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GONTRIBUTION 


INDIANA PALZONTOLOGY. 


VOL. I. 


SoG A OA eB © B.S 


GEORGE K. GREENE. 


st 


FEBRUARY, 1898 to SEPTEMBER, 1904. 


ee 


Ewing & Zeller, Printers and Publishers, 
New Albany. Ind. 


rag a wo et a We GO tol 


With some reluctance I enter into the publication of these new forms of 
Fossils that I have in hands, knowing the many obstaciesin the way of a new 
beginner. But I am offered the assistance and co-operation of some well known 
authors, and through their assistance and advice I hope to be able to offer to 
the student and collector some information that may be of interest to them. 

I have material in hand sufficient for sixty plates. These will be issued in 
parts, three plates with the descriptions of figures, will constitute a part. These 
will be for sale at 25 cents each, a sum barely enough to pay for printing, en- 
graving, ete. Each edition will be limited to 500 copies. After all have been 
issued, a thorough revision will be made of text and plates, and published in 
book form. The numbers on pages and on plates will follow in regular order, 

.so that they can be separated and placed in position for binding. 

The class, order and family, etc., will be omitted, for the reason that it 
would be a waste of space and expense, and would simply be repeated in every 
part. 

The species described by other authors, in all these publications, will ap- 
pear under their own name. 


INDIANA PALABONTOLOGY. =. 


HELIOPHYLLUM OSCULATUM, N. Sp. 


Piate 1, Fic. 1 Ano PLATE 2, Fies. 1-2-3. 


Corallum simple, or compound, rapidly increasing. by calicular gemmation. 
Height varying in different examples from forty to eighty millimeters. Diam- 
eter of calyx from thirty to forty millimeters. Exterior with rough annula- 
lations and wrinkles, caused by intermittent growth. Tabule numerous and 
closely arranged, elevated in the center of the calyx, from five to eight millime- 
ters or more. Number of lamelle from seventy to eighty, alternating in 
length, rounded and uniform in size at the margin, for about ten millimeters 
nearly flat, then abruptly descends to the bottom of the calyx, where the short 
ones terminate; the longer ones continue coalescing, fasciculating and twisting 
into a rough prominence on the elevated tabule. Denticulations moderately 
course, ten in the space of seven millimeters. Fossette in some examples well 
. defined, in others very obscure. 

Found in the upper Devonian (Hamilton group), near Charlestown, and 
at the different cement quarriesin Clark county, Indiana, and at Crab Orchard, 
Kentucky, now in the collection of the author. 


BB LO ey a Ne Ne NS Sp. 


Piate 1, Fies. 2-3-4. 


Corallum simple, oblique, with a broad sear at the base of attachment; 
rapidly increasing in diameter to the margin of the cup. Calyx broadly cam- 
panulate. Exterior with sharp annulations and constrictions caused by inter- 
mittent growth. Length varying in different individuals from fifteen to twenty 
millimeters. Diameter of calyx twenty to twenty-five millimeters, depth ten 
to fifteen millimeters. Number of lamelle eighty, alternating in size and 
length, the short ones gradually disappear before reaching the bottom of the 
calyx, The longer ones become elevated and sharp as they gradually descend 
to the center of the calyx, where they abruptly terminate. In some examples 
they coalesce with the lamellz on the opposite side, twisting, and slightly ele- 
vated, into arough crest, Denticulations prominent in some places; others 
broken away or faintly indicated, Fossette well defined, consists ef a deep 
depression at the edge of the elevated space in the bottom of the calyx and 
extends to the anterior margin. Situated in the fossette there is one conspicu- 
ous lamelle, extending from the bottom of the fossette to the margin of the 
calyx, The adjacent lamelle as they descend about one-third the distance 
from the margin coalesce, and again at about two-thirds the distance from the 
margin, and on reaching the bottom of the cup they coalesce the third time. 


2. GONTRIBUTION TO 


This species resembles somewhat H. Tumidulum, but differs in the coa- 
lescing of the lamelle adjacent to the fossette, and the elevation in the bottom 
of the calyx is not so conspicuous. 

Found in the Upper Devonian (Hamilton group) near Charlestown, Ind., 
now in the collection of the author. 


HELIOPHYLLUM TUMIDULUM, N. ‘Sp. 


Pirate 1, Fies. 5-6-7. 


Corallum small, simple, oblique, sub-turbinate, with.a broad scar at the 
base of attachment, height twenty to twenty-five millimeters. Diameter twenty 
to twenty-five millimeters. Depth fifteen millimeters. Longitudinal striz 
distinct. Exterior with constrictions and sharp annulations, caused by inter- 
mittent growth. Number of lamelle eighty, alternating in size and length; 
the shorter ones gradually disappear before reaching the bottom of the cup. 
The longer ones are rounded at the margin, growing thinner as they approach 
the center of the calyx, coalescing and twisting into a small prominence, two 
or three millimeters in height. Denticulations coarse, slightly elevated above 
the lamelle. Fossette well defined, consist of a deep depression at the base of 
the elevation in the bottom of the calyx, and continues to the anterior margin. 

Found in the Upper Devonian (Hamilton Group), near Charlestown, Indi- 
ana. Now in the collection of the author. 


ZA PAR ENCES BU MLELS 5. WN. Sp: 


Puiate 1, Fias. 8—9. 


Corallum small, simple, turbinate, straight, or regularly curved, acute at 
the base of attachment, gradually expanding in diameter to the calyx. Exte- 
rior with sharp annulations and wrinkles caused by intermittent growth. 
Height twenty-five millimeters. Calyx bell-shaped, fifteen millimeters in di- 
ameter. Depth ten to twelve millimeters; a flat space in the bottom of the cup, 
occupied by the tabule, ten millimeters in diameter. Number of lamelli sev- 
enty to seventy-six in the circumference of a calyx fifteen millimeters in diam- 
eter, thickened and rounded at the margin, growing thinner and elevated, as 
they gradually descend to the bottom of the calyx, where the short ones termi- 
nate. The longer ones continue to near the center of the cup, and abruptly 
end, leaving a flat space from two to five millimeters in diameter. On the 
posterior side there is one principal lamella elevated above the others that ex- 
tends to the edge of the fossette. In some examples it does notextend so far, 
but abruptly ends in the center of the cup. Fossette conspicuous, consist of a 


INDIANA PALABONTOLOGY. ae 


deep depression in the bottom of the calyx, and extends to the anterior margin. 
Situated in the fossette is one principal lamellw, and two rudimentary ones. 
The single elevated—lamelle in the bottom of the ealyx—makes this easily 
recognized from all other species. 
Found in the Upper Devonian (Hamilton group), near Charlestown, Indi- 
ana. Now in the collection of the author. 


ZAPHRENTIS VARIANS, N. Sp. 


Prate 2, Fics. T—8. 


Corallum simple, turbinate, straight or regularly curved, attenuate below, 
gradually or rapidly expanding in diameter to the calyx. Exterior with broad, 
irregular annulations and wrinkles, caused by intermittent growth. Height 
fifty millimeters. Calyx broadly bell-shaped, thirty millimeters in diameter. 


~ Depth twenty millimeters. A flat space in the bottom of the calyx occupied by 


the tabule, fifteen millimeters in diameter, Number of lamellw seventy, in the 


circumference of a cup twenty millimeters in diameter, alternating in length, 


rounded and thickened at the margin, gradually sloping to the flat space in the 
bottom of the calyx, here the short ones abruptly terminate. The longer ones 
become sharp and slightly elevated, and continue a short distance on the tabu- 
lw, and gradually disappear, leaving a flat, smooth space in the bottom of the 
calyx, from three to five millimeters in diameter; in some other examples the long 
lamellz continues to the center of the calyx, twisted and slightly elevated. 
Fossette consist of a deep depression in the bottom of the calyx, but disappears 
before reaching the margin of the cup; position variable. 

Found in the Upper Devonian (Hamilton group), near Charlestown, Indi- 


- ana. Now in the collection of the author. 


ZAPHRENTIS ACUTICORNIS, N. Sp. 


PiaTeE 2, Fies. 9—10. 


Corallum simple, turbinate, straight, or slightly curved, acute at the base 
of attachment, gradually, or sometimes rapidly expanding to the calyx; longi- 
tudinal strie fine, distinct. Exterior with broad, shallow annulations, caused 
by ‘intermittent growth. Height from twenty to thirty millimeters, varying 
in different individuals. Diameter of calyx fifteen millimeters. Depth ten 
millimeters. A flat space in the bottom of the calyx, occupied by the tabule, 
six millimeters in diameter. Number of lamelle fifty in the circumference of 
a calyx, twelve millimeters in diameter, alternatingin length, sub-equal at the 


. Margin, abruptly sloping to the bottom of the calyx, where the short ones grad- 


4. GONTRIBUTION TO 


ually disappear. The longer ones are slightly elevated, growing thinner, con- 
tinuing to near the center of the calyx, where they abruptly terminate, leaving 
a smooth, flat space in the center of the calyx from two to three millimeters in 
diameter. Fossette small, situated on the side of the longest curviture, of the 
coral. 

Found in the Upper Devonian (Hamilton group), near Charlestown, Indi- 
ana. Now in the collection of the author. 


LAPARE NET LS GPM AT US. N.2Sp: 


Puiatre 2, Fies. 11, 12—13. 


Corallum simple, oblique, regular or abruptly curved, acute at the base of 
attachment, rapidly expanding in diameter to the calyx, exterior with broad 
annulations and wrinkles, caused by intermittent growth. Height varying in 
different individuals from twenty to forty millimeters. Calyx broadly campan- 
ulate, from ten to thirty millimeters in diameter. Depth ten to fifteen millime- 
ters, a flat space in the bottom of the calyx five millimeters in diameter. 
Number of lamellexe seventy in the circumference of a calyx twenty millimeters 
in diameter, alternating in length, equal in size at the margin, gradually slop- 
ing, to the flat space in the bottom of the calyx, where the short ones terminate. 
The longer ones continuing to the center of the calyx, and abruptly end. There 
is seven or eight lamelle adjacent to the right and left lateral gaps, situated on 
the side next the shortest curvature of the coral, that converges to the gaps, 
Fossette consists of rather a wide, deep depression in the center of the calyx, 
grows narrower as it approaches the anterior margin. 

Found in, the Upper Devonian (Hamilton group), near Charlestown, Indi- 
ana. Now in the collection of the author. 


PANO SES) TOD ND PTB A IN Sp. 


Prate 3, Fies. 1-2. 


Corallum variable in form, discoid with a wrinkled epitheca on the under 
side. Globular or sub-pyriform or sub-ramose. Tubes unequal in size, round- 
ed polygonal, from one to three millimeters or more in diameter. Diaphraghms 
flat or oblique, and not very much crowded. Mural pores not closely arranged, 
round, rather large, with an elevated circular lip from one-fourth to one-half 
millimeter in height, one aud two rows on a side, 

The large round tubes, and the elevated circular lips of the mural pores, 
and the oblique diaphraghms, distinguish this from all other species. 

Found in the Lower Devonian (Corniferous group), Falls of the Ohio. 
Now in the collection of the author. 


INDIANA PALABONTOLOGY. . 


FAVOSITES GLOBOSUS, N. Sp. 


Pirate 38, Figs. 3-4-5. 

Tubes rounded, polygonal, unequal in size, from one to three millimeters 
in diameter. Tube walls moderately stout. Longitudinal furrows not very 
conspicuous. Pores moderately large, from one to three rows on a side, situ- 
ated below a spine like projection. Diaphraghms stout, oblique, to suit the 
peculiar growth of the coral, not very much crowded, and not so complicated 
with squame as in some other species. Grows parasitic on crinoid stems, and 
sometimes found attached to fragments of other marine organisms. Globular 
‘or sub-pyriform in shape; varying in size from ten to sixty millimeters or more 
in diameter. 

The large round tubes, the oblique diaphraghms, not so complicated with 
squam as some other species, parasitic in habits, globular or sub-pyriform 
shape, makes this easily recognized from all other species. 

' Found in the upper Devonian (Hamilton group), one and a half miles 
North West of Charlestown, Indiana. Nowin the collection of the author. 


DLP Pe yb UM ONT CU Ms "IN: Sp; 


PLATE 3, Fics. 6—7—-8-9-10. 


Corallum simple, elongate turbinate, straight or gradually curved, distorted 
or geniculated. Acute at the base of attachment. Gradually or rapidly in- 
creasing in diameter to the calyx. Length varying in different individuals 
from twenty to forty millimeters or more. Calyx somewhat bell-shaped, from 
ten to fifteen millimeters in diameter. Depth ten to twelve millimeters. Num- 
ber of lamelle forty-eight, in the circumference of a calyx ten millimeters in 
diameter; alternating in length, rounded and equal in size at the margin, 
from three to four millimeters nearly flat, then abruptly slopes to the bottom of 
the calyx, where the short ones gradually terminate; the longer ones continue 
until they‘reach the vertical wall of the horse-shoe shaped area, situated in the 
center of the calyx. The smooth oblique space, inclosed in the vertical wall, 
is from one to three millimeters in diameter. Denticulations fine, distinct, ten 
in the space of five millimeters. 

Found in the upper Devonian (Hamilton group), near Charlestown, Indi- 
ana. Now in the collection of the author. 


MECHE LINEA. MIN UTA, (NL Sop: 


PuiateE 3, Fies. 11-12. 


Corallum small, composite, pyriform in shape, not exceeding fifteen milli- 


6. CONTRIBUTION “FO 


meters in its greatest diameter. Having a stout, wrinkled, epithecal crust on 
the lower side. With a small scar at the base of attachment. Tubes unequal 
in size, quadrangular or pentagonal in outline, from two to four millimeters in 
diameter. Lineal furrows fine, distinct. Mural pores large, few in number, 
and irregularly distributed. The diaphraghms are broken down in all the 
tubes, and only a faint impression is left on the walls. From these I would 
judge they were moderately stout, and not much crowded. 

This is unlike any Michelinia that I am acquainted with, differing essen- 
tially in the form of the tubes, and the large pores, and few in number, with 
the wrinkled epitheca, makes it easily recognized from all other species. 

Found in the upper Devonian (Hamilton group), near Gibson’s Station, 
Clark county, Indiana. Now in the collection of the author. 


DODLATOCREN US. .D EP RASS. US... A. Miller.) 


Puate 2, Fies. 4-5-6. 


Species medium or below medium in size. Calyx depressed, bowl-shaped ; 
diameter about three times the height. Surface ornamented with radiating 
lines, ridges and nodes. Radial ridges small, rounded, and have a node at the 
center of each plate. Each interradial bears a central node, from which there 
are radiating ridges, and on some plates there are a few scattering nodes. 
Column about medium in size. 

Basal plates almost covered by the column. First primary radials a little 
wider than long, bear an elongated central node from which there are small, 
radiating ridges. Second primary radials quadrangular, very little wider than 
long Third primary radials a little larger than the second, wider than long, 
pentagonal, axillary, and, in the ray on each side of the azygous area, and in 
the one opposite thereto bears upon each upper sloping side, a single secondary 
radial, which is axillary and supports, on each upper sloping side, two tertiary 
radials which arrangement gives to each of these three rays four,arms. In 

each of the two lateral rays, the third primary radial supports, on one upper 
sloping side, three secondary radials, and, upon the other, a single secondary 
radial, which is axillary and supports, on each superior sloping side, two ter- 
tiary radials, which gives to each of these rays three arms. There are, there- 
fore, eighteen ambulacral openings to the vault in this species. 

The first interradials are large, have nine sides, and bear a prominent cen- 
tral node from which there are radiating ridges of unequal size, the two larger 
ones being directed toward the adjoining secondary radials. These radiating 
ridges are more or less nodose. The second interradials are about two-thirds 
as large as the first, and each one bears two nodes that sometimes coalesce and 
form a transverse ridge. There are three small plates in the third range that 


*. aaa 
ad F 


INDIANA PALABONTOLOGY. 7. 


~ 


separate the last radials and unite with the plates of the vault. These plates 
are also more or less nodose. 

The azygous area is well marked in this species by being wider than either 
of the other areas, and having the plates more nodose and deeper sculptured. 


The nodes on the adjacent radial series, disconnected with the radial ridges, 


are more prominent in this area than in either of the others, and form a con- 
spicuous circle around the first azygous plate. The number of plates in the 
azygous area is the same as in each of the other areas. 

The vault is depressed conical, though as seen from above the outline is 
sub-pentagonal, There is a small, short, sub-central proboscis. Each plate 
over the junction of the ambulacral canals bears a spine having a length about 
twice its diameter, and each plate surrounding the base of the proboscis, bears 
a similar spine. Each of the other plates on the vault bears a few small nodes. 
There are twenty ovarian pores, four to each radial series, that penetrate the 
plates at the base of the arms and not the vault betweén the arms as in many 
species. _ 

This species most resembles J) venustus, with which it agrees in the num- 
ber of ambulachral openings to the vault. It will be most readily distinguished 
by having comparatively a shorter calyx, which is due to the fact that there is 
one less plate in each tertiary radial series, and one less in each of two of the 
secondary radial series, in all making twenty plates less in the calyx of this 
species than are in J) venustus. The interradials in that species being neces- 
sarily proportionally longer than they are in this. The vaults and vault plates 
are also different in the two species. The surface ornamentation may also be 
sufficient in well preserved specimens to distinguish the species, but as there is 
some resemblance in this respect, probably it cannot be relied upon for a dis- 
tinguishing feature. It is to be presumed that J. venustus possessed the same 
number of ovarian pores, probably arranged higher up on the plates, at the 
base of the arms, and so clpsely connected with the ambulacral openings that 
they were not distinguished by me when describing that species. There is no 
difficulty in distinguishing the ovarian pores in this species. 

Found by G. K. Greene, in the Hamilton Group, near Charlestown, Ind., 
and now in his collection. 


INDIANA PALAZONTOLOGY. 8. 


ZAPHRENTIS 150 HY PUs, Ni dp. 


Pirate 4. Fries. 1, 2, 3. 


Corallum simple, turbinate, or elongate turbinate. Straight, regularly, or 
sometimes irregularly curved, with a broad scar at the base of attachment, oc- 
casionally an example is acute at the base. Gradually or sometimes rapidly 
expanding in diameter to the calix. Exterior with irregular annulations and 
constrictions, caused by intermittent growth. Height varying in different in- 
dividuals, from three to five inches, in the longest examples observed. Calix 
broadly bell-shaped, thirty-five millimeters in diameter. Depth from twenty 
to thirty-five millimeters, with a flat convex space in the bottom of the calix, 
occupied by the tabule, fifteen millimeters in diameter. Number of lamellie, 
seventy in the circumference of a calix, thirty-five millimeters in diameter, 
equal in size and rounded at the margin, alternating below, gradually or some- 
times rapidly sloping to the bottom of the calix, where the short ones gradually 
disappear, the longer ones are slightly elevated, becoming thinner as they ap- 
proach the bottom of the cup, and extend a short distance on the tabule and 
disappear, leaving a smooth convex space in the bottom of the ealix, ten or 
twelve millimeters ‘in diameter. Fossette conspicuous, consists of a deep de- 
pression at the edge of the smooth space in the bottom of the ecalix, but does not 
extend on the side of the coral. 

Found in the Upper Devonian, (Hamilton group) near Charlestown, Indi- 
ana. Now in the collection of the author. 


ZAPHRENTISCOMIS, N. Sp. 


Prate 4. Fies. 4, 5, 6. 


Corallum simple, sub-turbinate, straight, or regularly curved, with a broad 
scar at the base of attachment. Height forty millimeters. Gradually, or some- 
times more rapidly, expanding in diameter to the calix. Calix rather broad, 
somewhat shallow, thirty-five millimeters in diameter. Depth fifteen to twenty 
millimeters, with rather a smooth and slightly concave space in the bottom of 
the calix, occupied by the tabule, fifteen millimeters in diameter. Number of 
lamelle, sixty-four, in a calix thirty-five millimeters in diameter, equal in size, 
and sharp at the margin, slightly alternating below, gradually or sometimes 
more rapidly descend to the bottom of the calix. The short ones extend a few 
millimeters on the tabule, and abruptly terminate; the longer ones are slightly 
elevated near the bottom of the calix, and extend a short distance farther on 
the tabule, and gradually disappear, leaving a smooth, concave space in the 
bottom of the calix, ten millimeters in diameter. Fossette consists of a deep 


9. CONTRIBUTION TO 


depression at the edge of the flat space in the bottom of the calix, and in some 
examples extends to the anterior margin, in some others it does not extend so 
far, but always conspicuous. 


This species resembles somewhat in external appearance Z. ischypus, but 
differing essentially, in having thin sharp lamelle, and concave tabule; in that 
species the tabule is more numerous and flat. 


Found in the Upper Devonian, (Hamilton group) near Charlestown, Indi- 
ana. Now in the collection of the author. 


LATA RI NOEL AMP LL AD U.S: Nop; 


Prare 4, Fres. 7, 8. 


Corallum simple, turbinate, straight, or slightly curved. A broad scar at 
the base of attachment, occasionally extending some distance on the side of the 
coral. Height thirty-five to sixty-five millimeters in the longest examples ob- 
served. Calix broadly campanulate, somewhat funnel-shaped, from twenty to 
thirty-five millimeters in diameter. Depth twenty millimeters. A flat space 
in the bottom of the cup, occupied by the tabule, from three to ten millimeters 
in diameter. Number of lamelle seventy, in the circumference of a cup, thirty 
millimeters in diameter, alternating in length, rounded and sub-equal at the 
margin, gradually sloping to the bottom of the calix; the short ones terminate 
on reaching the flat space, the longer ones become elevated, sharp, slightly twisted, 
and continues to the center of the calix, and terminates, not elevated. Fossette 
consists of a deep depression on the side of the flat space in the bottom of the 
cup, and extends about half way to the anterior margin, and gradually disap- 
pears. 


Found in the Upper Devonian, (Hamilton group) near Charlestown, Indi- 
ana. Now in the collection of the author. 


CYATHAXONIA ‘COMP REGS A, N. Sp. 


Prato, “Kroes, 14. boo 10h: 


Corallum simple, turbinate, straight, or slightly curved. Acute at the base 
of attachment. Height fifteen millimeters, for about ten millimeters com- 
pressed, then gradually rounding to the margin of the cup. Exterior compari- 
tively smooth, with a few shallow annulations and wrinkles caused by inter- 
mittent growth. Diameter of calix four millimeters. With vertical walls. 
Depth four millimeters. A flat space in the bottom of the calix two or three 
millimeters in diameter. Situated in the center of the calix, is a smooth con- 
vex cone, two millimeters in height. Number of lamelle thirty, in a calix four 


INDIANA PALASONTOLOGY. 10. 


millimeters in diameter, alternating in length, sub-equal at the margin, growing 
thinner below; the short ones continuing to the flat space in the bottom of the 
cup and gradually disappears, the longer ones continues to the base of the 
convex cone in the center of the calix, and abruptly terminate. No fossette 
visible in any of the examples examined. 

- Found in the Warsaw division of the St. Louis group (Sub-carboniferous) 
at Georgetown, Floyd County, and at Lanesville, Harrison County, Indiana. 
Now in the collection of the author. 


BLOTHROPHYLLUM CINGULATUM, N. Sp. 


Puiate 4, Fies. 11, 12, 13. 


Corallum simple, or composite, elongate turbinate, or sub-cylindrical, 
straight, or flexuous, increase by calicular gemmation. Acute at the base of 
attachment, gradually increasing in diameter to the calix. Height varying in 
different individuals, from thirty to eighty millimeters or more. Exterior with 
somewhat coarse irregular annulations and constriction, caused by intermit- 
tent growth; when decorticated, they have the decided appearance of a Helio- 
phyllum. Calix broadly bell-shaped, fifteen to twenty-five millimeters in di- 
ameter. Depth fifteen millimeters. A smooth convex space in the bottom of 
the calix, occupied by the tabula, ten millimeters in diameter. Number of la- 
mellz seventy-four in the circumference of a calix, twenty-five millimeters in 
diameter, alternating in length, rounded, and unequal in size at the margin; 
the short ones continuesa short distance from the margin, becomes thinner, and 
gradually disappears before reaching the flat space in the bottom of the cup; 
the longer ones are slightly elevated and thinner, and continuous to the smooth 
convex space in the bottom of the calix and abruptly terminate. Fossette ob- 
scure, in a great many examples examined only a faint impression of a fossette 
is shown, on the side of the longest curviture of the coral. 


Found in the Middle Devonian, (Upper Helderburg group) Falls of the 
Ohio. Now in the collection of the author. 


BLOTHROPHYLLUM FLEXOS UM, N. Sp. 
PLATE 6: G26, 01. 8; 


Corallum simple, turbinate, or elongate turbinate, gradually, or irregularly 
curved, or distorted. Acute at the base of attachment. Gradually, or at times 
rapidly increasing in diameter to the calix. Height varying in different indi- 
viduals from forty to eighty millimeters. Calix broad, funnel-shaped, from 
fifteen to twenty millimeters in diameter. Depth ten to fifteen millimeters. 
Number of lamelle sixty in the circumference of a calix, twenty millimeters in 


We COTE Lou tO. 


diameter, thin and equal in size at the margin, alternating in length; the short 
ones abruptly slope to the bottom of the calix and terminate; the longer ones 
become flexuous and gradually slope to the center of the calix, meeting those 
of the opposite side, and abruptly end. Fossette consists of a shallow, narrow 
groove commencing in the bottom of the calix, extends a short distance on the 
side of the cup, and gradully disappears; position variable. Exterior with ir- 
regular annulations and sharp constrictions, caused by intermittent growth, 
when decorticated they have the appearance of a number of thin invaginated 
cups. 

Found in the Upper Devonion, (Hamilton group) near Charlestown, Indi- 
ana. Now in the collection of the Author. 


CYS CIPAY LEU M CRASS © AT UMN. Sp; 


Prarn 5, Pies. 9) 10, 


Corallum simple, explanate. Composed of a series of thin, blistered, caly- 
cinal cups, with a strong wrinkled epithecal crust on the under side, and hav- 
ing a small flat scar at base of attachment. Diameter of corallum varies in 
different individuals, from thirty to forty millimeters, with a thickness from 
ten to twenty millimeters, Calix shallow, slightly concave, and strongly vesic- 
ulose, the largest cysts are near the bottom of the cup. Near the margin there 
is numerous fine striw, but gradually disappears before reaching the bottom of 
the calix. 

Found in the Upper Devonian, (Hamilton group) near Charlestown, Indi- 
ana. Now in the collection of the author. 


Gace PEP Y biG UM. Gok SACO N,N asp. 


PiateE 6. Fiaes. 2, 3, 4. 


Corallum simple, or compound, rapidly increasing by calicular, or lateral 
gemmation: in some examples they have a broad scar at the base of attachment, 
in this case some of them have rootlets that show evidence of being attached to 
some foreign body, and in some examples the base of attachment is acute. 
Height varying in different individuals from one to six inches. The exterior 
is very rugged and deeply constricted, and when decorticated appears as thin 
invaginated cups. The calix is so variable that in twenty examples no two 
would appear alike; when not interrupted by the new growth, it is somewhat 
bell-shaped, and has a depth of one inch, with numerous fine septa, eight in 
the space of ten millimeters. Small cysts appear near the margin of the cup, 
but are larger in the bottom; in some other examples, the cysts are large 
throughout the calix, entirely obscuring the septa. 


INDIANA PALASOONTOLOGY. 12. 


This is the most remarkable form of this genus that I am acquainted with, 
differing from all heretofore described species, in the mode of growth, and the 
manner of budding. In the most common forms the parent cup seems to in- 
crease by prolific growth, and from the superior margin a number of buds ap- 
pear, five or more sometimes sets forth closely connected, or, in some examples 
widely separated, and while this new process of budding is going on, a new 
growth springs up from the center of the calix, and continues a short distance 
and ceases; then new buds set forth from the maryin on the opposite side from 
the former ones; this is not the case in all corallums, some examples after bud- 
ding, set forth a new growth from the calix, and shows no signs of budding; 
in these examples, the calix is deep, with numerous coarse granulose septa, and 
the cyst are confined to the bottom of the calix. 


Found in the Upper Devonian, (Hamilton group) two miles north-west of 
Charlestown, Indiana. Now in the collection of the author. 


CYSTIPHYLLUM GEMMULA,N. Sp. 


PLate 6. _Fies..8; 9: 


Corallum simple, or composite, turbinate, straight or regularly curved: 
Acute at the base of attachment, gradua'ly, and regularly expanding in diame- 
ter to thecalix. Height, twenty millimeters. Diameter of calix ten millimeters. 
Depth, ten millimeters, somewhat funnel-shaped. Near the margin, and fora 
short distance below, the cysts are small and numerous, as they approach the 
bottom of the calix they beceme slightly larger, and are covered with fine, 
rather indistinct strie. Exterior with sharp constrictions and wrinkles, caused 
by periodical growth. When decorticated, the surface cysts appear somewhat 
larger than they do in the calix. From one cup, there are two corallites, equal 
the diameter of the parent cup, (not very high) from one of these, another 
small bua is attached. 

The short corallum, and wide calix, and the short, broad corallites, make 
this easily recognized from all other species. 


Found in the Upper Silurian, (Niagara group) at the Bear Grass Creek 
Quarries, near Louisville, Kentucky. Now in the collection of the author. 


CYA DLE YELM :O Ss h6-UL.0 My Nosy. 


Prats.6. Fres. 5,.6,..7. 


Corallum simple, or composite, increasing by ecalicular gemmation, turbi- 
nate in the young state, but becoming cylindro-conical in the more mature 
growth. Height varying in different individuals from one to four and a half 


13. CONTRIBUTION TO 


inches. More or less curved, with a stout, wrinkled epitheca, and a broad scar 
at the base of attachment, but in some cases they are pointed. The exterior is 
rugged, undulated, and constricted, and presents an invaginated appearance. 
A specimen well preserved, and an inch in diameter, will have a calix, an inch, 
or more in depth, in the form of a conical cup; the cysts are large, though 
somewhat variable in size; they are as large internally as they are on the ex- 
terior. In some specimens, the corallum appears as a mass of cysts, without 
any evidence of septa, but in other specimens, when the cysts do not cover 
completely the interior of the calix, fine rudamentary septa can be plainly dis- 
tinguished; in such cases there are from eighty to one hundred septa in a calix 
one inch in diameter. 

This species is easily distinguished in the simple state by the epitheca, and 
the strongly marked base of attachment; itis also distinguished by the rugged, 
constricted, and invaginated appearance, and large cysts. 


Found in the Upper Devonian, (Hamilton group) near Charlestown, Indi- 
ana. Now in the collection of the author. 


CYS TIPE YLLUM BACINTAT UM. Ni Sp- 


PEACE OC Mes el. be Le: 


Corallum simple, turbinate, more or less curved. Acute at the base of at- 
tachment. Gradually, or at times rapidly expanding to the calix. Height 
varying in different individuals from three-fourths to three inches or more. The 
exterior is very rugged, and constricted, and appears as if composed of thin in- 
vaginated cups. The calix appears as a hemispherical cup, having a depth 
equal to one-half or more, of the diameter. The cysts are medium in size in 
the calix, but larger externally. The septa is thin and numerous; rudimentary 
septa may be distinguished in the calix of nearly all specimens. 

This species differs essentially from C. ossiculum in its more rapidly ex- 
panding to the calix, and is not as rough externally, and the cysts are smaller, 
the cups are thinner in this species, than in that, and the calix is deeper. 

Found in the Upper Devonian, (Hamilton group) near Charlestown, Indi- 
ana. Now in the collection of the author. 


HELIOPHYLLUM BOR DENT. No Sp: 


Prath 4. Friese 9;. 10. 


Corallum simple, or compound, increasing by calicular gemmation. Exter- 
ior of parent cup with rough annulations, and wrinkles, caused by intermittent 
growth. Height varying from twenty to fifty millimeters. Acute at the base 


INDIANA PALASONTOLOGY. 14, 


of attachment, gradually expanding to the calix. Diameter of calix varying in 
different individuals from twenty-five to forty millimeters. Number of lamelle 
eighteen in the space of ten millimeters, alternating in length, slightly unequal 
in size, and rounded at the margin, growing thinner below, for about five milli- 
meters from the margin nearly flat, then abruptly sloping to the bottom of the 
calix, where the short ones terminate, the longer ones continuing to the center, 
where a few intimately connect, and in some cups they are slightly twisted, and 
elevated into a false calumella, one or two millimeters or more in height. Fos- 
sette consists of a deep depression in the bottom of the calix, but does not ex- 
tend but a short distance on the side of the cup. Denticulations fine, ten in 
the space of six millimeters. 

The specific name is 1n honor of Prof. W. W. Borden, of Borden Institute, 
Borden, Indiana. 

Found in the Upper Devonian, (Hamilton group) near Charlestown, Indi- 
ana. Now in the collection of the author. 


HELIOPHYLULUM AGASSIZI,.N: Sp. 


PrAtTEe+s. “Fie. ss 


Corallum simple, or compound. Increasing by calicular gemmation. Par- 
ent cup usually very m~ch smaller than the increasing corallites, rarely exceeds 
one and one-half inches in diameter. Height about equal to the diameter of 
the calix. While the increasing corallites have a length from two and one-half 
to seven and one-half inches. Calix broad, bell-shaped, from sixty to eighty 
millimeters in diameter, varying in different individuals. Depth twenty milli- 
meters. A flat space in the bottom of the calix, occupied by the tabule, twenty 
millimeters in diameter. Number of lamelle eighty, in the circumference of a 
calix, eighty millimeters in diameter, somewhat thick, and equal in size at the 
margin, alternating in length, for ten or fifteen millimeters from the margin, 
flat, then abruptly slope to the bottom of the calix, where the short ones abruptly 
end, the longer ones continues, for six or seven millimeters, and abruptly ter- 
minate, leaving asmooth, slightly oblique space, in the bottom of the calix, from 
six to eight millimeters in diameter. Fossette consists of a deep depression, at 
the edge of the smooth, oblique space, in the bottom of the calix, extends a 
short distance on the side of the coral, and gradually disappears; position vari- 


able. Denticulations very coarse, seven or eight, in the space of ten millime- 
ters. 


Found in the Lower Devonian, (Corniferous group) at the Falls of the Ohio. 
The specific name, is given in honor of Prof. Alexander Agassiz, of Cambridge 
University, one who has contributed so largely to the advancement of science. 
Now in the collection of the author. 


15. CONTRIBUTION tO 


HEELOPA YL BUM NIGE SI NoSp. 


Prater 6... Bies..:2,/3: 


Corallum simple, or composite, increasing by parietal budding. Attenuate 
at the base of attachment. A short distance above the base, short root-like 
processes sets out for attachment or support. Height of corallites forty milli- 
meters. Diameter of calix twenty millimeters, and somewhat funnel-shaped. 
Depth fifteen millimeters. A smooth depressed space in the bottom of the ealix, 
occupied by the tabule, four millimeters in diameter. Number of lamelle six- 
ty-four, in the circumference of a calix, twenty millimeters in diameter, thin, 
and slightly unequal in size at the margin, alternating below, gradually slop- 
ing, to within five or six millimeters of the smooth space in the bottom of the 
calix, where the short ones terminate, the longer ones coalesces, and continues 
to the smooth space, and abruptly ends, leaving a smooth depressed space in 
the bottom of the calix, four millimeters in diameter. Denticulations fine, con- 
spicuous, nine in the space of five millimeters. Fossette consists of a narrow 
groove, commencing at the edge of the smooth space in the bottom of the ecalix, 
and continues to the margin of the cup; position variable. Exterior very rug- 
ged, when decorticated they have the appearance of .thick invaginated cups. . 
Base of the corallites, when not in contact with the parent cup, are smooth and 
round, appears as if turned in a lathe. 

Found in the Lower Devonian, (Corniferous group) Falls of the Ohio. The 
specific name is in honor of Prof. Wm. H. Niles, professor of Geology in the 
Massachusetts School of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts. Now in the col- 
lection of the author. 


HELIOPHYLLUM TURGIDUM, N. Sp. 


Prate 5. Fias. 4, 5. 


Corallum simple, broadly sub-turbinate, straight, or gradually curved. 
With a broad sear at the base of attachment, rarely acute at the base. Height 
thirty millimeters. Rapidly expanding in diameter to the calix. Exterior with 
a few strong annulations, and wrinkles caused by intermittent growth. Calix 
oblique, broadly campanulate, forty millimeters in diameter. Depth ten milli- 
meters. A convex space, slightly elevated, in the bottom of the calix, occupied 
by the tabule, ten millimeters in diameter. Number of lamelli, varying in 
different individuals, from one hundred and thirty to one hundred and fifty, in 
the circumference of a calix, forty millimeters in diameter, alternating in length, 
sub-equal at the margin, for about five millimeters nearly flat, then gradually 
slope to the bottom of the calix, where the short ones become thinner and grad- 
ually disappear, the longer ones continues to the convex elevation, slightly 


INDIANA PALASONTOLOGY. 16. 


twisted, and terminates, a few extend to the top of the elevation, and gives it 
the appearance of a rough cone. Fossette commences at the bottom of the ca- 
lix, and continues to the anterior margin. Denticulations rather obscure, due 
to the weathered condition of the corallum. 

Found in the Upper Devonian, (Hamilton group) near Charlestown, Indi- 
ana. Now in the collection of the author. 


HELIOPHYLLUM GURLEYI, N. Sp. 


PLATtTEe-6:. Hien). 


Corallum simple, or compound, with a broad scar at the base of attachment, 
rapidly expanding in diameter to the margin of the calix. Exterior with coarse 
annulations and wrinkles, caused by intermittent growth. Height varying 
from fifteen millimeters to five inches; the longest examples are simple ones. 
Diameter of calix, varying in compound corallums, from fifteen to sixty-five 
millimeters. Depth twenty millimeters. A flat space in the bottom of the ca- 
lix, occupied by the tabule, from five to ten millimeters in diameter, in some 
of the cups, the flat space is smooth, in others, the ends of the lamelle are 
broken up and gives to the bottom a rugose appearance. Number of lamellz 
seventy-four in the circumference of a calix, thirty millimeters in diameter, 
sub-equal, rounded, and slightly flattened at the margin, for about ten millime- 
ters nearly flat, then abruptly sloping to the bottom of the calix, wkere the 
short ones terminate, the longer ones are very much elevated, becomes sharper 
as they continue to the center of the calix. Fossette consists of a shallow nar- 
row groove, commencing at the flat space in the bottom of the cup, and continu- 
ing about half way to the anterior margin. Denticulations coarse, well defined, 
from ten to fifteen in the space of ten millimeters. 

The specific name is in honor of Prof. Wm. F. E, Gurley, ex-State Geolo- 
gist of Illinois, an ardent collector, and a good Paleontologist. 

Found in the Upper Devonian, (Hamilton group) near Charlestown, and at 
the different cement quarries, in Clark county, Indiana. Now in the collection 
of the author. 


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ee 


ino 
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= 


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INDIANA PALA-ONTOLOGY. 17. 


HELIOPHYLLUM OBESUY, N. Sp. 


Piate 7, Fies. 1-2-3-4. 


Corallum simple, or compound, increasing by calicular gemmation, with a 
strong blunt base of attachment. Gradually, or at times, rapidly expanding in 
diameter to the calix. Height from forty to seventy millimeters. Usually 
straight. Diameter of calix from twenty to forty millimeters. Depth fifteen 
to twenty millimeters. Situated in the center of the calix, is a convex elevation 
formed by the elevated tabulz, five millimeters in height, and from five to ten 
millimeters in diameter. Number of lamellw, one hundred and ten, in the cir- 
cuinference of a calix, forty millimeters in diameter, unequal in size at the mar- 
gin, alternating below, gradually slopingto near the bottom of the calix, where 
the short ones terminate, or coalesces with the longer ones. The longer ones con- 
tinue, coalescing with the adjacent primary ones, and a few continue to the 
top of the elevated tabule, twisting, and giving to the convex elevation, a cor- 
rugated appearance. This feature is more strongly pronounced, in some ex- 
amples, than in others. Exterior, when decorticated, has the appearance of a 
number of thin invaginated calices. Fossette well pronounced, it consists of 
a shallow depression in the bottom of the cup, near the convex elevation. and 
continues to the margin of the calix: position variable. 

Found in the upper Devonian (Hamilton group) near Charlestown, and 
at the different cement quarries throughout Clark County, Indiana. Now in 


the collection of the author. 
s 


HED 1.0 FY Lb MS Sh A MAN TL. No Sp; 


Piate 7, Fic. 5. 


Corallum simple, or compound. Usually straight, or slightly curved. 
Rather blunt at the base of attachment. With a few strong root-like processes, 
that served for attachment to other objects for support. Height of entire coral- 
lum, one hundred and twenty millimeters. Diameter of parent calix forty mil- 
limeters. Depth twenty-five millimeters, with steep walls. Number of lamelle 
ninety-six, in the circumference of a calix, forty millimeters in diameter, un- 
equal in size at the margin, alternating below, rapidly sloping to the bottom of 
the calix, where the short ones gradually disappear, the longer ones continue to 
within two or three millimeters of the center, coalescing, and abruptly termi- 
nate, leaving a smooth convex space in the bottom of the calix four or tive mil- 
limeters in diameter. Exterior when decorticated very rugose. With numer- 
ous, sharp annulations, and constrictions, caused by periodical growth. Coral- 


~ 


18, CONTRIBUTION TO 


lites unequal in size. With the margins of their calix expanding, from twenty 
to twenty-five millimeters indiameter. Denticulations strong, one millimeter 
or more apart. Fossette consists of a shallow depression at the edge of the 
smooth space in the bottom of the calix, and continues to the anterior margin. 
The specific name is in honor of Prof. A. E. Seaman, professor of Natural 
Science in the Michigan Mining School, Houghton, Michigan. _ 
- Found in the lower Devonian (Corniferous group), at the Falls of the Ohio. 
Now in the collection of the author. 


HBP Ooe iY du Mi SB lar Os. 6 ON. 3s pi: 


Prarie. Higsin6=1=8+ 


Corallum simple, or composite, increasing by calicular gemmation, straight 
or regularly curved. With rather a broad scar at the base of attachment, on. 
the side of the coral, there is a number of slender root-like prolongations, that 
served for attachment to other objects for support. Height from ten to fifteen 
millimeters, calix broad, from eight to fifteen millimeters in diameter. Num- 
ber of lamellee twenty-two, in the space of eight millimeters, unequal in size at 
the margin, alternating below. © Corallites slightly unequal in size, five milli- 
meters in diameter. Depth three millimeters with a smooth space in the bot- 
tom of the calix two or three millimeters in diameter. Denticulations very fine, 
conspicuous, ten or twelve in the space of five millimeters. No fossette ob- 
served in any of the examples examined. 

Found in the upper Silurian (Niagara group), at the Bear Grass Creek 
Quarries. near Louisville, Kentucky. Now in the collection of the author. 


Hy EO Pale Ye Es MP ADR Tr Me ON Sp: 


Priate 8, Fics. 7-8. 


Corallum composite, increase by calicular gemmation, corallites slightly 
unequal in size, somewhat quadrangular, with their margins intimately connect- 
ed, and occupying the entire diameter of the parent cup, Number of lamellz 
sixty to seventy or more, varying in different corallites. In some, the lamellae 
is very thin, and the denticulations are distant, and fine. In others the lamelle 
is numerous, coarse, and the denticulations are very much coarser, and more 
numerous. Acute at the base of attachment, rapidly expanding in diameter to 
the margin of the cup. Height twenty millimeters. Calix broadly bell-shaped, 
varying in different individuals from twenty to fifty millimeters in diameter. 
Exterior very rugged with deep constrictions, and wrinkles, caused by intermit- 
tent growth. No fossette observed in any of the corallites. 


INDIANA PALACONTOLOGY. 19, 


This differs in the manner of gemmation from all other composite forms of 
Heliophyllums. by the corallites being attached to the bottom of the ealix, in- 
stead of growing from the superior margin of the parent cup, as in other species. 

Found in the middle Devonian (upper Helderberg group), Falls of the Ohio. 
Now in the collection of the author. 


BELO PAY LEUM BEE Oo ERIN... Sp, 


PuaTE 8, Fic. 9. 


Corallum simple, or compound, rapidly increasing by calicular, and lateral 
gemmation. Corallum rugged. Corallites unequal in size, rounded, very 
much crowded. especially those springing from the calix. Parent cup rather 
large, very blunt at the base of attachment. Height ninety millimeters. Di- 
ameter of calix forty millimeters. Depth twenty-five millimeters, a flat space 
in the bottom of the calix, occupied by the tabule, fifteen millimeters in diame- 
ter. Number of lamelle, ten in the space of ten millimeters, slightly uneqal in 
size at the margin, alternating below, the short ones extend to the bottom of 
the calix, and abruptly terminate, the longer ones continue on the tabule, grad- 
ually disappearing, and only faintly indicated on the bottom of the calix. Fos- 
sette, if any, very obscure. 

The calix of the new corallites presents a different appearance from the pa- 
rent cup. The lamelle is unequal in size at the margin, alternating in length, 
the short ones extend to the bottom of the calix, and terminate, the longer ones 
continue to the center of the calix, coalescing, twisting, and is elevated into a 
false columella. 

The specific name is in honor of Prof. Charles E. Beecher, of Yale College, 
New Haven, Conn, 

Found in the upper Devonian (Hamilton group), near Charlestown, Indi- 
ana. Now in the collection of the author. 


M. LO: EIN. TAS (S$: PA.6-UlG ATA, IN. Sp: 


Prater. 7, Fies. 11-12: 


Corallum composite, small, eight millimeters in diameter, three millimeters 
in thickness. Tubes round, equal in size, two millimeters in diameter, margins 
slightly elevated, with spine-like elevations about one-half millimeter in height, 
situated at regular intervals. Tube walls vertical, pores small, irregularly 
dispersed, tabule convex, smooth. Surface of corrallum convex, with a con- 
eave base covered with fine papulose structure. 


20. CONTRIBUTION EO 


The small spines at the margin of the cups, and smooth convex tabule, 
makes this easily recognized from all other species. 

Found in the middle Devonian (upper Helderberg group) at the Falls of 
the Ohio. Now in the collection of the author. 


M-LCH ELON A “BIA POUIO.S A. Ne Spi 


Pruate 7, Fias. 18-14-15. 


Corallum, composite, small, not exceeding ten millimeters in its greatest 
diameter, three millimeters in thickness. Tubes rounded, unequal in size, two 
millimeters in diameter, with very thick walls, space between the margins one- 
fourth the diameter of the tubes, slightly elevated above the margin of the 
cups, finely notched, giving to the cup a fine crenulated appearance, lineal fur- 
rows fine, distinct, especially near the margin of the tubes. Mural pores small, 
rather few in number compared to other forms of Michelinia, dispersed with- 
out system; surface of corallum convex. With a concave base, covered with fine 
papulose secretion. 

Found in the middle Devonian (upper Helderberg group) at the Falls of 
the Ohio Now in the collection of the author, 


MC OE BaLN TY As UN Ee Gol hi eA SIN: Sp: 


Prare “(,- Bre, 16, 


Corallum small, not exceeding five millimeters in its greatest diame- 
ter, slightly less than two millimeters in thickness, tubes polygonal, un- 
equal in size, two millimeters or less in diameter; lineal furrows, fine, dis- 
tinct. Tube walls thin. Mural pores numerous and irregularly dispersed. Tabu- 
le smooth, slightly oval; surface of corallum convex, with a slightly concave 
base covered with a fine granulose structure. 

The thin wal!s, and numerous mural pores, and the unequal polygonal tubes, 
makes this easily recognized from all other species. 

Found in the middle Devonian (upper Helderberg group) at the Falls of 
the Ohio. Now in the collection of the author. ; 


Ma COT GN As -G:OU dS V Pie bie N Sse iN OP, 


PLaTE 8, Fies. 10-11-12. 


Corallum small, thin, not exceeding ten millimeters in its greatest 
thickness, with a stout wrinkled epithecal crust on the under side. 
Acute at the point of attachment, diameter varying in different individuals 
from eight to twenty millimeters, the broadest examples observed. Tubes 


were: Oe 


INDIANA PALAZONTOLOGY. 2, 


polygonal, unequal in size, from one to three millimeters in diameter. Mural 
pores large, round, dispersed without any system, three rows is the greatest 
number observed on the sides of the largest tubes. Walls rather thick for the 
size of the corallum. 

The small thin expansion and the strong wrinkled epithecal crust and thick 


walls makes this easily recognized from all other species. 


Found in the upper Silurian (Niagara group) at the Bear Grass Creek 
Quarries, near Louisville, Ky. Now in the collection of the author. 


MICHEDINIA, WILLIAMS © UN: Sp. 


Priate 8, Fie. 138. 


Corallum small, not exceeding fifteen millimeters in its greatest diame- 
ter, with a wrinkled epithecal crust onthe lower side. Tubes polygonal, 
unequal in size, from one-half to two millimeters in diameter. Walls very thin. 
Mural pores somewhat large, not exceeding three rows on the sides of the larg- 
est tubes. Lineal furrows faintly indicated on the margins of the best pre- 
served tubes. This is growing upon a Cystelasma Lanesvillense, (S. A. Miller). 

Found by Mr. Wm. N. Williams, in whose honor the specific name is given, 
in the Warsaw division, of the St. Louis group (Sub-Carboniferous), four miles 
southwest of Bridgeport, Harrison County, Indiana. Now in the collection of 
of the author. 


MECCA LIN FAY CANT ThA, Nop: 


PrLate 9, Fre. 12. 


Corallum small, hemispherical, not exceeding one inch in its greatest di- 
ameter. Growing parasitical on a crinoid stem. Tubes rounded, slightly 
unequal in size, eight millimeters, or less, in diameter, slightly connected by 
their epithecal walls. Lineal furrows deep, conspicuous. Mural pores large, 
numerous, situated in the grooves, Tabule concave, and situated in the bot- 
tom of the tubes, 


The large round tubes and thick walls, and numerous pores situated in the 
grooves, makes this easily recognized from all other species. 

Found in the upper Devonian (Hamilton group), near Charlestown, Indi- 
ana. Now in the collection of the author. 


GA EE BE NSIS os his eR SL, ON. Sp. 


PuateE 7, Fies. 9-10. 


Corallum simple, turbinate, straight, or regularly curved. Acute at the 
base of attachment. Rapidly expanding in diameter to the calix. Height 


22. CON TRIBUTION TO 


sixty millimeters. Calix broadly campanulate, thirty-five miJlimeters in diame- 
ter. Depth twenty millimeters. With a flat space in the bottom of the calix 
occupied by the tabula, twenty millimeters in diameter. Number of lamelle 
sixty-two, in the circumference of calix, thirty-five millimeters in diameter, 
somewhat equal in size and broadly rounded at the margin, alternating below, 
for about tive millimeters gradually, then rapidly slope to the bottom of the 
calix, where the short one terminate. The longer ones become slightly elevated 
and thinner as they approach the bottom of the calix. On reaching the bottom 
they abruptly become thiner and smaller and are only faintly indicated in the 
center of the calix, in some examples the lamelle does not extend to the cen- 
ter of the cup, leaving a smooth space in the bottom five or six millimeters 
in diameter Exterior with shallow, distant annulations, and wrinkles, caused 
by intermittent growth. Fossette consists of a deep depression on the sinistral 
side of the tabula, but does not extend onthe side of the cup. On the dex- 
tral side of the calix there is one principal lamellw, slightly elevated above the 
others, that extends to the center of the calix, and in some examples it extends 
to the margin of the fossette, and abruptly ends. 

Found by Mr. John Sellers, in whose honor the specific name is given, in 
the upper Devonian (Hamilton group), at Speed’s Quarry, Clark County, In- 
diana. Now in the collection of the author. 


Le RY Nd os) OO OAS BES. Ne sep: 


Puate 8, Fie. 1-2-3. 


Corallum simple, elongate turbinate, regular or irregularly curved, or dis- 
torted. Acute at the base of attachment. gradually increasing in diameter to 
the calix.- Height of an adult specimen ninety millimeters. Diameter of calix 
twenty-five millimeters. Depth twenty-five millimeters. Walls very thin and 
vertical. Number of lamelle, seventy in the circumference of a calix, twenty- 
five millimeters in diameter, unequal in size at the margin, alternating below, 
the short ones scarcely more than rudamentary, the longer ones continue to the 
bottom of the calix, and abruptly terminate. Tabule oblique, very thin, occu- 
pies the entire diameter of the corallum. Fossette consists of a slight depres- 
sion, at the dextral margin of the tabule, but does not extend on the side of the 
coral. Exterior with deep constrictions, and wrinkles, caused by intermittent 
growth. 

The very thin deep calix, and broad oblique tabulew, deep constrictions, and 
wrinkles, makes this easily recognized from all other species. 

Found in the middle Devonian (upper Helderberg group), at the Falls of the 
Ohio. Now in the collection of the author. 


INDIANA PALAONTOLOGY. 23. 


LEP REN ES HOB BE S.1, oN. Sp; 


Piate 8, Fies. 4-5-6. 


Corallum simple, elongate turbinate, or conico cylindrical. Acute at the 
base, or in some examples there is a broad scar at the base of attachment. Grad- 
ually increasing in diameter to the calix, in some examples, the diameter is es- 
sentially the same throughout. Calix with thin vertical walls, twenty millime- 
ters in diameter. Depth twenty to thirty millimeters. Tabule flat, occupies 
the entire diameter of the corallum. Number of lamelle seventy to eighty, 
rounded and equa! in size at the margin, alternating below, the short ones be- 
eoming thinner as they approach the bottom of the calix. but disappear before 
reaching the tabule, the longer ones are slightly elevated, and thinner, and con- 
tinue to the tabule, and abruptly terminate, leaving the tabule smooth, and con- 
vex, slightly less than the diameter of the coralium. Exterior with smooth round- 
ed annulations at somewhat regular intervals, and occasionally, a few shallow 
wrinkles, caused by intermittent growth. Fossette consists of a slight depres- 
sion at the margin of the tabule; position variable. 

_ The regular annulations, broad flat tabule, thin vertical walls, and deep 
ealix, makes this easily recognized from all other species. 

Found in the middle Devonian (upper Helderberg group), at the Falls of 
the Ohio. Now in the collection of the author. 


Colich DOP OR A, Go Roy fo oN Sp, 


PLATE 9. sre: oie 


Undose laminar expansions. With a central or sub-central attachment. 
Composed of slightly flattened radiating tubules, intimately joined at their mar- 
gins. Forming a thin wrinkled epithecal crust, covering the entire under sur- 
face. Tubes near the base comparitively small, gradually expanding and be- 
coming more flattened as they approach the surface, and open in oblique oblong 
orifices, from two to three millimeters wide, and from one to two millimeters in 
height. Tube walls rather thick. Pores large, not very numerous; one, very 
rarely two rows ina tube. Tabule, not very well pronounced, faint traces 
can be observed in some tubes near the margin. 

The thin undose expansion, the large dilated orifices, and thick walls, and 
large pores, makes this easily recognized from all other species. 

The specific name is in honor of Prof. Wm.F. E. Gurley, Ex-State Geolo- 
gist of Illinois, an ardent collector, and a good Palzontologist. 

Found in the lower Devonian (Corniferous group), at the Falls of the Ohio. 
Now in the collection of the author. 


24, CONTRIBUTION <3 


CLADOPORA IN TERME DEA, N= Sp: 


‘PEATE 9. HIG. os 


Undose laminar expansion, composed of thin, slightly flattened, radiating | 


tabules, intimately joined at their margins, forming a thin, wrinkled epithecal 
crust, covering the entire under surface. Tubes with moderately thick walls, 
smooth, oblique. With dilated orifices, from one to two millimeters wide, and 
one millimeter, more or less, in height. Pores very small, and not very numer- 
ous. Tabule not visible in any of the examples examined. Surface very no- 
dose. 

This is an intermediate species between C. Gurleyi, of the same plate, and 
C. Winchellana, of (S. A. Miller). The thin undose expansion, and nodose sur- 
face, with oblique, dilated orifices, makes this easily recognized from all other 
species. 

Found in the lower Devonian (Corniferous group), at the Falls of the Ohio. 
Now in the collection of the author. 


BLOT ROP RY GG bale M. BUCCAL Hone uy i Ns Sp: 


Pirate 9, Fie. 3-4-5. 


Corallum simple, elongate turbinate, or sub-cylindrical, straight, or slightly 
curved with sharp constrictions, and numerous annulations, caused by intermit- 
tant growth. Height varying in different individuals, from twenty-five to sixty 
millimeters, or more. Diameter of calix twenty millimeters. Depth ten mil- 
limeters. A flat space in the bottom of the calix, occupied by the tabule, eight 
or ten millimeters in diameter. Number of lamellz seventy or eighty, alternat- 
ing in size, and length, gradually sloping to the bottom of the calix, where the 
short ones terminate, the longer ones are elevated, sharp and extend to near the 
center of the calix, leaving a smooth flat space, from three to five millimeters in 
diameter. Fossette consists of a slight depression in the bottom of the cup, but 
disappears before reaching the margin of the calix. 

Found in the upper Devonian (Hamilton group), two miles north-west of 
Charlestown, Indiana. Now in the collection of the author. 


BOs TO ey, ie ie Do CON. DG eo UM Ns Spe 


Piate 9, Fies. 6-7-8. 


Corallum simple, elongate, turbinate, or cylindrical, straight or curved. 
Acute at the base of attachment. Gradually expanding to the calix. Exterior 
with constrictions, and annulations, caused by intermittant growth. Height of 
longest corallum seventy-five millimeters. Depth eight millimeters. Number of 


i ae 7 " 
" 


INDIANA PALASONTOLOGY. 25. 


lamelle sixty, in thecircumference of a cup, thirteen millimeters in diameter, al- 
ternating in length, nearly equal in size at the margin, abruptly sloping to the 
bottom of the calix, where the short ones terminate, the longer ones beeome ele- 
vated, sharp, and continue on the bottom, coalescing and fasciculating, and is ele- 
vated into a sharp cone, from three to five millimeters in height. No fossette. 

Found in the upper Devonian (Hamilton group), near Charlestown, Indi- 
ana. Now in the collection of the author. 


BLOTHROPHYLEUM IN CD GLY UM, N.-Sp. 


PuiateE 9, Fies. 9-10. 


Corallum simple, turbinate. or elongate turbinate. Straight, or regular- 
ly curved. Acute at the base of attachment. Gradually and regularly 
enlarging in diameter to the calix. Height, varying in different individuals, 
from forty-five to seventy-five millimeters. Calix broad, bell-shaped, twenty to 
twenty-five millimeters in diameter. Depth ten to fifteen millimeters. A flat 
convex space in the bottom of the calix, occupied by the tabulex, ten or twelve 
millimeters in diameter. Number of lamelle seventy, in the circumference of a 
cup, twenty millimeters in diameter, unequal in size, and slightly rounded at 
the margin, alternating below, gradually, or in some examples, rapidly sloping 
to the bottom of the calix, where the short ones abruptly terminate, the longer 
ones continue on the tabule, to the center of the calix, coalescing, and slightly 
twisting. and terminate; not elevated. Exterior, with numerous, round- 
ed annulations, and sharp constrictions, and when decorticated the sur- 
face is covered with broad, shallow vesicles, and the numerous, sharp constric- 
tions, gives to the corallum, the appearance of a series of thin invaginated ca- 
lices. Fossette conspicuous; it consists of a deep, narrow pit, situated at the 
anterior margin of the tabulw, but does not extend far on the side of the calix. 

Found in the upper Devonian (Hamilton group) near Charlestown, and 
at the different cement quarries, throughout Clark County, Indiana. Now in 
the collection of the author. 


WE Py Pay DB ea. WX ANS Me Ni-Sp: 


PLate o> Ere. Li, 


Corallum compound, increasing by lateral gemmation, corallites rarely in 
contact. Exterior with gentle undulations, and wrinkles, caused by periodical 
growth. Longitudinal strie distinct. Heighttwenty millimeters. Diameter of 
corallites. varying, from ten to twenty millimeters. Depth fifteen millimeters. 
Number of lamelle, from sixty to seventy, uniform in size at the margin, alter- 
nating in length, the short ones end abruptly, on reaching the bottom of the 
calix, the longer ones become elevated, and continues to the vertical wall of the 
internal area. Internal area smooth, three millimeters in diameter. Fossette 
obscure. Denticulations fine, eight in the space of five millimeters. 

Found in the middle Devonian (upper Helderberg group) at the Falls of 
the Ohio. Now in the collection of the author. 


ee a ES ew 


rT, es ae a, a = f 
* ! : 
ea ; ‘ 
= Ae oa , 
Pay, : 3 | 
ie ss 
* ® . 
i, sl 4 
. ’ . 
: 
; 
- 7 
i 
° 
: 
: 
> 
: 


a? gd ‘ Sit , a’: as 


INDIANA PALEONTOLOGY. %. 


DLPHYPHYLLUM WADSWORTHI, N. Sp. 


Pirate 10. Fie. 1. 


Corallum composite, with a wrinkled, epithical crust at the base of attach- 
ment. Corallites never very much crowded, from twenty to fifty millimeters 
in length, rounded, unequal in size, from ten to twenty millimeters in 
diameter, one-third to one half larger at the calix than at the base. stems 
strongly annulated, caused. by periodical swellings; frequently they are 
attached by the epithica at these swellings, rarely in contact their entire 
length. The calix in most of the stems is very shallow, caused by the calicular 


‘growth. Situated in the center of the calix is a smooth, horse-shoe shaped 


area, somewhat oblong, inclosed in a vertical wall, from one to two mil- 
limeters wide, and from two to three millimeters long. Number of lamelle 
forty-eight, in the circumference of a calyx twenty millimeters in diameter, 
rounded and equal in size at the margin, alternating below, for about five 
millimeters flat, then gradually slope to the bottom of calix, where+the short 
ones terminate; the longer ones continue to the margin of the vertical wall, in 
the center of the calyx, and abruptly end. Denticulations rather . fine, ten in 
the space of five millimeters. Fossette consists of a slight depression at the 
edge of the smooth, horse-shoe shaped area, but does not continue on the side 
of the calix. 


The specific name is in honor of Dr. Marshman E. Wadsworth, ex-Presi- 


dent of the Michigan Mining:School, Houghton, Michigan. 


The short, rapidly enlarging stems, and the manner in which they attach 


themselves, and the peculiar calix, makes this easily recognized from all other 


apeecies. ° 
Found in the upper Devonian (Hamilton group) at the Clark County Ce- 
ment quarries, Clark county, Indiana. Now in the collection of the author. 


DIPRA PAV LLUM LAS UM. N:. Sp: 


Pirate: 102 fires. (2-3: 


Corallum composite, rather small, growing somewhat lax. Parent cup 
aeute at the base of attachment. Rapidly increasing by lateral gemmation, 
tubes not exceeding thirty millimeters in length, unequal in size, from five to 
fifteen millimeters in diameter. Calix oblique, funnel shaped. Depth ten 
millimeters. A smooth space, horse-shoe shaped, situated in the bottom of the 
ealyx, surrounded by a vertical wall, from one to two millimeters in diameter. 


27. CONTRIBUTION TO 


Number of lamelle fifty-eight, in the circumference of a calix, fifteen millimeters 
in diameter, rounded and equal in size at the margin, alternating below, rapidly 
sloping to the bottom of the calix, where the short ones gradually terminate; 
the longer ones continue to the margin of the vertical wall in the bottom of the 
ealix, and abrnptly end. Denticulations fine, ten in the space of seven 
millimeters. Fossette in some of the cups obscure; when visible, it consists 
of a slight depression at the edge of the horse-shoe shaped area, but does not 
extend on the side of the calix. 

Found in the upper Devonian (Hamilton group), near Charlestown, Indi- 
ana. Now in the collection of the author, 


DIP YPHYL GUM PROLAT UM, oN. ‘Sp, 


PGA le erers elle 


Corallum composite, rapidly increasing, by both lateral, and calicular gem- 
mation, growing rather loose, corallites never very much crowded. There is a 
broad scar at the base of attachment of the parent cup. Height of the longest 
corallites two and one-half inches. Diameter of calyx from eight to eighteen 
millimeters. Depth five to ten millimeters, with a smooth, horse-shoe shaped 
area, surrounded by a vertical wall in the center of the calix, two millimeters 
in diameter. Number of lamella, forty-six, in the circumference of a calix fif- 
teen millimeeers in diameter, equal, or in some cups, slightly unequal at the 
margin, alternating below, for two or three millimeters from the margin, 
nearly flat, then abruptly slope to the bottom of the calix, where the short ones 
terminate. The longer ones continue to the vertical wall in the center of the 
calix, and abruptly end. Denticulations fine, sharp; seven in the space of four 
millimeters. 

The loose spreading stems, and the lateral and calicular manner of increas- 
ing, makes this easily recognized from all other species. 

Found in the upper Devonian (Hamilton group), near Charlestown, Indi- 
ana. Now in the collection of the author. 


Dare Y PAY G2 MAD UNO a ee Nesp; 


PraAtEe to... Biers 


Corallum solid, rather large, composite, rapidly increasing by lateral gem- 
mation. Corallites unequal in size, from five to fifteen millimeters in diameter, 
intimately connected throughout their length. Calix broadly bell-shaped. 
Number of lamella, forty-five in a calix, fifteen millimeters in diameter. A 


= 


——— 
‘ tin sof 


INDIANA PALEONTOLOGY. 28. 


flat, convex space in the bottom of the calix, from five to seven millimeters in 


diameter. Situated in the center of the flat area, is a smooth space, horse-shoe 
shaped, with vertical walls, three millimeters in diameter. At the margin of 
the cups the lamelle are equal in size, alternating below, the short ones extend 
to the bottom of the calix, and gradually disappears; the longer ones are slight- 
ly elevated, and continue on the bottom of the cup, to the vertical wall, in the 
center of the calix, and abruptly terminate. 

In some of the corallites, they have the decided appearance of prolific gem- 
mation. In a vertical section, the corallites have the appearance of thin, 
somewhat distant inv aginated cups, caused by the contraction and expansion of 
the periodical growth. 

Found in the Middle Devonian (upper Helderberg group) at the Falls of 
the Ohio. Now in the collection of the author. 


PTYCHOPHYLLUM GEMMATUM, N. Sp. 


Peare, 12:5. Ries: 253. 


Corallum rather small, simple, or composite, increasing by lateral gemma- 
tion; base rather broad, having root-like processes for attachment to some for- 
eign bodies. Height varying in different examples, from twenty to thirty milli- 
meters. Exterior with sharp constrictions, and wrinkles, caused by intermittent 
growth. When decorticated, the longitudinal strie is distinct, about one 
millimeter in thickness. Calix rather broad, bell-shaped, fifteen millimeters in 
diameter. Depth ten millimeters. Number of lamelle, seventy-six in the 
circumference of a calix, fifteen millimeters in diameter, alternating in length, 
equal in size at the margin, the short ones not over five millimeters in length; 
the longer ones continue to the center of the calix, flexuous and slightly 
twisted, but not elevated. No fossette visible. 


Found in the middle Devonian (upper Helderberg group), at the Falls of 
the Ohio. Now in the collection of the author. 


PTY CHOPHYLLUM BENEDI CTI, .N.. Sp. 


Pratre 12. . Fies. 4—5-6: 


Corallum simple, or composite, increasing by calicular gemmation, turbi- 


nate, straight or irregularly curved. Acute at the base of attachment. Gradu- 


ally, or in some examples, more rapidly expanding in diameter to the calix. 
Height twenty-five millimeters. Calix broadly bell-shaped, twenty to thirty- 


29. CONTRIBUTION. TO 


five millimeters in diameter. Depth five to ten millimeters, varying in different. 
individuals. A flat convex space in the bottom of the calix, occupied by the 
tabule from five to ten millimeters in diameter. Number of lamelle, eighty in 
the circumference of a calix, twenty-five millimeters in diameter, rounded and 
equal in size at the margin, atieenetiie below, from five to ten millimeters from 
the margin flat, or slightly oval, then abruptly slope to the bottom of the calix, 
where they coalesce, and continue to the center of the calix, fasciculating, and 
twisting, but not elevated. In the example Fig. No. 5, the lamelle does not 
coalesce, but the short ones, on reaching the bottom of the cup, abruptly end; 
the longer ones, continue slightly elevated, and near the center of the calix they 
coalesce with the adjacent ones, and terminate, not eievated. No fossette. The — 
exterior is somewhat rugged with strong rough wrinkles and deep constrictions, 
caused by periodical growth. 

