. Nagl, W., Capesius, I. Endopolyploidy in Helianthus annuus (Asteraceae), a scanning cytophotometric study. Pl. Syst. Evol., 125(4) :261-268(1976) - Illus. Nagl, W., Capesium, I. Molecular and cytological characteristics of nuclear DNA and chromatin for angiosperm systematics: basic data for Helianthus annuus (Asteraceae). Pile Syst. Evol., 126(2)) 3221-237 (1976), = Titus. chrom. ‘no. Olsen, J. Re-establishment of the genus Hybridella (Asteraceae:Heliantheae). Madrofio, 24(1):29-36(1977) — Illus., map, chrom. nos., key. Opravil, E. Xanthium strumarium L. - evropsky archeofyt? (Gehort Xanthium strumarium L. zu den europaischen Archaophyten?). Acta Inst. Bot. Acad. Scisllovens uA, Lax. Geobot.., Lgs=37 (1974) - (Ge, Rus); map. Pandey, A.K. Development of seed and fruit in Eclipta erecta L. Geobios (Jodhpur), 3(6):194-195(1976) - Tiebuis= Raimondo, F.M. Nota su alcune neofite della flora siciliana. (On some neophytes of Sicilian flora). Arch. Bot. Bio- geogr. Ital., 51(3)3134-140(197/5) = (En); map. Galinsoga parviflora, Bidens bipinnata, Solanum elaeagni- folium, Boerhaavia repens, Pennisetum ruppelli, Aster squamatus. ey 3,4 Robinson, H. Studies in the Heliantheae (Asteraceae): 7. Notes on the genus Monactis. Phytologia, 34(1):33-45(1976) - Illus., keys. Ruiz-Teradn, L. Cuatro compuestas nuevas de los Andes venezolanos. Rev. Fac. Farm. Univ. Los Andes, no. 17: 1-36(1976) - Illus. Espeletia, Senecio, Rzedowski, J. Tres dicotiled6éneas Mexicanas nuevas de posible intéres ornamental. (Three new Mexican dicotyledonae of possible ornamental interest). Bol. Soc. Bot. Méx., 35:37-49(1975) - (En); illus. Montanoa gigas, Populus simaroa, Castilleja venusta. Scogin, R. Floral UV patterns and anthochlor pigments in the genus Coreopsis (Asteraceae). Aliso, 8(4) :425-427(1976). Stuessy, T.F. A systematic review of the subtribe Lagasceinae (Compositae, Heliantheae). Amer. J. Bot., 63(9):1289-1294 - Illus., chrom. nos. Tanowitz, B.D. An intersectional hybrid in Hemizonia (Compositae Madiinae). Madrofio, 24(1):55-61 (1977) - Illus., chrom. nos. 4 3,4 35 Terp6-Pomogyi, M. Vorkommen von Iva xanthiifolia Nutt. in Ungarn und ihre Empfindlich- keit gegenuber einigen Herbiziden. (V¥skyt Iva xanthiifolia Nutt. v Madarsku a jej citlivost voci herbicfdom). Acta Inst. Bot. Acad. Sci. Slov., A, Tax. Geobot., 1:127- 134(1974) - (Cz, Rus), map. Turner, B.L. New species and combinations in Sabazia (Heliantheae, Galinsoginae). Wrightia, 5(8):302-305(1976). Turners, Belic Henricksonia (Asteraceae—Coreopsid- inae), a newly discovered genus with a paleaceous pappus from north- central Mexico. Amer. J. Bot. 64(1):78-80(1977) - Illus. Turner, B.L., Powell, A.M. Taxonomy of the genus Cymophora (Asteraceae : Heliantheae). Madrofio, 24(1):1-6(1977) - Illus., map, chron. nos., key. Weber, J.H. Giant bur-sage : Franseria ambrosioides Cav., Compositae, sunflower family. Saguaroland Bull., 26(7) :82-83(1972) - Illus. HELEN ITEAE Averett, J.E., Powell, M. A