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ANNALS

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SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM

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VOLUME XV, PART III.

3.—Contributions to the Crustacean Fauna of South Africa.
By K. H. Barnarp, M.A., Assistant. (Plates XXVI-
XXVITL.}

INVERTEBRATI:
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Prustace, —

ISSUED JUNE 24th, 1916:
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BY ADLARD AND SON AND WEST NEWMAN,

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Contributions to the Crustacean Fauna of South Africa.—
By K. H. Barnarp, M.A., Assistant.

(Plates XX VI-XXVIII.)
3 5.—THE AMPHIPODA.

Tue collections made by the Cape Government trawler s.s. “ Pieter
Faure” and by members of the Museum staff have formed the bulk of
the material for the following report, which supplements Mr. Steb-
bing’s reports in the “ Marine Investigations.” Many of the “ Pieter
Faure” specimens were found by searching through bottles of
hitherto unsorted material—sponges, ascidians, hydroids and the like.

The result is a large increase in the fauna-list of South African
Amphipoda. The range of many known species is shown to extend
to South African waters, and many species are considered to be new
to science. In the former category the most interesting are certain
species which were known only from the North Atlantic, e.g. Byblis

gaimardii, Nicippe tumida and Epimeria cornigera. The South

African specimens are not, or only in minute details, distinguishable
from the northern specimens. It may, however, be stated that the
first two species above mentioned have recently been found off Cali-
fornia by the U.S. exploring vessel “ Albatross.” The Indian Ocean,
Australasian and Subantarctic faunal elements are also represented by
a number of well-known forms.

The Amphipodan fauna of Table Mountain has been investigated
for the first time, and has yielded four interesting Gammarids. In
this respect the mountain streams in other districts of South Africa
are still quite unknown.

Unfortunately the discussion of several species has had to be post-
poned owing to lack of material from other regions for direct com-
parison (e.g. in the genera Orchomenopsis, Paramoera and Hyale).
Representatives of the families Calliopiidae and Pleustidae have also
been recognised among the “ Pieter Faure” collection, but were too
badly preserved or mutilated for generic and specific determination.

Certain species—Leucothoe miersi, Stenothoe crenulata, Paramoera

8

106 Annals of the South African Museum.

austrina, Elasmopus serrula, Hyale novae-zealandiae—have been rele-
gated to synonymy for reasons which, I trust, will be considered sound.

Except where otherwise stated, the specimens were collected in the
littoral zone at low-water mark.

The types of all new species are in the South African Museum.

My thanks are again due to Mr. J. H. Orton of the Plymouth
Marine Laboratory, Mr. F. W. Edwards of the British Museum, and
Mr. H. Watson of Cambridge for tracings of figures otherwise inac-
cessible to me; and also to Dr. Chilton of Christchurch, N.Z., and
Prof. Haswell of Sydney.

Corrigenda.—I may take this opportunity of correcting two un-
fortunate mistakes in my last paper on South African Isopods (Ann.
S.A. Mus. vol. 10, pt. 11, 1914: Aega wrotoma n. sp. most probably =
A. semicarinata Miers, 1875, and Dynamenella kraussi n. sp.=
D. huttoni (Thomson), 1879. The latter I have confirmed by a com-
parison with New Zealand specimens, which I owe to Dr. Chilton’s
kindness. On Plate XX XVII. C. of the same paper one of the figures
of Jais pubescens has been inadvertantly printed upside down and
labelled ‘‘mxp”’ instead of “ plp 3.”

)

Tru GAMMARIDEA.
Famity LYSIANASSIDAE.

1906. Lysianassidae Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, pp. 3, 717. (Refer-

ences. )

1908. a Chevreux, Bull. Mus. Ocean, Monaco, No. 117,
peaks

1908. 3 Holmes, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. vol. 35, 1909.
p. 492.

1910. i Stebbing, Sci. Res. “Thetis,” p. 568.

1910. 5 Chevreux, Mem. Soe, Zool. Fi. vol. 25, 1910,
p. 135.

1911. ss id. C.R. Ac. Sci. eliii. p. 1167.

Gen. TRISCHIZOSTOMA Boeck.

1853. Guerinia (preocc.) Hope, MS. Costa. Fauna Reg. Napoli,
April, 1853, p. 1.

1861. Trischizostoma Boeck, Forh. Skand. Naturf. Mode 8, p. 637.

1906. :; Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, p. 12. (Refer-

ences. )

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 107

1908. Trischizostoma id. S.A. Crust. pt. 4, p. 59.
1908. Pei Sexton, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1908, pt. 2,
p. 370.

TRISCHIZOSTOMA PAUCISPINOSUM 0. sp.
(Plate XXVI. Fig. 1.)

Head plus rostrum a little longer than Ist peraeon segment, rostrum
triangular, broader than long, apex subacute, curved downwards.
Eyes large, occupying the greater part of the lateral portions of the
head, reniform, not extending above and not nearly meeting on top
of head.

Second peraeon segment a trifle shorter than the first and the
following segments. Side-plate 1 small, triangular, almost completely
hidden by 2, which is a little deeper than long, 3 also a little deeper
than long, larger than 2, 4 a little larger still, almost circular, the
anterior, inferior and hind margins forming a nearly even curve,
- posterior margin excised for 5, which is longer than deep (longest
of all the side-plates) and bilobed, 6 a little shorter than 5, 7 large,
triangular, deeper than long.

Pleon segment 4 hollowed at base, pleuron of Ist narrowed below
and ending in a small acute point at the postero-lateral angle, of 2nd
large, inferior margin straight or slightly emarginate, postero-lateral
angle acute, inferior margin of 3rd convex, postero-lateral angle acute,
the posterior margin sinuous above the angle.

Telson a little longer than broad, slightly tapering, cleft to centre,
the apices obtuse.

First antenna reaching to about 6th peraeon segment, 2nd and 3rd
joints together equal to half length of Ist, flagellum 20-jointed, Ist
jot nearly half as long again as whole of peduncle, its anterior
margin densely setose, accessory flagellum 3-jointed, Ist joint {
length of Ist flagellar joint, lanceolate, with a few widely spaced setae
on both margins, 2nd and 8rd joints very slender, 3rd 4 length
of 2nd.

Second antenna reaching to about end of 3rd pleon segment, 5th
joint twice length of 4th, flagellum at least twice length of peduncle,
ca. 40-jointed.

Mandible, trunk distally from palp of more or less even width
throughout, cutting edge straight, the angles rounded, palp long, 2nd
and 8rd joints subequal, 2nd not or scarcely broader than 3rd, inner
margins of both setose.

108 Annals of the South African Museum.

First maxilla, inner plate apically acute, outer plate with 5 spines,
palp minute, obscurely 2-jointed.

Maxilliped, inner plate very narrow, apex obtuse, outer plate ovate,
palp slender, 2nd joint longest, 3rd and 4th subequal, but 4th more
slender than 3rd, 4th joint with 1-2 very fine apical setules.

The other mouth parts could not be dissected out satisfactorily on
account of the state of preservation.

First gnathopod, 2nd joint as long as rest of limb, 6th transversely
oval, in shape more like that of 7’. nicaeense than T. raschi, reversed in
one specimen, not in the other, anterior (in untwisted position) margin
a little shorter than palm, which is 13 times inferior margin, palm very
slightly convex, with 5 small spines on margin and 4 larger ones
within the margin, 3 unequal spines at junction of palm with hind
margin, finger strongly curved, just exceeding palm in length.

Second gnathopod slender, 2nd joint equal to 4th, 5th and 6th
joints together, 3rd and 5th subequal, 4th and 6th subequal, 5th
cylindrical, not swollen, with dense spreading tufts of setae, 6th
oblong, not expanded, longer than broad, also with tufts of setae,
finger small.

First and second peraeopods, 2nd joimt equal to 3rd and 4th
together, 4th with 3 spinules on anterior margin and 1| at apex, 5th
and 6th joints subequal, but 6th only half width of 5th, 5th with
5 spinules on anterior margin and 1 at apex, 6th likewise, finger
+ length of 6th.

Third to fifth peraeopods becoming progressively longer, 2nd joint
expanded posteriorly, on 3rd peraeopod only a very little longer than
broad, on 4th a little longer than broad, on 5th 13 times as long as
broad, but abruptly narrowed near base, hind margin nearly straight
with a few indents, 4th jomt of 5rd peraeopod with 2 spinules on
anterior margin and 1 on apex, of 4th peraeopod with 4 and 1 respec-
tively, of 5th peraeopod with 5 and 1, 5th joint of 38rd peraeopod with
4and 1, of 4th peraeopod with 6 and 1, of 5th peraeopod with 9 and
1 respectively, the anterior apex of 5th joint on each peraeopod pro-
duced into a sharp triangular process, anterior margin of 6th joint of
3rd peraeopod with 5 spinules, of 4th peraeopod with 5, and of 5th
peraeopod with 7, inner margin of finger finely serrulate.

First uropod, outer ramus shorter than inner, outer margin with
5-7 deep indents, each with a spinule at its base, outer margin of
inner ramus with 1] or 2 such indents near apex, inner margin wii |
spinules near base, whole of inner and outer margins of inner ramus
and inner margin of outer ramus in addition finely serrulate.

Second uropod shorter and more slender than Ist, rami subequal,

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 109

outer with 6 deep indents on outer margin, inner ramus with 2 such
indents on outer margin (1 near middle, the other nearer apex) and 1
in middle of inner margin, both margins of inner ramus and inner
margin of outer ramus finely serrulate.

Third uropod, rami subequal, equal to those of 2nd in length, but
broader, ovate, more rapidly narrowed distally, 2nd joint on outer
ramus indistinguishable, both margins of inner ramus and inner
margin of outer ramus finely serrulate.

Length: 16 mm.

Colour: In spirit, pale pinkish, eyes red.

Locality: Lion’s Head N. 67° E. distant 25 miles (off Cape Penin-
sula). 131 fathoms. 2 @¢. s.s. “Pieter Faure.” 28/3/00.
(S.A.M. No. A130.)

The specific name in allusion to the small number of spines on the
palm of the Ist gnathopod, compared with the other three species of
the genus.

This species resembles T. nicaeense Costa in the general shape of the
hand of Ist gnathopod, the trunk of the mandible and the rostrum ; it
resembles 7’. raschi Hsm and Boeck in the inner plate of the maxilli-
ped. It is, however, far more closely: allied to the other South
African species T'. remipes Stebbing; the characters in which it agrees
being: rostrum, trunk of mandible and palp, palp of maxilliped, first
and second antennae, second gnathopod, 2nd joint of 8rd—5th peraeo-
pods, telson and uropods. It is distinguished from the latter in
having none of the joints of the peraeopods expanded except the 2nd
on 3rd—-5th peraeopods, in the details of the uropods, as well as in the
three characters which separate it from the two northern species,
namely: eyes, palm of Ist gnathopod and side-plates.

Gen. STOMACONTION Stebbing.
1888. Acontiostoma (part) Stebbing, Challeng. Rep. vol. 29, p. 709.
1899. Stomacontion id. Aun. Mag. Nat. Hist. Sei. 7 vol. 4, p. 205.

Chilton (1912, Tr. Roy. Soc. Edinb. vol. 48, pt. 2, p. 463) doubts
whether this genus should be separated from Acontiostoma. ‘The
present species in having, apparently, no palp to the Ist maxilla and
a quite rudimentary 4th palpal joint to the maxilliped affords further
evidence that the two genera should be reunited.

STOMACONTION CAPENSE 0. sp.
(Plate XXVIII. Figs. 27, 28.)
Very like S. pepinii (Stebb.), but differing from it, and from

110 Annals of the South African Museum.

Acontiostoma marionis Stebb. (including A. magellanicwm Stebb.), in
the shape of the lst side-plate. This is triangular, not oblong, and
narrows below to a somewhat blunt point. The whole surface is finely
pubescent, and the inferior and posterior margins ofthe side-plates are
more setulose than in S. pepinit. Peduncular joints of Ist antennae
progressively shorter, flagellum inserted obliquely, 4-jointed. Second
antenna as figured for S. pepinii. First maxilla apparently without
palp; 4th palpal joint of maxilliped quite rudimentary. Finger of
2nd gnathopod inserted in the middle of the distal margin of 6th
joint, 7.e. the apices of this joint are produced equally above and
below the finger. Postero-inferior apex of 2nd joint of 5th peraeopod
rectangular, with a small indent just above the apex on the posterior
margin. Posterior margins of 2nd joimts of 35rd—5th peraeopods
strongly setulose.

In*other respects agreeing with S. pepinii. The specimen is not
full-grown, as shown by the new integument forming within the old.

Length : 2°5 mm. in contracted position.

Colour. In spirit, pale pinkish, eyes reddish.

Locality: False Bay. 24 fathoms. 1 immature specimen.
s.s. “ Pieter Faure.” 11/11/02. (S.A.M. No. A8815.)

Gen. EUONYX Norman.

1867. Huonyx Norman, Rep. Brit. Ass. vol. 36, pp. 197, 202.

Wetstek, ap Stebbing, Challeng. Rep. vol. 29, p. 668.

1891. ~ G. O. Sars, Crust Norw. vol. 1, p. 116.

1906. BF Stebbing, Das Tierreich 21, p. 19.

1908. ¥ Chevreux, Bull. ’Inst. Océan. Monaco. no. 117, p. 1.

EUONYX BISCAYENSIS Chevreux.
1908. Huonyx biscayensis Chevreux, Le. p. 1, fig. 1.

Eyes invisible in the spirit specimen.

Fourth pleon segment with a basal depression, the posterior portion
slightly swollen, rounded.

First antenna equal to first two peraeon segments together, 1st joint
with anterior margin slightly emarginate, but not apically produced,
flagellum 12-jointed, 1st joint equal to peduncle, accessory flagellum
5-jointed, Ist joint equal to the remaining 4 joints.

Second antenna equal to first 3 peraeon segments together, Ist joint
dilated below, gland-cone subacute and extending almost to end of

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 111

3rd joint, 4th and 5th joints subequal, flagellum longer than peduncle,
16-jointed.

Mandibles resembling those of H. normani Stebbing (1888, Le.,
pl. 19), accessory cutting-edge in left strap-shaped, apex blunt, spine-
row with 2 spinules and several plumose setules.

First maxilla, inner plate with 3 apical plumose, and some simple
setae, outer plate with 8 spines (the terminal one apically bidentate,
the next apically 4-dentate, the rest laterally denticulate) and several
setie, palp not narrowing distally, apex rounded, with 5 spines.

Maxilliped, inner plate with 3 apical stout spines and several
ordinary spines and setae, outer plate almost reaching apex of 2nd
joint of palp, outer distal margin with ca. 12 spines which become
subclavate near the inner angle, inner margin crenulate.

First gnathopod, middle of inner margin of apical projection of 6th
joint setose.

Second gnathopod, 6th joint a little more than half the length of
anterior margin of the 5th, widening distally, palm slightly convex
near base, straight distally, joing the inferior margin at a mght
angle, which is without a spinule, 7th joint shorter than palm.

First and second peraepods, 5th joint shorter and narrower than
4th, with 3 pairs of spines on posterior margin and an apical group,
6th subequal to 4th, posterior margin with 6 groups of 3 spines each,
and a large blunt spine on apex, 7th joint not quite 4 6th, curved,
bluntly denticulate at base.

Third peraeopod, 2nd joint expanded, broader than long, posterior
margin feebly indented, 4th joint strongly expanded on posterior
margin, anterior margin with 5 groups of 3 spines each and a group
on apex, 5th shorter than 4th and equal to half its distal width,
anterior margin with 2 groups of spines, outer and inner apices each
with a group of spines, 6th subequal to anterior margin of 4th,
anterior margin with 5 groups of spines and a large pointed spine at
apex.

Fourth peraeopod similar, but 2nd joint longer than broad,
posterior margin nearly straight, faintly indented, greatest width of
4th joint near base and not near apex, inner margin of 6th with only
4 groups of setae.

Fifth peraeopod, length of 2nd joint proportionately to width
greater than in 4th peraeopod, posterior margin convex, the indents
rather stronger and more numerous than in 3rd or 4th.

First and second uropods, inner ramus a little longer than outer,
inner margins of both spinose.

Third uropod, outer ramus longer than inner, with small 2nd joint,

112 Annals of the South African Museum.

outer and inner margins of both rami spinulose, inner margin of inner
ramus with some plumose setae in addition.

Side-plates and postero-lateral angles of pleon segments 1-3 as in
E. chelatus Norman (see Sars, l.c. pl. 40, fig. 1).

Telson as in Chevreux’s figure but with 2 spinules on each apex.

Length: 17 mm.

Colour: In spirit, yellowish white.

Locality: Cape Point NE. by E. ¢ E., distant 38 miles. 755 fathoms,
1? g. s.s. “Pieter Faure.” 23/6/03. (S.A.M. No. A129.)

Geogr. Distribution: Gulf of Gascony, 1453 metres (Chevreux).

The main differences between this and the northern form are: the
larger size, the number of flagellar joints in Ist and 2nd antennae, the
relative lengths of 4th and 5th joints of peduncle of 2nd antennae,
the shape of the palp of Ist maxilla and the palm of 2nd gnathopod.
As regards the last two features, Chevreux’s figures are not as clear as
could be desired for purposes of an exact comparison. The other
features cannot be deemed of specific value.

PARAVALETTIA n. g.

Body not compressed. Side-plates not large, 4th only shghtly
emarginate behind. Mandible short and broad, cutting-edge obscurely
dentate, palp central. Inner plate of maxilliped with 4 apical
teeth, outer plate with 2 spine-teeth on inner apex, palp 4-jointed.
First gnathopod fairly stout, strongly chelate. Second gnathopod
elongate, slender, chelate. Third to fifth peraeopods with 2nd joint
moderately expanded. Uropod 3 with 2-jointed outer ramus only.
Telson ovate, entire.

This genus is near to Valettia Stebbing in having a dentate cutting-
edge to the mandible, but is distinguished by the chelate Ist and 2nd
gnathopods, uniramous 5rd uropod and entire telson. These last two
features it possesses in common with Onesinoides Stebbing, from
which, however, the chelate Ist gnathopod separates it.

Valettiopsis Holmes, 1908, appears to differ very little from Valettia.

PARAVALETTIA CHELATA N. sp.
(Plate XXVI. Figs. 2-8.)

Body rounded dorsally. Antero-lateral angles of head obtuse. Eyes
not discernible. Side-plate 1 oblong, not narrowed below, smaller

than 2, 2-4 subequal, subquadrate, inferior margin rounded, 5 twice

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 113

as long as deep, bilobed, lobes subequal, 6 smaller than 5, slightly
bilobed. Postero-inferior angles of 3rd pleon segment quadrate,
entire.

Telson longer than broad, ovate-lanceolate, apically acute, entire,
without setae.

First antenna, 1st joint fairly broad, 2nd subequal to Ist, 3rd 3
length of 2nd, flagellum equal to 2nd and 3rd together, slender, 4-
jointed, Ist joint longest, accessory flagellum slender, a trifle longer
than Ist flagellar joint, 2-jointed, 2nd joint minute.

Second antenna subequal to Ist, ultimate joint 3 length of penulti-
mate, flagellum scarcely equal to ultimate joint, slender, 3-jointed.

Mandibles stout, cutting-edge obscurely 4-dentate, secondary
cutting-edge obscure, molar weak, Ist joint of palp half 2nd, 3rd a
trifle longer than Ist, tipped with 35 setae.

First maxilla, inner plate not observed, outer plate obliquely trun-
cate, with (?) 5 spines, palp 2-jointed, Ist joimt minute, 2nd extending
beyond outer plate and tipped with 3 spinules.

Second maxilla, plates about equal in length, inner broader, with
3 apical setae, outer with 4 apical setae.

Maxilliped, inner plate with 4 blunt teeth on apex, outer plate
reaching to a little beyond end of Ist joint of palp, inner apex not
produced, but bearing 2 ovate spine-teeth, inner margin with 1-2
setules, palp 4-jointed, Ist not as large as 2nd, 4th as long as 3rd,
unguiform, curved.

First gnathopod, 2nd joint straight, slightly wider distally, 3rd and
4th subequal, 3rd with 2 apical setae, 4th with 5, 5th triangular,
inferior lobe with 6 setae, increasing in length, 6th longer and broader
than 5th, inferior apex produced as a triangular thumb nearly equal in
leneth to front margin of 6th, both its margins straight, apex obscurely
bifid, inferior margin with a notch at base of thumb bearing 4-5
curving setae, finger matching and fitting closely to thumb, strong,
straight, curved only at apex.

Second gnathopod slender, almost unarmed, 2nd joint longest,
somewhat fusiform, 3rd and 5th subequal, 4th shorter, 6th equal to
4th and 5th together, apex produced as a straight thumb, nearly half
length of front margin, apex upturned, finger straight, as long as and
fitting closely to thumb, apically curved.

First and second peraeopods, 4th joint produced halfway along 5th,
inner margin of 5th with 3 setae, of 6th with 4 setules, finger with
unguis scarcely half length of 6th.

Third peraeopod, 2nd joint not greatly expanded, half as long again
as broad, oblong, hind margin straight, slightly serrate, postero-

114 Annals of the South African Museum.

inferior angle rounded, reaching almost to end of 3rd, 4th produced
= along 5th.

Fourth peraeopod, 2nd joint similar to that of 3rd peraeopod, serra-
tion on hind margin a little stronger, 4th produced $ along 5th.

Fifth peraeopod, 2nd joint more strongly expanded, broader distally
than proximally, hind-margin convex, serrate, postero-inferior angle
rounded, reaching to end of 3rd, 4th produced to end of 5th.

First uropod, rami subequal, longer than peduncle, smooth, tapering,
shehtly curved.

Second uropod, rami subequal to one another and to peduncle,
smooth, tapering, slightly curved.

Third uropod, ramus longer than peduncle, lanceolate, 2nd joint
distinct, short but stout, upturned, upper margins with a row of
closely set setules, a minute tubercle on inner apex of peduncle perhaps
represents the inner ramus.

Length: 3 mm.

Colour: In spirit, whitish.

Locality: Sea Point near Cape Town. 26/2/14. (K.H.B.)
1 ovigerous 9? andl juyv. (S8.A.M. No. A2937.)

Gen. AMARYILLIS Haswell.
1880. Amaryllis Haswell, Pr. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. vol. 4, p. 253.

1888. ms Stebbing, Challeng. Rep. vol. 29, p. 698.
1893. a Della Valle, F. Fl. Neapel. vol. 20, p. 781.

1904. Vijaya Walker in Herdman’s Ceylon Pearl Fish. Rep. 2,
pp. 231-241.
1906. Amaryllis Stebbing, Das Tierreich 21, pp. 23, 717.

1910. Py id. Sci. Res. “ Thetis,” pt. 12, pp. 569, 570.
1911. a Chevreux, Bull. ’Inst. Océan. Monaco. No. 204,
jos JU

AMARYLLIS MACROPHTHALMA Haswell.

1880. Amaryllis macrophthalmus Haswell, l.c. p. 253, pl. 8, fig. 3.

1908. es Pe Stebbing, S.A. Crust. pt. 4, p, 67.

1909. ks macrophthalna Walker, Tr. Linn. Soc. Lond. 2nd
ser., vol. 12, pt. 4, p. 327.

1909. Ye ie Chilton, Tr. Roy. Soc. Edinb. vol. 48,
pt. 2, p. 463.

1910. - - Stebbing, l.c. p. 569.

1910. x macrophthalmus id. Gen. Cat. S.A. Crust. p. 448.

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 115

Stebbing has already described specimens of this species from
Algoa Bay and remarked upon some of the features in which the
South African specimens differ from previous descriptions. These
same specimens I have re-examined, aud on the whole am able to con-
firm Stebbing’s remarks. I make, however, certain further observa-
tions on the sexual differences in the uropods, and as regards the
peraeopods I find certain small discrepancies.

The peduncle and outer ramus of the Ist and 2nd uropods are
covered with fairly numerous spines along the upper margins, inner
ramus of Ist uropod with rather fewer spines, inner ramus of 2nd
uropod constricted at its distal third, with 1 spine at the constriction
and 3 spines nearer base. Third uropod in ¢ as described by Steb-
bing; in the 2, however, with only 3 setae on distal part of inner
margin of outer ramus and 3 small spinules on distal part of outer
margin of inner ramus.

The fringe of setae on 5th and 6th joints (Stebbing, Lc. p. 68, writes
“Ath and 5th”’ by a laps. cal.) of 1st gnathopod does not seem to be
present normally ; the 5th joint has 5-6 pairs of setae on hind margin
and 2-3 on apex, 6th joint has a row of fine, short and closely-set
setules along whole hind margin and in addition 6 isolated tufts of
setae. ‘he corresponding joints of 2nd gnathopod on the other hand
do have a dense fringe of setae. There are no sexual differences in
either of the gnathopods.

Specimens from Simon’s Bay in False Bay agree with the Algoa
Bay specimens.

Stebbing has also mentioned a small specimen, presumably from
Algoa Bay like the others, with pale eyes, Ist joint of Ist antenna
with 2 acute spines, telsonic apices with a small tooth, and other
variations. Adult specimens from False Bay have the following
characters :

Pale eyes, acute teeth on Ist peduncular joint of Ist antenna,
flagellum 30-jointed, accessory flagellum 7-jointed, 2nd antenna with
flagellum 30-jointed in ?, in ¢ reaching to end of body, 2nd joint of
mandibular palp with 1 apical seta, Ist and 2nd gnathopods and uropods
as above described for the dark-eyed form, with the same sexual differ-
ences in the uropods, telson as described by Stebbing.

Length: g 10 mm.; largest ovigerous 2 13 mm. (light-eyed
form). ;

Localities: Dark-eyed form: Algoa Bay, 4-16 fathoms (Stebbing) ;
Saldanha Bay, 25 fathoms (Chilton, presumably dark-eyed, but this
point not mentioned); Table Bay, shore. 1g, 19. 26, 3/96 (Dr.

J.D. F. Gilchrist), and og, 2? 9, 1897 (Dr. W. F. Purcell) ; Kalk

116 Annals of the South African Museum.

Bay (False Bay), shore. ¢@¢, 22. 1897. (Dr. W. F. Purcell.) ;
Sea Point, near Cape Town. 15/11/13. (K.H.B.) 1g, ? 2 and
young; Simon’s Bay (False Bay). 5 2 9, Umhlangakulu River
mouth NW. by N. distant 7 miles. 50 fathoms. 1¢,19. Port
Shepstone WNW. distant 2 miles. 24 fathoms. 1 2. s.s. ‘ Pieter
Faure.” 10/3/96, 14/3/01, and 15/3/01. (S.A.M., Nos. A233, 1286,
1287, A2933, A2738, A2810 and A281] respectively.)

Light-eyed form: Algoa Bay, 4-6 fathoms. 1 juv. (Stebbing) ;
Zwartkip NE. } N. distant 1 mile (False Bay). 10 fathoms.
Lg, 5 2 2; Seal Island SW. 3} 8. distant ? mile (False Bay.)
11 fathoms. 1 2 ; Glendower Beacon N. 4 W. distant 16 miles (off
Port Alfred). 66 fathoms. 1 ovigerous ?. s.s. ‘“ Pieter Faure.”
17/11/02, 12/11/02, and 10/9/01. (S.A.M. Nos. A136, A2739. and
A2740 respectively. )

Thus it seems that the dark- and light-eyed forms exist side by side
and are co-extensive in range, although it would be most interesting to
have a larger number of localities.

Gren. CYPHOCARIS Boeck.
1871. Cyphocaris Boeck, Forh. Vidensk. Selsk. Christian. 1870,

p-103.
1905. — Chevreux, Bull. Mus. Océan. Monaco. No. 24, p. 1.
1905. as id. ibid. Now27, p. 1.
1906. “3 Stebbing, Das Tierreich 21, pp. 28, 717.
1909, Es Walker, Tr. Linn. Soc. Lond. 2nd Ser. Zool.

vol. 12, pt. 4, p. 327.

CYPHOCARIS RICHARDI Chevreux.

1905. Cyphocaris richardi Chevreux, l.c. No. 24, p- 1, figs. 1, 2a-g.
1906. be % Stebbing, Le. p. 717.
1909. - rf Strauss. Wiss. Ergebn. D. Tiefsee Exp.

vol. 20, pt. 1, p. 65, pl. 6, fig. 37 and
text-figs. 39, 40.

1910. é ut Stebbing, Gen. Cat. S.A. Crust. p. 449.

The following variations from the typical form as described and
figured by Chevreux are noticeable, the chief differences being in the
number of teeth on the 2nd joint of 3rd—5th peraeopods.

Side-plate 4, inferior margin less angularly convex.

Third peraeopod, 2nd joint with postero-inferior angle squarely
produced, posterior margin with 10 teeth, very small basally, distally

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. LE?

not as large as in Chevreux’s figure, inferior margin without teeth, a
very shallow emargination just before postero-inferior angle.

Fourth peraeopod, 2nd joint with 14 teeth on posterior margin, the
teeth indistinct basally.

Fifth peraeopod, 2nd jomt 425 mm.x2 mm., basal portion of
posterior margin entire, distal portion with 8 teeth, greater part of
posterior margin straight, not slightly convex.

Third uropod, the small 2nd joint on outer ramus much shorter.

Length: 28 mm.; posterior margin of Ist peraeon segment to apex
of horn: 5 mm.; first and second antennae: 10 mm. and ca. 22 mm.
respectively.

Colour: In spirit, yellowish.

Locality: Cape Poimt NE. 4 N., distant 49 miles. 700-1000
fathoms. 1? g. ss. “Pieter Faure.” 27/9/03. (S.A.M. No.
A119.)

Geogr. Distribution: Azores, 3000 metres (Chevreux) ; off south
point of Africa and at New Amsterdam, 2000-2500 metres (Strauss,
“ Valdivia ’’).

Chevreux, in discussing the affinities of C. alicei Chevy. (l.c. No. 27,
p. 6), says: “Il est également difficile d’admettre que le nombre des
dents de Varticle basal des pattes de la 5° paire [3rd peraeopods |
puisse diminuer au cours de la croissance de l’animal et que ces dents
finissent par disparaitre tout a fait. En général, c’est plutdot le con-
traire qui a lieu,” and makes this one reason for separating C. alicei
from C. challengeri Stebbing. The present specimen, however, would
seem to contradict this; moreover, Walker (1909, l.c. p. 327), in dis-
cussing C. alicei, says the teeth are present on the process of the
2nd joint of the 3rd peraeopod in the small specimen (3 mm.), but not
in the large specimens (15 mm.). Unfortunately no descriptive
account has yet been published of the ‘“ Valdivia” material. Since
numerous specimens were taken by this expedition, it is probable that
they will have some bearing on the question of the variation, accord-
ing to age and sex, of these teeth.

CYPHOCARIS FAUREI Na. sp.
(Plate XXVI. Fig. 4.)

Head half length of Ist peraeon segment ; eyes pear-shaped, widest
below. First segment of peraeon equal to 2nd and 3rd together,
slightly swollen in front, but not projecting overhead, Side-plate 1
semi-circular, 2 triangular, deeper than long, anterior margin distally
slightly emarginate, 3 subrectangular, as deep as long, 4 obovate,

118 Annals of the South African Myseum.

anterior and inferior margins strongly convex, posterior margin con-
cave on either side of a small projecting tooth situate a little below the
middle, 5 subrectangular, longer than deep, similar to that figured by
Chevreux for ¢ of C. alicei (lc. p. 3, fig. 2 F), but the groove along
the inferior margin less distinct, 6 subrectangular, as deep as long,
7 semicircular.

Pleon segment 4 concave at base, segments 1 and 2 with a low
oblique keel running out to the subacute postero-inferior angles,
postero-inferior angle of segment 8 a little produced, acute.

Telson equal in length to 4th, 5th and half 6th pleon segments
together, long, narrow, tapering, cleft for } its length, apices entire,
‘both margins and apices without spinules.

First antenna 12 mm. long, flagellum ca. 32-jointed, Ist joint
strongly setose on inner and lower surfaces, each of the other joints
with a few setules and one calceolus, accessory flagellum 7-jointed, Ist
and 7th joints elongate.

Second antenna ca. 32 mm. long, 4th joint strongly convex on
posterior margin (as in C. alicei Chevreux), 4th and 5th joints with
tufts of setae on anterior margin, flageilum ca. 180-jointed.

Epistome shorter than broad, proximally not so produced as in
C. challengeri Stebbing, not projecting in front of upper lip.

Lower lips as in C. challengeri, with thick fringe of setae on outer
and inner margins of the lobes.

Mandibles similar to those of C. anonyx Boeck, molar distinct,
denticulate, palp nearly twice length of trunk, lst joint as broad as
long, 2nd joint equal to trunk, its greatest width nearly equal to half
its length, outer margin slightly concave proximally, distally straight,
inner margin strongly angled, 3rd joint half length of 2nd, elongate
ovate, apically acute, inner distal margin of 2nd and whole of inner
margin of 3rd with fringe of long setae, those at apex of 3rd joint
pectinate.

First maxilla, inner plate with ca. 12 plumose spine-setae, diminish-
ing and passing gradually into ordinary setae near base, outer plate
with 11 spines, the inner ones denticulate, palp with 1st joint broader
than long, 2nd joint widest distally, distal margin subtruncate, with
ca. 16 stout spine-teeth, increasing in size from inner to outer margin,
and a number of setae.

Second maxilla as in C. challengeri, but more strongly setose.

Maxilliped, inner plate with 3 stout spine-teeth and several setae on
apex and 1 more elongate spine-tooth just below apex, outer plate with
ca. 20 close-set spine-teeth, rather more elongate than in C. challengeri
or C. anonyz, at least twice as long as broad, palp strongly setose.

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 119

First gnathopod, 2nd joint equal to the 5 following joints, 5th and
6th subequal in length, but 5th rather broader, 7th but not 6th serrate
on hind margin.

Second gnathopod, 2nd joint curved, twice as long as 3rd, 38rd and
5th subequal, 4th and 6th subequal and shorter than 5rd or 5th, inner
margin of 6th not serrate, 7th not equal to width of 6th, curved, inner
margin not serrate, setae on 5th and 6th joints not clavate.

First peraeopod not quite as long as 2nd gnathopod, 4th and 5th
joints subequal, 6th a little longer, with 5 groups of spines on inner
and 4 on outer margin, 7th half length of 6th.

Second peraeopod, 5th and 6th joints subequal, 4th a little longer,
7th = 6th.

Third peraeopod, 2nd joint produced backwards in a long curved
spiniform process reaching to end of 5th joint, hind margin quite
entire, 4th joint equal to 5th, 6th a little longer, inner margin of 6th
with 6 groups of spines, outer margin with 2 groups.

Fourth peraeopod, 2nd joint twice as long as broad, ovate, posterior
margin produced a little beyond insertion of 3rd joint, apex acute,
posterior margin evenly convex, with 5 quite small teeth, 4th, 5th and
6th joints increasing slightly in length, 5th with 3, 6th with 6 groups
of spines on anterior margin, 7th half length of 6th.

Fifth peraeopod, 2nd joint as in 4th peraeopod, but a trifle larger
and broader, posterior margin with 7 small teeth, 4th, 5th and 6th
subequal, 5th with 4, 6th with 7 groups of spines on anterior margin,
7th half length of 6th,

First and second uropods, rami narrow lanceolate, subequal, a little
shorter than peduncle, which is setose on inner margin, 2 spines on
inner margin of inner ramus near base, rest of inner margin of both
rami with small closely-set spinules.

Third uropod, outer ramus twice as long as peduncle and reaching
telsonic apex, inner ramus a little shorter, both rami ovate lanceolate,
inner margins fringed with long plumose setae, 2nd joint of outer
ramus with a small spinule on either side of its base.

Length: 30 mm.; depth from back to inferior margin of 5th side-
plate: 6 mm.

Colour: In spirit, yellowish.

Locality: Cape Point N. 70° E., distant 40 miles. 800 fathoms.
1 ¢. East London NW. 3 N., distant 18 miles. 250-300 fathoms.
1 ¢. s.s. “ Pieter Faure.” 22/7/03 and 15/4/01. (S.A.M., Nos.
A120 and A2768.)

The distinguishing characters of this species are to be found in the
lst peraeon segment, the 4th side-plate, the 2nd joints of 3rd to 5th

120 Annals of the South African Museum.

peraeopods, the telsonic apex, the palp of Ist maxilla, the outer plate
of the maxilliped, and the details of the spines and setae on the
various appendages.

Named after the Cape Government trawler s.s. ‘‘ Pieter Faure.”

Gren. LYSIANASSA M. Edw.

1820. Lysianassa (part) M. Edwards.

1888. Lysianax (part) Stebbing, Challeng. Rep. vol. 29, p. 681.

1904. 5 Walker in Herdman’s Ceylon Pearl Fish. Suppl.
Rep. 17, p. 242.

1906. Lysianassa, Stebbing, Das Tierreich 21, p. 37.

1909. ws Walker, Tr. Linn. Soc. Lond. ser. 2, vol. 12, pt. 4,
p. 827.
1910, i Chevreux, Mém. Soc. Zool. Fr. vol. 23, p. 158.

LysIANASSA CUBENSIS (Stebbing).

1897. Lysianaz cubensis Stebbing, Tr. Linn. Soc. Lond. ser. 2, vol. 7,
Dt). 20; pl ade.

1906. Lysianassa _,, id. l.c. p: 38.

1912. ss mn Chilton, Tr. Roy. Soc. Edinb. vol. 48, pt. 2,
p. 464, pl. 1, fig. 5.

Chilton has recorded this species from Saldanha Bay, and given a
figure of the 3rd uropod, remarking that the keeled peduncle is quite
characteristic. Compared with Stebbing’s figure, the 3rd uropods of
the South African specimens are not so short and stumpy; they are
about intermediate between Stebbing’s figure and Della Valle’s figure
of those of L. bispinosa (Della Valle). In the ¢ the keel is not so
pronounced, and the whole uropod is a little longer than in the 9°,
the rami are fringed with long setae. In both sexes the outer upper
margin of the peduncle, which in Stebbing’s specimen was notched, is
in the South African specimens entire, as in L. bispinosa.

The Ist joint of the lst antennae sometimes has indications of 1 or
2 teeth on the apex, but these are never prominent; the flagellum is
8-10-jointed, accessory flagellum 5-6-jointed, equal to half or a little
more than half the flagellum.

Ultimate joint of 2nd antenna a little longer than penultimate,
flagellum 9-12-jointed in 9.

Teeth on apex of palp of Ist maxilla evanescent in large specimens,
in smaller ones 6, as described by Stebbing.

Apex of hind margin of 6th joint of 2nd gnathopod in ? produced

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 121

as a narrow, subacute, upwardly curved lobe, scabrous and setose,
palm transverse, slightly sinuous; in J slightly preduced as a blunt,
rounded lobe.

Third to fifth peraeopods, hind margin of 2nd joint slightly serrate.

Second uropod, rami more slender than in Stebbing’s figure.

The wpper posterior angle of 5rd pleon segment as well as the lower
posterior angle is rounded. This forms a ready mark of distinction
between this species. and the other South African species L. variegata
(Stimpson), which has the upper angle somewhat acute. The telson
and the 3rd uropods are also distinguishing features between the two
species.

Length: § 13 mm., ovigerous ? 14-17 mm.

Colour: Whitish, semipellucid, with a faint pink or pale brown
tinge dorsally, sometimes with a brown dorsal patch on peraeon seg-
ments 1-3 and 7 and a brown transverse band between pleon segments
land 2 and 2and 3. Eyes black.

Locality: Table Bay. 1897 (Dr. W. F. Purcell). 1913-14 (K.H.B.)
6S and ovigerous ? 2; Buffel’s Bay (False Bay). 28/9/13. ©
(K.H.B.) ovigerous 2? 2; Glendower Beacon N. 4 W., distant 16
miles (near Port Alfred). 66 fathoms. 1] 9, Cove Rock N. ? E.,,
distant 5 miles. 43 fathoms. 1 2. s.s. “‘ Pieter Faure.” 10/9/U1
and 1/8/01. (S.A.M. Nos. 1271-72, 1285, A2929-32, A2536, A128
and A2741.)

Geogr. Distribution: Caribbean Sea (Stebbing); Cape Town and
Saldanha Bay, 0-25 fathoms (Chilton).

In the character of the 3rd uropods and Ist antennae the South
African specimens certainly approach the Mediterranean L. bispinosa,
and with more material from other localities it might be possible to
unite L. cubensis with the latter.

Gen. ARISTIAS Boeck.

1871. Avistias Boeck, Forh. Selsk. Christian. 1870, p. 106.
1890 & 95.,, G. O. Sars, Crust. Norw. vol. 1, pp. 47, 675.

1893. » Della Valle, F. u. Fl. Neapel. vol, 20, p. 843.

1900. ,, Chevreux, Rés. Camp. Monaco. vol. 16, p. 18.

1906. » Stebbing, Das Tierreich 21, pp. 49, 718.

1907. , Walker, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. 17, p. 454.

ARISTIAS SYMBIOTICA n, Sp.

Lateral corners of head slightly produced, blunt. Eyes moderately
large, oval or nearly circular. Side-plate 1 longer than deep. Postero-

9

122 Annals of the South African Museum.

inferior angle of 3rd pleon segment quadrate, hind margin finely
serrulate.

Telson as broad as long, cleft for } length, lobes slightly dehiscent,
each apex with a stout spine set in a notch, outer lateral margins
strongly convex.

First antenna, 2nd joint half length of Ist, 3rd 4 2nd, flagellum
nearly equal to peduncle, setose, ca. 8-jointed in ¢, 6 in 9, accessory
flagellum 2-jointed, the 2nd small.

Second antenna not as long as Ist, 4th and 5th peduncular joints
subequal, flagellum 1} times last peduncular joint, 5-jointed in ¢,
4in 9.

Mandible with the molar prominent but not very acuminate, like
that of A. antarcticus Walker.

The other mouth-parts normal.

First gnathopod, 2nd joint slightly contracted in the middle, 6th
joint a little longer but narrower than 5th, its inferior margin minutely
spinulose, with a short spine in the middle and 2-3 at the apex.

Second gnathopod, 6th joint shorter and very slightly narrower than
5th, both joints setose.

First and second peraeopods normal.

Third to fifth peraeopods, hind margin of 2nd joint shghtly convex,
with 3-4 slight serrations in 3rd and 4th peraeopods, 6 in 5th.

First to third uropods with a short spine at end of peduncles, all
the rami minutely spinulose on both margins, both rami of 3rd lanceo-
late, inner ramus longer than Ist joint of outer ramus, 2nd joint half
length of Ist.

Length: @ 4mm.; 2 3 mm.

Colour: In spirit, reddish pink.

Locality: Cape Hangklip NE. ¢ E., distant 27 miles (False Bay).
105 fathoms. 1 ¢, several ovigerous 2 2 and immature specimens.
s.s. Pieter Faure.” 26/2/02. (S.A.M. No. A3816.)

All the species of this genus seem to lead a semiparasitic existence
either in the branchial cavity of Ascidians (A. neglectus) or in sponges
(A. topsenti Chevreux). Bonnier records his A. commensalis as living
in association with a sponge and an Asteroid. The present species
was found associated with an Ophiuroid occupying cavities and
galleries in a sponge covering the gastropod Tritonium murrayi (Smith).

Gen. ICHNOPUS Costa.

1853. Ichnopus Costa, Rend. Soc. Borbon. n. s., vol. 2, p. 169.
1857. x id. Mem. Ac, Napoli. vol. 1, p. 188.

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 12

Ww

1890. Ichnopus G. O. Sars, Crust. Norw. vol. 1, p. 39.

1893. mA (part) Della Valle, F. Fl. Neapel. vol. 20, p. 800.

1895. - Chevreux, Mem. Soc. Zool. Fr. vol. 8, p. 425.

1906. s Stebbing, Das Tierreich 21, p. 52.

1909. a. Walker, Tr. Linn. Soc. Lond. 2nd ser., zool., vol. 12,
pt. 4, p. 328.

IcHNOPUS TAURUS Costa.

1851. Ichnopus taurus Costa, l.c. p. 172.

1861. Ss spinicornis Boeck, Forh. Skand. Naturf. Mode 8,
p- 645.

1866. : affinis Heller, Denk. Ak. Wien. vol. 26, 2, p. 19, pl. 2,
figs. 19-25.

1866. - calceolatus id. ibid., p. 20, pl. 2, figs. 26-28.

1871. A: minutus Boeck, Forh. Selsk. Christian. 1870, p. 99.

1890. oe spinicornis G. O. Sars, l.c. p. 40, pl. 15.

18938. a taurus Della Valle, l.c. p. 801, pl. 3, fig. 1, pl. 27,

figs. 1-22.
1906. _ spinicornis and taurus Stebbing, Lec. pp. 52-53.
1909. s serricrus Walker, l.c. p. 328, pl. 43, fig. 1.

The single ¢ specimen agrees in every respect with the figures given
by Sars for I. spinicornis Boeck (l.c. p. 40, pl. 15) and by Della Valle
for I. taurus Costa (Le. p. 801, pl. 3, fig. 1, pl. 27, figs. 1-22) except
in the following points: the cutting-edge of mandibles is straight and
has a small tooth at each end; the palp of Ist maxilla widens distally
and has 6 little projecting teeth ; 2nd joint of 38rd peraeopod resembles
that figured by Waiker for I. servicrus ; apices of telson project a little
beyond the stout spine at the end of outer margin and bear in addition
a minute seta set in a small indent ; accessory flagellum has 7 joints.
The finger of gnathopod | expanded and spinose as in I tawrus.

There seems little doubt that I. tawrus and spinicornis are con-
specific. The discovery of the northern form spinicornis in the Java
Sea is confirmatory. Sars’ figures of the 2nd joint of the 3rd peraeo-
pod give the impression of being intermediate between that of tawrus
and that of serricrus.

Length: 16 mm,

Colour: In spirit, yellowish, eyes pale brown.

Locality: Great Fish Point Lighthouse NW., distant 9 miles (near
Port Alfred). 51 fathoms. 1 ¢. ss. “Pieter Faure.” 3/9/01.
(S.A.M. No. A138.) P

Geogr. Distribution: North Atlantic ; Norway, 20-50 fathoms (Sars,

124 Annals of the South African Museum.

spinicornis) ; Mediterranean (Della Valle, taurus); Java, 3° S.
107° E. (Stebbing, spinicornis) ; Seychelles, 0-85 fathoms (Walker,

serricrus).

Gen. SOCARNOPSIS Chevreux.

1910. Socarnopsis Chevreux, Mem. Soc. Zool. Fr. vol. 28 (1910),
p. 164.

The Ichnopus schmardae Della Valle (non Heller), as Stebbing and
Chevreux have pointed out, cannot be retained in the genus Ichnopus,
but must be transferred to the present genus. Chevreux has enume-
rated the differences between schmardae and his own crenulata.

SOCARNOPSIS CRENULATA Chevreux.

1910. Socarnopsis crenulata Chevreux, l.c. p. 165, text-fig. 2 and
pl. 7, figs. 1-18 (¢ 2).

Chevreux’s 9 measured 5°5 mm., whereas the South African ¢
specimen measures double that size, so that it is not surprising to find
a few minor points of difference.

First antenna, flagellum 20-jointed, 1st joint as long as peduncle
with ca. 18 transverse rows of setae, accessory flagellum 7-jointed, Ist
joint equal to the following 4 joints.

Maxilliped, inner apical angle of inner plate projecting, tooth-like,
surrounded by several rather stout setae.

First and second gnathopods, 6th joint slightly more setiferous than
in Chevreux’s figures. The finger of the 2nd gnathopod has a small
tooth at apex of interior margin as in 1st gnathopod.

Third peraeopod, anterior margin of 2nd joint with 16 spinules,
anterior margin of 6th joint with 6 pairs of spinules.

Fourth peraeopod, anterior margin of 2nd joint with 11 spinules,
the basal portion being unarmed.

Fifth peraeopod similarly with 14 spinules, chiefly at the distal end.

First and second uropods, peduncle and rami each with a row of
spines along upper margins.

Third uropod, outer ramus with distinct 2nd joint and a small
spinule on inner apex of Ist joint.

Length: 11 mm.

Colour: In spirit, yellowish, eyes pale brown.

Locality: Glendower Beacon N. 3 W., distant 16 miles (near Port

Alfred). 66 fathoms. 1 3%. s.s. “Pieter Faure.” 10/9/01. (38.A.M.
No. A135.)

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 125

Geogr. Distribution: Mediterranean, Hyéres, Corsica, coast of Tunis,
6-170 metres.

Gren. HIPPOMEDON Boeck.

1871. Hippomedon Boeck, Forh. Selsk. Christian. 1870, p. 102.
1906. pa Stebbing, Das Tierreich 21, pp. 58, 719.

HIPPOMEDON LONGIMANUS (Stebbing).

1888. Plutamon longimanus Stebbing, Challeng. Rep. vol. 29, p. 643,

pl. 1s.
1906. Hippomedon _ ,, Gls Me, joe, (60).
1910. Fs os id. Gen. Cat. S.A. Crust. p. 449.

Stebbing has recorded a specimen from off the Cape Peninsula with-
out further remark than that the eyes were nonapparent. A smaller
and presumably young specimen of the same species from off Cape
Point shows the following peculiarities :

The dorsal keel on the 4th pleon segment does not end acutely, the
Ist joint of the Ist antenna is not produced, second antenna not very
much longer than first, flagellum 15-jointed, inner plate of Ist maxilla
with 4 setae (as in H. geelongi Stebbing), but inner margin not setose,
palp not hirsute, with 12 short apical spine-teeth, inner plate of 2nd
maxilla not setose along inner margin and not basally widened, maxil-
liped with inner plates not remarkably broad and 38rd joint of palp
broadly oval, palm of 2nd gnathopod not concave, apex of telson more
rounded.

The first, second and last of these characters are found also in
Stebbing’s Cape specimen, the mouth parts of which, however, I have
not dissected.

Three other specimens from the Natal coast, also apparently immature,
are more typical in having the 2nd antenna much longer than the Ist,
inner plate of Ist maxilla with 2 setae and the telsonic apices fairly
narrow. On the other hand, they resemble the Cape Point specimen
in having no acute keel on 4th pleon segment, palm of 2nd gnathopod
not concave, inner plate of 2nd maxilla and inner plate of maxilliped
not broad, and 3rd joint of palp of maxilliped broadly oval. The
postero-inferior angles of 38rd pleon segment are quite short, shorter
even than in the Challenger specimen, whereas in the other two Cape
specimens the process is longer than in the Challenger specimen.

Length: 9 mm. (Cape), 8 mm. (Natal).

Colour: In spirit, yellowish white.

126 Annals of the South African Museum.

Locality: Cape Point NE. by E., distant 36 miles. 650 fathoms.
1 (? juv.); Umhloti River mouth N. by W. 5 W., distant 8 miles
(Natal). 40 fathoms. 8 (? juv.). ss. “Pieter Faure.” 15/7/03
and 18/12/00. (S.A.M. Nos. A2845 and A2846).

Geogr. Distribution: Cape Fimisterre, 1125 fathoms (Stebbing) ;
Table Mt. E. distant 41 miles, 245 fathoms (Stebbing).

Gen. URISTES Dana.

1849. Uristes Dana, Amer. J. Sci. ser. 2, vol. 8, p. 186.

1852. 33 id. Pr.-Amer. Ac. vol. 2, p. 209.

1862. __,, Bate, Cat. Amph. Brit. Mus. p. 89.

1888. __,, Stebbing, Challeng. Rep. vol. 29, p. 263.

1889. id. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist, ser. 7, vol. 4, p. 211.
1891. Pseudotryphosa G. O. Sars, Crust. Norw. vol. 1, p. 83.
1893. Tryphosella (part) Bonnier, Bull. Sci. Fr. Belg. vol. 24, p.
1893. Uristes Della Valle, F. Fl. Neapel. vol. 20, p. 836.

1906. - Stebbing, Das Tierreich 21, p. 63.

URISTES NATALENSIS UN. Sp.

Head equal to 3rd peraeon segment, antero-lateral angles acute,
eyes indistinct.

Peraeon segments 1 and 2 subequal, shorter than 5rd. Side-plate
1 widening slightly distally, antero-inferior angle broadly rounded,
postero-inferior angle quadrate, a small indent carrying a seta on
inferior margin at posterior corner, side-plates 2-4 increasing gradu-
ally in length, overlapping, the inferior margin of 2nd and 3rd like-
wise with an indent and seta at posterior corner, side-plate 5 broader
than deep, bilobed, anterior lobe deeper than posterior, 6th and 7th
side-plates quadrate, subequal, 6th scarcely bilobed.

Pleon well developed with large pleura, postero-inferior angle of
1st rounded, of 2nd quadrate with a small point, of 3rd quadrate with
small squarely-upturned apex ; 4th pleon segment somewhat depressed
basally, apically neither carinate nor produced.

Telson oblong with deep and rather wide cleft, apices acute with
1 spine and 3-4 small setules, side margin with 1 spine near base and
another just beyond the middle.

First antenna equal to head plus first 2 or 3 peraeon segments, Ist
joint twice length of 2nd and 38rd together, 3rd very short, flagellum
twice leneth of peduncle, 20-jointed, calceoliferous, 1st joint very large
and equal to Ist peduncular joint, with ca. 18 transverse rows of setae,
accessory flagellum 6-jointed, Ist equal to 2nd and 8rd together.

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 127

Second antenna in ¢ equal to ¢ total length, 4th and 5th joints
subequal, flagellum with 1st joint not large.

Epistome not projecting.

Mandible, molar well developed, palp affixed above it, 3rd joimt
almost equal to 2nd.

First maxilla, mner plate with 2 plumose setae on apex and fine
setules along inner margin, outer plate with 11 spines, palp large
widest across the straight distal margin which bears 12-15 short,
stout, blunt and closely-set spine-teeth and 1-2 setae.

Second maxilla, plates subequal in width, inner a little shorter than
outer, the oblique apex with numerous spines, inner margin setulose.

Maxilliped, apex of inner plate with 2 teeth and several spines, inner
margin with ca. 8 stout setae, outer plate reaching a little beyond apex
of 2nd joint of palp, inner margin with ca. 14 short, stout, blunt and
closely-set spine-teeth, increasing in length distally, palp with 4th joint
nearly equal to 5rd.

First gnathopod, 2nd joint equals 4th, 5th and 6th together, 5rd
shorter than 4th, 4th and 6th subequal, 5th longer, 6th oblong, palm
oblique, with 1 rather strong seta at very ill-defined junction with
inferior margin, setae on both margins and palm fairly numerous,
finger not quite half length of 6th but longer than palm, without a
tooth on inner margin.

Second gnathopod slender, 2nd joint equals 4th, 5th and 6th to-
gether, 3rd rather more than half length of 2nd and equal to 5th, 5th
not expanded at inferior apex, scabrous, 6th equal to half length of
inner margin of 5th, ovate, scarcely any palm, finger minute, inferior
margin of 4th and both margins of 5th and 6th densely setose.

First and second peraeopods, 2nd joint equal to 3rd and 4th
together, 5th shorter than 4th, 6th subequal to 4th, finger more
than half length of 6th, with secondary margins at apex, posterior
margin 4th, 5th and 6th joints with long setae, none of the joints
expanded.

Third peraeopod, 2nd joint broadly pear-shaped, narrowing distally,
about as broad as long, anterior margin with 15 spines, posterior
margin with slight indents, 3rd short, 4th not much expanded or
produced, 5th subequal to 4th, anterior margin with 3 groups of
spinules, 6th longer, anterior margin with 4 pairs of unequal spines,
finger 2 length of 6th, without secondary margins.

Fourth peraeopod, 2nd joint oblong, half as long again as broad,
anterior margin distally with 12 spines, posterior margin straight, with
slight indents, other joints as in 38rd peraeopod but longer.

Fifth peraeopod, 2nd joint oblong, half as long again as broad,

128 Annals of the South African Museum.

anterior margin slightly sinuous, distally with 10 spines, posterior
margin convex, with indents.

First uropod, rami and peduncle subequal, inner ramus slightly the
shorter, 2-3 spines on upper margin of peduncle near apex.

Second uropod, rami and peduncle subequal, the latter with 6 spines
on upper margin.

Third uropod, extending beyond 2nd, peduncle with short, stout
spine near apex, rami longer than peduncle, subequal, lanceolate,
inner margin of both with plumose setae, outer ramus with long
tapering 2nd joint indistinctly defined from 1st.

Length: g 14mm.

Colour : In spirit, pale yellowish or dull pinkish.

Locality: Port Shepstone WNW., distant 2} miles (Natal). 24.
fathoms. 1 ¢; Glendower Beacon N. + W., distant 16 miles (near
Port Alfred). 66 fathoms. 1? @. ss. “Pieter Faure.” 15/3/01
and 10/9/01. (S.A.M. Nos. A131 and A134.)

Allied to U. gigas Dana, but without the carinate and apically
produced 4th pleon segment of that species.

Famity STEGOCEPHALIDAE.

1852. Stegocephalinae Dana, Amer. J. Sci. ser. 2, vol. 14, p. 310,

1882. Stegocephalidae G. O. Sars, Forh. Selsk. Christian. no. 18, p. 23.

1886. Lysianassina (part) Gerstaecker in Bronn’s Tierreich vol. 5,
pt. 2, p. 499.

1888. Stegocephalidae Stebbing, Challeng. Rep. vol. 29, p. 727.

1891. 3 G. O. Sars, Crust. Norw. vol. 1, p. 196.

1893. Gammaridi (part) Della Valle, F. Fl. Neapel. vol. 20, p. 620.

1906. Stegocephalidae Stebbing, Das Tierreich 21, p. 88.

1906. os Chevreux, Exp. Antarct. Franc. Amphip. p. 22.

Gen. STEGOCEPHALOIDES G. O. Sars.
1891. Stegocephaloides G. O. Sars, Le. p- 201.

1893. ‘ (part) Della Valle, .c. p. 629.
1906. oe Stebbing, Le. p. 91.
1909. = Strauss, Wiss. Ergebn. D. Tiefsee-Exp. vol. 20,

pt. 1, p. 72, text-figs. 44-46.
In the last-mentioned work Strauss has discussed the anatomy of
the eye of “8. valdiviae n. sp.” No specific diagnosis however was
given, nor has any been published since; the name “ valdiviae”’ there-

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 129

fore remains a nomen nudum. The species is said to be widely dis-
tributed in the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans, from 0-—2000
fathoms ; it is dark brown in colour, and measures 10 mm. It may
be the same as Stegocephalus glubulus Walker (1909, Tr. Linn. Soc.
Lond. 2nd ser., zool., vol. 12, pt. 4, p. 329, pl. 424A) from the Indian
Ocean, which measures 12 mm. and has the head completely hidden
under the very tumid Ist peraeon segment and the large Ist side-plate;
or it may possibly be the following species.

STEGOCEPHALOIDES AUSTRALIS Nl. Sp.
(Plate XXVIII. Fig. 29.)

Head nearly hidden under the tumid Ist peraeon segment, which is
equal to the 2nd and 3rd together. Eyes wanting. Antero-lateral
angles not prominent. Side-plate 1 triangular, as deep as its segment
and deeper than long, its basal margin longer than either of the others,
postero-inferior angle acute, 4 deeper than its segment and deeper than
long, posterior and inferior margins differentiated by a slight angle,
postero-inferior angle rounded (ef. Sars’ figure of S. christianiensis
Boeck, l.c. pl. 70, fig. 2), postero-inferior angle of 5 subacute, 6
slightly larger, not smaller, than 7, subquadrate, a little deeper than
long, postero-inferior angle rounded, 7 deeper than long, postero-
inferior angle rounded. Postero-inferior angle of 3rd pleon segment
rounded.

