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Pecten, FL. XTX.
77.
PECTEN.
Puate XIX.
Species 66. (Fig. a, 6, Mus. Cuming.)
PEcTEN PES-FELIS. ect. testd trigono-ovali, altiore quam
longd, equilaterali, subequivalvi, costis rudibus obso-
leté nodosis subdistantibus octoradiatd, costis intersti-
tiisque tenuigranosis et liratis ; fusco-rufd, luteo spar-
sim punctaté et undato-notatd ; valvi dextra palli-
diore ; auriculis valde inequalibus, verrucoso-liratis.
Tue cat’s-Foot Pecren. Shell triangularly oval, higher
than long, equilateral, nearly equivalve, rayed with
eight rather distant rude obsoletely noduled ribs ;
ribs and interstices finely grained and ridged ; brown-
red, sparingly dotted and wave-marked with yellow ;
right valve paler; ears very unequal, wart-ridged.
Ostrea pes-felis, Linneus, Syst. Nat. (12th edit.) p. 1146.
Ostrea elongata, Born.
Pecten pes-felis, Lamarck.
Pecten Bornit, Payraudeau.
Hab. Mediterranean.
The primary ribs are the same in all varieties of this
species, but there are one or two ribs more than are here
mentioned formed at the sides in some specimens,
Species 67. (Mus. Cuming.)
PECTEN SPLENDIDULUS. ect, testd subtrigono-ovali, com-
pressa, ad latera angulatd, auriculis valde inequalibus,
oblique productis, tenué squamoso-liratis, equivalvd,
costis rotundatis ad quinque et viginti muricato-squa-
matis concinne radiata, squamis lateralibus prominen-
tioribus ; intense sanguineo-rufa, rosaceo-albo ad auri-
culas et ad latera plus minus promiscue fasciata.
THE SPLENDID PgcteN. Shell somewhat triangularly
oval, compressed, angled at the sides; ears very un-
equal, obliquely produced, thinly scale-ridged ; equi-
valve, neatly rayed with twenty-five prickly scaled
rounded ribs, lateral scales the more prominent ; deep
blood-red, more or less promiscuously banded at the
ears and at the sides with pink-white.
Sowersy, Thesaurus Conch. vol. i. p. 76. pl. 20. f. 246.
Hab. Singapore.
The pale blotches on the ears and sides of this species
are characteristic.
Species 68. (Mus. Cuming.)
PECTEN ORNATUS,
pressd, interdum subdistortd, inequilaterali, equivalvi,
costis lirisque numerosis angustis, fortibus, irregulari-
bus, granulatis, peculiariter crebriradiatd ; lutescente-
albd, valvd sinistré purpureo-rufo profuse maculata,
liris duabus vel tribus centralibus fere immaculatis,
valva dextré purpurascente versus marginem tincta.
THE ORNAMENTED PecreEN. Shell somewhat triangularly
ovate, compressed, sometimes a little distorted, in-
equilateral, equivalve, peculiarly closely rayed with
numerous irregular, strong, narrow, granuled ridges ;
yellowish-white, left valve profusely spotted with
purple-red, two or three of the central ridges being
almost unspotted, right valve tinged with purple to-
wards the margin.
Lamarck, Anim. sans vert. (Deshayes’ edit.) vol. vil.
p- 150.
Hab. Barbadoes.
Pect. testé subtrigono-ovata, com-
This is a very characteristic species, remarkable for the
strong laterally compressed irregular development of the
ribs and ridges, and in the distribution of colouring mat-
ter, which generally leaves two or three of the central ribs
more or less without colour. M. Deshayes has madvert-
ently repeated this name in reference to a fossil species.
Species 69. (Mus. Cuming.)
PrEcTEN CRUENTATUS. ect. testé subtrigono-orbiculari,
altiore quam longi, equilaterali, equivalvi, costis ad
septem et viginti, plano-convewis, confertis, centralibus
latioribus, obsolete arcuatim striatis radiata ; intense
coccineo-rufa, albido hic illic sparsim maculata ; auri-
culis valdé inequalibus, obliquis, posticis brevissimis.
THE BLOOD-RED PecteNn. Shell somewhat triangularly
orbicular, higher than long, equilateral, equivalve,
rayed with about twenty-seven flatly convex close-
set ribs, the central being regularly broader; deep
scarlet-red, sparingly spotted here and there with
white; ears very unequal, oblique, posterior ears
very short.
Pecten sanguineus, Sowerby (not of Gmelin).
Hab. Cape Upstart, North Australia; Jukes.
The shell noticed by Mr. Sowerby as a dark variety of
April, 1853.
PECTEN.—Puate XIX.
this species, and represented in the plate which follows
Fig. 76, is certainly distinct.
Species 70. (Mus. Cuming.)
PECTEN OBLITERATUS. ect. testd orbiculari, tenuiculd,
compressé, utrinque paululum hiante, equilaterali,
aquivalvi, extus levigatd, nitente, intus creberrime
radiatim liraté ; purpurascente - sanguined, radiata,
valvd dextré pallidiore.
THE woRN PEcTEN. Shell orbicular, rather thin, com-
pressed, a little gaping at the sides, equilateral, equi-
valve, smooth and shining without, very closely ra-
diately ribbed within; purplish-blood colour, right
valve paler.
Ostrea obliterata, Linnzeus, Syst. Nat. (12th edit.) p. 1146.
Pecten obliteratus, Lamarck.
Hab, China.
Allied to P. Lawrentii and pleuronectes, but uniformly
distinct from either of those species.
Species 71. (Mus. Cuming.)
Pecten tivipus. ect. testi subguadrato-ovata, altiore
quam longa, subirregulari, equilateral, equivalvr,
costis creberrimé foliaceo-squamatis decem aut duode-
cim cum minoribus interpositis irregulariter radiata,
interstitiis liratis; eupreo-fuscd, costis majoribus luteis,
lineis tenuibus fulgetris albis circa umbones ; auriculis
inequalibus, grandibus, obliquis.
Tue tivip Prcoten. Shell somewhat squarely ovate,
higher than long, rather irregular, equilateral, equi-
valve, irregularly rayed with ten or twelve very
closely foliaceous scaled ribs, with small ribs inter-
vening, interstices ribbed ; coppery-brown, the larger
ribs yellow, with fine whitish zigzag lines around the
umboes; ears unequal, large, oblique.
Lamarck, Anim. sans vert. (Deshayes’ edit.) vol. vii.
p- 154.
?
Hab.
This species has a close affinity with P. squamosus,
although the sculpture is so much more strongly deve-
loped.
Pectew, PL. XX.
nie \
Zn \\\
Sowerby, dit et htt
PECTEN.
Puate XX.
Species 72. (Mus. Cuming.)
Proten Brust. Pect. testa subtrigono-orbiculari, sub-
contorta, equilaterali, equivalvi, profuse irregulariter
squamato-costata et liratd ; fusco-purpured, albo versus
umbonem sparsim tinctd, valvd dextraé pallidiore, costis
lirisque parviusculis ; auriculis valde inequalibus.
Brun’s Pecten. Shell somewhat triangularly orbicular,
a little twisted, equilateral, equivalve, profusely irre-
gularly squamately ribbed and ridged ; brown-purple,
sparingly blotched with white towards the umboes,
right valve paler, with the ribs and ridges rather
smaller; ears very unequal.
PayRauDEAU, Cat. Moll. de Corse, p. 78.
Hab. Mediterranean.
Of somewhat contorted growth, very closely irregularly
rayed with scaly ribs and ridges.
Species 73. (Mus. Cuming.)
PecteN unpuLatus. ect. testé trigono-ovatd, equila-
terali, subequivalvi, subtilissime granulosa, costis quin-
que ad sea subdistantibus radiata, costis valve sinistre
subnodosis, interstitiis latis, tenuiliratis, costis valve
dextre latis et tenuiliratis, interstitiis levioribus ;
valved sinistra coccineo-rufa, albo sparsim maculata, in-
tus purpureo-rosed, dextrd alba, versus wmbonem pur-
pureo-rosed ; auriculis valdé inequalibus,
THE WAVED Prcren. Shell triangularly ovate, equila-
teral, nearly equivalve, very finely granuled, rayed
with five to six rather distant ribs, ribs of the left
valve subnodose, the interstices being broad and
finely ridged, ribs of the right valve broad and finely
ridged, the interstices being smoother; left valve
scarlet-red, sparingly spotted with white, purple-rose
within, right valve white, purple-rose towards the
umbo; ears very unequal.
SowersBy, Thesaurus Conch. vol. i. p. 60. pl. 19. f. 206
and 207.
Hab. Mediterranean.
It is doubtful whether this is anything more than a va-
riety of that extremely variable and widely distributed
European species, P. Danicus.
Species 74. (Mus. Cuming.)
Precren Sincarorinus. Peet. testd orbiculari, valdé com-
pressa, equilaterali, equivalvi, costis ad duabus et vi-
ginti subangustis rotundatis elevatis radiata, intersti-
tiis excavatis, pulcherrimé concentrice striatis ; albida
vel rufescente-aurantid, cinereo-nigricante plus minus
nebulatd, costarum interstitiis eacavatis plurimum albis ;
auriculis subgrandibus, tenuibus, inequalibus.
Tue Sincapore Prcren. Shell orbicular, very com-
pressed, equilateral, equivalve, rayed by about twenty-
two rather narrow rounded raised ribs, interstices
excavated, very beautifully concentrically striated ;
whitish or reddish-orange, more or less clouded with
ash-black, interstices between the ribs excavated,
mostly white; ears rather large, thin, unequal.
Sowxrsy, Thesaurus Conch. vol. i. p. 74. pl. 13. f. 55,
and pl. 14. f. 71.
Hab. Singapore.
Remarkable for its compressed and very regular growth,
strongly and numerously ribbed, with the interstices neatly
closely striated across.
Species 75. (Mus. Cuming.)
PECTEN ASPERRIMUS. Pect. testé tenuiculd, suborbiculari,
subequilaterali, equivalvi, costis quinque et viginti
angulatis, confertis, undigue subtiliter scabroso-liratis
radiata, fusco-rufescente, immaculata ; auriculis in-
e@qualibus, obliquis.
THE VERY ROUGH PrEcTEN. Shell rather thin, suborbi-
cular, nearly equilateral, equivalve, rayed with twenty-
five close-set angled ribs, finely scale-ridged through-
out, brown-red, unspotted ; ears unequal, oblique.
Lamarck, Anim. sans vert (Deshayes’ edit.) vol. vii. p. 145.
Hab. Van Diemen’s Land.
The ribs are broad at the base, and adjoin without any
intermediate groove. They are then angled to a keel at
the summit, and are finely scale-ridged all over.
Species 76. (Mus. Cuming.)
PECTEN LENTIGINOSUS. ect. testa subtrigono-oblonga,
altiore quam longd, compressiusculd, subequilateralt,
aquivalvi, costis angulatis foliaceo-squamatis ad duabus
April, 1853.
PECTEN.—Ptuate XX.
et viginti radiata ; albidd, nigro lentiginosd, umbonibus
purpureo-rufis, intus livido-fumed ; auriculis inequa-
hibus.
THE FRECKLED PrcreNn. Shell somewhat triangular-ob-
long, higher than long, rather compressed, nearly
equilateral, equivalve, rayed with about twenty-two
foliaceous-scaled angular ridges; whitish, freckled
with black, umboes purple-red, interior of a livid
smoky hue; ears unequal.
Hab. \sland of Ticao, Philippines (under stones at low
water); Cuming.
This is the shell figured and described by Mr. Sowerby
as a variety of P. sanguineus, but it differs from that species
in the following important particulars. The posterior ears
are less obliquely shortened, and the ribs are less nume-
rous, while they are angled and foliaceous-scaled.
Species 77. (Mus. Cuming.)
PECTEN TIGRIS. ect. testa oblique subtrigond, tenuiculd,
mequilaterali, vie equivalod, valvd dextraé convemiore ;
decemcostatd, costis interstitiisyue undique radiatim
liratis et subtilissimé granulatis ; croceo-albdé, valvd
simistra rufo-nigro concentrice undato-strigatd, dextra
sparsim maculaté, umbonibus croceis ; auriculis valde
inequalibus.
THE TIGER PecTEN. Shell obliquely subtriangular, rather
thin, inequilateral, scarcely equivalve, the right valve
being more convex, ten-ribbed ; ribs and interstices
radiately ridged and very finely granulated through-
out ; yellow-white, left valve concentrically wave-
streaked with red-black, right valve sparingly spotted,
umboes yellow; ears unequal.
Lamarck, Anim. sans vert. (Deshayes’ edit.)vol. vii. p. 141.
Hab. Philippine Islands ; Cuming.
The yellow colouring which characterizes this species is
more or less strongly stained through into the interior.
Species 78. (Mus. Cuming.)
PEcTEN PRUNUM. ect. testd suborbiculari, subcompressd,
aequilaterali, equivalvd, costis liratis octodecim, undi-
que pulcherrime foliaceo-squamatis, radiata ; purpuras-
cente-carned, albo hic illic sparsim lentiginosd ; aitri-
culis inequalibus, nitide et profuse squamatis.
THE PLUM-COLOURED PEcTEN. Shell nearly orbicular,
rather compressed, equilateral, equivalve, rayed with
eighteen ridged ribs, which are very beautifully folia-
ceous-scaled throughout; purplish-flesh, sparingly
freckled here and there with white; ears unequal,
neatly and profusely scaled.
Hab. Moreton Bay, Australia; Strange.
A very elaborately sculptured species, allied to P. as-
perrimus, from which it differs chiefly in the ribs being
broader and more rounded, more highly scaled, and fewer
in number. It is delicately tinged throughout with a
plum-like bloom.
Pecterv, PU XL.
¥F. Reeve, ump.
ae
PECTEN.
Prats XXI.
Species 79. (Mus. Cuming.)
Prcten imBricatus. Pect. testd subtrigono-ovatd, sub-
aquilaterali, auriculis valde inequalibus, inequivalvi,
valvd dextra convexiore, valvis ambabus novemcostatis,
costis subangustis, tuberculis peculiariter globoso-forni-
catis ornatis ; opaco-albd, valvd sinistraé maculis per-
paucis intense roseis ornatd, valvarum facie interna
croced, prope marginem violaced.
THE IMBRICATED PEcTEN. Shell somewhat triangularly
ovate, nearly equilateral, ears very unequal, inequi-
valve, right valve more convex, both valves nine-
ribbed, ribs rather narrow, ornamented with pecu-
larly globosely-arched tubercles; opake-white, left
valve ornamented with a few deep rose spots, in-
terior of the valves saffron-yellow, violet towards the
margin.
Ostrea imbricata, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. p. 3318.
An eadem? Ostrea sauciata, Gmelin.
Hab. Red Sea.
Remarkably characterized by the swollen vaulted scales
gracefully drooping over towards the margin.
Species 80. (Fig. a, 6, Mus. Cuming.)
Proten Layarpt.
a@qualibus, obliquis, equilaterali, subequivalvi, valvd
sinistrad subconvexiore, valvis costis duabus et viginti,
ad latera subsquamatis, radiatis ; croced aut violaced,
saturate hic illic marmoratd.
Layarn’s Pecrrn. Shell nearly orbicular, ears unequal,
oblique, equilateral, nearly equivalve, left valve rather
the more convex, valves rayed with twenty-two ribs
a little squamate at the sides; saffron-yellow or vio-
let, marbled here and there darker.
Hab. Ceylon; Layard.
Pect. testd suborbiculari, auriculis in-
An interesting new species, brought from Ceylon by
Mr. Layard, after whom, at the request of Mr. Cuming,
T have the honour to name it.
Species 81. (Mus. Cuming.)
PrcteN sENATORIUS. ect. testd orbiculari, subdepressi,
equilaterali, subequivalvi, valvd deatré subpland, val-
vis costis viginti ad quatuor et viginti obtuse serratis
confertis radiatis ; miniaceo-rufa, albo nigro-nebulato
hic illic marmoratd ; auriculis inequalibus.
THE SENATOR’s PecTEN. Shell orbicular, somewhat de-
pressed, equilateral, nearly equivalve, right valve
rather flat, valves rayed by twenty to twenty-four
close-set obtusely-serrated ribs ; vermilion-red, mar-
bled here and there with black-clouded white; ears
unequal.
Ostrea senatoria, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. p. 3327.
Ostrea porphyrea, Gmelin.
Pallium porphyreum, Chemnitz.
Hab. Moluccas, ete.
A richly coloured species, of simple character and ex-
tremely symmetrical growth.
Species 65. (Fig. c, Mus. Cuming.)
A richly coloured orange variety of P. sguamosus, re-
ferred to at Pl. XVIII.
Species 82. (Mus. Cuming.)
Prcten squamatus. ect. testd subtrigono-orbiculari,
tenui, irregulari, inequilaterali, subequivalvi, com-
pressd, valvis costis septem aut pluribus, distanter
squamatis, radiata, costarum interstitis plus minus
latis, obscure liratis ; albidd, fuscescente-carneo tinctd ;
auriculis subequalibus,
Tub squamMaTe Prcren. Shell somewhat triangularly
orbicular, thin, irregular, inequilateral, nearly equi-
valve, compressed, valves rayed with seven or more
distantly scaled ribs, interstices between the ribs
more or less broad, obscurely ridged; whitish,
stained with light brown-flesh ; ears nearly equal.
Ostrea squamata, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. p. 3329.
Hab. St. Nicolas, Island of Zebu, Philippines; Cuming.
The growth of this species is very irregular, the ridges
in the under valve being partially developed here and
there into scaled ribs.
Species 83. (Mus. Cuming.)
Precten raputa. Peet. testdé subtrigono-ovata, altiore
May, 1853.
PECTEN.—Puate XXI.
quam longa, crassiusculd, compressa, undique peculia-
riter scabrd, concentrice undato-lineatd, equilaterali,
subaquivalvi, valvd dentra convexiore, valvis costis sul-
catis duodecim fortiter radiatis ; flavicante, valvd si-
nistra rufo-nigro maculata.
Tue GRATER Prcren. Shell somewhat triangularly
ovate, higher than long, rather thick, compressed,
peculiarly rough throughout, concentrically wave-
lined, equilateral, nearly equivalve, right valve the
more convex, valves strongly rayed with twelve
grooved ribs; yellowish, left valve spotted with red-
black.
Ostrea radula, Linneeus, Syst. Nat. p. 1145.
Ostrea maculosa ? Gmelin.
Hab. Philippine Islands; Cuming.
The left valve of this well-known species is peculiarly
compressed at the umbo.
Pecten, Pl. XAT |
F Reeve
PECTEN.
Prate XXII.
Species 84. (Mus. Cuming.)
PrECTEN ROsEO-PUNCTATUS. ect. testi subtrigono-ob-
longd, flabelliformi, equilaterali, equivalvi, valvis ra-
diatim dens? acute liratis, costis tumidis subtuberculatis
obsolete radiata, undique sub lente minutissimé serrata;
albd, valvd sinistra pulcherrime roseo-punctatd ; auri-
culis valde inequalibus.
THE ROSE-DOTTED Prcren. Shell somewhat triangu-
larly oblong, fan-shaped, equilateral, equivalve, valves
radiately densely sharply ridged, obsoletely rayed
with five slightly tuberculated swollen ribs, beneath
the lens very minutely serrated ; white, left valve
very beautifully dotted with rose; ears very unequal.
Hab. Moluccas.
A delicate marble-white shell, of somewhat rude growth,
thickly dotted on the upper valve with bright rose.
Species 85. (Mus. Cuming.)
PEcTEN FUNEBRIS. ect. testé subtrigono-ovatd, altiore
quam longd, subaequilaterali, equivalvi, valvis costis
quingue et viginti, undique irregulariter squamatis, ra-
diatis ; flavescente-nigricante, vel intense fumeo-fuscd,
albo partim maculaté ; auriculis valde inequalibus.
Tur mMourNING Prcren. Shell somewhat triangularly
ovate, higher than long, nearly equilateral, equivalve,
valves rayed with five-and-twenty ribs, regularly
scaled throughout; yellowish-black or deep smoky-
brown, partially mottled with white; ears very un-
equal.
Hab. Bathurst, Australia.
Beautifully characterized by its very neat and profuse
arrangement of scales.
Species 86. (Mus. Cuming.)
PrecTEN mintacEus. ect. testé subtrigono-ovati, gibbo-
siusculd, equilaterali, equivalvi, valvis costis octo et
viginti obtuse serratis radiatis ; intense miniaced, pal-
lide sparsim marmoratéd ; auriculis valde inequalibus.
THE VERMILION Proten. Shell somewhat triangularly
ovate, rather gibbous, equilateral, equivalve, valves
rayed with eight-and-twenty obtusely serrated ribs ;
deep vermilion, sparingly faintly marbled; ears very
unequal.
Hab. ?
A very richly-coloured species, with the ribs close-set,
rather appressed, and bluntly serrated.
Species 87. (Mus. Cuming.)
Prcren ustuLatus. ect. testd trigono-orbiculari, cras-
siusculd, equilaterali, equivalvi, valvis costis tribus ad
quatuor et viginti obtuse distanter serratis radiatis ;
ustulato-rufd, versus umbones aurantid ; auriculis sub-
aqualibus, tenuisguamatis.
Tue scorncHEeD Prcten. Shell triangularly orbicular,
rather thick, equilateral, equivalve, valves rayed with
twenty-three to twenty-four obtusely distantly ser-
rated ribs; burnt red, orange towards the umboes ;
ears nearly equal, finely scaled.
fab. Australia.
A fine new species, of rather solid growth, simply cha-
racterized.
Species 88. (Fig. a, 6, Mus. Cuming.)
Pecten Dinrrenpacui. ect. testé subtrigond, prope
umbones utrinque peculiariter tmpresso-plicatd, equi-
laterali, subequivalvi, valvis sepée irregularibus, pro-
fuse radiatim lineatis et liratis, lineis lirisque undique
anguste squamatis ; rufescente-fuscd aut violaced ; au-
riculis valdé inequalibus.
Dinrrensacu’s Pecren. Shell subtriangular, peculiarly
impressly plicated on both sides near the umboes,
equilateral, nearly equivalve, valves often irregular,
profusely radiately lineated and ridged, the lines and
ridges everywhere narrowly squamate ; reddish-brown
or violet ; ears very unequal.
Gray, App. Dieffenbach’s New Zealand.
Hab. New Zealand.
Distinguished among other characters by a peculiarly
impressed flexuous growth beneath the front ear.
Species 89. (Mus. Cuming.)
PecTeN nNucLEus. ect. testd oblongo-orbiculari, crassi-
May, 1853.
PECTEN.—Ptate XXII.
usculd, gibbosd, equilaterali, subaquivalvi, viginti-cos- | narrow, of the right valve broad, close-set, and ob-
tatd, costis valve sinistre fortibus, elevatis, angustis, tuse, left valve marbled with ash-black and white,
dextrae latis, confertis, obtusis, valvd sinistra cinereo- right valve whitish ; ears short, nearly equal.
nigricante alboque marmorata, deatra albidd ; auriculis | Born, Mus. Vind. p. 107. Wb Te tis
brevibus, subequalibus. Hab. Cumana, Venezuela.
TEE Ree ete, a ete are This appears to be always distinguishable from P. gib-
ae ; : é : bosus, though closely allied to it.
ribbed, ribs of the left valve strong, elevated, and
Lecten, PL.XXM.
¥. Reeve imp
Sowerby, del et Hth
PECTEN.
Priate XXIII.
Species 90. (Mus. Cuming.)
PecTeN RuBIDUS. ect. testé suborbiculari, tenuiculd,
aquilaterali, inequivalvi, valvd dextré planiore, valvis
ambabus densé irregulariter costatis, sulcatis, et liratis;
alba, liris subtiliter granulato-serratis, liris valve si-
nistre evimie roseis ; auriculis valde inequalibus.
THe RUDDY Prcren. Shell somewhat orbicular, rather
thin, equilateral, inequivalve, right valve the flatter,
both valves densely irregularly ribbed, grooved, and
ridged; white, ridges finely granulately serrated,
ridges of the left valve delicate rose; ears very un-
equal.
Hinps, Zool. Voy. Sulphur, Moll. p. 61 pl. 17 f. 5.
Hab. Alashka, North-west America, at thirty - three
fathoms ; Hinds.
An extremely delicate and characteristic species, allied
in some respects to P. Lslandicus.
Species 91. (Mus. Cuming.)
Proten Reever. Peet. testé orbiculari, subequilaterali,
aquivalvi, viginti-costatd, costis latiusculis, elevatis, con-
fertis, lineis concentricis minuté densissimé decussatis ;
alba, intense carmineo et violascente tincta et variegata ;
auriculis equalibus.
Reeve’s Prcten. Shell orbicular, nearly equilateral,
equivalve, twenty-ribbed, ribs rather broad, raised,
close-set, minutely very thickly decussated with con-
centric lines ; white, stained and variegated with deep
carmine and violet; ears equal.
Apams, Moll. Voy. Samarang, p. 73. pl. 21. f. 10a, 6.
Hab. China.
Peculiar in form and sculpture, and brilliantly varie-
gated with crimson and violet.
Species 92. (Mus. Cuming.)
Pecren souaris. ect. testé orbiculari, subflabelliformi,
@quilaterali, subequivalvi, ad umbones et prope mar-
ginem compressa, valvis costis sexdecim ad octodecim
radiatis, costis latiusculis, viw elevatis, ad latera plus
minus obsoletis, striis concentricis ubigue nitidé decus-
satis; alba, fusco-rubro varié tinctd et maculata ; au-
riculis equalibus.
THE sun PecrEn. Shell orbicular, somewhat fan-shaped,
equilateral, nearly equivalve, compressed at the um-
boes and near the margin, valves rayed with sixteen
to eighteen ribs, ribs rather broad, but slightly raised,
more or less obsolete at the sides, neatly decussated
everywhere with concentric strie; white, variously
stained and mottled with brown-red ; ears equal.
Born, Mus. Cees. Vind. pl. 6. f. 4.
Hab. Macassar and China.
A peculiarly compressed species, variously painted but
always with one idea of pattern.
Species 93. (Mus. Cuming.)
PrctEN spectrum. Pect. testd orbiculari, subaltiore quam
longd, tenuiculd, subirregulari, equilaterali, equivalvi,
valvis levigatis, aut sub lente minutissimée decussata,
decemcostatis, costis plus minus obsoletis et irregulari-
bus ; albida, valvd sinistrd olivaceo-fusco pallide tinctd,
prope umbonem maculata ; auriculis grandibus, equa-
libus.
Tue GHost Pecten. Shell orbicular, rather higher than
long, rather thin, somewhat irregular, equilateral,
equivalve, valves smooth, or, beneath the lens, very
minutely decussated, ten-ribbed, ribs more or less
obsolete and irregular; whitish, left valve faintly
stained with olive-brown, spotted near the umbo;
ears large, equal.
Hab, Australia.
A broad-spread thin species, of irregular growth, indis-
tinetly coloured except near the umboes.
May, 1853.
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PECTEN.
Prats XXIV.
Species 94. (Fig. 94a and 95, Mus. Cuming.)
PrectEn cunnatus. ect. testd ovatd, altiore quam longd,
aquilaterali, equivalvi, valvis versus marginem com-
pressis, densissimé radiatim Liratis et striatis, liris plus
minus obtuse serratis ; colore varid, interdum rufo-au-
rantid nigro sparsim variegatd, interdum nigricante-
fused luteo variegata ; auriculis valde inequalibus.
THE WEDGE-LIKE PecTrEeN. Shell ovate, higher than
long, equilateral, equivalve, valves compressed to-
wards the margin, very thickly radiately ridged and
striated, ridges more or less obtusely serrated ; colour
various, sometimes reddish-orange variegated spa-
ringly with black, sometimes blackish-brown varie-
gated with yellow ; ears very unequal.
Hab. Moluccas.
It should be observed that the numbers of this charac-
teristic new species in the plate are No. 94a and 95. The
Tig. 944 refers to the following species.
Species 95. (Hig. 944, Mus. Cuming.)
PECTEN ALBO-LINEATUS.
compressa, equilateral, equvalvi, quinque et viginti-
Pect. testé subtrigono-ovali,
costatd, costis angustis, elevatis, serratis, interstitiis
peculiariter excavatis ; albidd, costis nigro-olivaceis,
quingue radiatim pallidioribus, maculis parvis opaco-
albis undique peculiariter aspersis ; auriculis valde in-
aqualibus.
THE WHITE-LINED Prcren. Shell somewhat triangu-
larly ovate, compressed, equilateral, equivalve, twenty-
five-ribbed, ribs narrow, raised, serrated, interstices
peculiarly excavated ; whitish, ribs black-olive, five
radiately paler, peculiarly sprinkled throughout with
small opake- “hite spots; ears very unequal.
SoweErsy, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1842.
Hab. Island of Guimaras, Philippines; Cuming.
The ribs of this species are particularly narrow and
raised, dark-coloured, while the interstices are light, and
slashed about with opake-white marks.
Species 96. (Fig. a, 6, Mus. Cuming.)
Prcren pyxipatus. ect. testd semiglobosd, equilaterali,
inequivalvi, quingue et viginti-costatd, valvd sinistrd
pland vel subconcavi, costis subangustis, angulatis,
valva deatra ventricosissimd, costis latiusculis, convevis,
perpaucis medio versus marginem sulcatis ; valvd sinis-
trad cinereo-nigra, albo sparsim maculata, dextrd alba
vel carneo-cinerascente ; auriculis equalibus.
THE BOX-LIKE PEcTEN. Shell semiglobose, equilateral,
inequivalve, twenty-five-ribbed, left valve flat or sub-
concave, ribs rather narrow, angled, right valve ex-
tremely ventricose, ribs rather broad, convex, a few
grooved down the middle towards the margin; left
valve ash-black, blotched here and there with white,
right valve white, sometimes tinged with flesh-ash ;
ears equal.
Born, Mus. Cees. Vind. pl. 6. f. 5 and 6.
Ostrea sulcata, Gmelin.
Hab. China, Australia, Philippine Islands.
Distinguished among other characters by a peculiar
livid flesh-ash hue.
Species 97. (Mus. Cuming.)
Prcten Fapricti.
compresso-converd, subequilaterali, equivalri, valvis
liris valde irregularibus densé radiatis, sulcis peculia-
riter granulato-reticulatis ; valvd sinistrad pallide ro-
seo et aurantio tinctdé et concentricée fasciatd, dextra
albé ; auriculis subaqualibus.
Fapricius’ Pecren. Shell ovate, higher than long,
compressly convex, nearly equilateral, equivalve,
valves thickly rayed with very irregular ridges, the
grooves between which are peculiarly grain-reticu-
lated; left valve tinged and concentrically banded
with light rose and orange, night valve white; ears
nearly equal.
Puixrprt, Abbild. und Besch. Conch. Pecten, p.3. pl. 1. £.5.
Hab. Greenland.
Pect. testa ovata, altiore quam longa,
The ridges are very irregular in width, and the grooves,
which are sharply cut, are curiously grain-reticulated.
Some of the smaller ridges are squamately serrated near
the margin.
Species 98. (Mus. Cuming.)
PECTEN SANGUINOLENTUS. ect. testd subtrigond, altiore
quam longa, equilaterali, subequivalvi, valvis convexo-
tumidis, undique peculiariter muricato-squamosis, costis
maximis novem radiatis, interstitiis profunde excavatis ;
alba, intense carmineo tincté et maculata, precipue ad
costas ; auriculis inequalibus.
THE BLOOD-STAINED PEcTEN. Shell somewhat triangu-
lar, higher than long, equilateral, nearly equivalve,
valves convexly tumid, peculiarly prickly squamate
throughout, rayed with nine very large ribs, inter-
stices deeply excavated ; white, stained and spotted,
chiefly on the ribs, with rich carmine; ears unequal.
Ostrea sanguinolenta, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. p. 3322.
Pecten sanguinolentus, Sowerby.
Hab. Red Sea.
This very rare and characteristic species is of a peculiar
tumid triangular form, curiously prickly-scaled through-
out.
May, 18538.
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PECTEN.
PLATE XXV.
Species 99. (Mus. Cuming.)
PECTEN cRIsTULARIS. ect. testé orbiculari, compressius-
culd, subequilaterali, equivalvi, valvis costis quingue
et viginti, plano-convexis, anticis muricato-squamosis,
radiatis ; albidd, intense carneo-rufo maculata et tenu-
issime concentrice lineata ; auriculis inequalibus, squa-
mis prominentibus cristatis.
Tur cresteD PEcTEN. Shell orbicular, rather com-
pressed, nearly equilateral, equivalve, valves rayed
with five-and-twenty flatly convex ribs, of which the
anterior are prickly-scaled; whitish, blotched and
very finely concentrically lineated with very dark
flesh-red ; ears unequal, crested with prominent scales.
Apams and Rerve, Zool. Voy. Samarang, Mollusca, p. 74.
jal, Wile at, WS
Hab, Hastern Seas.
Of a peculiar dark flesh-red or blood-brown colouring,
gently prickly-scaled on the anterior side, and prominently
scaled at the upper edge of the anterior ear.
Species 100. (Mus. Cuming.)
PECTEN MOLLITUS.
altiore quam longd, compressa, tenui, semipellucidd,
Pect. testé suborbiculari, paululum
aquilaterali, equivalvi, radiatim undique densé subtilis-
sime serrato-striatd ; albidd aut lutescente, pellucido-
roseo concentrice tinctd, punctis numerosis fuscescentibus
aspersd ; auriculis peculiariter inequalibus.
THE DELICATE PEcTEN. Shell nearly orbicular, a little
higher than long, compressed, thin, semitransparent,
equilateral, equivalve, radiately densely very finely
serrately striated throughout; whitish or yellowish,
concentrically stained with transparent rose, and
sprinkled throughout with light brownish dots; ears
peculiarly unequal.
Hab. Japan.
This, as will be seen by the above description, is an
extremely characteristic species ; delicate in its substance,
sculpture, and colouring, and quite distinct from any
hitherto known.
Species 101. (Mus. Cuming.)
PEcTEN MILES. eect. testd orbiculari, equilaterali, aqui-
valvi, valvis rude et irregulariter decemcostatis, costis
alternatim majoribus, costis interstitiisyue undique te-
nuiliratis ; intus extusque miniaceo-rufa, immaculata ;
auriculis equalibus.
Tux sotprer Pecten. Shell orbicular, equilateral, equi-
valve, valves rudely and irregularly ten-ribbed, ribs
alternately larger, ribs and interstices finely ridged
throughout; vermilion-red within and without, un-
spotted ; ears equal.
Hab, Java.
Conspicuously ribbed, but the ribs are developed with
great irregularity; now broad or narrow, now single or
duplicate.
Species 102. (Fig. a, 4, Mus. Cuming.)
PECTEN VARIUS.
@quilaterali, subequivalvi, valwvis costis triginta ad
Pect. testé ovata, altiore quam longa,
quinque et triginta acute radiatis, costis plus minus
squamatis, squamis subdistantibus, interdum promiscué
porrectis ; colore vario; auriculis valdé inequalibus,
squamatis.
THE MANY-cOLOURED Prcren. Shell ovate, higher
than long, equilateral, nearly equivalve, valves sharply
rayed with thirty to five-and-thirty ribs, ribs narrow,
more or less squamate, scales rather distant, some-
times promiscuously stretched out; colour various ;
ears very unequal, squamate.
Ostrea varia, Linneus, Syst. Nat. (12th edit.) p. 1146.
Varieties—Ostrea muricata, punctata, ochroleuca, mus-
telina, flammea, incarnata, and versicolor, Gmelin.
Hab. Seas of Europe.
Extremely variable in colour, and also in the number
of ribs, but always distinguished by a constant peculi-
arity of form and sculpture.
Species 103. (Fig. a, 6, Mus. Cuming.)
Pecten Avstratis. Pect. testd orbiculari, interdum
subventricosd, vix equilaterali, equivalvi, valvis costis
quatuor et viginti radiatis, costis peculiariter trifariam
divisis et densé tenuiserratis ; nigricante-violaced vel
aurantio-rosed, immaculatd ; auriculis inequalibus.
Tue AusTraLiaN Prcren. Shell orbicular, sometimes
rather ventricose, scarcely equilateral, equivalve,
valves rayed with four-and-twenty ribs, which are
peculiarly three-divided and densely finely serrated ;
blackish-violet or orange-rose, unspotted; ears un-
equal.
SowerBy, Thesaurus Conch. vol. i. p. 76. pl. 19. f. 210
and 220.
Hab. Mouth of the Swan River, Australia.
The tripartite division of the ribs is a very striking
peculiarity in this species.
May, 1853.
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Pecten, FLXXVT.
by, del et hd F.Reeve imp
yerbvy, ael ev hth
PECTEN.
Piate XXVI.
Species 104. (Mus. Cuming.)
PECTEN MIRIFICUS.
liformi, tenuiculd, equilaterali, inequivalvi, valvd si-
Pect. testa trigono-orbiculari, flabel-
nistraé concavo-pland, costis quinque distantibus grandi-
squamatis radiatis, costd esquamatd prope marginem
intercurrente, valod dextrd convexd, decemcostatd, cos-
tis ad summitatem angustis et obtuse muricatis ; vivide
carmined, aurco-luteo lentiginosd, ad umbones pallidiore ;
auriculis subequalibus.
THE STRANGE PecTEeN. Shell triangularly orbicular, fan-
shaped, rather thin, equilateral, inaquivalve, left
valve coneavely flattened, rayed with five distant
large-scaled ribs, with a scaleless rib between them
near the margin, right valve convex, ten-ribbed, ribs
narrow and obtusely prickly along the summit;
bright carmine, freckled with golden-yellow, paler at
the umboes ; ears nearly equal.
Hab. Amboyna.
A very singular species, remarkably distinct from any
hitherto described.
Species 105. (Mus. Cuming.)
PECTEN AURANTIACUS. ect. testa subtrigono-orbiculari,
paululum altiore quam longa, valde compressd, equi-
laterali, subequivalvi, valved sinistrad planatd, dextraé
leviter convead, ambabus undique tenuiliratis et dense
minutissime squamatis, costis quatuordecim rotundatis,
interstitiis angustis, profundis, radiatis ; pallideé roseo,
luteo, et vivide aurantio pulcherrimé marmoratd ; au-
riculis subaqualibus.
THE ORANGE-COLOURED PrctTEeN. Shell somewhat tri-
angularly orbicular, a little higher than long, very
compressed, equilateral, nearly equivalve, left valve
flat, right valve slightly convex, both everywhere
finely ridged and densely very minutely scaled, and
rayed with fourteen rounded ribs, the interstices be-
tween which are narrow and deep; very beautifully
marbled with pale rose, yellow, and bright orange ;
ears nearly equal.
Apamsand Reevs, Zool, Voy. Samarang, Mollusca, p. 74.
plee2ilents 12:
Hab. China Sea.
Richly coloured and very beautifully minutely sculp-
tured. .
Species 106. (Mus. Cuming.)
Precten tinctus. ect. testd trigono-ovatd, altiore quai
longd, via equilaterali, equivalwi, valvis undique ra-
diatim densé fortiter liratis, liris subirregularibus, ut
plurimum binis, serratis ; albidd, aurantio-minio tincta
et variegatd ; auriculis valde inequalibus.
Tue TINGED PrcreNn. Shell triangularly ovate, higher
than long, hardly equilateral, equivalve, valves every-
where radiately densely strongly ridged, ridges rather
irregular, for the most part in pairs, serrated ; whitish,
stained and variegated with orange-vermilion ; ears
very unequal.
?
Hab.
In sculpture this species approaches P. asperulatus, but
it differs in form, and the ears are different.
Species 107. (Mus. Cuming.)
PECTEN supERBUS. Pect. testa oblique flabelliformi, ovata,
crassiusculd, peculiariter concavo-compressd, inequi-
laterali, equivalvi, valvis costis rotundatis angustis
duabus et viginti radiatis, costis levibus, vel sub lente
minutissime concentrice striatis, interstitiis profunde
excavatis, marginibus lateralibus creberrime tenuilira-
tis; albidé aut lutescente, sanguineo-rufo promiscue
conspurcatd ; auriculis parvis, leviusculis, subequa-
libus.
THr SUPERB PEcTEN. Shell obliquely fan-shaped, ovate,
rather thick, peculiarly concavely compressed, inequi-
lateral, equivalve, valves rayed with two-and-twenty
narrow rounded ribs, ribs smooth, or, beneath the
lens, very minutely concentrically striated, interstices
deeply excavated, lateral margins very closely finely
ridged; whitish or yellowish, promiscuously smeared
with blood-red; ears small, rather smooth, nearly
equal.
Sowrrsy, Thesaurus Conch. vol. i. p. 62. pl. 12. f. 11.
Hab. >
Of a singularly distinct typical form, and characteristic
also in respect of colour.
Fig. 108. (Mus. Cuming.)
The shell here figured, from the West Indies, proves on
examination to be a variety of P. exasperatus from the
same locality.
May, 1853.
PECTEN.—Puate XXVI.
* Species 109. (Mus. Cuming.)
PECTEN ASPERULATUS. ect. testa subtrigono-orbiculari,
rudi, wregulari, equilaterali, subequivalvi, radiatim
densé fortiter liratis, liris valde irregularibus, ut plu-
rimum binis, muricatim squamato-serratis ; albidd aut
lutescente, prope marginem violaceo tinctd, ad wumbones
minvacea ; auriculis inequalibus, anticis grandibus sub-
flexuosis.
THE ROUGHENED Heuix. Shell somewhat triangularly
orbieular, rude, irregular, equilateral, nearly equi-
valve, radiately densely strongly ridged, ridges very
uregular, for the most part in paurs, prickly scale-
serrated ; whitish or yellowish, tinged with violet
near the margin, vermilion-red at the umboes; ears
unequal, front ears large, rather flexuous.
Apams and Rerve, Zool. Voy. Samarang, Mollusca, p. 74.
pl. 21. f. 13.
Hah. Corean Archipelago.
Of characteristic form and sculpture, but rude and irre-
gular in growth.
Species 110. (Mus. Cuming.)
Precten Patacontcus. Lect. testé orbiculari, subventri-
cosa, equilaterali, subequivalvi, valvis costis numerosis
radiatis, costis valve sinistre subangustis, versus mar-
ginem trifariam divisis, interstitiis sub lente minutis-
simé concentrice striatis, valve dextre latioribus, ob-
tusis ; alba, costis valve sinistre alternatim fulvo-
aurantiis.
THe ParaGonraN Precren. Shell orbicular, rather ven-
tricose, equilateral, nearly equivalve, valves rayed
with numerous ribs, ribs of the left valve rather nar-
row, three-divided towards the margin, interstices,
beneath the lens, very minutely concentrically stri-
ated, ribs of the right valve broader, obtuse ; white,
ribs of the left valve alternately fulvous-orange.
Kine, Zoological Journal ?
Hab. Patagonia and Straits of Magalhaens.
Elegantly characterized by the alternate rayed colouring
of the ribs.
Fecten, FPL. XXVI.
sowerby, del et ith ¥. Reeve “emp
PECTEN.
PruatEe XXVII.
Species 111. (Mus. Cuming.)
PECTEN GEMMULATUS.
tenui, compressa, equilaterali, subequivalvi, radiatim
Pect. testé subtrigono-orbiculari,
dense liratd, liris hic illic majoribus, undique pulcher-
rime minute muricato-serratis ; albidd, carneo-roseo
tinctd ; auriculis valdé inequalibus.
THE FINDLY-BEADED Prcrnn. Shell somewhat trian-
thin, compressed, equilateral,
nearly equivalve, radiately densely ridged, ridges
here and there larger, very beautifully minutely
prickly serrated throughout; whitish, stained with
flesh-rose ; ears very unequal.
Hab. New Zealand.
gularly — orbicular,
A thin rather fragile species, very delicately but densely
prickly-serrated throughout.
Species 112. (Mus. Cuming.)
Prcten spectosus. ect. testd trigono-orbiculari, com-
pressd, equilaterali, subequivalvi, valvis costis duode-
cim ad tredecim radiatis, costis latiusculis subconfertis,
squamis amplis pulcherrimé fornicatis undique dense
ornatis ; alba, valvd sinistra nigricante-fusco roseoque
tinctd et tessellatdé, dextraé pallidiore ; auriculis ine-
qualibus, imbricato-squamatis.
THE BEAUTIFUL Prcren. Shell triangularly orbicular,
compressed, equilateral, nearly equivalve, valves
rayed with twelve to thirteen ribs, which are some-
what broad and rather close-set, densely ornamented
throughout with large very beautifully vaulted scales ;
white, left valve stained and tessellated with blackish-
brown and rose, right valve paler; ears unequal, im-
bricately-scaled.
Hab. Philippine Islands.
This very beautiful little species is furbelowed through-
out with rather broadly vaulted scales, and most delicately
coloured.
Species 113. (Mus. Cuming.)
ProTeEN NASANS. ect. testa ovatd, tenui, pellucidé, au-
reo-vitred, sub lente minutissimé concentricée striata,
aquilaterali, equivalvi, valvis costis obtusis, subobsole-
tis, rregulariter radiatis ; auriculis subinequalibus.
THE GOLDEN Prctnn. Shell ovate, thin, transparent,
golden-glassy, beneath the lens very minutely con-
centrically striated, equilateral, equivalve, valves irre-
gularly rayed with rather obsolete obtuse ribs; ears
rather unequal.
Puitrert, (Mus. Cuming.)
Hab, Straits of Magalhaens.
A delicately transparent golden glossy shell, with some-
what the aspect of a Terebratula.
Species 114. (Fig. a, 6, Mus. Cuming.)
PECTEN VEXILLUM. ect. testd orbiculari, ad latera sub-
impress, crassd, equilaterali, subequivalvi, valvis un-
dique tenuiliratis et dense minutissime serratis, costis
grandibus octo radiatis ; valvd sinistra carmined vel
cinereo-grised, albo promiscue maculata, valvd deatra
albidd, carmineo punctatd ; auriculis equalibus.
Tue FLAG Pecren. Shell orbicular, rather impressed at
the sides, thick, equilateral, nearly equivalve, valves
finely ridged and densely very minutely serrated
throughout, rayed with eight large ribs; left valve
carmine or ash-grey, promiscuously spotted with
white, left valve whitish, dotted with carmine; ears
equal.
Hab.
?
A beautiful and very characteristic species, variously
painted, although the painting above described is the pre-
vailing colour.
Species 115. (Fig. a, 6, Mus. Cuming.)
Pecren pica. Pect. testd orbiculari, compressd, equilate-
rali, subequivalvi, valvis costis und et viginti angustis
radiatis, interstitiis eacavatis ; alba, griseo et fusco-ni-
gricante variegatd ; auriculis grandibus, subequalibus.
THE MAGPIE PecteNn. Shell orbicular, compressed, equi-
lateral, nearly equivalve, valves rayed with twenty-
one narrow ribs, interstices excavated; white, varie-
gated with grey and brown-black ; ears large, nearly
equal.
Hab. New Zealand.
A new and well-marked species, pied with brown-black
and grey.
May, 1853.
Lecten LU AXVHM.
117
PRK
FE. Reeve amp
PECL EN.
Pruate XXVIII.
Species 116. (Mus. Cuming.)
PECTEN PICTUS.
convexd, equilaterali, subequivalvi, valvis costis tre-
Pect. testa trigono-orbiculari, compresso-
decim radiatis, costis angulatis, ad latera et interstitiis
minute erenulatis, costarum partibus albis valve si-
nistre irregulariter corrugato-crenatis ; alba, punctato-
roseo late variegata ; auriculis subequalibus.
THE PAINTED PrctxEN. Shell triangularly orbicular, com-
pressly convex, equilateral, nearly equivalve, valves
rayed with thirteen ribs, which are angled and mi-
nutely crenulated at the sides and in the interstices,
white parts of the ribs of the left valve irregularly
wrinkle-crenated; white, broadly variegated with
dotted rose ; ears nearly equal.
Sowersy, Thesaurus Conch. vol. i. p. 62. pl. 20. f. 233.
Hab. Isle of Baicus, Philippines; Cuming.
It is a singular peculiarity in this shell, that the un-
coloured parts of the ribs of the left valve are irregularly
wrinkled-crenated, but not the coloured.
Species 117. (Mus. Cuming.)
Psoten Maprerorarum. Lect. testa oblique ovatd, al-
tiore quam longa, subirregulari, inequilaterali, inequi-
valvi, valvd sinistra plano-converd, dextrd convewiore,
alba,
valvd sinistra nigro-fusco prope umbonem punctata ;
umbonibus valde equalibus.
THe Maprepore Pecten. Shell obliquely ovate, higher
than long, rather irregular, inequilateral, inequivalve,
left valve flatly convex, right valve more convex, both
valves densely minutely rudely crenulately striated ;
white, left valve dotted near the umbo with black-
brown; umboes very unequal.
Petit, Sowerby, Thesaurus Conch. vol.i. p. 68. pl. 14. f.68.
Hab. Java (in masses of madrepore).
A light thin white shell, dotted with black on the left
valve towards the umboes.
ambabus dense minuté rudé crenulato-striatis ;
Species 118. (Mus. Cuming.)
PECTEN sPINirERus. ect. testa trigono-orbiculari, com-
pressd, subequilaterali, inequivalvi, valvd sinistra le-
viter convexd, costis novem latis, rotundatis, pulcher-
rimé squamatis radiata, squamis eximie fornicatis et
Jimbriatis, costis extremis lateralibus angustis spinoso-
squamatis, costarum interstitiis subtiliter liratis, valvd
dextré novem-costata et liratd, squamis parvioribus plus
numerosis, minus fimbriatis, costis extremis spinoso-
squamatis ; semipellucido-albd, roseo hic illic sparsim
tinctd ; auriculis valde inequalibus, valve dextre ad
marginem spinoso-squamatis.
THE spIneD Pecrmn. Shell triangularly orbicular, com-
pressed, nearly equilateral, inequivalve, left valve
slightly convex, rayed with nine broad, rounded, very
beautifully scaled ribs, scales delicately vaulted and
fringed, outer lateral ribs narrow, spinosely-scaled,
interstices between the ribs finely ridged, right valve
also nine-ribbed and ridged, with the scales smaller,
more numerous, and less fringed, outer ribs spinosely
squamate; semitransparent-white, sparingly tinged
here and there with pink; ears very unequal, ear of
the right valve spinosely scaled along the edge.
Sowersy, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1835, p. 110.
Pecten pulcherrimus, Gray.
Hab. Lord Hood’s Island, Pacific Ocean (on the reefs in
coral sand); Cuming.
This very beautiful species has very much the general
aspect of P. speciosus, described in the preceding Plate,
but, on examination, it will be found to differ in its detail
of sculpture throughout.
Species 119. (Mus. Cuming.)
PecTen arturiticus. Pect. testa trigono-orbiculari, equi-
laterali, inequivalvi, valvd sinistra convead, et irregu-
lariter rudé tumulosd, valvd dextraé minus convexd, plus
regulari, ambabus decemcostatis, costis hic illic nodatis,
undique tenuiliratis, lirarum interstitiis subtiliter cre-
nulatis ; purpureo-grised, prope umbonem alba ; auri-
culis valdé inequalibus.
Tur Goury Prorrn. Shell triangularly orbicular, equi-
lateral, inequivalve, left valve convex and irregularly
rudely tumulous, right valve less convex and more
regular, both valves ten-ribbed, ribs here and there
noduled, finely ridged throughout, interstices between
the ridges finely crenulated; purple-grey, white near
the umboes; ears very unequal.
Hab. ?
Of singularly rude growth, though distinguished by a
characteristic plan of sculpture.
May, 1853.
Species 120. (Mus. Cuming.)
PECTEN TRIRADIATUS. Peet. testdé suborbiculari, com-
presso-convexd, egquilaterali, equivalvi, valvis costis
viginti rotundatis squamato-crenatis radiatis, intersti-
tus excavatis ; pallidé carneo-variegatd, radiis tribus
centralibus albis notatd ; auriculis valde inequalibus.
THE THREE-RAYED PEcTEN. Shell nearly orbicular, com-
pressly convex, equilateral, equivalve, valves rayed
with twenty rounded, squamately crenulated ribs,
the interstices between which are excavated; varie-
gated with pale flesh-colour, marked with three cen-
tral white rays; ears very unequal.
Hab. ?
A distinct and well-marked species, though of simple
character.
Species 121. (Mus. Cuming.)
PECTEN ERUBESCENS. ect. testé orbiculari, subequila-
terali, inequivalvi, valvd sinistra subpland, dextra con-
verd, ambabus costis viginti angustis obsolete crenatis
radiatis, interstitiis subprofundis ; albd, incarnato-roseo
pallideé tinctd, et prope umbones sparsim punctatd, valoa
dextré pallidiore ; auriculis subequalibus.
THE BLUSHING PEcrEeN. Shell orbicular, nearly equila-
teral, inequivalve, left valve rather flat, nght valve
convex, both valves rayed with twenty narrow obso-
letely crenated ribs, the interstices between which
are rather deep; white, faintly tinged with flesh-
pink, sparingly spotted near the umboes, right valve
the paler; ears nearly equal.
py
Hab.
Coloured with a delicate blush tinge of flesh-pink.
Species 122. (Fig. a, 6, Mus. Cuming.)
PECTEN TIGRINUS. ect. testa trigono-orbiculari, equila-
terali, equivalvi, valvis, sub lente, minutissime corru-
yato-decussatis, et radiatim liratis, nunc levibus, nunc
quinquecostatis, costis subnodosis ; purpureo-rufa, albo
sparsim undato-maculatd ; auriculis valde inequalibus.
THE TIGER-MARKED PrcTEN. Shell triangularly orbi-
cular, equilateral, equivalve, very minutely wrinkle-
decussated beneath the lens, and radiately ridged,
now smooth, now five-ribbed, ribs slightly noduled ;
purple-red, sparingly wave-blotched with white; ears
very unequal.
Muttzr, Zoologia Danica, pl. 60. f. 6, 7, 8.
Ostrea tigrina, Gmelin.
PECTEN.—Puate XXVIII.
Pecten levis and obsoletus, Pennant.
Pecten domesticus, Chemnitz.
Pecten Armoricanus, Chenu.
Hab. Celtic and Northern Europe (in twelve to sixty
fathoms) ; Forbes and Hanley.
Extremely variable in sculpture, but not differing ma-
terially in colour.
Species 123. (Mus. Cuming.)
PECTEN FULVIcosTATUS. ect. testd suboblique trigono-
ovatd, altiore quam longa, tenui, compressa, inequila-
terali, subequivalvi, valvis decemcostatis, undique tenui-
liratis et, sub lente, minutissimé granulatis ; pellucido-
alba, costis pallidé fulvis, valod sinistrd punctis per-
paucis carmineis prope umbonem pictd ; auriculis valde
inequalibus.
THE YELLOW-RIBBED PEcTEN. Shell rather obliquely
triangularly ovate, higher than long, thin, com-
pressed, inequilateral, nearly equivalve, valves ten-
ribbed, finely edged throughout, and, beneath the
lens, very minutely granulated; transparent-white,
ribs pale yellow, left valve painted near the umbo
with a few carmine dots; ears very unequal.
Apams and Reeve, Zool. Voy. Samarang, Mollusca, p. 74.
ie Bile ae Ail
Hab. Sooloo Archipelago.
A thin semitransparent shell, rayed with ten conspicu-
ous yellow ribs, while the left valve is painted with a few
characteristic lake-red dots.
Species 124. (Mus. Cuming.)
PECTEN LimatTuLa. ect. testd ovata, altiore quam longa,
subcompressd, tenui, semipellucidd, equilateral, via
a@quivalvi, undique densé liratis, liris squamis parvis
subdistantibus nitidé asperatis; alba, valvd sinistra
purpureo-lacco pallidissime, et etiam intense, sparsim
maculata ; auriculis valde inequalibus.
THE SMALL FILE PecTEN. Shell ovate, higher than long,
rather compressed, thin, semitransparent, equilateral,
scarcely equivalve, everywhere densely ridged, the
ridges being neatly roughened by small rather dis-
tant scales; white, left valve very faintly and also
very deeply blotched with purple-lake ; ears very un-
equal.
Hab, ——?
Very delicately and elaborately sculptured with small
suberect scales on close-set ridges.
Sowerby del et hth
125,
Pecten, PLXXIL.
127.
732.
F Reeve imp
PECTEN.
PratEe XXIX.
Species 125. (Mus. Cuming.)
Prctren sentis. Pect. testé subtrigono - ovata, altiore
quam longa, equivalvi, subequilaterali, profuse tenui-
liratd, liris alternatim majoribus, dense aculeato-squa-
matis, intense miniatd, maculis perpaucis albis ad la-
tera; auriculis valde inequalibus, anticis amplis, sub-
fleauosis, posticis viv nullis.
THE BRAMBLE PrcreNn. Shell somewhat triangularly
ovate, higher than long, equivalve, nearly equilateral,
profusely finely ridged, ridges alternately larger,
densely prickly-scaled, deep vermilion, with a very
few whitish spots at the sides; ears very unequal,
the anterior large and flexuous, the posterior almost
none.
Hab. >
A delicate finely prickly-sealed species, of a deep ver-
milion colour, with the ears very unequal.
Species 126. (Mus. Cuming.)
Prcren russatus. Pect. testé subtrigono - orbiculari,
a@quilaterali, equivalvi, valvis costis ad viginti: angus-
tis radiatis, interstitiis subexcavatis, ad latera costa-
rum serrulatis ; carned, rufo-fusco lentiginosd ; auri-
culis valde inequalibus.
THE FLESH-TINGED PrcrEN. Shell somewhat triangu-
larly orbicular, equilateral, equivalve, valves rayed
with about twenty narrow ribs, interstices rather
hollow, serrulated at the sides of the ribs; flesh-
colour, freckled with red-brown; ears very unequal.
Hab. Sandwich Islands.
A small sharply-ribbed freckled shell.
Fig. 127. (Mus. Cuming.)
This shell proves to be a small yellow variety of P. ez-
asperatus, described at Pl. II.
Species 128. (Mus. Saul.)
PECTEN SPECTABILIS. ect. testd ovat, flabelliformi,
aquilaterali, inequivalvi, valvd sinistra planatd, costis
duodecim subirregularibus, elevatis, superne rotundatis
et concentrice annulato-liratis, radiaté; valvd dextrd
convexd, costis latioribus annulato-liratis, interstitiis in
valvis ambabus tenuiscabrosis ; albd, costis alternatim
nigricante et minio tessellatis ; auriculis grandibus, sub-
aqualibus, rufipunctatis.
THE REMARKABLE Prcren. Shell ovate, fan-shaped,
equilateral, mequivalve, left valve flattened, rayed
with twelve somewhat irregular ribs, rounded and
concentrically ring-ridged at the upper part; right
valve convex, ribs broader, ring-ridged, interstices
in both valves finely scabrous ; white, ribs alternately
tessellated blackish and vermilion ; ears large, nearly
equal, red-dotted.
Hab. y
A very beautifully sculptured and peculiarly coloured
species, remarkably distinct from any hitherto described.
Species 129. (Fig. a, 4, Mus. Cuming.)
Precten creratus. Pect. testé ovatd, paululum altiore
quam longa, tenui, pellucidd, subinequilaterali, ine-
quivalvi, sinistré convexi, dextré planiore, ambabus
undique pulcherrime granulato-serratis, costis tenuibus
angustis duabus et viginti radiatis ; vitreo-albd, valvé
sinistra carneo-roseo maculata, radiis aut strigis pecu-
liariter opaco-albis ornata; auriculis parviusculis, sub-
a@qualibus.
Tur cHALKY Prcren. Shell ovate, a little higher than
long, thin, transparent, rather imequilateral, Inequi-
valve, left valve convex, right valve flatter, both
valves very beautifully granulately serrated through-
out, and rayed with two-and-twenty thin narrow
ribs; glassy white, left valve spotted with flesh-rose,
and ornamented with peculiarly opake-white rays
and streaks ; ears rather small, nearly equal.
Hab. ——?
Most elaborately sculptured though of delicate glassy
texture, marked with flesh-rose spots and opake chalk-
white rays and streaks.
Species 130. (Mus. Saul.)
PrectEN HIsTRIonIcus. ect. testdé ovati, flabelliformi,
aequilaterali, inequivalvi, valved sinistré pland, deatra
convexiore, ambabus costis duodecim levibus subobtusis
radiatis, costis lateralibus serratis ; alba, valvd sinistrad
maculis nigris et roseis irregulariter tessellatis et roseo-
punctatis, valvd dextra vi carneo maculatd ; auriculis
maqualibus.
June, 1853.
. PECTEN.—Prate XXIX.
THE HARLEQUIN PgctENn. Shell ovate, fan-shaped, equi-
lateral, inequivalve, left valve flat, right valve more
convex, both valves rayed with twelve smooth rather
obtuse ribs, lateral ribs serrated; white, left valve
irregularly tessellated with black and rose spots, and
rose-dotted, right valve faintly flesh-dotted; ears
equal.
GMELIN, Syst. Nat. p. 3326.
Hab. Wastern Seas.
The tessellated painting varies considerably in this well-
known species, in being larger or smaller in pattern, but
it is always of the same colour.
Species 131. (Mus. Cuming.)
PrcTEN CUNEOLUS. ect. testa oblique flabelliformi, com-
press, inequilaterali, inequivalvi, valvis, sinistra pla-
niusculd, dextra convexiore, costis quatuordecim latis
liratis subnodosis radiatis ; fulvd, albo sparsim notata
auriculis valde inequalibus, posticis vie nullis.
THE LITTLE WEDGE PrcotTEN. Shell obliquely fan-shaped,
compressed, inequilateral, inequivalve, valves, the left
rather flattened, the right more convex, rayed with
fourteen broad ridged subnodose ribs ;
sparingly marked with white ;
posterior almost wanting.
fulvous,
ears very unequal, the
Hab.
Characterized distinctly by its compressly oblique no-
dulous form.
Species 132. (Mus. Cuming.)
PrcTen autus. Peet. testé ovata, ventricosd, altiore quam
longa, equilateral, aquivalei, valvis costis tenuibus
numerosis levibus dense radiatis ; violaced, fusco-nigro
sparsim variegatd ; auriculis valdé inequalibus, pos-
ticis perparvis.
Tur ntcH Pecrmn. Shell ovate, ventricose, higher than
long, equilateral, equivalve, valves densely rayed with
numberous smooth fine ribs ;
gated with brown-black ;
terior very small.
violet, sparingly varie-
ears very unequal, the pos-
Hab.
An unusually narrow ventricose species, closely finely
smooth-ribbed throughout.
Species 133. (Mus. Cuming.)
Prcren parvus. Peet. testa trigono-ovatd, subequilaterali,
aquivalvi, valvis, sinistré pland, dextrd convexiore,
octocostatis, costis rotundatis, tumidiusculis, fimbriato-
scabrosis, alternatim mujoribus, interstitiis liris parvis
scabrosis duabus vel tribus; albd, punctis perpaucis
roseis notatd, umbonibus roseis; auriculis valde ine-
qualibus.
THE sMALL Precren. Shell triangularly ovate, nearly
equilateral, equivalve, valves, the left flat, the right
more convex, eight-ribbed; ribs rounded, rather
swollen, fimbriately scabrous, alternately larger, in-
terstices with two to three small scabrous ridges ;
white, marked with a very few rose dots, umboes
rose; ears very unequal.
Sowersy, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1835, p. 110.
Hab. Lord Hood’s Island, Pacific Ocean (in coral sand
on the reefs) ; Cuming.
Most elaborately scabrous-sculptured throughout.
LPectéry, PL XXE
Sy re eweeaeoen
no Col
¥ “Ct ip Stacie
tian uae 5 :
pine)
LOT
se
com Hi
ag
PECTEN.
Puate XXX.
Species 134. (Fig. a, d, Mus. Cuming.)
Prectrn Nopiuis. Pect. testé suborbiculari, compresso-
converd, equilaterali, equivalvi, costis duabus et vi-
ginti radiata, costis anticis tenuisquamatis, interstitiis
subliliter serrato-liratis, costis lateralibus versus um-
bonem squamatis, squamis subremotis, erecto-muricatis ;
albida, purpurascente-fusco tinctdé et variegatd, inter-
dum intense croced ; auriculis inequalibus, plus minus
squamatis.
THE NOBLE PectEeN. Shell nearly orbicular, compressly
convex, equilateral, equivalve, rayed with two-and-
twenty ribs, anterior ribs thinly scaled, interstices
finely serrately ridged, lateral ribs scaled towards the
umboes, the scales being rather distant and erectly
prickly ; whitish, tinged and variegated with pur-
plish-brown, sometimes deep saffron-yellow ; ears
unequal, more or less scaled.
Hab. Moreton Bay, Australia; Strange.
This fine species, from Moreton Bay, is perfectly dis-
tinct from any other hitherto known, though not distin-
guished very strikingly in general aspect.
Species 135. (Mus. Cuming.)
Pecren Laqueatus. Pect. testé semiglobosd, equilaterali,
valde inequivalvi, valvd sinistraé depresso-concavd, in
dextra immersd, concentricé densé striata, costis octo ro-
tundatis distantibus radiata, fulvo-rufescente, costis sa-
turatioribus, versus umbonem interruptis ; valvd dextra
valde convex, ventricosd, costis septem latissimis levi-
bus, costis duabus minoribus ad utrumque latus, inter-
stitiis angustis, profundé excavatis, concentricé striato-
scabrosis; albd, maculis perpaucis rufis prope umbonem ;
auriculis equalibus.
THE GUTTERED Proten. Shell semiglobose, equilateral,
very inequivalve, left valve depressly concave, im-
June, 1
mersed in the right valve, concentrically densely
striated, rayed with eight rounded distant ribs, ful-
vous-red, ribs darker red, interrupted towards the
umbo; right valve very convex, ventricose, with seven
very broad smooth ribs, with two smaller ribs on
each side, interstices narrow, deeply excavated, con-
centrically striately scabrous; white, with a very few
red spots near the umbo; ears equal.