The specific name is in honor of Mr. A. C. Benedict, of Indianapolis, In- 
diana. 

Found in the Niagara group (upper Silurian) at the Beargrass creek quar- 
ries, near Louisville, Kentucky. Now in the collection of the author. 


CVS TI PHY Gi AM EEL ALTE My UN. Sp. 


PuateE 10. Fies. 4-5. 


Corallum simple, turbinate or elongate turbinate, straight or regularly 
eurved. Acute at the base of attachmedt. Gradually or rapidly increasing in 
diameter to the calix. Exterior rather rugged, with coarse, irregnlar annula- 
tions and constrictions, caused by intermittent growth. When decorticated they 
have the appearance of thin, invaginated cups. Height varying in different 
individnals from one to six inches or more. Calix somewhat bell-shaped, from 
fifteen to thirty millimeters in diameter. Depth twenty to thirty millimeters, 
with a concave space in the bottom of the calix, occupied by large cysts, from 
ten to fifteen millimeters in diameter. Number of septa one hundred in a calix 
twenty-five millimeters in diameter. Somewhat irregular in ‘size. Abruptly 
slope to the edge of the concave area in the bottom of the calix, and terminate. 
The exterior shows numerous small cysts, not more than ene-third to one-half 
as large as those situated in the bottom of the calix. 

The concave bottom of the calix, covered with large cysts, the conspicuous 
septa free from cysts, and the small cysts on the exterior, with the appearance 
of thin invaginated cups, makes this easily recognized from all other species. 

Found in the upper Devonian (Hamilton group), two miles northwest of 
Charlestown, Indiana. Now in the collection of the author, * 


INDIANA PALEONTOLOGY. 30 


"CYSTIPHYLLUM OSCULUM, N. 8p. 


Pirate 10. Fies. 6-7-8. 


Corallum simple, turbinate, or subturbinate. Gradually or sometimes ir- 
regularly curved. Acute at the bsse of attachment, gradually enlarging to the 
ealix. Height varying in different individuals, from forty-five to sixty milli- 
meters. Calix funnel-shaped, fifteen millimeters in diameter. Depth fifteen 
millimeters; sides regularly sloping to the bottom of the cup. A few rounded 
lamelle appear near the margin of the calix, but rarely extend to the bottom of 
the calix. The vesicles in the calix appear as irregular swellings, giving to 
the calix a somewhat undulating appearance. _ Exterior with few distant shal- 
low annulations and wrinkles; when dicorticated the surtace is covered with 
numerous fine cysts. 

Found in the upper Devonian (Hamilton group), near Charlestown, and at 
the different cement quarries throughout Clark county, Indiana. Now in the 
colleetion of the author. 


CYTSTIFPAYTLLUUM CONST RICTUM, NN. Sp. 


Pirate 10. Fies. 9-10-11-12. 


Corallum simple, turbinate or subturbinate, straight or irregularly curved. 
Acute at the base, or in some examples there is a broad scar at the base of at- 
tachment. Height varying in different individuals, from forty to seventy 
millimeters; slightly enlarging towards the calix. Exterior with a thick, 
smooth epithical crust, and strong rounded, irregular annulations, and deep. 
constrictions, caused by intermittent growth. Calix shallow, oblique, twenty- 
five millimeters in diameter. Depth from five, to fifteen millimeters. There 
are numerous fine lamellz near the margin of the calix, that extend five or ten 
millimeters from the margin of the cup, and gradually disappear. There are a. 
few vesicles situated in the bottom of the calix. When the epitheca is pre- 
served, there is no indication of cysts, but when decorticated, they are numer- 
ous, and the corallum has the appearance of a number of thin, distant, invagi- 
nated cups. 

The thick, smooth, epithecal crust, and the strong rounded annulations, 
and deep constrictions, and the thin, invaginated cups, make this easily recog-. 
nized from all other species. 

Found in the lower Devonian (corniferous group), at the Falls of the Ohio 
Now in the collection of the author. 


31. CONTRIBUTION. TO 


CAS TIPHYL LUM PARASITE LC WM,” Qvo-Rp, 


PLate 12. Fies. 7-8-9. 


Corallum simple, oblique, subturbinate, straight, or flexuous. With a 
broad sear at the base, or in some examples they are acute at the base of attach- 
ment. With root like processes that serve for attachment and support. Ex- 
amples with broad bases, rarely exceed three or four millimeters in height on 
the anterior side, posterior side, from one to two millimeters. Diameter of 
some corallums is essentially the same throughout; in other examples, especially 
those having acute bases, are from two to five millimeters in height, rapidly 
expanding in diameter to the calix. Calix oblique, from two to five millimeters 
in diameter, varying in different individuals. Depth about equal the diameter 
in the same corallum. In the bottom of the calix, there is from one to five cysts 
somewhat large and oval, and in some others they are on the sides, and near the 
- margin of the calix. Near the margin of the cup, when not interrupted by the 
cysts, fine septa, scarcely more than rudimentary, may be observed. Exterior 
of well preserved specimens have a strong wrinkled epitheca, and fine distinct 
longitudinal striae. . 

These are found single, or in great numbers, attached to Favosites Za- 
pbrentis, and fragments of other marine organisms. 


Found in the middle Devonian (upper Helderberg group), at the Falls of 
the Ohio. Now in the collection of the author. 


OFS TIP RY ELUM INEOUNDIT BULLE OR SETS, NS Sp, 


Pirate 12. Fie. 10-11-12. 

Corallum small, simple, turbinate, increasing by proliferous growth. Acute 
at the base of attachment. Usually straight, or slightly curved. Height vary- 
ing in different individuals, from twenty to fifty millimeters. Calix oblique, 
from ten to fifteen millimeters in diameter. Depth ten millimeters. Exterior 
with sharp constriction. When decorticated it has the appearance of thin, 
invaginated funnel-shaped cups. At the margin of the cup, fine septa is ob- 
served, and the cysts are faintly indicated. As they approach the center of the 
calix, the cysts become larger, and more numerous, leaving no trace of septa. 
On the exterior the cysts are unequal in size, and not so large as those in the 
calix. 

The thin, oblique, funnel-shaped, invaginated cups, makes this easily recog- 
nized from all other species. 

Found in the middle Devonian (upper Helderberg group), Falls of the 
Ohio. Now in the collection of the author. 


INDIANA PALAZONTOLOGY. 32 


ZAPHRENTIS NANUS, N. Sp. 


Pirate 11. Fics. 2—3-4—5-6. 


Corallum simple, turbinate, straight or regularly curved. Acute at the 
base of attachment, gradually or at times more rapidly expanding in diameter, 
to the ealix. Exterior with broad, irregular annulations, and shallow constric- 
tions. Height twenty millimeters. Calix somewhat campanulate, ten milli- 
meters in diameter. Depth five millimeters; with a flat space in the bottom of 
the cup. occupied by the tabule. Six millimeters in diameter. Number of 
lamelle, fifty-two, in the cireumference of a calix, ten millimeters in diameter; 
unequal in size at the margin, alternating in length, the short ones are scarcely 
more than rudimentary; the longer ones abruptly slope to within a short dis- 
tance of the center, and terminate, leaving a smooth convex space in the bot- 
tom of the calix, from two to three millimetersin diameter, No fossette visible 
in any of the specimens examined. 


Superficially this has some resemblance to Z. Acuticornis of Part 1, Plate 
2, Figs. 9-10. But this species has no fossette, and the smooth convex space in 
the center of the calix, is more pronounced in this species than in that. 

Found in the upper Devonian (Hamilton group), near Charlestown, Indi- 
ana. Now in the collection of the author. 


HELIOPHYLLUM JACKSONI,; N. Sp. 


Priate ll. Fires. 7-8. 


Corallum simple. or compound. Acute at the base of attachment, Rap- 
idly increasing in diameter to the margin of the calix. Exterior with strong 
rounded annulations and constrictions. Height varying in different examples 
from twenty-five to forty millimeters. Calix broadly bell-shaped, from thirty 
to thirty-five millimeters in diameter. Depth fifteen millimeters, with a flat 
space in the bottom of the cup, occupied by the tabule, ten millime- 
ters in diameter. Number of lamellz. sixty in the circumference of a calix, 
thirty millimeters in diameter, unequal in size at the margin, alternating below, 
from three to four millimeters from the margin, flat or slightly oval, then 
gradually slope to the bottom of the calix, where the short ones terminate; the 
longer ones continue to the center of the calix, coalescing, and are slightly 
elevated, not twisted. Denticulations course, irregular in position, from one 
to two millimeters apart. Fossette conspicuous, commences near the center of 
the calix, and continues to the anterior margin. 


CON ERIBUTION FO | 33. 


The specific name, is in honor of Dr. R. T. Jackson, the eminent Palezontol- 
ogist, of Harvard University. 

Found in the upper Devonian (Hamilton group), near Charlestown, Indi- 
ana. Now inthe eollection of the author. ; 


BLOTHROPHYLLUM BELLICINCTUM, N. Sp. 


Puate 11. Fries. 9-10. 


Corallum simple. elongate turbinate, straight or regularly curved. Acute 
at the base of attachment, gradually or at times, more rapidly expanding in 
diameter to the calix. Exterior with shallow annulations, and sharp constric- 
tions, and wrinkles, caused by intermittent growth. Epithica thin; when de- 
corticated it has the appearance of a number: of thin invaginated cups, with 
large oblong vesicles on the surface. Height varying in different individuals, 
from thirty to one hundred millimeters or more. Calix funnel-shaped. from 
twenty-five to forty millimeters in diameter. Depth twenty-five to thirty-five 
millimeters. Number of lamellz seventy, in the circumference of a calix, thir- 
ty-five millimeters in diameter. Very unequal in size at the margin; 
-alternating.in length, the short ones scarcely more than rudimentary; the 
longer ones are somewhat thick at the margin, growing thinner as they gradu- 
ally slope to the center of the calix, and terminate. Fossette consists of a 
‘deep depression in the center of the calix, but does not extend far on the side 
of the cup. ; 

The thin wrinkled epithica, and the deep funnel-shaped calix, and the 
large oblong vesicles, on the exterior, makes this easily recognized from all other 
species. 

Found in the middle Devonian (upper Helderberg group), at the Falls of 
the Ohio. Now in the collection of the author. 


ae ee, ea ee 


_— ee Te. Perera es 


is 


own. 


a, ee ee ey 


eek 
7 7 


eh 
jn 


po ia 


INDIANA PALAZONTOLOGY. 34, 


CYSTIPATELUM INV AGINAT UM, Ns 'Sp, 


PLaTe 13. Fie. 1-2. 


Corallum simple, large and somewhat rugged, turbinate, or elongate . tur- 
binate. Straight or irregularly curved, or geniculated. Acute at the point of 
attachment. Gradually, or in some examples, more rapidly expanding in di- 
ameter to the calix. Height varying in different individuals, from two and one 
half to seven inches or more. Calix broadly bell-shaped, from thirty to seventy 
millimeters in diameter. Depth thirty to fifty millimeters, and funnel-shaped. 
Situated in the calix is one or two, and in some examples three depressions, ap- 
pearing like fossettes, but occupying different positions in the different 
eorallums. In some cups these depressions are scarcely more than ru- 
dimentary ; when they are strongly pronounced in the cup, there is a corre- 
sponding elevation on the exterior of the corallum. Septa numerous, in many 
places it appears as fine strie, in other places it is more conspicuous, in these 
places there are fourteen in the space of ten millimeters. Near the margin of the 
calix, the vesicles are larger than they appear below, in some examples the 
large cysts are confined to the bottom of the calix, and smaller ones appear near 
the margin, always confined on the anterior side of the cup. In examples where 
the margin of the cup is broken away, large vesicles will appear on the broken 
surface. Exterior somewhat rugged, with numerous annulations, and sharp, 
shallow constrictions. When decorticated the corallum has the appearance of 
numerous thin invaginated cups with crenulated margins. 


Found in the upper Devonian (Hamilton group), at Charlestown, and 
above the cement rock, at the different quarries, throughout Clark county, 
Indiana. Now in the eollection of the author. 


HELIOPHYLLUM SHERZERI, N. Sp. 


Pirate 13. Fies. 3—4—5-6. 


Corallum simple, turbinate, or elongate turbinate. Straight, or regularly 
eurved. Acute at the base, or in some examples there is a broad scar at the 
base of attachment. Height varying in different examples, from thirty to one 
hundred millimeters. The calix of some are very much contracted, while some 
others are broadly bell-shaped, varying in different individuals, from ten to 
twenty-five millimeters in diameter. Depth ten millimeters. In the bottom of 
the calix there is a flat space occupied by the tabule, from five to ten millime- 
ters in diameter. Number of lamelle eighty, equal in size, and sharp at the 
margin; alternating below, rapidly, or in some cups more gradually sloping to 


CONTRIBUTION TO 


the bottom of the calix, where the short ones gradually disappear; the longer 
ones continue, coalescing with the tabule, to within two or three millimeters of 
the center of the calix, and abruptly terminate, leaving a smooth, depressed 
space in the bottom of the calix, from four to six millimeters in diameter. Ex- 
terior with rough distant annulations, sharp, and deep constrictions, caused by 
periodical growth. Fossette consists of a deep depression at the margin of the 
smooth depressed space in the bottom of the calix, and extends to the anterior 
margin. Denticulations fine, but not closely arranged. 


The specific name is in honor of Prof. Will H. Sherzer, Professor of Natu- 
ral Science in the State Normal School, Ypsilanti, Michigan. 

Found in the middle Devonian (upper Helderberg group), at the Falls of 
the Ohio. Now in the collection of the author. 


HELTOP HY Ui M MINUS U LUM. =N, Sp. 


Patz. 13. Fires. 7—8. 


Corallum simple, turbinate, straight or regularly curved, with a broad sear 
at the point of attachment. Gradually, or in some examples, more rapidly ex- 
panding in diameter to the calix. Height twenty-five millimeters. Diameter 
of calix twenty millimeters. Depth fifteen millimeters. With an oblique con- 
vex space in the bottom of the calix, occupied by the tabule, eight millimeters 
in diameter. Number of lamelle ninety-four, in the circumference of a calix 
twenty millimeters in diameter; unequal in size, and sharp at the margin, alter- 
nating below, gradually sloping to the bottom of the calix, where the short ones 
terminate; the longer ones continue coalescing with the tabule; a few extend 
to the center of the cup, and abruptly end. There are two fossettes, situated 
on the posterior, and anterior sides, the principal one is situated on the anterior 
side; both of them commence at the margin of the concave space, and extend to 
the margin of the calix. Denticulations rather coarse, one millimeter apart. 
Exterior with irregular annulations, and shallow constrictions, caused by periodi- 
eal growth. 

Found in the middle Devonian (upper Helderberg group), at the Falls of 
the Ohio. Now inthe collection of the author. 


ECP OP Ya Mis TM ON Nesp. 


PLATT, 14... Fie. a7: 


Corallum simple, or composite, increasing by calicular gemmation. Acute 
at the base of attachment. Rapidly increasing in diameter to the calix. 


INDIANA PALASONTOLOGY. 36. 


Height of entire corallum ninety millimeters. Exterior with numerous deep 
constrictions and wrinkles, caused by intermittent growth. Corallites when 
decorticated, have the appearance of a number of invaginated cups. Calix 
broad, bell-shaped, from thirty to thirty-five millimeters in diameter. Depth 
ten to fifteen millimeters; a flat space in the bottom of the cups, occupied by 
the tabule, from ten to twelve millimeters in diameter. Number of lamelle 
seventy, in the circumference of a calix thirty millimeters in diameter, rounded 
and equal in size at the margin, alternating below for about five millimeters 
flat, then abruptly slope to the bottom of the calix, where the short ones grad- 
ually disappear. The longer ones continue to within three millimeters of the 
center of the cup, and abruptly terminate, leaving a smooth convex space in the 
bottom of the calix, six millimeters in diameter. Denticulations moderately 
coarse, eight in the space of five millimeters. Fossette consists of a slight de- 
pression at the margin of the tabule, but does not extend on the side of the 
ealix. Position variable. - 


The specific name is in honor of Dr. John Lemon, of New Albany, Ind., an 
ardent collector and a good palaeontologist. 


Found in the lower Devonian (Corniferous group), at the Falls of the Ohio. 
Now in the collection of the author. 


ZAPHRENTIS GROSBACHI, N. Sp. 


PrarTe 13: \Fias..9-16-11-12. 


Corallum simple, rather below medium size, turbinate, straight or irregu- 
larly curved. Acute at the base of attachment, gradually expanding 
in diameter to the calix. Height varying in different examples, trom fifteen to 
twenty-five millimeters. Diameter of calix from ten to fifteen millimeters. 
Depth five to seven millimeters, with a smooth, depressed, convex space in the 
bottom of the calix, occupied by the tabnle, from five to seven millimeters in 
diameter. Exterior rather rough, with coarse annulations and constrictions, 
caused by intermittent growth. Number of lamelle, fifty-four in the circum- 
ference of a calix fifteen millimeters in diameter; unequal in size at the margin, 
and rather sharp, alternating in length; the short ones abruptly slope to the 
bottom of the calix, and gradually disappear; the longer ones rapidly for a 
short distance, then gradually slope to the depressed convex space in the bot- 
tom of the calix, and abruptly terminate, leaving a smooth, depressed convex 
space in the bottom of the calix, about six millimeters in diameter. No fossette 
in any of the examples in my collection. 

Found by Mr. Henry Grosbach, of Sellersburg, in whose honor the specific 


name is given, in the upper Devonian (Hamilton group), near Sellersburg, 
Clark county, Ind. Now in the collection of the author. 


37. CONTRIBUTIONS 


EAP RHR EN ELS: OPPEDLT!,. “Ni Sp. 


Pirate 14. Figs. 10-11-12-13. 


Corallum simple, turbinate, straight or regularly curved. Acute at the 
base of attachment, gradually, and regularly expanding to the calix. Height 
varying in different individuals, from twenty to forty millimeters. Exterior 


with strong, rounded longitudinal strie, ten in the space of eight miilimeters; 
and numerous sharp constrictions and wrinkles, caused by intermittent growth. 
Diameter of calix, from ten to eighteen millimeters. Depth, twelve millimeters. 
A smooth, convex space in the bottom of the calix, six millimeters in 
diameter. Number of lamelle, sixty-four, in the circumference of a calix, 
eighteen millimeters in diameter, slightly rounded, and very unequai in size at 
the margin, alternating below, the short ones merely rudimentary; the longer 
ones gradually slope to the smooth convex space in the bottom of the calix, and 
abruptly terminate. Fossette consists of a deep depression, at the anterior 
margin, of the smooth convex space in the bottom of the cup, and extends to 


the margin of the ealix. 

The specific name is in honor of Dr. Otto Oppelt, of New Albany, Ind., 
an expert chemist, and an ardent collector. 

Found in the Knobstone group, (sub-carboniferous), at Stone’s Farm, one 
and one-half miles east of Bridgeport, Clark county, Indiana. Now in the 
collection of the author. 


LAPR RENE LS BREW LC ORN US. Nao. 


Puate 15. Fies. 7-8. 


Coralium simple, turbinate, straight, or regularly curved. Acute at the 


base of attachment. Regularly expanding in diameter to the calix. Height. 


on the side of the longest curviture,seventy millimeters; shortest side, thirty-five 
millimeters. Calix oblique, thirty-five millimeters in diameter. Depth thirty 
millimeters. A smooth convex space in the bottom of the calix, occupied by 
the tabule, eight millimeters in diameter. Number of lamelle, one hundred in 
the circumference of a calix, thirty-five millimeters in diameter; unequal in size 
at the margin, alternating below; the short ones are twelve or fifteen millimeters. 
in length, the longer ones continue to the smooth convex space in the center of 
the calix, and abruptly end. Exterior with a few broad, rounded annulations 
and deep constrictions, caused by intermittent growth. Fossette consists of a 
slight depression at the anterior margin of the convex space, in the bottom of 
the cup, and continues as a shallow groove to the margin of the calix. 

Found in the upper Devonian (Hamilton group), near Charlestown, and 


in the strippings, above the cement rock, at the different quarries throughout. 


Clark county, Indiana. Now in the collection of the author, 


> ” 
——— = es 


INDIANA PALAONTOLOGY. 38. 


ZAPHRENTIS ALBERSI, N. Sp. 


Pruate 15. Fies: 9-10-11 


Corallum simple, turbinate, majority of specimens slightly compressed, ‘ 
straight, or gradually curved. Acute at the point of attachment Gradually 
increasing in diameter to the calix. Height varying in different individuals, 
from thirty to thirty-five millimeters. Calix somewhat compressed, twenty five 
millimeters in its longest diameter. Depth fifteen millimeters. A flat space 
in the bottom of the calix, occupied by the tabule, ten millimeters in diameter. 
Number of lamellz, ninety, in the circumference of a calix, twenty-five millime- 
ters in diameter, slightly unequal in size at the margin, alternating below, 
gradually sloping to the bottom of the calix, where the short ones terminate; 
the longer ones continue to within two millimeters of the center, and abruptly 
ends, leaving a convex space in the center of the calix, four millimeters 
in diameter. Fossette consists of a deep depression at the margin of the con- 
vex space in the center of the cup, and extends to the margin of the calix. 
Exterior with shallow, irregular annulations, and constrictions, caused by peri- 
odical growth; longitudinal striz distinct, seven in the space of five millime- 
ters. 

The specific name is in honor of Mr. A. Albers, of Cincinnati, Ohio, the 
artist who engraved the figures on this plate. 


Found in the Middle Devonian (upper Helderberg group) at the Falls of 
the Ohio. Now in the collection of the author. 


Ci AER AXON TA BORDEN D.2 ON. Sp: 


Prare 14. Fires. 3—4—5-6: 


Corrallum simple, turbinate, regularly curved. Acute at the base of at- 
tachment, regularly, and gradually expanding in diameter to the calix. Height 
twenty to twenty-five millimeters. Diameter of calix eight millimeters. Depth 
five millimeters, with nearly vertical walls. A smooth conical elevation in the 
bottom of the calix, two millimeters in diameter at the base, and three millime- 
ters in height. Number of lamelle, thirty-six, in the cireumference of a ecalix 
eight millimeters in diameter, broadly rounded, and equal in size at the margin. 
alternating below, rapidly sloping to the bottom of the calix, where the short 
- ones terminate; the longer ones continue, to the margin of the smooth conical 
» space, and abruptly end. No fossette visible in any of the examples exmained. 


39. CemCrR TSU TION!) 


This species is easily recognized from Cyathaxonia Cynodon of (Rafinesque and 
Clifford), by the absence of spines, and being more regularly curved. 


Found by Prof. W. W. Borden, in whose honor the specific name is given, 
in the Knobstone group (Sub-carboniferous) at Stone’s Farm, one and a half 
miles east of Bridgeport, Clark county. Indiana. Now in the collection of the 
author. 


CY AY Ee XS OUNW AY BAR Al N.S. 


PuLatTeE 14. Fies. 7-8-9. 


Corallum simple, turbinate, regularly curved. Acute at the base of at- 
tachment, gradually, and regularly expanding in diameter to the calix. Exte- 
rior comparatively smooth, with a few shallow undulations of growth. Longi- 
tudinal strie rather fine, distinct, ten in the space of five millimeters. Height 
thirty millimeters. Diameter of calix ten millimeters. Depth five millimeters. 
Walls nearly vertical. A smooth conical elevation in the center of the calix, 
two millimeters in diameter at the base, and three millimeters in height. Num- 
ber of lamelle fifty, in the cireumference of a calix ten millimeters in diameter, 
unequal in size, and sharp at the margin, alternating below, rapidly descends to 
the bottom of the calix, where the short ones terminate; the longer ones con- 


tinue to the margin of the conical area, in the bottom of the calix, and abrupt-. 


ly end, leaving the conical elevation smooth. No fossette visible in any of the 
examples examined. 

The numerous sharp and unequal lamelle, and more robust form, and 
somewhat larger calix, makes this easily recognized from all other species. 


Found in the Knobstone group (sub-carboniferous), at Stone’s Farm, one 
and a half miles east of Bridgeport, Clark county, Indiana. Now in the collec- 
tion of the author. 


PRY CHOPAYLUDUM ROBUST UM. Ny Sp; 


Pruiate 14. Eias. 1-2. 


Corallum simple, turbinate, straight or regularly curved. Acute at the 
base of attachment. Gradually or in some examples rapidly increasing in di- 
ameter to the calix. Exterior with a thick. comparatively smooth epithecal 
crust, and rather distant, shallow annulations, more strongly pronounced on 
the anterior side. Height varying in different individuals, from seventy, to 
one hundred and twenty millimeters. Calix broad, bell-shaped, from thirty- 


Se eee Os 


INDIANA PALASONTOLOGY. 40. 


five to sixty millimeters in diameter. Depth from fifteen to thirty millimeters; 
@ convex space in the bottom of the calix, occupied by the tabule, from fifteen 
to thirty millimeters in diameter, elevated in the center, with the margins 
slightly bending downward. Number of lamelle, one hundred and forty-four, 
in the circumference of a calix, sixty millimetersin diameter, broadly rounded, 
and unequal in size at the margin, alternating below, gradually sloping to the 
bottom of the calix, where the short ones terminate; the longer ones continue 
for about five millimeters farther, coalescing with the adjacent longer ones, and 
are in some cases twisted, and terminates; a few continues blending with the 
tabule, and giving the bottom of the calix a rugose appearance. Fossette con- 
sists of a deep depression, some little to the right, of the posterior side of the 
tabule, but does not extend more than four or five millimeters on the side of 
the calix. 


The measurements given are for the two examples illustrated; the varia 
tions are due to the difference in size of the two corallums. 


Found in the lower Devonian (Corniferous group), at the Falls of the Ohio. 
Now in the collection of the author. 


MICHELINIA BRIDGHAMI, N. Sp. 


Pruate 14. Figs. 14-15-16. 


Corallum small, rarely ever exceeding two inches in diameter, more fre- 
quently less. Convex or globular. Composed of an aggregation of thin walled 
funnel-shaped tubes, with a strong epithecal crust on the basal side, frequently 
attached to fragments of crinoid columns. Tubes rounded, polygonal, unequal in 
size, from two to ten millimeters in diameter. Tubes decorated with numerous 
rows of longitudinal grooves. Pores large, round or oblong, very numerous, 
‘situated in the grooves. Tabulz rarely observed. 


The thin walls, and unequal sized tubes, the deep longitudinal grooves and 
the numerous large round, or oblong pores, make this easily recognized from 
all other species. 


The specific name is in honor of Mr. Joseph Bridgham, of Providence, R. 
I,, the artist who made the pen drawings for the photo engraving of this plate. 


Found in the upper Devonian (Hamilton group), at Charlestown, and 
_ above the cement beds, at the different cement quarries, northwest of Silver 
Creek. in Clark county, Indiana. Now in the collection of the author. 


Al, INDIANA PALAEONTOLOGY. 


EAN OSD EES OAV ASL UUs. Nesp, 


Prater 15. Fic. 1-2-8. 


Corallum composite, from thirty millimeters, to eight inches or more in 
length. Diameter, nearly the same throughout the entire length, not exceeding 
thirty millimeters in its greatest width. Tubes rounded, polygonal, unequal in 
size, from one to two and one-half millimeters in diameter. Walls thin, and 
comparatively smooth, pores round, rather large, not closely arranged, one and 
two rows on a side; where there is two rows they are slightly alternating in 
position; tabulz flat or slightly oblique. Between the tabule there are a few 
spine like projections, but do not extend to the center of the tubes. 


There is no other species, in the Corniferous group, that could be mistaken 
for this one; the long, slender mode of growth, the thin walls, and the large 
pores, makes this easily recognized from all other species. 

Found in the lower Devonian (Corniferous group) at the Falls of the 
Ohio. Nowin the collection of the author. 


FAVOSITES ROPTUNDUS, N.Sp: 


Piuate 15. Figs. 4-5-6. 


Corallum composite, variable in size, from one to six inches in diameter, 
round or hemispherical, or sub-hemispherical; some examples, have a diameter 
of five or six inches, and a thickness not exceeding one inch. With a strong, 
wrinkled epithecal crust on the basal side. Tubes rounded, polygonal, unequal 
in size, from one to three millimeters in diameter, or slightly more in some 
tubes. Walls rather thick, somewhat smooth. Pores rather large, round, 
from one to threerows on aside. Tabule flat, or oblique, in some places very 
much crowded, in others more distant. 

Some examples have the appearance of Favosites Hemisphericus (Yandell 
é& Shumard) but on comparison, there 1s a marked difference in the variation, of 
the size of the tubes, and the number of rows of pores. From Favosites Tu- 
berosus (Rominger) it differs in the mode of growth, and the number of pores, 
and the tubes are not so complicated with squame, as in F. Tuberosus. 

Found in the lower Devonian (Corniferous group), at the Falls of the 
Ohio. Now in the collection of the author. 


ZAPHRENTIS ALBUS, N. Sp. 


Prate 16. Fries. 11-12. 


Ny Corallum simple, turbinate, irregularly curved, a small scar at the base of 
attachment. Height thirty millimeters, for about ten millimeters, rapidly, then 
gradually expanding in diameter tothecalix. Exterior, with sharp annulations, 
_ and deep constrictions, and wrinkles, caused by intermittent growth. Calix 
_ -wery thin and somewhat campanuiate, twenty millimeters in diameter, with 
= nearly vertical walls. Depth twelve millimeters, tabule smooth, flat, occupying 
slightly less, than the entire diameter of the corallum. Number of lamelle, 
___ sixty, in the circumference of a calix, thirty millimeters in diameter, somewhat 
sharp, and slightly unequal in size at the margin, alternating below, the short 
_ ones becoming thinner as they approach the bottom of the calix, and are faintly 
_ indicated on the margin of the tabulx, the longer ones, are slightly elevated, 
_ growing thinner as they descend to the bottom of the calix, and abruptly end, 

FE: ~ leaving a smooth convex space in the bottom of the calix, ten millimeters in 
diameter. Fossette, consists of a shallow depression on the anterior side of the 
- tabule, but does not extend on the side of the ecalix. = 
Found in the middle Devonian (upper Helderberg group) Falls of the Ohio. 
Now i in the collection of the author. 


ZAPHRENTIS CURTUS, N. Sp. 


a (a Puate 16. Fies. 13-14. 


Bs. Corallum simple, turbinate, straight or regularly curved. Acute at the 
base of attachment. rapidly expanding in diameter to the calix. Height forty- 
five millimeters. Calix broad, thirty-five millimeters in diameter. Depth 
fifteen millimeters. A convex space in the bottom of the calix, occupied by the 
_ tabule, fifteen millimeters in diameter. Number of lamellxz, one hundred and 
_ thirty-eight, in the circumference of a calix, thirty millimeters in diameter, 
thin and sharp, and equal in size at the margin, alternating below, gradually 
x Pdoning to the bottom of the calix, where the short ones terminate; the longer 
_ nes continue to within four or five millimeters of the center of the ealix, and 
“ abruptly end leaving a smooth convex space in the center of the cup, 
_ from eight to ten millimeters in diameter. Fossette consists of deep depression, 
on the anterior side of the smooth convex area, but does not continue on the 
. side of the cealix. The lateral gaps, are represented by two small depressions, 


43. CONTRIBUTION TO 


i. 


but does not extend on the side of the calix. Exterior, with deep constrictions, 
and wrinkles, caused by periodical growth. 
The thin numerous lamellex, and the broad deep fossette; with the small 
depressions in the lateral gaps, makes this easily recognized from all other species. 
Found in the middle Devonian (upper Helderberg group) at the Falls of the 
Ohio. Now in the collection of the author. 


ZAPHRENTIS INFLEXUS. N. Sp. 


Pate 16.. Fires. 15-16. 


Corallum simple, turbinate, straight or regularly curved. Acute at the 
base of attachment, rapidly expanding in diameter to the calix. Height forty 
millimeters. Calix broadly campanulate thirty millimeters in diameter. Depth 
twenty millimeters, a convex space in the bottom of the calix, occupied by the 
tabule, ten millimeters in diameter. Number of lamelle, eighty, rounded and 
slightly unequal in size at the margin, alternating below, gradually sloping to 
the bottom of the calix, where the short ones terminate, the longer ones con- 
tinues to the bottom of the calix, coalescing, and slightly twisting, but not 
elevated, giving to the lamelle in the bottom of the calix, a zig zag appearance. 
Fossette, consists of a deep depression, on the posterior side of the tabule, 
but does not extend on the side of the calix. 

The manner of coalescing of the lamelle and the zig zag appearance in 
the bottom of the calix, makes this easily recognized from all other species. 

Found in the middle Devonian (upper Helderberg group) Falls of the Ohio. 
Now in the collection of the author. 


LAP ARERT US FUSE L Us; Naeps- 


Puate 16. Fies. 17-18-19. 


Corallum simple, rather small, turbinate, straight or slightly curved. A 
small sear at the base of attachment. Rapidly expanding in diameter to the 
ealix. Height varying in different individuals, from twenty to thirty millime- 
ters. Calix broad, from ten to thirty millimeters, in diameter. Depth ten mil- 
limeters. Exterior somewhat rough, with shallow annulations, and wrinkles, 
caused by intermittent growth, longitudinal strize conspicuous, fourteen in the 
space of ten millimeters, number of lamelle, ninety-four, in the circumference 
of a calix twenty-five millimeters in -diameter, unequal in size at the margin, 
the short ones merely rudementary, the longer ones gradually slope to near the 


IS en a 2, 


INDIANA PALZONTOLOGY. 44, 


center of the calix, coalescing, and abruptly terminate, leaving a smooth flat 
_ space, from two to four millimeters in diameter, in some examples the lamellx 

ie continues until it meets those on the opposite side, and abruptly end, leaving the 

f c bottom of the calix flat. Fossette consists of a slight depression near the center 

of the calix, and continues to the anterior margin. 

Found in the middle Devonian (upper Helderberg group) Falls of the Ohio. 

Now in the collection of the author. 


ZAPHRENTIS LAMASTERI. N. Sp. 


Poate 17. Fies. 4-5. 


_ Corallum simple, turbinate, straight or regularly curved. Acute at the 
base of attachment. Height sixty-five millimeters. Calix slightly or broadly 
bell-shaped, thirty millimeters in diameter. Depth twenty millimeters. Walls 
nearly vertical. A convex space in the bottom of the calix, occupied by the 
 tabule, fifteen millimeters in diameter. Number of lamelle, eighty in the 
- cireumference of a ealix, thirty millimeters in diameter, equal in size, and 
broadly rounded at the margin, getting thinner, and alternating below, abruptly 
Be. sloping to the bottom of the calix, where the short ones terminate, the longer 
ones continue, to within two or three millimeters of the center of the ealix, and 
_ abruptly end, leaving a flat smooth convex space in the bottom of the calix, five 
_ orsix millimeters in diameter. Exterior with numerous irregular annulations, | 
and shallow constrictions, and wrinkles, caused by intermittent growth. Fossette 
consists of a deep depression, on the sinistral side of the tabule but does not 
__ extend on the side of the calix. 

Found in the upper Devonian (Hamilton group) by Mr. Thomas J. Lamas- 
Be ter, of Speed, in whose honor, the specific name is given, at the Clark county 
4g cement quarries, Clark county, Indiana. Now in the collection of the author, 


ZAPHRENTIS INSOLENS. N. Sp. 


Prate. 18. Fies. 1-2. 


Corallum simple, turbinate, or elongate turbinate, straight or curved, 
attenuate at the base of attachment, gradually or sometimes more rapidly 
_ expanding in diameter to the calix. Height from sixty to one hundred milli- 
Meters, or more, varying in different individuals. Exterior with broad shallow 
_ annulations, and occasionally, a few deep constrictions. Calix oblique, rather 
deep, with the extreme margins slightly contracted, with a diameter of forty 


45, CONTRIBUTION TO 


millimeters. Depth thirty millimeters, with a smooth oblique, concave space 
in the bottom of the calix, occupied by the tabule, ten millimeters in diameter, 
Number of lamellz, one hundred, to one hundred and ten, in the circumference. 
of acalix, forty millimeters in diameter, very thin, and sharp, equal in size at: 
the margin, alternating below, gradually or sometimes rapidly sloping to the 
edge of the smooth concave space, in the bottom of the calix, where the short: 
ones abruptly terminate, the longer ones extend a short distance further, and 
blends with the tabule, and disappears, leaving a concave space, in the bottom 
of the calix, from six to eight millimeters wide. Fossette consists of a deep de- 
pression, situated at the edge of the concave space in the bottom of the cup, 
and extends to the anterior maryin. 

Found in the upper Devonian (Hamilton group) near Charlestown, Indiana, 
Now in the collection of the author. 


CYSTIPHYLLUM LOUISVILLENSIS. _N. Sp, 


Priate 16. Fies. 7—-8—9—10. 


_Corallum simple, turbinate, or broadly subturbinate, usually straight. 
Acute at the base of attachment, near the base there is slender, root like, pro~ 
longations, which served as attachment to other objects for support. Height 
varying indifferent individuals from fifteen to fifty millimeters. Calix broad, 
shallow, from twenty to forty millimeters in diameter. Depth ten millimeters. 
The entire surface of the calix, is covered with moderately large, somewhat 
uniform sized cysts. When the calix is fairly preserved, the cysts are covered 
with fine striw, but isnot so strongly pronounced, as to appear as lamella. Ex- 
terior when decorticated shows the vesicles to be oblong in shape, and irregular 
in size, the large ones being more concave than the smaller ones, occasionally 
from two to four course elevated lines can be observed in the large oblong con- 
cave vesicles. 

Found in the upper Silurian (Niagara group) at the Bear-grass creek quar- 
ries, near Louisville, Ky. Now in the collection of the author. 


CYSTIPHYLLUM EXPANSU M.: (Ni Sp. 


Pirate 17. Fies. 6-7-8. 


Corallum simple, broadly sub-turbinate. Acute or slightly thickened at 
the point of attachment. Rapidly expanding into abroad shallow cup. Length 
on anterior side, fifty-five millimeters, Length of posterior side, twelve milli-~ 


“ee 
ESS Li eee ane 


INDIANA PALAZONTOLOGY. 46, 


meters. Exterior with a strong epithecal crust, with numerous fine longitudi- 


nal strie, and shallow constrictions, and wrinkles, caused by periodical 


growth. In decorticated examples, they exhibit numerous shallow oblong 


cysts, occasionally, having traces of fine striw, in the concave spaces. Calix 
very broad, oblique, varying in different individuals, from twenty to forty 


- millimeters in diameter, near the margin of the cup, there is a few vesicles, but 


___ the bottom of the calix is perfectly smooth, the corallum appears to be composed 


ee a Ve eee ee 
Z ? ™ ” ’ 
a ‘af A Cae: 


of thin invaginated cups. 
Found in the middle Devonian (upper Helderberg group), Falls of the Ohio. 
Now in the collection of the author. 


CYSTIPHYLLUM DIVERSUM. N. Sp. 


Pirate 17. Eres. 9-10. 


Corallum simple turbinate, straight or regularly curved, with a broad scar 
atthe base of attachment. Gradually expanding in diameter to the calix. 
Height twenty-five millimeters. Calix broad, oblique, with spreading margins 
forty millimeters in diameter. Depth twenty millimeters. The bottom of the 
calix, is covered with numerous vesicles, larger than those on the sides, and 
near the margin of the cup. There is numerous, rather coarse Septa, 
that seems to interfere with the vesicles, and the two blend together, 
giving to the calix, a peculiar rugose appearance. Exterior when decorticated, 


exhibits numerous somewhat coarse vesicles, a few shallow constrictions, and 
_wrinkles, caused by periodical growth. 


. Found in the upper Devonian (Hamilton group) near Charlestown, Indiana. 


- Now in the collection of the author. 


BLOTHROPHYLLUM CONIFERUM. N. Sp. 


Prate 16. Fies. 2—3-4-5-6. 


Corallum simple, elongate turbinate, or conico-cylindrical, straight or grad- 
ually or sometimes irregularly curved: Acute at the base of attachment, in 
some examples there is short root like processes near the base which served 
as attachments to some foreign objects for support. Gradually, or at times 
more rapidly expanding in diameter to the calix. Height varying in different 
individuals, from thirty to one hundred millimetersor more. Calix broad, bell- 
shaped, thirty millimeters in diameter. Depth twenty-five millimeters. A con-— 
vex space in the bottom of the calix occupied by the tabule twelve millimeters 


47. CONTRIBUTION TO 


on 


in diameter. Situated in the center of the calix is an elevation, formed by the 


elevated tabule, five millimeters in height. Number of lamelle sixty, in the 


circumference of a calix, thirty millimeters in diameter, unequal in size at the 
margin, and alternating in length, for about ten millimeters, gradually, then 
rapidly slope to the bottom of the calix, where the short ones terminate, the 


longer ones become elevated, and thinner, as they continue to the bottom of the . 


ealix. Coalescing and twisting into a sharp crest on the elevated tabule. 
In a great number of examples examined, I have failed to discover any trace 
of a fossette. 
Found in the middle Devonian (upper Helderberg group), Falls of the 
Olio, Now in the collection of the author. 


HELIOPHYLLUM ROWLEY i. No Sp. 


PLATED G: SHres ie 


Corallum simple, elongate turbinate, or conico-cylindrical, straight or irregu- 
larly curved, or distorted. Acute, or in some examples, they have a broad sear, 
at the base of attachment, and occasionally, an example will have slender 
root-like processes near the base, for attachment, to foreign objects for support, 
Gradually, or at times, rapidly expanding in diameter to the calix. Height 
varying in different individuals, from six to fourteen inches or more. Calix 
broadly bell-shaped, thirty millimeters in diameter. Depth twenty-five millime- 
ters, a smooth convex space in the bottom of the calix occupied by the tabule, 
fifteen millimeters in diameter. Number of lamelle ninety, in the cireumfer- 
ence of a calix, thirty millimeters in diameter, alternating in size, the smali 
ones merely rudimentary; the longer ones for about ten millimeters, gradually 
slope, then abruptly turn down, and continue until they reach the tabule, leav- 
ing a smooth convex space in the bottom of the calix, ten millimeters in diame- 
ter. Exterior when decorticated has a very rugose appearance. Situated at 
somewhat regular intervals, there are funnel-shaped expansions, giving to the 
eorallum, somewhat the appearance of a number of invaginated funnels. The 
lamellz on these funnel-shaped expansions, are uniform in size, and length, and 
the denticulations are much finer than those in the calix. Fossette consists of 
a slight depression on the anterior side of the tabule, but disappears before 
reaching the margin of the ealix. " 

The specific name is in honor of Prof. R. 'R. Rowley, of Louisiana, Mo. 

Found in the lower Devonian (Corniferous group), at the Falls of the Ohio. 
Now in the collection of the author. 


ee ee ee 


ay 


aS INDIANA PALEONTOLOGY. 48, 


2: 


é 


ACROPHYLLUM RUGOSUM, N. Sp. 


Pirate 17. Fies. 1-2-3. 


Corallum simple, turbinate, or sub-turbinate, or sometimes conico-eylindri- 
eal, straight or irregularly curved. Acute at the base of attachment. Height 
varying in different individuals, from forty millimeters in small compresseé ex- 
amples, to seven inches in long horn-shaped or conico-cylindrical forms. The 
smaller examples, are usually in a better state of preservation, and exhibit 


a « 


- numerous small spines near the point of attachment, and frequently extend for 
___ one or two inches above the base. Exterior, with more or less strong, rounded 
- annulations, and deep constrictions, and wrinkles, caused by periodical growth. 
= ‘Calix somewhat expanding, rarely, though sometimes are circular, in this case, 


they have steep side walls. In the examples with expanded calix, the walls grad- 
ually slope to the bottom of the cup. Diameter of calix, varies from twenty to 
thirty-five millimeters, in the broadest examples observed. Depth from ten to 
twenty millimeters. Situated in the bottom of the calix, is a conical elevation, 
_ five millimeters broad at the base, and five millimeters in height, caused by the 
elevation of the tabule. Number of lamelle, ninety, in the circumference of a 
_ calix, thirty millimeters in diameter, equal in size, and sharp at the margin, al- 
3 ternating below, gradually, or in some examples, rapidly sloping td the bottom 
of the ealix, where the short ones disappear, or coalesces with the longer ones, 
then continues ashort distance, and coalesces again, and a few continues coales- 
ging with the elevated tabule. Fossette consists of a deep depression at the base 
_ of the conical elevation, and continues tothe margin of thecalix. Position vari- 
able. 

Found in a silicified condition in the lower Devonian (Corniferous group) 
at the Falls of the Ohio. Now in the collection of the author. 


i) 


ee ee 
ee a ere 


CHONOPHYLLUM TYPICUM, N. Sp. 


Pirate 18. Fies. 3—4—5. 


Corallum simple, turbinate, straight or curved, with a broad sear at the 
base of attachment. This peculiarity is more strongly marked in some exam- 
ples than in others; occasionally the scars extend a short distance on the side of 
the coral ; in these examples, sma! root-like processes set out, having the appear- 
_ ance of being attached to some foreign object. Regularly expanding in diameter 
_  tothecalix. Height varying from ten to fifty millimeters. Exterior covered with 
a strong, wrinkled, epithecal crust, with a few broad, rounded annulations and 


Ane Ts CONTRIBUTION TO 


wrinkles. Diameter of calix thirty millimeters. Depth twenty millimeters: 


Number of lamelle sixty, in the circumference of a calix thirty millimeters — F 


in diameter, equal and broadly rounded at the margin, slightly alternat- 
ing below, gradually sloping to within five or six millimeters of the center of 
the calix, where the short ones abruptly ends; the longer ones continue to the cen- 
ter, and either ends, or is slightly twisted, not elevated. No fossette visible in 
any of the examples examined. : a 

Found in the upper Devonian (Hamilton group), near Charlestown, Indi- | 
ana. Now in the collection of the author. . 


CHONOPHYLLUM INFUNDIBULUM, N. Sp. 


Puate 18. Fias. 6—7-8—9-10. 


Corrallum simple, turbinate, or elongate turbinate, straight or irregular 
curved. With a broad scar at the base of attachment, and sometimes continu- 
ing a short distance on the side of the coral. Exterior somewhat rugged, with 
coarse annulations and deep constrictions, caused by intermittent growth. 
Gradually and sometimes more rapidly expanding in diameter to the calix. 
Height varying in different examples from ten to eighty-five millimeters in the 
largest examples observed. Calix broad, somewhat funnel-shaped, from ten to 
forty millimeters in diameter. Depth ten to fifteen millimeters, with a deep 
convex space in the center of the calkx, six or seven millimeters in depth, and 
four millimeters in diameter. Number of lamelle, sixty-four in the circumfer- 
ence of a calix, thirty millimeters in diameter, thin, sharp, and equal in size at 
the margin, alternating below, gradually sloping to the edge of the deep convex 
space in the bottom of the calix, where the short ones gradually terminate; the - 
longer ones continue and abruptly turns down the sides of the convex depres- 
sion, and continue to the bottom, and gradually disappears. The deep convex 
space in the center of the cup gives to the calix the decided funnel-shaped ap- 
pearance. No fossette. - In appearance this may be mistaken for C Typicum, 
but the thin, sharp lamellw, and funnel-shaped calix, makes this easily recog- 
nized from all other species. 

Found in the upper Devonian (Hamilton grcup), near Charlestown, Indi 
ana. Now in the collection of the author. 


(DIANA PA LAONTOLOGY. 50, 


Paw ILOTOeE. BEECHERI Grabau 


Pirate 19. Fies. 20, 21. 

ora beecheri, Grabau — (1899, Proe. Bost. Soe. Nat. Hist. vol. 28, p. 411, pl. 1, figs. 2-3, 
and pl. 2, figs. 1-5.) 

Corallum regularly branching or forming a confused mass of intergrown 
ubes, which branch and repeatedly unite; the calices opening in all directions. 
: ubes expanding rapidly towards the calyx, below which they give off one or 
: _ more lateral buds. Adjoining corallites frequently united by their walls. 

Walls thick, especially i in the lower portions of the corallite, consisting of 
These at intervals are separated so as to leave 


l Corallites connected with their parent basally, except in old individu- 

7 here they have become constricted off, and the pores covered by a layer of 

sclerenchyma. 

_OxsERVATIONS.—In the two specimens figured there is a total absence of 

larity of budding, the calices opening in all directions, and the individuals 

y uniting. This indicates that the specimens were supported. 

Specimen figure 21 is attached to one side of a crushed calyx and arms of 

Platyecrinus (not drawn in the figure), but it is impossible to determine 
vhether this attachment was accomplished before or after the death of the 

noid. The latter was probably the ease. 

_ Faint septal ridges are shown in a number of specimens, in some becoming 

te strongly marked, and rather broad. 


= Specimen figure 20, probably encircled a crinoid stem, but the other speci- 
figured is too massive and seems to have grown in a suspended manner. 
mies encircling crinoid stems are not at all uncommon. Many merely sur- 
nd the stem without seeming to affect it in any way, and in such cases the 
ices open in all directions. Others, however, have become imbedded in the 
ance of the crinoid stem, which has become enlarged, as is the case so 
rally with the European M. crassa. In some specimens observed, the 
noid stem has grown to Bp an extent as to ae ey bury the coral in 


54. CONTRIBUTION TO- = 


allites. These strie are irregular, and generally more than their width apart, 
They have the appearance of being minutely cancellated. This is the only 
surface ornamentation observed, all the other specimens seen having a smooth 
surface, or only showing faint costal striations. 


Horizon anv Locarirres.—In the Keokuk group of the Lower Carbonian of 


Crawfordsville and Edwardsville, Indiana, specimens figured witb others in 
the collection of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


CERATOPORA AGGLOMERATA. N. Sp. (Grabau.) 


Pirate 19. Eres. 22-25. 


Corallum compound, consisting of agglomerate masses, unattached except 
basally. Corallites auloporoid, slightly curved, and gradually enlarging to- 
wards the aperture which is cireular. A short distance below the termination 
of the corallite, one or two buds are given off, diverging at various angles; 
sometimes extending acutely upward; frequently at right angles to the parent, 
or oveasionally extending downward. The buds themselves give off other buds 
which may extend in all directions. Corallites frequently joined by epithecal 
prolongations. Interior with circumferential cysts. Cysts rather sparingly 
developed, but usually of fair size. Septal spines small, short and compara- 
tively stout; in numerous vertical rows. 


OxsseRvVATIONS —This species is readily recognized by its singular branch- 
ing corallites which form a confusedly agglomerate mass. The frequent rect- 
angular divergence of the buds from the parent, gives rise to masses in which 
corallites of the third generation, may grow ina diametrically opposite direc- 
tion from that taken by corallites of the first generation. Sometimes from 
crowding, a bud may grow in such a direction as to form a complete loop with 
its parent corallite. Not infrequently a number of corallites, budding one 
from the other, appear to form a ring around a corallite of an earlier genera- 
tion which occupies the center. 

No case has been observed in which there are more than two buds given off 
at the same level, this being the usual number. In this respect the species is 
like C. dichotoma, Grabau, but the buds are irregular asin (. distorta, Gra- 
bau. In some corallites, however, a second series of buds is given off ata 
higher level, and these, rebudding again, greatly increase the complexity of the 
whole corallum. In some cases, however, the corallites grow to a considera- 
ble length after giving off their first pair of buds, without produeing a second 
series. While the buds are most frequently given off in pairs, the two are not 
always given off at precisely the same level, there being often a slight discrep- 


a 
ae 
a a a ee 


INDIANA PALAZZONTOLOGY. 


ancy between them. This feature is occasionally seen in @. dichotoma, the 
most regular species of the genus, and is common in (@. distorta. 

When the corallites are united by the epithecal prolongations, a rugose - 
surface is produced from the wrinkled character of the epitheca. Otherwise 
the surface is smooth, showing only fine concentric growth lines. When the 
eorallites grow close together, they generally become inseperably united, and 
ot infrequently the original circular section of the tube will be variously mod- 
ified or distorted, and often become concave on the side of contact. 

: The less frequent development, in this species, of the cysts, is a character- 
istic feature. They are best visible in the calicinal portions, for as the known 
_ specimens of this species are all silicified, the interior structure has become more 
or less modified, and some of the cysts have been filled. There is, as in all the 
species of the genus, a complete absence of tabule, the corallites remaining 
open throughout, and united to their parent basally at least during the greater 
part of life. In many individuals the connecting pore is probably never closed, 
_ in others a sort of partition is formed over it by the extensive growth of spines. 
_ When the daughter corallite becomes separated from the mother tube, the pore 
may be covered by the formation of a cyst wall over it. Occasionally ad- 
oining corallites have been found to be traversed by a single pore; this un- 
doubtedly being a case of aborted budding. Theseptal spines appear generally 
‘much shorter than in the Devonian species, in this respect, and in the diminu- 
tion of the cysts, approaching Monilopora. In a few eases, however, spines 
eomparable to those of C. dichotoma and C. distorta have been observed. In 
Lot cases age interior of the wall appears perfectly smooth, the fine oe 


that the two are identical. The profusely branching pceuncs figured on plate 
, figs 7, Vol. 28, No. 16, Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. Proceedings, and referred to 
 @. distorta, has many characters of the present species, and forms a connect- 
ing link between the two. Though parallelisms in form occur, the structure of 
1e two species is sufficiently distinct. The present species is also somewhat 
‘smaller than the prevailing forms of (. distorta. 

_ Horizon anp Locatities.—In the Warsaw division of the St. Louis group, 
Lower Carbonian; Lanesyille, Harrison county, Indiana. 


Types in the collection of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


ROMINGERIA CYSTOIDES, N.Sp. (Grabau.) 


_ , Prate 20. Fies. 19-23. 
Corallum compound, erect, free except basally, consisting of numerous 


53. CONTRIBUTION TO 


more or less closely crowded corallites, which generally proceed in an umbellife- — 
rous manner from a parent corallite. Corallites elongate-conical to sub-cylin- — 
drical, widening at first rapidly, then more slowly, and finally retaining almost 
the same diameter throughout. Calicinal portion not infrequently inflated. 


Corallites closely adnate for the greater part of their length, and connected 
by mural pores. Septa absent so far as known. Interior traversed by irregu- 
lar lamelle which extend across the cavity and frequently join each other, di- 
viding the visceral cavity into a number of unequal cysts. : 


OxzseRvATIONS.—This species is readily recognized by its rather coarse, 
though not large corallites, the mural pores and the irregular diaphragms which | 
take ‘the place of tabule. The corallites bud off from the parent in verticils of 
three or more, and they grow upward closely adhering to the old corallites, 
which also continue to grow and to embrace each other. They are closely 
united by the epitheca, which in some cases extends across several corallites, 
and in others effects the junction merely by root-like proliferations. The 
epitheca is wrinkled and the growth lines are strong, and this with the fre- 
quent irregular constrictions of the corallites, gives them a very rough and 
wrinkled appearance. The direction of growth is upward in most cases, but in 
some colonies (fig. 22) it is more irregular, the corallites growing loosely. In 
such cases the umbelliferous habit of growth is generally lost sight of. 


When the head is a dense umbel, small corallites generally oceupy the 
spaces between the larger ones, all being united by the epitheca direct, or by 
epithecal proliferations. When the corallites are closely joined by their walls, 
they are generally pierced by the mural pores, which put the corallites into com- 
munication with each other. These pores have been observed in a few specimens 
only (fig. 19), but they are undoubtedly present in most cases. In size they 
are such as would be made by a fine pin or needle. They are quite numerous, 
but irregularly disposed, and they are best developed where the neighboring 
corallites are closely adnate for their entire length. 


The interior appears entirely smooth, not even septal spines having been 
observed. The diaphragms are very coarse and can hardly be classed as tabu- 
le, since they are too irregular and partake more of the nature of horizontal or 
slightly inclined cyst walls. = 


These diaphragms, together with the absence of septal spines, md general 
rugose character of the corallum, separate this species from the others of the 
genus, and may make it desirable to place it in a distinct genus. These fea-_ 
tures closely ally the present species to Cystpiasma, 8. A. Miller, of which the 
type C. lanesvillense occurs in the Warsaw group of Indiana. This genus, 
however, is stated to be simple, while the present species .has the compound 
mode of growth and the mural pores of Romingeria. Under this genus it will 
be left for the present, until better preserved material allows the making of 
sections’for the closer study of the internal structure. 

The young corallites are early cut off from their parent, and the connecting 
pore closed by sclerenchyma. 

Horizon AND Locatity.—Warsaw division of the St. Louis group Lower Car- 
bonian at Lanesville, Harrison county, and at Georgetown, Floyd county, Ind. 
Types in the collection of G. K. Greene. 


- INDIANA PALEONTOLOGY. 


> 


-ENALLOPHYLLUM, N. Gen. 


_ A Bty Enallos, changed; and. Phyllon, a leaf.) 


ae Cotaliain having tabulate area with vertical walls, resembling Diphyphyl- 
lum, and having a well developed fossette. Lamelle occurs single or in pairs, 
“not extending farther than the vertical wall in the center of the calix. Type 
aa Grabaui: - 


ENALLOPHYLLUM, GRABAUI, N. Sp. 


Priate 20. Fries. 8-18. 


'_ Corallum simple, or composite, increasing by gemmation from the superior 
margin of the parent cup, turbinate, straight or slightly curved. Acute at the 
point of attachment. Some examples have a broad scar at the base, some co- 
; rallums have root-like prolongations that served for attachment and support. 
Exterior, when well preserved, exhibits numerous fine spines, distributed with- 
: out any regularity, and frequently extends some distance on the side of the- 
a coral. _ Height varying in different individuals from ten to twenty millimeters oy 
‘more in some examples. Calyx somewhat expanded, from eight to ten millimet- 
rs in diameter. Depth seven or eight millimeters, walls nearly vertical. Situat- 
in the center of the calyx is a vertical wall occupying one-third or slightly 
nore than the.diameter of the corallum at that point. The tabule is smooth 
ind strongly oblique, occupying the entire inner area. Number of lamelle 
fifty-four, in the circumference of a calix seven milimeters in diameter. Equal 
size, and somewhat rounded at the margin, occurring in pairs except a single 
“one that marks the continuation of the fossette, and three single ones ~on the 
r Bite side to the fossette. Sometimes these three lamelic coalesce, and in 


= the positian of the Foonatia i is variable. I have examples with the fos- 
_sette on the anterior, and others having it on the posterior side. 


eMound i in the Warsaw division of the St. Louis group (Sub-Carb. ) at Lanes- 


55. CONTRIBUTION 240 


HELIOPEHYLLUM, COLLATD M Nv Bp: 


Prare 202 =Fids, -4-5-—6—7- 


Corallum simple, or composite, increasing by lateral gemmation. _In some 
examples the tubes are round, the margins free, or slightly in contact by their 
epitheeal walls. In some other corrallumns the cup margins are intimately con- 
nected in polygonal outlines. Diameter of corallites varies in different exam- 
ples, and even in the same corallum, from five to fifteen millimeters. Depth 
from five to ten millimeters. Situated in the center of the calix is a 
smooth concave space, occupied by the tabule, five millimeters in diameter. 
Number of lamelle forty-eight, in the circumference of a ealix ten millimeters 
in diameter, equal in size at the margin, alternating below; gradually, or at 
times rapidly sloping to near the bottom of the calix, where the short ones 
gradually disappear; the longer ones continue to the margin of the smooth, 
concave space, and abruptly terminate. Denticulations fine, ten in the space 
of three milimeters. Exterior of corallites somewhat rugged, with annulations 
and wrinkles, and coarse, longitudinal strize. No fossette observed in any of 
the cups. 


Found in the middle Devonian (Upper Helderberg group) at the Falls of 
the Ohio, now in the collection of the author. 


HELIOPHYLLUM, HAMMEL EA. Ni Sa: 


Pirate 20. Fies: J-2-3. 


Corallum composite, rapidly increasing, by calicular or lateral gemmation. 
Tubes rounded or polygonal, unequal in size, from five to seventeen millimeters 
in diameter. Depth seven to ten millimeters. Situated in the bottom of the 
ealix is a smooth flat, or sometimes a concave space, occupied by the tabula, 
from five to seven millimeters wide. Stems rather lax in some places; in this 
case they are rounded, in other portions they are more intimately connected, and 
the ends of the tubes are joined in polygonal outline. Number of lamelle sixty, 
in the circumference of a calix, seventeen millimeters in diameter; equal in size 
at the margin, alternating below, for about five millimeters from the margin, 
flat or slightly oval, then abruptly slope to the bottom of the calix, where the 
short ones gradually terminate, the longer ones continue to the margin of the 
smooth space in the center of the calix, and abruptly ends, leaving a smooth 
space in the center of the calix, from five to seven millimeters in diameter. 
Denticulations fine, ten in the space of six millimeters. No fossette visible in 
any of the cups. 


The specific name is in honor of Mr. John Hammell, of Madison, Indiana. 


Found in the middle Devonian (upper Helderberg group) at the Falls of 
the Ohio. Now in the collection of the author. 


i in lh 


“INDIANA PALEONTOLOGY.  %. 


HELIOPHYLLUM, SPICULATUM. N.Sp. 


Prare -Y9o — iF re:. 1. 


Corallum simple, broadly turbinate, a portion of the base is broken off, but 
Sg & was acute at the point of attachment when perfect. Rapidly increasing. 
in diameter to the calix. Height five inches; diameter of calix three and one- 
i fourth inches. Depth fifteen millimeters. Situated in the center of the calix, 
< 


‘is a broad space occupied by the tabule twenty millimeters in diameter, 
somewhat undulating with a few spine like projections scattered over the 
surface. There is fifteen lamell in the space of fifteen millimeters, very thin 
and sharp at the margins, and in some places wider apart than in others, alter- 
~ nating below, the short lamelle does not reach to the undulating tabule. The 

long lamelle is thin and sharp and in some places is not denticulated; they 


'_ reach to the undulating tabule, coalescing with two or three of the adjacent 
_ Jamelle and twisting, giving to this portion of the calix a very rugose appear- 
-- ance. In that part of the corallum where the lamelle is broad and distant the 
ai sides are decorated with numerous spines, these appear more or less promiscu- 
> “ous throughout the corallum. Exterior when decorticated has the appearance 


2 ofa series of thin invaginated cups with their margins crenulated. Denticula- 
"tions moderately large, more strongly pronounced on the shorter lamelle, than 

on the longer ones. * Fossette consists of a deep depression on the side of the 
shortest curvature of the coral, and extends to the margin of the cup. 


Found in the middle Devonian (upper Helderberg group) at Straw’s mill, 
Clark county, Indiana. Now in the collection of the author. 


CYSTELASMA, SEPTATA. N. Sp. 


Pirate 19. Fires. 10-19. 


ee ty Corallum simple, turbinate, straight or slightly curved. Acute at the 
_ point of attachment. Some examples have a broad scar at the base, and occa- 
_ sionally one has root like prolongations that served for attachment and support. 
_ Height varying in different individuals from ten to twenty millimeters. Grad- 
_. ually enlarging in diameter to the calix. Diameter of calix from five to eight 
millimeters. The internal portion of the corallum is divided into three, four 
_ and sometimes five compartments, by vertical walls, extending the entire length 
_ of thecoral. The tabule is well developed in each of these compartments, flat, 
oblique or funnel-shaped, closely arranged, or some little distance apart. 
All these features may be observed ina single corallum. No septa observed in 
any of the examples in my collection. 


Found in the Warsaw division of the St. Louis group (Sub-carboniferous) 


at Lanesville, Harrison county, and at Spergen Hill in Washington county, 
Indiana. Now in the collection of the author. 


57. CONTRIBUTION TO — 


BORDENIA, N. Gen. 


(Ety proper name. ) 


Corallum simple or composite, resembling Zaphrentis. Tabule complete 
with the central portion being smooth. Fossette well pronounced or scarcely 
more than rudimentary. Primary lamelle well defined. Secondary lamelle 
rudimentary or indicated by fine striae. Type B. Zaphrentiformis. 


BORDENIA, ZAPHRENTIFORMIS. N. Sp. 


Puiatel9. Fies. 2-9. 


a) aa a ee af a 4 
Poe Le ee ee! ene | 5 


Corallum simple or composite, turbinate, or sub-cylindrical, slightly curved, 
usually having a broad scar at the base of attachment, and some examples 
have root-like prolongations that served for attachment and support. Slightly 
enlarging in diameter to the ecalix. Height from ten to forty millimeters, va- 
rying in different individuals. Calix oblique, somewhat campanulate, from 
ten to twenty millimeters in diameter. Depth from three to ten mullimeters, 
with vertical walls. In the bottom of the calix there is a flat oblique space oc- 
cupied by the tabule, occupying the entire diameter of the corallum at that 
point. Number of lamelle, fifty-two, in the circumference of a calix, fifteen 
millimeters in diameter, the skort ones scarcely more than rudimentary; the 
longer ones are sharp, slightly elevated, rapidly descend to the bottom 
of the calix, and extend a short distance on the tabule, and gradually 
disappear, leaving a smooth, oblique space in the bottom of the calix, from five 
to six millimeters in diameter. This feature is only in corrallums that have no 
buds; when there is buds the number of lamelle cannot be made out.. The ex- 
terior appears somewhat rugged, from the strong oblique wrinkles, and con- 
strictions. The fossette is not well defined: it consists of a small depression on 
the side of the tabule, more strongly pronounced on the reversed side. 

This coral has has been labelled Amplexus Coralloides (Sowerby) Mineral 
Conechology; by many collectors. Mr. Sowerby supposed his speciman was a 
cephalopod shell and described it as such. If the genus Amplexus should be 
applied to corals, this coral would not be placed in that genus. 

Mr. G. B. Sowerby, Jr., in Conchological Manual, second edition, 1842, 
page 64, says that Amplexus, a generic name proposed by Captain Brown for 
Helix Pulchella. Drop. 112, Tab. 107, page 184. 

Found in the Warsaw division of the St. Louis group (sub-carb.) in Harri- + 
son, Floyd and Washington counties, Indiana. Now in the coilection of the 
author. 


INDIANA PALEONTOLOGY. 8 


~GOMPHOCERAS STRIATUM. N. Sp. (Rowley.) 


Piate 21. Fics. 1-2-—3-4. 


_ The shell, as a whole, is pyriform and the tapering position is probably 
a short. The outer surface is préserved and crossed by numerous fine strie, along 
_ the middle of the ventral side, by changing and rechanging direction, form a 
_ - line of angles pointing backward but without any elevation of the surface be- 
2 yond the general contour. The septa or chamber walls are unknown, except the 
_ last one, which is but slightly convex on the outer surface. 

_ The siphuncle is located on the left side and is moderately large. The 
"aperture is not large, with an elliptical top to a low ‘“‘t.’? The shell is but 
slightly dorso-ventrally elliptical and with a slight curvature toward the dorsum. 
a7 A creeping Aulopora-like coral covers much of the surface. The type 
__speciman is nearly three centimeters long, two and one-eighth in greatest 
_ breadth, by two in lesser diameter. 
- The shape of the aperture, the character of the strix, and the lateral posi- 
s tion of the siphuncle, will readily serve to identify this species. 

ss ¥t comes from the Hamilton division of the Devonian, at Charlestown, Ind., 
_. and the type specimen is in the collection of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


GOMPHOCERAS BELLATULUM, N. Sp. (Rowley.) 


Prate 21. Fics. 5-6-7-8. 


The body is short, club-shaped, somewhat flattened dorso-ventrally. Sur- 
= face quite smooth with very faint stris, passing circularly around the shell. 
= _ The septa are moderately close together. The living CRaTabeD is shallow. The 
_ aperture is ‘‘t’? shaped with rather a deep stem to the ‘“‘t.’ 
The inflated part of the shell passes gradually into the posterior position, 
ol not as abruptly as in the previous species. Length of specimen (Figs. 7 and 8) 
over three centimeters, the greater diameter (latterz]) 2} c. m., the lesser (dorso- 
_ ventral) 13 c. m. 
, The specimens from which the description has been made were collected 
from the Hamilton beds of the Devonian at Charlestown, Ind., and are now in 
- the collection of Mr. Geo. K. Greene, of New Albany, Ind. 