Telson ovate, tapering, nearly half as long again as basal width,
cleft to a little beyond centre.

First antenna, Ist joint equals 2nd and 3rd combined, flagellum
with Ist joint equal to Ist peduncular joint or to 2nd and 3rd
flagellum joints combined, 8-joited, accessory flagellum half length
of Ist flagellal joint, 1 jointed with 2 apical unequal setae.

Second antenna slender and a little shorter than Ist antenna, 2nd
joint shortest, 4th longer than 3rd, flagellum 8-jointed, scarcely longer
than 4th peduncular joint.

Upper lip very asymmetrically bilobed.

Lower lip lobes gradually tapering, with incurved apical triangular
tooth.

Mandibles, cutting-edge with 11 teeth in both mandibles, the teeth
largest anteriorly, secondary cutting-edge in left with ca. 25 smaller
teeth.

First maxilla, inner plate with plumose setae all along upper oblique
margin, outer plate with 8 denticulate spines, palp not reaching apex
of outer plate, with 4 apical serrulate setae.

150 Annals of the South African Museum.

Second maxilla, inner plate broad and rounded with plumose setae
on inner margin, outer plate much narrower and half as long again,
bearing on its apex 8 apically hooked setae, which are rather more
than half as long as the outer plate.

Maxilliped, inner apical angles of inner and outer plates nearly
right angles, that of inner plate with 3-4 long setae, that of outer
plate with a little tuft of setules, distal margin of outer plate rather
irregular, reaching to or even a trifle beyond apex of 2nd joint of palp,
inner margin not serrate.

First gnathopod, 2nd joint equal to rest of limb, both margins,
especially the hinder, with long simple setae, 6th joint longer than
5th, ovate, tapering, inferior margin very slightly concave and thickly
set with long setae, otherwise as figured for S. globulus Walker.

Second gnathopod, 2nd joint narrow, almost as long as rest of limb,
shghtly curved, 6th joint half as long again as 5th, narrower both
relatively and absolutely than 6th joint of first gnathopod.

First peraeopod, 2nd joint subequal to 4th and 5th combined, 4th a
little longer than 5th and apically produced on anterior margin to half
way along 5th, 2 setae on its apex, hind margin of 5th with 5 pairs of
spines, 6th half as long again as 5th, hind margin with 7 pairs of
spinules, 7th + 6th.

Second peraeopod, 4th joint 1} times 5th, but produced on anterior
margin only % length of 5th, 5th and 6th subequal, hind margin of
Sth with 6 pairs of spines, of 6th with 5 pairs of spinules.

Third peraeopod, 2nd joint equal to 4th-7th joints combined,
narrow, straight, 4th longer than 5th and produced for 3% along
anterior margin of 5th, its apex with 2 setae, anterior margin of 4th
with 6 pairs of spines, of 5th with 4 spines and an apical tuft, of 6th
with 6 pairs of spinules, 6th longer than 4th, 7th 4 6th.

Fourth peraeopod similar to third, 2nd joint a little stouter, but
still narrow, linear and not expanded.

Fifth peraeopod, 2nd joint (exclusive of apical projection) equal to
3rd—5th joints combined, broadly expanded on hind margin with the
rounded apical projection reaching to apex of 4th joint, hind margin
feebly serrate, 4th longer than 5th, hind apical projection reaching
half way along 5th, 5th with 6 eroups of spines on anterior margin,
6th equal to 4th and 5th combined, slender, anterior margin with
ca. 12 groups of spines, 7th nearly 4 6th.

First uropod, upper (outer) and inner margins of peduncle with
short, equidistant spines, rami shorter than peduncle, equal, unarmed.

Second uropod, peduncle equal to rami of Ist uropod, margins
spinose, rami a little shorter than peduncle, equal, unarmed.

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 151

Third uropod, peduncle equal to half the length of 2nd uropod,
margins unarmed, rami longer than peduncle, inner a little shorter
than outer, both unarmed.

Length: 8 mm.; depth at 4th side-plate, 3°5 mm.

Colour: In spirit, pale brown.

Locality: Cape Point E. by N., distant 29 miles. 250 fathoms.
21 (g¢ amd ovigerous ? ¢); Cape Point N. 81° E., distant
32 miles. 460 fathoms. 4. s.s. “Pieter Faure.” 27/8/03 and
20/8/03. (S.A.M. Nos. A143 and A144.)

STEGOCEPHALOIDES ATTINGENS N.. Sp.
(Plate XXVI. Fig. 5.)

Very close to S. auratus (G. O. Sars), but differing in the following
respects: postero-lateral angles of pleon segment 3 not serrate ; side-
plate 4 more evenly curved with the inferior margin shorter ; side-
plate 6 evenly narrowed ; accessory flagellum of 1st antenna scarcely
half, sometimes only 4, length of 1st flagellar joint ; peraeopod 5 with
2nd joint less strongly serrate on hind margin, apex less acute, 6th
scarcely less than 4th and 5th together.

Length: 8 mm.; depth across side-plate 4, 3 mm.

Colour: In spirit, pale pinkish or yellowish.

Locality: Cape Poimt NE., distant 40 miles. 560-700 fathoms.
9 (some ovigerous 2 2); Cape Point NE. by E., distant 36 miles.
650 fathoms. 1 g. 38 ovigerous ? 2. s.s. ‘‘ Pieter Faure.” 17/9/03
and 15/7/08. (S.A.M. Nos. A2766 and A2782.)

Differs from the preceding species in having the tooth at apex of the
lobe of lower lip linear (as in Sars’ figure of Stegocephalus inflatus l.c.
pl. 69) instead of triangular; as well as in the more obvious features
of the 4th side-plate and 2nd joint of the 5th peraeopod.

Gren. PARANDANTA Stebbing.

1899. Parandania Stebbing, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. 4,
p. 206.
1906. 5 id. Das Tierreich 21, p. 95.

PARANDANIA BOECKI Stebbing.
1888. Andania boecki Stebbing, Challeng. Rep. vol. 29, p. 735, pl. 36.
1893. Stegocephalus boecki Della Valle, F. Fl. Neapel. vol. 20, p. 628,
pl. 59, fig. 36.
1899. Parandania . Stebbing, l.c. p. 206.

132 Annals of the South African Museum.

1906. Parandama boecki, id. l.c. p. 95, figs. 19, 20.
1909. a ,» Walker, Tr. Linn. Soc. Lond. 2nd ser.,
zool., vol. 12, pt. 4, p. 380.

The South African specimens call for no remarks except that: the
second maxilla has only 1 seta in the middle of the outer margin of
the outer plate, the 2nd and 3rd pleon segments are without spines
along the inferior margin. The rami of 1st and 2nd uropods as in
the typical Challenger specimen, though the spines appear to be less
numerous, as far as can be judged, since only their scars remain ;
outer margin of outer ramus of Ist and 2nd uropods scarcely or not
at all serrulate.

Length ; 21 mm.

Colour ; In spirit, transparent pinkish.

Locality: Buffalo River NW. by N., distant 21 miles (off East
London). 490 fathoms. 1 ovigerous ? ; Cape Point NE. by E.,
distant 36 miles. 650 fathoms. 1 juv. s.s. “ Pieter Faure.” 23/4/01
and 15/7/08. (S.A.M. Nos. A139 and A2783.)

Geogr. Distribution: Off Pernambuco, 675 fathoms (Stebbing) ;
8° 16’ §., 51° 26’ E., and NW. of Desroche’s Atoll, Indian Ocean,
0-900 fathoms (Walker).

Famity AMPELISCIDAE
1882. Ampeliscidae G. O. Sars, Forh. Selsk. Christian. no. 18, p. 29.

1906. re Stebbing, Das Tierreich 21, pp. 97, 721.
(References. )
1915. : id. Gen. Cat. S.A. Crust. p. 450. (References.)

Gen. AMPELISCA Kroyer.

1842. Ampelisca Kroyer, Naturh. Tidsskr. vol. 4, p. 154.

1906. - Stebbing, l.c. pp. 98, 721. (References.)
1910. a id. Le. p. 450.
1912. A Chevreux, Bull. Mus. d’Hist. Nat. 1912, p. 210.

AMPELISCA BREVICORNIs Costa.

1853. Araneops brevicornis Casta, Rend. Soc. Bourb. n.s., vol. 2,

Darlitle

1904. Ampelisca 35 Walker in Herdman’s Ceylon Pearl Fish.
Suppl. Rep. 17, p. 253.

1908. = 53 Stebbing, S.A. Crust. pt. 4, p. 70.

1910. m a id. Gen. Cat. S.A. Crust. p. 450.

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 133

Stebbing has remarked on the large size to which South African
specimens grow, in comparison with specimens of the same species
from other localities. Thus a ¢ specimen of this species from
“Fresh”? (error = False) Bay measures, according to Stebbing,
17 mm.

Another specimen from the “ Pieter Faure” collection (Cape St.
Blaize N. 42° E., distant 11 miles. 10/6/98. S.A.M. No. A151)
surpasses this, attaining a length of 21 mm. It is an ovigerous 9,
and agrees with Stebbing’s ¢ specimen, although both specimens
have the rami of 3rd uropod much broader and the apices more
rounded than in Sars’ figures.

AMPELISCA DIADEMA (Costa).

1853. Araneops diadema Costa, Rend. Soc. Bourb. n.s., vol. 2, p. tvailte
1862. Ampelisca gaimardii (part) Bate, Cat. Amphip. Brit. Mus., p. 91.

1867. i diadema Costa, Ann. Mus. Napoli. vol. 4, p. 45.

1871. fs assimilis Boeck, Forh. Selsk. Christian. 1870, p. 222.

1891. me * G. O. Sars, Crust. Norw. vol. 1, p. 168, pl. 58,
fig. 2.

1893. PA diadema Della Valle, F. u. Fl. Neapel. vol. 20, p. 479,

pl. 4, fig. 2, pl. 37, figs. 19, 20, 22-28,
30-38, pl. 38, figs.§2, 7, 8, 11, 12, 14,
15, pl. 40, figs. 39, 40, pl, 41, fig. 28,
pl. 44, figs. 4, 8, 9,411, pl. 45, figs. 17,
18, pl. 46, figs. 4-6, pl. 47, fig. 29,
pl. 48, fig. 19.

1906. $5 5 Stebbing, l.c. p. 107.
1910. be x Chevreux, Mém. Soc. Zool, Fr. vol. 23,
p. 181.

Agrees with the descriptions and figures of Sars and Della Valle,
except for the following differences: postero-inferior angle of 3rd
pleon segment in ¢ as figured for ? by Sars, in 9 somewhat more
quadrate; telson in @ with only 3 marginal setae (in ¢ broken) ;
flagellum of 1st antenna 35-jointed in ¢, 20 in ? ; ventral hooks on
peraeon segment 7 very large and prominent, those on segments 0 and
6 small.

Length: 8 mm.

Colour : In spirit, pale pinkish.

Locality: Kalk Bay (False Bay). 1897. (Dr. W.c{F. Purcell).
1 specimen at low tide; Port Shepstone WNW., distant 24 miles

15 Annals of the South African Museum.

(Natal). 24 fathoms. 1 ¢,2 99. s.s. “Pieter Faure.” 15/3/01.
(S.A.M. Nos. 1295 and A158.)

Geogr. Distribution : Mediterranean (Costa, Della Valle, Chevreux) ;
west and south coasts of Norway (Sars); west coast of France
(Chevreux) ; Great Britain (Norman).

AMPELISCA MIOPS N. Sp.

(Plate XXVI. Fig. 6.)

Head longer than first two peraeon segments together, transversely
truncate. Eyes, one on each side situate on the margin below the
antero-lateral angle, cornea thickened, conspicuous but not large, with
(faded) red pigment behind it. Side-plate 1 concealing base of 2nd
antenna, 1-8 each with a tooth at postero-inferior angle, inferior
margin not strongly convex, 4 with postero-inferior angle rounded,
depth scarcely 1} times the greatest length. Posterior margin of 3rd
pleon segment sinuate above the acute moderately produced postero-
inferior angle (cf. A. eschrichti Kroyer). Keel on 4th pleon segment
ending acutely, but not greatly raised above 5th segment.

Telson with bifid apices, the inner point projecting a good way
beyond the outer, 2 unequal setules in the notch, 1-8 fine setules
down the middle of the dorsal surface.

First antenna 4 length of body, 2nd joint twice length of Ist,
flagellum a little longer than peduncle, ca. 24-jointed.

Second antenna lost.

Upper lip broader than long, the rounded distal margin with a
small shallow notch, setulose.

Lower lip, lobes short and broad, apices rounded truncate.

Mandibles, cutting-edge 5-dentate, secondary cutting-edge 4-dentate
in left, 3 in right, spine-row with 5 spines in left, 4 in right, 2nd joint
of palp almost linear, but slightly enlarged in basal half, 3rd joint
half length of 2nd.

First maxilla, inner plate with 2 apical setae, outer plate with
11 spines, palp large, apex truncate, cut into 3 teeth and armed with
4 spines and several setae.

Second maxilla, outer plate narrower than inner, distally rather
broader than proximally.

Maxilliped, inner plate with 1 apical spine and several plumose
setae, outer plate reaching to end of the long 8rd joint of palp, inner
margin with 11 ovate spines, passing distally into ordinary plumose
setae, 4th joint not produced apically beyond insertion of 5th joint.

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 13

Or

First gnathopod, 6th joint } length of 5th, both joimts linear,
densely setose but without’ special armature.

Second gnathopod similar, but longer and more slender.

First peraeopod, 4th joint linear, not expanded or produced, 6th
twice length of 5th and not quite half 4th, finger longer than 5th and
6th together.

Second peraeopod similar, but 4th joint slightly expanded (elongate-
ovate), not produced, strongly setose.

Third peraeopod, hind margin of 2nd joint with a strong lobe-like
expansion, anterior apex of 4th and 5th each with one long spine-seta,
posterior apex of 5th with 2 long unequal spines, anterior margin of
5th with regularly spaced setae, posterior margin with 4 short stout
spines, 5th a little longer than 3rd and 4th together, 6th shorter than
5th but longer than 4th.

Fourth peraeopod, posterior margin of 2nd joint evenly curved, 5th
as in 3rd peraeopod, but anterior margin with 6 large and several
smaller spines, anterior apex with 3 spines, posterior apex with 3 long
and 2 short spines, 6th as in 3rd peraeopod.

Fifth peraeopod, 2nd joint evenly expanding distally, distal margin
nearly transversely truncate, posterior apical angle rounded, reaching
to end of 3rd, which is twice length of 4th, 4th not expanded, but
anterior apex shortly produced, 5th subequal to 4th, anterior apex
very shortly produced, 6th nearly equal to 8rd and 4th together, oval,
twice as long as broad, with 2 short spines on anterior apex, 7th equal
in length to width of 6th, ovate, tapering rather rapidly to a fine point.

First uropod, peduncle and rami subequal, upper margin of peduncle
spose.

Second uropod stouter, peduncle longer than rami, upper margin
with 3 pairs of spines, apex with a group of 3 spines, outer ramus a
little shorter than inner, inner margin with 4 spines and a long spine
near the apex, inner ramus with both margins spinose.

Third uropods, peduncle with 1 spine on middle of inner margin,
raini subequal, lanceolate, outer with both margins setose, the setae
on inner margin springing from rather deep inlets, inner ramus
broader, inner margin with small spinules and a tuft of setae on apex.

Length: 12 mm.

Colour: In spirit, yellowish.

Locality: Umhloti River mouth N. by W. 3 W., distant 8} miles.
40 fathoms. 1 (?) 2. s.s. “Pieter Faure.” 18/12/00. (S.A.M.
No. A2762.)

The single pair of eyes, 3rd pleon segment and telson serve to
distinguish this species.

136 Annals of the South African Museum.

AMPELISCA PALMATA DN. Sp.
(Plate XXVIII. Figs. 30, 31.)

Head equal to first three peraeon segments together, nearly trans-
versely truncate. Corneal lens distinct, small, the lower near the
antero-lateral angle. Side-plate 1 large, nearly concealing base of
2nd antenna, inferior margin of 1-3 moderately convex, the tooth at
postero-inferior angle large. Pleon segment 8;with postero-inferior
angle quadrate, scarcely produced, segment 4 with a low keel not
strongly raised above segment 5, apex subacute, no indent at base.

Telson with 3 apical and 4 marginal spines in 2? (A2760); in the
other 2 2 (A2747) the marginal spines are extremely reduced or even
absent ; in the ¢ only the apical spines present.

First antenna extending well beyond peduncle of 2nd antenna, its
peduncle reaching end of penultimate joint of peduncle of 2nd antenna,
2nd joint longer than Ist, flagellum much longer than peduncle, ca.
26-jointed.

Second antenna reaching to end of 2nd pleon segment, ultimate and
penultimate joints equal, flagellum longer than peduncle, ca. 34-
jointed.

Mandible, 2nd joint of palp oval, 2 or 3 times as long as broad, 3rd
joint slender, 5 length of 2nd.

Maxilliped, outer plate with 10 narrow-lanceolate spine-teeth on
inner margin, 3rd joint of palp broadly oval, but not extended beyond
insertion of 4th.

First gnathopod, 6th joint a little longer and broader than 5th,
palm well defined, a little oblique, shorter than hind margin, with
setae and several large spines decreasing in size towards hinge, finger
matching palm, inner margin spinose.

Second gnathopod, 5th joint 3 length of 6th, both narrow linear.

First and second peraeopods, 4th joint not apically produced, 7th
longer than 5th and 6th together.

Third peraeopod, front margin of 2nd joint irregularly setose and
spinose, posterior apex of 5th with 1 spine nearly as long as, and
1 half as long as 6th, both spines apically serrate, anterior apex with
2 setae (1 very long), posterior margin of 6th with 5 spines, anterior
margin with 5 spinules on proximal half, the distal half with setae
becoming longer towards the apex, which is prominently produced
beyond the insertion of the 7th.

Fourth peraeopod, anterior margin of 5th joint irregularly spinulose,
posterior apex with several long serrate spines, anterior margin of 6th
spinose, apex with long setae, hind margin with 2 spines on distal half.

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 157

Fifth peraeopod, 2nd joint obliquely truncate, inferior angle rounded
and reaching to end of 3rd, 3rd longer than 4th, anterior apex bevelled
off, with 5 spinules, 4th narrowly produced half way along the anterior
margin of 5th, 5th longer than 4th, 6th equal to 4th and 5th together,
7th equal to 6th, tapering gradually.

First uropod, rami subequal, longer than peduncle, margins of
peduncle sparsely spinose, inner ramus closely spinose, outer unarmed.

Second uropod, rami subequal, shorter than peduncle, both margins
of peduncle and both rami spinose.

Third uropod, peduncle with 2 spines on inner margin, rami
elongate-lanceolate, outer quite slender, confronted margins feebly
setose.

Length: 14mm. and 10 mm.

Colour: In spirit, pale pinkish.

Locality: Umhloti River mouth NW. 4 W., distant 15 miles
(Natal). 100 fathoms. 1 ovigerous 2 and 1 young; Beacon E. of
East London N. ¢ E., distant 10 miles. 52 fathoms. ¢ 4 and
ovigerous ? ?. s.s. “ Pieter Faure.” 19/12/00 and 12/7/01. (S.A.M.
Nos. A2760 and A2747.)

This species is very near A. spinipes Boeck, but differs in the 3rd
and 4th pleon segments and the lst gnathopod.

AMPELISCA NATALENSIS n. Sp.

(Plate XXVI. Fig. 7.)

Except for the serrate outer ramus of 3rd uropods these specimens
are very near to the figures of A. serraticaudata Chevreux. Della
Valle in 1893 unites serraticaudata with rubella Costa, and in 1900
Chevreux (Rés. Camp. Monaco vol. 16, p. 44) adopts this synonymy.
But Chevreux’s figure of the 2nd joint of 5th peraeopod of his species
is utterly different from Della Valle’s figure of that of rubella. There
is also a difference in the eyes, the corneal lens being apparently
present in serraticaudata, but absent in rubella.

As there still remains some doubt, therefore, with regard to
Chevreux’s species, I consider it best to institute a new one for the
present specimens.

Corneal lens distinct, small, the lower in the antero-inferior angles
of head, 4th pleon segment slightly indented basally, keel rising
gradually, its upper margin straight, posterior end rectangular,
postero-inferior angle of 3rd pleon segment with a slightly produced
point.

10

158 Annals of the South African Museum.

Telson not long, only 1 seta on each apex, which is slightly bifid,
the inner point projecting, surface without setae.

First antenna reaching well beyond peduncle of 2nd antenna,
peduncle not reaching to end of penultimate peduncular joint of 2nd
antenna.

Mandibular palp with 2nd joint strongly laminar, twice as long as
broad.

Maxilliped with all the spine-setae on inner margin of outer plate
linear.

First gnathopod, 6th joint oval, a little shorter than 5th.

First and second peraeopods, 7th joint a trifle longer than 5th and
6th together.

Fifth peraeopod, 3rd joint equal to 4th and 5th together, 6th equal
to 3rd, ovate, 7th shorter than 6th; 2nd joint very distinctive, very
obliquely bevelled off from postero-inferior angle, which reaches end
of 3rd, this oblique portion of the margin slightly concave.

Third uropod, peduncle with 1-2 spines on inner margin, outer
ramus narrow, inner lanceolate, some long setae on the opposed
margins.

Length: 8 and 10 mm. respectively.

Colour: In spirit, whitish or pinkish.

Locality: Umhloti River mouth NW. 3} W., distant 15 miles
(Natal). 100 fathoms. 2 specimens; Port Shepstone WNW.,
distant 23 miles (Natal). 24 fathoms. 1 specimen. s.s. “ Pieter
Faure.” 19/12/00 and 15/3/01. (S.A.M. Nos. A2763 and A2954. )

Owing to insufficient or badly preserved material it is impossible to
assign names to the following:

AmpeE.tisca sp. ? No. 1.

Three specimens from the s.s. ‘‘ Pieter Faure” collection (Umhloti
River mouth N. by W. 3 W., distant 8 miles (Natal). 40 fathoms.
18/12/00). The absence of ovigerous 2 2 leaves it uncertain whether
these are mature or not.

While agreeing in general with A. brevicornis, the head has a
gibbous profile, the postero-inferior angle of 3rd pleon segment
resembles that of A. californica Holmes, and the crest on the 4th
pleon segment is like that figured for the 9 of A. gibba by G. O.8nars.

Peduncle of 2nd antennae fringed above with little tufts of setae.

Second joint of mandibular palp thrice as long as wide, 3rd joint
not quite as long and more slender:

Peraeopods 1, 2 and 5, like those of A. brevicornis.

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 139

The rami of third uropod broadly ovate, 24 times as long as wide,
apices rounded (cf. those of A. pacifica Holmes).
Length: 10 mm. (S.A.M. No. A159.)

AMPELIsca sp. ? No. 2.

This specimen (Beacon E. of East London N. } E., distant 10 miles.
52 fathoms. s.s. “ Pieter Faure.” 12/7/01.) differs from A. brevi-
cornis only in the non-produced 4th joint of Ist peraeopod, the quad-
rate postero-inferior angle of 3rd pleon segment, with a slight notch
and shortly produced point, and the broadly ovate rami of 3rd uropod,
with apex of inner ramus hook-like and incurved. Mandibular palp
with 2nd joint linear, 5rd equal to 2nd.

Length: 8mm. (S.A.M. No. A2748.)

It bears some resemblance to A. californica Holmes.

Gen. BYBLIS Boeck.

1871. Byblis Boeck, Forh. Selsk. Christian. 1870, p. 228.
1906. ,, Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, p. 111.
1908. ,, id., 8. African Crust. pt. 4, p. 71.

ByBuis GAIMARDII Kroyer.

1846. Ampelisca gaimardii Kroyer, Voy. Nord. Crust. pl. 28, figs. la—y.

1871. Byblis BA Boeck, l.c. p. 228.

HE, va G. O. Sars, Crust. Norw. vol. 1, p. 183,
pl. 64.

1893 2 1 Della Valle, F. u. Fl. Neapel, vol. 20,
p. 472, pl. 57, figs. 39-41.

1906: _,, a Stebbing, lec. p. 113.

1908. __,, ss Pearse, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. vol. 34%,

Wy BIG

These specimens resemble the description and figures of Sars except
in the following points: 2nd joint of mandibular palp of nearly same
width throughout, the basal half being only slightly wider, 3rd joint
not half as long as 2nd; outer plate of maxilliped with only 9 broadly
lanceolate (instead of 14 narrow lanceolate) spines; 6th joint of Ist
and 2nd peraeopods proportionately longer, being almost twice as long
as 5th, 7th longer than 5th but shorter than 6th; transverse rows of
‘spines on 5th joint of 3rd and 4th peraeopods fewer and containing
fewer spines in each ; postero-inferior angle of 2nd joint of 5th peraeo-

140 Annals of the South African Museum.

pod not so well marked, 5th not quite equal to 3rd plus 4th and pro-
portionately stouter, with more robust spines.

Length : 8-10 mm.

Colour : In spirit, uniform pinkish.

Locality: Beacon E. of East London N. 4 E., distant 10 miles.
52 fathoms. 3 ¢ ¢,1 ovigerous ?; Umhloti River mouth NW.? W.,
distant 15 miles (Natal). 100 fathoms. 1 (immature) ¢@. s.s. “ Pieter
Faure.” 12/7/01 and 19/12/00. (S.A.M. Nos. A2750 and A2751.)

Geogr. Distribution : Arctic Ocean, North Atlantic, Norway (Kroyer,
Sars, ete.); California, 46-57 fathoms (Pearse). Sars regards its
occurrence in the Mediterranean (Heller, Costa) as very doubtful.

TRIODOS n. g.

Head with postero-antennal corners distinct, though not prominent.
One pair of eyes. Side-plate 4 obliquely truncate below posterior
angle (as in Ampelisca). Pleon with tufts of setae as in Haploops.
Mandibular palp with 3rd joint elongate. Peraeopods 3 and 4 with
2nd joint very wide, anterior margin evenly curved, 5th joint without
transverse rows of spines, 7th joint as in Ampelisca. Peraeopod 5
with 2nd joint distally expanded, the plumose setae extending round
posterior angle but not reaching junction with 8rd, 3rd not shorter
than 4th, 5th equal to 8rd and 4th together, 6th narrow, 7th spini-
form. Third uropod with rami foliaceous, extending beyond Ist and
2nd uropods. Telson of moderate size, deeply cleft.

This genus combines in a remarkable manner the characters of the
three hitherto recognised genera of Ampeliscidae, whence the name,
signifying a “meeting of three ways.”

TRIODOS INSIGNIS Nl. Sp.
(Plate XXVI. Figs. 8-10.)

Head projecting slightly over base of Ist antenna, 1 pair of very
small corneal lenses in upper angles of head. Side-plate 1 strongly
convex below, not concealing base of 2nd antenna, inferior margin of
side-plates 2-4 not very convex. Pleon somewhat compressed, seg-
ment 4 with a triangular keel on its posterior half bearing a tuft of
setae behind, segment 5 with a tall upstanding keel on its posterior
half also bearing a tuft of setae behind, postero-inferior angle of 3rd
seoment rounded.

Telson a little longer than broad, ovate, cleft nearly to base, apex
with 2 setae.

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 141

First antenna shorter than peduncle of 2nd antenna, 2nd joint a
little longer than Ist, flagellum longer than peduncle, 12-jointed.

Second antenna nearly as long as body, ultimate and penultimate
joints subequal, flagellum ca. 28-jointed.

Lower lip, lobes broad, apically rounded.

Mandibles, cutting-edge 4-dentate, secondary cutting-edge in left
3-dentate, in right represented by a simple spiniform process, spine-
row with 5 serrate spines, 2nd joint of palp linear though slightly
tapering distally, 3rd slender and a little longer than 2nd.

First maxilla, inner plate with 1 subapical seta, outer plate with
9 spines, 2nd joint of palp with 4 teeth and 4 spines.

Second maxilla, plates subequal in width, apices rounded, outer
plate rather broader distally than proximally.

Maxilliped, outer plate rather narrow, inner margin with 6 ovate
spines, palp rather slender, 3rd joint externally a little lobed but
scarcely produced, 4th spiniform.

First gnathopod, 6th joint shorter than 5th, linear, shghtly tapering
distally, inferior margin with very distinctly biserrate setae, 7th half
length of 6th.

Second gnathopod, 6th joint half length of 5th, 7th half 6th, slender
and furnished mostly with simple setae.

First and second peraeopods, 4th joint not apically produced, 7th a
little longer than 5th and 6th combined, the 2nd but not the Ist
peraeopod densely setose.

Third peraeoped, 2nd joint broader than long, anterior margin
evenly convex, with plumose setae, 5th a little longer than 4th,
posterior apex with 5 short and 2 long spines, no transverse rows of
spines, 6th scarcely longer than 5th with only 3-4 setae on distal
anterior margin, 7th stout, recurved, with 2 teeth on outer margin.

Fourth peraeopod similar to 3rd, but 2nd joint a little longer than
broad, posterior apex of 5th with 7 short and 2 long spines.

Fifth peraeopod, anterior margin of 2nd joint slightly concave,
posterior margin strongly expanded and obliquely truncate, plumose
setae not quite extending as far as junction with 3rd joint, apex of
2nd reaching end of 3rd, which is a little longer than 4th, anterior
apex of 4th slightly produced, 5th oval, as long as 8rd and 4th to-
gether and twice as long as broad, 6th narrow and a little shorter than
5th, 7th slender, spiniform.

First uropod, rami subequal, longer than peduncle, tapering to fine
points and strongly curved, unarmed.

Second uropod, rami subequal and equal to peduncle, reaching half
way along rami of 3rd uropod, sparsely spinose.

142 Annals of the South African Museum.

Third uropod, rami subequal, longer than peduncle, foliaceous,
ovate, outer margins of both setose.

Length: 8 mm.

Colour : In spirit, whitish.

Locality: Umhloti River mouth NW. 3 W., distant 15 miles (Natal).
100 fathoms,, 2 (?) 9%. s.s. “Pieter Faure.” 19/12/00. (S.A.M.
No. A2761.)

Famiry HAUSTORIIDAE.
1882. Pontoporeidae G. O. Sars, Forh. Selsk. Christian. no. 18, p. 22.

1888. Stebbing, Challeng. Rep. vol. 29, p. 804.
1891. - G. O. Sars, Crust. Norw. vol. 1, p. 121.

1904. Argissidae Walker in Herdman’s Ceyl. Pearl Fish. Suppl. Rep.
17, p. 246.
1906. Haustoriidae Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, pp. 118, 722.

I fail to see any imperative need for the creation of the family
Argissidae for the two genera Argissa and Platyischnopus; the
differences between these two genera being as great as the differences
between them and the other genera of Haustoriidae.

Gren. PLATYISCHNOPUS Stebbing.

1888. Platyischnopus Stebbing, Challeng. Rep. vol. 29, p. 830.
1893. Platyschnopus Della Valle, F. u. Fl. Neapel. vel. 20, p. 784.
1897. Platyischnopus Chilton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 6, vol. 19,

| O)sely 0) betas

1904. = Walker in Herdman’s Ceyl. Pearl Fish. Suppl.
Rep. 17, p. 247.

1906. és Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, pp. 122, 722.

PLATYISCHNOPUS MIRABILIS Stebbing.

1888. Platyischnopus mirabilis Stebbing, l.c. p. 830, pl. 58.
1893. pe FP Della Valle, Lc. p. 785, pl. 60, fig. 36.
1914. » - Stebbing, Ann. S. Afr. Mus. vol. 15,
pt. 1, p. 32.

The s.s. “Pieter Faure” collected a specimen of this species at
Saldanha Bay. 10 fathoms. 19/3/02. (Stebbing.)

Geogr. Distribution: Port Jackson, 2-10 fathoms (Stebbing); Bahia
(Stebbing).

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 145

Gen. UROTHOE Dana.

1852. Urothoe Dana, Amer. J. Sci. ser. 2, vol. 14, p. 311.

1853. Hgidia Costa, Rend. Soc Borbon. n.s. vol. 2, p. 170.

1891. Urothoe Stebbing, Tr. Zool. Soc. Lond. vol. 15, pt. 1, p. 1
(references ).

1904. Walker in Herdman’s Ceyl. Pearl Fish. Suppl. Rep.
17, p. 2465.

1905. Reibisch. Wiss. Meeresunters. Abt. Kiel. vol. 8, p. 163.

1906. y Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, pp. 128, 722.

UROTHOE PULCHELLA (Costa).

18538. Egidia pulchella Costa, l.c. p. 172.

1891. Urothoe ,, Stebbing, Lc. p. 11, pl. 4a.

1895. , trrostrata (part) Della Valle, F. u. Fl. Neapel. vol. 20,
p- 664, pl. 5, figs. 3, 8, pl. 36,
figs. 1-18, pl. 60, figs. 11, 12.

1910. ,, pulchella Chevreux, Mém. Soc. Zool. Fr. vol. 23, p. 187.

I have some little hesitation in assigning these specimens to this
particular species, having had no specimens of this (or of any of the
other) species for comparison. They seem, however, to be in close
agreement.

The convex palm of 6th joint of 2nd gnathopod of ¢ is not very
prominent, and the distal margin of the 5th joint is semicircularly
excavate between the subacute inferior apex and the insertion of the
6th joint. Third peraeopod lacks plumose setae, and its finger tapers
eradually and is doubtfully serrulate. Rami of Ist uropod armed
with 3 spines. :

Length: 3 6mm.; 9 4mm.

Colour : In spirit, pale reddish-brown, eyes rather darker.

Locality : Cape St. Blaize N. 10° W., distant 33 miles. 60 fathoms.
16,3 92%. ss. “Pieter Faure.” 13/7/98. (S.A.M. No. A3809.)

Geogr. Distribution: Naples (Costa, Della Valle) ; W. coast France
(Stebbing and Chevreux) ; Algeria, 0-65 metres (Chevreux) ; Channel
Islands (Hornell) ; Canary Islands and Dakar (Chevreux).

Famity AMPHILOCHIDAE.

1871. Subf. Amphilochinae Boeck, Forh. Selsk. Christian. 1870, p. 129.
1882. Amphilochidae G. O. Sars, id. no. 18, p. 23.
1888. Fe Stebbing, Challeng. Rep. vol. 29, p. 743.

144 Annals of the South African Museum.

1891. Amphilochidae G. O. Sars, Crust. Norw. vol. 1, p. 212.
1906. ms Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, pp. 148, 723.
Ono: 4 id. Sci. Res. ‘‘ Thetis,” pt. 12, p. 577.

Gren. GITANOPSIS G. O. Sars.
1891. Gitanopsis G. O. Sars, l.c. p. 228.

1895. ‘5 Della Valle, F. u. Fl. Neapel. vol. 20, p. 598.

1906. : Stebbing, l.c. p. 153.

1912. cs Chevreux, Bull. Mus. d’Hist. Nat. Paris. 1912, no. 4,
Deu:

GITANOPSIS PUSILLA N. sp.
(Plate XXVI. Figs. 11, 12.)

Body smooth, somewhat iridescent. Rostrum curved, reaching to
end of Ist joimt of Ist antenna. Antero-lateral angles of head
rounded, eyes oval. Side-plate 1 very small, half depth of and partly
concealed by 2nd, side-plates 2-4 increasing slightly in depth, 4 longer
than 3, inferior margin of 2-4 with a few slight indents, 5-7 about
equal, bilobed. Pleon without dorsal teeth, postero-inferior angle of
ord segment quadrate.

Telson short, nearly half the length of peduncle of uropod 8, pyri-
form, apically rounded.

First antenna equal to head plus first 2 peraeon segments, 2nd joint
longer than Ist, 3rd shorter than Ist, flagellum 9-jointed, equal to
peduncle, with sensory filaments, accessory flagellum very minute,
1-jointed.

Second antenna a little longer than Ist, ultimate and penultimate
peduncular joints subequal, flagellum a little shorter than peduncle,
11-jointed.

Upper lp with apex angularly excised.

Lower lip, notch on inner margin of lobes small and inconspicuous,
apex with a small knob-like tubercle and several setules.

Mandibles, cutting-edge 9 dentate, secondary cutting-edge in left
multidenticulate, spine-row with 11 spines, palp slender, 2nd joint
half as long again as Ist, 3rd a little longer than 2nd, tapering to an
acute nonsetose point.

First maxilla, inner plate apically blunt, with 1 seta set im a small
indent, outer plate with 14 spines, palp 2-jointed, 2nd joint half as
long again as Ist, apex with 4 (?) spines.

Second maxilla, outer plate longer but much narrower than inner,

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 145

4. setae on apex of outer plate, 10 on apical and inner margins of inner
plate.

Maxilliped, inner plate reaching to middle, outer plate just beyond
end of Ist joint of palp, inner margin outer plate with 3 setules, apex
with 1 elongate incurved spine, palp stout, 4th joint unguiform.

First gnathopod, 2nd joint with a small lobe on anterior apex, 5th
triangular, cup-shaped, process reaching half way along inferior
margin of 6th, apically setose, 6th distally nearly as wide as long,
palm transverse, gently convex, minutely denticulate with spinules at
regular intervals, 2 spines at defining angle, finger matching palm,
inner margin minutely denticulate, with a small tooth at inner apex.

Second gnathopod similar but larger than Ist, process of 5th joit
nearly reaching end of inferior margin of 6th, apex setose with a row
of setae on margin next to 6th joint.

First and second peraeopods similar to one another, a little stouter
than Sars’ figures of the northern species, finger with a tooth at inner
apex.

Third peraeopod, 2nd joint oblong, twice as long as broad, fore
and hind margins straight, postero-inferior angle rounded, joints
stouter than in Ist and 2nd peraeopods, spinules on anterior margin
stronger.

Fourth peraeopod similar to 3rd; but 2nd joint not twice as long as
broad, more oval, fore and hind margins shghtly convex.

Fifth peraeopod, 2nd joint half as long again as broad.

First uropod longest, reaching to end of 3rd uropod, rami subequal,
not as long as peduncle, narrow, apices acute, margins spinulose.

Second uropod, outer ramus scarcely more than half length of inner,
which is subequal to peduncle, margins spinulose.

Third uropod, outer ramus shorter than inner, which is a little
shorter than peduncle, margins very feebly spinulose.

Length : 2-3°5 mm.

Colour: Uniform black, dark brown, or claret, or anterior half of
body dark, the posterior half white or very pale yellowish, some speci-
mens pale claret with 2 deeper transverse bands on each of peraeon
segments 1-6 and 5 longitudinal stripes from peraeon segment 7 to
end of pleon; 4th—6th pleon sezments, telson, uropods and all the
limbs always lighter than the rest. Eyes black.

Locality: Buffels Bay and St. James (False Bay). 28/9/13 and
15/2/14. (K.H.B.) @¢ and ovigerous 2? 2 (the latter in far
greater numbers); Sea Point near Cape Town. 15/11/15 and 14/12/13.
(K.H.B.) @ 6 and ovigerous 2? 9. (S.A.M. Nos. A2517, A2920,
A2918 and A2919 respectively.)

146 Annals of the South African Museum.

The very short telson serves to distinguish this species from all the
others, not only in the genus but also in the family.

Gen. PELTOCOXA Catta.

1875. Peltocoxa Catta, Rev. Sci. Nat. vol. 4, p. 161.
1893. 3 (part) Della Valle, F. u. Fl. Neapel. vol. 20, p. 647.
1906. a Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, pp. 159, 723.

PELTOCOXA AUSTRALIS N. Sp.
(Plate XXVI. Fig. 13.)

Body smooth, firm and rather strongly indurated. Rostrum very
small. Antero-lateral angles of head rounded. Eyes round oval.
Side-plates 1 and 2 very small, concealed by 3,3 and 4 very large,
adjacent margins closely fitting, inferior margin of 5 concave, 6 and
7 small, ovoid, not hidden. First and second peraeon segments short,
together equal to 3rd, 2nd a trifle shorter than Ist.

Pleon smooth, 4th segment longest, with a rather high dorsal crest
extending whole length of segment and rounded at fore and hind ends,
postero-inferior angles of segments 1-3 rounded.

Telson boat-shaped, short, reaching only as far as apex of peduncle
of 3rd uropod.

First antenna short, very stout, Ist a little longer than broad, equal
to 2nd and 8rd together, 2nd and 38rd broader than long, flagellum as
long as 2nd joint, 4-jointed, 1st joint very stout, with long sensory
filaments, 2nd-4th minute, with fine setules, accessory flagellum not
recognised with certainty.

Second antenna a little longer than Ist, ultimate joint a little
shorter than penultimate, flagellum shorter than peduncle, 4-jointed,
tapering, 4th joint ending in a long fine seta.

Upper lip subtriangular with a large apical notch.

Lower lip, lobes tapering to subacute apex, inner margin not
notched.

Mandibles, cutting-edge and secondary cutting-edge finely denticu-
late, molar very large and well developed, palp apparently absent.

First maxilla, inner plate with 1 setule in an apical indent, outer
plate with 10 (?) spines, palp 2-jointed, the joints subequal, apex with
4 setae.

Second maxilla, both plates narrow and subequal, apex with 8 spine-
setae.

Maxilliped, inner plate reaching to end of Ist joint of palp, apex

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 147

subacute, without setae or teeth, outer plate reaching to end of 2nd
joint of palp, apex with 1 incurved spine, inner margin very minutely
crenulate, 2nd joint palp with a tuft of setae on inner apex, 3rd joint
distinctly narrower than 2nd and nearly twice as long, inner apex
slightly produced beyond insertion of the narrow, unguiform 4th
joint, a subapical group of setules on inner margin of 3rd joint.

First gnathopod subchelate, 2nd joint not lobed on anterior apex,
5th joint produced below into a narrow process, apically subacute and
bearing 4 long spines, 6th ovate, broader across junction of palm with
inferior margin, which junction is ill defined and non-angular, but
bearing a small spine, palm with numerous denticles and 2 short
spines. between which margin is convex, as is also the case between
the upper spine and the hinge, finger curved, inner margin with 11
strong pointed, outstanding teeth.

Second gnathopod similar to Ist but a little larger, 6th joint expand-
ing a little distally, palm evenly convex, its junction with interior
margin a little more angular, but still not well-defined, studded with
minute tubercles.

First and second peraeopods slender, very sparsely spinose, finger
without apical tubercle.

Third peraeopod slender, similar to Ist and 2nd, 2nd joint not
enlarged.

Fourth and fifth peraeopods stouter, 2nd joint expanded oblong,
hind margin straight, entire, postero-inferior angle rounded, 4th pro-
duced on hind margin to middle (4th peraeopod) or end (5th peraeo-
pod) of 5th joint, finger without a tubercle.

First uropod reaching beyond 2nd and 8rd, rami subequal, as long
as peduncle.

Second uropod, outer ramus ? length of inner.

Third uropod, outer ramus equal to peduncle and 3 inner ramus,
not reaching apex of inner ramus of 2nd uropod, apex of peduncle
acutely produced. Upper margin of all the rami of all 3 uropods
finely serrulate.

Length: 2 mm.

Colour: Uniform dark claret, 4th—6th pleon segments, telson,
uropods and limbs whitish.

Locality: Sea Point, near Cape Town. 15/11/13. (K.H.B.) 4
specimens. (S.A.M. No. A2921.)

The short telson and subchelate Ist gnathopod distinguish this
species from the two northern ones.

Annals of the South African Museum.

Famity LEUCOTHOIDAE.

1852. Lencothoinae Dana. Amer. J. Sci. ser. 2 vol. 14, p. 311.
1856. Leucothoides Bate and Westwood, Rep. Brit. Ass. Meet. 25,

pa 2k,

1865. Leucothoina Lilljeborg, Nor. Act. Soc. Upsal. ser. 3, vol. 6,

no. ep. 1S:

1882. Leucothoidae G. O. Sars, Fort. Selsk. Christian. no. 18, Deets

1892.

29

”

1906.

1910.
1910.

Stebbing, Challeng. Rep. vol. 29, p. 771.
G. O. Sars, Crust. Norw. vol. 1, p. 281.
Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, p. 161.

id. Sci. Res. “ Thetis,” pt. 12, pp. 580, 636.
id. Gen. Cat. S. A. Crust. p. 452,

Gen. LEUCOTHOE Leach.

1793. Gammarellus (part) Herbst. Naturgesch. Krabb. Krebs. vol. 2,

p. 106.

1813/14. Leucothoe Leach, Edinb. Encycl. vol. 7, pp. 403, 432.
1816. Lycesta Savigny. Mem. Ass. s. Vert. vol. 1, p. 109.
1904. Leucothoe Walker in Herdman, Ceylon Pearl. Fish. Suppl. Rep.

1906.

1908.
12

1789.

1804.

1880

Io, PARtek
Stebbing, l.c. pp. 163, 724. (Synonymy )
Chevreux, Bull. l’Inst. oc. Monaco, no. 117, p. 11.
Chilton, Tr. Roy. Soc. Edinb. vol. 48, pt. 2, p, 478.

LevucorHor Sprnicarpa (Abildg.).

Gammarus spinicarpus Abildgaard in C. F. Miller, Zool. Dan.

ed. 3, vol. 3, p. 66, pl. 119, figs. 1-4.

Cancer articulosus Montagu, Tr. Linn. Soc. Lond. vol. 7, p. 70,

Dl OneAo.

. Leucothoe commensalis Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. vol. 4,

1888.

1888.

1892.

1893.

1904.

p- 261, pl.+10, fig. 3.
antarctica Pfeffer, Jahrb. Hamb. Anst. vol. 5, p. 128,
pl. 2, fig. 4.
miersi Stebbing, Challeng. Rep. vol. 29, p. 772, pl. 46.
spinicarpa G. O. Sars, Crust. Norw. vol. 1, p. 253;
ple 100; pl. NOI hoe
- Della Valle, F. u. Fl. Neapel vol. 20,
p. 652, pl. 6, fig. 4, pl. 19, figs. 1-20.
- Walker, I.c. p. 258.

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 149

1906. Leucothoe spinicarpa + miersi + commensalis Stebbing, Le.
pp. 165, 166.

1907. A Walker, Nat. Antarct. Exp. vol. 3, p. 18.

1909. r = id. Tr. Linn. Soc. Lond. vol. 12, pt. 4,
p- 331.

1910. Bs x Kunkel, Tr. Conn. Ac. Sci. vol. 16, p. 12,
fig. 3.

L9TO; A y Chevreux, Mém. Soc. Zool. Fr. vol. 23,
p. 194.

1910. e commensalis Stebbing, Sci. Res. “ Thetis,” pt. 12, pp-

580, 636.

1910. e miersi id. Gen. Cat. S. A. Crust. p. 453.

1912. 3 spinicarpa Chilton, Le. p. 478.

1912. 3 a Pearse, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. vol. 43 [1913],
p. 370.

After an examination of 4 South African specimens and their com-
parison with Plymouth specimens of L. spinicarpa (Abildg.), I have
come to the conclusion that LD. miersi Stebb. must be added to the
synonymy of the former species already given by Chilton.

Although in the South African specimens the 3rd joint of the
mandibular palp is somewhat shorter than in Plymouth specimens
and Sars’ figure (l.c. pl. 100), it is not so extremely short as in the
Challenger specimen. It is in fact somewhat variable even among
the 4 South African specimens. The other character by which miersi
is distinguished from the typical spinicarpa, namely, the relative
lengths of the ultimate and penultimate peduncular joints of the
2nd antenna, is also somewhat variable; in the South African specimens
the ultimate joint varies in length from little more than + to 5 the
length of the penultimate. Also the strength of the denticulations on
palm of 2nd gnathopod varies.

Length: 12 mm. (an ovigerous ? from St. James: 4 mm.).

Colour: The single specimen collected by myself at low-tide was
unfortunately not observed amongst numerous other amphipods until
the colours had faded.

Locality : Sandy Point N. } E., distant 10 miles (near Cape Morgan).
95 fathoms. ljuv. ; Port Shepstone WNW., distant 21 miles (Natal).
24 fathoms. 1 ovigerous ? ; Hood Point Lighthouse N. by W.2 W.
distant 11 miles (near East London). 49 fathoms. 1 ¢@. s.s. “ Pieter
Faure.” 14/8/01, 15/3/01, and 15/7/01 respectively. Sea Point (near
Cape Town). 29/11/18. 1 juv. (K.H.B.); St. James (False Bay).
15/2/14. 1 ovigerous ? (K.H.B.) ; Durban, July, 1915. 2 ¢ ¢(H.W.

150 Annals of the South African Museum.

Bell-Marley). (S.A.M. Nos. A165, A166, A2872, A2924, A2957, and
A3851 respectively.)

Geogr. Distribution: Arctic and North Atlantic Oceans; Norway,
30-150 fathoms (Sars); Britain (Montagu); France (Chevreux) ,
Mediterranean (Costa, Della Valle, Chevreux); Azores (Barrois) ;
Ceylon (Walker); Seychelles, 29-150 fathoms (Walker) ; Wasin,
British East Africa, 10 fathoms (Walker); Red Sea, low-tide
(Walker); McMurdo Sound, Antarctic (Walker); South Georgia
(Pfeffer: DL. antarctica); New South Wales (Haswell, Stebbing: L.
commensalis) ; Cape Agulhas, 150 fathoms (Stebbing: L. miersz) ;
South Orkneys (Chilton); Gulf of Mexico, 13-30 fathoms (Pearse) ;
Bermuda (Kunkel).

It is impossible to recognise Stimpson’s L. affinis, but itis probably
referable to this species or to L. richiardii. In the latter case, and if
Iam correct in my identification of the Cape specimens, richiardii
Lessona 1865 would become a synonym of afinis Stimpson 1855. Far
preferable is it, in my opinion, to drop affinis altogether.

Possible other synonyms of this species are :

L. grandimana Stimpson 1853. Bay of Fundy.
L. diemenensis Haswell 1880. Tasmania.

L. gracilis Haswell 1880. ‘Tasmania.

L. brevidigitata Miers 1884. Torres Straits.

LEUCOTHOE RICHIARDII Lessona.

1865. Leuwcothoe richiardii Mich. Lessona, Atti. Soc. Ital. vol. 8, p. 426.

18938. BS as Della Valle, lc. p. 654, pl. 3, fig. 4, plo;
fig. 21.

1906. = ‘ Stebbing, l.c. p. 167.

1910. Pe ‘ Chevreux, Mém. Soc. Zool. Fr. vol. 23, p. 196.

Body rather broad. Antero-lateral angles of head rounded. Eyes
large, subrotund. Side-plate 1 widened below, 2 a little longer Alban
deep, 3 deeper than long, 4 about as long as deep, antero-inferior
angle rounded, inferior margin strongly angular in @. Postero-
inferior angles of 2nd and 3rd pleon segments acutely produced, with
sinus above in the 3rd.

Telson a little more than thrice as long as broad, apex minutely
trifid, the middle tooth the largest.

First antenna reaching to 3rd peraeon segment, Ist and 2nd joints
subequal, 3rd very short, flagellum shorter than 2nd peduncular joint,
ca. 12-jointed.

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 151

Second antenna nearly as long as Ist, slender, ultimate peduncular
joint shorter than penultimate, flagellum half as long as ultimate
peduncular joint, 4-jointed.

Mandibular palp rather long, slender, 3rd joint a little longer than
Ist, not quite half length of 2nd.

The other mouth parts without particular features.

First gnathopod, interior margin of the process of 5th joint quite
smooth, 6th joint slightly tapering distally, inner margin finely
denticulate, finger more than 3, in ¢ nearly 3, length of 6th.

Second gnathopod, 5th joint ending obtusely, 6th elongate-oval
(similar to that of L. lilljeborgit Boeck), palm convex, denticulate only
on its distal half, palm and hind margin in the largest specimen
feebly differentiated, finger strongly curved.

Third to fifth peraeopods, posterior margin of 2nd joint entire, or
very obscurely serrate, other joints moderately spinose, anterior margin
of 6th joint with a very regular and even row of spinules.

First and second uropods feebly spinose; third uropods lost.

Length: & from Cape St. Francis 9 mm., ¢ from Glendower
Beacon 14 mm.; ovigerous ? 8 mm.

Colour: In spirit, yellowish or pale pinkish, eyes light red-brown ;
in life, flesh-pink, eyes crimson.

Locality : Cape St. Francis NE., distant 29 miles. 75 fathoms. 1 2,
2 2 2 (1 ovigerous) ; Glendower Beacon N. 3 W., distant 16 miles. 66
fathoms. 1 ¢. s.s. ‘“ Pieter Faure.” 19/2/02 and 10/9/01. Buffalo
Bay (False Bay). 1/3/15. (K.H.B.). 1 ¢,lovigerous ?. (S.A.M.
Nos. A164, A2764, and A3294.

Geogr. Distribution: Mediterranean (Lessona, Della Valle, Chevreux).

The depth of the sinus on postero-inferior angle of 3rd_pleon
segment varies somewhat; it is strongest in the two male specimens,
and in one of the females is very feebly developed.

LEvucoTHOER DOLICHOCERAS D0. Sp.
(Plate XXVI. Fig. 14)

Antero-lateral angles of head rounded. Eyes not distinguishable.
Side-plate 1 slightly widened below, 2, 3, and 4 deeper than long, 4
deepest at the blunt antero-inferior angle, thence sloping evenly and
without any angle backwards and upwards to emargination. Postero-
inferior angles of 2nd and 3rd pleon segments acutely produced, 3rd
with deep sinus above.

Telson twice as long as broad, oval, apex broadly rounded.

First antenna reaching to third pleon segment, slender, 2nd joint a

152 Annals of the South African Museum.

little shorter than Ist, 3rd short, flagellum longer than peduncle, ca.
34-jointed, accessory flagellum minute.

Second antenna reaching to middle of 2nd peduncular joint of Ist
antenna, ultimate peduncular joint shorter than penultimate, thin and
somewhat laminate, flagellum shorter than ultimate peduncular joint,
ca. 10-jointed, but joints very indistinct.

Mandibular palp rather short and stout, 3rd joint a little longer
than Ist and shorter than 2nd.

The other mouth parts without particular features.

First gnathopod, inner margin of process of fifth joint not serrulate,
6th joint same width throughout, imner margin finely denticulate,
finger + length of 6th.

Second gnathopod, 5th joimt ending subacutely, 6th elongate-oval,
palm defined by a blunt angle, with 3 large blunt-pointed tubercles
and a small one near hinge, the 2 large ones nearest hinge close
together, between them and the other large tubercle a narrow and
rather deep gap, between the last large tubercle and the angle of palm
some small irregular denticles, finger equal to palm with a rather deep
semicircular incision at base, bounded by a denticle. .

Peraeopods not very slender, almost totally devoid of spines.

First and second uropods also almost spineless; third uropods lost.

Length : 12 mm.

Colour : In spirit, pale pinkish.

Locality: Cape St. Francis NE., distant 29 miles. 75 fathoms.
2 8 8; Sandy Point (near Cape Morgan) NE. by N., distant 6 miles.
51 fathoms. 1 juv. d; s.s. ‘Pieter Faure.” 19/2/02 and 14/8/01.
(S.A.M. Nos. A167 and A3399.)

The distinctive marks of this species are the length of the first
antennae, whence the specific name, and the 2nd gnathopod.

Famity STENOTHOIDAE.

1871. Stenothoinae Boeck. Forh. Selsk. Christian. 1870, p. 138.
1888. Stenothoidae Stebbing, Challeng. Rep. vol. 29, p. 747.

1892. i G. O. Sars, Crust. Norw. vol. 1, p. 234.
1900. » Chevreux, Rés. Camp. Monaco, vol. 16, p. 55.
1901. os id. Bull. Soc. Rouen, vol. 36, p. 2838.

1906. = Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, pp. 192, 725.
1907. * Walker, Nat. Antarct, Exp. vol. 3, p. 18.

1910. te Stebbing, Gen. Cat. 8. A. Crust. p. 453.

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 153

Gen. STENOTHOE Dana.

1852. Stenothoe Dana, Amer. J. Sci. ser. 2, vol. 14, p. 311.

1904. 3 Walker in Herdman’s Ceylon Pearl Fish. Suppl. Rep.
leaps Zoe

1906. A Stebbing, le. pp. 192, 725.

1907. . Chevreux, Bull. Mus. d’Hist. Nat 1907, no. 6, p. 412.

1908. p id. Bull. ’Inst. océan. Monaco, no. 113, p. 1.

1908. ‘5 id. ibid. no. 129, p. 1.

1908. P id. Mém. Soe. Zool. Fr. vol. 20, p. 471.

OWE Bs id. ibid. vol. 23, p. 197.

STENOTHOE DOLICHOPOUS N. sp.
(Plate XXVI. Figs. 15-17.)

Body compressed, especially posteriorly. Rostrum half length of head,
antero-lateral angles of head subacute, eyes large, projecting, thori-
zontally oval. Side-plate 1 oblong, postero-inferior angle produced
downward in a triangular lobe, almost completely concealed under
side-plate 2, side-plates 2 and 3 oblong, deeper than long, inferior
margin straight, antero- and postero-inferior angles rounded, side-
plate 4 subrectangular, nearly twice as long as deep, inferior margin
and angles as in side-plates 2 and 3, posterior margin straight not
excavate. Pleon segment 3 with postero-lateral angles rounded with
a very minute projection. Pleon segments 5 and 6 very short.

Telson nearly twice as long as broad, oval, lateral margins with one
blunt spine near base, one larger one in middle and one equally large
near apex. :

First antenna at least as long as total length, 2nd joint shorter than
Ist, 3rd joint very short and indistinctly separated from flagellum,
which is ca. 33-jointed, longer than peduncle, no accessory flagellum.

Second antenna subequal to Ist, ultimate peduncular joint slightly
shorter than penultimate, flagellum equal to the last two peduncular
joints together, ca. 24-jointed.

Mouth-parts normal, without particular features; outer plate of
first maxilla with 6 apical spines ; in the mandible there are 3-4 setae
on the small protuberance where the palp should be, and 4 spines in
the spine-row ; maxilliped. elongate and slender, 4th joint equal to
2nd, 5th nearly equal to 4th, 3rd short.

First gnathopod very elongate, 4th jot subequal to 3rd, forming
a broadly rounded lobe, scarcely produced, 5th subequal to 2nd, 6th
shorter, narrowly linear, palm oblique and defined by 2 spines, finger
matching palm.

sa

154 Annals of the South African Museum.

Second gnathopod anterior apex of 2nd and 3rd jomts forming rounded
lobes. 6th joint twice as long as broad, no inferior margin, palm
slightly sinuous, setose, with a conical tooth a little beyond the middle,
a larger one nearer the hinge, followed by a large triangular, anteriorly
crenate and setose tooth just before the hinge, finger nearly as long
as palm, inner margin with 3 emarginations, the two distal ones
setose.

First and second peraeopods, 2nd joint linear; 4th longer than 5th
but shorter than 6th.

Third peraeopod similar but posterior apex of 2nd joint slightly
expanded as a rounded lobe, 4th subequal to 6th.

Fourth and fifth peraeopods, 2nd joint expanded, oval, otherwise
similar to third peraeopod, 7th joint on all the peraeopods stout.

All the uropods slender.

First uropod, peduncle longer than rami, of which outer is longer
than inner, peduncle and both margins of rami spinulose.

Second uropod, peduncle and ramus subequal, outer ramus shorter,
peduncle and rami spinulose.

Third uropod, ramus shorter than peduncle, 2nd joint half length of
first, peduncle with 4 stout spines, Ist joint of ramus with 2 marginal
and 1 apical spines.

Length : 6 mm.

Colour: In spirit, pale pinkish.