Sowersy, Thesaurus Conch. yol. i. p. 46. pl. 15. f. 101.
Hab. California.
Described by Mr. Sowerby, from a single valve, the
right one. In the accompanying figure, the left valve,
which was not known to him, is the most conspicuous.
Species 136. (Mus. Cuming.)
Prcren TecuLa. Lect. testd trigono-orbiculari, altiore
quam longa, compressa, subirregulari, viv equilaterali,
inequivalvi, valvd sinistrd costis novem ad tredecim plus
minus conspicue foliaceo-squamatis irregulariter radi-
ata, dextra multiliratd, liris obtusis, densé brevisqua-
matis ; purpureo-castaned, squamis pallidioribus, umbo-
nibus violascentibus ; auriculis valdé inequalibus.
THE TILE-ROOF PEcTEN. Shell triangularly orbicular,
higher than long, compressed, rather irregular,
scarcely equilateral, inequivalve, left valve irregularly
rayed with nine to thirteen more or less conspicu-
ously foliaceous-sealed ribs, right valve many-ridged,
ridges obtuse, densely short-scaled ; purple-chestnut,
with the scales paler, umboes violet; ears very un-
equal.
Woop, Index Testaceologicus, Supp. p. 7. pl. 2.
f, 3.
Hab. Sydney ; Strange.
Ostrea,
Distinguished from all other Pectens by its irregular
foliaceous-scaled Spondylus-like growth.
853.
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Sowerby del et hth
PECTEN.
PLATE XXXT.
Species 137. (Mus. Cuming.)
Pecten crrcutaris. Pect. testd globosi, ventricosissima,
aquilaterali, inequivalvi, valvis, dextrad convexiore,
costis levibus fortibus octodecim, interstitiis excavatis,
radiatis; cinereo-albd, griseo-nigro tinctd et variegata;
auriculis equalibus.
THE crrcuLaR PEcTEN. Shell globose, very ventricose,
equilateral, inequivalve, valves, right the more con-
vex, rayed with eighteen smooth strong ribs, of which
the interstices are excavated; ash-white, stained and
variegated with greyish-black ; ears equal.
Sowersy, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1835. p. 110.
Tab. California (in sandy mud at seven fathoms) ;
Cuming.
It is very doubtful whether this is anything more than
a variety of P. nucleus.
Species 138. (Mus. Cuming.)
PECTEN DENTICULATUS. ect. testa trigono-ovaté, altiore
quam longa, planulatd, compressa, tenui, subpellucidéd,
aequilaterali, subequivalvi, valvis radiatim liratis, liris
valve sinistre ad quindecim, angustis, alternatim ma-
joribus, squamulis parvis irregularibus, valve dextre
permultis, sguamulis minoribus, scabroso-aculeatis; au-
riculis valde inequalibus, superné denticulatis ; pellu-
cido-lutescente, roseo obsolete tincté.
THE DENTICLED Prcren. Shell triangularly ovate,
higher than long, flattened, compressed, thin, sub-
transparent, equilateral, nearly equivalve, valves ra-
diately ridged, ridges of the left valve about fifteen
in number, alternately larger, fimbriated with small
irregular scales, of the right valve very numerous,
with the scales smaller and scabrous-prickly; ears
very unequal, denticulated along the upper edge;
transparent yellow, obsoletely tinged with rose.
Apams and Regve, Zool. Voy. Samarang, Moll. p. 74.
pl. 21. f. 14.
Hab. Shores of Borneo.
A thin transparent flatly compressed shell, rayed with
numerous fine scabrous-scaled ridges.
Species 159. (Fig. a, 4, Mus. Cuming.)
Precren rucatus. Pect. testé suborbiculari, tenuiculd,
subconverd, equilaterali, equivalvi, valvis costis duo-
decim rotundatis subnodosis radiatis, costis et preci-
pue interstitiis prope marginem liratis ; albd, prope
marginem carmined aut violaceé ; auriculis inequa-
libus.
Tue DYED Pectey. Shell nearly orbicular, rather thin,
slightly convex, equilateral, equivalve, valves rayed
with twelve rounded subnodose ribs, ribs and espe-
cially the interstices ridged near the margin; white,
carmine or violet near the margin; ears unequal.
Hab. West Indies.
Of very simple character, but peculiarly distinct from
any other described species.
Species 140. (Fig. a, 5, Mus. Cuming.)
Pecten Cuminert. Lect. testd orbiculari, compresso-con-
vei, equilaterali, subequivalvi, valvis costis rotundatis
viginti regulariter radiatis, interstitiis subexcavatis,
striis concentricis subtilissimé easculptis ; albidd, vio-
laceo-fusco et aurantio interdum roseo et violaceo va-
riegata ; auriculis grandibus, equalibus, aut roseis
aut purpureo-fuscis, strigis albis acuté undulatis sepé
notatis.
Cumine’s PecTen. Shell orbicular, compressly convex,
equilateral, nearly equivalve, valves regularly rayed
with twenty rounded ribs, the interstices being ex-
cavated and very finely sculptured with concentric
strie ; whitish, variegated with violet-brown and
orange, sometimes with rose and violet only; ears
large, equal, rose or purple-brown, often marked with
white zigzag streaks.
Hab. Moreton Bay, Australia; Strange.
This fine new species is greatly distinguished for its
very rich and beautiful colouring.
Species 141. (Mus. Cuming.)
Pecten cornevs. ect. testd subobliqué ovata, subcorned,
converd, inequilaterali, subequivalvi, valvis costis plu-
rimis, levibus, irregularibus, radiatis, interstitiis con-
centricé tenuistriatis ; pellucido-albé, costis hie illic
fulvo-corneis ; auriculis subequalibus.
THE HORNY PecTEN. Shell rather obliquely ovate, rather
horny, convex, inequilateral, nearly equivalve, valves
rayed with numerous smooth irregular ribs, inter-
stices concentrically finely striated ; transparent-
white, ribs here and there fulvous-horny ; ears nearly
equal.
SoweErsy, Thesaurus Conch. vol. i. p. 71. pl. 13. f. 44
and 45, and pl. 20. f. 244 and 245.
Hab. Straits of Magalhaens.
Approximating to the type represented by P. Patagoni-
cus, from the same locality.
June, 1853.
eo = -
_
i =
Sie *he Ge ‘
.
1
1 i
‘ = '
-
A \
s
{
‘
i a
‘ o
Fectenw, FUXXXH.
150. 161.
1526
Sowerby, del et. hth F Reeve ump
PECTEN.
Pirate XXXIII.
Species 149. (Mus. Cuming.)
Preren coruscans. Peet. testd suborbiculari, planiusculd,
tenui, inequiauriculatd, pallide violascente, prope um-
bones strigis parvis lacteis obliquis indutd ; valvis con-
vexiusculis, consimilibus, deatra pallidiore, costis qua-
tuordecin, serratis, argute sulcatis, interstitiis sulcatis ;
auriculis inequalibus, serrato-sulcatis, posticd minimé,
obliquad ; intus pallescente.
THE GLITTERING PEcTEN. Shell suborbicular, rather
flat, thin, unequal-eared, pale violet, covered near
the umboes with small oblique white streaks; valves
rather convex, very much alike, right valve paler,
ribs fourteen, serrated, smartly grooved, interstices
grooved ; ears unequal, serrately grooved, posterior
ear very small, oblique; pale within.
Hinps, Moll. Voy. Sulphur, p. 61. pl. 17. f. 3.
Hab. Port Anna Maria, Nukuhiva, Marquesas Islands (in
seven fathoms, on a sandy floor) ; Belcher.
The specimens in Mr. Cuming’s collection, with the
above name, being found to represent two distinct species,
I propose to substitute for the former, figured in the pre-
ceding plate, the name P. nua. The description above
printed is quoted word for word from Mr. Hinds, as being
the type. The description at Sp. 143 is from the shell
figured there.
Species 150. (Mus. Cuming.)
PECTEN CROTILUS. ect. testd ovatd, altiore quam longd,
aquivalvi, subaquilaterali, valvis leviter convewis, liris
wregularibus angustis dense minute squamatis profuse
sculptis ; intense purpurascente-rubra, sparsin nigro-
punctatd ; auriculis valdé inequalibus, anticis multo
majoribus.
THE SLENDER Pecten. Shell ovate, higher than long,
equivalve, nearly equilateral, valves slightly convex,
profusely sculptured with densely minutely scaled
narrow irregular ridges ; deep purplish-red, sparingly
black-dotted ; ears very unequal, the anterior much
the larger.
)
Hab.
Of very thin substance, the purplish-red showing deeply
through in the interior.
Species 151. (Mus. Cuming.)
Prcren muNnvus. ect. testd suborbiculari, tenui, com-
pressi, equilaterali, equivalvi, valvis costis quatuor et
viginti tenuibus leviter crenatis radiatis, lird minuta
intercurrente ; aurantio-crocatd ; auriculis valdé ine-
qualibus, anticis majoribus, subeapansis, per marginem
squamatis.
Tue NEAT Pecten. Shell suborbicular, thin, compressed,
equilateral, equivalve, valves rayed with twenty-four
thin, slightly crenated ribs, with a minute ridge run-
ning between them; bright orange-yellow; ears very
unequal, front ears larger, rather expanded, scaled
along the edge.
f=) fo}
:)
Hab.
A thin compressed shell, of very decided regular sculp-
ture.
Species 152. (Fig. a, 6, Mus. Cuming.)
Protmn Drinet. ect. testa trigono-ovatd, altiore quam
longd, subobliqud, compressa, inequilateral, inequi-
valvi, valvis costis octo latiusculis, subdepressis, undique
serrato-liratis radiatis ; fulvescente, valvd sinistra in-
terdum rufo-nigro punctata et variegatd, interdum in-
tense violaced, rufo wmbones versus maculata, valod
dextré pallidiore ; auriculis valdé inequalibus, anticis
late obliqué expansis.
Drine’s Pecren. Shell triangularly ovate, higher than
long, rather oblique, compressed, inequilateral, in-
equivalve, valves rayed with eight rather broad, sub-
depressed ribs, which are everywhere serrately ridged ;
light fulvous, left valve sometimes dotted and varie-
eated with red-black, sometimes deep violet, blotched
with red towards the umboes, right valve paler; ears
very unequal, the anterior broadly obliquely expanded.
Hab. Bathurst Island, north-west coast of Australia ;
Dring.
A light strongly striated species of rather thin substance,
somewhat obliquely expanded, with the front ear rather
large and flexuous. Colouring extremely variable.
Species 153. (Mus. Cuming.)
Pecten Ipxus. Pect. testé orbiculari, compresso-convexd,
aquilaterali, inequivalvi, valvis costis duodecim lirisque
numerosis, omnibus subuodulosis et pulcherrime crenu-
August, 1853.
PECTEN.—Puatr XXXIII.
latis, radiatis, liris value dextre levioribus et plus re-
gularibus ; purpurascente-rufa, subiridescente.
THE RASPBERRY ProTeN. Shell orbicular, compressly
convex, equilateral, inequivalve, valves rayed with
twelve ribs and numerous ridges, all subnodose, and
very beautifully crenulated, ridges of the right valve
smoother and more regular; purplish-red, subin-
descent.
Hab. ?
An extremely characteristic species, of a peculiar sub-
metallic raspberry colour.
Species 154. (Mus. Cuming.)
PrcTen vestauis. Pect. testa subtrigono-ovatd, paululum
altiore quam longd, depresso-convexd, equilaterali, sub-
equivalvi, valvis, deatra subconveniore, costis octodecim
radiatis, costis triangularibus, confertis, lird serrato-
squamatd ad summitatem et in sulco interstitial ; ru-
bescente, punctis roseis aspersd, ad wmbones lutescente ;
auriculis valde inequalibus.
Tue vestaL Pectnn. Shell somewhat triangularly ovate,
a little higher than long, depressly convex, equilateral,
nearly equivalve, valves, the right rather the more
convex, rayed with eighteen ribs, ribs triangular,
close-set, with a serrately squamate ridge along the
summit and in the interstitial groove ; reddish,
sprinkled with rose dots, yellowish at the umboes ;
ears very unequal.
Hab. West Indies.
Of a delicate blush-red colour, peculiarly angle-ribbed
and serrated.
Species 155. (Mus. Cuming.)
PecTEN sotmpuLus. ect. testd suborbiculari, soliduld,
subplano-gibbosd, ad latera plano-compressd, equilate-
rali, subequivalvi, valvis costis viginti subplanulatis
confertis radiatis, interstitiis leviter crenulatis ; albidd,
lateribus et valvd sinistré purpurascente maculatis ;
auriculis grandibus, subequalibus.
THE RATHER SOLID Prcren. Shell nearly orbicular,
rather solid, rather flatly gibbous, flatly compressed
at the sides, equilateral, nearly equivalve, valves
rayed with twenty rather flattened close-set ribs, the
interstices between which are slightly crenulated ;
whitish, sides and left valve spotted with light pur-
ple; ears large, nearly equal.
Hab.
This has somewhat the appearance of a young P. gibdo-
sus, but it is distinct.
Species 156. (Mus. Cuming.)
PECTEN EFFULGENS. ect. testd ovatd, altiore quam
longa, tenuiculd, equivalvi, subequilaterali, liris nu-
merosis tenuibus multisquamatis undique nitide radiata ;
aurantio-miniato, purpurascente albi-marginato arcua-
tim strigatd ; auriculis parviusculis, valde inequalibus.
THe BRIGHT Pecren. Shell ovate, higher than long,
rather thin, equivalve, nearly equilateral, neatly rayed
throughout with numerous thin many-scaled ridges ;
bright orange-vermilion, archedly streaked with light
white-edged purple; ears rather small, very inequi-
valve.
Hab. ?
Of a bright subtransparent orange-vermilion, profusely
finely scaled.
Species 157. (Mus. Cuming.)
Prctren pusio. Pect. testa subtrigono-ovatd, compressius-
culé, medio gibbosd, subequilaterali, equivalvi, valvis
iris numerosis, acutis, wregularibus, subrudé nodulosis
et hie illic squamatis, confertim radiatis ; albida, pur-
purascente profuse punctatd ; auriculis valde inequa-
libus.
THE CHILD PrcteN. Shell somewhat triangularly ovate,
rather compressed, gibbous in the middle, nearly
equilateral, equivalve, valves closely rayed with nu-
merous sharp irregular ridges, somewhat rudely no-
dulous, and here and there squamate; whitish, pro-
fusely dotted with purple; ears very unequal.
Ostrea pusio, Linnzeus, Syst. Nat. p. 1146.
Pecten pusio, Lamarck.
Hab. Mediterranean.
This shell, which we take to be the Linnean O. pusio,
is quite distinct from P. varius, as intimated by Lamarck
and Deshayes.
Pecten, PU XXXIV.
168.
F Reeve, mmp-
Ss owenky, del. et hth
PECTEN.
PLate XXXIV.
Species 158. (Fig. 158 and 165, Mus. Cuming.)
PEcTEN LARVATUS. ect. testd subtrigono-ovatd, tenui,
subplano-compressd, viz equilaterali, subequivalvi, val-
vis livis numerosis obtuse crenatis, lineisque, densé ra-
diatis ; vividé aurantio-crocind, vel nigro mineoque ra-
diata, lineis perpaucis albis notaté; auriculis valde
inequalibus.
THE MASKED Pecren. Shell somewhat triangularly
ovate, thin, rather flatly compressed, scarcely equi-
lateral, nearly equivalve, valves thickly rayed with
numerous obtusely crenated ridges and lines; bright
orange-saffron, or rayed black and vermilion, marked
with a few white lines; ears very unequal.
Hab. Philippine Islands.
The ridges and lines are close-set, and very irregular.
The colouring, as may be seen by the two specimens here
figured, is most variable, but the white zigzag lines are
constant.
Species 159. (Mus. Cuming.)
PECTEN SANGUINOLENTUS.
convexiusculd, equilaterali, equivalvi, valvis costis
<0 parvis octo et viginti profuse brevisquamatis confertim
radiatis ; albidd, sanguineo-fusco plus minus tincté et
maculata ; auriculis inequalibus.
THE BLOOD-STAINED PgctEN. Shell ovate, compressed,
rather convex, equilateral, equivalve, valves closely
rayed with twenty-eight small profusely short-scaled
ribs; whitish, more or less stained and blotched with
blood-brown ; ears unequal.
2
Pect. testé ovatd, compressa,
Hab.
Peculiarly richly coloured and very profusely five-scaled.
Species 160. (Mus. Cuming.)
PEcTEN TESTUDINEUS. ect. testé ovaté, equilaterali,
a@quivalvi, valvis costis regularibus viginti radiatis,
costis confertis, versus marginem conspicue squamatis ;
luteo et fusco-nigro intense variegatd ; auriculis valde
inequalibus.
THE TORTOISE-SHELL PEcTEN. Shell ovate, equilateral,
equivalve, valves rayed with twenty regular ribs, ribs
close-set, conspicuously scaled towards the margin;
deeply variegated with yellow brown-black ; ears very
unequal.
Hab. Amboyna.
A richly marked species, with very much the appearance
of tortoise-shell.
Species 161. (Mus. Cuming.)
Proten rricatus. ect. testa suborbiculari, compressa,
medio gibbosiusculd, equivalvi, equilaterali, valvis
costis quinque vel sex et viginti obtusis, ad latera sub-
acutangulis radiatis, costis tenuiserratis, lateralibus
minute squamatis ; albidd, rufescente prope marginem
sparsim maculata ; auriculis inequalibus.
THE RUBBED PrcTEN. Shell nearly orbicular, compressed,
rather gibbous in the middle, equivalve, equilateral,
valves rayed with five- or six-and-twenty obtuse ribs
which are rather sharp-angled at the sides, ribs very
finely serrated, lateral ribs minutely scaled ; whitish,
sparingly blotched with red near the margin; ears
unequal.
Hab. ?
The ribs are all more or less arched over with a fine
thread of red colour.
Species 162. (Fig. a and 4, Mus. Cuming.)
PrcreNn BLANDUS. ect. testé suborbiculari, compresso-
convexd, equivalvi, equilaterali, valvis costis ad sex et
vigints tenue serrato-squamatis radiatis, interstitirs an-
gustis, costis lateralibus profuse minute squamatis ; cro-
cind vel miniaced, saturate aut pallidé nebulata ; auri-
culis valde inequalibus.
THE ALLURING PrctEN. Shell nearly orbicular, com-
pressly convex, equivalve, equilateral, valves rayed
with about six-and-twenty finely serrately squamate
ribs, interstices narrow, lateral ribs profusely mi-
nutely scaled; saffron or vermilion, clouded darker
or lighter; ears very unequal.
Hab. Australia.
The fine scales in this species are sometimes of a com-
pound character.
Species 163. (Mus. Cuming.)
Prcren paucus. ect. testd subobliqueé orbiculari, sub-
ventricosd, equivalvi, inequilaterali, valvis costis qua-
August, 1853.
PECTEN.—Puate XXXIV.
tuor et viginti peculiariter trifariam divisis et profuse
squamatis radiatis ; intus extusque intense purpureo-
miniaceo, aurantio-tinctd, immaculaté ; auriculis in-
a@qualibus.
Tue carrot Prcren. Shell somewhat obliquely orbicu-
lar, rather ventricose, equivalve, inequilateral, valves
rayed with four-and-twenty peculiarly three-divided
profusely scaled ribs; deep purple vermilion, within
and without tinged with orange, unspotted ; ears un-
equal.
Hab. Island of Corfu.
Remarkably deep-toned in colour both within and with-
out.
Species 164. (Mus. Cuming.)
Prcren RETICULATUS. ect. testé ovata, subaltiore quam
longa, conveno-compressd, equilaterali, subequivalvi,
valvis costis duabus et viginti levibus regularibus ra-
diatis ; albidé, maculis purpureo-rufis aspersd, lines
tenuibus arcuatis undique per costas; auriculis sub-
amplis inequalibus.
THE NETTED PECTEN.
long, convexly compressed, equilateral, nearly equi-
valve, valves rayed with two-and-twenty smooth re-
gular ribs; whitish, sprinkled with blotches of pur-
ple-red, with arched lines throughout across the ribs ;
ears rather large, unequal.
Shell ovate, rather higher than
P
Hab.
The painting of this species is similar in design to that
of P. fricatus, but the shell is quite distinct in form.
Fig. 165. (Mus. Cuming.)
This very characteristic species proves on examination
to be a variety of P. larvatus, Sp. 158, under which head
its peculiarity of colouring is noticed.
Species 166. (Mus. Cuming.)
Prcten cLoacatus. Peet. testa trigono-ovatd, subflabel-
liformt, subventricosd, equivalvi, equilaterali, valvis
costis sedecim radiatis, costis elevatis, rotundatis, sub-
nodoso-crenatis, subdistantibus, lateribus interstitiisque
excavatis; alba, cinereo-carneo tinctd et maculata ;
auriculis inequalibus.
Tur GUTTERED PrcorEeN. ‘Shell triangularly ovate, some-
what fan-shaped, rather ventricose, equivalve, equi-
lateral, valves rayed with sixteen ribs, which are
raised, rounded, subnodosely crenated and rather
distant, with the sides and interstices excavated ;
white, stained and spotted with ash-flesh colour; ears
unequal.
Hab. Philippine Islands.
An extremely characteristic species, quite distinct from
any hitherto described.
\
(XP.
ti
Len, alee
D)
Fé
Zé a8
Pan
19°
S70
PECTEN.
Puate XXXV.
Species 167. (Mus. Brit.)
PECTEN CONCINNUS.
nistraé subplanulatd, costis novem rotundatis, valde ele-
vatis, subdistantibus radiatd, interstitiis subampliter
excavatis, costis interstitiisque eleganter minute squa-
mato-liratis ; albidd, costis undique regulariter roseo-
Pect. testa trigono-ovata, valva si-
maculatis ; auriculis inequalibus.
TuE pretty Pecrren. Shell triangularly ovate, left valve
rather flattened, rayed with nine rather distant,
rounded, very elevated ribs, with the interstices
rather largely excavated, ribs and interstices ele-
gantly minutely scale-ridged ; whitish, ribs regularly
rose-blotched throughout ; ears unequal.
Hab. Red Sea.
An elegantly painted and neatly sculptured shell, of
which the only specimens known to me are two valves in
the British Museum, both left valves.
Species 168. (Mus. Cuming.)
PECTEN ARGENTEUS. ect. testd suborbiculari, tenui, pel-
lucida, compresso-convexd, equilaterali, subequivalvi,
valvis costis decem rotundatis concentrice striatis radia-
tis, interstitiis latiusculis, decussatim striatis ; argen-
teo-alba, fusco in interstitiis maculatd et punctaté ;
auriculis equalibus.
Tue sitvery Prornn. Shell nearly orbicular, thin, trans-
parent, compressly convex, equilateral, nearly equi-
valve, valves rayed with ten concentrically striated
rounded ribs, interstices rather broad, decussately
striated ; silvery-white, spotted and dotted with brown
in the interstices; ears equal.
Hab. China Sea.
A transparent white shell, dotted in the interstices be-
tween the ribs with brown.
Species 169. (Mus. Cuming.)
PECTEN TENELLUS. Lect. testé ovatid, tenuiculé, com-
presso-convexd, equilaterali, vix equivalvi, valvis cos-
tis quinque lavibus radiatis, liris tribus intervenienti-
bus, costa posticd extrema squamd magnd ad marginem ;
rosed, immaculatd, ad latera albipunctatd ; auriculis
grandibus, expansis, inequalibus, ad marginem squa-
matis.
Tue DELICATE PrctEn. Shell ovate, rather thin, com-
pressly convex, equilateral, scarcely equivalve, valves
rayed with five smooth ribs, with three ridges coming
between, the extreme posterior rib with a large scale
at the margin; pink, unspotted, white-dotted at the
sides; ears large, expanded, unequal, scaled along
the margin.
)
Hab.
This has the appearance of being an immature shell, but
it is, nevertheless, of marked character.
Species 170. (Mus. Cuming.)
Pucren LENTIGINOSUS. Peet. testé trigono-ovatd, subfla-
belliformi, compressa, equilaterali, inequivalvi, valvd
sinistra costis lirisque numerosis grandibus et parvis,
profuse noduloso-squamatis, subirregulariter radiatd,
valva deatrad ecostatd, undique liratd, squamis brevibus,
abrupte nodulosis ; purpurascente-alba, intensd purpu-
reo hie illic tinctad et maculatd; auriculis valdé in-
aqualibus, flecuosis.
THE SPECKLED PrcrmNn. Shell triangularly ovate, some-
what fan-shaped, compressed, equilateral, equivalve,
left valve somewhat irregularly rayed with numerous
large and small ribs and ridges, profusely nodulously
sealed, right valve not ribbed, ridged throughout,
with the scales short and abruptly nodulous; pur-
plish-white, stained and spotted here and there with
deep purple; ears very unequal, flexuous.
Hab. 2
A very characteristic new species, easily recognizable by
the details above noted.
Species 171. (Mus. Hinds.)
PrEcTEN FascicuLatus. ect. testé laté subtrigond, pla-
niusculd, tenui, inequiauriculatd, rufo-violascente, albo
maculata, valvis consimilibus, costis parvis, numerosis,
eleganter serratis, in fascibus quingue plerumque aggre-
gatis, alteris interstitiis suppletis ; auriculis inequali-
bus, rectis, argute serratis, dentatis, intus violascente.
THE BUNCHED Prcten. Shell broadly subtriangular,
rather flat, thin, unequal-eared, reddish-violet, spot-
ted with white, valves very like, ribs small, nume-
rous, elegantly serrated, generally ageregated in five
bunches, the others filling the interstices; ears un-
August, 1853.
equal, straight, sharply serrated, toothed, violet
within.
Hinps, Moll. Voy. Sulphur, p. 61. pl. 17. f. 4.
Hab. West coast of Veragua. In seventeen fathoms,
among sandy mud; Hinds.
A beautiful and delicate shell, traversed by numerous
small finely serrated ribs, a large portion of which are
gathered into five bunches or bundles, the others being
less aggregated, and occupying the interspaces. ‘The au-
ricles differ in size, and are strongly grooved, with inter-
vening sharp ridges. Within the valves are coarsely
ribbed, and of a rich peach-colour.— Hinds.
Species 172. (Mus. Hinds.)
Henix prerratus. Pect. testd subtrigond, planiusculd,
solidd, equiauriculatd, pallidd, sanguineo transversim
nubeculataé ; valvis consimilibus, costis novem rotunda-
tis sulcatis ; umbonibus subplanatis, levigatis ; margi-
nibus minute denticulatis ; intus alba.
THE FINGERED Prcren. Shell somewhat triangular,
rather flat, solid, equal-eared, pale, clouded trans-
versely with blood-red; valves very like, with nine
rounded grooved ribs; umboes rather flat, smooth ;
margins minutely denticulated ; white within.
Hrps, Moll. Voy. Sulphur, p. 61. pl. 17. f. 2.
Hab. Bay of Guayaquil. In twenty-three fathoms, mud ;
Hinds.
The description and figure of this and the preceding
species, which are unknown to me, are copied from the
‘Mollusca of the Voyage of the Sulphur.’
Species 173. (Mus. Cuming.)
Prcorten mMutticostatus. ect. testé ovatd, tenuiculd,
gibbosé, equilaterali, equivalvi, valvis costis triginta
angustis subdistantibus, obsoleté nodulosis, ad latera
subsquamulatis radiatis ; intense miniaced, immacu-
laté, ad umbones albo marmoraté ; auriculis valde in-
a@qualibus.
THE MANY-RIBBED PEcTEN. Shell ovate, rather thin,
gibbous, equilateral, equivalve, valves rayed by thirty
rather distant, narrow, obscurely noduled ribs, finely
scaled at the sides; deep vermilion, unspotted, mar-
bled with white at the umboes; ears very unequal.
Hab. New Zealand.
A light gibbous deep-coloured shell, rayed with nume-
rous cord-like ribs.
PECTEN.—Piate XXXV.
Species 174. (Mus. Cuming.)
ProtEN TEXTILIS. Peet. testd ovata, subaltiore quam
longa, equilateral, subequivalvi, valvd sinistra plani-
ore, ambabus densé irregulariter liratis, liris undique
obtuse squamatis ; alba, vivide aurantio marmorata ;
auriculis valde inequalibus.
THE BROCADED PrcrEN. Shell ovate, rather higher than
long, equilateral, nearly equivalve, left valve flatter,
both valves densely irregularly ridged, ridges ob-
tusely scaled throughout ; white, mottled with bright
orange ; ears very unequal.
Hab. ?
Allied in some respects to P. pusio, but differing in
form and sculpture.
Species 175. (Mus. Cuming.)
PrctEN GemMuLatus. ect. testd trigono-ovatd, paulu-
lum altiore quam longd, tenui, equilaterali, subequi-
valvi, valvis liris subtilibus gemmulatis undique pul-
cherrimée radiatis ; pellucido-carned, ustulato-spadiceo
tincta, Uineis albis brevibus ad latera sparsim promiscue
notatd, valvd deatraé pallidiore ; auriculis valdé ine-
qualibus.
THE PINELY-BEADED Puctrn. Shell triangularly ovate,
a little higher than long, thin, equilateral, equivalve,
valves very beautifully rayed throughout with fine
beaded ridges; transparent flesh tinged with burnt
fawn-colour, sparingly promiscuously marked at the
sides with short white lines; ears very unequal.
Hab. ?
Very delicately and strikingly sculptured.
Species 176. (Mus. Cuming.)
PECTEN TENUIGRANOSUS. ect. testd ovatd, compresso-
convexd, vie equilaterali, subinequivalvr, valvis liris
numerosis tenuibus, subtiliter noduloso-squamatis, inter-
stitiis peculiariter dense granulatis, radiatis ; valvd si-
nistra rufo-purpured, deatra albicante ; auriculis valde
inequalibus.
THE FINE-GRAINED PECTEN.
convex, scarcely equilateral, rather inequivalve, valves,
rayed with numerous thin ridges, finely nodulously
scaled, interstices peculiarly granulated; left valve
reddish-purple, right valve whitish; ears very un-
equal.
Shell ovate, compressly
Hab.
The sculpture of this species is also peculiar and dis-
tinctly marked.
P
albo-lineatus, Sowerby ........
ANG, SI nig oBiee Geoieee oe
aN ENGELS wACCCUC me relat sya! eel ete) oy
Armoricanus, Chemnitz .......
“asper, SWHGR) poss cone SaDOOE
asperrimus, Lamarck .........
asperulatus, 4dams and Reeve . .
aspersus, Lamarck ...........
aspersus, Sowerby ...........
aurantiacus, 4dams and Reeve . .
aurantius, Sowerby .... :
Australis, Sowerby ...........
arthriticus, Reeve
bifrons, Lamarck ............
blandus, Reeve..............
Bornii, Payraudeau ..........
Bruei, Payraudeau
cireularis, Sowerby ...........
Gewenink}, Jee oa ee ebeoconc
cloacatus, Reeve.............
concinnus, Reeve ............
concentricus, Say ............
corallinoides, D’Orbigny ......
corallinus, Chemnitz .........
corneus; Sowerby) <<... eee
Conuscans; -Hindsin a. ceeeeioe
erassicostatus, Sowerby........
cretatus; eeveien a scio a eine
cristularis, 4dams and Reeve... .
crotilusseiecnch ens .ele eee
cruentatus, Reeve............
cuneaussenceod mnie te eae
CUNEOLUISHRA Cen CENT yer
Cumingii, Reeve.........-...
dancusse/icenciman ees = e/a
Danicus, Chemnitz...........
Warwintieenens ess scien s
denticulatus, Adams and Reeve. .
dentatus, Sowerby ...........
Dieffenbachi, Gray ...
digitatus, Reeve ..//1248......
discors, Chemnitz......
distans, Lamarck .....
domesticus, Chemnitz .........
Dringieheevereetsea ace aes -
Dumasii, Payraudeau.........
effulgens, feeve\s 65.55...
erubescens, Reeve ...........
exasperatus, Sowerby .........
excavatus, Anton ,...........
Plate, Species,
XXIV. 95
XXIX. 132
XXXV. 168
XXVIII. 122
ie 10
XX. 75
XXVI. 109
IN 13
ile 4
XXVI. 105
V. 24
XXV. 103
XXVIIT. 119
XII. 45
XXXIV. 162
XIX. 66
XX. 72
XXXI. 137
IV. 18
XXXIV. 166
XXXV. 167
VI. 26
WAL 27
JON 15
XXXI. 14]
XXXII. 149
XVIII. 64
XXIX. 129
XXYV. 99
XXXIII. 150
XIX. 69
XXIV. 94
XXIX. 131
XXXI. 140
XXXIV. 163
It. 13
XVII. 62
XXXI. 138
VI. 30
XXIL. 88
XXXV. 172
XV. 55
XIII. 49
XXVIII. 122
XXXITT. 152
DY, 18
XXXITI. 156
XXVIII. 121
If, 7
VIII. 33
XVI. 56
PECTEN.
Habricii, Philippi .......+..--
fasciculatus, Reeve . 054.0...
MORNE, LEZ o oobase noo casc
flabelloides, Reeve............
jflavidulus, Lamarck ..........
flexuosus (Ostvea), Poli
OOS, UDB e655 tn oodoo5 He
WMGENIVS, JOGA a6 Bees cede souc
fucatus, Reeve .. Be OG
fulvicostatus, 4dams and Reeve .
NCTE, IU e 6 ooo cooLEdas
INVVMENVE), JOIN keeoeb po os ee
MOUS MOLI one nopboupe cose
gemmeus; eeve 7. cis «1-)s1t-l-
gemmulatus, Reeve .
gibbus (Os¢rea), Linneeus .... ..
giabers Montag:evarryeterertetele
glaber (Ostrea), Linneus......
MOMMIES, JMO BAG oadcocHe pe
griseus, Lamarck .,..........
hastatus, Sowerby...........-
histrionicus, Gmelin..........
hyalinayeholase nei eran
IER, THE oaabnooaaconcne
imbricatus (Ostvea), Gmelin . ..
ineequivalvis, Sowerdy
imflezus, Poli) sale «=< dSovgobe
irradians, Lamarck .........-
irregularis, Sowerby ..........
Isabella, Lamarck ......
Islandicus (Ostrea), Miiller ... .
Jacobeeus (Osérea), Linneus.. ..
Jamesonii, Smith ............
Japonicus (Ostvea), Gmelin ....
laqueatus, Sowerby .......
lanyatusseecve sneer ieiiias
latiauritus, Conrad ..........-
Laurentii, Gmelin
bayandi, Reever te eteye orctere ciel eles
lemniscatus, Reeve...........
lentiginosus, Reeve ..........-
leopardus;-cevelerreyerte i) -14-)-
leucopheus, Reeve..........-
limatulase/cevemaeen mercies
lividus, Lamarck ............
Uo, NEY oo opancecacoKd
luculenta, Reeve..............
Madreporarum, Petit ........
Magellanicus (Ost¢rea), Gmelin. .
magnificus, Sowerby.....-....
maximus (Os¢ea), Linneus. . . .
XXXIV.
XXXI.
XXVIII.
XXII.
iVauTe
VIII.
XXXYV.
XXVII.
IX.
Il.
XIV.
XXX.
XIV.
XI.
XXIX.
XXXIT.
XXXII.
XXI.
XXX.
XXXYV.
XX.
XXXII.
I
XXVIII.
XIX.
XXVIII.
XVI.
XXVIII.
XIII.
Ie,
IX.
PECTEN.—INDEX.
Plate. Species. Plate. Species.
meédius, Lamarck .........-.. XI. 4A saniosus, Reeve Bobcded. OO. 159
MESS MHA 5 5 cacao buooneaone XXV. 101 senatorius (Ostrea), Gmelin.... XXL. 81
miniaceus, Lamarck.......... XXII. 86 geritis, eevee secre acini. NOXID. 125
ANTI CUSSPACEUENa |e feel) shel sor XXVI.. 104 sericeus, Hinds.............. We 23
modestus, Reeve ...... ..... XI. 4) serratus, Sowerby............ XI. 46
mollitnssAeeveN seek see | XX. 100 Sinensis, Sowerby..........-- VIII. 33
multicostatus, Reeve.......... XXXV. 173 Singaporinus, Sowerby........ DOE 74
mundus, Reeve.............. XMXXIII. 151 Balkin OH goasscecscesos OMIM 92
muscosus, Wood .....-...-.. XVI. 60 solidulus, Reeve ............ XXXIII. 155
MASATIS MILI mater tele elo. > XXVIII. 113 Sowerbyi, Guildng .......... IX. 37
nebulosus, Brown............ III. 13 Sowerbyis steve mes eee ne le 4
WO NIK, HAAS aaotouccouasaa dls 3 SPeClOSUS, eecereme ener tities XXVII. 112
nodosus (Ostvea), Linneus.... IIT. 15 spectabilis, Reeve............ XXIX. 128
Novee-Zelandize, Reeve........ VIII. 36 SPISAMUIN, IZA oo oc0os0000¢ XXIII. 93
nucleus, Born ...........+.. XXIL 89 spiniferus, Sowerby .......... XXVIII. 118
MUX eenerd Pe Ae te ol fale on 50s XXXII. 143 splendidulus, Sowerby ........ XIX. 67
obliteratus (Ostrea), Linneus.. XIX. 70 squamosus, Gmelin .......... XVIII. 65
obsoletus, Pennant .......... XXVIII. 122 squamatus (Ostrea), Gmelin .. XXL. 82
opercularis (Osérea), Linneeus.. XV. 54 stellatuss/.Ceuchaese eterna IL alt
omatusy Hamanchsan.....22- | NX: 68 SUID, JAVA. como scascescs IN, 22
pallium (Ostrea), Linnezus .... XVII. 63 subnodosus, Sowerby ........ IV. 20
parvus, Sawerby ...........- XXIX. 133 subplicatus, Sowerby ........ UL 17
Patasonicus, Kang -......-.. XVI. 110 SUDTUUS AU7cO7e remnants X. 40
pes-anatis, Reeve ........ ee ae 28 sugillatus, Reeve ...........- Te 2
pes-felis (Ostrea), Linmeeus .... XIX. 66 sulcatus: D070 aaa cee XI. 50
(UA, JME noe oetdioigm Ha 00e XXVII. 115 superbus, Sowerby .......... XXVI. 107
ICUS pOOWENOY ernie) = see le XXVIII. 116 ally UA0Wh coaagorereaccs eee 136
pleuronectes (Ostrea), Linueus. XIII. 48 Tanith Jano cgaoocnnoann XCM 169
plica (Ostrea), Linneeus ...... II. 16 tenuigranosus, Reeve ........ XXXV. 176
proteus, Solander............ XV. 55 testudineus, Reeve .......... XXXIV. 160
prunum, Reeve.............. XX. 78 Meranlich JGO no nognovoccoos lckQle 174
pseudamusium, Chemnitz...... U1. 13 ieMbaie, WWLMGP ~aaoneaonocs XXVIII. 122
pseudamusium, Klein ........ XVI. 56 bigmiss aac heme ere XX. 77
pseudo-lima, Sowerby ........ XVI. 57 TMAH SHITE pe aonocwoaodso XXVI. 106
pulchella, Reeve ............ XXXII. 142 Tranquebaricus (Ostrea), Gmelin — III. 14
pulcherrimus, Gray .......... XXVIII. 118 tricarinatus, Anton .........- TE 10
purpuratus, Lamarck ........ V. 25 triradiatus, Reeve............ XXVIII. 120
pusio (Ostrea), Linneus...... XXXIII. 157 tumidus, Sowerby........-..- VII. 31
jPAGhUNEA e7) Sooascoemoes | CIN 96 turgidus, Sowerby .......... VI. 26
radula (Ostvea), Linneeus...... XXII. 83 undulatus, Sowerby .......... XX. 73
INGE AUECe oa sememoao aS XXII. 91 unicolor, Lamarck .......... VY. 24
reticulatus, Reeve............ XXXIV. 164 MEME, Jaa sonoobasccac XXII. 87
roseo-punctatus, Reeve........ XXII. 84 varius (Ostrea), Linneus...... XXV. 102
rubicundus, Chemnitz ..... ee SEXES 37 velutinus, Sowerby .......... II. 12
Tubidus, ‘Hinds.............. XXIII. 90 ventricosus, Sowerby........-- Wille 31
rufiradiatus, Reeve .......... XXXII. 147 VESEUE), JAAR oo oo oa onacon ds XXXII. 154
rugosus, Sowerby............ XXXII. 144 Welln, JNA: gncacceseccte XXVII. 114
MUISSALUSSeLUCEUES sere aisise anes XXIX. 126 CHAGOS WERE 5560560950 XIV. 53
sanguineus, Sowerby....... sq) MDG 69 vulgaris, Da Costa .......... IX. 38
sanguinolentus (Ostrea), Gmelin XXIV. 98 ziczac (Ostrea), Linneeus...... Wit Qo
ERRATA.
© Species 134. For P. nobilis read P. gloriosus. Species 143. For P. coruscans read P. nuzx.
Species 159. For P. sanguinolentus read P. saniosus. Species 170. For P. lentiginosus read P. lemniscatus.
Species 175. For P. gemmulatus read P. gemmeus. «
MONOGRAPH
OF THE GENUS
Nae Po Bye Se
“ And Seas, immeasurably deep,
Which, in their secret holds, do keep
Treasures unknown to human thought,
Treasures by human hands unsought.”—C., P.
HEA OAOM
Peay. AY.
TTrTTAR
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HINNITES.
Prate I.
Genus HINNITES, Defrance.
Testa inequivalvis, adherens, crassa, subponderosa, valvis
viz auriculatis, radiatim liratis.
valvis ambabus lata, edentula, foved subprofundé ob-
longa in medio.
lateralis.
Shell inequivalve, adhering, thick, rather ponderous, valves
slightly auriculated, radiately ridged. Hinge area in
both valves broad, toothless, with a rather deep ob-
long pit in the middle. Muscular impression very
large, sublateral.
This genus was founded by M. Defrance with two fossil
species, and had been received by conchologists, when Mr.
Gray discovered that a large bivalve shell in the British
Museum, referred by him with a note of doubt to Lima,
belonged to it. It was in August, 1826, that Mr. Gray
announced this discovery in the ‘Annals of Philosophy.’
The shell which he had described in the same periodical
as Lima? gigantea, he now referred to the fossil genus of
Defrance, altering the generic name, for reasons which we
think untenable, to Hinnita, and afterwards to Hinnus.
Another shell of similar generic character turned up in the
old collection of Dr. Goodall, and this Mr. Sowerby de-
scribed as Hinnites corallinus in the third volume of the
‘Zoological Journal.’ M. Deshayes and Mr. Sowerby, by
reason of the peculiarity of its mode of attachment, re-
ferred the Ostrea (Pecten) sinuosus, which is probably iden-
tical with the Linnean Ostrea (Pecten) pusio, to Defrance’s
genus, but the relationship has not been confirmed by
subsequent researches. Messrs. Forbes and Hanley have
shown, in their ‘ History of British Mollusca,’ that this
Pecten lives free when young, and merely attaches itself in
the adult state. The shell then takes an irregular form of
growth, still preserving its generic characters. The Pecten
pusio is represented in the accompanying plate in the state
in which it has been called Ostrea and Hinnites sinuosus,
but inasmuch as it does not possess the broad, solid, car-
dinal area and heavy Spondylus-like character of Hinnites,
it should not be included in the genus.
Area cardinalis in
Impressio muscularis perampla, sub-
Hinnites has more of the general character of Spondylus
than of Pecten, but the hinge is distinct, being without
teeth, and produced into an area equally in both valves.
One of the species inhabits the Old World, and the other
the New.
Species 1. (Fig 2. Mus. Brit.)
HINNITES CORALLINUS. Hinn. testa subflabelliformi, flea-
uosd, valde irregulari, ared cardinali subangustd ; rude
scabroso-liratd, subfimbriatd ; intense corallio-rubrd.
Tae corat Hinnires. Shell somewhat fan-shaped,
flexuous, very irregular, cardinal area rather narrow ;
rudely scale-ridged, subfrilled ; deep coral-red.
Sowerby, Zool. Journ. vol. iii. p. 71.
Hab. Kast Africa; Sowerby.
The outer surface of this specimen is very much broken
and worm-eaten, but very characteristic, both in respect
of sculpture and colour. The interior is remarkable for
its conspicuous muscular impression, the surface being
sculptured with a strong veinous net-work.
Species 2. (Fig. 3. Mus. Brit.)
HINNITES GIGANTEUS. Hinn. testa ovatd, converd, radia-
tim scabroso-lirata, liris prope umbones levibus, nitide
binis ; aurantio-rufescente, vel albidd, intus alba, prope
cardinem vivide purpureo-violaced.
THE GIGANTIC HinnrvEs. Shell ovate, convex, radiately
scabrous-ridged, smooth and neatly disposed in pairs
near the umboes; orange-red, or whitish, interior
white, stained with rich purple-violet near the hinge.
Gray, Annals of Philosophy, 2nd Series, vol. xii. p. 103.
Hab. California and Straits of Juan Fernandez.
The ridges of this species, which is of more convex
oblong growth than the preceding, are here and there at
nearly equal distances larger. One of the principal cha-
racteristics of the species is the deep purple-violet colour-
ing of the hinge.
October, 1853.
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MONOGRAPH
OF THE GENUS
A CT R
** Of sea-born kinds, ten thousand thousand tribes
Find endless range for pasture or for sport.” —WMadllet.
Vt
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Vincent. Brooks fmp
Sowerby del et hth
MACTRA.
Prats I.
Genus MACTRA, Linnaeus.
Testa ovato-trigona vel transversa, lateribus paulisper hians ;
umbonibus prominentibus. Dens cardinalis in utraque
valvd compressus, plicato-canaliculatus, cum adjecta fo-
veold intus prominuld. Dentes laterales duo compressi,
utringue prope cardinem inserti ; ligamentum internum,
in foveolé cardinali insertum.
Shell ovately triangular or transverse, a little gaping at
the sides; umboes prominent. Cardinal teeth in
each valve compressed, plicately channelled, with the
interlying pit rather prominent within; two lateral
compressed teeth inserted on each side near the
hinge; ligament internal, inserted in the hinge pit.
There is no genus of bivalves which it is more easy to
determine than Mactra. The shell has, with little varia-
tion, a characteristic triangular form, more or less trans-
versely ovate or oblong; and the hinge is distinguished by
a prominent central triangular tooth in one valve, which
closely interlocks in a corresponding pit in the opposite
valve. The Mactre are mostly void of colour, but some
are very prettily tinged and rayed with rose or pur-
ple. In sculpture they are also deficient, compared with
the Tellinide or Veneride, having seldom more than
concentric grooves and stria or plait-like ridges. The
anterior or front half of the shell is, with few exceptions,
the shorter, and this is sometimes concentrically grooved
and striated while the posterior side is smooth. Beneath
the umboes on the anterior side a neat heart-shaped lunule
is generally formed, and the striz of the valves mostly
converge on the shield of this in a more regular and ele-
gantly developed state. On the posterior side the liga-
mentary area is more broadly spread, and mostly angled
on each side. Some of the Mactre, more especially those
inhabiting the Northern Seas, are ponderous and Mya-
like; the majority of the species inhabiting the tropical
seas are thin, some almost transparent, and most elegantly
wave-wrinkled and striated. The localities noted in the
following monograph will show that the genus is pretty
evenly distributed over the globe, from the Arctic Seas
along both sides of the African continent to Van Diemen’s
Land in the eastern hemisphere, and from the North Ame-
rican Seas to Panama and Columbia in the western.
Lamarck enumerated about thirty species in his Anim.
sans vert., but several have been described subsequently
by different authors, and the genus has lately undergone
a complete revision by M. Deshayes, who has been staying
in this country for the purpose, while assisting in the ar-
rangement of Mr. Cuming’s and our national collections.
The species are brought up in the present monograph to
a hundred and twenty-five in number. It will be seen that
several well-marked groups are included in this number,
all belonging to the Lamarckian genus Mactra, but deno-
minated as genera by the more advanced conchologists,
under the names of Mulinia, Schizodesma, Cypricia, Raeta,
Standella, Spisula, etc., as will be seen by the synonyms.
Species 1. (Mus. Brit.)
Macrra TRIANGULARIS. Mact. testa trigono-elongatd,
compressa, solidd, inequilaterali, latere antico paulo
breviore, ambobus compresso-acuminatis, transversin
plicato-liratd, fuscescente-albd, maculis fuscescentibus
parvis sparsim aspersa ; umbonibus parvis, angulari-
bus, approximatis ; lunuldé aredque peramplis, lanceo-
lato-ovatis, medio elevatis, fusco-strigatis.
THE TRIANGULAR Mactra. Shell trangularly elongated,
compressed, solid, inequilateral, anterior side a little
the shorter, both sides compressly acuminated, trans-
versely plicately ridged, brownish-white, sparingly
sprinkled with small brown spots; umboes small,
angular, approximated; lunule and area very large,
lanceolately ovate, raised in the middle, streaked with
brown.
Lamarck, Anim. sans vert. (Deshayes’ edit.) vol. vi.
p- 103. Enc. Meth. pl. 253. f. 3a, 4, ¢.
Spisula triangularis, Gray.
Hab. ?
An extremely rare species, of a peculiarly triangularly
elongated wedge-shape, sprinkled with small red-brown
spots.
Species 2. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra Venerirormis. act. testé orbiculato-subtri-
gon, inflata, convexissimd, cordiformi, subequilaterali,
antice obtusd, postice longiore, angulata, transversim
regulariter striatd, ad umbones levigatd, squalide alba
vel grised, postice intus extusque violaceo-tinctd ; um-
bonibus tumidis, prominentibus, oblique cordatis ; lu-
nuld aredque latis, ovatis, regulariter plicatis ; sinu
pallit lato, subsemicirculari.
April, 1854.
MACTRA.—Puate I.
Tne VENUS-SHAPED Mactra. Shell orbicularly subtri-
angular, inflated, nearly convex, heart-shaped, nearly
equilateral, anteriorly obtuse, posteriorly angled,
transversely regularly striated, smooth at the um-
boes, dirty-white or grey, posteriorly violet-tinged
within and without ; umboes swollen, prominent, ob-
liquely cordate; lunule and area broad, ovate, regu-
larly plaited; sinus of the mantle broad, subsemi-
circular.
Dersuayes, Pro. Zool. Soe. 1854.
Hab. China Sea and Japan.
A tumid heart-shaped species, approaching to the form
of Gnathodon.
Species 3. (Mus. Cuming.)
MacTRA QUADRANGULARIS. Mact. testa ovato-subqua-
drangulari, tenut, tumidd, cordiformi, subequilaterali,
transversim plicato-liratd, squalide grisea, epidermide
flavescente tenuissima indutd, latere antico subtruncato,
lato, posticum subequante ; umbonibus tumidis, oblique
cordatis, approwimatis; lunuld aredque indistinctis,
eleganter plicatis ; sinu pallii brevi, subtrigono, apice
obtuso.
THE QUADRANGULAR Macrra. Shell ovately subqua-
drangular, thin, swollen, heart-shaped, nearly equi-
lateral, transversely plicately ridged, dirty-grey, co-
vered with a very thin yellowish epidermis, anterior
side slightly truncated, broad, nearly equal to the
posterior; umboes swollen, obliquely cordate, ap-
proximated; lunule and area indistinct, elegantly
plicated; sinus of the mantle short, subtriangular,
obtuse at the top.
Drsnayes, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. China.
A thin Cardium-like species, neatly ridged across, ex-
cept in the vicinity of the umboes, which are smooth.
Species 4. (Mus. Brit.)
Mactra maxima. WMact. testdé perampliter inflatd, ovato-
subrhombed, inequilaterali, transversim striatd et ru-
gosa, albidd, epidermide nigro-fuscé marginem versus
indutd, antice anguste hiante, posticé latissime hiante ;
umbonibus magnis, obtusis, approximatis ; sinu pallii
lato, profundo, horizontali.
THE VERY LARGE Macrra. Shell very largely inflated,
ovately subrhomboidal, inequilateral, transversely
striated and rough, whitish, covered towards the
margin with a black-brown epidermis, anteriorly
narrowly gaping, posteriorly very broadly gaping ;
umboes large, obtuse, approximated; sinus of the
mantle broad, deep, horizontal.
Lutraria maxima, Middendorf, Malac. zool. Russ. part 3.
pl. 66. pl. 19. f. 1-4.
Lutraria inflata, Dunker.
Tresus maximus, Gray.
Hab. California.
This fine species, the largest of the genus, is chiefly re-
markable for the wide gaping of its posterior end, which
gives to the shell a Panopea-like form.
+
we
:
Mactra, RM
ee:
sm entrance
Sowerby, del et hth: F. Reeve, mmp.
MACTRA,
Puate II.
Species 5. (Mus. Cuming.)
MAcTRA SULCATARIA. Mact. testé ovato-transversé, sub-
aquilaterali, turgiduld, utraque eatremitate equaliter
obtusd, transversim sulcatd, ad umbones levigata, flava,
umbonibus depressis, violaceis, albo radiatis ; lunuld
aredque maynis, eleyanter plicatis ; valvis intus albo-
Jlavescentibus ; cardine angusto, fossuld ligamenti ob-
liqué ; dentibus lateralibus compressis, brevibus.
Tue Grooved Macrra. Shell ovately transverse, nearly
equilateral, rather swollen, equally obtuse at each ex-
tremity, transversely grooved, smooth at the umboes,
yellowish, umboes depressed, violet, white-rayed ;
lunule and area large, elegantly plaited; valves
whitish-yellow within; hinge narrow, ligamentary
pit oblique; lateral teeth compressed, short.
DesnHayes, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. 5
Chiefly distinguished by its transverse concentric
grooves, which converge neatly on each side in the area
and lunule.
Species 6. (Mus. Cuming.)
Mactra corpirormis. Mact. testd subtrigond, tenut,
ventricosd, vix equilaterali, eatremitate posticd sub-
productd, transversim minute striatd, umbones versus
levibus ; lunuld aredque subamplis, subtiliter plicato-
liratis ; flavescente-albd, umbones versus ferrugineo-
fusco sparsim tinctd et marmoratd, intus alba.
THE HEART-SHAPED Macrra. Shell subtriangular, thin,
ventricose, scarcely equilateral, posterior extremity
rather beaked, transversely minutely striated, smooth
towards the umboes; lunule and area rather large,
delicately plicately ridged ; yellowish-white, sparingly
mottled and stained with rust-red towards the um-
boes, white interiorly.
Desuayes, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. ?
A thin ventricose subtriangular species, finely striated,
almost smooth, the striz gathering into the area and lu-
nule in fine close-set plait-like ridges. The shell is of a
yellowish-white, zigzag-mottled, and stained about the
umboes with light rust-red.
Species 7. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra InFLata. Mact. testd subtrigono-ovatd, parum
tumidd, vie equilaterali, latere antico breviusculo,
postico subangulato-truncato ; lunuld indistincta, ared
magna ; albida, violascente tinctaé et radiata, umboni-
bus violaceis, intus alba.
THe INFLATED Mactra. Shell somewhat triangularly
ovate, but little swollen, scarcely equilateral, anterior
side rather short, posterior rather angularly trun-
eated; lunule indistinct, area large; whitish, stained
and rayed with pale violet, umboes violet, interior
white.
Brown, Philippi, Enum. Moll. Siciliz, p. 11. pl. 3. f. 1.
Hab. Naples.
It is somewhat doubtful whether this is not a variety of
the A. stultorum, though more solid and compressed than
the typical form of that species.
Species 8. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra souipisstima. act. testd transverse oblongd,
crassiusculd, sordidé albd, epidermide flavescente-fusca
indutd, inequilaterali, latere postico longiore, paulu-
lum hiante ; lunuld aredque subindistinctis ; foved car-
dinali perampla, triangulari, impressione pallii pos-
tice indentatd.
THE veRY soLip Macrra. Shell transversely oblong,
rather thick, dirty-white, covered with a yellowish-
brown epidermis, inequilateral, posterior side the
longer, a little gaping; lunule and area rather in-
distinct ; hinge-pit very large, triangular, impression
of the mantle indented posteriorly.
CuEmnitz, Conch. Cab. vol. x. pl. 170. f. 1656.
Macetra gigantea, Lamarck.
Hab. United States (about sandy beaches); Gould.
Dr. Gould, of Boston, United States, describes this
large species as living abundant about the sandy beaches
of Massachusetts. At low water it is dug out of the sand
with shovels; at higher tides, when the shell is open, the
fishermen wade into the water, thrusting a pointed stick
into the sand before them as they walk along. Whene th
stick passes between the valves, the animal closes the shell
upon it and is drawn up.
March, 1854.
Mactra, PU HL
Sowerby, del et. bth. F. Reeve ,
MAC T RA:
Puate IT.
Species 9. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra RurEscENS. act. testd ovato-trigond, inequi-
laterali, crassa, solidd, lateribus pland et subangulatd,
transversim sulcato-plicatis, plicis irregulariter flex-
uoso-corrugatis ; albd, rufescente plus minus tinctd, ad
umbones indistincte radiata, latere antico attenuato,
subrostrato, postico angulato ; ared lunuldque mag-
nis, flexura circundatis, intus albd, sinu pallit brevi ;
dentibus cardinalibus validis.
THE REDDISH Macrra. Shell ovately triangular, in-
equilateral, thick, solid, flat and rather angled at the
sides, transversely groove-plaited, plaits irregularly
flexuously wrinkled ; white, more or less stained with
red, indistinctly rayed at the umboes, anterior side
attenuated and a little beaked, posterior angled ; area
and lunule large, surrounded with a flexure, interior
white, sinus of the mantle short; cardinal teeth
strong.
Lamarck, Anim. sans vert. (Deshayes’ edit.) vol. vi. p.102.
Hab. Van Diemen’s Land.
A solid flexuously wrinkled shell, having very much the
form of a gibbous Crassatella, but without the rich brown
epidermis characteristic of that genus.
Species 10. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra sericea. AMact. testd ovato-transversd, tenui,
compress, medio tumidiusculd, subequilaterali, latere
antico rotundato, postico subattenuato, paululum hi-
ante, levigatd, versus marginem tenuistriatd, albd,
epidermide fuscescente sericed induta ; aredé lunuldque
via convexis, subtiliter plicato-striatis, umbonibus par-
vis, ad apices violaceis ; cardine angusto, dentibus la-
teralibus elongatis, fossula profundd, sinu pallit ob-
lique ascendente.
stinky Macrra. Shell ovately transverse, thin,
compressed, rather swollen in the middle, nearly equi-
lateral, anterior side rounded, posterior rather attenu-
ated and a little gaping, smooth, finely striated to-
wards the margin, white, covered with a light brown
silky epidermis; area and lunule scarcely convex,
finely plicately striated, umboes small, violet-tinged
at the tips; hinge narrow, lateral teeth elongated, pit
deep, sinus of the mantle obliquely ascending.
Desuayes, Pro. Zool. Soe. 1854.
THE
Hab. ——?
A thin compressed transverse species, rather swollen
towards the umboes, covered with a light brown silky epi-
dermis. Umboes violet at the tips.
Species 11. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra pprpermia. Mact. testd ovato-transversd, tenui,
compressa, albidd, epidermide fuscescente sericed in-
dutd, subequilaterali, latere antico rotundato, postico
sublongiore, paululun flecuoso-carinulato; lunuld ared-
que angustis, elongatis.
Tue cLrotHep Macrra. Shell ovately transverse, thin,
compressed, whitish, covered with a light brown silky
epidermis, nearly equilateral, anterior side rounded,
posterior rather longer and slightly flexuously keeled ;
lunule and area narrow, elongated.
Dursuayes, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. Faro, Portugal.
A thin compressed species, slightly flexuously keeled
down the posterior side, covered with a light brown silky
epidermis.
Species 12. (Mus. Cuming.)
MActTRA STRIATELLA.
cosa, tenuiculd, candidd, epidermide tenuissime indutd,
Mact. testé ovato-cordatd, ventri-
inequilaterali, latere antico rotundato, postico suban-
gulato-producto, hiante, subtiliter irrequlariter concen-
trice striata, umbonibus approximatis, corrugato-pli-
catis ; cardine breviusculo, foved subcirculari.
THE FINELY sTRIATED Macrra. Shell ovately heart-
shaped, ventricose, rather thin, white, covered with
a very slight epidermis, inequilateral, anterior side
rounded, posterior subangularly produced and gap-
ing, finely irregularly concentrically striated, umboes
approximated, corrugately plaited ; hinge rather short,
pit subcircular.
Lamarck, Anim. sans vert. (Deshayes’ edit.) vol. vi. p. 98.
Ene. Méth. pl. 255. f. 1.
Spisula striatella, Gray.
Mactra albina, Deshayes.
9
Hab.
A fine large white species, covered with a very thin cu-
ticular epidermis, characteristically wrinkle-plaited about
the umboes.
March, 1854.
Mackra PUL
F. Reeve,rmp.
Sowerby, delet ‘hth.
MACTRA.
Puate IV.
Species 13. (Mus. Cuming.)
Mactra Guauca. Mact. testd ovato-transversd, tenuicula,
tumidiusculd, subequilaterali, sub epidermide flavida
vel squalide fuscescente, pallide glaucd, radiis helvis
numerosis ornatd ; lunuldé aredque indistinctis, umbo-
nibus parvis, tumidiusculis, approwimatis, interdum
pallide violaceis ; dentibus lateralibus elongatis, lamel-
leformibus, in valved dextrd duplicibus ; sinu pallii la-
tissimo, brevi, semicirculari.
Tue GLaucous Macrra. Shell ovately transverse, rather
thin, somewhat swollen, nearly equilateral, smooth,
pale glaucous, ornamented with numerous light red
rays beneath a yellowish or dirty-brown epidermis ;
lunule and area indistinct, umboes small, rather
swollen, approximated, sometimes violet-tinged ; la-
teral teeth elongated, lamelliform, double in the right
valve; sinus of the mantle very broad, short, semi-
circular.
Born, Mus. Cees. Vindobonensis, p. 51. pl. 3. f. 11, 12.
Mactra helvacea, Chemnitz.
Mactra Neapolitana, Poli.
Hab. Kuropean Seas.
The epidermis of this well-known European species is
of a close fibrous silky character.
Species 14. (Mus. Cuming).
MactTRA AQUILATERA.
terali, tumidd, levigatd, anticé striata, albo-grised,
cuticuld flavescente indutd, anticé posticeque angulatd,
latere postico plano, lato, angulo acuto circumscripto ;
Mact. testa triangulari, equila-
lunula permagna, depressd, cum aream, levigatd ; val-
vis crassis, intus nitidis, albo-griseis ; cardine angusto,
crasso, brevi; dente cardinali parvo ; dentibus latera-
libus crassis, brevibus, antico longiore ; sinu pallii lato,
profundo, semielliptico.
EQUILATERAL Macrra. Shell triangular, equi-
lateral, swollen, smooth, striated anteriorly, whitish-
grey, covered with a yellowish cuticle, angled an-
teriorly and posteriorly, posterior side flat, broad,
forming a sharp angle; lunule very large, depressed,
and, with the area, smooth; valves thick, shining
within, whitish-grey ; hinge-narrow, thick, short ;
cardinal tooth small; lateral teeth thick, short, an-
terior the longer; sinus of the mantle broad, deep,
semielliptic.
Desuayes, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. New Zealand ; Earl.
THE
A solid triangular shell, Donaw-like on the posterior
side, and bearing some resemblance in general aspect to
M. Spengleri.
Species 15. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra stuttorum. Mact. testd ovato-subtrigond, equi-
laterali, levigatd, interdum hic illie obsoleté sulcatd,
violaceo-cinered, rufescente tinctd et radiata, umboni-
bus brevibus, approximatis ; ared gibbosiusculd, angulo
obtusissimo circumscriptd ; intus violaced.
Tue Foots’ Mactra. Shell ovately subtriangular, equi-
lateral, smooth, sometimes here and there obsoletely
grooved, violet-ash, tinged and rayed with pale red,
umboes short, approximated; area rather gibbous,
surrounded by a very obtuse angle; violet in the in-
terior.
Curdium stultorum, Linneus, Syst. Nat. (10th edit.) p. 681.
Mactra stultorum, Linneeus (Syst. Nat. 12th edit.).
Mactra rotundata, Gmelin.
Trigonella radiata, Da Costa.
Tellina radiata, Pennant.
Macetra lactea, Potiez and Michaud.
Mactra solida, Payraudeau.
Hab. Kuropean Seas.
This commonest of all species ranges throughout the
seas of Europe, from Norway to the Mediterranean.
Species 16. (Mus. Cuming.)
Mactra EXOLETA.
cordatd, tenui, ventricosd, levi vel subtilissime striata,
Mact. testé ovato-transversd, oblique
epidermide tenui fulod corned induta, latere antico
attenuato, compressiusculo, cuneiformi, postico lato,
oblique angulato, ad angulum tenuicarinato ; lunuld
inconspicud, in medio cristatd ; area perampld.
Tue worn Macrra. Shell ovately transverse, obliquely
cordate, thin, ventricose, smooth or finely striated,
covered with a thin fulvous horny epidermis, anterior
side attenuated, rather compressed, wedge-shaped,
posterior broad, obliquely angled, slightly keeled at
the angle; lunule inconspicuous, crested in the mid-
dle; area very large.
Gray, Mag. Nat. Hist. 1837, p. 372.
Hab. Cape Horn and West Columbia.
A very light ventricose species, peculiarly cordately im-
pressed on the anterior side, with the margins of the
valves rising through the centre of the lunule into an ele-
vated crest. The epidermis is of a thin horny deciduous
character.
March, 1854.
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Mactra, PLV-
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MACTRA.
PLATE V.
Species 17. (Mus. Cuming.)
Mactra piscors. Mact. testé rotundato-ovatd, subtri-
gond, crassiuscula, equilaterali, regulariter convexd,
levigatd, griseo-albd, epidermide nigricante-fuscd ver-
sus marginem indutd, latere postico subplanulato, an-
gulo obtuso subtiliter carinulato circumscripto, unbo-
nibus parvis, confertim approximatis ; lunuld aredque
plicato-striatis ; sinu pallit brevissimo, lato, semicir-
culari.