GOMPHOCERAS FACETUM, N. Sp. (Rowley.) 


Priate 21. Fies. 9—-10-11-12. 


, The body is pear-shaped, the front being greatly inflated. The aperture is 
_ almost 2 round-cornered triangle. The living chamber is not deep. The septa 


59. CONTRIBUTION TO 


(chamber walls) rather close, there being about nine on the specimen (Figs. 10 
and 11). The shell is but slightly elliptical in cross section (latterally). The 
surface is crossed by fine lines of growth running circularly around the shell. 
The siphuncle is small and located ventrally. Length of figured specimen (Figs. 
10, 11 and 12) 34centimeters, greatest thickness (latterally) 24. m., dorso-ven- 
tral diameter 24 ¢c. m. 

The shape of the aperature, ornamentation, position of the siphuncle, and 
greatly inflated body will readily distinguish this species. 

Found in Hamilton division of the Devonian at Charlestown, Ind. 

The types are in the collection of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


GOMPHOCERAS OVIFORME, Hall Sp. Rowley. 


Pirate 21. Fries. 18-14. 


It is elongate club-shaped and consists of portions of eight septal segments 
behind the living chamber. The condition of preservation is such that the 
siphuncle can not be located. 

It is from the cherty layers of the Upper Helderberg Group at the Falls of 
the Ohio, and the specimen figured is the property of Mr. G. K. Greene, 


CRANOCE RAS? ERLAP-TIiCUM, —N. ‘Sp. (Rowley. ) 


Prate 21. Kies. 15=16; 


There is some doubt about the generic relation of this specimen. It con- 
sists of nine chambers, probably near the anterior portion of the shell. The 
‘sutures are straight and the siphuncle js small and near the ventral side. It is 
a portion of a shell that is accurate, and expands rather rapidly toward the 
front. Nothing is known of the living chamber, nor of the real shell surface as 
the type specimen is an internal cast. We are aware that Cranoceras isa Silu- 
rian genus while our type comes from the Hamilton (Devonian) beds near 
Charlestown, Ind. Collection of G. K. Greene. 


TEMNOCHILUS? &p. 


PEATE Ol. 9 RIG. kb. 


Is a drawing of a specimen broken across the whorls and still imbedded in 
the matrix. Where the septa are jagged they have been restored, but no at- 
tempt has been made to fill out the missing partitions and lost partitions of the 
siphunele. 


OS ee 


a a ee ee. 


r 
a] 
“> 
Mi 
o 
a 
‘ 


Pre Lee eee OY Cee Peay Fe 


INDIANA PALAZONTOLOGY. 60. 


This beautiful spécimen has been broken across in such a way as to show 
well the internal character of the shell. The siphuncle is a little nearer the 
outer than the inner side of the fossil. The septa are saucer shaped. 

The figured specimen is from the collection of Mr. G. K. Greene, and was 
found three miles north of Lanesville, Ind., in Warsaw chert. 


TEMNOCHILUS COXANUM, M.andW. Sp. Rowley. 


Puate 21. Fies. 18-19-20. 


The specimen consists of four chambers, injured on one side, and is a natu- 
ralcast. A faint raised line extends down the middle of the outer side, while 
latterly there is a large node to every second chamber. The specimen is ap- 
parently part of an individual larger than the type specimen of Temnochilus 
Coxanum but from the same horizon. 

It is from the Warsaw Limestone, three miles north of Lanesville, Ind., 
and the figured specimen is in the cabinet of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


- GRAMMYSIA IMBRICATA. Rowley. 


- 


Pirate 21. Fies. 21-22, 


This little Peleeypod seems to agree well with the above species, despite the’ 
horizon. 

_ The original type.came from the Lower Burlington Limestone, at Louisiana, 
Mo., but the author has seen it from the Chouteau, Upper Burlington and 
Cherty Keokuk beds of Missouri. It is interesting to note the occurrence of 
this shell in the Keokuk of Indiana. Now in the collection of G. K. Greene. 


The species was originally figured and described in The American Geolo- 
gist, vol. xxv., May, 1900. 


CRANIA MODESTA, W. and St. J. Sp. Rowley. 


Pirate 21. Fies. 23-24. 


This specimen is from the Upper Coal Measures of Hooser, Cowley Covnty, 
Kansas, and belongs to the collection of Geo. K. Greene. 


CRANIA DELICATA, N. Sp. (Rowley.) 


Puate 21. Fie. 25. 


Two specimens only of this little crania have been seen by the author and 
both are undervalves, attached to the pedicel valve of Productus tenuicostus. 


6h. CONTRIBUTION TO , 


The specimens are circular in outline, devoid of markings, save the subcentral 
elevation, the perimeter appearing as a mere raised line. The plications of the 
Productus show plainly through the crania. The color is a little browner than : 
that of the Productus. 
The horizon is the St, Louis Group and the locality, Georgetown, Ind. 
Types in the collection of G. K. Greene. 


CRANIA? LEMONI, N. Sp. (Rowley.) 1 


Prepared Bick bs 


There is considerable doubt in the author’s mind as to the correctness of 
the generic reference. 


The shells are parasitic, white and seem to be made up, for the most part, : 
ofa central elevation surrounded by a circular depression, outside of which is 4 
a cireular ridge or elevation. They vary much in size but all are noticeably 
small. There seem to be no striz or other ornamentation. The shape is cir- 
cular. 
The specific name is in honor of the Ciscoverer, Dr. John Lemon, of New 
Albany, Ind. 
Found in the Keokuk Group, at Edwardsville, Ind. The types are in Mr. 
.G. K. Greene’s collection. ) 


SCAPHIOCRINUS? LONGITENTACULATUS, N. Sp. (Rowley) 


PrAPp.21,. Fre, 27, 


The body of this crinoid has been so badly injured that nothing can be defi- 
nitely determined as to the arrangement of the calix plates. However, striking 
peculiarities in the arms and ventral tube induce the writer to give a name to 
this very odd crinoid. 

The arms are long, branched and of single pieces, alternately long and 
short, the former giving off the pinules which are composed of very elongate 
pieces. The outline of the plates of the ventral sack or tube can not be made 
out satisfactorily, but the tube itself is apparently coiled (recalling some of 
Angelin’s Gotland crinoids) and consists of an outer rim with a double row of 
very small elongate elevations forming a middle zone or ridge, and one inner 
rim. The little elongate elevations of the middle zone seem to be pitted and the 
zone itself is elevated above the rims and traversed by a median toothed or 
broken ridge. 

The long, strong arms, elongate pinules with their long segments and the 
coiled ventral tube will suffice to identify the species. ? 

It was found in the Kaskaskia Group of the Subcarboniferous on White River | 
below the shoals, Martin couny, Indiana. The type is in the collection of Mr. 
G. K. Greene. 


Oe eae ee eS 


INDIANA PALASONTOLOGY. 62. 


HELIOPBY LLUM, AMP LIATU M,N ‘Spe 


Pirate 22. Fries. 1-2. 


Corallum simple, turbinate or subturbinate, straight, or regularly curved. 
Acute at the base of attachment. Gradually enlarging in diameter to the 
ealix. Height varying in different individuals from forty to one hundred 
millimeters or more. Exterior very rugged, with deep constrictions and 
wrinkles, caused by intermittent growth. When decorticated, it has the ap- 
pearance of anumber of thick invaginated cups. Calix broad, slightly oblique, 
forty-five millimeters in diameter. Depth twenty millimeters. A flat space in 
the bottom of the calix. occupied by the tabule, twenty-five millimeters in di- 
ameter. Number of lamelle ninety, in the circumference of a calix forty-five 
millimeters in diameter, equal in size at the margin, alternating below for 
about five millimeters from the margin, they are flat or slightly oval: then 
gradually slope to the bottom of the calix, where the short ones gradually dis- 
appear; the larger ones are slightly elevated and sharp, and continue on the 
tabule to near the center of the calix, and abruptly end, leaving a narrow 
groove in continuation of the fossette. Fossette consists of a deep depression 
at the anterior side of the tabule, gets narrower and thinner, and disappears 
before reaching the margin of the calix. Denticulations:very coarse, from 
one to one and a half millimeters apart. 


Found in the middle Devonian (upper Helderberg group) at the Falls of 
the Ohio. Now in the collection of the author. 


HELIOPHYLLUM CONIGEROUM, N. Sp. 


Pirate 22. Fies. 3—4. 


Corallum simple, turbinate, or elongate turbinate. Straight or slightly 
curved. Aente at the base of attachment. Height seventy millimeters. 
Gradually enlarging in diameter to the calix. Exterior with distant, shallow 
constrictions and wrinkles, caused by intermittent growth. Calix somewhat 
bell-shaped, thirty-five millimeters in diameter. Depth twenty-five millimet- 
ers. Situated in the bottom of the calix, is a convex elevation, caused by 
the elevation of the tabule, ten millimeters in diameter, and five millimeters in 
height. Number of lamellae, one hundred and twelve, slightly unequal in 
size at the margin, alternating below, for about five millimeters gradually, 
then rapidly slope to the bottom of the calix, where the short ones termi- 
nate, the longner ones continues to the conical elevation in the center of the ca- 


i wot We ae ys 
' 


/ 


63. VONTRIBOTIGCN: FO 


lix and gradually disappear; a few continues to the summit of the cone and ab- 
ruptly ends, giving the surface of the cone a rugose appearance. Fossette con- 
sists of a deep narrow groove, commencing on the anterior side of the elevated 
tabule, and continues to the margin of the calix. Denticulations fine, ten in 
the space of six millimeters. 

Found in the Upper Devonian (Hamilton group) near Charlestown, Indiana. 
Now in the collection of the author. 


CA S70 LP Y bi WANE MULE LC REN ACT ME. <.. N.. Sp. 


Prate 22;- Fies. 5, 6-7. 


Corallum simple, turbinate, straight or slightly curved. Acute at the 
base of attachment, height varying in different examples, from forty to sixty 
millimeters. Exterior with numerous annulations, and sharp constrictions, 
caused by periodical growth. When decorticated, they have the appearance of 
a number of thin, invaginated cups, with fine crenulated margins. Calix 
broadly campanulate, from thirty-five to fifty millimeters in diameter. Depth 
twenty-five millimeters; the bottom of the calix is comparatively smooth, 
with a thin silicious coating of a white appearance. The lamelle is very nu- 
merous and well defined. Equal in size and broadly rounded at the margin, 
growing narrower and thinner, and gradually disappears on reaching the smooth 
space in the bottom of the calix. The vesicles in the calix have the appear- 
ance of slight swellings, variable in size, those on the surface, when decorti- 
cated, are more numerous and well defined. 

The broad rounded lamelle and the appearance of the crenulations on the 
margins of the invaginated cups, gives it the decided appearance of a Chono- 
phyllum. 

Found in the middle Devonian (Upper Helderberg group) at the Falls of 
the Ohio, now in the collection of the author. 


LAPARENTLES OBSCURE USN. Sp: 
Pirate 22. Fies. 8—9-10. 


Corallum simple, turbinate, straight or regularly curved. Acute at the 
base of attachment. Height varying in different individuals, from forty to 
sixty millimeters, regularly expanding in diameter to the calix. Exterior with 
distant rounded annulations, and wrinkles, caused by intermittent growth. 
Calix somewhat campanulate, from thirty to thirty-five millimeters in diameter. 
Depth twenty millimeters. A convex space in the bottom of the calix, occupied 


INDIANA PALAONTOLOGY. 64. 


by the tabule, twenty millimeters in diameter. Numher of lamelle eighty-six, 
in the circumference of a calix twenty-five millimeters in diameter, unequal in 
size at the margin, abruptly sloping to the bottom of the calix, where the short 
ones terminate, the longer ones continue, coalescing with the adjacent ones, 
and abruptly end on reaching the center of the cup. Fossette consists of a very 


slight depression on the anterior side of the tabule, but does not extend on the 
sids of the calix. 


Found in the middle Devonian (upper Helderberg group) at the Falls of the 
Ohio. Now in the collection of the author. 


PENTREMITES, ALTUS,. -N. Sp. (Rowley.) 


PiaTE 23. Fries. 1, 2(?)-3(?). 


The basal region of this blastoid is quite convex and from the expanded 
character of the body at the tips of the ambulacra, the cup formed by the basal 
plates is rather large. 


eens > 


The radials are over half the length of the body, while interradials are 
nearly a fourth. 


The ambulacra are about five-eighths the entire length of the body, moder- 
ately broad and scarcely sunken below the radial lips. The four spiracles are 
each doubled just within the external opening, by the sharp upper edge of the 
interradial plate, the latter thus extending near to the central summit opening. 
The anal opening is somewhat larger than a spiracle. A slight groove starts 
from the !ower point of the interradial and extends to the tip of the ambu- 
lacrum, making with the lower interradial sutures an X in each interambulacral 
area. This feature recalls a similar one on Lophoblastus. On the weathered 
portion of the type, may be seen the outer side plates and pores, and below the 
ambulacrum itself the tips of the hydrospires. 


This blastoid is much more contracted at the summit and expanded at the 
ambulachral points than P. Pyriformis. The shape of the body outside of the 
basal region is worn like, that of P. Conoideus. 

The description is made out from figure 1, a specimen obtained at New- 
man’s Ridge, East Tennessee. Fig. 2 is from near Bowling Green. Ky., and 

‘. is apparently of the same species, differing in one or two minor features. 


Both are from the Kaskaskia Group, and are in the collection of Mr. G. 
K. Greene. 


65. CONTRIBUTION TO 


AOROCRINUS CASSEDAYI. Lyon. Rowley. 


PRATE 23 ewiGoe.4—): 


The broad disk is greatly expanded in this crinoid, recalling the rim in 
some species of Eretmocrinus and some of the larger Dorycrini. 

All of the plates of the calix are strongly nodose and deeply pitted at the 
angles by ‘the radiate arrangement of the sculpturing. The arm lobes are strong 
and separated by deep valleys, especially in a ventral view. There are four arm 
bases to the lobe or twenty in all. The anal opening is located laterally and on 
a distinct fold in the broad and deep depression above the anal interradial area, 
strongly recalling a similar feature in the Dorycrini. The plates of the vault 
are small, convex and the central one and the one at the junction of the 
ambulacral ridges in each of the five radial series are highly nodose, almost 
spinose. Wachsmuth and Springer who have given the only drawings of 
complete bodies of this crinoid make no mention of these ray spines, neither do 
they figure them. 

Hamilton group near Charlestown, Ind. Collection of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


AOROCRINUS CASSEDAYI Var. CHARLESTOWNENSIS, 
N. Var. (Rowley) 


PPAR HAO Oe HAG G. 


Outside of the peculiar fluted appearance of the continued basal rim and the 
more complete channeling of the calix plates by the radiate sculpturing, this 
specimen, a calix only, differs little from our figures 4 and5dof the plate. How- 
ever, a complete body necessitate an entire specific separation. 

From the Hamilton group near Charlestown, Ind., and in the collection of 
Mr. G. K. Greene. 


AOROCRINUS DEPRESSUS, N. Sp. (Rowley.) 


PrsArE. 23) “Hie. oie 


The small basats, only seen a doral view of the calix, form a small hexagon, 
The first radials are large and strongly nodose, with short ridges extending 
to the second radials and the first interradials. The second radials small, 
quadrangular, blunt, spinose. The bifurcated third radial, five sided and 
forming a sharp elevated ridge. The double series of radials above this latter 
consists of two plates each (higher plates being wanting in the specimen) and 
so expanded as to leave but narrow interradial spaces, suggesting an almost 


INDIANA PALZONTOLOGY. 66. 


complete calix in the type specimen. The first interradials, except the first 
anal plate, are larger than the first radials, ten sided, nodose and with short 
ridges to the surrounding plates. Above each of these are two very small no- 
dose plates, apparently filling the entire upper part of each interradial area. 
Tne first anal plate is in the ring of the first radials, a little smaller, seven- 
sided, nodose. Above this plate are three smaller nodose plates, and above 
these three others much smaller, the specimen preserving three others yet higher 
in the area. The ventral disk is unknown to the writer. 

The type is in the collection of Mr. G. K. Greene, who found it in the 
Hamilton Group, near Charlestown, Ind. 


STROPHOSTY DUS. AM PILUS, No Sp... (Rowley). 


BEATE 25 ShIG. 3: 


This handsome shell in the height of the spire, and in the less rapidly ex- 
panding volutions differs even more wideiy than S. Cyclostomus from the typi- 
eal species of the genus. 

Little can be seen of the aperture from the presence of the adhering stony 
material and the crushed condition of the lip, but it is probably nearly round. 
The cross lines of growth are finer than those on 8. Cyclostomus, while the lon- 
gitudinal strictions can hardly be seen without the aid of a glass. 

Shell, subglobose; volutions five, the last an outer one quite ventricose; 
testa thin. 

In general outline our shell is nearer Cyclonema than Strophostylus, but 
wants the strong revolving ridge-like strix of the former. The ornamentation 
is nearer that of Platyostoma than Strophostylus, wanting entirely the lamellx 
character of the latter. 

The type is in the collection of Mr. G. K. Greene, and was found in the 
Niagara formation at Waldron, Ind. 


WATICORPRSIS. (DUBLA: ON. sp. (Rowley). 


Prate 23. Fies. 9, 10-11. 


Shell rather large, roundec. Volutions about five and expanding somewhat 
rapidly, the outer whirl being more than three-fourths of the height of the 
shell, round and ventricose. 

Aperture more or less rounded or eiliptical. 

Foreign, silicious matter adheres to the under side of the shell in such a 


67. CONTRIBUTION: TO 


way as to make uncertain the presence or absence of an umbilicus. Its pres- 
ence would remove our shell from Naticopsis. 

Transverse lines of growth cross the volutions, but apparently no other 
surface ornamentation. 

This fine shell comes from the Keokuk Group of Pitcher’s Point, Salt River, 
Ky., and the type specimen is the property of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


PLATYSTOMA NIAGARENSE, Hall. Rowley. 


Prapmezoe WIGS la. 


We give here the side view of a specimen from the Niagara Group of Wal- 
dron, Ind., with the outer volution free from the rest of the shell, and directed 
downward. This shell exhibits the most extravagant form of the species, and 
might well be given a varietal name were it not that extensive collections at the 
type locality show all grades of form from the lax to the closely coiled. 

The specimen illustrated is from the Niagara Group, Waldron, Ind., and is 
the property of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


SPIRIEERINA, HORIZON TALIS, N.. Sp.. (Rowley.) 


PuaTeE 23. Fies. 18—14—15-36. 


Valves unequal in length, the pedicil being quite one-third longer than the 
brachial. The greatest convexity in either valve is nearer the anterior than the 
posterior part of the shell and the greatest thickness at the middle of the pedi- 
cal valve. 

A slight depression traveres the mesial fold, making it appear to be a 
double plication. Ten simple plications either side of the mesial fold. 

A very indistinct elevation down the middle of the sinus. en plica- 
tions on either side of the sinus. 

The shell is crossed with crowded lamellose lines of growth. Cardinal ex- 
tremeties pointed but not acute. Cardinal area the greatest width of the shell 
and forms a low, broad triangle, confined entirely to the pedical valve. 

The horizontal position of the cardinal area where the shell rests on the 
middle of either valve, is the chief character of this little brachiopod. The 
character is constant, being shown by all the specimens before us, three double 
and two separate valves. 

To the flattening of the pedical valve immediately over the cardinal area 
is due this character. 

The specimens were collected from the Warsaw limestone at Lanesville, Ind., 
and now in the collection of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


INDIANA PALAJONTOLOGY. 68. 


BLOTHROPHYLLUM GREENEI, N. Sp. (Rowley.) 


Priate 23. Fics. 16-17—18—-19-20. 


This coral is extremely variable in form, sometimes elongate like Amplexus 
and at other times short like Zaphrentis, all the specimens being more or less 
tortuous, 

The calix apparently not very deep but the rim is partly broken away in 
all the specimens examined. 

The primary septa are very thin and do not reach the center, a portion of 
the uppermost tabulum appearing at the bottom of the oblique cup. <A deep 
septal fossette is near one side at the bottom of the calix. 

Secondary lamelle occur as mere denticulations near the top of the cup 
rim. One calix is somewhat elliptical while another is quite round, conform- 
ing in general to the tortuous or irregular growth of thecoral stem. There are, 
’ probably, not far from fifty primary lamelle, but in the two specimens showing 
the calix they are greatly broken up in places, owing to their thinness. 

The tabule extend throughout the length of the corallum, perhaps, and are 
seen along the side of broken and weather worn specimens, being slightly con- 
cave on the upper middle portion. 

The blister-like plates of the outer zone are also to be seen on decorticated 

specimens. . 
The epithica is thin and through it may be seen the longitudinal striations 
corresponding to the septa. . 

Lines of growth are present. 

One specimen only is entire at the base and is pointed. with a scar of at- 
tachment just above the twisted point as if the coral had actually half sur. 
rounded the stem of some object to which it had been attached. 

Many of the specimens display numerous crowded lines of growth. 

This interesting coral is named specifically for the collector, Mr. George K. 
Greene, of New Albany, Ind., in whose collection the specimens now are. 

This species occurs one and one half miles east of Bridgeport, Clark county, 
Ind., in the Knobstone group. 


SPIRIFER LATERALIS, Var. DELICATUS, N, Var. (Rowley) 


Piate 28. Fics. 21, 22-23. 


The several specimen’s of this shell differ much from Hail’s figures and de- 
scriptions of Spirifer Lateralis. They are much smaller and have very much 


69. CONTRIBUTION TO 


finer plications, sharper in outline. The differences are hardly more than of 
varietal significance, however. ; 

The figured specimens were collected from the Warsaw Limestone at Lanes- 
ville, Ind., and form a part of the collection of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


ORBICULOIDEA PARVA, N. Sp., (Rowley). 


Pruate 28. Fies. 24-25. 


The upper valve of this little shell is low, conical and circular. Apex ele- 
vated, eccentric (almost central in the largest or typespecimen). Ventral valve 
unknown. 

The shell is very thin and marked by very fine, closely arranged, concentric 
strive. 

The specimens examined vary in size from minute ones to those as large as | 
the type, and all came from the same nodule or coprolite. eollected in the Knob- 
stone shales at New Albany, Ind., by George K. Greene. 


CRANIA ROBUSTA, N. Sp., (Rowley). 


Puate 28. Fies. 26-27. 


- Shell depressed, conical. Beak of the convex valve sub-central, slightly 
curved toward the nearest side or border and fronting an ill-defined, triangular 
area. Surface apparently smooth, save concentric lines of growth. 

The specimen figured is from the Knobstone Group, three miles west of 
New Albany, Ind., and is in the cabinet of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


CRANIA DEPRESSA, N. Sp., (Rowley). 


Piate 28. Fies. 28-29. 


This shell is very much depressed, and has the beak very near the front, 
but hardly defined. 

A few concentric lines of growth are present, but the surface is otherwise 
smooth. The general outline is roughly quadrangular. 

The lower valve is unknown. The concave side of the upper valve as fig- 
ured, shows the muscular scars. 

The type specimen is from the Middle Devonian (upper Helderberg Group) 
Falls of the Ohio River. Collection of Mr. Geo. K. Greene. 


INDIANA PALAJONTOLOGY. 70. 


PRODUCTUS  _PARVIC OST AT Us. WN. op... {howley): 


Prate 23s \-hiGs. 30-31 


Shell rather small, finely plicate. Ventral valve very gibbous. Length 
greater than the width. The ventral valve incurved and rounded at the cardi- 
nal line. The rapid convex growth or bending of the ventral valve throws the 
side of the shell, near the hinge line, into folds or- crumples, crossing the plica- 
tions a little obliquely. Irregularities of growth, may be due to injury, and 
change the direction of the plications at such places, but spines are apparently 
entirely wanting. 

The dorsal valve is greatly concave and has the same fine striw. Lateral 
folds, and is devoid of spines. 

This little Productus belongs to a we.! defined group of shells of varying 
sizes, and occurring from the base to the top of the Carboniferous. 

A beautiful form occurs at Louisiana, Mo., in the Burlington Limestone, 
of larger size and of greater proportional length. 

Productus Parvicostatus occurs in the Knobstone Group, 3 miles west of 
New Albany, Ind., and the types are in the collection of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


PLATYCERAS CIRCULARIS, N. Sp. (Rowley.) 


Prate 23. Fics. 32-33. 


Shell ventricose. Spire slightly inrolled; the body of the shell rather 
rapidly expanding to the almost perfectly circular aperture. The concentric 
striz almost obliterated in the silicification of the shell. 

The circular outline of the aperture and the slightly curved spire make it 
easy to identify this species. 

The type comes from the Warsaw group at Lanesville, Ind., and is in the 
collection of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


LEPETOPSIS LEVETTEI White. Rowley. 


PLatTE 28. Fies. 34-309. 


This specimen is figured here, merely to call attention to the fact that the 
species is not confined to the Warsaw group from which the type specimen 
came, but is also found in the Keokuk limestone. 

It is one of a number of species of fossils common to the two groups and 


71. CON ERIBULON. 1 © 


leaves little doubt in the writer’s mind that the Warsaw beds are the top of the 
Keokuk group and not the bottom of the St. Louis limestone as usually consid- 
ered. 

The specimen figured was obtained from the Keokuk group at Edwards- 
ville, Ind., by G. K. Greene, and is now in his collection. 


MEGISTOCRINUS CORNIGER, N. Sp. (Rowley.) 


Pirate 24. Figs. 1-2-3834. 


Dorsal cup hardly as deep as the ventral cup with a width about three 
times the depth. 

The concavity involving the basals and first radials and the flattened zone 
outside, even the middle of the third radials, give to the dorsal cup a decided 
basin shape. 

The three basal plates form a hexagon. The first radials are hexagonal. 
The second radials of about the same size and likewise hexagonal. The third 
radials are bifurcating plates of seven sides and a little larger than either the 
second or first radials. The first interradials (interbrachials of W. and S.) are 
hexagonal and a little smaller than the first and second radials, being a little 
longer than wide. Two slightly smaller hexagonal plates rest on each of these 
first interradials. 

The first anal plate is in line with the first radials and hardly less than 
they are in size. 

Above this Jatter plate are three somewhat smaller anal interradials, 
higher plates can hardly be made out on the specimen, but are such as in other 
species of the genus. There are sixteen arm-bases and apparently thirty-two 
respiratory pores, two to each arm opening. Owing to the character of pres- 
ervation these pores can be made out in one or two places only. 

The plates of the ventral disk are small, but the sutures are indistinct. 

The anal opening is eccentric, rather large and somewhat elevated. The 
plate at the junction of the ambulacral furrows and the central dome plate, 
each bear a short, strong spine, six in all. 

The calix plates, apparently flat, or very slightly convex in places, and are 
ornamented by low, fine concentric lines. This species is a little higher, less 
spreading, and less lobes jat the arm bases, than Megistocrinus Expansus of 
Miller and Gurley, and with much greater vault spines. The plate ornamenta- 
tion is also apparently different. 

The type came from the upper Devonian beds, near Charlestown, Ind., 
and belongs to the cabinet of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


INDIANA “PAL ADONTOLOGY: 72: 


MEGISTOCRINUS EXPANSUS, Var. INFLATUS, 
N. var. (Rowley). 


Puate 24. Fies. 5, 6-7. 


The calix of this handsome Megistocrinus is low bowl shape. The basal 
plates and first radials are involved in the dorsal concavity which, however, is 
shallow, but broad. ’ 

The seeond radials and first interradials, form a more or less flattened zone 
surrounding the concavity. 

The plates of the calix are of the normal number and arrangement, slightly 
concave and ornamented by fine radiate lines and granules. The ventral disk 
is somewhct inflated and made up of numerous small plates, tlat or insensibly 
convex, apparently smooth. There are sixteen arm bases, grouped as follows: 
Beginning with the ray to the right of the anal region and going to the right, 
4, 2, 4, 2, 4. The central dome plate bears a low spine and the plate at the 
junction of the ambulacra] furrows, either side of the anal opening are simi- 
larly spinous, but the spines (three in number) are of much less size than those 
on M. Corniger.: 

The groups of arm bases are separated by depressions, as also the ray di- 
visions to a less extent. 

The anal opening is eccentric and apparently large. 

One of the second interradials has a smooth, round hole througii it, as if 
bored by some marine worm or other aquatic organism, and portions of both 
the calix and dome have barnacle-like shells attached, but all of these have 
been omitted in the drawing. 

This fossil is near to Miller and Gurley’s M. Expansus, but seems to differ 
sufficiently for the separation as a variety. 

It was found in the upper Devonian beds near Charlestown. Ind., and be- 
longs to the private collection of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


MEGISTOCRINUS CIRCULUS, WN. Sp. (Rowley): 


Puiate 24. Fies. 8, 9-10. 


This unique crinoid has a low calix, expanding toward the circle of arm 
bases from the region of the second radials. The basals, first radials and parts 
of the second radials form a decided concavity, much more so than in the 
species above noticed. The usual arrangements and number of calix plates, 
modified to some extent to conform to the shape of the cup, flat or slightly 
coacave, with low, fine linear ornamentation, apparently without definite ar- 
rangement. 


rhe CONTRIBUTION TO 


The ecalix has a peculiar pinched look between the arm bases, the fold thus 
formed being thrown into sharp cross ridges. 

There are sixteen arm bases, but the groups are not separated by notica- 
ble depressions, the pinched appearance of the inter-arm areas giving an almost 
unbroken rim-like appearance to the peripheral region. 

The vault is low, convex and rounded, made up of small, slightly tumid 
plates, without apparent surface ornamentation. The central dome plate has a 
smal! node, as also a plate above each arm group to the right and left of the 
anal region. The anal opening is eccentric, but the vault is broken in about it, 
rendering further description impossible. 

The respiratory pores are two to the arm opening and are small slits. 

This species belongs to the Depressus group, but may be readily recognized 
by the ornamentation, continuous peripheral rim, low, almost smooth dome, 
short, expanding calix, and the strong ornamentation of the small plates be- 
tween the arm bases. 

It is from the upper Devonian beds near Charlestown, Ind., and the type 
is in the collection of Mr. G. K.. Greene. 


MAGISTOCRINUS UNICORNIS, (Ni Sp., (Rowley). 


Prats 24. Fres. 11, 12-18. 


The region of the basals, first radials and parts of the second radials form 
a shallow concavity, bordered by a rounded zone. The calix is low and ex- 
panding rapidly to the arm region. The number and arrangement of the calix 
plates much as in the others already described, and nearly related species and 
varieties. 

Arm bases of strongly lobed groups, the openings being sixteen in number, 
and slightly directed upward. 

The ornamentation of the calix is quite obliterated in silicification, but 
probably consisted of low radiate lines. Plates flat. The vault is low, some- 
what inflated at the center, but depressed at the arm lobes. Plates numerous, 
small, hardly convex near the center, but more pronounced about the ambu- 
lacral ridges. 

The central dome plate spinose, and the eceentric anal opening looks like 
the base of a short proboscis, or is something more than a mere opening through 
the test. 

The low, rapidly expanding calix, strongly lobed arm groups, single central 
dome spine and strongly defined anal opening will readily serve to identify 
this little species. 


From the upper Devonian, near Charlestown, Ind., and the type is in Mr. 
G. K. Greene’s colleciion. 


‘ 


INDIANA PALAONTOLOGY. 74. 


MEGISTOCRINUS EXPANSUS, Miller and Gurley. Rowley. 


Piate 24. Fries. 14, 15-16 


This little crinoid has a flat basal region, slightly concave about the colum- 
nar base and beyond the rounded plane, rapidly expanding to the arm region. 
The calix plates are ornamented by radiate low lines, apparently breaking 
up into granules. 

The arm arrangement is asin other species of this genus, usually sixteen 
openings. The arm lobes are strong. 

_ The dome plates are smooth, a few about the ambulacral ridges being finely 
spinose. The central dome plate is acutely spinose. 

The anal opening is eccentric. 

From the Upper Devonian near Charlestown, Ind., and the specimen fig- 
ured is the property of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


INDIANA PALAOONTOLOGY. 75: 


FAVOSITES SEAMANI, N. Sp. 


Prats 25. Fre. 1. 


Corallum ramose, with short, cylindrical, nodose stems, with a hollow cen- 
tral axis, when free from foreign substance. Tubes rounded, unequal in size, 
from one to two millimeters in diameter. Tabule flat or oblique, in places 
closely arranged, and complicated with squami, in other places more distant. 
Pores rather large, round, one and two rows on a side, 

Some corallums, have broad thin basal expansions, and others are found 
attached to and completely covering the end of a stem of another coralla, and 
by its weight have broken the stem, and become free, or these may have been 
broken off by waves or currents. 

The nodose character of the stems, and the hollow central axis, will readily 
distinguish this from all other species of the ramose type. 


The specific name is in honor of Prof. A. E. Seaman, Professor of Natural 
Science in the Michigan Mining School, Houghton, Michigan. 


Found in the Lower Devonian (Corniferous group) at the Falls of the 
Ohio. Now in the collection of the author. 


CERATOPOR A BDARB ELA TA, IN. Sp. 


Piate 25. Fries. 2, 3-4. 


Corallum rapidly increasing by lateral gemmation, with closely aggregated 
tubules, spreading in fan-like expansions in more than one direction. Coral- 
lites closely connected more or less throughout their entire length, gradually 
enlarging in diameter to the margin of the calyx. Diameter of tubes varies 
in the same corallum from two to four millimeters, and occasionally there is a 
tube much larger. When the walls are in contact with each other, large 
rounded pores may be observed. The spines in the tubes are not well defined, 
but the bases can be seen in all well preserved tubes. Exterior with numerous 
annular lines of growth, more strongly pronounced near the margin of the 
tubes. 


The Fan-like growth of the corallum, and the closely aggregated corallites, 
and their oblique dilated orifices, will distinguish this from all other species. 
Found in the Upper Devonian (Hamilton group) in acut on the B. and O. 


R. R., one and a half miles northeast of Jeffersonville, Indiana. Now in the 
collection of the author. 


76. CON ERI BU Pio NO 


GCEHRATOPORA SHEP ARATA, No Sp: 


Puate 25. Fies. 5-6 


Corallum growing somewhat loose, rapidly increasing by lateral gemma- 
tion. Corallites short, cylindrical, more or less flexuous, with numerous broad, 
rounded annulations, and shallow constrictions, occasionally the walls are in 
contact their entire length; in other portions of the same corallum, the stems 
are free and in some places they are distant a tube diameter. The bases of the 
tubes rarely ever exceed two millimeters in diameter, gradually enlarging to 
the calyx. Diameter of calyx from three to five millimeters. Tabule funnel- 
shaped, and from the highly silicified condition of the coral, they appear like 
the vesicles in the cup of a Cystiphyllum. The spines or trabecule have been 
destroyed through silicification. 


This is so unlike any other species of Ceratopora, found in the Hamilton 
group, that a comparison is unnecessary. 

Found in the Upper Devonian (Hamilton group) at Charlestown, and in the 
strippings above the Cement rock, throughout Clark county, Ind. Nowin the 
collection of the author. 


Cb RAT OP OR A -N AN DS: (No Sp; 


Prate:25.. “Kies. 7%, 8; 9-10. 


Corallum small, increasing by lateral gemmation from the basal portion of 
the parent tubes. Basal portion of all the corallites broad, with a strong 
wrinkled epitheecal crust. Tubes rounded, with numerous strong rounded an- 
nulations, and rough wrinkles, caused by periodical growth. The length of 
the corallites varies in different corallums, even in the same corallum, from 
four to eleven millimeters in length, in the longest tubes observed. Diameter 
of tubes from four to five millimeters. In some examples the tubes are con- 
nected throughout their entire length, while in others, after leaving the parent 
tube, they are free; this is the case sometimes in the entire corallum. Tabule 
when present, is concave or oblique; but in many tubes it is so intimately con- 
nected with the basal portion, that it can not be determined. The walls of 
the tubes when well preserved, are decorated with numerous fine longitudinal 
granulose lines, instead of spinules, as shown in other forms of Ceratopora. 

Found in the Upper Devonian (Hamilton group), at Charlestown, and in 


the strippings above the cement beds, throughout Clark county, Indiana. Now 
in the collection of the author. 


INDIANA PALASONTOLOGY. HE 


CERATOPORA CONGLOMERATA; N.Sp 


PATE. 25. (MiGs. ~ Lil 1o=15- 


Corallum medium in size, closely aggregated, or a promiscuous mass of 
tubes, or explanate when attached to other objects. Tubes nearly uniform in 
diameter throughout. Diameter of tubes one and a half to two millimeters: in 
well preserved tubes from five to seven rows of spines can be observed: in some 
places the long slender ones reach nearly to the opposite wall. The exterior 
is comparitively smooth, more especially when the tubes become free near the 
ends; in the attached portion they are more or less wrinkled and become dis- 
torted by pressure. 


All the examples in my collection are attached to other corals, showing 
their habits to be parasitic. 


Found in the Middle Devonian (Upper Helderberg group), at the Falls of 
the Ohio. Now in the collection of the author. 


NUCLEOCRINUS CUCULLATUS, N. Sp. (Rowley.) 


PEAT ESO GA shies. l=2" 


‘The type specimen is almost spherical. Base concave, small. 

Basal plates 3, covered by the upper stem joint. 

The radial plates hardly visible on a side view. 

Interradials almost the entire body length. 

The ambulacra are narrow and slightly above the genera surface. 

The summit is slightly concave, and has a “tucked in’’ appearance. 

The central summit opening is covered by small plates, whose number we 
‘have failed to make out. 

The plate intercalated in the anal area, sulcate below, but above the sur- 
face from the middle of the specimen upward, projecting extravagantly above 
the ventral surface and forming a kind of hood over the anal opening. 


The elongate triangular areas along the interradial sutures not very pro- 
mounced, except near the base, where they become quite concave. Nearly half 
way from the base to the summit in each interambulacral area, a double ‘‘M’’- 
shaped depression crosses the triangular area like plate sutures, but merely a 
freak of ornamentation. The ornamentation is lines that pass from the ambu- 
lacra to the triangular area, and cross that area parallel to the radio-interradial 
-sutures. 


This handsome species is from the Middle Devonian beds at the Falls of 
tthe Ohio, and is in the collection of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


78. DOI SC eIauNe iO) 


NUCLEOCRINUS VERNEUILLI, Var. Inflatus, N. Var. (Rowley) 


/ 
Prate 26. Fies. 8, 4-5. 


This variety is characterized by its full interambulacral areas, almost or 
quite smooth plates and rather broad base, due to the ventricose character of 
the body. 

The anal plate is rather prominent, rising above the general contour and 
more or less produced at the summit. The ventral side of this form is covered 
over by a roof of plates, as in the illustration and the basal concavity is rather 
large, due to the shape of the body. 

The ambulacra are rather narrow and the surface markings, though indis_ 
tinct, differ little from typical verneuili. 

From the middle division of the Devonian at the Falls of the a and the 
figured specimens belong to the collection of Mr. G, K. Greene. 


NUCLEOCRINUS VERNEUILI, Var. Sulcatus. N. Var. (Rowley.) 


PuLaTeE 26. Fies. 6, 7-8. 


This variety is chiefly characterized by the very distinct grooves or sulca- 
tions occupying about one-fourth of the width of the interambulacral areas and 
extending from base to summit, being quite deep between the ambulacral tips. 
These sulci divide the body into distinct, flattened lobes and give to the areas 
between them a canoe shape, the centers of which is occupied by the ambulacra. 


The ornamentation of the interambulacral areas, bordering the ambu- 
lacra, are both cross lines and linear elevations, passing to the sulci a little 
obliquely. 

The ornamentation of the depressed areas or sulci is cross, wavy or M- 
shaped lines. 

The special anal plate is furrowed down the middle, aud but little elevated 
above the general surface. . 

Its ornamentation is very similar to that of the other sulci. 

The ambulacra are broader than in variety Jnf#atus and give room below 
for a less basal cavity. 

The summitis covered by small plates asin Verneuili, and there are ten 
spiracles as usual in the genus. 

The radials bear the same proportion in length to the interradials as they 
do in Verneuili. 

Horizon, locality and collection same as last. 


INDIANA PALASONTOLOGY. Le 


NUCLEOCRINUS VERNEUILI, Var. Pomum (?) Etheridge & Car- 


penter, Rowley. 


PraTtnelb. pRiGs. 1G 


We refer doubtfully figures 16 and 17 to this variety. The form is more 
or less rotund and plump. The anal plate is outlined by strong sutures, but 
not elevated above the general surface. The radial plates are hardly visible on 
aside view in figure 16, being very short. 

Figure 17 isa weil preserved, more or less globose specimen, but more con- 

_ tracted atthe base. The surface markings are rather peculiar as in the illus- 
tration, looking somewhat like plate sutures along the middle of the interam- 
dulacral areas. The transverse and longitudinal lines show beautifully under 
the lens. The basal cavity is a triangular pit. but the sutures of the basal 
plates are apparently obliterated. 


Loeality, horizon and collection same as the last. 


NUCLEOCRINUS VERNEUILI, Troost, Rowley. 


Pearse: 26; “Pics 279) 10. Pi 1a ey ee bo ee Foy 20s 21-22: 


Pearse. 27... Pies; ob(,.18;19..-20) 2). 22, 23: 


Figure 9, Plate 26, is an elongate form, hardly suleate interambulacrally. 
Base rather deeply concave, contracted. 


Ambulacra areas broad as in variety Suvleatus. Anai plate flat except near 
the anal opening, where it is a little protuberant. Radial plates of the usual 
proportional length. Basal plates hidden in the basal concavity. three and 
small. Ornamentation as usual, cross and longitudinal lines. 

Fig. 10, plate 26, is an anal side view of a less elongate specimen with 
scarcely any interambulacral sulcation. 

The ventral covering of -this specimen is beautifully preserved and pre- 
sents the appearance of a five pointed star with the points toward the ambu- 
lacra. 

The little plates themselves are covered with granular prominences. The 
anal plate is hardly elevated above the surface. The ambulacra are rather 
broad for Verneuili. 

Fig. 11, plate 26, is a side view of a specimen that is almost flat interam- 
bulacrally and elongate, narrow base and usual ornamentation. 


80. CON ERTS TION. PC) 


This flattening and tendency toward angular ambulacral ridges is an ap- 
proach to V. Angularis. Outside of this the separation of the species is very 
great. 

Fig. 12, plate 26, is an anal side view of another elongate specimen with 
flattened areas as in Fig. 11. Thisspecimen shows the spiracles and anal open- 
ing free from foreign matter. 


Fig. 18, plate 26, is drawn to show the unusually large size of the speci- 
men. It isa veritable giant. The ambulacrum on the right is covered nearly 
half its length below by the adjacent edge of the interradial plate, due perhaps 
to pressure, as the specimen is not symmetrical, being flattened somewhat lat- 
erally, and shorter on one side than on the other. 


Figs. 14 and 15, plate 26, are summit and side views of a handsome 
small specimen of the elongate type. The anal plate on this is quite promi- 
nent, and all the interradial plates, as well as the anal, are somewhat sulcate. 
The ventral roof of small plates is present and the spiracles are exposed. 

Hidden in the small basal cavity of this &8pecimen is the top stem joint as 
in figure 21. 


Fig. 18, plate 26, is a finely preserved, elongate specimen, but somewhat 
mutilated on one side. The interambulacral fields are convex except near the 
top and the base, where they become a little suleate. The ambulacra are of 
medium width and a little above the general surface. The anal plate is above 
the surface only near the top. The radials are about one-seventh the length of 
the body. The cross and longitudinal surface lines show well on the specimen. 

Fig. 19, plate 26, is a side view of a slightly elongate specimen, showing 
rather strong ornamentation. The interambulacral areas are full, giving toa 
cross section an almost perfectly circular outline. The basal cavity is clean in 
this specimen, and the ventral covering in perfect condition, the little plates 
havinga granular surface appearance. 

Fig. 20, plate 26, is a side view of an elongate specimen with the inter- 
ambulacral areas hardly convex, presenting much the appearance of figures 11 
and 12. Only the top of the anal plate is above the general surface, and the 
base and summit present the usual appearances seen on well preserved specimens. 

Fig. 21, plate 26, is a basal view of an imperfect, elongate specimen. The 
upper stem joint, with its round central perforation, occupies the center of the 
basal concavity. In this specimen the anal plate is not only sulcate, but above 
the general surface for over half its length. 

Fig. 22, plate 26, isa side view of a smell elongate specimen of almost 
circular cross section, the ambulacra being a little above the general surface, 
and the anal plate even more pronounced than in figure 21. 


INDIANA PALASONTOLOGY. 8h. 


Fig. 17, plate 27, is an elongate specimen, almost circular in cross section, 
the anal plate arising but little above the general surface. The summit plates 
have been removed by weathering, and five little pits with sharp division walls 
(sutures) indicate their former presence. The spiracles and usual opening 
also show well on this specimen. 


Figs. 18 and 19, plate 27, is an elongate specimen with but four ambu- 
lacra, the place of the fifth being represented by a line only. The base, how- 
ever, is quite regular in outline. The central summit opening is closed by four 
large plates and a double series of smatler plates extend outward for a little 
distance over the ambulacra. 


Fig. 20, plate 27. In this specimen the anal plate is boundsd on either 
side by an extra, elongate, triangular plate, shorter on the left side, the whole 
forming an irregular protuberance above. Thus we have in this specimen, 
three anal plates. The central summit opening in Fig. 20 is closed by a roof 


of small plates. 


Fig. 21. plate 27, is a basal view of a very elongated specimen, showing a 
beautifully preserved basal cavity with the top stem joint and its minute cen- 
tral perforation. 


The outer sutures of the basal plates show in the pit, but could not be 
reproduced in the drawing. 

The ornamentation of the radial and interradial plates is beautifully pre- 
served in the specimen, and the folding of the radials about the lower ends of 
the ambulacra, form five little foot like projections. 

Fig. 22, plate 27, isa side view of a plump specimen, in which again the 
anal plate is burdened on either side by what seems to be elongate triangular 
plates, but unlike figure 20, in that the triangles have their acute angles above, 
and their broadest part below. It is nearly impossible to determine, from the 
silicified character of the specimen, whether these are real plates or folds. 

Fig. 23, plate 27, is a summit view of a specimen, in which the ven- 
tral surface is covered by a roof of granular plates, and the spade like ends of 
the interradials concave and granular. 

In this specimen the anal plate is considerably elevated above the surface, 
near the summit, and the bounding edges of the interradials form elevated 
rims about the spiracles. 


The base of this specimen is clean, and shows the sutures of the basa] 
plates, and the anal plate is bounded, either side, by an apparent elongated 
triangular plate as in figure 22. 


Horizon, locality and collection same as the last. 


82. CONTRIBUTOR TO 


NUCLEOCRINUS ANGULARIS, Lyon, Rowley. 


PraTe 27. Fie. 1, 2, 8-4. 


The radial plates of this blastoid are short, the interradials occupying 
more than nine-tenths of the body length. The basals are three in number 
and rather small, extending but little beyond the upper stem joint. 


The column is round, medium in size and with a small, round canal. The 
base is flat or but slightly concave. The interradial areas have the mid-trian- 
gular space hardly traceable, except in the anal field, where it is bilobed and 
with a central sulcus. 


The ambulacra are narrow and with the upturned edges of the bounding 
interradials form five ridges with interambulacral valleys between. 

The summit is slightly concave and the central opening is covered by a 
roof of small pieces. | 


The spiracles are elliptical, ten in number,, and somewhat roofed over by 
the edge of the interradials. The anal opening is elongate oval. The anal 
area is noticeably wider than the other areas. 

The ornamentation is faint, longitudinal lines, apparently nearly parallel 
with the ambulacra. 

The three specimens figured are from the Upper Devonian beds near 
Charlestown, Ind., and form part of the collection of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


NUCLEOCRINE:-S: VENUS TUS... M.&.G., ‘Rowley. 


Prate 27. Fies. 5, 6, 7-8: 


This little blastoid evidently belongs to the Angularis group. Compared 
with .V. Angularis, it is smaller, more elongate, less sharply five lobed, the 
interambulacral areas being less depressed. The mid-interambulacral tri- 
angles more sharply defined and giving to the ambulacral areas a lobed instead 
of angular appearance. 


The base is flat or slightly concave. The basals are small and so is the 
column. 


The plate ornamentation is like thatof Angularis. The ambulacra are narrow. 
Spiracles and anal openings as in Angularis. 

The central summit opening is covered by a roof of small plates. 

The anal area is wider than the other interradial areas. 


The radial piates seem to be a little longer in proportion to the interradials 
than in Angularis. 


INDIANA PALASONTOLOGY. 83. 


From the Upper Devonian beds near Charlestown, Ind, Collection of Mr, 
G. K. Greene. 


NUCLEOCRINUS GREENEI, M.&G., Rowley. 


Piate 27. Fies. 12, 13; 14-15. 


This blastoid is very variable in size, some specimens of which are even 
larger than V. Angalaris. 


In a general way it is somewhat longer in proportion to the width than 
N. Angularis, but otherwise very closely resembles it. A cross section shows 
it quite as pentangular as the former. 


The base is probably never concave, being flat or slightly convex. 


The anal interradial area is wider than the other four areas and the trian- 
gular areas are more pronounced than in Angularis. 


The ventral side is flat, but probably never concave. 

The spiracles and anal openings are not otherwise than in LV. Venustus 
and WV. Angularis. 

The ambulacra stand out on sharp ridges. 


Upper Devonian beds near Charlestown, Ind. Collection of Mr. G. K, 
Greene. 


NUCLEOCRINUS STICHTERI, N. Sp. (Rowley). 


PLATE 27... Fies: 9, 10-11. 


Body elongate, somewhat contracted at the lower ends of the ambulacra 
and more inflated toward the summit. 


A cross section would give an outline circular as in typical Vernewil/. 


The base is concave and the little foot-like projections in which the lower 
ends of the ambulacra rest, _point outward and are quite prominent. 


The radial plates are about one-sixth of the entire body length. 


The ambulacra are narrow and hardly above the general convexity. The 
interambulacral triangles are hardly outlined. 


The anal plate is but little above the surface. even near the summit. 
The anal opening is more or less round, and there are ten spiracles. 
The interradial plates are about five-sixths of the body length. 


84. CONT RIBUTIGON. LO 


The silicified condition of the specimens and their badly weathered char- 
acter forbid further description. 


This form is somewhat like .V. Ohovatus of Barris, but differing in many 
particulars, being much smaller. 


It is much larger and longer than WV. Elegans, with which it has little 
affinity beyond that of generic characters. 

The specific name is for our co worker, the artist, Mr. Fred D. Stichter. 

Upper Devonian beds near Charlestown, Ind. Collection of Mr. G. K. 
Greene. 


NUECES. CR US EME AOR. IN op. sthowiey,) 


Puate 27. Fies. 24, 25, 26, 27-28. 


At a hasty glance this blastoid looks strikingly like Orbitremites Nor- 
wood, in shape and general outline. 

The base is hardly concave, small. The basal plates are mostly hidden 
beneath the top stem joint. 

The ambulacral ‘‘feet’’ point downward and the body is greatly lobed at 
that place. 

The mid-interambulacral triangles form sulcations; otherwise the interra- 
dials would be flat, merely. 

A cross section is pentagonal, but not nearly so strong as in Angularis. 
The length and width of body are about equal. The radials are about one- 
tenth the body length. The ambulacra stand out above the interradial lips and 
are quite broad for Wucleocrinus. The anal plate is but little above the sur- 
face near the top. 

There are ten spiracles and a more or less round anal opening. 

The ventral surface is flat and the central summit opening is covered by 
small plates. 

The stem is small, as shown by the upper joint and the perforation is 
minute. 

The ornamentation is lines more or less parallel with the ambulacra. The 
ambulacral areas are more rounded in this species than in V. Angularis. 

From the Upper Devonian beds near Charlestown, Ind. Collection of Mr. 

Geo. K. Greene. 


INDIANA PALASONTOLOGY. 8. 


HELIOPHYLLUM IGNOTOUM, N. Sp. 


PuatEe 28, Fies. 1-2. 


Corrallum simple, turbinate, or elongate turbinate, straight or curved, 
sometimes distorted or geniculated. In some examples the point of attach- 
ment is sharp, and in others there is a small scar that extends a short distance 
above the base. No root-like processes has been discovered on any of the speci- 
mens in wy collection. Rapidly increasing in diameter to the calix. Height 
five inches; diameter of calix from two to two and one-half inches. Depth 
twenty-five millimeters. Number of lamellae one hundred and twenty, ina 
ealix fifty millimeters in diameter, unequal in size at the margin, alternating 
below, abruptly sloping to the bottom of the calix, where the short ones 


- terminate, or coalesce with the longer ones, and continue to the center of the 


ealix, for the last five or six millimeters, very faintly indicated on the tabule, 
fossette in some cups is strongly defined, in others it is interrupted by 
the coalescing and twisting of the lamelle at that point; the position depends 
upon the curviture of the corallum; it is usually situated on the side of the 
longest curviture of the coral. Extericr with strong rounded annulations, and 
deep constrictions caused by periodical growth, denticulations coarse, about 
one millimeter apart. 

Found in the Upper Devonian (Hamilton group) near Charlestown, Indi- 
ana, now in the collection of the author. 


HELIOPHYLLUM, ADNASCENS, N. Sp. 


Pirate 28. Fies. 3, 4-5. 


Corallum simple or composite, increasing by calicular gemmation. Acute 
at the base of attachment. Sometimes there is a broad scar on the side, near 
the base of the corallum. Gradually and in some examples more rapidly ex- 
panding in diameter to the calix. Height from twenty to sixty millimeters. 
Calix broad, bell-shaped, from thirty to sixty millimeters in diameter. Num- 
ber of lamellz one hundred and four, in the circumference of a cup sixty milli- 
meters in diameter, alternating in length, equal in size and rounded at the 
Margin, becoming sharp as they descend to the bottom of the calix, where the 
short ones abruptly end; the longer ones continue coalescing, twisting, and is 
elevated into a convex cone, five millimeters in height. Fossette consists of a 
shallow depression in the bottom of the calix, continuing a short distance on 
the side of the cup, and disappears. Denticulations rather strong, sharp, ten 
in the space of eight millimeters, 

Found inthe Upper Devonian (Hamilton group) near Charlestown, Indi- 
ana, now in the collection of the author. 


86. CONTRIBUTION TO 


ZAPHRENTIS AMPLEXIFORMIS, N. Sp. 


Puiate 28. Fies. 6, 7-8. 


Corallum simple, elongate turbinate, straight or curved. Attenuate at the 
base of attachment, and in some examples there is a broad scar at the base, and 
extends a short distance on the side of the coral. Height varying in different 
specimens, from thirty to seventy-five millimeters, the longest example ob- 
served, gradually expanding to the calix. Diameter of calix twenty millime- 
ters, depth twenty-five millimeters, with vertical walls, with a flat space at the 
bottom of the calix, occupying the entire inner diameter of the corallum at that 
point. Number of lamellze seventy, in the circumference of a calix twenty 
millimeters in diameter; alternating in length, equal and rounded near the 
margins, in some examples continuing in this manner until they reach the 
bottom of the cup. In othercorallums as they descend to the bottom they be- 
come sharp, and slightly elevated; on reaching the bottom of the calix the short 
ones terminate, the longer ones Continuing to the center of the tabule, not ele- 
vated. Fossette not developed in all specimens; when it is, it consists of a 
slight depression at the margin of the tabule, not visible on the sides of the 
ealix, 

The broad tabule, the high vertical walls, and the flat, rounded lamelle, 
makes this easily recognized from all other species. 


Found in the Upper Devonian (Hamilton group), near Charlestown, Indi- 
ana, now in the collection of the author. 


ORBITREMITES OPPELTI, N. Sp., (Rowley). 


PrLate..29. Fries. 16, 16, 17; 18; 19-20: 


Body subglobose, apparently slightly concave at the summit, and witha 
more or less shallow concavity at the base. 


Interradials from one-fourth to one-third the entire length of the body, and 
flat or a little convex. 


The radials are from two-thirds to three-fourths the entire body length, and 
slope from the ambulacra to the lateral sutures, giving a quite well defined five 
lobed appearance to the fossil from a basal view. 

Basals hidden in the dorsal concavity, and unknown to the writer. Proba- 
bly muchas in Orbitremites norwoodi. 

Ambulacra narrow, and composed of many side pieces, bordered on either 
side by a row of granules, otherwise the ambulacra would stand out above the 
general surface. As it is, they are even with the tops of the granules. 


INDIANA PALACSONTOLOGY. 87. 


Of the character of the anal opening, spiracles and central opening nothing 
is known from the condition of the specimen. 

The ornamentation of the deltoids is rows of heavy granules, often more 
or less confluent, parallel with the lower sutures or broadly V-shaped. 

The radials are ornamented by strong rows of more or less confluent gran- 
ules, parallel with the radio-deltoid and radial sutures or L-shaped inverted. 
Along the radio-interradial sutures, there is a sunken band or zone of small 
granules, and a groove along the radial sutures, broadest above. 

This isa handsome species and might be mistaken for O. granu/atus, but 
differs from that species in its strongly lobed character, longer deltoids, definite 
arrangement of the granules and in the depressed radio-interradial zone. More- 
over it comes from a much lower horizen. 

The specific name is for Dr. Otto Oppelt, of New Albany, Ind. 

The type specimens came from the Knobstone group, two miles north of 
New Albany, Ind., and are in the collection of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


Figures 18, 19, 20 are restored views of the species. 


PENTREMITES, CONOIDEUS, Hall, Rowley. 


Pirate 29. Fies. 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 38, 34. 


This very abundant blastoid shows great diversity in both size and outline 
Two forms deserve particular notice, differing so far from the typical cono- 
deus as to be entitled to varietal names. For one of these we propose: 


PENTREMITES CONOIDEUS, var. Perlongus, n. var. (Rowley.) 


Prapre 29) 1G. 28; 


The greatest lateral diameter of the body is above the tips of the ambu- 
lacra, so that the form is almost barrel-shape, but with the greater end diame- 
ter at the base. Like the typical form, this variety is strongly lobed; while 
from its extremely elongate shape, the plates are proportionally greater in 
length and less in width than in the broader forms. In outline this form is 
much like Pentremites elongatus from the Burlington limestone. 


In the author's collection is a specimem from near Flag Pond, Va., so con- 
tracted at the base as to give a truly elongate elliptical outline on side view. 


The type of this variety is from the Warsaw limestone at Lanesville, Ind., 
and now in the collection of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


For the other form we offer the name. 


88. CONTRIBUTION TO 


PENTREMITES CONOIDEUS, var. Ampius, n. var. (Rowley). 


Pirate 29. Fias. 31, 32, 338-34. 


The width of these specimens is quite as great as the length and the great- 
est lateral diameter is midway of the body, giving a granatocrinoid form to the 
fossil. 


There is quite as much difference in form, size and relative proportion of 
plate length and width between this variety and typical conozdeus as there is 
between P. godoni and P. pyritormis, yet these latter two are- regarded as 
distinct species. Perhaps the intermediate forms in the conoideus group more 
closely unite typical cono/deus with variety amplus than variations in the 
godoni series connect pyriformis and godoni. Yet figures in ‘‘The Catalogue 
of the Blastoids in the British Museum,’’ by Etheridge and Carpenter fail to 
show this fact. F 


Accepting, as these authors do, the validity of pyriformis and godoni, 
they unhesitatingly unite conoideus and koninkanus, forms as diverse as the 
former and as easily separated by American collectors. 


Locality and horizen the same as variety perlongus, and the types in Mr. 
G. K. Greene’s collection. 


Figure 41 is a specimen of Pentremites conoideus, to show the great 
thickness of the test just above the base, where the cast of the viceral cavity is 
exposed to view. Atthe summit the shell is rather thin. It will also be seen 
from this figure that the hydrospire folds are imbedded in the thickened test 
below for nearly half their length, instead of hanging free in the cavity as 
they do near the summit. 


This is probably a constant character of Pentremites, and is also noticea- 
ble in some of the granatocrinoids. In Orbitremites norwoodi and Crypto- 
blastus melo, however, the hydrospires are exposed internally, full length. 

Figure 88 is a view of the cavity of a conoideus showing the place at 
which the hydrospires enter the thickened test. 

Compare this height with the tips of the ambrulacra, either side of the 
figure. 

Figure 40 is a specimen from which the hydrospires have been removed, 
exposing the double row of pores piercing the test, beneath each ambulacrum ; 
also showing the broken ends of the hydrospire tubes at the summit. 

Figure 37 (x2) is a good view of the hydrospires as seen from the base, the 
tips being exposed inside the thickened ends of the radials. 

Figure 39 (x2) is a similar drawing, side view, but with the ambulacral 
tubes broken away in part, the central perforation being exposed at the sum- 
mit. The anal opening and ventral area are shown as openings through the test. 


INDIANA PALAONTOLOGY. 89. 


PENTREMITES PYRIFORMIS, Say, Rowley. 


PrateE 29. Fics. 21, 22-23. 


Side and basal views of amalformed specimen. By the introduction of a 
narrow sixth radial, the slender ambulacrum to the left has quite crowded 
out the interradial on its right, and more or less deformed the adjoining ambu- 
lacrum. 

Figure 22 shows this extra radial, which has no groove for the reception 

of anambulacrum, but an indistinct longitudinal flattening instead. 

Figure 23 is a basal view of the same specimen showing the hexagonal 
outline and the broad concave field between the two pairs of crowded ambulacra. 

The summit has the usual four spiracles and the anal opening, but the 
perforation between the crowded ambulacra is smaller than the rest. 

Figure 12 is a side view of a specimen that has been crushed by a weight 
on the tip of one ambulacrum, and the injury repaired by the secretion of suc- 
cessive longitudinal bands of stony material, giving the injured radial a pecu- 
liar linear and banded appearance, much like regular plate sutures. 

All of these specimens of P. pyriformis are from the Kaskaskia limestone 
near Bowling Green, Ky., and belong to the collection of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


PENTREMITES GODONI. DeFrance, Rowley. 


Preate 29:- “Pias: 1, 2.3. 7,8: 


Figures 1 and 2 are views of a specimen with six radials, giving to the 
base the appearance of a six-rayed star. The place in the extra plate that 
should be the tip of an ambulacrum is slightly grooved. 


Figures 3 and 4 are ventral and side views of a specimen witha pyramid 
covering the region about the anal opening and the spiracles. It is a five- 
lobed structure, the lobes being interradial in position. The spiracles and anal 
opening are not covered over, ‘however, but appear as small perforations at the 
top of the pyramid, uncovered, perhaps by the action of water or weather. 
There passes down the middle of each ambulacrum, for a little distance from 
the pyramid a low roof-like covering, but the nature of the pyramid and the 
covering can not be determined on account of the silicified character of the 
specimen. This strange feature can hardly be due, however, to the overlapping 
of proximal pinules into a pyramid, as in Etheridge and Carpenter’s figure in 
‘*The Catalogue of Blastoidea,’’ or similar in construction to the ventral pyra- 
mid described by Shuman, and afterwards observed by Hambach. It is more 
. probably a structure composed of small plates. 


90. CONTRIBUTION £O 


Figures 7 and 8 illustrate a peculiar deformity. A similar specimen is 
figured by Etheridge and Carpenter on Plate 2, Figs. 8-9 in ‘‘The Catalogue of 
the Blastoidea.”’ 

There are five radial plates, but one isnarrow and without an ambulacrum, 
being imperceptibly grooved. One of the four ambulacral fields (the one on 
the right of the deformed radial) is broader than the other three, a ridge pass- 
ing down the middle of it. As this ridge is composed on each lateral face of 
side plates, we have here in this abnormal ambulacral area two ambulacra with 
their abutting edges pushed up into a ridge-like fold. 

The specimens of Pentremites godoni, here figured, are from near Bowl- 
ing Green, Ky., and are the property of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


PENTREMITES KONINCKANUS, Hall, Rowley. 


Praterce. “Hrs. p, 6,95 1: Aas 1b. 13, > 14: 


Figs. 9, 10a, 11 are illustrations of a tetraradiate specimen, but with one am- 
bulacral field broader than the rest and the medial groove occupied by a broad, 
rounded ridge, composed of a double row of side pieces, the whole forming a 
double ambulacrum. The abnormality of this specimen differs from that of 
the Pyritormis, Figs. 7 and 8, in the absence of the fifth radial. 

Figures 13 and 14 representa symmetrical tetraradiate specimen. There 
are two such in the collection. 

The specimen represented by figures 5 and 6 preserves a part of the mid- 
ventral pyramid, but more poorly preseryed than the same structure in Figures 
oan 4. | 

All thesé specimens of Koninckanus are enlarged to two diameters. 


They were collected from the Warsaw group at Lanesville, Ind. So also 
were all of the figured specimens of P. conoideus, and are a part of the collec- 
tion of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


TRIC@LOCRINUS WOODMANI, M. and W., Rowley. 


PLATE 29. Fias. 35, 36, 42, 48. 


The figures represent a badly decorticated specimen, restored in plate sur- 
face by the artist. It is figured here merely to show the base of the triangular 
column and its minute central perforation. It would be interesting to know if 
triangular columns occur in the Warsaw beds, where this blastoid is found, 
and it is probable that all species of this genius have, at least, the bases of 
their columns triangular, 


Figures 42 and 48 show the portion of column attached to a larger, but 


wns 


Da ani te ss rac tagnsli tS 


INDIANA PALA ONTOLOGY. Ae 


even more poorly preserved specimen of woodmani. The propriety of sepa- 
rating TZricewlocrinus bipyramidalis and wortheni from woodmani and 
placing them in another genus is not apparent to the writer. 

Metablastus may be a good genus and include /ineatus and such very 
elongate forms, but the distinctive characters of Zricwlocrinus are possessed 
by wortheni and bipyramidalis. 

From an examination of a large series of these last mentioned species from 
Boonville, Mo., the writer is inclined to doubt that specific differences exist 
between wortheni and bipyramidalis, a complete series of intermediate 
forms, making it quite impossible to define the limits of the two _ species. 
However, forms that the writer takes to be bipyramidalis occur in the War- 
saw beds of Indiana, associated with woodmani while no typical worthen? 
has yet been brought to his notice from that particular section. 


The figured specimens of 7. woodmani were collected from the Warsaw 
beds, two miles west of Bridgeport, Harrison county, Ind., and are now in the 
G. K. Greene collection. 


TALAROCRINUS SIMPLEX, Shumard, Rowley. 


PiatTe 29. Fieas. 24, 25, 26-27. 


Figure 24 shows a specimen with an extra plate between one of the radials 
and the basal plate belowit, and encroaching on two other radials at their 
lower angles. This plate.is pentagonal and wider than long. 


Another specimen of this same speeies, figures 25, 26, has an extra plate 
in the anal area, below the usual anal plate, and cutting off the lower radial to 
the right. This is rather a small quadrangular plate, wider than long. The 
same specimen, figure 26, has a large extra quadrangular plate between a ra- 
dial and a basal plate. 


These two abnormal specimens are from Lanesville, Ind., Warsaw group, 
and the normal specimen, figure 27, from the Keokuk Limestone of Edwards- 
ville, Ind. All belong to the G. K. Greene collection. 


ELEUTHEROCRINUS-CASSEDAYTJ, Shumard & Yandell, Rowley. 


Puate 30. Fies. 1, 2, 3-4. 


This very peculiar blastoid, viewed from its anterior side, bears a striking 
resemblance to the associated species of Pentremitidea, but there the likeness 
ends. 

The abbreviated fifth ambulacrum, the short and broad posterior radial, 
and the narrow, elongate bases upon which the latter plate rests, widely sepa- 


92. CONTRIBUTION EO 


rate this from all other blastoids. The absence of the stem facet is a _ still 
more striking feature. 


The small basal plate, pushed toward the anterior side, supports two 
elongated radials above, and on the other side is half enveloped by the two 
elongate radials of the posterior side. These paired radials are half the length 
of the body and support on their long sides two elongated radials of abnormal 
shape, anda short broad radial on their curved upper edges. This posterior 
radial resembles the radia] plate of a Platycrinus. The normal interradials 
are rather short, and the two adjoining the short ambulacrum are somewhat 
narrower. 