Locality: Sandy Point. N. } E., distant 10 miles (near Cape
Morgan). 95 fathoms. 1 g. s.s. “ Pieter Faure.” 14/8/01. (8.A.M.
No. A214.)

The specific name in allusion to the elongate Ist gnathopods, which
are somewhat similar to those of Metopa norvegica (Lilj.).

STENOTHOE GALLENSIS Walker.

1904. Stenothoe gallensis Walker in Herdman’s Ceylon Pearl Fish.
Suppl. Rep. 17, p. 261, pl. 3, figs. 19.

1906. “s Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, p. 725.

1907. ‘ crenulata Chevreux, Bull. Mus. d’Hist. Nat. 1907,
no. 6, p. 412, and Mém. Soe. Zool. Fr.
vol. 20, p. 471, text-figs. 1-3.

Ls gallensis Walker, Tr. Linn. Soc. Lond. vol. 12, pt. 4,

p- 331.

Since Walker in 1909 corrected his original statement and declares
that the 2nd joint of the 3rd peraeopod is as narrow as that of peraeo-
pods 1 and 2, the only outstanding difference between his species and
crenulata Chevreux vanishes.

1909.

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 155

With regard to the present specimens, in spite of the absence of an
adult g¢, I have no hesitation in assigning them to this species. The
flagellar joints of the antennae are a little fewer in number (15 in both
antennae), but otherwise the agreement is exact, down to the orna-
mentation on the 2nd joint of the ramus of the 3rd uropod.

This last character and the much less strongly expanded 4th joint
of peraeopods 3-5, as well as the hand and finger of the 2nd
gnathopod in the @, will serve to distinguish this species clearly
from S. adhaerens Stebbing.

In S. crenulatw Chevreux has described the mandibles as having in
the place of the palp a small setiferous tubercle. The same peculiarity
is found in the present specimens, but the tubercle is sharper pointed
than in Chevreux’s figure and bears a seta at its base.

Length : Ovigerous 2? 5 mm.

Colour : Whitish, eyes rather indistinct.

Locality: Durban. July, 1915. (H. W. Bell-Marley.) 1 ovigerous
? and 3juv. (8.A.M. No. A3846.)

Geogr. Distribution: Ceylon (Walker) ; Gambier Archipelago, 0-25
metres (Chevreux: crenulata) ; Seychelles, 36 fathoms, and Zanzibar
(Walker).

S. spinitmana Chevreux (Mem. Soe. Zool. Fr. vol. 23, 1910, p. 197,
text-fig. 7 and pl 12, figs. 1-12), from Algeria appears closely allied to
this species.

Famity PHLIANTIDAR.

1899. Phliadidae Stebbing, Tr. Linn. Soc. Lond. ser. 2, Zool. vol. 7,
p- 414.

1906. * Chevreux, Bull. Soc. Zool. Fr. vol. 31, p. 87.

1906. Phliantidae Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, pp. 200, 726.

1909. Ms Chilton, Tr. N. Zeal. Inst. vol. 41, p. 61.

1910. x Kunkel, Tr. Conn. Ac. Sci. vol. 16, p. 19.

1910. Phliasidae Chevreux, Mém. Soe. Zool. Fr. vol. 23, p. 201.

PLIOPLATEIA n. g.

Fifth and sixth pleon segments very short and indistinct, telson
transverse, entire ; Ist antenna larger than second, neither very short ;
Ist maxilla with inner plate, 6—7 spines on outer plate and a very small
but distinct palp; 2nd maxilla with inner and outer plates fused at
base; palp of maxilliped long, 4-jointed; Ist and 2nd gnathopods
similar, subchelate; the three posterior peraepods stouter and longer
than the anterior two, 2nd joints not expanded ; rami of Ist and 2nd

156 Annals of the South African Museum.

pleopods but not those of 3rd pleopods well developed, peduncles not
expanded ; 3rd uropod represented only by the lobe-lke peduncle.

This genus differs from the other genera of the family in having
long antennae, a palp on Ist maxilla and the peduncles of pleopods
not expanded.

PLIOPLATEIA TRIQUETRA Ni. Sp.
(Plate XXVI. Figs. 18-24.)

Body about as broad as deep. Head short, rostrum upturned, with
a smaller tooth on either side. Eye round. <A small tooth on the
anterior margin in front of eye, inferior margin keeled, ending in a
small tooth at the antero-latero angle.

Peraeon segment | equal to head, segments 1-7 each surmounted
by a dorsal keel, strongest on Ist, where it is deeply bifid, on the other
segments it occupies only the posterior portions, a flat horizontal,
backwardly directed prominence on each segment just above the junc-
tions with the side-plates. Side-plates not contiguous, Ist nearly as.
deep as its segment, subtriangular, widening below and projecting
forwards to antero-lateral angle of head, 2nd, 8rd, and 4th oblong,
not quite twice as deep as long and not as deep as segments, antero-
inferior angles of Ist to 4th rounded, inferior margin notched pos-
teriorly, postero-inferior angles subacute, 5th longer than deep, strongly
notched, anterior and posterior lobes acute, 6th and 7th similar to-
5th but successively smaller.

Pleon not strongly flexed, lst and 2nd segments with a dorsal tooth
on posterior margin as large as that on 7th peraeon segment, a small
subdorsal tooth on either side, 3rd segment smooth, unarmed except
for the very obscure subdorsal teeth, 4th quite smooth, subequal to.
3rd, postero-inferior angles of Ist to 3rd segments obtusely rounded.

Telson transverse, twice as wide as long, apical margin straight,.
postero-lateral angles rounded.

First antenna reaching to about 6th peraeon segment, Ist joint 2 2nd,
upper apex of both ist and 2nd joint projecting as an acute tooth,
lower margin of Ist with one subapical tooth, 3rd jomt } 2nd, narrow
and unarmed, flagellum longer than peduncle, 15 jointed.

Second antenna reaching to middle of flagellum of Ist antenna,
8rd joint short, 4th as long as broad, upper apex of both produced but
not prominently so, 5th equal to 3rd and 4th together, narrow and
unarmed, flagellum longer than peduncle, 11-jointed.

Upper lip entire.

Lower lip, lobes broad, apically truncate, inner lobes absent.

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 157

Mandibles, cutting-edge 4 dentate, secondary cutting-edge in left
with 8 fine teeth, absent altogether in right, molar not prominent, palp
absent.

First maxilla, inner plate very small, without setae, outer plate with
6-7 spines, palp very small, with 1-2 apical setae.

Second maxilla, plates fused at base, apically distinct, the outer
longer and broader than inner, with ca. 7 setae on apex, and 3 on
outer distal margin, inner plate apically subacute with 1 long spine
and 3 setules on inner margin.

Maxilliped, inner apical angle of inner plate with 1 spinule and 1
setule, outer plates with very few setules, 4th joint of palp as long as
2nd and 35rd together, curved, with | apical seta and crenulate inner
margin.

First and second gnathopods similar, 2nd joint longest, 3rd and 4th
joints subequal, 5th longer than 6th in Ist gnathopod, subequal in
2nd, 6th joint widening distally, palm nearly transverse, nearly as long
as inferior margin, defined by 2 spines and sparsely setose.

First and second peraeopods, 2nd joint longest, linear, 3rd and 5th
subequal, 4th longer, anterior apex somewhat produced, subacute, 6th
a little longer than 4th, 7th half 6th, with 1 spine-seta on inner
margin near apex, hind-margin of 4th to 6th joints with short thick
pubescence.

Third to fifth peraeopods, 2nd jomt not expanded, postero-inferior
apex with an acute triangular tooth, 3rd joint shortest, 4th subequal to
2nd, hind margin distally expanded, apex subacute, distal margin
sinuous, 5th a little shorter than 4th, 6th longest, 7th a little more
than half 6th, stout and curved, with a spine seta near apex, hind
margin of 4th to 6th joints with short thick pubescence. All the
peraeopods are sparsely setose.

Marsupial plates very large, oval, twice as long as broad, with thick
fringe of plumose setae.

First and second pleopods, peduncle subrectangular, not produced,
inner apical angle with 4 curved spines, rami well developed, with
plumose setae.

Third pleopod, peduncle as in Ist and 2nd pleopods, rami rudimen-
tary, short and oval, without setae.

First uropod, peduncle stout, equal to inner ramus which is longer
than outer, a short blunt spine on apex of outer ramus and one just
before the apex of inner ramus.

Second uropod, peduncle stout, longer than rami, which are subequal.

Third uropod represented only by an oval lobe-like peduncle, without
spines or setae.

158 Annals of the South African Museum.

(

Length: 7 mm.

Colour : In spirit yellowish.

Locality: Great Fish Point Lighthouse N. by W., distant 9 miles.
49 fathoms. 1 nonovigerous 2. s.s. “‘ Pieter Faure.” 4/9/01. (S.A.M.
A174.)

The resemblance of the head, lst peraeon segment and side-plates,
and to a less extent the rest of the peraeon and pleon, to Lepechinella
chrysotheras Stebb. is rather curious.

TEMNOPHLIAS n. ¢.

Lateral portions of peraeon segments not contiguous; telson entire,
pyriform, longer than broad; antennae short; lobes of 2nd maxilla
fused basally; palp of maxilliped 2-jointed ; Ist and 2nd gnathopods
similar, simple ; 2nd and 8rd peraeopods chelate in 3 ; peduncle of all
the pleopods strongly produced; all the uropods uniramous (a small
fixed rudiment of a second ramus in Ist and 2nd), in 3rd uropod
peduncle and ramus fused.

Generic name composed of repyw, to cut, and Phlias, the original
genus of the family, in allusion to the discontinuous peraeon segments
and side-plates.

TEMNOPHLIAS CAPENSIS Ni. Sp.
(Plate XXVI. Figs. 25-35.)

Body broad, oval. Head free, not sunk within Ist peraeon segment,
rostrum triangular, reaching to level of antero-lateral angles which are
rounded, margin between rostrum and these angles deeply concave.
Eyes shortly oval, situate in the antero-lateral angles.

Peraeon smooth, glabrous, the lateral portions of the segments not
contiguous. Side-plates subrectangular, inferior margin slightly
emarginate.

Pleon segments 4 to 6 flexed under peraeon, segment 2 inthe 3 with
a pair of submedian tubercles on anterior portion, another larger pair
near posterior margin curving forwards, posterior margin slightly
produced backwards as a rounded lobe overlapping segment 3, no
tubercles in .

Telson pyriform, longer than broad, lateral margins rather concave
in g, apex subacute, lateral margins and upper apical surface setose.

First antenna, Ist joint stout, a trifle broader than long, 2nd sub-
quadrate, upper (outer) apex of Ist and 2nd joints subacutely produced,
3rd shorter, cylindrical, flagellum equal to 2nd joint, obscurely 2-3
jointed, lower (inner) apex of Ist Joint bevelled off and furnished with

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 159

long setae, 2nd minute, with apical setae; in ? similar, but Ist and
2nd joints not apically produced.

Second antenna a little longer than Ist, the two basal joints small,
penultimate joint subacutely produced on inner (lower) apex, ultimate
joint longer than penultimate, cylindrical, flagellum not as long as
ultimate peduncular joint, 2-jointed, 2nd joint minute, both apically
setose.

Upper lip with truncate distal margin, slightly notched or excavate,
lateral angles rounded.

Lower lip, inner lobes absent, outer lobes apically rounded.

Mandibles, cutting-edge, 6-dentate, secondary cutting-edge in left
4-dentate, apparently absent in right, spine-row with 3 spines in left,
2 in right, molar represented by a stout, pellucid spine tipped with a
seta as long as itself, no trace of palp.

First maxilla, outer plate with 4 stout, minutely denticulate spines,
no inner plate or palp.

Second mayilla, plates fused proximally but slightly separated
distally, outer plate with 4 apical setae.

Maxilliped, inner plate apically truncate, with 3 teeth, outer plate
reaching to middle of apical joint of palp, outer margin convex, inner
margin straight with a few fine setules, palp of 2 joints only, 2nd
longer than first; inner margin being indented in middle and the
setae disposed in 2 groups show that this joint is really two joints
fused, though there is no trace of a suture.

First gnathopod simple, 2nd joint with a blunt lobe on anterior
margin subapically, anterior margin of 3rd apically produced, 4th
triangular, smaller than 3rd or 5th, 5th not strongly lobed inferiorly,
6th tapering, inner margin entire, setose, a short stout spine on inner
apex, unguis curved.

Second gnathopod similar to 1st but stouter and with anterior margin
of 2nd joint expanded keel-like and ending before apex of joint,
anterior margin straight.

In 2 Ist and 2nd gnathopods similar to those of 3.

Peraeopods gradually increasing in length posteriorly. First peraeo-
pod somewhat similar to 2nd gnathopod, but 4th joint expanded
anteriorly, 5th likewise expanded, transverse, posterior margin of 4th
and 5th setose, anterior margin of 2nd keeled.

Second peraeopod similar to Ist but in g 6th joint broader, oval-
oblong, inner apex (‘“palm’’) strongly excised forming a rounded
notch, apex of inferior margin projecting shortly, finger with unguis
reaching this lobe and making the limb almost chelate; in 2 simple,
resembling Ist peraeopod.

160 Annals of the South African Museum.

Third peraeopod resembling 2nd (chelate in g, simple in 2?) but
the keel on posterior (upper) margin of 2nd joint, indented in middle,
more strongly so in ¢ than 9, a setain the indent, the whole margin
of keel minutely crenulate, 4th to 6th joimts rather densely setose
Ine

Fourth and fifth peraeopods similar to Ist, keel on 2nd joint
crenulate and emarginate in middle, 4th to 6th joints densely setose
in i.

Branchial lamellae narrow, apically rounded, margins not setose.

Marsupial lamellae oval, apically rounded, setose.

First to third pleopods in both sexes decreasing in size posteriorly,
but not at all degenerate, peduncles with inner apices produced as
narrow lobes (longest in the Ist pleopod) bearing 4 hooked spines.

First uropod, peduncle straight, cylindrical, ramus shorter than
pedunele, narrow, apex with a short blunt spine, upper outer margin
very finely and regularly pectinate, inner apex of peduncle with a
short blunt tubercle probably representing the ner ramus.

Second uropod in g reaching as far as Ist, peduncle stout, upper
margin concave, a blunt lobe at upper outer basal angle, another at
lower apex and another at upper inner apex, this latter bearing a
tubercle (representing the inner ramus), ramus short and very stout,
apically rounded, upper margin of peduncle and ramus with a few
setae; in ? not quite as long as Ist uropod and not stouter, only the
lobe on inner apex present, ramus as in Ist uropod with marginal
pectinations and apical spines.

Third uropod reaching just beyond other uropods in 3, not quite
as far in 2, rapidly tapering to an acute apex, limits of peduncle and
ramus observable on the margins, but no trace of a transverse suture,
margins setulose, 1 apical seta.

Length: (Pleon flattened out) g¢ 7 mm. 2? 4 mm.; breadth:
(including side-plates) ¢ 3mm., 9 2 mm.

Colour: Pale salmon or buff with numerous circular pink spots,
each with a pale centre and a darker circumference, on head, side-
plates, lateral portions of peraeon segments, pleon and basal joints of
limbs, the largest being the submedian row on the peraeon, and of
these the two on the 4th segment are the most conspicuous. Eyes
black.

Locality: St. James and Kalk Bay (False Bay). July, 1896.
2 nonovigerous ? @ (Dr. W. F. Purcell) and 11/8/12. g % and @ ?
with ova and embryos (K.H.B.). On underside of boulders at low-
tide. (S.A.M. Nos. 8828, A114 and A2893).

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 161

Famity PARDALISCIDAE.

1871. Pardaliscinae Boeck, Forh. Selsk. Christian. 1870, p. 150.
1882. Pardaliscidae G. O. Sars, ibid. no. 18, p. 28.

1888. iP Stebbing, Challeng. Rep. vol. 29, p. 990.
1893. G. O. Sars, Crust. Norw. vol. 1, p. 401.
1906. " Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, p. 220.

Gen. NICIPPE Bruzelius.

1859. Nicippe Bruzelius, Svenska Ak. Handl. u.s. vol. 3. no. 1, p. 99.
1893. 5 G. O. Sars, Le. p. 409.

1893. i (part) Della Valle, F. u. Fl. Neapel. vol. 20, p. 657.
1906. 5 Stebbing, Le. p. 225.

Nicipre tumipa Bruzelius.

1859. Nicippe tunida Bruzelius, Lc. p. 99, pl. 4, fig. 19.

1868. 2 » Norman, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 4, vol. 2,
p. 414, pl. 21, figs. 4-6.

1876. a » Boeck, Skand. Arkt. Amphip. vol. 2, p. 492.

1893. te » G.O. Sars, Le. p. 410, pls. 144 and 145, fig. 1.

1893. ” » Della Valle, lc. p. 658, pl. 59, figs. 66, 67.

1906. a » stebbine, Nex p. 226.

1908. x » Holmes, Proc. U:S. Nat. Mus. vol. 35 (1909),
p. 526.

The followimg small differences between the southern and the
northern specimens are noticeable :

Telson, lobes narrowing evenly to apices, inner margin scarcely
sinuate as in Sars’ figure.

First antenna, flagellum ca. 46-jointed, accessory flagellum 5-
jointed, Ist-4th joints decreasing gradually in length, 5th small.

Second antenna, flagellum ca. 15-jointed.

Mandible, secondary cutting-edge in right mandible represented by
two fairly stout spines.

First maxilla, outer plate with 8 spines, palp with 8 spines, and
2 setae near the inner distal angle.

Maxilliped, inner margin of 4th joint of palp smooth, not spinulose.

First and second gnathopods, inner margin of finger smooth except
for the basal tooth, which is fairly prominent.

Length: 11 mm.

Colour: Pale yellowish.

162 Annals of the South African Museum.

Locality: Cape Point NE. by E., distant 36 miles. 650 fathoms.
1 nonovigerous 9. s.s. “ Pieter Faure.” 15/7/03. (S.A.M. No.
A2792.)

Geogr. Distribution : Norway, 60-3800 fathoms (Bruzelius, Boeck,
Sars); Shetlands (Sp. Bate) ; Skye (Norman) ; Monterey Bay, Cali-
fornia, 56 fathoms (Holmes).

Famiry OEDICEROTIDAE.

1865. Oedicerina Lilljeborg, Nov. Act. Soc. Upsal. ser. 3, vol. 6, no. 1,
pals:

1871. Oedicerinae Boeck, Forh. Selsk. Christian. 1870, p. 160.

1883. Oediceridae Schneider, Tromsé Mus. Aarsh. vol. 6 (p. 1).

1888. 53 Stebbing, Challeng. Rep. vol. 29, p. 835.
1892. Fr G. O. Sars, Crust. Norw. vol. 1, p. 286.

1893. Oediceridi Della Valle, F. u. Fl. Neapel, vol. 20, p. 531.

1906. Oedicerotidae Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, pp. 235, 726.

1910. Ocedicerosidae Chevreux, Mém. Soe. Zool. Fr. vol. 25, 1910, p. 205.
For additional genera see also: 1906. Chevreux, Bull. Soc. Zool. Fr.

vol. 31, p. 76; and 1911. Stappers, Due d’Orleans Camp. Arct. 1907,

p. 40.

Gen. OEDICEROIDES Stebbing.
1888. Oediceroides Stebbing, l.c. p. 843.

1892. Me G, Oxsars esp. 2872

1896. i Bonnier, Ann. Univ. Lyon. vol. 26, p. 640.

1906. - Stebbing, Lc. p. 267.

1906. + Walker, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. vol. 18, p. 15.

1907. ee id. Nat. Ant. Exp. vol. 3, p. 22.

1910. oo Stebbing, Sci. Res. ‘‘ Thetis,” pt. 12, p. 589.

LOAF s Chevreux, Ann. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, ser. 3,

vol. 14, p. 403.

With the exception of O. provimus Bonnier from the Bay of Biscay,
he genus has hitherto been recorded only from the southern oceans.

OEDICEROIDES CINDERELLA Stebbing.
1888. Oediceroides cinderella Stebbing, l.c. p. 850, pls. 62, 63.
1893. Halimedon ef Della Valle, Lec. p. 540, pl. 58, figs 43-45.
1906. O8cdiceroides os Stebbing, Lc. p. 269.
Eyes apparently absent. First maxilla with 5 plumose setae on

inner plate, in one of the specimens examined a wide gap between the

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 163

basal 3 and the distal 2 setae. First antenna with a row of 7 stout
spines, besides several sets, on anterior margin of Ist joint, each spine
arising from a small indent, flagellum subequal to peduncle, 17-
jointed. Second antenna with peduncle rather longer than first
antenna, ultimate joint shorter than penultimate, flagellum 80-90-
jointed. First and second uropods with outer basal surface of
peduncle setose, upper and inner margins spinose, basal half of outer
and inner margins of both rami spinose. Third uropod similar but
shorter than 2nd. Telson with apical margin straight, postero-lateral
angles rounded, as in O. /ahillei Chevreux.

Length: 17—25 mm.

Colour: In spirit, pinkish or yellowish.

Locality: Cape Point EK. 3 N., distant 38 miles. 630 fathoms.
1? g; 56°49’ 8. 21° 14° E. 560 fathoms. 4 ¢ ¢,1 ovigerous 9.
s.s. “ Pieter Faure.” 9/9/03 and 18/7/06. (S.A.M. Nos. A115 and
AUlGTGS)

Geogr. Distribution: Falkland Islands, 1035 fathoms (Stebbing).

The Cape specimens differ from the typical form only in the small
details above mentioned. There are no traces of the eyes or any
pigment in any of the specimens; and in this respect the specimens
approximate to O. proximus, unless the method of preservation, 6 years
in formalin and then alcohol, is responsible for this feature. The
number of setae on inner plate of first maxilla is also nearer O. proximus
than O. cinderella. In all other points, however, the present specimens
are inseparable from the latter species.

Gen. BATHYMEDON G. O. Sars.

1871. Halimedon (part) Boeck, Forh. Selsk. Christian. 1870, p. 169.
1892. Bathymedon G. O. Sars, Crust. Norw. vol. 1, p. 332.
1906. i Stebbing, Das Tierreich 21, p. 255.

BaTHYMEDON PALPALIS N. Sp.
(Plate XXVIL. Figs. 1-3.)

Rostrum very small. Eyes and apparently all pigment absent.
Peraeon and pleon segments dorsally rounded. Side-plate 1 strongly
produced forward, narrower in ¢ than in the (supposed) @ , antero-
inferior angle rounded, 2 and 3 oblong, subequal, 4 as deep as pre-
ceding but rather longer, whole posterior margin emarginate, 5 bilobed,

id

lobes subequal, 6 subquadrate, 7 shallow. Postero-inferior angles of

pleon segments 1—5 rounded.

164 Annals of the South African Museum.

Telson a little longer than broad, slightly tapering, shallowly
notched, apices rounded, each with 1 short stout spine.

First antenna, Ist jomt longer and stouter than 2nd, with | strong
spine on lower apex, 2nd joint with 4 spinules on upper margin
and 2 spinules on upper apex, 3rd joint 3 length of 2nd, flagellum
equal to 2nd and 3rd peduncular joimts together, 14-jointed.

Second antenna, ultimate joint longer than penultimate, flagellum in
¢ specimen very long, ca. 70-jointed.

Upper and lower lips as figured by Sars for B. longimanus (Boeck ).

Mandibles stout, cutting-edge thick, apex obtuse, nondentate,
secondary cutting-edge represented by a stout spiniform process,
apically bifid im left, obtuse in right, spime-row with 3 spines in left,
5 in right, molar denticulate and setose, palp very stout, especially 2nd
joint, which is scarcely curved but strongly angular on inner basal
margin, 3rd joint not as long as 2nd, more slender than either Ist or
2nd joints.

First maxilla, inner plate with 3 apical setae and some very fine
setules on inner margin, outer plate with 9 spines, some of them
tending to be bifid, palp with 2nd joint widest in middle, inner distal
margin with ca. 8 setae, 4 apical setae, outer distal margin with
2 groups of 3 setae each.

Second maxilla, inner plate broader than outer, both setose.

Maxilliped, inner plate extending just beyond apex of 2nd joint
(not of palp), inner apical angle with 1 spine, apical margin setose,
outer plate not quite reaching end of 2nd joint of palp, inner margin
with setae and strong spines, 2nd joint of palp not strongly expanded
distally, 4th joint as long as 3rd.

First gnathopod, 5th joimt produced into a lobe bearing several
setae and 2 apical spines, 6th joint ovate, almost as long and as broad
as 5th, palm convex, not very oblique, subequal to inferior margin,
palmar spine present in one specimen only, finger just overlapping palm.

Second gnathopod, 5th joint produced into a lobe but not so strongly
as in Ist gnathopod, with numerous setae and 2 long apical spines, 6th
joint shorter but a little broader than 5th, similar to that of Ist
enathopod.,

First and second peraeopods, 4th and especially 5th joints rather
strongly setose and spinose, 4th longer than 5th or 6th, which are
subequal, finger in Ist peraeopod not quite as long as, in 2nd a little
longer than, 6th, not strongly tapering, ending in a minute curved
unguis.

Third and fourth peraeopods, 2nd joint not expanded, oblong,
tapering slightly, anterior margin in 3rd peraeopod slightly concave,

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 165

in 4th straight, setose, hind margin smooth, 4th joint (in 4th peraeopod)
longer than 5th but shorter than 6th, hind margin strongly spinose,
finger as long as 6th (5th—7th joints in 3rd peraeopod lost.)

Fifth peraeopod, 2nd joint 2} times as wide proximally as distally,
hind margin nearly straight, very faintly serrulate, 3rd—7th joints
lost.

First and second uropods, rami narrow, finely pointed, outer a little
longer than inner, feebly spinose.

Third uropod lost.

Length: 9 mm.

Colour: In spirit, whitish.

Locality: Cape Point N.E. by E., distant 86 miles. 650 fathoms.
3 mutilated specimens (one of thema g, other two uncertain). s.s.
“‘ Pieter Faure.” 15/7/03. (S.A.M. No. A2794.)

Specific name referring to the mandibular palp, which forms one of
the distinguishing features of the species. The other features are:
the absence of eyes, the shape and size of the 5th and 6th joints of
the Ist and 2nd gnathopods, the 2nd joint of the 3rd and 4th
peraeopods, and the telson.

(?) Gen. HALICREION Boeck.
1871. Halicreion Boeck, Forh. Selsk. Christian. 1870, p. 173.

1876. 3 id. Skand. Arkt. Amphip. vol. 2, p. 294.
1892. i G.O. Sars. Crust. Norw. vol. 1, p. 321.
1906. ms Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, p. 247.

Since in the single specimen the 8rd uropods have been broken off,
it remains uncertain whether the species is rightly assigned to this
genus. The process of the 5th joint of the 2nd gnathopod is certainly
like that of H. aequicornis as figured by Sars, but the telson is
reminiscent more of Westwoodilla.

(2?) HALICREION OVALITELSON 0. sp.
(Plate XXVII. Fic. 4.)

Rostrum long, acuminate, reaching to or a trifle beyond end of Ist
joint of Ist antenna, slightly curved downwards. Eyes absent.
Antero-lateral angles of head rounded. Peraeon and pleon dorsally
rounded. Side-plates fairly large, lst well expanded below, 2nd, 3rd,
and 4th rounded below, 4th deeper than 3rd, 5th bilobed, lobes sub-
equal, but anterior lobe not setose below, 6th subquadrate, a little
deeper than long, 7th twice as long as deep, postero-inferior angle
rounded. Postero-inferior angles of pleon segments 1-3 rounded.

166 Annals of the South African Museum.

Telson suboval, longer than broad, the rounded apex with 2 small
submedian spines anda small lobe between them, 2 spines on rounded
lateral angles.

First antenna shorter than second, Ist joint equal to 2nd and 3rd
together, flagellum longer than peduncle, 32-jointed, not calceoliferous.

Second antenna, ultimate and penultimate joints subequal, flagellum
ca. 84-jointed, not calceoliferous.

Upper lip rounded, broader than long, distal margin nearly straight,
setulose.

Lower lip, outer lobes ovate, setose, inner lobes well-marked,
rounded.

Mandibles, cutting-edge straight with one tooth at one end and two
at the other, secondary cutting-edge in left 4-dentate, in right repre-
sented by a stout spiniform deeply bifid process, spine-row with 5
spines, palp long, 2nd joint nearly straight, 3rd joint equal to 2nd.

First maxilla, inner plate with 2 apical setae and some very fine
setules on inner margin, outer plate with 9 spines, 2nd joint of palp
apically subacute, 4 setae on outer margin and numerous setae on inner
distal margin.

Second maxilla, outer and inner plates subequal in width.

Maxilliped as figured by Sars for H. longicaudatus Boeck.

First gnathopod, 5th joit produced in a fairly broad lobe, not quite
reaching end of inferior margin of 6th, spinose, 6th joint ovate, palm
setose, longer than inferior margin, defined by a stout palmar spine,
finger as long as palin.

Second gnathopod similar, but 5th joint with a longer and narrower
process, 6th joint more elongate (twice as long as wide), palm longer
than inferior margin, but not so much as in Ist gnathopod, defined by
a palmar spine.

First and second peraeopods, none of the joints expanded, 5th joint
shorter than 4th or 6th which are subequal, 6th joint rather narrower
than 4th or 5th, all with long setae, 7th as long as or a little longer
than 6th.

Third peraeopod, 2nd joint somewhat pear-shaped, broader proxi-
mally, front margin straight, both front and hind margin setose, distal
joints lost.

Fourth peraeopod, 2nd joint not so pear-shaped, front margin convex,
4th joint longer than 6th, somewhat expanded on hind margin, 6th
joint longer than 5th, 7th joint equal to 4th.

Fifth peraeopod, 2nd joint strongly expanded, twice as wide proxi-
mally as distally, hind margin faintly crenulate, setose, distal joints
lost.

ec ab =
Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 167

First and second uropods, outer ramus slightly shorter than inner,
peduncle and rami feebly spinulose.

Third uropod lost.

Length: 11 mm.

Colour: In spirit, pale pinkish.

Locality: Cape Point N. 81° E., distant 32 miles. 400 fathoms.
1 mutilated nonovigerous °. s.s. ‘ Pieter Faure.” 20/8/05. (S.A.M.

No. A2772.)

Famity LILJEBORGIIDAE.

1899. Liljeborgiidae Stebbing, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. 4,
p. 20.
1910; 3 id. Gen. Cat. S.A. Crust. p. 453.

Gren. LILJEBORGIA Bate.

1862. Liljeborgia Bate, Cat. Amphip. Brit. Mus. p. 118.
1910. As Stebbing, lc. p. 454.

LILJEBORGIA PROXIMA Chevreux.

1907. Liljeborqia proxima Chevreux, Bull. Mus. d’Hist. Nat. Paris,
1907, no. 6, p. 4138.

1907. a r id. Mém. Soc. Zool. Fr. vol. 20, p. 475,
figs. 4, 5.

Stebbing (1910, Sci. Res. “ Thetis,” pt. 12, p. 588) has pointed out
that the presence of dorsal teeth, albeit very small, the great length
of the finger of the 5th peraeopod and the small size distinguish
Chevreux’s species from L. aequabilis Stebbing. Stebbing and
Chevreux have specially mentioned two identical characters which dis-
tinguish their respective species from L. brevicornis Bruz., namely : the
absence of a tooth at postero-inferior angle of Ist side-plate, and
the equality of the apical lobes of the telson. There are other
characters in common between the two species, such as the postero-
inferior angle of the 3rd pleon segment, the posterior margins of the
2nd joints of the 38rd—5th peraeopods.

The present specimen corresponds with Chevreux’s description,
although unfortunately the distal joints of the 5th peraeopods have
been lost.

In my opinion proxima should become a synonym of aequabilis,
The size, especially in females, is not so important, as may be seen in

168 Annals of the South African Museum.

Paramoera capensis (infra), Where ovigerous females vary from
5-12 mm.

Length: 6 mm.

Colour: In spirit, whitish, 5th and 6th peraeon segments crimson,
mouth-parts rose, eyes light brown. '

Locality: Fish Hoek Bay (False Bay). 5 fathoms. 1 specimen.
s.s. ‘ Pieter Faure.” 24/12/02. (S.A.M. No. A3807.)

Geogr. Distribution: Gambier Archipelago, 20 metres (Chevreux).

Famiry TIRONIDAE.

1871. Syrrhoinae Boeck, Forh. Selsk. Christian. 1870, p. 146.
1888. Syrrhoidae Stebbing, Challeng. Rep. vol. 29, p. 787.

1898. e G. O. Sars, Crust. Norw. vol. 1, p. 388.

1906. Tironidae Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, p. 273.

1908. - Chevreux, Bull. Inst. océan. Monaco, no. 129, p. 7.
1910. ee Stebbing, Gen. Cat. S.A. Crust. p. 454.

1911. A Chevreux, Bull. Inst. océan. Monaco, no. 204, p. 3.
1912. * id. Bull. Mus. d’Hist. Nat. 1912, no. 4, p. 213.

Gen. BRUZELIA Boeck.

1871. Bruzelia Boeck, 1.c. p. 149.

1876. _ id. Skand. Arkt. Amphip. vol. 2, p. 477.
1893. ” G. O. Sars, l.c. p. 394.

1893. - Della Valle, F. Fl. Neapel. vol. 20, p. 667.
1906. os Stebbing, Le. p. 274.

1910. be id. Sci. Res. “ Thetis,” pt. 12, p. 590.

BrUZELIA DIODON 0. sp.

Body stout, not very much indurated. Head with long, downwardly
curved rostrum, which is parallel-sided and truncate at the apex,
antero-lateral angles subquadrate, eyes absent. Peraeon rounded, not
carinate except on 7th segment which ends in a tooth. Side-plates
1—4 equal in depth, antero-inferior angles of 1 and 2 rounded, of 3
acute, of 4 rounded, inferior margin of 4 straight, postero-inferior
angle of 4 subacute, 5 and 6 with posterior lobes deeper than anterior,
7 small and semicircular. Pleon segments feebly carinate, keel on Ist
strongest and ending in a tooth, inferior margin of Ist rounded below,
postero-inferior angle of 2nd quadrate with a small tooth, of 3rd
acutely produced and somewhat recurved.

Telson tapering as in B. typica Boeck, apex entire.

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 169

First antenna reaching to end of peduncle of 2nd antenna, Ist joint
stout, 2nd not quite as long as Ist, 5rd not quite $ 1st but more than
£ 2nd, flagellum equal to 2nd and 8rd joints together, 8-jointed, acces-
sory flagellum 1-jointed, reaching to middle of 2nd flagellar joint,
apex setose.

Second antenna, inferior apex of 2nd joint reaching to middle of
3rd joint, 4th joimt longer than 5th, flagellum equal to 3rd and 4th
joints together, 6-jointed.

Upper lip rounded as in B. australis Stebbing.

Lower lip, outer lobes distinct from mandibular processes as in
B, australis.

Mandible, 3rd joint of palp shorter than Ist.

First maxilla, inner plate with 10 setae, outer plate with 11 spines,
apex of 2nd joint of palp with 5 spinules and a smaller one on outer
distal margin.

First and second gnathopods, palm defined by one simple spine and
one denticulate spine (as in other species).

First and second peraeopods without particular features.

Third to fifth peraeopods, 2nd joint narrow oblong as in B, typica,
hind margin serrate but not so strongly as in B. australis, postero-
inferior angle in all three peraeopods rounded.

First uropod, outer ramus $ length of inner, upper margins of both
rami very finely serrulate, that of outer ramus in addition with 3 small
spinules.

Second uropod, outer ramus a little more than } length of inner,
margins unarmed.

Third uropod, rami subequal, but imner ramus broader, margins
unarmed.

Length : 7 mm.

Colour : In spirit, whitish.

Locahty : Cape Point N.E. by E., distant 36 miles. 650 fathoms.
1 ¢. ss.‘ Pieter Faure.” 15/7/03. (S.A.M. No. A2793.)

The specific name refers to the teeth on 7th peraeon and Ist pleon
segments.

This is the fourth species of the genus. It appears that a strongly
carinate dorsum is correlated with an acuminate rostrum, and a feebly
carinate dorsum with a blunt rostrum. The two North Atlantic
species, B. tuberculata G. O. Sars and B. typica Boeck, respectively
show these characters. B. australis Stebbing from New South Wales
corresponds with the first, while the South African species corresponds
with the second form.

12

170 Annals of the South African Museum.

Famiry PARAMPHITHOIDAR.

1871. Epimerinae Boeck, Forh. Selsk. Christian. 1870, p. 183.
1888. Hpimeridae Stebbing, Challeng. Rep. vol. 29, p. 876.

1893. oe G. O. Sars, Crust. Norw. vol. 1, p. 362.

1906. us Walker, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. 18, p. 17.

1906. Paramphithoidae Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, p. 320.

1908. 3 id. Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. Zool., vol. 30,
palo

1912. Chevreux, Bull. Mus. Paris, no. 4, p. 215.

Gen. EPIMERIA Costa.

1793. Gammarellus (part) Herbst. Naturgesch. Krabb. Krebs. vol. 2,
p- 106.

1851. Hpimeria Costa in Hope, Cat. Crost. Ital. p. 46.

1888. 3 Stebbing, l.c. p. 877.

1898. he G. O. Sars, l.c. p. 3638.

1906. in Walker, l.c. p. 16.

1906. Be Stebbing, Le. pp. 321, 728.

1912. 7 Chevreux, lc. p. 215.

EPIMERIA CORNIGERA (Fabr.).

1779. Gammarus corniger Fabricius, Reise Norweg. p. 383.

1871. Epimeria cornigera Boeck, lc. p. 185.

1898. 5 G. O. Sars, Le. p. 364, pl. 128.

1893. Udrrnon cisco cornigerum (part) Della Valle, F. u. Fl. Neapel.
vol. 20, p. 676, pl. 59, fig. 85.

1906. Epimeria cornigera Stebbing, l.c. p. 323 (synonymy).

1911. i i Sexton, J. Mar. Biol. Ass. n.s. vol. 9, pt. 2,

p. 210.

The South African specimen differs from Stebbing’s description
and Sars’ figures only in having the ultimate joint of peduncle of
2nd antenna shorter than penultimate and the side-plates 1-3 obtuse
(as in Sars’ figure of EH. tuberculata, l.c. pl. 129, fig. 2).

Length; 18 mm.

Colour: In spirit, pale pinkish.

Locality: Buffalo River NW. 3} W., distant 19 miles (off East
London). 300 fathoms. . s.s. “ Pieter Faure.” 16/4/01. (S.A.M.
No. A218.)

Geogr. Distribution: Norway, 50=150 fathoms (Sars); Great

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 171

Britain (Bate); France (Chevreux) ; Mediterranean (Costa); Bay of
Biscay, 75-246 fathoms (Sexton).

EPIMERIA SEMIARMATA DN. Sp.
(Plate XXVII. Fig. 5.)

Integument indurated. Rostrum reaching to end of 2nd pedun-
cular joint of Ist antenna. Eyes large, roundish-oval. Side-plates
1-5 subacute, 4 depth not greater than greatest length, inferior margin
crescentic, 5 pentagonal, not produced, 6 rectangular, 7 semicircular,
but deeper than long. Peraeon broadly rounded, not carinate. Pleon
segments rounded, a faint carina on 3rd ending in a shortly pro-
duced acute tooth (obsolete in the largest specimen), 4th depressed
basally, posteriorly with a low rounded hump, postero-lateral angle of
Ist rounded, of 2nd acutely but shortly produced, of 3rd rather more
produced (as in H. parasitica), no subdorsal carinae or accessory teeth.

Telson oblong, longer than broad, apex rounded with a shallow
triangular incision.

First antenna, Ist joint longer than 2nd and 3rd together, flagellum
half length of body, ca. 26-jointed.

Second antenna, ultimate joint of peduncle shorter than penultimate,
flagellum % length of body, ca. 36-jointed.

Mandible, 2nd and 3rd joints of palp subequal, 2nd only sparsely
setose.

Maxilliped, apex of outer plate with 8 spine-teeth.

Upper and lower lips, first and second maxillae as in Sars’ figures
of H. conigera.

First and second gnathopods similar, 5th joint with 3 bunches of
setae on inner margin and one on apex, 6th shorter than 5th, palm
very oblique, straight, denticulate but otherwise scarcely defined, finger
longer than palm, inner margin serrate.

First and second peraeopods, 4th and 6th joints subequal, 5th a
trifle shorter, 6th with 2 pairs of spines on hind margin, 7th * length
of 6th, inner margin entire.

Third peraeopod, 2nd joint not expanded, of nearly the same width
throughout, posterior apex rounded, with 3 indents each with a seta,
4th shorter than 5th, which is shorter than 6th, 7th as in Ist and 2nd
peraeopods.

Fourth peraeopod, 2nd joint similar but rather broader, and broader
basally than apically, posterior apex as in 3rd peraeopod, 4th—6th
joints also similar, 7th 4 length of 6th.

Fifth peraeopod, 2nd joint pear-shaped, posterior apex scarcely

172 Annals of the South African Museum.

prominent, subquadrate, without indents, 4th shorter than 5th which
is little shorter than 6th, 7th } length 6th.

Uropods without particular features, rami subequal except on 2nd
uropod, where the outer is shorter than the inner.

Length: 13 mm. (ovigerous @ ).

Colour : In spirit, pale pinkish.

Locality: Cape Point N. 81° E., distant 32 miles. 460 fathoms.
3; Cape Point N.E., distant 40 miles. 560-700 fathoms. 1| ovigerous
@ and 3 immature. s.s. “ Pieter Faure.” 20/8/03 and 17/9/08.
(S.A.M. Nos. A219 and A2765.)

The specific name refers to the fact that the 5th side-plate is
unarmed, as in FE. inermis Walker, but the 4th is of the normal
crescentic shape.

EPIMERIA LONGISPINOSA 0. sp.
(Plate XXVIII. Fig. 6.)

Integument indurated. Surface of the whole body, including
telson, is seen under a high-power lens to be reticulated in a honey-
comb pattern. Rostrum reaching to end ot 2nd peduncular joint of
Ist antenna. Eyes round. Side-plates 1-35 subacute, 4 deeper than
long, lower margin emarginate but not strongly so, 5 strongly pro-
duced into a narrow spiniform process reaching to end of Ist pleon
segment, 6 oblong, with small boss on lower margin, 7 semicircular.
Peraeon not carinate. Pleon segment 1 feebly carinate but not ending
in a tooth, 2-4 carinate and ending ina prominent finely pointed tooth,
4. with a notch in middle, postero-lateral angles of 2 and 3 quadrate,
no accessory teeth or subdorsal carinae.

Telson oblong, apically subtruncate with shallow, almost semi-
circular incision.

First antenna a little more than 2 total length, lst joint longer than
2nd and 3rd together, flagellum ca. 27-jomted, accessory flagellum
small but distinct.

Second antenna longer than first, ultimate joint of peduncle a
little shorter than penultimate, flagellum ca. 32-jointed.

Mandible, 3rd joint of palp a little longer than 2nd.

Maxilliped, apex of outer plate with 10 spine-teeth.

Upper and lower lips, first and second maxillae normal,

First and second gnathopods similar, 5th joint longer than 6th,
numerous setae on inner margin (chiefly arranged in 3 groups) and at
apex, palm nearly transverse, distinct, convex, denticulate, finger about
as long as palm, inner margin serrate.

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 173

First peraeopod, 4th joint a little longer than 5th or 6th, which are
subequal, inner margin of 5th with 2 groups of 4 spines each, of 6th
with three pairs, apical spines on both 5th and 6th, 7th stout, not
much more than 3 6th, not serrate.

Second peraeopod similar but 5th a little shorter than 6th, with
3 groups of spines on inner margin.

Third peraeopod, 2nd joint not expanded, hind margin slightly
sinuous, posterior apex rounded with 3-4 indents, each with a seta,
4th longer than 5th, 6th longer than 4th, 7th stout, } length of 6th.

Fourth peraepod, 2nd joint similar to 3rd but broader basally and
narrowing evenly, posterior apex with 4—5 indents, 5th longer than 4th,
6th longer than 5th, 7th stout, scarcely 3 length of 6th.

Fifth peraeopod, 2nd joint pear-shaped, narrowing very rapidly,
posterior apex produced in a small oval lobe to half way along 38rd,
without indents, 4th and 5th subequal, 6th longer, 7th 4 6th.

Uropods without special features, outer ramus of 2nd shorter than
inner.

Length: Up to 11 mm.

Colour: In spirit, pale pinkish.

Locality :»Cape Point E. by N., distant 29 miles.
11 specimens of various sizes. s.s. “ Pieter Faure.”

No. A220.)

50-300 fathoms.
7/8/03. (S.A.M.

2
2

Famitry ATYLIDAE.

1832. Atylidae G. O. Sars, Fort. Selsk. Christian. no. 18, p. 26.
1906. me Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, p. 327.
1910. mt id. Gen. Cat. S. A. Crust. p. 455.

Gen. NOTOTROPIS Costa.
1853. Nototropis Costa, Rend. Soc. Borb. n.s. vol. 2, pp. 170, 173.
1906. es Stebbing, lc. pp. 329, 728.
1910. id. lc. p. 455.

Novrorropis GRANULOSA (Walker).
1904. Paratylus granulosus Walker in Herdman’s Ceylon Pearl Fish.
Suppl. Rep. 17, p. 265,
1906. Nototropis . Stebbing, Le. p. 728.
The single specimen I have assigned to Walker’s species, although
the granules are not at all well marked.

174 Annals of the South African Museum.

Moreover, although Walker states that his species closely resembles
N. vedlomensis (Bate and Westw.), he does not specifically mention
the branchial lamellae. The South African specimen is indistinguish-
able from vedlomensis except in respect to this latter pomt: the
branchial lamellae namely are pleated. I rather suspect that a
re-examination of Ceylon specimens of granulosa would reveal the
presence of pleated lamellae and confirm the specific identity of the
Ceylon and Natal specimens and their distinctness from the European
vedlomensis. ;

Length: 7 mm.

Colour: In spirit, pale yellowish.

Locality: Umkomaas River mouth, NW. by W. 3} W.,, distant
5 miles (Natal). 40 fathoms. 1 nonovigerous 2. ss. “ Pieter
Faure.” 31/12/00. (S.A.M. No. A223.)

Faminy HUSIRIDAE.
1888. Husiridae Stebbing, Challeng. Rep. vol. 29, p. 958.

1893. % G. O. Sars, Crust. Norw. vol. 1, p. 414.

1900. AS Chevreux, Res. Camp. Monaco, vol. 16, p. 65.

1906. os Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, pp. 338, 728.

907 zs Walker, Nat. Antarct. Exp. vol. 3, pp. 4, 30.

1908. rs Chevreux, Bull. ’Inst. océan. Monaco, no. 121, p. 1.
1910. is Sexton, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1910, pt. 4, p. 848.

Grn. EUSIROIDES Stebbing.

1888. Husiroides Stebbing, l.c. p. 969.

1893. i G. O. Sars, Le. p. 414.

18938. re Della Valle, F. u. Fl. Neapel. vol. 20, p. 671.

1906. ns Stebbing, le. p. 345.

1909. 3 Walker, Tr. Linn. Soc. Lond. 2nd ser. Zool. vol. 12,

pt. 4, p. 335.

HUSIROIDES MONOCULOIDES (Haswell).
1880. Atylus monoculoides Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.8.W. vol. 4,
p- 327, pl. 18, fig. 4.
1888. Husiroides caesaris Stebbing, l.c. p. 970, pl. 88.

1888. + pompeii id. ibid. p. 974, pl. 89.
1893. %5 monoculoides Della Valle, l.c. p. 674.
1906. 4; fy Stebbing, Le. p. 345.

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 175

1907. Eusiroides monoculoides Chevreux, Mém. Soc. Zool. Fr. vol.
20, p. 478.

1910. 3 a Stebbing, Sci. Res. ‘‘ Thetis,” pt. 12,
p- 095.

These specimens present no peculiar features, except that the pleon
segments are without a dorsal median tooth; the telsonic apex and
the palms of the Ist and 2nd gnathopods resemble in some specimens
Stebbing’s figures of EH. caesaris, in others those of HE. pompeii. The
calceoli on the antennae are less numerous, and on the large Sea Point
specimen absent altogether.

Length: 14 mm., specimen from Sea Point 24 mm.

Colour : In spirit, pale pinkish, eyes claret. A specimen picked up
on the beach at Sea Point was very nearly dead, and was when found »
salmon in colour with a large bright red subcircular medio-dorsal
patch on each of peraeon segments 4 to 7 and pleon segments | to 3,
surrounded by a lighter ring. In spirit this coloration faded to a
uniform white, the eyes dark brown.

Locality: Umhlangakulu River mouth NW. by N., distant 7 miles
(Natal). 50 fathoms. 3. 14/3/01; Sandy Point N. ¢ E., distant
10 miles (near Cape Morgan). 93 fathoms. 3. 14/8/01; Glendower
Beacon N. 1 W., distant 16 miles. 66 fathoms. 4 ¢¢, 1 ovigerous
2. 10/9/01; Port Shepstone WNW., distant 2 miles (Natal).
24 fathoms. 2. 15/3/01; and Cape St. Francis NE., distant 29
miles. 75 fathoms. 2. 19/2/02. s.s. “Pieter Faure.” Sea Point,
near Cape Town. 19/6/14. 1. Washed up on beach after storm.
(K.H.B.) (S.A.M. Nos. A228 to A232 and A2908 respectively.)

Geogr. Distribution: Port Jackson, low-water mark (Haswell) ; off
Melbourne, 33 fathoms (Stebbing: H. caesaris) ; Heard Island, 75
fathoms (Stebbing: H. pompeii); Tuamotu Archipelago, 1 metre
(Chevreux) ; New South Wales (Stebbing).

In 1909 (Subant. Is. N.Z., p. 622) this species was transferred by
Chilton to Bovallia in the family Pontogenetidae. Without disagreeing
with Chilton’s conclusions I think it best to keep the present South
African specimens under the genus Husiroides.

Qu W/L , ye Uo
CLEONARDOPSIS n.g.

Very near to Cleonardo Stebbing, but differing in the following
features: Body carinate, side-plate 6 hardly bilobed, side-plate 7 not
deeper behind than in front, pleon segments narrowed and rounded
below, upper lip broader than long, 5th joint of Ist and 2nd gnathopods

176 Annals of the South African Museum.

large, subequal in length and broader than 6th, peraeopods not very
slender, telson not very elongate, cleft for less than half its length.

The institution of a new genus for the present species seems justified
in view of the fact that the 4 new species of Cleonardo described by
Chevreux (Bull. l’Inst. oc. Mon. no. 121, p. 1) all agree in possessing
the same generic characters as the original species, C. longipes Stebbing,
The telson is somewhat similar to that of Rozinante Stebb., but in this
genus the 5th joint of the gnathopods is not lobed.

Pr EPs ] - Cay i,
AL~ 2 y v vA

CLEONARDOPSIS CARINATA 2. sp.
(Plate XXVII. Figs. 7-9.)

Body carinate, keel very low on the 5 anterior peraeon segments,
on peraeon segments 6 and 7 and pleon segments 1 and 2 increasing
in height posteriorly and ending in an acute tooth, on pleon segment
3 highest in the middle, thence descending to posterior end where there
is an acute, forwardly directed, curved tooth, pleon segment 4 smooth,
not depressed.

Head with very short depressed rostrum, antero-lateral angles
truncate, eyes not apparent. Side-plate 1 not produced forwards,
short, 2-4 increasing in length, inferior margin straight, antero- and
postero-inferior angles rounded, side-plate 4 moderately emarginate,
5 bilobed, posterior lobe rather deeper and apex subacute, 6 sub-
rectangular, antero-inferior angle bevelled off, deeper than long,
7 trapezoidal, longer than deep, not deeper behind than in front.

Pleon segments narrowed and rounded below, postero-lateral angles
of 2nd and 8rd quadrate, with slightly produced acute point in 2nd,
well produced in 3rd.

Telson short, not reaching beyond 1 length of rami of uropod 3,
somewhat pyriform, cleft + its length, apices obtuse, non-dehiscent,
unarmed.

First antenna reaching to 2nd pleon segment, 2nd joint 2 length of
Ist, 38rd joint not 2 length of 2nd, flagellum longer than peduncle,
ca. 70-jointed, accessory flagellum small, 1-jointed, + length of Ist
flagellar joint.

Second antenna in ¢ as long as first antenna, in ? extending to
middle of peduncle of first antenna, ultimate joint shorter than
penultimate, flagellum longer than peduncle in ¢, nearly equal in ?,
ca. 60-jointed in J, ca. 20-jointed in 2. Flagella of both antennae
calceoliferous.

Upper lip broader than long, distal margin rounded, entire.

Lower lip more resembling that of Cleonardo neuvillei Chevreux

aye.

NI

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 17

than that of C. longipes Stebbing, but the mandibular process
narrower and more acute.

Mandible, cutting-edge tridentate in the one (? left), 6-dentate in
the other (? right), secondary cutting-edge 3- and 4-dentate respec-
tively, spine-row with 6 spines, molar prominent, denticulate, palp
long and slender, 3rd joint equal to Ist and 2nd together.

First maxilla, inner plate rounded, with 3-4 setae, outer plate with
11 spines, palp longer and not much narrower than outer plate, 2nd
joint not distally widened, apex with 7-8 spines and 2-3 fine setules,
outer distal margin with two widely spaced setae.

Second maxilla, inner plate only a little broader than outer, apices
of both plates rounded, setose.

Maxilliped, apex of inner plate with 3 short blunt spines, outer plate
reaching to middle of 2nd joint of palp, outer margin and apex setose,
inner margin straight, unarmed, but with a row of fine setae some
little way within the margin, 4th joint equal to 5rd.

First gnathopod, 2nd joint distally expanded, club-shaped, hind
margin with a row of close-set spines, 5th joint large, triangular,
inferiorly lobed and bearing stout setae, 6th joint as long as 5th but a
little narrower, ovate, palm very oblique, undefined, with 9 spines and
5 groups of setae, 1 long and 2 short in each group, 7th joint long,
nearly reaching base of 6th.

Second gnathopod similar, but 2nd joint more prominently club-
shaped, and 5th joint more strongly lobed.

First peraeopod, 2nd joint slightly expanded distally, hind margin
with spines as in the gnathopods, 4th joint 2 length of 2nd, 5th
nearly } length of 2nd, 6th subequal to 4th, its inner apex with a
group of short spines, outer apex with 2 siniple setae and 1 long plumose
seta, 7th joint rather more than } length of 6th, rather stout, curved.

Second peraeopod similar, but 2nd joint not so much expanded, and
spines on hind margin weaker.

Third peraeopod longer than the other peraeopods, 2nd joint 3
times as long as broad, front distal margin very finely setulose, with
5 widely spaced spines, hind margin with a few fine setae, 4th joint
longer than 5th, both with very fine pubescence on front margin, 6th
joint longer than 4th, subequal to 2nd, inner margin with 8 groups
(usually pairs) of small spines, 7th joint } length of 6th, curved.

Fourth peraeopod, 2nd joint twice as long as broad, front distal
margin with 2 spines, hind margin as in third peraeopod.

Fifth peraeopod a little shorter than fourth, 2nd joint half as long
again as broad, front margin with a few setae only, hind margin
convex, with very shallow serrations, each bearing a setule.

178 Annals of the South African Museum.

First and second uropods, peduncle shorter than rami, which are
elongate and tapering, the outer shorter than inner, outer margin of
peduncle and, to a lesser degree, outer margins of both rami
spinulose.

Third uropod not extending beyond 2nd uropod, more feebly
spinulose than Ist and 2nd uropods.

Length: 9 mm.

Colour : In spirit, pale yellowish.

Locality: Cape Point NE. by E., distant 36 miles. 650 fathoms.
4 893. 38 22 (1 ovigerous). s.s. “Pieter Faure.” 15/7/03.
(S.A.M. No. A2786.)

Gen. RHACHOTROPIS 8. IL. Smith.

1871. Tritropis (part) Boeck, Forh. Selsk. Christian. 1870, p. 158.
1883. Rhachotropis 8. 1. Smith, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. vol. 6, p. 222.

1888. a Stebbing, Challeng. Rep. vol. 29, p. 954.
1893; G. O. Sars, Crust. Norw. vol. 1, p. 428.

1896. Rachotropis Bonnier, Ann. Univ. Lyon. vol. 26, p. 653.
1906. Rhachotropis Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, p. 347.

1908. zs id. Journ. Linn., Soc. Lond. Zool. vol. 30, p. 194.
1909. ‘ Strauss, Wiss. Ergebn. Deutsch. Tief-see Exp.
vol. 20, pt. 1, p. 38.

1911. * Chevreux, Bull. Inst. oc. Monaco, no. 204, p. 11.

RHACHOTROPIS KERGUELENI Stebbing.

1888. Rhachotropis kergueleni Stebbing, lc. p. 955, pl. 85.

1893. i * G. O. Sars, Le. p. 424.

1893. Acanthozone Ps Della Valle, F. u. Fl. Neapel. vol. 20,
p. 612, pl. 59, fig. 24.

1906. Rhachotropis a Stebbing, l.c. p. 349.

The Challenger specimens were probably males, judging by the
lensth of the antennae; the present specimen is an ovigerous ? , and
agrees in all respects except the shorter antenne and the slightly more
dehiscent apices of the telson.

Length: 15 mm.

Colour: In spirit pale pinkish.

Locality: Cape Pomt N. 81° E., distant 32 miles. 400 fathoms.
l ovigerous ?. s.s. ‘‘ Pieter Faure.” 20/8/03. (S.A.M. No. A2771.)

Geogr. Distribution : Kerguelen Island (Stebbing).

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. LIZA

£©

RHACHOTROPIS PALPORUM Stebbing.

1908. Rhachotropis palporum Stebbing, Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. Zool.
vol. 30. p. 194, pl. 28.

The male differs from Stebbing’s specimen as follows: The grooves
between the head and Ist peraeon segment and between the Ist and
2nd peraeon segments are deeper, side-plates 5 and 6 rather more
deeply bilobed, 7 not so acute posteriorly, the teeth on pleon segments
less strong, and on pleon segments 2 and 3 the dorsal tooth is larger
than the others, 3rd joint of the palp of maxillipeds more oval.

Length: 12 mm.

Colour: In spirit pale yellowish.

Locality: Cape Point NE. by E. } E., distant 38 miles. 755
fathoms. 1. 23/6/03; Cape Point E. by N., distant 29 miles.
250-300 fathoms. 19. 27/8/03. s.s. ‘“ Pieter Faure.” (S.A.M.
Nos. A224 and A2773).

Geogr. Distribution: 59° 36' N. 7° W. 400 metres (Stebbing).

RHACHOTROPIS GRIMALDII Chevreux.

1887. Tritopsis grimaldii Chevreux, Bull. Soc. Zool. Fr. vol. 12,
Doel G2):
1888. Rhachotropis _,, Stebbing, Challeng. Rep. vol. 29, p. 1641.
1896. Rachotropis elegans Bonnier, Aun. Univ. Lyon. vol. 26, p. 658,
pl. 39, fig. 4 (4).
1900. - grimaldii Chevereux, Rés. Camp. Monaco, vol. 16,
POS) pla gy tiea Cos):
1906. Rhachotropis _,, + elegans Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21,
pp. 351, 729.