Tue HarsH Macrra. Shell rotundately ovate, some-
what triangular, rather thick, equilateral, regularly
convex, smooth, greyish-white, covered towards the
margin with a blackish-brown epidermis, posterior
side rather flattened, surrounded with a slightly
keeled obtuse angle, umboes small, closely approxi-
mated; lunule and area plicately striated; sinus of
the mantle very short, broad, semicircular.
Gray, Faun. of New Zealand, p. 251. Mag. Nat. Hist.
1837, p. 371.
Hab. New Zealand.
Of rather solid rounded proportions, stone-white, here
and there faintly rust-tinged, covered near the margin with
a dirty black-brown epidermis.
Species 18. (Mus. Cuming.)
Mactra Mererricirormis. Mact. testd ovato-trigond,
tenuiculd, ventricosissimd, cordiformt, concentricé tenui-
striatd, strie in ared lunuldque plicato-elevatis, sordidé
alba, epidermide fuscescente induté, umbonibus atro-
violaceis, latere antico rotundato, postico subelongato-
rostrato, imtus lilacind; cardine angusto, in medio
prominente ; dentibus lateralibus lamellosis ; sinu pallii
brevi, lato, vie inflexo.
Tue Mererrrx-snapep Macrra. Shell ovately trian-
gular, rather thin, very ventricose, heart-shaped, con-
centrically finely striated, strize plicately raised in the
area and lunule, dirty-white, covered with a brown-
ish epidermis, umboes blackish-violet, anterior side
rounded, posterior somewhat elongately beaked, in-
terior lilac; hinge narrow, prominent in the middle;
lateral teeth lamellous; sinus of the mantle short,
broad, scarcely inflected.
Dersuaygs, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. Port Essington; Jukes.
The name given to this species is intended to denote its
general external resemblance with the Cytherea meretriv.
Species 19. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra opgsa. AMact. testé ovato-trigond, subcordiformi,
crassiusculd, ventricosd, levigatd, albd, epidermide fus-
cescente indutd, latere antico obtuso, subangulato-pro-
ducté ; ared lunulique plicato-striatis, wmbonibus ap-
proximatis ; sinu pallii brevi, lato, semielliptico ; den-
tibus lateralibus compressis.
Tur stout Macrra.
what heart-shaped, rather thick, ventricose, smooth,
Shell ovately triangular, some-
whitish, covered with a light brown epidermis, an-
terior side obtuse, posterior subangularly produced ;
area and lunule plicately striated, wmboes approxi-
mated; sinus of the mantle short, broad, semi-ellip-
tic; lateral teeth compressed.
Desuayns, Pro. Zool. Soe. 1854.
Hab. Torres Straits, North Australia; Jukes.
Somewhat resembling the preceding species in form,
though perfectly distinct in detail, more solid, ivory-white
about the umboes, and less beaked posteriorly.
Species 20. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra VELATA.
crassiusculd, opaco-alba, ferrugineo-tincta, epidermide
Mact. testé ovato-oblongd, subtrigona,
atro-fuscé indutd, inequilaterali, utringue hiante, la-
tere postico subcarinulato ; ared lunuldque subangustis,
umbonibus confertim approximatis ; dentibus laterali-
bus brevibus, foved ligamenti ampla.
Tue ctap Mactra. Shell ovately oblong, subtriangular,
rather thick, opake-white, rust-tinged, covered with a
black-brown epidermis, inequilateral, gaping at each
end, posterior side slightly keeled; area and lunule
rather narrow, umboes closely approximated ; lateral
teeth short, ligamentary pit large.
Puiuierr, Zeitschrift fiir Malac. 1848, p. 153, Abbild.
vol. iii. pl. 3. f. 5. .
Hab. Panama (on the reef); C. B. Adams.
A rather solid rust-tinged opake-white shell, covered
with a rather thick dirty black-brown fibrous epidermis.
March, 1854.
Mactra, [UV
F. Reeve,
Dower ry, del. et hth
MACTRA.
Puate VI.
Species 21. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra tumipa. Mact. testd ovato-trigond, ventricosis-
simd, tumidd, tenuiculd, irregulariter transversin stri-
atd, versus umbones levigatd, extremitatibus angulatd,
anticé subobtusd, albo-flavescente, ad umbones violaceis ;
umbonibus cordatis, subapproximatis ; sinu pallit brevi,
lato, oblique ascendente.
THE swoLLEN Macrra. Shell ovately triangular, ex-
tremely ventricose, swollen, rather thin, irregularly
transversely striated, smooth towards the umboes,
angled at the extremities, anteriorly a little obtuse,
whitish-yellow, violet at the umboes; umboes heart-
shaped, rather approximated; sinus of the mantle
short, broad, obliquely ascending.
Cuemnitz, Conch. Cab. vol. vi. p. 218. pl. 21. f. 210-
212.
Mactra turgida, Gmelin.
Hab. Island of St. Thomas, West Indies; Cuming.
A plain smooth largely swollen species, of a whitish-
yellow cast, tinged at the umboes with violet.
Species 22. (Mus. Cuming).
Mactra antiquata. Mact. testa trigond, inflata, solidi-
usculd, equilaterali, extremitatibus subattenuata, trans-
versim dense tenuissime striata, pallidé spadiced, subti-
liter albiradiatd, ad umbones intensé violaced ; lunulé
aredque subgrandibus, eleganter plicato-striatis, intus
violascente ; sinu pallit lato, rotundato.
Tur ancient Macrra. Shell triangular, inflated, rather
solid, equilateral, subattenuated at the extremities,
transversely densely very finely striated, ight fawn-
colour, finely white-rayed, deep violet at the umboes;
lunule and area rather large, elegantly plicately stri-
ated, interior violet; sinus of the mantle broad,
rounded.
Sprene ier, Skriv. Naturch. Selsk. vol. v. part 2. p. 102.
Mactra violacea australis, Chemnitz.
Mactra Chemnitzii, Gray. i
Hab. Bay of Manilla; Cuming.
A more compressed and solid species than the preced-
ing, faintly white-rayed, with very deep-stained violet um-
boes.
Species 23. (Mus. Cuming.)
Mactra LarGriLiierti.
a@quilaterali, tumidd, postice hiante, sub epiderimide ni-
Mact. testé ovato-trigond, sub-
tente, olivaceo-flavd, radiis angustis violaceis pictd ;
ared lunuldque planiusculis, eleganter plicato-striatis ;
ligamento externo valde conspicuo, laminé ab interno
diviso.
Lareiuirerr’s Macrra. Shell ovately triangular, nearly
equilateral, swollen, posteriorly gaping, olive-yellow,
painted with narrow violet rays beneath a shining
epidermis; area and lunule rather flat, elegantly pli-
eately striated; outer ligament very conspicuous,
divided by an internal lamina.
Puriwiprt, Zeitschrift fiir Malac. 1848, p. 162.
und Besch. Conch. vol. ii. p. 135. pl. 3. f. 1.
Hab. Gaboon, West Africa.
Abbild.
Of a peculiar swollen transverse form, covered with a
shining yellow epidermis.
Species 24. (Mus. Cuming.)
Mactrra Cuminert. Mact. testé ovato-trigond, tenui,
ventricosissimd, cordiformi, subequilaterali, transversim
irregulariter obsolete striatd, cuticuld tenui flavescente
Jibrosa pellucida induta, alba, incarnato-roseo distanter
radiata, latere antico rotundato, postico peculiariter
compresso-rostrato ; umbonibus tumidis, cordatis, sub-
approximatis ; lunuldé latiusculd, ared angustd, elon-
gatd ; sinu pallii lato, brevissimo.
Cumine’s Mactra. Shell ovately triangular, thin, very
ventricose, heart-shaped, nearly equilateral, trans-
versely irregularly obsoletely striated, covered with
a thin yellowish fibrous pellucid cuticle, white, dis-
tantly rayed with flesh-rose, anterior side rounded,
posterior peculiarly compressly beaked; umboes
swollen, cordate, rather approximated; lunule rather
broad, area narrow, elongated ; sinus of the mantle
broad, very short.
Dersnayes, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. Moluccas.
An exquisitely delicate and characteristic species, light
and ventricose, compressly beaked on the posterior side,
ivory-white, marked with faint distant flesh-rose rays, and
covered with a peculiar linear silky fibrous epidermis.
April, 1854.
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Mactra, PLY
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MACTRA.
Puate VII.
Species 25. (Mus. Cuming).
MactTRA SUBROSTRATA.
tumidd, inequilaterali, striis transversis lineisque ra-
diantibus subtilibus impressis decussatd, fulvo-grised ;
umbonibus violaceis ; latere antico rotundato, postico
subrostrato, hiante ; lunuld planiusculd, ared lanceo-
Mact. testé oblongo-transversd,
lata, excavata.
THE SLIGHTLY-BEAKED Macrra. Shell oblong-trans-
verse, swollen, inequilateral, decussated with trans-
verse strice and fine depressed radiating lines, fulvous
grey; umboes violet; anterior side rounded, posterior
slightly beaked, gaping; lunule rather flat, area lan-
ceolate, excavated.
DesnHayes, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab, Moluceas.
Very closely allied to M. violacea, but more oblong and
swollen, and slightly beaked at the posterior extremity.
Species 26. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra piicatarta. Mact. testd transverse subtrigond,
compressa, inequilaterali, concentricé irregulariter sub-
flewuose plicato-costatd, oblique minutissime striata,
pellucido-alba, diaphand, epidermide tenui fusca versus
marginem indutd ; latere antico subproducto, rotun-
dato, postico angulato, plicato-carinato ; lunuld lanceo-
lato-ovatd, area perampla, ambabus levibus ; umbonibus
parvis.
THE PLAITED Macrra.
compressed, inequilateral, concentrically plicately rib-
Shell transversely subtriangular,
bed, obliquely very minutely striated, transparent
white, diaphanous, covered towards the margin with
a thin brown epidermis; anterior side rather produced,
rounded, posterior angulated, plicately keeled ; lunule
lanceolately ovate, area very large, both smooth;
umboes small.
Liynaus, Syst. Nat. (12th edit.) p. 1125.
Hab. Island of Sumatra.
This fine species is strongly plait-ribbed throughout,
the plaits and interstices being very minutely obliquely
striated across.
Species 27. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra Lavis. Mact. testd ovato-triangulari, inequi-
laterali, candidissima, nitente, irregulariter transver-
sim minutissime striatd, ad umbones plicatd, anticé
posticeque late plicatd, in medio levigatd ; latere antico
subproducto, rotundato, postico truncato, plicato-angu-
lato; lunulé lanceolato-ovatd, ared perampld, exca-
vatd, ambabus levibus; sinu pallii brevissimd, apice
obtuso, oblique triangulari.
Tue smMootH Mactra. Shell ovately triangular, inequila-
teral, very white, shining, irregularly transversely very
minutely striated, plaited at the umboes, broadly
plaited anteriorly and posteriorly, smooth in the
middle; anterior side rather produced, rounded, pos-
terior truncated, plicately angled ; lunule lanceolately
ovate, area very large, excavated, both smooth; sinus
of the mantle very short, obtuse at the top, ob-
liquely triangular.
CuEmnitz, Conch. Cab. vol. vi. p. 214. pl. 21. f. 205
and 206.
Mactra striatula, pars, Gmelin.
Mactra subplicata, Lamarck.
Mactra Spengleri, Born (not of Linneeus).
Hab. Island of Samar, Philippines ; Cuming.
Distinguished by a faint row of ripple-like plaits de-
scending on each side the umboes.
Species 28. (Mus. Cuming.)
MactRra HIANS.
tenuiculd, inequilaterali, transversim dense minute
striata, livido-albd, fulvo-rufo radiaté, ad umbones
violaceo tincta ; latere antico subtruncato, postico lon-
giore, rotundato, hiante ; lunuld lanceolato-ovatd, ared
Mact. testé oblongo-ovatd, subtrigond,
angustd, leviter rugoso-angulata.
Tue GAPING Mactra. Shell oblong-ovate, subtriangular,
rather thin, inequilateral, transversely densely mi-
nutely striated, livid white, rayed with fulvous-red,
violet-tinged at the umboes; anterior side subtrun-
cated, posterior longer, rounded, gaping; lunule lan-
ceolately ovate, area narrow, slightly rugosely angled.
Pururprt, Abbild. und Besch. Conch. Mactra, pl. 2. f. 1.
Hab. Island of Mindanao, Philippines; Cuming.
A fine ruddy-rayed species, of rather thinnish substance,
gaping at the posterior end.
7
. 7 Hl n
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=. =i vee av! as {7
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Lo
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ye
Mactra, FLVUEL
FE Reeve, mr
Sowerby, del.et.lith.
MACTRA.
Prats VIII.
Species 29. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra anata. Mact. testé ovato-trigond, obliqui, con-
vead, inaquilaterali, transversim irregulariter minute
striata, candidissimd, pellucida, epidermide tenui stra-
mined versus marginem indutd ; latere antico subatte-
nuato, postico latiore, angulato, ad angulum carina fo-
haced lamellar alato ; umbonibus acute angulatis ; lu-
nuld indistinctd, medio valde elevatd, ared perampld,
plano-cxcavatd.
Tue winceD Macrra. Shell ovately triangular, oblique,
convex, inequilateral, transversely irregularly mi-
nutely striated, very white, transparent, covered to-
wards the margin with a light straw-coloured epider-
mis, anterior side subattenuated, posterior broader,
angled, winged at the angle with a lamellar foliaceous
keel ; umboes sharply angled ; lunule indistinct, much
raised in the middle, area very large, flatly excavated.
SPENGLER, Skriv. Naturch. Selsk. vol. v. part 2. p. 99.
Mactra carinata, Lamarck.
Hab. West Columbia; Cuming.
Well distinguished by the conspicuous curly foliaceous
keel, that rises on the angle in each valve bordering the
posterior area.
Species 30. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra ovata. Mact. testd ovatd, turgidd, hiante, sub-
aquilaterali, rudé transversim striatd, squalide fulvd,
ochraceo tinctd, latere antico obtuso, postico subatte-
nuato ; umbonibus tumidis, oppositis, confertis ; lunuld
aredque indistinetis, intus medio pallidé aurantia.
Tue ovate Macrra. Shell ovate, swollen, gaping, nearly
equilateral, rudely transversely striated, dirty-fulvous,
ochre-stained, anterior side obtuse, posterior subat-
tenuated; umboes swollen, opposite, close; lunule
and area indistinct, interior pale orange in the middle.
Spisula ovata, Gray, Fauna of New Zealand, p. 251.
Hab. New Zealand.
A dull swollen shell, irregularly rudely striated, tinged
with orange in the interior.
Species 31. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra Eximia. Aact. testé ovato-transversé, equila-
terali, extremitatibus ambabus equaliter obtusis, trans-
versim minutissimé striatd, purpurascente-cinered, in-
carnato-radiatd, epidermide fibrosd fulvd versus mar-
ginem indutd ; lunulé aredque amplis, subindistinctis,
in medio elevatis, eleganter plicato-liratis ; umbonibus
tumidiusculis, approximatis ; sinu pallii brevissimo, lato,
regulariter arcuato.
Tun pretty Mactra. Shell ovately transverse, equi-
lateral, both extremities equally obtuse, transversely
very minutely striated, purple-ash, flesh-rayed, co-
vered towards the margins with a fibrous fulvous
epidermis ; lunule and area large, rather indistinct,
raised in the middle, elegantly plicately ridged; um-
boes rather swollen, approximated; sinus of the
mantle very short, broad, regularly arched.
Dusuayns, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. Moreton Bay, Australia; Strange.
A very characteristic species, minutely striated in the
middle, whilst on the area and lunule it is strongly ele-
gantly plicately ridged.
Species 32. (Mus. Cuming.)
Mactrra Epuuis. WMact. testd ovato-trigoni, crassa, so-
lida, equilateral, utrinque subangulatd, sordide albé,
Serrugineo-rufo interdum hic illic tinctd, plus minus
erosd, epidermide olivaceéd partim induté; lunulé
arcaque indistinctis, medio subelevatis ; umbonibus tu-
midiusculis, oppositis; sinu pallii trigono, obtuso,
brevi, horizontali.
THE EATABLE Macrra. Shell ovately triangular, thick,
solid, equilateral, slightly angled on both sides, dirty-
white, sometimes tinged here and there with rust-red,
more or less eroded, partially covered with an olive
epidermis ; lunule and area indistinct, slightly raised
in the middle; umboes rather swollen, opposite ;
sinus of the mantle triangular, obtuse, short, hori-
zoutal.
Kina, Zoological Journal, vol. v. p. 335.
Mulinia edulis, Gray.
Mulinia bicolor, Gray.
Mulinia typica, Gray.
Hab, Patagonia and Straits of Magellan.
A dingy suberoded solid shell, extremely variable in
form according to its variety of growth.
April, 1854.
Aelia, Ft, 1k.
Sowerby. o¢ : F Reeve, mm p.
MACTRA.
Prats IX.
Species 33. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra Sayrt. Mact. testd transversim ovatd, late sub-
trigond, compressiusculd, subequilaterali, solidiusculd,
utroque latere equaliter declivi et obtuso, inferne re-
gulariter arcuato, sub epidermide flavescente cretaceo-
albd, levigatd, substriatd ; wmbonibus minimis, acutis,
subobliquis ; area lunuldque indistinctis.
Say’s Macrra. Shell transversely ovate, broadly sub-
triangular, rather compressed, nearly equilateral,
rather solid, both sides equally slanting and obtuse,
regularly arched at the lower part, chalk-white be-
neath a yellowish epidermis, smooth, finely substri-
ated ; umboes very small, acute, a little oblique; area
and lunule indistinct.
Spisula Sayi, Gray, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1837, p.
373.
Fab. Florida.
A. stone-white compressed shell, covered with a strong
yellowish-olive epidermis.
Species 34. (Mus. Cuming.)
Mactra ANGULATA. Mact. testd transversim ovata, tur-
gidd, trigond, acuté angulatd, inequilaterali, tenui-
striata, calcareo-alba, nitente, epidermide tenui stra-
mined indutd, latere antico rotundato, postico angu-
lato-rostrato ; lunuld indistincta, ared perampld, medio
elevatd ; umbonibus tumidis, acuté angulatis.
THE ANGLED Macrra. Shell transversely ovate, turgid,
triangular, sharply angled, inequilateral, finely stria-
ted, chalk-white, shining, covered with a thin straw-
coloured epidermis, anterior side rounded, posterior
angularly beaked; lunule indistinct, area very large,
raised in the middle; umboes swollen, sharply an-
gled.
Gray, MS. in Brit. Mus.
Hab. Gulf of California.
Allied to MZ. Donaciformis, though uniformly of larger
size. It is chiefly characterized by the large broad con-
cavely angled growth of the posterior area.
Species 35. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra onorina. Mact. testd transversim ovata, trigond,
tumidiusculd, inequilaterali, levigatd, nitente, antice
dense transversim striata, incarnato-albd, epidermide
stramined prope marginem indutd, latere antico ro-
tundato, postico rostrato ; wmbonibus subcompressis ;
lunuld oblongo-ovata, striata, ared elongata.
Tue swan-Like Macrra. Shell transversely ovate, tri-
angular, rather swollen, inequilateral, smooth, shin-
ing, anteriorly closely transversely ridged, flesh-white,
covered near the margin with a straw-coloured epi-
dermis, anterior side rounded, posterior beaked ; um-
boes subcompressed; lunule oblong-ovate, striated,
area elongated.
Putter, Abbild. und Besch. Conch. vol. ii. p. 72. pl. 2.
f. 2.
Hab. Red Sea.
A delicate flesh-white polished shell, densely ridged on
the anterior side only, and peculiarly beaked at the pos-
terior extremity.
Species 36. (Mus. Cuming.)
Mactra ovauis. Mact. testd transversim ovatd, com-
pressiusculd, subequilaterali, transversim rudé striata,
sordidé albd, epidermide fulvo-olivaced crassiusculd
indutd ; umbonibus compressis, approximatis ; lunula
aredque indistinctis ; sinu pallit profundo.
THE ovaL Mactra.
compressed, nearly equilateral, transversely rudely
striated, dirty-white, covered with a rather thick ful-
vous-olive epidermis; umboes compressed, approxi-
mated; lunule and area indistinct ; sinus of the man-
tle deep.
Say, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sei. Philadelphia, vol. i. p. 309.
Spisula similis, Gray.
Mactra ponderosa, Philippi.
Hab. Massachusetts, United States.
More truly ovate than 7. Sayi, and of rougher growth,
with the lunule and area much less distinct. It attains a
much larger size than is represented in the accompanying
Plate.
Shell transversely ovate, rather
April, 1854.
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. Mactra LL.X.
Sowerby, del. eb. hth. F. Reeve, mp.
MACTRA.
Puate X.
Species 37. (Mus. Cuming.)
MAcTRA CYPRINUS.
laterali, tenui, frayili, alba, diaphand, traversim stri-
Mact. testé ovato-transversd, equi-
atd, ad umbones gibha, anticé declivi et obtusd, postice
dilatatd, subtruncatd, valde hiante, lined prominente
oblique decurrente, latere antico plano, postico promi-
nente, aperto.
Tue carp Macrra. Shell ovately transverse, equilateral,
thin, fragile, white, diaphanous, transversely striated,
gibbous at the umboes, anteriorly slanting and ob-
tuse, posteriorly dilated, subtruncated, very much
gaping, with a prominent line running down ob-
liquely, anterior side flat, posterior prominent and
open.
Gray, Wood, Index Test. pl. 1. f. 1.
Lutraria cyprina, Gray.
Cypricia cyprina, Gray.
Hab. ?
An interesting semitransparent fragile species, having
somewhat the aspect of Anatina.
Species 38. (Mus. Cuming.)
MactTRa CARINULATA. Mact. test@ trigono-transversd,
tumidd, equilaterali, utringue acute angulatd, tenuis-
sime striata, albd, epidermide tenui fulvd indutd ; lu-
nuld areaque indistinctis, grandibus, medio subelevatis ;
umbonibus angulatis ; sinu pallit angusto, profundo,
oblique ascendente.
THE FINELY-KEELED Macrra. Shell triangularly trans-
verse, swollen, equilateral, sharply angled on both
sides, very finely striated, white, covered with a thin
fulvous epidermis ; lunule and area indistinct, large,
slightly raised in the middle; umboes angled; sinus
of the mantle narrow, deep, obliquely ascending.
Dusuayes, Pro. Zool. Soe. 1854.
Hab, Gulf of California.
A shell of comparatively small size and of light growth,
partaking of the typical characters of I. Donaciformis,
and from the same locality.
Species 39. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra ponita. Mact. test trigono-ovatd, subequila-
terali, solidd, cinereo-fuscescente, incarnato tinctd,
promiscue fasciatd, dense striata, latere antico rotun-
dato, postico subflexuoso-angulato ; umbonibus minimis,
violaceis ; lunuld indistinctd, ared magna, medio sub-
elevata.
Tue PoLisHeD Macrra. Shell triangularly ovate, nearly
equilateral, solid, light ash-brown, flesh-stained, pro-
miscuously banded, densely striated, anterior side
rounded, posterior slightly flexuously angled; um-
boes very small, violet; lunule indistinct, area large,
slightly raised in the middle.
Cuemntrz, Conch. Cab. vol. vi. p. 222. pl. 22. f. 216, 217.
Mactra glabrata, Schroeter.
Mactra australis, Lamarck.
Hab. Swan River.
Thick-set with shining strie, and of a light ash-colour,
promiscuously banded, with the umboes violet-tipped.
Species 40. (Mus. Brit.)
Macrra Speneeri. Mact. testa triangulari, transversd,
equilaterali, cuneiformi, transversim obsolete striata,
albo-lutescente, sub epidermide squalidé fusculd ; um-
bonibus minimis, distantissimis, fossuld ligamenti tri-
angulari, exterius apertd, separatis; lunuld magnd,
conveviusculd ; latere postico plano, lato, angusta,
acuta, circumscriptd ; valvis solidiusculis, intus albis;
dentibus lateralibus brevibus, cardine approximatis ;
sinu pallii profundo, obtuso, horizontali.
SPENGLER’s Macrra. Shell triangular, transverse, equi-
lateral, wedge-shaped, transversely obsoletely striated,
whitish-yellow, beneath a dirty light brown epider-
mis; umboes very small, very distant, separated by
a ligamentary pit which is triangular, and outwardly
open; lunule large, rather convex, posterior side flat,
broad, narrow, sharp, circumscribed; valves rather
solid, white within; lateral teeth short, approxima-
ting to the hinge; sinus of the mantle deep, obtuse,
horizontal.
Linnaus, Syst. Nat. (12th edit.) p. 1125.
Schizodesma Spengleri, Gray.
Hab. Cape of Good Hope.
Remarkably distinguished from all other species by its
sharp wedge-like form, and by its outwardly seen exca-
vated crescent-like ligament pit.
April, 1854.
MACTRA.—Ptate X.
Species 41. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra mitis. Mact. testd trigono-ovatd, tumidd, tenui-
culd, subequilaterali, dense tenuistriatd, incarnato-spa-
diced, lateribus rotundatis, postico superné declivi ;
lunuld aredque subangustis, eleganter striatis ; wm-
bonibus parvis, approximatis.
THe ripe Macrra. Shell triangularly ovate, swollen,
rather thin, nearly equilateral, very closely finely
striated, flesh-tinged, fawn-colour, sides rounded,
posterior slanting at the upper part ; lunule and area
rather narrow, elegantly striated; umboes small, ap-
proximated.
Drsuayss, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. Mouth of the Gambia, West Africa.
A very simple character, and of a light flesh-tinged
fawn-colour.
Species 42. (Mus. Cuming.)
Mactra trRuNcATA. Mact. testé trigond, crass, solidd,
aquilaterali, sordideé alba, zonis transversis fulvis sub-
distantibus interdum notatd, latere antico rotundato,
postico subangulato et truncato ; umbonibus minimis,
angulatis, approximatis ; lunuld indistinctd, area sub-
ampla, ambabus medio subelevatis.
THE TRUNCATED Macrra. Shell triangular, thick, solid,
equilateral, dead-white, sometimes marked with trans-
verse distant fulvous zones, anterior side rounded,
posterior slightly angled and truncated ; umboes very
small, angled, approximated ; lunule indistinct, area
rather large, both slightly raised in the middle.
Monract, Test. Brit. sup. p. 34.
Pectunculus crassiusculus, Lister.
Trigonella zonaria, Da Costa.
Venus rugosa, Gmelin.
Mactra subtruncata, Donovan.
Mactra crassatella, Lamarck.
Spisula truncata, Gray.
Hab. Britain.
A simple subtruncated triangularly ovate shell, of solid
growth, of a dead white cast, more or less covered with a
thin brownish epidermis.
Species 43. (Mus. Brit.)
Macrra ELONGATA. Mact. testa@ transversim elongaté,
trigond, crass, solidd, inequilaterali, sordidé albd,
epidermide fuscé indutd, transversim rude striata,
striis ad extremitates plicato-rugosis, latere antico
brevi, truncato, postico duplo longiore, attenuato ; um-
bonibus compressis, confertis ; lunuld excavatd, subin-
distinctd, ared longa, angusta.
THE ELONGATED Macrra. Shell transversely elongated,
triangular, thick, solid, inequilateral, dead-white, co-
vered with a brown epidermis, transversely rudely
striated, striz plicately rugose at the extremities, an-
terior side short and truncated, posterior twice as
long, attenuated; umboes compressed, close-set ;
lunule excavated, rather indistinct, area long and
narrow.
Quoy and Garmarp, Voy. de l’Astrolabe, pl. 111. f. 5-8.
Spisula elongata, Gray.
Hab. New Zealand.
A shell of solid growth, and of unusually oblong trans-
verse form.
Mactra, FU Xt.
‘S owerby, del et. hth ih Reeve,mmp.
MACTRA.
Prats XI.
Species 44. (Mus. Cuming.)
MAcCTRA VITREA.
simd, vitreo-albd, inequilaterali, utrinque hiante, la-
Mact. testa trigond, turgiduld, tenuis-
tere antico brevi, subcompressd, lira obsoletd descen-
dente, postico producto, rotundato, eleganter corrugato-
plicato ; umbonibus angulatis, nitidé plicato-striatis ;
lunuld viv nulla, medio elevatd, areé subampla, cordi-
formi, plano-excavata.
THe e@tassy Mactra. Shell triangular, rather swollen,
very thin, diaphanous, glassy-white, inequilateral,
gaping at both ends, anterior side short, rather com-
pressed, with an obsolete ridge descending, posterior
produced, rounded, elegantly wrinkle-plaited; um-
boes angled, neatly plicately striated ; lunule scarcely
any, raised in the middie, area rather large, heart-
shaped, flatly excavated.
Gray, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1837, p. 372.
Hab. Moluccas.
A delicate pellucid white shell, elegantly wrinkle-plaited
down the posterior side.
Fig. 45. (Mus. Cuming.)
The shell here figured represents the Mactra typicus,
Gray, which proves to be a variety of AZ. edulis.
Species 46. (Mus. Cuming.)
MacrRa NITIDA.
turgiduld, anticé obtusa, postice subangulatd, latere
Mact. testé ovato-trigond, equilaterali,
postico depresso, angulo acutiusculo circumscripto,
candidissimd, nitente, sub epidermide flavicante, pos-
tice squalidiore ; umbonibus parvis; lunuld magna,
eleganter sulcatd, ovali, fossuld ligamenti exterius
aperté ; valvis intus albis ; sinu pallii brevi, trigono.
THE sHINING Macrra. Shell ovately triangular, equi-
lateral, rather swollen, obtuse anteriorly, slightly an-
gled posteriorly, posterior side depressed, circum-
scribed into a rather sharp angle, very white, shin-
ing, beneath a yellowish epidermis, duller on the
posterior side; umboes small; lunule large, ele-
gantly grooved, oval, ligamentary pit outwardly open ;
valves white within; sinus of the mantle short, trian-
gular.
Mactra nitida, Schroeter, Einl. Conch. vol. iii. pl. 8. f. 2.
Mactra straminea, Lamarck.
Schizodesma nitida, Gray.
Hab. Senegal.
Of a shining white substance, covered with a thin shin-
ing horny epidermis, and peculiarly sharply angled down
the posterior side.
Species 47. (Mus. Cuming.)
MactTRA FRAGILIS.
laterali, compressa, transversim tenué et irregulariter
striata, alba, sub epidermide fibrosé yriseo-flavescente,
in latere postico nigricante, latere antico obtuso, pau-
Mact. testé ovato-oblongd, subaqui-
lulum attenuato, postico subtruncato, hiante, bilirato,
liris subdistantibus ; wnbonibus compressis, approxi-
matis ; lunuld aredque elongatis, angustis.
THE FRAGILE Macrra. Shell ovately oblong, nearly
equilateral, compressed, transversely finely and irre-
gularly striated, white, beneath a greyish-yellow
fibrous epidermis, blackish on the posterior side, an-
terior side obtuse, a little attenuated, posterior sub-
truncated, gaping, two-ridged, ridges rather distant ;
umboes compressed, approximated ; lunule and area
elongated, narrow.
CuEemnitz, Conch. Cab. vol. vi. p. 236. pl. 24. f. 235.
Mactra Brasiliana, Lamarck.
Mactra oblonga, Say.
Spisula fragilis, Gray.
Hab, Honduras; Dyson.
Of rather slight form, characterized by a space down
the posterior side between two ridges, in which the epi-
dermis is darker than on the rest of the shell.
Species 48. (Mus. Cuming.)
Mactra spemisuLcata. Alact. testa transversim ovata,
tumidd, solidiusculd, inequilaterali, albidd, nitente,
epidermide tenui stramined partim indutd, latere an-
tico rotundato, transversim sulcato, sulcis medium ver-
sus evanidis, postico conspicue rostrato ; lunuld ared-
que latiusculis, plicato-striatis ; wumbonibus tumidis,
politis, approaimatis.
THE HALF-GROOVED Macrra. Shell transversely ovate,
swollen, rather solid, inequilateral, whitish, shining,
partially covered with a thin straw-coloured epider-
April, 1854.
x MACTRA.—Ptate XI.
mis, anterior side rounded, transversely grooved,
grooves fading in the middle, posterior conspicu-
ously beaked ; lunule and area rather broad, plicately
striated ; umboes swollen, polished, close.
Desuayes, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. Australia.
An interesting half-grooved anteriorly beaked shell,
having very much the form of Crassatella.
Species 49. (Mus. Cuming.)
Mactra Apansont. Mact. testdé ovato-oblongd, trans-
versa, turgiduld, subequilaterali, albo-flavicante, ni-
tente, pallidé violaceo anguste multiradiata, latere an-
tico regulariter striato, medio et latere postico levi-
gatis ; lunuld aredque ovatis, parviusculis, eleganter
striatis ; umbonibus subangulatis, violaceis.
Apanson’s Macrra. Shell ovately oblong, transverse,
rather swollen, nearly equilateral, whitish-yellow,
shining, narrowly many-rayed with pale violet, an-
terior side regularly striated, middle and posterior
side smooth; lunule and area ovate, rather small,
elegantly striated; umboes rather angular, violet-
tipped.
Puirert, Zeitschrift fir Malac. 1848, p. 152.
Le Lisor, Adanson.
Mactra lilacea ? Viamarck.
Hab. Senegal.
Approximating in some measure to I. stultorwm, but
more transverse, and more regularly violet-rayed.
Species 50. (Mus. Cuming.)
Mactra corattina. Mact. testé trigono-suborbiculari,
subequilaterali, tenui, tumidiusculd, eburned, zonulis
nonnullis transversalibus luteis aut rufescentibus no-
tatd, latere antico leviter concavo-compresso ; lunula
indistincta, postico declivi, obtuse angulato ; area per-
amplé converd ; umbonibus angulatis, confertis.
THe coraL Mactra. Shell triangularly suborbicular,
nearly equilateral, thin, rather swollen, ivory-white,
marked with a few yellowish transverse bands, an-
terior side slightly concavely compressed, with the
lunule indistinct, posterior side slanting, obtusely
angled; area very large, convex; umboes angular,
close.
Linnazus, Syst. Nat. (12th edit.) p. 1125.
Mactra lactea, Chemnitz.
Hab. Venice, Sicily.
A triangularly rounded shining white species, concavely
compressed on one side and conyexly angled on the other.
Mactra Pl Xi.
€ as “~ “
aa +2R
Vincent Brocks Dav & Son oy
WG Sowerby del el Lith ,
MACT A.
Prate XII.
Species 51. (Mus. Cuming.)
MactTRA ACHATINA. Mact. testa ovato-oblongd, ellipticd,
compressa, subequilaterali, pallidé violaced, ad wm-
bones purpurascentibus, maculis radiisque interruptis
lacteis pictd ; area lunuldque indistinctis.
Tue AGATE Macrra. Shell ovately oblong, elliptical,
compressed, nearly equilateral, pale violet, purple at
the umboes, painted with milk-white spots and in-
terrupted rays; area and lunule indistinct.
Cuemnitz, Conch. Cab. vol. ii. p. 218. f. 1957.
Mactra maculosa, Lamarck.
Mactra adspersa, Dunker.
Mactra maculata, Hanley.
Hab. Philippine Islands.
One of the most richly-coloured species of the genus,
being profusely mottled and rayed throughout with violet
and flesh-rose.
Species 52. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra FAsciata. Mact. testd ovato-trigond, inequila-
terali, tumidd, levigatdé, opaco-albd, zonis violaceis
distantibus notatd ; wnbonibus rufescente-violaceis ; la-
tere antico obtuso, leviter concavo-impresso, postico ob-
tuse angulato ; lunuld indistinctd, area subampld.
THE BANDED Macrra. Shell ovately triangular, ineequi-
lateral, swollen, smooth, opake-white, marked with
distant violet zones ; umboes reddish-violet ; anterior
side obtuse, slightly concavely impressed, posterior
obtusely angled ; lunule indistinct, area rather large.
Lamarck, Anim. sans vert. (Deshayes’ edit.) vol. vi. p. 101.
Hab. ip
A species of very simple aspect, but well distinguished
by the characters above noted.
Species 53. (Mus. Cuming.)
Mactra pura. Mact. testdé ovato-trigond, depressiusculd,
crassa, solidé, equilaterali, medio subgibba, transver-
sim inequaliter obsolete striata, candidissimd, sub epi-
dermide tenui flavescente, latere antico obtuso, postico
subangulato ; wmbonibus brevibus, depressis; lunulé
subindistinctd, plicato-striatd, ared convext.
THE purE Mactra. Shell ovately triangular, rather de-
pressed, thick, solid, equilateral, rather gibbous in
the middle, transversely unequally obsoletely striated,
very white, beneath a thin yellowish epidermis, an-
terior side obtuse, posterior slightly angulated; um-
boes short, depressed; lunule rather indistinct, pli-
cately striated, area convex.
DesHayes, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. Australia.
A solid ivory-white shell, partially covered with a straw-
coloured fibrous epidermis.
Species 54. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra compLanata. Mact. testdé transversim trigond,
depressd, equilaterali, securiformi, levigatd, albd,
utroque latere cequaliter obtusd, margine inferiore
acuto, regulariter arcuato ; lunuld magna, elongato-
lanceolata, sulco impresso cireumdatd, in medio pro-
minente, area elongata, ovato-lanceolatd, impressd,
pland, angulo duplici cireumscripta ; umbonibus par-
vis, recurvis, uncinatis ; valvis tenuibus, intus canii-
dissimis ; lamind cardinali latd, tenui ; dentibus late-
ralibus brevibus, lamellosis, triangularibus, abrupte
truncatis ; sinu pallii brevi, semiellipticad, descendente.
Tue smMootH Macrra. Shell transversely triangular,
depressed, equilateral, hatchet-shaped, smooth, white,
equally obtuse on each side, lower margin sharp, re-
gularly arched; lunule large, elongately lanceolate,
surrounded with an impressed groove, prominent in
middle, area elongated, ovately lanceolate, impressed,
flat, circumscribed by a double angle; umboes small,
recurved, hooked; valves thin, very white within ;
hinge lamina broad, thin; lateral teeth short, lamel-
lous, triangular, abruptly truncated; sinus of the
mantle short, semielliptic, descending.
Dessuayes, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. Yndian Ocean.
A singularly broad depressed species, with somewhat
of a Lucina aspect.
Species 55. (Mus. Cuming.)
Mactra semistriata. act. testd transversim ovatd,
tumidd, gibbosé, subequilaterali, lateribus rotundatis,
postico paulo longiore, livido-albd, nitente, ad umbones
purpurascente, epidermine tenur partim induta, antice
April, 1854.
~ MACTRA.—P ate XII.
sulcatd, postice levigatd ; lunuld aredque latiusculis,
plicato-striatis.
THE HALF-sTRIATED Macrra. Shell transversely ovate,
swollen, gibbous, nearly equilateral, sides rounded,
the posterior rather the longer, livid white, shining,
purplish at the umboes, partially covered with a thin
straw-coloured epidermis, anteriorly grooved, striated,
posteriorly smooth; lunule and area rather broad,
plicately striated.
Desuayes, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. ——?
Of rather subglobose form, groove-striated over the
anterior half of the shell.
Species 56. (Mus. Cuming.)
Mactra MACULATA. act. testa trigono-ovatd, tenuiculd,
compressa, imequilaterali, transversim irregulariter
tenuistriata, albidd, ferrugineo-fuscescente marmoratd,
postice castaneo-tinctd, latere antico brevi, rotundato,
postico declivi, attenuato-angulato ; lunuld subindis-
tincta, area oblonga, punctulatd ; wmbonibus parvis,
approximatis.
Tue spotted Macrra. Shell triangularly ovate, rather
thin, compressed, inequilateral, transversely finely ir-
regularly striated, whitish, mottled with light rust-
brown, posteriorly chestnut-tinged; anterior side
short, rounded, posterior slanting, attenuately an-
gled; lunule rather indistinct, area oblong, dotted ;
umboes small, close.
Cuemnitz, Conch. vol. vi. pl. 41. f. 208, 209.
Mactra squalida, Lamarck.
Mactra setosa, Quoy.
Hab. Philippine Islands; Cuming.
Of rather compressed form, produced on the posterior
side into a subattenuated angle.
Species 57. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra vioLtacea. Mact. testd ovato-trigond, equilate-
rali, tenui, fragili, postice paululum hiante, undique
intense violaced, transversim dense tenuissime striata,
epidermide tenui versus marginem; lunulé areaque
lanceolato-ovatis ; umbonibus approximatis.
Tue viotetT Macrra. Shell ovately triangular, equi-
lateral, thin, fragile, a little gaping at the posterior
end, everywhere deep violet, transversely densely very
finely striated, with a slight epidermis towards the
margin; lunule and area lanceolately ovate ; umboes
close.
CuEmnitz, Conch. vol. vi. p. 220. pl. 22. f. 213, 214.
Hab. Malacca.
A shell of light structure, always distinguished by its
uniform deep violet colouring within and without.
Mactra, PU Mtl
64 Vincent Brooks [mp
Sowerby del et hth
MACTRA.
Prats XIII.
Species 58. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra ornata. Mact. testa ovato-transversa, compres-
siusculd, tenuiculd, equilaterali, levigaté, substriatda,
antice obtusa, postice declivi et oblique truncata, ad
umbones purpurascente-rosed, in medio roseo obscure
radiata, maculis albis marmoratd ; umbonibus parvis,
levigatis ; lunuld ovatd, albescente, striatd ; valvis in-
tus purpurascente-roseo tinctis ; sinu pallit lato, semi-
circulart.
orNATE Macrra, Shell ovately transverse, rather
compressed, rather thin, equilateral, smooth, finely
striated, anteriorly obtuse, posteriorly slanting and
obliquely truncated, purple-rose at the umboes, ob-
seurely rayed with rose in the middle, and mottled
with white spots; umboes small, smooth; lunule
ovate, whitish, striated; valves stained within with
pwrple-rose; sinus of the mantle broad, semicir-
cular.
Gray, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1837, p. 371.
Hab. China Seas.
THE
Richly stained and rayed with clear purple-rose, pro-
miscuously mottled with white.
Species 59. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra pissimiuis. Mact. testd transversd, ovato-tri-
goni, inaquilaterali, turgiduld, nitidd, albo-grised,
transversim cinereo-zonatd, intus purpureo-violaced,
lutere untico paulo breviore, obtuso, superne recto, de-
clivi, latere postico superné convewiusculo, extremitate
obtuso ; umbonibus brevibus, acutis, posticé obtuse an-
gulatis ; lunuldé aredque distinctis, eleganter sulcatis ;
valvis regulariter transversim tenue sulcatis, sulcis ver-
sus umbones evanescentibus.
THE DIssIMILAR Macrra. Shell transverse, ovately tri-
angular, inequilateral, rather swollen, shining, whitish-
grey, transversely ash-zoned, interior purple-violet ;
anterior side rather the shorter, obtuse, straight and
slanting at the upper part, posterior side rather con-
vex at the upper part, obtuse at the extremity; um-
boes short, sharp, posteriorly obtusely angled ; lunule
and area distinct, elegantly grooved; valves regu-
larly transversely finely grooved, grooves fading
away towards the umboes.
Desuayes, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. Australia; Jukes.
A rather solid transversely grooved shell, of a violet-
ash hue, presenting somewhat of a Donav-like aspect.
Species 60. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra puncura. Mact. testé ovato-trigond, inequila-
terali, tumidiusculd, solidd, anticé breviore, rotundatd,
postice attenuatd, flavescente-cinered, obscure fusco-
radiata, anticé transversim regulariter sulcatd ; um-
bonibus tumidis, obliquis, levigatis, violaceo-tinctis ;
area lunuldque ovatis, fusco-violascentibus, eleganter
suleatis, superné albis; sinu pallii angusto, obtuso,
profundo ; valvis intus rufo-violaceis.
THE BEAUTIFUL Macrra. Shell ovately triangular, in-
equilateral, rather swollen, solid, anteriorly shorter,
rounded, posteriorly attenuated, yellowish-ash, ob-
scurely brown-rayed, transversely regularly grooved
on the anterior side ;
smooth, violet-tinged ; area and lunule ovate, brown-
violet, elegantly grooved, whitish at the upper part ;
sinus of the mantle narrow, obtuse, deep; valves red-
dish-violet within.
Gray, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1837, p. 372.
Hab. Red Sea.
A shining reddish-ash species, grooved on the anterior
side only, not distinguished by any particular beauty.
wmboes_ swollen, oblique,
Species 61. (Mus. Cuming.)
Mactra INcARNATA. WMact. testé ovato-transversd, sub-
trigond, tumidiusculd, inequilaterali, postice paululum
rostrata, tenuistriatd, nitidd, albidd, incarnato-roseo ele-
ganter radiata ; umbonibus parvis, approximatis; lunuldé
aredque sublanceolatis, prominente sulcatis.
THE FLESH-TINTED Mactra. Shell ovately transverse,
subtriangular, rather swollen, inequilateral, posteri-
orly a little beaked, finely striated, shining, whitish,
elegantly rayed with flesh-rose; umboes small, ap-
proximated; lunule and area sublanceolate, promi-
nently grooved.
Dersuayss, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. Swan River; Bacon.
A characteristic subrostrate transversely ovate shell,
prettily rayed throughout with flesh-rose.
Apmil, 1854.
2 MACTRA.—Puate XIIL.
Species 62. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra Donactrormis. act. testd ovato-trigond, in-
a@qualiterali, turgidd, semicordatd ; umbonibus acutis,
oppositis, distantibus, transversim tenuissime striata, sub
epidermide fulvd alba, anticé obtusa, postice late plana
et angulata, extremitate acuminata.
THe Donax-sHaPpeD Mactra. Shell ovately triangular,
inequilateral, swollen, semicordate; umboes sharp,
opposite, distant, transversely very finely striated,
white, beneath a fulvous epidermis, anteriorly obtuse,
posteriorly broadly flat and angled, acuminated at
the extremity.
Mulinia Donaciformis, Gray, Aun. and Mag. Nat. Hist.
1837, p. 376. Beechey’s Voyage, Moll. p. 154. pl.
44. £.13.
Hab. New Zealand.
A very characteristic species, resembling particularly
the form of the Donax-shaped species of drca.
Species 63. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra vireo. Mact. testd ovato-trigond, subequila-
terali, crassd, solidd, depressiusculd, irregulariter
transversim crebristriata, intus extusque candidissimd,
nitente, utroque latere equaliter declivi, anticé obtusa,
postice acuminata, subflecuosé ; umbonibus minimis,
acutis, approwimatis ; lunuld aredque levigatis ; sinu
pallii brevi, lato, obtuso, obliquo.
Tue virgin Macrra. Shell ovately triangular, nearly
equilateral, thick, solid, rather depressed, irregularly
transversely closely striated, very white within and
without, shining, both sides equally slanting, ante-
riorly obtuse, posteriorly acuminated, subflexuous ;
umboes very small, sharp, approximated; lunule and
area smooth; sinus of the mantle short, broad, ob-
tuse, oblique.
Desnayes, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. Swan River.
An ivory-white solid shell, of a depressly triangular
form, rather flexuously acuminated on the posterior side.
Species 64. (Mus. Cuming.)
Mactra Dysont. Mact. testé transversim oblonga, sub-
trigond, compressa, subequilaterali, postice leviter acu-
minatd, sub epidermide flavescente tenui calcareo-albd,
wregulariter transversim striata ; umbonibus subacute
angulatis ; lunuld aredque subangulatis.
Dyson’s Macrra. Shell transversely oblong, subtrian-
gular, compressed, nearly equilateral, posteriorly
slightly acuminated, chalk-white, beneath a thin yel-
lowish epidermis, irregularly transversely striated ;
umboes rather sharply angled; lunule and area
slightly angled.
DesnHayes, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. China.
Of a peculiarly delicate opake chalk-white, beneath a
very slight yellowish epidermis, compressed and angled
towards the umboes.
Mactra Pt MV
Sowerby del et lith il Vincent Brooks Imp
MACTRA.
Puate XIV.
Species 65. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrtra aspersa. Mact. testd elongato-transversd, ellip-
tica, compressa, inequilaterali, latere postico antico
duplo longiore, transversim irregulariter tenuisulcaté
et striata, albd, maculis epidermidis nigro-fusce pecu-
liariter notatd ; umbonibus parvis, approvimatis.
THE SPRINKLED Macrra. Shell elongately transverse,
elliptic, compressed, inequilateral, posterior side twice
as long as the anterior, transversely irregularly finely
grooved and striated, white, peculiarly marked with
spots of black-brown epidermis; umboes small, ap-
proximated.
Sowerby, Tankerville Catalogue, Appendix, p. 2.
Spisula tenera, Gray.
Hab. Philippine Islands ; Cuming.
The characteristic dark spots of this species reside only
in the epidermis.
Species 66. (Mus. Cuming.)
MACTRA OVALINA.
laterali, compressa, alba, hyalind, tenuissimée transver-
Mact. testé ovato-transversd, subaqui-
sim striata, utrinque obtusd ; umbonibus parvis, levi-
satis, approximatis ; ared lanceolata, depressione bica-
rinatd subflexuosa utrinque notatd, lunuld angustd, de-
pressiusculd ; sin pallii subelliptico, in medio latiore.
THE OvALINE Macrra. Shell ovately transverse, nearly
equilateral, compressed, white, hyaline, very finely
transversely striated, obtuse at both ends; umboes
small, smooth, approximated; area lanceolate, with
a bicarinate subflexuous depression on each side, lu-
nule narrow, rather depressed; sinus of the mantle
subelliptic, broader in the middle.
Lamarck, Anim. sans vert. (Deshayes’ edit.) vol. vi. p. 104.
Hab. West Columbia; Cuming.
A compressed subtransparent white shell, with a cha-
racteristic two-keeled flexuous depression down each side
of the area.
Species 67. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra prpressa. Mact. testdé ovato-transversd, subtri-
gond, inequilaterali, depress, transversim irregulariter
tenuistriatd, alba, sub epidermide tenui stramined, latere
antico superné concaviusculo, postico convexiusculo ;
lunuld aredque sublanceolatis ; cardine lato, solidius-
culo, dentibus lateralibus brevibus; sinu pallit lato,
oblique arcuato.
THE DEPRESSED Mactra. Shell ovately transverse, sub-
triangular, inequilateral, depressed, transversely irre-
gularly finely striated, white, beneath a light straw-
coloured epidermis, anterior side rather concave at
the upper part, posterior rather convex; lunule and
area sublanceolate ; hinge broad, rather solid; lateral
teeth short; sinus of the mantle broad and obliquely
arched.
Spenaier, Skriv. Naturch. Selsk. vol. v. p. 118.
Hab. Australia.
Of very simple oval form, obtusely rounded at each end.
Species 68. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra Savutrm. Mact. testd ovatd, subtrigond, equi-
laterali, depressi, pland, extremitatibus rotundatd et
hiante, sub epidermide sericed alba fusco-violaceo-ra-
diatd ; lunuld aredque angustis, macula fusco-violaced
notatis ; valvis tenuibus, fragilibus, transversim tenui-
striatis ; sinu pallii lato.
Sauv’s Macrra. Shell ovate, subtriangular, equilateral,
depressed, flat, rounded and gaping at the extremi-
ties, white, rayed with brown-violet, beneath a silky
epidermis; lunule and area narrow, marked with
fuscous-violet ; valves thin and fragile, transversely
finely striated; sinus of the mantle broad.
Gray, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1837.
Hab. Senegal.
A very distinct and well-marked species, remarkable
for its fine transversely fibrous silky epidermis.
Species 69. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra TRISTIS.
pressd, inequilaterali, utrinque hiante, squalid? albé,
suberosd, versus marginem epidermide fusco induté,
transversim irregulariter dense striata, latere antico
brevi, rotundato, postico duplo longiore, leviter Jflewuoso-
angulato ; umbonibus minimis, approximatis ; lunuld
aredque indistinctis ; sinu pallii magno, obtuso, basi
dilatato.
THE sap Macrra.
Mact. testé suborbiculari, valde com-
Shell suborbicular, very compressed,
April, 1854.
= MACTRA.—Ptate XIV.
inequilateral, gaping at each end, dirty-white, sub-
eroded, covered towards the margin with a brown
epidermis, transversely irregularly closely striated,
anterior side short and rounded, posterior twice
as long, slightly flexuously angled; umboes very
small, approximated; lunule and area indistinct ;
sinus of the mantle large, obtuse, dilated at the base.
Drsuayss, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. Moreton Bay, Australia.
A very compressed suborbicular shell, rough and eroded,
except where covered with a dark olive-brown fibrous epi-
dermis.
Species 70. (Mus. Cuming.)
MactTRra EXPLANATA.
press, eburned, levigatd, nitente, latere antico lato,
obtuso, paulo breviore, postico declivi, attenuato, hi-
Mact. testé ovato-subtrigond, com-
ante ; umbonibus parvis, approximatis ; lunuld lanceo-
lata, medio elevatd, ared angustd, concavd, anguld bi-
carinatd utringue notatd ; cardine peculiariter lato et
excavato ; sinu pallii lato, profundiusculo, obtusissimo.
THe smootH Macrra. Shell ovately subtriangular,
compressed, ivory-white, smooth, shining, anterior
side broad, obtuse, rather the shorter, posterior
slanting and attenuated, gaping; umboes small, ap-
proximated ; lunule lanceolate, raised in the middle,
area narrow, concave, with a two-keeled angle on
each side; hinge peculiarly broad and excavated ;
sinus of the mantle broad, rather deep, very obtuse.
DesnayeEs, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. Swan River, Australia.
A subpellucid shining ivory-white compressed shell, with
avery peculiar hinge, the lateral teeth in each valve forming
an unusually broad lamellar trench.
Species 71. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra EGENA. Mact. testd ovato-transversd, compressa,
inequilaterali, candidissind, transversim irregulariter
striata, latere antico brevi, angustato, superné declivi,
latere postico latiore; ared angustissimd, profunda,
utringue angulum trregulariter plicato-notatd, lunuld
lanceolata ; umbonibus parvis, approximatis ; sinu
pallu profundo, lato, digitiformi, dimidiam partem
valvarum attingente.
THE DISTRESSED Macrra. Shell ovately transverse,
compressed, inequilateral, very white, transversely
irregularly striated, anterior side short, narrowed,
slanting at the upper part, posterior side broader ;
area very narrow, deep, with an irregularly plaited
obtuse angle on each side, lunule lanceolate ; umboes
small, approximated ; sinus of the mantle deep, broad,
finger-shaped, reaching to the half of the valve.
Desuayes, Pro. Zool. Soe. 1854.
Hab. ?
Somewhat resembling 17. Dysoni, but more inequilateral,
and roughly plicated on each side the cardinal area, which
is pressed inwards.
Vhactra PL AV
Vincent Brooks [mp
Sowerby del cthth.
MACTRA.
Puate XV.
Species 72. (Mus. Brit.)
MacrRA BILINEATA.
pressd, pellucido-alba, epidermide sericed sparsim in-
Mact. testé oblongo-ovata, subcom-
duti, inequilaterali, latere antico rotundato, postico
longiore, subobsoleté concavo-angulato, angulo utringque
lineari-carinato ; lunuld vie nulla.
THE BILINEATED Macrra. Shell oblong-ovate, rather
compressed, transparent white, covered here and there
with a silky epidermis, inequilateral, anterior side
rounded, posterior longer, somewhat obsoletely con-
cavely angled, angle linearly keeled down each side ;
scarcely any lunule.
C. B. Apams (Mus. Cuming).
Hab. Jamaica.
A clear subtransparent shell, partially covered with a
slight silky epidermis, characterized on the posterior side
by a bi-linearly keeled angle.
Species 73. (Mus. Brit.)
Mactra Terxurnorpes. AMact. testé subtrigono-ovatd,
opaco-alba, lavigatd, epidermide fuscescente sparsim
induld, inequilaterali, latere antico brevi, rotundato,
postico laté angulato et producto ; umbonibus acutis ;
lunuld vie nulla.
Tue TELLEN-Like Macrra. Shell somewhat triangu-
larly ovate, opake-white, smooth, sparingly covered
with a light brown epidermis, inequilateral, anterior
side short, rounded, posterior broadly angled and
produced ; umboes sharp, scarcely any lunule.
Conrad, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia.
Hab. ?
This species differs from the following in being of an
opake chalk-white and smooth, whilst that is shining white
and strongly striated.
Species 74. (Mus. Brit.)
MactTRA SUBLANCEOLATA.
alba, inequilaterali, lateribus ambobus subangulatis,
Mact. testé subtrigono-ovata,
latere antico transversim striato, postico longiore, sub-
lanceolato, minus striato ; lunula indistincté, ared pos-
ticali latd, subconcava.
THE SUBLANCEOLATE Mactra. Shell somewhat trian-
gularly ovate, white, ineequilateral, both sides rather
angular, anterior side transversely striated, posterior
longer, sublanceolate, less striated ; lunule indistinct,
posterior area broad, rather concave.
Desuayes, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. ?
A shining white species, sharply transversely striated,
chiefly on the posterior side, with a rather broad wedge-
like area on the posterior side.
Species 75. (Mus. Cuming.)
MActTRA CORNEA.
‘
Mact. testi subtrigond, tenui, ventri-
cosa, transversim tenuistriatd, striis irregularibus, ad
latera rugosis ; incarnato-albd, obscure concentrice fas-
ciatd ; subequilaterali, latere antico rotundato, postico
longiore, subproducto ; lunuld ampld, subindistincté ;
umbonibus conspicuis, confertis.
THe worNy Macrra. Shell somewhat triangular, ven-
tricose, transversely finely striated, strie irregular,
rugose at the sides; flesh-white, obscurely concen-
trically banded; nearly equilateral, anterior side
rounded, posterior longer, somewhat produced ; lu-
nule large, rather indistinct ; umboes conspicuous,
close-set.
Dersuayes, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Fab. ?
A light flesh-tinged shell, quite distinct in its characters
from any other species.
Species 76. (Mus. Brit.)
Mactra Morcutsonr. Mact. testé ovatd, subventricosd,
solidiusculd, alba, levigati, epidermide stramined ver-
sus marginem indutd, subequilaterali, latere antico
rotundato, postico sublongiore, leviter angulato-pro-
ducto, angulo lineari-carinato ; lunuld perampld, cor-
rugato-liratd ; umbonibus confertis.
Murcutson’s Macrra. Shell ovate, subventricose, rather
solid, white, smooth, covered towards the margin
with a straw-coloured epidermis, nearly equilateral,
anterior side rounded, posterior rather the longer,
slightly angularly produced, angle linearly keeled ;
lunule very large, wrinkle-ridged ; umboes close-set.
Desuayes, Pro, Zool. Soc. 1854.
May, 1854.
3 MACTRA.—PtuatTE XV.
Hab. New Zealand; Major Greenwood.
A solid opake-white shell, covered towards the margin
with a clear thin straw-coloured epidermis, having the an-
terior lunule very large and peculiarly wrinkle-edged.
Species 77. (Mus. Brit.)
Macrra Byrongnsts. Mact. testé ovatd, solidiusculd,
gibbosd, opaco-albé, equilaterali, anticé rotundatd,
postice obtuse subangulatd ; lunuld indistincté ; um-
bonibus parvis, subremotis.
Tue Byron Macrra. Shell ovate, rather solid, gibbous,
opake-white, equilateral, anteriorly rounded, poste-
riorly obtusely slightly angled; lunule indistinct ;
umboes small, rather distant.
Mulinia Byronensis, Gray in Brit. Mus.
Hab. South America; Capt. Lord Byron.
An opake-white solid shell, of somewhat gibbous oval
form, with little or no sculpture or inequality of growth.
Species 78. (Mus. Brit.)
MactRa EXALBIDA.
sus marginem compressa, caleareo-alba, irregulariter
Mact. testa subquadyato-ovata, ver-
rugoso-striatd, epidermide tenui stramined sparsim in-
duté, inequilaterali, latere antico brevi, rotundato,
postico oblique rotundato, multo longiore ; lunula vin
nulla ; umbonibus subremotis.
THE VERY WHITE Mactra. Shell somewhat squarely
ovate, compressed towards the margin, chalk-white,
irregularly roughly striated, sparingly covered with a
thin straw-coloured epidermis, inequilateral, anterior
side short, rounded, posterior obliquely rounded,
much longer; scarcely any lunule; umboes rather
distinct.
Mulinia evxalbida, Gray in Brit. Mus.
Hab. South America; Capt. P. P. King.
Of an eroded chalk-white character, roundly oblong-
produced on the posterior side.
MaaraPl.X V1.
85
MACTRA.
Pirate XVI.
Species 79. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra GipposuLa. act. testd subtrigono-cordatd, te-
nuiculd, gibbosd, inequilaterali, transversim filiformi-
striata, versus umbones levigata, alba, ferrugineo-fus-
cescente pallidissime tinctd, latere antico brevi, pos-
tico declivi, obtuse angulatd ; umbonibus tumidis, utrin-
que angulatis, approvimatis ; lunulad aredque latiuscu-
lis, eleganter plicatis, medio elevatis.
Gtepous Mactra. Shell somewhat triangularly
cordate, rather thin, gibbous, inequilateral, trans-
versely thread-like striated, smooth towards the um-
boes, white, faintly tinged with rust-brown, anterior
side short, posterior slanting, obtusely angled; um-
boes swollen, angled on each side, close; lunule and
area rather broad, elegantly plicated, raised in the
middle.
Desnayes, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. Indian Seas.
THE
A thin swollen species, having somewhat the general
aspect of a Cardium.
Species 80. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra prcora. Mact. testd ovato-transversd, turgida,
inequilaterali, nitidd, albo et violaceo eleganter radiata
et transversim zonatd, latere antico breviore, obtuso,
transversim tenue regulariter sulcato, sulcis in medio
evunescentibus ; umbonibus tumidiusculis, atro-violaceis,
parum distantibus ; lunuldé albo et violaceo bicoloraté,
reguluriter plicatd, ared concaviusculd, tenuiplicata.
THe HaNDsoME Macrra. Shell ovately transverse,
swollen, inequilateral, shining, elegantly rayed and
transversely zoned with white and violet, anterior
side the shorter, obtuse, transversely finely irregularly
grooved, grooves disappearing towards the middle;
umboes rather swollen, dark violet, but little distant ;
lunule two-coloured with white and violet, regularly
plicated, area rather concave, thinly plicated.
Drsuayes, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. ?
Of a Cytherea aspect, grooved on the anterior half, ele-
gantly banded and faintly rayed with cinereous violet.
Species 81. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra Luzonica.
a@quilaterali, subsymmetricé turgiduld, aqualiter utro-
Mact. testd transversim trigond,
que latere declivi, latere antico subobsoleté sulcato, sul-
cis in medio plus minus evanescentibus, nitidd, pallidé
fusca vel albo-rufescente, in latere postico castaned, ex-
tremitatibus equaliter obtusis; wnbonibus minimis,
acutis, apice violaceis ; lunuld aredque subequalibus,
requlariter plicatis, violaceo maculatis.
Tue Luzon Mactra. Shell transversely triangular, equi-
lateral, rather symmetrically swollen, slanting equally
on each side, anterior side faintly grooved, the grooves
more or less fading in the middle, shining, pale brown
or whitish-red, chestnut on the posterior side, extre-
mities equally obtuse; umboes very small, sharp,
violet at the apex; lunule and area nearly equal, re-
gularly plicated, spotted with violet.
Desuayes, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab, Island of Luzon, Philippines.
A smooth reddish-ash fawn shell, violet-tipped at the
umboes, chiefly remarkable for its equilateral oblong trian-
gular form.
Species 82. (Mus. Cuming.)
Mactra MERA. MMact. testd ovato-trigond, turgiduld, levi-
gata, nitida, inequilaterali, corneo-flavescente, ad wm-
bones rufescente, zonulis transversalibus saturatioribus
distanter interruptd, intus corneo-rufescente, latere an-
tico paulo breviore, obtuso, superne declivi et convexius-
culo, postico attenuato, valdé declivi, umbones versus
conveniusculo ; umbonibus depressis, parum obliquis,
approvimatis, acutis ; lunuld aredque ovatis, tumidius-
culis, regulariter plicatis.
Tue PLAIN Macrra.
swollen, smooth, shining, inequilateral, horny-yellow-
ish, reddish at the umboes, distantly interrupted with
darker transverse zones, interior horny-red, anterior
side a little the shorter, obtuse, slanting and rather
convex at the upper part, posterior side attenuated,
very slanting, rather convex towards the umboes;
umboes depressed, a little oblique, approximated,
sharp; lunule and area ovate, rather swollen, regu-
larly plicated.
Desuayss, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Shell ovately triangular, rather
May, 1854.
MACTRA.—Ptate XVI.
Hab. China Sea.
A subtriangular rather swollen shell, of a peculiar livid
rose hue, irregularly obscurely banded across.
Species 83. (Mus. Cuming.)
MaActTRA ANGULIFERA.
versa, compressa, utroque latere hiante, subequilaterali,
candida, nitidd, transversim obsolete irregulariter stri-
atd, latere antico breviore, obtuso, superné concavius-
culo, postico declivi, brevi, truncato, angulo acuto an-
gusto oblique decurrente ; wnbonibus brevibus, depressis,
obliquis, tenué regulariter plicatis ; lunuld ovata, levi-
Mact. testi ovato-trigond, trans-
gata, concaviusculd, ared angustd, concava.
THE ANGLED Macrra. Shell ovately triangular, trans-
verse, compressed, gaping on both sides, nearly equi-
lateral, white, shining, transversely obsoletely irre-
gularly striated, the anterior side the shorter, obtuse,
rather concave at the upper part; posterior slanting,
short, truncated, with a sharp narrow angle running
down obliquely; umboes short, depressed, oblique,
thinly regularly plicated; lunule ovate, smooth,
rather concave, area narrow, concave.