The little projections at the lower ends of the normal ambulacra, are ex- 
travagantly extended outward. 

The normal ambulacra are about four-fifths the entire length of the body, 
and somewhat below the incised edges of the supporting radials. The two 
lateral ambulacra are somewhat longer, with hardly noticeable projections be- 
low, and not sunken below the general surface, except near the summit. 

The azygos ambulacrum is quadrangular and confined to the summit of 
the calyx. 7 

The central opening is small, and there are apparently eight spiracles, but 
this observation is not quite satisfactory, as all of the specimens seem to be 
injured somewhat at the top. 

The specimen shown in figure 3 is much larger than the others. 


They come from the Upper Devonian, near Charlestown, Ind., and all the 
figured specimens are in the collection of Mr. G. K. Greene. ; 


PENTREMITT DE AC?) D'U BIA, N. Sp. (Rowley). 


>. Pram ca0. “lace, Jo Coto Al: 


The three basal plates of this little blastcid form a sharp triangular pyra- 
mid which is more than a fourth of the entire body in depth. The radial 
plates are nearly three-fourths of the entire body length. The interradials are 
not visible on a side view, being minute’and confined to the summit. Sharp 
radial projections receive the distal ends of the ambulacra and extend hori- 
zontally outward. 

The ambulacra are rather narrow and are but little below the edges of the 
grooves in which they lie. 

Outside of the basal pyramid, the body is somewhat elliptical and circular 
in cross section, the interambulacral spaces being convex, and the whole having 
a plump appearance, 


The columnar sear is round and small. 


1 aps 
$4 


ee ee ee eee 


INDIANA PALASONTOLOGY. 93. 


The upper ends of the radials project upward distinctly. 
The anal spiracle is of moderate size and round. 


There are eight other spiracles which would seem to indicate that our 
species is not Pentremitidea, but otherwise the resemblance is close, and there 
isn’t sufficient excuse for referring it to any other genus or erecting a new 
genus for its reception. The minute interradials hardly distinguishable in the 
specimens, save the anal piece, are unmistakable Pentremitidean characters. 
It is widely separated from any subcarboniferous genus as Sr/h/zohblastus, to 
which there is a superficial resemblance. 


Horizon, locality and collection same as the last. 


PENTREMITIDEA? APPROXIMATA, N. Sp. (Rowley). 


PATE S30). (biG. Se 


The specimen here figured is somewhat injured about the base, but is sufti- 
ciently well preserved to show that the basal plates form a less pronounced 
convexity. 

The body in side view is elongate elliptical and the radials are almost as 
long as the entire body. The interradials except the anal plate, are not visible 
on a side view, and are probably confined to the summit. 

The ambulacra are somewhat wider in proportion than in the last de- 
scribed species, and extend above the grooves that hold them, thus differing 
widely from P. dubia. 

The upper ends of the radials are depressed and a cross section of the 
dody is decidedly pentangular. (Compare with figure 6 of P. dubia). Our 
specimen is not unlike Pentremitidea leda, but has double spiracles instead of 
single in that species. The anal opening is round and there are eight spiracles. 

The horizon, locality and collection same as the last. 


PENTREMITIDEA LEDA ? Var. magna, N. Var. (Rowley). 


Pirate 30. Fics. 9-10. 32-33? 


There is some doubt about the reference of this specimen to Hall’s species. 


The three basal plates form a low convexity and the columnar facet is 
small. 

The radial plates are little less than the entire body length. The interra- 
dials are small, but apparently visible on a side view. The ambulacra are of 
moderate width and quite as long as the radial plates, and forming with the 
upturned lips of the grooves, low, rounded ridges. The ambulacra are not at 
all sunken. 


94, CON TRIBUTION “FO 


The central opening of the vault is star-shaped and there. are five round 
spiracular openings of which the anal opening is the largest. 


A cross section of the body is pentagonal, but not sharply so, the middle 
of the interambulacral areas being slightly convex. 


Horizon, locality and collection same as the last. 


CODASTER ATTENUATUS, Var. robustus. N. Var. (Rowley. ) 


PEAre- 30.) Fries. 12.13, 16; 17: 


The basal plates form a cone. The radial plates are narrow-elongate, 
forming nearly two-thirds of the entire length of the fossil. The ambulacra 
are short and narrow and hardly seen on a side view. Crossing the four inter- 
radial plates and the upper edges of the radials are, on either side of an am- 
bulacrum, six or seven hydrospire slits starting from the interradial ridge and 
running parallel with the ambulacra. 


The central opening is round and rather small. 


The anal opening is round and much larger than the central opening. The 
ends of the interradial ridges are broken, thus giving the appearance of open- 
ings. 

The specimen is too badly preserved to show surface markings. 

The shape of this fossil, the short, narrow ambulacra and the rounded, 
upper edges of the radials, together with the almost circular cross section sepa- 
rates it at least as a variety from C’. attenwatus. It will probably prove to 
be a good species. 


Upper Devonian, Clark county Cement quarry, Clark county, Ind. Col- 
lection of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


CODAS TER ATTENUATUS © Lyon, Rowley. 


Pruate 380, Fies. 14-15. 


This little blastoid differs somewhat from C. attenuatus, but hardly 
enough even to separate it from that species as a variety. The radials are so 
tucked in above that the interradial spaces are small and the respiratory slits 
seem to be few. The basal plates form a cone of half the body length, longer 
proportionally than in (. attenuatus. The entire body is conical in shape. 
A section at the ends of the ambulacra gives a pentagonal outline. The am- 
bulacra stands up sharply, while the interradial ridges are inconspicuous. 
Again the horizon of this specimen is higher than that of C.. attenwatus. 


Horizon, locality middle Devonian upper Helderburg group, Falls of Ohio. 
Collection of G. K. Greene. 


INDIANA PALASONTOLOGY. 95, 


CODASTER PYRAMIDATUS, Shumard, Rowley. 


Pirate 30. Fies. 18, 19, 24, 25, 22-23. 


The three basal plates form the frustum of an elongated triangular pyra- 
mid. The radial plates in the larger specimens are a little more than one-half 
the body length and form five strong lobes. 

The interradial plates are confined to the summit and either side of the 
interradial ridge are cut by from five to seven hydrospire clefts. 

The ambulacra are narrow, and but little above the interradial plates. 
The central opening is five-pointed, and the anal aperture round. The body 
in cross section, is stellate, due to the lobed character of the radials. 

The ornamentation is longitudinal lines. 


The first or basal joints of the column are probably triangular and the per- 
foration is minute. 


Middle Devonian, Columbus, Ohio. Collection of Mr.G. Ko Greene. 


CODASTER ATTENUATUS, Lyon, Rowley. 


PEATE SO: Fries: 20-24: 


This species, while quite as large as ('. pyram/datus, is never so strongly 
lobed. The whole specimen is conical in shape and the basal plates-form over 
a third of the entire height of body. The radials are narrow, elongate and 
their upper edges are tucked in toward the summit. 

The interradials are confined to the summit. 

The ambulacra are narrow and hardly above the interradial areas. The 
hydrospire slits are from 6 to 8 between the interradial ridge and adjacent am- 
bulacrum. The central opening is stellate and small. The anal opening is 
round. 

A cross section varies from round to pentagonal. The surface is orna- 
mented by longitudinal lines. 

Formation, locality middle Devonian, Falls of the Ohio. Collection of Mr. 
G. K. Greene. 


CODASTER Sp? 


Pratp 307 Fires. 26-27 x2: 


These pretty little Codasters are unfortunately too poorly preserved for 
identification. 
They are conical in shape and the basal plates are half the body length. 


96. CONTRIBUTION. TO 


The radial plates are but slightly lobed above, and the interradials can not be 
made out as the summit of each of the three specimens before me is injured or 
poorly preserved. The ambulacra are narrow and but little elevated. 

It is almost certain that these fossils are not Codaster attenuatus nor (. 
pyramidatus, but until the hydrospire slits can be seen there is no abso- 
lute certainty that they are even Codasters. 

Upper Devonian, Charlestown, Ind. Collection of G. K. Greene. 


METABLASTUS BIPYRAMIDALIS?, Hall, Rowley. 


Puate 80. Figs. 28, 29, 30-81. 


The basal plates form a low, but strongly triangular pyramid. The radial 
plates are long and with a strong central ridge from the distal ends of the am- 
bulacra to the basal plates. 

The interradial plates are found at the extreme upper ends of the interam- 
bulacral areas and only visible on a side view in the top of the excavated 
grooves. The interambulacral areas slope toward the summit from the lower 
ends of the ambulacra, and thus form the second pyramid, as implied in the 
name. The ambulacra are elongate, narrow and about two-fifths of the body 
length; deeply sunken in the radial sinuses, especially at the summit. 

The anal opening perforates the end of one of the interambulacral areas, 
but no spiracles are visible on the specimen before us. 

The surface ornamentation is not preserved. 


In the center of the triangular excavation at the base is the small colum- 
nar facet. 


This fossil comes from the Warsaw beds at Lanesville, Ind., and the fig- 
ured specimen is the property of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


ORBITREMITES GRANDIS, N. Sp., (Rowley.) 


Puate 80. Figs. 34-35. 


The specimen from which this description is made out is a natural cast of 
the visceral cavity and nothing but the great size of the specimen and its 
unique plate arrangement could induce us to describe a species from such ma- 
terial. The fossil is a giant of its kind, subglobose with a very large and 
probably somewhat concave base. 

The radials are but little more than half the length of the body, while 
the interradials are a little less than half the entire body length. The 
ambulacra, from very narrow at their distal ends, increase in width upward 
toward the summit. They were probably a little sunken below, but above the 
surface outline above. 


[INDIANA PALZAZONTOLOGY. 97. 


A cross section would hardly be round, the mid-interambulacral areas being 
slightly concave. 

The anal opening is apparently small. Spiracles unknown. The broad 
base, the great length of the deltoids and the large size of the fossil itself will 
serve to identify it. 

It is not unlike an upper Burlington form and somewhat near to Granato- 
crinus granulosus, but much larger than either form. 

Keokuk group, Greene county, Ky. Collection of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


PENTREMITES GODONI, DeFrance, Rowley. 


Piate 30. ‘Fics. 36, 39, 


In figure 36, a ground specimen, the position of the hydrospire tubes is 
shown, the dark spots being the central opening and anal aperture. The sub- 
ambulacral canal is shown in the figure just over the middle of two hydrospire 
groups. There seem to be but three hydrospire tubes to the group. 

Figure 39 is a specimen to which 5 or 6 stem joints are attached. The 
column is small and the joints are thin. 

Both specimens are from the Kaskaskia limestone of Warren county, Ky., 
and belong to the collection of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


PENTREMITES PYRIFORMIS, Say, Rowley: 


Pirate 30. Fies. 87, 38, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45. 


This series of specimens gives most of the variation in size and outline 
noticed in the species. 

Figure 37 is a specimen from Warren county, Ky., and represents an ex- 
treme in form, approaching somewhat P. godoui. 

Figure 38 is a beautiful specimen from Newman’s Ridge, Tenn., in which 
the radial sinuses are deep. A single stem joint is attached. 

Figures 40 and 41 are from Warren county, Ky., and have stem joints 
attached. 

The appearance of folds about the basal plates is somewhat odd and sug- 
gests conditions in growth. 

The specimen shown in figures 42 and 43 is a Kentucky specimen and rep- 
resents the very elongate variety, andis near the form knownas P. symmetricus, 
about five stem joints are attached to this specimen. 

Figs. 44, 45 is a young specimen from Crittenden county, Ky. The ambu- 
Jacra are short and broad, occupying not over one-third of the body length. 

If it is true, as appears, that the deltoids are not visible on a side view. 
but very small and confined to the ventral surface, this little blastoid may 
represent a new species. 

All these specimens are from the Kaskaskia limestone, and belong to the 
collection of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


Waa eee at ke ead eee Te a 
ae Be rs Se lars - a ee eS | an ae Ae ee ee IN Se ee Ee eee 


INDIANA PALZONTOLOGY. 98 


BRIDOPHYLLUM LOUISVILLENSIS, -N.: Sp. 


Prate Sie ~Rre.w 4 


Corallum composite, rapidly increasing by calicular gemmation. Corallites 
more or less distant, from two to five or more millimeters apart. Attached by 
strong root-like processes growing from their sides. Tubes rounded, unequal 
in size, from five to fifteen millimeters in diameter. The entire corallum does 
not exceed forty millimeters in height, and eighty millimeters in diameter. 
Number of lamelle seventy, in a calix fifteen millimeters in diameter, uniform 
in size, and slightly rounded at the margin, alternating below, for two or three 
millimeters from the margin flat, or slightly oval, then abruptly slope to the 
bottom of the calix, where the short ones terminate, the longer ones continue, 
coalescing with the adjacent primary ones, and fasciculating and twisting into 
a small prominence in the center of the calix. No fossette observed in any of 
the cups. 

Found.-in the Upper Silurian (Niagara group) at the Work House Quarry, 
Beargrass Creek, near Louisville, Kentucky, now in the collection of the author. 


DEP RY PRY LELUM-“ BILLING Sig, Aa Sp- 


Pirate 31. Fie. 2, 8. 


Corallum composite, rapidly increasing by ealicular and lateral gemmation. 
Stems rounded, unequal in size, five to fifteen millimeters in diameter. Exter- 
ior of corallites with numerous annulations and sharp constrictions, giving to 
the stems the appearance of a number of thin invaginated cups. Height vary- 


_ing from twenty to forty millimeters. Diameter of calix, from five to fifteen 


millimeters. Depth five millimeters. Situated in the center of the calix isa 
smooth convex area, inclosed in a vertical wall, two millimeters in diameter. 
Number of lamell sixty, in the circumference of a calix twelve millimeters in 
diameter, equal in size at the margin, alternating below, gradually sloping to 
the bottom of the calix, where the short ones abruptly end, the longer ones con- 
tinue to the vertical] wall in the center of the calix, and terminate. Denticula- 
tions appear as small granules. Fossette consists of a small groove, commene- 
ing at the edge of the vertical wall and continuing to the margin of the calix. 

The short, rapidly increasing corallites, and the invaginated appearance of 
the stems, makes this easily recognized from all other species. 

The specific name is in honor of Mr. Walter R. Billings, of Ottawa, Canada. 

Found in the Upper Silurian (Niagara group) at the Work House Quarry, 
on Beargrass Creek, near Louisville, Kentucky, now in the collection of the au- 
thor. 


99, CONTRIBUTION TO 


BORD BON TAS NGAP Te 


PEATE Oke BIGS: tw Os Os. i Oy. U5 Os ls 


Zaphrentis deformis, Hall, Twelfth Annual Report of the Indiana Geologi- 
cal Survey, 1882, page 290, plate 20, figures 9-10. 

Zaphrentis Knappi, Hall, Thirty-fifth Annual Report of the State of New 
York, page 438, 1884. 

As the descriptions for both species are the same, I prefer the specifiic name 
Knappi, as this was intended as a compliment by Prof. Hall, to his old friend 
Dr. James Knapp, of Louisville, Ky. 

Corallum simple, or composite, and sometime growing socially, two or more 
together, with a broad sear at the point of attachment. Gradually, or some- 
times more rapidly, expanding in diameter to the calix. Height varying in 
different individuals, from fifteen to forty millimeters. Diameter of calix, from 
ten to twenty-five millimeters. Depth, five to ten millimeters, with a smooth 
space in the center of the calix, occupied by the tabule, from ten to twelve mil- 
limeters in diameter. Number of lamellv, from thirty to thirty-two, in the cir- 
cumference of a calix, twenty-five millimeters in diameter. When well pre- 
served they are unequal in size, and sharp at the margin, gradually descends to 
the smooth space in the center of the calix, and abruptly terminates, leaving a 
smooth space in the center of the cup, ten or twelve millimeters in diameter. 
Secondary lamelle rudimentary. Fossette consists of a slight depression at the 
margin of the smooth space in the center of the calix, but does not extend on 
the side of the coral. Exterior with numerous strong rounded annulations and 
wrinkles, caused by periodical growth. 


Found in the Upper Devonian (Hamilton group) at Charlestown, and in 
the strippings above the different cement quarries, throughout Clark County, 
Indiana, now in my collection. 


GENN#ZOCRINUS, FACETUS, N. Sp., (Rowley). 


PLATS 82.) SRtGsol, 2.8. ae Oy GO. 


The body is low, basket shape, the ventral disk being hardly convex. 

The basals are three in number, and extend liorizontally outward beyond 
the column base as three sharp ridges or tripartite rim. 

The first radials are hexagonal, each with a strong central tubercular 
prominence, sharp and angular, extending outward almost horizontally and 
overshadowing the basals. 

A sharp ridge extends upward from this tubercular prominence, fork- 
ing on the third primary radial and each branch again dividing on a second 


 & 
€ 
i 


INDIANA PALAZONTOLOGY. 100. 


axillary plate, a third division occurring on each inner branch. From the 
tubercle extends outward on each side to the center of each adjacent first 
radial, and each first interradial a low, sharp ridge. 


The second primary radial plate is about as long as wide and hexagonal 
and sends outward from its center a low, sharp ridge, to the first interradial 
on each side, 


The third primary radial is apparently pentagonal and axillary. Each of 
the radials resting on the upper, sloping sides of the third primary radial, are 
axillary, and the plate resting on the inner side of this second axillary plate is 
also a bifurcating plate, the whole supporting above, around the periphery, 
thirty arms, six to the ray. 


Above the third primary radial, the radial ridges become much stronger 
and round instead of sharp or angular. 

The first interradial (of the four series) is seven sided and supports above 
three smaller interradials. 

Above the latter are apparently two other plates in the ealyx. The first 
anal interradial is in the first radial ring, and of the same size as the first 
radials, seven-sided, supporting above three smaller plates. 

Above these latter are five little plates, and still above these five very 
small plates. 

Between the arm bases in the anal interradius are still other five little 
plates. 

The interradial plates of the anal area have central tubercles, so also 
have the plates in the other four interradial areas, the center of each first in- 
terradial giving off six, low, sharp ridges to the contiguous plates. There is 
apparently but one minute interaxillary plate to the ray. 

In the depressed triangles formed by the radial ridges and the low, sharp 
interradial ridges are three small granular tubercles. 

The column is round and the canal small. 

The plates of the ventral disk are ornamented by small tubercles, most 
numerous along the ambulacral ridges and about the ana] opening. 

The central dome plate has a larger wart-like tubercle. On each ambulac- 
ral ridge, just over the arm openings is a yas slender spine, directed a little 
obliquely outward. 

The body is deeply lobed at the arm bases. 

The arm openings are directed a little upward. - 

The anal opening is located laterally, as in Aorocrinus, and on a warty 
prominence. 

Nothing is known of the arms or pinules of this species. 


101. CONTRIBUTION = 2O 


From G. kentuckiensis this species differs in the number of arms, (thirty 
instead of forty) the less number of radiating ridges on the calyx plates, and 
the strong nodose character of the first radials. 

The specimens figured come from the Upper Devonian beds near Charles- 
town, Ind., and are the property of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


AOROCRINUS CASSEDAYI, Lyon, Rowley. 


PEATE S22 AGS, “1, 8,9: 


The three basal plates form a wide, thin, continuous rim below the radials, 
the body being constricted above. 

The first radials are hexagonal, the second hexagonal, the third pentagonal. 

There are two radials of the second series (secondary brachials). Each 
ray of the third radial series is composed of two plates. 

The first interradial is hexagonal with two plates above and two other 
very small ones above the latter. 

The first anal plate is seven-sided and as large as the first radial. 

Above this plate are three tuberculose plates, five smaller tuberculose plates 
above the latter, and four or five yet higher up. 

All the calyx plates are highly convex and are made stellate by short, ra- 
diating ridges, extending to the sutures. 

The arm lobes are strong, the column is small, the canal minute. 

The ventral disk is somewhat elevated, but less so than the dorsal cup. 

The plates are small and convex or warty. 

The food grooves are covered by a double row of small, warty plates. 

Over each pair of arm openings is a quite strong, low, warty-like tubercle. 

The central dome plate supports a short, heavy, spine-llke tubercle. 

The anal opening is lateral, directed outward and on a flattened ridge. 

The arm openings are directed a little upward and twenty-two in number, 
the right anterior lobe bearing six against four for each of the other lobes. 

This beautiful fossil comes from the Upper Devonian, near Charlestown, 
Ind., and the specimen figured is the property of Mr. G. K. Greene. 

A study of the figures of Genneocrinus facetus and Aorocrinus cassedayi, 
on our plate, will fail to bring out the great differences between the two genera, 
as seen by Wachsmuth and Springer. The anal opening in Genneocrinus is 
much nearer the periphery than deseribed and from a mere opening through 
the vault, is really, when well preserved, on a wart-like protuberance. There is 


also a large central node on the dome, corresponding to the spiniferous node on 


Te ee a 


INDIANA PALAZZONTOLOGY. $02. 


Aorocrinus. The only differences of much note are the inflated character of 
the dorsal cup in Genneocrinus, the flat ventral disk, greater number of arms, 
less extended basal rim and surface ornamentation. 


DOLATOCRIN GS: “Spr 


Pirate 382—Fies. 10, 11, 12. 


This little Dolatocrinus has but four arm groups, the place of the fifth 
looking like ananal interradius. The base is flat anda slight rim surrounds the 
column. The radial plates possess strong nodes, connected by a strong ridge. 


F The large interradials have each a strong central node from which radiate 
eight or more ridges. 
The body is constricted below the arm bases. 
> ~~» => 


There are nine arms, arranged as follows, 3, 2, 2, 2. 


The ventral disk is convex and the ornamentation is numerous short radi- 
ating lines and granule-like tubercles. 


The anal opening is medium in size. : 


From the Upper Devonian beds, near Charlestown, Ind., and in the collec- 
tion of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


MEGISTOCRINUS RUGOSUS, var. Spinuliferus, N. var. (Rowley) 


Pirate 32. Fries. 1s, 34,. 15: 


A specimen of this variety is figured in Wachsmnth and Springer’s great 
work on the Crinoidea Camerata as the young of J. rugosus. Our type has 
all the appearance of an adult form. It has an almost central proboscis, elon- 
gate tubercles or spines on the vault, greatly nodose calyx plates above the 
first radials, fiat basal and first radial plates, these latter forming a flat area, 
hardly concave, even at the stem base. 

The vault spines are along the ambulacral ridges and on the proboscis 
{ventral tube). 

There are sixteen arm openings and apparently two respiratory pores to 
the arm. 

The specimen figured is from the Upper Devonian beds, near Charlestown, 
Ind., and now in the collection of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


DO LAT O'ORLN US AS. 2 RAPES... OF. &-G., Rowley, 


PEATE O82.) JHIGS) 216% aie Ss 


A rather deep funnel occupies the base of this fossil, to the centers of the 
first radials, bounded above by a pentagonal rim formed by strong ridges, con- 
necting the central tubercles of the first radial plates. 


103. CON TRIBUTION -TO 


The radial nodes are connected by a strong rounded ridge, forking on the 
third radial. 


The first interradials are not larger than the first radials, convex, and 
with a strong central node from which radiate to adjoining plates six to eight 
ridges. 

The second interradial has a tuberculose node. 

The ventral disk is contracted and with no ornamentation preserved, the 
plates however, being a little convex. | 

The base of the proboscis is strong and nearly central. There are but ten 
arms, two to the ray. 


The anal interradial on this specimen, has a stronger node on the second 
interradial plate, than on the same plate in the other interradial areas. 


There are two respiratory pores to the arm group or ten in all. 
This fossil is scarcely wider than long. 
Miller'and Gurley’s type of this species had eleven arms. 


Horizon, locality and collection same as the last. 


MEGISTOCRINUS EXPANSUS, var. Magniventrus, 
N. var. (Rowley). | 


PLATE, 32> Eres. 19, 20; 21, 


The general appearance of this fossil is like an overgrown Aorocrinus par- 
vus, such as we sometimes find in the Burlington limestone. 


The region of the arm bases presents the greatest width of the fossil. 


The arm openings are directed obliquely upward. The ventral disk is tu- 
mid at the center, apparently smooth, with two or three hardly outlined nodes. 


There are sixteen arm bases, 4, 2, 4, 2, 4. 
The plates of the calyx are a little depressed. 


The base is almost flat and beyond this area the calyx rapidly expands to 
the spreading arm bases, giving the appearance of a broad pan. 


The respiratory pores are very small. 
The ornamentation of the calyx is wavy radiate lines. 


Horizon, locality and collection same as the last. 


STEPHANOCRINUS, DEFORMIS, N: Sp. (Rowley). 


PuatE 32. Fies. 22, 28. 


This is the most elongate form of the genus we have yet seen. It is deep, 
obconical and with a trigonal base. Column small, round. 


INDIANA PALASONTOLOGY. 104. 


The plate sutures can not be made out on the specimen owing to the crys- 
talline character of the test. The interradial processes are strong and project 
obliquely upward, but are not entire. 

The ventral star formed by the radial grooves is shown in the illustration. 

The anal opening and spiracular canals pierce the processes as seen in 
figure 23. 

From the Niagara group on Big Creek, near Big Creek P. O., Jefferson 
County, Ind. Collection of G. K. Greene. 


STEPHANOCRINUS GEMMIFORMIS, Hall, Rowley. 


Puiate 32. Fies. 24, 25. 


Unlike most of the other species of this genus, gemmiformis is subglobose 
and mimics Pisocrinus. ; 


The three basal plates are broad and so are the radials. The interradial 
processes are short. . 


The plate ornamentation seems to be fine, radiate lines. The radial grooves 
remind one of the ambulacra of blastoids. 


The stem base is almost minute. 
From the Niagara group at Waldron, Indiana. Collection of G. K. Greene. 


STEPHANOCRINUS OSGOODENSIS, Miller, Rowley. 


PraTE 32. Fies. 26, 27. 


This is almost an ellipsoid in outline. The interradial processes are di- 
rected upward. The plate outlines are obliterated by the cystalline structure. 

The base is triangular and the columnar sear, round. The radial depres- 
sions and central pit are well shown in the drawing. 

Found by Mr. John Hammell of Madison, Ind., in the Niagara group, on 
Big Creek, near Big Creek P. O., Jefferson County, Indiana. Now in the col- 
lection of G. K. Greene. 


STEPHANOCRINUS, HAMMELLI, Miller, Rowley. 


Piate 32. Fies. 28, 29, 30. 


This form is rounded with a handle-like base. 
The interradial processes are apparenly short. 
The ornamentation is fine longitudinal lines. 


105. CONE RSL yRTON: © 


The basal plates are fully half the height of the fossil. 

The five radials are of equal size in perfect bodies. 

The ventral opening is small and perfectly round. 

The radial depressions are broad and the anal opening jis rather small. 
Found by Mr. John Hammell of Madison, Indiana. 


Horizon, locality and collection, same as the last, 


STEPHANOCRINUS QUINQUEPARTITUS, N.Sp., (Rowley) 


PriatE 32. Figs. 31, 32, 38. 


This pretty little crinoid has a triangular base. 
The place for the attachment of the small column is a little excavated. 


The basals are three and hardly of equal size and about half the height of 
the body to the base of the interradial processes. 


These latter are directed almost straight upward and absolutely perfect in 
the specimen figured. 


The anal process is shorter than the rest and is pierced above by the anal 
opening. 

There is an apparent minute perforation in the top of each of the other 
processes. 


The central opening and radial grooves are covered, but the nature of the 
plates can not be made out by the aid of a hand glass. 


The general form of the entire body is obconical. 
Found by Mr. John Hammell, of Madison, Indiana. 


Horizon, locality and collection, same as the last. 


GENNAOCRINUS COMPTUS, N. Sp., (Rowley.) 


Prate: 38, Pies, 1; 2) -38: 


This beautiful crinoid has a slightly inflated dorsal cup, strongly lobed 
arm-base-groups and low convex ventral disk with a stout, short central spine. 

The three basal plates form a low expansion, broken at the inter-suture 
lines by distinct clefts. As insome other species of this genus, the cross ridge- 
like elevations or central nodes of the first radial plates are more conspicuous 
than the basal nodes, while the reverse is the case in the associated species of 
Aorocrinus with their greatly developed unbroken basal rim. 


INDIANA PALAZONTOLOGY. 106. 


The central radial ridge is low and rounded, but becomes more prominent 
above, forking on the axillary plates till it reaches the bases of the free arms. 


Two of the first,radials are heptagonal and three are hexagonal, all a little 
wider than long. All of the secund radials are hexagonal and a little wider 
than long, hardly smaller than the first radials. The third radials are pen- 
tagonal, axillary, a little wider than long and smaller than the second radial 
plates. The first and only plate of the secondary radial series is axillary while 
the inner one only of the third radial series is bifurcating, giving rise to six 
arm bases to each brachial lobe or thirty free arms to the specimen, the char- 
acteristic number, apparently, of the genus. 

The first anal interradial plate is in the ring of the first radial plates and 
heptagonal in outline, supporting above three hardly smaller hexagonal plates, 
the latter in turn, supporting upon their upper edges five smaller plates. 

The plates above can not be made out. 

The first or lower plate in the four regular interradial areas is heptagonal 
and little less in size than the second radial but is of equal length and breadth. 

This plate supports above, three smaller plates and above the latter are 
three still smaller plates. 

Each interradial plate has a hardly perceptible central node from which 
radiate low ridges in groups of threes and twos, terminating on the radials near 
the central radial’ridge. Parallel with the radial ridge and on either side of it 
is a low rounded supplementary ridge. 

The column occupies about one half of the width of the basal cup and has 
an apparently rounded central perforation. 

The arm lobes are constricted where they leave the body and have a broad 
paddle-like expression. 

The thirty arm openings are directed slightly upward and, on each lobe, 
are separated into two groups, by a cleft, of three openings each, a slighter 
cleft separating the outer one from the inner two bases. 

The ambulacral ridges are not very strong from the base of the arm lobes 
to the center, having at the fork a low, inconspicuous node. The ventral plates 
in general are hardly convex. 

The anal opening is small and located about half way from the central 
spine to the periphery. : 

This species differs from Genneocrinus kentuckiensis in having a less in- 
flated dorsal cup, very much stronger first radial nodes, less defined radiating 
lines of ornamentation, stronger arm-base lobes, smooth ventral plates against 
acutely nodose plates in the former, and in the possession of a central spine, 
apparently absent in the former. 

From G. facetus it differs in its larger size, stronger ventral convexity, 


107. COMER TSO TION LO 


Smooth instead of nodose ventral plates, stronger central spine and shorter am- 
bulacral spines, and less strong dorsal ornamentation. 


From Upper Devonian beds, near Charlestown, Ind. Collection of Mr. G. 
K. Greene. 


GiNNAOCRINUS SCULPTUS, N. Sp. Rowley.) 


Prare 83: Fires; 4, 5,6: 


In this fine species the length and width of the dorsal plates are about equal 
and the first and second radials and the first interradials are about of the same 
size. In the interradial to the right of the azygous area there are but two 
plates in the second series, three in the third and four in the fourth. In the 
other series there are three above the first and four in the third. The three 
basal plates form a very low tripartite rim while the first radial nodes are 
sharply elevated and produced outward. 


The mid-radial ridge is low and sharp to the middle of the third radial 
where it becomes stronger, and rounded. 

The plate ornamentation is low, sharp, radiating ridges. 

The ventral disk is low, almost flat, covered by small, slightly convex 
plates. There are no ambulacral ridges inside of the arm lobes. The latter 
are rounded, not constricted below and less prominent than on the preceding 
species. 


The ventral spaces between the arm lobes are depressed and there are short 
spines over the groups of arm bases, with probably a low one at the dome-center. 
All the plates on the ambulacra are inclined to be tuberculous. 


The specimen is broken-in about the anal opening. 


Unlike the preceding species, this form has a very greatly inflated dorsal 
cup anda slight constriction at the periphery and much stronger ornamentation. 

Like G. comptus and G. facetus, it has thirty arm bases, while G. ken- 
tuckiensis has forty according to Wachsmuth and Springer. 


Locality, horizon and collection, same as the last. 


GENNAZOCRINUS COMPTUS, Var. Spiniferus, N. Var. (Rowley. ) 


PRATER OS. “HiGkar nh, Soo Os 


This fossil agrees well with G. comptus in general outlines, character of 
ornamentation, paddle-shaped arm-base lobes; smooth, flat ventral plates and 
central spine and in having thirty arms and excentric anus. 


INDIANA PALAZONTOLOGY. _ . 108. 


It differs in the possession of five ambulacral spines quite as strong as the 
central dome spine and a more convex ventral disk. The dorsal cup is very 
little deeper and slightly more inflated, while the ambulacral ridges on the 
ventral disk are a little better pronounced, the whole tegmen having somewhat 
the appearance of a low, broad pentagonal pyramid. The central spine is di- 
rected a little backward and the five ambalacral spines slightly outward. 


Herizon, collection and locality same as the last. 


GENNZOCRINUS KENTUCKIENSIS? Shumard? Rowley. 


Prats. 33°) res. 10, Ah, 


This specimen seems to agree quite well with the species to which it is 
above referred, save that it has but thirty arms, while Wachsmuth and Springer 
state that Shumard’s species has forty. We suspect the authors were in error 
as to the number. 


This is the largest form we have yet seen. The dorsal cup is moderately 
inflated and the basal plates form a low tripartite rim, but the first radials want 
the strong node so conspicuous on the other species described in this series of 
papers. The radial ridge is less strong, but the radiating lines from the plate 
centers are sharply defined and numerous. The plates of the upper part of the 
anal interrdius are provided with short spine-like central nodes, while all of 
the ambulacral plates are similarly surmounted, giving the ventral disk a de- 
cidedly burr-like aspect. The interambulacral plates are less spinose and 
those around the anal opening are hardly more than smooth. There is no cen- 
tral spine, and from the eondition of preservation of the specimen, the presence 
or absence of a strong spine at the ambulacral fork is a matter of conjecture. 
The ventral disk is hardly convex and the arm lobes are quite strong. 


Upper Devonian beds, Falls of the Ohio. Collection of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


AOROCRINUS CASSEDAYI, Lyon, Rowley. 


Pirate 33. Fies. 18, 14, 15. 


The specimen before us seems to be the form figured by Wachsmuth and 
Springer in the Revision of the Palocrinoidea as A. casseday/, differing from 
the usual form in its greater width of body and almost flat ventral disk. 


Upper Devonian, near Charlestown, Ind. Collection of G. K. Greene. 


109. CON TRIBULITION 720 


DOLATOCRINUS PULCHELLUS, M.&G., Rowley. 


PrAte ss: “Pies: 16.17.18 


This little crinoid seems to be the form described by Miller and Gurley as 
D. pulchellus, but agrees quite as well with D. aspratilis, having one less arm- 
base, however. 

Each radial and the first interradial plate have strong central spine-like 
nodes and the few radiating lines are strong. That part of the dorsal surface 
as far outward from the stem as the middle of the first radials is a smooth pen- 
tagonal figure for the most part a wide funnel-shaped area. There seems to be 
but one interradial above the first plate of that area. 

Horizon, locality and collection, same as the last. 


There is little doubtin the author’s mind that D. bulbaceus, D. pulchellus, 
D. argutus and D. aspratilis of M. & G. are one and the same species, despite 
an extra arm-base in one and the slight variations in sculpture. 


‘. 

“a 
« 
+ 


INDIANA PALAZONTOLOGY. — 110. 


HELIOPHYLLUM MIRUM, N. Sp. 


PEAtTeE-34.) Bies;. 1,'2; 


Corallum simple, turbinate, straight or curved. Attenuate at the base of 
attachment, rapidly expanding in diameter to the calix. Exterior 
with gentle undulations and wrinkles, caused by intermittent growth. Length 
of corallum on anterior side eighty millimeters; on the posterior side twenty- 
five millimeters. Calix oblique and broadly campanulate, fifty millimeters in 
diameter. Depth fifteen millimeters. A flat space in the bottom of the calix 
occupied by the tabule, fifteen millimeters in diameter. Number of lamelle 
one hundred and fifty in the circumference of a calix fifty millimeters in diame- 
ter, alternating in length, unequal in size at the margin, the short ones con- 
tinue for ten or fifteen millimeters, and coalesce with the longer ones, or disap- 
pear, the longer ones are slightly elevated, sharp, and gradually slope to the 
flat space in the bottom of the calix, and abruptly terminate. Fossette conspic- 
tlous, consists of a deep groove commencing at the margin of the flat space in 
the bottom of the calix, and continuing to the anterior margin. Denticulations 
obscure, due to the weathered condition of the corallum, but in well preserved 
examples they are elevated and sharp, and about one millimeter apart. 


Found in the Upper Devonian (Hamilton group) two miles north-west of 
* ys s hd uw 
(Charlestown, Indiana. Now in the collection of the author. 


HELLOPHY LLUM Dis PANS OOM, No Sp: 


PEATE JOS.) -RiGSeo. 


Corallum simple, turbinate, straight or curved. Attenuate at the base of 
attachment, rapidly expanding in diameter to the calix. Exterior 
surface with annulations and wrinkles caused by intermittent growth. Length 
of corallum seventy millimeters on the anterior side, thirty-five millimeters on 
the posterior side. Calix broadly campanulate, forty-five millimeters in diame- 
ter. Depth fifteen millimeters. A flat space in the bottom of the calix, oceu- 
pied by the tabule, fifteen millimeters in diameter. Number of lamelle, one 
hundred and fifty, in the circumference of a calix forty-five millimeters in di- 
ameter, alternating in length, equal in size at the margin, gradually sloping to 
the flat space in the bottom of the calix, where the short ones terminate, the 
Jonger ones continuing to the center, twisting, and slightly elevated. Fossette 
conspicuous, consists of a deep grodve commencing at the bottom of the calix. 
and continuing to the anterior margin. Denticulations on preserved portions of 
the lamellew well defined, much finer than in the former species. 


Found in the Upper Devonian (Hamilton group) two miles north-west of 
Charlestown, Indiana. Now in the collection of the author. 


Le CONTRIBE ION FO 


Helo r ey bt UM OR Of bw oN. Sp: 


PLate 34. Fies. 5, 6. 


Corallum simple, turbinate, straight or curved, Attenuate at the base of 
attachment, rapidly expanding’ in diameter to the calix. Length of corallum 
on the side of the longest curvature, seventy-five millimeters; length on the pos- 
terior side, thirty-five millimeters. Exterior with undulations and wrinkles, 
‘aused by intermittent growth.  Calix broadly ecampanulate, forty-five milli- 
meters in diameter. <A flat space in the bottom of the calix, occupied by the 
tabulie, fifteen millimeters in diameter. Number of lamellae, one hundred and 
thirty-six, in the circumference of a calix forty-five millimeters in diameter, al- 
ternating in length, subequal at the margin, gradually sloping to the flat space 
in the bottom of the calix, where the short ones terminate, the longer ones con- 
tinue, coalescing and fasciculating and is slightly elevated in the center of the 
ealix. Fossette conspicuous, consists of a deep groove at the bottom of the ca- 
lix, and continues to the anterior margin.  Denticulations rather obscure, 
though in protected places they are more pronounced. 

Found in the Upper Devonian (Hamilton group) two miles north-west of 
Charlestown, Indiana. Now in the collection of the author. 


ZA Re Nh: OWL Bil RT os ON. Ss 


PrArr ad. 8i6s, 7,8, 9) 108). 


Corallum simple, turbinate, straight or regularly curved, usually with a 
broad sear at the base of attachment, while some examples are acute at the 
point of attachment. Height from thirty to sixty millimeters, varying in dif- 
ferent individuals. Gradually, or at times, rapidly increasing in diameter to. 
the calix. Exterior with rough, rounded annulations, and wrinkles. Longitudinal 
strive coarse, distinct, six in the space of five millimeters. Calix usually slightly 
oblique, twenty to thirty millimeters in diameter. Depth ten to twenty milli- 
meters. Situated in the center of the calix, is an oblique concave space, occu- 
pied by the tabulwe, from five to ten miliimeters in diameter. Number of la- 
mellwe, ninety-six in the circumference of a calix, twenty-five millimeters in di- 
ameter, sharp, and unequal in size at the margin, alternating below, the short 
ones scarcely more than rudimentary; the longer ones gradually slope to the 
smooth, oblique space in the bottom of the calix, and abruptly terminate, leav- 
ing a smooth, oblique, concave space, in the bottom of the calix, from five to 
ten millimeters in diameter. Fossette rather obscure; when visible it is situated 
on the side of the longest curvature of the coral, 


a 


TA DAN Pe AON OG i 2: 


The specific name is in honor of Mr. George Weber, of Louisville, Ken- 
tucky. 

Found in the Middle Devonian (Upper Helderberg group) at the Falls of 
the Ohio. Now in the collection of the author. 


So RACE OP Ose” PHL LES ERE AT AS oN. Sp: 


PEATE ote Gees 


Corallum romose, composed of irregular sized cylindrical stems, varying 
from ten to fifteen millimeters in diameter, varying in different examples. 
Tubes rounded, unequal in size, from one half to two and one half millimeters 
in diameter, opening oblique to the surface, with expanded margins. The in- 


ner portion of the tubes are beautifully striated with longitudinal grooves. 


oa 
oa 
pores round, rather large, situated in the grooves. 

The large sized stems, and the unequal size tubes, and the tubes opening ob- 
lique, with wide spreading margins, makes this easily recognized from all 
other species. 

Found in the Middle Devonian (Upper Helderberg group) at the Falls of 
the Ohio. Now in the collection of the author. 


DOLATOCRINUS? EXCAYV AT US.” var. Incarinatus> new ‘var 
(Rowley). 


WEAR Eso Le Soe Wa tee 


The dorsal cup of this crinoid is low, flattened below the first radials of 
the second series, and with a dep basal funnel. The body is broadest where 
the flattening begins and a little contracted just below the arm bases. The ven- 
tral disk is high for Dolatocrinus, being low conical. 

The basal plates, as usual, are hidden by the top stem joints, lying at the 
bottom of an excavation as deep as the long first radials, and as high as 
the arm bases. 

The stem is of moderate size and with a medium sized five lobed columnar 
canal. : 

The first radials are six and seven sided, much longer than wide. The 
second radials are nearly twice as wide as long and, as usual, four-sided. The 
third or axillary radials are broader than long and five-sided. Each upper 
sloping side of this latter plate supports four plates of the second radial series, 
all broader than long, and the first being larger than the axillary plate, itself. 


The first interradial plate is longer than broad, ten sided, and supports 


113. CONTRI BUR ION, LO 


above two smaller plates which rest below two still smaller pieces. Above 
these and between the arm lobes are four or five elongate small plates. 

The plates of the ventral disk are slightly convex, and the anal opening or 
base of anal tube, is nearly central and rather strong. The ventral portion of 
the fossil is badly weathered, and surface features may be obliterated. 


There are ten large arm bases (two to the group). Lobes not distinct. 
From six to seven slits pierce the plates between the arm groups, just at the 
periphery, and from four to five between the arm bases of the same group. 

The dorsal cup of the specimen is beautifully preserved and, unlike 
either D. marshi or D. ereavatus has no keeled radial ridge, the entire 
surface being ornamented by numerous, low sharp lines radiating from the 
centers of all the plates and with short, connecting ridges, giving a delicate 
pitted or reticulate appearance to the test, with but the merest indication of a 
radial ridge. The dorsal plates are wholly without central nodes. 

The great height of the ventral disk of this form and the non-keeled char- 
acter of the radial rays separate it from J). excavatus, which Wachsmuth and 
Springer describe as strongly keeled and with a depressed ventral side. 

The handsome specimen figured is from the middle Devonian, Thompson’s 
Bend, on Silver Creek, Clark county, Indiana, and belongs to the collection of 
MiG, K. Greene. 


POLA TOCRIN US=P BR NODOSTS,~ NeSp. (Rowley.) 


PLATE 8D), -ErG8.-4,;5;-6. 


The dorsal cup of this fine crinoid is coneave below the first interradial 
plates, broadly but much less deeply than in the preceding species. The out- 
line of the pentagonal basal disk is seen at the bottom of the broad, shallow 
concavity. The first radials are about as wide as long and convex, with low, 
sharp ridges radiating from the center to the centers of adjoining plates. The 
second and third radials are much wider than long and strongly convex or no- 
dose. Asin the first radials, sharp radiating lines pass to adjacent plates. 
The first plates of the second series of radials are each axillary and quite as 
large as the radial plates below them. strongly convex and giving rise to sharp 
radiating ridges. Each plate of the third series supports above two plates,. 
making three times four plates to the third radial series. 

The first interradial plate is the largest plate in the body, as wide as long, 
strongly tumid with radiating ridges from the center to the centers of neigh- 
boring plates. Above the first interradial is a large, tumid second interradial 
above which is a smaller plate supporting above two still smaller plates. All of 
the dorsal platesare strongly tumid and with sharp radiating lines from center te 


center of adjoining plates, 


INDIANA PALASONTOLOGY. 114, 


The body is broadest near the region of the second interradials and slightly 
eontracted below the arm bases. 

One radial ray has four plates in the first series. 

There are four slits between the arm lobes and two between individual 
arms. The arm formula is 3, 4, 3, 4, 3, or 17 in all. 

The anal tube is nearly central but not strong. 

The pilates of the ventral side are nearly flat, grooved at the sutures and 
ornamented with low, granular like nodes. 

Compare with 2D. amp/lus, M. & G., a twenty armed species. 

From the Upper Devonian (Hamilton group) near Charlestown, Ind. Col- 
lection of Mr. G. K. (rreene. 


CALCEOCRIN ES .GRANULIFE RUS; N; Sp. (Rowley...) 


PLATE Sot, | PIGS ..1. 8,9: 


Body subquadrate, broadest below. The basal plate seems to be made up 
of three anchylosed pieces, the whole triangular and more than twice as wide as 
long, grooved along the entire upper edge. Scar for attachment of column 
hardly round, excavated. 

Lower dorsal plate broadly triangular, more than twice as broad as long 
and deeply grooved along its lower edge. Upper dorsal plate triangular, three 
times as broad as long and grooved along the front of the upper edge. 

The dorso lateral plates are longer than wide, and constricted a little at 
the middle of the outer edge, 

All of the plates are somewhat convex and depressed, almost grooved, 
along the sutures. 


Surface ornamentation granular. 
Arms and column unknown. 


Knobstone group, Button Knobs, near Louisville, Ky. Collection of Mr. 
G. K. Greene. 


Our species belongs to the division of Calceocrinus, called Deltacrinus by 
Mr. E. O. Ulrich, and should this latter name hold ina full generic sense, our 
species would become De/taucrinus granuliterus. 


PLATYCRINUS DEVONICUS, N.Sp., (Rowley). 


PEATE So. Bigs, 10, h1< 


The base ox/y of this fossil is known, but its characters are quite markad 


$15. BON TR BE IONS FO 


enough to deserve a name, coming from a horizon that has yielded little of 
such material. 

The base is pentagonal and quite large, forming a low cup or bowl. 

A row of more or less coalescing nodes passes from the stem base to each 
angle of the pentagon and within the five triangles thus formed, four rows of 
coalescing nodes run parallel to the baso-radial sutures (sides of the pentagon). 
The nodes are strong and sharp. There is a break in the test at the base so 
that the stem cicatrix can not be determined as to shape and depth. 

Middle Devonian, Falis of the Ohio. Collection of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


PENTREMITES OBESUS, Lyon, Rowley. 


PESTER oh. HIGSs t.. oe, 


‘The specimen represented on our plate by figures 1, 2, 8, though somewhat 
inferior in size to Lyon’s type specimen, is a fine individual, and preserved in 
such a way that every plate suture can be readily made out. 

It ditters from the drawings in the old Kentucky report, mainly in the 
shape of the body above the ambulacral tips, where the greatest width occurs, 
thus giving little curvature to the lateral outline. 

Below the ambulacral tips the body has less height, and the lateral bound- 
ing lines curve inward instead of being straigbt as in the specimen with which 
we are making the comparison. 

The chief characters of P. obesus seem to be its great size, rather strongly 
convex base, strongly lobed character of the fork pieces, the deeply sunken 
ambulacra, themselves trough-shaped; the great height of the bounding edges 
of the fork and deltoid pieces above the ambulacra, and the high, acute upper 
points of the deltoids, extending much above the ventral surface. ‘The del- 
toids themselves are rather large and separated below from the fork pieces by 
curved sutures. The central opening (uncovered ventral region) is small, and 
the four spiracles and anal opening are but medium in size. A long triangular 
depression with the radio-deltoid suture as a base, has its vertical angle below 
the middle of the radial edge, bounding the ambulacrum. The two of these 
triangles in an interambulacral space, together with the deltoid at their bases, 
form a slightly depressed inverted v-shaped area. This character is common 
to many blastoids and not confined to the genus Pentremites. In Lophoblastus 
/nopinatus it is sometimes so strong as to give rise to a spine-like elevation in 
the fork pieces at the union of the radial and radio-interradial sutures. 

ihe edges of the fork pieces bounding the ambulacra are often irregular, 
fluted or thrown into folds and depressions, giving rise to spine-like processes 
asin Dr. Hambach’s species /?. sp/nosus, and doubtless to the nodosities in 


INDIANA PALAJONTOLOGY. 116. 


P. nodosus. See our figures 4, 5, 6, for the tendency toward extravagance in 
this kind of development. ‘Thus a variation in surface feature reaching ex- 
travagance in development and becoming permanent, assumes a character of 
specific importance. 

The diameter of a column of avery large P. ohesuws is about three-six- 
teenths of an inch, judging from the columnar scar on the basal plates. 

The side pieces, pores and lancet plates will not be discussed in this con- 
nection. 

The surface ornamentation is, doubtless fine lines, parallel with the plate 
sutures as in other species of the genus, but the character of the surface pre- 
servation in our specimen is not such as to show this. 

The specimen, figures 1, 2, 3, is from the Kaskaskia Limestone of Grayson 
Springs, Ky., and was kindly presented to Mr. G. K. Greene by Dr. John E. 
Younglove, of Bowling Green, Ky. 

‘ 


PENTREMITES SULCATUS? Roemer, Rowley. 


PLATE 362.2. HIGS—5: 


The specimens figured are fragments of large Pentremites, exhibiting 
many of the characters of P. obesus, but disagreeing in the less convexity of 
the base, approaching more nearly to P. sulcatus in this particular. 

Figure 4 1s a view of the visceral cavity, by the removal of one of the fork 
pieces and the half of another adjoining. 

The interambulacral space is seen to be traversed longitudinally by two 
folds that are received into a lunular pocket above, and the thickening of the 
substance of the test below the middle of the body and the union of the sides of 
opposite folds form deep pits beneath the ambulacra, to their distal ends, 
along the lateral margins of the ambulacra may be seen the lines of pores. 


The proportionate thickness of the test is also shown. 

Figure 5 shows the great depth of the ambulacral suleus and the fluted 
and folded character of the radial edges bounding the sulcus. 

Both specimens are from the Kaskaskia Limestone of Big Clifty, Hardin 
county, Ky., and were collected by Mr. Charles Very, of New Albany, Ind. 
They now belong to the cabinet of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


PENTREMITES CHEROKEUS? Troost, Rowley. 


Prann 36. EG. 6: 


Following Hall’s description and figure in the old Iowa Report, we refer 


Ly CONTRIBUTION, TO 


this form to P. cherokeus, but not without some doubt, however, as to the 
validity of the species. 

There seem to be few differences of no importance, between P. cherokeus 
and P. sulcatus. if Hall and others have correctly identified them. There isa 
larger form than either from Tennessee, and said to occur in the St. Louis Lime- 
stone, which may, after all, be the form originally referred to P. cherokeus by 
Troost. ; 

The specimen under consideration has a strongly convex base, with an 
almost straight edge from the distal end of the ambulacrum to the columnar 
base. The deltoid is less than one-fourth as long as the ambulacrum, and pro- 
jects upward into a spine-like process. The ambulacra form broad troughs, 
bordered by the rather deep, sharp edges of the fork pieces, the latter being 
crimped as mentioned in the description of P. obesus. The ambulacral fields 
form strong folds below, or the body is strongly five-lobed ‘at the ambulacral 
tips. 

The central ventral opening is a small five-pointed star. The spiracles are 
almost round, while the anal opening is somewhat elliptical. 


mL va 
Siti 


Collected from the Kaskaskia Limestone at Clifty Station, Grayson 
county, Ky. Collection of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


PENTREMITES CHESTERENSIS, Hambach, Rowley. 


PLATE 36... Pies.. 7,.:8,..9,. 1O=11. 


‘The specimen figures 7 and $ differs in some minor details from Dr. Ham- 
bach’s description of the type, the basal portion of the body to the lower ends 
of the ambulacra being proportionally much greater indepth in our specimen, 
the basal cup itself being deeper, and that part of the fork piece below the tip 
of the ambulacrum sloping strongly toward the basal cup instead of being 
nearly horizontal as in P. chesterensis. 

The ambulacra are rather medium in width, nearly flat, and but little 
below the interambulacral surface. 


The entire specimen has a somewhat double conical shape, the interambu- 
lucral fields being nearly flat and the greatest width of body being at the distal 
ends of the ambulacra, 

The deltoids area little more than one-third of the length of the ambulacra, 
but their proximal ends do not extend quite to the summit, while in 2. chester- 
ens/s they extend above. 

The test is rather thin. No surface ornamentation is visible on our speci- 
men, 


| 


LNDIANA PALASONTOLOGY. 1S8. 


Horizon: Kaskaskia Limestone. Locality: Big Clifty, Hardin county, Ky. 
Collector: Charles Very, of New Albany, Ind. Collection of G. K. Greene. 

The specimen, figures 9, 10, 11, also differs somewhat from typical P. 
chesterensis, the inter-ambulacral spaces forming shallow troughs, thus giving 
a lobed appearance to the body. In fact, the whole specimen to the distal ends 
of the ambulacra has a strongly P. godous look and could be easily referred to 
that species were it not for the protuberant base. 

To the basal plates, the body is sub-ellipsoidal, instead of conieal in P. 
chesterensis. The deltoids are more than a third as long as the ambulacra, but 
do not project above the ventral surface. The ambulacra are nearly flat, mod- 
erately wide and but little sunken beneath the bounding radial lips. 

The openings on the ventral side are medium in size. 

Surface ornamentation unknown. 

Horizon: Kaskaskia Limestone. Locality: five miles northwest of Bowling 
Green, Ky. Collection of G. K. Greene. 


PENTREMITES ROBUSTUS, Lyon, Rowley. 


PEATE:36° .. Bic. 12. 


Our specimen differs little from Lyon's type. except in size. The basal 
plates form a low conical cup and the line from the top of the basal cup to the 
distal end of the ambulacrum is a little oblique. © The inter-ambulacral spaces 
form troughs and so throw the ambulacra into lobes. The fork pieces are 
hardly more than half the bedy length while the deltoids are more than a third 
the ambulacral length, but do not extend upward to the spiracles. The ambu- 
lacra are rather wide, almost flat, and but little below the bounding edges of the 
radials and deltoids. Here again we have a specimen strongly like P. godon? 
above the ambulacral ends. 

From the Kaskaskia Limestone of Newman’s Ridge, East Tennessee. Col- 
lection of G. K. Greene. 

The various species of the genius Pentremites may be referred to a few 
simple groups of closely related forms, P. chesterensis, P. rohustus P. hemi- 
sphericus falling in naturally with P. godon;, while P. symmetricus. P. ele- 
gans, P. calycinus, and perhaps P. clavatus, range themselves with P. pyri- 
formis. 

The sulcatus group would include P. obesus, P. cherokeus. P. sulcatus, 
Prangularis, P. spinosus, P. broadheads and P. basilaris. P. conoideus, 
P. koninekanus and P. henedicti would form a group of kindred species. 

Pentremites burlingtonens/s and P. elongatus have attinities with both 
the godoni and conoideus groups. 


119. COMT RIB WTO 2h @ 


The P. cereinus group seems to connect the P. suléatus and P. godoni 
series and embraces P. cervinus and P. nodosus. 

Pentremites altus seems to belong to the Pyr/torm7s group, while P. gem- 
mitorméis is perhaps a synonym of P. calyecinus. 


P. abbreviatus is hardly distinet from P. godoni. 

Of P. globosus, P. missouriensis and P. troost? little seems to be known, 
while other species as P. truncatus, P. subconoideus, P. longicostalis and P. 
decussatus probably do not belong to the genus. 


P. laterniftormis is the internal cast of some large species of Pentremites. 


PENT RESIDES: Sp; 


IPEARE SOL ebtes woe 


We are unable to refer this form to any species with which we are ac- 
quainted, It evidently belongs to the P. pyr/formis type, and, although it bears 
a superficial resemblance to P. angularis, it cannot be placed there as that 
is within the realm,of the suleatus group. We hardly care to found a species 
on the evidence of one fossil but should future research prove the constancy of 
these characters in other specimens, we would suggest the name Pentremites 
SPEClOSUS. 

The body is doubly conical, the part below the distal ends of the ambulacra 
being much deeper than the part above. 

The large basal plates-form a strong conical cup and are quite one third of 
the body in height. The radial pieces are but little more than half the entire 
body height. The deltoids are quite one third the ambulacral length but do 
not quite reach the summit. The ambulacra are of moderate width, almost flat, 
lying but little below the bounding radial and interradial edges and less than 
half the body in length. 

The inter-ambulacral spaces are flat and the outline boundary from the am- 
bulacral tip to the stem base is an oblique line, almost straight. The ventral 
or top surface is quite broad, spiracles round and but little smaller than the 
anal opening and the uncovered central space is a small, symmetrical, five 
pointed star, 

The number of pore pieces on one side of an ambulacrum is about thirty- 
five, or seventy to the whole area. 

The column was quite strong. 

On account of the poorly preserved character of the surface nothing can be 
determined as to the external ornamentation. 

From the Kaskaskia group of Crittenden county, Kentucky, and the collec- 
tion of G. K. Greene. 


«fi 
* 
: 
= 
uf 
¥ 


INDIANA PALZONTOLOGY. 120. 


PENTREMITES PYRIFORMIS, Sey, Rowley. 


Prater 86. Fie. 14. 


The specimen figured is the largest we have yet seen and is not a typical 
example. The greatest width is at the ambulacral ends, at the middle of the 
length. The body is doubly conical. Inter-ambulacral areas flat. Ambulacra 
quite flat and but slightly sunken below the bounding plates and rather narrow. 


Deltoids but little more than one-fourth the ambulacral length and not 
reaching the summit. The basal plates are one-fourth the entire body length, 
forming an inverted cone. The fork pieces are more than half the body length. 
The ventral area is much contracted. Spiracles and anal opening small. 


Greatest length of the specimen, one and a half inches: greatest width, one 
inch. 


From the Kaskaskia group of Crittenden county, Kentucky, Collection of 
Mr. G. K. Greene. 


PENTREMITES PYRIFORMIS, Say, Rowley. 


PEATE 586s. FIG. 15. 


Figure 15 is a side view of a very elongate young example in which the 
depth of the basal cup is more than one-third of the body length. The lower 
half of the basal cup is a.slender neck formed by the consolidation or anchylosis 
of stem joints. Vhe radial plates are long, while the deltoids are minute and do 
not nearly reach the summit. The ambulacra are broad and sunken below the 
bounding plate edges. Body slightly lobed. 

Kaskaskia group, Wolf Creek, Breckinridge county, Kentucky. Collection 
of G. K. Greene. 


PENTREMITES PY RIFORMIS, Say; Rowley. 


Pirate 36. Fies. 16, 17. 


The specimen here figured is normal as to the five ambulacra, but one of the 
inter-ambulacral spaces is pushed out above, forming a strong central ridge, 
occupied by an elongate five-sided extra plate. Below the ambulacral ends the 
Specimen is again normal. This extra plate is a sixth radial. 

The ventral surface is somewhat worn, showing the double character of the 
spiracles. 


Horizon: Kaskaskia group. Locality; Five miles northwest of Bowling 
Green, Ky. Mr. G. K. Greene’s collection. 


{21, CONTRIBUTION TO 


PENTREMITES GODONI, De France, Rowley. 


Prate 86. Fres. 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24,25. 


Figure 18 exhibits the worn ventral surface of a very flat specimen, per 
haps Dr. Hambach’s P. ahbrev/atus. The spiracles that usually reach the sur- 
face as four rounded openings are here shown to be eight paired holes. In well 
preserved (perfect) specimens where the spiracular openings are free of rock 
material, the knife-blade-like partition wall may be seen just within the spira- 
cle, separating it into two canals. The least weathering develops both canals 
as is shown in the figure. 

Figure 19 is an end view of an abnormal specimen in which the fifth ambu- 
laerum is wanting, its place being occupied by an elongate, protuberant plate of 
radial length, a single broad deltoid filling the space above. There are three 
spiracles, and a rather large anal opening opposite the abortive fifth ambulac- 
rum. 

Another specimen in our hands, larger, but of like abnormity, has a simple 
spiracle, not unlike the other two, opposite the wanting ambuiacrum, the anal] 
opening of usual size opposite a normal deltoid plate. 

Kaskaskia group, near Bowling Green, Ky. Collection of Mr. G. K. 
Greene. 

Figure 20 is a small Godoni with ambulacra of different lengths, due to an 
injury and subsequent growth. 

The specimen is considerably flattened on one side, where the ambulacrum 
is much less than half the length of the two normal ones and of less width. The 
two adjacent ambulacra are also shortened and somewhat distorted. 

Figure 21 isa specimen quite normal in outline but having one ambulac- 
rum doubled two-thirds of the distance up from its distal extremity; rather, 
having a ridge inserted along the lancet plate as in the illustration. This ridge 
is ribbed along its sides as ambulacral areas are and pierced along the top by 
pores, showing plainly the doubled character of the ambulacrum. 


Specimens with a ridge the entire length of the ambulacrum are occasion- 
ally found and the presence of the ridge can be explained by supposing two 
ambulacra to be contiguous (an abnormity) and the later tendency of the blas- 
toid in growth to become normal, pushing the two fields into the space of one, 
by doubling upward the inner halves of each field into a longitudinal elevation. 
For an illustration see figure 387. 

Both 20 and 21 are from the Kaskaskia group, of Bowling Green, Ky., and 
the property of G. K. Greene. 

Figure 22 is a basal view of-a specimen, normal in the relative widths of the 
ambulacral and inter-ambulacral fields, but with one of the latter filled by an 


INDIANA PALASONTOLOGY. 122. 


extra plate pushed into a ridge and forming a spine-like process between the 
distal ends of two ambulacra. From the ambulacral tips to the base of the col- 
umn, the specimen is normal. This inter-ambulacral plate is a sixth fork piece, 
having an indistinct rounded longitudinal prominence down its center instead 
of anambulacrum. Above this inserted radial is but one deltoid, being scarcely 
wider than the other four but not quite so concave. 

This specimen is from the Kaskaskia group, of Breckinridge county, Ken- 
tucky. 

Figures 23 and 24 are side and summit views of two internal casts of 
P. godoni. 

The longitudinal slender ridges on either side of a broader ridge are the 
casts of the hydrospire sacks, the broader ridge being a cast of the open space 
just beneath the lancet plate and formed by the median hydrospire folds. 

Notice the great similarity between the ventral view of this cast of Pentre- 
mites and a like view of the test of a Codaster. The resemblance is striking, 
the ditference being mainly in the greater number of the slits in an ambulacral 
field of the latter. Breaks in the fields of the specimens before us show the 
depths of the folds. 

The same and other features may be seen in the natural casts of the visceral 
cavity of Schizoblastus say/ and Orhitremites norwood, 

These two specimens (Figs. 23 and 24) are from the Kaskaskia group of 
Kentucky, and the property of G. K. Greene. 

Figure 25 is a side view of a specimen from which two ambulacra and the 
inter-ambulacral plates have been removed, showing the cast of the visceral cav- 
ity. Along the edges of the fork and deltoid pieces may be seen the pores that 
communicate with the hydrospires beneath. The relative thickness of the 
various parts of the test is also shown. 


From the Kaskaskia group, of Bowling Green, Ky. 


PENTREMITES GODONI, De France, Rowley. 


Pirate 36. Fics. 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36. 


Figure 26 is a view of the inner surface of a fragment showing two groups 
of hydrospires. As is usual in this species there are eight tubes to the group. 

The shape of a series is in a general way like that of the ambulacrum, 
broadest at the top of the fork pieces. The tip is received below into a pocket 
so that the full length is not seen in the illustration. The relative thickness 
of the test is also exhibited. 

Figure 27 is a side view of a specimen, preserving the pinules in the left 
half of one ambulacrum, the right half of the same and parts of two other am- 


/ 


123. CON TRIBUELGNe £O 


bulacra being covered by pinule joints. From the condition of preservation, 
little else can be made out by the use of an erdinary hand lense, nothing in fact 
as to the manner of attachment to the pore pieces. 


Figure 28 is a:view where the top has been ground off, down to the point of 
greatest width of the ambulacra, hardly half the length of the deltoids. The 
hydrospire folds and the pores are exhibited, as well as the shape of the laneet 
piece in cross section. One ambulacrum has been removed. 


The specimen figure 29 has been ground down about the same depth but 
is better preserved internally and shows well the groups of hydrospires, the am- 
bulacral pores and the lancet canal. 


If there is a closed under-lancet canal it can not be made out in this speci- 
men unless tlie walls of the inner hydrospire sacks of a paired group are in con- 
tact which does not appear to be the case. The lancet tube appears as a minute 
dot and smaller than in Orh/tremites norwood? where the writer first learned of 
its presence. In breaking Burlington cherts for casts of this latter species, af- 
ter removing the beautiful mold of the visceral cavity, delicate curved rods 
were seen free in the cavity in the matrix, broken away from the east by the jar 
of the hammer. Delicate as these acicular rods are, occasionally they remain 
in place on the fossil. 


Figure 80 isan enlarged view of a paired group of bydrospires as they lie be. 
neath the ambulacrum. The inner, adjacent folds are separated too far in pieture. 

Kaskaskia group, Breckenridge county Kentucky. 

Figures 31 and 82 are different views of a specimen whose ventral surface 
is covered by a pyramid, the character of which is rather obscure. 

This much can be said of it with certainty that it is a five lobed elevation, 
the lobes facing the deltoid plates and covering the spiracles and presumably 
the anal opening, but an apparent injury occurs at that particular place and the 
opening itself is seen but filled by what appears to be the collapsed lobe of the 
pyramid. Between the bases of the lobes the ambulacral grooves enter the pyr- 
amid as tunnels, but at one of these re-entrant angles a low roofing over the 
groove passes a short distance down the ambulacrum, the edges of it being seen 
further down where the roof itself has been broken in, 

Kaskaskia group, near Bowling Green, Ky. 

Figures 38, 34 and 35 are different views of a specimen in which the pyra- 
mid has been mostly broken away but showing well the inner character of the 
structure. It seems to be a two-story affair, or in other words, a double cover- 
ing, the inner or lower one, rather flat and of sufficient area to overspread the 
central stellate opening and pass outward down the middle of the ambulacrum 
as a slender low roof over the ambulacral groove. The outer or upper covering is a 
five lobed pyramidal structure surrounding the spiracles and, doubtless, the 


INDIANA PAPA ONTOROGY 2 oie 


anal opening, closing in above the lower covering. Both the outer and inner 
integuments are very delicate structures, thin as the thinnest sheet of writing 
paper. Atthe re-entrant angles are inner knife-edge-like strengthening, up- 
right partitions that may or may not extend to the center, separating the inner 
continuation of the spiracles. Thus the pyramid seems to covera stellate space 
of five radiating tunnels, extensions of the spiracles and anal opening. Whether 
they unite at the center, can not be definitely determined, neither can it be 
learned whether there is any communication between this chamber and the out- 
side or any perforations through the lower integument. The direct communica- 
tion between the visceral cavity and the outside by means of the tunnels leading 
to the ambulacral grooves can be plainly seen. 


The outside surface of the pyramid shows evidences, apparently, of being 
made up of small plates, but we can not say positively. When one takes into 
consideration the great difficulty even in tracing the sutures of the radials and 
deltoids in we]! preserved, silicified Pentremites from the Kaskaskia Limestone, 
there is no wonder that the structure of these delicate ventral integuments 
should eseape him. 


