jti*'"**« ^•J863 DATE DUE UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS LIBRARY S 73 E42 no. 91-114 1937-42 Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station CONTROL SERIES BULLETIN No. 91 DECEMBER, 1937 Inspection of Agricultural Lime Products By H. D. Haskins This is the twenty-sixth report on the inspection of agricultural lime products in Massachusetts. It gives the composition of the various products which have been sold in the State during the year. In case of the ground limestone products the mechanical analysis is also given. Massachusetts State College Amherst, Mass. INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL LIME PRODUCTS FOR THE SEASON OF 1937 £39-2- By H. D. 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O 06 ft ■£ -S o • £ I- oo - « JQ ooO _ * r- £S-5 J3 >>.2 > o « g W o CO o CQ2 I? CO s S a s s 0 co Table IV. Gypsum or Land Plaster. Name of Manufacturer and Brand Calcium Oxide (CaO). Calcium Sulfate (CaS04). Calcium and Magnesium Carbonates Found. Found. Guar- anteed. Found. Guar- anteed. United States Gypsum Co., 300 West Adams St., Chicago, III. Ben Franklin Agricultural Gypsum (2) 46.01 30.00 24.72 64.50 4 1 0(i* ♦Calcium hydrate (Ca(OH)i) 26.37 percent. Note: Apparently the product was a mixture of limestone, hydrated lime and gypsum. The sample was drawn at the warehouse of Joseph Breck & Sons, Boston: one-half ton was in stock and ten bags were sampled. An investigation by the manufacturer and by us indicates that the material became contamin- ated after leaving the manufacturer's possession. Howard's Agricultural Talc Registered by L. A. Howard Talc Co., Inc., Proctorsville, Vermont. A sample said to be representative of the material was, at our request, sent to us by the producers, as our inspectors did not find any of the product on sale in Massachusetts. Analysis of this sample gave the following results, strong hydrochloric acid being used as the solvent: Percent Magnesium oxide 20.51 Calcium oxide 2.07 Carbonic acid 6.60 Insoluble matter 46.89 By fusion with a mixture of sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate the product tested as follows: Magnesium oxide . Calcium oxide . Iron and aluminum oxides Insoluble matter Percent 31.48 2.56 14.32 30.40 From the above analysis the activity of the magnesium oxide and calcium oxide may be represented as follows: Percent Calcium carbonate 3.69 Magnesium carbonate (4.56% MgO easily decomposed) . . . 9.54 Magnesium oxide present as easily decomposible silicates . . . 1.35 Magnesium oxide present as more difficultly decomposible silicates 14.60 Magnesium oxide insoluble in strong hydrochloric acid, but made soluble by fusion method (of doubtful value) . . . 10.97 Neutralizing value in terms of calcium oxide 10.29 Note: The product is not a true talc, but a mixture of talc and carbonate of magnesia and calcium. Publication op this Document approved by the Commission on Administration and Finance 2500. 1'38. No. 2801. Massachusetts agricultural experiment station CONTROL SERIES BULLETIN NO. 92 FEBRUARY, 1938 Seed Inspection By F. A. McLaughlin This Report, the tenth in seed control service, is a record of work delegated to the Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station during 1937, by the Com- missioner of Agriculture, who is named in the Act as Administrative Officer (Acts and Resolves of 1927, Chapter 274). Massachusetts State College Amherst, Mass. ANNOUNCEMENT The Seed Testing Laboratory will allow ten units of work free of charge, during any calendar year, to any resident firm or citizen of Massachusetts. Units are rated as follows: Purity analysis (red clover, timothy, etc.) Purity analysis (bluegrass, orchard grass, etc.) 2 Purity analysis of a mixture of seeds (depending upon the number of kinds in the mixture) _4-10 Examination for noxious weeds (4 oz. or fraction thereof) of samples not mixtures ■ ■ ■ ' Examination for noxious weeds (4 oz. or fraction thereof)^! . . . .4-10 mixtures Identification of seed or plant Cleaning tobacco seed (4 oz. or fraction thereof) Germination tests (4 x 100 seeds of any seed not chaffy or requiring a purity test) Germination tests (soil, 2 x 100 seeds) Germination tests (chaffy grasses or seeds requiring purity analysis) Fees for work in excess of the ten free units allowed are as follows: Germination test except for grasses other than timothy, but including clovers and alfalfa — thirty cents each. Germination tests of grasses except timothy — fifty cents each. Purity analyses of cereals — fifty cents each. Purity analyses of timothy, and all other kinds of crop seeds, except grasses — seventy-five cents each. Purity analyses of grasses and of all mixtures of not more than two kinds of agricultural seeds — one dollar each. Purity analyses of special mixtures, including lawn grasses and pasture mixtures, a charge sufficient to cover the actual cost of working the sample, the amount of such fee depending entirely upon the character of the sample submitted for test, - minimum charge, one dollar and twenty-five cents. In no case will the final report be rendered until all fees are paid. SEED INSPECTION By F. A. McLaughlin1 This bulletin gives the results of analysis of the official seed samples collected by the State Department of Agriculture, during the year 1937, from the open markets in 86 towns and cities of Massachusetts and analyzed at the Seed Testing Laboratory of the Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station at Amherst. This bulletin also contains results of field tests for trueness-to-type of 168 lots of vegetable seeds and 103 lots of flower seeds together with analysis of the flower seeds used in field tests; also notes on the methods used in cleaning locally pro- duced onion seeds, amounts received, and value of the different grades as judged by germination tests. From October 1, 1937 to December l,2 1938, the Seed Laboratory received and worked 2180 samples of seed, of which 874 were collected by the State Com- missioner of Agriculture, 1143 were sent in by seedsmen and farmers, and 173 by the American Can Company for cooperative research. Classification of these samples, with the total number of tests involved, is shown in the following summary. It will be noted that the total number of tests required for the 2180 samples was 3040; 769 for purity and 2271 for germination. Nu™ber NUMBER OF TESTS Samples puritV Germination 421 Field Crops for Purity and Germination 421 421 89 Field Crops for Germination 89 94 Lawn Mixtures for Purity only 94 151 Lawn Mixtures for Purity, Germinations involving 439 ingredients 151 439 1 188 Vegetable Seeds for Germination 1 188 103 Flower Seeds for Purity 103 90 Flower Seeds for Germination 90 20 Tree Seeds for Germination 20 24 Tobacco Seed? for Germination 24 2180 769 2271 Explanation of the Tables In these tables the seeds are listed in alphabetical order by groups, each group containing only those seeds, the sale of which is regulated by a definite section of the Massachusetts Seed Law. Section 261-A of the Acts and Resolves of 1927, Chapter 274, defines the group from Alfalfa to Timothy, inclusive; Section 261-B. Mixtures; Section 261-C, Special Mixtures; and Section 261-D, Vegetables. The number preceding each analysis is for identification and reference. The line to the right of the letter "L" gives information copied from the label; that to the right of "F", what was found in the laboratory analysis. Attention is called to certain irregularities by the following: The asterisk (*) shows violation in labeling. lAssisted by Miss Jessie L. Anderson, Technical Assistant. ^Laboratory year formerly from October 1 to October 1— changed to correspond with fiscal year beginning December 1. 4 CONTROL SERIES No. 92 Boldface type indicates low purity, low germination, excessive weed seed, noxious weeds not declared, or excessive inert material, depending upon the column in which it is found. Other deficiencies are enumerated as follows: (1) Noxious weeds found. (2) Old seed (as shown by given date or by correspondence with the whole- saler). (3) Ingredient found, but not declared. (4) Ingredient declared, but not found. (5) Ingredient declared, but percentage found after adding proper tolerance is less than 5%. (6) Term not specific. The letter "R" after the germination percentage in the table of vegetable seeds indicates that the sample has received one or more retests. All lots of seed included in this report were tested according to the Rules for Seed Testing adopted by the Association of Official Seed Analysts. "Tolerance" is applied to both purity and germination, except in those tables which list seeds falling under sections of the law not requiring purity or germina- tion on the label. For the application of "Purity Tolerance", the sample is considered as made up of two component parts: (1) the component being con- sidered, and (2) the balance of the sample. The tolerance in percentage allowed for each component shall be two-tenths of one per cent (0.2%) plus twenty per cent (20%) of the lesser of the two parts. "Germination Tolerance" has been applied between a given germination and the result of the germination test as follows: Given Germination Allowable Variation (%) 90 or over 6 80 or over, but less than 90 7 70 or over, but less than 80 8 60 or over, but less than 70 9 Less than 60 10 rt C £ SEED INSPECTION r*> r~ NO N ON On On On On On On ion N--r^ CN»t^. On On On On «5nO «t B.2 O c lO N-l — ■* rt'N* /> JJ 1 1 00 IX ±z 1 1 O nc 00 On !*» On 00 00 © fN) "SO o-t~- n-H - to r^ ° « H *£' w «o m-3 < SB Z£ . v C5 t- Eg W o z < o w w J* fa 3 « fa t/3 w H §0 h ON On O O. Jfa Jfc u <| c £ "J s" z o o w 04 c o a o o *lt* W H w • § Mtt! •*oo „ — Jta Jfc W < £ 22 ft HSbl Cflm o SJPh Cfflffl £.2 | O u en Z o J. ^ = b -* 2 ffi a'? c tajlj 2 -a Jfe K^ bo y— a O gw. So £ eiU •* 3 Q, — ~ 3 G >.Cu > ?a U o V u id f / ■a o ' c« 7. P4 „ffi W 3 g ^ oo c >M£! 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QSE W > crj WJ2 J3 wo £ o £<2 • L^-~ - p.-o « CJ ii t IS •2U oM •o^j So o S •o £ §•5 °32 CO >E o hj U oS _ "3 a! £ffl w a) o . o£.c 5-° m.~ o fflOu O c, • .0 > pq (Li e! O US& w > o 2-20 Sus wt5o U £0 a! «C3 « -j- S u « O^ ac f , p a a W c p c 0 0 a ■a Q 0 zo CS of JJ a C fl 0 •OTJ C c S3 11 0) HI ■d -0 3J 0 n c ■d X 01 u ° c cs oo< 10 CONTROL SERIES No. 92 Q H — o -i if ii 5 Jh mi-i 5s u I ^ I 00 — . -« es 1/1 Q W W c/3 J < H J O 5 o < fa O z o H O w 0- z •J < fa O «£ DC •Gtr> 00 \0 -. OH o y, < x u X w CO cd ^ >-,„ oi.2 £ CO H"* to U <-> a On.- 6 u- o Di CO cu u C00 Bfl **t : -1 -■ fe oi Sic SIS u3« o zq -r-i a On /i ^Z O a^ w> W - co £ IP Q* s PhFi of Kit C V Zi O <> H" CO O U P w w c S3 u S>> ^u • o Jto Jh to O w g2S tnSO K:5 ©a 2 co J' SEED INSPECTION 11 t^r>> r-»r- t-^r^. i-«. r~ r~ r- h- r~ r^ , t*)f»3 i»3i*j <">"5 JJ fj^ r>£ r> <"} (*5 *} ^ f^i ^ <*i ^l» »-»"- * r- * t- oo oo oo oo oo O O OO 00 On Or*} OO Oc oo oo Oo ©•«* oo- o o o c* go jb, j (i, Jfc «fc Jfc hjfe Jfe J fa J to Mte 0 CJ u £ 18 5K C = CJ Uto c Ha u of o Pi ess ~ 5»a <-> o > e c o u a H H w „. K 1) — ■ £.0 u o 1) a, I- I ^ X o-- Sz •- _,_, o roU O J 60 uel W to •- fe .£ H ZS - OJ II to « Sf ^ o c'U o 5 o tfl :u cB dad fecnJS a: Sm Q ^ - Cm ™ 5~ Q W w g as H J O 2 < 'a. o z o u cu z -J «0h cc * o * t- * o* O . (^ «f o * c- * d * o fe _- Jfc O"* " u£.H £ o 6 gZcj W o & G.wa. £ £ . W SI en J u Z ctf ~^> 21" ° r* £ to ffiu wot, i < • > 5 J o H C O Q W H en e* E £** . .^ 1! U C " enH^ W qrr' < ° o tC ts S 2 CQ CS W pj o o en X. O en W W*" si a! = M K £& CliTj O en^ .o o ^Z SEED INSPECTION 13 ^N — t^ "IN * t» OvOO * 00 VO) ■* 00 «- to 3>* .5 > Jh tofc, toto 3k w • S : a; : < • to : w • to~ Hi HJ£ Kjas— " W.2^ cJSW /. to~ <-* t3fc - s u — "^ — ^ CO en oj^ to J- c.K u£2 .«-c as G oo a z£ a g° r 5^-j o ^ as t. . , =; as u = ic J- H asrj & 5 w Si CQ n) CONTROL SERIES No. 92 E-3 $8^ ~2 G w i J 2 a < o z o H o w Cu CD z < fa o o-cr- 3 OJ s cd Z •s- sl £ o"° C V 2 K °. c £a ££ ££ 2S °S SS ^ I — In Mrt —M -"N Or^ OK ©C5 OOcO O0f~ 00 1- Ov as O^O'- OCT) Jta Jfc o u z o t/) Jfc Jta Jfe nifc iJte H^ 3 cd o H S.d: aJ y-< Co''. n5's ffl ; g 5s| : 6 - OZ c U *^ o CflS £ p4 a; • < * oU Z bfl OS J = i-- aC u z : : u s'S W5 CO 0 S Cv w C cq CO O -- cs a: ;U. W " uf a ;_ i! ■ c CO "S CQ ' C ' 0 •■ '.U c ■ „ U -J= ^ ;H *! ■ . W2 8j -J 1- j V D" <"S§ u.°> C/2> , oi; .js2 5.^ c u pa m ° « «u .> > Xl o <5Z SEED INSPECTION 15 12 I o >o 00 1^ O 00 oo a Jfc -!fe - > W CO O U Uj ml S ^■^ ■„ 03-2 c/, •O o en ? Pi b2iso « -* U.2 o £"3-2 KM C U X c W e« Sf as? CUJ2 o Sfio O u Q , w5vo W urn en cn v „ •« Z o ~*J en J„- >0> W*c ■ t1< SO Ph o u CO O CO w 2 E ;t3 v W 3> coo M *6 : en^ . olT. 16 CONTROL SERIES No. 92 Q h J3CO Q u J-. Jr t/5 D u w CC J 5 H j 5 o as o < O z o H CJ a Oh Z < J3 <" Si pc J2 c .12 •qn^ ,-t c - 2 6 20 6 u Q '1 W en :£ z ; U-d-r td <« c ■ C cy > rtoO 2 >E * t- ■*< •X- Ov ©* 0> Jfc Jt. 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OS 0 8* SEED INSPECTION 19 o>oo * 00 ©o oo O" Cv * On oo oo * O* * Os 0> Ov Ov On On On On On Jfe JtL, Jfe Jfe w o < X u X w \n Pi W as < as ci « W* « H §H 2C O U 2 O w x i< c CD wets W 3.5 H > u . w 6 W 03 = = Z3S ^ ■>,> c/) pes U c. • W oW >?§ £°£ Zoo fc]J o S3 mCQ OS 3 iu < e| 5 MS O 3™ SiiJS CI*-1 h- £ : W *V K cH 5 o[- a,« ^"= - S c^> O CO ** o CJ-S u .H n w Moo ao ,W C/T ~ *J c X« 3 •5u w > EX u 20 CONTROL SERIES No. 92 H) a, JIB ,. «r 4)0^ qQ n o TlU u C 1* « y 1 «6u X £'a H tj C3 0 ■2S 5 J O C u z o V. u o 3 h|e Oh C - t~t~ r~ r~» r^ r- t^ r^t^ t* t^ r*t^ r~ t^ m r- rr> K>f) fJfO (0 rr> to it o& o>» CNOv Oi 9, O* a ov OiO> a>a a » o>» * t» »H\0 -«t- ~"l- * t-- -It ►Jfe Jfc Jte Cfl O U Z o, Si! w ^ § . o » H J3 w o s u * g S < o o a S .J3 - DQ H m . • OfZ fe o. ■ ZE2 in ^°i5 65 Z « •3.1 — as oS EO H ©m 000 00^ IS rt o « E£ H Sod H E~ Z> . o . ex £a O f ECU 00 » 00 J(£ O u H W J £ S o ? • . J5« 22 CONTROL SERIES No. 92 O o 0U(/3 ° u u fc 3 rt 2 ~Ph C 41 O 13 Q J3 O O <»5 ■* "■> ■* Ifl Ov »0 IO 1/5 J3 a) 3 at Z.H2J3|2 O 4) w S 2 * -S " oooo ~i t - , , — bo 53 >i 4> 41 j- 1- ^ .a QOlfl(N 41 • *2 ■ O « •TJ O . cdnQ ^S •" ^ . „ H % ° ■- 2° c C 3 O ; BO <3 •*-£- CQr S3^°3Cocj • C W -o C ?* rt ■= ^eOS^CJJrt-- _ 41 ^ 41 1> 4>wJ- 41 J fc. « OOOO* 3 u : oj •OS c 41 4) Q.U - O _ 3 w C Z.T3 O x 41 -e «sz oSScS c— ^ £09 a — ^-p O 3,2 >>U! ° ■o - Cd 41 * _* C/3 C/3 :£0 Q<4i 2 ,"> 7) £ {ft x. "to s"8-aS| SEED INSPECTION 23 CN ~ 1OO00 •U a. v raf-U '5 _- e 3. >> 1* a; ^aj h • —100 <-< rr> •2 -a is; SCu") 5 J! - >> ° ■" a> a.c o^ «2^2<:22 (J — « o k. irrCQ o 3-r . . ^* 3 4) « 5 2,9 d=3aa£fc £ 3.£v *- to 4> 3 o,-r 4> S3 3 — o o rt |ufe. 0)J3 6 t^2u - tiw ■ O i- ao 3 W 1" 3 rr- r*j CO • Ki >.-— 4- u _£ rt cn2-~-* »fG o ^S u «j3'> m ±;rt' w Of/ c ti £*2 ai~ >> 60 ~" o u£* 24 CONTROL SERIES No. 92 OS u -s kT 4K U J) D a w n i -3 3 >— O < o z o H O w p- z as 73 4J.C T3 4> "2 = o c O d c a 73 0) 4) 73Q x> o J ta fiS ^ 0000 ■a « ° cd "> 1- n! to - a; BO a i» u «£> >>u.2 >* J o u ft O to (J c 3£Q o a d 4; t — ' Vi c r rr, ooosoo ;- 3o *> u - E £?« I •n© • S • 4) S >o5 5 a 41 ,UM •'=' C (/)«■» 41 -M d rt "o >■ '• 2 o J"> cm -W-s ^ -^ u a ft tn ouffl 3 P •£ oj £&,-zUoiB4Q a>t»ooifl X C as** 3 iJ 2£ Ed .H T3 >, aJ 41 O 3 4) o Q S o U C a : O O z. z f. ai . . B o ■» > ^45 S 1 4>(. Cfl < E §0 H .s 5 2 (- o m a U3& •-T3 O E to 41 3 > BO— (UJS < ^U SEED INSPECTION 25 o — ~ 00 J to J fa ■oooo v o C 3 » 1- Cfl 0> 3 r • e m -S S c ■= ^ >S :to«£ (-.2 ' '2 •* CJ £ &b£ atS y^ 5Jo h o u s id , * -o 5 "S £ c -p a) ►_; to s no i/)t—r*5 to Is J§ flf j.5 u -' > 0) . o W»S C gto S 60 <£ « 2: "3 bo 3 cnOuK<->3-~aJ - tu J— * ■ " 2 to ■< fa CQ Wo; ^ "bo 3 a; rt •fifa U - IIS " >> £ O. r. > T3* aJ m o &- .— D -M m ■£-* Mr i S o -in u=r u -«-sHetosg~ O M 3 Wo: £ :to2 A • . 60 . ■ >>H ri^-S'E *-* s ■a t- «2 sea cj.5: . ou*1 Z.S . d oi; ","5 $ J§ 4) 60 •" 60 *2 i- (Li o aj < 3 >,rj >, to.Sto^to 3(/i 3(h o.E «u J CQ .Qf-toto to |s S Sj to < o pq 26 CONTROL SERIES No. 92 O S u 5g 1/3 Q w w OS p H -! P u I— I < O z o H u u cu C/3 Z -J (U 1> >- v m rt es E i; rt " C PQ:5'5 13 Q 2 d a. Q io t^ cs t^- J >..2 J7 cd O -JiC/5 UJ - *- a; . 05 cK« » ... < l-o^S j.E o ««;* ^m^W .HOBiWfe w u <* . ■ p 2*w nj '-a 2° >.w Eo^o :ai >• 's; 9 55 pa >..S _"u *J 4! O ^ O O-ti °E^r- — ° v.\- . h Q o5 W : f- -* t» E rt " p o P c'° - 6 ■ . p ec >- • ' M • > a; rt ■ iv 8^1 : :- £l2Sl°3 >— J u -J >™ (L> fl-* Qs p O OS Zoa > X o o S"2 £•0 *'?3 • a Err 5 eJp J W c • J o 0) SEED INSPECTION 27 J fc ■ <*} sC ~* w as ca :w.S ■ <*£ ■ feU - u -a >r >,."■ :ii, »rtW< O 5 w tO CN H V a a u o w o ^" C «? — o „; » as 3 as i-S P £& c E M O^ as- m v g u O wO a! w O as M E _ tJ os O 3 u OJ 'in as fc, d esof >> as ■^ c "T3 3- n 3 /> OS *j 3 OJ as ur«; ■**g tNKSO,^ s«£ "O is fc. O 3 0/ is IflrS as is o^ L:- 65 2 w pa £ _ o CUTS •- cfl G OS w Jim £m §■"§:* h3g*g°^ 28 CONTROL SERIES No. 92 OS o £*' u 3 Sf" Pk(/2 Q td W -J < p H J P O M OS o < o z o H o w a- z 5 o X DO M - rt t3.2 S P <-> £ 5 rt X) i> 2 « O C r 1 <" J to & ■^00 Ti ■-* ' '.-J ■ W • ' g - a . H . o . ■ '.•3 : X •04 • S D :gl : w .- j ■ t/5 'Mr! . ""< o . -J ■ &u 8 < . CTJ 0) ^ u Ed 0. eed. . Blueg ardwa Blueg VJ >* & P-* Cw ' c ca • mO ■;|| • o aJ ■ o «j •T3t3 : P pa ■ m a* df.S J oj >y *# >--£-£y-o 2U . a.e _ ti - *- o p *i *-* "p, cd "O P t- *- 2^ P V 0) £ >> - cS 3£~ £ > , *>y a o ., rt :a5m > a) u SEED INSPECTION 29 ■ On On "*f t^ 10 o ns «■;§ • V z , o >£ «, Z ° f S8 J v ■ >• .■3 oft! >* C3 £ ?.5 4> Ojf3 £ z \r>o^ i& on J fc J (i, "5 O u OvO^loaO c a 4> ■" 04 £ Q tt-v SI v w ^cr; ca r Z c &M „ £ IP1-' W «— .^ nxi1 04 « o >> _ 6S © On On t^ 15 is M. Z. fl C.3^ O0J-. T3 3 J? o 3 U-r 4 4>~ .3 CW -OiUlSU . o- -o 4>(N jj SE 2 •— > bfl c _ vZ p • U H C.T3 i»J- ft 6S NO NO NO On £ " ^04 .GH04 .a w •TO »- JI.O- ° ■"-> ~ i_ " [fl ■"-• ■" 3 £ c ■5 e- 4 - s a S JJ c T.P-1 ° CONTROL SERIES No. 92 O ** "T* 00 :£*s S :«3 ■ ~ O >- v mil m z^ o 3 m «j bfl , OJ OS _ 3 ™ o o -f O •E&5 ■ m«j y ■ : £ a £ - : c >.--.s X330aj3'>'S; m C 0J .3 £" c US > as CT^ u £ a . ro CM w u . WigN o^ 00 00 C H < •z as H ■-- :as •ca J 2 Q--' O ai O c *± ~ O^ fc:5.S o k ^ O CH HQasu; c/5 fcO- oSSg aSot Q Ed < Z o u « 1 . tCoc 0\O> 00 c^ oo s?1 td h o < z ai J!3--t D 0) "S-S c < be w x: o oj uaSaS SEED INSPECTION 31 1937 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES % 1937 Lab. \\ In ilcsale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Germination Month No. Variety. Dealer, and Place Collected Found of Test ASPARAGUS 258 NORTHRUP, KING & CO., Minneapolis, Minn. Washington (Rust Resistant) 69 July Robinson Hardware Co., Hudson BEANS BARTLETT & DOW CO., Lowell, Mass. 287 Pencil Pod Black Wax 91 May Bartlett & Dow Co., Lowell JOSEPH BRECK & SONS CORP., Boston, Mass. 184 Long Yellow Six Weeks Bush 98 May Geb Hardware Co., Franklin 331 Scarlet Runner 84 June Henry Duncan Hardware, Inc., Reading 740 Golden Wax 93 June S. C. M Packard & Co., Hardware, Wareham 741 Pole Lima 94 June S. C. M. Packard & Co., Hardware, Wareham 770 Kentucky Wonder 97 June J. E. Jordan Hardware Co., Plymouth 771 Improved Golden Wax 92 June J. E. Jordan Hardware Co., Plymouth 786 Golden Wax 89 June Sweetser's General Store, Duxbury 802 Kentucky Wonder 97 June Brockton Hardware Co., Brockton 811 Stringless Green Pod 81 July Felix Hardware Co., Clinton 815 Pole 89 July A. F. Chase Corporation, Dedham 817 Improved Black Wax 93 July E. J. Keelan, Dedham COMSTOCK-FERRE CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 16 Mammoth Pole Horticultural 78 May Foster-Farrar Co., Northampton 531 Pencil Pod Black Wax 96 July L. S. Field, Montague 695 Burpee's Stringless Green Pod 95 June Johnson's Hardware Co., Wrentham THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 175 Goddard Bush 98 May F. A. Gould Hardware Co., Milford 23 1 Pencil Pod 97 May Adams Hardware Co., Northboro 266 Bountiful 82 June Farm Service Stores, Hudson 350 Burpee Bush Lima 89 June Lockheart Hardware Co., Natick 351 Burpee's Stringless Green Pod 93 June Lockheart Hardware Co., Natick 427 Kentucky Wonder Wax 95 June Lincoln Square Hardware Co., Worcester THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 430 Burpee Bush Lima 90 June Lincoln Square Hardware Co., Worcester 32 CONTROL SERIES No. 92 1937 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued ' ~~ % *937u Lab Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Germination Month ^ Variety. Dealer, and Place Collected Found of Test BEANS — Continued 475 Improved Golden Wax 10° June W. C. Ring. Palmer ^ r., , ™t 98 June 602 German Black Wax L. E. Smith Co., Hardware, Gloucester „..,,„, 89 June 603 Horticultural Pole • • L. E. Smith Co., Hardware, Gloucester 700 Long Yellow Six Weeks' . . 10° June J. W. Gove Hardware, Inc., Foxboro _ ., _ . 90 June 707 Pencil Pod. ............ ■■■■■ W. C. Fuller Co., Mansfield 94 June 708 Burpee's Bush Lima W. C. Fuller Co., Mansfield „ ... 93 June 724 Bountiful ■ • Cobb, Bates & Yerxa, Taunton ., , 90 June 748 Bountiful ■ • • • ■ • • ■ ■. • • • ■ B. H. Dyer Hardware Co. Provincetown , „. . 95 June 749 Lows Champion •. B. H. Dyer Hardware Co., Provincetown ,.. . 94 July 828 Bountiful • ■ • • • • • • • ■ ■ • ■ j Norwood Hardware & Supply Co., Norwood , 91 July 839 Long Yellow Six Weeks Charles T. Eastman, Falmouth FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 92 M_y 54 Golden Wax . ■ • • ......... • • ■ ■ Carlisle Hardware Co., West Springfield 72 May 55 FordhooK Lima. •••••■• ■ • • ■ ■ • •• ■/ • _v '•. \ Carlisle Hardware Co., West Springfield 98 July 825 Webber Wax • Sears Roebuck Co., Norwood J. J. H. GREGORY & SON, Marblehead, Mass. g2 June 662 Bountiful ■ ■ • ,V""ki*u"'j J. J. H. Gregory & Son, Marblehead CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. gj M&y 76 Improved Golden Wax . . George Methe Co., Springfield . , 75 May 115 Dwarf Horticultural Leominster Hardware Co., Leominster 07 May 116 Kentucky Wonder Wax •••■■. Leominster Hardware Co., Leominster 158 Stringless Green Pod C. T. Price & Co., Athol 95 June 416 Red Kidney Waite Hardware Co., Worcester 94 July 833 Longfellow Yellow ... ■■■ H. A. Speare & Son, Inc., Walpole „ ... 99 July 851 Sure Crop Wax • • • ■••.••,•; Saunders Hardware & Paint Co., Middleboro LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 2g May 307 Burpee's Stringless Green Pod . . . Centralville Hardware Co., Lowell , , . 53 June 383 Red Valentine ■ • • • • • • • • • • • • J. W. Carter Hardware Co., Manchester „ , 40 June 757 Burpee's Green Pod G. W. Cooper, Plymouth SEED INSPECTION 33 1937 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued % 1937 Lab. \\ holesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Germination Month No. Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Found of Test BEANS — Continued 769 Golden Wax 68 June Bliss Hardware Co., Plymouth LANDRETH SEED CO., Bristol, Pa. 423 Webber Wax 75 june Ehvood Adams Hardware Co., Worcester LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago, 111. 315 Black Wax 96 May A. C. Stewart Estate, Athol 582 Dwarf Green Pod 64 June F. B. Keene, Amesbury 583 Dwarf Horticultural 96 June F. B. Keene, Amesbury 626 Dwarf Yellow Pod 88 June Winer Bros., Beverly J 56 Burpee's Brittle Wax 88 Julv A. E. Wardell, New Bedford NORTHRUP, KING & CO., Minneapolis. Minn. 530 Kentucky Wonder Pole 97 July W. E. Aubuchon, Inc., Turners Falls PAGE SEED CO., Greene. N. Y. 366 Long Yellow, Six Weeks 92 June Burlingame Hardware Co., Oxford 793 Brockton Pole 99 June Stone Hardware Co., Brockton 795 Pencil Pod Black Wax 98 June Stone Hardware Co., Brockton JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 44 Kentucky Wonder (Green Pod) 90 May (Wholesaler's Germination Test, 94%) Wells Hardware Co., Holyoke 166 Dwarf Horticultural 94 June H. S. Chadbourne, Milford 506 Improved Rustless Golden Wax 96 July Frank Howard, Inc., Pittsfield 507 Giant Stringless Green Pod 94 juiv (Wholesaler's Germination Test, 96%) Frank Howard, Inc., Pittsfield 527 Yellow Eye 93 T„rv S. Allen & Sons, Greenfield y 712 Kentucky Wonder Pole 95 June Pierce Hardware Co., Taunton 713 Kidney Wax 91 June Pierce Hardware Co., Taunton 714 Yellow Eye 89 June Pierce Hardware Co., Taunton 780 Horticultural 1 qq June Sherman Hardware Co., Plymouth 809 Dwarf Green Pod 79 JuI Hamilton Hardware Co., Clinton 810 Sure Crop Wax 96 July Hamilton Hardware Co., Clinton J. RUSSELL & CO.. Holyoke, Mass. 525 Horticultural 99 July 34 CONTROL SERIES No. 92 1937 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued % 1937 Lab. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Germination Month No. Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Found of Test BEANS — Concluded JOHN VARICK SEED CO., Manchester, N. H. 867 Improved Golden Wax 96 June L. L. Peavy Co., Hardware, Newburyport F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 511 King Horticultural 91 July Crown Paint & Paper Co., North Adams 764 Burpee's Bush Lima 91 June Bliss Hardware Co., Plymouth S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS, Orange, Conn. 263 Golden Wax 88 May W. E. Aubuchon Hardware Co., Hudson 855 Webber Wax 92 July J. D. Fairbanks Co., Bridgewater WHOLESALER UNKNOWN 813 Golden Wax 85 July W. E. Aubuchon Hardware Co., Clinton BEETS THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 273 Dewing's Early 78 July Parker Hardware Co., Maynard 520 Detroit Dark Red 83 July Orange Hardware Co., Inc., Orange 595 Mammoth Long Red 98 July W. H. Dewhirst Grain Co., Haverhill 829 Crosby's Egyptian 98 July Norwood Hardware Co., Norwood FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 49 Detroit Dark Red 78 May Carlisle Hardware Co., West Springfield 752 Early Blood 85 July Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Co., Provincetown CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 24 Detroit Dark Red 90 May J. Russell & Co., Holyoke 154 Detroit Dark Red 88 July C. T. Price & Co., Athol 2 1 2 Early Blood Turnip 72 May Uxbridge Hardware Co., Uxbridge 574 Early Wonder 78 July M. W. Duggan Co., Newburyport 729 Early Wonder 80 July (Wholesaler's Germination Test, 75%) T. W. Pierce Hardware Co., Inc., Middleboro LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 304 Egyptian Blood 83 July Centralville Hardware Co., Lowell 332 Dewing's Improved Blood Red 68 July Smith Hardware Co., Inc., Reading 538 Early Egyptian 69 July E. E. Putnam, South Deerfield 562 Dewing's Improved Blood Red 67 uly Wilson's Hardware Co., Newburyport 619 Early Egyptian Blood 55 July J. W. Carter Co., Hardware, Manchester SEED INSPECTION 35 1937 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued % 1937 Lab. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Germination Month No. Variety. Dealer, and Place Collected Found of Test BEETS — Concluded 669 Dewing's Blood Red 75 July North Shore Hardware Co., Lynn 767 Egyptian Blood 86 July Bliss Hardware Co., Plymouth 832 Dewing's Improved Blood Red 60 July Central Hardware Co., Norwood NORTHRUP, KING & CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 706 Detroit Red Beets 96 July W. C. Fuller, Mansfield PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. 277 Egyptian Blood 73 July Seder & Grimber Grain Store, Maynard 854 Detroit Dar ; Red 85 July J. H. Fairbanks Co., Bridgewater JEROME B. RICE SEED CO , Cambridge. N. Y. 152 Crosby's Egyptian 67 July Bengston Hardware Co., Gardner 499 Boston Crosby 82 July (Wholesaler's Germination Test, 75%) Frank Howard, Inc., Pittsfield 500 Eclipse Blood 84 July (Wholesaler's Germination Test, 86%) Frank Howard, Inc., Pittsfield 534 Detroit Dark Red 76 July Clark Hardware Co., Greenfield 738 Edmands' Blood Turnip 89 July G. E. Doane. Middleboro 743 Detroit Dark Red 67 July S. C. M. Packard & Co., Cambridge ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 414 Early Wonder 94 July (Wholesaler's Germination Test 99%) Ross Bros. Co., Worcester 800 Crosby Egyptian 93 July Trask Hardware Co., Brockton JOHN VARICK SEED CO., Manchester, N. H. 565 Crosby Egyptian 90 July (Wholesaler's Germination Test 65%) L. L. Peavy Hardware Co., Newburyport F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 820 Detroit Dark Red 82 July Town Square Supply Co., Norwood BROCCOLI THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 173 Green Sprouting 79 May Wm. H. Casey, Milford JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 272 Italian Green Sprouting 58 June Parker Hardware Co., Maynard 454 Broccoli Rapa 79 July Duncan's Hardware Co., Melrose BRUSSELS SPROUTS FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 642 Long Island Improved 93 June Salem Hardware Co., Salem 36 CONTROL SERIES No. 92 1937 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS - Continued VEGETABLES — Continued . ■ ' _ % J937u Tab Wholesale Distributor. Kind of Seed and ^ST o^Test L^- Variety. Dealer, and Place Collected Found o. lest CABBAGE THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 63 Ju,y 264 Improved Savoy ■ ■ • • Farm Service Stores, Hudson FERRY-MORSE SEED COMPANY, Detroit, Mich. % May 207 Premium Late Flat Dutch Cabbage E. A. Landery, Northbndge 91 July 253 All Head Early ■•■••■■ .■ ■ : Sears Roebuck Co., Framingham FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. 85 May 129 Danish Bill Held .- • - -, ,„,„„ any\ finMi (Wholesaler's Germination Test, approx. 90 /0) (W ) Fitchburg Hardware Co., Fitchbug 96 July 249 Golden Acre • • ■ • • • ■•■;•• ■ Vanduzer Hardware Co., Framingham 90 July 781 Danish Ball Head. •••■•••■; ;, Sherman Hardware Co., Plymouth FREDONIA SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 64 May 82 July 64 Danish Ball Head. . Clark Hardware Co., West Springfield 344 All Head Early ■ ■ • • • ■ • • - ■ ■ ■ • • ■ ■ • ■ Skelton Hardware Co., Newton Center CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. ^ May 113 Premium Late Flat Dutch . . .. ... ■ ■■■ ■■■ - ■ ■ • ■ v /jojyx (Wholesaler's Germination Test, 757c or better) two O. B. Parks Co., Westfield LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 6 July 300 Early Jersey Wakefield. Centerville Hardware Co., Lowell _ , , 11 July sfis Farlv Jersey Wakefield Wilson's Hardware Co., Newburyport NORTHRUP, KING & CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 72 May 148 Copenhagen Market . ■•••■■■ Davis Hardware Co., Gardner JEROME B. RICE SEED CO.. Cambridge, N. Y. g2 July 292 Mammoth Rock Red •••■••■•••■•„ The Smith Hardware Co., Lowell 87 July 356 Damsh faU Head^. ^^- -& •paintCo., ' Ware ' 67 July 4^4 Late Flat Dutch • ■ ■ ■ • Rossier's Nation Wide Stores, Paxton .90 July 785 Late Flat Dutch ............. ■ • • Kingston Hardware Co., Kingston ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 50 july 438 Danish B^He^d^^ ^ .^^ ^- -^ 40 (R) August 799 Stone Mason ■ • • ■ • • ■ ■ ■ Trask Hardware Co., Brockton CAULIFLOWER BUDD D. HAWKINS, Reading, Vt. 7S May 61 Early Snpw-ball • ■ •■••■■.•• i-: : • • • " Clark Hardware Co., West Springfield LAKE SHORE SEED CO.. Dunkirk, N. Y. 33 June 305 Earlv Snow-ball. . ■■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Centralville Hardware Co., Lowell SEED INSPECTION 37 1937 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued % 1937 Lab. \\ holesale Distributor, Kind ol Seed and Germination Month No. Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Found of Test CAULIFLOWER — Concluded PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. 791 Snow-ball 74 July (Wholesaler's Germination Test, 75%) (1936) J. T. Porter Store, Pembroke JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 226 Early Snow-ball 88 June Taft Bros., Uxbridge 610 Early Snow-ball 91 June L. E. Andrews Co., Gloucester CARROTS BARTLETT & DOW HARDWARE CO., Lowell, Mass. 285 Danvers Half Long 69 June Bartlett & Dow Hardware Co., Lowell CROSSMAN'S SEED CO., Inc., East Rochester, N. Y. 358 Improved Long Orange 77 June J. B. Sibley & Son, Hardware & Paints, Ware EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, West Springfield, Mass. 459 Hutchinson (Lot No. 7-A-1717) 81 June (Wholesaler's Germination Test, 71%) Essex County Cooperative Farming Association, Topsfield THOMAS W. EMERSON CO.. Boston, Mass. 396 Danvers Half Long 64 June Waite Hardware Co., Webster. FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 47 Chantenay, Red Cored 62 May Carlisle Hardware Co., West Springfield 329 Chantenay, Red Cored 62 June Henry Duncan Hardware, Inc., Reading 422 Ox-Heart 70 June Elwood Adams Hardware Do., Worcester 436 Danvers Half Long 69 June D. M. Hoff, Clover Farm Stores, Rutland 455 Danvers Hplf Long 66 June Duncan Hardware Co., Melrose CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 30 Danvers Half Long 69 May (Wholesaler's Germination Test, 65% or better) (1937) J. Russell & Co., Holyoke 586 Imperator (Long Orange) 75 June (Wholesaler's Germination Test, 65%) (1937) Herman F. Dano, Merrimac BUDD D. HAWKINS, Reading, Vt. 135 Ox-Heart 67 May Grueners Hardware Store, Fitchburg LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 336 Danvers Half Long 64 June Smith Hardware Co., Reading 385 Chantenay 45 June Wilson's Hardware Co., Newburyport 620 Danvers Half Long 45 June J. M. Carter Co., Hardware, Manchester 646 Danvers Half Long 48 June W. T. Cloon Hardware Co., Marblehead 668 Chantenay 28 June North Shore Hardware Co., Lynn 38 CONTROL SERIES No. 92 1937 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS - Continued VEGETABLES — Continued . — " " " % 1937 Lab Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and ^S™ tf Test No." Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected fround CARROTS — Concluded 63 June 732 Chantenay • ■ ii.'J J," W Ka-Daw-Cut Farm Stores, Middleboro ... 45 June 758 Chantenay ■ • G. W. Cooper, Plymouth LANDRETH SEED COMPANY, Bristol, Pa. ?3 June 425 Long Orange , ■ ■ • ■ • ; Elwood Adams Hardware Co., Worcester NORTHRUP, KING & CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 6Q June 439 Ox-Heart ■ ■ • • • ■ • A. I. Griff en, Grocer, Rutland PAGE SEED COMPANY, Greene, N. Y. 6g May 79 Improved Long Orange. ........... ■ • • ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ;10,7x (Wholesaler's Germination Test, 65% or better) (193/ ) George Methe Co., Springfield 59j(R) August 250 Ox-Heart • • .......... • ■ • • ■ ,cc^; (Wholesaler's Germination lest, 65 /c) Vanduzer Hardware Co., Framingham JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 61 June 236 Danvers Half Long ■■■■■■■ ■■■ ■■■ Marlboro Hardware Co., Marlboro ROSS BROS. CO Worcester, Mass. 64 May 211 Early Chantenay E. A. Landery, Northbndge 46 June 268 Danvers Half Long ■ ■ • • A. T. Knight & Co., Grain Store Hudson CELERY FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. ftQ Ju!y 687 Golden Yellow . . ......... ■ ■ ■ • ■ • ■ ■ ■ • Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Co., Wrentham FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. 85 june 314 Golden Yellow Self Blanching Treat Hardware Co., Lawrence 81 July 634 Giant Pascal....... • • ■ • ■ • ■- Waters Brown Hardware Co., balem FREDONIA SEED COMPANY, Fredonia, N. Y. gl May 65 Giant Pascal • • ■ ; • ■ • • ■ : Clark Hardware Co., West Springfield J. J. H. GREGORY & SON, Marblehead, Mass. gs June 658 Golden Plume ■ ■ • • ■ ■ ■ ■ J. J. H. Gregory & Son, Marblehead CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. g2 May 202 White Plume ■ • ■ ■ • ■ - ■ ■ ■ ■■■■ (Wholesaler's Germination Test, 80%) (1937) Charles Tebo, Grafton PAGE SEED CO., Greene. N. Y. 70 May 81 Giant Pascal . . . ... • • • ■ • ;• • • • ■■-•.• ;,'0,7\' ' ' (Wholesaler s Germination Test, 60%) (lv-su George Methe Co., Springfield JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 36 Tune 261 Golden Self Blanching . Robinson Hardware Co., Hudson 87 July 446 White Plume Kelton's Market, Holden CORN BARTLETT & DOW CO.. Lowell, Mass. gg June 286 Black Mexican ■ • Bartlett & Dow Co., Lowell SEED INSPECTION 39 1937 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued % 1937 r-ab. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Germination Month No- Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Found of Test CORN — Continued 289 Crosby 98 Tune Bartlett & Dow Co., Lowell JOSEPH BRECK & SONS CORP., Boston, Mass. 182 Whipple's Yellow 94 Tune Geb Hardware Co., Franklin 183 Golden Bantam 91 June Geb Hardware Co., Franklin COMSTOCK-FERRE CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 19 Golden Cross 97 May Foster-Farrar Co., Northampton THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 228 Golden Sunshine 97 June Adams Hardware Co., Northboro 274 Golden Sunshine 95 June Parker Hardware Co., Maynard 298 Golden Hummer 95 June Cover & Palm Grain Co., Lowell 426 Country Gentleman Sweet 95 June Lincoln Square Hardware Co., Worcester, Mass. 593 Golden Bantam 99 i,,n. W. H. Dewhirst, Haverhill J 601 Golden Bantam g9 June L. E. Smith Hardware Co., Gloucester J. J. H. GREGORY & SON, Marblehead, Mass. 654 Bantam Evergreen 97 June J. J. H. Gregory & Son, Marblehead CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 23 Golden Bantam 97 Mav J. Russell & Co., Holyoke 1 14 Early Golden Sunshine 88 May Leominster Hardware Co., Leominster 157 Golden Sunshine 9^ i„no C. T. Price & Co., Athol J e 318 Whipple's Yellow 90 june Treat Hardware Co., Lawrence 319 Stowell's Evergreen 93 June Treat Hardware Co., Lawrence 320 Golden Cross Bantam 99 June Treat Hardware Co., Lawrence 388 Whipple's Early Yellow 67 June Essex Co. Cooperative Farming Association, Topsfield 561 Yellow Sensation 79 June Essex Co. Cooperative Farming Association, Topsfield LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 334 Stowell Evergreen 34 June Smith Hardware Co., Reading 622 Stowell's Evergreen 40 June J. W. Carter Hardware Co., Manchester 647 Country Gentlemen 60 i„np W. F. Cloon, Marblehead J LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago, 111. 177 Golden Hummer 95 June Kingman Hardware Co., Franklin 581 Golden Hummer 9g June T. B. Keene Hardware Co., Amesbury 40 CONTROL SERIES No. 92 1937 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS - Continued VEGETABLES — Continued " " % 1937 Lab Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and ^"^T JfTwt No.' Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Found ot lest CORN — Concluded 99 June 627 Golden Hummer Winer Bros., Beverly PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. 98 June 275 Golden Sunshine. . . • • : • • ■ • • • ■ ■ ■ Seder & Gimber Grain Co., Maynard 97 June 276 Whipple's Yellow Sweet • Seder & Gimber Grain Co., Maynard 87 June 375 Golden Evergreen ..•••• ■ • ■ ■ • • Gatzke Hardware Co., Webster 95 June 402 Golden Giant Harry Seder, Webster C PEDRICK SEED CO., Pedrickstown, N. J. gg June 198 WMP?v2n1!e^nan (The Continental Nurseries)! Franklin ' JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 93 June 165 Golden Giant . . . . . . ......... • - • ■ • • - • • ■ (Wholesaler s Germination Test 90%) H. S. Chadbourne Co., Milford 76 June 311 Country Gentleman Treat Hardware Co., Lawrence 90 June 451 Golden Bantam Sweet. .. . . . • ■ Whitmore Hardware Co., Melrose ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 98 june 367 Golden Giant • • ■ • • ■ • • Burlingame Hardware Co., Uxioro. S D. WOODRUFF & SONS, Orange, Conn. g3 June 10 Woodruff's Selected Beauty. . ••■••• ■■- naij< (Wholesaler's Germination Test 90%) (1937) W. N. Potter & Sons, Northampton 98 June 265 Purdue Golden Bantam Farm Service Stores, Hudson CRESS FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. 58 August 345 Pepper Grass •■..•; Pebco Hardware Co., Wellesley CUCUMBER BARTLETT & DOW CO., Lowel 85 june 284 Davis Perfect ........ . . ■ ■ • ■ ■ Bartlett & Dow Co., Lowell COMSTOCK-FERRE CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 91 ju]y 540 White Spine L. S. Field, Montague 91 June 625 White Spine ■ ■ • • ■ ■ Whitcomb Carter Co., Beverly FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. g8 May 50 Improved Long Green. . ... •■■■•■.■••■ , Carlisle Hardware Co., West Springfield 89 June 616 Improved Long Green. ..•■•• • C. R. Beston Hardware Co., Manchester 77 June 683 Early Short Green. •■■■•■■• • •. : • ■ .• Sinclair Hardware Co., Medford 82 June 686 ^eaTAtlamfc & Pacific Tea Co. Wrentham 85 June 719 Boston Pickling ■ • • ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ • m~'''t''' Taunton Plumbing & Hardware Co., Taunton SEED INSPECTION 41 1937 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued % 1937 Lab. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Germination Month Xo. Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Found of Test CUCUMBER — Continued 753 White Spine 87 June A. C. Chapman, Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Co., Provincetown 755 Improved Long Green 92 June J. D. Hilliard, Inc., Provincetown 788 Short Green 79 June Sweetzer's General Store, Duxbury FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. 369 Boston Pickling 97 June Burlingame Hardware Co., Oxford J. J. H. GREGORY & SON, Marblehead, Mass. 653 Improved White Spine •. 97 June J. J. H. Gregory & Son, Marblehead CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 29 Improved White Spine 87 May (Wholesaler's Germination Test 85%) (1937) J. Russell & Co., Holyoke 138 Improved White Spine 84 June Grueners Hardware Co., Fitchburg 5 1 2 Long Green 95 July Berkshire Hardware Co., Pittsfield 550 Long Green 98 July (Wholesaler's Germination Test 85% or better) (1937) Red & White Store, North Hatfield 585 Boston Pickling 82 June (Wholesaler's Germination Test 85%) (1937) Herman F. Dano, Merrimac 730 Improved Long Green 90 June (Wholesaler's Germination Test 85%) (1937) T. W. Pierce Hardware Co., Middleboro 782 Improved White Spine 93 June (Wholesaler's Germination Test 90%) (1937) Sherman Hardware Co., Plymouth BUDD D. HAWKINS. Reading, Vt. 240 Long Green (Improved) 90 June Lamson Hardware Co., Marlboro LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N Y. 703 Boston Pickling 64 June J. W. Gove. Inc., Wrentham 765 Peerless White Spine 51 June Bliss Hardware Co., Plymouth NORTHRUP, KING & CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 522 Improved Long Green 97 July W. E. Aubuchon, Inc., Turners Falls 798 Improved Long Green 95 June Trask Hardware Co., Brockton JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 210 Early White Spine 87 June A. E. Landery, Northbridge 440 Boston Pickling 76 June A. I. Griffen, Grocer, Rutland 716 White Spine (Improved Early Arlington,) 89 June Pierce Hardware Co., Taunton ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 297 Early White Spine 79 June Cover & Palm Co., Grain, Lowell 553 Boston Pickling 99 July Whitcomb's Store, North Hatfield 42 CONTROL SERIES No. 92 1937 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued ___ ~ % 1937 Lab Wholesale Distributor Kind of Seed and Germination Month Na Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Found of 1 est CUCUMBER — Concluded F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 514 Improved White Spine y9 Ju y Crown Paper & Paint Co., North Adams 636 Hybrid 92 June B. F. Hill Co., Hardware, Salem 819 White Spine (Improved) ■ 87 July Town Square Hardware & Supply Corp., Norwood WHOLESALER UNKNOWN , 353 Early Fortune ■■ li JU e J. B. Sibley & Son, Hardware & Paint, Ware DANDELION THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 295 Thick Leaf ■ ■■•■ " June The Thompson Hardware Co., Lowell LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 567 Dandelion ' Juy North Shore Hardware Co., Lynn DILL FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 630 Dill " J Winer Bros., Beverly CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 213 Long Island Mammoth ....... .. . . . . • ■ ■ • ■■••■• (Wholesaler s Germination Test 50%) (1937) Uxbridge Hardware Co., Uxbridge EGGPLANT CROSSMAN SEED CO., East Rochester, N. Y. 257 Improved New York Purple ••■■•• J (Wholesaler's Germination Test 80%) (1937) S. S. Kresge (5 & 10c Store), Framingham LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. M 218 Early Large Purple ■ Uxbridge Hardware Co., Uxbridge ENDIVE CROSSMAN SEED CO., East Rochester, N. Y. qQ June 256 Green Curled - - ■ ■ ■••••. (Wholesaler's Germination Test 90%) S. S. Kresge 5 & 10c Store, Framingham BUDD D. HAWKINS, Reading, Vt. M 62 Broad-leaved Batavian . . . . • . ■ ■ ■ Clark Hardware Co., West Springfield 371 Green Curled (Giant Fringed Oyster) 86 June Burlingame Hardware Co., Oxford PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. g7 july 835 Moss Curled . .....■•■■• • ■ ■ ■ ■ • • ■ ■ ■ • • ■ ■ • ■ • ■ (Wholesaler s Germination Test 75%) (19i6) H. A. Spear & Son, Inc., Walpole WHOLESALER UNKNOWN g3 July 812 Endive ■ a' - ' V..' \ W. E. Aubuchon Hardware Co., Clinton KALE LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 2? Jung 701 Kale , T ■ • ■ • ■ • ■ v J. W. Gove Hardware, Inc., Foxboro SEED INSPECTION 43 1937 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued % 1037 Lab. \\ bolesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Germination Month No. Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Found of Test KOHL RABI NORTHRUP. KING & CO.. Minneapolis, Minn. 262 Early White 82 June W. E. Aubuchon Hardware Co., Hudson LEEK THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 294 Large Flag 96 June The Thompson Hardware Co., Lowell LETTUCE BARTLETT & DOW CO., Hardware, Lowell, Mass. 282 Big Boston 96 June Bartlett & Dow Co., Hardware, Lowell JOSEPH BRECK & SONS CORP., Boston, Mass. 816 Big Boston 95 July Chase Hardware Co., Dedham COMSTOCK-FERRE CO., Wethersfield, Conn. *>23 Iceberg 96 June Whitcomb Carter Co., Hardware, Beverly CROSSMAN SEED CO., East Rochester, N. Y. 357 Iceberg 59 (R) June J. B. Sibley & Son, Hardware & Paints, Ware FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 52 Black Seeded Simpson 86 May Carlisle Hardware Co., West Springfield 153 Romaine 85 May Bengston Hardware Co., Gardner 206 Early Curled 92 May E. A. Landery. Northbridge 492 Black Seeded Simpson 96 July C. G. Glennan, Dalton 548 Big Boston 96 July H. W. Wolfram, North Hatfield 644 Prize Head 90 June E. K. Murphy Hardware Co., Marblehead 673 White Romaine 89 June Hutchinson Hardware Co., Lynn 805 Black Seeded Simpson 97 June Brockton Hardware Co., Brockton 827 Salamander 10 July Norwood Hardware & Supply Co., Norwood FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. 803 Special White Big Boston 97 J une Brockton Hardware Co., Brockton FREDONIA SEED CO, Fredonia, N. Y. 445 Early Prize Head 75 June C. L. Bigelow, Grocer, Rutland 518 Grand Rapids 83 July E. M. Gulow & Co., Turners Falls CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 32 Iceberg 88 May (Wholesaler's Germination Test 75% or better) (1937) J. Russell & Co., Holyoke 137 Big Boston 74 May (Wholesaler's Germination Test 70% or better) (1937) Gueners Hardware Store, Fitchburg 44 CONTROL SERIES No. 92 l"**^!^^^ SEEDS -Continued VEGETABLES — Continued % 1937 Wholesale Distributor Kind of Seed and ^nation Month L*»- Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected LETTUCE — Continued CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield. Conn. 70 June 235 Big Boston •■■'.'''•'' V ' * VricrY (Wholesaler's Germination Test 70%) Hanley Hardware Co.. Marlboro 96 July 488 MayKi^^^.^^:^- 97 July 492 BigBostonrnerS£Co.Gt.Barr.ngton 75 July 513 Big Wholesaler's Germination Test'70%) (1937) Commercial Hardware & Paint Co., Adams 99 July 542 Early Curled Simpson. . . . . . • ■ ■ • F. C. Sears Co., South Deerfield HYGRADE SEED CO., INC., Tuckahoe, N. Y. 86 May 59 IC6b (Wholesaled Germination Test 85%)' (W37) Clark Hardware Co., Springfield LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 40 May ^17 Early Curled Silesia. ■ • • • TT ■ • ■ • Uxbridge Hardware Co., Uxbndge 68 June 303 Grand Rapids • • ■• • ■ • ■ ■ Cenf-alville Hardware Co., Lowell 94 June 335 Green Ice Head ■•■■.: Smith Hardware Co., Reading 53 June 386 Sil^;fson;s Hardware Co.', Newburyport 92 July 541 Grand Rapids. ■■■■■■■■■■■ v , A E E. Putnam, South Deerfield 45 June 621 Hajn\^ carter Co!,' Hardware, Manchester' 34 June 648 Big Boston ■••■••■ • ■ • ■ ■ ■ • ; W. F. Cloon, Marblehead 43 June 759 Hanson ■ ■ • G. W. Cooper, Plymouth LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago, 111. 98 July 857 New York or Wonderful. . . . A. E. Wardell, New Bedford NORTHRUP, KING & CO., Minneapolis, Minn. g6 June 370 Grand Rapids . ■ - • ■ ■■ - ■■ ■ Burlingame Hardware Co.. Uxtora 72 July 503 Prp^r^ Hardware Co. Pittsfield 84 June 744 Black Seeded Simpson . . . . . . ■ ■ • S. M. C. Packard & Co., Wareham PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. 78 May 78 EarlIwhoTes"lear's Germination Test 80%): (1936) George Methe Co., Springfield 83 June 269 EarVho^"^Germination Test-80%) (1936) A. T. Knight Co. Grain Stores, Hudson 78 July 487 ^^no^sKGermination Test 80%)' (1936) Ford & Parker, Dalton SEED INSPECTION 45 1937 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES - Continued % 1937 Lab. Wholesale Distributor, Kind ot Seed and Germination Month No. Variety, 1 >ealer, and Place Collected Found of Test LETTUCE — Concluded 545 Black Seeded Simpson 87 July (Wholesaler's Germination Test 80%) (1936) Deerfield Hardware Co., South Deerfield 556 Earlv Prize Head 73 (R) July (Wholesaler's Germination Test 80%) (1936) D. F. Riley, North Hatfield ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 435 Black Seeded Tennis Ball 59 June Rossiers Nation Wide Stores, Paxton 608 Early Simpson 92 June L. E. Andrews Co., Hardware, Gloucester 761 May King 94 June G. W. Cooper, Plymouth 801 Prize Head 99 June Trask Hardware Co., Brockton F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 490 New York No. 12 96 July Piatt & Gos'ee, Great Barrington 573 Black Seeded Tennis Ball 98 June M. W. Duggan Company, Newburyport MUSKMELON EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, West Springfield, Mass. 387 Honey Rock 95 June (Wholesaler's Germination Test 92%) Essex County Cooperative Farming Assoc, Topsfield FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 46 Hearts of Gold 93 May Carlisle Hardware Company, Wrest Springfield J. J. H. GREGORY & SON, Marblehead, Mass. 655 Osage 94 June J. J. H. Gregory & Son, Marblehead PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. 172 Rocky Ford 71 June (Wholesaler's Germination Test 80%) (1936) Wm. T. Casey Store, Milford ONIONS JOSEPH BRECK & SONS CORP., Boston, Mass. 680 White Globe 88 June Lynn Bird & Seed Co., Lynn THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 110 Danvers Yellow Globe 88 May O. B. Parks & Co.. Westfield FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 51 Cebola Cipolla (For Bunching) 89 May Carlisle Hardware Co., West Springfield 53 Yellow Globe 84 May Carlisle Hardware Co., West Springfield 254 Red Wethersfield 80 June Sears Roebuck Co., Framingham 352 Cebola Cipolla (For Bunching) 90 June Lockheart Hardware Co., Natick 418 Southport Yellow Globe 98 June Waite Hardware Co., Worcester 575 Yellow Globe Danvers 97 June M. W. Duggan Co., Newburyport 46 CONTROL SERIES No. 92 1937 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS - Continued VEGETABLES — Continued ■ ' % 1937 Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and ^"Sh"1 #tS L^- Variety. Dealei. and Place Collected Found ol lest ONIONS — Concluded 94 June ^1 1 Sonthoort Yellow Globe ■ - - : ■ : 612 boy;RPa°ymond smith Hardware Co., Gloucester CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. ^ May 26 Yell0(rVho£i?r'snGeerminati0n Test 70% or better) (193V) " J. Russell & Co., Holyoke .... 88 June 243 Yellow Globe Danvers .......... • • • • _~ • ;1Q,7V (Wholesaler's Germination Test 85%) (.193/) Lamson Hardware Co., Marlboro 76 (R) June 309 Red Wethersfield. .......... ■ ■ • • ■••--. (Wholesaler's Germination Test 85%) Scott Hardware Co., Lowell LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 12 June 338 Si Srn'itfHardware Co.! Inc./ Reading 90 June 566 & Wilson's Hardware Co.', Newburyport ' NORTHRUP, KING & CO., Minneapolis, Minn. yg May 1 11 Yellow Globe Danvers. •■■•■■••■•.■ 151 Aubuchon Hardware Co., Gardner 79 May 1 as T arce Red Wethersfield 168 La£fesKchadbourne Co., Milford 73 June 293 Yellow Globe Danvers ........ . ■ The Smith Hardware Co., Lowell PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. 83 june 376 PriZe(tWholesaler's Germination Test 75%) (1937) Gatzke Hardware Co., Webster ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. g3 june 560 Y^0-Gh°^n Hardware Co., Newburyport ' PARSNIP EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, West Springfield Mass.^ ^ 456 Improved Hollow Grown Lot No. 24-B-3627 (Wholesaler's Germination lest /i/0; ES County Cooperative Farming Assoc. Topsfield THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 44 June 147 Large Smooth ■,'•.', Fiske Hardware Co., Natick 69 June 579 Hollow Crown ■ • ■ • • ■ • ■ • • • : ■ Farm Service Stores, Newburyport 69 June 604 Hollow grOaWnHardware ^ • ^—^ ' 59 June 641 Hollow Crown . . . ■ • ■ ■ • •■ Salem Hardware Co., Salem 89 July 838 Hollow Crown • • • ■ • • • ■ • Charles T. Eastman, Falmouth FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. 79 June 448 Hollow Crown ■•••■■••:•■ v " ' V ' i 'jiri<7,\ (Wholesaler's Germination Test 8U /0) Whittmore Hardware Co., Melrose CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield. Conn. 63 May 25 HO" (WhoSer's Germination Test 50% or better) (1937) J. Russell & Co., Holyoke SEED INSPECTION 47 1937 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS - Continued . VEGETABLES — Continued ^b' Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Germ.w;™ nJ93!i. ^ Variety. Dealer, and Place Collected ^JwT *ff£ PARSNIP — Concluded 348 Hollow Crown Fiske Hardware Co., Natick 45 Iune 395 Hollow Crown (Wholesaler's Germination Test 50%) (1937) 61 ^une Waite Hardware Co., Webster 415 Hollow Crown Waite Hardware Co., Worcester S9 Tune a«a LANDRETH SEED CO., Bristol. Pa. 424 Hollow Crown El wood Adams Hardware Co'.j Worcester 63 Tune „, LAUKE SHORE SEED CO.. Dunkirk, N. Y. So/ Hollow Crown Wilson's Hardware Co., Newburyport 4 Tune PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. 80 Hollow Crown (Wholesaler's Germination Test 60% or better) (1937) 68 May George Methe Co., Springfield ' U J/) «o R?xS5?, BROS- CO- Worcester, Mass. Joe Hollow Crown Burlingame Hardware Co.j Oxford 76 Tune *« F'DH- WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 355 Parsnip J. B. Sibley & Son, Hardware &' Paints', Ware 84 June ,„ SD WOODRUFF & SONS, Orange, Conn. 122 Hollow Crown Farm Service Stores, Leominster 71 May PARSLEY 515 TKfeSC^ERS0N.C0:.B0St0n- Mass' E. M. Gulow & Co., Turners Falls 76 Tuly S70 FERRY-MORSE SEED CO.. Detroit, Mich. i'O Champion Moss Curled Wilson's Hardware Co., Newburyport 89 Tune .67 CHDAwRarfE^o£cHu^dT.SE.ED. C°" ^ethersneld, Conn. H. S. Chadbourne Co., Milford 88 May 569 LypSnSHORE SEED C°" Dunkirk- N' Y- Wilson's Hardware Co., Newburyport 31 Tune 665 Double Curled North Shore Hardware Co!, Lynn 6 June 52! ^Sc2.&Ca' Mi—lis' Mi- Orange Hardware Co., Inc., Orange 63 Julv «n PJYfK SPED CO- Greene, N. Y. 359 Moss Curled (Wholesaler's Germination Test 60%) (19S7> 75 Tune Robinson's Hardware Co., Ware JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y 237 Large Hamburg Rooted Marlboro Hardware Co., Marlboro 66 Tur>e 502 Fern Leaved (Wholesaler s Germination Test 98%) M9Tn 9? Tu,y Frank Howard, Inc., Pittsfield ^w; 537 Plain Levitt & Whitney, Orange 86 July 4g CONTROL SERIES No. 92 1937 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS - Continued VEGETABLES — Continued ___ % 1W7 Wholesale Distributor Kind of Seed and <*™%%T *t£? Lab- Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected « . PEAS BARTLETT & DOW CO., Lowell, Mass. 95 june 288 Thomas Laxton. . . . . . ._ ■••■•„■ Bartlett & Dow Co., Lowell JOSEPH BRECK & SONS CORP.. Boston, Mass. 92 July 742 TesePC°M Packard & Co.; Wareham 99 July 779 Hundred Fold • 772 Huna ^ ^ plymouth J 97 July 773 Imp. Telephone. . . . . • T E. Jordan Co., Plymouth J" 57 July 787 Dwarf Telephone • ■ ■ ■ ■ 7 Sweetser's General Store, Duxbury 93 July 818 Gradus • ■ • ■ ■ E. J- Kellan, Dedham COMSTOCK-FERRE CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 91 May 18 Nott's Excelsior Dwarf. ••■■■••■ Foster-Farrar Co., Northampton 95 July *.q* Sutton's Excelsior ■ - - ■ • • ■ 693 Johnson Hardware Co., Wrentham J 92 July 694 Johnson Hardware Co. Wrentham ■■ J 95 July 843 GHdarvey's Hardware' Store (Harvey U. Martin)', Falmouth' THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 95 June 139 TtrS's Hardware Co:, Fitchburg-' 98 June 174 World's Record • ■ ■ ■•;•; ■ ■ , 1 F A Gould Hardware Co., Milford 91 June 229 Thomas Laxton ■■■■••■■••■ ■ ', V ' ' " Adams Hardware Co.. Northboro 92 June 431 B1L?ncoTnaSQuare Hardware Co/, Worcester ' 89 July 532 Uofan™ea Hardware Co.". Inc.; Orange ' 87 July 698 Tele^^.^^.^^^^^- ^ ^ 699 PTwmGS™ Inc'-Hardware/Foxboro ' ^ ^ 723 MC^b?BaS Yerxa Co.', Taunton ' " ^ ^ 807 Li^Co^ty'Cooperative Farming Assoc/. Topsfield 96 July 834 Nott's Excelsior • ■ • • • • ■ • • ■ ■ • • ■ H A. Spear & Son, Inc., Walpole 96 July 840 Telephone ■ • • • • • ■ : Charles T. Eastman, Falmouth CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 9? June 117 SU^^ter Hardware Co;.' Leominster ■ 58 (R) June 145 Tall Telephone. ■•■■•••■■■•; Davis Hardware Co., Gardner 97 June 159 Little Marvel. ■■••••;••■: C T. Price & Co., Athol 89 June T47 World's Record • ■ ■ • •.• • ■ H. L. Sawyer & Co. , Framingham SEED INSPECTION 49 1937 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued % 1937 Lab. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Germination Month No- Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Found of Test PEAS— Concluded 731 Hundredfold 9g juiv T. W. Pierce Hardware Co., Middleboro LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago, 111. 162 Alaska 99 June A. E. Stewart Estate, Athol 1 76 Thomas Laxton 95 June Kingman Hardware Co., Franklin 1 78 Alderman 93 June Kingman Hardware Co., Franklin PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. 535 Improved Telephone 91 tuiv D. F. Riley, North Hatfield 792 Sutton's Excelsior 89 jujy Stone Hardware Co., Brockton 794 Dwarf Champion P 98 ju]y Stone Hardware Co.. Brockton JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 43 Alaska Q8 May (Wholesaler's Germination Test[96%) Wells Hardware Co., Holyoke 479 Dwarf Telephone 97 t„i„ R. E. Faulkner, Palmer V 508 Howard's Hundredfold 99 jujy (Wholesaler's Germination Test 95%) (1937) Frank Howard, Inc., Pittsfield 509 Thomas Laxton 99 jujy Frank Howard, Inc., Pittsfield 528 Tall Telephone 99 July Clark Hardware Co., Greenfield 739 Laxton's Progress 915 t„iv G. E. Doane, Middleboro 762 Dwarf Telephone P 72 ju]y Sherman Hardware Co., Plymouth 779 Nott's Excelsior 86 July Sherman Hardware Co., Plymouth 783 Telephone o0 ju] Kingston Hardware Co., Kingston 808 Improved Dwarf Telephone 96 July Hamilton Hardware Co., Clinton F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 765 Gradus 9g ju]y Bliss Hardware Co., Plymouth PEPPERS THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 234 Neapolitan 24 June Hanley Hardware Co., Marlboro FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 417 Ruby King 86 June Waite Hardware Co., Worcester 607 Sweet Bull Nose 80 June C. G. Gray & Sons, Inc., Gloucester FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. 684 World Beater 97 june Sinclair Hardware Co., Medford 50 CONTROL SERIES No. 92 1937 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued % 1937 Lab. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Germination Month No. Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Found of Test PEPPERS — Concluded CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 725 California Wonder 72 June Cobb, Bates & Yerxa Co., Taunton LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 663 Red Bell 13 June North Shore Hardware Co., Lynn JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 308 Large Bell 74 June Scott Hardware Co., Lowell 330 Red Cherry Peparoli 63 June Henry Duncan Hardware Co., Reading 339 Harris' Earliest 83 June J. H. Chandler & Son Hardware Co., Newton Center PUMPKIN JOSEPH BRECK & SONS CORP.. Boston, Mass. 681 Small Sugar 52 June Lynn Bird & Seed Co-, Lynn BUDD D. HAWKINS, Reading, Vt. 136 Sugar or Pie 93 June Grueners Hardware Store, Fitchburg PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. 171 Large Field 76 June (Wholesaler's Germination Test 75%) (1937) W. H. Casey Store. Milford 476 539 483 524 643 214 180 447 551 852 RADISH THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. Scarlet Globe 94 June W. C. Ring, Palmer Early Scarlet Turnip 95 July L. S. Field, Montague FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. Early Scarlet Turnip White Tipped 93 July C. F. Glennan, Dalton Early Scarlet Turnip White Tipped 91 July S. Allen & Sons, Greenfield Crimson Giant 94 June E. K. Murphy Hardware Co., Marblehead FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. French Breakfast 95 May (Wholesaler's Germination Test 95%) (1937) Uxbridge Hardware Co., Uxbridge CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. Early Scarlet Globe 89 May (Wholesaler's Germination Test 85% or better) (1937) J. Russell & Co., Holyoke Early White Tipped Scarlet 98 May (Wholesaler's Germination Test 85%) (1937) Kingman Hardware Co., Franklin Scarlet Globe 91 June Kelton's Market, Holden Early White Tipped Scarlet 87 July Red & White Store, North Hatfield White Icicle 95 July Saunders Hardware & Paint Co., Middleboro SEED INSPECTION 51 1937 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS - Continued VEGETABLES — Continued L?b- Wholesale Distributor Kind of Seed and Germination Month ^ °" \ ariety, Dealer, and Plare Collected Found of Test RADISH — Concluded LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk N Y 766 Early Red ' ,R T Bliss Hardware Co., Plymouth J Une LANDRETH SEED CO., Bristol. Pa. 516 French Breakfast 91 r , (Wholesaler's Germination Test 86%) (1937) H. Newell & Co., Shelburne Falls ..„ NORTHRUP, KING & CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 149 Long White Icicle 97 w„v Davis Hardware Co., Gardner y 496 French Breakfast 0H T , Phelan Hardware Co., Lee J y PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. 494 Long White Icicle 89 T] (Wholesaler's Germination Test 80%) (1936) Ford & Parker, D,lton 546 Early Scarlet Turnip Q, T, (Wholesaler's Germination Test 85%) (1936) South Deerfield Hardware Co., So. Deerfield 552 Early Scarlet Turnip 90 T ■ (Wholesaler's Germination Test 85%) (1936) D F Riley, North Hatfield JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N Y 118 Rice's Imp. Scarlet Globe 86 M Leominster Hardware Co., Leominster 270 Early Scarlet White Tipped 8S Tllri„ MacPherson's Hardware, Maynard J 312 French Breakfast 7= T„„0 Treat Hardware Co., Lawrence " J 449 Scarlet Turnip (Early) Sfi Tn__ Whitmore Hardware Co.. Melrose J 501 Scarlet Turnip White Icicle g6 Tu] (Wholesaler's Germination Test 90%) (1937) Frank Howard, Inc., Pittsfield ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 397 Early Scarlet Q7 Tllm> Waite Hardware Co., Webster J 557 Early Scarlet „. T, Whitcomb Store, North Hatfield J y F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 491 Early Scarlet Qfi T , Piatt & Goslee, Great Barrington ' ' J y 50 1 French Breakfast oo T1 Pierson Hardware Co., Pittsfield WHOLESALER UNKNOWN 814 Early Scarlet 73 ,, Aubuchon Hardware Co., Clinton y ROSEMARY ^« JEROME B. RICE SEED CO.. Cambridge. N. Y. 340 Rosemary .. Tune J. H. Chandler & Son Hardware Co., Newton Center RUTA BAGA FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 549 American Purple Top oo T,,i„ H.W. Wolfram, North Hatfield. ' J y 52 CONTROL SERIES No. 92 1937 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued % 1937 Lab. Wholesale Distributor. Kind of Seed and Germination Month No. Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Found of Test RUTA BAGA — Concluded CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 200 White Rock 86 Jll'y (Wholesaler's Germination Test 85%) (1937) Charles Tebo, Grafton BUDD D. HAWKINS, Reading, Vt. 421 Improved Purple Top Yellow Hardy Swede 87 June Elwood Adams Hardware Co., Worcester 519 Improved Purple Top Yellow Hardy Swede 85 July Orange Hardware Co., Inc., Orange LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 733 Ruta Baga 36 June Ka-Daw-Cut Farm Stores, Middleboro PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. 360 American Purple Top S2 June (Wholesaler's Germination Test 80%) (1937) Robinson's Hardware Co., Ware ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 609 Long Island Improved S3 July L. E. Andrews Co., Hardware, Gloucester F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 822 Ruta Baga 92 July Town Square Hardware & Supply Co., Norwood SAGE CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 203 Broad Leaved 50 (R) May (Wholesaler's Germination Test 80%) (1937) Charles Tebo, Grafton BUDD D. HAWKINS, Reading, Vt. 163 English Broad Leaf 63 May A. E. Stewart Estate, Athol . . SALSIFY JOSEPH BRECK & SONS CORP., Boston, Mass. 849 Salsify gs J u!y H. V. Lawrence, Falmouth BUDD D. HAWKINS, Reading, Vt. 232 Mammoth Sandwich Island 8, July Hanley Hardware Co.. Marlboro SAVORY JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 225 Summer Savory 24 J u'y Taft Bros., Uxbridge SPINACH JOSEPH BRECK & SONS CORP.. Boston, Mass. 784 Bloomsdale 81 June Kingston Hardware Co., Kingston COMSTOCK-FERRE CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 842 King of Denmark 30 Jul>' Harvey's Hardware Co. (Mr. Martin Harvey). Falmouth THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 457 King of Denmark 87 June Essex County Cooperative Farming Assoc, Topsfield 594 Bloomsdale 95 June W. H. Dewhirst Grain Co., Haverhill 826 Round Thick Leaved 55 July Norwood Hardware & Supply Co., Norwood SEED INSPECTION 53 1937 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued % 1937 Lab. \\ hnlesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Germination Month No. Variety. Dealer, and Place Collected Found of Test SPINACH — Concluded FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit. Mich. 72 Juliana 85 May Carlisle Hardware Co., West Springfield 635 Giant Thick Leaved 80 June Waters & Brown Hardware Co., Salem CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 278 Reselected Bloomsdale Savoy 98 June (Wholesaler's Germination Test 85%) (1937) Vanderhoff Hardware Co., Concord LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 220 Round Leaf 27 May Uxbridge Hardware Co., Uxbridge 337 Round Leaf 73 June Smith Hardware Co., Reading JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 1 19 Bloomsdale Savoy Leaved 85 May Leominster Hardware Co., Leominster F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 82 1 Giant Thick Leaved 85 July Town Square Hardware Co., Norwood SQUASH BARTLETT & DOW CO., Lowell, Mass. 283 Summer Straightneck 94 June Bartlett & Dow Co., Lowell EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, West Springfield, Mass. 558 Blue Hubbard 74 June Essex County Cooperative Farming Assoc, Topsfield THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 596 Blue Hubbard 90 June W. H. Dewhirst Grain Co., Haverhill BUDD D. HAWKINS, Reading, Vt. 588 Summer Golden Crookneck 94 June Herman F. Davis, Merrimac CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 27 Giant Summer Crookneck 76 May (Wholesaler's Germination Test 85% or better) (1937) J. Russell & Co., Holyoke 564 Improved Hubbard 68 June (Wholesaler's Germination Test 65%) (1937) L. L. Peavy Hardware Co., Newburyport LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago, 111. 181 Green Hubbard 86 June Kingman Seed Co., Franklin NORTHRUP, KING & CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 150 Summer Crookneck 73 June Aubuchon Hardware Co., Gardner PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. 77 Improved Hubbard 87 May (Wholesaler's Germination Test 75% (1937) George Methe Co., Springfield F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 354 Summer Crookneck 89 June J. B. Sibley & Son, Ware SWISS CHARD THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston. Mass. 837 Swiss Chard 74 July Charles T. Eastman, Falmouth 54 CONTROL SERIES No. 92 1937 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued % 1937 Lab. Wholesale Distributor, Kind ot Seed and Germination Month No. Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Found of Test SWISS CHARD — Concluded FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. 127 Swiss Chard 86 July Fitchburg Hardware Co., Fitchburg 420 Broad Rib Green 83 July Elwood Adams Hardware Co., Worcester FREDONIA SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 443 Swiss Chard 66 July C. L. Bigelow, Grocer, Rutland CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 156 Lucullus 87 July C. T. Price & Co., Athol LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. ' 216 Swiss Chard 68 July Uxbridge Hardware Co., Uxbridge 306 Swiss Chard 67 July Centralville Hardware Co., Lowell 333 Swiss Chard or Sea Kale Beet 53 July Smith Hardware, Inc., Reading 563 Swiss Chard 66 July Wilson's Hardware Co., Newburyport TOMATO THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 584 John Baer 95 June F. B. Keene, Amesbury 605 Bonnie Best 97 June C. J. Gray & Sons, Inc., Gloucester FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 442 Stone Tomato 83 June A. I. Griffin, Grocer, Rutland FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. 147 Master Marglobe 87 May (Wholesaler's Germination Test 85%) (1937) Davis Hardware Co., Gardner 259 Master Marglobe 87 June (Wholesaler's Germination Test 80%) (1937) Robinson Hardware Co., Hudson FREDONIA SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 63 Livingston's Beauty 83 May Clark Hardware Co., West Springfield J. J. H. GREGORY & SON, Marblehead, Mass. 659 Ponderosa 91 June J. J. H. Gregory & Son, Marblehead BUDD D. HAWKINS, Reading, Vt. 587 Clark's Early Jewel 82 June Herman F. Davis, Merrimac CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 201 Earliana 93 May (Wholesaler's Germination Test 80%) (1937) Charles Tebo, Grafton 251 Hart's Improved Stone 66 June (Wholesaler's Germination Test 70%) Vanduzer Hardware Co., Framingham 505 Hart's Improved Stone 62 July (Wholesaler's Germination Test 70%) Berkshire Hardware Co., Inc., Pittsfield 571 Ponderosa 91 June (Wholesaler's Germination Test 85%) (1937) Wilson's Hardware Co., Newburyport SEED INSPECTION 55 1937 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued % 1937 Lab. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Germination Month No. Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Found of Test TOMATO — Concluded LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 734 Acme 80 June Ka-Daw-Cut Farm Stores, Middleboro ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 267 Dwarf Champion 88 June A. T. Knight Co., Grain Store, Hudson 437 Beauty 95 June D. M. Hoff, Clover Farm Stores, Rutland 441 Dwarf Champion 90 June A. I. Griffen, Grocer, Rutland 554 John Baer 85 July Whitcomb's Store, North Hatfield JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 112 June Pink 90 May O. B. Parks & Co., Westfield 682 Golden Queen 90 June Sinclair Hardware Co., Medford TURNIP THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. Ill Purple Top Strap Leaf 75 May O. B. Parks & Co., Westfield FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 56 Purple Top 89 May Carlisle Hardware Co., West Springfield CHARLES C. HART SEED CO , Wethersfield, Conn. 28 Yellow Globe 85 May (Wholesaler's Germination Test 75% or better)|(1937) J. Russell & Co., Holyoke BUDD D. HAWKINS, Reading, Vt. 57 New White Egg 99 May Clark Hardware Co., West Springfield 233 New Wrhite German 74 June Hanley Hardware Co., Marlboro 444 New White Sweet German 67 June C. I. Bigelow, Grocer, Rutland LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 768 Early Purple Top Strap Leaved 40 June Bliss Hardware Co., Plymouth PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. 547 Purple Top Strap Leaf 85 July (Wholesaler's Germination Test 80%)H(1935) Deerfield Hardware Co., South Deerfield 169 WATERMELON FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. Harris Earliest 95 May Carlisle Hardware Co., West Springfield FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. Stone Mountain 96 June H. S. Chadbourne Co., Milford 56 CONTROL SERIES No. 92 Type and Variety Studies of Vegetables Conducted in Conjunction with the Department of Vegetable Gardening Professor Grant B. Snyder A large majority of home gardeners buy their vegetable seeds from the neigh- borhood store. The commercial grower may also buy from this source if he runs short or has forgotten to order a certain crop from his regular seedsman. These various stores and shops in the neighborhood community are, therefore, im- portant sources of garden seeds. It has been found that in a fair percentage of cases, seed purchased from these sources has been variable in germination and in trueness to name. In order to definitely check the performance of packet and bulk seed sold by these mer- chants, the Department of Vegetable Gardening has cooperated with the Seed Laboratory in making germination tests and in checking the trueness to name of samples purchased on the open market by state inspectors. Some 168 lots were included in the field trials, comprising beans, beets, car- rots, cucumbers, lettuce, onions, peppers, parsnips, parsley, radishes, spinach, squash, sweet corn, tomatoes, cabbage and turnips. Field notes on germination indicated fairly good vitality in practically all lots. The various lots were mostly within the type range for the variety specified on the seed packet. The most definite variation was noticed on the root crops of carrots and beets. Some sources of carrots had a definite mixture of types from the short Chantenay through the Nantes to the longer Hutchinson. The beets varied from the top to flat types in the lots of a few of the individual sources. Seeds with most of these stores are a side line. The person selling them has little or no knowledge of what is being sold other than the information printed on the packet and the price. The conditions under which the seed is stored and displayed are too frequently very poor, resulting in poor germination when planted in the garden. Most of the varieties sold are standard sorts. Newer improved varieties are generally not listed. In the following tables, unless otherwise noted, the named varieties were within the type range. SEED INSPECTION 57 Lot No. Variety and Source Remarks BEANS BARTLETT & DOW CO., Lowell, Mass. 287 Pencil Pod Black Wax Bartlett & Dow Co., Lowell JOSEPH BRECK & SONS CORP.. Boston, Mass. 184 Long Yellow Six Weeks Bush John A. Geb Hardware Co., Franklin THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 175 Goddard Bush F. A. Gould Hardware Co.. Lowell 231 Pencil Pod Black Wax Adams Hardware Co., Northboro 430 Burpee's Bush Lima Lincoln Square Hardware Co., Worcester 748 Bountiful B. H. Dyer, Provincetown 749 Low's Champion Bush 4% off type B. H. Dyer, Provincetown FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 54 Golden Wax Carlisle Hardware Co., West Springfield 55 Fordhook Lima Carlisle Hardware Co., West Springfield CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 76 Improved Golden Wax George Methe Co., Springfield 116 Kentucky Wonder Wax Leominster Hardware Co., Leominster 158 Stringles? Green Pod C. T. Price Co., Athol LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 307 Burpee's Stringless Green Pod 4% off type Centralville Hardware Co., Lowell LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago, 111. 582 Dwarf Green Pod F. B. Keene, Amesbury JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 44 Kentucky Wonder (Green Pod) Wells Hardware Co., Holyoke 166 Dwarf Horticultural H. S. Chadbourne, Milford S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS, Orange, Conn. 263 Golden Wax W. E. Aubuchon Hardware Co., Hudson BEETS JOSEPH BRECK & SONS CORP., Boston, Mass. 677 Crosby's Egyptian Thompson's Flower Store, Lynn THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 595 Mammoth Long Red 8% off type W. H. Dewhirst Grain Co., Haverhill 3 Swiss Chard FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 49 Detroit Dark Red 12% off type Carlisle Hardware Co., West Springfield 752 Early Blood Beets 16% off type Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Co., Provincetown CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 24 Detroit Dark Red 12% off type J. Russell & Co., Holyoke 729 Early Wonder 16% off type T. W. Pierce Hardware Co., Middleboro 58 CONTROL SERIES No. 92 Lot No. Vareity and Source Remarks BEETS — Concluded CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 154 Detroit Dark Red 10% off type C. T. Price & Co., Athol 212 Early Blood Turnip 20% off type Uxbridge Hardware Co., Uxbridge LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 619 Early Egyptian Blood 8% off type J. W. Carter Hardware Co., Manchester 1 Swiss Chard 699 Dewing's Improved J. W. Gove Hardware, Inc., Foxboro 767 Early Egyptian Blood 16% off type Bliss Hardware Co., Plymo th NORTHRUP, KING & CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 706 Detroit Dark Red 20% off type W. C. Fuller Co., Mansfield PEDRICK SEED CO., Pedrickstown, N. J. 199 Detroit Dark Red 20% off type The Continental Nurseries (M. J. Van Leeman), Franklin JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 152 Crosby's Egyptian 16% off type Bengston Hardware Co., Gardner 743 Detroit Dark Red S. C. M. Packard, Cambridge CABBAGE THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 640 Stone Mason Salem Hardware Co., Salem FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 207 Premium Late Flat Dutch E. A. Landery, Northbridge FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. 129 Danish Ball-head Fitchburg Hardware Co., Fitchburg 781 Danish Ball-head Sherman Hardware Co., Plymouth FREDONIA SEED CO., Fredonia. N. Y. 64 Danish Ball-head Clark Hardware Co., West Springfield J. J. H. GREGORY & SON, Marblehead, Mass. 657 Copenhagen Market J. J. H. Gregory & Son, Marblehead CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Co n. 113 Premium Late Flat Dutch O. B. Parks Co., Westfield 790 Danish Ball-head J. T. Porter Store, Pembroke LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 300 Large Flat Dutch Centerville Hardware Co., Lowell 650 Early Jersey Wakefield W. F. Cloon Hardware, Marblehead NORTHRUP, KING & CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 148 Copenhagen Market Davis Hardware Co. Gardner JEROME B. RICE SEED CO.. Cambridge, N. Y. 292 Mammoth Red Rock The Smith Hardware Co., Lowell 785 Late Flat Dutch (Rice*s Premium) Kingston Hardware Co., Kingston ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 438 Danish Ball Head D. M. Hoff (Clover Farm Stores), Rutland . SEED INSPECTION 59 Lot No- Variety and Source Remarks CARROTS FERRV-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit. Mich. 47 Red Cored Chantenay 8 or na fvri„ Carlisle Hardware Co.. West Springfield '° VPC 754 Zanahoria Carota 34c/ ff t J. Hilliard Inc., Provincetown /o °" tyPC FRASER'S, VVellesley, Mass. 675 Morse's Bunch lnC7 _ff ,.„__ Thompson's Flower Store, Lynn /o tyPC J. J. H. GREGORY & SON, Marblehead, Mass. 652 Hutchinson Carrot i->or ~a ♦„„„ T I H r.f«m„, X, c — TV/r„.t.i„u._ j u/»on cyPe 30 615 135 J. J. H. Gregory & Son, Marblehead CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 211 DrRTss?il1&LC0onfHo,lyoPkeROOt 38% off type 1^E$£&££S£°* 36% off type BUDD D. HAWKINS, Reading. Vt. Guerande or Ox Heart ±nc/ nfF tvm. Grueners Hardware Co.. Fitchburg /c VPC LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 646 Danvers Half Long 469n LoKE ?I?OI^E SEED CO- Dunkirk, N. Y. 220 Round Leaf Uxbridge Hardware Co., Uxbridge 337 Round Leaf Tested Hi-Grade Smith Hardware Co., Reading .19 JEBr^e ££? SEED CO' Cambrid- * * Leominster Hardware Co., Leominster SQUASH 578 T^eAnST^rbaEnMERSON C°' B°^ Ma- Farm Service Stores, Newburyport 596 Blue Hubbard W. H. Dewhirst Grain Co., Haverhill FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. 618 Warren Turban C. R. Beaton Hardware Co., Manchester 564 C^SS&uJKlSiT SEED C°- "*****. ^nn. L. L. Peavy Hardware Co., Newburyport s«* BMD° D" HAWKINS, Reading, Vt. 588 Summer Golden Crookneck Herman F. Davis, Merrimac *«« LAtKE ?,HOI^E SEED CO- Dunkirk, N. Y. 666 True- Vera Hubbard North Shore Hardware Co., Lynn 123 F'Delido°u?DRUFF & S°NS' MiIf°rd' Conn- Farm Service Stores, Leominster 638 Hubbard B. F. Hill Hardware Co., Salem SWISS CHARD FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. 127 Broad Rib Green Fitchburg Hardware Co., Fitchburg 661 J'LuciullusREG°RY & S°N' Marb-lehead, Mass. J. J. H. Gregory & Son, Marblehead 71« LAKE SHORE SEED CO- Dunkirk, N. Y. 216 Sea Kale Beet or Swiss Chard Uxbridge Hardware Co., Uxbridge TOMATO THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 60S Bonnte Besty & ^ Gloucester 67T Dwarf Champion Hutchinson s Hardware Co., Lynn FREDONIA SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. *■* Livingston's Beauty . , Clark Hardware Co., Springfield J J. H. GREGORY & SON, Marblehead, Mass. 639 ' Sc|rf^ Topperardware ^ galem CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield. Conn. 201 ^SfesTebo. Grafton 614 B°C.nR.BBeeSaton Hardware Co.. Manchester LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 301 New Stones ^^ Qq Lowell 649 New S^one^^ Rardware Co., Marblehead 664 NeWoStonsehoreSeedCo_ Lynn 734 '^-Daw-Cut Farm Stores, Middleboro LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago, 111. 628 EaWner Bros. Co., Beverly JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 112 Jla B^Parks & Co.. Westfield 682 Gfnecla?rUHanrdwareCo.,Medford TURNIP CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 28 Yej11TuS1e°lie&Co.,Holyoke 291 White Egg T ,, Smith Hardware Co., Lowell LAKE SHORE SEED CO.. Dunkirk. N. Y. 705 YeJUOWGG0oveCo.,Inc.,Foxboro 788 Farlv Purple Top Strap Leaved 788 Bliss Hardware Co.. Plymouth NORTHRUP, KING & CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 690 PU^sTo°n?sKw2?Co., Wrentham SEED INSPECTION 65 Quality of Onion Seed Produced in The Connecticut Valley, Season of 1936 During the spring months of 1937, twenty-one lots of onion seed produced in the Connecticut Valley were sent to the Seed Laboratory for cleaning and via- bility tests of the graded clean seed. The same methods1 for cleaning were employed as during the spring of 1936 when ten lots of seed were received, cleaned and graded, except that hand thresh- ing of the seed gave place to a home-made mill, designed on the principle of a grist mill, but having wooden disks with contact faces of corrugated rubber in place of stones. Since the machine used for cleaning employs screens and air blast, only the heaviest seed are cleaned in the first operation. Successive operations with more air on the remaining unclean seed result in several grades of clean seed being obtained from each lot of seed processed. Most lots of seed break down into three grades, but occasionally when the seed is light in weight a fourth grade may be obtained. The following table shows the weight of the 21 lots of unclean seed as re- ceived, the total weight of the cleaned seed, and the weight and viability of each grade obtained by repeated machine separations. Lots numbered 22, 23, and 24 represent commercial clean seed purchased by one of the local onion growers and loaned to the laboratory for breaking down into grades corresponding to those obtained from the locally produced seed. The data recorded in this table show that, in most instances, grades 1 and 2 are of very high quality, as judged by viability tests. Grade 3, in most instances, gave a fair test but in no case equal to the two higher grades and with some lots of seed decidedly inferior, so much so as to throw doubt on the wisdom of blend- ing this grade with the others for field use. The three lots of graded commercial seed show differences in viability comparable with grades of locally produced seed. One ounce of seed from each grade of ten lots of local seed and a like amount of seed from each grade of the commercial lots was sown in the field for a test upon yield, trueness-to-type, and correlation of viability of the seed with proper spacing in the drill. Late planting and an unfavorable season for culture of seed onions made it impossible to draw reliable conclusions from the poor crop of onions grown. It is planned to repeat this experiment in 1938. "See Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station, Control Series, Bulletin No. 86, Nov- ember, 1936 — Page 63. 66 CONTROL SERIES No. 92 Weight of Seed Before Clean Cleaning Seed Lb. Lb. Grade No. 1 Grade No. 2 Grade No. 3 Grade No. 4 Lot No. Weight Lb. Germi- nation Percent Weight Lb. Germi- nation Percent Weight Lb. Germi- nation Percent Germi- Weight nation Lb. Percent 1 66.2 34.9 4.3 99 13.5 96 17.1 78 2 72.2 45.4 15.8 96 18. 96 11.6 88 3 8.0 6.1 1.9 96 3.4 95 .8 69 4 22.1 21.4 10.5 99 8.3 96 2.6 74 5 6 7 21.1 183.2 138.5 6.3 96.2 106.6 1.4 26.1 42.3 93 98 96 4. 39.2 42.2 90 97 96 .9 29.4 20.1 80 84 89 1.5 58 2.0 68 8 43.3 23.6 6.7 96 8.8 96 8.1 89 9 30.2 21.4 5.3 97 8.6 97 7.5 87 10 53.4 26.3 7.5 94 8.7 87 10.1 73 11 38.3 34.5 15.0 96 12.9 94 6.6 83 12 15.0 12.0 5 6 98 4.5 97 1.9 88 13 27.6 13.3 5.4 97 5.4 96 2.5 68 14 5.8 1.9 .7 97 .4 88 .8 54 15 10.0 4.9 .3 82 2.2 51 2.4 21 16 17 18 18.5 30.0 165. 17.7 8.8 57.3 3.2 4.7 16.0 47 96 89 11.6 1.5 13.7 30 91 81 2.9 1.4 11.3 21 78 78 1.2 60 16.3 54 19 32. 25.6 12.6 97 9.6 96 3.4 88 20 115. 84.1 38.5 98 37.4 97 8.2 78 21 21. 10.8 1.5 98 1.3 98 8. 90 ■ Total 1116.4 659 . 1 225.3 255.2 157.6 21.0 *22 5.0 1.6 92 2.0 85 1.4 85 *23 5.4 3.1 83 1.6 83 .7 69 *24 4.7 2.8 90 1.5 84 .4 78 Studies of Flower Seeds Conducted by the Seed Laboratory in Cooperation , with .the Department of Floriculture, Jessie L. Anderson and Professor Clark l.. inayer. It is a common practice among home flower growers to purchase their seeds from local stores of various kinds. For a second season the Department of Flor- iculture has cooperated with the Seed Laboratory in an attempt to de ermine the quality of seed sold by such dealers. The seeds which were collected on the open market by State Seed Inspectors were weighed and analyzed for pur.t> n the laboratory and tested for germination and trueness-to-type under field conditions. Seeds of 103 lots comprised of 44 differ ^^.f/^^ packeted by 14 different wholesalers were gathered and classified as follows. Lupine 1 Marigold 6 Mignonette * Morning Glories 3 Nasturtiums 6 Nicotiana ' Pansy 2 Petunia Phlox Pimpernel Poppy Salpiglossis Scabiosa Snapdragon Ageratum *■ Alyssum ^ Amaranthus Asters. Batchelor's Buttons 2 Balsam * Calendula 3 Candytuft 2 Canterbury Bells 2 Chrysanthemum 2 Cockscomb * Columbine * Cosmos •* Dimorphotheca 1 SEED INSPECTION 67 Forget-me-not 1 Stocks 1 Four O'Clocks 1 Sunflower 2 Foxglove 1 Sweet Peas 6 Gaillardia 1 Sweet William 2 Hollyhocks 2 Verbena 1 Larkspur 1 Wall Flower 1 Lobelia 1 Wonder Packet 1 Lunaria 1 Zinnia 10 Total 103 Most of the packets bore the common name of the flower, while a few seedsmen added both the scientific and common names. Some listed the color, while others gave no indication as to what color might be expected, although several were marked "mixed" as implied by the following quoted terminology printed on the packets: Mixed, Finest Mixed, All Colors, All Shades, Mixed Colors, Finest Colors, and Finest Mixed Colors. It was noted that the better wholesalers gave much of the desired information, stating the price as well as the approximate germination, the scientific and common names, and some description of the plant together with cultural directions, and the advised dates of sowing. The entire contents of each packet was weighed and analyzed for purity. The amount of seed found in any one packet or lot varied from less than one gram (.043 gr.) to 12.773 grams. Several seedsmen failed to state retail prices on packets. In most instances price per packet correlated with the amount of seed contained, taking into consideration the wholesale prices of seed, improved strains usually selling at higher prices than standard varieties and strains which have been on the market for several years. Mechanical Purity In an effort to obtain definite information as to the extent to which flower seeds, particularly those sold in sealed paper packets, carried impurities, a care- ful examination was made of each lot. Purity results will be found in the table. Of the 103 lots of flower seeds, ten or 9.70% were free of any impurities what- ever. To state it in another way, 93 lots or 90.30%, contained impurities in the form of Weed Seeds, Other Crop Seeds, seeds of plants other than the one in question, or Inert Materials consisting of fine chaff, dust, stems, floral parts, grit, or pieces of earth. The purity percentage was found to vary from 82.65 in the case of one Marigold to 100.00 in the cases of two Cosmos, one Four O'Clock, two Morning Glories, one Sunflower, and four Sweet Peas. Weed Seeds Weed seeds were found in 31 of the lots, or 30.09%. One packet of African Marigold contained .71% weed seeds, while a packet of Pimpernel contained 1.60%. These, however, are extreme cases, some packets only containing a very small percentage of weed seeds. Inert Matter Of the 103 lots, a total of 93, or 90.30%, contained Inert Matter of one kind or another. Two packets of African Marigold carried the highest percentage, 68 CONTROL SERIES No. 92 probably due to the fact that the impurities were of the same general size and weight as the seed itself. One packet carried 17.13% and the other 10%. The presence or absence of impurities may be due in some cases to the ease with which the seeds can be cleaned. Thus Marigolds might be expected to contain a high percentage of Inert, since much of the Inert Material is of the same shape and weight as the seed itself. Other Crop Seed Many of the packets contained seeds of flowers other than the kind under consideration, as well as seeds of field crops. Thirty-two, or 31.00%, contained seeds of other crop plants. Two packets of Chrysanthemum ranked high in this particular, with Other Crop Seed in one of them 2.07% and the other 1.65%. Also one packet of Nasturtium carried 2.02%. The Weed Seeds and Other Crop Seeds found in the various packets may be accounted for in several different ways. Since some of the "extra" seeds were kinds that are not generally found growing with flower seeds in the fields, it appears either that they were placed there intentionally or that they entered through the repacketing process or through careless harvesting and handling methods. This may also be true of the Inert Matter found. Germination No germination tests were made in the laboratory on any of the lots collected, since many of the packets contained too small a quantity of seed for both field and laboratory tests. Remarks on germination observed in the field test are comparative and not rated on a percentage basis. After the purity tests were completed the samples were turned over to Professor Clark L. Thayer of the Department of Floriculture, who conducted tests in the field to determine the actual quality and to check the trueness-to-type. Field Tests The occurrence of heavy rains shortly after several lots of seed were sown in the field, washed out some of the seed, thus seriously affecting records of ger- mination for these lots. Since there were not sufficient seeds for a second sowing, the tests could not be repeated. However, in the majority of samples germina- tion was satisfactory. Due to the late planting, Sweet Peas did not give good results. When the number of seeds permitted, rows thirty feet long were sown. Ger- mination was rated as "good" if the seeds germinated in approximately two thirds the row; "fair" between one-third and two-thirds; "poor" for one third or less. Performance was designated as "satisfactory" if the varieties were true to name, producing only a low percentage of plants which were not true to form or color, (one-third or less); "fair" between one-third and two-thirds not true; and "unsatisfactory," if less than one-third was true to name or did not produce satisfactory plants for providing sufficient data. As far as possible trueness-to-type was determined, but since many lots were described as mixtures or did not carry varietal names, a wide range in color and form was permissible. SEED INSPECTION 69 E-2 w 01 .SS$S ;?co OS u o H 1 Cfl o ft. CO O *[£ - C a CO 4>.a O o Q W W CO H erf < IB dEi to n>_9 KO~ ■J a; a! Q a a/ *> J- cu QO £ r-a'H O Si m o|ffi Q** w« I ft! a)^ OSc -' ft! § ft. W g.ti « £co J « 5, o w > W Q_ O u in u D oS Wc3£ to i> (_ uO : ■d ! i> • * : S • Xi ■ V . ** ■ T3 6 : 0 u • ■ c c ; o ? Q !°rt w :Q z (A ■ 6 6 H :u U Pi ' c x. < ■ to ' c o a X as On o ^* U cH v c — 3 go u Q a; Si 2 SEED INSPECTION 71 o *& . ■ CQ-oW CO *W CO«g Z = J << X3 ^ £2 ij.St S£.£ OS 5r B 35 *** z rtO a Q O O Q H W co W « o a w£: °1^ u W da! W "3 . CO §W 3= > R - Ww£ Z|u « ;U ^ fllT3 -0 E? W c.t; co etc, 35^ W CIS o E2; n • E - OJ3 we° co »U "£« co ca o WW £ (V c o o 72 CONTROL SERIES No. 92 E-S o H u w 0- z Q w w O o H£ u o u „ GE . W « 6 W ??[_) pa 5^ w5e o £< H c z S H U O & o fa o u o V. 5 *ll (l3 'J (8 > I g Q Ho << o £u •a (LI ' Cfl as7? c ill rfi3 si'5 ffi.S o O c« g <*) w H-l v C >"S'p ^J3 O Qc/J _ • W «« Q w . as cr • W o u o g W O 0) >« • w M< Q a • z£f- w£.s U2> CO O U o™ Hoi- WW ; OS-0 . a 5w uS *=w ffiH O CONTROL SERIES No. aj;-'-' o H O w Cl. Z Q W u w O Pntfi § H Q2 .cc/5 Cc3 Q p. oS ^"ncj K «J C CJ C Cu J3 C(J a! ° o E -" < <& cu at w Et3 K ° O Swl2 en £«._ 5 3 2i« ^ CO W J \~ o o Q o « £ i>C/) o r/i rt o oi "*" tfZ to SEED INSPECTION 75 <13o D = W 0> O u Q w o a O a! m U3 = 5 *£ S *£ iftj 5 5 QU-g Pc -£ E° 3-5 (U I- •a a, 0 - O 6 1 u J-l 2** Din Q CO s -I 05 3 to H «0h Ojfc . 2 << ■ 0J a a O u ■d & OJ ^^ •o a .DO w2^ 2.2> K >W rt Li] 76 CONTROL SERIES No. 92 6S E o a CO o u A "-. o» U JSt/i O S5 C H U w y. Q w w c/) ft! U O -! "a jJaes -H (N O U o y u <% w qS ■ 8 1 a o .„ u .a oeJ M ° nl O W - e Qt « Z m-1 ^ 8 >> £ [x) u u o:w o u ^ag td •'° w 8 U 5T§E n c o U •6 41 u= ■c o 01 B 0) 11 JS 6 3 o u (/J Q d U w V H • -■ 05 . •a < • a X ■ S2 ►J ai * U O u c 8 • z=u << a ax c g ?I t-. r^ — < ^r SEED INSPECTION 77 w o . £ = *-> << O u Q W w C/3T3 £j H.2g . >- ° o z "■a t: .•Ha ai o-a ffi"3rt H °> o< 2 ]W S~ o u _ "a 5 {**§ OQO ^ t> <^ 4 w a ore >. ca jj riff! fan X a) ■ax o cdfe. CONTROL SERIES No. 92 .J. c .aw O u g B gffl ■da "^3 z o M H O w 0- Z Q W W cs w o fa -S >3J 3Z oO < Q aw u Wtj< m *_: ^<£ > c . Q e • Z&u <05 . ° offl o _cv< - V v O "O QiHB w2g w£^ o o < z OS o a > I O 04 c c U D o £ X < •o 3 1 X # -J u c w a -J _) ,_ j. -.. ^ s P 2 u c X a hJ < > 2 . , 1) c 5 - O 3 8M £u J > c • ■1p »S r ca . o ££° -a Si >> a! aj =5 Si* >*» -J2 bo W3x 1/3 m£ fa « c so 3 80 SEED INSPECTION U z o — * H U W Q. z Q w w w o -J fa lit ° 2^ «T3 S£? ►4 k$?S U ■ B 5 rt D E o £ 3 i Massachusetts agricultural experiment station CONTROL SERIES BULLETIN No. 93 JUNE, 1938 Eighteenth Annual Report on Eradication of Pullorum Disease in Massachusetts By the Poultry Disease Control Laboratory The 1937-38 testing results, reported in this bulletin, reveal steady progress in pullorum disease eradication. A marked increase was observed in the number of tested birds and tests over the previous season. However, the outstanding features of the 1937-38 season are the further reduction in the average percentage of positive tests and the increase in the number of non-reacting flocks. It is encouraging to note that poultrymen realize the significance of pullorum clean flocks and are exercising the necessary precautions to maintain free flocks. MASSACHUSETTS STATE COLLEGE AMHERST, MASS. EIGHTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT ON PULLORUM DISEASE ERADICATION IN MASSACHUSETTS 1937-1938 By the Poultry Disease Control Laboratory1 INTRODUCTION The establishment and maintenance of pullorum clean flocks are recognized as essential and profitable features in poultry production by Massachusetts poultrymen. The identification of pullorum clean flocks is accomplished through the annual testing of all the birds on the premises. During the course of the eighteen-year testing period a large number of pullorum clean flocks have been established and identified. This increasing reservoir of pullorum clean stock serves to replace untested and infected flocks. The progress that has been made during this eighteen-year testing period should be credited in a large measure to the flock owners who have cooperated in employ- ing sound measures for the establishment and maintenance of pullorum clean flocks. To-day the majority of the owners of breeding flocks have no worry from losses due to pullorum disease. Furthermore, if adequate preventive measures are followed, these owners may anticipate no reactors in their flocks as they are tested annually. As this program continues through a period of time, the residual infection will become less and less so that some day the disease will no longer be an economic problem. To attain this goal will require the continued conscientious cooperation of the flock owners and all agencies which have an interest in the poultry industry. The progress of this work can be greatly expedited through a broad, far-reaching educational program. Sound advertising on the part of the seller of stock and careful investigation by the buyer will aid in greater distribution of pullorum clean stock. Summary of Service Rendered Applications received 321 Applications cancelled 7 Flocks tested 314* Number of tests 502,341** Chickens: — Routine 495,759 Experimental 2,010 Fowl other than chickens: — Routine 1,660 Experimental 2,912** Owners receiving necropsy service 28 Necropsies of reacting birds 94 *Includes 6 flocks of poultry other than chickens. ♦♦Includes 216 paratyphoid tests ■Poultry Disease Control Laboratory Staff: — H. Van Roekel. Chief of Laboratory; K. L. Bullis, Assistant Veterinary Pathologist; O. S. Flint, Assistant Research Professor: Miriam K. Clarke, Research Assistant; Felicia Jewett, Laboratory Assistant. Appreciation is extended to Dr. J. B. Lentz, Head of the Department of Veterinary Science, for the administrative assistance given to the testing work. (2) CQ 0 o U sisax * On •* ■* too VO-H co© ^ rt iO© rj>l^) © r^ lo On CN Tf *9 ■* CN ^H O co © ja^saDJO^w »" -* CO ■* 00 O Ol^ OO o© -H CN t- On t^ »0 Cxi nO On CN© qjnouiAu SO CN NO ■* On_ lO r> fO •*-* >IRIJ°N VO -H on ts el NO oc rt© CN vo" PO CN ,H — 00 On CO© IO© On© •^.^ On ©CO 1*5 CO O ■* On a •* ro xasajppij^ O CN *** Cxi ■* ■* W CN • no" o" >* © >o *" t^» r-~ \© ON (N ■*o On© rno cn^O ^ 00o r^ NO O o .-CO «o OO c*5© ^H CO 00 uapduiBjj O ~H ON CO >T) CN c o nOno -HO O CN -H© ■*© CN ■*nO 00 -H f -< •n* >o NO"1 UIJ31UBJJ ^ °i PS "1 CN o lO CN ©" © CO -t CN 00 t- O o>© OO rr>© -H CN 00 © co iO no o ON © w> —i© xassg n0_ cn «- ON 00 NO NO_ CO © — — LO O -* -«00 Ox o \r> t^ oo — [cqsug 00 CO (S r^ CN CO o •* co On" © •o to lO 00 -vt"* •*© —•00 00© rN Oco a a ro 00 ■" > «_> *"" -t **> ■*■" > E o ra . — d.t; 2-- S.ti "ra." "cS.t; o o o § o o o o o o p 0 3 h Hft (-ft (-ft (-ft HOh ^Cm cu M •a Cu J2 o 0 a; o o Pi J3 O E pel ■e c cd 3 o E c 0 a c CU ft J* be E CU c V, H ft ►J cd ca CU QJ ■a cu w ^3 ^> T3 cu 0 pq > 1c cu % a o H o ft (3) Distribution of Tests and Reactors Table 1 gives the number of tests and reactors for each breed and each county Eleven counties received testing service during the season. A total of 497,769 samples was tested, which is the largest number during any one season of the 1%yheearatveer5 Pontage of positive tests for the State was 0,7, which is a new low record. In Barnstable County no reactors were found among the flocks tested. All counties but one had less than one-half of 1% positive tests among the samples tested. Norfolk, Worcester, and Plymouth Counties led in the number of tested samples. One breed, White Plymouth Rocks, revealed no re- actors Of the total number of samples tested, 454,476 were from females and 43,293 from males. Of these 0.18 and 0.09% respectively, were positive. Annual Testing Essential in the Establishment and Maintenance of Pullorum Clean Flocks Annual testing of all birds on the premises is recognized as essential in the esttbZment and maintenance of pullorum clean flocks. The true pulorum disease status of a flock cannot be determined unless all birds on he premises a e t ted. Annual testing is recognized as a means to identify pullorum clean flocks and also to determine whether or not pullorum infection has been intro- duced into previouslv clean flocks. During the last ten years Massachusetts Pouhrvmen have experienced the importance of annual testing in order to expedite the eradication of the disease from their flocks. In Table 2 are given comparative results on flocks tested for the first time flocks tested intermittently, flocks tested for two consecutive years, and flocks tested for three or more consecutive years. 2Q77=;tPsts The number of flocks tested for the first time was 55, representing 39,775 tests of which 1.14% were positive. This group revealed 45 non-reacting flocks, of which 29 were 100% tested. number of There were 27 flocks in the intermittent tested group. The total number ot tests for this group was 27,135, of which 0.07% were positive. Only one positive flock was detected in this group. presented The flocks tested for two consecutive years numbered 48^ and ^epre^enUd 52,582 tests, of which 0.24% were positive. In this group, 45 flocks (39 uere 100% tested) were non-reacting. Table 2. Annual Testing Versus Single and Intermittent Testing Classification Tested for the first time. . Intermittent testing Two consecutive years Three or more consecutive years Totals 55 27 48 178 30,585 26,518 50,935 363,189 308 480,227 Positive Tests Negative Flock 39.775 27,135 52,582 378.277 497,769 452 18 127 254 851 1 14 0 07 0 24 0.07 Positive Flocks 0.17 241 29 20 39 153 (4) In the group tested for three or more consecutive years, 178 flocks were tested, representing 378,277 tests of which 0.07% were positive. The number of non- reacting flocks was 170, of which 153 were 100% tested. From the above data it may be concluded that greatest progress in pullorum disease eradication has been made in flocks tested for three or more consecutive years. Of the total birds (480,227) tested, 75.6% were in the group tested for three or more consecutive years. Of the total negative flocks (286) detected, 170 or 59 .4% were in the group tested for three or more consecutive years. The number of flocks and birds in this group is steadily increasing from year to year and the percentage of infection is gradually becoming smaller. Likewise, a gradual increase is observed among the non-reacting flocks in this group. Among the 308 flock owners who received testing service, 256, or 83.1% had all the birds on their premises tested. Of the total birds tested (480,227), 95.2% are in flocks which passed a negative test. Twenty-two flocks were classified as positive, representing 22,761 birds. The number of flocks and birds for this group is less than the previous year. The group of flocks tested for the first time leads in the number of positive tests. A comparison of the different groups shows that in the first-year group the range of infection for the flocks falls in higher levels than is the case for the other groups. Table 3 shows the range of infection. Table 3. Range of Infection in the Positive Flocks Range of Infection Percent 0- 1 1- 2 2- 3 3- 4 4- 5 5-10 10-20 20 or more Flocks Tested for First Time Flocks Tested Intermittently Flocks Tested for Two Consec- utive Years 1 1 1 FIocks Tested for Three or More Consecutive Years 4 2 Totals Percentage of Total Flocks Tested in Each Group 18.18 3.70 6.25 Fifty-two flocks, or 16.8% of the total flocks tested, were partially tested. As has been stated earlier, the true status of a flock cannot be determined unless all the birds on the premises are tested. Furthermore, partially tested flocks cannot qualify for the official pullorum tested grades that are recognized by the Massachusetts Department of Agriculture. It is hoped that all flock owners will see the wisdom of testing all birds on the premises so that they may operate their plants with greater security against infection. (5) Appearance of Infection in Flocks Previously Negative During the past year infection was detected in six flocks which were negative the previous season. While the number of "breaks" may seem small in com- parison with the total number of flocks tested, the significance of this re-infection should not be minimized. These cases point out the necessity of annual testing. The data in Table 4 show that in all but one flock the percentage of reactors was less than one. In this one flock the infection was attributed to the practice of custom hatching for miscellaneous flocks and to the purchase of questionable stock. Flock 6 derived its infection from a contest bird. In this case the owner fortunately maintained the contest birds in isolation and quarantine until their status was determined. The origin of infection in Flock 3 was not definitely determined, in view of the fact that complete information concerning management practices was not received. The source of infection in Flocks 1, 2 and 4 is classified as unknown, since the owners could not recall any possible mismanagement that might permit infection to enter. The fact that in five cases the amount of infection was very small suggests that the disease was introduced onto the premises after the chicks were removed from the incubator. It further points out that little or no dissemination of the disease occurred after its introduction into the flock. Table 4. Appearance of Infection in Flocks Previously Negative 1937-38 Season Number ;k of Years Flock Number Positive Negative Total Tested Tests Percent Explanation for Infection 2 721 720 0.56 Unknown 720 *98 0.00 7 2,804 2,703 0.07 Unknown 2,561 *2,560 0.00 1 1,024 1,024 0.10 Undetermined 1,253 *1,253 0.80 1,131 *1,130 0.71 1,022 *1,021 0.00 989 *989 0.00 6 993 993 0.10 Unknown 879 *878 0.57 1 820 820 8.90 Combination of Sources 704 *703 1.85 1 3.709 3,708 0 05 Contest bird 3,706 *15 0.00 ♦Represents retests. These findings should impress strongly upon the minds of poultry breeders that one cannot be too careful in observing the following control, eradication, and prevention measures. 1. All birds on the premises should be tested annually. 2. If infection is present, the entire flock should be retested within four to six weeks until a negative report is obtained, provided the value of the birds justifies the expenditure for testing. 3. Every reactor, regardless of its value, should be removed from the premises and sold for slaughter immediately upon receipt of the report. (6) 4. The poultry houses, runs, and equipment should be thoroughly cleaned and disinfected immediately after removal of reactors. An empty pen in each house may facilitate cleaning and disinfection during winter months. Disin- fectants approved by the United States Department of Agriculture should be used. 5. Offal from all birds dressed for market or home consumption as well as dead birds that are not fit for consumption should be burned. 6. Birds removed from the premises to egg-laying contests, exhibitions, etc., should be held in quarantine and determined free from disease before they are re-admitted into the flock. 7. Purchase of stock in the form of adults, chicks, and eggs should be from officially recognized pullorum disease-free flocks. 8. Eggs should not be saved for hatching until after a flock has been tested and all the infected birds removed. Early pullet testing will permit early hatching. 9. Fresh and infertile eggs from unknown or infected sources should not be fed to chickens or exposed to other animals that may carry or spread the in- fection. 10. Poultrymen should not custom-hatch for untested or infected flocks. 11. Owners of pullorum disease-free flocks should not have hatching done where infected eggs or stock may be found. 12. Poultrymen should not buy feed in bags that have been used or exposed to infection. (Such bags if properly disinfected will be safe for further use.) 13. Poultrymen should not use equipment that has been exposed to or con- taminated with infective material unless it is properly cleaned and sterilized or disinfected. Non-Reacting and Positive Flocks Classified by Counties Table 5 gives the number of non-reacting and positive flocks classified by counties. A total of 241 flocks (100% tested), representing 432,919 birds, was identified in 11 counties. The bird population in these flocks is equal to approx- imately 17% of the total poultry population (birds three months or older) for Massachusetts. At the present time the Massachusetts poultry industry is in a position to replace its total poultry population from 100% tested, non-reacting flocks. Since there is an adequate supply of non-reacting stock to draw from for replacements, it is recommended that purchases be directed toward such sources of pullorum clean stock in order to expedite further elimination of the disease within the State. Within recent years it has been observed that it is less difficult and less expensive to establish a pullorum clean flock through the purchase of stock from officially recognized clean sources than by means of intensive testing (testing at four-week intervals until no more reactors are detected). Of course, in establishing a pullorum free flock through replacements with clean stock, one must recognize the importance of preventing the new stock from being exposed to infection. Success cannot be anticipated if proper control, eradication, and prevention measures are not observed. Infected flocks were detected in all but one county (Barnstable). While the number of positive flocks (22) and number of birds in these flocks (22,761) may be small, they represent an integral part of the breeding stock in the State which is disseminating pullorum infection. The owners of these flocks should make a conscientious effort to eliminate the infection from their premises. Owners of the infected flocks are encouraged to discuss their pullorum disease problems with the testing agency so that plans for possible eradication of the disease may be adopted. A definite program should be formulated and carried out at such a time so that (7) it will be most effective and least expensive. It is inexcusable for a poultry breeder to-day to sell pullorum disease stock year in and year out. The main burden in the establishment and maintenance of pullorum clean flocks rests with the poultry breeder. The testing agency can identify pullorum infected stock, but it is the flock owner's responsibility to avoid direct or indirect contact between infected and clean flocks. The flock owner who exercises sound prevention measures will be successful in maintaining a pullorum clean flock. Table 5. Non- Reacting and Positive Flocks Classified by Counties County 100% Tested Flocks Partially Tested Flocks Birds Total Flocks Non-Reacting Flocks Barnstable Berkshire Bristol Essex Franklin Hampden Hampshire Middlesex Norfolk Plymouth Worcester Totals Berkshire Bristol Franklin Hampden Middlesex Norfolk Plymouth Worcester Totals 4 3,685 — — 4 3,685 4 7,012 2 847 6 7,859 26 46,883 5 4,264 31 51,147 24 27,027 6 4,217 30 31,244 26 36,855 — — 26 36,855 18 15.475 1 540 19 16,015 17 18,632 4 1,715 21 20,347 40 64,541 10 5,583 50 70,124 20 109,169 7 2,102 27 111,271 22 37,790 6 3,877 28 41,667 40 65,850 4 1,402 44 67,252 241 432,919 Positive Flocks 45 24,547 286 457,466 5 4,160 — — 5 4,160 1 2,672 1 539 2 3,211 2 1,659 — — 2 1,659 1 62 — — 1 62 1 49 2 1,722 3 1,771 1 315 3 7,854 4 8,169 — — 1 315 1 315 4 3,414 — — 4 3,414 12,331 10.430 22,761 Comparison of 1936-37 and 1937-38 Testing Table 6 gives a comparison of the 1936-37 and 1937-38 testing results. The numbers of flocks tested in the various counties during the two seasons do not differ greatly, except in Hampden County, which had eleven less than the previous year. However, increases in the number of birds and tests were observed in eight counties. In the majority of counties the average percentage of positive tests was lower than the previous season and in five counties an increase in non-reacting flocks was observed. For the State as a whole increases were observed in tested flocks (1), tested birds (31,708), tests (36,007), and non-reacting flocks (5). The average percentage of infection was further reduced from 0.37 to 0.17. (8) Table 6. Comparison of 1936-37 and 1937-38 Testing County Barnstable Berkshire Bristol Dukes Essex Franklin Hampden Hampshire Middlesex Norfolk Plymouth Worcester Totals 307 448,519 1937-1938 Season Barnstable 4 3,685 Berkshire 11 12,019 Bristol 33 54,358 Essex 30 31,244 Franklin 28 38,514 Hampden 20 16,077 Hampshire 21 20,347 Middlesex 53 71,895 Norfolk 31 119,440 Plymouth 29 41,982 Worcester 48 70,666 Totals 308 480,227 Positive Non- Flocks Birds Tests Tests Percent Reacting Flocks 1936-37 Season 4 11,714 11,714 0.00 4 13 1 1 ,483 11,483 2.22 9 34 46,494 46,968 0.27 28 1 79 79 0 00 1 22 22,549 22,549 0.16 21 28 40,304 42,731 0.08 27 31 19,605 20,430 0.50 29 22 18,647 19,520 0.04 21 47 66,565 66,669 0 01 46 26 105,376 112,157 0.79 22 27 36.643 36,643 0.30 25 52 69,060 70,819 0.23 48 461,762 0.37 3,685 0.00 4 12,722 1.73 6 59,377 0.14 31 31,658 0.03 30 40,052 0.16 26 16,111 0.08 19 20,635 0.04 21 71,899 0.33 50 23,833 0.12 27 41,997 0.07 28 75,800 0.05 44 497,769 0.17 Testing of Fowl Other Than Chickens It is recognized that the domestic chicken is not the only host of pullorum disease. Several species of fowl other than the chicken have been observed to contract pullorum disease. Natural outbreaks of pullorum disease have been reported more frequently among turkeys than among any other species of fowl except chickens. Field investigations have revealed that in most cases the in- fection was directly or indirectly traceable to infected chicken flocks by way of the incubator or brooder house. In Massachusetts no definite pullorum infection has been encountered in the testing service in birds other than the chicken and the turkey. However, in order to lessen the risk of introducing pullorum infection into a flock it would seem expedient to test all fowl on the premises. Owners of "pullorum passed" and "pullorum clean" flocks should by all means avoid the practice of hatching eggs from birds whose pullorum disease status is not known. This precaution also applies to other diseases such as fowl typhoid and paratyphoid infections, which may be transmitted through the egg. Table 7 gives the testing results of fowl other than chickens. Pullorum disease reacting birds were detected in two turkey flocks. Reacting adult turkeys were subjected to necropsy and 5. pullorum was isolated. Investigations are being continued in the two turkey flocks and the results will be published at a later date. (9) Table 7. Testing Results of Fowl Other Than Chickens Number Tested Percent Rea tors Ducks 10 0.00 Geese 1 0.00 Guinea Fowl 7 0 . 00 Pheasants 61 0.00 Turkeys 4,277 2.29 Comments and Suggestions A recapitulation of the testing results suggests that the following important eradication and prevention measures should be emphasized to flock owners at this time. (1) In order to determine the true status of breeding flocks all birds on the premises should be tested annually. Intermittent and partial flock testing may appear to be successful in some flocks, but from the standpoint of establishing and identifying pullorum clean flocks the chances of failure are far greater than through the practice of annual testing of all birds on the premises. Under practical commercial plant conditions birds are shifted on the plant from time to time. Untested birds are apt to have direct or indirect contact with tested birds. In order to determine the true status of the flock every bird on the premises should be tested. (2) The problem of infection appearing in flocks previously negative is an important one. When a "break" occurs in a breeding flock it is exceedingly dis- couraging and also very expensive to the owner. The flock owner who con- scientiously observes the prevention measures listed in this bulletin should feel reasonably certain that his flock is free from the disease. A poultryman should be constantly alert in preventing the introduction of infection since there are several avenues through which the disease organism may enter. (3) In view of the fact that our knowledge concerning the relationship of fowl other than chickens to the pullorum disease eradication problem is still somewhat meager, it appears advisable to suggest to owners of breeding flocks to test all birds on the premises, including fowl other than chickens. Since birds such as turkeys, pheasants, quail, and grouse are now being hatched in artificial incubators on premises where pullorum infection may exist, it seems quite possible that such birds will contract the disease. Such infected birds may later introduce the disease onto pullorum clean premises by means of custom hatching. This is especially possible with turkeys, since adult infected turkeys have been found to eliminate the organism by way of the egg. (4) In identifying pullorum clean flocks, the problem of the doubtful reactor is a significant one. It has been observed that birds' sera may give weak or non- specific reactions which do not always indicate that such birds are necessarily infected with pullorum disease. For the last ten years, when previously non- reacting flocks reveal only doubtful reacting birds, it has been the practice that they be submitted to the laboratory for necropsy and bacteriological examination. When no evidence of pullorum infection is detected on such examinations the flock is regarded as negative. The results over a period of ten years show that this supplementary examination is very helpful and reliable in establishing an accurate flock diagnosis. Flock owners are expected to submit doubtful reacting birds for examination when requested by the testing laboratory. Failure to comply with such request places the tested flock on record as posit ive. ( 10) (5) Success in pulloruni disease eradication is dependent upon its effectiveness in establishing and maintaining pulloruni clean flocks. Definite measures to attain this goal have been set forth in this bulletin. Progress in eradication may be expedited through more effective education concerning the establishment and maintenance of pulloruni clean flocks. Owners of pulloruni clean breeding flocks can accomplish much by emphasizing the benefits and value derived from a free flock. Various agencies (including the flock owners, county poultry asso- ciations, county extension service, etc.) might consider educating their local poultry raising public and making available official lists of pullorum free flocks where stock can be conveniently obtained. It must be remembered that the testing of poultry for pulloruni disease or the identification of pullorum free flocks is one of several phases of a complete eradication program. The pullorum free flocks that have been identified should be utilized to the fullest extent to bring about progress in eradication and to serve the poultry industry in the maximum capacity. (6) Official recognition given to tested flocks serves both the purchaser and seller of pullorum free stock. The Massachusetts Department of Agriculture recognizes two official grades for pullorum disease tested flocks, namely, "pul- lorum passed" and "pullorum clean." Owners of flocks which are able to qualify for either of these grades are encouraged to apply to the Massachusetts Depart- ment of Agriculture, State House, Boston, for recognition. Lists of these flocks are published from time to time and serve as a valuable guide to the purchaser interested in stock free from pullorum disease. Publication of this Document Approved by Commission on Administration and Finance 2500-7-'38. No. 4380. (11) Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station Control Series Bulletin No. 94 October, 19.58 Inspection of Commercial Feedstuffs By Philip H. Smith This is the forty-fourth report of feeding stuffs inspection and presents the results of analysis of 1,721 samples of feeding stuffs intended for livestock and poultry consumption, collected during the year ending September 1, 1938. In addition are included information and analyses relative to the vitamin A content of alfalfa products and the manganese content of commercial poultry rations. MASSACHUSETTS STATE COLLEGE AMHi..^T, MASS. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS By Philip H. Smith > This Feed Control Bulletin, the forty-fourth published, summarizes the work of feed control service for the year beginning September 1, 1937. The results of the inspection indicate an average high quality for the goods offered. The fact should be borne in mind, however, that inferior feeds may be sold which con- form to every requirement of the feeding stuffs act, and that about all the act can expect to accomplish is, through correct labeling, to furnish the purchaser with information which will enable him to purchase wisely for his needs. During the past season, acting in cooperation with the Federal Food and Drugs Administration, eight cars of feed consisting for the most part of ground oats and oat products were seized and withdrawn from the market on account of suspected adulteration. The case against the shipper is still pending. In order to determine the Vitamin A potency of alfalfa and alfalfa leaf meal found in dealers' stocks, some thirty samples were drawn by our inspector and subjected to tests by the nutrition laboratory. The results are published in this bulletin. Wide variations were found. Due to the fact that these products may be entirely satisfactory when originally shipped and then through age and improper storage lose much of their vitamin value, the names of the shippers are not given. Recent research has indicated that a deficiency of manganese in chick rations may give rise to slipped tendons and other poultry disorders. For this reason many manufacturers are now adding small amounts of manganese sulphate to their feeds. We have made an attempt to discover the normal manganese con- tent of commercial poultry rations and have also determined the manganese content of the ingredients ordinarily used in making such rations. Our results are found elsewhere in this bulletin. As so much depends upon individual con- ditions under which chicks are raised, it is not believed to be possible to state with any degree of accuracy the minimum manganese content necessary in a ration. A considerable proportion of the cottonseed meal found was off in color and did not therefore conform to the grade of the National Cottonseed Products Association under which it was sold. While dark color in cottonseed meal may not indicate an injurious product if the color is due to causes other than rotting and fermentation, the fact remains that a National Association has established recognized grades in which color is one of the factors which should be recognized, not only in dealings between individual members of the Association, but by other jobbers and dealers to whom they sell. "Off color" meal is or should be sold at a discount. Much feed is sold in Massachusetts mixed to formula furnished by the buyer. Competition is keen and occasionally such mixtures are sold at a price which allows nothing for profit or overhead if the ration is prepared as ordered. Buyers should beware of such prices. The Massachusetts Feeding Stuffs Act affords no protection to the purchaser of mixed-to-order formulas except as to basic 1 The following staff members assisted in the in:-pection: Albert F. Spelman, John W. Kuzmeski and Leo V. Crowley, chemists; Frederick A. McLaughlin, micoscopist ; James T. Howard, in- spector; Cora B. Grover, clerk. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 3 ingredients used. This is a transaction in which the individual buyer should protect himself. Dog foods and feeds for fur-bearing animals raised in captivity are not in- cluded among the products over which the Feeding Stuffs Act exercises control. The law states specifically feeds intended for "live stock and poultry." It is not believed that the term "live stock" applies to either dogs or fur-bearing animals. Control Service is often asked to extend its activities to include such products. While occasional analyses are made, it is believed that guarantee requirements could not be enforced without an amendment to the act. Analyses made at the Control Service laboratories during the year follow. These are arranged this year for the first time under the name of the manu- facturer rather than by type of feed. While every attempt is made to secure as wide a representation as possible of feeds offered, it is not possible to sample and analyze every feed registered for sale in the State. CONTROL BULLETIN No. 94 Summary of Analyses Season of 1937-1938 Samples Brands Manu- facturers Alfalfa Products Alfalfa Meal ..•■•■ Alfalfa Leaf Meal Alfalfa Stem Meal . Animal and Fish Products Bone Meal . Fish Meal .-•••• Meat Scrap . • • Milk Powder Brewers and Distillers By-Products Brewers Grains . Distillers Grains . . • ■ • Cereal Meals Barley Meal Corn Meal . Ground Oats Feeding Oatmeal Provender (Corn and Oats) Corn Products Gluten Meal . • > • Gluten Feed . Hominy Feed . Miscellaneous Mill Residues Beet Pulp Oat Feed Rye Feed Unclassified .... Oil Cake Meals Soy Bean Meal . Cottonseed Meal Linseed Meal Wheat Products Red Dog Flour . Flour Middlings . Standard Middlings Wheat Mixed Feed Wheat Bran Mixtures for Animals Calf Meals Dairy Feeds Fitting Rations . Hog Feeds . . . Molasses and Horse Feeds Rabbit Feeds Stock Feeds Mixtures for Poultry Chick Growing and Starting Feeds Chick Scratch Feeds . Duck Feeds Broiler and Fattening Feeds Laying Mashes . Turkey Feeds Unclassified Totals 5 12 19 12 M 1 25 40 3 17 11 17 15 32 15 6 10 12 36 45 31 409 37 16 99 14 34 207 19 48 346 44 13 22 13 190 19 10 45 9 20 96 14 6 27 154 27 6 13 22 12 56 16 9 31 7 19 49 14 3 21 74 14 6 1,721 798 INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS O OOO OOOOiOOOOOOOOOOOOC o a V , *= M!0OOiCOh051sNt)^'d *f *t t '-■: i-* -t ^ m -t -t (.^ i.-: ^ »o ^ io 'O Tp >o in u CS e < •9b « > < s o u 3-2 OS §2 OS ^S8 O '-" Ifl l- o O O "5 O O "3 13 o m O O O >C O '3 >- -r x w -r o >-- ■ -ji io Tf n ■* >o so ni co m 13 io io OO'-^'^OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO ) o «b to c i O ' ONNNNOaiWeq^SMMiOSinNOONO n'X»00Ni'OffiCNOO105«i"tNMNN CO-«'H5-000?5N6o«ffi1'HrtH o _ 4* a a 0 _ On r. ■ --So3 ■ 5 c "--P A .2 ^K ? a a a o" ei a arc; £ >>>>>>a~ '3 jg£fl CO i> '-a-S 03 «- i r| J8 '■? ° — ■• 41 2s- .OO l C 41 _ M 3 ««. .-C bfi fc« 3 3-3 s i>«f ; S S S S £; -3c3 a 3 3 3 3 OV^^^^'S^ -H NN-fM-IHrHNNeNMrtlMnHrHTl'rerH CONTROL BULLETIN No. 94 ^ 5 -c -c -c ~ "2 1^ (jt: t. t. t. >- i- >- «" s<< ««« 3 rt ^ INHNN INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS ow:rti"OHi(;N-t OiCOlO X CO »0 co o to •* CN OS in o CM CO CO co co •-< to to to co t~ o t- co NCOM'CClKOOOtlOl OOOOOOOOOO oo 1 ■ ■ a. t>. c o 1 1 COO oooo ic r-io oca oot~t-~t- CMCMTrCOO'OCDOt^Ol cceccc-fx^-ixot^x OtO-*Cl--*rtO oosaooocc tOOfHCOON-ftCO cNr^*t-icx— 0 ©OOOO'COOOO lOiOiO t(liC* -*TfTfcocOTf*co-r-* j^tcco Ol- "? ©n com to to oo t>. i-i m co ^ Tf* ■* ^f ^f "C* ^t* OOCiOOOOOOO t^ddxd cm odoco n CM CO n CM CM CM CM -« ooo Ol CM 1 OCM oo ooooooo O CO — NOOC.O-H-OlOCO n CM CO " CM CM n CN rt toe-) ex CM CO TT LOCO oxoxt^oo cm -i -h -r< n o l~ CC -r rtrt CM CM CM Ol — "^ *iCHOON"t"f00H CNCMCOCDi1-«OCOOO NOO rr coo OOXOSNCJO CM CM ~- i 2 «- ( o o o o >> c» Svrt cG C3 c6 -* - O O CJ.2 t- ^ u -M ^» ^ - ^tfgs 9£oS WO © w o c r - C3 >- J- JfiOO ■35 o s a00"** ^13 O O i 4j u (h 4)Q ^ «_, 'e_ c c jjts a) a> Q§00 |L >> >— : <- C3 3 •SOWPh C C 3 C C o o o o o o o o o o C3 C3 cj cj cc c c c C. 1 «pq««fq »- ■OB 03 U< > < CD US *-> ? ^ ^ Si 03 0» x^ddx'reaJdi^ccd^dixit^odddaioJdob nooiO tooooooooooootoooioootoioio©© © © o o t-30i'V-oiNiotaVc>a«*aNOOi»ONNOicn *°*2 co d od co t>i t- d co d =o t- "t ' •* d ■* ® d cd co co co b- oj b- oo to t- ^X ° dp. 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" — •£|* O OS* i5h m cn i-i i-i «&& ,5 "3 "3 uQ0Q -CN^O aT^CNCN p p 3 OS as j-^CLiC-, p INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 33 oo -Hoooootococoeoob-*© 0100 00 00 t- 00 cooooo^cooniOHio to t~xw.ooocoe»>oododc<3 OOOiCCOOOOOOO (CjPJlOiOOONNaNNN 00 wo :-: O10C iOOUOOOOOOOO lOt-i^OSt^OIOOOtCOOO OSESHIOOCOXOO'X ooCHHNooKionoiO tddcdoNf NSiDtC 00 tcnnicftf no 11 1-1 00 C3 to CO ■* r~ t» t- >-< CN — I 50 00 -f HridNMNiOtJiinO O'OBMOOOiOOOOOO roCMMrO'»<'Tf 00 00 IC >-o >o O IC IC O O O O 'O ooooooooo&o© MONN-'OMfOOCOOM 00 ss«d 00 on ooooo^oooooo OHHondco-fO^oon Oi© 1"tN 01 010101 r~ 00 — OMOOMOClOOf M-H" ONNOid'COeoicoH ^«^„C.|rt — rt — CI — ' t^.^fOOt^fOJ'OfO'-iOCOCTi OCO^CMC-J.CNrOCN'f — C". © > >> Py >.>,>.>>>>>> >>>. §J"a"3'a"e"B"S"3'3"3"3'2 Hr.Hw^lMHrt01NNi-H .- tK X 3^ 3; 3 0 B O d 0«=i b.5 •OS c 03 £2 s, Inc. rn Feed M 7C Dairy R mestead F. e^3 c P. 6^£ . 05 5o?5 O v 0 ~ oi cj UCQU C- - 3 J3.B a.t: |1 fee c » * 1- = = 3 C C X. i> 0 ->> < Vitality Mill Vitality Co Vitality 20' Vitality Ho "3 « st 5 ££ S^3 *** U r. r. - ■- £ US; ■Six 3 >-CT3 >* c3 03 O 91 91 •■o >.,« t- 03 fe .. pq i_j . -s t3 "O ^ c? 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CJ » CJ i CJ CJ o o M 03 Ph £ £ £ £ ES ^ c c . . 6-1 -I U c3 cs.c _£rfp4 5 .a o frfrSiJ «aao.2 m ucmcmOi— jc; jr3_C-C S.M.Sf.M.M u a a 3 S O 1-9 i-s "» >-s CM .-I CM CM CM CMCM-h^i-hcmi-Ii-i hhht 36 CONTROL BULLETIN No. 94 Feeds Not Conforming to Guarantees (Shortages of less than one per cent in P">tem or fat or an excess of less than one per cent in fiber v.- c "S tc B.S Manufacturer and Brand Allied Mills, Inc. Wayne Hog Supplement . American Distilling Co. . ("Pekinil" Brand Corn Distillers Dried Grains J "Pekinil" Brand Corn Distillers Dried Grains . I "Pekinil" Brand Corn Distillers Dried Grains . Arcady Farms Milling Co. Arcady 24% Onen Formula Production Ration Peerless Milk Ration . Ashcraft-Wllkinson Co. _ Cow-Eta Brand 41% Protein Prime Quality Cottonseed Meal . Atlantic Coast Fish By-Products Co. Phoenix Fish Meal Beacon Milling Co., Inc. Beacon Calf Grain Ration . ■ • • Borden Grain Co. Borden's Laying Mash Consolidated Rendering Co. Corenco 50% Meat and Bone Scrap /Corenco 45% Meat and Bone Scrap \Corenco 45% Meat and Bone Scrap Corn Products Refining Co. Buffalo Corn Gluten Feed (Sweetened) . Nicolas Courcy /Couicy Dairy Feed . \Courcy Dairy Feed Curley Bros. Premier Stock Feed .••••• Delaware Mills, Inc. Delaware Laying Masli . Indian Sweet 20% Dairy Feed Indian Laying Mash . ■ • ■ ■ Denver Alfalfa Milling & Products Co. Alfalfa Meal .••■•' Frank Diauto fDiauto's Special F.gg Mush . IDiauto's Special Egg Mash Dietrich & Gambrlll, Inc. Gamhrills Chick Starter Dreyer Commission Co. Dryco Wheat Bran . East Bridgewater Farmers' Exchange, Inc. Exchange Dairy Feed . Eastern Grain Co. E. G. Co. Stock Feed . Eastern States Farmers' Exchange Eastern States 32% Supplement Feed . Elmore Milling Co., Inc. Elmore 32% Supplemental Dairy Ration Elmore's Sweet Dige.=to Dairy reed Elmore Turkey Growing Mash John W. Eshelman & Sons Eshelman Red Rose 24 Dairy Feed Eshelman Rsd Rose 32 Mixing Ration . Eshelman S-O-S . O C 2** 1 o 1.0 1.7 1.3 1.3 1.9 2.3 1.5 1 4 2.4 2 4 3.1 1.0 12 2.2 1.9 1 1 1.8 2 0 3.2 1 0 2.9 2 . 3 INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS Feeds Not Conforming to Guarantees — Continued 37 (Shortages of less than one per cent in protein or fat or an excess of less than one per cent in fiber are not listed) ■o S o » . 9 c "e c o £3 -^ o* E a.s 20"1 «A x>P* 03 Vj £ fe £ Excelsior Milling Co. 2 1 Camel Fancy Wheat Feed .... Farm Service Co. 1.8 3 1 C Growing Mash 1.9 - - 2 1 Diamond A Dairy Ration .... - - 1.3 4 9 (N.E.C. Laying Mash 1.0 - — \N.E.C. Laying Mash ..... 2.1 - - Farmers Service Bureau 1 1 Farmso Red Dog ...... Flory Milling Co., Inc. . 2 9 4 2 /Record Dairy Feed ..... - 1.4 - \Record Dairy Feed ..... - 1.4 - Goode Grain Co. 1 1 Goode Laying Mash ..... - - 3 4 1 1 Goode Starting & Growing Mash . - - 2.7 D. H. Grandin Milling Co. 1 1 Grandin's 24% Dairy Feed .... 1.0 - — [Grandin's Laying Mash .... 1 .4 - - 5 3 \ Grandin's Laying Mash .... 1.0 - — 1 Grandin's Laying Mash . . ■ ■ 2.0 - - 1 1 M-S (Money Saver) Laying Mash . Hales & Hunter Co. 1.7 2 1 Red Comb Crate Fattener .... Humphreys-Godwin Co. 1 2 9 2 /Dixie Brand Prime 41% Protein Cottonseed Meal 1.1 - - \ Dixie Brand Prime 4 1 % Protein Cottonseed Meal 2 1 - - Independent Tallow Co., Inc. | Eggaday Brand Poultry Feed (Meat & Bone Scrap) 1. 1 - - 3 3 \ Eggaday Brand Poultry Feed (Meat & Bone Scrap) 4.3 - - [Eggaday Brand Poultry Feed (Meat&Bone Scrap) 2 5 - - Jaquith & Co. 2 1 Dairy Ration ...... 1.6 — — 1 1 Starting Feed ...... Lincoln Farm Products Corp. 2. 1 1 1 Farm Brand Meat and Bone Scrap Maine Fish Meal Co. 2.0 (Maine Vitamin D Fish Meal .... 1.3 3.6 - 3 3 | Maine Vitamin D Fish Meal .... - 1.4 - (Maine Vitamin D Fish Meal .... - 2 4 - Maritime Milling Co., Inc. 3 2 (B-B Sweetened Bull Prand "20" Dairy Ration . \B-B Sweetened Bull Brand "20" Dairy Ration - 1.0 - - 1.2 - 1 1 B-B Bull Brand Dry and Fresh Cow Fitting Ra- tion ....... 1.7 - - 1 1 B-B Growing Mash ..... - - 1 .2 4 1 B-B Daisy V.ge. Mash ..... 1.2 - - 3 1 Hi-Test Dairy Feed 20% Pro. Sweetened Middlesex County Farm Bureau Association 10 3 1 Farm Bureau Starter & Broiler Geo. Q. Moon & Co., Inc. 1.1 3 1 Moon's 90 Molasses Horse Feed - 1.0 - 5 2 (Moon's Wheat Bran ..... 2.1 - - \ Moon's Wheat Bran ..... 2.0 - - 6 1 Moon's Fresh' Ground Wheat Middlings . 3.2 10 - 4 2 (Moon's Fresh Ground Mixed Feed . - 1.0 — \Moon's Fresh Ground Mixed Feed . 1.7 - - 6 2 (U. S. 20% Dairy Ration .... 1.1 - - \U. S. 20% Dairy Ration .... 1 7 " ~ 38 CONTROL BULLETIN No. 94 Feeds Not Conforming to Guarantees— Concluded (Shortages of less than one per cent in proteinor fat or wi excess of less than one per cent in fiber 6 o 2 o °,2 a O Manufacturer and Brand 0} C -H o. a to s a.s oj a cc CO Jas. F. Morse & Co. Morse's 45% Meat Scraps for Poultry . New England Retail Grain Dealers Co-operative Association, Inc. New F.ngland Yankee 20% Dairy Ration [Stock Feed ■ ■ | Stock Feed . . ■ • [Stock Feed . ... Ogden Grain Co. Cloverbloom 24% Dairy Feed /Pilgrim "Cackle" 20% Layer-Breeder I Pilgrim "Cackle" 20% Layer-Breeder Thrift 20% Dairy Feed Thrift 20% Dairy Feed 1 Thrift 20% Dairy Feed [Thrift 20% Dairy Feed H. C. Puffer Co. Sweetened Producer Dairy Feed Quaker Oats Co. Peterboro Oat Feed Ralston Purina Co. 41% Protein Cottonseed Meal John Reardon & Sons Co. 55% Register Brand Meat Scraps . St. Alhans Grain Co. Corn Distillers' Dried Grains Schenley Products Co., Inc. (Schenley Mark of Merit Corn Distillers Grains • _ • _. ;.„ 1 Schenley Mark of Merit Corn Distillers { Grains . . • • • Sherwln Williams Co. of Canada, Ltd. Sherwin Williams Serewpress Linseed Oil Cake Meal .•■■•• Snow Brokerage Co. (Snowline Brand Alfalfa Leaf Meal . 1 Snowline Brand Alfalfa Leaf Mea . Snowline Brand Alfalfa I^af Meal . (Snowline Brand Alfalfa Leaf Meal . Southern Cotton Oil Co. , SCO-CO Brand 41% Prime Quality Cottonseed Meal . Arthur Ventura Grain Co. Ventura's Laying Mash C. P. Washburn Co. "Made Right" 16% Dairy teed . "Made Right" Horse Feed . Made Right" Horse Feed . . • • r-Made Right" Starting & Growing Feed V'Made Right" Starting & Growing Feed H. K. Webster Co. Blue Seal Fleshing Pellets . • Blue Seal "Horn-Mix" 24% Dairy Ration Blue Seal Special 20% Dairy Ration West-Nesbitt, Inc. Pure Feed Chick Grains Worcester Grain & Coal Co. Just Right Laying-Mash Dried Dried Cc 2.1 1.2 1.4 1.2 1.1 1.5 2.0 2.1 3.0 2.1 1.3 1.4 1.2 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.6 2.1 1.9 1.1 s 1.3 6.6 5.3 4.5 2.6 1.7 1.5 3.9 3 0 1.8 1.2 1.3 1.0 1.0 1.2 INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 39 Certified Ingredients Allied Mills, Inc. Wayne-Amco 24% Dairy Ration Corn gluten meal, corn distillers' dried grains, brewers' dried grains, corn gluten feed, old process linseed oil meal, soybean oil meal, ground oats, corn meal and hominy meal, wheat bran, cane molasses, 0.5% steamed bone meal, 1.5% ground limestone, 1.0% salt, 0.03% iron oxide, 0.0005% potassium iodide, cottonseed meal. Wayne-Amco 20% Dairy Ration Cottonseed meal, brewers' dried grains, corn distillers' dried grains, ground oats, corn gluten feed, corn meal and hominy meal, soybean oil meal, corn gluten meal, old process linseed oil meal, wheat bran, cane molasses, steamed bone meal 0.5%, 1.5% ground limestone, 1.0% salt, 0.03% iron oxide, 0.0005% potassium iodide. Wayne-Amco 16% Dairy Ration Corn distillers' dried grains, cottonseed meal, brewers' dried grains, corn gluten feed, old process linseed oil meal, corn meal, hominy meal, soybean oil meal, ground oats, wheat bran, cane molasses, steamed bone meal 0.5%, 1.0% ground limestone, 1.0% salt, 0.03% iron oxide, 0.0005% potassium iodide. Wayne Poultry Fattener Ground yellow corn, corn germ oil meal, white hominy feed, rolled oats, fine ground oats, wheat standard middlings, wheat red dog, old process linseed oil meal and 1% salt. Wayne Turkey Starting Mash Dried buttermilk, dried skim milk, animal liver meal, meat scraps, fish meal, wheat standard middlings, corn gluten meal, corn meal, dehydrated alfalfa meal, soybean oil meal, wheat bran, fine ground oats, 2% ground limestone, 0.06% iron oxide, 0.0007% potassium iodide, 0.06% manganese sulphate, 0.25% salt and sardine oil. A. P. Ames Co. Ames Complete Cycle Ration Corn meal, wheat middlings, wheat bran, pulverized whole oats, meat scraps, cod fish meal, dried milk, alfalfa leaf meal, calcium carbonate, salt, Exadol. Ames Complete Starter and Broiler Ration Corn meal, wheat middlings, dried skim milk, pulverized whole oats, wheat bran, alfalfa leaf meal, cod fish meal, meat scraps, calcium carbonate, salt, Clo-Trate concentrated cod liver oil. Ames Egg Mash Corn meal, wheat middlings, pulverized whole oats, wheat bran, cod fish meal, meat scraps, alfalfa leaf meal, dried skim milk, calcium carbonate, salt, and Exadol. Ames 20% Milk Maker Gluten, corn meal (and, or hominy), wheat bran, wheat middlings, linseed meal (and, or soy bean oil meal, and, or cotton seed meal), oat feed, calcium carbonate, and salt. Arcady Farms Milling Co. Arcady 24% Open Formula Production Ration Wheat bran, hominy feed, o. p. linseed oil meal, ground oats, cottonseed meal, corn gluten meal, corn gluten feed, distillers corn dried grains, soy bean oil meal, molasses, 1% bone meal, 1% calcium carhonate from limestone, 1% salt. Arcady 20% Open Formula Production Ration Wheat bran, hominy feed, o. p. linseed oil meal, ground white oats, corn gluten feed, cotton- seed meal, corn gluten meal, distillers corn dried grains, molasses, 1% bone meal, 1% calcium carbonate from limestone, 1% salt. Arcady Sweet 16 Dairy Feed Wheat bran, soy bean oil meal, corn gluten meal, o. p. linseed oil meal, distillers corn dried grains, brewers dried grains, corn gluten feed, cleaned ground and bolted wheat screenings, ground and bolted oat mill feed (oat hulls, oat shorts, oat middlings), cottonseed meal, molasses, 1% calcium carbonate from limestone, XA of 1% salt. Arcady Wonder Growing Mash Wonderlas (molasses, peanut oil meal, soy bean oil meal, o. p. linseed oil meal, corn oil cake meal\ animal liver meal, fish meal, meat scraps, dried buttermilk, corn gluten feed, corn meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, dehydrated alfalfa meal, fortified cod liver oil, ground oats, bone meal, 1% calcium carbonate from limestone, Yi of 1% salt, IK oss. potassium iodide per ton. Arcady Wonder Laying Mash Wonderlas (molasses, peanut oil meal, soy bean oil meal, o. p. linseed oil meal, corn oil cake meal), animal liver meal, fish meal, meat scraps, dried buttermilk, oat meal, corn meal, corn gluten feed, dehydrated alfalfa meal, fine ground oats, wheat bran, wheat middlings, fortified cod liver oil, bone meal, 1% calcium carbonate from limestone, Y> of 1% salt, \Yi oz. potassium iodide per ton. Arcady Wonderlas Molasses, peanut oil meal, cottonseed meal, o. p. linseed oil meal, soy bean oil meal, 2% calcium carbonate from limestone, 2% salt. Milkers Ready Ration Corn gluten meal, corn gluten feed, soy bean oil meal, brewers dried grains, wheat bran, o- p. linseed oil meal, cleaned ground and bolted wheat screenings, cottonseed meal, malt sprouts, molasses, 1% calcium carbonate from limestone, V*> of 1% salt. 40 CONTROL BULLETIN No. 94 Peerless Milk Ration Cottonseed meal, soy bean oil meal, corn gluten meal, o. p. linseed oil meal, corn gluten feed, wheat bran, brewers dried grains, cleaned ground & bolted wheat screenings, ground & bolted oat mill feed (oat hulls, oat shorts, oat middlings) malt sprouts, molasses, 1% calcium carbonate from limestone, J-^ of 1% salt. Sunkist Egg Mash V.'onderlas (molasses, peanut oil meal, soy bean oil meal, o. p. linseed oil meal, corn oil cake meal), dried buttermilk, meat scraps, gluten feed, ground vellow corn, wheat bran, fine ground oats, wheat middlings, alfalfa meal, fortified cod liver oil, 1% calcium carbonate from lime- stone, 1% salt. Beacon Milling Co., Inc. Auburn. Dairy Feed Corn gluten feed, old process linseed oil meal, soy bean oil meal, ground oats, corn meal, ground grain screenings, cottonseed meal, wheat bran, ground barley, corn distiller's dried grains, molasses, 1% salt, 1% calcium carbonate. Beacon Sweet "24" Old process linseed oil meal, soy bean oil meal, corn gluten meal, cottonseed meal, corn gluten feed, corn meal, corn distiller's dried grains, wheat bran, wheat middlings, ground oats, ground barley, molasses, 1% salt, 2% calcium carbonate. Beacon "20" Old process linseed oil meal, cottonseed meal, soy bean oil meal, corn gluten feed, corn gluten meal, corn meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, corn distiller's dried grains, ground oats, ground barley, 1% salt, 1% calcium carbonate. Beacon Sweet "20" Old process linseed oil meal, soy bean oil meal, corn distiller's dried grains, cottonseed meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, corn gluten meal, corn gluten feed, ground barley, corn meal, ground oats, molasses, 1% calcium carbonate, 1% salt. Beacon Battery Growing Ration Dried skimmilk, dried buttermilk, liver meal, fish meal, meat scrap, dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, pulverized heavy oats, pulverized heavy barley, wheat bran, wheat flour middlings, corn meal, fine charcoal, J^% fine salt, fortified cod liver oil, 2% calcium carbonate, anhydrous manganese sulphate 45 p. p.m. Beacon Battery Laying Ration Dried skimmilk, dried buttermilk, liver meal, fish meal, meat scrap, dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, pulverized heavy oats, pulverized heavy barley, wheat bran, wheat flour middlings, corn meal, fine charcoal, Vi% fine salt, fortified cod liver oil, 2% calcium carbonate, anhydrous manganese sulphate 45 p. p.m. Beacon Breeders Mash Dried skimmilk, dried buttermilk, liver meal, meat scrap, fish meal, dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, corn meal, pulverized heavy oats, pulverized heavy barley, wheat bran, wheat flour middlings, fortified cod liver oil, j^% fine salt, '3% calcium carbonate, 1% Protozyme (an enzyme supplying product derived from biochemically processed cereals), anhydrous manganese sulphate 70 p. p.m. Beacon Broiler Feed Dried skimmilk, liver meal, meat scrap, fish meal, ground yellow corn, pulverized heavy oats, pulverized heavy barley, wheat bran, wheat red dog, dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, fortified cod liver oil, 2% calcium carbonate, XA% salt, anhydrous manganese sulphate 35 p. p.m. Beacon C-C Pellets Manufactured by United States Patent 2056107 Dried skimmilk, ground yellow corn, liquid petrolatum, sulphur sublimatum, pulverized heavy barley, wheat bran, fortified cod liver oil, }{>% salt. Beacon Complete Starting Ration Dried skimmilk, liver meal, meat scrap, fish meal, ground yellow corn, ground hulled oats, pulverized heavy oats, pulverized heavy barley, wheat bran, wheat flour middlings, dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, fortified cod liver oil, 2% calcium carbonate, 14% salt, anhydrous manganese sulphate 35 p. p.m. Beacon Dairy Ration Old process linseed oil meal, soy bean oil meal, corn gluten feed, corn distiller's dried grains, ground barley, corn gluten meal, hominy feed, corn meal, cottonseed meal, ground oats, wheat bran, wheat middlings, 2% calcium carbonate, 1% salt. Beacon Duck Breeder Pellets Dried skimmilk, liver meal, meat scrap, fish meal, corn meal, pulverized heavy barley, wheat bran, wheat red dog, ground oat groats, dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, fortified cod liver oil, 2% calcium carbonate, }4% salt, anhydrous manganese sulphate 70 p. p.m. Beacon Duck Growing Pellets Meat scrap, fish meal, corn meal, pulverized heavy barley, pulverized heavy oats, wheat bran, wheat red dog, dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, old process linseed oil meal, soy bean oil meal, fortified cod liver oil, 2% calcium carbonate, )i% salt, anhydrous manganese sulphate 70 p. p.m. Beacon Duck Laying Pellets Dried skimmilk, liver meal, meat scrap, fish meal, corn meal, pulverized heavy barley, pul- verized heavy oats, wheat bran, wheat red dog, dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, old process linseed oil meal, soy bean oil meal, fortified cod liver oil, 2% calcium carbonate, yt% salt, anhydrous manganese sulphate 70 p. p.m. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 41 Beacon "22" Egg Mash Dried buttermilk, dried skimmilk, liver meal, meat scrap, fish meal, pulverized heavy barley, pulverized heavy oats, corn meal, dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, wheat bran, wheat flour middlings, fortified cod liver oil, 3% calcium carbonate, Yi% fine salt, 1% Protozyme (an enzyme supplying product derived from biochemically processed cereals), anhydrous manganese sulphate 70 p. p.m. Beacon Fleshing Pellets Dried skimmilk, liver meal, pulverized heavy oats, pulverized heavy barley, wheat low grade flour, corn meal, corn oil meal, wheat germ meal, fortified cod liver oil, 2]A% calcium carbonate, 1% salt, anhydrous manganese sulphate 70 p. p.m. Beacon "18" Growing Mash Dried skimmilk, liver meal, meat scrap, fish meal, pulverized heavy oats, pulverized heavy barley, corn meal, wheat red dog, dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, wheat bran, wheat flour middlings, fortified cod liver oil, 2% calcium carbonate, Vi% salt, anhydrous manganese sulphate 70 p. p.m. Beacon "20" Laying Mash Dried buttermilk, dried skimmilk, liver meal, fish meal, meat scrap, corn meal, dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, wheat bran, wheat flour middlings, pulverized heavy barley, pulverized heavy oats, fortified cod liver oil, 3% calcium carbonate, H% salt, anhydrous manganese sulphate 70 p. p.m. Beacon Test Cow Ration Old process linseed oil meal, cottonseed meal, corn distiller's dried grains, soy bean oil meal, corn gluten feed, corn meal, wheat bran, crushed oats, crushed barley, molasses, 1% salt, 1% calcium carbonate. Berkshire Coal & Grain Co., Inc. Berkshire Hills Sweet Dairy Wheat bran, cottonseed meal, gluten feed, linseed oil meal, corn meal, ground oats, brewers grain, cane molasses, calcium carbonate and salt. Green Mountain Dairy Ration Wheat bran, cottonseed meal, corn gluten feed, linseed oil meal, corn meal, ground oats and barley, calcium carbonate and salt. Green Mountain Laying Mash Wheat bran, wheat middlings, linseed oil meal, corn meal, fine ground oats, alfalfa meal, meat scraps, bone meal, fish meal, dried skim milk, calcium carbonate, salt, Xopco XX con- centrated cod liver oil. Greylock 20% Molasses Ration Cottonseed meal, brewers grains, oat feed, wheat bran, rye feed, hominy, soy bean meal, cane molasses, calcium carbonate, salt, gluten meal. Borden Grain Co. Borden's Dairy Feed Wheat bran, wheat middlings, corn meal or (hominy), gluten meal, gluten feed, cottonseed meal, soy bean oil meal, linseed oil meal, calcium carbonate, iodine, bone meal, salt. Borden's Laying Mash Corn meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, ground oat meal, dried milk, dried whey, Lactoflavin concentrate, alfalfa leaf meal, fish meal, meat scrap, soy bean oil meal, cod liver oil, calcium carbonate, manganese, iodine, salt. Borden's Starter and Growing Feed Corn meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, ground oat meal, alfalfa leaf meal, soy bean oil meal, meat scrap, fish meal, gluten meal, dried milk, dried whey, Lactoflavin concentrate, cod liver oil, calcium carbonate, manganese, iodine, bone meal, salt. George B. Brown Corp. Brown's Dairy Feed Wheat bran, hominy feed, oat feed, cotton seed meal, calcium carbonate, distillers' grain corn meal, o. p. linseed meal, corn gluten feed, molasses, bone meal, salt. Brown's Egg Mash Corn meal, wheat midds., ground oats, wheat bran, meat scraps, bone meal, dried milk, leaf alfalfa meal, charcoal, calcium carbonate, salt, and Xopco XX concentrated cod liver oil- Checkerboard Feed Store Protena Laying Mash Meat scrap, soy bean oil meal, linseed meal, corn meal, dried buttermilk, cod liver oil, sardine oil, alfalfa meal, wheat middlings (standard), wheat bran, 4% calcium carbonate (limestone), 1% salt. Coles Feed & Grain Co. Fortune Producer Mash Corn meal, wheat bran, flour midds, ground oats, dried milk, alfalfa leaf meal, beef scraps, fish meal, salt, shell meal, dicalcium phosphate, Clotrate cod liver oil fortified in vitamins A and D. 42 CONTROL BULLETIN No. 94 Community Feed Stores, Inc. Community 20 Dairy Ration Corn distillers dried grains, 41% cotton seed meal, soya bean meal, corn gluten feed, yellow corn meal or hominy, pure ground oats, pure wheat bran, molasses, salt, calcium carbonate. Community Growing Mash Greenmelk (tender succulent grasses and condensed buttermilk), yellow corn meal, white hominy, ground oats, pure bran, wheat middlings, alfalfa meal, soybean meal, dried skim milk, meat scraps 50%, pure fish meal, salt, oyster shell meal, cod liver oil. Community Laying Mash Greenmelk (tender succulent grasses and condensed buttermilk), yellow corn meal, white hominy, ground oats, pure wheat bran, gluten feed, wheat middlings, choice meat scraps 50%, pure fish meal, soybean meal, dried skim milk, alfalfa meal, salt, cod liver oil, oyster shell meal. Hilltop 20 Dairy Ration 41% cotton seed meal, soya bean meal, corn gluten feed, hominy or yellow corn meal. Vim oat mill feed, pure wheat bran, corn distillers dried grains, cane molasses, calcium carbonate , salt. Cover & Palm Co. C. & P. Growing Mash Dried milk, meat scraps, fish meal, pulverized oats, corn meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings , alfalfa leaf meal, soy bean meal, Vitadene, hominy feed, salt, bone meal, potassium iodide , calcium carbonate, cod liver oil. C. & P. Grade A Laying Mash Dried milk, meat scraps, fish meal, corn meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, pulverized oats, soy bean meal, alfalfa leaf meal, linseed meal, Vitadene, salt, calcium carbonate, potassium iodide, cod liver oil. C. & P. Starter & Broiler Ration Dried milk, meat scraps, fish meal, ground hulled oats, soy bean meal, corn meal, wheat bran, wheat red dog flour, wheat middlings, pulverized oats, Vitadene, alfalfa leaf meal, salt, bone meal, potassium iodide, calcium carbonate, cod liver oil. Chas. M. Cox Co. Utility Growing Ration Dried skim milk, ground oats, alfalfa meal, wheat bran, gluten feed, ground barley, fish meal, cod liver oil, wheat middlings, calcium carbonate, meat scrap, yellow corn meal, soy bean meal, gluten meal, salt. Utility Laying Ration Dried skim milk, meat scrap, fish meal, alfalfa meal, gluten meal, ground barley, ground wheat, yellow corn meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, gluten feed, cod liver oil, ground oats, calcium carbonate, salt. Utility Starting Ration Dried skim milk, cod liver oil, soy bean meal, wheat middlings, ground oats, ground barley, fish meal, wheat bran, ground wheat, calcium carbonate, meat scrap, yellow corn meal, gluten meal, alfalfa meal, salt. Delaware Mills, Inc. Delaware Sweet 20% Dairy Feed Cane molasses, linseed oil meal, corn gluten feed, corn gluten meal, cottonseed meal, soybean oil meal, corn distillers grains, peanut oil meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, hominy feed, ground oats, ground barley, phosphatic calcium carbonate and salt. Delaware Laying Mash Cod liver oil, dried skim milk, meat scrap, bone meal, fish meal, soybean oil meal, corn gluten feed, corn meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, wheat red dog, oatmeal, pulverized heavy oats, ground barley, dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, phosphatic calcium carbonate, \2 per cent protein old process linseed meal, cane molasses, wheat bran, dicalcium phosphate, iodized salt. Eastern States Turkey-Fat E. S. yellow corn meal, wheat bran, wheat flour middlings, 50 per cent protein meat scraps, E. S. ground oats, 41 per cent protein soybean oil meal, alfalfa leaf meal, corn gluten meal, dried skimmed milk, ground oat groats, oyster shell meal, iodized salt. Eastern States Turkey-Grow E. S. yellow corn meal, wheat bran, wheat flour middlings, 41 per cent protein soybean oil meal, 58 per cent protein fish meal, ground oat groats, alfalfa leaf meal, dried skimmed milk, corn gluten meal, E. S. ground oats, 50 per cent protein meat scraps, oyster shell meal, di- calcium phosphate, iodized salt, fortified sardine oil, manganese sulphate. Eastern States Turkey-Start E. S. yellow corn meal, wheat flour middlings, wheat bran, 41 per cent protein soybean oil meal, 58 per cent protein fish meal, ground oat groats, corn gluten meal, alfalfa leaf meal, 50 per cent protein meat scraps, dried skimmed milk, oyster shell meal, dicalcium phosphate, iodized salt, fortified sardine oil, manganese sulphate. Michael W. ElHs The Ellis Dairy Feed Corn meal, wheat middlings, wheat bran, gluten meal, hominy feed, gluten feed, corn distillers grains, cottonseed meal, oil meal, ground oats, calcite flour, salt and edible bone meal. The ElHs Poultry Mash Wheat bran, wheat middlings, hominy feed, gluten, corn meal, rolled oats or feeding oatmeal, alfalfa leaf meal, cod liver oil, beef scraps, dried skim milk or buttermilk, edible bone meal, salt, charcoal and calcite flour. The Ellis Special Dairy Feed Hominy feed, wheat middlings, wheat bran, gluten meal, gluten feed, cotton seed meal, sugared Vim feed, alfalfa meal, calcite flour, salt. Elmore Milling Co., Inc. Elmore Breeders Mash Wheat germ meal, yellow corn meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, ground heavy oats, alfalfa leaf meal, meat and bone meal, fish meal, dried skim milk, cod liver oil, cod liver meal, oyster shell flour, salt. Elmore Complete Laying Ration Alfalfa leaf meal, wheat bran (may contain mill run screenings), cod liver oil, corn meal, fish meal, wheat middlings, dried skim milk, pulverized heavy oats, meat scraps, oyster shell flour, cod liver meal, ground barley, soybean oil meal, gluten meal, sclt. Elmore Egg Mash Dried skim milk, meat meal, second clear wheat flour, pure ground oats, wheat middlings, corn meal (No. 2 yel.), wheat bran, alfalfa leaf meal, fish meal, bone meal, cod liver oil, oyster shell flour, salt. Elmore Fleshing Pellets Corn meal, corn oil meal, pulverized heavy oats, standard midds, low grade wheat flour, corn gluten meal, soybean oil meal, dried skim milk, cod liver oil, salt. Elmore Growing Mash Dried buttermilk, meat meal, bone meal, wheat midds, wheat bran, low grade wheat flour, alfalfa leaf meal, corn meal, oat meal, gluten meal, fish meal, cod liver oil, oyster shell flour, ground barley, soybean oil meal, salt. Elmore M. A. C. Laying Mash Alfalfa leaf meal, corn meal, fish meal, wheat midds, dried skim milk, wheat bran (may con- tain mill run screenings), ground heavy oats, meat scraps, oyster shell flour, cod liver oil, salt. Elmore Milk Grains "Twenty-Four" Corn distillers grains, wheat bran, old process oil meal, corn meal or hominy feed, barley malt sprouts, corn gluten feed, cotton seed meal, dried brewers' grains, soybean oil meal, calcium carbonate and salt. 46 CONTROL BULLETIN No. 94 Elmore 32% Supplemental Dairy Ration Corn gluten feed, corn gluten meal, choice cotton seed meal, linseed oil meal, wheat bran, soybean oil meal, cane molasses, calcium carbonate, salt. Elmore's Sweet Dlgesto Dairy Feed Corn gluten feed, cotton seed meal, wheat bran, cocoanut oil meal, pulverized wheat screen- ings, oat meal mill by-products (oat hulls, oat midds and oat shorts), cane molasses, salt. Elmore Turkey Growing Mash Yellow corn meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, ground heavy oats, ground barley, alfalfa leaf meal, soybean oil meal, corn gluten meal, dried skim milk, meat scraps, fish meal, oyster shell flour, cod liver oil, salt. Elmore Turkey Starting Mash \ellow corn meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, pulverized heavy oats, wheat germ meal, alfalfa leaf meal, soybean oil meal, corn gluten meal, dried skim milk, meat scraps, fish meal, oyster shell flour, cod liver oil, salt. Granger 20% Dairy Ration Wheat bran, wheat midds, cotton seed meal, corn gluten feed, corn meal or hominy feed, soybean oil meal, cane molasses, ground oats, dried brewers' grains, copra oil meal, calcium carbonate, salt. Waldorf 20% Dairy Ration Wheat bran, cocoanut oil meal, corn gluten feed, corn gluten meal, dried brewers' grains' cotton seed meal, cane molasses, ground oats, pulverized grain screenings, calcium carbonate' salt. John W. Eshelman & Sons Eshelman Challenge Dairy Feed Cottonseed meal, wheat bran, corn gluten feed, cane molasses, corn gluten meal, ground oats, dried brewers' grains, corn distillers' grains, corn meal, o. p. oil meal, soybean oil meal, reground grain screenings from wheat, 1% bone meal, 1% calcium carbonate, 1% salt. Eshelman Conestoga 20 Dairy Feed Cottonseed meal, wheat bran, cane molasses, corn gluten feed, dried brewers' grains, corn distillers' grains, soybean oil meal, o. p. oil meal, reground grain screenings from wheat, 1% bone meal, 1% calcium carbonate, 1% salt. Eshelman Pennsy 16 Dairy Feed Wheat bran, cottonseed meal, cane molasses, corn gluten feed, dried brewers' grains, o. p. oil meal, soybean oil meal, reground grain screenings from wheat, oat mill feed (oat midds, oat hulls, oat shorts), 1% bone meal, 1% salt, 1% calcium carbonate. Eshelman Pennsy Laying Mash Corn meal, wheat middlings, meat scrap, wheat bran, ground oats, alfalfa meal, soybean oil meal, cane molasses, fish meal, corn gluten feed, o. p. oil meal, 1% bone meal, 1% calcium carbonate, }-£% salt. Red Rose Complete Laying Mash Corn meal, ground wheat, ground barley, wheat middlings, wheat bran, ground oats, meat scrap, soybean oil meal, fine alfalfa meal, corn gluten feed, o. p. oil meal, fish meal, dried buttermilk, dried whey, 1% calcium carbonate, Ji% salt, fortified cod liver oil. Eshelman Red Rose 24 Dairy Feed Cottonseed meal, wheat bran, corn gluten feed, cane molasses, corn gluten meal, ground oats, dried brewers grains, corn distillers' grains, corn meal, o. p. oil meal, soybean oil meal, 1% bone meal, 1% calcium carbonate, 1% salt. Eshelman Red Rose 20 Dairy Feed Wheat bran, cottonseed meal, ground oats, corn gluten feed, cane molasses, dried brewers' grains, corn distillers' grains, corn meal, o. p. oil meal, soybean oil meal, 1% bone meal, 1% caloium carbonate, 1% salt. Eshelman Red Rose Laying Mash Wheat middlings, corn meal, meat scrap, wheat bran, corn gluten feed, ground oats, o. p. oil meal, fish meal, soybean oil meal, hominy feed, fine alfalfa meal, dried buttermilk, dried whey, 1% calcium carbonate, H% salt, fortified cod liver oil. Farm Service Co. *'C" Complete Starter & Broiler Ration Corn meal, pulverized oats, ground barley, fish meal, calcium carbonate, soya bean oil meal, alfalfa meal, wheat bran (with wheat screenings not exceeding mill run), wheat midds (with wheat screenings not exceeding mill run), dried milk, meat scraps, salt, cod liver oil. C Growing Mash Corn meal, mixed feed, ground oats, meat scraps, dried milk, fish scraps, alfalfa meal, calcium carbonate, salt, cod liver oil. C Laying Mash Corn meal, mixed feed, corn gluten feed, linseed oil meal, soya bean oil meal, meat scraps, alfalfa meal, ground oats, calcium carbonate, bone meal, fish meal, salt. 18% Dairy Ration Corn meal, hominy, wheat bran (with wheat screenings not exceeding mill run), corn gluten feed, cottonseed meal, linseed oil meal, dried brewers' grains, soya bean oil meal, molasses, oat midds, calcium carbonate, ground wheat screenings, ground oats, salt. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 47 Diamond C Dairy Feed Wheat bran (with wheat screenings not exceeding mill run), wheat midds (with wheat screen- ings not exceeding mill run), corn meal, hominy, cottonseed meal, linseed oil meal, beet pulp, soya bean oil meal, corn gluten feed, corn gluten meal, salt. Eventually Gold Medal Growing Mash Wheat bran (with wheat screenings not exceeding mill run), wheat midds (with wheat screen- ings not exceeding mill run), yellow corn meal, ground oats, alfalfa meal, meat and bone scraps, dried skim milk, dried buttermilk, fish meal, ground limestone, salt, cod liver oil extract. New England Dairy Ration Corn gluten meal, corn gluten feed, wheat bran (with wheat screenings not exceeding mill run), yellow corn meal, linseed oil meal, soya bean oil meal, cottonseed meal, hominy, ground oats, molasses, calcium carbonate, salt. North Star Chick Starter Wheat bran (with wheat screenings not exceeding mill run\ flour midds (with wheat screen- ings not exceeding mill run), corn meal, feeding oatmeal, meat scraps, fish meal, dried milk, alfalfa meal, soya bean oil meal, calcium carbonate, salt, cod liver oil. North Star 16% Dairy Feed Corn meal, hominy, soya bean oil meal, dried brewers grains, wheat bran (with wheat screen- ings not exceeding mill run), corn gluten leed, cottonseed meal, linseed oil meal, molasses, calcium carbonate, ground barley, ground wheat screenings, bone meal, salt. North Star Laying Mash Corn meal, pulverized oats, alfalfa meal, wheat bran (with wheat screenings not exceeding mill run), wheat midds (with wheat screenings not exceeding mill run), corn gluten feed, ground barley, soya bean oil meal, meat scraps, dried milk, calcium carbonate, fish meal, salt, (with or without cod liver oil). Flory Milling Co., Inc. Flory's "All-Mash" Chick Starter Oatmeal, yellow corn meal, wheat bran, standard wheat middlings, choice fine alfalfa meal, dried tomato pulp, ground barley, dried skimmilk, dried whey, Lacto Flavin concentrate, fish meal, meat scrap, liver meal, soybean meal, linseed oil meal, ground wheat, pulverized oats, cod liver oil, essential minerals (calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, anhydrous manganese sulphate, iodine and salt). Flory's 20% Cream-O-Milk Dairy Feed Corn gluten feed, corn gluten meal, dried brewers' grains, corn distillers' grains, malt sprouts, corn meal, soybean meal, ground oats, cottonseed meal, cane molasses, essential minerals (calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, calcium sulphate, iron sulphate, sulphur, iodine and salt). Flory's 24% Special Dairy Feed Cottonseed meal, corn gluten feed, ground white oats, corn gluten meal, wheat bran (con- taining screenings not exceeding mill run), cocoanut oil meal, corn distillers' grains, dried brewers' grains, malt sprouts, molasses, soybean meal, alfalfa meal, corn meal, standard wheat middlings, essential minerals (calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, calcium sulphate, iron sulphate, sulphur, iodine and salt). Flory's 3 in 1 Starter-Growing-Laying Mash Alfalfa meal, fish meal, oatmeal, pure corn meal, dried skimmilk, dried whey, Lacto Flavin concentrate, meat scrap, soybean meal, ground wheat, ground barley, wheat bran, standard wheat middlings, tomato pulp, cod liver oil, essential minerals (calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, anhydrous manganese sulphate, iodine and salt). Flory's 32% Protein Supplement Mash Fish meal, soybean oil meal, meat scrap, liver meal, dried skimmilk, dried whey, Lacto Flavin concentrate, corn gluten meal, standard wheat middlings, wheat bran, cocoanut oil meal, alfalfa leaf meal, essential minerals (calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, anhydrous manganese sulphate, iodine and salt), cod liver oil. Golden Egg Growing Mash Soybean oil meal, corn meal, ground oats, meat scrap, choice alfalfa meal, ground barley, fish meal, wheat bran, standard wheat middlings, tomato pulp, sugar cane molasses, dried skimmilk, dried whey, Lacto Flavin concentrate, essential minerals (calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, anhydrous manganese sulphate, iodine and salt), cod liver oil. Golden Egg Laying Mash Dried skimmilk, dried whey, Lacto Flavin concentrate, meat scrap, fish meal, dried tomato pulp, soybean meal, yellow corn meal, wheat flour middlings, ground barley, wheat bran, ground white oats, choice alfalfa meal, corn gluten meal, cocoanut oil meal, cod liver oil, essential minerals (calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, anhydrous manganese sulphate, iodine and salt). Paul Fuller & Sons Eggmaker Dried skim milk, soy bean meal, alfalfa leaf meal, fine ground oats, feeding oat meal, st. wheat bran, fish meal, red dog flour, meat scraps, corn meal, gluten, salt, calcium carbonate. J. B. Garland & Son, Inc. Garland Complete Starting & Broiler Mash Alfalfa leaf meal, fish meal, meat scraps, ground wheat, dried milk, cod liver oil, ground barley, ground oats, corn meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, calcium carbonate and salt. 48 CONTROL BULLETIN No. 94 Garland 24% Dairy Ration Soybean meal, brewers' dried grains, distillers' dried grains, cottonseed meal, linseed oil meal, corn gluten feed, wheat bran, middlings, malt sprouts, corn gluten meal, palm kernel meal, corn meal, fish meal, molasses, calcium carbonate and salt. Garland 20% Dairy Ration Soybean meal, brewers dried grains, linseed oil meal, cottonseed meal, corn gluten feed, distillers dried grains, malt sprouts, palm kernel meal, wheat bran, middlings, corn meal, fish meal, molasses, calcium carbonate and salt. Garland Growing Mash Alfalfa leaf meal, fish meal, meat scraps, linseed oil meal, dried milk, wheat bran, wheat middlings, soybean meal, ground oats, ground wheat, corn meal, calcium carbonate and salt. (With or without cod liver oil.) Garland Laying Mash Alfalfa leaf meal, soybean meal, fish meal, meat scraps, dried milk, linseed oil meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, ground oats, ground wheat, corn meal, calcium carbonate and salt. (With or without cod liver oil.) Garland Turkey Starting & Broiler Mash Cod liver oil, alfalfa meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, dried milk, soybean meal, fish meal, meat scraps, ground oats, corn meal, calcium carbonate and salt. Royal Complete Laying Ration Corn meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, ground oats, alfalfa leaf meal, meat scraps, fish meal, soybean meal, dried buttermilk, vitamin tested cod liver oil, calcium carbonate and salt. Royal 24% Dairy Ration Soybean meal, ground corn, ground oats, corn gluten feed, wheat and wheat bran processed, distillers dried grains, cottonseed meal, palm kernel meal, molasses, calcium carbonate and salt. Royal 20% Dairy Ration Soybean meal, corn gluten feed, distillers dried grains, wheat and wheat bran processed, cotton- seed meal, palm kernel meal, ground corn, ground oats, molasses, calcium carbonate and salt. Royal Laying Mash Alfalfa meal, corn meal, ground oats, ground wheat, dried milk, wheat bran, wheat middlings, cod liver oil, fish meal, meat scraps, linseed oil meal, soybean meal, calcium carbonate and salt. Royal Worcester Complete Dairy Ration Gluten feed, oil meal, ground oats, wheat bran, middlings, corn meal, cottonseed meal, soy- bean meal, distillers grains, beet pulp, bone meal, calcium carbonate, salt and molasses. W. K. Gilmore & Sons, Inc. Conference Mash Yellow corn meal, standard wheat bran, wheat flour middlings, pure ground oats, meat scraps 50%, pure fish meal 55%, alfalfa leaf meal, milk, caleite flour, cod liver oil, diealcium phosphate, salt. Neponset Poultry Mash Wheat bran, wheat middlings, corn meal, ground oats, alfalfa, beef scraps, fish scraps, lin- seed oil meal, corn gluten, ground rolled oats, calcite flour, dried skim milk, fine salt, soy bean meal. John R. Goiter Goiter Special Complete Ration Coarse ground yellow corn, coarse ground fancy wheat, pulverized oats, potassium iodide, flour middlings, wheat bran, alfalfa leaf meal, dried buttermilk, meat scraps, fish meal, soy bean meal, steam bone meal, calcium carbonate, salt, cod liver oil, molasses. Goode Grain Co. Goode Laying Mash. Mass. Formula Yellow corn meal, soy bean meal, wheat middlings, wheat bran, ground oats, ment scrap, fish meal, dried skim or buttermilk, alfalfa meal, calcium carbonate, salt, cod liver oil, Vitidine, a mineral concentrate. Goode Starting & Growing Mash Yellow corn meal, soy bean meal, wheat middlings, wheat bran, ground oats, meat scraps, fish meal, dried skim or buttermilk, alfalfa meal, calcium carbonate, salt, cod liver oil, Vitidine, ;; mineral concentrate. D. H. Grandin Milling Co. Grandin's Breeder Mash Fortified cod liver oil, dried buttermilk, dried whey, meal scraps, lish meal, soybean oil meal, corn gluten meal, dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, wheal bran, wheat middlings, ground yellow corn, hominy feed, ground wheat, pulverized oats, ground barley, calcium carbonate, salt, potassium iodide, manganese sulphate. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 49 Grandin's Chick Starting Mash Fortified cod liver oil, dried buttermilk, dried whey, meat scraps, fish meal, soybean oil meal, dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, ground wheat, ground yellow corn, feeding oat meal, pulverized oats, ground barley, calcium carbonate, salt, potassium iodide, manganese sulphate. Grandin's 24% Dairy Feed Cane molasses, cottonseed meal, soybean oil meal, linseed oil meal, corn gluten meal, corn gluten feed, corn distillers dried grains, wheat bran and wheat middlings (with mill run wheat screenings), yellow corn meal, hominy feed, ground oats, ground barley, steamed bone meal, calcium carbonate, salt and potassium iodide. Grandin's 20% Dairy Feed Cane molasses, cottonseed meal, soybean oil meal, linseed oil meal, corn gluten feed, corn distillers' dried grains, wheat bran and wheat middlings (with mill run wheat screenings), yellow corn meal, hominy feed, ground oats, ground barley, steamed bone meal, calcium carbonate, salt and potassium iodide. Grandin's Fleshing Pellets Fortified cod liver oil, dried buttermilk, dried whey, meat scraps, fish meal, soybean oil meal, wheat red dog, wheat middlings, ground yellow corn, hominy feed, corn germ meal, pulverized oats, ground barley, calcium carbonate, salt, potassium iodide, manganese sulphate. Grandin's Growing Mash Fortified cod liver oil, dried buttermilk, dried whey, meat scraps, fish meal, soybean oil meal, corn gluten feed, dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, ground yellow corn, hominy feed, pulverized oats, ground barley, calcium carbonate, salt, potassium iodide , manganese sulphate. Grandin's Laying Mash Fortified cod liver oil, dried buttermilk, dried whey, meat scraps, fish meal, soybean oil meal, corn gluten meal, corn gluten feed, dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, ground yellow corn, hominy feed, pulverized oats, ground barley, calcium carbonate, salt, potassium iodide, manganese sulphate. Grandin's Milk Maker Dried beet pulp, cottonseed meal, soybean oil meal, linseed oil meal, corn gluten meal, corn gluten feed, corn distillers dried grains, wheat bran and wheat middlings (with mill run wheat screenings), yellow corn meal, hominy feed, ground oats, ground barley, steamed bone meal, calcium carbonate, salt and potassium iodide. Grandin's Start-to-Finish Mash Fortified cod liver oil, dried buttermilk, dried whey, meat scraps, fish meal, soybean oil meal, corn gluten feed, dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, ground wheat, ground yellow corn, hominy feed, pulverized oats, ground barley, calcium carbonate, salt, potassium iodide, manganese sulphate. Grandin's Twin Six Dairy Feed Cottonseed meal, soybean oil meal, linseed oil meal, corn gluten meal, corn gluten feed, corn distillers' dried grains, alfalfa meal, wheat bran and wheat middlings (with mill run wheat screenings), yellow corn meal, hominy feed, ground oats, ground barley, steamed bone meal, calcium carbonate, salt and potassium iodide. Grandin's Twin Six Dairy Feed (Sweetened) Cane molasses, cottonseed meal, soybean oil meal, linseed oil meal, corn gluten meal, corn gluten feed, corn distillers dried grains, alfalfa meal, wheat bran and wheat middlings (with mill run wheat screenings), yellow corn meal, hominy feed, ground oats, ground barley, steamed bone meal, calcium carbonate, salt and potassium iodide. M-S (Money Saver) 20% Dairy Feed Cane molasses, cottonseed meal, soybean oil meal, linseed oil meal, corn gluten feed, corn distillers dried grains, brewers dried grains, wheat bran, wheat middlings, ground wheat screenings, corn feed meal, ground oats, ground barley, steamed bone meal, calcium carbonate, salt and potassium iodide. M-S (Money Saver) Laying Mash Fortified cod liver oil, dried buttermilk, dried whey, meat scraps, fish meal, soybean oil meal, corn gluten feed, alfalfa leaf meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, yellow corn meal, corn feed meal, hominy feed, pulverized oats, ground barley, calcium carbonate, salt, potassium iodide, manganese sulphate. Hales & Hunter Co. Red Comb All-Mash Ground corn, wheat bran, wheat middlings, corn gluten feed, meat scraps, alfalfa meal, soy bean oil meal, pulverized oats, fish meal, dried buttermilk, dried whey, and not over 1J^% minerals (calcium carbonate, salt, granulated charcoal, manganese sulphate), cod liver oil, sardine oil. Red Comb Batry Fed Layer Ground corn, feeding oat meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, corn gluten feed, meat scraps, alfalfa meal, soy bean oil meal, pulverized oats, fish meal, dried buttermilk, dried whey and not over 114% minerals (calcium carbonate, salt, granulated charcoal, manganese sulphate), cod liver oil, sardine oil. Red Comb Broiler Mash Ground corn, fine ground feeding oat meal, pulverized oats, wheat bran, wheat middlings' corn gluten feed, meat scraps, alfalfa meal, soy bean oil meal, fish meal, dried buttermilk, dried whey, and not over 3% minerals (calcium carbonate, salt, granulated charcoal, manganese sulphate), sardine oil, cod liver oil. 50 CONTROL BULLETIN No. 94 Red Comb Crate Fattener Ground corn, ground oat groats, pulverized oats, corn oil cake meal, barley, linseed oil meal, wheat middlings, low grade wheat flour, rolled oats, salt J4%. Red Comb Egg Mash Ground corn, feeding oat meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, corn gluten feed, meat scrape, alfalfa meal, soy bean oil meal, pulverized oats, fish meal, dried buttermilk, dried whey and not over 3% minerals (calcium carbonate, salt, granulated charcoal, manganese sulphate), sardine oil, cod liver oil. Red Comb Growing Mash Ground corn, fine ground feeding oat meal, pulverized oats, wheat bran, wheat middlings, corn gluten feed, meat scraps, alfalfa meal, soy bean oil meal, fish meal, dried buttermilk, dried whey, and not over 3% minerals (calcium carbonate, salt, granulated charcoal, manganese sulphate), sardine oil, cod liver oil. Red Comb Sup-Pel Concentrated cod liver oil, green dehydrated alfalfa meal, sardine oil, dried buttermilk, dried whey, pulverized barley, wheat germ meal, soy bean oil meal. Special Red Horn 20% Dairy Feed Cottonseed meal, linseed oil meal, soybean oil meal, corn distiller's dried grains, wheat bran, corn gluten feed, corn gluten meal, dried brewer's grain, malt sprouts, whole ground corn, crimped oats, ground and bolted screenings from wheat, barley and kafir corn, clipped oat by-product, molasses, salt 1%, calcium carbonate (ground limestone) 2%. D. Harbeck Crusader All Purpose Mash Corn meal, bran, wheat middlings, gr. oats, gr. barley, gr. wheat, meat scraps, fish meal, soya bean meal, gluten meal, alfalfa meal, dried milk or buttermilk, linseed oil meal, charcoal, shell flour, cod liver oil. Welcome Dairy Feed Bran, beet pulp, cottonseed meal, corn gluten meal, gr. oats, hominy or corn feed meal, oil meal, middlings, calcium carbonate, steam bone meal 1%, salt 1%. Welcome Growing Mash Corn meal, bran, flour middlings, gr. oats, alfalfa meal, meat scraps, fish meal, dried skimmed milk or buttermilk, gr. barley, hominy feed, oil meal, gr. wheat, bone meal, shell flour, salt and cod liver oil. Welcome Laying Mash Corn meal, bran, flour middlings, gr. oats, meat scraps, fish meal, alfalfa meal, dried skimmed milk or buttermilk, salt, shell flour and cod liver oil. Welcome Starter & Broiler Ration Corn meal, bran, flour middlings, gr. oat groats, or feeding oat meal, dry skimmed milk or dry buttermilk, alfalfa meal, meat scraps, fish meal, shell flour, salt, cod liver oil. D. B. Hodgkins' Sons Hodgkins' Dairy Ration Wheat bran, hominy, ground oats, corn gluten feed, corn meal, cottonseed meal, soy bean meal, linseed meal, beet pulp, brewers' grains, molasses, calcium carbonate and salt, Hodgkins' Growing Mash Corn meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, flour middlings, ground oats, alfalfa meal, dried skim milk, soy bean oil meal, meat scraps, fish meal, oyster shell meal, salt and cod liver oil. Hodgkins' Poultry Mash Ground corn, oats, middlings and bran (with screenings not to exceed mill run), corn gluten feed, soy bean meal, corn gluten meal, ground meat scraps, calcium carbonate, dried skim milk or dried buttermilk, dairy salt, fish meal, alfalfa leaf meal and cod liver oil, Horvitz Grain Co. Mak-M-Lay Laying Mash Cod liver oil, wheat bran, corn meal, gluten feed, ground oats, ground barley, red dog, wheat middlings, soya bean meal, meat scraps, alfalfa leaf meal, dried skimmilk, calcium carbonate, charcoal. Wantmore Dairy Ration Hominy feed or corn meal, wheat bran, ground oats, gluten feed & gluten meal, linseed meal, cottonseed meal, wheat middlings, calcium carbonate, salt. Wantmore Dairy with Beet Pulp Hominy feed or corn meal, wheat bran, gluten feed & gluten meal, linseed meal, cottonseed meal, wheat middlings, salt, beet pulp, ground oats, calcium carbonate. Wantmore 24% Sweetened Dairy Feed Soybean oil meal, cottonseed meal, corn gluten feed, corn distillers' dried grains, yellow corn meal or hominy feed, oat mill feed (oat hulls, oat shorts and oat middlings), wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, cane molasses, calcium carbonate, salt. Wantmore 20% Sweetened Dairy Feed Soybean oil meal, cottonseed meal, corn gluten feed, corn distillers' dried grains, yellow corn meal or hominy feed, oat meal feed (oat hulls, oat shorts and oat middlings), wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, cane molasses, calcium carbonate, salt. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 51 R. B. Howlett Ideal Poultry Mash Wheat bran, yellow corn meal, meat scraps, wheat middlings, ground oats, dried milk, bone meal, alfalfa leaf meal, salt, fish meal. Jaquith & Co. Dairy Ration Wheat bran and middlings, cottonseed meal, oil meal, soya bean meal, salt, gluten feed, alfalfa, ground oats and corn, dried grains, minerals, molasses. Growing Mash Ground corn, wheat and oats, soy bean meal, meat and bone meal, salt, dried milk, alfalfa, oil meal and Exadol. Laying Mash Ground corn, wheat and oats, gluten feed, oil meal, meat scraps, dried milk, soy bean meal, alfalfa meal, salt and Exadol. Starting Feed Ground corn, oats and wheat, dried milk, salt, alfalfa, and Exadol. Kasco Mills, Inc. Apex Complete Grower Corn meal, pulverized oats, ground barley, wheat bran, wheat middlings, soybean oil meal, linseed oil meal, alfalfa meal, meat scrap, fish meal, bone meal, dried skim milk, dried whey, Lactoflavin concentrate, H of 1% salt, calcite, tested cod liver oil. Apex 20% Dairy Ration Soybean oil meal, cottonseed meal, corn gluten feed, corn gluten meal, wheat bran, ground wheat screenings, oat mill feed (oat middlings, oat snorts and oat hulls), malt sprouts, dried brewers' grains, corn distillers' grains, cane molasses, 1% salt, 1% calcite. Apex Growing Mash Corn meal, pulverized oats, ground barley, wheat bran, wheat middlings, linseed oil meal, soybean oil meal, alfalfa meal, meat scrap, fish meal, bone meal, dried skim milk, dried whey, Lactoflavin concentrate, % of 1% salt, calcite, tested cod liver oil. Apex Laying Mash Wheat bran, wheat middlings, corn meal, linseed oil meal, soybean oil meal, pulverized oats, ground barley, meat scrap, bone meal, fish meal, dried skim milk, dried whey, Lactoflavin concentrate, % of 1% salt, calcite, tested cod liver oil, alfalfa meal. Beatsall Milk Grains Wheat bran, wheat middlings, linseed oil meal, corn distillers' grains, corn gluten feed, corn gluten meal, cottonseed meal, soybean oil meal, hominy feed, 3/i of 1% salt, 1% calcite, beet pulp, molasses. Kasco All Mash Chick Starter Wheat red dog, oatmeal, wheat middlings, wheat bran, corn meal, meat scrap, fish meal, bone meal, linseed oil meal, soybean oil meal, pulverized oats, dried skim milk, dried whey, Lacto- flavin concentrate, }-£ of 1% salt, tested cod liver oil, calcite, alfalfa leaf meal, .0125% manganese sulphate. Kasco All Mash Grower Wheat reddog, pulverized oats, oatmeal, wheat middlings, wheat bran, corn meal, meat scrap, fish meal, bone meal, linseed oil meal, soybean oil meal, dried skim milk, dried whey, Lactoflavin concentrate, H of 1% salt, tested cod liver oil, calcite, alfalfa leaf meal. Kasco Broiler Ration Wheat bran, wheat middlings, wheat reddog, linseed oil meal, corn meal, ground oatmeal, pulverized oats, meat scrap, bone meal, alfalfa leaf meal, dried whey, Lactoflavin concentrate, dried skim milk, tested cod liver oil, salt, calcite, soybean oil meal, fish meal, .0125% manganese sulphate. Kasco 20% Milk Maker Cottonseed meal, linseed oil meal, dried brewers' grains, corn distillers grains, corn gluten feed, corn gluten meal, soybean oil meal, corn meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, ground oats, ground barley, % of 1% salt, 1% calcite, molasses, malt sprouts. Kasco Open Formula 20% Dairy Ration Wheat bran, wheat middlings, ground barley, ground oats, malt sprouts, dried brewers' grains, corn distillers' grains, corn gluten feed, soybean oil meal, 41% cottonseed meal, hominy feed, cane molasses, salt, calcite. Kasco Poultry Flushing Mash Wheat reddog, oatmeal, wheat middlings, wheat bran, corn meal, pulverized oats, meat scrap, fish meal, bone meal, linseed oil meal, soybean oil meal, dried whey, Lactoflavin con- centrate, J^ of 1% salt, tested cod liver oil, calcite, alfalfa leaf meal. Kasco Sweet 16% Dairy Feed Wheat bran, corn gluten feed, corn gluten meal, cottonseed meal, soybean oil meal, ground oats, ground barley, ground wheat screenings, corn meal, oat mill feed (oat midds, oat hulls, oat shorts), malt sprouts, dried brewers' grains, corn distillers' grains, molasses, 1% salt, 1% calcite. 52 CONTROL BULLETIN No. 94 Kasco Turkey Grower Wheat bran, wheat middlings, linseed oil meal, corn meal, pulverized oats, meat scrap, bone meal, dried skim milk, dried whey, Lactoflavin concentrate, fish meal, soybean oil meal, corn gluten meal, Y% of 1% salt, calcite tested cod liver oil, alfalfa meal. Larrowe Milling Co. Larro The Ready Ration for Dairy Cows Cottonseed meal, yellow corn meal, wheat standard middlings, soybean oil meal, o. p. linseed oil meal, corn gluten feed, corn distillers' dried grains, dried beet pulp, wheat bran, H% limestone, 1% salt. Larro Broiler Feed Yellow corn meal, wheat standard middlings, alfalfa meal, wheat bran, meat and bone scraps, soybean oil meal, fish meal, ground oats, dried buttermilk, dried skimmed milk, dried whey, fortified cod liver oil, 2% limestone, J4% salt, .01% manganese dioxide. Larro Chick Builder Wheat bran, yellow corn meal, wheat standard middlings, ground barley, meat and bone scraps, soybean oil meal, fish meal, alfalfa meal, dried buttermilk, dried skimmed milk, dried whey, ground oats, fortified cod liver oil, 2}4% limestone, Yi% salt, .01% manganese dioxide. Larro Egg Mash Wheat bran, yellow corn meal, wheat standard middlings, ground barley, meat and bone scraps, soybean oil meal, fish meal, alfalfa meal, dried buttermilk, dried skimmed milk, dried whey, ground oats, fortified cod liver oil, 2}o% limestone, Yi% salt, .01% manganese dioxide. Larro Turkey Builder Wheat standard middlings, yellow corn meal, ground barley, meat and bone scraps, fish meal, soybean oil meal, dried buttermilk, dried skimmed milk, dried whey, alfalfa meal, wheat bran, ground oats, fortified cod liver oil, 1}£% limestone, }-£% salt, .01% manganese dioxide. Larro Turkey Finisher Yellow corn meal, wheat standard middlings, wheat bran, meat and bone scraps, soybean oil meal, ground barley, ground oats, dried buttermilk, dried skimmed milk, dried whey, alfalfa meal, 2XA% limestone, XA% salt. Mansfield Coal & Grain Co. Manco Laying Mash Corn meal, ground oats, alfalfa meal, wheat middlings, wheat bran, gluten feed, soya bean meal, beef scraps, fish meal, dried milk, calcium carbonate, salt and cod liver oil. Mansfield Milling Co. Mansfield Chick-Growing Mash Vitamelk base, ground yellow corn, wheat bran, wheat middlings, red dog flour, alfalfa leaf meal, meat scraps, fish meal, feeding oatmeal, soy bean oil meal, charcoal, calcium carbonate 2%, salt 1%. Mansfield Chick Starter Vitamelk base, yellow corn meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, alfalfa leaf meal, bone meal, meat scraps, soy bean oil meal, calcium carbonate 1J^%, pulverized oats, salt }-£%. Mansfield Dry Poultry Mash Vitamelk base, yellow corn meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, alfalfa meal, meat scraps, pulverized oats, soy bean oil meal, corn gluten feed, bone meal, salt 1%, wheat red dog flour, calcium carbonate 2%. Mansfield Sweetened "20" Wheat bran, wheat midds, dried brewers' grains, cotton seed meal, corn gluten feed, corn meal, hominy, linseed oil meal, ground oats, cane molasses, edible bone meal, calcium car- bonate, salt. Maritime Milling Co., Inc. B-B Broiler Ration Cod liver oil, kelp meal, milk sugar feed, dried buttermilk, dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, wheat bran with mill run ground screenings, flour middlings, ground wheat, corn meal, pul- verized heavy oats, pulverized barley, ground oat meal, soya bean oil meal, corn gluten meal, meat and bone meal, fish meal, calcium carbonate, salt and potassium iodide. B-B Complete Chick Starter Ration Cod liver oil, kelp meal, milk sugar feed, dried buttermilk, dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, wheat middlings, wheat bran, ground wheat, corn gluten meal, corn meal, pulverized heavy oats, pulverized barley, soya bean oil meal, ground oat meal, meal and bone meal, fish meal, calcium carbonate, salt and potassium iodide. Sweetened B-B Bull Brand "20" Dairy Ration Dried brewers grains, cotton seed meal, corn gluten feed, soya bean oil meal, O. p. linseed oil meal, hominy feed, corn meal, wheat bran and wheat middlings with mill run ground screen- ings, molasses, steamed bone meal, calcium carbonate, s:ilt and potassium iodide. B-B Bull Brand Dry and Fresh Cow Fitting Ration Dried beet pulp, hominy feed, alfalfa meal, soya bean oil meal, crushed oafs, wheat bran with mill run ground screenings, o. p. linseed oil meal, corn gluten feed, molasses, steamed bone meal, calcium carbonate, sail and potassium iodide. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 53 B-B Flushing and Conditioning Mash Cod liver oil, milk sugar feed, dried buttermilk, dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, wheat middlings, corn meal, ground oat meal, soya bean oil meal, meat and bone meal, fish meal, calcium car- bonate, salt and potassium iodide. B-B Growing Mash Cod liver oil, milk sugar feed, dried buttermilk, dehydrated alfalfa meal, wheat bran and wheat middlings with mill run ground screenings, ground wheat, corn meal, pulverized heavy oats, pulverized barley, ground oat meal, soya bean oil meal, corn gluten meal, meat and bone meal, fish meal, calcium carbonate, salt and potassium iodide. B-B Layer & Breeder Mash Cod liver oil, liver meal, kelp meal, milk sugar feed, dried buttermilk, dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, wheat bran and wheat middlings with mill run ground screenings, soya bean oil meal, corn gluten meal, corn meal, pulverized heavy oats, pulverized barley, ground oat meal, meat and bone meal, fish meal, calcium carbonate, salt and potassium iodide. B-B Daisy Egg Mash Dried buttermilk, alfalfa meal, wheat bran and wheat middlings with mill run ground screen- ings, soya bean oil meal, corn gluten meal, corn meal, pulverized barley, pulverized oats, meat and bone meal, fish meal, calcium carbonate and salt, with or without cod liver oil. Hi-Test Dairy Feed 24% Pro. Sweetened Dried brewers grains, cotton seed meal, corn gluten feed, soya bean oil meal, hominy feed, corn meal, ground oats, cleaned, pulverized and bolted grain screenings, wheat bran, molasses' steamed bone meal, calcium carbonate and salt. Hi-Test Dairy Feed 20% Pro. Sweetened Dried brewers grains, cotton seed meal, corn gluten feed, soya bean oil meal, hominy feed, ground oats, corn meal, cleaned, pulverized and bolted grain screenings, wheat bran, molasses, steamed bone meal, calcium carbonate and salt. Marmico 16% Protein Dairy Feed Dried brewers' grains, soya bean oil meal, cotton seed meal, corn gluten feed, corn meal, cleaned, pulverized and bolted grain screenings, wheat bran, molasses, steamed bone meal, calcium carbonate and salt. Meadow Sweet Supplemental Dairy Feed Dried brewers' grains, molasses, beet pulp, corn meal, wheat bran, alfalfa meal, cleaned, pul- verized and bolted grain screenings, steamed bone meal, calcium carbonate and salt. Middlesex County Farm Bureau Association Farm Bureau Brand All Mash Developer Corn meal, wheat bran, flour middlings, ground oats, ground barley, alfalfa leaf meal, soybean oil meal 41%, dried skim milk, meat scraps 50%, fish meal 58%, oyster shell meal, sardine oil and cod liver oil, salt. Farm Bureau Brand All Mash Laying Yellow corn meal, wheat bran, standard middlings, ground oats, dried skim milk, alfalfa leaf meal, meat scraps 50%, fish meal 58%, oyster shell meal, sardine oil and cod liver oil, salt. Farm Bureau Brand Dairy Ration 24% Corn meal, ground oats, wheat bran, corn distiller's grain, cottonseed meal 41%, soybean meal 41%, corn gluten feed, linseed oil meal, cane molasses, oyster shell meal, salt. Farm Bureau Brand Dairy Ration 20% Corn meal, ground oats, wheat bran, corn distiller's grain, cottonseed meal 41%, soybean meal 41%, corn gluten feed, linseed oil meal, cane molasses, ground barley, oyster shell meal, salt. Farm Bureau Brand Dairy Ration 16% Corn meal, ground oats, wheat bran, corn distiller's grain, cottonseed meal 41%, soybean meal 41%, corn gluten feed, linseed oil meal, ground barley, cane molasses, oyster shell meal, salt. Farm Bureau Brand Developer Corn meal, ground oats, pulverized oats, wheat bran, soybean meal 41%, corn gluten meal, alfalfa leaf meal, standard middlings, flour middlings, meat scraps 50%, fish meal 58%, dried skim milk, oyster shell meal, sardine oil, cod liver oil, salt. Farm Bureau Brand Fattener Mash Yellow corn meal, corn oil meal, standard middlings, ground oat groats, dried skim milk, flour middlings, ground oats, soybean oil meal, salt. Farm Bureau Flushing Mash Corn meal, wheat bran, linseed oil meal (o.p.), dried skim milk, meat scraps, cod liver oil, salt. Farm Bureau Brand Laying Mash Corn meal, ground oats, wheat bran, soybean meal 41%, corn gluten meal, alfalfa leaf meal, sardine oil and cod liver oil, standard middlings, meat scraps 50%, fish meal 58%, ground barley, oyster shell meal, salt. Farm Bureau Brand Laying Mash 20% Corn meal, Xtrafine ground oats, wheat bran, soybean meal 41%, alfalfa leaf meal, flour middlings, me->t scraps 50%, fish meal 58%, dried skim milk, oyster shell flour, cod liver and sardine oil, salt. 54 CONTROL BULLETIN No. 94 Farm Bureau Brand Laying Mash 1 " Corn meal, ground oats, wheat bran, alfalfa leaf meal, flour middlings, meat scraps "- fish meal 55°^, dried skim milk, oyster shell meal, sardine oil and cod liver oil, salt. Farm Bureau Brand Starter & Broiler Corn meal, pulverized oats, wheat bran, corn gluten meal, alfalfa leaf meal, standard middlings, meat scraps 50^, flour middlings, fish meal oS^, dried skim milk, ground oat groats, oyster shell meal, sardine oil. cod liver oil, salt. Geo. Q- Moon & Co., Inc. Moon's Growing Ma>h 31 .7:dard middlings, wheat bran iwith ground screenings not to exceed mill run , white wheat middlings, pulverized oats, corn meal, hominy feed, meat scrap, fish meal, steamed bone meal, soybean oil meal, alfalfa meal, calcium carbonate, salt, cod liver oil, dried buttermilk, dried skim milk, manganese sulphate, and V.D. honey locust bean meal, aniseed, pure crushed flaxseed, dried albumen of milk, codfish residue meal, selected blood flour, cocoa, foenugreek seed, potassium iodide, cod liver oil, rice -.'. flour middlings, choice cottonseed meaL cocoanut oilcake meal, soybean oilcake meal, special steamed bone meal, linseed oil meal, salt i. Moon's Special A Laying Mash Hominy feed, corn meal, alfalfa meal, meat scrap, wheat bran , soybean oil meal, peanut oil meal, hominy feed, calcium carbonate, salt, molasses, babassu meal, palm kernel meaL U. S. 24^ Dairy Ration Corn gluten feed, rye distillers grains, corn distillers grains, hominy feed, corn meal, soybean oil meal, peanut oil meal, o. p. Unseed oil meal, cottonseed meal, alfalfa meal, wheat bran •a ground screenings not to exceed mill run), ground grain screenings, ground and bolted clipped oat by-product, cocoa bean residue meal, calcium carbonate, salt, molasses, ground barley, babassu meal, palm kernel meal. New England Retail Grain Dealers C o-operative Association, Inc. New England Quality ( hick Starter Meat meal, fish meal, blood flour meal, oatmeal, pulverized oats, yellow com meal, corn ho:: may contain mill run of screenings t, flour middlings, soybean meal, leaf alfalfa meal, skim or buttermilk, fortified cod liver oil, iodine salt, bone charcoal, iron sulphate, ster shell meal) (calcium carbor. . New England Quality 20 . Dairy Feed Choice cottonseed meal, o. p. linseed oil meal, gluten feed, 2&c*c corn distillers, soybean meal, ground wheat, wheat bran (may contain screenings), standard middlings, heavy ground oats, m meal, or corn hominy feed, choice malt sprouts, 24 % brewers grains, cane molasses, bone charcoal, iron sulphate, calcium carbonate, iodine salt. New England Quality Growing Mash Meat meal, fish meal, skim or buttermilk, fortified cod liver oil, yellow corn meal, 1 ground oats, ground barley, wheat bran (may contain screenings!, soybean oil meal, choice alfalfa meal, flour middlings, oatmeal, iodine salt, bone charcoal, iron sulphate, (oyster shell meal) (.calcium carbor. New England Yankee 20 I>airy Ration - trains, choice malt sprouts, corn gluten feed, o. p. linseed oil meal, corn feed meal or hominy, wheat br.. I I iin screenings', dried brewers' grains, choice cotton- seed meal, soybean oil meal, cane molasses, salt, iodine, calcium carbonate. Ne» England Yankee Egg Mash Meat meal, fish meal, soybean oil meal, corn gluten meal, skim or buttermilk, dried - o. p. linseed oil meal, yellow corn meal, wheat bran (may contain screenings), pulverized oats, wheat flour midds, choice alfalfa, ground barley, salt, iodine, calcium carbonate, U.S. P. cod liver oil, steam bone meal. Ogden Grain Co. •Biddy" Laying Ma*h Alfalfa meal, pulverized oats, meat scraps, fish meal, dried skim milk, soyabean oil meal, corn meal, ground wheat, wheat bran, wheat middlings (may contain mill run scree nil sah D meal, cod liver oil, potassium iodide. Gloverbloom 24 % Dairy Feed Gluten meal, gluten feed, soyabean oil meal, corn meal I wheat bran, cotton seed meal, ground oats, oat feed (oat shorts, oat hulls, oat middlings), calcium carbonate, cane molasses, salt. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 53 Pilgrim All Purpose Complete Ration Alfalfa meal, pulverized oats, meat scraps, dried buttermilk, fish meal, corn meal, wheat middlings, wheat flour middlings imay contain screenings not exceeding mill run), bone meal, cod liver oil, calcium carbonate, Kelco meal, potassium iodide. Pilgrim "Cackle" 201^ Layer — Breeder Dried skim milk, alfalfa meal, pulverized oats, meat scraps, fish meal, gluten meal, corn meal, soya bean oil meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, oyster shell meal, cod liver oil, salt, potassium iodide and Vitadine. Pilgrim Chick and Broiler Ration Alfalfa leaf meal, fish meal, meat meal, dried ski mmilk, corn meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, gluten meal, flour middlings, pulverized oats, soya bean oil meal, cod liver oil, potassium iodide, calcium carbonate, salt, Vitadine. Pilgrim Complete Ration Alfalfa leaf meal, meat scraps, fish meal, corn meal, ground oats, wheat bran, wheat middlings, calcium carbonate, cod Liver oil, salt, potassium iodide, and Vitadine. Pilgrim Growing Mash Alfalfa meal, dried skim milk, meat scraps, fish meal, wheat middlings, wheat bran, pulverized oats, corn meal, calcium carbonate, salt, cod liver oil, potassium iodide. Pilgrim Special Laying Mash Alfalfa meal, pulverized oats, meat scraps, fish meal, dried skim milk, soyabean oil meal, corn meal, ground wheat, wheat bran, wheat middlings (.may contain mill run screenings), salt, oyster shell meal, cod liver oil, molasses, potassium iodide. Thrift 20' ; Dairy Feed Soybean oil meal, corn gluten feed, old process linseed oil meal, gluten meal, corn meal, low fibre ground oat i meal, standard wheat bran, standard wheat middlings, ground wheat screenings, molasses, calcium carbonate, salt, potassium iodide. Park & Pollard Co. Bidwell 20 % Dairy Ration Wheat bran, linseed oil meal, malt sprouts, gluten feed, ground oats, gluten meal, soybean oil meal, ground barley, cottonseed meal, ground grain screenings from wheat, oats, barley, buckwheat and milo; molasses, calcium carbonate and salt. Bidwell Growing Feed Dried buttermilk, corn meal, alfalfa meal, ground oats, ground wheat, meat, bone, corn gluten meal, ground buckwheat, wheat bran (may contain mill run wheat screenings), wheat middlings, BOybean oil meal, ground barley, fish meal, calcium carbonate, salt and vitamin tested cod liver oil. Bidwell Laying Mash Dried buttermilk, alfalfa meal, corn meal, wheat bran (may contain mill run wheat screenings'), wheat middlings. Bah meal, meat, bone, linseed oil meal, corn gluten meal, soybean oil meal, calcium carbonate, salt and ground: «! rley. kaffir corn and buckwheat: vitamin tested cod liver oil. Bulky-Sweet Dairy Feed Beet pulp, brewer-' dried grains, wheat bran, hominy, ground barley, alfalfa meal, mol calcium carbonate and salt. Doubles 24' , Dairy Ration Wheat bran, linseed oil meal, soybean oil meal, ground oats, malt sprouts, corn gluten meal, cottonseed meal, corn gluten feed, ground grain screenings from wheat, oats, barley, buck- wheat and milo: molasses, calcium carbonate and salt. Doubles 20"; Dairy Ration I.inseed oil meal, corn gluteu feed, brewers' dried grains, ground oats, corn gluten meal, soy- bean oil meal, corn distillers' grains, ground barley, wheat bran, malt sprouts, cottonseed meal, ground grain screenings from wheat, oats, barley, buckwheat and milo: molasses, calcium carbonate and salt. Lay or Bust Dry-Mash Dried buttermilk, alfalfa leaf meal, corn gluten meal. Iodol fish meal, meat, bone, linseed oil meal, soybean oil meal, wheat bran (may contain mill run wheat screening, wheat middlings, calcium carbonate, salt, ground: corn, wheat, oats, barley, kaffir corn and buckwheat; vitamin tested cod liver oil. Manamar Doubles 20*^ Dairy Ration Kelp, Pacific Coast fish meal, marine sea shells, linseed oil meal, corn gluten feed, brewer-' dried grains, ground oats, corn gluten meal, soybean oil meal, ground barley, corn distillers' grains, wheat bran, malt sprouts, cottonseed meal, ground grain screenings from wheat, oats, barley, buckwheat and milo; molasses, calcium carbonate and salt. Manamar Lay or Bust Dry-Mash Kelp, Pacific Coast fish meal and marine sea shells, dried buttermilk, alfalfa leaf meal, corn gluten meal, meat, bone, linseed oil meal, soybean oil meal, wheat bran (may contain mill run wheat screenings), wheat middlings, calcium carbonate, salt, ground: corn, wheat, oats, barley, kaffir corn and buckwheat; vitamin tested cod liver oil. Manamar Life Cycle Mash Kelp, Pacific Coast fish meal and marine sea shells, meat scrap, wheat bran (may contain mill run wheat screenings), wheat middlings, soybean oil meal, alfalfa leaf meal, corn gluten meal, dried buttermilk, ground: yellow corn, oats, wheat, barley and buckwheat: vitamin tested cod liver oil, manganese sulphate. 56 CONTROL BULLETIN No. 94 Milkmaid 24% Sweetened Dairy Ration Corn gluten feed, linseed oil meal, cottonseed meal, ground barley, corn distillers' dried grains, soybean oil meal, wheat bran, brewers' dried grains, malt sprouts, corn gluten meal, corn meal, molasses, calcium carbonate and salt. Milkmaid 20% Dairy Ration Corn gluten feed, linseed oil meal, cottonseed meal, ground barley, corn distillers' dried grains, soybean oil meal, ground oats, wheat bran, brewers' dried grains, malt sprouts, corn gluten meal, corn meal, cane molasses, calcium carbonate and salt. Milkmaid 209c Dairy Ration with Manamar Kelp, Pacific Coast fish meal and marine sea shells, corn- gluten feed, linseed oil meal, cotton- seed meal, ground barley, corn distillers' dried grains, soybean oil meal, ground oats, wheat bran, brewers' dried grains, malt sprouts, corn gluten meal, corn meal, cane molasses, calcium carbonate and salt. Park & Pollard Breeder Mash Yellow corn meal, pulverized oats, alfalfa leaf meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, meat scrap, fish meal, old process linseed oil meal, corn gluten meal, soybean oil meal, dried buttermilk, dried whey, vitamin tested cod liver oil, calcium carbonate and salt. Park & Pollard Chick Starter Dried buttermilk, ground: corn, wheat, oats, barley, oat meal; Iodol fish meal, meat scrap, wheat bran, wheat middlings, corn gluten meal, soybean oil meal, alfalfa leaf meal, calcium carbonate, salt, vitamin tested cod liver oil, manganese sulphate. Park & Pollard Fleshing Pellets Yellow corn meal, ground barley, ground oats, dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, meat scrap, wheat bran (may contain mill run wheat screenings), wheat middlings, linseed oil meal, gluten feed, molasses, dried buttermilk, calcium carbonate and cod liver oil. Park & Pollard Starter & Broiler Mash Ground yellow corn, wheat bran, wheat flour middlings, pulverized oats, fish meal, meat scrap, corn gluten meal, soybean oil meal, alfalfa leaf meal, calcium carbonate, salt, dried skim milk, vitamin tested cod liver oil, manganese sulphate. Park & Pollard Turkey Grower Yellow corn meal, ground barley, dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, ground oats, meat scrap, wheat bran, wheat middlings, corn gluten meal, soybean oil meal, dried buttermilk, dried skim milk, calcium carbonate, salt and vitamin tested cod liver oil. George H. Parker Grain Co. Parker's Egg Mash Yellow corn meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, ground oats, dried skim milk, meat scraps, fish meal, alfalfa leaf meal, soy bean meal, edible bone meal, calcium carbonate, charcoal, vitamin tested cod liver oil and salt. Parker's Special Dairy Ration Wheat bran, yellow corn meal, hominy, old process linseed meal, soy bean meal, oat feed, corn gluten feed, cottonseed meal, molasses, calcium carbonate, steamed bone meal, and salt. Phaneuf & Son O-Boy All Mash Starter Fish meal, soybean oil meal, meat scraps, milk sugar feed, or dried whey (feeding), corn gluten meal, standard wheat middlings, wheat bran, cocoanut oil meal, liver meal, alfalfa leaf meal, ground oat meal, ground yellow corn, charcoal, essential minerals (calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, calcium sulphate, iron sulphate, sulphur, iodine, and salt), cod liver oil. O-Boy Egg Mash Ground yellow meal and ground oats, fish meal, soybean oil meal, meat scraps, milk sugar feed, or dried whey (feeding), corn gluten meal, standard wheat midldlngs, wheat bran, cocoanut oil meal, liver meal, alfalfa leaf meal, essential minerals (calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, calcium sulphate, iron sulphate, sulphur, iodine, and salt), cod liver oil. O-Boy Grower Ground yellow meal and ground oats, fish meal, soybean oil meal, meat scraps, milk sugar feed, or dried whey (feeding), corn gluten meal, standard wheat middlings, wheat bran, cocoanut oil meal, liver meal, alfalfa leaf meal, essential minerals (calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, calcium sulphate, iron sulphate, sulphur, iodine, and salt), cod liver oil. W. N. Potter Grain Stores, Inc. A. D. P. 24% Dairy Ration Ground corn, hominy, cotton seed meal, corn gluten meal, wheat bran, ground oats, oilmeal, calcium carbonate, bone meal and salt. Potter's Sweetened Dairy Ration Gluten feed, hominy, linseed oilmeal, ground oats, wheat bran, standard wheat middlings, cotton seed meal, corn distillers' grains, molasses, calcium carbonate, bone meal and salt. H. C. Puffer Co. Egg-Em-On Growing Feed Corn feed meal, corn gluten feed, ground barley, feeding oatmeal, soy bean meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, meat scraps, fish meal, dried milk, alfalfa meal, cod liver oil, salt, calcium carbonate. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 57 Egg-Em-On Laying Mash Dried milk, dried fish, meat scraps, wheat bran and wheat middlings (not exceeding mill run of screenings), corn feed meal, corn gluten feed, feeding oatmeal, soy bean meal, linseed meal, alfalfa meal, cod liver oil, small percentage salt and calcium carbonate. Egg-Em-On Starting & Broiler Mash Corn meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, red dog middlings, ground oat groats, dried milk (skim or buttermilk), alfalfa leaf meal, fish meal, meat scraps, dicalcium phosphate, cod liver oil, oyster shell meal and salt. Producer Dairy Feed Linseed oil meal, cotton seed meal, corn gluten feed, soy bean meal, ground oats, corn feed meal or hominy meal, wheat bran and wheat middlings (not exceeding mill run of screenings), small percentage salt and calcium carbonate. Sweetened Producer Dairy Feed Linseed oil meal, cotton seed meal, corn gluten feed, soy bean meal, corn feed meal or hominy meal, wheat bran (not exceeding mill run of screenings), oat feed, molasses, small percentage salt and calcium carbonate. Quaker Oats Co. Big Egg All Mash Starter— Grower Yellow hominy feed, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, ground oats, fish meal, cod liver meal, meat scraps, fortified sardine oil, dried buttermilk, molasses, alfalfa meal, % of 1% salt. Ful-O-Pep Egg-Breeder Mash Oatmeal, hominy feed, yellow hominy feed, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, barley meal, fish meal, cod liver meal, meat scraps, fortified sardine oil, dried whey, dried buttermilk, molasses, alfalfa meal, % of 1% salt. Ful-O-Pep Turkey Grower Oatmeal, hominy feed, yellow hominy feed, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, barley meal, fish meal, cod liver meal, meat scraps, fortified sardine oil, dried whey, dried buttermilk, molasses, alfalfa meal, % of 1% salt. Quaker 20% Protein Dairy Ration Hominy feed, yellow hominy feed, barley feed, cottonseed meal, corn distillers' grains, corn gluten feed, soybean oil meal, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, oat mill feed (oat hulls, oat shorts, oat middlings), % of 1% salt, 1% iodized ground limestone, 1% bone meal, molasses. Quaker 16% Protein Dairy Ration Hominy feed, yellow hominy feed, barley feed, cottonseed meal, soybean oil meal, corn gluten feed, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, ground oat screenings, oat mill feed (oat hulls, oat shorts, oat middlings), ;i t of 1% salt, 1% iodized ground limestone, 1% bone meal, molasses. Ralston Purina Co. Purina Broiler Chow Pur-A-Tene (carotene), cod liver oil, sardine oil, meat scrap, fish meal, soy bean oil meal, dried buttermilk, dried whey, alfalfa leaf meal, corn meal, ground oats, wheat middlings (standard), wheat bran, alfalfa meal, 1*2% calcium carbonate (limestone), l/2% iodized salt. Purina Chick Growena Pur-A-Tene (carotene), cod liver oil, sardine oil, meat scrap, fish meal, soy bean oil meal, wheat germ, dried buttermilk, dried ivhey, alfalfa meal, corn meal, beet pulp, wheat middlings (grey), wheat bran, \\% iodized salt. Purina Growing Chow Pur-A-Tene (carotene), cod liver oil, sardine oil, meat scrap, fish meal, soy bean oil meal, wheat germ, dried buttermilk, dried whey, corn germ meal, wheat middlings (grey), wheat bran, alfalfa meal, corn meal, 39? calcium carbonate (limestone), 1' ', iodized salt. 58 CONTROL BULLETIN No. 94 Purina Lay Chow Pur-A-Tene (carotene), cod liver oil, sardine oil, meat scrap, soy bean oil meal, fish meal, alfalfa meal, dried buttermilk, dried whey, corn germ meal, wheat middlings (standard), wheat bran, corn meal, ground oats, 1% iodized salt, 3% calcium carbonate (limestone). Purina Layena (Complete Ration) Pur-A-Tene (carotene), cod liver oil, sardine oil, meat scrap, ground oats, fish meal, soy bean oil meal, alfalfa meal, dried buttermilk, dried whey, wheat middlings (standard), beet pulp, corn meal, J^% iodized salt, 4% calcium carbonate (limestone). Purina Milk Chow (for Dairy Cows) Soy bean oil meal, cottonseed meal, distillers' corn dried grains, corn gluten feed, crushed oats, corn meal, wheat middlings (standard), alfalfa meal, wheat bran, brewers' dried grains, molasses, 2% calcium carbonate (limestone), 1% iodized salt. Purina Milking Cow Chow (24%) Linseed meal, soy bean oil meal, corn gluten feed, cottonseed meal, distillers' corn dried grains, brewers' dried grains, wheat middlings (standard), wheat bran, alfalfa meal, molasses, 2% calcium carbonate (limestone), 1% iodized salt. Purina Milking Cow Chow (20%) Dried beet pulp, linseed meal, soy bean oil meal, corn gluten feed, cottonseed meal, distillers' corn dried grains, brewers' dried grains, wheat middlings (standard), wheat bran, corn meal, alfalfa meal, molasses, 2% calcium carbonate (limestone), 1% iodized salt. Purina Milking Cow Chow (16%) Linseed meal, soy bean oil meal, corn gluten feed, crushed oats, ground barley, cottonseed meal, distillers' corn dried grains, brewers' dried grains, wheat middlings (standard), wheat bran, corn meal, alfalfa meal, dried beet pulp, molasses, 2% calcium carbonate (limestone), 1% iodized salt. Purina Turkey Breeder Chow Pur-A-Tene (carotene), cod liver oil, sardine oil, meat scrap, fish meal, ground oats, dried buttermilk, dried whey, alfalfa leaf meal, corn meal, wheat middlings (grey), alfalfa meal, soy bean oil meal, wheat bran, 3% calcium carbonate (limestone), 1% iodized salt. Purina Turkey Growena Pur-A-Tene (carotene), meat scrap, soy bean oil meal, alfalfa meal, dried buttermilk, dried whey, corn meal, wheat middlings (grey), wheat bran, corn gluten meal, H% iodized salt. Purina Turkey Growing Chow Pur-A-Tene (carotene), meat scrap, soy bean oil meal, alfalfa meal, dried buttermilk, dried whey, corn meal, wheat middlings (standard), wheat bran, H% iodized salt. D. F. Riley Riley's Chick & Broiler Ration Corn meal, wheat bran, flour middlings, dried skim milk, beef scraps, oil meal, feeding oat- meal, ground limestone, alfalfa leaf meal, salt, XX cod liver oil. Riley's 20% Dairy Ration Gluten feed, wheat middlings, Unseed oil, soy bean oil meal, 41% cottonseed meal, wheat bran, dried brewer grains, corn meal or hominy, bone meal, salt. Riley's Growing Mash Yellow corn meal, wheat bran, flour middlings, dried skim milk, oil meal, ground oats, ground lime stone, bone meal, cod liver oil. Riley's Laying Mash Wheat middlings, wheat bran, yellow corn meal, gluten feed, ground oats, beef scraps, fish meal, dried skim milk, o. p. oil meal, alfalfa leaf meal, calcium carbonate, salt, fortified cod liver oil. Edward Roy Roy's Chick Starter & Grower Wheat bran, wheat middlings, pulverized oats, yellow corn meal, meat scraps, fish meal, soybean oil meal, dehydrated alfalfa meal, dried milk, fortified sardine oil, calcium carbonate, salt. Roy's Hen Mash Wheat bran, wheat middlings, pulverized oats, yellow corn meal, meat scraps, fish meal, soybean oil meal, dehydrated alfalfa meal, dried milk, fortified sardine oil, calcium carbonate, salt. Ryther & Warren Blue Tag Dairy Ration 41 per cent cottonseed meal, soy bean oil meal, corn gluten feed, hominy feed (or corn meal), pure wheat bran, wheat middlings, ground oats, corn distillers' grains, dried beet pulp, calcium carbonate and salt. Minot Chick Mash Corn meal, wheat bran (pure), flour middlings, ground oat meal, meat scraps 50% pro., fish meal 00% pro., powdered milk, alfalfa leaf meal, corn gluten meal, shell flour, .salt, and fortified cod liver oil. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 59 Minot Complete Laying Mash .-,.,- Corn meal, pure wheat bran, wheat middlings, ground oats, ground barley, alfalfa leaf meal, meat scraps, fish meal, dried milk, cod liver meal, shell meal and salt. Minot Growing Mash Corn meal, pure bran, wheat middlings, ground oats, ground barley, com gluten meal, soy bean oil meal, alfalfa leaf meal, meat scraps, fish meal, salt, oyster shell meal and fortified cod liver oil. Minot Milk Egg Mash Corn meal, pure bran, flour middlings, ground oats, meat scraps 50% pro., fish meal 60% pro., alfalfa leaf meal, powdered milk, corn gluten meal, shell flour, salt and fortified cod liver oil. Minot Poultry Mash Wheat bran, wheat middlings, red dog middlings, corn meal, gluten feed, alfalfa meal, ground oats, meat scraps, fish meal, shell meal and salt. Minot Special Dairy Ration Wheat bran, ground oats, gluten feed, cottonseed meal 41%, soy bean meal, hominy feed or corn meal, corn distillers' grains, dried brewers' grains, calcium carbonate and salt. St. Albans Grain Co. Hygrade 24 Milk Ration Old process linseed meal, soybean oil meal, cottonseed meal, corn gluten meal, corn gluten feed, brewers' dried grains, yellow corn meal, hominy feed, ground oats, ground barley, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, cane molasses, calcium carbonate and salt. Utility 20 Dairy Ration Old process linseed meal, soybean oil meal, cottonseed meal, corn gluten feed, brewers' dried grains, yellow corn meal, hominy feed, ground oats, ground barley, oat mill feed (oat hulls, oat shorts and oat middlings), wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, cane molasses, calcium carbonate and salt. ity 16 Dairy Ration Old process linseed meal, cottonseed meal, corn gluten meal, corn gluten feed, brewers' dried grains, yellow corn meal, hominy feed, ground oats, ground barley, oat mill feed (oat hulls, oat shorts and oat middlings), wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, cane molasses, calcium Utility 16 Dairy Ration Old process linseed n grains, yellow corn n oat shorts and oat m carbonate and salt. Wirthmore 25 Balanced Ration Old process linseed meal, soybean oil meal, cottonseed meal, corn gluten meal, corn gluten feed, corn distillers' dried grains, yellow corn meal, ground oats, ground barley, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, cane molasses, steamed bone meal and salt. Wirthmore Breeder Mash Fortified cod liver oil, dried skimmed milk, dried whey, liver meal, meat scraps, fish meal, soybean oil meal, corn gluten meal, dehydrated alfalfa meal, yellow corn meal, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, pulverized oats, ground barley, calcium carbonate, manganese sulphate and salt. Wirthmore Complete Chick Starter and Broiler Ration Fortified cod liver oil, dried skimmed milk, dried whey, meat scraps, fish meal, soybean oil meal, corn gluten meal, alfalfa leaf meal, yellow corn meal, wheat bran, wheat standard mid- dlings, ground oat groats, calcium carbonate, manganese sulphate and salt. Wirthmore Complete Egg Ration Fortified cod liver oil, dried skimmed milk, dried whey, meat scraps, fish meal, soybean oil meal, corn gluten meal, dehydrated alfalfa meal, yellow corn meal, ground wheat, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, ground oats, ground barley, calcium carbonate and salt. Wirthmore Complete Growing Ration Fortified cod liver oil, dried skimmed milk, dried whey, meat scraps, fish meal, soybean oil meal, corn gluten meal, dehydrated alfalfa meal, yellow corn meal, ground wheat, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, ground oats, ground barley, calcium carbonate and salt. Wirthmore Complete Laying Ration Fortified cod liver oil, dried skimmed milk, dried whey, liver meal, meat scraps, fish meal, dehydrated alfalfa meal, yellow corn meal, ground wheat, wheat bran, wheat standard mid- dlings, ground oats, oat groats, calcium carbonate and salt. Wirthmore 20 Dairy Ration Fortified cod liver oil, old process linseed meal, soybean oil meal, cottonseed meal, corn gluten meal, corn gluten feed, corn distillers' dried grains, yellow corn meal, ground oats, ground barley, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, cane molasses, steamed bone meal and salt. Wirthmore 16 Dairy Ration Fortified cod liver oil, old process linseed meal, soybean oil meal, cottonseed meal, corn gluten meal, corn gluten feed, corn distillers' dried grains, yellow corn meal, hominy feed, ground oats, ground barley, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, cane molasses, steamed bone meal, calcium carbonate and salt. Wirthmore Fleshing Pellets Fortified cod liver oil, dried skimmed milk, dried whey, meat scraps, soybean oil meal, corn oil meal, dehydrated alfalfa meal, yellow corn meal, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, pulverized oats, pulverized barley, calcium carbonate, salt and cane molasses. 60 CONTROL BULLETIN No. 94 Wirthmore Fleshing & Fattening Mash Fortified cod liver oil, dried skimmed milk, dried whey, meat scraps, yellow corn meal, hominy feed, ground wheat, wheat standard middlings, wheat red dog, pulverized oats, feeding oat meal and pulverized barley. Wirthmore Growing Mash Fortified cod liver oil, dried skimmed milk, dried whey, meat scraps, fish meal, soybean oil meal, dehydrated alfalfa meal, yellow corn meal, wheat bran, wheat standard rniddlings, ground oats, ground barley, calcium carbonate and salt. Wirthmore Laying Mash Fortified cod liver oil, dried skimmed milk, dried whey, meat scraps, fish meal, soybean oil meal, corn gluten meal, dehydrated alfalfa meal, yellow corn meal, ground wheat, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, ground oats, ground barley, calcium carbonate and salt. Wirthmore Laying Pellets Fortified cod liver oil, dried skimmed milk, dried whey, meat scraps, fish meal, soybean oil meal, dehydrated alfalfa meal, yellow corn meal, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, pulverized oats, pulverized barley, calcium carbonate and salt. Wirthmore 32% Ration Old process linseed meal, soybean oil meal, cottonseed meal, corn gluten meal, corn gluten feed, corn distillers' dried grains, wheat bran, cane molasses, steamed bone meal, calcium carbonate and salt. Wirthmore Record Ration Old process linseed meal, soybean oil meal, corn gluten meal, corn distillers' dried grains, yellow corn meal, hominy feed, crimped oats, ground oats, ground barley, dried beet pulp, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, cane molasses, fish meal, steamed bone meal and salt. Wirthmore Turkey Breeder Ration Fortified cod liver oil, dried skimmed milk, dried whey, meat scraps, fish meal, soybean oil meal, corn gluten meal, dehydrated alfalfa meal, yellow corn meal, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, ground oats, ground barley, calcium carbonate and salt. Wirthmore Turkey Fattening Ration Dried skimmed milk, dried whey, meat scraps, soybean oil meal, corn gluten meal, alfalfa leaf meal, yellow corn meal, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, wheat red dog, ground oats, ground barley, calcium carbonate and salt. Wirthmore Turkey Growing Ration Fortified cod liver oil, dried skimmed milk, dried whey, meat scraps, fish meal, soybean oil meal, corn gluten meal, alfalfa leaf meal, yellow corn meal, wheat bran, wheat standard mid- dlings, wheat red dog, ground oats, ground barley, calcium carbonate and salt. Mrs. Annie P. Smith Pentucket Laying Mash Meal, wheat bran, wheat flour middlings, feeding oat meal, 50% meat scraps, 52% fish meal, leaf alfalfa meal, edible bone meal, charcoal, calcite flour, salt. Smith-Bodfish-Swift Co. Paramount Mash Fortified cod liver oil, meat scraps, fish meal, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, alfalfa meal, steamed bone meal, feeding oat meal, hominy feed, yellow corn meal, calcium carbonate, salt. Squier & Co. Squiers Buttermilk Egg Mash Dried buttermilk, meat, scrap, fish meal, bone meal, corn gluten feed, alfalfa meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, corn meal, ground oats, soyabean oil meal, calcium phosphate and salt. C. H. Symmes & Co. The Ideal Dairy Ration Wheat middlings, wheat bran, brewers' grains, cottonseed meal, linseed meel, gluten meal, gluten feed, corn meal, or white hominy, molasses, salt, bone meal, calcium carbonate, ground barley. Tioga Mills, Inc. Tasty Laying Food Dried skim milk, vacuum dried fish meal, meat and bone scrap, soybean oil meal, corn meal, wheat middlings, wheat bran, alfalfa leaf meal, corn gluten meal, salt, cod liver oil, pulverized oats, Colloidaltine (a mineral compound composed of calcium carbonate and the phosphates of calcium, iodine, iron, copper, manganese, sulphur, and 12 other rare minerals, all in colloidal form). (Wheat bran and wheat middlings may contain ground screenings not exceeding mill run.) United Cooperative Farmers, Inc. United Farmers Growing Mash Coarse No. 2 yellow corn meal, wheat bran, wheat flour midds, pulverized 38# white oats, meat scraps 50%, fish meal 55%, drieil skim milk, gluten teed, alfalfa leal meal, oyster shell flour, high grade cod liver oil, suit. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 61 United Farmers Milk Egg Mash No. 2 yellow meal — attrition, standard wheat bran, wheat flour midds, pure pulv. oats (no. 2-3S lb. clipped-unsul.), meat, scraps 50%, fish meal 55%, alfalfa leaf meal, dried skim milk, oyster shell meal, high grade cod liver oil, salt. United Farmers Milkmaker Choice cottonseed 41%, o. p. linseed oil meal, hominy feed or corn meal, gluten feed, ground oats, ground barley, corn distillers' grains, bran (standard or pure), soya bean meal, steamed bone meal, calcium carbonate, salt. United Farmers Starting Mash No. 2 yellow corn meal- — attrition, wheat flour middlings, standard wheat bran, feeding oat- meal, pure dried skim milk, meat scraps 50%, pure fish meal 55%, alfalfa leaf meal, oyster shell meal, salt, high grade cod liver oil. Unity Feeds, Inc. Life Saver 20% Dairy Ration Soybean oil meal, corn gluten feed, cottonseed meal, wheat and wheat bran processed, ground oats, oat mill feed (oat hulls, oat shorts, oat middlings), ground corn, molasses, calcium carbonate and salt. Paycheck 20% Dairy Ration Distillers' dried grains, corn gluten feed, soya bean oil meal, wheat and wheat bran processed, cottonseed meal, palm kernel meal, ground corn, ground oats, molasses, calcium carbonate and salt. Paycheck Laying Af ash Dried buttermilk, vitamin tested cod liver oil, alfalfa meal, corn meal, ground wheat, ground oats, wheat bran, wheat middlings, fish meal, meat scraps, linseed oil meal, soya bean meal, calcium carbonate and salt. Unity Chick Starter Dried buttermilk, vitamin tested cod liver oil, corn meal, ground wheat, ground barley, ground oats, oat meal, fish meal, meat scraps, wheat bran, wheat middlings, alfalfa leaf meal, calcium carbonate and salt. Unity 20% Dairy Ration Corn gluten feed, linseed oil meal, brewers' dried grains, soya bean meal, cottonseed meal, distillers' dried grains, malt sprouts, palm kernel meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, corn meal, fish meal, molasses, calcium carbonate and salt. Unity Growing Mash Dried buttermilk, vitamin tested cod liver oil, alfalfa leaf meal, fish meal, meat scraps, linseed oil meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, soya bean meal, ground oats, ground wheat, corn meal, calcium carbonate and salt. Unity Laying Mash Dried buttermilk, vitamin tested cod liver oil, alfalfa leaf meal, soya bean meal, fish meal, meat scraps, linseed oil meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, ground oats, ground wheat, corn meal, calcium carbonate and salt. Arthur Ventura Grain Co. Ventura's Starter Wheat bran, wheat middlings, corn meal, feeding oat meal, pulverized oats, dried skim milk, fish meal, beef scraps, alfalfa leaf meal, calcium carbonate, charcoal, salt, and Exadol. Vitality Mills, Inc. Vitality 20% Dairy Ration Distillers grains, soybean oil meal, cottonseed meal, wheat bran, corn gluten feed, ground yellow corn, ground oats, corn gluten meal, cane molasses, bone meal, calcium carbonate, salt. Vitality Homestead Egg Mash Dried buttermilk, meat scraps, soybean oil meal, fine ground alfalfa meal, corn gluten feed, yellow corn meal, wheat standard middlings, wheat bran, ground oats, bone meal, 2% calcium carbonate (from limestone), 1% salt, cod liver oil. C. P. Washburn Co. "Made Right" Balanced Ration Cottonseed meal, linseed oil meal, corn gluten, wheat bran, corn meal, oat feed, beet pulp, charcoal, calcium carbonate, salt, bone meal, ground oats, soya bean meal, brewers' grain, calcium phosphate, iodine, manganese. "Made Right" Complete Broiler Ration Fortified cod liver oil, whey and dried milk powder, corn meal, bran, middlings, wheat germ, oat meal, high grade meat scraps, fish meal, ground wheat, soya bean meal, gluten, alfalfa leaf meal, molasses, calcium carbonate, charcoal, salt, minerals, iron oxide, iodine, manganese. "Made Right" Complete Layer Fortified cod liver oil, whey and dried milk powder, corn meal, bran, middlings, wheat germ, oat meal, high grade meat scraps, fish meal, ground wheat, soya bean meal, gluten, alfalfa leaf meal, molasses, calcium carbonate, charcoal, salt, minerals, iron oxide, iodine, manganese. "Made Right" 16% Dairy Feed Corn meal, ground oats, cottonseed meal, wheat bran, soya bean meal, gluten, molasses, bone meal, calcium carbonate, salt, brewers' grain, calcium phosphate, salt, manganese, iodine. 62 CONTROL BULLETIN No. 94 "Made Right" Dry Mash Corn meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, wheat germ, red dog, 2nd clear flour, gr. oat meal, linseed oil meal, gluten feed, soya bean meal, ground wheat, meat scraps, fish meal, whey and dried milk powder, alfalfa leaf meal, molasses, charcoal, calcium carbonate, salt, cod liver oil, calcium phosphate, minerals, iron oxide, iodine, manganese. "Made Right" Sweet Dairy Feed Corn meal, ground oats, cottonseed meal, linseed oil meal, wheat bran, soya bean meal, gluten, molasses, bone meal, calcium carbonate, salt, brewers' grain, manganese, iodine, calcium phosphate. H. K. Webster Co. Blue Seal All-Mash Growing Ration Coarse ground No. 2 yellow corn, ground barley, fine ground heavy oats, pure wheat bran, wheat flour middlings, high grade meat scraps, 55% codfish meal, dried skim milk, alfalfa leaf meal, corn gluten meal, P. R. cane molasses, calcium carbonate, salt, cod liver oil. Blue Seal Breeders' Mash Dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, dried skim milk with Lactoflavin supplement, pure natural cod liver oil, wheat germ oil, h. g. meat and liver meals, 55% fish meal, corn gluten meal, P. R. cane molasses, No. 2 yellow corn meal, pure wheat bran, wheat flour middlings, fine ground heavy oats, ground rolled oats, ground barley, salt, calcium carbonate. Blue Seal Broiler Ration Dried skim milk, h. g. meat scraps, 55% codfish meal, alfalfa leaf meal, corn gluten meal. No. 2 yellow corn meal, pure wheat bran, wheat flour middlings, fine ground heavy oats, P. R. cane molasses, calcium carbonate, salt, cod liver oil. Blue Seal Chick Builder High grade meat scraps, dried skim milk, 55% codfish meal, alfalfa leaf meal, corn gluten meal, yellow corn meal, pure wheat bran, pure wheat middlings, fine ground oats, P. R. cane molasses, calcium carbonate, salt, cod liver oil. Blue Seal Chick Starter Coarse ground No. 2 yellow corn, fine ground heavy oats, ground barley, corn gluten meal, pure wheat bran, wheat flour middlings, 60% h. g. meat scraps, 65% fish meal (vacuum process), dried skim milk, alfalfa leaf meal, calcium carbonate, salt, cod liver oil. Blue Seal "20" Dairy Ration Old process linseed oil meal, soy bean oil meal, ground oats, malt sprouts, corn oil meal, gluten feed, choice cottonseed meal, hominy feed, wheat bran, corn distillers' grains, dried brewers' grains, P. R. cane molasses, B. S. mineral mixture (white fish meal, edible bone meal, calcium carbonate, dicalcium phosphate, potassium iodide and salt). Blue Seal "18" Dairy Ration Fancy crimped oats, fancy ground oats, linseed oil meal (pea sized), soy bean oil meal (pea sized), rolled barley, hominy feed, wheat bran, corn oil meal, wheat middlings, P. R. cane molasses, B. S. mineral mixture (white fish meal, edible bone meal, calcium carbonate, di- calcium phosphate, potassium iodide and salt). Blue Seal Egg Mash Yellow corn meal, fine ground heavy oats, pure wheat bran, pure wheat middlings, h. g. meat scraps, dried skim milk, alfalfa leaf meal, P. R. cane molasses, gluten meal, calcium carbonate, salt, cod liver oil, 55% fish meal. Blue Seal Fleshing Pellets Yellow corn meal, corn oil meal, ground oat groats, fine ground oats, pure wheat middlings, soy bean oil meal, h. g. meat scraps, dried skim milk, P. R. cane molasses, calcium carbonate, salt, cod liver oil. Blue Seal Growing Mash Dried skim milk, h. g. meat scraps, 55% codfish meal, alfalfa leaf meal, corn gluten meal. No. 2 yellow corn meal, pure wheat bran, wheat flour middlings, fine ground heavy oats, ground barley, P. R. cane molasses, calcium carbonate, salt, cod liver oil. Blue Seal "Horn-Mis" 24% Dairy Ration Choice cottonseed meal, soy bean oil meal, corn oil meal, malt sprouts, corn gluten meal, oat feed, wheat bran, hominy feed, peanut skins, germs, and meal, linseed oil meal, dried brewers' grains, P. R. cane molasses, B. S. mineral mixture (white fish meal, edible bone meal, calcium carbonate, dicalcium phosphate, potassium iodide and salt). Blue Seal Improved All-Mash Ration Coarse ground No. 2 yellow corn, ground fancy wheat, fine ground heavy oats, pure wheat bran, wheat flour middlings, h. g. meat scraps, 55% codfish meal, dried skim milk, alfalfa leaf meal, P. R. cane molasses, calcium carbonate, salt, cod liver oil. Blue Seal Improved Balanced Ration Old process linseed oil meal, soy bean oil meal, ground oats, malt sprouts, corn gluten meal, choice cottonseed meal, hominy feed, wheat bran, corn distillers" grains, dried brewers' grains, corn oil meal, P. R. cane molasses, B. S. mineral mixture (white fish meal, edible bone meal, calcium carbonate, dicalcium phosphate, potassium iodide and salt). Blue Seal Laying Mash No. 2 yellow corn meal, pure wheat bran, fine ground heavy oats, h. g. meat scraps, corn gluten meal, wheat flour middlings, ground barley, ground fancy wheat, P. R. cane molasses, alfalfa leaf meal, dried skim milk, 5.V',' codfish meal, salt, calcium carbonate, cod liver oil. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 63 Blue Seal Special 20% Dairy Ration Choice cottonseed meal, soy bean oil meal, corn oil meal, malt sprouts, gluten feed, oat feed, wheat bran, hominy feed, peanut skins, germs, and meal, linseed oil meal, dried brewers' grains, corn distillers' grains, P. R. cane molasses, B. S. mineral mixture (white fish meal, edible bone meal, calcium carbonate, dicaleium phosphate, potassium iodide and salt). Est. M. G. Williams Williams' Balanced Ration Corn meal or hominy, linseed oil meal, cottonseed meal, ground oats, gluten feed, dried brewers' grains, wheat feed, soy bean meal, calcium carbonate and 1% salt. Williams' Chick Starter Corn meal, bran, middlings, feeding oatmeal, meat scraps, fish meal, leaf meal, dried whey or dried skim milk, calcium carbonate, salt and cod liver oil. Williams' Growing Mash Corn meal, bran, soy bean meal, ground oats, dried skim milk or dried whey, leaf meal, fish meal, meat scraps, calcium carbonate, salt and cod liver oil. Williams' Laying Mash Corn meal, bran, middlings, ground oats, meat scraps, fish meal, leaf meal, dried skim milk, or dried whey, calcium carbonate, salt and cod liver oil. Stanley Wood Grain Co. Bliss Dairy Ration Corn meal (or hominy), cottonseed meal, wheat bran, soybean meal, linseed meal, wheat middlings, gluten meal, gluten feed, table salt, edible bonemeal, calcium carbonate, (beet pulp). Preferred Complete Growing Ration Cod liver oil, dried skim milk, dried whey, Lactoflavin concentrate, dried fish meal, whole oat groats, meat scraps, alfalfa leaf meal, yellow corn meal, soybean oil meal, ground wheat, corn gluten feed, ground barley, wheat bran, wheat middlings, feeding oatmeal, calcium carbonate, salt. Preferred Complete Laying Mash Cod liver oil, dried whey, soybean oil meal, Lactoflavin concentrate, dried skim milk, dried fish meal, whole oat groats, meat scraps, alfalfa leaf meal, yellow corn meal, ground wheat, pulverized oats, wheat bran, wheat middlings, calcium carbonate, table salt, cod liver oil. Preferred Laying Mash Dried skim milk, dried whey, Lactoflavin concentrate, fish meal, meat scraps, alfalfa leaf meal, wheat bran, yellow corn meal, soybean meal, pulverized oats, feeding oatmeal, wheat middlings, salt, calcium carbonate, cod liver oil. Woods Dairy Ration Cottonseed meal, wheat middlings, yellow corn meal (or hominy), soybean meal, ground oats, old process linseed oil meal, corn gluten feed, dried beet pulp, wheat bran, salt, calcium car- bonate. Worcester Grain & Coal Co. Just Right Growing Mash Flour middlings, corn meal, wheat bran, feeding oat meal, dried skimmilk, alfalfa leaf meal, fish meal, meat scraps, oyster shell meal, salt, calcium phosphate, cod liver oil. Just Right Laying-Mash Dried skimmilk, corn meal, flour middlings, standard bran, meat scraps, ground oats, fish meal, alfalfa leaf meal, soy bean meal, oyster shell meal, 1% salt, 1% calcium carbonate, cod liver oil. Average Analyses of Unmixed By-Products (Collected between September 1, 1937, and April 1, 1938) Nitro- Num- Water Protein Fat gen Fiber Ash ber (Per- (Per- (Per- Free (Per- (Per- of cent) cent) cent) Extract cent) cent) Samples < Per- cent) Cottonseed Meal . 32 8.2 40.9 6.6 27.9 10.3 6.1 Linseed Meal 15 10.0 34.7 5.7 36.0 7.8 5.8 Soy Bean Meal 15 10. e 42.9 4.8 30.3 5.2 6.2 Gluten Meal .... 8 10.1 44.0 2.7 39.5 2.5 1.2 Gluten Feed .... 11 13.1 25.9 2.0 45.6 6.9 6.5 Distillers Dried Grains 14 7.6 28.6 9.1 40.9 11.1 2.7 Brewers Dried Grains . 11 7.4 26.2 6.3 41.4 15.2 3.5 Wheat Standard Middlings 17 12.4 17.1 4.5 54.3 7.0 4.7 Wheat Flour Middlings 7 11.6 16.3 4.1 59.2 5.1 3.7 Red Dog Flour 11 12.1 16.1 3.3 64.4 2.0 2.1 Wheat Mixed Feed 36 12.6 16.6 4.1 55.6 6.4 4.7 Wheat Bran .... 51 12.9 16.0 4.1 52.0 9.1 5.9 Corn Meal .... 25 15.1 9.1 4.3 68.1 1.9 1.5 Ground Oats .... 40 11.0 12.8 4.0 58.5 10.2 3.5 Hominy Feed 19 11.2 11.3 7.5 62.8 4.4 2.8 Dried Beet Pulp . 5 11.3 9.3 0.6 55.7 20.2 2.9 Oat Feed .... 4 8.2 6.3 2.0 50.5 26.9 6.1 64 CONTROL BULLETIN No. 94 Vitamin A Content of Alfalfa Products Found in the Massachusetts Markets During the past season Vitamin A determinations were made on 22 samples of alfalfa and alfalfa products by accepted laboratory methods. * These samples were secured from retail dealers' stocks in various parts of the state. The most striking thing about them is their extreme variation. If alfalfa is used primarily on account of its Vitamin A potency, more attention should be paid to securing a product which through proper curing and storage contains a liberal amount. Many reputable manufacturers of prepared rations reject for their use alfalfa which does not meet standards in Vitamin A content which they set up. It is not unreasonable to expect that some of this rejected material finds its way into retail channels where facilities are not at hand for checking its quality. In the table which follows, the source of the material is not indicated as it is entirely possible to produce a high class product which through improper storage after it leaves the manufacturer's plant would be subject to rapid deterioration. All that is attempted is to show the wide variation of alfalfa products as they are retailed locally. Vitamin A Content of Alfalfa Products Found in the Massachusetts Markets Alfalfa Meal Alfalfa Leaf Meal Alfa Ifa Stem Meal Lab. International Lab. International Lab. International No. Units per Gram No. Units per Gram No. Units per Gram 1081 106.8 883 192.0 1386 50.0 1172 40.0 1102 295.0 1581 63.6 1259 66.6 1180 404.0 1585 82.5 1267 66.6 1183 500.0 1532 33.3 11S4 317.5 1579 128.1 1185 476.1 1580 54.3 1186 526.3 8308 23.3 1189 1217 1582 1584 202.0 122 0 303.0 110.8 Alfalfa (artificially dried) Mount Hope Farm, Williamstown Second cutting Fourth cutting Fifth cutting Cutting not known 460.0 505.0 740.6 606.0 *Tests made by Carl F. Dunker. graduate assistant in Nutrition Laboratory INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 65 Manganese in Feeds* Recent experimental evidence points to the fact that manganese deficiency may be one of the contributing factors in causing slipped tendons (perosis) in growing chicks. Many commercial rations now contain added manganese sul- phate in small amounts. With the idea of presenting information as to the normal manganese content of feed products and commercial mixtures, a large number of manganese determinations were made on samples of feeding stuffs collected in the course of inspection. None of the commercial mixtures, so far as could be ascertained, contained added manganese sulphate. Samples reported were all collected before the use of manganese sulphate had become general. No recommendations are made as to the maximum or minimum amount that a feed should contain: that should be left to the nutrition expert. The use of manganese sulphate in home mixed rations in the small amounts advocated necessitates very thorough mixing in order to insure uniform distribution through- out the entire mixture. Manganese Content of Feeding Stuffs (Composite samples of 10 unless otherwise indicated) Alfalfa Products Alfalfa Meal (9 samples) Alfalfa Leaf Meal Animal and Fish Products Steamed Bone Meal . Fish Meal Liver Meal, Argentine (1 sample) Moat Srrap, h0% Protein . Dried Skim Milk (7 samples) Brewers and Distillers By-Products Dried Brewers Grains (3 samples) Corn Distillers Grains (4 samples) Cereal Meals Corn Meal Ground Cats Corn Products Gluten Meal (.5 samples) Gluten Feed Hominy Feed Miscellaneous Mill Residues Dried Beet Pulp (5 samples Oat Feed, Oatmeal Mill By Oil Cake Meals Cottonseed Meal Linseed Meal Soy Bean Meal . Wheat Products Wheat Red Dog Flour Wheat Standard Middlings Wheat Mixed Feed Wheat Bran product (5 samples) Parte per Million 24 5 43 5 16 5 14 5 5 9 8 5 .ess than 1 39 0 16 0 5 8 36 5 7 2 33 5 10 5 29 0 46 5 22 5 48 0 31 5 58.0 97 0 101 0 112 5 Manganese Content of Commercial Poultry Mixtures Manganese Sulphate Not Added Laying Mashes Growing and Starting Feeds Fattening Feeds . umber of Samples 88 68 12 Manganese Parts per Million Average Highest Lowest 50 73 35 48 76 35 41 51 31 ♦Analyses by John W. Kuzmeski. 66 CONTROL BULLETIN No. 94 Directory of Manufacturers Who Registered Feeding Stuffs for Sale in Massachusetts in 1938 Acme-Evans Co., Indianapolis, Ind. Albers Bros. Milling Co., Seattle, Washington. E. T. Allen Co., Atlanta, Ga. Allied Mills, Inc., Chicago, 111. American Maize Products Co., 100 East 42nd St., New York, N. Y. A. P. Ames Co., 10 Walnut St., Peabody, Mass. Arcady Farms Milling Co., 223 West Jackson Blvd., Chicago, 111 Archer-Daniels-Midland Co., Minneapolis, Minn. Ashcraft-Wilkinson Co., Atlanta, Ga. (Registered also for Kuder Meal Co.) Atkinson Milling Co., 900 Flour Exchange, Minneapolis, Minn. W. E. Atkinson Co., 27 Water St., Newburyport, Mass. Atlantic Fish By-Products Co., Phoenix Ave., Lowell, Mass. (Registered also for Wilmington Packing Co.) B. & B. Dairy Co., Inc., Margaretville, N. Y. E. W. Bailev & Co., Montpelier, Vt. H. J. Baker & Bro., 271 Madison Ave., New York, N. Y. Barber & Bennett, Inc., Albany, N. Y. Bartlett Frazier Co., 406 Merchants Exchange Bldg., St. Louis, Mo. Bay State Milling Co., Winona, Minn. Beacon Milling Co., Inc., Cayuga, N. Y. Berkshire Coal & Grain Co., Inc., North Adams, Mass. Albert Bieren, Lexington, Mass. Bisbee Linseed Co., Inc., Amsterdam, N. Y. Bisbee Linseed Co., 2100 Lincoln Libertv Bldg., Philadelphia, Penn. Blatchford Calf Meal Co., Waukegan, 111. Borden Co., 350 Madison Ave., New York, N. Y. Borden Grain Co., 26 Granite St., Taunton, Mass. C. W. Brister & Son, Auburn, N. Y. A. H. Brown & Bros., Boston, Mass. (Registered by Mellin's Food Company of North America.) George B. Brown Corp., Ipswich, Mass. C. W. Burckhalter, Inc., 177 Franklin St., New York, N. Y. Burrus Mill & Elevator Co., Fort Worth, Texas. Butman Feed Co., Lynn, Mass. A. B. Caple Co., Toledo, Ohio. Center Milk Products Co., Middlebury Center, Penn. Central Soya Co., Inc., Fort Wayne, Ind. Chapin & Co., Hammond, Ind. Checkerboard Elevator Co., St. Louis, Mo. Checkerboard Feed Store, Oswego, N. Y. Clinton Co., Clinton, Iowa. Coles Feed & Grain Co., Middletown, Conn. Collis Products Co., St. Paul, Minn. Commander-Larabee Milling Co., Minneapolis, Minn. Community Feed Stores, Inc., South Deerfield, Mass. Consolidated Chemical Industries, Inc., Woburn, Mass. Consolidated Rendering Co., 178 Atlantic Ave., Boston, Mass. Corn Products Refining Co., 17 Battery Place, New York, N. Y. Nicolas Courcv Grain Co., 12 Waverlv St., Taunton, Mass. Cover & Palm Co., 150 Middle St., Lowell, Mass. Chas. M. Cox Co., 177 Milk St., Boston, Mass. Dairymen's League Co-Operative Association, Inc., 11 West 42nd St., New York, N. Y. Dawe's Vitamelk Co., Chicago, 111. Decatur Milling Co., Inc., Decatur, 111. Dehydrating Process Co., Boston, Mass. Delaware Mills, Inc., Deposit, N. Y. (Registered also for Squier & Co.) Denver Alfalfa Milling & Products Co., Lamar, Col. Frank Diauto, 87 Warren St., Randolph, Mass. F. Diehl & Son, Inc., Wellesley, Mass. Dietrich & Gambrill, Inc., Frederick, Md. Dreyer Commission Co., 300 Merchants Exchange, St. Louis, Mo. J. L. Dunnell & Son, Bernardston, Mass. Eagle Roller Mill Co., New Ulm, Minn. East Bridgewater Farmers' Cooperative Exchange, Inc., East Bridgewater, Mass. Eastern Grain Co., Bridgewater, Mass. Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Springfield, Mass. Economy Grocery Stores, Corp., 393 D Street, Boston, Mass. Egg-O-Milk Co., Baltimore, Md. (Registered by P. Fred'k Obrecht & Son.) Michael W. Ellis, 19 Walnut St., Peabody, Mass. Elmore Milling Co., Inc., Oneonta, N. Y. John W. Eshelman & Sons, Lancaster, Penn. Evans Milling Co., Indianapolis, Ind. Excelsior Milling Co., Minneapolis, Minn. Fant Milling Co., Sherman, Texas. Farm Service Co., Fitchburg, Mass. Farmers Feed Co., Buffalo, N. Y. Farmers Feed Co., 532 East 76th St., New York, N. Y. Federal Mill, Inc., Lockport, N. Y. Fernando Valley Milling & Supply Co., 6104 Van Nuys Blvd., Van Nuys, Cal. Ferneau Grain Co., Blanchester, Ohio. Finger Lakes & Hudson Flour Mills, Inc., Geneva, N. Y. Fingerlakes & Hudson Flour Mills, Inc., 7 Madison St., Troy, N. Y. First National Stores, Inc., 5 Middlesex Ave., Somerville, Mass. Flory Milling Co., Inc., Bangor, Penn. Fred A. Fountain, Inc., Taunton, Mass. Dean S. French, 17 Columbia St., Stoughton, Mass. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 67 Fruen Milling Co., Minneapolis, Minn. Paul Fuller & Sons, 8 Mooney Ave., Salem, Mass. Funk Bros. Seed Co., Bloomington, 111. J. B. Garland & Son, Inc., Worcester, Mass. General Foods Corp., Battle Creek, Mich. General Mills, Inc., Minneapolis, Minn. W. K. Gilmore burn, Mass. (Registered by Atlantic Fish By- products Co.) Wilson & Co., 41st St. and South Ashland Ave Chicago, 111. Stanley Wood Grain Co., Taunton, Mass. Worcester Grain & Coal Co., Worcester, Mass Publication or thib Document approved by Commission on Administration and Finance 2,500— 11-38. No. 5421. Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station CONTROL SERIES BULLETIN No. 95 OCTOBER, 1938 Inspection of Commercial Fertilizers By H. D. Haskins This is the sixty-fifth report of the Massachusetts Fertilizer Control made in accordance with Chapter 94, Sections 250 to 261, inclusive, of Massachusetts General Laws 1920, as amended by Chapter 67, Acts of 1933. Massachusetts State College Amherst, Mass. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS FOR THE SEASON OF 1938 By H. D. Haskins, Official Chemist « CONTENTS Page Manufacturers and brands 2 Comparative cost of fertilizer chemicals and unmixed fertilizer products 3 Fertilizer trade values 4 Fertilizer tonnage 5 Plant food tonnage 5 "New England Standard Nine" grades 7 Mixed fertilizers 9 Deficiency statistics 9 Mixing efficiency table 11 Acid and basic fertilizers 11 Average analysis of mixed fertilizers 11 Mixtures showing a commercial shortage of $1 or more per ton 13 Mixtures substantially complying with guarantees 14 Chemicals and raw products 38 Summary of results of the inspection 38 Nitrogen compounds 39 Phosphoric acid compounds 42 Potash compounds 43 Products supplying nitrogen and phosphoric acid 44 Pulverized animal manures 46 Miscellaneous 48 Colloidal Phosphate with Mineral Colloids 50 Directory of manufacturers who registered fertilizers for sale in Massachusetts in 1938 . 50 MANUFACTURERS AND BRANDS Registrations have been perfected in Massachusetts during 1938 by 97 firms, covering 533 brands of mixed fertilizer and unmixed fertilizing materials. The nature of these products is shown by the following classification: Complete fertilizers Ammoniated superphosphates Superphosphates with potash Dry ground fish, tankage and ground bone Fertilizer simples, including organic nitrogen compounds Tobacco stems Pulverized manures .... Cotton hull ashes and wood ashes Peat products :Stone meal Nitrate of potash ....'. Total 337 3 3 48 96 1 30 7 2 1 5 533 i Assisted by II. Robert DeRose, John W. Kuzmeski, Albert F. Spelman, Stuart P. Stiles, Chemists; James T. Howard, C. L. Whiting, G. E. Taylor, Sampling Agents; Harry I.. Allen, Laboratory Assistant; Cora B. Grover, Clerk. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS 3 The following brands were not found on display by the sampling agents at any point in the state and therefore do not appear in the tables of analyses. Brands of Fertilizer Registered but Not Sampled Apothecaries Hall Co. Consolidated Rendering Co. Liberty High Grade Market Garden (with Corenco 4-8-10-1 Made with Water Soluble Sulphate Potash) 5-8-7 Magnesium Liberty Onion Special (Potash as Sulphate) 4-8-7 Flower City Plant Food Co., Inc. Liberty Onion Special (Potash as Sulphate) Wondergro (Tablet Form) 10-12-11 Extra Organic 4-8-7 Liberty Tobacco Fertilizer 6-3-6 Humphreys-Godwin Co. Cal Nitro (20.5-0-0) Bull Brand Cottonseed Meal (6.87-0-0) Linseed Meal, Archer-Daniels-Midland (5-0-0) Spencer Kellogg & Sons, Inc. Linseed Meal, National Lead Co. Castor Pomace (4.52-0-0) Kellogs's 32% Protein C Id Process Linseed Armour Fertilizer Works Meal (5.12-0-0) Fish (9.46-5-0) Old Deerfield Fertilizer Co., Inc. Alsop Supplement No. 1 5-1-16 Bisbee Linseed Co., Inc. Soy Bean Meal 41% Protein (6.56-0-0) "K&M" Brand 32% Protein Old Process Linseed Meal (5-0-0) Rogers & Hubbard Co. 1 inseed Meal (5.12-0-01 Nitrate of Potash (13-0-44) Central Soya Co., Inc. Central Star Brand Sovbean Oilmeal Synthetic Nitrogen Products Corp. (7.04-0-0) Urea (46-0-01 Drawing of Samples Between April 1 and June 15, three sampling agents made a thorough canvass of the state: James T. Howard in Hampshire, Hampden, Franklin and Berkshire Counties; G. E. Taylor in Norfolk, Bristol, Plymouth, Barnstable and Dukes Counties; and C. L. Whiting in Essex, Middlesex, Sufiolk and Worcester Counties. They visited 187 towns, took 1,793 samples, representing 514 brands, from stock in the possession of 516 agents or owners, and called upon 230 agents where no samples were drawn because the agency had been discontinued, the stock was all sold out, or sufficient samples had alread}' been taken of the brands found. They sampled 23,142 sacks, representing 18,153 tons of fertilizer. One ton was sampled to every three and four-fifths tons sold in the state. COMPARATIVE COST OF FERTILIZER CHEMICALS AND UNMIXED FERTILIZER PRODUCTS Of the mineral forms of nitrogen, ammonium sulfate held firm at $29.00 through June. In July it dropped to $26.50 and has since that date advanced gradually, the average for September 1938 being $27.00. Sodium nitrate and calcium nitrate have shown a uniform price of $28.30 and $2^.00, respectively, from March 1 to October 1. Potassium nitrate held firm at $57.50 through March, April and May, followed by a decline to $55.00 which was maintained through July, August and September. Synthetic urea and calcium cyanamid have been quoted uni- formly at $95.00 and $24.15 for the seven months following March 1. Among the animal ammoniates, dried blood has shown the usual fluctuations, declining from $48.80 in March to $41.20 in June. During July and August it advanced to $47.52, and declined again in September to an average of $44.38. Tankage, hoof meal and dry ground fish have shown fluctuations similar to dried blood. Of the organic vegetable ammoniates, 41% protein cottonseed meal (6.56% nitrogen) has been quoted at an average price of $23.38 for the period March 1 to October 1. The average quotation for castor pomace during the same period was $19.36. CONTROL SERIES No. 95 Wholesale Quotations on Chemicals and Unmixed Materials. Nature of Material. Ammonia sulfate (20.5% N), bulk, f.o.b. ports or ovens Nitrate of soda (16%), bags, ports Nitrate of lime (15%N), bags, northern ports, ex vessel Nitrate of potash (13% N, 44% K20), bags, c.i.f. ports Urea (46%. N), car lots, bags, f.o.b. Atlantic port . Cyanamid (21-22% N), bags, delivered .... Dried blood (13.16% N), bags, f.o.b. New York . Hoof meal (14.15% N), f.o.b. Chicago, bulk . Animal tankage (8.23% N, 6.86% P2O5), ground, bulk New York Dry ground fish (9.02% N, 6.86% P205), bags, Baltimore Cottonseed meal (6.56% N), bags, Memphis exch. Castor pomace (4.52% N), bags, car lots, f.o.b. works . Ground bone (2.47% N, 22.88% P205), bags, f.o.b. f Chicago Superphosphate (16% avail. P205), bulk, f.o.b. Baltimore Muriate of potash (50.54% K20), bulk, c.i.f. ports High grade sulfate of potash (48.65% K20), bags, c.i.f. ports Potash-magnesia sulfate (25.94% K20), bags . Cotton hull ashes (25% K20), bulk, delivered, car lots Average Price Per Ton For Six Months Preceding March 1. 1937. $24 86 27 33 26 26 52 70 95 00 26 65 65 27 50 93 42 05 51 62 31 37 19 50 20 30 8 09 25 00 36 25 24 75 25 00 1938. $27 . 96 29.00 27.27 57.50 95.00 24.15 51.38 56.52 32.05 52.84 22.40 21.46 23.15 9.00 26.75 38.00 25.75 26.25 Price Per Ton Oct. 3, 1938. $26 . 25 29.00 2S.00 55.00 95.00 24.15 48.00 43.00 29.00 48.00 21.50 18.50 24.00 8.00 26.75 38.00 25.75 27.50 Difference Between Oct. 3 Price and Six Months' Average: Sept. 1, 1937- Mar. 1, 1938. -$1.71 none + .73 —2.50 none none —3.38 —13.52 —3.05 —4.84 —.90 —2.96 + .85 —1.00 none none none +1.25 Note: A domestic synthetic urea product containing 42% nitrogen has been sold in Massa- chusetts by E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co. at a price permitting its retail for about *72.00 per ton Fertilizer Trade Values. Form of Plant Food. Nitrogen. In ammonia salts In nitrates Organic nitrogen in fish Organic nitrogen in blood, meat and hoof meal Organic nitrogen in fine1 bone and tankage Organic nitrogen in coarse1 bone and tankage and in pulverized manures Organic nitrogen in mixed fertilizers Organic nitrogen in cottonseed meal, castor pomace, linseed meal, etc. Organic nitrogen in urea Organic nitrogen in cyanamid Phosphoric Acid. Available (soluble in water and neutral citrate of ammonia) In precipitated bone In basic slag phosphate In fine1 bone and tankage, and in fish In coarse1 bone and tankage In pulverized manures, seed residues, and ashes Insoluble in neutral citrate of ammonia in mixed fertilizers . As sulfate As muriate As carbonate As nitrate In potash-ma gnesi a sulfate Potash. oluble) In cotton hull and wood ashes (s1 In organic vegetable compounds, sheep manure, insoluble in ashes Magnesium Oxide. Water soluble from Kieserite, Emjeo, sulfate of potash-magnesia In form of finely ground dolomite Value per Pound. $0.0S9 .10 .322 25 !265 .19 .225 .225 .090;; .07 .05 .047 .OS .0375 . 0325 .();;.';. .017 .019 .038 .07 .0465 .066 .069 .04 . 0633 . 0002; Unit Value. $1.7S 2.00 6.44 5 . 00 5.30 3.80 4.50 4.50 LSI 1.40 1.00 .94 1.60 .75 .65 . 05 .34 .98 .76 1.40 .93 1 . 32 1.38 .80 .27 .125 1 Fine bone and tankage refers to particles which, as sampled, will pass through a sieve with circular openings 1/50 of an inch in diameter. Coarse bone and tankage refers to that portion which will not pass through the sieve. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS 5 Superphosphate 16% was quoted at an average price of $9.00 during March, declining in April to $8.50 where it was maintained during May and June. During July, August and September it was quoted at an average price of $8.00 per ton, f.o.b. Baltimore. Ground bone showed a decline from $18.75 in March to $17.00 in June. During the three months following, it advanced to $23.25. None of the potash sales have shown any fluctuation in quotation since March 1, average quotations being as follows: for 50% muriate of potash, $26.75; for high grade sulfate of potash, $38.00; for sulfate of potash-magnesia, $25.75; for cotton hull ashes on the basis of 25% K2O, $27.50. From this summary, and assuming that labor conditions will remain normal, there seems to be but little justification for an advance in the price of mixed com- mercial fertilizers for 1939. The fertilizer trade values are based on average wholesale quotations of fer- tilizer chemicals and unmixed materials, as taken from trade journals for six months ending March 1, 1938, to which 20 percent has been added for overhead. When appropriate, an additional allowance has also been made for bags, labor, and transportation. FERTILIZER TONNAGE Tonnage of Mixed and Unmixed Fertilizers Sold in Massachusetts • July 1, 1935, to July 1, 1936 July 1, 1936, to July 1, 1937 July 1, 1937, to July 1, 1938 Mixed fertilizers Fertilizer chemica.ls and materials unmixed Pulverized natural manures .... 43,682 19,165 1,634 48,527 24,004 1,743 45,339 22,360 1,476 Totals .... 64.4S1 74,274 69,175 There were 5,099 tons less fertilizer sold in the state in 1938 than during the previous year. The tonnage of mixed fertilizer was 3,188 less, and that of the fertilizer chemicals and unmixed materials was 1,644 less than for 1937. Pul- verized manures showed a decrease of 267 tons. Of the total tonnage sold, 65.54 percent was mixed fertilizer, 32.32 percent was unmixed materials, and 2.14 percent was dried and pulverized natural manures. Plant Food Tonnage Nitrogen Phosphoric Acid Potash 1937 1938 1937 193S 1937 1938 Mixed fertilizers Fertilizer chemicals and materials unmixed Pulverized natural manures .... 2,548* 2,355* 1,579 1,434 36 32 4,138* 3,796* 2,376 2,015 26 25 3,468* 3,326* 821 745 44 41 Totals 4,163 3,S21 6,540 5,836 4,333 4,112 Does not include plant food tonnage of fertilizer mixed for special orders. There were 1,267 less tons of plant food sold in the state than during 1937, of which 342 tons were nitrogen, 704 tons available phosphoric acid, and 221 tons potash. There were 13,769 tons of plant food sold, of which 28 percent was nitrogen, 42 percent available phosphoric acid, and 30 percent potash. Mixed fertilizers furnished 68.8 percent of the plant food, chemicals and unmixed materials 30.5 percent, and pulverized manures 0.7 percent. 6 CONTROL SERIES No. 95 The three plant food elements were furnished in the fohowmg proportions bv the mixed fertOizers and the unmixed materials, including the pulverized manuresTnitrogen, 62 percent from mixed and 38 percent from unmixed; phos- phoTakd, 65 percent from mixed and 35 percent from unmixed; potash, 81 percent from mixed and 19 percent from unmixed The tables present tonnage figures for one year, July 1, 1937, to July 1, 1938 for both mixed fertilizers and unmixed fertilizer materials. In case of the mixed fertilizers, the grade represents the plant food guarantee and is expressed m the order of nitrogen, available phosphoric acid, potash. Tonnage of Mixed Fertilizers. Complete Fertilizers. 14 Per Cent or More of Available Plant Food (Nitrogen, Available Phosphoric Acid and Potash.) Grade. 5-8-7 4-8-4 4-8-7 7-6-6 4-8-10 6-3-6 4-8-8 8-16-16 5-8-10 4-12-4 3-10-4 3-10-6 8-16-14 6-3-7 6-8-6 4-10-4 5-10-5 8-24-8 10-6-4 5-6-4 12-16-12 5-10-4 8-16-20 5-8-12 5-4-15 4-16-20 8-6-2 4-12-6 5-5-15 8-5-8 6-6-5 9-6-6 12-4-4 5-5-5 4-3-12 5-10-10 7-5-3 7-14-9 Tonnage. 12,186 6,090 3,123 2,507 2,227 1,943 1,609 1,494 1,303 1,078 827 678 675 663 649 570 547 389 317 303 264 263 241 240 226 204 200 182 175 167 155 134 121 117 115 114 103 103 Brands. 34 25 21 12 17 10 6 6 9 7 11 13 Grade. 4-9-3 8-6-4 2-8-10 8-6-6 6-7^1 10-5-10 4-6-10 7-8-6 3-12-6 7-12-10 8-4-8 7-3-7 6-6-4 8-5-2 7-7-5 5-7-3 6-12-12 8-20-12 3-7-6 10-3-3 6-11-10 5-9-8 7-7-6 8-6-3 5-9-2 8-8-8 5-8-16 5-10-7 6-8-2 5-8-5 2-12-2 5-8-4 6-12-4 10-16-14 Miscellaneous Special mixtures Tonnage. 80 77 74 73 72 65 55 55 53 52 4S 47 46 46 44 43 38 32 26 24 24 23 19 Brands. Totals 19 - 18 - 18 - 15 - 15 - 14 - 11 - 10 — 10 - 10 - 10 — 71 16 945 _ 44,584 321 Less than U Per Cent of Available Plant Food (Nitrogen, Available Phosphoric Acid and Potash.) Superphosphate with Potash. Ammoniated SUPERPHOS PHATE. 0-20-20 86 4-10-0 4^-0 Totals 29 2 - 31 INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS 7 Of the 45,339 tons of complete fertilizer sold, 72 percent was furnished by 9 grades and 140 brands. Double- and multiple-strength grades totaled 3,358 tons and 36 brands, which was 91 tons more than during the previous year. Al- though the total tonnage of complete fertilizers shows a decrease of 3,188 tons, or 6.6 percent, the double- and multiple-strength grades show an increase of 91 tons, or 2.8 percent. This indicates a continuing trend toward the manufacture of higher grade fertilizers. Of the mixed fertilizer sold, 98.6 percent contained 14 percent or over of avail- able plant food. There were 263 tons less of low-analysis (less than 14 percent available plant food) complete fertilizers sold than in 1937. The 5-3-5 grade, comprising 8 brands, furnished 84 percent of the tonnage of this class of goods. In the following table are listed ten of the most popular grades of mixed fer- tilizer together with the tonnage of each sold in Massachusetts for the years 1937 and 1938. 1937. 1938. Grade. Tonnage. Grade. Tonnage. 5-8-7 4-8-4 4-8-7 7-6-6 6-3-6 4-8-10 4-8-8 5-8-10 8-16-16 4-12-1 14,206 6,804 3,214 2,6(iS 2,573 2,330 1,652 1,316 1,160 1,154 5-8-7 4-8-1 4-8-7 7-6-6 4-8-10 6-3-6 4-8-8 8-16-16 5-8-10 4-12-1 12,186 6,090 3,123 2,507 2,227 1,943 1,609 1,494 1,303 1,078 The following table shows how the tonnage sold in 1938 corresponds with the New England Standard Nine grades selected by the New England Agronomists in 1931. Additional Tonnage New England Standard from Grades Varying Nine Grades. Tonnage. but 1% in One or More Plant Foods. Total 5-8-7 12,196a 7,8216 20,017 4-8-4 . 6,642c 59 6,701 6-3-6 . 2,056d 1,200 3,256 7-6-6 . 2,507 217 2,724 4-8-10 2,468e — 2,468 3-10-1 827 650 1,477 5-8-10 1,303 — 1,303 2-8-10. 278/ — 278 2-12-4 o - 5 Totals 28.2S2 9,947 38,229 a Including 10 tons of 10-16-14. b Including 1,494 tons of 8-16-16, 675 tons of 8-16-14, and 264 tons of 12-16-12. ( Including 547 tons of 5-10-5 and 5 tons of 15-30-15. d Including 65 tons of 10-5-10 and 48 tons of 8-4-8. e Including 241 tons of 8-16-20. / Including 204 tons of 4-16-20. Of the total tonnage of mixed fertilizer sold in Massachusetts, 62 percent was from grades recommended by New England Agronomists to meet New England conditions, and 22 percent additional tonnage was from grades varying but one percent in one or more plant food elements from the grades thus recommended. 8 CONTROL SERIES No. 95 Of the ten grades, including the multiple-strength mixtures., that have the highest tonnage (33,560 tons), all but four were among the New England Standard Nine. These six grades showed a total tonnage of 26,256. Over 23 percent of the total tonnage of mixed fertilizer was from five grades not included in the New England Standard Nine. They are 4-8-7, 8-16-14 third largest tonnage sold; 4-8-8, 8-16-16, fourth largest; 4-12-4, 8-24-8, eighth largest; 3-10-6. eleventh largest; and 6-3-7, twelfth largest. The tonnage' of unmixed materials, as shown in the following table, was Dis- tributed as follows: nitrogen products, 42 percent; phosphoric acid products, 34 percent; potash products, 5 percent; tankage, fish, bone, nitrate of potash Ammo- Phos, and wood ashes, 18 percent; and miscellaneous, 1 percent. Pulverized animal manures are not included. Tonnage of Unmixed Fertilizing Materials. Material. Superphosphate 16% Cottonseed meal Nitrate of soda Superphosphate 20% Ground bone . Pulverized animal manures Cyanamid Milorganite . . Sulfate of ammonia Muriate of potash 50% Muriate of potash 60% Nitrate of potash . Peat . Basic slag phosphate Animal tankage Linseed meal . Castor pomace Tonnage. Brands. 4,403 3,883 3,256 2,866 2,070 1,476 1,033 833 714 563 490 443 219 193 185 177 147 30 11 6 6 Material. Dry ground fish Cal-Nitro . Ammo-Phos Cotton hull ashes Superphosphate 40% Wood ashes Sulfate of potash Colloidal phosphate Stone meal Dried blood Soybean meal . Precipitated bone Calcium nitrate Urea Miscellaneous . Totals Tonnage. Brands. 145 134 102 89 84 71 58 57 44 26 22 12 12 11 18 23,836 11 6 191 INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS MIXED FERTILIZERS. Deficiency Statistics for Mixed Fertilizers. NuM BER OF Brands. Number of Tests or Determinations. p ^ Lh 1 U 1 t- 1 ^ - a > C ~ — " c oj o a ■ O' "5 a t- — 03 03 o o) a> |us is a> » -SO 2 < < E-i 1 pq a § Acme Guano Co. . . . . 6 6 18 4 1 0 0 Agricultural Laboratories, Inc. . 1 1 3 0 0 0 1 American Agricultural Chemical Co. 50 50 150 22 6 1 2 Apothecaries Hall Co. 20 20 59 1 1 0 0 Armour Fertilizer Works . 26 26 77 10 5 0 0 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 F. A. Bartlett Tree Expert Co. 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 Belmont Gardens .... 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 Berkshire Chemical Co. 16 16 48 4 0 0 1 Joseph Breck & Sons Corp. 4 4 12 2 0 0 1 C. & R. Sales Co 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 1 0 3 1 0 1 1 Clay & Son, Ltd 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 Collins Seed Service Co. 4 4 12 3 0 0 0 Consolidated Rendering Co. 31 31 96 9 1 2 3 Davey Tree Expert Co. 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 Dehydrating Process Co. . 1 1 3 1 0 0 0 Eastern States Farmers' Exchange . 17 17 64 1 3 0 1 Thomas W. Emerson Co. . 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 Excell Laboratories .... 1 1 3 1 0 0 0 Flower City Charcoal Co. . 2 2 6 0 0 0 0 H. L. Frost & Higgins Co. 2 2 6 1 0 0 0 Garden Hose Spray Co., Inc. . 1 1 3 0 1 0 0 Goulard & Olena, Inc. 1 1 3 1 0 0 0 Thomas J. Grey Co 1 1 3 1 0 0 0 Hartney-Amalia, Inc 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 2 2 6 1 0 0 0 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 Independent Manufacturing Co. 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 International Agricultural Corp. 23 22 76 6 5 3 1 McC'lain Brothers Co. 1 1 3 1 0 0 0 Miller Chemical & Fertilizer Corp. . 7 5 21 2 0 0 2 New England Toro Co. 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 Old Deerrield Fertilizer Co., Inc. 24 24 76 0 0 0 0 Olds & Whipple, Inc 11 14 42 2 0 0 0 F. G. Phillips Co. 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 Rogers & Hubbard Co. 29 29 87 5 1 1 1 Salem Chemical & Supply Co. . 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 O. M. Scott & Sons Co. . 1 1 3 1 0 0 0 M. L. Shoemaker & Co., Inc. . 1 1 2 1 0 0 0 Standard Wholesale Phosphate & Acid 8 8 24 1 1 0 2 Sutton & Sons, Ltd. . 1 1 3 1 0 0 1 Swift & Co. Fertilizer Works 4 4 12 1 1 0 0 F. Sylvester & Son .... 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 Synthetic Nitrogen Products Corp. . 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 2 2 6 0 0 0 0 LTniversal Chemical Co. 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 Virginia-Carolina Chemical Corp. 2 2 6 1 0 0 0 C. P. Washburn Co 4 4 12 2 0 1 0 Winslow Nurseries .... 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 Woodruff Fertilizer Works, Inc. 7 7 21 0 0 0 0 F. H. Woodruff & Sons 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 Totals 334 330 1,026 87 26 9 17 a Several analyses of the same brand have been averaged and recorded in the table as one analysis. Analyses of fertilizer left over from previous year not included. 10 CONTROL SERIES No. 95 Summary of Deficiencies in Mixed Fertilizers. Brands deficient in one element Brands deficient in two elements . Brands deficient in three elements . Brands deficient in nitrogen . . . Brands deficient in available phosphors Brands deficient in potash . ■ Brands deficient in magnesium oxide acid 1936. 61 7 2 22 33 26 0 1937. 77 16 2 39 29 47 0 1938. 89 20 3 35 70 32 2 Serious Commercial Shortages in Mixed Fertilizers. Amount of Shortage Per Ton. More than $5 . Between $4 and $5 Between $3 and $4 Between $2 and $3 Between $1 and $2 Number or Brands According to Years. 1935. 1 none 1 none 1936. none none 1 none none 1937. 1 none none 3 3 1938. Out Of the 335 brands analyzed, 222, or 66 percent, showed no deficiencies. of 1,026 plant food guarantees made, 87 percent were fully maintained. The deficiency table shows the following statistics: Deficiencies not exceeding M of one percent, 87. Deficiencies between H and Yi of one percent, 26. Deficiencies between H and % of one percent, 9. Deficiencies more than % of one percent, 17. Of the total number of guarantees of each element made, 11 percent of the nitro- gen, 21 percent of the available phosphoric acid, and 10 percent of the potash were not met. Twenty-six of the 35 nitrogen deficiencies, 42 of the 70 available phosphoric acid deficiencies, and 18 of the 32 potash deficiencies did not exceed \i of one percent. , ■•*„„„„ Compared with the 1937 inspection, there were 4 less shortages m nitrogen, 41 more in available phosphoric acid, and 15 less in potash. In the case of those fertilizers which did not conform strictly to the guarantee, the discrepancies were of such a character as to make it evident that there was no intentional attempt at violation of the regulations. Fourteen firms have registered five or more brands of mixed fertilizers On the basis of composition found by analysis as well as upon tonnage sold, the following table shows to what extent each manufacturer was successful w > avoid- ing deficiencies in plant food guarantees in his mixtures. All but three of the four- teen firms provided an average overrun in the three major plant food elements guaranteed, considered desirable in safe fertilizer practice. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS Mixing Efficiency Table. If Mantjfacttjeeb. Acme Guano Co American Agricultural Chemical Co. Apothecaries Hall Co. Armour Fertilizer Works . Berkshire Chemical Co. . Consolidated Rendering Co. . Eastern States Farmers' Exchange International Agricultural Corp. Miller Chemical & Fertilizer Corp. Old Deerfield Fertilizer Co., Inc. . Olds & Whipple, Inc. Rogers & Hubbard Co. Standard Wholesale Phosphate & Acid Works, Inc. . . Woodruff Fertilizer Works, Inc. Average Percentage of Plant Food Above or Below the Minimum Guarantee. Nitrogen. +.16 +.21 +.52 +.09 +.10 +.10 +.34 + .11 —.10 +.44 +.41 +.55 + .14 +.10 Available Phosphoric Acid. —.07 —.003 +.7S +.22 +.32 +.17 +.52 +.21 +.16 +.92 + .46 +.42 +.63 +.88 Potash. +.01 +.21 +.39 +23 +.27 +.18 +.70 +.21 +.32 +.85 +1.11 +.48 +.36 +.54 Summary of Data on Acid and Basic Fertilizers. Fertilizer Tonnage Tested Extent of Acidity or Basicity on Fertilized Sold, Expressed in Tons of Calcium Carbonate (CaCO^ 1935 1936 1937 1938 1935 1936 1937 1938 Acid Basic . 35,715 6,967 34,746 8,393 32,957 14,877 32,790 11,297 Acidity Basicity . Net acidity* Average acidity* 3,840 445 3,826 571 3,596 984 3,539 si:, Total 42,682 43,139 47,834 44,087 3,395 159 3,255 161 2,612 109 2,724 124 * The net acidity is the total amount of calcium carbonate, expressed in tons, which would be required to neutralize all the fertilizer tested. The average acidity is the average amount of calcium carbonate, expressed in pounds, which would have to be added to each ton of mixed fertilizer to make neutral all of the fertilizer tested. AVERAGE ANALYSIS OF MIXED FERTILIZERS* 1935 1936 1937 1938 Guaran- teed Found Guaran- teed Found Guaran- teed Found Guaran- teed Found Nitrogen Available phosphoric acid .... Potash .... 4.82 8.04 6.59 5.26 8.90 7.19 4.96 8.26 6.82 5.18 8.63 7.17 5.05 8.13 0.91 5.29 8.59 7.20 5.14 8.33 7.10 5.31 8.56 7.50 ♦Does not include fertilizer mixed for special orders. During the past four years, the average guarantee of the mixed fertilizers has been higher each year than the preceding year, with the exception of the average guaranteed available phosphoric acid which was slightly lower in 1937. 12 CONTROL SERIES No. 95 Explanation of Tables of Analyses. Guarantee. The plant food guarantee or the grade of each fertilizer is made a part of the trade name under the heading "Name of Manufacturer and Brand," and is expressed as nitrogen, available phosphoric acid and water soluble potash and in that order. Commercial Shortages. In the table designated "Mixtures showing a com- mercial shortage of $1 or more per ton," the column headed "Approximate com- mercial valuation per ton" gives the sum of the valuation of each plant food element computed from the analysis by use of the trade values adopted by the Massachusetts Fertilizer Control for 1938, which appear on a preceding page of the bulletin. Under the heading "Approximate commercial shortage per ton" is shown the commercial valuation of the deficiencies or tests found below the guarantee after allowance is made for the value of overruns or tests above the guarantee. Deficiencies are emphasized by boldface type. Mixtures Substantially Complying with the Guarantee. In addition to the analysis of those fertilizers substantially complying with the guarantee, this (able includes also those mixtures that are more or less out of balance; that is, having deficiencies in one or more plant food elements, but having overruns which largely offset the value of the deficiencies. "Number of samples" indicates the number of samples included in the com- posite which was analyzed. Inferior Nitrogen. The presence of inferior forms of organic nitrogen is indi- cated by footnotes. Potash Forms. Wherever tests for chlorine showed a sufficient amount present to unite with all of the potash found, the source of the potash is designated as muriate. Wherever insufficient chlorine was found to account for all of the potash it is evident that forms of potash other than muriate were used. In such cases, the figures under the sub-heading "As muriate" do not imply necessarily that muriate of potash was actually added to the mixture, but that chlorine was present, probably from impurities in the fertilizer chemicals, in amounts to account for the percentage of potash indicated. The balance of the potash found is listed under the sub-heading "In forms other than muriate" and may be derived from sulfate, nitrate, or carbonate, as the case may be. 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M CU O fanh W oj > 03 c3 «8°8 «3°3 u to c. c lO CO Cj WW c 3 3 o o £ £ a> co o o ££ O WW P-.P-I o o bi o I- u o o <2>H o o o o •fl •ETC ■re be be « <; <■< << oooo 02 COCO i-i O _»_« 4< 3 3 3 5 o o o g Q QQ £ 0J C) cu be o o o a 03 o3 03 T3 CO ,0 O O O bo be be CCH CN "5tJi t^CN INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS 17 CO so II II II ■<*■* t} 1-1 a cn SO Ci 05 Q> Ooo ffl'iO coco ooo oo m COCO CNCN CNCN cn oo co oo CN .-I OS -H — I CN OS cj J2J2 o o i i oooo 22 S £ i i .2.2 coco —--3 t;t; a a St! © 0> CnCn h t- ^ oo o o co co 'TV oooo I I ■ow v cv 3 3 c a c3 cS oo 3 3 a a C3 sj Jjj ~ io m bB bi u i~ 33 mm ** 11 — .i' os c3 be bi J3J2 O CO a a o o mm <5<5 SS wM 0202 33 o J>!^ & is o o mm j^ j>s is fe o o mm CO CO SO CO o o tam mm -o-o C3 53 2 T CO I SO CO CO CO CO S3 2 2 'w Cn 1m il t* IH CO Cn CO CnCn Cn Cn — sa iJi-3 0 Ktt i 00 1 T CC T >>>> N 00 CO CO a C - a C - o 1- u o A o mm U u U U •3 "3 O S E - V § .2 O Cn O CO ■"< COCO •*■* ^ -* COLO i* CO CO O CO lOCO CO i-i CN CN il 18 £sf§ CONTROL SERIES No. 95 CO lO < o 3§£ £-h CO o -to 00 CO »rH co o IN Tf fi IH 00 OJ tN coo OS co l^t o o> ■* to LO t^ lO 00 o o lO o o •* CO 00 IN 0 lO iO -H t^ ,-C .-< o CM 00 o tO O 00 CJ O t» N r-i o O iO CO oo to 00 --I ho CO 05 00 i-i hHhH h CO -H h ■-c i-h IN CO CN © CO C5 CO -Ji -* t^O t~- >-i £ S S IN CM (N CN ll'oil .2 O < O 33 33 CD CD xx U t- a) a> cu 5 vSii « ' ) 55 « TT coco oo s a ob - o I ° OO X! 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O i-i "* 00 OJ CI i-i Oi a a to *o •3 o to J3 J3J3 J3 - 02 to (x< .e -a -a .SOO «3 O ft, to T B 3 * 3 o 5 « 5 m « h4 tf PQQQ «i m « ffl ffl COrH 11 -H rt 0 03 0 a O 0] 5 O O 3 to to PM - - S) i - 0 c w 01 0 a> 0 O O O > N N 11 n 22 CONTROL SERIES No. 95 U •d A) a Q 0 2 O 03 s p 3 o 09 H o < d § o m Q Sf-1 o X 00 O 6 i i i i i i i 1 1 i t 1 1 1 lO >o w » 01 ro o3 10 oooo N o© OH NO O0IN — t» o IO© -*hO t» Hio h© o CO H o 00 00 00 00 t^oo O ?1 CO CO o xoo m O C0IN.IO >o HO i-l IO OO >ct^ >o CO 00 o CO OH ■w NNH o i-l CO i— 1 i-H l-H t-H o© •"1 *^ ■* H© H •*»< oooooo IN coco ■*•<* HH •*■* •* ■* IO U5 ■o IOU5 alg on N t^O co 00 IN lOO OCO ON f~ r~ at 00 ooi-» coco>o N ©o ©00 OO ©00 o -■ 00 00 >o 0 So CO CM CO 85 P O ft Ofe Z •* O f»00 rt coo i-HCO HO NO N •* IO ,_, ■* H00 •* !OOIO U3 00O o^ OO OiOi © o 00 t^ o 1-1 .ts o • : ■ •,_J r-ii-l ,_J ,_, H Efc £ 03 .2 m agS ,_, t»H K)IO ON com CO (M -f ^H 00 HO lO IN 00 OS Ht^ OH H(N HCO IN w CO N H© CO t>iO"3 r-li-l IN IN IN IN INN (s is O O OO •8 d £ '3 o 0J H 3 d o3 1 O O o u 00 0J m a u A /. at o o CJ 03 - 3 3 d d 03 03 GO. 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INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS 23 rt o CO 03 00 lO 03© lOO CNCN ■* t-» to >n o> f^ CD 00 00 -H00 oo 00 CO CO r~ i<3 coco . oo C3 IN IN OJ N . t^ 00 C3 o co co co CO co coco ■* CO N t-~ 00 oo CO t~CD 8 IN IN ID CO >o 00 o o 00 on CO CD N o — 03 CN CN TJI CN 03 o r» t» •-I _ »H OS — CN lO io 1< U3 lO CO N CO N 00 00 00 00 o iO ■* -* iO CO 00 00 co o ■* •*f co 00 CO •* CO ■^03 oo co o lO o 3 00 00 03 o a> CN o ■^ 00 03 CN ^* ON 03 CO CO OO 00 00 00 1-1 1-1 "H •* ■n CO - lOCO lO 03 o 113 oo 00 lOi-i © 00 03 w o N CO co co OO U3 N CN o C3 03 03 00 CN ^* o^ o O O il d s O^* a H H 03 i-i co co I I l l "3 U3 CD N o o o o a • a • O O -d • H H P T3 T3 d d CD ca _ cs . 3 3 . S fe bl CU CD d d cu • cu ' .2 OO d 3 "3, "a . H .2 a O CO fe d § s Q o o o .o . a HH ~s H **>- 03 n 3 O 00 00 CM H* co © lOCO < ■* co oo 00 mco 00 OSO fr> <)'C 1 1 1 1 1 1 O 3 M © 00 ■*Tj< 6 o os co ft S CM CM CM ■S JxE -° 2 ~ 0 si o 3 co OS CM OS OS 35 ll r-H ■* CM o •* ^HOO •*CM CO CM 00 00 co lO CMiO t~ 00 CM 00 on CM 00 > ° «!° ■*' o ■* 00 1 1*. lO-* ft n "3 oo CM© o OOS o co CO CM t-co o CM CO . 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H -x mm DC m QQOQ 0Q XX mm 05 0 c — 0 0 a 0 H 4-> si h3 j= c a a = a a c C CI C3 1- t- a a ~ ■;•' J Ph — u 0 u a> a a> (B 1/ 5ir is — to oj ri -, 03 3 o3 03 £ c ;- ■3 HI ?1 O fc 43 J3 J 0 0 a WW w w WW M WW WW w u X 0 O u K " rH - O-H - Tf "5^ CO U3 rH 10 CO uo - - - - - H 26 CONTROL SERIES No. 95 Q P a z a < cu o 3 6 -6 0 a p o G M w 0 £|2 o . .2 CM © i i i i i i i -r eo ci in 03 5.47 6.07 6.98 6.52 4.16 7.00 5.12 Available Phosphoric Acid Found. 21.58 7.83 6.18 7.98 7.45 8.59 8.10 10.93 11.14 § P o En z w 0 o « 3 0 H 9.72 6.S5 8.89 7.34 7.36 4.01 4.90 5.34 5.85 0 c3 S t- O .10 3.84 2.00 3.28 2.45 . .88 1.03 1.36 2.69 .SO £En 9.52 .20 1.18 .80 1.36 1.01 1.08 1.77 .74 "3 .2 «i .10 2.81 5.71 3.26 3 . 55 2.12 2.79 2.21 2.42 1 K n Q Z « « p H O «! b. P 5 ■< fa o H a < Garden Hose Spray Co., Inc. "Arnold" Balanced Fertilizer 10-18-12 . Goulard & Olena, Inc. G & O Lawn-Garden & Flower Fertilizer 5-8-5 Thomas J. Grey Co. Grey's 9-6-6 Plant Food Hartney-Amalia, Inc. Hartney-Amalia Vitafood 7-7-6 Hartney-Amalia Vitafood 7-7-6 Allen Hersom Co. Neverfail 4-8-4 Neverfail 5-8-7 A. H. Hoffman, Inc. Hoffman's Plant Food 5-8-6 .... Independent Manufacturing Co. Smith's Mum Manure 5-6-5 .... S !; 1 CO 0. -H H CN i-t.1 IN OJ IT 1H INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS 27 OQ OOO OO OOO IN IN IN N (N COO "NCO COCO ONCO NN NN N CCi-C "00 05N NO T o TO IN CM T" ot N OS o--i ION O" X o i-O O moo CO CO oo CO 00 oo mo> CONO TON TCO COT N 00 00 oo T t~t^ oo o o :i oo NN CON OOO O" 00 IN TOO Til iC oco COIN oo T T nos coii tco oo :■: co 1- O N no COH OOO — N NO CO CIO HMN CO 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 CI 00 00 00 00 ^J N ~ oo O N OO OOO con i-l CO (NO to N oo 00 00 oo o T i-l IN i-C(N OO NO (N o — 00 gcs ss NCO OT OfiO ©on coco TT T TT TT T OO <-•-. O O o NN 00 00 N00 CO 00 00 NO! 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"o 2 "o ^2 f^P-, "c3 03 n Ph u 0) ■ £J "oPh S Cm U J3H oS SO S n^1 o 4) =3 X 03 u W 3 goS a c 5^ £ — -a JOft £ oPh an. u 03 O £ fc - 2 o w a" 3« o S o g o I-H M O US iH CO o o co co b. t^ r^ rH OS t~ co N CO OS CO 00 CO CM us © ©US CM CM OS 00 t>. C>l lH tH i-H t» cs oo oo us > «a Ph 3 co W -m a COS « - %. ■§ c "i w co S T3 O cu s d U a 1 O l-H ^ O - ^3 o' CQ M fH O cs a a Eh O O a d U o HI cs a 6 cj 13 3 3 d O o O K a < T as Q a el 0j cs Mh •8 3 •c — d 11 £ - g a < < «! ■< E 1 K u o o o < £ £ INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS 47 o 1Q cs os o o co co m os OS W OS O OS N co 3 t-» XCS lO o CO r~ OS U5"5 o t~ w CO oo TO m os WtO oo o eo O (N lO O CO oom i-i os co IN m IN N CO OS row lO to in CO O 1Q os CO co to wn «5"0 00 oo CO m CD O CO a o oo a 5 o o •f o o 5 OO ION O o lO CM o o O o ,H N .-in IN IN (N IN 1-tlH IN m CO IN OS N - COOS t-»x CO to W to con ox m o OS co SO co rt IN >-ico co eo IN rt IN NN IN o IN IN rt l-H -H N o CO 00 r-o N t*. OS N 00 N to o oo EO xo CO OS X o O N IN rt rtrH rt rt rt N 1-1 -H ^H N "* ■* CO os in HO OO oo N m N N m o o c XX O o r-^ o o O o ■* rt INN ■"* rt rt rt N •HiH N "" N CO o IN OS S NN IN-h O ?o m N CO f~N oo N O to OS N os CO lO (N INN ""' rt rt N N NN N H N co COCOOlCi-H iH 0) i-H ^»> U5 r-li-l rt pq M o v e>3 c3 h 3 M 3 ea«a 'si's* !£ 3 s^ £ £js £ r : as c CO 15 •B O g£ o a £ ■B & ^ ^ £ 03 £ 3 2 e 2 >i3 m £ £ Q 48 CONTROL SERIES No. 95 Miscellaneous Fertilizer Materials Ground Tobacco Stems. Phosphoric Potassium a> H 3 Acid. Oxide. Manufacturer. "O a t3 c T3 0 .2 a> a Et3 c £-0 C t--C S88 O 3 03 ~ cNcom COrfCN LO 115 l-» r* r~t t^ t^"tf<00 TfiON 0 00 00 OOO OS LO 1.0 -*f CO -HC0 06 co co co 1 00 OO O OOO coo 0 CD c 00 OO O oc 0 ceo 0 "2 '3 o 03 IT. IT. OO O co co co 10 d d d CNCN COCO CN CO CO co a 5 SB 3 3 £ ■S. 03 CS coo CN ©tJ-cO mt-o 0 < o ■*00 coio O m W 00 CCCSiO CS -3 6 ft CO IO 00 1^ ,-i IC •- — OSCNO co 0 s coco CN CO co CNCOCO CO ? -3 B c 03 a X Cv CO 1 1 1 1 1 8.8.8 1 1 1 1 < 0 3 ■g a 3 o J3 B a c o *0 0 3 O ft COCO HN !H CNCNO ff s CN 0 w .a ft 10 CO CNCN ■-CN CNCN CO CN -T M CN CNCNCN OOO CN CNCN CN U CD H 3 ■*CS "#CN co •>* cs-< CSCNi-~ 00 CO CO 00 O-tf 00 t^CSOO TJ- 0 00 T '3 -*TP COCO ■* COOOtT i-Htt CI O 3 0 n W ■efco 0 x X r. «J3 C CD OJ CD » — ^3-0 J« 5 0 6 CD 00 X CO :<« fc JSJ3 w= CO CO CO 0 1 •< K W PS 5 6 "to W a! O CD CD -3-B-a OOO ilizer C ton Hul ton Hul ton Hul 6 si < 5 rt CD CD "S — -^ N CO 71 .ace 2 0 0 m ° CO m CD -S •w o3 000 £££ ■OT3-0 Fert dCot dCot d Cot B cescz! JJ 3 3 Sec 4) O O *oo rt rt n? *y 'rD "CD 'cj 3^ 3 w CD CD . Joynt nada H: nada H: nada H; Deerfiel Id Deerfi Id Deerfi Id Deerfi *J O O .* CD CD — C3 > 03 OS 03 IS-OOO |o fcfflpq §w 2000 < 09 a 1-9 O 05 50 CONTROL SERIES No. 95 Colloidal Phosphate with Mineral Colloids This finely divided raw mineral phosphate was registered by Soil Builders, Inc., Division of Colloidal Products of America, Inc., Orlando, Florida. It analyzed as follows: Percent Percent Found Guaranteed 5.80 23.15 22.00 Moisture. ...... Total phosphoric acid . Phosphoric acid dissolved by neutral citrate of ammonia (so-called available phosphoric acid) 4.43 Phosphoric acid insoluble in neutral citrate of ammonia ...... 18.72 We believe that the evaluation of this product should depend largely upon the effectiveness of its phosphoric acid in growing crops. Vegetation experiments show but little difference between this product and finely ground Tennessee rock phosphate, so far as availability of the phosphoric acid is concerned. Tennessee rock phosphate containing 72 percent bone phosphate of lime (32.95 percent P205) was quoted in both the Oil, Paint & Drug Reporter and Chemical Markets & Chemical Industries at $4.50 per ton in bulk at the mines. An allowance of 20 percent overhead, $5.00 for freight, and $1.50 for bags, would bring the cost at northern points of distribution to $11.90 per ton, or 36 cents per unit of P205. At this rate the Colloidal Phosphate with Mineral Colloids, analyzing 23.15 percent phosphoric acid, should sell at northern points for $8.33 a ton. Two of the four lots sampled by our inspectors were being sold at $32.00 a ton, which is more than the average cash cost of a ton of 3-10-6 commercial fertilizer during 1938. Mender th Produc ed and sold by Mender th, Inc. , 126 State St., Boston, Mass. Plant Food Elements Found Soluble in Strong Hydrochloric Acid Guaranteed Potassium oxide . Phosphoric acid . Calcium oxide 1.21 .12 2. OS 2.25 3.00 .13 3.00 Magnesium oxide 2.00 Note: Commercial valuation per ton not over $1.50. DIRECTORY OF MANUFACTURERS WHO REGISTERED FERTILIZER FOR SALE IN MASSACHUSETTS IN 1938. Acme Guano Co., 416 Munsey Bldg., Baltimore, Md. Agricultural Laboratories, Inc., 3415 Milton Ave., Columbus, Ohio. American Agricultural Chemical Co., 285 River St., North Weymouth, Mass. American Cyanamid Co., 30 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N. Y. Apothecaries Hall Co., Benedict St., Waterbury, Conn. Armour Fertilizer Works, 120 Broadway, New York, N. Y. Ashcraft-Wilkinson Co., Atlanta, Ga. Atkins & Durbrow, Inc., 165 John St., New York, N. Y. Ernest J. Bantle, Glastonbury, Conn. Barrett Co., 40 Rector St., New York, N. Y. F. A. Bartlett Tree Expert Co., 60 Canal St., Stamford, Conn. Belmont Gardens, 170 Brighton St., Belmont, Mass. Berkshire Chemical Co., Bridgeport, Conn. Bisbee Linseed Co., Inc., 1 46 Cnurch St., Amsterdam, N. Y. Bisbee Linseed Co., 2100 Lincoln Liberty Bldg., Philadelphia, Penn. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS 51 Brague. Inc., South St., Hinsdale, Mass. Joseph Breck & Sons Corp., 85 State St., Boston, Mass. Buell Fertilizer Co., Exeter, N. H. C & R Sales Co., 45 Chatham St., Worcester, Mass. Central Soya Co., Inc., Fort Wayne, Ind. Chemi-Grow Ltd., 257 Werdin Place, Los Angeles, Cal. Chilean Nitrate Sales Corp., 120 Broadway, New York, N. Y. Clay & Son. Ltd., Stratford, London, England. Collins Seed Service Co., 131 Beverly St., Boston, Mass. Consolidated Chemical Industries, Inc., Woburn, Mass. Consolidated Rendering Co., 178 Atlantic Ave., Boston, Mass. Davey Tree Expert Co., Kent, Ohio. Dehydrating Process Co., 60 Mt. Washington Ave., Boston, Mass. E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Del. Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Springfield, Mass. Thomas W. Emerson Co., 215 State St., Boston, Mass. Excell Laboratories, 2625 Indiana Ave., Chicago, 111. Florida Humus Co., Zellwood, Florida. Flower City Charcoal Co., 135-49 Colvin St., Rochester, N. Y. Flower City Plant Food Co., Inc., 24 Church St., Pittsford, N. Y. Foodndrink Fertilizer Co., 25 Fair Oaks St., Cambridge, Mass. Ford Motor Co., 3674 Schaefer Road, Dearborn, Mich. H. L. Frost & Higgins Co.. 20 Mill St., Arlington. Mass. Garden Hose Spray Co., Inc., 292 Main St., Cambridge, Mass. Girvin Fertilizer Co., Inc., 1226 West Forsyth St., Jacksonville, Florida. Goulard & Olena, Inc., 140 Liberty St., New York, N. Y. Thomas J. Grey Co., 16 South Market St., Boston, Mass. Hartney-Amalia, Inc., 581 Boylston St., Boston, Mass. Allen Hersom Co., 74 Howard Ave., New Bedford, Mass. A. H. Hoffman, Inc., Landisville, Penn. Humphreys-Godwin Co., Memphis, Tenn. A. W. Hunt, Weston, Mass. Indenendent Manufacturing Co., Wheatsheaf Lane & Aramingo Ave., Philadelphia, Penn. International Agricultural Corp., 38 Chauncy St., Boston, Mass. J. W. Joynt, Lucknow, Ontario, Canada. Spencer Kellogg & Sons, Inc., 98 Delaware Ave., Buffalo, N. Y. L. B. Lovitt & Co., Memphis, Tenn. McClain Brothers Co., 263 Clark Bllg., Canton, Ohio. Menderth, Inc., 126 State St., Bosto >, Mass. Miller Cnemical & rertilizer Corp., 9_'0 South Caroline St., Baltimore, Md. Monsanto Chemical Co., Merrimac Division, Everett Station, Boston, Mass. Natural Guano Co., Aurora, 111. New England Rendering Co., Rear 39 Market St., Brighton, Mass. New England Toro Co., 1121 Washington St., West Newton, Mass. N. V. Potash Export My., Inc., of Amsterdam, Holland, 19 West 44 St., New York, N. Y. Norwood Fertilizer Co., 189 Oxford St., 1 ynn. Muss. Old Deerfield Fertilizer Co.. Inc., South Deerfield, Mass. Olds & Whipple, Inc., 168 State St., Hartford, Conn. Perkins Oil Co., 727 Beale Ave., Memphis, Tenn. F. G. Phillips Co., 37 Circuit Road, Dedham, Mass. Plantabbs Corp., Baltimore, Md. Plantspur Products Co., Inc., Ridgefield, N. J. Premier Poultry Manure Division, North American Car Corp., 327 South LaSalle St., Chicago, 111. Pulverized Manure Co., 503 Exchange Bldg., Union Stock Yards, Chicago, 111. John Reardon & Sons Co., 51 Waverly St., Cambridge, Mass. Rogers & Hubbard Co., Portland, Conn. N. Roy & Son, Rear 618 Newport Ave., South Attleboro, Mass. F. Rynveld & Sons, Inc., 149-155 West 24th St., New York, N. Y. Salem Chemical & Supply Co., Salem, Mass. O. M. Scott & Sons Co., Marysville, Ohio. Sewerage Commission of the City of Milwaukee, P. O. Box 2079, Milwaukee, Wis. M. L. Shoemaker & Co., Inc.. 3600 North Delaware Ave., Philadelphia, Penn. Soil Builders, Inc., Division of Colloidal Products of America, Inc., 319 First National Bank Bldg., Orlando, Florida. Standard Wholesale Phosphate & Acid Works, Inc., 1600 Mercantile Trust Bldg., Baltimore, Md. Stockdale Fertilizer Co., Morris, 111. Sutton & Sons Ltd., Reading, England. Swift A Company Fertilizer Works, 1305 Standard Oil Bldg., Baltimore, Md. Swift & Company Oil Mills, Atlanta, < Sa. F. Sylvester & Son, 86 Baxter St., Melrose, Mass. Synthetic Nitrogen Products Corp., 285 Madison Ave., New York, N. Y. Tennessee Corp., Lockland, Ohio. Universal Chemical Co., 106 Ontari" St., T ynn. Mj>«<=. Virginia-Carolina Chemical Corp., Richmond Trust Bl 'g., Richmond, Va. Walker-Gordon Laboratory Co., Inc., Plainsboro, N. J. C. P. Washburn Co., Mi< dleboro, Mass. W. W. Windle Co.. 95 West Main St., Millbury, Mass. Winslow Nurseries, 1808 Great Plain Ave., Needham, Mass. Thomas Wood & Sons, Inc.. 12-14 Midland Ave., Montclair, N. J. Woodard Bros., Greenfield, Mass. Woodruff fertiliser Works, Inc., Orange, Conn. F. H. Woodruff & Sons. Milford, Conn. F. A. Yeaw, 51 Union St., Greenfield, Mass. Publication of this Document Approved by Commission on Administration and Finance 3m-ll-'38. No. 5567 Massachusetts agricultural experiment station CONTROL SERIES BULLETIN NO. 96 NOVEMBER 1938 Seed Inspection By F. A. McLaughlin This Report, the eleventh in seed control service, is a record of work delegated to the Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station during 1938, by the Commissioner of Agriculture, who is named in the Act as Administrative Officer (Acts and Resolves of 1927, Chapter 274). Massachusetts State College Amherst, Mass. ANNOUNCEMENT The Seed Testing Laboratory will allow ten units of work free of charge, during any calendar year, to any resident firm or citizen of Massachusetts. Units are rated as follows: Units Purity analysis (red clover, timothy, etc.) 1 Purity analysis (bluegrass, orchard grass, etc.) 2 Purity analysis of a mixture of seeds (depending upon the number of kinds in the mixture) 4-10 Examination for noxious weeds (sample of 4 oz. or less) .... 2 Identification of seed or plant 1 Cleaning tobacco seed (4 oz. or less) 2 Germination test (4 x 100 seeds of any seed not chaffy or requiring purity analysis) 1 Germination test (soil, 2x100 seeds) 1 Germination test (chaffy grasses or seeds requiring purity analysis) 2 Fees for work in excess of the ten free units allowed to a citizen or resident firm of Massachusetts are as follows: Germination test of all crop seeds except grasses $0.25 Germination test of timothy 25 Germination test of all other grasses 50 Purity analysis of cereals 50 Purity analysis of timothy 75 Purity analysis of all other grasses 1.00 Purity analysis of all other crop seeds 75 Purity analysis of mixtures of not more than 2 kinds of agri- cultural seeds 1 00 Purity analysis of special mixtures, including lawn grasses and pasture mixtures — a charge sufficient to cover the actual cost of working the sample, depending entirely upon the character of the sample. Minimum charge 1.25 In no case will the final report be rendered until all fees are paid. SEED INSPECTION By F. A. McLaughlin* CONTENTS Page The Massachusetts Seed Law. as amended in 1938 3 Massachusetts Vegetable Seed Standards for 1939 7 Definition of "approximate" 7 1938 Official inspection of agricultural seeds 10 Results of field tests for trueness to type: Oats 72 Vegetable seeds 74 Flower seeds 81 Quality of onion seed produced in the Connecticut Valley in 1937 . . . 102 Cleaning tobacco seed 102 SEED LAW OF MASSACHUSETTS The Massachusetts Seed Law, originally enacted in 1027 and last amended in 1938, is here given in its present form. Although in effect in 1938, it will not be enforced until January 1, 1939, thereby giving sufficient time for seeds- men to become familiar with new provisions of the 1938 amendment and to comply with required procedure. Daniel J. Curran, Agriculturist State Department of Agriculture Chapter 94 As Amended by Chapter 288 of the Acts of 1937 and Chapter 363 of the Acts of 1938 SECTION 1. "Agricultural seeds" or "agricultural seed" in sections two hundred and sixty-one A to two hundred and sixty-one L, inclusive, the seeds of Canada Blue grass, Kentucky Blue grass, Brome grass, fescues, millets, tall meadow oat grass, orchard grass, red top, Bent grasses, Italian rye grass, peren- nial rye grass, kaffir corn, sorghum, Sudan grass, timothy, alfalfa, clovers, Canada field peas, cowpeas, soy-beans, mangels, vetches, and other grasses and forage plants, buckwheat, flax, rape, barley, field corn, oats, rye, wheat and other cereals which are sold, offered or exposed for sale within this commonwealth for use for seeding purposes therein. "Vegetable seeds," in sections two hundred and sixty-one A to two hundred and sixty-one L, inclusive, the seeds of those crops that are usually grown in Massachusetts in gardens or on truck farms and generally known and sold under the name of "vegetable seeds." "Noxious weed seeds," in sections two hundred and sixty-one A to two hun- dred and sixty-one L, inclusive, the seeds of quack grass (Agropyron repens) , Canada thistle (Cirsium Arvense), dodder species (Cuscuta Spp.), wild mustard species (Brassica Spp.) and English plantain (Plantago lanceolata). "Weed seeds," in sections two hundred and sixty-one A to two hundred and sixty-one L, inclusive, all seeds other than agricultural seeds and vegetable seeds as defined in this section, and other than flower seeds. "Inert matter," in sections two hundred and sixty-one A to two hundred and sixty-one L, inclusive, all foreign matter other than seeds. "Lot," in sections two hundred and sixty-one A to two hundred and sixty- one L, inclusive, contents of any container, open or sealed, from which or in which agricultural seeds are sold, offered or exposed for sale. 1 Assisted by Miss Jessie L. Anderson. Technical Assistant. CONTROL SERIES No. 90 SECTION 261A. Every lot of agricultural seeds, except as otherwise provided in sections two hundred and sixty-one B to two hundred and sixty-one L, in- clusive, shall have affixed thereto, in a conspicuous place, on the exterior of the container of such agricultural seeds, a plainly written or printed tag or label in the English language, stating: (a) The commonly accepted name and variety of such agricultural seeds. (b) The approximate percentage, by weight, of purity; meaning, the freedom of such agricultural seeds from inert matter and from other seeds distinguishable by their appearance. (c) The approximate total percentage, by weight, of weed seeds. (d) The name and approximate number per ounce of each kind of noxious weed seeds, which are present, singly or collectively, as follows: (1) in excess of one seed in each five grams of seeds of grasses, alfalfa and clovers; (2) in excess of one seed in each twenty-five grams of millets, rape, Sudan grass and other seeds of similar size not specified in subdivision (1) or (3) of this para- graph; (3) in excess of one seed in each hundred grams of wheat, oats, rye, barley, buckwheat, vetches, soybeans, cowpeas and other seeds as large or larger than wheat. (e) The approximate percentage of germination of such agricultural seed together with the month and year said seed was tested. (f) Name and address of the vendor of such agricultural seed. SECTION 261B. Mixtures of agricultural seeds which contain not more than two kinds of such seeds which are present in excess of five per cent by weight of each kind, shall have affixed thereto, in a conspicuous place on the exterior of the container of such mixture of seeds, a plainly written or printed tag or label, in the English language, stating: (a) That such seed is a mixture. (b) The name, variety and approximate percentage by weight of each kind of agricultural seed present in such mixture in excess of five per cent by weight of the total mixture. (c) Approximate total percentage by weight of weed seeds. (d) The name and approximate number per ounce of noxious weed seeds which are present singly or collectively in excess of one seed in each fifteen grams of such mixture. (e) Approximate percentage of germination of each kind of agricultural seed present in such mixture in excess of five per cent by weight, together with the month and year said seed was tested. (f) Name and address of the vendor of such mixture. SECTION 26 1C. Mixtures of agricultural seeds, exceDt as specified in section two hundred and sixty-one B, shall have affixed thereto in a conspicuous place on the exterior of the container of such mixture a plainly written or printed tag or label in the English language stating: (a) That such seed is a mixture. (b) The name, variety and approximate percentage by weight of each kind of agricultural seed which is present in excess of five per cent or more by weight of the total mixture. (c) The approximate total percentage by weight of weed seeds. (d) The approximate percentage of germination of each kind of agricultural seed present in each mixture in excess of five per cent by weight of the entire mix- ture, together with the month and year said seed was tested. (e) The approximate percentage by weight of inert matter. SEED INSPECTION (f) The name and approximate number per ounce of each kind of noxious weed seeds which are present singly or collectively in excess of one seed in each fifteen grams of such mixture. (g) Name and address of the vendor of such mixture. SECTION 261D. Each separate container of vegetable seeds shall have affixed thereto in a conspicuous place on the exterior of the container a plainly written or printed tag or label in the English language stating: (a) The kind of seed and variety. (b) The approximate percentage of germination of each vegetable seed, to- gether with the month and year said seed was tested, provided such seed germina- tion is less than the standard germination test for such seed for the current year, as determined by the director of the Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Sta- tion and approved by the commissioner of agriculture. (c) The name and address of the vendor, packer or processor of such vegetable seeds. Each separate container of flower seeds shall have affixed thereto in a con- spicuous place on the exterior of the container a plainly written or printed tag or label stating: (a) The kind of seed and variety. (b) The name and address of the vendor, packer or processor of such flower seeds. SECTION 261E. Agricultural seeds or mixtures thereof may be marked "not tested" and seeds so marked or labeled shall have affixed thereto in a conspicuous place on the exterior of the container of each lot of such "not tested" seeds, a plainly written or printed tag or label in the English language stating: (a) That such seed is "not tested". (b) The name and address of the vendor of such "not tested" seeds. When any agricultural seeds or mixtures thereof or vegetable seeds or flower seeds are sold in bulk directly to and in the presence of the purchaser from a box or other container, the tag or label required by any provision of sections two hundred and sixty-one A to two hundred and sixty-one E, inclusive, may be affixed in a conspicuous place on the exterior of the box or other container from which such seeds are sold, instead of on the wrapper or other container of the package delivered to the purchaser. SECTION 261F. Agricultural seeds or mixtures thereof shall be exempt from the provisions of sections two hundred and sixty-one A to two hundred and sixty- one L, inclusive: (a) When sold to merchants to be recleaned before being sold or exposed for sale for use for seeding purposes. (b) When in storage for the purpose of recleaning or not possessed, sold or offered for sale for use for seeding purposes within the commonwealth. SECTION 261G. The commissioner of agriculture and his duly authorized assistants shall have authority to enforce sections two hundred and sixty-one A to two hundred and sixty-one L, inclusive, and to prosecute all violations thereof. Before any prosecution is begun by said commissioner or any of his duly authorized assistants, the parties concerned shall be given an opportunity to be heard before said commissioner or a person designated by him for such pur- pose. The parties concerned shall be given a reasonable notice of the hearing, specifying the day, hour and place thereof, and accompanied by a description of the alleged violation. SECTION 261H. The commissioner of agriculture, either in person or by his assistants, shall have free access at all reasonable hours to each building or other place where agricultural seeds or mixtures thereof are stored, sold or offered CONTROL SERIES No. 96 or exposed for sale for the purpose of inspection of such seeds and, upon tendering the market price, may take samples of such agricultural seeds or mixtures thereof for tests and analyses. Such samples shall be thoroughly mixed and two official samples taken therefrom; each official sample shall be securely sealed. Such official samples shall be submitted by said commissioner or his deputy to the director of the Massachusetts agricultural experiment station, in this and the four following sections called the director, for testing and analyzing. One of such samples shall be held by the director or his duly authorized assistant at the dis- posal of the person named on the label as the vendor of the agricultural seed samples, for six months after the results of the analysis, have been reported as provided in the following section, and the other sample retained by the director or such assistant for analysis. The commissioner of agriculture may order that any agricultural seeds or mix- tures thereof, vegetable seeds or flower seeds, the containers of which he finds are not tagged or labeled, as provided in sections two hundred and sixty-one A to two hundred and sixty-one E, inclusive, or which do not conform to the state- ments made upon the tags or labels attached to the containers thereof, be with- held from sale until properly tagged or labeled or until made to conform to the tags or labels thereon. Any person aggrieved by such an order may, within ten days of the entry thereof, appeal therefrom by petition to the superior court in the county where he resides or has his usual place of business or in the county of Suffolk. The court shall hear such petition speedily in accordance with the usual course of procedure in equity, and may affirm, modify or revoke such order. Such order shall remain in force until so modified or revoked. SECTION 2611. The director shall cause such tests and analyses as he may specify to be made of samples collected under the preceding section in order to determine the quality of the seeds contained in such samples. The results of all such analyses shall be reported to the commissioner of agriculture. To enable the director to determine the trueness to type or variety of vegetable and other seeds he shall provide that field tests be made of such samples of seeds as he may designate and may publish the results of all such tests and analyses as are made in accordance with the provisions of this section. SECTION 261J. The word "approximate" as used in sections two hundred and sixty-one A to two hundred and sixty-one L, inclusive, shall be defined in rules and regulations promulgated by the director. SECTION 26 IK. Any person residing or doing business in this common- wealth shall have the privilege of submitting to the director samples of seeds for test and analysis, subject to such rules and regulations as may be adopted by the director, including a reasonable charge or fee for such test and analysis. Receipts under this section shall be paid into the treasury of the commonwealth. SECTION 261L. Whoever sells, offers or exposes for sale any lot of agricul- tural seeds or mixtures thereof or vegetable seeds or flower seeds, without com- plying with the requirements of sections two hundred and sixty-one A to two hun- dred and sixty-one K, inclusive, applicable thereto, or in violation of any order, under section two hundred and sixty-one H, of the commissioner of agriculture, or of the superior court if an appeal is taken, or whoever falsely marks or labels any such seeds or mixtures or impedes, obstructs or hinders the commissioner of agri- culture or any of his duly authorized agents, or the director or any of his duly authorized assistants, in the discharge of the authority or duties conferred or imposed by any provision of said sections, shall be punished by a fine of not more than five hundred dollars. SEED INSPECTION MASSACHUSETTS VEGETABLE SEED STANDARDS FOR 1939 SECTION 261D (b) of the Seed Law requires that a set of standards for germination of vegetable seeds be determined each year by the Director of the Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station and approved by the Commissioner of Agriculture. The following set of standards for 1939 has been so determined and approved: GERMINATIOf STANDARD % KIND OF SEED Asparagus 65 Beans Large — seeded Limas 70 Small — seeded Limas 80 Other varieties, not includ- ing Limas 80 Beets 65 Broccoli 75 Brussels Sprouts 70 Cabbage 75 Carrot 55 Cauliflower 75 Celeriac 55 Celery 55 Chard, Swiss 65 Chicory 65 Citron 65 Collard 75 Corn, sweet 75 Cress, curled 70 Cress, water 40 Cucumber 80 Dandelion 55 Dill 60 Egg Plant 60 Endive 70 Kale 75 KIND OF SEED GERMINATION STANDARD % Kohl Rabi 75 Leek 60 Lettuce 80 Melons Muskmelon 80 Watermelon 70 Okra 50 Onions 75 Parsley 60 Parsnip 60 Peas 80 Peppers 60 Pumpkin 75 Radish 80 Rutabaga 75 Sage 60 Salsify 70 Spinach (not including New Zealand) 60 Squash 75 Summer Savory 60 Sweet Basil 50 Sweet Fennel 60 Sweet Marjoram 65 Thyme 60 Tomato 80 Turnip 80 In the enforcement of the law no tolerances will be allowed below the minimum standards adopted. "APPROXIMATE" Section 261 J. The word "approximate" as used in sections two hundred and sixty-one A to two hundred and sixty-one L, inclusive, shall be defined in rules and regulations promulgated by the director. On account of the unavoidable variations which occur between two analyses or tests and likewise between the label statements and those found by subsequent analysis, it is necessary to make allowance for these expected variations. The allowance or tolerances permitted under the meaning of the word "approximate" as applied to both purity and germination statements before a lot of seed is reported, published, or indicated as being below the standard of guarantee or markings, shall be those provisionally defined in the formulae adopted by the Association of Official Seed Analysts and found in the "Rules of Seed Testing", except that in the enforcement of Section 261D of the Seed Law, no tolerances will be allowed below the minimum germination standards adopted. CONTROL SERIES No. 96 1938 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS From December 1, 1937, to December 1, 1938, the Seed Laboratory received and worked 2424 samples of seed. Of these, 1027 were official samples collected by the State Department of Agriculture from the open markets in 84 towns and cities of Massachusetts; and 1397 were samples sent in by seedsmen, farmers, and the American Can Company. Classification of these samples is shown in the following summary. The total number of tests required for the 2424 samples was 3372, 857 for purity and 2515 for germination. Number of NUMBER OF TESTS Samples Purity Germination 444 Field Crops for Purity and Germination 444 444 5 Field Crops for Purity Only 5 7 Field Crops for Germination Only 7 143 Lawn Mixtures for Purity, Germinations involving 504 ingredients 143 504 71 Lawn Mixtures for Purity Only 71 1 Lawn Mixture for Germination Only 1 1342 Vegetable Seeds for Germination 1342 152 Flower Seeds for Germination Only 152 194 Flower Seeds for Purity Only 194 15 Tree Seeds for Germination Only 15 50 Tobacco Seeds for Germination Only 50 2424 857 2515 Explanation of the Tables In these tables the seeds are listed in alphabetical order by groups, each group containing only those seeds, the sale of which is regulated by a definite section of the Massachusetts Seed Law. Section 261-A of the Acts and Resolves of 1927, Chapter 274, defines the group from Alfalfa to Wheat, inclusive; Section 261-B, Mixtures; Section 261-C, Special Mixtures; and Section 261-D, Vegetables. The number preceding each analysis is for identification and reference. The line to the right of the letter "L" gives information copied from the label; that to the right of "F", what was found in the laboratory analysis. Attention is called to certain irregularities by the following: The asterisk (*) shows violation in labeling. Boldface type indicates low purity, low germination, excessive weed seed, noxious weeds not declared, or excessive inert material, depending upon the column in which it is found. Other deficiencies are enumerated as follows: (1) Noxious weeds found. (2) Old seed (as shown by given date or by correspondence with the whole- saler). (3) Ingredient found, but not declared. (4) Ingredient declared, but not found. (5) Ingredient declared, but percentage found after adding proper tolerance is less than 5%. (6) Term not specific. (7) Wholesaler claims this seed not sold by him. The letter "R" after the germination percentage in the table of vegetable seeds indicates that the sample has received one or more retests. SEED INSPECTION All lots of seed included in this report were tested according to the rules for Seed Testing adopted by the Association of Official Seed Analysts. "Tolerance" is applied to both purity and germination, except in those tables which list seeds falling under sections of the law not requiring purity or germina- tion on the label. For the application of "Purity Tolerance", the sample is con- sidered as made up of two component parts: (1) the component being con- sidered, and (2) the balance of the sample. The tolerance in percentage allowed for each component shall be two-tenths of one per cent (0.2%) plus twenty per cent (20%) of the lesser of the two parts. "Germination Tolerance" has been applied between a given germination and the result of the germination test as follows: GIVEN GERMINATION ALLOWABLE VARIATION (%) 90 or over 6 80 or over, but less than 90 7 70 or over, but less than 80 8 60 or over, but less than 70 9 Less than 60 10 After December 31, 1938, no tolerance will be allowed for vegetable seed below the minimum germination standards adopted. 10 CONTROL SERIES No. 96 0 H w en - as s fid o o z o H U u a. Z u. 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Eu Eu MX — Id o© « Co. u x 0 c 0 2 £^° £Eu t-H Cfa 30 CONTROL SERIES No. % £ ° ^ V CO C c u 5~£ Q w H H - U 2 o :rj« ra (J a o o ta m J M.S -r V B H >. c/5 " 01 <5 n) En om u « t> Wf. °g ao » r.' o u Q ,_ °>w So, !/!0 . u --S MX u w o <« «> . 55 bcU j?C/3 v -■ o > - u >c/5 - H o a - S o; [flJO .55/5 Uuu Pi °"a O -o . «s « c c >. c/rca o u H « Uo § t/5-^U «H co» H Pi • c« . W B.S „ >» C/5 5 2.5<5 H c c c5 SEED INSPECTION 31 CO 00 TO CO 05 05 >H l H 7 OO^O O lO 00 oo 00 ^ t- CI C. C5 Sb«o PL, CO Ol-H © -* o 0),5C0 Oi oo "-1 OJ? o us « *l • O*"1 .5 CO ^ OS „ >— > > c3 o wu 2 ** V u P4 < fa >< H 13 O ^O ttii x CO'* v Q o. fa S hCO 32 CONTROL SERIES No. 96 O 2 u £-# CU 'Si <~ O rt C ?i Z^3 Ot3 4) fflO L)g rli^HHO i-O r-i 05 i> 05 DiNHH ■y »,fa -2 O o o o o o Momtos 9 S» T3 'J ^a ou > £.» >fa pq 3 v~v " u r U M O t/3 3 . 2 3 >£' u-, u a, 3 eg 3 O « - Jfa •M O t> O C5 o ^o i> rH o ■tJ 3S"C Cft OS <- M rH 05 •* © ■A ?> i> ■* ci o _ U 33 - "S ° JJ 3 c/i 3 o ■a 2 60 O 3 u £ >- fa fa .gTJ-SSg-s fa SS fa P3^ O SEED INSPECTION 33 J to J to >> p SO r2 ., o so p2u £ •^ ,n u (u - o. \p «2 rt " O (- CO ri X -f' 05 c-i o WS 3 ou u hJ to ON O rt pq Sir pq p 0..C o . 5otJ3» j-ou-o p c"£ O o o» O-g j j; u e r-Ixi o n CO | S.rtMg^S'i „Pi/>Cjp,-!l;P4j .^ " u o be «j tf 60°= C 1) o- o o w^ 3(H j„ — ^ i> r uvj oto O 2 2 u o§&al- U x ° '- - * pj p p «c.«pq £.= . r* V £ >> ■* e* nuft c .no o. J"SE iTcy i- ca o i- co H (N O O N E- OS 4> bo k5 rt g ^j 00 ^ « 47 u I*..4' bo.2 •no- hH ^*> ~ O0_.X C/> y 53 ft rj ' 2m< .2 3 £ C?SvSS(£'S 3 E v ooc .fc§Soic««QuUW SEED INSPECTION 35 © © co co m co -* {- :/) goo © CU (j bC; .U© . C li-U - ' „ »o° oi «©2 m* JS* c«|SS-M rt < &= 3 £ g be > 3C/} 2[2 D «J 3 **" lJ O to °S *r U ST.C F O J3 U CU O B C fa* © © . Ei2 00 o ■M CO C c« ,8& E# cu© k • -3 £;; v old K Uc- " i I f*2 :Ss 1> £ S» 3 - o o -* *t <© — - t- -* CO CO 00 ©* CO 00 t^ CO 10 ift *c -* CO ^3 u Sfec tar 3 co O co 0 0 ^ r! 5-« HM q «§*§* C co ^■coS-iTbo , 3 *i i> u-r _ Je§SSgg cu "S cu c v 3) O js cu UK cu ■ - 2 3 cu bo BJ Spq OS^o 3iTj w 00 rt 2 3 00 ^<« ^■1 ^ S:K£ o^3 5 Ch 2 ,° o c -3-5 -*^ cu O- o* 10 O. U CU Oc/2 cu O 3 _^ 36 CONTROL SERIES No. 96 O g u J** 3 i>^ PhC/3 £2 c3 c v CO °"S o u u 3;r M £ O UTlfQ « %,% » ° St u in 1) 3-- V c o rt £ * ■ - # X ° * 5 00£ O '1 3 u £ ISW, JM1 en 3 S ^ c-,,i ft ,-, >>- r* hit*" n d=&~fc o fr- 01 . . ■ 00 Hi 4J a £i O' 3 X Oh H Si-'bo „t) DC Hi u 3-g bo^ in D 3-- :# - u(2^ U >> o ■— t3-3'> a— - > JJo-°o3ii ' - >.i<( U J fe SEED INSPECTION 37 •« S bo Is ftjjE o u — u. ? o PS 3 DM 1r& assigns i- o t-^ -r so cc cn « ri ,-i ta.2k 2X1 c o bo £ 3 urfc 15 -bo" 2 3>0 «W hU n .t: urn pl, H iJ ??' m'-' ft-C too C •S nj o g cj.5 o Sj=S n a q.art u td "> !2 E-i ~ *J CO Hi 41 CJ C5 Pi o J J; X u o ' cG J5 bo r^ T3 g< rt 3.= - o so v- ccM C s-* % 2 S«a : w >3 « -a si o « ja u) C C 3 > 3 « c* Cfl P5^ o a o o 3 « 4i 4i r; 38 CONTROL SERIES No. % u UT3 U cn Q fa - fa OS H P U I— 1 fa OS H w z W fa u^ en ■o"' J >- n! <; 4) ' "g ts.s CQ ° ti fa fa o co i a £ O o 1) CO 3^ So On h .M - U ■ -i ! u "3 ^ u J) ^ ODIOiH pq en a m u 2 - D°f y c -* iu DC* c v S.*2lr.3J2 ^£ 2 Sb"8 2 § 2 2 tf C u C^Ta'JEi oH«>.3«l« HIT JJ Q O £ o o ooo OffiHMOO inf-i 1 1) o » ««?■" in woo c ° +J ■£ .t! c 3 £ p r-i t- s» s <-> r« 5 3 JU>Jh -"hi. u a*? m2<-> VI CJ u gc^.t: "2 ft JU rt — Cm ,.* o o o o o jfe «tf > - ^ ^ i> ■c « S 0r ri c- — ro Q « S"H ^ "-a £ ■J fe m „ ft o w Jog ±i ■£ £ ■ - P3 « h >» O . . Q* r M CD O « ^. o ife Oh i7i.1t K O O •* M<0<0 P3 3.* " -^ u Z x 3 rj M r •a o V „r_) t/j o . U U3 3 V O M y u (isido 3 ° pq ~-. « o >^ Pi co ft lH-g O.'S U5Sc'°° 1 Ec - ,u > _S ails co «• w ^ 2 •£ "^ *5 u u 3 .1 Pi"— > " AS Is bfe cS o 'o in r w,3 (30 , £ p. # :f > t> n_opn IS Ph -£ " c . „ 5 5 Ace" s'S m i! 5psh.^p.«^S JS o 2P5 -*" t! fx u *w U «H" 4) 8£g (—4 4J .Jed 0-T325U o-ts« Pi.2< P3 ° ^^ O Pi be" ■£•0 o'C Ul u 3 «1 how o o < u:g SEED INSPECTION 41 S ° S*>£ 0 22 *> <3^E u rt o 3 0 a 2 •S"0 o _ - to l> 3 — T cw -bos bO U 0£ 3nHO0 pq ^ g, th « 6^-5 . W- u ~ if- a o s;« Q V} j » is p j» 5 • s U < 05 C X ct I - • ~ i- a c ■ x ^ ed >^' - r 2 S-2H 2S ■ bo j; >>~ u K— > _o >U n-s'S " , - „ £ o a 2 2 ■* -r 00 |H ^ IN >-•? ■* . ** - :- S — ■- 5 M li bo u fcjt/i « o 3 ---' >-.CJ'bo O 3 «' >.2 ax. ~ a'i: j; EM fa 00 N !>ei l-i S£ ^S^ ^&" •*-gCH« Cifa 42 CONTROL SERIES No. 96 -T3 -i iocowo o c }g j oi n ►t- r. rn «« MOtoon id O.-r OOOIOO CO MITI § coco H^ < r5 sis O 50 O CO * s« i> CO rH Pi m M S? OOlOt-O) O Jt; i» coioiat-co oo O o -o 00 J . «, . .2 ut-j O H jh in to 2 cm CO PS 1)1- c 3S^ I 5 1 co p pqO pq g In 00 1 rH 1 CO 00 H _ > X .2 o o CJ oa s | 9 on! « ^3 „ «coo J 5 co - s Mcu U ■ i>: j> ■* •* ■ tS -a -S,^ 5 S m "S ■JSco m << o 5j wra c.rt o «3 £ < Pir3&;s< p 00 ^ "* o U ci i6 -t^ COCO r-H H : : : : : * - ... r» >! K • " . . . K C "^ CN! OOoNH • I • ■ • H 3 grt rH ■ • " ' " £H P ■ . • • • • o p! > "d ■ ■ " ' ' ^ U^ X : : : : : g * • : : : • 8 &■.<- « o 1— 1 H MH O 0 -> o U rt C £ ZH2 U QJ fa ! a : • • • • S ™ w . • • ' ■ 50 kr r ►** . • • • c-o <"x "S •*■ in CO u be Cl> 11 3 CJ 1) x W'J5 «^ i|h CO C-d .2 in : £gs | w :e I Sg2^22 J ^ ° ^ ^ O 'I £* o m U .H'tmo l- In C.f ^ Que ^ It 1) 13 4^ rS-d t^EE hhPh < W £ P PftSlOO lOOl* fe 3^^COCO CMtN'-' .fS 5 o o ■o 34 .is rH rH SEED INSPECTION 43 1938 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES Lab. No. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Germination Month Found of Test % 1938 ASPARAGUS EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass. 1326 Mary Washington 81 June (Wholesaler's germination test 86%-1938) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Springfield BEANS COMSTOCK-FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 1120 Burpee's Stringless 96 ^pril A. E. Wardell, New Bedford 1121 Kentucky Wonder Green Pod 87 April A. E. Wardell, New Bedford 1375 French Dwarf Horticultural 90 May J. S. Nason & Co., Westboro 1376 Kentucky Wonder Wax 98 May J. S. Nason & Co., Westboro 1377 Bountiful 98 May J. S. Nason & Co., Westboro 1378 Pencil Pod Black Wax 97 May J. S. Nason & Co., Westboro 1379 Burpee's Stringless Greenpod 96 May J. S. Nason & Co., Westboro 1380 Golden Wax 85 May J. S. Nason & Co., Westboro EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Worcester, Mass. 1020 French Horticultural, Mottled Red Green Pod, Lot No. 15218... 98 May (Wholesaler's germination test 98%-1937) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Worcester 1021 Pencil Pod Wax, Lot No. 2F 32.217 88 May (Wholesaler's Germination test 87% 1/1938) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Worcester 1022 Stringless Green Pod, Lot No. 2C 3317 91 May (Wholesaler's Germination Test, 87% — 1937) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Worcester THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 1061 Burpee's Stringless Greenpod \ 94 April Lincoln Square Paint & Hardware Co., Worcester 1078 Dwarf Horticultural 95 April Wallace Grain Co., Clinton , 1080 Kentucky Wonder Greenpod 94 May Wallace Grain Co., Clinton 1559 Burpee's Lima Bush 74 May Goodman Hardware Co., Framingham 1600 Scarlet Runner 95 May Thomas W. Emerson Co., Boston 1601 French Dwarf Horticultural Bush 99 May Thomas W. Emerson Co., Boston CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 1063 Pencil Pod Black Wax — Low Bush 90 May Waite's Hardware Co., Worcester 1111 Golden Wax 90 May Saunders Hardware Co., Middleboro 1232 Pole Horticultural ; 97 May Leominster Hardware Co., Leominster 44 CONTROL SERIES No. 96 1938 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued % 1938 Lal, Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Germination Month No.' Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Found of Test BEANS — Continued CHARLES C. HART SEED CO. — Concluded 1233 Round Pod Kidney Wax 97 May Leominster Hardware Co., Leominster 1238 Six Weeks' Green 97 Ma>' Gavin Hardware Co., Leominster 1539 Burpee's Stringless Greenpod 93 June Sawyer's Hardware Co., Framingham 1540 Dwarf Horticultural 91 June Sawyer's Hardware Co., Framingham 1511 Pencil Pod Black Wax 89 June Sawyer's Hardware Co., Framingham 1588 Unrivalled Wax W Ma>' Fletcher Hardware Co., Watertown HOLBROOK-MARSHALL CO., Nashua, N. H. 1845 Yellow Refugee 8° Ju»e Harvey Brown, Billerica D. LANDRETH SEED CO., Bristol, Pa. 1049 Brittle Wax, No. 3823 '9 APnl Elwood Adams, Worcester 1158 Top Notch Golden Wax 77 May P. A. Richard Hardware Co., Spencer MICHAEL LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago, 111. 1561 Improved Golden Wax 89 June St. George Hardware Co., Framingham 1562 Pencil Pod Black Wax 95 June St. George Hardware Co., Framingham 1563 Webber Wax 90 June St. George Hardware Co., Framingham ] 564 Kentucky Wonder Wax 97 May St. George Hardware Co., Framingham 1567 Dwarf Greenpod 91 June St. George Hardware Co., Framingham JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. V. 1100 Early Red Valentine 94 April George E. Doane, Middleboro 1101 Bountiful 92 April George E. Doane, Middleboro 1102 Davis White Wax 78 April George E. Doane, Middleboro 1 ) 03 Golden Wax Dwarf 95 April George E. Doane, Middleboro 1104 Black Wax Dwarf 91 April George E. Doane, Middleboro 1134 Golden Wax Dwarf 74 May R. E. Faulkner & Co., Palmer I 1 85 Surecrop Wax 98 May R. E. Faulkner & Co., Palmer 1 200 Pencil Pod Black Wax 95 May H. S. Chadbourne Co., Milford JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. V. 1 204 Black Wax Dwarf Podded 90 May H. S. Chadbourne Co., Milford 1205 Improved Golden Wax 60 May H. S. Chadbourne Co., Milford SEED INSPECTION 45 1938 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued % 1938 Lab. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Germination Month Na' Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Found of Test BEANS — Concluded JEROME B. RICE SEED CO. — Concluded 1510 Red Kidney 90 May Lamson Hardware Co., Marlboro 1511 Kentucky Wonder Wax (Pole) 98 May Lamson Hardware Co., Marlboro 1512 Burpee's Stringless Greenpod 90 June Lamson Hardware Co., Marlboro 1587 Wardwell's Wax 90 May Fletcher Hardware Co., Watertown ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mas.. 1166 Pencil Pod Black Wax 96 May Allen Wheeler, Clover Farm, West Brookfield 1167 Dwarf Horticultural 96 May Allen Wheeler, Clover Farm, West Brookfield 1386 Golden Wax 69 May Swan's Hardware Co., Westboro F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 1525 Kentucky Wonder (Old Homestead) 97 June Robinson's Hardware Co., Hudson 1526 Golden Wax 97 June Robinson's Hardware Co., Hudson 1527 Kentucky Wonder Wax 97 June Robinson's Hardware Co., Hudson 1528 Goddard 96 June Robinson's Hardware Co., Hudson 1529 Worcester Pole 83 June Robinson's Hardware Co.. Hudson 1545 Lima . S6 June Boston Supply Co., Framinghani 1546 Improved Golden Wax 96 June Boston Supply Co., Framingham 1 547 Bountiful 95 June Boston Supply Co., Framinghani 1549 Six Weeks' Long Yellow. 97 June Boston Supply Co., Framinghani 1550 King Horticultural 84 June Boston Supply Co., Framinghani S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS, Orange, Conn. 1270 Improved Yellow Eye 95 May Central Hardware Co., Fitchburg 1534 Dwarf Yellow Eye 90 June Auhuchon Co., Hudson 1535 Improved Golden Wax 90 June Aubuchon Co., Hudson 1536 Black Wax Dwarf 97 June Aubuchon Co., Hudson 1537 Kentucky Wonder 88 June Aubuchon Co., Hudson WHOLESALER UNKNOWN 1538 Lowe's Champion 79 June Sawyer's Hardware Co., Framingham 46 CONTROL SERIES No. 96 1938 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued Lab. No. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected % 1938 Germination Month Found of Test BEETS JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, CORP., Boston, Mass. 1420 Crosby's Egyptian „■,;•„•,•■, Pebeco Hardware Co., Wellesley 1577 Crosby's Red Egyptian . 76 C. H. Campbell Co., Inc., Newton Corners 1579 Detroit Dark Red 86 C. H. Campbell Co., Inc., Newton Corners 1583 Dewing's Early Blood..... • 90 Moore & Moore, Inc., Newton Corners COMSTOCK-FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 1183 Detroit Dark Red °5 Adams & Co., Holliston 1278 Crosby's Egyptian ■•■••• • • • • • • ■ • • 86 George L. Moison Hardware Co., Oroton EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Worcester, Mass. 1028 Late Market Globe ,••«••: ',;.- / Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Worcester fa<;TFRN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, West Springfield i s^ Detroit Late Market Globe No. 3, C 2217 86 1335 Detr?whL;,ee,aier's Germination Test, 74%-12/1937) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, West Springfield i iune Joseph Breck & Sons Corp., Boston 1 491 Danish Ballhead Longstem No. 8016F 78 June Joseph Breck & Sons Corp., Boston 1 492 Premium Drumhead No. 5220C . Joseph Breck & Sons Corp., Boston W. F. COBB CO., Franklin, Mass. June 1812 American Drumhead bavoy W. F. Cobb Co., Franklin COMSTOCK-FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 1280 Wakefield Early Jersey (2) ........... George L. Moison Hardware Co., Groton THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Muss. g„ 1197 Late Flat Dutch...... F. A. Gould, Milford , . 0 June 1214 Early Winnigstadt . • • • ■ • ■ Uxbridge Hardware Co., Uxbridge ,,, , ,. , , 92 June 1215 Early Jersey Wakefield......... Uxbridge Hardware Co., Uxbridge EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Worcester, Mass 1033 Short Stem Ballhead, Lot No. 418. . (Wholesaler's Germination Test. 90%-WlJdO Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Worcester 1034 Drumhead-Savoy, Flat, Late Lot No 6 J r 14M ». . . . . ■ 8* APril (Wholesaler's Germination Test, 8b%-12/l.).i- ; Eastern States Farmers' Exchange. Worcester CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. ^ Apdl 1 067 Danish Ballhead .. . • • . • • • Waite's Hardware Co., Worcester ■rx 18 June 1234 Premium Late Flat Dutch Leominster Hardware Co., Leominster D. LANDRETH SEED CO., Bristol, Pa. 3_ June 1162 Danish Ballhead-Short Stem.... P. A. Richard Hardware Co., Spencer LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago, 111. 7(| October 1819 Improved American Savoy ..... . • • Kingman Hardware Co., Franklin ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. f>(1 June 1171 Stone Mason A. S. Tucker, Warren 2 June 1175 Copenhagen Market A. S. Tucker, Warren 62 June 1390 Danish Ballhead • • • • • • Fred's Hardware Store, \\ estboro 57 June 1391 Copenhagen Market.. ••• ■■ ■• Fred's Hardware Store, Westboro STERLING SEED CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 77 june 1476 Danish Ballhead-Short Stem Strain (Packed for 1938) Grant's Store, Waltham SEED INSPECTION 49 1938 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued % 1938 Lab. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Germination Month No. Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Found of Test CABBAGE — Concluded F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 1348 Golden Acre 54 June James Splann Estate, South Deerfield 1349 Red Rock • 56 June James Splann Estate, South Deerfield 1453 Late Drumhead Savoy 96 June Marlboro Hardware Co., Marlboro UNKNOWN 1283 Penn State No. 3 82 June George L. Moison Hardware Co., Groton CARROTS JOSEPH BRECK & SONS CORP., Boston, Mass. 1422 Long Orange 82 May Peboco Hardware Co., Wellesley 1421 Danvers Half Long 68 May Peboco Hardware Co., Wellesley 1486 Danvers Half Long No. 8020H 62 May Joseph Breck & Sons Corp., Boston 1487 Long Orange No. 8025H 7 7 May Joseph Breck & Sons Corp., Boston 1488 Chantenay No. 8234X 72 May Joseph Breck & Sons Corp., Boston 1489 Breck's Market Garden Danvers Half Long No. 8339 69 May Joseph Breck & Sons Corp., Boston COMSTOCK-FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 1094 Hutchinson 74 April W. M. Lee Co., Clinton 1096 Danvers Half Long Orange . 79 April W. M. Lee Co., Clinton 1279 Improved Danvers Half Long 72 May George L. Moison Hardware Co., Groton 1694 Chantenay 64 April Lockhart Hardware Co., Natick EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, West Springfield, Mass. 1329 Danvers Half Long Tapering Late 65 May Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, West Springfield 1330 Nantes Long No. 7 A 32127 86 May (Wholesaler's Germination Test, 70%-12/1937) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, West Springfield 1331 Hutchinson No. 7 A 1617 89 May (Wholesaler's Germination Test, 79%-12/1937) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, West Springfield THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 1002 Danvers Half Long 66 April P. H. Adams Hardware Co., Northboro 1211 Improved Long Orange 66 May Uxbridge Hardware Co., Uxbridge 1557 Improved Long Orange 65 May Goodman Hardware Co., Framingham 1610 Danvers Half Long 68 May Thomas W. Emerson Co., Boston 1611 Improved Long Orange 77 May Thomas W. Emerson Co., Boston so CONTROL SERIES No. 96 1938 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued Lab. No. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected % 1938 Germination Month Found of Test 1256 1442 1443 1068 1069 1236 1575 1521 1522 1523 1165 1130 1263 1332 2026 1838 CARROTS — Concluded FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. Danvers Half Long 64 October Carlisle Hardware Co., West Springfield FITCHBURG HARDWARE CO., Fitchburg, Mass. Chantenay 77 May Fitchburg Hardware Co., Fitchburg FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. Morse's Bunching '6 May (Wholesaler's germination test 75% — 1938) Fraser's Wellesley Danvers Half Long • 76 May (Wholesaler's germination test 80%-1938) Fraser's Wellesley Chantenay • ■ 77 June (Wholesaler's germination test 80% — 1938) Fraser's Wellesley CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. Long Orange 69 APnl Waite's Hardware Co., Worcester Danvers Half Long 71 APril Waite's Hardware Co., Worcester New Oxheart Orange 59 May Leominster Hardware Co., Leominster Danvers Half Long Stump Rooted. . . 63 May Watertown Paint & Hardware Co., Watertown BUDD D. HAWKINS, Reading, Vt. Danvers Half Long Orange 61 May Lamson Hardware Co., Marlboro Improved Long Orange 66 May Lamson Hardware Co., Marlboro Oxheart 43 May Lamson Hardware Co., Marlboro ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. Danvers Half Long... • • . . . 81 Apia Allen Wheeler, Clover Farm, West Brookfield F H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. Danvers Half Long <5 APnl J. B. Sibley & Son, Ware S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS, Orange, Conn. Chantenay b5 ivlay Central Hardware Co., Fitchburg CAULIFLOWER JOSEPH BRECK & SONS CORP., Boston, Mass. White Bouquet No. 6380 H 63 June Joseph Breck & Sons Corp., Boston EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, West Springfield, Mass. Danish Early Snowball. ... .......... 85 July Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, West Springfield Super Snowball No. 5118 • 91 June | (Wholesaler's germination test 87% — 12/1 93 1) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, West Springfield G. W. GARDINER & SONS, Fall River, Mass. Dry Weather 90 June G. W. Gardiner & Son, Fall River SEED INSPECTION 51 1938 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued % 1938 Lab. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Germination Month No. Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Found of Test CAULIFIOWEB — Concluded JOSEPH HARRIS CO., INC., Coldwater, N. Y. 1901 Super Snowball 78 June (Wholesaler's germination test 92% — 1/1938) Joseph Harris Co., Inc., Warehouse, Cambridge W. G. PEARSE & CO., Fall River, Mass. 1840 Snowball 78 June Wm. G. Pearse & Co., Fall River CELERY THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 1193 Giant Pascal 87 April F. A. Gould, Milford 1194 Self Blanching Golden Yellow 50 April F. A. Gould, Milford EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, West Springfield, Mass. 1327 Golden Plume (Cal.) Lot No. 9 A 2827 58 August (Wholesaler's germination test 71%-12/1937) Eastern States Farmer's Exchange, West Springfield PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 1662 Golden Self Blanching 79 May Perry Seed Co., Boston 1663 New Golden Plume 79 May Perry Seed Co., Boston 1712 Early Blanching 52 May Perry Seed Co., Boston STERLING SEED CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 1 475 Golden Self Blanching 75 May (Packed for 1938) Grant's Store, Waltham CORN COMSTOCK-FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 1374 Bantam Evergreen 84 May (Wholesaler's germination test-1937) J. S. Nason & Co., Westboro 1381 Golden Bantam 97 May J. S. Nason & Co., Westboro 1382 Whipple's Sweet 90 May J. S. Nason & Co., Westboro 1383 Golden Sunrise 96 May J. S. Nason & Co., Westboro ARTHUR R. CONE, Buffalo, N. Y. 1361 Golden Bantam Sweet No. 50-57 93 May (Wholesaler's (termination test 92%-2/1937) Sunshine Feed Store, Greenfield 1 364 Bantam Evergreen No. 50-74 89 May (Wholesaler's germination test 93%-2/1937) Sunshine Feed Store, Greenfield THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 1056 Bantam Evergreen •••;•••. 89 April (Wholesaler's germination test-1937) Lincoln Square Paint & Hardware Co., Worcester 1057 Country Gentleman 87 April (Wholesaler's germination test-1937) Lincoln Square Paint & Hardware Co., Worcester 1058 Golden Sunshine 92 April (Wholesaler's germination test-1937) Lincoln Square Paint & Hardware Co., Worcester 52 CONTROL SERIES No. 96 1938 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued ,% _ 1938 Lab. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Germination Month No. Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Found of Test CORN — Continued THOMAS W. EMERSON CO. — Concluded 1225 Golden Sunshine 92 May Farm Service Store, West Berlin 1393 Golden Bantam . 96 May Taft Bros., Uxbridge 1396 Stowell's Evergreen 95 May Taft Bros., Uxbridge 1397 Bantam Evergreen 90 May Taft Bros., Uxbridge 1602 Crosby 98 May Thomas W. Emerson Co., Boston 1603 Evergreen 90 May Thomas W. Emerson Co., Boston EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Worcester, Mass. 1023 Bantam Evergreen No. 318 95 May (Wholesaler's germination test 88%-l/1938) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Worcester 1024 Golden Cross Bantam Yellow Hybrid No. 11 G 18118 97 May (Wholesaler's germination test 95%-12/1937) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Worcester 1025 Golden Bantam Yellow No. 9418 99 May" (Wholesaler's germination test 98%-l/1938) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Worcester FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit. Mich. 1325 Whipple's Yellow 92 May Carlisle Hardware Co., West Springfield CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 1062 Golden Bantam 82 April Waite's Hardware Co., Worcester 1064 Whipple's Early Yellow 96 April Waite's Hardware Co., Worcester 1180 Early Golden Sunshine 96 May Ashland Hardware Co., Ashland 1181 Whipple's Early Sweet Yellow 96 May Ashland Hardware Co., Ashland 1207 Stowell's Evergreen 86 April H. S. Chadbourne, Milford 1231 Golden Giant 84 May Leominster Hardware Co., Leominster CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 1237 Early Pearl 97 May Gavin Hardware Co., Leominster 1239 Potter's Excelsior 87 May Gavin Hardware Co., Leominster 1466 Golden Giant 96 May Richardson Hardware Co., Walthani 1471 Black Mexican 90 May Mendelsohn's Hardware Co., Walthani 1472 Mayflower 94 May Mendelsohn's Hardware Co., Walthani 1651 Golden Evergreen 74 May (Wholesaler's germination test 90%-l/1938) Farm Service Co., North Abingto'i SEED INSPECTION 53 1938 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued % 1938 Lab. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Germination Month No. Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Found of Test CORN — Concluded D. LANDRETH SEED CO., Bristol, Pa. 1156 Golden Bantam 96 May P. A. Richard Hardware Co., Spencer LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago, III. 1560 Hybrid Golden Cross 9£f June St. George Hardware Co., Framingham 1565 Golden Bantam 96 May St. George Hardware Co., Framingham JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 1208 Stowell's Evergreen li May H. S. Chadbourne, Milford 1294 Bantam Evergreen :».'> May I. G. Durnell, Ayer 1295 Golden Bantam 90 May I. G. Durnell, Ayer F. H. WOODRl'FF & SONS. Milford, Conn. 145.". Golden Giant 98 May (Wholesaler's germination test 96%-10 1937) Marlboro Hardware Co.. .Marlboro 1456 Golden Sunshine 95 May (Wholesaler's germination test 98%-l/1 !>::^ > Marlboro Hardware Co., Marlboro 1530 Golden Bantam !iti June Robinson's Hardware Co., Hudson 1531 Golden Sensation 91 June Robinson's Hardware Co., Hudson S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS. Orange, Conn. 1224 Bantam Evergreen, No. l">.->9 94 Mav (Wholesaler's germination test 95%-fl Farm Service Store, West Berlin 1271 Golden Bantam '.i4 May Central Hardware Co., Fitchburg CRESS JOSEPH BRECK & SONS CORP., Boston, Mass 1506 Curled or Peppergrass 97 June Joseph Breck & Sons Corp., Boston THORNTON & CROUCH, Lawrence, Mass. 1837 Curled 99 June Thornton & Crouch. Lawrence CUCUMBER BARTLETT & DOW CO.. Lowell, Mass. 1854 Boston Pickling 86 Tune Bartlett & Dow Co., Lowell JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, CORP., Boston, Mass. 1499 Japanese Climbing No. 6361 C .■ .". i June Joseph Breck & Sons, Corp., Boston 1500 Straight 8 No. 8035 F 97 June Joseph Breck & Sons, Corp., Boston 1501 Early Russian No. 8348 W 95 Joseph Breck & Sons, Corp., Boston 1502 Klondike No. 5437 F 91 Joseph Breck & Sons, Corp., Boston 1503 Breck's Forcing White Spine No. S000 L 98 Joseph Breck & Sons, Corp., Boston 54 CONTROL SERIES No. 96 1938 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued Lab. No. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected % 1938 Germination Month Found of Test CUCUMBER — Continued COMSTOCK-FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 1097 Improved White Spine Arlington 90 April W. M. Lee Co., Clinton 1098 Davis Perfect 83 April W. M. Lee Co., Clinton 1099 Improved Long Green 92 April W. M. Lee Co., Clinton 1696 Improved Long Green 90 June Lockhart Hardware Co., Natick 1697 Early White Spine 98 June Lockhart Hardware Co., Natick THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 1212 Green Cluster 76 June Uxbridge Hardware Co., Uxbridge 1556 Long Green 96 June Goodman Hardware Co., Framingham 1648 Arlington White Spine 77 June Farm Service Co., North Abington EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, West Springfield, Mass. 1333 Clark's Special No. 12 C 1317 87 June (Wholesaler's germination test 87%-12/1937) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, West Springfield 1334 Straight 8 Slicing, Early Dark Green (No. 12 B 4617) 91 June (Wholesaler's germination test 97%-12/1937) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, West Springfield FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 1323 Long Green 95 June Carlisle Hardware Co., West Springfield 1324 Early White Spine 99 June Carlisle Hardware Co., West Springfield FITCHBURG HARDWARE CO., Fitchburg, Mass. 1257 Boston Pickling 97 June Fitchburg Hardware Co., Fitchburg CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 1462 Improved White Spine 97 June Richardson Hardware Co., Waltham 1463 Japanese Climbing 78 June Richardson Hardware Co., Waltham 1 573 Long Green 87 June Watertown Paint & Hardware Co., Watertown HOVEY & CO., Boston, Mass. 1632 Davis Perfect 91 June Hovey & Co., Boston LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago, 111. 1568 Improved Long Green 89 June St. George Hardware Co., Framingham 1569 Early Improved White Spine 95 June St. George Hardware Co., Framingham NORTHRLTP, KING & CO., Minneapolis. Minn. 1000 Improved Long Green 81 April Roland R. Peinze, Northboro PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 1 593 Arlington White Spine No. 2862 R 82 June Perry Seed Co., Boston SEED INSPECTION 55 1938 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued % 1938 Lab. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Germination Month No. Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Found of Test CUCUMBER — Concluded PERRY SEED CO. — Concluded 1594 Davis Perfect No. 2891 R 95 June Perry Seed Co., Boston 1595 Improved Long Green, No. 2963 R 87 June Perry Seed Co., Boston 1596 Japanese Climbing No. 2977 R 49 June Perry Seed Co., Boston 1597 Early Fortune, No. 2929 R 93 June Perry Seed Co., Boston 1599 Boston Pickling No. 2880 R 86 June Perry Seed Co., Boston ROSS BROS CO., Worcester, Mass. 1885 Improved Long Green 96 June E. I. Swan's Hardware Co., Westboro F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 1126 Improved White Spine 79 June J. B. Sibley & Son, Ware 1127 Early Cluster 88 June J. B. Sibley & Son, Ware 1132 Boston Pickling 82 June J. B. Sibley & Son, Ware S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS, Orange, Conn. 2034 White Spine 88 June Farm Service Co., Lowell DANDELION JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, CORP., Boston, Mass. 1508 Dandelion 24 May Joseph Breck & Sons, Corp., Boston CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wetheisfield, Conn. 1461 Improved Giant Thick Leaf 28 May (Wholesaler's germination test 50% or better-1938) Hanley's Hardware Co., Marlboro PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 1665 Arlington Thick Leaf 74 May Perry Seed Co., Boston DILL FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. 1444 Long Island Mammoth 83 May (Wholesaler's germination test 70%-l/1938) Fraser's, Wellesley G. W. GARDINER & SONS, Fall River, Mass. 1839 Dill 83 May G. W. Gardiner & Sons, Fall River S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS, Orange, Conn. 1266 Dill 22 May Central Hardware Co., Fitchburg 1310 Dill 73 May James Morrissey, Indian Orchard EGG PLANT JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, CORP., Boston, Mass. 1509 Black Beauty , 80 May Joseph Breck & Sons, Corp., Boston 56 CONTROL SERIES No. 96 1938 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued % 1938 Lab. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Germination Month No. Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Found of Test EGG PLANT — Concluded EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, West Springfield, Mass. 1339 Black Beauty, No. 15 A 12017 94 May (Wholesaler's germination test 94%-12/1937) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, West Springfield G. W. GARDINER & SONS, Fall River, Mass. 1836 Black Beauty 75 May G. W. Gardiner & Sons, Fall River J. J. H. GREGORY & SONS, Marblehead, Mass. 1911 Black Beauty No. 877 72 May J. J. H. Gregory & Sons, Marblehead PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 1664 Black Beauty, No. 3098-90 87 May Perry Seed Co., Boston ENDIVE THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 1191 Broadleaf 74 April Casey's Hardware Co., Milford 1192 Endive 95 May F. A. Gould, Milford 1654 Green Curled 86 May Lawson's Paint & Seed Co., Campello NORTHRUP, KING & CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 1296 Broad Leaved Batavian Escarolle 93 May Aubuchon Hardware Co., Ayer PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. 1659 Endive Broad Leaved Escarolle 85 May Stone's Hardware Co., Brockton F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 1452 Curly 85 May Marlboro Hardware Co., Marlboro KALE JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, CORP., Boston, Mass. 1507 Curled Scotch Dwarf Green 88 June Joseph Breck & Sons, Corp., Boston EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Worcester, Mass. 1026 Curled Blue Scotch Early Dwarf No. 17 A 11014 S6 June (Wholesaler's germination test 80%-12/1937> Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Worcester KOHL RABI EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, West Springfield, Mass. 1340 White Vienna No. 18 A 1617 87 June (Wholesaler's germination test 89% — 12/1937) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, West Springfield J. J. H. GREGORY & SON, Marblehead, Mass. 1940 Large Purple Vienna No. 891 38 June J. J. H. Gregory & Son, Marblehead LEEK EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Worcester, Mass. 1027 Large American Flag 87 May Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Worcester PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 1661 Monstrous Carentan 79 May Perry Seed Co., Boston 1938 Lab. Xo. 1982 1811 1815 1195 1213 1558 1554 1605 1609 1613 2020 2029 1931 1932 SEED INSPECTION 57 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued " % 1938 Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Germination Month Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected 1-ound of Test LETTUCE BARTLETT & DOW CO., Lowell, -Mass. ^ ^ Iceberg • ■ • • • • Bartlett & Dow Co., Lowell BORGES SEED CO., Fall River, Mass. __ Iceberg • - • • • •. Borges Seed Co., Fall River W. ATLEE BURPEE CO., Philadelphia, Pa. gg g Improved N. Y ■ • • • • • • • Leavitt's Sport Shop, Haverhill JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, CORP., Boston, Mass. Black Seeded Tennisball " -,unc H. V. Lawrence, Falmouth W. F. COBB CO., Franklin, Mass. ^ ]une Iceberg • W. F. Cobb Co., Franklin c. 74 June Simpson W. F. Cobb Co., Franklin THOMAS W. EMERSOX CO.. Boston, Mass. Big Boston F. A. Gould, Milford T , 9."i June Iceberg ,• • • • •• • • : j Uxbridge Hardware t .... I xbndge Early Curled Simpson • ■ 01 June Goodman Hardware Co., rramingham T , 85 luiic Iceberg Goodman Hardware ( .... Framingnam Boston Market !"; ->une Thomas W. Emerson ( o., Boston rr- . . 25 June May King • • • ■ • •" Thomas W. Emerson Co., boston White Boston 96 JUne Thomas W. Emerson ( «... Boston ti ->i i l ... 91 June Boston Market J Massey's Hardware Co., Newburyport EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, West Springfield, Mass. N. Y. No. 12 20 B 1717 96 June (Wholesaler's germination test 94%-12/ 193. ) Essex County Cooperative Exchange, Topsneld FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. T Iceberg Imp. Strain 98 June (Wholesaler's germination test 95%-l/1938J Fraser's, Wellesley G. W. GARDINER & SOXS. Fall Rive., Mass. " New York No. 12 *l •' une G. W. Gardiner & Sons, Fall River T T. H GREGORY & SON, Marblehea.l, Mass. Big Boston White Seed h7 Jutle J. J. H. Gregory & Son, Marblehea.l Tennisball Black Seed 9G -Tuue J. J. H. Gregory & Son, Marblehead N Y. No. 12 • 87 -,une J. J. H. Gregory & Son, Marblehead CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. Iceberg A'- F. H. Turner & Co., Great Barnngton 58 CONTROL SERIES No. 96 1938 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued Lab. No. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected % 1938 Germination Month Found of Test LETTUCE — Continued BUDD D. HAWKINS, Reading, Vt. 1515 Big Boston 77 June Lamson Hardware Co., Marlboro 1516 Black Seeded Simpson 96 June Lamson Hardware Co., Marlboro 1517 Early Prize Head 97 June Lamson Hardware Co., Marlboro 1518 Improved Hanson 96 June Lamson Hardware Co., Marlboro 1818 Early Prize Head 97 June H. A. Spear & Son, Walpole JOSEPH HARRIS CO., INC., Coldwater, N. Y. 1899 N. Y. No. 515 99 June Joseph Harris Co., Inc., Warehouse, Cambridge HOVEY & CO., Boston, Mass. 1633 May King 95 June Hovey & Co., Boston LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 1149 Early Curled Silesian 65 April Italian American Grocery Co., Monson D. LANDRETH SEED CO., Bristol, Pa. 1161 Prize-Head or Satisfaction ^ 95 April P. A. Richard Hardware Co., Spencer LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago, 111. 1820 Romaine Cos 95 June Kingman Hardware Co., Franklin 2002 Tennisball White Seed 0 June (Wholesaler's Germination Test, 85%) F. B. Keene, Amesbury 2003 Iceberg 93 June (Wholesaler's Germination Test, 85%) F. B. Keene, Amesbury WM. G. PEARSE & SON, Fall River, Mass. 1843 New York No. 12 82 June Wm. G. Pearse & Son, Fall River CHARLES R. PEDRICK & SON, Pedrickstown, N. J. 1822 Boston Market 14 June The Continental Nurseries, Franklin PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 1598 Black Seeded Tennisball No. 3585-6N 76 June Perry Seed Co., Boston 1660 Big Boston B. S. No. 3365 M 85 June Perry Seed Co., Boston ROSS BROS CO., Worcester, Mass. 2019 Light Iceberg 56 June Hyannis Hardware Co., Hyannis JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 1090 Early Curled Simpson 64 April Hamilton Hardware Co., Clinton 1915 Grand Rapids 97 June (Wholesaler's Germination Test, 92r; l Frank Howard, Inc., Pittsfield STERLING SEED CO., Minneapolis. Minn. 1477 Iceberg, N. Y. Special-Los Angeles Market 73 June (Packed for 1938) Grant's Store, Waltham SEED INSPECTION 5Q 1938 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued Lab. No. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected % 1938 Germination Month Found of Test LETTUCE — Concluded THORNTON & CROUCH, Lawrence, Mass. 1746 Big Boston 90 June Thornton & Crouch, Lawrence JOHN VARICK SEED CO., Manchester, N. H. 1996 Simpson 93 June L. L. Peavey Co., Inc., Newburyport 1997 Iceberg 89 June L. L. Peavey Co., Inc., Newburyport F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 1896 N. Y. No. 12 95 June Middlesex County Farm Bureau, Waltham 1924 Iceberg 95 June Pierson Hardware Co., Pittsfield 1925 Boston Head 95 June Pierson Hardware Co., Pittsfield 1930 Hanson Improved 0 June Pierson Hardware Co., Pittsfield 2007 Salamander 29 June Davis Hardware Co., Merrimac 2011 N. Y. No. 12 97 June Haverhill Hardware & Supply Co., Haverhill S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS, Orange. Conn. 1265 Black Seeded Simpson 49 June Central Hardware Co., Fitchburg MUSKMELON COBURN SEED & SUPPLY CO., Chelmsford. Mass. 1849 Bender's Surprise 84 June Coburn Seed & Supply Co., Chelmsford THOMAS W. EMERSON CO.. Boston, Mass. 1210 Rocky Ford 88 June Uxbridge Hardware Co., Uxbridge CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield. Conn. 1240 Honey Dew 90 June Gavin Hardware Co., Leominster PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 1679 Montreal Market Improved 4136 N 90 June Perry Seed Co., Boston 1680 Lake Champlain No. 4146 A 78 June Perry Seed Co., Boston F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 1346 Orange Flesh 44 June James Splann Estate, South Deerfield ONION BARTLETT & DOW CO.. Lowell. Mass. 1853 Danvers Yellow Globe 65 May Bartlett & Dow Co., Lowell COMSTOCK-FERRE & CO., Wethersfield. Conn. 1282 Yellow Globe 95 May George L. Moison Hardware Co., Groton THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 2001 Danvers Yellow Globe 28 June W. H. Dewhirst Co., Amesbury 60 CONTROL SERIES No. 96 1938 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued % 1 938 Lab. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Germination Month No. Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Found of Test ONIONS — Concluded CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield. Conn. 1459 Danvers Yellow Globe S6 May (Wholesaler's Germination Test, 75%-l/1938) Hanley's Hardware Co., Marlboro 1 460 Large Red Wethersfield 79 May (Wholesaler's Germination Test, 75%-l/l»3S) Hanley's Hardware Co., Marlboro JOSEPH HARRIS CO., INC., Coldwater. X. Y. 1898 Southport Red Globe No. 725 89 May (Wholesaler's germination test 88%-l/1938) Joseph Harris Co., Inc., Warehouse. Cambridge NORTHRUP, KING & CO.. Minneapolis, Minn. 1297 White Portugal or America's Silverskin 41 May Aubuchon Hardware Co., Ayer PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 1675 White Lisbon 62 May Perry Seed Co., Boston 1676 Japanese 92 May Perry Seed Co., Boston WM. G. PEARSE CO., Fall River, Mass. 1844 Red Globe 69 May Wm. G. Pearse Co., Fall River ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 1173 Danvers Yellow Globe 77 April A. S. Tucker, Warren THORNTON & CROUCH, Lawrence, Mass. 1858 Prizetaker 70 June Thornton & Crouch, Lawrence S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS, Orange, Conn. 1267 Large White Globe 9 May Central Hardware Co., Fitchburg 1 268 Danvers Yellow Globe 78 May Central Hardware Co., Fitchburg 2013 Danvers Yellow Globe 19 Tune Farm Service Co., Lowell PARSLEY EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, West Springfield, Mass. 1337 Plain Leaf Italian No. 23 C 1617 97 May (Wholesaler's germination test, 74%-12/1037,> Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, West Springfield 1338 Peerless Moss Curled No. 23 B 1618 85 May (Wholesaler's germination test, 80f/f,-l/10:-!S') Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, West Springfw ! ! FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. 1438 Moss Curled 46 May (Wholesaler's germination test, 80%-l/193^") Fraser's, Wellesley THOMAS J. GREY CO.. Boston. Mass. 1616 Lincoln Green-English 86 May Thomas J. Grey Co., Boston JOSEPH HARRIS CO., INC., Coldwater, X. V. 1 900 Paramount 88 May Joseph Harris Co., Inc., Warehouse, Cambridge NORTHRUP, KING & CO., Minneapolis, Minn. ] 298 Dark Moss Curled 86 May Aubuchon Hardware Co., Ayer SEED INSPECTION 61 1938 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued % 1938 Lab. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Germination Month No. Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Found of Test PARSNIP BORGES SEED CO., Fall River, Mass. 1829 Westside 2 May Borges Seed Co., Fall River COBURN SEED & SUPPLY CO., Chelmsford 1846 HoUow Crown 81 May Coburn Seed & Supply Co., Chelmsford COMSTOCK-FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 1184 Champion Hollow Crown 60 April Adams & Co., Holliston 1281 Hollow Crown.. 79 May George L. Moison Hardware Co.. Groton 1698 Long Smooth 64 May Lockhart Hardware Co., Natick THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston. Mass. L209 Long Smooth 58 April Uxbridge Hardware Co., Uxbridge G. W. GARDINER & SONS, Fall River, Mass. 1831 Long Smooth ]() May G. W. Gardiner & Sons, Fall River THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, .Mass. 1615 The Student-English Seed 98 May Thomas J. Grey Co., Boston JOSEPH HARRIS CO.. INC., Coldwater, N. V. 1897 Harris Model 67 May (Wholesaler's germination test, SO'- 1/1938) Joseph Harris Co., Inc., Warehouse. Cambridge BUDD D. HAWKINS, Reading, Vt. 1074 Improved Hollow Crown 83 April Brockelman Bros., Inc.. Worcester 1). LANDRETH SEED CO., Bristol. Pa. 1050 Hollow Crown No. 38148 75 April Elwood Adams Co., Worcester LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago, 111. 2004 Improved r Hollow Crown 80 June F. B. Keene, Amesbury F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 1131 Hollow Crown 78 April J. B. Sibley & Son, Ware 1345 Hollow Crown 87 April James Splann Estate, South Deerfield 1921 Hollow Crown 73 May Pierson Hardware Co., Pittsfield S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS, Orange. Conn. 1219 Hollow Crown 30 April (Wholesaler's germination test approximately 50<#— 1 1/1937) Farm Service Stores, West Berlin 1269 Improved Hollow Crown Guernsey 34 April ( entral Hardware Co.. Fitchburg PEAS JOSEPH BRECK & SONS CORP.. Boston, Mass 1 285 Laxtonian 95 Ma v Milo II. Shattuck, Groton 1286 Dwarf Telephone S4 May Milo H. Shattuck, Groton 1287 Sutton's Excelsior 96 May Milo H. Shattuck, Groton 62 CONTROL SERIES No. 96 1938 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued Lab. No. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected % 1938 Germination Month Found of Test PEAS — Continued JOSEPH BRECK & SONS CORP. — Concluded 1816 Improved Telephone 97 June Franklin Hardware Plumbing & Supply Co., Franklin COMSTOCK-FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 1875 Telephone 90 June Norfolk Lumber Co., Stoughton EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Worcester, Mass. 1031 Laxton's Progress, Wrinkled 98 April Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Worcester 1032 World's Record Improved Gradus 92 April Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Worcester THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 1059 Little Marvel 88 April Lincoln Square Paint & Hardware Co., Worcester 1060 Sutton's Excelsior 93 April Lincoln Square Paint & Hardware Co., Worcester 1217 Thomas Laxton 77 June Andrews & Taylor, Berlin 1218 Sutton's Excelsior 91 May Andrews & Taylor, Berlin 1604 Laxton's Progress 96 May Thomas W. Emerson Co., Boston 1647 Dwarf Telephone 83 May Farm Service Co., North Abington FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 1307 Dwarf Excelsior (Nott's) - 93 May Carlisle Hardware Co., Indian Orchard FITCHBURG HARDWARE CO., Fitchburg, Mass. 1254 Laxtonian 97 May Fitchburg Hardware Co., Fitchburg 1255 Sutton's Excelsior 87 May Fitchburg Hardware Co., Fitchburg CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield. Conn. 1065 Peas (6) 70 Aprd Waite's Hardware Co., Worcester 1066 Blue Bantam 78 April Waite's Hardware Co., Worcester 1542 Sutton's Excelsior 94 June Sawyer's Hardware Co., Framingham 1543 Improved Tall Telephone 98 June Sawyer's Hardware Co., Framingham 1817 Sutton's Excelsior 81 June H. A. Spear & Son, Walpole HOVEY & CO., Boston, Mass. 1634 Blue Bantam '"■» May Hovey & Co., Boston D. LANDRETH CO.. Bristol. Pa. , ., 1051 Telephone (Tall) No. 38161 94 April Elwood Adams Co., Worcester 1154 Gradus 87 May P. A. Richard Hardware Co.; Spencer 1155 Telephone 89 May P. A. Richard Hardware Co., Spencer 1157 Nott's Excelsior 95 May P. A. Richard Hardware Co., Spencer SEED INSPECTION 63 1938 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued Lab. No. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected % 1938 Germination Month Found of Test PEAS — Concluded LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago, 111. 1566 World's Record 92 May St. George Hardware Co., Framingham PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. 1658 Nott's Excelsior 95 May Stone Hardware Co., Brockton 1825 Dwarf Telephone 90 June Tinkham's Store, Bridgewater JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. V. 1084 Hundredfold 95 April Hamilton Hardware Co., Clinton 1085 Thomas Laxton 96 April Hamilton Hardware Co., Clinton 1136 Rice's Improved Dwarf Telephone 83 May R. E. Faulkner & Co., Palmer 1137 Laxtonian 85 Mav R. E. Faulkner & Co., Palmer 1138 Sutton's Excelsior, New Large Pod Dwarf 90 May R. E. Faulkner & Co., Palmer 1139 Gradus 76 May R. E. Faulkner & Co., Palmer 1513 Little Marvel 73 May Lamson Hardware Co., Marlboro 1514 Blue Bantam 88 May Lamson Hardware Co., Marlboro ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 1168 Alderman 90 May Allen Wheeler, Clover Farm, West Brookfield 1169 Blue Bantam 97 May Allen Wheeler, Clover Farm, West Brookfield F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 1532 Telephone 90 June Robinson's Hardware Co., Hudson 1533 Laxtonian 86 June Robinson's Hardware Co., Hudson 1548 Wyoming Wonder 89 June Boston Supply Co., Framingham S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS, Orange. Conn. 1274 Telephone 93 May Central Hardware Co., Fitchburg 1646 Sutton's Excelsior 91 May Farm Service Co., North Abington UNKNOWN 1467 Sutton's Excelsior 84 May Richardson's Hardware Co.. Waltham PEPPER JOSEPH BRECK & SONS CORP., Boston, Mass. 2017 Large Bell 62 June H. V. Lawrence, Falmouth EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, West Springfield. Mass. 2027 Waltham Beauty 26 A-28417 76 June (Wholesaler's germination test,_ 67%) Essex County Cooperative Association, Topsfield 64 CONTROL SERIES No. 96 1938 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued Lab. No. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected % 1938 Germination Month Found of Test PEPPERS — Concluded FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. 1436 World Beater 03 May (Wholesaler's germination test. 75%-l/1938) Fraser's, Wellesley 1437 Colossal Improved Ruby King 90 May (Wholesaler's germination test, 90%-l/1938) Grant's Store, Waltham G. W. GARDINER & SONS, Fall River, Mass. 1833 World Beater 91 May G. W. Gardiner & Sons, Fall River J. J. H. GREGORY & SON, Marblehead, Mass. 1938 Large Bell 89 May J. J. H. Gregory & Son, Marblehead STERLING SEED CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 1473 Red Chili 63 May _ (Packed for 1938) Grant's Store, Waltham PU3IPKIN COMSTOCK-FERRE & CO., Wethersfield. Conn. 1699 Sweet or Sugar 85 June Lockhart Hardware Co., Natick CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 1235 Small Sugar Pie _ 97 May Leominster Hardware Co.. Leominster THORNTON & CROUCH, Lawrence. Mass. 1786 Sugar 85 Tune Thornton & Crouch, Lawrence. VARICK SEED CO., Manchester, N. Tl. 1998 Sugar 99 June L. L. Peavey Co., Inc., Newburyport RADISH BARTLETT & DOW CO., Lowell. Mass. IS50 Early Scarlet Globe 90 June Bartlett & Dow Co., Lowell BORGES SEED CO.. Fall River. Mass. 1828 Scarlet Globe 62 June Borges Seed Co., Fall River COMSTOCK-FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 1695 Early Scarlet Globe 95 June Lockhart Hardware Co., Natick COBURN SEED & SUPPLY CO.. Chelmsford, Mass. 1 847 Scarlet Globe 97 June Coburn Seed & Supply Co.. Chelmsford FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. 1 I ? I White Icicle !i!» June (Wholesaler's germination test. 95%-l/1938) Fraser's, Wellesley 1 (35 French Breakfast 95 June (■Wholesaler's germination test, '■>■>''< I 1988) Fraser's, Wellesley FERRY-MORSE SEED CO.. Detroit, Mich. 1319 Early Scarlet Globe, Medium Top 06 June Carlisle Hardware Co., West Springfield G. \Y. GARDINER & SONS. Fall River, Mass. 1 835 Scarlet Globe 89 June G. \Y . Gardiner & Sons. Fall River SEED INSPECTION 6S 1938 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued Lab. No. 1943 1951 1614 1519 1520 1147 1046 1570 1571 1842 1824 1474 1133 1450 1551 1894 12G4 % 1938 Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Germination Month Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Found of Test RADISH — Concluded J. J. H. GREGORY & SON, Marblehead, Mass. Long White Icicle 89 June J. J. H. Gregory & Son, Marblehead Crimson Giant Forcing 89 June J. J. H. Gregory & Son, Marblehead THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. Saxa 92 June Thomas J. Grey Co., Boston CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. Early White Tipped Scarlet 74 June (Wholesalers germination test, 75%— 1/1938) Hanley's Hardware Co., Marlboro French Breakfast 92 June (Wholesaler's germination test, 750 Central Hardware Co., Fitchburg PARSNIP COMSTOCK-FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 1184 Champion Hollow Crown 9 ' Adams & Co., Holliston 1281 Hollow Crown U'"^ 92 George Moison Hardware Co., Groton Lab. No. SEED INSPECTION Variety and Source 70 True to Type Per Cent 1050 1217 1218 1164 1155 1136 1137 1138 1189 1168 1169 1157 1046 1392 PARSNIP — Concluded THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. Long Smooth • • • • • • Uxbridge Hardware Co., Uxbndgc D. LANDRETH SEED CO., Bristol, Pa. Hollow Crown ** Elwood Adams Co., Worcester F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. Hollow Crown J. B. Sibley & Son, Ware S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS, Orange, Conn. Hollow Crown 10" Farm Service Store, West Berlin Improved Hollow Crown ' 5 Central Hardware Co., Fitchburg PEAS THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. Thomas Laxton Andrews & Taylor, West Berlin no Sutton's Excelsior Andrews & Taylor, West Berlin D. LANDRETH SEED CO., Bristol, Pa. Gradus • P. A. Richard Hardware Co., Spencer Telephone 10° P. A. Richard Hardware Co., Spencer JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge X. V. Improved Dwarf Telephone luo R. E. Faulkner & Co., Palmer 95 Laxtonian R. E. Faulkner & Co., Palmer Sutton's Excelsior 10° R. E. Faulkner & Co., Palmer Gradus R. E. Faulkner & Co., Palmer ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. Alderman • • •■ • • • • • • • • • ■ : : Allen Wheeler. Clover Farm, West Brookneld Blue Bantam . • ■ ••• • •• ■■ ;• 10° Allen Wheeler, Clover Farm, West Brooklield D. LANDRETH SEED CO., Bristol. Pa. Nott's Excelsior luu P. A. Richard Hardware Co., Spencer RADISH FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit. Mich. Early Scarlet Globe ' & Carlisle Hardware Co., Springfield BUDD D. HAWKINS, Reading, Vt. Early Scarlet Turnip, White Tipped ' «" Lamson Hardware Co., Marlboro Early Scarlet Turnip 10° Lamson Hardware Co., Marlboro D. LANDRETH SEED CO., Bristol, Pa. Scarlet Globe 8U Elwood Adams Co., Worcester ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. Scarlet Globe m Fred's Hardware Co., Westboro 80 CONTROL SERIES No. 96 Lab. True to TyPe No. Variety and Source Per Cent RADISH — Concluded STERLING SEED CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 1474 French Breakfast 100 Grant's Store, Waltham F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 1133 French Breakfast 90 J. B. Sibley & Son, Ware 1450 Crimson Giant 100 Marlboro Hardware Co., Marlboro 1551 Early Scarlet Globe 100 Boston Supply Co., Framingham S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS, Orange, Conn. 1264 French Breakfast 90 Central Hardware Co., Fitchburg SPINACH COMSTOCK-FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 1182 Thick Leaf Round... 100 Adams & Co., Holliston THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 1196 Bloomsdale Savoy 100 F. A. Gould, Milford SWISS CHAR I) COMSTOCK-FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 1277 Giant Lucullus 90 (Were beets not Swiss Chard, Leaf Beets) George Moison Hardware Co., Groton S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS, Orange, Conn. 1222 Lucullus 100 Farm Service Store, West Berlin SEED INSPECTION 81 Studies of Flower Seeds Conducted by the Seed Laboratory in Cooperation with the Department of Floriculture, Jessie L, Anderson and Professor Clark L,. Thayer For a third season the Department of Floriculture has cooperated with the Seed Laboratory in a study to determine the quality of seed sold in retail seed stores and in various other types of retail outlets. The seeds, which were collected by the State Seed Inspectors, were weighed and analyzed for purity in the labora- tory and were tested for germination and trueness-to-type under field conditions. Seeds of 172 lots including 37 different kinds of flowers and packeted by 28 different wholesalers were collected and classified as follows: Ageratum . . .' 6 Matthiola 1 Alyssum 5 Mignonette 2 \ster 14 Moonflower 1 Bachelor Buttons 9 Morning Glory 6 Balsam 1 Nasturtium 10- Calendula 13 Petunia 13 Candytuft 3 Phlox Carnation 1 Poppy 1 Centaurea Americana i Portulaca 6 Chrysanthemum 1 Ricinus 1 Cockscomb 2 Salpiglossis 2 Cosmos 7 Salvia 2 Daisy 1 Scabiosa 6 Dianthus 3 Snapdragon 3 Euphorbia 3 Spider Plant 2 Gourds 1 Thunbergia 1 Helichrysum (including Straw- Verbena 4 flower) 2 Zinnia 16 Larkspur 7 Marigold 14 Total 172 Most of the packets bore the common name of the flower, while a few seedsmen added both the scientific and common names. Some listed the color, while others gave no indication as to what color might be expected, although several were marked "Mixed" as implied by the following quoted terminology printed on the packets: Mixed, Finest Mixed, All Colors, All Sorts Mixed, Single and Double, Mixed Colors, Annual Mixed, Giant Mixed, Choice Mixed, Dwarf Mixed, Annual Mixed Colors, Special Mixture, Double Mixed, Mixture of All Colors, Single and Double Mixed, Single Mixed, Special Mixed Annual, All Colors Mixed, Prize Mixed and Gigantic Mixed. It was noted that the better wholesalers gave much of the desired information, stating the price as well as the approximate germination, the scientific and common names, and some descrip- tion of the plant together with cultural directions, and the advised dates of sowing. The entire contents of each packet was weighed and analyzed for purity. The amount of seed found in any one packet or lot varied from less than one gram (.011 gr.) to 27.678 grams. Several seedsmen failed to state retail prices on packets. In most instances price per packet correlated with the amount of seed contained, taking into consideration the wholesale prices of seed, improved strains usually selling at higher prices than standard varieties and strains which have been on the market for several years. 82 CONTROL SERIES No. 96 Mechanical Purity In an effort to obtain definite information as to the extent to which flower seeds, particularly those sold in sealed paper packets, carried impurities, a careful examination was made of each lot. Purity results for seed tested in the field but not including 22 samples which arrived too late for planting but were analyzed in the laboratory will be found in the table. Of the 172 lots of flower seeds, nineteen or 11.04% were free of any im- purities whatever. To state it another way, 153 lots or 88.96% contained im- purities in the form of weed seeds, other crop seeds, seeds of plants other than the one in question, or inert materials consisting of fine chaff, dust, stems, floral parts, grit, or pieces of earth. The purity percentage was found to vary from 63.88% in the case of one Ageratum to 100% in the cases of one Aster, one Calendula, two Candytufts, one Centaurea, one Cosmos, one Euphorbia, one Gourd, two Larkspurs, one Moon- flower, five Morning Glories and three Nasturtiums. Weed Seeds Weed seeds were found in 56 of the lots, or 32.56%. One packet of Bachelor Buttons and one packet of Pinks each contained .07% of weed seeds while a packet of Stocks contained 2.08%. Various percentages were encountered between the two extremes given, with most of the packets containing only a small portion of weed seeds. Inert Matter Of the 172 lots, a total of 153 or 89.53% contained inert matter of one kind cr another. Two packets of Ageratum carried the highest percentage, probably due to the fact that the impurities were of the same general size and weight as the seed itself. One packet carried 35.24% and the other 21.26%. The presence or absence of impurities may be due in some cases to ease of cleaning. Other Crop Seed Many of the packets contained seeds of flowers other than the kind under consideration, as well as seeds of field crops. Thirty, or 17.44%, contained seed of other crop plants. One packet of Stocks and one packet of Portulaca each ranked high in this particular, with "other crop seed" in one of them 6.00% and the other 3.45%. Also two packets of Verbena carried 2.22% and 1.08% respectively. The other crop seeds as well as the weed seeds found in the various packets may be accounted for in several different ways. Since some of the "extra" seeds were kinds that are not generally found growing with flower seeds in the fields, it appears that they were either placed there intentionally or that they entered through the repacketing process or through careless harvesting and handling methods. Inert matter found may also be accounted for by the same reasoning. Germination No germination tests were made in the laboratory on any of the lots collected, since many of the packets contained too small a quantity of seed for both field and laboratory tests. Remarks on germination observed in the field test are SEED INSPECTION 83 comparative and not rated on a percentage basis. After the purity tests were completed the samples were turned over to Professor Clark L. Thayer of t he- Department of Floriculture, who conducted tests in the field to determine the actual quality and to check the trueness-to-type. Field Tests Conditions during the past season were decidedly adverse for testing germina- tion in the field. Many of the seeds were sown on June 25 after which came a rainfall of 4. 59 inches during the next two days. The total precipitation for the month was 8.45 inches compared with a normal of 3.54 inches. During July the precipitation was 7.45 inches, the normal being 4.38 inches. In August the total was 2.04 inches, 2.2 inches below the normal. For September the total was 14.55 inches, whereas the normal for the month is only 3.79 inches. Thus with a total rainfall of 32.49 inches during the four months when the plants were making growth in the field it is not surprising that some kinds have not given good results. The hurricane of September 21 with the accompanying rain also caused much damage. Larkspur, Asters, and Tall Marigolds appear to have suffered more because of the heavy rains, while Portulaca, usually considered to be partial to dry soils, has given satisfactory results. When information is not given on Performance other than for Germination, it is due to the unfavorable conditions brought on by the heavy rains. The first frost came on September 10 but it was so light that it did compara- tively little damage. The most severe injury was caused by the frost of October 8. When the number of seeds permitted, rows fifteen feet long were sown. Germ- ination was rated as "good" if the seeds germinated in approximatly two-thirds the row; "fair" between one-third and two-thirds; "poor" for one-third or less. Performance was designated as "satisfactory" if the varieties were true to name, producing only a low percentage of plants which were not true to form or color, (one-third or less); "Fair" between one-third and two-thirds not true; and "unsatisfactory," if less than one-third was true to name or did not produce satisfactory plants for providing sufficient data. As far as possible trueness-to-type was determined, but since many lots were described as mixtures or did not carry varietal names, a wide range in color and form was permissible. note: Data on precipitation and frosts were taken from the monthly bulletins "Meteorological Observations", of the Massachusetts Agricultural Station. 84 CONTROL SERIES No. o H U W Ph 'Si r. Q w w tn Pd w o UT3 5fl^ Ph« o O 3* 1 > 3 Ph O u o u w PH^M M.S CLi — K & ^ '. & : • £ . 0 a ■ w : ' c - • . o -CO o • ;o3 Q : ..* W w t/} Ph U a - • a 2 03 CO 3 : & '■ - o c ■ ca . ;>, pd 1—1 ' 5 w H iS u O £ph u w d wr/JS § ft . §U u o u o *|£ a-7 Z a X-- Ph -S^ SEED INSPECTION 85 Ph sio, Oh cn££ o.tim _ o C/}£pH W'J3 O u Ph PP'g X Cfl H c o .•3 o «J a m zSs .3« dCS ugtf Q-n W u Si"! Oh Ph u o c u H i^O • 00 O bo U c c O V 60 -f,\5 00 Ifi '5 2 »*2 r bo O^.S n^ til 3 HPh u-J OS o g.§K So V> '. rt . a • > ■o • rt • £ .C o» • rt .o C -7 S_ dt^ USS c£ _- wg>| — Ph oM!3 Q = ffi Sh Ph fc.*§ 4H<• > o g «U so 0« £ Id .2 PnOhH °« rt"0 U 3 . VI >. p< B'J (fl'S E O « W 1/5 UJ « S.9 S-5 83* Id KC/3 PiSU <-o = ^ 5 . «d<_>>< ffia u ££E Si 3 « rt > >> . 86 CONTROL SERIES No. 96 O P U w ft. en Z i— ( Q U u CD OS o e.2 4) n3 • "£6* 3 4>*£ faco J3 O p£f H OS 6 O rH J3 O ■S I- J3 pq2K 83 5>i 5 - - " rt W 5 O x o CO £ rt-£« CO Sj < 2 « 0-2 sH C CJ Q u w CO W CO 41 « 3 OSco 4) G S3 o^-1 - cr » 2 « K "v Cfl eqro fa ._. ^ a ~ ' 3 « BW £ £2 8 si Ss^ *j 6 4>"K . O^ ■* Id ., Q gO u H.2U SEED INSPECTION 87 w m u o U §«! H c Zg o O oM KG H «2i S X v - o . (J O o Z^ c •~ ' — M 0) I-, «3 S3 U) — & s° o o u -u — -1 .< . i> u _x a; u P5 3 Ph Pi £ S c c .Jo <-j.Ep3 o o ecu £*£ *<•«? u * .Sea 5« o J= I O . s • *f ; • c o • :p3 . . ; ; o : •u <-> : ■ a q : • o w • ■ In w • c/) fcH W H §*« 04 5 w So o •si*-' c tcMP3 P<0 :•« ■£ ffio' < "a* < 1-* so u 88 CONTROL SERIES No. 96 C '3 c o O I Z o P U u a, en Z »«« Q W u en O E.2 a MS o 2 p >C/5 n fc w 4J-0 i 3 33^ c P-.V3 .-a c 2o« o O.M P9E r o U G <*! c« o >> >rtK K > ■a -"- . - * ! UEt5 QU-o g a; T3« £ as tn'5 ,_• X 00 o W£ bo u tjcj j "> 3 2 ° to J -.2 i>* ^^ id c ? OS " 1 £ >> .5 O >- 6 w.t; «5 |l]X!« SEED INSPECTION 89 o© -C 00 o (§ E -2 o W 8 u bj.5 oo wS £ <.s . u O ? o W ° . u • •3 Wto £ _ E.E m- t/T w E \, Bj w. u " «£_ fa fa £2 o Ou ISC — u o . 7 6 US v c/3 «! £ "C >- £«* U ■O o u U CO ds g u I §• fa rt j; fa •»><■> w SK O o c C/J SJ °a o3 Si u > xK a 90 CONTROL SERIES No. 96 p o O I z o H w ft. en Z Q w w en cc w 6.2 cj-s 4JT3 PhC/3 -J S.S 2 6 E2 . E SO r « 2 e- „ £** < c o - « ►C o o o u p u >« S? t «■=£ «►? u> PL, SEED INSPECTION 01 O % o U--U Q "° "I* Pi BOi u° Pi >*& £ QgS. "sk u = > 3 O ui . £.2 J O r Ui!° Pi _ n! -> C u M<£ Ms c H u o < 3U •S . J O * - si"5 Pi< u £ : - o •§ t" ."en =8 j=8 > :£? Pi -5 o * M O „ " Sgtt . o'-> if; V o u I) t» o u £ u u o HOS J ** 2 Pi^O 11 O u w w P-I Pig08 92 CONTROL SERIES No. 96 "S w Cu C/j Z Q w u en o £.2 2 -a _3 U & Phc/> SEED INSPECTION 93 •<-> V 0 o3S a;o °ca rQ 0_6 uSO Q*T3 ujQ g ^ S S •* £Ph Ph ° « C O „ o • 3 c oQ-2 PS !3 u O 3H H W s ° •J'E 2 « sec c/2 O U -Is »£ faJW «> fclH - .w O c •■* > o • -a w Z^° 94 CONTROL SERIES No. 96 o — H J.2 ffiU u SEED INSPECTION 05 >> : £ : v- . V . V • J3 • ■ a O ■ •3 PS • c ' id •fe o • u . . o o ■ w =a o u Q m * c Pi_ M go ►J J B in So s > 6 <,* w3 .a o ►»• o u -O S-° ° 2i gu O.C u gel [rl I." Pi ,-* §!2 £~ c In™ O O jj tn gfP J5 r O^ W o v W 3cl, Pi : c c ! . o o • 0 o :« a : • d. d • 0 o :o •u : ; c • s . 0 . 0 .in .c/) :<*J :da !•* * .,-* . O P. 1) V "bo o •S^ — >-> £> 53 «££ r g£ e 5 60 O « S.S rl OJ7 O- u«d 3 ° u 5« cm u S c g > c o « * * **•; rt 3 <3 3 oS O lit/j "** £ .2 >• W bo OC 4) ., O u W « O Sw u • 53 fi tn-g O ° Oln U 60, a* o «„o a oi •T. 'a « c O uH H T3 C 96 CONTROL SERIES No. 96 U z o a. CD z Q W w as o £ E.2 UT3 „ PhC/} 'Ho ^•J a. ►J- u D HJ< o ptj.gl-, Sz; . c c'C °Ph c » 2 O 4) ■£ u^ ss c/3.2 Ph On, Ph a* "O-TJ u T3 olw 5 .5: 1> t- in wo oa T3 O u c g ^3 o 91 r- 151 */. rt Si w o 2 < «w - 11 '— I ^a^ C^' If o u - w US. u 5 «ufa- u„_ 0=fe pi -5 H .205 m in V J> it — Zl u O £0* 98 CONTROL SERIES No. 96 E-2 O P U a o- cn Z M Q w u en o s«j^ ^en Owt/3 j£ o u o u • a S « en « O §H K« H »■§ „o >> 4> in "35 .. 4> ») ">S "^ >> . « .— . 4> u 3 2 3« u 5 o en • * :* I* Pi O w Ji oS^1 rti- U o U 3 o-sH H 0 u Q u W c WT3 O gtfl u en "o U-5 rt u Es « 3 . u S *» c w oca U 3U rl 4) U m u U >-en 5 2^ U° m o s « « S; US c S U u *• < o O 3H u 5 r S* •" w r^ 41 3 41 "pi to LJ 41 Pi"5 i- u U <■= 213 B «Su Ll1_ O JjU u^ 1) 4> O -, O Uw ™ U O'c ° ;# . o "> en o C£« pq u w > o enc« SEED INSPECTION 99 erf O u O m <% wfH.C 3J3 55 : »f 3 :e <-> »s •7 « £ OO - U 0 flU tfl a P5 u «S!5 <^K K"3 - a & Ph a 0 W rt»-> C2< S3 in 05 1) rH J= — 0 5 0-0 ° prf v to orstt Q-2U Ur°i <» *«* U fe O u w w w 11 . I- . pi x^ U«; u 3-2 ■« u .0 •4 t-H U >£■- td'3'13 Sou Q J? « rt .U £S ■ E £! E ^r • o ■8 :w w — P5 5CA) WfT S Wu 3 < 2U .b r « woa •£« O " o -*C« ,;« O 1- "> UC3 o erf o < c . CrfU U nj bo 3 3 «« '5 . I" u 100 CONTROL SERIES No. 96 B.2 C ■3 c o (J Z O H U u CD Z Q a w c/) a o 13 vS> 13^ C« M> P5 C N-a" 2 is « 5? o *£ £ Ho "» u ^^ [lj Bl <" Q .-a o •DO O x > K5 O Or O fa S.B.. S-2o ota J? C3 at, c An HI c O 6 > 3 >• <3 O S = ^ OS 5d o a o O - 5,-53 nl O -S rH u -E ° O a U = ^i ja > > oo =3 C *2 nl w -„ ,*° O O j; 6 « CfL, 0H SEED INSPECTION 101 .a o o o S ° "3 5 O 3 — (V 0 = o b> H u tf-2 5 O rt H O T3 .S 6 £ c 1U2 CONTROL SERIES No. 96 QUALITY OF ONION SEED PRODUCED IN THE CONNECTICUT VALLEY, SEASON OF 1937 During the spring months of 1938, eighteen lots of onion seed produced in the Connecticut Valley were cleaned at the Seed Laboratory, using the same method1 as in previous years. Conditions for culture of the crop and drying of the seed were extremely unfavorable in 1937, resulting in a low yield of mature seed as shown by the proportion of cleaned seed from the bulks received. This and the low com- parative viability of onion seed of the various grades obtained from each lot is shown by the following table. Lots 1, 2 and 8 had been partly cleaned before milling at the laboratory. aSee Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station, Control Series, Bulletin Nos. 86,. 1936 and 92, 1938. Weight Before of Seed Clean Grade No. 1 Grade No. 2 Grade No. 3 Lot Germi- Germi- Germi- No. Cleaning Seed Weight nation Weight nation Weight nation Lb. Lb. Lb. Percent Lb. Percent Lb. Percent 1 60.5 57.3 17.5 81 30.5 74 9.3 48 2 29.0 14.3 7.0 84 6.0 82 1.3 75 3 37.0 13.5 1.5 66 8.0 62 4.0 45 4 23.0 3.0 1.5 90 1.5 51 0.0 5 79.7 11.3 1.0 79 6.3 64 4.0 36 6 39.0 15.2 1.5 89 10.7 85 3.0 48 7 15.5 8.0 1.3 93 5.7 87 1.0 57 8 25.5 12.4 0.9 82 6.5 77 5.0 31 9 3.5 0.8 0.0 0.3 63 0.5 25 10 11.5 2.9 0.0 2.0 62 0.9 23 11 66.0 9.5 1.3 88 4.7 87 3.5 58 12 72.0 11.0 1.5 91 6.0 86 3.5 53 13 45.0 14.3 2.3 82 8.5 75 3.5 48 14 22.0 8.4 1.0 93 4.7 90 2.7 58 15 40.0 4.9 0.3 74 2.8 75 2.3 33 16 15.5 3.2 0.0 2.1 81 1.1 56 17 28.0 6.3 0.5 90 4.0 87 1.8 65 18 14.0 8.5 0.7 90 2.3 83 5.5 53 Total 626.7 204.8 39.8 112.1 52.9 CLEANING SEED Service to Tobacco Growers Tobacco growers either produce their own seed or obtain it from a neighbor who has a surplus of a desirable strain. For many years locally grown seed was cleaned by the Experiment Station at the Botanical Laboratory, using apparatus designed and assembled by Dr. George E. Stone. Due to lessened demand for the service and the need for new apparatus, cleaning of tobacco seed was discontinued in 1935. Increased production of tobacco in 1936 and 1937 led to renewed demand for this service in response to which a new type of inexpensive but efficient cleaner was set up at the Seed Laboratory in the spring of 1938, and 42 samples — aggregating 33.57 lbs. were cleaned to a net of 27.21 lbs. Lots of tobacco seed for cleaning should be sent to the Seed Laboratory, West Experiment Station. No charge is made for amounts of seed not in excess of one pound and each lot of cleaned seed will be tested for viability. Publication of This Document Approved by the Commission on Administration and Finance 2500— 2-'39. No. 6269 Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station CONTROL SERIES BULLETIN No. 97 DECEMBER, 1938 Inspection of Agricultural Lime Products By H. D. Haskins This is the twenty-seventh report on the inspection of agricultural lime products in Massachusetts. It gives the composition of the various products which have been sold in the State during the year. In case of the ground limestone products the mechanical analysis is also given. Massachusetts State College Amherst, Mass. INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL LIME PRODUCTS FOR THE SEASON OF 1938 By H. D. Haskins, Official Chemist » Manufacturers and Brands During 1938, 25 firms registered for sale in Massachusetts 53 brands of lime products, manufactured and sold for neutralizing acid soils, one brand of gypsum, and one brand of agricultural talc. The products are grouped as follows: Hydrated or slaked lime 28 Ground limestone 23 Oyster shell lime 1 Lime ashes 1 Total 53 Gypsum 1 Talc 1 The analytical results which appear in this bulletin represent, with but a few exceptions where representative samples were furnished us by request, officially drawn samples secured by the same sampling agents who drew the samples for the fertilizer inspection. The samples came from a wide range of territory within the State and it is believed that they are quite representative of the lime products sold in the State as soil amendments. The following brands were registered in Massachusetts but were not officially sampled by our inspectors. The two firms were requested to send us representa- tive samples for analysis but the samples were not received. Dominion Lime Co., Lime Ridge, P. Q., Canada Dudswell Brand Agricultural Limestone Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Springfield, Mass. E. S. Land Lime E. S. Magnesian Hydrated Lime Variations and Deficiencies in the Composition of Lime Products Of the lime products effective in neutralizing soil acidity, about 76 percent of those analyzed fully met the minimum guarantee; of the 22 ground limestone products, 2 showed deficiencies. The Solvay Pulverized Limestone, manufac- tured by the Solvay Process Co., was 2.05 percent low in calcium oxide; however, it tested 1.69 percent above the guarantee in magnesium oxide so that its neu- tralizing value was but slightly impaired. The other product, of which five samples were analyzed, was put out by the Bolton Lime Works. It showed an average deficiency of calcium oxide and magnesium oxide of 3.72 percent and 1.13 percent respectively. The product is not a high grade limestone as it contains an average of 23.84 percent of insoluble matter which is of no commercial value. Ten of the 26 brands, or about 38 percent of the hydrated lime products analyzed, showed deficiencies in either calcium oxide or magnesium oxide, or both. Seven of these deficiencies were not of a serious nature as overruns in one ingre- dient largely compensated for the shortages in the other. Three brands, however, were seriously low in both total oxides as well as in neutralizing value. The H. E. Millard's Sweet Arrow Hydrated Lime had a deficiency of 5.13 per- cent of calcium oxide and an overrun of only .84 percent of magnesium oxide. The New England Lime Co.'s Agricultural Hydrate (Adams) showed a defi- 1 Assisted by H. Robert DeRose, Assistant Chemist, J. T. Howard, G. E. Taylor and C. L. Whiting, Sampling Agents. 3 ciency of 16.47 percent calcium oxide and an overrun of only .73 percent in mag- nesium oxide. Apparently this product had through exposure absorbed an un- usually large amount of carbon dioxide which would result in the formation of calcium carbonate, a compound very much lower in calcium oxide than is the average hydrated or slaked lime. The Rockland Rockport Lime Co.'s Land Lime was deficient 21.76 percent calcium oxide with an overrun of only 2.47 percent magnesium oxide. See foot- note in table of analyses. Lime Definitions Reference is made to Massachusetts Control Bulletin Xo. 87, page 9, published in December, 1936, for definitions of Pulverized Limestone (fine-ground lime- stone) and Ground Limestone (coarse-ground limestone) as adopted by the Asso- ciation of Official Agricultural Chemists of North America. The only definition applicable to lime products that has been officially adopted by the Association since 1936 is the following, which was adopted at the 1938 meeting. Dolomite. Dolomite is a mineral composed chiefly of carbonate of magnesium and calcium in substantially unimolal (1-1.19) proportions. Tonnage of Lime Products Sold in Massachusetts Early in 1938 an effort was made to secure reliable statistics as to the tonnage of lime products used in Massachusetts as soil amendments during 1937. Most of the data was supplied by firms selling lime for agricultural purposes in the State. The following summary shows the results of our efforts. Tons Sob/ Pulverized and ground limestone .... 34,522 Hydrated lime ........ 5,271 Miscellaneous (caustic lime, lime ashes and shell lime) . 284 Total 40,077 Explanation of Table of Analyses Table I, "Proportion of total oxides as carbonates." The data furnished in this column are calculated from an actual determination of carbon dioxide (C02). Calcium or magnesium not in the form of carbonate is present either as hydrated lime (water- or air-slaked), as burned lime (caustic or unslaked), or as basic sili- cate. All of the products listed in this table have at some time been burned, and the proportion of oxides present as carbonates indicates to what extent the product has absorbed carbonic acid from the air. Tables II and III, "Carbonates of calcium and magnesium." The figures in this column are exclusive of the small amounts of calcium and magnesium com- bined as basic silicates; these are readily soluble in mineral acid solutions but obviously should not be classed as carbonates. Under "Mechanical analysis" the figures represent in round numbers the per- centage of product that would pass the various meshed sieves mentioned. The limestone products have been published in two groups or grades (see tables II and III) according to fineness of grinding and to conform to definitions voted by the Association of Official Agricultural Chemists at their 1936 meeting. Tables I and II and III. "Neutralizing value expressed in terms of calcium oxide" represents the acid neutralizing value of both the magnesium and the calcium. The figures in the "percent" column are obtained by a direct titration with standard acid. The "pounds in one ton" are secured by multiplying the figures in the "percent" column by 20. "Insoluble matter" represents material which is insoluble in dilute hydrochloric acid to which a few drops of nitric acid have been added. 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Qj 8 v 4) -£ r-o >. 8£° r&< s O 03 U 05 pQ 1*1 Works, Bolton, Mass., estone (1) ... estone (1) ... estone (1) ... es c « 2 ' a 2 5o . " 3 r t> O'C ■ §§ ' S £ as a* 3 J3C; to 6 O •ot 8 *c 3 u « s 8 « K 4> S s 2? a 0 a> "3 H 3 "= E 0 CM of - O E a 0 0) a T3 a 3 0 O 03 a 93 w a «> X! O.-^ 0 i> § O c — w 3 0 J-C-B 09 03 fa^ 5j-c ■2 M •a< 09 1 ' „ 6 4)'£ ■£ ° o" ■ <*!-§ ' SS: • l& CO 4)^-^ >> ' - 3 2| ce-S O N 06 H h O B a ■< olton Lime Ground Lim Ground Lim Ground Lim bll «! g 4) Sg a 03 Ui 0 « 0 oc>*- 09 ^0^ : 3 3 ►J CT CT ■a 03 c3 fc fl 3 O 0 O S5SS 12 ±^ ■gas m « 0 0 s O Q Table IV. Gypsum or Land Plaster. Name of Manufacturer and Brand United States Gypsum Co., 300 West Adams St., Chicago, 111. Ben Franklin Agricultural Gypsum (3) Calcium Oxide (CaO). Found. 32.64 Guar- anteed. 30.00 Note: Moisture found, 18.36%; insoluble matter, 1.35% Calcium Sulfate (CaS04). Found. 67.51 Guar- anteed. 64.50 Calcium and Magnesium Carbonates Found. 9.98 L. A. Howard and G. D. Howard, Proctorsville, Vermont Howard's Agricultural Talc Magnesium oxide Calcium oxide Iron and aluminum oxides Insoluble silica 30.49 2.47 7.04 51.28 * Guarantee of acid soluble magnesium oxide, 13.00%. Soluble in strong By Fusion Hydrochloric-Nitric Percent Acid Percent 8.03* 1.21 Guarantee Percent 31.00 Publication of this Document approved by the Commission on Administration and Financb 2500. l-'39. No. 6120. Massachusetts agricultural experiment station CONTROL SERIES BULLETIN NO. 98 JUNE, 1939 Nineteenth Annual Report on Eradication of Pullorum Disease in Massachusetts By the Poultry Disease Control Laboratory The 1938-39 testing results reported in this bulletin show further progress in pullorum-disease eradication. There was a very marked increase in the amount of testing done, and the percentage of reactors (0.34) increased slightly over the previous season. Detection of infection in flocks previously negative indicates the necessity and wisdom of annual testing. Most flock owners ap- preciate the value of an annual 100 percent flock testing program when it is supplemented with effective disease preventive measures. MASSACHUSETTS STATE COLLEGE AMHERST, MASS. NINETEENTH ANNUAL REPORT OF PULLORUM DISEASE ERADICATION IN MASSACHUSETTS 1938-1939 By the Poultry Disease Control Laboratory1 INTRODUCTION Pullorum disease is recognized as a serious problem by the poultry industry of the different countries. During the last two decades, the marked changes in the incubation of eggs and in the transporting and the brooding of chicks have resulted in greater and more rapid spread of pullorum infection. Such circum- stances have led to an increased interest in the control, eradication, and prevention of the infection. An effective program for combating the disease includes the annual testing of all birds on the premises supplemented with adequate sanitary and preventive measures. This report shows that poultrymen in Massachusetts have long recognized the importance of an effective pullorum disease eradication program. The results obtained through a nineteen-year period have convinced those engaged in poultry raising that flocks free from pullorum infection are more profitable than infected flocks. This fact expresses itself in the evidence that the successful poultrymen include in their management program annual testing of all birds on the premises and strict observance of measures which prevent the introduction of infection. Summary of Service Rendered Applications received 373 Applications cancelled 8 Flocks tested 365* Number of tests 623,935** Chickens: Routine 608,621 Experimental 6,584 Fowl other than chickens: Routine 5,033 Experimental 3,697** Owners receiving necropsy service 37 Necropsies of reacting birds 91 ♦Includes 10 flocks of poultry other than chickens. **Includes 3,565 paratyphoid tests. At the present time, Massachusetts has more birds in officially tested non- reacting flocks than at any previous time in the nineteen-year testing period. Such progress in the establishment and identification of pullorum-clean breeding stock aids decidedly in building a more valuable and profitable poultry industry. For the progress that has been made in pullorum-disease eradication, credil should be given to the individual flock owners and hatcherymen. It is hoped that their efforts will continue to be effective in combating the disease. ^Poultry Disease Control Laboratory Staff: H. Van Roekel, Chief of Laboratory; K. I_. Bullis, Assistant Veterinary Pathologist: O. S. Flint. Assistant Research Professor; Miriam K. Clarke, Research Assistant: Felicia Jewett, Laboratory Assistant. Appreciation is extended to Dr. J. B. Lentz, Head of the Department of Veterinary Science, for the administrative assistance given to i he testing v.-oi k. m H S}S3J, *n a CO IO CO <* 3ApjS0,J to o o CO vO Oi CO }U3DJa O 00 ■*" r~ Oi co 9 co 9 9 co co 9 MIOSIS to IO 9 CN O •<* ■* o- — — TC oo c j •* _ t- •* Oi o — o CO - * CN CO O 9 to mnouiA[,j "1 "" to Oi °i to — •* ■* es o" CN CN 9 w <* ~* *■* *"" cn ro CN CN CO O CO IO CN O 00 C > 9 9 9 cn cn O -H O Oi to ■* ■* to >tl°JJ°N co -O "1 Ol ". 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O — ■>» -H CO ajqc^sujcg o to 9 2 i2 i2 ■ m m CO 1) m d oj a m g o CV ** .> w > " > w > 41 n 3 S "3 .ti "3 .-E "a .t; "3 .* CO !i "3 1 o O o o 0 O o c o c o c H C H a, H (X H 0. h a f- a Z a. .M o u •a n 0) "O : 0- Pullorum-disease eradication has benefited greatly from the educational work carried on by the Extension Service and other agencies. A persistent and far- reaching educational program will result in great monetary saving for the Massa- chusetts poultry industry. Due credit should be given to the Massachusetts Department of Agriculture which has made possible the official recognition of "Pullorum Passed" and "Pullorum Clean" flocks. The publication of lists of flocks free from pullorum in- fection has served as a guide for the buyer in the purchase of pullorum-clean stock. Distribution of Tests and Reactors Twelve counties received testing service during the season. Table 1 gives the number of tests and reactors for each breed and each county. A new high total of tested samples (615,205) was established for the nineteen-year testing period. The average percentage of positive tests was 0.34. Two counties, Hampshire, and Suffolk, had no reactors among their tested birds. Only one county, Berkshire, had more than one percent positive tests, while the majority of the remaining counties revealed less than one-half of one percent reactors. Norfolk, Middlesex and Worcester led in the number of tested samples. The following breeds and varieties were tested: Bantam, Barnevelder, Barred Plymouth Rock, Black Minorca, Brown Leghorn, Game birds, Light Brahma, New Hampshires, Rhode Island Red, White American, White Leghorn, White Plymouth Rock, White Wyandotte, and Cross-breeds. No reactors were detected among the Bantam, Barnevelder, Black Minorca, Game birds, and White American breeds. Of the total number of samples tested, 560,092 were from females and 55,113 from males. Of these 0.35 and 0.24 percent respectively were positive. Flocks Should Be Tested Annually The effectiveness of annual testing is pointed out by results shown in Table 2. These results strongly emphasize the fact that the majority of poultrymen realize the value of annual testing in the establishment and maintenance of pullorum- clean flocks. It is understood that testing alone is only one phase of a pullorum- disease eradication and prevention program. Whether or not pullorum infection Table 2. Annual Testing Versus Single and Intermittent Testing V 2 "a O H Positive Tests Negative Flocks Positive Flocks Classification ia 3 -o V 8 T3 V H PL, ■a o H £§ o o •o V V H _>, 73 (5 a, 84 23 46 202 65,171 25,866 60,638 419,390 66,379 34.750 79,049 435,027 484 358 726 547 0 73 1 03 0 92 0 13 58 14 33 184 13 7 5 13 8 2 6 4 5 o Two consecutive years Three or more consecutive years . . . 2 1 355 571,065 615,205 2,115 0 34 289 38 ?0 8 exists in a breeding flock may be ascertained through testing. A flock once free from the disease does not necessarily continue to remain free as will be discussed in another part of this report. Pullorum infection may be introduced into a flock through various channels. The introduction of infection may be more difficult to prevent through certain avenues than through others. Considering the widespread nature of the disease and the inadequate employment of disease control and prevention measures against dissemination of the infection, poultry- men cannot be assured from one year to the next that their flocks will remain free from infection. In Table 2 are given comparative results on flocks tested for the first time, flocks tested intermittently, flocks tested for two consecutive years, and flocks tested for three or more consecutive years. The number of flocks tested for the first time was 84, representing 66,379 tests of which 0.73 percent were positive. In this group there were 71 non-reacting flocks, representing 54,925 birds, and 58 of these consisting of 47,694 birds were 100 percent tested. Among flocks tested for the first time, there was an increase of 29 flocks and 25,586 birds over the previous season. It is encouraging to note that in this group the average percentage of infection is less than 1 percent and that most of the birds tested are found in 100 percent tested non-reacting flocks. Such results strongly indicate what can be accomplished in establishing additional pullorum-clean flocks through careful selection from a known nucleus of breeding stock free from pullorum infection such as exists in Massachusetts. The number of flocks in the intermittent-tested group was 23, representing 34,750 tests of which 1.03 percent were positive. The number of flocks tested, birds tested, and average percentage of infection varies but little from the results of the last few years. The flocks tested for two consecutive years numbered 46 and represented 79,049 tests of which 0.92 percent were positive. This group revealed 38 non- reacting flocks of which 33 were 100 percent teste. 1. The group of flocks tested for three or more consecutive years was the largest of the four groups in number of tested flocks (202), tested birds (419,390), and tests (435,027). The average percentage of infection (0.13) was the lowest. Of the total birds (571,065) tested, 73.4 percent were in the group tested for three or more consecutive years. Of the total negative flocks (327) detected, 197 or 60.2 percent were in the group tested for three or more consecutive years; and 184, representing 333,561 birds, were 100 percent tested. A large number of flocks in this group have passed a negative test for several consecutive years. Such flocks are by all means the safest sources in selecting pullorum-clean stock. Of the total birds tested (571,065), 82.2 percent were in flocks which passed a negative test. Among the 355 flock owners who received service, 327 or 92.1 pe-cent obtained a negative report and 309 or 87.04 percent had all the birds on the premises tested. Twenty-eight flocks were classified as positive, representing 101,931 birds. The marked increase in the number of birds in this group is explained by a "break" in one large flock. In Table 3 is listed the range of infection for the positive flocks. In the first- year group, the range of infection for the flocks falls in higher levels than is the case for the other groups. In comparing the percentages of positive flocks among the four groups, it is noted that those percentages for the intermittent flocks and for the flocks tested for three or more consecutive years are the lowest. The percentages of infected flocks in the first three groups are subject to fluctuation from year to year because the number of tested flocks is not very large. Few flock owners test for three consecutive years or longer without completely eliminat- ing the infection from the premises through testing or replacements from clean stock or by a combination of both methods. Mention should be made also of the improvement in increasing the number of 100 percent tested flocks as compared with the previous season. Flock owners are reminded again of the importance of testing all birds on the premises in order to determine the true status of the plant. Furthermore, the Massachusetts Department of Agriculture does not consider partially tested flocks for the official pullorum tested grades established by that Department. Table 3. Range of Infection in the Positive Flocks Flocks Tested Flocks Tested for Range of Fl neks Tested Flocks Tested for Two Consec- Three or More Infection for First Time Intermittently utive Years Consecutive Years Percent 0- 1 3 3 3 1- 2 1 1 1 2- 3 1 3- 4 2 1 1 4- 5 5-10 3 2 1 10-20 20 or more 3 1 1 Totals 13 2 8 5 Percentage of Total Flocks Tested in Each Group 15.48 8 70 17 39 2.48 Appearance of Infection in Flocks Previously Negative During the past year, infection was detected in ten flocks which were negative the previous season. In the majority of cases, no definite source of infection was determined. The data in Table 4 show that only three of the flocks (3, 4, 10) had been negative for more than one year. The owners of flocks 3 and 4 could not account for any definite source of in- fection. Flock 3 was tested on January 16, 1939, and revealed only one reactor (pullet) from which 5. pullorum was isolated. The owner reported that new stock had been introduced in the form of hatching eggs and baby chicks the previous spring, but the sources from which the stock was selected were regarded as free from pullorum infection. Flock 4 was tested on December 15, 1938, and revealed two strong reactors and two doubtful reacting birds. The two strong reactors (pullets) were necropsied and yielded S. pullorum. The owner was able to present evidence that might be only remotely responsible for the infection. On retest, both flocks were negative. These two flocks represent typical cases of "breaks" which occur very infrequently. Such cases should point out that the infection is not always introduced through custom hatching, purchase of infected stock, and contest birds, but possibly may come indirectly from used feed bags, egg crates, etc. The fact that so few birds were infected would strongly suggest such an avenue of infection. The results in Table 4 emphasize to the buyer of pullorum-clean stock that a flock which has passed a negative test for several consecutive years is a safer flock to purchase from than one which has passed only one negative test. These observations also point out that one must guard against infection constantly from the time eggs have been placed in the incubator, during the time the chicks are being reared, and while the adult birds are in the breeding pens. It is obvious that the importance and value of annual testing can not be overemphasized when one considers these "breaks." Table 4. Appearance of Infection in Flocks Previously Negative ■ Number of Years Negative 1938-39 Season Flock Flock Total Number Tested Positive Tests Percent Explanation for Infection 1 1 4,764 4,255 4.069 3,076 4,762 4,252* 4,069* 3,075* 7.03 0.73 0 15 0.16 Custom Hatching 2 1 5,763 5,762 0.17 Purchase of questionable stock 3 7 2,483 2,292 2,481 2,292* 0 04 0.00 Unknown 4 10 6,260 6.332 6,260 6,330* 0.06 0.00 Unknown 5 1 60,644 60,624 0.63 Unknown 6 1 2,192 2,035 2,191 2,035* 0 46 0 00 Inadequate preventive measures 7 1 2,204 2.204 0 14 Inadequate preventive measures 8 1 10,906 2,147t 10.904 2,147* 0 10 0 00 Unknown 9 1 296 295 0 34 Unknown 10 6 4,271 4,271 0.09 Contact with untested stock ♦Represents retests. fRepresents partial test Poultrymen will benefit greatly through continuous and adequate observance of the following control, eradication, and prevention measures: 1. All the birds on the premises should be tested each year. 2. If infection is present, the entire flock should be retested within four to six weeks until a negative report is obtained, provided the value of the birds justifies the expenditure. 3. Every reactor, regardless of its value, should be removed from the premises and sold for slaughter immediately upon receipt of the report. 4. Offal from all birds dressed for market or home consumption as well as dead birds that are not fit for consumption should be burned. 5. The poultry houses, runs, and equipment should be thoroughly cleaned and disinfected immediately after removal of reactors, using disinfectants approved by the United States Department of Agriculture. An empty pen in each house facilitates cleaning and disinfection during the winter months. 6. Birds removed from the premises to egg-laying contests, exhibitions, etc., should be held in quarantine and determined free of disease before they are readmitted into the flock. 7. Purchase of stock in the form of adults, chicks, and eggs should be from known pullorum-disease-free flocks. Consult your county agent regarding addi- tions or replacements in your flock. 8. Eggs should not be saved for hatching until after a flock has been test- ed and all the infected birds removed. Early pullet testing will permit early hatching. 9. Fresh and infertile eggs from unknown or infected sources should not be fed to chickens or exposed to animals such as crows, sparrows, and skunks that may carry or spread the infection. 10. Poultrymen should not custom hatch for untested or infected flocks (including fowl other than chickens). 11. Owners of pullorum-disease-free flocks should not have hatching done where infected eggs or stock may be found. 12. Poultrymen should regard fowl other than chickens as a possible source of pullorum infection unless tested and found free from pullorum disease. 13. Poultrymen should not buy feed in bags that have been used or exposed to infection. (Such bags will be safe for further use if properly disinfected.) 14. Equipment that has been exposed to or contaminated with infective material should not be used again until it has been properly cleaned and sterilized or disinfected. Non-Reacting and Positive Flocks Classified by Counties Table 5 gives the number of non-reacting and positive flocks classified by counties. A total of 289 non-reacting flocks (100 percent tested), representing 440,689 birds, was identified in 12 counties. Also 38 partially tested non-reacting flocks, representing 28,445 birds, were identified. The number of birds in 100 percent tested negative flocks exceeds the previous year's total by 7,770. This gain may appear small. However, when one considers the shift this year of one large flock from the non-reacting group to the positive group, the gain in non- reacting birds among the other flocks is really significant and encouraging. The number of non-reacting, 100 percent tested flocks showed an increase of 48 over the previous season. With these increases in pullorum-free flocks and birds from year to year, the Massachusetts poultry industry is attaining a stronger position as the eradication work progresses. As has been emphasized in previous reports, the entire poultry population of the State could be replaced from pullorum-free flocks. In the majority of instances, replacement of infected flocks by the introduction of pullorum-clean stock is a more economical and certain method of eradicating the disease than retesting. Of course, it must be understood that whatever method of eradication is employed, the flock owner must follow measures which are effective in the elimination and prevention of the disease. The number of infected flocks listed for this season is 28, an increase of 6 over the previous season. No infected flocks were detected in two counties (Hampshire and Suffolk), and only one infected flock each in Barnstable, Franklin, Hampden, and Worcester counties. Owners of infected flocks are encouraged to discuss their pullorum disease problems with the testing agency so that plans for possible eradication of the disease may be adopted. Eradication of pullorum disease from a flock, regard- less of size, can be accomplished provided a suitable program is adopted and 8 followed. The flock owner must realize that the burden of responsibility is his and that the details in eradication are important and must be observed if success is to be attained. Table 5. Non-Reacting and Positive Flocks Classified by Counties County 100% Tested Flocks Partially Tested Birds Flocks Birds Total Flocks Birds Non-Reacting Flocks Barnstable. Berkshire. . Bristol. . . . Essex Franklin. . . Hampden. . Hampshire Middlesex. Norfolk . . . Plymouth. . Suffolk. . . . Worcester. Totals. Barnstable. Berkshire. . Bristol .... Essex Franklin. . . Hampden. . Middlesex. Norfolk. . . Plymouth. Worcester. Totals. 2 3,390 1 649 3 4,039 9 9.377 — — 9 9,377 34 56,471 3 2,537 37 59.008 23 30,563 4 3,533 27 34.096 33 42.683 3 3,164 36 45.847 19 19,021 2 799 21 19,820 26 29,605 5 2,744 31 32.349 44 69,295 7 3,432 51 72,727 23 49,290 6 5,490 29 54,780 24 46,618 3 2,950 27 49.568 1 533 — — 1 533 51 83.843 4 3.147 55 86,990 289 440.689 Positive Flocks 38 28,445 327 469,134 1 604 — — 1 604 4 2,344 2 291 6 2,635 3 5,169 2 1,217 5 6.386 1 5,762 2 280 3 6,042 1 295 — — 1 295 1 697 — — 1 697 4 6,498 — — 4 6,498 3 65,450 1 5.361 4 70.811 1 4,762 1 400 2 5,162 1 2.801 — — 1 2,801 94,382 101.931 Comparison of 1937-38 and 1938-39 Testing Table 6 gives a comparison of the 1937-38 and 1938-39 testing results. Nine counties showed an increase in the number of tested flocks and 11 counties had an increase in tested birds. The average percentages of positive tests increased in 6 counties, decreased in 3, and remained unchanged in 2. One county had no testing the previous season. The number of non-reacting flocks increased in 9 counties. For the State as a whole, increases were observed in tested flocks (47), tested birds (90,838), tests (117,436), and non-reacting flocks (41). The average per- centage of infection increased from 0.17 to 0.34. Table 6. Comparison of 1937-38 and 1938-39 Testing County Flocks Tests Positive Non- Tests Reacting Percent Flocks Barnstable 4 Berkshire 11 Bristol 33 Essex 30 Franklin 28 Hampden 20 Hampshire 21 Middlesex 53 Norfolk 31 Plymouth 29 Worcester 48 Totals Barnstable Berkshire Bristol Essex Franklin Hampden Hampshire Middlesex Norfolk Plymouth Suffolk Worcester Totals 355 1937-38 Season 3,685 12,019 54,358 31,244 38,514 16,077 20,347 71,895 119,440 41,982 70.666 3,685 12,722 59,377 31.658 40,052 16,111 20,635 71,899 123,833 41,997 75,800 0.00 1.73 0.14 0.03 0.16 0.08 0.04 0.33 0 12 0.07 0.05 4 6 31 30 26 19 21 50 27 28 44 308 480,227 1938-39 Season 497,769 0.17 286 4 4,643 4,643 0.37 3 15 12.012 12,924 1.73 9 42 65,394 66,155 0.14 37 30 40,138 40,138 0.22 27 37 46,142 52,472 0 01 36 22 20,517 20,517 0 04 21 31 32,349 32,349 0.00 31 55 79,225 97,055 0.55 51 33 125,591 127,740 0.50 29 29 54,730 70,464 0.57 27 1 533 533 0 00 1 56 89,791 90,215 0 13 55 571,065 615,205 0 34 327 Testing of Fowl Other Than Chickens During the past year, 5,144 turkeys (4,684 females and 460 males) and 21 pheasants (20 females and 1 male) were tested. No reactors were detected. Since it is recognized that pullorum disease may become established in other species of fowl, poultrymen should be mindful of this fact in the control, eradica- tion, and prevention of the disease. Owners of breeding flocks should test all birds on the premises, including fowl other than chickens. Custom and com- mercial hatcheries should not incubate eggs from fowl other than chickens with pullorum-free chicken eggs unless such fowl have been tested and found free from pullorum infection. Nineteen- Year Testing Period Shows Progress in Eradication Table 7 shows testing data for a nineteen-year period. The marked increase in the volume of testing during this period and the progress made in reducing the average percentage of infection are worthy of note. The outstanding achieve- ment, however, is the increase in the percentage of total birds which exist in non-reacting flocks (9.77 percent to 82.15 percent). 10 Table 7. Nineteen-Year Pullorum Disease Testing Summary Positive Birds in Non-reacting Flocks Total Tests Non-reacting - Season Flocks Birds Tests Percent Flocks Number Percent 1920-21 108 24,718 24,718 12.50 25 2,414 9.77 1921-22 110 29,875 29,875 12.65 27 4.032 13.50 1922-23 121 33,602 33,602 7.60 29 5,400 16.07 1923-24 139 59,635 59,635 6.53 38 11,082 18.58 1924-25 156 66,503 66,503 2.94 79 25,390 38.18 1925-26 201 67,919 67,919 2.31 124 33,615 49.49 1926 27 249 127,327 127,327 4 03 114 40,269 31.63 1927-28 321 190,658 232,091 6 52* 138 80,829 42.39 1928-29 413 254,512 304,092 4.25* 228 153,334 60.25 1929-30 460 331,314 386,098 2 17 309 203,038 66.97 1930-31 447 356,810 402,983 1.47 328 267,229 74.89 1931-32 455 377,191 420,861 0.90 355 298,534 79.15 1932-33 335 296,093 300,714 0 47 276 238,074 80.41 1933-34 262 263,241 284,848 0.53 229 212.782 80.83 1934-35 244 281,124 301,887 0.39 213 251,778 89.56 1935-36 252 329,659 344,081 0 30 230 315,215 95.95 1936-37 307 448,519 461,762 0 37 281 424,431 94.63 1937-38 308 480,227 497,769 0 17 286 457,466 95.26 1938-39 355 571,065 615,205 0 34 327 469,134 82.15 ♦Based on total birds tested: 1927-28, 190.658 birds; 1928-29, 254,512 birds. Comments and Suggestions A critical study of the testing results for the past year suggests the following items that should receive the attention of the Massachusetts poultry industry. 1. Annual testing — Among the 308 flocks tested during the 1937-38 season, 65 were not tested this past season. The majority of these flock owners dis- continue the testing for one or two years and sometimes longer. Such a practice is designated as intermittent testing. The testing results of several years show that intermittent-tested flocks are apt to show a higher flock incidence of infection than flocks tested annually. In consideration of the fact that flocks once free of the disease do occasionally become re-infected through obscure channels or through gross mismanagement practices, annual testing is strongly advocated to prevent the infection from becoming well established in such a flock. Further- more, the purchasers of pullorum-free stock cannot buy with the same assurance from a flock not tested for two or three years as they can from a flock tested within a year of the date of sale, even though both flocks were negative on the last test. The true status of a flock can be determined only through testing, and the re- liance on the value of a test should become increasingly less the greater the interval becomes between the date of the test and date of sale of stock from the flock. 2. Testing all birds on the premises — Each year some poultrymen test only part of the birds on the premises. In a few instances such a practice has ap- parently been successful in determining the true status of the flock. However, there is no definite assurance, when a negative test is obtained with a partial flock test, that the untested portion of the flock is also negative. Regardless of the purpose for which untested birds may be retained, there is always the possibility of the spread of infection from untested to tested birds by means of the caretaker, equipment, feed, litter, and even cohabitation of tested and un- it tested birds. Furthermore, official recognition is not given to partially tested non-reacting flocks by the Massachusetts Department of Agriculture. Flock owners who test all birds on the premises, including fowl other than chickens, follow a measure free of speculation. 3. Negative flock "breaks" — The appearance of infection in previously non- reacting flocks is a matter of great concern to the flock owner as well as to the testing agency. While the number of "breaks" is not great from year to year, this problem is a serious one to the flock owner whose flock becomes re-infected. The elimination of pullorum disease from a previously non-reacting flock is more expensive than from an infected flock not previously negative, because in addition to the cost of eliminating the infection the owner also suffers the loss of his pul- lorum-free flock rating, which definitely affects his sales. Owners of breeding flocks should recognize all the possible avenues through which pullorum infection may be introduced and exercise effective precautions against the introduction of the disease. Vigilance against pullorum disease should be practiced the entire year. 4. Retesting and replacement of infected flocks — In the eradication of infection from a flock the owner can select one of several methods or even a combination of methods. The elimination of the disease through retesting may be very expensive and is recommended only when a flock represents valuable breeding stock and the income from the operation of the plant justifies the expenditure for retesting. Owners of infected flocks apparently favor the eradication of the disease from the premises through replacement with pullorum-clean stock, rather than through retesting. Whatever procedure is adopted, the owner should remember that a sound program has many details which must be conscientiously observed in order to attain success in eliminating the disease. The testing agency is glad to co- operate with owners of infected flocks who wish to draw up a program for eradi- cation. 5. Pallor urn-disease eradication requires education — The value of pullorum- disease eradication is recognized by the poultry industry. However, progress in eradication can be greatly expedited by means of effective and far-reaching education. With a constant change in flock owners in this State from year to year, the need for education continues. Various agencies (including flock owners, county poultry associations, county extension services, etc.) through cooperative effort could sponsor a very effective educational program which would result in a great monetary saving to the Massachusetts Poultry Industry. Considering the progress that has been made in the establishment of pullorum-free flocks, every effort should be exercised to use this pullorum-free stock to the fullest extent to bring about further progress in eradication and to serve the poultry industry in the maximum capacity. Official lists of pullorum-free flocks can be obtained from State agencies. Such lists serve as a helpful guide in the purchase of stock and in selecting flocks for custom or commercial hatching. 6. Official recognition of pullorum free flocks — Flock owners whose flocks may be eligible for the official grades "pullorum passed" and "pullorum clean" should apply to the Massachusetts Department of Agriculture, State House, Boston, for official recognition. Records show that many owners whose flocks are eligible for either of the two grades have failed to apply to the Massachusetts Department of Agriculture for the listing of their flocks. Publication of this Document Approved by Commission on Administration and Finance 2500-7-'3Q No. 7779. MR.3ASIL B.WOOD, LIBRARY MASSACHUSETTS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION Control Series Bulletin No. 99 November, 1939 Inspection of Commercial Feedstuffs By Philip H. Smith This is the forty-fifth report of feeding stuffs inspection and presents the results of analysis of 1,942 samples of feeding stuffs intended for livestock and poultry consumption, collected during the year ending September 1, 1939. MASSACHUSETTS STATE COLLEGE AMHERST, MASS. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS By Philip H. Smith1 This, the forty-fifth report concerning the inspection of commercial feedstuffs, covers the examination of some 1,900 samples of feedstuffs found by inspectors on the Massachusetts markets. In all, 962 brands are represented. The report simply covers the examination of these products in relation to the requirements as laid down in the statute. It does not take cognizance of many other factors pertaining to feeds which should be considered in deciding whether they measure up to what is known as quality. The foregoing statement does not imply, however, that laws as they now exist have not had a decided effect in holding in check adulteration and fraud. If we are to truly evaluate a feed, more should be known than its content of crude protein, fat, and fiber. Protein is a complex substance whose general make-up depends upon the source from which it is derived. When certain amino acids, which go to make up the protein molecule, are lacking, the feed in which the protein is found will not fulfil its function as a component of a well-balanced ration. Fat as ordinarily determined contains chlorophyl (the green coloring matter of growing plants) and waxes, in addition to true fat or oil. These cannot all be considered as of equal food value. Fiber is a general term including all cellulose-like constituents. If the fiber present is true cellulose it is of considerable food value. Where the fiber contains an excessive amount of lignin it is less valuable. Thought should be given to the kind of mineral elements which a feed contains. The ash or mineral part of a feed as ordinarily determined may consist almost entirely of silica, or it may contain appreciable amounts of the more valuable elements, such as phosphorus and calcium. Research has also developed the fact that the complete absence of certain elements ordinarily present in minute quantities will give rise to functional disorders. Manganese in poultry feeds, the lack of which may cause slipped tendons in chicks, is an example. Two physical factors which have an effect upon a feed are length of storage and heat. Alfalfa hay improperly stored loses much of its vitamin A potency. There is a certain danger in over-heating fish and meat by-products in drying, while soybean meal is apparently benefited by some heat during or after the extraction process. Provision should be made in the statute for guarantees other than protein, fat and fiber, where such guarantees would be essential in fixing the value of a feed. The value of molasess lies in its sugar content: the protein and fat content are negligible. A sugar and water guarantee would fully indicate the quality of molasses. The various fish oils used entirely for their vitamin content should carry a guarantee of vitamin potency. It is at least debatable whether the present feed law should not be revised so as to be more flexible in its operation and cover points not included in the present act. ■The following staff members assisted in the inspection: Albert F. Spelman, John W. Kuzmeski, and Leo V. Crowley, chemists; Frederick A. McLaughlin, microscopist; James T. Howard, in- spector Cora B. Grover, clerk. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 3 During the period covered by this bulletin especial attention has been paid to ground oats and oat products. While Federal grades for whole oats may be of value in the grain markets, they lend considerable confusion to the evaluating of ground oat products. Under the standards oats may contain as low as 80 per cent of sound cultivated oats. Feed oats and mixed feed oats may contain as little as 30 per cent. The propriety of designating a mixture containing less than 50 per cent of oats as oats, even with a qualifying term, can be seriously questioned. In some instances oats of any grade when ground are designated as pure ground oats. Feeding oatmeal, supposedly a pure ground oat groat, has been found not only as a pure product but also made from a No. 4 oat which may contain as little as 80 per cent of oats. There has also been found quite generally distributed a so-called feeding oatmeal which contained not only a liberal amount of barley but rice and tapioca waste as well. In the latter instance through the cooperation of the Federal Food and Drug Administration several carloads were placed under seizure and the shipper prosecuted in the Federal Courts. Included in the tables are the analyses of a number of dog foods. While the Massachusetts statute does not cover the inspection of dog foods, samples col- lected by our inspectors are reported as a matter of general interest. The Feeding Stuffs Act has been amended by the General Court to include the following paragraph. An Act further regulating the contents of tags or labels on CERTAIN PACKAGES, LOTS OR PARCELS OF COMMERCIAL FEEDING STUFF. Be it enacted, etc., as follows: Section two hundred and twenty-five of chapter ninety-four of the General Laws, as appearing in the Tercentenary Edition, is hereby amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph: — If such a tag or label contains any claim of one or more dietary factors other than those herein specified, such tag or label shall bear a legible and plainly printed statement in the English language guaranteeing such claim. Approved March 15, 1939. CONTROL BULLETIN No. 99 Summary of Analyses Season of 1938-1939 Samples Brands Manu- facturers Alfalfa Products Alfalfa Meal Alfalfa Leaf Meal Alfalfa Stem Meal Animal and Fish Products Bone Meal Fish Meal .... Meat Scrap Milk Powder Brewers and Distillers By-Products Brewers Grains ..... Distillers Grains . . . . . Malt Sprouts ..... Cereal Meals Barley Meal Corn Meal . Ground Oats Feeding Oatmeal Provender (Corn and Oats) Corn Products Gluten Meal Gluten Feed Hominy Feed Miscellaneous Mill Residues Beet Pulp .... Oat Feed .... Rye Feed .... Unclassified .... Oil Cake Meals Soy Bean Meal Cottonseed Meal . Linseed Meal Miscellaneous Oil Cakes Wheat Products Red Dog Flour Flour Middlings . Standard Middlings Wheat Mixed Feed Wheat Bran Mixtures for Animals Calf Meals . Dairy Feeds . .( Dog Foods . Fitting Rations Goat Feeds . Hog Feeds . Molasses and Horse Feeds Rabbit Feeds Stock Feeds Mixtures for Poultry Chick Growing and Starting Feeds Chick Scratch Feeds Coarse Scratch Feeds Duck Feeds . Broiler and Fattening Feeds Laying Mashes Turkey Feeds Unclassified . 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O !»■ fm"**"* CN m *!• t **■ ** f **"*•"*■>* NO&-^Oa--0'CO^O>^'J''-CO — ' 00 i — ^-riNM w (N cm — ~- ~- — vO fN — ~* — r-j r^i n ^i — — liOM*,^^ultn^ifl Tf sC ir> i1 io ^ 't — . • >. -a «,(* O c ° 5 C cd £ ^ n 5C-- wJ=j3^S M.ti.2 i- o o c e a £,£ .2 ii U- >M£i-sl2 «" 2 nKooos^ _p.i ~,d in tn w t/i & V) 'ji'Jiw van (A uMmncn _3_3_D_3_3_3_3_3_3_3_33_33_33 jj Jj «_ *- ~ :T ~ ~ ~ 'c~ — ^'JiJiJiJi^ cQmSSSSmmcacQSoaSSSS 2o< s^ ~^^~Z£~Z 3i$ jEj m £ £ £ £ is j^a> w^^ ^. — — — — ,« •— — - ju ^ ^ U ^ cfl CS fS fS rrt CS (^ 4 (N fN CN (N CN -« — —< ■ 38 CONTROL BULLETIN No. 99 Feeds Not Conforming to Guarantees (Shortages of less than one per cent in protein or fat or an excess of less than one per cent in fiber are not listedl a. aii E.S Manufactuter and Brand oQk O C fa Ashcraft-Wilkinson Co. ("Texsun" Kuder Citrus Pulp V'Texsun" Kuder Citrus Pu'.p E. W. Bailey & Co. Capital Dairy Ration .... Pennant Growing Feed .... Pennant Laying Mash .... Barber & Bennett. Inc. Double Value 24% Dairy Peed Beacon Milling Co., Inc. Beacon Sweet "24" Berkshire Coal & Grain Co., Inc. (Berkshire Hills Sweet Dairy Feed . \ Berkshire Hills Sweet Dairy Feed . IGreylock 20% Molasses Ration \Greylock 20%, Molasses Ration A. B. Caple Co. 20% Capex Dehydrated Alfalfa Leaf Meal Consolidated Rendering Co. Corenco 45% Meat and Bone Scrap Nicolas Courcy Grain Co. f Courcy Dairy Feed .... \ Courcy Dairy Feed .... Dehydrating Process Co. "Protine Brand" White P'ish Meal . Delaware Mills, Inc. Indian Laying Mash .... Dewey Bros. Co. Corn 3D Distillers Dried Grains J. L. Dunnell & Son Excel 20 Per Cent Dairy Feed Excel Mash . .... Full Value Mixed Feed .... Elmore Milling Co.. Inc. Elmore Turkey Growing Mash Elmore Turkey Starting Mash Farm Service Co. C Growing Mash . Diamond A Dairy Feed Lawrence Cow Ration N. E. C. Laying Mash . North Star 16% Dairy Feed Florv Milling Co.. Inc. Flory's 24% Butterfat Dairy Feed Goode Grain Co. !Goode Laying Mash Goode Laying Mash Goode Laying Mash Goode Starting & Growing Mash Goode Starting & Growing Mash D. H. Grandin Milling Co. Grandin's Broiler Mash Humphreys-Godwin Co. Dixie Brand Cottonseed Meal 2.2 — 2.8 1.3 - 1.5 — 1 .2 — — 1 .2 2.3 — 1.4 1.9 - 1 .2 1 6 2. 1 — 2.7 2.5 — 1 0 2.4 1 .9 1.5 3.3 2.6 — 2.0 — 1.3 t .3 - - 1.2 1.3 — INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS Feeds Not Conforming to Guarantees — Continued 39 (Shortages of less than one per cent in protein or fat or an excess of less than one per cent in fiber are not listed) B 1 — O u 2 ° ? Manufacturer and Brand >. u c Q c u c *> *> '3 c V S2 1-1 4, tn n C u W J; a O. M E.S in 2 . 1) c e c 01 "3 U V U 2 ._, a O => £2 Manufacturer and Brand * Q c c <-> >> u c "0 c li; (J 11 X c a E E.S oft. J ft. W w ft. u. u. 2 1 Schoeneck Farms, Inc. Keystone Brand Dehydrated Alfalfa Meal — — 2.0 2 1 Sjuier & Co. Squiers Buttermilk Kgg Mash — 10 — 2 2 Arthur Ventura Grain Co. /Ventura Laying Mash ..... 1, Ventura Laying Mash ..... 2.0 1 .0 - — 1 1 Vitality Mills. Inc. Vitality Goat Pellets — — 1.7 1 1 C. P. Washburn Co. "Made Right" Horse Feed .... — 1.8 — 2 1 Stanley Wood Grain Co. Bliss Dairy Ration ..... - 1 .4 — Average Analyses of Unmixed By-Products (Collected between September 1, 1938. and April 1. 1939) Nitro- Num- Water Protein Fat gen Fiber Ash ber (Per- (Per- (Per- Free (Per- (Per- of cent^ cent) cent) Extract cent) cent) Samples (Per- cent) Cottonseed Meal 31 8.2 41.0 6.2 28.9 9.2 6.5 Linseed Meal 16 9.2 35.6 6.0 36.5 7.2 5.5 Soy Bean Meal . 22 11 .6 42 . 8 4.8 30. 1 5.0 5.7 Gluten Meal 8 9.5 44 1 1 .9 41 4 1 .9 1 2 Gluten Feed 24 12.2 26.0 2.4 46.8 6 4 6 2 Distillers Dried Grains 16 7.1 2"0 8.8 41 .7 113 2.1 Brewers Dried Grains 16 8.6 27.6 6.1 34.6 14.5 3 6 Wheat Standard Middlings 19 12 5 17..? 4.9 53.5 7.0 4.8 Wheat Flour Middlings 9 12.6 17 1 4.7 56.2 5 4 4.0 Red Dog Flour ') 12.3 17.4 3 6 60 . 6 .>, 1 1 <) Wheat Mixed Feed >') 12.4 15 8 3 .» 56 5 6.5 4 ') Wheat Bran 04 13 1 15.7 4.2 52.3 8.6 () 1 Corn Meal 24 14.9 9.1 4.2 68 6 1 .8 1 4 Ground Oats 4.? 11.3 12 4 3.8 58.9 10 2 3.4 Hominy Feed 2.\ ill 1 1 1 6.<> 64.1 4 1 2.7 Dried Beet Pulp 5 ill 8.8 0.6 57 1 18.6 3.7 Barley Meal 4 12.0 12.7 2.2 63 . 7 6.6 2.8 INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 41 Certified Ingredients Allied Mills, Inc. Economy 20% Dairy Feed Soybean oil meal, cottonseed meal, corn meal, corn distillers' dried grains, brewers' dried grains, corn gluten feed, ground oats, wheat bran, cane molasses, 2% ground limestone, 1% salt, 0.5% steamed bone meal, 0.03% iron oxide, 0.0005% potassium iodide. Wayne-Amco 24% Dairy Ration Corn gluten meal, corn distillers' dried grains, brewers' dried grains, corn gluten feed, old process linseed oil meal, soybean oil meal, cottonseed meal, ground oats, corn meal and hominy meal, wheat bran, cane molasses, 0.5% steamed bone meal, 1.5% ground limestone, 1.0% salt, 0.03% iron oxide, 0.0005% potassium iodide. Wayne-Amco 20% Dairy Ration Cottonseed meal, brewers' dried grains, corn distillers' dried grains, ground oats, corn gluten feed, corn meal and hominy meal, soybean oil meal, corn gluten meal, old process linseed oil meal, wheat bran, cane molasses, 0.5% steamed bone meal, 1.5% ground limestone, 1.0% salt, 0.03% iron oxide, 0.0005% potassium iodide. Wayne-Amco 16% Dairy Ration Corn distillers' dried grains, cottonseed meal, brewers' dried grains, corn gluten feed, old process linseed oil meal, corn meal, hominy meal, soybean oil meal, ground oats, wheat bran, cane molasses, 0.5% steamed bone meal, 1.0% ground limestone, 1.0% salt, 0.03% iron oxide, 0.0005% potassium iodide, crimped oats. Wayne Chick & Broiler Ration Dried skim milk, animal liver meal, meat scraps, fish meal, ground yellow corn, corn gluten meal, fine ground oats, wheat standard middlings, wheat bran, soybean oil meal, dehydrated alfalfa meal, 1.5% ground limestone, 0.04% iron oxide, 0.0005% potassium iodide, 0.04% manganese sulphate, 0.25% salt and fortified sardine oil. Wayne Chick Starter Dried skim milk, animal liver meal, meat scraps, fish meal, wheat standard middlings, corn meal, corn gluten meal, fine ground oats, dehydrated alfalfa meal, soybean oil meal, wheat bran, 15% ground limestone, 0.06% iron oxide, 0.0007',' potassium iodide, 0.06% manganese sulphate, 0.25% salt and fortified sardine oil. Wayne Egg & Breeder Mash Dried skim milk, animal liver meal, meat scraps, fish meal, wheat standard middlings, wheat bran, corn meal, corn gluten meal, corn gluten feed, dehydrated alfalfa meal, soybean oil meal, fine ground oats, 2% ground limestone. 0.06% iron oxide. 0.0007r; potassium iodide, 0.25% salt, 0.06% manganese sulphate and fortified sardine oil. Wayne Flushing Mash Dried whey, meat scraps, fish meal, soybean oil meal, wheat standard middlings, corn meal, wheat bran, 1.8% ground limestone. 0.03% iron oxide, 0.03% manganese sulphate, 0.0003% potassium iodide and 0.13% salt. Wayne Growing Mash Dried skim milk, animal liver meal, meat scraps, fish meal, wheat standard middlings, corn meal, corn gluten meal, fine ground oats, dehydrated alfalfa meal, soybean oil meal, wheat bran, 1.5% ground limestone, 0.06% iron oxide, 0.0007% potassium iodide, 0.06% manganese sulphate, 0.25% salt and fortified sardine oil. Wayne Mash Concentrate Dried skim milk, animal liver meal, fish meal, meat scraps, soybean oil meal, corn gluten meal, corn gluten feed, dehydrated alfalfa meal. 4% ground limestone. 0.15% iron oxide, 0.002% potassium iodide, 0.5% salt, 0.15% manganese sulphate, and fortified sardine oil. Wayne 26% Mash Supplement Dried skim milk, animal liver meal, meat scraps, fish meal, wheat standard middlings, wheat bran, corn gluten meal, corngluten feed, dehydrated alfalfa meal, soybean oil meal, 3% ground limestone, 0.15% iron oxide, 0.002% potassium iodide, 0.15% manganese sulphate, 0.5% salt and fortified sardine oil. Wayne Poultry Fattener Ground yellow corn, corn germ oil meal, white hominy feed, rolled oats, fine ground oats, wheat standard middlings, wheat red dog, old process linseed oil meal. l'[ salt, 4% ground limestone. Wayne Turkey Growing Mash Dried skim milk, animal liver meal, meat scraps, fish meal, wheat standard middlings, corn meal, fine ground oats, dehydrated alfalfa meal, soybean oil meal, corn gluten meal, wheat bran, 2% ground limestone. 0.06% iron oxide, 0.0007% potassium iodide, 0.06'~c manganese sulphate, 0 25',^ salt and fortified sardine oil. Wayne Trrkey Starting M3sh Dried skim milk, animal liver meal, meat scraps, fish meal, wheat standard middlings, corn gluten meal, corn meal, dehydrated alfalfa meal, soybean oil meal, wheat bran, fine ground oats, 2% ground limestone. 0.06^i iron oxide. 0.0007% potassium iodide, 0.06% manganese sulphate, 0.25% salt and fortified sardine oil. A. P. Ames Co. Ames Complete Cycle Ration Corn meal, wheat middlings, wheat bran, pulverised whole oats, meat scraps, cod fish meal, dried milk, alfalfa leaf meal, calcium carbonate, salt, fortified cod liver oil. 42 CONTROL BULLETIN No. 99 Ames Egg Mash Corn meal, wheat middlings, meat scraps, pulverized whole oats, wheat bran, alfalfa leaf meal, dried milk, cod fish meal, calcium carbonate, salt, fortified cod liver oil. Ames 20% Milk Maker Gluten, corn meal (and, or hominv), wheat bran, wheat middlings, linseed meal (and, or soy bean oil meal, and. or cotton seed meal), oat feed, calcium carbonate and salt. Ames Starter and Broiler Ration Corn meal, wheat middlings. 10% dried skim milk, pulverized whole oats, wheat bran, alfalfa leaf meal, cod fish meal, meat scraps, calcium carbonate, salt, concentrated cod liver oil. Arcady Farms Milling Co. Arcady 24% Open Formula Production Ration Wheat bran, hominy feed, o. p. linseed oil meal, ground oats, cottonseed meal, corn gluten meal, corn gluten feed, distillers corn dried grains, soy bean oil meal, molasses, 1% bone meal, 1% calcium carbonate from limestone, 1% salt. Arcady 20% Open Formula Production Ration What bran, hominy feed, o. p. linseed oil meal, ground white oats, corn gluten feed, cottonseed meal, corn gluten meal, distillers corn dried grains, molasses, 1% bone meal, 1% calcium car- bonate from limestone, 1% salt. Arcady Sweet 16 Dairy Feed Wheat bran, soy bean oil meal, corn gluten meal. o. p. linseed oil meal, distillers corn dried grains, brewers dried grains, corn gluten feed, cleaned ground & bolted wheat screenings, ground & bolted oat mill feed (oat hulls, oat shorts, oat middlings), cottonseed meal, molasses, 1% calcium carbonate from limestone, Yi of 1% salt. E. W. Bailey & Co. Bailey's 20% Special Gluten feed, standard wheat middlings, oat-meal mill by-products (oat middlings, oat hulls, oat shorts), corn meal, wheat bran, cottonseed meal, molasses, salt, edible bone meal, calcium carbonate, soybean meal. Capital Dairy Ration Corn gluten feed, linseed oil meal, hominy feed, 43% cottonseed meal, ground oats, wheat bran, corn meal, soybean meal, edible bone meal, calcium carbonate, fine salt and molasses. Favorite Dairy Ration White hominy feed, cottonseed meal, linseed oil meal, corn meal, ground oats, wheat bran, soybean meal, corn gluten feed, standard wheat middlings, edible bone meal, calcium carbonate, fine salt and molasses. Barber <£ Bennett, Inc. Double Value 24% Dairy Feed Ground heavy oats, ground heavy barley, hominy feed or corn meal, soybean oil meal, cotton- seed meal, corn distillers' grains, corn gluten feed, brewers' dried grains, wheat bran (may contain mill run screenings), babassu oil meal, cane molasses, calcium carbonate from lime- stone, salt. Fort Orange Brand Broiler Mash Dried skim milk, meat scraps, dried whey, alfalfa leaf meal, corn meal, pulverized heavy oats, soybean oil meal, wheat bran (may contain mill run screenings), wheat middlings, steamed bone meal, cod liver oil, calcium carbonate from limestone, Yi of 1% salt, potassium iodide, not less than .0017% iodine, manganese sulphate. Fort Orange Brand Chic-Razer Mash Dried skim milk, meat scraps, fish meal, dried whey, alfalfa leaf meal, ground hulled oats, corn meal, pulverized heavy oats, soybean oil meal, pure wheat bran, wheat^ flour middlings, steamed bone meal, cod liver oil, calcium carbonate from limestone, Vi of 1% salt, potassium iodide, not less than .0017% iodine, manganese sulphate. Fort Orange Brand 32% Dairy Feed Soybean oil meal, cottonseed meal, corn distillers grains, corn gluten feed, corn gluten meal, wheat bran (may contain mill run screenings), cane molasses, calcium carbonate from lime- stone, steamed bone meal, 2% salt, potassium iodide, not less than .0035% iodine. Fort Orange Brand 24% Dairy Feed Ground heavy oats, ground heavy barley, hominy feed or corn meal, linseed oil meal, soybean oil meal, cottonseed meal, corn distillers' grains, brewero' dried grains, corn gluten feed, wheat bran (may contain mill run screenings), cane molasses, calcium carbonate from lime- stone, steamed bone meal, 1% salt, potassium iodide, not less than .001 7 ^ iodine. Fort Orange Brand 20% Dairy Feed Ground heavy oats, ground heavy barley, hominy feed or corn meal, linseed oil meal, soybean oil meal, cottonseed meal, corn distillers' grains, brewers' dried grains, corn gluten feed, wheat bran (may contain mill run screenings), dried beet pulp, cane molasses, calcium carbonate from limestone, steamed bone meal. 1% salt, potassium iodide, not less than .0017% iodine. Fort Orange Brand 16% Dairy Feed Crushed heavy oats, hominy feed or corn meal, linseed oil meal, soybean oil meal, corn distillers' grains, brewers' dried grains, wheat bran (may contain mill run screenings), cane molasses, calcium carbonate from limestone, steamed bone meal, 1% salt, potassium iodide, not less than .0017' ;> iodine. Fort Orange Brand Golden Test Ration Crushed heavy oats, corn meal or hominy, corn distillers' grains, wheat bran, dried beet pulp, linseed oil meal (pea size), soybean oil meal (pea size), corn gluten feed, cane molasses, steamed bone meal, potassium iodide, not less than .001 7' J iodine, 1% salt. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 43 Fort Orange Brand Growing Mash Dried skim milk, meat scraps, fish meal, dried whey, dehydrated alfalfa meal, corn meal, pulverized heavy oats, ground heavy barley, soybean oil meal, wheat bran (may contain mill run screenings), wheat flour middlings, steamed bone meal, cod liver oil, calcium carbonate from limestone, 1% salt, potassium iodide, not less than .0035% iodine, manganese sulphate. Fort Orange Brand Laying Mash Dried skim milk, meat scraps, fish meal, dried whey, dehydrated alfalfa meal, corn meal, pulverized heavy oats, ground heavy barley, soybean oil meal, wheat bran (may contain mill run screenings), wheat flour middlings, steamed bone meal, cod liver oil, calcium carbonate from limestone, \% salt, potassium iodide, not less than .0035% iodine. Fort Orange Brand Turkey Grower Dried skim milk, meat scraps, dehydrated alfalfa meal, corn meal, pulverized heavy oats, soybean oil meal, corn gluten meal, wheat bran (may contain mill run screenings), wheat flour middlings, calcium carbonate from limestone, \. meat scraps. 651 hsh meal (vacuum pro- cess), dried skim milk, alfalfa leaf meal, calcium carbonate, salt, cod liver oil. Blue Seal "20" Dairy Ration , . . , Old process linseed oil meal, soy bean oil meal, ground oats, malt sprouts, corn on meal, gluten feed choice cottonseed meal, hominy feed, wheat bran, corn distillers grains, dried brewers grains, P. R. cane molasses, B. S. mineral mixture .white fish meal, edible bone meal, calcium carbonate, dicalcium phosphate, potassium iodide, salt). Blue Seal "18" Dairy Ration ■ . .. , . Fancy crimped oats, fancy ground oats, linseed oil meal (pea size), soy bean oil meal (pea size), rolled barley, hominy feed, wheat bran, corn oil meal, wheat middlings, P. K. cane molasses, B. S. mineral mixture (white fish meal, edible bone meal, calcium carbonate, dical- cium phosphate, potassium iodide, and salt). Blue Seal Egg Mash , . ..... , No "> yellow corn meal, fine ground heavy oats, pure wheat bran, wheat flour middlings, h. g. meat scraps, 55% fish meal, dried skim milk, alfalfa leaf meal, P. R. cane molasses, corn gluten meal, calcium carbonate, salt, cod liver oil. Blue Seal Fleshing Pellets , ..... Yellow corn meal, corn oil meal, fine ground oats, ground oat groats, pure wheat middlings, soy bean oil meal, h. g. meat scraps, dried skim milk, P. R. cane molasses, calcium carbonate, salt, cod liver oil. Blue Seal Growing Mash .,.,,. , , . i m o Dried skim milk, h. g. meat scraps, 55% codfish meal, altalfa leat meal, corn gluten meal, No. 2 yellow corn meal, pure wheat bran, wheat flour middlings, fine ground heavy oats, ground barley, P. R. cane molasses, calcium carbonate, salt, cod liver oil. Blue Seal Hom-Mi* 24% Dairy Ration , Choice cottonseed meal, soy bean oil meal, corn oil meal, malt sprouts, corn gluten meal oat feed, wheat bran, hominy feed, peanut skins, germs and meal, linseed oil meal, dried brewers' grains, P. R. cane molasses, B. S. mineral mixture (white hsh meal, edible bone meal, calcium carbonate, dicalcium phosphate, potassium iodide and salt). Blue Seal Improved All-Mash Ration Coarse ground No. 2 yellow corn, ground fancy wheat, fine ground heavy oats, pure wheat bran, wheat flour middlings, h. g. meat scraps. 55% codfish meal, dried skim milk, altalfa leat meal, corn gluten meal, P. R. cane molasses, calcium caibonate, salt, cod liver oil. Blue Seal Improved Balanced Ration . Old process linseed oil meal, soy bean oil meal, ground oats, malt sprouts, corn gluten meal, choice cottonseed meal, hominy feed, wheat bran, corn distillers grains, dried btewers grains, corn oil meal, P. R. cane molasses, B. S. mineral mixture (white fish meal, edible bone meal, calcium carbonate, dicalcium phosphate, potassium iodide, saltl. 66 CONTROL BULLETIN No. 99 Blue Seal Laying Mash No. 2 yellow corn meal, pure wheat bran, fine ground heavy oats, h. g. meat scraps, corn gluten meal, wheat flour middlings, ground barley, ground fancy wheat, P. R. cane molasses, alfalfa leaf meal, dried skim milk, 55% codfish meal, salt, calcium carbonate, cod lher oil. Blue Seal Special 20% Dairy Ration Choice cottonseed meal, soy bean oil meal, corn oil meal, malt sprouts, gluten feed, oat feed, wheat bran, hominy feed, peanut skins, germs and meal, linseed oil meal, dried brewers' grains, corn distillers' grains, P. R. cane molasses, B. S. mineral mixture (white fish meal, edible bone meal, calcium carbonate, dicalcium phosphate, potassium iodide, salt). Est. M. G. Williams Williams' Balanced Ration Corn meal or hominy, linseed oil meal, cotton seed meal, ground oats, gluten feed, dried brewers grains, wheat feed, soy bean meal, calcium carbonate and salt. Williams' Chick Starter Corn meal, bran, middlings, feeding oatmeal, leaf meal, soybean oil meal, dried skim milk, meat scraps, fish meal, calcium carbonate, cod liver oil and manganese, and salt. Williams' Growing Feed Corn meal, bran, middlings, ground oats, soy bean meal, dried skim milk or dried whey, alfalfa meal, fish meal, meat scraps, calcium carbonate, salt, cod liver oil and manganese. Williams' Laying Mash Corn meal, bran, middlings, ground oats, soy bean meal, meat scraps, fish meal, leaf meal, dried skim milk, calcium carbonate, salt, cod liver oil, and manganese. Stanley Wood Grain Co. Bliss Dairy Ration Corn meal (or hominy), cottonseed meal, wheat bran, soybean oil meal, linseed oil meal, wheat middlings, gluten meal, gluten feed, table salt, edible bone meal, calcium carbonate, (beet pulp). Prepared Complete Growing Ration Cod liver oil, dried skim milk, dried whey, Lactoflavin concentrate, dried fish meal, whole oat groats, meat scraps, alfalfa leaf meal, yellow corn meal, soybean oil meal, ground wheat, corn gluten meal, ground barley, wheat bran, wheat middlings, ieeding oatmeal, calcium carbonate, salt, manganese sulfate. Preferred Complete Laying Ration Cod liver oil, dried whey, soybean oil meal, Lactoflavin concentrate, dried skim milk, dried fish meal, whole oat groats, meat scraps, alfalfa leaf meal, yellow corn meal, ground wheat, pulverized oats, wheat bran, wheat middlings, calcium carbonate, table salt, manganese sulfate. Preferred Laying Mash Dried skim milk, dried whey, Lactoflavin concentrate, fish meal, meat scraps, alfalfa leaf meal, wheat bran, yellow corn meal, soybean oil meal, pulverized oats, feeding oatmeal, wheat middlings, salt, calcium carbonate, cod liver oil, manganese sulfate. Woods Dairy Ration Cottonseed meal, wheat middlings, yellow corn meal (or hominy), soybean oil meal, ground oats, old process linseed oil meal, corn gluten feed, dried beet pulp, wheat bran, salt, calcium carbonate. Worcester Grain & Coal Co. Just Right Dairy Ration 2-4% Old process linseed oil meal, choice cottonseed meal, choice white or yellow hominy, corn gluten feed, wheat bran. Diamond gluten meal, ground oats or crushed oats, soy bean oil meal. 1% calcium phosphate, 1% salt, with or without molasses. Just Right Dairy Ration 20% Old process linseed oil meal, choice cottonseed meal, choice white or yellow hominy, corn gluten feed, wheat bran. Diamond gluten meal, ground oats ot crushed oats, soy bean oil meal, 1% calcium phosphate, 1% salt, with or without molasses. Just Right Growing Mash Flour middlings, corn meal, wheat bran, feeding oat meal, diied skimmilk, alfalfa leaf meal, fish meal, meat scraps, oyster shell meal, salt, calcium phosphate, cod liver oil. lust Right Laving Mash Dried skimmilk, corn meal, flour middlings, standard bran, meat scraps, ground oats, fish meal, alfalfa leaf meal, soy bean meal, oyster shell meal, 1% calcium carbonate, cod liver oil. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 67 Directory of Manufacturers Who Registered Feeding Stuffs for Sale in Massachusetts in 1939 Albers Bros. Milling Co., Seattle. Wash. Allied Mills, Inc., Chicago, 111. American Maize-Products Co., 100 East 42nd St., New York, N. Y. A. P. Ames Co., 10 Walnut St., Peabody, Mass. Antelope Valley Alfalfa Milling Co., Lancaster, Cal. (Registered by Mathews &- Fritz Co.) Apothecaries Hall Co., Waterbury, Conn. Arcady Farms Milling Co., 223 West Jackson Blvd., Chicago. III. Archer-Daniels-Midiand Co., Minneapolis, Minn. Ashcraft-Wilkinson Co., Atlanta, Ga. (Registered also for Rio Grande Citrus Exchange) Atkinson Milling Co., 900 Flour Exchange, Minneapolis, Minn. B. & B. Dairy Co., Inc., Margaretville, N. Y. Edward R. Bacon, 177 Milk St., Boston, Mass. E. W. Bailey & Co., Montpelier, Vt. Franklin Baker Division of General Foods Corporation. Hoboken, X. J. Barber & Bennett. Inc.. Albany, N. Y. Bay State Milling Co., Winona, Minn. Beacon Milling Co., Inc., Cayuga, N. Y. Berkshire Coal & Grain Co., Inc., North Adams, Mass. Albert Bieren. Lexington. Mass. Bisbee Linseed Co., Inc., Amsterdam, N. Y. Bisbee Linseed Co., 2100 Lincoln liberty Bldg., Philadelphia, Penn. Blatchford Calf Meal Co., Waukegan. 111. Borden Co., 350 Madison Ave., New York, N. Y. Borden Grain Co., 26 Gianite St., Taunton, Mass. Eradley & Baker, 155 East 44th St., New York. N. Y. C. W. Brister & Son, Auburn, N. Y. A. H. Brown & Bros., Boston, Mass. (Registered by Mellin's Food Company of North America) Brown Brotheis, Bondsville. Mass. George B. Brown Corp., Ipswich, Mass. Buckeye Cotton Oil Co., Cincinnati, Ohio. C. W. Burckhalter, Inc., 177 Franklin St., New York, N. Y. Butn.an Feed Co., Lynn, Mass. Cairo Meal and Cake Co., Cairo, 111. Canada Linseed Oil Mills, Ltd., Montreal and Toronto. Canada. A. B. Caple Co., Toledo, Ohio. Center Milk Products Co., M.'ddlebury Center, Penn. Central Soya Co., Inc., Fort Wayne, Ind. Chapin & Co.. Hammond, Ind. Checkerboard Elevator Co.. St. Louis. Mo. (Registered by Ralston Purina Co.) Checkerboard Feed Store, Oswego, N. Y. (Registered by Ralston Purina Co.) Clinton Co., Clinton, Iowa. Coatsworth & Cooper, 67 Yonge St., Toronto, Canada. Commander-l.arabee Milling Co., Minneapolis, Minn. Community Feed Stores, Inc., South Deerfield, Mass. Consolidated Chemical Industries, Inc., Woburn, Mass. Consolidated Rendering Co., 178 Atlantic Ave., Boston. Mass. Continental Distilling Corp., 1800 West Lehigh Ave., Philadelphia. Penn. Copeland Flour Mills, Ltd.. Midland, Ontario, Canada. Corn Products Refining Co., 17 Battery Place, New York. N. Y. Nicolas Courcy Grain Co., 12 Waverly St., Taunton, Mass. Cover & Palm Co., 150 Middle St., Lowell, Mass. Chas. M. Cox Co., 177 Milk St., Boston, Mass. (Registered for Sherwin-Williams Company of Canada, Ltd., and Kansas Milling Co.) Curley Grain and Fuel Co., Wakefield. Mass. Dairymen's League Co-Operative Association, Inc.. 11 West 42nd St.. New York, X. \ , Dawe's Vitamelk Co.. 4800 South Richmond Ave., Chicago, 111. Decatur Milling Co., Inc., Decatur, 111. Dehydrating Process Co., 60 Mt. Washington Ave., Boston, Mass. Delaware Mills, Inc., Deposit. N. Y. (Registered also for Squier & Co.) Denver Alfalfa Milling & Products Co., Lamar, Col. Dewey Bros. Co., Blanchester, Ohio. Frank Diauto, 87 Warren St., Randolph, Mass F. Diehl & Son, Inc., Wellesley, Mass. Dietrich & Gambrill, Inc., Frederick. Md. Dominion Linseed Oil Co.. Ltd.. 837 Mill St., Montreal, Canada. Dreyer Commission Co.. St. Louis, Mo. Eagle Roller Mill Co.. New Ulm, Minn. East Bridgewatei Farmers' Exchange, Inc., East Bridgewater, Mass. Eastern Grain Co., Bridgewater, Mass. Eastern States Farmers' Exchange. Springfield, Mass. B. A. Eckhart Milling Co., 1300 Carroll Ave., Chicago. 111. Economy Grocery Stores Corp., 39? D Street, Boston, Mass. Michael W. Ellis, 19 Walnut St.. Peabody, Mass. Elmore Milling Co., Inc., Oneonta, N. Y. John W. Eshelman & Sons, Lancaster, Penn. Evans Milling Co., Indianapolis, Ind. Fxcelsior Milling Co., Minneapolis, Minn Farm Service Co., Fitchburg, Mass. Farmers Feed Co., 532 East 76th St., New York, N. Y. Federal Mill, Inc., Lockport, N. Y. Fernando Valley Milling & Supply Co., Van Nuys, Cal. Ferneau Grain Co., Blanchester, Ohio. Finger Lakes & Hudson Flour Mills, Inc.. Geneva, N. Y. Finger Lakes & Hudson Flour Mills, Inc., 7 Madison St., Troy. N. Y. First National Stores, Inc., 5 Middlesex Ave., Somerville. Mass. 68 CONTROL BULLETIN No. 99 Flory Milling Co., Inc., Bangor, Penn. Fred A. Fountain, Inc.. Taunton, Mass. Dean S. French, 17 Columbia St., Stoughton, Mass. Paul Fuller & Sons, 8 Mooney Ave., Salem, Mass. Funk Bros. Seed Co., Bloomington. 111. J. B. Garland & Son, Inc., Worcester, Mass. General Foods Corp., Battle Creek, Mich. General Foods Corp., Corn Mill Division, Kankakee. 111. General Foods Corp., Franklin Baker Division, Hoboken, N. J. General Mills. Inc., Minneapolis, Minn. VV. K. Gilmore & Sons, Inc., Walpole, Mass. Glidden Co , 5165 West Moffat St.. Chicago, 111. Gloucester Dehydrating Co., Gloucester, Mass. Goode Grain Co , 452 Broadway. Lowell. Mass. Gorton-Pew Fisheries Co., Ltd., Gloucester, Mass. Grand Isle County Cooperative Creamery Assn., Inc., Grand Isle, Vt. Grand Union Co., 233 Broadway, New York, N. Y. D. H. Grandin Milling Co., Jamestown. N. Y. Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Co., New York, N. Y. Green Acre Farms. Nazareth, Penn. Gwinn Milling Co., Columbus, Ohio. Hales & Hunter Co., 166 West Jackson Blvd., Chicago, 111. Wm. Hamilton & Son, Inc., Caledonia, N. Y. Dieudonne Harbeck, 405 Earl St., New Bedford, Mass. Hecker H-O Division of Hecker Products Corp., Buffalo, N. Y. Hercules Powder Co., Dairy Products Division, 228 North LaSalle St., Chicago. 111. D. B. Hodgkins' Sons, Gloucester, Mass. Hood Mills Co., Baltimore, Md. E. C. & W. L. Hopkins, Inc., Greenfield, N. H. Hoosier Soybean Mills, Inc., Marion, Ind. Horvitz Grain Co., 742 Acushnet Ave., New Bedford, Mass. Hubinger Co., Keokuk, Iowa Humphreys-Godwin Co., Memphis, Tenn. Illinois Cereal Mills, Inc., Paris, 111. International Milling Co., Minneapolis, Minn. Ismert-Hincke Milling Co., Kansas City, Mo. Jaquith & Co., 305 Main St., Woburn, Mass. Kansas Flour Mills Corp., Kansas City, Mo. Kansas Milling Co., Wichita, Kan. (Registered by Chas. M. Cox Co.) Kasco Mills, Inc., Waverly. N. Y. Kellogg Co., Battle Creek. Mich. Spencer Kellogg & Sons, Inc., 9S Delaware Ave., Buffalo, N. Y. Kemo Mills, Toledo, Ohio. Keystone Dairy Co., 535 Carlton Ave., Biooklyn, N. Y. H. H. King Flour Mills Co., Minneapolis, Minn. King Midas Flour Mills, Minneapolis, Minn. Kraft-Phenix Cheese Corp., Chicago, 111. Chas. A. Krause Milling Co., Milwaukee. Wis. Lake of the Woods Milling Co., Ltd., Montreal, Canada. Lakeside Milling Co., Ltd.. Toronto, Canada. Larabee Flour Mills Co., Kansas City, Mo. Larrowe Milling Co.. Division of General Mills, Inc., Detroit, Mich. Franklin L. Lewi, Inc., 2 Broadway, New York, N. Y. John T. Lewis & Bros. Co., 910 Widener Bldg., Philadelphia, Penn. L. B. Lovitt & Co., Memphis, Tenn. A. S. MacDonald Commission Co., 404 Grain Jc Flour Exchange, Boston, Mass. (Registered for Parrish & Heimbecker, l^td.) Maine Fish Meal Co.. Portland, Maine. Mansfield Coal & Grain Co., Mansfield, Mass. Mansfield Milling Co., 1 Samoset Ave.. Mansfield, Mass. Maritime Milling Co., Inc., Buffalo, N. Y. C. J. Martenis Grain Co.. Produce Exchange Bldg., New York, N. Y. Mathews & Fritz Co., 124 West 4th St., Los Angeles, Cal. (Registered for Antelope Valley Alfalfa Milling Co.) Meadow Brook Farms. John A. Miller, Nazareth, Penn. Mellin's Food Company of North America, 41 Central Wharf, Boston, Mass. (Registered for A. H. Brown & Bros.) Merrimack Farmers' Exchange, Inc., Concord, N. H. Middlesex County Farm Bureau Assn., 131 Lexington St.. Waltham, Mass. Midland Flour Milling Co., Kansas City, Mo. Miller Cereal Mills. Omaha. Neb. Miner-Hillard Milling Co.. Wilkes-Barre. Penn. Mississippi Valley Grain &. Feed Co., Muscatine, Iowa. Geo. Q. Moon & Co., Inc., Binghamton. N. Y. Moore-Lowry Flour Mills Co., Coffevville, Kan. Jas. F. Morse & Co., 11 Horace St., Somerville, Mass. National Biscuit Co., Shredded Wheat Bakeries, Niagara Falls, X. Y. National Milling Brancli of National Biscuit Co., 2221 Front St.. Toledo, Ohio. Neumond Co.. 309 Merchants Exchange Bldg., St. Louis, Mo. New England Dailies, Inc., 142 Cambridge St., Charlestown, Mass. New England Grain Co., 390 Commercial St., Portland, Maine. New England Rendering Co., Brighton. Mass. New England Retail Grain Dealers Cooperative Association, Inc., Springl eld, Mass. Norris Grain Co., 141 West Jackson I*lvd., Chicago, 111. North East Feed Mill Co., Minneapolis, Minn. Ogden Grain Co., Utica, N. Y. Ogilvie Flour Mills Co., Ltd., Montreal, Canada. Old Fort Mills, Inc., Marion, Ohio. Park & Pollard Co., Inc., 356 Hertel Ave., Buffalo, N. Y. George H. Parker Grain Co., Danvers. Mass. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 69 Parrish & Heimbecker, Ltd., Toronto, Canada. (Registered by A. S. MacDonald Commision Co.) Patent Cereal Co., Geneva. N. Y. Pecos Valley Alfalfa Mill Co., Chandler, Ariz. Penick & Ford Ltd., Inc., Cedar Rapids, Iowa. Perkins Oil Co., Memphis, Tenn. Phaneuf & Son, 188 Rivet St., New Bedford, Mass. Phoenix Flour Mills, Davenport, Iowa. Pillsbury Flour Mills Co., Minneapolis, Minn. Maurice PincofTs Co., 1 Main St., Houston, Texas. Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co., Newark, N. J. W. N. Potter Grain Stores, Inc.. Greenfield, Mass. R. C. Pratt, 68 King St. E.. Toronto, Canada. H. C. Puffer Co., Springfield, Mass. Quaker Oats Co., 141 West Jackson Blvd., Chicago, 111. Ralston Purina Co., St. Louis, Mo. (Registered also for Checkerboard Elevator Co. and Checkerboard Feed Store.) Reading Milling Co., Reading, Penn. (Successor to F. S. Wertz & Son.) John Reardon & Sons Division of Wilson & Co., Inc., Cambridge, Mass. Rice Laboratories, Inc., Dassel, Minn. D. F. Riley. North Hatfield, Mass. Rio Grande Valley Citrus Exchange, Weslaco, Texas. (Registered by Ashcraft-Wilkinson Co.) Rodney Milling Co., Kansas City, Mo. Roy Grain Co., Anawam St., Rehoboth, Mass. Russell-Miller Milling Co., Minneapolis, Minn. Ryther & Warren, Belchertown. Mass. St. Albans Crain Co., St. Albans, Vt. (Registered also for Taft Bios.) St. Lawrence Floui Mills Co , Ltd.. 2110 Notre Dame St. West, Montreal, Canada. Schenley Distilleries, Inc., 350 Fifth Ave., New York, N. Y. Schoeneck Farms, Inc., Nazareth, Penn. Schuyler Warehouse, Inc., Albany, N. Y. Joseph E. Seagram & Sons, Inc., Louisville, Ky. Sherwin Williams Co., 101 Prospect Ave., N. W., Cleveland, Ohio. Sherwin-Williams Company oi Canada, Ltd. (Registered by Chas. M. Cox Co.) W. J. Small Co., Neodesha, Kan. Mrs. Annie P. Smith, 102 Hale St., Haverhill, Mass. Smith-Bodfish-Switt Co., Vineyard Haven, Mass. Snow Brokeiage Co., 3039 East 12th St., Los Angeles, Cal. (Registered for C. C. Stafford Milling & Warehouse Co., Inc.) Southern Cotton Oil Co., Atlanta, Ga. Soya Processing Co., 505 Palmei St., Wooster, Ohio. Squier & Co., Monson, Mass. (Registered by Delawaie Mills, Inc.) C. C. Stafford Milling & Warehouse Co., Inc., Puente, Cal. (Registered by Snow Brokerage Co.) A. E. Staley Manufacturing Co., Decatur, 111. Standard Milling Co., 309 West Jackson Blvd., Chicago, 111. David Stott Flour Mills, Inc.. 4895 Grand River Ave., Detroit. Mich. Stoughton Grain Co., Stoughton, Mass. Stratton & Co., Concord, N. H. Stratton Grain Co., 741 North Milwaukee St.. Milwaukee, Wis. Sunset Feed & Grain Co., Inc., 610 Chamber of Commerce, Buffalo, N. V. Swift & Company (Oil Mills), Atlanta. Ga. Swift & Company (Soy Bean Mill;, Chnmpaign, 111. C. H. Symmes & Co., Winchester. Mass. Taft Bros., Uxbridgc, Mass. (Registered by St. Albans Grain Co.) Tioga Mills, Inc., Waverly, N. Y. Toledo Soybean Products Co., 215 Pontiac St., Toledo. Ohio. Tremaine Alfalfa Ranch & Milling Co., Inc., Mesa, Ariz. Estate of Harry C. Trexler, Trexler Farms Division, 1227 Hamilton St.. Allentown, Penn. Jacob Trinity & Sons, 1. infield, Penn. Union Starch & Refining Co., Columbus, Ind. United Cooperative Farmers, Inc., Fitchburg, Mass. United Farmers Cooperative Creamery Assn., Inc., Chailestown, Mass. Unity Feeds, Inc., 177 Milk St., Boston, Mass. Van Iderstine Co., Long Island City, N. Y. Van Vechten Milling Corp.. 196 Smith St., Rochester. N. Y. Arthur Ventura Grain Co., 7 Purchase St., Taunton, Mass. Vitality Mills, Inc., Board of Trade Bldg., Chicago. III. Voigt Milling Co., Grand Rapids, Mich. Hiram Walke: & Sons, Inc., Foot of Edmund St., Peoria, 111 C. P. Washburn Co., Middleboro, Mass. Wayne County Grangers Feed Corp., Clyde, N. Y. H. K. Webster Co., Lawrence, Mass. Western Condensing Co., Petaluma. Cal. Est. M. G. Williams, Taunton, Mass C. H. Williamson & Co., Inc., 215 Merchants Exchange Bldg., St. Louis, Mo. (Successors to Bartlett Frazier Co.) Wilmington Packing Co., New Boston St., Woburn, Mass. Wilson & Co., 41st St. and South Ashland Ave., Chicago, 111. Stanley Wood Grain Co., Taunton, Mass. Worcester Grain & Coal Co., Worcester, Alass. Publication of this Document Approved by Commission on Administration and Finance 2,500— 1-'40. D-1589. ^R.SASIL B.WOOD, - _ LIBRARY massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station CONTROL SERIES BULLETIN NO. 100 DECEMBER, 1939 Inspection of Commercial Fertilizers By H. D. Haskins This is the sixty-sixth report of the Massachusetts Fertilizer Control made in accordance with Chapter 94, Sections 250 to 261, inclusive, of Massachusetts General Laws 1920, as amended by Chapter 67, Acts of 1933. Massachusetts State College Amherst, Mass. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS FOR THE SEASON OF 1939 By H. D. Haskins, Official Chemist1 CONTENTS Manufacturers and brands ......•••••• ^ Fertilizer trade values .......••••• Fertilizer tonnage ......••••••• Plant food tonnage ....•••••••• 4 Mixed fertilizers Deficiency statistics .....••••••• Mixing efficiency table ....••••••• Acid and basic fertilizers .....••■••• Average analysis of mixed fertilizers .....-••• Mixtures showing a commercial shortage of $1 or more per ton . . . . 11 Mixtures substantially complying with guarantees . . . . ■ • • 12 Chemicals and raw products Summary of results of the inspection 36 Nitrogen compounds .....••••••• **7 Phosphoric acid compounds ....•••••• 40 Potash compounds ....•••••••• Products supplying nitrogen and phosphoric acid 42 Pulverized animal manures ....••••••• " Miscellaneous ...-••••••••• Definitions and interpretations relating to fertilizers . 49 Directory of manufacturers who registered fertilizers for sale in Massachusetts in 1939 . 49 MANUFACTURERS AND BRANDS Registrations have been perfected in Massachusetts during 1939 by 103 firms, covering 538 brands of mixed fertilizer and unmixed fertilizing materials. The nature of these products is shown by the following classification: Complete fertilizers Ammoniated superphosphates Superphosphates with potash Dry ground fish, tankage and ground bone . Fertilizer simples, including organic nitrogen compounds Tobacco stems .... Pulverized manures Cotton hull ashes and wood ashes Peat products .... Stone meal Nitrate of potash .... Total 335 3 1 45 105 1 30 8 3 1 6 538 i Assisted by H. Robert DeRose, John W. Kuzmeski, Albert . F. Spelman Leo V. Crowley, Chemiste! James T. Howard, C. L. Whiting, L. A. Graves, Sampling Agents; George E. Taylor, Laboratory Assistant; Cora B. Grover, Clerk. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS 3 The following brands were not found on display by the sampling agent at any point in the state and therefore do not appear in the tables of analyses. Brands of Fertilizers Registered but Not Sampled Apothecaries Hall Co. Hy-Trous Co. Liberty Corn 2-10-2 Hy-Trous Scientific Plant Food 5-J^-2 Liberty High Grade Market Gardeners (Extra Organic) 5-8-7 Independent Manufacturing Co. Cotton Hull Ashes (0-0-25) Independent's Fine Ground Bone Meal Dry Ground Fish (9.46-5-0) (1.5-28-0) Linseed Meal 32% Protein (Muir & Co.) (5.12-0-0) International Agricultural Corp. Soy Bean Meal (Archer-Daniels-Midland) International 5-10-5 44% Protein (7.04-0-0) Old Deerfield Fertilizer Co., Inc. Armour Fertilizer Works Linseed Meal (Kellogg-Miller) (5.12-0-0) Armours Big Crop Fertilizer 4-10—4 Armours Big Crop Tobacco Special 7-3-7 Rogers & Hubbard Co. Armours Fertilizer 6—8-6 Red H Brand 4-12-4 Special Tobacco Mixture 4.48-2-14.74 Red H Brand 5-6-4 Eastern States Farmers' Exchange Salem Chemical & Supply Co. Eastern States Cottonseed Meal (6.5-0-0) Plant Food 3-4-3 (a) a Sales discontinued May 1, 1939. Drawing of Samples Between April 1 and June 15, three sampling agents made a thorough canvass of the State: James T. Howard in Hampshire, Hampden, Franklin, and Berk- shire Counties; L. A. Graves in Norfolk, Bristol, Plymouth, Barnstable, and Dukes Counties; and C. L. Whiting in Essex. Middlesex, Suffolk, and Worcester Counties. They visited 173 towns, took 1,818 samples, representing 519 brands, from stock in the possession of 415 agents or owners, and called upon 305 agents where no samples were drawn because the agency had been discontinued, the stock was all sold out, or sufficient samples had already been taken of the brands found. They sampled 23,602 sacks, representing 23,020 tons of fertilizer. One ton was sampled to every two and four-fifths tons sold in the state. FERTILIZER TRADE VALUES The fertilizer trade values are based on average wholesale quotations of ferti- lizer chemicals and unmixed materials, as taken from trade journals for six months ending March 1, 1939, to which 20 per cent has been added for over- head. When appropriate, an additional allowance has also been made for bags, labor, and transportation. CONTROL SERIES No. 100 Fertilizer Trade Values Form of Plant Food Nitrogen In ammonia salts In nitrates Organic nitrogen in fish Organic nitrogen in blood, meat and hoof meal Organic nitrogen in fine1 bone and tankage Organic nitrogen in coarse1 bone and tankage and in pulverized manures . Organic nitrogen in mixed fertilizers Organic nitrogen in cottonseed meal, castor pomace, linseed meal, soybean meal, etc Organic nitrogen in urea Organic nitrogen in cyanamid Phosphoric Acid Available (soluble in water and neutral citrate of ammonia) In precipitated bone In basic slag phosphate In fine1 bone and tankage, and in fish In coarse1 bone and tankage .......... In pulverized manures, seed residues, and ashes Insoluble in neutral citrate of ammonia in mixed fertilizers .... Potash As sulfate As muriate As carbonate As nitrate In potash-magnesia sulfate In cotton hull and wood ashes (soluble) In organic vegetable compounds, sheep manure, insoluble in ashes Magnesium Oxide Water soluble from Kieserite, Emjeo, sulfate of potash-magnesia In form of finely ground dolomite Value per Pound SO. 088 .109 .3125 .2175 .256 .1835 .220 .21 .088 .084 .055 .047 .082 .036 .0315 .0315 .017 .05 .038 .08 .0428 .0655 .065 .04 .0633 .00625 Unit Value $1.76 2.18 6.25 4.35 5.12 3.67 4.40 4.20 1.76 1.68 1.10 .94 1.64 .72 .63 .63 .34 1.00 .76 1.60 .856 1.31 1.30 .80 1.27 .125 1 Fine bone and tankage refers to particles which, as sampled, will pass through a sieve with circular openings 1/50 of an inch in diameter. Coarse bone and tankage refers to that portion which will not pass through the sieve. FERTILIZER TONNAGE Tonnage of Mixed and Unmixed Fertilizers Sold in Massachusetts July 1, 1936, to July 1, 1937 July 1, 1937, to July 1, 1938 July 1, 1938, to July 1, 1939 Fertilizer chemicals and materials unmixed Pulverized natural manures .... 48,527 24,004 1,743 45,339 22,360 1,476 41,616 20,800* 1.55S Totals 74,274 69,175 63.974 * Does not include 876 tons of 45% superphosphate and 903 tons of 47% superphosphate distributed by the A.A.A. There were 5,201 tons less fertilizer sold in the state in 1939 than during the previous year. The tonnage of mixed fertilizer was 3.723 less, and that of the fertilizer chemicals and unmixed materials was 1,560 less than for 1938. Pul- verized manures showed a decrease of 82 tons. Of the total tonnage sold, 65.05 per cent was mixed fertilizer, 32.51 per cent was unmixed materials, and 2.44 per cent was dried and pulverized natural manures. Plant Food Tonnage Nitrogen Phosphoric Acid Potash 1938 1939 1938 1939 1938 1939 Mixed fertilizers a Fertilizer chemicals and materials unmixed Pulverized natural manures .... 2,355 2,131 1,434 1,324 32 33 3,796 2,015 25 3,529 1,9746 28 3,326 745 41 3,053 775 43 Totals 3 821 3,488 5,836 5,531 4,112 3,871 a Does not include plant food tonnage of fertilizer mixed for special orders. 6 Does not include 825 tons of available phosphoric acid from 1,779 tons of superphosphate distributed by the Agricultural Adjustment Administration. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS 5 There were 879 less tons of plant food sold in the state than during 1938, of which 333 tons were nitrogen, 305 tons available phosphoric acid, and 241 tons potash. There were 12,890 tons of plant food sold, of which 27 per cent was nitrogen, 43 per cent available phosphoric acid, and 30 per cent potash. Mixed fertilizers furnished 67.6 per cent of the plant food, chemicals and unmixed materials 31.6 per cent, and pulverized manures 0.8 per cent. The three plant food elements were furnished in the following proportions by the mixed fertilizers and the unmixed materials, including the pulverized manures: nitrogen, 61 per cent from mixed and 39 per cent from unmixed; phos- phoric acid, 64 per cent from mixed and 36 per cent from unmixed; potash, 79 per cent from mixed and 21 per cent from unmixed. The tonnage tables present figures for one year, July 1, 1938, to July 1, 1939, for both mixed fertilizers and unmixed fertilizer materials. In case of the mixed fertilizers, the grade represents the plant food guarantee and is expressed in the order of nitrogen, available phosphoric acid, potash. Tonnage of Mixed Fertilizers Complete Fertilizers U Per Cent or More of Available Plant Food (Nitrogen, Available Phosphoric Acid and Potash) Grade 5-8-7 4-8-4 4-8-7 6-3-6 4-8-10 8-16-16 7-6-6 4-8-8 5-8-10 4-12-4 7-7-7 5-10-5 6-3-7 3-10-4 6-8-6 3-10-6 8-24-8 8-16-14 5-5-15 10-6-4 8-16-20 4-10-4 5-10-4 5-6-4 12-16-12 4-16-20 8-6-2 3-12-6 4-12-6 8-5-8 5-10-10 6-6-5 4-10-6 5-5-5 4-3-12 7-5-3 Tonnage 11,004 4,280 2,618 2,321 2,110 1,629 1,410 1,352 1,225 1,171 976 812 760 747 514 477 442 434 428 402 358 352 323 288 259 237 184 172 162 158 152 139 138 128 105 96 Brands 30 22 17 9 17 8 12 9 10 12 9 Grade 8-8-4 7-14-19 6-8-2 2-8-10 6-7-4 4-9-3 8-5-2 8-6-4 6-12-12 7-7-6 7-12-10 8-4-8 10-3-3 4-10-3 7-7-5 8-8-8 8-20-12 9-6-6 7-3-7 5-9-8 8-6-3 2.5-4-8 3-7-6 10-5-5 5-7-3 5-9-2 5-8-5 6-12-4 5-10-7 8-6-6 10-2-2 7-8-3 Miscellaneous Special Mixtures Totals Tonnage 87 79 66 65 65 61 59 54 53 53 48 45 43 43 41 37 26 23 22 21 21 19 17 17 16 16 14 14 12 12 11 11 73 1,426 41,033 Brands 26 318 Less than U Per Cent of Available Plant Food (Nitrogen, Available Phosphoric Acid and Potash) 5-3-5 4-4-1 3-3-3 415 21 18 5-6-2 Miscellaneous Totals 485 17 Superphosphate with Potash 0-20-20 I 97 2 Ammqniated Superphosphate 4-4-0 i ! 6 CONTROL SERIES No. 100 Of the 41,616 tons of mixed fertilizer sold, 70 per cent was furnished by 10 grades and 146 brands. Double- and multiple-strength grades totaled 3,523 tons and 36 brands, which was 165 tons more than during the previous year. Although the total tonnage of mixed fertilizers shows a decrease of 3,723 tons, or 8.2 per cent, the double- and multiple-strength grades show an increase of 165 tons, or 4.9 per cent. This indicates a continuing trend toward the manu- facture of higher grade fertilizers. Of the mixed fertilizer sold, 98.6 per cent contained 14 per cent or over of avail- able plant food. There were 153 tons less of low-analysis (less than 14 per cent available plant food) complete fertilizers sold than in 193S. The 5-3-5 grade, comprising 6 brands, furnished 85.6 per cent of the tonnage of this class of goods. In the following table are listed ten of the most popular grades of mixed fer- tilizer together with the tonnage of each sold in Massachusetts for the years 1938 and 1939. 1938 1939 Grade Tonnage Grade Tonnage 5-8-7 12,186 5-8-7 11,004 4-8-4 6,090 4-8-4 4,280 4-8-7 3,123 4-8-7 2,618 7-6-6 2,507 6-3-6 2,321 4-8-10 2,227 4-8-10 2,110 6-3-6 1,943 8-16-16 . 1,629 4-8-8 1,609 7-6-6 1,410 8-16-16 1,494 4-8-8 1,352 5-8-10 1,303 5-8-10 .... 1,225 4-12-4 1,078 4-12-4 1,171 The tonnage of unmixed materials, as shown in the following table, was dis- tributed as follows: nitrogen products, 38 per cent; phosphoric acid products, 37 per cent; potash products, 6 per cent; tankage, fish, bone, nitrate of potash, Ammo-Phos, and wood ashes, 18 per cent; and miscellaneous, 1 per cent. Pul- verized animal manures are not included. Tonnage of Unmixed Fertilizing Materials Material Tonnage Brands Material Tonnage Brands Superphosphate 16% 4,062 11 Linseed meal 117 Superphosphate 20% 3,407 14 Cotton hull ashes 105 7 Nitrate of soda . 3,052 6 Organo 91 Cottonseed meal 1,938 7 Superphosphate 40% 87 _ Bone meal . 1,772 25 Castor pomace . 70 7 Pulverized animal manures 1,558 30 Ammo-Phos 57 Milorganite 899 - Urea 50 Sulfate of ammonia . 891 8 Basic slag phosphate 40 Cyanamid . 853 - Wood ashes 40 Soybean meal 841 5 Sulfate of potash 35 Muriate of potash 60% . 734 9 Stone meal 23 Muriate of potash 50% . 387 - Precipitated bone 22 Nitrate of potash 360 6 Dried blood 18 Animal tankage 246 9 Horn and hoof meal 10 Dry ground fish 216 9 Miscellaneous 25 5 Peat .... 181 171 = Totals Cal-Nitro .... 22,358* 200 * In addition there were 876 tons of 45% superphosphate and 903 tons of 47% superphosphate distributed by the Agricultural Adjustment Administration. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS MIXED FERTILIZERS Deficiency Statistics for Mixed Fertilizers Number op Brands Number of Tests or Determinations o ^ » 3. V - . t. a oj en & " $ & » 8 o £"3 "3 B gOo O ■So .2 o« < < H 2 m « § Acme Guano Co. .... 9 9 27 3 3 0 2 Agricultural Laboratories, Inc. 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 American Agricultural Chemical Co. 50 47 149 39 11 2 0 Apothecaries Hall Co. 20 20 59 1 1 1 0 Armour Fertilizer Works . 26 25 78 20 6 2 2 Ernest J. Bantle 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 F. A. Bartlett Tree Expert Co. 1 1 3 1 0 0 0 Belmont Gardens .... 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 Berkshire Chemical Co. 13 13 39 7 1 0 1 Joseph Breck & Sons .... 4 4 12 0 0 0 0 C. & R. Sales Co 1 1 3 0 0 1 0 Clay & Son, Ltd. 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 Collins Seed Service Co. . 4 4 12 3 0 0 0 Consolidated Rendering Co. 22 22 68 8 3 1 0 Davey Tree Expert Co. 1 1 3 1 1 0 0 Davison Chemical Corp. . 2 2 6 1 2 0 0 Dehydrating Process Co. . 1 1 3 1 0 0 0 Eastern States Farmers' Exchange . 16 16 61 8 2 1 1 Ellis Laboratories, Inc. 1 1 3 0 0 1 0 Thomas W. Emerson Co. . 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 Excell Laboratories .... 1 1 3 0 1 0 0 Fertilizer Sales Corp. 4 4 12 0 0 0 0 H. L. Frost & Higgins Co. 2 2 6 0 0 0 0 Garden Hose Spray Co., Inc. . 1 1 3 1 0 0 0 Goulard & Olena, Inc. 3 3 9 3 1 0 0 Thomas J. Grey Co 1 0 3 0 0 0 1 Hartney-Amalia, Inc. 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 Allen Hersom Co 2 2 6 0 1 0 0 Gerald S. Higgins .... 1 1 3 0 1 0 1 A. H. Hoffman, Inc. . . 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 Independent Manufacturing Co. 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 International Agricultural Corp. 21 21 69 15 2 1 0 Gerald E. A. Leitch .... 1 1 3 1 0 0 0 McClain Brothers Co. 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 Mechling Bros. Division of General 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 Miller Chemical & Fertilizer Corp. . 7 7 21 3 2 1 1 New England Toro Co. 1 1 3 1 0 0 0 Old Deerfield Fertilizer Co., Inc. 18 18 57 1 0 0 0 Olds & Whipple, Inc. 14 14 42 0 0 0 1 F. G. Phillips Co 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 Plantabbs Corp 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 Plantspur Products Co., Inc. . 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 Rogers & Hubbard Co. 32 32 96 8 2 1 0 O. M. Scott & Sons Co. . 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 Standard Wholesale Phosphate & Acid Works, Inc 6 6 18 0 3 1 0 Sutton & Sons, Ltd 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 Swift & Company Fertilizer Works . 7 6 21 6 2 0 1 F. Sylvester & Son . 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 Synthetic Nitrogen Products Corp. 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 Tennessee Corp 2 2 6 1 0 0 0 Universal Chemical Corp. 2 2 6 1 0 1 0 Virginia-Carolina Chemical Corp. . 1 1 3 0 1 0 0 C. P. Washburn Co 4 4 12 1 1 0 0 Winslow Nurseries 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 Woodruff Fertilizer Works, Inc. 7 7 21 3 1 0 0 Totals 327 321 1,003 138 48 14 11 a Several analyses of the same brand have been averaged and recorded in the table as one analysis. Analyses of fertilizer left over from previous year not included. CONTROL SERIES No. 100 Summary of Deficiencies in Mixed Fertilizer 1937 1938 1939 Brands deficient in three elements Brands deficient in nitrogen . Brands deficient in available phosphoric acid Brands deficient in potash . . Brands deficient in magnesium oxide . 77 16 2 39 29 47 0 89 20 3 35 70 32 2 120 39 4 100 41 67 2 Serious Commercial Shortages in Mixed Fertilizers Amount of Shortage Per Ton Number of Samples none none none 1 11 Of the 327 brands analyzed, 165, or 50 per cent, showed no deficiencies. Out of 1,003 plant food guarantees made, 79 per cent were fully maintained. The deficiency table shows the following statistics: Deficiencies not exceeding x/i of one per cent, 138. Deficiencies between J4 and Yi of one per cent, 48. Deficiencies between H and % of one per cent, 14. Deficiencies more than % OI one Per cent, 11. Of the total number of guarantees of each element made, 31 per cent of the nitrogen, 13 per cent of the available phosphoric acid, and 21 per cent of the potash were not met. Sixty-three of the 101 nitrogen deficiencies, 23 of the 41 available phosphoric acid deficiencies, and 49 of the 67 potash deficiencies did not exceed }4 of one per cent. Compared with the 1938 inspection, there were 66 more shortages in nitrogen, 29 less in available phosphoric acid, and 35 more in potash. In the case of those fertilizers which did not conform strictly to the guarantee, the discrepancies were of such a character as to make it evident that there was no intentional attempt at violation of the regulations. Fifteen firms have registered five or more brands of mixed fertilizers. On the basis of composition found by analysis as well as upon tonnage sold, the follow- ing table shows to what extent each manufacturer was successful in avoiding deficiencies in plant food guarantees in his mixtures. Nine of the fifteen firms provided an average overrun in the three major plant food elements guaranteed, considered desirable in safe fertilizer practice. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS Mixing Efficiency Table Manufacturer Acme Guano Co. . American Agricultural Chemical Co. Apothecaries Hall Co. Armour Fertilizer Works Berkshire Chemical Co. Consolidated Rendering Co. . Eastern States Farmers' Exchange International Agricultural Corp. . Miller Chemical & Fertilizer Corp. Old Deerfield Fertilizer Co., Inc. . Olds & Whipple, Inc. Rogers & Hubbard Co. . Standard Wholesale Phosphate & Works, Inc Swift & Company Fertilizer Works Woodruff Fertilizer Works, Inc. Acid Average Percentage of Plant Food Above or Below the Minimum Guarantee Nitrogen -.006 -.01 + .24 -.18 -.007 + .07 + .23 -.07 -.12 + .30 +.14 +.18 +.09 + .16 +.07 Available Phosphoric Acid +.23 +.26 +.47 +.41 +.35 + .25 + .02 + .41 +.20 + .82 + .65 +.55 + .19 +.31 +.12 Potash +.59 +.14 + .27 +.19 +.03 + .33 +.72 +.11 +.22 + .74 +.67 +.37 + .41 +.19 +.14 Summary of Data on Acid and Basic Fertilizers Fertilizer Tonnage Tested Extent of Acidity on Basicity of Fertilizer Sold, Expressed in Tons of Calcium Carbonate (CaCOs) 1936 1937 1938 1939 1936 1937 1938 1939 Acid Basic . 34,746 8,393 32,957 14,877 32,790 11,297 29,019 11,067 Acidity Basicity Net acidity* Average Acidity* 3,826 571 3,596 984 3,539 815 3,235 626 Total Percentage of Tonnage Acid 43,139 80.54 47,834 68.90 44,087 74.38 40,086 72.18 3,255 151 2,612 109 2,724 124 2,609 130 * The net acidity is the total amount of calcium carbonate, expressed in tons, which would be required to neutralize all the fertilizer tested. The average acidity is the average amount of calcium carbonate, expressed in pounds, which would have to be added to each ton of mixed fertilizer to make neutral all of the fertilizer tested. Average Analys is of Mixed Fertilizers* 1936 1937 1938 1939 Guaran- teed Found Guaran- teed Found Guaran- teed Found Guaran- teed Found Nitrogen . . . Available phosphoric acid Potash .... 4.96 8.26 6.82 5.18 8.63 7.17 5.05 8.13 6.91 5.29 8.59 7.20 5.14 8.33 7.10 5.31 8.56 7.50 5.21 8.43 7.28 5 30 8.78 7.60 * Does not include fertilizer mixed for special orders. During the past five years, the average guarantee of the mixed fertilizers has been higher each year than the preceding year, with the exception of the average guaranteed available phosphoric acid which was slightly lower in 1937. Since 1935 the increase in guaranteed percentage of plant food has been: nitrogen .39; available phosphoric acid .39; potash .69. 10 CONTROL SERIES No. 100 Explanation of Tables of Analyses. Guarantee. The plant food guarantee or the grade of each fertilizer is made a part of the trade name under the heading "Name of Manufacturer and Brand," and is expressed as nitrogen, available phosphoric acid, and water soluble potash and in that order. Commercial Shortages. In the table designated "Mixtures showing a com- mercial shortage of $1 or more per ton," the column headed "Approximate com- mercial valuation per ton" gives the sum of the valuation of each plant food element computed from the analysis by use of the trade values adopted by the Massachusetts Fertilizer Control for 1939, which appear on a preceding page of the bulletin. Under the heading "Approximate commercial shortage per ton" is shown the commercial valuation of the deficiencies or tests found below the guarantee after allowance is made for the value of overruns or tests above the guarantee. Deficiencies are emphasized by boldface type. Mixtures Substantially Complying with the Guarantee. In addition to the analysis of those fertilizers substantially complying with the guarantee, this table includes also those mixtures that are more or less out of balance; that is, having deficiencies in one or more plant food elements, but having overruns which largely offset the value of the deficiencies. "Number of samples" indicates the number of samples included in the com- posite which was analyzed. Inferior Nitrogen. The presence of inferior forms of organic nitrogen is indi- cated by footnotes. Potash Forms. Wherever tests for chlorine showed a sufficient amount present to unite with all of the potash found, the source of the potash is designated as muriate. Wherever insufficient chlorine was found to account for all of the potash it is evident that forms of potash other than muriate were used. In such cases, the figures under the sub-heading "As muriate" do not imply necessarily that muriate of potash was actually added to the mixture, but that chlorine was present, probably from impurities in the fertilizer chemicals, in amounts to account for the percentage of potash indicated. The balance of the potash found is listed under the sub-heading "In forms other than muriate" and may be derived from sulfate, nitrate, or carbonate, as the case may be. 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INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS 19 > J2J2J2 3 cs cS U ftp. ft as e 0 0 CO CO 00 O > CNrt — 1 CO CM i-t »l i-ti-i — 1 cq 20 CONTROL SERIES No. 100 ■a p H oo a o o a o o H d I 1 i 1 1 1. 1 1 l i 1 1 O 03 rt " p 3 a s a 0 -a c 3 m iO «! 1 OS o S O I 1 1 l l 1 m C Q gj* 00 0 c5S I 1 1 1 l 1 1 1 1 1 1 co l l 1 1 1 1 1 o M Mo a 0) » d t~ o CO coos r-<© O-tf r- r- o-* r~ COCO ■* Ol Eh ->1 00 COCN OCM coos co m 1 ■*CO •* COCN t^ ex 0 »>. to ** •*-* t~t^ OO •<*< to b»co CO OO OS 00 Ph o ,2°E 2 s o3.a Si 3 3 lO CO CN ooo —ICO t^CQ C7> CO OS (S.TJ< CO t^CN 00 ■* r- >o 3S . r- CO CM CO oco >o M< «£ 00 50 o> oow coco 00 00 O) m CO coco 00 woo 00 OS 'rt O o 10 OCT> coco co»o o co>o IN CO ■* o H 03 So o HO ©-- ©^ *-* CI CO oos t>. 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H O Ph ■ 13 - - O CO CO D CO (H l-l O CO «8 °1 CO ^ (H o b*b* . -fl o. a C fi cd • - • s s & is Co 3 Ml aS C3 w o o oo c3 c3 1-5 iJ H . o Wg CO H W OO . £ 1 1 coco 1 1 1 1 7 K5 00 1 5 J! 7 oo 1 i o i 1 CO 1 1 1 t-t- 1 1 ^ H3T3 a> -a t3 2 22 "° • S CO tfi co.cn 22 "co'co coca OO So >-.fi Co GO CO CS Q^ -aPn O 2.g td o co.fi qJ o -dPn o ua o *H .2 Co w CO P2 o t-t> 22 *Co"cO coca Jh t* CO CO CO CO QQ T3T3 oo i-< CN CN — I CN H CN rH CN CO •tf'-l 28 CONTROL SERIES No. 100 -o 0) 63 oj a c o3 0 K 0 | | | 1 . 1 1 | 1 1 1 1 1 1 O a] ra CO J= ■"* *j £ .2« "00 a o « s a 0 o3 E 6fa t^ IOCS CO 1^ CO t^ CO t^ to -hUS CO CO c >> CO CNt-- S3 CO 0 0 CO US 0) CO CO CO US CM US US CM 00 £ o 0 o Oj gQ a « a IN C3CD 0 CTj S3 CO CO CO O r^ O3 00 CO 00 « OCO us CO -r us l> CO OS CO US r- US H ."£ o _>> £ ,H CO-* ■"■ is *J — c 03 cj 03 GO 03 x c's a a ° 1 03 ■*-H CM ^H ^H O OS f rt rt 00 -* 0 co IN t^CM ioco f- i!5 CN CO CO 0 CO CO CM 0 C) t^ ■* O >-fTjl " t>. 3 GO >? GO CD s J3 • 00 03 n us 0 -0 CO 0 . . J3 coco CO us z T3 Pn | s ■< n 3 *cj 3 O ■6 oj • 03 3 ■a CJ o3 0 OJ OJ S3 a a S5 ■< P4 O 1 J3O 8^ 1h H •8 a OJ 0 "0 OJ 03 a "3 CO ja OJ OJ 0 0 OJ fcM Tlt « fc> 0 «! b & < s O W s 6 O u 0) N U> 0J >> OJ • >> 03 r p^ £ £ p^ps £ £ & Q -d 0 T3T3 03 a C3 "3 3 3 =8 «8 °8 =8«8 «8 •3 ■0 O 55 > > > >■ ■a Hi 0 O O 00 O 0 O 5 Sfc •j-SS (N CN CO co CO rt T| co H 3 3 3 O-S Eg J) o o £0 53 «8 =8 o o o o •8 '=8 «3 4=8«- o o _Li. § 9) J> O .2-2 =8 c £fe DO s « 0 0. 0 £»« H ££ £ =3°8 «8 OO o 30 CONTROL SERIES No. 100 ™ _ a Q S5 S^| CN oo rt CO CN co P o fa fa a) 3 «5§ CO CO 1 Oi "5 1 I 1 1 O "O w 0) cs m "oS lO O 00 ow ■*lO S 1 1 CO 1 m 1 1 O 1 C0-* -*iO O C •*^< PL, -, o JZ'C ilab pho und t- lO OS co C3 Tft o co ^ ■*-H 00 CO m t~ o o CN co CN 1-1 r^ oco mr- o3 03,* o CO d CN CO co CO lO lO ^ CO 00 00 ^-c C3S "3 co •o tH co t- o> 00 00 m-H CM— i o CD iO CO —i 1-1 t^ -T o ^-> i-HCN coco CO ~ CO m Tt< CO W CO lO •"*■* coco O m 0 z P 0 i-i MO 6* -f o CO -V >T~ CN lO m no COCO rHCN o t~ CO CO CO CO CN CN o o>o> >oco fa 55 H O o K l-1.^ o Zfa m ^M m ,_, co 00 ,_, 00 CO M-H CO i-H 05 r>- o CO a co OS ■^t^ -cMO 2 r"1 t> , c3 O cj m rH CD 00 tH 3! io m © ■*■* moo CO co 00 CN oo CO O >c ■* c-i i>m co-* a -*! 