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Centerfold. WEATHER BUREAU'S 30-DAY OUTLOOK JANUARY 1968 The Weather Bureau's. 30-day outlook for January is for temperatues to average below seasonal normals over the western three quarters of the Nation except for near normal in the west Gulf Coast Region. Above normal temperatures are anticipated for Atlantic Coast States while near normal temperatures are indicated in unspecified areas. Precipitation is expected to exceed normal over the Great Basin, western portions of the northern Plains, and from the central Plains eastward through the middle Mississippi Valley to the middle and north Atlantic Coast States. Subnormal precipitation is indicated for the Far Northwest, the upper Mississippi Valley, and Florida. Elsewhere near normal totals are in prospect. Weather forecast given here is based on the official 30-day "Resume and Outlook" published twice a month by the Weather Bureau. You can subscribe through the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D.C. 20250. Price $5.00 a year. For Weather of the Week see page 8. SPECIAL INSECTS OF REGIONAL SIGNIFICANCE GREENBUG (Schizaphis graminum) - OKLAHOMA - Ranged 25-50 per linear foot in wheat checked along Canadian River in central and west-central counties and 10-20 per linear foot in small grains in Marshall and Bryan Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). ARKANSAS - Absent to very light on wheat in northwest area. (Boyer, Dec. 22). CORN LEAF APHID (Rhopalosiphum maidis) - OKLAHOMA - Light in small grains in Mayes County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). CORN, SORGHUM, SUGARCANE NAVEL ORANGEWORM (Paramyelois transitella) - CALIFORNIA - Larvae feeding in stalks of harvested corn in dooryard patch of Indian corn at Vista, San Diego County, November 24. This is a new host record. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). SMALL GRAINS ENGLISH GRAIN APHID (Macrosiphum avenae) - ARKANSAS - Absent to very light on wheat in northwest area. (Boyer, Dec. 22). A WHITE GRUB (Phyllophaga sp.) - NEW MEXICO - Larvae damaging wheat plants around Clovis, Curry County. (N.M. Coop. Rpt.). TURF, PASTURES, RANGELAND LESSER CORNSTALK BORER (Elasmopalpus lignosellus) - FLORIDA - Damaging 75 percent of white clover in 200 acres of mixed dairy pasture in Hillsborough County, December 17; some damage to Pangola grass in county. (Strayer). AN APHID (AsSiphonella dactylonii) - CALIFORNIA - Infesting 20 acres of Bermuda grass at Calexico, Imperial County. Collected by R. A. Flock, December 5, 1967. This is a new county record. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). FORAGE LEGUMES PEA APHID (Acyrthosiphon pisum) - OKLAHOMA - Moderate in Bryan County alfalfa. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). ARKANSAS - Decreased, 100 per 100 sweeps, in alfalfa in northwest area past 14 days. (Boyer, Dec. 22). ALFALFA CATERPILLAR (Colias eurytheme) - ARKANSAS - Reproduction decreased or ceased in alfalfa in northwest area; no larvae taken. (Boyer, Dec. 22). COLE CROPS CABBAGE APHID (Brevicoryne brassicae) - ALABAMA - Very heavy, Several hundred per plant, on collards and cabbage in home gardens in central area. (McQueen). GENERAL VEGETABLES PEA LEAF MINER (Liriomyza bryoniae) - CALIFORNIA - Heavy in leaves of green onions at San Ysidro, San Diego County. (Calas iCoop. Rpt) DECIDUOUS FRUITS AND NUTS SAN JOSE SCALE (Aspidiotus perniciosus) - FLORIDA - All stages severe on 240 of 300 pear nursery plants at Macclenny, Baker County, December 18. (Collins). CITRUS GREEN SCALE (Coccus viridis) - FLORIDA - All stages severe on all 40 grapefruit plants inspected at location in Rockledge, Brevard County, December 21. (Levan, Holley). ORNAMENTALS TEA SCALE (Fiorinia theae) - FLORIDA - All stages moderate to severe on leaves of all 175 camellia plants at nursery in Titusville, Brevard County, December 22 (Levan); moderate on leaves of 100 of 1,000 camellia plants at department store in Mt. Dora, Lake County, December 21 (Simpson). All stages severely damaged leaves of Burford holly inspected at nurseries in Inverness, Citrus County, December 20 (Williams), and Daytona Beach, Volusia County, December 19 (Holley, Pott). ARMORED SCALES - CALIFORNIA - Aonidiella aurantii heavy on euonymus and privet at Gridley, Butte County. Hemiberlesia rapax heavy on dracaena nursery stock at Coronado, San Diego County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). FLORIDA - All stages of Odonaspis penicillata moderate on stems of all 19 bamboo plants inspected at nursery in Rockledge, Brevard County, December 21. (Levan, Holley). MEALYBUGS - FLORIDA - Ferrisia virgata adults on stems and leaves of 200 coconut, Cocos nucifera, nursery plants inspected at Hypoluxo, Palm Beach County, December 18. This is a new host record. (Wyles, Long). Controls required. (Fla. Coop. Sur.). CALIFORNIA - Pseudococcus adonidum heavy on euonymus nursery stock at Yucaipa, San Bernardino County. (Ca COOp a Rpt» i FLOWER THRIPS (Frankliniella tritici) - ALABAMA - Ranged 5-25 on each rose and many camellia blossoms in central and southern areas; some damage. (McQueen). AN ANT (Camponotus pylartes fraxinicola) - FLORIDA - All stages light on stems of 2 bulihorn acacia, Acacia cornigera, inspected at nursery in Hypoluxo, Palm Beach County, December 1, 1967. (Wyles). This is a new Florida Department of Plant Industry State record. Det. by D. R. Smith. (Fla. Coop. Sur.). FOREST AND SHADE TREES PINE BARK APHID (Pineus strobi) - MARYLAND - Moderate on large windbreak planting of white pine at Lanham, Prince Georges County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). ARMORED SCALES - MARYLAND - Lepidosaphes ulmi heavy on several red maples on property at Lanham, Prince Georges County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). CALIFORNIA - Parlatoria oleae heavy on elm in parking strip at Fresno, Fresno County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). MAN AND ANIMALS SCREW-WORM (Cochliomyia hominivorax) - No cases reported in U.S. December 23-30, 1967. Total of 141 cases reported in portion of Barrier Zone in Republic of Mexico as follows: Baja California 1, Territorio sur de Baja California 54, Sonora 7, Chihuahua 16, Coahuila 36, Nuevo Leon 4, Tamaulipas 23. Total of 41 cases reported in Mexico south of Barrier Zone. Barrier Zone is area where eradication operations underway to prevent establishment of self-sustaining population in U.S. Sterile screw-worm flies released: Texas 23,728,000, Arizona 1,920,000, Mexico 62,940,000. (Anim. Health Div.). COMMON CATTLE GRUB (Hypoderma lineatum) - OKLAHOMA - Ranged 10-15 per head on untreated cattle in Marshall County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). HOG LOUSE (Haematopinus suis) - OKLAHOMA - Heavy on untreated hogs in Marshall County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). A COMB-FOOTED SPIDER (Latrodectus variolus) - INDIANA - Female collected in Brown County August 18, 1967. Det. by J. J. Favinger, confirmed by T. A. Parker. This is a new county record. Other records for State are Clark, Crawford, and Martin Counties. (Huber). HOUSEHOLDS AND STRUCTURES INDIAN-MEAL MOTH (Plodia interpunctella) - OKLAHOMA - Active in some Payne County homes. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). CIGARETTE BEETLE (Lasioderma serricorne) - ALABAMA - Adults annoying in 4 homes in Lee County. (Glasscock et al.). STORED PRODUCTS DERMESTID BEETLES (Trogoderma spp.) - CALIFORNIA - T. parabile and T. simplex heavy in trogotraps in feed store at Loomis, Placer County; T. parabile heavy in trogotraps in grain warehouse at Gridley, Butte County, and heavy in dog biscuits in pet shop at Yucca Valley, San Bernardino County. (Cal aCoops Rpt! RED FLOUR BEETLE (Tribolium castaneum) - IOWA - Heavy in shelled corn on Polk County farm. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). INDIAN-MEAL MOTH (Plodia interpunctella) - IOWA - Present on top of bin of shelled corn in Polk County; high population indicated. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). MISCELLANEOUS WILD PLANTS AN ERIOCOCCID SCALE (Ovaticoccus agavium) - CALIFORNIA - Heavy on agave at Yucca Valley, San Bernardino County. (CALTRNCCOpe ER Dien re MEXICAN MEALYBUG (Phenacoccus gossypii) - CALIFORNIA - Heavy on native turkey- mullein, Eremocarpus sSetigerus, along Coyote Creek near Fullerton, Orange County. (Calle CoopEmRDtDE BENEFICIAL INSECTS A HUMPBACKED FLY (Apocephalus antennatus) - FLORIDA - Reared from immature stage of lampyrid beetles, Photuris spp., at Gainesville, Alachua County; emerged May 1967. Det. by W. W. Wirth. This is a new State record. (Lloyd). FEDERAL AND STATE PLANT PROTECTION PROGRAMS BOLL WEEVIL (Anthonomus grandis) - TEXAS - Treatment of 501,000 aggregate acres ended November 7 in South Plains area. (PPC South Reg.). GYPSY MOTH (Porthetria dispar) - PENNSYLVANIA - Total of 375 males collected from 256 sites through November; egg masses found at 29 sites. NEW JERSEY - Egg masses found at 28 sites. (PPC East. Reg.). IMPORTED FIRE ANT (Solenopsis saevissima richteri) - ALABAMA - Most mounds 6-14 inches above ground line filled with thouSands of ants in central area. Numer- ous winged adults in central and southern areas; few in flight. (McQueen). Extensions in Blount, Calhoun, Cullman, Franklin, Morgan, St. Clair, and Walker Counties during survey in 19 northern area counties; 2,937 acres treated in 14 counties in November. FLORIDA - Extensions in Hernando, Lake, Sumter, and Suwannee Counties; mounds found in nontreated area of Orange County. All mounds treated in Brevard, Highlands, Orange, and Madison Counties. SOUTH CAROLINA - Aerial treatment completed in Beaufort, Hampton, and Jasper Counties in November. TEXAS - Found for first time in Guadalupe County; mound treatments applied in Comal and Guadalupe Counties. (PPC South. Reg.). MEXICAN FRUIT FLY (Anastrepha ludens) - CALIFORNIA - Total of 80 marked sterile flies taken in McPhail traps near Tecate. (PPC West. Reg., Nov. Rpt.). PINK BOLLWORM (Pectinophora gossypiella) - CALIFORNIA - Total of 6 larvae taken in 2 fields during intensive field survey of 417,775 green bolls from 11,043 acres in 1,591 fields of Kern County. Total of 4,574 bushels of gin trash inspected from 26 gins and 2,490 lint cleaner inspections during 520 gin visits in southern district; no positive recoveries. Infestations per acre in control evaluation plots averaged 48 percent in Coachella Valley and 17 percent in Palo Verde Valley; 44 live larvae found in 17 of 100 bolis. (PPC West. Reg., Nov. Rpt.). ARKANSAS - Infestations found in 20 counties during 1967. LOUISIANA - Abundant in northwestern section and very light in southwestern section; collected in 17 parishes in 1967. Total of 15,000 acres of stalks destroyed. TEXAS - Heavier in fields and lint cleaners in Waco and Lubbock districts than at this time in 1966; green boll infestations heavy in southern area where stalk destruction prevented by wet fields. Stalk destruction progressing well in southern area and in Houston district. (PPC South. Reg., Nov. Rpt.). SWEETPOTATO WEEVIL (Cylas formicarius elegantulus) - GEORGIA - New properties found infested in Appling, Bacon, Brooks, Colquitt, Decatur, Grady, Lowndes, and Ware Counties. MISSISSIPPI - Extensions in Copiah, Covington, Jefferson Davis, Jones, Lawrence, and Wayne Counties... TEXAS - Heavier in Panola, Rusk, and Shelby Counties than in 1966. (PPC South. Reg., Nov. Rpt.). COUNTIES ENTIRELY COLOF COUNTIES PARTIALLY COLO GE). ceweraccy inres GER) surrressive are (ERE) STATE REGULATIO RESTRICTIONS ARE IMPOSED O FROM A REGULATED AREA AS 1. RED INTO OR| 2.GREEN INTO 3.GREEN INTO 4. WITHIN GRE §.BLUE INTO 4 | IF IT 1S DETERMINED By THE oo IF REQUIRED BY STATE REG! | REVISED NOV. 15, 1967. OF REGULATED ARTICLES. PINK BOLLWORM QUARANTINE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURAL RESEARGH SERVICE PLANT PEST CONTROL DIVISION COOPERATING WITH AFFECTED STATES COUNTIES ENTIRELY COLORED ARE COMPLETELY REGULATED, COUNTIES PARTIALLY COLORED ARE PARTIALLY REGULATED. MMM GENERALLY INFESTED AREA - STATE AND FEDERAL REGULATIONS. [EQ]. «Cs SurPRESSIVE AREA - STATE. AND FEDERAL REGULATIONS. (GRMN) STATE REGULATIONS ONLY - SUPPRESSIVE AREA. RESTRICTIONS ARE IMPOSED ON MOVEMENT OF REGULATED ARTICLES FROM A REGULATED AREA AS FOLLOWS: 1. RED INTO OR THROUGH GREEN, BLUE OR WHITE. CONSULT YOUR STATE OR FEDERAL PLANT PEST CONTROL INSPECTOR OR YOUR COUNTY AGENT FOR ASSISTANGE REGARDING EXACT AREAS UNDER REGULATION AND REQUIREMENTS FOR MOVING REGULATED ARTICLES. 2.GREEN INTO OR THROUGH BLUE OR WHITE. 3.GREEN INTO GREEN. 4. WITHIN GREEN.° 6. BLUE INTO ANY OTHER AREA. e FLORIDA IF IT |S DETERMINED BY THE INSPECTOR THAT A HAZARD OF SPREAD EXISTS. | ne IF REQUIRED BY STATE REGULATIONS OR BY AN AUTHORIZED INSPECTOR. 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Nymphs averaged 0.2 per leaf stem in 5 acres of taro at Waihee, Maui. (Miyahira, Funasaki). IMPORTED CABBAGEWORM (Pieris rapae) eggs and larvae moderate on cabbage and cauliflower in Pulehu, Maui; adults very heavy, up to 75 in 0.5 acre of cabbage. (Miyahira). DIAMONDBACK MOTH (Plutella xylostella) larvae and damage moderate on cauliflower in Pulehu, Maui, at 1,400-foot elevation. All stages heavy with severe damage to Chinese cabbage planting in Kalaheo, Kauai; larvae and adults trace in daikon plantings at Koko Head, Oahu. (Miyahira et al.). BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) larvae trace on green onions at Waianae, Waimanalo, and Kahuku on Oahu; light in some fields at Koko Head. (Funasaki). LEAF MINER FLIES (Liriomyza spp.) moderate on snap beans in Waimanalo; light on yard-long beans and snap beans in Waianae; trace on green onions at Koko Head and Waianae. (Funasaki). Fruits - COTTONY-CUSHION SCALE (Icerya purchasi) very light (mostly nymphs) on guava foliage at Waimanalo. (Hale). Ornamentals, Forest,and Shade Trees - Nymphs and adults of a PLATASPID BUG (Coptosoma xanthogramma) heavy On mauna-loa vines in Waimanalo and Kahaluu, Oahu; light to moderate on wiliwili trees in Kaneohe and in Tantalus area of Honolulu. (Hale, Yoshioka). COTTONY-CUSHION SCALE nymphs and adults light to moderate on beach naupaka (Scaevola sericea), Gaillardia pulchella, and ironwood seedlings at Waimanalo; beach naupaka and G. pulchella new host records. (Hale). ACACIA PSYLLID (Psylla uncatoides) nymphs and adults light, 5 per 50 sweeps, on koa trees in Waimanalo, Kaneohe, and the Nuuanu and Kalihi areas on Oahu. (Funasaki). Man and Animals - Adults of a SARCOPHAGID FLY (Tricharaea occidua) annoying humans in beach park areas and on patios at Lanikai, Oahu. Reported for first time in State in 1961 as Sarcophagula occidua. (Morrill). INSECT DETECTION New State Records AN ANT (Camponotus pylartes fraxinicola) - FLORIDA - Collected from bullhorn acacia at nursery at Hypoluxo, Palm Beach County, December 1, 1967. Det. by Do Jo Sublishig (5 4). A HUMPBACKED FLY (Apocephalus antennatus) - FLORIDA - Reared from. immature stage of lampyrid beetles at Gainesville, Alachua County, in May 1967. Det. By W. W. Walrerielovs! (GB) 5 New County Records AN APHID (Asiphonella dactylonii) - CALIFORNIA - Imperial County. (p. 3). A COMB-FOOTED SPIDER (Latrodectus variolus) - INDIANA - Brown County. (p. 5). IMPORTED FIRE ANT (Solenopsis saevissima richteri) - TEXAS - Guadalupe County. (> @)). LIGHT TRAP COLLECTIONS FLORIDA - Gainesville - 12/27, BL - Armyworm (Pseudaletia unipuncta) 2, black cut- worm (Agrotis ipsilon) 1, granulate cutworm (Feltia Subterranea) 4; Sanford - 12/19-23, BL - Black cutworm 5, cabbage looper (Trichoplusia ni) 23, fall armyworm virescens) 1, yellow-striped armyworm (Prodenia ornithogalli) 9. SOUTH CAROLINA - 12/18-24, BL, 29-85°F, no precip. - Armyworm 5, black cutworm 9, granulate cutworm 20, yellow-striped armyworm 5. TEXAS - Brownsville - 12/9-15, BL, 35-80°F, trace precip. - Black cutworm 5, fall armyworm 1, granulate cutworm 4, variegated cutworm (Peridroma saucia) 1. WEATHER OF THE WEEK ENDING JANUARY 1 HIGHLIGHTS: The worst cold wave of the season spread over the central and eastern United States. Heavy snow fell from Ohio to North Carolina and northeastward to Maine. PRECIPITATION: Generous precipitation, mostly at midweek and over the weekend, fell from Louisiana to the Florida Panhandle and northeastward to New England. Snow fell from northern Mississippi (4 inches north of Tupelo) to the Appalachians and northeastward to Maine. The heaviest snow fell in West Virginia where 24-hour falls ranged up to 18 inches. Pennsylvania, New York, and New England also received amounts approaching or exceeding 12 inches. South and east of the snow area, the precipitation included a mixture of sleet and freezing rain. Thunder- storms occurred in parts of West Virginia on Thursday and gale-force winds accompanied the rain along the middle Atlantic coast. The northern and central Rocky Mountains received moderate to heavy snow later in the week with lighter falls eastward across the Plains to the Great Lakes. The weekend brought rain and fog to the Pacific Northwest. California, Nevada, and Arizona received little or no precipitation during the week. TEMPERATURE: Rapid warming, which began in the Far West on Friday, December 22, 1967, continued bringing unseasonably mild temperatures. Northern California, central and eastern Oregon, and southern Washington averaged 5° to more than 10° above normal. In contrast, the area east of the line from Great Falls, Montana, to Phoenix, Arizona, averaged colder than normal as the worst cold wave of the winter advanced across the Plains to the Atlantic and gulf coasts. Temperatures tumbled to 31° at Mobile, Alabama, on three consecutive morings, Thursday, Friday, and Saturday. Temperatures at some locations in North Dakota and Minnesota plummeted to more than 40° below zero on Sunday morning, December 31. By New Year's Day, the subzero cold had pushed as far south as the Ohio River. Louisville, Kentucky, registered 2° below zero on January 1, 1968. Most of the area from Montana to the Great Lakes and southward to the Rio Grande and the Gulf of Mexico averaged 6° below normal. Parts of the northern Great Plains averaged 12° to more than 20° below normal. (Summary supplied by Environmental Data Service, ESSA.). Weather continued from page 2. Alabama Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Delaware Florida Hawaii Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Maryland Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Nebraska Nevada New Mexico North Carolina COOPERATIVE SURVEY ENTOMOLOGISTS Mr. H. Frank McQueen, Cooperative Extension Service, Auburn University, Auburn 36830 Mr. Judson May, State Capitol Annex, P. O. Box 6189, Phoenix 85005 Mr. W. P. Boyer, Department of Entomology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701 Mr. Ronald M. Hawthorne, California Department of Agriculture, 1220 N Street, Sacramento 95814 Mr. Leonard E. Jenkins, Department of Entomology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins 80521 Modified Agreement Mr. Frank W. Mead, Division of Plant Industry, Florida Department of Agriculture, P. 0. Box 1269, Gainesville 32601 Mr. George Funasaki, Hawaii State Department of Agriculture, P. O. Box 5425, Honolulu 96814 Vacancy Mr. Roger T. Huber, Department of Entomology, Purdue Univer- sity, Lafayette 47907 Mr. Gale B. Mast, Department of Zoology and Entomology, Iowa State University, Ames 50010 Mr. John H. Simpson, Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66502 Dr. Wallace C. Harding, Jr., Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, College Park 20742 Dr. Ray L. Janes, Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48823 Mr. Robert Flaskerd, Division of Plant Industry, Minnesota Department of Agriculture, 670 State Office Building, St. Paul 55101 Modified Agreement Dr. Ralph E. Munson, Department of Entomology, 1-87 Agricul- ture Building, University of Missouri, Columbia 65201 Mr. David L. Keith, Extension-Survey Entomologist, Plant Industry 201A, East Campus, University of Nebraska, Lincoln 68503 Mr. Robert C. Bechtel, Nevada Department of Agriculture, P. O. Box 1209, Reno 89504 Modified Agreement Vacancy North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Rhode Island South Dakota Texas Virginia Wisconsin = 10 = Mr. William J. Brandvik, Assistant State Entomologist, Office of State Entomologist, State University Station, Fargo 58102 Mr. Robert I. Rose, Zoology-Entomology Department, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster 44691 Mr. J. M. Lamdin, Department of Entomology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater 74074 Modified Agreement Dr. P. A. Jones, Entomology-Zoology Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings 57006 Mr. Lambert R. Green, Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station 77843 Mr. Oscar W. Isakson, Department of Entomology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute, Blacksburg 24061 Mr. Marlin S. Conrad, WDA-Plant Industry Division, Hill Farms State Office Building, Room 202B, Madison 53702 Revised January 5, 1968 at ‘e weews- , on : Aa ch ee i A / f a x i j 4 ; os 7 7 ; & : ; : ‘ in ; (us Hue a mS 7 ' » ; A i : i a i ~ . i vey A i Ride! cK ha Tie DUT | 4s i } Ady a Sonn un i i ' I YW che 4 “Aya vage y i \ \ i , u ¥ \ a i i 1 i i teat i vay als ‘ f 1 Tian Be Oe ( 0] : Th ee) nny " : } Re me i 1 ; i f n i ox i Wigal L12CM 1GA OO01 IBRARY ee Y DEPT ENTOM ~ DC 20560 oS 1 IL E M Se | | r (@ ©) @ @ . \ ~WOL. 18 No. 2 | January 12, 1968 if 5B ™ p LG aS : Cir Car Goo perative ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT Issued by PLANT PEST CONTROL DIVISION AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE PLANT PEST CONTROL DIVISION SURVEY AND DETECTION OPERATIONS The Cooperative Economic Insect Report is issued weekly as a service to American Agriculture. Its contents are compiled from information supplied by cooperating State, Federal, and industrial entomologists and other agricultural workers. In releasing this material the Division serves as a clearing house and doesnot assume responsibility for ac- curacy of the material. All reports and inquiries pertaining to this release, including the mailing list, should be sent to: Survey and Detection Operations Plant Pest Control Division Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agricuiture Federal Center Building Hyattsville, Maryland 20782 Volume 18 January 12, 1968 Number 2 COOPERATIVE ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT HIGHLIGHTS Current Conditions GREENBUG widespread and damaging wheat in Wilson County, Texas; present on wheat in Curry County, New Mexico. (p. 13). CITRUS WHITEFLY heavy on gardenias in central and southern Alabama(p. 15); found in new area of San Diego County, California (p. 16). PRIVET MITE heavy on azaleas in Lee County, Alabama. (p. 15). CATTLE LICE heavy on cattle in Oktibbeha County, Mississippi, and in 5 northern counties of New Mexico. (p. 15). Detection A CHLOROPID FLY reported for first time in Hawaii. This fly not known to occur in continental United States. (p. 17). Other new State records include an APHID in New Mexico (p. 14) and an ICHNEUMON WASP in West Virginia (p. 16). For new county and island records see page 16. Special Report Relative Abundance of Bollworm and Tobacco Budworm in Cotton, Soybeans, Tomatoes, and Grain Sorghum in Arkansas, 1949 - 1952 and 1962 - 1967. (p. 18). Reports in this issue are for week ending January 5 unless otherwise indicated. oats = iow CONTENTS Specials Ensecits) of sReedionaly Si onattacanGer ny screneienciesiechonorcienencne Soi6c0000000 CogdnDGS 13 Insects Affecting STIL CHAM oo oboouobodaoddcd0s oo oo} Deciduous Fruits and Nuts........... 14 Turt Pastures, Rangeland)... .. <6 + 13 CaiGrulStaerenenteretnence sitehishaitalishokenomenen ces coco 0 oll! Forage Legumes........ Si opasneecoretene 13 Smayels ban Wkots eer pemenemey ewes Sisco eeereate owe Supacbeecshyeaesterucnevetetseeieret mel eienon ace 14 Ornamentals ee i. RUS oes eee 15 Collen Crops seer. SdoaobooD oo UIDOODS OOO 14 Manviand Anamals . iii ei © cieeere ocoouo sls General Vegetables............ 510 6 odlts BeneteicnadeainSe CES re arceker on onenene DoD nDDOGKOD0DOOOD000 00 0 Goocdndo0000 Go0G0D008 16 Federal and State Plant Protection Programs......... Sooo bn oD OO cougooco0dbG0000 DLS UMSOGW MSGS WLOM6 660006 SUoCDDOODnDDOOR s000000000 Sa00d0600000000 od00000G000 poo dl@ Corrections.. cooobdoDDO DOOD DUDOO 600000 o00000000 po0000000000000 d0c00000G00000 oo old lipo ttreklo) Crolikee talons 5 5ooo0noodcoocoOOUd6 eotationelenetenet sn cen snone HOD ado OVO00DO00 00000006 17 Hawaii Insect Report........ Condo DOO Dood OD DOOD OOD OOOO OOOO ODDO OO OG dGooobo 00000 Soll? Relative Abundance of Bollworm and Tobacco Budworm in Cotton, Soybeans, Tomatoes, and Grain Sorghum in Arkansas, ALES) TRY Elavel IKI Oo INN oa cocoaddooo oo ooo dbun doo OUD OU Sbo00000DGDUDDD DO OOOOR 18 WEATHER OF THE WEEK ENDING JANUARY 8 HIGHLIGHTS: Bitter cold weather gripped most of the Nation. Snow fell over much of the North, sleet and freezing rain south of the snow belt, and generous showers over parts of the Deep South. PRECIPITATION: No important precipitation fell over California, nearby parts of Nevada and Arizona, and the Florida Peninsula. Elsewhere precipitation was mostly light to moderate. Snow fell in the Northern and Central States with local winds causing considerable drifting. Along the southern edge of the snow belt, mixtures of sleet and freezing rain slicked the highways and made travel difficult and dangerous. Moderate to heavy showers fell over the Deep South with weekly totals from northeastern Texas to the southern Appalachians exceeding 2 inches. TEMPERATURE: The bitter cold intensified during the week. By the weekend spots in the northern Great Plains had plunged to more than 40° below zero. By Sunday, the zero line had advanced as far south as the southern boundaries of Kansas and Missouri, and subfreezing temperatures occurred along the gulf coast. Lake Charles, Louisiana, registered 28° Sunday morning. The northern third of Minn- esota remained below zero the entire week. International Falls, Minnesota, has been continuously below zero since Saturday morning, December 30. Strong winds made the biting cold seem about 20° colder than the actual thermometer readings. Most of the Nation from the northern and central Rocky Mountains eastward to the Atlantic coast averaged 10° to 27° below normal. The Florida Peninsula averaged a few degrees above normal. Only the Florida Peninsula and the gulf coast warmed during the week. (Summary supplied by Environmental Data Service, ESSA,) SPECIAL INSECTS OF REGIONAL SIGNIFICANCE BEET LEAFHOPPER (Circulifer tenellus) - CALIFORNIA - Adult movement slow into overwintering area weSt Of LoS Banos, Merced County, due to weather conditions. Economic numbers on southern exposures absent due to late plant growth. Minimum economic counts present from Coalinga south through Pyramid Hills, Fresno County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). GREENBUG (Schizaphis graminum) - NEW MEXICO - Averaged 10-100+ per linear foot in Curry County wheat. (Nielsen, Mathews). TEXAS - Active in panhandle area although activity throughout State decreased due to colder weather December 22. Current activity and numbers decreased due to cold weather in panhandle area (Daniels); moderate to heavy and widespread with some damage to young wheat near Floresville, Wilson County; some controls applied (Bippert). OKLAHOMA - Decreasing due to cold weather. Ranged 35-50 per linear foot on Johnston County wheat; moderate in Cotton and Bryan County wheat. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). ARKANSAS - Survey negative in northwest area. (Boyer). SPOTTED ALFALFA APHID (Therioaphis maculata) - ARIZONA - Light numbers appearing in Maricopa County alfalfa. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). MISSISSIPPI - Adults very light, 2-3 per square foot, in Oktibbeha County alfalfa. (Dinkins, Dec. 29). SMALL GRAINS ENGLISH GRAIN APHID (Macrosiphum avenae) - MISSISSIPPI - Adults and nymphs light on 12-inch winter wheat in east-central area. (Dinkins). ARKANSAS - Survey negative in northwest area. (Boyer). WINTER GRAIN MITE (Penthaleus major) - TEXAS - Damaging small grains in north- central area and near Breckenridge, Stevens County, 2 weeks ago; some controls applied. (Turney). TURF, PASTURES, RANGELAND CRAZY ANT (Paratrechina longicornis) - CALIFORNIA - This species and Antonina graminis continue moderate in Kikuyu grass in parkway lawn strips in San Diego, San Diego County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). ARGENTINE ANT (Iridomyrmex humilis) - CALIFORNIA - Adults heavy in Kikuyu grass and Bermuda grass lawn Strips in San Diego, San Diego County; Paratrechina longicornis in area. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.) FORAGE LEGUMES PEA APHID (Acyrthosiphon pisum) - MISSISSIPPI - Adults and nymphs moderate, 20-30 per square foot, in Oktibbeha County alfalfa December 29. Adults and nymphs currently light on12-inch winter wheat in east-central area. (Dinkins). ARKANSAS - Ranged zero to very light in alfalfa in northwest area. (Boyer). OKLAHOMA - Moderate in Bryan County alfalfa. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). NEW MEXICO - Very light on Dona Ana County alfalfa. (Campbell). ARIZONA - Ranged 120-180 per 100 sweeps in Yuma County December 29. Very light in Yuma and Maricopa County alfalfa January 5. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). THREE-CORNERED ALFALFA HOPPER (Spissistilus festinus) - ARIZONA - Counts per 100 sweeps in alfalfa by county December 29: Yuma 60-100, Maricopa 40. Counts per 100 sweeps in alfalfa by county January 5: Maricopa 30, Yuma 40-180. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). os 4b = ALFALFA CATERPILLAR (Colias eurytheme) - ARIZONA - Ranged 0-20 per 100 sweeps in alfalfa at Yuma, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). LYGUS BUGS (Lygus spp.) - ARIZONA - Adults averaged 60 per 100 sweeps in Maricopa County and mostly small nymphs ranged 25-36 per 100 sweeps in Yuma County alfalfa December 29. Ranged 40-80 per 100 sweeps in alfalfa in Yuma area, Yuma County, January 5. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - MISSISSIPPI - Larvae very’light, one per square foot, in Oktibbeha County alfalfa December 29. Adults averaged one per square foot on Oktibbeha County alfalfa January 5; no larvae taken. (Dinkins). ARKANSAS - Survey negative in northwest area. (Boyer). SUGARBEETS SAY STINK BUG (Pitedia sayi) - ARIZONA - Adults light and active in most fields in Maricopa County December 29. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). COLE CROPS A DARKLING BEETLE (Ulus elongatulus) - TEXAS - This species and probably Epitrix spp. infesting cabbage in San Patricio County; seedling cabbage field near St. Paul destroyed and damage heavy to seedlings in another field December 29. (Deer), GENERAL VEGETABLES CABBAGE LOOPER (Trichoplusia ni) - ARIZONA - Young larvae of this species and Frankliniella spp. on lettuce at Yuma, Yuma County; controls required. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). DECIDUOUS FRUITS AND NUTS AN APHID (Monelliopsis tuberculata Richards) - NEW MEXICO - Collected on foliage of black walnut at Ojo Caliente, Taos County, June 22, 1967, by D. C. Heninger. Det. by A. G. Robinson. This is a new State record. (N.M. Coop. Rpt.). This species was described from Mexico in 1966. As far as can be determined, this is the first published record of M. tuberculata in the United States although there are unpublished records from Utah. (PPC). CITRUS CALIFORNIA RED SCALE (Aonidiella aurantii) - ARIZONA - First spray treatment of 3 infestations in Arcadia district of Phoenix, Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). CITRUS RED MITE (Panonychus citri) - ARIZONA - Grove treated to prevent fruit blemish at Yuma, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). SMALL FRUITS A NOCTUID MOTH (Zale lunata salicis) - CALIFORNIA - Larvae heavy on berry bushes in Klamath, Del Norte County; more prevalent than usual in 1967. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). ORNAMENTALS CITRUS WHITEFLY (Dialeurodes citri) - ALABAMA - Nymphs very heavy on underside of gardenia plants in central and southern areas; 100-200 per leaf on older plants at commercial building in Opelika. Adults ranged 10-50 per leaf on gardenias at newly landscaped homes in Auburn, Lee County. (McQueen). A LEAF ROLLER MOTH (Platynota stultana) - CALIFORNIA - Larvae moderate on rose nursery stock growing grounds in San Bruno, San Mateo County; heavier than usual in 1967. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). A JAPANESE WEEVIL (Pseudocneorhinus bifasciatus) - MARYLAND - Adults collected on ornamentals and honeysuckle by E. S. Hemming at Easton, Talbot County, August 1967. Det. by C. W. McComb. This is a new county record. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). PRIVET MITE (Brevipalpus obovatus) - ALABAMA - Eggs and adults heavy, several hundred per leaf, on several thousand older azalea plants in Opelika, Lee County; infestation 50+ percent. Fewer plants infested in numerous older plantings in Auburn, Lee County; leaf drop 10-25 percent. (McQueen). TWO-SPOTTED SPIDER MITE (Tetranychus urticae) - ALABAMA - Light to moderate on underside of leaves of numerous azalea plants in Lee County. (McQueen). MAN AND ANIMALS MOSQUITOES - LOUISIANA - Larvae collected in Jefferson Parish December 16-22: Aedes vexans, Culex salinarius, Culiseta inornata, and A. mitchellae. Culex Salinarius, Culiseta inornata, A. vexans, Anopheles atropos, and A. quadrimaculatus taken in light traps; collections decreasing due to cold weather and intense winds. (Stokes). SCREW-WORM (Cochliomyia hominivorax) - No cases reported in U.S. January 1-6, 1968. Total of 90 cases reported in portion of Barrier Zone in Republic of Mexico as follows: Territorio sur de Baja California 76, Sonora 2, Chihuahua 1, Coahuila 9, Tamaulipas 2. Total of 11 cases reported in Mexico south of Barrier Zone. Barrier Zone iS area where eradication operations underway to prevent establish- ment of self-sustaining population in U.S. Sterile screw-worm flies released: Texas 48,844,000, Mexico 32,322,000. (Anim. Health Div.). COMMON CATTLE GRUB (Hypoderma lineatum) - NEW MEXICO - Ranged 5-45 per head on untreated herds in State. (Durkin). OKLAHOMA - Counts of less than one per head on treated cattle and 10-15 per head on untreated cattle in Oklahoma City packing plant; 25 per head on untreated cattle in Johnston Couhty. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). CATTLE LICE —- MISSISSIPPI - Heavy on 35 cattle inOktibbeha County dairy herd. (Dinkins, Dec. 29). NEW MEXICO - Haematopinus eurysternus spotted to heavy on cattle from Rio Arriba, Harding, Quay, Colfax, and Union Counties. (Durkin). WINTER TICK (Dermacentor albipictus) - OKLAHOMA - Heavy, 200 replete females per head, in Carl Blackwell area of Noble County; larvae and nymphs numerous. (Okla. Coop, (Sur). A VESPID WASP (Polistes exclamans) - DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA - Collected from small nest outside window in early October 1967 and found in house in September and spring of same year by H. Sollers-Riedel. Det. by O. W. Richards. (Sollers-Riedel). = ile = BENEFICIAL INSECTS DAMSEL BUGS - NEW MEXICO - Abundant in greenbug-infested wheat around Clovis, Curry County. (Mathews, Nielsen). ARIZONA - Nabis ferus averaged 40 per 100 sweeps in alfalfa in Mesa and Tempe areas of Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). LACEWINGS - ARIZONA - Chrysopa spp. and Hemerobius spp. egg laying heavy in sugarbeet fields and citrus orchards in Maricopa County December 29. Averaged 30 per 100 sweeps in alfalfa on Salt River Indian Reservation in Maricopa County January 5. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). AN ICHNEUMON WASP (Mesoleius tenthredinis) — WEST VIRGINIA - Male reared from cocoon of Pristiphora erichSonii collected during August 1966 at Barstow, Pocahontas County, by A. T. Drooz. Det. by L. M. Walkley. This is a new State record. (Drooz, USFS). FEDERAL AND STATE PLANT PROTECTION PROGRAMS CITRUS WHITEFLY (Dialeurodes citri) - CALIFORNIA - Found south of Coronado Avenue in Imperial Beach, San Diego County, for southernmost known infestation. Controls applied in known infested blocks and block-band of buffer blocks in Allied Gardens. This infestation outside treatment area and near United States—-Mexican border. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). MEXICAN FRUIT FLY (Anastrepha ludens) - CALIFORNIA - Two sterile flies trapped in separate project traps. Total of 1,231 flies taken in State in 1967; no wild or native flies trapped during year. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). PINK BOLLWORM (Pectinophora gossypiella) - ARIZONA - Late larvae easily found in bolls in Maricopa County December 29. Many larvae in bolls of unpicked cotton in Maricopa County January 5. Most larvae in brown and about-to-open bolls; larvae in top green bolls killed due to rain followed by low temperatures. Cotton plow-up date extended 15 days. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). INSECT DETECTION New State Records AN APHID (Monelliopsis tuberculata) - NEW MEXICO - Collected on black walnut at Ojo Caliente, Taos County, June 22, 1967, by D. C. Heninger. Det. by A. G. Robinson. This may be the first published record for the United States although there are unpublished records from Utah. (p. 14). AN ICHNEUMON WASP (Mesoleius tenthredinis) - WEST VIRGINIA - Male reared from cocoon of Pristiphora erichsonii collected during August 1966 at Barstow, Pocahontas County, by A. T. Drooz. Det. by L. M. Walkley. (p. 16). A CHLOROPID FLY (Neoloxotaenia gracilis) - HAWAII - Collected from light traps at Honolulu, Oahu. Det. by C. S. Sabrosky. (p. 17). New County and Island Records A JAPANESE WEEVIL (Pseudocneorhinus bifasciatus) - MARYLAND - Talbot County. (Gove VILEY)S E A PLATASPID BUG (Coptosoma xanthogramma) - HAWAII - Kauai. (p. 17). a. HAWAII INSECT REPORT New State Record - Three specimens of a CHLOROPID FLY (Neoloxotaenia gracilis (Meijere)) taken to date from light traps in Honolulu, Oahu, as follows: One at United States Public Health Service Quarantine Station and 2 at International Airport. Det. by C. S. Sabrosky. Described from Java and widely distributed in Orient. (Joyce). Not known to occur in continental United States. (PPC). Turf, Pastures - Adults of a GRASS WEBWORM (Herpetogramma licarsisalis) common and cauSing concern, especially in evenings, to residents and business firms at Honolulu, Oahu. Damage light to heavy on turf in many areas; larvae, pupae, and adults moderate in pasture at Kualoa. Heavy, up to 30 late larvae and 50 pupae per square foot, in pasture at Kawailoa. (LaPlante et al.). Vegetables - DIAMONDBACK MOTH (Plutella xylostella) larvae and adults moderate with damage light to moderate on mustard cabbage and daikon in Waianae area of Oahu; larvae and adults trace at Koko Head, Oahu. (Funasaki). Fruits - PIT SCALE (Asterolecanium pustulans) nymphs and adults medium on younger stems of passion-fruit in Kahului, Maui; heavy in scattered areas. Confined previously to older stems near ground. May develop into serious pest. (Miyahira). BARNACLE SCALE (Ceroplastes cirripediformis) nymphs and adults increased on passion-fruit in Kahului, Maui; generally medium, heavy in spots. A eulophid wasp (Aneristus ceroplastae) evident where scale heavy. (Miyahira). Ornamentals, Shade Trees - CUBAN-LAUREL THRIPS (Gynaikothrips ficorum) found on umbrella tree, BraSSaia actinophylla, in Woodlawn area of Honolulu, Oahu. This is a new host record; previously recorded only from Ficus spp. in State. (Carter). General Pests - A PLATASPID BUG (Coptosoma xanthogramma) found on Kauai for first time; adults noted on snap beans in backyard garden at Lihue in October and on rose at Koloa in December. Previous island records were Oahu, Maui, and Hawaii. (Mitchell, Chong). Beneficial Organisms -— ROSY PREDATOR SNAIL (Euglandina rosea) active in Hamakuapoko ‘and Haiku area on Maui; moderate numbers recovered and released in other areas. Moderate in Kailua and Kona area of Hawaii Island. (Miyahira, Yoshioka). LANTANA LEAF BEETLE (Octotoma scabripennis) heavy on lantana at Hookena in South Kona, Hawaii Island; mines and adults evident. (Yoshioka). Miscellaneous - VAGRANT GRASSHOPPER (Schistocerca vaga) female taken in residential area of Kaneohe, Oahu; second specimentaken on windward side of island. (Kumabe). LIGHT TRAP COLLECTIONS SOUTH CAROLINA - Charleston - 12/25-31, BL, 32-64°F, 1.98 precip. - Armyworm (Pseudaletia unipuncta) 5, black cutworm (Agrotis ipsilon) 4, granulate cutworm (Feltia subt terranea) 14, yellow- striped armyworm (Prodenia ornithogalli) Ibe TEXAS - BrownSville - 12/23- 29, BL, 34-73°F, 0.09 precip. - Armyworm 85, black cutworm 147, cabbage looper (Trichoplusia ni) 9, fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) 5, granulate cutworm 60, Salt-marsh caterpillar (Estigmene acrea) l, tobacco bu dworm (Heliothis virescens) 2, variegated cutworm (Peridroma saucia) 40, yellow-striped armyworm 230. CORRECTIONS . CEIR 18(1):6 - GYPSY MOTH (Porthetria dispar) - NEW JERSEY - Change 28 sites to US ysatesl | (PPC Es Reg.)): Doe its Relative Abundance of Bollworm and Tobacco Budworm in Cotton, Soybeans, Tomatoes, and Grain Sorghum in Arkansas, 1949 - 1952 and 1962 - 19672 W. P. Boyer, Survey Entomologist University of Arkansas Studies made during the four-year period, 1949-1952 and the six-year period, 1962-1967, show that the bollworm (Heliothis zea) was by far the predominant Heliothis species in Arkansas, especially during the latter period. Tobacco bud- worm (A. virescens) much prefers cotton to the three other hosts. The study also shows that there was a marked decline in the relative abundance of the tobacco budworm compared with the bollworm during the overall period. See Table 1. Tobacco budworm represented 22 percent of the Heliothis population on cotton for the 1949-1952 period but only 3.1 percent for the 1962-1967 period. In 1952, 3.3 percent of the Heliothis population on soybeans was tobacco budworm whereas in 1962-1964 and in 1967 tobacco budworm was only 0.10 percent and 0.14 percent respectively of the Heliothis population. One of 29 Heliothis on tomato in 1952 was tobacco budworm while none of 315 Heliothis on tomato in 1964 was tobacco budworm. The study shows that soybeans were, for at least the years 1952, 1962-1964 and 1967, only a minor host of the tobacco budworm,. Tobacco budworm was not collected from sorghum during the 1951-1952 period when 176 bollworms were collected from this host. In 1967, no tobacco budworm was found in sorghum. Heliothis were examined and determined in the field; however, numbers were not recorded. lpublished with the approval of the Director, Agricultural Experiment Station. Sy OMS Table 1. Field Collections of Heliothis Larvae by Hosts in Arkansas. Cotton Soybeans Grain Sorghum Tomato Heliothis Percent Heliothis Percent Heliothis Heliothis zea virescens H. vir. zea virescens H. vir. zea virescens zea virescens 1949 73 6 7.6 1951 28 16 36.4 1952 318 _96 23.2 260 9 3.3 28 al Total 419 118 Ave. 22.0 1951- 52 176 0 1962- 64 995 iL 0.10 1962 1041 19 1.8 1963 2634 164 5.9 315 (0) 1964 2646 40 1.5 1965 1154 IL 0.9 1966 89 3 3.3 1967 435 15 3.3 G33 1 0.14 Ave 3.1 Data for the 1949-1952 period are taken from the report of a study by Brazzel et al. (1953). Collections during the 1962-1967 period were taken by several cotton insect scouts, by County Agricultural Agents and by Arkansas entomologists. Determinations for the latter period were by the author. — AA Further study shows that tobacco budworm is relatively more abundant in early and late summer than it is during midsummer. Table 2 lists collections on a seasonal basis for the period late August through October 1962 and late June to early October 1963. Table 2. Seasonal Distribution of Tobacco Budworm and Bollworm on Cotton, 1962 and 1963. Heliothis Percent Date zea virescens H. virescens Late Aug. 1962 945 3 0.3 Sept. 26 1962 21 7 25.0 Oct. 16 1962 75 9 1L0) 7 Late June 1963 6 ial 64.7 Early July 1963 55 17 23.6 Late July 1963 1236 71 5.4 Early Aug. 1963 568 18 3.1 Late Aug. 1963 365 ail 5.4 Early Sept. 1963 363 23 6.0 Late Sept. 1963 iL/ 1 5).6 Early Oct. 1963 24 2 toe In late August 1962 only three tobacco budworms were collected from cotton com- pared with 945 bollworms whereas on September 26 and October 16, comparative numbers were 7 to 21 and 9 to 75, respectively. The tobacco budworm population was relatively high compared with that of the bollworm in early 1963, declined in midseason and then increased slightly in late season. Literature Cited Brazzel, J. R. and Coauthors. 1953. Bollworm and tobacco budworm as cotton pests in Louisiana and Arkansas. La. Tech. Bul. 482, 47 pp. Uses. Dept. Agr Coop. Econ. Ins. Rpt. 18(2): 18-20, 1968 2, Maryland 20782 ~ ey USINESS Ws } VOL.18 No. 3— XS January 19, 1968 Spain Gals Cig Ep, Cooperative ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT Issued by PLANT PEST CONTROL DIVISION AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF -AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE PLANT PEST CONTROL DIVISION SURVEY AND DETECTION OPERATIONS The Cooperative Economic Insect Report is issued weekly as a service to American Agriculture. Its contents are compiled from information supplied by cooperating State, Federal, and industrial entomologists and other agricultural workers. In releasing this material the Division serves as a clearing house and does not assume responsibility for ac- curacy of the material. All reports and inquiries pertaining to this release, including the mailing list, should be sent to: Survey and Detection Operations Plant Pest Control Division Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Federal Center Building Hyattsville, Maryland 20782 Volume 18 January 19, 1968 Number 3 COOPERATIVE ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT HIGHLIGHTS Current Conditions BEET LEAFHOPPER threatening in Imperial County, California. GREENBUG heavy in wheat in Cotton County, Oklahoma. (p. 23). ALFALFA WEEVIL increasing in Pontotoc County, Mississippi. (p. 23). CALIFORNIA RED SCALE unusually abundant in 1967 in Sacramento County, California. (p. 24). WINTER TICK unusually numerous on cattle in north-central Oklahoma. (p. 25). Detection New State records include an AMBROSIA BEETLE in Oklahoma (p. 25) and a GASTER- UPTIID WASP in Wisconsin (p. 26). For new county records see page 26. Special Report @ Insect Detection in the United States in 1967. Six species new to Contin- ental United States reported. (p. 27). Reports in this issue are for week ending January 12 unless otherwise indicated. = Oil o 5 DS CONTENTS Special Insects of Regional Significance......... ODO0DC00000000000000000000000028 Insects Affecting Small Graijns.......... plod clo odoodooo x8) (GalierQisso'o 010600000 ° ese eee Odo000 24 Forage Legumes............ ecerscceeeee- 2d Other Trop. & Subtrop. Fruits..... . 24 SUCGAMDESIES sie oletoneie: sielel slicieeuelicleliclclarouctenerer a+ ml OGMAMe Mic aPllSisweleilealalenenc eh sueieiedencite 5000 0c4! COMENCLOPS ec icelevelensielels es eleuclionsiosisidicie decir toe hOGeS tuanGd Shader eesinicvarslemcnclomenenenen nto General Vegetables............ ele e ie Man vand PAndimaliS/ revelers ebeneneisionelone Jo60 62S Deciduous Fruits and Nuts...........24 XSAN STE SAE IL) AH NISC 4'4 Gib 6 bo Olo\bio-0ld'b'0 OO) 10.0 clooudlavddlo do's d06000 00.0 dec oo 00 Doon0Go0 00m Insect Detection........ GoodaoGoDODOdD UO OGOGOUOGO Godda D DOD DOC OO UODNDDOO000 do00 0H) Hawaii Insect Report......... anon ooddoUboodaGogobeuOU DOU UDO DOD C OOO OO 0000000000 26 Insect Detection in the United States - 1967.......... Hoo00000000 coou0000GaU WEATHER OF THE WEEK ENDING JANUARY 15 HIGHLIGHTS: Most areas averaged colder than normal in spite of considerable warming during the week or over the weekend. Freezing rain iced the highways from the southern Great Plains to the Carolinas. PRECIPITATION: Cold rain fell almost every day along the northern and central Pacific coast with snow in the interior mountains. In the Sierras, the heavy snow, blown by gale-force winds, reduced the visibility to near zero, making highway travel hazardous. East of the Rockies, snow fell early in the week over the northern Great Plains while sleet and freezing rain iced the highways from Oklahoma and Texas to the Carolinas. A weekend storm brought more snow from the Great Lakes to the Northeast with more freezing rain, sleet, and snow across the South, This storm dumped 5 to 15 inches of snow in Ohio and lesser amounts farther south covering the northern two-thirds of Georgia. Alternate periods of freezing rain and snow occurred over Virginia and the Carolinas. Ice and snow accumulations in the southern Appalachians and northwestern Piedmont ranged from 4 to 14 inches. Many schools from Georgia to Virginia were closed January 15. Precipitation over the lower Colorado River Valley and the western edge of the Great Plains was of little consequence. TEMPERATURE: Gradual warming occurred over most of the Nation. Temperatures averaged above normal in the Far Northwest and over the southern portions of California and Arizona but continued below normal over the rest of the Nation. Strong southerly winds at midweek warmed the Red River | of the North Valley almost to freezing level. Fargo, North Dakota, registered 20° on Thursday. Cold tempera- tures returned on Friday. Frigid weather continued over the Northeast until the weekend. On Sunday afternoon, Boston, Massachusetts, registered 41° and Richmond, Virginia, recorded 53° On the same day, however, more cold nipped the Deep South. The temperature at Tallahassee, Florida, dipped to 25° Sunday morning and most of Alabama remained below freezing. (Summary supplied by Environmental Data Service, ESSA.) = Oo SPECIAL INSECTS OF REGIONAL SIGNIFICANCE BEET LEAFHOPPER (Circulifer tenellus) - CALIFORNIA - Ranged 4-6 per 100 sweeps near Maricopa, Kern County, and 2-5 per 10 sweeps in usually treated areas near Coalinga, Fresno County; up to 2 eggs per female in Kern County compared with 4 eggs per female in 25 percent of leafhoppers checked in Fresno County. Threat predicted soon in southern desert area due to large winter annual acreage in Imperial Valley, Imperial County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). CORN LEAF APHID (Rhopalosiphum maidis) - NEW MEXICO - Heavy in Chaves County barley. (Mathews). ARIZONA - Light in most Maricopa County barley. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). GREENBUG (Schizaphis graminum) - OKLAHOMA - Light im Marshall County wheat and heavy in Cotton County wheat; ranged 0-5 per linear foot in Jackson and Greer Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). SMALL GRAINS ENGLISH GRAIN APHID (Macrosiphum avenae) - MISSISSIPPI - Light and noneconomic on winter wheat and rye in Oktibbeha County. (Dinkins). FLEA BEETLES - NEW MEXICO - Ranged 0-40 per linear foot in Roosevelt and Curry County wheat and 10-15 per linear foot in small grains in Roswell area, Chaves County. (Mathews). FORAGE LEGUMES PEA APHID (Acyrthosiphon pisum) - OKLAHOMA - Moderate in Cotton County alfalfa. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). NEW MEXICO - Very light to light in Chaves County alfalfa. (Mathews). COWPEA APHID (Aphis craccivora) - ARIZONA - Light in most Maricopa County alfalfa and in some Yuma County alfalfa; increasing in Pinal County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). THREE-CORNERED ALFALFA HOPPER (Spissistilus festinus) - ARIZONA - Counts per 100 sweeps by county: Pinal 30, Yuma 80. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). LYGUS BUGS (Lygus spp.) - ARIZONA - Counts per 100 sweeps in alfalfa by county: Pinal 20, Maricopa 40, and Yuma 50. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - ARKANSAS - Egg laying consistent but not heavy in Poinsett and Mississippi Counties; hatching occurred with no apparent larval survival. (Miner). MISSISSIPPI - Larvae averaged 3 per 200 stems and adults 2 per 10 square feet in Oktibbeha County alfalfa field; adults increasing in Pontotoc County. (Pitre). CLOVER SEED WEEVIL (Miccotrogus picirostris) - MISSOURI - Total of 7 weevils taken in alfalfa at Kirksville, Adair County, by R. E. Munson and L. R. Hanning, June 15, 1967. Det. by R. E. Munson and W. S. Craig. This is a new county record. (Munson). THRIPS (Frankliniella spp.) - ARIZONA - Adults and nymphs ranged up to 30 and 150 per 100 sweeps, respectively, in Maricopa County alfalfa. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). 3 DAS SUGARBEETS GREEN PEACH APHID (Myzus persicae) - ARIZONA - Colonies present in some Maricopa County fields; young center growth damaged. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). COLE CROPS CABBAGE LOOPER (Trichoplusia ni) - CALIFORNIA - Total of 32 adults taken December 14-21 in combination light and sex-pheromone trap at Home Gardens, Riverside County. Adults not usually attracted to just light trap during the winter. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). FLORIDA - Damaging occasional untreated cabbage field in Sanford, Seminole County; 18 percent of larvae infected with a fungus, Entomophthora sp., January 4. Det. by G. L. Greene. (Greene). GENERAL VEGETABLES CABBAGE LOOPER (Trichoplusia ni) - ARIZONA - Control treatments on lettuce at Yuma, Yuma County; no buildup Since temperature decline. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). GREEN PEACH APHID (Myzus- persicae) - ARIZONA - Control treatment required on lettuce at Dome Valley, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). DECIDUOUS FRUITS AND NUTS WHITE PEACH SCALE (Pseudaulacaspis pentagona) - FLORIDA - All stages infesting about 158 of 175 peach trees at Bay Lake January 3. (Henderson). TWO-SPOTTED SPIDER MITE (Tetranychus urticae) - CALIFORNIA - Heavy on 0.5-acre almond nursery stock planting in Newcastle, Placer County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). CITRUS CALIFORNIA RED SCALE (Aonidiella aurantii) - CALIFORNIA - Heavy on citrus in Sacramento, Sacramento County; unuSually abundant in 1967. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). ARIZONA - New infestations on homeowners' trees in Arcadia district in Phoenix, Maricopa County; controls in progress. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). AN ARMORED SCALE (Unaspis citri) - FLORIDA - Scattered on 200 of 2,000 Page orange nursery trees at Lake Jem, Lake County. (Simpson). BLACK SCALE (Saissetia oleae) - ARIZONA - Light on leaves in central Phoenix area, Maricopa County. Ariz. Coop. Sur.). CITRUS RED MITE (Panonychus citri) - ARIZONA - Decreased to one-half of November levels during survey of 12 infested areas of Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). OTHER TROP. & SUBTROP. FRUITS AN ARMORED SCALE (Hemiberlesia lataniae) - CALIFORNIA - Moderate on avocado trees in Oceanside, San Diego County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). ORNAMENTALS BLACK SCALE (Saissetia oleae) - ARIZONA - Heavy on oleander hedges in central Phoenix area, Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). = 2 5e= ARMORED SCALES - CALIFORNIA - Aonidiella aurantii heavy on laurel, Laurus sp., in Sacramento, Sacramento County; unusually prevalent in 1967. Aspidiotus nerii heavy on cymbidium plants in nursery in Capitola, Santa Cruz County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). WOOLLY APPLE APHID (Eriosoma lanigerum) - ARIZONA - Heavy on pyracantha plantings at motel in Safford, Graham County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). NATIVE HOLLY LEAF MINER (Phytomyza ilicicola) - MARYLAND - Heavy on American holly at College Park, Prince Georges County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). FOREST AND SHADE TREES AN AMBROSIA BEETLE (Xyleborus affinis) - OKLAHOMA - Found in dead pine tree in McCurtain County May 25, 1966. Det. by D. M. Anderson. This is a new State record. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). A BLASTOBASID MOTH (Holcocera iceryaeella) - CALIFORNIA - Larvae moderate on black pine nursery stock in Oakland, Alameda County; webbing evident. (CAL . Coop. Rpt.). PINE NEEDLE SCALE (Phenacaspis pinifoliae) - MARYLAND - Moderate to heavy on white pine planting near Bowie, Prince Georges County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). A WHITEFLY (Aleuroplatus coronatus) - CALIFORNIA - Moderate on 4 acres of oak trees in Redwood Valley, Mendocino County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). MAN AND ANIMALS COMMON CATTLE GRUB (Hypoderma lineatum) - OKLAHOMA - Averaged 18 per head on untreated 2-year-old steers and 12 per head on untreated mature cows in north- central area. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). SCREW-WORM (Cochliomyia hominivorax) - No cases reported in U.S. January 7-13, 1968. Total of 72 cases reported in portion of Barrier Zone in Republic of Mexico as follows: Territorio sur de Baja California 46, Sonora 1, Chihuahua 7, Coahuila 3, Nuevo Leon 1, Tamaulipas 14. Total of 9 cases reported in Mexico south of Barrier Zone. Barrier Zone is area where eradication operations under- way to prevent establishment of self-sustaining population in U.S. Sterile screw-worm flies released: Texas 46,346,000, Mexico 33,538,000. (Anim. Health Div.). CATTLE LICE - MISSISSIPPI - Moderate to heavy on beef cattle in Oktibbeha County. (Dinkins). IOWA - Bovicola bovis moderate to heavy on 2 cattle lots in Madison County and one lot in Adair County; very light in locker plants in Jasper, Marion, and Iowa Counties. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). HOG LOUSE (Haematopinus suis) - OKLAHOMA - Heavy in Cotton and Marshall Counties; light on swine in Payne County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). WINTER TICK (Dermacentor albipictus) - OKLAHOMA - Unusually numerous on cattle in north-central area past winter. (Okla. Coop. Sur.)). BROWN RECLUSE SPIDER (Loxosceles reclusa) - OKLAHOMA - Active in public buildings in Stillwater, Payne County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). ILLINOIS - Infesting high school at Mattoon, Coles County; building treated. Gale Sinsker pte» re. - 26 - BENEFICIAL INSECTS LADY BEETLES - ARIZONA - Averaged 15 per 100 sweeps on Pinal County alfalfa. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). LACEWINGS - ARIZONA - Chrysopa spp. and Hemerobius spp. averaged 25 per 100 sweeps on Pinal County alfalfa. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). A GASTERUPTIID WASP (Rhydinofoenus floridanus bradleyi) - WISCONSIN - Collected in Madison area in summer of 1967. Det. by L. M. Walkley. This is a new State record. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). The larvae of this species are parasitic on solitary wasps and bees. (PPC). . HAWAII INSECT REPORT Cotton - PINK BOLLWORM (Pectinophora gossypiella) larvae moderate to heavy on wild cotton plants in Waianae area, Oahu; boll infestation 60 percent. (Funasaki). Vegetables - IMPORTED CABBAGEWORM (Pieris rapae) eggs and adults very heavy and Tarvae light on cauliflower and cabbage in Pulehu, Maui. (Ah Sam). GREENHOUSE WHITEFLY (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) moderate in some eggplant and snap bean fields in Waimanalo, Waianae, and Kaaawa, Oahu; controls restricted by poor weather. (Funasaki). LEAF MINER FLIES (Liriomyza spp.) and CARMINE SPIDER MITE (Tetranychus telarius) light on snap beans and yard-long beans in Waimanalo, Oahu; T. telarius moderate on snap beans in Hanapepe, Kauai. (Funasaki, Ikehara). Fruits - Nymphs and adults of a MEALYBUG (Pseudococcus obscurus) remain light, mod- erate in scattered spots, in passion-fruit farm in Kahului, Maui; larvae of a lady beetle (Cryptolaemus montrouzieri) very active and numerous where mealybug numbers moderate. (Miyahira). Adults of a PLATASPID BUG (Coptosoma xanthogramma) very heavy on mango flower stems in Kailua; light in Waimanalo. (Suzukawa). Shade Trees - All stages of CUBAN-LAUREL THRIPS (Gynaikothrips ficorum) increasing On Chinese banyan trees in Makaha, Oahu; nymphs and adults Of a predaceous anthocorid bug (Montandoniola moraguesi) numerous in infested leaves. (Shinbara). All stages of a BARK BEETLE (Xylosandrus compactus) light on kolomona, Cassia glauca, at Tantalus, Oahu, for a new host record. (Au). Man and Animals - Total of 1,402 Aedes vexans nocturnus and 8,245 Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus taken in 48 light traps on Oahu during December. A vexans nocturnus heaviest in windward areas and C. pipiens quinquefasciatus heaviest in Haleiwa and Waialua area. (Mosq. Cont. Br., Dept. of Health). INSECT DETECTION New State Records AN AMBROSIA BEETLE (Xyleborus affinis) - OKLAHOMA - Found in dead pine tree in McCurtain County May 25, 1966. Det. by D. M. Anderson. (p. 25). A GASTERUPTIID WASP (Rhydinofoenus floridanus bradleyi) - WISCONSIN - Collected in Madison area in summer of 1967. Det. by L. M. Walkley. (p. 27). New County Record CLOVER SEED WEEVIL (Miccotrogus picirostris) - MISSOURI - Adair County. 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UT pazAOdarI atam Sp1OdaT SazeIG payTUN [e}JUeUTJUOD Mau XTS LO6T - SGLVLS GHLINO FHL NI NOTLOALAAC LOASNIT Species Aedes cinereus a mosquito Aphelinus semiflavus a eulophid wasp Apion longirostre hollyhock weevil Argyrotaenia alisellana a leaf roller mo Asaphes lucens a pteromalid wasp Aspidiotus cryptomeriae an armored scale Aspidiotus destructor coconut scale Asteia sp. an asteiid fly Blissus insularis Southern chinch bug Bradysia impatiens a fungus gnat Brevipalpus russulus a false Spider mite Ceratophyllus niger western chicken flea Chorizagrotis auxiliaris army cutworm Clavaspis ulmi an armored scale Coccus elongatus a soft Scale Conoderus falli Southern potato wireworm Coptotermes formosanus Formosan subterranean termite Cosmobaris americana a weevil Cotinis texana a June beetle = 22 ADDITIONAL NEW STATE RECORDS State Virginia Nebraska Washington Delaware Oklahoma Mary land Pennsylvania Hawaii California Washington Florida Idaho Missouri California Texas Virginia South Carolina Washington Nevada County Franklin Pittsylvania Roanoke Lancaster Grant Kent Tulsa Montgomery Delaware Oahu iy Los Angeles Skagit St. Johns Madison Carroll San Mateo Hidalgo Norfolk 2/ Charleston Yakima Clark Collected on traps Therioaphis riehmi sagebrush CEIR Page 203 1015 604 blacklight trap 225 Hyadaphis 251 pseudobrassicae Canada hemlock blue spruce light trap St. Augustine grass pea seedlings Zygocactus sp. house light trap catalpa Ruby Red grapefruit light trap Kochia americana rosebush 1058 120 120 974 18 974 472 494 1058 740 179 604 915 949 Species Cryptotermes brevis a powder-—post termite Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus southern house mosquito Cylas formicarius elegantulus sweetpotato weevil Cyrtepistomus castaneus Asiatic oak weevil Deraeocoris fasciolus a mirid bug Diabrotica longicornis northern corn rootworm Diabrotica virgifera western corn rootworm Diplotaxis sordida a scarab Diprion frutetorum a sawfly Ectobius pallidus Spotted Mediterranean cockroach Epipaschia zelleri an epipaschiid moth Epiptera opaca a fulgorid planthopper Euxesta wettsteini an otitid fly Gobertina picticornis a stratiomyid fly Herculia intermedialis a pyralid moth Heterodera glycines soybean cyst nematode Hypera meles clover head weevil - 29 - State North Carolina Nevada North Carolina Illinois Rhode Island Delaware New Hampshire North Dakota Delaware Indiana Michigan Delaware Delaware Hawaii Hawaii Illinois Florida Louisiana Missouri County Wake Clark Columbus Effingham Kent Kent Strafford Cass Kent Warren Oakland Kent Kent Oahu Molokai Lanai 1/ Oahu 1/ Champaign Escambia Richland 3/ Pike Collected CEIR on Page oak 789 furnishings human 990 storage 419 house at lights 949 oak 859 blacklight 604 trap corn silk 963 corn 963 blacklight 524 trap pine 884 house 1048 blacklight 203 trap blacklight 524 trap decaying 650 plant material at light 33 juniper 136 soybeans 900 soybeans 915 clover 990 Species Hypera postica alfalfa weevil Hyperaspis signata a lady beetle Hyperodes anthracinus a weevil Kalotermes approximatus a drywood termite Limax flavus tawny garden slug Linognathus africanus a goat sucking louse Lipoptena mazamae a louse fly Miccotrogus picirostris clover seed weevil Musca autumnalis face fly Neochrysops globosus a deer fly Neoclytus caprea a Long-horned beetle Oberea affinis a cerambycid beetle Oegoconia quadripuncta a gelechiid moth Oidaematophorus monodactylus a plume moth Oligonychus milleri a spider mite Oligonychus stickneyi a Spider mite Oncideres cingulata twig girdler Ornithocoris pallidus a Cimicid bug Oulema melanopus cereal leaf beetle Maine Washington Connecticut South Carolina Oregon Idaho Oklahoma Missouri Oregon Delaware Nevada Utah Delaware Delaware Missouri Hawaii Delaware Alabama Pennsylvania County Clinton, Des Moines, Lee, Muscatine, Scott York Whitman Fairfield Charleston Jackson Fremont Schuyler Sullivan Wallowa New Castle Clark Davis Kent Kent Boone Oahu 1/ Kent Pike Lawrence Collected on alfalfa alfalfa Pulvinaria innumerabilis annual bluegrass garden vegetables sheep deer red clover cattle daisy ash raspberry canes blacklight trap light shortleaf pine Bermuda grass blacklight trap martin birdhouse oats CEIR Page 579 604 717 740 678 859 450 179 1015 636 636 179 884 393 179 579 949 524 472 579 Species Panonychus citri citrus red mite Paratrechina longicornis crazy ant Pheidole javana an ant Philaenus spumarius meadow spittlebug Phloeotrya vaudoueri a melandryid bark beetle Phyllocoptes wisconsinensis an eriophyid mite Phytocoris mundus a plant bug Phytocoris puella a plant bug Pilophorus laetus a plant bug Platycheirus quadratus a hover fly Platyptilia pica a plume moth Polydrusus impressifrons a weevil Porpomiris curtulus a plant bug Pristiphora erichsonii Tarch sawfly Pseudococcus comstocki Comstock mealybug Pseudococcus sparsus a mealybug Pyanisia tristis a darkling beetle Sitona scissifrons a weevil Slaterocoris pallipes a plant bug = Sle State Arizona California Hawaii Missouri Delaware Pennsylvania Delaware Delaware Delaware Florida Indiana Oregon Delaware Maryland California California Alabama Wisconsin Delaware County Yuma San Diego Oahu Hawaii 1/ Lewis Kent Mercer Kent Kent Kent Calhoun Putnam Washington Kent Garrett Tulare San Bernardino Mobile Dane, Grant, Rock, Walworth Kent Collected on lemons lawn alfalfa blacklight trap elderberry blacklight trap blacklight trap blacklight trap oats geraniums blacklight trap blacklight trap European and Japanese larch mulberry juniper pine lumber alfalfa blacklight trap CEIR Page 419 1085 203 494 524 179 579 604 551 472 157 472 579 120 842 2XPN) 842 33 551 Species Solenopsis (Diplorhoptrum) sp. an ant Sphenophorus parvulus bluegrass billbug Strumigenys rogeri an ant Surattha indentella a sod webworm Taedia colon a plant bug Tetrastichus sokolowskii a eulophid wasp Therioaphis maculata spotted alfalfa aphid Trinoton querquedulae large duck louse Walshia miscecolorella a walshiid moth 1/ Island records. 2/ Independent City. 3/ Parish record. = 3 State Hawaii Wisconsin Hawaii Kansas Delaware Missouri Delaware Hawaii Nebraska County Oahu ay Dane, Racine, Rock, Walworth Oahu ay Pawnee, Stafford, Rice, Meade, Wichita Kent Boone New Castle Kent Kauai aly Lancaster, Saunders, Cass, Otoe, Johnson Collected on dead sugarcane stalk buffalo grass blacklight trap Plutella xylostella alfalfa dead ducks sweetclover CEIR Page 203 33 203 179 604 1085 251 43 286 ees: ae TAGE AND FEE Os wo oO rE iz Ww = (= ue pt a USINESS = VOL. 18 No. 4 January 26, 1968 ie, | ¥23 Cy, Cooperative ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT Issued by PLANT PEST CONTROL DIVISION AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE PLANT PEST CONTROL DIVISION SURVEY AND DETECTION OPERATIONS The Cooperative Economic Insect Report is issued weekly as a service to American Agriculture. Its contents are compiled from information supplied by cooperating State, Federal, and industrial entomologists and other agricultural workers. In releasing this material the Division serves as a clearing house and doesnot assume responsibility for ac- curacy of the material. All reports and inquiries pertaining to this release, including the mailing list, should be sent to: Survey and Detection Operations Plant Pest Control Division Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Federal Center Building Hyattsville, Maryland 20782 Volume 18 January 26, 1968 Number 4 COOPERATIVE ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT HIGHLIGHTS Current Conditions GREENBUG damaging in Rolling Plains area of Texas. (p. 35). ENGLISH GRAIN APHID increasing in wheat in Oktibbeha County, Mississippi. (p. 35). CITRUS RUST MITE at highest December level on leaves and fruit of Florida citrus in 16 years. of record. (p. 36). EAR TICK very heavy on dairy animals in San Joaquin County, California. (p. 39). WHITE GARDEN SNAIL undetected for eighth consecutive week in Los Angeles County, California. (p. 39). Detection For new county and island records see page 40. Special Report General abundance of EUROPEAN CORN BORER decreased in those States reporting in 1967, although slight increase noted in Wisconsin. Populations less than half those of 1966 in 6 North Central States. (p. 42). Reports in this issue are for week ending January 19 unless otherwise indicated. ao 39 0 5 sys CONTENTS Special Insects of Regional Significance.............6-.e.- Do00DD0D0DDN0N m0 000 08) Insects Affecting Small GrainS......c2eeeerseresoes +30 Other Trop. & Subtrop. Fruits......37 Turf, Pastures, Rangeland........+..30 OrnamentalS.....ceceerees pa0000000080 Forage LegumeS......-ccscercoreoere edd Forest and Shade TreeS.......e+e+es0dt Comer Cropspiievciereielereleicvenelelelele) cite) eheney el eieei 30 Man and AnimalS....csecscererseeeseed General VegetableS......seeeercereeedO Miscellaneous Wild Plants..........39 Diciduous Fruits and Nuts.....+.0+.+.30 Stored ProductS....ssscrosereevreerdd GHErALKS OG O'0 0 0.0.00 6 O DIDO Urb 00100-01000. 6.010.070 Oe) Bene Li Clays sMS ECE Sheete, ofteiieolseneriore\ o\(eirel ofeliovicl ole {ollejlo/ ollelfe)ielielle\ie)(ell=}ieliol/clieitelfelfelfeielie'telle\(or eli-beniesieiie) erteMeleMelehsfiseRet SI Federal and State Plant Protection ProgramS.....csscrveressesererseressessessess edd UMASS DIEGO BUHOM6 doodaoccco0cGb0ODbUKGoUd0TOODDODODDUDDDDODOU OCOD OOOO DDD D000 C000 0c) jiplenie: Gwe) Cowlale@inslomSooaoacuouuasc9g00000000000 PERU AERO HCRCRTATRORTECRC OIE riterac CTO Cr00.0 0.00 6440) ConmectdOnSke rece) ciercversleke)-)eleNokelohensnsie GOGO DODDOD DU ODDO DONO DDODDNDOOONONS S0000c000000000 0440) HAWwalisiveinse cit Re pO witrersmeieienerewerciercnehencletemeneteie tclrelcl ele chen chal sieroreolielollcloneueleu ener Weler ol eirenene 6050000 0440 Status of the European Corn Borer in 1967..... 5:0-6.0'0 0.6 G6000000DH GOUD0 DU OD000 O00 0E WEATHER BUREAU'S 30-DAY OUTLOOK MID-JANUARY TO MID-FEBRUARY The Weather Bureau's 30-day outlook is for temperatures to average below seasonal normals in the gulf and south Alantic coast regions and also in the southern Rockies and northern New England. Above normal temperatures are anticipated for the West Coast States, the northern Rockies, and from the northern and central Plains to the Upper Great Lakes. Elsewhere near normal temperatures are in prospect. Precipitation is expected to exceed normal in the South as well as over the southern Plains and the Pacific Northwest. Subnormal totals are indicated from the northern Mississippi Valley eastward through the Great Lakes Region to the Appalachians. Elsewhere near normal precipitation is in prospect. Weather forecast given here is based on the official 30-day "Resume and Outlook" published twice a month by the Weather Bureau. You can subscribe through the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C. 20250. Price $5.00 a year. For Weather of the Week see page 41. = 43'5RE SPECIAL INSECTS OF REGIONAL SIGNIFICANCE BEET LEAFHOPPER (Circulifer tenellus) - CALIFORNIA - Decreased from 5 to 3 in 10 sweeps in western San Joaquin and Stanislaus Counties due to dry weather. Controllable numbers found near Oil King School and south of Jacalitos Canyon, Fresno County, and in Kettleman Hills, Kings County; controls not applied in other parts of Kettleman Hills, Dudley, and Pyramid Hill areas due to leafhopper scattering. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). GREENBUG (Schizaphis graminum) - NEW MEXICO - Ranged 10-20 per linear foot in wheat around Portales, Roosevelt County, and 40-50 per linear foot on wheat at ‘Clovis, Curry County. (Mathews). TEXAS - Heaviest in Cottle, King, Dickens, Motley, and Stonewall Counties of north-central area; present in Childress, Kent, Wichita, Young, Foard, and Hardeman Counties; activity decreasing. Some activity on dryland wheat in panhandle area. (Almand et al., Jan. 12). Damaging in Rolling Plains area; activity increasing in counties near Lubbock. (Texas Coop. Rpt.). OKLAHOMA - Ranged 30-40 per linear foot in wheat in Jackson and Stephens Counties; 20-50 per linear foot in Harmon County; 5-15 per linear foot in Canadian, Blaine, Dewey, Woodward, Alfalfa, Major, Woods, and Garfield Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). ARKANSAS - Occasional aphid found in Washington County wheat. (Boyer). KANSAS - Averaged less than one per 10 row feet in Sedgwick, Sumner, and Harper Counties. (Simpson). Found below soil surface in crowns of fall- seeded wheat in southwest area; dead aphids on exposed leaves. (DePew). SPOTTED ALFALFA APHID (Therioaphis maculata) - KANSAS - None found on alfalfa checked in Sedgwick, Sumner, and Harper Counties. (Simpson). SMALL GRAINS ENGLISH GRAIN APHID (Macrosiphum avenae) - MISSISSIPPI - Increasing in Oktibbeha County wheat; moderate in 4 fields. (Dinkins). WINTER GRAIN MITE (Penthaleus major) - OKLAHOMA - Averaged 35 per linear foot in Stephens County and up to 50-60 per linear foot in Jackson County wheat. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). TEXAS - Activity decreasing in north-central area due to dry, cold weather. (Almand et al., Jan. 12). TURF, PASTURES, RANGELAND RHODES-GRASS SCALE (Antonina graminis) - ARIZONA - Moderate in crowns of Bermuda grass on many properties in Phoenix, Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). APHIDS (Aphis spp.) - ARIZONA - Heavy in spots in Bermuda grass seed fields at Yuma Valley, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). A BILLBUG (Sphenophorus phoeniciensis) - ARIZONA - Adults light in uprooted Bermuda grass sod at Phoenix, Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). FORAGE LEGUMES PEA APHID (Acyrthosiphon pisum) - KANSAS - Ranged 20-25 per square foot in 2 alfalfa fields in Sumner County. (Simpson). ARKANSAS - Survey negative in alfalfa and vetch in Washington County. (Boyer). ALFALFA WEEVILS (Hypera spp.) - MISSISSIPPI - H. postica adults per 10 square feet and eggs and larvae per 20 stems in new and 7-year-old stands, respectively, in Pontotoc County: Adults 12 and 15; larvae 45 and 25; eggs 10 and 3. (Pitre). ARIZONA - H. brunneipennis young larvae found in 35 percent of alfalfa plant terminals at Yuma, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). ="36ue CLOVER SEED WEEVIL (Miccotrogus picirostris) - MISSOURI - Collected in red clover at Valley Park, St. Louis County, July 13, 1967, by R. E. Munson and L. R. Hanning. Det. by W. S. Craig. This is a new county record and most southern collection to date. (Munson). COLE CROPS CABBAGE LOOPER (Trichoplusia ni) - ARIZONA - Young larvae light in most Maricopa County broccoli. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). DIAMONDBACK MOTH (Plutella xylostella) - TEXAS - Feeding on collards in Klein, Harris County. (Kay, Portie). GENERAL VEGETABLES GREEN PEACH APHID (Myzus persicae) - ARIZONA - Moderate in carrot foliage in northwest Phoenix area of Maricopa County; controls necessary in Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). DECIDUOUS FRUITS AND NUTS PEACH TREE BORER (Sanninoidea exitiosa) - ALABAMA - Larvae feeding at and below ground line on peach trees in central area during warm weather; excessive sap residue on damaged trees. (McQueen, Jan. 12). LESSER PEACH TREE BORER (Synanthedon pictipes) - ALABAMA - Larvae feeding on many peach trees in central area; gum residue evident. (McQueen, Jan. 12). HICKORY SHUCKWORM (Laspeyresia caryana) - ALABAMA - Larvae numerous in old pecan shucks under all pecan trees examined in small orchards and around homes in southern and central areas; no pupation. (McQueen, Jan. 12). WHITE PEACH SCALE (Pseudaulacaspis pentagona) - ALABAMA - Heavy in two 4-year- old peach orchards in Geneva County; 2 control treatments applied. (Bagby, Reynolds). A SEED CHALCID (Megastigmus pistaciae) - CALIFORNIA - Larvae moderate in harvested Pistacia vera var. kerman nuts in Plant Introduction Gardens in Chico, Butte County; navel orangeworm infesting few kernels. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). CITRUS Citrus Insect Situation in Florida - End of December - CITRUS RUST MITE (Phyllocoptruta Oleivora) infested Teaves in 85 percent of groves (norm 58 percent); 68 percent economic (norm 39 percent). Infested fruit in 79 percent of groves (norm 52 percent); 65 percent economic (norm 33 percent). An unusual December increase occurred which will continue into January. Population on both leaves and fruit was highest for December in 16 years of record. It was also near alltime high record of July 1957 and may exceed it next month. All districts high. TEXAS CITRUS MITE (Eutetranychus banksi) infested 50 percent of groves (norm 38 percent); 17 percent economic (norm 14 percent). Population increased above normal December level but is still in moderate range. Further increase expected and most districts will develop some heavy infestations. Highest districts west, south, and north. CITRUS RED MITE (Panonychus citri) infested 38 percent of groves (norm 36 percent); 18 economic (orm 13 percent). Population will continue to increase but will remain near normal and in low to moderate range. Heavy infestations will occur in scattered groves. Highest districts west and east. GLOVER SCALE (Lepidosaphes gloverii) infested 72 - 37 - percent of groves; 9 percent economic. Population below average and in moderate range; Slight increase expected. Highest districts east, west, and south. PURPLE SCALE (L. beckii) infested 65 percent of groves; 3 percent economic. Population below normal and in low range. Increase expected but few infestations will be important. Highest district east. YELLOW SCALE (Aonidiella citrina) infested 68 percent of groves; 4 percent economic. Population near normal and moderate; Slight increase expected. Highest district east. BLACK SCALE (Saissetia oleae) infested 50 percent of groves; 18 percent economic. Mild weather favored increase to above normal level. However, population still low and very few infestations important. Highest districts central and east. CHAFF SCALE (Parlatoria pergandii) infested 42 percent of groves; 2 percent economic. Population will continue below normal and in low range in all districts. AN ARMORED SCALE (Unaspis citri) infested 14 percent of groves; 4 percent moderate to heavy. Further increase and spread expected. (W. A. Simanton (Citrus Expt. Sta., Lake Alfred)). ARMORED SCALES - FLORIDA - Lepidosaphes gloverii infesting 52,000 of 65,000 nursery trees at Clermont, Lake County, January 11. (Henderson). ARIZONA - Aonidiella aurantii infesting 21 spots on homeowner's property in central Phoenix area, Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). GREEN SCALE (Coccus viridis) - FLORIDA - Moderate to severe on all 180 sweet orange trees at location in Rockledge, Brevard County, December 21. (Levan, Holley). Trees placed under temporary quarantine. (Fla. Coop. Sur.). OTHER TROP. & SUBTROP. FRUITS A SAP BEETLE (Carpophilus humeralis) - CALIFORNIA - Larvae light on pomegranate fruit in Coachella, Riverside County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). ORNAMENTALS HEMISPHERICAL SCALE (Saissetia coffeae) - FLORIDA - All stages severe on 3,000 coontie plants, Zamia floridana, at Tampa, Hillsborough County, January 10. - (Hale). A CONIFER APHID (Cinara tujafilina) - ALABAMA - Moderate to heavy on several 4 to 6-foot arborvitae plantings; honeydew heavy. (McQueen). FOREST AND SHADE TREES BARK BEETLES - ALABAMA - Dendroctonus terebrans adults and larvae inactive, 1-10 per tree, under bark of twenty 10 to 25-year-old loblolly and shortleaf pines at Lee County home. (McQueen, Jan. 12). TEXAS - Total of 330 D. terebrans-infested trees treated in Davy Crockett and Angelina National Forests October through December. D. frontalis decreased to negligible level October through December. Total of 31 multiple-tree spots found over 4.5 million acres during detection flights in October. Total of 66 infestations involving 4,531 trees controlled by mid-November. D. brevicomis light in ponderosa pine stands in western area October through December. Ips avulsus, I. grandicollis, and I. calligraphus activity continued heavy October through December. Losses heaviest in south- eastern area; up to 25 percent tree mortality in localized areas. (Ollieu). DEODAR WEEVIL (Pissodes nemorensis) - TEXAS - Adults damaged young loblolly and shortleaf pines in Angelina, Jasper, Tyler, and San Augustine Counties October through December; about 50 percent of reproduction in 100-acre block killed in San Augustine County. (Ollieu). = 33 < AN OLETHREUTID MOTH (Laspeyresia cupressana) - CALIFORNIA - Larvae moderate in Italian cypress cones in nursery stock in Menlo Park, San Mateo County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). FOREST TENT CATERPILLAR (Malacosoma disstria) - MINNESOTA - The movement of this pest has been in a south to southeasterly direction. The current infestation is Forest Tent Caterpillar Defoliation centered on the Iron Range area of Prediction in Minnesota - 1967 Hibbing, Virginia, and Eveleth. The 1968 defoliation prediction shown on the accompanying map was based on the observ- ed defoliation and larval reports during the summer, and the egg mass survey made during October and November of 1967. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). BUCK MOTH (Hemileuca maia) - FLORIDA - Flight heavy in Withlacoochee State Forest in Citrus County January 4; numerous on turkey oak due to warm weather. (Chellman). heavy to severe medium MAN AND ANIMALS STEARRS light MOSQUITOES - LOUISIANA - Larvae collect- ed in Jefferson Parish January 9-15: Aedes vexans, Culiseta inornata, Culex salinarius, Anopheles quadrimaculatus, and Aedes sollicitans; light trap collec- tions decreased due to cold weather. (Stokes). very light SCREW-WORM (Cochliomyia hominivorax) - No cases reported in U.S. January 14-20, 1968. Total of 66 cases reported in portion of Barrier Zone in Republic of Mexico as follows: Territorio sur de Baja California 20, Sonora 5, Chihuahua 8, Coahuila 7, Nuevo Leon 3, Tamaulipas 23. Total of 10 cases reported in Mexico south of Barrier Zone. Barrier Zone is area where eradication operations underway to prevent establishment of self-sustaining population in U.S. Sterile screw-worm flies released: Texas 18,168,000, Mexico 104,362,000. (Anim. Health Div.). CATTLE GRUBS (Hypoderma spp.) - ARIZONA - Light on backs of many cattle in Yavapai and Mohave Counties. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). OKLAHOMA - H. lineatum averaged less than 1 per head on 60 treated cattle in packing plant in Oklahoma County and 3 per head on 3 cows in Payne County; ranged 60-80 per head on untreated cattle in Woods County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). CATTLE LICE - OKLAHOMA - Moderate on Cherokee County cattle. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). ALABAMA - Annoying several beef herds in Lowndes County; treatment needed. (Mathews). IOWA - Bovicola bovis light on 3 of 9 cattle at locker plant in Granger, Dallas County; moderate on 2 of 4 head at a Missouri Valley slaughter- house in Harrison County. Haematopinus eurysternus moderate on 2 of 23 cattle checked in Dallas and Harrison Counties. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). HOG LOUSE (Haematopinus suis) - OKLAHOMA - Light on swine in Muskogee, Adair, and Delaware Counties. Okla. Coop. Sur.). NORTHERN FOWL MITE (Ornithonyssus sylviarum) - ARKANSAS - Collected on poultry in Pike County by J. E. Roberts. This is new county record. (Boyer). = 26) 5 TROPICAL RAT MITE (Ornithonyssus bacoti) - MARYLAND - Biting humans in apartment house in Havre de Grace, Harford County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). EAR TICK (Otobius megnini) - CALIFORNIA - Very heavy on 400 dairy animals in Tracy, San Joaquin County; treatments begun. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). BROWN DOG TICK (Rhipicephalus sanguineus) - MARYLAND - Infesting .dogs and homes in Baltimore and Silver Spring, Montgomery County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). ARIZONA - Active in many backyards of Phoenix area, Maricopa County; control information requested. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). SCYTODID SPIDERS (Loxosceles spp.) - ALABAMA - L. reclusa collected in several Fayette County homes Since initial find November 23. (Pitts). CALIFORNIA - L. unicolor collected under trash in abandoned building in Vidal Junction, San Bernardino County, January 12. (Smith, Vector Cont.). BLACK WIDOW SPIDER (Latrodectus mactans) - ARIZONA - Present in storage sheds and unused facilities in Phoenix area, Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). MISCELLANEOUS WILD PLANTS THREE-CORNERED ALFALFA HOPPER (Spissistilus festinus) - ARIZONA - Heavy on little mallow, Malva parviflora, bordering tilled and untilled fields in Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). BROWN GARDEN SNAIL (Helix aspersa) - CALIFORNIA - Moderate in weeds and grass in Manhattan Beach, Los Angeles County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). STORED PRODUCTS ALMOND MOTH (Cadra cautella) - CALIFORNIA - Heavy in Carpenteria, Santa Barbara County, and in residence in Rialto, San Bernardino County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). ALABAMA - Heavy in stored peanuts at home in Lee County. (McQueen, Jan. 12). A DERMESTID BEETLE (Trogroderma parabile) - CALIFORNIA - Larvae moderate in barley and lettuce seed in Seed house in El Centro and grain warehouse in Imperial, Imperial County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). BENEFICIAL INSECTS A DAMSEL BUG (Nabis ferus) - ARIZONA - Averaged 15 per 100 sweeps on alfalfa and 20 per 100 sweeps on sugarbeets in Pinal County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). GREEN LACEWINGS (Chrysopa spp.) - ARIZONA - Averaged 50 per 100 sweeps on Pinal County sugarbeets. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). FEDERAL AND STATE PLANT PROTECTION PROGRAMS CITRUS WHITEFLY (Dialeurodes citri) - CALIFORNIA - Total of 8 blocks infested of ol blocks inspected in Sacramento area, Sacramento County; no new finds in Fresno district, Fresno County; controls restricted due to poor weather. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). WHITE GARDEN SNAIL (Theba pisana) - CALIFORNIA - First application of poison bait 70 percent complete in Manhattan Beach project area, Los Angeles County; no live Snails found for eighth consecutive week. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). > AG) & HAWAII INSECT REPORT Vegetables - GREEN PEACH APHID (Myzus persicae) moderate to heavy, 20-40 per leaf, On bell pepper in Hauula and Kahuku, Oahu. (Sato). CABBAGE APHID (Brevicoryne brassicae) light on cauliflower in Pulehu and in backyard cabbage plantings in Makawao and Kahului, Maui. (Miyahira). CARMINE SPIDER MITE (Tetranychus telarius) moderate to heavy on snap beans in Waianae, Oahu; light to moderate on snap beans in Waimanalo. (Yamamoto, Funasaki). Fruits - MANGO FLOWER BEETLE (Protaetia fusca) adults light on flowering mango trees in Kahului, Maui, and Waimanalo, Oahu; expected to be common on mango blossoms next few months. (Funasaki, Miyahira). Ornamentals - AN APHID (Cupressobium maui) moderate on Mexican cypress, Cupressus Tusitanica, September 11, 1967, in Hilo, Hawaii Island, for new host and island records. Only previous record for this species was on Japanese cedar, Cryptomeria japonica, on Maui in 1964. (Yamayoshi). Beneficial Insects - Adults of a REDUVIID BUG (Polididus armatissimus) taken at Tight in Lihue, Kauai, November 15, 1967, for new island record. Previously found only on Hawaii and Oahu Islands. (Bianchi). Miscellaneous Pests - LIVERFLUKE SNAIL (Lymnaea ollula) moderate to heavy in taro patches at Keanae and Waihee, Maui. A predacious SCIOMYZID FLY, Sepedon macropus, light in area. (Miyahira). INSECT DETECTION New County and Island Records CLOVER SEED WEEVIL (Miccotrogus picirostris) - MISSOURI - St. Louis County. (p. 36). NORTHERN FOWL MITE (Ornithonyssus sylviarum) - ARKANSAS - Pike County. (p. 39). AN APHID (Cupressobium maui) - HAWAII - Hawaii Island. (p. 40). A REDUVIID BUG (Polididus armatissimus) - HAWAII - Kauai Island. (p. 40). CORRECTIONS CEIR 18(2):16 - An ICHNEUMON WASP (Mesoleius tenthredinus) - WEST VIRGINIA - Change -Barstow to Bartow for both notes on page 16. CEIR 17(48):1035 - A CHIGGER MITE (Neotrombicula cavicola) should read (Neotrombicula dinehartae). (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). LIGHT TRAP COLLECTIONS FLORIDA - Sanford - 1/8-11, BL - Black cutworm (Agrotis ipsilon) 3, cabbage looper (Trichoplusia ni) 5, fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) 2, granulate cutworm (Feltia subterranea) 27, tobacco budworm (Heliothis virescens) l, yellow-striped armyworm (Prodenia ornithogalli) 2. TEXAS - Brownsville - 1/6-12, 2 BL, 32-60°F., precip. 