Why the spiracles or the anal opening or both should be cut otf from exter- 
nal communication is not apparent, but if it isso, as appears almost certain, we 
should accept the fact whether it is consistent with our conclusions as to the 
‘‘eternal fitness’’ of things or not. Too, our conclusions may be based on erro- 
neous reasoning, after all. Again, that specimens preserving these ventral cov- 
erings should be so scaree is not at a'l surprising taking into account their very 
delicate character. In-a score of years collecting from the Burlington Lime- 
stone here at Louisiana,during which time several hundred specimens of Dicho- 
crinus have passed through our hands, we have yet the first one to find with the 
ventral covering intact, despite the fact it has been seen and figured, time and 
again. Should we reason from ou; experience we could assert that the ventral 
side of Dichocrinus Is never closed by a disk of covering plates and yet we 
would be in error. 


Strange as it may seem, in the very same locality where a perfect body of 
Dichocrinus has never yet been found, a very large per cent of the specimens of 
Schizoblastus say/ preserve the delicate ventral covering and, in this connec- 
tion, we may say it is unlike that of Peuntremstes godon/ in that it is not 
double, corresponding to the inner roofing in that species and yet covering the 
spiracles, but never the anal opening so far as we have been able to see in the 
study of dozens of well preserved specimens. 


In a single beautifully preserved individual of Orophocrinus stellitorm/s 
from the same place, the narrow rounded ridges of minute plates that cover the 
ambulacral grooves, extend some distance down four of the ambulacra and to 
the very distal end of the fifth. 


125. CON TRIBE) Ons to 


The specimen numbered 38, 34 and 85 is from the Kaskaskia Limestone, 
near Bowling Green, Ky. 

The structure over the ventral side of figure 36 can not well be determined. 
It has the appearance of aggregate pinules but may be something wholly for- 
eign to the fossil. At any rate, enveloped in this mass, above one ambulacrum, 
may be seen a part of the outer pyramidal ventral covering, the sutures of whose 
minute plates at its base may be plainly seen. 


Locality: Bowling Green, Ky., Kaskaskia group. 


PIN Ree Maa SG OD ONS “De. France, “Rowley: 


PLate 36; Fies, 375 38: 


Side and ventral views of a four sided specimen in which two ambulacra 
have been crowded into the space of one, the contiguous halves of the two being 
pushed up into a ridge. 

The fossil Jias but four radials, four deltoids, three spiracles and the anal 
opening, the latter being above the deltoid to the left of the abnormal ambulac- 
rum. 


From the Kaskaskia group, near Bowling Green, Ky. 


RM NGOREM EE ES. CADDY CLN US: \byon, skewley. 


PuLaTE 36. Fies. 39, 40.° 


In general outline neither of our specimens agrees well with Lyon’s figure 
of the type nor yet with Dr. Hambach’s drawings of Calycinus. There is little 
doubt of the identity, however. The basil plates form alow cup with a rounded 
handle-like base. The fork pieces are more than half the length of the body, 
while the deltoids are hardly more than a fourth the length of the ambulacra 
and do not extend to the summit. 


The inter-ambulacral spaces are but little depressed, while the ambulacra 
are broad and slightly trough shaped, and lying but little below the bounding 
edges of the radial and deltoids. ‘The spiracles are round, as is also the anal 
opening. 

All our specimens are badly weathered. 

The general aspect of the fossil is much like that of P. pyr/formis, but 
less in length and more robust than the young of that species. 


The specimens figured are from the Kaskaskia Limestone of Clifty: 
Station, Hardin county, Ky. 


ee ae Sa ee 


ee 


RON eet ee 


(ee 


INDIANA PALAJONTOLOGY. 126. 


PENTREMITES CONOIDEUS, Hall, Rowley. 


Prare 3640. bicsoctle 42-43 4s. 


Figure 41 is a specimen with five radial plates, but only four ambulacra, 
the fifth radial being somewhat shorter than the rest, narrower and merely 
creased down the middle, where the ambulacrum should be. There seems to 
be but one deltoid above this abnormal fork piece and that too, is creased in 
like manner and has the outline of a double piece. 

The abortive radial is directly opposite the anal opening. 

The summit openings are but four. 

Figure 42 is a ventral view of another so-called four-sided specimen, dif- 
fering in no wise from the above specimen except that the anal opening is 
directly above the crease in the double deltoid. 

Figure 43 is a deformed specimen in which two of the ambulacra are little 
more than half the length of the other three. 

Figure 44 is a side view of a much smaller, normal specimen with some 
stein joints attached to the base. 

The chief character of P. cono/deus are the cone shape of the body, the 
strongly lobed character of the ambulacral region, the narrowness and convex- 
ity of the ambulacra themse!ves, the relatively long deltoids that do not reach 
the summit. The large, mature specimens usually have a flat base, but smaller 
examples often have the base quite convex, approachiug in this particular, 
P. koninckanus, which Etheridge and Carpenter make a variety of the former. 

Warsaw limestone, Lanesville, Ind. 


PENTREMITES KONINCKANUS, Hall, Rowley. 


PEATE sobs) Doha: 


Our figure is of anelegant little specimen, preserving some of the stem 
joints in place. 

The main differences between this and ?. eono/deus is in the propor- 
tionate length of the ambulacra, which in hon/nckanus are not more than half 
the length of the body, while in adult P. eonoideus they are full body length. 
In narrowness and convexity of the ambulacra the two species agree. In 
koninckanus the bounding edges of the fork pieces and deltoids are more 
sharply outlined above the ambulacra. As in rono/denvs the body is strongly 
lobed. The anchylosis of the basal stem joints in these little blastoids explains 
well the presence of the so-called Aasa/ plates of Lyon. There is yet a better 
illustration of that in Orophocrinus stellitormis. 

‘The specimen illustrated (Fig. 45) is from the Warsaw limestone of Lanes- 
ville, Ind. 


127. COUN TREN 1) 


CARPENTEROBLASTUS VERYI, N. Sp. (Rowley). 


Pate 36... Pies. 16; 47, 48: 


The three basal plates form a shallow cup or low inverted frustum of a 
cone. The fork pieces are about three-fourths of the body height, ‘The del- 
toids are nearly a fourth of an inch long on the type specimen, but confined most- 
ly to the flattened summit. The ventral region is considerably sunken as in all 
the known species of this genus. ; 

The spiracles are apparently minute, while the anal opening is cf average 
size and with the tip of the deltoid a little swollen above it. The ambulacra 
are very narrow and somewhat below the bounding edges of the radial and 
deltoids. . 


The radial lips with the inclosed ambulacrum form a rather steep ridge 
that assumes considerable elevation at the distal end of the ambulacrum so that 
a basal view of the blastoid is very noticeably stellate, recalling Orophocrinus. 
The inter-ambulacral area is almost flat from ambulacral ridge to ambulacral 
ridge. The distal end of the ambulacrum droops below the inferior surface of 
the radial, and the outline from that point to the stem base is an incurved are. 
The plate sutures are so strong as to appear to be grooved. 

The stem base is quite large. 

No surface ornamentation is preserved since the specimens are silicified. 

Length of the larger of the two specimens and the one figured, one-half an 
inch, width eleven-sixteenths. 

This species differs from C. maguibasis in its’ strong, stellate outiine, 
greater elevation of the ambulacral ridges, nearly flat inter-ambulacral spaces, 
greater size of the deltoids and the shape of thedorsal side. In C. magnibasis 
the lower portion of the radials and the basal plates form a low rounded con- 
vexity, while in (’. very/ the basal plates alone enter into the formation of a 
low inverted frustum of a cone. (. very/ bears a stronger resemblance to the 
cast of the visceral cavity of C. magnibasis than it does to the real fossil, 
in the projection of the distal ends of the ambulacra, it approaches somewhat 
(. stella but is a much larger species. In fact it is largerthan C. magnibasis. 

The finding of this fossil in Kentucky and the probability that its horizon 
is Keokuk, are very interesting pieces of information. Carpenteroblastus 
has not been found beyond the limits of northeast Missouri till the present 
specimens came to light, and not beyond the limit of the basal one foot of the 
upper Burlington limestone. 

The specific name is in honor of the collector, Mr. Charles Very, of New 
Albany, Ind. 


From the supposed horizon of the Keokuk it was collected, on the top of a 


tat ade va a hoe 4 


wptt 


% 


yA api: 


oy 
i- 


INDIANA -PALAZLONTOLOGY, 128. 


hill seven miles north of Burksville, on the Burksville and Columbia Road, Cum- 
berland county, Kentucky. Collection of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


ME TABLAS TES NLD LUsS, Mud Ge Rowley: 


Prate (sb; Bie. 49: 


This little blastoid is elongate and narrowing but little toward the base 
where an end view is strongly triangular. 

The ambulacra are deeply sunken between the radial lips, very narrow and 
less than one-third the length of the body. 

The deltoids are not visible on a side view. 

If this fossil were found at Boonville, Mo., it would be the young of JW. 
wortheni. 

Warsaw Limestone, Lanesville, Ind. Collection of G. K. Greene. 


CODAS TIER ATTEN UA EUS., Lyon; Rowley: 


PEeate.o0. PIGS. Uso. 


We give summit and side views, respectively, of a deformed specimen: one 
in which the fifth ambulacrum is wanting. The ventral portion of the fossil is 
not well preserved. the slit areas having been removed. 


Middle Devonian, Columbus, Ohio. 


NUCLEOGOCRINUS VERN EPIL, Troost, Rowley. 


, Pirate 36. Fies. 59, 53, 54, 55, 56. 


Figure 52 is a summit view of a specimen showing the roof of ventral plates 
whose surface is finely papulose. The relative position and relation of the spir- 
acles and anal opening and the passage of the ambulacral grooves under the 
ventral disk, as tunnels, are shown in the figure. 

Figure 53 is a side view of a smaller specimen in which the anal plate is 
greatly produced beyond the normal shape of the body, especially near the sum- 
mit. 

The specimen, also, has the mid ventral area covered by a low roof of small 
papulose plates. 

Figure 54 is a side view of a specimen in which the covering of a ventral 


surface is shown at ‘‘@’’ the entrance of the ambulacral groove under the 


$29, GOWN aL Dee. 2G) 


ventral roof asa tunnel. It wili be observed that Nucleocrinus has a ventral 
disk as in Schizoblastus but wanting the outer pyramid of Pentremites. 

Figure 55 is a ventral view of a melon-shaped specimen, whose ambulacra 
traverse low, canoe-shaped elevations and stand out beyond the surface of those 
areas. 

The surface ornamentation is beautifully preserved and the ventral cover- 
ing plates in place. 

This specimen varies enough from the typical WV verneusli to be considered 
specifically distinct, if its characters were constant ina series of specimens; 
but the gradual passage of typical rerveusl into this form through intermedi- 
ate varieties can be traced in a series of Nucleocrinus from the Falls. Our 
specimen may be identical with Barris’ V. melon/tormis. 

Figure 56 is an enlarged view of a group of hydrospires beneath an ambu- 
lacrum. The characteristic number is four. The side plates and the lancet 
plate are outlined just over the hydrospires, while parts of two inter-ambulacral 
areas are shown. 

All of these specimens of iV. verneuili are from the Middle Devonian beds 
at the Falls of the Ohio. 


NUCLEOCRINUS GREENEI, M.&G. Rowley. 


PAD 5G: elie, ie 


We give here an inverted basal view of a specimen to show the slightly 
elevated basal cup. : 

Upper Devonian beds near Charlestown, Ind. 

All specimens figured on the accompanying plate belong to the collection 
ai BNR Khe Greene. 


INDIANA PALZONTOLOGY. 130. 


MiG TE LUN TA WAR DT. No Sp: 


Prate 372 Fics. 1,-2.3: 


Corallum composite. somewhat thin, often attaining a diameter of seven or 
eight inches, and a thickness from one to two inches, or slightly more. Exam- 
ples are occasionally found somewhat convex, or discoid, or sub-hemispherical. 
With diverging prostrate tubes, intimately connected by their epithecal walls, 
forming a strong, wrinkled epithecal crust, on the under basal side. Tubes 
rounded-polygonal from two to three millimeters in diameter. In examples 
with rounded tubes they become free a short distance from the margin; the 


- free ends have numerous fine but conspicuous annular rings, and numerous fine 


longitudinal striz; many of the tubes are contracted at the ends, giving to the 
corallum the appearance of a syringopora. Examples with tubes joining in 
polygonal outline, have dilated orifices. Pores moderately small, not numer- 
ous, dispersed without any system of regularity. Tabule flat, concave, or ob- 
lique, very numerous and closely arranged. Lineal furrows fine, and numerous, 
not so strongly pronounced as in other forms of Michelinia. 


The specific name is in honor of Prof. Henry A. Ward, the well known eol- 
lector and Paleontologist, of Rochester, New York. 


Found in the Upper Devonian (Hamiiton group) in the strippings above 
the cement beds, throughout Clark county, Indiana. Now in the collection of 
the author. 


CHONOPHYLLUM PYGMZUM, N. Sp. 


IPEATE ZS (se BIG a4. 


_Corallum smal], simple, turbinate, straight or regularly curved. Acute at 
the base of attachment. Height thirty-five millimeters, Calix shallow, twenty- 
five millimeters in diameter. Depth ten millimeters. Number of lamelle, one 
hundred, in the circumference of a calix twenty-five millimeters in diameter, 
thin and equal in size at the margin, alternating below, the short ones about 
five millimeters long, the longer ones continue to the center of the calix. coalese- 
ing, and intimately touching those from the opposite side, and abruptly termi- 
nate. A portion of the exterior has a thin, smooth, epithecal crust, with num- 
erous wrinkles and sharp constrictions, giving to the corallum the appearance 
of a series of thin invaginated cups. No fossette. 


Found in the Lower Devonian (Corniferous group) at the Falls of the Ohio. 
Now in the collection of the author. 


at CONTRIBUTION TO 


Zid kt hl Nae oS PRS NACE LS. Ne op, 


PEATESO 1s. PEGS: 05 O76: 


Corallum simple, turbinate, straight or regularly curved. Acute, or witha 
broad sear at the base cf attachment. Gradually expanding in diameter to the 
calix. Height varying in different individuals, from seventy-five to one hun- 
dred millimeters. Calix, funnel shaped, from twenty-five to forty-five millime- 
ters in diameter. Depth forty-five millimeters. | Number of lamella, eighty- 
four in the circumference of a calix, twenty-five millimeters in diameter, une- 
quel in size, and very sharp at the margin, alternating below, the short ones 
scarcely more than rudimentary, the Jonger ones abruptly slope to within two or 
three millimeters of the center, two, three, or more of them coalescing, and 
gradually terminate, leaving a depressed couvex space in the bottom of the ca- 
jix, from four to six millimeters in diameter. There are three fossettes, the 
principal one is situated on the anterior side of the corallum, and consists of 
a deep depression, commencing at the margin of the depressed convex space in 
the bottom of the calix, but gradually disappears a short distance from the 
bottom, but its continuation is marked by one principal lamelle continuing to 
the anterior margin. The two lateral fossettes are situated on the sides at 
right angles to the principal fossette; neither of these extend to the margin of 
the calix. 


Found in the Lower Devonian (Corniferous group) Falls of the Ohio. Now 
in the collection of the authcr. 


SERA TOPO RA’ BE LIGLS TR IAT Ay Ny Sp. 


RPiAtE ot NIGL St 


Striatopora bellistriata see ConrriBUTION TO INDIANA PALXONTOLOGY, Part 12, 
Page 112, Plate xxxti¥, Fig. 12, July 18, 1908, for description and explanation. 


MESO ORIN US. RWG OSU.S8:,- Ti dC. “Rowley, 


PATE B52 hiGsyal, 243400 OF 


The fine specimen figured, land 2 differs in some features from Lyon & Cassedy’s 
type, but the differences are of no great importance. The region of the basals 
and first radials is hardly coneave. ‘The column covers most of the basal ring 
of plates, occupying a hardly perceptible concavity, the uncovered portion of 
the basal plates appearing as a low ring-like elevation. The columnar canal] 
is quite large and round. Kach of the first radials is granulose and very 
slightly concave about the center. The next ring of plates (second radials and 
first interradials) are quite convex and rendered very rugose by sharp ridges. 


Lota PA ALCON LOLOG yy. 132. 


The plates of the next ring above are still more sharply convex and hardly 
less rough. The succeeding rows of plates are more tuburcular and strongly 
defined. 

The plates of the ventral disk are smal], convex and somewhat rugose with 
irregular distributed larger spinose plates. There are sixteen arm bases. 


The specimen, represented by figures 3 and 4, has a more convex base and 
the basal, first radial and the greater part of the next ring of plates are flat and 
granular. ‘The next ring of plates, however, are very convex and strongly ru- 
gose. All other dorsal plates are quite nodose, almost spinose. The plates of 
the ventral disk are nodose and rugose, but there are apparently no strong spi- 
nose plates as in the preceding specimen. The concentric or irregular arrange- 
ment of the granular ornamentation of the basal region of these fossils is of no 
consequence and the confinement of it to the basal and first radials or the invas- 
- jon of the second radials and first interradials is of no significance whatever be- 
yond growth or development. 

Figure 5 represents a form where-in the basals, first radials, and three of 
the first interradials (save a single strong node) and portions of several second 
radials are ornamented by irregular granular lines. The plates above are con- 
vex and crossed by strong radiating ridges. The plate ornamentation on this 
specimen is very strong and the basal region (basal plates, first radials and 
part of the second radials) is concave, but not deeply so. 

Specimen figure 6 is quite concave in the basal region and the granulo- 
linear ornamentation of the flat basals, first radials and parts of the next ring 
of plates above is concentric in arrangement. The rest of the dorsal plates are 
convex and with very strong radiate ridges or strongly nodose, as the smaller 
upper plates. 

Figure 11 is a smaller and younger individual in which the ornamentation 
of the basals, first radials and parts of the ring of plates above appears to be 
numerous intersecting granular ridges giving the surface a pitted appearance. 
The center of each of these plates is a low, indistinet elevation. The rest of 
the dorsal plates are strongly nodose, the third radials, however, being invaded 
by illy defined radiating ridges. 

All these specimens come from the Upper Devonian beds at the Falls of the 
Ohio and are the property of Mr. G. K. Greene, of New Albany, Ind. 


DOLATOCRINUS ARROSUS? M.&G., Rowley. 


Pirate 38. Fies. 9, 10. 


The body of this little crinoid is basket shaped with a flat basal region, 
strong nodes on the first, second and third radial plates and the first interradial ; 


133, CONTRIBUTION TO 


with low radiating ridges about the nodes, nineteen arm bases and tubercular 
ventral plates. 


The width of the body is about once and a half the depth. 

The ventral tube is smal] and tuberculous about the base. 

The worn condition of the specimen precludes further description. It dif- 
fers from 2). arrosus in the possession of three more arm bases, but its close 
resemblance otherwise does not warrant its specific separation. 


Upper Devonian beds, near Charlestown, Ind. Collection of Mr. G. K. 
Greene. 


Sb EMA ATO CRENDU S35 MER YT oe Nesp: (Rowley ) 


PLATE SS. Rigs. 4i. 0), 


Body hemispherical.’ Plates very thick and heavy asin Barycrinus. The 
underbasals form a solid pentagonal disk. not flat as in Prof. Trautschold’s 
species, but decidedly convex. 


Owing tothe worn condition of our type specimen, the columnar scar is 
obliterated but the small pentagonal ? canal is present surrounded by a narrow 
ring of silicious material as if the deposition of calcareous matter about a mi- 
nute stem had incorporated it in the plate substance. 

The basals are large and pentagonal, two of them being somewhat larger 
than the other three. The upper angle of one af these two larger plates extends 
somewhat higher than that of the other. 

The tirst radials are nearly twice as broad as long, pentagonal and with a 
concave articular facet quite the full width of the plate and directed upward. 
This is contrary to the straight articulating line of S. cernuus. 

The plates are apparently smooth. ‘There is no anal plate. 

The only other described species of this genus is from the Subcarboniferous 
of Russia. 

Our species comes from the Subcarboniferous (probably Keokuk group) of 
Cumberland county, Kentucky, and was found by Mr. Charles Very, of New 
Albany, Ind. 

The specifi: name is for the discoverer. 

In the great thickness of the plates, concave articular facets of the primary 
radials and the convex basal region, our species differs from Stemmatocrinus 
and in the same respects even more so from KErisocrinus a genus with hexagonal 
basal plates. 

The type is in the collection of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


INDIANA PALAJONTOLOGY. 134, 


DOLATOCRINUS FUNGIFERUS, N.Sp._ (Rowley) 


PuiaTte 39. Fies. 1, 2, 8. 


The body of this crinoid is depressed, being nearly twice as wide as long. 
The basal plates occupy the sides and bottom of a funnel, with a bounding 
circular rim above. 


The columnar canal is pentalobate where it pierces the bottom of the 
funnel. 

The first and second radials form a flattened zone, the former being hexago- 
nal and broader than long: the latter, quadrangular and nearly twice as wide 
as long. 

The third radials are pentagonal and wider than long. 

The first plates of the second radial series are axillary and support on each 
upper sloping side a series of about three plates. 

The first interradial is apparently nine sided and the-largest plate in the 
body. 

Above this, there is one more plate in the anal interradius of the dorsal side. 

There is rather a strong node in the center of each dorsal plate and those 
of the radial series are connected by a ridge. From these nodes radiate in all 
directions nodular lines, fully twenty of which arise from the first interradial 
tubercle.- 

There are nineteen arm bases, one ray having but three. 

The ventral side is ornamented by very small granular prominences and 
large mushroom-shaped tubercles, unlike the ornamentation of any other species 
of Dolatocrinus with which we are acquainted. 

There are two respiratory pores to each arm base. 

The anal opening is moderately large and slightly excentric. 

This elegant crinoid is from_the Middle Devonian, Falls of the Ohio, and 
the type is the property of Mr. G. K. Greene. Compare with JD. greene?, 
M. & G. 


DOT AON RDN EES an Bae AVOCA TG Ge Mate ne Rowley. 
PLATE 39 Fie. 4. 


The specimen, only a part of the dorsal cup, is most beautifully pre- 
‘served. 

The basal funnel is quite deep and the radial ridges, although quite sharp 
‘are prominent only on the first radial plates, decreasing upward and reaching 
the arm bases as mere lines. 


136: CONE EGHE Lens 260) 


The plate sutures are beveled and every plate outline can be seen at a. 
glance. 
There are no central. nodes on the interradials but fifty or sixty sharp radi-. 
ating lines pass from the center of the first interradial to the adjoining plates.. 
Similar sharp lines also leave the center of the other calyx plates. 


Middle Devonian, Falls of the Ohio. Collection of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


MEGISTOCRINUS OPPELTI, N.Sp., (Rowley) 


PLAC Oe ORIG. Ds 


The type specimen preserves only a part of the calyx but it is so different. 
from all other described species that we feel warranted in giving it a specific 
name. 

The basal plates form a convex hexagon. ‘The central area occupied by 
the column is broken through in the specimen here described. 

The first radials are large, and hexagonal, the length and width being equal.. 

The second radials are likewise hexagonal and with equal dimensions. 

The third radial is heptagonal and axillary, supporting on each upper 
sloping side a somewhat smaller plate. 

The first anal plate is in the first radial ring and of about the same size as. 
these plates. 

Higher plates of the anal area can not be determined. 

The first interradials are nearly as large as the first radials, of equal length 
and width, hexagonal. 

In the second line of interradials are two quite large plates resting on the 
first interradial, one is six and the other seven sided, the length and breadth 
being equal. 

Above these two plates are four hexagonal plates, much smaller. Higher 
plates are not present in the specimen. | 

The ventral disk is unknown, also the number of arms. 

Each plate is convex with a spinous ventral node from which radiate to ad- 
jacent plates, numerous strong raised lines. The convexity of the plates make 
the plate sutures very plain. 

The ornamentation of this species is so different from all other species that. 
a comparison is not at all possible. 

The specific name is for the finder, Dr. Otto Oppelt, of New Albany, Ind. 


Horizon, locality and collection, same as the last. 


I 


INDIANA: PAL ACON FOLOG  Y. 136. 


DOLATOCRINUS APLATUS,. M.& G:, “Rowley. 


PEATE SY: Piess Oyo, 18. 


The whole of the calyx as far out as the top of the second radials and the 
middle of the first interradials is involved in the deep funnel-shaped basal con- 
cavity. 

The sharp ridges connecting the nodes near the tops of the first radials 
form boundaries for the smooth pentagonal funnel. 

Sharp, distinct ridges pass up through the middle of the radial plates, be- 
coming stronger and more rounded above and slightly keeled at the centers of 
the plates. 

Strong raised lines or ridges radiate outward from the first interradial cen- 
ters with an occasional node between two lines. 

The interradia! plates have no central node but a small bare place not 
reached by the ridges, like a miniature valley among hills or mountains. 

Cross raised lines and nodes occupy the second interradials. 

Strong nodes occur between the branches of the radial ridges. There are 
fifteen arm openings, three to the ray. 

The first radials are hexagonal and involved in the coneavity. 

The second radials are quadrangular while the third are pentagonal. 

Of the first plates of the second series, one is an axillary plate while the 
other supports but one plate above. making three arms to the ray. 

The first interradial plate is nine sided and but little larger than the plate 
above it. 

The ventral disk is about as high as the dorsal cup and with a central pre- 
boscis, forming a low, broad cone with no noticeable depression between the 
arm groups. 

The ventral plates are granular-nodose. 

There are from two to three respiritory slits between each group of arm 
bases and an equal number between each two arm bases in the group, making 
quite forty slits in all. 

The proboscis is small. 

The depth of the basal funnel is about equal to the depth of the dorsal 
cup. 

This beautiful little crinoid is found in the Upper Devonian, near Charles- 
town, Ind., and the figured specimen is in the G. K. Greene collection. 


DOLATOCRINUS SPRINGERI, N.Sp., (Rowley) 


PLaAte-39:.. Fres:9; 10-11; 


The calix is somewhat flat about the basal region, there being no concavity 
save the stem cicatrix. 


roe CONTRIBUTION LO: 


The first radials are hexagonal and broader than Jong. 

The second are quadrangular and wider than long. 

The third are pentagonal and broader than long. 

The first radial of the second series is axillary. 

Two of the rays have one axillary plate in the third series. 

The first interradial is nine sided and a little larger than the first radial. 

The second interradial is smaller than the first. 

The basal plates form a low rim about the column base. 

The body is depressed and somewhat constricted just below the arm bases, 
the latter being stronyly lobed. 

The arm openings are twenty-two, 5, 4, 4, 5, 4. 

The plates of the ventral surface are ornamented, especially in the depres- 
sions between the arm lobes, by granular nodes and by strong spine-like tuber-. 
cles about the central small proboscis and along the ambulacrai ridges. 


The calyx plates have central strong nodes, connected on the radials by a 
low ridge and giving off lines of nodes on the interradials. 


The basal portions of this specimen have been injured and have heat SO: 
represented in the picture. 

The specific name is in honor of Mr. Frank Springer, of Las Vegas, N. M.,. 
one of America’s best workers in Crinoids. 

From the same horizon, locality and collection as the last. 


DOLATOCRINUS- AR EROSUS, Var. Cognatus, N. Var., (Rowley): 


PriatTe 39. Fies. 12, 18, 14. 


There is but little basal flattening. A stem joint is attached to the base. 

The radial plates have central nodes connected by sharp ridges. The first: 
interradial has a central node and a few radiating lines. Similar lines leave 
the radial centers. The plates are of unusual shape and number in the calyx, 
the first radials being hexagonal; the second, quadrangular; the third, pentago- 
nal, while the first interradial is nine sided and supporting above a second but. 
smaller interradial. There are nineteen arm bases. 

The ventral disk is convex and ornamented by spinose tubercles. 

The anal tube is excentric. 

The arm groups form distinct lobes, 

Horizon, locality and collection the same as the last. 

This form may be compared with both D. cwlatus and D. arrosus, spee~ 
ies of sixteen arm bases. 


INDIANA PALAZONTOLOGY. 138. 


ALVEOLITES DISPANSA. N. Sp. 


Priate 40. Fies. 1, 2, 8. 


Corallum below medium size. Thin undose, discoid expansions. Witha 
strong wrinkled epithecal crust on the under basal side. When decorticated 
the prostrate tubes may be seen radiating from a central axis. Orifices ob- 
lique, from one to two millimeters wide, and slightly more in some tubes, and 
one millimeter in height, varying somewhat in different corallums, and 
sometimes in the same example. Pores large, round, in one and two rows, 
situated near the angles of the tubes. Spinulose crest strongly pronounced, 
from two to four rows ina tube. Tabuie flat or oblique, well defined, not very 
much crowded. 


The thin undose expansion, and the strong wrinkled epithecal crust, and 
the broad oblique orifices, will readily distinguish this from all other species in 
the Hamilton group. 


Found in the Upper Devonian (Hamilton group) near Charlestown, and in 
the strippings above the cement rock, throughout Clark county, Indiana. Now 
in the collection of the author. 


ALVEOLITES SUBANGULARIS. N. Sp. 


Pirate 40, Fies. 4, 5, 6. 


Corallum variable in size, from thin undose, discoid expansions, to large 
eonvex or sub-hemispherical masses. With a thin imperfectly developed epith- 
eca on the under side. Orifices opening oblique, from one to one and a half 
millimeters in width, and one millimeter in height, and frequently the width 
and height are the same, giving to the tubes a somewhat angular appearance. 
The spinulose crests are strongly developed in some corallums, appearing as 
small spikes, while in some others they are only faintly indicated, or are en- 
tirely absent. Pores small, round, one and rarely two rows, situated near the 
angles of the tubes. Diaphragms numerous, and closely arranged. 

The sub-angular tubes, and the numerous and closely arranged diaphragms 
will distinguish this from all other species in the Hamilton group. 

Found in the Upper Devonian (Hamilton group) near Charlestown, and 


in the strippings above the cement rock, throughout Clark county, Indiana. 
Now in the collection of the author. 


139, CONTRI BU LIONe tO 


HEDLIOPHAYLLUM “CONVERGE NS.. 


Prare-40. ° Eiesy 8:9, 10, 11, 22,33: 


Aulacophyllum Convergens, Hall. Thirty-fifth annual report of the New York State Mus- 
eum of Natural History, advance sheets, page 22, August, 1882. 


Aulacophyllum Convergens, Hall. Indiana Geological report, page 281, plate 17, figures I 
and 2, 1882. 


Hay’s Description: Corallum simple, broadly sub-turbinate, regularly 
curved. Exterior comparitively smooth with concentric wrinkles and stria- 
tions; longitudinal strice fine, distinct; specimens of the same height have a 
diameter at the calix varying from twenty-five to forty-five millimeters; in one 
example the height is ten millimeters; length of posterior side, twelve milli- 
meters; of anterior side, twenty-five millimeters; diameter of calix, twenty 
millimeters, for a distance of five millimeters from the margin nearly flat, then 
the posterior portion is nearly verticle, the anterior portion concave; fossette 
narrow, deep, extending from the bottom of the calix to the anterior margin; 
lamellee varying from 80 to 120 in number according to the diameter of the ca- 
lix, alternating in size, thin denticulated; convergence of lamell«x to the fos- 
sette very distinct. 


Formation and locality, corniferous limestone. Falls of the Ohio, and 
Clark county, indiana. 


This is misleading, this species is not found in the corniferous group at 
the Falls of the Ohio, but is found in the Upper Devonian (Hamilton group) 
near Charlestown, and in the strippings above the cement rock, throughout. 
Clark county, Indiana. All the specimens illustrated on plate 40 are in my 
collection. 


HELIOPHYLLUM ZENKERI. 


Pirate 40. Fies. 14, 15, 16, 17, 18. 


Cyathophyllum Zenkeri, Billings, Canadian Journal, new series, volume 5, page 262, 1860. 

Cyathophyllum Zenkeri, Nicholson, Paleontology of Ontario, page 76, 1875 

Cyathophyllum Zenkeri, Lambe, Contribution to Canadian Paleuiaioed volume a part 2,. 
plate 12, page 138, 1900. 

Corallum simple, turbinate, regularly curved, with blunt points of attach- 
ment. Height varying in different individuals, from twenty millimeters to four 
inches or slightly more. Calix oval, oblique, broadly bell-shaped, from fifteen 
to fifty millimeters in diameter. Depth from fifteen to twenty-five millimeters... 
Number of lamella, one hundred and thirty, in the circumference of a calix, 


INDIANA PALAONTOLOGY. 140, 


thirty millimeters in diameter, very fine, and equal in size at the margin, alter- 

nating below, the short ones continue to the bottom of the cup, and gradually 
disappear, the longer ones continue to the center of the calix, coalescing with 
the adjacent ones, and terminates, leaving the bottom flat. Fossette consists of 
a deep depression near the center of the ecalix, and continues to the anterior 
margin. Denticulations are very fine, they are not seen in only well preserved 
examples. The exterior is strongly marked with annular lines of growth. 
The epitheca is strong, and comparitively smooth. 


Found in the Upper Devonian (Hamilton group) in the strippings above 
the cement rock, at the different cement quarries throughout Clark county, 
Indiana. The examples illustrated are in my collection. 


DOLATOCRINUS NODULIFERUS, N.Sp., (Rowley) 


PLATE AL Pigs 1.2 3s 


The region of the basal plate is a little concave. 

The upper stem joints fill the funnel with scarcely an appearance of a rim. 

The hexagonal first radials have a strong central wart-like node each ora 
cluster of smaller tubercles. 

The quadrangular second radials have each a strong central node. The 
third radials have either a single node or a clusterof nodes. The higher radials 
thave clusters of tubercles. 

A radial ridge begins at the node on the second radial plate and passes up- 
ward to the arm bases, forking twice. This ridge is not strong. 

The large first interradials have each either a cluster of small tuburcular 
nodes or a large node surrounded by smaller ones. The two or more higher in- 
terradials have groups of nodes. From the centers of two of the first interra- 
dials radiating lines pass.to the sides of adjacent plates. : 


There are apparently stxteen arm bases, one ray being injured. Three to 
the ray except in one, which has four. 


The arm lobes are strong. The anal tube is nearly central and strong. 
The ornamentation of the ventral disk is tubureular nodes, small and sparingly 
scattered over the whole surface. 

The ambulacral ridges or folds are strong. 

The peculiar mixed ornamentation will serve to distingaish this species. 

From the Upper Devonian, near Charlestown, Ind. 

Collection of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


141. CON TRLBWU TION LO 


MEGISTOCRINUS EXPANSUS, Var. Magniventrus? Rowley. 


Prate 47. Fres.4,/5; 6. 


This fine specimen is referred doubtfully to variety magniventrus, differing 
from that form in the slender elongated spines of the ventral disk and fifteen 
arm bases instead of sixteen. 


The ventral tube is at the highest part of the dome, but located latterally. 

The basal and first radial plates form ashallow concavity. The arm bases 
form strong lobes. 

The ambulacral fold or ridge to the left of the anal tube is without a spine, 
all of the other folds possessing one each and with one at the center of the 
vault. 

This specimen is figured mainly to show its spinose character and the ten- 
dency toward ventral spines in these smooth forms. 


It comes from the same horizon, locality and collection as the last specimen. 


DOLATOCRINUS MULTIBRACHIATUS, N. Sp., (Rowley) 


Pruate th. Fre. -7. 


This fine specimen preserves only the dorsal cup and that even is incomplete 
on one side. 


The calyx is greatly depressed, the concave basal area extending beyond 
the third primary radial. ; 

The radial ridges are greatly elevated or keeled on the first radials and 
angular. 

The first, second and third radials are much wider than long. Each plate 
of the second radial series is an axillary plate, so is each of the third and in one 
of the rays or divisions even a fourth series plate is axillary. The whole giv- 
ing rise to eight arm bases to the ray (one has nine), making forty-one arms in- 
all, if the missing part of the dorsal cup was normal. The ventral disk is un- 
known. 

The first interradial plate is large and above it is a second interradial. 

From a hardly noticeable central node on each interradial plate, numerous 
fine raised lines radiate outward to the centers of adjoining plates. 

Similar raised lines radiate outward from the radial plates. 

This species seems to belong to the Excavatus section of Dolatoerinus but. 
may be readily identified by its great number of arm bases. 

The ornamentation of this species is most beautiful. 

Middle Devonian, Falls of the Ohio. 

Collection of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


INDIANA PALEONTOLOGY. 142. 


AOROCRINUS CASSEDAYI, Var. Charlestownensis, Rowley. 


Prate 41. Fries. 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13. 


This variety was figured and described in Part VIII of this publication 
from a detached dorsal cup. As better specimens are now in our hands, we re- 
figure and complete the description. 


The plates of the dorsal cup are strongly convex and present the appear- 
ance of stellate nodes, the sutures being hidden in the deep interspaces. 


The rim formed by the basal plates is less expanded than in A. cassedayi 
and is strongly fluted, whereas it is smooth in Cassedayi. 


The first radial plates being as deep as the basal rim and their nodes almost 
meeting the folds in the rim and the equal depths of the rest of the calyx plates, 
render the rim inconspicuous. 


The plate nodes all have a very crowded look. 


The third primary radials are much smaller than the first and second and 
above them the two radials of the second series and the three of the third are 
prominent and rounded, looking not unlike the pieces of free arms. 


The interradials are one large first, two large second and three small third 
series pieces, the latter lying between the arm lobes. 


The anal plates are one, three, five. Above the anal fold or ridge is smooth 
and further plates can not be made out. 


The anal opening is located latterly and one a distinct fold which extends 
to the central dome spine. 


The plates of the ventral cup are small and quite strongly convex on the 
ambulacral folds, those directly over the pairs of arm bases being spinose. 

There are twenty free arms and the openings are directed upward. 

The central dome spine is strong but short. 

The groups of arm bases are strongly lobed. 


In the drawings of the young specimen, figures 8, 9, 10, the artist has failed 
to show the fluted character of the basal rim. 

The differences between the variety Charlestownensis and the species Cas- 
seday?, herein pointed out, are doubtless enough to separate the two forms spe- 
cifically. Ifso, our crinoid will become Avrocrinus Charlestownensis. 

Upper Devonian beds, near Charlestown, Ind. 

Collection of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


143, : CONT ELE UW TVON. 2 


DOLATOCRINUS WELLERI, N. Sp., (Rowley) 


Pura: Piewl4: 


The ornamentation of this species and its general appearance are much like 
Stereocrinus and from the fact that one of its peeeis rays has but two primary 
radials, the kinship becomes closer. 


The basal funnel is bounded above by a strong rounded ridge or ring. The 
basal flattenning extends out to the center of the second primary radials. - 


The first radials are hexagonal and of equal length and width. 

The second radials are quadrangular and wider than long. 

The third are pentagonal and a little wider than long. 

There are probably two plates above the bifurcation to the arm base. 


The first interradials are nine sided and large. There is apparently but 
onejplate above the first interradial. 


The ornamentation of the dorsal cup is nodes and ridges. 
The radial ridges are broken but strong at the plate centers. 


The interradial plates have small central nodes with six or seyen broken 
radiating ridges. From the centers of the radial plates, short ridges or lines 
of nodes pass out to the plate sutures. 


The ventral disk is unknown. The entire body was probably much com- 
pressed, dorso-ventrically. 


There were probably twenty arms, as there appear to be four to the ray. 

The specific name is for Prof. Stuart Weller, of the Chicago University. 
Upper Devonian, Falls of the Ohio. 

Collection of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


DOVATOCRINUS CURRIET,.- Ni Sp. (Rowley) 


Prave42.-. Pies. 4, .2)3,-45-0)6% 


The width of the calyx is nearly twice the length. 

The basal plates form a deep funnel, nearly half the calyx depth. The 
columnar canal is five lobed. There is no rim about the funnel. There is lit- 
tle difference in the size of the three primary radials and the first secondary ra- 
dial. All are broader than long. Higher radials smaller. 


The first interradial is large and eleven sided, supporting above a six sided 


INDIANA PALAJONTOLOGY. 144. 


plate a little longer than broad. Above this are three very small elongate 
pieces. 


An interrupted ridge crosses the first and second radial plates, being most 
pronounced at the center of each plate and passing up the higher radials as 
a mere central convexity. 


Numerous fine lines radiate from the center of each plate to that of the ad- 
joining plate and by cross connecting lines give a fine pitted appearance to the 
surface, in places, not unlike the ornamentation of D. excavatus, W. & Sp. 


The suture lines are quite distinctly grooved so that no difficulty is exper- 
ienced in tracing the plate outlines. 


The plates of the vault have the same pitted surface ornamentation as the 
ealyx and those along the ambulacral ridges and surrounding the base of the 
anal tube have strong central spine-like nodes. 


There are twenty arm bases, four to the ray. 


This species may be compared with J). excavatus which has but two arm 
bases to the ray and no ventral spines; D. major, W. & Sp., and D. Spinosus, 
M. & G., both smooth species, the latter, however, having twenty arms and 
vault spines. 


The specific name is meant as a compliment to the Rev. H. Currie, of Thed- 
ford, Ontario, an excellent collectorin the Devonian of Canada. 


The type is from the Middle Devonian of the Falls of the Ohio and belongs 
to the collection of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


Figure 3 is apparently of the same species, somewhat larger, with the same 
number of arms but without the ventral disk in place. The basal funnel is 
larger and deeper and the width of the calyx was, probably, greater in propor- 
tion to the depth than in the type specimen. 

Figures 4 and 5are of the same species but with greater depth in proportion to 
the width, stronger ornamentation and deeper grooved suture lines. 

Two of the primary interradials are ten sided; two, eleven sided and one of 
a doubtful number. 

The ornamentation, instead of radiate lines, seems to be pits and short, ever 
changing, fine ridges. 

Figure 6 is a rather robust form in whieh two of the primary interradials 
have ten sides and one, eleven. 


The ornamentation is injured in the weathered condition of the specimen, 
but enough shows to indicate that it does not differ from the above described 
specimens. It has twenty arms. 

The specimens represented by figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, are all from the Mid- 
dle Devonian at the Falls of the Ohio, and are the property of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


145, CON TRIBUEPELION | —O 


DOLATOCRINUS EXCAVATUS? W. & Sp. Rowley. 


PLATS 42- o hte. 7. 


This fossil is referred with some hesitation to Wachsmuth & Springer’s 
species. It probably had ten arms but this can not be certainly determined 
from the condition of the specimen. The basal funnel is large and deep and 
the radial ridges much stronger than in D. currie?. 


The plate ornamentation is closely like that of both D. excavatus and D. 
curriei. On a side view, nothing below the third radial is seen, the plates 
hidden, being involved in a concavity. The plate sutures are channeled. Each 
primary interradia] is probably ten sided. 


Horizon, locality and collection same as the last. 


MEGISTOCRINUS CORNIGER, Rowley. 


Prate.425 * ies: S,, 10, 11,; 12; 


This little crinoid has the shape of M. corniger but apparently smaller 
spines. The base is not so concave and the central dome spine seems to be en- 
tirely wanting. 

The stem base is attached to the dorsal cup. The plate ornamentation can 
not be determined. 


Figures 10, 11, 12 represent a smaller and more depressed specimen, but 
apparently of the same species. The base is a little more concave but no sur- 
face ornamentation can be discerned. 


Both specimens are from the Upper Devonian beds near Charlestown, Ind., 
and in the collection of Mr. G. K. Greene, of New Albany, Ind. 


MEGISTOCRINUS HEMISPHERICUS? M.&G., Rowley. 


——_—— 


PPAR Oe MTG. Oy 


With some doubt we refer this specimen to Miller & Gurley’s species, as it 
differs in some respects from that form, the dorsal cup being less abruptly ele- 
vated and the height being less in proportion to the width. The arm bases 
form quite strong lobes and there is an entire absence of spines on the ventral 
surface. Our specimen has the normal number of arms (16) while M. hemis- 
phericus has but fourteen. 


Horizon, locality and collection same as the last. 


Pee REE RN AMEE NT Pe EEN Pee Con Ca og 


PGE LE 


z 


INDIANA PALASONTOLOGY. 146. 


HELIOPHYLLUM CONGLOMERATOUM, N. Sp. 


Puate 43. Uprer Ficure. 


Corallum composite, globular, or hemispherical. Rapidly increasing by 
ealicular gemmation. Corallites varying from ten to thirty millimeters in diam- 
eter, broadly campanulate, intimately united at their superior margins. Depth 
from ten to fifteen millimeters. A convex space in the bottom of the calix, occu- 
pied by the tabule, from five to ten millimeters in diameter; in some cups the 
tabule is smooth, and flat; in some others, it is slightly elevated in the center 
of the calix. Number of lamelle from eighty to ninety, equal in size and rounded 
at the margin, alternating below, gradually or sometimes rapidly sloping to the 


bottom of the calix where the short ones abruptly terminate, the longer ones 


continue in some cups to within two or three millimeters of the center, and, ab- 
ruptly end, leaving a smooth space, in the center of the calix, from four to six 
millimeters in diameter; in these cups the tabule is usually flat; in the cups 
that have elevated tabule, the long lamelle extends to the center, twisting, into 
a small crest, on the elevated-tabulee. Denticulations moderately large, eight 
in the space of five millimeters. Fossette consists of a slight depression in the 
bottom of the calix, but gradually disappears before reaching the margin of the 
cups. Position variable. 


Found in the Middle Devonian (Upper Helderberg group) at the Falls of 
the Ohio. Now in the collection of the author. 


HELIOPHYLLUM CONGREGATUM, N. Sp 


Priate 43. Lower FIGure. 


Corallum simple or compound, rapidly increasing by calicular gemmation. 
Corailites very much crowded at the margin of the parent cup, separating as 
they increase in height. The free portions are surrounded by a strong, rough 
epithecal crust, occasionally they intimately connect by their epithecal walls. 
Exterior with irregular, strong, rounded annulations, and deep constrictions, 
caused by periodical growth. Varying in height from thirty to forty millime- 
ters. Calix somewhat campanulate, varying in diameter from ten to thirty milli- 
meters. Depth fifteen millimeters, with a flat space in the bottom of the calix, 
occupied by the tabule, from ten to fifteen millimeters wide. Number of la- 
melle sixty to seventy, equal in size at the margin, alternating below, for about 
five millimeters from the margin flat or slightly oval, then gradually or in 
some cups rapidly slope to the bottom of the calix, where the short ones grad- 
ually disappear, the longer ones continue to the center, coalescing, fasciculating, 


147, CONTRIBUTION TO 


and twisting into a false calumella; in some cups the larger lamellw does not 
fasiculate and twist into an elevation, but continues after coalescing to the cen- 
ter of the calix, and gradually disappears, leaving a flat space in the center of 
the cup from six to eight millimeters in diameter. Fossette well defined, it 
consists of a deep depression at the edge of the flat space in the bottom of the 
calix, and extends to the anterior margin. Denticulations not so prominent in 
all the cups, ten in the space of seven millimeters. 


Found in the Middle Devonian (Upper Helderberg group( near Gibson’s 
Station, Clark County, Indiana. Now ix the collection of the author. 


DOLATOCRINUS MULTINODOSUS, N. Sp., (Rowley) 


PuaTe 44. Fies. 1, 2, 3. 


Dorsal cup much broader than long, slightly constricted below the arm 
bases. 

The flattening of the base extends outward to the second radials. The cen- 
ter of each plate of the radial series contains a conspicuous tubercle, and from 
the second radial up these tubercles are connected by a low indistinct ridge. 


Each radial tubercle is the center of a series of low ridges that pass outward 
toward the plate perimeter, becoming obsolete there. These ridges either con- 
nect with the tubercles or are barely disconnected. 

The center of each large interradial plate is occupied by from one to three 
tubercles that give off in all directions ridge-like rays which become obsolete at. 
the plate sutures. These ridges, as in the case of the radials, are sometimes. 
connected with the tubercles and again slightly disconnected. 

The tubercles of the first and second radial plates and the first radial and 
basal plates are not noticeably connected by ridges. The tubercles of the first. 
radials are the largest on the body. 

The second interradials have each a central broad node surrounded by node- 
like ridges. 

The upper edges of the basal plates form a circular ridge about the basal 
concavity. 

The plates of the ventral surface have small central tubercles surrounded 
by still smaller nodes. 

The proboscis is subcentral and small. 

There are eighteen arm openings arranged as follows: 4, 4, 4, 3, 3. 

The basal concavity is rather large as is also the star-shaped canal. 


Te 


INDIANA PALEZONTOLOGY. 148. 


The first radials are hexagonal; the second, quadrangular; the third, pen- 
tagonal and axillary, supporting on each upper sloping edge a second axillary 
plate. Each upper edge of this latter supports a series of three or four plates 
to the arm bases. 

The first interradial is nine sided and the largest plate on the body. The 
second interradial is quite large and apparently hexagonal. 

The plates of the ventral side are rather large and arranged as usual in the 
species of this genus. 

This form may be compared with Wachsmuth and Springer’s species J). 
tuburculatus which was described from a fragmentary dorsal cup; and Miller 
and Gurley’s J. celatus, a much smaller species and with two less arms. 

The type specimen is from the Upper Devonian beds, near Charlestown, 
Indiana, and belongs to the G. K. Greene collection. 


DOLATOCRINUS CORPOROSUS, Var. Concinnus, N. Var., 
(Rowley) 


Prate 44. Fies. 4, 5, 6. 


This crinoid differs in a few minor details from Miller and Gurley’s species, 
principally in the more elaborate sculpturing, the much less size of the basal 
concavity, smaller basal canal and the ornamentation of the ventral surface. 
In the latter respect, it agrees well with Wachsmuth and Springer’s D. jcosi- 
dactylus, a species with a much greater convexity of vault. 


Radial ridges pass up the middle of the radial series of plates from the 
base to the arm openings but become almost obsolete between the first and second 
radials, growing stronger as they approach the periphery. 

The central nodes of the plates are much smaller than on JD). multinodosus 
and those on the interradial plates are quite small. The first radial nodes con- 
nect with the low basal rim by one or two sharp ridges each and the space be- 
tween these nodes is filled by from four to seven transverse ridges, not connected 
with the nodes, however. ; 

The central node of the very large first interradial is the center from which 
radiate about thirty-six knotty ridges that pass to the nodes of the radial series 
and that of the second interradial plate, four to each. Some of these ridges 
coalesce with the interradial node and some do not. None of them, however, 
are connected with the radial nodes or ridges. 


Small tuburcular nodes stand at the ends of some of the ridges, near the 
central-radial and interradial nodes. 


149, CONT Rte tr Cri 2 


The ventral surface is ornamented with low rounded elevatious, minute 
spine-like tubercles and strong nodes at the junction of the ambulacral ridges. 


The basal funnel is rather small and completely filled by the column. The 
columnar canal is five lobed and smaller than in D. corporosus. The basal. 
flattening hardly extends beyond the first radial plates. 


The dorsal cup is somewhat constricted below the arm bases. 


Between two of the arm groups is a contusion-like elevation in the dorsal 
cup and to the left of it in the edge of the next interradial area, another abnor-. 
mal elevation with a crater-like top. 


The vault is hardly more than convex, with strong radial ridges and cor- 
sponding deep valleys between them. . 


The base of the anal tube is sub-central and rather small. 
There are two respiratory pores to each arm opening, or forty in all. 


The plate arrangement is the same as in other Dolatocrini, differing from 
that of D. corporosus only in the proportional length and breadth of the sev~ 
eral plates. 


This species comes from the same geological horizon and locality as the last. 
and is a part of the same collection. 


DOA D OC REN US" OC :ORL OROS US. “Var: Decoratus, IN. Var, 
(Rowley) 


PratE 44. Fries. 7, 8, 9. 


The body of this beautiful crinoid is more compressed than either of the 


above described species, the ventral disk being almost flat. 
The radial ridges are contiuous and the central nodes not conspicuous. 


The mid-interradial nodes are hardly more than centers for the numerous. 


sharply elevated radiating ridges. These ridges are sharp and strong and. 
break up into nodes or are toothed in places. 

The ornamentation is much stronger on this than on the preceding species, 
except as to the central plate-nodes. 

As in the preceding species, the radiating ridges are in part continuous. 
with the central node of the first interradial but disconnected with the radial 
nodes. 

The ornamentation of the ventral surface is short lines of confluent gran-. 
ules, giving a toothed appearnce. 


ee 


Days. 


INDIANA PALEONTOLOGY. 150. 


The basal funnel is rather large and surrounded by a low ridge. 


The columnar canal is quite large and of the usual shape. A shallow de- 
pression involves the greater part of the first radials. 


The body is considerably constricted below the arm bases. 


There are sixteen arms arranged thus: 4, 4, 3, 2, 3, end there are two res- 
piratory pores to the arm. 


The anal tube is small and nearly central. The arm lobes are strongly 
separated by the depth of the inter-ambulacral areas. 


The plates of the dorsal cup are as usual in the genus, as to number, 
varying in proportional width and length toconform to the shape of the body. 


The arm openings are directed strongly upward. 
Locality and geological horizon, same as the last. 
Collection of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


DOLATOCRINUS ELEGANTULUS, N. Sp., (Rowley) 


Pirate 44. Fies. 19, H, 12. 


Body broader than high, hardly constricted below the arm bases. 


A distinct and continuous rim bounds the basal, funnel-shaped cavity. 
The funnel as well as the stellate canal are large. 


The nodes at the center of the radial and interradial plates are rather 
strong and the radial ridges are very pronounced. The nodes or tubercles on 
the first radial plates are connected by rather strong transverse ridges, doubled 
in two areas and giving a pentagonal outline to the basal region. From the 
mid-interradial node there radiate outward toward the radial nodes from nine 
to twelve toothed ridges with a few small elongate nodes between the ridges. 
The center of the second interradial is occupied by a strong, elongate, cross 
node. 


The plate sutures of the dorsal cup are grooved. 


The plates of the ventral disk are ornamented by small and larger tu- 
bercular nodes. 


The anal tube is strong and sub-central. The inter-ambulacral depressions 
are rather strong. 


There are eighteen arm openings arranged thus: 4, 4, 3, 4, 3 and probably 
two respiratory pores to the arm. 


The first radials are six sided and a little wider than long. The second ra- 


15). CON TRIBUTION TO 


dials four sided and wider than long. The third radial is pentagonal and nearly 
twice as wide as long. This latter plate supports on each upper sloping side a 
second axillary plate each of whose upper edges supports a series of two plates 
to the arm bases. 


The first interradial plate is the iargest plate on the body and nine sided. 
The second interradial plate is smaller and six sided. Above this latter plate 
three smaller ones lying in the depression between the arm lobes. 


The plates of the vault can only be made out in part. 
The basal pentagon is a shallow depression. 

The locality and horizon, same as the last. 

The type belongs to Mr. G..K. Greene’s collection. 


DOLATOCRINUS CORBULIFORMIS, N. Sp., (Rowley) 


Puate 44, Fies. 18, 14, 15. 


The centers of the plates are occupied by rather strong tubercles, connected 
by short, sharp ridges. 

The center of the interradial plates is occupied by a tuberele from which 
radiate toothed lines and lines of nodes. 


The base is flat but hardly concave. 


In this species there is but one interradial plate on the dorsal cup. The 
arm groups are strongly lobed and there are apparently eighteen arm openings, 
4.4,.3,°8, 4: seer 

The ventral side is somewhat injured, but the part preserved is orna- 
mented by small spine-like tubercles, larger on the ambulacral ridges. 

The whole appearance of this pretty little crinoid is that of a low, orna- 
mental basket. 

The first radial plates are hexagonal and wider than long. The second ra- 
dial is quadrangular and wider than long. The third radial is pentagonal and 
supports on each of its two upper sloping sides an axillary plate. Above each 
of these second bifureating plates are two rows of two plates each to the arm 
bases. 

The first interradial plate is very large and seems to fill the entire interra- 
dial area on the dorsal cup. 

Locality and horizon, the same as the last. 

Collection of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


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INDIANA PALAONTOLOGY. 152. 


DOLATOCRINUS PRECIOSUS, M. &G., Rowley. 


PriaTE 45. Fies. 1, 2, 3. 


Body depressed. Dorsal cup flattened to the middle of the first interradials 
but with no concavity except about the stem base and that is insignificant. 


‘A rim surrounds the columnar cieatrix. ‘The columnar canal is medium in 
size and pentalobate. Column rather large. The first radials are wider than 
long, with a strong central tubercular node from which radiate out to the plate 
margins lines of small nodes and short acute ridges, the latter between first ra- 
dial centers only and three in number. (The drawing shows but two.) 


The second and third radials are wider than long, with central tubercular 
nodes and radiating lines of smaller nodes or short ridges. 


Of the two plates resting on the upper edges of the third radial, one is 
bifureating and supporting above a series of two or three plates to the arm 
bases. All of these radial plates have the strong central node and radiating 
ridges or confluent nodes, the central tubercles of all the radial plates being con- 
nected by a low sharp ridge. 


The first interradial plates are about as wide as long and eight sided, with 
a strong central node from which radiate outward to the sutures numerous lines 
of smaller nodes and ridges. The second interradial is smaller than the first 
and supports above a still smaller plate, all being ornamented alike, the entire 
series being 1, 1, 1, except the anal, which is 1, 1, 3. The second plate of the 
anal interradial is smaller than the same plate in the other interradial areas, 
while the three plates above are quite small and lie between the arm lobes. 


The ventral disk is but little elevated, the inter-ambulacral spaces de- 
pressed, making the arm lobes strong and distinct. The anal tube is rather 
slender and located sub-centrally, its plates being strongly nodose or tuburecu- 
lar. The central dome plate and the base of the proboscis are surrounded by 
a ring of seven plates, the anterior four being much the larger. Two of these 
latter being located ambulacrally and two inter-ambulacrally. Of the three 
smaller plates of this ring, two are ambulacrally placed and the one inter- 
ambulacrally situated is in the anal depression. 


The next ring of plates is composed of paired, elongate, inter-ambulacral 
pieces, separated by a single ambulacral plate followed below by three other 
smaller ambulacral pieces. 


The elongate inter-ambulacral pieces, largest and longest in the two anter- 
ior depressions, fill the valleys below the first ring of plates, except in the anal 
area where there are three or four small plates. 


153, CONTRIBUTION: LO 


The two large anterior plates of the first ring which we stated as located 
inter-ambulacrally meet along a suture, mid-ambulacrally. 

The centers of the first ring of plates and each ambulacral plate is oecu- 
pied by a node and these nodes on the ambulacral plates are connected by in- 
distinct ridges. Otherwise the vault plates are thickly set by granular-like 
nodes. 

The ornamentation of this fossil is sharper than on any Dolatocrinus we 
have yet seen. | 

The arms are fifteen in number. No respiratory slits. 

This specimen differs from Miller and Gurley’s species J. preciosus only 
in stronger ornamentation and different arm arrangement, agreeing in number 
of arms, 

This species comes from the Upper Devonian beds, near Charlestown, Ind., 
and the specimen figured belongs to the collection of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


DOLATOCRINUS PRECIOSUS, M. &G., Rowley. 


Prate 45: Fries, 4,5, 6. 


The specimen here figured is somewhat larger than the preceeding form, 
hardly less depressed, with a very shallow basal funnel and strongly elevated 
ambulacral areas. ; 

It differs from D. prec/osus in arm nnmber and formula, and the character 
of the dorsal ornamentation. 

The radiating lines of nodes, so prominent on DD. prectosus, here become 
lines of confluent nodes about the base but differing a little higher up. 

The arms are sixteen in number and have the arrangement, 3, 3, 4, 3, 3, 
beginning at the anal area and passing around the periphery toward the right, 
the lobe with four bases being the anterior one. No respiratory pores. 

Anal tube as in the preceding form. 

Horizon, locality and collection, same as the last. 


- 


DOLLA TOCGRIN US: CILARLESTOW NENS TS. Ma &-G:, Rowley. 


Prare 45. Press 1,359 
This crinoid is depressed as usual in the genus, the basal flattening begin- 
ning with the top of the second radial plates. 


A rim surrounds the stem base and a rounded ridge passes up the middle 


LNIDIAN A PAL ACONTOLOG ¥. 154, 


of the radial plates to the arm bases, hardly noded at the plate centers. Low, 
rounded radiating lines pass from plate center to the sutures, being most promi- 
nent near the base. All of the radial plates are wider than long, and the same 
is true of the interradial pieces, except the first, which is of equal dimensions. 
The interradial plate arrangement is 1, 1, 1, except the anal area which is 1, 1, 3. 


Most of the plates of the ventral disk, especially those located ambulacrally, 
have rather strong central nodes. The poor preservation of the ventral surface 
prevents further diagnosis. 


The anal tube is nearly central and the inter-ambulacral areas are de- 
pressed, making the arm lobes distinct. 


The arm formula is 2, 4, 3, 3, 3, or fifteen in all. 

No respiratory pores (slits). 

The form is probably identical with M. & G.’s D. charlestownsnsis, ditfer- 
ing mainly in its greater size and stronger ventral nodes. 


The artist has made the dorsal ornamentation in Figure 7 too much like 
lines of nodes when in fact it is low, rounded radiating ridges. 


It is probable this form should be placed under D. preciosus as a variety, 
since D. charlestownensis is hardly entitled to specific distinction. 


Horizon, locality and collection, same as the last. 


DOLATOCRINUS AMPLUS? M.&G., Rowley. 


Prats 45, ¥Fies. 10, 11, 12; 


This is a very depressed form, a broad concavity involving the dorsal 
plates to the bottom of the third primary radials and the middle of the first in- 
terradials. The columnar or basal funnel shallow. Stem rather small. 


All of the dorsal plates are strongly tumid, except the basals and first ra- 


dials, Rather strong, sharp radiating ridges pass from plate center to plate 
center. 


Each of the plates in the second series of radials is axillary. The first ra- 
dials are about as long as broad, the second and third wider than long. 

The first interradials are scarcely longer than wide. 

The ventral disk elevated but little. 

Plates flat and ornamented by nodes or granules. 

Inter-ambulacral areas scarcely depressed. 

Anal tube rather small and sub-centrally located. 


155. COME RTE OIG fO) 


There are from three to four respiratory slits between the arm lobes, 

two to four between the arm divisions and two between individuai arm bases 
of each division. 
There are twenty arms, the same as in D. amplus, M. & G., from which 
species the form before us, differs mainly in its greater depressed form, sharper 
tumid character of dorsal plates and greater basal concavity. In this latter 
feature it agrees well with D. dyoni, W. & Sp., but differs in its width, de- 
pressed form and number of arms. 

It is not without some hesitation that we refer our specimen to J). amplus. 


Horizon, locality and collection same as the last. 


INDIANA PALEONTOLOGY. 156. 


BLOTHROPHYLLUM HOUGHTONI: 


Prats 46. Fies. 1, 2, 3, 4. 


Example Cyathophyllum houghtoni, Rominger. Fossil Corals, 1876, Page 104, Plate 36, up- 
per tier of figures. 
CyathophyHum houghtoni, Hall. Ilustration of Devonian Corals, Plate 30, Figs 1,2. 1876. 


Corallum simple, turbinate, or elongate turbinate, or conico-cylindriecal. 
The point of attachment in some examples are pointed, in some there is a broad 
sear at the base of attachment, and some have strong, root-like prolongations 
that serve for attachmentand support. Height varying in different individuals, 
from three to five inches or more. Diameter of calix from twenty-five to forty- 
five millimeters. Depth ten to twenty-five millimeters. A flat space in the 
center of the calix occupied by the tabule, from ten to twenty millimeters, 
varying in different specimens. Number of lamelle ninety-four in the cir- 
cumference of a calix thirty-five millimeters in diameter, rounded and equal in 
size at the margin, alternating below, the short ones terminate before reaching 
the bottom of the cup, the longer ones continue a short distance on the tabulx 
and gradually disappear, leaving a smooth oblique space in the bottom of the 
ealix eight or ten millimeters in diameter. Fossette consists of a deep depres- 
sion at the margin of the smooth space, but does not extend far on the side of 
the calix. The epitheca is very thin, and does not concea] the longitudinal striz. 
Where the epitheca is weathered away the corallum has the appearance of a 
series of thin invaginated cups. ; 


Found in the Upper Devonian (Hamilton group) in the strippings above 
the cement rock throughout Clark county, Indiana, and in the same horizon at 
Crab Orchard, Kentucky, and in the Hamilton group at Pavillion Center, Gen- 
wegsee county, New York, and at Little Traverse Bay, Michigan. The speci- 
mens illustrated are in my collection. 


LACH RENTIS: PROLTX US: IN. Sp: 


Prate 46. Fies. 5, 6. 


Corallum simple, turbinate, or elongate turbinate, straight or regularly 
curved. Acute at the point of attachment. Length on anterior side eighty- 
five millimeters; length of posterior side thirty-five millimeters. Calix oblique 
and broadly bell-shaped, and very thin near the margin, forty millimeters in 
diameter. Depth twenty-five millimeters. Number of lamell:e one hundred 
and eight, somewhat rounded, and slightly unequal in size at the margin, alter- 
nating below, gradually sloping to the bottom of the calix where the short ones 
terminate, the longer ones converge to the center, coalescing, and slightly de- 
flected when meeting the opposite lamellx, but not elevated or connected. There 


157, CONTRIBUTION LO) 


are three septal fossettes, the principal one is situated on the anterior side; the 
two secondary ones are at right angles to the primary one. Situated in the 
principal fossette is one large lamella, extending from the bottom of the calix 
to the anterior margin. Situated on either side of the single large lamelle is 
three shorter ones. The surface is comparitively smooth, with a few wrinkles 
and shallow constrictions. Longitudinal strizw fine, distinct. 


Found in the Middle Devonian (Upper Helderberg group) at the Falls of 
the Ohio. Now in the collection of the author. 


Hoa OeP ye WES POT Arr ODE. 


Prare-46.. Bias: 75:8, 95.10, 14,12; 


Example Cyathophyilum vesiculatum, Hall. Thirty-fifth Annual Report of the New York 
State Museum of Natural History. Advance sheets, August, 1882. 


Cyathophyllum vesiculatum, Hall. Indiana Geological Report Page 297, Plate 23, Figure 6, 
1882. 

Corallum, simple, turbinate, straight, or slightly curved, usually having a 
small scar at the point of attachment. Height varying in different individuals, 
from ten to thirty millimeters. Calix thin and broadly bell-shaped, from fifteen 
to twenty-five millimeters in diameter. Depth fifteen millimeters. Number of 
lamelle sixty, in the circumference of a calix twenty millimeters in diameter, 
unequal in size at the margin, alternating below, for about five mi!limeters 
gradually then they rapidly slope to the bottom of the calix, giving the calix 
somewhat of a funnel-shaped appearance. Fossette consists of a slight depres- 
sion in the bottom of the calix but does not extend on the side of the cup. Den- 
ticulations well defined, in well preserved examples. 


Found in the Middle Devonian (Upper Helderberg group) at the Falis of 
the Ohio. The examples illustrated are in my collection. 


DOUATOCRINUS GORPOROSUS?. M..&G.,. Rowley. 


Prats 47... Fires. J, 2; 3. 


The specimen before us differs some from D. corporosus in ornamentation, 
but still more in the number of arms, having but tex against twenty in that 
species, a difference partly accounted for in the absence of one entire arm group 
in our specimen. 

The four-rayed character of this fossil gives rise to broad and deep ventral 
inter-ambulacral areas and a strongly lobed ventral aspect. 

On the dorsal side this same irregularity so disturbs the usual plate ar- 
rangement that a large, well defined anal area exists, the first plate of which 


INDIANA PALZZON TOLOG Y. 158. 


supports above three larger plates, the third series being composed of four 
smaller ones, the two on the right directly below two arm bases. 


Here then are two arms that do not rest on a radial series, but shall we 
say on interradial plates? 


This crinoid is not unsymmetrical so far as appearance goes. There is no 
indication of injury that would have produced the anomalous character above 
noticed, even in long continued growth. 

Directly above the anal ? area and below the base of the subcentral anal 
tube is a slight protuberance, probably all that is left of an abortive ray. 

The radial series to the right of the abortive ray consists of four plates to 
the bifurcation. 

All of the dorsal plates have distinct central tubercles except the upper- 
most of the interradial series. The radial nodes are connected by a low, sharp 
ridge, and from node to node of the radial and interradial plates pass numerous 
toothed lines and strings of small tubercles. A circular rounded elevation sur- 

4zounds the basal excavation. The ventral plates have central node-like tuber- 
cles and small granular elevations. 