Rostrum not extending to half Ist joint of Ist antenna, antero-
lateral angles of head obtusely projecting. Eyes not visible. Peraeon
not carinate, but posterior portion of each segment slightly swollen,
the 7th segment in g with a small median tooth. Side-plate 1 pro-
duced forwards as far as antero-lateral angle of head, apex rounded,
side-plates 2-4 quadrangular, anterior margin of 4 rounded, posterior
margin slightly emarginate, 5 and 6 bilobed, hind lobe the deeper,
7 half as long again as deep, deepest anteriorly, thence narrowing,
postero-lateral angle quadrate, the teeth and serrations on the posterior
angles of all the side-plates very obscure. Pleon segments 1-3 tri-
carinate, the subdorsal carinae obscure, all the carinae ending in acute
but scarcely upturned teeth, the median one on 2nd segment being

180 Annals of the South African Museum.

the strongest, 4th segment with median carina, which is rounded in
profile, highest in the middle and stronger in ¢ than in 9, posterior
margins of 2nd and 8rd segments rounded and serrated, more so in
the 3rd than the 2nd, postero-lateral margins of 4th and 5th segments
each with a tooth.

Telson reaching to end of uropods, gradually tapering, apices acute,
contiguous, cleft not quite as far as centre.

First antenna to end of peraeon in ¢, to about 4th peraeon seg-
ment in 2, Ist and 2nd joints subequal, lower apex of Ist ending in
2 in 2 teeth, both joints in ¢ with 9 bunches of setae on lower
margin, 3rd joint half length of 2nd, flagellum scarcely as long as
pendunele, ca. 24-jointed in ¢,8-jointed in 2, accessory flagellum
extremely minute and indistinct.

Second antenna longer than first antennae, reaching in ¢ to end of
5rd pleon segment, in 2? nearly to end of peraeon, ultimate joint
of peduncle in ga little longer than penultimate, in 2 scarcely as
long, upper margin of penultimate joint in ¢ with ca. 18 bunches
of setae, flagellum longer than peduncle, ca. 40-jointed in 3, 16-
jointed in 9.

Upper and lower lips normal, but outer lobes of lower lip more
truncate apically.

Mandible, cutting-edge straight, entire, with 1 tooth at one end
and 2 at the other, secondary cutting-edge in left 7-dendate, in right
very feeble, serrulate, spine-row with 6—7 spines, 3rd joint of palp only
a trifle shorter than 2nd.

The other mouth-parts without particular features.

First and second gnathopods, palm defined by 2 blunt tubercles,
each surmounted by a spine bearing a cilium near its apex.

Third to fifth peraeopods, hind margin of 2nd joint entire, that of
5th peraeopod serrate, posterior apical angle rounded, in the 4th
peraeopod 6th joint longer than 4th, 5th and 7th subequal, shorter
than 4th.

Uropods, peduncle of Ist and 2nd spinose on inner margin, inner
apex of peduncle of 8rd produced into an acute tooth furnished with
a spine, outer ramus of each uropod slightly shorter than inner, inner
margin of inner ramus of Ist and 2nd uropods and both margins of
both rami of 3rd uropod spinulose.

Length: 13 mm.

Colour: In spirit, pale yellowish or pinkish.

Locality: Cape Point E. by N., distant 29 miles. 250-300 fathoms.
256,72 2 ; Cape Point N. 81° E., distant 32 miles. 460 fathoms.
10 9 9; Cape Natal N. by E., distant 24 miles. 440 fathoms.

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 181

1 ovigerous 2. s.s. “ Pieter Faure.” 27/8/03, 20/8/03 and 4/4/01.
(S.A.M. Nos. A221, A222 and A240 respectively).

Geogr. Distribution: Cape Finisterre, 363-510 metres (Chevreux :
grimaldii) ; Bay of Biscay, 950 metres (Bonnier: elegans).

There can be little doubt that these specimens are assignable to
Chevreux’s species, and that elegans is the ¢ of grimaldii. The
presence of a small tooth on the 7th peraeon segment in the ¢ and
the fact that the teeth on the pleon are not upturned are not enough
to separate the Cape specimens from the North Atlantic ones.

RHACHOTROPIS PAENEGLABER N.. Sp.

(Plate XXVII. Fig. 10.)

Rostrum reaching half way along Ist joint of Ist antenna. Eyes
absent. Antero-lateral angles of head obtuse.

Peraeon not keeled. Side-plates as in the previous species, but
7th not so long proportionately to its depth and not narrowed so
much posteriorly. Pleon segment 1 with very obscure median keel
on posterior margin, segment 2 with 3 keels ending in small acute
teeth, segment 3 with 3 keels not ending in teeth, segment 4 tri-
carinate, the median keel ending in a tooth, the subdorsal keels not
reaching the posterior margin. Postero-lateral angles of segment 3
rounded and serrate, the margin above also serrate.

Telson narrow, of nearly even width throughout, apices acute, not
quite contiguous, cleft for 4 its leneth.

First and second antennae subequal, extending in ¢ to end of 8rd
pleon segment, in ? to end of peraeon, peduncle with calceoli and
groups of setae, flagella of both antennae ca. 17-jointed in @, ea.
10-jointed in 9 , accessory flagellum of Ist antenna minute but distinct.

Mouth parts normal; mandible with the cutting-edge as in
R. grimaldi, and 3rd joint of palp a little longer than 2nd.

First and second gnathopods, palm defined by a well-marked obtuse
projection bearing 6-8 spines, lobe of 5th narrow.

Third to 5th peraeopods, 2nd joint with entire hind-margin, in
peraeopod 5 very faintly serrate and setulose, postero-inferior angle
quadrate (as figured by Chevreux for R. proxima), distal joints of the
peraeopods lost.

Length: 10 mm.

Colour: In spirit, pale pinkish.

Locality: Cape Point E. by N., distant 29 miles. 250-300 fathoms.
366,16 2 2 ; Cape Point N.81°E., distant 32 miles. 400 fathoms.

—
o'9)
ih)

Annals of the South African Museum.

1 ¢. ss. “Pieter Faure.” 27/8/03 and 20/8/03. (S.A.M. Nos.
A2769 and A2770.)

Specific name in allusion to the comparative absence of teeth on
the pleon.

RHACHOTROPIS ANOMALA 0. Sp.

Rostrum subacute, extending as far as the subacute antero-lateral
angles of head. Eyes absent.

Peraeon smooth. Side-plate 1 not strongly produced forward,
antero-inferior angle acute, side-plate 5 produced backward but not
narrowed, ending quadrately. Pleon with only a single dorsal carina,
ending in a small tooth on 2nd and 4th segments only. Postero-
lateral angle of 3rd rounded, quite smooth.

Telson reaching to end of 3rd uropod, tapering but shghtly until
near apex, cleft extremely short, apices acute, non-dehiscent.

Both first and second antennae lost.

Mouth-parts normal; mandible with the cutting-edge as in
R. grimaldii, secondary cutting-edge 6-dentate in left, feeble and
tridentate in right, 3rd joint of palp longer than Ist and 2nd
combined.

First gnathopod, palm running into hind margin without break,
but defined by two spines (1 large and 1 small) on the margin and a
transverse row of 7 spines increasing in length towards the margin,
palm setose.

Second gnathopod lost.

All the joints of the peraeopods lost except the 2nd joints; in the
5th peraeopod this is narrow-oblong, not at all expanded, postero-
inferior angle acute but not produced, hind margin entire and
olabrous.

Uropods, outer ramus of 2nd uropod shorter than inner, rami of
1st and 8rd uropods subequal, peduncles and rami smooth, except inner
margin of inner ramus of 5rd, which has a few short spinules, inner
apex of peduncle of 3rd acutely but shortly produced.

Length: 10 mm.

Colour: In spirit, pale yellowish.

Locality: Cape Point NE. by E., distant 56 miles. 650 fathoms.
1 nonovigerous ?. s.s. “Pieter Faure.” 15/7/03. (S.A.M. No.
A2795.)

Although the single specimen is somewhat mutilated, it shows
quite well characters distinct enough on which to found a new species.

The species seems to approximate to R. gracilis Bonnier in the
dorsal carination, the telson and the postero-lateral margin of the

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 185

3rd pleon segment (I have not seen Bonnier’s figures). It is, how-
ever, more feebly carinate and the apices of the telson are not
dehiscent. The 2nd joint of the 5th peraeopod is very similar to that
of R. provvma Chevreux. The perfectly entire postero-lateral margin
of the 3rd pleon segment is quite exceptional in the genus, although
R. gracilis has “only 8 scarcely visible denticles”’ ; to this feature
the specific name refers.

Famitry PONTOGENEIIDA HE.

1906. Pontogenetidae Stebbing, Das Terreich, 21, pp. 356, 729.
1907. “s Chevreux, Exp. Antarct. Franc. p. 74.
1910. Stebbing, Gen. Cat. 8. Afr. Crust. p. 455.

Gen. PARAMOERA Miers.

1875. Paramoera (part) Miers, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 4, vol. 16,
p. 79.

1888. Atyloides (part) Stebbing, Challeng. Rep. vol. 29, p. 913.

1906. Paramoera id. 1.c. p. 363.

PARAMOERA CAPENSIS (Dana).

1853 and 55. Iphimedia capensis Dana, U.S. Expl. Exp. vol. 13, 2,
p. 931, pl. 63, figs. 5a-g.
1862. Atylus capensis Bate, Cat. Amphip. Brit. Mus. p. 137, pl. 26,
fio. 4.
1888. Atyloides assimilis Stebbing, l.c. p. 918, pl. 77.
1888. Atylopsis magellaniea id. ibid. p. 925, pl. 79.
1906. Pontogeneia 4 Stebbing, l.c. p. 360.
1906. A capensis id. ibid. p. 361 (‘ possibly identical with
P. magellanica”’).
1909. Atyloides magellanica Chilton, Subantarct. Is. N. Zeal. vol. 2,
p- 627 (references).
IDA. 2 a id. Tr. Roy. Soc. Edinb. vol. 48, pt. 2,
p: 496, pl. 1, fig. 18.
1914. 5 magellanicus Stebbing, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond, 1914,
p. 365.
The reasons for the above synonymy are as follows:
In 1912 Chilton (Lc. p. 498) described a local variety of Paramoera
austrina (Bate) from Saldanha Bay, South Africa, whose chief pecu-
liarity is the absence of setae and the greater number of apical

184 Annals of the South African Museum.

teeth on the telson: there are 3-4 teeth on each lobe instead of 2 as in
the other forms.

Now specimens from Table Bay, which I have examined, agree with
the descriptions of Paramoera austrina but show according to age
from 2-8 apical teeth on the lobes of the telson ; in one Jarge ¢ there
are even 11 teeth on each lobe. Chilton does not give the length of
Kis specimens, but I cannot doubt that they are exactly similar to my
Table Bay specimens.

Moreover, if the multidentate telson be compared with Bate’s figure
of Atylus capensis (presumably copied from Dana) the conclusion is
unavoidable that we are dealing with the same form. In other respects
the specimens conform to Bate’s (Dana’s) somewhat meagre descrip-
tion. Differences in the relative lengths of upper and lower antennae
are unimportant.

Stebbing’s A. assimilis is a typical young specimen of P. capensis ;
the length of the rami of 3rd uropod increase with age and become
more serrate. Similarly I think A. magellanica is a young form of
this species.

The question remains: Is P. austrina (Bate) and its synonyms as
given by Stebbing and Chilton (with the exception of A. assimilis) to
be included under P. capensis (Dana)? Dana’s name of course has
the priority. The series of Cape specimens shows that the number of
telsonic teeth increases with age from 2 to 8 (or even more) ; females
begin to bear ova when only 6 mm. long and when the telson has only
3 or 4 teeth. On the other hand, P. austrina (Bate), P. australis
Miers and Stebbingia gregaria Pfetter have all been described from
specimens about 17 mm. in length and still having only bidentate
telsonic lobes.

This seems to me to warrant the separation, if not perhaps as a
species, then as a well-marked variety, of Bate’s austrina from the
typical capensis of Dana. With austrina go the other synonyms as
suggested by Stebbing and Chilton, with the exception of Haswell’s
megalophthalma. This I would separate as another variety charac-
terised by a strong rostrum (}—* length of 1st joint of Ist antenna),
and rounded, entire telsonic apices.

Walker’s P. magellanica (Nat. Antarct. Exp. vol. 3, p. 33, pl. 12, fig.
20, 1907) does not appear to be specifically the same, in my opinion.

For the sake of comparison I give a detailed description of the Cape
specimens.

Body smooth, pleon segments 1-8 not scabrous. Rostrum repre-
sented only by a small point. Eyes large, oval-oblong, nearly meeting
on the top of the head, larger in 2 than ¢. Side-plates 1-4 rounded

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 185

below, 4 rather strongly emarginate, 5 and 6 with hind-lobe deeper
than anterior. Postero-inferior angle of pleon segment 1 rounded, of
2 quadrate with a small point, posterior margin above straight, of 3
rounded-quadrate with small acute point, above which the posterior
margin bulges rather strongly.

Telson cleft for 2—3 of its length, outer margins slightly sinuous,
inner margins straight and contiguous, apices of lobes sloping away
externally from inner apical angle, cut into 5-8 teeth in the adult,
fewer in young specimens (one large ¢ has 11 teeth), the intervening
notches either with or without very fine short setules.

First antenna extending in ¢ to end of peraeon, in ¢ to end of 5th
or 6th peraeon segment, Ist joint longest and stoutest, 3rd 2 2nd,
flagellum ca. 50-jointed in ¢@, in 2 ca, 40-joited, every alternate
joint broader distally and bearmg in ¢ 3, in 2 2 linear sensory
filaments or calceoli (only 1 near the end of the flagellum), accessory
flagellum distinct, 1-jointed.

Second antenna either equal to or a trifle longer than Ist antenna,
ultimate peduncular joint a little longer than penultimate, flagellum
ca. 65-jointed in ¢, in 2 ca. 45-jointed, shortly setose but not
calceoliferous.

Lower lip, inner lobes obsolete.

Mandibles, cutting-edge 7-dentate, the 2 anterior teeth longer than
the rest, secondary cutting-edge 5-dentate in left, feeble and tridentate
in right, spine-row with 9 spines, palp long, 3rd joint scarcely as long
as 2nd.

First maxilla, inner plate with ca. 20 setae, outer plate with 10
spines, palp with 9 teeth and several seta on apex of 2nd joint.

Second maxilla and maxilliped as figured by Stebbing for Atyloides
australis (Miers). (Challeng. Rep. vol 29, pl. 75.)

First gnathopod, 5th a little shorter than 6th, 6th wider than 5th,
ovate, palm oblique, as long as hind margin, defined by a transverse
row of 3 setae, finger serrate on inner margin.

Second gnathopod, 5th distinctly shorter than 6th, 6th oblong, wider
than, 5th, and a little wider distally than proximally, palm more
transverse than in Ist gnathopod, shorter than hind margin, defined
by a row of 3 setae, hind margin with bunches of setae, finger serrate
on inner margin.

First and second peraeopods, 4th and 5th joints subequal, 6th
longer than either, its hind margin with 7 pairs of spines, outer
margin with 4 pairs of spinules, finger broad basally, rather strongly
curved, with a seta at inner apex.

Third to fifth peraeopods, 5th peraeopod longer, 2nd joint in all

15

186 Annals of the South African Museum.

oval, postero-inferior angle rounded, anterior margin with groups of
spinules, posterior margin finely serrulate, 4th longer than 5th, 6th
longer than 4th, anterior margin of 6th with 7 groups of 3 unequal
spines, hind margin with 6 pairs of spines.

First and second uropods, outer ramus very slightly shorter in Ist,
distinctly shorter in 2nd, peduncle and rami with marginal spines,
apices of rami with 5 stout unequal spines.

Third uropod, the distal half of the rami projecting beyond the end
of 1st and 2nd uropods, rami subequal, nearly twice length of peduncle,
lanceolate, apically acute, margins closely serrate, spinulose and setose,
outer margin of the outer ramus with less numerous (only ca. 9) and
more widely spaced serrations, with stout spines in the notches; in the
young the rami are scarcely 1} times length of peduncle, and the
margins are smooth with only a few marginal spinules (as in Stebbing’s
figure of Atyloides assimilis, Challeng. Rep. vol. 29, pl. 77).

Length: & upto 15 mm., ovigerous 2 9 from 5-12 mm.

Colour: Whitish with crimson markings, these either few in number,
pale and irregularly scattered, or forming bands on the anterior
peraeon segments, or a median dorsal stripe, sometimes so numerous
as to cover the whole body with a complete network; sometimes
uniform pale crimson-red ; eyes dark maroon.

Locality: Table Bay (Sea Point, near Cape Town). Dr. W. F.
Purcell, Dr. J. D. F. Gilchrist, K.H.B.) ; Dassen Island, West Coast
(R. M. Lightfoot) ; Hout Bay, Cape Peninsula (K.H.B.); False Bay
(Buffels Bay and St. James, K.H.B.); East London (R. M. Light-
foot) ; Port Elizabeth (W. F. FitzSimons and Mrs. Paterson). dd,
ovigerous ? @ and young. (S.A.M. Nos. 1282, A2798, A2910, A2923,
A2866, A2531, A2915, A2914, and A3034.)

Geogr. Distribution: Cape of Good Hope (Dana) ; off Cape of Good
Hope (Stebbing: A. assimilis); Straits of Magellan, 55 fathoms
(Stebbing: A. magellanica); Auckland Islands and South Orkneys
(Chilton: A. magellanica); South Africa, 25 fathoms (Chilton: P.
austrina var.); Falkland Islands (Stebbing: A. magellanicus). If
P. austrina and megalophthalma be included under capensis, the
distribution will extend to Australia, New Zealand and the Sub-
antarctic Islands, Kerguelen, South Georgia, ete.

Famity GAMMARIDAKE.
1813/14. Gammaridae (part) Leach, Edinb. Encyel. vol. 7, p. 432

=

1906. ms Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, pp. 364, 729
(references).

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 187

1907. Gammaridae id. J. Linn. Soc. Lond. Zool. vol. 30, p. 160.

1908. 5 id. Ann. S:A. Mus. vol. 6, pt. 1, p. 81.

1908. - Chevreux, Trav. Soc. Imp. St. Petersb. vol. 37, pt.
74. V0 Bile

1909. ag id. Arch. Zool. vol. 2, p. 28.

1910. _ Stebbing, Gen. Cat. S.A. Crust. p. 456.

Se * Chevreux, Mém. Soc. Zool. Fr. vol. 23, p. 211.

1912. . Marcus, Zool. Anz. vol. 39, p. 296.

Gren. ERIOPISA Stebbing.

1890. Eriopisa Stebbing, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 6, vol. 5, p. 193.
1890. Eriopsis Wrzesniowski, Z. wiss. Zool. vol. 50, p. 632.

1894. Hriopisa G. O. Sars, Crust. Norw. vol. 1, p. 514.

1901. Bs Chevreux, Mém. Soc. Zool. Fr. vol. 14, p. 403.

1906. Pe Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, pp. 411, 732.

The following species is very near to FE. seychellensis Chevreux
1901, but differs in having the 3rd joint of the mandibular palp
shorter than the 2nd, the apex of 5th joint of 2nd gnathopod rather
more angular and the more expanded 2nd joint of 5th peraeopod.
Both species are distinguished from the northern species EF. elongata
(Bruz.) by the short and slender 2nd joint of the outer ramus of the
3rd uropod.

ERIOPISA CAPENSIS N. sp.
(Plate XXVII. Figs. 16-19.)

Head equal to first two peraeon segments together, rostrum small,
antero-lateral angles rounded, eves absent. Side-plate 1 as deep as
the following ones, but much narrower, antero-inferior angle produced
forwards as a narrow acute process reaching half way along inferior
margin of head, 2 and 3 rotundo-quadrate, 4 rotund, deeper than long,
not quite as deep as 2 and 3, 5 and 6 feebly bilobed, the anterior lobe
deeper than the posterior, 7 longer than deep, deepest in front,
posterior angle rounded.

Pleon segments 1-3 with postero-inferior angles rounded and not
serrate.

Telson cleft almost to base, lobes widely dehiscent, apices subacute,
with 3-4 unequal spines, usually a spinule on outer margin just
beyond the middle.

First antenna about half the length of body, 1st joint rather stout,
2nd subequal in length but more slender, 3rd scarcely half as long,

188 Annals of the South African Museum.

flagellum longer than peduncle, 17-18-joimted, accessory flagellum
scarcely equal to 1st flagellar joint, 2-jointed, the 2nd joint minute.

Second antenna a little more than half 1st, peduncle longer than that
of 1st, ultimate and penultimate joints subequal, flagellum equal to
ultimate peduncular joint, 5-jointed, Ist joint much the longest.

Upper lip with rounded, entire distal margin.

Lower lip, inner lobes well developed, outer lobes apically truncate,
mandibular processes well developed, subacute.

Mandibles stout, cutting-edges tridentate, secondary cutting-edge in
left strong and 4-dentate, in right feeble and bidentate, spine-row with
2-3 spines, molar prominent, palp very slender, 3rd joint shorter than
2nd, tipped with 2 long and 1 short setae, no marginal setae on any
of the joints.

First maxilla, inner plate with 3 apical setae (2 long, 1 short), inner
margin nonsetose, outer plate with 9-10 spines, palp with 2nd joint
longer than Ist apex, with 2 teeth and ca. 8 setae.

Second maxilla, plates equal in length, but imner narrower, and
without setae on its Inner margin. .

Maxilliped, inner plate apically truncate, with ca. 5 obscure denticles
and some simple setae, a more prominent denticle and a stout spinule
on inner apical angle, inner margin nonsetose, outer plate oval, reach-
ing to just beyond middle of 2nd joint of palp, inner margin with
spine-setae, palp slender, 2nd joint twice length of 38rd, which is
longer than Ist, 4th together with its terminal unguis equal to Ist.

First gnathopod, 5th joint oblong, not distally widened, inferior
margin setose, 6th longer and wider than 5th, oval, palm very
oblique, nearly 3 times as long as inferior margin, scarcely any
defining angle, setose, a spine at 3 distance from hinge and a row of
setae at junction with hind margin, finger equal to palm.

Second gnathopod similar to Ist, but 5th joint strongly produced
downwards as a triangular process, wider than 6th, and setose on
inferio-distal margin, 6th joint as in Ist gnathopod, but inferior
margin relatively to palm a little longer.

First and second peraeopods not very slender, 2nd joint longest, 4th
longer than 5th or 6th, which are subequal, 7th passing gradually into
slender unguis, both together not quite equal to 6th.

Third peraeopod, 2nd joint not expanded, hind margin with
scattered setules only, not apically produced, 4th and 6th subequal, 5th
longer, hind apex of 6th with several strong and long setae, 7th half
length of 6th, with a fine setule on inner apex, unguis slender, straight.

Fourth peraeopod longer than 3rd or 5th, 4th and 5th joints sub-
equal, 6 shorter, otherwise similar to 3rd peraeopod.

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 189

Fifth peraeopod subequal to 3rd, 2nd joint oval, not apically
produced, hind margin serrate and setose, 4th and 5th joints subequal,
6th a trifle longer.

First and second uropods, rami of Ist uropod subequal, of 2nd
outer a trifle shorter than inner, apices obtuse, spinose, inner apical
angle of peduncle of Ist with one strong spine, of 2nd with several
spines.

Third uropod elongate, peduncle extending as far back as apices of
ist and 2nd uropods, outer ramus at least thrice as long as peduncle,
2-jointed, 2nd joint small, not + length of Ist, no sexual difference
in length of 2nd joint, margins with 2-5 groups of long spines,
apices of both joints spinose, inner ramus 1 length of Ist joint of
outer, apex obtuse, spimose.

Length: 9 mm.

Colour: In spirit, brownish.

Locality: Lion’s Head SE. 3 E., distant 42 miles (off Cape
Peninsula). 156 fathoms. 3¢ 4, 3 ovigerous ? 2. ss. “ Pieter
Favre.” 13/3/00. (8.A.M. No. A194.)

Gen. MELITA Leach.

1313/14. Melita Leach, Edinb. Enevel. vol. 7, p. 403,

1875. Paramoera (part) Miers, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 4, vol. 16,
p. 79.

1906. Melita Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, pp. 421, 732.

1908. ,, Chevreux, Bull. de l’Inst. océan. Monaco, no. 122, p. 6.

1909: , Chilton, Subantarct. Is. N. Zeal. vol. 2, p. 650.

1910. ,, Stebbing, Sci. Res. “Thetis,” pt. 12, p. 596.

1910. » Kunkel, Tr. Conn. Ac. vol. 16, p. 31.

1911. , . Chevreux, Mém. Soc. Zool. Fr. vol. 23, p. 213.

MELITA FRESNELI (Audouin).
(Plate XXVIII. Fig. 32.)

326. Gammarus fresnelii Audouin in Descr. Egypte, vol. 1, 4, p. 93,
Crust. pl. 11, fig. 3.
1845. i anisochir Kriyer, Naturh. Tidsskr. ser. 2, vol. 1,
p. 317, pl. 2; figs. la—p.
1852. Melita pilosus Dana, Proc. Amer. Ac. vol. 2, p. 212.
1855. ,, validus id. U.S. Expl. Exp. vol. 13, 2, p. 966, pl 66,
fig. 6.

1€55. ,, setipes id. ibid. p. 967, pl. 66, fig. 7.

190 Annals of the South African Museum.

1864. Melita ewilii Fr. Miller, Fiir Darwin, p. 6, fig.
1879. .. australis Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. vol. 4, p. 264,
plo} tigs.16, 7.
1890. ,, cotesi Giles, J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, vol. 59, p. 64, pl. 2,
fio: ih.
1904. ,,. anisochir Walker in Herdman’s Ceylon Pearl Fish. Suppl.
Rep. 17, p. 270, pl. 4, fig. 28.

1906. ,,. Fresnelii Stebbing, Le. p. 423 (synonymy and references).

1909. Ms F: Walker, Tr. Linn. Soc. Lond. Zool. vol. 12, pt. 4,
p. 334.

1OTOR es; rn Stebbing, Le. p. 596.

1910. f s Kunkel, l.c. p. 31, fig. 11.

HOST = . Pearse, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. vol. 43 [1913],
p. 3¢1.

In these specimens the dorsal teeth on the pleon vary slightly from
Stebbing’s description in Das Tierreich. The median tooth on all the
segments is very minute or even absent, on segments | and 2 there are
3 subdorsal teeth on either side, on segment 3 two teeth, of which the
lower one is the larger and apically bifid, on either side, on segment 4
only 2 large teeth, on segment 5 two small ones.

The eye tends to become oval in the adult.

Twelve of the ¢ ¢ are “left handed” and eight “right handed.”

Length: 8 mm.

Colour: Pale straw coloured, speckled with brown, a small dark
brown median dorsal spot on peraeon segments 2—7 and pleon segment
1, side-plates and pleura also speckled and spotted with dark brown,
antennae, peraeopods and uropods spotted and banded with orange,
large hand of ¢ blotched with orange and brown, proximal part of
finger orange, apex of finger and thumb white, eyes brown.

Locality: Morewood Cove NW. by N. 3 N., distant 3 miles (Natal).
27 fathoms. 20 ¢¢ 15 2 2, some ovigerous, and 7 juv.; Umbhloti
River mouth NNW., distant 1 mile (Natal). 27 fathoms. 1 2.
s.s. ‘Pieter Faure.” 19/12/00 and 21/12/00. Durban, July 1915.
(H. W. Bell-Marley), 4 ¢¢,5 92,2 juv. (S.A.M. Nos. A 198,
A3817, and A3845.)

Geogr. Distribution: Egypt (Audouin) ; Singapore, 10 feet (Dana) ;
Rio Janeiro, shore (Dana) ; Port Jackson (Haswell) ; Andaman Isles
(Giles); Ceylon (Walker); Seychelles, 22-36 fathoms (Walker) ;
Wasin, B.H.A., 10 fathoms (Walker) ; Suakim, 5 fathoms (Walker) ;
New South Wales, 52 fathoms (Stebbing); Bermuda, 0-12 feet
(Kunkel) ; Gulf of Mexico, 2-30 fathoms (Pearse).

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. om

MELITA INAEQUISTYLIS (Dana).

1852. Amphitoe (Melita) inaequistylis and tenuicornis Dana, Proc.
Amer. Ac. vol. 2, pp. 214 and 215.
1853 and 1855. Melita tenuicornis id. U.S. Expl. Exp. vol. 13, 2, p. 963
pl. 66, figs. 5a-m.

,

1862. Moera 3 Bate, Cat. Amphip. Brit. Mus. p.195,
pl. 35, fig. 6.
1876. Paramoera 93 Miers, Cat. Crust. N. Zeal. p. 127,

jolly atone) (CS).
1893. Melita palmata (part) Della Valle, F. u. Fl. Neapel. vol. 20,
p. 714.
1904. Maera tenmcornis Walker in Herdman’s Ceylon Pearl Fish.
Suppl. Rep. 17, p. 273, pl. 5, fig. 33.
1904. Melita zeylanica Stebbing, Spolia Zeylanica, vol. 2, pt. 5, p. 22,
pl. 5.
1906. ,, ~~ inaequistylis id. Das Tierreich, 21, pp. 429, 732.
1906. ,, tenuwicornis Chilton, Tr. N.Z. Inst. vol. 38, Dopo
1909. ,, —- imaequistylis id. Subant. Is. N. Zeal. p. 630.
Lhe . id. Tr. N.Z. Inst. vol. 43, p. 564.
Ar r Stebbing, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1914, p. 366.

Side-plate 5 in 2 not hooked.

Pleon segment 4 in g¢ with 1 medio-dorsal acute tooth on hind
margin, segment 5 with 2 subdorsal teeth on either side (no medio-
dorsal tooth); 2 sometimes without a tooth on segment 4 and with
only 1 subdorsal tooth on either side on segment 5. Postero-inferior
angle and posterior and inferior margins of 3rd pleon segment as
figured by Walker.

Telson, inner margin slightly concave, apices acute, outer margin
with 2 subapical spines, inner margin with 3 (2 large, 1 small) sub-
apical spines, 1 smaller one a little beyond middle of inner margin.

First antenna, 2nd joint longer than Ist, 3rd } 2nd, flagellum a
little longer than peduncle, ca. 40-jointed, accessory flagellum 5-
jointed.

Second antenna, gland-cone acute, reaching half way along 3rd,
ultimate and penultimate joints subequal, flagellum scarcely equal to
last 2 peduncular joints together, ca. 14-jointed.

Mandibular palp, Ist joint at least } 2nd, 2nd and 38rd subequal.

Maxilliped, 3rd joint of palp expanded, obovate.

First gnathopod in g as in Della Valle’s figure of that of M.
palmata (Montagu); in 2 6th joint without the process on front

LQ2 = Annals of the South African Museum.

apex, the defining angle of palm rounded and somewhat produced,
palm transverse, finger and unguis tapering evenly.

Second gnathopod in g also as in Della Valle’s figure of that of M.
palmata but far more setose along palm and hind margin and on inner
surface, finger stout, apex subacute and resting in a small pit; in 2
not so large as in g, palm a little oblique, with a small defining
tooth, finely crenulate, finger not closing on to inner surface, apically
acute.

First and second peraeopods slender, 2nd joint longest, 4th a trifle
longer than either 5th or 6th, which latter are subequal, inner margin
of 5th with 5 spinules, of 6th with 6 pairs of spinules, finger and unguis
short and stout.

Third to fifth peraeopods much stouter than Ist and 2nd peraeopods,
2nd joint expanded, oval, hind margin straight with very faint serra-
tions, postero-inferior angles rounded, reaching to middle of 3rd joint,
Ath joint longer than 5th, 6th longer than 4th, moderately spinose, 3rd
peraeopod shorter than 4th or 5th.

First and second uropods, peduncle with spine at apex, rami sub-
equal.

Third uropod long, outer ramus spinose, with a distinct though very
small second joint, inner ramus ovate, apically acute, inner margin
with 8 spines.

Length: g 18 mm. (to end of 3rd uropod), 2 10 mm.

Colour: Greyish, each segment with one or two transverse bands of
purplish grey, peduncles of antennae purplish, peraeopods ringed with
the same colour.

Locality : St. James (False Bay) and Table Bay. 1897. (Dr. W.F.
Purcell) ; Sea Point, near Cape Town. 19/3/14. (K.H.B.) ; Port Eliza-
beth. Nov.1914. (F.W.FitzSimons); East London. July,1914. (R.M.
Lightfoot). ¢ g and ovigerous 22. (S.A.M. Nos. 1273, 1291,
A2892, A2900, A2905, A3056, and A2907).

Geogr. Distribution : New Zealand (Dana, Thomson, Miers, Chilton) ;
Ceylon (Walker) ; Ceylon (Stebbing, M. zeylanica) ; Auckland,
Chatham, and Kermadee Islands (Chilton); Falkland Islands
(Stebbing).

For the present inaequistylis may be kept separate from palmata on
account of the shape of the 2nd gnathopods in ¢, but there is no
doubt that eventually it must be merged into the latter. The teeth on
the pleon of the South African specimens agree exactly with Stebbing’s
description of palmata.

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 195

Gen. MAHERA Leach.

1813-14. Maera Leach, Edinb. Encyel. vol. 7, p. 403.

1900.
1904.

1906.

1907.
1908.
1908.
1908.
1910.
1910.
1910.
1912.

1847.

1851.
1857.

1866,

1888.
1893.

1904.
1906.
1909.

1910.
1910.
1910.

Chevreux, Rés. Camp. Monaco, vol. 16, p. 84.

Walker in Herdman’s Ceylon Pearl Fish Suppl.
Rep. 17, p. 271.

Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, pp. 433, 732, 741 (vefer-
ences ).

von der Briiggen, Ann, St. Petersb. Mus. vol. 11, p. 17.

Calman, Ann. N.Y. Ac. vol. 11, p. 269.

Pearse, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. vol. 34, p. 29.

Holmes, ibid. vol. 35, p. 539.

Kunkel, Tr. Conn. Ac. vol. 16, p. 44.

Stebbing, Sci. Res. “‘ Thetis,” pt. 12, p. 599.

», id. Gen. Cat. S.A. Crust. p. 457.

Chilton, Tr. Roy. Soc. Edinb, vol. 48, pt. 2, p. 501.

MAeERA INAEQUIPES (Costa).

Amphithoe truncatipes (Spinola in MS.) White, Crust. Brit. Mus.
p. 87 (nom. nud.).
- inaequipes Costa in Hope, Cat. Crost. Ital. p. 45.
Gammarus scissimanus id. Mem. Acc. Napoli. vol. 1, p. 221,
pl. 3, fig. 7.
Maera scissimana and integrimana Heller, Denk. Ak. Wien.
vol. 26, pt. 2, p. 40, pl. 3, figs. 24, 25.
Moera truncatipes Barrois, Cat. Crust. Acores. p. 35, text-fig.
Maera 2 (part) Della Valle, F. u. Fl. Neapel. vol. 20,
p. 725, pl. 1, fig. 2, pl. 22, figs. 26-40.
» scissimana Walker, le. p. 273, pl. 5, fig. 32.
» timaequipes Stebbing, lc. p. 435.
Walker, Tr. Linn. Soc. Lond. vol. 12, pt. 4,

p. 334.
. Kunkel, Le. p. 44, fig. 16.
y Stebbing, Sci. Res. “ Thetis,” pt. 12, p. 599.
‘3 Ee Chevreux, Mém. Soe. Zool. Fr. vol. 25, p. 218.

Agreeing with Stebbing’s description except in the following points
1st antenna with flagellum of 17-19 joints, accessory flagellum 10-
jointed, flagellum of 2nd antenna 9-jointed, subequal to ultimate ped-
uncular joint which is shorter than penultimate, gland-cone not reaching
beyond apex of antepenultimate ; 5th joint of Ist gnathopod with a
notch near apex on anterior margin ; hands of 2nd gnathopods equal,

194 Annals of the South African Musewm.

palm with a slight central notch, denticulate between notch and hinge,
very faintly denticulate between notch and the strong defining tooth ;
hind margins of Znd joint of peraeopods 3-5 faintly serrulate near
distal end only ; apices of telson tridentate, outer one smaller than the
other two, which are subequal, a spine in the notch between each
tooth.

Length: 138 mm.

Colour: In spirit, pale yellowish or pinkish, eyes red-brown.

Locality: Table Bay. 1897. 2 ¢ g, 1 juv. (Dr. W. F. Purcell) ;
Woodstock beach (Cape Town). 6/4/08. 2 gg. (EH. P. Phillips and
R. M. Lightfoot) ; Cape Morgan N. 3 W., distant 10 miles. 77 fathoms.
1 ovigerous 2 ; and Hood Point. N. by W. 4 W., distant 1] miles. 49
fathoms. 1 ovigerous @. s.s. ‘ Pieter Faure.’ 26/7/01 and 15/7/01.
(S.A.M. Nos. 1292, A191, A189 and A2873 respectively.)

Geogr. Distribution: Mediterranean (Costa, Della Valle, Chev-
reux) ; Azores (Barrois) ; Ceylon (Walker) ; Seychelles, Red Sea and
Wasin, Brit. E. Africa, 10 fathoms (Walker); New South Wales °
(Stebbing) ; Bermuda (Kunkel).

MAERA HIRONDELLEI Chevreux.
1900. Maera hirondellei Chevreux, Rés. Camp. Monaco, vol. 16, p. 84,
pl. 11, figs. la-7.
L906. 7; : Stebbing, Lc. p. 732.
1910. cA Chevreux, Mém. Soc. Zool. Fr. vol. 23, p. 218.

The South African specimens agree so well with Chevreux’s species
that the few differences which are present cannot be regarded otherwise
than as local variations and also perhaps as due to age. Chevreux
expresses a doubt as to whether his ¢ 3 were adult, but does not say
whether the 2 2 were ovigerous.

The 5th joint of Ist gnathopod indented on anterior margin just
before the acute apex.

The hand of 2nd gnathopod is broader in proportion to its length
than in Chevreux’s specimen, the two teeth at defining angle of palm
stronger. Chevreux in the enlarged figures of the 2nd gnathopod
(figs. ly and 1j) shows these 2 teeth, but in the text speaks of only
one. The insertions of the bundles of setae along the distal portion
of the inferior margin of hand rather deep, causing a distinctly serrate
appearance,

The mandibular palp is of normal length (cf. Sars’ figure of M.
othonis, Crust. Norw. vol. 1, pl. 182, fig. 1), the 5rd joint a little
shorter than 2nd.

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 195

Flagellum of Ist antenna ca. 25-jointed, accessory flagellum 9-
jointed ; flagellum of 2nd antenna ca. 11-jointed, subequal to ultimate
peduncular joint which is shorter than penultimate, gland-cone not so
long as in Chevreux’s specimens.

Eyes fairly large, reniform; side-plate 1 with antero-inferior angle
produced acutely forward ; postero-lateral angle of 3rd pleon segment
somewhat produced, acute, margins not serrate; telsonic lobes rather
more ovate than in Chevreux’s figure.

Length : 15 mm.

Colour : In spirit, pale pinkish.

Locality: Paternoster Point SE. + E., distant 9 miles (off Saldanha
Bay). 80 fathoms. 2 gg, 1 ovigerous 2. s.s. “ Pieter Faure.”
17/3/02. (S.A.M. No. A187.)

Geogr. Distribution: Azores, 130 metres (Chevreux) ; Ile Djerba,
Algiers, low-tide (Chevreux ).

It appears to me to be very doubtful if Chevreux’s species is really
distinct from inaequipes. But since in the South African material the
specimens which I assign to hirondellei are distinguishable from those
I take to be inaequipes by the two teeth defining the palm of the 2nd
enathopods and the more produced postero-inferior angle of 3rd pleon
segment, I keep them separate here.

Marra MASTERSII (Haswell).

1879. Megamoera mastersii Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. vol. 4,
j@o POU y oll AE ives Ite

1884. Es thomsoni Miers, Rep. Voy. “ Alert,” p. 318, pl. 34,
fig. B.

1906. Maera masterii Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, p. 439.

1911. Moera » Chilton, Tr. N.Z. Inst. vol. 43 [1910], p. 564.

(Non-Chilton, 1912, Tr. Roy. Soc. Edinb. vol.

48, pt. 2, p. 501.)

The palm of the right 2nd gnathopod has a defining tooth, a tooth
near the hinge and between those another tooth, all three being fairly
strong and acute. Between the defining tooth and the middle tooth
there isa very small tooth. The left 2nd gnathopod is weak, palm ill
defined and without teeth. The telson as in Haswell’s description.

Length: 8 mm.

Colour: In spirit, uniform dull purplish-brown.

Locality: Mozambique (Conducia Bay). Nov. 1912. 1¢. (K.H.B.).
(S.A.M. No. A2471.)

196 Annals of the South African Museum.

Geogr. Distribution: Port Jackson, Australia (Haswell); Torres
Strait (Miers) ; Kermadee Islands (Chilton).

Mara HAMIGERA (Haswell).
(Plate XX VII. Figs. 11-12.)
1879. Moera hamgera Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. vol. 4,
D005, s0) cleats
1885. Megamoera suensis var. id. ibid. vol. 10, p. 103, pl. 15, figs. 1-4.
1906. Maera hamigera Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, p. 437.

1909. - < Walker, Tr. Linn. Soc. Lond. ser. 2, vol. 12,
pt. 4, p. 335, pl. 43, fig. 5.
1910. 3 - Stebbing, Sci. Res. “ Thetis,” pt. 12, p. 600.

Side-plate 1 with a notch at postero-inferior angle. Posterior
margin of 8rd pleon segment with 5-6 somewhat widely spaced
serrations.

Telsonic apices deeply notched, 3 strong spines in the notch, the
middle spine nearly as long as the lobe, the other 2 ¢ as long, mner
margin with 2-3 spiniferous notches.

First antenna, Ist joint with spine on lower apex, 2nd longer than
Ist, flagellum ca. 40-jointed, accessory flagellum 5-jointed. Second
antenna, ultimate joint shorter than penultimate, flagellum ca. >=
jointed.

Third joint of mandibular palpa trifle shorter than 2nd.

First gnathopod, 4th joint apically acute, palm ill defined, micro-
scopically denticulate, set with spines and setae.

Second gnathopods dissimilar on the two sides, the right larger
than the left, in g 4th joint apically acute, hind margin of 6th longer
than palm, with one or two setiferous notches near the defining tooth,
palm concave between this and the 4-5 denticles near hinge, but with
a small tooth in the centre of the concavity, a submarginal row of 4-5
stout spines, finger fitting within defining tooth, rather strongly
curved and tapering evenly. In a larger specimen, which is otherwise
indistinguishable and seems to be the adult form, there are 4 teeth
defining the palm, arranged transversely, the largest being on the out-
side and a little in advance of the others, the tooth in the centre of
the concave portion of the palm is larger and nearer the other teeth,
so that the convex portion of palm bears 6 teeth which are well
defined and acute; finger fitting into the concavity, very stout,
scimitar-shaped, widening distaily and ending abruptly with a small
incurved blunt tooth, immer margin convex except at extreme base.

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. MSN

In the left gnathopod the hand is much weaker and more setose,
defining angle of palm rounded, with 3-4 spines, first part of palm
concave, second part convex with a small tooth and 2 pairs of spines ;
in the large specimen the palm is more uniformly straight but armed
with spines and setae.

In 2 right and left 2nd gnaphopods equal in size, the hand being
similar to that of the young ¢, elongate-oval, tapering distally, palm
and hind margin subequal and continuous, without defining tooth,
but witha submarginal spine, palm with 2 denticles near the hinge,
both flanked by minute subsidiary denticles, some small denticles
between first tooth and junction with hind margin, finger tapering,
nearly reaching the defining spine.

Hind margin of 2nd joint of 3rd—5th peraeopods serrate.

All the peraeopods with a straight stout spine-seta on inner apex
of 7th joint extending as far as the end of the curved unguis, most
noticeable in the posterior three peraeopods.

Length: § 14and18mm.; 2 8 mm.

Colour: In spirit, yellowish-white, eyes pale brown.

Locality: Glendower Beacon N.+ W., distant 16 miles (near Port
Alfred). 66 fathoms. 3juv.¢ ¢; Cape Natal W.? N. distant 12 miles,
85 fathoms. 14 (the large specimen mentioned above). _ s.s. ‘‘ Pieter
Faure.” 10/9/01 and 17/12/00; Dyer’s Island. April, 1915. (J.
Drury.) 2 2? 2 (1 ovigerous). (8.A.M. Nos. A188, A192 and A3390.)

Geogr. Distribution: Port Jackson and Port Stephens, Australia
(Haswell); Red Sea (Walker); New South Wales, 54-59 fathoms
(Stebbing).

Gren. ELASMOPUS Costa.
1853. Hlasmopus Costa, Rend. Soc. Bourb. n. s. vol. 2, pp. 170, 175.

1906. mn Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, pp. 441, 732.
1908. i Chevreux, Mém. Soe. Zool. Fr. vol. 20, p. 483.
1910. se Stebbing, Gen. Cat. S.A. Crust. p. 457.

ELASMOPUS PECTENICRUS Bate.
(Plate XXVIII. Fig. 33.)
1862. Moera pectenicrus Bate, Cat. Amph. Brit. Mus. p. 192, pl. 34,
fig. 8 (on plate spelt pectinicrus).
1904. Elasmopus serrula Walker in Herdman’s Ceylon Pearl Fish.
Suppl. Rep. 17, p. 277, pl. 8, fig. 37.

1906. 3 brasiliensis (part) Stebbing, l.c. p. 445.
1909. BP serrula Walker, Tr. Linn. Soe. Lond. vol. 12, pt. 4,

p- 336.

198 Annals of the South African Museum.

In 1906 Stebbing doubtfully included this species with Dana’s
brasiliensis. Bate’s figures of his own species are very different from
those which he gives of Dana’s species (presumably copied from
Dana’s work) as regards the two features which distinguish the
species, namely: the 2nd gnathopod of the male and the 2nd joint of
the 4th peraeopod. Dana makes no mention of a tooth on the palm
of the former and figures the 2nd joint of the 4th paraeopod as
uniformly oval. Chevreux (1910, Mém. Soe. Zool. Fr. vol. 23, p. 222,
text-fig. 22 and pl. 15, figs. 14-20) follows Dana in the first point
and in the second figures the joint in question rather narrower than
Dana, but nevertheless not at all similar to that of pectenicrus.

These two characters leave no doubt that pectenicrus should be
retained as a species distinct from brasiliensis.

As regards Walker’s serrula, young specimens from the same
gathering as the adults are in perfect agreement with his description
and figures; the “ flat-topped teeth of pecuhar form ” becoming at the
last (probably) moult longer, more numerous and closely set, and the
hind margin becoming distally concave.

The following description, applying to the South African specimens,
will supplement that of Bate.

Body smooth. Eyes fairly large, oval. Postero-inferior angle of
3rd pleon segment quadrate, with a very minute point, herein differing
from Bate’s figure. Telson as figured by Walker for serrula.

First antenna reaching to 4th peraeon segment, Ist and 2nd joints
subequal, 3rd a little shorter, flagellum not quite as long as peduncle,
ca. 20-jointed, accessory flagellum 5-jointed.

Second antenna reaching base of flagelluin of Ist antenna, 4th and
5th joints subequal, flagellum longer than 5th joint, ca. 10-jointed.

Mouth-parts without particular features.

First gnathopod, as in FE. rapaw Costa, anterior margins of 5th and
6th joints with several transverse rows of setae in ¢.

Second gnathopod in das figured for serrula; in 2 and young ¢
the 6th joint is elongate-oval, the palm as long as the hind margin
and defined by a spine (but no tooth or projection), the palm bears a
few spinules and the setae are simple and less numerous, inner margin
of finger serrate.

Third peraeopod, 2nd joint narrowing slightly distally, hind margin
nearly straight, obscurely serrate.

Fourth peraeopod, 2nd joint strongly narrowed and concave distally,
postero-inferior angle rounded, lower part of hind margin with
numerous, closely-set, spiniform teeth in the adult gin young ¢ as
figured for serrula; in @ the 2nd joint narrows distally as in the

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 199

adult g¢, but the lower part of hind margin is straight, the teeth are
as in the young ¢, but sharper and more closely set.

Fifth peraeopod, hind margin of 2nd joint strongly convex, serrate.

Seventh joint of all the peraeopods with 2-3 spine-setae at inner apex.

Third uropods as figured for serrula.

Length: 6 9mm.; 9 6mm.

Colour: White, with a somewhat irregularly reticulated transverse
violet band on the head and each of the peraeon and pleon segments,
in the median line on the peraeon and pleon there is a lozenge-shaped
patch of the white ground colour surrounded by a border of violet, at
the hinder end of which is a deep violet spot, side-plates and 2nd
joints of 3rd to 5th peraeopods with a broad violet stripe, antennae
ringed with violet, eyes black.

Locality : Buffels Bay (False Bay). 28/9/13. (K.H.B.) 1 juv.d ;
Durban, Natal. Marchand July, 1915. (H.W. Bell-Marley.) 3,
ovigerous ?, and juv. (S.A.M. Nos. A2535, A3376, and A8844.)

Geogr. Distribution: New Guinea (Bate): Ceylon (Walker) ; Zan-
zibar (Walker) ; Suez (Walker).

EasMopus BoEcKII (Haswell).

(Plate XXVIT. Figs. 13, 14.)

1879. Megamoera boeckii Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. vol. 4,
p. 336, pl. 21, fig. 6.

1899. EHlasmopus ” Stebbing, Tr. Linn. Soc. Lond. ser. 2, vol. 7,
p. 426.
1906. - rs id. Das Tierreich, 21, p. 445.

Haswell’s description is very brief, and his figure of the 2nd gnatho-
pod is not at all clear, so that it is very doubtful if the present speci-
men is correctly assigned to his species. Moreover, it is thrice as long
as the original one, which was most probably immature.

Eyes elongate oval, vertical. Peraeon and pleon without serrations
or setae. Side-plate 1 fairly produced forwards, inferior margins of
1-4 not serrate, 5 not as deep as 4. Postero-inferior angle of 3rd
pleon segment quadrate with a very minute point, posterior margin
straight, entire.

Telson cleft for 2 of its length, lobes dehiscent, apices excavate
between two teeth, a small tooth at base of excavation, whence arise
also 2 unequal stout spines.

First antenna reaching to end of peraeon, 2nd joint a little longer
than Ist, 3rd 4 2nd, flagellum shorter than peduncle, ca. 25-jointed,
accessory flagellum 4-jointed, equal to the first 4-5 flagellar joints.

200 Annals of the South African Museum.

Second antenna reaching to middle of flagellum of Ist, gland-cone
inconspicuous, 8rd 4 4th, 5th a little shorter than 4th, flagellum ca.
13-jointed, equal to 4th joint.

Mandibles short and stout, as figured by Walker and Scott for
E. sokotrae (Nat. Hist. Sokotra, 1903, pl. 14 B, fig. la), cutting-edge
obtuse, but with 1 blunt tooth, secondary cutting-edge blunt,
obscurely 4-dentate in left, tridentate in right, spine-row with ca.
6 spines, palp slender, Ist joint } 2nd, 3rd a little longer than Ist,
cylindrical not faleate, sparsely setose.

First maxilla, inner plate fairly stout, with 3 apical plumose setae.

Maxilliped, outer apical angle of inner plate shortly produced.

First gnathopod ?, 4th joint apically rounded, 5th densely setose
on sides and especially on lower margin, 6th as long as but narrower
than 5th, not particularly setose, palm oblique, continuous with hind
margin, finger matching palm.

Second gnathopod @ much larger, 4th joint apically acute, 5th
rounded below, setose, 6th large, elongate-ovate, palm oblique, not as
long as hind margin, slightly concave with 4 strong teeth, the first
defining the palm, the 4th near the hinge and bearing one or two
small accessory teeth, a small tooth between the Ist and 2nd teeth,
finger fitting within defining tooth, slender, evenly curved.

First and second peraeopods not very spinose or setose, hind margin
of 6th with 7 groups of 2-3 spines each.

Third and fifth peraeopods (4th missing), 2nd joint well expanded,
hind margin straight in 3rd, gently convex in 5th peraeopod, with a
few widely-spaced serrations, rounded postero-inferior angle reaching
to end of 8rd, 4th and 5th moderately expanded.

First uropod with marginal spines on inner ramus only.

Third uropod not extending far beyond Ist, rami subequal, thrice as
long as peduncle, apices truncate, both margins spinose.

Length : 12 mm.

Colour: In spirit, whitish, eyes brown.

Locality: Port Elizabeth. Nov. 1914. (F. W. FitzSimons.) 19
with embryos. (S.A.M. No. A8058.)

ELASMOPUS LEVIS, 0. sp.
(Plate XXVIII. Fig. 15.)

1910. Maera bruzelii Stebbing, Gen. Cat. S.A. Crust. p. 457 (non
Stebbing, 1888).

US 5 mastersu Chilton, Tr. Roy. Soc. Edinb. vol. 48, pt. 2,
p- 501 (non Haswell, 1879).

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 201

An examination of the specimens, referred by Stebbing in 1910 to
Maera bruzelii, and others from the same locality as the former, has
convinced me that they represent a new species, or at least a very
distinct littoral variety.

Though at first sight they appear to resemble very closely M. bruzelvi,
yet they differ in a number of characters :

Side-plate 1 not nearly so much produced forwards, inferior margin
only very faintly serrate and only on posterior half, side-plate 2 not
serrate ; postero-inferior angle of 3rd pleon segment rather more pro-
duced than in Stebbing’s figure of M. bruzelii (corresponding with his
description), but posterior margin not serrate; 2nd joint of mandibular
palp not bent; inner plate of Ist maxilla with 3 apical plumose setae ;
inner plate of maxilliped with outer distal angle sharply produced ;
palm of 2nd gnathopod irregularly dentate, most of the teeth bearing
spines, one tooth near hinge and another near defining angle rather
larger than the rest.

The 3rd-5th peraeopods are very much stouter than in any species
of Maera, and from M. bruzelii in particular they differ in having very
much broader 4th and 5th joints.

First uropod with marginal spines on inner ramus only.

Telsonic apices either rounded off subacutely, or with a minute
setuliferous notch on the apex and a similar one subapically on
either side, the inner one being further from the apex than the
outer.

Further details are as follows: None of the peraeon or pleon seg-
ments dorsally dentate or setiferous; eyes subrotund, Ist joint of
Ist antenna rather shorter than 2nd, with a stout spine on lower apex,
flagellum ca. 50-jointed, accessory flagellum 9-jointed, equal to 2nd
peduncular joint ; gland-cone of 2nd antenna reaching almost to end
of 3rd joint, ultimate joint a little shorter than penultimate, flagellum
shorter than peduncle, ca. 30-jointed; 5rd joint of mandibular palp
subequal to 2nd, straight and sparsely setose.

First gnathopod very similar to that of M. bruzelii, palm minutely
serrulate. Both gnathopods in the 2 similar to those of the ¢, but
the 2nd is not so large.

First and second peraeopods not strongly spinose or setose, hind
margin of 6th with 6 pairs of diverging spines.

Third to fifth peraeopods, hind margin of 2nd joint straight in
peraeopods 38 and 4, slightly convex in 5, serrate in all, rounded
postero-inferior angle reaching nearly to end of 3rd, 4th strongly
expanded, 5th also expanded, but less strongly.

Third uropods, rami subequal, narrow lanceolate, apices tapering to

14,

202 Annals of the South African Museum.

subacute points bearing 2-3 minute setules, inner margin of inner, and
outer margin of outer ramus with 3 small spines.

Length: Up to 17 mm.

Colour: Uniform pink, rarely claret, eyes black.

Locality: Sea Point, near Cape Town. 29/11/18. (K.H.B.) ¢o
and ovigerous ? 9 amongst the roots of Ecklonia growing on rocks
at low water; Woodstock beach, Cape Town. 19/6/14. (K.H.B.)
(S.A.M. Nos. A2889 and A2890.)

The specimens from Saldanha Bay, referred by Chilton to Maera
mastersii, seem to belong to this species. Chilton notes their re-
semblance to an Hlasmopus.

Gen. GAMMARUS Fabricius.

1775. Gammarus (part) Fabricius, Syst. Ent. p. 418.

1906. - Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, pp. 460, 733.

1909. re G. Smith, Tr. Linn. Soc. Lond. ser. 2, vol. 11, pt. 4,
p46:

1910. ms Kunkel, Tr. Conn. Ac. vol. 16, p. 59.

1912. 4 Sexton, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1912, p. 657.

LOTS: r Pearse, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. vol. 45, p. 571.

The only Gammarus hitherto recorded from South Africa is the
European and Indian G. pulez. Krauss mentions that it was found
in brackish water, and on this account Stebbing (Gen. Cat. S.A. Crust.
p. 456) regards the correctness of the identification as very doubtful.
No mention of the occurrence of the genus in South Africa has since
been made.

The following 4 species are all found within the Cape Peninsula,
and the differentiation is probably the result of long isolation. Up
to the present no specimens have been collected in other districts (if we
except Krauss’ specimens), but it is probable that they will be when a
proper search is instituted.

The 4 South African species fall into two sharply marked divisions :
1. With the 4th side-plate with a posterior produced angle and the
margin above concave, as in the Northern species ; and 2. With the
4th side-plate subrectangular and similar to the preceding side-plates.
This latter form of side-plate 4 is unknown among the representatives
from the Northern hemisphere, but it is noteworthy that among the
Australasian species of the genus there is one belonging to the second
sroup, namely, G. ripensis Smith 1909, from Tasmania.

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 205

Key to the South African species described below :

1. 4th side-plate normal, i.e. different from the preceding side-
plates, palm of gnathopods slightly oblique.
1. Eyes small, feebly pigmented . G. capensis n. sp.
u. Eyes large, deeply pigmented . G. nigroculus n. sp. -

2. 4th side-plate rectangular, similar to the preceding side-plates,
palm of gnathopods transverse.

i. White, 1st peraeopod not modified
in f, 2nd antenna in ¢ very
stout : : : . G. crassicornis ni. sp.

ii. Brown, Ist peraeopod modified in
adult ¢, 2nd antenna in adult
$ with an ear-like lobe on 3rd
peduncular jomt . : . G. auricularius, 0. sp.

GAMMARUS CAPENSIS Nn. Sp.
(Plate XXVII. Figs. 20-22.)

Head nearly as long as first 2 peraeon segments together. Antero-
lateral angles rounded. Eyes very small, circular, with whitish
pigment, glistening, in spirit becoming invisible. Peraeon segments
5-7 frequently with a few short setules on posterior margins.
Side-plates 1-3 as deep as their segments, 4 a little deeper and
broader than the preceding ones, inferior margins of 1-4 convex and
setose, antero-inferior angle of 4 rounded, postero-lateral angle
sharp, anterior lobe of 5 not as deep as 4.

Pleon segments 1-3 with a fringe of fine setae on posterior dorsal
margin, 4-6 with longer and more numerous setae, 6 in addition with
2-3 spines on either side near the base of the telson, postero-inferior
angles of 1-3 quadrate, inferior margin of 2 with 5 spines and a few
marginal setae, of 3 with 4 spines and a few marginal setae (the
spines and setae not arranged in transverse rows), posterior margin of
3 with slight setuliferous indents.

Telson as long as broad, cleft almost to base, lobes dehiscent only at
apex, each lobe subquadrangular, apically obliquely truncate, with
2 apical bundles of long setae and 1 spine on outer apical angle,
1 bundle of setae in middle of the distal half and another on outer
margin a little more than one-third from base.

First antenna reaching to end of 8rd pleon segment, its peduncle to
end of penultimate peduncular joint of 2nd antenna, Ist and 2nd

.

204 Annals of the South African Museum.

joints subequal, 3rd 4 length of 2nd, flagellum more than twice as
long as peduncle, 48-76 jointed, accessory flagellum 6-8-jointed.