0 g < a m m 0 < CM 00 1 co Jo ■*•* « "* CO 1 J, CN ■* CD l l coco p I 00 1 CO o 1 rS i^^ .2 2 O t. 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O H o CN 1 >o 1 O CN 1 CO 1 co 1 CO J, 6 55 0, m fa O 03 00 00 Sf3 -1 - V 03 fafa B B '3 '3 d u CO 1 CO 1 0 X X CS c J2 O CO u 3 -3 CO u CO e 0 ■a 3 O o fa fa 'o 02 .a ft o ft o a o 03 I 03 0 H K 03 i «a s CO ■* CN CN CN CN CN CN CN-H ^H 1 S- CO tt INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS 31 lO 0 CO 00 ^H *CN •_: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ■* CN m ©t~ COCO c US COCO OSM coco co© CD CO 0 CI 00 t- CO •* 00 CN 00^ CNCD in 05 00 mo CO IM co 1 OO r^© 1-1 CO t-N ■-1 ■* "*Tf CO N 00 CO CN co on o> 00© © CO 00 0000 ©CN ■>JICN HO 3 co ■* ©t~ — I-* a 0 00 CO cot- co-* co © CO © 00 00 00 00 = © ■*co ©» ©f~ © N c 00 00 00 00 0000 0 © ■*-* CN"-i ON CN O in 0 co-* 00 OS-* .-im ■*CO CNCN t- CO 0 CO CN O00 © •* CN at*- ■* 1^ 00 -*-# ICIO i> CO coco K5-* 00 00 U5 IN CO ■*■* •* ■* Ttl* ■* 0 ■* «co t>-© co r- t-HOO int^ •H-4* Tf © ■** co CO © -r com ©-H 00 0 •*© 00 t~ ■* m CN-h CN-H CO *>» 00 oa ' CM— I t~N — © © — co coo m m CN -H -H CM CN i-l 1-1 -I CN CNCN CN CN CNCN CO fn O x x l~.N CD 01 00 00 33 hh N N MM O O fafe PhPm 0 0 MM XX PhPh -T3T3 TJT3 o3 o3 03 CO .O.fi .CD. .CD .CO 3 3 3 3 WW WW CO© H -H CO© OO « w mm mm C3 03 mm o o o o 0000 mm 0000 .3 § PQ i- - o o 1 2 2 44 -T3T3 Td-O 'OXJ B B MM 3 3 BB C3 c3 .CO MM 3 3 BB OS c3 o3 -CO .Q .CO X! 3 3 3 BB B e fflM B BB B T3 T3T3 "O IV x - - pq K OO © ob opop i-H M fflffl « B BB B T3 T3T3 *C ,_, _, c^rt ©CN »-i CN COCN CO-H ■*■-< ^t i-< IN ©"# -h m^ -h 32 CONTROL SERIES No. 100 m A Q # 03 a> OS 00 o 0 fa fafe 3 i i i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ~' 1 co O <=*o n o 09 oo a HOlOl os t>. mOS W OtO O 00 •* m < COt^lO CO co 00m 00 Hffl ~ OS •^ •* O t^t^t^ — o «;co CO 1>CN ~ CN •*' fa 0>-r 2 o :3 O ^ 3 ■*OCT> OS o COM o co to CO CO ■* CN '5 3 MCOO0 o CN COOD 30 (No i« lO t^f- r~ 00 00 00 O ■<* •* a o O O 05 05 Q Big 6fa CNCOCO m CN mo OS OSCN l>. «5 CN CP CD C 55 o 002 t- CN CN to 00 to OS > oj 00 a mas-* •* rt OSM «5 OS o CO r- ■* E. S o O CO CO CO co CN CO CO OS CO DO "5 COCO COlO CO M to CO O CO (N CO >> CJ ■M C « ■M U os c XI 3 C/3 a z 00 GO V In m o is 3 is 2 «■> •«! * m 8 p Eh "8 < 00 i CD « 0, 73 3 * 00 i-i i-i 00 CN CO t>00 (32CN 00 00 so so r-i co oo in n © CD CO K) so m CO Mr^,HCOC»i1©CO 0000 so ^•* cm co i-l CM Ifj H •* (MCO ■-I i-i eg 33 os oo m o> CN CN CO ■* r- co co a> CO CO -t" CM COCO CM CM CO >0 CM CM i J. Tl J: T3 1 1 Tl CO C 0 7: ft ft as WW « ft s o *j cfl 03 Bj -o •0 -n •a c 0 w o o 4 13 d 03 d gj 3d DQ QQ 01 QU CfiW * 73 73 d d co_c4 oa to co ,g CM © J= S M fc, o o S O O OQ CQ n OD Cfi CG CQ 02 > &. rH r o it J> 05 CQ t; Q a 55 CM CN CM i-l co— i ii ii 34 CONTROL SERIES No. 100 O ■oc s ft £ 0 U S3 ft o a ca «<; o dag »-< M o 6fe js a dfc< a Ob- > £1 0 d d 3 c IN CM IN i-i INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS 35 O^J1 CN OS 05 K5 00 mo 0 CO o 00 3S m o 00 T-I-* .-I Tjl CO -< CO o ■* lO CI CO N«H o -ho co CO !M o ■H COCN CN CI rt CN CN CNCN CN ■* >, -. TT 1 00 00 44 jjj CO 2 0 u a ob ■n t4 CO CO U CO CO - CO in 1 0 "o N fefe CO " I 39 M e c U* Jj 1 |t - CO a co T3-0 3 CO ~ 4 CO O ■_-3 tn es 03 > b oo h 0 -M 4J a J, U ^m Ml 03 03 c 1 a S£ 31 U !H ir- iCiC « r - 3 3 O H Eh H £ £ ££ £ £ £ £ ,_, ,-*,-( i-l CN CN CM 36 CONTROL SERIES No. 100 CHEMICALS AND RAW PRODUCTS Summary of Results of the Inspection of Fertilizer Simples and Raw Products Material o? s ° Ph m oj.H Lh r. t* fa « £Ph all o [the dried pul- verized natural manures taken collectively would be as follows: nitrogen 73 cents, pnospnonc acid 12 cents, potash 16 cents. 38 CONTROL SERIES No. 100 Calcium Nitrate, Cal-Nltro, Calcium Cyanamid, and Synthetic Urea Nitrogen Number of Manufacturer and Brand Moisture Samples Found Guaran- teed American Cyanamid Co. Pulverized Aero Cyanamid 2 21.98 22.00 .24 Granular Aero Cyanamid 1 21.29 21.00 .14 Granular Aero Cyanamid 2 21.04 21.00 .48 Granular Aero Cyanamid 1 20.84 21.00 .58 Granular Aero Cyanamid 1 21.20 21.00 .19 Granular Aero Cyanamid 1 20.76 21.00 .60 Granular Aero Cyanamid 1 20.87 21.00 .48 Granular Aero Cyanamid 1 21.40 21.00 .05 Granular Aero Cyanamid 1 20.72 21.00 .84 Granular Aero Cyanamid 1 20.82 21.00 .63 Armour Fertilizer Works Cal-Nitro . 2 20.11 20.50 2.60 Berkshire Chemical Co. Cal-Nitro . 1 20.37 20.50 1.95 E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Inc. Uramon .... 4 42.12 42.00 .27 Uramon .... 2 42.10 42.00 .13 Eastern States Farmers' Exchange Eastern States Calnitro 4 20.47 20.50 2.21 Eastern States Agricultural Urea . 8 42.01 42.00 .44 Foodndrink Fertilizer Co. Foodndrink (a) 1 14.63 13.00 .25 Old Deerfield Fertilizer Co., Inc. Cal-Nitro . 1 20.41 20.50 2.29 Cal-Nitro . 2 20.37 20.50 1.98 Synthetic Nitrogen Products Corp. Urea . 1 45.73 46.00 .11 Calcium Nitrate .... 2 15.58 15.00 7.24 o Most of the nitrogen was present as nitrate. Cottonseed Meal Nitrogen Manufacturer and Brand Nitrogen Manufacturer and Brand Found Guaran- teed Found Guaran- teed Ashcraf t-Wilkinson Co. L. B. Lovitt & Co.— Con. Cow-Eta Brand 6.51 6.56 Lovit Brand 6.62 6.56 Cow-Eta Brand 6.53 6.56 Lovit Brand 6.53 6.56 Cow-Eta Brand 6.49 6.56 Lovit Brand 6.58 6.56 Cow-Eta Brand 6.41 6.56 Lovit Brand 6.40 6.56 Cow-Eta Brand 6.72. 6.56 Lovit Brand 6.55 6.56 Cow-Eta Brand 6.55 6.56 Lovit Brand 6.76 6.56 Lovit Brand 6.71 6.56 Humphreys-Godwin Co Dixie Brand 6.53 6.56 Mississippi Valley Grain Dixie Brand 6.64 6.56 & Feed Co. Dixie Brand 6.62 6.56 (Registered bv Inter- Dixie Brand 6.45 6.56 national Agricultural Dixie Brand 6.48 6.56 Corp.) Dixie Brand 6.41 6.56 Kent Brand 6.56 6.56 Dixie Brand 6.44 6.56 Kent Brand 6.64 6.56 Dixie Brand 6.57 6.56 Kent Brand 6.71 6.56 Dixie Brand 6.66 6.56 Kent Brand 6.76 6.56 Dixie Brand 6.59 6.56 Kent Brand 6.56 6.56 Dixie Brand 6.61 6.56 Kent Brand 6.73 6.56 Dixie Brand 6.40 6.56 Dixie Brand 6.46 6.56 Perkins Oil Co. Dixie Brand 6.49 .6.56 Golden Rod Brand 6.58 6.56 Dixie Brand 6.57 6.56 Golden Rod Brand 6.50 6.56 Dixie Brand 6.69 6.56 Golden Rod Brand 6.44 6.56 Dixie Brand 6.73 6.56 Dixie Brand 6.74 6.56 Dixie Brand 6.61 6.56 Brand Showing Commi srdal Sh< >rtage of More than $1 per Ton L. B. Lovitt&Co. 6.55 6.56 Lovit Brand Lovit Brand 6.64 6.56 American Agricultural Lovit Brand 6.73 6.56 Chemical Co. Lovit Brand 6.57 6.56 Cottonseed Meal 6.30a 6.56 a Commercial shortage per ton $1.09. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS Soy Bean Meal 39 Nitrogen Manufacturer and Brand Nitrogen Manufacturer and Brand Found Guaran- teed Found Guaran- teed Central Soya Co., Inc. Central Star Brand 44% Central Star Brand 44% Central Star Brand 44%, Central Star Brand 44% Central Star Brand 44%, Central Star Brand 44% Central Star Brand 44% Central Star Brand 44% Central Star Brand 44%, Central Star Brand 44% Central Star Brand 44%, Central Star Brand 44% 7.23 7.42 7.44 7.41 7.33 7.39 7.34 7.28 7.38 7.30 7.32 7.43 7.04 7.04 7.04 7.04 7.04 7.04 7.04 7.04 7.04 7.04 7.04 7.04 Glidden Co., Chicago, 111. (Registered by Apothecaries Hall Co.) Soy Bean Meal A. E. Staley Manufac- turing Co. (Registered by Old Deer- field Fertilizer Co., Inc.) Soy Bean Meal 41% Sov Bean Meal 41% Soy Bean Meal 41% Soy Bean Meal 41% Toasted Soy Bean Meal 44% .... Toasted Soy Bean Meal 44%, .... Toasted Soy Bean Meal 44% .... 7.66 6.86 6.88 6.75 6.74 7.37 7.10 7.13 7.04 6.56 6.56 6.56 6.56 7.04 7.04 7.04 Castor Pomace and Linseed Meal Manufacturer American Agricultural Chemical Co. Apothecaries Hall Co. Armour Fertilizer Works . Bisbee Linseed Co. .Amsterdam, N.Y. Bisbee Linseed Co., Philadelphia, Penn. Consolidated Rendering Co. Eastern States Farmers' Exchange Spencer Kellogg & Sons, Inc. . Old Deerfield Fertilizer Co., Inc. Brand Castor Pomace Castor Pomace Castor Pomace ^Castor Pomace K & M Old Process Linseed Meal Bisbee Brand Old Process Linseed Meal Castor Pomace Castor Pomace Castor Pomace Old Deerfield Castor Pomace Nitrogen Found 5.51 5.71 5.44 5.55 5.15 5.13 5.51 6.32 6.27 5.75 Guaran- teed 4.50 4.50 4.50 4.50 5.12 5.00 4.50 5.00 4.52 4.50 Mois- ture 12.22 11.42 11.53 11.76 9.82 10.94 11.70 9.12 9.65 10.06 Dried Blood, Milorganite and Horn and Hoof Meal Phosphoric Number Nitrogen Acid Manufacturer and Brand of Mois- Samples ture Found Guaran- teed Found Guaran- teed Apothecaries Hall Co. Horn and Hoof Meal 1 14.44 14.80 .38 10.27 Consolidated Rendering Co. 10.44 4 13.10 12.00 .68 - John Reardon & Sons Division of Wilson & Co., Inc. Rearco Dried Blood . . 2 12.35 12.00 1.65 - 13.33 Rogers & Hubbard Co. 1 13.57 12.00 .65 _ 8.28 Hoof and Horn Meal 1 14.26 14.00 .55 — 9.61 Sewerage Commission of City of 7 5.92 6.00 3.42 2.75 5.90 40 CONTROL SERIES No. 100 Phosphoric Acid Compounds Superphosphate, Precipitated Bone, and Basic Slag Phosphate Available Phosphoric Acid Number Total Manufacturer and Brand of Phosphoric Mois- Samples Acid Found Guaran- teed ture American Agricultural Chemical Co. AA Superphosphate 16% .... 8 17.09 16.58 16.00 8.18 AA Superphosphate 16% .... 7 16.96 16.57 16.00 8.26 AA Superphosphate 20% .... 11 21.00 20.44 20.00 5.50 AA Superphosphate 40% .... 1 39.94 39.44 40.00 3.46 Co-Op Superphosphate 16% 4 16.66 16.19 16.00 7.52 Apothecaries Hall Co. 5 16.81 16.19 16.00 8.18 Granular Superphosphate 20% . 3 21.34 20.60 20.00 1.86 Armour Fertilizer Works Armours Big Crop Superphosphate 16% . 5 17.26 16.70 16.00 5.82 Armours Big Crop Superphosphate 20% . 8 20.15 19.65 20.00 5.55 Berkshire Chemical Co. 1 39.30 38.12 38.00 14.51 Consolidated Rendering Co. Corenco Superphosphate 16% 1 18.09 17.54 16.00 5.64 Corenco Superphosphate 16% 7 16.92 16.51 16.00 6.57 Corenco Superphosphate 16% 5 16.38 16.07 16.00 6.04 Corenco Superphosphate 20% 6 20.40 20.21 20.00 7.09 Davison Chemical Corporation Davco Granular 20% Superphosphate 7 21.96 21.70 20.00 1.96 Eastern States Farmers' Exchange . Eastern States 20% Superphosphate Pulver- 10 21.45 20.82 20.00 4.88 Eastern States 40% Double Granular Super- 1 44.10 42.24 40.00 1.91 Eastern States 40% Double Granular Super- 1 42.89 41.27 40.00 2.22 Eastern States Precipitated Bone 2 40.28 39.33 38.00 13.85 International Agricultural Corporation International 16% Superphosphate 5 16.93 16.17 16.00 6.73 International 16% Superphosphate . 10 16.96 16.31 16.00 7.05 International 20% Superphosphate . 7 20.84 20.40 20.00 5.49 International Granular 20% Superphosphate 2 21.40 20.95 20.00 2.25 1 17.31 15.32 14.40 4.93 Miller Chemical & Fertilizer Corporation Rich Yield 20% Superphosphate 1 20.83 20.64 20.00 5.67 Old Deerfield Fertilizer Co., Inc. Old Deerfield 16% Superphosphate . 3 17.67 17.36 16.00 4.74 Old Deerfield 20% Superphosphate . 1 19.93 19.87 20.00 7.20 Old Deerfield Precipitated Bone 2 39.02 37.70 38.00 15. 18 Olds & Whipple, Inc. O & W Superphosphate 16% 2 16.44 16.13 16.00 7.69 O & W Superphosphate 20% 1 22.02 21.24 20.00 1.50 Rogers & Hubbard Co. Hubbard's 16% Superphosphate . 5 18.08 17.91 16.00 5.52 Hubbard's 20% Superphosphate . 3 21.05 20.87 20.00 5.74 Ruhm Phosphate & Chemical Co. Ruhm's Phosphate Rock (Washed and Ground) .... 1 34.23o - - .83 Soil Builders, Inc. Colloidal Phosphate with Mineral Colloids 1 23.12b - - 4.81 Standard Wholesale Phosphate & Acid Works, Inc. Standard 16% Superphosphate . 2 17.37 16.56 16.00 6.98 Standard 20% Superphosphate . 1 21.93 21.41 20.00 1.70 Standard Ungranulated 45% Super- 1 44.40 44. 22 45.00 5.54 C. P. Washburn Co. 1 17.36 16.60 16.00 7.20 Brand Showing Commercial Shortage of More than $1 per Ton Acme Guano Co. Acme 20% Superphosphate Ic 18.60 18.10 20.00 10.29 a Guaranteed to contain 34.3% total phosphoric acid; no available phosphoric acid guaranteed. b Guaranteed to contain 22% total phosphoric acid; no available phosphoric acid guaranteed, c Commercial shortage per ton $1.62. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS 41 Triple Superphosphate, 45% Available Phosphoric Acid Distributed in Massachusetts by the Agricultural Adjustment Administration (Each analysis represents a carload) Manufacturer and Brand Total Phosphoric Acid Available Phosphoric Acid Found Guaran- teed Mois- ture . S. Phosphoric Products Corp., Tampa, Fla. Triple Superphosphate 47% Triple Superphosphate 47% Triple Superphosphate 47% Triple Superphosphate 47% Triple Superphosphate 47% Triple Superphosphate 47% Triple Superphosphate 47% Triple Superphosphate 47% Triple Superphosphate 47% Triple Superphosphate 47% Triple Superphosphate 47% Triple Superphosphate 47% Triple Superphosphate 47% Triple Superphosphate 47% Triple Superphosphate 47% Triple Superphosphate 47% Triple Superphosphate 47% Triple Superphosphate 47% Triple Superphosphate 47% Triple Superphosphate 47% Triple Superphosphate 47% Triple Superphosphate 47% Triple Superphosphate 47% Triple Superphosphate 47% Triple Superphosphate 47% Triple Superphosphate 47% Triple Superphosphate 47% Triple Superphosphate 47% Standard Wholesale Phosphate& Acid Works, Inc., Baltimore, Md. Triple Superphosphate 45% Triple Superphosphate 45% Triple Superphosphate 45% Triple Superphosphate 45% Triple Superphosphate 45% Triple Superphosphate 45% Triple Superphosphate 45% Triple Superphosphate 45% Triple Superphosphate 45% Triple Superphosphate 45% 49.25 49.40 48.70 48.45 47.86 47.53 49.37 47.38 48.38 48.83 48.77 48.98 49.12 48.43 49.69 49.44 47.66 48.16 49.18 49.57 48.23 47.89 48.21 47.14 46.98 48.44 47.78 47.76 45.61 44.92 44.91 45.06 44.89 44.91 44 . 58 44.35 43.97 45.72 48.94 49.09 48.35 48.19 47.58 47.36 49.23 47.19 48.25 48.59 48.51 48.72 48.80 48.17 49.42 49.17 47.46 47.97 48.91 49.33 48.17 47.63 47.99 46.88 46.75 48.18 47.47 47.45 45.37 44.63 44.63 44.90 44.64 44.69 44.48 44.20 43.87 45.61 47.00 47.00 47.00 47.00 47.00 47.00 47.00 47.00 47.00 47.00 47.00 47.00 47.00 47.00 47.00 47.00 47.00 47.00 47.00 47.00 47.00 47.00 47.00 47.00 47.00 47.00 47.00 47.00 45.00 45.00 45.00 45.00 45.00 45.00 45.00 45.00 45.00 45.00 3.33 3.33 4.04 3.09 3.75 3.73 3.53 3.48 3.25 3.20 3.42 3.41 3.28 3.82 2.68 2.55 3.08 4.14 3.55 3.55 3.28 3.10 3.66 3.83 4.68 2.99 2.42 3.64 4.23 4.40 4.38 4.58 4.40 4.97 5.04 6.05 6.05 6.50 Carload Showing Commercial Shortage of More than $1 per Ton Standard Wholesale Phosphate & Acid Works, Inc. Triple Superphosphate 45% 43.11a 4.97 a Commercial shortage per ton SI. 36. 42 CONTROL SERIES No. 100 Potash Compounds Muriate and High Grade Sulfate of Potash and Sulfate of Potash-Magnesia Muriate of Potash High Grade Sulfate of Potash Manufacturer Num- ber of Sam- ples Potash Num- ber of Sam- ples Potash Chlo- Found Guaran- teed Found Guaran- teed rine American Agricultural Chem- 1! 11 H 59.68 59.12 59.01 59.52 60.00 60.00 60.00 60.00 1 49.38 48.00 1.93 American Potash & Chemical 1 61.30 60.00 _ - -. - Armour Fertilizer Works Consolidated Rendering Co. 3 59.99 50.14 60.49 60.00 50.00 60.00 2 48.83 48.00 2.00 17 61.00 60.00 - - - - Eastern States Farmers' Ex- 7 59.92 60.00 1 50.61 48.00 1.53 International Agricultural N. V. Potash Export My., Inc. 10 n 60.10 50.01 60.13 60.00 50.00 60.00 2 2a 49.68 28.36 48.00 25.00 2.11 1.59 Old Deerfield Fertilizer Co., i 60.57 60.00 _ _ - - Potash Company of America i 60.80 60.00 Brand Showing Commercial Shortage of More than $1 per Ton American Agricultural Chem- ical Co 58.28 56.59 57.40 60.00 60.00 60.00 a Sulfate of Potash-Magnesia. Magnesium oxide 12.02%, b Commercial deficiency $1.31. Insoluble matter 1.98%. c Commercial deficiency $2.59. Insoluble matter 3.08%. d Commercial deficiency $1.98. Insoluble matter 2.54%. Products Supplying Nitrogen and Phosphoric Acid Dry Ground Fish Number of Samples Nitrogen Phosphoric Acid Manufacturer Found Guaran- teed Found Guaran- teed Chlorine American Agricultural Chemical Co. Armour Fertilizer Works Berkshire Chemical Co. . Consolidated Rendering Co. . Old Deerfield Fertilizer Co., Inc. . Olds & Whipple, Inc. Rogers & Hubbard Co. . Standard Wholesale Phosphate & Acid Works, Inc 1 2 3 1 4 3 1 2 9.22 9.71 9.51 9.21 9.66 9.49 9.54 8.51 9.46 9.46 9.46 9.00 9.46 9.46 9.46 8.00 7.14 6.55 6.70 6.65 7.33 7.29 7.20 9.19 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 1.00 .11 .09 .23 .44 .25 .17 .19 .17 Ammo-Phos Number of Samples Phosphoric Acid Manufacturer Nitrogen Total Available Found Guaran- teed Found Guaran- teed American Cyanamid Co. 4 10.92 11.00 49.65 47.77 48.00 INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS Animal Tankage 43 Nitrogen Total Phos- phoric Acid Degree of Fineness Manufactures Number of Samples Found Guaran- teed Found Guaran- teed Finer than 1/50 Inch Coarser than 1/50 Inch American Agricultural Chemi- cal Co. .... Apothecaries Hall Co. . Consolidated Chemical Indus- Consolidated Rendering Co. A. W. Hunt .... N. Roy & Son .... Woodard Bros. 1 7 1 1 1 8 7 l5 l 1 8.20 8.00 8.97 8.73 7.87 8.22 8.13 7.21 5.10 7.63 3.88 8.22 7.40 9.80 7.50 8.22 8.22 8.22 7.40 5.00 7.00 4.50 11.33 11.87 9.60 1.38 12.33 11.14 11.92 12.70 14.31 11.78 23.74 4.58 9.15 3.00 none 4.58 4.58 4.58 9.15 14.00 8.00 18.00 49.63 57.39 32.30 55.94 48.45 48.90 45.45 45.07 51.97 48.31 36.88 50.37 42.61 67.70 44.06 51.55 51.10 54.55 54.93 48.03 51.69 63.12 Brand Showing Commercial Shortage of More than $1 per Ton a Commercial shortage per ton $1.31. Ground Jone Total Phos- Degree of Number Nitrogen phoric Acid I' IN EN ESS Manufacturer of Finer Coarser Samples Guaran- than than Found teed Found teed 1/50 Inch 1/50 Inch Acme Guano Co. 1 3.01 2.47 24.16 23.00 54.04 45.96 American Agricultural Chem- n i 3 1 1 o 58 2 47 25.88 23.00 73.78 26.22 ical Co. .... 3.07 2.47 25.84 23.00 73.59 26.41 Apothecaries Hall Co. . 2.56 3.83 2.47 3.70 26.56 20.97 22.00 21.00 77.48 52.25 22.52 47.75 Armour Fertilizer Works Berkshire Chemical Co. Joseph Breck & Sons 2.89 2.89 2.85 2.47 2.05 2.47 22.65 23.99 23.03 23.00 25.00 22.88 68.06 65.18 77.78 31.94 34.82 22.22 Consolidated Chemical In- dustries, Inc. Consolidated Rendering Co. 4 11 2.06 2.62 3.82 2.00 2.47 4.00 25.72 25.91 22.59 18.00 23.00 20.00 76.20 74.91 41.77 23.80 25.09 58.23 Eastern States Farmers' Ex- Goulard & Olena, Inc. . A. H. Hoffman, Inc. 6 4 3 2.86 3.80 3.79 2.50 2.40 3.70 23.21 23.98 23.41 23.00 22.75 20.00 63.96 39.95 58.67 36.04 60.05 41.33 International Agricultural 5 2.79 2.47 25.87 23.00 71.00 29.00 Miller Chemical & Fertilizer 1 2.77 2.47 26.93 22.00 67.65 32.35 Old Deerfield Fertilizer Co., 2 2.56 2.47 25.48 22.00 79.06 20.94 John Reardon & Sons Division of Wilson & Co., Inc. . Rogers & Hubbard Co. . 8 J2 2.64 2.33 3.94 2.47 2.47 3.70 26.51 29.19 24.98 22.88 23.00 24.70 71.75 74.29 95.09 28.25 25.71 4.91 4.01 3.70 22.55 20.00 58.06 41.94 1 1 3.57 3.70 25.12 21.50 72.05 27.95 F. Rynveld & Sons, Inc. . Jl 12 2.16 2.40 2.47 2.47 30.01 28.80 22.00 22.00 83.20 72.49 16.80 27.51 Standard WholesalePhosphate & Acid Works, Inc. . 1 2.62 2.47 24.90 23.00 67.90 32.10 Swift & Company Fertilizer C. P. Washburn Co. 7 1 2.62 2.30 2.47 2.47 26.29 27.42 23.00 23.00 66.11 | 72.67 33.89 1 27.33 44 CONTROL SERIES No. 100 as ~r _, c to •* to rtl tH on com 0 r- CO-* "HH CO 2 cb IM CM c CO IM CO CM 00 tc t- iO^-i 10 O •*— 1 •* O 3 CO on tc H C) „ U3 00 toco ,_, ■* woo t^ CM CM CM CM CM 2 in oo O r~ t^ ,_, CO CM O o m lOO on O CM— 1 th O H-S OJ CO t- —1 CO T-1 <-< -r to o iO^*< "5 t~ t^CM O 00 ■* lO TH 1-H l> on to C»(^ co O t~a> t^ 05 O^ CM ■* CO in "5 CO CO r» ■* Tj< t^U5 CO ■* 100 CO co a 0 o o o O C — o o to o oo 0 —■ 00 CO 0 •c c. o CO CM CO CO ^on 10 CM f^ao CM m H fe CO CM CO T"1 CM co CM •* CM-H CO ■* CM-< ■* CO Q c o ~ o o o> o OO 0 O 00 0 0 «*j 03 V o W c_ o c IC c o ^ >a OO 0 _ 00 CO 0 0° c ^ ^ a. 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'S c3 0 ~ 3 ^O 03 p OJ 3 03 ft 0J Ph "3 " 3 03 m ' 03 • OJ ft c3 •8 tH ■ 3 a 0J • OJ -3 02 T3 3 03 ffl "85 O 03 U 03 |Z5 OJ Eh 3 3 oj 03 O O =8 ft OJ 0J J3 02 13 OJ H 'u 0J *9 Ph 0J — 3 OJ .3 ft a OJ -3 OJ 3 PP O O > 03 Q 3 O O •8 O seas 0 0 OJ H-3 3 OJ^-l Ojg -3 02 ■3 Ph d a ft 0 O o h O ►5 K P H O -5 fin S .3 a "3 6 Eh o o 3 6 O M q. 6 CJ O "c3 Eh OJ O M OJ d 0 M U IS >"H i ^j o CJ fe OJ *3 P "3 33 OS eh 01 is o OJ 3 3 0J « •8 OJ J3 M 03 o O 3 OJ . ft U 03 3 sr. =8 O 5 m -3 O O O OJ bD . Ov > 03 CD fa c o =8 -a o 3 0! s 13 O w 3 O 03 3 OJ 3 03 1 OJ 0 O 3 03 3 O "3 c3 l-H "oj Cfl u 0J Q < < ■< «U « M U u o O ->! >-. 2 'A 0 INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS 45 "5 SO Nt« to t-h CO IN to CO 01 00 t~ ceo oo o i-ifrj -l "5 OCO t~il "> ■-! Ol CO 0 00 (0 « H CO o oo (OWN co>o oo o o>to oo o Tj o> o> rH 11 ra h s i "a il 3 0 Ph • (1) 02 0) £ CD O CD - CD Is ■a 0> Ph 0) "3 'Ph £Ph "5 0 • 3 -0"0 WP5 5 M t-> -CT3 = 3fci 03 cj V O 02 "3 _ O c3 £ Ph K Z Ph P '.Ed PS 3 ^ go is n — ^ PH"3 Ph Ph fe J3 0 g a D ££ &H T3 to O O ^■■M — =8 T3 O w §£ a 0 '5 02 OU OU P s sa o o 46 CONTROL SERIES No. 100 0) — - oco co CO o cot>. -Ht^OOCO J3£ coo t~ lO o U3N •^CNl^CO O 03 ■-ieo •* lO HO) cot^t^t^ IN (NCNCNCN o 3 ■*co co «* ■* ooo co -h co '-i CNO 03 co ■* TJow CO co 00 -V 00 Ti o ■* o ^H00 tDNtDin 030 u i>od d d 05 lOIN ffl'oJodoo' coco T3 9) 09 * Q oo go oo < s l 1 1 1 1 1 1 l l ■a 00 CO o^ lOCOcNIN H 3 cno o ooo t^"*OIN o 3 Ph O aid rt< o coco" ia&d r coco CO co CO co co co co a z co tn m co < 0> CO CD 0) « 3 O 3 4> O •*£ n ° 2=1 -o-o o o o o o o is-" °5 ^ o 2S 8° >> 03 03 0-3-3 l-S 03 jj h < 03 a 0 c? INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS Sterilized Ground Tobacco Stem Meal ♦Louisville, Ky. (Registered and sold by Apothecaries Hall Co.) 47 Nitrogen Potassium Oxide Phosphoric Acid Organic Matter Manufacturer Found Guaran- teed Found Guaran- teed Moisture Tobacco By-Products & Chemical Corp.* 1.67 1.16 4.40 4.00 .87 52.73 6.45 Magnesium Sulfate Magnesium Oxide Calcium Oxide Moisture Insoluble Manufacturer and Brand Found Guaran- teed Matter F. W. Berk& Co., Inc.* Old Deerfield Fertilizer Co., Inc. Magnesium Sulfate (Emjeo) 25.94 29.90a 30.00 30.00 2.99 2.93 3.17 .44 2.83 2.51 * Chrysler Bldg., 405 Lexington Ave., New York, N. Y. (Registered and sold by Berkshire Chemical Co.) Commercial Shortage $5.16 per ton. a Composite of two samples representing 4.2 tons. Manganese Sulfate Manganese Manganese Sulfate Manufacturer and Brand Found Guaran- teed Found Guaran- teed Moisture Eastern States Farmers' Exchange Manganese Sulfate Tennessee Corporation Teecee Manganese Sulfate 27.70 21.78 25.47 21.83 76.14 59.87 70.00 60.00 .21 1.59 Commercial Peat Products Nitrogen Number Organic Matter Mineral Manufacturer and Brand of Samples Water Matter Guaran- Found teed Brague, Inc. Hinsdale Leafmold 2 62.90 35.23 1.87 .96 .o0 Florida Humus Co. 2 30.34 63.59 6.07 2.41 2.18 Highland Humus Corporation .30 Highland Humus 1 76.16 13.10 10.74 .35 Highland Humus 1 74.90 14.13 10.97 .34 .30 48 CONTROL SERIES No. 100 Menderth Produced and sold by Menderth, Inc., 92 State St., Room 63, Boston, Mass. Plant Food Elements Found Soluble in Strong Hydrochloric Acid Guaranteed by Fusion Method Found by Fusion Method Potassium oxide .... Phosphoric acid .... Calcium oxide .... Magnesium oxide .... 1.39 .38 2.12 2.72 3.00 .13 3.00 2.00 3.86 .42 3.07 2.72 Note: Commercial valuation per ton not over $1.84. Organo No. 1 (1.75-1-.5) Manufactured by Fertilizer Sales Corporation Plant Food Elements Nitrogen: Total Ammoniacal . Nitrate . Organic . Phosphoric acid: Total Available Potash : Total Water Soluble Calcium oxide . Magnesium oxide Moisture Organic Matter Sample 1 Sample 2 2.04 2.05 none none .10 trace 1.94a 2.05a 2.20 2.05 1.88 1.42 1.25 .91 _ .84 - 5.75 - 1.01 9.60 10.88 - 61.81 a Activity between 65 and 70 by neutral permanganate method, the passing mark being 80. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS 49 Definitions and Interpretations Relating to Fertilizers The following definitions and interpretations have been adopted as official by vote of the Association of Official Agricultural Chemists of North America at annual meetings held in 1936, 1937 and 1938. An acid -forming fertilizer is one that is capable of increasing the residual acidity of soil. A non-acid-forming fertilizer is one that is not capable of increasing the residual acidity of the soil. Primary fertilizer components are those at present generally recognized by law as necessary to be guaranteed in fertilizers, namely: nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potash. Secondary fertilizer components are those other than the "primary fertilizer components" that are essential to the proper growth of plants and that may be needed by some soils. Some of these components are calcium, mag- nesium, sulfur, manganese, copper, zinc, and boron. Bat manure is the dry excrement of bats. Bat guano is partially decomposed bat manure. The word analysis, as applied to fertilizer, shall designate the percentage com- position of the product expressed in those terms that the law requires and permits. Calcium, nitrate (nitrate of lime) is a commercial product consisting chiefly of calcium nitrate, and it shall contain not less than fifteen per cent (15%) of nitrogen. Ammoniated superphosphate is the product obtained when superphos- phate is treated with ammonia or with a solution containing free ammonia and other forms of nitrogen dissolved therein. Superphosphate is a commercial phosphate, the phosphoric acid (P205) content of which is due chiefly to mono-calcium phosphate. (The grade that shows the available phosphoric acid should always be used as a prefix to the name. Example: 16 per cent superphosphate.) DIRECTORY OF MANUFACTURERS WHO REGISTERED FERTILIZERS FOR SALE IN MASSACHUSETTS IN 1939 Acme Guano Co., 416 Munsey Bldg., Baltimore, Md. Agricultural Laboratories, Inc., Columbus, Ohio American Agricultural Chemical Co., 285 River St., North Weymouth, Mass. American Cyanamid Co., 30 Rockefeller Plaza, New "i ork, N. Y. American Potash & Chemical Corporation, Trona, Cal. Apothecaries Hall Co., Waterbury, Conn. Armour Fertilizer Works, 80 Eighth Ave., New York, N. Y. Ashcraft-W'ilkinson Co., Atlanta, Ga. Atkins & Durbrow, Inc., 165 John St., New York, N. Y. Ernest J. Bantle, Glastonbury, Conn. Barber & Bennett, Inc., Albany, N. Y. Barrett Co., 40 Rector St., New York, N. Y. F. A. Bartlett Tree Expert Co., 60 Canal St., Stamford, Conn. Belmont Gardens, 170 Brighton St., Belmont, Mass. Berkshire Chemical Co., 92 Howard Ave., Bridgeport, Conn. Bisbee Linseed Co., Inc., Amsterdam, N. Y. _ Bisbee Linseed Co., 2100 Lincoln Liberty Bldg., Philadelphia, Penn. L. H. Brague, Hinsdale, Mass. Joseph Breck & Sons, 85 State St., Boston, Mass. Buell Fertilizer Co., Exeter, N. H. C & R Sales Co., Worcester, Mass. Central Soya Co., Inc., Fort WTayne, Ind. Chilean Nitrate Sales Corporation, 120 Broadway, New \ ork, N. \ . Clay & Son, Ltd., Stratford, London, England Collins Seed Service Co., 131 Beverly St., Boston, Mass. Consolidated Chemical Industries, Inc., WToburn, Mass 50 CONTROL SERIES No. 100 Consolidated Rendering Co., 178 Atlantic Ave., Boston, Mass. Davey Tree Expert Co., Kent, Ohio Davison Chemical Corporation, Baltimore, Md. Dehydrating Process Co., 60 Mt. Washington Ave., Boston, Mass. E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Inc., Wilmington, Del. Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Springfield, Mass. Ellis Laboratories, Inc., 98 Greenwood Ave., Montclair, N. J. Thomas W. Emerson Co., 215 State St., Boston, Mass. Excell Laboratories, 2625 Indiana Ave., Chicago, 111. Fertilizer Sales Corporation, 617 Concord Ave., Cambridge, Mass. Florida Humus Co., Zellwood, Florida Foodndrink Fertilizer Co., 253 Portland St., Cambridge, Mass. Ford Motor Co., 3674 Schaefer Road, Dearborn, Mich. H. L. Frost & Higgins Co., 20 Mill St., Arlington, Mass. Garden Hose Spray Co., Inc., 292 Main St., Cambridge, Mass. Glidden Co., Soya Products Division, Chicago, 111. Goulard & Olena, Inc., 140 Liberty St., New York, N. Y. Thomas J. Grey Co., 16 South Market St., Boston, Mass. Hartnev-Amalia, Inc., 581 Boylston St., Boston, Mass. Allen Hersom Co., 74 Howard Ave., New Bedford, Mass. Gerald S. Higgins, Park Square Bldg., Boston, Mass. Highland Humus Corporation, 50 East 42nd St., New York, N. Y. A. H. Hoffman, Inc., Landisville, Penn. Humphreys-Godwin Co., Memphis, Tenn. A. W. Hunt, Weston, Mass. Hy-Trous Co., 504 Ingraham Bldg., Miami, Florida . Independent Manufacturing Co., Wheatsheaf Lane & Aramingo Ave., Philadelphia, Penn. International Agricultural Corporation, 38 Chauncy St., Boston, Mass. J. W. .Tovnt, Lucknow, Ontario, Canada Spencer Kellogg & Sons, Inc., 98 Delaware Ave., Buffalo, N. Y. Kem Plant Food Corporation, 485 Madison Ave., New York, N. Y. Gerald E. A. Leitch, 64 Oak Ridge Road, West Medford, Mass. L. B. Lovitt & Co., Memphis, Tenn. McClain Brothers Co., 263 Clark Bldg., Canton, Ohio Mechling Bros. Division of General Chemical Co., 40 Rector St , New York, N. Y. Menderth, Inc., 92 State St., Boston, Mass. Miller Chemical & Fertilizer Corporation, 1000 South Carolina St., Baltimore, Md. Monsanto Chemical Co., Merrimac Division, Everett Station, Boston, Mass. Natural Guano Co., Aurora, 111. New England Toro Co., 1121 Washington St., West Newton, Mass. N. V. Potash Export My., Inc., of Amsterdam, Holland, 19 West 44th St., New York, N. Y. Norwood Brand Fertilizer Co., Park St., North Reading, Mass. Old Deerfield Fertilizer Co., Inc., South Deerfield, Mass. Olds & Whipple, Inc., 168 State St., Hartford, Conn. Pacific Manure & Fertilizer Co., 108-110 Davis St., San Francisco, Cal. Perkins Oil Co., Memphis, Tenn. F. G. Phillips Co., 37 Circuit Road, Dedham, Mass. Plantabbs Corp., Baltimore, Md. Plantspur Products Co., Inc., Ridgefield, N. J. Potash Company of America, Mercantile Trust Bldg., Baltimore, Md. Premier Poultry Manure Division, North American Car Corporation, 327 South LaSalle St., Chicago, 111. Pulverized Manure Co., 503 Exchange Bldg., Union Stock yards, Chicago, 111. Ramshorn Mills, Inc., West Millbury, Mass. John Reardon & Sons Division of Wilson & Co., Inc., 51 Waverly St., Cambridge, Mass. Rogers & Hubbard Co., Portland, Conn. N. Roy & Son, 675 Washington St., South Attleboro, Mass. Ruhm' Phosphate & Chemical Co., Mt. Pleasant, Tenn. F. Rynveld & Sons, Inc., 149-155 West 24th St., New York, N. Y. Salem Chemical & Supply Co., Salem, Mass. O. M. Scott & Sons Co., Marysville, Ohio Sewerage Commission of the City of Milwaukee, P. O. Box 2079, Milwaukee Wis. Soil Builders, Inc., Division of Colloidal Products of America, Inc., Orlando, Florida Standard Wholesale Phosphate & Acid Works, Inc., 1600 Mercantile Trust Bldg., Baltimore, Md Stockdale Fertilizer Co., Morris, 111. Sutton & Sons, Ltd.. Reading, England Swift & Company Fertilizer Works, 1305 Standard Oil Bldg., Baltimore, Md. F. Sylvester & Son, 397 Proctor Ave., Revere, Mass. Synthetic Nitrogen Products Corporation, 285 Madison Ave., New York, N. Y. Tennessee Corporation, Lockland, Ohio Universal Chemical Co., 106 Ontario St., Lynn, Mass. Virginia-Carolina Chemical Corporation, Carteret, N. J. Walker-Gordon Laboratory, Inc., Plainsboro, N. J. C. P. Washburn Co., Middleboro, Mass. Winslow Nurseries, 1808 Great Plain Ave., Needham, Mass. Thomas Wood & Sons, Inc., 12-14 Midland Ave., Montclair, N. J. Woodard Bros., Greenfield, Mass. Woodruff Fertilizer Works, Inc., Orange, Conn. Publication op this Document Approved by Commission on Administration and Finance 3m-2-'40. D-651 Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station CONTROL SERIES BULLETIN No. 101 DECEMBER, 1939 Inspection of Agricultural Lime Products By H. D. Haskins This is the twenty-eighth report on the inspection of agricultural lime products in Massachusetts. It gives the composition of the various products which have been sold in the State during the year. Massachusetts State College Amherst, Mass. INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL LIME PRODUCTS FOR THE SEASON OF 1939 By H. D. Haskins, Official Chemist1 Manufacturers and Brands During 1939, 23 firms registered for sale in Massachusetts 50 brands of lime products, manufactured and sold for neutralizing acid soils, one brand of gypsum, and one brand of agricultural talc. The products are grouped as follows: Hydrated or slaked lime . Pulverized and ground limestone Oyster shell lime Lime ashes .... Total Gypsum Talc . 25 23 1 1 50 1 1 The analytical results which appear in this bulletin represent, with but few exceptions where samples were furnished us by request, officially drawn samples secured by the same sampling agents who drew the samples of commercial ferti- lizer which served for the inspection of that commodity; the samples therefore came from every section of the State and are, we believe, representative of the lime products sold in Massachusetts as soil amendments. We were not successful in securing a sample of Solvay Pulverized limestone, registered by the Solvay Process Co., Syracuse, N. Y. With this exception all of the lime products registered in Massachusetts were analyzed and results appear in the tables following. Variations and Deficiencies Found in the Composition of Lime Products Of the lime products effective in neutralizing soil acidity, about 85 per cent of those analyzed fully met the minimum guarantee; of the 23 ground limestone products, 5 showed deficiencies. Some of the deficiencies were not of a serious nature as the companion ingredient was present in sufficient excess to more than make up the full neutralizing value of the product as based on the stated guarantee. The same may be said of the hydrated lime products where only four out of 25 brands, about 16 per cent, showed any deficiencies whatever. The tables of analyses will show the extent of variations from the guaranteed composition. Tonnage of Lime Products Sold in Massachusetts Early in 1939 an effort was made to secure reliable statistics as to the tonnage of lime products used in Massachusetts during 1938. Data were secured both from lime firms producing and selling lime for agricultural purposes, and from fertilizer manufacturers who use dolomitic ground limestone in fertilizer mixtures 1 Assisted by H. Robert DeRose, J. W. Kuzmeski, Albert F. Spelman and Leo V. Crowley, Assistant Chemists; J. T. Howard, L. A. Graves and C. L. Whiting, Sampling Agents; George E. Taylor, Laboratory Assistant, Cora B. Grover, Clerk. by the fertilizer people. Tons Sold . . 47,343 Pulverized and ground limestone ' 5,163 Hydrated line Miscellaneous (caustic lime, lime ashes, and shell lime) . ^> Total Explanation of Tables of Analyses 52,891 Table I "Proportion of total oxides as carbonates." The data furnished m C ^m 525— * - »*— Mcates to what extent the pl0d,,c has absorbed carbonic acid from the air. Tables II and III "Carbonates of calcium and magnesium. The ngures in th£ cotnL are elusive of the small amounts of calcium and magnesiun > com- bted as basic silicates; these are readily soluble in mineral acid solutions but obviously should not be classed as carbonates. Under "Mechanical analysis" the figures represent in round numbers the per- centage of product that would pass the various meshed sieves mentioned The limestone products have been published in two groups or • grafts (see tables IlTdllDaccording to fineness of grinding and to %$£££^ voted by the Association of Official Agricultural Chemists at their 1936 meeting. Tables I and II and III. "Neutralizing value expressed in terms of calcium oxMe" represents the acid neutralizing value of both the magnesium and the calcium The figures in the "percent" column are obtained by a direct titrat on wth standard acid. The "pounds in one ton" are secured by multiplying the figures in the "percent" column by 20. 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Gypsum or Land Plaster Calcium Oxide (CaO) Calcium Sul- fate (CaSCU) Calcium and Magnesium Carbonates Name of Manufacturer and Brand Found Guar- anteed Found Guar- anteed Moisture United States Gypsum Co., 300 West Adams St., Chicago, 111. Ben Franklin Agricultural Gypsum (3) Ben Franklin Agricultural Gypsum (1) 32.37 32.43 30.00 30.00 76.86 74.69 64.50 64.50 2.46 3.78 18.03 14.40 L. A. Howard and G. D. Howard, Proctorsville, Vermont Howard's Agricultural Talc By Fusion Per Cent Soluble in strong Hydrochloric- Nitric Acid Per Cent Guarantee Soluble in Acids Per Cent Iron and aluminum oxides 29.84 1.52 7.10 7.76 .90 2.40 7.90 13.00 Material insoluble in acids 80.53%. Neutralizing value in terms of calcium oxide 9.81. Publication of this Document approved by the Commission on Administration and Finance 2500. 2'40-D-562. DR. WALTER S.RITCHIE GOESSMANN LAB. iR.3A3IL B.WOOD, LIBRARY MASSACHUSETTS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION CONTROL SERIES BULLETIN NO. 102 DECEMBER, 1939 Seed Inspection By F. A. McLaughlin This report, the twelfth in seed control service, is a record of work delegated to the Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station during 1939 by authority of Chapter 94 as amended by Chapter 288 of the Acts of 1937 and Chapter 363 of the Acts of 1938. MASSACHUSETTS STATE COLLEGE AMHERST, MASS. ANNOUNCEMENT The Seed Testing Laboratory will allow ten units of work free of charge, during any calendar year, to any resident firm or citizen of Massachusetts. Units are rated as follows: Units Purity analysis (red clover, timothy, etc.) 1 Purity analysis (bluegrass, orchard grass, etc.) 2 Purity analysis of a mixture of seeds (depending upon the number of kinds in the mixture) 4-10 Examination for noxious weeds (sample of 4 cz. or less) 2 Identification of seed or plant 1 Cleaning tobacco seed (4 oz. or less) 2 Germination test (4 x 100 seeds of any seed not chaffy or requiring purity analysis) 1 Germination test (soil, 2 x 100 seeds) 1 Germination test (chaffy grasses or seeds requiring purity analysis) 2 Fees for work in excess of the ten free units allowed to a citizen or resident firm of Massachusetts are as follows: Germination test of all crop seeds except grasses $0.25 Germination test of timothy 25 Germination test of all other grasses 50 Purity analysis of cereals 50 Purity analysis of timothy 75 Purity analysis of all other grasses 1.00 Purity analysis of all other crop seeds 75 Purity analysis of mixtures of not more than 2 kinds of agricultural seeds 1 .00 Purity analysis of special mixtures, including lawn grasses and pasture mixtures — a charge sufficient to cover the actual cost of working the sample, depending entirely upon the character of the sample. Minimum charge 1.25 In no case will the final report be rendered until all fees are paid. The minimum weights of samples to be submitted for analysis are: a. Two ounces of grass seed, white or alsike clover, or seeds not larger than these. b. Five ounces of red or crimson clover, alfalfa, ryegrasses, millet, rape, or seeds of similar size. c. One pound of cereal, vetches, or seeds of similar or larger size. The minimum number of seed of any one kind to be submitted for a germina- tion test is 400. SEED INSPECTION By F. A. McLaughlin i GERMINATION GERMINATION STANDARD KIND OF SEED STANDARD % % MASSACHUSETTS VEGETABLE SEED STANDARDS FOR 1940 Section 261 D of the Seed Law requires that a set of standards for germination of vegetable seeds be determined each year by the Director of the Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station and approved by the Commissioner of Agri- culture. The following set of standards for 1940 has been so determined and approved: KIND OF SEED Artichoke 60 Kohl Rabi . . 75 Asparagus (including hard seed) ... 70 Leek 60 Beans Lettuce 80 Limas 70 Melons Other Beans 80 Muskmelon 75 Beets 65 Watermelon 70 Broccoli 75 Mustard 75 Brussels Sprouts 70 Okra 50 Cabbage 75 Onions 70 Carrot 55 Parsley 60 Cauliflower 75 Parsnip 60 Celeriac 55 Peas 80 Celery 55 Peppers 55 Chard, Swiss 65 Pumpkin 75 Chicory 65 Radish 75 Citron 65 Rhubarb 60 Collards 80 Rutabaga 75 Corn, Sweet 75 Salsify 75 Cress, Upland 40 Sorrel 60 Cress, Water 25 Spinach Cucumber 80 Common 60 Dandelion 45 New Zealand 40 Egg Plant 60 Squash 75 Endive 70 Tomato 75 Fetticus (Corn Salad) 70 Tomato, Husk 50 Kale 75 Turnip 80 The above set of standards corresponds with that adopted by the United States Department of Agriculture for administration of the Federal Seed Act. Changes which have been made in the Massachusetts Standard for 1940 include: Artichoke, Upland Cress, Fetticus, Mustard, Rhubarb, Sorrel, New Zealand Spinach, and Husk Tomato have been added to the 1939 list; and Curled Cress, Dill, Sage, Summer Savory, Sweet Basil, Sweet Fennel, Sweet Marjoram, and Thyme have been omitted. Germination Standards are raised from 65 to 70% for Asparagus; from 75 to 80% for Collards; and from 70 to 75% for Salsify. Germination Standards are lowered from 80 to 70% for Small-seeded Limas; from 40 to 25% for Water Cress; from 55 to 45% for Dandelion; from 80 to 75% for Muskmelon; from 75 to 70% for Onions; from 60 to 55% for Peppers; from 80 to 75% for Radish; and from 80 to 75% for Tomato. In the enforcement of the law, no tolerances will be allowed below the minimum standards adopted. 'Assisted by Miss Jessie L. Anderson, Technical Assistant. CONTROL SERIES No. 102 1939 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS From December 1, 1938, to December 1, 1939, the Seed Laboratory received and worked 2663 samples of seed, of which 1003 were collected by the State Com- missioner of Agriculture and 1661 were sent in by seedsmen, farmers, and various state institutions. An additional lot of 224 samples of flower seeds, for field tests only, was also received from the State Commissioner of Agriculture. Classification of these samples with the total number of laboratory tests in- volved is shown in the following summary. It will be noted that the total number of tests required for the 2663 samples was 3763; 857 for purity and 2906 for germination. Number of number of tests Samples Purity Germination 544 Field Crops for Purity and Germination 644 644 14 Field Crops for Purity Only 14 123 Field Crops for Germination Only 123 103 Lawn and other types of Mixtures for Purity 103 456 Germinations involving 456 ingredients 96 Lawn Mixtures for Purity Only 96 1501 Vegetable Seeds for Germination Only 1501 37 Flower Seeds for Germination Only 37 22 Tree Seeds for Germination Only 22 123 Tobacco Seeds for Germination Only 123 2663 Totals 857 2906 Field tests to determine trueness to type were conducted in cooperation with the Departments of Vegetable Gardening, Floriculture, and Agronomy, which tested respectively 193 samples of Vegetable seeds, 224 samples of Flower seeds, 20 samples of Oats and 73 samples of Corn. All samples for these tests were collected and submitted by the State Commissioner of Agriculture, with the ex- ception of 4 samples of Oats, which were sent in by seedsmen. Results of field tests, except for Oats which were not recorded because of unsatisfactory soil conditions, are shown on Pages 83-103. The Seed Laboratory cleaned 7 lots of Onion seed and 73 lots of Tobacco seed for Connecticut Valley farmers. Explanation of Tables In these tables the seeds are listed in alphabetical order by groups, each group containing only those seeds, the sale of which is regulated by a definite section of the Massachusetts Seed Law. Section 261-A of the Acts and Resolves of 1937, and 1938, Chapters 288 and 363, defines the group from Alfalfa to Wheat, in- clusive; Section 261-B, Mixtures; Section 261-C, Special Mixtures; and Section 261-D, Vegetables. The number preceding each analysis is for identification and reference. The line to the right of the letter "L" gives information copied from the label; that to the right of "F," what was found in the laboratory analysis. Attention is called to certain irregularities by the following: The asterisk (*) shows violation in labeling. Boldface type indicates low puiity, low germination, excessive weed seed, percentage of ingredient found deficient after adding proper tolerance, or excessive inert material, depending upon the column in which it is found. SEED INSPECTION 5 Other deficiencies are enumerated as follows: (1) Noxious weeds not declared but found excessive. (2) Old seed (as shown by given date or by correspondence with the whole- saler). (3) Ingredient found, but not declared. (4) Ingredient declared, but not found. (5) Ingredient declared, but percentage found excessive after adding proper tolerance to amount declared. (6) Term not specific. (7) Wholesaler claims this seed not sold by him, or at least not during cur- rent year. All lots of seed included in this report were tested according to the Rules for Seed Testing adopted by the Association of Official Seed Analysts. "Tolerance" is applied to both purity and germination, except in those tables which list seeds falling under sections of the law not requiring purity or germina- tion on the label. For the application of "Purity Tolerance," the sample is con- sidered as made up of two component parts: (1) the component being considered, and (2) the balance of the sample. The tolerance in percentage allowed for each component shall be two-tenths of one percent (0.2%) plus twenty percent (20%) of the lesser of the two parts. "Germination Tolerance" has been applied between a given germination and the result of the germination test as follows: GIVEN GERMINATION (PERCENT) TOLERANCE (PERCENT( 96 or over 90 or over, but less than 96 6 80 or over, but less than 90 70 or over, but less than 80 60 or over, but less than 70 Less than 60 10 No tolerance is allowed for vegetable seed below the minimum germination standards adopted. CONTROL SERIES No. 102 Q W W _ H _J 5 o < •— o z o H u u c Z - < O o> a c 0. O- On On On o on f^<»5 "i": r*> ") "5f*5 O- On o- a o- o> o-o> o o> Q"H O p 5 0.6= CE o u a. P-iCO C nl 2 >~ 3 — 00 © IT) — •* o D3oo aJ C -^ o'rt O /Spu <-§ a * e-SH 2 = Coo So Coo'ai OosS «Z : Z -o ■-. e«M ^ in as c «/°n W o < u w en ai W < w H < « eg W P a s-|w 3o w J 00 r^ 00 — 00 -h oo r— O O ©>/5 00 t^ o -*00 o o 00 00 t^ 00 © vO 00 On f-Z — | On On c- ©. 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'ii 'd I- Ol^o CL.C/3 00 ON Oi» ON O oo o> mf> re re r»5 ") ~5 re on on On On on a o> o> O- ^ 2 u" &£ W .M oj wo a W of . c H.H 6.2 td 01 ., 5>- oJ'OZ Jfc -'Co *> B'~ -* a] ■ 6 6 oi zcja •c.S •*o§ c o I*! •aw c^ f'5 H y Ko c c P p c„ Crf~ < 9°. o- o» o>' o On On Jtx, 0_ a orf p S y o C/3^" ft °" «M Uc gov o c/3 Crf o£ w.S S en 2 Jfe -Jfc 5,o a o o w y > erf W en Q W td- - 03 g p60 ou u u X u X w c/3 Prf "3. cfc. E- c £ •7 -E * 8£ W p ca OTn H SEED INSPECTION 11 > c u Q w Jta 03Q ^, oi-< not 5 baOffl ™ 3" . C -"* ° a 3^33 2 1 §- < -•* oi 0^> o Mts o Z6° J1 o u Q-p H2 S pc; o> < Ov ^ CO O CS00 t-iCO — . ■* -**C rvj *H MO ;> 01 ?co -S -IN o ZZ : 1-1 . o r.HU (dO >• w u"S tfl a; 3 <-2 •= wu| Q 00 GO w o Zjrii < o a KS E X = H . 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B3 moo 00 t» OO On On On On o 14 z* . si" SI'S 3 SE H 5 < ■ow SEED INSPECTION 00 Os 00 OS OsOs "5f*i l») W5 fjf) CM> OsOs aa c o< ©\ 00 & X •i <-*)-- I r*5 i/} r- ir.i*; CO SO t^ sC* *© Os *r> sO Os o' OsOs OsOs O-Os OOs OO OsOs OsOs vOsO O- Os tfl 0dw to JS a; U>-o K&'E H BJJ Pig £ "73 2 c < u WceS MS5b >* offi C «J3 U.O USE < O *j Z'E . 3 £E *£ 2 o EU C2-o U»J sV ^ 2 sU ~ Sll, S~e CEU - 2 H >- c ►-» - sV z >. p. 05 •£ c 111 o S H EH C 'J lil °£ >.« C <■= 5 >g! ox « EH H Diso? Oi" cd 0, x >;& H 2 o 8 34 CONTROL SERIES No. 102 QUH C OS u ££^ OiCfl :l" ~Q •°-9 C*1 0s 0s ©> ov os on a f^OO fOOO r*)00 #00 -nOO * 00 *- 00 (NOO —00 8§ ©i-i oo oo oo op oo oo op qp op © p d •* © d do> © <> so-4 0~ & O* On On 00 C- O- O" O* - I - Id ^ i — _^ o o o o oo Jfc & »! 6-g <~> -> en >/' O o . .SU o-o o ^ o? ©> 0*> ©* 0s o^ o^ o** o> 0s- c^ © o^ Jfe Jfc J to j Ei. JEi* Jto ~^ H-Jtu qSu 00 fj w£*j Su %°* w . - HI en o.S o t! oH •7 > • >.-< o-5 £ •SZ £1 • Cx, o « OjV o . Z E£ E:S EW ^ H H 5^, ca-5> o . 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ON r- Os r^ o rN ^ C* 0"> o" u6y W 2?;s 04 3T3 05 x c5 O.^E HJ4 p o 3,§; o o o o o qqqqq oowiuioo c-- 3* r^ r*» ^ "!NOO(N 32o2 r 41S o E o to O oO u-2 a is 3E <5 8 x U fe! O y otoc d O in ■ c x 3 3 O - ca y|H aau 3 o i> c-3:e ~&0 a) •5 .3 '-3 (l) c c 7_ O H 4» S S72 E 3* s H 00 00 00 00 00 ocooo cs ** r~ o oo 00*»H O <-^-*O00 0->n.O« _ _u-; — -t c-o E2 H CONTROL SERIES No. 102 Q"H O E u j£tfl Ph^ T) e* C 3 c c tfl c E 01 'J Is rttd Qp P.* «2 J3 E ivjr*} qqqo ocooo ■** ^om est— 01.O 0) -Hi-J j 9 .a 5 ;t d O if w U <« c P* o rr 00 e> J til XC -H Jtl. o©oo qqqqq iO o o >o o o e oo r^ oo IOO(ON •"* 06 v6© -- CN CS PO pa w Ho-" 2 -d £ W c . 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' ^ ' ~o OioOO C-l /5 ■* Ov ** CN ©in 00 ©rom Or- ^ r» t»j p oo i«0 — >o — < pop OOO ©o© . *M— m o G B rt • - e£S°2 1) ZJpi .2 Q.is-5 JO c 2 a ao Ti O B ■a E 5- "•-2ft, o oooooo pppppp 6«ci66d oo o oc a 00 — IM OS oo ^ o> o> 0s oo 2 E £j3 Z £ W B BqJ rtHH ^ . rt ■— . > o a.X to Q~ ft 3 0N CJ OH ° BT3 & E£ rtTJ II VVOU ntl WoSZQOSOhOS 3 : b cn-o O ° v ™ Ojo (J .06£J" M -r _) 60 o ft*-' C sou-; WaSiSu u go Z£ r •— ' -O .fc 3 u uaHS 3 o V 0* c-S;= E ooooo q q q q q c-j r-^ ■* oo oo On! T3 O o ._ si £*< c S CS £ .233 oOjwunO SO»CDON o O.J3w to 3 O -Si f H n T3 p ' 3 g OON I") «5 o!^ ' c* U3.2 f Er^ 2 W 1- ft 60 M^j °coe to a .M 3 as j?w l-H « rt J $10 42 CONTROL SERIES No. 102 3 a- - u 01 B -s O-cC/3 ^ =32 c m in in on ooooo qqqoq 00 00r-ON On »!0»MN UIOJOO^ u- r- — -r -^ c as* cn.H m- O m^ , a; ?"0 1*1 « irt o -Id oooo oooo ©odd IT} CN — « — vO O QSa- u i- £ 3 m >i2e? 5 i*> 55 ;^-' •= y <" e ■ .* . M— m O O. C m • — 3 2'i'S » a; cux o oo Wasuo< Ef.E m o qq a 2 oooo© oo qoosqqs t-^ M >o in o ao :*i l>t-a0 30X»X o ooooo o q q q q q q q O ri t^ t*i d ai ~* oo o» oo o* o> 00 O cn rsl so in ^t no r-~ © r~ oo *t cn no © wj **) u-i \C O ■<* "* — ^ (M — ~- W rt a"- ° 6 ° rZu o j <« yj c ail ™ 4J O ^ > SEED INSPECTION 43 CSvO (>■■* odd in M o'od rr,-t Jfe ooo ooo qqoq ddd"i 00 On CO t- «)On It-; O*0 ■o: 2 ° o u -S OS •• OJ° * rtCL, "IO00- W5 CO •* ■* CN lO 5qq MOO© ■q- t- CO 80QO Oindifl r<5 — < -^" >C fe d-s-S us S Df. WO c S'Sg.S uj c r,0* S =5 u — <■> l- il >4s qqqo d © ^ © i 2 d Si CD Bs 00 >> . >> o a^= - w 22o§£ WaJH«Q oo"io 833 W $ 6 w So Jc3 ■ « ™ <*5 2 w id bo v >■ U-3 o no »n > s* > 0) - GO C £2 O o%~ P3 bo . " :> CO 3? oH ft ■X ■■£ « 050 h*c 6 ccocc c qqqqoq OOOinOC 00 C> O- 00^ Cv ©©•^m© M js 5 £,«« o> vb7w W OS h £ u. os 2 D c- o>" 00 -'U. U s 8,3 3 9«* Jfe. 00 -. 00 •q< H coo 000 odd 00OC* Ooo* ■* 0606 0 13 5 2 ** 30ftK» = ££!£ GJ o> u O y H I £0 •* "S i* s* c-S E •3& W05Q 0 0) O. O *<* W « o> C rt •0 01 o> Im w)0 1/5 r*5 03 ' o 2 ooooo 00 00 O 00 O uicouiov o «0»)Oh ^ cn —i _* EC Sf-fi >ttiw «3 3 o-g aj +-» WW'S • a > 03 .2 < a o 3 S21 "S oo © oq q ooooo ooooo OOo'uiO GO O O t^ Ov -. — i lO --t."^ 3 c g agj W o> c c_ £> oo 83 >< "cfl Z 1 i u *§ U coS- oooc oo o o I38S WW H c o WO a, 3 0^£ oooo dodo ooo;oq * r~ O r«jf» CNlfl — aj CO M §1 coo o a* 60 '•* ■d cor -, 3 O N a, 46 CONTROL SERIES No. 102 DUH O g O S3^ £#v £■0 3 ST P-H/) It." Q=* Q X Z. O Z e c cj a; ^ r^- c FT Z^g c £> d)Jr-J= O BO O TO 3 Ox 003 r- a oqo CC T* (N "rtlfl CM >-i rn qqqq c d c> c> to c S&f ale c-o cue; «S.E>.o; SEED INSPECTION 47 1939 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES Lab. No. Wholesale Distributor. Kind of Seed and Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Germination Month Found of Test '0 1939 ASPARAGUS Standard Germination 65% FOSTER FARRAR CO., Northampton, Mass. Mary Washington Foster Farrar Co.. Northampton G. W. GARDINER & SONS, Fall River, Mass. Mary Washington G. W. Gardiner & Sons, Fall River 73 51 June June BEANS Standard Germinations: Large-Seeded Limas 70%; Small-Seeded Limas 80%; Other Varieties, not including Limas 80%. JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, CORP., Boston, Mass. 75F Bountiful, No. 9085 F 98 Joseph Breck & Sons, Corp., Boston 76F Surecrop Wax. No. 9083F 83 Joseph Breck & Sons, Corp., Boston 883 Cranberry Bush 99 C. F. Webster, West Townsend COBURN SEED & SUPPLY CO., Chelmsford, Mass. 485F Bountiiul 91 Coburn Seed & Supply Co., Chelmsford COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 202F Pencil Pod Black Wax 92 A. E. Wardell Co., New Bedford 210F Improved Golden Wax 91 Ricard Grain Co., New Bedford 279 Burpee's Stringless Green Pod 89 Sargent Grain & Supply Co., Brockton 446 Bountiful Green Pod Bush 91 Wm. F. Flynn Hardware Co., Attleboro EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass. IF Pencil Pod Bush Wax, Lot No. 10818 95 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 85% — 12/1938) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Springfield 2F Fordhook Bush Lima. Lot No. 2218 74 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 85%— 12/1938) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange. Springfield 936 French Horticultural, Lot No. 10818 90 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 90%— 12/1938) Greenfield Farmer's Cooperative Exchange, Greenfield 1024 Stringless Green Pod, Lot No. 318 93 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 85% — 12 1938) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Worcester 1025 French Horticultural, Lot No. 10818 91 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 90% — 12/1938) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Worcester THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 155F Surecrop 99 Thomas W. Emerson Co., Boston 1 56F Golden Wax 96 Thomas W. Emerson Co., Boston 914 French Horticultural 95 Lincoln Square Paint & Hardware Co., Worcester June June June June June June June June June June June June June June June June 48 CONTROL SERIES No. 102 1939 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued Lab. No. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Germination Found BEANS — Continued THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 1079 Kentucky Wonder Wax 9| A. H. Whidden & Son, Inc., Peabody FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 252F Bountiful vj Union Florist, Faneuil Hall Mkt., Boston 487 Kentucky Wonder 93 Chelsea Hardware Store, Chelsea FOSTER FARRAR CO., Northampton, Mass. 1157 Round Pod Kidney Wax y2 Foster Farrar Co.. Northampton FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. 337F Bountiful • • • ■ • ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ / • • ■ \ (Wholesaler's Germination Test 90%— 1/1939) Fraser's, Wellesley 338F Improved Golden Wax " (Wholesaler's Germination Test 90%— 1/1939) Fraser's, Wellesley 94 1182 Surecrop Fraser's, Wellesley 1183 Golden Wax 9S Fraser's, Wellesley G. W. GARDINER & SONS, Fall River, Mass. 99F Red Valentine ■ • - ■ ■ ; ■■• (Wholesaler's Germination Test 90%— 2/1939) G. W. Gardiner & Sons, Fall River 1061 Round Pod Kidney Wax 94 G. W. Gardiner & Sons, Fall River J. J. H. GREGORY & SON, Marblehead, Mass. 496F Surecrop Wax •■■■••;••• J. J. H. Gregory & Son, Marblehead THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. ^ (Wholesaler's Germination Test 90%— 1/1939) Thomas J. Grey Co., Boston 38F Shell French Dwarf Horticultural 95 Thomas J. Grey Co., Boston JOSEPH HARRIS CO., INC., Coldwater, N. Y. 36F Pencil Pod Black Wax, Lot No. 2085 .... . • " (Wholesaler's Germination Test 99%— 1939) Joseph Harris Co., Inc., Cambridge, Mass. CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 318F Bountiful • • ■ • • ■ • ; • ■ • \ (Wholesaler's Germination Test 90%— 1 1939) Faneuil Florist, 26 Dock Sq., Boston 383 Golden Wax Bush 91 Cleveland Hardware Co., Walpole 742 Lowe's Champion ■ ■ ■ • •■•••■ 94 (Wholesaler's Germination Test — 1/1939) H. F. Davis Hardware Co., Merrimac 1133 Dwarf Horticultural or Cranberry " F. H. Turner & Co., Gt. Barnngton LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk. N. Y. 408 Black Wax or Butter • M W. G. Moses, 134 Broad St.. Bridgewater D. LANDRETH SEED CO.. Bristol, Pa. 747 French Horticultural ou Staples Hardware Co., Haverhill Month of Test 1939 June June June June June June June June June June June June June June June June June June June June SEED INSPECTION 49 1939 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS VEGETABLES — Continued Continued Lab. No. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Germination Found Month of Test 1939 BEANS— Continued MICHAEL LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago, 111. 393F Long Yellow Six Weeks 8S Kingman Hardware Co., Franklin S16 Burpee's Stringless Green Pod ■ • • ■ " (Wholesaler's Germination Test 90% — 12/1938) W. E. Aubuchon Co., Inc., Maynard THE PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. 287F Pencil Pod Black Wax 9/ Stone Hardware Co., Brockton O. B. PARKS CO., Westfield, Mass. 1119 Long Yellow Six Weeks 90 O. B. Parks Co., Westfield W. G. PEARSE & CO., Fall River, Mass. 109F Bountiful 98 W. G. Pearse & Co., Fall River GEORGE R. PEDRICK & SONS, Pedricktown, N. J. 392 Black Wax 97 Continental Nurseries, Franklin PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 58F Black Valentine 615 W 94 Perry Seed Co., Boston 1096 Dwarf Horticultural 387 W 95 Perry Seed Co., Boston JEROME B. RICE SEED CO.. CambridRe, X. Y. 122F Black Wax 80 H. S. Chadbourne & Co., Milford 1 136 Keeney's Imp. Rustless Golden Wax 97 Frank Howard, Inc., Pittsfield 1137 Dwarf Horticultural 9s Frank Howard, Inc., Pittsfield ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 137F Pencil Pod Black Wax 9/ Ross Bros. Co., Worcester 1 7SF Round Pod Kidney Wax 93 Ross Bros. Co., Worcester JOSEPH SORDILLO & SONS, 115 Cross St., Boston, Mass. 995 Italian Roman Pole 95 Joseph Sordillo & Sons. Boston, Mass. 996 Fave di Preglia 24 Joseph Sordillo & Sons, Boston THORNTON & CROUCH, Lawrence, Mass. 1045 Burpee's Green Pod 95 Thornton & Crouch, Lawrence. . . JOHN B. VARICK CO., Manchester, N. H. 550F Ward's Kidney Wax 8* L. L. Peavey Co., Newburyport F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 151F Bountiful, Lot No. 13652 95 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 94% — 1 1939) Middlesex County Farm Bureau, Waltham 153F Pencil Pod Black Wax, Lot No. 13773 97 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 94%— 2 1939) Middlesex County Farm Bureau, Waltham 616 Fordhook Bush Lima ' 5 J. B. Sibley & Son, Ware June June June June June June June June June June June June June June June June June June June June 50 CONTROL SERIES No. 102 1939 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued Lab. No. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Germination Month Found of Test 0} ■0 1939 BEANS— Concluded F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 724 French Horticultural 94 Farm Service Store, Middleboro S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS, Orange, Conn. 269F Burpee's Stringless Green Pod 94 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 90%— 1 1939) J. H. Fairbanks Co., Bridgewater 403F Yellow Six Weeks 89 Monroe's Seed Market, Attleboro 404 Golden Wax 71 Monroe's Seed Market, Attleboro 1 126 Kentucky Wonder 92 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 95%— 11 1936) The George Methe Co., Westfield BEETS Standard Germination 65% JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, CORP., Boston, Mass. 77F Crosby's Egyptian, Lot No. 9107 F 85 Joseph Breck & Sons, Corp., Boston COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 204F Early Wonder 78 Ricard Grain Co., New Bedford 282F Detroit Dark Red 79 Sargent Grain & Supply Co., Brockton 343F Crosby's Egyptian 84 Crossman's Hardware Co., Needham 399 Ea. Blood Turnip 79 Brownell Hardware Co., Attleboro EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass. 3F Detroit Late Market Globe, Lot No. 318 90 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 75%— 12/1938) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Springfield THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 157F Dark Red Egyptian 59 Thomas W. Emerson Co., Boston 158F Early Wonder 75 Thomas W. Emerson Co., Boston 504 Detroit Dark Red 71 United Cooperative Society, Maynard EMPIRE SEED CO., Fredonia, N. V. 813 Early Blood Turnip 72 N. Archer Groceries, North Andover FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 248F Early Blood Turnip 84 (Packed for 1939) Union Florist, Faneuil Hall Mkt., Boston FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. 340F Boston Crosby 86 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 80%— 1/1939) Fraser's, Wellesley FREDONIA SEED CO., Fredonia, N. V. 240F Detroit Dark Red 91 Charles F. Stone Co., Dorchester June June June June June June June June June June June June June June June June June June SEED INSPECTION 51 1939 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Coniinued VEGETABLES — Continued Lab. No. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Germination Month Found of Test % 1939 BEETS— Continued G. W. GARDINER & SONS, Fall River, Mass. 100F Crosby's Egyptian 86 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 86% — 1/1939) G. W. Gardiner & Sons, Fall River J. J. H. GREGORY & SON, Marblehead, Mass. 495 Detroit Dark Red 90 J. J. H. Gregory & Son, Marblehead GOOD SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 736 Early Blood 87 L. Z. Thomas School, So. Hanson 827 Detroit Dark Red SO Bradstreet School. No. Andover THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 39F Crosby's Egyptian 9.? Thomas J. Grey Co., Boston 40F Detroit 91 Thomas J. Grey Co., Boston JOSEPH HARRIS CO., INC.. Coldwater, N. V. 34F Crosby's Egyptian. No. 426 90 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 80% — ) Joseph Harris Co., Inc., Cambridge CHARLES C. HART SEED CO.. Wethersfield. Conn. 300F Detroit Dark Red 88 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 80% — 1939) Sargent Grain & Supply Co., Brockton 380 Crosby's Egyptian .83 Cleveland Hardware Co., Walpole BUDD D. HAWKINS, Reading, Vt, 138F Detroit Dark Red 88 I. B. Burrows, Worcester LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 190F Extra Ea. Egyptian Blood Turnip 80 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 90% — 12 1938) Serafino Tarini, New Bedford THE PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. 266F Detroit Dark Red 81 J. H. Fairbanks Co., Bridgewater 294 Early Blood Turnip 70 Stone Hardware Co., Brockton W. G. PEARSE & CO., Fall River, Mass. 1 10F Detroit Dark Red 93 W. G. Pearse & Co., Fall River PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 59F Crosby's Egyptian, No. 1143R 89 Perry Seed Co., Boston JEROME B. RICE SEED CO.. Cambridge, N. Y. 1 19F Detroit Dark Red 88 H. S. Chadbourne & Co.. Milford ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 178F Detroit Dark Red 86 Ross Bros. Co.. Worcester 179F Early Wonder 87 Ross Bros. Co., Worcester VAUGHANS SEED STORE. N. Y. 634 Crosby's Egyptian 77 Coggers, Florist, Saugus June June June June June June June June June June June June June June June June June June June 52 CONTROL SERIES No. 102 1939 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued Lab. No. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Germination Month Found of Test % 1939 BEETS— Concluded JOHN B. VARICK CO., Manchester, N. H. 551F Crosby's Egyptian 88 L. L. Peavey Co., Newburyport F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford. Conn. 143F Woodruff's Ea. Wonder 68 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 66%— 10/1938) Middlesex County Farm Bureau, Waltham 426 Ea. Wonder (2) 36 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 75%— 1939) Winer's Hardware Store, Weymouth S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS, Orange, Conn. 271F Crosby's Egyptian 81 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 87%— 12/1938) J. H. Fairbanks Co., Bridgewater 670 Detroit Dark Red 77 (Wholesaler's Germination Test — 12 1938) Monroe's Seed Market, Attleboro June June June June June BROCCOLI Standard Germination 75% JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, CORP., Boston, Mass. 78F Italian Green Sprouting, Lot No. 91 1 1 F 84 July- Joseph Breck & Sons, Corp., Boston EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield. Mass. 4F Calabrese, Lot No. 4 A 13715 68 July (Wholesaler's Germination Test 80%— 12/1938) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Springfield THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 41F Calabrese 79 July Thomas J. Grey Co., Boston JOSEPH HARRIS CO., INC., Coldwater, N. V. 29F Italian Green Sprouting, Lot No. 18 79 June (Wholesaler's Germination Test 92%— 1939) Joseph Harris Co., Inc., Cambridge PERRY SEED CO.. Boston, Mass. 60F Calabrese, Lot No. 115 N 77 June Perry Seed Co., Boston NORTHRUP, KING & CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 1209 St. Valentine 67 July (Wholesaler's Germination date 1939) Peirson Hardware Co., Pittsfield JOSEPH SORDILLO & SONS, Boston, Mass. 991 Carvolo, European Seed 84 July Joseph Sordillo & Sons, Boston STERLING SEED CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 702 Green Sprouting or Italian Calabrese 77 July (Wholesaler's Germination date Packed for 1939) J. J. Newberry Co., Whitman F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 617F Calabrese, Gr. Sprouting (2) 55 July J. B. Sibley & Son, Ware BRUSSELS SPROUTS Standard Germination 70' , FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. 1 1 74 Long Island Improved 83 July (Wholesaler's Germination Test Appiox. 85' ,—1 1939) Fraser's, Wellesley SEED INSPECTION 53 1939 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS VEGETABLES — Continued Continued Lab. No. Wholesale Distributor. Kind of Seed and Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Germination Found Month of Test 1939 BRUSSELS SPROUTS— Concluded F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. Half Dwf. Paris Market Peirson Hardware Co., Pittsfield July CABBAGE Standard Germination 75% JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, CORP., Boston, Mass. 79F Danish Ballhead, Lot No. 9021F 93 Joseph Breck & Sons, Corp., Boston 757 Copenhagen 60 Ellison Coal & Grain Co., Haverhill COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 200F Copenhagen Market 94 A. E. Wardell Co., New Bedford 207 Perfection Drumhead Savoy 92 Ricard Grain Co., New Bedford 283 Early Jersey Wakefield "8 Sargent Grain & Supply Co., Brockton EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass. 5F Copenhagen Golden Acre — 6 E 1415 83 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 80%— 12/1938) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Springfield THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 159F Danish Ballhead 86 Thomas W. Emerson Co., Boston 160F Golden Acre 77 Thomas W. Emerson Co., Boston G. W. GARDINER & SONS, Fall River, Mass. 101F Select Golden Acre 82 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 88%— 2/1939) G. W. Gardiner & Sons, Fall River GOOD SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 733 Danish Ballhead S8 L. Z. Thomas School, So. Hanson THOMAS J. GREY & CO., Boston. Mass. 42F Golden Acre 92 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 96% — 1 1939) Thomas J. Grey & Co., Boston JOSEPH HARRIS CO., INC.. Coldwater, N. Y. 28F Golden Acre. No. 1007 89 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 92%— 1939) Joseph Harris Co., Inc., Cambridge CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 457 Danish Ballhead (2) "2 Hammond Hardware Co., Attleboro LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 192F Early Jersey Wakefield 13 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 85%— 12 1938) Serafino Tarini, New Bedford 409 Danish Ballhead 95 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 75^ — 12 1938) W. G. Moses, Bridgewater D. LANDRETH SEED CO., Bristol, Pa. 1188 Amagar 47 P. A. Richard Hardware Co.. Spencer June July June June June June June June June July June June June July June June Germination Month Found of Test 07 /o 1939 54 CONTROL. SERIES No. 102 1939 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued Lab. Wholesale Distributor. Kind of Seed and No. Variety. Dealer, and Place Collected CABBAGE— Concluded MICHAEL LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago. 111. 902 Early Jersey Wakefield 80 July (Wholesaler's Germination Test 85%— 12/1938) United Cooperative Farmer's Inc., Fitchburg THE PAGE SEED CO., Greene. N. Y. 295 Improved Savoy 84 June Stone Hardware Co., Brockton A. G. PATCH CO., Boston, Mass. 220 Drumhead Savoy 88 June A. G. Patch Co., Boston W. G. PEARSE & CO., Fall River. Mass. 11 IF Danish Round Head— Short Stem 80 June W. G. Pearse & Co.. Fall River PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 61F Penn. State Ballhead, Lot No. 1580 F 86 June Perry Seed Co., Boston ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 176F Danish Round Head 75 June Ross Bros. Co., Worcester 177F Copenhagen Market 81 June Ross Bros. Co., Worcester F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 142F Golden Acre, Lot No. 11776 76 June (Wholesaler's Germination Test 77%— 11/1938) Middlesex County Farm Bureau, Waltham 761 Danish Ballhead 80 June D. J. Mahoney Hardware Co.. Bradford S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS, Orange, Conn. 986 Danish Ballhead, Lot No. 1069 54 July Waskiewicz Bros., Hadley CARROTS Standard Germination 55% JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, CORP.. Boston, Mass. 81F Hutchinson, No. 9122 F 62 May Joseph Breck & Sons, Corp., Boston 395 Danvers Half Long 66 May A. T. Chase Corp., Dedham COMSTOCK FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 199F Hutchinson 71 May A. E. Wardell Co.. New Bedford 205F Improved Danvers 62 May Ricard Grain Co., New Bedford 344F Improved Long Orange 55 May Crossman's Hardware Co.. Needham 449 Chantenay 57 May Wm. F. Flynn Hardware Co., Attleboro EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass. 7F Nantes Long, No. 2127 80 May (Wholesaler's Germination Test 70%— 12-1938) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange. Springfield THOMAS W. EMERSON CO.. Boston 161F Chantenay 68 May Thomas W. Emerson Co., Boston 162F Hutchinson 80 May Thomas W. Emerson Co., Boston SEED INSPECTION 55 1939 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued Germination Month Found of Test i 1939 Lab. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and No. Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected CARROTS— Continued FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit. Mich. 249F Red Cored Chantenay 70 May Union Florist, Faneuil Hall Mkt , Boston FRASER'S, Wellesley 341F Chantenay 72 May (Wholesaler's Germination Test 75%— 1/1939) Fraser's, Wellesley G. W. GARDINER & SONS, Fall River. Mass. 103F Danver's Half Long 76 May (Wholesaler's Germination Test 83%— 1 1939) G. W. Gardiner & Sons, Fall River GOOD SEED CO., Fredonia, N. V. 731 Danvers Half Long 75 May L. Z. Thomas School, So. Hanson THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 44F Scarlet Nantes 72 May Thomas J. Grey Co., Boston JOSEPH HARRIS CO.. INC., Coldwater, X. Y. 32F Nantes, No. 448 73 May (Wholesaler's Germination Test 76% — 1939) Joseph Harris Co., Inc., Cambridge CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 299F Danvers Half Long Stump Root 69 May (Wholesaler's Germination Test 65% — 1939) Sargent Grain & Supply Co., Brockton 381 Danvers Half Long 89 May Cleveland Hardware Co., Walpole BUDD D. HAWKINS, Reading. Vt. 140F Red Cored Chantenay 59 May I. B. Barrows, Worcester LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 191F Danvers Half Long 58 May (Wholesaler's Germination Test 65% — 12 1938) Serafino Tarini, New Bedford 413 Chantenay 65 May (Wholesaler's Germination Test 65%— 1938. Packed in 1939) W. G. Moses, Bridgewater D. LANDRETH SEED CO., Bristol. Pa. 1189 Improved Danvers Half Long 77 June P. A. Richard Hardware Co., Spencer MICHAEL LEONARD SEED CO.. Chicago. 111. 135F Improved Long Orange 73 May (Wholesaler's Germination Test 75% — 12 1938) W. E. Aubuchon Co., Milford THE PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. 267F Danvers Half Long 60 May (Wholesaler's Germination Test 65% — 1 1939) J. H. Fairbanks & Co., Bridgewater A. G. PATCH CO., Boston, Mass. 221F Improved Danver's Half Long 58 June A. G. Patch Co., Boston W. G. PEARSE & CO., Fall River, Mass. 1 12F Chantenay 87 May W. G. Pearse & Co., Fall River PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 63F Hutchinson, Lot No. 2150 FM 85 May Perry Seed Co., Boston 56 CONTROL SERIES No. 102 1939 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued Lab. No. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Germination Found % Month of Test 1939 CARROTS— Concluded JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 123F Danver's Half Long 79 H. S. Chadbourne & Co., Milford ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 276F Danvers Half Long 72 J. H. Fairbanks Co., Bridgewater JOHN B. VARICK CO., Manchester, N. H. 881 Long Orange 57 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 62% — ) R. F. Powell Hardware Co., Townsend F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 144F Hutchinson 77 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 76%— 10/1938) Middlesex County Farm Bureau, Waltham 14SF Danver's Half Long, No. 8020 7* (Wholesaler's Germination Test 69%— 12 '1938) Middlesex County Farm Bureau, Waltham 770 Chantenary Red Cored 70 Haverhill Hardware & Supply Co., Haverhill S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS, Orange, Conn. 270 Danvers Half Long /0 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 78%— 12 1938) J. H. Fairbanks Co., Bridgewater 669 Danvers Half Long, No. 1735 • 64 (Wholesaler's Germination Test Approx. 72%— 12/1938) Monroe's Seed Market, Attleboro CAULIFLOWER Standard Germination 75% G. W. GARDINER & SONS, Fall River, Mass. 1057 Early Snowball 89 G. W. Gardiner & Sons, Fall River PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 1101 Ea. Snowball 1922 84 Perry Seed Co., Boston JOSEPH SORDILLO & SONS, Boston, Mass. 993 European Seed (6) ' - Joseph Sordillo & Sons, Boston THORNTON & CROUCH, Lawrence, Mass. 1052 Ea. Snowball 82 Thornton & Crouch, Lawrence F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 619 Snowball 84 J. B. Sibley & Son, Ware CELERY Standard Germination 55% JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, CORP., Boston, Mass. 80 Golden Self Blanching, Lot No. 7023 F 70 Joseph Breck & Sons, Corp., Boston EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass. 6 Golden Plume— JER 9 A 23017 62 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 65%— 12/1938) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Springfield 1019 Pascal, Lot No. 9 C 1625 66 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 70%— 12/1938) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Worcester May May June May May May June May June June July July May May May June SEED INSPECTION 57 1939 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued Germination Month Lab Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Found 0,"J,eost N0. Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected /o lvJV CELERY— Concluded FOSTER FARRAR CO., Northampton, Mass. iscal Foster Farrar Co., Northampton FRASER'S, Wellesley. Mass. 1154 Pascal Fost FRASEI 1175 Giant Pascal 82 June 83 June Fraser's, Wellesley G. W. GARDINER & SONS, Fall River, Mass. 1056 Golden Plume Il June G. W. Gardiner & Sons, Fall River J. J. H. GREGORY & SON, Marblehead, Mass. 1071 Golden Plume • 78 June J. J. H. Gregory & Son. Marblehead THOMAS J. GREY & CO., Boston. Mass. 43 Early Blanching *' lvlay Thomas J. Grey & Co., Boston JOSEPH HARRIS CO., INC., Coldwater, X. Y. Golden Plume or Wonderful, No. 315 64 May (Wholesaler's Germination Test 76' c — 19.>9) Joseph Harris Co., Inc., Cambridge LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 352 Golden Hearted Self Blanching 4-> Jylav Bliss Hardware Co., Plymouth PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 62 Golden Plume or Wonderful. No. 2276 EM 76 May Perry Seed Co.. Boston JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge. N. Y. 1146 Giant Pascal ■ • ■ • oy June Frank Howard, Inc., Pittsfield 31 67 June THORNTON & CROUCH, Lawrence, Mass. 1051 Giant Pascal Thornton & Crouch, Lawrence F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS. Milford. Conn. 704 Pascal 80 May Waldron Hardware Co., Taunton CHICORY Standard Germination 65% ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. , 1 169 Ciccoria Catalogna ^ JU> Ross Bros. Co.. Worcester CORN Standard Germination 75% JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, CORP., Boston. Mass. 82F Golden Bantam, Lot No. 9237 H 9° Julv Joseph Breck & Sons, Corp., Boston 882 Golden Giant 87 July C. F. Webster, West Townsend COMSTOCK FERRE & CO., Wethersfield. Conn. 201F Whipple's Yellow • • • ys J u y A. W. Wardell Co., New Bedtord 209F Crosby's Extra Early Ricard Grain Co., New Bedford 278 Golden Giant Sargent Grain & Supply Co.. Brockton 89 July 89 June 58 CONTROL SERIES No. 102 1939 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued Lab. No. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Germination Found Month of Test 1939 CORN— Continued COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Cnnn. 447 Early Golden Bantam 97 Wm. F. Flynn Hardware Co., Attleboro ARTHUR R. CONE, Buffalo, N. Y. 951 Bantam Evergreen 50-122 90 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 90%— 2/1939) Sunshine Feed Store, Greenfield EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass. 8F Golden Bantam, Lot No. 14519 99 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 90%— 1/1939) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Springfield 1011 Golden Ea. Market, Yellow-11 A 114518 99 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 90%— 12 1938) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Worcester THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 163F Marcross 98 Thomas W. Emerson Co., Boston 164F Golden Bantam Evergreen 97 Thomas W. Emerson Co., Boston 505 Golden Bantam Evergreen 91 United Cooperative Society, Maynard 779 Golden Bantam 99 Haverhill Coal & Grain Co., Haverhill FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 253F Golden Bantam 93 Union Florist, Faneuil Hall Mkt., Boston FOSTER FARRAR CO., Northampton, Mass. 1 158 Golden Cross Bantam 97 Foster Farrar Co., Northampton FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. 342F Golden Cross Bantam 98 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 90% — 1/1939) Fraser's, Wellesley G. W. GARDINER & SONS, Fall River, Mass. 104F Golden Bantam 96 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 93% — 1/1939) G. W. Gardiner & Sons, Fall River J. J. H. GREGORY & SON, Marblehead, Mass. 1067 Golden Bantam 96 J. J. H. Gregory & Son, Marblehead THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 45F Golden Bantam 99 Thomas J. Grey Co., Boston JOSEPH HARRIS CO., INC., Coldwater, N. Y. 35F Harris Extra Early Bantam, Lot No. 1177 97 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 99%— 1939) Joseph Harris Co., Inc., Cambridge CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 31 7F Early Golden Bantam 95 Faneuil Florist, 26 Dock Sq., Boston 379 Golden Bantam 84 Cleveland Hardware Co., Walpole 624 Golden Giant 94 J. B. Sibley & Son, Ware D. LANDRETH SEED CO.. Bristol, Pa. 750 Golden Sunshine 90 Staples Hardware Co., Haverhill June July June June July July June June July June June July June July July June June June June SEED INSPECTION 59 1939 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS VEGETABLES — Continued Continued Lab. No. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Germination Month Found of Test % 1939 CORN— Concluded THE PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. 268F Golden Bantam 97 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 88c( — 1/1939) J. H. Fairbanks Co., Bridgewater 289 Whipple's Ea. Yellow 94 Stone Hardware Co., Brockton 528 Golden Sunshine 95 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 88fl — 1 1939) Seder & Gruber, Maynard GEORGE R. PEDRICK & SONS, Pedricktown. X. J. 384 Golden Giant (2) 84 Continental Nurseries, Franklin W. G. PEARSE & CO., Fall River. Mass. 118F Whipple's Yellow 97 W. G. Pearse & Co., Fall River PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 64F Earligold, Lot No., 2731 W 97 Perry Seed Co., Boston 1 103 Sencross Hybrid, Lot No. 261 1 89 Perry Seed Co., Boston JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, X. V. 124F Golden Bantam 96 H. S. Chadbourne & Co., Milford 1140 Sunshine 88 Frank Howard, Inc., Pittsfield ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 183F Market Hybrid 98 Ross Bros. Co., Worcester 184F Golden Sunshine, Lot No. 40-1396 98 Ross Bros. Co., Worcester 782 Golden Bantam 97 W. C. Matteson Hardware Co., Blackstone THORNTON & CROUCH, Lawrence. Mass. 1046 Golden Sunshine 93 Thornton & Crouch. Lawrence JOHN B. VARICK CO., Manchester. X. H. 552F Stowell's Evergreen 99 L. L. Peavey Co., Newburyport F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 152F Whipple's, Lot No. 12970 97 Middlesex County Farm Bureau, Waltham 154F Golden Cross Bantam, No. 12969 98 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 95 <7r — 12 1938) Middlesex County Farm Bureau. Waltham 764 Early Yellow Sensation 95 D. J. Mahoney Hardware Co., Bradford S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS, Orange, Conn. 272F Golden Sunshine 88 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 88^,-12 1938) J. H. Fairbanks Co., Bridgewater 406 Bantam Evergreen 80 Monroe's Seed Market. Attleboro June June June June July July June July June July July June June June July July June June June 60 CONTROL SERIES No. 102 1939 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued Germination Month Lab. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Found of Test No. Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected % 1939 CRESS Standard Germination: Curled. 70% LAKE SHORE SEED CO.. Dunkirk. N. Y. 794 Curled 43 July Uxbridge Hardware Co., Uxbridge F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 841 Curled (2) 49 June Treat Hardware Co., Lawrence CUCUMBER Standard Germination 80% JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, CORP.. Boston. Mass. 83F Davis Perfect, Lot No. 9052 R 93 May Joseph Breck & Sons, Corp., Boston COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield. Conn. 286 Arlington White Spine 96 May Sargent Grain & Supply Co., Brockton 677 Improved Long Green 81 July Mansfield Lumber Co., Mansfield EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield. Mass. 9F Straight Eight, No. 618 94 May (Wholesaler's Germination Test 80%— 12/1938) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Springfield THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston. Mass. 165F Straight Eight 97 May Thomas W. Emerson Co., Boston 509 Improved White Spine 98 May Parker Hardware Co., Maynard FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit. Mich. 661 Improved Long Green 97 July Monroe's Seed Market, Attleboro 1076 Long Green 94 July Economy Hardware Store, Peabody FREDONIA SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 241 Improved Long Green 95 May Charles F. Stone Co., Dorchester G. W. GARDINER & SONS. Fall River, Mass. 1058 Davis Perfect 91 July G. W. Gardiner & Sons, Fall River GOOD SEED CO.. Fredonia, N. Y. 825 White Spine 90 July Bradstreet School, No. Andover THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 46F Straight Eight 96 May Thomas J. Grey Co., Boston JOSEPH HARRIS CO., INC., Coldwater, N. Y. 33F Straight Eight, No. 815 98 May (Wholesaler's Germination Test 99%— 1939) Joseph Harris Co., Inc., Cambridge CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 969 Improved Long Green 84 July Berkshire Hardware & Farm Equipment Co., No. Adams BUDD D. HAWKINS. Reading, Vt. 139F Improved Long Green 87 May I. B. Barrows, Worcester SEED INSPECTION 61 1939 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued Germination Month Found of Test 01 'O 1939 Lab. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and No. Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected CUCUMBER— Concluded LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk. N. Y. 197 Improved Long Green 40 May (Wholesaler's Germination Test 85%— 12 1938) Ricard Grain Co., New Bedford MICHAEL LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago, 111. 1008 Improved Long Green 89 July (Wholesaler's Germination Test 90%— 12/1938) Grown in Colorado 1938 W. E. Aubuchon Co., Worcester O. B. PARKS CO., Westfield, Mass. 1124 Boston Pickling 95 July O. B. Parks Co., Westfield PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 6SF Straight Eight, No. 3012 R 91 May Perry Seed Co., Boston JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. V. 121F Long Green Imp. HL 81 May H. S. Chadbourne & Co., Milford 753 Improved Long Green 88 July Leavitt's Sport Shop, Haverhill ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 181F Long Green 96 May Ross Bros. Co., Worcester 787 Long Green 94 July Farm & Garden Supply Co., Uxbridge F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 146F Woodruff's Hybrid 8-95 95 May (Wholesaler's Germination Test 91% — 10 1938) Middlesex County Farm Bureau, Waltham 705 Improved Long Green 84 July Waldron Hardware Co., Taunton S. D. WOODRUFF & SON, Orange, Conn. 666 White Spine 89 July (Wholesaler's Germination Test Approx. 90f< — 2 1938) Monroe's Seed Market, Attleboro DANDELION Standard Germination 55% EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass. 1018 Arlington Broadleaf, Lot No. 2419 64 June (Wholesaler's Germination Test 70^— 1 1039 1 Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Worcester THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 1042 Large Leaf (2) 0 June Waters & Brown, Salem CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield. Conn. 1128 Improved Giant Thick Leaf 28 June (Wholesaler's Germination Test 50^ — 1939) Charles A. Hermason, Otis EGG PLANT Standard Germination 60% EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass. 1017 New Hampshire Hybrid, No. 2419 91 June (Wholesaler's Germination Test 75%— 12/1938) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Worcester 62 CONTROL SERIES No. 102 1939 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS VEGETABLES — Continued Continued Lab. No. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Germination Month Found of Test % 1939 1194 1176 1006 1210 1102 707 EGG PLANT— Concluded FERRY-MORSE SEED CO.. Detroit. Mich. Improved Long Purple 91 June Carlisle Hardware Co.. Springfield FRASER'S, Wellesley. Mass. Black Beauty 80 June (Wholesaler's Germination Test 85%— 1/1939) Fraser's, Wellesley THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. Black Beauty 71 June Thomas J. Grey Co., Boston NORTHRUP, KING & CO., Minneapolis, Minn. N. Y. Spineless (Packed 1939) 68 June Peirson Hardware Co., Pittsfield PERRY SEED CO.. Boston, Mass. Black Beauty, Lot No. 3099 H 83 June Perry Seed Co., Boston ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. New York Purple 80 June Ross Bros. Co., Boston JOSEPH SORDILLO & SONS, Boston. Mass. New York State European Seed 80 June Joseph Sordillo & Sons, Boston F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. Black Beauty 77 May Waldron Hardware Co., Taunton ENDIVE Standard Germination 70% W. E. AUBUCHON CO., Worcester, Mass. 1007 Broad Leaved Batavian, Gr. in California 1938 89 June (Wholesaler's Germination Test 80% — 12/1938) W. E. Aubuchon Co., Worcester COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 285 Green Curled 86 May- Sargent Grain & Supply Co., Brockton FERRY-MORSE SEED CO.. Detroit, Mich. 1 195 Broad Leaved Batavian 76 June Carlisle Hardware Co., Springfield BUDD D. HAWKINS, Reading, Vt. 863 Green Curled 92 June Montgomery Hardware Co., Ayer LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. V. 640 Green Curled 97 May Coggers, Florist, Saugus F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 762 Broad Leaved 92 MaV D. J. Mahoney Hardware Co., Bradford KALE Standard Germination 75% LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk. N. Y. 703 Dwarf or Borecole -" August (Wholesaler's Germination Test Approx. 75% — 1938) The Weir Grain Co.. Taunton F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford. Conn. 766 Imp. Dwarf Green Curled Scotch (2) 68 July Haverhill Hardware & Supply Co., Haverhill SEED INSPECTION 63 1939 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS VEGETABLES — Continued Continued Lab. No. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Germination Month Found of Test 07 /o 1939 KOHL RABI Standard Germination 75% EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass. 1021 White Vienna 18 A 1618 94 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 95%— 12/1938) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Worcester LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. V. 1129 Ea. White Vienna 95 Lewis George, Gr. Barrington July June LEEK Standard Germination 60rT PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 1106 Musselburgh or Carentan, Lot No. 3280 FM 85 Perry Seed Co., Boston ROSS BROS. CO.. Worcester, Mass. 1168 Broadleaf 88 Ross Bros. Co., Worcester June June LETTUCE Standard Germination 80' , JOSEPH BRECK & SONS. CORP., Boston. Mass. 84F Black Seeded Tennisball, No. 9029 F 94 Joseph Breck & Sons, Corp., Boston 396 Big Boston (2) 2 A. T. Chase Corp., Dedham 536 N. Y. or Iceberg 97 D. Cashman Hardware Co., Newburyport 756 Black Seeded Tennisball 91 Ellison Coal & Grain Co., Haverhill COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 203F New York, No. 12 92 Ricard Grain Co., New Bedford 280 Boston Market (2) 1 Sargent Grain & Supply Co., Brockton 281 Iceberg (2) 64 Sargent Grain & Supply Co , Brockton EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass. 10F Imperial 847 93 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 90%— 12/1938) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Springfield 1015 New York, No. 12 2013 1718 94 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 90%— 12 1938) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Worcester 1016 Imperial 847, No. 719 95 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 95%— 12/1938) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Worcester THOMAS W. EMERSON CO.. Boston, Mass. 166F Boston Market 76 Thomas W. Emerson Co., Boston 167 New York 99 Thomas W. Emerson Co., Boston 791 Iceberg 91 Uxbridge Hardware Co., Uxbridge May May May May May May May May June June July May May 64 CONTROL SERIES No. 102 1939 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS VEGETABLES — Continued Continued Lab. No. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Germination Month Found of Test % 1939 LETTUCE— Continued THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 796 Simpson Early Curled 97 O. M. Kindler Hardware Co., Webster EMPIRE SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 810 Early Curly Simpson 40 N. Archer Groceries, West Andover FOSTER FARRAR CO., Northampton, Mass. 1 152 Imperial, No. 847 99 Foster Farrar Co., Northampton FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. 339 Black Seeded Tennisball 25 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 85% — 1/1939) Fraser's, Wellesley 1177 White Big Boston 82 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 85% — 1/1939) Fraser's, Wellesley FREDONIA SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 242 Black Seeded Simpson 97 Charles F. Stone Hardware Co., Dorchester 644 Black Seeded Simpson 92 Macey's Market, Amesbury 1216 Big Boston 89 Berkshire Hardware Co., Inc., Pittsfield G. W. GARDINER & SONS, Fall River, Mass. 102F Black Seeded Tennisball 84 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 87% — 1/1939) G. W. Gardiner & Sons, Fall River 108F Imperial 847 96 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 94% — 2/1939) G. W. Gardiner & Sons, Fall River GOOD SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 732 Prizehead — Early Loose Leaf 86 L. Z. Thomas School, So. Hanson 735 Grand Rapids 91 L. Z. Thomas School, So. Hanson J. J. H. GREGORY & SON, Marblehead, Mass. 1068 New York, No. 12 91 J. J. H. Gregory & Son, Marblehead THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 47G Black Seeded Tennisball 86 Thomas J. Grey Co., Boston JOSEPH HARRIS CO., INC., Coldwater, N. Y. 20F Imperial 847— No. 653 97 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 99% — 1939) Joseph Harris Co., Inc., Cambridge CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 456 Big Boston (2) 20 Hammond Hardware Co., Attleboro 861 Simpson's Early Curled 69 Montgomery Hardware Co., Ayer BUDD D. HAWKINS, Reading, Vt. 862 Black Seeded Tennisball 94 Montgomery Hardware Co., Ayer LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 189F Big Boston 81 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 80% — 12^1938) Serafino Tarini, New Bedford May July June May June May May June May May May May June May May June July June May SEED INSPECTION 65 1939 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued Lab. No. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Germination Month Found of Test % 1939 LETTUCE— Continued LAKE SHORE SEED CO.. Dunkirk. N. V. 412 Green Icehead 89 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 85%. 1938— Packed for 1939) W. G. Moses, Bridgewater D. LANDRETH SEED CO., Bristol. Pa. 748 New York, No. 12 96 Staples Hardware Co., Haverhill MICHAEL LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago, 111. 134F Prizehead (California seed) 1 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 85%— 12/1938) W. E. Aubuchon Co., Milford 517 Black Seeded Simpson (Grown in California) 92 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 85%) W. E. Aubuchon Co., Maynard 518 Big Boston (Grown in California^ 78 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 85%— 12/ 1938) W. E. Aubuchon Co., Maynard NORTHRUP, KING & CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 1037 Big Boston 83 B. F. Hill Co., Salem THE PAGE SEED CO., Greene. N. Y. 290 Iceberg 75 Stone Hardware Co., Brockton 1225 Early Prizehead 98 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 85%— 1938. Packed for 1939) Carr Hardware Co., Pittsfield O. B. PARKS CO., Westfield. Mass. 1120 Special N. Y 75 O. B. Parks Co.. Westfield W. G. PEARSE & CO.. Fall River. Mass. 1 13F N. Y. Wonderful 86 W. G. Pearse & Co., Fall River GEORGE R. PEDRICK & SONS, Pedricktown, N. J. 386 Boston Market 77 Continental Nurseries, Franklin PERRY SEED CO.. Boston, Mass. 66F N. Y. 847, Lot No. 3422 R 96 Perry Seed Co., Boston 1098 Perry's Cabbage Head, No. 3382 92 Perry Seed Co., Boston JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 752 Iceberg, New York Improved 76 Leavitt's Sport Shop, Haverhill 1142 Big Boston 81 Frank Howard, Inc., Pittsfield ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 185F Black Seeded Tennisball 89 Ross Bros. Co., Worcester 186F New York, No. 12 94 Ross Bros. Co., Worcester 786 Iceberg 85 Farm & Garden Supply Co., Uxbridge JOSEPH SORDILLO & SONS, Boston, Mass. 989 Tennisball — European Seed 37 Joseph Sordillo & Sons, Boston May May May May May- June June June July- May June May June May June May May May June 66 CONTROL SERIES No. 102 1939 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued Lab. No. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Germination Found Month of Test 1939 LETTUCE— Concluded STERLING SEED CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 700 Prizehead 85 (Packed for 1939) J. J. Newberry Co., Whitman THORNTON & CROUCH, Lawrence, Mass. 1048 N. Y. Wonderful 55 Thornton & Crouch, Lawrence VAUGHAN'S SEED STORE, New York 636 Big Boston 95 Cogger's, Florist, Saugus F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 147F White Boston 1-6189— Unrivalled 70 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 90%— 12/1938) Middlesex County Farm Bureau, Waltham 424 Big Boston 80 Winer's Hardware Store, Weymouth S. D. WOODRUFF & SON, Orange, Conn. 664 May King 21 Monroe's Seed Market, Attleboro WHOLESALER UNKNOWN 659 New York, No. 12— Special 60 Monroe's Seed Market, Attleboro MUSKMELON Standard Germination 80% COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 450 Bender's Surprise (2) 77 Wm. F. Flynn Hardware Co., Attleboro EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass. 1026 Hale's Best, No. 112, Lot No. 21 A 39018 90 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 80%— 12/1938) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Worcester J. J. H. GREGORY & SON, Marblehead, Mass. 1073 Lake Champlain 66 J. J. H. Gregory & Son, Marblehead F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 725 Bender's Surprise 87 Farm Service Stores, Middleboro ONIONS Standard Germination 75% JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, CORP., Boston, Mass. 85F Yellow Globe Danvers, Lot No. 9156 F 75 Joseph Breck & Sons, Corp., Boston EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass. 11F Utah Valencia, Lot No. 4219 92 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 90%— 12/1938) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Springfield THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 799 Red Wethersfield (2) 2 O. M. Kindler Hardware Co., Webster FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich 660 Red Wethersfield 76 Monroe's Seed Market, Attleboro FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. 1178 Yellow Globe Danvers 88 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 90% — 1/1939) Fraser's. Wellesley May June May May May May June June July June July June May June June June SEED INSPECTION 67 1939 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued Lab. No. Wholesale Distributor. Kind of Seed and Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Germination Month Found of Test % 1939 ONIONS— Continued FREDONIA SEED CO.. Fredonia, N. V. 1218 Yellow Globe Danvers 85 June Berkshire Hardware Co., Inc., Pittsfield THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 48F Danvers Yel. Globe Selected Strain 95 May Thomas J. Grey Co., Boston JOSEPH HARRIS CO., INC., Coldwater, N. Y. 27F Riverside Sweet Spanish, No. 726 94 May (Wholesaler's Germination Test 84^—1939) Joseph Harris Co., Inc., Cambridge CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 1213 White Globe 89 June Berkshire Hardware Co., Inc., Pittsfield 1215 Yellow Globe Danvers (2) 73 July Berkshire Hardware Co., Inc., Pittsfield BUDD D. HAWKINS, Reading, Vt. 879 Yellow Globe Danvers 84 June C. F. Maynard, Pepperell LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 196 Large Yellow Danvers 9 June (Wholesaler's Germination Test 65<~c — 12 1938) Ricard Grain Co., New Bedford MICHAEL LEONARD SEED CO.. Chicago, 111. 519 Yellow Globe Danvers — Grown in Idaho 1938 72 June (Wholesaler's Germination Test 85 r; — 12 / 1938) W. E. Aubuchon Co.. Maynard 1009 Yellow Globe Danvers 60 June (Wholesaler's Germination Test 85%— 12 1938) W. E. Aubuchon Co., Worcester THE PAGE SEED CO., Greene. X. Y. 1223 Prizetaker 97 June (Wholesaler's Germination Test 80<"< . 1938— Packed for 1939) Carr Hardware Co., Pittsfield O. B. PARKS CO., Westfield, Mass. 1121 Danvers Yellow Globe 63 June O. B. Parks Co., Westfield PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 67F Ailsa Craig 4557 FM 96 May Perry Seed Co., Boston JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 125F Yellow Globe Danvers 88 May H. S. Chadbourne & Co., Milford 1 145 Southport Yellow Globe 56 June Frank Howard, Inc., Pittsfield ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 1166 Early Yellow Globe 95 June Ross Bros. Co., Worcester THORNTON & CROUCH, Lawrence. Mass. 1049 Prizetaker 73 June Thornton & Crouch, Lawrence F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 1035 Yellow Globe Danvers (2) 62 July B. F. Hill Co., Salem 1205 Southport White Globe (2) 46 July Peirson Hardware Co., Pittsfield S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS, Orange, Conn. 665 White Silver Skin 94 June Monroe's Seed Market, Attleboro Germination Month Found of Test % 1939 68 CONTROL SERIES No. 102 1939 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Con.inued VEGETABLES — Continued Lab. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and No. Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected ONIONS— Concluded WHOLESALER UNKNOWN 397 White Portugal 33 June Brownell Hardware Co., Attleboro PARSLEY Standard Germination 60% CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 1212 Moss Curled 64 June Berkshire Hardware Co., Inc., Pittsfield LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 354 Plain Semplice 16 June Bliss Hardware Co., Plymouth MICHAEL LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago, 111. 136F Champion Moss Curled 65 May (Wholesaler's Germination Test 75%— 12/1938) W. E. Aubuchon Co., Milford JOSEPH SORDILLO & SONS, Boston, Mass. 992 Italian European Seed 93 June Joseph Sordillo & Sons, Boston F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 622 Hamburg Rooted 75 May J. B. Sibley & Son, Ware PARSNIPS Standard Germination 60% JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, CORP., Boston, Mass. 86F Hollow Crown, Lot No. 9233 X 75 May Joseph Breck & Sons, Corp., Boston 537 Golden Crown 50 July D. Cashman Hardware Co., Newburyport COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield. Conn. 206F Champion Hollow Crown 88 May (Wholesaler's Germination Test 78%— 1939) Ricard Grain Co., New Bedford EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass. 1 2F Improved Hollow Crown, No. 618 79 May (Wholesaler's Germination Test 80%— 12/1938) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Springfield THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 168F Cooper's Champion Hollow Crown 83 May Thomas W. Emerson Co., Boston 915 Hollow Crown 60 June Lincoln Sq., Paint & Hardware Co., Worcester EMPIRE SEED CO.. Fredonia. N. Y. 814 Hollow Crown 2 July N. Archer Groceries, West Andover FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit. Mich. 1201 Hollow Crown ■ 79 June Carlisle Hardware Co., Springfield FREDONIA SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 1217 Hollow Crown 87 June Berkshire Hardware Co., Inc., Pittsfield G. W. GARDINER & SONS. Fall River, Mass. 1059 Guernsey 90 June G. W. Gardiner & Sons, Fall River SEED INSPECTION 69 1939 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS VEGETABLES — Continued Continued Lab. No. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Germination Month Found of Test % 1939 PARSNIPS— Continued J. J. H. GREGORY & SON, Marblehead, Mass. 1036 Abbott's Yellow Crowned, Lot No. 1013 (2) 2 B. F. Hill Co., Salem THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 49F Arlington Long Smooth 82 Thomas J. Grey Co., Boston JOSEPH HARRIS CO., INC.. Coldwater. N. Y. 23F Harris' Model 83 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 88% — 1939) Joseph Harris Co., Inc., Cambridge CHARLES C. HART SEED CO.. Wethersfield, Conn. 835 Champion Hollow Crown 73 H. K. Webster, Lawrence BUDD D. HAWKINS, Reading, Vt. 141 F Improved Hollow Crown 48 I. B. Barrows, Worcester LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk. N. Y. 410 Hollow Crown 7 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 60%— 1938— Packed for 1939) W. G. Moses, Bridgewater 809 Hollow Crown 0 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 60% — 12 1937) Casey's Pharmacy, Lawrence D. LANDRETH SEED CO.. Bristol, Pa. 745 Hollow Crown 70 Staples Hardware Co., Haverhill MICHAEL LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago, 111. 859 Improved Hollow Crown 82 F. X. Robichaud, Methuen THE PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. 293 Hollow Crown 52 Stone Hardware Co., Brockton W. G. PEARSE & CO., Fall River, Mass. 114F Hollow Crown 69 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 54% — ) W. G. Pearse & Co., Fall River GEORGE R. PEDRICK & SON, Pedricktown, X. J. 388 Hollow Crown 83 Continental Nurseries, Franklin PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 1099 Hollow Crown, Lot No. 4800 66 Perry Seed Co., Boston JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 126F Hollow Crown— TS 60 H. S. Chadbourne & Co., Milford ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester. Mass. 187F Hollow Crown 91 Ross Bros. Co., Worcester 783 Hollow Crown 72 W. C. Matteson Hardware Co., Blackstone JOSEPH SORDILLO & SONS, Boston, Mass. 987 Long Smooth (European Seed) 0 Joseph Sordillo & Sons, Boston THORNTON & CROUCH, Lawrence, Mass. 1050 Hollow Crown 62 Thornton & Crouch, Lawrence June May May June June May June May June May May May June May May May June June 70 CONTROL SERIES No. 102 1939 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS VEGETABLES — Continued Continued Lab. No. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Germination Month Found of Test % 1939 PARSNIPS— Concluded F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford. Conn. 148F All American 1-9101 75 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 74% — 11/1938) Middlesex County Farm Bureau, Waltham 1204 Hollow Crown 72 Peirson Hardware Co., Pittsfield WHOLESALER UNKNOWN 401 Hollow Crown 58 Brownell Hardware Co., Attleboro May June May PEAS Standard Germination 80% JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, CORP., Boston, Mass. 539 Hundredfold 96 D. Cashman Hardware Co., Newburyport 759 Sutton's Excelsior 95 E. E. Bryant & Co., Hardware, Bradford W. ATLEE BURPEE CO., Philadelphia. Pa. 758 Blue Bantam 95 E. E. Bryant & Co., Hardware, Bradford COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield. Conn. 222 Gradus 95 A. G. Patch Co., Boston 277 Thomas Laxton 81 Sargent's Grain & Supply Co., Brockton 398 Blue Bantam 97 Brownell Hardware Co., Attleboro EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass. 1013 World Record, Lot No. 1119 91 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 90% — 12/1938) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Worcester 1014 Alderman Wrinkled, Lot No. 25 H 11117 80 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 85%— 12/1938) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Worcester THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 503 Telephone 87 United Cooperative Society. Maynard 512 Gradus 80 Parker Hardware Co., Maynard 795 Telephone 96 W. R. Wallis, East Douglas FOSTER FARRAR CO.. Northampton. Mass. 1 156 Premium Gem 76 Foster Farrar Co., Northampton FRASER'S, Wellesley. Mass. 1 184 Laxton's Progress 96 Fraser's Wellesley G. W. GARDINER & SONS, Fall River, Mass. 107F Gradus 94 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 90%— 1/1939) G. W. Gardiner & Sons, Fall River J. J. H. GREGORY & SON. Marblehead. Mass. 1066 Pioneer 93 J. J. H. Gregory & Son, Marblehead June June June June June June June June June June June June June June June SEED INSPECTION" 71 1939 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued Lab. No. Wholesale Distributoi . Kind of Seed and Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Germination Month Found of Test /o 1939 PEAS — Continued THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston. Mass. 1004 Alderman 85 Thomas J. Grey Co., Boston JOSEPH HARRIS CO., INC., Coldwater. N. V. 906 Laxton's Progress 94 (Wholesaler's Germination 96%) Joseph Harris Co., Inc.. Cambridge CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 319 Dwarf Telephone 95 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 90%— 1 1939> Faneuil Florist, 26 Dock Sq., Boston 737 Laxton's Progress 93 Benjamin Long, Pembroke 832 Potlach 93 H. K. Webster, Lawrence D. LANDRETH SEED CO., Bristol. Pa. 746 Laxtonian 87 Staples Hardware Co., Haverhill MICHAEL LEONARD SEED CO.. Chicago. 111. 515 Sutton's Excelsior, Grown in Idaho 1938 . . . 91 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 90%— 12 1938) W. E. Aubuchon Co., Inc., Maynard 901 Laxton's Progress 90 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 90% — 12 1938) United Cooperative Farmers, Inc., Fitchburg THE PAGE SEED CO.. Greene, N. V. 288 Gradus . .... 88 Stone Hardware Co., Brockton 527 Dark Podded Telephone 89 Seder & Gruber, Maynard 1227 Gradus 80 (Wholesaler's Germination Test Approx. 85rj — 1 1939) Ford & Parker, Dalton O. B. PARKS CO., Westfield, Mass. 1118 Gradus 68 O. B. Parks Co., Westfield W. G. PEARSE & CO., Fall River. Mass. 1063 Gradus 94 W. G. Pearse & Co.. Fall River GEORGE R. PEDRICK & SONS, Pedricktown. X. J. 385 Gradus (2) 81 Continental Nurseries, Franklin PERRY SEED CO . Boston, Mass. 1095 Alderman. Lot No. 5558-W 94 Perry Seed Co., Boston JEROME B. RICE SEED CO.. Cambridge. X. V. 127 Laxton's Progress 89 H. S. Chadbourne & Co.. Milford 1138 Hundredfold 97 Frank Howard, Inc., Pittsfield 1 139 Gradus 87 Frank Howard, Inc., Pittsfield ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 781 Gradus 77 W. C. Matteson Hardware Co.. Blackstone 1164 Laxtonian 97 Ross Bros. Co.. Worcester June June June June June June June June June June June July June June June June June June June June 72 CONTROL SERIES No. 102 1939 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued Lab. No. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Germination Found Month of Test 1939 PEAS— Concluded ROSS. BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 1 165 Telephone 92 June Ross Bros. Co., Worcester THORNTON & CROUCH, Lawrence, Mass. 1047 Laxton's Progress 85 June Thornton & Crouch, Lawrence JOHN B. VARICK CO., Manchester, N. H. 880 Dwarf Telephone 83 July (Wholesaler's Germination Test 90%) R. F. Powell Hardware Co., Townsend F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 425 Thomas Laxton 92 June (Wholesaler's Germination Test 89%— 1/1939) Winer's Hardware Store, Weymouth 706 Laxtonian 91 June Waldron Hardware Co., Taunton F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 765 Laxton's Progress <(0 June D. J. Mahoney Hardware Co.. Bradford 958 Sutton's Excelsior (2) 72 June W. D. Miller Co.. East Northfield S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS, Orange. Conn. 405 Blue Bantam 83 June Monroe's Seed Market, Attleboro 740 Dwarf Champion 92 June (Wholesaler's Germination Test 90%— 12/1938) H. F. Davis, Hardware Co., Merrimac WHOLESALER UNKNOWN 1065 Sutton's ExceUior 64 July E. K. Murphy Hardware Co., Marblehead PEPPERS Standard Germination 60% JOSEPH BRECK & SONS. CORP., Boston. Mass. 87 California Wonder. Lot No. 9161 93 May Joseph Breck & Sons, Corp., Boston COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 773 Large Bull Nose (2) ' 56 July Villeneuve Hardware Co., Inc., Haverhill EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass. 13 California Wonder, Lot No. 26 C 1615 79 May (Wholesaler's Germination Test 70%— 12/1938) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Springfield THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 169 California Wonder 82 May Thomas W. Emerson Co., Boston FERRY-MORSE SEED CO , Detroit, Mich. 663 Sweet— World Beater 89 May Monroe's Seed Market, Attleboro 1200 California Wonder 92 Jun* Carlisle Hardware Co., Springfield FRASER'S, Wellesley. Mass. 1040 World Beater 85 June (Wholesaler's Germination Test 90%— 1/1939) B. F. Hill Co., Salem THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston. Mass. 50 California Wonder 87 May Thomas J. Grey Co., Boston SEED INSPECTION 73 1939 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued Lab. No. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Germination Month Found of Test % 1939 PEPPERS— Concluded JOSEPH HARRIS CO.. INC., Coldwater, N. Y. 30 Harris Wonder, Lot No. 604 92 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 92% — 1939) Joseph Harris Co., Inc., Cambridge LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 353 Red Bell or Bull Nose 23 Bliss Hardware Co., Plymouth D. LANDRETH SEED CO.. Bristol, Pa. 744 World Beater 64 Staples Hardware Co., Haverhill NORTHRUP. KING & CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 1 208 Large Sweet Spanish 46 (Packed for 1939) Peirson Hardware Co., Pittsfield W. G. PEARSE & CO., Fall River, Mass. 115 California Wonder 94 W. G. Pearse & Co., Fall River PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 68 California Wonder, No. 5030 H 97 Perry Seed Co., Boston ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 180 Bullnose 96 Ross Bros. Co., Worcester May May May June May May May PUMPKIN Standard Germination 75% THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 798 Sweet or Sugar (2) 67 O. M. Kindler Hardware Co., Webster CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield. Conn. 1135 Small Sugar 79 F. H. Turner & Co., Hardware, Gt. Barrington F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Mi'.ford. Conn. 771 Small Sugar or Pie 94 Haverhill Hardware & Supply Co., Haverhill S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS. Orange, Conn. 982 Small Sugar, Lot No. 1868 79 Waskiewicz Bros., Hadley July July July July RADISH Standard Germination 80% JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, CORP., Boston 538 French Breakfast 96 D. Cashman Hardware Co.. Newburyport 760 Scarlet Globe 93 E. E. Bryant & Co., Hardware, Haverhill COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield. Conn. 402 Early Scarlet, Turnip Rooted 91 Brownell Hardware Co., Attleboro THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston. Mass. 506 Early Scarlet Olive Shaped 78 United Cooperative Society, Maynard 792 French Breakfast 94 Uxbridge Hardware Co., Uxbridge May June May June June 74 CONTROL SERIES No. 102 1939 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued Lab No. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Germination Found Month of Test 1939 1028 643 1220 1062 734 826 1074 RADISH— Continued EMPIRE SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. Early Scarlet Globe 46 N. Archer Groceries, N. Andover EASTERN STATES FARMERS- EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass. Early Scarlet Globe, Lot No. 16219 100 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 90%— 1/1939) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Worcester FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. Early Scarlet Turnip White Tipped 93 Monroe's Seed Market, Attleboro FRASER'S, Wellesley. Mass. Special Early Scarlet Globe 99 (Wholesaler's Germination Test Approx. 95% — 1 '1939) O. M. Kindler Hardware Co., Webster FREDONIA SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. Early Scarlet White Tipped 98 Macey's Market. Amesbury Early Round Red 92 Berkshire Hardware Co., Inc., Pittsfield G. W. GARDINER & SONS, Fall River, Mass. Radish (6) 83 G. W. Gardiner & Sons, Fall River GOOD SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. Early Scarlet Turnip 98 L. Z. Thomas School, So. Hanson Early Scarlet Turnip White Tip 94 Bradstreet School, No. Andover J. J. H. GREGORY & SON, Marblehead, Mass. Scarlet Globe, No. 1092 73 J. J H. Gregory & Son, Marblehead CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. Early White Tipped Scarlet (2) 5 Berkshire Hardware Co., Inc., Pittsfield LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. Early Red Turnip 89 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 85%— 12 1938) Serafino Tarini, New Bedford June June June June June June June June June July June May 291 D. LANDRETH SEED CO., Bristol, Pa. French Breakfast Staples Hardware Co., Haverhill 94 NORTHRUP, KING & CO., Minneapolis, Minn. French Breakfast 82 (Packed for 1939) B. F. Hill Co., Salem THE PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. Early Scarlet Globe 99 Stone Hardware Co.. Brockton June June May 387 701 1053 GEORGE R. PEDRICK & SONS, Pedricktown, N. J. French Breakfast (2) Continental Nurseries, Franklin 40 STICKLING SEED CO., Minneapolis, Minn. French Breakfast 81 (Packed for 1939) J. J Newberry Co., Whitman THORNTON & CROUCH, Lawrence, Mass. Vick's Scarlet Globe 82 Thornton & Crouch, Lawrence June June June SEED INSPECTION 75 1939 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS VEGETABLES — Continued Continued Lab. No Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Germination Month Found of Test 1939 RADISH— Concluded 635 727 890 1207 VAUGHAN'S SEED STORE, N. V. Icicle Cogger's, Florist, Saugus F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS. Milford, Conn. Scarlet Globe Farm Service Store, Middleboro French Breakfast (2) Webber Hardware Co., Fitchburg Rosy Gem Peirson Hardware Co., Pittsfield July 96 June 67 June 93 June RUTABAGA Standard Germination 7^ JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, CORP.. Boston. Mass. 88F Skirving's Purple Top, No. 9186 F 96 Joseph Breck & Sons, Corp., Boston COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 448 Macomber 36 Wm. F. Flynn Hardware Co., Attleboro EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield. Mass. 14F L. I. Neckless Purple Top, No. 5119. 91 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 85r;— 2 1939) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Springfield THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 5 1 4 American Purple Top 91 Parker Hardware Co., Maynard G. W. GARDINER & SONS, Fall River. Mass. 106 Macomber 93 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 90r;— 1 1939) G. W. Gardiner & Sons, Fall River. JOSEPH HARRIS CO., INC., Coldwater, N. V. 25F Improved Long Island Special Neckless Strain 89 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 92' ", — 1939) Joseph Harris Co., Inc.. Cambridge CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 1226 Macomber 47 Carr Hardware Co., Pittsfield D. LANDRETH SEED CO.. Bristol. Pa. 1 190 Improved Yellow Fleshed Purple Top 88 P. A. Richard Hardware Co., Spencer NORTHRUP, KING & CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 1039 American Purple Top 86 (Packed for 1939) B. F. Hill Co.. Salem O. B. PARKS CO.. Westfield, Mas^. 1122 St. Andrew 39 O. B. Parks Co., Westfield PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 69F American Purple Top Improved, No. 7133 CT 84 Perry Seed Co., Boston July July July July July July July July July July July SALSIFY Standard Germination 70' , EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHAXGE.JSpringfield, Mass. 1020 Mammoth Sandwich Island 31 A 1325 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 85r;— 1 1939) Eastern States Farmers' E-\-change. Worcester June 76 CONTROL SERIES No. 102 1939 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued Germination Month Found of Test % 1939 Lab. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and No. Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected SALSIFY— Concluded FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 1 199 Mammoth Sandwich Island 91 June (Packed for 1939) Carlisle Hardware Co., Springfield CHARLES C. HART SEED CO.. Wethersfield. Conn. 1122 Mammoth Sandwich Island (7) 0 June Carr Hardware Co., Pittsfield PERRY SEED CO., Boston. Mass. 1105 Mammoth Sandwich Island, No. 5744 92 June Perry Seed Co., Boston SPINACH Standard Germination 60% JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, CORP., Boston, Mass. 89F King of Denmark, No. 8170 82 May Joseph Breck & Sons, Corp., Boston 903 Giant Round Thick Leaf 90 June Fletcher Hardware Co., Watertown W. ATLEE BURPEE CO., Philadelphia, Pa. 751 Nobel 70 June Leavitt's Sport Shop, Haverhill COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 284 Bloomsdale Savoy (2) 51 May Sargent Grain & Supply Co., Brockton EASTERN STATES FARMERS" EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass. 15F Long Standing Bloomsdale, Lot No. 32 D 11017 67 May (Wholesaler's Germination Test 75%— 12/1938) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Springfield THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston. Mass. 170F Summer Savoy 86 May Thomas W. Emerson Co.. Boston 510 Bloomsdale 93 May Parker Hardware Co., Maynard 1078 Bloomsdale Savoy 85 June A. H. Whidden & Son, Inc., Peabody G. W. GARDINER & SONS, Fall River, Mass. 105F Aristocrat, No. 5 86 May G. W. Gardiner & Sons, Fall River THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston. Mass. 52F Long Standing Savoy 88 May Thomas J. Grey Co., Boston JOSEPH HARRIS CO., INC., Coldwater, N. Y. 19F Long Standing Bloomsdale, No. 471 90 May (Wholesaler's Germination Test 84% — ) Joseph Harris Co., Inc., Cambridge CHARLES C. HART SEED CO.. Wethersfield, Conn. 860 Giant Thick Leaf 84 June Montgomery Hardware Co., Ayer LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 198 Round Leaf 23 June (Wholesaler's Germination Test 75%— 12/1938) Ricard Grain Co., New Bedford D. LANDRETH SEED CO., Bristol, Pa. 1191 Bloomsdale Long Standing 61 July P. A. Richard Hardware Co., Spencer SEED INSPECTION 77 1939 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued Lab. No. Wholesale Distributor. Kind of Seed and Variety. Dealer, and Place Collected Germination Found Month of Test 1939 SPINACH— Concluded MICHAEL LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago. 111. 844 Long Standing 91 F. X. Robichaud Co., Methuen W. G. PEARSE & CO., Fall River, Mass. 116F Long Standing Savoy 77 W. G. Pearse & Co., Fall River PERRY SEED CO.. Boston, Mass. 70F Viking, Lot No. 6211— 51G 87 Perry Seed Co., Boston 74F King of Denmark, Lot No. 6104 T 80 Perry Seed Co., Boston JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. V. 120F Round Thick Leaf SE 82 H. S. Chadbourne & Co., Milford ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 182F Bloomsdale Long Standing Spinach 87 Ross Bros. Co., Worcester F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS. Milford. Conn. 149F Bloomsdale Long Standing Savoy, No. 12900 89 Middlesex County Farm Bureau, Waltham S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS, Orange. Conn. 743 Bloomsdale Savoy, No. 1279 85 (Wholesaler's Germination Test Approx. 78%— 12/1938) H. F. Davis Hardware Co., Merrimac June May May May May May May June SQUASH Standard Germination 75' , JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, CORP., Boston, Mass. 90F Giant Summer Straight Neck 9013 R 95 June Joseph Breck & Sons, Corp., Boston EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield. Mass. 16F Ea. Prolific Straight Neck. Lot No. 619 98 June (Wholesaler's Germination Test 90%— 1 /1939) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Springfield 1012 Vermont Hubbard, No. 14918 97 July (Wholesaler's Germination Test 85%— 1/1939) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange. Worcester THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston. Mass. 802 Ea. Summer Crookneck 90 July Harry Seder, Webster FERRY-MORSE SEED CO.. Detroit. Mich. 1 197 Hubbard 93 July Carlisle Hardware Co., Springfield FOSTER FARRAR CO., Northampton, Mass. 1159 Blue Hubbard 100 July Foster Farrar Co., Northampton FRASER'S. Wellesley, Mass. 1179 Warren Turban 83 July (Wholesaler's Germination Test 85%, (Approx. i 1 1939) Fraser's, Wellesley J. J. H. GREGORY & SON, Marblehead, Mass. 1072 Victor ''0 July J. J. H. Gregory & Son, Marblehead THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 53F Blue Hubbard 9* June Thomas J. Grey Co., Boston Germination Month Found of Test % 1939 78 CONTROL SERIES No. 102 1939 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued Lab. Wholesale Distributor. Kind of Seed and No. Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected SQUASH— Concluded JOSEPH HARRIS CO., INC.. Coldwater. N. Y. 22F Ea. Yel. Prolific, No. 681 99 June (Wholesaler's Germination Test 92%— 1939) Joseph Harris Co., Inc., Cambridge CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield Conn. 834 Blue Hubbard 82 July H. K. Webster, Lawrence 970 Giant Summer Crookneck 95 July Berkshire Hardware & Farm Equipment Co., No. Adams D. LANDRETH SEED CO.. Bristol. Pa. 1187 Blue Hubbard 84 July P. A. Richard Hardware Co., Spencer MICHAEL LEONARD SEED CO.. Chicago, 111. 1010 Summer Crookneck 84 July (Wholesaler's Germination Test 85%— 12/1938) Grown in Nebraska 1938 W. E. Aubuchon Co., Inc., Worcester O. B. PARKS CO., Westfield, Mass. 1125 Improved Hubbard 91 July O. B. Parks Co.. Westfield PERRY SEED CO.. Boston, Mass. 71F Ea. Summer Crookneck, Lot No. 6207 R 83 June Perry Seed Co., Boston 1097 Warren Turban, Lot No. 6443-P 98 July Perry Seed Co., Boston JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 1141 Improved Hubbard 86 July Frank Howard, Inc., Pittsfield ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester. Mass. 1163 Golden Hubbard 97 July Ross Bros. Co., Worcester JOSEPH SORDILLO & SONS, Boston, Mass. 994 Italian Marrow 73 July Joseph Sordillo & Sons, Boston F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS. Milford. Conn. 621 Ea. Summer Crookneck 94 July J. B. Sibley & Son, Ware 767 Red or Golden Hubbard 81 July Haverhill Hardware & Supply Co., Haverhill S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS, Orange, Conn. 667 Golden Crook Neck, Lot No. 1626 82 July (Wholesaler's Germination Test Approx. 78% — 12/1938) Monroe's Seed Market. Attleboro SWISS CHARD Standard Germination 65% JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, CORP.. Boston, Mass. 394 Lucullus 86 June A. T Chase Corporation, Dedham COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield. Conn. 678 Lucullus (2) 79 June Mansfield Lumber Co , Mansfield EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass. 1023 Lucullus 10 A 11017 91 June (Wholesaler's Germination Test 86%— 12 L938) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Worcester SEED INSPECTION 79 1939 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued Lab. No. Wholesale Distributor. Kind of Seed and Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Germination Month Found of Test /c 1939 SWISS CHARD— Concluded THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 511 Broad Ribbed Green 94 Parker Hardware Co., Maynard 1043 Lucullus 95 Waters & Brown, Salem FERRY-MORSE SEED CO.. Detroit, Mich. 1 196 Lucullus 97 Carlisle Hardware Co.. Springfield CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 382 Lucullus 98 Cleveland Hardware Co., Walpole LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 350 Sea Kale Beet 75 Bliss Hardware Co., Plymouth MICHAEL LEONARD SEED CO.. Chicago, 111. 843 Silver 69 F. X. Robichaud Co., Methuen THE PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. 1224 Beet 94 (Wholesaler's Germination Test Approx. 80% — 1938) Packed for 1939 Carr Hardware Co., Pittsfield VAUGHANS SEED STORE, N. Y. 633 Cut and Come Again 75 Cogger's, Florist, Saugus F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford. Conn. 769 Broad Rib Green 68 Haverhill Hardware & Supply Co., Haverhill June June June June June June June June June TOMATO Standard Germination 80' . JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, CORP.. Boston. Mass. 91 Bonny Best, No. 9149 F 88 Joseph Breck & Sons, Corp., Boston 755 Bonny Best 83 Ellison Coal & Grain Co , Haverhill COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 208 Marglobe 84 Ricard Grain Co., New Bedford 400 Marglobe 91 Brownell Hardware Co., Attleboro 772 Bonny Best 80 Villeneuve Hardware Co., Inc., Haverhill EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass. 17 Stone 34 C 4324 91 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 85%— 12/1938) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange. Springfield 1022 Pritchard 34 B 12016 93 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 85% — 12/1938) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Worcester THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 1041 Dwarf Champion 89 Waters & Brown, Salem EMPIRE SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 811 Earliana 63 (Wholesaler's Germination Test 50%) N. Archer Groceries. No. Andover July July July July July July July July July 80 CONTROL SERIES Xo. 102 1939 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued Germination Month Lab. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Found of Test No. Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected % 1939 TOMATO— Continued FERRV-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 1202 Marglobe 90 Ju'y Carlisle Hardware Co., Springfield FOSTER FARRAR CO., Northampton, Mass. 1153 Pritchard so Ju'y Foster Farrar Co , Northampton FRASER'S. Wellesley. Mass. 1 180 Master Marglobe 95 July (Wholesaler's Germination Test Approx. 90%— 1 1939) Fraser's, Wellesley FREDONIA SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 1219 Earliana 8f» Ju'y Berkshire Hardware Co., Inc., Pittsfield G. W. GARDINER & SONS, Fall River, Mass. 1055 Ea. Prolific 5" July G. \V. Gardiner & Sons, Fall River J. J. H. GREGORY & SON, Marblehead, Mass. „ , 1069 Stone 82 JuW J. J. H. Gregory & Son, Marblehead THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 54 Bonny Best 94 July Thomas J. Grey Co., Boston JOSEPH HARRIS CO., INC.. Coldwater, N. Y. 24 Rutgers 768 96 JulV (Wholesaler's Germination Test 96% — 1939) Joseph Harris Co., Inc., Cambridge 25 Nystate, No. 746 93 July (Wholesaler's Germination Test 88% — 1939) Joseph Harris Co., Inc.. Cambridge CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 1192 New Stone 81 -,uly VV. C. Ring Hardware Co., Palmer LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 195 Acme w July (Wholesaler's Germination Test 75' ( — 12 1938) Ricard Grain Co., New Bedford MICHAEL LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago, 111. 845 Marglobe 98 July F. X. Robichaud Co., Methuen THE PAGE SEED CO , Greene, N. Y. 292 Bonny Best 95 July Stone Hardware Co., Brockton O. B. PARKS CO., Westfield. Mass. , 1123 Marglobe 88 Ju'y O. B. Parks Co., Westfield W. G. PEARSE & CO., Fall River. Mass. 1064 Dwarf Champion "-' Ju'y W. G. Pearse & Co., Fall River PERRY SEED CO.. Boston. Mass. , , 72 Comet 6554 H 89 Ju'y Perry Seed Co., Boston 1100 Dwarf Stone 667 1-H l)° ->u,y Peny Seed Co., Boston NORTHRUP, KING & CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 1211 Bonny Best s" July (Packed for 1939) Peirson Hardware Co., Pittsfield SEED INSPECTION 81 1939 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS — Continued VEGETABLES — Continued Germination Month Found of Test % 1939 Lab. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and No. Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected TOMATO— Concluded JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. V. 1143 Marglobe 80 July- Frank Howard. Inc., Pittsfield ROSS BROS. CO , Worcester. Mass. 1162 Bonny Best 85 July Ross Bros. Co., Worcester JOSEPH SORDILLO & SONS, Boston, Mass. 990 Ponderosa 88 July Joseph Sordillo & Sons, Boston THORNTON & CROUCH, Lawrence, Mass. 1054 Bonny Best 93 July Thornton & Crouch, Lawrence F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 150 Certified Marglobe, Lot No. 13551 86 July (Wholesaler's Germination Test 91% — Approx. — 12/1938) Middlesex County Farm Bureau, Waltham 763 John Baer 88 July D. J. Mahoney Hardware Co.. Bradford 768 Earli'ana 86 July (Wholesaler's Germination Test 89%— 12/1938) Haverhill Hardware & Supply Co , Haverhill TURNIP Standard Germination 80% JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, CORP., Boston. Mass. 92F Red or Purple Top Strap Leaf. No. 9183 93 July Joseph Breck & Sons, Corp.. Boston EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE. Springfield, Mass. 18F Purple Top White Globe 35 B 1 1 1 5 92 July (Wholesaler's Germination Test 85%— 12/ 1938) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Spiingfield THOMAS W. EMERSON CO.. Boston. Mass. 171F Purple Top White Globe 96 July Thomas W. Emerson Co., Boston 793 White Rock 72 July Uxbridge Hardware Co., Uxbridge FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 1077 Purple Top \\ hite Globe 97 July Economy Hardware Store, Peabody FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. 1181 Early Purple Top Strap Leaf 93 July (Wholesaler's Germination Test 90%— 1939) Fraser's Wellesley J. J. H. GREGORY & SON, Marblehead, Mass. 1075 Purple Top Globe 62 July J. J. H. Gregory & Son, Marblehead THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 55F Purple Top White Globe 91 July- Thomas J. Grey Co., Boston JOSEPH HARRIS CO., INC., Coldwater, N. Y. 21F Purple Top White Globe. No. 588 96 July (Wholesaler's Germination Test 96%) Joseph Harris Co., Inc., Cambridge CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 455 Red Top Strap Leaf 98 July Hammond Hardware Co., Attleboro 82 CONTROL SERIES No. 102 1939 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS VEGETABLES — Continued Continued Lab. No. Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Dealer, and Place Collected Germination Month Found of Test % 1939 TURNIP— Concluded BUDD D. HAWKINS, Reading, Vt. 878 New White Sweet German 86 C. F. Maynard, Pepperell LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 351 Navone 15 Bliss Hardware Co., Plymouth 411 Yellow Globe 97 (Wholesaler's Germination Approx. 85% — 12/1938) (Packed for 1939) W. G. Moses, Bridgewater D. LANDRETH SEED CO., Bristol, Pa. 1186 White Egg 78 P. A. Richard Hardware Co., Spencer W. G. PEARSE & CO., Fall River, Mass. 117F White Egg 97 W. G. Pearse & Co., Fall River PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 73F Purple Top White Globe 7055 C T 94 Perry Seed Co., Boston ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 785 Yellow Globe (2) 48 Farm & Garden Supply Co., Uxbridge F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 726 Purple Top 86 Farm Service Store, Middleboro 889 White Egg 93 Webber Hardware Co , Fitchburg WATERMELON Standard Germination 70% COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 1127 Sweetheart (2) 73 Bryan Hardware Co., Westfield F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 708 Tom Watson 89 Waldron Hardware Co , Taunton July July July July July July July July July June June SEED INSPECTION 83 TYPE AND VARIETY STUDIES OF VEGETABLES Conducted in Conjunction with the Department of Olericulture, Grant B. Snyder, Professor Many people who grow vegetables either on a commercial basis or in the home garden buy their seed from the neighborhood store. These stores and shops in the neighborhood community are, therefore, important sources of garden seeds. The salesmen in such stores very frequently are not well acquainted with variety type, germination, and maturity season of the seeds they sell. In order to check on the performance of packet and bulk seed sold by these merchants, the Department of Olericulture has cooperated with the Seed Laboratory in making germination tests and in checking the trueness to name and performance of samples purchased on the open market by State Seed Inspectors. During the 1939 season 193 lots were planted in the trial grounds, including sweet corn, squash, cucumbers, rutabagas, turnips, parsnips, parsley, onions, carrots, beets, beans, lettuce, spinach, cabbage, and broccoli. The soil of the trial plots was of a sandy loam type. It was fertilized properly and thoroughly prepared prior to seedage or plant setting. The growing season was somewhat variable in that June and July were very dry and August most nearly normal as to rainfall. The dry weather may have had some bearing on seed germination of some of the kinds of vegetables planted. In general the field germination of most lots was sufficient to produce a satis- factory stand of plants. On the other hand, germination of cucumbers was only fair; of parsnips mainly fair to poor; of onions mostly poor; and of carrots fair to good. A rather wide range of germination was noted in the same varieties planted under identical conditions, indicating either poor seed or improper storage conditions in transit or in the store where they were sold. The various lots were mostly within the type range for the variety specified on the seed packet. Some lots showed more variation in type than was desirable, but could not be considered definitely off type. Other lots were definitely not true to type. Only those lots of seed which were found to be slightly or definitely off type are included in the following table. The percentages listed mean actual numbers of plants that were within the type range and developed, for the variety in question, a reasonably satisfactory plant. The source of the seed and the laboratory germin- ation records are to be found in the table on pages 47 to 82, where the lots of seed used in the field tests are identified by the letter "F" added to the laboratory number. Those seeds tested in the field and not included in the following table were found 100% true to type. 84 CONTROL SERIES No. 102 FIELD TESTS OF VEGETABLE SEEDS Lab. No. Kind of Seed and Variety True to Type Percent Remarks 496 F 393 F 287 F 550 F 403 F 77 F 204 F 282 F 343 F 340 F 240 F 100 F 495 F 39 F 34 F 300 F 138 F 190 F 266 F 110 F 59 F 551 F 179 F 143 F 61 F 199 F 205 F 344 F 7 F 161 F 162 F 341 F 249 F 103 F 44 F 140 F 32 F 299 F 191 F 135 F 267 F 221 F 112 F 63 F 123 F 276 F 144 F 145 F 270 F BEANS Sure Crop Wax 98 Long Yellow Six Weeks 0 Pencil Pod Black Wax 96 Ward Kidney Wax 0 Yellow Six Weeks 0 BEETS Crosby's Egyptian, No. 9107 F 96 Early Wonder 92 Detroit Dark Red 96 Crosby's Egyptian 92 Boston Egyptian 92 Detroit Dark Red 92 Crosby s Egyptian 92 Detroit Dark Red 92 Crosby's Egyptian 88 Crosby's Egyptian 96 Detroit Dark Red 92 Detroit Dark Red 96 Extra Early Egyptian Blood Turnip 92 Detroit Dark Red 96 Detroit Dark Red 92 Crosby's Egyptian 88 Crosby's Egyptian 92 Early Wonder 84 Woodruff's Early Wonder 1-094 86 C ABB ACE Penn. State Ballhead No. 1580 85 CARROTS Hutchinson 92 Improved Danvers 92 Improved Long Orange 88 Nantes Long No 2127 96 Chantenay 94 Hutchinson 88 Chantenay 94 Red Cored 90 Danvers Half Long 96 Scarlet Nantes 90 Red Cored Chantenay 94 Nantes 94 Danvers Half Long Stump Rooted 88 Danvers Half Long 96 Improved Long Orange 84 Danveis Half Long 90 Improved Danvers Half Long Chantenay 96 Hutchinson No. 2150 F. M 96 Danvers Half Long 94 Danvers Half Long 96 Hutchinson 1-6172 90 Danvers Half Long 96 Danvers Half Long 96 2% plants with green pods 100% alike, but are Bountiful 2 plants with green pod 100% alike; not Kidney Wax type 100% alike, but are Bountiful 2 plants bolted 4% Swiss Chard Too flattened Too flattened Considerably stump rooted Uniform type, but more like Long Orange than Danvers SEED INSPECTION 85 HELD TESTS OF VEGETABLE SEEDS— Continued Lab. No. Kind of Seed and Variety True to Type Percent Remarks CORN 163 F Marcross 0 LETTUCE 203 F New York No. 12 98 113 F New York 98 186 F New York No. 12 98 PARSNIP 86 F Hollow Crown 9233X 85 1 12 F Improved Hollow Crown 95 168 F Cooper's Champion Hollow Crown 95 23 F Harris Mode) No. 1 1 1 96 141 F Imperial Hollow Crown 92 49 F Arlington Long Smooth 90 1 14 F Hollow Crown 90 126 F Hollow Crown TS 88 PEAS 107 F Gradus 98 RUTABAGA 69 F American Purple Top Imp. 7133 C. T 96 SPINACH 89 F King of Denmark No. 8170 98 15 F Long Standing B2T11017 98 19 F Long Standing Bloomsdale No. 471 96 116 F Long Standing Savoy 98 70 F Viking No. 6211-51G 96 120 F Round Thick Leaf 98 129 F Bloomsdale Long Standing Savoy 96 TURNIP 92 F Red or Purple Top Strap Leaf No. 9183 88 18 ¥ Purple Top White Globe 96 171 F Purple Top White Globe 86 55 F Purple Top White Globe 96 21 F Purple Top White Globe No. 558 92 117 F White Egg 94 73 F Purple Top White Globe 7055CT 90 100% alike, but all 8-rowed Not typical of Marcross Very tall plants Very quick bolting Quick bolting Cut leaf, off color, elongate root White top, elongate root Multiple top, white top, elongate root White top, elongate root Extreme elongate root Very elongated Multiple top, elongate root 86 CONTROL SERIES No. 102 STUDIES OF FLOWER SEEDS Conducted by the Department of Floriculture Clark L. Thayer, Professor For a fourth season the Department of Floriculture has cooperated with the Seed Laboratory in a test to determine the quality of seed sold in retail seed stores, garages, hardware stores, groceries, schools, and other retail outlets. The seeds, which were collected by the State Seed Inspector, were tested for germination and performance under field conditions. Seeds of 224 lots, including 42 genera and packeted by 30 different whole- salers, were classified as follows: Ageratum 6 Helichrysum (Strawflower) 3 Alyssum 6 Iberis (Candytuft) 6 Antirrhinum (Snapdragon) 5 Impatiens (Balsam) 7 Arctotis (African Daisy) 1 Ipomoea (including Morning Glory) .... 6 Calendula 9 Lupinus (Lupine) 4 Calliopsis 1 Matthiola (Stock) 4 Callistephus (Aster) 11 Mirabilis (Four O'Clock) 4 Celosia (including Cockscomb) 3 Papaver (Poppy) 7 Centaurea (including Bachelor Button) ... 11 Petunia 11 Cheiranthus (Wallflower) 1 Phlox 5 Chrysanthemum 2 Portulaca 6 Cleome (Spider Plant) 1 Reseda (Mignonette) 5 Cosmos 9 Rudbeckia 1 Delphinium (Larkspur) 8 Salpiglossis 6 Dianthus (including Carnation and Pink) . 7 Salvia 4 Didicus (Blue Lace Flower) 2 Scabiosa 6 Eschscholtzia (California Poppy) 3 Tagetes (Marigold) 11 Euphorbia (Snow on the Mountain) 1 Tropaeolum (Nasturtium) 11 Gaillardia 4 Verbena 6 Gilia 1 Zinnia 16 Gypsophila (Baby's Breath) 1 Helianthus (Sunflower) 2 TOTAL 224 No germination tests were made in the laboratory on any of the lots of seed collected, since many of the packets contained too small a quantity of seed for both field and laboratory tests. Remarks on germination observed in the field are comparative and not rated on a percentage basis. Conditions for field work were very much better during the past season than in the previous year. Total rainfall for rhe months of June, July, August, and September in 1939 was 12.37 inches as compared with 32.49 inches for the same period in 1938. l The seeds were sown between June 6 and 8, approximately two weeks earlier than in 1938. The date of the first frost in 1939 was October 15, which therefore provided a long growing period. When the number of seeds permitted, rows fifteen feet long were sown. Ger- mination was rated as "good" if the seeds germinated in approximately two- thirds of the row; "fair" between one-third and two-thirds; "poor" for one-third or less. Performance was designated as "satisfactory" if the varieties were true to name, producing only a low percentage of plants which were not true to form or color (one-third or less); "fair" between one-third and two-thirds not true; and "not satisfactory" if less than one-third was true to name or did not produce satisfactory plants for providing sufficient data. As far as possible trueness-to-type was determined, but since main lots were described as mixtures or did not carry varietal names, a wide range in color and form was permissible. 'Data on precipitation and frosts were taken from the monthly bulletins, "Meteorological Ob- servations." of the Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station. SEED INSPECTION 87 FLOWER SEED INSPECTION Lab. No. Field Tests Germi- nation Performance AGERATUM JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, CORP.. Boston, Mass. 53SF Blue Perfection Good Satisfactory- Joseph Breck & Sons, Corp., Boston CROSMAN SEED CO., INC.. East Rochester, N. Y. 432F Dwarf Blue Cap Good Satisfactory S. S. Kresge Co., Quincy, Mass. THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 225F Blue Ball Poor Not satisfactory Thomas J. Grey Co., Boston CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. S61F Blue Perfection Fair Satisfactory The Smith Hardware Co., Lowell JEROME B. RICE, JR., INC.. Shushan. N. Y. 589F Annual Mixed Fair Satisfactory Herbert M. Lawrence Hardware Co., Lexington THORNTON & CROUCH, Lawrence, Mass. S68F Gold Medal Fair Satisfactory Thornton & Crouch. Lawrence ALYSSUM BODGERS SEEDS, LTD., El Monte, Cal. 658F Sweet-Maritimum Good Satisfactory Monroe's Seed Market, Attleboro CROSMAN SEED CO.. INC.. East Rochester. N. Y. 433F Carpet of Snow Good Satisfactory S. S. Kresge Co., Quincy THOMAS VV. EMERSON CO., Boston. Mass. 313F Sweet Good Satisfactory Thomas W. Emerson Co., Boston EMPIRE SEED CO., INC.. Fredonia. N. Y. 478F Sweet Good Satisfactory Chelmsford Square Garage, Chelmsford FREDONIA SEED CO., Fredonia. N. Y. 442F Little Gem Good Satisfactory W. R. Armstrong Co., Attleboro J. J. H. GREGORY & SON, Marblehead. Mass. 497F Little Gem Good Satisfactory J. J. H. Gregory & Son, Marblehead ASTER COBURN SEED & SUPPLY CO., Chelmsford, Mass. 482F Queen of the Market Good Satisfactory Coburn Seed Sc Supply Co., Chelmsford THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston. Mass. 310F Improved Crego Wilt-Resistant Poor Not satisfactory Thomas W. Emerson Co., Boston Did not bloom FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. 325F Best Mixed Crego or Ostrich Plume Fair Satisfactory Fraser's, Wellesley FREDONIA SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 243F Tall Branching Finest Mixed Fair Satisfactory Charles F. Stone Hardware Co., Dorchester GOOD SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 816F Choice Colors — Wilt Resistant Poor Not satisfactory Bradstreet School, No. Andover Did not bloom J. J. H. GREGORY & SON, Marblehead. Mass. 499F Astermum Mixed Good Not satisfactory J. J. H. Gregory & Son. Marblehead Did not bloom CONTROL SERIES No. 102 FLOWER SEED INSPECTION — Continued Lab. No. Variety and Source Gernn nation Performance ASTER— Concluded THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston. Mass. 228F New Super-Giant Los Angeles Shell Pink Fair Satisfactory Thomas J. Grey Co., Boston THE PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. 349F Branching Comet Good Satisfactory Plymouth Rock Hardware Co., Plymouth PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 212F Queen of the Market, Dark Blue Fair Not satisfactory Wilt Resistant Did not bloom Perry Seed Co., Boston JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge. N. Y. 544F Giant Branching, Mixed Colors Good Satisfactory Martin W. Duggan Co., Newburyport STERLING SEED CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 460F Tall Double Mixed Good Not satisfactory J. J. Newberry Co., Attleboro Did not bloom BABY'S BREATH GOOD SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 81 8F Giant White Annual Good Satisfactory Bradstreet School, No. Andover BACHELOR BUTTON CROSMAN SEED CO., INC., East Rochester. N. Y. 434F Double — Mixed Colors Good Satisfactory S. S. Kresge Co.. Quincy Only two colors FREDONIA SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 443F Centaurea Mixed Good Satisfactory W. R. Armstrong Co., Attleboro Six colors GOOD SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 819F Double Choice Colors Fair Satisfactory Bradstreet School, No. Andover Only three colors J. J. H. GREGORY & SON, Marblehead, Mass. 500F Centaurea — Double Blue Good Satisfactory J. J. H. Gregory & Son, Marblehead CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 563F Double Mixed Centaurea Good Satisfactory The Smith Hardware Co., Lowell Only three colors NORTHRUP, KING & CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 580F Double Mixed Colors Fair Satisfactory F. W. Woolworth Co.. Woburn Four colors PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 213F Double Deep Blue Fair Satisfactory Perry Seed Co., Boston ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 596F Jubilee Gem Good Satisfactory- Ross Bros. Co., Worcester STERLING SEED CO., Minneapolis. Minn. 464F Double Mixed Colors Good Satisfactory J. J. Newberry Co., Attleboro Six colors THORNTON & CROUCH, Lawrence, Mass. 567F Centaurea Cyanus Good Satisfactory Thornton & Crouch, Lawrence BALSAM THOMAS W. EMERSON CO.. Boston, Mass. 303F Lady Slipper Good Satisfactory Thomas \Y. Emerson Co., Boston Seven colors SEED INSPECTION 89 FLOWER SEED INSPECTION — Continued Lab. No. Variety and Source Germi- nation Field Tests Performance BALSAM— Concluded FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. 326F Camellia-flowered — Finest Mixed Good Satisfactory Fraser's, Wellesley Four colors FREDONIA SEED CO., Fredonia, X. V. 441F Finest Mixed Good Satisfactory W. R. Armstrong Co., Attleboro Six colors J. J. H. GREGORY & SON, Marblehead, Mass. 501 F Improved Camellia flowered Good Satisfactory J. J. H. Gregory & Son, Marblehead Five colors THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 227F Double Rich Pink — Salmon King Good Satisfactory Thomas J. Grey Co., Boston LAKE SHORE SEED CO.. Dunkirk, N. Y. 470F Fine Double Mixed Good Satisfactory T. A. Whalen, Grocer, Lowell Six colors STERLING SEED CO., Minneapolis. Minn. 467F Lady Slipper Good Satisfactory J. J. Newberry Co., Attleboro Eight colors BLUE LACE FLOWER CROSMAN SEED CO., INC.. East Rochester, N.Y. 429F Queen Anne's Good Satisfactory S. S. Kresge Co., Quincy THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston. Mass. 302F Didiscus — Queen Anne's Lace Flower Good Satisfactory Thomas W. Emerson Co., Boston CALENDULA JOSEPH BRECK & SONS. CORP., Boston. Mass. 362F Breck's Giant Orange Good Not satisfactory Joseph Breck & Sons, Corp., Boston Included yellow and orange COBURN SEED & SUPPLY CO.. Chelmsford. Mass. 484F Double Mixed Good Satisfactory Coburn Seed & Supply Co., Chelmsford Five colors FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 2S0F Sunshine Poor Not satisfactory Union Florist, Boston True to color FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. 327F Sunshine, Buttercup Yellow, Double Good Satisfactory Fraser's, Wellesley True to color GOOD SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 817F Choice Colors Good Satisfactory Bradstreet School, No. Andover Two colors LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 359F French Mixed Colors Good Satisfactory Bliss Hardware Co., Plymouth Four colors A. G. PATCH CO., Boston, Mass. 217F Pot Mangold None A. G. Patch Co., Boston ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 598F Orange King Good Satisfactory Ross Bros. Co.. Worcester True to color STERLING SEED CO., Minneapolis. Minn. 461F Double Mixed Colors Good Satisfactory J. J. Newberry Co., Attleboro Five colors 90 CONTROL SERIES No. 102 FLOWER SEED INSPECTION — Continued Lab. No. Variety and Source Germi- nation Field Tests Performance CALIFORNIA POPPY JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, CORP., Boston, Mass. 370F. Eschscholtzia — Monarch Art Shades — Mixed Semi- Double Good Satisfactory Joseph Breck & Sons, Corp., Boston Five colors NORTHRUP, KING & CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 578F Eschscholtzia Mixed — All Colors Good Satisfactory F. YV. Woolworth Co., Woburn Three colors STERLING SEED CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 463F All Colors Mixed Good Satisfactory J. J. Newberry Co., Attleboro Two colors CALLIOPSIS THE PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. 61SF Coreopsis Mixed Good Satisfactory John F. Robinson Co., Ware Three colors CANDYTUFT BODGERS SEEDS, LTD., EI Monte, Cal. 657F Giant Empress Rocket White Good Satisfactory Monroe's Seed Market, Attleboro EMPIRE SEED CO., INC., Fredonia, N. Y. 475F Umbellata Mixed Colors Fair Satisfactory Chelmsford Square Garage, Chelmsford Six colors FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. 328F Hyacinth-Flowered White Good Satisfactory Fraser's, Wellesley JOSEPH HARRIS CO., INC., Coldwater, N. Y. 323F Rainbow Mixture Fair Satisfactory Joseph Harris Co., Inc., Cambridge Five colors LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 472F White Poor * T. A. Whalen, Grocer, Lowell PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 214F Giant White Perfection Good. . .Satisfactory Perry Seed Co., Boston CARNATION LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 358F Extra Fine Mixed Poor Not satisfactory Bliss Hardware Co., Plymouth Did not bloom THORNTON & CROUCH, Lawrence, Mass. 566F Mammoth Marquirite Fair Satisfactory Thornton & Crouch, Lawrence CENTAUREA JOSEPH HARRIS CO., INC., Coldwater, N. Y. 32 IF Sweet Sultan, Mixed Colors Good Satisfactory Joseph Harris Co., Inc., Cambridge Three colors CHRYSANTHEMUM LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 641F Annual Varieties Mixed Poor Not satisfactory Macy's Market, Attleboro Two colors THORNTON & CROUCH, Lawrence, Mass. 569F Mixed Double Annual Good Satisfactory Thornton & Crouch, Lawrence Two colors ♦Washed out by rain. SEED INSPECTION 91 FLOWER SEED INSPECTION — Continued Lab. No. Variety and Source Germi- nation Field Tests Performance COCKSCOMB LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 642F Celesia, Dwarf Mixed Good Coggins, Florist, Saugus MANDEVILLE, KING & CO., Rochester, N. V. 454F Shades of Red Good Wm. F. Flynn Co., Attleboro THORNTON & CROUCH, Lawrence, Mass. 56SF Prize Mixed Good Thornton & Crouch, Lawrence COSMOS EMPIRE SEED CO., INC., Fredonia, N. Y. 476F Early Mammoth Mixed Colors Good Chelmsford Square Garage, Chelmsford GOOD SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 820F Early Flowering Choice Colors Good Bradstreet School, No. Andover THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 234F Mammoth Sensation, Early Flowering, Pink Good Thomas J. Grey Co., Boston CHARLES C. HART SEED CO.. Wethersfield, Conn. 562F Giant Early Flowering Mixed Colors Fair The Smith Hardware Co., Lowell LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 194F Early Flowering Mixed None Serafino Tarini, New Bedford PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 234F Extra Early Mammoth Flowering Pink . .Good Perry Seed Co., Boston JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. V. 547F Early Klondyke Orange Flare Good Martin W. Duggan Co., Newburyport ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 597F Sensation Mixed Good Ross Bros. Co.. Worcester VAUGHAN'S SEED STORE, New York City 639F Orange Flare Good Coggins, Florist, Saugus Not satisfactory Averaged three feet high Satisfactory Satisfactory Satisfactory Satisfactory Not satisfactory 50^ white flowers Satisfactory Satisfactory Satisfactory Satisfactory Satisfactory DAISY (AFRICAN) MANDEVILLE. KING & CO., Rochester, N. V. 494F African Blue-eyed Arctotis grandis Poor Not satisfactory Hutchinson Hardware Co., Lynn One plant Died before blooming DIANTHUS JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, CORP., Boston, Mass. 360F Breck's Geisha Girl Good Joseph Breck & Sons, Corp., Boston CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 57dF Dianthus Finest Mixed Good WTakefield Supply Co., Wakefield NORTHRUP, KING & CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 583F Dianthus Double Mixed Good F. W. Wool worth Co., Woburn Satisfactory Seven colors Satisfactory Ten colors Satisfactory Four colors 92 CONTROL SERIES No. 102 FLOWER SEED INSPECTION — Continued Lab. No. Variety and Source Germi- nation Field Tests Performance DIANTHUS— Concluded JEROME B. RICE. JR., INC.. Shushan. N. Y. S92F Double China Mixed Annual Good Satisfactory Herbert M. Lawrence Hardware Co.. Lexington Four colors THORNTON & CROUCH, Lawrence, Mass. 570F Dianthus Good Satisfactory Thornton & Crouch, Lawrence Two colors FOUR O CLOCK FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. 392F Marvel of Peru (Mirabilis) Finest Colors Good Satisfactory Fraser's, Wellesley Four colors LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk. N. V. 3S6F Marvel of Peru — Mixed Colors Fair Satisfactory- Bliss Hardware Co., Plymouth Four colors JEROME B. RICE, JR., INC., Shushan, N. Y. S91F Annual Good Satisfactory Herbert M. Lawrence Hardware Co., Lexington Four colors STERLING SEED CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 459F Marvel of Peru — Fine Mixed Colors Good Satisfactory J. J. Newberry Co., Attleboro Four colors GAILLARDIA JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, CORP , Boston, Mass. 369F Breck's Superb Mixture Fair Satisfactory Joseph Breck & Sons, Corp., Boston Three colors CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 574F Single Mixed Good Satisfactory The Wakefield Supply Co.. Wakefield Three colors MANDEVILLE, KING & CO., Rochester, N. Y. 493F Indian Chief, Bronzy Red Single Fair Satisfactory Hutchinson Hardware Co., Lynn NORTHRUP, KING & CO., Minneapolis, Minn. S82F Annual Mixed Poor Not satisfactory F. W. Woolworth Co., Woburn GILIA THOMAS VV. EMERSON CO., Boston. Mass. 312F Capitata Good Satisfactory Thomas VV. Emerson Co., Boston HELICHRYSUM CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. S75F Everlasting Mixed Poor Not satisfactory The Wakefield Supply Co., Wakefield Did not bloom NORTHRUP, KING & CO., Minneaplis. Minn. S77F Everlastings — Helichrysum monstrosum-mixed. . .Fair Not satisfactory F. W. Woolworth Co., Woburn Did not bloom STERLING SEED CO., Minneapolis. Minn. 458F Everlastings— Helichrysum monstrosum-mixed. . . Poor Not satisfactory J. J. Newberry Co., Attleboro Did not bloom LARKSPUR CROSMAN SEED CO., INC. East Rochester, N.Y. 427F Rosamond — Stock Flowered — Deep Rose Good Satisfactory S. S. Kresge Co., Quincy THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 307F Rosamond Fair Satisfactory Thomas W. Emerson Co.. Boston SEED INSPECTION 93 FLOWER SEED INSPECTION — Continued Lab. No. Variety and Source Germi- nation Field Tests Performance LARKSPUR— Concluded FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. 330F Giant Imperial Finest Mixed Good Satisfactory Fraser's, Wellesley Five colors GOOD SEED CO., INC., Fredonia, X. V. 82 IF Tall Double Choice Colors Poor Not satisfactory Bradstreet School, No. Andover LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. V. 474F Finest Mixed None T. A. Whalen, Grocer, Lowell ^ JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, X. V. 546F Rosamond, Annual Poor Not satisfactory Martin W. Duggan Co., Newburyport STERLING SEED CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 465F Mixed Colors Good Satisfactory J. J. Newberry Co., Attleboro Four colors VAUGHAN'S SEED STORE, New York City 638F Vaughan's Double Annual Special Mixture Poor Xot satisfactory Coggins, Florist, Saugus Three colors LUPINE FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. 33 IF Giant King — All Colors Good Satisfactory Fraser's, Wellesley Two colors NORTHRUP, KING & CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 579F Annual Mixed Fair Satisfactory F. W. Woolworth Co., Woburn Three colors STERLING SEED CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 466F Annual Mixed Poor Xot satisfactory J. J. Newberry Co., Attleboro One color THORNTON & CROUCH, Lawrence, Mass. 5 7 1 F Mixed Good Not satisfactory Thornton & Crouch, Lawrence Did not bloom MARIGOLD JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, CORP., Boston, Mass. 363F Signata Pumila Gold Dust Poor Xot satisfactory Joseph Breck & Sons, Corp., Boston COBURX SEED & SUPPLY CO.. Chelmsford, Mass. 483F African Double Mixed Good Satisfactory Coburn Seed & Supply Co.. Chelmsford Three colors THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 304F Guinea Gold Good Satisfactory Thomas W. Emerson Co., Boston FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 25 IF Guinea Gold Good Satisfactory Union Florist, Boston FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. 332F Crown of Gold Good Satisfactory Fraser's, Wellesley THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 23 IF Chrysanthemum Flowered Fair Satisfactory Thomas J. Grey Co., Boston Three colors THE PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. 347F Tall African Mixed Poor Not satisfactory Plymouth Rock Hardware Co.. Plymouth Two colors A. G. PATCH CO., Boston, Mass. 2 1 9F African Mixed None A. G. Patch Co., Boston 94 CONTROL SERIES No. 102 FLOWER SEED INSPECTION — Continued Lab. No. Variety and Source Germi- nation Field Tests Performance MARIGOLD— Concluded PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 215F Carnation Flowered Guinea Gold Good Satisfactory Perry Seed Co., Boston ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 602F Crown of Gold Good Satisfactory Ross Bros. Co., Worcester STERLING SEED CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 462F African Tall Double Mixed Good Satisfactory J. J. Newberry Co., Attleboro Three colors MIGNONETTE BODGERS SEEDS. LTD., El Monte. Cal. 656F Sweet Machet Good Satisfactory Monroe's Seed Market, Attleboro CROSMAN SEED CO., INC.. East Rochester. N. Y. 435F Large Flowering Sweet Fair Satisfactory S. S. Kresge Co., Quincy THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. . 305F Machet Varieties Mixed Fair Satisfactory Thomas W. Emerson Co., Boston EMPIRE SEED CO., INC., Fredonia, N. Y. 479F Sweet odorata Grandiflora - Good Satisfactory Chelmsford Square Hardware Co., Chelmsford FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. *•,*,„.„„, 333F Special Mixture Large Flowering Sorts trood satisfactory Fraser's, Wellesley MOONFLOWER NORTHRUP, KING & CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 581 F White Seeded Ipomoea noctiflora Good Satisfactory F. W. Woolworth Co., Woburn MORNING GLORY BODGERS SEEDS, LTD., El Monte, Cal. ... .„ 672F Early Heavenly Blue Improved Good Satisfactory Monroe's Seed Market, Attleboro FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 438F Heavenly Blue Good Satistactory D. H. Lewis, Attleboro THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 223F Scarlett O'Hara Ipomoea Good Satistactory Thomas J. Grey Co., Boston JEROME B. RICE, JR., INC., Shushan. N. Y. 590F Heavenly Blue Annual Fair Satisfactory Herbert M. Lawrence Hardware Co., Lexineton ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. fo^t„r„ 604F Ipomoea Heavenly Blue (Rubra Coerulea) Good Satisfactory Ross Bros. Co., Worcester NASTURTIUM BARTLETT & DOW CO.. Lowell, Mass. 5S6F Dwarf Mixed Good Not satis act. r> . Bartlett & Dow Co., Lowell ,,() « ol Plant" Produced runners JOSEPH BRECK & SONS. CORP., Boston. Ma 540F Dwarf Mixed Good Satisfactory D. Cashman Hardware Co., Newburyport rive colois SEED INSPECTION 95 FLOWER SEED INSPECTION - Continued Lab. No. Variety and Source Germi- nation Field Tests Performance NASTURTIUM— Concluded THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 507F Dwarf Mixed Good United Cooperative Society, Maynard FERRY-MORSE SEED CO.. Detroit, Mich. 440F Dwarf Mixed Good D. H. Lewis, Attleboro FREDONIA SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 245F Golden Gleam Good Charles C. Stone Hardware Co., Dorchester GOOD SEED CO., Fredonia. N. Y. 815F Golden Gleam Good Bradstreet School, No. Andover CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 320F Dwarf Mixed Good Faneuil Florist, Boston MICHAEL LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago, 111. 