new gypsophilous species of Gaillardia (Asteraceae) from Chihuahua, Mexico. Ann. Missouri Gard., 63(2):375-377(1976 Bot. pubis (197 7). LL1 Luss 36 3,4 3,4 3 Powell, A.M. A new species of Perityle (Asteraceae) from Coahuila, Mexico. Sida, 6(4):311-312(1974) - Chrom. no. Powell, A.M., Turner, B.L. New gypsophilic species of Pseudoclappia and Sartwellia (Asteraceae) from west Texas and eastern Chihuahua. Sida, 6(4): 317-320(1976) - Illus. Theroux, M.E., Pinkava, D.J., Keay Disa. A new species of Flaveria (Compositae : Flaveriinae) from Grand Canyon, Arizona. Madrono, ZAG) e797 7) —e Lusi, chrom. nos. Turner, BL. A new gypsophilous species of Gaillardia (Compositae) from Coahuila, Mexico. Wrightia, 5(8) :305-307(1976) - Illus. Tumner. Bie lies MORE siss Mes. Systematics of Palafoxia (Asteraceae:Helenieae). Rhodora, 78 (816) :567-628(1976) - Illus., maps, chrom. nos., key. Wilken, D.H. A new subspecies of Hulsea vestita (Asteraceae). Madrofio 24(1):48-55(1977) = Illus., chrom. nos. ANTHEMIDEAE Bawden, H.E. Plant portraits : Artemisia armeniaca Lam. Quart. Bull. Alp. Gard. Soc., 45(1):60-61(1977) - Illus. Borgen, L. Analysis of a hybrid swarm between Argyranthemum adauctum and A. filifolium in the Canary isilandseNorwoawue: Bot., 23 (@2):i121— i i 1 i 137(1976) - Illus. maps, chrom. nos. Dividsson, Il. Lokasj6dur, briidberg og baldursbrda. N4ttdrufraedingurinn, 45(2):134-141 (1976) - Illus. Cotula foetida. Favarger, C. Sur quelques marguerites d'Espagne et de France (étude cytotaxonomique). An. Inst. Bot. A.J. Cavanilles, 32(2):1209-1243 (1975) - (Sp); illus., map, chrom. nos. Leucanthemum. Fernandes, R.B. Identification, typification affinités et distribution géographique de quelques taxa européens du genre Anthemis L. Ano ensis-p DOE As eeGaVvaniione ss, 32(2) :1409-1488(1975) - (Sp,En); iilus.., Chuom. wos. Humphries, C.J. Evolution and endemism in Argyranthemum Webb ex Schultz Bip. (Compositae: Anthemideae). Bot. Macaronesica, 1:25-50(1976) - (Sp); illus., maps, chrom. no. Lankosz—-Mr6z, M. Karyological investigations on Tripleurospermum maritimum (AID) Koch ssp. inodorum (L.) Hyl. ex Vaarama from Poland. Acta Biol. Cracov., Bot., 19(2):93-105(1976) - Lidus..;; chrom. nos. Marchi, P., Illuminati, O. Notizie e considerazioni su i Leucanthemum (Compositae) della flora d'Italia. (News and consider- ations of the species of Leucanthemum (Compositae) growing in Italy). Ann. Bot. (Italy), 33:167-194(1974 publ. 1975) - (En); illus., chrom. nos. ey? Mieras, J. Othonna lepidocaulis. Succulenta, 55(12) :278-279(1976) - Du; illus. Nordenstam, B. Ht Scyphopappus B. Nord. is Argyranthemum Webb ex Sch. Bip. (Compositae-Anthemideae). Bot. Notiser, 129(4) :427-428(1977). JERE eal elS Zum Artenpaar Anthemis cotula L. Anthemis arvensis L. Gdttinger Flor. Rundbr., 10(3):66-69(1976) - Illus. Rao, R.R., Rao, M.K.V. On the identity of Crasso- cephalum crepidioides and Galinsoga ciliata from Mysore. Geobios (Jodhpur), 3(5) :163-164 il (1976) - Keys. Schweizer, D., Ehrendorfer, F. Giemsa banded karyotypes systematics, and evolution in Anacyclus (Asteraceae-Anthemideae) . Pl. Syst. Evol., 126(2):107-148 (1976) - Illus., chrom. nos. 132 Tarasov, V.V. Artemisia tournefortiana Rchb. - nova adventivna roslyna na Ulkrayini. (New aventive plant Artemisia tournefortiana Rchb. in the Ukraine). Ukr. Bot. Zhurn., 33(6):635(1975) - (Rus, En); illus. Wagenitz, G. Zur Bestimmung der L ucanthemum - Arten n&Urdlich der Alpen. GOttinger Flor. Rundbr., 10(4):80-85(1977) - Tiidisee (chrom nose) KEV. SENECIONEAE 6 Acebes Ginoves, J.R., Wildpret de la Torre, W. Nota sobre la presencia de Senecio multiflorus Sch. Bip., en Tenerife. 5 Fllonuse Schr eBaip)..> Vieraea, 6(1):157-162(1976) - 37] (On the presence of Senecio multi- in Tenerife). (En) a as < Anon. Fen ragwort rediscovered. Conserv. Rev., no. 13:8(1976) —- Col. illus. Senecio paludosus. Anon. Senecio lautus spp. maritimus. Growing Native Pl., no. 6:140(1976) - Ens veais. agains: Anzalone, B. Il Senecio inaequidens D.C. in lEalias (Glories BOtt. etallee.. WO): 437-438(1976). Abstract only. Jamieson, G.R., Reid, E.H., Turner, B.P., Jamieson, A.T. Bakkenolide - A: its distribution in Petasites species and cytotoxic properties. Phytochemistry, 15(11): 1713+-1715(1976). Kachura, N.N. Ontogenez i vozrastnye gruppy belokopytnika Petasites amplus Kit. (Compositae) na Sakhaline. ontogenesis and age groups of butter-bur Petasites amplus Kit. (Compositae) on Sakhalin). Bot. Zhurn., 61(10):1416-1424(1976) - Illus. (The Kaul, M.K. Senecio vulgaris Linn. - a fast spreading exotic weed of crop fields and orchards of Kashmir. Bull. Bot. Surv. India, 14(1-4) :162-163(1972 pubis, L975 )\es— Lillus. Kleiner, E. Senecio rowleyanus Jacobsen. Kakt. And. Succ. 28(2):42(1977) - Ge; illus. 38 il "Meijden, R. van der Het verspreidingsgebied van Senecio jacobaea L. var. nudus Weston. Gorteria, 8(4):57-61 (1976) - (En); map. 255 CARDUEAE Couderc, M. Origine hybride du Crupina intermedia Briq. et Cavill. In Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique. La flore du bassin méditerranéen: 531-536(1975) - Illus., chrom. nos. (27.90) os | NW Didukh, Ya. P. Novyi dlya SRSR vyd rodu Centaurea L. (A new for the USSR species of the genus Centaurea L.) Ukr. Bot. Zhurn., 2 33(4) :399-400(1976) - Uk(En. Rus); ijjus., map. C.. alpestris. Feinbrun, N. The genus Echinops in Palestine. Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh, 1=7 Borsa —245(197 pm —aislis., key. Gardou, C. Quelques vues synthétiques sur les Centaurées de la section Acrocentron (Cass.) O. Hoffm. dans la flore méditerranéenne. 1 In Centre National de la Lapshiitsy, wie Lule K poznaniyu roda Saussurea DC.: 5. (To the knowledge of the genus Saussurea. DG. 395.) a9Bot. (Zhurne. 61(10) :1430-1440(1976) - Keys. Miége, J. Horace-bénédict de Saussure botaniste. Mus. Geneve, 163:7-12 (1976) - Illus. Saussurea. Peshkova, G.A. Tri novykh vida semeistva astravykh (slozhnotsvetnykh) iz tsentral'noi Sibiri. (Three new species of the family Asteraceae (Compositae) from Central Siberia.) Bot. 