Desnaygs, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. Island of Ticao, Philippines ; Cuming.
A very compressed shining white species, with a singu-
larly oblique keel-edged area.
Species 84. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra symmerrica. Mact. testd trigond, equilaterali,
turgiduld, levigatd, nitidd, ad marginem inferiorem
transversim sulcatd, pallideé flavicante, lateribus equa-
liter declivibus et attenuatis, superné convexiusculis,
margine inferiore regulariter arcuato ; lunuld aredque
aequalibus, eleganter plicatis; umbonibus minimis,
acutis, oppositis, antice maculd violaced notatis.
THE SYMMETRICAL MactrRa. Shell triangular, equilateral,
rather swollen, smooth, shining, transversely grooved
at the lower margin, pale yellowish, sides equally
slanting and attenuated, rather convex at the upper
part, lower margin regularly arched; lunule and area
equal, elegantly plicated; umboes very small, sharp,
opposite, marked in front with a violet spot.
Desuayes, Pro. Zool. Soe. 1854.
ili, =P OAL Called trum ' fide Rorh.
A plain Donaw -like species, of a uniform yellowish
stone-colour, particularly neatly plaited on the lunule and
area.
Species 85. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra Rervet. Mact. testi rotundato-trigonda, inflata,
solidd, subequilaterali, transversim obsolete striatd,
epidermide tenui stramined tenué striata lamellosd in-
dutd, albo-rufescente, maculis sparsis inequalibus fuscis
ornatd, postice eastaneo-tinctd, latere antico paulo bre-
viore, late rotundato, postico attenuato, declivi, brevi-
truncato ; umbonibus prominulis, approximatis ; lunuld
aredque subindistinctis, simplicibus.
Reeve’s Mactra. Shell rotundately triangular, inflated,
solid, nearly equilateral, transversely obsoletely stri-
ated, covered with a thin finely striated lamellous
straw-coloured epidermis, whitish-red, ornamented
with a few unequal brown spots, posteriorly chestnut-
stained, anterior side a little the shorter, broadly
rounded, posterior attenuated, slanting, shortly trun-
cated; umboes rather prominent, approximated ; |u-
nule and area rather indistinct, simple.
Dersuayes, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. New Caledonia.
Allied to WM. maculata, but more solid and Cytherea-
like, less attenuated posteriorly.
Mactra PLX VIL.
GA
Brooks Imp
Sowerby del et ith
MACTRA.
Puate XVII.
Species 86. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra conrraria. AMact. testa ovato-trigond, equila-
terali, compressiusculd, nitidd, transversim obsolete
tenuissime striata, utroque latere convewxo, declivi, sub-
angulatis, margine inferiore valde arcuato; lunuld
aredque sulcatis, sulcis lunule profundis, inferne con-
vergentibus, rugis brevibus ad extremitate anticd, al-
bidé ; umbonibus minimis, violaceo-tinctis.
THE coNTRARY Macrra. Shell ovately triangular, equi-
lateral, rather compressed, shining, transversely ob-
soletely very finely striated, rather convex, slanting
and slightly angled on both sides, lower margin very
much arched; lunule and area grooved, grooves of
the lunule deep, converging at the lower part, with
short wrinkles at the anterior extremity, whitish;
umboes very small, tipped with violet.
DesHayes, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. ?
A rather thin triangularly compressed shell, peculiarly
plait-wrinkled at the anterior extremity, with the umboes
tipped in a characteristic manner with violet.
Species 87. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra tNmquatts. Mact. testd ovato-transversd, sub-
trigond, inequilaterali, compressiusculd, ad marginem
inferiorem acutiusculd, politd, nitente, epidermide fla-
vescente corned indutd, latere antico longiore, subatte-
nuato, obtuso, postico angulato ; lunuld aredque tenui-
plicatis ; umbonibus brevibus, acutis, oppositis.
THE unequal Macrra. Shell ovately transverse, sub-
triangular, imequilateral, rather compressed, rather
sharp at the lower margin, polished, shining, covered
with a yellowish-hormy epidermis, anterior side the
longer, rather attenuated, and obtuse, posterior an-
gled; lunule and area thinly plicated; umboes short,
sharp, opposite.
Dusuayes, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab, China Sea.
A smooth pallid shell, covered towards the margin with
a warm yellowish-horny epidermis, peculiar in having the
anterior side longer than the posterior.
Species 88. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra TRANSVERSA. act. testé ovato-oblongd, trans-
versd, subaequilaterali, solidiusculd, compressa, albida,
epidermide squalide flavicante, transversim regulariter
suleata, latere antico declivi, subacuminato, postico an-
gulo acuto inferné terminato, obliqué truncato, angulo
decurrente ; umbonibus parvis, acutis, oppositis.
THE TRANSVERSE Macrra. Shell ovately oblong, trans-
verse, nearly equilateral, rather solid, compressed,
whitish, covered with a dull yellowish epidermis, re-
gularly transversely grooved, anterior side slanting,
rather acuminated, posterior terminating at the lower
part with a sharp angle, obliquely truncated, with an
angle running down; wmboes small, sharp, opposite.
Drsnayns, Pro. Zool. Soe. 1854.
Hab. ?
A triangularly compressed shell, of rather solid growth,
transversely grooved, covered with a dull ochraceous epi-
dermis.
Species 89. (Mus. Cuming.)
Mactra BLecans. act. testa rotundato-trigond, tumida,
tenui, diaphano-albd, edermide fibrosi ad marginem
indutd, equilaterali, antice rotundatd, postice subros-
tratd et lamellato-carinaté, transversim concentricée un-
dique costaté ; lunuld cordatd, concavd, levigatd, areé
angustd, concavd, utringue carinatd ; umbonibus ap-
proximatis.
Tae eLecant Macrra. Shell rotundately triangular,
swollen, thin, diaphanous-white, covered at the mar-
gin with a fibrous epidermis, equilateral, anteriorly
rounded, posteriorly slightly beaked and lamellately
keeled, transversely concentrically ribbed throughout;
lunule heart-shaped, concave, smooth, area narrow,
coneave, keeled on each side; umboes close.
Sowersy, Tankerville Catalogue, Appendix, p. 2. pl. 1. f.3.
Hab. Florida.
This truly elegant species, first described and figured
by Mr. Sowerby in the Tankerville Catalogue, is of a
triangularly globose form, and of thin diaphanous-white
substance, prominently concentrically ribbed throughout.
Species 90. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra sustruncata. Mact. testa ovato-subtrigond, in-
equilateral, transversim striato-sulcatd, sub epider-
mide sordide flavescente cretaceo-albi, latere antico ro-
May, 1854.
~ MACTRA.—Ptate XVII.
tundato, postico subrostrato, longiore ; ared lunuldque
subamplis, striatis ; ligamento eatus conspicuo ; wn-
bonibus approximatis.
suBTRUNCATE Mactra. Shell ovately subtrian-
gular, inequilateral, transversely striately grooved,
chalk-white beneath a dirty-yellowish epidermis, an-
terior side rounded, posterior slightly beaked, longer;
area and lunule rather large, striated ; ligament con-
spicuous without; umboes approximated.
Monracu, Testacea Britannica, p. 93, and Sup. p. 37.
pl. 27. f. 1.
Trigonella subtruncata, Da Costa.
Mactra lactea, Poli.
Mactra truncata, Brown.
Mactra deltoides, Collard.
Spisula subtruncata, Gray.
Hab. Kuropean Seas.
THE
A rather solid epidermis-covered shell, somewhat re-
sembling Gnathodon in general aspect.
Species 91. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra raprotata. Mact. testé trigond, obliqua, in-
equilaterali, turgidd, cordiformi, sub epidermide fla-
vescente tenuissimd albd, roseo radiolatda, latere antico
paulo breviore, late rotundato, postico rapide declivi,
attenuato ; lunuldé aredque convewiusculis, regulariter
plicato-striatis ; wmbonibus tumidis, prominentibus, pa-
rum obliquis.
THE FINELY-RAYED Macrra. Shell triangular, oblique,
inequilateral, swollen, heart-shaped, white, finely
rayed with rose beneath a very thin yellowish epi-
dermis, anterior side a little the shorter, broadly
rounded, posterior rapidly slanting, attenuated; lu-
nule and area rather convex, regularly plicately stri-
ated; umboes swollen, prominent, a little oblique.
Desnayes, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. Island of Zebu, Philippines; Cuming.
Distinguished by its shortly triangular form, and deli-
cately red-rayed painting.
Species 92. (Mus. Cuming.)
Mactra Reevesit. Mact. testa elongato-transversd, do-
naciformi, inequilaterali, compressa, albd, ad umbones
eleganter concentricé plicatd, deinde levigatd, nitida,
latere antico longiore subarcuato et rostrato, postico
oblique truncato, angulatis, lateribus ambobus hiantibus ;
lunuld impressi, lanceolato-ovatd, ared magna, concava,
utringue carinatda.
Reerves’s Macrra. Shell elongately transverse, donax-
shaped, inequilateral, compressed, white, concentri-
cally elegantly plaited about the umboes, then
smooth, shining, anterior side rather arched and
beaked, posterior obliquely truncated, angled, both
sides gaping; lunule impressed, lanceolately ovate,
area rather large, concave, keeled on each side.
Gray, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1837, p. 372.
Hab. Malacca.
A very characteristic peculiarly oblong arched transverse
shell, of subtransparent substance, gaping at both ends.
Mactra PLXVUIL
99 .
00
Sowerby del & Lith Vincent Brooks Imp
MACTRA.
Prats XVIII.
Species 93. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra anGusta. Mact. testd ovato-transversd, angustd,
subtrigond, subequilaterali, compressd, albd, tenui,
Sragili, transversim regulariter striata, latere antico
paulo breviore, obtuso, superne concaviusculo, postico
superné declivi, attenuato; ared angustd, elongatd,
planulata, utrinque liratd ; umbonibus minimis, parum
obliquis, regulariter undato-plicatis ; lunuld minimd,
lanceolata.
THe Narrow Macrra. Shell ovately transverse, nar-
row, rather triangular, nearly equilateral, compressed,
white, thin, fragile, transversely regularly striated,
anterior side a little the shorter, obtuse, rather con-
cave at the upper part, posterior side slanting at
the upper part, attenuated; area narrow, elongated,
flat, with a ridge on each side; umboes very small,
a little oblique, regularly wave-plaited; lunule very
small, lanceolate.
Dersuayes, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. Panama; Cuming.
A slender subtransparent Tedlen-like shell, delicately
wave-plaited around the umboes.
Species 94. (Mus. Cuming.)
MacTRA TRIANGULA. Mact. testd gibboso-trigond, Corbu-
leformi, crassiusculd, inequilaterali, utringue obtuse
carinatd, transversim sulcato-striatd, sordidé albi, la-
tere antico rotundato, postico concavo-attenuato, sub-
rostrato ; umbonibus tumidis, approximatis ; lunuld
aredque amplis, latis.
THE TRIANGULAR Macrra. Shell gibbously triangular,
Corbula-shaped, rather thick, inequilateral, obtusely
keeled on each side, transversely groove-striated, dull
white, anterior side rounded, posterior concavely at-
tenuated, somewhat beaked; umboes swollen, close ;
lunule and area large and broad.
Renrert, Philippi, Enum. Moll. Sicil. p. 11.
Mactra Euxinica, Krynicki.
Hab. Mediterranean.
A rather solid Corbula-shaped species, strongly striated
across, of a dull stone-colour.
Species 95. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra opposita. Mact. testd trigond, cuneiformt, equi-
laterali, transversim striatd, ad umbones levigata, ni-
May, 1
tente, violaceo-albd, obscure fasciaté, pallid? roseo ra-
diatd ; lunulaé aredque subamplis, equalibus, eleganter
striatis, violaceo-fusco tinctis ; umbonibus approxima-
tis, intense violaceis.
Tur opposire Macrra. Shell triangular, wedge-shaped,
equilateral, transversely striated, smooth and shining
at the umboes, violet-white, obscurely banded, rayed
with pale rose; lunule and area rather large, equal,
elegantly striated, stained with violet-brown ; umboes
close, deep violet.
Desuayes, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. Island of Luzon, Philippines; Cuming.
A triangular subequilateral species, faintly rose-rayed,
peculiarly stained with violaceous-brown on the area and
lunule, with the umboes tipped with very dark violet.
Species 96. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra Lurrpa. Mact. testd subglobosd, tumidd, inequi-
laterali, pallidé cinered, roseo obscuré tenuiradiata,
versus umbones incarnato-tinctd, latere antico rotun-
dato, postico arcuato-producto ; lunuld aredque ele-
ganter striatis, violaceo-fuscescente tinctis ; wumbonibus
subobliquis, approximatis, intus intens2 violaceo-ra-
diatd.
Tue Lunt Macrra. Shell subglobose, swollen, inequi-
lateral, pale ash, obscurely finely rayed with rose,
flesh-tinged towards the umboes, anterior side
rounded, posterior arcuately produced; lunule and
area clegantly striated, stained with light violet-
brown; umboes rather oblique, opposite, interior
deep violet-rayed.
Puitierr, Abbild. und Besch. Conch. Mactra, p. 136.
pl. 3. f. 3.
Hab. Island of Liewkiew, China Sea; Philippi.
of Negros, Philippines; Cuming.
Island
A swollen gibbous species, flesh-tinged about the um-
boes, and richly stained in the interior with broad violet
rays.
Species 97. (Mus. Cuming.)
Mactra arrenvatTa. Mact. testd ovato-trigond, trans-
versa, tenui, turgidd, inequilaterali, transversim irre-
gulariter densé striatd, lividé violaced, ad wmbones
atro-violaced, intus pallide violaced, latere antico bre-
viore, obtuso, superne declivi, latere postico declivi,
truncato ; umbonibus brevibus, parum obliquis, approai-
854.
MACTRA.—Puate XVIII.
matis; area elongato-ovatd, lunulaque tenuistriatis ;
cardine angusto, fossuld profundd ; dentibus laterali-
bus lamellosis, prominentibus, antico multo breviore ;
sinu pallii lato, vix excavato.
THE aTTenuaTeD Macrra. Shell ovately triangular,
transverse, thin, swollen, inequilateral, transversely
irregularly thickly striated, livid-violet, blackish-violet
at the umboes, paler violet within, anterior side the
shorter, obtuse, slanting at the upper part, posterior
side slanting, truncated; umboes short, a little ob-
lique, approximated ; area elongately ovate, and with
the lunule finely striated; hinge narrow, pit deep ;
lateral teeth lamellous, prominent, the anterior much
the shorter; sinus of the mantle broad, scarcely ex-
cavated.
Desuayes, Pro. Zool. Soc. i854.
Hab. ?
Of a peculiar dark livid ash-violet colour within and
without, somewhat unusually attenuated towards the pos-
terior extremity.
Species 98. (Mus. Cuming.)
MAcTRA CORBICULOIDES.
dratd, crassiusculd, turgidd, subequilaterali, livido-
Mact. testa trigono-subqua-
albidd, ad wmbones intense ceruled, latere antico ro-
tundato, postico concavo-rostrato ; lunuld aredque
magnis, latis, subconcavis; umbonibus tumidis, ap-
proximatis, intus intense ceruleo-violaced.
THE LITTLE BASKET Macrra. Shell triangularly sub-
quadrate, rather thick, swollen, nearly equilateral,
livid white, deep blue at the umboes, anterior side
rounded, posterior concavely beaked ; lunule and area
large, broad, subconcave ; umboes swollen, close, in-
terior deep blue-violet.
Desuaygs, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. Ceylon; BE. L. Layard.
A short triangularly gibbous species, rather thick, deep
blue-violet at the umboes, and especially deep-dyed with
the same colour in the interior.
Species 99. (Mus. Cuming.)
MacTRA LATERALIS.
laterali, transversim subirregulariter sulcato-striatd,
Mact. testa trigono-ovata, inequi-
squalidé albd, epidermide fuscescente partim indutd,
latere antico brevi, obtuse angulato, postico attenuato,
subrostrato ; lunuld aredque subamplis, dense striatis ;
umbonibus angulatis, approximatis.
THE LATERAL Mactra. Shell triangularly ovate, inequi-
lateral, transversely rather irregularly groove-striated,
dirty-white, partially covered with a brownish epi-
dermis, anterior side short, obtusely angled, posterior
attenuated, somewhat beaked; lunule and area rather
large, closely striated; umboes angular, approximated.
Say, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. ii. p. 309.
Hab. Massachusetts, United States; Gould.
A simple triangularly ovate species, of a stone-white
hue, attenuately produced at the posterior end.
Species 100. (Mus. Cuming.)
MacTRA INCONGRUA.
equilaterali, tenuiculd, levigatd, calcareo-alba, lateri-
Mact. testé trigona, gibbosa, sub-
bus obtuse angulatis, postico subproducto ; lunuld ared-
que ovatis, latiusculis, eleganter plicato-striatis ; wm-
bonibus approximatis.
THE INconcruous Mactra. Shell triangular, gibbous,
nearly equilateral, rather thin, smooth, chalk-white,
sides obtusely angled, the posterior rather produced ;
lunule and area ovate, rather broad, elegantly pli-
cately striated; umboes close.
Desuayes, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. Island of Luzon, Philippines; Cuming.
The chief peculiarity of this species, consists in the lu-
nule and area being elegantly plicately striated, while the
rest of the shell is smooth.
Species 101. (Mus. Cuming.)
MAcTRA ELLIPTICA.
pressd, crassiusculd, subequilaterali, transversim rude
plicataé et striaté, lateribus rotundatis, antico sublon-
Mact. testé trigono-ellipticd, com-
giore ; lunulé aredque angustis, indistinctis ; wmboni-
bus minimis, approximatis.
Tue ELLIPTIC Mactra. Shell triangularly elliptic, com-
pressed, rather thin, nearly equilateral, transversely
rudely plicated and striated, sides rounded, anterior
rather the longer ; lunule and area narrow, indistinct ;
umboes very small, close.
Brown, Illus. Conch. Brit. p. 109. pl. 41. f. 6.
Hab. British and French Scas.
A rather solid rudely plicated compressed shell, with
the anterior side rather the longer, the umboes being very
small and the lunule and area not very distinct.
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Mactra, PL XIX.
102
104
110
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Sowerby del. et lith Vincent Brooks Imp,
MACTRA.
Piate XIX.
Species 102. (Mus. Cuming.)
Mactra NucLEus. Mact. testd trigono-quadratd, com-
pressa, equilaterali, squalidé albé ; umbonibus submu-
cronatis ; lunuld aredque angustis, declivis, indistinctis.
THE KERNEL Macrra. Shell triangularly square, com-
pressed, equilateral, dirty white; umboes rather
pointed ; lunule and area slanting, narrow, indistinct.
ConraD, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 6. pl.
fe 4:
Hab. Bay of Manilla; Cuming. North America; Conrad.
A minute triangularly square compressed species, the
smallest of the genus.
Species 103. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra Corsuxorpes. Mact. testd trigono-ovatd, gib-
bosiusculd, inequilaterali, levigatd, alba, nitente, la-
tere antico rotundato, postico late trigono, arcuato-ros-
trato ; luanuld minima, ared maximd.
THe CorspuLa-LikE Macrra. Shell triangularly ovate,
rather gibbous, inequilateral, smooth, white, shining,
anterior side rounded, posterior broadly angled, arcu-
ately beaked ; lunule very small, area very large.
DesHayes, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. ?
- Distinguished by a broad concavely beaked area, while
the lunule is almost obsolete.
Species 104. (Mus. Cuming).
Macrra rostrata. Mact. testi trigond, gibbosiusculd,
inequilaterali, sordidé alba, laevigata, latere antico
rotundato, posteriore angulato-rostrato ; lunuld vix
nulla, ared magna, lata.
THE BEAKED Mactra. Shell triangular, rather gibbous,
inequilateral, dull white, smooth, anterior side
rounded, posterior angularly beaked; lunule scarcely
any, area large and broad.
Spencier, Skrift. Naturch. Selsk. vol. 5. p. 115.
Hab. Moreton Bay, Australia; Strange.
Very similar to the preceding species, but shorter and
more gibbous in form.
Species 105. (Mus. Cuming.)
Mactra ApHropina. Mact. testé transversi, ovato-tri-
gond, tenut, depressiusculd, inequilaterali, pallide vio-
laced, zonulis transversis saturatioribus rrequlariter
interruptd, transversim regulariter eleganter striata,
latere antico paululum attenuato, superné recto, declivi,
postico equaliter obtuso ; umbonibus minimis, acutis,
albidis ; cardine angusto, violaceo, utroque latere ma-
culato ; fossuld minima, angustd, obliqud ; dentibus
lateralibus lamellosis ; valvis intus vivide violaceis, in
medio pallidioribus ; impressione pallii margine infe-
riore remoto, sinu angusto, brevi, horizontali.
Tue ApHropins Macrra. Shell transverse, ovately
triangular, thin, rather depressed, inequilateral, pale
violet, irregularly interrupted with darker transverse
zones, transversely regularly elegantly striated, ante-
rior side a little attenuated, straight at the upper
part, slanting, equally obtuse with the posterior ; um-
boes very small, sharp, whitish ; hinge narrow, violet,
spotted on both sides; pit very small, narrow, ob-
lique; lateral teeth lamellous; valves deep violet
within, paler in the middle; impression of the mantle
with the lower edge remote, sinus narrow, short,
horizontal.
Drsuayes, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. China Seas ; Belcher.
A peculiarly polished Cytherea-like species, of a livid
grey colour, obscurely banded.
Species 106. (Mus. Cuming.)
MactTra ScALPELLUM. Mact. testé trigono-oblongd, tenui,
valdé compressa, equilaterali, levigatd, nitente-albd,
extremitatibus subattenuato-rotundatis ; umbonibus mi-
nimis, approximatis ; lunuld aredque angustissimis, in-
distinctis, plicato-striatis.
Tue tANcet Macrra. Shell triangularly oblong, thin,
very compressed, equilateral, smooth, shining white,
extremities rather attenuately rounded; umboes very
small, close ; lunule and area very narrow, indistinct,
plicately striated.
Desuayes, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. New Zealand; Strange.
A thin compressed species with a white polished surface,
having very much the appearance of a Tedlina.
May, 1854.
~ MACTRA.—Puate XIX.
Species 107. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrtra DOLABRATA. Mact. testa oblonga, trigono-subqua-
dratd, posticé paululum hiante, equilaterali, sub lente
tenuissimeé transversim striatd, nitente-albd, latere an-
tico rotundato-producto, postico abrupte declivi, obtuse
angulato ; umbonibus peculiariter compressis, approxi-
matis ; lunuld aredque subangustis, excavatis, levibus.
THE AXE-SHAPED Macrra. Shell oblong, triangular,
subquadrate, posteriorly a little gaping, equilateral,
beneath the lens very finely transversely striated,
shining white, interior side rotundately produced,
posterior abruptly slanting, obtusely angled ; umboes
peculiarly compressed, close; lunule and area rather
narrow, excavated, smooth.
Dersnayes, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. >
Peculiar in form, the anterior side being produced and
rounded, while the posterior is abruptly slanting and
angled.
Species 108. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra siticuta. act. testd transversim ovata, utrin-
que paululum hiante, subequilaterali, transversim
tenuistriatd, nitente-albd, marginem versus epidermide
straminea sericed indutd, ad angulum posticum sordidd,
extremitatibus rotundatis; lunuld aredque angustis,
subexcavatis ; wmbonibus parvis, compressis.
THE LITTLE HUSK Macrra. Shell transversely ovate,
a little gaping at each end, nearly equilateral, trans-
versely finely striated, shining white, covered towards
the margin with a silken straw-coloured epidermis,
darker on the posterior angle, extremities rounded ;
lunule and area narrow, rather excavated; umboes
small, compressed.
Dersnayes, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. Mouth of the Gambia, West Africa (in the sands),
A transversely oval thin shining white shell, covered to-
wards the margin with a straw-coloured epidermis, which
on the posterior angle and area is wrinkled up into a darker
colour.
Species 109. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra cunEata. Mact. testa trigono-ovatd, subobliqud,
inequilaterali, levigatd, semipellucidd, undique pur-
pureé aut cinereo-violaced, latere antico rotundato,
postico subangulato-producto ; lunuld aredque distinc-
tis, eleganter plicato-striatis ; umbonibus prominulis.
THE WEDGE-SHAPED Macrra. Shell triangularly ovate,
rather oblique, inequilateral, smooth, semi-pellucid,
everywhere purple or ash, violet, anterior side rounded,
posterior rather angularly produced; lunule and area
distinct, elegantly plicately striated; umboes rather
prominent.
CuEeMnitz, Conch. Cab. vol. 6. p. 221. pl. 22. f. 215.
Mactra purpurea, Spengler.
Hab. Nicobar.
A semitransparent glassy purple shell, smooth except on
the area and lunule, which are elegantly striated.
Species 110. (Mus. Cuming.)
Mactra nEpaTicA. Mact. testa transversim ovatd, gibbo-
sissimad, subequilaterali, levigatd, polité, ad latera sul-
cato-striatd, purpureo-lividd, latere antico rotundato,
postico subattenuato, lunuld aredque subindistinctis,
latis, striatis ; umbonibus valde tumidis.
THE LIVER-COLOURED Macrtra. Shell transversely ovate,
very gibbous, nearly equilateral, smooth, polished,
grooved-striated at the sides, pwrple-livid, anterior
side rounded, posterior slightly attenuated; lunule
and area rather indistinct, broad, striated; umboes
much swollen.
Desuayes, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. Island of Negros, Philippines; Cuming.
Chiefly distinguished by its swollen gibbous umboes,
which gives the shell an 4rca-like aspect.
Species 111. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra apicina. Mact. testa trigono-ovatd, versus mar-
ginem compressa, equilaterali, transversim sulcato-
liratd, versus umbones levigatd, albd, nitente, lateri-
bus subequaliter rotundatis ; lunulé aredque magnis,
eleganter plicato-striatis ; umbonibus parvis, centralibus,
oppositis, violaceo tinctis.
Tue tipped Macrra. Shell triangularly ovate, com-
pressed towards the margin, equilateral, transversely
groove-ridged, smooth towards the umboes, white,
shining, sides nearly equally rounded ; lunule and area
large, elegantly plicately striated; umboes small,
central, opposite, tipped with violet.
Desuayes, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. ——?
An equilateral wedge-shaped species, polished white,
with the umboes tipped with violet.
Mactra, Pl. XX.
114
Vincent Brooks Imp
Sowerby del & bu
MACTRA.
Prate XX.
Species 112. (Mus. Cuming.)
Mactra Aieypriaca. Mact. testa transversim oblongd,
valde inequilaterali, utrinque hiante, tenuiculd, can-
dida,
dense radiatim irregulariter acute liratd, lirarum in-
versus extremitates epidermide tenui indutd,
terstitiis cancellato-striatis, latere antico obtuse ro-
tundato, postico multo longiore, attenuato-rotundato,
compresso ; extremitatibus liris parvis oblique diver-
gentibus exsculptis.
Tue Eeyprran Macrra. Shell transversely oblong, very
inequilateral, gaping at each end, rather thin, white,
covered towards the extremities with a thin epider-
mis, densely radiately irregularly sharply ridged, in-
terstices between the ridges cancellately striated, an-
terior side obtusely rounded, posterior much the
longer, attenuately rounded and compressed; ex-
tremities sculptured with fine obliquely diverging
ridges.
Cuemnitz, Conch. Cab. vol. ii. p. 218. pl. 200. f. 1955-6.
Lutraria Agyptiaca, Hanley.
Hab. Ceylon; BE. L. Layard.
This species, which M. Deshayes ascribes to the J.
Aigyptiaca of Chemnitz, should properly have another name.
The specimen here figured is from Ceylon.
Species 113. (Mus. Cuming.)
Mactra SoLanpRrt.
cuneiform, inequilaterali, tenui, candida, irregulari-
Mact. testé transversim ovata, sub-
ter radiatim acute liratd, liris posticis distantioribus
et acute elevatis, latere antico rotundato, postico lon-
giore, hiante ; umbonibus subappressis.
Sotanper’s Macrra. Shell transversely ovate, some-
what wedge-shaped, inequilateral, thin, white, irre-
gularly radiately sharply ridged, posterior ridges
more distant, and sharply raised, anterior side
rounded, posterior longer, gaping; umboes rather
appressed.
Spisula Solandri, Gray, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1837.
p- 373.
Hab. Moluceas.
A thin white shell, gaping at the posterior end, with a
somewhat Peéricola-like aspect; the posterior ridges are
peculiar in being more distant and sharply raised.
Species 114, (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra Carirornica. Mact. testd transversim oblonga,
inequilaterali, levigatd vel subrudé concentricé stri-
atd, calcareo-albd, epidermide flavidd indutd, laterali-
bus subequaliter rotundatis, postico longiore ; umbo-
nibus minutis, approvimatis.
Tue CaLtrornraN Macrra. Shell transversely oblong,
inequilateral, smooth, or rudely concentrically stri-
ated, chalk-white, covered with a yellow epidermis,
sides nearly equally rounded, posterior side the
longer ; umboes very small, close.
Dersuayes, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. California.
This species is not distinguished by any peculiarity of
form or sculpture, and has very much the appearance of a
small Mya.
Species 115. (Mus. Cuming.)
MacrRa RUGOSA.
utringue hiante, valdé inequilaterali, fuscescente-albd,
Mact. testa transverse ovati, gibbosd,
calcared, radiatim irregulariter liratd, ad extremi-
tates levigatd, latere antico brevissimo, rotundato,
postico oblongo, producto ; wnbonibus parvis, appressis,
approximatis.
Tue roucH Mactra. Shell transversely ovate, gibbous,
gaping at each end, very inequilateral, brownish-
white, chalky, radiately irregularly ridged, smooth at
the extremities, anterior side very short, rounded,
posterior oblong, produced ; umboes small, appressed,
close.
Cuemnitz, Conch. Cab. vol. vi. p. 236. pl. 24. f. 236.
Lutraria rugosa, Lamarck.
Spisula rugosa, Gray.
Hab, Faro, Portugal.
A large rough species, very irregulariy radiately ridged,
except at the extremities, which are smooth.
Species 116. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra TuHracioies. Mact. testd ovata, antice gib-
bosd, utringue hiante, inequilaterali, tenui, opaco-
alba, concentrice dense fibroso-striatd, obliqué undula-
tim corrugato-plicatd, latere antico rotundato, postico
May, 1854.
MACTRA.—PuateE XX.
compresse attenuato ; lunulé subcordata ; umbonibus
parvis, appressis.
Tue THRAcIA-LIKE Mactra. Shell ovate, gibbous an-
teriorly, gaping at both ends, inequilateral, thin,
opake-white, concentrically densely fibrous-striated,
obliquely undulately wrinkle-plaited, anterior side
rounded, posterior compressly attenuated; lunule
subcordate ; umboes small, appressed.
Apams and Renve, Zool. Voy. Samarang, Moll. p. 81.
pl. 23. f. 8.
Hab. Eastern Seas; Belcher.
The chief peculiarity of this species consists in the
waved rib-like plaits undulating upwards on the posterior
side, contrary to the curious fibrous-like strize of growth.
Species 117. (Mus. Cuming.)
MactTRa CAPILLACEA.
valde inequilaterali, utringue hiante, tenui, candida,
Mact. testé transverse oblongé,
epidermide stramined indutd, concentrice rude striata,
radiatim subtiliter undulato-corrugatim striata, latere
antico brevissimo, rotundato, postico compresso-pro-
ducto, subrostrato ; umbonibus parvis.
THe stRINGY Macrra. Shell transversely oblong, very
inequilateral, gaping at both ends, thin, white, co-
vered with a light straw-coloured epidermis, concen-
trically rudely striated, radiately finely wave-wrinkle
striated, anterior side very short, rounded, posterior
compressly produced, somewhat beaked; umboes
small.
DersuHayes, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. Philippines and mouth of the Indus.
A delicate posteriorly produced species, distinguished
by a striking peculiarity of sculpture, the surface being
rayed with fine close-set cross-waved wrinkled strie. It
has been found of a very much larger size than that of the
shell here figured.
Species 118. (Mus. Cuming.)
MacTRA PELLUCIDA.
compressa, utringue hiante, inequilaterali, albd, sub
Mact. testé transversim oblonga,
lente minutissimée decussatim striata, versus margines
epidermide tenui flavicante indutd, latere antico ro-
tundato, postico subproducto ; umbonibus parvis, ap-
proximatis.
THe PELLUcID Macrra. Shell transversely oblong,
compressed, gaping at both ends, inequilateral, white,
beneath the lens very minutely finely decussately
striated, covered towards the margins with a thin
yellowish epidermis, anterior side rounded, posterior
rather produced ; umboes small, close.
Cuemnitz, Conch. Cab. vol. vi. p. 235. pl. 24. f. 234.
Mactra depressa, Lamarck.
Hab. Bay of Manila.
A smooth, rather compressed species, of which the sur-
face has a somewhat silky appearance, occasioned by ex-
tremely minute crossed strize.
; Mactra, PL.XXI.
i Vincent Brooks Imp .
aSowerby del et ith
MACTRA.
PuatEe XXI.
Species 119. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra RostraLis. Mact. testd transversim ovata, pos-
tice compresso-rostratd, alba, tenuissimd, pellucido-
vitred, subequilaterali, latere antico paulo breviore,
concentrice undato-plicatd, et tenuissime oblique stri-
ata; lunuld distineta ; wnbonibus parvis.
THe BEAKED Macrra. Shell transversely ovate, poste-
riorly compressly beaked, white, very thin, transpa-
rent, glassy, subequilateral, anterior side a little the
shorter, concentrically undulately plicated, very finely
obliquely striated; lunule distinct ; umboes small.
Drsuayes, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. China Seas ?
A very thin transparent glassy shell, beaked on the
posterior side, which is the shorter, concentrically seulp-
tured with waved plaits converging over the posterior side;
as in M. Thracioides.
Species 120. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra Senncatensis. Mact. testé transversim oblonga,
compressa, inequilaterali, tenui, pellucido-vitred, con-
centrice undato-plicatd et tenuissime oblique striata,
latere antico rotundato, postico longiore, carinato et
truncato ; umbonibus parvis.
THE SennGat Macrra. Shell transversely oblong, com-
pressed, inequilateral, thin, transparent, glassy, con-
centrically wave-plaited, and very finely obliquely
striated, anterior side rounded, posterior longer, keeled
and truncated; umboes small.
Puriiert, Zeitschrift fiir Malac. 1849, p. 27.
Hab. Senegal.
A thin glassy Thracia-like species, of which the poste-
rior end is finely keeled and truncated.
Species 121. (Mus. Cuming.)
Mactra puircatinis. Mact. testé transversim oblongd,
subangustd, medio compressd, subequilaterali, tenui,
pellucido-vitred, epidermide fuscescente indutd, undato-
plicatd et subtilissime oblique striata, latere antico ro-
tundato, postico sublongiore, tenuicarinato et truncato ;
umbonibus minutis.
THE PLaITeD Macrra. Shell transversely oblong, rather
narrow, impressed in the middle, nearly equilateral,
thin, transparent, glassy, covered with a brownish
epidermis, anterior side rounded, posterior rather
longer, wave-plaited and very finely obliquely stri-
ated, finely keeled and truncated ; umboes very small.
Dersuayes, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. Philippines.
Of a narrower transversely oblong form than the pre-
ceding species, but very similarly sculptured.
Species 122. (Mus. Cuming.)
Mactra cCANALicuLaTa. Mact. testd ovata, anticé ob-
liqué tumida et gibbosé, postice compresso-rostrati,
paululum hiante, inequilaterali, latere antico multo
majore, tenui, candida, epidermide stramined indutd,
concentricé irregulariter plicato-costatd, radiatim pe-
culiariter tenue corrugato-striatd ; lunuld oblongo-
cordata ; umbonibus parvis, approximatis.
THE CHANNELLED Macrra. Shell ovate, anteriorly ob-
liquely swollen and gibbous, posteriorly compressly
beaked, a little gaping, inequilateral, anterior side
much the larger, thin, white, covered with a straw-
coloured epidermis, concentrically irregularly pli-
cately ribbed, radiately peculiarly finely wrinkle-stri-
ated ; lunule oblongo-cordate ; umboes small, close.
Lutraria canaliculata, Say.
Mactra Campechensis, Gray in Wood Ind. Test. Supp.
Hab. South Carolina.
This fine shell is what might be termed a reversed shell,
the anterior side being the larger, swollen and obliquely
gibbous, while the posterior is smaller and compressly
beaked.
Species 123. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra AnatinoipEs. Mact. testa ovata, inequilaterali,
anticé oblique tumidd, postice breviter truncato, hiante,
pellucido-alba, subvitred, concentrice irregulariter stri-
até et obscure plicata, ad margines epidermide indutd.
Tue ANATINA-LIKE Macrra. Shell ovate, inequilateral,
anteriorly obliquely swollen, posteriorly rather shortly
truncated, gaping, pellucid-white, rather glassy, con-
centrically irregularly striated and obscurely plicated,
covered with an epidermis at the margins.
Mactra tenera? Deshayes (not of Gray in Wood Index
Test. Supp.).
May, 1354.
MACTRA.—Prate XXI.
Hab. ——?
A thin swollen pellucid-white shell, truncated and gap-
ing at the posterior end, with very much the aspect of an
Anatina.
Species 124, (Mus. Cuming.)
MacTRA PELLICULA.
aequilaterali, antice rotundatd et tumida, posticée ros-
Mact. testa abbreviato-ovatd, in-
trata et truncatd, hiante, tenuissima, pellucido-albd,
subrudeé striaté ; umbonibus parvis, acutis.
Tue PELLICLE Macrra. Shell shortly ovate, inequila-
teral, anteriorly rounded and swollen, posteriorly
beaked and truncated, gaping, very thin, pellucid-
white, rather rudely striated; umboes small, sharp.
Desuayss, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab, Japan.
Of a thin transparent pellicle-like substance, of a shorter
and more beaked form than that of the preceding species.
Species 125. (Mus. Cuming.)
Macrra Nurratiu. Mact. testd ovata, plano-compressia,
inequilaterali, pellucido-alba, concentricé tenuisulcaté
et striatd, striis flexuosis radiantibus minutissime can-
cellaté ; latere antico multo majore, superné declivi-
angulato, postico coarctato, compresso-rostrato, cari-
nato, hiante, extremitatibus lamellato-recurvis ; lunulé
perampliter cordata ; umbonibus parvis, acutiusculis.
Nurraty’s Macrra. Shell ovate, flatly compressed, in-
equilateral, transparent white, concentrically finely
grooved and striated, very minutely cancellated with
flexuous radiating strie; anterior side much the
larger, angularly slanting at the upper part, posterior
side contracted, compressly beaked, keeled, gaping,
with the extremities lamellarly recurved; lunule
largely cordate; umboes small, rather sharp.
Lutraria (Cyptodon) Nuttallii, Conrad, Journ. Acad, Nat.
Sci. Philadelphia, vol. vii. p. 235. pl. 18. f. 1.
Mactra recurva, Gray in Wood Index. Test. Supp.
Hab. South Carolina.
A very characteristic transparent white compressed
species, peculiarly contracted on the posterior side, with
the extremities lamellarly curved outwards.
achatina, Chemnitz ...........
Adansoniy PAUippi ae aac.
adspersa, Dunker.....-...-.-
igyptiaca, Chemnitz ........
equilatera, Deshayes ........
alata, Spengler .............
albina, Deshayes ...........
Anatinoides, Reeve..........
EViqietin (Cr) oan ae OBOne
angulifera, Deshayes ........
angusta, Deshayes ..........
antiquata, Spengler ..........
Aphrodina, Deshayes.........
apicina, Deshayes...........
aspersa, Sowerby ............
attenuata, Deshayes..........
australis, Lamarck ......
bilineata, C. B. Adams.......
Brasiliana, Lamarck .........
Byronensis (Mudinia), Gray... ..
Californica, Deshayes ........
Campechensis, Gray ..
eanaliculata (Lutraria), Say ....
capillacea, Deshayes .........
carinata, Lamarck..........
carinulata, Deshayes..........
Chemmizi, Gray .........-.
complanata, Deshayes .......
contraria, Deshayes ..........
corallina, Linne@us..........
corbiculoides, Deshayes ......
Corbuloides, Deshayes ........
cordiformis, Deshayes .....-..
cornea, Deshayes ............
crassatella, Lamarck..........
Cumingii, Deshayes..........
cyprinus (Lutraria), Gray ....
decora, Deshayes ...........
deltovdes, Collard... ..0.....
depressa, Lamarck ..........
depressa, Spengler ..........
GisconsiiG7ay/ee. serena
dissimilis, Deshayes .........
dolabrata, Deshayes .........
Donaciformis (Mulinia), Gray ..
Plate.
XII.
Xe
De
XX.
IV.
VII.
Il.
XXI.
IX.
XVI.
XVIII.
VI.
XIX.
XIX.
XIV.
XVIII.
XE
XV.
XI.
XV.
XX.
XXI.
XXI.
XX.
VIII.
Xe
VAL
XII.
XVII.
XI.
XVIII.
XIX.
Il.
XV.
X.
VI.
XIX.
X.
XVI.
XVII.
XX.
XIV.
We
XIII.
XIX.
XIII.
MACTRA.
Species.
51
Dysoni, Deshayes ............
edulistekiigm ents sett
egena, Deshayes........
elegans, Sowerby .......
ellipticaleh7owr «wal. staeselreres
elongata, Quoy.........
epidermia, Deshayes ....
Euwiniea, Krynicki .....
exalbida (Mulinia), Gray .
eximia, Deshayes ..........
exoletaG7:0/aee cer aeer
explanata, Deshayes..........
fasciata, Lamarck.......
fragilis, Chemnitz .......
gibbosula, Deshayes.....
gigantea, Lamarck ......
glabrata, Schroeter ..........
bi Jie cosuannooe
helvacea, Chemnitz .....
hians, Philippt.........
hepatica, Deshayes......
ineequalis, Deshayes.....
incarnata, Deshayes .....
incongrua, Deshayes..........
NEVE, Jian neiAabe omame
lactea, Chemnitz .......
(EID NAN cae enw oS bb ROBB OS
lactea, Potiez and Mich. ......
ee visseOLemmitasery waar
Largillierti, Philippi .........
lateralissy Sager oi-ereve yoac0ascapane
Sayi (Spiswda), Gray.......
scalpellum, Deshayes
semistriata, Deshayes ........
semisulcata, Deshayes
Senegalensis, Philippi
sericea, Weshayes\...........-
setosa, Quoy...........-
XVIII.
XIII.
XIV.
IX.
VIII.
XXI.
XX.
VIL.
XXI.
MACTRA.—INDEX.
Species.
19
47
35
95
58
66
36
30
124
118
26
121
silicula, Deshayes ........-
Solandri (Spisuda), Gray
solida, Payraudeau ..........
solidissima, Chemnitz ........
Spengleri, Bom .........
Speneleri, Linneus ........
squalida, Lamarck
straminea, Lamarck .......
striatella, Lamarck .......
stultorum, Linneus .......
sublanceolata, Deshayes
subplicata, Lamarck..........
subrostrata, Deshayes
subtruncata, Donovan ........
subtruncata, Montagu ........
sulcataria, Deshayes..........
symmetrica, Deshayes ........
Thracioides, Ad. 5 Reeve
_Tellinoides, Conrad .......
tenera, Deshayes .........
transversa, Deshayes.....
triangula, Renieri.........
triangularis, Lamarck .....
tristis, Deshayes .........
truncata, Brown ..........:-
truncata, Montagu .......
tumida, Chemmitz.........
turgida, Gmelin’ ./.\.. 7.25. -
Upules CNW ios oncana anaes
VGIEAEA, JE With co nao5 be 0056
Veneriformis, Deshayes. .
violacea, Chemnitz..........
VINE Os I ESIOY/ ES anes ecetetalel sheet
Vane, CR a cacaogononoc
XXI.
XVII.
XVIII.
Te
XUV).
XVII.
X.
VI.
VI.
XI.
Species.
108
113
15
8
27
40
56
MONOGRAPH
OF THE GENUS
LUTRARIA.
“T loved to walk where none had walked before,
About the rocks that ran along the shore:
Here had I favourite stations where I stood,
And heard the murmurs of the ocean-flood.””— Crabbe.
Lutrarta, Fé T.
LUTRARIA.
Puate I.
Genus LUTRARIA, Lamarck.
Testa equivalvis, inequilateralis, oblongo-ovata, plerumque
compressiuscula, lateribus hians, sordidé albé, epi-
dermide fuscd vel olivaceo-fuscd plus minus induta.
Cardo centralis, latus, dentibus duobus plano-cochle-
ariformibus lamind trigond erecta, dentibus laterali-
bus nullis. Impressio muscularis pallit sinu magno.
Shell equivalve, inequilateral, oblong-ovate, generally
rather compressed, gaping at the sides, dirty-white,
covered more or less with a brown or olive-brown
epidermis. Hinge central, broad, with two flat
spoon-like teeth, and an erect triangular lamina, no
lateral teeth. Muscular impression of the mantle
with a large sinus.
Of the miscellaneous assemblage of species described by
Lamarck under this head, only two remain as true repre-
sentatives of the genus, Lutraria oblonga and L. eiliptica,
both inhabitants of the British Seas. More than a dozen
species from foreign sources have since been added of the
same exact type, and we have the pleasure of illustrating
them as a very natural and well-defined group. The most
abnormal forms are those which have been separated by
Mr. Gray under the generic title of Zenxatia, comprising
L. acinaces, Deshayesii, and Cumingiana; and L. lanceolata,
which is the genus Resania of Mr. Gray. In the last the
interior of each valve is characterized by two very promi-
nent ledges converging from the hinge, on one of which
rests the broad spoon-shaped tooth, as represented in
Plate V. They are all of a smooth dull colourless hue,
more or less covered with a dirty-brown or olive epider-
mis, and present no sculpture beyond strie or wrinkles
following the lines of growth. The species are limited in
number and widely distributed, being from Australia, New
Zealand, Moluccas, Philippines, China, and the Cape or
Good Hope. They are all natives of the Old World.
Species 1. (Mus. Cuming.)
Lurraria Desuayusi. Lutr. testa elongato-oblongd,
tenuiculd, subangustd, concentricé densé striata, striis
subrugeformibus ; lateribus equaliter rotundatis, an-
tico prelongo, valde hiante ; ferrugineo-carned, epider-
mide viridi-olivaced induta.
Desuayes’ Lurrarta. Shell elongately oblong, thin-
nish, rather narrow, concentrically densely striated,
strie somewhat wrinkle-like; sides equally rounded,
the anterior very long, much gaping; rust-flesh-
tinged, covered with a greenish-olive epidermis.
Lutraria Solenoides, Deshayes (not of Lamarck).
Hab. New Zealand; Earl.
A thin delicate Solen-like shell, with the peculiar shelf-
like tooth which serves to characterize Mr. Gray’s genus
Zenatia, conspicuously developed.
Species 2. (Mus. Cuming.)
Lurraria ELoNGATA. Lwutr. testé elongaté, ventricosius-
culd, latere postico laté rotundato, antico attenuato-
rotundato ; concentrice irregulariter striata, striis me-
dio subobsoletis, ad latera rugeformibus ; albidd, epi-
dermide lutescente-cinered induta.
THE ELONGATED Lurrartra. Shell elongated, rather
ventricose, posterior side broadly rounded, anterior
attenuately rounded; concentrically irregularly stri-
ated, strie nearly obsolete in the middle, wrinkle-
like at the sides; whitish, covered with a yellowish-
ash epidermis.
Gray, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1837.
Hab. ?
Chiefly distinguished by the subatteanated form of the
anterior side of the shell.
Species 3. (Mus. Cuming.)
Lurraria ELLIPTICA. Lwtr. testd ovato-oblongd, subven-
tricosd, irrequlariter concentricé striata, striis hic allie
rugeformibus ; lateribus subequaliter rotundatis, an-
tico longiore ; incarnato-albd, epidermide virescente-
olivacead indutda.
THE ELLIPTIC LurraRriA. Shell ovately oblong, subven-
tricose, irregularly concentrically striated, strize here
and there wrinkle-like; sides nearly equally rounded,
anterior the longer; flesh-tinted white, covered with
an olive-green epidermis.
Lamarck, Anim. sans vert. (Deshayes’ edit.) vol. vi. p. 90.
Mactra lutraria, Linneus.
Hab. Seas of Europe.
This well-known European species, compared with the
rest of the genus. has a peculiar Anodon-like aspect.
Species 4. (Mus. Cuming.)
Lurrarta Parireprnarum. Lut. testd elongato-oblonga,
ventricosd, subobligué, concentricé tenuistriatd, striis
anticis rugeformibus ; lateribus subattenuato-rotunda-
tis, antico paulo rostrato, aperte hiante ; albida, epi-
dermide tenui cinereo-lutescente induta.
Tue Purirprine Lurrarra. Shell elongately oblong,
ventricose, rather oblique, concentrically finely stri-
ated, anterior striz wrinkle-like ; sides somewhat at-
tenuately rounded, anterior a little beaked, openly
gaping; whitish, covered with a thin ash-yellow epi-
dermis.
Dersuwayes, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1854.
Hab. Philippine Islands; Cuming.
Distinguished by its elongately oblong form and by
the more attenuated roundness of the sides, the anterior
of which is a little beaked and openly gaping.
August, 1854.
me ae
a
ay 4@3 _ iy , ey! ‘a4 Pm:
“1 \, oe nt DE
Species 34. (Mus. Cuming.)
AmpHIDESMA Jovis. Amph. testd subelliptico-ovali, ven-
tricosiuscula, latere antico sublongiore, postico truncato,
paululum flecuoso ; roseo-spadiced, umbonibus roseis ;
concentrice lamellatd, lamellis parvis, tenuibus, con-
Sertis.
Jupirer’s AmpHipEsMA. Shell somewhat. elliptically
oval, rather ventricose, anterior side rather the longer,
posterior truncated, a little flexuous; rose-fawn, um-
boes rose; concentrically lamellated, lamelle small,
thin, close-set.
Semele Jovis, A. Adams, Pro. Zool. Soc. July, 1853.
Hab. -——?
A fine large rose-tinted species, sculptured with close-
set small lamellee of a light fawn colour.
Amphidesma, LU. V1.
F.Reeve, imp
AMPHIDESMA.
Pirate VI.
Species 35. (Mus. Cuming.)
AMPHIDESMA MoDESTA.
An oval shell, rounded at the ends, delicately rose-
painted upon a shining white ground.
Species 46. (Mus. Cuming).
AMPHIDESMA STRIATA.
formi, latere antico brevissimo, postico oblongo-pro-
ducto, subfleanoso, tumido ; concentricé lamellatd, la-
mellis subdistantibus, interstitiis concentricé striatis ;
Amph. testd subquadrato-cunci-
subpellucido-alba.
THE STRIATED AMPHIDESMA. Shell somewhat squarely
wedge-shaped, anterior side very short, posterior ob-
long-produced, subflexuous, swollen; concentrically
lamellated, lamellee rather distant, interstices concen-
trically striated; subtransparent white.
Ruprect, MSS. (Mus. Frankfort.)
| Hab. Red Sea.
A delicate white Petricola-like species, differing from
most species of the genus in having the posterior side of
the shell longer than the anterior.
Species 47. (Mus. Cuming.)
AmpHIDESMA JucUNDA. Amph. testd ovata, lateribus
subequalibus, rotundatis, postico via flexuoso ; con-
presso-convexd, tenut, concentrice pulcherrime lamella-
tis, lamellis breviter crispatis, interstitiis nitide radia-
tim densé liratis ; pellucido-albd, intus sanguineo ma-
culata.
Tur wELcome AmPHIDESMA. Shell ovate, with the
sides nearly equal and rounded, posterior side a little
flexuous ; compressly convex, thin, concentrically
very beautifully lamellated, lamellie shortly curled,
interstices neatly radiately densely ridged; transpa-
rent white, spotted within with ‘blood-colour.
Semele jucunda, A. Adams, Pro. Zool. Soc. July, 1853.
Hab. Singapore.
A thin, elaborately sculptured, white species, faintly
blood-smeared in the interior.
Species 48. (Mus. Cuming.)
AMPHIDESMA PULCHELLA. Amph. testé orbiculari, con-
verd, subaequilaterali, latere postico paululum flecuoso ;
albidd, epidermide tenui versus marginem indutd, um-
bonibus purpurascente-roseis, albiradiatis, intus purpu-
rascente - tinctd ; lavi, versus marginem concentricé
tenuiliratd, striis minutissimis impressis radiata.
THE PRETTY AMPHIDESMA. Shell orbicular, convex,
nearly equilateral, posterior side a little flexuous ;
whitish, covered towards the margin with a thin
epidermis ; umboes purple-rose, white-rayed, interior
purple-tinted ; smooth, concentrically thin-ridged to-
wards the margin, and rayed with very minute im-
pressed striz.
Semele pulchella, A. Adams, Pro. Zool. Soc. July, 1853.
Hab. >
A species of simple character, purple-stained, and deli-
cately white-rayed at the umboes, and tinged with purple
interiorly.
November, 1853.
AMPHIDESMA.—Puare VII.
Species 49. (Mus. Cuming.)
AMPHIDESMA VIRGINEA.
Comparatively smooth in appearance, but elaborately
decussately sculptured beneath the lens.
Species 52. (Mus. Cuming.)
AMPHIDESMA AM@NA.
ventricosiusculd, tenella, subequilaterali, latere postico
subproducto, paululum fleauoso; albidd, umbonibus pur-
purascentibus ; concentricé flexuoso-striatd, stris minu-
tis radiantibus.
THE DELICATE AMpHtpESMA. Shell somewhat triangu-
larly orbicular, rather ventricose, thin, nearly equi-
lateral, posterior side rather produced, a little flexu-
ous ; whitish, umboes purple-tinged ; concentrically
flexuously striated, with minute radiating striz.
Semele ameena, A. Adams, Pro. Zool. Soc. July, 1853.
Hab. ?
Amph. testa subtrigono-orbiculart,
Sculptured with fine concentric ridge-like striz, similar
to the preceding species.
Species 53. (Mus. Cuming.)
AMPHIDESMA SIMPLEX. Amph. testé oblongo-ovata, la-
tere postico vix breviore, concentrice dense flecuoso-stri-
ata, striis minutissimis radiantibus decussatd ; rosaceo-
alba, umbonibus roseis.
THE stupLE Ampuipesma. Shell oblong-oval, posterior
side scarcely shorter; concentrically densely flexu-
ously striated, decussated with very minute impressed
strie ; pinkish-white, umboes pink.
Apams and REEvs#, Zool. Voy. Samarang, Moll. p. 81.
pl. 24. f. 11.
Hab. China Sea.
A nearly equilateral Ze//ina-like species, tinged with
pink, especially in the vicinity of the umboes.
amabilis (Semele), A. Adams ..
amoena (Semele), A. Adams... .
australis, Sowerby ..........
Californica (Semele), A. Adams. .
cancellata, Sowerby ..........
Ganga, JeHiG Eocene coor
casta (Semele), A. J
compta (Semele), A. Adams....
cordiformis (Zédlina), Chemnitz. .
corrugata, Sowerby ...-......
crenulata, Sowerby
ecisass Conrad eetecy- sas eels
decora (Semele), A. Adams....
decussata (Tellina), Wood ....
duplicata, Sowerby ...... :
elliptica; Sowerby... . 2... 205.
exarata, 4. Ad. and Reeve ....
formosa, Sowerby ............
Gruneri (Semele), A, Adams
CLT CaP CECE me rar srerciel=.
7 ©
49
Sowerby del. et hth Vincent Brooks Imp
DONAX.
Prater VII.
Species 43. (Mus. Cuming.)
DonaX GRANIFERA. Don. testé trigono-ovatd, solidius-
culd, gibbosd, creberrimé radiatim lineari-sulcata, pos-
tice densé corrugato-granosd, albidd, wmbonibus vio-
laceo remote biradiatis ; latere antico acuminato-ro-
tundato, postico brevissimo, abrupte angulato-truncato.
THE GRAINED Donax. Shell triangularly ovate, rather
solid, gibbous, very closely radiately linearly grooved,
posteriorly densely wrinkle-grained, white, umboes
distantly two-rayed with violet ; anterior side acumi-
nately rounded, posterior very short, and abruptly
angularly truncated.
Drsuayes, Pro. Zool. Soc. March, 1854.
Hab. P
A stout white broadly triangular species, very abruptly
angularly truncated.
Species 44. (Mus. Cuming.)
Donax veNnusta. Don. testé oblongo-ovata, subtrigond,
compressa, levigatd, politd, postice concentrice semi-
sulcatd, pallidé rosoceo-spadiced, albiradiatd ; latere
antico rotundato, postico obtuse declivi-angulato ; ared
equeentrice suleatd.
THE HANDSOME Donax. Shell elongately ovate, sub-
triangular, compressed, smooth, polished, posteriorly
concentrically half-grooved, pale rose-fawn, white-
rayed; anterior side rounded, posterior obtusely
slantingly angled; area concentrically grooved.
Pout, Test. utr. Sicilia, pl. 19. f. 23, 24.
Hab. Mediterranean.
A polished shell, distinguished in all its varieties by a
few concentric grooves on the posterior side, near the ven-
tral margin.
Species 45. (Mus. Cuming.)
Donax variecata. Don. testd subelongato-oblongd, com-
pressiusculd, levigata, politd, albidd, aurantio-tinctd,
fusco nitidé radiatim reticulatd ; latere antico sub-
acuminato-rotundato, postico brevi, obtuse declivi-an-
gulato.
THE vaRIEGATED Donax. Shell subelongately oblong,
rather compressed, smooth, polished, whitish, stained
with orange, neatly radiately reticulated with brown ;
anterior side rather acuminately rounded, posterior
short, obtusely slantingly angled.
Hab. ?
A small polished compressed species, distinguished by
its orange-fawn colour, and pretty radiately reticulated
painting.
Species 46. (Mus. Cuming.)
DoNnaX LUBRICA.
concentricé irregulariter striatd, postice radiatim li-
Don. testé sublaté trigond, compressa,
neari-sulcatd, cinerascente, saturate fasciatd; latere
antico rotundato, postico brevissimo, obtuse truncato.
Tue stimy Donax. Shell rather broadly triangular, com-
pressed, concentrically irregularly striated, posteriorly
linearly radiately grooved, pale ash, darker banded ;
anterior side rounded, posterior very short, obtusely
truncated.
Hanxey, MS. (Mus. Cuming.)
Hab. ——?
Of a broadly triangular form, with an extremely con-
tracted posterior side, compressed throughout.
Species 47. (Fig. a, 6, Mus. Cuming.)
DoNAX VARIABILIS.
gusté, radiatim lineari-suleatd, lutescente aut albidad
Don. testé trigono-oblongd, suban-
aut varie roseo-radiatéd ; latere antico acuminato-ro-
tundato, postico lato, brevissimo, acute angulato.
THE VARIABLE Donax. Shell triangularly oblong, rather
narrow, radiately linearly grooved, yellowish or white,
or variously pink-rayed; anterior side acuminately
rounded, posterior broad, very short, sharply angled.
Say, American Conchology, pl. 61. f. 1.
Hab. United States.
Chiefly distinguished by its pinched acuminately round-
ed anterior end.
Species 48. (Mus. Cuming.)
Donax DENTICULATA. Don. testé trigono-cuneatd, cras-
siusculd, dense Uineari-suleatd, albidd, rufo et griseo
varie radiata, interdum aurantid ; latere antico sub-
October, 1854.
DONAX.—Ptats VII.
attenuato-rotundato, postico gibboso, biangulato ; ared
interna corrugata.
THE SMALL-TOOTHED Donax. Shell triangularly wedge-
shaped, rather thick, densely linearly grooved, whitish,
variously red and grey rayed, sometimes orange ; an-
terior side somewhat attenuately rounded, posterior
side gibbous, two-angled; inner area wrinkled.
Linnaus, Syst. Nat. (12th edit.) p. 1127.
Hab. West Indies.
A rather stout solid species, strongly linearly grooved
throughout, double-angled on the posterior side, the area
of the inner angle being wave-wrinkled.
Species 49. (Mus. Cuming.)
Donax opesa. Don. testé abbreviato-trigond, gibbosd,
obesd, radiatim tenué lineari-sulcatd, sulcis minutis-
simé decussatis, latere antico subacuminato, postico
obtuse globoso-truncato, albd, postice griseo-tincta.
Tue stout Donax. Shell shortly triangular, gibbous,
stout, radiately finely linearly grooved, grooves very
minutely decussated, anterior side subacuminated,
posterior obtusely globosely truncated, white, pos-
teriorly stained with grey.
D’Orsteny, Voy. dans Amérique Meéridionale.
Hab. Real Lejos, Central America; Cuming.
A small species, of peculiarly short stout swollen
growth.
Donax, Pl. VII,
on
J6
39
Sowerby del lith Vincent Brooks Imp
(Magnified %4 diam .)
DORN TAO:
Puate VIII.
Species 50. (Mus. Cuming.)
Donax Mapacascariensts. Don. testé abbreviato-tri-
angulari, peculiariter diagonaliter undato-costatd, la-
tere postico abrupte plano-angulato, interstitiis aree
cancellatis, antico compresse angulato-acuminato ; al-
bidd, epidermide fulvd induta.
Tue Mapacascar Donax. Shell shortly triangular,
peculiarly diagonally wave-ribbed, posterior side
abruptly flatly angled, interstices of the area can-
cellated, anterior compressly angularly acuminated ;
whitish, covered with a fulvous epidermis.
Woon, Index Testaceologicus, Supp. Dona, fig. 3.
Donax Keyi, A. Adams.
Hab. Madagascar.
Peculiarly characterized by a sculpture of diagonally
cross-waved ribs.
Species 51. (Mus. Cuming.)
DOoNAX PETALLINA. Don. testa subangusté oblonga, tenut,
semipellucidd, subequilaterali, minutissimé radiatim
striaté, pellucido-albd, purpurascente late biradiatd ;
lateribus rotundatis, subequalibus, postico latiore ;
umbonibus parvis, subcentralibus.
THE LITTLE PeTaL Donax. Shell rather narrowly
oblong, thin, semitransparent, nearly equilateral,
very minutely radiately striated, transparent-white,
broadly two-rayed with light purple; sides rounded,
nearly equal, posterior the broader; umboes small,
nearly central.
Desuayes, Pro. Zool. Soc. March, 1854.
Hab. ?
A very delicate subtransparent shell, marked with two
broad rays of light purple, with the sides nearly equal.
Species 52. (Mus. Cuming.)
Donax NEA. Don. testd anguste oblonga, striis sub lente
minutissime decussatd, sordidé albd, obscure biradiata,
eximie iridescente ; latere antico acuminato-rotundato,
postico obtuse declivi-angulato.
Tue Brass Donax. Shell narrowly oblong, beneath the
lens very minutely decussated with strice; dirty-
white, faintly two-rayed, delicately iridescent; an-
terior side acuminately rounded, posterior obtusely
slantingly angled.
Morcu, Kierulf Cat.; Deshayes, Pro. Zool. Soc. March,
1854.
Hab.
A minute dull white shell, apparently smooth, but de-
cussated beneath the lens with fine striae and delicately
iridescent.
?
Species 53. (Mus, Cuming.)
Donax INcARNATA. Don. testd latissimé trigond, solidi-
usculd, compressa, obscure radiatim sulcatd, posticé
conspicue undato-corrugatd, interstitiis cancellatis ;
lutescente-incarnatad ; latere antico subacuminato, pos-
tico brevissimo, obtuse angulato.
THE FLESH-TINTED Donax. Shell very broadly trian-
gular, rather solid, compressed, obscurely radiately
grooved, posteriorly conspicuously wave-wrinkled,
with the interstices cancellated; yellowish flesh-
tinged; anterior side subacuminated, posterior very
short, obtusely angled.
Cuemnrrz, Conch. Cab. vol. vi. p. 265. pl. 26. f. 259.
Hab. ?
Of a particularly broadly angled form, the umboes
seeming unusually elevated, with the obtuse posterior
angle strongly diagonally wave-wrinkled.
Species 54. (Mus. Cuming.)
Donax Dysont.
decussatim. striatd, postice fortiter concentricé lirata,
interstitiis cancellatis ; albidd, ad umbones livido-
purpurascente radiata ; latere antico rotundato, postico
Don. testé trigono-cuneatd, minutissimé
brevissimo, vie angulato.
Dyson’s Donax. Shell triangularly wedge-shaped, very
minutely decussately striated, posteriorly strongly
concentrically ridged, with the interstices cancellated ;
whitish, rayed at the umboes with livid purple; an-
terior side rounded, posterior very short, scarcely
angled.
Desuayes, Pro. Zool. Soc. March, 1854.
Hab. \ndian Seas.
Allied in general plan of sculpture to the preceding
October, 1854.
DONAX.—Ptate VIII.
species, in that the well-defined posterior ridges are not
wrinkled.
Species 55. (Mus. Cuming.)
Donax PaxitLus. Don. testd elongato-cuneatd, laevigata,
obscure radiatim sulcatd ; albidd, livido-tinctd ; latere
antico acuminato-rotundato, postico brevissimo, latius-
culo, abrupte angulato-truncato, ad angulum crenu-
lato ; area subtilissimé granoso-decussatda.
Tue LITTLE PEG Donax. Shell elongately wedge-shaped,
smooth, obscurely radiately grooved; whitish, livid
stained; anterior side acuminately rounded, posterior
very short, rather wide, abruptly angularly truncated,
erenulated at the angle; area finely granosely de-
cussated.
Hab. Ceylon.
Of a somewhat sharply elongated wedge-shape, crenu-
lated on the abrupt posterior angle.
Species 56. (Mus. Cuming.)
Donax semtsuLcata. Don. testd abbreviato-cuneiformi,
solidiusculd, lutescente, antice levigatd, politd, postice
lirato-clathratad ; latere antico acuminato-rotundato,
postico brevissimo abrupte concavo-truncato, acute cre-
nato-angulato ; ared nitidissime granato-lirata.