520F Dwarf Mixed Poor VV. E. Aubuchon Co., Maynard THE PAGE SEED CO., Greene. N. Y. 275F Dwarf Tom Thumb Choice Mixed Fair J. H. Fairbanks Co., Bridgewater ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester. Mass. 595F New Double Gleam Hybrids — Semi-dwarf Sweet Scented Good Ross Bros. Co., Worcester F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 623F Golden Gleam Fair J. B. Sibley & Son. Ware PETUNIA JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, CORP., Boston, Mass. 365F Single Hamlet, Deep Violet Fair Joseph Breck & Sons, Corp., Boston 366F Single Breck's White Giant — Snow White Fair Joseph Breck & Sons, Corp., Boston 367F Single Salmon Supreme Poor Joseph Breck & Sons, Corp., Boston 368F Single Inflata, Silvery Pink Good Joseph Breck & Sons, Corp., Boston CROSMAN SEED CO., INC., East Rochester, X. Y. 436F Scarlet Genera! Dodds Fair S. S. Kresge Co., Quincy FRASER'S. Wellesley, Mass. 334F Snow Queen — Large-Flowered White Good Fraser's, Wellesley FREDONIA SEED CO., Fredonia, X. Y. 244F Finest Mixed Good Charles F. Stone Hardware Co., Dorchester GOOD SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 822F Hybrida Choice Colors Poor Bradstreet School, No. Andover J. J. H. GREGORY & SON, Marblehead, Mass. 498F Fine Mixed Good J. J H. Gregory & Son. Marblehead Not satisfactory Few plants produced runners Satisfactory Four colors Satisfactory Satisfactory Not satisfactory 25' ; of plants produced runners Not satisfactory 15% of plants produced runners Xot satisfactory Few plants produced runners Satisfactory Two colors Satisfactory Satisfactory Slight variation in color Satisfactory Not satisfactory Color satisfactory Satisfactory Xot satisfactory Xot true to color Xot satisfactory Six colors Satisfactory Eight colors Not satisfactory Five colors Satisfactory Seven colors 96 CONTROL SERIES Xo. 102 FLOWER SEED INSPECTION — Continued Lab. No. Variety and Source Germi- nation Field Tests Performance PETUNIA— Concluded THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 230F Miniature Rose Crepe de Chine Good Satisfactory Thomas J. Grey Co., Boston ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 601 F Rose of Heaven Good Not satisfactory Ross Bros. Co., Worcester Four colors PHLOX CROSMAN SEED CO., INC., East Rochester, N. Y. 430F Drummondi Mixed Colors Good Satisfactory S. S. Kresge Co., Quincy Four colors THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 306 F Drummondi Good Satisfactory Thomas W. Emerson Co., Boston Seven colors EMPIRE SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 477F Drummondi Mixed Colors None Chelmsford Square Hardware Co., Chelmsford THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston. Mass. 232F Drummondi Gigantea Salmon Glory Poor Not satisfactory Thomas J. Grey Co., Boston Color satisfactory MANDEVILLE. KING & CO., Rochester, N. Y. 453F Drummondi — All Colors Fair Satisfactory Wm. F. Flynn Hardware Co., Attleboro Eight colors POPPY BODGERS SEEDS, LTD., El Monte. Cal. 655F Finest Mixed Good Satisfactory Monroe's Seed Market, Attleboro JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, CORP., Boston, Mass. 534F Shirley Mixed Good Satisfactory Joseph Breck & Sons, Corp., Boston EMPIRE SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 480F Single and Double Mixed Colors Good Satisfactory Chelmsford Square Hardware Co., Chelmsford GOOD SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 823F Carnation Flowered, Double Choice Colors Good Satisfactory Bradstreet School, No. Andover Some single flowered CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 564F Shirley — Mixed Colors Good Satisfactory The Smith Hardware Co., Lowell LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. V. 471F Finest Mixed Poor Not satisfactory T. A. VVhalen, Grocer, Lowell Only three plants MANDEVILLE, KING & CO., Rochester, N. V. 490F Flanders Field Good Satisfactory Hutchinson Hardware Co., Lynn PORTULACA BODGERS SEEDS, LTD., El Monte, Cal. 668F Single Mixed Good Satisfactory Monroe's Seed Market, Attleboro Seven colors FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 437 F Single Fine Mixed Good Satisfactory I ). H. Lewis Co., Attleboro Eleven colors FRASER'S, YVellesley, Mass. 335F Single Choice Mixed, Large Flowered Types Good Satisfactory Fraser's, Wellesley Seven colors THE PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. 348F Finest Single Mixed Good Satisfactory Plymouth Rock Hardware Co., Plymouth Ten colors SEED INSPECTION 97 FLOWER SEED INSPECTION — Continued Lab. No. Variety and Source Germi- nation Field Test? Performance PORTULACA— Concluded JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 545F Double and Single Mixed — Sun Plant Poor Martin VV. Duggan Co., Newburyport ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 600F Double Mixed Fair Ross Bros. Co., Worcester RUDBECKIA JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, CORP., Boston, Mass. 36 IF Cone Flower — My Joy — Deep Orange Good Joseph Breck & Sons, Corp., Boston SALPIGLOSSIS JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, CORP., Boston. Mass. S33F Mixed Good D. Cashman Hardware Co., Newburyport THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 301F Gloxiniaflora Mixed Good Thomas W. Emerson Co., Boston THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 229F Improved Large Flowering Light Blue and Gold .Good Thomas J. Grey Co., Boston MANDEVILLE, KING & CO., Rochester, N. Y. 451F Velvet Flower— All Colors Good Wm. F. Flynn Hardware Co., Attleboro NORTHRUP. KING & CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 587F Painted Tongue, Large Flowering Mixed Good F. W. Woolworth Co., Quincy VAUGHAN'S SEED STORE, New York City 637F Vaughan's Special Mixture Good Coggins, Florist, Saugus SALVIA CROSMAN SEED CO.. INC., East Rochester. N. Y. 431F Bonfire Poor S. S. Kresge Co., Quincy LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk. N. Y. 33SF Splendens, Flowering Sage Poor Bliss Hardware Co., Plymouth MANDEVILLE, KING & CO., Rochester, N. Y. 452F Scarlet Sage Fair Wm. F. Flynn Hardware Co., Attleboro NORTHRUP, KING & CO.. Minneapolis, Minn. 586F Scarlet Sage Poor F. W. Woolworth Co., Woburn SCABIOSA JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, CORP.. Boston. Mass. S32F Mixed Fair D. Cashman Hardware Co.. Newburyport THOMAS VV. EMERSON CO., Boston. Mass. 311F Double Mixed Mourning Bride Good Thomas W. Emerson Co., Boston THOMAS J. GREY CO.. Boston, Mass. 226F Improved Large Flowering Imperial Giants Fair Thomas J. Grey Co., Boston CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 573F Mourning Bride Mixed Good Wakefield Supply Co., Wakefield Not satisfactory Colors satisfactory Satisfactory Five colors Satisfactory Satisfactory Three colors Satisfactory Six colors Not satisfactory Not true to color Satisfactory Seven colors Satisfactory Four colors Satisfactory Five colors Not satisfactory Not satisfactory Satisfactory Not satisfactory Not satisfactory Two colors Satisfactory Four colors Satisfactory Satisfactory Four colors 98 CONTROL SERIES No. 102 FLOWER SEED INSPECTION — Continued Lab. No. Variety and Source Germi- nation Field Tests Performance SCABIOSA— Concluded LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 469F Mourning Bride Poor Not satisfactory T. A. Whalen, Grocer. Lowell Three colors JEROME B. RICE, JR., INC., Shushan. \\ V. 594F Mourning Bride, Mixed Annual Poor Not satisfactory Herbert M. Lawrence Hardware Co., Lexington Did not bloom SNAPDRAGON THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 309F Rust Resistant Mixed Good Satisfactory- Thomas W. Emerson Co., Boston Five colors THOMAS J. GREY CO.. Boston, Mass. 233F Rust Proof Maximum Copper Shades Fair Satisfactory Thomas J. Grey Co., Boston MANDEVILLE, KING & CO., Rochester, N. Y. 491F Rust Proof — All Colors Poor Not satisfactory Hutchinson Hardware Co., Lynn Three colors JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 548F Antirrhinum Finest Mixed Good Satisfactory Martin W. Duggan Co., Newburyport Five colors JEROME B. RICE, JR., INC., Shushan, N. Y. 593F Special Mixed Annuals Fair Not satisfactory Herbert M. Lawrence Hardware Co., Lexington Only one plant bloomed SNOW-ON THE MOUNTAIN JOSEPH HARRIS CO., INC., Coldwater, N. Y. 324F Euphorbia variegata Good Satisfactory Joseph Harris Co., Inc., Cambridge SPIDER PLANT JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, CORP., Boston, Mass. 364F Cleome White Feather, Pure White Good Satisfactory Joseph Breck & Sons, Corp., Boston STOCK JOSEPH HARRIS CO., INC., Coldwater, N. Y. 322F Harris' Sure-to-Bloom Variety Mixture Good Satisfactory Joseph Harris Co., Inc., Cambridge Four colors LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 473F German Dwarf, Mixed Poor Not satisfactory T. A. Whalen, Grocer, Lowell Two colors NORTHRUP, KING & CO., Minneapolis. Minn. 585F Ten Weeks Mixed. Large Flowering All Colors. . .Fair Satisfactory F. W. Woolworth Co., Woburn Six colors THORNTON & CROUCH, Lawrence, Mass. 572F Ten Weeks Mixed, Gilliflower Good Satisfactory Thornton & Crouch, Lawrence Four colors SUNFLOWER THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. S08F Mammoth Russian Good Satisfactory United Cooperative Society, Maynard JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 513F Mammoth Russian Good Satisfactory Parker Hardware Co., Maynard SEED INSPECTION 99 FLOWER SEED INSPECTION — Continued Lab. No. Variety and Source Germi- nation Performance VERBENA FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 458F Fine Mixed Good Satisfactory R. W. Messer Hardware Co., Billerica Four colors LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. V. 357F Finest Mixed Poor Not satisfactory Bliss Hardware Co., Plymouth Colors satisfactory, six MANDEVILLE, KING & CO., Rochester, N. V. 489F White Fair Satisfactory Hutchinson Hardware Co., Lynn NORTHRUP, KING & CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 584F Mammoth Flowering Pink Shades Good Not satisfactory F. W. Woolworth Co., Woburn Included white and red JEROME B. RICE, JR., INC., Shushan, N. V. 588F Choice Mixed Annual Good Satisfactory Herbert M. Lawrence Hardware Co., Lexington Eight colors ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Ma?s. 603F Mammoth Mixed Good Satisfactory Ross Bros. Co., Worcester Eight colors WALLFLOWER MANDEVILLE, KING & CO., Rochester, N. V. 493F Single— All Colors Good Satisfactory Hutchinson Hardware Co., Lynn, Mass. Three colors ZINNIA COBURN SEED & SUPPLY CO., Chelmsford. Mass. 481F Giant Dahlia Mixed Good Satisfactory Coburn Seed & Supply Co., Chelmsford Seven colors DEERINGTON ZINNIA GARDENS, Bargersville. Ind. 428F Pride of Indiana, Dahlia Flowered, Deerington Special Good Satisfactory S. S. Kresge Co., Quincy THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 308F California Giants Good Satisfactory Thomas W. Emerson Co., Boston Nine colors FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 439F Dahlia Flowered Mixed Giants Good Satisfactory D. H. Lewis Co., Attleboro Six colors FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. 336F Illumination, Dahlia Flowered, Lovely Bright Rose Good Satisfactory Fraser's, Wellesley FREDONIA SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 444F Giants Finest Mixed Fair Satisfactory W. R. Armstrong Co., Attleboro Six colors GOOD SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 824F Mammoth Flowered, Choice Colors Good Satisfactory Bradstreet School, No. Andover Six colors J. J. H. GREGORY & SON, Marblehead, Mass. 502F Fantasy Good Satisfactory J. J. H. Gregory & Son, Marblehead Nine colors THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 224F Double, Will Rogers, Immense Glowing Scarlet . .Good Satisfactory Thomas J. Grey Co., Boston Spectrum Red (Ridgeway) LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 193F Double Mixed Good Satisfactory Serfino Tarini, New Bedford Ten colors 100 CONTROL SERIES No. 102 FLOWER SEED INSPECTION — Concluded Lab. No. Variety and Source Germi- nation Field Tests Performance ZINNIA— Concluded THE PAGE SEED CO., Greene. N. V. 273F Lilliput Mixed Colors Good J. H. Fairbanks Co., Bridgewater 274F Double Choice Mixed Good J. H. Fairbanks Co., Bridgewater A. G. PATCH CO., Boston. Mass. 218F Dahlia Flowering Orange Good A. G. Patch Co., Boston PERRY SEED CO.. Boston, Mass. 216F Scarlet Flame — New Dahlia Flowered Good Perry Seed Co., Boston JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 549F Fantasy Fine Mixed Good Martin W, Duggan Co., Newburyport ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 599F Dahlia Flowered, Gold Medal — Mixed Colors. . . .Good Ross Bros. Co., Worcester Satisfactory Nine colors Satisfactory Eight colors Not satisfactory Twelve colors Satisfactory Satisfactory Eight colors Satisfactory Eight colors SEED INSPECTION 101 Variety Variation Studies With Seed Corn Conducted in Cooperation with the Department of Agronomy, William G. Colby, Research Professor In the spring of 1939 seventy-two samples of corn, collected from different seed sources, were planted in single row plots and grown to maturity. Almost all of the important open-pollinated corn varieties grown in Massachusetts were represented in the collection. In a few instances only one sample of a variety was taken, but in most cases the same variety was collected from a number of different sources. The object of the study was to determine the range of varia- tion between lots of seed sold under the same varietal name but originating from different seed sources. Observations were made on the general plant and ear characteristics, the tas- seling date and the ripening date of each sample. A fair degree of uniformity was found between different lots of the same variety with respect to such varietal characteristics as ear shape and kernel shape and color, but wide variations were found in the height of plant (see illustration on page 104) and the number of days required for ripening. In one instance seed of a variety from one source matured three full weeks ahead of seed sold as the same variety from another source. In several cases there were differences of ten days in maturity be: wren different seed sources. The results of this study clearly indicate the unreliability of variety names in corn varieties. It should be emphasized, however, thai this condition is not the fault of the seedsmen but is rather an inevitable result associated with the seed production of an open-pollinated species. The relative ease by which the characteristics of an open-pollinated variety may be changed by different growers consistently selecting for different strain types, or by carrying on selection under different climatic environments, has resulted in the isolation of main strains within all important varieties. The corn grower then should bear these facts in mind when buying seed of an open-pollinated corn variety. Unless he knows just how a particular dealer's strain of a variety will perform under his local growing conditions, he is likely to be disappointed with the results from (he use of commercial seed. This situation will be greatly improved with the increased use of hybrid corn. The pollination is controlled in this case and consistent. Uniform performance can be expected from any given hybrid provided it comes from a certified seed source. In the following table laboratory numbers to which the letter "F" has been added indicate that the samples were taken from seedsmens' stock by a State Inspector and were tested for viability in the Seed Laboratory. The source of the seed and results of laboratory tests are given on Pages 15 to 23. 102 CONTROL SERIES No. 102 FIELD TESTS OF CORN VARIETIES Lab. No. Sales Name Number of Number of Days to Days to Tasseling Ripening PLANTED MAY 24 607 F Early Canada Flint 93 F Early Yellow Canada Flint 695 F Early Canada Flint 314 F Early Canada Flint 95 F Mondamin Flint 608 F Smoky Dent 97 F Smoky Dent 689 F Hybrid Canada Learning 316 F Cornell 11 6398 PG Cornell 29-3 174 F Longfellow N. Y. State Flint. . . 541 F Longfellow Flint 697 F Longfellow Flint 606 F Longfellow Flint 5623 PG West Branch Sweepstakes 557 F West Branch Sweepstakes 315 F West Branch Sweepstakes 650 F West Branch Sweepstakes 688 F West Branch Sweepstakes 524 F West Branch Sweepstakes 610 F West Branch Sweepstakes 687 F West Branch Sweepstakes 699 F Page's Golden Sweepstakes 555 F Mammoth Yellow Sweepstakes. 605 F Yellow Sweepstakes 775 F Golden Sweepstakes 645 F Broad Yellow Sweepstakes 297 F Yellow Sweepstakes 258 F Reist's Sweepstakes 173 F Sweepstakes 56 F Sweepstakes 96 F Breck's Sweepstakes 682 F Improved Learning 651 F Improved Learning 774 F Improved Learning 298 F Improved Learning 609 F Improved Learning 543 F Improved Learning 691 F Improved Learning 525 F Improved Learning 698 F Page's Improved Learning 57 F Learning 553 F Learning 172 F Learning 558 F Learning 626 F Woodruff's Selected Beauty. . . . 6397 PG Bun Learning 680 F Lancaster Sure Crop 730 F Lancaster Sure Crop 690 F Lancaster Sure Crop 652 F Early Eureka 554 F Early Eureka 486 F Excelsior Ensilage 686 F Excelsior Ensilage 60 100 65 104 68 106 69 112 64 103 65 103 67 105 67 103 71 108 68 106 69 112 69 114 69 115 70 116 70 114 70 114 70 114 70 114 70 114 73 120 75 122 74 125 70 114 71 116 76 122 75 123 76 124 76 124 74 121 74 121 75 122 78 133 63 100 65 103 68 113 69 113 75 113 70 115 75 120 75 120 79 138 70 114 69 115 75 121 75 123 75 120 68 114 68 113 76 121 7o 121 68 106 77 121 69 113 69 113 SEED INSPECTION 103 FIELD TESTS OF CORN VARIETIES— Concluded Lab. No. Sales Name Number of Number of Days to Days to Tasseling Ripening 728 F Southern White. 559 F Eureka Ensilage. 94 F Eureka Ensilage. 6399 PG Eureka Ensilage. 696 F Virginia Eureka. 68 113 79 134 73 136 82 * 82 * PLANTED JUNE 2 874 F Early Canada Flint. . 848 F Minnesota 13 876 F Minnesota 13 869 F Field Corn 83-108 803 F Gold Nugget Flint 836 F Improved Learning 877 F Improved Learning. . . 870 F Improved Learning. . . . 804 F Improved Learning... 875 F Lancaster Sute Crop 837 F Yellow Sweepstakes 805 F West Branch Sweepstakes. 842 F West Branch Sweepstakes. 70 104 65 100 67 110 74 120 74 120 76 120 77 120 77 121 77 121 77 132 SO 134 SO 134 80 136 ♦Failed to mature befoir Publication of this Document Approved by Commission on Administration and Finance 2500-2-40. D-816. 104 CONTROL SERIES No. 102 West Branch Sweepstakes Corn Seed from — (1) Eastern States Farmers' Exchange (2) Wrentliam Hospital (3) Ross Bros. Co. (4) Joseph Breck iK Sons. Corp. MASSACHUSETTS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION CONTROL SERIES BULLETIN NO. 103 JUNE, 1940 Twentieth Annual Report on Eradication of Pullorum Disease in Massachusetts By the Poultry Disease Control Laboratory This bulletin reports results of pullorum disease testing for the 1939-40 season. A marked increase in the number of tests was observed for the season. Increases in the number of tested turkey flocks and turkeys were also noted. In six of the twelve counties, the tested chicken flocks re- vealed no reactors. This fact shows that poultrymen in Massachusetts are making definite progress in eradicating the disease and establishing and maintaining pullorum-free flocks. MASSACHUSETTS STATE COLLEGE AMHERST, MASS. TWENTIETH ANNUAL REPORT OF PULLORUM DISEASE ERADICATION IN MASSACHUSETTS 1939—1940 By the Poultry Disease Control Laboratory! Introduction Twenty years ago, pullorum disease was a serious menace to the poul- try industry in Massachusetts. Since that time effective testing has eliminated the infection from the majority of breeding flocks. This dis- ease control and eradication service has greatly aided the Massachusetts poultry industry to become established on a profitable and growing basis. Summary of Service Rendered Applications received 384 Applications cancelled 18 Flocks tested 355 Chicken flocks 340 Chicken and turkey flocks 6 Turkey flocks 20 Number of tests 689 377 Chickens: Routine 649,717 Experimental 26,894* Fowl other than chickens: Routine 7,07'' Experimental 5,687** Owners receiving necropsy service 40 Necropsies of reacting birds 76 *Includes 3,312 fowl typhoid tests and 7 7 paratyphoid tests. **Includes .">.402 paratyphoid tests. Distribution of Tests and Reactors Table 1 gives the number of tests and reactors for each breed and each county. A total of 673,222 samples was tested in 12 counties. Norfolk, Middlesex, and Worcester counties led in the number of tests. The average percentage of positive tests was 0.51. In six counties no reactors were found among the tested birds. Only one county (Norfolk) had . more than 1 percent infection. All reactors were confined to five breeds. Among 26,355 White Plymouth Rock tests, only 4 reactors were detected. Among the New Hampshires and White Leghorns, the reactors were confined to one and two counties, respectively. The following breeds and varieties were tested: Bantam, Barnevelder, Barred Plymouth Rock, Back Australorp, Brahmas, Columbian Plymouth Rock, Cornish Game, Guinea fowl, Jersey Black Giant, Jersey White tPoultry Disease Control Laboratory Staff: II. Van Roekel, Chief of Laboratory; K. L. Bullis, Assistant Veterinary Pathologist; O. S. Flint, Assistant Research Professor; Miriam K. Clarke, Research Assistant; Felicia Jewett, Laboratory" Assistant. Appreciation is extended to Dr. J. 1$. Lentz, Head of the Department of Veterinary Science, for the admin- istrative assistance given to the testing' work. PQ U « H Q H ;uaoJ8j sib;ox mnouiXu HI0P°X xasejpp! Vi ajiqsiIuiBH UOpllllIBH ~ Ol OS CO CO CO i-i o CO © OS CO CO i-H CO © "* CO CO rH o t- c — N © uippiBJ^ so^iia P^sua ajii(s>(jaa apqtf^siweg oo os OS © CO © CO OS CU 0) 01 cu a as c > X .c £ .*t CJ ~ — - o 8 o s S Ud 3 •~ Pn CJ o Ph o Ph H p- r< p- E- p. V. K — 01 « 3 -s . H X o « cd o> c a .2 # o 01 a ■-. pq e- 2 3h - Tested for the first time . . 60 44,537 44,537 47 0.11 46 15 0 5 Intermittent testing 14 16,740 17,604 19 0.11 5 7 0 2 Two consecutive years .... 54 57,992 77,641 197 0.25 41 10 3 0 Three or more consecutive 212 453,731 533,440 3,162 0.59 188 20 3 1 Totals 3 4(i 573,000 6 7 3 . '2 1' 2 1 3,425 0.51 280 52 6 8 These figures clearly suggest that some flock owners might well con- sider a carefully planned eradication program before expending money for the testing of a heavily infected flock. Short-interval retesting is ex- pensive, and unless the value of the stock warrants such expenditure, retesting is not recommended. Therefore, if an owner knows that in- fection exists in his flock, he should determine which plan to follow — a retesting program or the replacement of the infected flock by stock from pullorum-clean sources. 6 It was also noted that, in a rather high percentage of the flocks tested for the first time, only part of the birds was tested. There were 14 flocks in the intermittent testing group, in 9 of which only part of the birds was tested. Intermittent and partial flock testing is conducive to permitting infection to become established in a Mock. Flocks tested for two consecutive years show that flock owners in this group, on the whole, have a better knowledge of disease eradication and prevention than owners who test for the first time or intermittently. In the group tested for three or more consecutive years, which is the largest of the four groups, the outstanding feature is the fact that it is the highest of all the groups in percentage of infection. However, 3,079 reactors were found in two large flocks, leaving only 83 reactors (.02 percent) detected among 389,755 birds in 210 flocks. Three of the in- fected flocks in this group have had infection for two or more consecu- tive years. It is very encouraging to note that 188 flock owners in this group had all their birds tested and no reactors were found. However, there is still considerable opportunity for improvement, since 66 of all the flocks tested were either infected or only partially tested, or both. As long as flocks remain in thece classifications, they cannot be considered eligible for official recognition by the Massachusetts Department of Agriculture. In all, 280 flocks representing 460,045 birds were 100 percent tested and non- reacting. Among these flocks the majority have been tested and found negative for three or more consecutive years. Such flocks are safest for breeding from the standpoint of pullorum-disease control and erad- ication. Appearance of Infection in Flocks Previously Negative During the past year, infection was detected in six flocks which had been negative for one or more years. In all but one flock, the amount of infection did not exceed 1 percent, as is shown in Table 3. The source of infection could not be definitely accounted for in all instances. From the information at hand, it appears that the owners of these flocks may not fully appreciate the possible avenues through which pullorum disease may be introduced. Poultrymen in general could greatly strengthen their preventive meas- ures by prohibiting the traffic of used equipment, whatever it may be. onto the premises. Furthermore, poultry dealers, agents, feed dealers, and visitors should not be permitted to enter the poultry houses and ranges. Of the possible vectors that may play a role in disseminating pullorum disease, the infected bird, infective egg, contaminated soil, equipment, feed, and litter appear the most likely sources for infection. If poultrymen can set up effective barriers against such potentially dangerous vectors, few if any breaks will occur. Free flying birds may be a possible vector, but this appears rather remote. Reinfection of a flock is costly to the owner. It usually disturbs his trade and may involve considerable expense in eliminating the infection. Therefore, every poultry breeder should exercise all precautions possible to prevent the introduction of infection. It must be remembered that testing does not prevent birds Erom becoming infected. Its sole purpose is to detect infected birds so that they can be eliminated from the flock. A negative flock lias no assurance of remaining free of the disease if the owner does not exercise proper precautionary measure. Table 3. Appearance of Infection in Flocks Previously Negative 1939-40 Season N umber Flock ol Years Flock Number Positive Explanation for Infection- N egative Total Tested Tests Percent 1 1 93S 93S 0.11 Unknown 2 2 1,317 1,317 0.30 Unknown 3 2 2,683 2,665 2,683 595* 0.67 0.00 Inadequate prevenl h e measures 4 3 5,105 123 2.44 Custom batching • 5,100 5,100 5,098 107* 99* 5,090 0.00 0.00 0.00 5 1 [,006 872 1,006 872 0.50 0.46 Unknown 6 4 2,242 1,954 2,24 2 1,958 0.76 0.00 Unknown 'Represents retests. Necropsy of Reacting Birds During the past year, 40 flock owners submitted 76 reacting birds (66 chickens and 10 turkeys) to the laboratory for necropsy. The causative organism of pullorum disease was isolated from 7 of the 66 chickens. In all but one case, the infected birds gave strong reactions. The single case was a male which gave a low reaction with the tube test and a negative reaction with the whole-blood test. The majority of these reacting birds were classified in the doubtful or non-specific group. What causes these reactions is not known and apparently it is not a local prob- lem. Since such reactions are frequently indistinguishable from reactions ob- tained in infected birds, one cannot regard such birds as negative unless further examinations are carried out and reveal the absence of infection. Neither should a flock be condemned as infected if only doubtful reactors are detected that do not show conclusive evidence of infection. Flock owners have been very cooperative in complying with requests from the laboratory concerning this phase of the testing work. It is the policy of the laboratory to extend every possible service to the flock owner in order to arrive at an accurate flock diagnosis. The supplemental necropsy service of reacting birds during the past year definitely identified fowl typhoid infection. The fowl typhoid car- riers were detected in the routine testing with pullorum antigen. Through the necropsy service, it was possible to determine that the reactors were not infected with pullorum disease but with fowl typhoid. The fowl typhoid infection was eliminated from the flock by retesting at 2 to 4 week intervals. Non-reacting and Positive Flocks Classified by Counties The distribution of non-reacting and positive flocks among the 12 coun- ties is of interest. Table 4 shows that all 12 counties contained non- reacting flocks. Worcester and Middlesex counties led in the number of non-reacting flocks and birds. All flocks tested in 7 counties (Barnstable, Dukes, Essex, Hampden, Hampshire, Plymouth, and Worcester) were classified as non-reacting at the close of the season. During the past year, 332 non-reacting flocks (including partially tested), representing 497,356 birds, were identified in the 12 counties. This number of birds in non-reacting flocks represents an increase over the previous season, which means that Massachusetts is making definite progress in establishing a larger nucleus of breeding birds which are free from pullorum disease. The 14 positive flocks were confined to 5 counties. These positive flocks have been discussed elsewhere in this bulletin. Suffice it .to say here that it is hoped that all possible agencies in the counties where the positive flocks exist will aid the flock owners in eliminating the infection from their premises. In the light of the possible ways in which pullorum disease can be eradicated, no flock owner who is willing and conscientious should regard the task of establishing a clean flock as impossible. Table 4. Non-Reacting and Positive Flocks Classified by Counties County 100% Tested Partially Tested Flocks Birds Flocks Birds Total Flocks Birds Non-Reacting Flocks Barnstable Berkshire Bristol Dukes Essex Franklin Hampden Hampshire Middlesex Norfolk Plymouth Worcester Totals Berkshire 1 Bristol 2 Franklin — \l iddlesex 1 Norfolk 2 Totals 6 2 3,353 — — 2 3,353 7 8,859 1 134 S 8,993 42 06,841 4 3,39S 46 70,239 I 538 — — 1 538 22 3S.271 6 6,614 28 44,885 3 2 45,041 2 2,722 3 4 48,363 18 15.98S 1 2 s 111 16,016 21 24,14 s 5 2,085 2 0 26,233 -Hi 77,9s 1 9 5,946 ."i ."> 83,927 20 39,531 9 4,950 2 9 44,481 25 51,614 7 7,057 32 58,671 44 87,280 8 4,3 7 7 52 91,657 2S0 460,04.". 52 37.31 1 33 2 497,356 Positive Flocks 93 4 3 . 5 I 1 -> 4,475 2,574 1.14 2 3 3,716 — 2 109 2 409 93 S •_> 23 0 3 1,174 CD, 1(12 2 :. ^.o 4 (;:,,s7o 64.45S S 11,186 14 75,644 Comparison of 1938-39 and 1939-40 Testing Table 5 gives a comparison of the 1938-39 and 1939-40 testing results. Two counties (Bristol and Middlesex) showed a considerable increase in tested birds over the previous season, while two counties (Hampden and Hampshire) showed a noticeable decrease. In all but two counties ( Franklin and Norfolk), the percentage of infection was less than in the previous season. For the state as a whole, increases were observed in tested birds (1,935), tests (58,017), and non-reacting flocks (5). The average percentage of infection increased slightly from 0.34 to 0.51. Table 5. Comparison of 1938-39 and 1939-40 Testing Count v Flocks Birds Tests Positive Non- Tests Reacting Percent Flocks 1938-39 Season Barnstable 4 4,643 Berkshire 15 12,012 Bristol 42 65,394 Essex 30 40,138 Franklin 37 46,142 Hampden 2 2 20,517 Hampshire 31 32,349 Middlesex 55 79,225 Norfolk 33 125,59 1 Plymouth 29 ..(,730 Suffolk , 1 533 Worcester 56 89,791 Totals 355 571,065 1939-40 Season Barnstable 2 3,353 Berkshire L0 13,468 Bristol 49 73,955 Dukes 1 53S Essex 2S 14.S85 Franklin 30 48,772 Hampden 19 16,016 Hampshire 26 26,233 Middlesex 58 85,101 Norfolk 33 110,351 Plymouth 32 58,671 Worcester 52 91 ,657 Totals 346 573,000 4,643 0.37 3 12.924 1.73 9 66,155 0.14 37 40,138 0.22 27 ^2.472 0.01 36 20,5 17 0.04 21 32,349 0.00 31 97,055 0.55 51 127.740 0.50 29 70,46 1 0.57 27 :,33 0.00 1 90,215 0.13 55 615,205 3,353 0.00 2 13,468 0.34 8 75,025 0.09 46 538 0.00 1 44,885 0.00 28 50,943 0.06 34 16,016 0.00 19 2t;.23r! 0.00 26 1 05,1 25 0.15 55 185,84 1 1.67 29 60,138 0.04 32 91,657 0.00 52 073,222 Twenty- Year Testing Period Shows Progress in Eradication Table 6 shows testing data for a twenty-year period. The volume of testing work has increased markedly during this period. The Massachu- setts poultry industry has attained a very commendable position by hav- ing increased the percentage of total tested birds which exist in non- reacting flocks from 9.77 percent to 86.79 percent. Without doubt, these results show that pullorum-free flocks can be established and maintained. 10 Table 6. Twenty-Year Pullorum Disease Testing Summary Positive Non- Birds in Non- •reacting Flocks Total Tests Tests Percent reacting Flocks Season Flocks Birds Number Percent 1920-21 10S 24,718 24,718 L2.50 25 2,414 9.77 1921-22 110 29,875 29,875 12.65 27 4,032 13.50 1922-23 121 33,602 33,602 7.60 29 5,400 16.07 1923-24 139 59,635 59,635 6.53 38 11,082 18. 5S 1924-25 150 66,503 66,503 2.94 79 25,390 38.18 1925-26 201 67,919 67,919 2.31 124 33,615 49.49 1920-27 249 127,327 127,327 4.03 114 40,269 31.63 1927-28 321 190,658 232,091 6.52* 138 80,829 42.39 1928-29 413 254,512 304,092 4.25* 228 153,334 60.25 1929-30 460 331,314 386,098 2.17 309 203,038 66.97 1930-31 447 356,810 402,983 1.47 328 267.229 74.89 1931-32 455 377,191 420,861 0.90 355 298,534 79.15 1932-33 335 296,093 300,714 0.47 276 238,074 30.41 1933-34 262 263,241 284,848 0.53 229 212,782 80.83 1934-35 244 281,124 301,887 0.39 213 251,778 89.56 1935-36 252 329,659 344,081 0.30 230 315,215 95.95 1936-37 307 448,519 461,762 0.37 281 424,431 94.63 1937-38 308 480,227 497,769 0.17 286 457,466 95.26 1938-39 355 571,065 615,205 0.34 327 469,134 82.15 1939-40 346 573,000 673,222 0.51 332 497,356 86.80 'Based on total birds tested: 1927-28, 190,658 birds; 192S-29, 254,512 birds. Pullorum Disease in Turkeys During the past year 26 turkey flocks representing 7,079 samples were tested. Reactors were detected in three flocks. Ten reactors were necropsied from these three flocks and the causative organism was isolated from all three. In two flocks pullorum disease had been diagnosed in young poults earlier in the season. The testing of turkey flocks with the tube test revealed that, in cases where the infection may be present, reactions in varying degrees are likely to be observed; whereas in flocks which have not been infected, few or no reactions are encountered. In general it appears that infected turkeys do not react as strongly as do infected chickens. A diagnostic dilution not higher than 1:25 should be employed to detect turkey "carriers" of pullorum infection. Infected turkey flocks can be retested at short intervals until reactors are no longer detected. Whether a flock in such a status is free <>f the infection requires further observation. Turkey raisers should exercise every precaution in selecting pullorum- free stock. Owners of turkey breeding flocks should determine the pullorum status of their flocks by testing. The tube agglutination method is the most reliable means of determining the presence or absence of infection. 11 Comments and Suggestions 1. Annual Testing of Flocks — A flock should be tested each year to de- termine whether or not infection is present. The testing of flocks known to he infected should be decided upon only after certain factors have been considered. If the breeding value of the flock does not warrant the ex- penditure for testing, then the owner should follow a plan of flock replace- ment. After a flock has once been determined free from the disease, it should be tested annually to ascertain whether or not infection has been introduced. While the percentage of cases in which infection has ap- peared in previously non-reacting flocks is small, one cannot state which flocks are or are not free from the disease without testing. As has been reported in the discussion on "breaks" the amount of infection is usually small in flocks in which infection reappears. If such flocks were not tested annually, the infection would have an opportunity to multiply and become difficult and costly to eradicate. 2. Testing of All Birds on Premises — During the past year, 60 of the 346 tested flocks were only partially tested, and of these 52 revealed no re- actors; but that does not necessarily mean that the entire flock was neg- ative because it is impossible to determine the true status of every bird on the premises by testing only part of the flock. Flock owners who practice this system of testing may sooner or later find pullorum infection in their flocks. This holds true whether or not the untested birds are used for breeders. Pullorum infection may spread from adult bird to adult bird. Flock owners should not take the risk of permitting infection on the premises. The actual money saved through partial flock testing might be far less than the money lost through retesting and from reduction in sales. A flock owner who follows a sound program will have the advantage over one who follows a plan that contains dangerous loopholes for in- fection to enter his flock. The flock owner who follows an unsound plan should realize that his business may suffer, and that he may indirectly ruin the business operations of other owners who buy from him. Sellers and buyers should have a common interest in their respective enterprises. 3. Official Recognition of Pullorum-Free Flocks — The Massachusetts De- partment of Agriculture recognizes two official grades for pullorum-free flocks: "Massachusetts Pullorum Passed" and "Massachusetts Pullorum Clean." In the final list published by the Department in April 1940, 199 "pullorum clean" flocks representing 374,858 birds and 42 "pullorum passed" flocks representing 52,594 birds were reported. Among the 346 flocks tested, 280 were classified as 100 percent tested and non-reacting, which would make them eligible for one ot the two grades. Hence, 39 flock owners whose flocks were eligible did not avail themselves of a service which may be regarded as a definite aid to the poultry industry. The official lists of "pullorum passed" and "pullorum clean" flocks receive wide distribution among poultrymen in this and other states. 4. National Poultry Improvement Plan — The National Poultry Improve- ment Plan has been in operation for five years and there has been a steady increase in the participation in all phases of the plan and especially in the pullorum-disease control and eradication phase. According to official records, Massachusetts is a participant in the plan. Concerning the pullorum phase, it appears that relatively few Massachusetts poultry- men know that they are actually participating in the plan. Poultrymen 12 arc urged to become more familiar with the different steps in the plan. [nformation concerning the National Plan may be obtained by writing either to the Massachusetts Department of Agriculture, State House, Boston, or to the United States Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C, for Miscellaneous Publication No. 300 (revised January 1940), en- titled "The National Poultry Improvement Plan." The primary objec- tives of the plan should receive careful consideration by the Massachu- setts poultry industry. It should be emphasized, however, that certain features ot the plan are inferior in soundness of disease control and eradication to the Massachusetts regulations. At the Thirteenth Annual Conference of Laboratory Workers in Pul- lorum Disease Control (representing delegates from Connecticut, Del- aware, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, Vir- ginia and West Virginia), held May 22-24, 1940, the following recom- mendations concerning U. S. pullorum grades were unanimously approved: a. That the Conference go on record as reasserting disapproval of the pullorum tested grade. b. That no grade lower than pullorum passed he approved. c. That discontinuing the pullorum clean grade would be a decidedly back- ward step, and that the dropping of this grade be opposed. d. That when breaks occur in hitherto clean flocks, such flocks be removed immediately from the pullorum clean list ; that, when two consecutive agglu- tination tests made on such flocks (the first from four to six weeks follow- ing the disqualifying test, and the second from four to six weeks later) reveal no reactors, the flocks may be returned to the pullorum clean list, provided the disqualifying test showed not more than 0.5 percent infection in the entire tested flock, or there were not more than five positive reactors in the flock. e. That the Conference reassert its adherence to the standard tube agglu- tination method, and that it recognize no other testing method as standard or approved. f. That the rule requiring that all chickens over four months of age be tested shall apply to both pullorum passed and pullorum clean flocks. g. That the Conference place itself on record as strongly urging its members to conduct turkey testing programs, in order to determine the real value of the pullorum agglutination test as applied to turkeys, with the ultimate view of applying the same routine testing plan to turkeys that is now carried out on chickens, provided the method is found to be of real merit. The committee recommends further that until t lie full merits of turkey testing are established, poultrymen be urged not to incubate chicken and turkey eggs on the same premises, and not to brood and rear chickens and turkeys on the same farm or premises. h. That no eggs from pullets be used for hatching until the pullets have been tested and their pullorum-free status has been established. Massachusetts poultrymen are urged to make the fullest use of the official grading of pullorum disease tested flocks. 5. Factors Influencing Efficiency and Economy of Testing — In order that the te^timj, work may be organized on an economical basis and the same 13 high quality service maintained as in the past, continued cooperation of poultrymen in meeting the following suggestions is essential: a. Filing applications. Applications for testing service should be filed by September 1. The early filing of application cards stating the dates at which testing service is desired enables the laboratory to estimate testing demands during sub- sequent months. With this information available, it is possible to employ and train sufficient desirable help early enough in the season to render maximum service. b. Estimating the number of birds to be tested. This should be done as accurately as possible. Later, preliminary notice and verification card permit adjustment of the original estimate. The time allotted for handling a flock is based upon the number of birds to be tested. When a blood collector finds considerably more birds than the verification card states, it may be necessary to arrange for a future date to complete the work. This means added expense and delay in obtaining final testing results. c. Testing i)i September and October. The number of tests requested for the months of November and Decem- ber has become so large that it is difficult to meet demands. More testing in September and October would relieve this congestion. Also, weather conditions are more favorable during these months and more efficient collection of blood samples is possible. d. Forwarding payment. Regulations require payment in full at the rate of live cents per bird prior to the collection of the blood samples. Partial paymenl is not suf- ficient for making final arrangements. Early filing of application for testing service is urged, but payment need not be sent with the application card when it is filed early. c. Preparing for collection of blood samples. The final notice to the flock owner includes the details. Cooperation on the part of the flock owner in being prepared to start work immediately upon arrival of the blood collector, in providing suitable means for pen- ning and catching birds, and in furnishing a sufficient number of assistants is essential if blood collectors' services are to be utilized to the best advan- tage. General flock culling and any other interruptions in the work should be avoided. Following these suggestions permits a greater number of samples to be collected and helps to keep field expenses at a minimum. /. Returning report cards. Post cards for reporting on the services of blood collectors are furnished to each flock owner. These cards should be returned immediately after the collection of blood samples has been completed. Continuous close supervision of blood collection by a field representative is not feasible because of the expense. For this reason, flock owners are requested to report on the services rendered by blood collectors. Prompt return of these cards keeps the laboratory informed on the field work and permits corrective measures to be taken when needed. Publication of this Document Approved by Commission on Administration and Finance 2500-7-'40. No. 3391 Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station Control Series Bulletin No. 104 October, 1940 Inspection of Commercial Feedstuffs By Philip H. Smith This is the forty-sixth report of feeding stuffs inspection and presents the results of analysis of 1,628 samples of feeding stuffs intended for livestock and poultry consumption, collected during the year ending September 1, 1940. MASSACHUSETTS STATE COLLEGE AMHERST, MASS. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS By Philip H. Smith1 It is the intent and purpose cf the Feeding Stuffs Act to prevent fraud and to insure to the consumer information that will make possible the intelligent selection of commercial feedslaffs. With this end in view the law requires manufacturers to label their goods in such a way as to make this information available. The fact that a guarantee is attached to a feeding stuff should not be taken to mean that the feed has exceptional feeding value. Anything not absolutely injurious to animals may be incorporated in a feeding stuff so long as the guarantee tells he truth The purchaser should take nothing for granted, but should read the guarantee and judge for himself. It is a commendable fact that with few excep- tions, manufacturers have been willing to comply fully with the requirements °f Thistle forty-sixth report, contains the analyses of 1,628 samples representing 851 brands of feeding stuffs for the production of which 182 manufacturers were responsible. In addition to the analyses reported, 191 samples of cereal meals and other products not subject to registration were examined for content and PUFoiy'l940 there were registered for sale in Massachusetts 1,215 brands of feeding stuffs produced by 222 manufacturers. While effort is made to collect at least one sample of every brand of feed registered, it has not been found possible to make the collection complete. The State is thoroughly canvassed at least twice each year and it is believed that the samples collected represent the greater part of the tonnage sold. . . . yru:i« Attention is especially called to the table of analytical deficiencies. While an occasional minor lapse is perhaps unavoidable, serious deficiencies often repeated indicate either lack of proper control at the manufacturing plant or intentional dishonesty. For the first time tests on oil and oil products for Vitamin D potency are re In addition to the regular report of inspection an article is included relative to Grain Standards and the consumer. Conclusions are very largely drawn from samples of corn and oats purchased by State Institutions and submitted to the laboratory in order to check against specifications. apector; Cora B. Grover. clerk. 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Exchange Dairy Feed ..... Exchange Growing Feed ..... Exchange Mash Feed ...... a a .2.2 "5 "3 O'ri'3 UQQ CJ-eo "SCNCM 0 aa - r r la -S-2 9) m w *J 03 oj -a 0) fa (3 J3 U 1) a .a a* — o s| a-1 3 d - 4> S a co"-1 cb a M. W. Ellis The Ellis Poultry Mash The Ellis Special Dairy Feed .... a o ■ 03 B ■•! O t- u |oo oSS Saw S J. L. Dunnell & Son Dunnell's Sweetened Dairy Ration Excel 20% Dairy Ration Excel Mash ...... Full Value Mixed Feed .... Horse Feed with Molasses .... Eastern States Farmers' Exchange Eastern States All-Mash Breeder . Eastern States All-Mash Developer Eastern States All-Mash Kgg (1939 registration) Eastern States All-Mash Egg Eastern States Breeder Mash Eastern States Calf Starter .... Eastern States Egg Mash .... Eastern States Fitting Hat ion Eastern States Fulpail Dairy Ration Eastern States Highland 20 ... Eastern States Higliland 16 Dairy Ration Eastern States Hog Meal .... Eastern States Horse Feed .... Eastern States Milkmore Dairy Ration . Eastern States Sixteen .... Eastern States Starting and Broiler Ration Eastern States 32% Supplement Feed . ,H-- — H- co-* 01 t- 30 -r 50 IQ lO CXCOCfNCNOnOOlN t-->j < 9) a, £ o u HrtMHHNOOHHrtOOrtHOO'HOH o >-': l~ C2 oo o ^j r^ c-. t~ rN o — if— i — ocn-"-n«o ^ .c b£ &- fc£ .2 BOS-Sa^ — = 3 ° S ' 0,S TJTH Q] - _.' rf c/5; 0,1-1 -X 1*1 t* g »'3 * • — — O ■ — O & k_ N N I*< 00 1-3 = O bcS fc. o a -^-^Si jjjcocooooooooo o £ E £ BB S BBB = j~.£ i«H^NHC8MHMHilH r- CC— ' CC — I — — 'i— flfl-iMf5 INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 13 MON CO "3 OOOOOMDCOONe^eCNKOO'OOOOOO o o o c 10 ooooocccocooocoooooc o O CI "O O 00 t^t^CCa0O«:;£~-Ccca0t--C. 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CO CO CD - a t: — 450-^ x » 1 2 * * §W MMSrJJ g « <.7S trg-g i X IK t~ Tf lO t^ 00 1> CD 00-* t^-oor^ t- SONO! ooooooo OiO«5tDN>CO OOOOO COOJOCD t- co •* co m m -t t- H CD o r- ■* IM o OOO1O1OOO co co o> oi m «o -* ■^J* CO CO ^ ^ ""Cf CO OOOiOOiOO t- h- Tt< h- O >-i CD 0-1 CD CD t~ O OS 1-1 NrtrtrtHrtCM CO -*CN <# 00 CO CD — I CN >M 5 S 5 S S-s ot~ooof~ us i> to r- to CO OSTf-5 >-3 >-i i-s > o a , « c granulated charcoal H%. man- ganese sulphate .0125%, fortified cod liver oil (containing 3000 Vitamin A units and 400 Vitamin D chick units per gram). Red Comb Egg Mash Ground corn, feeding oat meal, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, corn gluten feed, meat scraps, alfalfa meal, soy bean oil meal, pulverized oats, fish meal, dried buttermilk, dried whey, calcium carbonate (ground limestone) lJ-£%. salt 1%, granulated charcoal H%, man- ganese sulphate .025%, fortified cod liver oil (containing 3000 Vitamin A units and 400 Vitamin D chick units per gram). Red Comb Flushing Mash Whole ground corn, ground barley, dried whey, wheat bran, dried buttermilk. Red Comb Growing Mash Ground corn, fine ground feeding oat meal, pulverized oats, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, corn gluten feed, meat scraps, alfalfa meal, soy bean oil meal, fish meal, dried buttermilk, dried whey, calcium carbonate (ground limestone) lM%t salt 1%, granulated charcoal K%> manganese sulphate .025%, fortified cod liver oil (containing 3000 Vitamin A units and 400 Vitamin D chick units per gram). Red Comb Sup-Pel Fortified cod liver oil (containing 3000 Vitamin A units and 400 Vitamin D chick units per gram), green dehydrated alfalfa meal, dried buttermilk, dried whey, pulverized barley, wheat germ meal, soy bean oil meal. Red Horn 20%, Dairy Feed Cottonseed meal, linseed oil meal, soy bean oil meal, corn distillers dried grains, wheat bran, corn gluten feed, corn gluten meal, malt sprouts, whole ground corn, crimped oats, molasses, salt 1%, calcium carbonate (ground limestone) 1%, corn germ oil meal, steamed bone meal 1%, potassium iodide .0003%. Special Red Horn 20% Dairy Feed Cottonseed meal, linseed oil meal, soy bean oil meal, corn distillers dried grains, wheat bran, corn gluten feed, corn gluten meal, malt sprouts, whole ground corn, crimped oats, ground and bolted screenings from wheat, barley and kafir corn, clipped oat by-product, molasses, salt 1%, calcium carbonate (ground limestone) 1%, corn germ oil meal, steamed bone meal 1%, potassium iodide .0003%. D. Harbeck & Sons Crusader All-Purpose Mash Corn meal, bran, wheat middlings, ground oats, ground barley, ground wheat, meat scraps, fish meal, soya bean meal, gluten meal, alfalfa meal, buttermilk or dried skimmed milk, linseed oil meal, charcoal, salt, calcium carbonate, cod liver oil. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 51 Special 1940 Mash Bran, wheat middlings, corn meal, corn gluten meal, ground oats, ground barley, meat scraps, fish meal, alfalfa meal, soya bean meal, salt, calcium carbonate, cod liver oil. Welcome Dairy Feed Bran, beet pulp, cotton seed meal, corn gluten meal, ground oats, hominy or corn feed meal, oil meal, middlings, calcium carbonate, steamed bone meal 1%, salt 1%. Welcome Growing Mash Corn meal, bran, wheat middlings, ground oats, alfalfa meal, meat scraps, fish meal, buttermilk or dried skimmed milk, ground barley, hominy feed, oil meal, ground wheat, bone meal, calcium carbonate, salt, cod liver oil. Welcome Laying Mash Corn meal, bran, flour middlings, ground oats, meat scraps, fish meal, alfalfa meal, buttermilk or dried skimmed milk, salt, calcium carbonate, cod liver oil. Welcome Starter & Broiler Ration Corn meal, bran, wheat flour middlings, ground oat groats or feeding oat meal, buttermilk or dried skimmed milk, alfalfa meal, meat scraps, fish meal, shell flour, salt, cod liver oil. D. B. Hodgkins' Sons Hodgkins' Growing Mash Corn meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, flour middlings, ground oats, alfalfa meal, dried skim milk, soy bean oil meal, meat scraps, fish meal, oyster shell meal, salt and cod liver oil. Hodgkins' Poultry Mash Ground corn, oats, middlings and bran (with screenings not to exceed mill run), corn gluten feed, soy bean meal, corn gluten meal, ground meat scraps, calcium carbonate, dried skim milk or dried buttermilk, dairy salt, fish meal, alfalfa leaf meal and cod liver oil. Horvitz Grain Co. Mak-M-Lay Laying Mash Cod liver oil, wheat bran, corn meal, gluten feed, ground oats, ground barley, red dog, wheat middlings, soybean meal, meat scraps, alfalfa leaf meal, dried skimmilk, calcium carbonate, charcoal. Wantmore Dairy Ration Hominy feed or corn meal, wheat bran, ground oats, gluten feed, gluten meal, linseed meal, cottonseed meal, wheat middlings, calcium carbonate, salt. Wantmore Dairy with Beet Pulp Hominy feed or corn meal, wheat bran, gluten feed, gluten meal, linseed meal, cottonseed meal, wheat middlings, salt, beet pulp, ground oats, calcium carbonate. Wantmore 24% Sweetened Special Dairy Feed Soybean oil meal, cottonseed meal, corn gluten feed, corn distillers dried grains, yellow corn meal or hominy feed, oat mill feed (oat hulls, oat shorts and oat middlings), wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, cane molasses, calcium carbonate, salt. Wantmore 20r,' Sweetened Special Dairy Feed Soybean oil meal, cottonseed meal, corn gluten feed, corn distillers dried grains, yellow corn meal or hominy feed, oat mill feed (oat hulls, oat shorts and oat middlings), wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, cane molasses, calcium carbonate, salt. Jaquith & Co. Dairy Ration Wheat bran & middlings, cotton seed meal, oil meal, soya bean meal, salt, gluten feed, alfalfa, ground oats and corn, dried grains, minerals, molasses. Growing Mash Ground corn, wheat and oats, soya bean meal, meat and bone meal, salt, dried milk, alfalfa meal, oil meal, Exadol oil. Laying Mash Ground corn, oats and wheat, gluten feed, oil meal, meat scraps, dried milk, soya bean meal, alfalfa meal, Exadol oil, salt. Kasco Mills, Inc. Apex Complete Grower Corn meal, pulverized oats, ground barley, wheat bran, wheat middlings, soybean oil meal, linseed oil meal, alfalfa meal, meat scrap, fish meal, bone meal, dried skim milk, dried whey, lactoflavin concentrate, H of 1% salt, calcite, tested cod liver oil. Apex 20% Dairy Ration Cottonseed meal, corn gluten feed, corn gluten meal, wheat bran, ground wheat screenings, oat mill feed (oat middlings, oat shorts and oat hulls), malt sprouts, dried brewers grains, corn distillers grains, cane molasses, 1% salt, 1% calcite, soybean oil meal. Apex Growing Mash Corn meal, pulverized oats, ground barley, wheat bran, wheat middlings, linseed oil meal, soybean oil meal, alfalfa meal, meat scrap, fish meal, bone meal, dried skim milk, dried whey, lactoflavin concentrate, % of 1% salt, calcite, tested cod liver oil. 52 CONTROL BULLETIN No. 104 Beatsall Milk Grains Wheat bran, wheat middlings, linseed oil meal, corn distillers grains, corn gluten feed, corn gluten meal, cottonseed meal, soybean oil meal, hominy feed, % of 1% salt, 1% calcite, beet pulp, molasses. Kasco All Mash Chick Starter Wheat reddog, oatmeal, wheat middlings, wheat bran, corn meal, meat scrap, fish meal, bone meal, linseed oil meal, soybean oil meal, pulverized oats, dried skim milk, dried whey, lacto- flavin concentrate, H of 1% salt, tested cod liver oil, calcite, alfalfa leaf meal, .0063% man- ganese sulphate. Kasco All Mash Laying & Breeding Ration Corn meal, pulverized oats, oatmeal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, wheat reddog, linseed oil meal, soybean oil meal, ground barley, meat scrap, bone meal, fish meal, dried skim milk, dried whey, lactoflavin concentrate, Jicll% salt, calcite, tested cod liver oil, alfalfa leaf meal, .0063% manganese sulphate. Kasco Body Builder Corn meal, corn germ meal, molasses, ground oatmeal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, wheat reddog, ground barley, linseed oil meal, alfalfa leaf meal, meat scrap, bone meal, fish meal, soybean oil meal, dried skim milk, dried whey, pulverized oats, tested cod liver oil, J^ of 1% salt, calcite. Kasco Egg Producer Wheat bran, wheat middlings, corn meal, linseed oil meal, soybean oil meal, pulverized oats, ground barley, meat scrap, bone meal, fish meal, dried skim milk, dried whey, lactoflavin concentrate, 3/i of 1% salt, calcite, .0125% manganese sulphate, tested cod liver oil, alfalfa meal. Kasco 20% Milk Maker Cottonseed meal, linseed oil meal, dried brewers grains, corn distillers grains, corn gluten feed, corn gluten meal, soybean oil meal, corn meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, ground oats, ground barley, % of 1% salt, 1% calcite, molasses, malt sprouts. Kasco Open Formula 20% Dairy Ration Wheat bran, wheat middlings, ground barley, ground oats, malt sprouts, dried brewers grains, corn distillers grains, corn gluten feed, soybean oil meal, 41% cottonseed meal, hominy feed, cane molasses, salt, calcite. Kasco Poultry Flushing Mash Wheat reddog, oatmeal, wheat middlings, wheat bran, corn meal, pulverized oats, meat scrap, fish meal, bone meal, linseed oil meal, soybean oil meal, dried whey, lactoflavin concentrate, }/2 of 1% salt, tested cod liver oil, calcite, alfalfa leaf meal. Kasco Sweet 16% Dairy Feed Wheat bran, corn gluten feed, corn gluten meal, cottonseed meal, soybean oil meal, ground oats, ground barley, ground wheat screenings, corn meal, oat mill feed (oat middlings, oat hulls, oat shorts), malt sprouts, dried brewers grains, corn distillers grains, molasses, 1% salt, 1% calcite. Larrowe Milling Co. Larro the Ready Ration for Dairy Cows Cottonseed meal, yellow corn meal, wheat standard middlings, soybean oil meal, o. p. linseed oil meal, corn gluten feed, corn distillers dried grains, dried beet pulp, wheat bran, H% lime- stone, 1% salt. Larro Broiler Feed Yellow corn meal, wheat standard middlings, corn gluten meal, alfalfa meal, wheat bran, meat and bone scraps, soybean oil meal, fish meal, ground oats, dried buttermilk, dried skimmed milk, dried whey, fortified cod liver oil, 2% limestone, H% salt, .01% manganese dioxide. Larro Chick Builder Wheat bran, yellow corn meal, wheat standard middlings, ground barley, meat and bone scraps, soybean oil meal, fish meal, alfalfa meal, dried buttermilk, dried skimmed milk, dried whey, ground oats, fortified cod liver oil, 23^% limestone, H% salt, .01% manganese dioxide. Larro 16 Dairy Feed Cottonseed meal, corn gluten feed, corn distillers dried grains, wheat standard middlings, o. p. linseed oil meal, yellow corn meal, dried beet pulp, wheat bran, 1% salt. Larro Egg Mash Wheat bran, yellow corn meal, wheat standard middlings, ground barley, meat and bone scraps, soybean oil meal, fish meal, alfalfa meal, dried buttermilk, dried skimmed milk, dried whey, ground oats, fortified cod liver oil, 2J^% limestone, H% salt, .01% manganese dioxide. Larro Turkey Builder Wheat standard middlings, yellow corn meal, ground barley, meat and bone scraps, fish meal, soybean oil meal, dried buttermilk, dried skimmed milk, dried whey, alfalfa meal, wheat bran, ground oats, fortified cod liver oil, lJ-^% limestone, H% salt, .01% manganese dioxide. Larro Turkey Finisher Yellow corn meal, wheat standard middlings, wheat bran, meat and bone scraps, soybean oil meal, ground barley, ground oats, dried buttermilk, dried skimmed milk, dried whey, alfalfa meal, 2J-£% limestone, H% salt. Mansfield Coal & Grain Co. Manco 20% Dairy Feed Dried brewers grains, ground oats, wheat bran, yellow corn meal, 41% cottonseed meal, mo- lasses, 41% soybean meal, corn gluten feed, 32% linseed meal, ground barley, bone meal, salt. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 53 Manco Laying Mash Wheat standard middlings, yellow corn meal, wheat bran, ground barley, 58% protein fish meal, dried skim milk, 50% protein meat scraps, 41% soybean meal, ground oats, alfalfa meal, corn gluten meal, oyster shell meal or calcium carbonate, cod liver oil or concentrated oil, salt. Mansfield Milling Co. Mansfield Chick-Growing Mash Vitamelk base, ground yellow corn, wheat middlings, charcoal, wheat bran, meat scraps, alfalfa leaf meal, red dog flour, fish meal, feeding oat meal, soy bean oil meal, 1% salt, 2% calcium carbonate. Mansfield Chick-Starter Vitamelk base, yellow corn meal, wheat middlings, wheat bran, alfalfa leaf meal, meat scraps, salt H%i pulverized oats, bone meal, soy bean oil meal, calcium carbonate 1J^%. Mansfield Dry Poultry Mash Vitamelk base, ground yellow corn, wheat bran, meat scraps, wheat middlings, alfalfa meal, pulverized oats, soy bean oil meal, bone meal, corn gluten feed, wheat red dog flour, 2% calcium carbonate, 1% salt. Mansfield Sweetened "20" Dairy Ration Wheat bran, wheat middlings, dried brewers grains, cotton seed meal, corn gluten feed, corn meal, hominy, linseed oil meal, ground oats, cane molasses, edible bone meal, calcium carbonate, salt. Maritime Milling Co., Inc. B B Complete Chick Starter Ration Fortified cod liver oil, kelp meal, dried cheese whey, dried buttermilk, California alfalfa leaf meal, wheat standard middlings, wheat bran, ground wheat, corn gluten meal, corn meal, pulverized heavy oats, pulverized barley, soya bean oil meal, ground oat meal, meat and bone meal, fish meal, calcium carbonate, salt, potassium iodide and manganese sulphate. Sweetened B B Bull Brand "20" Dairy Ration Dried brewers grams, corn distillers grains, cotton seed meal, corn gluten feed, soya bean oil meal, o. p. linseed oil meal, hominy feed, corn meal, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, molasses, steamed bone meal, calcium carbonate, salt and potassium iodide. B B Bull Brand Dry and Fresh Cow Fitting Ration Dried beet pulp, hominy feed, corn meal, alfalfa meal, soya bean nil meal, crushed oats, wheat bran, o. p. linseed oil meal, corn gluten feed, molasses, kelp meal, steamed bone meal, calcium carbonate, salt, potassium iodide, irradiated brewers yeast. B B Fattening Mash Dried cheese whey, dried buttermilk, wheat flour middlings, wheat standard middlings, corn meal, corn germ meal, dehydrated alfalfa meal, pulverized barley, pulverized heavy oats, o. p. linseed oil meal, feeding rolled oats, meat and bone meal, calcium carbonate, salt. B B Flushing and Conditioning Mash Fortified cod liver oil, shark liver oil, dried cheese whey, dried buttermilk, dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, wheat standard middlings, corn meal, ground oat meal, soya bean oil meal, meat and bone meal, fish meal, calcium carbonate, salt, potassium iodide. B B Growing Mash Fortified cod liver oil, dried cheese whey, dried buttermilk, dehydrated alfalfa meal, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, ground wheat, corn meal, pulverized heavy oats, pulverized barley, ground oat meal, soya bean oil meal, corn gluten meal, meat and bone meal, fish meal, calcium carbonate, salt, potassium iodide, manganese sulphate. B B Layer & Breeder Mash Fortified cod liver oil, liver meal, kelp meal, dried cheese whey, dried buttermilk, California alfalfa leaf meal, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, soya bean oil meal, corn gluten meal, corn meal, pulverized heavy oats, pulverized barley, ground oat meal, meat and bone meal, fish meal, calcium carbonate, salt, potassium iodide, manganese sulphate. Daisy Egg Mash 4 Dried buttermilk, alfalfa meal, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, soya bean oil meal, corn gluten meal, corn meal, pulverized barley, pulverized oats, meat and bone meal, fish meal, calcium carbonate, salt, manganese sulphate. (With or without fortified cod liver oil). Hi-Test Dairy Feed 24 ( { Pro. Sweetened Dried brewers grains, cotton seed meal, corn gluten feed, soya bean oil meal, hominy feed, corn meal, ground oats, cleaned, pulverized and bolted screenings from wheal, oats, and barley, wheat bran, molasses, steamed bone meal, calcium carbonate, salt. Hi-Test Dairy Feed 20% Pro. Sweetened Dried brewers grains, cotton seed meal, corn gluten feed, soya bean oil meal, hominy feed, ground oats, corn meal, cleaned, pulverized and bolted screenings from wheat, oats, and barley, wheat bran, molasses, steamed bone meal, calcium carbonate, salt. Middlesex County Farm Bureau Association Farm Bureau AH Mash Developer Corn meal, wheat bran, standard gray middlings, ground oats 3C lb., ground barley, alfalfa leaf meal, soybean oil meal, skim milk, meat scraps 50%, oyster shell meal (manganese), cod liver oil (super), salt. 54 CONTROL BULLETIN No. 104 Farm Bureau All Mash Laying Yellow corn meal, wheat bran, standard middlings, ground oats 36 lb., dried skim milk, alfalfa leaf meal, meat scraps 50%, fish meal 58%, oyster shell meal, cod liver oil (super), salt. Farm Bureau Battery Mash Yellow corn meal, wheat bran, standard middlings, ground oats, alfalfa leaf meal, dried skim milk, meat scraps 50%, oyster shell flour (manganese), salt, cod liver oil (super), soybean oil meal. Farm Bureau Breeder and Laying Mash 20% Corn meal, Xtrafine ground oats, wheat bran, soybean oil meal 41%, alfalfa leaf meal, flour middlings, meat scraps 50%, fish meal 58%, powdered milk, whey powder, oyster shell flour (manganese), cod liver oil (super), salt. Farm Bureau Complete Laying Mash Yellow corn meal, wheat bran, standard gray middlings, ground oats 36 lb., ground barley, alfalfa leaf meal, soybean meal 41%, meat scraps 50%, fish meal 58%, salt, oyster shell meal (manganese), fortified cod liver oil. Farm Bureau Dairy Ration 24% Corn meal, ground oats 36 lb., standard wheat bran, corn distillers grain, cottonseed meal 41%, soybean meal 41%, corn gluten feed, linseed oil meal, cane molasses, calcium carbonate, salt. Farm Bureau Dairy Ration 20% Corn meal, ground oats, standard wheat, bran, corn distillers grain, cottonseed meal 41%, soybean oil meal 41%, corn gluten feed, linseed oil meal, cane molasses, ground barley, calcium carbonate, salt. Farm Bureau Dairy Ration 16% Corn meal, ground oats 36 lb., standard wheat bran, corn distillers grain, corn gluten feed, ground barley, cane molasses, cottonseed meal 41%, soybean oil meal 41^;, linseed oil meal, calcium carbonate, salt. Farm Bureau Dairy Ration 12% Corn meal, crimped oats, standard wheat bran, ground barley, cane molasses, alfalfa leaf meal, soybean oil meal 41%, linseed oil meal, cod liver oil (super), calcium carbonate, salt. Farm Bureau Laying Mash Yellow corn meal, ground oats, wheat bran, soybean oil meal, alfalfa leaf meal, cod liver oil (super), standard middlings, meat scraps 50%, fish meal 58%, ground barley, oyster shell meal (manganese), dicalcium phosphate, salt. Farm Bureau Turkey Fattener Yellow corn meal, wheat bran, standard middlings, ground oats 36-lb., ground barley, alfalfa leaf meal, 45% meat scraps, dried skim milk, 41% soybean oil meal, corn gluten meal, oyster shell meal, salt. Farm Bureau Turkey Growing Ration Corn meal, standard bran, standard middlings, fine ground oats, 36-lb., fine ground barley, alfalfa leaf meal, meat scraps 50%, fish meal 58%, gluten meal, soybean oil meal 41%, dried skim milk, manganese oyster shell flour, salt, cod liver oil (super). Geo. 0- Moon & Co., Inc. Crescent Laying Mash Corn meal, wheat bran (with ground screenings not to exceed mill run), soybean oil meal, pulverized oats, ground oats, corn gluten feed, alfalfa meal, meat scraps, fish meal, cod liver oil, dried skimmed milk, salt, calcium carbonate, manganese sulphate, molasses, V. D. (Vita- dine), wheat germ oil. Moon's Complete Growing Mash Yellow corn meal, standard middlings, bran (with ground screenings not to exceed mill run), pulverized oats, meat scraps, dried skim milk, alfalfa meal, ground limestone, salt, cod liver oil, Vitadine, soybean oil meal, bone meal, manganese sulphate, wheat germ oil. Moon's Complete Laying Mash Corn meal, standard middlings, wheat bran (with ground screenings not to exceed mill run), white wheat middlings, meat scrap, dried skim milk, bone meal, salt, calcium carbonate, alfalfa meal, cod liver oil, soybean oil meal, pulverized oats, manganese sulphate, corn gluten feed, V. D. (Vitadine), wheat germ oil. Moon's 24% Dairy Ration Corn gluten feed, corn distillers grains, hominy feed, soybean oil meal, peanut oil meal, o. p. linseed oil meal, cottonseed meal, wheat bran (with ground screenings not to exceed mill run), calcium carbonate, salt, molasses, rye distillers grains, babassu meal, palm kernel meal. Moon's Fattener Mash Hominy feed, pulverized oats, low grade flour, fine ground barley, corn germ meal, linseed oil meal, standard middlings, meat scrap, sail. Moon's Laying Mash Standard middlings, wheat bran (with ground screenings not to exceed mill run), ground barley, meat scrap, fish meal, soybean oil meal, pulverized oats, corn gluten feed, corn meal, wheal flour middlings, hominy feed, alfalfa meal, dried skim milk, dried buttermilk, calcium carbonate, salt, cod liver oil, manganese sulphate, Vitadine, wheat germ oil. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 55 Moon's Turkey Growing Mash Corn meal, hominy feed, standard middlings, wheat bran (with ground screenings not to exceed mill run), pulverized oats, alfalfa meal, soybean oil meal, meat scrap, fish meal, gluten feed, skimmed milk, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, cod liver oil, Vitadine, wheat germ oil. Moon's Turkey Starting Mash Corn meal, hominy feed, standard middlings, wheat bran (with ground screenings not to exceed mill run), pulverized oats, alfalfa meal, soybean meal, meat scrap, fish meal, gluten feed, skimmed milk, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, cod liver oil, V. D. (Vitadine), wheat germ oil. Open Formula Dairy Ration Wheat bran, yellow hominy feed, ground oats, corn gluten feed, cottonseed meal, soybean oil meal, o. p. linseed oil meal, corn distillers dried grains, molasses, dicalcium phosphate, salt. Special A Dairy 20% Ration Corn gluten feed, corn distillers grains, rye distillers grains, cottonseed meal, o. p. linseed oil meal, wheat bran (with ground screenings not to exceed mill run), soybean oil meal, peanut oil meal, hominy feed, calcium carbonate, salt, molasses, babassu meal, palm kernel meal. U. S. 24% Dairy Ration Corn gluten feed, rye distillers grains, corn distillers grains, hominy feed, corn meal, soybean oil meal, peanut oil meal, o. p. linseed oil meal, cottonseed meal, alfalfa meal, wheat bran (with ground screenings not to exceed mill run), ground grain screenings, ground and bolted clipped oat by-products, calcium carbonate, salt, molasses, ground barley, babassu meal, palm kernel meal, murumuru meal. U. S. 20% Dairy Ration Tucum meal, corn gluten feed, soybean oil meal, peanut oil meal, wheat bran (with ground screenings not to exceed mill run), ground and bolted clipped oat by-product, alfalfa meal, cottonseed meal, rye distillers grains, corn distillers grains, calcium carbonate, ground screen- ings from wheat, salt, molasses, ground barley, murumuru meal, babassu meal, palm kernel meal. New England Grain Co. New England Broiler Ration Ground corn, wheat, barley, wheat bran, flour middlings, feeding oatmeal, meat scraps, fish meal, alfalfa leaf meal, dried milk, calcium carbonate (shell flour), cod liver oil, salt. New England Economy 20% Dairy Feed Gluten feed, cotton seed meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, soy bean meal, oat by-products, linseed oil meal, dried distillers grains, corn meal, molasses, salt. New England Economy Laying Mash Ground corn, wheat and oats, wheat bran, wheat middlings, meat scraps, linseed oil meal, fish meal, alfalfa leaf meal, dried milk, cod liver oil, shell flour, molasses, salt. New England Economy Starter & Growing Feed Ground wheat, corn & oats, wheat bran, flour middlings, meat scraps, alfalfa leaf meal, fish meal, dried milk, shell flour, molasses, cod liver oil, salt. New England Egg Mash Feeding oatmeal, ground corn, ground wheat, pure wheat bran, flour middlings, alfalfa leaf meal, meat scraps, fish meal, dried milk, calcium carbonate, cod liver oil, salt. New England Open Formula 20% Dairy Feed Linseed oil meal, corn distillers dried grains, gluten feed, gluten meal, pure wheat bran, corn meal, choice cotton seed meal, wheat middlings, cane molasses, cattle bone meal, salt, calcium carbonate. New England Turkey Grower Red dog, corn meal, barley, wheat, middlings, soybean meal, milk, meat scraps, fish meal, leaf meal, bran, ground oats, shell flour, cod liver oil. 3 in 1 Mash, Starting, Growing and Laying Cod liver oil, cod liver meal, dried milk, feeding oatmeal, alfalfa leaf meal, fish meal, meat meal, flour middlings, pure wheat bran, ground corn, shell flour, ground wheat, molasses, salt. New England Retail Grain Dealers Cooperative Association, Inc. New England Quality Chick Starter Meat meal, fish meal, blood flour meal, oatmeal, pulverized oats, yellow corn meal, corn hominy, wheat bran, flour middlings, soybean meal, alfalfa meal, skim or buttermilk, dried whey, fortified cod liver oil, bone charcoal, iron sulphate, manganese sulphate, calcium carbon- ate, iodized salt. New England Quality Complete Laying Mash Corn meal, soybean meal, gluten meal, meat meal, choice alfalfa, wheat bran, wheat middlings, skimmilk, pulverized heavy oats, fortified cod liver oil, minerals: manganese sulphate, iron sulphate, calcium carbonate, bone charcoal, iodized salt. New England Quality 20% Dairy Feed Choice cottonseed meal, o. p. linseed oil meal, gluten feed, 28% corn distillers, soybean meal, ground wheat, wheat bran (may contain screenings), standard middlings, heavy ground oats, corn meal or corn hominy feed, choice malt sprouts, 24% brewers grains, cane molasses, bone charcoal, iron sulphate, iodized salt. 56 CONTROL BULLETIN No. 104 New England Quality 16% Dairy Feed Corn distillers grains, soybean oil meal, o. p. linseed oil meal, corn gluten feed, choice cotton- seed meal, ground barley, wheat bran (may contain screenings), ground oats, malt sprouts, corn meal or hominy feed, cane molasses, bone charcoal, iron sulphate, calcium carbonate, iodized salt. New England Quality Laying Mash Meat meal, fish meal, skim or buttermilk, dried whey, cod liver oil, yellow corn meal, heavy ground oats, whole ground wheat, ground barley, red dog flour, wheat bran, gluten meal, soybean, alfalfa meal, bone charcoal, iron sulphate, manganese sulphate, calcium carbonate, iodized salt. New England Yankee 20% Dairy Ration Corn distillers grains, choice malt sprouts, corn gluten feed, o. p. linseed oil meal, corn feed meal or hominy, wheat bran (may contain screenings), dried brewers grains, choice cottonseed meal, soybean oil meal, cane molasses, iodized salt, calcium carbonate. New England Yankee Egg Mash Meat meal, fish meal, soybean oil meal, corn gluten meal, skim or buttermilk, dried whey, o. p. linseed oil meal, yellow corn meal, wheat bran (may contain screenings), pulverized oats, wheat flour middlings, wheat standard middlings, choice alfalfa, ground barley, iodized salt, calcium carbonate, manganese sulphate, USP cod liver oil, steam bone meal. New England Yankee Growing Mash Meat meal, fish meal, corn gluten meal, soybean oil meal, o. p. linseed oil meal, skim or butter- milk, yellow corn meal, pulverized oats, standard bran (may contain screenings), standard middlings, flour middlings, choice alfalfa, steam bone meal, iodized salt, calcium carbonate. Ogden Grain Co. Cloverbloom 24% Dairy Feed Gluten meal, gluten feed, soyabean oil meal, corn meal or hominy, wheat bran, cotton seed meal, ground oats, oat feed (oat shorts, oat hulls, oat middlings), calcium carbonate, cane molasses, salt. Cloverbloom 209< Dairy Feed Corn gluten feed, cotton seed meal, old process linseed oil meal, soyabean oil meal, dried brewers grains, wheat bran, ground wheat screenings, oat feed (oat hulls, oat shorts, oat middlings), corn meal or hominy, cane molasses, salt, calcium carbonate. Pilgrim "Cackle" 20% Layer — Breeder Dried skim milk, alfalfa meal, pulverized oats, meat scraps, fish meal, gluten meal, corn meal, soyabean oil meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, oyster shell meal, cod liver oil, salt, potassium iodide, manganese, Vitadine. Pilgrim Growing Mash Alfalfa meal, dried skim milk, meat scraps, fish meal, wheat middlings, wheat bran, pulverized oats, corn meal, oyster shell meal, salt, cod liver oil, potassium iodide. Pilgrim Starter & Broiler Ration Corn meal, gluten meal, soyabean oil meal, alfalfa leaf meal, fine ground oats, meat scraps, fish meal, wheat bran, standard middlings, red dog middlings, dried skim milk, cod liver oil, oyster shell meal, salt, potassium iodide. Thrift 20% Dairy Feed Soyabean oil meal, old process linseed oil meal, corn gluten feed, gluten meal, ground corn, ground oats, ground wheat, cottonseed meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings (may contain mill run screenings), dried brewers grains, molasses, calcium carbonate, salt, potassium iodide. Park & Pollard Co. Bidwell 20% Dairy Ration Wheat bran, linseed oil meal, malt sprouts, gluten feed, ground oats, gluten meal, brewers dried grains, soybean oil meal, ground barley, cottonseed meal, ground grain screenings from wheat, oats, barley, buckwheat and milo, molasses, calcium carbonate, salt. Bidwell Laying Mash Dried buttermilk, alfalfa meal, corn meal, ground oats, ground barley, wheat bran contain mill run wheat screenings), wheat middlings, fish meal, meat ami bone meal, linseed oil meal, corn gluten meal, soybean oil meal, calcium carbonate, manganese sulphate, vitamin tested cod liver oil, salt. Doublex 24' , Dairy Ration Wheal bran, linseed oil meal, brewers dried grain:-, soyl ean i il meal, hominy, ground c ,■ i-, malt sprouts, corn gluten meal, cottonseed meal, corn gluten leed, ground grain screenings from wheat, oats, barley, buckwheat and mild, molasses, calcium carbi Date, salt. Doublex 20% Dairy Ration i i eel nil meal, corn gluten feed, brewers dried grains, ground oats, corn glut en meal, soybean oil meal, hominy, corn distillers grains, ground barley, wheat bran, malt sprouts, cottonseed m» d, ground grain screenings from wheat, oats, barley, buckwheat and milo, molasses, calcium carbonate, salt . Doublex 16' , Dairy Ration ( lorn distillers grains, ground oats, ground barley, brewers dried grains, malt sprouts, linseed oil meal, cottonseed meal, ground grain screenings from wheat, oats, barley, buckwheat, and in!., hominy, soybean oil meal, corn gluten feed, molasses, calcium carbonate, salt. Lay or Bust Dry Mash Dried auttermilk, alfalfa leaf meal, corn gluten meal, fish meal, ground yellow corn, ground barley, meat scrap, linseed oil meal, ground oats, soybean oil meal, wheat bran (may contain mill run wheat screenings), wheat middlings, calcium carbonate, salt, manganese sulphate, vitamin tested coil liver oil. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 57 Manamar Doublex 20%, Dairy Ration Kelp, Pacific Coast fish meal, marine sea shells, linseed oil meal, corn gluten feed, brewers dried grains, ground oats, corn gluten meal, soybean oil meal, hominy, ground barley, corn distillers grains, wheat bran, malt sprouts, cottonseed meal, ground grain screenings from wheat, oats, barley, buckwheat and milo, molasses, calcium carbonate, salt. Manamar Life Cycle Mash Kelp, Pacific Coast fish meal, marine sea shells, meat scrap, wheat bran (may contain mill run wheat screenings), wheat middlings, ground yellow corn, soybean oil meal, ground oats, ground barley, alfalfa leaf meal, corn gluten meal, dried buttermilk, manganese sulphate, vitamin tested cod liver oil. Milkmaid 24% Sweetened Dairy Ration Corn gluten feed, linseed oil meal, cottonseed meal, ground barley, corn distillers dried grains, soybean oil meal, wheat bran, brewers dried grains, malt sprouts, corn gluten meal, corn meal, molasses, calcium carbonate, salt. Milkmaid 20% Dairy Ration Corn gluten feed, linseed oil meal, cottonseed meal, ground barley, corn distillers dried grains, soybean oil meal, ground oats, wheat bran, brewers dried grains, malt sprouts, corn gluten meal, corn meal, cane molasses, calcium carbonate, salt. Park & Pollard Fleshing Pellets Yellow corn meal, ground barley, ground oats, soybean oil meal, dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, meat scrap, wheat bran (may contain mill run wheat screenings), wheat middlings, linseed oil meal, gluten feed, molasses, dried buttermilk, calcium carbonate, salt, cod liver oil. Park & Pollard Growing Feed Dried buttermilk, alialfa leaf meal, fish meal, linseed oil meal, ground yellow corn, ground barley, meat scrap, wheat bran (may contain mill run wheat screenings), wheat middlings, ground oats, corn gluten meal, calcium carbonate, salt, manganese sulphate, vitamin tested cod liver oil. Park & Pollard Manamar Fitting Ration Kelp, Pacific Coast fish meal, marine sea shells, linseed oil meal, ground oats, 'urn meal, ground barley, wheat bran, molasses, calcium carbonate, cracked corn, crushed oats, salt. Park & Pollard Starter & Broiler Mash Ground yellow corn, wheat bran, wheat flour middlings, pulverized oats, ground barley, fish meal, meat scrap, corn gluten meal, soybean oil meal, alfalfa leaf meal, calcium carbonate, manganese sulphate, sail , dried skim milk, vitamin tested cod liver oil. Park & Pollard Turkey Grower Yellow corn meal, ground barley, dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, ground oats, meat scrap, wheat bran, wheat middlings, corn gluten meal, soybean <>il meal, dried bu1 termilk, dried skim milk, calcium carbonate, salt, manganese sulphate, vitamin tested cod liver oil. George H. Parker Grain Co. Parker's Egg Mash Yellow corn meal, wheal bran, wheat middling! , ground oats, feeding oatmeal, dried skimmed milk, meat scraps, fish meal, alfalfa leaf meal, edible bone meal, calcium carbonate, charcoal, salt, cod liver oil. Parker's Growing Mash Yellow corn meal, wheat bran, pulverized oats, alfalfa leaf meal, wheat middlings, ground barley, meat scraps, fish meal, Boy bean meal, dried skimmed milk, calcium carbonate, salt, cod liver oil, sardine oil, manganese. Parker's Special Dairy Ration Wheat bran, yellow corn meal, hominy, old process linseed meal, oat feed, corn gluten feed, cottonseed meal, molasses, calcium carbonate, steamed bone meal, salt. Parker's Starter & Broiler Mash Yellow corn meal, wheal bran, wheat middlings, feeding oat meal, dried skimmed milk, soy bean meal, meat scraps, fish meal, alfalfa leaf meal, e onate, salt, cod liver oil, manganese. H. C. Puffer Co. Egg-Em-On Growing Mash Corn feed meal, corn gluten feed, ground barley, ground oats, soy bean meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, meat scrap, fish meal, dried milk, alfalfa meal, cod liver oil, salt, calcium carbonate, manganese sulphate. Egg-Em-On Laying Mash Dried milk, fish meal, meat scraps, wheat bran, wheat middlings (not exceeding mill run screenings), corn feed meal, corn gluten feed, ground oats, soy bean meal, linseed meal, alialfa meal, cod liver oil, small percentage salt, calcium carbonate, manganese sulphate. Egg-Em-On Starter & Broiler Corn feed meal, corn gluten feed, feeding oatmeal, ground oats, wheat bran, wheat middlings, red dog middlings, ground barley, alfalfa leaf meal, fish meal, dried milk, meat scrap, cod liver oil, small percentage salt, calcium carbonate, dicalcium phosphate, manganese sulphate, soy bean meal. Producer Dairy Feed Linseed oilmeal, cottonseed meal, corn gluten feed, soy bean meal, ground oats, corn feed meal or hominy, wheat bran (not exceeding mill run screenings), small percentage salt, calcium carbonate, edible bone meal, wheat middlings. 58 CONTROL BULLETIN No. 104 Sweetened Producer Dairy Feed Linseed oil meal, cottonseed meal, corn gluten feed, corn feed meal or hominy, wheat bran (not exceeding mill run of screenings), oat feed, soy bean meal, molasses, small percentage salt, calcium carbonate, edible bone meal. Quaker Oats Co. Big Egg Laying Mash Hominy feed, yellow hominy feed, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, corn gluten meal, ground oats, fish meal, cod liver meal, soybean oil meal, meat scraps, fortified sardine oil, dried buttermilk, cane molasses, dehydrated alfalfa meal, % of 1 % salt. Ful-O-Pep Broiler Mash Oatmeal, yellow hominy feed, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, barley feed, corn gluten meal, soybean oil meal, fish meal, cod liver meal, meat scraps, fortified sardine oil, dried whey, dried buttermilk, cane molasses, dehydrated alfalfa meal, dehydrated cereal grass (from wheat, oats, rye, and barley), % of 1% salt. Ful-O-Pep Chick Starter Oatmeal, yellow hominy feed, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, fish meal, cod liver meal, meat scraps, soybean oil meal, fortified sardine oil, dried whey, dried buttermilk, cane molasses, dehydrated alfalfa meal, dehydrated cereal grass (from wheat, oats, rye, and barley), % of 1% salt. Ful-O-Pep Egg Breeder Mash Oatmeal, hominy feed, yellow hominy feed, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, barley feed, fish meal, cod liver meal, meat scraps, fortified sardine oil, dried whey, dried buttermilk, cane molasses, dehydrated alfalfa meal, dehydrated cereal grass (from wheat, oats, rye, and barley), M of 1% salt. Ful-O-Pep Growing Mash Oatmeal, yellow hominy feed, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, barley feed, fish meal, cod liver meal, meat scraps, fortified sardine oil, dried whey, dried buttermilk, cane molasses, dehydrated alfalfa meal, dehydrated cereal grass (from wheat, oats, rye, and barley), % of 1% salt. Quaker 24% Protein Dairy Ration Crushed oats, hominy feed, yellow hominy feed, barley feed, cottonseed meal, corn distillers grains, corn gluten feed, soybean oil meal, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, oat mill feed (oat hulls, oat shorts, oat middlings), 1% salt, 1% iodized ground limestone, 1% bone meal, cane molasses. Quaker 20% Protein Dairy Ration Crushed oats, hominy feed, yellow hominy feed, barley feed, cottonseed meal, corn distillers grains, corn gluten feed, soybean oil meal, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, oat mill feed (oat hulls, oat shorts, oat middlings), 1% salt, 1% iodized ground limestone, 1% bone meal, cane molasses. Quaker 16% Protein Dairy Ration Crushed oats, hominy feed, yellow hominy feed, barley feed, cottonseed meal, soybean oil meal, corn gluten feed, corn distillers grains, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, oat mill feed (oat hulls, oat shorts, oat middlings), 1% salt, 1% iodized ground limestone, 1%, bone meal, cane molasses. Quaker Sugared Schumacher Feed Ground corn, hominy feed, yellow hominy feed, barley feed, cottonseed meal, soybean oil meal, low grade wheat flour, wheat standard middlings, oat mill feed (oat hulls, oat shorts, oat middlings), 1% salt, 1%, iodized ground limestone, 1% bone meal, cane molasses. Ralston Purina Co. Protena 20f , Dairy Feed Soy bean oil meal, cottonseed meal, corn gluten feed, wheat middlings (standard), alfalfa meal, wheat bran, ground grain screenings (from wheat, corn, oats, barley, kafir), molasses, 2% calcium carbonate (limestone), 1% iodized salt. Purina Breeder Lay Chow Flavin concentrate, carotene, cod liver oil, sardine oil, dried buttermilk, meat scrap, soy bean oil meal, fish meal, alfajfa meal, corn germ meal, wheat middlings (standard), wheat bran, corn meal, ground oats, 1% iodized salt, 3% calcium carbonate (limestone). Purina Broiler Chow Corn gluten meal, flavin concentrate, carotene, cod liver oil, sardine oil, meat scrap, fish meal, soy bean oil meal, dried buttermilk, alfalfa leaf meal, corn meal, ground oats, wheat middlings (standard), wheat bran, alfalfa meal, 1 H% calcium carbonate (limestone), Vi% iodized salt. Purina Bulky Las Chow (Buffalo Mill) Dried beet pulp, wheat bran, molasses, wheat middlings (standard), alfalfa meal, 2% calcium carbonate (limestone), 2% iodized salt. Purina Chick Growena I l.ivin concentrate, carotene, cod liver oil, sardine oil, meat scrap, fish meal, soy bean oil meal, wheat germ, dried buttermilk, alfalfa meal, corn meal, dried beet pulp, wheat middlings (grey), wheat bran, 1 y% iodized salt, 4% calcium carbonate (limestone). Purina Turkey Startena Flavin concentrate, carotene, cod liver oil, sardine oil, meat scrap, fish meal, alfalfa leaf meal, wheat germ, dried buttermilk, ground oats, corn meal, soy bean oil meal, wheat middlings (grey), wheat bran, 2% calcium carbonate (limestone), Js% iodized salt. D. F. Riley Riley's 20% Dairy Ration Gluten feed, wheat middlings, linseed oil meal (or soy bean meal), 41% cottonseed meal, wheat bran, dried brewer grains, ground oats, corn meal (or hominy), bone meal, molasses, calcium carbonate, salt. Riley's Laying Mash Wheat middlings, wheat bran, yellow corn meal, gluten feed, ground oats, beef scraps, fish meal, dried skim milk, o. p. oil meal, alfalfa leaf meal, calcium carbonate, cod liver oil, salt. Roy Grain Co. Chick Starter and Grower Wheat bran, wheat middlings, pulverized oats, yellow corn meal, meat scraps, fish meal, soy- bean oil meal, dried milk, dehydrated alfalfa meal, fortified sardine oil, calcium carbonate, salt. Roy's Hen Mash Wheat bran, wheat middlings, pulverized oats, ground heavy oats, yellow corn meal, meat scraps, fish meal, soybean oil meal, dried milk, dehydrated alfalfa meal, fortified sardine oil, oyster shell meal, calcium carbonate, salt. 60 CONTROL BULLETIN No. 104 Ryther & Warren Co. Blue Tag Dairy Ration 41% cottonseed meal, soy bean oil meal, corn gluten feed, hominy feed (or corn meal), pure wheat bran, wheat middlings, ground oats, corn distillers grains, dried beet pulp, calcium carbonate, salt. Minot Chick Mash Corn meal, pure wheat bran, flour middlings, ground oat meal, meat scraps 50%, protein, fish meal 60% protein, powdered milk, alfalfa leaf meal, soy bean meal, shell flour, salt, fortified cod liver oil. Minot Growing Mash Corn meal, pure bran, wheat middlings, ground oats, ground barley, corn gluten meal, soy bean oil meal, alfalfa leaf meal, meat scraps, fish meal, powdered milk, shell meal, salt, fortified cod liver oil. Minot Milk Egg Mash Corn meal, pure bran, flour middlings, ground oats, meat scraps 50% protein, fish meal 60% protein, alfalfa leaf meal, powdered milk, corn gluten meal, shell flour, salt, fortified cod liver oil. St. Albans Grain Co. Energy 20 Dairy Ration Soybean oil meal, cottonseed meal, corn gluten feed, brewers dried grains, yellow corn meal, hominy feed, ground oats, ground barley, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, cane molasses, calcium carbonate, salt. Hygrade 24 Milk Ration Old process linseed meal, soybean oil meal, cottonseed meal, corn gluten meal, corn gluten feed, brewers dried grains, yellow corn meal, hominy feed, ground oats, ground barley, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, cane molasses, calcium carbonate, salt. Hygrade 20 Milk Ration Old process linseed meal, soybean oil meal, cottonseed meal, corn gluten meal, corn gluten feed, brewers dried grains, yellow corn meal, hominy feed, ground oats, ground barley, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, cane molasses, calcium carbonate, salt. Hygrade 16 Milk Ration Old process linseed meal, soybean oil meal, corn gluten feed, brewers dried grains, yellow corn meal, hominy feed, ground oats, ground barley, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, cane molasses, calcium carbonate, salt. Utility 20 Dairy Ration Old process linseed meal, soybean oil meal, cottonseed meal, corn gluten feed, brewers dried grains, yellow corn meal, hominy feed, ground oats, ground barley, oat mill feed (oat hulls, oat shorts and oat middlings), wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, cane molasses, calcium carbonate and salt. Utility 16 Dairy Ration Old process linseed meal, soybean oil meal, cottonseed meal, corn gluten meal, corn gluten feed, brewers dried grains, yellow corn meal, hominy feed, ground oats, ground barley, oat mill feed (oat hulls, oat shorts, oat middlings), wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, cane molasses, calcium carbonate, salt. Utility Growing Ration Fortified cod liver oil, dried skimmed milk, meat scraps, fish meal, soybean oil meal, corn gluten feed, dehydrated alfalfa meal, yellow corn meal, ground wheat, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, ground oats, ground barley, calcium carbonate, salt. Utility Laying Ration Fortified cod liver oil, dried skimmed milk, meat scraps, fish meal, corn gluten feed, dehydrated alfalfa meal, yellow corn meal, ground wheat, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, ground oats, ground barley, calcium carbonate, manganese sulphate, salt. Wirthmore Baby Chick Starter Fortified cod liver oil, dried skimmed milk, dried whey, meat scraps, fish meal, soybean oil meal, corn gluten meal, alfalfa leaf meal, yellow corn meal, wheat bran, wheat standard mid- dlings, ground oat groats, pulverized oats, calcium carbonate, manganese sulphate, salt. Wirthmore 25 Balanced Ration Old process linseed meal, soybean oil meal, cottonseed meal, corn gluten meal, corn gluten feed, corn distillers dried grains, yellow corn meal, ground oats, ground barley, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, cane molasses, steamed bone meal, salt. Wirthmore Battery Ration Fortified cod liver oil, dried skimmed milk, dried whey, meat scraps, fish meal, soybean oil meal, corn gluten meal, dehydrated alfalfa meal, yellow corn meal, ground wheat, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, ground oats, ground barley, calcium carbonate, manganese sulphate, salt. Wirthmore Breeder Pellets Fortified cod liver oil, dried skimmed milk, dried whey, liver meal, meat scraps, fish meal, dehydrated alfalfa meal, yellow corn meal, ground wheat, wheat bran, wheat Standard mid- dlings, ground oats, ground barley, calcium carbonate, manganese sulphate, salt. Wirthmore Complete Egg Ration Fortified cod liver oil, dried skimmed milk, dried whey, meat scraps, fish meal, soybean oil meal, corn gluten meal, dehydrated alfalfa meal, yellow corn meal, ground wheat, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, ground oats, ground barley, calcium carbonate, manganese Sulphate, salt. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 61 Wirthmore Complete Growing Ration Fortified cod liver oil, dried skimmed milk, dried whey, meat scraps, fish meal, soybean oil meal, corn gluten meal, dehydrated alfalfa meal, yellow corn meal, ground wheat, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, ground oats, ground barley, calcium carbonate, manganese sulphate, salt. Wirthmore Complete Laying Ration Fortified cod liver oil, dried skimmed milk, dried whey, liver meal, meat scraps, fish meal, dehydrated alfalfa meal, yellow corn meal, ground wheat, wheat bran, wheat standard mid- dlings, ground oats, ground barley, calcium carbonate, manganese sulphate, salt. Wirthmore 20 Dairy Ration Old process linseed meal, soybean oil meal, cottonseed meal, corn gluten meal, corn gluten feed, corn distillers dried grains, yellow corn meal, ground oats, ground barley, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, cane molasses, steamed bone meal, salt. Wirthmore Dairy Feed with Beet Pulp Old process linseed meal, soybean oil meal, cottonseed meal, corn gluten feed, yellow corn meal, ground oats, dried beet pulp, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, cane molasses, steamed bone meal, salt. Wirthmore 16 Dairy Ration Old process linseed meal, soybean oil meal, corn gluten meal, corn gluten feed, corn distillers dried grains, yellow corn meal, hominy feed, crimped oats, ground oats, ground barley, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, cane molasses, steamed bone meal, calcium carbonate, salt. Wirthmore Finishing Pellets Dried skimmed milk, meat scraps, soybean oil meal, alfalfa leaf meal, yellow corn meal, wheat standard middlings, wheat red dog, pulverized oats, pulverized barley, calcium carbonate, salt. Wirthmore Growing Pellets Fortified cod liver oil, dried skimmed milk, dried whey, meat scraps, fish meal, soybean oil meal, corn gluten meal, dehydrated alfalfa meal, yellow corn meal, ground wheat, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, ground oats, ground barley, calcium carbonate, manganese sulphate, salt. Wirthmore Laying Pellets Fortified cod liver oil, dried skimmed milk, dried whey, meat scraps, fish meal, soybean oil meal, corn gluten meal, dehydrated alfalfa meal, yellow corn meal, ground wheat, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, ground oats, ground barley, calcium carbonate, manganese sulphate, salt. Wirthmore Poultry Flush Fortified cod liver oil, dried whey, liver meal, meat scraps, fish meal, soybean oil meal, alfalfa leaf meal, yellow corn meal, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, wheat red dog, ground oats, calcium carbonate. Wirthmore 3295 Ration Old process linseed meal, soybean oil meal, cottonseed meal, corn gluten meal, corn gluten feed, corn distillers dried grains, wheat bran, cane molasses, steamed bone meal, calcium carbonate, salt. Wirthmore Record Ration Old process linseed meal, soybean oil meal, corn gluten meal, corn distillers dried grains, yellow corn meal, hominy feed, crimped oats, ground oats, ground barley, dried beet pulp, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, cane molasses, fish meal, steamed bone meal, salt. Wirthmore Special Broiler Feed Fortified cod liver oil, dried whey, meat scraps, soybean oil meal, corn gluten meal, dehydrated alfalfa meal, yellow corn meal, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, ground oats, ground barley, calcium carbonate, manganese sulphate, Bait. Wirthmore Super Pellets Fortified cod liver oil, dried whey, liver meal, meat scraps, fish meal, soybean oil meal, dehy- drated alfalfa meal, wheat bran, ground oats, ground barley, calcium carbonate, manganese sulphate, cane molasses. Wirthmore Turkey Fattening Ration Dried skimmed milk, dried whey, meat scraps, soybean oil meal, corn gluten meal, alfalfa leaf meal, yellow corn meal, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, ground oats, ground barley, calcium carbonate, salt. Wirthmore Turkey Growing Ration Fortified cod liver oil, dried skimmed milk, dried whey, meat scraps, fish meal, soybean oil meal, corn gluten meal, alfalfa leaf meal, yellow corn meal, wheat bran, wheat standard mid- dlings, ground oats, ground barley, calcium carbonate, manganese sulphate, salt. Mrs. Annie P. Smith Pentucket Laying Mash Wheat bran, wheat middlings, corn meal, feeding oat meal, 50" , meat Bcraps, 52% fish meal, alfalfa leaf meal, edible bone meal, charcoal, calcite flour, salt. C. H. Symmes & Co. The Ideal Dairy Ration Wheat middlings, wheat bran, brewers grains, cottonseed meal, linseed meal, gluten meal, gluten feed, corn meal or hominy, molasses, salt, bone meal, calcium carbonate, ground barley. 62 CONTROL BULLETIN No. 104 Tioga Mills, Inc. Tasty Laying Food Dried skim milk, vacuum dried fish meal, meat and bone scrap, soybean oil meal, corn meal, wheat middlings, wheat bran, alfalfa leaf meal, potassium iodide, salt, pulverized oats, Colloidaltine (a mineral compound composed of calcium carbonate and the phosphates of calcium, iodine, iron, copper, manganese, sulphur, and 12 other rare minerals, all in colloidal form). (Wheat bran and wheat middlings may contain ground screenings not exceeding mill run.) Ti-O-Ga 32% Feed Wheat middlings, peanut oil meal, cottonseed meal, wheat bran, soybean oil meal, cane molasses, salt, potassium iodide, brewers dried grains, Colloidaltine (a mineral compound composed of calcium carbonate and the phosphates of calcium, iodine, iron, copper, manganese, sulphur, and 12 other rare minerals, all in colloidal form). (Wheat bran and wheat middlings may contain ground screenings not exceeding mill run.) Ti-O-Ga E-Gee 20% Dairy Feed Wheat bran, hominy feed, malt sprouts, brewers dried grains, corn gluten feed, wheat middlings, cane molasses, cottonseed meal, salt, potassium iodide, corn distillers grains, palm kernel oil meal, soybean oil meal, Colloidaltine (a mineral compound composed of calcium carbonate and the phosphates of calcium, iodine, iron, copper, manganese, sulphur, and 12 other rare minerals, all in colloidal form). Wheat bran and middlings may contain ground screenings not exceeding mill run.) Jacob Trinley & Sons Favorite Laying (Complete) Mash Corn meal, meat scrap, dried milk, soy bean oil meal, wheat bran and middlings, ground oats, gluten, molasses, salt, calcium carbonate, bone meal, alfalfa meal, concentrated cod liver oil, bone charcoal, soluble sulphur, flowers of sulphur, potassium iodide, iron sulphate. copper sulphate. Limerick Laying Mash Soy bean oil meal, corn meal, meat scrap, alfalfa meal, ground oats, corn gluten feed, wheat bran, wheat middlings, cane molasses, oyster shell meal, charcoal, bone meal, cod liver oil, salt. Trinley's 24% Dairy Feed Cottonseed meal, linseed oil meal, malt sprouts, corn gluten meal, ground grain screenings, wheat bran, soy bean oil meal, corn distillers dried grains, cane molasses, bone meal, salt, corn meal, calcium carbonate, iodized salt. Trinley's 20% Dairy Feed Corn gluten feed, cottonseed meal, soy bean oil meal, corn meal, linseed oil meal, corn distillers dried grains, malt sprouts, ground grain screenings, brewers dried grains, cane molasses, bone meal, calcium carbonate, wheat bran, iodized salt. United Cooperative Farmers, Inc. United Farmers Egg Mash Corn meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, ground oats, meat scraps 50%, fish meal 55%, soy bean meal, alfalfa meal, gluten, oyster shell meal, salt, fortified cod liver oil. United Farmers Grower Corn meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, pulverized oats, meat scraps 50%, dried skimmilk, soy bean meal, gluten feed, alfalfa meal, fish meal, oyster shell meal, salt, fortified cod liver oil and sardine oil. United Farmers Layer Corn meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, pulverized oats, meat scraps 50%, dried skimmilk, soy bean meal, alfalfa meal, fish meal 55%, oyster shell meal, salt, fortified cod liver oil and sardine oil. United Farmers Milk Pep Cottonseed 41%, o. p. oil meal, yellow hominy or cracked corn meal, corn gluten feed, pure ground oats 38r, soy bean meal, standard or pure bran, corn distillers grains, molasses, calcium carbonate, salt. United Farmers Milkmaker Cane molasses, choice yellow hominy, 38- ground oats, standard or pure bran, choice cotton- seed 41%, pure oil meal, corn gluten feed, soy bean meal, corn distillers grains, calcium carbonate, salt. United Farmers Starter Yellow corn meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, pulverized oats, dried skimmilk, alfalfa leaf meal, fish meal 55%, meat scraps 50%, oyster shell meal, salt, fortified cod liver oil, manganese sulphate. Unity Feeds, Inc. Paycheck 24% Dairy Ration Distillers dried grains, corn gluten feed, soybean oil meal, ground corn, ground oats, wheat and wheat bran processed, cottonseed meal, molasses, calcium carbonate, salt. Paycheck 20% Dairy Ration Distillers dried grains, corn gluten feed, soybean oil meal, wheat and wheat bran processed, cottonseed meal, ground corn, ground oats, molasses, calcium carbonate, salt. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 63 Paycheck Laying Mash Dried buttermilk, vitamin tested cod liver oil, alfalfa meal, corn meal, ground wheat, ground oats, wheat bran, wheat middlings, fish meal, meat scraps, linseed oil meal, soybean oil meal, calcium carbonate, manganese sulphate, salt. Unity 24% Dairy Ration Distillers dried grains, corn gluten feed, soybean oil meal, brewers dried grains, linseed oil meal, cottonseed meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, malt sprouts, corn gluten meal, corn meal, fish meal, molasses, calcium carbonate, salt. Unity 20% Dairy Ration Corn gluten feed, linseed oil meal, brewers dried grains, soybean oil meal, cottonseed meal, distillers dried grains, malt sprouts, wheat bran, wheat middlings, corn meal, fish meal, molasses, calcium carbonate, salt. Unity Growing Mash Dried buttermilk, vitamin tested cod liver oil, alfalfa leaf meal, fish meal, meat scraps, linseed oil meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, soybean oil meal, ground oats, ground wheat, corn meal, calcium carbonate, manganese sulphate, salt. Unity Laying Mash Dried buttermilk, vitamin tested cod liver oil, alfalfa leaf meal, soybean oil meal, fish meal, meat scraps, linseed oil meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, ground oats, ground wheat, corn meal, calcium carbonate, manganese sulphate, salt. Arthur Ventura Grain Co. Ventura Laying Mash Wheat bran, wheat middlings, corn meal, fish meal, meat scraps, alfalfa leaf meal, dried milk, soy bean meal, pulverized oats, feeding oat meal, shell meal, salt, Exadol cod liver oil. C. P. Washburn Co. "Made Right" Complete Broiler Ration Fortified cod liver oil, whey and dried milk powder, corn meal, bran, middlings, wheat germ, oat meal, high grade meat scraps, fish meal, ground wheat, soya bean meal, gluten, alfalfa leaf meal, molasses, calcium carbonate, charcoal, salt, minerals, iron oxide, iodine, manganese . "Made Right" Complete Layer Fortified cod liver oil, whey and dried milk powder, corn meal, bran, middlings, wheat germ, oat meal, high grade meat scraps, fish meal, ground wheat, soya bean meal, gluten, alfalfa leaf meal, molasses, calcium carbonate, charcoal, salt, minerals, iron oxide, iodine, manganese. "Made Right" 16% Dairy Feed Corn meal, ground oats, cottonseed meal, wheat bran, soya bean meal, gluten, molasses, bone meal, calcium carbonate, salt, brewers grain, calcium carbonate, salt, manganese, iodine. "Made Right" Dry Mash Corn meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, wheat germ, red dog, 2nd clear flour, ground oat meal, linseed oil meal, gluten feed, soya bean meal, ground wheat, meat scraps, fish meal, whey and dried milk powder, alfalfa leaf meal, molasses, charcoal, calcium carbonate, salt, cod liver oil, minerals, iron oxide, iodine, manganese. "Made Right" Starting and Growing Feed Corn meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, wheat germ, gluten meal, oat meal, red dog, 2nd clear flour, meat scraps, ground wheat, soya bean meal, fish meal, whey and dried milk powder, alfalfa leaf meal, molasses, calcium carbonate, charcoal, salt, cod liver oil, minerals, iron oxide, iodine, manganese. "Made Right" Sweet Dairy Feed Corn meal, ground oats, cottonseed meal, linseed oil meal, wheat bran, soya bean meal, gluten, molasses, bone meal, calcium carbonate, salt, brewers grain, manganese, iodine, calcium carbonate. Wayne County Grangers Feed Corp. Clyde 20% Dairy Feed Corn gluten feed, corn distillers grains, o. p. linseed oil meal, brewers grains, corn meal or hominy feed, ground oats, cottonseed meal, wheat bran (may contain screenings), choice malt sprouts, soybean oil meal, ground limestone, cane molasses, salt, steamed bone meal. Cornell Mash Wheat bran, wheat middlings, corn meal, ground oats, meat scraps, skim milk, dried whey, cod liver oil, salt. Milkproducer 24% Dairy Feed Corn gluten feed, corn distillers grains, o. p. linseed oil meal, brewers grains, choice cotton- seed meal, wheat bran (may contain screenings), soybean oil meal, hominy feed or corn meal, ground oats, cane molasses, malt sprouts, steamed bone meal, ground limestone, salt. Milkproducer 20% Dairy Feed Corn meal, choice malt sprouts, soybean oil meal, corn gluten feed, ground oats, standard wheat bran (may contain mill run screenings), rye middlings, recleaned ground bolted grain screenings, molasses, iodized salt, calcium carbonate. 64 CONTROL BULLETIN No. 104 H. K. Webster Co. Blue Seal All-Mash Growing Ration Coarse ground No. 2 yellow corn, fine ground heavy oats, pure wheat bran, wheat flour mid- dlings, high grade meat scraps, high grade fish meal, dried skim milk, alfalfa leaf meal, corn gluten meal, P. R. cane molasses, calcium carbonate, salt, fortified cod liver oil. Blue Seal Breeders' Mash Dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, dried skim milk with lactoflavin supplement, pure natural cod liver oil, wheat germ oil, h. g. meat and liver meals, 55% fish meal, corn gluten meal, P. R. cane molasses, No. 2 yellow corn meal, pure wheat bran, wheat flour middlings, fine ground heavy oats, ground rolled oats, ground barley, salt, calcium carbonate. Blue Seal Breeders All-Mash Ration Dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, dried skim milk with lactoflavin supplement, fortified cod liver oil, wheat germ oil, P. R. cane molasses, h. g. meat and liver meals, high grade fish meal, corn gluten meal, No. 2 yellow corn meal, ground fancy wheat, fine ground heavy oats, pure wheat bran, wheat flour middlings, salt, calcium carbonate. Blue Seal Broiler Ration Dried skim milk, h. g. meat scraps, 55% codfish meal, alfalfa leaf meal, corn gluten meal, No. 2 yellow corn meal, pure wheat bran, wheat flour middlings, fine ground heavy oats, P. R. cane molasses, calcium carbonate, salt, cod liver oil. Blue Seal Chick Starter Coarse ground No. 2 yellow corn, fine ground heavy oats, ground barley, pure wheat bran, corn gluten meal, wheat flour middlings, G0% h. g. meat scraps, 65% fish meal, vacuum process, dried skim milk, dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, calcium carbonate, salt, manganese sulphate, cod liver oil. Blue Seal "20" Dairy Ration Old process linseed oil meal, soy bean oil meal, ground oats, malt sprouts, corn oil meal, gluten feed, choice cottonseed meal, hominy feed, wheat bran, corn distillers grains, dried brewers grains, P. R. cane molasses, B. S. mineral mixture (white fish meal, edible bone meal, calcium carbonate, dicalcium phosphate, potassium iodide, salt). Blue Seal "18" Dairy Ration Fancy crimped oats, fancy ground oats, linseed oil meal (crushed cake), soy bean oil meal (pea size), steam rolled barley, hominy feed, wheat bran, corn oil meal, wheat middlings, P. R. cane molasses, B. S. mineral mixture (white fish meal, edible bone meal, calcium car- bonate, dicalcium phosphate, potassium iodide, salt). Blue Seal Egg Mash No. 2 yellow corn meal, fine ground heavy oats, pure wheat bran, wheat flour middlings, high grade meat scraps, 55% fish meal, dried skim milk, alfalfa leaf meal, P. R. cane molasses, corn gluten meal, calcium carbonate, salt, cod liver oil. Blue Seal Fleshing Pellets Yellow corn meal, corn oil meal, ground oat groats, fine ground oats, pure wheat middlings, soy bean oil meal, h. g. meat scraps, dried skim milk, P. R. cane molasses, calcium carbonate, salt, cod liver oil. Blue Seal Growing Mash Dried skim milk, h. g. meat scraps, 55% codfish meal, alfalfa leaf meal, corn gluten meal, No. 2 yellow corn meal, pure wheat bran, wheat flour middlings, fine ground heavy oats, ground barley, P. R. cane molasses, calcium carbonate, salt, cod liver oil. Blue Seal Horn-Mix 24% Dairy Ration Choice cottonseed meal, soy bean oil meal, corn oil meal, malt sprouts, corn gluten meal, oat feed, wheat bran, hominy feed, peanut skins, germs and meal, linseed oil meal, dried brewers grains, P. R. cane molasses, B. S. mineral mixture (white fish meal, edible bone meal, calcium carbonate, dicalcium phosphate, potassium iodide, salt). Blue Seal Improved All-Mash Ration Coarse ground No. 2 yellow corn, fine ground heavy oats, pure wheat bran, wheat flour mid- dlings, high grade meat scraps, high grade fish meal, dried skim milk, alfalfa leaf meal, corn gluten meal, P. R. cane molasses, calcium carbonate, salt, fortified cod liver oil. Blue Seal Improved Balanced Ration Old process linseed oil meal, soy bean oil meal, ground oats, malt sprouts, corn gluten meal, choice cottonseed meal, hominy feed, wheat bran, corn distillers grains, dried brewers grains, corn oil meal, P. R. cane molasses, B. S. mineral mixture (white fish meal, edible bone meal, calcium carbonate, dicalcium phosphate, potassium iodide, salt). Blue Seal Laying Mash No. 2 yellow corn meal, pure wheat bran, fine ground heavy oats, h. g. meat scraps, corn gluten meal, wheat flour middlings, ground barley, ground fancy wheat, 1'. I\. cane molasses, alfalfa leaf meal, dried skim milk, 55% codfish meal, salt, calcium carbonate, cod liver oil. Blue Seal Special 20% Dairy Ration Choice cottonseed meal, soy bean oil meal, corn oil meal, malt sprouts, gluten feed, oat feed, wheat bran, hominy feed, peanut skins, germs and meal, linseed oil meal, dried brewers grains, corn distillers grains, P. R. cane molasses, B. S. mineral mixture (white fish meal, edible bone meal, calcium carbonate, dicalcium phosphate, potassium iodide, salt). Est. M. G. Williams Williams' Balanced Ration Corn meal or hominy, linseed oil meal, cottonseed meal, ground oats, gluten feed, dried brewers grains, wheat feed, soy bean meal, calcium carbonate, salt. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 65 Williams' Chick Starter Corn meal, bran, middlings, feeding oatmeal, alfalfa leaf meal, soy bean meal, dried skim milk, meat scraps, fish meal, calcium carbonate, cod liver oil, manganese, salt. Williams' Growing Mash Corn meal, bran, middlings, ground oats, soy bean meal, dried skim milk or dried whey, alfalfa meal, fish meal, meat scraps, calcium carbonate, salt, cod liver oil, manganese. Williams' Laying Mash Corn meal, bran, middlings, ground oats, soy bean meal, meat scraps, fish meal, leaf meal, dried skim milk, calcium carbonate, salt, cod liver oil, manganese. Stanley Wood Grain Co. Bliss Dairy Ration Corn meal (or hominy), cottonseed meal, wheat bran, soybean oil meal, linseed oil meal, wheat middlings, gluten meal, gluten feed, table salt, edible bonemeal, calcium carbonate (beet pulp). Preferred Complete Growing Ration Cod liver oil, dried skim milk, dried whey, lactoflavin concentrate, dried fish meal, whole oat groats, meat scraps, alfalfa leaf meal, yellow corn meal, soybean oil meal, ground wheat, corn gluten meal, ground barley, wheat bran, wheat middlings, feeding oatmeal, calcium carbonate, salt, manganese sulfate. Preferred Complete Laying Ration Cod liver oil, dried whey, soybean oil meal, lactoflavin concentrate, dried skim milk, dried fish meal, whole oat groats, meat scraps, alfalfa leaf meal, yellow corn meal, ground wheat, pulverized oats, wheat bran, wheat middlings, calcium carbonate, table salt, manganese sulfate. Preferred Growing Feed Meal, bran, middlings, reddog, ground barley, soybean oil meal, alfalfa leaf meal, dried skim milk, meat scraps, dried fish meal, salt, calcium carbonate, cod liver oil, manganese sulfate, lactoflavin concentrate, dried whey, ground oats, yeastified distillers grains (Produlac). Preferred Laying Mash Dried skim milk, dried whey, lactoflavin concentrate, fish meal, meat scraps, alfalfa leaf meal, wheat bran, yellow corn meal, soybean oil meal, pulverized oats, feeding oatmeal, wheat middlings, salt, calcium carbonate, cod liver oil, manganese sulfate. Preferred Starting Feed Cod liver oil, lactoflavin concentrate, dried skim milk, dried whey, soybean oU meal, alfalfa leaf meal, ground oat groats, fish meal, meat scraps, yellow corn meal, wheat bran, wheat flour, middlings, salt, calcium carbonate, manganese sulfate. Woods Dairy Ration Cottonseed meal, wheat middlings, yellow corn meal (or hominy), soybean nil meal, ground oats, old process linseed oil meal, corn gluten feed, dried beet pulp, wheat bran, salt, calcium carbonate. Worcester Grain & Coal Co. Just Right Chick Starter Standard middlings, corn meal, wheat bran, feeding oatmeal, dried skimmilk, alfalfa leaf meal, fish meal, meat scraps, oyster shell meal, salt, calcium phosphate, cod liver oil. Just Right 24% Dairy Ration Old process linseed oil meal, choice cottonseed meal, choice white or yellow hominy, corn gluten feed, wheat bran, Diamond gluten meal, ground oats or crushed oats, soy bean oil meal, 1% calcium phosphate, 1% salt, with or without molasses. Just Right 20% Dairy Ration Old process linseed oil meal, choice cottonseed meal, choice white or yellow hominy, corn gluten feed, wheat bran, Diamond gluten meal, ground oats or crushed oats, soy bean oil meal, 1% calcium phosphate, 1% salt, with or without molasses. Just Right Growing Mash Standard middlings, corn meal, wheat bran, feeding oat meal, dried skimmilk, alfalfa leaf meal, fish meal, meat scraps, oyster shell meal, salt, calcium phosphate, cod liver oil. Just Right Laying Mash Dried skimmilk, corn meal, standard middlings, standard bran, meat scraps, ground oats, fish meal, alfalfa leaf meal, soy bean meal, oyster shell meal, 1% salt, 1% calcium carbonate, cod liver oil. Assays of Vitamin D Carriers — Oils and Oil Products Tests of this character are included in the Control Bulletin for the first time. The assays were made by Leonard R. Parkinson, Jr., of the nutrition laboratory, with Professors Fellers and Parkhurst acting as advisors. The material used was taken by the official feed inspector from stocks of dealers, manufacturers and consumers throughout the State. Association of Official Agricultural Chemists method for assaying Vitamin D carriers was used. While in general the tests indicated agreement with guarantee, the number found not in agreement warrants a continuance of the work. 66 CONTROL BULLETIN No. 104 Oil Number 6 3A Manufacturer and Trade Name *11 28 27 16A 19 20 *34 *22 *15 2A 9A *16 4A 37 23 13A 7 17A *13 29 18A *1 26 7A 8A 15A 32 2 *9 36 6A 10 *3 5A 18 38 14A *21 17 1A 4 F. E. Booth, Inc. Sardiline (a) Sardiline (High Potency) (6) Sardiline (High Potency) (a) Borden Co. Flaydry (c) . Flaydry (c) . Flaydry (c) . California Packing Corporation Biotol Sardine Oil (6) Consolidated Products Co. Chick Emulsion (b) . Eastern States Farmers' Exchange Eastern States Sardine Oil (b) . Eastern States Sardine Oil (6) . Gorton-Pew Fisheries Co., Ltd. Gorton's Cod Liver Oil (6) Gorton's Cod Liver Oil (a) Gorton's Cod Liver Oil (a) Gorton's Cod Liver Oil (b) Gorton's Cod Liver Oil (a) Gorton's Cod Liver Oil (a) Gorton's Cod Liver Oil (a) . Gorton's Cod Liver Oil Meal Blend (c) Gunning & Gunning, Inc. VI Test (a) VI Test (a) Health Products Co. Health Products Cod Liver Oil (6) Maine Fish Meal Co. Maine Fish Meal (c) . . - Maine Fish Meal (c) . . . Marden-Wild Corporation Mardol (6) Mardol (a) Mardol (a) J. C. Martens & Co. Norge U. S. P. Cod Liver Oil (a) Norge U. S. P. Cod Liver Oil (a) McKesson-Robbins Isdahl's Cod Liver Oil (b) British Cod Liver Oil (a) . National OH Products Co. Nopco Cod Liver Oil (a) Nopco X (6) . Nopco X (b) . Nopco XX (6) Nopco XX (6) Nopco XX (b) Silmo Chemical Corporation Silmo XX (a) . E. R. Squibb & Co. Exodol (a) Exodol (6) Exodol (a) Stoughton Grain Co. Bay State Cod Liver Oil (a) Bay State Cod Liver Oil (a) Vitamol, Inc. Vitamol (a) White Laboratories, Inc. Clo-trate (a) Clo-trate (b) . Guaranteed Units of Vitamin D 100 400 400 40 80 120 85 1800 400 400 150 200 200 250 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 225 250 100 100 85 200 200 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 150 150 400 400 400 Remarks Guarantee sustained Guarantee sustained Guarantee sustained Guarantee not sustained Guarantee sustained Guarantee sustained Guarantee sustained Guarantee sustained Guarantee sustained Guarantee sustained Guarantee not sustained Guarantee sustained Guarantee sustained Guarantee sustained Guarantee sustained Guarantee sustained Guarantee sustained Will protect at 8.5 units per 100 grams of feed Guarantee sustained Guarantee sustained Guarantee sustained Will protect at 8.5 units per 100 grams of feed Will protect at 8.5 units per 100 grams of feed Guarantee sustained Guarantee sustained Guarantee sustained Guarantee not sustained Guarantee not sustained Guarantee sustained Guarantee sustained Guarantee Guarantee Guarantee Guarantee Guarantee Guarantee sustained sustained sustained sustained sustained sustained Guarantee sustained Guarantee sustained Guarantee sustained Guarantee sustained Guarantee sustained Guarantee sustained Guarantee sustained Guarantee sustained Guarantee sustained ♦Retested. a Sample taken from unsealed container. c Sample taken from sewed bags. b Sample taken from sealed container. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 67 Federal Grain Standards — Corn and Oats While the Federal Government provides for standards of purity for many cereal grains and seed, those of greatest interest to local agriculture are corn and oats. Many purchasers of grain are not familiar with the standards for grain which they purchase. Whole grains shipped to dealers in car lots may have a Federal Certificate of Inspection attached to the bill of lading or the grain may be sold uninspected under the general term of "sample grade." Where quality is questioned by the prospective purchaser, the dealer should be asked to produce the certificate of inspection and identify it with the grain offered. For some time corn and oats purchased by the State for its various State- owned farms have been bought under specification and grade subject to inspection by Regulatory Service at the Experiment Station and conclusions very largely result from experience with this work. Corn The general definition for corn as found in the Federal Grain Standards is: — "Corn shall be any grain which consists of 50 per cent or more of shelled corn of the dent or flint varieties, and may contain not more than 10 per cent of other grains for which standards have been established under the provisions of the United States Grain Standards Act." Under the general definition classes and grades are provided by which corn is generally sold. There are six grades for commercial corn. Those most commonly offered in New England markets are Grades 1, 2, and 3. For the poultryman or dairyman, the No. 2 grade is probably the most desirable. No. 1 is essentially a planting grade and Nos. 3, 4 and 5 have undesirable qualities which make their purchase inadvisable. The requirements for Grade No. 2 are: — Test weight per bushel not less than . Water not more than ..... Cracked corn and foreign material not more than Damaged kernels: Total ....... Heat damaged ...... Test weight per bushel. — Immature corn is light in weight especially if dried down to conform to grade requirements in water content. Light corn seldom finds its way into the local markets as whole grain and is probably ground into meal where its true condition is more easily disguised. Water. — The amount of corn which loses its rating as No. 2 on account of water content depends very largely on the season in which it is grown and more especially on the time of year in which it is sold. Where corn is well matured on the stalk before killing frosts, the water content is not a problem if the grain is given an opportunity to cure in the crib before being offered. In years when the old crop is well out of the market, it may be difficult to find new corn offered in the late fall and early winter that will grade better than No. 3. Corn with a high water content will not keep in warm storage without decomposition and heating. With the large carry-over of corn for the past two years, water content presents no great problem for the consumer. 53 lbs. 15.5% 3.0% 5.0% 0.2% 68 CONTROL BULLETIN No. 104 Cracked corn and foreign material consists of small pieces of corn and material other than corn. A high cracked-corn content might conceivably result where corn was immature, with a high water content, and had been artificially dried, resulting in a soft brittle product easily broken in handling. Damaged kernels are defined as kernels or pieces of kernels of corn which are heat damaged, sprouted, frosted, badly ground damaged, badly weather damaged or otherwise materially damaged, all of which can be attributed to poor condition of the grain at the outset or to poor handling. For No. 2 corn only 0.2 per cent of heat damage is allowed. A small percentage of dark-colored kernels in corn not only is an offense to the eye, but may indicate an unsatisfactory condition which will gradually grow worse. Oats A point not generally understood by the average purchaser is the large number of divisions and subdivisions of Federal grades of oats and oat-like material in some of which cultivated oats does not even predominate. Oats "shall be any grain which consists of 80 per cent or more of cultivated oats. Oats may contain not more than 10 per cent of wild oats." At their worst oats might contain the following and still be properly designated as Grade 4. Test weight per bushel Cultivated oats Wild oats Foreign material Other grain . Feed Oats "shall be any grain which consists of either (a) 30 per cent or more, but less than 80 per cent of cultivated oats, but not less than 65 per cent of cul- tivated and wild oats combined, or (b) 80 per cent or more of cultivated oats oats and more than 10 per cent of wild oats. Feed oats may contain not more than 25 per cent of other grains and may contain not more than 10 per cent of foreign material which 10 per cent may include not more than 5 per cent of fine seeds." The poorest grade of feed oats might conceivably contain the follow- ing: 24 lbs. 80.0% 10.0% 5.0% 5.0% Cultivated oats 30.0% Wild oats 35.0% Weed seed 5.0% Foreign material 5.0% Other grain .... 25.0% Mixed Feed Oats "shall he any grain which consists of less than 30 per cent of cultivated oats, but either (a) not less than 65 per cent cultivated and wild oats combined, or (b) not less than 65 per cent of wild oats; may contain not more than 25 per cent of other grains; and may contain not more than 10 per cent of foreign material, which 10 per cent may include not more than 5 per cent of fine seed." A poor grade of mixed feed oats might contain: ( Jultivated oats Wild oats Weed seed foreign material I >ther grain None 65.0% 5.0% 5.0% 25.0% INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 69 The purchaser should not be confused as to the very real difference between oats, feed oats, and mixed feed oats. The present State specifications for State purchased oats are for Unsulphured No. 2 Heavy. Test weight per bushel Sound cultivated oats Heat damaged kernels Foreign material Wild oats 35 lbs. Minimum 94.0% Minimum 0.3% Maximum 3.0% Maximum 3.0% Maximum This is suggested as an economical grade for the average purchaser. There are experimental data which demonstrate that the heavier oats are not materially higher in feeding value than those of medium grade. The most common cereal grain found with oats is barley, possibly because it may be found growing naturally with oats and again because it is of material assistance in bringing up the test weight per bushel of light oats, barley weighing as it does 45 to 50 pounds to the bushel. The presence of material other than oats is not so serious in the whole grain, where the purchaser can obtain some inkling by merely looking at a sample, as it is in the ground product. The presence of barley and other material in ground oats is not so readily detected and it is believed that much of the ground oats offered is made from oats that will grade as No. 1, which may contain as low as SO per cent cultivated oats. Barley contains less fat and fiber than does oats. Following are the analyses of several brands of ground oats collected in the course of inspection, compared with the average analysis of 33 samples of oats with a purity of 95 per cent or better. They are presented here because they deviate so much in average fat content from oats of known purity. Num- ber of Samples Ground or Pulverized Oats Water (Per- cent) Protein (Per- cent) Fat (Per- reni 1 Nitro- gen Free Extract (Per- cent) Fiber (Per- cent) Ash (Per- cent I *33 Average of 33 samples, 95% purity or better 10 3 12 1 4.8 59 5 ID 0 3 3 3 Doughboy Mills, New Rich- mond, Wis. . 10.4 12 1 3 1 ■.8.5 11.9 3 7 3 Farmers Service Bureau, Baltimore, Md. 10.0 1 2 6 2 5 59 1 11.8 4 0 4 Fruen Milling Co., Minne- apolis, Minn. 11.0 13.2 3 0 59.7 in 5 3 6 9 Hood Mills Co., Baltimore, Md 10.5 13.9 2.6 59 .6 10.0 3.4 *Test weight per bushel ranged from 31.3 to 45.3 pounds, with an average of 37.7 pounds. Two suggestions are presented : For the Consumer. — In case of doubt as to quality, ask the seller to produce the certificate of inspection and to identify it with the grain offered. For the Dealer. — ■ The grade of oats from which ground oats and feeding oat meal are made should be designated on the tag. 70 CONTROL BULLETIN No. 104 Directory of Manufacturers Who Registered Feeding Stuffs for Sale in Massachusetts in 1940 Acme-Evans Co., Indianapolis, Ind. Albers Bros. Milling Co., Seattle, Wash. E. T. Allen Co., P. O. Box 951, Atlanta, Ga. Allied Mills, Inc., Chicago, 111. American Maize-Products Co., 100 East 42nd St., New York, N. Y. A. P. Ames & Co., 10 Walnut St., Peabody, Mass. Arcady Farms Milling Co., 223 West Jackson Blvd. Chicago, 111. Archer-Daniels-Midland Co., Minneapolis, Minn. Ashcraft- Wilkinson Co., Atlanta. Ga. (Registered also for Rio Grande Valley Citrus Exchange.) W. E. Atkinson Co., 27 Water St., Newburyport, Mass. B. & B. Dairy Co., Inc., Margaretville, N. Y. Edward R. Bacon Grain Co., 177 Milk St., Boston, Mass. E. W. Bailey & Co., Montpelier, Vt. Barber & Bennett, Inc., Albany, N. Y. Beacon Milling Co., Inc., Cayuga, N. Y. Berkshire Coal & Grain Co., Inc., North Adams, Mass. Bisbee Linseed Co., Inc., Amsterdam, N. Y. Blatchford Calf Meal Co., Waukegan, 111. Blatchley & Ballard, Inc., 158 Russell St., Middletown, Conn. Borden Co., 350 Madison Ave., New York, N. Y. Borden Grain Co., 26 Granite St., Taunton, Mass. C. W. Brister & Son, 201 North St., Auburn, Mass. A. H. Brown & Bros., Boston, Mass. (Agents for Mellin's Food Company of North America.) Brown Bros., Bondsville, Mass. George B. Brown Corporation, Ipswich, Mass. Buckeye Cotton Oil Co., Cincinnati, Ohio C. W. Burckhalter, Inc., 156 Franklin St., New York, N. Y. Canada Linseed Oil Mills, Ltd., Montreal, Canada A. B. Caple Co., Toledo, Ohio Center Milk Products Co., Middlebury Center, Penn. Central Soya Co., Inc., 300 Old-First Bank Bldg., Ft. Wayne, Ind. Chapin & Co., Hammond, Ind. Charles River Feed Stores, Inc., Box 117, Wayland, Mass. Checkerboard Elevator Co., St. Louis, Mo. (Registered by Ralston Purina Co.) Checkerboard Feed Store, Ralston Purina Co., Prop., St. Louis, Mo. S. J. Cherry & Sons, Ltd., Preston, Canada Clinton Co., Clinton, Iowa Coatsworth & Cooper, 67 Yonge St., Toronto, Canada Colfax Packing Co., 34 Colfax St., Pawtucket, R. I. Commander-Larabee Milling Co., Minneapolis, Minn. Community Feed Stores, South Deerfield, Mass. Consolidated Chemical Industries, Inc., 630 Fifth Ave., New York, N. Y. Consolidated Rendering Co., 178 Atlantic Ave., Boston, Mass. Continental Distilling Corporation, 1800 West Lehigh Ave., Philadelphia, Penn. Copeland Flour Mills, Ltd., Midland, Ontario, Canada Corn Products Sales Co., 17 Battery Place, New York, N. Y. Nicolas Courcv Grain Co., 12 Waverly St., Taunton, Mass. Cover & Palm Co., 150 Middle St., Lowell, Mass. Chas. M. Cox Co., 177 Milk St., Boston, Mass. (Registered for Maple Leaf Milling Co., Ltd.) Crawford Brothers, Inc., Walton, N. Y. Dairymen's League Co-Operative Association, Inc., 11 West 42nd St., New York, N. Y. Dawe's Vitamelk Co., 4800 South Richmond Ave., Chicago, 111. Decatur Milling Co., Inc., Decatur, 111. Delaware Mills, Inc., Deposit, N. Y. Denver Alfalfa Milling & Products Co., Lamar, Col. Deutsch & Sickert Co., Milwaukee, Wis. Frank Diauto, Randolph, Mass. F. Diehl & Son, Inc., Wellesley, Mass. Dietrich & Gambrill, Inc., Frederick, Md. Drackett Products Co., 5020 Spring Grove Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio Dreyer Commission Co., 300 Merchants Exchange Bldg., St. Louis, Mo. Eagle Roller Mill Co., New Ulm, Minn. East Bridgewater Farmers Exchange, Inc., East Bridgewater. Mass. Eastern Grain Co., Bridgewater, Mass. Eastern Semolina Mills, Inc., Baldwinsville, N. Y. Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Box 1482, Springfield, Mass. B. A. Eckhart Milling Co., 1300 Carroll Ave., Chicago, 111. Economy Grocery Stores Corporation, 393 D Street, Boston, Mass. M. W. Ellis, 19 Walnut St., Peabody, Mass. Elmore Milling Co., Inc., Oneonta, N. Y. John W. Eshelman & Sons, Lancaster, Penn. Evans Milling Co., Indianapolis, Ind. Excelsior Milling Co., Minneapolis, Minn. Farm Service Co., Fitchburg, Mass. Farmers Feed Co., Buffalo, N. Y. Farmers Feed Co., 532 East 76th St., New York, N. Y. Federal Mill, Inc., Lockport, N. Y. Fernando Valley Milling & Supply Co., 6104 Van Nuys Blvd., Van Nuys, Cal. Ferneau Grain Co., Blanchester, Ohio Finger Lakes & Hudson Flour Mills, Inc., 7-9 Madison St., Troy, N. Y. First National Stores, Inc., 5 Middlesex Ave., Somerville. Mass. Florv Milling Co., Inc., Bangor, Penn. Ford Motor Co., 3674 Schnefor Road, Dearborn, Mich. J. A. Forrest Co., 538 Midland Bank Bldg., Minneapolis, Minn. Fred A. Fountain, Inc., 355 Tremont St., Taunton, Mass. Dean S. French, 17 Columbia St., Stoughton, Mass. Paul Fuller & Sons, Salem, Mass. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 71 Funk Bros. Seed Co., Bloomington, 111. J. B. Garland & Son, Inc., Worcester, Mass. General Foods Corporation, Battle Creek, Mich. General Foods Corporation, Corn Mill Division, Kankakee, 111. Genernl Mills, Inc., Minneapolis, Minn. W. K. Gilmore & Sons, Inc., Walpole, Mass. Glidden Co., Soya Products Division, 5165 West Moffat St., Chicago, 111. Gloucester Dehydrating Process Co., Gloucester, Mass. Golden Eagle Milling Co., Petaluma, Cal. (Registered by Western Condensing Co.) Goode Grain Co., 452 Broadway, Lowell, Mass. Gorton-Pew Fisheries Co., Ltd., Gloucester, Mass. Grand Isle County Co-Operative Creamerv Association, Inc., Grand Isle. Vt. Grand Union Co., 233 Broadway, New York, N. Y. D. H. Grandin Milling Co., Jamestown, N. Y. Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Co., New York, N. Y. Green Acre Farms, Nazareth, Penn. Gwinn Milling Co., Columbus, Ohio Hales & Hunter Co., 166 West Jackson Blvd., Chicago, 111. D. Harbeck & Sons, 405 Earl St., New Bedford. Mass. Hecker H-O Division of Hecker Products Corporation, Buffalo. N. Y. Hercules Powder Co., Dairy Products Division, 228 North LaSalle St., Chicago, 111. D. B. Hodgkins' Sons, Gloucester, Mass. Hoosier Soybean Mills, Inc., Marion, Ind. Horvitz Grain Co., 742 Acushnet Ave., New Bedford, Mass. Hubinger Co., Keokuk, Iowa Humphreys-Godwin Co., Memphis, Tenn. Illinois Cereal Mills, Inc., Paris, 111. Independent Tallow Co., Inc., 39 Cedar St., Woburn, Mass. International Milling Co., Minneapolis, Minn. International Vegetable Oil Mill, Subsidiary of Southern Cotton Oil Co. Ismert-Hincke Milling Co., Kansas City, Mo. Jaquith & Co., Woburn, Mass. Kansas Flour Mills Corporation, Kansas City, Mo. Kasco Mills, Inc., Waverly, N. Y. Kellogg Co., Battle Creek, Mich. Spencer Kellogg & Sons, Inc., 98 Delaware Ave., Buffalo, N. Y. Keystone Dairy Co., 535 Carlton Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y. H.'H. King Flour Mills Co., Minneapolis, Minn. Kraft Phenix Cheese Corporation, 500 Peshtigo Court, Chicago, 111. Chas. A. Krause Milling Co., Milwaukee, Wis. Lake of the Woods Milling Co., Ltd., Montreal, Canada Lakeside Milling Co., Ltd., Esplanade at Princess St., 'I i ronto, Ontario, Canada. Larabee Flour Mills Co., Kansas City, Mo. Larrowe Milling Co., Division of General Mills, Inc., Box 68, North End Station, Detroit, Mich John T. Lewis & Bros. Co., 910 Widener Bldg., Philadelphia, Penn. L. B. Lovitt & Co., Memphis, Tenn. A. S. MacDonald Commission Co., 404 Grain & Flour Exchange, Boston, Mass. (Registered for Parrish & Heimbecker, Ltd.) Maine Fish Meal Co., Portland, Maine Mansfield Coal & Grain Co., Mansfield, Mass. Mansfield Milling Co., 1 Samoset Ave., Mansfield, Mass. Maple Leaf Milling Co., Ltd., Toronto, Ontario, Canada. (Registered by Chas. M. Cox Co) Maritime Milling Co., Inc., Buffalo, N. Y. Meadow Brook Farms, John A. Miller, Prop., Nazareth. Penn. Mellin's Food Company of North America, 41 Central Wharf, Boston, Mass. (A. H. Brown & Bros., Agents.) Merrimack Farmers' Exchange, Inc., Concord, N. H. Middlesex County Farm Bureau Association, 131 Lexington St., Waltham, Mass. Miner-Hillard Milling Co., Wilkes-Barre, Penn. Mississippi Valley Grain & Feed Co., Greenville, Miss. Geo. Q. Moon & Co., Inc., Binghamton, N. Y. Jas. F. Morse & Co., 11 Horace St., Somerville, Mass. Muir & Co., 408 Produce Exchange, New York, N. Y. National Biscuit Co., Shredded Wheat Bakeries, Niagara Falls, X. Y. National Distillers Products Corporation, 120 Broadway, New York, N. Y. Neumond Co., St. Louis, Mo. New England Dairies. Inc., 142 Cambridge St., Charlestown, Mass. New England Grain Co., 390 Commercial St., Portland, Maine. New England Rendering Co., Brighton, Mass. New England Retail Grain Dealers Cooperative Association, Inc., Springfield, Mass. Northern Milk Corporation, Adams, N. Y. Ogden Grain Co., Utica, N. Y. Ogilvie Flour Mills Co., Ltd., Montreal, Canada Pabst Brewing Co., 917 West Juneau Ave., Milwaukee, Wis Palm Grain Co., 1081 Gorham St., Lowell, Mass. Park & Pollard Co., 356 Hertel Ave., Buffalo, N. Y. George H. Parker Grain Co., Danvers, Mass. Parrish & Heimbecker, Ltd., Toronto, Canada. (Registered by A. S. MacDonald Commission Co.) Patent Cereals Co., Geneva, N. Y. Pecos Valley Alfalfa Mill Co., Chandler, Ariz. Penick & Ford Ltd., Inc., Cedar Rapids, Iowa. Perkins Oil Co., Memphis, Tenn. Pillsbury Flour Mills Co., Minneapolis, Minn. Maurice Pincoffs Co., 1 Main St., Houston, Texas Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co., Linseed Oil Division, Newark, N. .1. W. N. Potter Grain Stores, Inc., Greenfield, Mass. R. C. Pratt, 68 King St. E., Toronto, Ontario, Canada H. C. Puffer Co., Springfield, Mass. Quaker Oats Co., 141 West Jackson Blvd., Chicago, 111. Quincy Soybean Products Co., Quincy, 111. 72 CONTROL BULLETIN No. 104 Ralston Purina Co., St. Louis, Mo. (Registered also for Checkerboard Feed Store.) John Reardon & Sons, Division of Wilson & Co., Inc., Cambridge, Mass. Rice Laboratories, Inc., Dassel, Minn. D. F. Riley, North Hatfield, Mass. Rio Grande Valley Citrus Exchange, Weslaco, Texas. (Registered by Ashcraft-Wilkinson Co.) Rodney Milling Co., Kansas City, Mo. Edward L. Roy, Anawan St., Rehoboth, Mass. Russell-Miller Milling Co., Minneapolis, Minn. Ryther & Warren Co., Belchertown, Mass. St. Albans Grain Co., St. Albans, Vt. (Registered also for Taft Bros.) St. Lawrence Flour Mills Co., Ltd., 2110 Notre Dame St., W., Montreal, Canada Schenley Distilleries, Inc., 350 Fifth Ave., New York, N. Y. Schoeneck Farms, Inc., Nazareth, Perm. Joseph E. Seagram & Sons, Inc., Louisville, Ky. Sherwin-Williams Co., 101 Prospect Ave. N. W., Cleveland, Ohio W. J. Small Co., Inc., Neodesha, Kan. Mrs. Annie P. Smith, 102 Hale St., Haverhill, Mass. Smith, Bodfish, Swift Co., Vineyard Haven, Mass. Southern Cotton Oil Co., P. O. Box 1745, Atlanta, Ga. (International Vegetable Oil Co., Sub- sidiary.) Soya Processing Co., Wooster, Ohio A. E. Staley Manufacturing Co., Decatur, 111. Standard Milling Co., 309 West Jackson Blvd., Chicago, 111. Stratton & Co., Concord, N. H. Swift & Co. (Oil Mills), Box 327, Atlanta, Ga. Swift & Co. Soybean Mills, Champaign, III. C. H. Symmes & Co., Winchester, Mass. Taft Bros., Uxbridge, Mass. (Registered by St. Albans Grain Co.) Tioga Mills, Inc., Waverly, N. Y. Toledo Soybean Products Co., 215 Pontiao St., Toledo, Ohio. Tremaine Alfalfa Ranch & Milling Co., Inc., P. O. Box 270, Mesa, Ariz. Jacob Trinley & Sons, Linfield, Penn. Union Sales Corporation, Columbus, Ind. (Distributor for Union Starch & Refining Co.) United Cooperative Farmers, Inc., Fitchburg, Mass. United Farmers' Cooperative Creamery Association, Inc., Charlestown, Mass. Unity Feeds, Inc., 177 Milk St., Boston, Mass. Universal Grain Corporation, 2 Broadway, New York, N. Y. Van Iderstine Co., Long Island City, N. Y. Van Vechten Milling Corporation, Rochester, N. Y. Arthur Ventura Grain Co., 7 Purchase St., Taunton, Mass. Hiram Walker & Sons, Inc., Foot of Edmund St., Peoria, 111. C. P. Washburn Co., Middleboro, Mass. Wayne County Grangers Feed Corporation, Clyde, N. Y. H. K. Webster Co., Lawrence, Mass. Western Condensing Co., Petaluma, Cal. (Registered for Golden Eagle Milling Co.) Estate of M. G. Williams, Box 603, Taunton, Mass. Wilmington Packing Co., New Boston St., Woburn, Mass. Wilson & Co., Inc., 41st St. and Ashland Ave., Chicago, 111. Stanley Wood Grain Co., Taunton, Mass. Worcester Grain & Coal Co., 322 Franklin St., Worcester, Mass. Yantic Grain & Products Co., Norwich, Conn. Publication of this Document Appkoved by Commission on Administration and Finance 2,500—11-40—4380 Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station CONTROL SERIES BULLETIN NO. 105 OCTOBER, 1940 Inspection of Commercial Fertilizers By Philip H. Smith and J. W. kuzmeski This is the sixty-seventh report of the Massachusetts Fertilizer Control made in accordance with Chapter 94, Sections 250 to 261, inclusive, of Massachusetts General Laws 1920, as amended by Chapter 67, Acts of 1933. Massachusetts State College Amherst, Mass. * INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS FOR THE SEASON OF 1940 By Philip H. Smith, Official Chemist, and J. W. Kuzmeski, Senior Chemist1 CONTENTS Manufacturers and brands ....... Fertilizer tonnage ........ Plant food tonnage ....... Mixed fertilizers Deficiency statistics ....... Average deviation table ...... Mixtures showing a commercial shortage of SI or more per ton Mixtures substantially complying with guarantees . Chemicals and raw products Summary of results of the inspection .... Nitrogen compounds ....... Phosphoric acid compounds ...... Potash compounds ....... Products supplying nitrogen and phosphoric acid Pulverized animal manures ...... Miscellaneous ........ Definitions and interpretations relating to fertilizers Directory of manufacturers who registered fertilizers for sale in Massachusetts in 1940 Page 3 4 4 10 13 33 34 37 38 38 42 41 44 48 INTRODUCTION This bulletin presents detailed analytical and statistical data pertaining to the work of the Massachusetts Fertilizer Control Service for the season of 1940. The attention of the fertilizer manufacturers should be called to the seriously large number of brands listed which are deficient in one or more elements, the de- ficiencies in too many instances resulting in commercial shortages of over SI per ton . Three factors are considered here as the main probable causes of the increased percentage of deficient brands. First, for some years past it has been the practice at this laboratory to make a composite of several samples of the same brand and to make one analysis of the composite. It was necessary to do this in order to make and report an analysis on each sample collected. In using this method deficiencies and overruns in indi- vidual samples were equalized in the composite; therefore fewer deficiencies and shortages were noted than might have been the case had each sample been ana- lyzed individually. During 1940 we have made no composites, but have analyzed only single samples. We believe there is ample justification for doing this. The manufacturer makes his guarantee to each farmer, not to a group of farmers; therefore he is obligated to see that the fertilizer received by each farmer meets the guarantee. We can ascertain whether or not the manufacturer is fulfilling his obligation in this respect only by analyzing single samples which represent only one farmer's goods. By following this method we cannot analyze all of the samples collected. However, with a few exceptions, we have analyzed at least one sample of each brand registered. It was impossible to secure samples representing all brands registered. We believe that this method shows more clcarty the degree of efficiency maintained by each manufacturer in meeting his guarantees to the indi- vidual farmer, and therefore better serves the purpose for which the Fertilizer Control Avas established. 1 Assisted by II. Robert DeRose, Albert F. Spclman, Leo V. Crowley, Francis J. Farren, Chemists; .lames T. Howard, C. L. Whiting, I.. A. Graves, Sampling Agents; George E. Taylor, Laboratory Assistant; Cora B. Grover, Clerk. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS 3 Second, the analysis of some fertilizers, notably those containing high percent- ages of plant food, shows conclusively either that these fertilizers had been im- properly mixed or that segregation had occurred after mixing. In such cases the analysis shows one or two elements considerably above guarantee, while the third element is generally considerably below guarantee. In these instances the manu- facturer has used sufficient quantities of all ingredients to meet his guarantee fully, but due to variations in the mixture, perhaps to some extent unavoidable, the analysis of some lots shows a large deficiency in one element with overruns in other elements. This reasoning cannot apply to those mixtures which by analysis are shown to be seriously deficient in two elements with only a slight overrun in the third element, or to those having deficiencies in all elements guaranteed. This brings us to the third factor. During recent years the competition among all fertilizer manufacturers has become much keener, resulting in an increased incentive to gain business by mak- ing price concessions and offering other inducements to the buyer. Since this pro- cedure inevitably leads to a reduced margin of profit, some manufacturers in calculating their mixture formulas may have been tempted or forced to figure their raw material costs a little more closely than is consistent with good fertilizer mixing practice. MANUFACTURERS AND BRANDS Registrations have been perfected in Massachusetts during 1940 by 98 firms, covering 491 brands of mixed fertilizer and unmixed fertilizing materials. The following brands were not found on display by the sampling agent at any point in the state and therefore do not appear in the tables of analyses. Brands of Fertilizer Registered but Not Sampled American Agricultural Chemical Co. AA 4-12-4 Fertilizer AA 7-6-6 Fertilizer Apothecaries Hall Co. Liberty High Analysis Potato & General Crops 8-16-20 Liberty High Grade Corn 4-12-4 Liberty High Grade Fertilizer for Fruit 10-5-5 Liberty Tobacco Mixture 6-3-6 Liberty Tobacco Starter 4-10-0 Tankage (8.22-3-0) Archer-Daniels-Midland Co. 41% Protein Soybean Oil Meal (6.5-0-0) Armour Fertilizer Works Armour's Big Crop Fertilizer 10-5-5 Armour's Fertilizer 4-8-8 Armour's Garden & Lawn Fertilizer 4-8-8 Cal-Nitro 20.5% (20.5-0-0) Muriate of Potash 60% (0-0-60) Ground Tankage (7.40-4-0) Barrett Co. Sulphate of Ammonia (20.56-0—0) Consolidated Rendering Co. Drv Ground Fish (9-5-0) Nitrate of Potash (13-0-44) Davison Chemical Corporation Davco Granulated Fertilizer 5-8-7 with Sul- phate of Potash Eastern States Farmers' Exchange Eastern States Castor Pomace (5-0—0) Foodndrink Fertilizer Co. Foodndrink (13-0-0) French Potash Co., Inc. Muriate of Potash (0-0-50) Glidden Co., Soya Products Division Glidden 4 Hi New Process 44% Protein Soy- bean Oil Meal Diamond "G" Brand (7-0-0) Hydroponic Chemical Co., Inc. Hyponex 7-6—19 International Agricultural Corporation International 10-6—4 Old Deerfield Fertilizer Co., Inc. Old Deerfield 4-8-7, Potash other than Muriate Old Deerfield 5-3-5 Complete Tobacco Old Deerfield 5-10-5 Truckers Special Cal-Nitro (20.5-0-0) Linseed Meal 34% Protein (5.44-0-0) Sulphate of Potash (0-0-48) Potash Company of America Muriate of Potash (0-0-60) Rogers & Hubbard Co. Red H Brand 4-12-4 Hubbard's Dry Ground Fish (9.46-5-0) Soil Builders, Inc. Colloidal Phosphate with Mineral Colloids (0-22-0) Standard Wholesale Phosphate & Acid Works, Inc. Standard 4-8-10 Sutton & Sons, Ltd. Sutton's Simplex Fertiliser 5-5-2 Swift & Company Fertilizer Works Swift's Red Steer 4-8-4 Swift's Special Golf Fertilizer 6-12-4 Swift's Special Golf Fertilizer 12-6-4 Tennessee Corporation Soil-Prep 4-2-2 4 CONTROL SERIES No. 105 Drawing of Samples Between April 1 and June 15, three sampling agents made a thorough canvass of the state: James T. Howard in Hampshire, Hampden, Franklin and Berkshire Counties; L. A. Graves in Norfolk, Bristol, Plymouth, Barnstable and Dukes Counties; and C. L. Whiting in Essex, Middlesex, Suffolk and Worcester Counties. They visited 157 towns, took 1,725 samples, representing 450 brands, from stock in the possession of 425 agents or owners, and called at 320 places where no samples were drawn because the agency had been discontinued, the stock was all sold out, or sufficient samples had alread}' been taken of the brands found. They sampled 22,972 sacks, representing 13,264 tons of fertilizer. One ton was sampled to every four and nine-tenths tons sold in the state. FERTILIZER TONNAGE Tonnage of Mixed and Unmixed Fertilizers Sold in Massachusetts July 1, 1937, to July 1, 1938 July 1, 1938, to July 1, 1939 July 1, 1939, to July 1, 1940 Mixed fertilizers Fertilizer chemicals and materials unmixed Pulverized natural manures .... 45,339 22,360 1,476 41,616 20,800* 1,558 43,736 19,673t 1,589 Totals 69,175 63,974 64,998 * Does not include 876 tons of 45% superphosphate and 903 tons of 47% superphosphate dis- tributed by the A.A.A. t Does not include 2,305 tons of 47% superphosphate distributed by the A.A.A. There were 1,024 tons more fertilizer sold in the state in 1940 than during the previous year. The tonnage of mixed fertilizer was 2,120 more, and that of the fertilizer chemicals and unmixed materials was 1,127 less than for 1939. Pul- verized manures showed an increase of 31 tons. Of the total tonnage sold, 67.3 per cent was mixed fertilizer, 30.3 per cent was unmixed materials, and 2.4 per cent was dried and pulverized natural manures. Plant Food Tonnage Nitrogen Phosphoric Acid Potash 1939 1940 1939 1940 1939 1940 Mixed fertilizers (a) Fertilizer chemicals and materials unmixed Pulverized natural manures .... 2,131 2,328 1,324 1,163 33 35 3,529 3,628 1,974b 1,883c 28 30 3,053 3,198 775 728 43 41 Totals 3,488 3,526 5,531 5,541 3,871 3,967 o Does not include plant food tonnage of fertilizer mixed for special orders. b Does not include 825 tons of available phosphoric acid from 1,779 tons of superphosphate distributed by the Agricultural Adjustment Administration. c Does not include 1,083 tons of available phosphoric acid from 2,305 tons of 47% superphosphate distributed by the AA.A. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS 5 There were 13,034 tons of plant food sold, which is 144 tons more than was sold in 1939. The tonnage tables present figures for one year, July 1, 1939, to July 1, 1940, for both mixed fertilizers and unmixed fertilizer materials. In case of the mixed fertilizers, the grade represents the plant food guarantee and is expressed in the order of nitrogen, available phosphoric acid, potash. Of the 43,736 tons of mixed fertilizer sold, 73 per cent was furnished by 10 grades and 144 brands. High analysis grades totaled 4,100 tons and 24 brands, which is 877 tons more than in 1939. Although the total tonnage of mixed ferti- lizers shows an increase of 2,120 tons, or 4.9 per cent, the high analysis grades show an increase of 16.4 per cent. This indicates a continuing trend toward the manufacture of higher grade fertilizers. Tonnage of Mixed Fertilizers. Complete Fertilizers. Grade. Tonnage. Brands. Grade. Tonnage. Brands. 5-8-7 11,202 31 6-8-2 96 4-8-4 3,973 21 4-3-12 96 - 6-3-6 3,036 11 6-8-6 89 - 4-8-7 2,409 15 5-7-3 82 - 4-8-10 2,317 16 6-6-5 79 — 7-7-7 1,770 14 8-8-4 78 - 8-16-16 1,758 7 8-8-8 77 - 5-8-10 1,558 10 7-7-5 73 - 5-10-10 1,534 12 8-6-4 72 — 7-6-6 1,193 7 6-7-4 72 - 6-3-7 1,039 — 4-9-3 71 — 5-10-5 1,032 9 8-5-2 64 — 4-12-4 843 8 7-7-6 50 — 3-10-4 639 9 12-6-4 39 - 5-3-5 507 6 12-16-12 39 - 5-6-4 465 — 8-6-3 30 - 8-16-14 452 - 5-12-6 27 - 3-10-6 433 — 7-8-4 26 - 8-16-20 418 7 6-8-4 25 - 10-10-10 394 — 3-3-3 19 - 5-5-15 355 10 9-6-6 17 - 4-10-4 337 — 12-4-4 17 — 10-6-4 331 - 5-8-c 16 - 4-16-20 325 — 10-8-6 16 — 8-24-8 298 - 5-5-10 16 - 5-15-5 291 — 5-8-4 15 — 3-12-6 280 - 5-4-8 15 - 8-6-2 211 - 3-7-6 14 - 8-4-8 206 - 8-6-6 14 - 8-16-8 193 — 5-6-2 14 - 4-12-6 174 - 5-9-8 12 - 5-10-4 148 — 5-10-7 12 - 5-5-5 146 — 6-12-4 12 - 4-8-8 143 - 7-8-3 12 - 8-5-8 141 - 5-6-6 11 — 7-14-21 126 - .08-.16-.10 10 - 10-5-5 120 — 4-16-4 10 — 7-5-3 118 - Miscellaneous 84 14 6-12-12 97 Special Mixtures Totals 1,085 - 43,618 317 Superphosphate with Potash. Ammoniated Superphosphate. 0-20-20 4-10-0 f. CONTROL SERIES No. 105 In the following table are listed ten of the most popular grades of mixed fer- tilizer together with the tonnage of each sold in Massachusetts for the years 1939 and 1940. 1939. 1940. Grade. Tonnage. Grade. Tonnage. 5-8-7 4-8-4 4-8-7 6-3-6 4-8-10 8-16-16 7-6-6 4-8-8 5-8-10 4-12-4 11,004 4,280 2,618 2,321 2,110 1,629 1,410 1,352 1,225 1,171 5-8-7 4-8-4 6-3-6 4-8-7 4-8-10 7-7-7 8-16-16 5-8-10 5-10-10 7-6-6 11,202 3,973 3,036 2,409 2,317 1,770 1,758 1,558 1,534 1,193 Tonnage of Unmixed Fertilizing Materials. Material. Tonnage. Brands. Material. Tonnage. Brands. Superphosphate 16% 3,842 9 Wood ashes . 65 Superphosphate 20% 3,346 10 Urea .... 63 — Nitrate of soda 3,022 — Linseed meal . 60 — Bone meal 1,656 23 Basic slag phosphate . 53 - Pulverized animal manures 1,589 26 Castor pomace 50 5 Cottonseed meal 1,298 — Ammo-Phos . 47 — Milorganite 1,067 - Phosphate rock 42 - Muriate of potash 60% . 897 8 Process tankage 35 — Sulfate of ammonia 819 9 Precipitated bone . 17 - Soy bean meal 692 5 Sulfate of potash . 15 — Cyanamid 687 - Dried blood 9 — Muriate of potash 50% . 368 7 Horn and hoof meal 9 - Nitrate of soda-potash . 324 - Peruvian guano 9 - Tankage .... 264 9 Agrinite .... 8 — Peat 221 — Menderth 7 — Organo .... 149 - Tobacco stem meal 6 - Nitrate of potash . 123 5 Fish Organo . 5 - Fish 116 7 Calcium nitrate 5 — Cotton hull ashes 102 - Foodndrink . 1 - Superphosphate 40% 87 - Sulfate of potash- Cal-Nitro .... 86 magnesia Totals . 1 - 21,262 174 INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS MIXED FERTILIZERS. Deficiency Statistics for Mixed Fertilizers. Number of Brands. Number of Tests or Determinations. .2 "N o sg .2 a — o cffi nffl Manufacturer. T3 0 C1-' 03 g°2 S-3 c a o h 0) t, cj a> l. o3 jj £ 3 OO 03 Acme Guano Co 10 1 30 4 3 2 1 Agro-Chem Laboratories, Inc. . 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 American Agricultural Chemical Co. 37 7 101 32 7 5 0 Apothecaries Hall Co. 14 8 42 4 1 1 0 Armour Fertilizer Works . 18 6 54 12 3 1 1 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 F. A. Bartlett Tree Expert Co. 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 Belmont Gardens .... 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 Berkshire Chemical Co. 15 7 45 5 2 1 0 Joseph Breck & Sons Corp. 4 1 12 0 1 2 1 Clay & Son, Ltd. .... 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 Collins Seed Service Co. 4 2 12 1 1 0 0 Consolidated Rendering Co. 24 7 72 16 9 1 2 Davey Tree Expert Co. 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 Davison Chemical Corporation 2 0 6 1 0 0 1 Eastern States Farmers' Exchange . 17 8 65 7 0 2 1 Ellis Associates, Inc 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 Thomas W. Emerson Co. . 5 4 15 0 0 0 1 Excell Laboratories .... 1 0 3 0 1 0 0 Fertilizer Sales Corporation 6 5 18 1 0 0 1 H. L. Frost & Higgins Co. 2 1 6 1 0 0 0 Goulard & Olena, Inc. 2 2 6 0 0 0 0 Thomas J. Grey Co 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 Hartney-Amalia, Inc 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 Henderson & Herndon Tree Co., Inc. 1 0 3 0 0 1 0 Allen Hersom Co. .... 2 0 6 2 1 0 0 A. H. Hoffman, Inc 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 Hy-Trous Sales Company of New England ... . . 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 International Agricultural Corp. 19 2 62 12 6 4 Kem Plant Food Corporation . 1 1 3 0 0 0 John D. Lyon 1 1 3 0 0 0 McClain Brothers Co. 1 0 3 0 1 0 0 Mechling Bros. Chemicals, Division of General Chemical Co. 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 Miller Chemical & Fertilizer Corp. . 4 1 12 3 0 1 0 New England Toro Co. 3 2 9 0 1 0 0 New England Tree Expert Co., Inc. 1 0 3 1 0 0 1 0 Norfolk Humus Co 1 1 3 0 0 0 Old Deerrield Fertilizer Co., Inc. 14 11 44 0 0 3 0 Olds & Whipple, Inc 12 7 36 6 0 0 0 0 0 F. G. Phillips Co 1 0 3 1 0 0 Plantabbs Corp 1 1 3 0 0 0 Plantspur Products Co. 1 0 3 1 0 0 0 2 Ra-Pid-Gro Corporation 1 0 3 0 0 0 Rogers & Hubbard Co. 28 21 84 4 0 3 0 Scarborough Testing Gardens, Inc. 1 0 3 1 0 0 0 0. M. Scott & Sons Co. ... . 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 M. L. Shoemaker Co., Division of Wilson & Co., Inc 1 1 2 0 0 0 0 Standard Wholesale Phosphate & Aci( 1 0 0 Works, Inc 5 2 15 3 1 Swift & Co. Fertilizer Works . 5 0 15 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 F. Sylvester & Son .... 1 1 3 0 0 0 Synthetic Nitrogen Products Corp. . 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 1 1 3 0 0 Universal Chemical Co. 1 0 3 0 1 0 Virginia-Carolina Chemical Corp. 1 1 3 0 0 0 C. P. Washburn Co 4 1 12 4 0 0 Winslow Nurseries . . . . 1 0 3 0 0 0 Woodruff Fertilizer Works, Inc. 7 0 21 3 5 0 295 128 895 129 45 27 19 CONTROL SERIES No. 105 Serious Commercial Shortages in Mixed Fertilizers. Amount of Shortage Per Ton. Number of Samples Between $2 and $3 Between $1 and $2 3 none none 6 21 Of thp 295 brands analyzed, 12S, or 43 percent, showed no deficiencies. of 895 plant food guarantees made, 75 percent were fully maintained. The deficiency table shows the following statistics : Out Deficiencies not exceeding }/i of one percent, 129. Deficiencies between 34 and Yi of one percent, 45. Deficiencies between H and % of one percent, 27. Deficiencies more than % of one percent, 19. Sixteen firms have registered five or more brands of mixed fertilizers. On the basis of composition found by analysis as well as of tonnage sold, the following table shows to what extent each manufacturer was successful in avoiding defi- ciencies in plant food guarantees in his mixtures. Seven of the sixteen firms have an average deficiency in one or more plant food elements. The average percentage of total plant food of three of these firms is below the minimum guaranteed. This is a very unsatisfactory showing. In order to have reasonable assurance that his mixtures will conform to the guaranteed analysis, the manufacturer should allow as a minimum an average overrun of one-tenth of one per cent for each element. Average Deviation from Guaranteed Analysis Average Percentage of Plant Food Above or Below the Minimum Guarantee. Manufacturer. Available Total Nitrogen Phosphoric Acid Potash Plant Food + .17 + .19 — .20 + .16 American Agricultural Chemical Co. . + .05 + .05 + .11 + -21 Apothecaries Hall Co + .19 + .38 + .42 + .99 Armour Fertilizer Works .... — .02 + .10 + .10 + .18 Berkshire Chemical Co. .... + .16 + .08 + .37 + .61 Consolidated Rendering Co — .11 — .29 + .05 — .35 Eastern States Farmers' Exchange + .41 + .26 + .78 + 1.45 + .38 — .34 + .60 + .64 Fertilizer Sales Corp. .... + 1.24 + .30 + .13 + 1.67 International Agricultural Corp. . — .13 + .05 — .41 — .49 Old Deerfield Fertilizer Co., Inc. . + .38 +1.06 + .56 +2.00 Olds & Whipple, Inc -f- .20 + .38 + .56 + 1.14 Rogers & Hubbard Co + .47 + .51 + .43 + 1.41 Standard Wholesale Phosphate & Acid Works, Inc + .13 + .41 + .19 + .73 Swift & Company Fertilizer Works + .06 — .26 + .08 — .12 Woodruff Fertilizer Works, Inc. . + .15 — .22 + .15 + .08 INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS 9 Explanation of Tables of Analyses Guarantee. The plant food guarantee or the grade of each fertilizer is made a part of the trade name under the heading "Name of Manufacturer and Brand," and is expressed as nitrogen, available phosphoric acid, and water soluble potash and in that order. Commercial Shortages. Lender the heading "Approximate commercial short- age per ton" is shown the commercial valuation of the deficiencies or tests found below the guarantee. No allowance is made for the value of overruns in other ele- ments which are above guarantee. The manufacturer makes a definite guarantee regarding the minimum percentage of each element which each grade shall con- tain. If a farmer buys a 5-8-7 fertilizer he has every right to expect and insist that he shall receive a 5-8-7 grade and not a 4—8-10 grade, even though the latter may have an equal or higher commercial value. Figuratively speaking, plants think in terms of pounds of nitrogen, available phosphoric acid, potash, and other plant food elements, and not in terms of dollars and cents. As far as plant growth is concerned, an overrun of 30 or 40 pounds of potash in a ton of fertilizer does not compensate for a shortage of 15 or 20 pounds of nitrogen. Deficiencies are emphasized by boldface type. Mixtures Substantially Complying with the Guarantee. In addition to the analysis of those fertilizers which meet their guarantees in every respect, this table includes also those mixtures which have one or more elements below the guaranteed percentage but have a shortage of less than $1 per ton. Inferior Nitrogen. The presence of inferior forms of organic nitrogen is indi- cated by footnotes. Potash Forms. Tests for chlorine are made only on tobacco mixtures and on those fertilizers which carry a guarantee of potash in forms other than muriate. 