Second antenna about half length of Ist, lst joint stout, as lone
as: 3rd, 2nd half as long as broad, gland-cone scarely reaching 1
length of 3rd, 4th and 5th subequal, flagellum shorter than peduncle,
20-30 jointed.

The duct opens at the apex of the gland-cone, but through a small
subapical conical papilla on the lower surface.

Upper and lower lips normal.

Mandibles, cutting-edge 4-dentate, secondary cutting-edge in left
lamellar, 4-dentate, in right tubercular with 4-5 prongs, some of them
denticulate, spine-row in left with 10, in right with 4 spines, 2nd joint
of palp thrice Ist, 3rd a trifle longer than 2nd.

First maxilla, inner plate with 8-10 feebly plumose setae, outer
with 9 serrate spines, 2nd joint of palp in left with 10 + 4 slender
apical spines, in right with 6 teeth and 1 stout and 1 slender spine on
outer apical angle.

Second maxilla normal.

Maxilliped, inner plate with 3 apical spines and several setae, inner
margin of outer plate with blunt spines passing distally into longer
and plumose setae, apex reaching almost half way along 2nd joint of
palp, 38rd joint of palp half 2nd, 4th 3 3rd and much more slender,
inner margin of 2nd and 3rd thickly fringed with setae.

First and second gnathopods similar to one another, but 2nd rather
larger, 5th joint triangular, 6th oval-oblong, scarcely broader distally
than proximally, palm rather oblique, slightly convex, defined by 1-3
spines in Ist and 5—4 spines in 2nd gnathopod, finger matching palm.
In ? similar but smaller than in ¢.

First and second peraeopods slender, 2nd joint a little longer than
Ath, 6th a little longer than 5th, hind margins of 5th and 6th with
respectively 4 and 6 groups of spines and setae, hind margin of 7th
with 4 spine-setae.

Third to fifth peraepods, 2nd joint oval, anterior margin spinose
and setose, hind margin gently convex, serrulate and setose, postero-
inferior angle rounded, reaching to middle of 3rd, 4th a little shorter
than 6th, 5th equal to 2nd, 6th a little shorter than 5th, anterior
margin of 5th and 6th spinose, of 7th with 11-138 spine-setae, 4th to
6th joints densely setose, especially in 5th peraeopod, and more so in
6 than °.

Branchial lamellae simple.

First uropod, peduncle with 6 spines on inner and 9 on outer upper
margin, rami subequal, a little shorter than peduncle, inner with

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 205

5 marginal spines and bundles of setae, outer with 5 pairs of marginal
spines, both with 3-5 unequal apical spines.

Second uropod shorter, outer ramus shorter than inner, with 4
single marginal spines.

Third uropod extending far beyond Ist and 2nd uropods, peduncle
with 4 spines on upper apical margin, outer ramus 3 times length of
peduncle, 8 pairs of spines along outer margin, 5 pairs along inner,
both margins densely setose, 3-4 apical spines, 2nd joint small, with
a terminal spine, inner ramus 3 length of peduncle, with 6-7 apical
spines.

Length: § 25mm., 2 15-18 mm.

Colour : Pale pinkish, eyes pale red, somewhat glistening; in spirit,
whitish, eyes chalky-white, or more frequently becoming almost
invisible.

Locality: In the streams on Table Mountain, Muizenberg Moun-
tain, and probably throughout the Cape Peninsula, but not apparently
descending below 300 feet. (K.H.B.) gd, ovigerous 2? 2 and
young. (S.A.M. Nos. A2258, A2552, A2960, A2968, A3033, etc.)

Ab.—T wo large 3 specimens, 25 mm. long, caught in the Platteklip
Stream (near the ‘‘ Breakfast Rock’’), correspond with the above in all
points except the antero-inferior angle of side-plate 4, which is quad-
rate with a short sharp point similar to that of the postero-lateral
angle. I have never found any more specimens resembling these
two and regard them merely as an aberration of capensis. (S.A.M.
No. A195.)

Var. «.—A form hitherto only found on Muizenberg and Kalk Bay
Mountains and at Buffels Bay, near Cape Point, is distinguished by
having the Ist joint of 1st antenna distinctly stouter than the 2nd
and the whole 2nd antenna much stouter than Ist. In the ¢ this
is especially noticeable, and the 2nd antenna is as long as or some-
times even alittle longer than the first. The telson is somewhat shorter
(Plate XX VII. Fig. 22). The pleon is in some specimens less, but
as a rule very much more densely setose than in the typical capensis.
(S.A.M. Nos. A2272, A2961, A3084, and A3374.)

Var. 6.—A very similar form lives on the Cape Flats (Newlands
and Wynberg. Dr. W. F. Purcell, S.A.M. Nos. 10017, 10021), but
differs in having the 6th joint of gnathopods 1 and 2 distinctly wider
distally than proximally. The specimens are smaller than the average
of capensis, but as there are only 2 and neither is an ovigerous 9 it is
impossible to say whether they are adult. I regard these also, for the
present at least, as a variety of capensis.

206 Annals of the South African Museum.

GAMMARUS NIGROCULUS NU. sp.
(Plate XXVII. Fig. 23.)

Head not equal to first 2 peraeon segments, antero-lateral lobe
rounded. Eyes moderate, oval, set close to the margin of the lobe.
Side-plates 1-4 as deep as their segments, inferior margin of 1-3
rounded, setose but less so than in capensis, of 4 sparsely setose,
antero-inferior angle rounded, postero-lateral angle subacute.

Pleon segments 1—3 with a few short setae, 4-5 with more numerous
and longer setae on posterior margin, 6 with a submedian group of
4 setae and 1 spine on either side near base of telson, postero-inferior
angle of 3 quadrate, without produced point, posterior margin with a
few shght setiferous indents, inferior margin of 1-3 sparsely setose,
the setae not arranged in transverse rows.

Telson as long as broad, cleft nearly to base, lobes dehiscent only at
apex, tapering slightly, apices rounded, margins and apices setose,
1 large spine on upper surface just beyond middle of outer margin.

First antenna reaching to end of peraeon, the peduncle to middle
of ultimate peduncular joint of 2nd antenna, 2nd joint 2 Ist, 3rd
3 2nd, flagellum at least twice as long as peduncle, accessory flagellum
4-jointed.

Second antenna a little stouter than and about half the length of
Ist, gland-cone acute, reaching nearly to end of 3rd joint, 4th and 5th
subequal, flagellum equal to peduncle, ca. 17-jointed.

Mandibles, cutting-edge 5-dentate in left, in right 4-dentate,
secondary cutting-edge 3 dentate in left, in right a 4-pronged tubercle,
spine-row with ca. 5 spines, 2nd joint of palp scarcely 22 times as long
as broad, 3rd equal to 2nd, elongate-diamond shaped, thrice as long
as broad.

First and second gnathopods similar but Ist a little shorter and
stouter, 6th joint not half as long again as 5th, equal in width to 5th,
oblong, not distally widened, palm slightly oblique, gently convex,
defined by 2 spines, finger matching palm.

First and second peraeopods nearly as spinose as in capensis, but
much less setose, especially 2nd and 4th joints, hind margin of 5th
with 5 spines, of 6th with 6 groups of 1 spine and*2 setae each, 7th
with 3 spine-setae on inner margin.

Third to fifth peraeopods, 2nd joint oval, anterior margin spinose
but not setose, hind margin serrulate and setose, convex in 3rd peraeo-
pod, straight in distal half in 4th and 5th peraeopods, postero-inferior
angle rounded, reaching to middle of 3rd in 8rd peraeopod, to end of

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 207

3rd in 4th and 5th peraeopods, 7th with 4—5 spine-setae on anterior
margin ; all 3 peraeopods spinose but scarcely at all setose.

First uropod, rami subequal and a little shorter than peduncle,
3 marginal pairs of spines and 5 unequal apical spines on both rami,
inner ramus nonsetose.

Second uropod, outer ramus shorter, both rami with 3 marginal
and four apical spines, inner ramus nonsetose.

Third uropod, only distal half of outer ramus extending beyond
ends of uropods 1 and 2, peduncle with 3 unequal spines at outer,
4 at inner apical angle, outer ramus nearly three times length of
peduncle, outer margin with 4 groups of 3-4. spines, inner margin
with 2 groups, setae not numerous, 2nd joint small, tipped with
1 spine and 2 setae, inner ramus + outer ramus, tipped with 2 spines
and 2 setae.

Length : 10 mm.

Colour : Greyish, eyes black.

Locality : Devils Peak, Newlands (Dr. W. F. Purcell); top of
Table Mountain (sed ?) ; Platteklip Gorge, altitude 1000 feet (IX.H.B.) ;
Karstenbosch, altitude 250 feet (K.H.B.); streams above Oranjezicht,
Cape Town, altitude 400-500 feet (K.H.B.). (S.A.M. Nos. 1270,
A2966, A3052, A3038, and A38059-62 respectively. )

A few males have the 2nd antennae stout compared with the Ist
antennae and a stronger and longer fringe of setae on the anterior
margins of the 3rd—5th peraeopods (in those respects somewhat
approaching G. capensis var. a).

GAMMARUS CRASSICORNIS Nn. Sp.
(Plate XXVII. Figs. 24, 25.)

Head not quite equal to first 2 peraeon segments. Antero-lateral
lobes rounded truncate. Eyes very small, with whitish pigment,
glistening, invisible in spirit specimens. Side-plates 1-3 as deep as
their segments, all three rectangular and deeper than long, inferior
margin convex and setose, 4 similar to the preceding, without any
postero-lateral angle, posterior margin only very slightly emarginate.
Pieon segments 1-6 with a few setae on posterior margin, setae most
numerous on segments 4 and 5, no spines on 6th near insertion of
telson, postero-inferior angle of 3rd rounded quadrate.

Telson scarcely more than half as long as basal width, cleft nearly
to base, lobes dehiscent, apices rounded-truncate, with 6 long setae,
2 very fine setules on middle of lateral margin.

First antenna reaching to 5th or 6th peraeon segment, 2nd joint

208 Annals of the South African Museum.

3 lst and more slender, 3rd 3 2nd, flagellum longer than peduncle,
ca 23-jointed in ¢, ca. 19 in 2, accessory flagellum 4-jointed in 2,
3 in? :

Second antenna in adult ¢ reaching to about the middle of
flagellum of Ist antenna, very stout, 2nd joint very short, gland-cone
not prominent, with subapical papilla, 3rd swollen, as wide as long,
Ath nearly twice as long as 3rd, slightly stouter, 5th 4 length and
; width of 4th, to which it is bent at right angles, flagellum longer
than 5th peduncular joint, ca. 10-jomted; in ? normal, of about the
same thickness as Ist antenna, 4th joint % 5th, flagellum nearly equal
to 4th and 5th together, ca. 10-jointed. Only in fully adult ¢ 3
does the 2nd antenna become swollen; in immature ¢ ¢ it resembles
that of the 2.

Mandibles, cutting-edge narrow, bidentate, secondary cutting-edge
tridentate, palp narrow, 2nd joint 4 times as long as wide, 3rd equal to
2nd but more slender, apex setose.

First and second gnathopods, 2nd joint widening gradually from
narrow base, 5th triangular, 6th longer than 5th and a little wider,
oblong, of same width throughout, palm transverse, slightly convex,
setose, defining angle blunt, with 2 spines, hind margin just proximal
to defining angle, slightly concave, finger not overlapping palm, taper-
ing rapidly; 2nd gnathopod larger than Ist, neither very setose: in
? similar to ¢ but relatively shorter and stouter.

First and second peraepods sparsely setose, hind margin of 5th joint
with 3 spines, of 6th with 2 pairs of spines, of 7th with | spine-seta.

Third to fifth peraeopods not very setose, 2nd joint not strongly
expanded, oblong, postero-inferior angle rounded, reaching to middle
of 5rd, hind margin setose but very feebly serrate, anterior margin of
6th joint with 2 (8rd peraeopod) or 3 (4th and 5th peraeopods) pairs
of spines, of 7th with 1 spine-seta.

First uropod, upper margin of peduncle with 6 spines, rami sub-
equal, with marginal setae (not spines) and apical spines.

Second uropod, peduncle with 5-4 spines on upper margin, outer
ramus shorter than inner, both with apical but not marginal spines.

Third uropod not extending far beyond ends of Ist and 2nd uropods,
peduncle with 5-7 apical spines, outer ramus only half as long again
as peduncle, margins with 2 groups of spines and setae, apex with 3
unequal spines, 2nd joint obsolete, immer ramus } length of outer, with
4 apical spines.

Length: § 8mm., ovigerous 2? 2? 45-7 mm.

Colour: Whitish, eyes pink.

Locality: Table Mountain, at top of Kasteel’s Poort, Grotto

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 209

Ravine, and Platteklip Gorge ; in small streams or moss damped by
trickling water (perennial). 25/4/14, 21/6/14, and 1/8/15. (K.H.B.)
od, ovigerous 2 2 and young. (S.A.M. Nos. A8031, A3034, and
A35864.)

GAMMARUS AURICULARIUS, Nl. Sp.
(Plate XXVII. Figs. 26-28.)

Head not equal to first 2 peraeon segments. Antero-lateral lobes
rounded truncate. Eyes small, circular, glistening white, invisible in
spirit specimens. Side-plates 1-4 as deep as their segments, inferior
margins convex, setose, 4 similar to and not much wider than 3, no
postero-lateral angle, hind margin very slightly emarginate. Pleon
seoments 4 and 5 and to a lesser extent also 3 setose on hind margins,
postero-inferior angle of 38 rounded-quadrate, inferior margins of 1-3
sparsely setose.

Telson 2 as long as basal width, lobes dehiscent, apices rounded,
setose.

First antenna reaching to 5th peraeon segment, peduncle reaching
just beyond apex of penultimate peduncular joint of 2nd antenna,
2nd joint ? Ist, 3rd 4 2nd, flagellum longer than peduncle, ca. 25-
jointed in ¢, 20 in 9, accessory flagellum 3-jointed.

Second antenna reaching to middle of flagellum of Ist antenna,
gland-cone not prominent, with subapical papilla, 3rd and 4th joints
stout, 8rd in fully adult ¢ with a large oval ear-like lobe on outer
apex, extending to middle of 4th, 4th and 5th subequal but 5th more
slender, flagellum equal to 3rd—5th joints together, ca. 14-joited ; in
2 3rd joint normal, 3rd and 4th normal in width, flagellum 8-
jointed.

Mandibles, cutting-edge 4-dentate, accessory cutting-edge 4-dentate
in left, bidentate in right, palp slender, 3rd joint not equal to 2nd.

First and second egnathopods, 2nd joint of nearly equal width
throughout, 6th longer than 5th, oblong, scarcely wider distally, palm
transverse, convex, defining angle blunt, with 3 spines, finger matching
palm ; 2nd gnathopod the larger; in ? similar but smaller.

First peraeopod in adult ¢ shorter than 2nd, 4th joint slightly
expanded on hind margin, wider distally than proximally, 5th with a
subacute lobe at base of hind margin, bearing 1 spine, margin thence
to apex sinuous with a central rounded prominence, setose, 6th longer
than 4th, slightly curved, hind margin setose but not spinose, 7th
with 1 spine-seta near apex of hind margin; in ? normal as in 2nd
peraeopod.,

210 Annals of the South African Museum.

Second peraeopod normal, 4th and 5th joints cylindrical, not
expanded on hind margin, 6th equal to but not longer than 4th, hind
margin with 3 groups of 3 spines and several setae.

Third to fifth peraeopods, 4th and 5th peraeopods subequal, 5rd
shorter, 2nd joint moderately expanded, postero-inferior angle reaching
to middle of 3rd, rounded, hind margin setose and slightly serrate,
7th without spine-setae on anterior margin, 4th and 5th peraeopods
setose on anterior margins of joints, 3rd peraeopod almost nonsetose,
but with a few spines.

First uropod, peduncle with | apical spine and several spinules on
upper margin, rami equal, with 2-3 marginal and 4—5 apical spines.

Second uropod, peduncle with 5 marginal spines, outer ramus
shehtly shorter than inner, both with two marginal and 4-5 apical
spines.

Third uropod, peduncle with 4 apical setae, outer ramus not
extending far beyond end of Ist and 2nd uropods, twice length of
peduncle, 2 marginal groups of spines and setae, 3 unequal apical
spines and some setae, 2nd joint obsolete, inner ramus half length of
peduncle, with 4 apical spines.

Length: § 8mm., 2? 6 mm.

Colour: Light brown, slightly mottled, eyes glistening white.

Locality : In streams on top of Table Mountain; (Echo Valley and
top of Kasteel’s Poort). 24/8/18, 6/11/13, and 7/12/13. (K.H.B.)
6 do, ovigerous ? ? and young. (S.A.M. Nos. A2962, A2599 and
A264).

Famity DEXAMINIDAE.

1813/14. Devameridae Leach, Edinb. Encyel. vol. 7, p. 432.

1876. Dexaminae Boeck, Skand, Arkt. Amphip. vol. 2, p. 310.

1888. Dexaminidae Stebbing, Challeng. Rep. vol. 29, pp. 573, 900.
1893. Dexaminidi (part) Della Valle, F. u. Fl. Neapel. vol. 20, p. 556.
1894. Atylidae (part) G. O. Sars, Crust. Norw. vol. 1, p. 461.

1906. Dexaminidae Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, p. 514.

1910. rid. Sci. Res. ‘‘ Thetis,” pt. 12, p. 602.

9

Gen. POLYCHERIA Haswell.

1879. Polycherva Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. vol. 4, p- 340.
1882. xs , Polychelia G. M. Thomson, Tr. N.Z. Inst. vol. 14,
p. 233.

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 211

1898. Polycheria, Polycharia Calman, Ann. N.Y. Ac. vol. 11, pp. 261,
268, 288.

1905. Fa Walker in Gardiner’s Fauna Mald. Lace. Arch. vol. 2,
p. 926.
1906. “3 Stebbing, l.c. pp. 519, 735.

PoLycHERIA ANTARCTICA (Stebbing).

1875. Dexamine antarctica Stebbing, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 4,
vol. 15, p. 184, pl. 15a, fig. 1.

1878. Atylus antarcticus id. ibid. ser. 5, vol. 2, p. 370.

1879. Polycheria tenuipes Haswell, l.c. p. 345, pl. 22, fig. 8.

1879. ee brevicornis id. ibid. p. 346.

1882. Ss obtusa G. M. Thomson, l.c. p. 233, pl. 17, fig. 3.

1888. Tritaeta antarctica Stebbing, l.c. p. 941.

1888. » kergueleni id. ibid. p. 941, pl. 85.

1893. Polycheria antarctica Della Valle, l.c. p. 580, pl. 58, figs. 83, 84.

1898. i osborni Calman, l.c. p. 268, pl. 32, fig. 2.

1904. Tritaeta antarctica, Walker in Herdman’s Ceylon Pearl Fish.
Rep. pt. 2, p. 266, pl. 4, fig. 25.

1905. Polycheria atolli id. lc. p. 926, pl. 88, figs. 1-5.

1906. ra tenuipes Stebbing, lc. p. 520.

1906. - antarctica id. ibid. p. 520, figs. 90, 91.

1907. a 7 Walker, Nat. Antarct. Exp. vol. 3, p. 34.

1909. Ar atolli id. Tr. Linn. Soc. Lond. vol. 12, pt. 4, p. 337.

1912. - antarctica Chilton, Tr. Roy. Soc. Edinb. vol. 48, pt. 2,
p. 502.

Chilton has given reasons for uniting all the above “ species ” under
the one name ; and has detailed the points of resemblance and difter-
ence found in a single specimen from South Africa.

In order to facilitate comparison and show the range of variation,
the characteristics of other South African specimens are here set out.
Two specimens from near Saldanha Bay, but from deeper water than
Chilton’s specimen, may be cited first :

Size of eye, proportionately to head, as figured by Stebbing for
T'. kerquelent.

Teeth on 4th and 6th pleon segments well marked.

Telson reaching just beyond middle of rami of 3rd uropod, outer
margin with only one small spinule at middle and two between this
and apex.

Side-plate 4 short, blunt, not acutely produced.

212 Annals of the South African Museum.

First maxilla with palp strongly enlarged distally, not tapering as in
Stebbing’s figure of I’. kerqueleni.

Second maxilla with inner margin of inner plate well fringed with
plumose setae.

Maxilliped with outer plate equal to palp, the distal half of its
inner margin with 7 spinules, the basal half bare.

Sixth joint of Ist and 2nd gnathopods as figured by Stebbing, but
that of 2nd rather narrower.

Sixth joint of Ist—5th peraeopods parallel-sided, not distally
expanded.

Outer ramus of 2nd uropod half length of inner ramus, both un-
armed,

Third uropod with subequal unarmed rami.

Specimens from St. James show the following peculiarities :—Seven
specimens collected on 29/4/12 have no trace of the teeth on the 4th
and 6th pleon segments, whereas many others collected on 15/2/14
have well-marked teeth; eyes variable in size; telson reaching to
middle of rami of 3rd uropod, apices acute but frequently stout and
appearing almost unguiform, 2-4 spines on lateral margins ; side-plate
4 sometimes produced in a rounded lobe, never acute: palp of Ist
maxilla slightly wider distally than proximally, Ist joint very obscure ;
inner margin of inner plate of 2nd maxilla well fringed with plumose
setae; Inner margin of outer plate of maxilliped with 8-11 spines ;
gnathopods and peraeopods as in the two Saldanha Bay specimens
(supra) ; rami of Ist and 2nd uropods unarmed, outer ramus of 2nd
uropod half length of inner ramus; rami of 8rd uropod subequal,
3-4 spines on outer margin of outer ramus.

Length: 5mm.; one ¢ from St. James 6°5 mm.

Colour : In spirit, dull greyish, eye maroon ; in life, cream-coloured,
eye brownish, specimens taken out of a blood-red coloured compound
Ascidian (Goodsiria placenta) were salmon-red with crimson eyes.

Locality : Paternoster Point SE. ? E., distant 9 miles (off Saldanha
Bay). 80 fathoms. 2 specimens. s.s. “ Pieter Faure.” 17/3/02;
St. James (False Bay). 29/4/12 and 15/2/14. Several go and
immature specimens lying on their backs in holes made in encrusting
sponges (Halichondria) at low-tide. (K.H.B.); Buffels Bay (False
Bay). 1/3/15. (K.HB) 3¢6. (S.A.M. Nos. A2791, A2103,
A2916 and A8295 respectively.)

Also in the compound Ascidian Gynandrocarpa domuncula on the
backs of the crab Pseudodronua latens Stimpson and the compound
Ascidian Goodsiria placenta.

Geogr. Distribution: 77° 30' 8. 175° EB. 3800 fathoms (Stebbing :

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 213

D. antarctica); Port Jackson, 2 fathoms (Haswell: P. tenuwipes and
brevicornis) ; Paterson Inlet, N.Z.,10 fathoms (Thomson : P. obtusa) ;
Kerguelen Island, 28 and 127 fathoms (Stebbing: 7. kergueleni) ;
Puget Sound (Calman: P. osborni) ; Ceylon (Walker: 7. antarctica) ;
Maldives (Walker: P. atolli) ; McMurdo Sound (Walker : P.
antarctica) ; Seychelles and Wasin, B.E.A., 10 fathoms (Walker:
P. atolli); South Orkneys; South Georgia, and Saldanha Bay, 25
fathoms (Chilton).

Gen. GUERNEA Chevreux.

1868. Hellerra Norman, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 4, vol. 2, p. 418.
(non Ebner 1868.)

1887. Guernea Chevreux, Bull. Soc. Zool. Fr., vol. 12, p. 302.

1887. Prianassus Hansen, Vid. Meddel. ser. 4, vol. 9, p. 82.

1890. Guernea Stebbing, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 6, vol. 5, p. 192.

1893. 5 Della Valle, F. u. Fl. Neapel. vol. 20, p. 570.

1904. i, Walker in Herdman’s Ceylon Pearl Fish. Suppl. Rep.
. 17, p. 266.

1906. = Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, p. 521.

GUERNEA LAEVIS Chevreux.

1887. Guernea laevis Chevreux, l.c. p. 328.
1904. 55 » Walker, l.c. p. 267, pl. 4, fig. 26.
WLo0G 8s, coalita Stebbing, Le. pp. 521, 735.

The division between pleon segments 3 and 4 not strongly marked,
segments 5 and 6 fused and evenly rounded, with a dorsal median
groove between two keels, neither the 4th segment nor the keels
serrate.

Side-plate 1 shallower than the other side-plates, narrowed below to
subacute apex, 2-4 subequal in depth, rounded below, 2 straight, 3
and 4 slightly curved backwards, hind margins concave, posterior lobe
of 5 equal in depth to 4, anterior lobe = depth of posterior lobe, 7
slightly larger than 6. Pleon segment 3 with postero-inferior angles
rounded.

Telson ovate, cleft nearly to base, apices subacute, each with a
setule.

First antenna, Ist joint oblong, twice length of 2nd, 3rd half length
of 2nd, flagellum not quite equal to 1st joint, 4-jointed.

Second antenna, Ist-3rd joints short and broad, 4th nearly twice
length of lst-3rd together and rather broader, the inferior margin

14 Annals of the South African Museum.

convex and setose, 5th nearly equal to width of 3rd, but narrower than
4th, flagellum equal to 5th joint, 3-joimted, 2nd and 3rd joints minute.

Lower lip, outer lobes apically subacute, with a small incurved
apical point, inner lobes well-developed, mandibular process obsolete.

Mandibles stout, triangular, strongly calcified, cutting-edge blunt,
secondary cutting-edge a small but stout lamella, acute in the one
mandible and bifid in the other, no spine-row, molar blunt.

First maxilla, inner plate apically obtuse, inner apex with 1 seta,
outer plate with ca. 7 spines, palp stout, 2nd joint slightly longer than
1st and tipped with 3 setae.

Second maxilla, plates fused at base, inner plate not much broader
than outer, slightly curved outwards, apex rounded, with 5 setae on
apex and distal inner margin, outer plate a good deal longer than
inner, curved inwards, apex rounded and setose, 1 seta on distal outer
margin.

Maxilliped, outer plate reaching to end of 2nd joint of palp, inner
margin with stout spine-setae, 4th joint of palp very small.

First enathopod, 5th joimt not quite as long as 6th, inferior margin
with 4 setae, 6th distinctly longer than wide, palm transverse, slightly
convex, defined by 5 spines, finger equal to palm, with accessory tooth
at base of unguis.

Second gnathopod similar but more slender, 2nd joint not constricted
proximally, 5th not longer than 6th.

First and second peraeopods, 4th joint longer than 6th which is
longer than 5th, hind margin of 5th with 6 long spines, increasing in
length distally, 6th with 4 spinules on distal hind margin.

Third peraeopod, 2nd joint rhomboidal, anterior margin more
expanded distally, proximally straight and setulose, distally rounded,
smooth, hind margin with the angular projection in the middle,
apically subacute, margin above straight, margin below concave, 4th
ovate, shorter than 6th which is slender, finger also slender.

Fourth peraeopod, 2nd joint expanded, a little longer than broad,
hind margin evenly rounded, 4th with stout plumose setae, finger and
unguis slightly curved.

Fifth peraeopod, 2nd joint longer than broad, widest proximally,
distally narrowing, 4th and 5th joints with stout plumose setae, 6th
slender, unarmed, finger and unguis straight.

First and second uropods, outer ramus longer than inner, with
3 marginal spines in Ist uropod, apices of rami of both uropods with
1 large and 2 small spines.

Third uropod, rami rather broader than in Ist and 2nd uropods,
subequal, unarmed.

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 215

Length: 2°5 mm.

Colour: Dull yellowish, peraeon segments 6 and 7 and pleon
segment 1 bright orange.

Locality : Sea Point, near Cape Town. 26/2/14. (K.H.B.) 9 2,
some ovigerous. (S.A.M. No. A2936.)

Geogr. Distribution: Brittany (Chevreux) ; Ceylon (Walker).

The differences between these and Walker's Ceylon specimens
are to be found in the Ist side-plates, 2nd and 4th joints of peraeopod
3 and the plumose setae on peraepods 4 and 5.

Walker does not specially mention the 2nd maxilla, but says the
mouth-parts “seem to agree with Della Valle’s figures.” In the
South African specimens the 2nd maxilla is very different from Della
Valle’s figure, the inner plate being relatively smaller.

These small differences, however, are scarcely important enough to
separate the Ceylon and South African specimens.

Famity TALITRIDAE.

1813/14. Orchestidae Leach, Edinb. Eneyel. vol. 7, p. 432.

1857. Subfam. Talitrint Costa, Mem. Acc. Napoli, vol. 1, p. 173.
1906. Talitridae Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, pp. 523, 735.
TO: - id. Gen. Cat. S.A. Crust. p. 458.

1910. a Kunkel, Tr. Conn. Ac. Sci. vol. 16, p. 61.

Among the representatives of this family in South Africa is Orchestia
bottae, recorded by Krauss and retained in the General Catalogue by
Stebbing. It is almost certain that Krauss was wrong in his identi-
fication, but as I have not been able to see his specimens I cannot
throw any further light on this species. From the habitat given by
Krauss, ‘‘in algae on the coast,” one would suspect it to be a species
of Hyale. (See Parorchestia dassenensis infra.)

Gren. TALORCHESTIA Dana.

1853. Subgen. Talorchestia Dana, Amer. J. Sci. ser. 2, vol. 14, p. 310.
1906 Talorchestia Stebbing, Lc. pp. 543, 735 (references).
1914. - Tattersall, Rec. Ind. Mus. vol. 8, pt. 5, p. 449.

Bate’s South African species 7. africana still remains rather
doubtful owing to the elusiveness of the male. H. W. Bell-Marley,
Esq.; of Durban, has so far been unable to find this sex, though he
has forwarded several females to Mr. Stebbing and to this Museum.

216 Annals of the South African Museum.

TALORCHESTIA CAPENSIS (Dana).

1853. Orchestia capensis Dana, U.S. Expl. Exp. vol. 13, 2, p. 866,
pl. 58, figs 8a, b.

1862. BS rs Bate, Cat. Amphip. Brit. Mus. p. 23, pl. 4,
fig. 2.

1893. es Della Valle, F. u. Fl. Neapel, vol. 20, p. 506,
pl. 57, fig. 69.

1906. - a Stebbing l.c. p. 537.

1910. . wi id. Gen. Cat. S.A. Crust. p. 458.

The female of this species has hitherto remained undescribed.

Female. First antenna, Ist joint widest and longest, 3rd not much
larger than Ist flagellar joint, flagellum shorter than peduncle, 5-
jointed, both peduncle and flagellum very sparsely spinose.

Second antenna, ultimate peduncular joint not twice as long as
penultimate, flagellum not as long as peduncle, 13-jointed, peduncle
and flagellum very sparsely spinose.

First gnathopod simple, although the inner apical angle of 6th joint
is distinct, finger a little shorter than width of 6th, stout, unguis half
length of finger.

Second gnathopod, 2nd joint not strongly expanded on anterior
margin, apical process of 6th rounded, but not at ail curved upwards.

The following details apply to both sexes :

First maxilla, inner plate with 2 plumose setae, outer plate with 9
spines. Remaining mouth-parts as described below for T. quadri-
spinosa.

Second peraeopod, 7th joint oblong, with a sudden constriction near
apex, Inner margin proximal to the constriction bisinuate and slightly
concave, unguis 4 length of finger.

Third and fourth peraeopods, hind margin of 2nd joint with shght
setiferous indents.

Fifth peraeopod, hind margin of 2nd joint slightly crenulate and
bearing on distal portion long setae.

First and second uropods, rami subequal, much shorter than
peduncle in Ist, a little longer than peduncle in 2nd uropod.

Third uropod, ramus and peduncle subequal.

Telson rounded, with small apical incision, strongly spinose.

In the male the finger of the 2nd gnathopod has a semicircular
incision at base of inner margin for the reception of the tubercle on
palm.

In a specimen 15 mm. long the palm of 2nd gnathopod has only a
very slight indication of the concavity characteristic of the adult ¢;

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 217

in one 18 mm. long there is a small but deep notch just proximal to
the tooth near the hinge.

Length: § 22 mm., ? 18 mm.

Colour : Whitish, eyes black.

Locality : Lambert’s Bay, Clanwilliam Diy. February, 1898. (R.
Pattison.) 19,2 2? 2 ; Kommetje (Atlantic coast, Cape Peninsula).
1897. (Dr. W. F. Purcell.) ¢ ¢; Atlantic Coast, near Cape of Good
Hope. 29/9/13. (K.H.B.) ¢ go, 2 2 and young. (S.A.M. Nos. 10018,
A255, and A2532 respectively.)

TALORCHESTIA QUADRISPINOSA Nn. Sp.
(Plate XXVII. Figs. 29-32.)

1836. Orchestia fischerii Guerin, Iconogr. ou Regne Anim. pl. 26, fig. 3,
and 1845. Explication des Planches,
p. 22. (mon M. Edwards. ? 1828 and
1830.)

1910. Orchestoidea ,, Stebbing, Gen. Cat. S.A. Crust. p. 459. (non
M. Edwards. )

Bearing a strong superficial likeness to Orchestoidea fischerii
(M. Edw.)

Body broadly rounded, not compressed. Eyes subrotund, their
distance apart dorsally equal to or less than their greatest diameter.
Anterior lobe of 5th side-plate as deep as 4th side-plate, length of 5th
not greater than that of two peraeon segments.

Pleon segments 1 and 2 each with 2 (not 3 as in M. Edwards’
species) medio-dorsal upstanding spines in adult ¢, obscure in im-
mature males, segment 3 with 2 very obscure tubercles, pleon unarmed
in 2, segments 4 and 5 not scabrous (as they are in O. fischerii
M. Edw.), postero-inferior angle of 3 quadrate, acutely but slightly
produced.

Telson about as broad as long, apex with a very shallow emargination
in the adult only, in immature specimens apex subacute, upper surface
with numerous spines.

First antenna, Ist and 2nd joints subequal, 5rd a little longer,
flagellum equal to 3rd joint, 6-jointed in ¢,5 in 92, reaching just
beyond end of penultimate peduncular joint of 2nd antenna.

Second antenna, ultimate joint equal to penultimate plus antepen-
ultimate, which are subequal, all three joints spinose, penultimate
with 2 transverse rows of spines on dorsal surface as well as an apical

15

218 Annals of the South African Museum.

circlet, flagellum barely as long as peduncle, ca. 21-jointed in ¢, ca. 17
1m Os.

Upper lip, distal margin strongly convex and setose.

Lower lip, lobes short, broad, apically truncate, inner apical angle
rounded, setose.

Mandible, cutting-edge with 2 large and 5 small teeth, secondary
cutting-edge in left 5-dentate, in right 3-dentate, spine-row with ca. 5
spines.

First maxilla, inner plate with 3 plumose setae, outer plate with
9 spines.

Second maxilla, inner plate shorter and narrower than outer, more
pointed apically, with a large stout plumose seta at junction of inner
and apical margins.

Maxilliped, inner plate with 3 blunt teeth on truncate apex, outer
plate not extending very much beyond inner plate (to middle of 2nd
joint of palp), 4th joint of palp quite obsolete.

First gnathopod in 4, 4th joint without apical process, 5th longer
than 6th, with pellucid apical lobe, 6th not widening much distally,
subchelate, inner apex with a rounded lobe, finger (excluding unguis)
reaching to end of this lobe, with 2 setules on its inner apex,
unguis unusually long, as long as finger; in 2, 2nd joint wider than
in ¢, 5th without apical lobe, 6th simple, slightly tapering, finger and
unguis asin ¢.

Second gnathopod in @, 6th joint large, cordiform, hind margin
short, bearing spines at equal distances apart, a very small defining
tubercle, first portion of palm evenly convex and bearing spines as on
the hind margin, the distal portion of palm concave, smooth, with a
strong triangular tooth, spinuliferous at its apex, situate near the
hinge, finger as long as palm, curved, inner margin slightly emarginate
at the base; in 9, 2nd joint rather strongly expanded on anterior
margin (half as long again as broad), 4th in the Dassen Island
specimens apically produced downwards asa narrow subacute lobe, 5th
broader proximally than distally and equal to 6th joint including its
apical process, which is rounded and slightly curved upwards, finger
and curved unguis very short.

Second peraeopod, 7th joint sharply constricted, but its appearance
is better described as having a tubercle in middle of inner margin,
unguis long but not equal to 7th.

Third peraeopod, 2nd joint expanded, rather broader than long,
hind margin evenly convex, setuliferous, 7th slender, unguis not equal
to 7th.

Fourth peraeopod in ¢ very long, 2nd joint enormously expanded,

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 219

not regularly oval but widest proximally, where it extends upwards as
a rounded lobe, narrowing gradually distally to almost normal width,
postero-inferior angle rounded, not extending beyond middle of 3rd,
hind margin setuliferous, 4th and 5th joints not expanded, 6th longer
than 5th and equal to anterior margin of 2nd, slender, curved; 7th
slender, unguis 3 length of 7th; in 2 not remarkably long, 2nd
expanded, oval a little longer than broad; hind margin evenly convex,
setuliferous ; 6th equal to 2nd, slender, straight.

Fifth peraeopod in f reaching only to the end of 5th joint of
peraeopod 4, 2nd joint strongly expanded, upper posterior angle sub-
quadrate, not produced upwards, width greatest distally, postero-
inferior angle rounded, inferior margin transverse, hind and inferior
margins crenulate and spinulose, 4th and 5th joints not expanded,
6th equal to 2nd, straight; in ? nearly as long as peraeopod 4, 2nd
joint expanded similarly to that of peraeopod 4, but as broad as long,
with a subquadrate upper posterior angle, margin crenulate and
setulose.

First and second uropods, rami shorter than peduncle, outer a little
longer than inner in Ist uropod, rami in 2nd subequal, margins of
peduncle and both rami spinose.

Third uropod, ramus a little longer than peduncle, with marginal
and apical spines.

Length ; 22 mm.

Colour : Whitish, eyes dark brown.

Locality : Dassen Island, West and East Coasts of Cape Peninsula.
(Dr. W. F. Purcell, R. M. Lightfoot, and K.H.B.) 966, 2 2 and
young. (S.A.M. Nos. 1256, 1283, A2514, and-A2875.)

(Plate XXVII. Fig. 32.)

A curious form of 2nd gnathopod is found in 2 small ¢ ¢ from
Dassen Island. They measure 10 mm. and show no trace of the
dorsal spines on the pleon or of the expanded 2nd joint of 4th
peraeopod. The Ist gnathopod is as described above. The 2nd
enathopod has the 2nd joint cylindrical and stout but not expanded
asin 2, 4th rounded below, 5th shorter than wide, 6th twice as long
as 5th, wider at base and increasing in width distally, where width
nearly equals the length, palm transverse, rather strongly emarginate,
the emarginate portion either straight or slightly convex, armed with
a few spinules, defining lobe rounded, semipellucid, finger straight,
reaching to base of defining lobe, unguis indistinguishable.

The exact nature of these specimens it is difficult to determine.
The series is not very extensive, and all the Dassen Island specimens

220 Annals of the South African Museum.

were collected at the same time of year, so that we have no idea of
the possible seasonal changes in the two sexes. The hand of the
2nd gnathopods (ordinary form) attains its distinctive shape much
sooner than in 7’. capensis. Hermaphroditism may be the cause of the
present “abnormal” form. A similar specimen with a 2nd gnathopod
approaching the 9 form was found among the specimens of Paror-
chestia tenuis (Dana). (See below.)

TALORCHESTIA AUSTRALIS 0. Sp.
(Plate XXVII. Figs. 33, 34.)

Body not very broad. Eyes round, their distance apart equal to
their diameter. Side-plates not very deep, 2 without a strongly pro-
duced lobe on upper posterior angle, 5 almost as deep as 4, its lobes
subequal in depth, its length equal to 14 segments.

Pleon unarmed, postero-inferior angle of segment 3 quadrate, not
produced. ;

Telson with apical incision, spinose.

First antenna reaching in g to middle, in 9? to end of penultimate
peduncular joint of 2nd antenna, Ist joint a little broader than long,
2nd and 8rd much more slender, 2nd 14 times as long as Ist, 5rd a
little shorter than 2nd, flagellum equal to last two peduncular joints
together, 6-joimted in g,4in @.

Second antenna reaching in g to end of 3rd, in @ to end of 2nd,
peraeon segment, penultimate joint stout, longer than ultimate,
flagellum equal to penultimate joint, 15-jomted in g,183in 2. Both
antennae feebly spinose.

First maxilla, inner plates with 2 plumose setae, outer plate with
9 spines. Remaining mouth-parts as in 7’. quadrispinosa.

First gnathopod in ¢, 5th joint triangular, with a prominent apical
lobe, 6th shorter than 5th, oblong inner apex produced as a subacute
lobe, palm concave, finger reaching to end of lobe, unguis as long as
finger, extending beyond lobe; in @ 6th joint simple, shorter than
5th, 5th and 6th both with a long stout spine, as well as smaller
spines, on inner distal margin, finger and unguis asin ¢.

Second gnathopod in g, 6th joint suboblong, greatest width across
the defining angle, palm nearly transverse, slightly convex, passing
into the slightly shorter hind margin without any prominent angle or
tooth, furnished with spines arranged mostly in pairs, finger match-
ing palm, evenly curved; in 2 2nd joint not expanded on front
margin, 4th with a not very produced apical lobe, 5th broadly lobed,
6th as long as 5th, apical projection rounded, scarcely upturned.

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 2%

i)
_

Second peraeopod, 7th joint with a small tubercle in middle of inner
margin, unguis scarcely half length of 7th.

Third to fifth peraeopods, 2nd joint expanded, its hind margin in
peraeopod 4 nearly straight, in 5 slightly convex, distal part of hind
margin and inferior angle slightly serrulate and spinulose.

First and second uropods, rami respectively shorter and subequal to
peduncle.

Third uropod, ramus subequal to peduncle.

Length: 3 17 mm., 2? 13 mm.

Colour : Whitish, eyes dark brown.

Locality : West and East coasts of the Cape Peninsula. (Dr. W. F.
Purcell and R. M. Lightfoot.) gg, 92 and young. (S.A.M.
Nos. 1527-9, 1284, A2460.)

This species is very like T. brito Stebbing from the North Devon
coast, but possesses certain well-marked features of its own. The 6th
joint of the first gnathopod in g has a narrower process and distal
margin is more strongly concave, the palm of the second gnathopod
in ¢ is more transverse, 2nd antenna in g stouter and telson more
deeply incised and more spinose than in 7’. brito.

TALORCHESTIA ANCHEIDOS N. sp.
(Plate XX VII. Figs. 35, 36.)

Closely allied to the last species. Body not very broad. Eyes sub-
rotund, their distance apart /ess than their diameter. Side-plates not
very deep, 2nd with a strongly produced rounded lobe on upper
posterior angle, 5th as deep as 4th, lobes subequal in depth. Postero-
inferior angle of pleon segment 3 very slightly produced, posterior
margin slightly concave.

Telson with apical incision, spinose.

First antenna reaching to end of penultimate peduncular joint of
2nd antenna, 3rd joint in ¢ longer than 2nd (but not equal to Ist
plus 2nd), in @ equal to 2nd, flagellum nearly equal to 2nd plus 3rd,
6-jointed in 3g, 4-jointed in @?.

Second antenna reaching nearly to end of 3rd peraeon segment in 3,
2nd in ?, ultimate joint longer than penultimate, flagellum equal to
last two peduncular joints together, 17-jointed in 3, 13-jointed
any oes

Mouth-parts as in 7’. quadrispinosa.

First gnathopod in ¢g, 4th joint not expanded, 5th strongly ex-
panded, the lobe broad and rounded, distal margin only slightly con-
cave, 6th shorter than 5th, also strongly expanded, distal margin

222 Annals of the South African Museum.

nearly straight, finger and unguis not reaching apex of lobe (cf. T.
novae-hollandiae Stebb.), numerous scattered spines on the joints; in
2? 6th joint simple, shorter than 5th, both spinose, but without any
specially large spines.

Second gnathopod in &, 2nd joint very similar to that of T. australis
but oval, greatest width just before the middle, whence tapering to
hinge, palm and hind margin forming an almost even curve without
defining tooth or process, palm convex, spinose, finger strongly curved,
a little longer than palm and overlapping the margin atthe end; in ?
2nd joint expanded on front margin, twice as long as wide, 4th not lobed,
5th not very strongly lobed, 6th a little shorter than 5th, apical
projection bluntly rounded.

Second peraeopod, 7th joint with inner margin sinuous, not
constricted.

Third to fifth peraeopods, 2nd joint moderately expanded, its hind
margin in 3rd and 4th peraeopods with minute setuliferous serrations,
in 5th regularly crenulate and setulose.

First uropod, outer ramus with apical spines only.

Length: $ 12°5mm., 2? 10 mm.

Colour: Whitish, eyes dark brown.

Locality: West and East coasts of the Cape Peninsula. (Dr. W. F.
Purcell and R. M. Lightfoot.) ¢ g and 9 9. (S.A.M. Nos. 1260-2.)

This species possesses a Ist gnathopod in ¢ like that of T. novae-
hollandie Stebb. together with a 2nd gnathopod similar to that of
T. brito Stebb. It is distinguished from T. australis by the greater
proximity of the eyes, the 2nd side-plate, the 2nd gnathopod in ¢ and
the finger of 2nd peraeopod. The females of this species and australis
can be distinguished by the 2nd side-plate, the 2nd joint of 2nd
enathopod and absence of large spines on 5th and 6th joints of Ist
enathopod.

The name is compounded of ayxs near, and esos an appearance.

Gen. TALITRIATOR Methuen.
1913. Talitriator Methuen, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1913, pt. 1, p. 109.

In his generic diagnosis Methuen says: ‘‘ Like Talitrus except for the
fifth side-plate. . . .” This refers presumably to the difference in the
size of the lobes, the anterior lobe being much bigger than the posterior
in Talitriator, but only a little bigger in Talitrus (cf. Sars’ figure of
T. locusta in Crust. Norw. vol. 1, pl. 9).

Now Sayce (Proc. Roy. Soc. Vict. vole 22, pt. 1p. 29) pls. lye:
1909) has given detailed descriptions and figures of the two Australian

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Crustacean Fauna of South Africa.

species Talitrus sylvaticus Haswell and T. kershawi Sayce, both of
which possess a 5th side-plate of the same character as Talitriator. In
addition they have the palp of maxilliped 4-jointed, telson longer than
broad, a triangularly expanded 5th joint in Ist gnathopod, and the Ist
antenna only slightly shorter than the peduncle of 2nd antenna.

It seems therefore expedient to transfer the two Australian species
to the present genus, which may be defined as follows :

Like Talitrus, but with anterior lobe of 5th side-plate much larger
than the posterior lobe, 1st antenna only slightly shorter than peduncle
of 2nd antenna, palp of mavxilliped 4-jointed, Ist gnathopod not so
long as 2nd gnathopod and not stronger, 5th joint of Ist gnathopod
distally expanded, 2nd joint of 3rd peraeopod moderately or scarcely
at all expanded, telson longer than broad. Genotype: 1’. eastwoodae
Methuen. Includes also T. sylvaticus (Haswell) and 7. kershawi
(Sayce).

There is, however, one feature which separates 7’. eastwoodae from
both Talitrus and also the two Australian species and to which Methuen
has not drawn attention: namely, the subacute projection on the upper
posterior angle of the 2nd side-plate.

TALITRIATOR EASTWOODAE Methuen.
1913. Taliatriator eastwoodae Methuen, l.c. p. 110, pls. 10, 11.

IT have examined 4 specimens from the original locality in the
Transvaal, kindly presented to the South African Museum by Hon.
P. A. Methuen and labelled by him as “Types.” I find that the
postero-inferior angles of pleon segments 2 and 3 are not quite so
produced as in Methuen’s figure (pl. 11, fig. 12), in fact there is no
produced point on the 2nd at all in two of the specimens. The 2nd
antenna reaches to the end of the 3rd peraeon segment.

There is also in the Museum a considerable number of specimens
from the Cape Peninsula and other districts, all of which I consider
to be specifically the same as eastwoodae. I have also come to the
conclusion that Methuen’s specimens were probably not quite mature.
Needless to say the specimens show a certain amount of variability,
not, however, very great. The size of the adults also varies a little.

The largest specimens measure 16 mm., and in these the 2nd
antenna reaches to the 4th-6th peraeon segment, its flagellum 24—28-
jointed, that of 1st antenna 6-8-jointed, 5th and 6th joints of Ist
gnathopod more elongate than in the Type specimens, the process of
the 6th joint of 2nd gnathopod longer and more pointed and curved
upwards, the upper margin being concave.

224 Annals of the South African Musewm.

Between these large specimens and the Transvaal specimens (and
Cape specimens of the same size as these latter) there is every
gradation in the length of the 2nd antennae and number of flagellar
joints, and the length of 5th and 6th joints of Ist gnathopod and 6th
joint of 2nd gnathopod.

Length : 16 mm.

Colour : Brown, peraeon and pleon segments banded transversely
with reddish, eyes black; in spirit all the colour, except that of the
eyes, fades to whitish.

Locality : Widely distributed. In the Cape Peninsula it is to be
found abundantly in the damp earth and moss near streams and
waterfalls, ranging from near sea-level up to the top of Table
Mountain, 3500 feet. Also: Stellenbosch; Sir Lowry’s Pass; Ceres ;
Wellington ; Clanwilliam Division; Swellendam ; George; Knysna ;
Alexandra Division; Port St. John’s, Pietermaritzburg, Howick, and
Durban, Natal. (Dr. W. F. Purcell, R.M. Lightfoot, K.H.B.) ¢ 6,
2 2 and young.

Methuen records it “from streams,’ The Woodbush, N. Transvaal,
and speaks of it as a “ fresh-water’? Amphipod. So far as my own
experience in the Cape Peninsula and at Stellenbosch goes it does not
occur actually in the streains ; I should describe it as truly terrestrial.

The gaps in the distribution will no doubt be filled up as soon as
the Union has been more thoroughly searched for the smaller inverte-
brates.

Gen. CHILTONIA Stebbing.
1899. Chiltonia Stebbing, Tr. Linn. Soc. Lond. ser. 2, vol. 7, pt. 8,
p- 408.
1901. Hyalella Sayce, Proc. Roy. Soc. Vict. n.s. vol. 13, pt. 2, p. 226.
1902. Chiltonia id. ibid. n.s. vol. 15, pt. 1, p. 47.

1906, 3 Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, pp. 555, 735.
1908. - G. Smith, Proc. Roy. Soc. (B), vol. 80, p. 472.
1909. m id. Naturalist in Tasmania, p. 136.

1909, ‘3 Chilton, Subant. Is. N.Z. p. 644.

Although the following species disagrees with the definition of this
genus in having the Ist and 2nd gnathopods alike in both sexes, the
2nd not enlarged, it seems best to widen the definition of the gents
rather than institute a new one.

CHILTONIA CAPENSIS 0. Sp.
(Plate XXVIT. Figs. 38-40.)

Body rather stout, shiny. Eyes rather large, oval, distance apart

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. DOS

less than their shorter diameter, Side-plates 1—4 increasing in depth,
4 largest, much deeper than 5. Postero-inferior angle of 3rd pleon
segment quadrate, scarcely produced.

Telson entire, subrectangular, distal margin straight, 2-3 minute
setules at the rounded postero-lateral angles.

First antenna, Ist jomt stout, 2nd and 3rd subequal, flagellum in
¢& 7-,in 2 6-jointed.

Second antenna subequal to Ist, ultimate joint a trifle longer than
penultimate. Flagellum in ¢ 7-, in 2 6-jointed.

Upper lip, distal margin evenly rounded.

Mandibles, cutting-edge 4—5-dentate, secondary cutting-edge 3—4-
dentate.

First maxilla, outer plate with 9-10 spines, slightly notched on
outer margin where palp should be, but no trace of a palp, inner plate
with 2 plumose setae.

Maxilliped, the 2 outermost teeth on apex of inner plate large,
4th joint of palp small, conical, ending in a long seta.

First and second gnathopods similar to one another and alike in
both sexes, 2nd and 3rd joints not in the least expanded, 5th distally
fringed with 6-8 setae, 6th nearly twice as long as broad, inferior
margin slightly concave, palm transverse, convex, setulose, defining
angle rounded.

First and second peraeopods, inferior margins of 5th and 6th joints
with 4 and 5 spinules respectively, 6th with 1 apical spine in addition,
7th without constriction, tubercle or setule.

Third and fourth peraeopods, 2nd joint oval, hind margin with very
faint serrations, anterior margin of 6th with 5 pairs of spinules and
1 apical one, hind margin smooth.

Fifth paraeopod, 2nd joint very strongly expanded, as broad as long,
hind margin serrulate, 6th as in 5rd and 4th peraeopods.

None of the peraeopods are strongly spinose, but all are rather
stout, Ist, 2nd, 4th and 5th are subequal and longer than 3rd.

First and second uropods, rami shorter than peduncle, with apical
spines only, except the inner ramus of 2nd, which has 1 marginal
spine, .

Third uropod, short, ovate, 1-jointed, with 1 apical seta.

Length: § 45 mm., 2? 3-4 mm.

Colour: Greenish, eyes black.

Locality: Salt River, Cape Town. October, 1898. (Dr. W. F.
Purcell.) 9 ovigerous? 2 ‘in brackish pool” ; Milnerton, near Cape
Town. 25/10/13. (K.H.B.) ¢ 6 and ovigerous 2? 9. In brack

water, among green weeds. (S.A.M. Nos. A2885 and A2886.)

226 Annals of the South African Museum.

Gren. PARORCHESTIA Stebbing.
1899. Parorchestia Stebbing, Tr. Linn. Soc. Lond. ser. 2, vol. 7, pt. 8,

p. 402.
1906. 2 id. Das Tierreich, 21, pp. 557, 735.
1909. . Chilton, Subant. Is. N.Z. p. 636.

PARORCHESTIA TENUIS (Dana).

1853 and 55. Orcheslia tenuis Dana, U.S. Expl. Exp. vol. 138, 2, p. 872,
Olga) sale

1862. x » Bate, Cat. Amphip. Brit. Mus. p. 29,
pl. 4, fig. 10.
1881. , sylvicola Thomson, Tr. N.Z. Inst. vol. 138, p. 212,

pl. 7, fig. 4 (non Dana).
1884. Allorchestes recens id. ibid. vol. 16, p. 235, pl. 18, figs. 2-5.
1893. Orchestia gammarellus (part) Della Valle, F. ue Fl, Neapel,
vol. 20, p. 501.
1899. Parorchestia tenuis Stebbing, Tr. Linn. Soc. Lond. lc. p. 402.

1906. i 7 id. esp. oad.
1909. “i , Chilton, Subant. Isl. N.Z. p. 642.

Body fairly compressed. Eyes rather large, equal to half the upper
margin of head, circular, almost meeting on the top of the head. Side-
plate 1 smaller than and partly concealed by 2, side-plates 2-4 of
same depthas their segments, with a posterior point above which hind
margin is excavate, inferior margins of 1-4 minutely spinulose, 5 nearly
but not quite as deep as 4. Postero-inferior angle of Ist pleon
segment quadrate with a very small point, of 2nd and 3rd quadrate,
somewhat produced in an acute point, hind margin concave above the
point, perfectly smooth.

Telson rather short, triangular, avery faint apical notch, the only
setae present are 3 on each apex set just within the margin.

First antenna not quite reaching apex of peduncle of 2nd antenna,
Ist, 2nd and 8rd joints subequal, flagellum equal to peduncle, ¢ 7-,
Q 4-jointed.

Second antenna 4 length of body, ultimate joint longer than penulti-
mate, flagellum equal to peduncle, ¢ 14-, 2 7-jointed.

First gnathopod @ exactly resembling Thomson’s figure of his
Allorchestes recens (= Parorchestia tenuis (Dana) ).

Second gnathopod ¢ also in close agreement with that of P. tenwis.
The defining angle is a little more prominent than in Thomson’s
figure, but is not at all tooth-like, and carries one fairly stout spine.

First and second gnathopods 2 also resembling Thomson’s figures

bo
bo
NI

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa.

of A. recens, 4th and 5th joints with the scabrous lobes small in Ist,
but large in 2nd gnathopod.

First and second peraeopods feebly spinulose, 4th and 6th joints
with spinules on both margins, 5th spinulose only on hind margin,
finger with a very minute setule on inner apex.

Third to fifth paraeopods, 2nd joint oval, hind margin with very
slight setiferous serrations, 4th and 6th joints spinulose on both
margins, finger with a very minute setule.

First and second uropods with marginal spines on inner ramus only.

Third uropod, peduncle with 3-4 apical spines, ramus nearly as long
but only half as wide, tipped with 5 setae.

Length: 6 9mm., 2 5-6 mm.

Colour : In spirit, whitish, eyes dark brown.

Locality : Salt River, near Cape Town. October, 1898. (Dr. W. F.
Pureell.) 5 ¢ g, 3 ovigerous ? ? “in brackish pool”; Hast
London. July, 1914. (R. M. Lightfoot.) 326, 2 ovigerous ? 2
“found amongst a number of Valorchestia on the beach.” (S.A.M.
Nos. 10030 and A5053.)

Geogr. Distribution: New Zealand (Dana, Thomson, Chilton) ;
Campbell Island (Chilton).

Thus it will be seen that the only differences between the South
African and the New Zealand specimens lie in the shorter 3rd joint of
the 1st antenna, the larger eyes, and the more prominent defining
angle of the hand of 2nd gnathopod.

As mentioned above under Talorchestia quadrispinosa, there is one
specimen 5 mm. long from Salt River which has a normal ¢ Ist
gnathopod, but a 2nd gnathopod resembling that of the 2. It is,
however, stouter than in the ?, the 6th joint especially being much
broader than inthe °.

PARORCHESTIA DASSENENSIS 0. Sp.
(Plate XXVIIL. Figs. 1, 2.

2? 1843. Orchestia bottae Krauss, Siidafr. Crust. p. 60. (non M.
Edwards 1840.)

Male. Body fairly compressed, back rounded. Eyes fairly large,
round, their distance apart greater than their diameter. Side-plate 1
smaller than and partly concealed by 2, side-plates 2-4 shallower than
their segments and longer than deep, upper half of posterior margin
above posterior angle excavate, 5 as deep as 4. Postero-inferior angle
of pleon segments 1-3 quadrate, with a very shortly produced point,
posterior margin quite smooth.

228 Annals of the South African Museum.

Telson with a very small apical notch, lateral margins very slightly
concave, 2 apical spines on each apex.

First antenna reaching nearly to apex of peduncle of 2nd antenna,
3rd joint a trifle shorter than 2nd, Ist a little shorter than 3rd,
flagellum not quite as long as peduncle, 7-jointed.

Second antenna not half length of body, ultimate and penultimate
joimts subequal, flagellum a little longer than peduncle, 16-jointed.

First gnathopod ¢, 4th joint with a rounded pellucid lobe, 5th
prominently lobed, 6th shorter and narrower than 5th, at least
24 times as long as greatest width, widening slightly towards lower
apex where it is scabrous and pellucid and produced beyond the short
transverse palm as a short rounded lobe, palm with a few setae, finger
matching palm.

Second gnathopod ¢, imner anterior margin of 2nd joint with a
well-marked, straight, apically rounded keel, outer front apex has a
smaller lobe, 3rd with a strong pellucid lobe on anterior margin, 6th
ovate, widest in the middle, palm oblique, spinose, with a fairly deep
but small notch near hinge, and a shallow one near the undefined
junction of palm and hind margin, finger overlapping palm and
tapering to a fine point, inner margin sinuous.