0.34 in. - Armyworm (Pseudaletia unipuncta) 336, black cutworm 407, cabbage looper 18, fall armyworm 3, granulate cutworm 55, salt- marsh caterpillar (Estigmene acrea) 115, tobacco budworm 4, variegated cutworm (Peridroma saucia) 64, yellow-striped armyworm 144. =n au eS WEATHER OF THE WEEK ENDING JANUARY 22 HIGHLIGHTS: A warming trend brought unseasonably mild temperatures. Heavy rains soaked the northern Pacific coast and parts of Texas. PRECIPITATION: Rain fell almost every day along the northern Pacific coast. Weekly totals ranged from over 12 inches on the Olympic Peninsula to 2 inches along the coast of northern California. Daily totals of 4 to 8 inches on the Olympic Peninsula and the western slope of the Cascades sent the rivers to near or above flood stage by end of week. Heavy rains beginning Thursday over northern, central, and south-central Texas swelled the rivers producing the worst floods since September 1967 when Hurricane Beulah moved inland near Brownsville. Weekly totals below San Antonio exceeded 10 inches. Several persons drowned and damage was preliminarily estimated at $3 million. Clear skies prevailed from southern California and Arizona to the northern Great Plains and the Great Lakes and from the lower Mississippi River Valley to the Atlantic coast. These areas received no precipitation or only light sprinkles or snow flurries. Much of snow in the northern Great Plains disappeared during the week. Light rain or snow fell over the northern Rockies, the upper Ohio River Valley, and the Northeast. TEMPERATURE: The week began cold. A warming trend over most of the Nation ended a cold spell that had persisted for several weeks. Much of the northern and central Great Plains averaged 10° to 20° above normal. The warming trend over the East-central and Southeast began about midweek and continued through weekend. The temperature climbed to 65° at Richmond, Virginia, on Sunday. The nights continued cool over the Southeast with subfreezing early morning temperatures common in Georgia and the Carolinas through the entire week. In spite of warm afternoons late in week, the East-central and Southeast averaged a few degrees cooler than normal. A large snow-covered area in the southern Rockies averaged much colder than normal. This area warmed little during the daytime and tempera- tures dropped to near or below zero at night. Winslow, Arizona, averaged 21° cooler than normal. (Summary supplied by Environmental Data Service, ESSA.) Weather continued from page 34. = Gi) = Status of the European Corn Borer in 1967 U Introduction: Cooperating agencies in 16 States reported on surveys conducted in their States to determine the abundance of European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis (Hubner)) in 1967. All survey data, summaries, or records of field observations were Submitted to Survey and Detection Operations in Hyattsville, Maryland, for final processing. Personnel of Entomology Research Division, Agricultural Research Service, kindly reviewed the material after completion. The 1967 European corn borer survey was conducted during the late summer and fall. The survey is designed to measure the fall populations of European corn borer larvae and is conducted during a favorable time to include a high percentage of late instars, wherever possible. In all cases, except for some minor differences in compiling data, the accepted survey methods were followed. The survey was continued on a district basis whenever possible in 1967. A district is usually a group of counties within a State, in most cases based on Crop Reporting Districts. In 1966, several of the States reduced the number of districts and/or the number of counties within districts. This change was followed during the 1967 survey. These changes were indicated in Tables 1 and 2 as footnotes in CEIR 17(4) :46-52, 1967. New Distribution: European corn borer was reported for the first time from only 2 counties during 1967 according to ARS records. These counties, Burke and Divide, are in the northwest corner of North Dakota. The pest has now been reported from all counties in the State. This was 16 less counties than reported the previous year. Eighteen new counties were reported in 1966 from North Dakota and South Carolina. This compares with 11 new counties in 1965, all in South Carolina; 5 new counties in 3 States in 1964, 25 new counties in 1963, 4 in 1962, 15 in 1961, and 6 in 1960. Abundance: Generally, the abundance of European corn borer larvae decreased in those States reporting in 1967, although there was a slight increase in Wisconsin. Populations were less than half those of 1966 in 6 of the 11 North Central States included in the survey. Substantial decreases were noted in Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, Ohio, and South Dakota. Populations were lower in ail districts surveyed in Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, and North Dakota. In South Dakota, an increase was noted in the northeast district where the 1967 average of 155 borers per 100 stalks is the highest count in this area for the past 5 years. The borer population in Hall County, Nebraska, was the lowest in 13 years. Populations in Wisconsin increased over 1966 in the northwest district and are sufficiently high that economic populations may occur in 1968. Populations were below 100 borers per plant in 66 of the 72 districts surveyed in the 11 North Central States. Populations above this level were found in southeast Missouri, southeast Iowa, northeast and north-central South Dakota, southeast North Dakota, and northwest Wisconsin. The population in Arkansas was much lower than in 1966, and lower in Maryland and Delaware than last year. aly Survey data provided by State agricultural agencies. Data compiled and summarized by Survey and Detection Operations, Plant Pest Control Division, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. *pakaaans S}OTIYSTp uo peseq vyoYed yANoOS pue otyO /E -296T UJTM UOSTaeduod oF peysnCpe 996 TOF SeanSty sesuey /Z *peASAINS S}OTAYSTp uo paseq asetoAe pdazYUSTOM pt €1 a4 T VUOUTOA ST UP T uestTyotN s1eq70 8 EL € IL 8 € It EL € sesueyty uzroyyzNog LG OGL [To Beteay GL 690 GL €9OV GL T240L og LZ 6. Zs Of @ ZS LZ 6 UTSUOOSTM SL 9FL 9 GE BZ 9 GE OPT 9 /gerored 4yNOS LI 6€ G €€ LT c SG 6€ G /Ego F440 TOL O6L T Gc TOL iT ¢c O6T I vyoyed YION Lv O€T Gc 9G LV G 9% O€T Gc eyselqon SOT 666 Gc LG SOL Gc 9G 666 Gc TINOSSTW €G 9G ZL VE €S LZ VE 9S L Be yOsSeuUuTN Tv 661 € LG UP € VG 6GL € /Gresued GG ev. GL 66 GG GL 66 Er OL eMot Gé VP GL G6 cE GL 66 VP CL evuetpul 09 SIL LZ 6€ 09 L LE Sil L STOUTTTI TerzUueD YION LLT 90% /Taseroay 9T v 9T 574 Te10L Ort Sgt € eG OPT € eT Sst € puelAren tom 4 LOE T € €ls I € LOE I aremeplod uloySeq LO6T 996T > gequnN : poAseAIng: SiUeTd OOT: pakaeaang: pekoaing: siUeTd OOT: poaeAsaeaans: so7e419 S1UCTd OOL Jed StotOog : : Set .UNOD: I3ad :S1]OTIZSTG: sotyzunog: Idd + S}JOTIZSTA: 8 g JO °ON: SaJazro0g fo: JO °ON: Fo “ON: Siar1o0og jo: Jo °ON: sieak y30q poAaarng 8 :°ON OSBIOAV: : : °ON oOSeIOAV: 5 setyunop IO s10T411STq eTqereduog: LO6IT 8 61 9961 TOF eyed YITM pateduoD ‘296T FO TLed ‘UTOD UT eouepunqy Jezog ur09 ueedorng Fo sazeig Aq ATewwng “T eTqeL SAE Table 2 - European Corn Borer Abundance in Corn, Fall of 1967, Compared with Data for 1966 iS italic nnn ln in AVeracemNunber il—~nS tall lll i=in itll li = TTA Vera ccm N timo eis (Districts of Borers Per ;: (Districts :of Borers Per or Counties) 100 Plants : or Counties) : 100 Plants 1966 1967: :1966 1967 Arkansas Iowa (Ark. Ins. Sur.) (State Dept. of Agr.; Ext Se. ce Hniby) Depite. Northwest 4 8 Iowa State Univ.; ENT, North Central 0) 0 ARS, USDA) Northeast 215 17 District I 134 Shik Average 73 8 District TIE 94 20 District III 61 45 Delaware District IV 130 59 (Agr. Expt. Sta.) District V 114 50 District VI 49 35 New Castle 126 203 District VII 152 31 Kent 437 208 District VIII 120 78 Sussex 358 228 District) 1X 174 96 District xX 142 34 Average 307 213 District XI 194 74 District XII 351 107 Illinois a om (Natural History Survey, Average 143 55 Ext. Ser.) Kansas Northwest 98 57 (ins. Sur.) Northeast 47 32 West 249 99 Northeast 274 64 Central 267 90 North Central 31 39 East 41 29 East Central 81 30 West-southwest 74 79 ag ra East-southeast _4A7 52 Average 1292/ 442/ Average 118 63 Maryland (120)2/ (63)1/ QGermmExt. Sers. Ins. Sur.) Indiana (Ext. Ser., Expt. Sta.) Eastern Shore 305 144 Southern area 121 161 North-northwest 60 80 Western and Central North-northcentral 119 66 areas 129 115 North-northeast ial 34 er er Northwest 33 13 Average 185 140 North Central 24 8 Northeast 23 16 Michigan Southwest 26 42 (Tins. Sur.) South Central 21 26 Southeast 25 29 Surveyed Counties 44 South-southwest ak 32 South-southcentral 61 53 (No survey conducted in 1966) South-southeast _59 25 Average 44 35 1/ Average based on 37 counties surveyed ‘in 1966 and 40 counties in 1967, rather than districts. 2/ Kansas figures for 1966 adjusted for comparison with 1967. Table 2 - (Continued) = 0415 = State sAverage Number: State :Average Number (Districts :of Borers Per (Districts :of Borers Per or Counties) 100 Plants or Counties) 100 Plants 967: 21966 Minnesota Ohio (State Dept. Agr.) (Ext. Ser.; ARS, USDA Southwest 66 19 Northwest 55 25 South Central 51 16 West Central 34 15 Southeast 24 15 Central 23 18 West Central 56 60 Southwest 40 12 Central 26 37 Northeast 44 15 East Central 15 18 ani Mer Northwest 152 209 Average 39 "/ ae Tc (42)3/ (18)3/ Average 56 53 South Dakota Missouri (Agr. Expt. Sta., Ext. Ser) (Ext. Ser., Ins. Sur.) North Central 172 145 District I 369 95 Northeast 100 155 District II 310 86 Central 122 13 District III 381 87 East Central 259 64 District Vv 238 92 Southeast 214 92 District IX 199 163 South Central a) a Average 299 105 Average 146 78 Nebraska Wisconsin (Agr. Expt. Sta., Ext. (State Dept. Agr.) Ser., Ins. Sur.) Northwest 9 38 Northeast 48 46 North Central 10 12 East 120 44 West Central 8 62 Southeast 210 60 Central 73 40 Central 233 44 Southwest 10 72 South 37 40 South Central 48 23 eo Dip, Southeast 39 10 Average 130 47 East Central 24 4 Northeast 18 7 North Dakota a (State Dept. Agr.) Average 27 30 Southeast 190 101 3/ Averages based on all samples rather than district averages. EVROPEAN CORN BORER ABUNDANCE FALL 1967 ‘pepeys jou 8961 Aaenuer ‘yasn ‘suy S¥eiv IOZ eTqettear g ; “Odd ‘suotzetedg uot}0e70q Sein3sty ON ‘zg dep pue AaaAang Aq paazedead dey 00F - TOE eel 00E - 10z HH 002 - TOT oot - 0 =) AG Z96L 11V4 JINVGNNGVY AWAYOEd NAYOD NWIadown 8961 ‘8b-Zb' (b) 81 *qdy ‘sul ‘uooq *doop ‘ady “3deq ‘s'n p(t 8961 Arunuee rd yasn ‘eofTAreg yotvesey [ean}[Noyasy fh i UOTSTATG [01}U0D 4Sadq UBTd suo}}¥iedQ uoyz90}0qg pue AdAang uy poxudorg feceayrei Wem) a) so eeens worm xx eatzanoo MMM pes se 6 dvi ae ANl| Vy "3 o Se fer YH RY Wi YY, MY Le Wy: YY HY Hi) iy (c=\ MSPS My Ui cal / ' Uf yy y Ti MY oy eran $ 7 oy aoa Ses Li | Wi Yh HY Tr ta [=A “hin CT) YW wy nly y Z| Wy Ly Hy Wee / Sy Wy Mp yy My é UT ie GUM WY Wy 4 py Up Wh / Lin if Yi YW ii, YU Lf LYM, YY 4 Ve yl Ye Wi] a {== "WLU My YM) Hy LUMA, = UY YY YY jh, Lip My Le Vy G; HA Se Ce A Midd oA (‘S Uf LO Yi iy 1); yy Vf Hea Wy ao, 7 aN MN) UU, Sarena yayod NYOO NWad0unF Vea Vi Wy HN) . N on . ae ey, } 0001 | | } | EPT ENTOM~ a Oo 4 = O ARY VOL. 18 No. 5 February 2, 1968 oF S03, C77 Sth Cooperative ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT Issued by PLANT PEST CONTROL DIVISION AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE PLANT PEST CONTROL DIVISION SURVEY AND DETECTION OPERATIONS The Cooperative Economic Insect Report is issued weekly as a service to American Agriculture. Its contents are compiled from information supplied by cooperating State, Federal, and industrial entomologists and other agricultural workers. In releasing this material the Division serves as a clearing house and doesnot assume responsibility for ac- curacy of the material. All reports and inquiries pertaining to this release, including the mailing list, should be sent to: Survey and Detection Operations Plant Pest Control Division Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agricuiture Federal Center Building Hyattsville, Maryland 20782 Volume 18 February 2, 1968 Number 5 COOPERATIVE ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT HIGHLIGHTS Current Conditions GREEN PEACH APHID heavy on sugarbeets in Maricopa County, Arizona; moderate on spinach in Wicomico County, Maryland. (p. 52). CALIFORNIA FIVE-SPINED IPS killing ponderosa pines in Mendocino National Park, California. (p. 53). LONG-NOSED CATTLE LOUSE heavier than usual on cattle in northwestern Arkansas. (p. 54). Detection & A CYNIPID WASP reported in Florida; first record for North America. (p. 54). A DEER FLY reported for first time in Minnesota. (p. 53). For new county, parish, and island records see page 55. Special Reports The 1968 outlook for GRASSHOPPERS based on the 1967 adult survey see centerfold map. BOLL WEEVIL hibernation survey for fall of 1967 shows higher numbers than the fall of 1966 in the Coastal Plain of North and South Carolina, the southern tier of counties in Tennessee, all areas surveyed in Mississippi, and in central Texas. In Mississippi, except for Monroe County, there were more weevils present in every county in the fall of 1967 than in the fall of 1966. More weevils entered hibernation in central Texas than any year since 1959. Counts were lower in 1967 in south-central South Carolina, the Piedmont of the Carolinas, and north-central North Carolina. (p. 57). State Survey Coordinators. (p. 60). Reports in this issue are for week ending January 26 unless otherwise indicated. = AG) c 5 BO) oO CONTENTS Special Insects of Regional SiienachilcancenmetiecieaistictisienenRelenolcleleherekonokekel ol fel teRoRete NetOp Insects Affecting Corn, Sorghum, Sugarcane...........ol Deciduous Fruits and Nuts..........02 Small Cradnscaccccccdc0s0 000000000 0m! (CHIPS S ooo conod0cUoUGOD ODDO ODDD DOU Oe Turf, Pastures, RBangeland..........ol Ornamentals... ...c6.c01se ooo Forage LegumeS.........secccrsereseodl Forest and Shade TreeS.........6+++e0d Sugambee tS esscvelelele) vere cl cielo el sls elelele Man\ and WAnalmadisi 2c) orc ee) tele) elelolel ileOS General VegetableS.......e+eeccvees0e Stored Products........... So 000000 08%! Beneficial InNSEctS....cscccccccocvecscccresevseseseerrressessrercece ooa000 Du! Federal and State Plant Protection ProgramS......-scsercccsccceroreseerercers edt TUAGEOE WIA IOle os coeadobDoUUDUdUdOnoOOODO Ob ODD UDO OOOO dODOD DOD DUDdUOOb0006G000088 Corrections. SN Se Be aE SR AR HY a Seu eMet A asiclrau tala vee eee isc tcte ancveliol sviet siccitel a sieietioNeMemete pe Meret C. Light Trap Collections... ..s.++ssseeeeeeeeseeeees oT Ot OO Otioree 6 O'G00 0.0000 56 HAW AIMETN SSC ERED OIE ery crereieuelciele ele) cieicvensuonel shelelcnoiich el okeleycvonetene etevieiel oll notes ol -lsieleleetoRol-MeleN} 0 Boll Weevil Hibernation See - Fall 1967. Euclonahekaielotelcherelnenetey crete one suelsnon shel eneR RoR LOs4 State Survey CoordinatorsS......cccecserorsserseves CATO OTE CIO OLI OOOO O.O010.0'0 000.0 0 G0) Grasshopper Adult Survey - “Fall 1967-(map)- centerfold WEATHER OF THE WEEK ENDING JANUARY 29 HIGHLIGHTS: Temperatures averaged above normal from the Pacific coast to the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers and below normal southward and eastward from the Ohio River. Heavy snow fell in parts of the Sierras and Rockies; elsewhere precipita- tion was mostly light to moderate. PRECIPITATION: Light precipitation fell over the eastern half of the Nation early in the week. Snow flurries occurred near the Great Lakes with light rain or drizzle elsewhere at midweek. Moderate to heavy snow fell in the southern Appalachians and freezing rain slicked the roads and highways in northern Georgia and the western Carolinas. The weekend brought rainy, windy weather to the Oregon and California coast with heavy snow in the mountains of southern Oregon and northern California. Heavy snow fell in the Rockies -- 14 inches at West Yellow- stone, Montana, and Sunday morning Flagstaff, Arizona, measured 23 inches on the ground. Snow of varying intensity, mostly light to moderate, fell across the northern States from the Rocky Mountains to New England. Snow, sleet, freezing rain, and fog hampered highway travel over many areas from the Sierras to the Northeast. TEMPERATURE: Warm weather continued over the West until. a weekend cold wave brought an unseasonable chill to that area. Temperatures in the West averaged near or slightly above normal except along the northern Pacific coast and in some snow-covered parts of Arizona. It was the second warm week from the Rocky Mountains to the upper Great Lakes and southwardto Texas. This area was especially warm early in the week before an arctic blast ended the 4-day mild spell which oldtimers refer to as the "January thaw.'' By Wednesday morning the leading edge of the cold air had reached the Gulf of Mexico and subfreezing temperatures occurred from New Orleans, Louisiana, to the Florida Panhandle. Rapid weekend warming brought weekly average temperatures above normal. Much of the northern and central Great Plains averaged 10° to 17° warmer than normal. Mild temperatures also prevailed early and late in the week east of a line from western Lake Erie to the Mississippi River Delta but this area was also cold at midweek. It was the 5th consecutive week with below normal in the East, although it was the warmest of the past 5 weeks in some areas. (Summary supplied by Environmental Data Service, ESSA.) - sl - SPECIAL INSECTS OF REGIONAL SIGNIFICANCE GREENBUG (Schizaphis graminum) - NEW MEXICO - Counts per linear foot in barley ranged 5-15 near Artesia and 4-10 near Carlsbad, Eddy County; 8-21 near Roswell, Chaves County. (Mathews). OKLAHOMA - Light in Garfield and Payne County wheat; less than 5 per linear foot in wheat in Washington, Nowata, Craig, Ottawa, Rogers, and Mayes Counties with some damsel bugs present. Ranged 5-15 per linear foot in wheat and less than 5 per linear foot in barley in Wagoner County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). TEXAS - Activity unchanged throughout most of State due to unfavorable weather; activity decreased slightly in north-central area. (Turney, Almand). ARKANSAS - Absent to very light in wheat in northwest area; increase expected if weather continues moderate. (Boyer). KANSAS - Ranged 5-15 per row foot: in wheat in Rooks and Phillips Counties and averaged less than 5 per row foot in Smith and Osborne Counties; 40-50 per row foot in one Phillips County field. (Simpson). CORN LEAF APHID (Rhopalosiphum maidis) - NEW MEXICO - Ranged 10-20 per linear foot in barley near Artesia, Eddy County, and 0-30 near Roswell, Chaves County (Mathews); very light, 0-2 per field, in southern Dona Ana County barley. (N.M. Coop. Rpt.). CORN EARWORM (Heliothis zea) - NEW MEXICO - Larva found in alfalfa field near Fairacres, Dona Ana County. (N.M. Coop. Rpt.). SPOTTED ALFALFA APHID (Therioaphis maculata) - ARIZONA - Ranged 0-110 per 100 sweeps in alfalfa at Yuma, Yuma County. Ariz. Coop. Sur.). CORN, SORGHUM, SUGARCANE SORGHUM MIDGE (Contarinia sorghicola) - FLORIDA - Total of 36 specimens taken on sorghum at Kendall, Dade County, November 6, 1967, by P. Douthit. Det. by R. J. Gagné. (Wolfenbarger). These are first specimens from State in U.S. National Museum collection. (Fla. Coop. Sur.). SMALL GRAINS ENGLISH GRAIN APHID (Macrosiphum avenae) - MISSISSIPPI - Adults and nymphs moderate, 30-40 per square foot, on Oktibbeha County wheat. (Dinkins). WINTER GRAIN MITE (Penthaleus major) - TEXAS - Activity decreasing in north- central area due to heavy rains; damaging small grains in some Rolling Plains counties. (Turney, Almand). OKLAHOMA - Light in small grains in Garfield County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). TURF, PASTURES, RANGELAND A SNAIL (Rumina decollata) - ARIZONA - Feeding on dichondra lawn at residence in northwest Phoenix, Maricopa County. Det. by A. R. Mead. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). FORAGE LEGUMES PEA APHID (Acyrthosiphon pisum) - NEW MEXICO - Very light to light in alfalfa in Roswell, Chaves County, and Carlsbad and Artesia areas of Eddy County (Mathews) ; very light, 0-3 per field, in alfalfa in Mesilla Valley, Dona Ana County (Elson). OKLAHOMA - Light on alfalfa in Payne, Wagoner, and Washington Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). ARKANSAS - Absent to very light in alfalfa and vetch in northwest area; increase expected if weather continues moderate. (Boyer). MISSISSIPPI - Adults and nymphs averaged 30 per square foot on alfalfa and vetch in Oktibbeha County. (Dinkins). 5 Be THREE-CORNERED ALFALFA HOPPER (Spissistilus festinus) - ARIZONA - Ranged 30-130 per 100 sweeps in alfalfa in Yuma area, Yuma County; heaviest in older alfalfa. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). NEW MEXICO - Very light, O-1 per field, in Dona Ana County alfalfa. (Elson). LYGUS BUGS (Lygus spp.) - ARIZONA - Ranged 30-50 per 100 sweeps in alfalfa in Parker Valley, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - MISSISSIPPI - Adults averaged one per 10 square feet, and eggs and larvae averaged 5 and 8 per 200 stems, respectively, in Oktibbeha County alfalfa field. (Pitre). SUGARBEETS GREEN PEACH APHID (Myzus persicae) - ARIZONA - Heavy in 20-acre field in northwest Phoenix area, Maricopa County; light to heavy in most other fields in county. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). GENERAL VEGETABLES GREEN PEACH APHID (Myzus persicae) - MARYLAND - Moderate on spinach planting at Salisbury, Wicomico County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). ARIZONA - Light in many lettuce fields in northwest Phoenix area, Maricopa County; increasing slightly at Yuma, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). DECIDUOUS FRUITS AND NUTS A CERAMBYCID BEETLE (Prionus sp.) - PENNSYLVANIA - Damage serious to 2 and 3-year- old apple trees in 2 commercial orchards in Blair and Franklin Counties; 50 young trees killed due to underground larval feeding. (Gesell, Jan. 3). CITRUS Quarterly Citrus Insect and Mite Outlook in Florida - January through March - This SGnuEe is based on the aSsumption that weather beyond the period of the current U. S. Weather Bureau's 30-day Outlook will be normal. Therefore, the forecasts given below cannot be viewed with the same degree of confidence as those in the "Insect and Disease Summary" usually released twice each month by this station. CITRUS RUST MITE (Phyllocoptruta oleivora) will decrease from high January level until mid-March and will be above normal throughout period with about 25 percent of groves having heavy infestations. TEXAS CITRUS MITE (Eutetranychus banksi) will decrease in February then gradually increase at mid-March and will be above normal but at moderate level. About 10 percent of groves will have heavy infestations. CITRUS RED MITE (Panonychus citri) will change little from low population normal for period. Slight increase expected at mid-March and about 5 percent of groves will have heavy infestations. SIX-SPOTTED MITE (Eotetranychus sexmaculatus) will increase in few groves but is not expected to be damaging through March. GLOVER SCALE (Lepidosaphes gloverii) will increase gradually and is expected to approach the high range by March. PURPLE SCALE (L. beckii) will remain at moderate level. YELLOW SCALE (Aonidiella citrina) will increase slightly and will be in moderate abundance. BLACK SCALE (Saissetia oleae) expected to increase in February and subside in March and will be above normal abundance but will not become damaging through March. Infestations of an ARMORED SCALE (Unaspis citri) will continue to spread and intensify. APHIDS will start to appear in late February and increase rapidly in March. WHITEFLIES will be below normal and low with slight increase in March. (W. A. Simanton). > Yo AN ARMORED SCALE (Unaspis citri) - FLORIDA - Damage by all stages light to moderate on 90 of 900 Temple orange nursery trees at Clermont, Lake County. (Henderson). SOUTHERN FIRE ANT (Solenopsis xyloni) - CALIFORNIA - Moderate in citrus grove in Calexico, Imperial County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). ORNAMENTALS A SOFT SCALE (Ehrhornia cupressi) - CALIFORNIA - Moderate on juniper nursery stock in Sunland, Los Angeles County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). A PIT SCALE (Cerococcus deklei) - FLORIDA - Adults severe on stems of 342 of 427 hibiscus plants at nursery in Miami, Dade County, January 17. (Cervone). CUBAN-LAUREL THRIPS (Gynaikothrips ficorum) - CALIFORNIA - Moderate on Ficus retusa in San Francisco, San Francisco County, for a new county record. This is most northern find in State. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). AN ERIOPHYID MITE (Calacarus adornatus) - ALABAMA - Light on numerous camellia plants in central area; up to 100+ per leaf damaging few plants. (McQueen). FOREST AND SHADE TREES CALIFORNIA FIVE-SPINED IPS (Ips confusus) - CALIFORNIA - Killing several groups of small trees and young sawtimber ponderosa pines in 640-acre stand in Middle Creek area of Mendocino National Forest, Shasta County. (Bradley, USFS). A SPIDER MITE (Oligonychus subnudus) - CALIFORNIA - This species and Brevipalpus pini, a false spider mite, heavy on pine in Redwood City, San Mateo County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). MAN AND ANIMALS MOSQUITOES - CALIFORNIA - Overwintering females becoming active due to warm weather in Sacramento, Sacramento County; 95 percent Anopheles spp. and 5 percent Culex spp in area. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). A DEER FLY (Chrysops shermani) - MINNESOTA - Collected along Temperance River in Cook County, August 27, 1967, by E. U. Balsbaugh. Det. by L. L. Pechuman. This is a new State record. (Jones). COMMON CATTLE GRUB (Hypoderma lineatum) - OKLAHOMA - Rangéd 12-15 per head on untreated cows in packing plant in northeast area; less than one per head on treated cattle in panhandle area and moderate on Mayes County cattle. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). ARKANSAS - Ranged 0-4 (average 0.32) per head on 37 treated cattle and 3-55 (average 19) per head on 18 untreated cattle in 2 experimental Benton County herds; much heavier on untreated cattle than in past few years. (Simco). SCREW-WORM (Cochliomyia hominivorax) - No cases reported in U.S. January 21-27, 1968. Total of 69 cases reported in portion of Barrier Zone in Republic of Mexico as follows; Territorio sur de Baja California 17, Sonora 9, Chihuahua 14, Coahuila 7, Tamaulipas 22. Total of 14 cases reported in Mexico south of Barrier Zone. Barrier Zone is area where eradication operations underway to prevent establishment of self-sustaining population inU.S. Sterile screw- worm flies released: Texas 168,000, Mexico 83,046,000. (Amim. Health Div.). CATTLE LICE - IOWA - Bovicola bovis light on cattle in Dallas, Marion, Iowa, and Washington Counties. Solenopotes capillatus adults light on 2 head of cattle in Washington County. Haematopinus eurysternus light on cattle in these same counties, although moderate to heavy on 2 head in Marion County. Sy Ss Linognathus vituli adults found on cattle in Dallas, Marion, Iowa, and Washington Counties. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). ARKANSAS - L. vituli heavier than usual in northwest area; ranged 3-6 per Square inch on cattle in Boone County January 15-21. (Simco). BROWN RECLUSE SPIDER (Loxosceles reclusa) - ALABAMA - Specimen taken in home in Franklin County. (Arant, Ponder). STORED PRODUCTS INDIAN-MEAL MOTH (Plodia interpunctella) - MARYLAND - Infesting birdseed in building at Landover Hills, Prince Georges County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). IOWA - Present in homes in Osceola and Polk Counties. (Stockdale, Mast). MEDITERRANEAN FLOUR MOTH (Anagasta kuehniella) - PENNSYLVANIA - Heavy on stored wheat in Bedford County; webbing evident. (Gesell). DERMESTID BEETLES (Trogoderma spp.) - CALIFORNIA - T. simplex and T. parabile larvae moderate in rat bait at warehouse in Winters, Yolo County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). GRANARY WEEVIL (Sitophilus granarius) - MARYLAND - Heavy in stored barley on farm near Ellicott City, Howard County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). BENEFICIAL INSECTS A CYNIPID WASP (Pseudeucoila hookeri (Crawford)) - FLORIDA - Few specimens reared in bottle at Homestead, May 10, 1967, by R. M. Baranowski, presumably from field-collected Anastrepha suspensa pupae. Det. by B. D. Burks. P. hookeri originally described from Puerto Rico. This is a new record for North America. (Mead). There is a possibility P. hookeri may be a parasite of a species of Drosophilidae, as experience shows there is occasional contamination in rearing work. This possibility should be considered with the rearing of P. hookeri. Drosophila spp. in decaying fruit are given as hosts of P. bochei which is known to occur in the United States. (Muma). A LADY BEETLE (Mulsantina picta) - ALABAMA - Adults feeding on pine aphids in Lee County. Det. by E. A. Chapin. (McQueen). FEDERAL AND STATE PLANT PROTECTION PROGRAMS GRASSHOPPERS - NORTH DAKOTA - Total of 217,000 acres of cropland and 7,500 acres of rangeland with threatening or heavier infestations in southeastern, south- central, and southwestern areas during 1967 fall adult survey; light on 36,000 acres of rangeland in Ransom and Richland Counties. Total of 75,000 acres of cropland treated in State in 1967. (PPC Cent. Reg., Dec. Rpt.). CARIBBEAN FRUIT FLY (Anastrepha suspensa) - FLORIDA - Larvae heavy in fruit of Natal-plum, Carissa grandiflora, at Plantation, Broward County (O'Brien) ; adults trapped at numerous locations from Key West to Daytona Beach. Adults taken in McPhail and on stickyboard traps in Merritt Island, Cape Kennedy, and Daytona areas of Brevard and Volusia Counties January 17-24. (Fla. Coop. Sur.). GYPSY MOTH (Porthetria dispar) - NEW JERSEY - Extensions found in Warren, Atlantic, Burlington, and Gloucester Counties. PENNSYLVANIA - Egg clusters found at 5 positive and one negative trapping site in Pike County. (PPC East. Reg., Dec. Rpt.). IMPORTED FIRE ANT (Solenopsis saevissima richteri) - ALABAMA - Major problem in Bullock, Tallapoosa, and Coosa counties; very annoying in 14 other southeastern counties. (Bullington, Strickland). New infestations found in 9 of 19 counties > BRO inspected with important extensions in Marion, Cullman, Morgan, and Cleburne Counties; controls applied to 1,178 acres in 12 counties during December. FLORIDA - Found for first time in Taylor County. LOUISIANA - Total of 3,895 acres treated in 13 parishes during December. TEXAS - Taken in Houston and Kendall Counties for new county records; extensions near El Campo in Wharton County. (PPC South. Reg.). MEXICAN FRUIT FLY (Anastrepha ludens) - CALIFORNIA - Total of 1,231 sterile flies recovered in State during December; no unmarked adults or larvae recovered north of Mexican border in 1967. (PPC West. Reg.). PINK BOLLWORM (Pectinophora gossypiella) - NEW MEXICO - Found on lint cleaner glasses at gins in Dona Ana County (Hare); live larvae in bolls on ground (Elson). NEVADA - Larval recovery from gin trash inspections indicated light to moderate infestation in Pahrump Valley for 1967. CALIFORNIA - Total of 3 larvae taken in Cantil area and none taken in Bakersfield area during gin trash inspections in Kern County; no larvae found during green boll survey in San Benito County. Larval finds at Cantil first of season. ARIZONA - Light to very heavy in lint cleaners throughout State. (PPC West. Reg., Dec. Rpt.). OKLAHOMA - Larvae found in all 33 counties inspected; 1,167 taken in single cotton bale in Jefferson County highest count reported. TEXAS - Larvae taken from cotton gin at Spearman, Hansford County, for a new county record. Heavy in green and dry bolls in El Paso Valley. (PPC South. Reg., Dec. Rpt.). SWEETPOTATO WEEVIL (Cylas formicarius elegantulus) - LOUISIANA - Two infestations found in Caldwell Parish for a new parish record. (PPC South. Reg., Dec. Rpt.). INSECT DETECTION New North American Record A CYNIPID WASP (Pseudeucoila hookeri (Crawford)) - FLORIDA - Few specimens reared presumably from Anastrepha suspensa pupae at Homestead, Dade County, May 10, 1967, by R. M. Baranowski. Det. by B. D. Burks. (p. 54). New State Record A DEER FLY (Chrysops shermani) - MINNESOTA - Collected along Temperance River in Cook County, August 27, 1967, by E. N. Balsbaugh. Det. by L. L. Pechuman. (p. 53). New County, Parish, and Island Records CUBAN-LAUREL THRIPS (Gynaikothrips ficorum) - CALIFORNIA - San Francisco County. (Do, S83) 6 IMPORTED FIRE ANT (Solenopsis saevissima richteri) - FLORIDA - Taylor County. TEXAS - Houston and Kendall Counties. (p. 50). PINK BOLLWORM (Pectinophora gossypiella) - TEXAS - Hansford County. (p. 55). SWEETPOTATO WEEVIL (Cylas formicarius elegantulus) - LOUISIANA - Caldwell Parish. (p. 55). MAUNALOA BEAN BEETLE (Araeocorynus cumingi) - HAWAII - Kauai Island. (p. 56). A CONIFER APHID (Cinara carolina) - HAWAII - Hawaii Island. (p. 56). A HISTERID BEETLE (Hister nomas) - HAWAII - Maui Island. (p. 56). A HISTERID BEETLE (Pachylister caffer) - HAWAII - Maui Island. (p. 56). 562 HAWAII INSECT REPORT Vegetables - GIANT AFRICAN SNAIL (Achatina fulica) and BLACK SLUG (Veronicella leydigi) young and adults heavy in localized area of Waianae, Oahu; damage light to moderate to foliage and fruits of eggplant and bell pepper. (Olson, Funasaki). An ARMORED SCALE (Pinnaspis strachani) heavy on stems of eggplant in Kualoa, Oahu; many stems completely covered. (Sato, Funasaki). Ornamentals - Nymphs and adults of a PLATASPID BUG (Coptosoma xanthogramma) severe on mucuna throughout bayfront area in Hilo, Hawaii Island; mating noted. Adults heavy on hibiscus, moderate on African tuliptree, barringtonia, poinciana, and Surinam cherry, and light on various other plants in same area. (Yoshioka). A BARK BEETLE (Xylosandrus compactus) light on dendrobium and vanda orchids in Lihue, Kauai; new host records for island. Moderate on kolomona, Cassia glauca, in Kukuila, Kauai. (Davis). Larvae of a NOCTIUD MOTH (Achaea janata) heavy, 15 per plant, on crotons, roses, and several weed plants in Makakilo, Oahu; moving from weed area into house lots. Numerous on plants or dead on ground, probably due to disease. (Au). MAUNALOA BEAN BEETLE (Araeocorynus cumingi) heavy in maunaloa seeds in Nawiliwili, Kauai, for new island record. Previously found only on Oahu Island. (Davis). Forest and Shade Trees - A CONIFER APHID (Cinara carolina) heavy and damaging pines in Waimea, Hawaii Island, for a new island record. Previously recorded from Maui, Kauai, Molokai and Lanai Islands. (Yoshioka). Beneficial Organisms - Adults of 2 HISTERID BEETLES (Hister nomas and Pachylister Caffer) found for first time at Makena, Maui, November 1967. These are new island records. P. caffer previously found only on Hawaii Island and H. nomas on Oahu and Hawaii Islands. Larvae and adults are predacious on horn fly larvae. (Chong). ROSY PREDATOR SNAIL (Euglandina rosea) adults heavy in scattered areas at Peahi and Hamakuapoko, Maui; light but active from Waihee to Keanae. (Miyahira). Miscellaneous - Several adults of a GRASSHOPPER (Trimerotropis pallidipennis) taken in Sugarcane field near original infestation area at Ewa, Oahu. Adults of VAGRANT GRASSHOPPER (Schistocerca vaga) common in farming areas of Waianae, Oahu; crop damage negligible. (Olson et al.). LIGHT TRAP COLLECTIONS FLORIDA - Sanford - 1/17-19, BL - Cabbage looper (Trichoplusia ni) 1, granulate cutworm (Feltia subterranea) 11. TEXAS - Brownsville - 1/20-26, 2 BL, 44-78°F., precip. 0.80 in. - Armyworm (Pseudaletia unipuncta) 135, black cutworm (Agrotis ipsilon) 289, cabbage looper 4, fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) 2, granulate cutworm 29, salt-marsh caterpillar (Fstigmene acrea) 82, variegated cutworm (Peridroma saucia) 46, yellow-striped armyworm (Prodenia ornithogalli) 101. CORRECTIONS CEIR 17(8):117 - COCONUT SCALE (Aspidiotus destructor) - PENNSYLVANIA - should read AN ARMORED SCALE (Aspidiotus cryptomeriae). (Gesell). CEIR 17(51):1076 - QUINTANILLA, R.H. 1965......Should read QUINTANILLA, R.H. 1964... NT OF AGRICULTURE IRCH SERVICE L DIVISION | tions may be solid or spotted. y Pp [IN RED) REGION LANDOWNERSHIP — ACRES — ACREAGE BY REGIONS, FALL 1967 AND STATE New Mexico 3,511,000 Oregon 69,000 Utah 26,000 Washington 5,000 Wyoming 1,265,300 SOUTHERN | Oklahoma 1,004,500 Texas 2,188,960 Private and State Public Domain 590,500 16,700 25,000 20,000 199,500 *e, in cooperation with various State agencies concerned. » summer and fall of 1967. The survey reveals where and how many grasshoppers infest pring, determine population densities, and indicate those areas where control may be ce from Division and State personnel. The infested rangeland areas total 14,292,122 acres TOTAL ACRES 4,101,500 85,700 51,000 25,000 1,464,800 1,039,500 2,188,960 GPO 975-215 Oneeay CLC GRASSHOPPEI = arta FOO I 4 AS ae aed asa kg mae ee @ eo = g ar é ee Xo mony . i ee Oe ESE ee gl =] pass eon FT ear ge ei leone) ®D Pea] ree Coenen, din 03 cca x % hs peas SS = “Sol é asian, = ie Clan, Z = + @ e We: aloe c tine Sf Ny ‘ BOI ok Ara : == z mess Z : SES SS La@é e Cf ee She 0 ¢\& Ce = od ea One | e i @ = 2 i ° A owner ean LY oe " ! re) == to “y ; . =A % — 2 . vsenay ST y Gy ae te A @ oo id ira care nae “4 S&S ry wf tort J f . Cs, comune | : laste . toe é Uncotny y) ; et eee 4. 0 : pal ee an a | Porting Ron ‘ie we ewer Waren coswen $ 4 pen Pee Vina canon eS od es aN ae es ay sro WASATCH | i sy ASE wren cvomtsne i seme \ s aN moe 5 ies mate on ii SS dN — Bye = aim >S* Seve be DY Serre 5 DS =) als Ss Oe euery «| aeenie | oecarn oe aaa es aoe a Rone, &.. eae "4 : Z : 0 i. ae [aeons Beale ° “go — nd =e - Cunminoy — foaever euby HO eye EE a reas Co — moon C = ; om | t a a Seren =f 2 ran o Las an 7 ig a 2 uae rer : nin By Monae se to > a oA ns Yo Cree a Bw) “Facey Pavers ths | B oS ba NX Soe Ml ereces ioe ‘a 7 ; eS - ee care Py EY ©. See Yn! S © mmise Ps ye Cast Pescx = ed a sla fe a mere “ cy A e 5m | ens ld ay 2 a nea wae Ld ah 4 . F) Yee a = aa a i SS ilo leta|-| Sa i Srey t eal aale oe a 3to7 GRASSHOPPERS per square yard 8 or more GRASSHOPPERS per square yard NECESSITY FOR CONTROL ON CROP OR RANGELAND NEXT SEASON WILL DEPEND UPON TYPE OF HABITAT, SPECIES PRESENT, WEATHER, AND CONDITION OF VEGETATION. DETAILED INFORMATION CONCERNING THE GRASSHOPPER PROBLEM IN SPECIFIC AREAS CAN BE OBTAINED FROM STATE PEST CONTROL OFFICIALS, COUNTY AGENTS, AND PLANT PEST CONTROL DIVISION PERSONNEL, PREPARED IN PPC, ARS, USDA NOVEMBER 22, 1967 oy ULT SURVEY IYO? vei|[ joe ae SEE REVERSE SIDE | : | i 3to 7 GRASSHOPPERS per square yard 8 or more GRASSHOPPERS per square yard NECESSITY FOR CONTROL ON CROP OR RANGELAND NEXT SEASON WILL DEPEND UPON TYPS OF MABITAT, SPECIES PRESENT, WEATHER, AND CONDITION OF VEGSTATION , DETALLED INFORMATION CONCERNING THE GRASSRKOPPER PROBLEM IN SPECIFIC ARBAS CAN BE OBTAINED FROM STATS PSST CONTROL OFFICIALS, COUNTY AGENTS, AND PLANT PSST CONTROL DIVISION PERSONNEL. PREPARED IN PPC, ARS, USDA NOVEMBER 22, 1967 GRASSHOPPER 4DULT PL 1997 SURVEY SEE REVERSE SIDE UNITED STATES DEPA AGRICULTURA PLANT PEST TO COOPERATORS: This map is based upon the results of cooperative grasshopper adult surveys made during an area, and indicates the potential severity of investations for 1968. Nymphal surveys, made necessary in 1968. Control on grasshopper infested croplands will be handled by the farmers with technical in 16 Western and Midwestern States. Areas on the map are diagrammatic. Within these areas, RANGELAND GRASSHOPPER INFESTA (AREAS LANDOWNERSHIP — ACRES REGION TOTAL AND STATE ACRES Private and State Public Domain CENTRAL Kansas 625,000 | Nebraska 1,535,000 — North Dakota 7,500 | WESTERN Arizona 79,000 California 190,530 Colorado 746,052 Idaho 134,300 Montana 1,969,200 Nevada 49,080 The survey was planned and performed by the Plant Pest Control Division, Agricultural Resear | Boll Weevil Hibernation Survey - Fall 1967 The fall collections of surface ground (woods) trash samples (two square yards per sampte) have been completed in 6 Southern States by State and Federal agencies to determine the number of boll weevil (Anthonomus grandis) adults that went into hibernation. yee a wn, sae VOL.18 No. 7 February 16, 1968 Shas Gal a Cif Cy d Cooperative ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT Issued by PLANT PEST CONTROL DIVISION AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE PLANT PEST CONTROL DIVISION SURVEY AND DETECTION OPERATIONS The Cooperative Economic Insect Report is issued weekly as a service to American Agriculture. Its contents are compiled from information supplied by cooperating State, Federal, and industrial entomologists and other agricultural workers. In releasing this material the Division serves as a clearing house and does not assume responsibility for ac- curacy of the material. All reports and inquiries pertaining to this release, including the mailing list, should be sent to: Survey and Detection Operations Plant Pest Control Division Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Federal Center Building Hyattsville, Maryland 20782 Volume 18 February 16, 1968 Number 7 COOPERATIVE ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT HIGHLIGHTS Current Conditions GREEN PEACH APHID colonies heavy on sugarbeets in Maricopa County and controls underway on lettuce and carrots in Yuma County, Arizona. (p. 76). CITRUS RUST MITE highest for January in 17 years of record on Florida citrus. (p. 76). CITRUS RED MITE situation very serious on citrus in Yuma County, Arizona. (p. 77). CECIDOMYIID MIDGES heavy on Douglas-fir in Six Rivers National Forest, California. (p. 78). EAR TICK and A SUCKING LOUSE reponsible for death of numerous deer in Kern County, California. (p. 79). A GRASS WEBWORM found for first time on Kauai, Hawaii. Previously reported from Oahu. (p. 81). Detection FACE FLY reported for first time in Nevada. (p. 79). For new county and island records see page 80. Special Reports Scientific Name Change. (p. 81). Summary of Insect Conditions in Hawaii - 1967. (p. 82). Infestations of Lepidopterous Larvae in Arkansas. (p. 86). Reports in this issue are for week ending February 9 unless otherwise indicated. oa Feo = Ga = CONTENTS Special Insects of Regional Significance........... O0o000000000000000 sh oteReneeienenandse) Insects Affecting Syiellil Creal ooanacc00000 pOoDDDD000 75 Deciduous Fruits and Nuts..........76 Forage Legumes.......... go00000cd 00ND O@lEEWSooocoDDoDDODODDND sndcao0D0b0000Te Suearb eet slerciretclcnekersite)uelsletalenenarcneneneteusl © OrnamenttailshicrencneierokohelchensHelnenonel coo000UU COLE GeO 6 og00006000000 600000000008 Forest and Shade Trees.........+.++0/8 General Vegetables........202+20+06 Main anid! Ama maHlishn sci. ce) leleleborcrenenelcenet mente Beneficial Insects........ : DOGo0OOUOOObDO G0 OO ODO0UN BOO OUR GO00G000000000000 -.19 Federal and State Plant Protection PIMOYAISEIIS 5 Goo OO ddDOOODGDDDUON Saiolo Galo did o00 00:0 US) IGNSIAO IHESOBION5 oco0cn000000000 S00 D0 DODD OOO O00 doc0odoe S00000000005000000 72. .80 Corrections. 6000000000000'0 Sob000D0 0000000000 DT HOOD DDADGD000000 DouoouGodoO ooo ce) Light Trap Golnlectionse F Aiatio eter cizaholtel clioviehet siecaviah snevehates Lea REECE CCLRC OREO COOOL 00-0 0/00) Hawaii Insect Report....... DOOOCKUODOOOOUUOROOOOOGHOOODDOOOOGOON OD Cob000000 ee Ol Scientific Name Change. DOD ODO DDOODOODOODOODDODOUUOODDOUODUOUOONDDNDOONDN padcon coed Summary of Insect Conditions in “Hawaii = 1967. 5.00000 oa00c00000 BOO OODIOO 0000 OR Infestations of Lepidopterous Larvae in Arkansas. paoDDDDONDDDDDDODRDODODNDNDNN 5000 Deke) WEATHER OF THE WEEK ENDING FEBRUARY 12 HIGHLIGHTS: Mild weather continued over most of the West as biting cold swept southward over the East. Most of the Nation received only sparce precipitation. PRECIPITATION: Florida received light spotty showers on Monday, February 5, while light freezing rain or freezing drizzle fell over the northern Great Plains and Great Lakes region and light snow flurries occurred in New England. At mid- week, snow fell from the upper Great Lakes to the middle Mississippi River Valley. Sault Sainte Marie, Michigan, received 6 inches of snow on Wednesday. A band of snow 200 miles wide extended from Upper Michigan and northern Lower Michigan to central Alabama and Georgia. On Thursday a storm brought snow flurries to northern and central Florida, with heavier snow northward along the Atlantic coast to New Jersey. Savannah, Georgia, received 3.5 inches of snow on Thursday setting a new alltime record. The storm continued up the coast and snow became general over the weekend in New England. Brisk northwesterly winds swirled snow along the southern and eastern shores of the Great Lakes. Other important pre- cipitation occurred shortly after midweek when rains fell from California to southern Texas. Tonopah, Nevada, received 1.28 inches on Friday and Saturday. TEMPERATURE: Mild temperatures continued for the fourth consecutive week from the Pacific Ocean to the western Great Plains. North-central Washington, north-central Montana, and portions of the Great Basin averaged 6° to 12° above normal. In sharp contrast, temperatures from Wisconsin to Texas and eastward to the Atlantic coast averaged below normal. The East turned cooler early in the week when strong northerly winds sent a wintry blast from the upper Midwest to the Gulf of Mexico. Freezing temperatures occurred along the gulf coast. Tampa, Florida, registered minimums in the 30's on 4 consecutive days and minimums in the 20's were common in Alabama on 1 or 2 days. Subzero weather occurred from the northern Great Plains to New England and in the northern Appalachians. Inter- national Falls, Minnesota, registered 25° below zero on Friday and Saturday mornings. Elkins, West Virginia, recorded 0° on Saturday. As the week ended, frigid air continued to pour into the East, and Houlton, Maine, was register- ing 18° below zero. (Weather supplied by Environmental Data Service, ESSA.). a 7 SPECIAL INSECTS OF REGIONAL SIGNIFICANCE ARMY CUTWORM (Chorizagrotis auxiliaris) - KANSAS - Light, less than 1 per 10 row feet, in many wheat fields in Grant, Stevens, Seward, and Meade Counties. Larvae feeding at soil surface but little damage evident. (Simpson). OKLAHOMA - Averaged 1 per 5 linear feet in Noble County wheat. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). CORN LEAF APHID (Rhopalosiphum maidis) - NEW MEXICO - Generally light on barley and wheat in Luna and Hidalgo Counties. (Campbell). GREENBUG (Schizaphis graminum) - NEW MEXICO - Ranged 8-20 per linear foot in most barley fields in Roswell, Chaves County, and Carlsbad, Eddy County; 40-60 per linear foot in one field. (Mathews). OKLAHOMA - Counts per linear foot in wheat by county: Tillman and Jefferson 0-55; Atoka, Coal, and Wagoner less than 5; Payne 5; Major 3. Ranged from less than 5 to 20 per linear foot in south-central counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). ARKANSAS - Surveys negative in wheat in southeast and northeast areas; light, less than 100 per 100 sweeps, in Pope County. (Boyer). KANSAS - Light, 1-10 per row foot, in most wheat fields in Finney, Kearny, Grant, Stevens, Seward, Meade, Clark, and Comanche Counties. None found in Kingman, Pratt, and Edwards Counties. (Simpson). SPOTTED ALFALFA APHID (Therioaphis maculata) - ARIZONA - Ranged 0-40 per 100 sweeps in Yuma County alfalfa and 0-20 in most Maricopa County alfalfa; 150-200 per 100 sweeps in few fields in Litchfield, Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). NEW MEXICO - Very light on alfalfa around Carlsbad, Eddy County (Mathews), and on alfalfa in Dona Ana, Luna, and Hidalgo Counties (Campbell). ARKANSAS - Survey negative in Conway County. (Boyer). SMALL GRAINS ENGLISH GRAIN APHID (Macrosiphum avenae) - MISSISSIPPI - Light to moderate on winter wheat in Webster County. (Dinkins). ARKANSAS - Occasional aphid found in wheat in southeast and northeast areas; 50-75 per 100 sweeps in Pope County. (Boyer). OKLAHOMA - Averaged one per linear foot in Noble County wheat. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). WINTER GRAIN MITE (Penthaleus major) - OKLAHOMA - Averaged 20 per linear foot in Noble County wheat; light in Payne County wheat. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). KANSAS - Very light in few wheat fields in Pratt, Kiowa, and Comanche Counties. (Simpson). FORAGE LEGUMES PEA APHID (Acyrthosiphon pisum) - ARIZONA - Ranged 0-610 per 100 sweeps in alfalfa at Yuma County and 10-200 per 100 sweeps in Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). NEW MEXICO - Very light to light on most alfalfa in State. (N.M. Coop. Rpt.). OKLAHOMA - Ranged 125-150 per square foot in newly seeded alfalfa field in Major County, light in Johnston and Garvin County alfalfa,and 4-5 per square foot in Payne County alfalfa. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). ARKANSAS - Ranged 10-15 per Square foot in Conway County alfalfa. (Boyer). MISSISSIPPI - Adults and nymphs light, 10-15 per square foot, on alfalfa in Oktibbeha County. (Dinkins). THREE-CORNERED ALFALFA HOPPER (Spissistilus festinus) - ARIZONA - Averaged 120 per 100 sweeps in alfalfa field in Yuma, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). = WE = ALFALFA WEEVILS (Hypera spp.) - CALIFORNIA - H. brunneipennis moderate and active earlier than uSual in 80-acre alfalfa field in Holtville, Imperial County; an ichneumon wasp,Bathyplectes curculionis, moderate in same field. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). ARIZONA - H. brunneipennis ranged 0-20 per 100 sweeps on alfalfa in Yuma County and 10-20 per 100 Sweeps in some fields near Williams Air Force Base, Maricopa County; few larvae active in alfalfa terminals. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). MISSISSIPPI - H. postica larvae light, 1-5 per square foot, in Oktibbeha County alfalfa field. (Dinkins). CLOVER SEED WEEVIL (Miccotrogus picirostris) - MISSOURI - Swept from red clover June 15, 1967, at Memphis, Scotland County, by R. E. Munson and L. R. Hanning. Det. by W. S. Craig. This is a new county record. (Munson). LYGUS BUGS (Lygus spp.) - ARIZONA - Ranged 0-60 per 100 sweeps in alfalfa at Yuma County and 30 per 100 sweeps in.Maricopa County; nymphs dominant. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). NEW MEXICO - Light on alfalfa in all alfalfa-growing areas. (N.M. Coop. Rpt.). THRIPS (Frankliniella spp.) - ARIZONA - Ranged 200-500 in few alfalfa fields in Litchfield and Peoria areas, Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). SUGARBEETS GREEN PEACH APHID (Myzus persicae) - ARIZONA - Colonies heavy in many Maricopa County fields. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). COLE CROPS VEGETABLE WEEVIL (Listroderes costirostris obliquus) - ALABAMA - Larvae very heavy and pupae numerous in turnip planting in garden in Geneva County; plants killed. Larvae light and damaging leaves of turnips, mustard, and cabbage in home garden in Lee County; some adults present. (Nall et al.). GENERAL VEGETABLES GREEN PEACH APHID (Myzus persicae) - ARIZONA - Controls underway on lettuce and carrots in Yuma, Yuma County. Ariz. Coop. Sur.). THRIPS (Frankliniella spp.) - ARIZONA - Present on lettuce in Yuma County; 5 per plant in certain area of Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). NEW MEXICO - Light on onions in Mesilla Valley. (Elson). DECIDUOUS FRUITS AND NUTS WHITE PEACH SCALE (Pseudaulacaspis pentagona) - FLORIDA - Egg laying by 50 per- cent of females on peach trees at GaineSville, Alachua County; 15-20 percent of eggs hatched. (Kuitert). CITRUS Citrus Insect Situation in Florida - End of January - CITRUS RUST MITE (Phyllo- coptruta oleivora) infested leaves in 81 percent of groves (norm 59 percent); 66 percent economic (norm 41 percent). Population decreased slightly but is still at the highest January level in 17 years of record. Little change expected. All districts high. TEXAS CITRUS MITE (Eutetranychus banksi) infested 49 percent of groves (norm 27 percent); 14 percent economic (norm 10 percent). Population decreased and is currently in low range although higher than normal for January. SW Further decrease expected. Highest districts east and west. SIX-SPOTTED MITE (Eotetranychus sexmaculatus) near normal levels at present but expected to increase in February and March. CITRUS RED MITE (Panonychus citri) infested 39 percent of groves (norm 33 percent); 8 percent economic (norm 10 percent). Slight increase expected from the present low level normal for January. Highest districts east and west. GLOVER SCALE (Lepidosaphes gloverii) infested 76 percent of groves (norm 78 percent); 8 percent economic (norm 17 percent). Populations below January average of recent years and in moderate range. Slight increase expected. Highest districts east and west. PURPLE SCALE (L. beckii) infested 65 percent of groves (norm 79 percent); 3 percent economic (norm 9 percent). Population is below the January average and in low range. Decrease expected. Highest district east. BLACK SCALE (Saissetia oleae) infested 45 percent of groves (norm 35 percent); 22 percent economic (norm 16 percent). Population is above the low level normal for January and a few scattered groves have moderate to heavy infestations. Little change expected. Highest districts central and east. YELLOW SCALE (Aonidiella citrina) infested 64 percent of groves (norm 59 percent); 2 percent economic (norm 15 percent). Slight decrease has occurred and population will remain below average and in low range. Highest districts east and west. CHAFF SCALE (Parlatoria pergandii) infested 39 percent of groves (norm 64 percent) ; 1 percent economic (norm 11 percent). Population is below average of recent years and will continue in low range in all districts. AN ARMORED SCALE (Unaspis citri) infested 15 percent of groves; 2 percent moderate to heavy. Increase expected. WHITEFLIES near their normal low levels at present but expected to increase in February and March. (W. A. Simanton (Citrus Expt. Sta. Lake Alfred)). BLACK CITRUS APHID (Toxoptera aurantii) - FLORIDA - Scattered on leaves of 100 of 500 orange nursery plants at Blanton; Pasco County. (Hill). GREEN SCALE (Coccus viridis) - FLORIDA - Adult and nymph damage severe to leaves on 1,500 of 3,000 Meyer lemon trees at Ruskin, Hillsborough County. (Baker). CALIFORNIA RED SCALE (Aonidiella aurantii) - FLORIDA - Infesting stems, leaves, and bark of Meyer lemon plants at nursery in Ruskin, Hillsborough County. (Fla. Coop. Sur.). CITROPHILUS MEALYBUG (Pseudococcus fragilis) - CALIFORNIA - Moderate in a 2-acre citrus planting in Grover City, San Luis Obispo County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). CITRUS RED MITE (Panonychus citri) - ARIZONA - Very heavy in treated lemon and grapefruit blocks. Situation very serious as many groves formerly free now infested in Yuma County. Balled citrus trees destined for Phoenix rejected in order to prevent spread into Maricopa County. CArsizn Coopen Suit). YUMA SPIDER MITE (Eotetranychus yumensis) - ARIZONA - Light in many groves on Yuma Mesa, Yuma County; lemons preferred host. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). ORNAMENTALS EUONYMUS SCALE (Unaspis euonymi) - NEW MEXICO - Heavy on evergreen euonymus in Albuquerque, Bernalillo County. (Heninger). OKLAHOMA - Moderate to heavy on Shrubs in Washita and Garfield Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). ALABAMA - Heavy on ornamental euonymus plantings from Lamar County and on numerous plants in Lee County; some plants defoliated in Lee County. (Guthrie et al.). ARMORED SCALES - FLORIDA - Chrysomphalus aonidum nymph damage moderate on leaves of 90 of 100 lily-turf, Liriope sp., nursery plants in Tampa February 7 and adult damage moderate on leaves of 500 of 5,000 aleppo pine nursery plants in Seffner, Hillsborough County, January 29 (Simmons); all stages light on leaves of 100 of 1,000 Japanese holly nursery plants at Macclenny, Baker County, February 2 (Collins). Pinnaspis aspidistrae adults scattered on 600 of 3,000 lily-turf nursery plants in Seffner, Hillsborough County, January 29. (Simmons). Damage moderate to plants as scales heavy at base of leaves. (Giles COCs Siwires)) 6 - 78 - Fiorinia theae problem in many areas; damaging camellias and holly in Hills- borough, Seminole, and Volusia Counties. (Fla. Coop. Sur.). All stages of Diaspis boisduvalii light to severe on leaves on all 200 orchid plants at nursery in Titusville, Brevard County, January 26. (Levan). Plants placed under quarantine. (Fla. Coop. Sur.). MISSOURI - Aonidiella aurantii newly hatched crawlers mod- erate on gardenias in Jasper County. (Munson). MELON APHID (Aphis gossypii) - ARIZONA - Infesting hibiscus plantings in Yuma, Yuma County. Ariz. Coop. Sur.). A LACE BUG (Corythucha incurvata) - CALIFORNIA - Nymphs and adults heavy on toyon, Photinia arbutifolia, Shrubs in Escondido, San Diego County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.) PRIVET MITE (Brevipalpus obovatus) - FLORIDA - Nymphs of probably this species damaging azalea nursery plants in Tampa, Hillsborough County, January 29. (Alfieri). ALABAMA - Probably this species heavy on azalea leaves from home in Choctaw County; numerous plants affected. (Sexton et al.). FOREST AND SHADE TREES ARMORED SCALES - CALIFORNIA - Cryptaspidiotus shastae light on pine in Victorville, San Bernardino County, for a new host record. Hemiberlesia lataniae moderate on black locust along highway in Livingston, Merced County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). FLORIDA - Phenacaspis heterophyllae adults moderate on leaves of 1,250 of 5,000 aleppo pine plants inspected at nursery in Seffner, Hillsborough County, January 29. (Simmons). All stages of Ischnaspis longirostris severe on leaves on 300 of 1,000 nursery palms at nursery in Dania, Broward County, February 1. (Shirah). Total of 375 small nursery palms infested and refused certification. (Fla. Coop. Sur.). NEW MEXICO - P. pinifoliae light to heavy on pinyon and ponderosa pine in Albuquerque, Bernalillo County; moving into Japanese pine and blue spruce. (Heninger). MARYLAND - Aspidiotus perniciosus heavy on white birch plantings in Baltimore. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). CECIDOMYID MIDGES (Contarinia spp.) - CALIFORNIA - C. pseudotsugae and C. cuniculator heavy on Douglas-fir in Fox Ridge area, Six Rivers National Forest; common on Douglas-fir in State. (Cook, U.S.F.S.). Contarinia sp. larvae heavy in needles of bigcone Douglas-fir on Palomar Mountain, San Diego County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). A EURYTOMID WASP (Eurytoma tumoris) - CALIFORNIA - Larvae and pupae of probably this species heavy in Italian stone pine in Woodside, San Mateo County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). MAN AND ANIMALS COMMON CATTLE GRUB (Hypoderma lineatum) - ALABAMA - Light to moderate on cattle in Lowndes County; no emergence observed. Few late larvae emerged from backs of cattle in Bullock County. (Stone et al.). OKLAHOMA - Ranged 0-21 per head (average 7) on untreated cattle and one per 5 head on treated cattle in Payne County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). SCREW-WORM (Cochliomyia hominivorax) - No cases reported in U.S. February 4-11, 1968. Total of 70 cases reported in portion of Barrier Zone in Republic of Mexico as follows: Territorio sur de Baja California 10, Sonora 16, Chihuahua 15, Coahuila 1, Nuevo Leon 1, Tamaulipas 27. Total of 15 cases reported in Mexico south of Barrier Zone. Barrier Zone is area where eradication operations underway to prevent establishment of self-sustaining population in U.S. Sterile screw-worm flies released: Texas 168,000, Mexico 83,290,000. (Anim. Health Dive. = We) — FACE FLY (Musca autumnalis) - NEVADA - Single male collected in Mountain City Ranger Station, Elko County, January 10, 1968. Det. by R. C. Bechtel, confirmed by R. S. Gagne. This is a new State Record. (Nev. Coop. Rpt.). CATTLE LICE - ALABAMA - Heavy on numerous cattle in several herds in Lee and Bibb Counties. (Teague, Odom). MISSISSIPPI - Light on Hereford beef cattle in Yazoo County. (Dinkins). OKLAHOMA - Linognathus vituli moderate on Payne County cattle; 400 per 3-square-inch area on muzzle region of calf in Cherokee County. Bovicola bovis light on cattle in Payne County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). IOWA - Light on animals in State. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). HOG LOUSE (Haematopinus suis) - IOWA - Very heavy on one and light on 5 head in check of 26 hogs from 21 farms in central and west-central areas; absent on 20 head. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). HORSE BITING LOUSE (Bovicola equi) - CALIFORNIA - Heavy on horses on a ranch in Florin, Sacramento County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). EAR TICK (Otobius megnini) - CALIFORNIA - This species and a louse, Linognathus africanus, very heavy on deer on Tejon Ranch in Lebec, Kern County. Most deer in 2 areas affected and over 30 doe dead. Deer deaths caused by exsanguina— tion due to L. africanus covering large areas of the animals. This species averaged over 2,500 per cubic centimeter on one doe with overall total of 2 million adults and an equal number of immature and eggs. Det. by R. Annereaux. Deer unusual host for L. africanus. (Fish and Game). TICKS - OKLAHOMA - Total of 100 replete females taken from a deer in Cherokee County as follows: 60 percent Ixodes scapularis; 30 percent Dermacentor albipictus; 10 percent Amblyomma americanum. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). CALIFORNIA - D. occidentalis very heavy on cow and calf herd in Carmel Valley, Monterey County. (Loomis). NORTHERN FOWL MITE (Ornithonyssus sylviarum) - FLORIDA - Heavy on hundreds of chickens in University of Florida poultry lab during last 3 weeks; many weakened and some died. (Waites). BROWN RECLUSE SPIDER (Loxosceles reclusa) - OKLAHOMA - Found in Payne and Oklahoma Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). BENEFICIAL INSECTS A BRACONID (Dendrosoter protuberans) - WISCONSIN - Total of 857 specimens of this parasite of Scolytus multistriatus (smaller European elm bark beetle) released at 2 sites in Milwaukee area July 18 and July 25, 1967. Sampling of 28 bolts from 3 infested trees collected August 2 in release area yielded the following: 7,162 Scolytus multistriatus, 522 Spathius canadensis (a braconid), and 445 D. protuberans. A total of 80 additional miscellaneous parasites were recovered, including Entedon leucogramma (a eulophid wasp) and Cheiropachus colon (a pteromalid wasp). (Kennedy, USFS; Conrad). DAMSEL BUGS (Nabis spp.) - ALABAMA - Adults numerous, 1-2 per yard, on turnips, mustard, cabbage, and other vegetable crops in home gardens in Lee County. (McQueen). ARIZONA - N. ferus averaged 50 per 100 sweeps in Maricopa County alfalfa. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). A BIG-EYED BUG (Geocoris punctipes) - ALABAMA - Adults numerous, 3-4 per yard, in turnips, mustard, and other vegetable crops in home gardens in Lee County. (McQueen) . = 180>= FEDERAL & STATE PLANT PROTECTION PROGRAMS PINK BOLLWORM (Pectinophora gossypiella) - NEW MEXICO - Light on cotton stalks in Chaves and Eddy Counties; survival ranged 50-60 percent. (Mathews). Total of 20 dead in cocoons and 20 live larvae found in 300 row feet in southern Dona Ana County. (Nielsen, Elson). OKLAHOMA - Averaged 8 per inspection during lint cleaner inspections in Caddo, Commanche, McClain, and Stephens Counties; lighter than in December. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). TULIPTREE SCALE (Toumeyella liriodendri) - CALIFORNIA - Treatment in San Jose, Santa Clara County, begun January 16 as 120 parkway trees and 6 yard hosts in Willow Glen area completed. Total of 1,005 parkway trees and 143 yard hosts inspected. Survey results negative except for one yard tree. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). LIGHT TRAP COLLECTIONS FLORIDA - Sanford - 1/30-2/3, BL - Black cutworm (Agrotis ipsilon) 47, cabbage looper (Trichoplusia ni) 24, granulate cutworm (Feltia Subterranea) 160, yellow-striped armyworm (Prodenia ornithogalli) 33. TEXAS - Brownsville - 2/1-9, 2 BL, 39-74 F, no precip. — Armyworm (Pseudaletia unipuncta) 78, black cutworm 228, cabbage looper 6, granulate cutworm 51, sSalt-marsh caterpillar (Estigmene acrea) 74, variegated cutworm (Peridroma saucia) 75, yellow-striped armyworm 118. INSECT DETECTION New State Record FACE FLY (Musca autumnalis) - NEVADA - Single male collected in Mountain City Ranger Station, Elko County, January 10, 1968. Det. by R. C. Bechtel, confirmed by R. S. Gagne. (p. 79). CLOVER SEED WEEVIL (Miccotrogus picirostris) - MISSOURI - Scotland County. @e6) Fe A GRASS WEBWORM (Herpetogramma licarsisalis) - HAWAII - Kauai. (p. 81). CORRECTIONS CEIR 18(4):42 - Status of the European Corn Borer in 1967 - Line 10 in "Abundance" paragraph should read: Populations in Minnesota increased over 1966 in the northwest district...Line 12 should read:...were below 100 borers per 100 plants in 66 of the 72 districts surveyed..... CEIR 18(5):56 - Maunaloa Bean Beetle (Araeocorynus cumingi) - HAWAII - Last line should read "Previously found only on Oahu and Hawaii Island."" (Funasaki). =o Sil o HAWAII INSECT REPORT Turf, Pasture - Larvae and adults of a GRASS WEBWORM (Herpetogramma licarsisalis) found on Kauai for a new island record. Larvae infesting tifdwarf grass at Wailua Houselots. (Ikehara, Sugawa). A BILLBUG (Sphenophorus venatus vestitus) very light on Kikuyu grass in Paauilo, Hawaii Island, compared with moderate to heavy infestations in early December. Larvae and adults continue very light in Kikuyu grass pastures on Maui and at Kahua Ranch in South Kohala district, Hawaii Island. (Miyahira, Yoshioka). Forage Legumes - PEA APHID (Acyrthosiphon pisum) adults very light, less than 0.01 per trifoliate leaf, in 25-acre alfalfa field at Kaunakakai, Molokai. THREE-CORNERED ALFALFA HOPPER (Spissistilus festinus) adults moderate, 5-10 per sweep, in same field. (Miyahira). Vegetables - All stages of a SLUG (Limax sp.) heavy and damage light in cabbage field at Kaaawa, Oahu. (Sato). LEAF MINER FLIES (Liriomyza spp.) moderate to heavy on watermelons at Makaha; light to moderate on green Onions and light on tomatoes and beans at Waianae and Waimanalo, Oahu. (Funasaki, Higa). Fruits - BLACK CITRUS APHID (Toxoptera aurantii) heavy on terminal leaves of backyard grapefruit trees in Kaneohe, Oahu, and pomelo trees at Puako, Hawaii Island. (Funasaki, Chong). Ornamentals - PACIFIC BEETLE COCKROACH (Diploptera punctata) caused 40 percent branch damage to 50 feet of cypress hedge at Honokaa, Hawaii Island. (Davis). Forest and Shade Trees - Larvae of a PYRALID MOTH (Uresiphita polygonalis) moderate and defoliating sophora at Kawaihae-uka, Hawaii ISland. (Davis). General Pests - SOUTHERN GREEN STINK BUG (Nezara viridula) nymphs increased lightly on wild spiderherb, Gynandropsis gynandra, especially in warm, lowland areas throughout Maui. (Miyahira). Man and Animals - Total of 497 Aedes vexans nocturnus and 11,525 Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus taken in 49 light traps on Oahu during January. A.vexans nocturnus light in all areas and C. pipiens quinquefasciatus heavy throughout windward, leeward, and north shore areas. (Mos. Cont. Br., Dept. of Health). Miscellaneous - Larvae of a NOCTUID MOTH (Achaea janata) moderate to heavy On many castorbean plants and adults common on various weeds at Waipahu, Ewa, and Waianae, Oahu; adults numerous in residential area on Pacific Heights in Honolulu. (Funasaki, Holt). CHANGE IN SCIENTIFIC NAME Diatraea Guilding, Recent Synonymy Bleszynski (Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia, 12:100, 1967) lists Zeadiatraea Box as a synonym of Diatraea Guilding. This action results ina change of the scientific names of the southwestern corn borer from Zeadiatraea grandiosella (Dyar) to Diatraea grandiosella Dyar and the neotropical corn borer from Zeadiatraea lineolata (Walker) to Diatraea lineolata (Walker). Ronald W. Hodges Systematic Entomology Laboratory Entomology Research Division ARS, USDA Washington, D.C. = 82 —- SUMMARY OF INSECT CONDITIONS IN HAWAII - 1967 Highlights There were 11 species reported for the first time in the State during 1967, while others that were already established spread to other islands. Some important new pests to the State include: A GRASS WEBWORM (Herpetogramma licarsisalis) is widespread and causing light to severe damage to lawns, parks, golf courses, and pastures on Oahu; a STRATIOMYID FLY (Gobertina picticornis) on Oahu and previously reported only from Africa; a SPIDER MITE (Oligonychus sStickneyi) moderate on Bermuda grass in October on Oahu. Sugarcane NEW GUINEA SUGARCANE WEEVIL (Rhabdoscelus obscurus) caused much damage in some areas of Kauai and Hawaii Islands during the spring and summer. An ANT (Strumigenys rogeri) was collected in November 1966 in the upper Manoa Valley, Oahu, in a dead, bored sugarcane stalk. Det. by D. R. Smith. It was reported for first time in State in 1967. Turf, Pastures A GRASS WEBWORM (Herpetogramma licarsisalis) was heavy in pasture grass at Kaaawa and in lawns at Hickam Air Force Base, Oahu, in late August and early September. This was a new State record. It is now widespread throughout Oahu and causing light to severe damage to lawns, parks, golf courses, and pastures. ARMYWORM (Pseudaletia unipuncta) was found in trace numbers in 1967 on all islands. This was the fourth consecutive year in which populations did not increase to significant levels. Parasites and pathogens apparently prevented outbreaks. Previously, large numbers infested Kikuyu grass, especially in the Kohala district on Hawaii Island during the spring. BERMUDAGRASS MITE (Aceria neocynodonis) was light to heavy on Maui and Hawaii Islands in September for new iSland records. A TARSONEMID MITE (Steneotarsonemus sp.) was moderate .on Bermuda grass in Manoa Valley, Oahu, in April. Det. by F. H. Haramoto. A SPIDER MITE (Oligonychus stickneyi) was moderate on Bermuda grass in October at Hickam Air Force Base Oahu, for a new State record. A BILLBUG (Sphenophorus venatus vestitus) caused scattered moderate to heavy damage in Kikuyu grass pastures in the Kaupakulua and Haiku areas on Maui in June and at Paauilo, Hawaii Island, during the fall. Scattered light to moderate populations were dominant throughout 1967 on Kikuyu grass pastures in the Kohala District, Hawaii Island, where a light widespread infestation covered about 18,000 acres in late 1966. It also infested Bermuda grass lawns and golf courses in various areas on all the major isSlands. General Vegetables BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) damage ranged light to moderate in most green Onion fields and was moderate on young corn at Kahuku in May and at Waianae in October in Oahu. TARO LEAFHOPPER (Tarophagus proserpina) was very light on Oahu, Kauai, Hawaii, and Maui. It built up slightly in late summer and early fall. CARMINE SPIDER MITE (Tetranychus telarius) and GREENHOUSE WHITEFLY (Trialeurodes vyaporariorum) caused Serious problems on beans, tomatoes, eggplants, and cucumbers in a owland areas of the State especially during the spring and summer. T. telarius was very troublesome on celery at 2,700 feet elevation at Waimea, Hawaii ISland, during the summer. Intensive chemical control measures were necessary. RED-SHOULDERED STINK BUG (Thyanta accerra) was insignificant and confined to swollen fingergrass from Sand Island to Makaha along the coast of Oahu. Three specimens of a CHLOROPID FLY (Neoloxotaenia gracilis) were caught in light traps at Honolulu, Oahu, in September 1964, = {38} o December 1966, and November 1967. Det. by C. W. Sabrosky. This new State record was reported in the CEIR in 1968. POTATO TUBERWORM (Phthorimaea operculella) was heavy on eggplants at Waimanalo, Oahu, in August and potatoes at Hoolehua, Molokai, during the fall. MELON FLY (Dacus cucurbitae) caused moderate to heavy damage on cucurbits and tomatoes on Oahu, Maui, and Hawaii Islands during the summer and fall. Populations were generally light on Kauai. IMPORTED CABBAGE- WORM (Pieris rapae) was light to moderate on cabbage and other cole crops throughout the State. Spotted, heavy populations caused economic damage in some fields during the winter in the Kula area, Maui. DIAMONDBACK MOTH (Plutella xylostella) was moderate on cole crops from March to September and damage was moderate to heavy during the summer on Kauai, Maui, and Oahu. CORN EARWORM (Heliothis zea) was heavy on Oahu in July and August and required intensive controls. Buildups were light in small plantings in scattered areas on the other islands during the summer. CABBAGE WEBWORM (Hellula rogatalis) was heavy and damage severe to Chinese cabbage on Kauai in March and to daikon seedlings on Oahu in August and November. Populations were generally light on the other islands. LEAF MINER FLIES (Liriomyza spp.) remained serious on various truck crops in the lowland areas of Oahu, Maui, and Kauai from April to November. Damage was heavy to the foliage of beans, cucumbers, melons, green Onions, and tomatoes. These pests killed 90-100 percent of the watermelon seedlings in a large field on Oahu in May and made 40-75 percent of the green onions from some fields unmarketable during the Summer and early fall. Repeated controls were necessary. GREEN PEACH APHID (Myzus persicae) was moderate to heavy and difficult to control during the summer and early fall in eggplant- growing areas of Oahu; numbers appeared heaviest in September. BEAN POD BORER (Maruca testulalis) was generally light on all major islands with damage moder- ate to unsprayed, backyard lima beans in some areas of Oahu, Maui, and Lanai. GIANT AFRICAN SNAIL (Achatina fulica) was very active after fall and winter rains on Oahu and Maui although crop damage was not significant during 1967. Eradication measures were continued in localized infestations on Kauai and Hawaii Islands. PEPPER WEEVIL (Anthonomus eugenii) was light to moderate on bell peppers, especially during the spring and fall months, on Oahu. Fruits and Nuts CLOUDY-WINGED WHITEFLY (Dialeurodes citrifolii) was heavy on citrus at Hilo, Hawaii Island. The COCONUT LEAF ROLLER (Hedylepta blackburni) outbreak, apparently the heaviest since 1945, caused 50-100 percent defoliation of most trees on Kauai in January and February. Damage ranged moderate to heavy to some trees on Maui in March and April, although no damage occurred on the other islands. BROAD MITE (Hemitarsonemus latus) damaged macadamia flowers in an orchard at Hilo, Hawaii,during a heavy outbreak in March. BARNACLE SCALE (Ceroplastes cirripediformis) was very heavy on passion-fruit at Kahului, Maui, from January to July but was moderate to light from August to December. A MEALYBUG (Pseudococcus obscurus) was generally light on passion-fruit throughout 1967 at Kahului, Maui. Numbers were moderate to heavy in a few areas in May but decreased by late June. MEDITERRANEAN FRUIT FLY (Ceratitis capitata) damaged nearly all of the experimental peaches on Maui. Damage was light to medium on plums on Hawaii Island in July. Light numbers prevailed on commercial fruits throughout the major islands. ORIENTAL FRUIT FLY (Dacus dorsalis) continued to be the dominant fruit fly species in the State. Numbers ranged light to heavy On commercial citrus, guavas, and papayas; and on backyard avocados, mangoes, litchi, and other fruits. Heavy outbreaks of RED-BANDED THRIPS (Selenothrips rubrocinctus) occurred on guava fruits on Kauai in January, on Oahu in June, and on Hawaii in October. — (4 Ornamentals HAWAIIAN THRIPS (Thrips hawaiiensis) was light to moderate on gardenia blossoms during the spring. Several heavy infestations occurred in other areas. Damage was severe to cattleya and dendrobium orchids at Manoa, Oahu, during October. THREE-LINED POTATO BEETLE (Lema trilineata) larvae and adults were moderate on cup-of-gold and Datura sp. during the Summer on Kauai, Maui, and Oahu. A FALSE SPIDER MITE (Brevipalpus phoenicis) was heavy and caused severe defoliation and much dieback to Ligularia sp. in the Lihue area, Kauai, during March. An ARMORED SCALE (Phenacaspis cockerelli) continued moderate to heavy on oleander throughout 1967 in Scattered areas Of Oahu, Maui, Kauai, and Hawaii Islands. Forest and Shade Trees A PSYLLID (Psylla uncatoides) was light to moderate on acacia trees at Honolulu, Kaneohe, and Kawailoa on Oahu in March and May. This species was reported for the first time on Maui and Kauai in June. Light numbers of CUBAN-LAUREL THRIPS (Gynaikothrips ficorum) occurred on Ficus retusa throughout the State but were controlled by biological agents. MONKEYPOD MOTH (Polydesma umbricola) outbreaks were heavy in some areas on Oahu and Maui during the spring. Defoliation ranged 50-90 percent on many trees at Lahaina, Maui, in early June. A CONIFER APHID (Cinara carolina) was light to moderate on pines on Kauai in June for a new island record. BLACK THREAD SCALE (Ischnaspis longirostris) was moderate on Ficus retusa at Lihue, Kauai, for a new island record. This species was previously recorded from Oahu, Maui, Hawaii, Molokai, and Niihau Islands. A STRATIOMYID FLY (Gobertina picticornis) was collected on Oahu in October 1966 for a new State record. This species had previously been reported only from Africa. General Pests SOUTHERN GREEN STINK BUG (Nezara viridula) increased slightly in some areas on all the major islands from January to May and from October to December. Damage was light on beans, corn, tomatoes, soybeans, and macadamia. SPOTTED GARDEN SLUG (Limax maximus) was heavy and caused moderate to heavy damage to straw- berries, green onions, chrysanthemums, and cabbage on Maui during the spring and summer. CHINESE ROSE BEETLE (Adoretus sinicus) adults caused heavy damage to foliage of crops, forest and shade trees, ornamentals, and fruit trees in scattered areas, especially on Maui, Kauai, and Oahu. This species was a major pest in 1967. A BARK BEETLE (Xylosandrus compactus) was light to heavy in over 40 species of plants at Hilo, Hawaii ISland. Most of the plants were new host records for the State. Numbers were light to moderate on commercially grown epicattleya and dendrobium orchids at Hilo in March. A PLATASPID BUG (Coptosoma xanthogramma) was light to heavy on shade trees, ornamentals, and various weeds _ on Oahu. Numbers were light to moderate on beans in the windward area but no damage was reported. This species was found for the first time on Hawaii in April, on Maui in September, and on Kauai in October. An ANT (Solenopsis (Diplorhoptrum) sp.) was collected in upper Manoa Valley, Oahu, in September and November 1966. This was the first report of the subgenus Diplorhoptrum in the State. Another ANT (Pheidole javana), collected in Manoa Valley, Oahu, in November 1966 and at Hilo, Hawaii ISland, in December 1966, was also a new State record. Man and Animals A HALICTID BEE (Halictus sp.) continued very annoying to residents, picnickers, and hotel guests in the Kawaihae Bay area, Hawaii Island, during the fall and winter. Migrating populations of a MILLIPED (Trigoniulus lumbricinus) annoyed residents and hotel guests at Kailua-Kona, Hawaii ISland, during late November and early December. Large numbers of LONG-LEGGED ANT (Anoplolepis longipes) entered apartments in the Punchbowl area of Honolulu, Oahu, during September and = tie) 5 homes in the Hilo and Kapoho areas, Hawaii Island, during late October. FIRE ANT (Solenopsis geminata) was established for the first time on Maui in February when colonies were found near coastal regions and in pastures from Maalaea Bay to Ulupalakua. This species was previously found only on Oahu, Hawaii, and Molokai Islands. SOUTHERN HOUSE MOSQUITO (Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus) averaged 148 per trap per month on Oahu. The highest monthly average of 266 was recorded in September. Collections were higher in the Nanakuli and Waianae areas early in 1967, in the windward areas during the spring, and in the north shore area during the summer and fall. A MOSQUITO (Aedes vexans nocturnus) averaged 23 per light trap per month on Oahu with the highest monthly average of 54 reported in July. Collections were higher in the windward areas than in the other areas during the spring and summer. LARGE DUCK LOUSE (Trinoton querquedulae) was collected from the native Kokoa duck and the immigrant pin-tail duck at Lihue, Kauai, in January for a new State record. Beneficial Organisms The first recovery of a SCIOMYZID FLY (Sepedon sauteri), a predator of the liver- fluke snail, was made in August at Waianae, Oahu. The original release of 100 adults was made in March. A GALL MIDGE (Zeuxidiplosis giardi) and a KLAMATH-WEED BEETLE (Chrysolina quadrigemina) increased their established areas on Hawaii Island. Adults were heavy on Klamath-weed between the 6,700 feet and 8,250 feet elevations on Mt. Hualalai during the November survey. Adults of a TACHINA FLY (Trichopoda pennipes) were very common around farm areas on all islands. Eggs were common on southern green stink bug (Nezara viridula). Another TACHINA FLY (Lespesia archippivora) parasitized most of the monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus) chrysalides collected from Manoa, Oahu, in March and 40 percent of the imported cabbageworm (Pieris rapae) taken from Pulehu, Maui, in December. MELASTOMA BORER (Selca brunella) numbers and damage were heavy on Indian rhododendron, a rangeland weed, especially during the late spring and summer on Kauai. Damage was light to moderate throughout 1967 on Hawaii Island. A PTEROMALID WASP (Anysis alcocki) was recovered for the first time in the State On Oahu in February. This species was introduced from the Philippines to control wax scales. A TORTRICID MOTH (Apotoforma sp.) was moderate to heavy and caused heavy damage to blackberry on Kauai and Maui. Activity was noticeable at release sites on Hawaii Island in October. A CRYPTOCHAETID FLY (Cryptochetum iceryae) was moderate in a Desmodium sp. field infested with cottony-cushion scale (Icerya purchasi) on Oahu in April. This parasitic fly was recorded for the first time in the State in July 1966. A PUNCTURE-VINE STEM WEEVIL (Microlarinus lypriformis) heavily damaged puncture- vines on Oahu, Maui, and Molokai. A survey on Molokai in October revealed no evidence of puncture-vine where it was formerly very active. DUNG BEETLES (Onthophagus catta and Copris incertus prociduus) were moderate to heavy in pastures in the Kau District on Hawaii ISland during the winter. O. catta was heavy at Pupukea, Oahu, in September and at Makena, Maui, in November. Adults of an OTITID FLY (Euxesta wettsteini) were collected on Oahu, Molokai, and Lanai for a new State record. It apparently is a scavenger that breeds in decaying plant material. Miscellaneous Insects Nymphs and adults of a GRASSHOPPER (Trimerotropis pallidipennis) were numerous in a localized weedy area at Ewa, Oahu, in July. Trace to very light numbers remained in the area during the remainder of 1967. VAGRANT GRASSHOPPER (Schistocerca vaga) continued to increase on weeds throughout the western section of Oahu. Several adults were found in the northern, central, and eastern sections of the island during the summer. Seven of the 12 adults taken on Kauai since the first discovery ix July 1966 were caught this year. An ASTEIID FLY (Asteia sp.) adult caught in a light trap at Honolulu, Oahu, July 19, 1966, was reported as a new State record in 1967. Det. by C. W. Sabrosky. = 86) — Infestations of Lepidopterous Larvae in Arkansas in 1967 1/ By W. P. Boyer, Survey Entomologist University of Arkansas Infestations of some species of lepidopterous larvae were much heavier in 1967 than previously known. Most significant were the fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) and cabbage looper (Trichoplusia ni). Of lesser importance were gar- den webworm (Loxostege similalis), beet armyworm (Spodoptera exigua) and yellow- striped armyworm (Prodenia ornithogalli). Fall armyworm appeared much earlier, was higher in numbers, and was more wide- spread than it had ever been known to be in Arkansas. A wide variety of host plants was attacked. This pest normally appears in small numbers in midsummer in the State, but in some years high numbers have appeared late in the summer. In 1967 the situation was quite different. Larvae were rather numerous in the whorls of corn as far north as Fayetteville by mid-June. Fall armyworm reached extremely high numbers in July in the more Southern areas of the State. This outbreak peaked about July 18. Crops infested were Soybeans, alfalfa, corn, sorghum, pastures, meadows, and in a few cases, rice. Lawns were heavily in- fested in many areas where as high as 150 larvae per square foot were observed in some cases. Egg masses, found on buildings and laundry on outside clothes lines, and numerous larvae caused widespread concern. The second period of heavy infestation occurred in August and peaked about August 15. Populations were heaviest in central and northeast Arkansas on the same host plants as in July. It was feared that the pest might become a serious problem in fall-sown small grain. Although a few infestations occurred in small grain September 21-28 in the west and northeast areas, they were no heavier than normal. Cabbage looper is generally present in cotton in Arkansas but was more numerous than usual in 1967. It caused the greatest concern in greens crops, mainly in east Arkansas, in early October when numbers were extremely high and was present in large numbers on the same crops in west Arkansas. In Cross County, east- central Arkansas, Several counts of loopers were taken October 10 on turnip greens. In 21 counts, the number of larvae per 5 feet of row ranged from 12 to 48 with an average of 21.7. Beet armyworm, although not a new pest in the State, is seldom found and has occurred only in light numbers. This year larvae were collected at the rate of 50-75 per 100 sweeps in alfalfa in the southwest section on September 6. Other lepidopterous larvae common to the State failed to be more numerous than normal. Bollworm (Heliothis zea) was less numerous than in some years; green cloverworm (Plathypena Scabra) populations were not high; and armyworm (Pseuda- letia unipuncta) waS lighter than normal. pe No attempt is made to fully explain the reasons for the abundance of the species that were heavier than normal in Arkansas in 1967; however, weather conditions were abnormal and may have been an important contributing factor. According to Luginbill (1928), the fall armyworm overwinters in the tropics and along the gulf coast. In most years it does not appear in north Arkansas until mid- or late summer. The species evidently had an unusually early start in its annual migra- tion northward as larvae were found in mid-June in the extreme northwest area of the State. 1/ Published with the approval of the Director, Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station. oS 87 o A study of the United States weather records showed that March and April temper- atures were above normal along the gulf coast and northward including Arkansas. Temperature departures from the 30-year average for several locations in Texas, Louisiana and Arkansas are listed in Table 1. March temperatures were 4.2° F. above normal in both east Texas and Louisiana and 5.7° F. above normal in Arkan- sas. April temperatures were 6.4° F., 5.3° F. and 4.3° F. above normal respec- tively in east Texas, Louisiana and Arkansas. Those above-normal temperatures may have had an important effect on the fall armyworm's early start in the spring of 1967. Luginbill further stated that cool weather and high relative humidity were favor- able to the fall armyworm. Temperatures were Slightly below normal in Arkansas in May and June. July, August and September temperatures ranged from 4.1° F. to 4.9° F. below normal. Sufficiently high relative humidity in the State also favored the species. In the lower elevations where populations were heaviest, weather records showed that relative humidity was above 90 percent for 8- to 12- hour periods at night and 50 percent or above during the day for most of the summer months. It is apparent that abnormal temperatures, as existed in 1967, favored the fall armyworm but not other species observed. Weather factors will be studied in the future to help predict probable outbreaks of species that overwinter south of Arkansas and migrate into the State. Literature Cited Luginbill, Phillip. 1928. The fall armyworm. U.S. Dept. Agr. Tech. Bul. 34, 92 pp. 88 Lv st o°t- SS Secs €°S- €'p~- azequezdeg Qi (a an 8° b- 8° S- Li Mie Okra ysnsny 1 ge 6° €- 0°F- OnSS (i a Iie Va Atne 8°0- @°O+ b°O- 9°0- Lal bi bt- oun 9°S- g°I- (an a 6°1- € €- a (OF ABH € pt O° St €° Gt €° pt 6° et bet G* pt TFady L°St O°Lt €°st Aap goGt T°St+ G° Pt yoren €°sgt L°St+ T°St 8° 9t 8° rt €° pt pot G Lt 9°St (3 Che Ttady G pt 6° 9+ Gg°e€t+ 8° rt O°rt 8°Tt G bt €° 9+ O°rt G Gt yore —sivieay 7 2 aa0d > eyap > Selaeyp oSnoy SUue[Z0 of¥xoay uoysnOH TISTau) SLITASUMOTG === BueyTSTNoT $$$, sea —_____— eS ———————000$@o——wowmauoms ‘LOGL ‘e3BrteAy ABAA-OE WOT *“{@ So9ertseqd ut soanjasdeg oanjerodueL “LT eTqeL i [= < Kk WY (a) Wl i VOL. 18 No. 8 | February 23, 1968 Cooperative ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT Issued by PLANT PEST CONTROL DIVISION AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE PLANT PEST CONTROL DIVISION SURVEY AND DETECTION OPERATIONS The Cooperative Economic Insect Report is issued weekly as a service to American Agriculture. Its contents are compiled from information supplied by cooperating State, Federal, and industrial entomologists and other agricultural ~ workers. In releasing this material the Division serves as a clearing house and does not assume responsibility for ac- curacy of the material. All reports and inquiries pertaining to this release, including the mailing list, should be sent to: Survey and Detection Operations Plant Pest Control Division Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Federal Center Building Hyattsville, Maryland 20782 Volume 18 February 23, 1968 Number 8 COOPERATIVE ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT HIGHLIGHTS Current Conditions GREENBUG damaging in 13 counties in northern Texas; also reported in several other States. (p. 91). CLOVER ROOT BORER damage heavy on alfalfa in Franklin County, Washington. (p. 92). POTATO TUBERWORM potential problem in Baldwin County, Alabama, (p. 92); moderate in several thousand bushels of stored potatoes in Blair County, Pennsylvania, and serious problem to shippers (p. 94). GREEN PEACH APHID very heavy on vegetables in Maricopa County, Arizona. (p. 92). CITRUS RED MITE spreading into new areas of citrus in Yuma County, Arizona. (p. 93). CATTLE LICE heavy in areas of Arkansas, Oklahoma, and Arizona. NORTHERN FOWL MITE increasing in poultry flocks in northwest Arkansas. (p. 94). Prediction Heavy PALE WESTERN CUTWORM adult flights in western Nebraska during 1967 indicate possible heavy larval infestations in that area in 1968. (p. 116). Detection GLOBOSE SCALE reported for first time in Maryland. (p. 92). For new county records see page 96. Special Reports Summary of Insect Conditions in the United States - 1967 Introduction (p. 97). Special Insects of Regional Significance (pp. 97-105). Corn, Sorghum, Sugarcane (pp. 105-114). Small Grains (pp. 114-117). Turf, Pastures, Rangeland (pp. 118-121). Preparation of Notes for Cooperative Economic Insect Report Gpel22))F: Reports in this issue are for week ending February 16 unless otherwise indicated. = 68) a = 60) = CONTENTS Special Insects of Regional Significance.............-.seee sees cess e eer eee ese Sl Insects Affecting Corn, Sorghum, Ue aan so0cadcoW CEBU S ewepeneveiche) exeiciclicvekers etal deletstetonerctonerenet > Smulik GreViMNSo6scoaoogccod Soodec 5 oil Ornamentals..... aocoosoceas Ao6doqda0s5 5088 Turf, Pastures, Rangeland. 5OGa0C 91 Forest and Shade Trees! 2. sapoDoC = 522 Forage Legumes........--..-.- Ais eaeeanI OD Man and Animals. so00o0egS SoananC 93 Potatoes, Tomatoes, Peppers. vrenioe Households and Structures: 22s aenon General Vegetables......... Sane ECE Stored s ProduGicSjerai-te le) efeln- eke ciedefaye Soc 024! Deciduous Fruits and nates 500006 60 oe Beneficial Insects..............-. BacsoosseggcoooucbOOS Sena poraieneueke eho) otoeekoteh-icietl ~.-94 Kederaly and State) Plant) Protect ton! Prosrams are) « «fellas lelel<)-iehelare) oelelel Se eo OF 94 HaAwaias PnSCCLIRCPOTE «cselelsicte ofl -leleyol GREENBUG (Schizaphis graminum) - TEXAS - Activity decreased due to cold weather and snow in many areas of State. Heavy in certain areas of Hardeman, Foard, Stonewall, Knox, Cottle, King, and Wilbarger Counties; lighter but damaging in Kent, Archer, and Dickens Counties. Generally heavy and spotted throughout South Plains area, but activity unchanged. (Boring, Almand). ‘OKLAHOMA - Ranged 0-5 per linear foot in Logan, Kingfisher, and Blaine Counties and 0-15 per linear foot on wheat in Dewey County; light in Cleveland and Marshall Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). ARKANSAS - Survey negative in wheat in Lafayette County. (Boyer). KANSAS - Light to moderate, 25-50 per row foot, in Phillips and Norton Counties. (Simpson). SMALL GRAINS WHEAT STEM SAWFLY (Cephus cinctus) - NORTH DAKOTA - Survey conducted during September and October; present in 16 of 20 counties surveyed. Infestations highest in northern area. Infested stems ranged 0.2-24.6 percent; averaged 2.6 percent over State. (Brandvik). ENGLISH GRAIN APHID (Macrosiphum avenae) - ARKANSAS - Survey negative in wheat in Lafayette County. (Boyer). FORAGE LEGUMES EGYPTIAN ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera brunneipennis) - ARIZONA - Ranged 0-140 per 100 sweeps in Yuma and 50 per 100 Sweeps in Roll, Yuma County. Terminal damage 25 percent in alfalfa field near Higley and terminal infestations 5 percent in most other alfalfa in Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). CALIFORNIA - Larvae, probably this species, light on 40-acre alfalfa planting in Bard, Imperial County. Time of occurrence about normal. Severe infestations have not developed as early occurrence indicated. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). - 126 - ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - MISSISSIPPI - Larvae averaged 36 per square foot in second-year alfalfa stand in Pontotoc County; 2 adults taken in 4 square feet. (Dinkins). ARKANSAS - Survey negative in Lafayette County. (Boyer, Barnes). CLOVER LEAF WEEVIL (Hypera punctata) - MISSOURI - First and second instars ranged 0-9 (average 3.4) per Square foot in 5 red clover fields in central area. (Munson). PEA APHID (Acyrthosiphon pisum) - ARIZONA - Averaged 500 per 100 sweeps in Maricopa County alfalfa. Ariz. Coop. Sur.). NEW MEXICO - Light to moderate on alfalfa in southern Dona Ana County. (Campbell, Nielsen). ARKANSAS - Very light in alfalfa in Lafayette County; only an occasional aphid found. Ranged 100-150 per 100 sweeps on Austrian Winter peas in same county. (Boyer, Barnes). MISSISSIPPI - Moderate, 25-30 per square foot, on alfalfa in Pontotoc County. (Dinkins). THREE-CORNERED ALFALFA HOPPER (Spissistilus festinus) - ARIZONA - Averaged 30 per 100 sweeps in Maricopa County alfalfa and 60 per 100 sweeps at Yuma, Yuma CountGyen wa CArdzh Cooper SUI) he POTATOES, TOMATOES, PEPPERS MEXICAN MEALYBUG (Phenacoccus gossypii) - CALIFORNIA - Eggs, nymphs, and adults heavy on tree-tomatoes in San Bernardino, San Bernardino County. (Cal. Coop. YES) 6 GREENHOUSE WHITEFLY (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) - IOWA - Problem on greenhouse tomatoes at Creston, Union County. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). DECIDUOUS FRUITS AND NUTS LEAF CRUMPLER (Acrobasis indigenella) - CALIFORNIA - Larvae heavy on peach foliage in San Diego, San Diego County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). AMERICAN PLUM BORER (Euzophera semifuneralis) - TEXAS - Damaging fruit trees near Grapevine, Tarrant County. (Graves). PEACH TREE BORER (Sanninoidea exitiosa) - OKLAHOMA - Larvae active in peach orchards in Choctaw County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). A GELECHIID MOTH (Symmoca signatella) - CALIFORNIA - Larvae and pupae heavy under bark of pecan tree nursery Stock in Canoga Park, Los Angeles County. (CailpnCoopeeRDptep. CITRUS Citrus Insect Situation in Florida - Mid-February = CITRUS RUST MITE (Phyllo- coptruta oleivora) infested leaves in 74 percent of groves (norm 57 percent) ; 60 percent economic (norm 36 percent). Infested fruit in 85 percent of groves (norm 45 percent); 64 percent economic (norm 27 percent). Population decreased on leaves but is at the highest February level in 17 years on both leaves and fruit. Although decrease is expécted, statewide population will continue in the high range and many groves will have important infestations. Highest districts west, south, central, and east. TEXAS CITRUS MITE (Eutetranychus banksi) infested 42 percent of groves (norm 26 percent); 11 percent economic (norm 8 percent). Population decreased but is still above normal low level for February. Little change is expected. Infestations will be important in scattered locations. Highest districts west and east. CITRUS RED MITE (Panonychus citri) infested 39 percent of groves (norm 31 percent); 8 percent economic (norm 13 percent). = 12%) - Population is expected to decrease slightly from the current low level and will be near normal for February. A few important infestations will occur. Highest district east. SIX-SPOTTED MITE (EKotetranychus sexmaculatus) infested 8 percent of groves; none economic. Increase expected. GLOVER SCALE (Lepidosaphes gloverii) infested 70 percent of groves (norm 80 percent); 8 percent economic (norm 18 percent). Population is below average and moderate and decrease is expected. Highest districts east, west, and south. PURPLE SCALE (L. beckii) infested 66 percent of groves (norm 74 percent); 2 percent economic (norm 16 percent). Population is below normal and in low range. Slight increase expected. Highest district east. BLACK SCALE (Saissetia oleae) infested 48 percent of groves (norm 43 percent); 23 percent economic (norm 13 percent). Population is above normal for February but not of great concern at this time. Little change expected. Highest districts central and east. YELLOW SCALE (Aonidiella citrina) infested 60 percent of groves (norm 63 percent); 2 percent economic (norm 17 percent). Population is below that of recent years and will continue to be in low range and of little importance. Highest district east. CHAFF SCALE (Parlatoria pergandii) infested 41 percent of groves (norm 70 percent) ; 1 percent economic (norm 12 percent). Population will remain below normal and unimportant. An ARMORED SCALE (Unaspis citri) now in 15 percent of groves and will be of continuing concern. WHITEFLIES infested 29 percent of groves; 8 per- cent economic. Population is normal and moderate. (W. A. Simanton (Citrus Expt. Sta., Lake Alfred)). CITRUS THRIPS (Scirtothrips citri) - ARIZONA - Nymphs evident on citrus in Yuma, Yuma County; controls planned March 15. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). KATYDIDS - ARIZONA - Eggs very heavy, 6 per group and 3 groups per tree, on . leaves and stems in 5-year-old grove in Mesa, Maricopa County. Most hatching will occur at time of prebloom treatment for thrips. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). ANTS (Solenopsis spp.) - ARIZONA - Damaged 50 percent of young tip growth in 10- acre block near Mesa, Maricopa County; no controls. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). SIX-SPOTTED MITE (Eotetranychus sexmaculatus) - FLORIDA - Abundant on 750-850 of 1,000 orange plants at Pomona Park, Putnam County, in late January and early February. (Graham). CITRUS RED MITE (Panonychus citri) - ARIZONA - Increasing on unpicked fruit due to egg hatch in Yuma, Yuma County; some fruit scarring evident. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). OTHER TROP. & SUBTROP. FRUITS CALIFORNIA RED SCALE (Aonidiella aurantii) - CALIFORNIA -.Medium to heavy on fig trees in Encinitas, San Diego County. (Galea CooprmRpit.). A LEAF-FOOTED BUG (Leptoglossus zonatus) - CALIFORNIA - Probably overwintering adults heavy on guava plants in San Diego; San Diego County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). ORNAMENTALS TULIP BULB APHID (Dysaphis tulipae) - ALABAMA - Heavy in several packages of iris bulbs shipped from an out-of-State nursery; moisture loss to bulbs and thousands of dead and dying aphids resulted. (Glasscock). AN ARMORED SCALE (Phenacaspis cockerelli) - FLORIDA - Adults found on all 89 Calophyllum inophyllum nursery plants at Ft. Lauderdale, Broward County, February 12. (Clinton). This is a new Florida Department of Plant Industry host record. (Fla. Coop. Sur.). - 128 - AMERICAN PLUM BORER (Euzophera semifuneralis) - TEXAS - Damaging laurelcherry near Grapevine, Tarrant County. (Graves). GREENHOUSE SLUG (Milax gagates) - IOWA - Reported as a pest in a wholesale green- house in Sioux City, Woodbury County. (Iowa Ins. Sur., Feb. 16). FOREST AND SHADE TREES PINE NEEDLE SCALE (Phenacaspis pinifoliae) - ALABAMA - Very light on few loblolly and slash pine plantings in Lee County; lighter in area than in most years. (McQueen). DOGWOOD BORER (Thamnosphecia scitula) - ALABAMA - Larvae active on warm days on dogwoods on lawns and streets in Southern and central areas; some pupation evident. (McQueen). AN ARMORED SCALE (Hemiberlesia lataniae) - CALIFORNIA - Moderate on palm nursery stock in Fallbrook, San Diego County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). MAN AND ANIMALS SCREW-WORM (Cochliomyia hominivorax) - No cases reported in U.S. February 18-24, 1968. Total of 64 cases reported in portion of Barrier Zone in Republic of Mexico as follows: Territorio sur de Baja California 12, Sonora 10, Chihuahua 3, Coahuila 4, Tamaulipas 35. Total of 14 cases reported in Mexico south of Barrier Zone. Barrier Zone is area where eradication operations underway to prevent establishment of self-sustaining populations in U.S. Sterile screw- worm flies released: Texas 168,000, Mexico 91,334,000. (Anim. Health Div.). COMMON CATTLE GRUB (Hypoderma lineatum) - OKLAHOMA - Light on cattle in Mayes and Seminole Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). A HORSE FLY (Hybomitra opaca) - NORTH DAKOTA - Collected 8 miles west of Bowman, Bowman County, July 21, 1967, by E. U. Balsbaugh, Jr. Det. by L. L. Pechuman. This is a new State record. (Jones). A DEER FLY (Silvius quadrivittatus) - NORTH DAKOTA - Collected in Slope County July 20, 1967, by E. U. Balsbaugh, Jr. Det. by L. L. Pechuman. This is a new State record. (Jones). SHORT-NOSED CATTLE LOUSE (Haematopinus eurysternus) - OKLAHOMA - Light to moder- ate on cattle in Nowata and Mayes Counties, heavy on cattle in Bryan County, and up to 500 per 6-square-inch area of head region on cattle in Cherokee County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). IOWA - Moderate on 5 head of cattle in feed lot in Polk County. (Iowa-Ins. Sur.). VIRGINIA - Light to moderate on cattle in Blacksburg area, Montgomery County. (Burton). CATTLE LICE - ALABAMA - Problem increasing on cattle due to weakened condition of animals in winter; lice more numerous than during fall and early winter. (Strong et al.). IOWA - Peak populations reached on beef cattle throughout State. (Iowa nS te whe bela) rs LONE STAR TICK (Amblyomma americanum) - OKLAHOMA - Mainly adults and nymphs averaged 2-3 per square foot on cattle in Cherokee County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). AN ACARID MITE (Caloglyphus mycophagus) - CALIFORNIA - Heavy in earthworm beds at earthworm farm in Bakersfield, Kern County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). =» L290 — BROWN RECLUSE SPIDER (Loxosceles reclusa) - ALABAMA - Specimen collected in Blount County for a new county record. Det. by R. J. Ledbetter. (Conway). BENEFICIAL INSECTS A MYMARID EGG PARASITE (Patasson luna) - ILLINOIS - Reared from eggs of alfalfa weevil collected December 14, 1967, at Trimble, Crawford County, by G. DeWitt. Det. by B. D. Burks. Two eggs of 17 collected were parasitized. This is the first known collection of this egg parasite in the State. (Petty). BIG-EYED BUGS (Geocoris spp.) - ARIZONA - Averaged 4 per 100 sweeps in alfalfa in Maricopa County. NeNe6 COCDd SU 5)) 6 FEDERAL AND STATE PLANT PROTECTION PROGRAMS PINK BOLLWORM (Pectinophora gossypiella) - NEW MEXICO - Dead larvae in pupal cocoons found north of Las Cruces, Dona Ana County. No live larvae found at 2 other locations. (Campbell, Nelson). INSECT DETECTION New State Records A HORSE FLY (Hybomitra opaca) - NORTH DAKOTA - Collected 8 miles west of Bowman, Bowman County, July 21, 1967, by E. U. Balsbaugh, Jr. Det. by L. L. Pechuman. (p. 128). A DEER FLY (Silvius quadrivittatus) - NORTH DAKOTA - Collected in Slope County July 20, 1967, by E. U. Balsbaugh, Jr. Det. by L. L. Pechuman. (p. 128). A MYMARID EGG PARASITE (Patasson luna) - ILLINOIS - Reared from eggs of alfalfa weevil collected December 14, 1967, at Trimble, Crawford County, by G. DeWitt. Det. by B. D. Burks. (p. 129). A LONGHORN GRASSHOPPER (Euconocephalus nasutus) - HAWAII - Male taken at Waipahu Triangle, Oahu, January 15, 1968. Det. by A. B. Gurney. This is also a new Western Hemisphere record. (p. 130). New County Records BROWN RECLUSE SPIDER (Loxosceles reclusa) - ALABAMA- Blount County. “@p) 129) ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - OREGON - Linn County. (p. 131). VERMONT - Orleans County. (p. 133). CORRECTIONS CEIR 18(8):94 - SHORT-NOSED CATTLE LOUSE (Haematopinus eurysternus) - ARKANSAS - Should read A CATTLE LOUSE (Solenopotes capillatus) increased in same area .(Boyer), CEIR 18(8):97 - SPECIAL INSECTS OF REGIONAL SIGNIFICANCE - Highlights - Lines 6 and 7 should read: ...TOBACCO BUDWORM was the major pest to tobacco in Florida and a major pest of cotton in Alabama. - 130 - HAWAII INSECT REPORT New State Record - A LONGHORN GRASSHOPPER (Euconocephalus nasutus (Thunberg) ) male taken in vacant lot at Waipahu Triangle, Oahu, January 15, 1968. Det. by A. B. Gurney. The genus Euconocephalus is described from the Ethiopian and and Indo-Australian regions. (Chong) . This is a new Western Hemisphere record but is not known to occur in continental United States. (PPC). Vegetables - All stages of SOUTHERN GREEN STINK BUG (Nezara viridula) light on yard-long and snap beans at Pupukea and light to medium on backyard plantings of yard-long beans in Kahuku, Oahu; nymphs light on maunaloa and soybeans in Waimanalo. (Funasaki). TARO LEAFHOPPER (Tarophagus proserpina) nymphs and adults very heavy, 100+ per leaf-stem, in 0.75 acre of taro in Waikapu, Maui. _ Nymphs and adults of a PREDACIOUS CAPSID BUG (Cyrtorhinus fulvus) few on leaf~stem. Taro new to area in 1967. (Miyahira). Ornamentals - An ARMORED SCALE (Phenacaspis cockerelli) heavy on foliage of 150 Commercial bird-of-paradise in Waimanalo. Also heavy on common mango in Waialua and on leaves of many "Singapore" plumeria throughout Oahu. Heavy, up to 55 adults per leaf, on oleander hedges in Kahului and moderate in Lahaina, Maui. (Funasaki et al.). Larvae of a NOCTUID MOTH (Achaea janata) heavy and completely defoliating castorbean plants in scattered areas in Lahaina, Kahului, and Wailuku, Maui; damaging croton plants at location in Lahaina. (Miyahira). Beneficial Insects - Heavy buildup of larvae of 2 LANTANA CATERPILLARS (Hypena strigata and Catabena esula) caused nearly complete defoliation of lantana in South Point (Kalae) area On Hawaii Island. According to one observer, this is heaviest activity on lantana in many years. (Yoshioka). Larvae of a TORTRICID MOTH (Apotoforma sp.) moderate on terminal leaves and flower buds of about 1,000 acres of blackberry at Waiakamoi, Maui, at 4,200 feet elevation. Larvae of a HELIODINID MOTH (Schreckensteinia festaliella) very light in same area. (Miyahira). Miscellaneous Pests - GIANT AFRICAN SNAIL (Achatina fulica) active in many wild weed areas on Maui and Oahu due to heavy rains; some movement into residential and farm areas. Heavy in Kahului, Wailuku, Waikapu, and Hana on Maui Island, and in Nanakuli, Pupukea, Kahuku, Waiahole, Kaneohe, and Hawaii Kai on Oahu. (Miyahira et al.). LIGHT TRAP COLLECTIONS FLORIDA - Gainesville - 2/19, 21, BL - Armyworm (Pseudaletia uynipuncta) 5, black cutworm (Agrotis ipsilon) 3, granulate cutworm (Feltia Subterranea) 7. Monticello - 2/14-20, 2BL - Armyworm 52, black cutworm 8. TEXAS - Brownsville - 2/17-23, 2BL, 40-82°F., precip. 0.16 - Armyworm 80 black cutworm 150, fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) 1, granulate cutworm 11, salt-marsh caterpillar (Estigmene acrea) 17, variegated cutworm (Peridroma saucia) 35, yellow-striped armyworm (Prodenia ornithogalli) 2. Tack hae ae Oo dlsyil SUMMARY OF INSECT CONDITIONS IN THE UNITED STATES - 1967 (continued from page 121) FORAGE LEGUMES Highlights: ALFALFA WEEVIL was again the most important pest of alfalfa in the Nation. It was found for the first time in Iowa and Maine, and for the first time in western Kansas. Damage to alfalfa ranged light to heavy in most areas but was lighter in several sections than in past years. CLOVER LEAF WEEVIL was heavier than usual in southern Indiana and Illinois and required controls in northeastern Kansas. LESSER CLOVER LEAF WEEVIL heavily damaged buds of trefoil in Vermont and CLOVER HEAD WEEVIL was serious in seed production of crimson clover in Alabama. PEA APHID was more prevalent on several legumes in California than for the past several years. Populations were heavy in several other areas of the Nation and were serious on alfalfa in southwestern Missouri. Parasites and predators reduced heavy populations in some areas. PLANT BUGS were of some concern in a few areas. WESTERN YELLOW-STRIPED ARMYWORM damaged alfalfa in some western States. ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) severely damaged alfalfa in Kittitas County, WASHINGTON, during June and appeared in Clark County during 1967. Both were new county records. Populations in OREGON averaged up to 100 per sweep by June 20. Larval feeding resulted in a 56-percent loss of leaf area in one location. This pest was found for the first time in Linn County, Oregon. First adult activity for 1967 in IDAHO occurred April 17 at Caldwell, Canyon County, and April 19 at Aberdeen, Bingham County. During the mating and oviposition periods, populations ranged from less than one to 11 per sweep. Cold wet weather delayed egg laying and hatching. First eggs were observed May 19, but a first instar was collected May 17 in Minidoka County. Up to 50 larvae per sweep were noted near Caldwell on June 2. During the period June 13-24, larvae ranged from a few to 40 per sweep throughout Madison, Fremont, Bonneville, Bingham, and Power Counties. Most alfalfa in this area was in the late-bud stage and ready for cutting. Only a few fields showed moderate damage. Some damage occurred to second-cutting growth. Generally, damage throughout Idaho was much less than in 1966 or 1965. This pest was collected for the first time during 1967 in Benewah and Boundary Counties. Alfalfa weevil infestations in NEVADA increased during 1967 as they did in 1966. Oviposition, egg hatch, and larval development were staggered over a prolonged period, as alfalfa growth was retarded by cold weather. Larval populations peaked about mid to late June, about 1.5-2 weeks later than normal. Adults severely damaged new second growth in Douglas, Lyon, and Pershing Counties during July. Damage to alfalfa by alfalfa weevil in UTAH was about 20 percent that of 1966, largely due to the cold, late, wet spring. Damage was severe, however, in some Garfield, Kane, Cache, Morgan, and Uintah County fields.. Storms made spraying or early harvest difficult, but 3,000 acres were treated in Millard County. This pest caused an estimated 1 million dollars damage to alfalfa in Utah during the 1967 season. Alfalfa weevil larvae were widespread and heavy in alfalfa in San Juan, Rio Arriba, Bernalillo, Taos, and Sandoval Counties, NEW MEXICO. Specimens were found for the first time in the Isleta area of Bernalillo County and the Valencia area of Valencia County. Light populations in these areas caused only minor damage to the crop. In more heavily infested areas the severity of infes- tations decreased after the first cutting. Damage by alfalfa weevil ranged moderate to heavy in most alfalfa in COLORADO. Increased larval parasitism during 1967 may aid in reducing populations in 1968. Although generally less damaging than in many years in MONTANA, alfalfa weevil caused the greatest insect loss in agriculture in the State. Heavy populations infested alfalfa in Blaine, Gallatin, Yellowstone, Carbon, and Park Counties. This pest is not yet not present in large areas in 26 of the 56 counties in the State. See = Alfalfa weevil was heavy in irrigated alfalfa in the Yellowstone and Missouri River Valleys in McKenzie and Williams Counties, NORTH DAKOTA. Larvae ranged up to 5,000 per 100 sweeps in some fields. Larval populations peaked just before the first cutting. Damage was light on the first crop. Populations were light on dryland alfalfa in other areas of North Dakota. Infestation and distribution in SOUTH DAKOTA were similar to 1966. Populations were again higher in the northern Black Hills from Rapid City in Pennington County to Belle Fourche in Butte County. First adults were collected April 9,but numbers remained low throughout early spring. Larvae appeared the-first week of June,and by June 9 first instars ranged up to 200 per 100 sweeps. A steady buildup throughout June resulted in a peak of 2,500 first to third instars per 100 sweeps on June 30. First cutting of alfalfa was underway at this date, about 10 days later than in 1966. By mid-July, pupation was underway and larval numbers decreased, remaining low the rest of the season.: Damage was again linited to the first crop in South Dakota. The timing of first cutting made controls unnecessary in most instances. First specimens of the season in NEBRASKA occurred April 18 in Dawson County. Light populations in the infested area of the State caused no serious damage to alfalfa. This pest was found for the first time during 1967 in Frontier, Buffalo, McPherson, and Phelps Counties, Nebraska. In KANSAS alfalfa weevil was light in most areas. Economic damage occurred in 2 Finney County fields. Alfalfa weevil was collected for the first time in 22 counties, making a total of 31 counties now known to be infested in Kansas. It was col- lected for the first time in the western half of the State in Cherokee County. First larvae of the season in MISSOURI were observed the first week of March in the southeastern area. Larvae increased continually in this area until mid- April when most alfalfa had been treated. Heaviest damage was confined to southeast and south-central areas. This weevil was collected in 24 additional counties during 1967 and is now known to occur in 74 counties of Missouri. Alfalfa weevil adults and larvae were collected in IOWA for the first time in 1967, but populations remained very low. The pest was found in Clinton, Des Moines, Lee, Muscatine, and Scott Counties in June. Surveys in other southeast counties of Iowa were negative. Alfalfa weevil was found for the first time in Racine, Walworth, and Rock Counties, WISCONSIN, during 1967. Night surveys in these counties for first 2 weeks of May produced 2 adults in Kenosha County. During the period June 12-23, larval surveys revealed 2 infested areas in Kenosha County. Repeated night surveys during late October produced a total of 26 adults from the four counties, the majority from Kenosha County. Alfalfa weevil was heaviest in the southern third to one-quarter of ILLINOIS where damage was severe to alfalfa. Counts of 50 per sweep were common. Counts of 5 per sweep were common in the céntral area. This pest is now known to occur in all but Jo Daviess, Stephenson, Winnebago, and Ogle Counties in north- western Illinois. Alfalfa weevil damaged most fields south of U.S. Highway 40 and some fields north of this line. Treatments were made once to 47,159 acres, twice to 10,899 acres, and three times to 229 acres. A total of 18 releases of hymenopterous parasites was made in Illinois during 1967. Alfalfa weevil was collected for the first time in 26 northern counties of INDIANA and now occurs statewide. Eggs hatched in early March,but cool wet weather during mid-March delayed larval development in southern areas. Adult emergence peaked in the southern third of Indiana in early May. Economic infestations occurred throughout the southern half of the State. Larvae ranged 64-463 per square foot of untreated alfalfa in the southern third of the State and 16-87 per square foot in the area from U.S. Highway 50 northward to U.S. Highway 40. From Indianapolis northwest to State Route 28, economic infestations of 8-22 per sweep occurred in 50-75 per- cent of the 1966 fall-seeded alfalfa. Economic infestations are expected to occur throughout the southern two-thirds of Indiana during 1968. The first positive larval determination for MICHIGAN was made of specimens collected on July 17 from 2 fields of second-cutting alfalfa in Lenawee County. Surveys during May showed this pest to occur in 21 counties in the State. This weevil is expected to become serious on alfalfa within the next 5 years in Michigan. Larvae will probably be common but light in many areas of Lower Michigan during 1968. Controls will be needed in southern counties by 1969. = L33e> Alfalfa weevil larval populations increased in OHIO during warm weather in early April. Some minor early damage was evident. First and second instars infested 20-60 percent of alfalfa terminals by April 2-8. Unfavorable weather in north- central and northeastern areas retarded population increases generally. A north to south foliage differential of 3-4 weeks was apparent. Populations began to develop in the northeastern area by mid-April. Populations in the southwestern area, however, already ranged 50-80 larvae per sweep and crop damage ranged up to 40 percent. Alfalfa appeared "frosty" in untreated southern area fields by the first of May. Low temperatures and rain throughout Ohio during most of May retarded larval population increases. Some northern fields, which had damaging populations, began to recover, but warmer weather in late May accelerated damage. In southern counties many larvae had pupated and some adults of the 1967 gener- ation had emerged. Overwintering adults, eggs, and larvae continued present in June in northern counties. Damage was most apparent in central and southern Ohio with the first cutting of alfalfa during early June. Damage to uncut and untreated stands increased through much of June. Pupation was underway in northeastern sections, but larvae were damaging through most of June. During the latter half of June damage decreased. In southern Ohio, new adults had dispersed and some had entered aestivation. Many of these adults remained active through mid-July. Control was complicated by unusual weather. Inadequate control re- sulted from improper timing and other reasons. Economic damage was not extensive in untreated alfalfa in the northwest area during 1967, but populations are expected to be sufficiently heavy in 1968 to merit treatment. Alfalfa weevil was heavy in alfalfa in ALABAMA where the total number of acres planted to this crop continued to decrease. This pest also damaged clovers, vetches, and other legumes in the State during 1967. Heavy oviposition began in January in ARKANSAS and by January 10,eggs averaged as high as 562 per square foot. First larvae appeared February 10. Warm weather during February and March favored development. Treatment was necessary by mid-March in the eastern area. By late March high larval counts ranged 25-50 per square foot. Alfalfa weevil was the most important pest of alfalfa in VIRGINIA again this year. It caused much damage to first and second cuttings. Larvae were active about 2 weeks earlier in Rockingham County than in 1966. Larval injury was heavy to unprotected and poorly sprayed first-growth alfalfa in all areas of MARYLAND as was expected. Some second-growth alfalfa was damaged in central sections. Eggs were found in 10 percent of stems examined in a field near Salisbury during July. Alfalfa weevil feeding was heavy in all areas of DELAWARE where controls were not applied. Populations in NEW JERSEY during May and June were less abundant than in 1965 and 1966. Larval populations peaked about 1-2 weeks later than normal. Counts reached 200 per sweep in Warren and Middlesex Counties in early June. Injury to first-crop alfalfa increased slightly in 1967. Larvae and adults caused light injury to alfalfa during early August in several Warren County fields. Low winter and spring temperatures reduced the viability of eggs laid in 1966 to 30 percent by April 1967 in one Middlesex County field. The number of eggs laid in this same field by December 1, 1967, was much lower than in 1966. Alfalfa weevil larvae appeared in a 5-county area in southern PENNSYLVANIA in April, making 2 insecticide applications necessary before harvest. Larvae appeared later than usual in the remainder of the State. Damage was severe in the northwestern corner of Pennsylvania. Alfalfa weevil continued the most important forage pest in NEW YORK. It now occurs generally throughout the State but is not generally damaging in the northerm area. Damage was heavy to alfalfa in Tompkins, Cortland, Tioga, Seneca, and parts of Cayuga Counties during 1967. Despite warnings, controls were not applied and much damage occurred to first and second cuttings. Oviposition was underway in RHODE ISLAND by May 10. Larval feeding did not become evident until June 1, but by June 16 damaging populations were present. Alfalfa weevil caused widespread damage to alfalfa in the Champlain Valley of VERMONT. Damage was heavy in scattered areas north to Stowe, Lamoille County. Damage was also noted in Orleans County, a new county record. This weevil infested alfalfa in southwestern MAINE during 1967. Northern and eastern - 134 - limits are generally confined to a line connecting Andover, Farmington, Winslow, Augusta, and Woolwich, indicating entry into the State prior to 1966. Infesta- tions observed were generally low. Alfalfa weevil and/or EGYPTIAN ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera brunneipennis) caused much loss to the first and second cuttings of alfalfa in areas of CALIFORNIA. Egyptian alfalfa weevil egg laying in ARIZONA during January was unusually light. Larval populations began to build up in late February and reached a peak in late March in Maricopa, Pinal, and Yuma Counties. Larval infestations could still be found in some alfalfa in early June. CLOVER LEAF WEEVIL (Hypera punctata) populations were heavier in the southern two- thirds of INDIANA early in the 1967 season than for the past 4 years. Larval populations ranged 3-75 per square foot on clover and alfalfa during April. This pest was often mistaken for alfalfa weevil, especially in central and .~ northern areas where heavy damage warranted treatment. Larval populations were heavier in southwestern, southeastern, and east-southeastern ILLINOIS than for the past several years. - Larvae ranged up to 40 per square foot in some areas. Disease aided in the control of a potential outbreak. An estimated 6,845 acres were treated for control in Illinois. In IOWA, populations of economic importance ranged 4-12 per square foot during mid-May in 8 southwestern counties. Larvae occurred in other areas of the State, but many were diseased which may have reduced populations. Clover leaf weevil required controls in northeastern KANSAS and was troublesome in many eastern areas of the State during March and April. Populations were heaviest in Cowley, Sumner, and Butler Counties where some controls were applied. Clover leaf weevil infested an occasional field of alfalfa in OKLAHOMA during 1967. Populations were light in the East TEXAS area and damaged some clover in mid-April. Clover leaf weevil caused local damage in the Flowell area of Millard County and in the Spanish Fork area of Utah County, UTAH. Clover leaf weevil was medium in some alfalfa fields in Lyon County, NEVADA, but did not require controls. LESSER CLOVER LEAF WEEVIL (Hypera nigrirostris) heavily damaged buds of trefoil in the Champlain Valley area of VERMONT. This weevil infested many clover fields in northeastern KANSAS in June, but populations remained below economic levels. Populations were not economic in IOWA. Larvae of this weevil and possibly CLOVER HEAD WEEVIL (H. meles) damaged a few fields of red clover in ILLINOIS but no counts were made. Clover head weevil populations were low in 22 counties in MISSOURI. Larvae first appeared in the eastern area of TEXAS about mid-April.and populations were generally light to heavy in the area during May. In ALABAMA, clover head weevil was again a serious pest in the seed production of crimson clover. CLOVER ROOT CURCULIO (Sitona hispidula) was light in the East TEXAS area, damaging some clover in mid-April. This pest was occasionally reported on alfalfa in OKLAHOMA. Adults of this curculio ranged 60-70 per 100 sweeps in alfalfa in northwest ARKANSAS in early June and ranged low to moderate on this same crop in Butler, Cowley, and Sumner Counties, KANSAS, during the month. In NEW YORK, clover root curculio was not generally heavy. Howéver, alfalfa roots were severely damaged in at least 2 fields in the central area of the State where larvae killed the plants. CLOVER SEED WEEVIL (Miccotrogus picirostris) infested clover in eastern NORTH DAKOTA, where populations have been increasing for the past several years. Previously not known to occur in MISSOURI, this weevil was collected from red clover in Schuyler and Sullivan Counties during 1967. A JAPANESE WEEVIL (Calomycterus setarius) damaged 10 acres of crownvetch seedlings during August in PENNSYLVANIA for the first report of economic damage by this pest in the State. ALFALFA SNOUT BEETLE (Brachyrhinus ligustici) was very light during 1967 in NEW YORK. However, new areas Of infestation were found in Cayuga County and in the Thousand Island area in Jefferson County. =) L390) )— PALE-STRIPED FLEA BEETLE (Systena blanda) adults, up to 160 per 100 sweeps, damaged alfalfa south of Murdo in Jones County, east of White River in Mellette County, and west of Winner in Tripp County, SOUTH DAKOTA, during late June and early July. In ARIZONA, another FLEA BEETLE (S. bitaeniata) migrated from desert areas and fed heavily on alfalfa in Graham County in early June. Larvae of a CARRION BEETLE (Silpha bituberosa) damaged a 40-acre field of alfalfa hay near Grace, IDAHO. Nearly full-grown larvae were present throughout the field which is unusual for this species in the State. PEA APHID (Acyrthosiphon pisum) was more prevalent in CALIFORNIA than for the past several years, infesting alfalfa from late spring until fall. This pest was abundant on alfalfa, hairy vetch, purple vetch, and Austrian Winter peas in the central Willamette Valley of OREGON during May and early June. Counts averaged 1,700 per 25 sweeps on May 25. Populations were heavy on alfalfa in Crook County in September. Regrowth of alfalfa was seriously affected. Counts averaged 7-25 per sweep in alfalfa at various localities in Franklin and Walla Walla Counties, WASHINGTON, during February. Sprays were applied in April and May. Pea aphid was generally low on alfalfa in Butte County and Austrian Winter peas in Idaho and Clearwater Counties, IDAHO, from June into July. Parasites and predators were numerous in these areas. Unusually low populations became heavy on alfalfa seed fields in Canyon and Owyhee Counties by early August. Pea aphid was unusually heavy in Lyon County, NEVADA, in early April and required controls. Populations in other counties were below 1966 levels and were held in check by parasites and predators. Economic populations appeared on alfalfa during February in Maricopa, Pinal, and Yuma Counties, ARIZONA. From early March through late July populations were light to heavy despite heavy parasitism in localized areas. A moderate buildup occurred again during early December in Yuma County, Arizona. Pea aphid was generally below normal in UTAH. However, several thousand acres of alfalfa were damaged in portions of San Juan, Washington, Grand, Uintah, Garfield, Emery, Morgan, Piute, and Rich Counties. Controls were applied to 3.5 thousand acres in Millard County. Pea aphid was light on alfalfa early in the season in COLORADO but ranged moderate to heavy at midseason. Convergent lady beetle (Hippodamia convergens) was the most important predator of pea aphid in Colorado during 1967. Infestations ranged light to heavy in most alfalfa-growing areas of NEW MEXICO. Pea aphid was light on alfalfa and vetch in Brazoria and Delta Counties, TEXAS, early in the year. Populations increased to 100-200 per square foot by late March in ARKANSAS, with alates present. By early May, counts ranged 500-600 per 100 sweeps. The increase continued into late summer due to unusually cool weather. Activity in OKLAHOMA was first noted on alfalfa during early February in Jackson County. Populations had increased rapidly by mid-March in northeast, central, east-central, and southwest Oklahoma. Counts on alfalfa were as high as 800 per sweep in Muskogee County and 3,000 per square foot of crown area in Tillman County. However, numbers were light to medium in north-central, south- east, and northwest areas. With a few exceptions, populations declined during the summer and built up in October. By mid-November, pea aphid ranged up to 50 per sweep in northeastern and north-central counties. Counts during December in alfalfa ranged light to medium in southeastern Oklahoma. Pea aphid reached high levels in southeastern KANSAS in early April and damaged some alfalfa. Counts varied elsewhere. Populations were economic in northeastern and east- central areas. Parasites and predators decreased populations below economic levels in all areas of Kansas by mid-May. Pea aphid increased rapidly in eastern and southeastern NEBRASKA during May, but natural control agents reduced these large populations. No economic damage was observed in 1967. Pea aphid was the most common aphid on alfalfa in SOUTH DAKOTA. In mid-May, 125 per 100 sweeps infested 6 to 8-inch alfalfa in Yankton County. Populations continued to increase through June in southeastern and western sections, particularly near Oral, Fall River County, and in Lawrence County where counts ranged 10-100 per sweep. Pea aphid was heavy on second-crop alfalfa in east-central and southeastern NORTH DAKOTA. Populations of 28,000 per 100 sweeps were common. This insect and drought late in the summer retarded second-growth alfalfa. A buildup of parasites and predators such as syrphid fly larvae, lady beetles, and braconids = Nae = late in the season aided in reducing pea aphid populations in North Dakota. Pea aphid ranged moderate to heavy (82 per sweep) in Lee County, IOWA, the week ending May 12. Populations remained exceptionally low from late May through late August. Populations increased in September and ranged up to 7 per sweep just before frost. Pea aphid populations on alfalfa began increasing during mid-March in southwestern MISSOURI and continued until mid-April when counts ranged 200-2,500 per 10 sweeps. This aphid was apparently the most serious pest of alfalfa in the southwestern area. During April and May numbers were high on alfalfa throughout southern and central Missouri. During late August and early September counts ranged 300-1,000+ per 10 sweeps in the southeastern area. In ILLINOIS pea aphid populations peaked at 250 per sweep with damage apparent. High soil moisture allowed plants to with- stand feeding. Parasites, predators, and disease reduced populations by early May. Overwintering eggs on alfalfa hatched the first week of April in southern WISCONSIN. Alates were noted by April 21. Parasitism and disease were abundant early. Pea aphid populations increased to a high level, then°decreased rapidly due to parasitism, disease, and heavy rain. Numbers remained low until August when populations increased in some southern area alfalfa. Counts were variable in August but remained generally low into October. Adults and nymphal populations remained low on alfalfa in MICHIGAN. Numbers were generally much lower than during any season since 1963. ~— Pea aphid populations were generally moderate to heavy, ranging 46-340 per sweep, from April 15 to May 5 in southern INDIANA. Populations declined until mid- August when counts again increased to an average of 35 per sweep. Counts ranged 6-13 per sweep during mid-May in central and northern districts. Populations declined after mid-May and remained low throughout the season. Pea aphid was not significant on forage legumes in OHIO. This pest was first noted on alfalfa the first week of April in the southeastern area and increased through most of May. Numbers declined and remained generally noneconomic throughout the summer. Pea aphid was very light on forage legumes in the spring through most of NEW YORK. Infestations did increase on alfalfa in the Wyoming and Erie County areas late in the season, however. This aphid was also light on alfalfa in RHODE ISLAND. Although the pea aphid buildup during June in NEW JERSEY was heavier than during the past 2 seasons, damage was very light. Populations were much below normal on alfalfa in MARYLAND, with only a few fields having counts of over 100 per sweep. Pea aphid was generally very light on alfalfa in VIRGINIA and damage was minor. This aphid was common on small alfalfa fields in the Gainesville area of FLORIDA during March. THREE-CORNERED ALFALFA HOPPER (Spissistilus festinus) was heavy on alfalfa in Washington County, but lighter in Kane County, UTAH. Light to moderate numbers were active from April through mid-September throughout ARIZONA. Populations were moderate to heavy in Yuma County from July to October. Serious damage was evident in alfalfa at Yuma. Heavy damage occurred in Maricopa and Pinal Counties during August. In OKLAHOMA counts ranged 6-12 per 10 Sweeps in alfalfa. It was of some economic importance in TEXAS. In ARKANSAS the highest infestation found was 168 in 100 sweeps on alfalfa in the southwest area in August. No control was reported. Adults were active until mid-November. Three-cornered alfalfa hopper was moderate, 42 per 10 sweeps, on alfalfa in southeast MISSOURI during mid-September. MEADOW SPITTLEBUG (Philaenus spumarius) populations in IDAHO were general in Idaho County with late instars dominant in mid-June. Stem infestations in alfalfa ranged up to 50 percent with at least one nymph per stem and an overall average infestation of 10 percent. Meadow spittlebug was reported for the first time in MISSOURI. It was collected from alfalfa and red clover in 12 northeastern counties. Spittle masses in IOWA averaged one per 10 stems of alfalfa or clover in the last week of May. On June 12 the first adult was reported from the east- central area. During the week ending July 28, populations reached a high of 15 per sweep in east-central and southeastern areas. Meadow spittlebug was not important in ILLINOIS in 1967. The annual fall survey indicated a decline in populations. In some southern areas of WISCONSIN eggs began to hatch on alfalfa on April 19. In mid-May nymphal counts of 1-5 per 10 stems were common. os Ist = Populations, as usual,were highest in the southwestern counties. Adults began to appear by June 16. Late in June over 10 per sweep were common. Adult numbers remained high through September, but by November were very low in the south- eastern counties. The late cutting of alfalfa, due to rains, allowed a_ large number of nymphs to mature in 1967. The first nymphs of the season in INDIANA were found in the south-central district the last week in March. In mid-April hatch began in the central district. Adults emerged during late May in the southern district but during mid to late June in central and northern districts. Nymphs ranged 1-64 per square foot in the southern district. Nymphs were much more abundant (6-22 per square foot) in 1967 than for several years in the central and northern areas. First meadow spittlebug nymphs of the season in OHIO were noted in the southeastern area in late March. Populations increased through April and May. By late May adults were common in clover and alfalfa in southern counties. By mid-June some dispersion of adults was in progress across the State. In early June up to 30 nymphs per sweep infested alfalfa, but neither damage nor unusually large numbers were more prominent than they have been in recent years. Nymphal populations were heavy in clover in central VIRGINIA. Up to 7 per 10 stems, the heaviest numbers in the past 2 years, infested alfalfa. On April 6 in MARYLAND the first nymphs were found in Queen Annes County. Populations were generally noneconomic except for Several heavy infestations on red clover in the central and western counties. This spittlebug was widespread in RHODE ISLAND, but a decline in populations noted in past years appeared more apparent. Infestations of unspecified spittlebugs in NEW YORK were very light in most areas,although they were heavy on birdsfoot trefoil in certain eastern and far western areas. TARNISHED PLANT BUG (Lygus lineolaris) heavily damaged trefoil seed production in the Champlain Valley of VERMONT. This plant bug was especially heavy every- where in NEW YORK where it damaged a wide variety of forage crops. Nymphs and adults were abundant in many fields of blooming alfalfa and red clover in all areas of MARYLAND from May to August. In OHIO it was the most common plant bug on alfalfa in 1967. Adults were present by mid-April. From mid-July to early August up to 5 per sweep were collected in many counties. Adults and nymphs of tarnished plant bug averaged 3 per sweep during late April in the southern half of INDIANA. From late April through August populations ranged 1-2 per sweep on clover and alfalfa throughout the State. Numbers were lower in 1967 than in 1966. In WISCONSIN overwintering adults became active in the last week of March. By the first week of April adult counts ran as high as 15 per 100 sweeps. Nymphs began appearing early in June. Early in July the population had increased to about 5 per sweep and remained at that level throughout the summer. Tarnished plant bug was noneconomic in alfalfa throughout NORTH DAKOTA. High counts of 24 per 100 sweeps occurred in the southeast area. Light to moderate numbers occurred all season throughout IOWA and no damage was evident. Tarnished plant bug was light on alfalfa throughout NEBRASKA. Light to moderate numbers infested alfalfa in OKLAHOMA from early April through December. Numbers ranged 6-15 per 10 sweeps statewide, but averaged 60 per 10 sweeps in one Payne County field. LYGUS BUGS (Lygus spp.) were moderate in north-central and central KANSAS during May and June. Elsewhere populations remained low. Lygus bugs were common on alfalfa in southern NEW MEXICO from early spring until after frost. A cyclic pattern of mostly adults and then mostly nymphs infested alfalfa in ARIZONA. Populations were light in most counties from November 1966 through June 1967. However, infestations ranged moderate to heavy from mid-May into October in Cochise County. lLygus bugs were serious in most alfalfa-growing areas of CALIFORNIA. Infestations in NEVADA were about normal in the alfalfa seed growing area. Population increases began slightly later than usual. In UTAH L. elisus, L. hesperus, and Lygus spp. damaged seed crop alfalfa wherever they were not controlled. Population increases were also later than normal. Damage was not as great as in many seasons. Lygus spp. infested every field sampled in MONTANA. High populations infested alfalfa in Gallatin, Carter, and Roosevelt Counties. — lor = ALFALFA PLANT BUG (Adelphocoris lineolatus) was noneconomic in all areas of NORTH DAKOTA; high populations of 100 per 100 Sweeps occurred in the northwestern area. A survey conducted the first of July showed all fields checked in Faulk, Edmunds, McPherson, Campbell, and Walworth Counties, SOUTH DAKOTA, were infested. Populations ranged from 100 to 200 adults per 100 sweeps. Alfalfa plant bug remained low throughout the season in KANSAS. Infestations remained noneconomic in all areas of IOWA. A high count of 5 per sweep occurred in the south-central area in June. All stages of alfalfa plant bug were common on alfalfa by mid- June in WISCONSIN. Populations were highest in the central counties and lowest in the southwestern counties. Counts averaged 5+ per sweep during the summer. Peak adult populations ranged 4-9 per sweep during late June in central and northern INDIANA. During middle and late August in the southern districts the population ranged 1-3 per sweep. In NEW YORK alfalfa plant bug was very common on birdsfoot trefoil. RAPID PLANT BUG (Adelphocoris rapidus) was noneconomic in all areas of IOWA and remained low throughout the season in KANSAS. This plant bug was occasionally reported on alfalfa in OKLAHOMA. SAY STINK BUG (Pitedia sayi) was heavy on Peruvian alfalfa at Bullhead City, Mohave County, ARIZONA, in late September. Light populations caused scattered, light damage to alfalfa seed in UTAH. WESTERN YELLOW-STRIPED ARMYWORM (Prodenia praefica) damaged seed alfalfa during August in Walla Walla County, WASHINGTON. Larvae migrated from cut to uncut fields. Controls were applied. This pest caused much damage in Malheur and Umatilla Counties, OREGON, during August and September. Western yellow-striped armyworm populations were heavier during 1967 than for _several years in CALIFORNIA and were very damaging to alfalfa throughout the State. Infestations in NEVADA began increasing during late July in Churchill, Lyon, Pershing, and Washoe Counties. For the first time in several years controls were required through September. Western yellow-striped armyworm caused moderate damage