The character of the dorsal flattening is well shown in the illustration. 

The respiratory pores are not more than two to the arm base. 

The specimen is from the Upper Devonian, Speed’s Cement Quarry, Clark 
county, Indiana. 


DOLATOCRINUS GREENEI, M. &G., Rowley. 


Puate 47. Fies. 4, 5, 6, 25. 


Miller & Gurley described the species with nineteen arms, as one of the 
chief characters. The specimen under examination has but thirteen and yet it 
can hardly be considered a new species. How unreliable even the number of 
arms becomes as a specific character. The basal plates form a flat pentagon 
with a central columnar pit. 

Three of the radial series have but one costal each, the remaining ones 
having the normal two. In one of these abnormal rays, the bifureating radial 
supports on the right above, an interradial plate, making three plates to that 
interradial series. 


A smaller radial plate rests on the left upper edge of this bifurcating first 
costal and is itself a bifurcating plate. 


Perhaps our interpretation of this ray as a one-costalled series would not 
meet the approval of some crinoid specialists. See figure 25. 


The absence of second costals in three of the rays, recalls Barris’ genus 


159, CONTRIBUTION TO 


Stereocrinus. In fact, the ornamentation of the specimen before us is somewhat 
like that of Stereocrinus, a genus founded upon a permanently abnormal spec- 
ies in which each ray has lost its second costal, the shortening and flattening 
of the body being due to this fact. Other features of Stereocrinus are not 
wanting in our specimen, small plates above the second interradial being pres- 
ent in some of the series on the dorsal cup. 


The ornamentation is somewhat like that of D. corporosus, but stronger, 


and the radiating lines of nodes fewer in number. The respiratory pores are 
two to the arm base. The anal tube is central. 


An examination of a large and fine series of Dolatocrinus of quite a number 
of species from Southern Indiana has forced us to the belief that the number of 
arms is not always a safe guide in the identification of species. 


The separation of forms, differing little or not at all in shape and ornamen- 
tation, merely upon the possession or lack of an arm or two is hardly pardona- 
ble even in hasty work. 


Paleontologists allow for considerable variation in individuals of species 
in other orders of fossils and that such variation does exist in outline, ornamen- 
tation, etc., is well known to every extensive collector. 


Similar results of growth should be expected among crinoids as in brachi- 
pods or other fossils, but, perhaps, to a less noticeable extent from the peculiar 
shape of the body. 


If each extra arm base is a sufficient ‘character upon which to establish a 
species. I believe Mr. Greene has in his possession individuals with from 12 or 
13 to 20 arms in each group of like ornamentation, omitting the two or more 
groups of ten armed species. 


The specimen of D. greene? is from the Upper Devonian beds near Charles- 
town, Ind. : 


DOLATOCRINUS MARSHI, Lyon, Rowley. 


Priate 47, Figs. 7, 8. - 


There is little doubt of the correct reference of this specimen to Lyon’s 
species. 

It is a ten-armed form and with a series of six slits between each two arm 
bases on the vault. The basal plates and the greater part of the first radials 
occupy a deep inverted frustum of a pentagonal pyramid, the stem having been 
comparatively small and with a pentagonal canal. 

Strong carina extend from the base of the frustum near the top of the first 
radial to the center of the second costal where it forks, sending a low, sharp 
ridge to each arm base. 


INDIANA PALZONTOLOGY. 160. 


The plate sutures are grooved both on the ventral dise and dorsal cup and 
the ornamentation of the dorsal plates is low, radiating ridges, so crossimg the 
plate sutures as to give a pitted appearance between. The deep basal concavity 
extending upward to the level of the arm bases is apparently smooth. The or- 
namentation of the ventral plates is a toothed ridge bordering the suture groove. 

The proboscis is sub central and smal! 


From the Middle Devonian at the Falls of the Ohio. 


DOLATOCRINUS VENUSTUS, M.&G., Rowley. 


Prate 47. Fries. 9, 10. 


To this little crinoid at a younger stage an auloporoid coral attached 
itself and flourished to the inconvenience of its host. Surrounding one arm group 
it has prevented the development of all but one arm and the crinoid, in its 
growth, has partially surrounded and imbedded its guest in a caleareous secre- 
tion. 

The surface about the imbedded tubes, where the secretion thickened, the 
test is smooth, while the rest of the dorsal surface is highly ornamented with 
ridges and nodes. 7 

The specimen has fifteen arm bases, arranged as follows: 3, 3, 4, 4, 1. 

The sub-central proboscis is bent sidewise by the retarded growth of the 
vault near it. Each dorsal plate center is occupied by a strong node and radi- 
ating lines or ridges traverse the plates from node to node. A low rim sur- 
rounds the basal concavity. 

The specimen illustrates the fact that arm growth may be retarded or de- 
stroyed by injury and yet the animal live on; but this lessening of the normal 
number of arms does not create a new species. 


Upper Devonian, Speed’s Quarry, Clark county, Ind. 


MEGISTOCRINUS EXPANSUS, M.&G., Rowley. 


Prats 47. Fires. 11, 12, 13. 


Our drawing is of a young specimen but it agrees well with the description 
of Miller & Gurley’s species, even to the number of arms. The anal tube is ex- 
centric and the central dome plate is crowned with a spine. A node is over 
each arm group. . 


The plate ornamentation is indistinet, broken and continuous, radiating or 
concentric lines. 


Upper Devonian, Clark county, Ind. 


161. CONTRIBUTION TO 


CERIOCRINUS? PRISCUS, N.Sp., (Rowley.) 


PLave 4%. Pies: 14, 15, 16,26. 


The typespecimen differsin several respects from Ceriocrinus (Delocrinus of 
Miller) and may have to be removed, but it differs even more from Eupachyeri- 
nus and Ulocrinus, with both of which it has aflinities. 


The infrabasals are five in number and concealed by the top stem joint but 
visible from the inner side. They are probably quandrangular. 


The basals are five in number and pentaloid, three of them being almost 
surrounded externally by the radials. The bottom of each radial is much too. 
4 ‘ 
broad in our figures. 


Three of the radials are irregularly seven sided, while the two adjacent to 
the anal area are eight sided. 


The articular line for the attachment of the costal is the entire width of 
the upper edge of the radial. 


A rather large five sided interradial rests between two radials and upon the 
truncated basal. This interradial supports above two plates, each of which 
rests against a radial. 


The infrabasals lie at the bottom of a deep pit in which the lower portions. 
of both basals and radials are involved. See the shaded area in figure 26. 

The dorsal cup is low, without surface ornamentation, and composed of 
very heavy plates. 

The stem was round and with a small circular canal. 


The type specimen is from the Kaskaskia Group, of Newman’s Ridge, East 
Tennessee, . 


ELEUTHEROCRINUS CASSEDAYI, Y.&S., Rowley. 


Prave;-47.- Pies, Vi, 18, 195-20: 
Our figures are of a very large and fine specimen, one and one-sixteenth of 
an inch long by nearly three-quarters of an inch broad. 
To the bottom of one ambulacrum is attached a little slender coral. 


Figure 17 is a view of the two normal ambulacra, while figure 18 is of the 
abnormal side of the specimen showing the plate sutures. 


Figure 19 is a basal view showing the usual features and figure 20 is a ven- 
tral view showing well the abnormal ambulacrum. 


This fine specimen is from the Upper Devonian, near Charlestown, Ind.. 


INDIANA PALASONTOLOGY. 162. 


METABLASTUS BIPYRAMIDALIS, Hall, Rowley. 


Pirate 47. Fies. 21, 22, 23, 24. 


The specimen is much larger than the average example from Boonville, 
Mo., the place from which the type of the species came. 


In the width of the cup below the ends of the ambulacra the specimen ap- 
proaches Mr. Gurley’s species VW. wachsmuthi. 


The ambulacra are narrow and less than half the body length, the radials 
being excavated quite deeply for their reception. 


The interradials are small. 


The specimen is so perfectly free of the matrix that the paired spiracles 
are easily seen but unfortunately the tops of the radials about the anal opening 
have been broken away. 

Small perforations are visible in the ends of the deltoids, but this is due to 
the condition of silicious replacement and the breaking in of the outside sur- 
face 


The column of this fossil was round and almost minute as shown by the 
cicatrice for attachment. We have a specimen of LV. /izeatus lying upona slab 
with a portion of the stem just separated from the base, a slender thread-like 
rod. 


The stem of Tricoelocrinus is triangular at the base but probably not so 
throughout. 


From the Warsaw Limestone of Lanesville, Ind. 


All of the fossils described in this paper are from the collection of Mr. G. 
K. Greene. 


NOTE—In Dr. Hambach’s new paper, entitled ‘‘Review of the Blastoidew with a pro- 
posed new Classification and Description of New Species,’’ the two genera Tricclocrinus and 
Metablastus have both been discarded and the euphonious name Saccoblastus offered in lieu 
thereof. What possible reason he could have had to rob others of their labors it would be diffi- 
eult to imagine unless to enrich himself. Perhaps it would be better for science if his already 
vastly superior cabinet contained the types of all genera of blastoids as it now holds such an ar- 
ray of ‘‘scientific specimens (pathologie and abnormal developments and specimens illustrating 
morphology )’’ but not one individual showing a roofing of small plates over the so-called ‘‘cen- 
tral orifice.”’ Our modest little cabinet of less than ten thousand specimens and collected in less 
than fifty years contains many specimens showing this latter feature and the roofing is not com- 
posed of ‘‘Jittle scales or particles of broken pinule’’ for, beneath this arch, over every ambn- 
lacrum is a tunnel. 


In connection with his figures 6 and 7 in the text to show the presence of a ‘‘small pro- 
‘boscis’’ he makes this startling statement: ‘‘To my knowledge it is the first time that such a body 
has been observed on a Blastoid.’’ (This is a correct copy even to the capital in blastoid). In 
the October, 1900, number of the American Geologist, under the subject ‘‘Notes on the Fauna of 
the Burlington Limestone at Louisiana, Mo.,’’ I called attention to such a structure in these 


163. CONTRIBUTION TO 


words, ‘‘One specimen has the anal opening at the top of a short proboscis, composed of smal} 
pieces.’’ The specimen referred to was Schizoblastus (not Cribroblastus of this newly proposed 
classification) Sayi and I can now make the number two. I might also add that both specimens: 
have the ‘‘central orifice’? neatly roofed over by minute plates. Inthe June, 1901, number of the 
same publication I figured the above mentioned specimen on Plate xxviii in a paper entitled 
“Two new Genera and some new Species of Fossils from the Upper Paleozoic Rocks of Missouri.’” 

The Dr.’s eyes were not open or he would have seen these mentions unless my descriptions: 
and illustrations were too insufficient to be recognized. ; 

There are many other points upon which we would take issue with the learned Dr. but our 
space is limited here and we shall have to beg leave to continue the discussion at another time. 
As to the insufficiency of the descriptions and illustrations of our specimens we might say, in a 
passing way, that the verdict of this scientific Solomon does not disturb us in the least. If we 
thought his condemnation of them would result as disastrously as the verdict of the scientifie 
world will with his proposed classification we would feel miserable indeed. By the way, it 
might not be out of place to state here that Dr. Hambach has never seen atype of ours, and. 
what is just as certain, never will. It is this fact that rankles in his bosom. 

By way of a short review, we condemn every one of his new genera to oblivion since they 
were erected upon already valid names. 

Of his eighteen new species, fifteen at least are synonyms of older species and we add to 
these, of his previously deseribed species Pentremites abbreviatus, Pentremites gemmiformis, Pen- 
tremites sampsoni, Pentremites potteri, P. broadheadi, P. spinosus, P. basilaris, P. nodosus, Codo- 
nites campanulatus. The first of these is a synonym of Pentremites godoni, the second of Pentre- 
mites calycinus; the third, fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth of Pentremites sulcatus. The fourthis a 
synonym of Schizoblastus sayi. 

Pentremites tulipaformis is a synonym for P. cervinus. 

P. obtusus and P. angustus are mere varieties of P. conoideus as will be recognized by any 
one that ever collected at Boonville, where a handful of the specimens will show every gradation 
between the two forms. P. turbinatus is the young of some larger form. P. Bradleyi—P. godoui, 
P. serratus is an extravagant form of P. suleatus. Serrations less numerous and less regular oc- 
euron many of the specimens of Sulcatus from Kentucky, Cribroblastus incisus—Granatocrinus 
projectus. Cidaroblastus parvus was described from insufficient material and unreconizable. 
Cribroblastus verrucosus—- Schizoblastus sayi, Cribroblastus tenuistriatus—Lophoblastus inopinatus, 
C. Schucherti is a synonym of Granatocrinus spinuliferus, Rowley. 

Saccoblastus ventricosus—Metablastus bipyramidalis, Globoblastus magnificus— Orbitremites 
norwoodi, Globoblastus ornatus and G. Spathatus—Lophoblastus aplatus so far as can be made out 
from the insufficient drawings and descriptions, C. tenuis—G. roemeri. 


DOLATOCRINUS NODOSUS, M.&G., Rowley. 


Prare 48s Sigs. 1,. 253; 


The beautiful specimen we have illustrated agrees well with Miller & Gur- 
ley’s type, save that the radial ray to the right of the anal area has but one 
costal. 

The number of arms is the same but two respiratory pores to each arm base 
are visible on our specimen. The sutures of the three basal plates are shown. 
The body is flattened but hardly convave save the slightly excavated column 


INDIANA: PALASONTOLOGY. 164, 


base. An almost circular: rim surrounds the stem cicatrice. The columnar 
canal is pentalobate. The radials and costals have each a strong central tuber- 
cle, connected in the same ray by a more or less indistinct thread-like ridge. 


The centers of the interradials are occupied by a strong node from which 
radiate sharp, more or less toothed ridges, passing to adjacent radial and inter- 
radial centers. The ridges are interrupted at the sutures. The ornamentation 
of the higher radials or distichals is a stellate arrangement of elongate nodes. 


The distichals of the one-costalled ray are bifurcating plates, supporting 
palmars above as in other rays. 

The interbrachials of four interradial rays are ti: in number while the 
anal interradius has but two. 

In the ventral disk the lower interradial (inter-ambulacral) plates are two 
elongate pieces to each of the four areas, supporting above one or two plates. 
In the anal area there are two short plates below, supporting three plates above. 
The anal tube is sub-central and small. The ventral plates are ornamented by 
small spine-like nodes except near the proboscis where the number is fewer and 

the size larger. 

There are two respiratory pores to each arm base. 


This beautiful specimen is from the Upper Devonian, near Charlestown, Ind. 


DOLATOCRINUS SPINOSUS, M.&G., Rowley. 


Prare. 48. Fie. 4. 


Our drawing is of a symmetrical four-rayed dorsal cup. The basal concav- 
ity is round and quite deep as in the Marshi group. 

The radials to the middle of the second costal are traversed by an extrava- 
gantly strong keel. The plates are without central nodes. The ornamentation 
is fine radiating lines. ; 

The specimen furnishes strong evidence against the erection of species upon 
the number of arms alone. 

It probably had sixteen arms. : 

Miller & Gurley’s figure is without ornamentation but they do not state that 
fact in the description. As our specimen does not preserve the vault, there is 
some doubt of the correctness of the reference. It might be placed with Wachs- 
muth & Springer’s D. excavatus, but that species is probably a synonym of JD. 
spinosus, M. & G. 

The specimen is from the Falls of the Ohio and the Middle Devonian beds. 


165, CONTRIB LET TIOMN +1) 


HADROCRINUS PLENISSIMUS, Lyon, Rowley. 


Piate 48. Frias. 5, 6. 


_ Hadrocrinus in many particulars is much like an over-grown Dolatocrinus 


or as Wachsmuth & Springer assert, like Stereocrinus, in the possession of but 
one costal. 


The greater depth of the basal concavity involving the plates to the top of 
the palmars or even higher, the greater width of the calyx and the greater num- 
ber of Corsal plates, separate Hadrocrinus from both of the above genera. The 


plates are without tubercles and the radiating linear ornamentation is not 
strong. 


The columnar funnel is surrounded by a low rounded rim which does not 
cover the basal plates. The latter are five in number, apparently, but anchy- 
losed. Wachsmuth & Springer would not commit themselves on the number of 
basals, but their figure of 77. discus shows five sutures, while that of H/. plen- 
zssimus shows but three. It is hardly supposable that the number varies in 
the same genus except in abnormal specimens. From the fragmentary condi- 
tion of our specimen, nothing further can be ascertained. 7 


Middle Devonian, Falls of the Ohio. 


DOLATOCRINUS CAELATUS, M.&G., Rowley. 


Prare-48,.- Figs. 10; 1%, 22: 


The calyx of this crinoid is basket shape with strong radiel ridges knotted 
in the middle of the plates. There is a large basal pentagon outlined by strong 
ridges connecting the centers of the first radials. Unlike either D. caelatus or 
D. arrosus (the latter is a synonym of the former in our opinion) there are no 
distinct nodes at the interradial centers. 

A few strong raised lines or ridges including between them nodes and 
toothed lines, pass from the centers of the interbrachials to the centers of ad- 
joining plates. 

The ornamentation of the ventral disk is large and minute tubercles, the 
former being near the anal tube and over the arm lobes. 

The specimen is slightly deformed in the region of one arm lobe giving but 
three arms there and leaving the anal tube excentric. 

Four of the rays support four arms each or nineteen in all. Here then, is 
a twenty-armed species with nineteen arms. 


Upper Devonian beds, Speed’s Cement Quarry, Clark county, Ind 


INDIANA: PALZONTOLOGY. 166. 


MEGISTOCRINUS EXPANSUS, M. &G., Rowley. 


Pirate 48. Fies 7, 8, 9, 13, 14, 15. 


The larger of our two specimens is a fine one and shows well the plate su- 
tures. It differs somewhat from Miller & Gurley’s species in that the dorsal 
plates are slightly concave against fiat in that species and the periphery be- 
tween the arm lobes and especially in the anal region has the appearance of 
having been pinched into a ridge. The same feature is seen on figures 8, 9, 10, 
plate xxiv,’ part viii, Contribution to Indiana Paleontology. 

The five ventral spines are well developed on this specimen. Anal tube 
rather strong and excentric. 


There are sixteen arms and the peculiar fine linear ornamentation charac- 
teristic of the WM. depressus group. 

The small specimen figured is hardly concave at the base, has sixteen arms, 
five ventral spines and with the lines of ornamentation beautifully preserved. 
Contrary to the larger specimen the plates are flat (not concave) or slightly 
cunvex in the radial ring. 

The ornamentation consists of short parallel lines crossing the sutures and 
extending toward the plate centers, which latter are covered by short lines or 
granules. ‘Toward the periphery thejlines become more or less distorted. This 
ornamentation is almost microscopic, and we venture to say here. that every 
species of flat and so-called smooth-plated Megistocrinus from the Upper De- 
vonian beds of Indiana, possess this ornamentation when well preserved. We 
have seen it on several so-called species. It will be also noticed that the lat- 
eral diameter passing through the anal region, is longer than any other lateral 
diameter in the sixteen armed, smooth (?) species. 


There is something suggestive in these observations that might be used 
profitably in a needed revision of the genus. 


Both of our specimens are from the Upper Devonian beds of Clark county, 
Indiana. 


HOLOCYSTI& PAPULOSUS? M.&G., Rowley. 


Pirate 46. Pies, 16,17, 28: 


Our specimen seems to have some affinity with the above species. It seems 
to have six large and two small plates in the first row, the second row having 
séven, the third has eight, the fourth eight, the fifth eight. The sixth row hag 
the same number, four of which bear elliptical scars for the attachment of 
spines, perhaps, and a fifth has a rather large quadrangular hole at its lower 
suture, from the standpoint of crinoids, an anal opening. The top row seems 


167. ~-,CONTRIBUTION .TO. 


to be composed of six small plates surrounding an elongate rectangular opening, 
the mouth perhaps. 

The specimen is laterally flattened as is usually the'case with specimens of 
this genus. 

The base has no scar for stem attachment and the specimen was probably 
sessile. 


The plates are all a little convex especially noticeable at the center. Om 
some plates there are nodes and warty prominences. Pores are scattered rather 
thickly over the plates. In outline our specimen differs from all described: 
species, as well as in the number of plates, but here is a genus with no definite 
number of plate rows nor plates inarow. Even rows can not sometimes be traced 
and disorder is often occasioned by the intercalation of small plates between the 
larger ones. The base has a stem or nothing but a fiat face for attachment, 
roots (S. A. Miller) or the base is rounded. 


In other words, some of the species are attached by stems, others by roots, 
still others are sessile or free floating. 

Some species have scars for the attachment of arms? or spines, usually four 
in number, while others have no indication of such appendages. 


It would be hard to state upon what characters this genus is founded and 
what would be good specific characters. 


A slight change in form, as lengthening or shortening the longitudinal di- 
ameter, increases or decreases the number of rows of plates and plates in a row, 
and these things furnish the paleontologist an excuse for the creation of many 
species. Of the thirty odd species of the genus, perhaps over half came from 
practically the same locality, and it would be safe to say that eight or ten spe- 
cies could be made to include the whole thirty-five or more. 

In a genus of such variation, should we not expect considerable variation 
in specimens of the same species? 

Niagara group, Big Creek, near Dupont, Jefferson county, Ind. All of the 
fossils figured on this plate and described in this paper are the property of Mr. 
G. K. Greene. 


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INDIANA PALASONTOLOGY. 168. 


FAVOSITES CLAUSUS, Rominger. 


Piate 49. Upper FIGURE. 


Favosites Clausus, Rominger, Geological Survey of Michigan, page 37, plate xiv, upper 
left hand figure, 1876. 

Rominger’s description: Clustered, rapidly branching and anastomosing 
stems, varying from one-half to one centimeter in thickness. Tubes unequal, 
larger ones circular, measuring in different specimens from one-half to one and 
a half millimeters in diameter; the smaller tubes filling the interstices between 
the larger ones are subangular. Orifices at the ends of the branches all open, 
on the sides of the stems most of them are found closed by opercula. Opercula 
flat or convex, some of them decorated with twelve marginal carine radiating 
towards the center. Diaphragms partly simple and regular, but largely inter- 
mingled with irregular partial septa, formed by the development of lateral 
squame analagous to the vertical rows of leaflets in other species of Favosites. 
Pores numerous. 


The specimen illustrated on Plate 49, upper figure, is from the Upper De- 
vonian (Hamilton group) at Speed’s cement quarry, Clark county, Ind., now 
in my collection. 


LITHODRUMUS, N. Gen. 


(Ety. lithos, a stone; drumos, a bush or thicket). 


Corallum compound. Tubes rounded-polygonal, unequal in size. Tab- 
ule flat and closely arranged, occupying more than half the diameter of the 
corallite. Septa alternating in size and length, not strongly developed. Fos- 
sette well defined in some cups; in some others only faintly indicated; and 
occasionally a cup may have two fossettes. Interseptal area vesicular. Type 


L. Veryi. 


LITHODRUMUS VERYI, N.Sp. 


Prat 49. Lower FIGure. 


Corallum composite, rapidly increasing by lateral gemmation. Corallites 


rounded-polygonal, unequal in size, surrounded by their own epithical wall, 


intimately connected periodically by the expansion of the epithica, or they may 
not connect only at the superior margin of the cup. -Calyx broadly bell-shaped, 
from ten to thirty millimeters in diameter, or slightly more in some cups. 
Depth from five to fifteen millimeters. A flat space in the bottom of the ecalix 
occupied by the tabule, from five to fifteen millimeters in diameter. Tabule 


169, , CONTRIBUTION TO 


flat or slightly oval, and closely arranged. Number of lamella, sixty to sev- 
enty, alternating in size, the shorter ones scarcely more than rudimentary; the 
longer ones at the margin rather obscure. For about five or ten millimeters 
they gradually slope, andat this point they become elevated and sharp, and 
abruptly descend to the bottom of the calix, and extend a short distance on the 
tabule, and abruptly terminate, leaving a smooth, convex space in the bottom 
of the calix, from five to fifteen millimeters in diameter. Interseptal area 
vesicular. Fossette conspicuous, consists of a deep depression at the edge of 
the smooth convex space in the bottom of the calix, but does not extend on 
the side of the cup. A specimen in my collection shows in some of the coral- 
lites two well defined fossettes situated opposite to each other. 

Found in the St. Louis group, (sub-carboniferous) four miles south-east of 
Mammoth Cave, Kentucky. Now in the collection of the author. The specific 
name is in honor of Mr. Charles Very, of New Albany, Indiana. 


PoRSO POO RA. IN. Gen 
(Ety. Protos, first; and Pora, a pore). 


Corallum composite, increasing by lateral and calicular gemmation. Cor- 
allites frequently connected by their epithical walls, and having numerous 
transverse and oblique diaphrams which divide the tubes into coarse cysts 
somewhat like Cystelasma, but differing from Cystelasma in having mural pores 
in the adjoining corallites asin Romingeria. Type P. Cystoides. 


PRO TLOY OR A “CYS COLD EsS 


Example, Romingeria Cystoides, Grabau, contribution to Indiana Palaeontology, Part VII, 
page 52, plate 20, figures 19 to 23, May 23, 1901. 


CY SIIPHY LLUM FULC KRALDUM, IN. Sp; 


Prare 50. Mic..1. 


Corallum simple, turbinate or elongate turbinate or cylindrical. Straight 
or slightly curved. Very blunt and rugged at the base of attachment.  Fre- 
quently strong, root-like prolongations set out near the base, that serve for at- 
tachment and support. For about three inches rapidly enlarging, then the di- 
ameter is essentially the same to the margin of the calix. Height seven inches. 
Calix very shallow and oblique. Sixty millimeters in diameter. Exterior very 
rugged; when decorticated it has the appearance of a series of thin invaginated 
cups, with numerous spines covering the spaces between the cups, commencing 
on the surface of one cup and reaching to the bottom of the succeeding one. 


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INDIANA PALAZONTOLOGY. 170. 


Near the margin of.the calix, there are numerous small cysts; many of these ap- 
pearing as short, thick spines; but these spine-like cysts disappear as they ap- 
proach the bottom of the calix, and are replaced with large, irregular vesicles. 
The vesicles on the exterior are very irregular in size, but very numerous and 
shallow, and somewhat long. 

I have one corrallum in my collection that agrees with this in diameter at 
the calix, and has a more symmetrical form, that measures nineteen inches 
in length. 


The broad, shallow, oblique calix, and the numerous thin invaginated spin- 
ulose cups, make this easily recognized from all other species. 


Found in the Lower Devonian (Corniferous group) at the Falls of the 
Ohio. Now in the collection of the author. 


CYSTIPHY LLM -OLAYALUM,. .Ne-Sp,. 


Prare 50, ° Fie. 3: 


Corallum simple, turbinate, or elongate turbinate or cylindrical, straight or 
regularly curved. Acute at the base of attachment. Gradually and regularly 
expanding in diameter to the calix. Height of entire corallum fifteen inches; 
only seven inches is illustrated. Diameter of corallum at the height of seven 
inches, sixty-five millimeters; then very slightly enlarging to the calix. Exte- 
rior very rugged, and has the appearance of being composed of numerous thin 
invaginated cups. When decorticated, the surface is covered with numerous 
shallow and somewhat broad cysts. The calix is covered with much larger ves- 
icles than those on the exterior, and near the margin of the cup fine striw ap- 
pears more or less on the surface of the cysts. 

The large size and large vesicles in the calix, and fine striw on the surface 
of those near the margin, and the numerous broad shallow cysts on the exterior, 
and the appearance of numerous thin invaginated cups, makes this easily rec- 
ognized from all other species. 


Found in the Lower Devonian (Corniferous group) at the Falls of the Ohio. 
Now in the collection of the author. 


BATOCRINUS MAGNIROSTRIS, N.&p., (Rowley.) 


Prate co). - BiG. 5 2). 3: 
In this species the ventral disk is deeper than the dorsal cup and the base 
of the ventral tube is very strong. 


The calyx rapidly expands from the basal plates and forms a low cone. 
The three basal plates form a distinct rim. The columnar canal is round. 


171. CON PRIS OEON AES 


The ornamentation of the plates of the dorsal cup consists of fine, indis- 
tinct radial lines and low radiating ridges. 

The final radial is broader than long and has a slight cross ridge. The 
second radialis quadrangular, broader than long, and has a low cross ridge. 
The third radial is pentagonal, broader than long, and has a cross ridge as in 
the first and second plates. There is another bifurcation above the third pri- 
mary radial. A slender thread-like line traverses the radial series from the 
base to the arms. The first interradial plate sends off indistinct radiating 
ridges from the center. Above this latter plate are one or two smaller plates. 
There are eighteen arm bases, four to the ray, except the one opposite to 
the anal area, which has but two. To each group there are two large respira- 
tory pores or ten in all. 

The plates of the ventral disk are strongly nodose and the nodes are sharp. 

The ornamentation of the dorsal cup reminds one of delicate ripples. The 
proboscis (ventral tube) is stout, long and nodose. 

The plates are rather thick. 

This crinoid comes from the Warsaw Limestone of Lanesville, Ind., and 
the specimen figured belongs to the G. K. Greene collection. 


BATOCRINUS IRREGULARIS, Casseday, Rowley. 


Pirate 51; Pies, 4,-5; 6. 


The columnar canal is large. The basal plates forma slight rim. All of 
the radial plates are much wider than long, and each with a prominent cross 
ridge or convexity; an almost absolute line connects the convexities and passes 
to the arm bases. ‘The first interradial is nine or ten sided and convex or wart- 
like, with one or two small interradials above it. 

Resting upon the first azygous interradial are five smaller anal plates. 
Above these latter is another series of several plates. As in the preceding 
species there are eighteen arm openings and with the same arrangement of re- 
spiratory pores, but smaller. 

The plates of the ventral disk are convex, three of them just over each 
arm group are nodose, except over the two armed ray, where but a single node 
occurs. The anal tube is nearly central and strong. Probably nodose. 


Horizon, locality and collection same as the last. 


BATOCRINUS DAVISI, Rowley. 


PLATE OL. \ FIGs; 7583.9. 


This is another 18-armed form, with convex calix plates, the latter orna- 


, a ee ee 


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A ha i a a a al 


INDIANA PALAONTOLOGY. 172. 


‘mented by short, irregular raised lines and pits of a most delicate character. A 


slight raised line connects the racial plates. 


The radials are wider than long, and there are two bifurcations to the ray 
in four radial rays. 


The first interradial is larger and supports two smaller plates above. 


The basal plates form arim. The column is rather large and the perfora- 
tion round. 

The ventral disk is as deep as the dorsal cup, and the plates are nodose- 
spinose. 

The anal tube is central and strong and probably nodose. 

The first plate of the anal interradius supports three plates above, and 
above them are three others. 

Horizon, locality and collection same as last. 

This specimen was originally described from the Kaskaskian limestone. 


BATOCRINUS CRASSITESTUS, N. Sp., (Rowley. ) 


Prare 51, Figs, 10,711, 12: 


This crinoid is subglobose, with a deeper ventral disk than dorsal cup. 


The broad plates form a distinct rim and, asin the preceding forms, the 
radial plates are convex and wider than long and slightly connected by a low 
line. There are two bifurcations to the ray except in the anterior ray. 

The large first interradial plate is nine or ten sided, convex, with indistinct 
lines radiating from its center. Above it are one or two smaller convex piates. 


The first anal interradial is twice as wide as long, and supports three larger 


‘convex plates above. Upon these three plates rest two other plates of nearly 


equal size. A small plate lies above these two. 

There are eighteen arm bases in five groups, with two respiratory pores to 
the group, or ten in all. 

The plates of the ventral disk are strongly nodose, almost spinose, but 
with no definite arrangement to the nodes. 

The proboscis or ventral tube is subcentral and very strong, also nodose. 
The body plates are all thick. 

Horizon, locality and collection same as the last. 


BATOCRINUS DAVISI, Var. Lanesvillensis, N. Var. (Rowley.) 


Pirate 51. Fies. 13, 14, 15. 


In this crinoid the depth of the dorsal cup and the ventral disk are about 
the same. 


173. CONTRIBUTION LO 


The basal plates form a slight rim. The stem is rather large and the 
perforation round. 

All of the radial plates are somewhat wider than long, a very little convex 
and all connected by a slight line. 

The first interradial plate is the largest plate on the dorsal cup and about 
as long as wide, a little convex and with the slightest appearance of radiating 
ridges. Above this plate are two smaller ones, and two yet smaller above the 
latter two. 

There are nineteen arm bases with two pairs of respiratory pores for each 
arm group or twenty in all. 

The arm groups are somewhat lobed in this form, unlike the previously 
described forms. 

The plates of the ventral disk are convex and each with a small central 
nipple like spine. 

The anal tube is only moderately strong, and with convex plates bearing 
central nodes, 

The first plate of the anal area is a little longer than the first radial plate, 
and supports above three rather large plates. Above these latter, appear to 
be two smaller plates. 

Horizon, locality and collection same as the last. 


BATOCRINUS ICOSIDACTYLUS, Casseday, Rowley. 


Power bly Kress 16. 47, 38: 


The three basal plates of this species form rather a strong rim. The col- 
umn is not large and the perforation small. Outside of the basal plates the dor- 
sal cup forms the frustrum of a very low cone. All of the calyx plates are con- 
vex merely and all of the radial plates much wider than long. In each radial 
ray there are two bifurcations, making twenty arm bases in all. 

Above the second bifurcation are three plates to the periphery. 

The interradial plates are one large one below, two smaller ones above and 
a yet smaller one above the two. 

The arm bases form a continuous rim. 

There are apparently two respiratory pores to the arm base. 

The ventral disk is deeper than the dorsal cup and the plates are convex, 
some of them bearing short, stout spines. The arrangement of these spines 
seems to be three in a triangular form above each arm group and one above the 
anal area, with a semicircle of large ones above, on the anterior side of the 


vault. 


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INDIANA PALAZONTOLOGY. 174, 


There are six plates in theeanal area of the dorsal cup, a large one below, 
supporting three above, which in turn support two smaller ones upon their up- 
per edges. 

The anal tube is nearly central, very strong and composed of convex plates, 
often spinose. All of the plates are very thick, 

Horizon, locality and collection, same as the last. 


BATOCRINUS ICOSIDACTYLUS, Casseday, Rowley. 


PuatEe 51. Fies. 19, 20, 21. 


This little specimen has the upper stem joint in place and the same ar- 
rangement of spines on the vault as in the preceding specimen, twenty arm 
bases and nearly half an inch of a spine-bearing proboscis. 


Horizon, locality and collection, same as the last. 


BATOCRINUS DAVISI, Var. Sculptus, N. Var. (Rowley). 


Prate 51. F1ré6s.:22..235: 


The dorsal and ventral cups are of equal depth. 

The colum rather large and the basal plates forming a low rim. 

All of the calyx plates are a little convex with fine radiate-line sculpture, a 
delicate ridge traversing the radial plates. The fine radiating ridges are often 
broken up and on some plates display no definite arrangement, crossing some 
of the radial plates entirely. 

The radial plates are wider than long and the radial series embraces three 
orders of plates. 

The interradial series contains four plates, 1, 2, 1, the lower one being the 
largest plate in the dorsal cup. 

The anal area has eight plates, 1, 3, 3, 1. 

The plates of the ventral disk are smooth and eonvex, some of them having 
a low, nipple-like central node. 

The anal tube is not very strong and located near the center. 

There are eighteen arm bases, the anterior ray having but two. 

The ornamentation of the dorsa! cup of this form will readily distinguish it. 

Horizon, locality and collection, same as the last. 


BATOCRINUS ICOSIDACTYLUS, Casseday, Rowley. 


Pirate 61. Fies. 24, 25, 26, 27, 28. 


Figure 24 is, perhaps, nearly a full length proboscis or anal tube of this 


£75. CONTRIBUTION: OO 


species and shows well the spinose character of the appendage, Figure 25 isa 
portion of another tube with stronger but less numerous spines. 

Figure 26 is the ventral disk of a specimen with half an inch of the anal 
tube. The spinose character of the plates is shown beautifully and their ar- 
rangement above the arm bases is the same as in figures 16 and 17. 

Figures 27 and 28 are basal and lateral views of a beautiful dorsal cup of 
this species. There are but three plates in the anal interradius and the basal 
rim is very strong. 


Horizon, locality and collection, same as the last. 


ae ae 


INDIANA PALAZONTOLOGY. 176, 


ZAPHRENTIS STRIGATUS, N. Sp. 


Pirate 52. Fies. 1, 2, 3. 


Corallum simple, turbinate, straight, or regularly curved. Acute at the 
point of attachment. Rapidly expanding in diameter to the calix. Height vary- 
ing in different individuals, from thirty to fifty millimeters, the longest exam- 
ples observed. Calix oblique, broadly campanulate, thirty millimeters in diam- 
éter. Depth ten to fifteen millimeters. A deep, broad, concave space in the 
center of the calix, occupied by the tabule, from five to eight millimeters deep, 
and ten millimeters broad. Number of lamelle, one hundred and twelve in the 
cireumference of a calix thirty millimeters in diameter, the short ones merely 
rudimentary, the longer ones gradually slope to the margin of the concave area, 
and abruptly terminate. Fossette consists of a deep depression in the center of 
the concave space, and continues as a deep broad groove to the anterior mar- 
gin. Situated in the center of the fossette is one large lamelle2, commenc- 
ing in the bottom of the calix, and continues to the anterior margin. 


The broad, deep concave space, and the long lamelle, situated in the fos- 
sette, makes this easily recognized from all other species. 


Found in the Upper Devonian (Hamilton group) near Charlestown, and at 
the different cement quarries throughout Clark county, Indiana. Now in the 
collection of the author. 


ZAPHRENTIS INVAGINATUS, N. Sp. 


Pirate 52. Fies. 4, 5. 


Corallum, simple, turbinate or elongate turbinate, straight or regularly 
curved. Acute at the point of attachment. Gradually enlarging in diameter 
to the calix. Height varying in different individuals from fifty to eighty-five 
millimeters. Diameter of calix twenty-five millimeters. Depth fifteen milli- 
meters, with a smooth oblique space in the bottom of the calix occupied by the 
tabule, fifteen millimeters in diameter. Number of lamelle seventy in the cir- 
cumference of a calix twenty-five millimeters in diameter, equal in size and 
slightly rounded at the margin, alternating below, rapidly sloping to the 
bottom of the calix where the short ones gradually terminate, the longer ones 
continue a short distance on the tabule and abruptly end, leaving a smooth, 
oblique space in the center of the calix, from six to ten millimeters in diameter. 
Fossette consists of aslight depression in the center of the calix, gets deeper 
and broader as it approaches the posterior side of the cup, but does not extend 
on the side of the calix. Exterior with numerous shallow annulations and 
wrinkles caused by intermittent growth. 


177, CONTRIBUTION TO 


Found in the Upper Devonian (Hamilton group) at Charlestown and at the 


different cement quarries throughout Clark county, Indiana. Now in the col- 
lection of the author. 


ZAPHRENTIS ALBACORNIS, N. Sp. 


Prate 52. Frias. 6, 7. 


Corallum, simple, turbinate, straight or regularly curved. Acute at the 
point of attachment. Rapidly expanding in diameter to the calix. Height 
from thirty to fifty millimeters. Calix oblique, broadly campanulate, thirty 
millimeters in diameter. Depth twenty millimeters. Number of lamelle one 
hundred, in the circumference of a calix thirty millimeters in diameter, some- 
what rounded and slightly unequal in size at the margin, alternating below, 
gradually sloping to the bottom of the calix, where the short ones gradually 
terminate, the longer ones continue to within two millimeters of the center of 
the calix and abruptly end, leaving a smooth, convex space in the bottom of the 
calix, four millimeters in diameter. Exterior comparatively smooth, a few 
shallow, distant annulations and wrinkles, caused by intermittent growth. 
Fossette consists of a shallow depression at the anterior margin of the convex 
space in the bottom of the cup, but does not extend on the side of the calix. 


Found in the Upper Devonian (Hamilton group) at Charlestown, and at 
the different cement quarries in Clark county, Indiana. Now in the collection 
of the author. 


ZAPHRENTIS COMPRESSA. Milne Edwards. 


Piate 52. Fies. 8, 9, 10, 11. 


Zaphrentis Compressa, Milne Edwards, Histoire Naturelle Des Coralliaires, page 342, plate 
61, figures 3 a, 3 b, 1860. 


Zaphrentis lanceolata, Worthen, Geological Survey of Illinois, Volume VIII, page 76, 
plate 10, figures 4, 4a, 4 b, 1890. 

WortnHen’s Descrietion: Corallum small, pointed at the lower extremity, 
compressed, lanceolate widening regularly from the pointed extremity to the 
upper margin of the cup. Septal fossette well developed and ranged in direc- 
tion with the greatest diameter of the cup. Lamelle twenty-two to twenty- 
four, all reaching to the border of the septal fossette. 


Length of an average size specimen 13-16 inch; breadth across the great- 
est diameter of the cup 6-16 inch. The broadest specimen seen measured in 
length 10-16 inch, breadth of cup across its greatest diameter 9-16 inch, in the 
opposite direction 5-16. 


lee ene 


Ve ee ye eer ae en ee ee ee a 


seg Rn TE pee 


INDIANA PALAONTOLOGY. 178, 


Found in the Warsaw division of the St. Louis group (sub-carb.) at Sper- 
gen Hill, Washington county, and at Georgetown, Floyd county, and at Lanes- 
ville, Harrison county, Indiana. The specimens illustrated are in my collection. 


ZAPHRENTIS CASSEDAYI. Milne Edwards. 


Prate 52. Fries. 12, 18, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18. 


Zaphrentis Cassedayi, Milne Edwards, Histoire Naturelle Des Coralliaires, page 341, plate 
61, figure 2 a,2b,2¢./56 0 

Zaphrentis Caleariformis, Hall, Thirty-fifth Annual Report of the New York State Museum 
of Natural History, p 33, 1882. 

Zaphrentis Caleariformis, Hall, Indiana Geological Report, page 293, plate 21, figures 10, 

_11, 1882. 

Zaphrentis Caleariformis, Hall, Worthen, Geological Survey, Illinois, volume VIII, page 
74, plate 10, figures 2, 2 a, 1890. 

Zaphrentis Spergenensis, Worthen, Geological Survey of Illinois, volume VIII, page 77, 
plate 10, figures 8, 8 a, 1890. : 

Zaphrentis Ulrichi, Worthen, Geological Survey of Illinois, volume VIII, page 76, plate 
10, figures 10, 10 a, 1890. 

Hatt’s Description: Corallum simple, narrowly turbinate, regularly 
curved, diameter of calices in individuals of the same height varying from ten 
to fifteen millimeters. Height twenty-five millimeters. Exterior with frequent 
undulations and low rounded annulations. Fossette narrow, very deep, com- 
mencing at the center and continuing to the posterior margin, the lamellz ex- 
tends to the margin, coalescing and forming vertical walls. Number of lamelle 
fifty, alternating in size, at a distance of two millimeters from the margin, 
the smaller lamellz coalesce with the others. 


Found in the Warsaw division of the St. Louis group (sub-carb.) at Sper- 
gen Hill, Washington county, and at Georgetown, Floyd county, and at Lanes- 
ville, Harrison county, Indiana. The specimens illustrated are in my collection, 


ZAPHRENTIS ALVEOLATUS, N. Sp. 


Pirate 53. Fies. 1, 2. 


Corallum simple, turbinate, or elongate turbinate, straight or regularly 
curved, or distorted. Acute at the point ofattachment. Gradually, or in some 
examples rapidly increasing in diameter to the calix. Height varying in differ- 
ent individuals, from fifty to one hundred millimeters. Calix broad, deep, 
forty-five millimeters in diameter. Tabule funnel-shaped. Number of lamelle 
one hundred and ten, in the circumference of a cup forty-five millimeters in di- 
ameter, slightly unequal in size at the margin, alternating below, the short ones 
terminate before reaching the bottom of the calix, the longer ones continue to 
the margin of the smooth space in the bottom of the calix, and abruptly termi- 


179. CONTRIBUTION ‘PO 


nate, leaving a broad, deep concave space in the bottom of the cup, twenty 
millimeters in diameter. Fossette consists of a deep depression at the margin 
of the concave area, and continues as a deep groove to the anterior margin. 


Found in the Upper Devonian (Hamilton group) in the strippings above 
the cement rock throughout Clark county, Indiana. Now in the collection of 
the author. 


ZAPHRENTIS BALULI, E,. & Ho. 


PuaTe 58. Fies. 8, 4. 


Corallum simple, turbinate, or elongate turbinate. Acute at the point of 
attachment, rapidly expanding in diameter to the calix. Height varying in 
different individuals from sixty to déne hundred millimeters or more. Calix 
broad, bell-shaped, forty millimeters indiameter. Depth twenty-five millimet- 
ers. Tabul flat or slightly depressed in the center of the cup, twenty-five mil- 
limeters in diameter. Number of lamelle one hundred and six in the circum- 
ference of a calix forty millimeters in diameter, sharp and unequal in size at the 
margin, alternating below, rapidly slope to the bottom of the calix, and extend 
a short distance on the tabule, where the short ones abruptly terminate, the 
longer ones continue to within seven or eight millimeters of the center of the 
calix, and abruptly end, leaving a flat, smooth space in the center of the calix 
fifteen millimeters in diameter. Fossette deep and broad, situated at the mar- 
gin of the smooth space in the bottom of the cup, and continues to the anterior 
margin. The exterior is usually rough, with numerous rough wrinkles and 
strong annulations of growth. 


Found in the Upper Devonian (Hamilton group) near Charlestown, and in 
the strippings above the different cement quarries, throughout Clark county, 
Indiana. Now in my collection. 


ZAPHRENTIS INTORTUS, N. Sp. 


Prate 58. Fries. 5, 6. 


Corallum simple, turbinate, straight, or regularly curved. Acute at the 
point of attachment, regularly expanding in diameter to the calix. Height 
varying in different examples, from fifty to one hundred and twenty millimeters, 
or slightly more in matured specimens. Calix broadly campanulate, sixty mil- 
limeters in diameter. Tabule oblique, thin and closely arranged, twenty-five 
millimeters in diameter. Number of lamelle one hundred and twenty-eight, 
in the circumference of a calix sixty millimeters in diameter, sharp and unequal 
in size at the margin, alternating below, the shorter ones continue to the tab- 


TIO a EISEN, AEE EO I SEE, SEY, eR PEs cpg ep a eo CL, ee oR 


Ca 5 
wr 


Biss 


INDIANA PALASONTOLOGY. 180. 


ule and gradually disappear, the longer ones continue on the tabulez to the cen- 
ter of the calix; for the last three or four millimeters they become flexuous, 
and in some cups they fasciculate, and sometimes the ends of the lamellz is 
broken up and gives to the bottom of the cup a rugose appearance. Fossette 
consists of a broad, deep depression at the margin of the tabule, but gradu- 
ally disappears before reaching the margin of the calix, position on the long- 
est side of the curviture of the coral. 

Found in the Upper Devonian (Hamilton group) near Charlestown, and in 
the strippings above the cement rock at the different cement quarries through- 
out Clark county, Indiana. Now in the collection of the author. 


HELIOPHYLLUM PARVULUM. N. Sp. 


PrateE 53. Fies. 7, 8, 9: 


Corallum simple, turbinate, straight or regularly curved, with a broad scar 
at the point of attachment. Height varying in different examples from fifteen 
to thirty millimeters. Exterior frequently very rugged with rough irregular 
annulations, and deep constrictions, and rough wrinkles, caused by intermit- 
“tent growth. Calix in some examples badly constricted, in some others broad- 
dy bell-shaped. Diameter from twenty to thirty millimeters. Depth fifteen 
millimeters, an oblique convex space in the bottom of the calix occupied by the 
‘tabulz, from ten to fifteen millimeters in diameter. Number of lamell, eighty 
in the circumference of a calix, twenty-five millimeters in diameter, sharp and 
unequal in size at the margin, alternating below, gradually, or in some exam- 
ples rapidly sloping to the bottom of the calix, where the short ones gradually 
disappear, the longer ones continue to within three or four millimeters of the 
center, and abruptly ends, leaving a smooth concave space in the bottom of the 


-ealix, from six to eight millimeters in diameter. Fossette consists of a slight 


depression at the margin of the tabule, but gradually disappears before reach- 
ing the anterior margin. Denticulations moderately fine, twelve in the space 
-of eight millimeters. 


Found in the Upper Devonian (Hamilton group) at Charlestown, and at 


_the different cement quarries, throughout Clark county, Indiana. Now in the 


-eollection of the author. 


ARACHNOCRINUS EXTENSUS, W.&Sp., Rowley. 


Pirate 54. Fie. 1. 


The specimen we have figured, although somewhat weathered, preserves 
‘the arms to near their distal ends. The whole lies upon a slab with the calyx 
‘imbedded in the matrix. 


18). CONTRIBUTION 7 


We doubt if A. extensus is specifically distinct from A. bulbosus, but as 
our specimen is, doubtless, the form described by W. & Sp., we refer it to their 
species. 

The arms are massive and composed of moderately thick joints, the rays 
tapering but little to their extremeties. 

The left posterior ray is preserved to the fifth brachial which is not a bifur- 
cating plate. The right posterior ray divides on the third brachial, so also the 
right anterior, while the left anterior bifurcates on the second brachial, the an- 
terior itself dividing on the thirteenth. Wachsmuth & Springer in their diag- 
nosis of this species assert that all the arms bifurcate on the second brachial, 
except the anterior ray which divides on the fourteenth or fifteenth plate. As 
to the number of times the rays branch, there seems to be nothing fixed. It ap- 
pears to be from five to six. The differences we have pointed out are of little 
consequence. 

_ The arm groove is scarcely half the width of the ray. 

The calyx plates are but moderately thick, the articular facet occupying 
the greater part of the upper edge of the radial. 

The fossil figured came from the Upper Helderberg group, at the Falls of 
the Ohio, the horizon, doubtless, of W. & Sp.’s type, though they give ‘“‘Hamil- 
ton group below Hydraulic beds’’ (Encrinal Limestone, Hall). 

Collection of G. K. Greene. 


MEGISTOCRINUS CIRCULUS?, Rowley. 


Puate 54. Fiaes. 2, 8, 4. 


This large crinoid agrees well with the above species in some respects, but 
differs quite as much in others. 

It is a very depressed form but with a shallow concavity extending scarcely 
beyond the first radials. 

The ventral disk is but little convex, the calyx contracted below the arm 
bases and all the calyx plates distinctly concave, the plate edges being ridges. 
The anterior and two posterior rays have four arm bases each while the two lat- 
eral have but two (each). There are ten spines on the vault, one located cen- 
trally and one above each ray while a smaller one is at the junction of two am- 
bulacral ridges, This would give twelve but there is one each wanting on the 
anterior and left posterior rays. The surface of the ventral-plates and, doubt- 
less, so of the calyx plates, is granulose. 

The base of the ventral tube is of moderate size. The periphery has a 
pinched appearance between the arm bases. 

The specimen comes from the Hamilton group at Isaac Perry’s farm, near 
Slate Cut, Clark county, Indiana. Collection of G. K. Greene. 


alin i rat il ala 
i 


5a ELS SIE LEMIRE SNS NS IE Pm 


A ee 
- - 


oy et . P 


INDIANA PALASONTOLOGY. 182. 


MEGISTOCRINUS SPINOSULUS, Lyon, Rowley. 


Puate 54. Fies. 5, 6. 


Our specimen is much depressed, the ventral disk being scarcely convex, 
but little more than half of it preserved. The basals and first radials are in- 
volved in a shallow concavity and without nodes, while the rest of the calyx 
plates below the distichals have strong central spines. 


_ The vault appears to have had six nodes or spines but from the weathered 
condition of this part of the fossil, the statement can not be positively made. 


- Some specimens in our hands, however, have longer ventral than dorsal 
spines and the smaller the specimen the more convex the vault. See plate 32, 
figure 14for M. rugosus. This species has very strong spines on the ventral 
surface, while the dorsal plates above the first radials are only strongly convex 
or warty. Even the smooth-plated species of Megistocrinus generally have 
ventral spines, some times extravagant ones. See plate 24, figures 2, 3, 4. 
Again, the tendency in the flat-plated species in large individuals is to have 
concave calyx plates. See figures 3 and 4 on the accompanying plate. 


The specimen figured is from the Upper Helderberg limestone at the Falls of 
the Ohio. Collection of G. K. Greene. 


STEREOCRINUS? INDIANENSIS, M.&G., Rowley. 


Prate 54. Fies. 7, 8. 


- 


The two specimens figured on our plate represent the form for which 
Miller & Gurley proposed the above name. 


- It is doubtful whether this species belongs to the genus Stereocrinus. Itis 


true it possesses but one costal but the specimen, figure 8, on our plate, has 
a greater number of distichals to the calyx periphery. 


The basal plates are three in number and extend beyond the column base. 
The first radials are hexagonal and the largest plates in the calyx. The second 
radial or costal is pentagonal, of much smaller size and axillary. 


Resting on each bifureating costal are double rows of distichals, eight or 
more to the row in the imperfect dorsal cups figured, against ¢o mentioned by 
Wachsmuth & Springer in their diagnosis of the genus. 


The first’ interradial (interbrachial) is quite as large as the first radial, 
eleven sided and longer than broad. 


Three much smaller plates rest on the upper edges of this first interradial 
and above these are others but they can not be made out on our specimens. 


183. CONTRIBUTION: TO 


The entire dorsal cup as preserved is flat or even concave. The basal 
plates on figure 7 occupy a shallow concavity while the rest of the calyx is flat. 


Starting near the baso-radial suture a strong rounded ridge traverses the 
radial plates to the periphery, bifurcating on the costals and growing stronger: 
outward. 


The number and shape of the interdistichal plates can not be determined, 
but such plates are present. 


The column was not large, but round, with a pentagonal canal. 


From the smaller specimen it would seem that the arms leave the calyx 
horizontally, the interbrachials between the radial ridges turning up a little. 


The ventral disk, arms and anal tube unknown. 


The specimen No. 7 came from the Hamilton group at Speed’s Quarry, 
Clark county, Indiana, and No. 8, is from the Upper Helderberg group at the 
Falls of the Ohio. Collection of G. K. Greene. 


GENN XZOCRINUS SIMULANS, N. Sp., (Rowley). 


Prats 54. Hies,. 9. 10> 11, 


This species is founded on three calyces, more or less imperfect above. 

In the greater prominence of the basal plates our species resembles Aoro- 
Crinus. 

The radial series is traversed by a rounded ridge that bifurcates on the ax- 
illary plates and passes to the arm bases. Two of these radial ridges fork at. 
the middle of the first radial and meet the basal expansion as an inverted v. 


The calicular areas between these ridges are flat, relieved only by small 
central nodes from which radiate to adjoining plates, low fine ridges, as in the 
drawings. 

Each plate of the interbrachial series has this delicate central tubercle with 
the small radiating ridges. 

The column is medium and round. Columnar canal small and pentagonal. 
The basal plates are three, expanding outward as in Aorocrinus, into a cleft 
rim. Twoof the basal expansions are slightly bilobed. The first radial is 
about as broad as long and hexagonal, its length being as great as both the 
second and third radials. The second radial is hexagonal and a little broader 
than long. The third radial is pentagonal and wider than long. The second 
distichal is an axillary plate, the second palmer of one division being also a bi- 
furcating plate and making thirty arms in all. 


The lowest interbrachial is hexagonal, a little larger than the second radial 


PO Se a OS Te ae 


—- a ea 


Bia ue 


PT ae ie eS eee oe. AP re poy, ee ee a ee ee a ae ee ee 


INDIANA PALAONTOLOGY. 184. 


and a little wider than long. Above this plate are two hexagonal plates. Three 
smaller plates are above the two, and three still smaller ones above the latter, 
three very small ones finishing out the series, or twelve in all. There are two 
small interdistichal plates, the one above the other. 


Ventral disk and arms unknown. 
Hamilton group, Charlestown, Ind. Collection of G. K. Greene. 


BOTRYOCRINUS AMERICANUS. N.Sp., (Rowley). 


Prats 54. Fries. 12, 13, 14. 


The infra-basals are five in number, rather large, quadrangular convex and 
spread out horizontally to more than half the width of the calyx. There isa 
shallow excavation for the reception of the column. The columnar canal is 
pentagonal. 


The basals are five in number, width ae length equal, sharply convex or 
wart-like, the two posterior being seven sided, the remaining three, six sided. 
The wart-like nodes on these plates are not central but near the bottom of the 


plate giving the calyx, in a basal view, a pentagonal outline. The anterior 


and the adjoining lateral radials are pentagonal, wider than long and with 
scars for arm attachment more than half their width. These three plates are 
most protuberant at the middle of the scar. The two posterior radials are five 
sided but somewhat smaller in size. Lying between the two posterior basals 
but not reaching the infra-basals, is a quadrangular interradial plate, a little 
larger than an infra-basal, hardly convex. Above and to the left of this 
plate is another and larger interadial, five sided and with its top suture ona 
line with the top of the radials. This plate rests between a basal, the first in- 
terradial, and two radials. Plates all rather thick. Shallow pits mark the 
junction of sutures. Ventral parts and arms unknown. This fossil agrees 
with the Silurian genus Botryocrinus in the number and arrangement of its 
plates, but, despite the presence of two interradials, the body is quite symmet- 
rical in shape. Botryocrinus has previously been found only in the Silurian of 
Europe. 


From the Hamilton group near Charlestown, Ind. Collection of G. K. 
Greene. 


Bes Note—In my correspondence with Mr. Springer. in regard to the geological position of his 
species, Arachnoerinus extensus, he requests me to say that he is satisfied that his specimen is 
from the Upper Helderberg group, at the Falls of the Ohio, and that Dr. Wachsmuth was misled 
by the collector from whom he obtained his specimen. 


INDIANA PALASONTOLOGY. 185, 


HELIOPHYLLUM sSULCATUM. 


Pirate 55. Fras. 1, 2, 3, 4,5, 6. 


Caninia Suleata D’orbigny. . Prodr. d, Paleontology, T. 1, P. 105, 1850. 

Aulacophyllum Suleatum, E. & H. Polypiers Fossiles, des Terr. Palwoz., page 355, plate 6, 
figure 2, 1851. : 

Aulaeophyllum Suleatum, Hall. Indiana Geological Survey, Page, 279, Plate 17, Figures 7 
to 10, 1882. 

Corallum simple, turbinate, or elongate turbinate, acute at the point of at- 
tachment. Gradually enlargingin diameter tothecalyx. Height of the longest 
example seven inches. Calix oblique, three inches in diameter. Depth forty- 
five millimeters. Number of lamelle, one hundred and seventy, very fine and 
equal in size at the margin, alternating below, gradually sloping to the bottom 
of the calix where the short ones terminate, the longer ones continue, coalescing 
and fasciculating and abruptly end before reaching the center of the calix, 
leaving a smooth depressed oblique space in the bottom of the cup, ten millime- 
ters wide and twenty-five millimeters long. Denticulations are very fine, and 
can only be seen in places where the lamelle has been protected from weather- 
ing. Fossette conspicuous, consists of a deep depression at the margin of the 
smooth space in the bottom of the calix, and continues as a deep broad groove 
to the anterior margin of the cup, when the long smooth space in the bottom of 
the calix is absent, by decay or otherwise it makes the fossette appear like one 
long deep groove, extending almost the entire diameter of the corallum. 


Found in the Middle Devonian(Upper Helderberg group) at the Falls of the 
Ohio. All the specimens illustrated are in my collection. 


HELIOP HAY LLUM "GRA DA TU My - N.oSp. 


IPEADH OOe. phIGss le 


Corallum composite, rapidly increasing by calicular gemmation. Stems 
growing loose, never in contact for any distance. Corallites are deeply con- 
stricted, somewhat regularly, giving them the appearance of rough circular 
swellings, or strong rounded annulations. Each cup puts forth four or five 
buds, they again bud and a repetition of gemmation is often repeated. Buds 
at the margin of the parent cup have a diameter of five millimeters, gradually 
enlarging to the calix. Height from one cup to another varies in the 
same corallum from twenty to forty millimeters. Diameter of the calix 
ten to fifteen millimeters. Depth five to eight millimeters. A smooth 
convex space in the bottom of the calix, occupied by the tabule, four 
millimeters in diameter. Number of lamelle fifty in the circumference of a ca- 
lix ten millimeters in diameter, equal in size at the margin, alternating below, 


186. CONTRIBUTION. TO 


abruptly slope to the bottom of the calix, where the short ones gradually disap- 
pear, the longer ones continue to the smooth convex space and abruptly termi- 
nate. Denticulations fine, ten in the space of five millimeters. Fossette con- 
sists of a slight depression at the margin of the. smooth convex space in the 
bottom of the calix and extends to the margin of the cup; position variable. 

Found in the Lower Devonian (Corniferous group) atthe Falls of the Ohio. 
Now in the collection of the author. 


BAVOSLL BS DOU LS vl a Eh Neel S.  INS bn. 


PEA oO Ge. TGS oe 


Corallum composed of a thin convex disk. With a thin wrinkled epithecal 
crust on the lower side. Tubes polygonal, unequal in size, from one to three mil- 
limeters in diameter. Tube walls decorated with numerous longitudinal rows 
of spines. Pores large, round from two to three rows on a side. Tabule flat or 
slightly oblique, in some places closely arranged, in other places more distant 
apart. When the surface of the corallum is weathered the tubes have the ap- 
pearance of being quadrangular or pentagonal in outline, and where the dia- 
phragms come to the surface they appear pitted in the angles of the tubes as 
seen in Favosites favosus. 

Found in the Upper Silurian (Niagara group) at the Work House Quarry, 
on Beargrass Creek, near Louisville, Ky. Now in the collection of the author. 


ZAPUAREN TIS: SUBCENTRAL LS N. Sp; 


Prate 66. Fries. 3, 4, 5. 


Corallum simple, turbinate, straight or slightly curved. Acute at the point 
of attachment. Height twenty-five millimeters. Gradually enlarging in diam- 
eter to the calix. Exterior with numerous shallow annulations and wrinkles, 
caused by intermittent growth. Calix rounded, somewhat campanulate, twenty 
millimeters in diameter. Depth ten millimeters. Number of lamelle fifty-two, 
in the circumference of a calix twenty millimeters in diameter, sharp and une- 
qual in size at the margin, alternating below, the short ones reach to the bottom 
of the calix and terminate, the longer ones continue to within one and a half 
millimeters of the center and abruptly end, leaving a smooth, oblique, concave 
space in the center of the calix three millimeters in diameter. Fossette con- 
sists of a deep groove, commencing at the margin of the smooth oblique space, 
and continues to the posterior margin. 

Found in the Upper Devonian (Hamilton group) at Speed’s Quarries, Clark 
county, Indiana. Now in the collection of the author. 


INDIANA PALAAONTOLOGY. 187. 


ZAPHRENTIS CLINA TUS, N--Sp: 


Pirate 56. Fies. 6, 7, 8, 9. 


Corallum simple, rather small, compressed, turbinate, regularly curved. 
Acute at the point of attachment. Height from ten -to twenty millimeters. 
Calix oblique, from ten to fifteen millimeters in diameter. Depth five millime- 
ters. A flat space in the bottom of the calix, occupied by the tabule, five mil- 
limeters in diameter. Number of lamelle sixty-six in the circumference of a 
calix, twenty millimeters in diameter, unequal in size at the margin, alternat- 
ing below, gradually sloping to the bottom of the calix, where the short ones 
terminate, the longer ones continue to within two millimeters of the center of 
the calix and abruptly end, leaving a smooth concave space four millimeters 
in diameter. Fossette consists of a deep depression in the center of the calix, 
and eontinues to the posterior margin. Exterior with moderately fine longi- 
tudinal stria, ten in the space of five millimeters. Surface comparatively 
smooth. 

Found in the Warsaw division of the St. Louis group (Sub-carboniferous) 
at Edwardsville, Indiana. Now in the collection of the author. 


CYATHARZONIA VENUS 2 Ay. 


Prare 56; Fres.: 30; 11, 135-18;:14; 


Cyathaxonia compressa, G. K. Greene, Contribution to Indiana Paleontology. Part 2, page 9, 
plate 4, figures 14, 15, 16, 17, Januarry, 1899. 


Cyathaxoia, compressa, Thompson, in a paper on some new species of Corals, read before 
the Philosophical Society of Glasgow, Scotland, December 19, 1877. 


ACTINOCRINUS MULTIRAMOSUS, Var. Altidorsatus, N. Var. 
(Rowley) 


Prare $i.” Fics: 1,2. 


The dorsal cup of this crinoid is hardly as wide as high and all the plates 
are strongly nodose. Instead of radiating ridges, tne top of each node is oc- 
cupied by a cross lunulate depression. A low, delicate, rounded ridge passes 
from plate to plate in the radial series. The arms apparently spring from 
small distichals resting upon the second costals; in other words the arms are 
free above the first distichals. There are three interbrachials to the interra- 
dial series. 

The anal interradials as far as can be made out are one, three and proba- 


188. COIN Ara ClLON gO 


bly three. Shortly after becoming free, one arm bifurcates making six arms 
to the series or thirty in all, perhaps. At half their height the arms bifurcate 
again, The basal plates forma rim about the column, the three upper joints 
of which are strongly ridged. 


The ventral disk is quite as deep as the dorsal cup and the plates are con- 
spicuously nodose, but without ornamentation. 


The ventral tube, three-fourths of an inch of which is preserved on the 
type specimen, is hardly strong with nodose and spinose plates. The pinules 
are rather long. 


The whole body is somewhat flattened or crushed in at the anal interra- 
dius in the calyx and extending along the vault nearly to the anal tube base. 


We should be glad to place this crinoid under one or the other of Wachs- 
muth & Springer’s species A. multiramosus or A. magnificus, but it differs 
from both in so many details that we are constrained to erect a new variety for 
its reception. First, it differs from both in plate ornamentation; second, from 
A. multiramosus in the much greater height of the ventral disk, that of the 
latter species being from one-fourth to one-third the height of the calyx, while 
in our species it is fully as high as the dorsal cup. From A. magnificus it dif- 
fers in its shallower dorsal cup and the basal rim wanting in the latter species. 
From both species it differs in the much greater height of the free arm bifur- 
cation. 


With both, it agrees in the number of arms and lack of lobed character of 
arm bases. 


This beautiful crinoid comes from the Keokuk Limestone of Washington, 
county, Ind., and belongs to the cabinet of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


BATOCRINUS SPERGENENSIS, Miller, Rowley. 


PuatE 57. Fiaes. 38, 4. 


The specimen we have figured is not quite so much depressed as Miller’s 
type but preserves the plate ornamentation which consists of low irregularly 
arranged elevations and depressions hardly noticeable to the eye, presenting a 
somewhat pitted appearance. The outer edges of the basal plates are raised 
into a rounded ring-like elevation. 


The ventral disk is composed of numerous convex plates. 
The proboscis is not strong and excentrically located. 


INDIANA PALASCONTOLOGY. 189. 


There are four arm bases to the ray or twenty arms in all. 


A delicate thread-like elevation traverses the radial series, bifurcating on 
the second costal and again on the second distichal. A slight basal concavity 
involves the plates to the top of the radials (first radials). 


The specimen is from the Warsaw Limestone of Edwardsville, Ind., and is 
; the property of Mr. G. K. Greene. Fi 


TRICZLOCRINUS WOODMANITI? M.&W., Rowley. 


Puiate 57. Fies. 5, 6, 7, 8. 


There is some doubt of.the correctness of this reference, but it is the same 
form referred to that species by Etheridge & Carpenter in the ‘‘Catalogue of 
the Blastoidea in the British Museum,’’ plate XIX, figures 138, 14, 15, 16. 


There is no doubt that this form is Roemer’s 7°. obliguatus and that a well 
preserved specimen of that form, as indicated by the great plates occasionally 
found would be as large as Meek & Worthen’s type of 7. woodmani, but T. ob- 
liquatus described from detached plates alone must give way to M. & W.’s 
species. In our opinion Etheridge & Carpenter’s 7. meeki is a young individ- 
ual of the form we have here figured, and the species is not valid. 