THE HALF-GROOVED Donax. Shell shortly wedge-shaped,
rather solid, yellowish, anteriorly smooth, polished,
posteriorly conspicuously ridge-latticed ; anterior side
acuminately rounded, posterior very short, abruptly
concavely truncated, sharply crenately angled; area
very neatly grain-ridged.
Han ey, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1843, p. 5.
Hab, East Africa.
Of a sharply angled wedge-form, beautifully lattice-
sculptured on the posterior side.
Species 57. (Mus. Cuming.)
Donax ciaTHrata. Don. testd oblongo-cuneatd, gibbo-
suld, albidd, undique pulcherrimé granoso-clathratd ;
latere antico rotundato, postico brevissimo, latiusculo,
abrupte truncato, ad angulum bicarinato.
Tue warriceD Donax. Shell oblong, wedge-shaped,
rather gibbous, whitish, beautifully grain-latticed
throughout; anterior side rounded, posterior very
short, rather broad, abruptly truncated, two-keeled
at the angle.
Desuayes, Pro. Zool. Soc. March, 1854.
Hab. ——?
Delicately grain-latticed throughout, with two charac-
teristic though slight keels on the posterior angles.
Species 58. (Mus. Cuming.)
Donax acuminata. Don. testé acute angulato-cuneata,
medio gibbosiusculd, densé radiatim suleatd ; albidd,
latere antico acuminato, postico acute declivi-angulato,
latiusculo.
THe AcUMINATED Donax. Shell sharply angularly
wedge-shaped, rather gibbous in the middle, densely
radiately grooved ; whitish, anterior side acuminated,
posterior sharply slantingly angled, rather broad.
Desuayes, Pro. Zool. Soc. March, 1854.
Hab. ? ;
Chiefly distinguished by the anterior side being more
than usually attenuated and acuminated.
Species 59. (Mus. Cuming.)
Donax NucuLorpeEs. Don. testé subquadrato-ovata, pla-
no-converd, solidiusculd ; albidd, epidermide corned
cinered nitente indutd; lateribus rotundatis, postico
breviore, vix truncato.
Tur Nucuna-t1Ke Donax. Shell somewhat squarely
ovate, flatly convex, rather solid; white, covered
with a shining horny-ash epidermis; sides rounded,
posterior the shorter, scarcely truncated.
Hab. Bodegas, California; Hinds.
Of very distinct typical character from any other species
of the genus, flatly convex, covered with a shining horny
epidermis, and having somewhat of the external aspect of
Nucula.
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68-
DONAX.
Puate IX.
Species 60. (Mus. Hanley.)
Donax saxutum. Don. test@ suboblongo-trigond, com-
pressé, solidiusculd, radiatim lirato-striatd, albidd,
nitente, versus marginem epidermide corned stramined
indutd, latere postico declivi-angulato, antico longiore,
rotundato.
THE LITTLE sTONE Donax. Shell somewhat oblong tri-
angular, compressed, rather solid, radiately ridge-
striated, whitish, shining, covered towards the mar-
gin with a straw-coloured horny epidermis, posterior
side slantingly angular, interior longer, rounded.
fab. ?
A whitish shining shell, although rayed throughout
with ridge-like stric, rather compressed, with the posterior
side more angularly slanting than usual.
Species 61. (Mus. Hanley.)
Donax 1ncERATA. Don. testé oblique trigond, subcurvatd,
concentricée leviter striata, striis radiantibus obsoletis
decussatd, subpellucido-albd, carneo-roseo tincta, latere
postico abrupté rotundato, antico acuminato-rotundato.
THE WAXEN Donax. Shell obliquely triangular, slightly
curved, concentrically faintly striated, decussated with
obsolete radiating striae, semitransparent white, tinged
with flesh-rose, posterior side abruptly rounded, an-
terior acuminately rounded.
Hab. Y
This odd valve, from Mr. Hanley’s collection, is not to
be identified with any previously described species of the
genus. It is of a subtransparent shining white texture,
delicately tinged with flesh-rose, obsoletely decussately
striated, and is equally characteristic in outline.
Species 62. (Mus. Cuming.)
Donax osscura. Don. testd trigono-ovati, subcompressd,
concentrice minutissimé densé striatd, calcareo-albd,
latere postico truncato-rotundato, antico longiore, ro-
tundato.
THE opscuRE Donax. Shell triangularly ovate, rather
compressed, concentrically very minutely closely stri-
ated, chalk-white, posterior side truncately rounded,
anterior rather longer, rounded.
9
Hab.
An opake-white species, very closely minutely concen-
trically striated, with the side not particularly unequal.
Fig. 63. (Mus. Hanley.)
This shell, from Mr. Hanley’s collection, named D.
Panamensis, Philippi, in the author’s own handwriting,
proves to be a variety of D. Cayennensis.
Species 64. (Mus. Hanley.)
Donax meta. Don. testd abbreviato-conicd, solidiusculd,
radiatim lirato-striatd, lutescente-albd, intus vitellind,
latere postico lato, tumidiusculo, acute angulato-trun-
cato, ared posticé eximid corrugaté et striata, latere
antico subcontracto, acuminato-rotundato.
Tue cone Donax. Shell shortly triangular, rather
solid, radiately ridge-striated, yellowish-white, in-
terior yolk-yellow, posterior side broad and rather
swollen, sharply angularly truncated, the posterior
area delicately wrinkled and striated, anterior side
rather contracted, acuminately rounded.
?
Hab.
Of this species we have but an odd valve, broadly an-
gularly truncated and a little swollen on the posterior
side, the anterior being rather contracted and acuminately
rounded.
Species 65. (Mus, Hanley.)
Donax inTRoRADIATA. Don. testa trigono-ovatd, radia-
tim dense sulcato-striatd, griseo-violaced, pallidé vio-
laceo biradiaté, radiis intus intense violaceis, latere
postico brevissimo, lato, gibboso, ad angulum funicu-
lato, ad aream densissimé corrugato et striato, latere
antico gradatim compresso-acuminato.
THE INWARDLY-RAYED Donax. Shell triangularly ovate,
radiately closely groove-striated, greyish-violet, mark-
ed with two faint violet rays, the rays deep violet in
the interior, posterior side very short, broad, gibbous,
raised into a cord at the angle, very closely wrinkled
and striated on the area, anterior side gradually com-
pressly acuminated.
Hab. P
A characteristic species, painted with two deep violet
internal rays faintly indicated without, broadly gibbous
June, 1855.
DONAX.—Ptate IX.
on the posterior side, with the edge raised into a cord,
and compressly acuminated anteriorly.
Species 66. (Mus. Hanley.)
Donax veuticata. Don. testé subelongato-oblongd, ra-
diatim densé sulcato-striaté, griseo-albd, ad umbones
purpurascente, albo minute biradiata, latere postico
abrupte truncato, ad marginem contracto, latere an-
tico rotundato.
Tue nippeD Donax. Shell rather elongately oblong,
radiately closely groove-striated, greyish-white, pur-
plish at the umboes, and minutely two-rayed with
white, posterior side abruptly truncated, contracted
at the margin, anterior side rounded.
Hab.’ ?
A rather solid elongately oblong species, somewhat
bluntly slopingly truncated at the posterior end, which
towards the ventral margin is peculiarly contracted or
pinched.
Species 67. (Mus. Hanley.)
Donax spicuLum. Don. testd lanceolato-oblonga, angusté,
radiatim tenuiter sulcato-striatd, carneo-fulvescente,
epidermide corned flavicante juata marginem induta,
latere postico brevissimo, obtuse angulato, antico lan-
ceolato-rotundato.
THE LITTLE BoLT Donax. Shell lanceolately oblong,
narrow, radiately finely groove-striated, flesh-tinged
fulvous, covered next the margin with a yellowish
horny epidermis, posterior side very short, obtusely
angled, anterior lanceolately rounded.
Hab. ?
Of this species, also from Mr. Hanley’s collection, there
is but a single valve. It is of a peculiarly lanceolate form,
of a very short abrupt growth posteriorly.
Species 68. (Mus. Hanley.)
Donax Brtincta. Don. testd trigono-oblongd, subcurvata,
versus marginem compressa, radiatim tenuiter sulcato-
striata, albida, radio lato rosco-purpurascente pictd,
latere postico declivi-angulato, area subconcava, medio
elevatd, roseo-purpurascente, latere antico compresso-
rotundato.
THE DOUBLE-STAINED Donax. Shell triangularly ob-
long, slightly curved, compressed towards the margin,
radiately finely groove-striated, whitish, painted with
a broad rose-purple ray, posterior side slopingly an-
gled, area subconcave, raised in the middle, rose-
purple, anterior side compressly rounded.
Hab. ?
Of an oblong curved form, with the posterior area gently
angularly sloping, rather concavely raised, and stained in
a characteristic manner with rose-purple, of which colour
there is a single broad ray in the middle of each valve.
pity WHR oo po tego boonos
acuminata, Deshayes .......
acutangula, Deshayes.......
anatinus, Lam. . .
asper Hanley lo s6 a5 a2 os +2
ASSUMI Ss ANLCY er sreie 2) =) shereiel
bella, Deshayes ...........
nal, Jeo eannaeboost
bitin tase Ceve wer terete eet eae
Californica, Conrad ........
carinata, Hanley ............
Cayennensis, Lam. ........
clathrata, Deshayes ........
columbella, Zam...........
complanatus, Mont. ..........
COMMPVESSAsy HOt en 1 payelere Ve eye ter=
Conradi, Deshayes.........
CONLUSA/LCeU Case ae nner area
GUiliere, SECT on naa onGs50
@INGELEL WOO aonb amon ac
deltoides, Zam: 25.00.00
denticulata, Linn, .........
dentifera, Hanley............
Dysoni, Deshayes ..........
epimerdia, Lam. ..........
faba, Chemn.
fabagella, Lam. ...........
PTACIISy HANICY) a c2 <2 «\c1- 3-1-1
granifera, Deshayes ..........
Hanleyana, Philippi .........
incarnata, Chemn. .........
incerata, Reeve............
introradiata, Reeve .......
NGiky INGEIDS oo dadoosboac
Lamarckii, Deshayes .........
levigata, Deshayes ..........
longa; Philippit Sao. 4- =. --
listen JEU) ose cacooeoo ee
Plate
VII.
VALE
VI.
DONAX.
Species
52
58
33
19
12
10
41
28
68
40
Hal
22
57
14
lunularis, Philippi .....
Madagascariensis, ood . .
MetaseACeue ene ieeaiee
navicula, Hanley ........
nitida, Deshayes ..........
Nuculoides, Reeve ...........
obesa, D’Ord. .......-
obesula, Deshayes ..........
obscura, Reeve ........
ovalina, Deshayes............
Owenii, Gray ....
paxillus; Reeve 5. oes .
petallina, Deshayes ..........
polita, Poli ......
pubescens, Linn. .. :
pulchella, Hanley .....
punctato-striata, Hanley ..
MGIENES JIS ao ed.cdodss 0056
TING ENS, MuATiy weer ahetee ele ee
7607 SLUT LONG eee ee
TUS OSA L070. ater eye ae
saxulum, Reeve ...........
scapellum, Gray ..
scortum, Jamn. ...........-
semistriata, Poli .......
semisuleata, Hanley . .
Sellas Cents er teria
SOLdId a piecue ee eens
Ronin, JU seccanasende
Ticaonica, Hanley ...........
transversa, Sow. ...........-
trifasciata, Reeve ............
CHUNCULUS AUCtaae rate a iil
trunculus, Linn. . . :
variabilis, Say ........
variegata, Reeve ..........
vellicata, Reeve ...........
WMO 72s. aoe cogoee se
Species
20
50
64
18
34
59
49
30
62
17
37
MONOGRAPH
OF THE GENUS
Des Ner nh aie ob,
* At distance viewed, it seems to lie
On its rough bed so carelessly,
That ’*twould an infant hand obey,
Stretched forth to seize it in his play.
But let that infant’s hand draw near,
It shrinks with quick instinctive fear,
And clings as close, as though the stoue
It rests upon, and it, were one;
And should the strongest arm endeavour
The Limpet from its rock to sever,
°Tis seen its loved support to clasp,
With such tenacity of grasp,
We wonder that such strength should dwell
In such a small and simple shell.” — Wordsworth.
Patella , PUI
PATELLA.
Puate I.
Genus PATELLA, Linnaeus.
Testa ovata, plus minus convexa, patellaformi, non spiralis,
apice interdum centrali, plerumque plus minus antice
inclinato, sepissime radiatim costata vel lirata, inter-
dum squamata, margine plerumque crenulata ; tn-
pressio muscularis elliptica, anticé interrupta.
Shell ovate or rounded, more or less convex, dish-shaped,
not spiral, apex sometimes central, generally more or
less inclined anteriorly, mostly radiately ribbed or
ridged, sometimes scaly, generally crenulated at the
margin; muscular impression elliptical, interrupted
anteriorly.
The Limpets, properly so called, have been collected
together under the generic title of Patella, from the re-
semblance of their shell to the form of a dish of that name,
formerly used by the Latins for carrying meat in their sa-
crifices. In structure it is the most simple of all shells,
being an unconvoluted shield, covering the soft parts of
the animal, more or less raised in convexity, not spiral,
inclining to an apex, rarely more than superficially de-
veloped, but sometimes bent over anteriorly into a minute
hook. From this apex radiate strie, ridges, or ribs, which
are sometimes scaled, and have the interstices sometimes
wrought into lattice work by concentric ridges. It is only
very rarely, however, that the shell is so sculptured, the
ribs or ridges being for the most part smooth, though
presenting abundant characteristic varieties of form and
distribution. The painting of the Patel/e is also exceed-
ingly varied; the prevailing pattern consisting of rays,
modified by various causes to a degree which renders the
different states of a species often extremely difficult of
identification.
The Patelle inhabit all latitudes, ranging from the
Equator to the Arctic Seas, where the P. testudinalis has
been found by Sir Edward Belcher in Wellington Channel,
the most northern limit of animal life; and they are every-
where abundant in their kind. Some of the finest species
are found about the Cape of Good Hope.
Species 1. (Mus. Cuming.)
PateLLtaA Mexicana. Pat. testd oblongo-ovatd, anticé at-
tenuaté, medio subacute convexd, versus marginem pla-
natd, radiatim costatd, costis subcompressis, rudibus,
irreqularibus, plus minus obsoletis, liris intermediis
scabrosis in testd juniore ; luteo-albd, hie illie palli-
dissime ferrugineo-tincté, intus pallidissime furrugineo
tinctd.
Tae Mexican Limper. Shell oblong-ovate, attenuated
in front, rather sharply convex in the middle, flat-
tened towards the margin, radiately ribbed, ribs rather
compressed, rude, irregular, more or less obsolete,
with intermediate scabrous ridges in the young shell ;
yellowish-white, here and there very faintly rust-
tinged, and very faintly rust-tinged within.
Broperip and Sowersy, Zool. Journ. vol. iv. p. 369.
Hab. Acapulco; Cuming. Mazatlan; Carpenter.
This fine species, the largest, in an eminent degree, of
the genus, is of a sharply convex form, flattened towards
the margin, distinguished exteriorly by a series of irregular
radiating ribs, which soon become obsolete as the shell
advances in growth. It is, within and without, of a uni-
form white, tinged with rust.
May, 1855.
. i
1
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4
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Patella, Pl. Il.
PATELLA.
Puate II.
Species 2. (Fig. a, 6, Mus. Cuming.)
PaTELLA ocuLus. Pat. testd suborbiculari-ovatd, con-
veviusculd, radiatim costatd et striata, costis in testa
juniore crenulatis, duodecim latioribus majoribus ; lu-
tescente, nigro variegatd, coloribus aetate evanescenti-
bus, intus prope marginem intense nigro-brunned, de-
inde eneo-castaned, deinde opaco-cerulescente, nucleo
fuscescente-vitellino.
Tue pYE Limpert. Shell somewhat orbicularly ovate,
moderately convex, radiately ribbed and _ striated,
ribs in the young shell crenulated, twelve broader
and larger; yellowish, variegated with black, the
colours fading with age, interior deep black-brown
near the margin, then bronze-chestnut, then light
opake-blue, with a brownish-yelk nucleus.
Born, Mus. Test. Vindobonensis, p. 418.
Hab. Cape of Good Hope.
The rich eye-like colouring of the interior of this spe-
cies is always a characteristic feature.
5
Species 3. (Fig. a, 6, Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA NIGRISQUAMATA. Pat. testd ovatd, erecto-co-
nica, alta, radiatim costatd, costis ad quadraginta,
fortiter nodoso-squamatis ; flavicante, squamis versus
apicem hie illie nigris, intus flavicante-albd, nucleo
rufescente-fusco, centro lacteo.
THE BLACK-SCALED Limpert. Shell ovate, erectly coni-
eal, high, radiately ribbed, ribs about forty, strongly
nodosely sealed; yellowish, scales towards the apex
here and there black, interior yellowish-white, with
a reddish-brown nucleus, with the centre milk-white.
Hab. Australia.
A very characteristic elevately conical species, sculp-
tured with about forty prominently nodule-scaled ribs,
which are rather irregular in their development. The
ground-colour of the shell is a deep opake-yellow, and the
nodules towards the apex more especially in the young are
here and there deep cinder-black.
October, 1854.
tela , Pb. IL
PATELLA.
Prater III.
Species 4. (Fig. a, 4, Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA GRANATINA.
tice coarctatd, subelevatd, radiatim fortiter costatd,
Pat. testa ovata, suboctagond, an-
costis numerosis, subcrenulatis, octo plerumque majori-
bus, subacutis ; cerulescente-albd, olivaceo-nigro pro-
Suse maculata, intus nucleo amplo purpureo-rufo.
THE GARNET Limpert.
tracted in front, rather raised, radiately strongly
ribbed, ribs numerous, subcrenulated, eight generally
larger, rather sharp; bluish-white, profusely spotted
with olive-black, interior with a large deep purple-
red nucleus.
Linnazvs, Syst. Nat. (12th edit.) p. 1258.
Hab. Cape of Good Hope.
Distinguished by its mottled olive-black spots on the
outside, and deep purple burnt-red nucleus inside. There
is also, in young specimens, an appearance of crenulation
both on the ribs and in the interstices. With age the ribs
become sharper and the crenulation more obscure.
Shell ovate, suboctagonal, con-
Species 5. (Fig. a, 6, Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA PLUMBEA. Lat. testé suboblongo-ovatd, ad la-
tera anticé coarctatd, converiusculd, radiatim costata,
costis numerosis, parvis, irregularibus, striis concen-
tricis crenulatis ; nigricante-plumbed, costis satura-
tioribus, intus pallide cerulescente-plumbed, nucleo
amplo, fuscescente-vitellino.
Tue Leap Limpert. Shell somewhat oblong-ovate, con-
tracted anteriorly at the sides, rather convex, ra-
diately ribbed, ribs numerous, small, irregular, cre-
nulated with concentric striz ; blackish lead-colour,
ribs darker, interior pale bluish-lead, nucleus larger,
brownish-yelk.
Lamarck, Anim. sans vert. (Deshayes’ edit.) vol. vii. p.
530.
Hab. Senegal.
Of a uniform dark lead-colour, rayed with small almost
superficial crenulated ribs, and having a conspicuous opake-
brownish yelk nucleus in the interior.
October, 1854.
Patella, Pl. LV
Vincent Brooks Imp
Sowerby del et bth
PATELLA.
Prats IV.
Species 6. (Fig. a, 6, Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA TESTUDINARIA. Pat. testd ovato-rotundatd,
crassiusculd, semipellucidd, apice anticé subinclinato,
strus radiatis et concentricis decussatd ; lutescente,
intense purpureo-rufo reticulato-radiatd et maculata,
intus argented, ad marginem purpureo maculata.
THE TORTOISE-SHELL Limpnr. Shell ovately rounded,
rather thick, semipellucid, apex rather inclined an-
teriorly, decussated with radiating and concentric
strie ; yellowish, net-rayed and blotched with deep
purple-red, interior silvery, blotched with purple at
the margin.
Linn aus, Syst. Nat. (12th edit.) p. 1260.
Lottia testudinaria, Sowerby.
Hab. Philippine Islands; Cuming.
Though a solid shell, this species is comparatively of
transparent substance. The purple-red painting is de-
posited in a peculiar smeary style, always uniform and
characteristic. The interior is lined with a delicate silvery
nacre, into which the dark red rays blend from the margin.
Species 7. (Fig. a, 6, Mus. Cuming.)
PaTELLA ZEBRA. Pat. testd ovatd, acute convexd, suballd,
apice prominente, antice subinclinato, radiatim rude
nodoso-costata, costis etate evanescentibus ; griseo-alba,
nigro-fusco radiatin strigatd, intus alba, vitello tincta,
margine maculis nigro-fuscis binis conspicue picto.
Tue zepra Limpert. Shell ovate, sharply convex, rather
high, apex prominent, somewhat inclined anteriorly,
radiately roughly nodosely ribbed, ribs fading with
age; greyish-white, radiately streaked with black-
brown, interior white, tinged with yelk-yellow, mar-
gin conspicuously painted with narrow black-brown
blotches in pairs.
Patella rustica, Menke (not of Linneeus).
Hab. Swan River.
A very characteristic species, strongly rudely nodule-
ribbed in the young state, the ribs being about two-and-
twenty in number, but with age they become faint. The
shell is of a greyish-white, vividly rayed with black-brown
streaks, and the inner margin is conspicuously and neatly
painted with narrow blotches of the same colour in pairs.
October, 1854.
Patella , Pl. V.
3b =
Sawerby del et lith Vincent Brook:
PATELLA.
Pate V.
Species 8. (Hig. a, 6, Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA RUSTICA. Pat. testd ovati, indistincté octagond,
convewiusculd, solidd, acute rude irregulariter costatd,
costis versus marginem squamatis ; ferrugineo-rufa,
intus lacted, margine acuté irregulariter squamato,
pallide rufescente.
Tue rustic Limpert. Shell ovate, indistinctly octagonal,
rather convex, solid, sharply rudely irregularly ribbed,
ribs sealed towards the margin; rust-red, milk-white
within, margin sharply irregularly squamate, pale
reddish.
Linnavs, Syst. Nat. (12th edit.) p. 1261.
Hab. Cape of Good Hope.
A bold roughly ribbed species, the ribs being bluntly
scaled towards the margin, of a peculiar rust-red colour,
milk-white in the interior.
Species 9. (Fig. a, 6, Mus. Cuming.)
ParreLta NEA. Pat. tesid suboblongo-ovatd, alta, apice
anticé inclinato, radiatim squamato-costatd, squamis
brevissimis, subdistantibus ; intense sordide fusca, intus
eneo-castaned.
Tur Bronze Limpert. Shell somewhat oblong-ovate,
high, apex inclined anteriorly, radiately squamately
ribbed, scales very short, rather distant; dark dull
brown, interior bronze-chestnut.
Martyn, Universal Conchology, vol. i. pl. 17.
Hab. Straits of Magellan; Cuming.
An elevately oblong-conical species, of a dull brown,
rayed with bluntly scaled ribs, the scales being rather
distant. The interior is chestnut-stained and of irides-
cent bronze.
October, 1854.
Patella, Pl. VI.
10b
PATELLA.
Puate VI.
Species 10. (Fig. a, 6, Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA SANGUINANS. Pat. testd oblongo-ovatd, convex-
iusculé, apice subantico, striis concentricis lirisque
parvis superficiariis decussatd ; albidd, hic illic pecu-
liariter rugosa, strigis sanguineo-rufis promiscue flu-
entibus tinctd, superficie rugosd rufo-punctatd, intus
semipellucido-albd, conspicue rufo-radiata.
THE BLEEDING Limpert. Shell oblong-ovate, rather con-
vex, apex rather anterior, decussated with concentric
strie and small superficial ridges ; whitish, here and
there peculiarly rough, marked with promiscuously
flowing blood-red streaks, rough surface red-dotted,
interior semipellucid-white, conspicuously red-rayed.
Hab. Cape Natal, South Africa.
This fie new species is of an oblong-oval form, rather
flattish, with the apex situated somewhat anteriorly. It
is of a reddish-white ground, painted with promiscuous
streaks of red, like blood flowing, and the ground is sin-
gularly overlaid here and there with an opake rough
coating dotted with red.
Species 11. (Fig. a, 4, Mus. Cuming.)
PatTeELLA Lonericosta. Pat. testd ovatd, antice subat-
tenuatd, depresso-convead, costis duodecim fortissimis
radiata, costis paucis minoribus intermediis, omnibus
carinatis ; ferrugineo-nigra, intus cerulescente-albd,
nucleo pallide vittellino, margine prominente stellato-
squamato, nigro-fimbriato.
THE LONG-RIBBED Limpert. Shell ovate, slightly attenu-
ated anteriorly, depressly convex, rayed with twelve
very strong ribs, with a few smaller intermediate ribs,
all the ribs keeled ; rust-black, interior bluish-white,
with a pale yelk nucleus, margin prominently stel-
lately scaled, black-rayed.
Lamarck, Anim. sans vert. (Deshayes’ edit.) vol. vii. p.
528.
Patella gorgonica, Humphreys, MS.
9
Hab.
This well-known species is chiefly remarkable on ac-
count of the very conspicuous star-like development of the
ribs. °
October, 1854.
‘
ON
1
ot
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3b
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PATELLA.
Puate VII.
Species 12. (Fig. a, 6, Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA CONSPICUA.
nuatd, convexiusculd, subpellucidd, radiatim profuse
cerulescente-albd, carulescente-
nigro promiscue marmorato-radiatd, intus subargented,
Pat. testé ovatd, anticé vix atte-
suleaté et striatd ;
medio opaco-alba aut vitellind, ad marginem conspicue
radiata.
THE conspicuous Limpnr. Shell ovate, scarcely con-
tracted in front, slightly convex, subpellucid, ra-
diately profusely grooved and striated ; bluish-white,
promiscuously mottle-rayed with blue-black, interior
slightly silvery, opake-white or yelk in the middle,
conspicuously rayed at the margin.
Puinrppr, Abbild. und Besch. Conch. pl. 3. f. 1.
Hab. Mouth of the Gaboon, West Africa.
The dark rays which characterize this species are of
quite a peculiar mottled style of colouring, and, the shell
being of a subtransparent texture, they are seen very dis-
tinctly through it towards the margin. The inner central
nucleus is sometimes yelk-yellow, sometimes marble-white.
Species 13. (Mus. Cuming.)
PaTELLA CoMPRESSA. Pat. testd oblonga, altd, ad latera
peculiariter compressa, undique radiatim striata, striis
obscure remote granulatis, tenuiculd; sordide stra-
mined, subpellucida, intus medio opaco-alba.
Tue compressep Limper. Shell oblong, high, pecu-
liarly compressed at the sides, everywhere radiately
striated, striz obscurely remotely granuled, rather
thin; dingy straw-colour, subtransparent, interior
opake-white at the middle.
Linn us, Syst. Nat. (12th edit.) p. 1261.
Hab. Cape of Good Hope.
A dingy straw-coloured subtransparent shell, rayed
throughout with faintly knotted stri, always singularly
compressed at the sides.
October, 1854.
Patella, Pl. VI.
PATELLA.
Puate VIII.
Species 14. (Fig. a, 6, Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA Costoso-PLicaTa. Pat. testd ovatd, convevius-
culd, crassiusculd, radiatim fortiter costatd, costis ir-
regularibus, rudé declivi-tuberculatis, interstitiis rudé
clathratis ; sordidé eroso-fuscd, intus alba, margine
Jjimbriatia.
THE RIB-PLEATED Limpert. Shell ovate, slightly convex,
rather thick, radiately strongly ribbed, ribs irregular,
rudely slantingly tuberculated, interstices rudely lat-
ticed; dingy eroded brown, interior white, fimbriated
at the margin.
Martint, Conch. Cab. vol. i. p. 91. pl. 8. f. 66.
Patella ferruginea, Gmelin.
?
Hab.
A solid white shell, rayed with strong slantingly tuber-
cled ribs rudely latticed in the interstices, the whole sur-
face having a rusty eroded aspect.
Species 15. (Fig. a, 6, Mus. Cuming.)
Parenta cuprea. Pat. testé ovatd, semiglobosi, soli-
diusculd, radiatim crenulato-liratd, liris alternis mi-
noribus ; cupreo-fuscd, intus argented, nucleo opaco-
albo.
Tue copper Limpsr. Shell ovate, semiglobose, rather
solid, radiately crenulately ridged, alternate ridges
smaller ; copper-brown, interior silvery, nucleus
opake-white.
Patella lugubris, Dunker (not of Martyn or Martini).
fab. Swan River.
A firm shell, of a semiglobose saucer-like form, rayed
with crenuled ridges, alternately smaller, the exterior being
of a semitransparent copper-brown white, the interior is
bright silvery.
October, 1854.
Patella, Pl. IX.
166
Rrooks mp
Sowerby del. et lith
PATELLA.
Puate IX.
Species 16. (Fig. a, 6, Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA PLICATA. Pat. testd ovatd, anticé subangustiore,
parum converd, rudé plicato-costald, costis squamis
cornutis rugosis profuse armatis ; griseo-albd, nigro-
cante marmoratd, intus nitente-albd, margine acute
elongato-squamata.
PLEATED Limpert. Shell ovate, rather narrower
anteriorly, but little convex, rudely plicately ribbed,
ribs profusely armed with rough horned scales ; grey-
ish-white, marbled with pale black, interior shining
white, sharply elongately scaled at the margin.
Born, Mus. Test. Vindobonensis, pl. 18. f. 1.
Hab. Cape of Good Hope.
THE
Chiefly distinguished by the rude scales of the ribs,
which are very irregularly developed and mostly of a pro-
longed horn-like growth. The colour of the shell is gene-
rally an ash-mottled grey.
Species 17. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA UMBELLA. Pat. testd ovata, anticé subattenuatd,
radiatim costatd, costis acutis, subrudibus, squamulatis,
liris duabus minutis in interstitiis ; subpellucido-albd,
minio punctata et strigatd, intus pellucido-albd, nucleo
marmoreo-albo.
THe LITTLE FAN Limpert. Shell ovate, subattenuated in
front, radiately ribbed, ribs sharp, rather rude, finely
scaled, with two minute ridges in the interstices ;
subtransparent-white, dotted and radiately streaked
with vermilion, interior transparent-white, with mar-
ble-white nucleus.
GMELIN, Syst. Nat. p. 3706.
Patella sanguinolenta, Gmelin.
Patella miniata, Born.
Hab. Cape of Good Hope.
Of transparent-white texture, rudely squamately ribbed,
delicately streaked and spotted in the interstices between
the ribs with bright scarlet-vermilion.
October, 1854.
Patella, PUX.
19b
PATELLA.
Prats X.
Species 18. (Fig. a, 6, c, Mus. Cuming.)
PaTELLA vENOSA. Pat. testd ovatd, convexd, atate sub-
altd, anticé subcontractd, in testa juniore radiatim cos-
tatd, costis parvis, subdistantibus, etate plus minus
obsoletis, prope marginem varicosis; pellucido-alba,
castaneo-purpureo irregulariter venoso, venis ad margi-
nem bifurcatis, intus purpureo-castaneo intense tincta.
Tue verNED Limpert. Shell ovate, convex, rather high
with age, a little contracted in front, in the young
shell radiately ribbed, ribs small, rather distant, more
or less obsolete with age, varicose near the margin ;
transparent-white, irregularly veined with chestnut-
purple, veins bifurcated at the margin, deeply stained
with purple-chestnut in the interior.
Hab. Isle of Chiloe, West Columbia; Cuming.
A transparent shell, gently radiately ribbed in the young
state, of transparent-white substance crossed with veins of
rich chestnut-purple. The veins are zigzag-biforked at
the margin; and the interior of the shell is richly stained
with the same colour, bronze-hued.
Species 19. (Fig. a, 6, Mus. Cuming.)
PateLLa Maceetianica. Pat. testd ovatd, pyramidali-
concavd, altissimd, radiatim costatd, costis latiusculis,
rudibus, obsolete retusé tuberculatis ; cinereo-fuscd,
costis saturatioribus, nigro-maculatis, intus cinereo-
tincté.
Tue Magettan Limpert. Shell ovate, pyramidally con-
cave, very high, radiately ribbed, ribs rather broad,
rude, obsoletely bluntly tubercled; ash-brown, ribs
darker, blotched with black, interior ash-tinged.
Martini, Conch. Cab. vol. i. pl. 5. f. 40 and 41.
Hab. Straits of Magellan; Cuming.
This species is distinguished chiefly by its lofty pyra-
midal cup-form, a character not discernible in our figure ;
and it is rayed throughout with broad obtuse ribs ob-
securely bluntly tubercled.
Species 20. (Fig. a, 46, Mus. Cuming.)
PaTELLA ARGENVILLII.
tice paululum contractd, profundé convexd, radiatin
densé tenuiliratd, liris planulatis, crenulatis, alterna-
tim majoribus, interstitiis ad marginem bidenticulatis ;
atrd, versus apicem plus minus erosd, intus marmoreo-
Pat. testa suboblongo-ovata, an-
alba, ferrugineo-luteo tinctd, margine atra.
ARGENVILLE’S Limpert. Shell somewhat oblong-ovate,
a little contracted in front, deeply convex, radiately
densely finely ridged, ridges flat, crenulated, alter-
nately larger, interstices bidenticulated at the mar-
gin; jet-black, more or less eroded towards the apex,
interior marble-white, tinged with rusty-yellow, black
at the edge.
Krauss, Siidafrikanische Mollusken, p. 49.
Lepas écaillé, Avgenville, Conch. vol. i. p. 504. pl. 3.
iG.
Hab. Table Bay, South Africa.
The sculpture of this shell consists of a number of
close-set sharp jet-black ridges inclined to be white in the
interstices, but more or less eroded towards the apex.
The margin is neatly set round with sharp denticles in
pairs.
October, 1854.
eb FO lS:
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- |
Patella, Pl. XT.
PATELLA.
Prate XI.
Species 21. (Fig. a, 4, c, Mus. Cuming.)
PaTELLA varicosa. Pat. testa suboblongo-ovatd, anticé
paululum contractd, convext, apice anticé inclinato,
radiatim costatd, costis latis, irregularibus, feré obso-
letis ; virescente-albd, purpureo-castaneo tincta et ve-
nos, intus venosa et variegata.
THe varicose Limprr. Shell rather oblong-ovate, a
little contracted in front, convex, apex inclined an-
teriorly, radiately ribbed, ribs broad, irregular, nearly
obsolete; greenish-white, stained and veined with
purple-chestnut, veined and variegated interior.
Hab. Tierra del Fuego; Cuming.
The painting of this shell, when not obscured by age, is
very similar to that of P. venosa of the preceding plate.
The form of the shell is a more oblong-oval, and the ribs
of the surface are broad and almost obsolete.
Species 22. (Fig. a, 6, Mus. Cuming.)
PaTELLA vipUA. Pat. testé ovati, converiusculd, fortiter
acute costatd, costis alternatim minoribus, minute squa-
matis, sguamis distantibus, costa alternd interdum feré
obsoleta ; ferrugineo-nigrd, apice erosd, intus albidéa,
fascia lata ferrugineo-nigraé ad marginem, nucleo pal-
lide ferrugineo.
Tae wipow Limpnrt. Shell ovate, moderately convex,
strongly sharply ribbed, ribs alternately smaller, mi-
nutely scaled, scales distant, the alternate rib some-
times nearly obsolete, rusty-black, eroded at the apex,
interior whitish, with a broad rusty-black band at
the edge, nucleus pale rust.
Hab. Island of Camiguing, Philippines.
A moderately convex shell, rayed with sharp ribs, al-
ternately larger and smaller, each rib being roughened
with minute somewhat distant scales; the chief charac-
teristic of the species lies in its broad deep rust-black
marginal border.
Species 23, (Fig. a, 6, Mus. Cuming.)
PaTELLA aspERA. Pat. testi ovatd, suboctagond, anticé
paululum contracté, leviter convexd, varie irregulariter
costatd, undique tenuiliratd, liris squamato-spinosis ;
albidd, ferrugineo vel atro variegata, intus pellucido-
alba, margine crenulaté.
Tue roucH Limpnr. Shell ovate, suboctagonal, a little
contracted in front, slightly convex, variously irre-
gularly ribbed, finely ridged throughout, ridges squa-
mately spinose; whitish, variegated with rust or
black, interior pellucid-white, crenulated at the
margin.
Lamarck, Anim. sans vert. (Deshayes’ edit.) vol. vil. p.
529.
Hab. Madeira.
Of a suboctagonal form, but little convex, rudely irre-
gularly ribbed and densely finely ridged, the ridges being
profusely scale-spined.
October, 1854.
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Patella PUXIL
PATELLA.
Puate XII.
Species 24. (Fig. a, 6, Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA COCHLEAR. Pat. testd rotundato-ovatd, parum
convexd, antice attenuato-producté et cochleariformi,
radiatim plano-costatd, costis latis, acute suleatis ;
cerulescente-albd, intus caeruliore, impressione mus-
culari ceruleo-nigrd, margine crenulato.
Tue spoon Limprt. Shell rotundately ovate, but little
convex, anteriorly attenuately produced and spoon-
shaped, radiately flatly ribbed, ribs broad, sharply
ridged; bluish-white, interior more blue, with the
muscular impression blue-black, margin crenulated.
GMELIN, Syst. Nat. p. 3721.
Hab. Cape of Good Hope.
A very characteristic species, always distinguishable by
its blue colouring and by the spoon-shaped prolongation
of the anterior extremity.
Species 25. (Fig. a, 6, Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA RADIANS. Pat. testd ovatd, convexiusculd, apice
antice multd inclinato, radiatim costatd, costis ro-
tundatis, subdistantibus, obsoleté nodosis, anticis brevis-
simis ; olivaceo-cinered, costis plus minus nigris, inter-
stitiis nigro alboque maculatis, intus sordidé cinerea,
nucleo fulvo.
THe RAYED Limpert. Shell ovate, moderately convex,
apex very much inclined anteriorly, radiately ribbed,
ribs rounded, rather distant, obsoletely nodose, front
ribs very short; olive-ash, ribs more or less black,
interstices blotched with black and white, interior
dull ash, nucleus fulvous.
GMELIN, Syst. Nat. 13th edit. p. 3720.
Hab. New Zealand ; Earl.
The apex of this species is unusually much inclined an-
teriorly. The entire surface is distinctly rayed with full
cord-like ribs, black-stained, and sprinkled chiefly in the
interstices with white spots.
Species 26. (Fig. a, 6, c, Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA viRIDULA. Pat. testd rotundato-ovatd, subco-
noided, undique peculiariter densé minute indentatd,
radiatim costatd, costis distantibus, planulatis, fere ob-
soletis ; flavescente-albd, viridi plus minus maculata et
punctata, costis opaco-albo interdum punctatis, intus
alba, margine viridi.
THE GREENISH Limpert. Shell rotundately ovate, sub-
conoid, everywhere peculiarly densely minutely in-
dentated, radiately ribbed, ribs distant, flattish, al-
most obsolete ; yellowish-white, more or less blotched
and dotted with green, ribs sometimes dotted with
opake-white, interior white, green at the edge.
Lamarck, Anim. sans vert. vol. vil. p. 539.
Patella Pretrei, D’Orbigny.
Hab. Coquimbo ; Cuming.
Peculiarly finely indented throughout, and dotted and
variegated with bright green.
October, 1854.
Patella Et MUL.
PATELLA.
Prate XIII.
Species 27. (Fig. a, 6, c, Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA TRAMOSERICA. Lat. testé ovatd, subconoided,
radiatim costatd, costis confertis, interdum obscure
nodoso-tuberculatis, raro submuricatis ; lutescente aut
rosed, nigro radiata, radiis albo maculatis, vel intersti-
tiis omnino nigris, intus margine plus minus viride
coloratd.
Tue pRUuGGET LimpEt. Shell ovate, subconoid, radiately
ribbed, ribs close-set, sometimes obscurely nodosely
tubercled, rarely a little prickled; yellowish or rose-
tinged, rayed with black, rays white-spotted, or with
the interstices altogether black, interior more or less
brightly coloured at the margin.
Martyn, Universal Conchology, vol. i. pl. 16.
Hab. Australia.
Distinctly coloured with black and yellow or black and
scarlet, which shines through brightly into the interior at
the margin.
Species 28. (Fig. a, 6, Mus Cuming.)
PATELLA CHRULEA. Pat. testd ovatd, convexiusculd, apice
antice subinclinato, radiatim costatd, costis rudibus,
irreqgularibus, nunc grandibus, nunc parvis ; virescente-
ceruled, purpureo-rufo versus marginem tinctd, intus
pellucido-colorata, nucleo opaco-albo.
THE BLUE Limpert. Shell ovate, moderately convex, the
apex a little inclined anteriorly, radiately ribbed, ribs
rude and irregular, now large, now small; greenish-
blue, tinged with purple-red towards the margin, in-
terior transparently coloured, nucleus opake-white.
Lamarck, Anim. sans vert. (Deshayes’ edit.) vol. vii. p.
531.
Hab. Teneriffe.
A delicate subtransparent rough-ribbed species, green-
ish-blue, tinged with purple-red towards the margin.
Species 29. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA LimBATA. Pat. testd ovatd, subconoided, radia-
tim costatd, costis rudibus, latis, plus minus indistine-
tis, nodulatis, obsolete muricatis ; intense aurantid, cos-
tarum interstitiis angustissimis nigris, intus margine
aurantio nigro conspicue maculato, nucleo ceruleo.
Tue EpGED Limpert. Shell subconoid, radiately ribbed,
ribs rude, broad, more or less indistinct, noduled,
obsoletely prickly ; deep orange, interstices between
the ribs very narrow, black, interior orange at the
margin, conspicuously blotched with black, nucleus
blue.
Pururert, Abbild. und Besch. Conch. pl. 3. f. 1.
Hab, Signet Bay, North Australia; Dring.
Closely allied to P. tramoserica, from the same locality,
with the ribs broader and less distant from each other.
October, 1854.
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PATELLA,
Puate XIV.
Species 30. (Fig. a, 4, Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA CLATHRATULA. Pat. testa rotundato-ovatd, sub-
conoided, apice antice subinclinato, liris subtilibus pro-
fuse radiati, striis concentricis clathratd ; intense ci-
nereo-olivaced, immaculatd, intus pallide olivaceo-ci-
nered, margine saturatiore, nucleo fulvo.
THE FINELY LATTICED Limpert. Shell rotundately ovate,
subconoid, apex a little inclined anteriorly, profusely
rayed with fine ridges, latticed with concentric strize ;
dark ash-olive, unspotted, interior light olive-ash,
darker at the margin, nucleus fulvous.
Hab. Isle of Juan Fernandez; Cuming.
Of a regular conoid form, finely latticed throughout,
and of a uniform dark cinder-olive colour.
Species 31. (Fig. a, 6, Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA GRANULARIS. Pat. testd ovatd, antice paululum
contractd, subconoided, apice anticé leviter inclinato,
dense radiatim liratd, liris irregularibus, plus minus
prominentibus, nitide squamato-imbricatis ; nigricante-
cinered, squamis albis, intus late JSusco-marginata, de-
inde cerulescente, nucleo rufo-castaneo, limbo hic illic
albo denticulato.
THE GRANULAR Limpert. Shell ovate, a little contracted
anteriorly, subconoid, apex slightly inclined in front,
densely radiately ridged, ridges irregular, more or
less prominent, neatly squamately imbricated ; black-
ish-ash, scales white, interior broadly brown-edged,
then bluish, nucleus reddish-chestnut, edge denticu-
lated here and there with white.
Linnavus, Syst. Nat. (12th edit.) p. 1258.
Patella denticulata, Martyn.
Hab. Cape of Good Hope.
Singularly characterized by a profusion of white prickly
imbrications, upon a dull dirty ash-black ground.
Species 32. (Fig. a, 6, c, Mus. Cuming.)
PaTELLA LUGUBRIS. Pat. testa ovatd, convexiusculd, apice
antice leviter inclinato, dense rude costatd et liratd, et
nodose muricato-squamatd ; sordidé albd, intense nigro
tincta et maculata, intus fulvo-alba vel plumbeo-ceru-
led, margine late serrato.
THe mMourNFUL Limpert. Shell ovate, moderately con-
vex, apex slightly inclined anteriorly, densely rudely
ribbed and ridged, and nodosely prickly-scaled; dull
white, stained and blotched with intense black, in-
terior fulvous-white or lead-blue, margin broadly ser-
rated.
Hab. Island of St. Vincent’s, West Indies.
An irregularly roughly ribbed shell, covered with short
prickly-scaled nodules. Of a dull white ground, more or
less stained and blotched with intense black.
October, 1854.
fy? oo
Dols is Lie
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i
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as a
Pag wife’
Fatella, PLXV.
Sowerby del et hth
PATELLA.
PLATE XV.
Species 33. (Fig. a, 4, c, Mus. Cuming.)
PaTELLA DECORA. Pat. testd ovata, semigloboso-concava,
apice antice multo inclinato, radiatim costatd, costis
angustis, rotundatis, vie elevatis, distantibus, intersti-
tiis undato-striatis, striis concentricis obsolete decus-
satis ; virescente-olivaced vel luted, costis nigro vel
sanguineo maculatis, intus pellucido-cinered.
The comeLty Limper. Shell ovate, semiglobosely con-
cave, apex much inclined anteriorly, radiately ribbed,
ribs narrow, rounded, but little raised, distant, in-
terstices wave-striated, obsoletely decussated with
concentric striae; greenish-olive or yellow, ribs
blotched with black or blood-colour, interior trans-
parent-ash.
Purippr, Abbild. und Besch. Conch. pl. 2. f. 5.
Hab. New Zealand; Earl.
Of a peculiar semiglobose form, with the apex very
much inclined to the anterior, rayed with ribs, blotched
with black and blood-like gouts.
Species 34. (Fig. a, 6, Mus. Cuming.)
Patetta Canpet. Pat. testé ovatd, subconoided, versus
marginem leviter compressa, obsolete nodoso-clathratd,
plerumque multo erosi, lineis concentricis albis unda-
tis formantibus ; intus extusque semipellucidé livido-
olivaced, nucleo albo.
Canpe’s Limpert. Shell ovate, subconoid, slightly com-
pressed towards the margin, obsoletely nodosely lat-
ticed, generally much eroded, forming concentric
waved white lines; semitransparent livid olive with-
in and without, nucleus white.
D’Orsteny, Moll. des Isles Canaries.
Hab, Canary Islands.
A semitransparent livid-olive shell, obsoletely nodosely
latticed, but generally very much worn and eroded, leaving
characteristic white waved lines.
Species 35. (Fig. a, 6, Mus. Cuming.)
PaTELLA Exusta. Pat. testd ovaté, antic subatte-
nuatd, planulato -convexd, subexpansd, apice antice
inclinato, radiatim costatd, costis, cum superficie, ru-
dibus, wregularibus, obscure muricato-squamatis, in-
terstitiis liris concentricis subdistantibus obsolete cla-
thratis ; ustulato-nigrd, rufo-tinctd, intus marmoreo-
alba, margine remote denticulato, purpureo-nigro.
Tur BuRNT Limpert. Shell ovate, a little attenuated in
front, flatly convex, rather spread, apex inclined an-
teriorly, radiately ribbed, ribs (with the surface) rude,
irregular, obscurely prickly-scaled, interstices obso-
letely latticed with rather distant concentric ridges ;
burnt-black, red-tinged, interior marble-white, edge
remotely denticulated, purple-black.
2
Hab.
An extremely characteristic species, marble-white with-
in, reddish-burnt black without, but of singular rude irre-
gular obsoletely latticed sculpture.
October, 1854.
Patdla PAV.
PATELLA.
Puate XVI.
Species 36. (Fig. a, 4, c, Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA VARIEGATA. Pat. testd orbiculari-ovatd, sub-
acuminato-convexd, antice paululum inclinatd, radia-
tim granoso-lirata, granis obtusis, valde irregularibus ;
lutescente, nigro-purpureo interrupte radiata et macu-
lata, intus obscuré semipellucidd, argenteo-iridescente.
THE VARIEGATED Limpert. Shell orbicularly ovate, sub-
acuminately convex, a little inclined anteriorly, ra-
diately granosely ridged, grains obtuse, very irregu-
lar; yellow, interruptedly rayed and blotched with
very dark purple, obscurely semitransparent within,
silvery iridescent.
Reve, Conch. Syst. vol. i. pl. 136. f. 1.
Hab. Australia.
A rather acuminately raised shell, roughly bluntly gra-
nuled, marked with numerous spots and broken blotched
rays of very dark purple.
Species 37. (Mus. Cuming.)
Patetta Cuminert. Pat. testé orbiculari-ovatd, subde-
presso-convexa, anticée leviter attenuatd et inclinaté,
liris tenuibus confertim radiata, in juniore striis con-
centricis eleganter decussata ; lutescente aut virescente-
alba, intensé viridi densé tessellatim tinctd, intus ceru-
lescente-alba, margine lato maculato.
Cumine’s Limpert. Shell orbicularly ovate, rather de-
pressly convex, slightly attenuated and inclined ante-
riorly, closely rayed with fine ridges, in the young
shell elegantly cancellated with concentric strie ;
yellowish or greenish-white, densely tessellately mot-
tled with dark green, interior bluish-white, with a
broad mottled border.
Hab. Valparaiso; Cuming.
A very dark green and yellowish-white mottled shell,
rather depressly convex, characterized internally with a
conspicuous broad mottled border. It is closely allied to
the P. diaphana, Nuttall, from Mazatlan.
Species 38. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA CLYPEATER. Pat. testé depresso-orbiculari,
tenuiculd, dense radiatim liratd, liris irreqgularibus,
obsolete tuberculato-undatis, ferrugineo-fusco pulcher-
rime tinctd et maculatd, intus argenteo-iridescente,
medio vivide purpureo-ferrugined.
THE SHIELD Limpert. Shell depressly orbicular, rather
thin, densely radiately ridged, ridges regular, obso-
letely tubercularly waved, very beautifully stained and
mottled with rust-brown, interior silvery iridescent,
bright purple-rust in the middle.
Lesson, Zool. Voy. de la Coquille, p. 419.
Hab. Monterey, Lower California; Hartweg.
A rather thin subdepressed species, profusely stained
and dotted with copper-rust-brown, the interior being
brilhantly silvery iridescent.
December, 1854.
a
ne
Ala
PATELLA.
Prate XVII.
Species 39. (Fig. a, 4, c, Mus. Cuming.)
PavELLA ROTA. Pat. testd depresso-ovatd, antice subat-
tenuatd, radiatim rugoso-striaté vel liraté, liris in
testa juniore oblongo-granotis, deinde obsoletis ; lutes-
cente-alba vel plumbed, purpureo-fusco remote radiaté,
imtus argenteo-corned, medio interdum aurantio-rufa.
THE WHEEL Limpert. Shell depressly ovate, anteriorly
subattenuated, radiately roughly striated or ridged,
ridges in the young shell oblong-grained, then obso-
lete ; yellowish-white or lead-colour, distantly rayed
with purple-brown, interior silvery horny, sometimes
orange-red in the middle.
CuEmnitz, Conch. Cab. vol. x. p. 380. pl. 168. f. 1619.
Hab. Suez, Mozambique.
Extremely variable in distinctness of character, the rays
in most specimens being almost obsolete.
Species 40. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA FERRUGINEA. Pat. testé oblongo-ovatd, anticé
subattenuata et multo inelinatd, profunde elevato-con-
vert, interdum subcompressd, obsolete undato-liratd,
liris subdistantibus, lineis concentricis dense circum-
data ; ferrugineo-cinered, intus intense erugineo-fusca.
THE FERRUGINOUS LimpET. Shell oblong-ovate, a little
attenuated and much inclined in front, deeply ele-
vately convex, sometimes a little compressed, obso-
letely wave-ridged, ridges rather distant, densely en-
circled with concentric lines; ferruginous ash, deep
bronze-brown within.
Sowrrsy (Mus. Cuming).
Patella Delessertii, Philippi.
Hab. ?
A subeompressed deeply raised shell, obscurely ash-
stained without, and of a rich dark bronze-brown within.
Species 41. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA ATRAMENTOSA. Pat. testd ovatd, utrinque sub-
attenuata, elevatd, crassiusculd, rudé obtuso-costaté,
costis irregularibus, obsolete tuberculatis ; albida, atro
late profuse fluente, tus argenteo-luted, erugineo-fusco
tinetd, margine dentato, nigro-maculato.
Tue INKY Limpert. Shell ovate, rather attenuated at
both ends, raised, rather thick, rudely bluntly ribbed,
ribs irregular, obsoletely tubercled ; whitish, broadly
profusely flowing with jet-black, interior silvery yel-
low, stained with bronze-brown, margin denticulated,
black-spotted.
Hab. Cape Horn.
A raised attenuately ovate species, with a characteristic
painting of broad flowing ink-streaks, white appearing in
the interstices at irregular distances.
December, 1854.
Fatedla PL XVIIL.
a
ent
hth
PATELLA.
Prate XVIII.
Species 42. (Fig. a, 0, c, Mus. Cuming.)
PaTELLA VULGATA. Pat. testd ovatd, subprofunde convexd,
apice subcentrali, radiatim striata vel costatd, costis
interdum sguamato-spinosis s cimered vel lutescente-
olivaced, obscuré radiata, spinis albidis, intus livido-
olivaced.
THe common Limret. Shell ovate, rather deeply convex,
apex nearly central, radiately striated or ribbed, ribs
sometimes squamately spined; greyish or yellow-
olive, obscurely rayed, spines white, interior livid-
olive.
Linn 2vs, Syst. Nat. (12th edit.) p. 1258.
Patella depressa, Pennant.
Patella vulgaris, Da Costa.
Hab. Atlantic shores of Europe.
This well-known species is curiously varied in sculpture,
but not differing materially in colour. Sometimes it is
smooth or gently striated, and sometimes ribbed and mi-
nutely scale-spined.
Species 43. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA NIGRO-LINEATA.
antice subattenuaté et multd inclinatd, tenuiculd, de-
Pat. testé suboblongo-ovaté,
pressiusculd, radiatim lirata, liris obtusis, subdistanti-
bus, alternis medio terminalibus ; cinereo-nigricante,
ad apicem pallescente, liris intense nigris, intus nigres-
cente-ceruled, nucleo ustulato-fuscescente.
THE BLACK-LINED Limper. Shell rather oblong-ovate,
slightly attenuated and much inclined anteriorly,
thinnish, rather depressed, radiately ridged, ridges
obtuse, rather distant, the alternate ones terminating
about the middle; cinder-black, pale at the apex,
ridges deep black, interior blackish-blue, nucleus
burnt-brown.
Hab. Island of Camiguing, Philippines; Cuming.
A rather thin cinder-black shell, conspicuously rayed
with blunt scarcely rayed black ridges, bluish in the inte-
rior, with a characteristic light burnt-brown nucleus.
Species 44. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA ENNEAGONA. Pat. testd ovatd, antice subat-
tenuaté et inclinaté, depressd, crassiusculd, apice ob-
tusd, dense crenulato-liraté, peculiariter enneagond,
areis tribus anticis angustis ; lutescente, areis nonis
intense purpureo diagonaliter reticulato-strigatis, in-
tus argenteo-iridescente.
THE NINE-SIDED Limper. Shell ovate, a little attenu-
ated in front, depressed, rather thick, obtuse at the
apex, subattenuated and inclined, densely crenulately
ridged, peculiarly nine-sided, the three front areas
narrow ; yellowish, the nine areas diagonally reticu-
lately streaked with deep purple, interior silvery in-
descent.
P)
Hab.
This very characteristic species is divided on the surface
into nine distinct areas, of which the three front are smaller
than the rest; and the diagonal net-striped painting ap-
pears in the areas only.
December, 1854.
Falclla FUXIX
PATELLA.
PLATE XIX.
Species 45. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA PICA.
cochleariformi, depressd, medio elevaté, radiatim rude
Pat. testé ovatd, anticé acuminata, sub-
liraté et costatd, muricato-squamatd, squamis etate
plus minus obsoletis ; fulvescente-alba, nigro varie pi-
catd, intus albicante, flavido-fusco tinctd, margine den-
ticulato, picato.
Tue pirp Limeer. Shell ovate, acuminated in front,
somewhat spoon-shaped, depressed, raised in the mid-
dle, radiately rudely ridged and ribbed, prickly scaled,
scales more or less obsolete with age; fulvous-white,
variously pied with black, interior white, tinged with
yellowish-brown, margin denticulated, pied.
Hab. South Seas.
A characteristic spoon-shaped shell, rudely prickly ridged
and ribbed, yellowish-white, promiscuously blotched with
positive black.
Fig. 46. (Mus. Cuming.)
This shell is the young of P. plumbea, represented at
Plate I., which it is important to figure, as showing the
sharper and more crenated structure of the ridges.
Species 47. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA EXARATA.
apice anticé leviter inclinatd, radiatim liratd, liris
distinctis, subremotis, irregularibus, rotundatis, tenue
confertim crenatis; pallidé fulva, subpellucidd, liris
Pat. testaé rotundato-ovatd, elevata,
ceruleo-nigricantibus, opacis, intus argenteo-iridescente,
medio cerulescente-lacted.
THE PLOUGHED Limpnr. Shell rotundately ovate, raised,
slightly anteriorly inclined at the apex, radiately
ridged, ridges distinct, rather distant, irregular,
rounded, finely closely crenated; pale fulvous, sub-
pellucid, ridges blue-black, opake, interior silvery iri-
descent, milky-blue towards the middle.
Nurrat, Jay’s Catalogue of Shells, p. 38.
Hab. Oregon, California; Lieutenant Baskerville.
A light silvery shell, rayed with conspicuously defined,
blue-black, closely crenated, rounded ridges.
December, 1854.
C
Patdla, Pd
Sb
50a
y del et
PATELLA.
PuatE XX.
Species 48. (Hig. a, 6, c, Mus. Cuming.)
PaTELLA PENTAGONA. Pat. testd ovatd vel pentagond,
valde irregulari, nunc depress, nunc elevatd, costis
octo vel novem radiata, costis varie tuberculatis et
squamatis, interstitiis rugoso-clathratis ; alba, nigro
plus minus picaté, medio aurantio tincté.
THE FIVE-SIDED Limpert.
very irregular, sometimes depressed, sometimes raised,
rayed with eight or nine ribs, ribs variously tuber-
cled and scaled, interstices wrinkle-latticed ; white,
more or less pied with black, orange-stained in the
middle.
Born, Mus. Test. Vindobonensis.
Patella stelleformis, Reeve (in Conch. Syst.).
Hab. Blizabeth Island, South Seas, and Philippine Islands.
Remarkable for its irregular growth, and white, tuber-
cled, rudely wrinkled, sculptured, more or less pied in the
interstices with black.
Species 49. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA SCUTELLARIS. Pat. testd subhexagono-ovatd,
antice paululum attenuaté, depressd, tenuiculd, radia-
Shell ovate or five-angled, |
tim costatd, costis distantibus, subobsoletis, interstitiis
densé tenuiliratis et striatis, minuté crenulatis ; oliva-
ceo-ceruled, costis versus apicem pallidioribus, intus
pellucido-grisea.
Tue piso Limpert. Shell somewhat hexagonally ovate,
a little attenuated in front, depressed, rather thin,
radiately ribbed, ribs distant, rather obsolete, inter-
stices densely finely ridged and striated, minutely
crenulated ; olive-blue, ribs paler towards the apex,
interior transparent grey.
Lamarck, Anim. sans vert. (Deshayes edit.) vol. vii. p. 532.
Hab. Bay of Naples.
A transparent olive-grey is the prevailing colour of this
species, but it is variable.
Fig. 50. (Mus. Cuming.)
This shell proves to be P. redimiculum, represented at
Plate XII. in an earher stage of growth, when the interior
is less coated with opake lining, and has a more transpa-
It has been attributed to
P. radians, Gmelin, but like many other species of this
author, it rests on doubtful evidence.
rent tortoise-shell appearance.
December, 1854.
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Patella, Pl. XAT.
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PA THLE A.
Puate XXI.
Species 51. (Fig. a, 6, c, Mus. Cuming.)
PatTetta Bonnarpi. Pat. testé ovatd, subacute convexa,
apice subanticd, costis lirisque acute conpressis dense
radiata, squamis concentricis decussaté ; alba, nigro
vel fusco radiata, intus subpellucido-alba.
Bonnarp’s Limpert. Shell ovate, rather sharply con-
vex, subanterior at the apex, profusely rayed with
sharply compressed ribs and ridges, decussated with
concentric scales ; white, rayed with black or brown,
interior subtransparent white.
PayRAUDEAU, Cat. Moll. de Corse, p. 89. pl. 3. f. 9-11.
Hab. Mediterranean.
A sharply convex shell, rayed with numerous compressed
squamate ribs and ridges; white rayed with black or rust-
brown.
Species 52. (Mus. Cuming.)
PareLtta CurronoipeEs. Pat. testd ovata, antice acumi-
natd, valde depressd, crassiusculd, irregulariter radia-
tim costatd, costis acutis, rudibus, plus minus obsolete
squamato-tuberculatis ; intense purpureo-nigra, hie illic
albo-erosd, intus lacted, margine acute denticulato, pur-
pureo-nig7o.
Tur Curron-Like Limpert.
front, very depressed, rather thick, iregularly radi-
ately ribbed, ribs sharp, rude, more or less obsoletely
Shell ovate, acuminated in |
squamately tubercled; deep purple-black, here and
there white-eroded, interior milk-white, margin sharply
denticulated, purple-black.
Fab. P
A very depressed rudely constructed species, strongly
rayed with rough irregular bluntly scaled ribs, deep purple-
black except where promiscuously white-eroded.
Species 53. (Mus. Cuming.)
PaTELLa cretacna. Lat. testd ovaté, subdepressd, ra-
diatim densé costatd, costis parviusculis, compressis
aut tumidiusculis, obsolete squamatis, valdé irregula-
ribus ; cretaceo-albd, purpureo-nigro hic illic sparsim
maculata, intus albd, margine denticulato, purpureo-
nigro tenue limbato.
Tae cHaLK Limpgr. Shell ovate, rather depressed, ra-
diately densely ribbed, ribs rather small, compressed
or swollen, obsoletely squamate, very irregular ; chalk-
white, here and there sparingly blotched with purple-
black, interior white, margin denticulated, thinly
edged with purple-black.
Hab. Tahiti.
Allied to the preceding species, though of a perfectly
distinct character, more truly ovate, with the ribs more
numerous and irregular, and less stained with purple-
black.
December, 1854.
Patella, PLAN.
hb OF e
bab
erby del et lith 4 Vincent Brooks Imp
PATELLA.
PuatEe XXII.
Species 54. (Fig. a, 0, c, Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA FUNEBRIS. Pat. testé ovaté, anticé subattenu-
até, elevato-convead, levigaté, costis tuberculatis ra-
diatd, tuberculis tumidis, interdum subdistantibus ;
sordideé nigra, ad apicem ferrugineo-alba, intus opaco-
alba, interdum ferrugineo tincta.
THE MOURNING LimpeEr. Shell ovate, slightly attenu-
ated in front, elevately convex, smooth, rayed with
tubercled ribs, tubercles swollen, sometimes rather
distant ; dull black, rusty-white at the apex, interior
opake white, sometimes rust-tinged.
9
Hab.
A very characteristic dull black species, smooth, but
rayed with tubercularly noduled rather distant ribs.
Species 55. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA ELECTRINA. Pat. testé orbiculari, anticé atte-
nuata, subdepressd, apice acutd, radiatim dense liratd,
liris rudibus, irregularibus, obtuse squamatis ; pallide
fulva, circa apicem et inter liras ferrugined, intus
pellucido-albi.
Tur amBer Lruper. Shell orbicular, attenuated in
front, rather depressed, sharp at the apex, radiately
densely ridged, ridges rough, irregular, bluntly squa-
mate; light fulvous, rusty about the apex and be-
tween the ridges, interior transparent white.
Hab. Australia.
Of a subtransparent texture, stained with amber rust
about the apex and between the ridges, the colour show-
ing conspicuously through in the interior.
Species 56. (Mus. Cuming.)
PaTELLA PETALATA. Pat. testd ovatd, subdepressa, obso-
leté cancellato-lirata ; pellucido-flavicante, radiis latis
nigricante-purpureis pictd, intus pellucido-corned, nu-
cleo castaneo-purpureo.
Tur PETALED Limpert. Shell ovate, rather depressed,
obsoletely cancellately ridged; transparent yellow,
painted with broad blackish-purple rays, interior
transparent horny, nucleus chestnut-purple.
Hab. Australia.
A semi-transparent yellow horny shell, conspicuously
painted with broad, rich, blackish-purple rays, which are
| sometimes a little broken up.
December, 1854.
Patella, Pl_JMHM.
JSb
PATELLA.
Puate XXIII.
Species 57. (Fig. a, 0, c, Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA NIGRO-PUNCTATA. Pat. testé ovata, elevato-
converd, ad apicem submucronatd, radiatim rugoso-
liratd ; sordidé cinered, pallidé carneo tincta, obscure
latiradiatd, liris punetis nigris oblongis yemmatis, in-
tus fulvo-cinered, interdum conspicue olivaceo radiata.
THE BLACK-DoTTED Limpert. Shell ovate, elevately con-
vex, rather pointed at the apex, radiately rugosely
ridged; dull ash-colour, pale flesh-tinted, obscurely
broadly rayed, ridges beaded with oblong black dots,
interior fulvous-ash, sometimes conspicuously olive-
rayed.
Hab. Cascaes Bay, Portugal.
A raised subacuminately convex species, rayed in a very
characteristic manner with oblong black bead-like dots.
Species 58. (Mus. Cuming.)
PaTELLA sTRIATA. Pat. ovato-orbiculari, peculiariter
compresso-depressd, apice minuto, antice inclinato,
liris tenuibus funiculatis subirregulariter dense radi-
até; nigra, maculis parvis albis interdum indistincte
radiatd, intus cerulescente-albd, medio fuscescente
tinctd, margine nigro late limbato.