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O— i 00 s OS COIN o OS o o -#co OO - 00 00 00 I* -3 u IS w lM 0J 3 c MO 91 rt b £ O X W 00 0000 oo oicn toiN o O O OS -^ -m *- c3 C3 - COCO r/i S} d e c a a ci & WW W OO I OO i-H u II I C oo o ,5 00 00 rt*H r-4 03 « coco e c 0J Q> C3 C3 COCO c a 4) V 2 E WW WW W S D-, w w -h S S 5 INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS 23 1 ' 1 i 1 1 1 i l ' 1 I i i i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 II III 1 II in m CO - CO CO co o OS m •n ro os m co 00 o _ co co ■* CO •^ o o OS CO HtJI IN CO U) m< t^ OS CN CO o co IN o t" co cot- CN n t>- os t^ t^ -* CO CN 00 . CNCO ■n 00 .n as 13 X ■ - o fa o us J) a T3 fa .n C3 J c 4) as s B cu IN 1 > o o o o u 03 bl f-i o 6 O bf 6 C3 M o bd o «3 fa •8 fa 3 s O =3 O as £ o a >> as a g s cj cj fa a w :- s as'E •a 3 03 2 _as,a C 01 Ow 24 CONTROL SERIES No. 105 -o 111 K 0) Q O a o E 03 i i i 1 i 1 I 1 1 1 i 1 o 2 CM a g a 7: s z o < -o a 3 CO -1- 1 o HW i CM ^, q "5.2 -a § coo o . © ^H t^ ■* ,_, 00 © CO N o ©"* o CO c -1 t- ■* ■z rt © CM CM © U5-* t^ CO Tji -# co CO © © U5 id' 3 IO o Ph H3 pO. 0 — T3 .9 ©o t^ 1* o o •* CO o o O CO © CO i-< IN 00 co m r- rt. © CM 00 ■* *~I -T gg«i£ 00t~ t>. © 00 © t> 00 t^ d d CM d -*-' c o «£ O 1 03 w.-i iC © CO N CO !>. o © O X 09 o oo© © CO CM CM 00 •^ 00 -r 1"H ri •^ t^ •*■* ■* >c •* CO CO •* CO «5 IO CO d d w C A u . *^ ""I co ifi >> O c 0. a 0 ° 2 si s w.ti o r~co o co © 00 CO CO CO 00 t^ CO © oco 00 ■* ■* CO •o co t^ CO CO © t~ .2 "eS c • S 3 CD-H CO 00 m CO 00 O lO t^ m o 09 ,3 S3 ° 3Ph oo© 00 CM © o © w CN X 2 a z c a t - •< cu 1 0 c « -<3< O O 0 03 0 K P H O CD *- U a e 3 5 S3 CU c P T3 5 ^ o a CN z o £ 0 O GO 3 -f O CO < p. fa o 1 a c o PR -^> S3 o en S3 u § < 1 1 CO 1 1 1 4 + •* 1 o 1 1 CM "5 CO I CO 1 CO J T 00 00 00 cj 1 44 1 uo 3 £ Ph "5 CO o 09 3 "3 c OS d 03 d 0 03 a o c 0 03 a c -- a 0 d 3 o 71 a o 03 a 0 < 2 rSS a t *d V) _o 5 J5.5 c 03 3 O O 03 « 03 ri rt "3 03 ei 03 — (Liu B v s s H d d d d 5 S E e d a |( < X < to o W PS s 01 mm 00 f~ C35 00 o r~ lO c CO coco r~ ^* s CN o C31 r» o !>• iO CO uo CO O C-H IN CO iO -V C3> CO CO t~ 00 ■* CN CN CO o cc oo IO 00 co CO CO -f CN >C co o CO "3 0> O ~* _ 3 co 00 CN co o >- "5 co iO >c ph O01 ,-h t- ,-1 r~ r^ 00 00 t^ r~ 00 CD CN CO O iO o. "O 00 00 o 00 o o O 00 o co oa 00 o •"■' r- o ^^ o '-' M CN >H O 00 CO r- lOrji CC ~ ■-o ■* ■* >o CO r- •o t^ 00 OS CO -* ■*r» m c^ Oi CO r^ U5 5 o t~ -r ■» 1 1 ri m -N CO -1 m ^ CN CN C-4 CO CDCN •* CO r» Cl CD 00 Oi 00 00 1 1 co o T •o s >C5 o CN CN M iO CI to o cor^ -N r~ 00 o t^ CN CN CN co-h 1 ' co T O l i CO - T co IO •OiO T o ~ CO CN o 00 co o •o CO C coco . ^> "*• CO CN C5 o co CN o o CO CN ■* CN co CN ■* -r C< co iC 1 ~Ti CN CO o CO 1 J, 0 s 0 0 0 a c a 2 "o H T3T3 r /? a gj Eh a s a = 0 2 c f CO o -3 o 3 a fa > 2 f. a u 1 u 0 O h 01 u 0) >> r. .a t, "3 CN 1 co 00 03 CO CO p. 0 at u 0) T 00 1 r~ Ih o CO 2 o> gj O 3 'C oS O 0) 01 oS oi CJ 'E 03 O c U "3 0 Ik - •3 •a 3 d J T T •n 3 •* I o 1 co a CO CN 1 DO 1 C5 o u 0 H -3 i = 01 a M O Em "3 CI o 03 d o "3 a c "3*c3 cl d o o OS C«J OCN 0 c 0 C 3 3 •J a 01 U « 1 •* -a T3 CO ~3 t^ C c 0) S 03 e a 0> a *— i ■#3 oS a 3 a 03 s t-l B "S 03 C Cl ~ - C, 01 c-s d d N 1 s a a £ 0" S o> - Q a & 0 is 0> ■a 5 •ofS G 01 S.S JSO u 4) 3 4) M 0) it CJ S 2 5 0 5 a 5 Em o Em o c a O o o 0) 14 a s 26 CONTROL SERIES No. 105 1-1 W 05 u •CdB C a 0 o C CO m co cn co i-h oo io co <-H i- 1 i-l rt CN O CN OS i-H r-l i-H CM co i-i fe (J — •£ w S O o ^ o 2 — i o o o ja o t? 5 to ,« O £ B ^ "a> £D "3 - aj t*- O .Sr ^oo^'ob Ph u ffl -0 1 T3 1 •n •n ~i "S'O-^iO en etc co us CO cd CO C3 QsQs as Q as Q as Q -oStjS T3 T3 XI o o o o O INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS 27 o o IN a t* . co ■o JS .CO 00 "* oi "5 0000 J< IN 00 <-< (N 10 as 00 1-1 00 ^H 1> •C (N IN ■*' COIN >0 •* COt~ CN ■* •«* CO Ot^CO co HN •* eo Tt< Tf CO CN CO CO O) 05-H t^ U5 in lO © io^ ""1 •-l OOOJCO •"* m >n *"* IN CN CO -HCNIN i-- t~ CO IN 00 mmo 0 coco 1Q OS *"J CD co OCOCO I- mm " ~ ■* (N IN CO -r ©-* U5 -nm O in ■* •* CO 10 0 co-v ■* co CO CO IN 33 c {4 1) Lh t- r CD O O ft a 3 3 PhPh 9 Q 00 T3 o Ph t3 o • Ph "3 3-25 "? CD CD s a CD CD a o 03 aj CD . 03 fc-. 0. : : : - 0 43=8 3 c • y a 1* 01 0 0 m o CD go a CU CD CO -* c3 vi 8 d a 62 0 0. c a - o o O o V 0 •"11 KCCCO IN IN CN s "0 O PhPh T) 2 TS ■oi. a ** t^f~ — 00 09 — 1 1 1 1 1 1 o a CD Q c in a-' 01 2 cS.£ co'E eo co co co 1 1 1 00 1 0000 1 1 T3 13 ~ •oS =3 <*)°3°3 «8 =3=3 o O o o T3 0 O 000 0 OO —1 CD O -3 -H^ go 28 CONTROL SERIES No. 105 q £-tf >o 00 co CO O "5 r- ■« ON -HO CO CN ^^ C3> CN CN CN CN CN O fa ®.2 3 Or-'3 O ,H CO -P t» N CO 00 O rt OiO U3 1-1 OS CN m 00 H< o3 m << O > ° fa co lO 00 a OJO co N m CO r. CN co "3 t^ ■* © 00 cor~ co co o t- o» O CN O fcH o> o •H '-t CNCN '-' co •* CN o CN N •* «5 lO iC •om o t-~ 00 co " co U5 73 3 b.*S 2 a 5 "a '3 00 O CN»ffl ■* -# co o 1< '-J3 a o CO t^ CO CO t~r» o X n 1 o •* 00 CN O 1 g o fa 1 05 V <*> C a Mjg-S sS o OS CO Ci rJ _ 3 d o ■* U3 -* 03-H C5 >o o PH co ■* o C3 bt £ w o t^ C5 CO t^ c 00 CN OJ C3J 00 O CN •OB S3 ">> "3 ft o3 » a'3 2 §fa co r~ t^ CM -h CO t> 00 00 3 ,_, t~ o a o CN co CN CN--1 COCO CO OS CN M CO CO CN CO CN U 1 ■Si >> •2 *w C •a 03 *■> p 09 o XI ft s o CM O s. § s 3 5 K n 3 c 0) ■w S s fa Sh cd fa b> Eh CD K bt c3 01 CD b CD PS '2 co o ft 3 CD fa P T3 a> -o J3 i fa o o o o a C3 o 3 fa "3 s fa d fa o o CD si CO /- cs hi o 5 O 0) . cu d CD J3 O H •8 o CN CO O a a < 0 O 1 u a Eh CD CO s £ o O 03 ti 0 J3 a B o o 03 O fa 6 CD M u cd CD CD .2 N fafa OO J2 CD 3 5 _g 'ot GQ CD Q ft o CD CD fa o CN 0 CO 1 CO IC3 1 d O u CN 1 co 1 co u CD d O •o k. o iq ■a o 0 fa a a in t~ co t^ 1 03 d 0 «0 1 CO i 00 i oo co 1 CD & 6 O fa H ft fa 3 S 2 CO T3 J. m o lO ■o >o 1 CO 1 1 3 u : ce u u 3 M -^ o O °8 O O •8=8 OO «8 O •8 O O 2 ft d fa u 0 fa a 3 fa S ft a a d fa ce u CD CD 0 n fa o O o fa £ S « INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS 29 J5 -o CN CN CO CO If CN m N. CO eo 1^ IN 03 OS lO ■* CO CN o 00 Ol oi 01 1-4 co o t~ OS -# i~l ij< O co t- •* •* 00 CN OS t~ co t> - 00 c ■* CO CO OS t~ o o 50 0] ^ *• CO CO CO CO o ■* r~ o CO -f ^ OS o iO eo t~ m w i-i r~ m CO 00 o CN OS T»l 00 "* eo 00 c CO 00 CO 00 00 OS CO CO CO 00 ~ 00 00 00 00 OS OS 00 CO OS 01 CO OS m 01 Tt< CO r» OS OS t~ m m -r CM tN 00 oi o CO 01 i-* OS ■* CO -* CO •* m lO ■* CO •* 00 03 •^ lO CO CO "5 00 in CO •>* •«* T)< m m m in 00 CO (N CO CO CO 00 US t» o OS Tt< o 00 r- 00 CN in co m CO co CO r~ - CN eo CN CO eo • n pq m « m m m w W W « w w w 3 s 5 _________ _ 30 CONTROL SERIES No. 105 Water Soluble ash (K: Found 0 ON 00 CN N O om co CO t>TJ< LOCN 00 5D 01 CN CN ^ COCN eS Waj< o > ° fc< O 50 t~t~ lOiO ■oto 5D O 00 ir-00 13 o CN 5O50 -hO t-o 00 00 r^ >o OlCO CO CN O-i COt-C 1-H5C •. 00 00 00 00 O •>* ■*' ■*'tH -3-2 "£•— 03 o> O t^TJI ■-IT* CNiO w N 00 I^tJI CO -f coco CNCN CNCN •o 50 ■* coco (3° 1 co Q Z P O f* •a ».2 -23 g m 3 o3 fe o £r lO O) •OTf CNCN oto 00 a> t- lOiO o >o SO oo co too -*CN ©^ CNCN 1 ■* 00 00 T«T" o « H £ * 2 fl2B CO o oo> 00 iO OCN a> oo OCTJ t- CO CN t~ 050 OJt^ t» C0 1< 1-1 .'S o '"H 1 1 , 03 o .2 3 ro m ■»» OO lOir- CO CN ~> Nto to CO 00 CO 50 T)l,-I WW 1 to CO CN o CN oai COCN a ■«! 0 u 55 c < « a 00 M 0 u S5 6 U o Pa- is ^i 3 £ c 0 *o O -a u c u OJ kl < T3 _2 c3 ^ OB ^ co « z c O O 1 6 0 ■o c o 03 < 0) o A Pa 0 © lJ S o o i? 03 3 -d T 1 1 00 00 T3-0 00 00 -a ~a 00 s CN 0 cm *-• a 7 tj< s •* 00 00 00 9 E =3 a ta d 03 fa c d 03 o3 d d 03 cj d d 03 03 u fa 0* H "oj 9 £■ % 4 n w n W mm WW mm WW mm WW 3 0 la O £ a o CM o •<* 0 u 0 (/I T3 fa 03 ■d-d (a U 03 03 -d-d | E CI el o OS T3 T3 0J m T3-0 OJ 0J mm 0J QJ mm T)T3 0J 0J mm X d o o 03 '1 5° a 03 *a CM d 03 do d d c3 03 MOO INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS 31 00 •* 00 t~- on CO n CO oo co o 00 co ^ C0CN o -* rt CN ^ to O Nt- t~ CO COO t» ■* ■* t- "* CN -tt< ■* on to co CO-h o o CN oo CO CO s CM o ■*•* _ t~ CM CO a> CO »-» o *~l •"* co o t~00 00 ^ 00 00 t~ 3 t» ro a O W N m coco 3 t~n< o 00 S3 O lO O CN © o rs.i-< 03 ri t~0 o o O CO ■i •<1< ■o UJ (ON ■* CO CO"* 110 ■* *# lO >-0 >o CO ■* o too ■* m 00 00 r- co CO o 00 eo ■* ■* CO "*"* T* co coco •* CM 00 o CN CO M en CMC© -1 1 -.10 _ o o ■^ CO O ■* o ON CO •a OOCM on CO o en lO m •* CN 00 o CM CO ■* CN •CO >o ■* •<* ^ o ■■* ■* w IN •&*a CO CN CNCN CO CO IN eo "* CN m CN C ; a w 3 . d u 3 a 2 a 0 c o 0 u *- T 0) a nh N co 9 u | CO oo 1 -3 B 0 E 9) CO on 01 CM on on 00 CO , Co M ei 2 U si CO em 00 e i i c Bj 00 a> co a> CO CO O2 02 02 T en 0 H si O 0 p. •- 1 E cu co o >> a = a a.' J, a S3 l3 t)T3 — >- c3 as T3-0 Ei 0 U 4 a -00 -c-3 CO CO CN 1 o u CO > a S3 u A) U 4) Co X ce CD C C 0) o It} si U I si u 3 U M '5 > S a M o O CI aj 00 i 02 c a oj o3 02 02 ■7} O is 02 02 5 02 be > >> GO o Q +-* 8 S5 o > 8 93 a > '- o: ;— D > U 32 CONTROL SERIES NO. 105 O ►J-2 ^ o I>oq cafe to CO t^Tjl ,_, ■* CI t3> J5 CO OS ^ t^ oa 05 CNCN CO to O to CO t- o CO o fa «.S n! ^ —. o ■* CNCN 3 o to CO CO OS o o en coco 00 co to o •^ OS ?J^£ 00 t» to to t» t- b» OS co CO lO «g "cl N O w^ CO o CO t^ o o tDCN o 00 o H lO ■* CDC- ■>!< us ■* •* U5 U5 l>. -d CD -o "S— OS £S5 ^ o 00 CNU0 U5 -" N c lO •* CM "3 a o «* CO COCO t^ OS oo •> CO CO CO t- O 1 1 p ce a) e 0 fa M ».2 S3 b j 3 cj tT— So o 00 •*W cn 5 00 IQ »o CO 55 m a CO N rtO «* l~ -f CM CN OS o K 04 Eh 55 S 0 a 2 J2 rt ^ B h t. C H.So fcfa OS o 00 oo <* t- <# CO tN t- CO CO I~ "*"* to rt o O OS rt ^ y~t CO > "a cu a OS 03 a '3 S St. S ■5 CO •* OS»H iq its t- OS 10 U5 o a o CO CO to cn COCO 1QCD oo CN o CO CM CN OS CN CJ CO CN U ►» ^* 04 •— S = 04 t» CO .C 3 C73 ce 9 0 . 00 u 0 Eh tP Ph a O 6 fa B tu •a tu ^2 M cu 09 fa Op a CO 1 CO 1 t^ t-l tu i 1. 0 c 00 3, c 2 Z o COCO 1 1 COCO tu s 6 Oh B o '3 03 O V CJ 03 03 O o tu OS 3> cu u Q a u 3 CI CU r~t~ a M S3 O O O "P o3 M Ml S S ■4< PP o H H H Xi C3 o fa tu CO (0 00 O m $ Uh b W tg fcH ta ta to C u bjj 9 ? 9 3 3 3 p 3 PQ 3 (H "9 ■a I -5 ■a ■9 -5 ■p s '3 cu p. a o o C o 5 o o o o o o O O O o o eu CO 0 9 £ ^ p t* ^ > S» u ? INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS 33 CHEMICALS AND RAW PRODUCTS. Summary of Results of the Inspection of Unmixed Fertilizers Material. X a ».S So >> t^ m <* ■* CN OS eo COCO o o o b ■* "* l~ on ■* CO o CN CN CN -* CO CO IOU5 CO ■a CN 1-1 1-1 1-1 ^H r~t co 1-1 .2 h ■* CO ■* o U5 t~ O •* «5 o «5 lOO CO 00 -f< 3! CO -r CN CN CJ CO I- m OCN CO Cs tfloa co co rH rn t» OJ CN O co CO «5 eo 00 "5 oi< co co ■* w >c CO CD ■* CN CN t^ ■* t»ii5 •* co H a 03 ■a oo o o o o p o O o O a o o OO o CO rl a] lO O o o o o >o o o "5 o o oo O o x 3 Cj rH CN rH CM rH (N ^ CO IN CN CN CNCN CN rH 0 i O CO « o HI 3-, c IN CJ IN m t*- l-» CN CO ^ to com oS tD c 00 "5 co CO o co CT> co 00 CNCN o £ 0 fa o lO U5 o o o OiO «3 c; 03 3 00 CN o CN © (N o CN IN m ooo 00 0 CN rn CO IN H o £ J T3 iO ■* ^, CO o CN CN O as U5 CN eo-* X) < H O 3 O to co eo O co t~ OS ■-1 _ OS OS t^ Oi-i co IN ^H ^ CN CN rH CN CO rH rH J-l rH CNCN CN rn H ■Sh ni QJ s -1 °s e A co T3 c T3T3 oo rl d a 00 rl 3 s 03 -P 03 3 d 03 ft 00 rl ■= a 03 o & • H 00 3 C • 03 00 r< 3 a 03 s rt rl 3 3 03 P. CO 4hQ ^ i >>d "^ CO oo jj u 3 3 B 03 00 00 rfl 7 00 t-l . CO oo" 3 d 03 s pq 0) 0) -d CO o =8 ft 0) 00 CO 0) rB CO ^CO a) s rl 3 B 03 03 O o 0. O o =8 ft 00 90 — r%' tH "3 • o fa a 00 rO CO [3 a 03 ft 00 CO 3 o fa ■a 00 el O -5 00 |H rB CO >> 00 3 d 03 r^ ft 3 d B 03 S CO ft-* Oco 00 o "oS ft rd CO T3 C oj 2 s PQ-5 On O O £ o Q T3 CO N 00 Q >> -r? 00 3 3 00 3 -r' 03 00 fa^ a c §o pq 00 a CO j O — 7. O a a > fa 03 00 rfl CO O "d"d 03 03 Sfi _o B g > 3 fa X 3 oo CO rB CO Q o O a o fa > 03 P °8 a seta o o 5B 00 B d o 03 co ft B o o o U O - n u K s E o 3 d r3 O e d O 6 O 60 d O CO u 3 b 5 >— d O o d 03 3 a d 'C on a 03 O *c cu i U a GQ 'rl 03 o CO ,5 o a CO rl fa 3 O 0 rl H 3 Q =8 | 3 '3 CO 1 o -: O 00 rl d O M 00 u CO fa 3 CO CJ ■> h CO CO id CO CO J "3 00 c 00 Ph T3 CO *o B o 6 u 03 fa r2 V 03 w ft X fa 00 M H >> d of d 00 o «8 Jt O B d CO s in o HI w CO 9 < £ 03 rl q fa d 03 rl « O O & o < < o o -t<— i CNCN ■-1 iH CN o-f co ■* IOC) CNCN rf — i —c CN i-a 2 • 5 cj C u 3 t. H43s O 3 c c «« T3-0 cS a! - O 0 «M O •8 cu CMC ™ ss o><; '^ y ? 04 0H si. -^ 44 CONTROL SERIES No. 105 DEFINITIONS AND INTERPRETATIONS RELATING TO FERTILIZERS The following definitions and interpretations have been adopted as official by vote of the Association of Official Agricultural Chemists of North America. Definitions An acid-forming fertilizer is one that is capable of increasing the residual acidity of soil. Acidulated fish tankage, acidulated fish scrap, is the rendered product derived from fish and treated with sulfuric acid. Activated sewage products are those made from sewage freed from grit and coarse solids and aerated after being inoculated with microorganisms. The re- sulting flocculated organic matter is withdrawn from the tanks, filtered with or without the aid of coagulants, dried, ground, and screened. Agricultural liming material is material whose calcium and magnesium content is capable of neutralizing soil acidity. Air-slaked lime is a product composed of variant proportions of the oxide, hydroxide and carbonate of calcium, or of calcium and magnesium, and derived from exposure of quick lime. Ammoniated superphosphate is the product obtained when superphosphate is treated with ammonia or with a solution containing free ammonia and other forms of nitrogen dissolved therein. The word analysis, as applied to fertilizer, shall designate the percentage com- position of the product expressed in those terms that the law requires and permits. Ashes from leached wood are unleached ashes resulting from burning wood that has been exposed to or digested in water or other liquid solvent, as in the extraction of dyes, so that a part of the plant food has been dissolved and removed. Available phosphoric acid is the sum of the water-soluble and the citrate- soluble phosphoric acid. "Basic" lime phosphate (lime-based superphosphate) is a superphos- phate to which liming materials have been added in a quantity at least six per cent (6%) calcium carbonate equivalents in excess of the quantity required to convert all water-soluble phosphate to the citrate-soluble form. Basic phosphate slag is a by-product in the manufacture of steel from phos- phatic iron ores. The product shall be finely ground and shall contain no ad- mixture of materials other than what results in the original process of manufacture. It shall contain not less than twelve per cent (12%) of total phosphoric acid (P206), not less than eighty per cent (80%) of which shall be soluble in two per cent (2%) citric acid solution according to the Wagner method of analysis. Any phosphate slag not conforming to this definition shall be designated low grade. Bat guano is partially decomposed bat manure. Bat manure is the dry excrement of bats. A brand is a term, design, or trademark used in connection with one or several grades of fertilizers. A brand name is a specific designation applied to an individual fertilizer. Calcium nitrate (nitrate of lime) is a commercial product consisting chiefly of calcium nitrate, and it shall contain not less than fifteen per cent (15%) of nitrogen. Charred peat is peat artificially dried at a temperature that causes partial decomposition. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS 45 Citrate-soluble ("reverted") phosphoric acid is that part of the total phosphoric acid in a fertilizer that is insoluble in water but soluble in a solution of citrate of ammonia according to the method adopted by the A.O.A.C. Crude, inert, or slow-acting nitrogenous materials are unprocessed organic substances relatively high in nitrogen but having a very low value as plant food and showing a low activity by both the alkaline and neutral permanganate methods (below 50% and 80%, respectively). Cyanamid is a commercial product composed chiefly of calcium cyanamid (CaCN2), and it shall contain not less than twenty-one per cent (21%) of nitrogen. DicaJcium phosphate is a manufactured product consisting chiefly of a dicalcic salt of phosphoric acid. Dissolved bone is ground bone or bone meal that has been treated with sul- furic acid. Dolomite is a mineral composed chiefly of carbonate of magnesium and calcium in substantially unimolal (1-1.19) proportions. Dried blood is the collected blood of slaughtered animals, dried and ground and containing not less than twelve per cent (12%) of nitrogen in organic forms. Dried, pulverized, or shredded manures are what the name indicates, and not mixtures of manures and other materials. Fertilizer grade shall represent the minimum guaranty of its plant food ex- pressed in terms of nitrogen (not ammonia), available phosphoric acid, and water-soluble potash. Fish tankage, fish scrap, dry ground fish, fish meal fertilizer grade, is the dried ground product derived from rendered or unrendered fish. Garbage tankage is the rendered, dried, and ground product derived from waste household food materials. Ground limestone (coarse-ground limestone) is the product obtained by grinding either calcareous or dolomitic limestone so that all the material will pass a 10-mesh sieve, and at least fifty per cent (50%) will pass a 100-mesh sieve. Ground raw bone is dried ground animal bones that have not been previously steamed under pressure. Ground shells is the product obtained by grinding the shells of mollusks so that not less than fifty per cent (50%) shall pass a 100-mesh sieve. The product shall also carry the name of the mollusk from which said product is made. Ground shell marl is the product obtained by grinding natural deposits of shell marl so that at least seventy-five per cent (75%) shall pass a 100-mesh sieve. Ground steamed bone is ground animal bones that have been previously steamed under pressure. Gypsum, land plaster, or crude calcium sulfate are products consisting chiefly of calcium sulfate. They may contain twenty per cent (20%) of combined water. (They do not neutralize acid soils.) High calcic products are materials of which 90% or more of the total cal- cium and magnesium content consists of calcium oxide. High magnesic products are materials in which more than 10 per cent of the total calcium and magnesium oxide consists of magnesium oxide. Hoof and horn meal is processed dried, ground hoofs and horns. Hydrated or slaked lime is a dry product consisting chiefly of the hydroxide of calcium and oxide-hydroxide of magnesium. Kainit is a potash salt containing potassium and sodium chlorides and some- times sulfate of magnesia with not less than twelve per cent (12%) of potash (K20). 46 CONTROL SERIES No. 105 Leached wood ashes are ashes from burned unleached wood with part of their plant food removed by artificial means or by exposure to rains, snows, or other solvent. The word lime when applied to liming materials means either calcium oxide or calcium and magnesium oxides. Manure salts are potash salts containing high percentages of chloride and from twenty per cent (20%) to thirty per cent (30%) of potash (K20). The term double manure salts should be discontinued. Monoammonium phosphate (fertilizer grade) is a commercial salt made by combining phosphoric acid with ammonia. It shall contain not less than ten per cent (10%) of nitrogen and not less than forty-six per cent (46%) of available phosphoric acid. Muriate of potash is a potash salt containing not less than forty-eight per cent (48%) of potash (K20), chiefly as chlorides. Nitrate of potash is a salt containing not less than twelve per cent (12%) of nitrogen and forty-four per cent (44%) of potash (K20). Nitrate of soda is commercial sodium nitrate containing not less than fifteen per cent (15%) of nitrogen, chiefly as sodium nitrate. A non-acid-forming fertilizer is one that is not capable of increasing the residual acidity of the soil. Peat is partly decayed vegetable matter of natural occurrence. It is composed chiefly of organic matter which contains some nitrogen of low activity. Phosphate rock is a natural rock containing one or more calcium phosphate minerals of sufficient purity and quantity to permit its use, either directly or after concentration, in the manufacture of commercial products. The term phosphoric acid designates phosphorus pentoxide (P206). The term potash designates potassium oxide (K20). Precipitated bone phosphate is a by-product from the manufacture of glue from bones and is obtained by neutralizing the hydrochloric acid solution of proc- essed hone with calcium hydroxide. The phosphoric acid is chiefly present as dicalcium phosphate. P*' Precipitated phosphate is a product consisting mainly of dicalcium phosphate obtained by neutralizing with calcium hydroxide the acid solution of either phos- phate rock or processed hone. Primary fertilizer components are those at present generally recognized by law as necessary to he guaranteed in fertilizers, namely: nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potash. Process tankages are products made under steam pressure from crude inert nitrogenous materials, with or without the use of acids, for the purpose of increas- ing the activity of the nitrogen. These products shall be called "Process Tank- ages" with or without further qualification. The water-insoluble nitrogen in these products shall test at least fifty per cent i50' , I active by the alkaline, or eighty per cent (80' , I by the neutral permanganate method. Products secured by heating calcium phosphate with alkali salts con- taining potash are non-acid phosphates with potash. They are not potassium phosphate. Pulverized limestone (fine-ground limestone) is the product obtained by grinding either calcareous or dolomitic Limestone so that all the material will pass a 20-mesh sieve and at least seventy-live per cent i7.v , ) will pass a 100-mesh sieve. Quick lime, burned lime, caustic lime, lump lime, unslaked lime. These designations shall apply to calcined materials, the major part of which is calcium oxide, in natural association with a lesser amount of magnesium oxide, and which is capable of slaking with water. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS 47 Secondary fertilizer components are those other than the "primary fertilizer components" that are essential to the proper growth of plants and that may be needed by some soils. Some of these components are calcium, magnesium, sulfur, manganese, copper, zinc, and boron. Sheep manure — woo! waste is the by-product from wool-carding establish- ments consisting chiefly of sheep manure, seeds, and wool fiber. Soft phosphate with colloidal clay is a very finely divided low-analysis by- product from mining Florida rock phosphate by a hydraulic process in which the colloidal materials settle at points in artificial ponds and basins farthest from the washer, and are later removed after the natural evaporation of the water. Sulfate of ammonia (commercial ammonium sulfate) is a commercial product composed chiefly of ammonium sulfate. It shall contain not less than twenty and five-tenths per cent (20.5%) of nitrogen. S five sulfate chlorine. Sulfate of potash (commercial potassium sulfate) is a potash salt con- taining not less than forty-eight per cent (48%) of potash (K20) chiefly as sulfate, and not more than two and one-naif per cent (2.5%) of chlorine. Superphosphate is a commercial phosphate, the phosphoric acid (P206) con- tent of which is due chiefly to mono-calcium phosphate. (The grade that shows the available phosphoric acid should always be used as a prefix to the name. Example: l(i per cent superphosphate.) Tankage (without qualification) is the rendered, dried, and ground by-product, largely meat and bone from animals (slaughtered or that have died otherwise). A unit of plant food is twenty (20) pounds, or one per cent (1%) of a ton. Unleached wood ashes are ashes from burned unleached wood that have had no part of their plant food removed and that contain four per cent (4%) or more of water-soluble potash (Iv.O). Waste lime, by-product lime, is any industrial waste or by-product contain- ing calcium or calcium and magnesium in forms that will neutralize acids. It may be designated by the prefixation of the name of the industry or process by which it is produced, i.e., gas-house lime, tanners' lime, acetylene lime-waste, lime-kiln ashes, calcium silicate, etc. Interpretations Activity of water-insoluble nitrogen in mixed fertilizers. The alkaline and neutral permanganate methods distinguish between the better and the poorer sources of water-insoluble nitrogen, and do not show the percentage availability of the materials. The available nitrogen of any product can be measured only after carefully conducted vegetation experiments. (a) The methods shall be used on mixed fertilizers containing water-insoluble nitrogen amounting to three-tenths of one per cent (0.3%) or more of the weight of the material. If a total nitrogen exceeds the minimum guaranty and is ac- companied by a low activity of the insoluble nitrogen, the over-run shall be taken into consideration in determining the classification of the water-insoluble nitrogen. (f>) The water-insoluble nitrogen in mixed fertilizers showing an activity below fifty per cent (50%) by the alkaline method and also below eighty per cent (80%) by the neutral method shall be classed as inferior. This necessitates the use of both methods, also the provision as to over-run in (a), before classifying as inferior. Amount of chlorine permissible in fertilizers in which the potash is claimed as sulfate. The chlorine in mixed fertilizers in which the potash is claimed as sulfate shall not exceed one-half of one per cent (0.5%) more than what is called for in the minimum potash content based on the definition of potash as formulated by the Committee. Calculate as follows: 0.05 times the percentage of potash found plus 0.5. 48 CONTROL SERIES No. 105 The analysis or grade of a fertilizer should be included with its brand name, and so used by the manufacturer on sacks and in printed literature and by the control official in his reports and publications. Cyanamide and urea nitrogen is synthetic non-protein organic nitrogen. A fertilizer formula shall express the quantity and grade of the crude stock materials used in making a fertilizer mixture. For example: 800 pounds of sixteen per cent superphosphate, 800 pounds of tankage (7.40 nitrogen and 9.15 total phosphoric acid), and 400 pounds of sulfate of potash-magnesia (twenty-six per cent (26%) potash). Finely ground in the definition of basic phosphate slag shall refer to actual size of particles as determined by the use of standard sieves, as follows: seventy per cent (70%) or more shall pass a 100-, and ninety per cent (90%) or more shall pass a 50-mesh sieve. The term "lime" shall not be used in the registration, labelling, or guaranteeing of fertilizers or fertilizing materials unless the lime is in a form or forms to neutral- ize soil acidity. The weights appearing on packages of fertilizer, agricultural lime, and liming materials shall always mean net weights. The order of terms in mixed fertilizers shall be nitrogen first, phosphoric acid second, and potash third. When the name of a fertilizer material is used as a part of the brand name of a mixed fertilizer, as, for example, blood, bone, or fish, the nitrogen or phosphoric acid shall be derived from or supplied entirely by the material named. When the name of a fertilizer material is used as a brand or as part of a brand and the nitro- gen or phosphoric acid is not supplied by the material named, the word "brand" shall follow the name of the materials. Example: "Fish Brand Fertilizer." The statement of guaranties of mixed fertilizers shall be given in whole numbers. As the terms phosphoric acid and potash are used universally in guaranteeing and in reporting the analyses of fertilizers, it is recommended that the same terms also be used in reporting and discussing the results of analyses of related materials. DIRECTORY OF MANUFACTURERS WHO REGISTERED FERTILIZERS FOR SALE IN MASSACHUSETTS IN 1940 Acme Guano Co., 310 Marine Bank Bldg., Baltimore, Md. Agro-Chem Laboratories, Inc., 1852 Georgia Ave., Toledo, Ohio American Agricultural Chemical Co., North Weymouth, Mass. American Cyanamid Co., 30 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N. Y. American Potash & Chemical Corporation, Trona, Cal. Apothecaries Hall Co., Waterbury, Conn. Archer-Daniels-Midland Co., Minneapolis, Minn. Armour Fertilizer Works, 80 Eighth Ave., New York, N. Y. Ashcraft-Wilkinson Co., Trust Company of Georgia Bldg., Atlanta, Ga. Atkins & Durbrow, Inc., 165 John St., New York, N. Y. Ernest J. Bantle, Glastonbury, Conn. Barrett Co., 40 Rector St., New York, N. Y. F. A. Bartlett Tree Expert Co., 60 Canal St., Stamford, Conn. Belmont Gardens, 170 Brighton St., Belmont, Mass. Berkshire Chemical Co., 92 Howard Ave., Bridgeport, Conn. L. H. Brague, 52 Bartlett Ave., Pittsfield, Mass. Joseph Breck & Sons Corporation, 85 State St., Boston, Mass. Buell Fertilizer Co., Exeter, N. H. Central Soya Co., Inc., Ft. Wayne, Ind. Chilean Nitrate Sales Corporation, 120 Broadway, New York, N. Y. Clay & Son, Ltd., Stratford, London, England Collins Seed Service Co., 131 Beverly St., Boston, Mass. Consolidated Chemical Industries, Inc., 630 Fifth Ave., New York, N. Y. Consolidated Rendering Co., 178 Atlantic Ave., Boston, Mass. Daedalus Farm, Scituate Center, Mass. Davey Tree Expert Co., Kent, Ohio Davison Chemical Corporation, Baltimore, Md. E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Inc., Wilmington, Del. Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Springfield, Mass. Ellis Associates, Inc., 92 Greenwood Ave., Montclair, N. J. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS 49 Thomas W. Emerson Co., 215 State St., Boston, Mass. Excell Laboratories, 2625 Indiana Ave., Chicago, 111. Fertilizer Sales Corporation, 617 Concord Ave., Cambridge, Mass. Florida'Humus Co., Zellwood, Fla. Foodndrink Fertilizer Co., 253 Portland St., Cambridge, Mass. Ford Motor Co., 3674 Schaefer Road, Dearborn, Mich. French Potash Co., Inc., 30 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N. Y. H. L. Frost & Higgins Co., Arlington, Mass. Glidden Co., Soya Products Division, 5165 West Moffat St., Chicago, III. Goulard & Olena, Inc., 140 Liberty St., New York, N. Y. Thomas J. Grey Co., 16 South Market St., Boston, Mass. Hartney-Amalia, Inc., 581 Boylston St., Boston, Mass. Henderson & Herndon Tree Co., Inc., 9 Story Ave., Beverly, Mass. Allen Hersom Co., 74 Howard Ave., New Bedford, Mass. A. H. Hoffman, Inc., Landisville, Penn. Humphreys-Godwin Co., Memphis, Tenn. A. W. Hunt, Weston, Mass. Hydroponic Chemical Co., Inc., 152 West 42nd St., New York, N. Y. Hy-Trous Sales Company of New England, 17 Kilsythe Road, Arlington, Mass. International Agricultural Corporation, Woburn, Mass. J. W. Joynt, Lucknow, Ontario, Canada Spencer Kellogg & Sons, Inc., 98 Delaware Ave., Buffalo, N. Y. Kem Plant Food Corporation, 485 Madison Ave., New York, N. Y. L. B. Lovitt & Co., 1004 Falls Bldg., Memphis, Tenn. John D. Lyon, 17 Bartlett Ave., Belmont, Mass. McClain Brothers Co., 263 Clark Bldg., Canton, Ohio Mechling Bros. Chemicals, Division of General Chemical Co., 12 South 12th St., Philadelphia, Penn. Miller Chemical & Fertilizer Corporation, 1000 South Caroline St., Baltimore, Md. National Electro Chemical Co., 227 Canal St., Maiden, Mass. New England Toro Co., 1121 Washington St., West Newton, Mass. New England Tree Expert Co., Inc., 153 Brighton Ave., Boston, Mass. Norfolk Humus Co., Stoughton, Mass. Norwood Brand Fertilizer Co., North Reading, Mass. Old Deerfield Fertilizer Co., Inc., South Deerfield, Mass. Olds & Whipple, Inc., 168 State St., Hartford, Conn. F. G. Phillips Co., 37 Circuit Road, Dedham, Mass. Plantabbs Co., Baltimore, Md. Plantspur Products Co., Ridgefield, N. J. Potash Company of America, Mercantile Trust Bldg., Baltimore, Md. Premier Poultry Manure Division, North American Car Corporation, 327 South La Salle St., Chicago, 111. Pulverized Manure Co., 503 Exchange Bldg., Union Stock Yards, Chicago, 111. Ramshorn Mills, Inc., West Millbury, Mass. Ra-Pid-Gro Corporation, Dansville, N. Y. John Reardon & Sons Division of Wilson & Co., Inc., 51 Waverly St., Cambridge, Mass. Rogers & Hubbard Co., Portland, Conn. N. Roy & Son, South Attleboro, Mass. Ruhm Phosphate & Chemical Co., Mt. Pleasant, Tenn. Scarborough Testing Gardens, Inc., Scarborough, N. Y. O. M. Scott & Sons Co., Marysville, Ohio Sewerage Commission of the City of Milwaukee, P. O. Box 2079, Milwaukee, Wis. M. L. Shoemaker Co., Division of Wilson & Co., Inc., Venango St. and Delaware Ave., Philadelphia, Penn. Soil Builders, Inc., Dunnellon, Fla. A. E. Staley Manufacturing Co., Decatur, 111. Standard Wholesale Phosphate & Acid Works, Inc., 1600 Mercantile Trust Bldg., Baltimore, Md. Sutton & Sons, Ltd., Reading, England Swift & Company Fertilizer Works, 910 Court Square Bldg. Baltimore, Md. F. Sylvester & Son, 397 Procter Ave., Revere, Mass. Synthetic Nitrogen Products Corporation, 285 Madison Ave., New York, N. Y. Tennessee Corporation, Lockland, Ohio Tobacco By-Products & Chemical Corporation, Inc., 1010 Columbia Bldg., Louisville, Ky. Universal Chemical Co., 106 Ontario St., Lynn, Mass. Virginia-Carolina Chemical Corporation, Carteret, N. J. Walker-Gordon Laboratory Co., Inc., Plainsboro, N. J. C. P. Washburn Co., Middleboro, Mass. Winslow Nurseries, 1808 Great Plain Ave., Needham, Muss. Thomas Wood & Sons, Inc., 12-14 Midland Ave., Montclair, N. J. Woodard Bros., Greenfield, Mass. Woodruff Fertilizer Works, Inc., Orange, Conn. POBLICATION OF THIS DOCUMENT APPROVED BY COMMISSION ON ADMINISTRATION AND FINANCE 3m-l 1-40- 1201 Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station CONTROL SERIES BULLETIN No. 106 OCTOBER, 1940 Inspection of Agricultural Lime Products By Philip H. Smith and J. VV. Kuzmeski This is the twenty-ninth report on the inspection of agricultural lime products in Massachusetts. It gives the composition of the various products which have been sold in the State during the year. Massachusetts State College Amherst, Mass. INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL LIME PRODUCTS FOR THE SEASON OF 1940 By Philip H. Smith, Official Chemist and J. W. Kuzmeski, Senior Chemist ' Manufacturers and Brands During 1940, 23 firms registered for sale in Massachusetts 49 brands of lime products, manufactured and sold for neutralizing acid soils, two brands of gypsum, and one brand of agricultural talc. The products are grouped as follows : Hydrated or slaked lime 26 Pulverized and ground limestone 21 Oyster shell lime 1 Lime ashes 1 Total 49 Gypsum 2 Talc 1 The analytical results which appear in this bulletin represent officially drawn samples secured by the same sampling agents who drew the samples of commercial fertilizer which served for the inspection of that commodity; the samples there- fore came from every section of the state and are, we believe, representative^ the lime products sold in Massachusetts as soil amendments. We were not successful in securing samples of the following brands: Bluepoints Co., Inc., Water Street, East Providence, R. I. Sealshipt Brand Oyster Shell Dust Brewer & Co., Inc., 45 Arctic Street, Worcester, Mass. Green Mountain Handy Hydrate Lime Kiln Ashes Producto Agricultural Lime Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Springfield, Mass. Eastern States Land Lime L. A. Howard, Proctors vi lie, Vt. Howards Agricultural Talc Rockland-Rockport Lime Co., Inc., Rockland, Maine R-R Land Lime, Special High Magnesia Solvay Process Co., Syracuse, N. Y. Solvay Pulverized Limestone Variations and Deficiencies Found in the Composition of Lime Products Of the lime products effective in neutralizing soil acidity, about 71 per cent of those analyzed fully met the minimum guarantee; of the 20 ground limestone products, S showed deficiencies. Some of the deficiencies were not of a serious nature as the companion ingredient was present in sufficient excess to more than make up the full neutralizing value of the product as based on the stated guar- antee. The same may be said of the hydrated lime products where 7 out of 22 brands, about 32 per cent, showed deficiencies. The tables of analyses will show the extent of variations from the guaranteed composition. 'Assisted by H. Robert DeRose, Albert F. Spelman, Leo V. Crowley and Francis J. Farren, Chemists; J. T. Howard, L. A. Graves, and C. L. Whiting, Sampling Agents; George E. Taylor, Laboratory Assistant, Cora B. Grover, Clerk. Explanation of Tables of Analyses Table I, "Percentage of total oxides as carbonates." The data furnished in this column are calculated from an actual determination of carbon dioxide (C02). ( 'alcium or magnesium not in the form of carbonate is present either as hydrated lime (water- or air-slaked), as burned lime (caustic or unslaked), or as basic silicate. All of the products listed in this table have at some time been burned, and the percentage of oxides present as carbonates indicates to what extent the product has absorbed carbon dioxide from the air. Tables II and III, "Carbonates of calcium and magnesium." The figures in this column are exclusive of the small amounts of calcium and magnesium com- bined as basic silicates; these are readily soluble in mineral acid solutions but obviously should not be classed as carbonates. Under "Mechanical analysis" the figures represent in round numbers the per- centage of product that would pass or be retained by the meshed sieves mentioned. The limestone products have been published in two groups or grades (see tables II and III) according to fineness of grinding and to conform to definitions voted by the Association of Official Agricultural Chemists at their 1936 meeting. Tables I, II, and III, "Neutralizing value expressed in terms of calcium oxide" represents the acid neutralizing value of both the magnesium and the calcium. The figures in the "per cent" column are obtained by a direct titration with stand- ard acid. The "pounds in one ton" are secured by multiplying the figures in the "per cent" column by 20. "Insoluble matter" represents material which is insoluble in dilute hydrochloric acid to which a few drops of nitric acid have been added. Definitions and Interpretations Relating to Lime Products The following definitions and interpretations have been adopted as official by vote of the Association of Official Agricultural Chemists of North America. Definitions Agricultural liming material is material whose calcium and magnesium content is capable of neutralizing soil acidity. Air-slaked lime is a product composed of variant proportions of the oxide, hydroxide and carbonate of calcium, or of calcium and magnesium, and derived from exposure of quick lime. Dolomite is a mineral composed chiefly of carbonate of magnesium and calcium in substantially unimolal (1-1.19) proportions. Ground limestone (coarse-ground limestone) is the product obtained by grinding either calcareous or dolomitic limestone so that all the material will pass a 10-mesh sieve, and at least fifty per cent (50%) will pass a 100-mesh sieve. Ground shells is the product obtained by grinding the shells of mollusks so that not less than fifty per cent (50%) shall pass a 100-mesh sieve. The product shall also carry the name of the mollusk from which said product is made. Ground shell marl is the product obtained by grinding natural deposits of shell marl so that at least seventy-five per cent (75%) shall pass a 100-mesh sieve. Gypsum, land plaster, or crude calcium sulfate are products consisting chiefly of calcium sulfate. They may contain twenty per cent (20%) of combined water. (They do not neutralize acid soils.) High calcic products are materials of which ninety per cent (90%) or more of the calcium and magnesium content consists of calcium oxide. High magnesic products are materials in which more than ten per cent (10%) of the total calcium and magnesium oxide consists of magnesium oxide. Hydrated or slaked lime is a dry product consisting chiefly of the hydroxide of calcium and oxide-hydroxide of magnesium. The word lime when applied to liming materials means either calcium oxide or calcium and magnesium oxides. Pulverized limestone (fine-ground limestone) is the product obtained by grinding either calcareous or dolomitic limestone so that all the material will pass a 20-mesh sieve and at least seventy-five per cent (75%) will pass a 100-mesh sieve. Secondary fertilizer components are those other than the "primary fertilizer components" that are essential to the proper growth of plants and that may be needed by some soils. Some of these components are calcium, magnesium, sulfur manganese, copper, zinc, and boron. A unit of plant food is twenty (20) pounds, or one per cent (1%) of a ton. Waste lime, by-product lime, is any industrial waste or by-product contain- ing calcium or calcium and magnesium in forms that will neutralize acids. It may be designated by the prefixation of the name of the industry or process by which it is produced, i.e., gas-house lime, tanners' lime, acetylene lime-waste, lime-kiln ashes, calcium silicate, etc. Interpretations The term "lime" shall not be used in the registration, labelling, or guarantee- ing of fertilizers or fertilizing materials unless the lime is in a form or forms to neutralize soil acidity. The weights appearing on packages of fertilizer, agricultural lime, and liming materials shall always mean net weights. •5 * IS go 35 O O C-l lO ^H (OU5 10 00 cc r- SS 33 O lO — ' OS O— I ,-. ■*M i-c IN i-H-H ^O DO o oo ^h O a -*M t~ « •CX S 4> a.S •ex" a ?i ♦3-5 •2 «- Sw jjs s — _ «• ~ S3 r23 S a .11 « <*r 2 41 5 » > O k. ?. rt 3 gcow CO 00 T3 4) >> >w «— . r 3 o^ 4)'C -£ ^^ B « "■a S M O <9 as .to fcw W *« a 4; kc - S3 a § » o g g X o j-i 4) e s 0-3 « " u a Hi S ; .3 o - ft aft .3=3 "35 <; fl3 (0t3 « >> Sw " sS a! 2g 4> M "C 4) It •S.9 ft" ?H go u o o OOO O a) a) 4) g A J 32 )Jlltl SO 03 a. cJS * a! « >> ^ gl-o o^ S2 dp 2- 3 i uS S* O O o CNO -r ooo f-C". 00 o-too COOOO oot~o -POO 00 co 0 »o ?>-r -v OCO CO 0) -f -h — -f CO lOOIN CN 000 00,>>§ owao 4)— c—.^' i S2g .- r r ^ 1-1 3 » O'C'C a « bC M 03 C o o o fjj o o o z 6 03 3 g| • P5 §1 O «"> >»ggW oe — — - o a> a at, iBctij "Scoo <0 CO CO CO c c a c 0 o o o s a a a eo OiCOCN ■* ■^cDr- OS oiosd l~ ost^oo CO locoo O 1< >O00 'H -HCN>C oo COCO-^" oo ON'* 1-1 I-l 1-1 1-1 M i-it>.CN ■* coon 03 ■ooot^ 115 0>0'0 O ooo o ooo od tOiCO 05 050501 CO COOSO) co ot^co t~ 00 CO CO OJ OS 05 C> o ooo o moo ,_<' do (N CNCN _l loao t~ Oii-iCN 1-j -HO (N CNCN o ooo o CNOO d cooo co lOCOCO o 05 01— I ■* 1-hcoco d ■*005 co •OCOCN 0 CB • • • a 0 2 • • • u 4-1 W3 c « art ooo o o S soo « * „r „r CO — — co co < . eft eft to 5 2 • 08 a a3 cj c3 Cft Cb W-'^-''--' .u o; co • e a a 0 o o o 2 „ w m co oo 00 CO d v « e | sea ^■s -a * o §3143 ©-=; a u o >» eft 03 eft D5Q 0 5 5 5 «8£ ooii^i; «333 .aS +J o o u 1* <»<.<««< t/3 co 4 Hooo « 02 CO CO ■gppp Q & 10 T3 c 3 o u 0 •o C 3 o u C x C o; 3 SO SB < W - H ° v gw » fc> > SjO o Phi-h >-i C*)cN 1-1 H « (O 3 °0'S a * s •on 5 C « ■a 0 S3 ?s s& go a) 0 s •01. S 'si ; +* SB. 1"! 11 S § § J h-lh-1 73 ■a-a si ffl it as b a 1 S 5c Cf? eel a £ *0 O o aa J7 o o 000 « « J) Jh-lh-1 _ . . £0 P .2 3 sl !§ d 2 9) — || 25 •o fl-C S tit c c Wis *z «<< Z u c 3 #£ 1* C/3_Oi ■SO o 3 O 11 Table IV. Gypsum or Land Plaster Name of Manufacturer and Brand Calcium Oxide (CaO). Found. Guar- anteed. Connecticut Adamant Plaster Co., 10 River St., New Haven, Conn. "*Nova Scotia Brand Land Plaster United States Gypsum Co., 300 West Adams St., Chicago, 111. USG Ben Franklin Agricultural Gypsum USG Ben Franklin Agricultural Gypsum 33.12 32.13 32.65 30.00 30.00 Calcium Sulfate (CaSQ4). Found. Guar- anteed. 74.11 75.50 74.16 79.26 64.50 64.50 Moisture 14.28 16.33 15.15 Publication of this Document approved by the Commission on Administration and Finance 2500-11-40-4401 MASSACHUSETTS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION CONTROL SERIES BULLETIN NO. 107 NOVEMBER, 1940 Seed Inspection By F. A. McLaughlin This report, the thirteenth in seed control service, is a record of work delegated to the Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station during 1940, by authority of Chapter 94 as amended by Chapter 288 of the Acts of 1937 and Chapter 363 of the Acts of 193S. MASSACHUSETTS STATE COLLEGE AMHERST, MASS. ANNOUNCEMENT The Seed Testing Laboratory will allow ten units of work free of charge, during any calendar year, to any resident firm or citizen of Massachusetts. Units are rated as follows: Units Purity analysis (red clover, timothy, etc.) 1 Purity analysis (bluegrass, orchard grass, etc.) 2 Purity analysis of a mixture of seeds (depending upon the number of kinds in the mixture) 4-10 Examination for noxious weeds (sample of 4 oz. or less) 2 Identification of seed or plant 1 Cleaning tobacco seed (4 oz. or less) 2 Germination test (4 x 100 seeds of any seed not chaffy or requiring purity analysis) 1 Germination test (soil, 2 x 100 seeds) 1 Germination test (chaffy grasses or seeds requiring purity analysis) 2 Fees for work in excess of the ten free units allowed to a citizen or resident firm of Massachusetts are as follows: Germination test of all crop seeds except grasses -10.25 Germination test of timothy 25 Germination test of all other grasses 50 Purity analysis of cereals 50 Purity analysis of timothy 75 Purity analysis of all other grasses 1.00 Purity analysis of all other crop seeds 75 Purity analysis of mixtures of not more than 2 kinds of agricultural seeds 1 .00 Purity analysis of special mixtures, including lawn grasses and pasture mixtures — a charge sufficient to cover the actual cost of working the sample, depending entirely upon the character of the sample. Minimum charge 1.25 In no case will the final report be rendered until all fees are paid. The minimum weights of samples to be submitted for analysis are: a. Two ounces of grass seed, white or alsike clover, or seeds not larger than these. b. Five ounces of red or crimson clover, alfalfa, ryegrasses, millet, rape, or seeds of similar size. c. One pound of cereal, vetches, or seeds of similar or larger size. The minimum number of seed of any one kind to be submitted for a germina- tion test is 400. SEED INSPECTION By F. A. McLaughlin1 MASSACHUSETTS VEGETABLE SEED STANDARDS FOR 1941 Section 261D of the Seed Law requires that a set of standards for germination of vegetable seeds be determined each year by the Director of the Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station and approved by the Commissioner of Agri- culture. The following set of standards for 1941 has been so determined and approved : KIND OF SEED GERMINATION STANDARD % KIND OF SEED GERMINATION STANDARD % Artichoke 60 Asparagus (including hard seed) 70 Beans, except Limas SO Beans, Limas 70 Beets 65 Broccoli 75 Brussels Sprouts 70 Cabbage 75 Carrot 55 Cauliflower 75 Celeriac 55 Celery 55 Chard, Swiss 65 Chicory 65 Citron 65 Collards 80 Corn, Sweet 75 *Cress, Garden 40 Cress, Water 25 Cucumber 80 Dandelion 45 Egg Plant 60 Endive 70 Fetticus (Corn Salad) 70 Kale 75 Kohlrabi 75 Leek 60 Let luce 80 Melons: Muskmelon 75 Watermelon 70 Mustard 75 Okra 50 Onions 70 Paisley 60 Parsnip 60 Peas 80 Peppers 55 Pumpkin 75 Radish 75 Rhubarb 60 Rutabaga 75 Salsify 75 Sorrel 60 Spinach: Common 60 Xew Zealand 40 Squash 75 Tomato 75 Tomato, Husk 50 Turnip 80 *Garden Cress (Lepidium sativum) is also called Pepper Grass and Curled Cress. Should not be confused with Upland Cress or Spring Cress (Campe verna) for which no standard has been adopted. The above set of standards is identical with that for 1939 and corresponds with the one adopted by the United States Department of Agriculture for admin- istration of the Federal Seed Act. In the enforcement of the law, no tolerances will be allowed below the minimum standards adopted. 1 Assisted by Miss Jessie L. Anderson, Technical Assistant, and Miss Eunice Richardson, Labora- tory Assistant from March to September, 1940. CONTROL SERIES No. 107 1940 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS From December 1, 1939, to November 1, 1940, the Seed Laboratory received and worked 28.54 sampler of seed, of which 1055 were collected by the State Department of Agriculture and 1799 were sent in by seedsmen, farmers, and various state institutions. An additional lot of 194 samples of flower seeds, for field tests only, was also received from the State Commissioner of Agriculture. Classification of these samples with the total number of laboratory tests in- volved is shown in the following summary. It will be noted that the total number of tests required for the 2854 samples was 4046; 802 for purity and 3184 for germination . Number of number of tests Samples Purity Germination 713 Field Crops for Purity and Germination 713 713 5 Field Crops for Purity Only 5 158 Field Crops for Germination Only 158 103 Lawn and other types of Mixtures for Purity 103 Germinations involving 440 ingredients 440 41 Lawn Mixtures for Purity Only 41 13 Lawn Mixtures for Germination Only, Germination involving 52 ingredients 52 1527 Vegetables for Germination Only 1527 43 Herbs for Germination Only 43 98 Flower Seeds for Germination Only 98 147 Tobacco Seeds for Germination Only 147 (i Tree Seeds for Germination Only <> 2854 Totals 862 Mist Field tests to determine trueness to type were conducted in cooperation with the Departments of Olericulture, Floriculture, and Agronomy, which tested respectively 253 samples of Vegetable seeds, 104 samples of Flower seeds, and 123 samples of Corn. Thirty-one samples of Oats and 35 samples of Red Clover, which were received too late for field tests this season, will be tested during the season of 1941. Results of the field tests are shown on Pages S5-104. The Seed Laboratory cleaned 2 lots of Onion seed and 100 lots of Tobacco seed for Connecticut Valley farmers. More Tobacco seed was cleaned this season than for any year since the Seed Laboratory offered this service. The gross weight of the 100 lots of seed received amounted to 1 ."><>. 7 pounds with a net weight of cleaned seed 121.5 pounds. Explanation of Tables In these tables the seeds are listed in alphabetical order by groups, each group containing only those seeds, the sale of which is regulated by a definite section of the Massachusetts Seed Law. Section 261-A of the Acts and Resolves of 1937 and 1938, Chapters 288 and 363, defines the group from Alfalfa to Wheat, in- clusive; Section 261-B, Mixtures; Section 261-C, Special Mixtures; and Section 201-D, Vegetables. The number preceding each analysis is for identification and reference. The line to the right of the letter "L" gives information copied from the label; that to the right of "F" what was found in the laboratory analysis. Various symbols have been used to call attention to violations and irregularities and with certain tables a column is devoted to "Notes." Where symbols occur an explanation is given in footnotes at bottom of the page. SEED INSPECTION All lots of seed included in this report were tested according to the Rules for Seed Testing adopted by the Association of Official Seed Analysts. "Tolerance" is applied to both purity and germination, except for vegetable seed found below the minimum germination standards adopted, in which instance no tolerance is allowed. "Germination Tolerance" has been applied between a given germination and the result of the germination test as follows: GIVEN GERMINATION (PERCENT) TOLERANCE (PERCENT) 96 or over 5 90 or over, but less than 96 6 80 or over, but less than 90 7 70 or over, but less than 80 8 60 or over, but less than 70 9 Less than 60 10 The tolerance for percentage of pure seed, weed seeds, other crop seeds and inert matter is that used in the enforcement of the Federal Seed Act, but not as yet adop*ted by the Association of Official Seed Analysts. In the determination of the tolerance for the percentage of the distinguishable kind, type, or variety (pure seed), weed seeds, other crop seeds, and inert matter, the sample shall be first considered as made up of two parts: (a) The percentage of the component (pure seed, weed seed, crop seed or inert matter as the case may be) being considered, and (b) the difference between that percentage and 100. The number represented by (a) is then multiplied by the number rep- resented by (b) and the product is divided by 100. The resulting number is then multiplied by 0.2 (2/10) and the resulting product added to 0.2 or 0.6 as indicated in the following formulae: ( ~ a X b ) Pure seed tolerance = 0.6 + < 0.2 X -— — Y Weed seeds, other crop seeds, and , . inert matter tolerance = 0.2 + -< 0.2 X r \ 100 ) For Poa spp., Agrostis spp., Festuca spp., bromegrass, crested wheatgrass, or- chard grass, velvet grass, tall oatgrass, meadow foxtail, sweet vernalgrass, Rhodes grass, Dallis grass, carpet grass, and Bermuda grass, and mixtures con- taining these seeds singly or combined in excess of 50 percent, an additional tolerance shall be allowed. This is to be obtained by adding to the regular tolerance mentioned above the product obtained by multiplying the regular tol- erance by the lesser of "a" and "b" divided by 100. CONTROL SERIES No. 107 M 0 w H < K P H - U 5 o < o o H U td Cu 03 < u fa- ta C 0) - O a •o 4> 41 CO •ha^ O £ O St;*?5 PUco . o ■so E-i-E pa g P n |o _S 4) ijfc oo oo oo 0:0 OOO T), CO o c .,fco K - - h-£w %6 co - <£ ffiO H t-. to 3 « d o p He. _ gN. a* W^co Wgc O C 4) H'Cg O * >c^CO I I t^CM 0000 O0O5 cooo cooo — 'N OOS t~o COf- do too 00OS t-ceo IDS co-h ira-* M 4) O - S5| £q s ■fa o W«-B iJoc co --2 SEED INSPECTION a OO OO oooo Tj>oo oo oo oo oo oo oo oo oo oo oo OW OO oo oo o^< OO NO o as oo oo o't" oo NO 1 d 1^ oo oo do 1 •-i Id do d d — ■ rt NO do o" d iOO tN.I-1 oo IS NO OOO ON N<-> oo ■#co ooo ON O *T d~ do d OO do dd do — . — . SI ll oo o© fflH ON SI w 1 o 1 »o NO d H do — l-i dd d d 03 < 06 ON qoq oo oo q-* ON ooo ON o o 00 SO 0 OO cot 03 dod oo do oo odd oo o»^ oo r-^oo oo oo do oo Z 00 00 oo - _' — _-i- _-i, i-)(X) —U. O - ■£ Wooo § d a g*'g wgs "3 W 00." WZ -T3 q2 . c"3 w i* =82 a Hoo^ E-irt°8 <3C0 0 O z, . J & • <5K 02 a .— a -So - ta °dS W B-- r zo Qo.a & S * oo\fc O 03 OccO x a "5.5 tu 5q8.I 2*0 wS3° wis W a a- 5-2 o •oT) «T3 > a m g cj o S.S-g o a .5^ s a i 3 > M c? «.■£ «_s £ §s.il& •- -, u & K 2II3X a «— o 5 <2-a§'5 CONTROL SERIES No. 10 ', V 73 Q w w CO - 5 H .-) D CJ o < fa O O H U - - CO I— « < U - fa O 0) 3 cTh 0>CG O £ O -tf >.£ oo oo ld--i t~oo oo do 00 o Ail M W Oi O O O Ci o w-* •*<■*• M"* o o a: as o o> O OS Ci OS * 't ** "no5 !N O 3 5 ^ Wo r H1^ ° %%° W . » nag KM *6 ooo -*w do —XN ;W * 00 oo oo OO oo oo oo OO oo oo oo © a, c Oca Z» cs ^ w SEED INSPECTION oo oo oo oo 050 oo oo oo eno oo 1"f f-* ■*-* n-* 1> -* Tf ■* 03 01 OOi 05 05 OiOi 05 05 05 05 CftO> 03 05 — 00 —100 — 00 NO0 NN P°. into 0101 00 00 ,_ — t^-H t~00 — 00 I I (NO0 Oi O 4i»! 3 ■jp* j&< -ife s -5 S :^ Moop "I* £§£ .o < o o o go .r^ «2"3 ^6 Pi° a H -I tf.S3 3« to r-> o .. © o co dO Si* Q O o o tf m*+ - < uJs 5J< a H V. 0,J.*H cO (5 » M o tf _* — ri o> K-2cO Z 3 W £ > gp-H o o >< tf w o o tf o o o - pp o W.S b H o S a O o Q w w r M O H«5 o a** Z «-s sr Q .22 v a M.2£ 111 g S-g >. .^ ^2 > t> T3 Otj ■=X! O rt 3 "> .2 & •5.5Z 10 CONTROL SERIES No. 107 C CO a w w CO a: D 5 U Pi o < o o H u w & CO i— - i— U *— i O *6 53 o * OS o 3*^ -O-d $ 9Jk9 04 OS Q:3 . o a; o 2 J. 1 J, A 1 00 03 00 OS X X (O 51 M W O rH rH - fc HH fe W3 Jo S5j rHrH fflrH do ■3 £ 3 -h O 8 o W Q ■5 w a 0 w-3!>' do 2S do ££o 3 m« w O 3 3 £ 3N 2 53 KPh IO-H r~t>s do ©01 00 (^ OS OS K3 Ph £ W'E go oqe<5 t^od 03 03 Moo «8d «.= «o O 1 I I WO Mtl do 00 00 03 Ol Oo' a o 3 >J a W o H SEED INSPECTION 11 >JEn 3 pq d o Q W « pq »■* H 03CM . Mcors .. i-l cu >-z£ Z cw = "0 bC-0 Cs Ci O: G) T- _-■ ~ ~- «NO0 WOO HN ^hQO COOO CO CM ©CM CON- ©_, s" ©N. ©00 1 1 oo© USCO ob© 00© •>* — ©us ©00 N.to ob co 00© 00 1" l i N-CM 00© — US CO© 00 00 1 1 N-O N-© CM- ©CM NOO — oo coco 00 00 ■ON 03 tO 12 usoo — CM ON. CO CM 13 1 <° 1 CM ©TJH N-US co© CO CM CM-* CO-* mus CO-* ©N. CM US O© d do dd © © do dd dd d© do usco 15 ©us OH ■ Q s ©d do do dd do — — do dd do dd N-© nn- O© ©00 ©K5 USCO us© cm-* "ON cmco ©00 tqcq 00© 00© 00 © co -r OOO us 00 ©CD tio 00 — CM CM 00 00 ©© s x'oo ©© odd ©© aid ©© ©©' ©© d© ©© N00 ©© ©'© ©© ©00 ©© ©© ©© ©d ©© -^ Jfc -fe ~Uh J&h ►J&H Jfe *a t»us "S ON « Wd s os"z Q w « « o 1 8 - H S P5.2 ■a L_, 0) 03 PQ°£ W.2 o taCO fc-; pq i Pi .us . Zo° O203 tififl & J I 3«£ "^ Z Q >H c Z O §^ S5 3 S z . « "-1 -Z -CM . /. - N Q Ph C rt ."9 03 Q t. 03 •a S.a o SB « o <" ■•f-a S.b a m O M °T3 — ,'" OJ I §1J ■a & = =° « _jj S « i||o e 3 oj tn g ~ a> O C ^-_, z^iSl ,5 Q 12 CONTROL SERIES No. 107 e o O n Q W -J < Pi H -l u 5 o < o o H u w Ph BO p— i « 0) (3 a, g £o en *- gs X 0 £ en V o £ CJ -u 03*0 t- a> a) 03 ■2a^ 0£ O I_ -m aj ^ +"1 rx ss&s ~s -B-a ^03 £T3 3 OiB^ Ph03 fe"3 — V 03 « VM * cE a"* S c 03 03 fc^- o> 03 05 03 Ol 03 03 03 Oi Oi Oi 03 03 03 03 03 o> IMOO # t-- O^ oco to-* 0001 ooo> INCO ON C005 t^."3< pq 00 do do coio 00^ 03 03 03 03 Jfe -Jli, a OO g k B E W at oj "03 Is 00 do (NO do 00 do co 00 dd I-IU-, 03 w £ 03 o'g «*& HtJ§ Q Sj Z.3-S . i vt-> o o — -H I CO — *H -"* I r- © © oo co© CNCO ©d r^.oo wt o© o© CN © ©r~ ©01 CNiri © tc © © ooo OCN ©t^ "© —ICO coco © © ©© ©■© ©00 ©© ©© ©© — »C iC o os Oi oi a ~ W i-JW -u, ^^ -^ _^ _u. __ __ t 3 m d u a* W°° pq cog oo oo £ O fc' •OtS CM o 52J.S O^'S "O^ h * c £PhPh «ti £E£ M o>*5 © t. >o o o - ^ C C c --.2 fc™ 3 0>o 8 ° o w o © rS w^i If £• s . do d~ coco r~co ©© 000 oo© oooo oooo ©CO CN — CO-t COCN co© coco OO OO OO co© -J" CO -rco fCO -rco oo oo OO •*© 000 CNCN ©11" CNCN o© OO o© ©'© ©© ©© ©© ©© ©© ©© ©© ©© ©© s<-> "go PS m-3 o H-SO W|| W Em E c« .2 3 T3« 'ii c Oh IS s-g Ph o co •8 W P «-. Q °> S 9E^ * © 2 !» Xca OJ is — ^ .2"° — o •si 5c B a 3 2 UJS g* ft° 3 L" = z? .3 .3 r*l Zee O <1> V CS-O ? eg CJ S-a « W M 5? £»3 Js *^ *J CJ +J 55 1- Mas C X 41 4) .3 CD — jo So" 1 !*s* l^'ill - § «* « ^* tu -co « S o S a 3 a; c G o" M >> 3 •3£3-cj2 cu fl 3 - a % 2 » fta3 +> fe co-— O S_ C3 ^ 14 CONTROL SERIES No. 107 0> G ^O o .a -C p ,4 w< ** a a c a 03 OS a a c « Pi PL, PmPh MJ3 "S-m .2.3 M tt bl ti c. a 1= C WW WW wo -*co 0> r-.0 do o"6 oo o o a do do s« dd doo o>o) o>o> Pfa ^W H >H O"5 ai «•« o~o "So! tfMo W M a o.s Q< o oo t~-;Tt I a> >JW & 3 §. a --a c :» "3 •a ■« o H a • a w -a o :„- z . & 3 :§ w '.a o :g X :w w • „ . • > t» :\3 rt -2 w : « S :& pj .4 o -o CO05 « wdg HZS -< -W fefc-e Mo"3 Pj « rift W i> t. H SO co 5 * «T£ Oz 5 Or" 00 90 00 JW o o Zoin £«b'3 MCI >- O^^j Wo 0) P-g-S H t-N ©© r >ro Oco !-i do CON do "5© — O do' oioi [V.N- ■X ~ Wdg ■< -W Sis §Qg w2£ HlSO w NO0 ift-* 0000 •rt© 03— Orl on co-r t^h- NO do .-< iftM Jfe I § — W tKO "J3fe c eu"0 m.2-0 « 2g C.E O m 53 *_> 3 ce fc 3 el •"■O D •° jt cp g-s m g •giSS o-2-o 3^1 as -2 § o" >SV M-d I c uCfl — -^ J3T3 5 S cy ej *^ . *> ■2 a% £_^ S & «|0 C5C5 ^00 ^00 ^Tf -*-* t) oiOT ojoj o>o> cjoj 22 oot- o>o> oooo oo oo op pp t>lci OCO ~s do COM do MCO CO-* do ICO! r^od NIC 0 oo oo oo op odo O"* op odd ooq oo oi oP odo o So o>o o>oj a>o Oi<3= o>o u iJPn PQ wjg-g caco S wis* H go*. .3^ fflp; i-4fe h4fe ^"(xi _ifa hJPH J^ i-4^ iJ^ >Jfa I 8 ^2 2 6> o a °£ *j a; 3W °aco W o a ;* .2 S T5 W K 5 03 i_. SEED INSPECTION 17 OO OO OO OO OO OS 05 ao> CiOi ao> ct> 01 OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO **-* Tfrt< Tf<"tf ■*-* ■>*•* en en en en coco COCO en en en en en en coco i-ioo cqoo C^OO CSOO -^"00 NO0 MOO WOO C-400 OO OO OO oq qco op eot-J o"3 Oto enoo encn enen oco o« Pd OO OO OO OO oo oo oo oo oo oo oo oo oo oo oo oo oo oo 2° Oo enen ooo enen o-* enen ©iO enen o« z.so O 3.2 H S 1 1 i S o o OOP 0> 0) -02 "1 o l P 1° £.8 HS s wa 3 OJ 3 c.£.o c 3 O ^ c 3 ° O 03 <£ 3 o bT M-^ „ - * --T3 •£ ■S-ooS-; N00 »Co oo o oo © © © © o>o ©© 2© ©o ©O ©© ©© ©O IN© ©o' 0>O CM 00 ©'©' -:(& Jh ,Jfe .Jfe ►Jfe tJfe hife »4fc h4fc iJfe Hlfe ►JC* u u> ' 05 eg *£ 0-03 ^►2^ J-'fc £** Og -<2"S £"S H5 ■§ 3se co*2M OjtK 5 e His C c3 H.SW CW mW •*. CO to E 6! • 03 bltt, .£ m 'e 5 03 o3 ►J 02 ■« E £3 8E 03 g In ^ - rt •sS o3 F ■s " 8W :e E : ■ 03 03 •J3 JS ' 09 03 :£ £ : . « • 05 . M . fi ■ a . 03 ■ a ..a ■J3 . « . « • W •w »E • 00 V 35 C « ,a • 13 «■ s.s P. '"3 !"S o m © a) ►^ oj t~ 55 - 03 Q _C3 © r- - C __ 0) •* &> ^J3 -£ oo (- OS ^, K F 2 3 t3 * *- E 3? h H o 05 ii ; ! 03 — a .GO CO ! E wo ,4) o! X hi w ^w E2 o3 en *> - hJE "Sa O ^S? SEED INSPECTION 19 OO OO OO OO O© O© O OO OO OO O© O© 00© »rf co* co-* co* CO-* co* _ * *•* ** ^tji co* co* co* oo oo oio ©o o© o© ^© o© ©o o© o© oicj ©o 0)00 OO) 0>0 0)0) 0)0 O O) O) 0) II III I I iOo ©O O* ON O* Cqg oP OO pOO OO) d© 062 odd odd 060 ©O ©0 OO) 0)0 0)0) Oji, Z or) 00 00 00 op 00 op 00 00 00 00 OO) 0 1-0 00 00 0)0 0)0 0)0 0)0 0)0 0)0 0)0 00 OO) OO) O 6 oz §8 o H co. CO rH * =3 0 O P ., co£ ffl Hi1-8 .5 "3~ .2 tfllM -— -3 00 -, R ° a . t cot: e P >> t. w - Oo •Jfe pfH h3fe n3fe iJfe hJ&< ^iJ&< iJfa J&t hJfe Jfe JS* O c 30 X o g < X & o o a 2; p. Oft, °* CO1* H Z° c8 c _aJ bfl S3 a d 3 3 *w MM t— 4 . .=3 £o2 OS r o roO P a± co «w JTT3 a) as Eh 20 CONTROL SERIES No. 107 O Q W w cc p. <5 PS P H - P U o < to O Z O H U w a- Cfi - I— • O to to O 0J (3 0) p £o ■3 c 61 OS 4>W O £ O T3-Q t4> c^v 0JT3 fa 02 Q~ cd ea QJ O 3 Oj pa £ "5 e iJZ 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 OSOS OS OS OSOS OS OS OS OS OS OS OS OS 00 00 00 00 00 OS OS OS OS OS OS OSOS OSOS ■*00 "*CO CO00 MOO -*00 TftOO C300 t}( 00 ■* 00 -* 00 Jfa >-afa >-afa ,jfa |Jfa iJfa 0) o or1 §. *> o,o s-' as cspq 3 £ ssfc as 33 Spq J3 "* '7; as o-2 S-h £ o o o .a as ^ a> C3 O S5Z bi o c 4) §n 4)55 coffi Ph Ph mQ btp Ph . *4> • C3 Ph ■5 & pa o. ^ - o * Ph(U p» 0Q(-' Ob- u O ' 9^ 00 J) | > SS W =- wS-s °" 02 .fc, ^fa 5 «i<03 as ^S^ gPL, K^O Oq ., eg: a^ pa H fa fa SEED INSPECTION 21 OO OO OO OO oo oo OO OO oo oo oo oo oo oo oo O O O O O O O O O O OlOi 0105 O O O O o O O o O O O O O O O O ■>j© a . 52 ON oo poo pp OS Os OS O OS OS OS o O lo Oo> oo OOl ON oo oo oo Oco om >ooo OM OO o — ooo OM ooo Oifl oo oo oo oo oo S01 oo oo oo oo oo oo O o oo oo oo oo o o oo oo oo oo oo oo oo oo nJfa ►Jfe .Jf*i (J&J _j&i Jfa i-jfe ijfc ,j'fc ►jfa _3fa Jfe JPtt >J&i 22 CONTROL SERIES No. 107 oo oo oo oo Cl Cl Cl Cl Ci Cl d Ci dd ClCl Cl c* oo oo Cl© oo oo oo WJ" Tj.t H H H H Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl moo i-hoo (noo moo hoo moo moo moo CO00 MOO o oo oo oo oo op op op oo ©d 06-* on on ■T. ~ Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl pp dio oo oo oo pp pp pp ©>o oin dco Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl oo oo oo oo pp op pp pp on on mtfi on" H HO Oh HO ho ho OQ p p on op ci o ci ci do ClCl ClO ClCl CIO o t; o o o ci o°o 8S ON CCl ©00 ©m ©Cl oo oo OO) ClO ClO ClCl ClCl ClOl ClCl 00 Cl ClO 00© Cl© ClCl ClCl ^H ^fe >-)P cc o co> u fflwo O o X «: 0 H~5 Sf§ *l &H C S c h C 41 O s * o-c rjeopH 00 MO a I*8 £-h° S f- o~ CO fc. 3 §1° c a fe o "a ci st3 SEED INSPECTION 23 ©© ©© ©© ©© ©O ©O ©O OO OO OO O © OO OO 00 "T3 3 M Q O^ OO qq o© ©os ocios © © © © q -.- ©os oo oo oo o© oo oo oo oo o"o o© OuO ©oo ©o OS© ©o ©o ©o ©o osO ©© OS© ©© ©© ©© _- __ __ __ __ _._ __ __ _■_ s o Q W • a OS s- V ? 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B ° <$° t-1 .a k am as as — . o> . as . •33M >M >tij ew 1-H « (N .2 gP ►H W ►-) •fi.2 I'd 24 CONTROL SERIES No. 107 U o :c0 "§ OO OO OO OO oo oo oc ■* "f "jiTf ■h/-* if •* ■*•* ■*■* "r-* OS OS OS OS OSOS OS OS OS OS Old OSOS oo oo do os os OS O OS OS i-iOO MOO CO00 cooo cooo OO OO pp oo OiO O Ht< OS os os Os OS ■o3oa "K ft» d [5 0 COOO COOO COOO ^00 ^00 oo o'oo OS OS OiO OCC oo oo oo op pp pp ©' *h o' "5 Op oo oo oo oo OO OH OS OS OS OS OS OS OS OS OS OS tD ON Oh OO O OCO OO ON d i-id i-h'o -h'o OCO coo oo ooo oo op pp pi-; oi^ oo OS OS OS O OS OS OS OS OS O OS OS OS O OS OS OS OS OS O ►JfL, ►jpl, iJCn ^fr ,jfn ^fe jfe £g 02 "O r 03 o go &s o as 2; °°^ ^ •gcog ,il Oh 05 ^ - rig! 55-3 O a£ <« gs«B ° »'B O ^ c O eg II 23 -* o 3 "3 9*0 5W *5W ^ s 5~ I-) w 0> OS N xi e rS e >.» "S* cj a WE is o ° w SEED INSPECTION 25 oo oo oo oo oo oo oo **** ^ *Ji ifT Tfli* -ft "1"-<00 -<00 MOO MOO OO oo oo oo oo oo OO OO oo oo OO oo oo oo OO oo oo oo go Oo OS OS OOl OS OS OlN OS Os OOO Os Os OOO Os Os ON Os Os ON OS 00 OOS OS 00 ON OS OS Oio oo oo oo oq IN T)«' o ■* CS OS OS 00 oo oo oo oq "3 N COiO O O OS OS ©IN on ©>o O I ON O 1 OO OO OiO OiM o-h qo q i-i o I oq ql qci qo qo q-* i-i d r-id i-h q od do d i-i OOO 000 OiO OOS OiO OOO 8§ OM OOS oo oo o-* ON 2-* oo OiO oo Ooo O ua OS OS OSO OOS OSCS OSCS OSCS OSO OSO OSO oo oo oo oo oo Oo oo Oo Oo i^fe ,JPl, i-Jfe ^fe h)(sc, i-ldi ,J(i, i-9 Is, i-JCl, t-Jlx, * £ 3 os" o cofci fi 9 o 2 «=.d "'ja ►2 = £ 2 .5 8 2,02 £cc £ as ~ as fi A oco ""! d JO Ok,' S5 S "Sis nz Si oo Ok' »3 o "5,2 "5 t. lO c3 .xt .3 ° £to -so .< 0,i.' 03 0 ^ Ol" 00 OiO 000 00 00 0S» OS 0 00 00 00 00 00 00 j'fr, hJIs, >J[l| iJflH so« -N S CO . s z°^ 0Z r 0Q«ft Si * CM § O-dW O £^ til* 00 j aP, 2 as aj «T3 T3"< do oog 1-1 i-t 10 O -H -H -H — 1 H 26 CONTROL SERIES No. 107 a o CO Q W C/3 - K £ H -J D A a, 3 £o £.2, -< '"'**: om >Oti< ■*© wo rt. © rH .-< do do do OiO ■~o CNCO Ol Oi OlCC csos ^00 O". Oi O>00 oooo JPH w a 5 fa c o E-fi . «i5o ^ a; x Ktsj 4> fa . $ E- gfa 8| fa g 73 2 OtoS COb- . ^j farh - i-3 6 « Q £ O ".* fe.S fi • OJrv, fa ►JPH « : g I :* Sal O aO <*, l^lfa M o P4 «_^ .Ma fcc.1- W «fa O <-" OIM o o Q H73 C CO CM al° fa o o w« . mbB,d -) 5 fc u oco O Q; T. 3«fa °Sf J 8^ - oil 5 CD c3 17 o J! _ >■ a WE i ■< 2-a ffi op £z SEED INSPECTION 27 fc. to Do o °.JS n ow faji H °-$ fafacB P>gW fa 2 s & .ffi fafaS Q S O -.- cd IN ■ cstS t-iO do ooo 00 05 05 05 izi o - t pq -o . zVo O 2 ■ ° £ ai'Z £ tfgg a> OSC5 cni*. 2° oo dod r~io o-r too ijfa a « •a fa o^ < -§ O S> .So E33 3 o fc a> 01 Q H ■3 C gs *< 53 a c T3 !- «) »a5 •Sa^ o g u lH -n 1) tH -t^ C oi 6? "S 73 73 >£ 6S r~ 0)73 t- a, £? P4C0 a CO o 03 c s V 73 03 03 55 C 0) o •V as r m -£ H ^ ^r o 73 5 c GO ~ h a i- C c O-fl P 5 .O a C ~ .a a Q u a a 03 S z "c a J3 is c3 d ►Jfc 73 go OO OO OOO OlO OlO OO "* "* ■*■* CO-* CO ■* CO-* "1"# -. ~- _. ~. T T- OI OI TT- 31 31 CO^ Nt> HN NN i-H^. 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M^OOO oinddn CNM — — core — fftJ3Va -w *i O -w j- a"& SIS S >§g sills* ^T3 5 ■»& P3 01 S m °^ — b M' . C *a T3-§_0 o-^^ "^ •3. O.O. st a .; « e.^ <^ r ■ 2-fe- 2c- aSS.3 ses.sT^S-'0 o S 3 C C - S g"S «T3"- fi£ CD.fi fir" -2 c 44 CONTROL SERIES No. 107 O Q - - < H U O O o U w =- (/: - < u E fa o 0)00 o 1*^ I" ■ l«_ g°cS "> § 0) ^£ iJfe O O - 5 ° Spa Q if ■< a Z Hi-! M « ^m *■§£ 01 icco ■*>2 t~ 00 OS OS 00 ooooo t- -h 00 CO CO oo oq 01 1~ -h ooido'cdos -t IO lO t^. o u; i od oo -j< os K-~ si 3 "3 C S'5 C C^ £ eg * BUI O o WOrtQpM CMS OS© od 5D *; M OS la I'g 03 C m 03 gs OOO^OO-, 000^007 rfi t-^ cc ■* in co 00 t^ 00 00 00 OS 00 00 O Ol O CO Ol Ol rf ,-n-H CM i-i ■-< os 01 r~ cm ■- 1 co t~ f-H t>» t^. Os os •— ' OS co >h as 00 ■*' 06 os «. . 0J^> 03 01 co.S-2 O £; -< oo ^d JH m b •a &£J -*• <3 p :§0 Ot3 « " 1 53 «> £* §£s Q . h|s Qj Mh "32 o* E c-S g-g o 4) u.Srr >— « O . o M .S 3 3 53 r "7 5T t- m r v «* .O. ■2.2-0 ■^ £ O 3 B „3> ■a" £ a> •■- t. o 3 « fflM s hJZ 00030 000 "0 oirio'oo t^t^oor^oo ^ ^ rj; — 1 00 "* •-* O TJ-' -rj< OM«)ON 22 « w£is r22 Q"S a W $ o CO m;2 o x c X « o D-Q w <" «^ fa ■jo* . -^ O *j c c-d SIS 5 3 o- t^CO >JW o K i. i POO *d >.2 o qqqp d-J"'cdd E ds* sljsi ^•— 03 Q ct >J CD-- S.S5 o 2 5 '3 '3 PhCU a a WW 1<00 ON .-Id 000 ■*'»d 00 do JW o :s Q2§ W.* d H50 cc^ „ . ^-^ w £- < > xw a 0000 qqoo >6 00 --> 16 00 00 c. c~. 00 "O ro 00 i-'d^oo 3. a2 » 22 o S 201 JW Z CD °^m Q"g - H a> o wKo SSI ^; >o2 3 o~ » oJ c-o SIS S SEED INSPECTION 47 M" 1 o >rt (N^< -So 32oSS «■> S.5:r o t«o 6d OO) t-d do «o IN 00 ejiN ►Jfc ooool-oo oqqq i qq doo'i^dodod x oo oo oo f>- t- t» ooooSoo 0000700 to 06 — ri ode>i r>- 00 os 05 r- r*- t- OOOtNMNf -h in q n. 06 00 oi —<' m 06 d >c tj< e^ — . — (N-h l-l Nocnoiooo as w in q 'O 00 to 06 r-i d >c -* ■*' •* ; i" xi St '2 o °^Z I S3 jj 3 !f «•§ : : >,f c? ofe_ Z> • is O -ST3 C 1 = eo 10 do IS ►Jfa « 6 o W.Sg H»s oj Q lm PJ"3 S S| poq i/jOu: oq oa=« 3 ffl 3 * 52 o s B 03 ° § 0" «•§ -Ht3 O g c a a = mm sZ * -t-M'j a *. 48 CONTROL SERIES No. 107 O s. Q W •s. p h 13 U c < c O H U w 0 tgo PCH 6 Z& S? 1-1 JS O) g°c3 ill c a S a v a PQM o h" £ 3 III P g a "a "o 3£ ■T5O0 HO do Hlfe O o Q W W ©pop 0(3 d t^ 00 oppp do'iod co r-; N in cqddid rnrHWOO cm' O^CO O 3 o s g o a~a-£ 22oS CO £ § 3(2 WtfHQ Co 2 £ ooo opo odd pooi>. cdr-^ -* O o Dm g W • o By c Q.-2 So KHQ do oooo ooop HNOOO t-. i-| 00 CO oddood HflM O'or T30 CO ■Sw O -u TO C C 3 >»-3 gT3 e E Oo •did KIN •Jfc O S if &V 5 oo ON coooo . ooooo t^OOt Tt-00 co oo oo t~- io oo m -h — i o ■sfc r 00 a W I « « 3 a WOKHO hJPK E* SEED INSPECTION 49 O ~C oopPp lOOOOO ^ U5«D © 06 1» t^ o" M .v-' CD 1T3PQ .2 « 3TJ3 > -ii tnCi -*0 O T) .J> pq ►a."0 6 g o s « g 00 O 0Q> 3 O 0) o P.w 03 "S 13 13 ~ -'C « m t ' oo-»"0 ■ •:t^i0t^ oot^r-t^- oooooooo t- t~ 00 00 00 t~ 00 t-- o5«5>o;d '.-: ~i 007 fc. 3 o ±x> -^ 3.,H J*s ESS oil oS in ^W "^ 03 ~ jS'cr? E _ts ft c tjZ OOOujO oqq | p oo -n oo co id t^oooot^c; ooooo oqqpq O U3 t2 O iO hCNWO ■* N CM* "5 ■-< i-iW-i ; oo "i* "o 06 OO S3 W -u co £ c q22 131 £^3 CO pJ3 EH H 52oSS CT3 £12 g ooo •oco i-I© i-< CO Tt i iq tBNOS "-•co co J" O.Xiw'& O -g 4> a) tfHFQ oo "ooo WIN CON ©'©■ 5 o u (- O 3 2"8-o 7 Q)^ co w-o fact- O v . o£3 UOCNI I 3 ,Oc«« ■*co do Jfa g d ^" 03 ££ 3? S 03 a> v o SEED INSPECTION 51 1^ T— 1.1 q ± 1 I L 1 ■ O CO h~ CN CO O 00 1>. 00 t^ O 00 oooooooo qqpqoopq I d«J6d6do«) ' r~00C5C5O>C75O00 q I ONoN-iin ■* ' "5 oi r-i i- id oo' •-* -l-H C«3 000"00©>OiO qqoqqoqcsqq id -)■ cd ■*' d d ■*' -i* .5 to .ss^^-cia, OOl -h'6 or- 00'* OS ooo — I© •a a « £g§ P.3 oo uj ►Jfci sojoooo a> ***** •->o 3 O a ® s J3P v o.S o >>" ° M(UHbH«OQ ■* * ts * * Eg « o E CU C j* Sf.2 -m a 5 e © tl.5 3 c "S-2fe -I^-a"0 O o-o t, ? 3 o .5 >>a §•« o.-S-- J> s a t- _. "- n a » 3-5-e "o g 2 ■31 « S c £.2cfeE a a a^r* MM 3mH -0+- cjj* * 52 CONTROL SERIES No. 107 1940 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES Germi- Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Wholesaler's nation Month Lab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, Germination Found of Test No. and Place Collected % Date % 1940 ASPARAGUS Standard Germination 70% EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass. 200 Mary Washington, No. 16010 70 2/1940 JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 1058 Mary Washington Frank Howard, Inc., Pittsfield BEANS Standard Germinations Beans (Except Limas) 80% Beans (Limas) 70% ASSOCIATED SEED GROWERS, INC., Cambridge, N. Y. 971 Kentucky Wonder , 85 3/1939 Checkerboard Feed Store, Greenfield ASSOCIATED SEED GROWERS, INC., New Haven, Conn. 255F Bountiful, No. 9090 85 9/1939 W. G. Pearse & Co., Fall River W. E. AUBUCHON CO., INC., Fitchburg, Mass. 778 Burpee's Stringless Green Pod W. E. Aubuchon Co., Inc., Marlboro BARTLETT & DOW CO., Lowell, Mass. 902F Brazilian Butter JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 46F Henderson's Bush Lima, No. 0320 47F Dwarf Horticultural, No. 0263 798 Stringless Green Pod S. C. M. Packard & Co., Wareham 917 Bush Wax Improved Rust Proof J. R. Hughes, Inc., Lynn BROWNELL HARDWARE CO., Attleboro, Mass. 415 Burpee's Stringless COBURN SEED & SUPPLY CO., Chelmsford, Mass. 1117 Bountiful, No. 2940 COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 306F Bountiful Jerry's Hardware, New Bedford 434 Horticultural Bush Wm. F. Flynn & Co., Attleboro 534F Improved Golden Wax Franklin Hardware Co., North Attleboro 804 Tendergreen Harvey's Hardware Store, Falmouth EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass. IF Stringless Valentine, No. 318 90 12/1939 2F Geneva Red Kidney, No. 10819 85 12/1939 970 Stringless Tendergreen, No. 2c 1 11 1 85 12/1939 Greenfield Farmer's Co-operative Exchange, Greenfield THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 81F Bountiful 515 Kentucky Wonder Wax Norwood Hardware & Supply Co., Norwood 70 85 97 91 90 96 82 June June July June July July 97 June 96 June 94 July July 92 July 98 July 94 June 96 June 88 July 96 July 95 June 83 June 88 July 95 June 90 July SEED INSPECTION 53 1940 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES— Continued Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Wholesaler's Lab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, Germination No. and Place Collected % Date Germi- nation Found % Month of Test 1940 BEANS — Continued THOMAS W. EMERSON CO.— Continued 529 Pencil Pod Black Wax J. William Gove, Inc., Foxboro 812 Burpee Green Pod Charles T. Eastman, Hardware, Falmouth FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 467F Bountiful Six Weeks Allen Hardware Co., Needham FILER SEED CO., Blackfoot, Idaho 265F Surecrop, No. 1316 94 12/1939 Jose J. d'Arruda, Fall River FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. Approx. 452F Surecrop Wax 95 Approx. 466 Bountiful 90 G. W. GARDINER & SONS, Fall River, Mass. 123F Burpee's Stringless Green Pod THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 68F Bountiful JOSEPH HARRIS SEED CO., Rochester, N. Y. 356F Stringless Black Valentine, No. 2166 99 Joseph Harris Seed Co., Cambridge CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 228F Burpee's Stringless Green Pod 90 Pierce Hardware Co., Taunton 332F Golden Wax 90 Plymouth Supply Co., Plymouth 351 Surecrop Wax 90 Saunders Hardware & Paint Co., Middleboro 614 Worcester Horticultural Waite Hardware Co., Worcester LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 229F Golden Wax 80 12/1939 Weir Grain Co., Taunton D. LANDRETH SEED CO., Bristol, Pa. 336F French Horticultural 90 1/1940 Phillips, Bates & Co., Hanover 478F Landreth's Stringless Green Pod, No. 3915 Elwood Adams, Inc., Worcester 725 Golden Wax Westwood Hardware & Supply Co., Westwood 745 Landreth's Top Notch Golden Wax Goodman Hardware Co., Framingham MICHAEL-LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago, 111. 1094 Webber Wax or Cracker Jack Wax The Mutual Plumbing & Heating Co., Amherst 1138 Bountiful 90 12/1939 United Farmer's Co-operative, Fitchburg JOSEPH W. NICKLAS, New Bedford, Mass. 400F Burpee's Stringless Green Pod 96 85 87 50t July July July June 1/1940 96 June 1/1940 96 June 94 June 93 June 99 June 12/1939 96 June 1/1940 86 July 1/1940 99 June 83 July June 88 June 94 July 85 July 80 July 91 July 98 July July tBelow Standard and below guarantee. 54 CONTROL SERIES No. 107 1940 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES— Continued Germi- Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Wholesaler's nation Month Lab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, Germination Found of Test No. and Place Collected % Date % 1940 BEANS— Concluded THE PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. 354F Improved Goddard 92 J. H. Fairbanks Co., Bridgewater 608 Pencil Pod Black Wax Stone Hardware Co., Brockton 1030 Golden Wax R. F. Burke, Williamsburg PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 21F Bountiful, No. 369- W 96 22F French Horticultural, No. 626 43 Perry's Wonderful, No. 580 JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 573 Improved Golden Wax Leonard N. Jaques & Sons, Milford 1060 Giant Stringless Green Pod Frank Howard, Inc., Pittsfield ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 480F Pencil Pod Black Wax, Lot No. 5 481F French Dwarf Horticultural, No. 62 986 Giant Green Pod C. W. Robinson, Brimfield SARGENT'S GRAIN & SUPPLY CO., Brockton, Mass. 697 Lowe's Champion JOSEPH SORDILLO & SONS, Boston, Mass. 292F Italian Special Shell THORNTON & CROUCH, Lawrence, Mass. 838 Pencil Pod Black Wax F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 339F Bountiful Farm Service Co., Middleboro 375F French Horticultural 95 Middlesex County Farm Bureau, Waltham 726 Pencil Pod Black Wax Arthur E. Wills, Medfield 770 Red Kidney A. C. Lamson, Inc., Marlboro S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS, Orange, Conn. Approx. 419F Improved Golden Wax, No. 1996 70 Monroe's Seed Market, Attleboro 750 Bountiful, No. 1999 90 Van Duzer Hardware Co., Framingham 885 Surecrop Palm Grain Co., Lowell 1940 91 June 95 July 89 July 1/1940 93 June 89 June 91 June 71t July 93 July 94 July 89 July 76t July 90 July 91 June 95 July 95 June 1/1940 90 July 96 July 60f(c) July 1/1940 ist July 1/1940 67t July 93 July t Below Standard, (c) Wholesaler claims and retailer admits this seed not purchased "during thejeurrent season. t Below Standard and below guarantee. SEED INSPECTION 55 1940 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES— Continued Germi- Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Wholesaler's nation Month Lab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, Germination Found of Test No. and Place Collected % Date % 1940 BEETS Standard Germination 65% ASSOCIATED SEED GROWERS, INC., New Haven, Conn. 261F Detroit Dark Red, No. 78545 70 10/1939 W. G. Pearse & Co., Fall River JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 48F Early Wonder, No. 0116 COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 307F Early Wonder Jerry's Hardware, New Bedford 320F Detroit Dark Red A. E. Wordell, New Bedford 1000 Edmond's Early Turnip J. L. Nason, Westboro EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass. 3F Crosby's Early Wonder, No. 718 90 12/1939 THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 82F Crosby's Egyptian 731 Edmond's Blood W. K. Gihnore & Sons, Medfield 810 Detroit Dark Red Charles T. Eastman, Hardware, Falmouth FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 248F Detroit Dark Red Manuel B. Benevideo & Son, Fall River FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. Appro*. 454F Boston Crosby 75 1/1940 G. W. GARDINER & SONS, FALL RIVER 125F Early Wonder 126F Crosby's Egyptian THE GOOD SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 393F Early Blood Union St. School, Middleboro THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 69F Crosby's Egyptian JOSEPH HARRIS SEED CO., Rochester, N. Y. 363F Crosby's Egyptian (Harris' Special Strain, No. 431) 84 1940 Joseph Harris Seed Co., Cambridge CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 217F Early Wonder 82 12/1939 Pierce Hardware Co., Taunton HYGRADE SEED CO., INC., Fredonia, N. Y. 383F Detroit Dark Red Union St. School, Middleboro D. LANDRETH SEED CO., Bristol, Pa. 338F Crosby's Egyptian Phillips, Bates & Co., Hanover 477 Detroit Dark Red #3941 Elwood Adams, Inc., Worcester 70 May 84 May 88 May 79 May 68 May May 78 May 77 May 52t(c) May 79 May 84 86 80 85 May May May May 72 May 79 May 76 May 84 May 78 May 85 May t Below Standard. (c) Wholesaler claims and retailer admits this seed not purchased during the current season. 56 CONTROL SERIES No. 107 1940 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES— Continued Germi- Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Wholesaler's nation Month Lab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, Germination Found of Test No. and Place Collected % Date % 1940 BEETS— Concluded MICHAEL-LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago, 111. 502F Detroit Dark Red W. E. Aubuchon Co., Inc., Worcester 719 Early Egyptian W. E. Aubuchon Co., Inc., Worcester JOSEPH W. NICKLAS, New Bedford, Mass. 406F Detroit Dark Red NORTHRUP, KING & CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 217F Early Wonder or Crosby's Egyptian F. W. Woolworth Co., Boston THE PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. 1029 Early Blood Turnip R. F. Burke, Williamsburg PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 23F Detroit Dark Red, No. 1176 ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 482F Early Wonder, No. 125 999 Crosby's Early Egyptian Everett I. Swan, Westboro F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 342F Early Wonder, No. 1-157 Farm Service Co., Middleboro 382F Crosby's Egyptian 68 1/1940 Middlesex County Farm Bureau, Waltham 769 Detroit Dark Red A. E. Lamson, Inc., Marlboro S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS, Orange, Conn. Approx. 420F Detroit Dark Red, No. 1732 70 1/1940 Monroe's Seed Market, Attleboro 859 Early Wonder, No. 1731 75 1/1940 Herman F. Davis, Merrimac ZWAAN VAN DER MOLEN, Voorburg, Holland 275F Early Wonder Jose J. d'Arruda, Fall River BROCCOLI Standard Germination 75% ASSOCIATED SEED GROWERS, INC., Cambridge, N. Y. 1079 Calabrese 85 4/1940 Checkerboard Feed Store, Pittsfield JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 49F Italian Green Sprouting, No. 0125 COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 317F Italian Green Sprouting A. E. Wordell, New Bedford EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass. 4F Calabrese, No. 4 A 13717 (Green Sprouting) 80 12/1939 THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 83F Green Sprouting D. LANDRETH SEED CO., Bristol, Pa. 1151 Italian or Early Green Calabrese II. Newell & Co., Shelburne Falls 81 May 68 May 82 May 72 May 93 May 78 May 72 May 72 May 89 May 68 May 83 May 74 May 76 May May 87 July 83 July 77 July 54 t July 85 July 80 July t Below Standard and below guarantee, SEED INSPECTION &_ 1940 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS-Continued VEGETABLES — Continued " Germi- Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Wholesaler's nation Month Lab. ^der When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, GermmaUon Found of Test No. and Place Collected /c ^dxe ™ BROCCOLI— Concluded MICHAEL-LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago, 111. 663 Italian Green Sprouting 80 J/194U 5,i y Pierce Hardware Co., Taunton JOSEPH SORDILLO & SONS, Boston 92 July 296F Calabrese THORNTON & CROUCH, Lawrence, Mass. gg Ju[y 839 Calabrese F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. g2 j , 675 Calabrese, Green Sprouting . . . J. O. Neill Supply Co., Fall River ZWAAN VAN DER MOLEN, Voorburg, Holland gg j 274F Italian Green Sprouting Jose J. d'Arruda, Fall River BRUSSELS SPROUTS Standard Germination 70% EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass. 204 Long Island Improved, No. 1010 .„ ... ■■■■ 90 1-/1939 90 July Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Waltham LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 10/1939 sot May 325 **Brussel Sprouts • 6o 12/1939 Ml maj Bliss Hardware Co., Plymouth CABBAGE Standard Germination 75% ASSOCIATED SEED GROWERS, INC., New Haven, Conn 258F Golden Acre, No. 78231...... 8° 8/1J*» 8o JU'J W. G. Pearse & Co., Fall River BARTLETT & DOW CO., Lowell, Mass. g? June 904 Mammoth Red Rock JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston Mass. 66F Danish Ballhead, Tall Stem, No. 0131 y9 Jmy 562 Early Jersey Wakefield . . • • • • • ■ • • • • • Franklin Hardware & Plumbing Supply Co., franklin 79 July 866 Early Jersey Wakefield ........ • Farmer's Feed & Supply Co., Amesbury BROWNELL HARDWARE CO., Attleboro, Mass. June 413 Warren Stone Mason W. ATLEE BURPEE CO., Philadelphia, Pa. g? Ju[y 242F Copenhagen Trading Post, Somerset COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. gg j 316F Copenhagen Market A. E. Wordell, New Bedford EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield Mass. 5F Short Stem Ballhead, No. 410 90 12/1939 89 July THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. g5 June 84F Copenhagen Market ** Variety required by law. t Below Standard and below guarantee. t Below Standard. 58 CONTROL SERIES No. 107 1940 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES— Continued Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Wholesaler's Lab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, Germination No. and Place Collected % Date Germi- nation Found % CABBAGE— Continued THOMAS W. EMERSON CO.— Continued 995 Danish Ballhead Farm & Garden Supply Co., Uxbridge 1026 Early Jersey Wakefield E. J. O'Donnell Grain Co., Florence FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 424F Copenhagen Market Monroe's Seed Market, Attleboro FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. Approx. 459 Danish Ballhead 90 1/1940 G. W. GARDINER & SONS, Fall River, Mass. 127F Copenhagen Market THE GOOD SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 334F Danish Ballhead Elmwood School, East Bridgewater J. J. H. GREGORY & SON, Marblehead, Mass. 910 Copenhagen Market THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 70F Golden Acre CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 224F Golden Acre 86 12/1939 Pierce Hardware Co., Taunton 617 Danish Ballhead Waite Hardware Co., Worcester 1182 Copenhagen Market 90 1/1940 F. H. Turner & Co., Great Barrington LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 251F Early Jersey Wakefield 75 12/1939 Manuel B. Benevideo & Son, Fall River H. V. LAWRENCE, Falmouth, Mass. 816 Golden Acre LINCOLN SQUARE PAINT & HARDWARE CO., Worceeter, Mass. 476 Selected Early Jersey Wakefield, No. 3852 Elwood Adams, Inc., Worcester MICHAEL-LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago, 111. 522 Improved American Savoy Schofield Hardware Co., North Attleboro NORTHRUP, KING & CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 198F Early Jersey Wakefield F. W. Woolworth Co., Boston PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 24F Golden Acre, No. 1804 ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 487 Copenhagen Market, No. 130 998 Premium Flat Dutch Everett I. Swan, Westboro SARGENT'S GRAIN & SUPPLY CO., Brockton, Mass. 693 Early Jersey Wakefield J. B. VARICK CO., Manchester, N. H. 871 Golden Acre L. L. Peavey, Inc., Newburyport 79 96 90 84 91 91 75 90 84 75 89 87 88 59t 84 75 85 Month of Test 1940 July July July July July July July July July July July May July July July June July 90 June 76 July 77 July 73f August t Below Standard. SEED INSPECTION 59 1940 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS-Continued VEGETABLES — Continued Wholesale Distributor, Rind .of Seed and Variety, Lab Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, No and Place Collected Wholesaler's Germination % Date Germi- nation Found % Month of Test 1940 CABBAGE— Concluded F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 1032 Danish Ballhead ■■■•■•■ ■■■■ ■ • -.-, Peirson Hardware Co., Pittsfield 343F Golden Acre ■■■■■■■ ■■■■,■,: v Farm Service Co., Middleboro S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS, Orange, Conn. Approx. 425F Golden Acre, No. 1744 ..•••••• 70 W««» Monroe's Seed Market, Attleboro 636 Danish Ballhead . . ... • • Waskiewicz Bros., Hadley ZWAAN VAN DER MOLEN, Voorburg, Holland 270F Golden Acre ■•■••••• • : Jose J. d'Arruda, Fall River CARROTS Standard Germination 55% ASSOCIATED SEED GROWERS, INC., New Haven, Conn 262F Dan vers Half Long, No. 87028 67 8/1939 W. G. Pearse & Co., Fall River JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 51F Chantenay, No. 0120 797 Danvers Half Long ■ •■•••• • • • • • • S. C. M. Packard & Co., Wareham BROWNELL HARDWARE CO., Attleboro, Mass. 414 Danvers Half Long W. ATLEE BURPEE CO., Philadelphia, Pa. 241F Chantenay Trading Post, Somerset COBURN SEED & SUPPLY CO., Chelmsford, Mass. 1119 Hutchinson, No. 3061 COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 309F Long Orange . . • • • • • • • • Jerry's Hardware, New Bedford 321F Danvers Half Long ■ • • • A. E. Wordell, New Bedford 807 Hutchinson • ■ ■ • • • ■ • • • • • • • Harvey's Hardware Store, Falmouth EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass. 8F Danvers (Red Cored), No. 618 ob THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 86F Hutchinson 513 Danvers Half Long ........... • • • • ■ • ■ • • ■ Norwood Hardware & Supply Co., Norwood FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 1141 Hutchinson. . . ■ . ••• ••• ■ •• • •••• ■ Deerfield Hardware Co., South Deerneld FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. APP£ox- 1/1040 455F Danvers Half Long 7U v< iyw 60f(c) June 88 July 91 June 37f August 92 July 56 § June 55 June 55 June 67 June 82 June 70 June 63 June 85 June 69 June 53t June 77 June 51t(0 July 65 June June (c) WhoL^cMms and retailer admits this seed not purchased during the current season. § Above Standard but below guarantee. 60 CONTROL SERIES No. 107 1940 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES— Continued Germi- Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Wholesaler's nation Month Lab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, Germination Found of Test No. and Place Collected % Date % 1940 June June June 68 June 66 July 80 June 66 June CARROTS— Concluded G. W. GARDINER & SONS, Fall River, Mass. 128F Danvers Half Long 69 129F Chantenay 60 THE GOOD SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 395F Long Orange 68 Union St. School, Middleboro THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 71F Hutchinson JOSEPH HARRIS SEED CO., Rochester, N. Y. 370F Hutchinson, No. 477 72 1940 Joseph Harris Seed Co., Cambridge CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 517F Orange, Half Long Danvers or Rubicon 76 2/1940 Central Hardware Co., Norwood 615F Danvers Long Orange Waite's Hardware Co., Worcester HYGRADE SEED CO., INC., Fredonia, N. Y. 384F Red Cored Chantenay 58 June Union St. School, Middleboro D. LANDRETH SEED CO., Bristol, Pa. 470F Danvers Half Long or Rubicon, No. 3964 65 June Elwood Adams, Inc., Worcester 713 Hutchinson 55 June Wm. H. Casey, Inc., Milford MICHAEL-LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago, 111. 501F Chantenay 31f July W. E. Aubuchon Co., Inc., Worcester JOSEPH W. NICKLAS, New Bedford, Mass. 403 Rice's Coreless THE PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. 1028 Danvers Half Long R. F. Burke, Williamsburg PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 25F Chantenay, No. 2059 J. B. RICE, JR., INC., Shushan, N. Y. 612F Danvers Half Long 60 or 9/1939 Costello's, Inc., Worcester better ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 483F Danvers Half Long, No. 126 F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 145F Chantenay Sanford Hardware Co., Fall River 381F Hutchinson, No. 1-6172 67 1/1940 Middlesex County Farm Bureau, Waltham S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS, Orange, Conn. 421F Danvers Half Long, No. 2015 67 1/1940 68 June Monroe's Seed Market, Attleboro Approx. 638F True Hutchinson, No. 2055 80 1/1940 82 June Waskiewicz Bros. Hadley 765 Chantenay, No. 1734 67 1/1940 61 June Marlboro Hardware & Plumbing Co., Marlboro 83 June 69 June 70 June 65 June 80 June 61 June 70 June t Below Standard. SEED INSPECTION 61 1940 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES— Continued Germi- Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Wholesaler's nation Month Lab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, Germination Found of Test No. and Place ColJected % Date % 1940 CAULIFLOWER Standard Germination 75% EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass. 6F Super Snowball (Ea. Forcing), No. 5118 80 12/1939 77 July JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 50F White Bouquet, No. 7000 86 July W. ATLEE BURPEE CO., Philadelphia, Pa. 244F Snowball 85 June Trading Post, Somerset CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 219F Early Snowball 91 12/1939 74J July Pierce Hardware Co., Taunton LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 677 Snowball 75 1939 58J August Berzin Market, Bridgewater D. LANDRETH SEED CO., Bristol, Pa. 880 Early Snowball 84 July Frank P. Mills, Campello JOSEPH SORDILLO & SONS, Boston, Mass. 291F Snowball 84 June F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 674 Snowball 76 June J. O. Neill Supply Co., Fall River CELERY Standard Germination 55% JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 563 Giant Pascal 55(c) May Franklin Hardware & Plumbing Supply Co., Franklin COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 310F Boston Market 67 April Ricard Grain Co., New Bedford EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass. 7F Golden Plume Jersey, No. 3010 75 12/1939 78 May 210 Pascal (Cal. Strain), No. 19 C 1625 70 12/1939 59§ June Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Waltham THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 85F Golden Plume 69 April CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 225F New Giant Pascal 79 12/1939 58§ April Pierce Hardware Co., Taunton LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 654 Golden Hearted Self Blanching 55 1939 79 May Larry's Lunch, Bridgewater D. LANDRETH SEED CO., Bristol, Pa. 711 Giant Pascal 58 May Wm. H. Casey, Inc., Milford PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 30F Pascal F 58 April 42 Giant Pascal Special, No. 2326 71 April THORNTON & CROUCH, Lawrence, Mass. 836 Giant Pascal 72 May t Below Standard and below guarantee, (c) Wholesaler claims this seed not purchased during the current season. § Above Standard but below guarantee. 62 CONTROL SERIES No. 107 1940 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES— Continued Germi- Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Wholesaler's nation Month Lab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, Germination Found of Test No. and Place Collected % Date % 1940 CHICORY Standard Germination 65% JOSEPH SORDILLO & SONS, Boston, Mass. 290 Plain Leaf CORN Standard Germination 75% ASSOCIATED SEED GROWERS, INC., New Haven, Conn. 254F Whipple's Early Yellow, No. 36042 90 12/1939 W. G. Pearse & Co., Fall River ASSOCIATED SEED GROWERS, INC., Cambridge, N. Y. 864 Golden Bantam 90 12/1939 Checkerboard Feed Store, Amesbury 974 Golden Cross Bantam Hybrid 90 12/1939 Checkerboard Feed Store, Greenfield BARTLETT & DOW CO., Lowell, Mass. 905 Golden Giant JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 52F Golden Sunshine, No. 0288 155F Breck's Mass. Golden Bantam, No. 0253 565 Whipple's Early Yellow Franklin Hardware & Plumbing Supply Co., Franklin COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 266F Bantam Evergreen 91 1/1940 Jose J. d'Arruda, Fall River 315F Golden Hummer A. E. Wordell, New Bedford 805 Golden Gem Harvey's Hardware Store, Falmouth EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass. 9F Golden Cross Bantam, No. 14510 95 12/1939 THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 87F Kingscrost 571 Golden Sunrise A. J. Cataldo Sons, Franklin 1 195 Golden Bantam Phelan Hardware Co., Lee FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 249F Whipple's Yellow Manuel B. Benevideo & Son, Fall River FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. Approx. 453 Golden Cross Bantam 90 1/1940 G. W. GARDINER & SONS, Fall River, Mass. 130F Whipple's Yellow THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 72F Golden Sunshine JOSEPH HARRIS SEED CO., Rochester, N. Y. 357F Seneca "60," No. 1214 99 Joseph Harris Seed Co., Cambridge 361F Early Bancross 39, No. 1190 99 1940 Joseph Harris Seed Co., Cambridge (17 95 96 97 86 98 97 93 96 98 July June June June June 95 June 98 June 94 June 99 June 98 June 97 June June June June June June 91 June 98 June 96 June 99 June 99 June SEED INSPECTION 63 1940 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES— Continued Germi- Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Wholesaler's nation Month Lab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, Germination Found of Test No. and Place Collected % Date % 1940 CORN— Concluded CHARLES C. HART SEED OO., Wethersfield, Conn. 226F Golden Hummer 90 Pierce Hardware Co., Taunton 331F Golden Giant 90 Plymouth Supply Co., Plymouth 729 Whipple's Yellow W. K. Gilmore & Sons, Medfield 1044 Early Golden Bantam Berkshire Hardware Co., Pittsfield D. LANDRETH SEED CO., Bristol, Pa. 337F Golden Bantam Phillips, Bates & Co., Hanover 784 Bantam Evergreen, No. 490 86 United Co-operative Society, Maynard MICHAEL-LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago, III. 524 Golden Bantam 87 Schofield Hardware Co., North Attleboro JOSEPH W. NICKLAS, New Bedford, Mass. 405F Early Bancross THE PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. 355F Bantam Evergreen 95 J. H. Fairbanks Co., Bridgewater 609 Golden Bantam Stone Hardware Co., Brockton 872 Whipple's Early Yellow Knight Grain Co., Newburyport 1172 Golden Evergreen The Clifford Hardware Co., Lenox PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 26F Sencross Hybrid, No. 2611 ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Maas. 495 Golden Bantam, No. 28 WHITNEY ECKSTEIN SEED CO., Buffalo, N. Y. 827 Golden Bantam, No. 7211 95 H. K. Webster Co., Lawrence F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 340F Marcross Farm Service Co., Middleboro 376F Golden Cross Bantam, No. 12969 Middlesex County Farm Bureau, Waltham 1179 Golden Early Market, No. 13523 Piatt & Goslee, Great Barrington S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS, Orange, Conn. Approx. 418F Bantam Evergreen, No. 1797 87 Monroe's Seed Market, Attleboro 767 Golden Giant, No. 1809 R Marlboro Hardware & Plumbing Co., Marlboro 857 Whipple's Early Yellow, No. 1980 90 Herman F. Davis, Merrimac 1/1940 89 June 1/1940 92 June 89 June 93 June 95 June 2/1940 95 June .2/1939 96 June 98 June 1940 91 Jump 54t(c) June 92 June 95 June 91 June 97 June 1/1940 98 June 96 June 97 June 94 June 1/1940 92 June 97 June 1/1940 95 June t Below Standard, (c) Wholesaler claims this seed not purchased during the current season . 64 CONTROL SERIES No. 107 1940 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued V EGETABLES— Continued Germi- Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Wholesaler's nation Month Lab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, Germination Found of Test No. and Place Collected % Date % 1940 87 July 90 July 96 July 72t August 90 86 94 98 July July July July CUCUMBER Standard Germination 80% ASSOCIATED SEED GROWERS, INC., New Haven, Conn. 263F A & C, No. 70205 80 10/1939 80 July W. G. Pearse & Co., Fall River JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 53F Davis Perfect, No. 0143 1112 White Spine Conant & Co., Littleton, Mass. BROWNELL HARDWARE CO., Attleboro, Mass. 412 Davis Perfect COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 535 Improved White Spine Franklin Hardware Co., North Attleboro EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass. 10F Straight 8, No. 610 85 12/1939 THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 88F Davis Perfect 514 White Spine Norwood Hardware & Supply Co., Norwood FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 1142 Chicago Pickling Westerfield Deerfield Hardware Co., South Deerfield G. W. GARDINER & SONS, Fall River, Mass. 131F Early Fortune THE GOOD SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 396 White Spine Union St. School, Middleboro THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 73F Woodruff 's Hybrid 90 12/1939 CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 616 Davis Perfect Waite Hardware Co., Worcester 1046 Improved Long Green Berkshire Hardware Co., Pittsfield LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 918 Improved Long Green 80 12/1939 North Shore Hardware & Paint Co., Lynn D. LANDRETH SEED CO., Bristol, Pa. 474 Davis Perfect, No. 3792 Elwood Adams, Inc., Worcester MICHAEL-LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago, 111. 273F Leonard's Special Dark Green Jose J. d'Arruda, Fall River 718 Early Improved White Spine W. E. Aubuchon Co., Inc., Holliston PARAMOUNT SEED CO., Stockton, Calif. 267F A & C or Colorado 92 94 July Jose J. d'Arruda, Fall River PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 27F Perry's Perfection, No. 2986 98 July 86 July 97 July 85 July 95 July 87 July m August 87 July 95 July 95 July t Below Standard. % Below Standard and below guarantee. SEED INSPECTION 65 1940 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES— Continued Germi- Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Wholesaler's nation Month Lab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, Germination Found of Test No. and Place Collected % Date % 1940 CUCUMBER— Concluded JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 605 Davis Perfect Shurtleff Hardware Co., Middleboro ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 488 Long Green, No. 131 F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 144F Ace 92 Sanford Hardware Co., Fall River 1085 Boston Pickling Pittsfield Hardware & Plumbing Supply Co., Pittsfield S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS, Orange, Conn. Appro*. 422 White Spine, No. 1313 90 Monroe's Seed Market, Attleboro 884 Woodruff Ace or Long Green, No. 1551 90 Palm Grain Co., Lowell 76f July 95 July [1/1939 80 § July 97 July 1/1940 93 July 1/1940 90 July GARDEN CRESS Standard Germination 40% LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 701 Curled or Pepper Grass 75 12/1939 J. A. Belanger, Islington F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 1034 Fine Curled Peirson Hardware Co., Pittsfield DANDELION Standard Germination 45% THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 568 Thick Leaf A. J. Cataldo Sons, Franklin D. LANDRETH SEED CO., Bristol, Pa. 712 Improved Thick Leaf Wm. H. Casey, Inc., Milford JOSEPH SORDILLO & SONS, Boston, Mass. 294 Thick Leaf F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 846 French Common Cultivated D. J. Mahoney, Bradford EGGPLANT Standard Germination 60% EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass. 203 Black Beauty, No. 2018 90 12/1939 THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 102 N. Y. Improved LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 906 Early Large Purple 60 12/1939 T. A. Whelan, Lowell 39J August 0t(c) August 0t May 7t May 69 April 0|(c) May 91 May 74 May 44$ June t Below Standard. I Above Standard but below guarantee. J Below Standard and below guarantee, (c) Wholesaler claims and retailer admits this seed not purchased during the current season. 66 CONTROL SERIES No. 107 1940 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES— Continued Germi- Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Wholesaler's nation Month Lab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, Germination Found of Test No. and Place Collected % Date % 1940 EGGPLANT— Concluded PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 28 N. Y. Improved, No. 3089 ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 496 N. Y. Improved, No. 137 ENDIVE Standard Germination 70% JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 328 Green Curled John E. Jordon Co., Plymouth COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield. Conn. 314 Broad Leaved Bavarian A. E. Wordell, New Bedford EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass. 206 Green Curled Ruffec, No. 718 85 12/1939 LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 982 Green Curled 70 12/1939 H. C. Maddox, Brimfield MICHAEL-LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago, 111. 504 Broad Leaved Batavian W. E. Aubuchon Co., Inc., Worcester KALE Standard Germination 75% EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass. 211 Blue Scotch, No. 17 A 13717 74 12/1939 Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Waltham JERONIMO PEREIRA, Lisbon, Portugal 927 Couve Pencuda, espanhola grande A. Camara, New Bedford KOHLRABI Standard Germination 75% LAKE SHORE SEED CO., Dunkirk, N. Y. 907 Early White Vienna 75 12/1939 T. A. Whelan, Lowell F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 847 Early White Vienna LEEK Standard Germination 60% PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 45 Monstrous Carentan, No. 3280 F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 1033 American Flag Peirson Hardware Co., Pittsfield 79 May 84 May 90 97 79 84 76 June June June June June July July 58J July July 78 June 0t(c) July ? Below Standard and below guarantee. Below Standard. . (c) Wholesaler claims and retailer admits this seed not purchased during the current season SEED INSPECTION 67 1940 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES— Continued Germi- Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Wholesaler's nation Month Lab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, Germination Found of Test No. and Place Collected % Date % 1940 LETTUCE Standard Germination 80% ASSOCIATED SEED GROWERS, INC., New Haven, Conn. 260F N. Y. Wonderful, No. 58885 90 7/1939 W. G. Pearse & Co., Fall River BARTLETT & DOW CO., Lowell, Mass. 903 Iceberg JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 54F Black Seeded Tennisball, No. 9029 329 Big Boston John E. Jordon Co., Plymouth BROWNELL HARDWARE CO., Attleboro, Mass 411 Iceberg W. ATLEE BURPEE CO., Philadelphia, Pa. 243F Black Seeded Simpson Trading Post, Somerset COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 313F Grand Rapid Ricard Grain Co., New Bedford 429 Boston Market Wm. F. Flynn & Co., Attleboro 545 Simpson's Early Curled Mansfield Lumber Co., Mansfield EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass. 11F N. Y. #12, No. 718 95 12/1939 199 N. Y. #515, No. 20 B 5717 85 12/1939 Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Waltham THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 89F Imperial, No. 44 512 Big Boston Norwood Hardware & Supply Co., Norwood 527 Prize Head J. Wm. Gove Co., Inc., Foxboro 569 Black Seeded Tennisball A. J. Cataldo Sons, Franklin 1 194 Iceberg Phelan Hardware Co., Lee FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 247F N. Y. #12 Manuel B. Benevideo & Son, Fall River FOSTER FARRAR CO., Northampton, Mass. 1021 Imperial 847 FRASER'S, Welleslev, Mass. Approx. 460 Iceberg— Improved Strain 85 1/1940 G. W. GARDINER & SONS, Fall River, Mass. 132F N. Y. #12 THE GOOD SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 394 Black Seeded Simpson Union St. School, Middleboro 89 April 97 May 77t April 87 April 51 1 April 95 April 76 1 April 87 April 50t(c) May 95 April 85 April 100 April 88 April lt(c) April 81 April 97 June 50f(c) April 97 June 81 April 93 April 97 April t Below Standard, (c) Wholesaler claims and retailer admits this seed not purchased during the current season. 68 CONTROL SERIES No. 107 1940 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES — Continued Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Lab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, No and Place Collected Wholesaler's Germination % Date Germi- nation Found % Month of Test 1940 LETTUCE— Continued J. J. H. GREGORY & SON, Marblehead, Mass. 913 N. Y. #12 J/ May THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 74F May King 91 W19.J9 ^ APru CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. . ., 220F N. Y. #12 90 12/1939 89 April Pierce Hardware Co., Taunton 1041 Big Boston • 72t(c) JunC Berkshire Hardware Co., Pittsfield 1067 Hanson Improved 0+(c) June Carr Hardware Co., Pittsfield BUDD D. HAWKINS, Reading, Vt. 984 Earlv Prize-head 8b JUne "H. C. Maddox, Brimfield HYGRADE SEED CO., INC., Fredonia, N. Y. 385F Iceberg :^.:wu Union St. School, Middleboro 387F Black Seeded Simpson 96 Apnl Union St. School, Middleboro 473 DAkS^SSm:m"^ *•:. 30t(o, A„,U Elwood Adams, Inc., Worcester 648 Iceberg .■••.••:•"•/ Frank L. Whitcomb, Amherst H. V. LAWRENCE, Falmouth, Mass. M 815 Cal. Iceberg lvl 0 \.K.M|i|.||\ CO -t- lO -f OS C d co" co' co" O • H cc in c n a _ = ,., 0 -r c t- — — f m ajjqsduiBj] cd CD CO CO 0 t~ of 1-1 |iitM [ 0: I- " 1 cc 0 CO* CO* cc d co ~ -t co 0 0 0 OS O e cc T* O •D C r d oT -** CI •* -1* fH cc 01 CD CI C •"" -r O 0 0 _ _ C C: co m CD -* CD cc •** © 1'USi.lil ^r '"1 ''. o> ~\ Cl a d ©* "M Cl / CD 1-1 t- © •* CO 0 CM O CO CI CD ^* cc C CO CM 30 CO 0 -|.1.!}| O co" ■*" CD -* •* Cl IT d t- 0 •* O CD O t~ 0 © CO CO m 0 .»I.|t:jsu.n:}[ 01 - d CO CO CO CO '/; cu >r. % CO CU co cu ' I 0! a, 'O *" cu Cs) CU CU CU CU ■!-> 0) -j ^ 4J CU *J 111 *J CU ■t-t CU > > c - "5 ■- "5 ~ "3 •- "s ~ "a •- "3 ~ *D 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 c r s : c 0 — - ~ — — — c— — ~ — / - a 0 CU cv ^£ ±c u O PQ O 0 X O ■a 1 2 cc *§ 0 cd _^- >. si s* 5 CU a H M ~ ' — — cd K £ f- _^ (V cu CU "3 — 3 t- "S -■£; •f 0 « •t: « CU - - p •^ S E- C The average percentage of positive tests for all counties was 0.09, which is the lowest attained during the 21 -year testing period. The majority of the 478 positive tests was confined to one flock. Five counties, Barn- stable, Essex, Hampshire, Plymouth, and Worcester, had no reactors among their tested flocks. Barnstable, Essex, and Plymouth Counties have had no reactors for two successive years and Hampshire County has had no reactors for three successive years. The following breeds and varieties were tested: Bantam, Barnevelder, Barred Plymouth Rock, Black Australorp, Brahmas, Brown Leghorn, Buff Orpington, Buff Plymouth Rock, Chantecler, Columbian Rock, Cornish, Golden Laced Wyandotte, New Hampshire, Rhode Island Red, Silver Laced Wyandotte, White American, White Leghorn, White Plymouth Rock, White Wyandotte, and Cross-breeds. The Rhode Island Red and Barred Plymouth Rock are the predominating breeds. Two reactors were detected in each of the New Hampshire and White Leghorn breeds. Of the total number of samples tested, 490,759 (hens 48,964, pullets 441,795) were from females and 47,830 from males. Of these, 0.08 of the females and 0.17 percent of the males were positive. The higher percentage of reactors among the males is of interest, although it is difficult to eval- uate this difference because both percentages are so small. It is evident, however, that males must be considered in a testing and eradication pro- gram if the infection is to be completely eliminated. Testing of Fowl Other Than Chickens A total of 4,417 samples collected from fowl other than chickens wa^ tested for pullorum disease. The species tested included turkeys (4,259 tests), pheasants (115), guinea fowl (22), geese (13), ducks (5), and quail (3). Seven reacting birds were detected in 3 of the 32 turkey flocks tested, but in only one instance was the causative organism of pullorum disease isolated. The testing history revealed that this infected bird was purchased from an out-of-state source. Whether or not the infection originated out of state could not be ascertained. No reactors were detected among the other fowl. These findings point out that pullorum infection is rare among turkey breeding flocks in Massachusetts. However, the fact that infected birds are detected indicates the necessity of testing breeding flocks. Pul- lorum-eradication measures recommended for chickens arc applicable for turkey flocks. During the past year, 4,104 turkey blood samples were tested for para- typhoid infection. The macroscopic tube agglutination method was em- ployed. The technique was similar to that of the pullorum test except that an autogenous antigen of 6". typhi-murium was used. While infected birds can be detected by such a procedure, the method can not be relied upon to eliminate the infection to the degree accomplished in pullorum-disease testing. Paratyphoid infection is a serious problem in some flocks. Own- ers of flocks that are apparently free of this infection should be cautious in introducing new stock. According to our present knowledge, turkey flocks tested for paratyphoid disease may not be free of the infection even though no reactors are found. Annual Testing of Flocks Table 2 shows results from flocks tested lor the first time, intermittently, for two consecutive years, and for three or more consecutive years. The group tested for three or more consecutive years is the largest. The per- centage of reactors in the different groups is of interest. The flocks tested for the first time showed the greatest amount of infection; those tested for two consecutive years revealed no reactors; those tested for three or more consecutive years revealed 0.08 percent infection which included one flock in which 275 reactors were detected. Among the 210 flocks tested for three or more consecutive years, 206 were non-reacting and represented 405,151 birds (77 percent of all birds tested). All birds on the premises were tested in 84 percent of the flocks. Of the total birds tested, 88 percent were in 100 percent tested, non-react- ing flocks. Table 2. Annual Testing Versus Single and Intermittent Testing w CJ o E PQ a. H eg O h Posit i\<- Tests Negative Flocks Posithe Flocks Classification u 01 £ c ® 1 0 1 i 2 0 3 Totals 309 527,328 538,589 478 0.09 256 43 4 f> These results show that owners who test their flocks annually are more successful in maintaining a non-reacting flock than those who do not test annually. Flock owners who follow a definite testing and an effective preventive program may expect to develop and maintain a non-reacting flock more readily than flock owners with little or no knowledge of pul- lorum-disease eradication and prevention. Annual testing of all birds on the premises is necessary to determine the true status of a flock. Because sources of pullorum infection still exist in the State, pullorum-clean flocks are constantly subject to the possibility of infection. Flock owners should realize this fact and be on their guard constantly to prevent the introduction of infection. Owners of infected flocks should replace their stock with purchases from known pullorum-clean sources. Massachusetts has a sufficient sup- ply of pullorum-clean stock for flock replacements. Flock owners should not test their flocks unless with a definite objective in mind. Haphazard testing is profitable neither to the owner nor to the testing program. Appearance of Infection in Flocks Previously Negative During the past year infection was detected in five flocks which had been negative for two or more years. Table 3 gives a brief summary for each flock. The amount of infection detected was very small in all flocks. The source of infection could not be determined in three cases; whereas in two, the feeding of garbage and custom hatching were incriminated. Table 3. Appearance of Infection in Flocks Previously Negative Flock Number of Years Negative Flock Total 1940_41 Season Number Tested I'ositive Tests Percent Explanation for Infection 510 486 510 486* 1.18 0.00 Feeding garbage 1,300 3,2 76 3,264 1,280 3,276 1,007' 0.16 0.37 0.00 Unknown I 'nknown 3,114 2,663 2,660 3,114 2,663* 684* 0.29 0.04 0.00 Unknown 1,066 941 Custom hatching 'Represents retests. Flock 1 revealed six reacting birds among 510 tested. On retest no more reactors were detected. Flocks 2 and 5 revealed two and one reactors respectively. Neither of these flocks was retested. Flock 3 revealed 12 reactors among 3,276 birds tested and on partial flock retest revealed no reactors. Flock 4 revealed 9 reactors among 3,114 birds tested. In a second test of part of the flock, one additional reactor was detected. A third test of the entire flock was negative. Since the majority of "breaks" occurred in flocks which had been neg- ative for more than two years, one is led to believe that the infection had been introduced recently from an outside source. It is difficult to con ceive that the small amount of infection found could escape detection for four or more years. While the number of "breaks" may be considered small, poultrymen should appreciate the fact that many possible avenues exist through which pullorum infection may enter a flock. Therefore to avoid "breaks" one should observe the following preventive measures at all times as far as is humanly possible: 1. Birds removed from the premises to egg-laying contests, exhibitions, etc., should be held in quarantine and determined free of disease before they are readmitted into the flock. 2. Purchase of stock in the form of adults, chicks, and eggs should be from known pullorum-disease-free flocks. 3. Eggs from egg-laying contests should not be returned to premises and flocks which are recognized either as "pullorum passed" or as "pul- lorum clean," unless the contest is so operated as to attain the status of pullorum freedom. 4. Eggs should not be saved for hatching until after a flock has been tested and birds found free of infection. 5. Poultrymen should not custom hatch for untested or infected flocks (including fowl other than chickens). 6. Owners of pullorum-disease-free flocks should not have hatching done where infected eggs or stock may be found. 7. Fresh and infertile eggs from unknown or infected sources should not be fed to chickens or exposed to animals such as crows, sparrows, and skunks, which may carry or spread infection. 8. Offal from all birds dressed for market or home consumption, as well as dead birds that are not fit for consumption, should be burned. 9. Garbage should not be fed to chickens. 10. Poultrymen should not buy feed in bags that have been used or exposed to infection. (Such bags, if properly disinfected, will be safe for further use.) 11. Poultrymen should not permit visitors, hen buyers, and feed deal- ers on the poultry ranges and in the poultry houses and other buildings. 12. Poultrymen should not use equipment that has been exposed to or contaminated with infective material unless it is properly cleaned and sterilized or disinfected. 13. Poultrymen should regard fowl other than chickens as a possible source of pullorum infection unless tested and found free from pullorum disease. Non-Reacting and Positive Flocks Classified by Counties Table 4 gives the distribution of non-reacting and positive flocks among the 11 counties. A total of 299 flocks (including partially tested) repre- senting 492,475 birds was identified as non-reacting; and a total of 256 flocks (100 percent tested) representing 463,603 birds was found to be non- reacting. This number of birds is slightly higher than that of the previous season. Worcester and Middlesex Counties lead in the number of birds in non-reacting flocks. 8 Only 10 flocks were classified as infected at the close of the testing season. A total of 34,853 birds was tested in these 10 flocks located in 5 counties. Among the 10 flocks, only 6 revealed more than 1 percent infec- tion. In one flock, 241 reactors were detected among 5,200 birds tested revealing a percentage of infection of 4.63. This number of reactors represented the bulk of the reactors detected for all the flocks tested. A retest of this flock revealed that the percentage of infection had been reduced from 4.63 to 0.73. In another infected flock, 38.92 percent re- actors were detected. This flock was tested for the first time. It is rather unusual to find a flock with such high infection. Table 4. Non-Reacting and Positive Flocks Classified by Counties County 100% Tested Birds Partially Tested Flocks Birds Total Flocks Birds Non-Reacting Flocks Barnstable Berkshire Bristol Essex Franklin Hampden Hampshire Middlesex Norfolk Plymouth Worcester Totals Bristol Franklin Hampden Middlesex Norfolk Totals 2 3,377 — — 2 3,377 5 8,412 1 3,601 6 12,013 39 69,628 7 4,903 46 74,531 26 41,783 7 4,149 33 45,932 25 45,830 1 1,563 2TJ 47,393 IS 16,793 1 52 19 16,845 IS 20,848 1 309 19 21,157 42 82,057 8 4,871 50 86,928 20 36,580 8 3,943 28 40,523 26 51,660 3 3,075 29 54,735 35 86,635 6 2,406 41 89,041 256 463,603 Positive 43 Flocks 28,872 299 492,475 — — 2 1,074 o 1,074 1 1,280 — — 1 1,280 1 119 ■ — — 1 119 1 50 2 1,108 3 1,158 1 1,449 2 29,773 3 31,222 2,898 31,955 34,853 These results are very encouraging since so few flocks were classified as infected at the close of the testing season. It represents the lowest number of positive flocks for any one year during the 21-year testing period. Also, the amount of infection in the positive flocks was slight with a few exceptions. The Massachusetts poultry industry is in a fortu- nate and enviable position in regard to its supply of pullorum-free stock. Every precaution should be taken to maintain or improve this position. More local buying from pullorum-free flocks should be encouraged to help stamp out pullorum infection. Comparison of 1939-40 and 1940-41 Testing Table 5 gives a comparison of the 1939-40 and 1940-41 testing results for the different counties. Fewer flocks, birds, and samples were tested during the past year than in 1939-40. The decrease in birds and tests is largely accounted for by one large flock which was tested only partially. Aside from this the number of tested birds and tests in the various coun- ties has changed only slightly when compared with 1939-40. The per- centage of infection was less in those counties which revealed infection during the previous season. The number of non-reacting flocks is less for 1940-41, but the number of birds in those flocks is approximately the same as in the previous season. The average percentage of infection for the State as a whole was reduced from 0.51 to 0.09 which is the lowest in the testing history. Table 5. Comparison of 1939-40 and 1940-41 Testing County Barnstable Berkshire Bristol Dukes Essex Franklin Hampden Hampshire 26 Middlesex Norfolk Plymouth Worcester Totals 346 Barnstable Berkshire Bristol Essex Franklin Hampden Hampshire Middlesex Norfolk Plymouth Worcester Totals 309 Positive Non- Flocks Birds Tests Tests Reactinf? Percent Flocks 1939-40 Season 2 3,353 3,353 n.nn 2 10 13,468 18,468 n.34 8 49 73,955 75,025 0.09 46 1 538 538 0.00 1 28 44,885 44,885 o.oo 28 36 48,772 50,943 n.06 34 10 16,016 16,016 0.00 19 26 26,233 26,233 0.00 26 . 58 85,101 105,125 0.15 55 . 88 110,351 185,841 1.67 29 32 58,671 60,138 0.04 32 . 52 91,657 91,657 0.00 52 573,000 673,222 1940-41 Season 0.51 332 2 6 48 3,377 12,013 75,605 45,932 48,673 16,964 21,157 88,086 71,745 54,735 89,041 3,377 12,548 78,961 46,585 48,673 16,964 21,157 89,093 77,455 54,735 89,041 0.00 0.08 0.05 0.00 0.004 O.Ofi 0.00 0.09 0.43 0.00 0.00 2 6 46 . 33 33 . 27 20 26 19 19 19 53 50 31 28 29 29 41 41 527,328 53S,589 0.09 Ill Twenty-One-Year Testing Period Shows Progress in Eradication Table 6 presents data for a 21-year testing period, showing that Mas- sachusetts has made marked progress in eliminating pullorum disease from its flocks. The table also points out that flocks once established free of the disease can be maintained at such a status. Table 6. Twenty-One-Year Pullorum Disease Testing Summary Positive Non- Birds in Non-reacting Flocks Season FlockR Birds Total Tests Tests Percent reacting Flocks Number Percent 1920 21 108 24,718 24,718 12.50 25 2,414 9.77 1921 22 1 10 29,875 29,875 L2.65 27 4,082 13.50 1922 23 121 33,602 33,602 7.60 29 5,400 16.07 1923 24 139 59,635 59,635 6.58 38 1 1 ,082 18.58 1924 25 156 66,508 66,503 2.94 79 25,390 38.18 1925 26 201 67,919 67,919 2.31 124 88,615 49.49 1926 27 249 127,327 127,327 4.03 1 14 40,269 31.63 1927 28 321 190,658 232,091 6. 5 •>' 138 80,829 42.39 1928 29 413 254,512 304,092 4.25" 228 153,334 60.25 1929 30 460 331,314 386,098 2.17 30 9 203.03S 66.97 1930 31 447 356,810 402,983 1.47 328 267,229 74.89 1931 32 4 55 377,191 420,861 o.no 355 298,534 7 9.15 1932 33 335 ?96,093 300,714 0.4 7 276 238.074 80.41 1933 34 262 263,241 284,848 0.53 229 212,782 80.83 1934 35 244 281,124 301,887 0.3 9 213 251,778 S9.56 I93.r. 3 6 252 329,659 344,081 0.3 0 230 3 15.215 95.95 1936 37 307 448,519 461,762 0.3 7 281 424,431 94.68 1937 3 8 308 480,227 497,769 0.17 286 457,4 66 95.26 1938 39 355 571,065 615,205 0.34 327 469.134 82.15 1939 40 346 573,000 673,222 0.5 1 332 497,356 86.80 1940 41 309 527,328 538,589 0.09 299 492,475 93.39 •Based on total birds tested: 1927-28, 190,658 birds; 1928-29, 254,512 birds. Comments and Suggestions Tn view of the progress that has been made in pullorum-disease erad- ication, it should be recognized that a continued effort must be made to employ sound effective measures to further maintain and establish pul- lorum-free flocks. A few items should receive special consideration in this report: 1. Annual Testing of Flocks: — In determining the pullorum status of a flock, it should be tested annually. This measure is based on the fact thai pullorum infection can be introduced into a flock after it lias once been free of this disease. Fortunately such "breaks" occur very seldom; but since they do occur, it becomes necessary to test flocks at least once a year. The discontinuance of testing for even one year may permit con- ditions whereby a flock may become heavily infected. In flocks previous- ly negative that have become reinfected, the amount of infection is usually small. Annual testing in such cases prevents the infection from multi- 11 plying and spreading in a Hock. Therefore, breeding flocks should be tested annually as long as there exists the possibility of reinfection from avenues of infection over which control is not complete at the present time. Annual testing is a safeguard to the flock owner and to his customers. 1. Testing All Birds on the Premises: — During the past year, 49 of the 309 flock owners tested only part of their flocks. Only 6 of the 49 Hocks revealed infection. This, of course, does not mean that no infection ex- isted in the other 43 flocks. In cases where the amount of infection is small, it is possible that the disease- might exisl among tin- untested birds, which in turn could serve as a possible source ol infection tor the tested birds. Infection may spread from one adult bird to another, either In- direct contactor indirectly, through contaminated litter, eggs, etc. There- fore, to determine whether or not a flock is infected, all birds on the premises must be tested before the breeding flock can be regarded as reliably free from pullorum infection. 3. Official Recognition of Pullorum-Free blocks: — The Massachusetts De- partment of Agriculture recognizes two official grades for pullorum-free flocks: "Massachusetts Pullorum Passed" and "Massachusetts Pullorum Clean." In the final list published by the Department in April 1941, 186 "Pullorum (dean" flocks representing 384,738 birds, and 11 "1'ullorum Passed" (locks representing 33,639 birds were reported. According to the number of 100 percent tested, non-reacting flocks, not all flock owners whose flocks were eligible tor either one of the two grades applied for recognition. In order to make the mllcst use ol such flocks, their owner- are urged to have their names appear on the official list published by the Massachusetts Department ol Agriculture, This list serves as a useful guide in locating officially recognized pullorum-free stock. 4. Local Buying of Stock: Local buying of pullorum-free stock is recom- mended. Such a practice will permit greater interest ami closer coopera tion between the seller and buyer. Purchases should not he based en- tirely on the merit of advertisements, because claims in an advertisement may be misleading and at times are false. Every purchaser should care- fully investigate before he buys and should remember that the lowest- priced chick is frequently the most expensive chick if quality in breeding and freedom from pullorum disease art- lacking. Publication of this Document Afj-roved nr Commission on Administration and Finance 8m .. » I- (i.'iL's Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station CONTROL SERIES BULLETIN NO. 109 SEPTEMBER, 1941 Inspection of Commercial Fertilizers and Agricultural Lime Products By Fertilizer Control Service Staff This is the sixty-eighth report of the Massachusetts Fertilizer Control made in accordance with Chapter. 94, Sections 250 to 261, inclusive, of Massachusetts General Laws 1920, as amended by Chapter 67, Acts of 1933. Massachusetts State College Amherst, Mass. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS AND AGRICULTURAL LIME PRODUCTS FOR THE SEASON OF 1941 * By Fertilizer Control Service Staff: Philip H. Smith, Official Chemist, in Charge James T. Howard, Inspector John W. Kuzmeski, Senior Chemist Comfort L. Whiting, Inspector H. Robert DeRose, Assistant Chemist Louis A. Graves, Inspector Albert F. Spelman, Assistant Chemist Joseph A. Martell, Laboratory Assistant Leo V. Crowley, Junior Chemist George E. Taylor, Laboratory Assistant Richard H. Jaquith, Junior Chemist Cora B. Grover, Senior Clerk CONTENTS . Page Pertinent facts relating to Massachusetts fertilizer law 3 Manufacturers and brands 4 Fertilizer tonnage g Mixed fertilizers: Deficiency statistics g Average variation table 9 Mixtures showing a commercial shortage of $1 or more per ton 12 Mixtures substantially complying with guarantees 15 Chemicals and raw products: Summary of results of the inspection 38 Nitrogen compounds 3g Phosphoric acid compounds 42 Products supplying nitrogen and phosphoric acid 42 Potash compounds 44 Pulverized animal manures 45 Miscellaneous 4g Agricultural lime products: Manufacturers and brands 4g Variations and deficiencies 49 Hydrated or slaked lime 50 Pulverized limestone (fine-ground limestone) 52 Ground limestone (coarse-ground limestone) 53 Gypsum or land plaster 54 Directory of manufacturers who registered fertilizers for sale in Massachusetts in 1941 . 54 INTRODUCTION This bulletin presents detailed analytical and statistical data pertaining to the work of the Massachusetts Fertilizer Control Service on mixed and unmixed fertilizers and on liming materials for the season of 1941. As in past years, an effort was made to secure a sample of at least one lot of every brand of fertilizer sold in the state. While, for various reasons, it was im- possible to attain this goal entirely, enough brands were sampled to insure a thorough inspection of all but a comparatively few brands which in most instances represent only small tonnages. If two or more samples of the same brand were collected, at least two samples were taken for analysis. Whenever the first samples analyzed have shown an appreciable deficiency, one or more other samples of the same brand, if available, have been analyzed. This has been done not only to determine the prevalence of such deficiencies in other lots of the same brand, but also to protect the manu- facturer from unjust criticism and possible condemnation of a particular brand on the strength of one analysis which may conceivably represent the only lot, out of many of that brand, which is deficient. Although there are only two samples less than last year in the table of seriously deficient mixed fertilizers, considerable improvement is noted in the number of minor deficiencies. This improvement is reflected somewhat in the table of aver- age variation from guaranteed analysis, which shows five average plant food shortages as compared with nine for 1940. FERTILIZERS AND AGRICULTURAL LIME 3 Although some of the shortages noted are of a serious nature, in twenty of the twenty-nine samples the shortages in one plant food element are accompanied by large overruns in other plant food elements, indicating either improper mixing or the occurrence of segregation after mixing. Most of the serious deficiencies found may be attributed to mistakes on the part of the manufacturer or to the unavoid- able variations which may be considered as almost inherent in any product as complex in composition and manufactured in tonnages as large and in grades as varied as is mixed commercial fertilizer. With no intention of minimizing the importance of the obligation on the part of the manufacturer to maintain the guarantees on his products as scrupulously as possible, it is, nevertheless, only fair to state that none of the shortages found in mixed fertilizers during 1941 appears to be the result of a deliberate attempt to defraud the consumer. PERTINENT FACTS RELATING TO MASSACHUSETTS FERTILIZER LAW Commercial Fertilizers Registration is required annually on January 1 . Registration fee is $8 for each element: nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potash, magnesia. Label must show: Net weight of fertilizer Name, brand or trade mark, and grade Name and address of manufacturer Guaranteed analysis: nitrogen, available phosphoric acid, water soluble potash. A guarantee of total phosphoric acid may be used instead of available phosphoric acid for bone, untreated phosphate rock, tankage, dried and pulverized manures, ground seeds, and wood ashes Tonnage reports are required semi-annually, on January 1 and July 1. Tonnage fee: 6 cents per ton of 2,000 pounds. Lime Products Registration is required annually on January 1. Registration fee: $12 for each brand. Label must show : Net weight of product * Name, brand or trade mark, and form of lime Name and address of manufacturer Guaranteed analysis: calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, carbonates of calcium and magnesia, or calcium sulphate (in gypsum or land plaster) 'Make checks payable to Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station and send correspondence to PHILIP H. SMITH, Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station Amherst, Mass. 4 CONTROL SERIES No. 109 The Massachusetts Fertilizer Law is essentially a true labelling law. In the words of Dr. Goessmann, it endeavors to persuade the manufacturers of fertilizers to "state what they sell and to sell what they state." With minor exceptions, there are no restrictions imposed on the kind or grade of fertilizer which may be sold provided it is correctly labelled. For all practical purposes there is no pre- scribed minimum percentage of total plant food which a fertilizer must contain before it can be registered for sale. However, "the director or his authorized deputy may refuse to issue a certificate for any fertilizer or brand of fertilizer which does not contain at least one-half of one per cent of nitrogen, or one-half of one per cent of potash soluble in distilled water, or one per cent of phosphoric acid, or five per cent of calcium oxide, or five per cent of magnesium oxide, or which contains its potash, phosphoric acid, calcium or magnesium oxides in forms substantially insoluble by the methods of analysis for commercial fertilizers and agricultural lime products prescribed by the Association of Official Agricultural Chemists of North America, or which does not possess substantial properties as a fertilizer." It will be noted that registrations of fertilizers are required annually on Janu- ary 1. The law specifically states that each fertilizer shall be registered before it is sold. Some manufacturers have consistently followed the practice of waiting until inspectors have sampled their products before registering. There has been, also, a tendency on the part of some manufacturers to greatly delay transmitting the required reports of the total tonnage of their fertilizer sales for each six months period. This has necessitated a great deal of correspondence which could be easily eliminated with a little more cooperation. Inquiries are received from time to time regarding the necessity of registering liquid fertilizers, chemical salts, etc., which are usually marketed in small packages intended for use on potted flower plants, lawns, flower gardens, and tank growing of plants. The Massachusetts Fertilizer Law includes such products under its regulations and they should be registered before being sold in this state. In order to protect themselves, dealers should ascertain whether such products are registered and labelled as required by the Massachusetts Fertilizer Law before accepting them for resale. If for any reason the manufacturer refuses to comply with the registration provision of the law, the dealer, as the seller, will be held responsible for the amount of the registration fee as well as for the fulfillment of the other provisions of the law not observed by the manufacturer. Manufacturers and Brands Registrations have been perfected in Massachusetts during 1941 by 98 firms, covering 498 brands of mixed fertilizer and unmixed fertilizing materials. The following brands were not found on display by the sampling agent at any point in the state and therefore do not appear in the tables of analyses. FERTILIZERS AND AGRICULTURAL LIME Brands of Fertilizer Registered but Not Sampled Agro-Chem Laboratories, Inc. Vitamone Concentrate (liquid 8-10-8 fertilizer) American Cyanatnid Co. 20.6% "Aero" CyanamidGranular(20.6-0-0) Apothecaries Hall Co. Liberty Corn Fertilizer 3-12-6 Liberty High Grade Corn Fertilizer 4-12-4 Liberty Tobacco Starter with Potash 5-5-15 Liberty Truck Garden & Onion Fertilizer 5-10-5 Sulphate of Ammonia (20.5-0-0) Armour Fertilizer Works Armour's Big Crop Fertilizer 0-20-10 Armour's Big Crop Fertilizer 3-10-4 Armour's Big Crop Fertilizer 4-12-4 Armour's Big Crop Fertilizer 4-16-20 Armour's Big Crop Tobacco Special 5-3-5 Armour's Fertilizer 0-20-20 Armour's Special Tree Food Mixture 10-8-6 Ashcraf t-Wilkinson Co. Coweta Brand 41% Cottonseed Meal (6.56-0-0) Baugh & Sons Co. Baugh's Truckers Favorite 5-10-5 Muriate of Potash (0-0-50) Berkshire Chemical Co. Cotton Hull Ash (0-0-30) Emjeo (30% magnesium oxide) Berkshire Precipitated Bone Phosphate (0-38-0) Brewer Tree Expert Co. Brewer Tree Food 10-6-4 W. Atlee Burpee Co. Burpee-Gro 7-13-26 Comfort Manufacturing Co. Craig Concentrated Liquid Plant Food 9-6-3 Consolidated Rendering Co. Corenco 5-8-7 for Gardens Corenco 5-9-8 Corenco 8-6-4 Eastern States Farmers' Exchange Eastern States Castor Pomace (5-0-0) Thomas W. Emerson Co. Vitamin B. Plant Food 4-12-4 Goulard & Olena, Inc. G & O Sheep Manure (1-1-2) Greenlands Services, Inc. Lawn & Grass Fertilizer 6-8-6 Shrubs and Trees 6-8-8 Hartney-Amalia, Inc. Rhozalia Food 5-7-6 Humphreys-Godwin Co. Bull Brand Prime 43% Protein Cottonseed Meal (6.88-0-0) Dixie Brand Prime 41% Protein Cottonseed Meal (6.58-0-0) National Plant Foods, Inc. Hy-Gro 13-26-13 Old Deerfield Fertilizer Co., Inc. Ammo-Phos (11-48-0) Old Deerfield Cotton Hull Ashes (0-0-35) Organo, Inc. Triple Superphosphate (0-47-0) Rogers & Hubbard Co. Red H Brand 3-10-4 Red H Brand 8-16-20 Standard Wholesale Phosphate & Works, Inc. Standard 4-8-10 Swift & Company Fertilizer Works Swift's N/eL 3-12-6 Swift's Red Steer 4-8-10 Swift's Special Golf Fertilizer 6-12-4 Tennessee Corporation Loma 10-6-4 Acid 6 CONTROL SERIES No. 109 Drawing of Samples Between April 1 and June 15, three sampling agents made a thorough canvass of the state: James T. Howard in Hampshire, Hampden, Franklin, and Berkshire Counties; Louis A. Graves in Norfolk, Bristol, Plymouth, Barnstable, and Dukes Counties; and Comfort L. Whiting in Essex, Middlesex, Suffolk, and Worcester Counties. They visited 144 towns, took 1,654 samples, representing 453 brands, from stock in the possession of 393 agents or owners, and called at 250 places where no samples were drawn because the agency had been discontinued, the stock was all sold out, or sufficient samples had already been taken of the brands found. They sampled 21,124 sacks, representing 8,433 tons of fertilizer. One ton was sampled to every seven and nine-tenths tons sold in the state. FERTILIZER TONNAGE Tonnage of Mixed and Unmixed Fertilizers Sold in Massachusetts July 1, 1938, to July 1, 1939 July 1, 1939, to July 1, 1940 July 1, 1940, to July 1, 1941 Mixed fertilizers ..... Fertilizer chemicals and materials unmixed Pulverized natural manures 41,616 20,800a 1,558 43,736 19,6736 1,589 46,212 18,613c 1,414 Totals 63,974 64,998 66,239 a Does not include 876 tons of 45% superphosphate and 903 tons of 47% superphosphate dis- tributed by the A.A.A. 6 Does not include 2,305 tons of 47% superphosphate distributed by the A.A.A. c Does not include 9,192 tons of 20% superphosphate distributed by the A.A.A. There were 1,241 tons more fertilizer sold in the state in 1941 than during the previous year. The tonnage of mixed fertilizer was 2,476 more, and that of the fertilizer chemicals and unmixed materials was 1,060 less than for 1940. Pulverized manures showed a decrease of 175 tons. Of the total tonnage sold, 69.8 per cent was mixed fertilizer, 28.1 per cent was unmixed materials, and 2.1 per cent was dried and pulverized natural manures. The tonnage tables present figures for one year, July 1, 1940, to July 1, 1941, for both mixed fertilizers and unmixed fertilizer materials. In case of the mixed fertilizers, the grade represents the plant food guarantee and is expressed in the order of nitrogen, available phosphoric acid, potash. Of the 46,212 tons of mixed fertilizer sold, 71 per cent was furnished by 10 grades and 150 brands. High analysis grades totaled 4,492 tons and 30 brands, which is 392 tons more than in 1940. Although the total tonnage of mixed ferti- lizers shows an increase of 2,476 tons, or 5.7 per cent, the high analysis grades show an increase of 9.5 per cent. The following table shows the progressive increase in the manufacture of high analysis grades for the past five years. A grade is considered as high analysis if the guaranteed plant food elements total 30 per cent or more. 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 High analysis (tons) All mixed fertilizers (tons) Per cent high analysis . 3,267 48,527 6.8 3,358 45,339 7.4 3,523 41,616 8.5 4,100 43,736 9.4 4,492 46,212 9.7 FERTILIZERS AND AGRICULTURAL LIME Tonnage of Mixed Fertilizers Grade Tonnage Brands Grade Tonnage Brands 5-8-7 11,941 31 4-3-12 114 4-8-4 3,754 21 7-7-5 114 - 6-3-6 2,733 12 8-8-8 108 — 7-7-7 2,692 14 10-5-5 107 - 5-10-10 2,333 11 6-7-4 105 - 4-8-10 2,285 18 4-12-10 104 - 4-8-7 2,234 15 6-8-2 103 — 8-16-16 1,986 7 8-8-4 76 - 5-8-10 1,663 10 12-4-4 70 — 5-10-5 1,401 11 8-6-4 69 - 6-3-7 994 — 4-9-3 65 — 4-12-4 968 9 7-7-6 64 - 5-6-1 636 — 5-7-3 62 - 5-5-15 610 11 5-12-6 55 — 7-6-6 572 8 8-5-2 55 - 3-10-4 542 8 6-6-5 53 - 10-10-10 486 — 7-3-7 44 — 8-16-14 433 6 6-12-4 40 — 8-16-20 426 5 6-3-2 38 - 3-10-6 421 — 7-8-4 31 — 4-16-20 402 — 10-8-6 31 — 8-24-8 361 - 4-8-5 28 - 3-12-6 306 6 8-6-3 22 — 8-6-2 305 6 3-7-6 22 - 5-15-5 304 - 3-3-3 20 - 5-3-5 281 - 5-5-10 17 - 10-6-4 262 — 2-10-2 15 — 6-8-9 175 - 5-6-2 15 - 4-12-6 172 — 6-8-4 15 — 5-5-5 159 - 8-6-6 15 - 8-5-8 156 - 5-8-4 14 - 5-10-4 144 - 5-9-8 14 - 6-12-12 143 — 9-6-6 14 — 7-14-21 130 — 5-4-8 13 — 4-10-4 129 - .08-.16-.10 12 - 7-5-3 127 — 5-8-5 11 — 8-16-8 123 — 5-8-6 10 — 8-4-8 119 — Miscellaneous 69 13 0-20-20 117 Special mixtures Totals 1,353 - 46,212 329 Tonnage of Unmixed Fertilizing Materials Material Tonnage Brands Material Tonnage Brands Superphosphate 20% 3,684 11 Wood ashes . 90 _ Nitrate of soda 3,149 — Castor pomace 77 — Superphosphate 16% 2,327 10 Urea .... 63 - Cottonseed meal-castor Cotton hull ashes . 48 — pomace .... 2,058 5 Superphosphate 47% . 35 - Bone meal 1,464 21 Bone and tankage 33 — Pulverized animal manures 1,414 23 Uramon .... 25 — Milorganite 1,195 - Sulfate of potash . 25 6 Muriate of potash 60% . 972 7 Cal-Nitro 13 — Sulfate of ammonia 796 10 Basic slag phosphate . 11 — Cyanamid 650 — Ammo-Phos . 11 — Cottonseed meal 418 6 Soybean meal 10 - Nitrate of soda-potash . 391 - Dried blood . 9 - Muriate of potash 50% . 295 9 Superphosphate 40% . 9 — Tankage .... 239 6 Precipitated bone . 6 — Process tankage 160 - Sulfate of potash- Fish 127 7 magnesia . 1 — Peat 126 — Horn and hoof meal 1 — Linseed meal . 95 Totals 20,027 168 CONTROL SERIES No. 109 MIXED FERTILIZERS Deficiency Statistics for Mixed Fertilizers Number of Brands. Number of Tests or Determinations. J £g a Manufacturer. V G .2 td 3 Q o a X, "3 !« 2 "a S 3 -a »> Hffl 09 9 <» 2 • 3 & 4> 2 £ *" d a < % o H « Acme Guano Co 9 8 27 1 0 0 0 Agricultural Laboratories, Inc. 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 American Agricultural Chemical Co. 37 15 110 18 4 1 4 Apothecaries Hall Co. 10 9 30 1 0 0 0 Armour Fertilizer Works . 17 7 51 8 2 0 1 Ernest J. Ban tie 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 F. A. Bartlett Tree Expert Co., Inc. 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 Baugh & Sons Co 5 4 15 1 0 0 0 Belmont Gardens .... 1 0 3 1 0 0 0 Berkshire Chemical Co. 13 5 39 6 2 1 0 Joseph Breck & Sons Corporation 4 4 12 0 0 0 0 Collins Seed Service Co. 4 1 12 2 0 0 1 Consolidated Rendering Co. 20 17 60 3 0 0 0 Davey Tree Expert Co. 1 0 3 1 0 0 0 Davison Chemical Corporation 2 0 6 2 0 0 1 Eastern States Farmers' Exchange . 17 11 65 4 1 2 1 Ellis Chemicals, Inc 1 0 3 0 1 0 0 Thomas W. Emerson Co. . 6 5 18 1 0 0 0 Excell Laboratories .... 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 H. L. Frost & Higgins Co. 2 2 6 0 0 0 0 Garden Hose Spray Co., Inc. 1 0 3 0 0 0 1 Goulard & Olena, Inc. 2 0 6 2 1 0 0 Greenlands Services, Inc. . 3 3 9 0 0 0 0 1 0 3 1 0 0 0 Hartney-Amalia, Inc 1 0 3 0 1 0 0 Henderson & Herndon Tree Co., Inc. 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 Hixon Tree Co 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 Hydroponic Chemical Co., Inc. 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 Hy-Trous Corporation 1 0 3 0 1 0 0 International Agricultural Corp. 16 6 53 9 1 1 0 Kem Laboratories .... 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 John D. Lyon. Inc 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 McClain Brothers Co. 1 0 3 0 0 1 0 Mechling Bros. Chemicals, Division of General Chemical Co. 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 Miller Chemical & Fertilizer Corp. . 4 2 12 3 0 0 0 New England Toro Co. 3 3 9 0 0 0 0 New England Tree Expert Co., Inc. 1 0 3 1 0 0 0 Old Deerfield Fertilizer Co., Inc. 18 15 56 3 0 0 0 Olds & Whipple, Inc* .... 12 12 36 0 0 0 0 6 5 18 1 0 0 0 F. G. Phillips Co 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 Plantspur Products Co. 1 0 3 1 0 0 0 Ra-Pid-Gro Corporation 1 0 3 0 0 0 3 Rogers & Hubbard Go. 28 17 84 5 3 1 2 William H. Rorer, Inc. 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 James A. Sawyer .... 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 0. M. Scott & Sons Co. 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 Standard Wholesale Phosphate & Acid 6 1 18 4 2 1 0 Swift & Co. Fertilizer Works 8 2 24 7 0 0 0 F. Sylvester & Son .... 1 0 3 1 0 0 0 1 0 3 1 0 0 0 Universal Chemical Co. 1 0 3 1 0 0 0 Virginia-Carolina Chemical Corp. . 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 C. P. Washburn Co 4 3 12 1 0 0 0 Winslow Nurseries .... 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 Wirthmore Retail Stores 4 3 12 0 1 0 0 Woodruff Fertilizer Works, Inc. 7 4 21 2 1 0 0 Totals 299 182 917 92 21 8 14 FERTILIZERS AND AGRICULTURAL LIME Serious Commercial Shortages in Mixed Fertilizers Amount of Shortage Per Ton. Number of Samples Between $4 and $5 Between S3 and $4 Between $2 and $3 Between $1 and $2 Of the 299 brands analyzed, 182, or 61 per cent, showed no deficiencies, of 917 plant food guarantees made, 85 per cent were fully maintained. The deficiency table shows the following statistics: Out Deficiencies not exceeding 34 of one per cent, 92 Deficiencies between }/i and Yi of one per cent, 21 Deficiencies between J/£ and % of one per cent, 8 Deficiencies more than % of one per cent, 14 Seventeen firms have registered five or more brands of mixed fertilizers. On the basis of composition found by analysis as well as of tonnage sold, the following table shows to what extent each manufacturer was successful in avoiding defi- ciencies in plant food guarantees in his mixtures. Four of the seventeen firms have an average deficiency in one or more plant food elements. Average Variation from Guaranteed Analysis Manufacturer Average Percentage of Plant Food Above or Below the Minimum Guarantee Nitrogen Available Phosphoric Acid Water Soluble Potash Acme Guano Co American Agricultural Chemical Co. Apothecaries Hall Co Armour Fertilizer Works Baugh & Sons Co. Berkshire Chemical Co Consolidated Rendering Co Eastern States Farmers' Exchange Thomas W. Emerson Co International Agricultural Corp. Old Deerfield Fertilizer Co., Inc. Olds & Whipple, Inc Organo, Inc Rogers & Hubbard Co. Standard Wholesale Phosphate & Acid Works, Inc Swift & Company Fertilizer Works . Woodruff Fertilizer Works, Inc. + + + + — .04 + + + + + + + + + — .21 + — .06 — .19 + + .07 10 CONTROL SERIES No. 109 Explanation of Tables of Analyses Guarantee. The plant food guarantee or the grade of each fertilizer is made a part of the trade name under the heading "Name of Manufacturer and Brand," and is expressed as nitrogren, available phosphoric acid, and water soluble potash and in that order. Mixtures Showing a Commercial Shortage of $1 or More per Ton. A study of the following table will show that apparently either improper mixing or segregation after mixing is still playing a major role in causing serious deficiencies. The deficiencies found in the high analysis grades showing plant food content greatly disproportionate to the guaranteed analysis are probably due to the effect of segregation. Some of these mixtures are composed of particles varying greatly in shape, size, and specific gravity. Under these conditions, even with very thor- ough mixing to obtain a uniform mixture and careful subsequent handling of the fertilizer, segregation probably cannot be entirely eliminated. Once segregation has occurred it is almost impossible to obtain a sample which will yield an analysis closely resembling the guaranteed analysis. The adequacy of existing sampling methods in obtaining representative samples of fertilizer mixtures possessing pronounced segregative tendencies has been ques- tioned, and the suggestion made that sampling methods be revised and adapted to cope with the qualities peculiar to such mixtures. This would seem to be put- ting the cart before the horse. Past experience has established fairly definitely that present methods of samp- ling employed by the fertilizer control agencies of most states are fully adequate for securing representative samples of reasonably well mixed fertilizers. There is a serious question whether it is possible or even desirable for any sampling method to do more. It is very difficult to determine what constitutes a representative sample of a badly segregated mixture. The manufacturer's concern over the condition of his product should not cease even when he has added all the necessary ingredients in the proper proportions and his own chemists have found the fertilizer as it is in the curing bins or as it comes from the bagging mill comfortably above guarantee in all elements. There is an obligation on his part to market a well mixed fertilizer of uniform composi- tion containing ingredients of such particle size that it will withstand all the rough handling to which fertilizer is usually subjected and will reach the farmer and eventually the soil with every portion of the fertilizer still containing the plant food elements in substantially the same proportion as guaranteed on the tag. Some manufacturers are prone to pass over this problem too lightly, implying that there is no practical difference as far as crop yield is concerned whether one plant food element is 2 or 3 per cent under guarantee and another 2 or 3 per cent over guarantee, or whether all plant food elements are as guaranteed. However, if with all the care exercised by the inspectors in obtaining official samples it is not possible in some instances to secure samples which will show a deficiency of less than 2 per cent in one element and an overrun of less than 2 per cent in another, there is ample justification for assuming that the fertilizer represented by such an analysis will reach the soil, after it has undergone considerably more handling and has been agitated in a drill attachment or fertilizer sower, in an even more unbalanced condition. That a fertilizer possessing segregative qualities is still further segregated during its application to the soil has been shown in work done by Mehring, A. L., White, L. M., Ross, W. H. and Adams, J. E., U. S. Dept. of Agriculture Tech. Bull. 485 (1935). Also W. II. Ross, of the Fertilizer Research Division, Bureau of Plant Industry (Ross et al., Jour. A.O.A.C. Vol. 24, No. 2, 499, 1941) states: "for many years numerous field tests have been made to de- FERTILIZERS AND AGRICULTURAL LIME 11 termine the best fertilizer grades for different soils and crops, and the number of grades now sold in this country is probably in excess of 1,000. If a fertilizer of a certain grade is better adapted to a given set of conditions than any other, then the effectiveness of the fertilizer must necessarily be impaired by any segregation that would change the grade of the fertilizer in the process of its distribution in the field." Under the heading "Approximate commercial shortage per ton" is shown the commercial valuation of the deficiencies or tests found below the guarantee. No allowance is made for the value of overruns in other elements which are above guarantee. The manufacturer makes a definite guarantee regarding the minimum percentage of each element which each grade shall contain. If a farmer buys a 5-8-7 fertilizer he has every right to expect and insist that he shall receive a 5-8-7 grade and not a 4-8-10 grade, even though the latter may have an equal or higher commercial value. As far as plant growth is concerned, an overrun of 30 or 40 pounds of potash in a ton of fertilizer does not compensate for a shortage of 15 or 20 pounds of nitrogen. Deficiencies are emphasized by boldface type. Mixtures Substantially Complying with the Guarantee. In addition to the analysis of those fertilizers which meet their guarantees in every respect, this table includes also those mixtures which have one or more elements below the guaranteed percentage but have a shortage of less than $1 per ton. Inferior Nitrogen. The presence of inferior forms of organic nitrogen is indicated by footnotes. Potash Forms. Tests for chlorine are made only on tobacco mixtures and on those fertilizers which carry a guarantee of potash in forms other than muriate When the amount of chlorine present in any brand exceeds the tolerance allowed for that brand, this fact is indicated by a footnote. 12 CONTROL SERIES No. 109 c o H oo C3 1- o J3 73 (3 a a o 3 *» 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I O 5 H T3 E a 0 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 •< 0 a fa Water Soluble Potash (K2O) Found 0 sO 0 «* Tf 0 0 cc r~ CNvO •* 0 00 0> (N U5 in 00 0) "5 _ 0 JS'G _ llal 00 to CD in CO "0 00 MS 001 CNiO Up* l> cn t» «4 U3 00 t^i U5 00 0606 «!Ph &■ "* OS 0 10 CO O coco a t> O^ 5 r; CM 0 »H CO-f 0 H CO 1> 06 CO • CO O 00 1-1 .-a 0 CN C} z^ 4^5 1-1 a .So 0 0 r^ CO co CN OJ CO •HCN co CN 1 0 CO CO CO ■* r» 0 CO 000 o» CO UO •* m 010 05 09 03 CN <* co "1< u s V 6 0 2 5 0 PQ * B 3 -3 0 A "3 O 00 0 0) CH s a a 0 0 co co ^ 0 "S XI rt as 0 0 £ fc fa « fe O w 0 «« 0 6 0 00 • 2 -< 3 •0 « *3 "3 ■*■* a S 1 s >B . *- 2 0000 1 1 ■< H g ■< i •< h O H d 0 0 s a s 0 41 a ; 1 0 a < CO u « 3 "3 U i < 0 a ~ £ 0 C) 1 O CI 1 0 U) 01 ki co fa 3 dJ l-< co fa 0 7 CO V JO T 0 1 « * 0 fa 1 00 fa ^ 2 . 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U) o o a a 03 03 ex tj. o o a a CO CO u to 1- 1- ■o o OO OO OO o OOO OO J o 66 OO OO 0 O FERTILIZERS AND AGRICULTURAL LIME 33 8 c* t^eo o© .iO io-< * * r-t- t^eo r-o 0000 ON eoeo coco 0">b- 0000 "5 CO 00 t~ cn r* CO 00 r>. co hoi iot- t»r» COCO 0000 Oieo •-i'-' •&•-< MO 1Q1Q 00« ooco »-« 00 00 t^co eoq g-« O* SS S« -* * Mrf -no c5(N OO •*00 in-* COt*1 -*iO ** mm «5 OO'* ioco -J<(N *M OHO O* ©h CO »0 CN (-1 OO coco C. oooo S I I coco rt c! o o OO c3 03 P-|Ph >-> t, COCO I I 00 00 lOiO -o -a o o o o J-tP-: OO 1- 1-1 CO r5 ^ 13 5 *>« -- "8 "3 X '/J _2_1 <•< < o ooc ££ O O 00 GO 03 00 00 05 CO _00 JO JO -0T3 i-i t-i 3 3 WW 13 TJ .S.S '3 '2 l- i_ OO a a c o OO CO 00 -OT3 W W 03 03 03 03 .Q.Q .0.0 J2.Q ,fl.Q 3 3 3 3 WW WW 00 00 OO fel-i "-JTJ -Ot3 - ~ ^ i-t 03 03 03 03 .A.D .Q.O X>£> £>£> 3 3 3 3 WW WW 34 CONTROL SERIES No. 109 *Zx\ S tON O00 OCO OO N iO O com 00 tO '-' O COO t>--^ "5 ■<"j| -h co mm to m w* Si 3 CO "S-3 oj « o to Is do *®.3 m 3 S3 >*J bO p'coO fcfe a* ■3 00 iO (Nil oooo •*^ mm on ton oom o© hio T3T3 T3"0 "C"d "d"C "dT3 o3 os .O.Q 3 3 WW 03 03 03 03 XX XX XX XtX 3 3 3 3 WW WW 03 o3 .CO .0.0 3 3 WW 03 03 -O X .CO 3 3 WW T3 -d*d i- KM .O .CO XI XXi 3 3 3 W WW w w -0-d d a 03 03 >- i- «« WW T3T3 -d-d c o oj 03 mm «« cq KS WW W ■cd -d"0 *d FERTILIZERS AND AGRICULTURAL LIME 35 WIN OCO Oh tfjc© ooco cococo r^co "SCO SO CO CO CO 00 b- CO b- Is" M0 CO t-» Oi CO b- CO H H CO H CNGO 00 00 00 — ' t-t*- •*o i-" (on b- coco oo >-h oomco «o«o <-i ffo »o mo ^ 1 *Am 1C NN i>i^ 00 00 00 o •a t3 a a 03 03 mm T3 C 03 m 73 13 03 03 I- t* P5« ■v c 03 m T3T3 1= c o3 03 mm T3T3 a a 03 o3 mm T3T3T3 u 'C u mmm 0 m sc WW w WW w WW WW WWW E "OTJ mm T3 a) T3T3 T3T3 mm is -a T3T3T3 <0 cj C & a c e * 36 CONTROL SERIES No. 109 o * -«eO •>j COON O 00 O) OIM-* moo o» ii in O>00 we* S3 g O t- * EM <3> Ol lO rH »o (N t~00h- t- N i« 00 00 N ©co>-« oo tii w o».-<>o CO CO IM *Ho iO £3 «• ►> i£ 1. >•>• ooo .5 to 1 s 2 o & 0 U 22 0 1 4) X 5 "3 *OT3 o o o o toto •♦J -u C C - a a 6 ubio toto 03 03 05 rt si B O C tjy > OP 1> Q d 5 H ►j,j c -1 MM toto >>>> C3 oS si ci toto OO >> FERTILIZERS AND AGRICULTURAL LIME 37 NCO COO «* no oo ss oo oo NO IN N tO •* •* OO SS OO Tt a> a c MM a.' 0 0 ts « o 3 « 2 08 C OO £ Ph £! opop 0000 00c 3 Q I I ■^ -* Tt< ^t* 01 O 4> 4) o o aa o o Ha o o as to to to to o o aa _— 0> ss .2 o o CC02 o o 5; 00c « § O H 03 03 .O.Q O O too I I to to I I ss a) Z HI fl> QQ ft ft o o Hc-i o £ £& £$ ££ &£ § ££ £ £ £ £ -o-o o o o o -3T3 O O O O 38 CONTROL SERIES No. 109 CHEMICALS AND RAW PRODUCTS. Summary of Results of the Inspection of Unmixed Fertilizers 00 o ».g a> i, o a a> a M) u M 2 Si o c3 aj O «_§ a] 9) T3 "3 a < a 0) V 4> m S ° SJJ3 CPh o 4) 3 O X Ph M a a O o Ph M Pl,Ph P-c ^3 Ph t. Material. o M o "3 — < cog a «j • O S» St «j ®."£ »« • 4> >.2 d -3 l« cj£ g£:a "SE g 0 2° %"o< £ o a ►-_ o % oPh goS 2 < < < «! o flJ s3 a> IN —i 5 U7U3 5 COOi to IN 5 oco T* 3 OO •3 cti a> o T* CO t^ —i mco r-< ^ tN »-i CM o oo t* (NIN r-l r-l CN CD »-i 00 OO rt CNCO -i co oo IN i-i rt .-i co rH rt W (N O CNCN ,H i-l i-l CN i-l l-t N —I 1-t « ^H -< rt CO i-i i-i IN CN-H -H «5 c3 "p. us a ,3 'J C 4> SO 3"H 6% UK o K "3 a u 8 u-3 .2 "5 .2 3 54 <-* o 0 u - <-a ~Q SO 3 C 2 =4 3 U CJ « t. O a> ■Bi J3 v d y 8 * O 54 U 2 2°a «S E 1/ 3 go. < qM ■a a 3Q 8-3 Six 43 « " cu •a = S C o £ 2 o §U U 5^ E§ U 53 wis A0'3 H* -3: 5Q £» B ^"2 la "Si 35 • c.3 83 w^ a C o_c £ en m O 54 53 = ££ into o o •01.54 "3 "3 c 9 |-2 « a Es cv a a*3 FERTILIZERS AND AGRICULTURAL LIME 47 COM 00 CO OH (OO .-ICN e coo 00 cs r~co .2 •> H 0 pa] 3 a 2 3 o opqeL, e< » » IOCN U O 3 SOU, C T3-3 ££ ■§££ Ess — m oj 2% E£ SP3 r4 r-l > d a** as. « 3 3W -2 .-< °;3 ° d8" «3 "o o I a O 3 11 Is z 48 CONTROL SERIES No. 109 Miscellaneous Fertilizer Materials Cotton Hull Ashes and Wood Ashes Brand Water Soluble Potash Chlorine Found Guaran- teed J W. Joynt Old Deerfield Fertilizer Co., Inc. Cotton Hull Ashes Wood Ashes . Cotton Hull Ashes 30% 29.14 5.06 31.46 25.00 3.00 30.00 2.96 .30 3.64 Sample Showing Commercial Shortage of More than $1 per Ton Eastern States Farmers' Exchange Cotton Hull Ash 36.94a 38.00 2.84 a Commercial shortage $1.14 per ton. Commercial Peat Products Moisture Organic Matter Acid Insoluble Ash Nitrogen Found Guaran- teed L. H. Brague Hinsdale Leafmold (Soil-Co) Florida Humus Co. Florida Humus .... 60.00 25.25 35.75 69.40 3.30 2.40 .68 2.49 .50 2.00 AGRICULTURAL LIME PRODUCTS Manufacturers and Brands During 1941, 20 firms registered for sale in Massachusetts 42 brands of lime products, manufactured and sold for neutralizing acid soils, two brands of gypsum, and one brand of agricultural talc. The products are grouped as follows: Hydrated or slaked lime Pulverized and ground limestone Lime ashes .... Total Gypsum Talc . 