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Quelques Epervieres de Maurienne. Monde Pl., no 385: 1-2(1976). Hieracium. Clement, E.J. Adventive news: 5. Recent records of Crepis tectorum L. B.S.B.1. News, no. 13:24(1976). Dol yer Eine neve Taraxacum-Sippe aus Peru. Feddes Repert., 87(7-8): 447-448(1976) - (En); illus., chrom. no. Dowive Re. Zur Kenntnis der Taraxacum- Flora des Kaukasus. Feddes Repert., 87(7-8) :449-478(1976) - (En); illus., map, chrom. nos. Dold Re Apomixis und Speziation in den Gattungen Taraxacum und Chondrilla. Feddes Repert., 87(7-8) :483-492 (1976) - (En); chrom. nos. Doll Rs Die Section Scariosa H.-M. emend. Dahlst. der Gattung Taraxacum. Feddes Repert., 87(9-10) 2553-585 (1976) - (En); illus., maps, chrom. nos. key. Guppy, G.A. The hawkweeds of British Columbia. Davidsonia, 7(2):13-17 (1976) - Illus., key. Hieracium. Guppy, G.A., Bohm, B.A. Flavonoids of five Hieracium species of British Columbia. Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 4(4):231- (234(1976). N=7! 1 ici 39 Hamlin, b.G. A new name in Sonchus for New Zealand. New Zealand J. Bot., 14(3):279(1976). Sonchus kirkii. Lepage, E. Nouveautés et extensions d'aires dans les genres Eriophorum, Spirodela, Atriplex et Hieraciun, au Québec. Nat. Canad., 103(3): 235-756 G96) Gb) re Nessler, C.L. A systematic survey of the tribe Cichorieae in Virginia. Castanea, 41(3):227-248(1976) - Maps, chrom. nos., keys. Retz, B. de Contributions 4 la connaissance de la flore hiéraciologique de la France: 4. Le genre Hieracium en Corse. Bull. Soc. Bot. France, 123'¢9)": 57 1—=579\( 1976) = (En) Richards, A.J. An account of some neotropical Taraxacum species. Rhodora 78(816): 682-706(1976) - Chrom. nos., key. Roose, M.L., Gottlieb, L.D. Genetic and biochemical consequences of polyploidy in Tragopogon. Evolution, 30(4): 818-830(1976). Selo tars, Gadlic Two new Taraxacum species (Compositae) from Karelia borealis, Eastern Finland. Mem. Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn., 52:23-27(1976) - Illus. Skalinska, M. Cytological diversity in the progeny of octoploid facultative apomicts of Hieracium aurantiacum. Acta Biol. Cracovey Botiy 19 (ix 39-46(1976) - Illus., chrom. nos. -O.H , at Leet 103 garlonoe si sammy won A xf Lt pont ez is we rin tee. guilgnod =Car} es «7 4008 ‘od ,spsqod stensdxe ts e2tusaveon emusonyolts eoxnsyg ae! anmeb muinsigtt te Povaraes ebisborige > (E) Gal. + P&IBO . 18h padsu U5 ink) = (avery: ae tel 7: * ' 25ii6'b ef oat sake td PO. vutaetoi jardiave A Bag vey oh Ses baot 2k od ras = (AV@L HAS -AA Sho) te \asnkteeo gf -eyot (.20m smoot peyem , sion af ome mobeersohes @0 2 enebt odes to 6 b supiolotseret saalt wf St su EQS ek ohh tay “Ss ~2 .5907% SoRBee. . tuk per . TH Vos (aa). — (0 0Gr) Ol eee TRIES! A ,#b26a ti PaarQCcijosny eta Ge coucoae AF 318>8. pxapbodapesshyoqe igo gkBwat ‘Ved. Bor,