Tue stRiateD Lipset. Shell ovately orbicular, pecu-
liarly compressly depressed, with the apex minute,
inclined anteriorly, somewhat irregularly densely
rayed with thin cord-like ridges; black, sometimes
faintly rayed with distant small white spots, interior
bluish-white, stained with brown in the middle, mar-
gin broadly edged with black.
Patelloida striata, Quoy, Voy. de V Astrolabe, vol. iii. p.
353. pl. 71. f. 8-11.
Hab. Philippine Islands ; Cuming.
Of a peculiar convexly depressed form, with a very
small apex, rayed with numerous fine corded ridges,
black, obscurely rayed with white spots, unusually broadly
black-bordered on within.
Species 59. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA UNDATO-LIRATA. Pat. testa ovaté, subacute
converd, versus apicem antice subinclinatd, profuse
liratd, livis tenué crenulatis et peculiariter undulatis,
cerulescente-plumbed, intus eodem colore, subiridescente.
THE WAVE-RIDGED Limpert. Shell ovate, rather sharply
convex, a little inclined anteriorly towards the apex,
profusely ridged, ridges finely crenulated and pecu-
liarly waved, bluish lead-colour, interior the same co-
lour, rather iridescent.
Hab. Sandwich Islands; Dr. Newcombe.
In form this species is sharply convex, inclined ante-
riorly towards the apex, from which point it is rayed with
numerous thinly waved ridges. In colour it is within and
without of a bluish-lead.
December, 1854.
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Patedla, Pt NNO
Vincent Brooks my
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PATELLA.
Pirate XXIV.
Species 60. (Mus, Cuming.)
ParELLA crInts. Pat. testé ovatd, antic subattenuata,
subacute elevato-converd, striis costisque latis retusis
radiata, costis interdum fere obsoletis ; cinereo-nigra,
strigis albidis undatis nebulatis ornatd, intus nitente-
alba, nucleo intense castaneo, parvo.
Tur cINDER Limpert. Shell ovate, a little attenuated
in front, rather sharply elevately convex, rayed with
striae and broad retuse ribs, ribs sometimes almost
obsolete ; cinder-black, marked with clouded waved
white streaks, interior shining white, nucleus deep
chestnut, small.
Hab. Monterey, Lower California; Hartwee.
The colouring of this species is a streaked pattern of
faint bluish-white waves upon a dark cinder-black ground.
Species 61. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA DIAPHANA. Pat. testd ovatd, antice subat-
tenuatd, depressd, profuse tenuiliratd, liris plus minus
indistincte granulatis ; olivaceo-viridi, lutescente-albo
peculiariter radiata et variegatd, intus diaphano-vires-
cente, ad marginem late marmorata.
THE piapnanous Limpert. Shell ovate, slightly at-
tenuated in front, depressed, profuscly finely ridged,
ridges more or less indistinctly granuled ; olive-green,
peculiarly rayed and variegated with yellowish-white,
interior diaphanous green, broadly mottled at the
margin.
Nutra, Jay’s Catalogue of Shells, p. 38.
Hab. Upper California; Nuttall. Central America; Cu-
ming, Hinds, Kellett.
Distinguished by a peculiar diaphanous green colouring,
more or less densely variegated and mottled exteriorly with
yellowish-white.
Fig. 62. (Mus. Cuming.)
A variety of P. ewarata, described at Plate XIX., more
distinctly ridged.
December, 1854.
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Patella, PU. XX.
63a
G4a
65b
PATELLA.
PuatEe XXV.
Species 63. (Fig. a, 6, c, Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA VARIABILIS. Pat. testé ovatd, depressissimd, irre-
gulari, ectus rude liraté et plus minus erosd, interdum
virescente, punctis nigris undatis radiatd ; intus ceru-
lescente, medio castaneo-tinctd, peculiariter varie li-
neatd et lentiginosd, margine late planulato, interrupte
lineato.
THE VARIABLE Limpert. Shell ovate, very depressed,
irregular, externally rudely ridged, and more or less
eroded, sometimes greenish, rayed with waved black
dots; interior bluish, sometimes stained with chest-
nut in the middle, peculiarly variously lineated and
speckled, margin broadly flattened, interruptedly li-
neated.
Sowersy, Zool. Beechey’s Voyage, p. 147. pl. 39. f. 5
(not f. 3 or f. 4).
Hab. Valparaiso; Cuming.
This species is very depressed and irregular, peculiarly
marked in the interior with dark promiscuous lines, or
chestnut curiously speckled with yellow.
Species 64. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA MORBIDA. Pat. testé ovatd, rudé depressi, medio
rotundato-elevatd, radiatim fimbriato-costatd, plus mi-
nus erosd, liris obsolete brevispinosis ; intus luteo-albd,
nigro plus minus irregulariter inquinatd, extus ferru-
gineo-erosa.
THE DISEASED Limpert. Shell ovate, rudely depressed,
rotundately raised in the middle, radiately fimbri-
ately ridged, more or less eroded, ridges obsoletely
short-spined ; interior yellowish-white, more or less
irregularly stained with black, exteriorly rust-eroded.
Hab. Cape of Good Hope.
Of a characteristic depressly furbelowed growth round
the margin, the radiating ridges armed here and there
with short sharp black and white spines. xteriorly the
shell is roughly rust-eroded, interiorly it has a peculiarly
diseased look.
Species 65. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA ZEBRINA. Pat. testd ovata, anticée subattenuatd,
apice acuté elevato et antice inclinato, radiatim costata,
costis obtusis, distantibus, subindistinctis, striis rugosis
concentricis dense decussatis ; virescente-luted, maculis
nigris acute angulatis ornatd, intus virescente-alba,
: margine maculata.
THE ZEBRA-MARKED Limpert. Shell ovate, slightly at-
tenuated in front, apex sharply raised and inclined
anteriorly, radiately ribbed, ribs obtuse, distant,
rather indistinct, densely decussated with close-set
rough strie; greenish-yellow, ornamented with
sharply angled black spots, interior greenish-white,
spotted at the margin.
Lesson, Zool. Voy. de la Coquille, p. 417.
Lottia zebrina, Gray.
Patella variabilis pars, Sowerby.
Hab. Valparaiso.
This and P. variabilis are supposed to be the same
species in different states; they are, however, most distinct
in form, and detail of sculpture.
January, 1855.
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Patella, PENXVT.
PATELLA.
PLaTeE XXVI.
Species 66. (Hig. a, 6, c, Mus. Cuming.)
Patetta ArAtcana. Pat. testd ovatd, nune depressé,
nune elevatiusculd et anticé acute inclinatd, radiatim
costatd, costis rudibus, subtubulosis ; lutescente-albd,
costarum interstitiis intensé viridi reticulatis, intus
livido-albd, medio nigro-castaned, margine virescente,
subfimbriato.
THe ARavcANIAN Limpnr. Shell ovate, sometimes de-
pressed, sometimes a little raised and sharply in-
clined anteriorly, radiately ribbed, ribs rude, subtu-
bulous ; yellowish-white, interstices between the ribs
reticulated with dark green, interior livid white,
dark chestnut in the middle, margin greenish, slightly
furbelowed.
D’Orsieny, Voy. dans l’Amérique Méridionale, p. 482.
pl. 65. f. 4 to 6.
Hab. Valparaiso.
It may be doubted whether this is not also a variety of
Mr. Sowerby’s extremely variable P. variadilis, represented
in the preceding plate.
Species 67. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA VESPERTINA. Pat. testd ovata, rotundato-con-
vewd, subdepressa, dense irregulariter liraté et sulcatd,
liris levibus vel obsolete nodosis, apice plano-obtuso ;
virescente, radiis lineisque viridibus nitidé pict, intus
cerulescente-albd, medio lutescente-fusco tinctd, mar-
gine subangusto.
THE EVENING-RAYED Limpert. Shell ovate, rotundately
convex, rather depressed, densely irregularly ridged
and grooved, ridges smooth or obsoletely nodose,
apex flatly obtuse; greenish, neatly painted with
green rays and lines, interior bluish-white, tinged
with yellowish-brown in the middle, margin rather
narrow.
Hab. Panama and Gulf of California.
A rather depressed rotundately convex species, of a sea-
green hue, neatly painted with green rays and lines.
Fig. 68. (Mus. Cuming.)
This shell proves to be an acuminately spoon-shaped
form of P. pica, represented at Plate XIX. Fig. 45.
January, 1855.
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Patella, PUXXVL
700
PATELLA,
Piate XXVII.
Species 69. (Fig. a, 4, c, Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA TOREUMA. Pat. testa oblongo-ovatd, anticé sub-
attenuata, depressissima, apice valdé antico, dense ra-
diatim liratd, liris alternatim majoribus, subcrenatis ;
virescente aut luted, purpureo et opaco-albo radiatim
variegata et punctatd, intus plus minus iridescente-
alba, subpellucidd.
THE cuaseD Limeer. Shell oblong-ovate, slightly at-
tenuated in front, very depressed, apex very anterior,
densely radiately ridged, ridges alternately larger,
suberenated ; greenish or yellowish, radiately varie-
gated and dotted with purple and opake-white, in-
terior more or less iridescent-white, subtransparent.
Hab. Monterey, California; Hartweg.
A beautifully painted and neatly sculptured shell, of
attenuated oblong form, very depressed, with the apex
inclined very anteriorly.
Species 70. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA TESTUDINALIS. Pat. testd ovaté, suboblongd,
acute elevatd, lateraliter subcompressd, undique tenuis-
simeé cancellato-striatd ; virescente-albé vel luted, cas-
taneo et nigro reticulato-maculatd, intus cerulescente-
albé, margine latimaculatd, medio castaneo-tinctd.
THE LITTLE TORTOISE-SHELL Limpert. Shell ovate,
rather oblong, sharply raised, laterally slightly com-
pressed, everywhere finely cancellately striated; |
greenish-white or yellow, reticulately mottled with
chestnut and black, interior bluish-white, broadly |
mottled at the margin, chestnut-stained in the
middle.
Mutter, Prodromus Zool. Dan. p. 237.
Patella tessellata, Miller.
Patella testudinaria Grenlandica, Chemnitz.
Patella Clealandi, Sowerby.
| Earu’s Limpert.
Patella amena, Say.
Patella clypeus, Brown.
Lottia testudinalis, Forbes.
Patelloides testudinalia, Lea.
Acmea testudinalis, Hanley.
Patelloidea amena, Couthony.
Lottia Antillarum, Sowerby.
Hab. Northern Seas.
This little tortoise-shell painted species prevails through-
out the northern European and American Seas, usually
much smaller, however, than the specimen here figured,
which is from Hast Port Maine, United States. It is
found plentifully in Greenland, and was dredged abun-
dantly in Wellington Channel by Captain Sir E. Belcher,
during the recent Arctic searching expedition of the As-
sistance and Resolute.
Species 71. (Mus. Cuming.)
Patetta Haru. Pat. testa rotundato-ovatd, antice sub-
attenuatd, convexo-elevatd, apice anticé inclinato, ra-
diatim liratd, liris parvis, perpaucis, distantibus, in-
terstitus irregulariter elevato-striatis ; virescente, oli-
vaceo-nigricante late undato-variegata, intus pellucido-
iridescente, medio lacted.
Shell rotundately ovate, slightly at-
tenuated in front, convexly raised, apex inclined an-
teriorly, radiately ridged, ridges small, very few and
distant, with the interstices irregularly elevately stri-
ated; pale green, broadly wave-variegated with olive-
black, interior transparently iridescent, milk-white
in the middle.
Hab. New Zealand; Earl.
This is of the same local typical form as P. redimiculum,
but peculiar in its high rounded growth and broad waved
painting.
January, 1855.
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726
PATELLA.
Prate XXVIII.
Species 72. (Fig. a, 6, c, Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA SACCHARINA. Pat. testd ovatd, acute angulato-
convexd, crassiusculd, radiatim costatd, costis fortibus,
compressis, variis, plerumque septem majoribus, inter-
stitiis radiatim liratis ; albd, inter costas maculis cur-
vis nigris plus minus dense tinctd, intus alba, nigro-
marginata.
Tae saccHarine Limpert. Shell ovate, sharply angu-
larly convex, rather thick, radiately ribbed, ribs
strong, compressed, various, generally seven principal
ones, interstices radiately ridged ; white, more or less
thickly painted between the ribs, with curved black
blotches, interior white, black-edged.
Linna&us, Syst. Nat. (12th edit.) p. 1258.
Astrolepas saccharina, Argenville.
Astrolepas tigerina, Martini.
Hab. Philippine Islands; Cuming.
A solid strongly ribbed white shell, painted more or
less densely with very characteristic crescent-shaped black
blotches in the interstices.
Species 73. (Mus. Cuming.)
PareLtua Funerensts. Pat. testa ovali, tenuiculd, semi-
pellucida, subcompresso-elevatd, apice rotundato, anticé
inclinato, radiatim liratd, liris tenuibus, numerosis,
striis concentricis dense decussatis ; virescente, cas-
taneo-fuscescente plus minus tincté et maculata, apice
eneo, intus iridescente-ened, radiatim sulcatd, sulcis
interdum partum obsoletis.
Tue Furco Limpert. Shell oval, rather thin, semitrans-
parent, rather compressly raised, apex rounded, in-
clined anteriorly, radiately ridged, ridges thin, nu-
merous, densely crossed with concentric strie ; green-
ish, more or less stained and blotched with chestnut-
brown, apex bronze, interior iridescent-bronze, radi-
ately grooved, grooves sometimes partially obsolete.
Hab. Tierra del Fuego. Falkland Islands.
A delicate subpellucid bronzed species, elegantly many-
ridged, of a pale greenish texture, partially, and sometimes
almost entirely, stained and blotched with reddish-chestnut.
Species 74. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA MARGARITARIA. Pat. testd rotundato-ovatd,
subattenuatd, subacute erected elevatd, antice inclinata,
apice obtusa, radiatim costatd et liratd, costis rudibus,
tumidiusculis, nodosis, interstitiis muricatis ; costis
sordidé albidis, interstitiis purpureo-nigris, muricibus
opaco-albis, intus corned, vivide purpureo-radiata.
Tur peart-set Liwpnr. Shell rotundately ovate, im-
teriorly a little attenuated, rather sharply erectly
raised, inclined anteriorly, obtuse at the apex, radi-
ately ridged and ribbed, ribs rude, rather swollen,
nodose, interstices prickly; ribs dull white, inter-
stices purple-black, prickles opake-white, interior
horny, richly purple-rayed.
Cuemnrrz, Conch. Cab. vol. xi. p. 180, pl. 197. f. 1914,
1915.
Patella ornata, Dillwyn.
Hab. New Zealand; Chemnitz.
A very distinct species, rayed with light rude nodose
ribs, the interstices being dark purple-black, set with cha-
racteristic opake-white prickles.
January, 1855.
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ae | ; ' id i ® { teks a LinwWhA wed i PT hs aay ye 1
6 - ; , \ zi a if, AM i ip “a, P Nai i? % - |
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eon Wii we mage wy ey ate Bra &. yobmuly cde end) et) valbeg Act TIVE avy Pag Mile) Sao
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7
.
. Patella , Pl XXX.
iva
PATELLA.
Pate XXIX.
Species 75. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA Livescens. Pat. testd ovatd, tenuiculd, de-
presso-convexd, apice subacute mucronata, radiatim
densé granulato-striatd, striis subundulatis, apice sub-
antico ; pellucido-livescente, nigriconte-purpureo ra-
diatd, radiis interdum obliqué maculatis, intus irides-
cente-argented, plus minus pellucida.
THE BLUE-TINGED Limpert. Shell ovate, rather thin,
depressly convex, rather sharply pointed at the apex,
radiately densely granulately striated, striz slightly
waved, apex rather anterior; pellucid blue-green,
rayed with blackish-purple, rays sometimes broken
up into opake blotches, interior iridescent-silvery,
more or less transparent.
Hab. Mazatlan, Gulf of California.
A very delicate subpellucid greenish-blue shell, painted
with dark purple rays, which show through into the in-
terior. The sculpture consists of numerous slightly waved
granuled lines.
Species 76. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA sprctruM. Pat. testd ovatd, subdepressd, antice
subacuté acuminatd, etate crassissimad, radiatim cos-
tatd, costis crassis, rudibus, compressé squamatis, in-
terstitiis rugoso-striatis ; ferrugineo-albd, squamis in
testa juniore nigris, intus alba.
Tue spectre Limpert. Shell ovate, rather depressed,
anteriorly rather sharply acuminated, very thick with
age, radiately ribbed, ribs thick, rude, compressly
scaled, interstices roughly striated ; rust-white, scales
in the young shell black, interior white.
Nourratt, Jay’s Catalogue of Shells, p. 39.
Hab. Upper California.
A very characteristic rough-ribbed shell, the ribs being
armed with scales, which, in the young shell, are strikingly
cinder-black.
Species 77. (Mus, Cuming.)
PATELLA INRADIATA. Pat. testd ovata, elevato-convexd,
lateraliter subcompressd, undique subobsoleté radiato-
clathrata ; albidd, lineis perpaucis rufis obscuré bi-
fariam radiata, lineis irregularibus, distortis, intus
alba, lineis rufis distinctis, medio castanea. i
THE IN-RAYED LimpeT. Shell ovate, elevately convex,
somewhat compressed at the sides, everywhere rather
obsoletely radiately latticed ; whitish, obscurely rayed
with a very few red lines in pairs, lines irregular,
distorted, interior white, red lines distinct, chestnut
in the middle.
Hab. ?
A deep cup-like opake-white shell, obscurely latticed
throughout, irregularly rayed with a few straggling red
lines, which are most distinctly seen in the interior.
Species 78. (Mus. Cuming.)
Paretta piscors. Pat. testd subquadrato-ovatd, de-
pressa, fortiter elevato-lineatd, circa apicem tubercu-
lato-corrugatd ; albidd, lineis intense ceruleo-nigris,
intus albd, margine nigro-lineato, latiusculo, testa ju-
niore extus virescente tinctd.
THE DIFFERING Limpert. Shell subquadrately ovate,
depressed, strongly elevately lined, round the apex
tubercularly crumpled; whitish, lines strongly blue-
black, interior white, border black-lineated, rather
broad, young shell green-tinged without.
Puriierr, Abbild. und Besch. Conch. pl. 2. f. 6.
Hab. Mazatlan, Gulf of California; Lieut. Shipley.
A depressly convex shell, whitish and peculiarly crum-
pled round the apex, then densely sculptured with raised
blue-black lines.
Species 79. (Mus. Cuming.)
PavTetta opna. Pat. testé ovatd, anticée attenuata, sub-
depressd, radiatim tenuiliratd, liris granulatis, versus
apicem obsoletis ; albidd, interstitiis versus marginem
nigro-fuscis, obscure sex-radiatd, intus albd, margine
latiusculo, nitidé lineato.
Tuer EYEBROW Limpet. Shell ovate, attenuated in front,
rather depressed, radiately finely ridged, ridges gra-
nuled, obsolete towards the apex ; whitish, interstices
towards the margin black-brown, obscurely six-rayed.
interior white, margin rather broad, neatly lineated.
Nurttatt, Jay’s Catalogue of Shells, p. 38.
Hab. Sandwich Islands.
A rather depressed shell, finely granulately ridged, the
interstices being coloured towards the margin with rust-
black.
January, 1855.
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2 Sat en Sees a) iat ad = wage ys t
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Patella Pt, JAX.
806
Ae te Ee AS.
Puate XXX.
Species 80. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA ASTER.
subacuté depresso-conicd, antice inclinaté, radiatin
Pat. testé ovatd, anticé subattenuatd,
densé striata, striis elevatis, obtuse granulatis, subun-
dulatis; nigro-purpured, luteo-albo radiatd, radiis
acutis, perdistinctis, intus iridescente-corned, subpel-
lucida.
Tue star Limpert. Shell ovate, a little attenuated in
front, rather sharply depressly conical, inclined an-
teriorly, radiately densely striated, striae raised, ob-
tusely granuled, a little waved; blackish-purple,
rayed with yellowish-white, rays sharp, very distinct,
interior iridescent-horny, subtransparent.
Hab. ?
Chiefly characterized by the very decided outline of the
rays.
Species 81. (Mus. Cuming.)
Patetta Nurranyiana. Pat. testd ovatd, acuminato-
convex, apice subobtusd, rude striatd, striis hic illic
obsoletis ; lutescente-albd, strigis irregularibus ustulato-
nigris vivide radiatd, intus alba, margine nigro macu-
latd.
Nurraut’s Lirmprr. Shell ovate, acuminately convex,
rather obtuse at the apex, rudely striated, strize here
and there obsolete ; yellowish-white, rayed with vivid
burnt-black irregular streaks, interior white, margin
blotched with black.
Hab, Oregon.
An erect acuminately convex shell, rather compressed
at the sides, painted throughout with very striking zebra-
like burnt-black stripes.
Species 82. (Mus. Cuming.)
PaTELLA LANX.
ata, subplano-depressd, rudé anyulatd et striatd, an-
Pat. testa hexagono-ovatd, antice attenu-
gulis obtusis ; nigra, ad angulos albicante, intus ceru-
rulescente, medio nigricante-castaned, lineata, margine
nigra.
THe PLATTER Limpert. Shell hexagonally ovate, atte-
nuated in front, rather flatly depressed, rudely angled
and striated, angles obtuse; black, whitish at the
angles, interior bluish, blackish-chestnut in the mid-
dle, lineated, black at the margin.
Hab. Japan.
A depressed roughly angled shell, painted black, except
on the angles and in some of the interstices.
Species 83. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA aMussiITaTa. Pat. testd ovatd, antice subat-
tenuatd, convexo-depressd, apice subantico, dense stria-
td, striis obtuse elevatis, subscabrosis, paululum undu-
latis ; virescente vel olivaceo-luted, purpureo obscure
maculata et radiatd, et indistinctd albipunctaté, intus
iridescente-corned, subpellucidda.
Tur Mosaic Limpert. Shell ovate, a little attenuated
in front, convexly depressed, apex rather anterior,
densely striated, strize obtusely raised, subscabrous,
a little waved; greenish or olive-yellow, obscurely
spotted and rayed with purple, and indistinctly
white-dotted, interior iridescent-horny, subpellucid.
Hab. China and the Philippine Islands.
A depressly convex subhorny shell, densely scabrously
striated, olive-green or yellowish, freckled with purple and
white dots.
Species 84, (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA NIGRO-SULCATA. Pat. testd ovatd, solidiusculd,
radiatim sulcatd, sulcis angustis, subdistantibus ; rude
eretaced, albd, sulcis plus minus nigro-tinctis, intus
lutescente-albd, margine obscuré lineato.
THE BLACK-GROOVED Lrupzr. Shell ovate, rather solid,
radiately grooved, grooves narrow, rather distant ;
rough chalk-white, grooves more or less black, in-
terior yellowish-white, border faintly lineated.
Hab. P
A peculiar chalk-white species, linearly grooved through-
out, the grooves being narrow, rather impressed, and black-
stained.
January, 1855.
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Patella, PLANXT.
PATELLA.
Piate XXXII.
Species 85. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA DEpsTA. Pat. testé ovatd, tenui, subdepressd,
medio elevatd, ad latera subcompressd, apice acuto,
anticé minute uncinato, radiatim striatd, striis prope
marginem elevatis ; rufo-castaned, virescente-luteo in-
terdum obscuré radiaté, intus livido-corned.
THE TANNED Limpert. Shell ovate, thin, rather depressed,
raised in the middle, rather compressed at the sides,
apex sharp, anteriorly minutely hooked, radiately stri-
ated, strice raised towards the margin; reddish-chest-
nut, sometimes faintly rayed with greenish-yellow,
interior livid-horny.
Hab. Macao and Island of St. Paul.
A nearly smooth reddish-chestnut shell, with a sharp
minutely hooked apex.
Species 86, (Mus. Cuming.)
Patetta Luzonica. Pat. testé rotundato-ovatd, subde-
pressd, radiatim tenuiliratd, liris granulatis, apice
acuto, antico, minute uncinato ; pellucido-luted, sub-
corned, maculis grandibus nigris promiscue inquinatd,
intus pellucida, subiridescente, medio intensé castaned.
THe Luzon Limpert. Shell rotundately ovate, rather de-
pressed, radiately finely ridged, ridges granuled, apex
sharp, anterior, minutely hooked ; transparent-yellow,
rather horny, promiscuously stained with large black
blotches, interior transparent, subiridescent, dark
chestnut in the middle.
Hab. \sland of Luzon, Philippines; Cuming.
Of bright transparent-yellow substance, stained with
large promiscuous blotches of black, characteristic in pat-
tern and distribution.
Species 87. (Mus. Cuming.)
PaTELLA VERRICULATA, Pat. testd ovatd, convexd, inter-
dum subdepressd, apice subantico, obtuso, densé tenui-
striata, striis paululum undulatis ; lutescente aut vi-
rescente, fusco-nigro plus minus dense strigatd et re-
ticulatd, intus cerulescente-albd, margine lutiusculo,
nigro-maculato.
THE NETTED Lruper. Shell ovate, convex, sometimes
rather depressed, apex subanterior, obtuse, densely
finely striated, striae a little waved; yellowish or green-
ish, more or less thickly streaked and netted with
brown-black, interior bluish- white, border rather
broad, black-spotted.
Hab. California.
The characteristic painting of this species is a densely
woven brown-black network, which, except in the vicinity
of the apex, is more or less filled up, or broken into streaks.
Species 88. (Mus. Cuming.)
PaTELLA ustTuLaTA. Pat. testd subguadrato-ovatd, anticé
paululum attenuata, postice convexo-depressd, anticé
tumido-umbonatd, apice obtuso, radiatim elevato-striata,
striis prope marginem scabrosis ; ustulato-rufa, fasctis
angustis albis subdistantibus nitide radiatd, striis prope
marginem plus minus nigris, intus alba.
THE scorcHED Limpert. Shell somewhat squarely ovate,
a little attenuated in front, posteriorly convexly de-
pressed, anteriorly tumidly umbonated, apex obtuse,
radiately elevately striated, striee scabrous next the
margin; burnt-red, neatly rayed with rather distant
narrow white bands, striz more or less black next
the margin, interior white.
Hab. ?
Nothing is known of the locality of this very charac-
teristic species, fringed, as it were, with burnt-brown and
black colouring, interrupted with a regular series of dis-
tinct narrow white bands.
Species 89. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA SCALATA.
apice vix centrali, radiatim obtuse striatd, et hic illic
Pat. testé ovata, subacute convewd,
lineari-sulcatd ; livido-albicante, fasciis nigris pecu-
liariter bifurcatis aut diagonaliter lineari-strigatis ra-
diatd, intus subpellucido-corned.
THE LADDERED Limpert. Shell ovate, rather sharply
convex, apex scarcely central, radiately obtusely stri-
ated, and here and there linearly grooved ; livid-white,
rayed with black bands, peculiarly bi-forked, or dia-
gonally linearly streaked, interior subtransparent
horny.
Hab. Philippine Islands; Cuming.
Distinguished by a characteristic pattern of black dia-
gonally blotched and barred rays, upon a livid-white
ground.
January, 1855.
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PATELLA.
Puate XXXII.
Species 90. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA ACULEATA. Pat. testd suboblongo-ovatd, tumi-
do-conoided, apice antico, radiatim costatd, costis acute
albd, aurantio-ferru-
gineo tincta, intus albicante, aurantio tinctd.
Tue pRickLY Limpert. Shell somewhat oblong-ovate,
tumidly conoid, apex anterior, radiately ribbed, ribs
sharply compressed, prickly-scaled; white, tinged
with orange-rust, interior whitish, orange-tinged.
compressis, aculeato-squamatis ;
Hab.
A deeply convex shell, rayed throughout with very cha-
racteristic prickly-scaled narrowly compressed ribs.
Species 91. (Mus. Cuming.)
PaTELLA GuTTaTa. Pat. testé orbiculato-ovatd, subde-
pressa, apice antico, radiatim liratd, liris in nodulis
irregularibus disruptis; albidd, plus minus nigro-
tincta, nodulis intensé nigris, intus cerulescente, medio
rufescente.
THE DROp-MARKED Limpert. Shell orbicularly ovate,
rather depressed, apex anterior, radiately ridged,
ridges broken up into irregular nodules; whitish,
more or less stained with black, nodules intense
black, interior bluish, reddish in the middle.
D’OrsiGny, Moll. des Isles Canaries, vol. ii. p- 98. pl. 7.
£13; 15:
Hab. Teneritte, Canaries.
The radiating ridges of black nodules in this species,
constitute a very characteristic feature.
Species 92. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA DiIRA. Pat. testd ovatd, erecto-conoided, dens?
radiatim costata et liratd, costis lirisque in verruculis
creberrimeé disruptis ; intense ceruleo-atra, intus sub-
iridescente.
THE DisMAL Limpert. Shell ovate, erectly conoid, densely
radiately ridged and ribbed, ribs and ridges very
closely broken up into small warts ;
subiridescent in the interior.
dark blue-black,
Hab.
Although a similarity prevails between the figures of
this and the preceding species, they are very different; P.
dira being of deep erectly conical form, rayed throughout
with close-set ribs and ridges, crenated with small tumid
warts.
Species 93. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA ImBRIcATA. Pat. testé ovatd, tumido-convexd,
apice antico, obtuso, radiatim multicostatd, costis con-
Jertis, vie elevatis, undique dens? acute imbricatis ; in-
tense ceruleo-nigra, intus plumbeo-ceruled, medio au-
rantio-ferrugined.
Tar T1Lep Limpert. Shell ovate, tumidly convex, apex
anterior, obtuse, radiately many-ridged, ribs close-set,
scarcely raised, everywhere densely sharply imbri-
cated; dark blue-black, interior lead-blue, orange-
rust in the middle.
Hab. New Zealand.
Of very regular tumidly convex growth, beautifully
densely imbricated throughout.
Species 94. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA SQUAMIFERA. Pat. festd ovatd, subdepressa,
crassiusculé, apice fere centrali, radiatim rugos? cos-
tatd et liraté, costis lirisque irregulariter rude squa-
matis ; albidd, cinereo et nigro tinctd, intus cerules-
cente-alba.
Tue scaLy Limpnr. Shell ovate, somewhat depressed,
rather thick, apex nearly central, radiately roughly
ribbed and ridged, ribs and ridges irregularly rudely
scaled; whitish, tinged with ash and black, interior
bluish-white.
Hab.
This is a solid ash-coloured shell, roughly sculptured
throughout with irregular scaly ribs and ridges.
January, 1855.
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PATELLA.
IPTATR XOX:
Species 95. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA SANGUINALIS. Pat. testé suboblongo-ovatd,
tenui, pellucida, lateraliter leviter compressi, apice
subacuto, antico, radiatim dense irregulariter striata ;
pallide corned, Uineis tenuibus pallidé sanguineis un-
dique undato-reticulatda.
THE BLOOD-TINGED Limpntr. Shell suboblong-ovate,
thin, transparent, slightly compressed at the sides,
apex rather sharp, anterior, radiately densely irregu-
larly striated; pale horny, everywhere wave-reticu-
lated with pale red thin lines.
Hab. ?
Of thin subtransparent horny texture, and rather com-
pressly ovate form, delicately painted throughout with a
network of pale red waved lines.
Species 96. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA STELLULARIA. Pat. testd ovatd, antice viv at-
tenuatd, subconverd, radiatim noduloso-liratd ; cas-
taneo-brunned, stelld albdé ad apicem, intus pellucidéd,
subiridescente.
Tur starreD Limpert. Shell ovate, scarcely attenuated
in front, slightly convex, radiately nodosely ridged ;
chestnut-brown, with a white star on the apex, in-
terior pellucid, subiridescent.
Quoy and Garmarp, Voyage de l’Astrolabe, vol. iii. p.
347. pl. 70. f. 18 and 20.
Hab. New Zealand.
Readily distinguished by a rather large irregular star-
pattern of white upon a chestnut-brown ground.
Species 97. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA ARTICULATA. Pat. testd hexayono-ovati, antic?
attenuata, subplano-depressa, undique radiatim liratd
et striatd ; olivaced, radiis lutescentibus ad angulos,
liris purpureo-nigro et albo articulatis, intus subar-
gented.
THE ARTICULATED Limpnt. Shell hexagonally ovate,
attenuated in front, rather flatly depressed, every-
where radiately ridged and striated; olive, with yel-
low rays at the angles, ridges articulated with purple-
black and white, interior rather silvery.
Hab. Island of Tieao, Philippines.
A rather compressly flattened species, divided on the
surface into seven to nine subangular areas, rayed with
neatly articulated ridges.
Species 98. (Mus. Cuming.)
PateLta CuiLoEnsts. Pat. testd rotundato-ovatd, antice
subacuminatd, acute conoided, elevatd, apice subcen-
trali, radiatim costatd, costis retusis, subobsoletis ;
Sumeo-nigro irregulariter tinctd et strigatd, intersti-
tits albidis perpaucis promiscuis, intus subargented.
Tue Cuinor Limprr. Shell rotundately ovate, a little
acuminated in front, sharply conoid, elevated, apex
nearly central, radiately ribbed, ribs worn, nearly
obsolete; irregularly stained and streaked with
smoky-black, whitish, interstices very few and pro-
miscuous, interior a little silvery.
Hab. Island of Chiloe; Cuming.
A characteristic deeply conoid shell, almost entirely
smoky-black, rust-tinged towards the apex, with white
appearing promiscuously at remote intervals.
Species 99. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA sTRIATA. Pat. testd rotundato-ovata, subdepressa,
apice valdé antico, acuto, radiatim dense liratda, liris
circa apicem subobsoletis ; virescente-olivaced, intus
vividée virescente, nucleo fuscescente, margine latius-
culo, nigricante-olivaceo.
THE sTRIATED Limpert. Shell rotundately ovate, rather
depressed, apex very anterior, sharp, radiately densely
ridged, ridges nearly obsolete about the apex ; green-
ish-olive, interior bright green, nucleus light brown,
border rather broad, blackish-olive.
Patelloidea striata, Quoy and Gaimard, Voyage de l’ As-
trolabe, Moll. pl. 71. f. 8-11.
Hab. Galapagos Islands; Cuming.
An obscure greenish-olive species, with mostly a bright
green interior and rather broad dark olive border. The
surface, which is rather depressed, is densely radiately
elevately striated, but the strize are only faintly developed
round the apex.
March, 1855.
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PATELLA.
Prate XXXIV.
Species 100. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA LaciniavTa. Pat. testé oblongo-ovatd, subacute
converd, lateraliter subcompressd, radiatim dense ele-
vato-striaté ; albidd, lineis numerosis tenuibus rufis
undique promiscue reticulato-radiatd, reticulo circa
apicem interrupte pervio, intus cerulescente-alba.
THE FRINGED Limper. Shell oblong-ovate, rather sharply
” convex, laterally shghtly compressed, radiately densely
elevately striated; whitish, reticulately rayed every-
where promiscuously with numerous fine red lines,
network round the apex interruptedly open, interior
bluish-white.
Hab, Australia.
Distinguished by a densely pencilled elongated network
of red-brown lines, which is more or less interruptedly
open around the apex.
Species 101. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA LEUCOPHHA. Pat. testé rotundato-ovatd, de-
pressiusculd, medio subacute elevatd, radiatim obscure
costata et striata, costis irregularibus, fere obsoletis ;
nigricante-viridi, maculis albis prope marginem obscure
biseriatim tessellatd, intus virescente-albd, medio in-
tensé castaned.
THE WHITE-sPOTTED Limprr. Shell rotundately ovate,
rather depressed, somewhat sharply raised in the
middle, radiately obscurely ribbed and striated, ribs
irregular, almost obsolete ; very dark green, obscurely
tessellated near the margin with two rows of white
blotches, interior greenish-white, dark chestnut in
the middle.
Nurratt, Jay’s Catalogue of Shells, p. 38.
Hab. Upper California.
A very dark greenish shell, encircled near the margin
with two rows of faint whitish blotches.
Species 102. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA PENICILLATA. Pat. testd ovatd, subplano-con-
vewd, radiatim rugoso-liratd et sulcatd, plerumque
multo erosd, apice parvo, acuto, antico ; albidd, sulcis
intense fusco penicillatis, intus albidd, fusco medio et
ad marginem lineata.
THE PENCILLED Limpert. Shell ovate, rather flatly con-
vex, radiately roughly ridged and grooved, generally
much eroded, apex small, sharp, anterior; whitish,
grooves pencilled with dark brown, interior whitish,
lineated in the middle and at the edge with brown.
Hab. Valparaiso.
A rather flatly convex eroded white species, pencilled in
the radiating grooves with interrupted brown.
Species 103. (Mus. Cuming.)
5D
PATELLA CANESCENS. Pat. testé ovatd, anticé subatte-
nuatd, converd, radiatim rugoso-liratd et sulcatd; liris
promiscue albis et nigris, intus subpellucida.
THE GREY-HAIRED Limpert. Shell ovate, a little atte-
nuated in front, radiately rugosely ridged and grooved;
ridges promiscuously black and white, interior sub-
pellucid.
?
Hab.
This shell is much worn round the apex, but a very
characteristic black and white sculpture covers the remain-
ing surface.
Species 104. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA TENERA.
apice parvo, acuto, antico, radiatim strictd, striis ele-
Pat. testa ovata, tenuiculd, depressé,
vatis, subfuniculatis, striis minutis concentricis can-
cellatis ; lutescente, nigricante-viridi promiscue macu-
lata et variegatd, intus cerulescente, subpellucidd.
THE THIN Limper. Shell ovate, rather thin, depressed,
apex small, sharp, anterior, radiately striated, strice
raised, somewhat corded, cancellated with minute
concentric striz; yellowish, promiscuously spotted
and variegated with blackish-green, interior bluish,
subtransparent.
C. B. Adams, Contributions to Conchology.
Hab. iy
A depressed yellowish shell, prettily variegated and
blotched with blackish-green, which is seen through in
the interior.
March, 1855.
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Patella, FEXANAY.
105 a
1064
105 b
JO7
1076
V09 a
10Sb
Vincent Brooks Imp
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Bey AEA.
PuatE XXXV.
Species 105. (Mus. Cuming.)
PaTbLLa FUNGUS. Pat. testd ovatd, depresso-conoided,
apice elevato, subcentrali, radiatim densé costata et
liratd, costis lirisque angustis, parvis, undique tenui-
nodulatis ; sordidé cinered, circa apicem et prope mar-
ginem rufescente-fusco punctatd, nodulis albicantibus,
intus semipellucido-iridescente.
THE FuNGUs Limper. Shell ovate, depressly conoid,
apex raised, subcentral, radiately densely ribbed and
ridged, ribs and ridges narrow, small, everywhere
finely noduled; dull ash, dotted round the apex and
near the margin with reddish-brown, with nodules
whitish, interior semi-transparent, iridescent.
Tectura fungus, Meuschen.
Hab. West Indies.
A dull ash depressly conoid shell, densely rayed with
finely noduled ribs and ridges, sparingly marked with
reddish-brown dots, which are seen most distinctly in the
interior of the shell.
Species 106. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA FLOCCATA.
apice anticé inclinato, planato, radiatim tenuiliratd,
Pat. testé ovat, convexo-depressd,
liris filosis, subundatis, striis concentricis eximie cre-
nulatis ; olivaceo-viridi, floccis albis profuse aspersda,
intus vivide ceruleo-viridi.
THE sNOW-FLAKE Limpert. Shell ovate, convexly de-
pressed, apex inclined anteriorly, flattened, radiately
finely ridged, ridges thread-like, slightly waved, de-
licately crenulated with concentric striz ; olive-green,
profusely sprinkled with white flakes, interior vivid
blue-green.
Hab. New Zealand; Earl.
A delicate rather compressly convex species, sculptured
with fine thread-like slightly waved ridges, and profusely
radiately dashed with white flakes upon a dark olive-green
ground.
Species 107. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA UMBONATA.
omnind antico, acute uncinato, radiatim liratd, liris
Pat. testé globoso-convead, apice
paucis, irregularibus, obtuse crenatis; cinereo-nigrd,
punctis albis impressis sculpturatd, punctis magis nu-
merosis versus marginen, tutus cerulescente-albd, me-
dio castaned.
THe umBoED Limpert. Shell globosely convex, apex
altogether anterior, sharply hooked, radiately ridged,
ridges few, irregular, obtusely crenated; ash-black,
sculptured with white impressed punctures, punctures
more numerous towards the margin, interior bluish-
white, chestnut in the middle.
Nurratt, Jay’s Catalogue of Shells, p. 3
Hab. Upper California.
A elobosely convex species, with the apex sharply in-
clined over the front, of a rough ash-black substance,
chipped, as it were, with white punctures, which are more
numerous as they approach the basal margin.
Species 108. (Mus. Cuming.)
PareLLA aFrinis. Pat. testd oblongo-ovatd, depressd,
apice valdé antico, parvo, subacuto, radiatim liratd et
striatd, liris striisque numerosis, obtusis, subundatis ;
nigricante-olivaced, radiis latis oblique sanguineo-ma-
culatis ornatd, intus subpellucido-iridescente.
Tue atimp Limvet. Shell oblong-ovate, depressed,
apex very anterior, small, rather sharp, radiately
ridged and striated, ridges and striae numerous, ob-
tuse, slightly waved; dark olive, ornamented with
obliquely blood-blotehed broad rays, interior sub-
transparent, iridescent.
Hab. New Zealand.
Two or three species, it will be seen, have been described
of this same typical form from New Zealand, all essentially
distinct in regard to sculpture. In the present species the
surface is carved throughout with simple smooth slightly
waved close-set ridges and striae.
Species 109. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA PRUINOSA. Pat. testa subdepresso-ovatd, corned,
apice antico, minute acute uncinato, radiatim tenuis-
simée livatd, liris ivregularibus, undatis, striis minutis
concentricis decussatis ; subpellucido-olivaced, punctis
vivide ceruleo-viridibus radiata, maculis nigricante-
olivaceis antice tinctd.
THE FROSTED Limpert. Shell subdepressly ovate, horny,
apex anterior, minutely sharply hooked, radiately
very finely ridged, ridges irregular, slightly waved,
decussated with minute concentric striz; subpel-
lucid-olive, rayed with bright blue-green dots, and
stained in front with dark olive blotches.
Kratss, Siidafric. Mollusken, p. 56. pl. 3. f. 9.
Hab. Table Bay.
A semitransparent horny depressly ovate shell, with a
small sharply hooked apex, comparatively smooth, distin-
guished by a peculiar rayed sprinkling of blue-green dots
of a bright metallic hue.
March, 1855.
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Patella , Pl, XXXVT.
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PATELLA.
Pirate XXXVI.
Species 110. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA LENTIGINOSA. Pat. testd ovatid, conveai, apice
anticée inclinato, obtuso, radiatim striata, striis plus
minus erosis ; albidd, nigro-castanco interrupte radiata
et promiscue undato-lentiginosd, intus carulescente-
alba.
THE FRECKLED LIMPET.
clined anteriorly, obtuse, radiately striated, strice
more or less eroded; whitish, interruptedly rayed
and promiscuously wave-freckled with blackish-chest-
nut, interior bluish-white.
9
Shell ovate, convex, apex in-
Hab.
This species is particularly well characterized by the
promiscuous wave-freckled style of its dark chestnut
painting.
Species 111. (Mus. Cuming.)
PaTELLA ARANEOSA. Lat. testd suboblongo-ovatd, anticé
attenuata, tenuiculd, lateraliter compressa, apice sub-
aculé acuminato, antico, radiatim densé striatd, striis
funiculatis, striis concentricis minuté crenulatis ; oli-
vaceo-viridi, lineis opaco-albis numerosis conspicue ra-
diaté, intus semipellucidd.
THe copwes Limever. Shell suboblong-ovate,: attenu-
ated in front, rather thin, compressed at the sides,
apex rather sharply acuminated, anterior, radiately
densely striated, stria corded, minutely crenulated
with concentric striz; olive-green, conspicuously
rayed with numerous opake-white lines, interior se-
mitransparent.
Hab. Australia.
A somewhat depressed species, pinched and sharply
pointed towards the apex, which inclines very much to the
front, and of a dull greenish-olive colour, curiously rayed
throughout with fine opake-white lines.
Species 112. (Mus. Cuming.)
PaTELLA OreGona. Pat. test@ globoso-conoided, apice
antico, acute acuminato, uncinato, radiatim obtuse cos-
tata, costis nodatis, subcorrugatis ; nigra, punctis albis
numerosis, interdum nigro et albo strigatd, intus ceru-
lescente-albd, medio intense castaned.
Tue OreGon Lrurer. Shell globosely conoid, apex an-
terior, sharply acuminated, hooked, radiately ob-
tusely ribbed, ribs noduled, slightly wrinkled ; black,
marked with numerous white punctures, streaked
with black and white, interior bluish-white, deep
chestnut in the middle.
Norra1t, Jay’s Catalogue of Shells, p. 38.
Hab. Mouth of the Oregon River, Upper California.
Of the same peculiar type as P. wnbonata of the pre-
ceding Plate, and possibly only a variety of that species.
It is rayed with more prominent swollen ribs, and is more
sharply acuminated and hooked at the apex.
Species 113. (Mus. Cuming.)
PateLta Bornugnsts. Pat. testé rotundato-ovatd, sub-
depressi, apice subcentrali, obtuso, radiatim obscure
siriald, striis plus minus erosis ; atrd, radiis irregu-
laribus albis nigro-interruptis ornatd, intus cerules-
cente, medio pallide castaned, margine nigro, lato.
THe Borneo Limper.
depressed, apex nearly central, obtuse, radiately ob-
Shell rotundately ovate, rather
scurely striated, striz more or less eroded; black,
ornamented with irregular black interrupted white
rays, interior bluish, light chestnut in the middle,
margin black, broad.
fab. North coast of Borneo.
A depressed, rudely formed species, dull black, irregularly
rayed with white rays interrupted with black, the interior
being of a blue tinge, with an unusually broad black
border.
Species 114. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA STELLARIS. Pat. testd subdepresso-ovatd, apice
centrali, costis septem peramplis tumidis radiatis, ad
marginem prolongatis, interstitiis lird angustd brevi ;
sordide albd, intus alba, medio pallidé castaneo-rufa.
Tue star Limper. Shell subdepressly ovate, apex cen-
tral, with seven large swollen radiating ribs, pro-
longed over the margin, interstices with a short nar-
row ridge; dull white, interior white, pale chestnut-
red in the middle.
Patelloida stellaris, Quoy and Gaimard, Moll. Voy. de
l Astrolabe, vol. iii. p. 356. pl. 71. f. 1-4.
Hab. New Holland.
Distinguished from all other species of the genus, by
its peculiarly swollen stellar radiating ribs.
March, 1855.
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PATELLA.
PuateE XXXVII.
Species 115. (Fig. 115 a, 6, and 118 a, 6, Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA ELEGANS. Pat. testd ovata vel subquadrato-ro-
tundatd, depressiusculd, apice subcentrali, radiatin
tenuilirata et sulcatd ; carneo-albidd, radiis spadiceis
et nigris irregularibus, sepe furcatis, circa apicem ob-
scure albo marmoratis ornatd, intus lacted, medio pal-
lide fuscescente, margine conspicue nigro tessellato.
THE ELEGANT Limper. Shell ovate or somewhat squarely
rotundate, rather depressed, apex subcentral, radi-
ately finely ridged and grooved; flesh-white, orna-
mented with irregular bay and black rays, often
forked, obscurely mottled around the apex with white,
interior milk-white, pale brown in the middle, margin
conspicuously tessellated with black.
Puruiprt, Abbild. und Besch. Conch. Patella, pl. 2. f. 2.
Acmea elegans, Philippi.
Hab. La Guayra.
The specimens represented at Fig. 115 and 118 of this
Plate prove, on minute examination, to be different forms
of the same species. The dark pencilled rays are peculiarly
broken up and white-mottled about the apex, and conspi-
cuously neatly tessellated on the inner margin.
Species 116. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA CIMELIATA. Lat. testé ovatd, subconicd, apice
centrali, elevato, radiatim costatd, costis angustis, sub-
distantibus, interstitiis obscuré clathratis ; lutescente-
albd, costis opaco-albis, interstitiis promiscue sangui-
neo-tinctis, intus opaco-albd.
THE JEWELLED Limpert. Shell ovate, subconical, apex
central, raised, radiately ribbed, ribs narrow, rather
distant, interstices obscurely latticed; yellowish-
white, ribs opake-white, interstices promiscuously
blood-stained, interior opake-white.
Hab. Honduras ; Dyson.
A very characteristic blood-red stained shell, the surface
being obscurely latticed between radiating opake-white ribs.
Species 117. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA strpuLATA. Pat. testd suboblongo-ovatd, antice
subacuminatd, depresso-converd, apice centrali, sub-
acuto, radiatim lirata, liris rudibus, confertis, valde
irregularibus, subundulatis, margine subacute produc-
tis ; virescente-nigra, lineis perpaucis albidis obscure
radiata, intus intense ceruleo-viridi, margine nigri-
cante.
Tus tHatcHEeD Limeet. Shell suboblong-ovate, a little
acuminated in front, depressly convex, apex central,
rather sharp, radiately ridged, ridges rude, close-set,
very irregular, a little waved, rather sharply produced
at the margin; greenish-black, faintly rayed with a
few whitish lines, interior deep blue-green, margin
blackish.
Hab. Panama.
A. dark closely irregularly wave-ridged shell, the ridges
here and there produced over the margin. The interior is
of a peculiar deep blue-green.
Species 119. (Mus. Cuming.)
Patria scaBra. Pat. testd ovatd, antice subattenuatd,
depresso-conoided, undique creberrimé scabroso-costata
et liratd, apice subantico, acuto, paululum uncinato ;
lutescente-albd, ferrugineo-fusco undique dense tessel-
lati, intus alba.
Tue roucH Limpert. Shell ovate, a little attenuated in
front, depressly conoid, everywhere closely scabrously
ribbed and ridged, apex subanterior, sharp, a little
hooked; yellowish-white, densely tessellated through-
out with rust-brown, interior white.
Nurratt, Jay’s Catalogue of Shells.
Hab. Upper California.
A very characteristic species, both in sculpture and
colouring, sometimes of much larger size than the speci-
men here figured, with the character, however, in that
case more or less obscured by abrasion.
March, 1855.
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PATELLA.
Prats XXXVIII.
Species 120. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA Lacunosa. Pat. testé oblongo-ovatd, subelevato-
conoided, apice subcentrali, obtuso, radiatim costatd,
costis tumidiusculis, obtusis, interslitiis subexcavatis,
fortiter striatis ; fuscescente-albidd, costis albis, intus
pellucido-alba.
Tue GUTTERED Limprr. Shell oblong-ovate, rather ele-
vately conoid, apex nearly central, obtuse, radiately
ribbed, ribs rather swollen, obtuse, interstices rather
excavated, strongly striated; brownish-white, ribs
white, interior transparent-white.
Hab. P
Chiefly distinguished by its oblong-oval form and_pro-
minent radiating ribs, which are somewhat swollen and
worn.
Species 121. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA FENESTRATA. Pat. testa ovatd, anticé subat-
tenuatd, tenuiculd, depresso-conoided, apice prominente,
subobtuso, radiatim densé tenuistriatd, striis subundu-
latis ; virescente, cinereo-olivaceo undique tenuissime
tessellato-maculatd, intus cerulescente-cinered, margine
lato, nigro.
THE WINDOWED LimpEt. Shell ovate, a little attenuated
in front, rather thin, depressly conoid, apex promi-
nent, rather obtuse, radiately densely finely striated,
strie a little waved; greenish, finely tessellately
mottled with ash-olive, interior bluish-ash, with a
broad black border.
Norrat., Jay’s Catalogue of Shells, p. 38.
Hab. Upper California.
The colouring of this species is peculiar, the outer sur-
face being densely mottled with a very fine network of
ash-olive upon a greenish ground, whilst the interior is
characterized by a broad black border.
Species 122. (Mus. Cuming.)
PaTELLa puncturaTA. Pat. testd subquadrato-ovatd,
apice central, subobtuso, radiatim costatd, costis irre-
gularibus, nunc distinctis, nune subobscuris, liris con-
centricis fere obsoletis cancellatis, super costis squa-
mato-pustulatis ; opaco-albd, punctis sanguineis paucis
promiscue aspersd, intus opaco-alba.
THE Rosu-DoTTED Limpert. Shell somewhat squarely
ovate, apex central, rather obtuse, radiately ribbed,
ribs irregular, sometimes distinct, sometimes rather
obscure, cancellated with nearly obsolete concentric
ridges, squamately pustuled on the ribs; opake-
white, promiscuously sprinkled with a few blood-red
dots, interior opake-white.
Lamarck, Anim. sans vert. (Deshayes’ edit.) vol. vii. p.537.
Hab. Honduras ; Dyson.
This appears to be the species imperfectly described
by Lamarck under the above name from Barbadoes. — Its
chief characteristic is the sprinkling of blood-rose dots
upon an opake-white ground, and squamately pustuled
ribs, which are more or less worn.
Species 123. (Mus. Cuming.)
PaTELLA acHates. Pat. testd ovatd, tenuiculd, convero-
depressd, radiatim dense striata, striis hie illie tenueé
Suniculatis ; intense nigra, radiis albis fulguratis irre-
gulariter variegatd, intus cerulescente, margine late
nigro-variegato.
Tap acate Limpnr. Shell ovate, rather thin, convexly
depressed, radiately densely striated, strie here and
there finely corded; intense black, irregularly va-
riegated with lightning-marked white rays, interior
bluish, with a broad black variegated border.
9
Hab.
A strikingly characteristic species in respect of painting,
densely rayed with fine corded striz.
Species 124, (Mus. Cuming.)
PateLtaA Dunxert. Pat. testd ovatd, conoided, latera-
liter subcompressd, apice antic inclinato, subunci-
nato, tenuiculd, subpellucidd, radiatim densé elevato-
striata, interstitiis minutissimé cancellatis ; cinereo-
corned, pallidé radiatd.
Dunxer’s Limpert, Shell ovate, conoid, a little com-
pressed at the sides, apex inclined anteriorly, slightly
hooked, rather thin, subpellucid, radiately densely
elevately striated, interstices very minutely cancel-
lated ; ash-horny, faintly rayed.
Krauss, Siidafric. Moll. p. 55. pl. 3. f. 14.
Hab. Port Natal.
A delicately rayed ash-horny subtransparent shell, ela-
borately sculptured with raised strie, the interstices be-
tween which are very minutely cancellated.
March, 1855.
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PATELLA.
Puate XXXIX.
Species 125. (Mus. Cuming.)
PaTELLA CUBENSIS.
midali-conoided, crassiusculd, apice subcentrali, ele-
Pat. testé rotundato-ovatd, pyra-
vato, radiatim lineari-liratd et sulcatd, liris flexuosis,
interruptis, furcatis ; liris albis, sulcis nigris, intus
alba, medio intense castaned, margine nigro-lineato.
Tue Cusa Limpert. Shell rotundately ovate, pyramidally
conoid, rather thick, apex nearly central, raised, ra-
diately linearly ridged and grooved, ridges flexuous,
interrupted and forked; ridges white, grooves black,
interior white, dark chestnut in the middle, border
black, lineated.
Hab. Cuba.
A solid, pyramidally conoid shell, peculiarly sculptured
with promiscuously forked white ridges, the narrow inter-
stices between which are black.
Species 126. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA GRANO-STRIATA. Pat. testd depresso-ovatd, te-
nuiculd, antice attenuata, apice antice multo inclinato,
radiatim striatis, striis elevatis, tenue funiculatis, sub-
tilissimeé granulatis ; livido-nigricante.
THE GRAIN-STRIATED Limprr. Shell depressly ovate,
rather thin, attenuated in front, apex much inclined
anteriorly, radiately striated, striae raised, thinly
corded, very finely granuled ; livid black.
Hab. ?
A thin, very depressed, anteriorly inclined shell, of a
livid black hue, delicately rayed with characteristic granu-
lated striz.
Species 127. (Mus. Cuming.)
PaTELLA JACKSONIENSIS. Pat. testd suboblongo-ovatd,
subrudi, apice centrali, elevato, obsolete radiatim stri-
ata, plus minus erosd; fusco alboque irregulariter
radiata, intus radiata.
Tue Port Jackson Limprr. Shell somewhat oblong-
ovate, rather rude, apex central, raised, obsoletely ra-
diately striated, more or less eroded ; irregularly rayed
with brown and white, rayed in the interior.
Hab. Port Jackson, Australia.
Of a peculiarly rude oblong-ovate growth, variously
rayed with brown and white.
Species 128. (Mus. Cuming.)
PaTELLA aLBicostaTa. Pat, testd subquadrato-ovata,
crassiusculd, rudi, depressd, apice centrali, radiatim
rudé costatd, costis obtusis, distantibus, subirregulari-
bus ; costis albidis, interstitiis nigris, intus alba.
THE WHITE-RIBBED Limpert. Shell squarely ovate, rather
thick, rude, depressed, apex central, radiately rudely
ribbed, ribs obtuse, distant, rather irregular; ribs
white, interstices black, interior white.
C. B. Apams, Contributions to Conchology.
Hab. Jamaica.
A very characteristic rudely depressed shell, starred
with whitish rather distant ribs.
Species 129. (Mus. Cuming.)
Paterta MIxta. Pat. testd ovata, tenuiculd, conoided,
lateraliter compressa, apice subantico, obsoleté decus-
satim striata ; nigro luteoque peculiariter marmoratéa,
intus variegata.
THE MOTTLED Limret. Shell ovate, rather thin, conoid,
compressed at the sides, apex rather anterior, obso-
letely decussately striated; peculiarly mottled with
black and yellow, variegated in the interior.
Hab. Port Phillip, Australia.
A thin, peculiar mottled shell, with somewhat the aspect
of our northern P. ¢estudinalis,
March, 1855.
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PATELLA.
PuatEe XL.
Species 130. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA NAvicuLA. Pat. testé ovata, elevato-conoided,
erassiusculd, apice subcentrali, radiatim liratd, liris
numerosis, prominentibus, versus marginem obsolete gra-
nulatis, interstitiis lird minore granulatd ; nigricante-
cinered, liris albidis, intus medio castaned.
THE LITTLE BOAT Lrmpnr. Shell ovate, elevately conoid,
rather thick, apex nearly central, radiately ridged,
ridges numerous, prominent, obsoletely granuled to-
wards the margin, interstices with a smaller granuled
ridge; blackish-ash, ridges white, interior chestnut
in the middle.
Hab. Mazatlan; Lieut. Shipley, R.N.
The ridges of this little high conical shell have a promi-
nent wrinkle-like appearance.
Species 131. (Mus. Cuming.)
PaTELLA cantHarus. Pat. testd ovatd, tenuiculd, con-
veut, apice valde antico, acuto, uncinato, levigatd ;
nigra, albo irregulariter maculata, intus nigricante-
castaned.
Tue BEETLE Limprr. Shell ovate, rather thin, convex,
apex very anterior, sharp, hooked, smooth; black,
irregularly blotched with white, interior blackish-
chestnut.
Hab. New Zealand; Earl. :
Very characteristic in form and colouring, the apex
being sharply hooked and bent over to the anterior mar-
gin, whilst the surface is smooth, promiscuously mottled
with white blotches upon a black ground.
Species 132. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA CORRUGATA,
depressd, subirregulari, radiatim costati, costis per-
Pat. testé oblongo-ovatd, valde
paucis, distantibus, obtusis, corrugatis, apice plus mi-
nus eroso; albidd, costarum interstitiis cirea apicem
nigris, intus medio castaned.
THE SHRIVELLED Limper. Shell oblong-ovate, very de-
pressed, rather irregular, radiately nbbed, ribs very
few, distant, obtuse, wrinkled, apex more or less
eroded; whitish, interstices between the ribs black
round the apex, interior chestnut in the middle.
Hab. Acapulco.
A depressly flattened oblong species, of irregular growth,
rudely sculptured with a few widely distant obtuse ribs,
that give the shell a peculiar shrivelled appearance.
Species 133. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA PLANA. Pat. test@ rotundato-ovatd, valdé de-
press, pland, irregulart, apice subcentrali, vix elevato,
radiatim rudé sulcata, liris intermediis valde irregu-
laribus, corrugatis, versus marginem pustulatis ; al-
bidd, sulcis ceruleo-nigro tinctis.
Tue ruat Limpert. Shell rotundately ovate, very de-
pressed, flat, irregular, apex nearly central, scarcely
raised, radiately rudely grooved, intermediate ridges
very irregular, wrinkled, pustuled towards the mar-
ein; whitish, grooves stained with blue-black.
Puirepr, Abbild. und Besch. Conch. Patedla, pl. 2. f. 3.
Hab. Valparaiso.
A very characteristic rudely flattened species, very irre-
eularly wrinkled, ridged, and pustuled.
Species 134. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA MELANOLEUCA. Pat. testd ovatd, elevato-co-
noided, crassiusculd, apice subcentrali, radiatim liratd,
liris plus minus obsoletis, obscure granulatis ; nigrd,
albo variegatd, intus albd, medio intense castaned.
Tue prep Limppr. Shell ovate, elevately conoid, rather
thick, apex nearly central, radiately ridged, ridges
more or less obsolete, obscurely granulated; black,
variegated with white, interior white, dark chestnut
in the middle.
Ge in, Syst. Nat. 13th edit.
Hab. ?
A deep conical shell, of rather stout substance, faintly
erain-striated, pied with black and white.
March, 1855.
aan
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. mi me sag mah tol 7 f pid aa = eo if th ei pee a
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os
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Sey ay : i al “ : mite ys rer,
a alae
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Patella , Pl. XLT.
155 a
TGA
1394
1396
Vincent Eroak: up
PATELLA.
Pruate XLI.
Species 135. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA OCCIDENTALIS. Pat. testa quadrato-ovata, ele-
vato convera, radiatim costatd, costis superficiariis, ob-
tusis, alternatim brevioribus ; fuscescente, nigro-tessel-
lata, costis pellucido-albis, intus albida.
THE WESTERN Limpert. Shell somewhat squarely ovate,
elevately convex, radiately ribbed, ribs superficial,
obtuse, alternately shorter, brownish ; tessellated with
black, ribs transparent white, interior whitish.
Hab. West Indies.
The alternate ribs of this species do not reach to the
apex, and they are all of a transparent white substance,
whilst the interstices are confusedly tessellated with black
upon a brownish ground.
Species 136. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA PARASITICA. Pat. testa orbiculari, elevato-con-
vead, cyathiformi, apice anticé inclinato, striatd aut |
rude cancellata ; lutescente-albd, caruleo-nigro vivide
radiatim vel undatim strigatd, intus cerulescente.
Tue parasitic Limpert. Shell orbicular, elevately con-
vex, cup-shaped, apex inclined anteriorly, striated or |
rudely cancellated; yellowish-white, radiately or un-
dately streaked with blue-black, interior bluish.
D’Orbigny, Voy. dans Amérique, pl. 81. f. 1 to 3.
Hab. Valparaiso (on the rocks) ; Cuming.
A little raised cup-like shell, variously rayed or waved
with blue-black upon a yellowish ground.
Species 137. (Mus. Cuming.)
PaTELLA BatanorpeEs. Pat. testd ovatd, elevato-convexd,
radiatim costatd, costis angustis, subrudibus, interstitiis
concavis ; fuscescente-albd, circa apicem punctis nigris
promiscue aspersd, intus alba, medio castaned.
Tue Barnacie Limpert. Shell ovate, elevately convex,
radiately ribbed, ribs narrow, rather rude, interstices
concave; brownish-white, promiscuously sprinkled
round the apex with black dots, interior whitish,
chestnut in the middle.
Hab. West Indies.
The ribs of this species are narrow, irregular, and rather
rude in structure, with the interstices between them gra-
dually concave. The outer surface of the shell is of a
dull stone-white, promiscuously dotted round the apex
with black.
Species 138. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA LEUCOPLEURA. Pat. testa elevato-conicd, cras-
siusculd, basi feré orbiculari, apice obtusa, radiatim
lirata, liris subirregularibus, funiculatis ; cerulescente-
cinered, liris nigricantibus, intus alba, margine con-
spicue lineato.
THE WHITE-sIDB Limpert. Shell elevately conical, rather
thick, nearly orbicular at the base, obtuse at the
apex, radiately ridged, ridges rather irregular, corded:
bluish-ash, ridges blackish, interior white, margin
conspicuously lineated.
GMELIN, Syst. Nat. 13th edit.
Hab. West Indies.
Particularly distinguished by its raised conical form,
rayed throughout with fine blackish corded ridges upon a
light slate ground.
Species 139. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA COFFEA. Pat. testd ovata, convewo-depressid, ra-
diatim dense lirato-striatd, semper pererosd ; intus ex-
tusque fusco-nigra, margine tenué denticulato.
THe correr Limpet. Shell ovate, convexly depressed,
radiately densely ridge-striated, always very much
eroded ; brown-black within and without, finely den-
ticulated at the margin.
Hab. Valparaiso ; Cuming.
A dark brown species, of simple character, always much
eroded.
May, 1855.
V4 a
I43 a
Sowerby dal ct lith
T4hb
1406
Patella, PU. ALM
Jhb
Vincent Brooks Imp
PATELLA.
Puate XLII.
Species 140. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA MAMILLATA.
nuatd, acute convexd, apice uncinatd, squamarum serie-
Pat. testd ovatd, anticé vix atte-
bus numerosis minutis muricato-radiatd, striis concen-
tricis decussaté ; sordidé olivaced, obscuré lateraliter
biradiatd, intus cerulescente, macula castaned centrali
antice peculiariter productd, margine nigricante, lato.
THE NIPPLE Limpert. Shell ovate, slightly attenuated in
front, sharply convex, hooked at the apex, prickly
rayed with numerous ridges of fine scales, decussated
with concentric striz ; dirty olive, obscurely laterally
two-rayed, interior bluish, with a central chestnut
blotch, peculiarly produced anteriorly, margin black-
ish, broad.