First and second peraeopods not strongly spinous or setose, 4th-6th
joints spinose on both margins, finger with a very minute setule.

Third to fifth peraeopods, 2nd joint increasingly expanded, hind
margin nearly straight, with setiferous serrations, strongest on 5th
peraeopod, postero-inferior angles rounded, in 5th peraeopod reaching
to end of 38rd joint, 4th to 6th joints spinulose on both margins, finger
with minute setule, all three peraeopods more slender than in the
previous species.

First uropod with marginal spines only on inner ramus.

Second uropod with marginal spines on both rami.

Third uropod, peduncle with 2-3 apical spines, ramus a trifle longer
than peduncle, slender, with 3-4 apical setae.

Length: 12 mm.

Colour: In spirit, whitish, eyes black.

. Locality : Dassen Island, West Coast. April,1897. (R. M. Light-
foot.) 2 ¢6,; Hout Bay, Cape Peninsula. 29/12/14. (8. H.
Haughton.) 2 ¢¢. (S.A.M. Nos. A3054 and A8067.)

The specimens which Krauss assigned to Orchestia hottae M. Edw.
may perhaps be referable to this species, though I have not seen
Krauss’ specimens. The description of the 2nd gnathopod of O,
bottae as given by Stebbing in Das Tierreich applies very well to that
of the present species.

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 229

Gen. HYALE Rathke.

1837. Hyale Rathke, Mem. prés. Ac. St. Petersb. vol. 3, p. 377.
1849. Nicaea Nicolet in Gay’s Hist. Chile, vol. 3, p. 237.

1888. Hyale Stebbing, Challeng. Rep. vol. 29, p. 171, ete.

1890. ,, G.O. Sars, Crust. Norw. vol. 1, p. 26.

1906. ,, Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, pp. 559, 735 (references).
USO 55 Chevreux, Bull. Mus. d’ Hist. Nat. Paris, 1907,no.6,p.414.
OOS aa Walker, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. 2, p. 37.
OO R e Kunkel, Tr. Conn. Ac. Sci. vol. 16, p. 72.

NOT. Chevreux, Mém. Soc. Zool. Fr. vol. 23, p. 238.

HYALE MAROUBRAE Stebbing.

1899. Hyale maroubrae Stebbing, Tr. Linn. Soc. Lond. ser. 2, vol. 7,
pt. 8, p. 405, pl. 32c.
1906. an Me id. lie. p. 563.

First gnathopod @, 2nd joint with very slight lobe on anterior apex,
3rd not lobed at all.

Second genathopod 4, distal expansion on 2nd joint with 5 spinu-
iferous indents, 3rd joint also lobed.

Third uropod, ramus shorter than peduncle.

In other respects agreeing with Stebbing’s description. The female,
hitherto unknown, has the gnathopods as follows: Ist gnathopod,
2nd joint slightly lobed on anterior apex, the lobe bearing one setule,
3rd and 4th not lobed, lobe of 5th not extending beyond 4th, setiferous,
6th twice as long as broad, palm transverse, convex, defined by a spine,
margin setose, hind margin with 1 group of setae, finger matching
palm; 2nd gnathopod, similar but a trifle larger.

Length: $ 5mm.,°? 45 mm.

Colour : Claret, eyes black.

Locality: Sea Point, near Cape Town. 26/2/14. (K.H.B.). 6¢¢, .
1 ovigerous ? ; Buffel’s Bay (False Bay). 28/9/13. (K.H.B.).
1g. (S.A.M. Nos. A2883 and A2884.)

Geogr. Distribution : Sydney, New South Wales (Stebbing).

HyYALE saLpAanHa Chilton.
(Plate XXVII. Fig. 37.)
1912. Hyale saldanha Chilton, Tr. Roy. Soc. Edinb. vol. 48, pt. 2,
p- 509, pl. 2, figs. 24-29,
This very common species occurs in several colour varieties according
to the local habitat and the colour of the weeds among which it is

230 Annals of the South African Museum.

found. The ground-colour is slaty, slaty-brown, purplish, claret,
sienna, brownish-green or green, either uniform or speckled and
irrorated. A row of small whitish spots just above the junctions of
the epimera and segments and frequently other smaller whitish spots,
chiefly on the anterior epimera, Sometimes a fawn or yellowish medio-
dorsal stripe runs from the head to the end of the pleon, or there is
one light irregular patch on the 2nd peraeon segment and another on
the 5th. In other specimens the ground-colour is whitish, becoming
yellowish dorsally, each peraeon segment (with its side-plate) and each
pleon segment with a broad dark brownish-black transverse band.
Eyes dark brownish-black. The antennae and posterior limbs of the
same colour as the ground-colour, the gnathopods pale.

It reaches a length of 13 mm. in the ¢ and 12 mm. in the ?.

The lobes on the 2nd and 38rd joints of the Ist and 2nd gnathopods
(of both sexes) are frequently more strongly developed than in Chilton’s
figures,

Besides Table Bay, other localities are: Buffel’s Bay and Kalk Bay
on the Kast side of the Cape Peninsula.

The “Scotia” obtained it at Saldanha Bay in 25 fathoms.

HYALE GRANDICORNIS (Kroyer).

1845. Orchestia grandicornis Kiyer, Naturh. Tidsskr. ser. 2, vol. 1,
p- 292, pl. 1, figs. 2a—n.
1849. Nicaea lucasii Nicolet in Gay’s Hist. Chile, vol. 3, p. 238.
1852. Allorchestes verticillata + peruviana Dana, Proc. Amer. Ac.
vol. 2, pp. 205, 206.
1862. ms verticillatus Bate, Cat. Amph. Brit. Mus. p. 43,
plar(a tise a.
1879. Nicaea novaezealandiae Thomson, Tr. N.Z. Inst. vol. 11, p. 235,
pl. 10, figs. la-f.
1898. Hyale prevostii (part) Della Valle, F. u. Fl. Neapel. vol. 20,
pp. 519, 520.
1906. » grandicornis + novaezealandiae Stebbing, Das Tierreich,
21, pp. 566, 567.
1909. » novaezealandiae Chilton, Subant. Is. N. Zeal. p. 643.
1912. » grandicornis id. Tr. Roy. Soc. Edinb. vol. 48, pt. 2,
p. 508.

Stebbing and Chilton have mentioned the nearness of novae-
zealandiae to grandicornis. A comparison of the South African form
leaves no other course but to unite them. None of the characters

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 231

given by Stebbing in 1906, by which Thomson’s species can be dis-
tinguished from Koyer’s, appear to be constantly correlated. The
degree of approximation of the lobe of the 5th joint of Ist gnathopod
¢ to the apex varies, as does also the expansion of the 2nd joint of
the 2nd gnathopod and the seta on finger of peraeopods 1-5.

The most constantly correlated characters (and even these are not
always found together in the same specimen) appear to be: the
solitary spines on 4th joint of peraeopods 3-5, marginal spines on
both rami of Ist uropod and the 8rd pleon segment with the postero-
inferior angle slightly produced. But solitary spines on 4th joint of
peraeopods 3-5 may occur with spines on only the inner ramus and a
quadrate postero-inferior angle to pleon segment 3. Other combina-
tions of these supposedly distinguishing characters also occur.

The following points about the South African species may be
mentioned: Neither the 2nd nor 38rd joints of Ist gnathopod are lobed,
lobe of 5th projecting a little beyond 4th, furnished with short spines
and longer setae; 2nd joint of 2nd gnathopod with a straight-edged
apically quadrate keel on anterior margin but no projecting rounded
lobe, 3rd with a small lobe, hind margin of 4th joint of peraeopods 3-5
with 4 spines either solitary or each set in a bunch of setae, anterior
margin of 6th with 4 (peraeopod 3) or 5 (peraeopods 4 and 5) spines, all
of the same size and not apically serrulate, each set in a group of setae ;
setule on inner apex of finger varying from very delicate to fairly
strong; hind margin of 2nd joint of peraeopods 3-5 with slight
setuliferous idents, posterior margin in peraeopod 5 rather deeply
excavate between the rounded postero-inferior angle and 3rd joint.

Length: Uptol7 mm. ¢, 14mm. 2.

Colour: Dark reddish or greenish brown, with squarish dorsal
lighter ‘spots.

Locality : Table Bay (Cape Town). (Dr. W. F. Purcell, K.H.B.) ;
False Bay (Buffel’s Bay) and St. James. (K.H.B.); East London.
(R. M. Lightfoot.) g 3, ovigerous 2 2 and young; Port Elizabeth.
February, 1915. (Mrs. Paterson.) (8.A.M. Nos. 1265, A2516, A3051,
A3052, and A3S282.)

Geogr. Distribution: Valparaiso (Kroyer: O. grandicornis, Dana:
A. verticillata) ; Otago, N.Z., Macquarie Is. and the Snares (Thomson
and Chilton : N. novaezealandiae) ; Gough Island (Chilton: H. grandi-
cornis).

Most of the East London specimens belong to the form novae-
zealandiae, but examples of this form occur also among the Cape
Peninsula specimens, which are mostly grandicornis, and vice versi.
Specimens which are intermediate and combine the characters of the

bo

32 Annals of the South African Museum.

two forms are found chiefly in the Cape series, but would probably
also be found at East London if a larger series was collected.

HYALE DIASTOMA Ni. sp.
(Plate XXVIII. Fig. 3.)

¢. Body somewhat iridescent, dorsally rounded. Eyes moderate,
subcircular. Side-plate 1 not greatly widened below. Postero-inferior
angle of 3rd pleon segment quadrate, not produced, posterior margin
with 3-4 very slight serrations. Telson, lobes oblong, apically
rounded-truncate.

First antenna reaching beyond peduncle of 2nd antenna, 2nd and
3rd joints subequal, flagellum 12-jointed, with not very dense whorls
of short setae.

Second antenna stout, nearly half length of body, ultimate joint
longer than penultimate, flagellum 14-jointed, with dense whorls of
long setae (denser and longer on lower surface).

First gnathopod ¢, 2nd joint proximally narrow, distally greatly
widening but front apex only feebly lobed, 5rd not lobed, inferior
margin of 4th straight, lobe of 5th not apical and not extending
beyond 4th, setose along whole margin, 6th oblong, inferior margin
distally setose, palm a little oblique, defined by 2 spines, setose, finger
matching palm.

Second gnathopod ¢, 2nd joint with a well-developed rounded lobe
on front apex, 5rd not lobed, 6th shortly oblong, palm nearly trans-
verse, sinuous—.e., concave near hinge and defining angle, convex in
middle, defining angle shortly produced, with 2 spines, finger stout,
curved, inner margin sinuous like the palm, concave proximally and
distally, convex in middle, so that when finger is closed a more or less
circular loophole is left at base of finger.

First to fifth peraeopods, finger distinctly denticulate, seta on inner
apex stout, hind margin of 6th joimt of peraepods 4 and 5 smooth,
inner margin without serrate spines, hind margin of 2nd joint in
peraeopods 3 and 4 smooth, in peraeopod 5 with a few widely spaced
setuliferous indents.

First uropod, 1 marginal spine on outer ramus near apex and | near
apex and | in middle on inner ramus.

Third uropod, peduncle and ramus subequal.

Length: 7 mm.

Colour: Claret, eyes black.

Locality : Sea Pomt, near Cape Town. 13/4/14. (K.H.B.) 4 ¢ 2.
The ? has not yet been recognised. (S.A.M. No. A3039.)

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa.

bho
2
fos)

HYALE INYACKA 0. sp.
(Plate XXVIII. Fig. 4.)

Body not very shiny, dorsaily rounded. Eyes elongate-oblong.
Side-plates not deep, 1 widened beluw. Postero-inferior angle of
3rd _ pleon segment quadrate, not produced, }osterior margin with
4—5 widely spaced and very slight serrations. Telson, lobes oblong,
apically truncate.

First antenna reaching well beyond peduncle of 2nd antenna,
Ist joint equal to 2nd and 3rd together, flagellum longer than
peduncle, 13-jointed.

Second antenna equal to half length of body, ultimate and penul-
timate joints subequal, flagellum longer than peduncle, 24-jointed.

First gnathopod ¢, 2nd joint scarcely expanded on front apex,
3rd not expanded, lobe of 5th broad and apical, setose along whole
margin, 6th wider distally than proximally, palm a little oblique,
setose, 2 defining spines, hind margin with a group of setae shortly
before apex.

Second gnathopod ¢, 2nd joint with a narrow apical expansion,
3rd not lobed, 6th oval, palm oblique, convex, spinose, equal to hind
margin and defined by a small blunt projection bearing I| spine, finger
matching palm.

In 2 gnathopods similar to one another and to Ist gnathopod of
¢, but 2nd joint in both gnathopods with a narrow apical lobe.

First and second peraeopods, hind margin of 6th joint with
3 groups of 1 spine and 2 setae each, apex with 1 short spine and
2-3 setae, finger with short stout spine (not seta) on inner apex
(if finger and unguis be counted together the spine is in middle of
inner margin).

Third to fifth peraeopods, hind margin of 2nd joint setulose and
serrate, faintly on 8rd and 4th peraeopods, more strongly on 5th, hind
margin of 4th with 8 solitary small spines, anterior margin of 6th with
4 pairs of spinules and a fairly stout but not very prominent apical
spine, hind margin of 6th smooth in 3rd peraeopod, with 4 (4th
peraeopod) or 3 (5th peraeopod) groups of 3 unequal spines and an
apical tuft of setae, finger with fairly stout seta, inner margin quite
smooth.

First uropod with marginal spines on both rami.

Third uropod, ramus shorter than peduncle.

Length : 9 mm.

Colour: Pale pinkish, eyes black.

Locality : Inyack Island, Delagoa Bay. October, 1912. (K.H.B.)

16

234 Annals of the South African Museum.

2 ¢ &,1 nonovigerous 2. (S.A.M. No. A2470.) In weed at low-
water.

Very like the northern H. prevostii (M. Edw.), but distinguished by
the serrate hind margin of 2nd joint of peraeopods 3-5 and the more
numerous spines on hind margin of 6th joint of peraeopods 4 and 5.
Chevreux (1900, Rés. Camp. Monaco, vol. 16, pl. 1, fig. 3f) has
figured the 5th peraeopod of an Azores specimen of H. prevostii with
a serrate hind margin to the 2nd joint and a smooth hind margin to
the 6th joint. Della Valle and Sars figure both joints with smooth
hind margins.

HYALE HIRTIPALMA (Dana).

1852. Allorchestes hirtipalma Dana, Pr. Amer. Ac. vol. 2, p. 205.

1853/55. ,, A id. U.S. Expl. Exp. vol. 13, 2, p. 888, pl. 60,
fig. 4.

1862. .; inca Bate, Cat. Amphip. Brit. Mus. p. 40, pl. 6, fig. 7.

1879. Nicaea fimbriata Thomson, Tr. N.Z. Inst. vol. 11, p. 236, pl. 10z,.

fig. 2.

1888. Allorchestes georgianus Pfeffer, Jahrb, Wiss. Anst. Hamb. vol. 5,
p. 77, pl. 1, figs. la—n, 4.

1906. Hyale hirtipalma Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, p. 564.

1909 - Chilton, Subantarct. Is. N. Zeal. vol. 2, p. 643.
193. > ;, ms id. Mitt. Naturh. Mus. Hamb. vol. 30, p. 55.

Chilton includes in the synonymy also H. villosa Smith 1876, and
H. trigonochir Walker 1908. These form the two extremes ; in the
former the 6th joint of the 1st gnathopod does not widen to the palm,
in the latter it widens so much that the palm is at least twice the
length of the hind margin.

As Chilton (1909) remarks, this character is indeed variable, but
appears to be not so much individual as local. Among the Cape
specimens those from Kalk Bay (False Bay) belong to the form
villosa, Whereas those from Buffel’s Bay (also in False Bay) and from
Cape Town in Table Bay have the 6th joint distinctly though not
strongly widened. Amongst the specimens from each locality there
can be detected no variation, except that due to age as mentioned by
Stebbing (1906).

On the other hand, the variation in the brushes of setules on the
lower margin of the flagella of the 2nd antennae appears to be more
individual. In many cases the flagella are practically destitute of
these brushes.

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 935

The 6th joint of the 2nd gnathopod of ¢ is not always as elongate
as represented in Dana’s figure, but the proportion of palm to hind
margin is the same.

First and second gnathopods in both sexes with the 2nd joint but
not the 3rd apically expanded into a rounded lobe.

Length: Up to 10 mm.

Colour : Pale pinkish, brownish or greenish, eyes black.

Locality : Kalk Bay. (Dr. W. F. Purcell.) 7 ¢ gd and 2 9? ; Buffel’s
Bay (False Bay). 29/9/13. (K.H.B.) 96, ovigerous ? 2? and
juv.; Sea Point, near Cape Town. 13/4/14. (K.H.B.) ¢¢ and
ovigerous 29. (S.A.M. Nos. 1269, A3047 and A3049.)

Geogr. Distribution; Chile (Dana); Peru (Bate); New Zealand
(Thomson, Chilton); South Georgia (Pfeffer); Auckland Islands
(Walker, Chilton) ; Kerguelen (Smith: H. villosa).

HyaLE MacropactyLa Stebbing.

1899. Hyale macrodactylus Stebbing, Tr. Linn. Soc. Lond. ser. 2,
vol. 7, pt. 8, p. 404, pl. 31p.
1906. __,, es Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, p. 564, fig. 96.

The form described in 1901 by Chevreux (Mém. Soc. Zool. Fr.
vol. 14, p. 397, figs. 13, 14) from Seychelles seems quite distinct
enough from Stebbing’s form to merit a separate specific name.
Chevreux himself was half inclined to this view. I propose the
name H. Chevreuzi.

The Cape specimens agree well with Stebbing’s descriptions and
figures except that they reach a rather larger size and there is some-
times a very short, but appreciable and well marked, hind margin to
the 6th joint of the 2nd gnathopod of g. The finger also is rather
variable and is scarcely as long as in Stebbing’s specimens.

There is a short upstanding seta on both lobes of the telson.

Length: Up to 8 mm., ovigerous 2 5 mm.

Colour: Pale pinkish or brownish.

Locality: Kalk Bay. (Dr. W. F. Purcell.) ¢ ¢ and 2 ? ; Buffel’s
Bay (False Bay). (K.H.B.) 9, ovigerous 9? 9 and juv.; Sea
Point, near Cape Town. (K.H.B.) ¢ ¢ and ovigerous 2? 2. (S.A.M.
Nos. 1628, A5042-5.)

Geogr. Distribution: St. Thomas, Danish W. Indies; Rio Janeiro
(Stebbing).

256 Annals of the South African Musewm.

Famity AORIDAE.

1899. Aoridae Stebbing, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. 4, p. 211.
1906. — *,; id. Das Tierreich, 21, pp. 585, 736.

1909. 2 Chevreux, Bull. de l’Inst. oc. Monaco, no. 150, p. 5.
1910. es Stebbing, Sci. Res. “ Thetis,” pt. 12, p. 605.

1912. = Pearse, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. vol. 43, p. 372.

Gren. AORA Kroyer.
1845. Aora Kroyer, Naturh. Tidsskr. ser. 2, vol. 1, p. 328.
1888. ,, Stebbing, Challeng. Rep. vol. 29, p. 1072 (Synonymy).
190629 5,0) 1dsLeop: 587.
1910. ,, id. Gen. Cat. S.A. Crust. p. 459.

Aora typica Kroyer.
1845. Aora typica Kroyer, l.c. p. 828, pl. 3, figs. 3a-l.
9062); » Stebbing, Le. p. 587, fig. 101 (Synonymy).
190 4 » Chevreux, Mém. Soc. Zool. Fr. vol. 20, p. 510.
L908. », Stebbing, S.A. Crust. pt. 4, p. 84.
TI09FS » Chilton, Subantaret. Is. N. Zeal. vol. 2, p. 645.
OO ae » Chevreux, Mem. Soc. Zool. Fr. vol. 23, p. 242.
Shia », Chilton, Tr. N.Z. Inst. vol. 43 [1910], p. 565.

The ¢ and ? specimens from South Africa referred to by Stebbing
(1c. 1908, p. 84) are very near to the form described by Stebbing in
1888 as A. kergueleni. The 1st gnathopod in ¢ has no setae on 2nd
joint, nor tooth on anterior margin, 4th joint projects beyond end of
5th, inferior margin of 5th and 6th and apex of 6th with long setae,
finger 3 length of 6th, inner margin feebly serrate. Fifth peraeopods
lost. Rami of 38rd uropod subequal and a little longer than peduncle.
Telson broader than long.

Littoral specimens from Table Bay are similar. The spine on inner
apex of 6th joint of Ist gnathopod of ¢ appears to be usually absent.
Fifth and 6th joints of 2nd gnathopod of g¢ rather narrower than in
Stebbing’s figure of A. kergueleni, nearly 3 times as long as wide.
Peraeopod 3 with 2nd joint tapering distally, hind margin straight
or slightly concave, infero-posterior angle with 1 spine; 2nd joint of
4th peraeopod similar but rather more pyriform; 2nd joint of 5th
peraeopod broadly oval, nearly as broad as long, hind margin convex,
postero-inferior angle with 1 spine.

The peculiar feature of these specimens is the length of the rami of
the 8rd uropod, which are equal to or even insomecases a little shorter

Crustacean Fauna of South A frica. 937

than the peduncle ; both rami have several apical setae but no marginal
spines.

Length: ¢ 7mm., 2? 75 mm.

Colour: Whitish, speckled dorsally with grey in the following
manner: anterior half of the segments with 2 submedian spots,
posterior half with 1 median spot; these spots are square so that they
form a chequered pattern ; a roundish medio-dorsal dark brown spot
on peraeon segments 6 and 7 and pleon segments 1-3, those on the
pleon segments largest and sometimes alone present; two specimens
are white with transverse brown-grey bands, in the one on head,
peraeon segment 6 and pleon segment 1, in the other on head, peraeon
segments and pleon segment 1.

Locality: False Bay (Seal Island, SSE., distant 24 miles). 10
fathoms. 30/10/02. 1 ovigerous 2. s.s. “ Pieter Faure,’ Buffel’s
Bay. 28/9/18. ¢6, 992. (K.H.B.); Table Bay (Sea Point, near
Cape Town). 1913 /14.¢ g, ovigerous ? 2. (K.H.B.); Durban. July,
1915. 1 ¢. (H.W. Bell-Marley.) (S.A.M. Nos. A2871, A2538,
A2896, A3850, etc.)

Geogr. Distribution: N. Atlantic (Kroyer, Sars, ete.) ; Algeria
(Chevreux) ; Azores (Chevreux); 8S. America (Nicolet); Australia
(Haswell); New Zealand (Thomson); Kerguelen Is. (Stebbing) ;
Gambier Archipelago (Chevreux) ; Auckland Is. (Chilton) ; Kermadec
Is. (Chilton).

A smaller form 4-5 mm. (dg ¢ and ovigeous 2 2 ) is found with the
other form at Sea Point and is distinguished by having a large square
dark grey spot on Ist and 2nd pleon segments, instead of the smaller
roundish spots. The inner ramus of the 3rd uropod has only 1 or 2
setae.

Gen. LEMBOS Bate.

1857. Lembos (part) Bate, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 19,
p- 142.

1906. is Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, pp. 594-737.

1909. es Walker, Tr. Linn. Soc. Lond. vol. 12, pt. 4, p. 338.

1910. YF, Stebbing, Gen. Cat. S.A. Crust. p. 460.

LOT. ie Chevreux, Mém. Soc. Zool. Fr. vol. 23, p. 248.

LEMBOS HYPACANTHUS N. Sp.
(Plate XXVIII. Figs. 5-6.)

Body not compressed. Lateral lobes of head not strongly produced,
subacute. Eyes oval. Peraeon segments 3-7 in ¢ each with a strong

238° Annals of the South African Museum.

straight, forwardly directed medio-ventral spine, the spines becoming
smaller posteriorly, on 7th segment nearly obsolete. Side-plate 1
acutely produced forward in both sexes, 2 larger than 3.

Pleon segment 3 with postero-inferior angle rounded quadrate.

Telson as broad as long, with 2-3 setae in each subapical notch.

First antenna longer than 2nd, 2nd joint a trifle longer and much
more slender than Ist, 3rd half the 2nd, flagellum 12-jointed, accessory ~
flagellum equal to first 2 tlagellar joints, 3-jointed, 3rd joint very minute.

Second antenna, gland-cone not very prominent, penultimate and
ultimate joints subequal, flagellum a little shorter than ultimate
joint, 5—6-jointed.

Mouth-parts similar to those of L. kerqueleni Stebbing.

First gnathopod in ¢@, 2nd joint stout, 5th setose on fore and hind
margins, 6th equal to 5th (7.e., along anterior margin) and equally
broad, oblong, palm a little oblique, with a stout spine at the defining
angle and immediately distal to this a spiniform process, a small
tooth near the hinge, hind-margin and especially the fore margin
setose, finger curved, overlapping the spine, serrate on inner margin ;
anterior margin of 5th and 6th joints with a number of small circular
marks, from each of which arises a seta. In 2? not so stout, hind
margin of 5th setose, 6th longer than 5th, oblong, palm transverse,
convex, with a strong spine at defining angle, fore and hind margins
sparsely setose.

Second gnathopod in ¢ smaller than Ist gnathopod, 2nd joint
nearly linear, the distal anterior apex produced as a recurved hook,
5th more elongate than in Ist gnathopod, 6th equal to but narrower
than 5th, narrow-oblong, very slightly tapering, palm transverse, with
a small spine at defining angle, fore and hind margins of 5th and 6th
setose, the setae on fore margin arising from little circular marks as
in Ist gnathopod, finger overlapping palm, serrate on inner margin.
In ¢ similar to ¢@, but 2nd joint without hook-hke projection, 5th
shorter and broader proportionately than 6th, both joints apically
setose on both margins, both not so strongly asin @.

First and second peraeopods not specially setose, 2nd—4th joimts
glandular.

Third. to fifth peraeopods, 2nd joint oval, about twice as long as
broad, 6th joint with 4-5 pairs of spines on anterior margin.

First uropod, peduncle with stout apical spine, inner ramus longer
than peduncle, outer ramus shorter, both with marginal and apical
spines.

Second uropod, rami a little longer than peduncle, outer ramus
shorter than inner.

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 239

Third uropod, rami subequal, scarcely longer than peduncle.

Length: $ 4mm., 2? 55 mm.

Colour: Whitish with grey transverse speckled bands. Eyes
black.

Locality : Sea Point, near Cape Town. 26/2/14. (K.H.B.) 1
5 ovigerous 2? @ and 5 immature; St. James (False Bay). 15/2/14.
(K.H.B.) 2 ¢ 6, 13 ovigerous 9? 9. (S.A.M. Nos. A2898 and
A2958.)

In possessing ventral spines this species approximates to the
Mediterranean species L. spiniventris (Della Valle), although
perhaps this feature is present in other species but has been
overlooked.

The 6th joint of the Ist gnathopod in g is somewhat similar to
that of L. kerqueleni, but the 2nd joint of 2nd gnathopod is not
expanded as in the latter species.

From the other Cape species DL. hirsutipes Stebb. it is easily
distinguished by the Ist gnathopod in both sexes, the hook-like
prominence on 2nd joint of 2nd gnathopod of ¢, and the absence
of setae on the 2nd peraeopod of ¢.

Gen. LEMBOIDES Stebbing.

1895. Lemboides Stebbing, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 6, vol. 16, p. 209.
1906. i id. Le. p, 600.
1910. 53 id. Gen. Cat. S.A. Crust. p. 460.

LEMBOIDES ACANTHIGER 0. Sp.
(Plate XXVIII. Figs. 7, 8.)

The single specimen corresponds fairly well with Haswell’s description
of his Microdeutopus australis (Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. vol. 4, p. 271,
pl. 11, fig. 5), except in two points, namely: the second gnathopod
has the palm of the 6th joint concave, the angle which it makes with
the inferior margin blunt, not produced, and furnished with 1 spine;
the presence of a large forwardly curved spine on ventral surface of
peraeon segments 3 and 4, a small one on segments 5-7, and a small
backwardly directed tubercle on segment 1.

Other features of the present specimen are :

First antenna, 3rd peduncular joint + 2nd, accessory flagellum
equal to 3rd peduncular joint and longer than Ist flagellar joint, 4-
jointed, 1st-3rd joints increasing in size, 4th joint > 3rd.

Mouth-parts, mandibular lobes of lower lip are acute and much

240 Annals of the South African Museum.

longer, mandible with 5 spines in spine row, palp with 35rd joint sub-
equal to 2nd, in its distal half rather suddenly contracted, apex acute,
distal half of inner margin setiferous, outer plate of maxilliped reach-
ing to end of 2nd joint of palp.

First gnathopod, 6th joint with submarginal groups of setae,
inferior margin with 2-8 faint serrations, finger longer than in
Haswell’s figure, inner margin smooth.

First and second peraeopods, finger 5 length of 6th joint.

Postero-lateral angles of 5rd pleon segment quadrate.

Length: 7 mm.

Colour: In spirit, pale pinkish.

Locality: Umvoti River mouth N. by W.+ W., distant 15 miles
(Natal). 56 fathoms. 1 ¢@. s.s. “ Pieter Faure.” 8/1/01. (S.A.M.
No. A176.)

Were it not for the presence of the ventral spines, I should not
hesitate to identify this specimen with Lemboides australis (Haswell).
Thinking that these spines might have been overlooked, I appplied to
Prof. Haswell, who kindly looked through the Crustacea in the
Macleay Museum, Sydney, but failed to find either the type or any
specimens of the species in question. Dr. E. A. Briggs also obliged
me by examining the collection in the Australian Museum, without
any better result. So that one must regard the type of Haswell’s
Microdeutopus australis as in all probability lost, and institute a new
species for the South African form.

LEMBOIDES CRENATIPALMA Nh. sp.
(Plate XXVITE “Wigs. 9; 10.)

Head equal to 1st peraecon segment in 3, to first 2 segments in @.
Eyes oval, situate in the acutely produced antero-lateral angles. Side-
plates 1-3 increasing in size and depth, 1 and 2 narrowed below and
directed forwards, 3 widened below, the antero-inferior angle produced
forwards subacutely, 4 not so long and not quite as deep as 3,
rectangular, postero- and antero-inferior angles rounded, anterior lobe
of 5 scarcely more than half as deep as 4, posterior lobe half as deep
as anterior lobe, 6 bilobed, 7 semicircular, both shallow. In 3? side-
plates similar but not so deep, 2 not narrowed below, and anterior
lobe of 5 nearly as deep as 4. Postero-inferior angle of 3rd pleon
segment rounded. ;

Telson, lateral processes obtuse with a small point, within this a
spine, apex rounded.

First antenna, Ist and 3rd joints subequal, 2nd longer, flagellum

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 241

subequal to peduncle, ca. 17-jointed, accessory flagellum a trifle longer
than 1st flagellar joint, 3-jointed, 2nd longer than Ist, 3rd minute.

Second antenna subequal to Ist antenna, ultimate and penultimate
joints subequal, flagellum about as long as peduncle, ca. 21-jointed.

Upper lip broader than long, distal margin convex, entire.

Lower lip, inner lobes large, mandibular process narrow, subacute.

Mandible, cutting-edge tridentate, each of the teeth more or less
bifid, secondary cutting-edge bidentate, one or both the teeth bifid,
spine-row with 7 spines in the left, 10 in the right, molar rounded,
denticulate, palp nearly twice length of trunk, 3rd joit shorter than
2nd, wider distally than proximally, 2nd with a few setae, 3rd with
numerous setae on apex.

First maxilla, inner plate with 2 unequal apical setae, outer plate
with 10 spines.

Second maxilla, inner plate shorter and narrower than outer, apices
of both rounded.

Maxilliped, inner plate with 3 spines on distal margin, outer plate
extending 3 along 2nd joint of palp, 4th joint of palp ending in a
spine nearly as long as itself.

First gnathopod, in ¢ 2nd joint rhomboidal, very broad, inferior
margin with 5 transverse rows (including the apical one) of very long
setae, 3rd joint more than twice as broad as long, 4th apically acute,
5th a little longer and broader than 2nd, ovoid, inferior margin with
groups of setae, 6th not as long and not quite so broad as 5th, palm
transverse, straight, crenulate, inferior margin convex, crenulate and
ending in a blunt, lobe-like projection, finger reaching a good way
beyond this lobe, inner margin denticulate; in 2 2nd joint linear, 4th
apically truncate, 5th equal to 2nd, obovate, strongly setose, 6th a
little smaller than 5th, ovate, palm and inferior margin forming an
even and strongly convex curve, the palm very minutely denticulate
and defined by a stout spine set just within the margin, finger over-
lapping palm, inner margin denticulate.

Second gnathopod, in ¢ almost as large as first gnathopod, 2nd
joint exceedingly large, width near base almost equal to length, non-
setose, 4th with inferior apex ending in a blunt tooth, beyond which
the apical margin is produced on the inside into a more prominent
tooth, 5th as long as but not nearly as wide as 2nd, inferior margin
setose, 6th shorter and narrower than 5th, inferior margin concave,
setose, ending in a long, stout, subacute tooth, denticulate on its inner
side, palm very short, transverse, with a short, stout, blunt spine at
the base of the large tooth, fincer much overlapping, inner margin
denticulate; in 9 similar to first gnathopod, but rather longer, 5th

242 Annals of the South African Museum.

widening distally more strongly, so that the joint is triangular in shape,
6th longer than 5th, oblong, inferior margin less convex, more strongly
setose, palm shorter, but denticulate and defined by 1 spine, as in first
gnathopod, finger also similar.

In the adult ¢ the 1st and 2nd gnathopods are carried folded trans.
versely across the body, as is the case in Aora typica Kroyer.

First and second peraeopods, 2nd joint not expanded, 4th and 6th
subequal, 5th shorter, 7th } length of 6th, only a few scattered setae
on the joints.

Third peraeopod, 2nd joint twice as long as broad, 5th scarcely more
than } length of 6th, 7th 3 length of 6th, 6th with 3 spines on anterior
margin and 2 on apex.

Fourth and fifth peraeopods much longer than 3rd, 2nd joint
longest, not strongly expanded (1 : 2°5), 6th longer than 4th and twice
5th, sparsely spinose, 7th not } length of 6th.

First and second uropods, outer ramus shorter than imner; third
uropod, rami subequal; both margins and apices of rami of all
3 uropods spinose.

Length: 12 mm.

Colour: In spirit, pale yellowish, eyes reddish.

Locality : Baboon Poimt ENE., distant 13 miles (off Saldanha Bay).
32 fathoms. ¢d, 2 2 (some ovigerous) and juv. ss. ‘“ Pieter
Faure.” 17/3/02. (S.A.M. No. A209.)

Famity PHOTIDAE.

1872 and 76. Photidae (part) Boeck, Skand. Arkt. Amphip. vol. 1,
p. 74, and vol. 2, p. 546.

1906. Photidae Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, pp. 603, 737 (references).

1910. Ss id. Sci. Res. “ Thetis,” pt. 12, p. 608 (references).

1910. - id. Gen. Cat. S.A. Crust. p. 460.

Gen. PHOTIS Kroyer.
1842. Photis Kroyer, Naturh. Tidsskr. vol. 4, p. 155.
1862. Hiscladus Bate & Westwood, Brit. Sess. Crust. vol. 1, p. 411.
1876. Photis Boeck, Le. vol. 2, p..553.
1888. ,, Stebbing, Challenger Rep. vol. 29, p. 1063
1893. ,, Della Valle, F. u. Fl. Neapel. vol. 20, p. 394.
1894. ,, G.O. Sars, Crust. Norw. vol. 1, p..568.
1906. ,, Stebbing, l.c. pp. 605, 738.
1910. ,, id. Sci. Res. “ Thetis ” pt. 12, p. 608.

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 243

PHOTIS LONGICAUDATA (Bate & Westw.).
(Plate XXVIII. Fig. 26.)

1862. Hiscladus longicaudatus Bate & Westwood, Brit. Sess. Crust
vol. 1, p. 412, fig.
1893. Photis reinhardi (part) Della Valle, F. a. FI. Neapel. vol. 20,
p- 395, pl. 3, fig. 3, pl. 10, figs. 1-19.
1894. » longicaudata G. O. Sars, Crust Norw. VOLES euro
pl. 203, fig. 1.

1904. ss i Walker in Herdman’s Ceylon Pearl Fish.
Suppl. Rep. 17, p. 286, pl. 6, fig. 43.

1906. i i Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, p. 608
(synonymy).

1909. - Bs Walker, Tr. Linn. Soc. Lond. vol. 12, pt. 4,
p. 339.

USO As Chevreux, Mém. Soe. Zool. Fr. vol. 23,
p. 249.

The South African form is very close to that from Ceylon, the chief
difference being in the hand of the 2nd gnathopod of the ¢ ; the
tooth near the hinge, which is so prominent in Walker's figure of the
Ceylon specimens, is here absent; but on the contrary the small tooth
at the apex of the excavation, smali in Walker’s figure, is here a large
nodular projection.

For comparison, the following description of the present specimens
is given.

Ocular lobes reaching to the middle of the Ist joint of Ist antenna ;
eyes large, round-oval. Side-plate 1 expanded below, longer than
deep. Postero-inferior angle of 3rd pleon segment rounded. Telson
small, short, apically rounded, without setae.

First antenna, Ist joint stout, shorter than 2nd and subequal to 3rd,
flagellum equal to peduncle, 9-jointed.

Second antenna, ultimate joint longer than penultimate, flagellum a
little longer than ultimate and penultimate joints together, 10-jointed.
Neither antenna densely setose.

Mandible, 2nd joint of palp concave on inner margin.

First maxilla, inner plate with 1 seta, outer plate with 9 spines,
palp with 5 spine-teeth.

Maxilliped, inner plate with 3 apical teeth, inner margin of outer
plate with 5 ovate and 3 elongate spines (the transition gradual).

First gnathopod, 6th joint a trifle longer that 5th (measured along
upper margin) but scarcely as wide, palm very oblique and not defined,

244 Annals of the Seuth African Museum.

finger half 6th joint, stout, inner margin serrate, 5th and 6th joints
setose but not densely; 2 resembling the ¢.

Second gnathopod, lobe of 5th jomt not very prominent, 6th joint
oblong, palm angularly emarginate, defining angle rectangular, slightly
produced, a blunt nodiform tooth just below the apex of the emar-
gination on the inner surface of the palm, a few backwardly directed
serrations near the hinge, finger closing just within the defining angle,
leaving a triangular space, 5th and 6th joints setose but not densely ;
2 similar to ¢ but rather weaker.

All the peraeopods very sparsely setose ; 2nd joint of 3rd peraeopod
broadly oval, narrowing distally.

First uropod, outer ramus a trifle shorter than inner, its outer
margin with 8 spines, outer margin of inner ramus with 6 very fine
setules.

Second uropod, outer ramus shorter than inner, its outer margin
with 3 spines, outer margin of inner ramus with 4 fine spinules, inner
margin with 3 spines. Both rami of 1st and 2nd uropods ending ina
short blunt spine-tooth.

Third uropod, outer ramus equal to peduncle, the apical setae
almost concealing the very small 2nd joint, inner ramus short, bluntly
ovate.

Length : 65 mm.

Colour : In spirit, pale pinkish, deeper on the lst peraeon segment,
antennae ringed with crimson.

Locality : Morewood Cove NW. by N. 2 N., distant 3 miles (Natal).
27 fathoms. 4d and ovigerous 2 9 ; Umhloti River mouth NW.
by W.;N., distant 3 miles (Natal). 25fathoms. ¢ ¢ and ovigerous
2 2 ; Nahoon Point NW. by W., distant 5 miles (near East London).
45 fathoms. 1 g, 1 ovigerous 9° ; off Knysna. 40-47 fathoms. ¢ d
and ovigerous ? 2. s.s. “ Pieter Faure.” 18-19/12/00, 10/7/01, and
11/10/00. (S.A.M. Nos. A199, A200, A8400, and A8856-7.) One
ovigerous 2 was found in a thin semitransparent tube at the base of
a Hydroid.

Geogr. Distribution: Shetland Islands, 2-5 fathoms (Bate &
Westwood); Norway, 30 fathoms -(Sars); France (Chevreux) ;
Naples (Della Valle); Algiers (Chevreux); Ceylon (Walker) ;
Seychelles, 22-34 fathoms (Walker); Wasin, Brit. E. Africa,
10 fathoms (Walker).

PHOTIS LONGIMANUS Walker.

1904. Photis longimanus Walker in Herdman’s Ceylon Pearl Fish.
Suppl. Rep. 17, p. 286, pl. 7, fig. 44.

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. I45,

Ocular lobes much produced (but not so much as in dolichommata),
reaching nearly to middle of Ist joint of Ist antenna. Side-plate 1
scarcely widened below, not longer than deep, rounded antero-inferior
angle not produced forward. Anterior lobe of side-plate 5 as deep
as 4. Postero-lateral angles of 3rd pleon segment rounded.

Telson as long as broad, triangular, a small spine at each postero-
lateral angle, apex between them much produced, forming a little tail
(as in Stebbing’s figure of dolichommata but more produced).

First antenna, Ist and 3rd joints subequal, 2nd longer, flagellum
shorter than peduncle, 8—10-jointed.

Second antenna, 4th and 5th joints subequal, flagellum nearly equal
to 4th plus 5th peduncular joints, 7-8-jointed.

Mandibular palp with 3rd joint longer than Ist, but shorter
than 2nd.

First maxilla, inner plate with 1 seta.

First gnathopod, 2nd joint not distally lobed, 3rd and 4th subequal,
5th a trifle longer than 6th, 6th ovate, narrowing distally, palm not
defined, 4th—6th joints inferiorly setose, 7th ¢ length of 6th, inner
margin distally serrate.

Second gnathopod in g, 2nd joint stout with a large ear-like
rounded lobe on the upper outer surface, beginning just beyond the
middle of the joint and reaching to end of 3rd joint, 3rd with a
rounded lobe on the lower inner surface and projecting horizontally
inwards (the limb being considered in its natural vertical position), 4th
longer than 3rd, 5th triangular, cup-like, very short, upper apex
rounded, setose, lower apex produced in a rounded setose lobe, 6th
longer than 2nd, ovate, palm oblique, shorter than hind margin,
defined by a little spinule and within this a short, blunt, squarish
knob, a prominent triangular tooth in the middle of palm, flanked by
shallow concavities, at base of hind margin a strong, triangular,
pointed tooth set at right angles to the joint and pointing inwards
like the lobe on 3rd joint, finger gently curved, reaching to middle of
hind margin, inner margin distally obscurely serrate; in 2 2nd joint
not very stout, without the distal ear-like lobe, 3rd not lobed internally,
5th not so prominently lobed inferiorly, 6th oblong, palm oblique,
concave, equal to hind margin, defining angle quadrate but not
projecting, a little way witbin the defining angle is a low squarish
knob, palm thence concave with a triangular pointed tooth, finger
matching palm, very obscurely serrate distally.

Third and fourth peraeopods, 2nd joint broadly oval, narrowing
distally, 6th joint with a spine in middle of inner margin and another
at apex.

24.6 Annals of the South African Museum.

Fifth peraeopod, 2nd joint not so broad as in 8rd and 4th peraeopods,
upper posterior angle quadrate.

Third uropod, inner ramus ¢ length of outer, 2nd joint of outer
smaller than inner ramus, with 2 apical setae. All the uropods
without lateral spines or setae, except for one spinule on each peduncle
and ramus in Ist and 2nd uropods.

Length: 6 3mm.; 2 35 mm.

Colour : Yellowish straw colour, 5th peraeon and Ist pleon segments
with a transverse band of brown speckling, side-plates and pleura also
speckled with brown, eyes black.

Locality: Durban Bay. July, 1915. (H. W. Bell-Marley.) 1 ¢,
1 ovigerous 9. (S8.A.M. No. A3869.)

A second and, in my opinion, not quite mature male from the same
locality (S.A.M. No. A3840) is the connecting link between the above
described specimens and Walker’s. Without it one would have been
bound almost to make a new species of these specimens in spite of
their likeness in some characters to Walker’s lonyimanus.

This second male agrees with Walker’s description and figures
except that the lobe of the 5th joint of the 2nd gnathopod is not so
prominent and the hind margin is longer proportionately to the palm
(approaching thus the form of the 9 described above), and the first
of the two palmar teeth is short, blunt and knob-like. The 2nd joint
has the ear-like lobe as described above, but of which Walker makes
no mention.

Another feature is the telson, which agrees with that described
above; Walker says of his specimens “telson ... of the usual
form.’ In the absence of a more definite description, I think this
point need not form a stumbling block, especially as the gnathopods
correspond very closely. When more specimens come to light from
both localities I think that any doubts there may be as to the specific
distinctness of these two forms will vanish.

This male measures 2°75 mm. and possesses a 2nd gnathopod approxi-
mating to that of the 9. Walker’s specimens show the defining
tooth shifting back, 7.e., the reduction of the hind margin at the
expense of the palm, until it is right at the base of the joint, when it
is bent inwards at a right angle to the hand, as in the first ¢ described
above. It is legitimate to suppose that this last infolding of the tooth
and the development of the incurved lobe on 5rd joint occur only at
the last moult and are signs of sexual maturity; they would certainly
form most efficient “ claws ” for holding the female.

The markings of this second male are a little different from that
given above: ground colour as before yellowish, head a little deeper,

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 247

a dark brown medio-dorsal spot on peraeon segment 5 to pleon
segment 2 inclusive, side-plates speckled, eyes black.

Both these forms were received too late to be figured in the present
paper.

Geogr. Distribution : Ceylon (Walker).

PHOTIS DOLICHOMMATA Stebbing.
1910. Photis dolichommata Stebbing, Sci. Res. “ Thetis,” pt. 12, p. 609,
pl. 55z.
Locality: Cape St. Blaize N. by E. distant 73 miles. 125 fathoms,
3 $4, 1 ovigerous 2 and immature specimens. - s.s. ‘ Pieter Faure.”
21/12/99. (S.A.M. No. A3812.)
teogr. Distribution: New South Wales, 50-60 fathoms.

Gen. CHEIRIPHOTIS Walker.

1904. Cheiriphotis Walker in Herdman’s Ceylon Pearl Fish. Suppl.
Rep. 17, p. 288.

1906. Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, p. 737.
1910. Ks id. Sci. Res. “ Thetis,” pt. 12, p. 610.
1910. a id. Gen. Cat. S.A. Crust, p. 461.

Only two species of this genus are so far known: C. megacheles
(Giles) from Ceylon and South Africa, and C. australis Stebbing
1910, from New South Wales. From both of these the following
species is easily separated by the form of the 2nd gnathopods in
the ¢.

CHEIRIPHOTIS DURBANENSIS 0D. sp.

Body slender and somewhat depressed. Antero-lateral angle of
head not greatly produced, occupied by about half of the oval-shaped
eye. Side-plates shallow, the first produced forwards to a subacute
apex. Postero-lateral angle of 3rd pleon segment rounded-quadrate.
Telson broader than long, distal margin concave between the postero-
lateral angles, near both of which there is a small group of setules.

First antenna, Ist and 2nd joints subequal, 3rd shorter, flagellum
6-8-jointed, accessory flagellum 3-jointed, 3rd joint minute.

Second antenna subequal to first, 4th and 5th joints subequal,
flagellum subequal to 5th joint, 6-jointed.

Upper lip slightly bilobed.

Lower lip with the inner lobes larger than the outer, apically
abruptly truncate, the inner and outer apical angles being right
angles, outer lobes obtusely rounded.

248 Annals of the South African Museum.

Mandibles, cutting-edge 4-dentate in left, 5 in right, secondary
cutting-edge in left 4-dentate, in right represented by a stout spiniform
process, spine-row with 7-8 spines, molar minutely denticulate, palp
very large, 2nd joint twice length of Ist, 3rd not quite as long as 2nd,
not enlarged but apically obtuse, setose.

First maxilla, inner plate with 4 setae, outer plate with 11 spines,
2nd joint of palp elongate.

Second maxilla with inner margin of inner plate setose.

Maxilliped as in C. australis Stebb.

First gnathopod similar in both sexes, 6th joint not quite as long
as 5th, ovate, palm slightly convex, passing uninterruptedly into
hind margin, finger matching palm, 5th joint more strongly setose
than 6th.

Second gnathopod in ¢, 2nd joint with a small tooth on anterior
apex, 5th well marked off from 6th inferiorly, but not so well on
anterior margin, 6th large, ovate, palm a little oblique, longer than
hind margin, with 2 strong pointed teeth, that near the hinge being
apically bifid, definmg angle also with a strong pointed tooth, finger
as long as palm, smooth, distally rather strongly curved. In 9
smaller, 2nd joint without tooth on anterior apex, 6th not quite as
long as 2nd, ovate, narrowing distally, palm more oblique than in J,
crenulate, with a blunt tooth, bearing 1 spine in the middle and
another near the hinge, defining angle with a small acute tooth,
finger matching palm, not strongly curved.

First and second peraeopods, 4th jomt somewhat enlarged, 6th
longer than 4th, 7th half length of sixth.

Third to fifth peraeopods increasing in length, 2nd joit broadly
ovate, hind margin entire, with fairly numerous plumose setae,
anterior margin also setose, especially when near the apex, but setae
simple.

First and second uropods with peduncle longer than rami in Ist,
only a little longer in 2nd, rami of both subequal.

Third uropod, peduncle stout, outer ramus subequal to peduncle in
length but considerably narrower, apically spinulose, a 2nd joint not
distinguishable, inner ramus minute, tipped with 1 spinule.

Length: 5 mm.

Colour: White, head yellowish, 4th and 7th peraeon segments and
3rd pleon segment grey, side-plates also speckled with grey, eyes dark
brown.

Locality: Durban Bay Channel. July, 1915. (H.W. Bell-Marley.)
3 66,1 nonovigerous 2,2 juv. (S.A.M. No. A3839.)

As these specimens arrived after the plates accompanying this paper

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 249

had been struck, it is unfortunately impossible to give a figure of this
species, but I hope to do so on a future occasion.

Gren. EURYSTHEUS Bate.
1856. Hurystheus Bate, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 19, p. 143.

1906. a Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, pp. 610, 738 (refer-
ences).

1910. #. id. Sci. Res. “‘ Thetis,” pt. 12, p. 6138.

1910. a id. Gen. Cat. S.A. Crust. p. 460.

1910. n Kunkel, Tr. Conn. Ac. Sci. vol. 16, p. 81.

EURYSTHEUS AFER (Stebbing).
(Plate XXVIII. Fig. 11.)

1888. Gammaropsis afra Stebbing, Challenger Rep. vol. 29, p. 1097,
pl. 11s.
1908. Eurystheus afer id. S.A. Crust. pt. 4, p. 87.
(Non Chilton, Tr. Roy. Soc. Edinb. vol. 48, pt. 2, 1912, p. 510, pl. 2,
figs. 830-34.)

As no figure of the 2nd gnathopod of the ¢ has been published it
seems advisable to give one here, especially since Stebbing (1908) has
made the suggestion that H. atlanticus and E. afer are varieties of the
same species; this suggestion has been more or less endorsed by
Chilton (1912).

From the figure it will be seen that the difference between the 2nd
gnathopods, though not great, is as well marked as that between the
eyes of the two species, and these two characters together seem quite
enough to keep the species separate.

The first gnathopods are alike in both sexes.

The second gnathopod is of the same general shape as in LE.
atlanticus but the palm has a very much shallower excavation near the
lower angle, where there are two teeth and a stout spine (this spine
is present also in EH. atlanticus but has been omitted in Stebbing’s
figure, 1908, l.c. pl. 408) ; also the palm is more even, cut into several
(3-5) rounded lobes, each with secondary crenulations. Second
gnathopod of 2 as in Stebbing’s figure (1888, l.c. pl. 113) but palm
crenulate, not smooth as drawn (the description is correct)

The Challenger specimen was certainly immature as this species
reaches 11mm. in length.

A frequent habitat of this species is in the empty worm tubes

17

250 Annals of the South African Museum.

ramifying through a sponge covering the gastropod Tritoniwm murrayi
(Smith).

EURYSTHEUS IMMINENS N. sp.
(Plate XXVIII. Fig. 12.)

This species may be briefly characterised as follows: Eyes obliquely
oblong; antennae of normal length; Ist gnathopod in ¢ with palm
very oblique, without defining tooth, but with a small spine, entire
but exceedingly finely crenulate, finger matching palm, inner margin
serrulate, in 2 similar; 2nd gnathopod in ¢ very lke that of ZL.
longicornis Walker (1907, Nat. Antarct. Exp. vol. 3, p. 35, pl. 12,
fig. 21) but longer proportionately to breadth (amore lke that of £.
atlanticus), a large spine above the defining tooth, another tooth in
centre of palm, and between this and hinge a tooth larger than either
of the others, all three apically blunt and surrounded by a peilucid
border which is minutely fimbriate, finger matching palm, inner
margin basally convex, smooth, in 2 similar but a small notch above
the defining angle of palm, with a spine in it, palm finely serrate,
finger equalling palm, inner margin finely serrulate.

Telson and uropods as in E. afer.

Length : 65 mm.

Colour: In spirit, pale pinkish.

Locality : Morewood Cove NW. by N.? N., distant 3 miles (Natal
coast). 27 fathoms. 1 @, 2 ovigerous ? 9. s.s. “ Pieter Faure.”
19/12/00. (S.A.M. No. A2778.)

Closely resembling H. afer in most characters, but agreemg with
E. longicornis as regards the 2nd guathopod. Distinguished from the
latter by the absence of very long antennae and by the characters of
the telson and uropods. It cannot be denied that the four Southern
species H. atlanticus, afer, longicornis and imminens are very closely
allied, and it is quite possible that intermediate forms may crop up.
which will necessitate uniting them all under one name.

It also resembles H. dentatus (Chevreux) in the form of the 2nd
gnathopod of ¢, but the differently shaped eye, the entire Ist side-plate
and absence of teeth on the pleon serve to distinguish it.

EURYSTHEUS SEMIDENTATUS Nn. Sp.
(Plate XXVIII. Figs. 13, 14.)

Lateral angles of head not much produced, obtuse. Eyes small,
horizontally oval. Inferior margin of side-plates 1-3 setose, but not

rustacean Fauna of South rica.
Crustacean Fauna of South A

serrate or crenulate. Pleon segment 4 with 3 small dorsal teeth, the
median one less prominent than the subdorsal ones, pleon segment 5
with 2 small subdorsal teeth, a seta in the angle of each tooth.
Postero-inferior angle of pleon segment 5 with a small point, margin
bulging above.

Telson with apex straight or shghtly emarginate, a spine at both the
lateral angles.

First antenna, Ist joint 2 2nd and equal to 3rd, flagellum not quite
equal to peduncle, accessory flagellum 7-jointed.

Second antenna equal to first, ultimate and penultimate joints
equal, flagellum shorter than peduncle. Both antennae fringed with
long setae on lower margin.

First gnathopod, 5th joint as wide as and a little longer than
6th, the hind margin and palm of the latter forming one continuous
curve.

Second gnathopodin ¢, 6thjointvery large, palma littleoblique, finel
hirsute, defined bya small acute tooth, followed by another similar tooth,
middle of palm with a low rounded convexity, a squarish, denticulate
tooth near the hinge, finger closing within defining tooth, tapering
evenly, not strongly curved; in 2 6th smaller and much narrower in
proportion to length than in 4, defining tooth rather stout, near it is
an elongate but very stout spine, near hinge a squarish tooth, finger
overlapping defining tooth.

Third peraeopod, 2nd joint broadly oval, hind-margin setose and
slightly serrate.

Fourth and fifth peraeopods subequal, larger than 5rd, 2nd joint
half as long again as broad, postero-inferior angle quadrate, not
produced, hind margin straight, in ¢ strongly, in 2 slightly serrate.

Third uropod, peduncle with 3 stout apical spines, inner ramus
smaller than outer.

Length: g 4mm., 2 6 mm.

Colour : Whitish witha series of grey-brown lateral spots, 1 on each
segment above the junction of side-plates, back and 2nd joint of the
gnathopods and peraeopods speckled with grey, distal joints of
peraeopods speckled and banded with grey, eyes black.

Locality : Buffel’s Bay (False Bay). 28/9/13 and 1/5/15. (K.H.B.)
1 g, 5 ovigerous 2? ?, and 3 gg, 1 ovigerous 2. (S.A.M. Nos.
A2956 and A3286.)

This species is near HL. dentatus (Chevreux), (Rés. Camp. Monaco,
vol. 16, p. 93, pl. 12, fig. 1), but the side-plates are not dentate, the
palm of 2nd gnathopod in ¢ has an additional tooth, and the eye is
smaller and horizontal.

252 Annals of the South African Museum.

Both dentatus and semidentatus are distinguished from thompsoni
Walker (Proc. Liverp. Biol. Soc. vol. 12, p. 283, pl. 16, figs. 3-6) by
having 3 teeth on pleon segment 4, instead of 2 as in the latter species,
and also by the 2nd gnathopod.

The 2nd gnathopod of 2? bears some resemblance to that of E.
thomsoni (Stebb.), but that of the ¢ is rather different so far as can
be judged from Stebbing’s description (Sci. Res. ‘‘ Thetis,” pt. 12, p.614,
1910). It is compared with the 2nd gnathopod of Elasmoides chev-
reuxt Stebb., but such a comparison will not hold good for the present

"species.

Gen, CHEVALIA Walker.

1904. Chevalia Walker in Herdman’s Ceyl. Pearl Fish. Suppl. Rep.
17,p. 288.

1906. 4s Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, p. 737.

1912. Ms Pearse, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. vol. 438 [1913], p. 374.

CHEVALIA AVICULAE Walker.

1904. Chevalia aviculae Walker, lc. p. 288, pls. 7, 8, fig. 50.

1906, # . Stebbing, l.c. p. 737.
1909. = zs Walker, Tr. Linn. Soc. Lond. vol. 12, pt. 4,
p- 341.

These specimens agree with Walker’s description. The 6th joint
of the 2nd gnathopod is twice as long as the 5th, the palm is finely
crenulate and the defining angle is not quite so prominent as in
Walker’s figure. The uropods and telson are exactly as Walker
figures them.

Length: 5 mm.

Colour: In spirit, whitish, eyes reddish-brown.

Locality : Cape St. Blaize N. by E., distant 73 miles. 125 fathoms.
8 specimens, apparently all dg. s.s. “ Pieter Faure.” 21/12/99.
(S.A.M. No. A8813.)

Geogr. Distribution : Ceylon ; Seychelles, 22-26 fathoms ( Walker.)

Famiry AMPITHOIDAE.

1899. Amphithoidae Stebbing, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. 4,
p. 2.

1906. Ampithoidae id. Das Tierreich, 21, pp. 631, 738.

1910. x id. Gen. Cat. S.A. Crust. p. 462.

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 253
Gen. AMPITHOE Leach.
1813/14. Ampithoe Leach, Edinb. Enceycl. vol. 7, pp. 403, 432.
1910. A Stebbing, l.c. p. 462.
1910. Amphithoe Kunkel, Tr. Conn. Ac. Sci. vol. 16, p. 87.
OE a3 Briiggen, Ann. Mus. Zool. St. Petersb. vol. 12, p. 481.

AMPITHOE VAILLANTII (Lucas).

1846. Amphithoe vaillantii Lucas, Expl. Algérie An. Artic. vol. 1, p. 54,
Crust. pl. 5, fig. 3.

1880. x erythraew Kossmann, Reise Roth. Meer. vol 2, pt. 1,
p. 154, pl. 14, figs. 12, 138.