24 17 1 42 2 1 The analytical results which appear in this bulletin represent officially drawn samples secured by the same sampling agents who drew the samples of commercial fertilizer which served for the inspection of that commodity; the samples there- fore came from every section of the state and are, we believe, representative of the lime products sold in Massachusetts as soil amendments. We were not successful in securing samples of the following brands: Brewer & Co., Inc., 45 Arctic Street, Worcester, Mass. Lime Kiln Ashes FERTILIZERS AND AGRICULTURAL LIME 49 Connecticut Adamant Plaster Co., 10 River Street, New Haven, Conn. Nova Scotia Brand Land Plaster Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Springfield, Mass. Eastern States Land Lime L. A. Howard Talc Co., Proctorsville, Vt. Howard's Agricultural Talc Limestone Products, Corporation of North America, Newton, N. J. "Lime Crest" Brand Calcite Hydrated Lime for Agricultural Use New England Lime Co., Adams, Mass. Nelco Agricultural Hydrated Lime (Adams) Solvay Process Co., Syracuse, N. Y. Solvay Pulverized Limestone United States Gypsum Co., 300 West Adams Street, Chicago, 111. USG Agricultural Hydrated Lime Variations and Deficiencies Found in the Composition of Lime Products Of the lime products effective in neutralizing soil acidity, about 84 per cent of those analyzed fully met the minimum guarantee; of the 22 ground limestone products, 8 showed deficiencies. Most of the deficiencies were not of a serious nature as the companion ingredient was present in sufficient excess to more than make up the full neutralizing value of the product as based on the stated guarantee. The same may be said of the hydrated lime products where only 2 out of 22 samples, about 9 per cent, showed deficiencies. The tables of analyses show the extent of variations from the guaranteed composition. Explanation of Tables of Analyses Tables I, II, III, "Neutralizing value expressed in terms of calcium oxide" represents the acid neutralizing value of both the magnesium and the calcium. The figures in the "per cent" column are obtained by a direct titration with standard acid. The "pounds in one ton" are secured by multiplying the figures in the "per cent" column by 20. "Insoluble matter" represents material which is insoluble in dilute hydro- chloric acid to which a few drops of nitric acid have been added, and is mainly sand. Tables II and III, "Carbonates of calcium and magnesium." The figures in this column are exclusive of the small amounts of calcium and magnesium com- bined as basic silicates; these are readily soluble in mineral acid solutions but obviously should not be classed as carbonates. Under "Mechanical analysis" the figures represent in round numbers the per- centage of product that would pass or be retained by the meshed sieves men- tioned. The limestone products have been published in two groups or grades (see tables II and III) according to fineness of grinding and to conform to definitions voted by the Association of Official Agricultural Chemists at their 1936 meeting. 50 CONTROL SERIES No. 109 •2£ "3 03 P S H J s a 5 o 5 3 S " ■< to 3 P 0, t, H X § .2 a £3 0> n°0 tOlOCOCM CM i-i NMN-< CMCO MM^M O0Q0 t^iT2 — BO P M sS S >> CM .-< •-I coco CM i-l i-i il CMCMt- PO oo "H to co r^ to a «^-- 2 3 rM3^- a.Sg-cl wo!.SmK U o "g o. w c 3 ft S 4! O O L. P t >i d d JjOPuccco ea £ OJ V C a o3 5 u ■- «dd - cj oj bC be »«.o3 rt SCOCO ^dd « ~ cot; ra- ce * 0 s s.S -- .t3 IB d O C3 K8 c O ■0 c 5 O s a' as 5| &M ffiW £E3 = £*> u£g S 03 g PS Co ~ 2 a B ^£ gs .2=5 : "«0< y d to Si . O 0) g*T3T3 O "S «-OT3 3 3 1 C d d1" FERTILIZERS AND AGRICULTURAL LIME 51 *# HlO COIN (0 (NOO COIN CM © — in ©o •fN CO-* > OK a 2s w u C W t>C c3 Boo Z C : to o . ft » c — UJT) S S"S 3 0 h. ft— >> ft2" «'n-o •W M CD Uoo 52 CONTROL SERIES No. 109 en 0 oo co co co o Tj. Nt^OO ««0 *■* &. M o >* •o lO 050 ©COiO OiO 'OiOO 9 H 00 CO CN CN CNCTi ON© ©00 ,-iO© 9 ^ f Bab z B5 CO •* CO CN rt T-HO--I rt •-ICOCO s a ■as d o ah CO o t~ CO t)«iO OOiON OCN t^CN — I O GO fc. Q as ai S 2 1 §° N co t~ O OOO lO-Hirj 00 OJ 00>O00 © p © o ■"i*-! Hl-41-J H H HHO_ rt •"■ 1-1 ""■^ rtHH l-lrt H1Hrt 00 o •* o OCO ©coco •* o> CO com ^■S lO o 00 00 CMCN C5t~00 ■*o coio © o a to,? co CO CO oj moi b-'iOt^ flioi OlSf wO •o o •Q ■"*" •CO OiCO io»o iCOiO > ■Si 2 * CO o O o oo oo© oo oo© o o © o o o d CO-* COt^ OO© CNN'* oo 00 00 OO© og o o O 3 05 0> 05 Oi C7) O>0> 5»§ 211 o G o •a 9 OJ s tCCN ■-Ht~C0 00-* ooo co m J ■< o 00 N r-ct>. 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CO 3 u3a 3 • • ■ u 5 PS . . . or33 * CO 00 CO 0-UT3-0 O 2 £ g ojOOO fl CO 00 CO — a a c M O O O fan » la CO 0) CO 00 00 a . . s X • • "3 to . ■ 3 • ■ 09 CO CO 6££ a <* ■0^=3 oo 8.2:5 S S| 1 1 d§22 al.il O 55 — co 21 et: O a] U 03 0: 4) 1- fl 05 OS Q h b C3 ti M OSES ^^^^ « c c c * 3 3 3 bOO c«2 « 09 ju ji> • 23 0 3 3 3 J5 o o o a C ^ h |2 s 1 2 o SI CO 0 co il fl o o \zz *0 U L. L4 coco ■w &£ b£ bfi "Sooo §o §w g< grtrtoS fl&pp a s J 3 z A Q p FERTILIZERS AND AGRICULTURAL LIME 53 S "g Cs ,_, CN t^Tf OS 52? a < « 7 ~ L CM CD 01 00 co>o CO oil o ° -* co - = o o e c *rt' J3 fe = s CO cso o ooo 00 oo OS CM o — 1CN CO © oo C5 LOO) oo CO £ -d ■* r^t~ CO t^ t^ t~ o •-i ■ K 0 J h £ « H Z & •< lO .1 oo o lOO US — ' CN CM 00 CON. CO 6 c do O rtrt CO IH § LIZING PRESSED US OF Oxide .3 « su o _ p c:oo ■# —IT}. o cm IN INO) lO C3t^ r» O qq o *~1^ o o CH Sim rH — 1-4 ^H ^^ •^ ~ " 3S\ « s «H B 0 0 H^ 5 CO CS '0 00 CN Tf O <-" t2 OS TTCO lr» «5N •o « E> J5 >J z< o © fl far". d d CM dod co o o u5 itt o 'O »o o o > h •LT3 o o o oo « < 5 H _ 73 a 2 o o o oo o d 1 1 d coco 1 °g cs CS OS O o 0 B J < K <5< T3 ,H 00 t f o ooo t^ o CO c^ -r IN CM CO M 00 t^t^ ■* t^00 co OS oo 00 00 OS OS 05 OS I "O o o oo o c o o !: « o © o o oo o 2 *) 3 ~ CO od O 3 IN (NCI CM IN o 8 *< 2 o w eS ■6 CO -# OX 00 00 00 o o 04 l^t~ 00 CM CM oo o o t^ CO N ■H fH o CM CM CM §2 o o oo o OO o o o oo '0 OO o .6 5 °1 d ■* oo rt oo d OS CO CO coco "3 coco CO £o O T3 o CO CO 00 O COf~ OS . IN CO o »c o t~ CM t^ — iO os — O fa ■o< coco LO coco CO ,^ CD CO CO a ■ft a • ■ s C3 p, c . .CM E 53 . 0 4ri c Q Z a) . c co 0 . - ° CO "c ■< a m o 00 g so 09 ■ K 0 § «J . 0. « . n O.g 03 s a 'co c a a .H .Oo « — _ & a < 4>"c3 s • o Sic s S § si1 « P a o.--~ nW^ C 0. OJ •2---- *^ 0/ CD « > > OD 2 • J= H Ji o ».2 — E > o o S 03 o CO o E 5 3 Bob -1 afc ^ as u o X s u 54 CONTROL SERIES No. 109 Table IV. Gypsum or Land Plaster Name of Manufacturer and Brand Calcium Oxide (CaO) Calcium Sulfate (CaS04) Found Guaran- teed Found Guaran- teed United States Gypsum Co., 300 West Adams St., Chicago, 111. USG Ben Franklin Agricultural Gypsum 32.92 30.00 72.91 64.50 1.5.13 DIRECTORY OF MANUFACTURERS WHO REGISTERED FERTILIZERS FOR SALE IN MASSACHUSETTS IN 1941 Acme Guano Co., 310 Marine Bank Bldg., Baltimore, Md. Agricultural Laboratories, Inc., Columbus, Ohio Agro-Chem Laboratories, Inc., 1852 Georgia Ave., Toledo, Ohio American Agricultural Chemical Co., North Weymouth, Mass. American Cyanamid Co., 30 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N. Y. American Potash & Chemical Corporation, Trona, Cal. Apothecaries Hall Co., Waterbury, Conn. Archer-Daniels-Midland Co., 600 Roanoke Bldg., Minneapolis, Minn. Armour Fertilizer Works, 80 Eighth Ave., New York. N. Y. Ashcraft-Wilkinson Co., 601 Trust Company of Georgia Bldg., Atlanta, Ga. Atkins & Durbrow, Inc., 165 John St., New York, N. Y. Ernest J. Bantle, 130 Griswold St., Glastonbury, Conn. Barrett Co., 40 Rector St., New York, N. Y. F. A. Bartlett Tree Expert Co., Inc., 60 Canal St., Stamford, Conn. Baugh & Sons Co., 20 South Delaware Ave., Philadelphia, Penn. Belmont Gardens, W. E. Lenk, Proprietor, 170 Brighton St., Belmont, Mass. Berkshire Chemical Co., 92 Howard Ave., Bridgeport, Conn. L. H. Brague, 52 Bartlett Ave., Pittsfield, Mass. Joseph Breck & Sons Corporation, 85 State St., Boston, Mass. Brewer Tree Expert Co., 390 Main St., Worcester, Mass. Buell Fertilizer Co., Exeter, N. H. W. Atlee Burpee Co., 18th St. and Hunting Park Ave., Philadelphia, Penn. Central Soya Co., Inc., Ft. Wayne, Ind. Chilean Nitrate Sales Corporation, 120 Broadway, New York, N. Y. Collins Seed Service Co., 131 Beverly St., Boston, Mass. Comfort Manufacturing Co., 500 South Throop St., Chicago, 111. Consolidated Chemical Industries, Inc., 630 Fifth Ave., New York N. Y. Consolidated Rendering Co., 178 Atlantic Ave.. Boston, Mass. Davey Tree Expert Co., Kent, Ohio Davison Chemical Corporation, Rouse Bldg., Baltimore, Md. E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Inc., Wilmington, Del. Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Springfield, Mass Ellis Chemicals, Inc., 92 Greenwood Ave., Montclair, N. J. Thomas W. Emerson Co., 215 State St., Boston, Mass. Excell Laboratories, 2625 Indiana Ave., Chicago, 111. Florida Humus Co., Zellwood, Fla. Ford Motor Co., 3674 Schaefer Road, Dearborn, Mich. H. L. Frost & Higgins Co., 20 Mill St., Arlington, Mass. Garden Hose Spray Co., Inc., 89 Broadway, Cambridge, Mass. Glendale Poultry Farm, Somerset, Mass. Glidden Co., Soya Products Division, 5165 West Moffat St., Chica-'O, 111. Goulard & Olena, Inc., 140 Liberty St., New York, N. Y. Greenlands Services, Inc., Eastman St., Concord, N. H. Thomas J. Grey Co., 16 South Market St., Boston, Mass. Hartney-Amalia, Inc., 581 Boylston St., Boston, Mass. Henderson & Herndon Tree Co., Inc., 9 Story Ave., Beverly, Mass. FERTILIZERS AND AGRICULTURAL LIME 55 Hixon Tree Co., Segreganset, Mass. A. H. Hoffman, Inc., Landisville, Penn. Humphreys-Godwin Co., Memphis, Term. A. W. Hunt, Weston, Mass. Hydroponic Chemical Co., Inc., 315 West 39th St., New York, N. Y. Hy-Trous Corporation, 376 Washington Ave., Maiden, Mass. Insecticide Corporation of America, 326 Commercial St., Maiden, Mass. International Agricultural Corporation, Woburn, Mass. J. W. Joynt, Lucknow, Ontario, Canada Kem Laboratories, Arnot St. and Mercer PI., Lodi, N. J. L. B. Lovitt & Co., Memphis, Tenn. John D. Lyon, Inc., 17 Bartlett Ave., Belmont, Mass. McClain Brothers Co., Canton, Ohio „,.,,,.. ™ Mechling Bros. Chemicals, Division of General Chemical Co., 12 South 12th St., Philadelphia, Penn. Middlesex County Farm Bureau Association, 131 Lexington St., Waltham, Mass. Miller Chemical & Fertilizer Corporation, 1000 South Caroline St., Baltimore, Md. National Lead Co., Atlantic Branch, 111 Broadway, New York, N. Y. National Plant Foods, Inc., Cranbury, N. J. New England Toro Co., 1121 Washington St., West Newton, Mass. New England Tree Expert Co., Inc., 539 Smithfield Ave., Pawtucket, R. I. Norwood Brand Fertilizer Co., Park St., North Reading, Mass. Old Deerfield Fertilizer Co., Inc., South Deerfield, Mass. Olds & Whipple, Inc., 168 State St., Hartford, Conn. Organo, Inc., 617 Concord Ave., Cambridge, Mass. F. G. Phillips Co., 37 Circuit Road, Dedham, Mass. Plantabbs Co., Baltimore, Md. Plantspur Products Co., Ridgefield, N. J. Premier Poultry Manure Division, North American Car Corporation, 327 South La balle St., Chicago, 111. Pulverized Manure Co., 503 Exchange Bldg., Union Stock Yards, Chicago, 111. Ramshorn Mills, Inc., West Millbury, Mass. Ra-Pid-Gro Corporation, 88 Ossian St., Dansville, N. Y. John Reardon & Sons Division of Wilson & Co., Inc., 51 Waverly St., Cambridge. Mass. Rogers & Hubbard Co., Portland, Conn. William H. Rorer, Inc., 254 South 4th St., Philadelphia, Penn. N. Roy & Son, South Attleboro, Mass. Ruhm Phosphate & Chemical Co., Mt. Pleasant, Tenn. James A. Sawyer, 8 Washington St., North Easton, Mass. O. M. Scott & Sons Co., Marysville, Ohio Sewerage Commission of the City of Milwaukee, P. O. Box 2079. Milwaukee, Wis. A. E. Staley Manufacturing Co., Decatur, 111. Standard Wholesale Phosphate & Acid Works, Inc., 1600 Mercantile Trust Bldg., Baltimore. Md. Swift & Company Fertilizer Works, 910 Court Square Bldg., Baltimore, Md. F. Sylvester & Son, 86 Baxter St., Melrose, Mass. Tennessee Corporation, Lockland, Ohio Universal Chemical Co., 106 Ontario St., Lynn, Mass. Virginia-Carolina Chemical Corporation, Carteret, N. J. Walker-Gordon Laboratory Co., Inc., Plainsboro, N. J. C. P. Washburn Co., Middleboro, Mass. Winslow Nurseries, Great Plain Ave., Needham, Mass. Wirthmore Retail Stores, Greenfield, Mass. Woodard Bros., Greenfield, Mass. Woodruff Fertilizer Works, Inc., Orange, Conn. Publication of this Document Approved by Commission on Administration and Finance. 3m- 11-4 1-7886 MASSACHUSETTS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION Control Series Bulletin No. 110 October, 1941 Inspection of Commercial Feedstuffs By Philip H. Smith This is the forty-seventh report of feeding stuffs inspection and presents the results of analysis of 1,744 samples of feeding stuffs intended for livestock and poultry consumption, collected during the year ending September 1, 1941. MASSACHUSETTS STATE COLLEGE AMHERST, MASS. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS By Philip H. Smith1 This bulletin is a record of the work accomplished in checking the sales of commercial feeding stuffs in Massachusetts against the requirements of the Feeding Stuffs Act. It is simply that and nothing more. While it is true that one feed may prove superior to another containing identical amounts of protein, fat, and fiber, it is also true that no adequate methods have been devised that can be used in the laboratory in the handling of a large number of feed samples for the determination of quality factors other than those required by the present guarantee. Such methods if they exist at all are usually slow and cumbersome and if used would limit the work to a very few samples of feed, while the law states explicitly that every brand of feed registered shall be examined annually. The value of a feed depends not only upon its protein, fat, fiber, ash, and in- gredient content, but also upon the kind and quality of the protein, fat, fiber, and ash, the quality of the ingredients, the vitamin content, and quite possibly upon other factors not now recognized. While it is true that feeding stuffs legislation as it now exists on the statute books of the various states has decided limitations, it is equally true that the information now required in the guarantee is of importance to the prospective purchaser. Recognizing the limitations of present feeding stuffs law, an attempt will be made at the next session of the Legislature to bring the act more nearly up to date and to couch the act in such terms as to allow the enforcing official to keep pace with scientific progress in advisable guarantee requirements without future amendment of the law. Through long experience a feed control official will come to understand that the names of certain manufacturers when attached to a sack of feed are in them- selves a guarantee of quality. Any further information is extraneous. Such manufacturers maintain their own laboratories and experimental farms and utilize in the making of their products new scientific discoveries as they come to light. It is to be regretted that others not so ethical in their conduct continue in business. To date (September 1, 1941) 1,311 brands of feeding stuffs have been registered for sale in Massachusetts for the current year. The intention is to collect at least one sample of each feed registered, which has not proved possible. It is believed, however, that the feeds herein reported represent the greater part of the tonnage sold. In addition, this report includes the assay of 12 samples of vitamin feeding oil and the analysis of nine samples of feeding molasses. 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I- cO-C mmmuo .2.2.2 cO cO co -,"< oo MS -Ct3 a ^ >.>.>> CN-0 . J3 -Q ^fa p {■oxi^. : : : -*iic» S2Sm5J2oS OJlurh CuCO COcOcOcOcOcOcOcOcOcOcOcOcOcOcOcOcOcOcOcOcOcOcOcO ^cuOcucucucucucucucucJcijcucucL'CucLicucucuaJcVcucucucu cu^cucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucucu J.2J2J3J2J3J2.5.H.H.2J3.3.5.2.3.3.H.2.2.3.3.3 iSSSSSSSSS5SSSSSSS5SSSS is ■a 1) CB-S a ■y k. CO CO CD CO alts •> aJ-O i- bj * eg a c3 co — . ^(^w^fOr-^tfifO^^^fOCSfOM^fO^f^rSfN^- ~H INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 31 \0 »-< 00 Oy O* ^ O* ^ ■>* \0 t~ Ov «^- >rt 1 1 ooooooo OiniO'ONino o t»5 1 1 Ol o» CM 00 t— Ci f> •* \o ■& m >o ■* oo r- o* t- o >o ts 00 ** m 1/3 *o ^ »o ^ OO CN 00 OO 0»/)»0 o o U-) -* Tf Tf* ■<* «* ■O00 NHO\0>MO\tO OO ©OOi/lO'O© rr* in cs m ^ ^h -^* on 00 «~ ►"•SE fib. =5 ■as-g a. 5 .2 •3.2.2.2 « Mfirt >- *j a eve c a aJ » o o >- «) 2 C — < i- u. i- t- U — . >,„, ^ .2<2ajo £ m a, On a, a* On ^ 55 3 3 tN»< «S(N . (J «J 3c Is .Su £u aft, Ph"1 b Geo. Q Moon & Co., Inc. Moon's Complete Laying Mash . Moon's Stock Feed Jas. F. Morse & Co. Morse's 50% Meat & Bone Scraps National Lead Co., and John T. Lewis & Bros. Co 32% Old Process Linseed Meal . . . . New England Retail Grain Dealers Cooperative Association, Inc. New England Quality Fitting Ration Pecos Valley Alfalfa Mill Co. Velvet Brand Alfalfa Meal .... Maurice Pincoffs Co. Pinco Brand 43% Protein Cotton Seed Meal Quaker Oats Co. Ful-O-Pep Laying Mash .... Quaker 2470 Protein Dairy Feed Quaker 20% Protein Dairy Feed Quaker 16% Protein Dairy Feed Saunders Mills, Inc. Alfalfa Leaf Meal Velvet Brand 20 Alfalfa Meal Schoeneck Farms, Inc. Schoenecks Super-Green Dehydrated Alfalfa Meal Joseph E. Seagram & Sons, Inc. Seagram's Corn Distillers Dried Grains Stratton & Co. Stratton's "24" Stock Feed .... Tremaine Alfalfa Ranch & Milling Co., Inc. Arizona Brand Alfalfa Leaf Meal Tremaine Brand Alfalfa Meal Jacob Trinley & Sons Limerick Stock Feed Unity Feeds, Inc. Unity Stock Feed Arthur Ventura Grain Co. Every Day Dairy Ventura Grower Ventura Laying Mash H. K. Webster Co. Blue Seal "18" Dairy Ration Blue Seal Fleshing Pellets .... Blue Seal Laying Mash .... Blue Seal Stock Feed Blue Seal Succulent Feed .... J. Younge Grain Co. Peko Malt Sprouts 2.1 1.2 15 11 2.7 ! 1 2.2 1 5 1 4 4.2 3.3 3.5 1.7 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.9 3.1 1.4 4.9 7.8 6.0 3.0 1.7 2.1 3.0 2.2 1.0 1.2 1.8 1.3 34 CONTROL BULLETIN No. 110 CERTIFIED INGREDIENTS Allied Mills, Inc. Economy 20% Dairy Feed ...... Soybean oil meal, cottonseed meal, yellow corn meal, corn distillers dried grains, brewers dried grains, corn gluten feed, ground oats, wheat bran, cane molasses, 1.5% ground lime- stone, 0.03% steamed bone meal, 0.03% iron oxide. 1% iodized salt. Sugarine 20% Dairy Feed Corn distillers' dried grains, brewers' dried grains, soybean oil meal, corn gluten feed, cotton- seed meal, corn meal, wheat bran, ground corn and wheat screenings, oat mill feed (oat hulls, oat shorts, oat middlings), cane molasses, 1.5% ground limestone, 0.3% steamed bone meal, 0.03% iron oxide, 1% iodized salt. Wayne All Mash Poultry Ration Animal liver meal, riboflavin concentrate, fish meal, dried skimmed milk, dehydrated alfalfa meal, soybean oil meal, meat scraps, corn gluten meal, wheat standard middlings, corn gluten feed, fine ground oats, wheat bran, yellow corn meal, 0.05% manganese sulphate, 3.6% ground limestone, 0.05% iron oxide, 0.25% iodized salt, fortified sardine oil. Wayne Chick Starter Animal liver meal, riboflavin concentrate, fish meal, dried skimmed milk, dehydrated alfalfa meal, soybean oil meal, meat scraps, corn gluten meal, wheat standard middlings, fine ground oats, wheat bran, yellow corn meal, 0.03% manganese sulphate, 1.8% ground limestone, 0.03% iron oxide, 0.15% iodized salt, fortified sardine oil. Wayne Chick and Broiler Ration Animal liver meal, riboflavin concentrate, fish meal, dried skimmed milk, dehydrated alfalfa meal, soybean oil meal, meat scraps, corn gluten meal, wheat standard middlings, fine ground oats, wheat bran, yellow corn meal, 0.03% manganese sulphate, 1.8% ground limestone, 0.03% iron oxide, 0.15% iodized salt, fortified sardine oil. Wayne Egg & Breeder Mash Animal liver meal, riboflavin concentrate, fish meal, dried skimmed milk, dehydrated alfalfa meal, soybean oil meal, meat scraps, corn gluten meal, wheat standard middlings, corn gluten feed, fine ground oats, wheat bran, yellow corn meal, 0.04% manganese sulphate, 2.7% ground limestone, 0.04% iron oxide, 0.2% iodized salt, fortified sardine oil. Wayne Flushing Mash Dried whey, fish meal, soybean oil meal, meat scraps, wheat standard middlings, wheat bran, yellow corn meal, 0.03% manganese sulphate, 1.8% ground limestone, 0.03% iron oxide, 0.15% iodized salt. Wayne Growing Mash Animal liver meal, riboflavin concentrate, fish meal, dried skimmed milk, dehydrated alfalfa meal, soybean oil meal, meat scraps, corn gluten meal, wheat standard middlings, fine ground oats, wheat bran, yellow corn meal, 0.04% manganese sulphate, 2.7% ground limestone, 0.04% iron oxide, 0.2% iodized salt, fortified sardine oil. Wayne Laying Mash Fish meal, dried skimmed milk, dehydrated alfalfa meal, soybean oil meal, meat scraps, corn gluten meal, wheat standard middlings, corn gluten feed, fine ground oats, wheat bran, yellow corn meal, 0.04% manganese sulphate, 2.7% ground limestone, 0.04% iron oxide, 0.2% iodized salt, fortified sardine oil. Wayne 26% Mash Supplement Animal liver meal, riboflavin concentrate, fish meal, dried skimmed milk, dehydrated alfalfa meal, soybean oil meal, meat scraps, corn gluten meal, wheat standard middlings, corn gluten feed, wheat bran, 0.06% manganese sulphate, 4.5% ground limestone, 0.06% iron oxide, 0.3% iodized salt, fortified sardine oil. Wayne Poultry Developer Fish meal, dried skimmed milk, dehydrated alfalfa meal, soybean oil meal, meat scraps, corn gluten meal, wheat standard middlings, fine ground oats, wheat bran, yellow corn meal, 0.04% manganese sulphate, 2.7% ground limestone, 0.04% iron oxide, 0.2% iodized salt. Wayne Turkey Growing Mash Animal liver meal, riboflavin concentrate, fish meal, dried skimmed milk, dehydrated alfalfa meal, soybean oil meal, meat scraps, corn gluten meal, wheat standard middlings, fine ground oats, wheat bran, yellow corn meal, 0.04% manganese sulphate, 2.7% ground limestone, 0.04% iron oxide, 0.2% iodized salt, fortified sardine oil. Wayne-Amco 20% Dairy Ration Cottonseed meal, brewers' dried grains, corn distillers' dried grains, ground oats, corn gluten feed, yellow corn meal and hominy meal, soybean oil meal, corn gluten meal, old process linseed oil meal, wheat bran, cane molasses, ground limestone 1.5%, steamed bone meal 0.3%. iron oxide 0.03%, iodized salt 1.0%. A. P. Ames & Co. Ames Complete Cycle Ration Corn meal, wheat middlings, wheat bran, pulverized whole oats, meat scraps, cod fish meal, dried milk, alfalfa leaf meal, calcium carbonate, salt, fortified cod liver oil and manganese sulphate. Ames Egg Mash bh Corn meal, wheat middlings, meat scraps, pulverized whole oats, wheat bran, alfalfa leaf meal, dried milk, cod fish meal, calcium carbonate, salt, fortified cod liver oil and manganese sulphate. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 35 AmeGhX, S inSf fend, or hominy), wheat bran, wheat middlings, linseed meal (and. or soy bean oil meal, and. or cotton seed meal), oat feed, calcium carbonate and salt. Ames Starter & Broiler Ration Corn meal, v meal, cod fis cod liver oil. Co?rfmTal&wheatemiddaHngs. dried skim milk, pulverized whole oats, wheat bran, alfalfa leaf meal, cod fish meal, meat scraps, calcium carbonate, salt, manganese sulphate and fortified Arcady Farms Milling Co. ^"woSedaslcalif molasses, peanut oil meal. o. p. linseed oil meal, soy bean oil meal, corn oil meaO.anima? liver meal fish meal, meat scraps, condensed butterrmlk. corr .gluten feed corn eluten meal, corn meal, wheat bran, wheat flour middlings, dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, Zund oa^. for fied cod liver oil containing 400 units Vitamin D and 3000 units Vitamin A per gram cold pressed wheat germ oil. bone meal. 1% calcium carbonate from limestone, Yi of 1% salt, 1 Yt oz. potassium iodide per ton. ^"wonderia! (SS molasses, peanut oil meal. o. p. linseed oil meal, soy bean oil meal, corn oil meal) animal liver meal, fish meal, meat scraps, condensed buttermilk, oat meal, corn meal, com glute™feedycorn gluten meal, dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, fine ground oats, wheat bran, wheaf flour middlings fortified cod liver oil containing 400 units Vitamin D and 3000 units Vitamin A per gram, cold pressed wheat germ oil. bone meal, 1% calcium carbonate from limestone, Yi of 1% salt, \Yt oz. potassium iodide per ton. Arcadv 24% Formula Production Ration , Wheat bran, hominy feed, o. p. linseed oil meal, ground oats, cottonseed meal, com gluten mea . com gluten feed, distillers corn dried grains, soy bean oil meal, cane molasses, 1% bone meal, 1% calcium carbonate from limestone, 1% salt. Arcadv 20% Open Formula Production Ration . Wheat bran, hominy feed, o. P linseed oil meal ground white oats, corn gluten .feed com gluten meal, cottonseed meal, distillers corn dried grains, cane molasses, 1% bone meal. 1% calcium carbonate from limestone, 1% salt. ArCaCanrmnodieassaes, S^oiMnS o. p. linseed oil meal, soy bean oil meal, corn oil meal. 2% calcium carbonate from limestone, 2% salt. E. W. Bailey & Co. Bai,eSn2gluStPenCi feed^sSbelfon meal, cottonseed meal, wheat standard middlings, wheat bran yellow corn meal, white hominy feed, oat-meal mill by-products (oat middlings, oat hulls, oat shorts), molasses, salt, edible bone meal, calcium carbonate. Ba" ComFgTuTenefe?daiyyelSw com meal, white hominy feed, ground oats wheat standard middlings, wheat bran, linseed oil meal, cottonseed meal, soybean oil meal, salt, calcium carbonate, edible bone meal, cane molasses. Bailey's Pennant Brand Complete Grower „,„„_j h„iff„ Dried skim milk, dried whey, lactoflavin concentrate, fine ground oats, fine ground barley, meat s?raps,Tsh meal, soybean oil meal, wheat standard middlings, wheat bran yellow com meal, dehydrated alfalfa meal, salt, calcium carbonate, charcoal, manganese sulphate, fortified A and D feeding oil. ^tiS^^SS^fl?^™ concentrate, ground oats, ground barley, meat scraps, fish meal, soybean oil meal, wheat standard middlings, wheat bran, yellow corn meal, dehydrated alfalfa meal, salt, calcium carbonate, charcoal, manganese sulphate, fortified A and D feeding oil. '^^^S'r^^f^k^raen, fine ground oats, fine ground barley meat scraps fishmeal blood flour, soybean oil meal, wheat reddog flour, wheat standard middlings, wheat orarT yellow corn meal, corn gluten feed, dehydrated alfalfa meal locust bean meal rice polishings, salt, calcium carbonate, bone meal, charcoal, potassium iodide, manganese sulphate, fortified A and D feeding oil, wheat germ oil. Bailey's Pennant Brand Laying Pellets . . „,„„„j K*rW Dried skim milk, dried whey, lactoflavin concentrate, pulverized oats, fine ground barley, m^t scraps, ™sh meal, soybean oil meal, wheat standard middlings, wheat bran yellow com meal, cane molasses, dehydrated alfalfa meal, salt, calcium carbonate, charcoal, manganese sulphate, fortified A and D feeding oil. Barber & Bennett, Inc. Big Unseedll m^af. s^bean oil meal, cottonseed meal, brewers' dried grains, wheat bran, hominy feed or corn meal, ground screenings from wheat, corn, oats & barley, cane molasses, calcium carbonate, iodized salt. B'g Unseld1.il "S. s'oTbean oil meal, cottonseed meal, brewers' dried grains, wheat bran hominy feed or corn meal, ground heavy barley, ground screenings from wheat, corn, oats & barley, cane molasses, calcium carbonate, iodized salt. 36 CONTROL BULLETIN No. 110 Fort Orange Broiler Mash Dried skim milk, meat scraps, dried whey, alfalfa leaf meal, corn meal, pulverized heavy oats, soybean oil meal, wheat bran (may contain mill run screenings), wheat middlings, cal- cium carbonate, iodized salt, manganese sulphate, fortified cod liver oil containing 3000 USP Vitamin A and 400 AOAC Vitamin D units per gram. Fort Orange 24% Dairy Feed Ground heavy oats, ground heavy barley, hominy feed or corn meal, linseed oil meal, soybean oil meal, cottonseed meal, corn distillers' grains, brewers' dried grains, corn gluten feed, wheat bran (may contain mill run screenings), cane molasses, calcium carbonate, steamed bone meal, iodized salt. Fort Orange 20% Dairy Feed Ground heavy oats, ground heavy barley, hominy feed or corn meal, linseed oil meal, soybean oil meal, cottonseed meal, corn distillers' grains, brewers' dried grains, corn gluten feed, wheat bran (may contain mill run screenings), dried beet pulp, cane molasses, calcium carbonate, steamed bone meal, iodized salt. Fort Orange Golden Test Ration Crushed heavy oats, corn meal or hominy, corn distillers' grains, wheat bran, dried beet pulp, linseed oil meal (pea size), soybean oil meal (pea size), corn gluten feed, cane molasses, steamed bone meal, iodized salt. Fort Orange Laying Mash Dried skim milk, meat scraps, fish meal, dehydrated alfalfa meal, alfalfa leaf meal, corn meal, pulverized heavy oats, ground heavy barley, soybean oil meal, wheat bran (may contain mill run screenings), wheat flour middlings, steamed bone meal, calcium carbonate, iodized salt, manganese sulphate, fortified sardine oil & fortified cod liver oil containing 3000 USP Vitamin A and 400 AOAC Vitamin D units per gram. Beacon Milling Co., Inc. Auburn Dairy Feed Corn gluten feed, old process linseed oil meal, soy bean oil meal, ground oats, corn meal, ground grain screenings, cottonseed meal, wheat bran, ground barley, corn distillers dried grains, feeding molasses, 1% salt, 1% steamed bone meal. Beacon Sweet "24" Old process linseed oil meal, soy bean oil meal, corn gluten meal, cottonseed meal, corn gluten feed, corn distillers dried grains, wheat bran, wheat middlings, ground oats, ground barley, feeding molasses, 1% salt, 1% calcium carbonate, 1% steamed bone meal. Beacon Sweet "20" Old process linseed oil meal, soy bean oil meal, corn distillers dried grains, cottonseed meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, corn gluten meal, corn gluten feed, ground barley, corn meal, ground oats, feeding molasses, 1% salt, 1% steamed bone meal. Beacon "16" Old process linseed oil meal, cottonseed meal, corn distillers dried grains, soy bean oil meal, corn gluten feed, corn meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, crushed oats, ground barley, feed- ing molasses, 1% salt, 1% steamed bone meal. Beacon Battery Growing Ration Dried skimmilk (feeding), liver meal, fish meal, meat scrap, dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, pulverized heavy oats, pulverized heavy barley, wheat bran, wheat flour middlings, corn meal, wheat germ meal, riboflavin concentrate, fine charcoal, Yi% fine salt, fortified cod liver oil, 2% calcium carbonate, anhydrous manganese sulphate 45 p. p.m. Beacon Battery Laying Ration Dried skimmilk (feeding), liver meal, fish meal, meat scrap, dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, pulverized heavy oats, pulverized heavy barley, wheat bran, wheat flour middlings, corn meal, wheat germ meal, riboflavin concentrate, fine charcoal, J^% fine salt, fortified cod liver oil, 2% calcium carbonate, anhydrous manganese sulphate 45 p.p.m. Beacon Breeders Mash Dried skimmilk (feeding), liver meal, meat scrap, fish meal, dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, corn meal, pulverized heavy oats, pulverized heavy barley, wheat bran, wheat flour mid- dlings, wheat germ meal, riboflavin concentrate, fortified cod liver oil, H% fine salt, 3% cal- cium carbonate, anhydrous manganese sulphate 70 p.p.m. Beacon Broiler Feed Dried skimmilk (feeding), liver meal, meat scrap, fish meal, ground yellow corn, pulverized heavy oats, wheat bran, wheat red dog, wheat germ meal, corn gluten meal, dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, riboflavin concentrate, fortified cod liver oil, %Yi% calcium carbonate, H% salt, anhydrous manganese sulphate 35 p.p.m. Beacon C-C Pellets Dried skimmilk (feeding), ground yellow corn, liquid petrolatum, sulphur sublimatum, pul- verized heavy barley, wheat bran, fortified cod liver oil, ^% salt. Beacon Complete Starting Ration Dried skimmilk (feeding), liver meal, meat scrap, fish meal, ground yellow corn, riboflavin concentrate, pulverized heavy oats, wheat bran, wheat red dog, wheat germ meal, corn gluten meal, dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, fortified cod liver oil, 2% calcium carbonate. H% salt, anhydrous manganese sulphate 35 p.p.m. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 37 BeaDnried2lkimmgilk1(af2ding), liver meal, meat scrap, fish meal, pulverized heavy barley ;, pul- verized heavy oats, corn meal, dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal wheat bran, wheat flour mid- dlings wheat germ meal, riboflavin concentrate, fortified cod liver oil, 3% calcium carbonate, Yf/o fine salt, anhydrous manganese sulphate 70 p.p.m. 863 DriS'StamJk'a^ding). liver meal, pulverized heavy oats, pulverized heavy barley de- hydrated alfalfa leaf meal, wheat low grade .flour corn meal, corn oil meal, wheat germ meal riboflavin concentrate, fortified cod liver oil, 2Vt% calcium carbonate, 1% salt, anhydrous manganese sulphate 70 p.p.m. BeaTrieid1skirr?m?lklI(fgeeding), liver meal, fish meal meat scrap, Pulverized heavy oats, com meal, pulverized heavy barley, wheat bran, wheat flour middlings, dehydrated alfalfa leai ? meal, wheat germ meal, riboflavin concentrate, fortified cod liver oil, 2% calcium carbonate, W7o salt, anhydrous manganese sulphate 70 p.p.m. BeaTrie'd2sWmrn>ilkg(£Sing). liver meal, fish meal, meat scrap, corn meal dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, wheat bran, wheat flour middlings, pulverized heavy barley, pulverized heavy oats, wheat germ meal, riboflavin concentrate, fortified cod liver oil. 3% calcium carbonate, H% salt, anhydrous manganese sulphate 70 p.p.m. ^Old proce?s° hJeed°oil meal, cottonseed meal corn distillers dried gr ains soy bean ^Umeal. corn gluten feed, corn meal, wheat bran, crushed oats, crushed barley, feeding molasses. 1% salt, 1% steamed bone meal. 863 Old^S S 3? menal. soy bean oil meal, corn gluten meal, cut alfalfa, crushed barley, cracked corn, crimped oats, feeding molasses, 1% salt. 863 DnrieTdU^rmlMifeedSd liver meal, dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, meat scrap fish meal, wheat bran, wheat flour middlings, wheat red dog. corn gluten meal, soy bean oil meal, pul- verized heavy oats, pulverized heavy barley, corn meal wheat germ meal, riboflavin con- centrate fortified cod liver oil. 4% calcium carbonate. Wo salt, % protozyme (an enzyme supplying product derived from biochemically processed cereals), anhydrous manganese sulphate 70 p.p.m. BeaTrieTdmskkimmnkrtaeeding). liver meal, meat scrap, fish meal, dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, wheat bra" wheat red dog. corn gluten meal, soy bean oil meal P^rized jieavy bar ey^ ground yellow corn, pulverized heavy oats, wheat germ meal, riboflavin concentrate, fortified Sd Uver oil, 3% calcium carbonate, H% salt. 1% protozyme (an enzyme supplying product derived from biochemically processed cereals), anhydrous manganese sulphate 45 p.p.m. CayUOiad process linseed oil meal, cottonseed meal, gluten feed ground oats, ground barley, corn meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, soy bean oil meal, feeding molasses, ground gram screen- ings, 1% salt, 1% steamed bone meal. Berkshire Coal & Grain Co.. Inc. Berk\^atHbranScTuon?ea^ymFettdgluten feed, linseed oil meal, corn meal, ground oats, brewers grain, cane molasses^calcium carbonate and salt. Gr£ WhSfbran. SffiSed meal, corn gluten feed, linseed oil meal, corn meal, ground oats and barley, calcium carbonate and salt. ^Wh^rbran, wh^t* Sings, linseed oil meal, corn meal, fine ground oats, alfalfa meal, meat scraps, bone meal, fish meal, dried skim milk, calcium carbonate, salt. Nopco XX con- centrated cod liver oil. "Gro Fast" Berkshire All Mash Complete Chick Starter and Grower Wheat bran, wheat flour middlings, corn meal, oatmeal, linseed oil meal, alfalfa leaf meal meat scrips! bone meal, dried buttermilk, dried skim milk, calcium carbonate, salt, Nopco XX^ concentrated cod liver oil. Borden Grain Co. BOrdWhea°br7nFwheat middlings, corn meal (or hominy), gluten meal, gluten feed, cottonseed meal soyabean oil meal, linseed oil meal, calcium carbonate, iodine, bone meal, salt. B°rdCorn S wheaforan. wheat middlings, ground oat meal dried milk dried whey, lactoflavin concentrate, alfalfa leaf meal, fish meal, meat scrap, soy bean oil meal, cod liver oil, calcium carbonate, manganese, iodine, salt. """cS. Srwhell San'wf ea^middlings, ground oat meal, alfalfa leaf meal, soy bean oil meal, me™ Tcrap. fish meal, gluten meal, dried milk, dried whey, lactoflavm concentrate, cod liver oil, calcium carbonate, manganese, iodine, bone meal, salt. 38 CONTROL BULLETIN No. 110 George B. Brown Corporation Brown's Dairy Feed Wheat bran, hominy feed, oat feed, cotton seed meal, corn meal, distillers grains, o. p. linseed meal, corn gluten feed, molasses, calcium carbonate, salt, bone meal. Brown's Egg Mash Corn meal, wheat middlings, wheat bran, ground oats, meat scraps, fish meal, dried milk, leaf alfalfa meal, charcoal, calcium carbonate, salt and Nopco XX cod liver oil. Community Feed Stores Community-20 Dairy Ration Corn distillers dried grains, 41% cotton seed meal, soya bean meal, corn gluten feed, hominy or yellow corn meal, pure ground oats, pure wheat bran, molasses, iodized salt, calcium carbon- ate. Community Laying Mash Greenmelk (dehydrated cereal grasses preserved in condensed buttermilk), yellow corn meal, white hominy, pulverized oats, pure wheat bran, gluten feed, wheat middlings, choice meat scraps 50%, pure fish meal, soya bean meal, dried skim milk, alfalfa meal, salt, cod liver oil, oyster shell meal, manganese sulphate, Produlac (yeastified ingredient of corn distillers grains, dried). ltop-20 Dairy Ration 41% Cotton seed meal, soya bean meal, corn gluten feed, hominy or yellow corn meal, Vim oat mill feed, pure wheat bran, corn distillers dried grains, cane molasses, calcium carbonate, Hillton-20 Dairy Ration 41% Cotton oat mill feed iodized salt. Cover Grain & Feed Co. C & P Complete Egg Ration Dried milk, meat scraps, Vitadine, corn meal, wheat bran, pulverized oats, malt flour, hominy feed, wheat middlings, pulverized barley, egg yolk, alfalfa leaf meal, salt, fish meal, calcium carbonate, soy-bean meal, cod liver oil, yeast, potassium iodide. C & P Grade A Laying Mash Dried milk, meat scraps, fish meal, corn meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, pulverized oats, soybean meai, alfalfa leaf meal, linseed meal, Vitadine, salt, calcium carbonate, potassium iodide, and Exadol. C & P Growing Mash Dried milk, meat scraps, fish meal, pulverized oats, corn meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, alfalfa leaf meal, soybean meal, Vitadine, hominy feed, salt, bone meal, potassium iodide, calcium carbonate, and Exadol. C & P Own 20 Dairy Ration Corn meal, gluten feed, salt, ground oats, hominy feed, cotton seed meal, wheat bran, soy- bean meal, wheat middlings, calcium carbonate. C & P Starter & Broiler Ration Dried milk, meat scraps, fish meal, ground hulled oats, soybean meal, corn meal, wheat bran, wheat red dog flour, wheat middlings, pulverized oats, Vitadine, alfalfa leaf meal, salt, bone meal, potassium iodide, calcium carbonate, and Exadol. Chas. M. Cox Co. Energy 20 Dairy Ration Soybean oil meal, cottonseed meal, corn gluten feed, brewers' dried grains, yellow corn meal, hominy feed, ground oats, ground barley, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, cane molasses, calcium carbonate and salt. Hygrade 24 Milk Ration Old process linseed meal, soybean oil meal, cottonseed meal, corn gluten meal, corn gluten feed, brewers' dried grains, yellow corn meal, hominy feed, ground oats, ground barley, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, cane molasses, calcium carbonate and salt. Utility 20 Dairy Ration Old process linseed meal, soybean oil meal, cottonseed meal, corn gluten feed, brewers' dried grains, yellow corn meal, hominy feed, ground oats, ground barley, oat mill feed (oat hulls, oat shorts and oat middlings), wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, cane molasses, calcium carbonate and salt. Wirthmore Breeder Pellets Flavin concentrate, fortified cod liver oil, D-activated animal sterol (Vitamin D), dried skimmed milk, dried whey, liver meal, meat scraps, fish meal, soybean oil meal, dehydrated alfalfa meal, yellow corn meal, ground wheat, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, ground oats, ground barley, calcium carbonate, manganese sulphate and salt. Wirthmore Complete Chick Starter and Broiler Ration Flavin concentrate, fortified cod liver oil, dried skimmed milk, dried whey, meat scraps, fish meal, soybean oil meal, corn gluten meal, dehydrated alfalfa meal, yellow corn meal, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, pulverized oats, ground oat groats, calcium carbonate, manganese sulphate and salt. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 39 Wirthmore 20 Dairy Ration Old process linseed meal, soybean oil meal, cottonseed meal, corn gluten meal, corn gluten feed, corn distillers' dried grains, yellow corn meal, ground oats, ground barley, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, cane molasses, steamed bone meal and salt. Wirthmore 16 Dairy Ration Old process linseed meal, soybean oil meal, corn gluten meal, corn gluten feed, corn distillers' dried grains, yellow corn meal, hominy feed, crimped oats, ground oats, ground barley, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, cane molasses, steamed bone meal, calcium carbonate and salt. Wirthmore Finishing Pellets Dried skimmed milk, meat scraps, soybean oil meal, dehydrated alfalfa meal, yellow corn meal, wheat standard middlings, wheat red dog, pulverized oats, pulverized barley, calcium carbonate and salt. Wirthmore RecordlRation Old process linseed meal, soybean oil meal, corn gluten meal, corn distillers' dried grains, yellow corn meal, hominy feed, crimped oats, ground oats, ground barley, dried beet pulp, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, cane molasses, fish meal, steamed bone meal and salt. Wirthmore Special Broiler Feed Flavin concentrate, fortified cod liver oil, dried skimmed milk, dried whey, meat scraps, soybean oil meal, corn gluten meal, dehydrated alfalfa meal, yellow corn meal, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, ground oats, ground barley, calcium carbonate, manganese sulphate and salt. Wirthmore Special Egg Mash Fortified cod liver oil, D-activated animal sterol (Vitamin D), meat scraps, fish meal, soybean oil meal, corn gluten meal, dehydrated alfalfa meal, yellow corn meal, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, ground oats, ground barley, calcium carbonate, manganese sulphate and salt. Wirthmore Turkey Growing Ration (or Pellets) Flavin concentrate, fortified cod liver oil, D-activated animal sterol (Vitamin D), dried skim- med milk, dried whey, meat scraps, fish meal, soybean oil meal, corn gluten meal, dehydrated alfalfa meal, yellow corn meal, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, ground oats, ground barley, calcium carbonate, manganese sulphate and salt. Dailey Mills, Inc. Dailey's Egg Producer Mash Dried skim milk (feeding), dried whey, cod liver oil, flavin concentrate, fish meal, meat scraps, alfalfa leaf meal, ground whole oats, ground barley, soya bean oil meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, wheat red dog, corn meal, calcium carbonate, linseed oil meal, .0125% manganese sulphate, steamed bone meal, salt. Dailey's 20% Milk Producer Soya bean oil meal, cotton seed meal, corn oil meal, o. p. linseed oil meal, corn distillers' dried grains, ground barley, dried brewers' grains, malt sprouts, babassu oil meal, ground oats, corn meal, hominy feed, corn gluten feed, corn gluten meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, molasses, steamed bone meal, calcium carbonate, iodized salt. Dailey's Special 20% Dairy Ration Corn gluten meal, corn gluten feed, soya bean oil meal, ground barley, cottonseed meal, corn oil meal, brewers' dried grains, babassu oil meal, corn meal, malt sprouts, wheat bran, hominy, wheat middlings, screenings, linseed oil meal, ground oats, molasses, steamed bone meal, calcium carbonate, iodized salt. Dailey's Special Growing Mash Dried skim milk (feeding), dried whey, flavin concentrate, cod liver oil, meat scraps, fish meal, alfalfa leaf meal, corn gluten meal, linseed oil meal, soya bean oil meal, wheat bran, wheat flour middlings, wheat red dog, ground whole oats, ground barley, corn meal, calcium carbonate, .0125% manganese sulphate, salt. Dailey's "Super" 20% Dairy Ration Dried beet pulp, corn meal, hominy, ground barley, crimped oats, soya bean oil meal, o. p. linseed oil meal, corn gluten meal, corn oil meal, corn gluten feed, wheat bran, wheat mid- dlings, iodized salt, cottonseed meal, calcium carbonate, steamed bone meal, molasses. Delaware Mills, Inc. Delaware Complete Egg Mash Cod liver oil, dried skim milk, dried whey, meat scrap, fish meal, dehydrated alfalfa meal, soybean oil meal, corn gluten feed, wheat bran, wheat middlings, corn meal, ground oats, ground barley, ground wheat, calcium carbonate, salt, potassium iodide and manganese. Delaware 16% Growing Mash Vitamin A and D fish oil, dried skim milk, dried whey, meat scrap, corn gluten feed, bone meal, soybean oil meal, dehydrated alfalfa meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, yellow corn meal, ground barley, pulverized oats, calcium carbonate, salt, potassium iodide, manganese. Delaware 19% Laying Mash Vitamin A and D fish oil, dried skim milk, dried whey, meat scrap, bone meal, soybean oil meal, corn gluten feed, dehydrated alfalfa meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, yellow corn meal, ground barley, pulverized oats, linseed oil meal, calcium carbonate, salt, potassium iodide, manganese. 40 CONTROL BULLETIN No. 110 Delaware Starter and Broiler Ration Cod liver oil, dried skim milk, meat scrap, fish meal, bone meal, dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, corn meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, wheat reddog, oatmeal, soybean oil meal, corn gluten feed, calcium carbonate, salt, potassium iodide, manganese, flavin concentrate. Delaware Sweet 20% Dairy Feed Cane molasses, linseed oil meal, corn gluten feed, corn gluten meal, cottonseed meal, soybean oil meal, corn distillers grains, peanut oil meal, babassu oil meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, hominy feed, ground oats, ground barley, calcium carbonate, salt, and potassium iodide. Frank Diauto Diauto's Complete Broiler Ration Pulverized ground oats, feeding oat meal, corn meal, bran, red dog, 50% scraps, dried milk, alfalfa meal, cod liver oil, fish meal, salt, oyster shell meal, soy bean meal, manganese sulphate. Diauto's Complete Laying Ration Meal, bran, flour middlings, ground oats, milk, fish meal, 45% scraps, oyster shell meal, cod liver oil, salt, di-calcium phosphate, ground wheat, feeding oat meal, alfalfa meal, manganese sulphate. Diauto's Dairy Ration Gluten feed, corn meal, ground oats, bran, linseed meal, cotton seed meal, salt, middlings. Diauto's Fancy Chick Growing Mash Bran, middlings, pulverized ground oats, feeding oat meal, 50% scraps, dried milk, oyster shell meal, alfalfa meal, fish meal, salt, cod liver oil, corn meal, manganese sulphate. Diauto's Special Egg Mash Linseed meal, cod liver oil, meal, middlings, ground oats, feeding oat meal, oyster shell meal, 50% scraps, fish meal, milk, soy bean meal, ground barley, alfalfa meal, salt, bran, manganese sulphate. F. Diehl & Son, Inc. Diehl's Dairy Feed Bran, brewers grains, cottonseed meal, gluten, linseed meal, meal or hominy, oat meal mill by-products, ground oats, salt, cattle bone, calcite flour, soya bean. Diehl's Dry Mash Alfalfa, bran, cattle bone, charcoal, diamond gluten, calcite flour, linseed meal, salt, meal, middlings, red dog, fish scraps, meat scraps, ground oats, dried milk, cottonseed, cod Liver oil, soya bean. Dietrich & Gambrill, Inc. All Purpose Complete Ration (or Pellets) Ground corn, pulverized oats, wheat flour middlings, wheat bran, alfalfa leaf meal, dried milk, dried whey, lactoflavin concentrate, meat scrap, fish meal, soybean oil meal, steamed bone meal, 1% calcium carbonate, 1% salt, Vitamin A & D feeding oil, .0002% potassium iodide, .012% manganese sulphate. D & G Breeder Mash (or Pellets) Wheat bran, wheat middlings, yellow corn meal, pulverized oats, alfalfa leaf meal, fish meal, meat scrap, dried milk, dried whey, lactoflavin concentrate, Vitamin A & D feeding oil, 1% salt, .0002% potassium iodide, .012% manganese sulphate, soybean oil meal, 2% calcium carbonate, bone meal. D & G Broiler Mash (or Pellets) Pulverized oats, wheat bran, wheat flour middlings, alfalfa leaf meal, yellow corn meal, fish meal, meat scrap, dried milk, dried whey, lactoflavin concentrate, soybean oil meal, gluten meal, Vitamin A & D feeding oil, bone meal, salt, 1% calcium carbonate, .0002% potassium iodide, .012% manganese sulphate. D & G Fleshing Mash (or Pellets) Soybean oil meal, corn meal, meat scrap, alfalfa meal, pulverized oats, pulverized barley, reddog flour, wheat middlings, corn oil meal, dried milk, dried whey, lactoflavin concentrate, Vitamin A & D feeding oil, bone meal, 1% calcium carbonate, 1% salt, .012% manganese sulphate, .0002% potassium iodide. D ' , calcium carbonate (limestone), 1% iodized salt Purina Chick Growena Riboflavin concentrate, carotene, cod liver oil, sardine oil, meat scrap, fish meal, soy bean oil meal, wheat germ, dried buttermilk, alfalfa meal, corn meal, dried beet pulp, wheat mid- dlings (grey), wheat bran, l}4% calcium carbonate (limestone), Yi% iodized salt. Purina 24% Cow Chow Soy bean oil meal, corn gluten feed, linseed meal, cottonseed meal, distillers' corn dried grains, wheat middlings (standard), wheat bran, corn meal, alfalfa meal, molasses. Minerals: 1% salt (sodium chloride), 2% limestone (calcium carbonate), potassium iodide-0.10 grams per 100 pounds of feed. Purina 20% Cow Chow Soy bean oil meal, corn gluten feed, linseed meal, crushed oats, cottonseed meal, distillers' corn dried grains, wheat middlings (standard), wheat bran, corn meal, alfalfa meal, molasses. Minerals: 1% steamed bone meal (tri-calcium phosphate), 1% salt (sodium chloride), 1% limestone (calcium carbonate), potassium iodide— -0.10 grams per 100 pounds of feed. Purina 18% Cow Chow Soy bean oil meal, cottonseed meal, distillers' corn dried grains, corn gluten feed, crushed oats, corn meal, wheat middlings (standard), alfalfa meal, wheat bran, molasses. Minerals: 1% steamed bone meal (tri-calcium phosphate), 1% salt (sodium chloride), 1% limestone (calcium carbonate), potassium iodide — 0.10 grams per 100 pounds of feed. Purina 16% Cow Chow Soy bean oil meal, corn gluten feed, linseed meal, crushed oats, ground barley, cottonseed meal, distillers' corn dried grains, wheat middlings (standard), wheat bran, corn meal, molasses. Minerals: 1% steamed bone meal (tri-calcium phosphate), 1% salt (sodium chloride), 1% limestone (calcium carbonate), potassium iodide — 0.10 grams per 100 pounds of feed. Purina 14% Cow Chow Crushed oats, distillers' corn dried grains, linseed meal, corn meal, ground barley, soy bean oil meal, wheat middlings (standard), wheat bran, molasses, 2% calcium carbonate (lime- stone), 1% iodized salt. Purina Egg Chow (Complete Ration) Carotene, meat scrap, ground oats, fish meal, soy bean oil meal, alfalfa meal, dried butter- milk, wheat bran, wheat middlings (standard), dried beet pulp, corn meal, ground barley, corn gluten feed, cod liver oil, sardine oil, H% iodized salt, 4.5% calcium carbonate (lime- stone). Purina Family Flock Chow Carotene, meat scrap, soy bean oil meal, alfalfa meal, wheat middlings (standard), wheat bran, corn meal, ground barley, corn gluten feed, dried buttermilk, cod liver oil, sardine oil, 4% calcium carbonate (limestone), J^%, iodized salt. Purina Layena (Complete Ration) Riboflavin concentrate, carotene, cod liver oil, sardine oil, meat scrap, ground oats, fish meal, soy bean oil meal, alfalfa meal, dried buttermilk, wheat middlings (standard), dried beet pulp, corn meal, %% iodized salt, 4% calcium carbonate (limestone). Purina Milk Chow (20%) Soy bean oil meal, corn gluten feed, crushed oats, cottonseed meal, distillers' corn dried grains, wheat middlings (standard), wheat bran, corn meal, alfalfa meal, molasses, 2% calcium carbon- ate (limestone), 1% iodized salt. Purina Turkey-Chicken Fatena Checkers Ground oats, corn meal, ground barley, meat scrap, dried buttermilk, soy bean oil meal, alfalfa meal, wheat middlings (grey), molasses, 1.5% calcium carbonate (limestone), Yt% iodized salt. Purina Turkey Growena Riboflavin concentrate, carotene, meat scrap, fish meal, soy bean oil meal, alfalfa meal, dried buttermilk, ground oats, corn meal, wheat middlings (grey), wheat bran, corn gluten meal, 2% calcium carbonate (limestone), J4% iodized salt. D. F. Riley Riley's 20% Dairy Ration Gluten feed, wheat middlings, linseed oil meal (or soy bean meal), 41% cottonseed meal, wheat bran, dried brewer grains, ground oats, corn meal (or hominy), bone meal, molasses, calcium carbonate and salt. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 55 Roy Grain Co. Roy's Hen Mash Wheat bran, wheat middlings, pulverized oats, yellow corn meal, meat scraps, fish meal, soybean oil meal, dried milk, dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, fortified sardine oil, flavin concen- trate, ground oats, calcium carbonate, salt and manganese sulfate. Roy's Starter and Grower Wheat bran, wheat middlings, pulverized oats, yellow corn meal, meat scraps, fish meal, soybean meal, dried milk, dried whey, dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, fortified sardine oil. flavin concentrate, ground oats, calcium carbonate, salt and manganese sulfate. Ryther & Warren Co. Blue Tag Dairy Ration 41% Cottonseed meal, soy bean oil meal, corn gluten feed, hominy feed (or corn meal), pure wheat bran, wheat middlings, ground oats, corn distillers grains, dried beet pulp, calcium carbonate and salt. Minot Chick Mash Corn meal, pure wheat bran, flour middlings, ground oat meal, meat scraps 50% pro., fish meal 60% pro., powdered milk, alfalfa leaf meal, soy bean meal, shell flour, salt, and fortified cod liver oil. Minot Growing Mash Corn meal, pure bran, wheat middlings, ground oats, ground barley, corn gluten meal, soy bean oil meal, alfalfa leaf meal, meat scraps, fish meal, powdered milk, shell meal, salt and fortified cod liver oil. Minot Milk Egg Mash Corn meal, pure bran, flour middlings, ground oats, meat scraps 50% pro., fish meal 60% pro., alfalfa leaf meal, powdered milk, corn gluten meal, shell flour, salt, and fortified cod liver oil. C. H. Symmes & Co. The Ideal Dairy Ration Wheat middlings, wheat bran, brewers grains, cottonseed meal, linseed meal, gluten meal, gluten feed, corn meal or hominy, molasses, salt, bone meal, calcium carbonate. Estate of Silas Taft Taft Special Dairy Ration Soybean oil meal, cottonseed meal, corn gluten feed, brewers' dried grains, yellow corn meal, hominy feed, ground oats, ground barley, wheat bran, wheat standard middlings, cane mol- asses, calcium carbonate and salt. Tioga Mills, Inc. Tasty Laying Food (Mash or Pellets) Wheat middlings, wheat bran, soybean oil meal, corn meal, pulverized oats, alfalfa leaf meal, meat and bone scrap, vacuum dried fish meal, dried skim milk, cod liver oil, salt, charcoal, potassium iodide, Colloidaltine (a mineral compound composed of calcium carbonate and the phosphates of calcium, iodine, iron, copper, manganese, sulphur, and 12 other rare minerals, all in colloidal form). (Wheat middlings and wheat bran may contain ground screenings not exceeding mill run.) Ti-O-Ga 32% Feed Wheat middlings, cottonseed meal, soybean oil meal, peanut oil meal, o. p. linseed oil meal, palm kernel oil meal, babassu oil meal, brewers dried grains, cane molasses, salt, potassium iodide, Colloidaltine (a mineral compound composed of calcium carbonate and the phosphates of calcium, iodine, iron, copper, manganese, sulphur, and 12 other rare minerals, all in colloidal form). (Wheat middlings may contain ground screenings not exceeding mill run.) Ti-O-Ga E-Gee 20% Dairy Feed Wheat middlings, wheat bran, cottonseed meal, soybean oil meal, peanut oil meal, palm kernel oil meal, babassu oil meal, hominy feed, corn gluten feed, corn distillers grains, brewers dried grains, cane molasses, salt, potassium iodide, Colloidaltine (a mineral compound composed of calcium carbonate and the phosphates of calcium, iodine, iron, copper, manganese, sulphur, and 12 other rare minerals, all in colloidal form). (Wheat bran and wheat middlings may contain ground screenings not exceeding mill run.) Ti-O-Ga Grower (Mash or Pellets) Wheat middlings, wheat bran, soybean oil meal, o. p linseed oil meal, corn meal, ground oats, ground barley, alfalfa leaf meal, meat and bone scrap, liver meal, dried skim milk, cod liver oil, cane molasses, salt, potassium iodide, Colloidaltine (a mineral compound composed of calcium carbonate and the phosphates of calcium, iodine, iron, copper, manganese, sulphur and 12 other rare minerals, all in colloidal form). (Wheat middlings and wheat bran may contain ground screenings not exceeding mill run.) Jacob Trinley & Sons Favorite Laying (Complete) Mash Corn meal, meat scrap, dried milk, soy bean oil meal, wheat bran and middlings, ground oats, gluten, molasses, iodized salt, calcium carbonate, bone meal, alfalfa meal, concentrated cod liver oil, bone charcoal, soluble sulphur, flowers of sulphur, potassium iodide, iron sulphate, copper sulphate, manganese, cobalt, charcoal, oyster shell meal. 56 CONTROL BULLETIN No. 110 Limerick Laying Mash Soy bean oil meal, corn meal, meat scrap, alfalfa meal, ground oats, corn gluten feed, wheat bran, wheat middlings, cane molasses, oyster shell meal, charcoal, bone meal, cod liver oil, iodized salt. Trinley's 24% Dairy Feed Cottonseed meal, linseed oil meal, malt sprouts, corn gluten meal, ground grain screenings, wheat bran, soy bean oil meal, corn distillers dried grains, cane molasses, bone meal, corn meal, iodized salt, calcium carbonate. Trinley's 20% Dairy Feed Corn gluten feed, cottonseed meal, soy bean oil meal, corn meal, linseed oil meal, corn distil- lers dried grains, malt sprouts, ground grain screenings,' brewers dried grains, cane molasses, bone meal, calcium carbonate, wheat bran, iodized salt. United Co-Operative Farmers, Inc. United Farmers Breeder Mash Alfalfa leaf meal, bone meal, buttermilk dried, corn meal, calcium carbonate, fish meal, meat scraps, ground oats, soya bean meal, flour middlings, dried greens buttermilk, bran, salt, cod liver oil, manganese sulfate. United Farmers Egg Mash Corn meal, bran wheat, middlings wheat, gr. oats, meat scraps 50%, fish meal 55%, soya bean meal, alfalfa meal, gluten, oyster shell meal, salt, fortified cod liver oil. United Farmers Grower Corn meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, ground and pulv. oats, meat scraps 50%, soya bean meal, dried cereal grasses and buttermilk, dried skim milk, fish meal 55%, alfalfa meal, calcium carbonate, salt, fortified cod liver oil. United Farmers Layer Corn meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, gr. & pulv. oats, meat scraps 50%, soya bean meal, dried skim milk, cereal grasses and buttermilk, fish meal 55%-60%, alfalfa meal 17%, calcium carbonate, salt, fortified cod liver oil, manganese sulfate. United Farmers Milkmaker Cane molasses, choice yellow hominy, ground oats, standard or pure bran, choice cottonseed 41%, oil meal pure, corn gluten feed, soya bean meal, corn distillers' grains, calcium carbonate, salt. United Farmers Special Starter-Broiler Corn meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, pulv. & gr. oats, meat scraps 50%, soya bean meal, dried cereal grasses and buttermilk, dried skim milk, gluten meal, fish meal, alfalfa meal 17%, calcium carbonate, salt, fortified cod liver oil, manganese sulfate. Unity Feeds, Inc. Paycheck 24% Dairy Ration Distillers dried grains, corn gluten feed, soybean oil meal, linseed oil meal, ground corn, ground oats, wheat and wheat bran processed, cottonseed meal, molasses, calcium carbonate and salt. Paycheck 20%, Dairy Ration Distillers dried grains, corn gluten feed, soybean oil meal, linseed oil meal, wheat and wheat bran processed, cottonseed meal, ground corn, ground oats, molasses, calcium carbonate and salt. Paycheck Laying Mash Dried skimmed milk, flavin concentrate. Vitamin A and D feeding oil, dehydrated alfalfa meal, corn meal, ground wheat, ground oats, ground barley, wheat bran, wheat middlings, fish meal, meat scraps, corn gluten meal, soybean oil meal, calcium carbonate, manganese sulphate and salt. Unity 20% Dairy Ration Corn gluten feed, linseed oil meal, brewers dried grains, soybean oil meal, cottonseed meal, corn gluten meal, distillers dried grains, malt sprouts, wheat bran, wheat middlings, corn meal, ground oats, fish meal, molasses, calcium carbonate and salt. Unity Growing Mash Dried skimmed milk, Vitamin A and D feeding oil, flavin concentrate, dehydrated alfalfa meal, fish meal, meat scraps, corn gluten meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, soybean oil meal, ground oats, ground wheat, ground barley, corn meal, calcium carbonate, manganese sulphate and salt. Unity Laying Mash Dried skimmed milk, flavin concentrate. Vitamin A and D feeding oil, dehydrated alfalfa meal, soybean oil meal, fish meal, meat scraps, corn gluten meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, ground oats, ground barley, ground wheat, corn meal, calcium carbonate, manganese sulphate .Hid salt. Arthur Ventura Grain Co. Every Day Dairy Soy bean oil meal, linseed meal, Buffalo gluten feed, gluten meal, wheat middlings, wheat bran, cottonseed meal, hominy or corn meal, with or without beet pulp, bonemeal, salt, cal- cium carbonate, ground oats. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 57 Ventura Grower Wheat bran, wheat middlings, corn meal, feeding oat meal, pulverized oats, dried skim milk, fish meal, beef scraps, alfalfa leaf meal, calcium carbonate, charcoal, salt, Exadol. Ventura Laying Mash Wheat bran, wheat middlings, corn meal, fish meal, meat scraps, alfalfa leaf meal, dried skim milk, soy bean meal, pulverized oats, feeding oat meal, shell meal, salt, Exadol. Ventura Starter Wheat bran, wheat middlings, corn meal, feeding oat meal, pulverized oats, dried skim milk, fish meal, beef scraps, gluten meal, alfalfa leaf meal, calcium carbonate, charcoal, salt, Exadol. C. P. Washburn Co. "Made Right" Complete Broiler Ration Fortified cod liver oil, whey and dried milk powder, corn meal, bran, middlings, wheat germ, oat meal, high grade meat scraps, fish meal, ground wheat, soya bean meal, gluten, alfalfa leaf meal, molasses, calcium carbonate, charcoal, salt, minerals, iron oxide, iodine, manganese. "Made Right" Complete Layer Fortified cod liver oil, whey and dried milk powder, corn meal, bran, middlings, wheat germ, oat meal, high grade meat scraps, fish meal, ground wheat, soya bean meal, gluten, alfalfa leaf meal, molasses, calcium carbonate, charcoal, salt, minerals, iron oxide, iodine, manganese. "Made Right" 16% Dairy Feed Corn meal, ground oats, cottonseed meal, wheat bran, soya bean meal, gluten, molasses, bone meal, calcium carbonate, salt, brewers grain, manganese, iodine. "Made Right" Dry Mash Corn meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, wheat germ, red dog, 2nd clear flour, gr. oatmeal, linseed oil meal, gluten feed, soya bean meal, ground wheat, meat scraps, fish meal, whey and dried milk powder, alfalfa leaf meal, molasses, charcoal, calcium carbonate, salt, cod liver oil, minerals, iron oxide, iodine, manganese. "Made Right" Special Dairy Corn meal, ground oats, cottonseed meal, linseed oil meal, wheat bran, soya bean meal, gluten, molasses, bone meal, calcium carbonate, salt, brewers grain, manganese, iodine, calcium carbonate, oat feed. "Made Right" Starting and Crowing Feed Corn meal, wheat bran, wheat middlings, wheat germ, gluten meal, oat meal, red dog, 2nd clear flour, meat scraps, gr. wheat, soya bean meal, fish meal, whey and dried milk powder, alfalfa leaf meal, molasses, calcium carbonate, charcoal, salt, cod liver oil, minerals, iron oxide, iodine, manganese. "Made Right" Sweet Dairy Feed Corn meal, ground oats, cottonseed meal, Unseed oil meal, wheat bran, soya bean meal, gluten, molasses, bone meal, calcium carbonate, salt, brewers grain, manganese, iodine, calcium carbonate. Wayne County Grangers Feed Corporation Clyde 20% Dairy Feed Choice cottonseed meal, dried brewers grains, choice malt sprouts, soybean oil meal, pul- verized wheat screenings, corn meal or hominy feed, corn gluten feed, corn distillers dried grains, oat mill feed (oat hulls, oat shorts, oat middlings), wheat bran, molasses, 1% salt, 1% calcium carbonate. Milkproducer 24 % Dairy Feed Corn gluten feed, corn distillers grains, o. p. linseed oil meal, brewers grains, choice cotton- seed meal, wheat bran (may contain screenings), soybean oil meal, hominy feed or corn meal, ground oats, cane molasses, malt sprouts, steamed bone meal, ground limestone, salt. Milkproducer 20% Dairy Feed Corn gluten feed, corn distillers grains, o. p. linseed oil meal, brewers grains, corn meal or hominy feed, ground oats, cottonseed meal, wheat bran (may contain screenings), choice malt sprouts, soybean oil meal, ground limestone, cane molasses, iodized salt, steamed bone meal. Superior 20% Dairy Feed Choice cottonseed meal, o. p. linseed oil meal, corn gluten feed, wheat bran (may contain screenings), whole ground wheat, ground oats, corn meal, corn distillers grains, brewers grains, choice malt sprouts, cane molasses, o. p. soybean oil meal, minerals: iodized salt, bone charcoal, iron sulphate and calcium carbonate. H. K. Webster Co. Blue Seal All-Mash Growing Ration Coarse ground No. 2 yellow corn, fine ground heavy oats, pure wheat bran, wheat flour mid- dlings, high grade meat scraps, high grade fish meal, dried sweet cream buttermilk with rib- oflavin supplement, alfalfa leaf meal, corn gluten meal, P. R. cane molasses, calcium carbonate, salt, fortified A and D feeding oil. Blue Seat Breeder's All Mash Ration Dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, dried sweet cream buttermilk with riboflavin supplement, fortified A and D feeding oil, wheat germ oil, P. R. cane molasses, h. g. meat and liver meals, high grade fish meal, corn gluten meal, No. 2 yellow corn meal, fine ground heavy oats, pure wheat bran, wheat flour middlings, salt, calcium carbonate. 58 CONTROL BULLETIN No. 110 Blue Seal Breeder's Mash Dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, dried skim milk with lactoflavin supplement, fortified cod liver oil, wheat germ oil, h. g. meat and liver meals, high grade fish meal, corn gluten meal, P. R. cane molasses, No. 2 yellow corn meal, pure wheat bran, wheat flour middlings, fine ground heavy oats, ground rolled oats, ground barley, salt, calcium carbonate. Blue Seal Breeder's Laying Mash No. 2 yellow corn meal, pure wheat bran, fine ground heavy oats, high grade meat scraps, high grade fish meal, corn gluten meal, wheat flour middlings, ground barley, P. R. cane molasses, dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, dried sweet cream buttermilk with riboflavin supplement, salt, calcium carbonate, fortified A and D feeding oil. Blue Seal Broiler Ration Dried sweet cream buttermilk with riboflavin supplement, high grade meat scraps, high grade fish meal, alfalfa leaf meal, corn gluten meal, soy bean oil meal, No. 2 yellow corn meal, pure wheat bran, wheat flour middlings, fine ground heavy oats, P. R. cane molasses, calcium carbonate, salt, fortified A and D feeding oil. Blue Seal "20" Dairy Ration Linseed oil meal (crushed cake), soy bean oil meal (pea sized), ground oats, fancy crimped oats, corn oil meal, gluten feed, choice cottonseed meal, hominy feed, dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, wheat bran, corn distillers grains, P. R cane molasses, B. S. mineral mixture (white fish meal, edible bone meal, calcium carbonate, dicalcium phosphate, potassium iodide and salt). Blue Seal "18" Dairy Ration Fancy crimped oats, fancy ground oats, linseed oil meal (crushed cake) soy bean oil meal (pea size), steam rolled barley, hominy feed, wheat bran, corn oil meal, wheat middlings, P. R. cane molasses, B. S. mineral mixture (white fish meal, edible bone meal, calcium carbon- ate, dicalcium phosphate, potassium iodide and salt). Blue Seal "16" Dairy Ration Fancy crimped oats, fancy ground oats, linseed oil mea (crushed cake), soy bean oil meal (pea size), steamed rolled barley, hominy feed, dehydrated alfalfa leaf meal, wheat bran, corn oil meal, gluten feed, corn distillers grains, P. R. cane molasses. B. S. mineral mixture (white fish meal, edible bone meal, calcium carbonate, di-calcium phosphate, potassium iodide and salt). Blue Seal Egg Mash No. 2 yellow corn meal, fine ground heavy oats, pure wheat bran, wheat flour middlings, high grade meat scraps, high grade fish meal, dried sweet cream buttermilk with riboflavin supple- ment, alfalfa leaf meal, P. R. cane molasses, corn gluten meal, calcium carbonate, salt, fortified A and D feeding oil. Blue Seal Fleshing Pellets Yellow corn meal, corn oil meal, ground oat groats, fine ground oats, pure wheat middlings, soy bean oil meal, high grade meat scraps, dried skim milk, P. R. cane molasses, calcium carbonate, salt, fortified cod liver oil. Blue Seal Growing Mash Dried sweet cream buttermilk with riboflavin supplement, high grade meat scraps, high grade fish meal, alfalfa leaf meal, corn gluten meal, soy bean oil meal, No. 2 yellow corn meal, pure wheat bran, wheat flour middlings, fine ground heavy oats, ground barley, P. R. cane mol- asses, calcium carbonate, salt, fortified A and D feeding oil. Blue Seal Horn-Mix 24% Dairy Ration Choice cottonseed meal, soy bean oil meal, corn oil meal, malt sprouts, corn gluten meal, oat feed, wheat bran, hominy feed, peanut skins, germs and meal, linseed oil meal, dried brewers grains, P. R. cane molasses, B. S. mineral mixture (white fish meal, edible bone meal, calcium carbonate, dicalcium phosphate, potassium iodide and salt). Blue Seal Improved All-Mash Ration Coarse ground No. 2 yellow corn, fine ground heavy oats, pure wheat bran, wheat flour mid- dlings, high grade meat scraps, high grade fish meal, dried sweet cream buttermilk with ribo- flavin supplement, alfalfa leaf meal, corn gluten meal, P. R. cane molasses, calcium carbonate, salt, fortified A and D feeding oil. Blue Seal Improved Balanced Ration Old process linseed oil meal, soy bean oil meal, ground oats, malt sprouts, corn gluten meal, choice cottonseed meal, hominy feed, wheat bran, corn distillers grains, dried brewers grains, corn oil meal, P. R. cane molasses, B. S. mineral mixture (white fish meal, edible bone meal, calcium carbonate, dicalcium phosphate, potassium iodide and salt). Blue Seal Turkey Growing Dried sweet cream buttermilk with riboflavin supplement, alfalfa leaf meal, high grade meat scraps, pure wheat bran, wheat flour middlings, No. 2 yellow corn meal, fine ground heavy oats, corn gluten meal, P. R. cane molasses, calcium carbonate, salt, fortified A and D feed- ing oil. Est. M. G. Williams Williams' Balanced Ration Corn meal or hominy, linseed meal, cottonseed meal, ground oats, gluten feed, dried brewers grains, wheat feed, soy bean meal, calcium carbonate, molasses and salt. Williams' Chick Starter Corn meal, bran, middlings, ground oats or ground barley, alfalfa meal, soy bean meal, dried skim milk, meat scraps, fish meal, calcium carbonate, cod liver oil, manganese and salt. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 59 Williams' Growing Mash „mlinH harlev sov bean meal, dried skim milk, ^^^SffSS ES?«S8£ SES£I&.Sft< oil and manganese. Williams' Laying Mash ......j harlev sov bean meal, meat scraps, fish SS. Xl^rarSd^im^S catlX laXnaS.^iver oil and manganese. Stanley Wood Grain Co. Bliss Dairy Ration _ „,„,,. wH.qt hran sovhean oilmeal, linseed oilmeal, wheat ^S&lirrS"£2SPSS ffi^r^^eal. calcium carbonate, (beet pulp). SSe'nS. |,C3 S'y SLSlS^KSdffltai. tUiin. oa.mea.. calcic »*..» salt, manganese sulfate, Produlac distillers grains. ^Xk^ST^^ -It, Manganese sulfate, Produlac distillers grains. flour middlings, salt, calcium carbonate, manganese sulfate. 60 CONTROL BULLETIN No. 110 Assays of Vitamin D Carriers In continuation of the work begun in 1940, assays have been made of a number of feeding oils. The results follow. But one sample fell below its guarantee. The assays reported were made by Leonard R. Parkinson, Jr., technical assistant in the Nutrition Laboratory. Manufacturer and Trade Name Guarantee A.O.A.C. Chick Units per Gram Remarks Apothecaries Hall Co., Waterbury, Conn. Fortified Cod Liver Oil F. E. Booth Co., San Francisco, Cal. Crescent Brand Sardiline .... Borden Co., New York, N. Y. Flaydry"100" Flaydry "120" Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Springfield, Mass. Fortified Sardine Marden-Wild Corp., Boston, Mass. Mardol 400 National Oil Products Co., Inc. Harrison, N. J. Nopco XX Silmo Chemical Co., Vineland, N. J. Silmo XX E. R. Squibb & Sons, New York, N. Y. White Laboratories, Inc., Newark, N. J. Clo-trate Whitmoyer Laboratories, Inc., Myerstown, N. J. Whitmoyer's Cod Liver Oil 400 400 100 120 400 400 85 400 400 400 400 100 Guarantee sustained Guarantee sustained Guarantee sustained Guarantee sustained Guarantee sustained Guarantee not sus- tained. Retested. Guarantee sustained Guarantee sustained Guarantee sustained Guarantee sustaine Guarantee sustained Guarantee sustained The Analysis of Feeding Molasses At the present time molasses is probably the most generally used ingredient of animal feeds. Few dairy and horse feeds are without it and it is occasionally found in poultry rations as well. It is also being used extensively in grass silage. Its value apparently lies in its sugar content, although it may well be that certain vitamins and the ash elements present in small amount should be given some recognition in fixing its worth. A strict interpretation of the Feeding Stuffs Act would require a protein, fat, and fiber guarantee for this product. Such a guarantee for molasses would be meaningless. It is to be regretted that the rigid requirements of the Act cannot be made more flexible in order to permit or make obligatory a guarantee which would reflect the value of such a product. The definition of Feeding Cane Molasses as given by Association of Feed Con- trol officials is "Feeding Cane Molasses is a by-product of the manufacture of cane sugar from cane and shall contain 48 per cent or more of total sugars ex- pressed as invert sugar. Its solution in an equal weight of water shall test not less than 39.75 degrees Brix." In order to learn something more about the composition of molasses than is ordinarily found in reference books, an extended analysis of nine samples found in the Massachusetts markets has been made. The results follow. Their appli- cation and interpretation is left to the feeding expert. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 61 T3 u 00 o o» ^ ^ ^ Oi 2 8 O © O O es O © — >o m © © © .h >o © — oo © f> O* -; 00 — o\©©**©©^©'0 © fO © >o -- \C> © es f* -* oo O "5 © © "> "* <"•< O t*» «S (fl ^ ifl cO* (7> o O N O « ^©cjf-OOOCfNOO©©©^©© (*) (*1 (*) Ifl O tH if) (OOO^^^Oi^OO in 6 ^ "i * ^ tC © © « © vo ©o©©o^©o dlWNOOrfOO'-'StcO iO(S5.«0OO*OOOOio ood ©©(■*©© -•3 £ n £ ^3 6S •S2s« 3** 6? I S 2 6£*S — . X O »1 H 2 3 5i as gg 8233 £ «s te -a 62 CONTROL BULLETIN , No. 110 Directory of Manufacturers Who Registered Feeding Stuffs for Sale in Massachusetts in 1941 Acme- Evans Co., Indianapolis, Ind. Albers Bros. Milling Co., Seattle, Wash. Allied Mills, Inc., Chicago, 111. . . «.*•», ™ v, a . r k i t k American Butter Co., Greenmelk Division, Kansas City, Mo. (Name changed to Cerophyl Lab- oratories, Inc.) _ __ __ American Maize-Products Co., 100 East 42nd St., New York, N. Y. A. P. Ames & Co., 10 Walnut St., Peabody, Mass. Anheuser-Busch, Inc., St. Louis, Mo. . Arcady Farms Milling Co., 223 West Jackson Blvd., Chicago, 111. Archer-Daniels-Midland Co., Minneapolis, Minn. Ashcraft-Wilkinson Co., Atlanta, Ga. (Registered also for Rio Grande Valley Citrus Exchange and Suni-Citrus Products Co.) W E. Atkinson Co., 27 Water St., Newburyport, Mass. E. R. Bacon Grain Co., 177 Milk St., Boston, Mass. E. W. Bailey & Co., Montpelier, Vt. Barber & Bennett, Inc., Albany, N. Y. Beacon Milling Co., Inc., Cayuga, N. Y. Berkshire Coal & Grain Co., Inc., North Adams, Mass. Bisbee Linseed Co., Inc., Amsterdam, N. Y. Blatchford Calf Meal Co., Waukegan, 111. Blatchley & Ballard, Inc., Middletown, Conn. Borden Co., 350 Madison Ave., New York, N. Y. Borden Grain Co., West Water St., Taunton, Mass. .,_.,_.„ , XT „. . , A. H. Brown & Bros., Boston, Mass. (Registered by Melhn's Food Co. of North America.) George B. Brown Corporation, Ipswich, Mass. Buckeye Cotton Oil Co., Cincinnati, Ohio C. W. Burckhalter, Inc., 156 Franklin St., New York, N. Y. a! B. Caple Co., Toledo, Ohio Cargill, Inc., 80 Broad St., New York, N. Y. Catlin Bros., Grain and Flour Exchange, Boston, Mass. (Agent for Texas Star Flour Mills.) Center Milk Products Co., Middlebury Center, Penn. Central Soya Co., Inc., 300 Old-First Bank Bldg., Ft. Wayne, Ind. Cerophyl Laboratories, Inc., Kansas City, Mo. (Formerly Greenmelk Division of American Checkerboard Elevator Co., St. Louis, Mo. (Registered by Ralston Purina Co.) S. J. Cherry & Sons, Ltd., Preston, Canada Clinton Co., Clinton, Iowa Coatsworth and Cooper, 67 Yonge St., Toronto, Ont., Canada Colfax Packing Co., 34 Colfax St., Pawtucket, R. I. Commander-Larabee Milling Co., Minneapolis, Minn. Commercial Milling Co., 323 East Atwater St., Detroit, Mich. Community Feed Stores, South Deerfield, Mass. . „ ,, . „ .. Continental Grain Co., Franklin L. Lewi Division, 2 Broadway, New \ork, N. Y. Copeland Flour Mills, Ltd., Midland, Ont.. Canada Corn Products Sales Co., 17 Battery Place, New York, N. Y. Nicolas Courcy Grain Co., 12 Waverly St., Taunton, Mass. Cover Grain & Feed Co., 150 Middle St., Lowell, Mass . • Chas. M. Cox Co., 177 Milk St., Boston, Mass. (Registered also for Maple Leaf Milling Co., Ltd. and Estate of Silas Taft.) Dailey Mills, Inc., Montgomery St., Bingham ton, N. Y. Dairymen's League Co-Operative Association, Inc., 11 West 42nd St., New \ork, N. Y. Decatur Milling Co., Inc., Decatur, 111. Decatur Soy Products Co., Decatur, 111. Dehydrating Process Co., 60 Mt. Washington Ave., Boston, Mass. Delaware Mills, Inc., Deposit, N. Y. Denver Alfalfa Milling & Products Co., Lamar, Cal. Deutsch & Sickert Co., Milwaukee, Wis. Frank Diauto, 87 Warren St., Randolph, Mass. F Diehl & Son, Inc., Wellesley, Mass. Dietrich & Gambrill, Inc., Frederick, Md. Drackett Products Co , 5020 Spring Grove Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio J L Dunnell & Son, Bernardston, Mass. Eagle Roller Mill Co.. New Ulm, Minn. East Bridgewater Farmers' Exchange, Inc., East Bndgewater, Mass. Eastern Grain Co., Bridgewater, Mass. Eastern Semolina Mills, Inc., Baldwinsville, N. \ . Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Box 1482, Springfield, Mass. B. A. Eckhart Milling Co., Chicago, 111. Economy Grocery Stores Corporation, 393 D St., Boston, Mass. Egg-O-Milk Co., Baltimore, Md. M W. Ellis, 19 Walnut St., Peabody, Mass. Elmore Milling Co., Inc., Oneonta, N. Y. John W. Eshelman & Sons, Lancaster, Penn. Evans Milling Co., Indianapolis. Ind. Excelsior Milling Co., 712 Flour Exchange, Minneapolis, Minn. George A. Fair, Holliston, Mass. . Farm Service Division, General Mills, Inc., Fitchburg, Mass. Farmers Feed Co., Buffalo, N. Y. Farmers Feed Co., 532 East 76th St., New York, N. Y Federal Mill, Inc., Lockport, N. Y. Ferneau Grain Co., Blanchester, Ohio Finger Lakes & Hudson Flour Mills. Inc.. 7-9 Madison St Troy, N. \ . First National Stores, Inc., 5 Middlesex Ave., Somerville, Mass. Flory Milling Co.. Inc., Bangor, Penn. Forbes Bros. — Central Mills, 1 opeka, Kan. Fred A. Fountain, Inc., Taunton, Mass. Dean S French, 17 Columbia St., Stoughton, Ma Kellogg Co., Battle Creek, Mich. Spencer Kellogg & Sons, Inc.. 98 Delaware Ave., Buffalo. N. \. H. H. King Flour Mills Co., Minneapolis, Minn. King Midas Flour Mills, 500 Flour Exchange, Minneapolis, Minn. Chas. A. Krause Milling Co., Milwaukee, Wis. Kuiper & Bolle, 508 Produce Exchange, New York, N. Y. Lake of the Woods Milling Co., Ltd., Montreal. Que.. Canada Lakeside Milling Co., Ltd., Esplanade at Princess St., Toronto, Ont., Canada J. T. Lampman & Co., Claverack, N. Y. Larabee Flour Mills Co., Kansas City, Mo. Larrowe Milling Company (Trade Name) of General Mills, Inc., Detroit. Mich Franklin L. Lewi Division, Continental Grain Co.. 2 Broadway, New York, N. Y. John T. Lewis & Bros. Co., Philadelphia, Penn. (a wholly owned subsidiary and branch of National Lead Co., Ill Broadway, New York. N. Y.) - . A. S. MacDonald Commission Co.. 404 Grain & Flour Exchange, Boston, Mass. (Registered for Parrish & Heimbecker, Ltd.) Maine Fish Meal Co., Union Wharf, Portland, Maine Mansfield Coal & Grain Co., Mansfield, Mass. Mansfield Milling Co., 1 Samoset Ave., Mansfield, Mass. Maple Leaf Milling Co., Ltd., Toronto, Ont., Canada (Registered by Chas. M. Cox Lo.) Maritime Milling Co., Inc., Buffalo, N. Y. Meadow Brook Farms, Nazareth, Penn. . Mellin's Food Company of North America, 41 Central Wharf, Boston, Mas?. (Registered for A. H. Brown & Bros., Sole Agents) Merrimack Farmers' Exchange, Inc., Concord, N. H. „,«,,,_ >» Middlesex County Farm Bureau Association, 131 Lexington St.. Waltham, Mass. Miller Cereal Mills, Omaha, Neb. Miner-Hillard Milling Co., Wilkes-Barre. Penn. Geo. Q. Moon & Co.. Inc., Binghamton, N. Y. Jas. F. Morse & Co., 11 Horace St.. Somerville. Mass. Muir & Co., 408 Produce Exchange, New York, N. Y. National Biscuit Co., Shredded Wheat Bakeries, Niagara Falls, N. Y. National Distillers Products Corporation, 120 Broadway. New York. N. Y. National Lead Co.. Ill Broadway, New York. N. Y. (and John T. Lewis & Bros. Co.. Philadelphia, Penn., a wholly owned subsidiary and branch). Neumond Co.. 303 Merchants Exchange, St. Louis, Mo. New England Dairies, Inc., Charlestown, Mass. New England Grain Co., 390 Commercial St., Portland, Maine New England Rendering Co., Brighton, Mass. , New England Retail Grain Dealers Cooperative Association, Springfield, Mass. Ogden Grain Co., Utica, N. Y. Ogilvie Flour Mills Co., Ltd., Montreal, Que., Canada Oswego Soy Products Corporation, Oswego, N. Y. Pabst Brewing Co., Milwaukee, Wis. Palm Grain Co., 1081 Gorham St., Lowell, Mass. Park & Pollard Co., 356 Hertel Ave.. Buffalo, N. Y. George H. Parker Grain Co.. Danvers, Mass. , Parrish & Heimbecker, Ltd., Toronto, Ont., Canada (Registered by A. S. MacDonald Commis- sion Co.) Patent Cereals Co., Geneva, N. Y. Pecos Valley Alfalfa Mill Co., Chandler. Ariz. Perkins Oil Co., Memphis, Tenn. Pillsbury Flour Mills Co., Minneapolis, Minn. Maurice Pincoffs Co., 1 Main St., Houston, Texas 64 CONTROL BULLETIN No. 110 Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co., Linseed Oil Division, 2-10 Chester Ave., Newark, N. J. W. N. Potter Grain Stores, Inc., Greenfield, Mass. Pratt Food Co., Inc., Buffalo, N. Y. R. C. Pratt. 68 King St. E., Toronto. Ont., Canda Publicker, Inc., Philadelphia, Penn. H. C. Puffer Co., Springfield, Mass. Quaker Oats Co., 141 West Jackson Blvd., Chicago, 111. Ralston Purina Co., St. Louis, Mo. (Registered also for Checkerboard Feed Store.) John Reardon & Sons, Division of Wilson & Co., Inc., Cambridge, Mass. D. F. Riley, North Hatfield, Mass. Rio Grande Valley Citrus Exchange, Weslaco, Texas (Registered by Ashcraft- Wilkinson Co.) Rodney Milling Co., Kansas City, Mo. Roy Grain Co., Rehoboth, Mass. H. M. Rubin Co., 9-19 38th Ave., Long Island City. N. Y. Russell-Miller Milling Co., Minneapolis, Minn. Ryther & Warren Co., Belchertown, Mass. St. Lawrence Flour Mills Co., Ltd., 2110 Notre Dame St. West., Montreal, Que., Canada Saunders Mills, Inc., Box 192 Central Station, Toledo, Ohio Schenley Distilleries, Inc., 350 Fifth Ave., New York, N. Y. Schoeneck Farms, Inc., Nazareth. Penn. Schuyler Warehouse, Inc., Arch & Church Streets, Albany, N. Y. Seaboard Western Grain Corporation, 2 Broadway, New York, N. Y. Joseph E. Seagram & Sons, Inc., Louisville, Ky. Sherwin Williams Co., 101 Prospect Ave., N. W., Cleveland, Ohio W. J. Small Co., Inc., Neodesha, Kan. Smith- Bodfish-Swift Co., Vineyard Haven, Mass. Southern Cotton Oil Co., Goldsboro, N. C. A. E. Staley Manufacturing Co., Decatur, 111. Standard Milling Co., 309 West Jackson Blvd., Chicago. 111. Stratton & Co., Concord, N. H. Suni-Citrus Products Co., Haines City, Florida (Registered by Ashcraft-Wilkinson Co.) Sunny Slope Farms, Nazareth, Penn. Swift & Company Soybean Mills, Champaign, 111. C. H. Symmes & Co., Winchester, Mass. Estate of Silas Taft, Uxbridge, Mass. (Registered by Chas. M. Cox Co.) Texas Star Flour Mills, Galveston, Texas (Catlin Bros. Agent) Tioga Mills, Inc., Waverly, N. Y. Toledo Soybean Products Co., 215 Pontiac St., Toledo, Ohio Tremaine Alfalfa Ranch & Milling Co., Inc., Mesa, Ariz. Jacob Trinley & Sons, Linfield, Penn. Union Sales Corporation, Distributor for Union Starch & Refining Co., 301 Washington St., Columbus, Ind. Union Supply & Milling Corporation, Burbank, Cal. United Cooperative Farmers, Inc., P. O. Box 93, Fitchburg, Mass. United Farmers Cooperative Creamery Association, Inc., Charlestown, Mass. Unity Feeds, Inc., 177 Milk St., Boston, Mass. Universal Grain Corporation, 2 Broadway, New York, N. Y. Van Iderstine Co., Long Island City, N. Y. Arthur Ventura Grain Co., 7 Purchase St., Taunton, Mass. Victor Flour Mills, Inc., Pittsford, N. Y. O. B. Vunck & Co., Inc., Voorheesville, N. Y. Hiram Walker & Sons, Inc., Foot of Edmund St., Peoria, 111. Ward Milk Products Division of Kraft Cheese Co., 500 Peshtigo Ct., Chicago, 111. C. P. Washburn Co., Middleboro, Mass. Wayne County Grangers Feed Corporation, Clyde, N. Y. H. K. Webster Co., Lawrence, Mass. Western Condensing Co., Petaluma, Cal. (Golden Eagle Milling Co., Distributors) Williams Bros. Co., North Water St., Kent, Ohio Est. M. G. Williams, Box 603, Taunton, Mass. Wilmington Packing Co., New Boston St., Woburn, Mass. Wilson & Co., 4100 South Ashland Ave., Chicago, 111. Stanley Wood Grain Co., Taunton, Mass. Worcester Grain & Coal Co., Worcester, Mass. Yantic Grain & Products Co., Norwich, Conn. J. Younge Grain Co., Peoria, 111. Publication of this Document Approved it Commission on Administration and Finance 2,500-11-41-7864 MASSACHUSETTS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION CONTROL SERIES BULLETIN NO. Ill NOVEMBER, 1941 Seed Inspection By F. A. McLaughlin This report, the fourteenth in seed control service, is a record of work delegated to the Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station during 1941 , by authority of Chapter 94 as amended by Chapter 288 of the Acts of 1937 and Chapter 363 of the Acts of 1938. MASSACHUSETTS STATE COLLEGE AMHERST, MASS. ANNOUNCEMENT The Seed Testing Laboratory will allow ten units of wprk free of charge, during any calendar year, to any resident firm or citizen of Massachusetts. Units are rated as follows: Units Purity analysis (red clover, timothy, etc.) 1 Purity analysis (bluegrass, orchard grass, etc.) 2 Purity analysis of a mixture of seeds (depending upon the number of kinds in the mixture) 4-10 Examination for noxious weeds (sample of 4 oz. or less) 2 Identification of seed or plant 1 Cleaning tobacco seed (4 oz. or less) 2 Germination test (4 x 100 seeds of any seed not chaffy or requiring purity analysis) 1 Germination test (soil, 2 x 100 seeds) 1 Germination test (chaffy grasses or seeds requiring purity analysis) 2 Fees for work in excess of the ten free units allowed to a citizen or resident firm of Massachusetts are as follows: Germination test of all crop seeds except grasses $0.25 Germination test of timothy 25 Germination test of all other grasses 50 Purity analysis of cereals 50 Purity analysis of timothy 75 Purity analysis of all other grasses 1.00 Purity analysis of all other crop seeds 75 Purity analysis of mixtures of not more than 2 kinds of agricultural seeds 1 00 Purity analysis of special mixtures, including lawn grasses and pasture mixtures — a charge sufficient to cover the actual cost of working the sample, depending entirely upon the character of the sample. Minimum charge 1.25 In no case will the final report be rendered until all fees are paid. The minimum weights of samples to be submitted for analysis are: a. Two ounces of grass seed, white or alsike clover, or seeds not larger than these. b. Five ounces of red or crimson clover, alfalfa, ryegrasses, millet, rape, or seeds of similar size. c. One pound of cereal, vetches, or seeds of similar or larger size. The minimum number of seed of any one kind to be submitted for a germina- tion test is 400. SEED INSPECTION By F. A. McLaughlin1 MASSACHUSETTS VEGETABLE SEED STANDARDS FOR 1942 Section 26 ID of the Seed Law requires that a set of standards for germination of vegetable seeds be determined each year by the Director of the Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station and approved by the Commissioner of Agri- culture. The following set of standards for 1942 has been so determined and approved : KIND OF SEED GERMINATION STANDARD % KIND OF SEED GERMINATION STANDARD % Artichoke 60 Asparagus *70 Beans : Limas 70 Other varieties than Limas . 80 Beets 65 Broccoli 75 Brussels Sprouts 70 Cabbage 75 Carrot 55 Cauliflower 75 Celeriac 55 Celery 55 Chard, Swiss 65 Chicory 65 Chinese Cabbage 75 Citron 65 Collards 80 Corn, Sweet 75 **Cress, Garden 40 Cress, Water 25 Cucumber 80 Dandelion 45 Egg Plant 60 Endive 70 Fetticus (Corn Salad) 70 Kale 75 Kohlrabi 75 Leek 60 Lettuce 80 Melons: Muskmelon 75 Watermelon 70 Mustard 75 Okra *50 Onions 70 Parsley 60 Parsnip 60 Peas 80 Peppers 55 Pumpkin 75 Radish 75 Rhubarb 60 Rutabaga 75 Salsify 75 Sorrel 60 Spinach: Common 60 New Zealand 40 Squash 75 Tomato 75 Tomato, Husk 50 Turnip 80 ♦Including Hard Seeds. **Garden Cress (Lepidium sativum) is also called Pepper Grass and Curled Cress. Should not be confused with Upland Cress or Spring Cress (Campe verna) for which no standard has been adopted. The above set of standards is identical with the one adopted by the United States Department of Agriculture for administration of the Federal Seed Act. In the enforcement of the law, no tolerances will be allowed below the minimum standards adopted. 1 Assisted by Miss Jessie L. Anderson, Technical Assistant; Miss Eunice Richardson, Laboratory Assistant from March to June, 1941; and Miss May J. Honnay, Clerk. CONTROL SERIES No. Ill 1941 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS From November 1, 1940 to November 1, 1941, the Seed Laboratory received and worked 2941 samples of seed, of which 942 were collected by the State Department of Agriculture and 1999 were sent in by seedsmen, farmers, and various state institutions. An additional lot of 209 samples of flower seeds, for field tests only, was also received from the State Commissioner of Agriculture. Classification of these samples with the total number of laboratory tests in- volved is shown in the following summary. It will be noted that the total number of tests required for the 2941 samples was 3912; 671 for purity and 3241 for germination. NUMBER OF TE8T8 Number of Purity Germination Samples 544 Field Crops for Purity and Germination 544 544 2 Field Crops for Purity Only 2 — 235 Field Crops for Germination Only 235 80 Lawn and Other Types of Mixtures for Purity; Ger- minations involving 390 ingredients 80 390 35 Lawn Mixtures for Purity Only • • • 35 7 Lawn Mixtures for Germination Only; Germinations involving 36 ingredients 3° 1846 Vegetables for Germination Only 18™ 44 Herbs for Germination Only 44 16 Flower Seeds for Germination Only !° 8 Flower Seeds for Purity and Germination 8 2 Flower Seeds for Purity Only 2 ~~ 13 Tree Seeds for Germination Only 13 90 Tobacco Seeds for Cleaning and Germination • 19 Tobacco Seeds for Germination Only 19 2^1 671 3241 Field tests to determine trueness to type were conducted in cooperation with the Departments of Olericulture, Floriculture, and Agronomy, which tested respectively 220 samples of Vegetable seeds, 209 samples of Flower seeds, and 40 samples of Oats. Results of the field tests are shown on pages 75-93. The Seed Laboratory cleaned 90 lots of Tobacco seed for Connecticut \ alley farmers. The gross weight of the 90 lots of seed amounted to 131.29 pounds with a net weight of cleaned seed 102.17 pounds. Explanation of Tables In these tables the seeds are listed in alphabetical order by groups, each group containing only those seeds, the sale of which is regulated by a definite section of the Massachusetts Seed Law. Section 261-A of the Acts and Resolves of 1937 and 1938, Chapters 288 and 363, defines the group from Alfalfa to Wheat in- clusive; Section 261-B, Mixtures; Section 261-C, Special Mixtures; and Section 261-D, Vegetables. . The number preceding each analysis is for identification and reference lhe line to the right of the letter "L" gives information copied from the label; that to the right of "F" what was found in the laboratory analysis. Various symbols have been used to call attention to violations and irregularities and with certain tables a column is devoted to "Notes." Where symbols occur an explanation is given in footnotes at bottom of the page. SEED INSPECTION 5 All lots of seed included in this report were tested according to the Rules for Seed Testing adopted by the Association of Official Seed Analysts. "Tolerance" is applied to both purity and germination, except for vegetable seed found below the minimum germination standards adopted, in which instance no tolerance is allowed. "Germination Tolerance" has been applied between a given germination and the result of the germination test as follows: GIVEN GERMINATION (PERCENT) TOLERANCE (PERCENT) 96 or over 5 90 or over, but less than 96 6 80 or over, but less than 90 7 70 or over, but less than 80 8 60 or over, but less than 70 9 Less than 60 10 In the determination of the tolerance for the percentage of the distinguishable kind, type, or variety (pure seed), weed seeds, other crop seeds, and inert matter, the sample shall be first considered as made up of two parts: (a) The percentage of the component (pure seed, weed seed, crop seed or inert matter as the case may be) being considered, and (b) the difference between that percentage and 100. The number represented by (a) is then multiplied by the number rep- resented by (b) and the product is divided by 100. The resulting number is then multiplied by 0.2 (2/10) and the resulting product added to 0.2 or 0.6 as indicated in the following formulae: (n a X b ) Pure seed tolerance = 0.6 + "j °-2 X _ r Weed seeds, other crop seeds, and . a V b > inert matter tolerance = 0.2 + < 0.2 X [• For Poa spp., Agrostis spp., Festuca spp., bromegrass, crested wheatgrass, or- chard grass, velvet grass, tall oatgrass, meadow foxtail, sweet vernalgrass, Rhodes grass, Dallis grass, carpet grass, and Bermuda grass, and mixtures con- taining these seeds singly or combined in excess of 50 percent, an additional tolerance shall be allowed. This is to be obtained by adding to the regular tolerance mentioned above the product obtained by multiplying the regular tol- erance by the lesser of "a" and "b" divided by 100. CONTROL SERIES No. Ill a w w CO < H to o to to O o I— I H U » to Z HN to «< >— u I— I to to O <0 3 £.2> cpco o T3-o Pnce .8 « ol . o CO « °s &„- a) o *1 h| o.a ■oQ to o3 si l§ f=i ■jfc pp m CO X o °«Jco w« o«: w a oi° pqZ K S Ph E WE -e-o o o Ol Ol Ol Ol Ol Ol Ol Ol 7T cccd O-* ,-H© do O-i 6d O O v. o CO HO §2 Wd co .2 <-a Sc §6 H 66 ooo US OS doo hJcN OX £ CO _ 01 OS ^ .•gto SO i i O co 00 Ol qO M« do do ON do" kJ^ W^O Co" M Qx S O 6*= C c c Z-r-co 2° 033 W« « tq in | 6PM Eo ooo (NO do O^P d d O-gcg co£ . n* o og OO do Ol Ol ooo do o«o CM — ' r^O eo o d© •Jfe W 5^ S 00 JUh iJfe Mtf OS o • 2° "is -CD o g « ^ ►■*> p§ a 'g mS Wo; O 1-5 OQ 5 — m — CO CNm — O O00 aa o # £ W >> o CNCD — *° — m HN ©in ©£? CN Ci CD in t~cO O0CN 030 0000 CD CD CD CN CM 00 t-;ci do — « t-o .NO CN M O N OO OO t^m cncn Tt* t^. ©^ O300 O0CD 0000 o>o> (Jfe (jptj hJPH iJpH iJfa « -3 o « *K g« M .<< o t>3§ c co1— O CM -co £ n .a: Ql o O in c; QCO- Wffltj [£] . - %0 ^ o K3§ P OiOO 0000 — o ©'© 0000 "- 00 00 a-.ai 6 ££ 6* 03 - MS CD t*- © — — o pp — d din o o — o d© oin dcN hifa p-i&i — Tj< ^ e 0 0 3 - C&H Q-2 4! * . V '3. Ik 0 P 45 >> ■d ot B 03 5 .5 M C S c go . ^ 03 > ~ OC0 % 0 T3 c ~ ■6 e c c c B aw not given. ;rinination below tural Experimen ed but found exc — £1— • CO— _ s !£*-•-« -"•-J2 • O -*^ — . t- r ^-o s 3 i- 3 ^ ° o S3 .2 a-^ & ft >>2 -w co 3 _ -g e 03 ca o "ol'C oi=?'3 ^* # foij ri* c 03. CONTROL SERIES No. Ill Q u NN o < o o 1— I b w On Z < HN u HN fa fa o a) 3 QUEn P 2 o T3-0 * "5 . o ■go °E 9 c 15 .- t? is CIO O o^ -*CO i-H50 op pp •dec dcj (N-h i-jrN do do on* oo do do oo .Jfe >-3h O Dro"g" Wo* W£ if aj^ o ;* >>W £3« H e£ MM co°o .J^ a o « y, < m h O o X w Ml ttl .a X S rt ^ -< En B H* •(*< < H <■ 3 +» S» <«J p» 0 - C J +3 wi; : S H £ lW co « 1 -t-1" 3 W -hoo rooo hiO mcc T"? ■^i (O lOiO do do' NO do do ON iocO t^ O NO ►hE* iJpH pq ID in do do op dod O Pi d 3 S-o« §0 pnJSIb W-SP3 oo O U Q £d« o*3 Q 22 SoO ICCO do iCp oooo OSOJ !z a) 5 oT o O HID odd 05 m y* 'S << SEED INSPECTION in oo r^oo oo >o I I 7? 77 °T co — -< o ■* — 00 31 00 CI 00 C) oi. to O". do do do do OCN do do COW do do oo do do i-Jfa (JO .- < Y • •sW S3 Q Q o £ P«£ CO COCN do i-4fa >Jfa Qc Woo o W2 £ 02 72 *£°- W3 _« o Q •£ 4 •■» fa tig's 9oM 02 O-H do Jfa 0C 00 US ■* -CO O O -S -CO •0 d d oo ^ CO c *S_ "Si wo2 Is "gig s -h 00 CD O) CN 00 doo Oi C7i Oi OS 03 © _!fa fjfa J fa co ca co "j« Id IS . O . !3 oO o« * fc0 -a i, Bnpq 6 » .2 * s hJfa Oop s Otl.2 02 - £ o £ Qtf« tf.2-3 fa-2m dd Ho "g W N do 02" . w*-g Oh S^ Q ■S'g a-oU -Ell ID V V oMS Sgg _M_0-73 CS CO — Its -■'■ ! o a a, Co ■r- H .3-3 P u „ Cs> o 0 £1 j£ Oco oo© dao O O 55 o, OQ .- Ho w - V ► ■ 4> co s -tl 3 2^ W' H 'I M" (3 CO WWQ OJOl ?a> ova 1" -f Old -i> -r OVOV ex. ov -r -r ~ i- c- O-H oo ©cq do -r ,/, r , .(. ci ct t-)p4 i-)pK ^6 CtiM 66 CO.- do oo do •OcD oid CS £" .-.iO OO ■ 0 10 do OlO do NO H H W iJ*1* ,,- «o^ ' ;, TSffl o NN 88 c,"r O OIM fW ■oco rU ff™ Itcc OSW 00 5) 3tOQ O oj T?J1 rtO do oo oo oo do oq oq oid CD oo do 23 do Cjo . " do oo PpQ ojodd 0>0) I-4PM d$<-> U£.S W . 4> 'O-q SiP GO cnoo S-: 5- oi. <• w v « S «o W H ftT3"3) e p e W Qw o to t-. w^ O-i 0^ Oi Oi PS O) OS OS (_,IN JD 02 M 4) y pco Sp is -. CO I- CD do oto oo t^ s m :r « « -S w W CM 1/5 " to Wis is •*00 IN00 .-.CN OtO to>o q»o ^ P-S Q >M OJ2.2 pos 05 O0 oof ooob oo do IO00 •*• to do OiO 0)(0 ION C5 O) P- O) t-lfc _u, °2 ,6 8 c p is OiOi Oi Oi Oi Oi ■»N NN cot- OO OtN (^tO O) O) OiOi 2& Si? £° 8* ••y X' ^< H 4) W is 0)0 cot- 58 88 88 81 82 ~o --• -• S>- 22 2'P 2' O) OO OtN Oc ju. _iu< -JU, _;uh II .1 to*P „ - ■*> c a 2 p 2 -a 4) S 5b' -3 3 — - 1*13 v ft « £ J2 t; K ,/j 4) ;3 3 4J to *- to 4< . B ■ajf-s 12 CONTROL SERIES No. Ill O a 5 u o «< fa o o u fa fa fa — u I— I fa fa o T3 o 4> C a, 3 £0 s.s L" - co t~ »t» ■* t Tf Tl< ■* ■* t ■"* ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds cs n>m « CO .5. CD « 1 - O (S S5 * ©■2 oo B ^ . o o. r o o> >, o fc^ HO 0.0 as c £U .M-H £ o ft<5 GO £ at'O fc«3 Ss"os 1 ^ ►J >< q :o CO aT as Si? w-S U« Q Wcd m H=»VS H'S-g C0-OM •* Cm W g ^ CO c ■«! W I !Sco ,5 P ©O OO OO oo OS© OS © OS© OS© >-3fe .Jfe Jfc iJfe hJfe s XX fa pi os" . as __, « -*-» a* t/2 SEED INSPECTION 13 ci Oi a a aa c>cs c^r*- cor* "^ Is* ^ t* -* r» Jfe CO C J3-S am o a sin oo oo OO oo oo oo oo oo oo oo oo oo oo oo ©lO OO ©m ©00 O3 00 ©rr OC> 00 cs 00 00 oo OO oo OO 3 12 12 ©00 OOJ OO oo ©X3 © oo oo oo oo ©o oo oo o© oo oo ©o 32 O OO oo oo oo oo oo oo o>2 oo oo OO oo ooo oo jfe ^fc Jtn _;fc -t- iJW ,JW ^Uh jfc O Wjcg r.;W 13 «2J=3 %** < o O 3 ^3 ^=3 cj ft -a ft 03 3 13 CO O a * 4> o"° o a> — pL, 13 E — P3 ffloE b > .b§ §gO 5 J Q'l? »is £ ^£ Cm &e *^©j3 j£j: Z«« £ x .-JW §W So ^ - - °» E r'S ft O * ? O . «5 a ^- o t~fc, ffl-C «-" >> CO oS _ t- J3 0) -W s W/ O > « 8. p £ Q gj Ph © co oo ■* o t^ •° C *— ' cm O . „- o g «81z; o ■a Wag •J « 2 tf &£ °|* s a ■0*3 c £ a C>t! ■S.2 <* >> o § 22 t^S &" a i.A~° cd o .§•- g^ i i>.£ a s ■:-W^J3 14 CONTROL SERIES No. Ill O 73 Q W H CO < OS D H -; O HH o «< fa O z o HH H U W & CO HH HH < HH o HH fa fa O £o :tf Oc was o g o T3T3 . o ■oo cu o °Ch a o OJ) 3£ .2.2 So •JE OsCs o°q cog; OS Cl OS Cs 66 cs cs ds cs ■* t- r- t> o ** OOH oo OH OH oo ©CN CSOS ©m oo oo oco — © - CS g o| S ■ 13 Ph So O O os r moi o co d c rt mo p.S* CO . ft x Omo w g.S w g g ^^ ^H'O-r) ££•£ «£ 1°, oo«a cos o H - o 2 o K CD & ° £=fO aJ O C=C £| *swo 1 JSS Q -* "O wo g«u §1 2wl II ^*2 SO £S« o^o 08 .2 fi, >)C0 Ph 3-c P. =0 OS o 3-g ^ll 9 o s • oco O— Oh OS Os OS OS CMf OSU5 OO oo oo oo OO oo OO OO S3 oo oo s§ oo oo oo OS OS Of OS OS OS OS •OiO 00 00 Oco OS OS oo OS05 ot> O. 00 oo OS OS §§ CD OS HO CNh oooo HO OO oo 1 1 o>o 00 1 ' o 1 H^ O OOS f CO COh QCO ©00 OS OS OS OS '- 00 00 OS OS OS 00 OS OS hH'En —U« >J)hh hJhh JCh h3&i CN oS • O vSO CSO h3 o TJ as •3 © So 3-^ c^ w £ o CO =3os «i O . W o o SEED INSPECTION 15 -H t-H o-h o-h 7-4 — — — "* ■* -H -HH •*^< xj<^ -#T»< OiOi OO C5C5 (SO OO -h O — O — # O O O O O do 0"5 t^od OO Oz.t; o~d; Si" gJa-o K a ° Q «W 3* eo>o cc>o oo oo OO OO oo oo oo oo oo oo C3CN lO— I into t^OO (NO OOO t^OO O-H do oo cici oo oo ooo o-t ooo t^d OO 0000 «l zz O co t£ co S3 •JjN H '.2 Z cooi do Ui .o O6 . M Q.S si CD O do O »o — O Oo NO ooo a fa ON 81 P3 * _; c o Q a co Eh P3 CO c g o .S'-s a^oo a ac* :Q£ •T3 M S c - 6^ oil p oJ.Oi S3* coga fa S So u CN zd'£ GoZ 4) J •S-o - £a^ 0:g£ S * ►ri =Clfa Wo s H°ffi coZ . -fa HS1 go Q oo odd ooo 1 1 MM CN-H OO oo -H^ O-H mo © — iOCN Tt to oo OO oo 1 1 H oo ic b~ 1 1 a CNCN a •CCN •j oo a oo j a 2 2 OCD ooo lOO ooo 7 OCN 7 r^o — . 8b < s OS a OO a 0 a o 00 00 OO oo 09 35 atH U sfa o afa W£d Om.H . > Ph£ CD Zco SbS K-fa . o "03 *« ■£ o.g 2 co 3 E a to— .2 ^^ ■a -^ c> «5tr si" CftC (DO 16 CONTROL SERIES No. Ill T3 o o> oq - T3 o = a> - £ z OS z o 0. X o SZ5 a o B o _^ 03 "3 0) P H •3 C s.s 68 t" =4 O e T3 i_ m 0J[M ■2a65 ©2 O i-i -t= 4) &8 ~S 2"° ss ^» UT3 3 (U 65 Su.W .2 T3 2 oj P t "o •oO 4) CJ 0) m o ^ o s OS E T3 5 B tT C9 c TJ 03 = M H n 0 I T3 P C 0> C3 « a> O CJ3 ti £ p C u - — P i_ 01 5 C "o C ^ 43 & OIN too ooo do i - ** d'E - oo oo oo oo oo oo OO oo oo oo mo 000 do t~oq 00 00 on do 0"5 do O O Z :l *co - £oo£ t— I . o w c — P5« .5 1! — — si? o do pjfc •5 -8 r 00=0 Joo CSZE u e"o §w — 1 1~- coi- cq 0000 00 do t«iO (N-* J O 00 00 00 t^ 00 t^ 00 CN 00 00 CNffl C3 00 88 88 op oo>o do oo oo © ^* COCO CD 03 FH.H — O OO do do do ■ON do no do O00 ©CO O03 _ © ,-. CO 1HH do mm •*" ■* NO d© »N IN t>. ON t»CD 03 03 C3 C3 00 t^> 00 00 03 03 03 03 .Jfa (J fa .Jfa __ __ _- _ t-5fa •Jfa OS a w d'g cc . . . «Jfa h£"S Q o O Soo'.S o^ .9 >H 4) .— U^- o fc H.CQ ^-1 U .S S* C3 «-S DO SO S.P3 O Hoi CC>jr 2 .6 Era1-' S §0 K4 «£?-> • c . fa o . fao'^ £z* pffi " ofa PQ 02 O U w fa\2 8> ■n a C/2 V OJCW a hJ u < tf ■ti o - a tstf 5 hH a H P T3 0} T3 02 & . o cr Z -o(j — oj 2 - < oa, E c HH u (i- *c h "O ~ O T* fc.a O •o<-> £c so i-jZ; oo oo oo oo OO OO oo oo oo oo oo oo cqo OiOl OCN OlOJ OO en os 0>C2 oio 1 ° 1 o> IN-* CNCN IS oo mo o-* iOO o H P a w H 8 a« o° o O00 ©-* QtO MO nn nw do do do "-> ©CO OO ON o oop oo«o °°*^ d >-<© i-ooo m co -co *g| o'JJ <" . « o CQ.S t> ° S el* 0 o u j o ■ pp ■ded 0105 Oi 0>02 ClOS ljp«l o o U ii <2 a-g O « SEED INSPECTION 19 r o 8* £o ■ O PS A 03 o 03 o3 a o 03 03 3 3 oo oo oo oo oo 6© Cl Oi Oi O oo ©-* oo oo coc^i iooo 3t" c co d £ o o rfcjl - "S Q" 3^ Ph SJ2 _co g CO fc-d.3 O « 8 »iiO e-- M OJ a" 05 0 00 00 fflfll 05 05 0 05 ►Jfe _oo «>; m g CO o co;- Pi >J[*t H co OS 0) ►4* x ■CO oo oo oo oo oo oo ©>o O0P3 00-h «©' — © ►Jfe ijfcl CO - o g > "^ 3 3 3 «o o3 !" — •w 0-3T3 3-r »> *v"t^ 3 r- *3S3 20 CONTROL SERIES No. Ill 3 C '-£ a o O u I— I < fa O Z O H U UJ Oh >-. -J «< i— U fa fa O a C £.2, C03 OS U T3h3 £Oj° P^03 . o opL, E a o> o o-a is ^'Z oo do n; 00 co oq oicc O c>M OJQJ ooo do oo Cftco d^ oo £ « 5? O 03 o5 ffig" SI 03 os o d© n Wg 5 Od >> r. o>" r-O do •op do qp oca d o 1° P ?! Pi oo do oo oo do ,JpL, ,Jpn hJPl, O t. ►7 O) ©eo do o2 oco do -hN do ioO nco O £o £n l« q d M o oo oo CO OO oo o5 oo O"* O100 Offi O00 OO! O>00 ON OlO O5 00 NO OJO> ON QCJ CD "* i: Jos 2- 2; "° O >.<£ "J 2 Wag O ESi a a a - 0) >, 5 — a ~ V — C >. 9 ^^ W CO a O ' S3 m.£ cC'XO CO ft P3 oo oo oq oo deb cW CJ00 CaCa OCO iO WH ft *5C0 OO do H^fa W PQ :c c .s Q ° H W --0J ^.Sco into do hJfa co *5 Woo-- CO . g S £ ° M ft Wco W o PS o o H W cc Q W < C-* " £ 03 con CO^ o* 01 cn© deo 05O> did OOO d—' OS oos do OJO 1 1 1 1 COCO OO SI CU 1 s1 H o-h sco -* 00 CN-h Oco •oco CNCO ^0 do d do do do do OlO CN.-I •ooo MS ©CN COCN OCN •OCN •OOO CN00 sco •oco CN. CN cot 00-- do do OH d^' do do d— ' rHiH d© id-* .-HCN •OS co -H oco CNCN OCN ooo 1 1 SI C/J T» X H O d oo ooq aid 01 OJ dd a>cn doo oa> oo o do d o o o doo O 05 oooo oo 2 dd OO iJfc h-lfcc hJfc ►Jfc o o Po Mdf H §■* ffi£g g££ D om oo • Q O o z o DQ P4 «£ 2^ w ^CO 8co\S w 6 U o HO £ •z, „-£ coZ o *6 «3 . OS tH«M W2 PS£ W-S-3 3* pq g z »g H P4 £ w cn w Oh m-£ c o Mi a 0] m Dd Ih o OJ iH Ml c Z • J 09 3 £ « • 0) a d OS o ^ >o .2 -fa as w~ y w • a wz 3 0 >< - J zil OJ fc° s «2 Z o t %&X O . o _ °Z QZ . w . >> W cw SI* f3CC Q O z z" o >H __ •O 2 H Ck Z-afe EC 2 o a WCN j. n d >> <^ 0C H o.§« "° C 3§ * * 24 CONTROL SERIES No. Ill I d o O Q w fa fa 5 g U i— i fa O I — H U W On 1/3 z I— I fa to fa o £o 4>tn O "T3-rJ £< 3, ^b? fatO « a; * o O^ . o ■oO V V » to « E c « C3 »„• a» o °5 £5 ►j 2: 01 — -H -H WH Ol Ol Ol Ol Ol Ol O t~ c^ r» t-oo oo qo OO OO oq oo 9°. §8 oo oq §§ oo 9°. og o© ©6 oioo Ot6 OlOl c^6 OlOl 6cJfa jfa iJfa ~* ►J fa m Efgi -h a> h" cfa H O OD ■£ if o o O o £ .. 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Nl do dd oo do oo do oco oo do oo do U!«) O^" dd d2> Oi 05 05 05 05 S5 05 05 C5 S5 S5 S5 dd .Jfe _JClJ .Jfe h4(*i tJfe Jf* -- Oo G.S5 05 - I Od o co Sp-J tf 63. < St) £§° B(S £ I m rco g B1J iH'gO £<: BPl, o , tCOy fec^O P"H -,« £ • »> « o-s QZ-o O & ■ Bp -8 Cm-o 5 I* 55 ? fc -z (1 — ■A O a MO t* o u o (- 3Xt — R S — § 3 Q o 0 0 w p £ O — -a d £ £ ij55 0) o^ — 00 02 ©ca "3 3 a MO & «< "o t^00 «5 o s e X5 ►J fa CO o • §*£ - r 0 a a CD a a o o 53 O-<02 C £3 a«3cc do -fa s >-i a) 55 -^ !* 3 ^fa — ^ o - d-3 c?55.S O .S t» £S3« a to coto TT — Tf ■Ot- 00 OS ,o^o -0 £ § af ™ 'So 5-f Js CT 03 >>° T « b fc C 3 o 3 I* O g> a r; S a o g £ o S'3;£ » * ^^j-a 3 M 28 CONTROL SERIES No. Ill 3 C '-£ c o U H U HH o < fa o o HH h o w fa /^ HH fa < o S c .2m a Q"H S^ 3s* £cG fa*C 6S c *? o e a «> «Q S-S.S ■3WJ ^.2 CO M w < g o x .a a- to o IN" 66 O 5B t» «5 Ft-03 qqpq OOOOOOl ooqo 00C5O5C2 oo oo ■* ~? 32oS O D ™ O WtfHQ T)< lO iJfe O o S* Kg So1 <5 o. w ooocoo qoqwoq coooooS a> oooooo qqqqqq oo oo oo t^ oo oo oo r- •*■ CO "5 ■* 00 lO ■* CO O O q iq q t- 05 oq 00 M 10 ffi ffi IN m 2 s 5 So 2* § S^ ^O CO 0J > Z § r goo [V)T3 eg paOr 50 « OOOO CO t- 10 t^ 05 *C oqqc^-* •* om«N o gj£ ffj9 §"3 Mia -* - >>■§ £"SE|x« is E- " -■- en a o i_ a us WE >>= SEED INSPECTION 29 .S.S '8'S es £ M M odd coWW cows pic coo do tOOs t» O «D CN ds'iddco O CN N O l-H cn p p oq i-< -« oi so d ad >1HH C<5 03 O pq use© tCos'O H 09 5 O i-l -5 m p« PQ 03 pg >tf OS O 00 "3 ncn iNM * ei «-S n S3 03 I «> fflxjl-* O x c CQ 3 SSot 3-|5l -. .*^xi ■■ £ go A -SIS & g « g-g H = 3 03 « « o02 o ooooo oooco ooseoos-<)< «j ftM C C3---CJ 3 9,.2'5'E « « ~ .— 2 C *i-p"«*j S'~ "5 £"0 — H O to cu Z l-H - < l-H u to to O Is s hr Oi t-. Q"H ^ •ssr |S£? 6? acts £ c -w I — i s — -^ "Oj3 = H a> 2 £ cSPh PQQ (J 3 £ H XI M ■Si<* 3 5-9 o *l s~ 0 ,a •° r =: f.s .d ^fc W 60 c a >Af* gs« Scoo P £«© |Oi <; a) —i i- - 03 o qqqo — eiodco q t>. ■* to Ol »£> O tf3 *0 rV° .5 o G a> fl-O b S ,«J «.S o w 2 £g o OS 05 OJOl rtio i-uO O-f oo 12 oioo coco do hJfe q I -i I oo oo 5g oioo o ocooo OONOO do Xd><6 ooo>Jgo>o> .CO — 0 X 1- OS * W « Q LO OtO co-* do ►Jfa OOO qqo ic*od t^OOOi m coo — to'co — IN-* ■OBC .t» oj ooooo qoooo d in ci d d 00 00 03 0101 •o to oo q q tf 3 o « « cn a.s •o S o " « it 2 dp: *£?a O «,§ Bt C 3tS e ^ s £ 8 oj o 33-«-g o a 32 CONTROL SERIES No. Ill 3 -o a +3 CI o gg* U o c/3 - ,a* - to c/j a) 7.. r. 2 3 « S •2co 3 Quh |£oa ^ P £t3 £ p— i t3 _ M JD - << a 03 ►3 i— i H-l to •« 5 0) B to O T)XS aio _i sOg u c - tf s Eg z s do OO-H00— < r-OOOC5C5 t~eoOo>>-< —iCO'-' g *> o ooq oiod OJOOOi »C O l Zm-5 ffi£« '-o X ^ SI'S j So n ft Em ftj3 ■osfc «,JO tfhQ c -9 COIN O CO co co tor-; COCO (N bo 3° >tf IU <&!? O 5" cj )JZ SEED INSPECTION 33 . p 00 P5 IN CO © c6 «CCIN -h OOOOO H OOOOO x, doood^o ° CN^CS C-) PP tf ^ « id r I— I t- o tf So hhS ft Q~ ft ; iu ^ Oooa >oo o )00*0 ; si trot si coooc qSpqq dddoN oii/jood© MN05INN o -*> S>> .,- C fc- ■i- C3 M QC 3 Uj 3-T1 h t- m~ -.- " WS! MC •* - fed -i < g Kent Redt Time Whit 5fc a KO PS o So o oo §OMOO ,0-00 "i IN i JL i-i lO 88288 ooA'o'd ooc:goooi Ol-H — ooo '■"con* 5 s IS 2 a c 2 5" C ■'SI 3 = > C O \2 X -*^ -*» 3 n * " 2 2 £.2 g ^3X1 a - id'cti gT3 ^ C « »3i a ^a C M O ^"^ >> —i 3^ ^,_ »i a> ^T3-°-C S C 3 i: c >. 2 - « S^ g g-c| 8-2 S ■C«— 3 PT3 4> C .2.2 *• c.S m B T3"0 ci C"0 o 3 a) o> o 5 a. H t. fc- u •— 3 i- x o M MT3-T M 8*- C^C C % c^^g 34 CONTROL SERIES No. Ill 3 o O fa 5 o i— i o < fa o o M h U w fa CO i— i fa < i— i u I— I fa fa o .2cc 3 g-a° ^ft o o fe U M C*^ 4) Q~^ T> o> fi ►— ( 03 J TJ C tl.fi 13 M+i a> C +i M^U © !U T!J=S cje o sCu " C <" S <" - a.fi.2 £ *PM -a St) c-5 c o3 J- 03 u 0) PQQ£ o'g 3 •w -j.fi 3 C-g g*5 Q-SiJ „. 03 o3 •3H8 J**! !# £.2 ■go h jfc oo do Oo O10 £ WZ ol CO oTB Q SB Ph «3 IN «5 •* dc^o'-* o s co O 00 -h do oq ©to O3 03 hJfc O 1) « s OS Q* OQ .0 Ph ONCON OOOOO OOOOO ?« 3 o-g W S SEED INSPECTION 35 .5 a. -P O Ma CON qo O — O — d — • 00 £6 fe"13 ^ o ■< rp-i to WO r co „, o tf S « W£ fa ^o>, ?888 U)0 Tj< CO ©d 3 M -P 4) C 3 °H o § ^ c3.a rt WOH« Oc ■a 2 ^ cK ho o a J= a QcO cjffi Pn popqq ino oo coo oo I oo qo I oo o©' oo cooo oooo cc in r» «o co 9° oo oi 3JTS o§ Oo IQ i-J — CO IN — ►Jfc c S - J?co S O |° O Cirr t. fc.C,J BO £ CO**h2 W eK •T! ip co *q t. a; ccaa £ Su w^ g I SS I s >>^ " • £ >> c-C « s p ~ — cc «SO TO O- Q. O |t3 Qtftf Oh ^ CQ 6C eS CO pco Sh oqq oooo 33g - c c •m fl "2> 0 C «.£§^ •a ? a i; a£c ».5 »- a a a>T3 •— *j O 3 ■ — ■a a e ** cOO a 5 O oi.c £ ^Ph -a ft tt fi- a ts rt wo 1- 0 ** 3 X 3 « JO X •jgS 3 s-g 0 3 •pW !• OJ 0 -a :« rt J ls.s JO *]* S o r|| d C_, oj r rco o ij * . rt B •£<* So qq ICO 000 000 died 00000 000000 O t* O >> SO 2 a CT3^ oj 3 ?> t,£ 3 000 doi ■on OJ 4) .52 3 — t a) SO cococo cm W 3 o ■-jUJOO qio "r q TP n 00 IN 03 S_ 33 m-3 -, 3°o 2. S-o S 3 m 1 -CO o^ 3* Q2 > coio-; oo^"^ «5NH 0*0*0., § 0.03-2^3 S ° 'n to » 1 1 --, O I t^o 1 o q I cno I q ■* ■X'-' *■< OO.JjOO 00 Oi ^ 00 OS CSOOcO'J' o U5 3S00 0CO iOcNcN-Jos CN-* « °f>8 . T -; •h r-O© O •-1 — M c<3 OOOOO qqqqq c^ >6 1^ « 06 — —CN M * PQ >rt &o: 2 o-c «. « eu.Sr? o Sis V o a-o •0.2 3 a M" •5-3.^.2 O 0) t. _ m^ &a -^ 00 3 O 03 a-* a 3 ♦» o „ o =3 o S-3-2 a HZ£a -^5 a 38 CONTROL SERIES No. Ill 3 5 '-£ c o O g U i— i cc O < to O o H U W Oh C/3 z I— I < ►— < u Uh fa O g £ o |«§ £ ft Q"H •5 G6S O v civ 13 73 S 4>vp PhOG !£ ■CCS csOo E V o ce.c.2 £ ftpLn 13 fe-73 PQQg ^ Sou S"§13 fe.S T3 ft C C$ g.^ ot--c: E C-3 C o; ni ^ - P - c c - 0 ■6 0) F. 0 ^ B) o 6f » CJ . >.o is 5 P s Ft a > !S - c Dc >, - N ol * Tl s c C c o s — c c 3 Otf SEED INSPECTION 39 1941 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES— Continued Germi- Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Wholesaler's nation Month Lab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, Germination Found of Test No. and Place Collected % Date % 1941 ASPARAGUS Standard Germination 70% Wethersfield, Conn. CHARLES C. HART SEED CO 616 Mary Washington Dickinson's Central Grocery, Amherst — 62-9 July BEANS Standard Germinations: Beans (Except Limas) 80% Beans (Limas) 70% GRACE G. ANDERSON CO., INC., Dunkirk, N. Y. 277 Improved Golden Wax - — 95 June Tilton School, Haverhill W. E. AUBUCHON CO., INC., Fitchburg, Mass. 1069 Improved Golden Wax - — 93 June W. E. Aubuchon Co., Inc., Spencer W. E. AUBUCHON CO., INC., Leominster, Mass. 551F Burpee's Stringless - — ASSOCIATED SEED GROWERS, INC., New Haven, Conn. 135F Bountiful, No. 50184 85 2/1941 W. G. Pearse & Co., Fall River JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 35F Surecrop Stringless Wax, No. 0262 295F Bountiful Francis Brothers, Inc., Reading 364 Dwarf Horticultural - Duncan Hardware Corporation, Melrose 503 Red Valentine Marion General Store, Marion W. ATLEE BURPEE CO., Philadelphia, Pa. 707 French Horticultural Bush C. B. Coburn Co., Market St., Lowell 900 Surecrop Stringless Wax - Parkers Farm Supply Co., Danvers COBURN SEED & SUPPLY CO., Chelmsford, Mass. 389F Wardwell's Wax, No. 2778 COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 146F Long Yellow Six Weeks . G. W. Gardiner & Sons, Fall River 261F Stringless Black Valentine - — A. E. Wordell, New Bedford 321F Burpee's Bush Lima - — H. Bruckman, Lawrence ARTHUR R. CONE, Buffalo, N. Y. 899 Kentucky Wonder 90 1941 98 June Parkers Farm Supply Co., Danvers EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass. 249F Sure Crop Wax, No. 10618 85 12/1940 97 June Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Montello 250F French Horticultural, No. 19011 85 12/1940 87 June 92 June 93 June 95 June 78f July 99 June 85 June 75+ July 98 June 94 June 95 June 96 June 91 June t Below Standard. 40 CONTROL SERIES No. Ill 1941 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES— Continued Germi- Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Wholesaler's nation Month Lab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, Germination Found of Test No. and Place Collected % Date % 1941 BEANS— Continued EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE— Continued 906 Geneva Red Kidney Bean, No. 19411 85 1/1941 Essex County Cooperative Farming Association, Topsfield THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 71F Bountiful, No. 2 368 Pencil Pod Black Wax - — A. G. Patch Co., Boston 618 Dwarf Bush Lima - — Dickinson's Central Grocery, Amherst 720 Dwarf Horticultural - — Butman Feed Co., Lynn 729 Golden Wax - — John W. Goodhue Corporation, Ipswich 935 Burpee's Stringless Dwarf - — Concord Hardware & Plumbing Supply Co., Concord FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 433F Black Pencil Pod Wax - — Carlisle Hardware Co., Springfield 570F Tendergreen - — Copeland Hardware Co., Taunton 638 Golden Wax, No 38788 - — Reliable Hardware Co , Mattapan 642 Kentucky Wonder Wax - — Diamond Hardware Stores, Mattapan 644 Dwarf Horticultural - — Dine's Hardware Co., Hyde Park THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 53F Bountiful - — JOSEPH HARRIS CO., INC., Rochester, N. Y. 113F Sure Crop Wax, No. 2180 99 1941 Joseph Harris Co., Inc., Cambridge CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 240F Green Pod Bountiful, No. B2 BH Pierce Hardware Co., Taunton 413 Wardwell's Kidney Wax - — H. B. Blye & Co., Inc., Woburn 550F Dwarf Horticultural Leominster Hardware Co., Leominster 524 Pencil Pod Wax Mendelsohn's, Waltham 664 Improved Golden Wax - Robert M. Cook, Hardware, Mansfield 1144 Burpee's Bush Lima - Federal Supply Co., Northampton D. LANDRETH SEED CO., Bristol, Pa. 323F Stringless Green Pod Frank P. Mills, Campello 87 June 99 June 72f July 97 June 93 June 94 June 91 June 68f July 85 July 70t July 96 June 94 June 94 June 96 June 98 June 87 July 88 June 12t July 59 1 June 87 June June t Below Standard. SEED INSPECTION 41 1941 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES— Continued Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Wholesaler's Lab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, Germination No. and Place Collected % Date Germi- nation Month Found of Test % 1941 BEANS— Concluded MICHAEL LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago, 111. 596F London Horticultural — Lewis Zundell Hardware, Springfield 694 Dwarf Horticultural Stringless - Winer Bros., Beverly NEW ENGLAND TORO CO., West Newton, Mass. 158F Bountiful THE PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. 584F Golden Wax Globe Hardware Co., Fall River PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 15F Stringless Green Pod, No. 476 JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 458F Giant Stringless Green Pod Frank Howard, Inc., Pittsfield 591F Golden Wax O. C. Alderman, Springfield 1 100 Tendergreen - Faulkner Hardware Co., Palmer ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 180F Pencil Pod Black Wax, No. 336 97 THORNTON & CROUCH, Lawrence, Mass. 306F Pencil Pod Black Wax JOHN B. VARICK CO., Manchester. N. H. 559 Golden Wax Harlow Bros., Sterling F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 338F Bountiful, No. 13652 92 Middlesex County Farm Bureau, Lowell 538F French Horticultural, No. 2-1258 90 Farm Service Co., Leominster 733 Dwarf Horticultural, No. 2-2228 A. P. Marcorelle Co., Inc., Ipswich 946 Goddard or Boston, No. 17916 86 Boston Supply, Inc., Framingham S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS, Orange, Conn. Approx. 354F French Horticultural, No. 302 90 Monroe's Seed Market, Attleboro 646 Sure Crop Black Wax - Centre Hardware Co., Roslindale 651 Brittle Wax, No. 2175 89 New Style Hardware Co., Roslindale Approx. 857 Yellow Eye 90 Worcester Grain & Coal Co., Worcester 1138 Pencil Pod Black Wax, No. 2111 A. J. Bibeau Hardware Co., Gardner — 93 June - 81 June - 96 June - 88-1 June - 94 June - 92 June - 72f June - 99 June 1/1941 95 June - 91 June - 84 June 1/1940 90 June 12/1940 84 July - 97 June 12/1940 84 June 12/1940 86 June - 90 June 1/1941 72t July 1/1941 89 June 93 June t Below Standard. t Below Standard and below Guarantee. 42 CONTROL SERIES No. Ill 1941 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES— Continued Germi- Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Wholesaler's nation Month Lab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, Germination Found of Test No. and Place Collected % Date % 1941 BEETS Standard Germination 65% GRACE A. ANDERSON CO., INC., Dunkirk, N. Y. 279 Detroit Dark Red Tilton School, Haverhill ASSOCIATED SEED GROWERS, INC., New Haven, Conn. 136F Detroit Dark Red, No. 20805 78 10/1940 W. G. Pearse & Co., Fall River JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 36F Early Wonder, No. B-188 297F Detroit Dark Red Francis Brothers, Inc., Reading 526 Crosby's Egyptian - — Mendelsohn's, Waltham 886 Dewing's Early Blood . . - — The Welch Company, Inc., Scituate W. ATLEE BURPEE CO., Philadelphia, Pa. 344 Detroit Dark Red Brownell Hardware Co., Attleboro COBURN SEED & SUPPLY CO., Chelmsford, Mass. 390F Early Wonder, No. 3100 COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 147F Boston Crosbv G. W. Gardiner & Sons, Fall RiVer 264F Early Wonder A. E. Wordell, New Bedford 686 Edmand's - — Whitcomb-Carter Co., Beverly EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass 1 Crosby, Early Wonder, No. 718 75 12/1940 THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 72F Crosby's Egyptian, No. 47 401 Edmand's Blood Turnip Thompson Hardware Co., Lowell FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 423 Early Blood Turnip Carlisle Hardware Co., Springfield 569 Detroit Dark Red - — Copeland Hardware Co., Taunton FREDONIA SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 598 Detroit Dark Red Lewis Zundell Hardware, Springfield FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. 169F Boston Crosby 90 1/1941 THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 54F Crosby's Egyptian - — JOSEPH HARRIS CO., INC., Rochester, N. Y. 114F Detroit Dark Red, No. 435 84 1941 Joseph Harris Co., Inc., Cambridge CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 236F Detroit Dark Red - — Pierce Hardware Co., Taunton 414F Crosby's Egyptian - — H. B. Blye & Co., Inc., Woburn — 80 81 — 69 8.", — 71 June June 82 June 82 June 77 June 68 July July 81 June 78 June 85 June 73 June July 84 July 72 July 76 May 82 July July 91 June 81 July 85 July 76 July 68 July SEED INSPECTION 43 1941 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES— Continued Germi- Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Wholesaler's nation Month Lab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, Germination Found of Test No. and Place Collected % Date % 1941 BEETS— Concluded BUDD D. HAWKINS, Reading, Vt. 300F Detroit Dark Red Francis Brothers, Inc., Reading HYGRADE SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 127F Detroit Dark Red Spencer Borden School, Fall River D. LANDRETH SEED CO., Bristol, Pa. 325F Early Wonder Frank P. Mills, Campello 682 Detroit Dark Red Salem Hardware Co., Salem MICHAEL-LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago, 111. 417F Detroit Dark Red W. E. Aubuchon Co., Inc., Millbury 552F Early Egyptian - W. E. Aubuchon Co., Inc., Leominster NEW ENGLAND TORO CO., West Newton, Mass. 159F Crosby Egyptian THE PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. Approx. 954 Detroit Dark Red, No. D2-4841 80 Henry L. Sawyer Co., Framingham PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 16F Crosby's Egyptian, No. 1143 JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 459F Detroit Dark Red Frank Howard, Inc., Pittsfield 505 Egyptian 62 Shurtleff Hardware Co., Middleboro 593 Early Blood Turnip O. C. Alderman, Springfield ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 181F Early Wonder, No. 125 76 1072 Early Blood Turnip Harry R. Lamb, Brookfield THORNTON & CROUCH, Lawrence, Mass. 309F Early Wonder F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 336 Crosby's Egyptian 80 Middlesex County Farm Bureau, Lowell 528F Detroit Dark Red, No. 17216 90 Middlesex County Farm Bureau, Waltham 842 Early Wonder, No. 12671 68 Piatt & Goslee, Great Barrington S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS, Orange, Conn. Approx. 361F Detroit Dark Red, No. 2179 70 Monroe's Seed Market, Attleboro 652 Crosby's Egyptian - New Style Hardware Co., Roslindale June June — 84 June - 78 June - 82 July - 65 June - 71 June 1/1941 90 July - 77 July - 81 July 1/1941 65 May - 86 July 1/1941 74 July — 75 July — 66 June 1/1940 70§ June 1/1941 90 May 11/1940 65 August 12/1940 71 June 83 June § Above Standard but below Guarantee. 44 CONTROL SERIES No. Ill 1941 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES— Continued Germi- Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Wholesaler's nation Month Lab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, Germination Found of Test No. and Place Collected % Date % 1941 BROCCOLI Standard Germination 75% JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 50F Italian Green Sprouting, No. B-191 - — EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass 2 Calabrese, No. 611 90 12/1940 THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 73F Calabrese Green Sprouting, No. 91 - — FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. 175F Special Italian Propageno 70 1/1941 CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 665 Early Green Calabrese - — Robert M. Cook, Hardware, Mansfield THE PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. Approx. 369 Italian Green Sprouting 70 9/1940 George E. Warren, Hardware, Braintree PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 32 Italian Creen Sprouting, No. 118 - — JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 460F Italian Green Sprouting - — Frank Howard, Inc., Pittsfield F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. Approx. 335 Calabrese, No. 14686 85 12/1939 Middlesex County Farm Bureau, Lowell Approx. 527F Calabrese, No. 18153 90 2/1941 Middlesex County Farm Bureau, Waltham S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS, Orange, Conn. 891 Spring, No. 1728 Danvers Hardware Co., Danvers 97 May 95 May 86 May 63 (k) May 81 May 68 (k) May 90 May 96 May 71$ May 96 May — 89 July BRUSSELS SPROUTS Standard Germination 70% JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 867 **Brussels Sprouts 75 Jaffe Hardware Co., Worcester NORTHRUP, KING & CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 1150 Improved Dwarf - H. J. Croteau Hardware Co., Northampton 1/1941 73 July 50f July CABBAGE Standard Germination 75% ASSOCIATED SEED GROWERS, INC., New Haven, Conn. 141F Danish Round Head Short Stem, No. 98329 .. . 90 12/1940 W. G. Pearse & Co., Fall River JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 37F Early Jersey Wakefield, No. 8112 1137 Early Jersey Wakefield Bibean Hardware Co., Gardner (k) Equal to Guarantee, allowing tolerance, but below Standard. $ Below Standard and below Guarantee, t Below Standard. ** Variety required by law but not stated. 91 June 95 June 80 July SEED INSPECTION 45 1941 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES— Continued Germi- Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Wholesaler's nation Month T-ab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, Germination Found of Test No. and Place Collected % Date % 1941 CABBAGE— Continued BROWNELL HARDWARE CO., Attleboro, Mass. 342 Early Jersey Wakefield - — COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 265F Holland Short Stem - — A. E. Wordell, New Bedford 317F Warren's Stone Mason - — H. Bruckman, Lawrence 577 Drumhead Savoy - — C. S. Sawyer & Co., Fall River EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass. 3F Copenhagen (Golden Acre), No. 611 85 12/1940 THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 74F Golden Acre, No. 108 - — 400 Early Wakefield Thompson Hardware Co., Lowell 603 Flat Dutch Belmont Hardware Co., Springfield 852 Stone Mason Drumhead - Walsh & Packard, Inc., Hingham FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 574 Danish Ballhead Copeland Hardware Co., Taunton FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. 173F Special Drumhead Savoy 90 1/1941 THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 55 Copenhagen Market - — CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 510 Early Jersey Wakefield - — Allen Hersom Co., New Bedford 808 Premium Late Flat Dutch - — Carr Hardware Co., Pittsfield 1039 Drumhead Savoy - — Revere Hardware Co., Arlington Heights 1112 Savoy - — Waite's Hardware Co., Southbridge HYGRADE SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 291F Copenhagen Market - — Tilton School, Haverhill D. LANDRETH SEED CO., Bristol, Pa. 328F Savoy Drumhead - — Frank P. Mills, Campello MICHAEL-LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago, 111. 419F Premium Late Flat-Dutch - — W. E. Aubuchon Co., Inc., Millbury 691 Early Jersey Wakefield - — Winer Bros., Beverly 1067 Danish Ballhead - — W. E. Aubuchon Co., Inc., Spencer 93 June 87 June 90 June 87 June 85 June 73 1 June 83 June 7t(c) June — 80 7ti July June 72t June 79 June 68t June 75 July 75 July 3t July 78 May May 34t June 89 July 94 July t Below Standard, (c) Wholesaler claims this seed not purchased from him, at least during current season. t Below Standard and below Guarantee. 46 CONTROL SERIES No. Ill 1941 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES— Continued Germi- Wholesale Distributor, Kitad of Seed and Variety, Wholesaler '8 nation Month Lab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, Germination Found of Test No. and Place Collected % Date % 1941 CABBAGE— Concluded NEW ENGLAND TORO COMPANY, West Newton, Mass. 162F Chinese - — THE PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. 792 Danish Bullhead Gatze Hardware Co., Webster PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 17 Golden Acre, No. 1805 ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 182F Danish Ballhead, No. 281 89 1/1941 STERLING SEED CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 833 Late Flat Dutch Packed for McLellan Stores, Great Barrington 1941 F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 331 Copenhagen Market, No. 13562 87 10/1939 Middlesex County Farm Bureau, Lowell 403 Jersey Wakefield - ■ — ■ Adams Hardware & Paint Co., Lowell 443F Mammoth Red Rock - — Pittsfield Hardware & Plumbing Supply Co., Pittsfield 529F Copenhagen Market, No. 14283 90 11/1940 Middlesex County Farm Bureau, Waltham 896 Danish Ballhead - — Danvers Hardware Co., Danvers 1148 Premium Late Flat Dutch - ■ — H. J. Croteau Hardware Co., Northampton S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS, Orange, Conn. Approx. 356F Danish Ballhead, No. 1986 94 12/1940 Monroe's Seed Market, Attleboro UNKNOWN 863 Copenhagen Market - Worcester Grain & Coal Co., Worcester CARROTS Standard Germination 55% GRACE G. ANDERSON CO., INC., Dunkirk, N. Y. 276F Chantenay Tilton School, Haverhill ASSOCIATED SEED GROWERS, INC., New Haven, Conn. 137F Hutchinson, No. 87403 64 11/1940 W. G. Pearse & Co., Fall River JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 39F Hutchinson, No. B-202 629 Long Orange, No. 5584 Cohasset Hardware Co., Cohasset 640 Danvers Half Long — Robert's Supply Co., Mattapan 97 May 8f(c) July 86 June 85 June 78 July 78 § June 88 June 90 June 84 May 27t(c) July 90 July 84 § June 18t July 76 April 59 April 61 April 66 May 82 May t Below Standard. ... (c) Wholesaler claims this seed not sold by him, at.least not during the current year. § Above Standard but below Guarantee. SEED INSPECTION 47 1941 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES — Continued Germi- Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Wholesaler's nation Month Lab. Dealer When Uther Than Wholesale Distributor, Germination Found of Test No. and Place Collected % Date % 1941 CARROTS— Continued W. ATLEE BURPEE CO., Philadelphia, Pa. 345 Danvers Half Long — — Brownell Hardware Co., Attleboro 901 Hutchinson — — Parker's Farm Supply Co., Danvers COBURN SEED & SUPPLY CO., Chelmsford, Mass. 391F Hutchinson, No. 3171 - — COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 153F Oxheart - — G. W. Gardiner & Sons, Fall River 266F Hutchinson - — A. E. Wordell, New Bedford 1050 Half Long Chantenay - — Fred F. Smith, Inc., Reading EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass 251 Danvers (Red Cored), No. 618 70 12/1940 Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Montello THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Maes. 77F Imperator, No. 141 - — 718 Improved Long Orange - — Butman Feed Company, Lynn EMPIRE SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 302 Chantenay - — Loring Cash Market, Lawrence 619 Chantenay 44 12/1940 Woodlawn Supply Co., South Hadley FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 426F Danvers - — Carlisle Hardware Co., Springfield 571F Long Orange - — Copeland Hardware Co., Taunton FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. 170F Chantenay 80 1/1941 THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 58F Chantenay - — CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 237F Danvers Half Long - — Pierce Hardware Co., Taunton 549F Chantenay - — Leominster Hardware Co., Leominster 613 Hutchinson — — Dickinson's Central Grocery, Amherst 810 Danvers Half Long — — Carr Hardware Co., Pittsfield 1159 Hutchinson — — Sears Plumbing & Heating Co., South Deerfield BUDD D. HAWKINS, Reading, Vt. 298F Red Cored Chantenay Francis Brothers, Inc., Reading 84 April 56 July 57 April 79 April 67 April 22f(c) July 61§ April 78 April 88 May 71 April 61 May 71 April 71 May 76 June 76 April 63 April 67 May 59 May 56 July 64 July — 58 April t Below Standard, (c) Wholesaler claims this seed not sold by him, at least not during the current year. § Above Standard but below Guarantee. 48 CONTROL SERIES No. Ill 1941 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES— Conti nued Germi- Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Wholesaler's nation Month Lab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, Germination Found of Test No. and Place Collected % Date % 1941 CARROTS— Continued HYGRADE SEED CO., INC., Fredonia, N. Y. 128F Chantenay-Long Type - Spencer Borden School, Fall River D. LANDRETH SEED CO., Bristol, Pa. 326F Hutchinson Frank P. Mills, Campello 680 Improved Danvers Half Long - Salem Hardware Co., Salem 709 Long Orange, No. L 523 C. B. Coburn Co., Lowell MICHAEL-LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago, III. 418F Chantenay W. E. Aubuchon Co., Inc., Millbury NEW ENGLAND TORO CO., West Newton 160F Chantenay A. G. PATCH CO., Boston, Mass. 367 Long Orange - PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 19F Long Orange, No. 2117 JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 461F Danvers Long Pointed - Frank Howard, Inc., Pittsfield J. B. RICE, JR., INC., Shushan, N. Y. 587 Improved Long Orange 72 A. J. Desmarais Hardware, Fall River ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 183F Hutchinson, No. 393 79 THORNTON & CROUCH, Lawrence, Mass. 310F Danvers Half Long F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 340F Danvers Half Long, No. 17386 74 Winer's Hardware Co., Randolph 445 Danvers Half Long - Pittsfield Hardware & Plumbing Supply Co., Pittsfield Approx. 497 Danvers Half Long, No. 17988 53 Kingston Hardware Co., Kingston 522 Improved Long Orange, No. 17986 A.J. Desmarais Hardware, Fall River 534 Hutchinson, No. 1-6172 Middlesex County Farm Bureau, Waltham S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS, Orange, Conn. 230 Hutchinson, No. 1736 J. H. Fairbanks Co., Bridgewater 355F Danvers Half Long, No. 2178 72 Monroe's Seed Market, Attleboro 650 Danvers Half Long, No. 2015 New Style Hardware Co., Roslindale 704 Danvers - Adams Hardware & Paint Co., Lowell — 78 April 55 June 75 May 68 May — 50t April — 73 April — 55 April — 56 June — 70 May 0/1940 72 May 1/1941 72 April - 71 April /1940 83 April — 66 May 2/1940 60 May — 59 May — 68 May — 73 April 2/1940 68 April — 78 May — 71 May t Below Standard. SEED INSPECTION 49 1941 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES— Continued Germi- Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Wholesaler's nation Month Lab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, Germination Found of Test No. and Place Collected % Date % 1941 CARROTS— Concluded S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS— Continued 869 Woodruff Early Branch - — Sadick Hardware & Paint Co., Worcester 895 Hutchinson, No. 1736 78 12/1938 Danvers Hardware Co., Danvers WOOD WORTH-BRADLEY, INC., Providence, R. I. 349F Chantenay - — Hammond Hardware Co., Attleboro CAULIFLOWER Standard Germination 75% JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 51 Snowball, No. B-105 - — THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 75 Master Snowball, No. 154 - — FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit. Mich. 245F Early Snowball R. E. Cobb Co., Weymouth THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 56 Snowball - — THE PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. 224 Early Snowball 75 1940 J. H. Fairbanks Co., Bridgewater PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 34 Early Snowball, No. 1924 NORTHRUP, KING & CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 210 Early Snowball Revere Hardware & Supply Co., Revere JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 231 Early Snowball 75 1/1941 Pierce Hardware Co., Taunton CELERY Standard Germination 55% JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 38 Giant Pascal, No. B 208 849 Giant Pasguale - — J. H Murray, Hardware, East Weymouth W. ATLEE BURPEE CO., Philadelphia, Pa. 994 Giant Pascal Casey's Hardware, Milford COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 318 Boston Market - — H. Bruckman, Lawrence 578 Golden Self Blanching - — C. S. Sawyer & Co., Fall River EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass 4 Golden Plume, No. 618 72 12/1940 76 July 64 § August 49f June 85 May 66f May 75 May 89 May 62$ May 91 May 62t May 69 (k) May — 69 May — 55 July — 60 July — 70 May 0f(c) May 66 May § Above Standard but below Guarantee. J Below Standard. Below Standard and Below Guarantee, (k) Equal to Guarantee, allowing tolerance, but below Standard, (c) Wholesaler claims this seed not purchased from him, at least not during the current year. 50 CONTROL SERIES No. Ill 1941 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES— Continued Germi- Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Wholesaler's nation Month Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, Germination Found of Test No. and Place Collected % Date % 1941 CELER Y— Concluded THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 76 Giant Pascal, No. 168 THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 57 Easy Blanching - CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 1038 Giant Pascal - — Revere Hardware Co., Arlington Heights 1140 Golden Plume Federal Supply Co., Northampton LITTLE TREE FARMS, Framingham Center, Mass. 1002 Giant Pascal - — MICHAEL-LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago, 111. 696 White Plume or Self Blanching - — Winer Bros., Beverly THE PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. 802 Giant Pascal 80 1940 C. O. Carlson, Goshen PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 18 Summer Pascal, No. 2221 F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 950 Golden Self Blanching - — Boston Supply, Inc., Framingham 958 Giant Pascal - — Rome Hardware Co., Rockland COLLARDS Standard Germination 80% COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 580 Georgia or Creole - C. S. Sawyer & Co., Fall River THE PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. 663 Georgia Southern 70 1940 R. G. Watt, North Easton CORN Standard Germination 75% ASSOCIATED SEED GROWERS, INC., New Haven, Conn. 138F P-39 Whipcross, No. 96105 90 12/1940 W. G. Pearse & Co., Fall River W. E. AUBUCHON CO., INC., Fitchburg, Mass. 1070 Golden Bantam W. E. Aubuchon Co., Inc., Spencer JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 40 Blended Yellow Hybrids B, 272 296F Golden Bantam Francis Brothers, Inc., Reading 519 Whipple's Early Bogle Hill Hardware Co., Fall River 634 Golden Bantam, No. 5765 E. M. Fleming, Cohasset 68 May 80 May 56 July 50t July 35t August 85 May 74 August 84 May 2t July 74 July 90 June 62 (k) July 97 May — 99 June — 93 May — 96 May — 93 May — 98 May t Below Standard, (k) Equal to Guarantee, allowing tolerance, but below Standard. SEED INSPECTION 51 1941 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES — Continued Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Lab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, No. and Place Collected Wholesaler's Germination % Date Germi- nation Month Found of Test % 1941 CORN— Continued JOSEPH BRECK & SONS— Continued 887 Early 8 Row Golden Bantam The Welch Co., Scituate W. ATLEE BURPEE CO., Philadelphia, Pa. 567 Bvirpee's Golden Bantam - Russell Cameron Hardware Co., Cambridge 706 Golden Sunshine C. B. Coburn Co., Lowell COBURN SEED & SUPPLY CO., Chelmsford, Mass. 392F Golden Hummer, No. 3182 COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 150F Span Cross, No. 39 G. W. Gardiner & Sons, Fall River 262F Bantam Evergreen - A. E. Wordell, New Bedford 668 Golden Bantam - W. C. Fuller Co., Mansfield 930 Golden Sunshine Franklin Hardware Co., North Attleboro EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass 246F Marcross 13.6, No. 11511^1520 85 12/1910 Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Montello 247F Marcross 39.13, No. 14511 95 12/1940 Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Montello 248F Span Cross 13, No. 1211 95 1/1941 Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Montello THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 78F Marcross 13.6, No. 194 601 White Evergreen Belmont Hardware Co., Springfield 851 Golden Sunshine - Walsh & Packard, Inc., Hingham 933 Golden Sunshine - — The Pettee Co., Sharon FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 212 Golden Bantam - — Revere Hardware & Supply Co., Revere 425 Golden Bantam - Carlisle Hardware Co., Springfield 434 Bantam Evergreen - Carlisle Hardware Co., Springfield THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 59F Golden Cross Bantam - — JOSEPH HARRIS CO., Rochester, N Y. 120F Golden Cross Bantam, No. 1245 92 1941 Joseph Harris Co., Cambridge CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 232F Span Cross 4.13 Pierce Hardware Co., Taunton — 88 June 97 May 99 May 98 May 86 May 94 May 97 May 93 June 96 May 98 May 95 May 93 May lt(c) May 76 June 96 June 96 May 75 May 91 May 93 May 93 May May t Below Standard, (c) Wholesaler claims this seed not sold by him, at least not during current year. 52 CONTROL SERIES No. Ill 1941 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES Germi- Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Wholesaler's nation Month Lab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, Germination Found of Test No. and Place Collected % Date % 1941 CORN— Continued CHARLES C. HART SEED CO.— Continued 511 Whipple's Early - — Allen Hersom Co., New Bedford 525 Early Golden Bantam - — Mendelsohn's, Waltham 546 Golden Sunrise - — Leominster Hardware Co., Leominster 623 Golden Early Market - — Woodlawn Supply Co., South Hadley 880 Stowell's Evergreen - — Waite Hardware Co., Shrewsbury 1110 Golden Giant - — Waite Hardware Co., Southbridge 1142 Golden Gisnt - — Federal Supply Co., Northampton D. LANDRETH SEED CO., Bristol, Pa. 678 Golden Sunshine 86 2/1941 Salem Hardware Co., Salem or better 714 Golden Hummer - — Cover Grain & Feed Co., Lowell 790 Whipple's Early Yellow - — Harry Seder, Webster LITTLE TREE FARMS, Framingham Center, Mass. 1008 Bantam Evergreen - — MICHAEL-LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago, 111. 572 Whipple's Early Yellow - — Copeland Hardware Co., Taunton 806 Golden Sunshine - — John S. Glennan Hardware, Dalton THE PAGE SEED CO.. Greene, N. Y. 227F Whipple's Early Yellow B 31-140 88 J. H. Fairbanks Co., Bridgewater 514 Golden Bantam, B 7-3941 88 1/1941 Bourassa Hardware Store, New Bedford 955 Golden Bantam — — Henry L. Sawyer Co., Framingham PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 20F Golden Cross Bantam, No. 2658 - — JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 463F Golden Bantam, No. 36706 Frank Howard, Inc., Pittsfield 506 Bantam Evergreen - — Shurtleff Hardware Co., Middleboro ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 184F Market Hybrid, No. 313 98 1/1941 1071 Golden Bantam - — Harry R. Lamb, Brookfield THORNTON & CROUCH, Lawrence, Mass. 307F Whipple's Early Yellow F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 440F Golden Bantam, No. 14474 Pittsfield Hardware & Plumbing Supply Co., Pittsfield 83 May 81 May 92 May 89 June 89 June 75 June 89 June 84 May 83 May 91 May 90 June 91 May 93 June 91 May 92 May 96 June 93 May 83 May 83 May 96 May 92 June 95 May 99 May SEED INSPECTION 53 1941 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES— Continued Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Wholesaler's Lab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, Germination No. and Place Collected % Date Germi- nation Found % Month of Test 1941 CORN— Concluded F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS— Continued 517F Golden Bantam 8 Row, No. 17642 97 11/1940 Farm Service Co., Fall River 518F Golden Giant, No. 17661 95 12/1940 Farm Service Co., Fall River Approx. 535 Hybrid Sweet Corn — Golden Cross Bantam, No. 18169 95 3/1941 Middlesex County Farm Bureau, Waltham 674 Whipple's Early Yellow - B. F. Hill Co., Salem S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS, Orange, Conn. 353F Golden Giant, No. 2114 80 12/1940 Monroe's Seed Market, Attleboro 653 Country Gentleman, No. 2084 New Style Hardware Co., Roslindale 645 Golden Bantam, No. 2082 Center Hardware Co., Roslindale 865 Woodruff's Extra Early Yellow, No. 200 90 1/1941 Worcester Grain & Coal Co., Worcester CUCUMBER Standard Germination 80% GRACE G. ANDERSON CO., INC., Dunkirk, N. Y. 278F Long Green Tilton School, Haverhill ASSOCIATED SEED GROWERS, INC., New Haven, Conn. 139F A&C, No. 70019 90 1/1941 W. G. Pearse & Co., Fall River JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 41F Davis Perfect, No. B 123 635 Long Ureen — — Arthur M. Justice, Hardware, East Weymouth W. ATLEE BURPEE CO., Philadelphia, Pa. 711 London or Improved Long Green - — C. B. Coburn Co., Lowell COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 322 White Spine - — H. Bruckmann, Lawrence 669 Improved White Spine - — W. C. Fuller Co., Mansfield EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass 252F Straight 8, No. 611 90 12/1940 Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Montello THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 79F Ace, No. 238 - 684 White Spine Salem Hardware Co., Salem FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 436 Improved Long Green - Carlisle Hardware Co., Springfield 94 May 95 May 92 May 96 May 47 X May 93 May 98 May 94 June 93 May 87 June 98 June 84 June 99 June 88 May 87 June 88 June 92 June — 78f June — 88 May Below Standard and below Guarantee Below Standard. 54 CONTROL SERIES No. Ill 1941 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES— Continued Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Lab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, No. and Place Collected Wholesaler's Germination % Date Germi- nation Found % Month of Test 1941 CUCUMBER— Concluded FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. 171F Improved Long Green 90 THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 60F Grey's, A-l CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 238F Ace Pierce Hardware Co., Taunton 547 Improved White Spine - Leominster Hardware Co., Leominster 809 Improved Long Green - Carr Hardware Co., Pittsfield 837 Early White Spine F. H. Turner & Co., Great Barrington BUDD D. HAWKINS, Reading, Vt. 884 Improved Long Green - Northboro Hardware Co., Northboro HYGRADE SEED CO., INC., Fredonia, N. Y. 292 Early Fortune Tilton School, Haverhill D. LANDRETH SEED CO., Bristol, Pa. 327F Straight 8 Frank P. Mills Co., Campello MICHAEL-LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago, 111. 555 Boston Pickling - W. E. Aubuchon Co., Inc, Leominster THE PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. 791 Long Green - Gatze Hardware Co., Webster PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 31F Davis Perfect, No. 2891 ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 185F Long Green, No. 269 97 F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 734 Improved White Spine - A. P. Marcorelle Co., Inc., Ipswich 775 Improved Long Green, No. 8-127 90 Kindler's Hardware Co., Webster 812 Woodruff Hybrid, No. 8-95 Peirson Hardware Co., Pittsfield S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS, Orange, Conn. 359 White Spine, No. 1722M 85 Monroe's Seed Market, Attleboro 703 Boston Pickling 95 Adams Hardware & Paint Co., Lowell 868 Boston Pickling Sadick Hardware & Paint Co., Worcester 1/1941 92 June 98 June 94 May 96 June 90 July 83 July 82 — 90 96 — 87 July June May June June — 90 June 1/1941 94 June - 93 June 11/1940 88 June - 91 July 12/1940 80 June 12/1940 97 June 96 July 13 DANDELION Standard Germination 45% EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass. Arlington Broadleaf, No. 8411 95 12/1940 May SEED INSPECTION 55 1941 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES — Continued Germi- Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Wholesaler's nation Month Lab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, Germination Found of Test No. and Place Collected % Date % 1941 DANDELION— Concluded THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 999 Common - Swartz Hardware Co., Newton BUDD D. HAWKINS, Reading, Vt. 1133 Improved Thick Leaved - Bengston Hardware Co., Gardner ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 660 Catalogna - A. I. Task Co., Brockton EGG PLANT Standard Germination 60% ASSOCIATED SEED GROWERS, INC., New Haven, Conn. 145 Black Beauty, No. 28289 68 12/1910 W. G. Pearse & Co., Fall River EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass 10 Black Beauty 15A-No. 12017 85 12/1940 FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 430 Improved Large Purple - Carlisle Hardware Co., .Springfield CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 235 Black Beauty Pierce Hardware Co., Taunton 996 N. Y. Purple Marcy Hardware Store, Needham ENDIVE Standard Germination 70% W. ATLEE BURPEE CO., Philadelphia, Pa. 993 Broad Leaved Batavian - Casey's Hardware Co., Milford EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass. 11 Green Curled Ruffec, No. 611 90 12/19 10 EMPIRE SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. Below Standard 620 Moss Curled 32 12/1940 Woodlawn Supply Co., South Hadley COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 415 Green Curled Bell Hardware Co., Stoneham FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 431 Broad Leaved Batavian - Carlisle Hardware Co., Springfield FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. Approx. 630 Broad Leaved Batavian 80 1/1941 Cohasset Hardware Co., Cohasset ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 876 Moss Curled Spag's Hardware, Shrewsbury WOODWORTH-BRADLEY, INC., Providence, R. I. 927 Escarole Broad Leaf - Franklin Hardware Co., North Attleboro 0t(c) June 3t June 61 May 84 May 89 May 87 May 75 May 73 July 86 June 94 May 47 June 88 May 85 May 92 June — 94 June — 82 June t Below Standard, (c) Wholesaler claims this seed not sold by him, at least not during current year. 56 CONTROL SERIES No. Ill 1941 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES— Continued Germi- Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Wholesaler's nation Month Lab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, Germination Found of Test No. and Place Collected % Date % 1941 579 KALE Standard Germination 75% COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. Tall Curled Scotch . C. S. Sawyer & Co., Fall River 53f(c) June 14 599 KOHLRABI Standard Germination 75% EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass. White Vienna, No. 611 85 12/1940 80 JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. Early White Vienna 80 1/1941 88 B. D. Rackliffe, Springfield June June LEEK Standard Germination 60% FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. Packed 1040 Broad Flag for C. K. Wanamaker, Arlington Heights 1941 NORTHRUP, KING & CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 1149 American Flag - H. J. Croteau Hardware Co., Northampton — 91 April — 56t August LETTUCE Standard Germination 80% GRACE G. ANDERSON CO., INC., Dunkirk, N. Y. 281 Early Prizehead Tilton School, Haverhill ASSOCIATED SEED GROWERS, INC., New Haven, Conn. 140F Imperial 44, No. 26290 90 11/1940 W. G. Pearse & Co., Fall River JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 962 Big Boston Hall & Torrey, Rockland W. ATLEE BURPEE CO., Philadelphia, Pa. 725 N. Y. #12 John W. Goodhue Corporation, Ipswich COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 267F N. Y. #12 A. E. Wordell, New Bedford 273 Imperial 847 Jerry's Hardware Co., New Bedford 319 Big Boston H. Bruckman, Lawrence 416 Black Seeded Tennisball Bell Hardware Co., Stoneham 688 May King Whitcomb-Carter Co., Beverly 91 May 77t May 82 June — 95 June 97 May 98 May 78t(c) May 27t(r0 June 98 June t Below Standard, (c) Wholesaler claims this seed not purchased from him, at least during current season. j Below Standard and below Guarantee. SEED INSPECTION 57 1941 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES— Continued Germi- Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Wholesaler's nation Month Lab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, Germination Found of Test No. and Place Collected % Date % 1941 LETTUCE— Continued CROSMAN SEED CORPORATION, East Rochester, N. Y. 1121 Iceberg 80 1941 Perron & Co., Southbridge EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass. 5F N. Y. 515, No. 718 95 12/1940 259 Imperial 847, No. 719 90 12/1940 Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Montello 907 N. Y. #12, No. 718 85 12/1940 Essex County Cooperative Farming Associa- tion, Topsfield THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 80F Big Boston, No. 294 398 Black Seeded Tennisball Thompson Hardware Co., Lowell 602 Simpson's Early Curled - Belmont Hardware Co., Springfield 685 New York or Wonderful Salem Hardware Co., Salem 726 Big Boston John W. Goodhue Corporation, Ipswich EMPIRE SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 301 N. Y. Iceberg 56 12/1940 Loring Cash Market, Lawrence FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 424 N. Y. (Iceberg Type) Carlisle Hardware Co., Springfield 575 Big Boston - Copeland Hardware Co., Taunton FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. 176F Iceberg 95 1/1941 FREDONIA SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 582 Early Curled Silesia C. S. Sawyer & Co., Fall River THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 61F Big Boston JOSEPH HARRIS CO., INC., Rochester, N. Y. 115F Imperial 847, No. 673 99 1941 Joseph Harris Co., Inc., Cambridge CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 239F N. Y. #12 - Pierce Hardware Co., Taunton 515 Big Boston Head - — C. F. Delano, Fairhaven 548 Prize Head Leominster Hardware Co., Leominster 615 Simpson - Dickinson's Central Grocery, Amherst BUDD D. HAWKINS, Reading, Vt. 1134 Early Prizehead Bengston Hardware Co., Gardner 80 95 89 94 June June June June 82 May 54f(c) May 35t(c) May 97 May 92 June •in June 10t(O June 37f(0 June 94 June 74t May 95 May 99 May 96 May 96 May 86 May 84 May June t Below Standard, (c) Wholesaler claims this seed not purchased from him, at least not during current year. 58 CONTROL SERIES No. Ill 1941 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES— Continued Germi- Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Wholesaler's nation Month Lab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, Germination Found of Test No. and Place Collected % Date % 1941 LETTUCE— Continued HYGRADE SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 129F Grand Rapids Spencer Borden School, Fall River 693 980 989 1066 161F 795 21 504 595 588 186F 659 1063 834 970 MICHAEL-LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago, 111. May King Winer Brothers, Beverly Big Boston Franklin Hardware & Plumbing Supply Co., Franklin Improved Hanson L. N. Jacques & Sons, Ine., Milford Iceberg - W. E. Aubuchon Co., Inc., Spencer NEW ENGLAND TORO CO., West Newton, Mass. Big Boston - THE PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. Black Seeded Simpson - Gatzke Hardware Co., Webster PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. Perry's Special Dark Green Romaine, No. 3721 - JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. Prizehead Early 75 Shurtleff Hardware Co., Middleboro Iceberg - O. C. Alderman, Springfield J. B. RICE, JR., INC., Shushan, N. Y. Approx. Iceberg 85 A. J. Desmarais, Hardware, Fall River ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. N. Y. #12, No. 132 97 Prizehead A. I. Task Co., Brockton 97 1/1941 10/1940 1/1941 New York or Wonderful - P. A. Richard Hardware Co., Spencer STERLING SEED CO., Minneapolis, Minn. Grand Rapids Packed for 1941 McLellan Stores, Great Barrington Improved Hansen Head . - W. T. Grant Co., Rockland 98 99 99 80 80 May 25f June 13t June 99 June 71t June 99 June It June 96 June 85 May 80 May May May June June June June 1054 332 341 405 407 VAUGHAN'S SEED STORE, New York City Grand Rapids Forcing H. W. Cogger, Reading F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. Special White Boston 1-148 Middlesex County Farm Bureau, Lowell Big Boston, No. 13117 Winer's Hardware Co., Randolph Iceberg Adams Hardware & Paint Co., Lowell Big Boston Adams Hardware & Paint Co., Lowell June 96 11/1939 97 May 90 12/1940 99 May - - 3t June _ — 96 May t Below Standard. SEED INSPECTION 59 1941 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES— Continued Germi- Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Wholesaler's nation Month Lab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, Germination Found of Test No. and Place Collected % Date % 1941 LETTUCE— Concluded F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS— Continued Approx. 530F White Boston 1-148 90 Middlesex County Farm Bureau, Waltham 839 White Seeded Simpson Piatt & Goslee, Great Barrington 893 Iceberg Danvers Hardware Co., Danvers S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS, Orange, Conn. 1132 Black Seeded Simpson - Bengston Hardware Co., Gardner WHOLESALER UNKNOWN 926 Prizehead Franklin Hardware Co., North Attleboro 11/1940 99 May 87 June 89 June 77t June Of June MUSKMELON Standard Germination 75% JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 499 Emerald Gem - — 85 June J. E. Jordon Co., Plymouth EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass. 260 Emerald Gem 21 A 1317 85 12/1940 94 June Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Montello MICHAEL-LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago, 111. 981 Banana - — 82 July Franklin Hardware & Plumbing Supply Co., Franklin JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 929 Rockf ord - — 80 July Franklin Hardware Co., North Attleboro F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 959 Delicious Early Bender - — 97 July Rome Hardware Co., Rockland ONIONS Standard Germination 70% GRACE G. ANDERSON CO., INC., Dunkirk, N. Y. 280 Yellow Globe Danvers - Tilton School, Haverhill JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 42 White Portugal, No. B221 500 Yellow Globe Danvers - J. E. Jordon Co., Plymouth W. ATLEE BURPEE CO., Philadelphia, Pa. 897 Yellow Globe Danvers Parker's Farm Supply Co., Danvers COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 270 Yellow Globe Danvers - A. E. Wordell, New Bedford 513 Southport White Globe Ricard Grain Co., New Bedford — 94 May — 89 May — 95 May — 64f July — 70(c) June — 49f(c) May t Below Standard, (c) Wholesaler claims this seed not sold by him, at least not during the current year. 60 CONTROL SERIES No. Ill 1941 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES — Continued Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Wholesaler's Lab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, Germination No. and Place Collected % Date Germi- nation Month Found of Test % 1941 1118 6 905 81 399 427 370 614 807 299 681 1003 420 228 22 1101 187 311 444 ONIONS— Continued CROSMAN SEED CORP., East Rochester, N. Y. Tested Yellow Globe Danvers 70 and Perron & Co., Southbridge Packed for 1941 EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass. Early Yellow Globe, No. 11119 75 12/1940 Yellow Globe Danvers No. 22 C 1317 80 12/1939 Essex County Cooperative Farming Associa- tion, Topsfield THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. Danvers Yellow Globe, No. 364 - — Large Red Wethersfield - — Thompson Hardware Co., Lowell FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. Yellow Globe Danvers - — Carlisle Hardware Co., Springfield FREDONIA SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. Yellow Globe Danvers - — George E. Warren, Hardware, Braintree CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. Yellow Globe Danvers - Dickinson's Central Grocery, Amherst Red Wethersfield Carr Hardware Co., Pittsfield BUDD D. HAWKINS, Reading, Vt. Yellow Globe Danvers - Francis Brothers, Inc., Reading D LANDRETH SEED CO., Bristol, Pa. Yellow Globe Danvers 78 1/1941 Salem Hardware Co., Salem LITTLE TREE FARMS, Framingham Center, Mass. Yellow Globe Danvers MICHAEL-LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago, 111. Yellow Globe Danvers - — W. E. Aubuchon Co., Inc., Millbury THE PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. Yellow Globe Danvers 60 1940 J. H. Fairbanks Co., Bridgewater PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. Early Yellow Globe, No. 4582 JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. Yellow Globe Danvers Faulkner Hardware Co., Palmer ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. Yellow Globe Danvers, No. 375 93 1/1941 THORNTON & CROUCH, Lawrence, Mass. Danvers Yellow Globe - F H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 'South port White Globe . . . Pittsfield Hardware & Plumbing Supply Co., Pittsfield 75 July 70 May 35t July 78 May 6f(c) June 77 May 70 May 88 July 72 July 75 June 51 1 July 61 1 July 62f June 69 May 79 May 2t(c) July 93 May 81 May 87 May t Below Standard and below Guarantee. t Below Standard. , . (c) Wholesaler claims this seed not sold by him, at least noi during current year. SEED INSPECTION 61 1941 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES — Continued Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Lab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, No. and Place Collected Wholesaler's Germination % Date Germi- nation Found % Month of Test 1941 ONIONS— Concluded F H. WOODRUFF & SONS— Continued 677 Yellow Globe Danvers - — yu July B. F. Hill Co., Salem 844 White Portugal . . . . . " 5t July E. A. Noble & Co., Stockbndge 894 Yellow Globe Danvers - 10t(c) July Danvers Hardware Co., Danvers 1146 Japanese Yellow ................ - — 31t Ju,v H. J. Croteau Hardware Co., Northampton S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS, Orange, Conn. 19/lQ4n 24t Julv 697 Yellow Globe, No. 2106 67 12/1940 24; July Adams Hardware & Paint Co., Lowell 1031 Yellow Globe Danvers - 70 July Bengston Hardware Co.. Gardner UNKNOWN _ 39+ j| 861 Yellow Globe Danvers .....■•■; " d9T JUly Worcester Grain & Coal Co., Worcester PARSLEY Standard Germination 60% W. ATLEE BURPEE, Philadelphia, Pa. 992 Plain or Single Casey's Hardware, Milford COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 274 Plain ~ — April Jerry's Hardware Co., New Bedford EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield Mass. 12 Plain Leaf Italian, No. 23 C 1617 So 12/1940 86 April CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 626 Moss Curled - 71 May Osborne Hardware Corporation, Holyoke THE PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. 586 Large Hamburg Rooted o5 08 lvlay Globe Hardware Co., Fall River ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. . , 878 Moss Curled . . ... . . . • ■ " — 7U July Spag's Hardware Co., Shrewsbury F H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 813 Moss Curled, No. 18036. ........ " ~" 91 JUly Peirson Hardware Co., Pittsfield 957 Moss Curled x"WV,-"J " — 74 July Rome Hardware Co., Rockland PARSNIP Standard Germination 60% GRACE G. ANDERSON CO., INC., Dunkirk, N. J. _ 283 Hollow Crown Tilton School, Haverhill JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. M 43F Hollow Crown, No. B 267 - ~ bb May (c) Wholesaler1 cfaima this seed not sold by him, at least not during the current year. X Below Standard and below Guarantee. 62 CONTROL SERIES No. Ill 1941 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES— Continued Germi- Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Wholesaler's nation Month Lab. Dealer Wnen Other Than Wholesale Distributor, Germination Found of Test No. and Place Collected % Date % 1941 PARSNIP— Concluded W. ATLEE BURPEE CO., Philadelphia, Pa. 710 Hollow Crown C. B. Coburn Co., Lowell COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 269F Improved Hollow Crown - A. E. Wordell, New Bedford CROSMAN SEED CORPORATION, East Rochester, N. Y. 447 Improved Hollow Crown 60 — Pittsfield Hardware & Plumbing Supply Co., Pittsfield EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass 253 Improved Hollow Crown, No. 11110 90 12/1940 Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Montello THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 82F Hollow Crown, No. 377 1110 Hollow Crown G. C. Winter Co., Southbridge FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 365 Hollow Crown - — Duncan Hardware Corp., Melrose 422 Hollow Crown Carlisle Hardware Co., Springfield THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass 62F Arlington Long Smooth - — JOSEPH HARRIS CO., INC., Rochester, N. Y. 116F Harris Model, No. 114 76 1941 Joseph Harris Co., Inc., Cambridge CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 81 1 Hollow Crown Carr Hardware Co., Pittsfield D. LANDRETH SEED CO., Bristol, Pa. 679 Hollow Crown Salem Hardware Co., Salem PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 23F Hollow Crown, No. 4791 JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 462F Long Smooth White Frank Howard, Inc., Pittsfield ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 188F Hollow Crown, No. 128 94 1/1941 F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 339 All American, No. 1-187 B 80 12/1939 Middlesex County Farm Bureau, Lowell 541F Hollow Crown, No. 1-0104 75 11/1940 Farm Service Co., Leominster S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS, Orange, Conn. 357F Hollow Crown, No. 2007 60 12/1940 Monroe's Seed Market, Attleboro WOOD WORTH-BRADLEY. INC., Providence, R. I. 350 Hollow Crown - — Hammond Hardware Co., Attleboro — 84 June — 67 May 63 May 84 June 65 May lt(c) July 71 May 61 May 80 May 60 § May 35t July 51t June 58f June 96 May 91 May 77 May 25J May 49t May 54 f May t Below Standard, (c) Wholesaler claims and retailer admits this seed not purchased during current year. § Above Standard but below Guarantee. I Below Standard and below Guarantee. SEED INSPECTION 63 1941 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES — Continued Germi- Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Wholesaler's nation Month Lab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, Germination Found of Test No. and Place Collected % Date % 1941 PEAS Standard Germination 80% W. E. AUBUCHON CO., INC., Fitehburg, Mass. 1068 American Wonder - W. E. Aubuchon Co., Inc., Spencer JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 412 Gradus or Prosperity - Frank W. Richardson, Waltham 856 Alaska or Clipper - Keystone Supply Co., Quincy W. ATLEE BURPEE CO., Philadelphia, Pa. 708 Gradus C. B. Coburn Co., Lowell COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 149 Alaska G. W. Gardiner & Sons, Fall River 263 World's Record - — A. E. Wordell, New Bedford 271 Nott's E'xcelsior - — Jerry's Hardware Co., New Bedford 320 Telephone - — H. Bruckmann, Lawrence EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass 257 World Record, No. 310 90 12/1940 Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Montello 258 Little Marvel, No. 10818 90 12/1940 Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Montello 904 Hundredfold Wrinkled, No. 2211 90 12/1940 Essex County Cooperative Farming Associa- tion, Topsfield THOMAS W EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 83 World's Record, No. 391 402 Tall Telephone ' Thompson Hardware Co., Lowell 604 American Wonder - — Belmont Hardware Co., Springfield FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 435 Blue Bantam Carlisle Hardware Co., Springfield 637 Nott's Excelsior, No. 38788 - — Reliable Hardware Co., Mattapam THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 63 Gradus JOSEPH HARRIS CO., INC., Rochester, N. Y. 117 Dwarf Alderman, No. 930 92 1941 Joseph Harris Co., Inc., Cambridge CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 233 World's Record Pierce Hardware Co., Taunton 501 Tall Telephone 90 12/1940 Buzzard's Bay Hardware Co., Buzzard's Bay — 96 — 94 — 85 June June June June 87 June 92 June 94 June 91 June 89 June 89 June 97 June 89 June 92 June 3t(c) June 97 June 95 June 92 June 86 June 96 June 97 June t Below Standard, (c) Wholesaler claims this seed not sold by him, at least not during current year. 64 CONTROL SERIES No. Ill 1941 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES— Continued Germi- Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Wholesaler's nation Month Lab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, Germination Found of Test No. and Place Collected % Date % 1941 PEAS— Continued CHARLES C. HART SEED CO.— Continued 516 Nott's Excelsior C. F. Delano, Fairhaven 881 Sutton's Excelsior Waite's Hardware Co., Shrewsbury 1145 Gradus - Federal Supply Co., Northampton D. LANDRETH SEED CO., Bristol, Pa. 324 Laxtonian - Frank P. Mills, Campello 716 Gradus Cover Grain & Feed Co., Lowell MICHAEL-LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago, 111. 695 Gradus or Prosperity - Winer Bros., Beverly 805 American Wonder - Glennon's Hardware, Dalton NEW ENGLAND TORO CO., West Newton, Mass. 168 Laxton's Progress - THE PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. 951 Gradus Henry L. Sawyer Co., Framingham PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 33 Laxton's Progress, No. 5726 JEROME B. RICE SEED CO.. Cambridge, N. Y. 592 Nott's Excelsior O. C. Alderman, Springfield 1099 Sutton's Excelsior - Faulkner Hardware Co., Palmer ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 194 Early Blue Bantam, No. 20 98 766 Sutton's Excelsior - H. B. Langer, Oxford 801 Improved Telephone - C. O. Carlson, Goshen THORNTON & CROUCH, Lawrence, Mass. 308 World's Record JOHN B. VARICK CO., Manchester, N. H. 558 World's Record Harlow Bros., Sterling F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 337 Gradus, No. 13915 88 Middlesex County Farm Bureau, Lowell 406 Sutton's Excelsior - Adams Hardware & Paint Co., Lowell 441 Gra/dus - Pittsfield Hardware & Plumbing Supply Co., Pittsfield 947 Improved Telephone, No. 6-1141 94 Boston Supply, Inc., Framingham 1/1941 1/1940 11/1940 89 June 86 June 90 June 88 June 92 June 80 June 82 June 89 June 87 June 92 June 87 June 91 June 97 June 87 June 94 86! June 88 June 82 June 82 June 90 June 77f June June t Below Standard. § Above Standard but below Guarantee. SEED INSPECTION 65 1941 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES— Continued Germi- Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Wholesaler's nation Month Lab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, Germination Found of Test No. and Place Collected % Date % 1941 PEAS— Concluded S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS, Orange, Conn. Approx. 352 Telephone, No. 2109 80 12/1940 86 June Monroe's Seed Market, Attleboro Approx. 858 Nott's Excelsior, No. 2198 90 — 95-1 June Worcester Grain & Coal Co., Worcester WOODWORTH-BRADLEY, INC., Providence, R. I. 351 Gradus or Prosperity - — 94 June Hammond Hardware Co., Attleboro PEPPERS Standard Germination 55% JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 44F California Wonder, No. B 131 - — 90 May 520 Large Bell or Bull Nose - — 59 May Bogle Hill Hardware Co., Fall River COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 148F California Wonder - — 88 May G. W. Gardiner & Sons, Fall River 925 Hot Bull Nose - — 13t(c) July Franklin Hardware Co., North Attleboro EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass. 7F Early Giant, No. 7418 70 12/1940 73 May THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 84F California Wonder, No. 425 - — 94 May THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 64F California Wonder - — 87 May JOSEPH HARRIS CO., INC., Rochester, N. Y. 122F Harris Wonder, No. 626 88 1941 79§ May Joseph Harris Co., Inc., Cambridge CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 234F California Wonder - , — 95 May Pierce Hardware Co., Taunton 1082 Harris Early Giant - — 65 July J. Russell & Co., Inc., Holyoke HYGRADE SEED CO., INC., Fredonia, N. Y. 289 California Wonder - — 79 May Tilton School, Haverhill PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 24F California Wonder, No. 5021 - — 95 May ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 189F Large Bell or Bull Nose, No. 253 90 1/1941 94 May F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 333 California Wonder No. 14646 90 12/1939 88 May Middlesex County Farm Bureau, Lowell 948 World Beater - — 75 July Boston Supply, Inc., Framingham t Below Standard, (c) Wholesaler claims this seed not sold by him, at least not during the current year. § Above Standard but below Guarantee. 66 CONTROL SERIES No. Ill 1941 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES— Continued Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Lab. Dealer When Otner Than Wholesale Distributor, No. and Place Collected Germi- Wholesaler's nation Month Germination Found of Test % Date % 1941 PUMPKIN Standard Germination 75% COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 1092 Sugar - — Field's Hardware Co., Chicopee EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass 383 New England Pie, No. 8111 85 2/1941 Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Waltham CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 1087 Small Sugar J. Russell & Co., Inc., Holyoke F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 542 Sugar, No. 13573 - — Farm Service Co., Leominster RADISH Standard Germination 75% GRACE G. ANDERSON CO., INC., Dunkirk, N. Y. 282F Early Scarlet Turnip White Tip Tilton School, Haverhill JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 45F Scarlet Globe, No. 0355 COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 154F Early Scarlet Globe G. W. Gardiner & Sons, Fall River 275 White Tipped Globe - — Jerry's Hardware Co., New Bedford 689 French Breakfast - — Whitcomb-Carter Co., Beverly CROSMAN SEED CORP., East Rochester, N. Y. Packed 1119 Early Scarlet Globe 80 for Perron & Co., Southbridge 1941 EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass 8F Early Scarlet Globe, No. 1010 85 12/1940 THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 85F Early Scarlet Turnip, No. 457 719 French Breakfast - — Butmah Feed Co., Lynn 1 109 White Tip Scarlet Turnip G. C. Winter Co., Southbridge EMPIRE SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 625 Early Crimson Giant Globe 50 12/1941 Woodlawn Supply Co., South Hadley FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 438 Early Scarlet Turnip White Tipped Carlisle Hardware Co., Springfield 1089 Early Scarlet Globe Med Top La Fleurs, Hardware & Paint, Chicopee FREDONIA SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 1 106 Early Long Scarlet Short Top Parker's Store, Fiskdale 68t(c) July 91 July 79 July 91 July — 90 May — 90 May — ' 98 May — 87 May 82 June 86 June 86 June 96 June 16t(c) June 73t(c) June 50 July 81 May 97 June 87 June t Below Standard, (c) Wholesaler claims this seed not sold by him, at least not during current year. SEED INSPECTION 67 1941 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES— Continued Germi- Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Wholesaler's nation Month Lab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, Germination Found of Test No. and Place Collected % Date % 1941 98 May- 97 May 76 June 82 June June RADISH— Concluded FREDONIA SEED CO.— Continued 1160 French Breakfast - — 78 June J. H. Morrissey, South Deerfield THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 65 Early Scarlet Globe - — CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 508 Early Scarlet Globe 96 1/1941 Allen Hersom Co., Bedford 952 Scarlet Globe White Tip Henry L. Sawyer Co., Framingham 1143 French Breakfast Federal Supply Co., Northampton HYGRADE SEED CO., INC., Fredonia, N. Y. 126F Early Scarlet White Tip - — 96 Spencer Borden School, Fall River MICHAEL-LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago, 111. 553F White Tip Scarlet Turnip W. E. Aubuchon Co., Inc., Leominster 988 Early Scarlet Turnip - — L. N. Jacques & Sons, Inc., Milford PERRY SEED CO , Boston, Mass 25F Early Scarlet Globe, No. 5822 JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 507 Early Scarlet Turnip 75 1/1941 Shurtleff Hardware Co., Middleboro 594 French Breakfast O. C. Alderman, Springfield ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 190F Scarlet Globe, No. 400 98 1/1941 662 Early Round Scarlet White Tip A. I. Task Co., Brockton 1015 Early Scarlet Turnip City Grain Co., Marlboro F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. Approx. 540F Scarlet Globe, No. 14534 87 11/1940 83 May Farm Service Co., Leominster 732 Sparkler - — 92 June A. P. Marcorelle Co., Inc., Ipswich 776 French Breakfast - — 71f(c) June Kindler's Hardware Co., Webster 63t May 88 June 91 May 92 May 77 May 97 May 96 June — 7 It June RUTABAGA Standard Germination 75% JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 52F American Improved Purple Top, No. B-244 ... - BROWNELL HARDWARE CO., Attleboro, Mass. 343 Large White French or Rock - 95 July 65t July t Below Standard, (c) Wholesaler claims this seed not sold by him, at least not during current year. 68 CONTROL SERIES No. Ill 1941 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES— Continued Germi- Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Wholesaler's nation Month Lab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, Germination Found of Test No. and Place Collected % Date % 1941 RUTABAGA— Concluded COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 152F Macomber 85 12/1940 74-10J 9/1941 G. W. Gardiner & Sons, Fall River 666 Purple Top - — - 90 July W. C. Fuller Co., Mansfield EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass. 254F Macomber, White Cap, No. 10811 90 12/1940 96 July Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Montello 379 Macomber, No. 10811 95 12/1940 96 July Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Waltham THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 86F American Purple Top, No. 577 - — 45t July 717 Swede Shamrock - 0t(c) July Butnmn Feed Co., Lynn 727 Purple Top - — 80 July John W. Goodhue Corporation, Ipswich THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 66F Improved American Purple Top - — 86 July BUDD D. HAWKINS, Reading, Vt. 885 New White Sweet German - — 38f July Northboro Hardware Co., Northboro PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 30F Improved American Purple Top, No. 7133 - — 46t July F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 676 American Purple Top - — 89 July B. F. Hill Co., Salem SALSIFY Standard Germination 75% THE PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. Approx. 803 Mammoth Sandwich Island 85 C. O. Carlson, Goshen 1940 -AS July SPINACH Standard Germination: Common 60% ASSOCIATED SEED GROWERS, INC., New Haven, Conn. 142F Bloomsdale Savoy Long Standing, No. 98624 . . 75 10/1940 W. G. Pearse & Co., Fall River JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 46F Viking, No. 0450 W. ATLEE BURPEE CO., Philadelphia, Pa. 845 Noble Giant E. A. Noble & Co., Stockbridge 882 Bloomsdale Northboro Hardware Co., Northboro COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 268F King of Denmark A. E. Wordell, New Bedford 70 76 — 80 — 87 April April June June Apri 1 t Below Standard and below Guarantee, t Below Standard, (c) Wholesaler claims this seed not purchased from him, at least not during current year. SEED INSPECTION 69 1941 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES— Continued Germi- Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Wholesaler's nation Month Lab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, Germination Found of Test No. and Place Collected % Date % 1941 SPINACH— Concluded COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO.— Continued 687 Giant Thick Leaf Whitcomb-Carter Co., Beverly THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 87F Rough Thick Leaf, No. 478 728 Long Standing - John W. Goodhue Corporation, Ipswich 1034 Savoy Arlington Hardware Co., Inc., Arlingtou EMPIRE SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 303 Large Bloomsdale-Savoy leaved - Loring Cash Market, Lawrence FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 429F Giant Thick Leaved - — Carlisle Hardware Co., Springfield THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 67F King of Denmark JOSEPH HARRIS CO., INC., Rochester, N. Y. 119F Long Standing Bloomsdale, No. 483 92 1941 Joseph Harris Co., Inc., Cambridge CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 509 Bloomsdale Blight Resistant 87 1/1941 Allen Hersom Co., New Bedford D. LANDRETH SEED CO., Bristol, Pa. 329F Bloomsdale Reselected Frank P Mills, Campello THE PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. 226F Thick Leaf V-l 1-7838 75 1/1941 J. H. Fairbanks Co., Bridgewater PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 26F King of Denmark, No. 6104 ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 193F Virginia Savoy, No 246 94 2/1941 866 Bloomsdale Long Standing - Worcester Grain & Coal Co., Worcester THORNTON & CROUCH, Lawrence, Mass. 312F Bloomsdale Long Standing Savoy - F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 675 Bloomsdale Long Standing Savoy - B. F. Hill Co., Salem Approx. 841 Long Standing, No. 14590 53 10/1940 Piatt & Goslee, Great Barrington S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS, Orange, Conn. 702 Savoy Adams Hardware & Paint Co., Lowell — 71 May — 83 April — 75 May — 73 June — 67 April — 74 April — 89 April 86 May 82 June 71 April 90 April 73 April 94 April 86 June 68 April 79 May 44(k) July 90 May SQUASH Standard Germination 75% JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 47F Warren Turban, No. B 250 91 July (k) Equal to Guarantee, allowing tolerance, but below Standard. 70 CONTROL SERIES No. Ill 1941 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES— Continued Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Lab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, No. and Place Collected Wholesaler's Germination % Date Germi- nation Month Found of Test % 1941 SQUASH— Continued JOSEPH BRECK & SONS— Continued 963 Giant Summer Crookneck Hall & Torrey, Rockland W. ATLEE BURPEE CO., Philadelphia, Pa. 898 Summer Crookneck Parker Farm Supply Co., Danvers COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 155F Blue Hubbard G. W. Gardiner & Sons, Fall River 347 Golden Summer Crookneck Wm. F. Flynn & Son, Attleboro 667 Summer Crookneck W. C. Fuller Co., Mansfield 690 Warren Whitcomb-Carter Co., Beverly EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass 256F Conn. Straight Neck, No. 14918 90 12/1940 Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Montello 908 Warren's Essex, No. 14918 ■ ■ 85 12/1938 Essex County Cooperative Farming Associa- tion, Topsfield THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 88F Warren Essex, No. 517 ~ 1108 Summer Crookneck G. C. Winter, Hardware, Southbridge FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 432F Giant Straight Neck Carlisle Hardware Co., Springfield THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 68F Blue Hubbard JOSEPH HARRIS CO., INC., Rochester, N. Y. 121F Warren, No. 675 96 1941 Joseph Harris Co., Inc., Cambridge CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 617 Table Queen Acorn • Dickinson's Central Grocery, Amherst -.1158 Green Hubbard ,. . •-• -■• ■•• • •• " Sears, Plumbing & Heating Co., South Deerfield MICHAEL-LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago, 111. 987 Giant Summer Crookneck L. N. Jacques & Sons, Inc., Milford PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 27F Warted Hubbard, No. 6398 JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 464F Giant Summer Crookneck • Frank Howard, Inc., Pittsfield ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 191F Early Summer Crookneck, No. 332 92 1/1941 1064 Table Queen or Des Moines P. A. Richard Hardware Co., Spencer 83 July- 77 July 98 July 98 July 90 July 95 July 92 July 84 July 93 July 46t(c) July — 92 July 93 July 92 July 91 July 72f July 99 July 69 1 July 90 July 93 July 98 July (el wtXslwclahns this seed not sold by him, at least not during the current year. SEED INSPECTION 71 1941 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES— Continued Germi- Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Wholesaler's nation Month Lab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, Germination Found of Test No. and Place Collected % Date % 1941 SQUASH— Concluded F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 498 Early Summer Crookneck - Kingston Hardware Co., Kingston 960 Early Summer Crookneck - — - Rome Hardware Co., Rockland 1147 Conn. Straight Neck H. J. Croteau Hardware Co., Northampton S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS, Orange, Conn. Approx. 360F Straight Neck, No. 2056 79 12/1940 Monroe's Seed Market, Attleboro SWISS CHARD Standard Germination 65% COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 272 Giant Lucullus Jerry's Hardware Co , New Bedford 576 Silver C. S. Sawyer & Co., Fall River EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield. Mass 382 Lucullus, No. 1019 75 12/1940 Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Walt ham THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 982 Lucullus Franklin Hardware & Plumbing Supply Co., Franklin 1000 Dark Green Swartz Hardware Co , Newton CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 627 Dark Green Osborne Hardware Corp., Holyoke D. LANDRETH SEED CO., Bristol, Pa. 683 Lucullus - Salem Hardware Co., Salem MICHAEL-LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago, 111. 554 Silver - — W. E. Aubuchon Co., Inc., Leominster THE PAGE SEED CO , Greene, N. Y. Approx. 953 Lucullus Dll, No. 4838 75 1/1941 Henry L. Sawyer Co., Framingham ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 877 Lucullus Spag's Hardware Co., Shrewsbury F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 846 Lucullus - — E. A. Noble & Co., Stockbridge S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS, Orange, Conn. Approx. 358 Lucullus, No. 1375 R 70 12/1940 Monroe's Seed Market, Attleboro 85 July 85 July 94 July 96 July 70 June 65 May 69 June 83 July 0t(c) July — 83 June — 96 June — 58t August 78 July 82 July — 87 July 90 June t Below Standard, (c) Wholesaler claims this seed not sold by him, at least not during current year. 72 CONTROL SERIES No. Ill 1941 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES— Continued Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Lab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, No. and Place Collected Wholesaler's Germination % Date Germi- nation Found % TOMATO Standard Germination 75% ASSOCIATED SEED GROWERS, INC., New Haven, Conn 143F Bonnv Best, No. 38789 89 8/1940 W. G. Pearse & Co., Fall River JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 48F Marglobe, No. B 143 COBURN SEED & SUPPLY CO., Chelmsford, Mass. 393 Coburn's Special Bonny Best, No. 2888 COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 151F Bonny Best G. W. Gardiner & Sons, Fall River 928 Dwarf Champion Franklin Hardware Co., North Attleboro 1091 New Stone . Field's Hardware Co., Chicopee CROSMAN SEED CORPORATION, East Rochester, N. Y. 1120 Clark's Early Jewel Perron & Co., Southbridge EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield Mass. 9F Marglobe, No. 34C-12016 85 12/1940 380 Comet, No. 34G-18427 - ...... 85 12/1940 Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Waltham THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 89F Bonny Best, No. 542 FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 428 Marglobe • ■ ■ - Carlisle Hardware Co., Springfield 573 Dwarf Champion Copeland Hardware Co., Taunton FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. Approx. 174F Special Earliana 85 ml FREDONIA SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 581 Ponderosa C. S. Sawyer & Co., Fall River THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 69F John Baer JOSEPH HARRIS CO., INC., Rochester, N. Y. 118F Victor, No. 8511 •• ■• •• 92 1941 Joseph Harris Co., Inc., Cambridge CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 243F Marglobe Pierce Hardware Co., Taunton 1083 John Baer • • • ■ ■ • J. Russell & Co., Inc., Holyoke 1141 Bonny Best . . • . . ■ • • Federal Supply Co., Northampton HYGRADE SEED CO., INC., Fredonia, N. Y. 290 Marglobe ■ • ■ Tlton School, Haverhill 84 94 Month of Test 1941 May 89 May 96 May 94 May 64 f July 92 July July 91 May 91 May 87 May 83 May 76 May 79 June 85 May 91 May 93 May 93 May 82 July 84 July May t Below Standard. SEED INSPECTION 73 1941 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Continued VEGETABLES— Continued Germi- Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Wholesaler's nation Month Lab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, Germination Found of Test No. and Place Collected % Date % 1941 TOMATO— Concluded D. LANDRETH SEED CO., Bristol, Pa. 330 Marglobe - — 89 May Frank P. Mills, Campello MICHAEL-LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago, 111. 692 John Baer - — 97 July Winer Bros., Beverly NEW ENGLAND TORO CO., West Newton, Mass. 156F Ponderosa - — 93 May PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 28F Bonny Best, No. 6916 - — 95 May JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 1105 Pritchard - — 82 July Faulkner Hardware Co., Palmer ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 192F Bonny Best, No. 260 94 1/1941 95 May STERLING SEED CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 835 Spark's Earliana - — 78 July McLellan Stores, Great Barrington THORNTON & CROUCH, Lawrence, Mass. 316 Marglobe - 90 May F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 334 Marglobe, No. 14713 93 1/1940 95 May Middlesex County Farm Bureau, Lowell Approx. 404 John Baer, No. 2307-R 75 12/1940 76 May Adams Hardware & Paint Co., Lowell 442 Bonny Best - — 95 May Pittsfield Hardware & Plumbing Supply Co., Pittsfield Approx. 949 Bonny Best, No. 18030 87 11/1940 91 July Boston Supply, Inc., Framingham S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS, Orange, Conn. 892 Bonny Best, No. 3072 78 12/1938 66J July Dan vers Hardware Co., Danvers TURNIP Standard Germination 80% ASSOCIATED SEED GROWERS, INC., New Haven, Conn. 144F White Egg, No. 39297 90 10/1940 93 July W. G. Pearse & Co., Fall River JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 49F White Egg, No. B-247 - — 97 July W. ATLEE BURPEE CO., Philadelphia, Pa. 883 Purple Top White Globe - — 98 July Northboro Hardware Co., Northboro COMSTOCK , FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn, 316 Yellow Globe - — 85 July Wm. F. Flynn & Son, Attleboro EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass. 255F Purple Top White Milan, No. 5118 90 12/1940 90 July Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Montello J Below Standard and below Guarantee. 74 CONTROL SERIES No. Ill 1941 OFFICIAL INSPECTION OF AGRICULTURAL SEEDS— Concluded VEGETABLES— Concluded Wholesale Distributor, Kind of Seed and Variety, Wholesaler's Lab. Dealer When Other Than Wholesale Distributor, Germination No. and Place Collected % Date Germi- nation Month Found of Test % 1941 TURNIP— Concluded THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 90F Purple Top Flat Strap Leaf, No. 562 1001 Silver Top Swartz Hardware Co., Newton FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 437 Yellow Globe Carlisle Hardware Co., Springfield ERASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. Approx. 172F Early Purple Top Strap Leaf 90 1/1941 FREDONIA SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 1107 Purple Top White Globe - — Parker's Store, Fiskdale THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 70F White Egg CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., \> ethersfield, Conn. 1086 Yellow Globe J. Russell & Co., Inc., Holyoke NEW ENGLAND TORO CO., West Newton, Mass. 157F Purple Top Strap Leaf - — PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 29F Purple Top White Globe JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 1102 Yellow Globe - — Faulkner Hardware Co., Palmer ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 1016 Purple Top Strap Leaf — — City Grain Co., Marlboro F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 531 Red Top White Globe, No. 129972 90 11/1940 Middlesex County Farm Bureau, Waltham WATERMELON Standard Germination 70% EASTERN STATES FARMERS' EXCHANGE, Springfield, Mass 381 Cole's Early, No. 611 80 12/1940 Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Waltham CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 1085 Kleckley Sweet 86 12/1940 J Russell & Co., Inc., Holvoke — 94 July — 0t(c) July — 66f July 89-2 July 80 July 95 July 91 July 91 July 91 July 0t(c) July 86 July 94 July 80 July 95 July t Below Standard. fci Wholesaler claims this seed not sold by him, at least not during current year. SEED INSPECTION 76 TYPE AND VARIETY STUDIES OF VEGETABLES Conducted in Conjunction with the Department of Olericulture, Grant B. Snyder, Professor Tests have been conducted by the Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station for the past six years to acquaint vegetable growers with the relative merits of different commercial strains of certain vegetable varieties and to inform seed distributors of the adaptability of their varieties and strains to climatic and soil conditions similar to those prevailing at Amherst. During the 1941 season 220 lots were planted in the trials, including beans, beets, broccoli, cabbage, carrots, cauliflower, corn, cucumbers, lettuce, parsnips, peppers, radish, rutabagas, spinach, squash, tomato, and turnip The soil of the trial plot was a fine, sandy loam and is naturally fertile. A rye cover crop was plowed under, a liberal quantity of fertilizer was applied, and the soil was thoroughly prepared prior to seedage and plant setting. Growth and development was generally satisfactory although it was necessary to replant several of the kinds due to a poor stand of plants caused by a hard crust of soil which had baked over the germinating seedlings. _ Yields of the various crops were not measured because of the necessity of using small plots and also because replication of the plantings was not feasible due to the large number of strains and varieties that were compared. Conformity to type has been the measure of general excellence in these studies. lype in plants deals with many characteristics such as shape of the marketable part of the plant; relative smoothness, tallness, or dwarfness; different colors o flowers fruits, or seeds; disease resistance or susceptibility; and many other well defined Individual plants have been called "off-type" when they could not be classified in a group of plants ranging fairly close to the average for the particular strain or variety under consideration. The results reported below, however, should be interpreted with certain reservations because of the fact that all strains and varieties are not affected alike by various climatic and sod conditions. It is a noteworthy fact that there were about the same number and degree of oil-type plants as in the tests for 1940. . \11 the samples tested in the field trial plots were taken by an inspector em- ployed by the Massachusetts State Department of Agriculture from lots of seed offered for sale in Massachusetts by various wholesale and retail merchants. The source of the seed and the laboratory germination records are to be found in the tables on pages 39-74, where the lots of seed used in the field tests are identi- fied by the letter "F" added to the laboratory number. Those seeds tested in the field and not included in the following table were found 100% true to type. 76 CONTROL SERIES No. Ill Lab. No. FIELD TESTS OF VEGETABLE SEEDS Kind of Seed and Variety True to Type Percent Remarks BEANS 146 F Long Yellow Six Weeks — Not Yellow — more typical of Bountiful BEETS 36 F Early Wonder, B 188 94 6% flat 181 F Early Wonder, No. 125 .' 94 6% flat 264 F Early Wonder 96 2% very flat — 2% long top-shaped 309 F Early Wonder 96 2% flat — 2% top shaped 325 F Early Wonder 92 6% flat — 2% long top-shaped 552 F Early Egyptian 96 2% top-shaped — 2% blocky 390 F Early Wonder, No. 3100 92 8% flat 147 F Boston Crosby 96 2% flat — 2% blocky 169 F Boston Crosby 94 6% flat 16 F Crosby's Egyptian, No. 1143 94 4% flat — 2% blocky 54 F Crosby's Egyptian 98 2% flat 72 F Crosby's Egyptian, No. 47 98 2% blocky 159 F Crosby's Egyptian 98 2% flat 414 F Crosby's Egyptian 98 2% real flat 114 F Detroit Dark Red, No. 435 94 6% spindle-shaped 127 F Detroit Dark Red 98 2% flat 136 F Detroit Dark Red, No. 20805 96 4% spindle-shaped 300 F Detroit Dark Red 96 4% long 361 F Detroit Dark Red, No. 2179 94 6% flat 417 F Detroit Dark Red 94 2% flat — 2% spindle-shaped — 2% long 459 F Detroit Dark Red 98 2% long 528 F Detroit Dark Red 94 4% spindle-shaped — 2% light colored CARROTS 58 F Chantenay 90 10% long tapered 128 F Chantenay, Long Type 88 12% long tapered 1 60 F Chantenay 90 10% long top-shaped 170 F Chantenay 92 8% long top-shaped 298 F Chantenay, Red Cored 96 4% long top-shaped 349 F Chantenay 96 4% long top-shaped 418 F Chantenay 88 12% long top-shaped 549 F Chantenay 72 28% very long — like Long Orange 237 F Danvers Half Long 80 20% very stump-rooced 310 F Danvers Half Long 76 24% very stump-rooted — Good Chantenay 340 F Danvers Half Long, No. 17386 96 4% very stump-rooted 355 F Danvers Half Long, No. 2178 96 4% very stump-rooted 426 F Danvers Half Long 92 8% very stump-rooted 461 F Danvers Long Pointed 96 2% white - 2% very yellow 39 F Hutchinson, No. B 202 98 2% cylindrical 266 F Hutchinson 94 6% stump-rooted 326 F Hutchinson 92 8% very stump-rooted 391 F Hutchinson, No. 3171 96 4% very stump-rooted 77 F Imperator, No 141 80 20% very stump-rooted 153 F Oxheart 98 2% very light colored LETTUCE 161 F Big Boston 90 5% very light colored — 5% non- heading 186 F N. Y. 4*12, No. 132 95 5% off-type — very heavy and dark green leaf — seeds early SEED INSPECTION 77 FIELD TESTS OF VEGETABLE SEEDS— Concluded Lab. No. Kind of Seed and Variety True to Type Percent Remarks RADISH 8F Early Scarlet Globe, No. 1010 84 25 F Early Scarlet Globe, No. 5822 88 154 F Early Scarlet Globe 88 85 F Early Scarlet Turnip, No. 457 92 282 F Early Scarlet Turnip White Tip 84 126 F Early Scarlet White Tip 92 45 F Scarlet Globe, No. 0355 96 190 F Scarlet Globe, No. 400 94 540 F Scarlet Globe, No. 14534 88 553 F White Tip Scarlet Turnip 94 TURNIP 29 F Purple Top White Globe 92 157 F Purple Top Strap Leaf 97 49 F White Egg, No. B 247 92 70 F White Egg 96 144 F White Egg, No. 39297 94 10% long tapering — 6% spindle- shaped — generally poor color 2% off color — 6% long tapering — 4% spindle-shaped 6% spindle-shaped — 6% long tapering 8% long tapering 8% spindle-shaped — 8% long tapering 4% white roots — 4% long tapering 4% long tapering 2% long bottle neck — 4% long spindle-shaped 12% long spindle-shaped 2% white root — 2% long spindle- shaped — 2% long top-shaped 8% long tapering — quite variable 3% long tapering 8% very long and tapering 4% very long and tapering 6% very long and tapering 78 CONTROL SERIES No. Ill STUDIES OF FLOWER SEEDS Conducted by the Department of Floriculture Clark L. Thayer, Professor For the sixth season the Department of Floriculture has cooperated with the Seed Laboratory in maintaining trials to determine the quality of flower seed sold in retail seed stores, hardware stores, chain stores, schools, and other retail outlets. The seeds, which were collected by the State Seed Inspector, were tested by germination and performance under field conditions. Seeds of 209 lots, representing 49 genera, packeted by 32 concerns and obtained from 78 retail outlets, were distributed as follows: Ageratum 6 Larkspur (Delphinium) 6 Alonsoa 1 Lupinus (Lupine) 3 Allysum 5 Marigold (Tagetes) 13 Anagallis (Pimpernel) 2 Matthiola bicornis (Evening Scented Stock) 1 Antirrhinum (Snapdragon) 8 Mignonette (Reseda) 5 Aster (Callistephus) 7 Moonflower (Ipomoea) 2 Bachelor Button (Centaurea) 6 Morning Glory (Ipomoea) 8 Balsam (Impatiens) 2 Nasturtium (Tropaeolum) 11 Blue Lace Flower (Didiscus) 2 Nicotiana 2 Calendula 7 Nigella 3 California Poppy (Eschscholtzia) 3 Petunia 9 Candytuft (Iberis) 5 Phlox 3 Chrysanthemum 3 Poppy (Papaver) 4 Cockscomb (Celosia) 2 Portulaca 5 Cosmos 5 Rudbeckia (Coneflower) 1 Daisy, African (Dimorphotheca) 2 Salpiglossis 2 Daisy, Dahlborg (Gamolepis) 1 Salvia 4 Dianthus 5 Sanvitalia 1 Diascia 1 Scabiosa 5 Euphorbia (Snow on-the-Mountain) 1 Stock (Matthiola) 4 Four-O'Clock (Mirabilis) 2 Sunflower (Helianthus) 3 Galllardia 3 Verbena 4 Gilia 3 Wallflower (Cheiranthus) 1 Godetia 1 Zinnia 13 Gypsophila (Baby's Breath) 5 Helichrysum (Strawflower) 4 TOTAL 209 Kochia (Mexican Fire Bush) 4 No germination tests were made in the laboratory on any of the lots of seed, since many of the packets contained too small a quantity of seed for both field and laboratory tests. Remarks on germination observed in the field are com- parative and are not rated on a percentage basis. When the number of seeds permitted, rows fifteen feet long were sown. Ger- mination was rated as "good" if the seeds germinated in approximately two-thirds of the row; "fair" between one-third and two-thirds; "poor" for one-third or less. Performance was designated as "satisfactory" if the varieties were true to name, producing only a low percentage of plants which were not true to form or color (one-third or less); "fair" between one-third and two-thirds not true; and "not satisfactory" if less than one-third was true to name or did not produce satis- factory plants for providing sufficient data. As far as possible trueness-to-type was determined, but since many lots were described as mixtures or did not carry varietal names, a wide range in color and form was permissible. SEED INSPECTION 79 The seeds were sown between June 13 and 24, the delay being caused by weather conditions which made it impossible to get the seeds into the ground in a shorter period. The first killing frost occurred on September 30 but many of the hardy annuals were not seriously injured by frost until October 26. Total rainfall for the months of June, July, August, and September in 1941 was 14.84 inches as compared with 10.24 inches in 1940, 12.73 inches in 1939, and 32.49 inches in 1938. The normal rainfall for this period of four months is 16.19 inches.1 Lab. No. FLOWER SEED INSPECTION Kind and Variety of Seed, Wholesale Dis- tributor, Dealer When Other Than Whole- sale Distributor, and Place Collected Germi- nation Field Tests Performance AGERATUM THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 99F Blue Perfection Good Satisfactory FREDONIA SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 371F Blue Fa,r Satisfactory George E. Warren, Hardware, Braintree CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn 889F Blue Perfection Good Satisfactory The Welch Co., Scituate NEW ENGLAND TORO CO., West Newton, Mass. 166F Blue Perfection Good Satisfactory STERLING SEED CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 830F Dwarf Blue Fair Satisfactory McLellan's Store Co., Great Barnngton THORNTON & CROUCH, Lawrence, Mass. 313F Gold Medal Good Satisfactory ALONSOA— Maskflower JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. - 474F Alonsoa Mutise — Salmon Orange Poor Not Satisfactory ALYSSUM EMPIRE SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. , inQ7F Onld I Dust Good Not satisfactory — about J097F Gold D^t Flowerghop; ^^ 25% Sweet Alyssum MANDEVILLE, KING & CO., Rochester, N. Y. 754F Snow Cloth Good SaUsfactory Frank Harkins, East Milton THE PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. r„^.„™ 229F Sweet Poor Not Satisfactory J. H. Fairbanks Co., Bridgewater PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 735F Carpet of Snow Good Satisfactory J. B. RICE, JR., INC., Shushan, N. Y. 1048F Little Gem Good Satisfactory Fred F. Smith, Inc., Reading ANAGALLIS JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. ,«,„♦„„, 484F Anagallis-Pimpernel, Gentian Blue Good Satisfactory MANDEVILLE, KING & CO., Rochester, N. Y ' 936F Anagallis, Scarlet and other colors Good Satisfactory Vanderhoof Hardware Co., Concord iData on precipitation and frosts were taken from the monthly bulletins, "Meteorological Ob- servations," of the Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station. 80 CONTROL SERIES No. Ill FLOWER SEED INSPECTION — Continued Lab. Kind and Variety of Seed, Wholesale Dis- No. tributor, Dealer When Other Than Whole- sale Distributor, and Place Collected Germi- nation Field Tests Performance ANTIRRHINUM — Snapdragon GRACE G. ANDERSON CO., INC., Dunkirk, N. Y. 286F Choice Colors Fair Tilton School, Haverhill FREDONIA SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 767F Finest Mixed Fair Langer Hardware Co., Oxford THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 488F Rust Resistant — Maximum Mixed Good LITTLE TREE FARMS, Framingham Center, Mass. 1005F Canary Bird Fair NORTHRUP, KING & CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 748F All Colors Mixed Good F. W. Woolworth Co., Wollaston PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 736F Indian Summer Fair JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 818F Giant Scarlet Good Frank Howard, Inc., Pittsfield VAUGHAN'S SEED STORE, New York City 757F Rustproof — University of California Mixed Fair H. C. Winton, Winchester ASTER CHASE NURSERY, Winchendon, Mass. 439F Wilt Resistant Good Pierce Hardware Co., Millbury COBURN SEED AND SUPPLY CO., Chelmsford, Mass. 394F Giant Branching Mixed Good FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 1033F Giant Crego White Good Jewett Hardware Co., Belmont THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 492F Giant Harmony — Morning Mist Good 493F Early Giant, Wilt Resistant, Light Blue Good J. B. RICE, JR., INC., Shushan, N. Y. 815F Heart of France Fair Peirson Hardware Co., Pittsfield ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 197F Super Giant Los Angeles Good BACHELOR BUTTON THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 97F Blue Florist Strain Fair FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. 934F Double Blue Select Florist Strain Good The Pettee Co., Sharon FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 1026F Jubilee Gem Poor Coolidge Paint & Supply Co., Watertown JOSEPH HARRIS CO., Rochester, N. Y. 124F Tall Double Blue Poor Joseph Harris Co., Cambridge ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 195F Double Blue Boy Fan VAUGHAN'S SEED STORE, New York City 1053F Red, White and Blue Mixed, Super-double Poor A. W. Cogger, Reading Satisfactory 7 colors Satisfactory 4 colors Satisfactory Satisfactory Satisfactory 10 colors Satisfactory Satisfactory Satisfactory 10 Colors Satisfactory Single: 7 Colors Satisfactory Had not bloomed October 15 Had not bloomed October 15 Satisfactory Satisfactory Had not bloomed October 15 Satisfactory Not satisfactory 3 colors Not Satisfactory Not Satisfactory Satisfactory Not satisfactory SEED INSPECTION 81 FLOWER SEED INSPECTION — Continued Lab. Kind and Variety of Seed, Wholesale Dis- No. tributor, Dealer When Other Than Whole- sale Distributor, and Place Collected Germi- nation Field Tests Performance BALSAM FREDONIA SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 770F Finest Mixed Fair Satisfactory Langer Hardware Co., Oxford JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 817F Bush Double White Fair Satisfactory Frank Howard, Inc., Pittsfield BLUE LACE FLOWER CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 763F Didiscus (coeruleus) Good Satisfactory Central Hardware Co., Winchester NORTHRUP, KING & CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 750F Didiscus Good Satisfactory F. W. Wool worth Co., Wollaston CALENDULA W. ATLEE BURPEE CO., Philadelphia, Pa. 648F Yellow Colossal Fair Satisfactory The Fair, Inc., Roslindale COBURN SEED & SUPPLY CO., Chelmsford, Mass. 395F Lemon Queen Good Satisfactory THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 103F Orange Shaggy Poor Not satisfactory FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. 179F Orange King Good Satisfactory JOSEPH HARRIS CO., INC., Rochester, N. Y. 123F Lemon Queen Good Satisfactory Joseph Harris Co., Inc., Cambridge NEW ENGLAND TORO CO., West Newton, Mass. 165F Orange King Good Satisfactory ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 200F Chrysantha Fair Satisfactory CALIFORNIA POPPY JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 469F Semi-double Monarch Art Shades Poor Not satisfactory FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 753F Extra Golden Good Satisfactory Frank Harkins, East Milton NORTHRUP, KING & CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 747F All Colors Mixed Good Not satisfactory F. W. Woolworth Co., Wollaston Only 3 colors CANDYTUFT BODGER SEED CO., El Monte, California 923F White Empress Fair Satisfactory Monroe Seed Market, Attleboro JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 472F Choice Mixture Good Satisfactory 473F Miniature Gem Fair Satisfactory STERLING SEED CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 968F All Colors Mixed Fair Satisfactory W T. Grant Co., Rockland 7 colors THORNTON & CROUCH, Lawrence, Mass. 315F Empress White Good Satisfactory 82 CONTROL SERIES No. Ill FLOWER SEED INSPECTION — Continued Lab. Kind and Variety of Seed, Wholesale Die- No. tributor, Dealer When Other Than Whole- sale Distributor, and Place Collected Germi- nation Field Tests Performance CHRYSANTHEMUM JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 1030F Annual Single Mixed Good Satisfactory Winter's Hardware Co., Belmont FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 1037F Single Annual Mixed Good Satisfactory Ben Franklin Store, Arlington Heights J. B. RICE, JR., INC., Shushan, N. Y. 1049F Tricolor Mixed , Fair Satisfactory Fred F. Smith, Inc., Reading COCKSCOMB — Celosia CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 764F Crlstata Tall Mixed Poor Not satisfactory Central Hardware Co., Winchester PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 737F Celosia plumosa Scarlet Good Satisfactory COSMOS CROSMAN SEED CORP., East Rochester, N. Y. 1122F Early Flowering Mixed Good Satisfactory Perron & Co., Southbridge 5 colors EMPIRE SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 1093F Early Mammoth Mixed Colors Poor Not Satisfactory Fenton's Flower Store, Holyoke FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 1036F Klondyke Orange Flare Fair Satisfactory Ben Franklin's Store, Arlington Heights HYGRADE SEED CO., FredonU, N. Y. 130F Sensation Mixed Colors Fair Satisfactory Spencer Borden School, Fall River MANDEVILLE, KING & CO., Rochester, N. Y. 890F Sensation Pink and White Fair Satisfactory The Welch Co., Scituate DAISY — (African) JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 410F African Poor Not Satisfactory Hubert Hardware Co., Newton Highlands FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 366F Dlmorphotheca Hybrids Fair Satisfactory Duncan's Hardware Corp., Melrose 5 colors DAISY — (Dahlborg) JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 471F Glittering Gold Poor Not Satisfactory DIANTHUS JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 470F Geisha Girl — Single and Double Good Satisfactory 8 colors FREDONIA SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 1024F Heddewig; Mixed Fair Satisfactory Town Paint & Supply Co., Natick 10 colors CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 1035F Finest Miixed Fair Satisfactory Mills Hardware Co., Arlington 7 colors NORTHRUP, KING & CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 1028F Double Mixed Good Satisfactory Dines 5c and 10c Store, Watertown 6 colors SEED INSPECTION FLOWER|SEED INSPECTION — Continued Field Tests Lab. Kind and Variety of Seed, Wholesale Dis- ■ No. tributor, Dealer When Other Than Whole- Germi- Performance sale Distributor, and Place Collected nation DIANTHUS— Concluded ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 1042F Choice Mixed Good Satisfactory Donavan's, Newburyport DIASCIA JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 483F Barberae (Coral pink) Fair Satisfactory EUPHORBIA (Snow-on-the-Mountaln) STERLING SEED CO., Minneapolis, Minn'. 967F Euphorbia Poor Not Satisfactory W. T. Grant Co., Rockland FOUR O'CLOCK JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 983F Marvel of Peru. Finest Mixed Fair Satisfactory Franklin Hardware & Plumbing Supply Co., Franklin 1135F Annual Mixed Fair Satisfactory Bengston Hardware Co., Gardner GAILLARDIA THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 96F Indian Chief Good Satisfactory MANDEVILLE, KING & CO., Chicago, 111. 563F Indian Chief Good Satisfactory Pill Hardware & Supply Co., Cambridge JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 242F Indian Chief Good Satisfactory Pierce Hardware Co., Taunton GILIA JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 475F Micrantha (Fairy Star) Poor Not Satisfactory MANDEVILLE, KING & CO., Rochester, N. Y. 937F Capitata Good Satisfactory Vanderhoof Hardware Co., Concord JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 984F Capitata Good Satisfactory Franklin Hardware & Plumbing Supply Co., Franklin GODETIA STERLING SEED CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 872F Grandiflora Double Tall Mixed Fair Satisfactory J.J. Newberry, Worcester 4 colors GYPSOPHILA BODGER SEED CO., El Monte, California 922F White Good Satisfactory Monroe Seed Market, Attleboro JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 888F Giant White Good Satisfactory The Welch Co., Scituate FREDONIA SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 870F Large Flowers Good Satisfactory Sadick Hardware & Paint Co., Worcester CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 965F White Good Satisfactory Hall and Torrey, Rockland 83 84 CONTROL SERIES No. Ill FLOWER SEED INSPECTION — Continued Lab. Kind and Variety of Seed, Wholesale Dis- No. tributor, Dealer When Other Than Whole- sale Distributor, and Place Collected Germi- nation Field Teats Performance GYPSOPHILA— Concluded STERLING SEED CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 873F Baby's Breath, Rose Good Satisfactory J. J. Newberry Co., Worcester HELICHRYSUM — Strawflower JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 1031F Choice Mixed Fair Satisfactory Winter Hardware Co., Belmont 6 colors EMPIRE SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 1095F Finest Mixed Colors Poor Not satisfactory; all plants Fenton's Flower Shop, Holyoke died MANDEVILLE, KING & CO., Rochester, N. Y. 990 All colors Fair Satisfactory L. N. Jacques & Sons, Inc., Milford 4 colors STERLING SEED CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 874F Monstrosum Mixed Fair Satisfactory J. J. Newberry Co., Worcester 8 colors KOCHIA — Mexican Fire Bush FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 1041F Childsi Fair Satisfactory Forrest D. Bradshaw, South Sudbury CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 762F Kochia Poor Not satisfactory; Central Hardware Co., Winchester all plants died J. B. RICE, JR., INC., Shushan, N. Y. 816F Mexican Fire Bush Good Satisfactory Peirson Hardware Co., Pittsfield ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 1017F Scoparia Good Satisfactory City Grain Co., Marlboro LARKSPUR GRACE G. ANDERSON CO., INC., Dunkirk, N. Y. 285F Tall Double Stock — Flowering Poor Not satisfactory Tilton School, Haverhill CROSMAN SEED CORP., East Rochester, N. Y. 1124F Annual Mixed Colors Poor Not satisfactory Perron & Co., Southbridge FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich 1022F Tall Double Mixed Poor Not satisfactory Forrest D. Bradshaw, South Sudbury PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 738F Giant Imperial, Gloria Improved Fair Satisfactory J. B. RICE, JR., INC., Shushan, N. Y. 814F Tall Double Mixed Poor Not satisfactory Peirson Hardware Co., Pittsfield VAUGHAN'S SEED STORE, New York City 1051 F Double Annual Special Mixture Poor Not satisfactory H. W. Cogger, Reading LUPINUS — Lupine FREDONIA SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 768F Finest Mixed Fair 1 plant in bloom OctoberJ15 Langer Hardware Co., Oxford PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 739F Hartwegii — New Giant King Good Had not bloomed[OctoberI15 STERLING SEED CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 831F Blue Poor Not satisfactory McLellan's Store, Great Barrington SEED INSPECTION 85 FLOWER SEED INSPECTION — Continued Lab. Kind and Variety of Seed, Wholesale Dis- No. tributor, Dealer When Other Than Whole- sale Distributor, and Place Collected Germi- nation Field Tests Performance MARIGOLD JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 476F Sunburst Orange Good Had not bloomed Septem- ber 30 477F Primrose Queen Poor Not satisfactory W. ATLEE BURPEE CO., Philadelphia, Pa. 649 F Harmony Good Satisfactory The Fair, Inc., Roslindale THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 95F Guinea Gold Fair Satisfactory EMPIRE SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 305F Guinea Gold Good Satisfactory Loring Cash Market, Lawrence THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 486F Mission Giants Mixed Fair 1 plant in bloom September 30 490F Golden West Good 1 plant in bloom September 30 HYGRADE SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 131F Orbit Fair Satisfactory Spencer Borden School, Fall River MANDEVILLE, KING & CO., Rochester, N. Y. 597F Burpee Gold Fail 1 plant in bloom September 30 Lewis Zandell Hardware Co., Springfield NEW ENGLAND TORO CO., West Newton, Mass. 167F Yellow Supreme Good Satisfactory ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 199F Harmony Good Satisfactory JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 241F Crown of Gold Good Satisfactory Pierce Hardware Co., Taunton THORNTON & CROUCH, Lawrence, Mass. 314F Guinea Gold Good Satisfactory MATTHIOLA BICORNIS (Evening Scented Stock) NORTHRUP, KING & CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 746F Evening Scented Stock Good Satisfactory F- W. Woolworth Co., Wollaston MIGNONETTE BODGER SEED CO., El Monte, California 924F Mignonette Good Satisfactory Monroe Seed Market, Attleboro JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 636F Mignonette Good Satisfactory THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 98F Machet Good Satisfactory CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 840F Giant Machet Fair Satisfactory Piatt & Goslee, Great Barrington ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 769F Sweet Mignonette Good Satisfactory Langer Hardware Co., Oxford MOONFLOWER FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. 362F White Annual Good Had not bloomed before frost Melrose Hardware Co., Melrose VAUGHAN'S SEED STORE, New York City 759F Mexicana Gra!ndiflora Alba Poor Not satisfactory H. C. Whiten, Winchester 86 CONTROL SERIES No. Ill FLOWER SEED INSPECTION — Continued Lab. Kind and Variety of Seed, Wholesale Dis- No. tributor, Dealer When Other Than Whole- sale Distributor, and Place Collected Germi- nation Field Tests Performance MORNING GLORY GRACE G. ANDERSON CO., INC., Dunkirk, N. Y. 288F Heavenly Blue Good Satisfactory Tilton School, Haverhill EMPIRE SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 304F Scarlett O'Hara '. Good Satisfactory Loring Cash Market, Lawrence FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 244F Heavenly Blue Fair Satisfactory R. E. Cobb Co., Weymouth FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. 177F Heavenly Blue Good Satisfactory HYGRADE SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 294F Heavenly BLue Good Satisfactory Tilton School, Haverhill MANDEVILLE, KING & CO., Rochester, N. Y. 964F Scarlett O'Hara Fair Satisfactory Hall & Torrey, Rockland NEW ENGLAND TORO CO., West Newton, Mass. ] 64F Heavenly Blue Good Satisfactory JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 1077F Heavenly Blue Good Satisfactory Sibley Hardware Co., Ware NASTURTIUM GRACE G. ANDERSON CO., INC., Dunkirk, N. Y. 293F Golden Gleam Fair Satisfactory Tilton School, Haverhill JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 631F Tall Good Satisfactory Cohasset Hardware Co., Cohasset 12 colors W. ATLEE BURPEE CO., Philadelphia, Pa. 995F Glorious Gleam Hybrids Good Satisfactory Casey's Hardware Store, Milford 10 colors COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 348F Dwarf Mixed Poor Satisfactory Wm. F. Flynn & Son, Attleboro THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 853F Golden Gleam Good Satisfactory Walsh & Packard, Inc., Hingham 30% off color FREDONIA SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 583F Golden Gleam Fair Satisfactory C. S. Sawyer & Co., Fall River THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 494F Indian Chief Fair Satisfactory MICHAEL-LEONARD SEED CO., Chicago, 111. 556F Dwarf Mixed Good Satisfactory W. E. Aubuchon Co., Inc., Leominster 8 colors ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 661F Dwarf Fair Satisfactory A. I. Task Co., Brockton 10 colors F. H. WOODRUFF & SONS, Milford, Conn. 961F Golden Gleam Good Satisfactory Rome Bros., Hardware, Rockland 20% off color S. D. WOODRUFF & SONS, Orange, Conn. 654F Dwarf Poor Not satisfactory New Style Hardware Co., Roslindale SEED INSPECTION 87 FLOWER SEED INSPECTION — Continued Lab. Kind and Variety of Seed, Wholesale Dis- No. tributor. Dealer When Other Than Whole- sale Distributor, and Place Collected Germi- nation Field Tests Performance NICOTIANA FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., DetroH, Micu. 752F Evening Star Good Satisfactory Frank Harkins, East Milton J. B. RICE, JR., INC., Shushan, N. Y. 1047F Sweet Scented Mixed Good Satisfactory Fred F. Smith, Inc., Reading NIGELLA EMPIRE SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 1094F Love-in-a-Mist Mixed Good Satisfactory Fenton's Flower Shop, Holyoke LITTLE TREE FARMS, Framingham Center, Mass. 1007F Love-in-a-Mist Good Satisfactory STERLING SEED CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 966F Love-in-a-Mist Good Satisfactory W. T. Grant Co., Rockland PETUNIA JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 478F Radiance Good Satisfactory FRASER'S, Wellesley, Mass. 178F Violacea Good Satisfactory 5% off color THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 479F Hamlet — Dwarf Bedding Good Satisfactory 4% off type 489F Grandiflora — Balcony Maculata Good Satisfactory HYGRADE SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 134F Exquisite Hybrida Good Satisfactory Spencer Borden School, Fall River 10 colors MANDEVILLE, KING & CO., Rochester, N. Y. 1019F Balcony Purple Good Satisfactory Marlboro General Store, Marlboro 4% off color NORTHRUP, KING & CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 21 IF Hybrida Mixed Colors Good Satisfactory Revere Hardware Co., Revere 10 colors J. B. RICE, JR., INC., Shushan, N. Y. 590F Twinkles Good Not satisfactory A. J. Demarais Hardware, Fall River 52% off color ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 201F Rosy Morn Good Satisfactory 6% off color PHLOX FREDONIA SEED CO., Fredonia, N Y 1023F Finest Mixed Poor Not satisfactory Town Paint & Supply Co , Natick THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 487F Drummondi, Grandiflora Dwarf Mixed Good Satisfactory 6 colors JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 819F Scarlet Good Satisfactory Frank Howard, Inc., Pittsfield POPPY GRACE G. ANDERSON CO., INC., Dunkirk, N. Y. 287F Shirley, Double Begonia-flowered Good Satisfactory Tilton School, Haverhill CONTROL SERIES No. Ill FLOWER SEED INSPECTION — Continued Lab. Kind and Variety of Seed, Wholesale Dis- No. tributor, Dealer When Other Than Whole- sale Distributor, and Place Collected Germi- nation Field Tests Performance POPPY— Concluded HYGRADE SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 133F American Legion Good Satisfactory Spencer Borden School, Fall River LITTLE TREE FARMS, Framingham Center, Mass. 1004F Shirley Single Mixture Good Satisfactory 6 colors VAUGHAN'S SEED STORE, New York City 758F Shirley — American Legion Good Satisfactory H. C. Winton, Winchester PORTULACA CROSMAN SEED CORP., East Rochester, N. Y. 1 123F Mixed colors Good Satisfactory Perron Hardware Co., Southbridge FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 1020F Single Mixed Good Sat;sfactory Marlboro General Store, Marlboro NORTHRUP, KING & CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 1029F Single Mixed Good Satisfactory Dines 5c and 10c Store, Watertown STERLING SEED CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 829F Double Mixed Good Satisfactory McLellan's Store, Great Barrington VAUGHAN'S SEED STORE, New York City 760F Double Best Mixed Good Satisfactory H. C. Winton, Winchester RUDBECKIA (Coneflower) JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 480F Coneflower Good Satisfactory SALPIGLOSSIS HYGRADE SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 132F Exquisite Mixed Colors Fair Satisfactory Spencer Borden School, Fall River 10 colors VAUGHAN'S SEED STORE, New York City 1055F Special Mixed Good Satisfactory H. W. Cogger, Reading 5 colors SALVIA FERRY-MORSE SEED CO., Detroit, Mich. 765F Bonfire Poor Not satisfactory Winchester Hardware Co., Winchester LITTLE TREE FARMS, Framingham Center, Mass. 1006F Bonfire Fair Satisfactory NORTHRUP, KING & CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 745F Splendens — Scarlet Sage . . Fair • Satisfactory F. W. Woolworth Co., Wollaston STERLING SEED CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 87 IF Spendens — Scarlet Sage Fair Satisfactory J. .). Newberry, Worcester SANVITALIA JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 481F Procumbens, var. Fl. PI Fair Satisfactory SEED INSPECTION 89 FLOWER SEED INSPECTION — Continued Lab. Kind and Variety of Seed, Wholesale Dis- No. tributor. Dealer When Other Than Whole- sale Distributor, and Place Collected Germi- nation Field Tests Performance SCABIOSA MANDEVILLE, KING & CO., Detroit, Mich. 657F Rosette Good Satisfactory Brockton Hardware & Supply Co., Brockton PERRY SEED CO., Boston, Mass. 740F Azure Fairy Good Satisfactory J. B. RICE, JR., INC., Shushan, N. Y. 838F Mixed Good Satisfactory F. H. Turner & Co., Great Barrington 5 colors ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 1018F Mixed colors Good Satisfactory City Grain Co., Marlboro 2 colors VAUGHAN'S SEED STORE, New York City 1052F Special Mixed Good Satisfactory H. W. Cogger, Reading 4 colors STOCK EMPIRE SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 1096F Mixed Colors Poor Not Satisfactory Fenton's Flower Shop, Holyoke THOMAS J. GREY CO., Boston, Mass. 49 IF Dwarf Large Flowering Good Satisfactory MANDEVILLE, KING & CO., Rochester, N. Y. 1032F Mammoth Ten Weeks Mixed Fair Satisfactory Jewett Hardware Co., Belmont ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 1041F Mixed — Ten Weeks Good Satisfactory SUNFLOWER CHARLES C. HART SEED CO., Wethersfield, Conn. 1027F Mammoth Russian Good Satisfactory Coolidge Paint & Supply Co., Watertown JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 1103F Mammoth Russian Good Satisfactory Faulkner Hardware Co., Palmer ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 1043F Russian Mammoth Good Satisfactory Donovan's, Saugus VERBENA GRACE G. ANDERSON CO., INC., Dunkirk, N. Y. 284F Hybrids, Choice Colors Good Satisfactory Tilton School, Haverhill 8 colors NORTHRUP, KING & CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 744F Mammoth Flowering Scarlet Fair Satisfactory F. W. Woolworth Co., Wollaston J. B. RICE, JR., INC., Shushan, N. Y. 589F Choice Mixed Good Satisfactory A. J. Desmarais Hardware, Fall River 10 colors ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 198F Mammoth White Good Satisfactory WALLFLOWER NORTHRUP, KING & CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 751F Single Mixed Good Satisfactory F. W. Woolworth Co., Wollaston 90 CONTROL SERIES No. Ill FLOWER SEED INSPECTION — Concluded Lab. Kind and Variety of Seed, Wholesale Dis- No. tributor, Dealer When Other Than Whole- sale Distributor, and Place Collected Germi- nation Field Tests Performance ZINNIA JOSEPH BRECK & SONS, Boston, Mass. 482F Super Crown of Gold Pastel Tints Mixed Good Joseph Breck & Sons, Boston COBURN SEED & SUPPLY CO., Chelmsford, Mass. 396F Giants of California Enchantress Good CROSMAN SEED CORP., East Rochester, N. Y. 446F California Giant Crimson Queen Good Pittsfield Hardware-Plumbing Supply Co., Pittsfield DEERINGTON ZINNIA GARDENS, Bangerville, Ind. 875F Deeringtcn Special, Salmon, Shell and Rose-Pink. Good J. J. Newberry Co., Worcester THOMAS W. EMERSON CO., Boston, Mass. 102F Dahlia-flowered Red Good FREDONIA SEED CO., Fredonia, N. Y. 1025F Gi: nt Finest Mixed Fair Town Paint & Supply Co., Natick JOSEPH HARRIS CO., INC., Rochester, N. Y. 125F Crimson Monarch Good Joseph Harris Co., Inc., Cambridge MANDEVILLE, KING & CO., Rochester, N. Y. 363F California Giant Rose Pink Poor Melrose Hardware Co., Melrose THE NEW ENGLAND TORO CO., West Newton, Mass. 163 Giant Red Good NORTHRUP, KING & CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 749F Giant Double Rose Good F. H. Woolworth Co., Wollaston THE PAGE SEED CO., Greene, N. Y. 780F Large C; lifornia Mixed Colors Fair LaPalme Hardware Co., Webster JEROME B. RICE SEED CO., Cambridge, N. Y. 921F Giant Dahlia Flowered Poor S. B. Sibley & Son, Ware ROSS BROS. CO., Worcester, Mass. 196F Mammoth Deep Salmon Rose Good Satisfactory 10 colors Satisfactory 5% off color Satisfactory Satisfactory 7 colors Satisfactory Slight variation in color Satisfactory Satisfactory 5% off color Not Satisfactory Satisfactory 10% off color Fair, 50% off color and type Satisfactory 12 colors Not satisfactory Satisfactory 20% off color SEED INSPECTION SI- TYPE AND PERFORMANCE STUDIES WITH SEED OATS Conducted in Cooperation with the Department of Agronomy, William G. Colby, Research Professor In 1938, preliminary studies on different lots of Seed Oats indicated that a wide variety of strains was being offered for sale in Massachusett « «d ^ different lots varied widely in performance. (Control Series Bulletin 96, 1938J Further and more extensive studies were carried on m 1941; a larger number of seed lots was tested, and each lot was studied in greater detail than in 193* The test included 39 lots of Seed Oats collected from different , points of sale throughout the State by the Department of Agriculture (indicated in he table by the letter "F» following the sample number). The «^^^^^ laboratory germination records will be found in Control Series Bulletin 107, 940 and on pages 17 and 19 of this bulletin. Sample No 8837 was taken from a lot of oats purchased by the Department of Mental Health for Monson State Hospital To make the study more complete, 11 additional varieties of oats which had given superior performance in other sections of the country were also included. Varieties Hancock, Boone, Tama, and Marion were ob -ed^^om the Iowa Agricultural Experiment Station at Ames Iowa; Victory, Gopher, Upright, Richland, Cornellian, and Lenroc were obtained through the Eastern States Cooperative Milling Corporation in Buffalo, New York; and Huron was >btained from the Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station at East Lansing, ^EactTplot was made up of three 15-foot rows. With the exception of nine lots of seed which were planted late (April 25) without replication, all other lots were p anted in triplicate on April 15. In every instance an excellent stand and good growth were secured. Only the center row of each plot was harvested for use in determining yields of grain and straw. As in 1938, different lots of commercial seed varied widely in their performance Even though planted at the same time, the earliest variety headed out almost two weeks earlier than the latest. Yields of grain varied from 34 bushel to 46 bushels per acre, and straw yields varied from 1500 pounds to almost a ton Lilar diffe'rences in maturity dates were found with named varieties, but ,n al nlnces these differences were characteristic for the particular variety and were herefore expected. With most of the commercial lots of seed, the information on the idendfication tag was insufficient to indicate the variety represent^ t was impossible to predict whether an individual lot of seed was early or late in maturing without first growing it in the field. . In at least 16 out of the 40 commercial lots grown, there was a mixture of different varieties. This was evidenced by wide differences in time of maturity fn hefght of plant, and even in type of plant from the same lot of seed, lr i seve a "stances so-called "side oats" made up part of the mixture. Wide differences were X observed in the severity of smut infestation, although in certain cases seed treatment was a factor rather than varietal resistance Though not connected with the performance of individual seed lots, the impor- tance ofthe early planting of oats was clearly demonstrated. The 31 o s seeded April 15 produced on the average approximately 7 more bushels of grain to the acre and 450 more pounds of straw to the acre than did the nine lots seeded ten days later, April 25. 92 CONTROL SERIES No. Ill The results of these studies definitely substantiate those obtained in a pre- liminary way in 1938 and indicate that, for the years 1940 and 1941 at least, seed oats offered for sale varied greatly in type and performance. OAT VARIETIES AND LOTS OF COMMERCIAL SEED OATS GROWN AT AMHERST IN 1941 Variety or Lot No. Date Headed Date Ripe Yields per Acre Grain (Bu.) Straw (Lb.) Remarks Planted April 15 Hancock 6/14 7/14 Richland 6/16 7/15 Boone 6/18 7/16 Marion 6/18 7/17 Tama 6/19 7/17 Gopher 6/20 7/17 Huron 6/20 7/21 Lenroc 6/24 7/21 CorneUian 6/25 7/22 Upright 6/27 7/23 Victory 6/28 7/25 Commercial Lots* 664 F 6/14 7/14 896 F 6/20 7/18 1185 F 6/20 7/20 919 F 6/20 7/20 HOOF 6/21 7/21 1105 F 6/21 7/21 1197 F 6/26 7/22 65 F 6/25 7/23 687 F 6/26 7/23 239 F 6/27 7/23 238 F 6/27 7/23 252 F 6/27 7/23 979 F 6/27 7/23 1087 F 6/27 7/23 963 F 6/27 7/24 599 F 6/27 7/24 635 F 6/27 7/24 756 F 6/27 7/24 976 F 6/27 7/25 813 F 6/27 7/25 1095 F 6/27 7/25 873 F 6/27 7/25 779 F •■ 6/27 7/25 920 F 6/27 7/25 895 F 6/27 7/25 828 F 6/27 7/25 977 F 6/27 7/25 1078 F 6/27 7/25 688 F 6/27 7/25 708 F 6/27 7/25 942 F 6/27 7/25 34.0 1,415 40.0 1,470 45.5 1,670 53.5 1,995 42.5 1,595 45.5 1,505 44.5 1,650 41.5 1,725 41.5 2,160 41.5 1,870 40.0 1,885 44.5 1,815 43.5 1,815 43.5 1,815 Mixture 40.0 1,615 Mixture 39.5 1,870 Mixture 44.0 1,830 Mixture 40.5 1,740 37.5 1,500 Mixture 36.5 1,615 42.5 1,670 Mixture 41.0 1,760 Mixture 43.0 1,725 Mixture 46.0 1,980 Mixture 46.0 1,960 39.5 1,815 34.0 1,850 37.5 1,780 Mixture 43.0 1,725 Mixture 37.0 1,740 42.0 1,780 38.5 1,890 36.5 1,635 41.5 1,870 41.0 1,690 Mixture 41.5 1,815 39.5 1,790 Mixture 42.0 1,780 Mixture 41.5 1,815 40.0 1,760 43.5 1,940 40.0 1 ,725 ♦Source of seed and laboratory germination records will be found in Control Series Bulletin 107. 1940, for the seeds planted April 15; in this bulletin, for the seeds planted April 25. SEED INSPECTION 93 OAT VARIETIES AND LOTS OF COMMERCIAL SEED OATS GROWN AT AMHERST IN 1941— Concluded Variety or Lot.No. Date Headed Date Ripe Planted April 25* 606 F 6/26 7/22 8837 6/28 7/25 496 F 6/30 7/25 608 F 6/30 7/29 609 F 6/30 7/29 523 F 7/1 7/29 611 F 7/3 7/29 612F 7/3 7/29 209 V. 7/3 7/30 Yields per Acre Grain (Bu.) Straw (Lb.) 36.5 32.0 37.5 41.0 30.5 37.5 30.0 30.5 30.5 1,435 1,180 1,760 1,595 1,250 1,780 1,290 1,345 1,215 Remarks Mixture Mixture *Source of seed and laboratory germination records will be found in Control Series Bulletin 107, 1940, for the seeds planted April 15; in this bulletin, for the seeds planted April 25. Publication of this Document Appboved bt Commission on Administration and Financ 2500-2-42-8654. Massachusetts agricultural experiment station Control Series Bulletin No. 112 June, 1942 Twenty-second Annual Report of Pullorum Disease Eradication in Massachusetts By the Poultry Disease Control Laboratory In the 1941-42 testing season, 667,824 samples (662,715 chicken and 5,109 fowl other than chicken) were tested. In 366 chicken flocks, 653,080 birds were tested and of these 591,628 were in non-reacting flocks. The percentage of positive tests was 0.27. No reactors were detected among tested birds in 5 of the 13 counties. The marked increase (99,153) over the previous season in the number of birds in non-reacting flocks reveals further progress in the establish- ment and maintenance of pullorum-free flocks. MASSACHUSETTS STATE COLLEGE AMHERST, MASS. TWENTY-SECOND ANNUAL REPORT OF PULLORtj DISEASE ERADICATION IN MASSACHUSETTS 1941-1942 By the Poultry Disease Control Laboratory1 Introduction The testing results for the 1941-42 season reveal further progress in the eradica- tion of pullorum disease in Massachusetts. The value of pullorum-free stock is fully recognized by the majority of flock owners for whom testing service is rendered. Without the fullest appreciation in regard to annual 100 percent test- ing of flocks and the measures preventing the introduction of infection, little if any progress in the eradication of the disease might be expected. Massachusetts is one of a few states which are leading in the establishment of pullorum-free flocks. This has attracted many out-of-state purchases, especially from the broiler in- dustry. The complete eradication of the disease from the flocks has eliminated the losses from pullorum infection among chicks and growing and mature stock. Hatching eggs, baby chicks, and mature stock from pullorum-free sources are readily obtainable, and the continuous practice of replacing infected flocks with stock from pullorum-free sources is an effective means of further eradicating the disease from the State. Appreciation is extended to the various agencies that have given direct or indirect assistance to pullorum-disease eradication. The necessity for the dis- semination of reliable information at the appropriate time cannot be ignored in this program. Through such a practice a great service is extended to the flock owner who is the "key man" in establishing and maintaining his flock free cf pullorum disease. Massachusetts flock owners deserve much credit for the splen- did progress that has been made in pullorum-disease eradication. Summary of Service Rendered Applications received 406 Applications cancelled 15 Flocks tested 391 Chicken flocks 360 Chicken and turkey flocks 6 Turkey flocks 25 Number of tests 674,403 Chickens: Routine 660,517 Experimental 2,198 Fowl other than chickens: Routine 4,541 Experimental 7,147* Owners receiving necropsy service 35 Necropsies of reacting birds 65** ♦Includes 6,579 paratyphoid tests. ♦♦Includes SO chickens and 15 turkeys. 'Poultry Disease Control Laboratory Staff: H. Van Roekel, Chief of Laboratory; K. L. Bullis, Assistant Veterinary Pathologist; O. S. Flint, Assistant Research Professor; Miriam K. Clarke, Research Assistant; Felicia Jewett. Laboratory Assistant. Appreciation is extended to Dr. J. B. 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No reactors have been found in Barnstable and Plymouth counties for three successive years. Norfolk County had the highest percentage (1.67) of positive tests, which is attributed to one large infected fleck. The following breeds and varieties were tested: Bantam, Barne\ elder, Barred Plymouth Rock, Black Minorca, Brahma, Brown Leghorn, Cochin, Columbian Reck, New Hampshire, Rhode Island Red, Silver Laced Wyandotte, White American, White Leghorn, White Plymouth Rock, White Wyandotte, and Crosses. Rhode Island Red and Barred Plymouth Rock are the predominating breeds. Reactors were detected among the Barred Plymouth Rock, Brown Leg- horn, New Hampshire, and Rhode Island Red breeds. Of the total number of samples tested, 601,932 were obtained from females (hens 67,625 and pullets 534,307) and 60,783 from males. The percentages of reactors were 0.02 among the hens, 0.28 among the pullets, and 0.44 among the males. The greater percentage of reactors among the males may be explained in part by the fact that most of them were detected in one large infected flock. In this large flock, the percentage of reactors among the females was 3 and among the males 5 percent. Testing of Fowl Other than Chickens A total of 5,109 samples collected from fowl other than chickens was tested for pullorum disease. Six ducks, 2 guinea fowl, and 5,101 turkeys were tested with no reactors. These results indicate that pullorum disease is no serious problem to Massachusetts turkey breeders. It is advisable however, that the owners of turkey breeding flocks exercise every possible precaution to prevent the intro- duction of this disease into their flocks. Duri lg the past year, four turkey flocks representing 6,579 samples were tested for paratyphoid infection. Three flocks were classified as non-reacting but re- actors were found in the fourth flock on tests repeated at frequent intervals. As was pointed out in the previous Annual Report, the macroscopic agglutination test is not sufficiently reliable in detecting infected birds so that it can be employed as a practical means of eliminating this infection from commercial flocks. Among 15 reacting birds received at the laboratory for necropsy, the causative agent was isolated from 1 1 . Annual Testing of Flocks Table 2 shows the results from flocks tested for the first time, intermittently, for two consecutive years, and for three or more consecutive years. In every group, the number of birds tested showed an increase over the previous season. Flocks tested for the first time numbered 77 and represented 62,435 birds and 62,501 tests, with an average of 0.04 percent positive tests. Only three of the flocks tested for the first time were found to be infected. In one flock of 13 birds, 4 reactors (30.77 percent) were detected. In the other two flocks, 1,811 and 1,379 birds were tested, with 0.83 and 0.51 percent reactors, respectively. Approx- imately 95 percent of all the birds in flocks tested for the first time were in non- reacting flocks. It is indeed encouraging to find so little infection among flocks tested for the first time. Many of these flocks represent stock purchased from pullorum-free sources. This suggests the valuable influence of flocks that have been tested annually and found free of infection. The 34 flocks tested intermittently represented 50,642 birds and tests. The percentage of positive tests was 0.15. Approximately 86 percent of the birds tested were in non-reacting flocks. Six infected flocks were detected in the inter- mittent group. In three flocks less than one percent reactors was detected. In the other three flocks, the first had 1.43 percent reactors among 2,718 birds; the second, 1.71 percent reactors among 933 birds; and the third, 9.52 percent reactors among 21 birds. In only one instance was the flock 100 percent negative two years prior to the 1941-42 test. In three other flocks infection was not detected on the last test, but the period between tests was three years or more. In the 37 flocks tested for two consecutive years, 44,482 birds were tested. The percentage of reactors was 0.01, the lowest of all four groups. Approximately 98 percent of all birds tested in this group were in non-reacting flocks, and cnly two flocks were classified as infected. One flock of 121 birds had 1.65 percent reactors and the other fleck had 0.57 percent reactors among 526 birds. Infection had been found in both flecks the previous year. In the group tested for three or more consecutive years, 218 flecks representing 495,521 birds and 505,006 samples were tested. The percentage cf positive tests was 0 33, attributed mainly to one large flock in which 1,597 of the 1,650 reactors in this group were found. Approximately 90 percent of all the birds tested in this group were in non-reacting flocks. The number of 100 percent tested, non- reacting flocks in this group was 197, representing 435,068 birds. This far exceeds the combined totals (126 flocks and 138,310 birds) for the other three groups. Only 29 flocks representing 21,494 birds were partially tested, and 96 percent of the total birds tested were in 100 percent tested flocks. It is encouraging that poultrymen realize the value of testing all birds on the premises. The true pul- lorum status of the flock cannot be determined by testing only part of the flock. Table 2. Annual Testing Versus Single and Intermittent Testing 1 Positive Negative Positive Tests Flocks Flocks •a •a 0/ V Classification •a •a v V} *-* Vj H to H &> w u >> V _>. M H E V 55 .2 65 .2 o 0 ■z 01 o t3 © a) d. 00 H Z a. — PL) a, Tested tor the first time 77 62,435 62,501 26 0.04 68 6 3 0 Tested intermittently 34 50,642 50,642 76 0.15 26 2 5 l 37 44,482 495,521 44,566 5 0.01 32 3 1 i Three or more consecutive years . 218 505,006 1,650 0.33 197 16 5 0 366 653,080 662.715 1.757 0.27 323 27 14 2 The data in Table 2 indicate that pullorum-disease eradication is being ac- complished with great success and that the Massachusetts poultry industry is in a very favorable position in producing stock which is free of pullorum infection. However, it is hoped that the scattered foci of infection which still exist can in time also be eliminated. 6 Appearance of Infection in Flocks Previously Negative Table 3 gives the testing results for flocks which had been non-reacting for one or more years but showed infection in 1941-42. One flock (Number 2) was partially retested with no reactors the previous season. It is quite possible that the infection was not completely eradicated from this flock. Only one reactor was detected among the 3,524 birds tested. Table 3. Appearance of Infection in Flocks Previously Negative 1941-42 Season Number Positive Flock of Years Flock Number Tests Explanation for Infection Negative Total Tested Percent 1 8 4,246 4,094 0.59 Questionable preventive measures 2 1 3,524 3,524 0.03 Incomplete eradication 3,500 254* 0.00 3 15 2,285 2,285 0.04 Returned birds from egg-laying 2,284 86* 0.00 contest 4 10 1,316 1,316 0.68 Unknown 5 14 880 880 1.02 Contact with untested stock 779 778* 0.39 724 724* 348* 0.00 0.00 6 2 3,481 3,481 0.14 Unknown indicates retests. Among the other five flocks, only one revealed more than one percent reactors. This flock had been negative for 14 consecutive years. The infection might be attributed to contact with stock from a neighboring flock whose pullorum status was unknown. Flocks 1, 3, and 4 had been negative for 8 or more consecutive years. Flock 1 had 24 reactors among 4,094 birds. The source of infection could not be de- termined definitely, although it was ascertained that there was some laxity in carrying out certain preventive measures. The infection detected in Flock 3 was in a group of birds returned from an egg-laying contest. The origin of the infection in Flocks 4 and 6 could not be explained in any way. However, in Flock 6 infection existed on the premises two years prior to the last test. The number of so-called "breaks" for the 1941-42 season has remained at the same level as in previous seasons. In all cases the amount of infection is very small. With the exception of one case (Flock 3), the source of infection is doubt- ful and at what age the flock became infected is not known. The low degree of infection would suggest that the stock was not highly susceptible to certain strains of 5. pullorum. This does not coincide with observations on New England stock imported into areas where infection is more prevalent. No explosive outbreaks nor heavy infections have been observed in flocks which have been negative for many years. It is reasonable to assume that heavy infections might occur, but it would seem logical that other factors such as strain differences of S. pullorum also might be responsible for the increased infectivity. Stock from pullorum-free flocks should not be considered unsuitable for importation into infected areas when proper eradication and prevention measures are observed. The appearance of a high degree of infection in clean stock cannot be held against the stock, but involves failure to observe the following disease eradication and prevention meas- ures. 1. All the birds on the premises should be tested each year. 2. If infection is present, the entire flock should be retested within four to six weeks until a negative report is obtained, provided the value of the birds justifies the expenditure. 3. Every reactor, regardless of its value, should be removed from the premises and sold for slaughter immediately upon receipt of the report. 4. Offal from all birds dressed for market or home consumption as well as dead birds that are not fit for consumption should be burned. 5. The poultry houses, runs, and equipment, should be thoroughly cleaned and disinfected immediately after removal of reactors. Provide an empty pen to each house to facilitate cleaning and disinfection during the winter months. Use disinfectants approved by the United States Department of Agriculture. 6. Birds removed from the premises to egg-laying contests, exhibitions, etc., should be held in quarantine and determined free of disease before they are re- admitted into the flock. 7. Purchase of stock in the form of adults, chicks, and eggs should be from known pullorum-disease-free flocks. Consult your county agent regarding ad- ditions or replacements in your flock. 8. Eggs should not be saved for hatching until after a flock has been tested and all the infected birds removed. Early pullet testing will permit early hatch- ing. 9. Fresh and infertile eggs from unknown or infected sources should not be fed to chickens or exposed to animals such as crows, sparrows, and skunks that may carry or spread the infection. 10. Poultrymen should not custom hatch for untested or infected flocks (including fowl other than chickens). 11. Owners of pullorum-disease-free flocks should not have hatching done where infected eggs or stock may be found. 12. Poultrymen should not buy feed in bags that have been used or exposed to infection. (Such bags if properly disinfected will be safe for further use.) 13. Poultrymen should regard fowl other than chickens as a possible source of pullorum infection unless tested and found free from pullorum disease. 14. Poultrymen should not use equipment that has been exposed to or con- taminated with infective material unless it is properly cleaned and sterilized or disinfected. Non-Reacting and Positive Flocks Classified by Counties Table 4 gives the distribution of non-reacting and positive flocks by counties. In the 13 counties, 350 non-reacting flocks were identified, representing 591,628 birds. Of this total, 323 were 100 percent tested and 27 were partially tested, representing 573,378 and 18,250 birds, respectively. The number of birds in non-reacting flocks is by far greater (almost 95,000) than the number found in any year during the 22-year testing period. It is also encouraging that more of the flocks are 100 percent tested. Worcester, Middlesex, Bristol, and Essex counties led in the number of tested birds in non-reacting flocks. Table 4. Non- Reacting and Positive Flocks Classified by Counties County 100% Tested Partially Tested Total Flocks Birds Flocks Birds Flocks Birds Non-Reacting Flocks 2 3,713 — — 2 3,713 2 5,160 — — 2 5,160 47 84,264 4 1,737 51 86,001 2 2,541 — — 2 2,541 47 77,251 6 4,188 53 81,439 32 54,895 1 1,177 33 56,072 20 18,244 — — 20 18,244 31 29,042 — — 31 29,042 44 88,883 5 4,675 49 93,558 23 44,344 4 2,049 27 46,393 29 64,427 2 1,994 31 66,421 1 608 — — 1 608 43 100,006 5 2,430 48 102,436 323 573,378 27 18,250 350 591,628 Positive Flocks 2 2,312 — — 2 2,312 — — 1 526 1 526 2 581 — — 2 581 3 218 — — 3 218 5 12,633 — — 5 12,633 1 41,753 1 2,718 2 44,471 1 711 — — 1 711 Barnstable Berkshire Bristol Dukes Essex Franklin Hampden Hampshire Middlesex Norfolk Plymouth Suffolk Worcester Totals Berkshire Bristol Essex Hampden Middlesex Norfolk Worcester Totals 61,452 In Barnstable, Berkshire, Dukes, Franklin, Hampshire, Plymouth, and Suffolk counties, no flocks were classified as infected at the close of the testing season. In seven counties, 16 infected flocks representing 61,452 birds were listed. The bulk of the birds (44,471) in infected flocks was found in two flocks in Norfolk County. The flocks tested in Barnstable, Dukes, Hampden, Hampshire, and Suffolk counties were all 100 percent tested. The value of 100 percent testing is recog- nized by the majority of flock owners. Partial flock testing is not a sound pro- cedure in determining the true status of a flock. The retention of untested birds on the premises may lead to the spread of the disease from the untested to the tested birds. Furthermore, flocks in which all birds over five months of age are tested can qualify for one of the official grades recognized by the Massachusetts Department of Agriculture, provided no reactors are found. Flock owners are encouraged to have their flocks officially recognized by the Massachusetts De- partment of Agriculture. Comparison of 1940-41 and 1941-42 Testing Table 5 gives the comparison of the 1940-41 and 1941-42 testing results lor the different counties. The increases in the number of tested flocks, birds, and samples and non-reacting flocks are very substantial. The number of tested birds increased in all but one county. The average percentage of infection increased slightly over the previous season, which is attributed to the large number of reactors found in one large flock. On the whole, the percentages of infection for the different counties have changed but little in comparison with the previous season A substantial increase in the number of non-reactmg flocks is very encouraging. Table 5. Comparison of 1940-41 and 1941-42 Testing County Flocks Birds Tests Positive Non- Tests Reacting Percent Flocks 1940-41 Season Barnstable 2 3,377 3.377 Berkshire 6 12.013 2 548 Bristol 48 75.605 78.96 Essex 33 45.932 46.585 Franklin 27 48.673 48.673 Hampden 20 16.964 16.964 Hampshire 19 21.157 21.15 Middlesex 53 88.086 89.093 Norfolk 31 71.745 77.455 Plymouth 29 54,735 54.73 Worcester 41 89.041 8 Totals 309 527.328 1941-42 Season Barnstable 2 3.713 3 713 Berkshire 4 7.472 7.472 Bristol 52 86.527 86,52 Dukes 2 2,541 2 541 Essex 55 82.020 82.104 Franklin 33 56,072 56.072 Hampden 23 18.462 18.528 Hampshire 31 29.042 30.892 Middlesex 54 106.191 106.531 Norfolk 29 90.864 98.159 Plymouth 31 66,421 66,421 Suffolk 1 608 *°? Worcester 49 103.147 103.147 Totals 366 653,080 662.715 0.00 0.08 0.05 0.00 0.004 0.06 0.00 0.09 0.43 0.00 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.31 0.003 0.00 0006 0.00 0.03 0.04 0.07 1.67 0.00 0.00 0.002 0.27 2 6 46 33 26 19 19 50 28 29 41 299 2 2 51 2 53 33 20 31 49 27 31 1 48 350 Twenty-Two-Year Testing Period Shows Progress in Eradication Table 6 gives the testing results for a 22-year testing period. It will be noted that during this period an increasing number of flocks and birds have been tested and that the percentage of infection has been reduced to a very low figure. Dur- ing the past 11 years, the average percentage of infection has been less than one pe.cent for all samples tested, a total of 5,101,653. This consistently low per- centage of reactors shows that Massachusetts flock owners have been successful in eliminating the disease from the bulk of their breeding flocks. This is further substantiated by the increasing percentage of birds in non-reacting flocks These results show that pullorum disease can be eliminated through the ap- plication of sound eradication and prevention measures. Furthermore, the pro- gress is verv remarkable in view of the fact that the testing work has operated on a voluntary basis. For the most part, flock owners have made every effort to understand the pullcrum-disease problem and have voluntarily cooperated in establishing and maintaining pullorum free flocks. 10 Table 6. Twenty-Two- Year Pullorum Disease Testing Summary Birds in Non- Positive Non- reacting Flocks Season Flocks Birds Total Tests Tests Percent reacting Flocks Number Percent 1920-21 108 24,718 24,718 12.50 25 2,414 9.77 1921-22 110 29,875 29,875 12.65 27 4.032 13.50 1922-23 121 33,602 33,602 7.60 29 5,400 16.07 1923-24 139 59,635 59,635 6.53 38 11,082 18.58 1924-25 156 66,503 66,503 2.94 79 25,390 38.18 1925-26 201 67,919 67,919 2.31 124 33,615 49.49 1926-27 249 127,327 127,327 4.03 114 40.269 31.63 1927-28 321 190,658 232,091 6.52* 138 80,829 42.39 1928-29 413 254,512 304,092 4.25* 228 153,334 60.25 1929-30 460 331,314 386,098 2.17 309 203,038 66.97 1930-31 447 356,810 402,983 1.47 328 267,229 74.89 1931-32 455 377,191 420,861 0.90 355 298.534 79.15 1932-33 335 296.093 300,714 0.47 276 238,074 80.41 1933-34 262 263,241 284,848 0.53 229 212,782 80.83 1934-35 244 281,124 301,887 0.39 213 251.778 89.56 1935-36 252 329,659 344,081 0.30 230 315.215 95.95 1936-37 307 448,519 561,762 0.37 281 424,431 94.63 1937-38 308 480.227 497,769 0.17 286 457,466 95.26 1938-39 355 571.065 615,205 0.34 327 469,134 82.15 1939-40 346 573.000 673,222 0.51 332 497,356 86.80 1940-41 309 527,328 538,589 0.09 299 492,475 93.39 1941 -42 366 653.080 662,715 0.27 350 591.628 9059 *Based on total birds tested: 1927-28, 190,658 birds; 1928-29, 254,512 birds. Comments and Suggestions In view cf present circumstances, it seems advisable to refer to some phases of pullorum-disea e testing that concern the operation and progress of the pro- gram. It is hoped that war conditions will not seriously interfere with the testing of flocks nor greatly hamper the flock owners in their program of disease eradi- cation and prevention. A set-back in the progress which has been attained through many years of hard effort would meai. a gieat less to the Massachusetts poultry industry. The following comments and suggestions should receive consideration. Annual Testing: The testing of breeding flocks each year is essential because of the possible sources of infection that prevail within the State. One must recognize that there are infected flocks within the State and that the unrestricted traffic of infected stock presents hazards for reinfecting pullorum-free flocks. While barriers against the introduction of infection have been found effective, yet under practical conditions in some instances prevention measures have either failed or not been properly observed. This fact is pointed out in the section en- titled "Appearance of Infection in Flocks Previously Negative." As long as present conditions prevail, annual testing will be necessary if one desires to know the true pullorum status of a flock. It is hoped that fleck owners will not give up testing their flocks because of war conditions. If infection once gains a foothold in a flock, the expense and the difficulty of eradicating it become exceedingly great. Quality of the stock will be greatly reduced because of infection and it may require several years to correct such losses. The careful and cautious flock owner will consider the omission of testing for one year or longer as highly inexpedient. 11 Testing All Birds on the Premises: Present regulations for the official Mass- achusetts pullorum grades require that all birds over five months of age be tested. This requirement is based on the fact that the true status of a flock cannot be de- termined unless all birds in the flock are tested, and applies to all breeding flocks even though part of the flock may be used only for egg and meat production. A small amount of infection in a flock can readily escape detection when it hap- pens to be located in untested birds. It has sometimes happened that a single infected bird has been detected in a flock of several hundred birds, and this reactor was the last bird bled in the flock. When the infection is small, that does not mean that it cannot increase in a mature flock. Testing results reveal that pullorum infection in an adult flock is not static. Therefore if untested infected birds exist on the premises, they represent a source of danger to the tested birds that have been found free from the disease. Prevention of Pullorum Infection: To avoid pullorum infection involves many disease prevention and sanitary measures. These measures have been listed in a previous section of this bulletin. More strict adherence to these measures may prevent difficulty and disappointment for some flock owners. Last season one flock was found infected that had been negative for 14 consecutive years. The flock owner reported that his birds were permitted direct contact with his niegh- bor's birds of unknown pullorum-disease status. In another instance, an infected bird, returned from an egg-laying contest, introduced infection into a flock that had been negative for 15 years. There are other avenues of infection in addition to the two mentioned which point out that the owner of a pullorum-free flock should follow an effective disease prevention program. Especial attention is called to this matter because under existing war conditions one is apt to ignore the full significance and necessity of a sound prevention program. Official Recognition of Tested Flocks: The Massachusetts Department of Agri- culture is the official state agency under the National Poultry Improvement Plan. Two official pullorum-tested grades (Massachusetts U. S. Pullorum Passed and Massachusetts U. S. Pullorum Clean) have been established. For complete information regarding the requirements and application for these grades, in- quiries should be sent to the Massachusetts Department of Agriculture, State House, Boston. Flock owners whose flocks are eligible should not fail to apply for official recognition. Lists of officially recognized flocks are published and serve as a guide for buying pullorum-lree stock. Poultrymen are encouraged to select from known free sources when new stock is introduced onto the premises. Cooperative Effort: In the past, the testing laboratory has received very fine cooperation from flock owners. It has been the policy of the laboratory to render high-quality service as economically as possible and to cooperate with the flock owner to make the seivice of the greatest value to him. In view of the labor scarcity and other restrictions which have resulted from the war, it is hoped that the laboiatory and the flock owners will not encounter any problems which cannot be met satisfactorily. MASSACHUSETTS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION Control Series Bulletin No. 113 September 1942 Inspection of Commercial Feedstuffs By Philip H. Smith This is the forty-eighth report of feeding stuffs inspection. It contains in- formation relative to the carotene content of alfalfa meals, the manganese con- tent of commercial mashes, the riboflavin content of various products, the protein quality of fish and meat meals, and the quality of ground oats found on the Massachusetts markets. Tables of analyses (protein, fat, and fiber) are omitted. MASSACHUSETTS STATE COLLEGE AMHERST, MASS. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS By Philip H. Smith' During the season extending from September 1, 1941, to May 1, 1942, 1,518 samples of feeding stuffs were collected and examined. For the first time in many years, however, the results will not be published, as it is believed that, be- cause of the scarcity of certain materials and enforced priorities, these results would not form an accurate basis for judging commercial feedstuffs to be pur- chased in the immediate future. With few exceptions the samples examined corresponded closely to the required guarantees of protein, fat and fiber. In no instance were they enough out of line to warrant prosecution. Considerable time has been spent upon matters which, while they are not a part of the requirements of the feed control law, have direct relation to the value of feeding stuffs. These include the carotene content of alfalfa meals, the ribo- flavin content of various products, the manganese content of commercial poultrv rations, and the protein quality index of meat and fish by-products. The results of this work form the basis of the present bulletin. Since the use of dried skim milk in poultry feeds has been curtailed, poultry- men have been forced to find substitutes which also carry a relatively high ribo- flavin content. The dried solubles contained in distillery refuse appear to be an important source. Dried distillers grains without the dried solubles are generally sold as "light" distillers grains while those which contain the dried solubles are sold as "dark" distillers grains. This terminology is not entirely correct, as faultv drying may cause a dark product which does not carry the dried solubles. Pur- chasers should demand distillers grains with dried solubles if they expect to ob- tain a product with an appreciable riboflavin content. Our attention has been called to the use of ground whole wheat in various grades of middlings. At certain times there has been a spread in price of about ten dollars a ton between middlings and Government wheat, which lends plaus- ibility to the assertion. The addition of ground wheat to middlings would de- crease both the fat and fiber content. It is also probably true that certain mills have modified their milling process to include a greater proportion of the wheat berry in the flour with a consequent gain in the nutritive value of the flour at the expense of the by-products. aik^ £ c t g ? members assisted in the inspection: John \V. Kuzmeski, H. Robert DeRose Albert F. Spelman, Leo V. Crowley, and C. Tyson Smith, chemists; Frederick A MclauYhfn' microscopist; James T. Howard, inspector; Cora B. Graver, Clerk ivici-augnnn, INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS GROUND AND PULVERIZED OATS There appears to be a general misunderstanding as to what really constitutes a ground oat. The Federal Grain Standards confuse the issue by declaring that any mixture containing at least 80 percent of sound oats shall be considered as "oals." We have yet to find oats of No. 2 grade (94 percent of sound cultivated oats) that did not carry at least 4 percent of fat. The table of analyses which follows indicates that some of the samples cannot be considered as better than No. 4 (80 percent of sound cultivated oats) and in some instances are of a suffi- ciently low grade to belong to the group known as feeding oats. It is believed that the grade of oats from which ground oats are made should appear as a part of the guarantee label. Attention is called to the two samples of ground oats manufactured bv Jacob Trinley & Sons. While they may be derived from an oat coming under one of the numerous Federal grades, they can in no sense be considered pure ground oats as labeled. As a basis of comparison, the average analysis of 33 samples of oats of known purity is given (95 percent or better of sound cultivated oats). This corresponds with the No. 2 Federal grade. These averaged from 31 to 45 pounds in test weight per bushel. No direct and consistent relation was noted between the analysis and the test weight. Average analysis of ground oats, 33 samples Percent Water . 10.3 Protein X2A Fat. 4. Nitrogen free extract ^9.5 Fiber 10° Ash 3-3 CONTROL BULLETIN No. 113 ~ _ 0 q NMO 1/5 q -h <* C^l ■* CN CN Wi CN < cj c«i " "S "* "t •O t»j ■ t^. d 00 rr> cn oc d z w uo -O 10 in i/j 10 10 w. IO 10 10 co ,1 -o ca *" O q q c. °.°. 1/3 10 1 IO "1 Omio = id "* r«3 t*i CN CN CN 1 -j ro 1 ■* 1 u Og ca- fe 1 T3 n ex; 00 cn Q\ CO ^ q — 00 q q "2 !■*• PO t^> o> 3 lt< C^J to — CN CN r*-; t»j r»i ci TT CO ■^ CN ro ^0 fc .•o ca cj 3 a © q q COO 0 q 1 q q COO «H CN CN O CN cn 1 CN CN 1 CN CN cn d d 1 '5 og ^ 1 " " 0 £ •0 c „ O DO «~, *t oc M CN CN CN U-; O ■^ CN CO ^ 3 0 fe Ocici CN CN CN CN CN CN CN 0 q O CN ■*\Coo t^ r> 00 l/J CN r^ NXO r^ rt — O O d dd «H — d CN OC vH c — d CN " T3 CJ . M73 CJ 3 3 ca ca 3 .5 5 0 CJ 0 3 3 . ca ca • ^(3 3 1 ca V 3 ca H I .2 3, £ ca C/j 3 > •O 6o"g UU-5 .5 .S3 ca ca^i 0 s£ j u 6 r.SU «°2 « cj.5i 0 £/) O ffl V CJ;— 0) CJ >> '5 3 g 6 u cJSi * 0 5 • OR 0 c. 3 O > ca a a 3 ca O 3 '3 O 3 O 1 6 O 5 E 0 u •o-o c 5 0* ffl«2 '3 v c CD 0 ■a 3 M c3i§Q w c t/i 3 > "3 X) d ca rj"0 la ca OO T3T3 V 0> — "a u Q B '<5 6 >> ca ca 0) O c 6 3 uS cO 'fO c h- 0 O .E cS a M . ca 6 s 0 k* CO m m c/^ 3 ca ca 13 m ce-OTJ >>rtO c c — U-a O O C cj k- »~ ^3 CJ CJ ^O k- k* 0 ": 3 3 So cueu tn •23 "3 c c3 ** 0 S-..Q JS M .C 3 cc 0 go C Mca |$ 1'S ^ CJ C 3 CJ k. 3b O JSfcfcL, •§? = = . c a,3 D.OO 0. 3-0 T3 «3 N N k. 0 5 5"3"a ^2 0 s >,> .- 3 a. II §0 = 0 . ca Sia s Q X z Z O a ca —1 u INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 5 CAROTENE CONTENT OF ALFALFA PRODUCTS J. W. Kuzmeski and L. V. Crowley This is a report on the carotene and vitamin A content of alfalfa products collected by our inspectors in December 1941 . Most of the samples are from manufacturers' plant? located in Massachusetts where registered feeds are made and retailed at the plant. On account of the rapid deterioration of carotene in alfalfa held in storage, as much as 50 percent of the carotene may be lost in twelve months. A few examinations made by other chemists indicate that as much as 10 percent may be lost in transit from western states. While opinion differs, it is believed that alfalfa should carry at least 50,000 International Units of vitamin A per pound when introduced into a feed. Certain feed manufacturers with definite methods of control set a much higher standard. The carotene content of a feed will continue to decrease after the alfalfa is in- corporated. The following suggestions are offered: 1. Do not purchase requirements long in advance, especially during summer months. 2. Be assured of a high vitamin content at the time of shipping. The shipper can guarantee the vitamin content then. After that the loss is dependent upon the length of time in, and condition of storage. Carotene content is converted to its vitamin A equivalent in International Units per pound by multiplying the parts per million of carotene by the factor 756. While Control Service can in no way take the place of a commercial laboratory, it is prepared to make carotene assays of alfalfa products for those who have no other means available at a cost of $2.00 per sample. Before submitting samples, write for instructions. CONTROL BULLETIN NoTlB •9 o a &> i-» a o U a a u u E* > Si ^ e 3 o> 5 k a. 2 O «3 Uftn 3S£ QgSc ••"•§2 O DO P c _ ikC cd .Em -H 2 r6 - O oU o JJ.SS.S cs ^-- t. m b< s -^ - . u • StdS Oram W (d.^ cd O ro ^ iO On" -i" >0* 00 — <« « cn cd cd cd cd a; o a> a> « nJ a3 cti nJ Q c6 cti cd cd "O . . . . "3 >>>■>. >> *^ v "2 ? cj jr > c. rd-o 0. ra . 3 £01 p < E S - = *0 >> 5 En g o CO HCh 4) "3 . -Cm 3 _ 5 6 ;fe5 .S^WB^ B< . KH C .J 3 m "Hug? 3«j 3 «3ii °£ -o 3 oU .-g or§«8gS w .. cfc c B&'JZ ■ £ "3.M 00 §• o S3 .-s« O • • B m cqQQDO OONiOOOONOO tJi cm cc ■ O O >o« -1 CN 11 NO©OCvCCNOOvOOvOC-i •I i* 00 O* ro O t^ (15 N to -ICNCNOO-^t^lOCSfO'^' — OoOCWco^Ci^CN Of ^iCt^lNCiOO'tts ^ cdcdcdcdcdcdcdcdcdcd <-l_ pvcdcdcdcdcdcdcdcdcdcd "^ ^ "3 "3 Id "3 "3 "cd "3*313*3 Q N'O'O'O'O'OTJ'O'O'O'O (JEEEEEEECEE cuaicuajajcuajcDcycy — — — — ~ _ ^, ^ ~ ^ i, -oooooooooo i O C O i o o O O tu O ^ac.ftD,c.ftftfto.ft £"3333333333 ■jjlCMMIOIlKOIOIOlCKl 3 3 o o caoa J3J3 Btj r u a) s 5<< O -C-C -- - - O-d ►J BEE o rt ni ^§§ * r .- J 6 6 "■OT3 ,tC a a 01 o> 3 3 n . . feWK nt"c3 © ' . . u re i >> >, u.5 u oi . re Uucc _=: « co re "J I- — 3 K 01 v <• 3 1) II "<30 MM « c ti«> .2 3 > > ■swWK s ° as c^ cn — '3 • j >. >. .cc *J a; o (/3QC oxi-o CSC too SEE Z 3 ~ 0) 3 5*5 o'-' oi oi iic i- -iCifi C MS oUM 3.2 Sij.E.S •) o^U o o O 3>-^ 3 3 X B-..:«J • • iS ■ouWcOO K 3 • -3 • • aSSxXS m — ■>* \C >^ — 1*5 *~ '15 a .31 s S"3j5 u =Sg222 <3,re>re-rl3j§ BJJ> cfl co pi co CO ii "3 *J 4J CO •> c ai ai o> cu !±2 O r u : 9) CO o 5g 3 £ 3 .Q ** .C O O . Or ) ;=* : rCJ :&U> O O — O r- e ^ 0) 1> 3 01 >- _g W t/3 c/3 :£ cn a ^ ~c ggfcgSfcQ CO CO . raj? .. ■ [x, fc U ~ !> '- ~ oc co c£*? 00 Tf tH *"» sC ^ - t^OcscccC' w. ro %c r^T i/> J. ' rs *£ HZ CO CO 01 01 £2 "re re oi OJ Jh cdjS = STreH Si 3> . c S-S -of o 2ffi U orcaO - i-ri oi t: rlllOo,? •a > E^* -* -c o ^ • . «; v m W< S3 O "~. o o o >C t- o **•_ o_ f*5 00 -^J* O ^t ir CS t*3 ^J *^ — oo \r>t~\r> 01 co<< re >•>>- I ^ « u'= •reSQD^ i/i ^^.^^-o co re^ s « tin «HW a ^'c7)2'-](5 g Jiffi £ re re-6^ oi C^ Ss:== >.« -g 0 SJ •O re cd.c > £ 2^ ci3:^3(1-, orereoi z$ cfl cd rt rt a; qj oi >c (« CO 03 -S re re re<< Z a> co ,/ E E r^TJ fi, 01 OI O C "" ftft _ 3 4> O O SO 55 0!^W ^ c c >-c c C oc OO CN •*'■<)■" t^ "m"^ ^3 c-S c-. uca re In CONTROL BULLETIN No. 113 RIBOFLAVIN CONTENT OF VARIOUS PRODUCTS J. W. Kuzmeski Riboflavin, a factor of vitamin G, is essential to growth. It is of especial im- portance in the diet of poultry. Until recently, dependence has been placed very largely upon milk products in securing adequate amounts of this important vitamin. With the growing scarcity of dried milk products, substitutes have been sought. Those which have received the greatest consideration are dried distillers solubles and concentrates made from them and other distillery residues. In addition to tests with small animals there are two accepted methods for the determination of riboflavin: the microbiological and the fluorometric. For the results reported, the latter was adopted, using the Coleman spectrophotometer with attachments for fluorescence measurements. Where check tests were attempted with other laboratories, a considerable but not serious variation was found in some instances, possibly due to the fact that the methods are of com- paratively recent origin and may contain imperfections which will be eliminated eventually. In the meantime more or less variation may be reasonably expected in the results reported by different laboratories. In general the apparent ribo- flavin content found by the fluorometric method is somewhat lower than that obtained microbiologically. A comparatively low riboflavin content of a feed does not necessarily condemn it. In some products this is merely incidental and the product is primarily used for some other element or elements it may contain. In order to present data not generally available, riboflavin tests are reported on a variety of products which are or might conceivably be used as sources of the vitamin. Where two or more samples were tested, the results are averaged un- less the individual results were so utterly at variance as to make an average mean- ingless. It is the intention to make a more extended survey particularly of those com- mercial mixtures for which a high riboflavin content is claimed. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS - a > -1 § a V - ■a 09 s ao 3 nop ZOl odd •S.S.EU d d 6 k fc S j'juu <« ca d.3 . . . jS^S cfc.fc.fc. "goo a?! S & XC/J^j «J U ._, .- na o o en « cfl t • S a; 01 O. C* 3 c c a c^pg Qu « oi wo rt rt Sw«w « a « - .2 iiii10 S £ SSS^ c c £ S ^^g^^^S-ae ^^t vo ^) ^J* *5 C3 CC UynH.10. ."UOU) „5>8 3J U U ^ l i1 *P ■— ■— •— y *-s ^ o o o m"° u «i u 3.ii to >o po N M ^ ^" f*; 9 e e c o o o X X X e c e o o o J. X X xj a > > u cii :£< ■ ex i ' ■■- a a 5-Sti • Cd O V O V- 5; _ a o » m c J "gSE as.2E — v o> o 3J3 a! SO »S c g D > >Ji ofcl ^ — ers x^ c ^^ St) «-, E a J3.2S E 2? es c o.2 3 0> V V > > >< i"c3"ca"cd h : EEEc i'e'e'e ° 3 ) o o o »^ > O O O-^, t, i 3 3 S^e ^ -. ■I _ 2 '3 = J C •- . OJ S £E "so, " a O '3 «"3 £ jg a = ^o > G^g-plo, £°|*|B| ° I ex o-o si | fc. £ x a. a, cq m •*o . D X) ■ g ^ Q o S-- £O.0C 54^;^, u CONTROL BULLETIN No. 113 .SSfe O 1> t £i2M •g-ft cop o_ 8<*J T3T3TJ da be i» t l> -^■^ J3 .P.3 - o o w o> m O rt 03 ;-;-;- •S'S"'3 (X. US .5 c.tj rt.fi o o i» aj> a; MM,,, e fi p c n 'S'c o ° ° > C C « *" *■ S£cg££000 fl. .2mQ fi fcEC .sis 2 o J c - i — I ■/) leH rt1^ S-fi.fi Cm ■a «;- ;s> c W- O — u oatsx 1 i> ii fcL, > > > JJJ — T3T3X) Si o o o >UOO o .'■" -w -m o c c c cs o o o Gt:t;t o o o GOO ^-.^rocs-*-*-**- — ~- C 3 . . tea o;= o £(j ca oeu >>5 • ^.h <-> «3QG o (j o i'O 3 3 .5 r„-OTD 2 o o ■ "S ^ ^ 2 2 !DE ■o p •0 = = H ■SS bo'-tf BC I- P >•>> fc 3 i^ 5 fcc«-S^O ■s§|"S'£k hp5<3p li3 — ; 1 l . . -w S S "3 — ->— i^3 ^ -, K JM 03^ U .<< ^ cO- — x:_,_— ' u n^ ^ c 2 ^^ 1 ->' d D 1 >, S< ;: b 5 5w u i r -i oi >> >. 1; . ^-S . >,j= j: - -: - c : U 1 0) 3 - -3 ' O D u a SI •5 4) 0=5 QO INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 11 mm m O O urR .CO gU u -£■>.£ s O D, G (DO O .~ ii 0.O c u ■4J O .u O o o U P r. = l» o z I/} -t - ?> CO C T^^IO CS 't(*)OOl'! O X O -h t^! o\ n" o" o © © o* N ^ X m rn — r*» cn oo t-. en r^- cnon o © — o in o io o^c ■"* cn ^^^^ o'o^'rsd t^ in oo r-» r^ en o in r^»n rn en on ioiocc o . *t en O m NOOO^iO N — o Noot^— coo — OOOOOO COOO id i-*- in o ■"-! oo i/)i/5M o en cc^ m oo in "^ O eO oo oo o o n en o o CN © oooo CN 00 CN N «h e'dt' oo m en o ■— 00 en o oooo j enO 1/5 N CO O N in in in in in in — 00 tOrnf. noh *«t in" o in ^t in m in in V SSS SSS22 J3 43XSJ3 43 > > > jjj a> cd EE£ £• e c c SEE >>> V 01 V c c c -.s.= -o -- si a ^ -s-s •a -5 — .- >> C3 rt c c •D-O B B c c ~ J3 B B hfkthl. ^"rlr 'm 'S '3 O n MM •- ■- MM •-•- 3S X XX O 01 11 1 c c c c u u i> u *0 TD "O T3 'a '5 'c "S II 1> u u O O O !J 3 3 3 = OOOO in U 1) li ii j: j: j: j: tetotata B B 11 U oi u INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 15 r^ ts 00 "* ■* S> C> -4 X rf 9 — 00 O OMT; «J '*."1'0.0: iX i/i >o 6 — 6 oo ui >© i/i c£"*l^'J 5 3 8 So © - « o -^ o o omo o -. « © ^. "> - ™ * — ■* CN © ^■■c q ~t J5 O in oo oJ ^ mooos«-Cin«5»6-«TJoo ^ ~ 2 ~ vO r^ l*i c*J Nlfl O ~l c*-. c? 00 — "f ~"; ^i 1/3 X C3 u"i t~- "^ ^ ^ ^ — tS •* <«5 ** *-< W rsOS'l'C'Of ff 2 S £ £ "iss m mmm sssna ssiiiissii t^ ^ O "^ ir> -< ■* t-; 06 © ^ c* odoocsod oo— o^^t^3-^ — x x ~) -+ ~: © <"^ 2 1 5 -2nSd^5 oS^^rf- «*■«" *5 00 ^ C* O* 00 ' o- •* r» q o a >n £5 §£ 3 '>*K :•*">■* c »o »/i in *o 3 0J 0J OJ Q-* ^O C C C C O O O O O w PQCQCQCQ Qu "S c c c c 4> rt 03 cd 03 ^ o3 ol cd cd a; 0) o o o o OUUU cd cd 22 >, >> cd is •O-O cd cd 00 01 0£ M WW dddaaaaao. cdcdcdcdcdcdcdcdcd 222222222 *a> *u "cu *i> *eu *?j i* 9-1 ^ ooooooooo ,-d cd rt nJ aJ c3 c3 oj w i> V V a> >>>>>> JJJJJJJ "rt 'rt "cs ?3 rt rt rt 'H'S'H'c'c'E'S o o o o o o o o o u u u o o cd ts a! a a rt es aj a; cy cu cj v v iaaaaaaattB rtcdcdn!rtg2225 cj o o o o o o o '-; u gggsisssli C/it/]XCO 4; 4J OJ O C S C C O O O O P3 03CQCO T3T3-0-0 C C C C cd cd cd rt "bVbVoo'M di si bi » a "J Scucui'iui'iyiuiiw OS as as 3! ai ai a< X X X rt cd cd cd o CU CU IU HJ — ucucuouajajajii^i; oooo -M i; S S S » « m K », J ooao j-> 3 3 3 3 asa:a;^ 16 CONTROL BULLETIN No. 113 MANGANESE IN COMMERCIAL POULTRY AND CHICK RATIONS H. Robert DeRose It has become a general practice to add manganese to commercial mashes as a preventive of perosis (bone trouble) in growing chicks and to improve shell texture and maintain weight in adult birds. A normal ration that does not have an excess of corn will usually contain between 40 and 50 parts per million of manganese. It is not within the province of regulatory officials to fix the levels at which manganese should be present in a ration. This is a function of the poul- try nutritionist, and even among experts there appears to be some disagreement a? to levels below which the manganese content should not fall. Rather, it is the duty of control officials to present analytical data as found; the interpretation and application of such data to lie with the poultryman and nutritionist. Over three hundred samples of commercial mashes were tested for manganese content. In most of them added manganese was declared. However, there seemed to be no uniformity of declaration. In some instances where manganese was declared, it does not seem possible that the quantity found was any greater than should have been present in the natural ingredients used. In other instances where a declaration of added manganese was lacking, it does not seem possible that the amount found could have been obtained from natural ingredients. The extremely small amount used must present mixing problem? which can be partially obviated by first mixing the manganese with calcium carbonate or oyster shell meal before introducing it into the feed mixture. Of the several manganese salts used, anhydrous manganese sulfate predom- inated, although the carbonate and dioxide were also used in a few cases. The relative merits of these several salts is not known. Where a declaration of quan- titative content is made, it should be in terms of the element alone and not as the sulfate or other salt used. The intent of the manufacturer on this point is not always clear. Especial reference is made to an article entitled "Studies in Mineral Nutrition of Laying Hens. I. The Manganese Requirement," by Gutowska and Park- hurst, found in Poultry Science XXI, No. 3, Mav 1942. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 17 Manganese Content of VariousPoultr\-amn^^ Manganese (Mn> Manufacturer and Brand Parts per Million Allied Mills, Inc. 46 Economy Laying Mash 188 Wayne Breeder Mash _ 84 Wayne Chick and Broiler Ration 150 Wayne Chick Starter 172 Wayne Egg Mash 116 Wayne Flushing Mash 138 Wayne Growing Mash 160 Wayne Laying Mash 350 Wayne Supplement Mash 172 Wayne Poultry Developer 188 Wayne Turkey Growing Mash A. P. Ames & Co. . 74 Ames Complete Cycle Ration 75 Ames Egg Mash .,„•». 66 Ames Starter and Broiler Ration Arcady Farms Milling Co. 63 Arcady Complete Chick Starter 89 Arcady Growing Mash 92 Arcady Laying Mash 81 Arcady Turkey Growing Mash E. W. Bailey & Co. 88 Bailey's Pennant Complete Layer 82 Bailey's Pennant Laying Mash 88 Bailey's Pennant Laying Pellets 41 Bailey's Pennant Turkey Fattener Barber & Bennett, Inc. 67 Fort Orange Growing Mash 83 Fort Orange Laying Mash Beacon Milling Co.. Inc. 149 Beacon Battery Growing Ration 104 Beacon Battery Laying Ration 24> Beacon Breeders Mash 70 Beacon Broiler Feed 41 Beacon C-C Pellets 70 Beacon Complete Starting Ration 63 Beacon Duck Fattener 99 Beacon Duck Grower Pellets 91 Beacon Fleshing Pellets 147 Beacon "16" Growing Mash 138 Beacon "20" Laying Mash 96 Beacon Turkey Growing Feed Berkshire Coal & Grain Co., Inc. 39 Green Mountain Laying Mash 32 "Gro Fast" All Mash Complete Starter and Broiler Borden Grain Co. 118 Borden's Layini Mash 66 Boi den's Starter and Growing reed George B. Brown Corp. 68 Brown's Egg Mash Community Feed Stores 88 Community Chick Mash 78 Community Growing Mash 94 Community Laying Mash Nicolas Courcy Grain Co. 88 Courcy's Eastern Milk Laying Mash 18 CONTROL BULLETIN No. 113 Manganese Content of Various Poultry and Chick Rations— Continued Manufacturer and Brand Manganese (Mn) Parts per Million Wirthmore Special Egg Mash Wirthmore Super Pellets Wirthmore Turkey Breeder Ration Wirthmore Turkey Fattening Ration W irthmore Turkey Growing Ration W irthmore Turkey Starting Mash Dailey Mills, Inc. Dailey's Egg Producer Mash Dailey's Starter-Broiler Mash Dailey's Super Hatch Producer Elmore Milling Co., Inc Elmore Chlxsaver Elmore Complete Layer & Breeder 108 98 89 90 Chas. M. Cox Co. Utility Growing Ration 7S Utility Laying Ration Li Wirthmore Baby Chick Starter ,«, Wirthmore Breeder Mash }no Wirthmore Complete Breeder Ration Wirthmore Complete Breeder Ration Wirthmore Complete Chick Starter & Broiler Wirthmore Complete Egg Ration <)f) Wirthmore Complete Egg Ration oV Wirthmore Complete Gi owing Ration ,nn Wirthmore Finishing Pellets „ Wirthmoie Fleshing and Fattening Pellets *a W irthmore Growing Mash Vi Wirthmore Laying Mash o| Wirthmore Poultry Flush c£ Wirthmore Poultry Flush Vj Wirthmore Special Broiler Feed tj Wirthmore Special Broiler Feed 94 106 45 114 94 100 Dailey^s All Mash Breeder-Producer o4 66 62 92 79 93 90 42 Dailey's Super Laying Mash 7 \ Delaware Mills, Inc. Delaware Egg Mash 10n Delaware Grow Mash \ri Delaware 19% Laying Mash 82 Frank Diauto Diauto's Fancy Chick Glowing Mash fi3 Diauio's Special Egg Mash 57 Dietrich & Cambrill, Inc. D & G Broiler Mash Gambrill's Growing Mash Gambrill's Laying Mash J. L. Dunnell & Son Excel Mash East Bridgewater Farmers' Exchange, Inc. Exchange Growing Feed Exchange Mash Feed Eastern States Farmers' Exchange All Mash Egg s4 Developer ST Egg Mash ,£> Finishing Mash ' — Flushing Mash 43 Starting and Broiler Ration 75 Turkey Breeder Mash 70 Turkey Fat Mash 5* Turkey Grow Mash RS Turkey Start ,££ M. W. Ellis Ellis Poultry Mash cQ Ellis Poultry Mash 74 52 51 176 Elmore Complete Starter & Broiler 78 Elmore Egg Mash 12n Elmore Growing Mash 170 Elmore M. A. C Laying Mash 94 Elmore Turkey Growing Mash j20 Elmore Turkey Starting Mash 54 INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 19 Manganese Content of Various Poultry and Chick Rations— Continued Manufacturer and Brand pManganes^rMnJ George A. Fair John W. Eshelman & Sons -,. Eshelman Red Rose Growing Mash f " Eshelman Red Rose Laying Mash Essex County Cooperative Farming Assn. S-X All Mash Egg 74 S-X All Mash Growing , .^ S-X Egg Mash Jg5 S-X Growing Mash 7- S-X Starter and Broiler 106 Fair Square Growing Mash QS Fair Square Laying Mash Florv Milling Co.. Inc. 148 Flor-Eta Complete Laying Mash Flor-Eta Complete Starter and Grower J" Flory Broiler Mash Js2 Flory 18% Growing Mash 4g Flory Health-Tonic ,26 Flory Starter Mash ... Golden Egg Grower Mash 74 Golden Egg Laying Mash .„ Golden Egg Starter and Broiler 200 Sunray Laying Mash Fred A. Fountain. Inc. 100 Fountain's Breeder Mash ... Fountain's Growing Mash Q Fountain's Laying Mash .__ Fountain's Starting and Broiler Ration Paul Fuller & Sons g4 Eggmaker J. B. Garland & Son. Inc. .-0 Royal Laying Mash General Mills. Inc . Farm Serivce Division Farm Service All Mash Growing Ti Farm Service Chick Starter , Farm Service Laying Mash ^ Service Mash Goode Grain Co. 1JU Goode Laying Mash Mass. F°r,mu'a JjT Goode Starting and Growing Ma3h Grand Union Co. lig Grand Union Laying Mash D. H. Grandin Milling Co. „4 Grandin's Breeder Mash „„ Grandin's Chick Starting Mash °" Grandin's Complete Grower Ration '° Grandin's Complete Starter and Broiler »* Grandin's Fleshing Pellets L Grandin's Growing Mash . Grandin's Hi Pro Pellets " Grandin's Market Egg Mash x"f Grandin's Start-To-Finsih Mash ™ Money Saver Broiler Mash Money Saver Egg Mash no Money Saver Growing Mash Grandin's Turkey Grower Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Co. Daily Egg Mash Daily Growth Chick Starter Daily Growth Growing Mash 68 Daily Egg Mash g7 Daily Growth Chick Starter °' Great River Milling Co. 7n Grimco Complete Starter Broiler '» Grimco Growing Mash 13g Grimco Laying Mash 20 CONTROL BULLETIN No. 113 Manganese Content of Various Poultry and Chick Rations— Continued Manufacturer and Brand Manganese (Mn) Parts per Million Hales & Hunter Co. Red Comb All-Mash 64 Red Comb Balancer 80 Red Comb Batry Fed Layer 50 Red Comb Broiler Mash 86 Red Comb Chick Starter 88 Red Comb Crate Fattener 31 Red Comb Egg Mash 88 Red Comb Flushing Mash 51 Red Comb Sup-Pel 34 D. Harbeck & Sons Crusader All Purpose Mash 37 Special 1941 Mash 42 Welcome Growing Mash 68 Welcome Laying Mash 37 Welcome Starter and Broiler 140 Welcome Turkey Growing Mash 44 Welcome Turkey Starter 48 D. B. Hodgkins' Sons Hodgkins Growing Mash 77 Hodgkins Poultry Mash 63 Horvitz Feed Co. Mak-M-Lay Laying Mash 45 Kasco Mills, Inc. Apex Complete Grower 69 Apex Growing Mash 68 Apex Starter 60 Kasco Laying and Breeding Mash 90 Kasco Poultry Flushing Mash 64 Kasco Turkey Grower 53 Mansfield Coal & Grain Co. Manco Growing Mash 42 Manco Laying Mash 46 Mansfield Milling Co. Mansfield Chick Growing Mash 60 Mansfield Chick Starter 92 Mansfield Dry Poultry Mash 68 Merrimack Farmers' Exchange, Inc. Merrimack All Mash 58 Merrimack Chick Starter 85 Merrimack Growing Mash 145 Merrimack Laying Mash 104 Merrimack Special Mash 96 Merrimack Super Mash 91 Middlesex County Farm Bureau Assn. Farm Bureau All Mash Developer 63 Farm Bureau All Mash Laying 78 Farm Bureau Battery Mash 161 Farm Bureau Breeder & Laying Mash 108 Farm Bureau Developer 64 Farm Bureau Laying Mash 17' ,' 90 Farm Bureau Complete Laying Mash 75 Farm Bureau Conditioner 52 Farm Bureau Flushing Mash 88 Farm Bureau Laying Mash (no milk) 127 Farm Bureau Starter and Broiler 93 Farm Bureau Turkey Breeder Mash 84 Farm Bureau Turkey Growing Ration 92 Farm Bureau Turkey Starter 75 Geo. Q. Moon & Co., Inc. Crescent Laying Mash 53 Complete Starter and Broiler 46 Moon's Complete Laying Mash 63 New England Grain Co. New England Starter and Broiler 60 New England Sterling Laying Mash 50 New England Sterling Starting and Growing 54 INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 21 Manganese Content of Various Poultry and Chick Rations-Continued -«* r i „„j RronH Manganese (Mnl Manufacturer and Brand Parts per MfflioI1 New England Retail Grain Dealers Coop. Assn. 47 New England Quality Chick Starter .,„ New England Quality Starter Broiler Ration New England Yankee Egg Mash m New England Yankee Growing Mash Ogden Grain Co. 106 "Biddy" Laying Mash 104 "Biddy" Laying Mash 87 Pilgrim All Purpose Complete Ration 98 Pilgrim Flush Conditioner gfJ Pilgrim Growing Mash j04 Pilgrim Laying Mash gl Pilgrim Starter and Broiler Ration 46 Thrift Growing Mash 81 Thrift Growing Mash 55 Thrift Starter and Broiler Ration 57 Thrift Starter and Broiler Ration Palm Grain Co. 88 Perfection Growing Mash gn Perfection Laying Mash 100 Perfection Starter and Broiler Park & Pollard Co. 5S Bid well Growing Feed 46 Bidwell Laying Mash 50 Lay or Bust Dry Mash 63 Manamar Life Cycle Mash 54 Park & Pollard All-Mash Growing Feed 55 Park & Pollard Breeder Mash ,2 Park & Pollard Growing Feed g. Park & Pollard Starter Pellets 59 Park & Pollard Starter and Broiler Mash , Park & Pollard Turkey Grower 48 Park & Pollard Turkey Starter George H. Parker Grain Co. 143 Parker's Egg Mash 82 Parker's Growing Mash 55 Parker's Starter and Broiler Ration H. C. Puffer Co. 138 Egg-Em-On Complete Egg Mash 96 Egg-Em-On Growing Feed 06 Egg-Em-On Laying Mash g3 Egg-Em-On Starter and Broiler Quaker Oats Co. 7o Big Egg Laying Mash 69 Big Egg Laying Mash 58 Ful-O-Pep Broiler ss Ful-O-Pep Egg Breeder Mash S4 Ful-O-Pep Growing Mash 68 Ful-O-Pep Turkey Grower Ralston Purina Co. 7o Purina Chick Growena 58 Purina Chick Startena o8 Purina Chick Startena 159 Purina Lay Chow ^-j Purina Turkey & Chicken Fatena g3 Purina Turkey Growena 103 Purina Turkey Growena log Purina Turkey Startena D. F. Riley 33 Riley's Growing Mash 40 Riley's Laying Mash Roy Grain Co. 84 Roy's Hen Mash g2 Roy's Chick Starter and Grower Ryther & Warren Co. 112 Minot Chick Mash 120 Minot Growing Mash 114 Minot Egg Mash 22 CONTROL BULLETIN No. 113 Manganese Content of Various Poultry and Chick Rations — Concluded Manufacturer and Brand Manganese (Mn) Parts per Million Smith-Bodfish Swift Co. Paramount Complete Mash 51 Tioga Mills, Inc. Tasty Laying Food 147 Ti-O-Ga Starter and Grower 128 Jacob Trinley & Sons Limerick Laying Mash 57 Limerick Laying Mash 56 United Cooperative Farmers, Inc. Breeder Mash 103 Egg Mash 116 Grower 99 Layer 99 Special Starter-Broiler 122 Starter 100 Unity Feeds, Inc. Paycheck Layinq Mash 54 Unity Growing Mash 48 Arthur Ventura Grain Co. Ventura Grower 108 Ventura Laying Mash 110 Ventura Starter 92 C. P. Washburn Co. "Made-Right" Complete Broiler Ration 80 "Made-Right" Complete Layer 42 "Made-Right" Dry Mash ' 74 "Made-Right"Starting and Growing Feed 90 H. K. Webster Co. Blue Seal All Mash Growing Ration 69 Blue Seal Breeders All Mash Ration 86 Blue Seal Breeders Laying Mash 89 Blue Seal Breeders Mash S7 Blue Seal Broiler Ration 52 Blue Seal Chick Starter 72 Blue Seal Egg Mash 98 Blue Seal Fleshing Pellets 49 Blue Seal Growing Mash 63 Blue Seal Turkey Growing 56 Blue Seal Turkey Starter 167 Est. M. G. Williams Williams Growing Mash 118 Williams Laying Mash 154 Stanley Wood Grain Co. Preferred Complete Growing Ration 76 Preferred Complete Laying Ration 84 Preferred Growing Feed 112 Preferred Laying Mash 122 Preferred Starting Feed 85 Yantic Grain & Products Co. Big Y Complete Chick Starter & Broiler 50 Big Y 20 Milk and Oil Laying Mash 83 Big Y Milk and Oil Growing Feed 120 INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 23 Directory o." Manufacturers Who Registered Feeding Stuffs for Sa'e in Massachusetts in 1942 Acme Evans Co., Indianapolis, Ind. Albers Milling Co., Seattle, Wash. Allied Mills, Inc., Chicago, 111. „ American Maize- Products Co., 100 East 42nd St., New York N. \ ., A. P. Ames & Co., 10 Walnut St., Peabody, Mass. Arcady Farms Milling Co., 223 West Jackson Blvd., Chicago, 111. Archer-Daniels-Midland Co., Minneapolis, Minn. Fv„hiingel Ashcraft- Wilkinson Co., Atlanta, Ga. (Registered also for Rio Grande \ alley Citrus Exchange) W. E. Atkinson Co., 27 Water St., Newburyport, Mass. E. R. Bacon Grain Co., Chicago, 111. B. & B. Dairy Co., Inc., Margaretville, N. Y. E. W. Bailey & Co., Montpelier, Vt. Barber & Bennett, Inc., Albany, N. Y. Bay State Milling Co., Winona, Minn. Beacon Milling Co., Inc., Cayuga, N. Y. Berkshire Coal & Grain Co., Inc., North Adams, Mass. Bisbee Linseed Co., Inc., Amsterdam. N. Y. Blatchford Calf Meal Co., Waukegan, 111. Blatchley & Ballard, Inc., Middletown, Conn. Borden Co., 350 Madison Ave., New York, N. Y. Borden Grain Co., West Water St., Taunton, Mass. t v„rHi impriral A. H. Brown & Bros., Boston, Mass. (Registered by Melhn s Food Company of North America) George B. Brown Corporation, Ipswich, Mass. Buckeye Cotton Oil Co., Cincinnati, Ohio C. W. Burckhalter, Inc., 156 Franklin St., New York, N. Y. A. B. Caple Co., Toledo. Ohio ,_ . . , , ... , _„ ~ > Center Milk Products Co.. Middlebury Center, Penn. (Registered also tor Vita-Lac Co.) Central Soya Co., Inc., 300 Old-First Bank Bldg., Fort Wayne, Ind. (Registered also for Central Sugar Co., Inc.) . _ „ . . Central Sugar Co., Inc., Decatur, Ind. (Registered by Central Soya Co., Inc.) Cerophyl Laboratories, Inc., 2438 Broadway. Kansas City, Mo. Clinton Co., Clinton, Iowa Commander-Larabee Milling Co., Minneapolis, Minn. Commercial Milling Co., 323 East Atwater St., Detroit. Mich. Community Feed Stores, East Longmeadow, Mass. Community Service, Inc., Canaan, Conn. Consolidated Rendering Co., 178 Atlantic Ave., Boston, Mass. Continental Distilling Corp.. 1800 West Lehigh Ave., Philadelphia, Penn. Corn Products Sales Co., 17 Battery Place. New York, N. \ . Courcy Grain Co., 12 Waverly St., Taunton, Mass. Cover Grain & Feed Co., 150 Middle St., Lowell, Mass. .,._,._ , Chas. M. Cox. Co., 177 Milk St.. Boston, Mass. (Registered also lor Tait Bros.) Dailey Mills, Inc., Binghamton, N. Y. ,,.„,,, ~ x- xr i tvt v Dairymen's League Co-Operative Association. Inc., 11 West 42nd St., New York, N. Y. Dawe's Products Co., 4S00 South Richmond St., Chicago, 111. Decatur Milling Co., Inc., Decatur, 111. Decatur Soy Products Co., Decatur, 111. Dehydrating Process Co., 60 Mt. Washington Ave., Boston. Mass. Delaware Mills, Inc., Deposit, N. Y. Denver Alfalfa Milling & Products Co.. Lamar, Col. Deutsch & Sickert Co., Milwaukee, Wis. Frank Diauto, 87 Warren St., Randolph, Mass. F. Diehl & Son, Inc., Wellesley, Mass. Dietrich & Gambrill, Inc., Frederick, Md. . Drackett Products Co., 5020 Spring Grove Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio Dreyer Commission Co., 300 Merchants Exchange Bldg., St. Louis. Mo. Eagle Roller Mill Co., New Ulm, Minn. East Bridgewater Farmers' Exchange, Inc., East Bndgewater. .Mass. Eastern Grain Co., Bridgewater, Mass. Eastern Semolina Mills, Inc., Baldwinsville, N. Y . Eastern States Farmers' Exchange, Box 1482, Spnnghela. Mass. B. A. Eckhart Milling Co., 1300 Carroll Ave., Chicago. 111. Economy Grocery Stores Corporation, 393 D Street, South Boston, Mas Egg-O-Milk Co., Baltimore, Md. M. W. Ellis Estate, 19 Walnut St., Peabody, Mass. Elmore Milling Co., Inc., Oneonta, N. Y. John W. Eshelman & Sons, Lancaster, Penn. Essex County Cooperative Farming Association, Topshela, Evans Milling Co., Indianapolis, Ind. Excelsior Milling Co., Minneapolis, Minn. George A. Fair, Holliston, Mass. Farmers Feed Co., 532 East 76th St., New York, N. V . Federal Mill, Inc., Lockport, N. Y. Feed Associates, Sllngerlands, N. Y. Ferneau Grain Co., Blanchester, Ohio Finger Lakes & Hudson Flour Mills, Inc., 7-9 Madison Street, Troy. N. \ . Finger Lakes and Hudson Flour Mills, Inc., Geneva, N. Y. First National Stores, Inc., 5 Middlesex Ave., Somerville, Mass. Flory Milling Co., Inc., Bangor, Penn. Ford Motor Co., 3000 Schaefer Road, Dearborn, Mich. Fred A. Fountain, Inc., Taunton, Mass. Dean S. French, 17 Columbia St., Stoughton, Mass. Fruen Milling Co., Minneapolis, Minn. Paul Fuller & Sons, Salem, Mass. Funk Bros. Seed Co., Bloomington, 111. J. B. Garland & Son, Inc., Worcester, Mass. General Foods Corporation, Corn Mill Division, Kankakee, 111. General Foods Corporation, Post Products Division, Battle Creek, Mich. 24 CONTROL BULLETIN No. 113 General Mills, Inc., Minneapolis, Minn. General Mills, Inc.. Farm Service Division, Fitchburg, Mass. W. K. Gilmore & Sons, Inc., Walpole, Mass. Glidden Co., Soya Products Division, 5165 West Moffat St., Chicago., 111. Gloucester Dehydrating Process Co., Gloucester, Mass. Golden Eagle Milling Co., Petaluma, Cal. (Registered by Western Condensing Co.) Goode Grain Co., 452 Broadway, Lowell, Mass. Gorton-Pew Fisheries Co., Ltd.. 327 Main St., Gloucester, Mass. Grand Isle County Co-Operative Creamery Association, Grand Isle. Yt. Grand Union Co., 50 Church St., New York, N. Y. D. H. Grandin Milling Co., Jamestown, N. Y. Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Co.. New York, N. Y. Great Eastern Feed Mills, Phoenix Ave., Lowell, Mass. Great River Milling Co., Westfield, Mass. Green Acre Farms, Nazareth, Penn. Hales & Hunter Co., 166 West Jackson Blvd., Chicago, 111. Wm. Hamilton & Son, Inc., Caledonia, N. Y. D. Harbeck & Sons, New Bedford, Mass. Hecker Products Corporation, Flour and Cereal Division, 50 Marvin St., Buffalo, N. Y. Hercules Powder Co., Dairy Products Division, 332 South Michigan Ave., Chicago, I". D. B. Hodgkins' Sons, Gloucester, Mass. Hoosier Soybean Mills, Inc., Marion, Ind. Horton Grain Co., 23 Brown Square, Ipswich, Mass. Horvitz Feed Co., New Bedford, Mass. Hubinger Co., Keokuk, Iowa Humphreys-Godwin Co., Memphis, Tenn. Illinois Cereal Mills, Inc., Paris, 111. J. F. Imbs Milling Co., Belleville, 111. Independent Tallow Co., Inc., 39 Cedar St., Woburn, Mass. International Milling Co., Minneapolis, Minn. Ismert Hincke Milling Co., Kansas City, Mo. Jaquith & Co., 305 Main St., Woburn, Mass. Kansas Flour Mills Co., Kansas City, Mo. Kasco Mills, Inc., Waverly, N. Y. Kellogg Co., Battle Creek, Mich. Spencer Kellogg & Sons, Inc., 98 Delaware Ave., Buffalo, N. Y. H. H. King Flour Mills Co., Minneapolis, Minn. King Midas Flour Mills, 500 Flour Exchange, Minneapolis, Minn. Kraft Cheese Co., Ward Milk Products Division, 500 Peshtigo Ct., Chicago, 111. Chas. A. Krause Milling Co., Milwaukee, Wis. Kuiper & Bolle, 508 Produce Exchange, New York, N. Y. Lake of the Woods Milling Co., Ltd., Montreal, Que., Canada John T. Lampman & Co., Claverack, N. Y. I.arabee Flour Mills Co., Kansas City, Mo. Larrowe Milling Company (Trade Name) of General Mills, Inc., Detroit, Mich. Le Roy Alfalfa Corporation, Church St., Le Roy, N. Y. L. B. Lovitt & Co., Memphis, Tenn. A. S. MacDonald Commission Co., 404 Grain & Flour Exchange, Boston, Mass. (Registered for Parrish & Heimbecker, Ltd.) Maine Fish Meal Co., Portland, Maine. Mansfield Coal & Grain Co., Mansfield, Mass. Mansfield Milling Co., 1 Samoset Ave., Mansfield, Mass. Maritime Milling Co., Inc., Buffalo, N. Y. Meadow Brook Farms, Nazareth, Penn. Mellin's Food Company of North America, 41 Central Wharf, Boston, Mass. (Registered for A. H. Brown & Bros., Sole Agents) Merrimack Farmers' Exchange, Inc., Concord, N. H. Middlesex County Farm Bureau Association, 155 Lexington St., Waltham, Mass. Miner-Hillard Milling Co., Wilkes-Barre, Penn. Geo. Q. Moon & Co., Inc., Binghamton. N. Y. Jas. F. Morse & Co., 11 Horace St., Somerville, Mass. Muir & Co.. 408 Produce Exchange, New York, N. Y. National Biscuit Co., Shredded Wheat Bakeries, Niagara Falls, N. Y. National Distilleries Products Corporation, 120 Broadway, New York, N. Y. National Foods, 4101 East Monument St., Baltimore City, Md. National Lead Co., Ill Broadway, New York, N. Y. National Milling Branch of National Biscuit Co., Toledo, Ohio Neumond Co., 309 Merchants Exchange, St. Louis, Mo. New England Dairies, Inc., Charlestown, Mass. New England Grain Co., 390 Commercial St., Portland, Maine New England Rendering Co., Brighton, Mass. New England Retail Grain Dealers Cooperative Association, Inc.. Springfield, Mass. Ogden Grain Co., Utica, N. Y. Ogilvie Flour Mills Co., Ltd., Montreal. Que., Canada Oswego Soy Products Corp., Oswego. N. Y. Pabst Brewing Co., 917 West Juneau Ave.. Milwaukee, Wis. Palm Giain Co., Lowell, Mass. Park & Pollard Co., 356 Hertel Ave., Buffalo. N. Y. George H. Parker Grain Co., 56 Water St., Danvers, Mass. Parrish & Heimbecker, Ltd., Toronto, Ont., Canada (Registered by A. S. MacDonald Commission Co.) Patent Cereals Co., Geneva, N. Y. Perkins Oil Co., Memphis, Tenn. Pillsbury Flour Mills Co., Minneapolis, Minn. Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co., Linseed Oil Division, 2-10 Chester Ave., Newark, N. J. W. N. Potter Grain Stores, Inc., Greenfield, Mass. Pratt Food Co., Inc., 69 Leddy St., Buffalo, N. Y. H. C. Puffer Co., Springfield, Mass. Quaker Oats Co.. 141 West Jackson Blvd., Chicago, 111. Ralston Purina Co., St. Louis, Mo. INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FEEDSTUFFS 25 John Reardon & Sons, Division of Wilson & Co., Inc., Cambridge, Mass. RfccS Val.eJ cftrus' Exchange, Weslaco, Texas. (Registered by Ashcraft-Wilkinson Co.) Rodney Milling Co., Kansas City, Mo. Roy Grain Co., Anawan St., Rehoboth, Mass. H. M. Rubin Co., 9-19 38th Ave.. Long Island City, i\. \ . Russell-Miller Milling Co., Minneapolis, Minn. Rvther & Warren Co., Belchertown, Mass. St Lawrence Flour Mills Co.. Ltd., 2110 Notre Dame St W., Montreal, Que., Canada Saunders Mills, Inc., Box 1482, Central Station Toledo, Ohio Schenley Distilleries, Inc., 350 Fifth Ave., New York, N. \ . Schoeneck Farms, Inc., Nazareth, Penn. Joseph E. Seagram & Sons, Inc., Louisville, Ky. Sears, Roebuck & Co., Chicago, 111. Shellabarger Mill & Elevator Co., Salina, Kan. Sherwin-Williams Co.. 101 Prospect Ave., N. W., Cleveland, Ohio W. J. Small Co., Inc., Neodesha, Kan. Smith- Bodfish-Swift Co., Vineyard Haven, Mass. A. E. Staley Manufacturing Co.. Decatur, 111. Standard Milling Co., 309 West Jackson Blvd., Chicago, 111. Stratton & Co., Concord, N. H. Sunny Slope Farms, Nazareth. Penn. Swift & Co., Union Stock Yards, Chicago, 111. Swift & Company Soybean Mills, Cairo, 111. C. H. Symmes & Co., Winchester, Mass. Taft Bros., Uxbridge, Mass. (Registered by Chas. M. Cox Co.) Tioga Mills, Inc.. Waverly, N. Y. Toledo Soybean Products Co., Toledo, Ohio Jacob Trinley & Sons, Linfield, Penn. Union S«ToVS£SuSbS^ (Distributor for Union Starch & Refining Co.) lS S^SSS^S^^S^SZlmu. Charleston, Mass. Unity Feeds, Inc., 177 Milk St., Boston, Mass. Universal Grain Corporation, 2 Broadway, New \ork, N. \ . Valier & Spies Milling Co., 5020 Shreve Ave.. St. Louis, Mo. Van Iderstine Co., Long Island City, N. Y. Arthur Ventura Grain Co., 7 Purchase St., Taunton, Mass. Victor Flour Mills, Inc., Pittsford, N. Y. Vita-Lac Co.. Middlebury Center, Penn. (Registered by Center Milk Products Co.) O. B. Vunck & Co., Voorheesville, N. Y. Wakefield Sawdust & Shavings Co., 68-74 Water St., Wakefield. Mass. Hiram Walker & Sons, Inc., Foot of Edmund St., Peoria, 111. Wamesit Co., Wamesit (Tewksbury), Mass. . Ward Milk Products Division of Kraft Cheese Co., 500 Peshtigo Ct., Chicago, 111. C. P. Washburn Co., Middleboro, Mass. Wayne County Grangers Feed Corporation, Clyde. -M. * . H. K. Webster Co., Lawrence, Mass. Weste^nC^ndetTng^rPetaTuma, Cal. (Golden Eag.e Milling Co., Distributors) Whitmoyer Laboratories, Inc., Myerstown, Penn. Williams Bros. Co., Kent, Ohio Est. M. G. Williams, Box 603, Taunton, Mass. Wilmington Packing Co., New Boston St., Woburn, Mass. Wilson & Co., Inc., 4100 South Ashland Ave., Chicago, 111. Wirthmore Grain & Coal Co., South Deerfield, Mass. Stanley Wood Grain Co., Taunton, Mass. Worcester Grain & Coal Co., Worcester. Mass. Yantic Grain & Products Co., Norwich, Conn. Publication of this Document Approved by Commission of Administration and Finance 2500-10-42-10449 MASSACHUSETTS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION CONTROL SERIES BULLETIN NO. 114 OCTOBER 1942 Inspection of Commercial Fertilizers and Agricultural Lime Products By Fertilizer Control Service Staff This is the sixty-ninth report of the Massachusetts Fertilizer Control made in accordance with Chapter 94, Sections 250 to 261, inclusive, of Massachusetts General Laws 1920, as amended by Chapter 67, Acts of 1933. Massachusetts State College Amherst, Mass. CONTENTS Pertinent facts relating to Massachusetts fertilizer law Manufacturers and brands ..... Fertilizer tonnage ...... Mixed fertilizers: Deficiency statistics ....... Average variation table ....... Mixtures showing a commercial shortage of $1 or more per ton Mixtures substantially complying with guarantees Chemicals and raw products: Nitrogen compounds ..... Phosphoric acid compounds .... Products supplying nitrogen and phosphoric acid Potash compounds ..... Pulverized animal manures .... Miscellaneous ...... Agricultural lime products: Manufacturers and brands Variations and deficiencies Hydrated or slaked lime Pulverized limestone (fine-ground limestone) Ground limestone (coarse-ground limestone) Gypsum or land plaster .... Page 3 4 5 7 8 10 13 33 36 36 38 40 39 42 42 44 45 46 47 Directory of manufacturers who registered fertilizers for sale in Massachusetts in"l942 ■47 INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS AND AGRICULTURAL LIME PRODUCTS FOR THE SEASON OF 1942 By Fertilizer Control Service Staff: Philip H. Smith, Official Chemist, in Charge James T. Howard, Inspector John W. Kuzmeski, Senior Chemist Comfort L. Whiting, Inspector H. Robert DeRose, Assistant Chemist Louis A. Graves, Inspector Albert F. Spelman, Assistant Chemist Joseph A. Martell, Laboratory Assistant Leo V. Crowley. Junior Chemist Cora B. Grover, Senior Clerk C. Tyson Smith Technical Assistant PERTINENT FACTS RELATING TO MASSACHUSETTS FERTILIZER LAW Commercial Fertilizers Registr?tion is required annually on January 1. Registration fee is $8 for each element: nitrogen, phosphoric acid, pota.-h, mag- nesia. Label must show: Net weight of fertilizer Name, brand or trade mark, and grade Name and address of manufacturer Guaranteed analysis: nitrogen, available phosphoric acid, water soluble potash. A guarantee of total phosphoric acid may be used instead of available phosphoric acid for bone, untreated phosphate rock, tankage, dried and pulverized manures, ground seeds, and wood ashes Tonnage reports are required semi-annually, on January 1 and July 1. Tonnage fee: 6 cents per ton of 2,000 pounds. Lime Products Registration is required annually on January 1. Registration fee: $12 for each brand. Label must show: Net weight of product Name, brand or trade mark, and form of lime Name and address of manufacturer Guaranteed analysis: calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, carbonates of calcium and magnesium, or calcium sulphate (in gypsum or land plaster) Make checks payable to Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station and send correspondence to PHILIP H. SMITH. Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station Amherst, Mass. 4 CONTROL SERIES NO. 114 MANUFACTURERS AND BRANDS Registrations have been perfected in Massachusetts during 1942 by 85 firms, covering 420 brands of mixed fertilizer and unmixed fertilizing materials. The following brands were not found on display by the sampling agent at any point in the state and therefore do not appear in the tables of analyses. Brands of Fertilizer Registered but Not Sampled American Potash & Chemical Corporation Muriate of Potash (0-0-60) Apothecaries Hall Co. Liberty Green-Gro 6-5-3 Liberty High Grade Vegetable Fertilizer 5-10-10 Superphosphate 16% (0-16-0) Archer-Daniels-Midland Co. Archer Brand 44% Protein Soybean Oil Meal (7-0-0) Armour Fertilizer Works Armour's Big Crop Fertilizer 4-16-20 Armour's Big Crop Tobacco Special 7-3-7 Armour's Special Tree Food Mixture 10-8-6 Muriate of Potash 50% (0-0-50) Baugh & Sons Co. Baugh's Advanced Growers Special 5-8-7 Baugh's 20% Superphosphate (0-20-0) Berkshire Chemical Co. Berkshire Fertilizer 4-8-10 Berkshire Cotton Hull Ash (0-0-30) Consolidated Rendering Co. Corenco 5-9-8 Corenco 5-10-10 Davison Chemical Corporation Davco Granulated Fertilizer 6-6-5 Essex County Co-operative Farming Assoc. S-X Brand 7-7-7 Glendale Poultry Farm Biff Peat-Poultry Manure (2-3-1) Glidden Co., Soya Products Division Glidden 4 Hi Brand Protein Soybean Oil Meal (7-0-0) International Minerals & Chemical Corp. International 7-6-6 International 8-16-16, 2% MgO International 10-6-4 Division of Gen- Mechling Bros. Chemicals, eral Chemical Co. Veget-Aid 5-10-5 Old Deerfield Fertilizer Co., Inc. Old Deerfield 4-12-4 Old Deerfield Tree & Turf 10-6-4 Rogers & Hubbard Co. Hubbard's Seeding Fertilizer 3-7-6 William H. Rorer, Inc. Plant Dinner 5-7-5 Ruhm Phosphate <£ Chemical Co. Red Seal Brand Ruhm's Phosphate Rock 32 (0-32-0) Red Seal Brand Ruhm's Phosphate Rock 30 (0-30-0) Standard Wholesale Phosphate & Acid Works. Inc. Standard 4-8-10 Stockdale Fertilizer Co. Ovene (Sheep Manure) (2-1-2) Swift & Companv Fertilizer Works Swift's NeL 3-12-6 Swift's N/eL 5-8-7 Swift's Red Steer 3-12-6 Swift's Special Golf Fertilizer 6-12-4 Swift's Special Golt Fertilizer 12-6-4 Tennessee Corporation Loma 10-6-4 C. P. Washburn Co. Superphosphate 18% (0-18-0) DRAWING OF SAMPLES Between April 1 and June 15, three sampling agents made a thorough canvass of the state: James T. Howard in Hampshire, Hampden, Franklin, and Berkshire Counties; Louis A. Graves in Norfolk, Bristol, Ph mouth, Barnstable, and Dukes Counties; and Comfort L. Whiting in Essex, Middlesex, Suffolk, and Worcester Counties. They visited 147 towns, took 1,460 samples, representing 382 brands, from stock in the possession of 360 agents or owners, and called at 279 places where no samples were drawn because the agency had been discontinued, the stock was all sold out, or sufficient samples had already been taken of the brands found. They sampled 17,589 sacks, representing 7,243 tons of fertilizer. One ton was sampled to every nine and seven-tenths tons sold in the state. FERTILIZERS AND AGRICULTURAL LIME FERTILIZER TONNAGE Tonnage of Mixed and Unmixed Fertilizers Sold in Massachusetts July 1, 1939, to July I, 1940 July 1. 1940, to July 1, 1941 July 1, 1941, to July 1, 1942 Mixed fertilizers ..... Fertilizer chemicals and materials unmixed Pulverized natural manures 43,736 19.673a 1.589 46,212 18,6136 1,414 53,602 15,470c 1,508 Totals ...... 64,998 66.239 70.580 a Does not include 2,305 tons of 47% superphosphate distributed by the A. A. A. b Does not include 9.192 tons of 20% superphosphate distributed by the A.A.A. c Does not include 1,604 tons of 18% superphosphate and 8.394 tons of 20% superphosphate distributed by the A.A.A. The tonnage tables present figures for one year, July 1, 1941, to July 1, 1942, for both mixed fertilizers and unmixed fertilizer materials. In case of the mixed fertilizers, the grade represents the plant food guarantee and is expressed in the order of nitrogen, available phosphoric acid, potash. Tonnage of Mixed Fertilizers Grade Tonnage Brands Grade Tonnasje Brands 5-8-7 14,957 26 5-10-4 164 7-7-7 4,345 15 6-12-8 154 — 4-8-4 4,112 17 4-10-4 153 4-8-10 3,235 15 8-5-8 149 6-3-6 3,147 10 8-16-S 136 5-10-10 3,040 13 4-9-3 135 5-8-10 2,378 9 8-8-8 133 4-8-7 1.649 11 8-6-4 129 4-12-4 1,565 7 10-5-5 121 6-3-7 1,530 — 7-7-5 121 8-16-16 1.426 6 6-8-2 96 5-10-5 1,373 13 4-3-12 90 5-6-4 630 — 6-7-4 80 10-10-10 590 — 8-8-4 80 3-10-6 529 — 8-5-2 72 8-16-14 484 5 7-14-21 65 4-16-20 483 — 6-6-5 37 3-10-4 422 5 3-7-6 29 6-12-12 409 — 7-7-6 27 8-16-20 359 5 12-4-4 26 8-24-8 357 — 5-7-3 23 7-6-6 340 — 7-8-4 23 10-6-4 335 5 10-8-6 20 3-12-6 301 — 5-8-6 17 5-3-5 275 — 8-6-3 17 . 5-5-15 271 10 8-6-6 14 8-6-2 265 . — - i 6-5-3 13 5-15-5 246 — 7-3-7 12 5-12-6 240 — 2-10-2 10 5-5-5 217 — 3-3-3 10 8-4-8 215 — 4-4-2 10 4-12-6 204 — 5-5-10 10 0-20-20 189 — Miscellaneous 46 13 7-5-3 165 Special mixtures Totals 1,097 — 53,602 280 CONTROL SERIES NO. 114 Tonnage of Unmixed Fertilizing Materials Material Tonnage Brands Material Tonnage Brands Superphosphate 20% 3,051 11 Muriate of potash 50% 237 Nitrate of soda 2,892 5 Cottonseed meal 204 — - Bone meal 1,510 20 Fish .... 125 5 Pulverized animal Cotton hull ashes 100 — manures 1,508 23 Peat .... 95 — Miloryanite 1,375 . Tankage 73 — Superphosphate 18% 1,112 — Superphosphate 47% . 67 — Superphosphate 16% 1,013 5 Wood ashes 65 — Cottonseed meal-castor Sulfate of potash 61 5 pomace 906 5 Linseed meal 47 — Muriate of potash 60% 805 10 Process tankage . 26 — Sulfate of ammonia 521 8 Uramon 9 — Castor pomace 511 368 7 Dried blood 6 — Cyanamid Nitrate of soda-potash . 290 Total 16,978 140 FERTILIZERS AND AGRICULTURAL LIME MIXED FERTILIZERS Deficiency Statistics for Mixed Fertilizers Number of Number of Tests or Determinations. 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X X « ■ tcie «3 01 11 ca W3 t ■* — ■* ■^ ^ in PhOh U.U. — — o o G&* o i QG CG 0/ 01 QQ 01 o> QG G o» o QCU s: £;: S ^ ■Z--Z S >> >> >> ^^ zz ■a — — •CO •OT3 ■CO •OT3 T) # ca*i y, ;>; ■zz ->, *ioa cS!c>! ociojj ## an 0 C 0 OO CO OO OO o Z 15 5 O c c ~ - c 0 O CO OO CO OO oc 28 CONTROL SERIES NO. 114 1 O a Vater oluble sh (K ound r»0 TjlOO o>r~ t-» ««(S -t •<* PS t-* oo ts O PO OOi m On 44 P»> «-i no fr- iz) »* PS O PO 00 K5PN OCS PN PN *^W ajfi, O to >*O0 >o cs CO cnw>iO PS o C CO rj r~oo ^p- O "5 pnp~ On 00 oo r-Or~ O *■• o\ N©-H m "Oi r»r~ PO PO 00 t- oooo fr» — OO M 00 » VOP- oo b» vO fr- r- *"' " N-H,-H»-l <£ oo VO^H oo (NT* On tri o OO ro >*lO o> (S s) t-» 00 oo oo PN PO~« ■-< "H o cor* PO PN PS T3 3 o mr> oo lOl/J PO POdPO u-> •* 0 lOl/) oo oooo ■■l"* H r* «H 3 O to V o U1>0 -t 00 00 On >* *< Ifl -CJ" 00 OnCn TfO £ °. 1 1°. »HO0 cm -H !/■>■># oo PJJ On t- ■■* NO OO lOtO PN »H PN IM fr» inu-i 00 00 ej a; N N o> V to to 0 S o c IT LT. 00 00' N 01 "u'o'cj i u i o. & a X X X o o CJ si JO 3 '3 0) E toto 01 3j toto c 1 01 01 — _c J3J0 v. ^ -j- ""* ~* n U — •CT3 0 o O 0 toto to 3 3 3 OOO 3 3 3 01 to 3 S3 3 m 3 JO JO c c to 3 3 5 5 UO '. 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'O t-« r*3 ift ro t^» ©v **5 -- ©v lO ■** HN CO f-r- CO 00 00 ~* -H X1 mm c o o u o o tS a! 01 11 QQ g. a 01 01 a as 4) 11 6 f*5 NO NO oo ob 4-1- oo ob ■4-4 oo obob ob ob mm oo oboo mm 6 m o d NO NO NO NO NO NO obob o o o o HH 01 01 >> T3 TST3 "OT3 •OTJ •OT3 •o-o T3T3 -n -d-a a) ai 0.0, HH f-H c c c c c c c C C a c c n c c w w 0) to a, 0) as as as as as 01 OS al at a) a) « aJ a! a! a) ai ■a -a ■a-o T3T3 fl'D •OT3 m mm POM mm mm mm mm m X mm mm mm a a rt a) x:x> XI XI X2X1 X5X1 I XX IS IS SI SS KK X I SS SS SS x>x> 3 3 XIX) D 3 x:x> 3 3 XI XI 3 3 xi xi 3 3 •a •OT3 U 01 •OTJ 01 01 ■a-a 01 01 T3T3 01 Ol •OT3 01 01 •OT3 41 11 T3 •a ■a -a -o-d •a-c 01 11 OS OS IS IS IX SI SS OS 05 OS oi as os oS OS OS OS OS OS OS OS s; OS OS OS 05 30 CONTROL SERIES NO. 114 £ ^"-^ E -'c/2 « CU K«j< o Ooo 00 00 00 00 00 — '© r- oo oo 0>0 o o r<5 ■* o 00 r~ oo ^t o %o 00 OO mm tO« fi •* 't •*•* oo Cv o u so •^ in r*i -^ ©o 2 L * 00 00 -1> 4> •a-o 00 00 lO 1/5 •O-O e .- a E o u 00 00 IT; l/~. o en J. = E !?| E id .i o ^ O iJ E E E EC E E~ Cn CnCrj -7.7. 7. = 7. ^ ^ ^ fj eo ^ ^ o* © © 00 00 \Oiflifl\0 ON Tf do CN-* «O30 oo oo oooor- CS I/) (N 00 00 00 OO — w — - 00 00 oocc l/>>0 OO 00 oo 00 5m Steer Steer Steer Steer ■*•* •a -a 0) CI 's Red 's Red 's Red \s Red o o 'Sis WW Swift Swift Swift Swift o o bo oo >> © 6 a us EE o o •o-c o o o o c e SE o\t> u o 3S 2 5 7. 2 Ul ■* ■* & 5 00 oo u It) >> >i"* = "3 > as d; o £ * '— 0 r o o EE 0 u .c — .b o >> o oo 00 00 00 IU U 111 o o o E E E 32 CONTROL SERIES NO. 114 "* en e> ^ (NO l»5 O 00 00 O O (S "5 00 CN 00 0ON 00 o 00 00 ID IO t*» t^- t i/> oo r^ t^ vO>0 00 00 vOvO \r>\n r^ r^ o o EE J2.C O o E E uu cr so -ft oooo 44 CO 00 rr «f»! -i T c n v * Oi CN -^ CNi/3© t~ m vO to ir. 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K.y ^ 41 V) £ 4t o 0^ X C. 4> c o ■a o u 3 41 > .* 5 © © r^ vO 01 t^ t^ t^ CN r*) ■* f) >o oo r<5 00 © © ^ r~ *"~ vO r~. t^ CN 00 © rr> •* •* •* lO cs cs m m 00 r^ ^ ■* m (N •* t». C* ■n 3 0 4) Cfl •^ 41 ^^ lO D, I" -3 ro "> !«5 O 00 X 00 X O " " rt CN •-C r n flv in -T « M M to H ^^ H C o ■ o ■ o . T1 ■d T) ■a u 41 41 4> c ■ c ■ 3 • 3 • OJ 01 4J 4> S o O f/1 '/) /) T. . 1) II 41 o a 3 3 3 C c 3 (fl e 03 • al • - ' CS • U 2 S § s ■d ■■j a c C. Q .— 4) • 41 • 41 41 o V .. J3 - * U > :/) /i /. fi 41 _ - - _, - — , 4) £&; nl rt eg c (3 - > iS^ £^ d3^ (9 g ffl •O 013 OT3 OT3 O o o - ; o o o o ^?-i ■a 0> :^ - > °^ N 1- s "^ isl- -c o o o o s z Z 2 2 2"" >: a. — . © © — .5 42 CONTROL SERIES NO. 114 AGRICULTURAL LIME PRODUCTS Manufacturers and Brands During 1942, 18 firms registered for sale in Massachusetts 42 brands of lime products, manufactured and sold for neutralizing acid soils, one brand of gypsum, and one brand of agricultural talc. The products are grouped as follows: Hydrated or slaked lime . . . . .23 Pulverized and ground limestone . . . .18 Lime ashes ........ 1 Total 42 Gypsum ........ 1 Talc 1 The analytical results which appear in this bulletin represent officially drawn samples secured by the same sampling agents who drew the samples of commercial fertilizer wh'ch served for the inspection of that commodity; the samples there- fore came from every section of the state and are, we believe, representative of the lime products sold in Massachusetts as soil amendments. We were not successful in securing samples of the following brands: Brewer & Co., Inc., 45 Arctic Street, Worcester, Mass. Green Mountain Handy Hydrate Lime Kiln Ashes Producto Agricultural Lime Conklin Limestone Co., Inc., Canaan, Conn. High Magnesium Agricultural Ground Limestone L. A. Howard & N. L. Howard, Proctorsville, Vt. Howard Talc Kelley Island Lime & Transport Co., 1122 Leader Building, Cleveland, Ohio Tiger All Purpose Hydrated Lime Solvay Process Co , Syracuse, N. V. Solvay Pulverized Limestone United States Gypsum Co.. 300 West Adams Street, Chicago, 111. USG Red Top Hydrated Lime Variations and Deficiencies Found in the Composition of Lime Products Of the lime products effective in neutralizing soil acidity, about 64 per cent of those analyzed fully met the minimum guarantee; of the 20 ground limestone products, 8 showed deficiencies. Most of the deficiencies were not of a serious nature as the companion ingredient was present in sufficient excess to more than make up the full neutralizing value oi the product as based on the stated guarantee. The same may be said of the hydrated lime products where 6 out of 19 samples showed deficiencies. The tables of analyses show the extent of variations from the guaranteed composition. FERTILIZERS AND AGRICULTURAL LIME 43 Explanation of Tables of Analyses Tables I, II, III, "Neutralizing value expressed in terms of calcium oxide" represents the acid neutralizing value of both the magnesium and the calcium. The figures in the "per cent" column are obtained by a direct titration with standard acid. The "pounds in one ton" are secured by multiplying the figures in the "per cent" column by 20. "Insoluble matter" represents material which is insoluble in dilute hydro- chloric acid to which a few drops of nitric acid have been added, and is mainly sand. Tables II and III, "Carbonates of calcium and magnesium". The figures in this column are exclusive of the small amounts of calcium and magnesium com- bined as basic silicates; these are readily soluble in mineral acid solutions but obviously should not be classed as carbonates. Under "Mechanical analysis" the figures represent in round numbers the per- centage of product that would pass or be retained by the meshed sieves men- tioned. The limestone products have been published in two groups or grades (see tables II and III) according to fineness of grinding and to conform to definitions voted by the Association of Official Agricultural Chemists at their 1936 meeting. 44 CONTROL SERIES NO. 114 re ij-i oc X 00 C~ irjirj oo re 0 te 10 ie ie 10 re© re O lO CN "* Os r^ r^ r^ tNOO t~o\ re re o re CN ^h ~- rN 0 cS 1—1 t> 2 ... .Sb •3g-S w ° ■at-1 O re m _, v- 0 r^ 00 O — i ^1 vO O »om \0"1 © m vO >C c a- o m »«- O »o« 0 00 om >h£ 3 c ■* ■* « ■^ CM Tf re N>0>0 ■* •* Tt O0 ^C rs re Tj> -t S^e £o 'S-a 3 ^ ^ ^ <* $-= 3£3 c CN *o >- ^ oo vC 00© Tt" ■* rs 00 0 ©m (Nl/) O O-H rN c 00 PC 00 oo in to ID 00 OMf> 00 rN ©r~ re re c O rs O •* •* *OlN -*o\ re rs V r~ r^ 00 1^ « 00 O0 00 NC1.M O O t^- r~ cu ■a u ,— ir; •r-l 1 re CN re CN CN re rN EO 3 3 M ■sS 4) ._> c bo -o m m 1/5 1/3 c o o le ui o m O ire O IfllO ©O 01 c 3 O o* •tf m X o CN ^ rs o m 00 O « 0 \o m ~H CN s — < T-i re rs — i — _i -h o- 00 ■* ie ■"^C rt — — b re CN rN CSCN ■o CJ OO C c o o o ooo o 0 OOO oo oo 4) c a OO' c o o o ooo o 0 OOO 0 0 0© •c ©•o O c Om o VCIOU1 o 0 Or-ifl CO ©o '* re 3 O r-- O l/~. r^ o c o *0 r— r^ c °6 E « So- "re T3 i/> ie t^ r^ O") o oo so r~ r^ O re 0 le 10 t^ le © U C 3 O CN re " — C O0 o> vO -* fM t^ vO ie — re ©Ti- 0 0 CN -- r-, 00 CN CN vO !-»' (N -^ 00 VO re 00 re re 00 ^H ~« ^ r-- r^ ■* ^ c r- o ■* Tj< Tf -o r-«"» vC vO " HI re . 3 ~ *->a K . 3 O z.y re f 3 3 re Q re s 1) 1) E • • 3 •a is 41 E 're s ■0 • ■ 1 a C 0 3 3 J 3 c re i O a; 3 3 2; Brewer & Co., Inc.. 45 Arctic St., Worcester Snow Fluff Agricultural Hydrate Sure Crop Agricultural Hydrate > >> i/l^r- CJh-. SI t/3 3 o.sj 4( BO E< 3.2 i/i t re- e ' c u a. > a, E.E reJ Is — •5 . >> o 2 mJ o , 6 = U4,2 i|l - S 5f f3 ^ O tfl-O o c o "S re . E o «?B UJ Si s . cK 04) 22 0 re £•0 O^ if, re (J rQ 3 it a. Si re s • M «C !2 • *C JS O 3 ^3 S"S *2 41 >> fc 3 J? W C O^ ew England Lime Co., Adams, Mass. Nelco Agricultural Hydrated Lime . Nelco Agricultural Hydrated Lime . Nelco Land Lime (Canaan, Conn.) . c — S 0 B ll JO is C 3 • ■S3 °f 3 m •^ ', re 3*^. E re < • • 841 ©■-1 41 ©•a c ce S-= o"2^ 0-^3 EX 3 3_ ^ ^ re re >>3 3 « 3 3 re bo u tE« ■oOO 4H/JC/3 PS < K 3 u Z pS 2 FERTILIZERS AND AGRICULTURAL LIME 45 5ln£ C « E OO CO o c O X t- CS cs r^ t^ o lO OCO Oco CO ■tfoc O ON 00 oc t- X t^ m Oi O 00 fc£ $ — T3 OO o o o o — oo G 1) c '£ Phm lIh to n ^eut lue in T< alciu g oo o to o vC lO "0 O IO IO Ci — c o to CS to f^ O — r^ O o nC ■* ra U ■* ■* ■* >* •* "•. c- to l> 9 •* Tl" > 41 l/)lO lO lO lO ir: to i/; io lO in io B trt V OiiO o o o c c O O o CO 'oT3 e „ G E CS CS o o o 10 -r C C o oo a lOlO o ■* ui 10 00 00 oi IS 3 OiOi on 9 o - o Oi Ci O ON 2 c«j G 3 G So M X.H B T3 \C ON t C- '0 to x o 00 Tf C o CN CS lO lO lO Tf t^ 't IO CO 00 fe O Oi Oi Oi 01 r - Oi c^ ON OiOn CI ■o c ra-a lOlO o o = c o o o o 'x c o •o o — ■* o \°. o O 3 *J o r-i — — e° o CS cs 3 OO 00 •o CS CS o u"> o oo u-. IO 00 O 00 3 t-» 00 00 Tf 00 CO to oo> 00 c — a! 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Du £ 41 U o % « .E , G G OJJ O « 2 5 E3H ►j "3 "3 coo tj u u 4> G G goo j|| •S"2"g OSS a? oo ■goo uo'S el Sil> E >, e EE 3 .JJ "IS — — o.— ra ra n o 3 3 o*x:x: « R 3 3 4>.S O O •axs'cn £u oc oo Cfl << •o OO tA t* 1_ goo |s 4> J E : ^"3 "SI- z as 4> C/J[fl •s ^ 3 46 CONTROL SERIES NO. 114 r. o i) 5 T3 C - ■a e 3 0 u fl| 2 5s ■N 0) co 4i _ m =0 CO 00 o O 00 co 00 c c~.~ CO O ^"<5 CN " S ■a ■a c r- CO — C* O ■* rM ft & v CO C 00 O 00 CN M ffi^H-O © O oo c m O'j — — ' rt ~ "-1 "-"-1 " '« ft?20 ^~ « * C _ Neutr: lue E in Tei alciun t^ „ CO CN CN — O ■* = o >0 CN O CN «-• O a U u o 0\0\ CO ■* »H 00 > V 0* LT. l/l 1/JI/J lO 1/1 lO ul c;. oo OO O CUTS oo oo O *OT3 - c3 £ 1 1 • ■ M C 5 = ~ OC 1 ON ON 1 oo in On On u (j 5 il = 3C o— at •£>_=: 3 "3 O 00 -O — i ~) cs S& § l o c- O 00 t- 3i 00 •* lO 0\ — X On On 00 CM» ON •o o OO o oo O CO *o o oo o oo o O 11 c o do r^ « •>-* d cn CN CN so 'J !* c 4 C o 41 0 41 o 3 o dge, Ma ite ne (com ne ■a < > c. — 3 "2 SO $1 Cfl 3 6 "3 i^S 2 o 1 5 o 3 3 a 3 © U c 3 u 1 4> E "3 u . 41 4) 4> q C 4> o O §EE O 4J 41 ler. West Stock gricultural Doli ulverized Lime: ) ulverized Limes o CO © U E 3 in c o a o 41 E _3 = -3 * k. O 3 01 E 3 C l/l M 3 «J< *-« 3 * a u ao 4> a M 3 41 at E<: 3.2 « E "C 3 Ecufri JUll ard L. Mil onarque A onarque P samples onarque P