Nurrary, MS8., Mus. Cuming.
Ha). Upper California.
The outer surface of this species is prickly rayed through-
out with minute scales, whilst in the interior the central
chestnut blotch is curiously attenuated and produced in
front.
Species 141. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA UNCINATA,.
apice paululum antice uncinato, radiatim profuse tenui-
Pat. testé ovatd, acute conoided,
liratd, interstiis obscure cancellatis; albidd, nigri-
cante-fusco tessellatéd aut diagonaliter strigatd, intus
cerulescente-alba, pellucido-tessellatdé et castaneo pal-
lide tincta.
Tum HOOKED Limpert. Shell ovate, sharply conoid, apex
a little hooked anteriorly, radiately profusely finely
ridged, interstices obscurely cancellated ; whitish, tes-
sellated or diagonally streaked with blackish-brown,
interior bluish-white, transparent tessellated and
stained with faint chestnut.
9
Hab.
A very prettily tessellated species, closely finely ridged
throughout, the shell being sharply conical and slightly
hooked at the apex.
Species 142. (Mus. Cuming.)
Paretta BIRADIATA, Pat. testd suborbiculari, conoideo-
depressd, apice subcentrali, radiatim striato-lirata ;
albidd, ceruleo-nigro prope marginem radiata, radiis
duabus latis pallidis posticé conspicue ornatd, intus
eodem colore vivide picta.
THE TWO-RAYED LimPet.
noidly depressed, apex nearly central, radiately stri-
ately ridged; whitish, rayed with blue-black near the
margin, conspicuously ornamented posteriorly with
two broad pale bands, interior vividly painted with
the same colour.
Hab. China Seas.
Shell nearly orbicular, co-
This species is characterized, among other features, by
two broad pale bands, radiating from behind the apex,
especially distinct in the interior.
Species 143. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA NIMBUS. Pat. testd ovatd, anticée vix attenuata,
subacute convexd, apice subantico, undique decussatim
undato-striatd, striis radiantibus fortioribus ; olivaced,
lutescente eleganter radiata, circa apicem purpuras-
cente.
Tue nimpus Limpert. Shell ovate, slightly attenuated
anteriorly, rather sharply convex, apex somewhat an-
terior, everywhere decussately wave-striated, the ra-
diating strie being the stronger ; olive, elegantly rayed
with faint yellow, purplish round the apex.
Hab. ?
The rays of this species are very softly expressed, and
have more the appearance of rays of light than is presented
in any other species, whilst the surface striz are finely
waved throughout.
Species 144. (Mus. Cuming.)
PATELLA LIMA.
antico, subuncinato, radiatim confertim lirato-striatd,
striis undique minutissimeé muricato-squamatis ; vires-
Pat. testé oblongo-ovatd, convext, apice
cente-olivaced, intus viride ceruleo-virescente, margine
purpureo-fuscd.
Tur Fite Limpert. Shell oblong-ovate, convex, apex an-
terior, rather hooked, radiately closely ridge-striated,
striae very minutely prickly scaled; greenish-olive,
interior bright blue-green, pwple-brown at the mar-
gin.
?
Hab.
The entire surface of this species is closely sculptured
with very minute prickly scales.
May, 1855.
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Ab fol i ‘ ye on
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achates, Reeve
aculeata, Reeve .............
affinis, Reeve ......
wnea, Martyn .....-
albicostata, C. B. ine
amend, Say.......
amussitata, Reeve ...........
araneosa, [eeve .. .
Araucana, D’Orbigny ........
argentata, Sowerby ....:.....
Argenvillii, Krauss ..........
articulata, Reeve . .
aspera, Lamarck .. .
ASL CTA ALCCUCMNA Sy craters erene ose
atramentosa, Reeve ..........
Balanoides, Reeve ...........
biradiata, Reeve.....
Bonnardi, Payraudeau.....
Borneensis, Reeve ..
cerulea, Lamarck ...........
Candet, Di Orbigny) wos... -
canescens, Reeve ............
cantharus, Reeve .......
Chiloensis, Reeve............
Chitonoides, Reeve ..........
cimeliata, Reeve .............
CUMS CED Mey ot oowe eves varn sini
clathratula, Reeve ...........
Clealandi, Sowerby .........-.
clypeatier: Messori snus cai i+ 212
Ci eUs MES ONT sale ws) 221) 21-1210 suey
cochlear, Gmelin ............
COM CAMA CERIN a vents = Srcisrerei cele
compressa, Linneus ..........-
conspicua, Philippi ..........
COnmu gatas eLeCCue) sateys) oi) o/<1/eyel <1
costoso-plicata, Martini ....
Cretacealsiiecucmiamn sisi sus eae
Cubensis, Reeve ............
Cumingti, Reeve .........- at
decora ye PAippieecedeee
Delessertii, Philippi . .
denticulata, Martyn .. .
depressa,, RenMant sae. a2. 6+:
depsta, Reeve.........
diaphana, Nutiall .........
PATELLA.
Plate. Species.
XXXVIII. 123 Chie), JIU ea porte HomoOe
XXXII. 90 discors; Philippi we ve eee. >
XXXV. 108 Dunkeri, Philippe ..........-
We 9 IWIN Vil7an? spon bumonedacdc
XXXIX. 128 Clecininaneceuewaciere cite cre stots
XXVII. 70 elegans, Philippt...........:
XXX. 83 eNNe Arona MECC re tae taralelalerelsi
XXXVI. 111 EXaraban ULLAL mcr ctelclel\cie ers
XXVI. 66 EXUStay -LCEVE)s cicksle clekeis: «12-6, 5%
VIII. 15 fenestrata, Nutfall...........
X. 20 ferruginea, Sowerby ........--
XXXIIT. 97 Jerruginea, Gmelin ..........
XI. 23 floceata, Reeve . ee
XXX. 80 Mneptensisweevey ae sieieieyel> ol
XVII. 41 HUES JAD 5 olocuudaoue on
XLI. 137 fungus (Zectura), Meuschen .. .
XLII. 142 gorgonica, Humphreys........
XXI. 51 granatina, Linnaus .........-
XXXVI. 1138 grano-striata, Reeve... .
XI. 28 granularis, Linneus........--
XV. 34 Grenlandica, Chemnitz ......
XXXIV. 103 cuttata, D’Orbigny .......-.-
XL. 131 imbricata, Reeve ............
XXXIII. 98 inradiata, Reeve ............-
XXI. 52 Jacksoniensis, Reeve Te neve
XXXVII. 116 laciniata, Reeve 5. ....5....--
XXIV. 60 EOI EES Waa So ob oanotop be
XIV. 30 lanixs eve’ acicinerests aierne -0s
XXVIII. 70 lentiginosa, Reeve ...........
XVI. 38 leucopheea, Nuttall ..........
XXVII. 70 leucopleura, Gmelin..........
XII. 24 NUMA REGvE trae acre teraen ee
XLI 139 limbata, Philippi............
WEL 13 lineata (Lottia) Gray ......
VII. 12 livescens, Reeve
XL. 132 longicosta, Lamarch..........
VIII. 14 ngubrishe Dumberer
A heavy solid species of a peculiar pyramidal form, very
rudely and irregularly sculptured.
Species 32. (Mus. Cuming.)
NASSA DISTORTA.
cerulescente-cinered, luteo fuscoque plus minus tinctad
Nass. testé acuminato-conicd, solidd,
et obsolete fasciatd ; spird elevatd, anfractibus juata
suturas subcontractis, granatis, deinde tenuiplicatis ;
apertura pared, columella dense callosd, labro simplici,
Sauce tenuilirata.
THE Distortep Nassa. Shell acuminately conical, solid,
bluish-ash, more or less stained and obsoletely banded
with yellow and brown; spire raised, whorls slightly
contracted and granuled next the sutures, then thinly
plaited ; aperture small, columella thickly callous, lip
simple, interior thinly ridged.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. ?
Of the same peculiar type as the preceding species, dis-
tinguished by a delicate sculpture of thin longitudinal
plaits, with a granule corresponding to each next the
sutures,
Species 33. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa ornata. Nass. testd ovato-conicd, basi sulcatd ef
contortd, spird acuta, luteo-alba, violascente-rufo lati-
conata ; anfractibus convexis, longitudinaliter concen-
trice tuberculato-plicatis, interstitiis striato-cancellatis ;
apertura parciusculd, tenue corrugato-laminatd, labro
crassissie varicoso, fauce breviliratia.
Tue ORNATE Nassa. Shell ovately conical, grooved and
twisted at the base, spire sharp, yellowish-white, broad-
zoned with violet-red ; whorls convex, longitudinally
concentrically tubercle-plaited, interstices striately
cancellated ; aperture rather small, thinly wrinkled
laminated, lip very thickly varicose, interior short-
ridged.
Kener, Icon. coq. vivantes, p. 80. pl. 21. f. 83.
Hab, Ceylon.
A characteristic species, belonging to the group of the
genus bordering on Z7iton.
Nassa, ft. VI.
NAS Ar:
Prate VI.
Species 34. (Mus. Cuming.)
NASSA ANGULIFERA. Nass. testd ovato-conicd, subturritd,
fulvescente, rufo-fasciatd ; anfractibus convexis, superne
angulatis, longitudinaliter plicatis, interstitiis striato-
cancellatis ; apertura parviusculd, columella brevilami-
nata, labro simplici, varicoso.
THE aNGLEp Nassa. Shell ovately conic, subturreted,
light fulvous, banded with red; whorls convex, an-
gled at the upper part, longitudinally plaited, inter-
stices striately cancellated ; aperture rather’ small
columella short-laminated, lip simple, varicose.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. Galapagos Islands (at ten fathoms) ; Cuming.
A small species, allied to the Zyiton-like division of the
genus, distinguished by the angular contour of the whorls
round the upper part.
Species 35. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa Fitosa. Nass. testé ovatd, suboblique praductéd,
crassa, politd, nitente, cinereo-olivaced, albilentiginosd,
fasciis subobscuris duabus lineisque distantibus rufis
cingulatd ; spird brevi, acuté ; anfractibus convexis,
suboblique declivibus ; apertura parva, columella labro-
gue dense callosis, labro lutescente, immaculata.
THE THREADED Nassa. Shell ovate, somewhat obliquely
produced, thick, polished, shining, ash-olive, freckled
with white, and encircled with distant red lines, and
two obscure reddish bands ; spire short, sharp ; whorls
convex, rather obliquely slanting; aperture small, colu-
mella and lip thickly callous, lip yellowish, unspotted.
Gray, Brit. Mus.
Hab. Cagayan, Island of Mindanao, Philippines (in sandy
mud at twenty-five fathoms) ; Cuming.
A very characteristic, shining, enamelled species, resem-
bling Cyllene in form.
Species 36. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa verrucosa. Nass. testd acuminato-ovatla ; spird
acuta, suturd plano-canaliculaté ; undique seriatim
granosd, granis tumidis, perampliter verrucosis, lutes-
cente, rufo-fusco sparsim nebuloso ; apertura pared, co-
lumelld lamina corrugatd tenui expansd, fauce lirata.
THe warty Nassa. Shell acuminately ovate ; spire
sharp, flatly channelled at the suture; everywhere
seriately granuled, granules swollen, very largely
warty ; yellowish, sparingly clouded with reddish-
brown; aperture small, columella with a thin ex-
panded wrinkled lamina, interior ridged.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. Dalaguete, Island of Negros, Philippines (at eleven
fathoms) ; Cuming.
Allied to N. gemmulata of the preceding plate, but the
granules are larger and more decidedly warty.
Species 37. (Mus. Cuming.) °
Nassa uisprpa. Nass. testa ovato-conicd, solidiusculd,
alba, fascia indistinctd olivaced notatd ; spird acuta ;
anfractibus plano-convexis, undique fortiter seriatim
muricato-granosis, serie superna distantiore et promi-
nente ; apertura parva, columellé excavatd, basi con-
tortd, labro simplici.
Tue prickty Nassa. Shell ovately conical, rather solid,
white, marked with an indistinct olive band; spire
sharp ; whorls flatly convex, strongly seriately prickly
grained throughout, the uppermost row being rather
more distant than the rest, and prominent; aperture
small, columella excavated, twisted at the base, lip
simple.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. Loon, Island of Bohol, Philippines (on the reefs at
low water); Cuming.
A prominently prickly sculptured species, chaste in co
louring and elegant in form.
Species 38. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa MONILE. Nass. test@ ovato-oblongd, levi, nitidd,
albida, fasciis roseo-olivaceis luteoque tinctd ; anfracti-
bus plano-convexis, superné indentatis et granatis, de-
inde flexuoso-plicatis, basi sulcatis ; apertura parvius-
culd, columella labroque callosis, fauce liratd.
THE NECKLACE Nassa. Shell ovately oblong, smooth,
shining, whitish, stained with rose-olive bands and
yellow ; whorls flatly convex, indented and grained
at the upper part, then flexuously plaited, grooved at
the base ; aperture rather small, lip and columella
callous, interior ridged.
December, 1853.
NASSA.—Prate VI.
Buccinum monile, Kiener, Icon. coq. vivantes, p. 68. pl. 11.
f. 40.
Hab. Philippine Islands ; Cuming.
A fine solid species, longitudinally wave-plaited through-
out, with a characteristic groove beneath the sutures.
Species 39. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa CANDENS. Nass, testd@ acuminato-ovatd, solidius-
culd, albidé, fuscescente sparsim tincté ; spird acutis-
sina, sutura anguste canaliculatd ; anfractibus plano-
convexis, granato-reticulatis, granis prominentibus,
submuricatis, interstitiis pulcherrime elevato-lineatis ;
aperturé parvd, columellé excavatd, corrugatd, callosi-
tate orbiculari erecta, fauce lirata.
THE GLISTENING Nassa. Shell acuminately ovate, rather
solid, whitish, sparingly stained with hght brown;
spire very sharp, narrowly channelled at the suture ;
whorls flatly convex, granately reticulated, grains
prominent, rather prickly, interstices very beautifully |
elevately lineated ; aperture small, columella exca-
vated, wrinkled, with an erect orbicular callosity, in-
terior ridged.
Hinps, Moll. Voy. Sulphur, pl. 9. f. 6 and 7.
Hab. Marquesas Islands; Hinds.
One of the most elaborately sculptured species of the
genus, with an erect shining callosity at the aperture.
Species 40. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa rascravTa. Nass. test@ ovato-conicd, subfusiforme,
albd, rufo-fusco conspicue bifasciatd, undique seriatin
granatd, granis prominentibus, obtusis ; apertura parvi-
usculd, columella labroque breviliratis.
TuE BANDED Nassa. Shell ovately conical, subfusiform,
white, conspicuously two-banded with red-brown, se-
riately grained throughout, grains prominent, obtuse ;
aperture rather small, lip and columella short-ridged.
Buceinum fasciatum, Quoy and Gaimard, Moll. Voy. de
Astrolabe, vol. ii. p. 445. pl. 32. f. 18 to 21.
Nassa fasciata, Deshayes.
Hab. South Australia.
A white, obtusely grained shell, very conspicuously
banded with red-brown.
. Nassa, Ul
fal ' 7
Sowerpy, dele
NASSA.
Puate VII.
Species 41. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa Nopata. Nass. testd subfusiformi-ovatd, crassé,
lutescente, basin versus nigricante bifasciatd, longitudi-
naliter plicato-costatd, transversim liratd, liris filifor-
mibus, costas super nodatis ; apertura parviusculd, co-
lumella brevilaminata, labro simplici, fortiter varicoso,
fauce brevilirata.
Tue KNorTeD Nassa. Shell somewhat fusiformly ovate,
thick, yellowish, two-banded with faint black to-
wards the base, longitudinally plicately ribbed, trans-
versely ridged, ridges thread-like, knotted on the
ribs; aperture rather small, columella short-lami-
nated, lip simple, strongly varicose, interior short-
ridged.
Hiyps, Moll. Voy. Sulphur, pl. 9. f. 14, 15.
Hab. Straits of Malacca.
A solid ribbed species, encircled with fine thread-like
ridges, which are knotted on crossing the ribs.
Species 42. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa stremaria. Nass. testd ovato-ventricosd, rufes-
cente, albo-fuscoque variegatd et punctatd, transversim
et longitudinaliter incisd, granis intermediis convexo-
planis, quadratis ; columelld callosd, basi corrugatd,
labro simplici, fauce liratda.
THE MARKED Nassa. Shell ovately ventricose, reddish,
variegated and dotted with white and brown, trans-
versely and longitudinally engraved, intermediate
grains convexly flattened and square ; columella cal-
lous, wrinkled at the base, lip simple, interior ridged.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. Island of Siquijor, Philippines (under stones); Cu-
ming.
A curious square-grained species, the sutural row of
grains being rather swollen and plaited.
Species 43. (Mus. Cuming.)
NAssA MARGINULATA.
dinaliter plicatda, sulcis linearibus transversis decussaté,
subyranulosa ; albidd, olivaceo, fusco et rufo tinctd et
fasciatd ; anfractuum margine superiore crassiusculo,
Nass. testé ovato-acutd, longitu-
erenulato ; columella varié callosd, labro incrassato,
Sauce lirata.
THE MARGINED Nassa. Shell ovately acute, longitudi-
nally plaited, decussated with transverse linear grooves,
subgranulose ; whitish, stained and banded with olive,
brown, and red; upper edge of the whorls rather
thick and crenulated ; columella variously callous, lip
thickened, interior ridged.
Buccinum marginulatum, Lamarck, Anim. sans vert. (Des-
hayes’ edit.) vol. 10. p. 182.
Hab. Mediterranean.
There is mostly a very characteristic brown groove be-
low the sutures.
Species 44. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa VENUSTA.
gibbosd, albidd, ceruleo lividoque fasciatd, punctis
Suseis bivittata, longitudinaliter plicatd, plicis tenuibus,
Jlexuosis, subirregularibus, liris subtilibus transversis
cancellata ; spird breviusculd, acutd ; columellé labro-
que dense callosis, aperturd parva, fauce liratd.
THE HANDSOME Nassa. Shell ovately acute, thick,
gibbous at the back, whitish, banded with blue and
livid, two-filleted with brown dots, longitudinally
plaited, plaits thin, flexuous, rather irregular, cancel-
lated with fine transverse ridges; spire rather short,
sharp; lip and columella thickly callous, aperture
small, interior ridged.
Buccinum venustum, Duncker, Zeitschrift fiir Malac. 1847,
p. 59.
Hab. Isle of Bali, Indian Ocean ; Largilliert. Island of
Corrigidor, Philippines ; Cuming.
Nass. testé ovato-acutd, crassa, dorso
A solid characteristic species of a livid-blue colour, en-
circled above and below the sutures with a fillet of brown
dots.
Species 45. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa DIsPAR. Nass. testd ovato-conicd, crassi, subven-
tricosd, cinered, albo lentiginosd, fusco ad suturas et
basin punctata ; anfractibus superne tumidis et obsolete
nodulosis, prope apicem plicatis ; columella breviter
laminata, fauce liratd.
THE DIFFERENT Nassa. Shell ovately conical, thick,
subyentricose, ash-coloured, freckled with white, dotted
with brown at the sutures and at the base; whorls
swollen and obsoletely nodulous round the upper
December, 1853.
NASSA.—Prare VII.
part, plaited near the apex; columella shortly lami-
nated, interior ridged.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. Island of Camiguing, Philippines (in sandy mud) ;
Cuming.
A smooth solid rather swollen shell, freckled with white
upon an ash ground.
Fig. 46. (Mus. Cuming.)
A specimen of a somewhat variable species, N. crassa,
of which we have selected a more characteristic variety for
description at Plate X.
Fig. 47. (Mus. Cuming.)
This shell, NV. Lsabellei, D’Orbigny, we take to be a va-
| riety of N. marginulata, represented at Fig. 43.
Nessa. PC. Lill
NASSA.
Prate VIII.
Species 48. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa GAUDIOSA.
cmereo-nigricante et fusco fasciatd, albo lentiginosd,
Nass. testé acuminato-ovatd, levigatd,
longitudinaliter plicatd, plicis ad suturas mucronatis,
deinde evanescentibus ; aperturd parvd, fauce liratd,
columella brevi-laminatd.
Tue JoyruL Nassa. Shell acuminately ovate, smooth,
banded with ash-black and brown, freckled with
white, longitudinally plaited, plaits pointed at the
sutures, then fading away; aperture small, interior
ridged, columella short-laminated.
Htnps, Moll. Voy. Sulphur, pl. 9. f. 16, 17.
Hab. Straits of Malacca; Hinds.
The plaits of this species have the appearance of being
worn away in the centre of the whorls.
Species 49. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa CRENELLIFERA. Nass. testd@ subacuminato-ovatd,
albidd, fulvescente obscure fasciatd ; spird acuta ; an-
Sractibus ad suturas concavo-canaliculatis, longitudi-
naliter crebriliratis, sulcis linearibus decussatis ; colu-
mellad subexcavatd, labro subincrassato, varicoso, fauce
lirata.
THE CRENULATED Nassa. Shell somewhat acuminately
ovate, whitish, obscurely banded with light fulvous ;
spire sharp; whorls concavely channelled at the su-
tures, longitudinally closely ridged, decussated with
linear grooves ; columella slightly excavated, lip
rather thickened, varicose, interior ridged.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soe. March 1851.
Hab. ——?
A closely netted species, with a peculiar finely concave
channel at the sutures.
Fig. 50 and 51. (Mus. Cuming.)
The shells here figured, though differing much at first
sight from those represented in the preceding plate as V.
marginulata, appear to be varieties of that species. They
vary chiefly in having the longitudinal ridges more or less
strongly developed, and in being with or without a callo-
sity at the aperture.
Species 52. (Mus. Cuming).
Nassa tacurymMosa. Nass. testa subfusiformi-ovata, la-
vigatd, carulescente-cinered, zonulis duabus pallidis
cinctd ; anfractibus superné serie granularum albarum
ornatis, granulis duabus pone labrum in plicis descen-
dentibus ; columellé callosdé, labro lativaricoso, fauce
hiraté.
THE WEEPING Nassa. Shell somewhat fusiformly ovate,
smooth, bluish-ash, encircled with two pale zones ;
whorls ornamented at the upper part with a row of
white granules, two granules behind the lip descend-
ing into plaits ; columella callous, lip broadly varicose,
interior ridged.
2
Hab.
A subfusiform species, of an obscurely banded ash co-
louring, encircled just below the suture with a character-
istic row of white granules.
Species 53. (Mus. Cuming).
Nassa Srquisorensis. Nass. testd ovata, subturritd,
rufescente, fascia pallida cinctd, longitudinaliter cos-
tellatd, costellis permultis confertis, interstitiis striato-
cancellatis ; suturd plano-canaliculatd ; columellé cor-
rugatd, tenue laminatd, labro muricato-denticulato,
Sauce lirata.
Tue Srquisor Nassa. Shell ovate, subturreted, reddish,
encircled with a pale band, longitudinally finely
ribbed, riblets very numerous, close-set, interstices
striately cancellated; suture flatly channelled; colu-
mella wrinkled, thinly laminated, lip prickly denticu-
lated, interior ridged.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab, Island of Siquijor, Philippines; Cuming.
Closely allied to NV. crenellifera in form, sculpture, and
painting, though apparently distinct.
Species 54. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa punetata. Nass. testd acuminato-ovatd, levi,
cinerea, albipunctatd, lineolis rufis cingulatd ; spird
acuta ; anfractibus plano-declivibus, ad suturas grano-
erenulatis, granis fusco punctatis ; columella lamina
subaurantia callosd expansd, labro oblique producto,
Sauce lirata.
THe porrep Nassa. Shell acuminately ovate, smooth,
ash, dotted with white, encircled with fine red lines ;
spire sharp; whorls flatly slanting, granosely crenu-
lated at the sutures, grains dotted with brown; colu-
mella with an orange-tinted callous expanded lamina,
lip obliquely produced, interior ridged.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab, Puerto Galero, Province of Albay, Island of Luzon,
Philippines (in coarse sand at six fathoms); Cuming.
A flatly slanting, sharply acuminated species, of a dark
white-freckled ash-colour, with a characteristic grain-cre-
nuwated border to the edge of the whorls next the sutures.
December, 1853.
Nassa, PLTG
NEARS SAX.
Pruate IX.
Species 55. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa DENTICULATA. Nass. testd ovato-conicd, subven-
tricosd, fulvescente, rufo fasciatd et maculata ; anfrac-
tibus convevis, longitudinaliter flexuoso-plicatis, plicis
rudibus, subnodatis, transversim liratis, liris angustis
numerosis, planiusculis ; columelld callo tenui expanso,
fauce liratd, labro minute denticulato.
THE DENTICLED Nassa. Shell ovately conical, some-
what ventricose, fulvous, banded and blotched with
red; whorls convex, longitudinally flexuously plaited,
plaits rude, slightly noduled, transversely ridged,
ridges narrow, numerous, and rather flat; columella
with a thin expanded callosity, interior ridged, lip
minutely denticled.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soe. March 1851.
Hab. ——?
There is some resemblance in the general aspect of this
species to young specimens of the common Buyccinuin
undatum.
Species 56. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa pLicaTetia. Nass. testa ovato-conicd, fulvd, ver-
sus labrum alba; anfractibus plano-convexis, inferne
majoribus, longitudinaliter plicatis, plicis ad suturas
obsolete nodosis, versus labrum parvioribus, numerosis,
transversim liratis, liris planulatis ; columella lamind
tenui, basi uniplicatd, fauce liratd, labro minute den-
ticulato.
THE FINELY PLAITED Nassa. Shell ovately conical,
fulvous, white towards the hp; whorls flatly convex,
larger round the lower part, longitudinally plaited,
plaits obsoletely noduled at the sutures, smaller and
numerous towards the lip, transversely ridged, ridges
flattened ; columella with a thin lamina, one-plaited
at the base, interior ridged, lip minutely denticulated.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. Wallwich Bay, Africa.
Allied typically to the European \. reticulate.
Species 57. (Mus. Cuming.)
ASSA RETICULATA.
Sormi, fulvescente vel cinered, longitudinaliter plicatd,
Nass. testa ovato-conicd, subfusi-
transversim liratd, liris angustis, subplanulatis, ad
plicas nodulosis ; columellé brevilaminatd, aperturd
parviusculd, fauce denticulatd, labro simplici.
THE RETICULATED Nassa. Shell ovately conical, some-
what fusiform, fulvous or ash, longitudinally plaited,
transversely ridged, ridges narrow, rather flat, nodu-
lous on the plaits ; columella short-laminated, aperture
rather small, interior denticulated, lip simple.
Buccinum reticulatum, Linneus, Syst. Nat. (10th edit.) p-
740.
Buccinum pullus, Pennant.
Buccinum vulgatum, Gmelin.
Nassa reticulata, Deshayes.
Hab. Seas of Europe.
The principal variation in this species consists in the
plaits being small and close-set, or larger and more distant.
Species 58. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa COSTELLIFERA. Nass. testd ovato-conicd, acuini-
natd, albidd, nigricante-castaneo maculaté et inter-
rupte fasciatd, liris subtilibus longitudinalibus et trans-
versis undique granulato-decussatd, canali levi infra
suturas cingulata ; apertura parviusculd, columellé
corrugatd, brevilaminatd, fauce liratd.
THE FINE-RIBBED Nassa. Shell ovately conical, acumi-
nated, whitish, blotched and interruptedly banded with
blackish-chestnut, granulately decussated throughout
with fine longitudinal and transverse ridges, encircled
with a smooth canal beneath the sutures; aperture
rather small, columella wrinkled, short-laminated, in-
terior ridged.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. Curimao, Philippines; Cuming.
A fine characteristic species of solid growth, granulated
throughout by the crossing of numerous longitudinal and
transverse ridges.
Species 59. (Mus. Cuming.)
NASSA MARGARITIFERA. Nass. testd ovato-conicd, albidd,
rufo-fusco marmoratd, longitudinaliter plicato-costel-
lata, transversim dense liratd, liris ad costellis nodulo-
sis; spird acuminata, ad suturas subcanaliculatd ; colu-
mella subewcavatd, labro incrassato ascendente, aper-
ture fauce liratd.
December, 1853.
NASSA.—Ptate IX.
~Tur pearty Nassa. Shell ovately conical, whitish, | olivaceo et cinereo tinctd ; anfractibus superné declivi-
marbled with red-brown, longitudinally plicately bus et leviter angulatis, transversim sulcatis et rugoso-
ribbed, transversely densely ridged, ridges noduled striatis, longitudinaliter plicato-costatis, costis ad an-
on the ribs; spire acuminated, a little channelled at | gulum tuberculatis ; columella subcontorta, labro in-
the sutures; columella slightly exeavated, lip thick- crassato, fauce lirata.
ened, ascending, interior of the aperture ribbed. Tue pate Nassa. Shell acuminately conical, pale, tinged
Buecinum margaritiferum, Dunker, Zeitschrift fiir Malac. with olive and ash; whorls slanting and slightly
1847, p. 60. angled at the upper part, transversely grooved and
lith, =" roughly striated, longitudinally plicately nbbed, ribs
tubercled on the angle; columella somewhat twisted,
lip thickened, interior ridged.
Powts, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1835, p. 96.
Hab. Panama (in sandy mud at six fathoms) ; Cuming.
A very elaborately sculptured and beautiful species.
Species 60, (Mus. Cuming.)
E a An abnormal form of the genus, referable rather to
A E : 55 Sey | || :
Nassa PALLIDA. Nass, testd acuminato-conicd, pallida, | Buecinum.
ty
=
Bae» 7
*
-
= « =
4
=
Nassa [L.X.
NASSA.
PiaTE X.
Species 61. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa Bimacunosa. Nass. testd suborbiculari, apud dor-
sum valde gibbosd, tuberculatd ; spird acuta, longitu-
dinaliter subplicatd, antice transversim sulcatd, oliva-
ced, fascid pallidé cinctd, labio cum callo crasso albo
mayno suborbiculari -cincto ; columelld levi, antice
uniplicatd ; labro valde incrassato, marginato, antice
sinuato, intus lirato, extus maculis duabus rufo-fuscis
ornato.
two-spottEp Nassa. Shell suborbicular, very
gibbous at the back, tubercled; spire sharp, longitu-
dinally subplicated, anteriorly transversely grooved,
olive, encircled with a pale band, lip encircled by a
large nearly orbicular thick white callosity ; columella
smooth, one-plaited in front; lip much thickened,
margined, sinuated in front, ridged within, orna-
mented externally with two reddish-brown blotches.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1851.
Hab. \sland of Siquijor, Philippines (on mud-banks) ;
Cuming.
THE
A solid dwarf-like species, with a wide-spread thickened
callosity.
Species 62. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa GLoposa. Nass. testd globosd, turyidd, dorso
valde gibbosd, tuberculatd, longitudinaliter tenuiplicatd,
transversim striata, obsolete granulosa ; spird brevi,
acutd ; apertura minima, callo peramplo crasso orbi-
culari, lutescente.
THE GLoBose Nassa. Shell globose, swollen, very
gibbous at the back, tuberculated, longitudinally
finely plaited, transversely striated, obsoletely gra-
nuled; spire short, sharp; aperture very small, with
a very large thick orbicular yellowish callosity.
Buccinum globosum, Quoy and Gaimard, Zool. Voy. de
Astrolabe, vol. ii. p. 448. pl. 32. f. 25 to 27.
Buccinum clathratum, Wiener.
Hab. Island of Vanikoro and New Ireland; Quoy.
A very gibbous solid species, finely latticed throughout,
with a thick wide-spreading callosity.
Species 63, (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa Lurgostoma. Nass. testd pyramidali-conicd, ven-
tricosd, caruleo-fuscd ; spird subturritd ; anfractibus
superne concavo-angulatis, ad anguluin plicato-tuber-
culatis, lineis fuscis cingulatis ; apertura parviusculd,
columella labroque callosis, aurantio-luteis.
Tur YELLOW MouTH Nassa. Shell pyramidally conical,
ventricose, blue-brown; spire subturreted; whorls
concavely angled round the upper part, plicately
tubercled at the angle, encircled with brown lines ;
aperture rather small, lip and columella callous,
orange-yellow.
Krenur, Icon. coq. vivantes, p. 110. pl. 30. f. 1.
Hab. Senegal.
Of a peculiar bluish colour externally, while the enamel
of the lip and columella is a bright orange-yellow.
Species 64. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa Grpposuna. Nass. testa ovatd, crassa, dorso gibba
et tuberculatd, levi, olivaced, cerulescente-albo lenti-
ginosd ; spird brevi, acutd ; apertura pared, callositate
crussd perampla fere usque ad apicem repandd, callosi-
tate albd, intense aurantio-rufo marginata.
Tur cippous Nassa. Shell ovate, thick, gibbous and
tubercled at the back, smooth, olive, freckled with
bluish-white ; spire short, sharp; aperture small, with
a very large thick callosity spread out nearly to the
apex, callosity white, deep orange-red at the edge.
Buceinum gibbosulum, Linneeus, Syst. Nat. (12th edit.) p.
1201.
Nassa gibbosula, Lamarck.
Hab. Philippine Islands ; Cuming.
A very solid gibbous tubercled species, smooth, white-
freckled on olive, with a large callous enamel dise around
the aperture.
Species 65. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa Tuersites. Nass. testd ovato-acutd, crassa, valde
gibbosa et tuberculatd, oblique plicatd, dorso levi, oli-
vaceo-cinered vel caerulescente ; apertura pared, eallo-
sitate anpld orbiculari, lutescente, fauce liratd.
Tue Tuerstres Nassa. Shell ovately acute, thick, very
gibbous and tubercled, obliquely plaited, smooth at
the back, olive-ash or bluish; aperture small, with a
large orbicular yellowish callosity, interior ridged.
December, 1853.
NASSA.—PtatE X.
Buccinum Thersites, Bruguicre, Encyclopédie Méthodique,
pl. 394. f. 8.
Nassa Thersites, Lamarck.
Hab. Philippine Islands ; Cuming.
A more stoutly gibbous species than the preceding, with
a more sharply acuminated spire. ‘The callosity is tinged
with yellow.
Species 66. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa caLLospira. Nass. testd ovatd, pallidd, fascid ci-
nered angulatd ; spird acutd, transversim liratd, plicis
nodosis longitudinalibus instruct ; labio cum callo
magno albo extenso tecto, marginibus usque ad spiram
decurrentibus ; columella antice biplicatd ; labro crasso,
calloso, marginato, fauce valde lirato.
THE CALLOUS-SPIRE Nass. Shell ovate, pale, encircled
with an ash band; spire sharp, transversely ridged,
furnished with nodose longitudinal plaits ; lip covered
with a large white callosity, the edge of which reaches
the spire; columella biplicate; lip thick, callous,
edged, much ridged within.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1851.
Hab. Island of Burias, Philippines (in coral sand at six
fathoms) ; Cuming.
A solid gibbous tuberculately species, finely reticulately
sculptured, with a wide-spread orbicular callosity.
Species 67. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa CRASSA.
aut flavescente, interdum ceruleo-fusco fasciatd ; spird
Nass. testé ovatd, crassa, solid, albidaé
brevi ; anfractibus superne concavo-declivibus, longitu-
dinaliter granuloso-plicatis, plicis subdistantibus, plus
minus evanidis ; apertura parca, columella labroque
valde callosis, callositate non expansa, fauce lirata.
Tur tuick Nassa. Shell ovate, thick, solid, whitish or
yellowish, sometimes banded with blue-brown ; spire
short; whorls coneavely slanting round the upper
part, longitudinally granulously plaited, plaits rather
distant, more or less fading; aperture small, lip and
columella very callous, callosity not spread, interior
ridged.
Buccinum crassum, Koch, Philippi Abbild. und Besch.
Conch. pl. 1. f. 4. p. 43.
Hab. China; Largilliert.
A solid species, in which the lip and columella are very
callous at the junction on the body-whorl, but the callosity
is not spread.
- ) -
»
+
ca
-
_
Nassa, Pus
NASSA.
Puiate XI.
Species 68. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa RAVIDA. Nass. testé ovatd, acuminata, subturritd,
rufescente, cingulis transversis granosis sculptd, granis
elongatis subquadratis in seriebus obliquis longitudina-
libus dispositis ; columellé rugosd, brevilaminatd, labro
denticulato.
Tue TAWNY Nassa. Shell ovate, acuminated, subtur-
reted, reddish, sculptured with transverse granose
belts, the grains being elongated and somewhat
square, disposed in oblique longitudinal rows ; colu-
mella rough, shortly laminated, lip denticulated.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. Island of Burias, Philippines (in coral sand at six
fathoms) ; Cuming.
The general aspect of this species, in respect of form
and sculpture, reminds one of a group of Mitra.
Species 69. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa Horripa. Nass. testa ovato-globosd, crassa, albida,
luteo et nigricante-fusco variegatd, transversim sulcatd,
longitudinaliter plicatd, plicis noduliferis, aspersis, sub-
muricatis ; aperturé subrotunda, columella laminatd,
labro lativaricoso.
Tue RruGGED Nassa. Shell ovately globose, thick,
whitish, variegated with yellow and blackish-brown,
transversely grooved, longitudinally plaited, plaits
noduliferous, rough, somewhat prickly ; aperture
nearly round, columella laminated, lip broadly vari-
cose.
Buccinum horridum, Dunker, Zeitschrift fir Malac. 1847,
p- 59.
Hab.
A small globose, prickly, plaited shell, variegated with
black and brown upon a white ground.
?
Species 70. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa varipeata. Nass. testd ovato-ventricosd, albido-
grisea, fusco variegatd, longitudinaliter striata, liris
transversis granosis subdistantibus ornatd, granis ro-
tundis in seriebus obliquis longitudinalibus dispositis ;
spird breviusculd, acutd, canaliculatd ; columella corru-
gatd, callo tenui expanso, labro margine crenato, fauce
liratd.
THE VARIEGATED Nassa. Shell ovately ventricose,
whitish-grey, variegated with brown, longitudinally
striated, ornamented with rather distant transverse
ridges of grains, grains rounded, disposed in oblique
longitudinal rows; spire rather short, sharp, chan-
nelled; columella wrinkled, with a thin expanded
lamina, lip crenated at the edge, interior ridged.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. Dalaguete, Island of Negros, Philippines; Cuming.
An elegantly formed, subventricose shell, strongly
grained throughout, and having a sharp channelled spire.
Species 71. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa CIRCUMCINCTA.
red, nitidd, dorso subgibbosd; spird brevissimd, obtusa ;
suturd fuscd ; columellé excavatd, callo peramplo eras-
sissimo albo, fusco marginato, usque ad apicem repando,
labro calloso, levi.
Tur GirDLED Nassa. Shell oblong-ovate, ash, shining,
rather gibbous at the back; spire very short, obtuse ;
suture brown; columella excavated, with a very large,
thick, white, brown-edged callosity, spread out as far
as the apex, lip callous, smooth.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. Red Sea.
Nass. testé oblongo-ovatd, cine-
A very singular and unique form of Nassa, having quite
the appearance of a Marginella.
Species 72. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa GRANIFERA. Nass. testd ovatd, crassi, albd, mu-
ricato-tuberculatd, tuberculis parvis distantibus regu-
laribus ; apertura parva, columella excavatd, callo per-
amplo albo usque ad apicem fere repando, labro weras-
sato.
THE GRANIFEROUS Nassa. Shell ovate, thick, white,
prickly tubercled, tubercles small, distant, regular ;
aperture small, columella excavated, with a large
white callosity, spread out nearly as far as the apex,
lip thickened.
Buccinum graniferum, Kiener, Icon. coq. vivantes, p. 100.
ak yes WL
Hab. Isle of Bohol, Philippines; Cuming.
December, 1853.
NASSA.—Puate XI.
A solid, white shell, finely prickly-tubercled through-
out, with a very thick callosity, reaching nearly to the
spire.
Species 73. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa MuRIcATA. Nass. testd ovato-globosd, lutescente,
violaceo-fusco tinctd, muricato-nodosd, nodis distanti-
bus, erectis ; aperturé parva, columella labroque sub-
callosis.
Tue prickty Nassa. Shell ovately globose, yellowish,
tinged with violet-brown, prickly nodose, nodules
rather distant, erect; aperture small, lip and colu-
mella rather callous.
Buccinum muricatum, Quoy and Gaimard, Zool. Voy. de
l’Astrolabe, vol. ii. p. 450. pl. 32. f. 82, 33.
Hab. New Ireland.
Prickly noduled like the preceding species, but destitute
of any spreading callosity.
Fig. 74. (Mus. Cuming.)
The specimen here figured proves to be a variety of N.
ravida, Fig. 68, of rather stouter growth and finer sculp-
ture, from Malacca.
. OF ow. _
= i. =
:
4
; +
2 i ;
H . :
7
* ‘ :
j
era
ay
*
'
c
Ww
&
]
wea
f
a
Nassa, LUX,
Sowerby, del et hth F. Reeve imp.
INV SP ANS
Puate XII.
Species 75. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa Grunert. Nass. testd ovato-acutd, crassiusculd,
albidd, livido seu spadiceo trifasciatd, plicis longitudi-
nalibus nodiferis sulcisque transversis decussatd, mu-
ricatd ; spird brevi, acutd ; anfractibus planiusculis,
superne angulatis ; columellé brevilaminatd, basi uni-
plicatd, labro crasso.
GruNneR’s Nassa. Shell ovately acute, rather thick,
whitish, encircled with three livid or fawn bands, de-
cussated with longitudinal nodiferous plaits and trans-
verse grooves, prickly; spire short, sharp; whorls
rather flat, angled at the upper part; columella
shortly laminated, one-plaited at the base, lip thick.
Buceinum Gruneri, Dunker, Zeitschrift fiir Malac. 1846.
05, alyiale
Hab. Philippine Islands ; Cuming.
A sharply prickly nodose species, having somewhat a
Ricinula aspect.
Species 76. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa PLANIcostata. Nass. testd subfusiformi-ovatd, ci-
nerett, interdum fascia rufescente-fuscd cingulata ; spirdé
breviusculd, acuta ; anfractibus longitudinaliter pli-
cato-costellatis, interstitiis concinne cancellatis, basi
sulcatis ; columella brevi-laminata ; aperturaé suban-
guste ovata, fauce liratd, labro incrassato, denticulato.
THE FLAT-RIBBED Nassa. Shell somewhat fusiformly
ovate, ash-coloured, sometimes encircled with a red-
dish band; spire rather short, sharp; whorls longi-
tudinally plicately fine-ribbed, interstices neatly lat-
ticed, grooved at the base ; columella short-laminated ;
aperture rather narrowly ovate, interior ridged, lip
thickened, denticulated.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. Payta, Peru (under stones at low water); Cuming.
The riblets become fainter as the shell increases in
growth, almost disappearing at the lip.
Species 77. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa ANTILLARUM. Nass. testd ovato-turrild, cinereo-
fused, flavo-fasciatd, oblique plicato-costatd, liris trans-
versis decussata ; anfractibus superne subconcavis, deinde
rotundatis ; columella subexpansd, basi contortd, labro
crasse varicoso.
THe West Inpra Nassa. Shell ovately turreted, ash-
brown, yellow-banded, obliquely plicately ribbed, de-
cussated with transverse ridges; whorls rather con-
cave round the upper part, then rounded; columella
slightly expanded, twisted at the base, lip thickly
varicose.
Buccinum Antillarum, Philippi, Zeitschrift fir Mala. 1848,
p. 139.
Hab. Cuba.
Sculptured obliquely with cross-ridged ribs, which are
somewhat distant in passing over the rounded portion of
the whorls.
Species 78. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa SEMIPLICATA. Nass. testd subacuminato-ovald,
lutescente-albd, rufo-fusco bifasciatd, longitudinaliter
plicato-costatd, costis tenuibus, in anfractu ultimo eva-
nidis ; columella brevilaminatd ; aperturé parva, sub-
rotundatd, labro crasse varicoso, margine minute den-
ticulato.
THE HALF-PLAITED Nassa. Shell somewhat acuminately
ovate, yellowish-white, encircled with two red-brown
bands, longitudinally plicately ribbed, ribs thin, fading
away in the last whorl; columella short-laminated :
aperture small, rather rounded, lip thickly varicose,
minutely denticled at the edge.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. Chusan; Benson.
A very characteristic Scalaria-like species.
Species 79. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa oBsoLeTa. Nass. testd ovatd, solidiusculd, oliva-
ceo-nigricante, apice erosd; spird brevi; anfractibus
convexo-planis, transversim tenuiliratis, liris superfici-
aris subirregularibus; apertura parviusculd, columella
excavatd, planatd, basi truncata, labro simplici.
THE opsoLeTe Nassa. Shell ovate, rather solid, olive-
blackish, eroded at the apex; spire short; whorls
convexly flat, transversely finely ridged, ridges super-
ficial, rather irregular; aperture rather small, colu-
mella excavated, flattened, truncated at the base, lip
simple.
Say, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. ii. p- 232.
December, 1853.
NASSA.—Puate XII.
Hab. New York.
Of a very distinct typical form, resembling Achatinella.
Species 80. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa succincta. Nass. testé acuminato-turritd, levi,
cinerascente, fasctis duabus rufescentibus cinctd ; anfrac-
tibus planulatis, supremis costellatis ; suturd subcanal-
culatd ; columellé subincrassatd, labro posticé inflexo,
antice valde sinuato et dentato, crassé varicoso, fauce
hrata.
THE BELTED Nassa. Shell acuminately turreted, smooth,
light ash, encircled with two reddish bands; whorls
flattened, the uppermost finely ribbed ; suture slightly
channelled ; columella rather thickened, lip posteriorly
reflected, anteriorly very much sinuated and toothed,
interior ridged.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. Island of Masbate, Philippines ; Cuming.
A smooth flat-whorled aciculated species, encircled with
red-brown bands upon a yellowish ground.
Species 81. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa vIBEX. Nass. testd ovatd, crassiusculd, cinered,
zonulis fuscis et ceruleis cingulaté ; anfractibus su-
perné angulatis, longitudinaliter plicatis, plicis liris
muricato-nodosis decussatis ; aperturd parviusculd, co-
lumella subexcavati, labro simplici.
THE BLACK AND BLUE Nassa. Shell ovate, rather thick,
ash, encircled with brown and blue zones; whorls
angled round the upper part, longitudinally plaited;
plates decussated with prickly nodose ridges; aper-
ture rather small, columella slightly excavated, lip
simple.
Say, American Conchology, pl. 57.
Hab. Island of Masbate, Philippines; Cuming.
A prickly Ricinula-like species, allied to N. Gruneri.
Nassa, [UX
werkry del « } F Reeve amr
NAS S A.
Prate XIII.
Species 82. (Mus. Cuming.)
NASSA CONCINNA.
pallide fulvd, fasciis saturatioribus cinctd, longitudi-
Nass. testd ovato-conied, peracutd,
naliter creberrimeé undato-plicatd, striis impressis con-
fertis eleganter decussatd ; anfractibus rotundatis, gra-
nulis moniliformibus ad suturas ; apertura ovali, colu-
mellé subrugosd, labro crassé varicoso, fauce liratd.
Tue prevry Nassa. Shell ovately conical, very sharp,
light fulvous, encircled with darker bands, longitudi-
nally very closely wave-plaited, elegantly decussated
with close-set impressed strize; whorls rounded, with
a necklace of grains at the sutures; aperture oval,
columella rather rough, lip thickly varicose, interior
ridged.
Powis, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1835, p. 95.
Hab. Toobouai, Polynesia (on the reefs) ; Cuming.
A pretty, close, concentric wave-ridged shell, with a
thick white varix behind the lip.
Species 83. (Mus. Cuming.)
NASSA FOVEOLATA.
longitudinaliter dense plicato - costellatd, interstitiis
Nass. testé oblongo-ovatd, albida,
cancellatis ; columella subrugosd, labro varicoso.
Tu prttep Nassa. Shell oblong-ovate, whitish, longi-
tudinally densely plicately fine-ribbed, interstices can-
cellated; columella subrugose, lip varicose.
Dunker, MSS. (Mus. Cuming.)
Hab. ?
A cancellated species, allied to the preceding, with the
longitudinal riblets less close together.
Species 84. (Mus. Cuming.)
NAssA LEPTOSPIRA.
spird productd, acutd, lutescente-cinered, longitudina-
Nass. testé ovata, dorso gibbosd ;
liter plicatd, interstitiis cancellatis, basi liratd ; colu-
mellé corrugatd, callo luteo crasso late repando, fauce
lirata.
THE THIN-SPIRED Nassa. Shell ovate, gibbous at the
back; spire produced, sharp, yellowish-ash, longitu-
dinally plaited, interstices cancellated, ridged at the
base; columella wrinkled, with a thick wide-spread
yellow callosity, interior ridged.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. Uo Ilo, Isle of Panay, Philippines (on mud-banks at
low water) ; Cuming.
A gibbose, close, concentrically plaited species, with a
wide-spread callosity and sharp apex.
Fig. 85. (Mus. Cuming.)
A delicate, pink-freckled variety of N. gaudiosa, de-
scribed at Plate VIII.
Species 86. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa Mrea. Nass. testd ovato-turritd, longitudinaliter
oblique plicatd, lincis impressis cingulatd, lutescente
aut rosaced ; apertura parvd, subrotundd, columellé
brevilaminata, fauce lirata.
Tue Mrea Nassa. Shell ovately turreted, longitudinally
obliquely plaited, encircled with impressed lines, yel-
lowish or pink; aperture small, somewhat rounded,
columella short-laminated, interior ridged.
Le Miga, Adanson, Voy. au Sénégal, pl. 8. f. 10.
Buccinum Miga, Bruguicre.
Nassa Miga, Deshayes.
Hab. Coasts of Barbary and West Africa.
The plaited ribs of this species run obliquely from right
to left, not from left to right, as is commonly the case.
Species 87. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa Gavi. Nass. testd ovato-angustd, acuminatd, fus-
cescente, longitudinaliter plicatd, transversim striata,
granulosé ; anfractibus conveviusculis, ad suturas mar-
ginatis ; columella vix callosd ; apertura parvd, alba,
ovata, fauce lirata.
Gay’s Nassa. Shell ovately narrow, acuminated, brown-
ish, longitudinally pleated, transversely striated, gra-
nulated; whorls rather convex, margined at the su-
tures ; columella scarcely callous; aperture small,
white, ovate, interior ridged.
Krener, Icon. coq. vivantes, p. 71. pl. 21. f. 79.
Hab. Coast of Peru.
A brown, acuminated, grain-plaited species, with a small
aperture.
Species 88. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa vipa. Nass. testd subglobosd, crassa, longitudina-
liter plicatd, plicis subdistantibus, conspicue granosis,
lutescente-albd, cinereo unifasciatd ; spird brevi; an-
Sractibus superne concavo-indentatis ; aperturd pared,
columella brevilaminatd, subrugosda.
Tue Trusty Nassa. Shell subglobose, thick, longitudi-
nally plaited, plaits rather distant, conspicuously gra-
nose, yellowish-white, encircled with an ash band ;
spire short; whorls concavely indented round the
upper part; aperture small, columella short-lami-
nated, subrugose.
?
Hab.
A small, stout, rather prickly grained shell, each whorl
being concavely indented below the suture.
December, 1853.
Nassa, PULXTV.
NASSA.
Piate XIV.
Species 89. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa sertuna. Nass. testé acuminato-ovatd, levi, ni-
tidd, rufescente-fulvd, albo nebulosd ; anfractibus con-
veviusculis, prope apicem tenuiplicatis ; columella bre-
vilaminata, labro subincrassato, varicoso, fauce lirata.
THE MEDLICOT NaAssa.
shining, reddish-fulvous, clouded with white; whorls
rather convex, finely plaited near the apex ; columella
short-laminated, lip rather thickened, varicose, inte-
rior ridged.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soe. March 1851.
Hab. Island of Masbate, Philippines (on the reefs); Cu-
ming.
Shell acuminately ovate, smooth,
Of a smooth, shining, rusty-brown aspect, relieved by a
few white wave-spots.
Species 90. (Mus. Cuming.)
NAssa PULCHELLA.
albidd, luteo variegatd, rufo-fusco vittatd, longitudina-
Nass. testé acuminato-turritd, nitidd,
liter plicato-costatd, costis flecuosis, subdistantibus, su-
perneé obsolete nodulosis, columella tenuicallosd ; aper-
turd pared, labro varicoso.
Tue prerry Nassa. Shell acuminately turreted, shining,
whitish, variegated with yellow, filleted with reddish-
brown, longitudinally plicately ribbed, ribs flexuous,
rather distant, obsoletely noduled at the upper part ;
columella thinly callous; aperture small, lip varicose.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. Cape of Good Hope.
A delicately red-filleted, turreted shell, with the ribs
waving flexuously from right to left.
Fig. 91. (Mus. Cuming.)
The shell here figured is the original type of VV. concinna,
Powis, described in the preceding Plate.
Species 92. (Mus. Cuming.)
NaAssa TIARULA. Nass. testd ovata, lutescente-albd, inter-
dum pallidé fasciatd ; spird acutd ; anfractibus obso-
leté striatis, superne angulatis, ad angulum nodoso-tu-
berculatis ; columelld callo subrepando, labro crassé
varicoso.
THE LITTLE TURBAN Nassa. Shell ovate, vellowish-
white, sometimes faintly banded ; spire sharp; whorls
obsoletely striated, angled round the upper part, no-
dosely tubercled at the angle; columella with a some-
what spread callosity, lip thickly varicose.
“Krenrr, Icon. coq. vivantes, p. 111. pl. 30. f. 4.
Hab. Madagascar.
Chiefly distinguished by its crown of nodose tubercles.
Species 93. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa ZONALIS. Nass. testd ovatd, crassa, levigata, lutes-
cente-alba, purpureo-castaneo vivide trizonatd, ad sutu-
ras subobsoleté plicato-nodulosa, basi sulcatd; apertura
pared, fauce liratd, columella callosd, labro incrassato.
TuE ZONED Nassa. Shell ovate, thick, smooth, yellow-
ish-white, encircled with three deep purple-chestnut
bands, rather obsoletely plicately noduled at the su-
tures, grooved at the base; aperture small, interior
ridged, columella callous, lip thickened.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. \sland of Ticao, Philippines (on the reefs) ; Cuming.
A solid, purple-chestnut, banded species, having some-
what the aspect of a Tornatella.
Fig. 94. (Mus. Cuming.)
A variety of N. planicostata, Sp. 76, in which the ribs
are larger, and of a peculiar livid aspect.
Species 95. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa LIRELLA. Nass. testd ovatd, crassiusculd, albidd,
Serrugineo-fusco obscuré maculata, longitudinaliter no-
doso-plicatd, plicis subjlecuosis, striis impressis trans-
versis decussatis ; anfractibus sulco prope suturas cin-
gulatis ; apertura parva, columellé crassé callosd, la-
bro varicoso.
THE LITTLE HARP Nassa. Shell ovate, rather tiick,
whitish, obscurely blotched with rust-brown, longi-
tudinally nodosely plicated, plaits slightly flexuous,
decussated with impressed striz ; whorls encircled
near the sutures with a groove; aperture small, co-
lumella thickly callous, lip varicose.
Beck, MSS. Mus. Cuming.
Hab. ——?
The specimen here figured is not in very good couddition,
but it is characteristic in form and sculpture.
December, 1853.
LOXV,
Vassa
2
/
H
98
2.
Ns
SS
~
104 ©
10%,
F Reeve, 3 ap
INCARSiS VAC.
PuatE XV.
Species 96. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa sorpipa. Nass. testd ovatd, albidd, fuscescente
fasciatd ; spird subacutd, sutura canaliculatd ; longitu-
dinaliter costatd, costis acutis, numerosis, lineis im-
pressis decussatis ; columell@ calloso-laminatd, lubro
subincrassato.
Tur sorprp Nassa. Shell ovate, whitish, banded with
light brown; spire rather sharp, suture channelled ;
longitudinally ribbed, ribs sharp, numerous, decus-
sated with impressed lines; columella callously lami-
nated, lip rather thickened.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. Island of Siquijor, Philippines (on the reefs); Cu-
ming.
A close-ribbed species rather impressed at the sutures,
with very much the aspect of a Cancellaria.
Species 97. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa Nopicostata. Nass. testa ovato-conicd, albidd,
fascia pallidé fulod interruptd cinctd ; anfractibus
planulatis, superné angulatis, longitudinaliter costatis,
costis angustis, distantibus, peculiariter nodulatis ; co-
lumellaé excavatd, labro subincrassato, varicoso.
THE KNOTTED-RIBBED Nassa. Shell ovately conical,
whitish, encircled with a light fulvous interrupted
band; ribs flattened, angled round the upper part,
longitudinally ribbed, ribs narrow, distant, peculiarly
noduled; columella excavated, lip rather thickened,
varicose.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. Island of Corrigidor, Philippines (in coarse sand at
six fathoms) ; Cuming.
This pretty species, like the preceding, has very much
the aspect of a Cancellaria.
Species 98. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa TEGULA. Nass. testd ovato-conicd, subgibbosd, levi,
nigricante-cinered, fascid lutescente cinctd ; spird brevi-
usculd, acutd ; anfractibus superné angulatis, ad angu-
lum tuberculatis ; apertura parva, columellé arcuatd,
callositate tenui repando, labro crassé varicoso.
Tue state Nassa. Shell ovately conical, rather gibbous,
smooth, blackish-ash, encircled with a yellowish band ;
spire rather short, sharp; whorls angled at the upper
part, tubercled at the angle; aperture small, columella
arched, with a thin spread callosity ; lip thickly vari-
cose,
Hab,
A gibbous tubercled species of a peculiar livid slate-
colour, encircled with a yellowish band.
?
Species 99. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa coronuta. Nass. testé ovato-conicd, olivaceo-ci-
nered, albifasciata ; spird brevi ; anfractibus ad suturas
angulatis, longitudinaliter costatis, costis distantibus,
solidis, ad angulum obtuse nodatis, albidis ; aperturd
minuta, columella callosd, rugosi, labro incrassato,
Sauce lirata.
THE LITTLE CROWN Nassa. Shell ovately conical, olive-
ash, white-banded, spire short; whorls angled at the
sutures, longitudinally ribbed, ribs distant, solid, ob-
tusely noduled at the angles, whitish ; aperture very
small, columella callous, rugose, lip thickened, inte-
rior ridged.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. Island of Corrigidor, Philippines (under stones at
low water); Cuming.
A very solid wide-ribbed species, with somewhat the
aspect of a miniature Volute.
Species 100. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa ALBESCENS.
convexis, plicis tenuibus longitudinalibus obliquis liris-
Nass. test ovata, alba ; anfractibus
que transversis dense noduloso-cancellatis ; columella
excavatd, callositate subrepandé, fauce incrassata, li-
rata, labro simplici.
Tut wuitisH Nassa. Shell ovate, white; whorls con-
vex, densely nodulously cancellated with thin longi-
tudinal oblique plaits and transverse ridges ; columella
excavated, with a slightly spread callosity, interior
thickened, lip simple.
Buccinum albescens, Dunker, Philippi, Abbild. und Besch.
Conch. p. 68. pl. 2. f. 15.
Hab. West Indies.
A delicate opake white shell, densely cancellated through-
out.
December, 1853.
NASSA.—Puats XV.
Species 101. (Mus. Cuming.)
“NASSA EXILIS.
vel purpureo-nigricante obscure fasciatd ; spird acumi-
natd ; anfractibus longitudinaliter plicato-costatis, cos-
tis flexuosis, ad suturas granulatis ; apertura parva,
parum callosd, labro incrassato.
THE SLENDER Nassa. Shell cylindrically ovate, ob-
scurely banded with olive or purple-black; spire
acuminated ; whorls longitudinally plicately ribbed,
ribs flexuous, granulated at the sutures; aperture
small, but little callous, lip thickened.
5 5 4 ||
Nass. testa cylindraceo-ovata, olivaced |
Powis, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1835, p. 95.
Hab. Payta, Peru (under stones); Cuming.
A livid dark species, of a cylindrically ovate form, deli-
cately flexuously ribbed.
fig. 102. (Mus. Cuming.)
A characteristic variety of N. pauperata represented at
Plate VI. Sp. 27.
Nass Dh, Ta LE,
709.
Sowerby, delet Lith F Reeve uaap
NASSA.
Puate XVI.
Species 103. (Mus. Cuming.)
NasSSA MACULATA.
politd, lineis impressis distantibus cingulatd, alba, ma-
culis rufo-fuscis longitudinaliter flexuosis bifasciatim
cincté ; apertura pared, fauce liratd, columella brevi-
laminatd, basi plicaté et subproductd, labro varicoso.
THE BLoTCHED Nassa. Shell narrowly acuminated,
smooth, polished, encircled with distant impressed
lines, white, encircled with two bands of longitudi-
nally flexuous red-brown spots; aperture small, in-
terior ridged, columella short-laminated, plaited and
rather produced at the base, lip varicose.
Aciculina maculata, A. Adams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March
1851.
Hab. Isle of Luzon, Philippines (in muddy sand at low
water) ; Cuming.
Nass. testi angusté acuminata, levi,
A polished Zulina-like species, faintly spotted with
brown.
Species 104. (Mus. Cuming.)
NAsSA TERETIUSCULA. Nass. testd subturritd, lutescente
aut cinereo-olivaced, fascia aut lined rufa cingulata,
levi, nitidd, longitudinaliter plicatd ; aperturdé parva,
columella brevi-laminatd, labro varicoso.
THE SUBTERETE Nassa. Shell subturreted, yellowish or
ash-olive, encircled with a red band or line, smooth,
shining, longitudinally plaited ; aperture small, colu-
mella short-laminated, lip varicose.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. Eastern Seas.
A small, shining, subtransparent shell, of an ash-olive
colour, encircled with a red line or band.
Species 105. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa DEALBATA. Nass. testdé subacuminato-conicd, opaco-
alba, fascia pallide luted cinetd, liris transversis et lon-
gitudinalibus confertim noduloso-reticulatd, sulco infra
suturas ; columella brevilaminatd ; aperturd pared,
fauce liratd, labro varicoso.
Tue wutrenep Nassa. Shell somewhat acuminately
conical, opake-white, encircled with a faint yellowish
band, closely nodulously reticulated with longitudinal
and transyerse ridges, with a groove beneath the
sutures; columella short-laminated ; aperture small,
interior ridged, lip varicose.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. Dumaguete, Isle of Negros, Philippines (in black
coarse sand at eleven fathoms) ; Cuming.
Sculptured throughout with a strong closely reticulated
pattern.
Species 106. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa compta. Nass. testd ovato-conicd, subacuminald,
Julvo-rufescente, prope suturas pallidé variegatd ; an-
Jractibus convewis, levibus, prope apicem costellatis ;
columella callosd, labro subcalloso, fauce liratd.
THE NEAT Nassa.
minated, fulvous-red, palely variegated near the su-
tures; whorls convex, smooth, finely ribbed near the
apex; columella callous, lip rather callous, interior
ridged.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. Cape St. Antonio, Africa.
A smooth, fulvous-brown shell, faintly blotched with
lighter colour at the sutures.
Shell ovately conic, somewhat acu-
Species 107. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa cerotina. Nass. testd acuminato-turrita, lutes-
cente-rosed, longitudinaliter plicato-costatd, interstitus
obsolete clathratis, anfractu ultimo basi bilirato ; aper-
turd parva, columella subcallosd, labro varicoso.
THE WAXEN NaAssa. Shell acuminately turreted, yellow-
ish-rose, longitudinally plicately ribbed, interstices
obsoletely latticed, last whorl two-ridged at the base ;
aperture small, columella subcallous, lip varicose.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. Australia.
A narrow, acuminated shell, obliquely longitudinally
ribbed throughout with a delicate, yellowish-pink, waxen
aspect.
Species 108. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa PALLIDULA. Nass. testa ovatd, ventricosd, pallida,
maculis fuscescentibus obscure bifasciatd ; spird sub-
acuminata, suturis anguste canaliculatis ; anfractibus
plano-convexis, levibus, basi sulcatis ; columella arcu-
December, 1853.
NASSA.—Puate XVI.
atd, superné callositate pared instructd, fauce liratd,
labro subexpanso, crassé varicoso.
Tur pALe Nassa. Shell ovate, ventricose, pale, obscurely
tinged with two bands of light brown spots; spire
rather acuminated ; sutures narrowly channelled ;
whorls flatly convex, smooth, grooved at the base;
columella arched, furnished at the upper part with a
small callosity, interior ridged, lip rather expanded,
thickly varicose.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soe. March 1851.
Hab. Malacca (in coarse sand at ten fathoms); Cuming.
A smooth, pale, subventricose species, with the spire
delicately channelled.
Species 109. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa LUCTUOSA.
Nass. testdé acuminato-ovatd, purpureo-
nigra, transversim tenuisulcatd, prope apicem longitu-
dinaliter plicaté ; anfractibus planulatis, ad suturas
irregulariter noduloso-marginatis ; apertura pared,
fauce liratd, columella labroque crassé callosis.
THE MOURNING Nassa. Shell acuminately ovate, pur-
ple-black, transversely finely ridged, longitudinally
plaited near the apex; whorls flattened, irregularly
nodulously margined at the sutures; aperture small,
interior ridged, lip and columella thickly callous.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab, Cagayan, Isle of Mindanao, Philippines (under stones
on the reefs) ; Cuming.
A very dark purple-black solid species, finely trans-
versely grooved throughout, and irregularly nodulously
margined at the sutures.
= v
3
' = + 7
-
I
o
i
Nassa, FUXVIL,
M3 113.8
116.
Sowerby, del.et hth. F. Reeve,mmp.
(B relarged ‘one tourth,/
bee ee ert ete
Puate XVII.
Species 110. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa versicotor. Nass. testd ovato-conicd, lutescente,
ad basin fascid rufo-fuscd cingulata ; sutura nigricante-
fusca; anfractibus rotundatis, transversim striatis,
longitudinaliter fortiter costatis ; apertura parva, co-
lumelld subcallosd, labro varicoso.