Our figure 9 is a medium size specimen of 7ricelocrinus (Metablastus) bi- 
pyramidalis from the type locality for comparison with 7. woodmani. It is 
quite evident that the forms can not be separated generically. The three basal 
depressions are present on both forms and the only apparent difference is in 
the expansion of body below the ambulacral tips. Large, well preserved speci- 
mens of Metablastus? wortheni differ not more from bipyramidalis than the 
latter from woodmani. | 


Keyes has figured on plate XVIII of the ‘‘Missouri Geological Survey,” 
volume IV, two adult forms from Booneville, which he identifies as VW. worth- 
enti and M. bipyramidalis. No collector who has seen a set of the Boonville 
fossils can separate the forms, as there are scarcely any two of them with the 
same ambulacral length and, moreover, all the young specimens are elongate 
and not unlike VW. lineatus of the Burlington. Unless /ineatus is sufficiently 
distinct, MWetablastus will have to be abandoned. 


Such forms as J7roostocrinus nitidulus and Tricelocrinus varsouviensis 
are but the young of bipyramidalis, wortheni or woodmani. 


Meek & Worthen’s Z7ricelocrinus obliquatus as figured in the VII volume, 


190. CONTRIBUTION TO 


Illinois Geological Survey, plate 31, is an undersized 7. woodmani, the form 
described by Etheridge & Carpenter as 7. meeki. 

The figures of our specimens will give an idea of the size and proportion of 
the fossil. The greatest width of the fossil is at the distal ends of the ambu- 
lacra. 

The three basal hollows give a strong triangular appearance to the bot- 
tom. The stem base is triangular also. The basal plates are quite large and 
can be plainly seen on a side view of the fossil. 


The horizon of our specimen is Warsaw Limestone, and the locality Green- 
ville, Ind. Collection of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


PENTREMITES KONINCKANUS, Hall, Rowley. 


Prater 57. Bies. 10; 11 (x 2). 


Our specimen shows a small radial plate between one of the fork pieces and the 
basals. The deformity is not due to a break in the fork piece, but, as figure 10 
shows, a plate inserted, perhaps from abnormal growth as the fossil is flattened 
in that direction. It is a very interesting feature to say the least. 

The locality is Lanesville, Ind., Warsaw group. Collection of Mr. G. K. 
Greene. 


NUCLEOCRINUS ANGULARIS, Lyon, Rowley. 


PrAtre 67, Fie. 72 


The specimen figured seems to have an abortive sixth radial or fork piece, 
much narrower than the other five and without a groove for the reception of 
an ambulacrum. 


The interradial area in which the ridge is inserted is somewhat wider than 
the three normal areas, about the same width, in fact, as the anal interradius. 

Such a feature as we have here illustrated, while it is occasionally observed 
in true Pentremites and other sub-carboniferous blastoids, is rare in Nucleo- 
crinus. 

Hamilton group, Speed’s Cement Quarry, Clark county, Ind. Collection 
of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


INDIANA PALASONTOLOGY. 191. 


NUCLEOCRINUS IMITATOR, Rowley. 


PrAtTe 57.; Fras. 13, 14,15. 


This very interesting blastoid was figured and described in, No. 9 of 
this series of bulletins. Herewith we figure another specimen showing well the 
features of the species. The chief characters of JV. imitator are its greater 
width than depth, concave basal region; narrow, depressed interradial sinuses 
and boat-shaped elevations about the ambulacra. The ambulacra are narrow 
and the ventral region a little concave. 

Specimens of this species in a casual way strongly remind one of Orbitre- 
mites norwood. 

The distal ends of the ambulacra are received into little foot-like folds that 
project obliquely outward. 

‘ Hamilton group, Speed’s Cement Quarry, Clark county, Ind. Collection 
of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


DOLATOCRINUS EXCAVATUS, W. & Sp., Rowley. 


Prare 6%, ~ ies: 36,17, 18; 


Figure 16 is a specimen that has but one costal in one of the radial rays. 
It will be observed that while this one costal is somewhat longer than the 
second costal, in the other four rays it is not as deep as both costals in those 
rays, but the distichals are a little larger. 

Figure 17 is a somewhat larger specimen with unbroken radial ridges and 
two rays with single costals, perhaps three rays. A disarrangement of plates 
about the latter ray leaves us in doubt as to whether it has two or three plates 
in the first series. If three, then the two costals have much less depth than in 
the two rays that do have three primary plates. 


We have seen other specimens of this same species with but two plates in 
the first radial series and yet species have been founded upon characters of less 
importance. 

In a great series of specimens of this species with the tendency to reduce 
the number of primary radials, doubtless specimens can be found with buta 
single costal to each of the five rays. Could such specimens belong-+o Stereo- 
erinus? 


Number 18 has a small but distinct piece lying between the second costal 


192. CONTRIBUTION TO 


and the superimposed distichal. The sutures about this little plate are very 
distinct. It would be idle to conjecture the possible origin of this little plate, 
and yet, one can’t help thinking it was due to an injury, despite the fact the 
body gives no evidence of this. 

All three of the specimens of the above species here figured are from the 
Upper Helderberg group, Falls of the Ohio. Collection of Mr. G. K. Greene. 


NUCLEOCRINUS LUCINA, Hall, Rowley. 


PuatE 57. Fries. 19, 20. 


The little blastoid here figured seems to belong to the above species. It is 
longer than wide and distinctly lobed. The interradial sulcus is shallow, but 
broader than the raised ambulacral area, from the middle of the body to the 
base. The base is convex and the distal ends of the ambulacra are received 
into little feet-like projections that are directed outward. The ornamentation 
of the narrow, elongate areas bordering the ambulacra are rather strong raised 
lines Cirected a little obliquely downward. The sulci are traversed longitudi- 
nally by smaller lines. 

The summit is not unlike that of other Nucleocrini. 

Hamilton group, Speed’s Cement Quarry, Clark county, Ind. Collection 
of G. K. Greene. 


A REVIEW OF DR. G. HAMBACH’S 


“Revision of the Blastoideae, with a Proposed New Classification and Description 


of New Species.” 


BY R. R. ROWLEY. 


After stating a necessity for a revision of the Blastoidew, growing out of the accumulation 
of new material, principally his own collection, Dr. Hambach proceeds to inform us that his re- 
vision is based mainly upon three forms, namely: Pentremites sulcatus, florealis and conoideus, 


INDIANA PALASONTOLOGY. 193. 


not because of their great abundance, but from the excellent preservation of the first named 
species. ‘I'o strengthen this foundation he adds, ‘‘I think it is not unreasonable to suppose that 
similar conditions in structure must have existed in other species belonging to this family.’ 

With such a statement in the beginning and a source so narrow from which to draw the in- 
formation to be used in the diagnosis of a family of organisms, including several genera and 
many species, the reviewer could hardly hope the acceptance of his new classification. 

A worse mistake was made by the author when, without excuse, he set aside valid generi¢ 
names and substituted therefor new names of his own creation, thus ignoring the law of priority. 
Objectionable as blastoid names ending in crinus certainly are, yet who has the authority to 
change them? We really expeeted the Doctor to make all generic endings blastus but he seemed 
to have forgotten his own plans and retained a few ites. 

He mentions no type species under his new genera and he did wisely, from the heterogene- 
ous character of the species grouped under the new generic names. 

In speaking of the construction of the body of a Pentremite, and we suppose it is to answer 
for all blastoids, he says it is a most perfect dicyclical body and then calls the reader’s attention 
to the fact that he does not use the word dicyclical in the same sense as in Crinoidew. Why 
then use it at all since its employment can not be otherwise than misleading? His conception of 
the growth of the two circles of pieces is a very curious one and at the same time very doubtful. 


It is equally doubtfal that any but au abnormal specimen ever has five basal plates. 


It is difficult to understand why the base portion of the deltoid piece is the most important 
part of the calyx and the writer does not tell us why. 


That the central lancet canal and the pentagonal ring of which it forms a part, served as a 
lodgement for the nervous system admits of doubt, as well as the so called genital openings of 


this author. Until such a time as proof is given that these ventral openings were for the passage 
of ova, we shall continue to speak of them as spiracles. 

Regarding the fork pieces as radials, the deltoids are located interradially and the blastoid 
is monocyclic. 

There is absolutely no excuse for insisting that the outer surface of the ambulacrum ‘‘is 
covered by an organic and elastic integument.’’ If the peculiarly ornamental character of the 
surface of the ambulacrum were an integument, there is no reason why it could not be readily 
removed, but such is not the case and why not conceive that the substance of the ambulacrum is 
thrown into minute elevations and depressions of peculiar pattern to serve some useful purpose 
to the animal? Doubtless the position that Dr. Hambach has taken on the ventral covering in 
Pentremites gives him a good excuse to hold ontenaciously to his ‘‘zig-zag plicated integument’’ 
theory, thereby obtaining scales with which to form the ‘‘cone-shaped body observed on the 
summit of many species.’’ 

After illustrating the ventral tube of Pentremites conoideus, he makes the following statement: 
“To my knowledge it is the tirst time that such a body has been observed on a Blastoid,’”’ over. 
looking or ignoring the fact that the writer of this paper mentioned such an appendage on a 
specimen of Schizoblastus sayi in the October, 1900, number of The American Geologist, page 
247, and in the June, 1901, number of the same publication, we illustrated the specimen on plate 


194, CON TRIBU TION TO 


xxviii, figures 15 and 16, both papers antedating the learned professor’s publication by several 
years. 

Dr. F. A. Bather in ‘‘The Record of and Index to the Literature of Echinodermata’ for the 
year 1900, at the bottom of page 49, mentions our discovery of the blastoid anal tube. 

It seems to us that the figures on plate I of Dr. Hambach’s paper, show merely the results 
of injury to the ambulacra, just what one would expect to see in some specimens, but carrying 
no evidences of a flexible membrane. 

With a persistance that is remarkable and with almost all of the most accurate observers 
against him, the Doctor still denies the existence of a roof of small plates covering the central 
opening of Pentremites and allied forms, arguing that it ‘‘is only logical to suppose that, if nat- 
ure provided an opening it should remain open or that the covering is a flexible one and not 
formed by additional plates inserted into the openings as intimated by all authors who adopted 
the first statement of Shumard,”’ and yet in his diagnosis of the genus Olivanites, he says ‘‘Cen- 
ter of the summit closed by additional pieces’ (See page 49 of his paper). Did nature so far 
forget herself as to make a central summit opening in Nucleocrinus and then roof it over with a 
covering of plates? 

I have seen dozens of specimens of Nucleocrinus verneuili with tha ventral covering in place. 
In fact most of the specimens found at the Falls of the Ohio are in that condition as I infer from 
the material of Mr. G. K. Greene that has passed through my hands. Not vernewili alone, either, 
as 1 have seen the covering also on angularis, greenei and venustus. 


The statement that ‘‘every one disregards the fact that all casts of the interior of a calyx 
exhibit on the summit a cast of the summit opening’’ is a great mistake of the Doctor’s if he in- 
eludes Schizoblastus sayi in the statement and I am led to believe he does, since in his diagnosis 
of Cribroblastus he uses these words, ‘‘Central opening never closed except by ambulacral in- 
tegument.”’ 

There is little doubt that his vast collection is deficient in structural material outside of 
Pentremites or he would not commit himself to such a statement. 


I have collected hundreds of casts of sayi and a vast majority of them are specimens with a 
closed summit. 

Of my specimens of the same species preserving the test, and I have fifty or more from Lou- 
isiana alone, less than one tenth are without the ventral covering or roof of small plates over the 
central area that Dr. Hambach would leave uncovered in defference to nature. 


Of the rare species Lophoblastus inopinatus we have two specimens preserving the ventral 
covering, two of L. aplatus, one of L. marginulus and several among other species. 

In one specimen of Orophocrinus stelliformis in our eollection not only the ventral covering 
is in place but a roofing of small plates has extended down each ambulacrum, broken in more or 
less, in four of the ambulacra, but preserved to the distal end of the fifth. 

These coverings that we have seen are made up of small plates not foreign matter or ovulum- 
like bodies drifted into the orifice and mistaken for plates, for where the roofing extends over the 
ambulacrum there is a neatly arched canal beneath. 

That a pyramidal covering is occasionally found over the central orifice of Pentremites can 


LNDIANA PAR AONTOLROGY. ~ 495. 


not be doubted and its origin is not due to an elastic integument, even though the latter may be 
capable of a good deal of stretching. We have seen it on specimens of Pentremites godoni from 
Kentucky and Tennessee, and Etheridge and Carpenter figure a specimen of P. sulcatus showing 
a ventral covering on plate I,in the ‘‘Catalogue of the Blastoider.’’ These same authors on 
plates III and VI have drawings of specimens of Schizoblastus sayi, and on VI and VII of Orbitre- 
mites norwoodi showing closed summits. On plate XV of the same work are similar figures of 
Orophocrinus stelliformis. 

Meek and Worthen in the Fifth Illinois Report also figure the latter species with a ventral 
covering. 

Try as hard as Dr. Hambach and others have done to separate the Blastoids and Crinoids as 
far as possible, the fact is patent to the unbiased observer that they have many homologous 
parts. Both were stalked, both had basals, radials, interradials, covered ventral disks, (the 
latter reduced to a minimum in blastoids) pinule and arms, if the ambulacra of the Blastoides 
represent fecumbent arms. respiratory pores around the arm bases and an anal opening through the 
test or on the end of a proboscis. The Doctor may be in error when he says he believes organs simi- 
lar to the anal tube of Pentremites conoideus existed in all typical species, for we might rush to the 
same conclusion on beholding for the first time the proboscis of Actinocrincs. We imagine similar 
conditions will be found to occur in the genera of Blastoids. Some will have probosces and others 
mere openings through the test. 

It would be much safer to say, and we are willing to make the unqualified statement, that all 
blastoids in life had a ventral covering of small plates. 

Dr. Hambach’s statement that his hypothetical water vascular duct in a state of collapse has 
given rise to the assertion that there is an under lancet piece, and his further statement that “his 
much doubted tentacles, protruding through the poral openings’ have formed in their collapsed con- 
dition “‘the supplimentary poral pieces of Dr. Roemer or outer side plates of later authors” are not 
any nearer acceptance than they were years ago, for his present paper is little more than a rehash 
of the earlier one. 

To put beyond dispute the character of certain small tubes lying between the hydrospiric folds, 
our reviewer has actually found petrified ova in them. It only remains to establish beyond question 
the function of certain other vessels by the discovery of petrified water in the ducts. It is reasonable 
to suppose now that the little ovulum-like bodies that Dr. Hambach found resting in the central 
summit orifice were not drifted in by the water but were actually fresh laid eggs. 

After reviewing the earlier classification and pointing out its inadequacy to present need in view 
of the increased knowledze of the subject and the better understanding of the relationship of the 
parts, the author proposes a new classification based upon the summit openings, development of the 
deltoids and the aspect of the outer surface, remarking, ‘‘Nor can we attribute any more than specific 
value to the hydrospiric tubes, or plications, on account of the variability often observed in one and 
the same specimen, a fact sufficiently recognized by the very authors who regard them as being of 
importance for classification,”’ and we are actually treated to views of three specimens of as many 
species with deformed hydrospires, but the author neglected to tell us how many specimens with the 
normal number of folds he examined before he found the abnormal ones. 

Does he know that there is some variation even in the spiracles of asingleindividual? Etheridge 
& Carpenter on plate VII of “The Catalogue of the Blastoidea’’ in figure 12 show a double spiracle 
in one of the deitoids of O. noriroodi. 


196. CONTRIBUTION. LO 


Double spiracles are not uncommon in Pentremites elongatus as Dr. Hambach can but know. 
On plate I, of Etheridge & Carpenter’s great work are figures of two specimens of P. elongatus one 
with five spiracles and the other with ten (five divided), and the authors say on pag2 161 “‘Spiracles 
oval but often in pairs and separated by strong septa.” 

In his concluding remarks on the new classification the author seems to hurry as the following 
remarks show: “I also wish to remark that this classification embraces only our American species, 
although most of the European species, I believe (judging from my small collection of European 
specimens), will fit into one or another of these genera, with the exception of aberrant forms, like 
some of our American ones, of which it is still doubtful whether they should be regarded as Blastoids 
or Cystoids, for the reception of which a separate class should be established. This class may in- 
clude all doubtful specimens and those insufficiently described and doubtfully illustrated because of 
the fragmentary condition of the material.”’ 

He seemed to have wearied of the genus making and took up the European material in job lots 
and shoveled them into corners where they seemed to fit. 

Then the odds and ends are placed together and a suggestion is made that a separate class be 
created for their reception apparently based on their differences from one another and every thing 
else. What a grand finale this is to a classification and what name would the learned author sug- 
gest? Not Jrregulares for he has already used that. 

We have spoken elsewhere of the substitntion of new names for old as well as estabtished genera. 

The author arranges two families under the order Regulares and two under the order Irregu- 

_lares without any definition of families whatever, placing Codonites under Pentremitide, while 
Codaster stands alone under Codasteride. Of his species of Pentremites, P. abbreviatus, P. bradleyi, 
P. florealis, probably P. tulipaformis and P. rusticus are synonyms or mere varieties of P. godoni. 
P. basilaris, P. broadheadi, P. nodosus, P. spinosus and P. serratus are synonyms of P. sulcatus, 
P. clavatus and P. gemmiformis mere varieties of P. calycinus, P. obtusus and P. angustus are 
merely extreme forms of P. conoideus and, if varieties, would be synonyms of my varieties P. 
conoideus var. amplus and P. conoideus var. perlongus, described in Part X, Contribution to Indi- 
ana Paleontology, September 4th, 1902, on pages 87, 88 and figured on plate 29. 


The definition of the proposed genus Cribroblastus is founded upon an erroneous assumption 
and is invalid even if it were lawful to propose it instead of a priorname. The author gives as 
its chief character ‘‘Central opening never closed except by ambulacral integument,” a state- 
ment which is untrue. He ranges under this genus a heterogenous group of species of which 
C. potteri and C. verrucosus are synonyms of Schizoblastus sayi, C. incisus of Cryptoblastus melo; 
C. tenuis of Lophoblastus roemeri; C. sampsoni of L. roemeri. 

The proposed genus Saccoblastus embraces Tricelocrinus, Metablastus and Troostocrinus and 
is invalid as it is meant to supplant valid prior names. Trice@locrinus obliquatus formerly de- 
scribed from fragments, is here figured as a whole, but the specimen is a typical 7. woodmant, 
S. meekianus is a synonym of T. woodmani, S. ventricosus, N. Sp. is a synonym of Metablastus bi- 
pyramidalis, coming from the same horizon and locality where there is a great variation in bipy- 
ramidalis suggesting that it is probable that even the form from there recognized by some col- 
lectors as M. wortheni is after all the same species. We do not mean the M. wortheni from the 
Keokuk Limestone. 


INDIANA PALAZONTOLOGY. 197. 


Cidaroblastus is offered for Pentremitidea and Troostocrinus reinwardti. A strange idea to as- 
sociate in the same genus such forms as Pentremitidea americana and Troostocrinus reinwardti, 
Mesoblastus, E. & C. is retained and made to receive M. Glaber. Cidaroblastus is offered for 
Granatocrinus, the latter name being objectionable on account of its ending. 

Two species are recognized C. granulatus and C. parvus, N. Sp., the latter said to be from 
cherty rock of the St. Louis age in South-western Missouri. We doubt the horizon and hardly 
think the species could be identified from the figure and description, and await evidence that 
the granules were for the reception of little spines. 

Globoblastus is a synonym for Orbitremites and is defective in diagnosis by reason of the 
statement ‘‘Central opening never closed except by ambulacral integument,’’ a very erroneous 
character since the ventral covering has.been seen and figured. Orbitremites norwoodi and the 
following new (?) species are placed under the spurious genus: G. magnificus a synonym of O. 
norwoodi; G. ornatus, G. spathus, both probably mere varieties of O. norwoodi, but non-recogni- 
zable from the descriptions and drawings. 

Under Cribroblastus I omitted his two new (?) species, C. tenuistriatus a synonym of Lopho- 
blastus inopinatus and C. schucherti a synonym of Granatocrinus spinuliferus, Rowley. He re- 
tains the genus Codonites. His C. campanulatus is a synonym of C. stelliformis. In his diagno- 
sis of Codonites, he says ‘‘Central opening very small and usually covered by the ambulacral in- 
tegument.’’ It is usually covered by small plates. 

The author does not disturb the name Codaster, which he retains as a genus. He should 
have objected to the use of this word, as it would be more appropriate for a star fish. 

For Nucleocrinus or Eleacrinus he proposes to resuscitate the name Olivanites. He places 
M. & G.’s species Nucleocrinus venustus as a Synonym under N. elegans a much smaller form. 

The genus Eleutherocrinus is converted into Eleutheroblastus and two species recognized, E. 
cassedayi and E. whitfieldi. The latter isan undoubted synonym of the former. 


INDIANA PALASCONTOLOGY. 198. 


ZAPHRENTIS CALLOSUS, N. Sp. 


Piate 58. Fies. 1, 2. 


Corallum simple, turbinate, straight, or slightly curved. Acute at the 
point of attachment, gradually enlarging in diameter to the calix. Height one 
hundred and forty-five millimeters. Diameter of calix sixty millimeters. 
Depth varying in different examples from forty to sixty millimeters. Number 
of lamellz one hundred and forty in the circumference of a calix, forty-five 
millimeters in diameter, unequal in size at the margin, alternating below. The 
short ones scarcely more than rudimentary, the longer ones gradually descend 
to the bottom of the calix, four or more coalescing, appearing like a letter V, 
and extends a short distance on the tabule and abruptly ends, leaving a flat 
smooth space in the center of the calix, from four to six millimeters in diame- 
ter. In some examples a few lamelle extends to the center of the cup, but they 
do not connect. There are two fossettes situated on the anterior and posterior 
sides, and two lateral gaps situated at right angles to the primary fossette, 
which is situated on the anterior side, and is very shallow and narrow at the 
margin of the tabula, but gets broader as it approaches the margin of the cup. 
The secondary fossette is situated on the shortest side of the curviture of the 
coral, but is not so strongly pronounced as the anterior one. The epitheca is 
thin and comparatively smooth. There are a few swellings, and strong rounded 
annular lines of growth. 


Found in the Middle Devonian, (Upper Helderberg group) at the Falls 
of the Ohio. Now in the collection of the author. 


HAIMEOPHYLLUM ORDINATUM. Billings. 


Puate 58. Fies. 7, 8. 


Haimeophyllum ordinatum, Billings. Fossil corals of the rocks of Canada West. Page 43, 
figure 29, 1859. 

Chonostegites Ordinatum, S. A. Miller. North American Geology and Paleontology, page 
178, figure, 151, 1889. 


Briiiine’s Description: Corallum forming large sub-globular or flat hemi- 
spheric masses; average diameter of the corallites in the constricted portions 
one line and a half to two lines, and of the expansions two and a half to three 
and a half lines. The epitheca, where it can be seen between the expansions, 
is more or less distinctly marked with the longitudinal septal strie. There ap- 
pears to be about forty internal strixc. The expansions which connect the cor- 
allites are periodical, or occur at the same level in all the individuals at dis- 
tances of from one to three lines. 


ake CONTRIPUTION TO 


There are some specimens in which the expansions occur at intervals of 
less than one line, and they are even so close together that the coral appears at 
first sight to be alarge sub-globular mass of concentric lamin. I do not at 
present think these can be separated as a distinct species from those with ex- 
pansions one or two lines distant. 


Locality and formation, Township of Walpole, corniferous limestone. 


The specimen illustrated on plate 58 is from the Middle Devonian, (Upper 
Helderberg group) at the Falls of the Ohio. -Now in my collection. 


HELLOY EY ELUM CONDIT OM, N-Sp. 


Pirate 58. Fiaes. 8, 4, 5, 6. 


Corallum simple, or compound, turbinate, straight or slightly curved. In- 
crease by calicular gemmation. Acute at the base of attachment. Height. 
varying from ten to forty millimeters. Exterior with fine annulations and con- 
strictions, caused by intermittent growth. Diameter of corallites varying from 
fifteen to thirty millimeters. Depth ten to fifteen millimeters. Number of la- 
melle seventy-four in the circumference of a calix twenty-five millimeters in 
diameter, slightly unequal in size at the margin, alternating below, for about 
three millimeters, nearly flat, then abruptly slope to the bottom of the calix, 
where the short ones terminate, the longer ones continue, coalescing, fascicu- 
lating and twisting into an elevated labyrinthine mass in the center of the 
calix, giving to the calix a sponge-like appearance. Denticulations moderately 
fine, twelve in the space of eight millimeters. Fossette consists of a slight de- 
pression at the anterior side of the tabula, and extends for a short distance on 
the side of the calix. 

Found in the Upper Devonian, (Hamilton group) near Charlestown, Indi- 
ana. Now in the collection of the author. 


DIPHYPEHYLLUM DILADT TM, Ne Sp. 


Prare 58.- -Fies,9,;. 10-1), 12; 


Corallum simple, turbinate, straight or slightly curved, acute at the point 
of attachment, occasionally a specimen has root-like prolongations near the base 
that served as attachment for support. Height varying in different examples, 
from ten to twenty-five millimeters, the largest example I have seen has a 
height of twenty-five millimeters. Diameter of calix twenty-five millimeters. 
Depth ten millimeters. The center of the calix is occupied by a horseshoe-shape 
area with slightly elevated margins, central portion smooth three millimeters 


INDIANA PALAONTOLOGY. 200. 


in diameter. Number of lamelle seventy in the circumference of a calix twen- 
ty-five millimeters in diameter, slightly unequal in size at the margin, alterna- 
ting below; the short ones descends to the bottom of the cup and gradually dis- 
appear, the longer ones continue to the margin of the horseshoe-shaped 
area in the center of the calix and abruptly end. Exterior rugged with sharp 
constrictions and strong rounded annular lines of growth, denticulations mod- 
erately coarse, four in the space of two millimeters. 

Found in the Upper Devonian, (Hamilton group) at Speed’s cement quarry 
and in the strippings above the cement beds throughout Clark county, Ind. 
Now in the collection of the author. 


¢ 


HELIOPHYLLUM INFLEXUM, N. Sp. 


PriateE 59. Fies. 1, 2, 3, 4. 


Corallum simple, turbinate, straight or regularly curved. Acute, or some- 
times there is a broad scar at the base of attachment. Height varying in dif- 
ferent examples, from fifteen to sixty millimeters or more in some corallums. 
Calix oblique, circular or broadly oval, from twenty to thirty millimeters in di- 
ameter. Depth ten to fifteen millimeters. The bottom of the calix is oblique, 
more strongly pronounced in some cups than in others. Number of lamelle 
ninety-two in the circumference of a cup twenty-five millimeters in diameter, 
thin and somewhat sharp, and alternating in size at the margin, getting thin- 
ner and alternating in length, gradually sloping to the bottom of the calix 
where the short ones terminate; the longer ones continue to the bottom of the 
calix, and from five to eight of the principal ones extend across the bottom of 
the cup connecting with the opposite ones, generally at right angles, or slight- 
ly oblique to the principal fossette. The intermediate lamelle converge to 
those that extend across the bottom of the cup. There are two lateral fossettes 
situated on either side of the principal one; the position of these is variable, 
and occasionally there is one that is poorly defined. The exterior is very ru- 
gose, with numerous sharp constrictions giving to the corallum the appearance 
of a series of invaginated calices. The denticulation are absent in worn or 
weathered specimens, but they are well defined in well preserved examples. 


This species is common in the Middle Devonian, (upper Helderberg group) 
Falls of the Ohio. Now in the collection of the author. 


HELIOPHYLLUM OBLIQUUYM, N. Sp. 


PriaTeE 59. Fias. 5, 6, 7. 


Corallum simple, turbinate, or elongate turbinate, straight or regularly 


203. CONTRIBUTION: TO 


curved, or sometimes geniculated. Acute at the point of attachment, or some: 
examples have a broad scar at the base. Height varying in different examples. 
from thirty to seventy millimeters. Diameter of calix thirty to forty millime- 
ters. Depth twenty millimeters. Number of lamelle one hundred in the cir- 
cumference of a calix twenty millimeters in diameter, thin and sharp, and 
slightly unequal in size at the margin, growing thinner and alternating below, 
abruptly sloping to the bottom of the calix, where the primary ones coalesce. 
and blends with the tabule and terminate, leaving a smooth oblique space in 
the bottom of the calix twelve or fifteen millimeters wide. The secondary la- 
mellz is confined to the wall and scarely ever exceed twelve or fifteen millime- 
ters in length. The exterior, when decorticated, is very rugose, having the 
appearance of close, or in places of distant invaginated-calices. The primary 
fossette is situated on the side of the longest curviture of the coral, commencing 
at the margin of the smooth oblique space in the bottom of the calix and ex- 
tends to the anterior margin. There are two rudimentary fossettes, situated at 
right angles to the principal one, but neither of these extends to the margin of 
the calix. Denticulations rather fine, frequently they are destreyed by the 
weathering of the coral. | 


Found in the Middle Devonian, (upper Helderberg group) at the Falls of 
the Ohio. Now in the collection of the author. 


CAPER EN ES CA LI16 C.E.0-8.Ne Sp; 


PEATE 59.> Figs. 8, 9, 10, 11. 


Corallum simple, turbinate, straight or slightly curved, acute at the point 

of attachment. Height sixty millimeters, for about half the length compressed 

and slightly curved, then abruptly rounding to the margin of the calix, in some 
examples instead of rounding to the margin they become somewhat quadrilat- 
eral. Exterior with broad, shallow, rounded annulations and wrinkles, caused 
by intermittent growth. Calix broadly bell-shaped, or quadrilateral, forty-five 
millimeters in diameter. Depth twenty millimeters. An elevated space in the 
bottom of the calix, occupied by the tabule, thirty millimeters long and twenty 
millimeters wide in a calix forty-five millimeters in diameter. Number of la- 
mellz one hundred and fourteen in the circumference of a calix forty millime- 
ters in diameter, equal in size and rounded at the margin, alternating and 
growing thinner below, gradually sloping to the bottom of the calix, where the 
short ones terminate; the longer ones continue for a short distance and ab- 
ruptly turns upwards for four or five millimeters, then turn toward the center 
of the calix, coalescing and fasciculating, and abruptly ends, leaving a smooth 
depressed space in the center of the calix, two millimeters wide and four or five ; 
millimeters long. Fossette consists of a deep depression at the margin of the 


INDIANA. PALAONTOLOGY.”.- 202. 


elevated space in the bottom of the calix, situated sometimes on the sinistral 
side and again it may be situated on the dextral side of the tabule, this may 
be due to the curviture of the coral. 


Found in the Middle Devonian, (upper Helderberg group) at the Falls of 
the Ohio. Now in the collection of the author. 


. CYSTIPHYLLUM VESICULOSUM. Phillips: 


PratE 60. Fies. 1, 2. 


Cyathophyllum Vesiculosum, Goldfuss, Germ Petref, page 58, plate 17, figure 5 and plate 18, 
figure 1, 1826. 

Cystiphyllum Vesiculosum, Phillips, paleeozoic fossils, 1841. 

Cystiphyllum Vesiculosum, De Vernueil and Jules Haime, Bull Society Geology of France, 
second series, volume VII, page 162, 1850. 

Cystiphyllum Secundum and Vesiculosum D. orbigny, Prod. de Pal., volume 1, page 106, 1850. 

Cystiphyllum Vesiculosum, Milne Edwards and Jules Haime, Pal. Foss. des Terr Paleozoic, 
page 462, 1851. 


‘Cystiphyllum Vesiculosum, Edwards and Haime, British Fossil Coral, page 243, plate 56, 
figures 1, la, 1b, 1853. 
Cystiphyllum Vesiculosum, McCoy, British Pale. Foss., 1851. 

Epwarps anp Hare's Descrtetton: Corallum simple, very long, slightly 
bent, subcylindrical, provided with a very strong epitheca, and presenting rather 
strong subhorizontal circular wrinkles. Calicular cavity rather deep, the sep- 
tal strize, when visible, more distinct towards the outer part of the calice. . Ve- 
sicules unequal in size, the largest occupying the center of the visceral cavity, 
and about one line in length. Height of the coral in general about three or 
four inches. We have seen in the collection of Mr. Pengelly a specimen that 
measured one foot in length and one and a half inches in diameter. 

The British specimens submitted to our examination were found at Lor- 
guay, Plymouth and Meedstone Bay. Prof. Phillips has met with the same 
species at Babbacombe, and Prof. McCoy at Newton Bushel. It exists also in 
Spain at Millar, in the Province of Leon; in Germany, in the Eifel mountains: 
and in America at Corn Island, Falls of the Ohio. 


The illustrated specimens were collected in the upper Helderberg group, on 
Goose Island, at the Falls of the Ohio. Now in my collection. 


CYS TIPLE GEM LP eR My, Nop: 


Prate 60.. Fres.:3;-4, 5. 


Corallum simple, or composite, increasing by ecalicular and lateral gemma- 
tion, with a rough wrinkled scar at the base of attachment. Height forty milli- 
meters. Corallites unequal in size, from twenty to forty millimeters in diame- 
ter. Calix oblique, very shallow, not exceeding five millimeters in depth. The 


203. CON TRIBU ELON FO 


surface of the calix is covered with coarse vesicles, varying in size from one to 
three millimeters in diameter. The exterior is very rugged and when decorti- 
cated appears as coarse invaginated cups. The surface cysts are not so large 
as those in the calix, and are not so deeply pitted, and are somewhat oblong. 
The margins of the corallites when in contact are very much elevated, and ap- 
pear as sharp ridges. 

The coarse rugged appearance of the corallum, its composite form, and the 
large round vesicles in the calix, and the elevated margins of the corallites 
where in contact, makes this easily recognized from all other species. 


Found in the Middle Devonian, (upper Helderberg group) at the Falls of 
the Ohio. Now in the collection of the author. 


CYS PIPHY LEUM CONSPICUUGU MON :Sp: 


PEATE 60... Kies: 6; 7,8: 


Corallum simple, or composite. Acute at the point of attachment. Some 
examples have root-like prolongations near the base, that served as attachment 
for support. Height varying in different examples, from twenty to seventy 
millimeters. The margin of the calix is generally very thin and bell-shaped, 
from ten to forty millimeters in diameter. Depth from twenty to fifty millime- 
ters. In some examples there is a strong silicified coating, from one anda 
half to two millimeters in thickness, covering the entire calix, when this silici- 
fied coating is very thick, the cysts appear as swellings or nodes, but when the 
coating is thin or weathered away, numerous cysts appear somewhat small at 
the margin of the cups, but getting larger as they approach the center of the 
ealix. Corallites in composite examples vary in size from twenty to forty mil- 
limeters in diameter. Depth from ten to twenty millimeters. Exterior when 
decorticated is somewhat rugged and has the appearance of being composed of 
a series of thick invaginated vesicles, with their upper margins broken off. 


Found in the Middle Devonian, (upper Helderberg group) at the Falls of 
the Ohio. Now in the collection of the author. 


CYSTIPHYLLUM CRENA TU M, N.-Sp- 


Prare 69. ies, 12,,18,-14,'15,.16, 17, 18,19; 20; 


Corallum simple, turbinate, or subturbinate. With a broad scar at the 
base of attachment. Height from five to forty millimeters, varying in different 
individuals. Diameter of calix ten to twenty millimeters. Depth ten to fif- 
teen millimeters. Exterior rather rough, having the appearance of a number 
of thin invaginated cups with crenulated margins. Diameter of calix from fif- 


INDIANA PALASONTOLOGY. = 204. 


teen to twenty millimeters. Depth five to ten millimeters. Near the margin 
of the cups there is numerous rounded and well defined strie, eight in the space 
of five millimeters; they disappear before reaching the bottom of the calix. 
The vesicles do not interfere with the strie; usually they are large and con- 
fined to the bottom of the cup. The vesicles on the exterivr of decorticated 
specimens are very numerous and small. 

The small corallum, with the broad base and thin invaginated calices, with 
their margins crenulated, makes this easily recognized from all other species. 


Found in the Middle Devonian, (upper Helderberg group) at the Falls of 
the Ohio. Now in the collection of the author. 


Dates of Publication of Contribution to Indiana Palaeontology. 


Part 1. February 28, 1898. 
Part 2. January 20, 1899. 
Part 3. April 17, 1899. 

Part 4. January 29, 1900. 
Part 5. February 27, 1900. 
Part 6. February 12, 1901. 
Part 7. May 23, 1901. 

Part 8. August 14, 1901. 
Part 9. May 14, 1902. 

Part 10. September 4, 1902. 
Part 11. February 3, 1908. 
Part 12. July 18, 1908. 

Part 13. August 27, 1903. 
Part 14. September 24, 1903. 
Part 15. October 22, 1908. 
Part 16. December 21, 1903. 
Part 17. May 9, 1904. 

Part 18. June 22, 1904. 

Part 19. July 20, 1904. 

Part 20. September 20, 1904. 


LN DRX: 2 

CAELENTERATA. Cystiphyllum ossiculum................. 12 

at Sea PAGE. es parasiticnum:.:<2 ssicce esse 31 

; Acrophyllum: ‘rugosums {.ic%). is sass o 48 ‘e vesiculosunt: (2 2% c0f9c.0tise 202 
Alveolites dispans]e 5 sccsy2 i.e vies flee 138 Diphyphyllum adjunctum............... 27 

Md subangul aris 565 se vic, < eiciete 2 138 ‘ DIlin gsi sss aces pie 98 
Blothrophyllum bellicinctum............ 33 ss dilety tie io. csieaniacihe tees 199 

ao pucenlentim ss cc oes 24 ‘ EXPANSUM elo ie Sa oe eres 25 

oe einpulatnms:.) cccia0 aca 10 se PARTI ewe Societe 26 

ie CONILETUM: wos ps Ne 24 of prolatome.. 232.4). 2nc2 ae 27 

Lf COMMEr lie. nme Sascaree 46 a6 WEN ECU MN 2, ous eros ewse ieee 5 

wk REXMOSU Miss wis: Bona 10 “f WAGS WORLD s cw matte 26 

a BPOGUOP dev cosas d cae 68 Enallophyllum grabaui.................. 54 

oe HOMPNCONI Eas. eae aie vere 156 Eridophyllum louisvillensis.............. 98 

6 INCU cored ttsa cones 25 Wavosites elausus:<.44 40055525 $144. asks 168 

Bordenia KNAappl o.0.532 js:stss sores ste eysveie es 99 ae clavatulusin tas eee eee tiers 41 

£6 zaphrentiformis >: = //j5- 62 26 c 57 ee globosus. sees ee eee 5 

Ceratopora agglomerata................. 51 Us: FOUISVILIBTSIGS dy cca Soa hese re oe 186 

ae conglomerata-.. s/o: 2 5. 22.0.0. > (yep ae PObUNGUS Acs, achat eae 41 

ae flabellata. (2:22.25 Sha dota Se 75 ‘fe rotundituba co hceee Osean 4 

ks MANES tit toric cre eich seis ee 76 a SCAMANIA Recieve ane 75 

se HOparatas costs cesses sas ys 76 Haimeophyllum ordinatum.............. 198 
Chonophyllum infundibulum........ apiane 49 Heliophyllum adnascens................ 85 

ch PYSMMUME Soi igs esa 130 | ee AP ARSIZI soa elie eee ees 14 

a se bymuGuin ae tii? oc teu pes 48 i AMPA YUM kok, aise See 62 
b. Cladopora gurleyi............... Penny 23 “ beechOelea;, tess sc see es 19 
e “ PHLENINIODIA pea caces elk ois 24 “ hordeicua ke tka ake 13 
“ Cyathaxonia bordeni.................... 38 iu congrepatumi: = 2/\2.02'sc-8.- 146 
BY ce COMPVESSA seis sc siscseleie eis 9 oe conglomeratum........... 146 
e Bee Co vetitistte ccd: os sn5042 187 e Couatini clas cctiaceulss as ns 
: oe | OF ah aeRO RIN eae 39 a CODIPORUN ye <ceuciegs sits etek 62 
: “ WONUBER Se 25 ooucs ent crete 187 “ conditithy.g16<5. 7 bees ozs 199 
: Gystolasma septate oo6 6 esi crete reassteite 56 ie COLVErPen Ss esc ase 139 
Cystiphyllum clavatum........:........ 170 oe Crotala Mit crrss cisco nrser 111 

4 CONSEMICHAMe ss snc 30 a digpansuwMy Any; hysstsecse oe 110 

ae Gonspreauni. wed ss oases 203 “ HOS eee rey cietciseenie i apis 18 

ee CEONALUM Saige steet cee 203 - CTAGAUIM ys yee ara ear eee 185 

oS Grassatums 3.45. ss sey e as a | oe Purloyss ceases eee corners 16 

s ALVETSOM GSS ect ei ee 46 us hammellieca. hice oe si 55 

‘s GXPAN SUM 2 cogs oe Maho! 45 of APNOLUM seers mee eee te eee 85 

oa faleratums 2552.32 Sees 169 fe AMMO XMM 8- sets ae) fescue 200 

ie POMMAlAM .e.)74e6 no seca 2 re 1 ae PACK SON Seccooe:t ce cyare Siceerssaele 32 

ze COMMU ie Soa ee pa bu ee LOMODE Goatees cre hciod (reece 35 

us gemmiferum...............202 es MiPVw ss ee eres Ba ayer 110 

A! infundibuliformis.......... 31 ce MIMNULCWUM 27 cen eee 35 

Hd nvapinatomber as ene 4s 34 HS MANUMC 22 Sore Meat ee Or ii 

Us Faciniatam?escesc cece s s 13 ae MILESIA eee sae es Bete 15 

ee Jamellatum).ie.oois) concur 29 i obesum...... pediaeie aay soups 17 
hs louisvillensis:;.75.0:s.4.226 as 45 a Ob Quast srk dtss ate cere te 200. 

‘se multicrenatum............ 63 se OSCUTALOM EG -.ts .%ior/asssyc en 1 

a oseulumr ssc (inc saedene 30 sf DPRPCILU MN cater ya eteeiciren ae 18 


CAELENT ERAT A—Continued. 


PAGE 

Helropuyllum'vowle yin. a soe cele eeae ns 47 
a AAU VLU a aacetascsecr see ayehne eet 180 

es SCAM AM Ler parece ncn tected lancer 17 

ce SHORZELIS trap ater ai ace on 34 

ot Suleatuimis casein een 185 

a Sprculab umes crass seas ese 56 

° as PUBSUUGE Ae er reece 15 
sf (UTE Wass nares cheyer ee oe 2 

ue VOSICUIA CUM A. cixdesicier fot 157 

aie GOMKEVIS sect cieasctasecs panes 139 

TSE HO GE WIS Hy C1 Vl :=) sar 2.0cacha stele eek Sean 168 
Michela, brid ohamilicerie tects 6 40 
ue lonisVvillensisi sae: cosh ad eas ce. 

ob MINUbAtAS Sr eot ST nS anaes 5 

ve meglectay she serach aatncieiees 20 

us PapwlOsaics «cates sem weec ne. 20 

as SpPuGulata te wats, As aa iveve ets leeks 19 

as Gamba eres cs coe aaa 21 

Gh WHEL CL Ise tes ets er lena Ronee aes, oe 130 

Be VV err Ql eee rccchoeatecee cues oe 21 
Momiloporas beeehert tas sactae scrotciocanse ee 50 
PVOLOPOLA/-CYSLOICES swisha oraaue to seereis sta ase ate 169 
Pty.chopbhyllum benedicti.. © 1..52°"* tee 28 
ce Cem Maltin, soe sce csses 28 

gs mobustum ssw. cetrenc ss ere 39 
Ronmngerlae cy sloldeseicr= curs bass ase ae 52 
See Protopora cystoides..... 169 

Striatopora bellistriata............. 112, 131 
ZaPNVeNntiss AGULLCORBIS... sess sc-we a os oe 3 
oh SUL satya erence seeeec Greeters 42 

: DID ET SLRs Sie yates rauaeeatete cae 38 

a RIDACONMIS seen rosacea ees 177 

es BIVCOIAGUS Scarica nese 178 

ef amplexiformisie. sasuke aes 86 

6 SM PMAbUBerv cease ek yeeeeaee 5 

oe DVOVAC ONT Sra acess dee elec sree 37 

: Callosns satust tea ty otegmees a 198 

a Caliculuisuse acetate aoe 201 

Gt CASSOU ASI. ait. e emwieee sae 

‘ ClTAbUSty se Aas. «acta eae 187 

iy COMPVOSSA masts retest eee oer 177 

(ke COMISHIG Ais ara ae hols eee eee 8 

ne CUTGUS eine eer ous RE Bit Ne RNS 42 

Gs PTOSDACHI As ss. soc aes eines 36 

ue allie eer eee adda sees 179 

ue ODD Slee se tenses as Snes thkinvnenete 23 

ais NUDIHSh eres, sorted eee ae 2 


On DE GUIS ee esra streets tiene 43 


INDEX 


Aaphrentisy insoles \ icc... s es! booed vs 44 

ae PMCONEUSH = sayercesans Ssspien alae as 179 

es PIV ASTM ALUS a Seetses este acca et 176 

es ISO R PUG ne ere es cess 8 

as lamastertes oa. 3- a aie aahsteres t 44 

ee PUI AE USR oes cree catekers ries ec 4 

“s MANUS? 2. Wt cmate ase wae. a coke 32 

of ODSCUTUSE chic sacs esate ss wneca ees 63 

ss ODITGQWALUS ack Gre cieiarhtec cris 22 

a OPPO MERE sachs. s hee si Seer penete Ais 37 

OY DLOMRUSH Sei yeic cece ataiciteelaisi tae 156 

es PUSEHIUSH rs, trsoe tcu cc ae & 43 

is SCM OTS Metre poe Satan Miers eae 21 

es StMPatUSwns ae kan eee eels 176 

i Subcentralisec:. wa: sees ee 186 

ee CUISInMAtMS ate aie c arcs os 131 

Le VATIONS Oren sin senee tekst ote =) 

ne WOEDETS Macon ee nitoe ie 111 

ECHINODERMATA. 

Actinoerinus multiramosa, var. Altidorsa- 

ARES actos leseveye te vee coe aoe 187 

Aorocrinus cassedayi........... 65, 101, 108 
He ae var. charlestownen- 

SISM Seteseita cies Uae estore 65, 142 

i depressuss ind. se BAR ore 65 

Arachnocrinus extensus. ............... 180 

IBotocrinusCrassibestuse ss crisc eee si yc 172 

oe GAVABIZ ere Ae aeae eat eee 171 

uC ‘« var. lanesvillensis....... 172 

ng (6 Vials SCUIPCUS! oy or... 0s 174 

AY Ieosidachylusercis.n see 173, 174 

ue ITE SULATIS etsy c eis ie cea Perel ta & 

ee MALNITOSbLIS? 05,25 seeace ces: 170 

ee SPOTZONEUSIS so... isis w hens es 188 

Botryocrinus americanus.......... Sree eae 184 

Caleeocrinus granuliferus............... 114 

Ceriocrinus (Delocrinus) priseus......... 161 

Dolatocrinusamplusis ees ase 154 

es aplatus.siocteenss sees kee 136 

ee ALPOSWUSH A iiyecc Meise: Ste ttln Aielese 132 

oe arrosus, var. cognatus..... 137 

ee ASPIAGIISA weeieue ete sectdiekts 102 

“ celatus....... Thad ae Gieleiscait aye 165 

ag charlestownensis........... 153 

es Gorbuliformis!. 3% ice sie 151 

se COLPOLOSUS t= ttye ees ats 157 

ue COLLIER ae ber cn canieiee ee 145 

a ‘¢ var. concinnus......148 

ae ‘cs “Var. GeCorabus.. ...%« 149 


me ee 


FIN] ED Bees. 


ECHINODERMA TA—Continued. 
PAGE. 
Dolatocrinus curriei............ rf esc erne 143 
pA MAGPVESBUS seo: jerartis cieaess cise 6 
f elegantulus: :.3. 5.325% 52 .c06 150 
43 excavatus.........134, 145, 191 
gf re var. inearinatus. ..112 
Ae LUPO TUS co.cc. ita topetts ctigase oi 134 
se PIOCNOI co eae ete 158 
ce Marshisnvey BELA A Taste 159 
fe mulGmnodosus: 223... 5-2 2.5.1 147 
es multibrachiatus....... x 141 
Ld MNOGMOSUBE 22.5 vac Aes ee oe 163 
“< MOUWLPETUS ie, Ava see sews 140 
ae pernodosuss (c/s es snes 113 
“ IPIOClOSUS S23 152, 153 
ee pulehollussac en es 109 
oe SPINCSOS! 422s c cose ee ee 164 
as Springoer= 2 .os- <2 Savage Sota 136 
6 VONUSUtUS's <7 fas sc ene eels 160 
= WOMl@EIS i570 a5 vice ene 143 
Eleutherocrinus cassedayi.......... 91, 161 
Gennsocrinus comptus.................. 105 
= ** var. spiniferus....107 
xs RRROUUS oc Soret an 99 
as kentuckiensis............ 108 
fe SCUIPLOS icine cee 107 
ee SIMUIANG es oes 50 5b ern 183 
Hadrocrinus plenissimus................ 165 
Holoeystites papulosus.................. 166 
Megistocrinus cireulus.......... .... 2, 48L 
Fe COPNIP ORS fare icne eee #1,-745 
th expansus..... eos 2 041160) 166 
es So DV AD: AT AGUS ies ces 72 
cy ‘* var. magniventrus © 
Dy SG ee mene ee Sire ger 103, 141 
es hemispherieus............. 145 
ee ODPOLE seek See oes oe tae 135 
ar TUSOSUSs 6c io ore eins sl oeisiee 131 
ae ‘« var. spinuliferus... .102 
ie BplTosulas. . seep 8 oes os 182 
ae UNUCOPNIS Sasi aes se es 73 
Platyerinus devoniceus.................. 114 
Seaphiocrinus longitentaculatus.......... 61 
Stemmatocrinus veryi................... 133 
Stephanocrinus deformis ............... 103 
ae gemmiformis............ 104 
Be hammoeliics<- 255 5.05 = 104 
as OSKOOGENSISS: Ae ae 1¢4 
“es 


quinquepartitus..........105 


Stereocrinus indianensis................ 182 
Talarocrinus simplex...................- 91 
BLASTOIDEA. 
Carpenteroblastus veryi................. 127 
Codaster attenuatus.............. 94, 95, 128 

“ «svar. robustus...... . 94 

as Pyramidatyp ss o75% 5214 h ona 95 
Metablastus bipyramidalis........... 96, 162 
0 Mibidul ae nde rss ee eS 
Nucleoerinus angularis.............. 82, 190 
£6 encnilatus)s 6. nneweie ene 77 

a PROENEl ois cs 2.52% seers 83, 129 

oa ATMGALOR. 6 ee rcee toe as 84, 191 

ay MIGINAD bo Sec te Ee 192 

ES stichteries 2 nase 83 

a VENUSUUS: -5.5- chk occee ee 82 

es vernueili;. son. oh. eae 79, 128 

Je [€- varoinflatus:.2.25. 78 

oe Pac VEE SULCRtOS .ce Gee 78 

ae ‘= VAT. PONUM si. ase oe 79 
Orbitremites grandis: 3.0). as 2S. 96 
‘ oppeltizes siscs aged cae 86 
Pontromibestaltus, A6ue oat oo eos 64 
Ee CalyCanus, sen wacko 125 

ae eherokeusi 3s cs ectn os ee 116 

oY chesterensis: «30501. 117 

: CONOIMCUS. 2h aes 87, 126 

ae Soe MVARS AM DIOS: eyo 88 

“ ‘« var. perlongus .... 87 

“ POON se. Se 89, 97, 121, 122, 125 

ts koninckanus........90, 126, 190 

3 ODESUS heist nec ne ence ee 115 

ne pyrilormiss.. ../3225,..22 89, 97, 120 

: TODUSUUSH: ti2k sce eee 118 

oe SMICAENS: C ctaed a Seen e aie 116 
Pentremitide approximatus............. Fa) 
a UDI eters Ge eee: 92 

fe leda, var. magna......... 93 
Tricelocrinus woodmani............. 90, 189 

BRACHIOPODA. 


Orania delicate: 254, shicniaciese os see 60 
St MIG DECESB A adn a hirstgrekes daa ee ptt 69 
SS MSMONI a Monae ges shee, tet hs eeeiGL 
oe “SMOG OSURE Ba tener ees eels ee 60 
¢ TODUSLA: o) 42 os See cw eesti cas oe 69 


eA 


é 


BRACHIOPODA—Continued. 


PAGE. 
Productus parvicostatus...........-..-+> 70 
Spirifer horizontalis............0.+se2+4 67 

‘¢ lateralis, var. delicatus.......... 68 

GASTEROPODA, 

Lepetopsis: levettel. 5. 404 cs entrees 70 
INGbICONSIS CUDIR duck <a ccs shire eer. sare. 66 
PIBLVGOTAS GICUIOTICS «5 b.2 wens eaten seas 70 
Platyostoma niagarense..............55. 67 
Strophostylus amplus. ........-..ese0e- 66 


EN Des 


CEPHALOPODA. 
Cranoceras' ellipticum'....:: 22... 42 seas ses 59 
Gomphoceras bellatulum................ 58 
He FACOUUIT is oie sie cisattels tes 58 
a OVILOTINO@ star © cctes sieioranais 0351 > 59 
ee SUR atum stores SS agar 58 
Temnochilus CORAMUNIs. 24/22 «0 syelere- 59, 60 
LAMELLIBRANCHIATA. 
Grammysia imbricata............----66- 60 


Rowley’s Review of Hambach’s blastoidea 
MTS Cer ee Bt eed Oa, 102 
Date of Publication of Contributions..... 204 


BX EIN IOI “is, elit ee, 


PLATE =i, PAGE 
HELIOPHYLLUM OSCULATUM, N. Sp. 1 


FIG. 1.—Upper view of a large corallum from 
Crab Orchard, Kentucky. 
See Plate ii, Figs. 1-2+8. 


HELIOPHYLLUM NANUM, N. Sp. 1 


FIG. 2.—View of the calyx. 
FIG. 8.—View of the calyx of another individual. 


FIG. 4.—Lateral view of another example. 


HELIOPHYLLUM TUMIDULUM, N. Sp. ; 2 


FIG. 5.—View of the calyx. 
FIG. 6.—View of the calyx of another individual. 


FIG. 7.—Lateral view of another example. 


ZAPHRENTIS HUMILIS, N. Sp 2 


FIG. 8.—Lateral view. 
FIG. 9.—Calyx view of another individual. 


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GONTRIBUTION TO INDIANA PALAEONTOLOGY 


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EXPLANATION OF: ELALES: 


PLATE 2: 
HELIOPHYLLUM OSCULATUM, N. Sp. 


FIG. 1.—Lateral view of twin cups, the side of 
one is broken away to show the tabule. 

FIG. 2.—Calyx view of another specimen showing 
manner of budding, 

FIG. 8.—Lateral view of another individual. All 
three figures from Charlestown, Indiana. 
See Plate 1, Fig. 1. 


DOLATOCRINUS DEPRESSUS, N. Sp. 


FIG. 4.—Calyx view. 
FIG. 5.—Side view. 


FIG. 6.—Summit view. 


ZAPHRENTIS VARIANS, N. Sp. 


El Gs. -t.—bateral views 


FIG. 8.—Calyx view of another example. 


ZAPHRENTIS ACUTICORNIS, N. Sp. 


FIG. 9.—Lateral view. 
FIG. 10.—Calyx view of another individual. 


ZAPHRENTIS LIMATUS, N. Sp. 


FIG. 11,—Lateral view. 
FIG. 12.—Calyx view of another specimen. 
FIG. 13.—Calyx view of another example. 


PAGE 


CONTRIBUTION TO INDIANA PALAEONTOLOGY. 


Part 1. | Pie it: 


EE a 


EXE LANATION- OF FPLATES. 


BEATE Gs PAGE 


FAVOSITES ROTUNDITUBA, N. Sp. 4 


FIG. 1.—Upper view of a specimen. 


FIG. 2.—DLateral view of another individual. 


FAVOSITES GLOBOSUS, N. Sp. ° 5 


FIG. 3.—Surface view ofa large example. 
WdGes 4 


FIG. 5,—View of another example showing the 


Surface view of another individual. 


surface and a vertical section. 


DIPHYPHYLLUM UNICUM, N. Sp. 5 


FIG. 6.—Calyx view. 

FIG. 7.—Calyx view of another individual. 

FIG. 8.—Lateral view of another example. 

FIG. 9.—Lateral view of another specimen. 

FIG. 10.—Posterior view of another individ- 
ual with portion of the cup broken 


away to show the lamelle. 


MICHELINIA MINUTA, N. Sp. 5 


FIG. 11:—Surface view. 


FIG. 12.—Basal view of the same specimen. 


CONTRIBUTION TO INDIANA PALAEONTOLOGY. 


Part I. 


Pl. Ill. 


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PLATE a : J 
ZAPHRENTIS ISCHYPUS, N. Se | 


1—Lateral view of a large eeunpiee ea 
2—View of the calix of another individual. 


ZAPHRENTIS COMIS, N. Sp. 


F I G. 4—Posterior view showing the calix. 
FIG. 5—Longitudinal section of another example showing the pba 
; and calix. 

FIG. 6—Calix view of another individual. 


ZAPHRENTIS AMPLIATUS, N. Sp. 
. 7—Lateral view. 
8—Calix view of another example. 


HELIOPHYLLUM BORDENI, N, Sp. 


a 
wee 


FIG.. 9—Lateral view. 
FIG. 10—Calix view of another example. 


: . 


_ BLOTHROPHYLLUM CINGULATUM, N. Sp. _ 


FIG. 11—Lateral view. 
_ FIG. 12—Lateral view of another example. 
- FIG. 18—Calix view of another individual. 


CYATHAXONIA COMPRESSA, N, Sp. 


= oe - 


o.  16—Colix view of another specimen. 
. 17—Calix view of another individual. 


CONTRIBUTION TO INDIANA PALAONTOLOGY. 


PART 2. PL. IV. 


HELIOPHYLLUM AGASSIZI, N. ‘See as 


FIG. 1—Calix view of a compound example: ; 


Cus 
4 - 


HELIOPHYLLUM NILESI, N. Sp. 


. -2—Lateral view of a compound example. 
. 8—Lateral view of another individual. 


HELIOPHYLLUM TURGIDUM, N. Sp. 


BLOTHROPHYLLUM FLEXUOSUM, N. Sp. 


| 6—Lateral view. 
FIG. 7—Lateral view of another large example. 
F IG. 8—Calix view of another individual. : 


CYSTIPHYLLUM CRASSATUM, N. Sp. 


: FIG. 9—Calix view. 
x FIG. 10—Basal view showing epithecal crust. 


CONTRIBUTION TO INDIANA PALO 


arm 


oes 


OLOGY, 


PART 2. 


| Bridgha m. 


PL. 


te a ee ee ee ay a il a te ~— — eo 


‘PLATE és: 
: "HELIOPHYLLUM GURLEYI, N. Se 


FIG. 1—Calix view ofa compound example. 


= 


CYSTIPHYLLUM GEMMATUM, N. Sp. 
FIG. 2—Calix view of a compound example. * 
FIG. 38—Lateral view of another compound specimen. 
FIG. 4—Calix view of another compound example. 


CYSTIPHYLLUM OSSICULUM, N. Sp. 


FIG. 5—Lateral view showing parietal budding. -. 
FIG. 6—View of the calix of a simple example. 
FIG. 7—View of the calix of another individual. 


CYSTIPHYLLUM GEMMULA, N. Sp. 


FIG. 8—Lateral view showing calycinal budding. 
FIG. 9—View of the calix of a simple example. Tse 


CYSTIPHYLLUM LACINIATUM, N, Sp. 


“ the mathe be appearance. 
FIG. 11—Calix view of another individual. 
FIG. 12—Posterior view of another example. 


CONTRIBUTIUN TO INDIANA PALAONTOLOGY. 


PART 2. 


PL. 


VI. 


EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 


PLATE 7. 


HELIOPHYLLUM OBESUM, N. Sp. 


FIG. 1.—Posterior view of'a composite corallum. 

FIG. 2.—Posterior view of another composite ex- 
ample. 

FIG. 8.—Posterior view of a simple individual. 

FIG. 4—Longitudinal view, with a portion of the 
calix broken away, showing the elevated 
tabule. and the vesiculose structure. 


HELIOPHYLLUM SEAMANI, N. Sp. 


FIG. 5.—Posterior view of a composite example. 


HELIOPHYLLUM.-FLOS, N.-Sp. 


FIG. 6.—Calix view of a large example. 
FIG. 7.—Posterior view of a small speciman. 
FIG. 8.—Lateral view of another individual. 


ZAPHRENTIS SELLERSI, N. Sp. 


FIG. 9.—Lateral view. 
FIG. 10.—Calix view of another example. 


MICHELINIA SPICULATA, N. Sp. 


FIG. 11,—Surface view. 
F 1G. 12.—Basal view of another example. 


MICHELINIA PAPULOSA, N. Sp. 


FIG. 18.—Ventral view. 
FIG. 14.—Ventral view of another example. 
FIG. 15.—Basal view of another individual. 


MICHELINIA NEGLECTA, N. Sp. 


F I G. 16.—Ventral View. 


PAGE 


1G 


17 


18 


21 


19 


20 


20 


( 


TOLO 


ON 


E. 
iid 


NA PAL 


NTRIBUTION TO INDIA 


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- 


EXPLANATION OF PLATES, 


PLATE &. PAGE 
ZAPHRENTIS OBLIQUATUS, N. Sp. 22 
FIG. 1.—Lateral view. 
FIG. 2.—Lateral view of another example. 
FIG. 3.—Lateral view with a portion of side brok- 
en away to show the oblique tabule. 
ZAPHRENTIS HOBBSI, N. Sp. 23 
FIG. 4,—Lateral view. 
FIG. 565.—Lateral view of another specimen. 
FIG. 6.—Lateral view of another example, with a 
portion of the calix broken away, to show. 
the lamelle, steep wall and broad tabule. 
HELIOPHYLLUM PARTITUM, N. Sp. 18 
FIG. 7.—Ventral view of a small example. 
FIG. 8.—Ventral view of another specimen. 
HELIOPHYLLUM BEECHERI, N. Sp. 19 
FIG. 9,—Lateral view of a large corallum. 


MICHELINIA LOUISVILLENSIS, N. Sp. 20 
F 1G. 10.—Ventral view of a small example. 
FIG. 11.—Ventral view of a large specimen. 
F I G. 12.—Basal view of another individual. 
MICHELINIA WILLIAMSI, N. Sp. 21 


F I G. 18.—Ventral View. 


fe ie 


ONTOLO! 


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CONTRIB 


Part 3. 


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EXPLANATION OF PLATES, 


PLATE 9. 


CLADOPORA GURLEYI, N. Sp. 


FIG. 1.—Ventral view of a small corallum. 


CLADOPORA INTERMEDIA, N. Sp. 


FIG. 2—Ventral view of a small corallum. 


BLOTHROPHYLLUM BUCCULENTUM, N. Sp. 
EdG: 


3.—Lateral view of rather a long specimen. 


FIG. 4.—Lateral view of another example, with 
a portion of the side broken away, to 
show the tabule. 

KA G. 


5.—View of the calix of another individual. 


BLOTHROPHYLLUM CONIGERUM, N. Sp. 
FIG. 


6.—Lateral view of a decorticated example. 


FIG. 7.—Lateral view of another specimen with 
the calix broken away to show the coni- 
cal projection. 

EEG, 


8.—View of the calix of another individual. 


BLOTHROPHYLLUM INCULTUM, N. Sp. 
WAG 


9.—Lateral view of a well preserved speci- 
men. 


F1G. 10.—Calix view of another individual. 


DIPHYPHYLLUM EXPANSUM, N. Sp. 


FIG. 11.—Ventral view of a perfect corallum. 


MICHELINIA TANTILLA, N. Sp. 


FIG. 12.—Ventral view of a perfect corallum, 


PAGE 


23 


24 


24 


25 


21 


NTOLOGY. 


EO 


NA PAL. 


CONTRIBUTION TO INDIA 


ee 


Co ee ee 


EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 


PLATE IO. 


DIPHYPHYLLUM WADSWORTHI, N. Sp. 


FIG. 1.—Ventral view of a large corallum. 


DIPHYPHYLLUM LAXUM, N. Sp. 


FIG. 2.—Ventral view of a medium-sized corallum. 


FIG. 38.—Ventral view of another small-sized co- 


rallum. 


CYSTIPHYLLUM LAMELLATUM, N. Sp. 


FIG. 4.—Lateral view of a small corallum. 


FIG. 5.—Calix view of another example. 


CYSTIPHYLLUM OSCULUM, N. Sp. 


FIG. 6.—Calix view of a small specimen. 


FIG. 7.—Lateral view of another example, with a 


portion of the calix broken away, to show the 


septa. 
FIG. §8.—Lateral view of another individual. 


CYSTIPHYLLUM CONSTRICTUM, N. Sp. 


FIG. 9.—Lateral view of a mature specimen, with a 


portion of the side broken away, to show the 


vesicles on the invaginated cups. 


FIG. 10.—Calix view of another example. 


PAGE 


26 


26 


29 


30 


30 


FIG. 11.—View of one-half of the calix of another specimen. 


FIG. 12.—Calix view of another individual. 


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CONTRIBUTION TO INDIANA PALEONTOLOGY. 


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EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 


PLATE Il. PAGE 


DIPHYPHYLLUM PROLATUM, N. Sp. 27 


FIG. 1.—Ventral view of a large corallum. 


ZAPHRENTIS NANUS, N. Sp. 32 
FIGS. 2-8-4.—Views of the posterior sides, showing 

the proliferous growth. 
FIG. 5-6.—View of the calix showing the prolifer- 

ous growth. This feature is shown in one- 

third of all the specimens in my collection. 

All figures are from different examples. 


HELIOPHYLLUM JACKSONI, N. Sp. 32 
FIG. 7.—Lateral view of a composite example, 

showing a portion of the calix of each co- 

rallite. 
FIG. 8.—Posterior view of another simple example, 


showing a portion of the calix. 


BLOTHROPHYLLUM BELLICINCTUM, N. Sp. 33 


FIG. 9.—Posterior view of a well preserved example, 
with a portion of the cup, broken away to 


show the lamelle. 


FIG. 10.—Calix view of another example. 


PART 4. Ce a a 


CONTRIBUTION TO INDIANA PALZONTOLOGY. 


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EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 


PLATE. '2. PAGE 


DIPHYPHYLLUM ADJUNCTUM, N. Sp. 27 


FIG. 1.—Ventral view of a portion of a large co- 
rallum. 


PTYCHOPHYLLUM GEMMATUM, N. Sp. 28 


FIG. 2,—Posterior view showing the lateral buds 


and a portion of the calix. 


FIG. 38.—View of the calix of another specimen. 


PTYCHOPHYLLUM BENEDICTI, N. Sp. 28 


FIG. 4.—Ventral view of a composite example. 
FIG. 5.—Calix view of another simple individual. 
FIG. 6.—Oblique lateral view, showing a portion 


of the calix of another specimen. 


CYSTIPHYLLUM PARASITICUM, N. Sp. 31 


FIG. 7.—View of the calix of a large specimen at- : 
attached to a Heliophyllum:at the lower 
portion of a Favosite, also attached to the 
Heliophyllum. 

FIG. 8.—A large number attached to the epithica ; 
of Favosites Hemisphericus (Yandell & Shu- 

mard. ) 3 

FIG. 9.—A large example attached to a worn and 

weathered Heliophyllum. g 


CYSTIPHYLLUM INFUNDIBULIFORMIS, N. Sp. 31 


FIGS. 10-11.—Posterior view, showing the invagi- 
nated calyces. 


FIG. 12.—Lateral view of another example. 


CONTRIBUTION TO INDIANA PALEONTOLOGY. 


PLO XI 


TBridgham. 


EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 


hte Ge Cis 
BaG 


FRERPE SIS. 


CYSTIPHYLLUM INVAGINATUM, N. Sp. 


1.—Lateral view of a large specimen. 


2.—Calix view of another example. 


HELIOPHYLLUM SHERZERI, N. Sp. 