1893. fe rubricata Della Valle, F. u. Fl. Neapel. vol. 20, p. 456,
pl. 2, fig. 2, pl. 18, figs. 1-17, pl. 57,
figs. 25,26 (non Montagu).

1900. -. vaillanti Chevreux, Rés. Camp. Monaco, vol. 16,

p. 100.
1901 a - id. Mém. Soc. Zool. Fr. vol. 14, p. 418.
1904. e - Walker in Herdman’s Ceylon Pearl Fish.

Suppl. Rep. 17, p. 291.

1904 . intermedia id. ibid. p. 290, pl. 7, figs. 46.

1905. - - id. in Gardiner’s Fauna Mald. and Laccad.
Archip. p.3on.

1906. 3 vaillantii Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, p. 639. (Re-
ferences and synonyms.)

1907. ss intermedia Chevreux, Mém. Soc. Zool. Fr. vol. 20,
Dalia nics 29.

1909. Ss i Walker, Tr. Linn. Soc. Lond. vol. 12, pt. 4,
p. 341.

1910 a x Stebbing, Gen. Cat. S.A. Crust. p, 462.

1910. a vaillanti Chevreux, Mém. Soe. Zool. Fr. vol. 23,

p. 260, pl. 20, figs. 1-4.

The differences between Lucas’ and Walker’s species appear to be
so slight that there seems to be no necessity for keeping them separate.
Much importance cannot be attached to the absence in Walker’s
description and figures (except 2nd enathopod of ?) of the distal
lobe on the 2nd joint of the 1st and 2nd gnathopods; it is easily
overlooked unless the limb be examined exactly in profile. Chevreux
figures it in both gnathopods of both sexes of his specimens, which he
assigns to intermedia, from the Gambier Archipelago. Nor can the
length of the flagellum of the 2nd antenna of ¢ be counted as a

254 Annals of the South African Museum.

specific character except in conjunction with other and constant
characters. Chevreux in 1900 described it in vaillantii as about equal
to the 2 last peduncular joints, at least 25-jointed ; Walker says that
in intermedia it equals the last peduncular joimt and is 9-jointed.
The South African specimens form a link between these two varieties,
the flagellum being equal to the last peduncular joint and 20-jointed.

The following details refer to the South African specimens :

First and second antennae about equal in length.

First maxilla, inner plate with 3-4 setae.

Second maxilla, outer plate wider than inner, widest at distal
truncate end.

Maxilliped, outer plate with trifid spines along inner margin.

First gnathopod, lobe on apex of 2nd joint very prominent, crenulate
and setose, 6th jomt longer than 5th, tapering slightly distally, palm
not defined from inferior margin except by a stout spine, finger
strongly serrate; there is little difference in the two sexes, in the ¢
the limb is rather longer, 6th joint also proportionately longer.
Inferior margin of the side-plate setulose.

Second gnathopod; lobe on apex of 2nd joint very prominent,
crenulate and setose, 5th and 6th oints in ¢ as in Chevreux’s figure
of intermedia (1c. 1907, fig. 29) but defining tooth broad, almost lobe-
like (see Walker, lc. 1904, p. 291, footnote, where a similar variety
of the Ceylon form is mentioned), the outer margin straight, inner
strongly convex; in 2 6th joint as in Walker’s figure (l.c. 1904), but
palm rather more sinuous; finger in both sexes strongly serrate,
inferior margin of side-plate setulose.

Third uropod, peduncle with 4-5 stout spines on upper apical
margin, inner ramus broader but shorter than outer, apex with 2-4
spines and 4 setae, outer ramus with 2 strong recurved spines, upper
margin very minutely scabrous.

Telson obtusely triangular, with a few setae towards apex, distal
margin convex between 2 small tubercles.

Length: 6 75mm., 2? 9°5.mm.

Colour : Claret or brownish green with a row of whitish irregular
dorsal spots, one on each of peraeon segments 6 and 7 and pleon
segments 1—-3,and a whitish spot in the antero-inferior angle of side-
plates 1-5, flagellum and distal joints of peraeopods whitish, eyes
similar to the ground colour.

The markings correspond with those described by Chevreux for
vaillantii (1c. 1910, p. 260).

Locality: Buffel’s Bay (False Bay). 28/9/18. (K.H.B.) od,
ovigerous ? 9 and young; Sea Point, near Cape Town. 15/11/13.

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 255

(K.H.B.) ¢ 4, ovigerous ? 2 and voung. (S.A.M. Nos. A2519 and
A2895.)

Geogr. Distribution : Mediterranean (Lucas, Della Valle, Chevreux) ;
Portugal (Chevreux); West Coast France and English Channel,
10-12 metres (Chevreux) ; Azores, 5-15 metres (Chevreux) ; Black
Sea (Czerniavski) ; Red Sea (Kossmann); Seychelles (Chevreux) ;
Ceylon, Maldives, Seychelles, Zanzibar, Red Sea (Walker); Tuamotu
and Gambier Archipelago (Chevreux); Algoa Bay, 10 fathoms
(Stebbing.)

Walker’s species A. lobata remains obscure. Of the two features
which are claimed as distinguishing this species from others, the lobe
on apex of 2nd joint of Ist and 2nd gnathopods is present in several
other species, and the supposed tertiary cutting-edge in the mandible
seems to be only the new mandible forming within the old (cf.
Stebbing’s figure of A. flindersi, Challeng. Rep. vol. 29, pl. 118). The
lobe on the third joint of the gnathopods is also stated to be charac-
teristic and is represented in the figures as rather strong, but this is
also the case with the South African specimens of A. vaillantii and
cannot be regarded as a distinguishing character. Walker himself is
inclined to regard his specimens as immature, and the structure of the
mandible confirms him. Iam inclined therefore to regard lobata as
an immature form of vaillantit.

ea ee
rutin Ht “
J

AMPITHOE BREVIPES-(Dana). <<

(Plate XXVIII. Fig. 34.)

1852. Amphithoe brevipes Dana, P. Amer. Ac. vol. 2, p. 216.

1853/55. ,, i id. U.S. Expl. Exp. vol. 13, pt. 2, p. 941,
pl. 64, figs. 5a—n.

? 1853/55. ,, peregrina (juv.) id. ibid. p. 940, pl. 64, figs. 4a—b.

1862. o falklandi (?juv.) Bate, Cat. Amph. Brit. Mus.
p. 237, pl. 41, fig. 6.

1862. brevipes id. ibid. p. 248, pl. 43, fig. 2.

1862. . peregrina, id. ibid. p. 247, pl. 43. fig. 1.

1893. A rubricata (part), Della Valle, F..u. FI. Neapel.

vol. 20, pp. 456, 459.
1906. 3 brevipes Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, p. 637.
1914. 5 , id. Proe. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1914, p. 371.
T have little hesitation in identifying these specimens with Dana's

species, appending however a brief description of them.
Eyes subrotund. Side-plate 1 scarcely produced forwards, 5 largest.

256 Annals of the South African Museum.

Postero-inferior angle of 3rd pleon segment rounded. Antenna | half
length of body, Ist joint largest. Antenna 2 with ultimate pedun-
cular joint scarcely as long as penultimate. Inner plate of Ist maxilla
with 1 seta. Gnathopod 1, 5th joint shorter and broader than 6th,
which is narrow, oblong, inferior margin slightly concave, palm trans-
verse, defining angle quadrate, finger longer than palm. Gnathopod 2,
5th joint cup-shaped, 6th elongate ovate, narrowing distally, palm
concave but otherwise undistinguished from hind margin, a small
rectangular tooth at the finger hinge, palm and hind margin with a
few plumose setae, finger $ length of 6th joint. Neither 2nd nor 8rd
joints of both gnathopods are lobed at distal anterior apex. In 9 Ist
and 2nd gnathopods resemble the lst gnathopod of ¢. Peraeopods |
and 2, 2nd joint strongly expanded, 4th distally lobed. Uropod 3,
peduncle with 2 spines on distal margin, rami subequal in size, outer
ramus with 2 hooked spines and numerous minute serrations on outer
(upper) margin. Telson small, subtriangular, 2 setae between the
lateral points.

Length: 12 mm.

Colour : Pale straw-colour, eyes crimson.

Locality; Buffel’s Bay (False Bay), 28/9/13 and 1/3/15. (K.H.B.)
One juv. and several ¢ ¢ and ovigerous 9? 2. (S.A.M. Nos. A2537
and A3288.)

Geogr. Distribution: Tierra del Fuego, 5 fathoms (Dana); Falkland
Islands (Dana, Stebbing).

AMPITHOE sp. ?

Two specimens from Port Shepstone WNW., distant 23 miles
(Natal). (24 fathoms. .s. “ Pieter Faure.”) (S.A.M. No. 227),
present the following features :

Both antennae lost. Eyes prominent. Inner plate of Ist maxilla
with only one seta.

Side-plate 1 oblong, not produced forwards, 2 oblong, nearly twice
as deep as long, inferior margins of both setulose, with a tuft of longer
setae near the postero-inferior angle.

First gnathopod, 2nd joint with prominent distal lobe, in ¢ 6th
joint longer than 5th, stout, oblong, not tapering distally, palm a little
oblique, defining angle distinct but not prominent, palm sinuous,
concave near defining angle, convex near hinge; in ? 6th joint not
quite so stout, palm a little more oblique ; finger strongly serrate.

Second gnathopod, 2nd joint with prominent distal lobe, in ¢ 6th
rather similar in shape to that of vaillantii but front apex not pro-

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 257

duced beyond base of finger, defining tooth short, and palm not deeply
excavate; in 2 limb resembles Ist gnathopod of ¢@, finger strongly
serrate.

Second joint of Ist and 2nd peraeopods as in A. kergueleni Stebb.

Third uropod, peduncle with 5—6 spines on upper apex, inner ramus
a little larger than outer.

These specimens show a very strong likeness to A. rubricata (Mont.)
and also to A. kergueleni Stebb. The latter however has numerous
setae on the inner plate of Ist maxilla and only 2 spines on apex of
peduncle of 3rd uropod. Until further and better material of the
South African form comes to hand, it is not advisable to assign them
to a particular species. It is possible that kergueleni may be only a
southern form of rubricata, and that transitional forms may later be
discovered.

Gen, GRUBIA Czern.

1868. Grubia Czerniavski, Syezda Russ. Est. Syezda 1. Zool. p. 103.

1888. Stebbing, Challeng. Rep. vol. 29, p. 377.

18938. - Della Valle, F. u. Fl. Neapel, vol. 20, p. 464.

1900. - Chevreux, Bull. Soe. Zool. Fr. vol. 25, no. 5/6, p. 95.

1901. SS id. Mém. Soc. Zool. Fr. vol. 14, p. 422.

1903. ye Walker & Scott in Forbes. Nat. Hist. Sokotra, p. 226.

1905. i Holmes, Bull. U.S. Bur. Fish. vol. 24, p. 510.

1906. ,, Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, pp. 644, 738.

1907. Pp Chevreux, Bull. Mus. d’Hist. Nat. Paris, 1907, no. 6,
p- 417.

1910. - Kunkel, Tr. Conn. Ac. Sei. vol. 16, p. 97.

The International Catalogue No. 7 refers to two new species (Odusi
kelleri and Grubia esa) from Vladivostok described by von der
Briiggen in “ Bull. Ac. Sci. St. Petersb. ser. 6, 1, 1907 (660).” This
reference must have been wrongly quoted as there is no paper on
Amphipods by this author in the volume for 1907. In no, 2 of this
volume, p. 44, however, occurs a notice of v. d. Briiggen’s paper which
appears to have been published in the following year in Ann. Mus.
Zool. St. Petersb. 1907, xii, 4, p. 478. This reference is correctly
quoted in the International Catalogue No. 8, where the new species
are given as Odius kelleri and Amphithoe eoa (v. d. Briiggen writes the
latter, Amphitoe).

I therefore regard Grubia esa as a synonym, or rather a nomen
nudum, of Amphitoe eoa and non-existent as far as the genus Giubia is
concerned.

258 Annals of the South African Museum.

In Proce. U.S. Nat. Mus. vol. 43 [1913], p. 376, Pearse gives a figure
of G. compta Smith (?) and in the text says the specimens differ from
Holmes’ figures (Le. supra): the chief difference apparently being
that the Ist gnathopod is larger than the 2nd. If this is so, the
specimens would seem to belong more properly to Paragrubia Chevreux
1901. I believe, however, that Pearse has accidentally made a shp
and transposed the two limbs, since the so-called “gn, J” and “ gn, gd”
in his figures correspond exactly in relative size as well asin the shapes
of the component joints with the second and first gnathopods respec
tively of an ordinary species of Grubia; ct. for example Chevreux’s
figure of G. hirsuta (1.c. 1900).

GRUBIA AUSTRALIS, 0. sp.

Body robust, dorsally rounded, not compressed. Eyes subrotund,
faimt in colour, situate in the antero-lateral angles of head. Side-
plate 1 produced forwards but not beyond the vertical from the
posterior margin of eye, 1-4 fringed, but not densely, on inferior
margin with long simple setae, anterior lobe of 5 larger and deeper
than any of the preceding. Postero-inferior angle of 5rd pleon seg-
ment bluntly quadrate. :

Telson broader than long, distal margin convex between the sub-
acute lateral angles, a group of 2-3 setae in the middle of the lateral
margin, another group of ca. 6 longer setae near the lateral angles.

First antenna longer than 2nd, reaching to end of peraeon (+ length
of body), Ist and 2nd joints subequal, 3rd 4 2nd, flagellum longer than
peduncle, accessory flagellum very small, 1-jointed, scarcely half length
of Ist flagellar jot, with 2 apical setae.

Second antenna reaching to about 5th peraeon segment, ultimate
and penultimate joints subequal, flagellum a little longer than
peduncle.

Neither antenna strongly setose.

Upper lip broader than long, apical margin convex and setose.

Lower lip, outer lobes shallowly bifid.

Mandibles, cutting-edge 8-dentate, secondary cutting-edge 7-dentate,
spine-row with 6 spines, 2nd and 3rd joints of palp subequal in
length.

First maxilla, inner plate with 6 faintly plumose setae, outer plate
with 10 spines, palp with 9 spine-setae.

Second maxilla, inner plate only half the width of outer.

Maxilliped, outer plate with ca. 17 simple, not serrate, spine-teeth
on inner margin.

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 259

First gnathopod ¢, 2nd joint not apically lobed, inferior margin of
Ath and 5th subequal, anterior margin of 5th as long as 6th, 6th ovate,
palm oblique, straight, slightly concave near the blunt defining angle
which bears a spine, irregularly dentate, hind margin crenulate, both
with long setae, finger slightly overlapping palm, inner margin serru-
late; in ? similar to ¢ but not so large, and palm a little more
convex.

Second gnathopod ¢, 2nd joint not or only very slightly lobed on
front apex, 4th bluntly pointed, setose, inferior margin of 5th equal to
that of 4th, straight, finely crenulate, 6th longer than 5th, ovate, palm
oblique, concave, defining angle not produced, blunt, with a spine in
immature specimens but apparently without in adults, anterior and
hind margins of 5th and 6th densely fringed with very long plumose
setae in the adult, much less setose in immature specimens, finger
stout, tip closing on to surface of defining angle, inner margin serrate ;
in ? similar to ¢ but smaller, inferior margin of 5th not as long as
that of 4th, palm more sinuous, 7.e. convex near hinge, concave only
near defining angle, 5th and 6th joints without the fringe of long
plumose setae, being only sparsely clothed with simple setae which
are most numerous on the inferior margin of the 5th.

First and second peraeopods, 2nd joint not expanded, similar to
those of Amphithoe rubricata (Mont.).

Third peraeopod, 2nd joint not quite as broad as long, hind margin
smooth, anterior margin of 6th with 6 stout spines increasing in
length distally.

Fourth and fifth paraepods, 2nd joint half as long again as broad,
hind margin smooth, anterior margin of 6th with 6 stout spines,
increasing in length distally.

First and second uropods, rami shorter than peduncle, outer a trifle
shorter than inner, both with 4-6 marginal spines, peduncle of Ist
uropod with 1 very strong apical spine.

Third uropod, peduncle with ca. 10 very stout blunt spines on upper
apical margin, rami shorter than peduncle, inner with ca. 6 stout
spines on distal half of upper surface, apex with a group of setae,
outer ramus with 2 stout, blunt spines in middle of upper outer
margin followed by several setae, apex with 2 strong recurved
spines.

Length: g and ovigerous 2, 20 mm., one ovigerous 2? 25 mm.

Colour: Brown or greyish, with lighter spots on back, rather
irregularly arranged but usually one or two on posterior margin of
each peraeon segment, flagella of both antennae and 6th and 7th
joints of the peraeopods whitish, apex of 6th and 7th joints of Ist and

.

260 Annals of the South African Museum.

2nd gnathopods in ? orange-brown, eyes faint, of the same colour as
body.

Locality : Sea Point, near Cape Town. 15 and 29/11/13. (K.H.B.)
36d, 2 2 (with ova and embryos) and immature specimens. (S.A.M.
No. A2894.)

MACROPISTHOPOUS n. g.

Side plate 1-5 weli developed, 5 as deep as 4, with small hind-lobe.
First antenna without accessory flagellum. Outer lobe of lower lip
deeply notched, the outer portion smaller than the inner. Molar well
developed, palp of mandible with 3rd joint shorter than 2nd. First
and second gnathopods similar in both sexes, 6th joint not enlarged,
very feebly chelate. Sixth joint of peraeopods 3-5 not strongly
expanded apically. Fifth peraeopod enormously enlarged, flattened,
oar-like. Rami of 3rd uropod short, outer with 2 hooks. Telson
with the lateral angles nearly apical.

MACROPISTHOPOUS STEBBINGI N. sp.
(Plate XXVIII. Figs. 15-17.)

Body fairly compressed, back rounded, smooth, lateral lobes of head
not prominent, eye round. Side-plates 1-5 ovoid, rounded below,
increasing in length and slightly in depth, a short row of long setae
on postero-inferior angle, 6 shallow, bilobed, 7 shallow, semicircular.

Pleon-segments 1—3 with postero-inferior angles rounded.

Telson triangular, broader than long, apex shortly truncate with a
small tubercle at each angle and 2 large and 2 small setae between
them, | large and 1 small seta in the middle of lateral margin.

First antenna reaching to end of 4th peraeon segment, Ist joint
stouter and a little longer than 2nd, 3rd half 2nd, all 3 joints apically
setose, Ist and 2nd in ¢ with a fairly dense fringe of long plumose
sete on lower margin, flagellum longer than peduncle, ca. 25-joimted
in ¢, ca. 20 in 2, in both sexes with narrow sensory filaments.

Second antenna half as long as Ist, ultimate joint slightly longer
than penultimate, joints stouter in ¢ than in 2, penultimate and
antepenultimate joints in ¢ with dense fringe of long plumose setae
on lower margin, flagellum equal to or a little shorter than peduncle,
13-jointed.

Upper lip broader than long, entire, distal margin setose.

Lower lip, outer lobes deeply notched, the outer portion being
searcely half the size of inner, mandibular processes curved, stout,
apically subacute, inner lobes broad.

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 261

Mandibles, cutting-edge 5-dentate in left, 7 in right, secondary
cutting-edge in left 8-dentate, 9 in right, spine-row with 9 spines,
molar somewhat conical, palp slender, Ist and 2nd joints subequal,
3rd not enlarged, shorter than 2nd, only the 38rd bearing setae, which
form an apical tuft.

First maxilla, inner plate broad with 1 apical seta, outer plate with
10 spines, palp slender, 2nd joint narrow, curved, with apical spinules.

Second maxilla, plates equal in length, inner narrow and more
tapering than outer, its inner margin setose.

Maxilliped lke that of Ampithoe, outer plate reaching to middle of
3rd joint of palp, inner margin with ca. 13 spines.

First gnathopod similar in both sexes, 2nd joint not lobed on
anterior apex, 5th and 6th joints not lobed, cylindrical, their inferior
margins setose, 6th a little longer than Sth, of nearly uniform width,
distal margin between acute inferior apex (“thumb”) and hinge
angularly concave, a row of setae along the thumb, finger a little more
than 4 6th, inner distal margin with 3-4 serrations.

Second gnathopod similar to Ist, but 5th and 6th joints a little
stouter, and inferior margin of 5th is lobed, similar in both sexes.

First and second peraeopods, 2nd joint expanded, ovoid, distal half
wider than proximal, glandular, tapering, finger half length of 6th,
inner margin smooth.

Third peraeopod shorter than Ist and 2nd, 2nd joint ovoid,
narrowing distally, 5th a little shorter than 4th, 6th longer than 4th,
with 3 spines on posterior margin (anterior when in its natural reverted
position) and 2 on posterior apex, finger and unguis short, curved.

Fourth peraeopod longer than 3rd, 2nd joint not greatly expanded,
but stout, half as long again as broad, 4th longer than 5th, 6th subequal!
to 4th, 4 spines on anterior margin and 2 on anterior apex, finger and
unguis moderately curved.

Fifth peraeopod longest, oar-like, all the joints very stout and
expanded, more so in ¢ than 2, 3rd not very expanded but distally
lobed, 5th a little longer than 4th, 6th equal to 4th in ¢, equal to 5th
in 2, considerably narrower than 5th joint, its outer margin with a
subapical and an apical tuft of setae, inner margin with 2 subapical
groups consisting of 1 spine and several setae, and an apical one of
3-4 spines and setae, finger moderately curved; the whole surface
of this peraeopod in both sexes minutely granulate, so that the margins
of the joints appear very finely crenulate.

First uropod, peduncle longer than rami, of which outer is shorter
than inner, 5 marginal spines on outer, 2 on inner ramus, both rami
with 3 apical spines.

262 Annals of the South African Musewm.

Second uropod, peduncle a little longer than rami, outer ramus a little
shorter than inner and distinctly stouter, 5 marginal spines on outer,
3 on inner ramus, both rami with 3 apical spines.

Third uropod reaching a little beyond 2nd uropod, very stout,
peduncle with 4 stout spines on upper distal margin and some setae on
lower distal margin, inner ramus as long as broad, apically truncate,
with 1 large and 1 small stout spine and several setae, outer ramus a
little longer but not quite as wide, with 2 strong recurved apical hooks,
upper margin setulose.

Length: @ 75mm., 2? 7 mm.

Colour : Uniform whitish-yellow, eyes red.

Locality: Buffel’s Bay (False Bay). 29/9/13 and 1/3/15. ?@6,
ovigerous 2 2? and young. (K.H.B.); Port Elizabeth. November,
1914. 2 9 2 with embryos. (FitzSimons). (8.A.M. Nos. A2917,
A8287, and A3035.

I have much pleasure in naming this species after Rev. T. R. R.
Stebbing, who on many occasions has been kind enough to give me the
benefit of his knowledge and experience.

Famity JASSIDAE.
1888. Podoceridae (part) Stebbing, Challeng. Rep. vol. 29, p. 1112.

1893. ‘ ( , ) G. O. Sars, Crust. Norw. vol. 1, p. 577.
1899. Ischyroceridae Stebbing, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. 4,
pacilae

1906. Jassidae id. Das Tierreich, 21, p. 647.
1908. Ischyroceridae Walker, Nat. Antarct. Exp. vol. 3, p. 38.
1910. Jassidae Stebbing, Gen. Cat. 8.A. Crust. p. 462.

Gen. JASSA Leach.

1813/14. Jassa (part) Leach, Edinb. Encyel. vol. 7, p. 433.

1852. Cratophium Dana, Amer. J. Sci. ser. 2, vol. 14, p. 309.
1853. 7 id. U.S. Expl. Exp. vol. 13, pt. 2, pp. 832, 840.
1899. Jassa Stebbing, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. 3, p. 239.
1905. Bruzeliella Norman, ibid. ser. 7, vol. 16, p. 83.

1906. Jassa Stebbing, L.c. pp. 652, 739.

1907. ,, Chevreux, Exp. Antarct. Franc. p. 94.

Jassa FALCATA (Montagu).
1808. Cancer falcatus Montagu, Tr. Linn. Soc. Lond. vol. 9, p. 100,
pl. 5, fig. 2.
1813/14. Jassa pulchella Leach, l.c. p. 433.

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 263

1853. Cratophium validum Dana, lc. p. 841, pl. 56, fig. 2.

1879. Podocerus australis Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. vol. 4
p- 338, pl. 21, fig. 8.

1888. Jassa ingens Pfeffer, Jahrb. Hamb. Anst. vol. 5, p. 151, pl. 3,
jiifee IL

1906. ,, pulchella and falcata Stebbing, Le. pp. 654, 656, 739
(references).

1909. Bruzeliella falcata Walker, Tr. Linn. Soc. Lond. vol. 12, pt. 4,
p. 340.

1909. Jassa pulchella Chilton, Subant. Is. N. Zeal. vol. 2, p. 647.

ONO See f Stebbing, Gen. Cat. S.A. Crust. p. 462.

1911. ,, ~~ faleata Sexton, J. Mar. Biol. Ass. n.s. vol. 9, pt. 2, p. 212,
pl. 3, fig. 10 (side-plate 2 of adult ¢).

AON ae , Chilton, Tr. Roy. Soc. Edinb. vol. 48, pt. 2, p. 511.

1914S ,, stebbing, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1914, p. 371.

The South African form is the same as that described by Dana as
Cratophium validum, having the basal tooth on 6th joint of the
2nd gnathopod of ¢ distally emarginate on outside and apically acute
(see Stebbing, Challeng. Rep. vol. 29, pl. 138). In the ? the projec-
tion just distal to the basal tooth, which bears 3 spines, of 6th joint
of 2nd gnathopod is angular as in Sars’ figure of pusilla, not rounded
as in his figure of falcata.

Side-plate 2 longer than deep, anterior margin scarcely more than
half the posterior margin of side-plate 1, posterior margin not as deep
as anterior margin of side-plate 3, inferior margin in ¢ very slightly
concave, in 2 straight or very slightly convex.

There appears to be only one form present in South Africa corre-
sponding to Sexton’s “Form 2.” ‘“ Form 1” with swollen antennae
and broad hand and thumb has not yet been discovered.

Length ; 4-6 mm.

Colour : Greyish, somewhat mottled dorsally, frequently a darker
grey dorsal patch on peraeon segments 5-7 and also sometimes on the
pleon segments.

Locality: Butfel’s Bay and St. James (False Bay). 29/9/13 and
15/2/14. (K.H.B.) @ 6 and ovigerous ? 2 ; Sea Point, near Cape
Town. 26/2/14 and 13/4/14. (K.H.B.) @o and ovigerous ? 2 ;
Swakopmund. May, 1908. (J. Drury.) 19. (S.A.M. Nos. A2515,
A2904, A2901, A2904, and A2952 respectively.)

Geogr. Distribution: Europe, Mediterranean (Montagu, Sars, Della
Valle, Chevreux) ; Azores (Barrois) ; Rio Janeiro (Dana : C. validuni)
Pt. Jackson (Haswell: P. australis); South Georgia (Pfetfer: P.

264 Annals of the South African Museum.

ingens); 35° 4 §. 18° 37’ E. and Kerguelen Is. (Stebbing: P. fal-
catus); 42° 43' §., 82° 11’ W. and Philippine Islands (Stebbing :
P. validus) New Zealand and neighbouring islands (Thomson and
Chilton) ; Ceylon and Zanzibar (Walker) ; South Orkneys (Chilton) ;
Falkland Islands (Stebbing).

Gren. ISCHYROCERUS Kroyer.
1838. Ischyrocerus Kroyer, Danske Selsk. Afh. vol. 7, pp. 283, 287.

1894. fe G. O. Sars, Crust. Norw. vol. 1, p. 587.
1900. e Chevreux, R¢és. Camp. Monaco, vol. 16, p. 104.
1906. * Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, pp. 657, 759.

IscHYROCERUS ANGUIPES Kroyer.

1838. Ischyrocerus anguipes Kroyer, Danske Selsk. Afh. vol. 7, p. 285,
pl. 5, figs l4a—m.

1894. s +minutus G.O. Sars, Le. pp. 588, 589,
pl. 209, pl. 210, fig. 1.

1906. 3 es Stebbing, le. p. 658. (References and
synonyms. )

1907. e ” von der Briiggen, Ann. Mus. Zool. St.

Petersb. vol. 11 [1906], p. 286.

Body slender in ¢ but rather stout in ?, iridescent. Lateral lobes
of head somewhat obtuse. Eye small, oval. Side-plates 1-4 in-
creasing in depth in 9, 1 narrowed below, 5 rather shallower, in ¢ 2-5
subequal in depth. Postero-lateral angle of 3rd pleon segment
quadrate.

Telson broader than long, margins convex, apically rounded, with
2 submedian apical spines.

First antenna, 38rd joint longer than either 2nd or Ist, flagellum
equal to 3rd joint plus half the 2nd, 5-jointed, accessory flagellum
very small but distinct (in ¢ Ist antenna lost).

Second antenna a little longer than Ist, ultimate joint longer than
penultimate, flagellum equal to or a little longer than ultimate joint,
6-jointed in g,5 in 9.

Mouth-parts as figured for I. anguipes Kroyer by Sars (1c. pl. 209),
but distal margin of upper lip a little more convex and 2nd joint of
mandibular palp comparatively shorter and more angular on inner
margin.

First gnathopod, 4th—6th joints rather slender, 5th elongate, nearly
4 length of 2nd, inferior margin with a rather long but not promi-

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 265

nently projecting lobe, 6th equal to 4th and 5th together, elongate-
oval, palm distinguished from inferior margin only by 2 spines and
by its minute denticulation, inferior margin with 3 spines and several
setae, finger evenly curved, equal to palm; in ? shorter, 5th joint
stouter, inferior margin of 6th with only 1 spine at junction with
palm, otherwise as in ¢.

Second gnathopod, in ¢ elongate, 2nd joint curved, 3rd lobed on
anterior margin, 4th not or scarcely apically produced as in I. anguipes,
5th with a narrow lobe projecting backwards below 4th, 6th elongate,
34 times as long as broad, curved, inferior concave margin nearly
parallel with upper convex margin and bearing long setae, a broad,
truncate, apically bifid and denticulate tooth near the hinge, finger
curved, not quite reaching base of 6th, inner margin near the hinge
with 2 semicircular excavations to receive the bifid tooth on the palm;
in the immature Jf the hand is not so long, inferior margin straight,
not convex, 2 teeth instead of one apically bifid near the hinge, finger
not doubly excavate; in ? similar to lst gnathopod and not larger.

First and second peraeopods as in I. anguipes.

Third to fifth peraeopods not slender, 2nd joint expanded, hind
margin most convex in 5th peraeopod, postero-inferior angles rounded.

First and second uropods, outer ramus shorter than inner, rami
shorter than peduncle in Ist uropod, inner ramus subequal to peduncle
in 2nd uropod, apex of peduncle of 1st with acute spine.

Third uropod reaching very little beyond end of 2nd uropod, rami
very small, equal to apical width of peduncle, inner ramus narrow,
outer broad at base, distal half suddenly contracted, apex minutely
hooked, 3 denticles on upper margin.

Length: 3mm., ga trifle over 3 mm.

Colour: G usually whitish with a broad dorsal stripe of claret,
? usually greyish or claret, pleon sometimes lighter or with irregular
patches of black, whole body, side-plates and appendages with minute
circular black pigment specks, but the two types of coloration are not
confined to the respective sexes.

Locality : Buffel’s Bay (False Bay). 28/9/15 and 1/3/15. (K.H.B.)
64 and ovigerous 2? ?; Sea Point, near Cape Town. 26/2/14.
(K.H.B.) 1 ovigerous 9. (S.A.M. Nos. A2533, A3290, and A2922.

Geogr. Distribution: Widely distributed in the North Atlantic
(incl. Arctic Ocean) and adjoining seas.

The chief differences between these specimens and the typical form
le in the shorter and more rounded telson, which is somewhat similar
to that of I. commensalis Chevreux, and in the 2nd gnathopod of the
male.

18

ho
(or)
fe)

Annals of the South African Museum.

IscHYROCERUS CARINATUS N. Sp.
(Plate XXVIII. Fig. 18.)

Body only faintly inidescent. Lateral lobes of the head obtuse,
eyes small, oval. Peraeon in adult ¢ covered with rather long scattered
setae, segment 1 longer than 2, segments 1, 2, 6 and 7 each witha
high medio-dorsail keel extending on segments 1 and 2 the whole
length, on segments 6 and 7 only on the posterior part (of the seg-
ment), its upper margin straight and the angles rounded; in young
3S g measuring 2°5 mm. the peraeon is non-setose (except on the side-
plates) and without keels, those of 5 mm. are faintly setose, with a low
keel on Ist peraeon segment only; the nonovigerous ? is non-setose
and keelless. Side-plate 1 somewhat narrowed below, 4 largest, anterior
lobe of 5 as deep as 4, all side-plates sparsely setose on inferior margin
and with their outer surface covered with minute widely spaced granules
each bearing one or two wavy setules. Pleon keelless, postero-inferior
angle of 3rd segment rounded.

Telson broader than long, apically obtuse, side-margins very slightly
concave, 2 submedian spines on upper margin near apex.

First antenna, Ist joimt shortest, 2nd and 3rd subequal, flagellum a
trifle longer than 5rd joint, 4—5-jointed, accessory flagellum 2-jointed,
half as long as Ist flagellar joint, 2nd joint minute,

Second antenna, ultimate peduncular joint a trifle longer than
penultimate, flagellum equal to ultimate joint, 5-jointed.

Mouth-parts as in I. anguipes, but Ist joint of mandibular palp
shorter and 2nd more angular on inner margin.

First gnathopod in ¢@, 2nd joint flask-shaped, very narrow at base,
swelling rapidly, the anterior apex forming a rounded lobe, 4th longer
than 38rd, its inferior margin straight or concave, 5th equal to 4th, 6th
equal to 4th and 5th together, oval, interior margin setose and with
4—5 spines in middle, the palm undefined from hind margin except by
its minute denticulation.

Second gnathopod in ¢@, 2nd joint very long, remarkably slender
proximally, strongly curved, the proximal 4 convex and serrate in
front, the distal 2 concave in front, distal anterior lobe serrate and
spinulose, 3rd with whole anterior margin produced as a rectangular
lobe, highest proximally, the ends rounded, 4th triangular, distal apex
rounded, with a small tuft of setae, 5th very short but as broad as
base of 6th, anterior apex subacute, inferior margin straight, minutely
denticulate, with a submarginal tuft of setae, 6th narrow-ovate, twice
as long as broad, palm and hind margin confluent, convex, with a step-
like constriction in middle, the distal half narrower than proximal,

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 267

near hinge a setiferous bifid tooth, of which the lower tooth is longer
and more pointed, whole inferior margin with a row of plumose setae,
. finger curved, with 2 sight emarginations at base of inner margin; in
young ¢ ¢ 2°5 mm. long, the inferior margin is without a “ step,”
and in those 3 mm. long it has only a slight ‘ step”.

First and second gnathopods in ? similar to one another and very
like those of I. anguipes, but 6th joint narrow-oval with 2 spines
defining the palm.

Peraeopods very similar to those of I. anguipes, 3rd—5th rather
robust, 2nd joint expanded, ovoid, hind-margin most convex in 5th
peraeopod, postero-inferior angles rounded.

First and second uropods, outer ramus shorter than inner, peduncle
of Ist with acute apical spine.

Third uropod reaching as far as or a little beyond ends of Ist and
2nd, peduncle with 3 spines on upper margin, outer ramus } length of
peduncle, inner ramus shorter than outer, both narrow, outer with an
apical recurved spine and 2 minute denticles.

Length: & 4mm., nonovigerous ? 3 mm.

Colour : Mottled greyish, head and peraeon segments 1, 3, 4 and 5
darker than rest of body, black pigment specks absent.

Locality ; Sea Point, near Cape Town. 5/10/14. (K.H.B.) 1 im-
mature ¢, low-tide; Swakopmund, German S8.W. Africa. May, 1908.
(J. Drury.) 3 ¢¢, 5 immature ¢ 4, 4 nonovigerous 9? 2, from
floating buoy; Cape Town. 19/8/98. 1 ¢ off a Palinuwrus lalandii.
(S.A.M. Nos. A2926, A2953, and A3393.)

ISAEOPSIS n. g.

Side-plate 5 as deep as 4 and much deeper than 6, entire. First
antenna shorter than 2nd, accessory flagellum distinct, 1-jomted. Palp
of maxilliped 4-jointed. First and second gnathopods in 2 subequal,
second gnathopod in ¢ very large. All the peraeopods stout and
subchelate.

The resemblance to Isaea M. Edw. in general habit and the sub-
chelate peraeopods is very remarkable, but the uncinate 3rd uropods, the
mandibular palp, and the 2nd gnathopod of the male would seem to
necessitate placing this genus in the family Jassidae. The subchelate
peraeopods are evidently an adaptation to the habitat of the animal.

IsAEOPSIS TENAX 0. sp.
(Plate XXVIII. Figs. 19-21.)

Lateral lobes of head not very prominent, subacute. Eyes small but

268 Annals of the South African Museum.

distinct, nearly round. Side-plate 1 small, 2-5 much deeper, about as
deep as their segments, rounded-quadrate below, 6 not nearly as deep
as 5, all the side-plates sloping outwards and giving the animal a rather
broad appearance.

Telson not quite as long as broad, semicircular, with a spinule on
either side a little beyond the centre.

First antenna stout, Ist jomt a little longer than broad, 2nd and
3rd subequal, lower margin with long setae, flagellum a trifle longer
than 3rd peduncular joint, 4-jointed, 1st joint equal to all the rest
together, accessory flagellum small but distinct, 1-jointed.

Second antenna stout and a little longer than 1st, ultimate joint
longer than penultimate, flagellum a little longer than ultimate joint,
4-jointed, 1st joint equal to all the rest together.

Lower lip, inner lobes distinct, outer lobes entire, not divided,
apically rounded, mandibular processes subacute.

Mandibles, cutting-edge 3 (?) dentate, secondary cutting-edge in left
bidentate, spine-row (in left) with three spines, molar somewhat
conical, but apically blunt, palp large and stout, 2nd joint ovate,
setose on inner margin, 3rd shorter than 2nd, laminar, expanded distal
end with long setae.

First maxilla, outer plate with 9 (?) spines, palp 2-jointed, 2nd joint
long and very slightly widened distally.

Maxilliped, outer plate reaching a little beyond middle of 2nd joint
of palp, 2nd joint oblong, 3rd oval, half length of 2nd, 4th nearly as
long as 3rd, narrow, bluntly pointed, both inner and outer plates and
all the palpal joints setose.

Upper lip, inner plate of Ist maxilla and 2nd maxilla not successfully
dissected out.

First gnathopod in ¢, 2nd joint narrow at base, distally widening,
anterior margin produced into a rounded apical lobe with a few setae,
3rd and 4th much narrower than 2nd, 5th shorter and slightly narrower
than 6th which is oval, palm oblique, continuous with inferior margin
but distinguished by 4-5 spines becoming smaller towards the hinge,
finger matching palm, serrulate on inner apex, outer apex acutely
produced over base of unguis, with a comb-like row of fine setules,
unguis small; in 2 similar.

Second gnathopod in @, 2nd joint long, narrow, curved forwards
(similar to that of Ischyrocerus carinatus), whole of anterior margin
serrulate, anterior apex not strongly lobed, 3rd slightly lobed, 5th very
short but broad, inferior margin truncate, 6th large, elongate, oblong,
palm plus inferior margin slightly concave, sparsely setose or with a
fairly strong bifid tooth at the hinge, finger haif as long as 6th joint,

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 269

curved, apically blunt, ner margin convex in the middle; in 2 similar
to lst gnathopod.

First and second peraeopods stout, glandular, 2nd joint linear,
slightly wider distally, anterior apex rounded quadrate, 5th a little
shorter than 4th, but longer than 3rd, 6th longer than 4th, oblong,
palm oblique with 3 short, stout spines, finger overlapping palm,
curved, unguis not distinct from finger.

Third to fifth peraeopods stout, peraeopod 3 reverted, 4 and 5 sub-
equal, 2nd joint expanded, oval, postero-inferior angle rounded,
extending nearly to end of 3rd joint, hind margin entire, 4th longer
than 5th, both joints a little expanded distally, 6th equal to 4th,
oblong, palm oblique, defined by a stout spine, finger overlapping
palm, curved, outer apex acutely produced over base of unguis, with a
comb-like row of fine setules, unguis distinct and pointed.

First uropod, peduncle with an apical acute process, upper margin
with 3 spinules, outer ramus shorter than inner, which is equal to
peduncle, apices of rami with 1 spine and 2 spinules.

Second uropod, outer ramus subequal to peduncle but shorter than
inner ramus, both rami with 2 marginal spines and 3 stout unequal
apical spines. ,

Third uropod, rami short, subequal, inner ending in | spine, outer
with a recurved hook, upper margin with 2 denticles.

Length: § 4mm., 2 3:25 mm.

Colour: In spirit, whitish, eyes brown.

Locality: Table Bay. 26/3/96. (Dr. J.D. F. Gilchrist.) 1 2 with
embryos; Cape Town. 19/8/98. 2 ¢ 6, 5 ovigerous 2? 2, 3 juv.
from amongst the egg-clusters on Palinurus lalandii. (S.A.M. Nos.

A2847 and A3392.)

Famity COROPHIIDAE.

1849. Corophidae Dana, Amer. J. Sci. ser. 2, vol. 8, p. 139.
1888. Corophiidae Stebbing, Challeng. Rep. vol. 29, p. 1154.

1904, Coutiére, Bull. Soc. philom. ser. 9, vol. 6, p. 166.
1906. e Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, pp. 662, 739.
1910. es id. Gen. Cat. S.A. Crust. p. 462.

Gen. SIPHONOECETES Kroyer.

1845. Siphonoecetes Kroyer, Naturh. Tidsskr. ser. 2, vol. 1, pp. 481,
491,
1876. : Boeck, Skand. Arkt. Amphip. vol. 2, p. 630.

270 Annals of the South African Museum.

1888. Siphonoecetes Stebbing, Challeng. Rep. vol. 29, p. 212.

1893. 3 Della Valle, F. u. Fl. Neapel. vol. 20, p. 357.

1894. ~ G. O. Sars, Crust. Norw. vol. 1, p. 609.

1904. 5 Walker in Herdman’s Ceylon Pearl Fish. Suppl.
Rep. 17, p. 294.

1905. 2 Rathbun, Pap. Boston Soe. vol. 7, p. 74.

1906. 93 Stebbing, lc, pp. 681, 740 (references, with varia-
tions in spelling).

1910. id. Sci. Res. “ Thetis,” pt. 12, p. 618.

SIPHONOECETES ORIENTALIS Walker.

1904. Siphonoecetes orientalis Walker, l.c. p. 294, pl. 7, fig. 49.
1906. uf Stebbing, lc. p. 740.

The South African specimens agree with Walker’s description except
in the following slight details :

Eyes poorly developed, composed of 8 lenses, more or less separate
and arranged in a circle.

First antenna extending beyond end of penultimate peduncular
joint of 2nd antenna, peduncular joints becoming successively shorter,
flagellum subequal to peduncle, 10-11-jointed. (Walker's specimens
had 14 joints; Stebbing in 1910, lc. p. 618, remarks on the large
number of flagellar joints in this species, a number double that found
in any other species.)

Second antenna as long as body, ultimate and penultimate peduncular
joints subequal, the ultimate joint densely setose, flagellum scarcely
more than half length of ultimate joint, composed of 1 long and
2 short joints, densely setose, with marginal and apical unguiform
spines.

In addition it may be stated that the mouth-parts resemble those
figured by Sars (1c. pl. 218) for S. colletti Boeck, but the inner plate
of the first maxilla is quite obsolete. Ramus of 3rd uropod as broad
as long.

Tube constructed of fragments of shell.

Length ; 6 mm.

Colour: In spirit, whitish.

Locality: Umhloti River mouth NW. 3 W., distant 15 miles (Natal).
100 fathoms. 4 ¢ ¢ ; Nanquas Peak N.? W., distant 21 miles (East
end of Algoa Bay). 63 fathoms. 1 2 in tube; Beacon East of East
London N. + E., distant 10 miles. 52 fathoms. 1 ¢ ; Amatikulu
River mouth NW. 3 N., distant 9 miles (Natal). 26 fathoms. 1 ¢.

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. Meh

s.s. “Pieter Faure.” 19/12/00, 23/9/01, 12/7/01 and 30/1/01. (S.A.M.
Nos. A213, A212, A2781, and A3391 respectively.)
Geogr. Distribution : Ceylon (Walker).

Gren. CERAPUS Say.

1817. Cerapus Say. Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Philad. vol. 11, p. 49.
1888. es Stebbing, Challeng. Rep. vol. 29, p. 1157.
1906. ,, _~—« id. Das Tierreich, 21, pp. 665, 740.

1910. a id. Sei. Res. “Thetis,” pt. 12, p. 616.

CERAPUS ABDITUS Templeton.

1836. Cerapus abditus Templeton, Tr. Entom. Soc. Lond. vol. 1,
p- 188, pl. 20, figs. 5 a-k (2).
1885. Cyrtophium calamicola Giles, Journ. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, vol.
54, p. 54, pl. 1 (¢).
1888. Cerapus flindersi Stebbing, l.c. p. 163, pl. 125 (2).
1892. Ba if Chilton, Rec. Austr. Mus. vol. 2, no. 1,
m i pk ie, ay
1904. » edlamicola Walker in Herdman’s Ceylon Pearl Fish.
Suppl. Rep. 17, p. 293.
1906. - uy + flindersi + abditus Stebbing, l.c. pp.
668, 669.
1910. ,, abditus id. 1.c. p. 616, pl. 55a. Jaze’

The above synonomy is taken from the last reference, where the
discussion on it will be found.

A single ? may be thus briefly described :

Body of uniform width, narrowing only at the junction of 3rd and
4th pleon segments. Rostrum prominent, acute. Telson with 2
dorsal rows of upturned spinules. First antenna with a sharp pro-
jection on ventral surface, 3rd joint a good deal longer than 2nd,
flagellum 6-jointed. Second antenna with 5th joint longer than
4th but not as long as the 6-jointed flagellum. Gnathopods and
peraeopods as figured for flindersi by Stebbing. Ramus of 3rd
uropod extremely minute.

Length: (Rostrum to telson) 6 mm.

Colour : In spirit, white, eyes brown.

Locality: O'Neil Peak NW. + W., distant 9 miles (Zululand
coast). 90 fathoms. 192, nonovigerous and without tube. ss.
“ Pieter Faure.” 28/2/01. (S.A.M. No. A3855.)

Geogr. Distribution: Mauritius ? (Templeton) ; Bengal (Giles) ;

272 Annals of the South African Museum.

North Australia (Stebbing) ; Port Jackson (Chilton) ; Ceylon
(Walker) ; New South Wales, 41-52 fathoms (Stebbing).

Gen. COROPHIUM Latr.

1806. Corophium Latreille, Gen. Crust. Ins. vol. 1, p. 58.

1813-14. Corophrium Leach, Edinb. Encyel. vol. 7, p. 432.

1830. Corophia M. Edwards, Ann. Sci. Nat. vol. 20, p. 384.

1851. Audouinia (nom. nud.) Costa in Hope. Cat. Crost. Ital. p. 24.
1888. Corophium Stebbing, Challeng. Rep. vol. 29, p. 1670.

1893. 3 Della Valle, F. u. Fl. Neapel. vol. 20, p. 362.

1894. - G. O. Sars, Crust. Norw. vol. 1, p. 612.

1904, a Stebbing, Spolia Zeyl. vol. 2, pt. 5, p. 25.

1906. “ id. Das Tierreich, 21, pp. 685, 740.

1908. fi Bradley, Univ. Cal. Publ. Zool. vol. 4, no. 4,
p. 229. (Key to the species.)

1908. 35 Chevreux, Bull. Soc. Zool. Fr. vol. 38, p. 70.

IRS ke as Vanhoeffen, SB. .Gesell. Naturf. Berl. JY911,
p- 400.

1912. +3 Wundsch. Zool. Anz. vol. 39, p. 732.

This genus has a wide distribution, but hitherto has not been
recorded from South Africa.

COROPHIUM ACHERUSICUM Costa.

1851. Audouinia acherusica Costa in Hope. Cat. Crost. Ital. (nom.

nud.).

1857. Corophium acherusicum 1d. Mem. Acc. Ital. vol. 1, p. 282.

1866. x % Heller, Denkschr. K.Ak. Wiss. Wien.
vol. 26, p. 51, pl. 4, fig. 14.

1893. Ss a Della Valle, F. u. Fl. Neapel. vol. 20,
p. 364, pl. 1) fie: MW, pl Syficsal 7,
18, 20-41.

1900. . Chevreux, Rés. Sci. Monaco, vol. 16,
p- 109.

1906. es 2 Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, pp. 692,
740.

Anterior margin of head produced into a small triangular rostrum,
scarcely extending beyond the level of the antero-lateral angles,
which are subacute. Side-plate 1 apically acute, with 3 setae. Pleon
segments 4-6 fused.

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 273

Telson subtriangular, apex slightly hollowed between 2 minute
projections.

First antenna in both sexes, Ist joint with 2 recurved spines at
base on inner surface, and 1 on apex, 2nd and 38rd more slender,
flagellum equal to 2nd plus 8rd peduncular joints, 6-jointed.

Second antenna ¢ stout but not greatly enlarged or flattened,
about as long as the peraeon plus head, 4th joint twice as long as
broad or less, oval, inferior apex with 1 strong tooth and a smaller
one above it, 5th scarcely as long as 4th and about half as wide,
with in small specimens up to 2°5 mm. a well-marked tooth on lower
margin about 3 from base or sometimes nearly in the middle, in
other and larger specimens without a tooth and much more sparsely
setose, flagellum 5-jointed, not as long as 5th peduncular joint ;
in 2 about equal to head plus the first 4 peraeon segments, 3rd
joint with 2 (or 3) recurved spines on inner margin, 4th half as long
again as broad, with three spines on inner lower margin, 5th shorterthan
Ath with 1 (or 2) spines, flagellum shorter than 5th joint, 3-jointed.

First and 2nd gnathopods as figured by Della Valle for C.
acherusicum.

The other peraeopods also similar to those of C. acherusicum,
but 4th joint of peraeopods 1 and 2 not so broad as in Della Valle’s
figure; 5th joint of peraeopods 3 and 4 with an apically transverse
row of 5 spines and a subapical one of 3 spines.

First and second uropods as figured for C. acherusicum, but 1st
not so spinulose; third uropod with peduncle broader than long,
ramus oval, equal in length to the breadth of the peduncle.

Length: ¢ upto4mm.; 2 3 mm.

Colour : Whitish with brown or blackish mottlings forming trans-
verse bands on peraeon segments 1-6 and pleon segments 1—3, these
bands usually interrupted dorso-medially, peraeon segment 7 without
markings, head with a dark transverse band between the eyes,
which are black, antennae and ventral surface of peraeon also
speckled with darker.

Locality: Durban Bay. March and July, 1915. (H. W. Bell-
Marley.) $6 and ovigerous 99. (S.A.M. Nos. A3377 and
A384:3.)

To this species also I am inclined to ascribe a single 2 from Hout
Bay, Cape Peninsula (11/2/14. K.H.B. S.A.M. No. A2865) ; but
since the telson appears to be apically acute (cf. Chevreux’s figure of
C. acutum. 1908. lec. p. 75.) I prefer to leave open the question of the
identity of this specimen until more material, consisting of both ¢ g
and 2 2, comes to hand.

274, Annals of the South African Museum.

Geogr. Distribution: Mediterranean (Costa, Della Valle); Cadiz,
Azores, Senegal, 0-10 metres (Chevreux). Stebbing records it also
from Cuba and Hong Kong.

Famity PODOCERIDAKE.

1849. Dulichidae Dana, Amer. J. Sci. ser. 2, vol. 8, pp. 135, 140.
1857. Dyopedidae Bate, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 19, p. 150.
1888. Dulichiidae Stebbing, Challeng. Rep. vol. 29, p. 1182.

1906. Podoceridae id. Das Tierreich, 21, p. 694.

1910. id. Gen. Cat. S.A. Crust. p. 464.

Gen. LAETMATOPHILUS Bruzelius.

1859. Laetmatophilus Bruzelius. Svenska. Ak. Handl. ns. vol. 6,
p. 10.
SOC Sr pas: Stebbing, l.c. p. 695.

LAETMATOPHILUS PURUS Stebbing.

1888. Laetmatophilus purus Stebbing lc. p. 1198, pl. 182.

1898. 5 tuberculatus (part) Della Valle, F. u. FI.
Neapel. vol. 20, p. 317.

1894. - purus G. O. Sars, Crust. Norw. vol. 1, p. 630.

1906. - » wstebbing, l.c. p: 696, figs. 120, 121.

USO: s aid: chaps 404:

The Challenger specimen was a male. The female has no row of
serrate spines leading to the palmar angle on 6th joint of the Ist
gnathopod, the 2nd gnathopod similar to that of L. tuberculatus
Bruz. as figured by Sars (Le. pl. 226), the palm marked off from
hind margin, which is about 3 its length, by an acute process,
several very low rounded tubercles towards the hinge; in other
respects no sexual difference except that the body is broader in the
female.

Length: 6 mm.

Colour: In spirit, whitish, eyes reddish-brown.

Locality : Cape St. Francis NE., distant 29 miles. 75 fathoms.
1 ¢; North of Robben Island (Table Bay). ¢¢ and ? ? with
ova and embryos; Paternoster Point SE. ? E., distant 9 miles (off
Saldanha Bay). 80 fathoms. @¢ and ovigerous 2? 2. ss.
“Pieter Faure.” 19/2/02, 28/10/97, and 17/3/02. (S.A.M. Nos.
A109, A110, and A111 respectively.)

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 275

LAETMATOPHILUS TRIDENS 0. sp.
(Plate XXVIII. Fig. 22.)

6. The single specimen is somewhat incomplete, but is well
enough preserved to show the essential characters.

Peraeon segment 1 with 2 transverse ridges and a depression
between them, segments 2—4 each with 1 very small medio-dorsal
tubercle.

First antenna as in DL. purus. Second antenna lost.

First gnathopod similar to that of L. purus, but 6th joint without
the row of serrate spines leading to palmar angle, finger very thick,
outer margin very convex, 10 closely-set spine-teeth at distal end of
inner margin.

Second gnathopod, anterior margin of 2nd joint with 2 keels, one
acute and the other subacute apically, 6th joint of the same shape as
that of L. purus, but palm concave in basal half, distal half bearing
3 teeth, the first acutely triangular, the second obtusely cylindrical,
the third largest, broad, denticulate, finger equal to palm, stout, nearly
even in width throughout, palm well furnished with plumose setae.

Third to fifth peraeopods, 2nd joint with hind margin spinose, not
keeled or produced.

Uropods and telson as in L. purus.

Length: 5 mm.

Colour: In spirit, pale pinkish.

Locality: Seal Island SW. 3 S., distant 3 mile (False Bay).
ii Siathoms, leg sss Pieter HKaure’ 12/11/02" ((S7AIMe No:
A2779.)

This species is unique in having 3 teeth on the palm of the 2nd
enathopod, all the other species of the genus having only 2.

LAETMATOPHILUS DURBANENSIS 0. sp.

Very similar to DZ. purus. Peraeon transversely rugulose though
not very distinctly ; wider in ° than dg, being nearly circular in the
former.

First gnathopod quite distinct from that of Z. pwrus in that the 6th
joint is not at all widened, is narrower than 5th joint and shows no
differentiation of hind margin and palm, the inferior margin bearing a
few feebly plumose setae; the finger is quite smooth, but bears a
short, stout spine on the inner apex at the base of the unguis. Similar
in both sexes.

Second gnathopod g, 2nd joint with 2 keels on anterior margin,
both apically acute, 4th apically subacute, 6th ovate but shorter and

276 Annals of the South African Museum.

broader than in LZ. purus, palm at base not very angular, straight,
with a low denticulate process extending from hinge almost 4 along
the palm, and a pointed tooth, furnished with plumose setae, anterior
margin with 5 groups of spines, finger matching palm, nearly straight.
In 2 similar but smaller, 6th jomt ovate, hind margin half length of
palm and distinctly separated by a very small process and a spine,
palm with a few simple setae only, finger matching palm, its inner
margin faintly crenulate.

In other respects resembling L. purus.

Length : 3 mm.

Colour: Pale yellowish grey, a faint medio-dorsal grey stripe, eyes
pale red.

Locality: Durban Bay. July, 1915. (H. W. Bell-Marley.) ¢¢
and ovigerous 2 2. (S.A.M. No. A384.)

This species was received too late for figuring, but I hope to give a
figure of it on a future occasion.

GEN. PODOCERUS Leach.

1813/14. Podocerus Leach, Edinb. Enecyel. vol. 7, p. 483.

52. Platophium Dana, Amer. J. Sci. ser. 2, vol. 14, p. 309.
1853. Podocerus id. U.S. Expl. Exp. vol. 13, pt. 2, pp. 831, 887.
1885. Deviocerella Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S8.W. vol. 10, p. 107.
1888. Podocerus Stebbing, Challeng. Rep. vol. 29, p. 1184.

18938. a (part) Della Valle, F. u. FJ. Neapel. vol. 20, p. 327.
1894. - » G. O. Sars, Crust. Norw. vol. 1, p. 629.
1899. FF Stebbing, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. 3, p. 237.

1904. Platophium Walker in Herdman’s Ceylon Pearl Fish. Suppl.
Rep. 17, p. 295.

1906. Podocerus Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, pp. 700, 741.

1908. cs Chevreux, Mém. Soc. Zool. Fr. vol. 20, p. 521.

1910. iA Stebbing, Sci. Res. ‘‘ Thetis,” pt. 12, p. 622.

Popocervs cristatus (G. M. Thomson).

1879. Cyrtophium cristatum G. M. Thomson, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.
ser. 5, vol. 4, p. 331, pl. 16, figs.

O25:

1880. dentatum Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. vol. 4,
p. 342, pl. 22, fig. 5.

1881. Ae cristatum G. M. Thomson, Tr. N. Zeal. Inst. vol. 13,

p. 219, plas, hess.

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 277

1885. Dewiocerella dentata Haswell, l.c. p. 109, pl. 17, figs. 8-12.
1888. Platophium cristatum Stebbing, Le. p. 500.

1893. _ orientale (part) Della Valle, l.c. p. 332.
1899. Podocerus cristatus Stebbing, l.c. p. 239.

1906. re <f id. esp; 06:

1910. 5 5 Ml, We, jes (OIL

The single specimen does not seem distinguishable from Thomson's
species, except in that the lobe on the palm of 2nd gnathopod near
hinge is divided into two, the finger is only half the length of palm,
and the fringe of setae along both sides of the palmar margin is so
thick that the teeth are almost invisible.

Eyes prominent, forming the antero-lateral angles of head.

Length: 7 ram.

Colour: In spirit, pale pinkish.

Locality: Seal Island SW. 3 S., distant $ mile (False Bay).
1l fathoms. 1 ¢. ss. “Pieter Faure.” 12/11/02. (S.A.M.
No. A2780.)

Geogr. Distribution: New Zealand (Thomson) ; New South Wales
(Haswell, Stebbing).

PopocERUS PALINURI Nn. sp.
(Plate XXVIII. Fig. 23.)

Remarkably close to P. hystrix Stebbing, 1910. It will be enough
to enumerate the distinguishing characters.

Head with a low rounded keel, without elevated process; eyes
prominent, forming the antero-lateral angles.

Dorsal process on anterior half of peraeon segment 1 short and
rounded, that on posterior half quite obsolete. Subdorsal processes
present on peraeon segments 5-7 only, and these very feeble. Lower
margins of segments without processes, only slightly thickened, chiefly
on the posterior segments, rounded, overhanging the side-plates, all of
which have the lower margins straight or slightly convex, not produced
downwards, the lst produced forwards acutely.