THE VARICOLOURED Nassa, Shell ovately conic, yel-
lowish, encircled with a broad red-brown band at the
base ; suture blackish-brown ; whorls rounded, trans-
versely striated, longitudinally strongly ribbed ; aper-
ture small, columella rather callous, lip varicose.
C. B. Apams, Cat. Shells of Panama, p. 66.
Hab, Panama.
Sculptured throughout with strong ribs over rounded
whorls.
Species 111. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa COMPLANATA. Nass. testd ovatd, olivaced vel ci-
nered, luteo-fasciaté, lonyitudinaliter oblique granoso-
plicaté ; anfractu ultimo plus minus complanato ; aper-
turd parva, fauce liratd, columella simplici, labro va-
ricoso.
Tue smootH Nassa. Shell ovate, olive or ash, banded
with yellow, longitudinally obliquely granosely plaited;
last whorl more or less smooth ; aperture small, inte-
rior ridged, columella simple, lip varicose.
Powis, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1835, p. 96.
Hab. Atacamas, West Columbia (under stones) ; Cuming.
Obliquely grain-plaited from the apex downwards, the
plaits partially disappearing on the last whorl.
Fig. 112. (Mus. Cuming.)
This shell, which is the type of N. rufocincta, A.
Adams, is a variety of NV. versicolor, C. B. Adams, figured
above it.
Species 113. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa SINUSIGERA.
culd, obliqua, albidd, rufo-fusco tincta et vittatd, longi-
Nass. testé ovato-conicd, solidius-
tudinaliter costatd, costis subflecuosis, ad suturas gra-
nulatis ; columella callosd et rugosa, apertura pared,
fauce liratd, superné sinuatd, labro varicoso, inferne
sinuato.
THE stINuaTED Nassa.
solid, oblique, whitish, stained and filleted with red-
brown, longitudinally ribbed, ribs slightly flexuous,
granulated at the sutures; columella callous and
wrinkled, aperture small, interior ridged, sinuated at
the upper part, lip varicose, sinuated at the lower part.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Shell ovately conical, rather
Hab. Island of Samar, Philippines (in coarse sand at eight
fathoms) ; Cuming.
A very characteristic species, peculiar both in form and
sculpture.
Species 114. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa incrassavTa. Nass. testd conico-turritd, fulves-
cente-luted, castaneo plus minus fasciatd ; anfractibus
rotundatis, longitudinaliter costatis, transversim nodu-
loso-liratis ; apertura parviuseuld, columellé arcuata,
callosd, labro peculiariter prominenté varicoso.
THE THICKENED Nassa. Shell conically turreted, ful-
vous yellow, more or less banded with chestnut ;
whorls rounded, longitudinally ribbed, transversely
nodulously ridged; aperture rather small, columella
arched, callous, lip peculiarly prominently varicose.
Tritonium incrassatum, Miller, Zoologia Danica, Pro-
drome, No. 2946.
Murex incrassatus, Gmelin.
Nassa incrassata, Deshayes.
Buccinum minutum, Pennant.
Buccinum macula, Montagu.
Buccinum Ascanias, Bruguicre.
Buccinum asperulum, Philippi.
Buceinum Lacepedii, Payraudeau.
Hab. Seas of Europe.
This well-known European species is peculiarly distin-
guished by the prominent development of the varix bor-
dering the lip.
Fig. 115. (Mus. Cuming.)
A characteristic dwarf variety of N. Aitillarum described
at Plate XII.
Species 116. (Mus. Cuming.)
NassA SEMIGRANOSA. Nass. testé ovato-conicd, albd,
luteo interdum variegatd, nitidd ; anfractibus trans-
versim tenuissimé striatis, prope suturas longitudinali-
ter plicatis, plicis superne bi-tri-tuberculatis ; aperturd
ovatd, columella subcallosd, levigatd, labro varicoso.
THE HALF-GRAINED Nassa. Shell ovate conical, white,
sometimes variegated with yellow, shining; whorls
transversely very finely striated, longitudinally plaited
near the sutures, plaits two-three-tubercled at the
upper part; aperture ovate, columella rather callous,
smooth, lip varicose.
Buecinum semigranosun, Dunker, Zeitschrift fiir Malae.
1846, p. 170.
Hab. ?
A shining ivory-like shell, in which the longitudinal
plaits are broken up next the sutures into granules.
December, 1853.
— 1 o~ I
Oe
.
:
+. ’
> ¢ 7 =
Tis cond if row! ial Ce
7 w
ot (espepi
: Y erp
Massa, LUXVULL.
F Reeve, ima
al
NASSA.
Prate XVIII.
Species 117. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa Festiva. Nass. testd ovatd, crassa, albd aut c@-
rulescente, nigro-fusco tincta et lineatd, longitudinaliter
subrudeé nodoso-costatd, transversim sulcatd ; apertura
ovata, fauce valde liratd, columelld brevilaminatd, labro
crassé varicoso.
THE PLEASANT Nassa. Shell ovate, thick, white or
bluish, stained and lineated with black-brown, longi-
tudinally rather rudely nodosely ribbed, transversely
grooved; aperture ovate, interior strongly ridged,
columella short-laminated, lip thickly varicose.
Powts, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1835, p. 95.
Hab. Panama and St. Elena (in sandy mud in six to ten
fathoms) ; Cuming.
A fine solid species conspicuously noduled throughout,
the nodules being white upon the dark ground of the in-
terstices.
Species 118. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa VARICIFERA. Nass. testd subelongato-turritd, al-
bida, fasciis duabus ferrugineo-fuscis cingulatd ; spird
easertd, sutura subcanaliculatd ; anfractibus planius-
ceulis, transversim dense impresso-striatis, longitudina-
liter crebriplicatis, varice crasso calloso hic illic in-
structis ; apertura parvd, fauce denticulatd, columella
arcuatd, basi contort, labro varicoso.
THE varicose Nassa. Shell somewhat elongately tur-
reted, whitish, encircled with two rust-brown bands ;
spire exserted, suture slightly channelled; whorls
rather flat, transversely densely impressly striated,
longitudinally closely plaited, furnished here and there
with a thick varix; aperture small, interior denticu-
lated, columella arched, twisted at the base, lip vari-
cose.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soe. March 1851.
Hab. Kastern Seas.
This singular Scalaria-like species partakes very much
of the character of Triton.
Species 119. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa MYRISTICA.
solidd, sordidé alba, fusco lineatd ; spird elevatd ; an-
fractibus rotundatis, oblique longitudinaliter costatis,
Nass. testé globoso-acuminaté, crassa,
costis fortibus, rotundatis, liris transversis filiformibus
nitide decussatis ; aperturd parviusculd, valde liratd,
columella labroque crassé callosis.
THE NurmEG Nassa. Shell globosely acuminated, thick,
solid, dirty white, lineated with brown; spire raised ;
whorls rounded, obliquely longitudinally ribbed, ribs
strong, rounded, neatly crossed with transverse fili-
form ridges; aperture rather small, strongly ridged,
hip and columella thickly callous.
Hips, Moll. Voy. Sulphur, pl. 9. f. 10 and 11.
Hab. Cape of Good Hope; Hinds.
A very characteristic solid subglobose species, strongly
obliquely ribbed, the ribs being crossed at regular intervals
with painted thread-like ridges.
Species 120. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa Trrrontrormis. Nass.
basi contortd, livido-cinered, fusco hic illic tinctd ;
4 : es
testa acuminato-conicé,
longitudinaliter plicato-costellatd, liris transversis no-
doso-reticulatd, nodis albidis ; apertura parva, fauce
valde liratd, columellé arcuatd, tenuilaminatd, corru-
gata, labro enormiter varicoso.
Tue Triron-sHapep Nassa. Shell acuminately conic,
twisted at the base, livid-ash, stained here and there
with brown; longitudinally plicately ribbed, nodosely
reticulated with transverse ridges, nodules white ;
aperture small, interior strongly ridged, columella
arched, thinly laminated and wrinkled, lip enormously
varicose.
KiEnER, Icon. coq. vivantes, p. 108. pl. 30. f. 2.
Hab. Island of Luzon, Philippines (on mud-banks); Cu-
ming.
Belonging to the same peculiar type of the genus as the
European N. incrassata.
Species 121. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa pecussata. Nass. testd ovato-conicd, basi con-
tortd, albidd, fusco tinctd et obscure fasciatd ; anfrac-
tibus medio angulatis, transversim filoso-liratis, longitu-
dinaliter plicato-costatis, costis ad angulum compresso-
nodatis ; apertura rotundatd, fauce liratd, columella
calloso-laminatd, labro varicoso.
December, 1853.
NASSA.—Puate XVIII.
THE DECUSSATED Nassa. Shell ovately conical, twisted
at the base, whitish, stained and obscurely banded
with brown; whorls angled in the middle, trans-
versely thread-ridged, longitudinally plait-ribbed, ribs
compressly noduled at the angle; aperture rounded,
interior ridged, columella callously laminated, lip
varicose.
KIENER, Icon. coq. vivantes, p. 109. pl. 30. f. 3.
Hab. Brisbane Water, East Australia; Strange.
More angular and less varicose than the preceding
species.
Species 122. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa NIVEA. Nass. test@ pyramidali-conicd, candidé ;
spird acuta, suturad impressd ; anfractibus planulatis,
longitudinaliter subdistanter plicatis, transversim sul-
catis ; apertura parva, fauce liratd, columella lamind
callosa, labro simplici.
Tue sNowy Nassa. Shell pyramidally conical, white ;
spire sharp, suture impressed ; whorls flattened, longi-
tudinally rather distantly plaited, transversely grooved;
aperture small, interior ridged, columella with a callous
lamina, lip simple.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. Batangas, Island of Luzon, Philippines (in coarse
sand at twenty-one fathoms) ; Cuming.
A solid colourless pyramidally conical species, sculptured
with gentle ripple-like plaits, crossed with numerous linear
grooves.
Species 123. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa PoLyGonata. Nass. testd globoso-conied, crassd,
albidd, fusco-rubente tinctd et lineata ; spird aculd ; an-
Sractibus rotundatis, longitudinaliter plicato-costatis,
transversim filoso-liratis ; aperturd pared, fortiter li-
rata, columella laminatd et plicatd, labro vald? in-
crassato, varicoso.
THE MANY-ANGLED Nassa. Shell globosely conical,
thick, whitish, stained and lineated with brown-red ;
spire sharp; whorls rounded, longitudinally plicately
ribbed, transversely thread-ridged ; aperture small,
strongly ridged, columella laminated and plaited, lip
very thickened, varicose.
Lamarck, Anim. sans vert. (Deshayes’ edit.) vol. 10. p.
184.
Hab. Isle of Camiguing, Philippines (in sandy mud at
thirty fathoms) ; Cuming.
A solid globose species, approaching in general aspect a
well-known form of Cancellaria.
VG %
Sowerby, del.et. hth
s
Mh Le.
/KO.
Nass a
_LTXLX.
/ Reeve,
mm)
N ASS A:
Pirate XIX.
Species 124. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa Bapia. Nass. testd ovato-acuminatd, levi, nitidd,
castaned ; anfractibus planis, supremis longitudinaliter
plicatis, anfractu ultimo transversim obsolete striato ;
columella simplici, vix callost, labro varicoso, intus
denticulato.
THE BROWN Nassa. Shell ovately acuminated, smooth,
shining, chestnut; whorls flat, the uppermost longi-
tudinally plaited, last whorl transversely obsoletely
striated ; columella simple, slightly callous, lip vari-
cose, denticulated within.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. (sland of Luzon, Philippines (on the reefs) ; Cuming.
A solid brown acuminated shell, with no sculpture ex-
cept near the apex.
Species 125. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa CLATHRATULA. Nass. testd ovatd, nived; spird
acutd ; anfractibus convexis, longitudinaliter costatd,
costis muricato-nodulosis, interstitiis valdé clathratis ;
columella brevilaminata; apertura pared, fauce fortiter
liratd, labro incrassato.
Tue tatticep Nassa. Shell ovate, snow-white; spire
acute; whorls convex, longitudinally ribbed, ribs
prickly nodulous, interstices strongly latticed ; co-
lumella short-laminated; aperture small, interior
strongly ridged, lip thickened.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soe. March 1851.
Hab. Island of Siquijor, Philippines (in sandy mud, deep
water) ; Cuming.
Peculiarly characterized by the very strong latticed
sculpture in the interstices between the ribs.
Species 126. (Mus. Cuming.)
NAssaA CINNAMOMEA.
namomed, levi, nitidd, tenui, subpellucida ; anfractibus
Nass. testé ovato-acuminatd, cin-
convevis, ad suturas tenuimarginatis ; columella sim-
plici, labro varicoso, intus obsolete denticulato.
THe cinnamon Nassa. Shell ovately acuminated, cin-
namon, smooth, shining, thin, somewhat transparent ;
whorls convex, finely margined at the sutures; colu-
mella simple, lip varicose, obsoletely denticulated
within.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. Isle of Negros, Philippines (under stones at low
water) ; Cuming.
A light subtransparent cinnamon-brown shell, smooth
throughout.
Species 127. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa Fuscata. Nass. testd@ ovati, fused ; spird acumi-
nata ; anfractibus conveviusculis, longitudinaliter pli-
catis, transversim liratis, plicis ad liras tuberculatis,
interstitiis lineatis ; columella rugosa, labro incrassato,
intus dentato.
Tue BRowN Nassa. Shell ovate, brown; spire acumi-
nated; whorls rather convex, longitudinally plaited,
transversely ridged, plaits tuberculated on the ridges,
interstices lineated; columella wrinkled, lip thick-
ened, toothed within.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. ?
Approximating more to the ordinary type of Buccinum
than of Nassa.
Species 128. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa mitratts. Nass. testd fusiformi-conicd, fusca,
levigatd, prope apicem et pone labrum plicata, basi
sulcatd ; suturd tenuimarginatd ; columella simplici,
labro intus incrassato,
THE MITRE-LIKE Nassa. Shell fusiform, conical, brown,
smooth, plaited near the apex and behind the lip,
grooved at the base; suture thinly margined; colu-
mella simple, lip thickened within#
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soe. March 1851.
Hab. Isle of Negros, Philippines (on mud-banks); Cu-
ming.
Plaited near the apex, then smooth, then plaited again
behind the lip.
Species 129. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa VARIABILIS.
cente-alba, nitente, fascid rufescente cingulatda, longitu-
Nass. test@ acuminato-ovatd, lutes-
dinaliter flexuoso-plicatd, transversim impresso-striata ;
columella calloso-laminatd, subexcavata, labro simplict,
fauce liratd.
December, 1853.
NASSA.—Ptratr XIX.
Tur VARIABLE Nassa. Shell acuminately ovate, yel-
: lowish-white, shining, encircled with a reddish band,
longitudinally flexuously plaited, transversely im-
pressly striated ; columella callously laminated, rather
excavated, lip simple, interior ridged.
Puriiprr, Mus. Cuming.
Hab. ——?
A pale solid species, flexuously plaited and encircled with
a characteristic red band.
Species 130. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa DENTIFERA. Nass. testd ovatd, subventricosd, oli-
vaceo-fuscd, zonula alba cingulaté, longitudinaliter no-
doso-plicata, interstitiis levibus ; columella brevilami-
nata, labro simplici, varicoso.
THE TOOTHED Nassa. Shell ovate, subventricose, olive-
brown, encircled with a whitish zone, longitudinally
nodosely plaited, interstices smooth ; columella short-
laminated, lip simple, varicose.
Powis, Pro. Zool. Soc. 1835, p. 95.
Hab. Bay of Arica, South America (in mud at ten
fathoms) ; Powis.
The longitudinal plaits are very concentrically inclined
in this species, and are characteristically noduled through-
out.
Nassa, LUXX.
156%
Sowerby, del. et.hth. F Reeve,amp.
( Eniarged one tourlh. )
NASSA.
Puate XX.
Species 131. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa ECHINATA. Nass. testé ovatd, albidd ; anfractibus
planiusculis, superne declivi-angulatis, longitudinaliter
tenuiplicatis, plicis lateraliter appressis et echinato-
nodosis ; apertura parva, columella callositate pared,
labro incrassato, varicoso.
Tue prickLty Nassa. Shell ovate, whitish; whorls
rather flat, slantingly angled round the upper part,
longitudinally thinly plaited, plaits laterally appressed
and prickly nodose ; aperture small, with a small cal-
losity, lip thickened, varicose.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. Isle of Mindoro, Philippines (in sandy mud at three
fathoms) ; Cuming.
The thin longitudinal plaits are peculiarly appressed on
one side, and fall in prickly festoons.
Species 132. (Mus. Cuming.)
NaSSA GEMMULIFERA.
aut cinerascente, fusco tinctd et fasciatd ; spird acuta ;
anfractibus longitudinaliter plicatis, plicis nodoso-
granulatis, suleis transversis decussatis ; columella
callo expanso albo, labro simplici, fauce liratd.
GeMMED Nassa. Shell ovately conical, whitish or
ash-coloured, stained and banded with brown; spire
sharp ; whorls longitudinally plaited, plaits nodulously
vranulated, decussated by transverse grooves ; colu-
mella with a white expanded callosity, lip simple, in-
terior ridged.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. Island of Burias, Philippines (in coarse sand at six
fathoms) ; Cuming.
THE
The surface of this species is closely largely granulated
throughout.
Species 133. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa camiata. Nass. testd ovatd, acuminata, albidd,
rufescente fasciatd ; spird acutd, suturad subcanalicu-
lata ; anfractibus planiconvewis, longitudinaliter dense
costellatis, interstitiis liris transversis concinne cancel-
latis, costellis ad suturas elongato-granulatis ; colu-
melld brevilaminata, labro varicoso, fauce liratd.
Tue carvep Nassa. Shell ovate, acuminated, whitish,
banded with pale red; spire sharp, suture slightly chan-
nelled ; whorls flatly convex, longitudinally densely
fine-ribbed, interstices neatly cancellated with trans-
verse ridges, riblets elongately granuled at the su-
tures ; columella short-laminated, lip varicose, inte-
rior ridged.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Nass. testd ovato-conica, albida
Hab. (sland of Mindanao, Philippines (in sandy mud at
twenty-five fathoms) ; Cuming.
A solid closely cancellated species, in which the longitu-
dinal riblets have the form of elongated granules next the
sutures,
Fig. 134. (Mus, Cuming.)
A variety of N. variabilis of the preceding Plate, of more
transparent texture, less strongly plaited, with only the
faintest indication of a central band.
Species 135. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa optusaTa. Nass. testa subgloboso-conicd, alba,
rufo vittatim maculata, longitudinaliter costatd, costis
distantibus, superne obtuse tuberculatis, interstitiis liris
transversis crebri-cancellatis ; aperturd parviusculd,
fauce liratd, columella callosd, labro inecrassato, vari-
cOso.
THE BLUNTED Nassa. Shell somewhat globosely conical,
white, filleted with spots of red, longitudinally ribbed,
ribs distant, tubercled at the upper part, interstices
closely cancellated with transverse ridges ; aperture
rather small, interior ridged, columella callous, lip
thickened, varicose.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. Island of Ticao, Philippines (in coral sand at seven
fathoms) ; Cuming.
Chiefly distinguished by the obtuse widely separated
character of the ribs, and the fine-ridged sculpture of the
interstices.
Species 136. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa mutticostata. Nass. testdé ovatd, acuminata,
albd, interdum rufescente variegata, longitudinaliter
tenuicostatd, costis numerosis, confertis; columella
callosd, labro simplici, intus obsolete denticulato.
THE MANY-RIBBED Nassa. Shell ovate, acuminated,
white, sometimes variegated with pale red, longitudi-
mally finely ribbed, ribs numerous, close-set ; colu-
mella callous, lip simple, obsoletely denticulated
within.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. Island of Luzon, Philippines (in coarse sand at four
fathoms) ; Cuming.
A very delicate close-ribbed species, the ribs being finer
and more numerous as they approach the lip.
Fig. 137. (Mus. Cuming.)
A well-marked variety of N. Gayi described at Plate
XIII. Sp. 87.
December, 1853.
Peart wb oe oe
aah Kiger ar - Nae t rhe Wee A er
iy Sea 1 Ty eellamt SP alas Dans i ‘ae ay
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ABOY 130%
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140,
Sowerby, del ef. hth F. Reeve, mp
NAC SSA
PuatE XXI.
Species 138. (Mus. Cuming.)
NassaA FISSILABRIS.
cinerascente, pallidée fasciatd, longitudinaliter costata ;
Nass. testd ovato-conicd, obliqua,
anfractu ultimo antice transversim sulcato ; columella
callo expanso, antice tuberculis duobus transversis, labro
incrassato, superné inciso.
Tue suit-Lip Nassa. Shell ovately conical, oblique, ash,
faintly banded, longitudinally ribbed; last whorl trans-
versely grooved in front ; columella with an expanded
callosity, with two transverse tubercles in front, lip
thickened, slit at the upper part.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. Island of Mindanao, Philippines (in sandy mud at
twenty-five fathoms) ; Cuming.
A rather solid species, with a characteristic Plewrotoma-
like slit in the lip.
Species 139. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa GLAUCA,
glaucd, fascid alba supra suturam ; spird acuta, sutura
impressé ; anfractibus lonyitudinaliter costatis, costis
distantibus, transversim tenuistriatis ; columellé basi
contorté et peculiariter sulcatd, aperturé parvd, labro
Sortiter varicoso.
Tuer GLaucous Nassa. Shell ovately conical, ventricose,
glaucous, with a whitish band above the suture ; spire
sharp, suture impressed ; whorls longitudinally ribbed,
ribs distant, transversely finely striated; columella
twisted and peculiarly grooved at the base, aperture
small, lip strongly varicose.
C. B. Apams, Shells of Panama, p. 61.
Hab. Taboga, Panama.
Nass. testé ovato-conicd, ventricosd,
A strongly marked species, chiefly distinguished for its
sutural and basal grooves.
Species 140. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa micans. Nass. testd ovato-fusiformi, fumeo-albd,
nitidissimd ; anfractibus convexiusculis, prope apicem
costellatis ; columelldé callo tenuissimo, labro basi cre-
nulato, fauce lirata.
THe GLirrerinG Nassa. Shell ovately fusiform, smoky
white, very shining; whorls rather convex, ribbed
near the apex; columella with a very thin callosity,
lip crenulated at the base, interior ridged.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soe. Mareh 1851.
Hab. Island of Mindanao, Philippines (in sandy mud at
twenty-five fathoms) ; Cuming.
A fusiform species, with a shining semifossil aspect.
Species 141. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa porsuosa. Nass. testd ovatd, depressi, dorso con-
spicue gibboso-tuberculatd, olivaced, levi, prope apicent
longitudinaliter subplicatd ; apertura parva, columella
callo peramplo usque ad apicem repando labro crassé
juncto.
THE HUMPED-BACK Nassa.
spicuously gibbously tuberculated at the back, olive,
smooth, longitudinally subplicated at the apex ; aper-
ture small, columella with a very large callosity spread
to the apex and joining thickly with the lip.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. Island of Masbate, Philippines (on mud-banks at
low water) ; Cuming.
Shell ovate, depressed, con-
Remarkably distinguished for its tuberculated hump and
thickly spread callosity.
Species 142. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa costata. Nass. testd ovato-conicd ; spird acutd,
producta, pallida, anfractu ultimo macula rufo-fuscd
tincto ; anfractibus conveaiusculis, longitudinaliter cos-
tatis, costis superné plano-nodatis ; columella brevila-
minatd, labro simplici, basi crenulato, fauce lirata.
THE RIBBED Nassa.
produced, pale, last whorl stained with a red-brown
spot; whorls rather convex, longitudinally ribbed,
ribs flatly noduled at the upper part; columella
short-laminated, lip simple, erenulated at the base,
Shell ovately conical; spire sharp,
interior ridged.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. Island of Burias, Philippines (in sandy mud at six
fathoms) ; Cuming.
The ribs are close-set and rather flexuous, the spire sharp
and erect.
Species 143. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa Srimpsonrana. Nass. testd@ acuminato-conica,
December, 1853.
NASSA.—Prate XXI.
~ atro-cinered, lineis albidis interruptis cingulatd, lon- | Species 144. (Mus. Cuming.)
gitudinaliter crasse plicato-costatd, transversim liratd
et subtilissime striatd ; aperturd parva, columelld bre-
vilaminatd, labro crassé varicoso, intus denticulato.
Strmpson’s Nassa. Shell acuminately conical, black-ash,
encircled with interrupted white lines, longitudinally
thickly plicately ribbed, transversely ridged and very
finely striated ; aperture small, columella short-lami- |
nated, lip thickly varicose, denticulated within.
Buccinum Stimpsonianum, C. B. Adams, Panama Shells,
Nassa ALBrpuNcTATA. Nass. testé ovato-turritd, pallida,
fasciis rufescentibus albipunctalis subobscure cinctd,
longitudinaliter costaté ; anfractibus rotundatis, liris
tenuibus acutis superne et inferne cingulatis ; apertura
parva, fauce denticulata, columella brevilaminata, labro
Crasse varicose.
THE WHITE-DoTTED Nassa. Shell ovately turreted, pale,
rather obscurely encircled with faint reddish-white
dotted bands, longitudinally ribbed ; whorls rounded,
p. 72. encircled round the upper and lower parts with fine
Hab. Panama (under stones near low-water mark); C. B. | sharp ridges; aperture small, interior denticulated,
Adams. }
columella short-laminated, lip thickly varicose.
2
are whitish and look like interrupted lines. A solid conspicuously ribbed shell, distinguished by its
faint white-dotted bands.
|
Encircled with fine ridges, which on crossing the ribs | Hab.
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NASSA.
Pirate XXII.
Species 145. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa aLGIpA. Nass. testd ovato-conicd, levigata, nitida,
olivaced, fusco et albo strigaté et maculata ; spiré acuta,
suturd subimpressd ; anfractibus prope apicem plicatis,
ad suturas obsolete rudé plicato-nodosis ; columella
subexcavati, callosd, labro subincrassato, anticé minute
denticulato.
Tae cHILLED Nassa. Shell ovately conical, smooth,
shining, olive, streaked and blotched with brown and
white; spire sharp, suture rather impressed ; whorls
plaited near the apex, obsoletely rudely plicately
noduled at the sutures; columella rather excavated,
callous, lip rather thickened, minutely denticulated in
front.
Hab. Moreton Bay, Australia; Strange.
Of a peculiar livid-olive colour, milk-blotched here and
there, and painted longitudinally with waved brown streaks.
Species 146. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa_ CINISCULUS.
fusco-nigra, albo indistincté zonatd, longitudinaliter
Nass. testé ovatd, subventricosd,
plicato-costatd, costis liris transversis decussatis ; aper-
turd parva, fauce liratd, columella calloso-laminatéa,
labro varicoso.
THE LITTLE CINDER Nassa. Shell ovate, somewhat ven-
tricose, brown-black, indistinctly zoned with white,
longitudinally plicately ribbed, ribs crossed with trans-
verse ridges; aperture small, interior ridged, colu-
mella callous-laminated, lip varicose.
Hab. Island of St. Thomas, West Indies.
A subventricose roughly sculptured cinder-black shell,
indistinctly zoned round the middle with white.
Species 147. (Mus. Cuming.)
NASSA RUTILANS.
nitente, cinereo-olivaceo et griseo longitudinaliter varie-
Nass. testé acuminato-ovata, levigaté,
gata ; spird exsertd, ad apicem tenuiplicatd ; columella
arcuata, parum callosd, labro crassé varicoso, levi.
THe sHintNG Nassa. Shell.acuminately ovate, smooth,
shining, variegated longitudinally with ash-olive and
grey; spire exserted, thinly plaited at the apex; co-
lumella arched, but little callous, lip thickly varicose,
smooth.
Hab. New Zealand.
A hard, smooth, acuminated shell, variegated longitudi-
nally with a promiscuous blending of ash-olive and grey.
Species 148. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa Sturmit. Nass. testd ovato-conicd, subventricosa,
albidd, fascid cerulescente, vittd nigro-fuscd cingulaté,
longitudinaliter nodoso-plicatd, nodis obtusis ; apertura
pared, columellé arcuatd, basi contorté, parum calloséa,
labro simplict.
Srurm’s Nassa. Shell ovately conical, subvyentricose,
whitish, encircled with a pale blue band and black-
brown fillet, longitudinally nodosely plaited, nodules
obtuse; aperture small, columella arched, twisted at
the base, but little callous, lip simple.
Puiiprt, Zeitschrift fiir Malac. 1848, p. 135.
Hab. West Indies; Philippi.
Of a peculiar pale bluish colour, with a central fillet of
black-brown.
Species 149. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa Bronni. Nass. testd ovatd, ventricosd, crassa, al-
bidd, levi; spird brevi, acutd, suturd impressa ; an-
Sractibus convexiusculis, superne tumidis et obsolete
nodosis ; columellé excavaté, callo crasso late repando,
labro late varicoso, anticée denticulato.
Bronn’s*Nassa. Shell ovate, ventricose, thick, whitish,
smooth ; spire short, acute, suture impressed ; whorls
rather convex, swollen and obsoletely nodose round
the upper part; columella excavated, with a thick
widely spread callosity, lip broadly varicose, denticu-
lated in front.
Puixiert, Zeitschrift fir Malac. 1848, p. 137.
Hab. Java.
It is doubtful whether this is anything more than a
variety of NV. coronata.
Species 150. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa Mbvanroipes.
tenuiculd, intense olivaced, intus purpureo-nigrd, ni-
Nass. testé cylindraceo-ovatd,
tente ; spird subobtusd ; anfractibus levibus, superne
jilo-marginatis, prope apicem striatis, ultimo basi sul-
cato ; columelld subexcavatd, vix callosd, basi appresso-
contortd, labro simplict.
Tue Meranta-Lt1kn Nassa. Shell cylindrically ovate,
rather thin, dark-olive, interior shining purple-black ;
spire subobtuse; whorls smooth, thread-margined
round the upper part, striated near the apex, last whorl
grooved at the base ; columella rather excavated, but
little callous, appressly twisted at the base, lip simple.
Hab. Moreton Bay, Australia; Strange.
This species, like N. obtusata, has a characteristic fresh-
water aspect like that of a Melania.
December, 1853.
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Sowerby, del. et. btu F. Reeve,amp .
NASSA.
Pirate XXIII.
Species 151. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa PELLUCIDA.
pressd, pellucido-albd, rufo sparsim punctatd ; spird
Nass. testé semiorbiculari, plano-de-
retusissimd ; apertura ovatd, columella basi contortd,
labro simplici.
THE PELLUCID Nassa. Shell semiorbicular, flatly de-
pressed, transparent white, sparingly dotted with red ;
spire very blunt; aperture ovate, columella twisted
at the base, lip simple.
Cyclope pellucida, Risso, Hist. nat. de ? Europe mérid. p.
271. no. 719.
Cyclope Donoviana, Risso.
Hab. Mediterranean.
This may be only a small subtransparent variety of WN.
Neritea.
Species 152. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa Maneetiorpes. Nass. testd ovatd, solidad, dorso
subgibbosd, sordidé cinered ; spird brevi, acutd ; an-
fractibus superne tuberculatis, tuberculis hic illie in
costas elongatis, interstitiis cancellatis ; aperturd imi-
nimd, columella subeacavata, callo amplo incrassato late
repando labro juncto.
Tue MANGELIA-LIKE Nassa. Shell ovate, solid, rather
gibbous at the back, dull ash; spire short, sharp ;
whorls tuberculated at the upper part, tubercles here
and there prolonged into ribs, interstices cancellated ;
aperture very small, columella rather excavated, with
a large thickened broadly spread callosity joined with
the lip.
?
Hab.
A very characteristic species, resembling certain species
of Mangelia, save in the wide-spread callosity which sur-
rounds the aperture.
Species 153. (Fig. 153 and 156, Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa Neritea. Nass. testd semiorbiculari, supra con-
verd, fulvescente, purpureo-fusco minute reticulato-len-
tiginosd ; spird retusissimd, infra concavo-depressa, cal-
losd, luted ; aperturd minima, columella basi contorta,
labro incrassato.
Tue Neriros Nassa. Shell semiorbicular, convex above,
fulvous, minutely net-freckled with purple-brown ;
spire very blunt, concavely depressed beneath, cal-
lous, yellow; aperture very small; columella twisted
at the base, lip thickened.
Buceinum Neriteum, Linneus, Syst. Nat. (12th edit.) p.
1201.
Nassa Neritoides, Enc. Méth.
Nana Nerita, Schumacher.
Cyclope Neritea, Risso.
Hab. Mediterranean.
This well-known and very singular species is still with-
out any allied forms.
Species 154. (Mus. Cuming.)
NassA ORBICULATA.
dorso subgibbosd, levi, olivaced ; spird brevi ; apertura
minima, columella excavatd, callo luteo peramplo usque
Nass. testé orbiculatd, crassissimd,
ad apicem crassé repando.
THE orBicuLAR Nassa. Shell orbicular, very thick,
rather gibbous at the back, smooth, olive ; spire short ;
aperture very small, columella excavated, with a very
large yellow callosity, thickly spread as far as the
apex.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soe. March 1851.
Hab. ?
A truly remarkable species, one-half of the shell being
enveloped by the overflowing deposit of enamel forming
the callosity.
Species 155. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa CANCELLATA. Nass. testa ovato-conicd, fuscescente,
tenui, subpellucidd, fusco hic illic variegatd ; spird
acutdé ; anfractibus longitudinaliter costatd, costis flex-
uosis, ad suturas subnodosis, interstitiis concinne cancel-
latis ; columelld excavatd, callo subincrassato repando,
labro crassé calloso.
THE CANCELLATED Nassa. Shell ovately conical, light
brown, thin, semitransparent, here and there varie-
gated with brown; spire sharp ; whorls longitudinally
ribbed, ribs flexuous, rather nodose at the sutures,
intersticesneatly cancellated; columella excavated, with
a rather thick spread callosity, lip thickly callous.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. Island of Masbate, Philippines (under stones) ; Cu-
ming.
Allied in form to NV. Mangelioides, but thinner and more
ventricose.
December, 1853.
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NASSA.
PuateE XXIV.
Species 157. (Mus. Cuming.)
NASSA GLABRATA.
longitudinaliter obsolete striatd, albida, fasciis cineras-
Nass. testé acuminaté, levi, polita,
centibus maculisque fuscis ornatd ; columellé callosd,
brevilaminatd, labro subincrassato, margine tenui,
fleanoso,
Tue smootH Nassa. Shell acuminated, smooth, polished,
longitudinally obsoletely striated, whitish, ornamented
with ash-bands and brown-spots ; columella callous,
short-laminated, lip rather thickened, edge thin and
flexuous.
Aciculina glabrata, A. Adams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. Philippine Islands ; Cuming.
A small smooth polished Zeredra-like shell.
Species 158. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa Witsoni. Nass. test ovato-conicd, purpwreo-ni-
gricante, zonuld lutescente cingulatd, costis longitudi-
nalibus lirisque tenuibus transversis creberrime decus-
satd ; apertura pared, rotundatd, fauce denticulaté,
columella simplici, labro varicoso.
Witson’s Nassa. Shell ovately conic, purple-black, en-
circled with a narrow yellowish zone, very closely de-
cussated with longitudinal ribs and thin transverse
ridges ; aperture small, rounded, interior denticulated,
columella simple, lip varicose.
C. B. Apams, Panama Shells, p. 67.
Hab. Panama.
A small ovate purple-black shell, closely sculptured,
encircled with a narrow yellow band.
Species 159. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa Lasrata. Nass. testd anguste acuminata, nitidd,
cinerascente, pallidé fasciatd, longitudinaliter costatd,
costis ad suturas nodulosis, transversim sulcatd ; aper-
turd pared, columellé fusco-laminatd, labro varicoso,
margine tenui, flecuoso, superne sinuato.
Tur ~rppep Nassa. Shell narrowly acuminated, shin-
ing, light ash, faintly banded, longitudinally ribbed,
ribs nodulous at the sutures, transversely grooved ;
aperture small, columella brown-laminated, lip vari-
cose, edge thin, flexuous, sinuated at the upper part.
Aciculina labiata, A. Adams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. Malacca (in coarse sand at ten fathoms); Cuming.
Of the same aciculated form as N. glabrata, ribbed
throughout.
Species 160. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa vittata. Nass. testé acuminata, subturriti, albidd,
nitidd, vittis fuscis duabus distantibus cingulatd, longi-
tudinaliter costatd, costis obtusis, inferné subevanidis ;
apertura parvi, columella brevilaminatd, labro vari-
coso.
THE FILLETED Nassa. Shell acuminated, rather tur-
reted, whitish, shining, encircled with two distant
brown fillets, longitudinally ribbed, ribs obtuse, rather
fading towards the lower part; aperture small, colu-
mella short-laminated, lip varicose.
Aciculina vittata, A. Adams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. Island of Ticao, Philippines (in coral sand at six
fathoms) ; Cuming.
In the filleted bands of this interesting species the spots
appear only in the interstices between the ribs.
Species 161. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa Treresroipes. Nass. testd angusté acuminata,
pallidé purpurascente-rosed, obscure fasciatd, transver-
sim lineari-sulcatd, longitudinaliter costatdé ; apertura
parva, columellé brevilaminaté, labro varicoso, intus
denticulato.
Tue TEREBRA-LIKE Nassa. Shell narrowly acuminated,
pale purple-rose, obscurely banded, transversely li-
nearly grooved, longitudinally ribbed ; aperture small,
columella short-laminated, lip varicose, denticulated
within.
Aciculina costata, A. Adams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. ?
An aciculated ribbed species of a semitransparent pinky
hue, bordering on Teredra.
Species 162. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa Puprnorpes. Nass. testd cylindraceo-ovatd, dense
spiraliter striata, ad suturas minute plicata, fuscescente,
December, 1853.
NASSA.—Puate XXIV.
fascia pallidé cingulatd ; apertura oblique expansé,
columellaé excavatda, brevilaminatd, labro vix incrassato,
intus denticulato.
THE PUPINA-LIKE Nassa. Shel! cylindrically ovate,
densely spirally striated, minutely plaited at the su-
tures, light brown, encircled with a pale band; aper-
ture obliquely expanded, columeila excavated, short-
laminated, lip scarcely thickened, denticulated within.
Aciculina striata, A. Adams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab, Island of Zebu, Philippines (in sandy mud at five
fathoms) ; Cuming.
Distinguished by a pecuhar Pupina-like aspect, arising
mainly from an oblique expansion of the aperture.
Species 163. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa penicata. Nass. testd acuminato-conica, semipel-
lucido-aurantid, versus apicem pallidé rosaced, trans-
versim sulcata, longitudinaliter flecuoso-costata ; aper-
turd parva, columellé callosd, labro crassée varicoso,
varice albo.
THe ppeLIcatp Nassa. Shell acuminately conical, semi-
transparent orange, tinged with rose towards the apex,
transversely grooved, longitudinally flexuously ribbed;
aperture small, columella callous, lip thickly varicose,
varix white.
Hab. Casces Bay.
Sculptured with flexuous ribs, cut into nodules by trans-
verse linear grooves.
{6.94
164,
166.
Nassa, LUXXV
16.9 6
F Reeve, nmp
: NASSA.
PiatE XXV.
Species 164. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa NANA. Nass. testd ovatd, lutescente, rufo trifas-
ciatd ; spird breviusculd, acutd ; anfractibus convevis,
longitudinaliter plicatis, plicis supernée granatis, trans-
versim striatis; columella callo subamplo, repando,
labro crass varicoso, fauce lirata.
THE pwakF Nassa. Shell ovate, yellowish, encircled
with three reddish bands; spire rather short, sharp ;
whorls convex, longitudinally plaited, plaits grained
at the upper part, transversely striated; columella
with a rather large spread callosity, lip thickly vari-
cose, interior ridged.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. Island of Negros, Philippines (in coarse black sand
at eleven fathoms); Cuming.
A solid red-banded shell, with a rather short spire and
moderately spread callosity.
Species 165. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa CRENOLIRATA. Nass. testd ovatd, pallida, lineis
angustis transversis fuscis ornatd, longitudinaliter cos-
tatd, costis nodulosis, superne nodosis ; apertura an-
gustatd, fauce valde liratd, columellé cum callo tenui,
labro crassé varicose.
THE CRENATED-RIDGED Nassa. Shell ovate, pale, or-
namented with narrow transverse brown lines, longi-
tudinally ribbed, ribs nodulous, knotted at the upper
part ; aperture narrow, interior strongly ridged, colu-
mella with a thin callosity, lip thickly varicose.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. ?
A small solid stoutly ribbed species, with very much the
general aspect of a Cancellaria.
Species 166. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa LaBEcuLA. Nass. testd ovato-conicd, obliqud, pal-
lide fusca, anfractu ultimo nigricante tincté ; spird
breviusculd, acuta ; anfractibus costatis, costis superneé
tuberculatis, in anfractu ultimo subevanidis ; columella
callo subexpanso, labro superne crassé calloso, fauce
dentata.
THE BLEMISHED Nassa. Shell ovately conical, oblique,
light brown, last whorl stained with blackish; spire
rather short, sharp ; whorls ribbed, ribs tubercled at
the upper part, somewhat fading in the last whorl;
columella with a rather expanded callosity, lip thickly
callous at the upper part, interior toothed.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. Island of Burias, Philippines (in coral sand at six
fathoms) ; Cuming.
The lip of this species is peculiarly thickened at its junc-
tion with the body-whorl.
Species 167. (Mus. Cuming.)
NAssa TESSELLATA. Nass. testd ovato-conicd, solidiuseuld,
lutescente-albd, castaneo tessellatim fasciatd ; spird
acuta ; anfractibus rotundatis, longitudinaliter plicato-
costatis, liris nodatis decussatis ; aperturd pared, fauce
denticulatd, columellé excavatd, rugoso-callosd, labro
varicoso.
THE TESSELLATED Nassa. Shell ovately conical, rather
solid, yellowish-white, tessellately banded with chest-
nut; spire sharp; whorls rounded, longitudinally
plicately ribbed, crossed with noduled ridges ; aper-
ture small, interior denticulated, columella excavated.
roughly callous, lip varicose.
2
Hab.
The transverse bands of this species appear tessellated,
through being omitted, so to speak, in the interstices be-
tween the ribs. ‘
Species 168. (Mus. Cuming.)
NassaA ANNELLIFERA. Nass. testd ovato-conicd, subven-
tricosd, lutescente, lineis filosis fuscis fasciatim cingu-
lata ; longitudinaliter plicatd, plicis superné nodosis,
deinde plus minus evanidis, transversim creberrime
tenuiliratis ; apertura parviusculd, rotundatd, colu-
melld excavatd, callosd, labro crassé varicoso.
THE RINGED Nassa. Shell ovately conic, subventricose,
yellowish, encircled with bands of brown thread-like
lines ; longitudinally plicated, plaits noduled at the
upper part, then more or less fading, transversely very
closely finely ridged ; aperture rather small, rounded,
columella excavated, callous, lip thickly varicose.
Hab. ?
December, 1853.
NASSA.—Puate XXV.
~ So closely and prominently ridged across, that the shell
has the appearance of being encircled with a number of
fine rings.
Species 169. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa connarta. Nass. testé acuminato-ovatd, albidd,
rufescente-fusco late bifasciatd, longitudinaliter costaté,
transversim nodoso-liratd ; apertura pared, fauce den-
ticulatd, columellé tenuilaminatd, labro conspicué va-
7ICOSO.
Tue covtar Nassa. Shell acuminately ovate, whitish,
broadly two-banded with reddish-brown, longitudi-
nally ribbed, transversely nodosely ridged; aperture
small, interior denticulated, columella thinly lami-
nated, lip conspicuously varicose.
Gouxp, C. B. Adams, Panama Shells, p. 59.
Hab. Panama.
A rough-grained acuminated red-banded shell, with a
very prominent varix on the lip.
Fig. 170. (Mus. Cuming.)
A variety of NV. tessel/ata represented above, in which
the painting is darker and more banded.
. =
.
+
+. 7
‘
Rea 7
i
Nassa,LUXXV1-
{73 ?
F Reeve,1m-p
a ; Sie)
vowerby, del, el. hth
NASSA.
PuateE XXVI.
Species 171. (Mus. Cuming.)
NassA GENIcULATA. Nass. testé parvd, ovato-conicé,
fulvd, albo variegatd, fascia latd cinereo-fusca cincti,
transversim striata, longitudinaliter costatd, costis
geniculatis ; columellé subcallosd, anticé bituberculaté,
labro extus incrassato, intus dentato-lirato.
THe KNoTrED Nassa. Shell small, ovately conic, ful-
vous, variegated with white, encircled with a broad
ash-brown band, transversely striated, longitudinally
ribbed, ribs knotted; columella rather callous, bi-
tubercled; lip thickened outwardly, dentately ridged
inwardly.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. Island of Ticao, Philippines (in sand at four fa-
thoms) ; Cuming.
Rather widely ribbed, the ribs being strongly prickly
knotted. The last whorl of the specimen here figured is
distinguished by a dark livid-ash band.
Species 172. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa pusto. Nass, testé parva, ovato-conicd, fulvi,
fusco variegatd et maculosd, costellis planis longitu-
dinalibus confertis ornatdé ; anfractu ultimo anticé sul-
cato ; columellé cum callo nitido subexpanso tectd, la-
bro intus suleato, margine subreflexo.
Tue younG Nassa. Shell small, ovately conic, fulvous,
variegated and spotted with brown, ornamented with
close-set rather flat longitudinal riblets; last whorl
grooved in front; columella covered with a rather
spread shining callosity; lip grooved within, a little
reflected at the edge.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. Sorsogon, Island of Luzon, Philippines (in coarse
sand, at six fathoms) ; Cuming.
Very closely obtusely finely ribbed, the ribs having a
rather callous aspect.
Species 173, (Mus. Cuming.)
NASSA NIGELLA.
sim sulcatd, longitudinaliter granoso-liratd, intus ex-
Nass. testé acuminato-ovatd, transver-
tusque nigello-fuscd ; columelléd subexpansd, nitidd,
labro simplici, extus marginato.
THe swartHy Nassa. Shell acuminately ovate, trans-
versely grooved, longitudinally granosely ribbed,
swarthy brown within and without; columella rather
expanded, shining, lip simple, margined without.
Hab. New Zealand.
A rather sharply acuminated species, granosely ribbed
throughout, the uppermost grains being the most promi-
nent, of a swarthy brown within and without, including
the columellar enamel.
Species 174. (Mus. Cuming.)
NassA SCABRIUSCULA,
natd, fused, luteo fasciatd, longitudinaliter plicaté,
striis elevatis asperis spiraliter cancellaté ; aperturé
Nass. testé ovato-conicd, acumi-
rotundatd ; labro externo albo, antice fusco-maculato,
extus marginato, intus valde sulcato.
THE RoucH Nassa. Shell ovately conical, acuminated,
banded with brown-yellow, longitudinally plaited,
spirally cancellated with rough raised strie ; aperture
rounded ; outer lip white, spotted in front with brown,
margined outwardly, inwardly strongly grooved.
Powis, Pro. Zool. Soc. July 1835.
Hab. Bay of Montija, Central America (dredged from
sandy mud at a depth of twelve fathoms) ; Cuming.
Of rather an elongated form, roughly sculptured through-
out, with a small aperture, thickly margined outwardly.
Species 175. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa aByssicoLa. Nass. testd parva, ovato-conicd, sor-
didé alba, costellis confertis longitudinalibus permul-
tis, interstitiis concinné clathratis, ornatd ; columella
arcuatd, mediocriter callosd; labro intus dentato-li-
rato, extus incrassato.
THE DEEP-DWELLING Nassa. Shell small, ovately conic,
dirty white, ornamented with very numerous close-
set longitudinal riblets, the interstices between which
are finely latticed ; columella arched, slightly callous,
lip dentately ridged within, thickened without.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soe. March 1851.
Hab. Loay, Island of Bohol, Philippines (dredged from
clayey ground at a depth of sixty fathoms); Cuming.
A small colourless species, densely cancellated through-
out, with the whorls slightly margined next the sutures.
March, 1854.
NASSA.—Puatrt XXVI.
Species 176. (Mus. Cuming.) transverse ridges, the interstices between which are
-Nassa cINcTELLA. Nass. testé ovato-conicd, albidd, li- brown; columella wrinkled, slightly callous, lip vari-
neis fuscis cincta, longitudinaliter valde plicatd, plicis cose without, strongly ridged within.
distantibus, liris transversis albis, interstitiis fuscis, A. Abas, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
ornatd ; columellé corrugatd, vix callosd, labro extus Hab. St. Helena (in sandy mud at twenty fathoms) ;
varicoso, intus valde lirato. Cuming.
THE FINELY GIRDLED Nassa. Shell ovately conic,
whitish, encircled with brownish lines, longitudinally
strongly plaited, plaits distant, ornamented with white
Chiefly distinguished by the deep brownish grooves be-
tween the white transverse ridges.
Sowerby, del.et. hth
183,
Nassa, FUXXVA,
FE. Reeve, imp.
NASSA.
Puate XXVILI.
Species 177. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa striata. Nass. testé elongato-conicd, albidd,
Jflavescente tinctd, fortiter longitudinaliter costaté,
transversim densé cancellato-striatd ; apertura parvi-
usculd, columella subrugosd, labro varicoso.
Tue strrateD Nassa. Shell elongately conical, whitish,
tinged with yellow, strongly longitudinally ribbed,
transversely densely cancellately striated; aperture
rather small; columella subrugose, lip varicose.
C. B. Apams, Panama Shells, Annals Lyceum Nat. Hist.
New York, vol. v. p. 289.
Hab. Taboga.
Has somewhat the aspect of a discoloured N. versicolor.
Species 178. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa NuCLEOLUS. Nass. testdé conicd, solidiusculd, albd,
basi rufo-fuscd, longitudinaliter costatd, costis subdis-
tantibus, interstitiis transversim tenuiliratis ; apertura
pared, circulari, columellé tenuirugosd, labro dense
varicoso, intus sulcato.
THE LITTLE KERNEL Nassa. Shell conical, rather solid,
white, red-brown at the base, longitudinally ribbed,
ribs rather distant, with the interstices transversely
finely ridged; aperture small, circular, columella
finely wrinkled ; lip thickly varicose, grooved within.
Puiuiprr, MS. in Mus. Cuming.
Hab. ?
A small, rather solid species, distantly ribbed, with a
small circular grooved aperture.
Species 179. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa LABIDA. Nass. testd acuminato-ovatd, basi trun-
cata, pallidd, sublividd, nitente, longitudinaliter cal-
loso-costatd, costis anfractis ultimi tenuibus, nume-
rosis, confertis; columellé calloso-expansd, nitente,
apertura parviusculd, fauce sulcatd, labro simplici.
THE sLipPpeRY Nassa. Shell acuminately ovate, trun-
cated at the base, pale, rather livid, shining, longi-
tudinately callously ribbed, ribs of the last whorl
fine, numerous, and close-set; columella callously
expanded, shining, aperture rather small, interior
grooved, lip simple.
Hab. ?
A very characteristic species, sculptured with a profu-
sion of shining callous ribs, which are large and rather dis-
tant in the early whorls of the shell, but very numerous
and close-set in the last whorl.
Species 180. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa DELICATA. Nass. testd ovato-conicd, subpellucidé,
albida, fascia angusté fuscd maculisque fuscis ornatd,
longitudinaliter costatd, costis planulatis superné no-
dosis, interstitiis lineis elevatis transversis clathratis ;
columella callosd, anticé tenue quadriplicatd, labro va-
ricoso, intus fortiter lirato.
Tue pevicaTeE Nassa. Shell ovately conical, subpellu-
cid, whitish, ornamented with a narrow brown band
and brown spots, longitudinally ribbed, ribs rather
flat, nodose at the upper part, interstices latticed with
raised transverse lines; columella callous, with four
fine plaits in front, lip varicose, interior strongly
ridged.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. Sorsogon, Island of Luzon, Philippines (in coarse
sand at six fathoms); Cuming.
A short, solid, subtransparent species, sparingly blotched
with brown, strongly ribbed.
Species 181. (Mus. Cuming.)
NASSA DENSIGRANATA. Nass. testd ovatd, transversim
lineari-sulcatd, longitudinaliter densé plano-granata,
albida, fuscescente tincté et fusco-maculata ; anfrac-
tibus ad suturas plicato-nodulosis ; columella brevi-
contortd et callosd, labro simplict.
THE CLOSE-GRAINED Nassa. Shell ovate, transversely
linearly grooved, longitudinally densely flatly grained,
whitish, stained with light brown and brown blotched;
whorls plicately noduled at the sutures; columella
short-twisted and callous, lip simple.
Hab. Philippine Islands; Cuming.
A characteristic close-grained species, plicately noduled
at the sutures, more or less stained throughout with red-
brown, and blotched here and there with darker brown.
Species 182. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa Maperensis, Nass. testd acuminata, transversim
March, 1854.
NASSA.—Pratr XXVII.
tenuisulcata, longitudinaliter costatd, costis in anfractu Species 183, (Mus. Cuming.)
ultimo evanidis, flavescente, albo et rufo-fusco subti-
liter vittaté ; columelld callosd, arcuatd ; aperturd
parvi, labro simplici, subvaricoso.
Tue Maperra Nassa. Shell acuminated, transversely
finely grooved, longitudinally ribbed, ribs obtuse,
fading on the last whorl, yellowish, finely filleted
with white and red-brown ; columella callous, arched;
aperture small, lip simple and faintly varicose.
Hab. Madeira. Bau
Nassa rosacea. Nass. testé acuminato-ovata, transver-
sim sulcatd, longitudinaliter fleauoso-costatd, intense
rosed, ad basin nigro-marginatd ; columella callosé ;
apertura parva, fauce sulcaté, labro varicoso, albo.
Tue Rosy Nassa. Shell acuminately ovate, transversely
grooved, longitudinally flexuosely ribbed, deep rose,
black-edged at the base ; columella callous ; aperture
small, grooved in the interior, lip varicose, white.
5)
An acuminated species, obtusely ribbed, the ribs fading
on the last whorl, of a pale yellowish colour, filleted trans-
versely with opake-white and red-brown.
A deep transparent rose shell, flexuously ribbed through-
out, turned up with black at the edge of the basal canal.
Nassa, PUXXVAL
Kipp
me >
St 1
aS
Ry
‘8
SS
=
Sowerby, del. et. hth. F Reeve, ump.
NASSA.
Puate XXVIII.
Species 184. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa BELLULA. Nass. testd ovatéd, spird acuminatd,
acuta ; anfractibus angulatis, palliduld, fascid luteolé
ornatd, longitudinaliter plicatd, transversim liratd,
interstitiis concinné longitudinaliter striatis ; colu-
mellé rugosa, callo nagno expanso tecto, labro margine
rugoso calloso, intus crenulato.
Tue pretty Nassa. Shell ovate, spire acuminated,
sharp, with the whorls angled, pale, ornamented with
a yellowish band, longitudinally plaited, transversely
ridged, interstices neatly cancellately striated ; colu-
mella rough, with a large expanded callosity, lip with
a rough callous edge, crenulated within.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. Catbalonga, Island of Samar, Philippines (under
stones at low water) ; Cuming.
An elaborately sculptured species, callous in front,
having somewhat a Mangelia-like aspect.
Species 185. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa caLLosa. Nass. testd parvd, ovata, spird acuté,
albé, fusco-maculatd, longitudinaliter costatd, trans-
versim sulcatd ; columelld anticé triplicatd, callo
magno albo nitido expanso, labro margine incrassato,
calloso, intus dentato-lirato.
Ture cattous Nassa. Shell small, ovate, sharp at the
spire, white, spotted with brown, longitudinally rib-
bed, transversely grooved ; columella three-plaited in
front, with a large white shining expanded callosity,
lip thickened and callous at the edge, dentately ridged
within.
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. Bais, Isle of Negros, Philippines (in sandy mud at
seven fathoms); Cuming.
A very small species, distinguished by a largely ex-
panded shining callosity in front.
Species 186. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa Nova-Zetanpiz. Nass. testdé acuminato-conicd,
nigro fuscoque marmorata ; spird acutd, suturd tin-
press ; anfractibus superné subangulatis, transversim
lineari-sulcatis, longitudinaliter fortiter grano-costa-
tis; columellé contorta, alba, labro tenur, varicoso.
Tue New ZeaLanp Nassa. Shell acuminately conical,
mottled black and brown; spire sharp, with the su-
ture impressed ; whorls slightly angled at the upper
part, transversely linearly grooved, longitudinally
strongly grain-ribbed ; columella twisted, white, lip
thin, varicose.
Hab. New Zealand.
Of the same typical character as N. labida, from the
same locality, but more prominently grained and more an-
gulated about the suture.
Species 187. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa amBicua. Nass. testd acuminato-turritd, fulves-
cente, rufo sparsim maculata ; spiré acutd, subexserta ;
anfractibus rotundatis, longitudinaliter prominente cos-
tatis, liris tenuibus cingulatis ; columella tenué corru-
gata ; aperturé pared, circulari, labro varicoso, albo.
THE DouBTruL Nassa. Shell acuminately turreted, light
fulvous, sparingly blotched with red; spire sharp,
rather exserted ; whorls rounded, longitudinally pro-
minently ribbed, encircled with five ridges; colu-
mella finely wrinkled; aperture small, circular, lip
varicose, white.
Buccinum ambiguum, Montagu, Test. Brit. pl. 9. f. 7.
Hab. Mediterranean and English Channel.
A delicate transparent fulvous species, spotted here and
there, but chiefly near the suture, with brown-red, promi-
nently decussated with longitudinal ribs and cross ridges.
Species 188. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa Sanct# Hetenm. Nass. testd ovato-conicd, sub-
turritd, albidd, rufo-variegatd ; spird productd; an-
Sractibus rotundatis, longitudinaliter costatis, costis
distantibus subnodosis, anfractu ultimo anticée trans-
versim sulcato ; columella levi, calloso, antice unipli-
catd, labro intus lirato.
Tue Sarnt Hevena Nassa. Shell ovately conical, sub-
turreted, white, variegated with red; spire produced ;
whorls rounded, longitudinally ribbed, ribs distant,
rather nodose, last whorl transversely grooved in
front; columella smooth, callous, one-plaited in
front, lip ridged within,
A. Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
March, 1854.
NASSA.—Puate XXVIII.
Hab. St. Helena (in sandy mud at twenty fathoms); | THE BARK-COVERED Nassa. Shell ovately conic, pro-
Cuming. duced at the spire, covered with a greenish-brown
epidermis ; whorls nodose at the upper part, last whorl
ornamented in front with a subnodose belt, posteriorly
coronated with nodules; columella but little callous,
two-plaited in front, lip margined outwardly, ridged
Species 189. (Mus. Cuming.) within.
“Allied to the European form of Nassa, represented by
the preceding species.
Nassa corticata. Nass. testd ovato-conicd, spird pro- | 4: Apams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
duct, epidermide viridi-fuscd obtecté ; anfractibus su- Hab. New Zealand.
perné nodosis, ultimo anticé cingulaé subnodosd ornato, A distinet typical form of Nassa, covered with a thick
postic® nodulis coronato ; columellé vix callosé, anticé | dark olivaceous epidermis.
biplicata, labro extus marginato, intus lirato.
Vr Gy VPSG
VASSA, Tep Last
190
236
WI ©
NASSA.
PuatTE XXIX.
Species 190. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa RINGENS. Nass. testi ovata, fusco-aurantid ; spird
breviusculd, suturd angulato-impressd, basi peculiariter
contorta et contracté; anfractibus convexis, undique
nodoso-reticulatd ; columella arcuatd, verrucosd; aper-
turd parva, fauce verrucoso-liraté, labro simplici, su-
perne appresso.
THE GRINNING Nassa. Shell ovate, brownish-orange ;
spire rather short, angularly impressed at the sutures,
peculiarly twisted and contracted at the base ; whorls
convex, nodosely reticulated throughout; columella
arched, warty; aperture small, interior wart-ridged,
lip simple, appressed at the upper part.
Desmoulea ringens, A. Adams, MS. in Mus. Cuming.
Hab. ?
The species represented in this Plate constitute Mr.
Gray’s genus Desmoulea, and form a very natural and in-
teresting group.
Species 191. (Mus. Cuming.)
NassSA PYRAMIDALIS.
aurantia ; spird acuminata, apice obtuso, violascente ;
longitudinaliter evanidé plicatd, transversim sulcata ;
columella fusca, subcallosd, simplici, labro extus mar-
ginato, intus lirato.
THE PYRAMIDAL Nassa. Shell ovately conical, pale
orange; spire acuminated, apex obtuse, violet-tinged;
longitudinally faintly plaited, transversely grooved ;
columella brown, rather callous, simple, lip margined
outwardly, ridged within.
Nass. testé ovato-conicd, pallidé
Desmoulea pyramidalis, A. Adams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March |
1851.
Hab.
The typical character of the spire in this group is to be
short and obtuse, but in this species the spire is acumi-
nated.
?
Species 192. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa Japonica. Nass. testd ovatd, levi, nitidd, anticé
transversim sulcatd, fulvescente, maculis lineisque trans-
versis fuscis ornatd, albo variegaté ; columella cullosd,
anticé tuberculis tribus instructd, labro extus ineras-
sato, intus lirato.
Tue Japan Nassa. Shell ovate, smooth, shining, trans-
versely grooved in front, light fulvous, ornamented
with brown transverse spots and lines, variegated
with white; columella callous, furnished with three
tubercles in front, lip thickened without, ridged
within.
Desmoulea Japonica, A. Adams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March
1851.
Hab. Japan; Dr. Siebold.
Less acuminated than the preceding species, though
partaking of its form. There is generally a small wart-
like callosity on the body-whorl at the upper part of the
aperture.
Species 193. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa pineurs. Nass. testd globosd, abbreviatd, ventri-
cosd, lutescente, albo variegatd, epidermide fusca vil-
losd tecta ; spird brevi, ad suturam impressd, apice mu-
cronato ; anfractibus gibbosis, transversim striatis ; co-
lumelld levi, callosd, anticé tuberculo unico, uniplicata,
labro intus lirato.
Tue puumMp Nassa. Shell globose, short, ventricose,
variegated with yellow and white, covered with a
brown hairy epidermis ; spire short, impressed at the
suture, apex sharp-pointed; whorls gibbous, trans-
versely striated; columella smooth, callous, with a
single tubercle, one-plaited in front, lip ridged
within.
Desmoulea pinguis, A. Adams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. Senegal.
A peculiarly globose species, with an impressed suture
and raised pointed apex.
Species 194. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa ABBREVIATA. Nass. testd globosi, ventricosd, al-
bescente vel castaned, albo et fulvo fasciatd, transversin
liratéd; spird brevi; suturé canaliculatéd ; apertura
alba, subrotundaté, labro columellari tenui, expanso,
arcuato et rugoso, labro externo simplici, intus fortiter
lirato.
‘THE SHORTENED Nassa. Shell globose, ventricose,
whitish or chestnut, banded with white and fulvous,
transversely ridged; spire short; suture channelled ;
aperture white, nearly round, columellar lip thin, ex-
March, 1854.
NASSA.—Prate XXIX.
panded, arched, and rugose, outer lip simple, strongly
ridged within.
Buccinum abbreviatum, Wood, Index Test. Bucc. No. 12.
Chemnitz, Conch. Cab. pl. 153. f. 1464 and 1466.
Desmoulea abbreviata, Gray.
Hab. Cape of Good Hope.
This singular species partakes of the character of Cassis,
and is the most abnormal form of the genus.
Species 195. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa RETUSA. Nass. testd abbreviato-ovatd, transversim
minutissime striata, luteo-rubente ; spird brevi, turgida,
apice retusi ; apertura alba, inferné dilataté, labro in-
tus striato.
THE BLUNT Nassa. Shell! abbreviately ovate, transversely
very minutely striated, yellow-red ; spire short, swol-
len, blunt at the apex; aperture white, dilated at the
upper part, lip striated within.
Buccinum retusum, Lamarck, Anim. sans vert. (Deshayes’
edit.) vol. x. p. 168.
Nassa retusa, Deshayes.
Desmoulea retusa, Gray.
Hab. West Africa.
The suture of this species is generally white, dotted
with red-brown, and the shell is encircled with two or
more very delicate narrow brown and white fillets.
Species 196. (Mus. Cuming.)
Nassa PONDEROSA. Nass. testa globosd, solidd, levi ; spird
obtusa, apice violaced; anfractibus superné gibbosis,
alba, fulvo-rufescente variegatd, transversim striata ;
columella callosd, tenué corrugaté, labro calloso-in-
crassato, intus lirato.
Tue HEAVY Nassa. Shell globose, solid, smooth; spire
obtuse, violet at the apex; whorls gibbous at the
upper part, white, variegated with fulvous-red, trans-
versely striated; columella callous, finely wrinkled,
lip callously thickened, ridged within.
Desmoulea crassa, A. Adams, Pro. Zool. Soc. March 1851.
Hab. Japan.
A very solid globose species, encireled with numerous
hair lines of red-brown, besides being stained and varie-
gated with the same colour.
abbreviata (Buccinum), Wood ..
abyssicola, 4. ddams.........
albescens (Bucc.), Dunker .....
albipunctata, Reeve ..........
algida, Reeve .
ambigua (Buce. ), Nahe
ero o
angulifera, 4. ddams .........
annellifera, Reeve ............
Antillarum (Bucc.), Phil.
arcularia, Lamarck .....
badias 4. Adams)... 25.2.6 0...
Bronni (Buce.), Philippi
celata, 4. Adams .....
Callosas 4s Adams: ... 2 sc 52 600
callospira, 4. ddams .........
canaliculata, Lamarck ........
cancellata, 4. ddams .........
CANGeNnSMHiNdS sae. sss es ve
cerotina, 4. Adams .........,
cinctella, 4. Addams ..........
cinisculus, Reeve ............
cinnamomea, 4. Adams .......
circumcincta, 4. ddams.......
clathratula, 4. ddams ........
Collaniaen GOu/deraitensess.cickei