ELG. 
BEG: 
FIG. 
Ish RG one 


EPG: 
EEG. 


3.—Lateral view of a large specimen. 
4.—Calix view of another large example. 
5.—Calix view of another smaller individual. 


6.—Lateral view of another smaller specimen. 


HELIOPHYLLUM MINUSCULUM, N. Sp. 


7.—Posterior view. 


8.—Calix view of another individual. 


ZAPHRENTIS GROSBACHI, N. Sp. 


ETLG:S: 


ELGS:; 


9-10.—Latera! views of different individuals 


showing the proliferous growth. 


11-12.—Calix views, of two different exam- 


ples, showing the smooth, convex space, in 


the center of the calix. 


PAGE 


34 


BE: 


CONTRIBUTION TO INDIANA PALAONTOLOGY. 


PART 5. PL. XIII. 


TBridgha m he 


EXPLANATION OF PLATES, 


PLATE 1/4. PAGE 
PTYCOPHYLLUM ROBUSTUM, N. Sp. 39 


FIG. 1.—Posterior view of a large specimen. 
FIG. 2.—Posterior view of another smaller example. 


CYATHAXONIA BORDENI, N. Sp. 38 


FIG. 8.—Lateral view of an adult specimen. 

FIG. 4.—Lateral view of another example, showing 
the point of the cone, and the ends of the 
lamelle. 

FIG. 5.—tLateral view, of an other individual, with 
the side broken away, to show the central 
cone. 

FIG. 6.—Lateral view of another example, with a 
portion of the calix broken away, to show the 


central cone. 


CYATHAXONIA PARVA, N. Sp. 39 


FIG. 7.—Lateral view. with the calix broken away, 
to show the central cone. 

FIG. 8.—Lateral view of another individual. 

FIG. 9. Lateral view, of another example, with a 
portion of the calix broken away, to show 
the central cone. 


ZAPHRENTIS OPPELTI, N. Sp. 37 


FIG. 10.—Lateral view of a mature specimen. 
FIG. 11.—Posterior view of another individual. 
FIG. 12.—Posterior view of another example. 
FIG. 13.—Lateral view of another specimen. 


MICHELINIA BRIDGHAMI, N. Sp. 40 


FIGS. 14-15-16.—Three views showing the expanded 
cups, and the attachment to crinoid columns. 


HELIOPHYLLUM LEMONI N. Sp. 35 


FIG. 17.—Lateral view, of a composite example. 


PL. 


JBridgham. 


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EXPLANATION OF PLATES, 


PLATE 15. 


FAVOSITES CLAVATULUS, N. Sp. 


FIGS. 1-2.—Lateral views, with a portion of the walls 


ELG: 


PelsGe: 


BIG: 


HEG. 


Baise 


EEG 


RBG, 


FIG. 


of the tubes broken away, showing the large 


pores. 


3.—Lateral view of another example. 


FAVOSITES ROTUNDUS, N. Sp. 


4.—Ventral view, with a portion of upper sur- 
face worn away, showing the fissiparous mode 
of growth. 

5.—Basal view, of another specimen, showing 


the strong wrinkled epithical crust. 


6.—Ventral view of another individual. 


ZAPHRENTIS BREVICORNIS, N. Sp. 


7.—Posterior view, showing the interior of the 
calix. 
8,—Lateral view, of another specimen. 


ZAPHRENTIS ALBERSI, N., Sp. 


9.—Posterior view. 
10.—Calix view, of another specimen. 


11.—Lateral view, of another example. 


PAGE 


41 


38 


CONTRIBUTION TO INDIANA PALAONTOLOGY. 


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EXPLANATION OF PLATES, 


FIG. 


Bul 


LG: 


hae i 
Bele 
EG: 


PLATE 16. 
HELIOPHYLLUM ROWLEYI, N. Sp. 


1.—Lateral view with portion of the calix broken 
away to show the lamelle. 


BLOTHROPHYLLUM CONIFERUM, N. Sp. 


2.—Posterior view. 

3.—Lateral view of another specimen. 

4,—Lateral view of another example. 

5,—Longitudinal section of a specimen showing 
conical elevation and the lamelle. 

6.—Longitudinal section of another individual 
the showing the vesiculose structure. 


CYSTIPYPHLLUM LOUISVILLENSIS, N. Sp. 


7-10.—Oblique views showing the calix and the 
root-like processes that served for attach- 
ment. 
8.—View of the exterior of another example show- 
ing the large concave vesicles. 
9.—Calix view of another specimen. 


ZAPHRENTIS ALBUS, N. Sp. 


11.—View of the calix from the posterior side. 
12.—View of the ecalix of another example. 


ZAPHRENTIS CURTUS, N. Sp. 


13.—Lateral view. 
14.—Calix view of another specimen. 


ZAPHRENTIS INFLEXUS, N. Sp. 


15,—Lateral view with a portion of the calix brok- 
en away to show the side of the cup. 

16. —Calix view of another individual. 
ZAPHRENTIS PUSILLUS, N. Sp. 
17.—Posterior view giving portion of the fossette. 
18.—Lateral view of another example. 
19.—Calix view of another specimen. 


PAGE 
47 


46 


45 


42 


42 


43 


43 


NA PALAONTOLOGY 


TION TO INDIA 


i 
} 


CONTRIBU 


PL. XV 


PART 6 


Se ee ee Pree 


ene 


“\ 


a“ 


ee eee 


EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 


ELGATREAI7: 
ACROPHYLLUM RUGOSUM, N. Sp. 


FIG. 1.—tLateral view of amature specimen witha 
portion of the calix broken away to show the 
conical elevation. . 

FIG. 2.—Lateral view of another matured example. 

FIG. 38.—Lateral view of another individual with a por- 
tion of the calix broken away to show the coni- 
eal elevation and the lamelle. 


ZAPHRENTIS LAMASTERI, N, Sp. 


FIG. 4.—Posterior view showing the smooth flat space 
in the center of the cup and the lamelle. 

FIG. 5.—Oblique posterior view of another example 
exhibiting the smooth tabule and the fossette. 


CYSTIPHYLLUM EXPANSUM, N. Sp. 


FIGS. 6-7-8.—All three views of the calix from differ- 
ent specimens. 


CYSTIPHYLLUM DIVERSUM, N. Sp. 


FIG. 9.—View of a longitudinal section of a matured 
specimen. 
FIG. 10.—Calix view of another example. 


PAGE 
48 


44 


45 


46 


————— 


CONTRIBUTION TO INDIANA PALONTOLOGY. — 


PART 6. 


PL. XVII. 


JBridgham 


Sg Os ee ed ae “ _— 


EXPLANATION OF PLATES, 


BIG. 


ELGG. 


FIGS. 


BAG: 


EG. 
EG. 
E LG. 
E LG. 


FIG. 


PLATE 18. PAGE 


ZAPHRENTIS INSOLENS, N. Sp. 44 


1.—Posterior view showing the oblique tabule 
and the fossette. 
2.—Longitudinal section showing the oblique 


tabule and the lamelle. 


CHONOPHYLLUM TYPICUM, N. Sp. 48 


8-4.—Views of the calix of two different indi- 
viduals. 


5.—Lateral view of another example. 


CHONOPHYLLUM INFUNDIBULUM, N. Sp. 49 


6.—Lateral view of a matured example. 

7.—Calix view of another individual. 

8.—Posterior view of a specimen and exhibiting 
the calix. 

9.—Lateral views of two specimens attached by 
their epithecal walls. 

10.—Calix views of two more examples attached 


by their epithecal walls. 


CONTRIBUTION TO INDIANA PALAONTOLOGY. 


PART 6. PL. AVI. 


SA.ALBERS. oft B 


EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 


PIG. 
FIGS. 
MGS; 


LLG. 
EEGs 


ELG,. 


EEG, 


1M TG hs 
PL, 


PLATE 19. 


HELIOPHYLLUM SPICULATUM, N. Sp. 


1.—Lateral view showing the spicules. ° 


BORDENIA ZAPHRENTIFORMIS, N, Sp. 


9-3-4.—Posterior views, exhibiting the calicu- 
lar gemmation. 
5-8-9.—Lateral views of different examples. 
6,—Longitudinal section of another specimen 
showing the base of a bud. 
7.—Longitudinal section, exhibiting the oblique 
tabule. 


CYSTELASMA SEPTATA, N, Sp. 


10.—Calix view of a matured individual. 
11-14.—Posterior views of two other examples. 
12-15-17-18-19.—Longitudinal sections show- 
ing the longitudinal partitions, and the tab- 
ule, all different examples. 
13.—Anterior view of another individual. 
18.—Lateral view of another specimen appearing 
as invaginated cups. 


MONILOPORA BEECHERI, Grabau. 


20.—A specimen showing normal form of the ir- 
regular wandering type. Edwardsville, Ind. 

21,—A compact colony attached to a Platycrinus. 
Crawfordsville, Ind. 


CERATOPORA AGGLOMERATA, N. Sp. (Grabau.) 


292-23-25.—Ventral views of different examples. 
24 —Oblique view of another example exhibiting 
the stems. 


PAGE 


57 


56 


50 


51 


CONTRIBUTION TO INDIANA PALAONTOLOGY. 


PL, XIX. 


PART 7. 


ean 


a) 


SS 


Sy 


ns 


dgh com. 


J.Bri 


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EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 


PIG. 
BLA: 


EIG; 


FIG. 


FLG. 
BaiGe 


Pac, 


ELG, 


PEG s: 


BUGS: 


FIGS: 
EGS: 


PLATE 20. 


HELIOPHYLLUM HAMMELLI, N. Sp. 


1.—Ventral view of a large corallum. 

2.—Longitudinal section of a single corallite of 
INO» Ls 

3.—Ventral view of another smaller corallum. 


HELIOPHYLLUM COLLATUM, N. Sp. 
4-6. —Ventral views of two different examples ex- 
hibiting the rounded tubes. 
5.—Lateral view of another corallum. 
7.—Ventral view exhibiting the margin of the 
tubes joined in polygonal outline. 


ENALLOPHYLLUM GRABAUI, N. Sp. 


8—9-12.—Lateral views of three examples exhib- 

iting the calicular budding. 
10.—Lateral view of a small corallum, exhibiting 

the broad sear at the point of attachment. 

11-18-14-18.—Anterior views of different co- 
rallums. 

15-16-17.—Lateral views of three corallums, 
where the sides are broken away to show the 
tabulate area. 


ROMINGERIA CYSTOIDES, N. Sp. (Grabau.) 


19-22.—Lateral views of different corallums. 
20-21-23.—Ventral views of three examples ex- 
hibiting the different modes of growth. 


PAGE 


55 


55 


54 


CONTRIBUTION TO INDIANA PALRONTOLOGY. 


= 


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a ee we 


EXPLANATION OF PLATES, 


FIG. 
PEG. 
FIG. 
LG: 


FIG. 


EPG. 


FIG. 
PEG. 


PLATE 2l. 


GOMPHOCERAS STRIATUM, N. Sp. (Rowley.) 


1.—Front view of the aperture. 

2.—Ventral side view of same specimen. 

3.—Dorsal side view of same individual. 

4,—End view of the last septum preserved, show- 
ing the lateral position of the siphuncle, 
same specimen. 


GOMPHOCERAS BELLATULUM, N. Sp. (Rowley.) 


5.—Front view to show the size and shape of the 
aperture. 
6.—Outer-surface of the first chamber wall of an- 
other specimen, showing the ventral position 
of the siphuncle. 
7-8.—Dorsal and ventral views respectively of 
another specimen. 


GOMPHOCERAS FACETUM, N. Sp. (Rowley.) 


9.—Front view of the large, almost V-shaped, ap- 
erture. : 
10-11.—Ventral and dorsal views of another 
specimen. 
12.—Posterior end view of the same, showing the 
position of the siphuncle. 


GOMPHOCERAS OVIFORME? Hall Sp. Rowley. 


13.—Lateral view of an internal cast from chert. 
14.—Cross section to show elliptical outtine. 


CRANOCERAS? ELLIPTICUM, N. Sp. (Rowley.) 


15.—Side view of an internal cast. 
16,—End view of the same. 
(Continued on next page.) 


PAGE 


EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 


PLATE 21. (GONTINUBD.) 


TEMNOCHILUS? Sp? 


FIG. 17.—The specimen shows septa, siphuncle and 
chambers. 


TEMNOCHILUS COXANUM, M. and W. Sp. Rowley. 


FIG. 18.—Smalier end view to show position of the si- 
phuncle and outline of the shell. 
FIGS. 19-20.—Dorsal and lateral views respectively of 
the same specimen. 


GRAMMYSIA? IMBRICATA, Rowley. 


FIGS. 21-22.—Top and side views of a valve. 


CRANIA MODESTA, W. and St. J. Sp. Rowley, 


FIGS. 23-24.—Two views of the upper valve of a fine 
specimen attached to the broachial valve of a 
Seminula argentea. 


CRANIA DELICATA, N. Sp. (Rowley.) 


FIG. 25.—Two under valves attached to the convex 
surface of Productus tenuicostus. 


CRANIA? LEMONI, N. Sp. (Rowley.) 


FIG. 26.—A group of these little shells attached to the 
pedicel valve of Productus semireticulatus x2. 


PAGE 


59 


60 


60 


60 


60 


61 


SCAPHIOCRINUS? LONGITENTACULATUS, N. Sp. (Rowley.) 61 


FIG. 27.—View of the type specimen as seen on the slab. 


All the figures on this plate are drawn natural size, 
except 26, which is two diameters. 


CONTRIBUTION TO INDIANA PALAONTOLOGY. 


PART 7. | PL. XXI. . 


A AO Pe ak ee en ey 


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EXPLANATION OF PLATES, 


PEAT E222, PAGE 
HELIOPHYLLUM AMPLIATUM, N. Sp. 62 


FIG. 1.—Lateral view of a matured example. 
FIG. 2,.—Calix view of another individual. 


HELIOPHYLLUM CONIGERUM, N. Sp. 62 


FIG. 38.—Lateral view of a well preserved example. 
FIG. 4.—Calix view of another specimen. 


CYSTIPHYLLUM MULTICRENATUM, N. Sp. 63 


FIG. 5.—Calix view showing the vesiculose structure 
in the bottom of the cup, and the invagin- 
ated appearance. 

FIG. 6.—Oblique posterior view of another specimen, 
showing the well developed lamellae, and 
exhibiting a bud in the bottom of the cup. 

FIG. %7.—ULateral view of a decorticated specimen, 
exhibiting the fine vesiculose structure. 


ZAPHRENTIS OBSCURUS, N. Sp. 63 


FIG. 8.—Posterior view of a small example. 

FIG. 9.—lLateral view of another specimen with a 
portion of the cup broken away to exhibit 
the bottom of the calix and the lamelle. 

FIG. 10.—Oblique posterior view of another individ- 
ual exhibiting the lamellee. 


CONTRIBUTION TO INDIANA PALEONTOLOGY. 


TBridghan 


PL. XXII. 


a te ee Te is 


EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 


PLATE 23. 
PENTREMITUS ALTUS, N.Sp. (Rowley.) 


FIG. 1.—Side view of the type specimen. 
FIGS. 2-3.—Side and ventral views of a specimen, 
doubtfully referred to this species. 


AOROCRINUS CASSEDAYI. Lyon. Rowley. 


FIG. . 4.—Side view of a broad specimen. 
FIG. 5.—Anal view of a longer specimen. 


AOCROCRINUS CASSEDAYI. Var. Charlestownensis, 
N. Var. (Rowley.) 


FIG. 6.—Basal view of the type specimen. 


AOROCRINUS DEPRESSUS, N. Sp. (Rowley) 


FIG. 7.—Basal view of the type specimen. 


STROPHOSTYLUS AMPLUS, N. Sp. (Rowley.) 


FIG. 8.—Side-view of the type specimen. 


NATICOPSIS DUBIA, N. Sp. (Rowley.) 


FIGS. 9, 10-11.—Side and top views of the type specimen. 


PLATYSTOMA Sisal bap Hall. Rowley. 


eet 
FIG. 12.—Side view ofa , coiled specimen. 


SPIRIFERINA HORIZONTALIS, N. Sp. (Rowley.) 


ee of 
F{GS. 13-14.—Brachial and pedical views eg the type 


specimen. 
FIG. 15.—Side view of the same to show the horizon- 
tal character of the cardinal area. 
FIG. 36.—View of the inside of the pedical valve. 


PAGE 
64 


65 


66 


Q 
~) 


EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 


FIGS. 
ELGG. 


FIGS. 


FIG. 
FIGS. 


FIGS. 


FIGS. 


FIGS. 


FIGS. 


FIGS. 


FIGS. 


PLATE 23.—Continued PaGE 


BLOTHROPHYLLUM GREENE], N. Sp. (Rowley.) 


16-17.—Side and calix views of a large specimen. 

18.—Side view of another large irregular shaped 
individual. 

19-20 —Side views of ‘two smaller specimens, 


SPIRIFER LATERALIS, Var. DELICATUS, N. Var. (Rowley.) 


21.—Cardinal view of a specimen. 
22-23.—Front and brachial views of another specimen. 


ORBICULOIDEA PARVA, N. Sp. (Rowley.) 


24-25.—Two views of the type specimen. 


CRANIA ROBUSTA, N. Sp (Rowley.) 


26-27.--Two views of the type specimen. 


CRANIA DEPRESSA, N. Sp. (Rowley.) 


298-29.—External and internal views of a de- 
tached upper valve. 


PRODUCTUS PARVICOSTATUS, N. Sp. Rowley. 


30-31.—Side and ventral view of the type. 


PLATYCERAS CIRCULARIS, N. Sp. (Rowley-) 


32-33.-—-Side view and view of the aperture. 


LEPETOPSIS LEVETTEI, White. Rowley. 


34-35.—Two views of a specimen from the Keokuk 
Limestone. 


68 


68 


69 


69 


69 


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CONTRIBUTION TO INDIANA PALAONTOLOGY. 


XXIII 


PL 


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EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 


PLATE 24. 
MEGISTOCRINUS CORNIGER, N. Sp. (Rowley.) 


FIGS. 1, 2, 3-4.—Dorsal, ventral and side views of 
the type. (Fig. 4 is turned in such a way 
as to show the six spines. ) 


MEGISTOCRINUS EXPANSUS, Var. INFLATUS, 
N. Var. (Rowley. ) 


FIGS. 5, 6-7.—Dorsal, ventral and side views of the type. 


MEGISTOCRINUS CIRCULUS, N. Sp. (Rowley.) 


FIGS. 8, 9-10.—Dorsal, ventral and side views of the type. 


MEGISTOCRINUS UNICORNIS, N. Sp. (Rowley.) 
FIGS. 11-12.—Dorsal and ventral views of the type. 
FIG. 18.—Sid view of the same inverted. 


MEGISTOCRINUS EXPANSUS, Miller and Gurley. Rowley. 


FIGS. 14, 15-16.—Dorsal, ventral and side view of a 
small individual. 


PAGE 


“1 
bo 


PART 8. 


CONTRIBUTION TO-INDIANA PALBONTOLOGY. 


PL. XXIV. 


fred D Stichter Dei 


a PLE ne Reve 


EXPLANATION OF PLATES, 


PLATE. 26. PAGE 
FAVOSITES SEAMANI, N. Sp. 75 


FIG. 1.—Lateral view of a large corallum. 


CERATOPORA FLABELLATA, N. Sp. 75 


FIG. 2.—ULateral view of a large corallum. 
“FIGS. 8-4.—Lateral views of two smaller individuals. 


CERATOPORA SEPARATA, N. Sp. 76 


FIGS. 5-6.—Lateral views of two different corallums. 


CERATOPORA NANUS, N. Sp. 76 


FIGS. 7-8-9-10.—Ventral views of four different 


eorallumes. 


CERATOPORA CONGLOMERATA, N. Sp. 77 


FIG. 11.—A large explanate corrallum. 

FIG. 12.—A corralum growing on a Heliophyllum 
Corniculum. 

FIG. 18.—Another example growing on a Stroma- 


topora. 


CONTRIBUTION TO INDIANA PALAONTOLOGY. 


PART 9. PL. XXV. 


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EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 


PEATE 26: PAGE 
NUCLEOCRINUS CUCULLATUS, N. Sp. (Rowley.) 77 


FIGS. 1-2.—Anal side and ventral views of the 
type s} ecimen. 


NUCLEOCRINUS VERNEUILI, Var. Inflatus, N. Var, (Rowley.) 78 


FIG. 3.—Side view of a specimen. 
FIG. 4.—Basal view of another specimen. 
FIG. 5.—Summit view of a different specimen. 


NUCLEGCRINUS VERNEUILI, Var. Sulcatus, N. Var. (Rowley.) 78 
FIGS. 6-7.—Side and basal views of the type 
specimen. 


FIG. %.—Summit view of another specimen. 


NUCLEOCRINUS VERNEUILI, Troost. Rowley. 19 


FIG. 9.—Side view of an elongate specimen, 

FIG. 10.—Anal side view of a more rotund specimen. 

FIGS. 14-15.—Side and summit views of a small 
elongate specimen. 

FIG. 18.—Anal side view of an elongate specimen 
with contracted base. 

FIG. 19.—Side view ofa strongly ornamented speci- 
men. 

FIG. 2!.—End view of an imperfect elongate speci- 

: men. (Base.) 

FIG. 22.—Side view of a small elongate specimen, 
perfectly circular in cross section. 

FIG. 11.—Side view of an elongate, pentangular 
specimen. : 

FIG. 12.—Anal side view of an elongate, pentangular 
specimen. 

FIG. 20.—Side view of another elongate, pentangu- 
lar specimen. 


P=) 


NUCLEOCRINUS VERNEUILI, Var. Pomum (?) Etheridge & Carpenter. Rowley. 


FIG. 17.—Side view of a plump specimen, showing 
: strong ornamentation. 
FIG. 16.—Anal side view of another specimen. 


NUCLEOCRINUS VERNEUILI, Troost. Rowley. 80 


FIG. 18.—Side view of the largest specimen in the 
collection. 


CONTRIBUTION TO INDIANA PALBONTOLOGY. 


PART 9. PL, XXVI. 


20 
Freo D Stienten, Der. 


EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 


PEATE:27. 
NUCLEOCRINUS ANGULARIS, Lyon, Rowley. 


FIGS. 1, 2-8—Summit, basal and anal views of 
three different specimens. 
FIG. 4.—Opposite side view of specimen figure 8, 


NUCLEOCRINUS VENUSTUS, Miller & Gurley, Rowley. 


FIGS. 5, 6, 7-8.—Ventral, dorsal, anal and opposite 
side views of four different specimens 


. NUCLEOCRINUS STICHTERI, N. Sp. (Rowley. ) 


FIGS. 9, 10-11.—-Anterior side, anal and ventral 
views of the type specimen. 


NUCLEOCRINUS GREENE], Miller & Gurley, Rowley. 


FIGS. 12. 18, 14-15.—Dorsal, ventral and opposite 
side views of four different specimens. 


FIG. 16.—Side view of a large specimen, appa- 
rintly of this species, 


NUCLEOCRINUS VERNEUILI, Troost, Rowley. 


FIG. 17.—Ventral view of an elongate specimen 
from which the substance of the summit 
plates has been removed, leaving five pits 
or depressions instead. 

FIG. 18-19.—Side and summit views of a deformed 
specimen with but four ambulacra, and 
showing the roof of small plates over the 
summit opening. 

FIG. 20.—Side view of a specimen in which the 
anal plate is bounded eitber side by an 
elongate, triangular plate. 

FIG. 21.—Basal view of an elongate specimen, 
showing the pentagonal pit, the three short 
ridges and a stem joint. 

FIG. 22.—Side view of a specimen with an appa- 
rent, elongate, triangular plate, either side 
of the anal plate. 

FIG. 23.—Summit view x 2 of a specimen with a 
ventral roof of small papulose plates. 

FIGS. 17 to 23.—See page 


NUCLEOCRINUS IMITATOR, N. Sp., (Rowley.) 
FIGS. 24, 25, 26-27. =a opposite side, ventral 


and dorsal views of four different specimens. 


FIG. 28.—Ventral view of figure 24. 


PAGE 
82 


83 


83 


81 


84 


CONTRIBUTION TO INDIANA PALZONTOLOGY. 


PART 9. PL AXVIT, 


Freo.D.Sricwrea. Dec 


EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 


FLATE 26. 
HELIOPHYLLUM IGNOTUM. N. Sp. 


FIG. 1.—Lateral view of a matured specimen, exhib- 
iting the strong annulations and con- 
strictions. 

FIG. 2.—Posterior and calix view of another exam- 
ple, exhibiting the coalescing, and twist- 
ing of the lamelle in the bottom of the 
calix. 


HELIOPHYLLUM ADNASCENS. N. Sp. 


FIG. 38.—Calix view of a simple corallum, a portion 
of the calix is broken away, but the artist 
has failed to indicate this. 

FIG. 4.—Lateral view of a perfect composite coral- 
lum, natural size. 

FIG. 5.—View of a longitudinal section of a compos- 
ite example, exhibiting the elevated la- 
mellze in the bottom of the calix, and ex- 
hibiting the interlamellar vesiculose 
space, natural size. 


ZAPHRENTIS AMPLEXIFORMIS. N. Sp. 


FIGS. 6-8.—Lateral views of two examples, where a 
portion of the cup has been removed to 
exhibit the broad tabula, and the deep 
ealix, and flattened lamelle. 

FIG. 7.—Lateral view of another individual, exhib- 
iting the curved point of attachment, and 
the root-like processes, that served for 
support. 


PAGE 


86 


4 


. 


CONTRIBUTION TO INDIANA PALRONTOLOGY. 


PART 10. 


Fibers. OE | 


EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 


FLATE 29: 
PENTREMITES GODONI, De France. Rowley. 


FIGS. 1-2.—Basal and side views of a six-rayed speci- 
men, figure 2 showing the size and shape 
of the extra radial. 

FIGS. 3-4.—Summitand side views of aspecimen with 
a pyramid covering the ventral Openings 
and a low arching integument extending 
a short distance downward over each am- 
bulacrum.- 

FIGS. 7-8.—Summit and side views of a specimen 
with but four ambulacral fields, the fifth 
radial being narrow and _ indistinctly 
grooved along the middle. A strong 
rounded fold extends down the middle of 
one of the four ambulacral areas. 


PENTREMITES PYRIFORMIS, Say, Rowley. 


FIG. 12.—Side view of a specimen that has been in- 
jured in life and repaired by the secretion 
of stony material along the lines of frac- 
ture or crushing. 

FIGS. 21-22-23.—Side and basal views of a six-rayed 
specimen, figure 22 showing the extra 

ndn-ambulacral bearing radial plate and 
figure 23, the irregularity in outline 
due to the crowding of two ambulacra. 


PEN TREMITES KONINCKANUS, Hall, Rowley. 


FIGS. 5-6.—Side and summit views of a specimen 
showing the summit pyramid, x 2. 

FIGS. 9, 10a-11.—Basal, summit and side views of a 
tetraradiate specimen, the central part of 
one ambslacral area being occupied by a 
strong fold, x 2.° 

FIG. 10.—Is a faulty drawing corrected in 10a, x 2. 

FIGS. 13-14.—Side and basal views of a symmetrical 
four-rayed r Specimen, bes 


PENTREMITES CONOIDEUS, Hall, Rowley. 


FIGS. 29-30.—Side views of two different specimens 
to show outline. 

FIG. 37.—Interior of a specimen, broken across, 
showing the hydrospire folds, x 2. 

FIG. 3.—Similar view of another specimen, show- 
ing one hydrospire area. 

FIG. 39.—An interior view of a specimen showing the 

, anal opening, mouth and broken hydro- 
spire tubes, x 2. 


PAGE 
89 


90 


EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 


PLATE 29,—Continued. 


FIG. 40.—Interior view of a specimen showing the 
ambulacral pores beneath the hydrospire 
folds, the latter broken away. 

FIG. 41.—A specimen with the test broken away be- 
low, exposing the cast of the cavity and 
the ‘thickness of the test at the pe Dulac 
ral tips. 


PENTREMITES CONOIDEUS, ’ Var. Perlongus, N. Var, (Rowley.) 


FIG. 28.—Side view of type, showing outline. 


PENT REMITES CONOIDEUS, Var. Amplus, N. Var. (Rowley.) 


FIGS. 31, 32, 33-34.—Side views of different indi- 
viduals, BuOnene outline. 


TRICOELOCRINUS WOODMANI, M. & W., Rowley. 


FIGS. 85-36.—Side and basal views of a specimen, 
showing the triangular column and the 
minute columnar perforation. 

FIGS. 42-43.—Side and basal views of the triangular 
column of another specimen. 


ORBITREMITES OPPELT]I, N. Sp. (Rowley.) 


FIGS. 15-16.—Side and ventral views of the type 
specimen. 

FIG. 17.—Another specimen consisting of an entire 
ambulacrum. 

FIGS, 18, 19-20.—Side and summit views of this 
species in restoration. 


TALAROCRINUS SIMPLEX, Shumard, Rowley. 


FIG. 24.—Side view of a specimen with an extra ¢ca- 
lyx plate. 

FIGS. 25-26 —Side views of another specimen, hav- 
ing two extra calyx plates. 

FIG. 27,—A normal specimen from the Keokuk lime- 

stone. 


PAGE 


90 


86 


91 


CONTRIBUTION TO INDIANA PALEONTOLOGY. 


PL. XXIX. 


PART 10. 


NY OM Mvnnotn ae 
TWN) Ss 


é 
amano, . 
YANTRA 


iQ 7 


39 


ay Fred. D Stichter Del 


33 


a ae 


EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 


PLATE so. 


ELEUTHEROCRINUS CASSEDAYI, Shumard & Yandell, Rowley. 


FIGS. 1-2.—Anterior and posterior views of the same 
specimen. 

FIG. 3.—Basal view of a large specimen. 

FIG. 4.—Ventral view of a smaller specimen. 


PENTREMITIDEA? DUBIA, N. Sp. (Rowley-) 


FIGS. 5, 6-7.—Side, ventral and dorsal views of 
three different specimens. 
FIG. 11.—Side view of a larger specimen. 


PENT REMITIDEA ? APPROXIMATA, N. Sp. (Rowley.) 


FIG. 8—Ventral view of the type specimen. 
FIGS. 82-33.—Side views of two specimens probably 
belonging to this species. 


PENTREMITIDEA LEDA? Var. Magna, N. Var. (Rowley.) 


FIGS. 9-10.—Side and ventral views of the type 
specimen. 


CODASTER ATTENUATUS, Var. robustus, N. Var. (Rowley.) 


FIGS. 12-13.—Ventral and side views of the type 
specimen. 
FIGS. 16-17.—Ventral and side, views of a specimen 
referred doubtfully to this variety. 


CODASTER ATTENUATUS? Lyon. Rowley. 


FIGS. 14-15.—Summit and side views of a specimen. 
(Fig. 14 is incorrectly drawn.) 


CODASTER PYRAMIDATUS, Shumard, Rowley. 


FIGS. 18-19.—Ventral and side views of a small 
specimen. 

FIGS. 24-25.—Ventral and side views of a larger 
specimen, injured at the summit. 

FIGS. 22-23.—Summit and side views of a small but 
well preserved specimen. 


CODASTER ATTENUATUS, Lyon. Rowley. 


FIGS. 20-21.—Summit and side views of a medium 
sized specimen. 


CODASTER Sp? 


FIGS. 26-27.—Side views of two different individ- 
uals, the latter x 2. 


PAGE 
9] 


93 


94 


_ oF 


© 
or 


EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 


PLATE 30.—Continued. 
MET ABLASTUS BIPYRAMIDALIS? Hall. Rowley. 


FIGS. 28, 29, 30-81. See, side, ventral and dorsal 
views of a fine specimen. 


ORBITREMITES GRANDIS, N. Sp. (Rowley.) 


FIGS. 34-35.—Side and summit view of the type 
specimen. 


PENTREMITES GODONI, DeFrance. Rowley. 


FIG. 386.—A ground specimen showing the hydro- 
spire tubes and lancet canals. 

FIG. 39.—Side view of a smaller specimen with sev- 
eral stem joints attached. 


PENTREMITES PYRIFORMIS, Say. Rowley. 


FIG. 387.—Side view of a large, broad specimen, 
probably a good variety. 

FIG. 88.—Side view of a iarge fine specimen with 
deep sinuses. 

FIGS. 40-41.—Side views of two interesting speci- 

mens with stem joints attached. 

FIGS. 42-43.—Side and ventral views of an elongate 
form, probably of varietal importance. 

FIGS. 44-45,—Ventral and side views of a small speci- 
men probably of this species. 


PAGE 
96 


96 


97 


9% 


CONTRIBUTION TO INDIANA PALAONTOLOGY. 
PART 10. | ereeites PL, XXX. 


Oe 


Freo.D. Sricnrear. Dew “at 


2 I 


EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 


PLATE 31. 
ERIDOPHYLLUM LOUISVILLENSIS, N. Sp. 


FIG. 1—Ventral view. 


| DIPHYPHYLLUM BILLINGSI, N. Sp 


oe 


FIG. 2—Ventral view of the corallum. 
FIG. 3—Lateral view of the same specimen. 


BORDENIA KNAPPI, 


FIGS. 4-8—Ventral views exhibiting calicular budding. 
FIGS. 5-7-10—Ventral views of three composite examples. 
FIGS. 6-9—Lateral views of two ordinary sized corallums. 


FIGS. 11—Ventral view of a broadly expanded cup. 


CONTRIBUTION TO INDIANA PALAONTOLOGY. 


PART 11. PL, XXXI. 


FPoleere. DEL. 


~ 


EXPLANATION OF PLATES. iS 


PLATE 32. - PAGE 


GENNAEOCRINUS FACETUS, N. Sp., (Rowley.) 


FIGS. 1-2~3—Ventral, anal side and dorsal views of a small specimen. 
FIGS. 4-5-6—Ventral, anal side and dorsal views of a large specimen. 


AOROCRINUS CASSEYDAYI, Lyon, Rowley. 


FIGS. 7-8-9—Ventral, anal side and dorsal views of a fine specimen. 


oo 


DOLATOCRINUS, Sp.? 


FIGS. 10-11-12—Ventral, side and dorsal views of an abnormal specimen. 


MEGISTOCRINUS RUGOSUS, Var. Spinuliferus, N. Var. Rowley. 


FIGS. 18-14-15—Ventral, anal side and dorsal views of the type specimen. 
é ' : 


DOLATOCRINUS ASPRATILIS, M. & G., Rowley. 
FIGS. 16-17-18—Ventral, dorsal and side views of a fine specimen. 


MEGISTOCRINUS EXPANSUS, Var. Magniventrus, N. Var., (Rowley.) 


FIGS. 19-20-21—Ventral, dorsal and side views of a small specimen. 


STEPHANOCRINUS DEFORMIS, N, Sp., (Rowley.) 


FIGS. 22-23—Side and ventral views of the same specimen 


STEPHANOCRINUS GEMMIFORMIS, Hall, Rowley. 


FIGS. 24-25—Side and ventral views of the same specimen. 


STEPHANOCRINUS OSGOODENSIS, Miller, Rowley. 


FIGS. 26-27—Side and summit views of the same specimen. 


STEPHANOCRINUS HAMMELLI, Miller, Rowley. 


FIGS. 28-29—Side and ventral views of two different specimens. 
FIG. 80—Side view of a smaller specimen. 


STEPHANOCRINUS QUINQUEPARTITUS, N. Sp, (Rowley.) 


FIGS. 31-32-33—Side, basal and summit views of the same specimen. 


~ 


101 


102 
102 | 
102 
103° 
103 
104 


104 


104 - 


105 


CONTRIBUTION ‘TO INDIANA PALEONTSLOGY. 


PART 11. PL. XXXII. 


| 
= | 


Freo D Srienter Dew 


. 


EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 


PLATE 33. PAGE, 


GENNAEOCRINUS COMPTUS, N. Sp., (Rowley. ) 


FIGS. 1-2-3—Ventral, anal side and dorsal views of the type. 


GENNAEOCRINUS SCULPTUS, N. Sp., (Rowley.) 
FIGS. 4-5-6—Ventral, side and dorsal views of the type. 


GENNAEOCRINUS COMPTUS, Var. Spiniferus, N. Var., (Rowley.) 
FIGS. 7-8-9—Ventral, anal side and dorsal views of the type. 


GENNAEOCRINUS KENTUCKIENSIS? Shumard? Rowley. 


FIGS. 10-11-12—Ventral, anal side and dorsal views of a large, some- 
what injured, specimen. 


AOROCRINUS CASSEDAYI, Lyon, Rowley. 


FIGS. 18-14-15—Ventral, anal side and dorsal views of a fine specimen. 


DOLATOCRINUS PULCHELLUS, M. & G., Rowley. 


FIGS. 16-17-18—Ventral, side and dorsal views of a small specimen. 


105 


107 


107 


108 


108 


109 


eS Oe ee ee, ee 


CONTRIBUTION TO INDIANA PALAONTOLOGY., 


PART 11. 


ae 


eh 


EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 


PLATE 34. 
HELIOPHYLLUM MIRUM, N. Sp. 


FIG. 1—Lateral view of a large individual. 
FIG. 2—Calix view of another example. 


HELIOPHYLLUM DISPANSUM, N. Sp. 


FIG. 38—Lateral view of an ordinary sized example. 
FIG. 4—Calix view of a well preserved specimen. 


HELIOHPHYLLUM CROTALUM, N. Sp. 


FIG. 5—Lateral view, 
FIG. 6—Calix view of another specimen. 


ZAPHRENTIS WEBERI, N. Sp. 


FIG. 7—Posterior view of a large example. 
FIGS. 8, 9-11—Calix views of three different specimens. 
FIG. 10—Anterior view of a small individual. 


STRIATOPORA BELLISTRIATA, N. Sp. 


FIG. 12—ULateral view of a large fragment. 


g@sThis drawing is not satisfactory, and will appear again in a later number. 


PAGE 
110 


116 


111 


111 


112 


CONTRIBUTION TO INDIANA PALEONTOLOGY. 


PART 12. PL 


AL ERS A WN EASES 


Le att 


EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 


GEATE-35. 
DOLATOCRINUS EXCAVATUS, Var. Incarinatus, N. Var., (Rowley.) 


FIGS. 1-2-3—Dorsal, side and ventral views of the type specimen. 


DOLATOCRINUS PERNODOSUS, N. Sp. (Rowley.) 


FIGS. 4-5-6—Dorsal, side and ventral views of the type specimen. 


CALCEOCRINUS GRANULIFERUS, N. Sp. (Rowley.) 


FIG. 7—Dorsal side view of the type. 
FIGS. 8-9—Outer and inner views of the basal plate. 


PLATYCRINUS DEVONICUS, N. Sp. (Rowley.) 


FIGS. 10-11—Side and basal views of the anchylosed basal cup. 


All figures in this plate are of natural size. 


114 


114 


CONTRIBUTION TO INDIANA PALAONTSLOGY. 
PARIAZ. : “PL: XKKYV. 


EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 


PLATE 36. 
PENTREMITES OBESUS, Lyon, Rowley. 


FIGS. 1, 2-8—Side, basal and summit views of a fine specimen. 


PENTREMITES SULCATUS, Roemer, Rowley. 


FIG. 4—Side view of a specimen showing the visceral cavity through 
a break in the test. 

FIG. 5—View of a fragment in which the greatly sunken character of 
the ambulacrum is shown as also the folded, irregular edge of the 
bounding radials. 


PENTREMITES CHEROKEEUS, Troost, Rowley. 


FIG. 6—Side view of a medium specimen to show the character of the 
ambulacra and the bounding radial and deltoid lips. 


PENTREMITES CHESTERENSIS, Hambach, Rowley. 


FIGS. 7-8—Side and summit views of a fine, but imperfect specimen. 
FIGS. 9, 10-11—Side, basal and summit views of another specimen. 


PENTREMITES ROBUSTUS, Lyon, Rowley. 


FIG. 12—Side view of a specimen apparently of this species. 


PENTREMITES, Sp. (?) 


FIG. 18—Side view of a unique specimen of doubtful species. 


PENTREMITES PYRIFORMIS, Say, Rowley. 


FIG. 14—Side view of an unusually large specimen. 

FIG. 15—Side view of a young individual. 

FIG. 16-17—Side and summit views of a specimen with an extra radial 
plate. 


PENTREMITES GODONI, De France, Rowley. 


FIG. 18—Summit view of an abraded surface, showing double spiracles. 


a 


PAGE 
115 


116 


116 


117 


118 


119 


EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 


PLATE 36.—Continued. 

FIG. 19—Summit view of a specimen having only four ambulacra, but 
five radial plates. 

FIG. 20—Side view of a deformed specimen. 

FIG. 21—Summit view of a specimen with a ridge extending from the 
distal end of an'ambulacrum to the middle, along the lancet piece. 

FIG. 22—Basal view of a specimen with six radial plates and five am- 
bulacra, but symmetrical as to base and summit. 

FIGS. 23-24—Side and summit views of two internal casts. 

FIG. 25—A side view showing the visceral cast where the test has been 
removed. 

FIG. 26—Interior view of two hydrospire groups in a broken specimen. 

FIG. 27—Side view of a specimen showing the pinules along one am- 
bulacrum. ; 

FIGS. 28-29—End views of two ground specimens, showing hydro- 
spires, pores, etc. 

FIG. 30—A group of bydrospires magnified. See lancet plate and canal. 

FIGS. 31-32—Side and ventral views of a specimen whose summit is 
covered by a pyramid. 

FIGS. 33, 34-35—Side views of a specimen displaying two ventral 
coverings, the outer so broken as to show galleries and tunnels. 

FIG. 36—Side view of a specimen with a ventral pyramid. 

FIGS. 37-38—Side and summit views of a four-sided specimen in 
which one ambulacrum is traversed its full length by a ridge, fol- 
lowing the line of the groove. 


PENTREMITES CALYCINUS, Lyon, Rowley. 


—— 


FIGS. 39-40—Side views of two specimens of different sizes. 


PENTREMITES CONOIDEUS, Hall, Rowley. 


FIG. 41—Side view of an elongate, ‘‘four-sided’’ specimen, the non- 
_ ambulacral-bearing radial being turned toward the observer. 

FIG. 42—Ventral view of another ‘‘four-sided’’ specimen. 

FIG. 43—Side view of a deformed specimen. 

FIG. 44—Side view of a small specimen, preserving several stem joints. 


PAGE 


125 


126 


EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 


PLATE 36.—Continued. PAGE 
PENTREMITES KONINCKANUS, Hall, Rowley. 126 


FIG. 45—Side view of a specimen with several stem joints attached. 


CARPENTEROBLASTUS VERY], N. Sp., (Rowley.) 127 


FIGS. 46, 47-48—Side, summit and basal views of the type specimen. 


METABLASTUS NITIDULUS, M. & G., Rowley. 128 


FIG. 49—Side view of a specimen from Lanesville, Ind. 


CODASTER ATTENUATUS, Lyon, Rowley. 128 


FIGS. 50-51—Summit and side views of a ‘‘four-sided’’ specimen. 
The ventral surface of the specimen is poorly preserved. 


NUCLEOCRINUS VERNEUILI, Troost, Rowley. 128 


FIG. 52—Summit view of a specimen preserving the integument of 
ventral cover plates. 

FIG. 58—Side view of a smaller specimen in which the anal plate is 
abruptly prominent near the summit. 

FIG. 54—Side view of a specimen showing at ‘‘q’’ the tunnel beneath 
the ventral roof connecting the ambulacral groove with the vis- 
ceral cavity. 

FIG. 55—Summit view ofa specimen approaching WV. meloniformis. 
This specimen also shows the same features as Fig. 52. 

FIG. 56—Enlarged view of a group of hydrospires of verneuzli. 


NUCLEOCRINUS GREENE], M. & G., Rowley. 128 


FIG. 57—Inverted basal view of a specimen to show the convex base. 


CONTRIBUTION Tet 


AL E0 


NDIANA P 


NOLOGY. 


PART 12. 


PL. XXXVI. 


RR Rowley Ded. 


——— = WY 


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EXPLANATION OF PLATES, 


PLATE 37. PAGE 
MICHELINIA WARDI “9A 130 


baa 
FIG. 1—Ventral view showing the circular tubes. 
FIG. 2—Ventral view of another example. 
FIG. 3—Basal view of another individual. 


CHONOPHYLLUM PYGMAIUM. 4 tp 130 


FIG. 4—Ventral view of the type specimen. 


ZAPHRENTIS TRISINUATUS. W“ $f 131 


FIGS. 5-6-7—Lateral views of three different specimens. 


STRIATOPORA BELLISTRIATA. 4, 94° 131 
FIG. 8—Lateral view ofa large fragment. See contribution to Indiana 
Palwontology, part 12, page 112, plate XXXWIy figure 12, July 18, 
1908, for description and explanation. 


CONTRIBUTION TO INDIANA PALBONTOLOGY. 


PART 13. PL. XXXVII. 


SA 


Tey 


4o* 


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EXPLANATION OF PLATES, 


. PLATE 38. PAGE 
MEGISTOCRINUS RUGOSUS, L. & C. Rowley. 131 


FIGS. 1-2—Basal and side views of a fine specimen. 

FIGS. 3-4—Basal and side views of another imperfect specimen. 
FIG. 5—Basal view of an imperfect calyx. 

FIG. 6—Dorsal view of a large imperfect calyx. 


FIG. 11—Basal view of a smaller crushed specimen showing a concave 
basal region. 


DOLATOCRINUS ARROSUS? M. & G. Rowley. 132 


FIGS. 9-10—Dorsal ane side views of a small specimen. 


STEMMATOCRINUS? VERYI, N. Sp. (Rowley) 133 


F1IGS.¥8-9—Basal and side views of the type specimen. 


NDIA 


NA PALEONTOLOGY. 


CONTRIBUTION TO 1 


PART 13. 


PEOARRVE, 


a ae ee ese ee a an oe eS dis a ith d inst teal let atti ts wr oe 


EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 


FEATE-s9. 
DOLATOCRINUS FUNGIFERUS, N. Sp. (Rowley) 


FIGS. 1-2-8—Veutral, dorsal and side views of the type specimen. 


DOLATOCRINUS EXCAVATUS, W. & S. Rowley. 


FIG. 4—Basal view of the dorsal cup. 


MEGISTOCRINUS OPPELTI, N. Sp. (Rowley) 


FIG. 5—Basal view of the type specimen. 


DOLATOCRINUS APLATUS, M.&G. Rowley. 


FIGS. 6-7-8—Ventral, dorsal, and side views of the same specimen. 


DOLATOCRINUS SPRINGERI, N. Sp. (Rowley) 


FIGS. 9-10-11—Dorsal, ventral and side views of the type specimen. 


DOLATOCRINUS ARROSUS, Var. Cognatus, N. Var. (Rowley) 


FIGS. 12-13-14—Ventral, dorsal and side views of the type of the 
variety. 


PAGE 


134 


134 


135 


136 


136 


137 


CONTRIBUTION TO INDIANA PALAONTOLOGY. 


PART 13. PL. X 


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EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 


PEATE 40. 
ALVEOLITES DISPANSA, N. Sp. 


1-2-3—Ventral views of three examples. 


ALVEOLITES SUBANGULARIS, N. Sp. 


4—5-6—Ventral views of three small corallums. 


HELIOPHYLLUM CONVERGENS. 


7-8-10-11-13—Views of the calix. 
9—View of anterior side showing the wrinkled surface. 


12—Calix view exhibiting two small buds. 


HELIOPHYLLUM ZENKERI, 


14—View of anterior side showing the wrinkled surface. 


15-16-17-18—Calix views of different corallums. 


138 


139 


139 


PAL HONTOLOGY. 


CONTRIBUTION TO INDIANA 


PART 14. 


ee ee 


OO OE me RT Re Oe ene 


x 


EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 


PLATE 41. 
DOLATOCRINUS NODULIFERUS, N. Sp. (Rowley) 


FIGS. 1-2-83—Veutral, side and dorsal views of the type specimen. 


MEGISTOCRINUS EXPANSUS, Var, Magniventrus. Rowley. 


FIGS. 4-5-6—Ventral, dorsal and side views of a large specimen. 


DOLATOCRINUS MULTIBRACHIATUS, N. Sp. (Rowley) 


FIG. 7—Dorsal view of the type specimen. 


AOROCRINUS CASSEDAYI, Var. Charlestownensis. Rowley. 


FIGS. 8-9-10—Ventral,anal side and dorsal views of a small specimen. 


PAGE 
140 


141 


141. 


142 


FIGS. 11-12-13—Ventral, anal side and dorsal views of a large specimen. 


DOLATOCRINUS WELLERI, N. Sp. (Rowley) 


F 14—Dorsal view of the type specimen. 


143 


NA PALAONTOLOGY. 


NDIA 


CONTRIBUTION TO | 


PART 14, 


PL. XL. 


2, 


EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 


PLATE 42. PAGE 
DOLATOCRINUS CURRIEI, N. Sp. (Rowley) 1438 


FIGS. 1-2—Ventral and side views of the type specimen. 
FIG. 8—Dorsal view of a larger specimen. 
FIGS. 4-5—Basal and side views of a large dorsal cup. 
FIG. 6—Basal view of an imperfect dorsal cup. 
DOLATOCRINUS EXCAVATUS? W.& Sp. Rowley. 145 
FIG. 7—Dorsal view of a badly worn specimen. 


MEGISTOCRINUS CORNIGER. Rowley. 145 


FIG. 8—Side view of a small specimen. 


FIGS. 10-11-12—Ventral, side and dorsal views of a still smaller speci- 
men. 


MEGISTOCRINUS HEMISPHERICUS? M. & G. Rowley. 145 


FIG. 9—Side view of a small specimen apparently of this species. 


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ONTRIBUTION TO INDIA 


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PART 14 


-- 


EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 


PLATE 43. PAGE 


HELIOPHYLLUM CONGLOMERATUM, N,. Sp. 146 


Uprer Fraure—Ventral view of a large corallum. 


HELIOPHYLLUM CONGREGATUM. N. Sp. 146 


Lower Ficurr—Ventral view of a large corallum. 


CONTRIBUTION TO INDIANA PALHONTOLOGY. 


PART 15. PL ACMI. 


i Nernst 


more new 


’ FO Sn ee | 


Qe ee 


EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 


BG: 
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PLATE 44. ; 
DOLATOCRINUS MULTINODOSUS, N. Sp. (Rowley) 


1—Basal view of the type specimen. 
2—Ventral view of the same specimen. 


8—Side view of the same. 


DOLATOCRINUS CORPOROSUS, Var. Concinnus, N. Var. (Rowley) 


4—Basal view of the specimen described. 
5—Ventral view of the same. 


6—Side view of the same. 


DOLATOCRINUS CORPOROSUS, Var. Decoratus, N. Var. (Rowley) 


7—Basal view of the specimen described. 
8—Ventral view of the same specimen. 


9—Same, side view. 


DOLATOCRINUS ELEGANTULUS, N. Sp. (Rowley) 


10—Basal view of the type specimen. 
11—Ventral view of the same. 


12—-Side view of the same. 


DOLATOCRINUS CORBULIFORMIS, N. Sp. (Rowley) 


13—Basal view of type specimen. 
14—-Ventral view of same. 
15—Side view of the same. 


PAGE 
147 


148 


149 


150 


151 


CONTRIBUTION TO INDIANA PALAONTOLOGY. 


PL. XLIV. 


PART 15, 


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EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 


FIGS. 
FIGS. 


PLES. 


PGS. 


10-11-12—Dorsal, side and ventral views of a fine specimen. 


PLATE 45. PAGE 
DOLATOCRINUS PRECIOSUS, M. & G. Rowley. 152 and 153 
1-2-3—Dorsal, side and ventral views of a splendid specimen. 
4—5-6—Similar views of a larger, 16 armed specimen. 
DOLATOCRINUS CHARLESTOWNENSIS, M. & G. Rowley. 153 
7-8-9—Side, dorsal and ventral views of a specimen. 
DOLATOCRINUS AMPLUS? M. & G, Rowley. 154 


CONTRIBUTION TO INDIANA PALEONTOLOGY 


PART 15. 


XLV. 


PL. 


+o 


EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 


PLATE 46. PAGE 
BLOTHROPHYLLUM HOUGHTONI. 156 


FIG. 1—Igteral view of a large corallum, from the Hamilton group 
of Gennessee county, New York. 

FIGS. 2-8—Lateral views of two specimens, from the Hamilton 
group, of Clark county, Indiana. 


FIG. 4—Anterior view of a small corallum, from the Hamilton group, 
of Crab Orchard, Kentucky. 


ZAPHRENTIS PROLIXUS, N. Sp. 156 


FIGS. 5-6—Posterior views of two corallums. Natural size. 


HELIOPHYLLUM VESICULATUM. 157 


FIGS. 7-8—Posterior views exhibiting the calix. 


FIGS. 9-10-11-12—Views of the calix of four different corallums. 


CONTRIBUTION TO INDIANA PALAONTOLOGY, 


PART 16 


_ EXPLANATION OF PLATES, 


PLATE 47. PAGE 


DOLATOCRINUS CORPOROSUS? M. & G., Rowley 


FIGS. 1, 2, 83—Dorsal, ventral and side views of a fine four-rayed speci- 
men. 


DOLATOCRINUS GREENEI, M. & G., Rowley 


FIGS. 4, 5, 6—Dorsal, ventral and side views of a thirteen armed speci- 
men. 

FIG, 25—View of one of the rays in which an interradial plate rests on 
the upper sloping side of an axillary costal. 


DOLATOCRINUS MARSHI, Lyon, Rowley 


FIGS. 7, 8—Dorsal and side views of a fine specimen. 


DOLATOCRINUS VENUSTUS, M. & G, Rowley 


FIGS. 9, 10—Side and ventral views of a specimen injured in growth by 
an Auloporoid coral that has become imbedded in the 
substance of the crinoid. 


MEGISTOCRINUS EXPANSUS, M. & G., Rowley 


FIGS. 11, 12, 183—Dorsal, ventral and side views of a young specimen. 


CERIOCRINUS (DELOCRINUS)? PRISCUS, N.Sp., (Rowley) 


FIGS. 14, 15, 16—Basal, top and side views of the type. 
FIG. 26—Basal view to show the plate arrangement. 


ELEUTHEROCRINUS' CASSEDAYI Y. & S,, Rowley. 


FIGS. 17, 18, 19, 20—Side, basal and top views of a very large and fine 
specimen. 


—_—_— 


METABLASTUS BIPYRAMIDALIS, Hall, Rowley. 


FIGS. 21, 22, 28, 24—Side, basal and top views of a fine specimen from 
Lanesville, Ind. 


157 


158 


159 


160 


160 


161 


161 


162 


CONTRIBUTION TO INDIANA PALEONTOLOGY. 


PL, XLVII. 


PART 16. 


iz, 
= 


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EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 


PLATE 48. 
DOLATOCRINUS NODOSUS, M. & G., Rowley. 


FIGS. 1-2-3—Dorsal, side and ventral views of the same specimen. 


DOLATOCRINUS SPINOSUS, M. & G., Rowley. 


FIG. 4—Dorsal view of a four-rayed specimen. 


HADROCRINUS PLENISSIMUS, Lyon, Rowley. 


PAGE 
163 


164 


165 


FIGS. 5-6—Inside and outside views of the deeply concave basal region. 


DOLATOCRINUS CAELATUS, M. & G., Rowley. 


SS i 


FIGS. 10-11-12—Dorsal, ventral and side views of a slightly mal- 
formed specimen. 


MEGISTOCRINUS EXPANSUS, M. & G., Rowley. 


FIGS. 7-8-9—Dorsal, ventral and side views of a large, fine specimen, 


FIGS. 18, 14, 15—Dorsal, ventral and .side views of a beautifully pre- 
served, small specimen. 


yh 
HOLOCYSTIS‘S PAPULOSUS? M. & G., Rowley. 


FIGS. 16-17-18 —Side and summit views of a fine specimen. 


All figures on this plate are of natural size. 


165 


166 


166 


ALEONTOLOGY 


CONTRIBUTION TO INDIANA P 


PART 16. _ 


XLVIII. 


PL 


Dew 


Rowleys Alvercs 


sai 


EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 


PLATE 49. PAGE 


FAVOSITES CLAUSUS, Rominger. 168 


Upper figure, ventral view of a large corallum. 


LITHODRUMUS VERY/I, N. Sp. 168 


Lower figure, ventral view of the type specimen. 


bear of 
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CONTRIBUTION TO INDIANA PAL 


XLIX. 


PL. 


PART 17 


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CONTRIBUTION TO INDIANA PALAONTOLOGY. 


PART 17. PL. LL. 


EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 


PLATE 50. 


CYSTIPHYLLUM FULCRATUM, N. Sp. 


Figure No. 1—Lateral view of the type specimen. 


PROTOPORA CYSTOIDES. 


CYSTIPHYLLUM CLAVATUM, N. Sp. 


Figure No. 2—Lateral view of the type specimen. 


PAGE 


169 


169 


EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 


PLATE 5l. 
BATOCRINUS MAGNIROSTRIS, N. Sp. (Rowley) 


FIGS. 1-2-3—Ventral, side and dorsal views of the type specimen. 


BATOCRINUS. IRREGULARIS, Casseday, Rowley. 


FIGS. 4-5-6—Ventral, anal side and dorsal views of a small specimen. 


BATOCRINUS DAVISI, Rowley. 


FIGS. 7-8-9—Ventral, anal side and dorsal views of a specimen. 


BATOCRINUS CRASSITESTUS, N. Sp. (Rowley) 


FIGS. 10-11-12—Ventral, side and dorsa! views of the type specimen. 


BATOCRINUS DAVISI, Var. Lanesvillensis, N. Sp. (Rowley) 


FIGS. 13-14-15—Ventral, anal side and dorsal views of the type. 


BATOCRINUS ICOSIDACTYLUS, Casseday, Rowley. 


FIGS. 16-17-18—Ventral, anal side and dorsal views of a fine speci- 
men. 


BATOCRINUS ICOSIDACTYLUS, Casseday, Rowley. 


FIGS. 19-20-21—Ventral, side and dorsal views of a small specimen 
with a portion of the ventral tube attached. 

FIGS. 24-25—Views of two detached ventral tubes. 

FIG. 26—Side view of a ventral disk with the base of the ventral tube. 

FIGS. 27-28—Basal and side views of the dorsal cup of a large speci- 
men. 


BATOCRINUS DAVISI, Var. Sculptus, N. Var, (Rowley) 


FIGS. 22-23—Side and dorsal views of a slightly crushed specimen. 


PAGE 
170 


171 


173 


174 


174 


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EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 


PLATE 52. PAGE 
ZAPHRENTIS STRIGATUS, N. Sp. 176 


FIG. 1—tLateral view showing the calix. 
FIG. 2—Calix view of another specimen. 


FIG. 8—Lateral view with a portion of the cup broken away, exhib- 
iting the lamellae and tabule. 


ZAPHRENTIS INVAGINATUS, N. Sp. 176 


FIG. 4—Lateral view exhibiting the calix. 


FIG. 5—Lateral view of another specimen with a portion of the side 
broken away, to show the calix and the invaginated tabule. 


ZAPHRENTIS ALBACORNIS, N. Sp. 179 


FIG. 6—Posterior view showing the calix. 


FIG. T—Posterior view of another specimen showing the calix. 


ZAPHRENTIS COMPRESSA. Milne Edwards. 177 


FIGS. 8-9—Lateral views of two different specimens, 
FIGS. 10-11—Calix views of two other examples. 


ZAPHRENTIS CASSEDAYI. Milne Edwards, 178 


FIGS. 12-13-14-15—Lateral views of four different examples, some of 
them showing spines. 


FIG. 16—Posterior view of another specimen showing the fossette. 
FIGS. 17-18—Calix views of two different individuals. 


CONTRIBUTION TO INDIANA PALHONTSLOGY. 


PART 18. PL. LI. 


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EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 


PLATE 53. 
ZAPHRENTIS ALVEOLATUS, N. Sp. 


FIG. 1—Vertical section showing the funnel-shaped tabule. 


FIG. 2—Lateral view of a fine specimen skowing the tabule and 
lamelle. 


ZAPHRENTIS HALLI. Edwards and Haime. 


FIG. 38—Posterior view exhibiting the calix. 
FIG. 4—Vertical section showing the tabule. 


ZAPHRENTIS INTORTUS, N. Sp, 


FIG. 5—Posterior view showing the distorted lamellas characteristic 
of the species. 


FIG. 6—Vertical section showing the oblique tabule. 


HELIOPHYLLUM PARVULUM, N. Sp. 


FIG. 7—Posterior view exhibiting the calix. 
FIGS. 8-9—Calix views of two different examples. 


PAGE 
178 


179 


179 


180 


CONTRIBUTIUN TO INDIANA PALEONTOLOGY. 


PART 18. PL. LILI. 


PWALLes Del 


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EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 


PLATE 54. 
ARACHNOCRINUS EXTENSUS, W. & Sp. Rowley. 


FIG. 1—View of a calyx imbedded in the rock with its arms spread 
out on the surface of the siab. 


MEGISTOCRINUS CIRCULUS? Rowley. 


FIGS. 2-3-4—Side, dorsal and ventral views of a large specimen with 
concave plates. 


MEGISTOCRINUS SPINOSULUS. Lyon. Rowley. 


FIGS. 5-6—Basal and side view of a specimen from the Falls of the 
Ohio. i 


STEREOCRINUS? INDIANENSIS, M. & G., Rowley. 


FIG. 7—Basal view of a small imperfect calyx from the Hamilton 
group at Speed’s cement quarry, Clark county, Ind. 

FIG. 8—Similar view of a somewhat larger, imperfect calyx, from 
the Upper Helderberg group at the Falls of the Ohio. 


GENNAEOCRINUS SIMULANS, N. Sp. (Rowley.) 


FIGS. 9-11—Side and basal views of a nearly perfect dorsal cup. 


FIG. 10—Basal view of another specimen, showing the same features 
as in figure 11. 


BOTRYOCRINUS AMERICANUS, N. Sp. (Rowley.) 


FIGS. 12-13-14—Basal, anterior and posterior side views of the type 
specimen. 


PAGE 
180 


181 


183 


184 


CONTRIBUTION TO INDIANA PALO 


LIV. 


NTOLOGY 


PL. 


PART 18. 


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FIG. 1—Lateral view of a large corallum. 
FIG. 2—Lateral view of a weathered specimen 
icular structure. ESS Cee ene 


FIGS. 3-4—Calix views of iw different examples, 
fossette. j “. 


and the deep cup. 
FIG. 6—Calix view of another individual. 


CONTRIBUTION TO INDIANA PALAONTOL 


PART 19. 


OGY. 


ee ee eee es 
bd al 


EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 


PLATE 56. PAGE 
HELIOPHYLLUM GRADATUM, N. Sp. 185 


FIG. 1—Lateral view of a large corallum. 


FAVOSITES LOUISVILLENSIS, N. Sp. 186 


FIG. 2—Ventral view of a large piece showing the spines in the 
tubes, and the contrast between the preserved and the weathered 
portion of the corallum. 


ZAPHRENTIS SUBCENTRALIS, N. Sp. 186 


7 


FIGS. 3-4—Calix views of two different examples. 
FIG. 5—Posterior view of the lamelle and position of the fosette. 


ZAPHRENTIS CLINATUS, N. Sp. 187 


FIGS. 6-7—Lateral views of two different specimens. 
FIGS. 8-9—Calix views of two different examples. 


A 
CYATHAXONIA VENUSTDS. 187 


FIGS. 10-11-12—Lateral views of three different«specimens. 


FIGS. 18-14—-Calix views of two different examples. For further illus- 
tration and description see Contribution to Indiana Paleontology, 
Part II, page 9, plate IV, figures 14, 15, 16, 17, January 20, 1899. 


CONTRIBUTION TO INDIANA PALAONTOLOGY. 


PL. LVI. 


19. 


PARI 


_- 


«iy 


ACTINOCRINUS MULTIRAMOSUS, ‘Var. 


-_—— 


FIG. 1—Side view of the type of the 1 new ; variety, 
a short pies of ee column apa. the arms. 
FIG. 
: snewine the ventral ask probosels and pinule. 


on 
~ 


BATOCRINUS SPERGENENSIS, nt Rowley. 


a 


FIGS. 34— Side and dorsal views of a fine body. 


TRICAELOCRINUS ; WOODMAN, M. & W., Rowe 


PENTREMITES KONINCKANUS, Hall, Rowley. - 


s " F IGs . 10-11—Two side views of an abnormal specimen. 


2 


NUCLEOCRINUS ANGULARIS, Lyon, Rowley. 


. 12—Ventral view of a specimen with six radials. 


NUCLEOCRINUS IMITATOR. Rowley. 


in the number of radial plates. 


NUCLEOCRINUS LUCINA, Hall, Rowley. 


CONTRIBUTIUN TO INDIANA PALAONTOLOGY. 


PL? LYE. 


19. 


PARE 


A 


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SW? 


PLATE 58. 
ZAPHRENTIS CALLOSUS, N. Sp. 


; 


is broken away from each to show the lamelle and tabule. ee 


HELIOPHYLLUM CONDITUM, N. Sp. 


FIG. 3—Lateral view of a simple example. 
FIGS. 4, 5—Ventral views of two different examples. 


FIG. 6—Lateral view of another individual, showing the clevated 
ul in the center of the calix. 


HAIMEOPHYLLUM ORDINATUM. Billo 


FIG. %—Lateral view of a fragment chawing the contraction and 
pansion of the corallites. 


a 


FIG. -8—Ventral view of the same. 


DIPHYPHYLLUM DILATUM, N. Sp. 
FIGS. 9, 10—Calix view of two different individuals. : 
FIGS. ay, 12—Postero'lateral views of two different examples. et 


CONTRIBUTION TO INDIANA PALAONTOLOGY. 


PART 20. 


ee oe 


EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 


PLATE 59. 
HELIOPHYLLUM INFLEXUM, N. Sp. 


FIG. 1—Posterior view exhibiting the lamelle and the broad fossette. 


FIGS. 2, 3, 4—Calix view of three different examples. 


HELIOPHYLLUM OBLIQUUM, N. Sp. 


FIG. 5—Lateral view of the specimen. 
FIG. 6—View of the calix of another example. 


FIG. 7—View of the calix and posterior side of the coral 


ZAPHRENTIS CALICULUS, N, Sp. 


FIG. 8-—Lateral view of a large example, with a portion of the cup 
broken away to exhibit the fossette, and the elevated lamellx in 
the center of the calix. 


FIG. 9—Lateral view of two specimens joined by their epithecal 
walls. 


FIG. 10—View of the calix of another example. 


FIG. 11—Posterior view of another individual, with a portion of the 
cup broken away to exhibit the fossette, and the elevated space 
in the center of the ecalix. 


CYSTIPHYLLUM CRENATUM, N. Sp. 


FIGS. 
FIGS. 15, 16—Ventral views, and exhibiting the specimens attached 
by their epithecal walls. 


12, 18, 14—Calix views of three different examples. 


FIG. 17—Lateral view of a large individual with the epitheca worn 
away. 


FIG. 18, 19, 20—Calix views of three different specimens showing the 
crenulated margins. 


200 


201 


203 


CONTRIBUTION TO INDIANA PALEZONTCLOGY, 


PART 20. ‘PL. LVIX. 


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EXPLANATION OF PI 


PLATE 60; 0 ee 
CYSTIPHYLLUM VESICULOSUM, Phillips. 


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FIGS. 1, 2—Lateral views of two different specimens. 


CYSTIPHYLLUM GEMMIFERUM, N, Sp. 


a 


FIGS. 3, 4, 5—Ventral views of three different examples, ex 
the elevated maT gINS where in contact. 


CYSTIPHYLLUM ee ee N. Sp. 


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FIG.  6—-Calix view of a small Sotainen: exhibiting ne calieular 
ding. caer 


FI G. 7—View of the calix of another specimen showing two cali 
buds. me 


FIG. 8—Basal view of another example showing three lateral b | 


CONTRIBUTIUN TO INDIANA PALZONTOLOGY. 


PART 20. 


PL, LX. 


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7T4h7 Contributions to Indiana 
16G7 palaeontology 

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