First antenna, flagellum 7-jointed.

First gnathopod not alike in the two sexes, in ¢ palm oblique and
longer than hind margin, in 9? transverse and shorter than hind
margin.

Second gnathopod in ¢ similar to that of P. hystrix, but the finger
is less strongly bent near the base, and the large, flat tooth near the
hinge and small, conical one below it are more prominent; in 2 palm

278 Annals of the South African Musewm.

bears only a small, conical tooth near hinge, and a smaller conical one
lower down as in 4, defining angle with 2 spines.

Telson, ventral plate with 2 submedian spines, dorsal conical process
bearing 3 large spines on each side of the median one.

Third uropod as in P. hystrix.

Length: 9mm.

Colour: In spirit, pale yellowish, eves brownish.

Locality: Table Bay. “Off a large Palinurus” (=Jasus lalandu
(ME Hdw.), June, 18970920 Galo, Wu. | Gr Wb Purcell)
Seal Island SW. 34 8., distant 2 mile (False Bay). 11 fathoms. 1 ¢;
Cape St. Blaize N. by E., distant 73 miles. 125 fathoms. 1 juv. 9;
off Knysna. 47fathoms. 1 juv. g. s.s.“ Pieter Faure.” 12/11/02,
21/12/99 and 11/10/00. (S.A.M. Nos. A112, A118, A8811 and A8858.)

The above-mentioned characters are constant in the few specimens
which are available, and would seem enough to separate this form
from the closely allied New South Wales form P. hystriz.

PopOCERUS AFRICANUS Qh, Sp.
(Plate XXVIII. Figs. 24, 25.)

As the South African specimens agree very closely with Dana’s
brasiliensis, it will be needful to mention only the points of difference.

The ultimate peduncular joint of 2nd antenna is a little shorter
than the penultimate ; 5th joint of lst gnathopod as long as or a trifle
longer than 6th joint in both sexes ; 4th joint of 2nd gnathopod in ¢
strongly and acutely produced ; 6th joint as in P. variegatus Leach, 7.e.
with 2 strong palmar teeth near the finger hinge; Ist and 2nd peraeo-
pods with a lobe on anterior distal margin of 2nd joint; 3rd to 5th
peraeopods with 2nd joint expanded and widest at base, as wide as
long, distally narrowing ; telson with only 2 spines on dorsal conical
process (none on ventral plate).

Other characters as in brasiliensis : flagellum of both antennae 4-
jointed; pleopods with 2 coupling spines.

Eyes about in the middle of the lateral margin. Antero-lateral
angle of Ist peraeon segment quadrate, not produced.

Length : 5-6 mm.

Colour : Uniform pale claret.

Locality: Buffel’s Bay (False Bay). 1/3/15. (K.H.B.) 626,
5 2 3 with ova and embryos, 4juv. (S.A.M. No. A35820.) ;

This species combines the characters of the two species variegatus
and brasiliensis. These two are closely allied and may eventually be
united under Leach’s name. The present specimens, however, seem to me
to be quite distinct in the character of the 2nd joints of the peraeopods.

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 279

PopocERUS SYNAPTOCHIR (Walker).

1904. Platophium synaptochir Walker in Herdman’s Ceylon Pearl
Fish. Suppl. Rep. 17, p. 296, pl. 8,

fig. 52.
1906. Podocerus .. Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 21, p. 741.
1909. Be 2 Walker, Tr. Linn. Soc. Lond, vol. 12,

pt. 4, p. 243.

These specimens agree exactly with Walker’s description and figures
except that the palm of the 2nd gnathopod in the male has two little
denticles near the finger-hinge. These are not mentioned by Walker,
but are easily overlooked owing to the denseness of the fringes of
plumose setae. The finger of the Ist gnathopod in both sexes is
serrate on the inner margin and the palm in the male is minutely
crenulate.

Posterior margins of peraeon and pleon segments sparsely setose,
in the ¢ the humps on the 7th peraeon and Ist-3rd pleon segments
each bear a little median tuft of setae. Antero-lateral angles of
peraeon segment 1, as well as those of the side-plate, acutely produced
forwards.

Hyes on the antero-lateral angles of the head.

Length: & 6mm., 2 3 mm.

Colour: Light brown, speckled with darker, often a dark spot on
the 3rd and 4th side-plates and in the ¢ a medio-dorsal spot on
6th peraeon segment, ? frequently with a pale oval dorsal patch
extending over 3rd—6th peraeon segments, a dark transverse band
between the eyes, which are bright red, sometimes the whole head dark.

Locality: Durban Bay. March and July, 1915. (H. W. Bell-
Marley.) @¢@ and ovigerous 99. (S.A.M. Nos. A8375 and
A5842.)

Geogr. Distribution: Ceylon (Walker) ; Zanzibar and Suez (Walker).

Tring CYAMIDEA.

Famity CAPRELLIDAE.

1847. Caprellidae White, List Crust. Brit. Mus. p. 91.

1910. 5 Stebbing, Gen. Cat. S.A. Crust. p. 464.

1912. Fe Mayer in Michaelsen, Fauna Stidwest Austral.
vol. 4, pt. 1, p. 1.

280 Annals of the South African Museum.

Gen. CAPRELLA Lamarck.

1801. Caprella Lamarck, Syst. Anim. sans Vertebr. p. 165.

1888 Stebbing, Challeng. Rep. vol. 29, p. 1251 (references).
1890. 59 Mayer, F. u. Fl. Neapel. vol. 17, p. 42.

1905. 5 id. Die Caprelliden d. Siboga Exp. vol. 34, pp. 14, 72.
1910. $ Stebbing, l.c. p. 465.

1910. = Kunkel, Tr. Conn. Ac. Sci. vol. 16, p. 106.

CAPRELLA DANILEVSKII Czern.

1868. Caprella danilevskii Czerniavski, Mater. ad Zoogr. Pont. p. 92,
pl. 6, figs. 21-54.
1879. Be inermis Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. vol. 4, p. 348,
pl. 28, fig. 3f, g.
1882. a danilevskii Mayer, F. u. Fl. Neapel, vol. 6, p. 54.
1882. 55 inermis id. ibid. p. 71 text-figs. 26-29 (non Grube

1864).

1885. 3 Haswell, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. vol. 9,
p. 1000.

1888. Mm danilevskii Stebbing, Le. p. 1264, pl. 145.

1890. - - Mayer, L.c. vol. 17, p. 58, pl. 5, fig. 44, pl. 7,

figs. 12, 18, 54.
13905@)s; helleri id. ibid. p. 58.
1903. danilevskii id. l.c. p. 99.
1910. - ss Kunkel, l.c. p. 110.

The South African specimens do not differ from the published
descriptions and figures of Mayer and Stebbing except in two minor
points. The branchial lamellae are broader and more oval. The setae
on the second antenna of ¢ are shorter and much sparser.

Mayer in describing C. subinermis n. sp. from Japan (lc. 1890,
p. 86) states, as one of the differences between the two species, that in
subinermis the ungues of peraeopods 5—7 are denticulate, whereas in
danilevskii they are smooth. Stebbing, however, represents them in
the Challenger specimen of danilevskii as “ minutely serrulate” in
both descriptions and figure; and in the South African specimens
they are very distinctly and regularly denticulate.

Length: 6 15mm., 2? 8mm.

Colour: Uniform green, brownish or reddish according to the colour
of the weed on which they are living.

Locality: Sea Point, near Cape Town. 29/11/18. (K.H.B.) ¢,
ovigerous 9 9 and young. (S8.A.M. No. A2949).

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 281

Geogr. Distribution: Black Sea (Czerniavski) ; Mediterranean and
Bay of Biscay (Mayer); Port Jackson (Haswell) ; Bermuda (Stebb-
ing); Japan (Mayer); Rio de Janeiro (Mayer).

CAPRELLA EQUILIBRA Say.

1818. Caprella equilibra Say. Journ. Ac. Sci. Philad. vol. 1, p. 391.

1868. » megacephala M. Edwards, Arch. du Mus. d’Hist. Nat.
Paris, iv, p. 89, pl. 20, fig. 12.

1910. » equilibra Stebbing, Gen. Cat. S.A. Crust. p. 466.

The distribution of this species in South Africa is extended by the
discovery of specimens at the following localities :

Swakopmund, German §.W. Africa, May, 1908 (J. Drury); Table
Bay, 26/2/14 (K.H.B.) ; Port Elizabeth, s.s. “ Pieter Faure”; Durban,
July, 1915 (H. W. Bell-Marley). (S.A.M. Nos. A2950, A2944,
A2946 and A3853 respectively.)

The Swakopmund specimens reach a length of 15 mm. in ¢, 9 mm.
in ovigerous 2. The hand of the 2nd gnathopod in ¢ resembles that
figured by Mayer (1903, Siboga caprellidae, pl. 7, fig. 67) belonging to
a specimen from Sydney; the finger likewise is strongly curved.

The Durban specimens measure 13 mm. in ¢@. The finger of the
2nd gnathopod in ¢ is not strongly curved.

I have not yet seen any specimens from the other localities in South
Africa to equal the Durban or Swakopmund specimens in size.

Colour : The Durban specimens are pale whitish, with rather large
brownish-orange spots on the posterior half of 2nd and the whole
of 3rd—7th peraeon segments and the hand of the 2nd gnathopods,
anterior half of 2nd and whole of Ist peraeon segments finely speckled
with the same colour, eye brown, finger of 2nd gnathopod with two
rings of orange.

Geogr. Distribution: Europe; Mediterranean; Bosphorus: South
America; Sargasso Sea; Australia; Japan; Singapore; Madagascar.

CAPRELLA PENANTIS var. NATALENSIS Mayer.

1813. Caprella penantis Leach, Edinb. Encycl. vol. 7, p. 404.
1816. » acutifrons Latreille, Nouv. Dict. d Hist. Nat. vol. 5,
p. 433.
1903. - A var. natalensis Mayer, Siboga Exp. vol. 34,
p. 81, pl. 3, figs. 22, 23.
1910. - penantis var. natalensis Stebbing, Gen. Cat. S.A. Crust.
p. 465.

19

282 Annals of the South African Museum.

Mayer states that he had only a single ¢ of this form, but gives
the number of joints in the flagellum of Ist antenna of female as 11
and figures a portion of a 2. Probably in mentioning the specimen
found at Cape Town Mayer intended writing “?” instead of “¢.”
The present specimens are in agreement with his description.

Length: 6 10mm.; 2? 6mm.

Colour: Light brown with the anterior margins of the peraeon
segments and a band between the eyes darker, a few dark specks on
peraeon segments 2-5, antennae, peraeopods and branchial lamellae
whitish, the hand of the 2nd gnathopods in ¢ with a basal and an apical
band of orange spots, eyes dark brown; the 9 is somewhat greyer
in colour, 2nd gnathopods whitish, marsupial lamellae on 3rd segment
each with two red streaks.

Locality: Durban. July, 1915. 1 g, 1 ovigerous ?. (H. W.
Bell-Marley.) (S.A.M. No. A3854.)

Gen. CAPRELLINA Thomson.
1879. Caprellina Thomson, Tr. N.Z. Inst. vol. 11, p. 247.

1905. iS Mayer, Die Caprelliden d. Siboga Exp. vol. 34, pp.
14, 15, 30.
1910. 2 Stebbing, Gen. Cat. S.A. Crust. p. 470.

CAPRELLINA SPINIGER N. Sp.
(Pl. XXVIII. Fig. 35.)

Female.—Head plus Ist peraeon segment equal to 2nd peraeon
segment, unarmed; 2nd segment with a pair of dorsal spiniform
tubercles on the middle of the segment and another pair on posterior
margin, one spine above insertion of 2nd gnathopod; 38rd segment
with a large dorsal spiniform tubercle, apically bifid longitudinally
and directed forwards; 4th segment with a similar but smaller
tubercle; both segments with a blunt tubercle above the branchial
lamella; remaining segments smooth.

First antenna about } length of body, Ist joint oval, half as long
again as broad, 3rd joint longer than Ist, 2nd longer than 3rd,
flagellum equal to 3rd joint, 4-jointed, its Ist joint equal to the other
3 together.

Second antenna reaching to end of 2nd joint of Ist antenna, ulti-

mate peduncular joint a little longer than penultimate, flagellum
3-jointed.

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 285

Mandibles normal, palp 3-jointed, 3rd joint a little longer than Ist,
2nd a little longer than 3rd.

First maxilla, outer plate with 6 spines, 2nd joint of palp oval, much
longer than Ist setose.

Maxilliped, inner plate with 2 apical spine-sete, outer plate narrower
than inner.

First and second gnathopods as in C. longicollis (Nicolet).

Branchial lamella on segments 2-4, oblong. First and second
peraeopods absent. »

Third peraeopod with 3 distinct joints, the basal joint without a
suture in the middle and without the process found in the Cape
specimens of C. longicollis.

Fourth and fifth peraeopods as in C. longicollis, with 4 proximal
spines on 6th joint.

Pleon with 2 pairs of slender, apically acute, 1-jointed appendages,
which are minutely and regularly spinulose on their upper margins.

Length: 8mm.

Colour; Whitish, the anterior portions with minute purple specks,
a purplish band at base of 6th joint of 5th peragopod, eyes purplish-
brown.

Locality: Buffel’s Bay (False Bay). 1/38/15. (K.H.B). 1 9.
(S.A.M. No. A3296.)

This constitutes the second species in this genus. It is unfortunate
that the male has not been discovered.

GeN. PHTISICA Slabber.

1769. Phtisica Slabber, Natuurk. Verlust. pt. 10, p. 77.
1814. Proto Leach, Edinb. Encyel. vol. 7, p. 433.
1910. Phtisica Stebbing, Gen. Cat. 8.A. Crust. p. 468.

PHTISICA MARINA Slabber.

1769. Phtisica marina Slabber, lc. p. 77, pl. 10, figs. 1, 2.

1776. Squilla ventricosa O. F. Miller, Zool. Dan. Prody. ro. 2560,
p- 360.

35 Mayer, Siboga Exp. vol. 34, p. 20, pl. 6,
fig. 23.

1910. Phtisica marinx Stebbing, l.c. p. 468.

1903. Proto

Further localities in South Africa for this species are as follows:
Paternoster Point SE. $ S., distant 9 miles (off Saldanha Bay).

198

284 Annals of the South African Museum.

80 fathoms. 2 ¢ ¢,38 2? 2 ; Robben Island, Table Bay. 1 juv. dg;
Umkomaas River mouth NW. by W. 3 W., distant 5 miles (Natal).
40 fathoms. 4 ¢ 4; Walker Point NE. by N. $ N., distant 7 miles
(off Knysna). 47 fathoms. 1 ? ; s.s. “ Pieter Faure.” 17/3/02,
28/10/97, 31/12/00, and 11/10/00 respectively. Sea Point, Cape Town.
96/2/14. 2 $f (K.H.B.) (S.A.M. Nos. A87—-A89, A3860, and
A2951.)

Gen. ORTHOPROTELLA Mayer.
1903. Orthoprotella Mayer, Siboga Exp. vol. 34, p. 35.

ORTHOPROTELLA MAYERI 0D. Sp.

1903. Orthoprotella spec. Mayer, l.c. p. 36, pl. 1, figs. 25, 26, pl. 6,
figs. 43, 44, 46, pl. 9, fig. 15.

These specimens agree with the form described and figured by
Mayer, but the largest is more than twice as large as any this author
saw. Mayer regarded it as a variety of O. australis (Haswell), but
with a certain hesitation. Seeing that a very good and apparently
constant distinguishing feature is to be found in the 2nd gnathopod
of the ¢, and that it inhabits regions as widely separated as Sydney,
Singapore and South Africa, it seems to merit specific rank.

One of the specimens (that from Glendower Beacon) has a single
median spine on the 2nd peraeon segment above the 2nd gnathopods,
but the rest of the specimens are devoid of dorsal spines or tubercles.
All have a lateral spine on the 2nd and 8rd segments. Segments 6 and
7 not fused.

First antenna with flagellum of 20-30 joints; basal joint of 2nd
antenna distinctly, and rather slenderly, produced.

Second gnathopod as figured by Mayer, but the tubercle on the
anterior margin of hand more prominent and the apical angle more
produced and acute ; in the largest specimen the shape of the hand is
more oblong, the inferior margin is distinctly concave and subparallel
with the anterior margin; the venom-tooth is quite proximal, and there
is a little notch between it and the inferior margin; inferior margin
sparingly setose; the two teeth near the hinge would be better described
as follows: a single triangular tooth with a narrow parallel-sided shit
cut in the apex and extending nearly to the basal line ; finger moderately
slender and curved, reaching to the venom-tooth, its inner margin finely
and regularly crenulate.

Peraeopods 1 and 2 half the leneth of the branchial lamellae
1-jointed, narrow, apically setose.

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa.

ho
OD
Or

Peraeopods 3-5 lost in all specimens.

Pleon with | pair of 2-jointed appendages.

Length : Up to 19 mm.

Colour : In spirit, dirty pinkish, eyes brown.

Locality : Glendower Beacon N. 4 W., distant 16 miles (near Port
Alfred). 66 fathoms. 1 ¢; Walker Point NE. by N. 3 W., distant
7 miles (near Knysna). 47 fathoms. 5 @¢ (incl. the largest
specimen). s.s. “ Pieter Faure.” 10/9/01 and 11/10/00. (S.A.M.
Nos. A90 and A5859.)

Geogr. Distribution: Sydney and Singapore (Mayer).

I hope to give a figure of the hand of the adult ¢ on a future
occasion, as the specimens came to light only after the plates had been
executed.

Trine PHRONIMIDEA.

Famity HYPERIIDAE.
1852. Hyperidae Dana, Amer. J. Sci. and Arts, ser. 2, vol. 14, p. 314.
1904. Hyperiidae See: Tr. Linn. Soc. Lond. 2nd ser. Zool. vol. 10,

pt. 2, p. 33 (references).
Ls id. Gen. Cat. S.A. Crust. p. 475.

Gen. HYPERIA Latreille.

1823. Hyperia Latreille in Desmarest, Dict. Sci. Nat. vol. 28, p. 547.

SSO eee Bovallius, K. Sv. Vet. Ak. Handl. vol. 22, no. 7, p. 129
(references).

» Vosseler, Ergebn. Plankton Exp. Amphip. pt. 1, p. 56

Hyprria GAupicHaupi M. Edw.

1840. Hyperia gaudichaudii M. Edwards, Hist. Nat. Crust. vol. 5, p. 77.

1849. %9 D Nicolet in Gay’s Hist. fis. y pol. de Chile.
Zool. vol. 3.

1862. Lestrigonus _,, Bate, Cat. Amphip. Crust. Brit. Mus.
p. 289, pl. 48, fig. 3.

1887. Hyperia 7 Bovallius, Bih. K. Sv. Vet. Ak. Handl.
vol. 11, no. 16, p. 16.

1888. ~ . Stebbing, Challenger Rep. vo!. 29, p. 1394,
pl. 169.

1889. 7 is Bovallius, K. Sv. Vet. Ak. Handl. vol, 22,

no. 7, p. 175, pl. 10, figs. 1¢—24.

286 Annals of the South African Museum.

1907. Hyperia gaudichaudii Walker, Nat. Antaret. Exp. vol. 3, p. 7.

1912. ee é Chilton, Tr. Roy. Soc. Edinb. vol. 48, pt. 2,
p. 51s.
1914. i a Stebbing, Proe. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1914,

pt. 2, p. 374.

The Cape specimens agree in all respects with the descriptions and
figures of Stebbing and Bovallius.

Length: g¢ 14mm., 2? 15 mm.; breadth: § 255 mm., 2? 5 mm.;
antennae of ¢ ca. 8 mm.

Colour : When alive transparent pinky-red, with greenish eyes, in
spirit reddish.

Locality ; In large Rhizostomid jelly-fishes washed up on the shores
of the West coast of the Cape Peninsula and False Bay (Muizenberg,
False Bay. January, 1912. (K.H.B.) ¢¢, 2? 2 andjuv.). Angra
Pequenas, G.S.W.A. (Dr. J. D. F. Gilchrist.) 4 9 9. (S.A.M. Nos.
A288 and A2867.)

Geogr. Distribution: Chile (M. Edw. and Nicolet); Patagonia,
53° 37° 8. 70° 56° W. 10-15 fathoms (Stebbing) ; McMurdo Sound,
5-10 fathoms (Walker); Falkland Islands, 46° 3’ 8. 56° 30' W. and
37° AL’ N. 29° 25' W. (Chilton) ; Falkland Islands (Stebbing).

Famity CYSTISOMATIDAE.

1875. Cystosomatidae v. Willemoes-Suhm. Tr. Linn. Soc. Lond. ser. 2,
vol. 1, pt. 1, p. 24.
1886. Thauwmatopsidae Bovallius, Bih. K. Svenska Vet. Ak. Handl.
vol. J15 neg; ip: 13.
1888. Cystisomatidae Stebbing, Challeng. Rep. vol. 29, p. 1817.
1902. Thaumatopsidae Woltereck, Zool. Anz. vol. 26, p. 447.

Gen. CYSTISOMA Guérin-Ménev.

1842. Cystisoma Guérin-Meéneville, Rev. Zool. July, 1842, p. 214.
1873. Thawmops v. Willemoes-Suhm. Proc. Roy. Soe. vol. 21, p. 206.
1888. Cystisoma Stebbing, l.c. p. 1818 (references).

1889. Thawmatops ovale! K. Svenska Vet. Ak. Handl. vol. 22, no. 7,

p. 40.
1906. be Tattersall, Fish. Irel. Sci. Invest. 1905, 4, p. 17.
1910. 5 Stebbing, Gen. Cat. S.A. Crust. p. 474.

The genus is widely distributed throughout the world. Stebbing
included C. spinoswm (Fabr.) in the General Catalogue of S.A.Crustacea

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 287

on the record of a specimen caught in 33° 23’ 8. 7° 40’ E. Whether
this be counted within the South African region, it is interesting to
record a specimen from a locality quit? near the South African coast,
and moreover exhibiting features definite enough to characterise a new
species.

CYSTISOMA AFRICANUM N. sp.

Head 30 mm. in length and about the same in breadth, depth
indeterminable. Eyes contiguous, but diverging in the posterior
quarter.” Lower lateral margins with 18 teeth, on the under surface
of head near the mouth-parts 6 teeth, of which the Ist (anterior)
is the largest and stands somewhat in advance of the rest.

Pearaeon segments 1 and 2 apparently coalesced, the dorsal keel
not markedly different from that of C. spinoswm, but the denticulation
on the lateral portions of the posterior margins very inconspicuous.
Ventral surface very much as described by Stebbing for C. spinosum
(1888, l.c. p. 1328), the “ genital papilla,” however, not so elongate as
figured by him (plate 154). The rudimentary branchiae present and
very similar in shape.

Both of the Ist antennae are broken, but apparently they would
not exceed half the length of the head, there is a shght bend near the
base, and the basal portion is stouter, but no suture is visible ; present
length 8 mm.

Epistome and upper lip similar to that of C. spinoswm, but upper
lip not or scarcely at all asymmetrically cleft.

Lower lip as in C. spinosum, but lobes more oblong, the apices
roundly subtruncate.

Mandibles very similar to those figured for C. spinosum, but trunk
with 3 strong teeth on anterior margin, cutting-edge with 10 teeth,
secondary cutting-edge with 15 teeth.

First maxilla as figured for C. spinoswm.

Second maxilla broad at base, a semicircular projection on inner
margin with 4 small spinules, beyond this the inner margin narrows
rapidly and runs nearly straight to apex, which bears fine acute teeth
and small spinules on inner side.

Maxilliped, inner plate with long keel on inner surface, ending some
distance before apex, the inner concave distal margin with 2 spinules
on either side of middle, outer margin similarly armed, the spinules
very small, outer plates with 14 teeth on right and 10 on left (excluding
the apical one), all the teeth more or less of the same size, except the
basal ones which are smaller.

288 Annals of the South African Museum.

First gnathopod measuring 9 mm., Ist joint equal to the other 4
together, anterior margin with 6 spines, postero-apical angle of 1st and
2nd joints ending in a spine, 4th and 5th joints as figured by Stebbing
for C. spinoswm.

Second gnathopod measuring 135 mm., Ist joint a little longer than
the other 4 together, anterior margin with 6 spines, 4th and 5th
joints as figured by Stebbing, but the marginal spines rather more
numerous. :

First peraeopod measuring 35 mm., Ist joint 16 mm., 10 spines on
hind margin, the basal ones inconspicuous, none on the thickened
anterior edge, 2nd with 2 teeth on posterior margin, 4th joint a little
longer than 3rd, both with 10 spines on hind margin, the posterior ones
on the 4th joint inconspicuous, anterior margin setose, the apical tuft
the most conspicuous, 5th joint equal to 4th, almost without setae,
6th joint slightly curved, 1 inm. in length.

Second peraeopod incomplete, Ist joint 20 mm. long, ca. 12 spines
(the basal ones inconspicuous) on posterior margin, none on thickened
anterior edge, 2nd joint with 3 spines on posterior margin, 5rd joint
9 mm. long, with 14 spines on hind margin, 4th joint 1] mm. long, with
ca. 20 spines on hind margin, a small one alternating with a larger on
3rd and 4th joints, 5th and 6th joints lost.

Third peraeopod ca. 82 mm. in length, Ist joint 25 mm. long,
greatest width 5 mm., anterior apex strongly produced as a triangular
projection as long as 2nd joint, anterior and posterior margins with
small spines, 3rd joint 14 mm. in length, 4 mm. in width, 4th joint
20 mm. in length and 3 mm. in width, 5th joint 20 mm. in length,
6th joint straight, 1 mm. long.

Fourth peraeopod ca. 68 mm. in length, Ist jot 19 mm. long and
3 mm. wide, anterior and posterior margins with inconspicuous spines,
3rd joint 11 mm. long and 38 mm. wide, 4th joint 16 mm. long and
3 mm. wide, anterior margin of 5rd and 4th spinose, 5th joint 19 mm.
long, 6th joint straight.

Fifth peraeopod 36 mm. in length, Ist jomt 11 mm. long and2 mm.
wide, 3rd joint 6 mm. long, 4th joint 7 mm. long, anterior margin of
Ist, 5rd and 4th spinose, 5th joint 10 mm. long, widening from
15 mm. at base to 2°5 at the point where palm meets inner margin,
the former straight, the latter slightly concave, meeting at about an
angle of 120°, almost completely filled with glands, 6th joint strongly
curved, almost meeting middle of palm, finely setose.

Branchial lamellae at bases of 2nd, 5rd and 4th peraeopods, obovate,
subequal in size.

Pleopods without special features.

bo
OO
We)

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa,
>

First uropods measuring 20 mm. from base to apex of inner ramus
which is fused with peduncle, width of peduncle 5 mm., both margins
spinulose, length of inner ramus 5 mm., width at base 4 mm.

Second uropods measuring 15 mm., width 4 mm., inner ramus
4 mm. long and 3 mm. wide, outer ramus 5 mm. long and 1 mm.
wide.

Locality : Buftalo River (East London) NW. by N., distant 21 miles.
490 fathoms. s.s. “ Pieter Faure.” 22/4/01. (S.A.M. No. A289.)

The particular features of this species are to be found in the head,
the mandibles, third and fourth peraepods, and the uropods.

It is probable that when more material of all the species has been
collected, an exhaustive comparison will lead to alterations in the
diagnoses of the species. The other species of the genus are C. spino-
sum (Fabr.) 1775, C. longipes (Bov.) 1886, and C. loveni (Bov.) 1886.
Stebbing in 1888 instituted provisionally C. parkinsoni and C. fabricii.
Bovallius (1889, Le. p. 45) calls attention to the close agreement in
the measurements of the Challenger specimen F (C. parkinsoni) and
C. longipes ; the length of the antennae is distinctive, for in all other
species they are shorter than the head. The locality of Bovallius’
specimen (West coast of Australia) is not far removed from that of
Stebbings’ specimen (North of Amboina). I feel inclined therefore to
reckon Stebbings’ specimen F (parkinsoni) as a C. longipes.

The Challenger specimen G might possibly be a C. loveni, but a
comparison is difficult. In the key given by Bovallius (lc. p. 58) the
measurements are in fair agreement, but it must be noted that
Bovallius gives the length of the antennae of specimen G as ‘‘ 1] mm.”
instead of 20 mm. (Stebbing: 8; inch). Leaving specimen G ( fabrici’)
out of account, the species may be distinguished as follows :

Antennae longer than head, 14-18

teeth on lower margin . . C. lon-

Peduncle of uropods not twice} —gipes (Bov.).
the length of rami. . .) Antennae shorter than head, 13 teeth
on lower margin . . C. spinoswim

(Fabr.).

A row of 6 spines on either side of
Peduncle at least twice au mouth-parts . C. africanum n. sp.
length of rami. . . . .) Only 2 spines on either side of mouth-
parts . . . . OC. loveni (Bov.).

Unfortunately I have been unable to consult Woltereck’s paper on
the “ Valdivia” material (1902, Zool. Anz. xxvi. p. 447).

290 Annals of the South African Museum.

Famity LANCHOLIDAE.
1887. Lanceolidae Bovallius, Bih. Sv. Vet. Ak. Handl. vol. 11, no. 16,

D0:
1888. ? Stebbing, Challeng. Rep. vol. 29, p. 1301.
1904. , id. Tr. Linn. Soc. Lond. ser. 2, vol. 10, pt. 2, p. 28.
1905. a3 Woltereck, Zool. Anz. vol. 29, p. 413.
IESO})- ¥ id. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harv. vol. 52, no. 9,.
p. 156.
1907. ; id. ibid. vol. 31, p. 129.

Gen. SCYPHOLANCEOLA Wol!tereck.

1905. Scypholanceola Woltereck, l.c. p. 415.
1909. 4 id. Leap: U6l.

ScYPHOLANCEOLA VANHOEFFENI Woltereck.

1909. Scypholanceola vanhoeffent Woltereck, l.c. p. 167, pl. 7, figs. 24a
(3d), 246 (2 ).

Body dorsally rounded, not keeled. Rostrum triangular, base
broader than length, not as long as rest of head, the “ ocular cups”’
and “ eye band” as figured by Woltereck. Ist and 4th peraeon seg-
ments subequal and shorter than 2nd and 3rd, which are also subequal.
Side-plates 1-5 anteriorly narrowing to a point, scarcely reaching the
posterior margins of their segments, 6 and 7 not reaching the anterior
margins of their segments, posterior portion somewhat produced,
subacute. Pleura neither spinose nor setose, rounded below.

Telson not quite reaching to % length of peduncle of 8rd uropod,
twice as long as its basal width.

First antenna as in Lanceola aestiva Stebbing 1888, but not serrate,
reaching to end of 4th (penultimate) joint of 2nd antenna.

Second antenna, 2nd joint with prominent gland-cone as long as the
joint, 3rd thrice 2nd, 4th twice 3rd, 5th lost on both sides.

Epistome as broad as long, upper lip broader than long, with very
deep and fairly wide cleft, the lobes apically rounded.

Lower lip as in Lanceola.

Mandibles, anterior margin of trunk with a strong triangular pro-
jection or tooth, as figured for L. aestiva, lst joint of palp a trifle
broader than long, 2nd equal to length of trunk, 3rd 3 length of 2nd,
both joints setose, much the same as in JL. aestiva.

First maxilla as figured for L. pacifica Stebbing, but inner margin

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 29]

of inner plate scarcely concave, outer plate very much broader, ovate,
broadest before the middle, thence tapering to a rounded apex with
3-4 spinules, 6-7 spinules on inner distal margin and many smaller
ones on outer margin.

Second maxilla, apices of lobes strongly setose with 9 strong spines
on outer plate and 11 on inner, arranged irregularly.

Maxilliped as figured for L. aestiva, but the apices of the lobes of
inner plate blunter.

First and second gnathopods as in LD. aestiva.

First and second peraeopods 18 mm, long, 2nd joint longest, 5 mm.,
4th and 5th each 4 mm., 6th 4°5 mm.

Third peraeopod 20 mm. long, 2nd joint 7mm., 4th 5°5 mm., 5th
4mm., 6th 3°5 mm. :

Fourth peraeopod, 22°5 mm. long, 2nd joint 6°5 mm., 4th 5 mm.,.
5th 4 mm., 6th 7 mm.

Fifth peraeopod, 11 mm. long, 2nd joint 4 mm., 4th and 5th each
2mm., 6th 3 mm.

The first gnathopod very feebly spinulose, the 2nd and all the
peraeopods neither spinulose nor setose.

Branchial lamella of 2nd gnathopod and Ist peraeopod very small,
1 mm. long; that of remaining peraeopods 4-5 mm. long, oval, non-
setose.

Uropods all extending as far as one another, the peduncle Ist, 2nd
and 3rd being respectively 5, 4 and 3 mm. long, the rami of all about
the same length, narrow-lanceolate, inner ramus of 3rd the broadest.

Length : Ca. 27 mm. (from end of rostrum to end of telson).

Colour: In spirit, transparent white, the internal lining of the
peraeon purplish-brown.

Locality ; Cape Point NE. by E., distant 36 miles. 650 fathoms.
1g. ss. “Pieter Faure.” 15/7/03. By tow-net on beam of trawl.
(S.A.M. No. A2733.)

Geogr. Distribution: Antarctic Ocean. 10/3/03. ‘“ Gauss” Expedi-
tion ; Indian Ocean, Sta. 239 (=4°-6° 8., 48°-41° E.). “ Valdivia ”
Expedition.

Famity PHROSINIDAH.

1888. Phrosinidae Stebbing, Challenger Rep. vol. 29, p. 1423 (vefer-
ences).
1910. id. Gen. Cat. S.A. Crust. p. 476.

292 Annals of the South African Musewin.

Gren. PHROSINA Risso.

1822. Phrosina Risso, J. de Phys. Chim. Hist. Nat. vol. 94, p. 244.
1889. ca Bovallius, K. Sv. Vet. Ak. Handl. vol. 22, no. 7,
p. 421.

PHROSINA SEMILUNATA Risso.

1822. Phrosina semilunata Risso, l.c. p. 245.

1888. * $3 Stebbing, Le. p. 1425, pl. 176 (references
and synonymy).

1889. - s Bovallius, l.c. p. 426, pl. 18, figs. 3-30
(references and synonymy).

1900. . - Chevreux, Res. Camp Sci. Monaco, fase. 16,

p. 147.

1901. ‘; ; Vosseler, Ergebn. Plankton Exp. Amphip.
pt. 1, p. 89, pl. 8, figs. 18—20.

1904. 95 . Walker in Herdman’s Ceylon Pearl Fish.
Suppl. Rep. 17, p. 250.

11909. * . Walker, Tr. Linn. Soc. Lond. vol. 18,
pt. 1, p. 52:

1910. Ms . Stebbing, Le. p. 477.

112: 5 Be Pearse, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. vol. 43
[1913], p. 378.

1913. ee Ms Stewart, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8,

vol. 12, p. 257.

The single specimen taken by the s.s. “ Pieter Faure” represents
the form P. nicetensis as figured by Bate (1862, Cat. Amphip. Crust.
Brit. Mus. p. 320, pl. 51, fig. 6), with one or two minor differences.

Third and fourth pleon segments with median tooth on posterior
margin.

Pleura of Ist to 3rd segments with the postero-inferior angles
acute.

First antenna, Ist joint as broad as long, 2nd joint 3 times length
of Ist.

First peraeopod, 4th joint 14 times as long as broad, inferior
margin equal to palm, with strong spine at their junction, palm with
5 denticles, 5th and 6th joints together longer than palm.

Second peraeopod, 4th joint ovate, a long stout spine springing
almost from base, the inferior (posterior) margin being very short,
palm very oblique, with 6 denticles, the 2 nearest the hinge of
finger smaller than the others, 5th and 6th joints together only a little
longer than palm.

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 293

Third peraeopod, Ist joint not more than 1} times as long as broad,
Ath joint ovate, with 6 sharp teeth on anterior margin, the 2nd and
6th teeth smaller than the others.

Fourth peraeopod spiniform posterior apex of 3rd joint not
extending quite half way along posterior margin of 4th, 4th joint
with 4 teeth on palm, the 2nd and 4th teeth smaller than the other
two. |

Fifth peraeopod intermediate between that figured for P. nicetensis
by Bate and that for P. semilunata by Stebbing (1888, lc. pl. 176),
posterior margin very convex basally, then narrowing rapidly to the
truncate and slightly emarginate apex, anterior margin nearly
straight.

Length ; 18 mm. (to end of uropods), 5rd peraeopod 16 mm.

Colour: In spirit colourless, transparent, the muscles and omma-
tidia of the eyes brownish.

Locality: Buffalo River NW. by N., distant 21 miles (off East
London). 490 fathoms. s.s. “ Pieter Faure.” 22/4/01. 1 9 with ova.
(S.A.M. No. A104.)

Geogr. Distribution: Mediterranean (Risso and M. Edwards) ;
Cape of Good Hope (Paris Museum); North and South Atlantic,
0-ca. 800 fathoms (Challenger and Plankton Exp.); Indian and
Pacific Oceans (Bovallius) ; Indian Ocean, between Socotra and Ceylon
(Walker) ; Azores (Chevreux) ; Gulf of Mexico (Pearse); near Cape
of Good Hope (Stewart); Chagos Archipelago, 0-1200 fathoms
(Walker).

Famity PRONOIDAH.

1879. Pronoidae Claus, Zool. Inst. Univ. Wien. vol. 2, pp. 149, 168.
1910. os Stebbing, Gen. Cat. S.A. Crust. p. 479.

Gen. PARAPRONOE Claus.
1879. Parapronoé Claus, Die Gatt. u. Art. d. Platysceliden, pp. 25, 29.

1886. s Gerstaecker in Bronn’s Klass. u. Ordn. vol. 5, pt. 2,
p. 485.

1887. e Bovallius, Bih. K. Sv. Vet. Ak. Handl. vol. 11,
no. 16, p. 42.

1887. r Claus, Die Platysceliden, pp. 48, 55.

1888. fi Stebbing, Challenger Rep. vol. 29, p. 1521.

294. Annals of the South African Museum.

PARAPRONOE CLAUSI Stebbing.

1888. Parapronoé clausi Stebbing, l.c. p. 1526, pl. 190.

A few small differences are observable between the Australian and
South African specimens :

First gnathopod, 5th joint not longer than 4th, more as in P. erustu-
lum Claus (see figure by Stebbing, l.c. pl. 198).

Second gnathopod, the inner margin of the process of 4th joint even
more convex than in Stebbing’s figure and more strongly dentate, the
inner margin of the 5th joint on the contrary less convex.

Telson in the female comparatively broader, about 1} times as long
as basal breadth, apex reaching the apex of the inner ramus of 3rd
uropod. In the smaller (? ¢) specimen the telson like the typical
form.

The mouth parts were not examined since they seemed firmly
united into a solid mass, perhaps due in some manner to the method
of conservation.

Length: 9 25 mm., (?) ¢ 17 mm., embryos from brood-pouch
1 mm.

Colour: In spirit, yellowish-brown, without spots of any colour.

Locality ; East London NW.2 N., distant 20 miles. 400 fathoms.
s.s. “Pieter Faure.” 17/4/01. 1 2? and 1 (?) g. (S.A.M. No.
A108.)

Geogr. Distribution: South of Australia, 39° 45’S., 140° 40' E.
(Stebbing) ; South Pacific (Stebbing). Surface.

A

abditus (Cerapus)
acanthiger (Lemboides)
Acanthonotosoma .
Acanthozone ‘
acherusicum (Cor ophium) .
Acontiostoma

acutifrons (Capr ella) .
afer (EHurystheus)
affinis (Ichnopus) :
africanum (Cystisoma)
africanus (Podocerus)
Allorchestes

Amaryllis

Ampelisca ‘
AMPELISCIDAE
AMPHILOCHIDAE
Amphithoe

Ampithoe
AMPITHOIDAE
ancheidos ey
Andania

anguipes (Ischyrc ocer us)
anisochir (Melita)
anomala (Rhachotropis)
antarctica (Leucothoe)
antarctica (Polycheria)
Aora. : :
AORIDAE

Araneops .
ARGISSIDAE

Aristias

articulosus (Leucothoe)
assimilis (Ampelisca) .
assimilis (Paramoera) .
atolli (Polycheria)

attingens (Stegocephaloides)

ATYLIDAE
ATYLIDAE
Atyloides

Atylopsis

Atylus .

Audowinia
auricularius (Gammar us) .
australis (Grubia)
australis (Jassa) .
australis (Melita)
australis (Peltocoxa) .

australis (Stegocephaloides)

australis (T'alorchestia)
-aviculae (Chevalia)

(295 )

INDEX.

B

| Bathymedon

biscayensis (Euonyx) .
boecki (Parandania)

_ boeckii (Elasmopus) .
| bottae (Orchestia)
_ brasiliensis (Elasmopus)

brevicornis (Ampelisca)

| brevicornis (Polycheria)

brevidigitata (Leucothoe)

brevipes (Ampithoe) .
Bruzelia :
Bruzeliella

bruzelir (Elasmopus) .

| Byblis .

Cc

caesaris (Eusiroides) .

calamicola (Cerapus)

calceolatus (Ichnopus)
capense (Stomacontion)
capensis (Chiltonia)
capensis (Hriopisa)
capensis (Gammarus)
capensis (Paramoera)
capensis (‘Talorchestia)
capensis (‘'emnophlias)

2 | Caprella

| CAPRELLIDAE.

Caprellina
carinata (Cleonar dopsis)

| carinatus (Ischyrocerus)
| Cerapus :

Cheiriphotis

| chelata (Parav alettia)

Chevalia

| chevreuxi (Hyale)

Chiltonia

| cinderella (Oediceroides)

clausi (Parapronoe)

Cleonardopsis (Eusiridae) .

coalita (Guernea) :
commensalis (Leucothoe)
cornigera (Epimeria)
COROPHIIDAE.
Corophium .

cotesi (Melita)
crassicornis (Gammarus)
Cratophium .

296

crenatipalma (Lemboides) .
crenulata (Socarnopsis)
crenulata (Stenothoe) .
cristatus (Podocerus) .
cubensis (Lysianassa )
CYAMIDEA

Cyphoearis .

Cyrtophium .

Cystisoma :

CYS STISOMATIDAE .

D
danilevskii (Caprella) .
dassenensis (Parorchestia) .
dentatum (Podocerus) .
DEXAMINIDAE
Dexiocerella. .
diadema (Ampelisca) .
diastoma (Hyale)
diemenensis (Leucothoe)
diodon (Bruzelia)
dolichoceras (Leucothoe)
dolichommata (Photis)
dolichopous (Stenothoe)
DULICHIDAE :
durbanensis (Cheiriphotis)
durbanensis (Laetmatophilus)
DYOPEDIDAE

E
eastwoodae (Talitriator)
Egidia .

Fiscladus

Elasmopus

elegans (Rhachotropis)
Epimeria : P
EPIMERIDAE
equilibra Dep sae
Eriopisa

Eriopsis :
erythraea (Ampithoe) :
Euonyx

Eurystheus .
EUSIRIDAE
Eusiroides

exilii (Melita)

K
falcata (Jassa) . :
falklandi (Ampithoe) .
faurei (Cyphocaris)
fimbriata (Hyale)
fischerii (Orchestia)
flindersi (Cerapus )
fresnelii (Melita)

PAGE

240

124 |

154
276
120
279
116
271
286
286

Annals of the South African Museum.

G

gaimardii (Ampelisca)
gaimardii (Byblis)
gallensis (Stenothoe) .
Ganmmarellus
GAMMARIDAE.
GAMMARIDEA .
Gammaropsis
Gammarus :
gvaudichaudii (Hy peria)

| georgianus (Hyale)

Gitanopsis

gracilis (Leucothoe)
erandicornis (Hyale) .
grandimana (Leucothoe)
granulosa (Nototropis)
orimaldii Capea aa
Grubia

Guerinia

Guernea

H

Halicreion
Halimedon
hamigera (Maera)
HAUSTORIIDAE
helleri Cee
Helleria
Hippomedon
hirondellei (Maera)
hirtipalma (Byer)
Hyale .

Hyalella
hypacanthus (Lemh es)
Hyperia : :
HYPERIIDAE

I
Ichnopus

imminens (Eury stheus)

inaequipes (Maera)
inaequistylis (Mehta)
inca (Hyale)

inermis (Caprella)
ingens (Jassa)

insignis (Triodos)
integrimana (Maera) .
intermedia (Ampithoe)
inyacka (Hyale) .
Iphimedia :
irrostrata (Urothoe)
Isaeopsis (Jassidae)
ISCHYROCERIDAE .

_ Ischyrocerus

PAGE

133,

162,

139
139
154

148, 170, 226

186
106
249
202
285
234
144:
150
230
150
173
178
257
106
213

165
163
196
142
280
213
125
194.
234
229
224
237
285
285

122
250
193
191
234
280
263
140
198
253
233
183
1438
267
262
264

Crustacean Fauna

Jassa .
JASSIDAE .

k

Kerqueleni (Polycheria)
kergueleni (Rhachotropis) .

L

Laetmatophilus .
laevis (Guernea) .
LANCEOLIDAE
Lemboides

Lembos

Lestrigonus .
Leucothoe .
LEUCOTHOIDAE
levis (Elasmopus)
Liljeborgia .
LILJEBORGIIDAE
longicaudata (Photis)
longimanus (Hippomedon)
longimanus (Photis)
longispinosa (Epimeria)
lucasii (Hyale)

Lycesta

Lysianassa .
LYSIANASSIDAE
Lysianae

M
macrodactyla (Hyale)
macrophthalna (Amaryllis)

Macropisthopous (Ampithoidae)

Maera .

magellanica (Paramoera)
marina (Phtisica)
maroubrae (Hyale)
mastersti (Klasmopus)
mastersii (Maera) :
mayeri (Orthoprotella)
megacephala aay
Megamoera .

Melita .

miersi (Leucothoe)
minutus (Ichnopus)
miops (Ampelisca)
mirabilis (Platyischnopus) .
Moera . :
monoculoides (Eusiroides) .

N
natalensis (Ampelisca)
natalensis (Caprella
var.) . 4

natalensis (Uristes)

penantis

235
114
260,
1938

195, 196, 199 |

189

148 |

123
134.
14.2
, 195
174

137 |

281
126

of South Africa. 297
PAGE

Nicaea . 229
Nicippe 161

| nigroculus (Gammarus) 206
Nototropis 173
novae-zealandiae (Hy ale) 230

O

obtusa (Polycheria) 211
Oediceroides : 162

| OEDICEROTIDAE A . 162
Orchestia . 216, 217, 226.
ORCHESTIDAE 3 . 215
Orchestoidea 217
orientale (Podocerus) . 277
orientalis (Siphonoecetes) . 270
Orthoprotella : 284.
osborni (Polycheria) 211

| ovalitelson (Halicreion) 165

iP

paeneglaber Ceo.) 181
palinuri (Podocerus) . 277
palmata (Ampelisca) . 136
palmata (Melita) 191

_ palpalis (Bathymedon) 163
palporum (Rhachotropis) 179
Paramoera . c Aue bets)
Paramoera . 189, 191
PARAMPHITHOIDAE 170

| Parandania . 131
Parapronoe . 293
Paratylus 173

| Paravalettia (Lysianassidae) 112
PARDALISCIDAE 161
Parorchestia 226
paucispinosum (Gumschizestonia) 107
pectenicrus (Elasmopus) 197
Peltocoxa : 146
penantis (Caprella) 281

| peregrina (Ampithoe) . 255
| PHLIANTIDAE 155
| PHOTIDAE 242
| Photis . 242
PHRONIMIDEA. 285
Phrosina 292
PHROSIN IDAE. 291
Phtisica : 283

| pilosus (Melita) . 189
Platamon 125
Platophium . 276
Platyischnopus 14.2
Plioplateia (Phliantidae) 155
PODOCERIDAE 274.
Podocerus 276
Polycheria . : 210
pompeii (Eusiroides) 174
Pontogeneia 183

‘298 Annals of the South African Museum.

|
|
}
|

sylvicola (Parorchestia)
symbiotica (Aristias) .
synaptochir (Podocerus)
SYRRHOIDAE

Talitriator

TALITRIDAE
Talorchestia

taurus (Ichnopus) :
Temnophlias (Phhantidae)
tenax (Isaeopsis)
tenwicornis (Melita)
tenuipes (Polycheria) .
tenuis (Parorchestia) .
Thaumatops .
THAUMATOPSIDAE
thomsoni (Maera)

| TIRONIDAE

tridens (Laetmatophilus)
trigonochir (Hyale)
‘l'riodos (Ampeliscidae)
triquetra (Phoplateia)
Trischizostoma

Tritaeta

| Tritopsis

PAGE |
PONTOGENEIIDAE. ; . 183
PONTOPOREIDAE . : . 142
prevostii (Hyale) : ‘ . 230
Prianassus . : : - . 213
PRONOIDAE . ‘ ; . 2938 |
Proto . : . 283
proxima (Liljeborgia) : 5 dee |
Pseudotryphosa . : : 5 AS
pulchella (Jassa) . ; 2 . 262
pulchella (Urothoe) . ; a) 1435)
purus (Laetmatophilus) . . 274
pusilla (Gitanopsis) . ; . 144

Q
quadrispinosa (T'alorchestia) =. 217

R
Rachotropis . : ls
recens (Parorchestia) . : . 226
reinhardi (Photis) : : . 243
Rhachotropis : : eA |
richardi (Cyphocaris) . : 5 JAK) |
richiardii (Leucothoe) ‘ ee loOR
rubricata (Ampithoe) . . 258, 255 |

S
saldanha (Hyale) : : 5 XY)
scissimana (Maera) . ; 5 UB}
Seypholanceola . : : e290
semiarmata (Epimeria) . _ yl
semidentatus (Eurystheus) > 250) |
semilunata (Phrosina) ; 5 AS |
serricrus (Ichnopus) . : 23
serrula (Elasmopus) . : 5 ey
setipes (Melita) . 3 : . 189
Siphonoecetes ; : . 269
Socarnopsis . : . 124
spinicarpa (Leucothoe) : . 148
spinicornis (Ichnopus) . . 123
spiniger (Caprellina) . : . 282
Squilla . : . 283
stebbingi (M acropisthopous) . 260
STEGOCEPHALIDAE 5 el2s8
Stegocephaloides . : 5 . 128
Stegocephalus : : : 5- dBi
Stenothoe . 5 : . 1538
STENOTHOIDAE . ; 2 1520
Stomacontion : : : Looe
suensis (Maera) . ; : elOG

truncatipes (Maera)
Tryphosella . : : :
tuberculatus (Laetmatophilus)
tumida (Nicippe)

typica (Aora)

Uristes
Urothoe

Vv
vaillantii (Ampithoe) .
validum (Jassa) .

validus (Melita) . :
vanhoeffeni (Se ypholanceola)
ventricosa (Proto)
verticillatus (Hyale)

Vijaya . ;

villosa (Hyale)

Z
zeylanica (Melita)

i

Fie.

DID or

EXPLANATION OF PLATES.

PLatre XX VI.

. Trischizostoma paucispinosum n. sp. Ist gnathopod, with palm further

enlarged.

. Paravalettia chelata n. g. et sp. Ist gnathopod, with hand further

enlarged.
» 2 % 2nd gnathopod.
Cyphocaris faurei n. sp. 4th and 5th side-plates with 2nd joints of 8rd and
’ 4th peraeopods.

. Stegocephaloides attingens n. sp. 5th peraeopod.
. Ampelisca miops nu. sp. Sth peraeopod.

natalensis n. sp. 5th peraeopod.

3?

. Triodos insignis n. g. et sp. Lateral view of 4th and 5th pleon segments

with telson and 38rd uropod.
Telson.
5th peraeopod.

cB) 33 ”

2 2) 23

. Gitanopsis pusilla n. sp. Telson and 8rd uropod,

2nd gnathopod, with portion of palm further
enlarged.

3 33 bP)

. Peltocoxa australis n. sp. 2nd gnathopod, with portions of palm and inner

° margin of finger further enlarged.

. Leucothoe dolichoceras n. sp. 2nd gnathopod ¢g, with lower portion of palm

further enlarged.

15. Stenothoe dolichopous nu. sp. 4th side-plate of right side.

16. 2 a < lst gnathopod.

We 35 a1” 35 2nd gnathopod.

18. Plioplateia triquetra n. g. et sp. Lateral view of 2, with antennae but

without appendages of peraeon and

pleon.
Ist maxilla, with one spine further

enlarged.

» » n6 Maxilliped, with portion of 4th joint
of palp further enlarged.

3 2 a 1st pleopod.

» » 5 3rd pleopod.

» » 6 3rd uropod.

6th and 7th joints of 1st gnathopod.

300 Annals of the South African Museum.

FIG.
25. Temnophlias capensis n. g. et sp. Dorsal view of g, with pleon flexed, and
without appendages of peraeon and

pleon.
26. 55 5 = Lateral view of 2nd pleon segment of ¢.
Dill a mA Maxilliped, with apex of inner plate
further enlarged.
28. = ¥ os 1st and 2nd maxillae, with apex of 2nd
and one spine from 1st further enlarged.
29. . 35 s 2nd peraeopod ¢g.
30. A a es, Telson.
Sie = ‘ 5 3rd uropod @.
Bh, Ee A 5 2nd uropod @.
Bo: m Pe = 1st uropod ¢, with portion of inner
margin of ramus further enlarged.
34, 35. 5 as 2nd uropod ¢, viewed from above and
from the outside respectively.
Prats XXVII.
Fic.
1. Bathymedon palpalis n. sp. Telson. ‘
2. A Pe ie Mandibular palp.
3 iH s5 ‘ Ist gnathopod.
4. Halicreion (?) ovalitelson n. sp. Telson.
5. Epimeria semiarmata n. sp. 4th and 5th side-plates of right side.

6. 3: longispinosa n. sp. 4th and 5th side-plates of right side ; a portion
of the surface sculpturing has been drawn
in and portion of this further enlarged.

7. Cleonardopsis carinata n. g. et sp. 2nd and 38rd pleon segments.
8. _ 3 a 5th and 6th side-plates of right side.
9, on - - Telson.

10. Rhachotropis paeneglaber nu. sp. 2nd—4th pleon segments.

11. Maera hamigera (Haswell). 6th and 7th joints of 2nd gnathopod*of imma-
ture specimen.

2% KS 7 ee 6th and 7th joints of 2nd enathopod of
immature adult specimen.

13. Elasmopus boeckii (Haswell). Telson.

14. 55 Pr . 6th and 7th joints of 2nd gnathopod.

15. Elasmopus levis n. sp. 6th and 7th joints of 2nd gnathopod.

16. Eriopisa capensis n. sp. Mandibular palp.

Wf os 3 ee Telson.

18. i i " 5th, 6th, and 7th joints of 2nd gnathopod.
19. 3 . ss 3rd uropod.

20. Gammarus capensis n. s.p. Telson.

PAM is 3 iy Gland-cone on 2nd antenna.

22. _ » var.a. Telson.

23. PS nigroculus n. sp. Telson.

24. 5 crassicornis n. sp. Telson.

25. a A Ls 2nd antenna ¢.

Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 301

FIG.

26. Gammarus auricularius n. sp. 2nd,3rd,and 4th joints of second antenna 2.

ie of as es 4th-7th joints of lst peraeopod ¢.

28. S 5 sf Telson.

29. Talorchestia quadrispinosa n. sp. 6th and 7th joints of 2nd gnathopod ¢.

30. a 3 5 2nd joint of 4th peraeopod ¢.

31. 55 an pe 2nd joint of 5th peraeopod ¢.

BY). es Bs 55 abnormal 2nd gnathopod of ¢ (4th-7th

joints).

33. 8 australis n. sp. 4th—7th joints of lst gnathopod ¢.

34. a et 3 4th-7th joints of 2nd gnathopod ¢.

35. eS ancheidos n. sp. 4th-7th joints of Ist gnathopod 2.

36. a ee es 4th—7th joints of 2nd gnathopod ¢.

37. Hyale saldanha Chilton. 5th peraeopod.

38. Chiltonia capensis n. sp. 4th joint of palp of maxilliped.

39. a S 5 Ist gnathopod.

40. 3 55 : Telson and 8rd uropods.

Pratt XXVIII.
Fig.
1. Parorchestia dassenensis n. sp. 4th—7th joints of Ist gnathopod ¢.
2. a 5 i 4th to 7th joints of 2nd gnathopod ¢.
3. Hyale diastoma n. sp. 4th-7th joints of 2nd gnathopod ¢.
4. 4, inyacka n. sp. Sth peraeopod, with 7th and end of 6th joint further
enlarged.
5. Lembos hypacanthus n. sp. 6th and 7th joints of lst gnathopod g, with
defining angle of palm further enlarged.
6. Pe ‘ 5 2nd joint of 2nd gnathopod ¢.
7. Lemboides acanthiger n.sp. 6th and 7th joints of lst gnathopod ¢.
8. Pe a Fe 6th and 7th joints of 2nd gnathopod ¢.
), 5 crenatipalma n. sp. Ist gnathopod g, with palm and finger
further enlarged.

10. se % Ps 2nd gnathopod g, with palm and finger

further enlarged.

ll. Eurystheus afer (Stebbing). 6th and 7th joints of 2nd gnathopod ¢.

12. 53 umminens n. sp. 6th and 7th joints of 2nd gnathopod g, with

middle tooth of palm further enlarged.

13. & semidentatus n. sp. 6th and 7th joints of 2nd gnathopod ¢@.

14. - - is Palm and finger of 2nd gnathopod @.

15. Macropisthopous stebbingi n. g. et sp. 5th-7th joints of 1st gnathopod, with
7th and apex of 6th joint further
enlarged.

16. - - - 5th peraeopod g, with portion of
surface sculpturing further en-
larged.

ie r A Telson and 38rd uropod.

20

302 Annals of the South African Museum.

FIG.

18.

Ischyrocerus carinatus n. sp. 1st and 2nd peraeon segments, side-plates and
gnathopods, with palmar tooth of 2nd
gnathopod further enlarged.

. Isaeopsis tenax n. g. et sp. 6th and 7th joints of 1st peraeopod.

95 0 5 Sth peraeopod, with finger further enlarged.
- 53 Telson and 8rd uropods, with outer ramus
further enlarged.

. Laetmatophilus tridens n. sp. 2nd gnathopod ¢.
. Podocerus palinuri n. sp. Head and 1st and 2nd peraeon segments.

BS africanus n. sp. 2nd joint of 1st peraeopod.
” 3 2nd joint of 5th peraeopod.

. Photis longicaudata (B. & W.) 6th and 7th joints of 2nd gnathopod of ¢,

view of inner surface.

. Stomacontion capense n. sp. 1st side-plate.

BS x » lst antenna.

. Stegocephaloides australis n. sp. 5th peraeopod.
. Ampelisca palmata n. sp. 6th and 7th joints of 1st gnathopod, with palm

further magnified, the setae omitted.
» » 6 5th peraeopod.

. Melita fresnelii (Audouin). I1st-6th segments of pleon, the median tooth

shown in segments 1-4,

. Elasmopus pectenicrus (Bate). Lower hind margin of 2nd joint of 4th

peraeopod.

. Ampithoe brevipes (Dana). 6th and 7th joints of 2nd gnathopod, with seta

from palm further enlarged.

. Caprellina spiniger n. sp. Head and peraeon segments 1-4 of 9, with

dorsal tubercles of segments 3 and 4 seen
from behind.

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