throughout UTAH. Larvae damaged alfalfa seed crops in Millard County where controls were necessary. YELLOW-STRIPED ARMYWORM (Prodenia ornithogalli) was moderate to heavy on alfalfa in Yuma County, ARIZONA, from September through October and was moderate in Maricopa County from mid-October to early November. Light populations in most alfalfa in KANSAS during July and August caused no damage. BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) was heavy in many fields of alfalfa in Yuma County, ARIZONA, from September through December. In Maricopa and Pinal Counties infestations were heavy in October, moderate in November, and light in December. Beet armyworm larvae ranged 50-75 per 100 sweeps on alfalfa in southwest ARKANSAS during early September. This pest is rare in that State. FALL ARMYWORM (Spodoptera frugiperda) was unusually heavy on alfalfa in ARKANSAS during 1967. This pest was active on alfalfa in OKLAHOMA from early August through mid-September. Infestations were heavy in isolated fields in central, south-central, and southeastern areas. ALFALFA LOOPER (Autographa californica) larvae averaged 1-3 per 50 sweeps on legumes in the central Willamette Valley of OREGON during June. Damage was very light. Infestations were heavy at a few locations in CALIFORNIA. Alfalfa looper caused moderate damage to some alfalfa in Cache, San Juan, and Millard Counties, UTAH. GREEN CLOVERWORM (Plathypena scabra) ranged light to moderate in most alfalfa in KANSAS with little damage reported. Light populations damaged alfalfa from mid- August to mid-November in OKLAHOMA. - 139 = VARIEGATED CUTWORM (Peridroma saucia) caused heavy damage to newly planted alfalfa fields in Maricopa County, ARIZONA, during November. GARDEN WEBWORM (Loxostege similalis) was heavier than normal on alfalfa during mid-July in ARKANSAS but remained at low levels in all areas of KANSAS during the season. ALFALFA CATERPILLAR (Colias eurytheme) adult emergence was heavy during early September in Umatilla County, OREGON. Larvae were very prevalent in most alfalfa- growing areas of CALIFORNIA from June to October and damaged late cuttings in Clark County, NEVADA, in the fall. Populations and damage were generally light in UTAH. In ARIZONA, larvae of alfalfa caterpillar were light during February in Yuma County, during April in Cochise County, and during June in Maricopa County. Adult flights first occurred during May at Yuma and were heavy during July in Cochise, Graham, Greenlee, Pinal, Pima, and Maricopa Counties. Adults and larvae were moderate to heavy from June to November at Yuma and were active in northern and central counties through October. Adults and larvae were abundant in many fields of alfalfa in southern and central NEW MEXICO during July, August, and September. Light alfalfa caterpillar larval populations damaged alfalfa from mid-August to mid-November in OKLAHOMA but caused no damage in eastern KANSAS. This pest was noneconomic in ARKANSAS and IOWA, although reproduction in alfalfa continued through December in Arkansas. ALFALFA SEED CHALCID (Bruchophagus roddi) larvae in NEW MEXICO were widespread and heavy in San Juan, Rio Arriba, Bernalillo, Taos, and Sandoval County alfalfa. Specimens were found for the first time in the Isleta areas of Bernalillo County and Valencia area in Valencia County, where light populations caused only minor damage. In the more heavily infested areas infestations did decrease in intensity after the first cutting of alfalfa. Alfalfa seed chalcid was locally damaging to alfalfa seed in CALIFORNIA. Infestations in NEVADA were the most severe yet encountered in Humboldt, Lander, and Pershing Counties, being much heavier than during 1966. Heaviest damage occurred in Lander County. Up to 20 percent loss was estimated in individual fields in both Lander and Humboldt Counties. Damage to alfalfa in UTAH was about average. Alfalfa seed chalcid decreased the yield of alfalfa seed in Rosebud and Carbon Counties in MONTANA. A CRICKET (Nemobius fasciatus) continued a pest of crimson, white, and other clovers in pastures and sod in ALABAMA during August through November, especially throughout central and western counties. The very heavy population fed on 2 to 8-leaf seedlings and weakened or destroyed stands of clover. Unusually high numbers of FIELD CRICKETS (Gryllus spp.) infested alfalfa in SOUTH DAKOTA during September. Adult counts of 5-10 per square yard were common in Brookings, Meade, Haakon, Stanley, and Corson Counties. Field cricket populations of 5 per square foot were common in southeastern NORTH DAKOTA late in the 1967 season. A SPIDER MITE (Tetranychus sp.) was heavy and webbed alfalfa in Walla Walla County, WASHINGTON. Control was applied. TWO-SPOTTED SPIDER MITE (T. urticae) damaged forage crops in WASHINGTON, especially in central and eastern areas. This spider mite also damaged alfalfa plantings in a few areas of CALIFORNIA. Two-spotted spider mite necessitated controls in alfalfa seed fields near Parma, IDAHO. BROWN WHEAT MITE (Petrobia latens) populations were damaging on alfalfa in Lincoln County, NEVADA, in May, but numbers were below normal in other areas. This mite discolored some alfalfa foliage in parts of Bernalillo and Sandoval Counties, NEW MEXICO, in May and early June. WESTERN FLOWER THRIPS (Frankliniella occidentalis) was heavy on alfalfa in a few CALIFORNIA locations. In NEVADA heavy numbers damaged buds and leaves of alfalfa in Clark County in April. In ARIZONA the peak periods of moderate to heavy infestations on alfalfa occurred from April through June in Cochise County, during April in Maricopa County, and April to May in Yuma County. - 140 - SOYBEANS Highlights: BEAN LEAF BEETLE was more widespread in central Minnesota. MEXICAN BEAN BEETLE was economic in Maryland, Virginia, and Alabama. FALL ARMYWORM was the major pest in Arkansas. A NOCTUID MOTH complex caused various damage in Florida. CONCHUELA was very heavy in Johnston and Wagoner Counties, and GREEN STINK BUG was evident in central Oklahoma. BEAN LEAF BEETLE (Cerotoma trifurcata) was moderate and damaging in a few scatter- ed fields in northeastern KANSAS in August. Numbers were low elsewhere. Populations were noneconomic throughout NEBRASKA. Infestations were more widespread in central MINNESOTA with highest numbers in southern Renville County. Some fields were sprayed in Brown County. Damage was most noticeable 2-3 rods in from field margins. Populations were light in ILLINOIS and were generally light throughout 1967 in VIRGINIA. Populations were generally noneconomic on the Eastern Shore of MARYLAND,although adults damaged some fields during the summer. MEXICAN BEAN BEETLE (Epilachna varivestis) heavily damaged several hundred acres in Worcester County, MARYLAND, in late 1967. In VIRGINIA moderate to heavy numbers and much leaf damage were evident during September and early October. Infestations were serious in isolated fields in southwestern ALABAMA, especially southern Baldwin County. Mexican bean beetle was lighter in other areas throughout the State. Adults of A JAPANESE WEEVIL (Calomycterus setarius) caused heavy foliage injury to over 2 acres of young soybeans in Queen Annes County, MARYLAND, during June. This was the first record of damage to soybeans by this weevil in the State. Unspecified WHITE GRUBS destroyed large areas in 15 fields in Ida County, IOWA, with some losses reported in Sac County. GREEN CLOVERWORM (Plathypena scabra) larvae heavily damaged foliage on 85 acres in St. Marys County, MARYLAND, and caused much "ragging" of leaves in central and northern ALABAMA. Populations were minor in 1967 in OKLAHOMA,: but were -moderate with heavy feeding on leaves in northeast and east-central KANSAS in August. Populations were noneconomic in NEBRASKA and averaged 5 per sweep in a few fields in central and eastern ILLINOIS. FALL ARMYWORM (Spodoptera frugiperda) was the major pest on soybeans in ARKANSAS as separate generations were present in July and August. Numbers were heaviest on one-foot-high soybeans and on plants in the lowest areas of fields. Fall armyworm was detected in nearly all areas of TEXAS, except the High Plains, and damage was economic. BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) infested soybeans in some areas of Texas. VELVETBEAN: CATERPILLAR (Anticarsia gemmatalis) was serious in isolated fields in 2 coastal counties of ALABAMA. Populations were heaviest in the southwestern area and extended northward into Lowndes, Dallas, and Montgomery Counties. A NOCTUID MOTH (Pseudoplusia includens) was the dominant looper on soybeans through- out the State. Damage by this Species and CABBAGE LOOPER (Trichoplusia ni) occurred mostly in coastal Alabama. Damage was lighter in central and northern areas of the State. A NOCTUID complex composed of velvetbean caterpillar, Pseudoplusia includens, GRANULATE CUTWORM (Feltia subterranea) , TOBACCO BUDWORM Heliothis virescens), and Prodenia sp. infested soybeans in FLORIDA. Larvae were heavy in some spots, but overall infestations were light enough in other areas to make controls unnecessary. From late August through early September, larval populations became heavy throughout Escambia County and very heavy in Calhoun, Jackson, and Washington Counties. In one 160-acre field, larvae averaged 17 per 3 row feet in 10 random samples. Defoliation and pod damage were heavy. Most fields were treated 3 times. - 141 - LESSER CORNSTALK BORER (Elasmopalpus lignosellus) was severe but less general in ALABAMA. Damage was serious to a few young fields in the southwestern area, especially in Monroe County. Populations were occasionally severe in FLORIDA. About 50 percent of a 75-acre block was damaged or destroyed in Levy County during June. BROWN STINK BUG (Euschistus servus) and SOUTHERN GREEN STINK BUG (Nezara viridula) occurred throughout ALABAMA. Numbers became troublesome after pod development in 2 coastal counties, although damage was less in 1967 than 1966. CONCHUELA (Pitedia ligata) was very heavy on soybeans in Johnston and Wagoner Counties, OKLAHOMA. GREEN STINK BUG (Acrosternum hilare) damaged soybeans in north-central, south-central, central, and east-central Oklahoma during September and early October. In southeastern KANSAS green stink bug remained below economic levels during the summer. Elevator operators in the area reported very light damage with many samples undamaged. STRAWBERRY SPIDER MITE (Tetranychus atlanticus) was very light on soybeans in DELAWARE with no damage observed or reported. This spider mite first appeared on soybeans in MARYLAND early in July. Thereafter, damage ranged moderate to heavy in many fields on the lower Eastern Shore. : PEANUTS LESSER CORNSTALK BORER (Elasmopalpus lignosellus) was heavy in a 30-acre field in Marion County, FLORIDA, during May. FALL ARMYWORM (Spodoptera frugiperda) caused little damage in VIRGINIA during 1967, but heavily defoliated peanuts in Marion and Levy Counties, Florida. In ALABAMA, fall armyworm and VELVETBEAN CATERPILLAR (Anticarsia gemmatalis) fed on the leaves in mixed populations with unspecified cutworms, CORN EARWORM (Heliothis zea), and TOBACCO BUDWORM (H. virescens), and like GRANULATE CUTWORM (Feltia Subterranea), was less important in 1967 than in 1966. Granulate cutworm lightly damaged peanuts in several southeastern counties. Fall armyworm Caused economic damage to peanuts and BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) infested this crop in some areas of TEXAS. In OKLAHOMA, RED-NECKED PEANUTWORM (Stegasta bosqueella) infested or damaged 50-100 percent of the terminals checked in Bryan and Johnston Counties. Damage ranged light to moderate in other areas. Red-necked peanutworm damage to terminal growth was less in the Portales area of NEW MEXICO this summer than in 1966. TOBACCO THRIPS (Frankliniella fusca) damage on young peanuts through the 9-county growing area of ALABAMA was lighter during 1967 than in 1966, but controls were generally necessary. This pest was a problem on this crop during April and May in Marion County, FLORIDA. fFrankliniella spp. were moderate to heavy on peanuts in OKLAHOMA during June and July. Although BURROWING STINK BUGS (Tominotus communis and Pangaeus bilineatus), were serious pests in southeastern ALABAMA in 1966, almost no problems occurred during the cool, damp summer of 1967. = 1D = COTTON Highlights: BOLL WEEVIL was heaviest since 1962 in Alabama and heaviest and most widespread in many years in Arkansas. BOLLWORMS were the heaviest since 1963 in Arkansas and BOLLWORM became a major pest of cotton throughout Alabama as well as heavily damaging cotton in Arizona. COTTON LEAF PERFORATOR caused heavy damage in Maricopa, Pinal, and Yuma Counties, Arizona. LYGUS BUGS increased to heavy levels by midseason in California. A thrips complex including TOBACCO THRIPS and FLOWER THRIPS produced the heaviest infestations on record in Missouri. MITES generally were a problem in California. BOLL WEEVIL (Anthonomus grandis) infestations were economic in MISSOURI for the first time since 1961. Infestations increased from early August until the first freeze. A total of 928 acres was treated. Poor crop prospects discouraged proper control practices. Heavier populations than any year since 1962 damaged cotton throughout ALABAMA. Survival of first-generation eggs, larvae, and pupae was very high. Overwintering weevils emerged in heavy numbers. The first "hatchout'" in June and July was very heavy and a constant buildup occurred with each succeeding generation. Very high numbers entered hibernation. In ARKANSAS boll weevil infestations were the heaviest and most widespread in many years. Infestations were high in the extreme northeast where numbers are generally light. Activity began in early June in OKLAHOMA,and by mid-July counts ranged moderate to heavy in most areas and remained so the rest of the season. Overwintering emergence was unusually high in early 1967 in the Blacklands and eastern TEXAS. BOLLWORM (Heliothis zea) became a major pest of cotton throughout ALABAMA following a buildup of 2 or more generations on clovers, vetch, and corn. Constant rainy conditions in the northern area made coordination of controls difficult, but infestations were not as severe as last year. Bollworm and TOBACCO BUDWORM (H. virescens) built up in MISSOURI in July and continued until the first killing frost. By the second week in September, 90 percent of the scouted fields were infested. A total of 5,869 acres received chemical controls. Populations of Heliothis spp. in ARKANSAS were the heaviest since 1963. In 1967, 3.3 per- cent of the Heliothis determinations were H. virescens compared with 22.0 for the period in 1949-1952 and 3.1 percent for the period 1962-1967. H. zea damaged cotton in OKLAHOMA from mid-June to early August. Populations ranged moderate to heavy in northeastern, east-central, central, south-central, southwestern, and west-central areas during August. During September populations decreased to low levels. Bollworm and tobacco budworm occurred throughout TEXAS and were very light in the High Plains area. Economic infestations requiring chemical controls occurred in the eastern, north-central, Trans-Pecos, and southern areas. In NEW MEXICO, bollworm was moderate to heavy in occasional fields in the southern area during the summer. Economic losses were much lighter than usual. Bollworm eggs and larvae were light in early June and increased to moderate levels by mid-July in Maricopa, Pinal, Yuma, Pima, and Graham Counties, ARIZONA. In early September, heavy damage occurred in all cotton-growing counties. Larvae were still active in green bolls during December. Bollworm infestations were below normal in NEVADA. In CALIFORNIA damaging populations appeared in late June and increased throughout the season. Control was difficult. CABBAGE, LOOPER (Trichoplusia ni) and a NOCTUID MOTH (Pseudoplusia includens) appeared on cotton in ALABAMA as early as June, but larvae were not noticeable until August. These 2 loopers occurred in all fields, but specific controls were not applied. Cabbage looper was heavier in ARKANSAS than during 1966 but was noneconomic. This pest caused occasional damage in OKLAHOMA. Cabbage looper ranged light to heavy from May into October and BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) was light to moderate from mid-April through October in Maricopa, Pinal, and Yuma Counties, ARIZONA. Beet armyworm infestations in CALIFORNIA were - 143 - variable from midsummer through the remainder of the season. COTTON LEAF — PERFORATOR (Bucculatrix thurberiella) was very light on cotton in the desert areas of CALIFORNIA. This pest damaged cotton leaves in Maricopa, Pinal, and Yuma Counties, ARIZONA, during August and September and caused moderate damage in a few fields in October. Also in Arizona, SALT-MARSH CATERPILLAR (Estigmene acrea) was light to heavy in all counties during August. Many fields were | defoliated in September and larval migrations occurred in October. EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) was common in stalks and bolls of late-planted cotton in MISSOURI. COTTON APHID (Aphis gossypii) was the major aphid on cotton. Early infestations of 1-25 per plant occurred on 2 to 4-leaf cotton throughout ALABAMA. Large numbers of convergent lady beetles controlled these infestations in 10-20 days. Isolated infestations only occurred on seedlings in MISSOURI. Although a late season buildup followed bollworm control applications, the need for controls was eliminated by the first freeze. A total of 348 acres was treated. In OKLAHOMA damage ranged moderate to heavy in scattered fields of the south-central, west- central, and southwestern areas from July to mid-August. A moderate to heavy buildup was troublesome on cotton during May in Maricopa, Pinal, Yuma, and Cochise Counties, ARIZONA. Cotton aphid and GREEN PEACH APHID (Myzus persicae) were the major aphid species on cotton in CALIFORNIA. Generally, aphid populations were heavy in the State during May. COWPEA APHID (Aphis craccivora) appeared on cotton in the Mesilla and Pecos Valleys of NEW MEXICO during the Spring. Spotted light to heavy populations damaged some seedlings. LYGUS BUGS (Lygus spp.) built up to high levels in CALIFORNIA by midseason. Populations in NEVADA were lower than in previous years and less acreage was treated. lLygus bugs were light during May and June but were heavy from early July through August in all counties of ARIZONA. Light to heavy infestations were scattered throughout the State in September. Light to moderate infestations occurred in many cotton fields in southern NEW MEXICO during the spring, but damage was not extensive. A PLANT BUG complex of TARNISHED PLANT BUG (Lygus lineolaris), RAPID PLANT BUG (Adelphocoris rapidus), COTTON FLEAHOPPER (Psallus sSeriatus), and a PLANT BUG (Neurocolpus nubilus) infested up to 92 percent of the Scouted cotton acreage in MISSOURI at one time during the spring. These pests were economic in spots within certain fields, but field-wide averages were noneconomic. Controls were applied to only 160 acres. Cotton fleahopper caused occasional damage in- OKLAHOMA. Cotton fleahopper and another FLEAHOPPER (Spanogonicus albofasciatus) were light to moderate in many fields in southern NEW MEXICO during the spring, but damage was not extensive. LEAFHOPPERS caused much damage to cotton in scattered areas of CALIFORNIA. Weather conditions at the time infestations occurred probably intensified the damage. SAY STINK BUG (Pitedia sayi) migrations were heavy from safflower to cotton bolls during August and September in Maricopa and Pinal Counties, ARIZONA. Moderate feeding by WESTERN BROWN STINK BUG (Euschistus impictiventris) punctured bolls during August and September in all Arizona counties. Unspecified STINK BUGS were a problem in CALIFORNIA late in the season, especially in desert cotton. THRIPS damaged cotton early in the season in CALIFORNIA. In NEVADA some damage during early June required only spot treatments. WESTERN FLOWER THRIPS (Frankliniella occidentalis) was light to moderate on seedling and young cotton during April and May in Pinal, Maricopa, and Yuma Counties, ARIZONA. From mid- May through June light infestations appeared in Cochise and Graham Counties. Controls were applied in many fields. TOBACCO THRIPS (F. fusca) , FLOWER THRIPS (F. tritici), and Sericothrips variabilis produced the heaviest infestations on record in MISSOURI during 1967. Averages of over 100 thrips per plant were common. Weather conditions and late-planted cotton were ideal for buildup. As usual, tobacco and flower thrips infested cotton statewide in ALABAMA, especially on the 2 to 6-leaf stage. Control efforts were general in the northern area. - 144 - MITES in general were a problem in CALIFORNIA due to treatment for other pests and damage was variable. STRAWBERRY SPIDER MITE (Tetranychus atlanticus) and TWO-SPOTTED SPIDER MITE (T. urticae) were the dominant mites on cotton in the State. SPIDER MITES (Tetranychus spp.) were a minor problem in NEVADA and required limited control in May and early June. Various species of spider mites were light to heavy on cotton in Maricopa County, ARIZONA, from early September to early October. Strawberry spider mite occurred in only 6.4 percent of the scouted fields in MISSOURI. Spot and strip treatments were effective and entire fields were not treated. Two-spotted spider mite was limited mostly to the extreme northern area of ALABAMA and was not as serious as in 1966. As in 1966, the widespread use of preplant systemic insecticides contributed to early and midseason control. TOBACCO Highlights: POTATO TUBERWORM increased in 1967 over 1966 on tobacco in Florida. This increase is expected to continue in 1968. TOBACCO FLEA BEETLE caused damage in Maryland Virginia, and Florida. GREEN PEACH APHID was the major tobacco pest in Maryland and continued a problem all season in Florida. A FALSE CHINCH BUG was a new ~ pest of tobacco in Florida and infestations are expected to increase in 1968. CABBAGE LOOPER (Trichoplusia ni) infestations on cigar-wrapper tobacco in FLORIDA were lighter in 1967 than in 1966. Damage caused a one-percent loss of the crop. Predicted increases for 1967 did not materialize. However, the outlook for 1968 is for infestations to increase. CUTWORMS damaged several fields of newly transplanted tobacco in Mecklenburg and Pittsylvania Counties, VIRGINIA. BLACK CUTWORM (Agrotis ipsilon) , GRANULATE CUTWORM (Feltia subterranea), and VARIEGATED CUTWORM (Peridroma saucia) damage was moderate to young transplants in FLORIDA. POTATO TUBERWORM (Phthorimaea operculella) was light to moderate and increased in 1967 over 1966 in FLORIDA. Infestations have increased on cigar-wrapper tobacco the last 2 years and the problem is now serious since controls have only been partially effective. This pest infested 40 percent of the flue-cured tobacco on a 4-acre farm in Gilchrist County during late June. This species accounted for 0.4 percent of the tobaceo loss. The 1968 outlook is the same as that of 1967: Populations are expected to increase. BUDWORMS (Heliothis spp.) were generally light on tobacco in Pittsylvania, Halifax, and Mecklenburg Counties, VIRGINIA. These pests were widespread, but generally light to medium and noneconomic on tobacco during the season in MARYLAND. Populations of 2 broods of HORNWORMS (Manduca spp.) in VIRGINIA were very light in Pittsylvania, Halifax, Mecklenburg, and Brunswick Counties. A third brood infesting late maturing tobacco in Mecklenburg County caused some concern. BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) infestations on cigar-wrapper tobacco in FLORIDA were very light. TOBACCO FLEA BEETLE (Epitrix hirtipennis) adults ranged 5-20 per plant and were above normal on newly set tobacco in MARYLAND. Many leaves were damaged. Populations were heavy on late tobacco during August and September. Overwintered tobacco flea beetles ranged from light to heavy on new transplants in the southern tobacco-growing area of VIRGINIA. Damage was more apparent and extensive due to the cool weather retarding early growth of tobacco following transplanting. The second generation of tobacco flea beetle was light in Virginia and controls were generally not necessary. FLEA BEETLES were more abundant in the flue-cured - 145 - tobacco district of Suwannee, Lafayette, Jefferson, and adjoining counties in FLORIDA during the spring than in recent years. Damage was moderate to heavy on cigar-wrapper tobacco only where controls were improperly applied. WIREWORMS were heavy on a farm in Lafayette County, FLORIDA, and necessitated the resetting of 10 acres of flue-cured tobacco in early April. Infestations on cigar-wrapper tobacco were more numerous than in 1966. This was probably due to the improper use of or lack of controls. Wireworms caused 0.1 percent of the loss to the tobacco crop. SOUTHERN POTATO WIREWORM (Conoderus falli) was collected from every field of tobacco infested with wireworms in Florida. Wireworms caused little damage to new transplants in the southern tobacco- growing area of VIRGINIA. VEGETABLE WEEVIL (Listroderes costirostris obliquus) caused light damage in beds of cigar-wrapper tobacco in FLORIDA. GREEN PEACH APHID (Myzus persicae) continued the major tobacco pest in MARYLAND. Infestations were generally below normal in 1967, but several thousand acres required treatment. Numbers were heavy in several tobacco plantbeds in Pittsylvania County, VIRGINIA, but were generally less numerous on field tobacco in 1967 than in 1966. In August populations increased and control was required in some fields of Pittsylvania, Halifax, and Mecklenburg Counties. Green peach aphid was found in a few fields of cigar-wrapper tobacco in FLORIDA, although damage was less in 1967 than in 1966. This species accounted for 0.1 percent of the loss. Damage ranged 40-45 percent in some fields shortly after transplanting. These infestations continued a problem all season. The 1968 outlook is similar to that of 1967: Populations are expected to increase. A FALSE CHINCH BUG (Nysius raphanus) heavily damaged 2 acres of cigar-wrapper tobacco in FLORIDA, This species iS a new tobacco pest in the State. Controls did not prevent damage since foliage feeding occurred before the pest was killed. Some increase is expected in 1968. eau | ay * i i d wh b ‘ ¢ ie, oy ; | ies r EL an h f nea ' | UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE POSTAGE AND FEES PAID U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Hyattsville, Maryland 20782 OFFICIAL. BUSINESS US06803 ENO3001LI2CM US JENTOMOLGGY Lieaaey: 9) O00! “NATIONAL MUSEUM as Waa: WASHINGTGN DC 20560 Yi, vat. 18 No. 0 March 8, 1968 Soi coe Ca oe. Qo ope cative ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT Issued by PLANT PEST CONTROL DIVISION AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE PLANT PEST CONTROL DIVISION SURVEY AND DETECTION OPERATIONS The Cooperative Economic Insect Report is issued weekly as a service to American Agriculture. Its contents are compiled from information supplied by cooperating State, Federal, and industrial entomologists and other agricultural workers. In releasing this material the Division serves as a clearing house and doesnot assume responsibility for ac- curacy of the material. All reports and inquiries pertaining to this release, including the mailing list, should be sent to: Survey and Detection Operations Plant Pest Control Division Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Federal Center Building Hyattsville, Maryland 20782 Volume 18 March 8, 1968 Number 10 COOPERATIVE ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT HIGHLIGHTS Current Conditions A SCARAB damaging sugarbeets for the first time in California ™ay be a potential threat. (p. 150). BARK BEETLES killed ponderosa pine in Los Alamos County, New Mexico. (p. 152). CATTLE LICE on cattle and HOG LOUSE on swine heavy in Mayes County, Oklahoma. PACIFIC COAST TICK responsible for first cases of tick paralysis for 1968 in Santa Barbara County, California. (p. 152). Prediction Heavy BEET WEBWORM adult flights in Nebraska in August 1967 indicate possible heavy larval infestations in the State in 1968. (p. 156). Detection Two ASSASSIN BUGS reported for the first time in Nevada. (p. 155). For new county records see page 155. Special Reports Summary of Insect Conditions in the United States - 1967 Sugarbeets (pp. 156-157) Miscellaneous Field Crops (p. 157) Potatoes, Tomatoes, Peppers (pp. 158-162) Beans and Peas (pp. 162-164) Cole Crops (pp. 164-166) Cucurbits (p. 167) General Vegetables (pp. 168-170) The Geographic Distribution of the Brown Recluse Spider and Related Species in the United States (pp. 171-175). Measuring and Reporting Insect Infestations. (pp. 176-177). Reports in this issue are for week ending March 1 unless otherwise indicated. a ely = 148 - CONTENTS Special Insects of Regional Significance. ..... cere sessccersseccessseesee ee cl 49 Insects Affecting Snail Craslas > oocccddp0Gac0000000 149 Smalley bret Srewnetencneiolcnen en ckeehel meme hmenen Ou: Forace MeCuMeS! spare) eneyel ol elle cllelehonenederenelone LO, Ornamen\taylsm cep. cree cnclel hel velenehelerrenen ous SUBAREA 6.66 d0000000000000000000 00d Law) Forest and Shade Trees...........lo2 COME CHROME os coodnasocdo0 bdo ong dbo 6 OILED Many anaAndimanlisiyn cree ciel enekelolenelsienener eae General VegetablesS.......2e+ee+e+e-+100 Households and Structures........153 Deciduous Fruits and Nuts..........150 Miscellaneous Wild Plants........153 Gaktreushcttorociolencieletenon ioenolstclenerenenerencve rene io Stored Products.......... Fooo doo 0 LES Other Trop. & Subtrop. Fruits......151 Benetivceall (InSCGtsSiaw elec ee © sles AS16106 610 6°00 B'1O'O1010'0 0.0'0'0'0'0 0.010 oood00 0000000000 Boi DIoT-o-o Lass Federal and State Plant Protection ProgramS.....e.c¢+scccses- soe oe sree eos iisleony Urea) COllS@ wom ooc66 500000000000 dD 0DU GD OOUDO00O00 G000D0000000000000 erod COIAEGCTEIOMS Go cog 0b O0000dN000000 g000000C 600000 a0000000000 slic) iselichiehexelcremerohehencRen Ren OS- Insect Detection... 3.2.2... 6 g0000 90000000000 oc00DD000N a00000000000000 01.85) Hawaii Insect Report....... SR IC IC CHIDO ODIO eo po coo 0.00 000-0 0 Be Summary of Insect Conditions in the United States - 1967 Sugar be eit Sievoie! elle ieee! 0) lle (oll s$0x0}) IEpIdg esNjrey UMOIG JO UOIJNgI4ysig ‘| e4nBI4 - 175 - Figure 2, a. Generalized features of L. reclusa, L. rufescens, and L. laeta b. Detail of fiddle-shaped area of carapace showing six eyes in three diads U.S. Dept. Agr. Coop. Econ. Ins. Rpt. 18(10):171-175, 1968 - 176 - Measuring Insect Infestations You are aware of the increasing need for more adequate means for measuring insect populations. As you know, survey methods are available for about 80 pests. Limitations of some of these methods are recognized, but they do give a common language. What can be done about the many economic species for which survey methods have not been developed? With a little effort, we believe a lot can be done by simply making counts or numerical estimates if actual measurement is not possible or practical. A review of the "Cooperative Economic Insect Report" will Show that much survey information is reported in indefinite terms: Heavy, light, medium, moderate, rather heavy, considerable, troublesome, etc. It would seem that many of these abstract evaluations could be stated in definite terms such as insects per Square foot, per square yard, per sweep, per plant, per animal. There is also a great need for more concrete information on insect damage. Compare the following reports on the same condition: "Approximately 40 percent defoliation in a 100- acre grove." "Heavy defoliation in one large grove." The use of more numerical evaluations in insect survey would greatly improve communications between entomologists and others interested in survey results. Such evaluations would also make the data much more useful for records purposes. We ask your help in improving the quality of reports on insect populations and their damage. We are aware that only through more research can we have better methodology in measuring insect populations and damage. Adequate research in this area is not likely to be forthcoming in the foreseeable future, however. In the meantime, we believe there are some constructive steps that can be taken to improve the existing Situation. The guidelines on the next page are offered as a reference for reporting insect conditions. If you have other suggestions, please send them to the address shown on the inside front cover of CEIR. They will be appreciated. (J. W. Gentry). oS Ye = Preparation of Notes for Cooperative Economic Insect Report Requests have been received relative to the type of information desired for the Cooperative Economic Insect Report and suggestions made for revision in the format. The report will be reorganized on a principal crop basis. This will simplify present format and make the material more accessible and useful. It is hoped this approach will also stimulate greater participation by pointing out lack of reporting on individual crop problems. Efforts will be made to evaluate and pre- sent the information in ways to make it more useful in insect control. Forecasting statements will be developed wherever field reports support such ac- tion. Reporters are encouraged to include this vitally important information in their notes. Emphasis of the Cooperative Economic Insect Report will be on the important insect problems of a regional nature, notes on routine insect occurrence will be kept to a minimum. Routine notes submitted on common insects will be added to the National insect files as warranted, however. The following guidelines are suggested for preparation of notes. It is realized that all of the information outlined will not be available in each Situation, but ‘give the following information when possible. 1. Common (if available) and scientific name of Species involved. Stages of insect involved. (If a taxonomic problem exists, it should be noted). 2. Location (definite, recognized area within state, such as region, county or town), date, name of observer or reporter. If note is for period other than current reporting period, give date of observation. 3. Host involved, scope and extent of infestation in number of counties, acres, trees, animals, etc. Also stage of host. 4. Quantitative evaluation of infestation according to recognized survey methods. Where such methods are not available, give numerical data such aS number per linear foot, per plant, per sweep or per animal. These data should be based on a representative sampling. An adjectival rating should be accompanied by a numerical rating. 5. Estimation of extent of injury or damage. 6. Comparisons with previous infestations, outlook or predictions for future infestations, unusual influences. 7. Status of natural or applied control. 8. When reporting new State, United States, or North America records, in- clude the above information insofar as applicable, as -well as name of taxonomist making determination. Examples of notes including these data are as follows: EUROPEAN RED MITE (Panonychus ulmi) - Egg populations have reached point where protective Sprays are warranted in 10 percent of apple orchards in Knox County. Counts on June 30 showed 0 to 4.8 live mites per leaf and 0 to 37.6 eggs per leaf. Further increase and spread expected with continued favorable weather. (Jackson, July 2). EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) - Oviposition and hatch practi- cally complete in central counties. Fifty egg masses per 100 stalks in northwest area. In southern counties, all corn 35 inches or taller, 70 to 100 percent infested with 2 to 22 larvae per stalk. Larvae from first to third instar. (Smith). Coop. Econ. Ins. Rpt. 18(10):177, 1968 as Bet i Serres " bj Bhas teyney 2 Mone y P Sine ats i rho ea Ton ee re Bin } ashy ‘ a ee + ak Dene es i " 7 : ‘ é ait j 1 + oe < Ra24t a ee iF ie ne ‘ oi tae cy vay 3 cues i i i : H Been RRS F 4 . f >. ‘ i ’ ek 8 % Sy te i $e Pte Shs : RY \ 4 ) : ees oh ee > Wo eG . ’ y ; “ t ¥ i 4 4 = ee : i bs 4 { iS ‘ ri = i i Ho @ ; bE By : A } BS 5 4 ss! J t PLDs : \ BHET « SEY hes BR < ‘ : : * / val p L ; I ‘ ) 5 ' Khe AY ' rre t ‘ ¥ aci3 3 - ye Votes = 5 3 OF ry sii? id t , i ‘ A , mm Pye \ , f i , t. ' : ' ener ats a a b z i. : . 2° zr “S52 wl OF fk Fa Ono mM a Q 5 S ED STATES T NI ay “y VOL. 18 No. 11 cy March 15, 1968 Sip ae Co Zam Cooperative ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT Issued by PLANT PEST CONTROL DIVISION AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE PLANT PEST CONTROL DIVISION SURVEY AND DETECTION OPERATIONS The Cooperative Economic Insect Report is issued weekly as a service to American Agriculture. Its contents are compiled from information supplied by cooperating State, Federal, and industrial entomologists and other agricultural workers. In releasing this material the Division serves as a clearing house and doesnot assume responsibility for ac- curacy of the material. All reports and inquiries pertaining to this release, including the mailing list, should be sent to: Survey and Detection Operations Plant Pest Control Division Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Federal Center Building Hyattsville, Maryland 20782 Volume 18 March 15, 1968 Number 11 COOPERATIVE ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT HIGHLIGHTS Current Conditions GREENBUG activity serious in Rolling Plains area of Texas. CORN LEAF APHID heavy in barley in Maricopa County, Arizona. (p. 181). VEGETABLE WEEVIL becoming serious pest of dichondra lawns in Tulare County, California. (p. 182). An ARMORED SCALE reached record high numbers for February on Florida citrus. (p. 184). SOUTHERN PINE BEETLE killing pines in Morgan County, Tennessee. (p. 185). SHEEP BITING LOUSE severe on several ranches in Edwards County, Texas. (p. 186). WHITE-FRINGED BEETLES very destructive to winter wheat in northern Escambia County, Florida. (p. 187). Detection A HORSE FLY reported for the first time in Delaware. (p. 185). For new county records see page 187. Some First Occurrences of Season ALFALFA LOOPER and ALFALFA CATERPILLAR larvae in California; IMPORTED CABBAGE- WORM adults in Alabama; several NOCTUID MOTHS in flight in Ohio; RED-HEADED ASH BORER adults in Oklahoma; EASTERN SUBTERRANEAN TERMITE swarming in Missouri; WESTERN YELLOW-STRIPED ARMYWORM flights heavy in California. Special Report Summary of Insect Conditions in the United States - 1967 Deciduous Fruits and Nuts (pp. 189-198). Citrus (pp. 198-200). Other Trop. and Subtrop. Fruits (p. 200). Small Fruits (pp. 200-202). Reports in this issue are for week ending March 8 unless otherwise indicated. = I) o = 0) = CONTENTS Special Insects of Regional Significance......-..-.. oypcooOCGoODOD DOOD GOO SOFC OO Insects Affecting Corn, Sorghum, Sugarcane...........181 Deciduous Fruits and Nuts.........183 Small GAINS ocooodoooocunodacocoo gost Cahtasushpereree aaoodcooougogUoodoa6o ole! Turf, Pastures, PAMaSIANleo scoaoocolS Small Fruits. RE CRA TRE Ororh.c-0-0.0 0 Lie! Forage LegumeS.....2eseeeeseee sooo oily Ornamentale.ng oc ...c.ceee Lhe ee eeeien Potatoes, Tomatoes, Peppers aa000 parelos Forest and Shade Trees......... ..-185 Cole Crops...... Si diced OackOra ceo asc orca canoe Melee) Maineaindh WAini'mablishrerctercn-telonelcne: st ekenennetener or) General Vegetables.........+.00. 5 oroaltsks) Households and Structures.........186 Beneficial Insects...........-. Frog eae HCC Ie CRO RCCEO ORION ECT CMO EC ec Deod.0 0.0.09 0 0d Federal and State Plant Protection Programs. ....0..s.2scccecsccvsocesccccen = loo TSEC DE LEC ELON Geers eee eee roloietedcie i chorelcienonelelckelenerelerctcher ciel hetar- | loket-leleRe fel Rel ne Ord COIMAAOELONS 54 oo. G0 CODD Ads OODOO UDO bOD000000'0 SIRE MOO CRORE OROINOID iid O10. 01.0.0 od te Light Trap Collections. G00000 SOO SDOODO0DD OCOD DODO ODDO DODD DODD OOO OOH DOODOODON moe Sie Hawaii Insect Report......... od0000d00 560000005 Ha oUoooE co oOC G00 0d0000 ollie} Summary of Insect Conditions in the United States - 1967 Deciduous eerudts» anGmiNuitsirewcwercterrieietereroieiorcsiclcrolskelelchelokenekeleneterelefoieleNokepaickoKolotonenete MeN PL Oy (CHAI 6 556.0 01000 OOOO O00 000000000000 0.00 0:00.00 01.0 clodd0000000.00000000 Ru etolelovenchetete ne repos Other Trop. and Subtrop. PGTRUIGES Porayayc poy eiotelletiolekeleweneteconone) comemeredeRener ienelehene Kono cR RCM RRR RRR OO) Small mir uct sieeve cietereteie aterelclote tales ecemeheweierasevelle citerchedeie olotetolcne tenella cfeVorerc oh ore ohRKcKM-NeNettenel OO) WEATHER OF THE WEEK ENDING MARCH 11 HIGHLIGHTS: Most areas received light to moderate precipitation last week. The West continued mild and gradual warming over the East produced the warmest weather in more than a month. PRECIPITATION: Intermittent rains produced 2 to 3 inches of precipitation along the Washington coast with 0.75 to 1 inch in the interior valleys. A vigorous storm brought heavy rains to south coastal California on Thursday and Friday. Los Angeles received over 3 inches in 24 hours. Weekend showers dumped up to 3 inches in parts of Arizona's White Mountains. Snow fell above 6,000 feet. Snowfall in the Rockies on Sunday ranged from about 6 inches in spots in Wyoming to a foot or so in New Mexico. Lesser amounts fell in the adjoining High Plains. Weekend rains produced beneficial amounts from Louisiana to Pennsylvania with heaviest totals in eastern Alabama, northern Georgia, and eastern Tennessee. These rains interrupted a 10-day dry spell in the two latter States. Most of the northern and central Great Plains, the Lakes regicn, New York, and New England received only light rains or snow flurries during the week. TEMPERATURE: Mild weather continued over the West until midweek after which day- time temperatures were somewhat lower. Weekly mean temperatures averaged only a few degrees above normal. The warming trend over the northern Great Plains continued into the second week. A large area from, Montana to Wisconsin and southward to northern Kansas averaged more than 10° above normal. Gradual warming over the South and East produced the warmest weather in several weeks. On Saturday Washington, D.C., registered 76°, the warmest temperature since November 12, 1967. The mild days and cool nights over the East produced weekly mean temperatures slightly above normal except along the gulf coast, over the Florida peninsula, and in New England where temperatures averaged a few degrees cooler than normal.” A cold blast pushed into the Dakotas late Sunday night and at week's end had advanced far southward and eastward. Temperatures had plunged to below zero over northern Minnesota and portions of Upper Michigan and to freezing as far south as Kansas and the Ohio River. (Summary supplied by Environmental Data Service, ESSA.). - 181 - SPECIAL INSECTS OF REGIONAL SIGNIFICANCE GREENBUG (Schizaphis graminum) - NEW MEXICO - Ranged 50-100 per linear foot on wheat in Curry and Quay Counties. (Mathews, Campbell). TEXAS - Activity remained serious in many Rolling Plains area counties February 26-March 1. Moderate in Wichita and Young Counties; damaging in some areas of Baylor, Childress, Cottle, King, Hardeman, Foard, Stonewall, Motley, and Hall Counties. Unchanged in Archer County; damage decreased in Dickens County. Activity spotted in Black- lands area with some increase in central area. (Boring et al.). OKLAHOMA - Counts per linear foot in wheat by area: Panhandle 10-100; southwest less than 1 to 150; west-central 0-25; central less than 5. Ranged less than 5 to 75 per linear foot in Harper, Alfalfa, Major, and Woods Counties; aphids more numerous on poor-growing sandy soils in most instances. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). KANSAS - Light in west-central area. (DePew). Averages ranged from 0-5 per row foot in Pratt, Kiowa, and Edwards Counties to 10-25 per row foot in Ford, Finney, Gray, Haskell, Seward, Stevens, Morton, Grant, and Kearny Counties; up to 200 per row foot in occasional field. Some severe damage in fields due to aphids and drought. (Simpson). ARMY CUTWORM (Chorizagrotis auxiliaris) - KANSAS - Ranged up to 12 per row foot in Rooks County. (Gates). Larvae found in all wheat checked in south-central and southwest districts; damage light in most instances. Counts per linear foot in wheat by county: Kiowa 2-8, Pratt 1-2, Edwards 2-4, Ford 1-10, Finney 6-15, Gray 2-5, Haskell 0-2, Seward 0-5, Stevens 1-4, Morton 0-1, Grant 2-4. (Simpson). BEET LEAFHOPPER (Circulifer tenellus) - ARIZONA - Light in 2 sugarbeet fields near Tolleson and New River, Maricopa County; curly top moderate in fields. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). CORN LEAF APHID (Rhopalosiphum maidis) - ARIZONA - Heavy on untreated barley in Maricopa County; 80 percent of heads damaged. Light in most other fields. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). NEW MEXICO - Light to heavy in old barley stands in Dona Ana County. (Campbell). POTATO PSYLLID (Paratrioza cockerelli) - ARIZONA - First instars light in some untreated potato fields in Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). SPOTTED ALFALFA APHID (Therioaphis maculata) - ARKANSAS - Survey negative in Conway County. (Boyer). CORN, SORGHUM, SUGARCANE SOUTHWESTERN CORN BORER (Diatraea grandiosella) - ALABAMA - Survey made in one- acre cornfield near Hartselle, Morgan County; 35 percent of all stalks girdled and fallen in October 1967. Total of 100 girdled stubbles that previously contained larvae were dug; no live larvae found. Survival probably reduced due to severe winter in northern area. (McQueen). See CEIR 18(7):81 for name change. SMALL GRAINS ENGLISH GRAIN APHID (Macrosiphum avenae) - KANSAS - Ranged 2-15 per row foot in wheat in Kiowa, Edwards, and Ford Counties. (Simpson). OKLAHOMA - Ranged 5-20 per linear foot in wheat in Washita County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). GREEN PEACH APHID (Myzus persicae) - ARIZONA - Moderate on oats and barley in Queen Creek area, Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). APPLE GRAIN APHID (Rhopalosiphum fitchii) - TEXAS - Heavy in several wheat fields in Hardeman County. (Boring et al.). = 182 - WHEAT STEM SAWFLY (Cephus cinctus) - NORTH DAKOTA - Hard Red Spring wheat stubble survey conducted during September and October 1967 in 20 counties. Results based on percent cut stems indicate increase in population in all counties surveyed except Williams, Mercer, Oliver, and Golden Valley. Percent cut stems highest in northern area. Percent cut stems ranged 0.2-24.6; averaged 2.6 per- cent for all counties surveyed. Approximately 50 percent of infested stems will be cut. (Brandvik et al.). This replaces note in CEIR 18(9):125. (PPC). BROWN WHEAT MITE (Petrobia latens) - KANSAS - Activity increasing in wheat in southwestern area; 25-300 per row foot in Finney and Gray Counties. Heavy leaf discoloration and some dead plants evident in heaviest infested fields. (DePew). OKLAHOMA - Ranged from less than 5 to 150 per linear foot in wheat in Texas and Beaver Counties; 0-20 per linear foot in most fields in north-central, northwest, and west-central areas. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). WINTER GRAIN MITE (Penthaleus major) - OKLAHOMA - Ranged 20-70 per row foot in wheat in Cotton and Tillman Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). TURF, PASTURES, RANGELAND VEGETABLE WEEVIL (Listroderes costirostris obliquus) - CALIFORNIA - Larvae heavy and damaging dichondra lawns in Visalia, Tulare County. This species becoming serious pest of dichondra in many locations. Also increasing after several years of low activity. (Cally Coop. RD ie FORAGE LEGUMES PEA APHID (Acyrthosiphon pisum) - ARIZONA - Decreased to 200 per 100 sweeps in Maricopa County alfalfa; heavy, 1,000 per 100 sweeps, in Yuma area of Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). NEW MEXICO - Generally light on alfalfa. (N.M. Coop. Rpt.). TEXAS - Moderate in field of Austrian Winter peas in Hardeman County. (Boring, Wills). OKLAHOMA - Averaged 20 per square foot of crown area in alfalfa in Custer and Caddo Counties; 40 per square foot in Major County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). ARKANSAS - Activity very light throughout State. (Boyer). MISSISSIPPI - Adults very light, 5 per square foot, in Pontotoc County alfalfa. (Dinkins). LYGUS BUGS (Lygus spp.) - ARIZONA - Ranged 40-120 per 100 sweeps in alfalfa in Yuma and Gila Valley, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - MISSISSIPPI - Averaged 10 per square foot in new alfalfa stand in Pontotoc County. (Dinkins). ARKANSAS - Survey negative in Conway County. (Boyer). EGYPTIAN ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera brunneipennis) - ARIZONA - Terminal damage averaged 60 percent in most alfalfa in eaStern area of Salt River Valley, Maricopa County; 40 percent in western area. Most fields will soon be cut. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.) < ALFALFA WEEVILS (Hypera spp.) - CALIFORNIA - H. postica and H. brunneipennis increasing in alfalfa. Some treatment starting in Placer County. 4H. brunneipennis present throughout 1967 due to staggered single generation. Alfalfa beginning to grow in many locations. Cool weather may slow this growth and present favorable season for weevil damage. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). CLOVER LEAF WEEVIL (Hypera punctata) - OKLAHOMA - Averaged 4 per square foot of crown area in 2 alfalfa fields in Custer and Caddo Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). LESSER CORNSTALK BORER (Elasmopalpus lignosellus) - FLORIDA - Full-grown larvae destroyed 20 percent of 30-acre stand of l[upine at Gainesville, Alachua County, Det. by J. Strayer. (Strayer). = 183 - ALFALFA LOOPER (Autographa californica) - CALIFORNIA - Early to very early popula- tions of this species and Colias eurytheme general but light on alfalfa in Fresno and Yolo Counties; damage evident. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). FALSE CELERY LEAF TIER (Udea profundalis) - CALIFORNIA - Larvae light on alfalfa in Fresno, Kerman, and Easton, Fresno County, and in Davis, Yolo County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). POTATOES, TOMATOES, PEPPERS GREEN PEACH APHID (Myzus persicae) - ARIZONA - Moderate on 40 acres of young potato plants at Queen Creek, Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). CABBAGE LOOPER (Trichoplusia ni) - ARIZONA - Egg laying on new potato foliage at Queen Creek, Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). COLE CROPS GARDEN WEBWORM (Loxostege similalis) - ARIZONA - Moderate in cabbage west of Phoenix, Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). IMPORTED CABBAGEWORM (Pieris rapae) - ALABAMA - Adults in flight; egg laying on turnips, collards, cabbage, and other cole crops from Morgan County in northern area to extreme southern area. (McQueen). CABBAGE LOOPER (Trichoplusia ni) - FLORIDA - No eggs or larvae found on cabbage in check plots or commercial fields at Sanford, Seminole County. (Green). CABBAGE APHID (Brevicoryne brassicae) - ARIZONA - Heavy on 2.5 acres of cabbage in Tolleson area, Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). GENERAL VEGETABLES GREEN PEACH APHID (Myzus persicae) - ARIZONA - Controls applied to several lettuce fields at Yuma, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). THRIPS —- NEW MEXICO - Ranged 2-10 per plant on onions in Dona Ana County (Elson); some damage especially on young lettuce plantings (Campbell). ARIZONA - Thrips tabaci light in most onion fields in Salt River Valley, Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). DECIDUOUS FRUITS AND NUTS WHITE PEACH SCALE (Pseudaulacaspis pentagona) - FLORIDA - Egg laying almost complete on peach trees at Gainesville, Alachua County; 30 percent hatched. Of hatched individuals, most are crawlers, few in first sedentary stage. This scale heavy on peach trees at Gainesville. (Kuitert). SAN JOSE SCALE (Aspidiotus perniciosus) - NEVADA - Heavy on apple in Reno and Sparks area, Washoe County. (Lauderdale). PEAR PSYLLA (Psylla pyricola) - WASHINGTON - Heaviest flight to date, 2-5 per minute,in traps February 29 at Yakima, Yakima County. (Landis). NOCTUID MOTHS - OHIO - First flights of season of Lithophane unimoda, L. bethunei, L. hemina, Eupsilia morrisoni, E. vinulenta, E. cirripalea, and E. tristigmata observed March 5 at Cincinnati, Hamilton County. (Rings). = ils = - CITRUS Citrus Insect Situation in Florida - End of February - CITRUS RUST MITE (Phyllocoptruta oleivora) infested 74 percent of groves (norm 58 percent); 56 percent economic (norm 35 percent). Population decreased but is still in high range and much above normal for February on leaves and fruit. It will continue near current high level. Highest districts south, west, and central. TEXAS CITRUS MITE (Eutetranychus banksi) infested 37 percent of groves (norm 26 per- cent); 13 percent economic (norm 8 percent). Population in low range and slightly above February normal. Moderate increase expected. Highest districts east and south. CITRUS RED MITE (Panonychus citri) infested 37 percent of groves (norm 34 percent); 10 percent economic (norm 12 percent). Population low and near normal for February. Increase expected. Highest districts east and central. SIX-SPOTTED MITE (Eotetranychus sexmaculatus) infested 7 percent of groves; 1 percent economic. Slight increase expected. GLOVER SCALE (Lepidosaphes gloverii) infested 73 percent of groves (norm 80 percent); 7 percent economic (morm 20 percent). Population below average and moderate. Increase expected. Highest districts east, west, and south. PURPLE SCALE (L. beckii) infested 67 percent of groves (norm 79 percent); 2 percent economic (norm 11 percent). This scale will remain below normal and in low range. Highest district east. YELLOW SCALE (Aonidiella citrina) infested 65 percent of groves (norm 63 percent); 1 per- cent economic (norm 15 percent). Population below normal and in low range but will increase. Highest district east. BLACK SCALE (Saissetia oleae) infested 42 percent of groves (norm 28 percent); 20 percent economic (norm 13 percent). Population above normal for February. Expected to decrease to low range and be of little concern through March. Highest districts central and east. An ARMORED SCALE (Unaspis citri) now infests 16 percent of groves, a record high number for February. Further increase expected. WHITEFLIES infested 74 per- cent of groves; 15 percent economic. Little change expected from current low level normal for February. APHIDS have been retarded by cool weather but may be expected to increase rapidly the latter part of March. (W. A. Simanton (Citrus Expt. Sta., Lake Alfred)). COTTONY-CUSHION SCALE (Icerya purchasi) - CALIFORNIA - Locally heavy in dooryard citrus in Ojai, Ventura County. Vedalia (Rodolia cardinalis) and a crypto-— chaetid fly (Cryptochaetum iceryae) very heavy in these infestations. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). PURPLE SCALE (Lepidosaphes beckii) - CALIFORNIA - Medium on Bearss lime trees in nursery in Vista, San Diego County. This scale slowly increasing its range in coastal area of southern part of State. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). SMALL FRUITS STRAWBERRY LEAF ROLLER (Ancylis comptana fragariae) - CALIFORNIA - Larvae, possibly this species, medium on 5 acres Of Strawberry plants in Caruthers, Fresno County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). LEAFHOPPERS (Erythroneura spp.) - ARIZONA - Heavy on new growth in grape vineyard near Queen Creek, Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). ORNAMENTALS ~ CALIFORNIA RED SCALE (Aonidiella aurantii) - CALIFORNIA - Heavy on privet in Fresno, Fresno County. Infestations erratic this year probably due to upset in parasite-predator balance. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). WHITE PEACH SCALE (Pseudaulacaspis pentagona) - FLORIDA - Taken on stems of Plumeria sp. in nursery at Hastings, St. Johns County, February 2. (Graham). This iS a new Florida Department of Plant Industry host record. (Fla. Coop. Sur.). = 185 = AN ARMORED SCALE (Fiorinia fioriniae) - FLORIDA - Adults taken on weeping bottle- brush, Callistemon viminalis, at nursery in Ft. Lauderdale, Broward County, February 5. (Clinton). This is a new Florida Department of Plant Industry host record. (Fla. Coop. Sur.). GREEN PEACH APHID (Myzus persicae) - FLORIDA - All stages severe on 45 of 50 velvetplants, Gynura aurantiaca, at nursery in Apopka, Orange County, March 1. (Kipp). This is a new Florida Department of Plant Industry host record. (Fla. Coop. Sur.). A WHITEFLY (Dialeurodes kirkaldyi) - FLORIDA - Larvae and pupae common on Jasminum spp. at Deerfield Beach, Broward County, February 27. Plants in 200 Cans restricted from sale because of this whitefly and sooty mold. (Clinton). BAGWORM (Thyridopteryx ephemeraeformis) - ALABAMA - Egg-filled bags heavy on juniper, cypress, and other ornamental plantings in several areas of Morgan County; no egg hatch. (Rutledge et al.). CARMINE SPIDER MITE (Tetranychus telarius) - ARIZONA - Heavy on pyracantha and juniper at Tucson, Pima County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). FOREST AND SHADE TREES SOUTHERN PINE BEETLE (Dendroctonus frontalis) - TENNESSEE - Killing pines in Morgan County. Groups of 8, 10, and 12 dying trees scattered over county. Driest weather for January and February on record precipitating this situation. (Mullett). RED-HEADED ASH BORER (Neoclytus acuminatus) - OKLAHOMA - Adults emerging from ash trees in Payne County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). EUROPEAN PINE SHOOT MOTH (Rhyacionia buoliana) - IOWA - Damaged pine Christmas tree plantings in Monona County; nearly every tree heavily damaged in 2 plantings. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). MAN AND ANIMALS SCREW-WORM (Cochliomyia hominivorax) - No cases reported in U.S. March 3-9, 1968. Total of 92 cases reported in portion of Barrier Zone in Republic of Mexico as follows: Territorio sur de Baja:California 17, Sonora 24, Chihuahua 1, Coahuila 2, Tamaulipas 48. Total of 6 cases reported in Mexico south of Barrier Zone. Barrier Zone is area where eradication operations underway to prevent establish- ment of self-sustaining population in U.S. Sterile screw-worm flies released: Texas 168,000, Mexico 88,304,000. (Anim. Health Div.). COMMON CATTLE GRUB (Hypoderma lineatum) - OKLAHOMA - Averaged tess than one per head on 2-year-old steers in Payne County; light on cattle in Mayes County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). ALABAMA - Larvae ranged 1-10 (average 5-6) per animal in 25 beef calves in Russell County past 30 days. (Williams). NORTHERN CATTLE GRUB (Hypoderma bovis) - IOWA - Present in backs of cattle in central and west-central areas. (Stockdale, Mast). A HORSE FLY (Tabanus sackeni) - DELAWARE - Two males collected at blacklight trap in White Clay Creek, New Castle County, by R. Bergner, August 1, 1967. Det. by E. P. Catts. This is a new State record. (Burbutis). - 186 - SHORT-NOSED CATTLE LOUSE (Haematopinus eurysternus) - VIRGINIA - This species and Sotenopotes capillatus light to moderate on beef cattle in Montgomery County. (Turner HOG LOUSE (Haematopinus suis) - IOWA - Moderate on hogs in Adair County. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). OKLAHOMA —- Moderate on swine in Mayes County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). SHEEP BITING LOUSE (Bovicola ovis) - TEXAS - Severe on several ranches near Rock- springs, Edwards County. (Neeb). BROWN RECLUSE SPIDER (Loxosceles reclusa) - OKLAHOMA - Observed in homes in Payne County. (Okla. Coop. Sur. BLACK WIDOW SPIDER (Latrodectus mactans) - NEVADA - Emerged from hibernation and entered homes in Reno and Sparks area of Washoe County during warm weather. (Nev. Coop. Rpt.). HOUSEHOLDS AND STRUCTURES EASTERN SUBTERRANEAN TERMITE (Reticulitermes flavipes) - MISSOURI - Swarming adults numerous throughout central area. (Munson). BENEFICIAL INSECTS LADY BEETLES - MISSISSIPPI - Hippodamia convergens active on Pontotoc County alfalfa. (Dinkins). ALABAMA - Light numbers of H. convergens adults observed in flight in Lee County during warm periods. (McQueen). ARIZONA - Larvae of unspecified species abundant in most barley in Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). SYRPHID FLIES - ALABAMA - Adults very heavy and laying eggs on pine, spirea, and other plants throughout central and southern areas past 10 days; no larvae observed. (McQueen). ARIZONA - Larvae moderate in young barley field on Salt River Indian Reservation, Maricopa County; feeding on aphids. (Ariz. Coop.: Sur.). FEDERAL AND STATE PLANT PROTECTION PROGRAMS CHAFF SCALE (Parlatoria pergandii) - CALIFORNIA - Infestation in Nicolaus, Sutter County, treated. Known infested citrus’ trees and all nearby citrus trees (total of 11) sprayed. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). CITRUS WHITEFLY (Dialeurodes citri) - CALIFORNIA - Of 229 blocks inspected in Tustin, Orange County, to date, total of 126 found infested. There is some evidence that main body of infestation is about delimited. If so, 300+ blocks and 50+ acres of commercial citrus would be subject to treatment. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.» PINK BOLLWORM (Pectinophora gossypiella) - ARIZONA - Live larvae found inside cotton bolls on soil Surface in field at Tolleson, Maricopa County; volunteer cotton will be major problem in Salt River Valley area due to light discing. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). RANGE CATERPILLAR (Hemileuca oliviae) - NEW MEXICO - Egg clusters averaged 2 per square yard on 320 acres at Capitan, Lincoln County. Each cluster averaged 102 eggs. (Judd). WESTERN YELLOW-STRIPED ARMYWORM (Prodenia praefica) - CALIFORNIA - Adults collect- ed in light trap February 24 at La Grange, StaniSlaus County. Heavy flights reported and collected in light traps in Yolo County during mid-February. These = AS? are first known flights of season; flights usually occur in late April. In 1967 flight began in March, which was relatively early. As predicted, this armyworm caused major damage to various crops including plum, pear, and other trees in 1967 which are very unusual hosts. This pest was probably the most severe on record during 1967. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). WHITE-FRINGED BEETLES (Graphognathus spp.) - FLORIDA - Larvae destroyed 80 percent of winter wheat in some fields, down to 10 percent in other fields, in belt across northern Escambia County during early March. Det. by D. H. Habeck. Many of these fields planted to soybeans in 1967. Graphognathus spp. plentiful in end rows and fence rows in these fields at that time. (Strayer). INSECT DETECTION New State Record A HORSE FLY (Tabanus sackeni) - DELAWARE - Two males collected at blacklight trap in White Clay Creek, New Castle County, by R. Bergner, August 1, 1967. Det. by E. P. Catts. (p. 185). New County Records WALNUT HUSK FLY (Rhagoletis completa) - WASHINGTON - Skamania County. (p. 195). PECAN WEEVIL (Curculio caryae) - TEXAS - Taylor County. (p. 196). EUROPEAN RED MITE (Panonychus ulmi) - COLORADO - Mesa County. (p. 197). LIGHT TRAP COLLECTIONS FLORIDA - Gainesville - 3/4, 5, BL - Armyworm (Pseudaletia unipuncta) 4, black cutworm (Agrotis ipsilon) 1, granulate cutworm (Feltia subterranea) 1, variegated cutworm (Peridroma saucia) 1. Monticello - 2/28-376, 2BL - Armyworm 23, black cutworm 7, cabbage looper (Trichoplusia ni) 3. Sanford - 2/27-28, BL - Armyworm 7, black cutworm 3, cabbage looper 2, granulate cutworm 21. TEXAS - Brownsville - 3/2-8, 2BL, 45-77°F., 0.86 precip. - Armyworm 53, black cutworm 128, cabbage looper 3, granulate cutworm 19, salt-marsh caterpillar (Estigmene acrea) 2, variegated cutworm 49, yellow-striped armyworm (Prodenia oOrnithogalli) 5. CORRECTIONS CEIR 18(8):93 - A PLATYPODID BEETLE (Platypus quadridentatus) - Line 2 should read:...adults heavy in decadent bluejack oak... - 188 - HAWAII INSECT REPORT Vegetables - MELON FLY (Dacus cucurbitae) larval and adult damage severe to 0.25 acre of squash at Koko Head, Oahu; severe oviposition damage and/or heavy larval infestations on all fruits. Oviposition damage light on cucumbers in Same area. All stages of IMPORTED CABBAGEWORM (Pieris rapae) and CABBAGE LOOPER (Trichoplusia ni) moderate in 10 acres of cabbage and cauliflower from upper Omaopio to upper Kula, Maui, at 2,400-3,600 feet elevation. (Miyahira). Larvae of LEAF MINER FLIES (Liriomyza spp.) and BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) generally light in green onion fields at Waianae, Koko Head, Waimanalo, and Kahuku, Oahu. (Funasaki, Toyama). Fruits - BARNACLE SCALE (Ceroplastes cirripediformis) nymphs and adults decreased in 150 acres of passion-fruit in Kahului, Maui; generally light but medium in few spots. Nymphs and adults of a PIT SCALE (Asterolecanium pustulans) moderate, heavy in scattered spots, in 150 acres of passion-fruit in Kahului, Maui. (Miyahira). Ornamentals - GREEN SCALE (Coccus viridis) numerous on Natal-plum (Carissa grandiflora) on February 11 near college campus in Honolulu, Oahu, for new host record. (Drake). Forest and Shade Trees - FULLER ROSE WEEVIL (Pantomorus cervinus) adults light to medium and damaging foliage of Acacia koaia (Yoshioka), and all stages of COTTONY-CUSHION SCALE (Icerya purchasi) light on twigs of mamane (Sophora chrysophylla) at Kawaihae-uka, Hawaii Island (Yamayoshi). General Pests - Late nymphs of SOUTHERN GREEN STINK BUG (Nezara viridula) medium On asyStaSia and other weeds in one-acre area near Hanauma Bay, Oahu; mostly nymphs light on cheeseweed and asystasia at Ewa. (Davis et al.). Man and Animals - Total of 302 Aedes vexans nocturnus and 10,073 Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus taken in 49 light traps on Oahu during February. A. vexans nocturnus light in all areas and Cc. pipiens quinquefasciatus heaviest in Kailua. (Mosq. Cont. Br., Dept. of Health). Beneficial Insects - Adults of a SCIOMYZID FLY (Sepedon macropus) active in Small taro patch at Waianae, Oahu; liverfluke snail population low. (Davis). Miscellaneous - RED-SHOULDERED STINK BUG (Thyanta accerra) nymphs and adults Tight, 4 per 5 sweeps, on swollen fingergrass in Honolulu Airport area, Oahu. Live adult taken in yard in Hawaii Kai area of Honolulu was first specimen found in southeastern end of Oahu. (Funasaki, Nakao). - 189 - SUMMARY OF INSECT CONDITIONS IN THE UNITED STATES - 1967 (continued from page 170) DECIDUOUS FRUITS AND NUTS Highlights: CODLING MOTH was mostly light and caused little damage to treated fruit from the States reporting, but was damaging to untreated fruit. PEACH TREE BORER and LESSER PEACH TREE BORER were two of the most destructive pests of peach, plun, and cherry in Alabama. PEACH TWIG BORER increased in Colorado and was unusually heavy in peach orchards in Wasco County, Oregon. RED-HUMPED CATERPILLAR was the worst on record on many hosts in California. FALL WEBWORM was heavier and more widespread on several hosts in southern Indiana than in 1966 and HICKORY SHUCKWORM was the major pest of pecans throughout Alabama. APHIDS generally were very damaging in California and were severe on walnuts in Washington and Utah Counties, Utah. GREEN PEACH APHID was very abundant in all the eastern peach orchards of Virginia during the spring. ROSY APPLE APHID damaged more fruit in Colorado in 1967 than in past years and caused more of a problem than in recent years in Utah. WHITE PEACH SCALE continued a serious problem on-commercial peaches in northern Florida. PEAR PSYLLA presented a significant problem in the Willamette Valley of Oregon. APPLE MAGGOT activity increased in northern Pennsylvania and populations were found farther south than normal in Illinois. PLUM CURCULIO caused serious damage to some cherries, plums, and apples in Ohio during June and was one of the most serious pests on peach, plum, and apple fruit in Alabama. PECAN WEEVIL was very destructive to a few groves late in the season in Monticello, Florida. EUROPEAN RED MITE continued to be a major control problem in New York and was one of the most expensive fruit-pests to control in Michigan. Unspecified MITES remain the most difficult pest control problem on apples in Illinois. A SPIDER MITE was the most abundant on record in orchards in the Milton-Freewater area of Oregon. PEAR LEAF BLISTER MITE heavily damaged many pear trees in the Bitterroot Valley area of Montana. CODLING MOTH (Carpocapsa pomonella) adults were first taken in bait traps on June 16 in MAINE, Pupation of overwintered larvae was 10 percent in insectary material on June 16. An above average second brood occurred from the first week of August until August 21. Damage was almost nonexistent in well-sprayed apple orchards in NEW YORK, but a damage potential was indicated in abandoned orchards or in orchards where controls were poorly timed or applied. Infestations were typically severe in unsprayed blocks and backyard plantings in NEW JERSEY, but very little damage occurred in commercial orchards. The first overwintering adult in DELAWARE emerged from a Kent County cage May 28, the latest emergence recorded in 37 years. This species was almost nonexistent in commercial orchards in the State. Codling moth adults emerged in cages at Hancock, MARYLAND, on May 24 but populations generally were well controlled in commercial. apple orchards. In VIRGINIA infestations on apple were about normal and were no more troublesome than in the past few years. Adult emergence began in northeastern OHIO in late April and peaked during the first week of June. Full-grown larvae of the first generation began to appear under collection bands on apple trees the third week of June and first-generation adult emergence began July 10. Larvae caused damage to commercial orchards under regular spray programs. Spring adults first emerged in cages June 5 in southwest MICHIGAN and a prolonged spring-brood emergence due to weather continued well into July in the southwest area. Spray programs generally provided good control of first and second-brood larvae in commercial orchards. Codling moth adults were first taken in a blacklight. trap at Madison, WISCONSIN, May 26. Populations did not reach high levels, but a gentle peak in the moth flight occurred the second week of June. Moths continued to be taken in blacklight traps until September 25. Codling moth adult emergence from hibernation was prolonged due to unfavorable weather in ILLINOIS, but cool temperatures reduced egg laying. This species was generally well controlled. In MISSOURI numbers were light in sprayed orchards, = i) = but some damage occurred in the southeast area in May. Damage was common in unsprayed orchards. Codling moth was no problem in well-sprayed orchards in KANSAS but was evident in untreated apples. Larvae were heavy in apples in Payne County, OKLAHOMA, and caused heavy damage to improperly treated fruit in NEW MEXICO. Most of the fruit in New Mexico was killed by a heavy frost in May. Populations were kept at low level on apple by timing control applications according to the moth catch in sex lure traps in COLORADO. Codling moth was the lightest in 14 years in northern and central UTAH, but damage was common in unsprayed home orchards. Infestations were more general but lighter throughout CALIFORNIA in 1967. In OREGON adults emerged May 15 in Hood River County and peaked in late May. In early June sev2ral males were collected in sex lure traps in a commercial orchard. Above average Summer temperatures probably shortened residual effectiveness of cover sprays as some orchardists reported stings and larvae by harvest. The first moths were taken in sex lure traps May 1 in WASHINGTON compared with April 18 in 1966. The third brood caused commercial damage in Yakima County, an unusual occurrence, and damaged backyard apples in Whitman County in September. ORIENTAL FRUIT MOTH (Grapholitha molesta) was difficult to find in well-managed orchards in NEW JERSEY, but much damage occurred to unsprayed blocks and backyard plantings. Numbers were heavy in unsprayed apples as indicated on banded trees in DELAWARE and were less than normal in VIRGINIA as no commercial damage occurred to the peach crop. Populations greatly increased late in the season. Infestations were well controlled in ILLINOIS as indicated by 6 damaged peaches found out of 500 examined on a tree just before harvest during a 30-orchard survey. In MISSOURI numbers were light in peaches in the southeast area, but some apples were damaged in an unsprayed orchard in the central area. Oriental fruit moth ranged light to heavy on native plum trees throughout OKLAHOMA and was taken in bait traps in COLORADO during most of the summer. Numbers were heavy in July and August, but few larvae were found in the peach fruit at harvest in Colorado where damage was less than 1 percent. In OREGON no adults or infested peaches have been found in the previously infested areas of Wasco, Multnomah, Marion, and Polk Counties since 1962.-This species caused much damage to peaches and other stone fruits in local areas of CALIFORNIA. PEACH TREE BORER (Sanninoidea exitiosa) caused moderate damage in commercial orchards in NEW JERSEY. No serious infestations were observed in VIRGINIA. Some isolated peach trees were severely damaged in several orchards due to poorly timed control treatments. Peach tree borer was one of the most destructive pests of peach, plum, and cherry trees throughout ALABAMA and was one of the most important pests infesting peach in TEXAS. Occasional damage occurred in OKLAHOMA and larvae killed some trees in Bernalillo, Sandoval, and Valencia Counties, NEW MEXICO. Peach tree borer caused economic damage in UTAH. LESSER PEACH TREE BORER (Synanthedon pictipes) was one of the most destructive pests of peach, plum, and cherry trees throughout ALABAMA. Populations increased during 1967, especially in south-central and eastern areas of VIRGINIA, as many peach trees were killed or severely damaged. Lesser peach tree borer caused moderate damage in commercial orchards in NEW JERSEY. PEACH TWIG BORER (Anarsia lineatella) first-brood larvae heavily damaged un- sprayed peach orchards in Douglas County, WASHINGTON, in June and numbers were unusually heavy in peach orchards in The Dalles area of Wasco County, OREGON. Populations were normal in other fruit areas of the State. Peach twig borer was a continuing problem all year in CALIFORNIA and was medium in peach fruits in Clark County, NEVADA, in July and August. Damage was economic throughout UTAH and populations increased markedly over previous years in COLORADO although the peach crop was reduced by freeze. CLIMBING CUTWORMS damaged orchards, with up to 20 percent fruit bud destruction in one Putney orchard in Windham County, VERMONT. Another orchard in South Hero, Grand Isle County, was also damaged. RED-BANDED LEAF ROLLER (Argyrotaenia velutinana) was moderate in one West Paris, MAINE, location in late July where many second-brood larvae caused much damage. Controls were effective and the problem disappeared. Infestations on apple were S IG co about normal,although numbers were very low and damage was negligible in VIRGINIA. Although normally a minor pest of peaches, this leaf roller damaged 10 percent of mid-season peach varieties in the Piedmont orchards. Damage was almost nonexistent in well-sprayed apple orchards in NEW YORK, but a damage potential was apparent in abandoned orchards or in orchards where controls were poorly timed or applied. Red-banded leaf roller caused very little damage in commercial orchards in NEW JERSEY and ILLINOIS in 1967. In 29 of the outstanding commercial apple orchards in Illinois, 1 leaf roller damage per 1,000 occurred and half of the damaged fruit was found in one orchard. Infestations were light in some untreated orchards in KANSAS. OLETHREUTID MOTHS (Grapholitha spp.) were troublesome in some VERMONT areas and LESSER APPLEWORM (G. prunivora) infested backyard prunes at Astoria in Clatsop County, OREGON. GREEN FRUITWORM (Lithophane antennata) damaged some fruit in unsprayed apple orchards at Hancock, MARYLAND, during late May and was evident in several plantings in MAINE where damage was generally light. Adults of a PHYCITID MOTH (Acrobasis tricolorella) began emerging June 7 in Oceana County, MICHIGAN, and emergence peaked in late June. First instars infested fruit in Oceana County on June 23. Some problems continued for northwest area cherry growers during 1967. Adults of a CHERRY LEAF MINER (Nepticula slingerlandella) began emerging at Lawrence in Van Buren County, Michigan, on May 14 and emergence peaked in early June. Little economic loss occurred. Infestations were confined to a few Berrien and Oceana County orchards in addition to research orchards in Van Buren County. TENT CATERPILLARS (Malacosoma spp.) were very damaging to prune and walnut plant- ings in isolated locations in northern CALIFORNIA. WESTERN TENT CATERPILLAR (M. pluviale) was very spotty in western OREGON,being the heaviest in Washington and Yamhill Counties. FOREST TENT CATERPILLAR (M. disstria) was numerous in home orchards in northern and central UTAH with light to moderate damage. Young larvae of EASTERN TENT CATERPILLAR (M. americanum) were found on apple in Monmouth, MAINE, on May 6 but were not serious. FALL CANKERWORM (Alsophila pometaria) damaged walnut trees in Solano County and apples and pears in Tuolumne County while RED-HUMPED CATERPILLAR (Schizura concinna) was very prevalent and the worst on record on many hosts in CALIFORNIA. NAVEL ORANGEWORM (Paramyelois transitella) was very severe on walnut and almond fruit in the same State. FILBERTWORM (Melissopus latiferreanus) adults emerged on July 2 in filbert orchards in Lane County, OREGON, and peaked on July 24 and again on August 13. Larvae infested Italian prunes in Marion and Polk Counties. The red-headed strain of FALL WEBWORM (Hyphantria cunea) appeared earlier than normal in northeastern ARKANSAS in early May. The black-headed strain in general was light in the southern area but became heavy On pecan in the southeast in September. Infestations on hickory, walnut, and fruit trees were heavier and more widespread in 1967 than in 1966 in the southern third of INDIANA. Small webs were first evident during early July in the southern areas and reached a peak of 3-18 per tree by late July. Egg hatch occurred in the extreme northern counties of the north-central and northeastern districts during late July, but very dry conditions in these areas held populations very low. Most colonies failed to make large webs. It was lighter in 1967 in KANSAS but heavy on pecan, black walnut, and persimmon trees in the central and eastern half of OKLAHOMA from early July through October. This species was heavier in 1967 than in 1966 in most areas of the Willamette Valley, OREGON. Up to 100 tents were observed on many black walnut trees. Larvae webbed and defoliated wild cherry and seedling apple trees in Ferry and Stevens Counties, WASHINGTON, in August. PECAN NUT CASEBEARER (Acrobasis caryae) was especially numerous on pecans during 1967 in FLORIDA. Damage was very general and more serious than in 1966. The first and second generations were heavy on pecans and accounted for much of the nut losses in central and southern ALABAMA. Populations ranged light to heavy in Guadalupe County and the north-central area of TEXAS. This pest was reported for the first time in Pecos County. Pecan nut casebearer was first reported in = 102 = late May in south-central OKLAHOMA and was light in most areas throughout the summer. This species was less numerous in KANSAS in 1967 than in 1966, but PECAN LEAF CASEBEARER (A. juglandis) caused severe localized damage in a few pecan groves in FLORIDA. HICKORY SHUCKWORM (Laspeyresia caryana) moths began to emerge from cages on March 11 and emergence peaked on April 5 in FLORIDA. Populations in unsprayed pecan orchards were very high during the entire season and midsummer "drop" loss was especially severe. Hickory shuckworm was again the major pest of pecans throughout ALABAMA with serious nut loss and quality reduction. This species caused concern to pecan growers again in 1967 in north-central, central, northeast, and south-central OKLAHOMA. Infestations ranged 2-80 percent in scattered orchards and were active from early September through early November throughout the State. WALNUT CATERPILLAR (Datana integerrima) was abundant on walnut at Fargo, NORTH DAKOTA, and caused occasional damage in OKLAHOMA. During late July and early August, defoliation of walnut trees and light damage to pecans occurred in southern MISSOURI. Larvae in IOWA defoliated a large percentage of plack walnut trees. Larval feeding on biack walnut foliage was first reported in the third week of July in OHIO, and defoliation continued through mid-August. By then larvae were nearly full grown and defoliation was most frequently reported. Incidences were reported from 11 counties, but severe defoliation was common across most of the State, except possibly the southeastern section. APPLE APHID (Aphis pomi) ranged moderate to heavy in many areas of MAINE but was generally spotty. Stem mothers were generally light, although winged migrants appeared earlier than usual. Damage was kept to a minimum by effective controls. Infestations damaged sucker growth in southern NEW JERSEY until controlled in the early summer. This species was more abundant in 1967 than in past years. Terminal infestations were heavy in several apple orchards in Washington County, MARYLAND. Apple aphid was prevalent and difficult to control on apples in VIRGINIA. Numbers began increasing on apple foliage throughout OHIO in the latter half of June with vegetative shoots and water sprouts the most heavily infested. No problems were caused where regular spray programs were followed despite high numbers in some orchards during the spring and early summer. Apple aphid infested unsprayed apple trees in Benton County, WASHINGTON, in May and was one of the dominant aphids in CALIFORNIA. ROSY APPLE APHID (Dysaphis plantaginea) first appeared on apples in Washington County, MARYLAND, in early April. In June heavy numbers occurred on unsprayed or poorly sprayed apples in the Hancock area. Numbers were prevalent as usual on apple in VIRGINIA but were effectively controlled. Damage was negligible. Egg hatch began in central OHIO the second week of April. From mid-May through early June conditions favored the development of large populations on unsprayed trees. Rosy apple aphid began leaving the leaves to feed on apple fruit in late May and early June and malformed fruit resulted. Curled leaves with 100 or more aphids per leaf occurred the first week of June in the northeastern area. Infestations were generally light in most areas of KANSAS, but were abundant in all areas of western COLORADO as more fruit was damaged in 1967 than in past years. This species caused more of a problem than in recent years in UTAH. Damage was evident in Utah County and spotted and severe in Salt Lake, Grand, Emery, Washington, and other counties. Rosy apple aphid was one of the dominant aphids in CALIFORNIA and was heavy on apple trees in the Roseburg area of Douglas County, OREGON, during June. In WASHINGTON alates ranged 100-200 per tree per day on caged peach trees May 18-26 in Yakima County. WOOLLY APPLE APHID (Eriosoma lanigerum) was moderate but normal in UTAH. In ARIZONA infestations were heavy on apple trees in nurseries at Douglas, Cochise County, and in Graham County yards during late June and early July. This aphid was moderate on apples in Hall County, TEXAS, and was generally light in most areas of KANSAS. This species was again the major pest to apples in ALABAMA, damaging the root system above and below the ground line. - 193 - GREEN PEACH APHID (Myzus persicae) was generally heavy on stone fruits during the wet, cool spring in NEW JERSEY, but no damage was observed. In MARYLAND numbers were medium to heavy in a few peach orchards in Washington County. Green peach aphid was very abundant in all peach orchards in eastern VIRGINIA during the spring of 1967, although it had not been a peach pest for many years in the State. Much damage occurred before controls were applied. Numbers severely curled peach foliage during the spring in the fruit-growing areas of NEW MEXICO, especially where fruit and controls were absent. Infestations were light on peaches in COLORADO as a freeze reduced the crop. In UTAH green peach aphid curled peach foliage in the "Dixie" area of Washington County, in Moab, Grand County, in Alton and Glendale, Kane County, and in central and northern orchards. Most damage occurred in the spring. This pest was heavy on Prunus spp. in north- western NEVADA in May and early June and was one of the dominant APHIDS in CALIFORNIA. Alates ranged 100-200 per tree per day on caged peach trees May 18-26 in Yakima County, WASHINGTON. BLACK CHERRY APHID (M. cerasi) ranged moderate to abundant on unsprayed cherry orchards during May in Benton County, Washington. In Utah black cherry aphid curled sweet cherry foliage mostly in the Spring in the Hurricane and Toquerville areas, Washington County, in Moab, Grand County, in Brigham City and Willard area, Box Elder County, and in many home orchards in Salt Lake County. Infestations were moderate in Juab and Emery Counties. BLACK-MARGINED APHID (Monellia costalis) was light on pecan trees in Safford Valley of Graham County, ARIZONA, during mid-May and caused occasional damage in OKLAHOMA. This species and BLACK PECAN APHID (Myzocallis caryaefoliae) were serious pests to pecans in southern and central ALABAMA. In TEXAS black pecan aphid was moderate to heavy and caused partial defoliation of pecan trees in Ward and Gillespie Counties. Black pecan aphid caused occasional damage in OKLAHOMA but was one of the dominant aphids in CALIFORNIA. FILBERT APHID (M. coryli) was very numerous in the spring and spotted in the fall on filberts in Davis, Salt Lake, and Cache Counties, UTAH, and numerous on ornamental filberts at Logan, Cache County, and Salt Lake City, Salt Lake County. BLACK PEACH APHID (Brachycaudus persicaecola) killed several nonbearing trees in one Camden County orchard in NEW JERSEY and was one of the dominant aphids in CALIFORNIA. Unspecified APHIDS were not serious where apple trees were cared for in RHODE ISLAND. Monellia spp. were light in northern FLORIDA in 1967 except for local outbreaks in June. M. nigropunctata was a Serious pest on pecans in southern and central ALABAMA. Other APHIDS caused much damage in central and western MISSOURI, probably due to few spray applications because of a light fruit set. Aphids were severe on English walnuts during the spring in Washington and Utah Counties, UTAH, and severely infested black walnut trees in the spring and early summer throughout the State. Aphids were numerous on pecan trees in Washington County during the spring. Aphids in general were late but very damaging in CALIFORNIA. AN APHID (Anuraphis helichrysi) was heavy on prunes in the Wenatchee area of Chelan County, WASHINGTON, and was heavy on Prunus spp. in northwestern NEVADA in May and early June. ie. Fae PEAR PSYLLA (Psylla pyricola) eggs were first observed in Hood River County, OREGON, on February 9. Due to cool spring temperatures, the first nymphs did not appear until the first week of April. Fourth and fifth instars and a few first- generation adults were noted by mid-May. Due to the general use of early season control programs and an abnormally warm season, little difficulty was encountered in maintaining relatively low population levels throughout the growing season. Populations increased to damaging levels in all pear-growing areas during harvest. In the Willamette Valley, pear psylla was a significant problem in many pear orchards and was not satisfactorily controlled by previously effective treatments. Populations varied throughout the northern part of CALIFORNIA. Adults and freshly laid eggs were common on pear twigs in an orchard in Wayne County, MICHIGAN, on April 4. This species was widespread in fruit areas and especially common in many backyard and unsprayed plantings. Commercial orchardists generally maintained the usual good control. This is the third year that complaints of pear damage in noncommercial plantings have been more common than usual in RHODE ISLAND. - 194 - WHITE APPLE LEAFHOPPER (Typhlocyba pomaria) was heavier than normal in MICHIGAN for the second consecutive year. Problems were limited in some fruit areas, especially Kent County where high nymphal populations and some adults discolored foliage in a few orchards near Sparta by mid-August. White apple leafhopper was numerous in some Weber, Salt Lake, and Cache County home orchards in UTAH. Unspecified LEAFHOPPERS were very prevalent and mainly damaged young apple plantings in treated orchards in VIRGINIA. A LEAFHOPPER (Empoasca sp.) was very heavy on neglected apple trees in mid-July in RHODE ISLAND and ianother LEAFHOPPER (Oncometopia nigricans) waS common on peach trees at Tampa, FLORIDA, all winter in late 1966 and early 1967. PRUNE LEAFHOPPER (Edwardsiana prunicola) was numerous on prune trees in the Brigham City and Willard area of Box Elder County, UTAH. SAN JOSE SCALE (Aspidiotus perniciosus) populations have been increasing in the tops of many fruit trees in NEW YORK for several years. This is probably due to the lack of specific control applications at the half-inch green stage and poor spray coverage in the postbloom stage. This species presented a problem similar to 1966 on peach and pear in northern FLORIDA. The problem remained on nursery stock and infested plants were destroyed. If the recommended spray schedule was followed, no particular problem on commercial peaches occurred. San Jose scale continued to be the most important scale affecting peach, apple, plun, and pear in northern and central ALABAMA. In MONTANA an eradication program in Plains, Sanders County, has been underway on this species as winter weather in that area does not freeze out the pest. Infestations were heavy in unsprayed apple and pear orchards in Douglas County, OREGON, in 1967 and generally increased on most deciduous fruits and almonds in CALIFORNIA. WHITE PEACH SCALE (Pseudaulacaspis pentagona) has become one of the more important scale insects on peach and plum in southern and central ALABAMA and continues serious on commercial peaches in central and northern FLORIDA. Numbers were light in several peach orchards in the Piedmont and Tidewater areas of VIRGINIA. A severe infestation of this species and EUROPEAN FRUIT LECANIUM (Lecanium corni) in one large orchard in Nelson County prevented the sale of much fruit because of the presence of a black fungus. OYSTERSHELL SCALE (Lepidosaphes ulmi) egg hatch averaged about 2 percent on apple trees in Dane County, WISCONSIN, by May 31, and about 50 percent of the crawlers had emerged. By June 8 egg hatch was complete and 80 percent of the crawlers were exposed. SCURFY SCALE (Chionaspis furfura) was heavy on apple at Lokota, NORTH DAKOTA. European fruit lecanium damage was normal on a few fruit plantings in Lower MICHIGAN. Egg hatch began in mid-June and crawlers peaked in late June in the southern counties. GLOBOSE SCALE (Lecanium prunastri) was very heavy on ornamental plum in New Castle County, DELAWARE, with crawlers observed in mid-June. APPLE MAGGOT (Rhagoletis pomonella) emergence began July 4 in the Monmouth cages and numbers peaked on July 19 when emergence was 50 percent complete in MAINE. Emergence was almost complete (99.5 percent) on August 21. The last adult was recovered on September 12. Cage populations decreased due to much water in the soil under the enclosures. Damage in untreated orchards indicated natural populations were average or Slighty higher than usual. Adults were observed in early July in RHODE ISLAND. Damage was inconspicuous in commercial orchards and damage reports on homegrown fruit were fewer than usual. Apple maggot damage increased slightly in a few NEW YORK orchards probably due to increasing the time interval between sprays, especially during July and early August. Infesta- tions were typically severe in unsprayed blocks and backyard plantings in NEW JERSEY but caused very little damage in commercial plantings. Apple maggot activity increased in the northern two-thirds of PENNSYLVANIA while all other major fruit pests remained light in the State. Adult emergence began in south- west MICHIGAN the last week of June and properly timed sprays were successful. Apple maggot was found farther south than normal in ILLINOIS in 1967, although damage did not occur as far south this year. In WISCONSIN adults began appearing in sticky apple traps in the southern area by June 30. An intensive survey across the southern half of the State revealed that adults peaked in late July and early August. A second and much lower peak occurred in late August. Overall - 195 - adult numbers were less than half of those in 1966. The highest consistent populations in the southern 3 tiers of counties appeared in Dane and Sauk Counties with isolated infestations in Washington, Iowa, Jefferson, and Dodge Counties. The first emergence in MINNESOTA occurred in the Minneapolis and St. Paul area on June 9 and in the Duluth and Two Harbor area on July 31. Trap collections in most locations were higher in 1967 than in 1966. Apple maggot continues to be a major problem on backyard apple trees CHERRY FRUIT FLY (Rhagoletis cingulata) and BLACK CHERRY FRUIT FLY (R. fausta) caused minor damage to cherries in NEW YORK in 1967. R. cingulata adults first appeared in Kent County, MICHIGAN, on June 15 and in Oceana County on June 16. R. fausta adults appeared in Benzie County on June 13. Properly timed sprays were successful. Controls for a CHERRY FRUIT FLY (R. cingulata indifferens) were applied in most orchards in the Flathead Lake area and Bitterroot Valley of MONTANA. Some isolated infested trees were treated. The first adults appeared on May 17 in Yakima County, WASHINGTON, while adults of this species and black cherry fruit fly emerged May 29 in Marion County, June 2 in Hood River County, and June 25 in Umatilla County, OREGON. Control was satisfactory in treated orchards. WALNUT HUSK FLY (R. completa) larvae were taken from walnut husks in Clark and Skamania Counties in WASHINGTON for new county records in 1967. Walnut husk fly lightly infested black walnuts for the first time in East Portland, Multnomah County, and English walnuts in Roseburg, Douglas County, OREGON. Populations were widespread with much variation throughout CALIFORNIA and caused very late damage. Infestations were less than normal and damage ranged moderate to light in UTAH. PLUM CURCULIO (Conotrachelus nenuphar) was very active as indicated by the complete loss of unsprayed fruit in MAINE. Commercial plantings were generally under good control programs and damage was held to a minimum. The problem is general but especially troublesome in the southern area. Adults were collected from May 28 through July 6 in RHODE ISLAND although numbers were not conspicuous. Damage was almost nonexistent in well-sprayed apple orchards in NEW YORK, but a damage potential was shown in abandoned orchards or in orchards where controls were poorly timed or applied. Larvae, mostly this species, were found in cherries. principally due to the delayed application of postbloom spray. Plum curculio was difficult to find in well-managed orchards, although much damage occurred in unsprayed blocks and in backyard plantings in NEW JERSEY. Very little damage occurred in commercial orchards. In VIRGINIA emergence and Oviposition were retarded due to unfavorable weather during April and May. Very few eggs were laid until after May 21 and no second generation developed. These events were unusual. Infestations were controlled and caused little damage to apple in the State. By mid-May adults had begun feeding and ovipositing on cherries and plums in OHIO. The first full-grown larvae of the season began to emerge from dropped plums in the third week of June, and the new generation of adults appeared in the northeastern section in the first week of August. In June damage was Serious to plums, cherries, and apples. Little damage occurred in ILLINOIS. In 29 of the outstanding commercial apple orchards, 1 curculio damage per 2,000 fruits examined appeared on the trees and half of the damaged fruit was found in one orchard. No curculio damage was found in 30 orchards during a random peach harvest survey. Plum curculio occurred statewide and was one of the most serious pests of peach, plum, and apple fruits in ALABAMA. Populations remained at low levels with little damage in KANSAS. This species and PLUM GOUGER (Anthonomus scutellaris) ranged light to heavy on native plum trees throughout OKLAHOMA. A FALSE POWDER-POST BEETLE (Melalgus confertus) damaged backyard fruit trees and ornamentals in Jackson and Douglas Counties, OREGON. Damage increased this year in Douglas County. M. confertus damaged prune and apple trees in a few locations and was more prevalent in 1967 than in other years in CALIFORNIA. PACIFIC FLATHEADED BORER (Chrysobothris mali) was also more prevalent than usual in the State. DRIED-FRUIT BEETLE (Carpophilus hemipterus) heavily infested peach fruits - 196 - in Clark County, NEVADA, in August, and a SPOTTED CUCUMBER BEETLE (Diabrotica undecimpunctata tenella) fed on blossoms of pears, apples, and peaches in the Stewart District of Cochise County, ARIZONA. Damage was severe in early April in Cochise County. SHOT-HOLE BORER (Scolytus rugulosus) was generally light on deciduous fruits in CALIFORNIA and was common in old and neglected stone fruit orchards in UTAH. Numbers were conspicuous at Moab, Grand County, and in some home orchards in Salt Lake and Box Elder Counties. A JUNE BEETLE (Cotinis texana) fed on stone fruits in Maricopa and Pima Counties, ARIZONA, in late July and on ornamental peaches during mid-July at Tucson, Pima County. RED-HEADED ASH BORER (Neoclytus acuminatus) heavily infested apple trees near San Angelo in Tom Green County, TEXAS, and TWIG GIRDLER (Oncideres cingulata) damaged persimmon and pecan trees in central, north-central, east-central, northwest, and south- east areas of OKLAHOMA from mid-October to mid-November. PECAN WEEVIL (Curculio caryae) was very destructive late in the season in a few groves near Monticello, FLORIDA, and ranged light to heavy throughout many of the pecan-growing regions of TEXAS. Infestations were heavy in Junction, Menard, and Comanche and were found for the first time in Taylor County, Texas. Adult emergence began in east-central OKLAHOMA in early July and infestations were heavy in many areas by mid-August. Damage continued until mid-November. Pecan weevil was more common in KANSAS in 1967 than in 1966, but few infestations were of economic importance. PEAR SAWFLY (Hoplocampa brevis) adults were collected on pear blossoms at Johnston, RHODE ISLAND, May 22. PEAR-SLUG (Caliroa cerasi) infested pear, cherry, and plum in 1967 in Hamilton, Billings, Polson, and Bozeman, MONTANA. Pear-slug damage to pear and cherry foliage was occasionally severe locally, but normal for UTAH. Pear-slug skeletonized foliage of stone fruits and pears in north- western NEW MEXICO orchards. TARNISHED PLANT BUG (Lygus lineolaris) fed on fruit buds in the Monmouth and Readfield areas, MAINE, on May 16, but populations were lighter than in 1966 and feeding damage was not as evident. Tarnished plant bug caused less than 2 per- cent damage to the peach crop in VIRGINIA. A LEAF-FOOTED BUG (Leptoglossus zonatus) damaged immature pecan nuts at Phoenix in Maricopa County, ARIZONA, in mid-September, and EUROPEAN EARWIG (Forficula auricularia) damaged fruit buds early in the season and ripening walnut fruit late in the Season in CALIFORNIA. EUROPEAN RED MITE (Panonychus ulmi) eggs began to hatch May 24 at Monmouth, MAINE. Cool, wet weather appeared to affect numbers more than the pattern of development. Adults and summer eggs were present at Monmouth and Kents Hill on June 9. Populations appeared normal by the second generation, but overall seasonal levels were somewhat below average. Although the first appearance in VERMONT was late, it bronzed some Red Delicious apples in Addison County. European red mite continued to be a major control problem in NEW YORK. Due to cool, wet weather, populations increased slowly during the spring and early summer but developed rapidly in late July and August. In most cases summer acaricides had to supplement prebloom oil applications. In NEW JERSEY numbers were generally lower on apples in 1967 than in 1966. Generally, European red mite was very light On peaches throughout the State. Late in the summer, several heavy infestations damaged foliage in 2 Burlington County orchards and one block was defoliated by late August. European red mite infested apples much less in 1967 than in the past few years in DELAWARE. During late June and July numbers were difficult to control in several apple orchards in Washington County, MARYLAND, and populations were the lowest in several years in VIRGINIA. A few peach-orchards had severe infes- tations. European red mite egg hatch was well underway in southern OHIO by mid- April when the first major hatch occurred in northern counties. The first summer eggs appeared during the first week of June. The buildup generally began in the last half of June and continued through July. Averages of up to 40 per leaf and small amounts of bronzing were noted in some orchards. Cool August temperatures inhibited the usual large summer buildup. Regularly treated commercial orchards had no problems. = OY o Egg hatch in southwestern MICHIGAN started on May 1. By May 26 eggs from first- brood adults appeared on leaves in the area and hatch was underway by early June. Fewer problems occurred in most fruit areas due to a cool summer, adequate rain- fall, and good chemical control programs. The need for preventive programs and special miticidal sprays still classed this species as one of the most expensive fruit pests. Populations peaked in August rather than in July, generally, with the usual great variation among orchards credited to individual spray programs. Some bronzed orchards became apparent in late August and early September. Early in September the overwintering oviposition on the twigs and the calyx ends of apples was underway. Good early European red mite control was obtained by most growers using oil in ILLINOIS. But with a warm June, this species and a SPIDER MITE (Tetranychus sp.) began their normal buildup. P. ulmi was a pest in many IOWA orchards. European red mite was found for the first time in Mesa County, COLORADO, in a young apple planting in the Clifton area and was very abundant on deciduous fruits and almonds in CALIFORNIA. Overwintering eggs hatched during the fourth week of April on pear trees in Hood River County, OREGON. An early warm period in February followed by cold, unsettled weather during March and April apparently delayed hatch. Deutonymphs were not observed until May 10, about a month later than usual. A hot, dry summer contributed to serious problems in all fruit-growing areas. European red mite damaged some commercial and backyard orchards in WASHINGTON. TWO-SPOTTED SPIDER MITE (Tetranychus urticae) damaged tree fruit, especially in central and eastern WASHINGTON and moved from overwintering sites under pear bark scales to pre-pink buds in the second week of March in Hood River County, OREGON. It was actively feeding on pears by the late pink stage and had defoliated many cherry and D'Anjou pear trees in The Dalles area of Wasco County. This species was very general on most fruit trees in CALIFORNIA. Infestations increased to high levels and caused some loss to apple fruit color and size in Mesa and Delta Counties, COLORADO. T. urticae adults and nymphs were present on fruit crops in several areas of MICHIGAN during the summer, but major problems were scarce in 1967. This species and P. ulmi were in several orchards which showed bronzing in August and September. | A SPIDER MITE (T. mcdanieli) was light on apples in San Bernardino County, CALIFORNIA, where it had been a pest. This species, in general, was the most abundant on record in orchards in the Milton-Freewater area of OREGON and seriously damaged many orchards in the State. T. mcdanieli was abundant on fruits in May in orchards in the Spokane and central WASHINGTON areas. An integrated control program was attempted in certain localities on apples and other tree fruits in the central area. In IDAHO it infested 11 of 13 (severe in 3) orchards in Canyon, Gem, and Payette Counties on May 12. T. mcdanieli averaged 50 per leaf on the inner half of the trees. Eggs, nymphs, and adults of the predacious phytoseiid mite (Typhlodromus occidentalis) ranged up to 3 or 4 per leaf in 6 of the orchards. Damage was the lightest in several years in UTAH. This species and others were a problem mainly on apple foliage in orchards in San Juan, Bernalillo, Lincoln, Sandoval, and Rio Arriba Counties, NEW MEXICO. SPIDER MITES were light during most of the season in MISSOURI. TWO-SPOTTED SPIDER MITE (Tetranychus urticae) increased on peaches during August but did not affect the crop. Tetranychus spp. increased during July and occasionally silvered leaves in the southern area. Spider mites were noted in more NEW YORK orchards in 1967 than in the past several years. In many cases, the populations that built up early on the succulent cover crops and weeds migrated to trees when the orchards were mowed in mid-June,and controls were then required. However, by late August and early September, European red mite became dominant in the mite problem areas. Tetranychus sp. damaged stone fruits late in the season in UTAH where T. mcdanieli had been dominant on apples and pears for the past several years. Tetranychus sp. was heavy in peach orchards in the Piedmont area and the extreme southeast corner of VIRGINIA. Foliage damage was severe and affected fruit size. Tetranychus sp. ranged light to moderate in some localities of MAINE but was well controlled and caused only minor problems. YELLOW SPIDER MITE (Eotetranychus carpini borealis) increased to high levels in pear orchards in Jackson and Douglas Counties, OREGON, during July and August. - 198 - APPLE RUST MITE (Aculus schlechtendali) infestations and damage were evident throughout MAINE by July 12. Damage was found in the same areas of the State affected in 1966. Foliage damage was mainly light with some moderate injury in some locations. PEACH SILVER MITE (A. cornutus) was abundant in peach orchards at harvest in COLORADO but its importance waS cancelled due to a crop reduction during a freeze. PEAR RUST MITE (Epitrimerus pyri) was abundant in Mesa County, Colorado, and caused leaf damage to the Tight crop of pears. This species occurs rarely in a normal crop year in the State. PEAR LEAF BLISTER MITE (Eriophyes pyri) was conspicuous on some apple and pear trees in the Nephi and Levan area of Juab County, Richfield in Sevier County, and Moab in Grand County, UTAH. E. pyri heavily damaged many pear trees in the Missoula, Bitterroot Valley, and Sanders County areas of MONTANA. Unspecified MITES were much less troublesome than usual in VIRGINIA due in part to vigorous control measures, lower temperatures, more cloud cover, and possibly the decreased use of insecticides for the past 2 years. RUST MITES may have been heavier than in most years in the State. Mites were present in most pecan orchards but did little damage in FLORIDA. These pests remained the most diffi- cult control problem on apples in ILLINOIS and caused damage to a few peach blocks in the State. Cool weather delayed development several weeks in the southern area. This season was a moderate year for mites as Satisfactory controls were maintained and high populations were not reached. Mite damage developed later than usual on apples and pears in UTAH and numbers were generally very prevalent and damaging in 1967 in CALIFORNIA. CITRUS Highlights GLOVER SCALE was the most abundant scale in Florida during the first half of 1967. CALIFORNIA RED SCALE threatened some citrus in the Rio Grande Valley of Texas. BLACK SCALE reached unusually high levels and was the Scale of greatest concern from July through September in Florida. CITRUS THRIPS was very prevalent in citrus areas throughout California. CITRUS RED MITE was severe and difficult to control in Tulare County, California, and was more abundant than in the past 6 years from January to March in Florida. TEXAS CITRUS MITE was at record high levels in March, April, May, and mid-June in Florida and threatened some citrus in the Rio Grande Valley of Texas. CITRUS RUST MITE was unusually abundant in Florida in 1967 as some of the highest monthly populations in 16 years were recorded. SALT-MARSH CATERPILLAR (Estigmene acrea) necessitated the erection of barriers during mid-October in the Yuma Valley in Yuma County, ARIZONA, to protect mature citrus trees. CABBAGE LOOPER (Trichoplusia ni) damaged young terminals in plantings near the desert area during early October in Yuma County. ORANGE-DOG (Papilio cresphontes) was generally most troublesome from early June to November in Maricopa, Pinal, and Yuma Counties, and a LEAF ROLLER MOTH (Platynota stultana) made treatments necessary in mid-July and early October in citrus nurseries in Yuma County, Arizona. Another LEAF ROLLER MOTH (Xylomyges curialis) infested citrus and required controls in San Bernardino County, while still another LEAF ROLLER MOTH (Ptycholoma peritana) caused Some damage in Tulare, Riverside, and San Bernardino Counties, CALIFORNIA. ORANGE TORTRIX (Argyrotaenia citrana) caused spotted damage to southern California citrus despite the normal effective- ness of biological agents. WESTERN TUSSOCK MOTH pHemeLocaEDe veLusezy infested citrus in San Bernardino County, California. An ARMORED SCALE(Unaspis citri) continued to spread within groves and to infest more new groves than before in FLORIDA. By midseason, 11 percent of the survey groves were infested and caused concern. Precautions were taken to prevent spreading through the movement of nursery stock. A special survey was continued and all infested nursery stock was quarantined. The heaviest infestations were still in Orange, Lake, Seminole, and neighboring counties. GLOVER SCALE (Lepidosaphes gloverii) was the most abundant scale during the first half of 1967 = Ie) o in Florida, but then decreased to the normal high level in July. This high level continued until mid-August, 2 weeks later than usual. Numbers then decreased to the normal low level by mid-September and continued low the rest of 1967. CALIFORNIA RED SCALE (Aonidiella aurantii) mostly ranged light to moderate and caused little economic damage in 1967 in TEXAS, but threatened some citrus in the Rio Grande Valley. California red scale infested 35 acres of un- treated citrus in November and was found in 3 additional untreated areas in December in Maricopa County, ARIZONA, during late 1967. Populations increased and required much control in CALIFORNIA. YELLOW SCALE (A. citrina) was general in Tulare County, but spreading in Fresno County, California, and PURPLE SCALE (L. beckii) was light in Orange County, but was increasing and spreading in San Diego County. BROWN SOFT SCALE (Coccus hesperidum) lightly infested unsprayed dooryard citrus in southern TEXAS during Tate March and required control treatments in San Luis Obispo, Fresno, and Ventura Counties, CALIFORNIA. CITRICOLA SCALE (C. pseudomagnoliarum) was more prevalent from Kern County north than in other years, and BLACK SCALE (Saissetia oleae) was partially controlled by biological agents, although local buildups did occur in California. Black scale reached unusually high levels after a Slow start but became the scale of greatest concern from July through September in FLORIDA. COTTONY-CUSHION SCALE (Icerya purchasi) was light and spotty in Yuma County, ARIZONA, during early May and was controlled by vedalia, Rodolia cardinalis. Infestations were local on commercial and dooryard citrus in CALIFORNIA. MEALYBUG populations were lower than the usual normal low levels for winter and early spring in FLORIDA but increased rapidly after mid-May and peaked in late June at the normal high level of recent years. Mealybugs were moderate in July but decreased to normal low levels by October. CITRUS MEALYBUG (Planococcus citri) were very abundant on citrus in San Diego and Santa Barbara Counties, CALIFORNIA. Unspecified APHIDS were general in most citrus areas in CALIFORNIA and increased faster than usual in March, then increased Sharply in-April, peaked above normal level in mid-April, and quickly decreased to a low level in May in FLORIDA. GREEN PEACH APHID (Myzus persicae) was heavy on new terminal growth and weed hosts in groves in Yuma County, ARIZONA, during late March and COWPEA APHID (Aphis craccivora) was light and scattered on young terminal growth from March to December in the Same county. LEAFHOPPERS (Empoasca spp.) were moderate on mature navel and Valencia oranges, tangerines, and grapefruit in Maricopa County, ARIZONA, and controls were required in November to prevent rind damage. Other LEAFHOPPERS (Erythroneura spp.) were heavy on Marsh grapefruit and navel oranges in Chandler Heights area, Maricopa County, during November and December in the same State. Adults of a LEAFHOPPER (Oncometopia nigricans) were abundant on young mango trees at Homestead, , FLORIDA, during late August, while WHITEFLIES fluctuated slightly above and below normal levels in the State. FULLER ROSE WEEVIL (Pantomorus cervinus) caused much damage locally in San Diego and Butte Counties while ARGENTINE ANT (Iridomyrmex humilis) presented a local problem in citrus in Orange County, CALIFORNIA. EUROPEAN EARWIG (Forficula auricularia) damaged some young citrus in Butte County, California. A LEAF- FOOTED BUG (Leptoglossus zonatus) was troublesome on fruit during mid-October in Maricopa County, ARIZONA CITRUS THRIPS (Scirtothrips citri) ranged light to moderate from March to mid-April in ARIZONA and Sulfur treatments were made from mid-March,through April. Controls were applied from May to late August to protect new terminal growth in Maricopa and Yuma Counties. Citrus thrips was very prevalent in citrus areas throughout CALIFORNIA. = 200)— CITRUS RED MITE (Panonychus citri)was severe and difficult to control in Tulare County and other Southern CALIFORNIA growing areas. Infestations were first detected May 3 in 8 lemon sections on the Yuma Mesa in Yuma County, ARIZONA. In October and November additional infestations were found on the Yuma Mesa. This was a new State record. Citrus red mite was more abundant than in the past 6 years from January to March in FLORIDA but concerned only scattered groveSy mostly in the north and west citrus districts. Numbers were above normal in April but below normal in May, June, and for the rest of 1967. TEXAS CITRUS MITE (Eutetranychus banksi) departed from the usual trend as numbers were at record high levels in March, April, May, and mid-June, but then decreased to normal levels by September. By late November populations were below normal and very low, but by mid-December had increased to moderate to heavy levels. Infestations ranged light to moderate and caused little economic damage in 1967 in TEXAS, but threatened some citrus in the Rio Grande Valley. CITRUS FLAT MITE (Brevipalpus lewisi) ranged moderate to heavy from late March through November on citrus in Yuma County, ARIZONA. Controls were applied repeatedly to prevent the scarring of fruit. Early control was required in Tulare County, CALIFORNIA,for this pest. CITRUS BUD MITE (Aceria sheldoni) was generally light in Santa Barbara and Orange Counties while CITRUS RUST MITE (Phyllocoptruta oleivora) varied on coastal citrus in southern California. Citrus rust mite waS unusually abundant in 1967 and was the most important mite in FLORIDA. The highest populations in 16 years were recorded for several months. OLIVE SCALE (Parlatoria oleae) was quite prevalent on olive plantings at many locations in CALIFORNIA. BLACK SCALE (Saissetia oleae) infested olive at a few locations in the State. FIG SCALE (Lepidosaphes ficus) was not held in check by biological control agents in California during 1967. PINEAPPLE MEALYBUG (Dysmicoccus brevipes) adults were generally moderate on leaves of 1.6 million to 2 million Spanish pineapples at a farm in Hendry County, FLORIDA, during late July. GREENHOUSE THRIPS (Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis) populations were generally light and controlled on avocados in Santa Barbara County, CALIFORNIA. OMNIVOROUS LOOPER (Sabulodes caberata) was very prevalent on avocados in Ventura County. A JUNE BEETLE (Cotinis texana) damaged fig fruit in Tulare County and a few locations in southern California. A SEED CHALCID (Megastigmus pistaciae) was taken in pistachio nuts at Chico in Butte County, California, for a new North American record. A LEAF- FOOTED BUG (Leptoglossus zonatus) caused heavy damage to dates and pomegranates in backyard plantings from mid-August to early October in Graham, Maricopa, Pinal, and Yuma Counties, ARIZONA. PAPAYA FRUIT FLY (Toxotrypana curvicauda) was very severe throughout the summer and fall in eastern Palm Beach County, FLORIDA. Many gardeners and homeowners stated that controls were unsuccessful. AVOCADO BROWN MITE (Oligonychus punicae) was general on avocado in Santa Barbara County, CALIFORNIA. Biological control usually holds this mite in check. AVOCADO RED MITE (Oligonychus yothersi) built up as late as or a little later than usual in FLORIDA. Tt waS preSent on avocados at Homestead for a Shorter period during 1967. All stages of an ACARID MITE (Tyrophagus sp.) infested Spanish pineapples at a farm in Hendry County, Florida. WP LPT SMALL FRUITS Highlights: WESTERN GRAPE LEAF SKELETONIZER infestations were the heaviest since first discovered in Nevada. ROSE CHAFER caused heavy damage to grapes in Maine. STRAWBERRY APHID - 201 - was heavier than normal in Washington. SPIDER MITES were of some concern in a few areas. GRAPE LEAF SKELETONIZER (HarrisSina americana) was a problem on untreated grapevines at Gainesville, FLORIDA, from April to October. This pest heavily damaged plantings near Crockett in Houston County,TEXAS. WESTERN GRAPE LEAF SKELETONIZER (H. brillians) destroyed abandoned commercial vineyards and backyard plantings in the following ARIZONA counties: Maricopa and Pinal during mid-June, Pima during mid- August, Cochise during early September, and Gila during early October. Western grape leaf skeletonizer damage in UTAH ranged light to moderate in the St. George, Hurricane, and La Verkin area of Washington County. Adults of the western species in NEVADA emerged about a month earlier than normal in Clark County. Defoliating entire vines, larvae caused the heaviest damage since the discovery of this pest in the area. Several lepidopterous pests were a problem on grapes in CALIFORNIA. A LEAF ROLLER MOTH (Platynota stultana) became a Serious pest in the San Joaquin Valley. GRAPE LEAF FOLDER (Desmia funeralis), a cyclic pest, is on the increase in grape plantings, and Euxoa sp., alSo a periodic pest, locally damaged grape plantings in Fresno County. Unspecified CUTWORMS were severe on this crop in the State. BLACK CUTWORM (Agrotis ipsilon) and BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) damaged some strawberry plantings in California, and LESSER CORNSTALK BORER (Elasmopalpus lignosellus) damaged strawberry crowns in a few southern counties. STRAWBERRY LEAF ROLLER (Ancylis comptana fragariae) was common in northern and central UTAH. CURRANT BORER (RamoSia tipuliformis) was normal and common on red currant at Huntsville in Emery County, Logan in Cache County, and the Payson area of Utah County, Utah. RASPBERRY CROWN BORER (Bembecia marginata) waS damaging in the Flathead Lake area and along the Mission Mountains in MONTANA. Heavy populations of CURRANT SPANWORM (Itame ribearia) damaged currants at Fargo, NORTH DAKOTA. RASPBERRY LEAF ROLLER (Exartema permundanum) infested various fields of Boyne raspberries in the northern part Of MINNESOTA for the second consecutive year. ROSE CHAFER (Macrodactylus subspinosus) infestation and damage were very heavy on grapes in the Portland area of MAINE. In some instances it destroyed the entire crop. A LEAF BEETLE (Glyptoscelis squamulata) caused more than the usual amount of damage in grape plantings in a few CALIFORNIA locations. Populations of a FALSE POWDER-POST BEETLE (Melalgus confertus) were heavier in vineyards in a few counties of northern California. STRAWBERRY ROOT WEEVIL(Brachyrhinus ovatus)and a WEEVIL (B. rugosostriatus) damaged some Strawberry and raspberry patches in Salt Lake, Weber, Davis, Box Elder, Utah, and Cache Counties in UTAH; BLACK VINE WEEVIL (B. sulcatus) was also damaging in some Utah locations. STRAWBERRY WEEVIL (Anthonomus Signatus) caused light to medium bud injury on strawberries in Prince Georges and Wicomico Counties in MARYLAND. Heavy larval populations of strawberry root weevil injured strawberry at West Kingston, RHODE ISLANDs;in early July. Strawberry weevil activity in MAINE was quite low. Damage was negligible in most cases. STRAWBERRY CROWN BORER (Tyloderma fragariae) killed a major portion of a new strawberry planting at Skowhegan. This pest is not common on strawberry in Maine. Adults of a SAP BEETLE (Stelidota geminata) first appeared in southwestern MICHIGAN strawberry fields about June 8. Baits treated with an organic phosphate gave good control. The overall problem was greatly reduced from that in 1966 when this beetle was first noted and caused extensive monetary loss to the strawberry industry in the State. DUSKY SAP BEETLE (Carpophilus lugubris) adults fed on ripe strawberries in Yakima County, WASHINGTON, during July. RASPBERRY CANE BORER (Oberea bimaculata) adults were found on raspberry canes at Bountiful; Davis County, in UTAH. STRAWBERRY APHID (Chaetosiphon fragaefolii) was 3-6 times heavier than normal on strawberries during May in Clark County, WASHINGTON. In CALIFORNIA strawberry aphid was a local pest of strawberries in a few Southern locations. APHIDS in general - 202 - were less troublesome on small fruits than other crops. An APHID (Amphorophora agathonica) was heavy on red raspberry foliage in the Orem and Provo area of Utah County, the Murray area of Salt Lake County, and the Logan and Wellsville area of Cache County in UTAH. CURRANT APHID (Cryptomyzus ribis) caused conspicuous cupping and discoloration of red currant foliage at Huntington, Emery County; in the Provo and Payson area, Utah County; and in Salt Lake, Weber,and Cache Counties in UTAH. LEAFHOPPERS (Erythroneura spp.) were widespread and very damaging in CALIFORNIA. In UTAH, VIRGINIA-CREEPER LEAFHOPPER (E. ziczac) and Erythroneura spp. discolored grape foliage at Moab, Grand Countyygand in Washington, Salt Lake, Davis, and Box Elder Counties. The third collection of GRAPE PHYLLOXERA (Phylloxera vitifoliae) in FLORIDA was made at a second location at Lady Lake, Lake County. The second collection from Altoona, Lake County, was a new county record. BLUEBERRY THRIPS (Frankliniella vaccinii) gradually increased in numbers and in- festation locales in MAINE. Several new points in Washington County have reported this insect. The 1967 emergence pattern was disrupted by erratic weather conditions. However, BLUEBERRY MAGGOT (Rhagoletis mendax) had emergence dates and patterns that were normal. Populations were much higher Than 1966 levels. Heavy numbers infested untreated or poorly treated areas in Maine. Blueberry maggot adult emergence began in southwestern MICHIGAN during the last week of June. Properly timed sprays were successful. SPIDER MITES (Tetranychus spp.) built up to economic numbers on strawberries in Allegany and Prince Georges Counties, MARYLAND, with warm weather during May. A SPIDER MITE (Tetranychus sp.) was not as persistently abundant as it was in 1967 on strawberries at HomeStead, FLORIDA. It damaged some strawberries in Hardee County during late February and early March. Tetranychus sp. injury to raspberry foliage was below normal in Rich and Cache Counties, UTAH. TWO-SPOTTED SPIDER MITE (T. urticae) was difficult to control on strawberries in CALIFORNIA. CARMINE SPIDER MITE (T. telarius) was very damaging to strawberries in the southern area. Another SPIDER MITE (Eotetranychus willamettei) damaged some grapevines in Fresno County, California. CYCLAMEN MITE (SteneotarSonemus pallidus) continued to be a serious pest of everbearing strawberry plants in MINNESOTA, but caused very little damage to plantings in very few areas of California, EARWIGS were a problem in Some raspberry and strawberry patches in northern and central UTAH. Damp, cool weather favored SLUGS and SNAILS in strawberry patches in ILLINOIS and were a problem in Several commercial plantings in south and central areas of the State. Slugs moderately injured home garden strawberry plantings in many locations of MAINE. GARDEN SYMPHYLAN (Scutigerella immaculata) lightly damaged small fruit for the third consecutive year in Southwestern WASHINGTON. ie) ENO3C01L 12M 1GA C001 OMOLOGY LIBRARY S G MAUNEY DEPT ENTOM ~ AL MUSEUM GTO DC 20560 VOL. 18 No. 12 March 22. 1968 $23 Gay Exp) ( Cooperative ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT Issued by PLANT PEST CONTROL DIVISION AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE PLANT PEST CONTROL DIVISION SURVEY AND DETECTION OPERATIONS The Cooperative Economic Insect Report is issued weekly as a service to American Agriculture. Its contents are compiled from information supplied by cooperating State, Federal, and industrial entomologists and other agricultural workers. In releasing this material the Division serves as a clearing house and doesnot assume responsibility for ac- curacy of the material. All reports and inquiries pertaining to this release, including the mailing list, should be sent to: Survey and Detection Operations Plant Pest Control Division Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Federal Center Building Hyattsville, Maryland 20782 Volume 18 March 22, 1968 Number 12 COOPERATIVE ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT HIGHLIGHTS Current Conditions WINTER GRAIN MITE heavy on wheat in Kay County, Oklahoma (p. 206); stunting alfalfa in Stanislaus and Merced Counties, California (p. 207). PEA APHID very heavy on alfalfa in Pahrump Valley of Nye County, Nevada. (p. 206). BARK BEETLES damaging pines in Los Padres National Forest in California. (p. 208). HOG LOUSE heavy in northwest Arkansas. (p. 209). A GRASS WEBWORM found for the first time on Maui and Hawaii Islands, Hawaii. Previously found on Oahu and Kauai. (p. 210). Prediction Alfalfa weevil egg survey indicates progressive moderate to severe larval damage from north to south in the southern half of Illinois. (p. 206). Detection New State records include an OLETHREUTID MOTH in Delaware (p. 207), A LEAFHOPPER in Oregon (p. 208), HOLLYHOCK WEEVIL in Montana (p. 212), and PHLOX PLANT BUG in Nebraska (p. 214). For new county and island records see page 211. Some First Occurrences of Season MOLE CRICKETS in Florida; ALFALFA WEEVIL adults in Oregon and eggs and larvae in Illinois; GREEN CLOVERWORM and TWO-SPOTTED LADY BEETLE in Alabama; PEAR PSYLLA in Oregon; AMERICAN DOG TICK nymphs in Maryland; ELM LEAF BEETLE adults in Arizona and Oregon. Special Reports Beet Leafhopper Survey in Texas-1968. (p. 205). Summary of Insect Conditions in the United States-1967 Ornamentals (pp. 212-215). Man and Animals (pp. 215-224). Households and Structures (pp. 224-226). Stored Products (p. 227) Beneficial Insects (pp. 228-230). Reports in this issue are for week ending March 15 unless otherwise indicated. = 203) — = 204 - CONTENTS Special Insects of Regional Significance..................... Goudo ooo Goo GC aO6S 205 Insects Affecting Smale GraninSrernerielckonenketoleken-nokencae 56060 0s Other Trop. & Subtrop. Fruits.....207 Turf, Pastures, ao es oo0 6000 6S Ornamentals.......... choke iovelelcchenoneneee Olt Forage Legumes. 50000 S000 0600 --206 Forest and Shade Trees............208 (CuaUEinitSessoecc PRE OUR RIO G7 Mantan'diAintim all’siivereielcnolaveholeneneicnenenonenener es General Vegetables. 60000 500000 a0 oct Households and Structures.........209 Deciduous Fruits and UCBs do oe 50000 207 Benetraedadl TnSSGitSleye cee cele) eielie ere OOODDD OOOO GOUDOU OOOO ODOD DOO OD DODD ONDDDDOOO ODDO Oc OME) Federal and State Plant Protection Programs......... 5000cC000d 00000 AbDO0D00d0 06 oA) (COMRECEMOMS Go 00 GC OGbaO CU OOODCOODUDOUOD OO DOOD OO DO OOODDDDOOOODODDOOK OOOO Abad ococo oc Light Trap GoUICeMORGs soc elolelleelieielevelehoNclolohioheloheliclisiell Neleheietolicleloteholcelcleielelelicielcreineneven neneaenet a oLU) HEV ala IMSS TYCOON 5G D000 OU COC OOOO OUD O ODD OU DOO OUND ODD OOD DOG6000000000000000 002) TNS WEGAGBIOMG oo 6500000 C0D DODD ODDO DDDDODODODD OOD OU CRDOODDODOODOODDD ODO GD OOC Om Summary of Insect Conditions in the U.S. - 1967 OnnaMmenaHl’Sierererevelellchovetolencloheheleneloielel slellsneleloholcleleledelovenslovehonslicletelelelclonelehercveleici oleh el tel ol Retenemercr ec NAA AiMGl JANIS > po 00c 0000 CO OO ODO ODOODIDODODDCOCOODDODODOOOOOODOOOCO HOON aievoneielonereyio HousechowldstanGde Siu Ci CUGSS eujetelekele) "Coops Sur.) WINTER GRAIN MITE (Penthaleus major) - OKLAHOMA - Light to medium in many wheat fields over western half of State. (killa. (Coop. (sur). TURF, PASTURES, RANGELAND TOBACCO THRIPS (Frankliniella fusca) - ALABAMA - Adults of this and other thrips light to moderate on Johnson and fescue grasses in central and southern areas; less extensive in northern area. (McQueen) . A BILLBUG (Sphenophorus phoeniciensis) - ARIZONA - Heavy at turf farm in Salt River Valley, Maricopa County. Qrizs Coops Surs)!> = 2709) = FORAGE LEGUMES ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - MARYLAND - Adult activity increasing in all sections; first and second instars infested 40-80 percent of alfalfa in Dorchester and Talbot Counties. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). VIRGINIA - First to third instars infested all tips examined in small plot of alfalfa in Charlotte County and first instars infested 20 percent of tips examined in Montgomery County March 28; adults active but no larvae in Augusta County March 27. (Hendricks). Larvae light on Prince Edward County alfalfa. (Peery, Apr. 2). First and second instars medium in Hanover, Chesterfield, and Goochland Counties; some adults present. (Innes, Mar. 31). Infested one alfalfa tip in 25 on farms throughout Culpeper County. (Heltzel, Apr. 2). TENNESSEE - Larvae ranged 5-10 per square foot in alfalfa in Maury and Marshall Counties and 3-40 per sweep in Madison County. (Quillin). MISSISSIPPI - Mostly late instars per 40 stems on alfalfa in Pontotoc County averaged 64 on unflamed and 13 on flamed alfalfa. Pupation peak expected second week of April; adult emergence peak expected in late April. (Pitre). . ARKANSAS - Young larvae collected in Hempstead County; much feeding damage evident. (Barnes, Boyer). This is a new county record. (Boyer). Larvae present in alfalfa in Lee County. (Roberts). Survey negative in Washington County. (Offut). OHIO - Egg hatch begun and first instars observed in Lawrence and Ross Counties. (Flessel et al.). INDIANA - Larvae averaged over 4 per square foot in alfalfa samples collected March 18-19 in 6 southwest district counties. Currently averaged one first instar per terminal in 8-23 percent of alfalfa terminals checked in southern quarter of State; no feeding damage evident. Alfalfa 1-4 inches high. (Huber). ILLINOIS - No adults or larvae found in field in southern area where larvae averaged 94 per sweep in 1967; cool weather responsible for delay in appearance. (111. Ins. Rpt.). MISSOURI - Young larvae feeding on alfalfa in Pemiscot and Dunklin Counties. First and second instars ranged 3-11 per infested terminal; 8-26 percent of terminals damaged. (Munson). SOUTH DAKOTA - Total of 4 adults trapped on stickyboards in 2 fields near Spearfish, Lawrence County, March 21-30. (Jones, Walstrom). WASHINGTON - Adults and young larvae taken from alfalfa in Vancouver, Clark County. (Shanks, Mar. 29). EGYPTIAN ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera brunneipennis) - ARIZONA - Larvae averaged 80 per 100 sweeps in Maricopa County alfalfa; treatments continue in Yuma area, Yuma County | GAZ Cooper Sune. ALFALFA WEEVILS (Hypera spp.) - CALIFORNIA - Probably H. brunneipennis heavy in alfalfa plantings in Escondido, San Diego County, and medium on clover in Moorpark, Ventura County. Probably H. postica moderate on alfalfa in Fresno, Fresno County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). i CLOVER LEAF WEEVIL (Hypera punctata) - INDIANA - Larvae averaged over 2 per square foot in alfalfa samples collected March 18-19 in 6 southwest district counties. (Huber) . PEA APHID (Acyrthosiphon pisum) - MARYLAND - Averaged 4 per sweep on Dorchester County alfalfa. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). INDIANA - Survey negative on alfalfa in southern area. (Huber). WISCONSIN - Egg hatch began about March 30; first and second instars in 1.5-inch alfalfa. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). ARKANSAS - Increased to 50-100 per 100 sweeps in alfalfa in northwest area; some winged adults. (Boyer). OKLAHOMA - Activity increasing throughout State. Highest counts ranged 5-400 per square foot of crown area in scattered fields in low sheltered areas. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). ARIZONA - Counts per 100 sweeps by county: Yuma 1,200; Pinal and Maricopa 1,000. Heaviest in older alfalfa. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). NEVADA - Continues heavy in untreated fields in Pahrump Valley, Nye County; lighter in treated fields. Controls poor due to cool weather. = 308 = — 304 — CONTENTS Special Insects of Regional Significance........ clo do co OOo080 5 ODIO O.0 OID 6.0.00 60-0 305 Insects Affecting Corn, Sorghum, Sugarcane...........306 General Vegetables........ Sc00000 om) SymAIlIl Craw oooca00c000000 5000000008068 Deciduous Fruits and Nuts.........310 Turf, Pastures, Rangeland..... 60.010 cee Cilmi gqdadcccoo0d005 O00 d000 S5000000m I Forage LegumesS.........-.+e-- coo 900 0eWY Other Trop. & Subtrop. Fruits.....312 COELOMo 60.5060 po0D0 0000 O0bbDDO ODDO DO OaOY) Small Fruits. DODOODOO OOOO OOD OO OLe SugambectSmarcsiemetermerecmereneieneenelene 90000 0c) Ornanentalsen cess ke ls cere (ae eeeenon Potatoes, Tomatoes, Peppenct Sac owl) Foresitvand ShademTreesirc ctor srerslereroeee Beansmandl PealShyareetelene\eateieitel= an RESTO Man and Animals...... po0GODDO0000 ~314 CoMeRMCcropsricideletateetetelatovedcieneler reer oO Households and Seructumese Soac.o ae) CucurbastSrrercversne) ckenekelnerteieie po'0000.00600 310 SHeOrKsKel INOCWOCUS cb o5c00dDo000000000 gcsal's) lyeineresl@alel WNSOCuSooagdacooncb00cKdd oooo DoD OGD OOGUaOOUDOOOODOOD Ood0DdddD0dgO0DR OOS Federal and State Plant Protection IDIOTS. G6 6 ooo ad00000000 9000000000000 eielelerernetoehO Halwaticieplen se Citas GP Owicrom ey eden omlenatelletelcioleneloneMelMeneiehs ice oddaD0D00000 g000000000000 DO00000 316 UMGGOwW WSeeCuaOMG odooodoDUd DO OOdOOOOU Oddo Od O-O'0S OGeCdc0da0Gd00 GooDoDCODDD G00 9 oS 7 Corrections. DODD D DDD DOGO O00000 C000 00D000050 Go0DocCdaCU ODO OOUOODOOUDOOS Goo 00a? Light Trap COMLAS MONS 6 4 SO OOOO OU CDoODODOOODOOUGOOUDOdOCDO 906060 GoabDbDODOD OOO OST Report on Survival of Boll Weevil as Determined by Surface Trash Examinations during the Spring - 1968......... S0o00000N0S GdoDDDDO DODO UODOO 318 Periodical Cicadas - Outlook for May and Rane - 1968. .5-6'0 05040 O00000000 d000000 oO o@zdl WEATHER OF THE WEEK ENDING APRIL 15 HIGHLIGHTS: Heavy rains soaked portions of Texas and Louisiana. Summer temper- atures Occurred over portions of the Great Lakes region. Forest fire hazard increased in New York and New England, PRECIPITATION: Heavy thundershowers drenched the western and central Gulf States Monday and Tuesday and spread eastward to the Carolinas by Wednesday. More than 10 inches fell at Hemphill, Texas, in less than 48 hours, Beaumont received 7.23 inches in 12 hours, The heavy rains caused extensive flooding of roads, bridges, and lowlands in Texas and Louisiana. The weekly totals tapered to 0.5 to 1.5 inches in the Carolinas and to less than 0.5 inch in Florida, Light rains fell along the Washington and Oregon coast during the week followed by weekend snow in Washington which ranged up to 6 inches in the lowlands and to more than 6 inches in the mountains. Snow also fell Saturday in the northern and central Rocky Mountains, the Black Hills, and the northern Great Plains, Snowfall amounts ranged mostly from 1 to 4 inches but the melted water equivalent was generally less than 0.25 inch west of the Red River of the North and ranged from 0.25 to 0.50 inch east of that river. A large area from eastern Washington southward to southern California received no rain, Only light precipitation occurred over the Great Basin, the Rocky Mountains, and the western Great Plains as far south as the Texas Panhandle. Other areas with only light precipitation included the Northeast from New England to Virginia and the Florida Peninsula. The weekend brought beneficial thundershowers, but scattered hail, from Missouri to western Pennsylvania. Strong winds and lack of rain increased the forest fire hazard in New York and New England, Duststorms occurred on Thursday and Friday over portions of the central Great Plains where precipitation has been inadequate and soil moisture reserves have become depleted. Weather of the Week continued on page 316. = S05) = SPECIAL INSECTS OF REGIONAL SIGNIFICANCE ARMY CUTWORM (Chorizagrotis auxiliaris) - NEVADA - Larvae ranged 6-8 per square foot on alfalfa in Dry Valley, Lincoln County; damage heavy. No plants evident in infested area; alfalfa 2-3 inches high in uninfested areas. (Miller). Larvae heavy and migrating into apartments, homes, and industrial buildings on outskirts of Reno and Sparks area, Washoe County. (Gustafson, Ting). IDAHO - Controls applied to turnip seed field in Caldwell, Canyon County, March 20 (Bechtolt, Homan); infested garden in Boise, Ada County (Hilfiker). WYOMING - Larvae averaged 0-0.75 per square foot in alfalfa in Washakie and Fremont Counties; 0.75-1 inch of new growth apparent. (Burkhardt, Parshall). COLORADO - Larvae 0-2 per square foot in alfalfa 4-5 miles north of Windsor, Weld County. (Alldredge, Johnson) . Damaged winter wheat along field margins in Weld County. Ranged 0-2 per row foot 7 miles east of Fort Collins, 0-4 per foot 4 miles north of Milliken, and found in Mead, Johnstown, Ault, and Pierce areas of Weld County. Present in winter wheat in Larimer, Lincoln, and Boulder Counties. (Alldredge et al.). NEBRASKA - Less than 1 per square foot on alfalfa in Fillmore County; 6 per square foot in Scotts Bluff County field. (Hagen, Keith). Larvae light, less than 1 per linear foot, in wheat in Cheyenne, Kimball, and Fillmore Counties. (Keith). OKLAHOMA - Ranged 10-15 per square yard in alfalfa and wheat in scattered fields in Garfield, Major, Alfalfa, and Jackson Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). ARMYWORM (Pseudaletia unipuncta) - KANSAS - Adults taken in blacklight trap in Manhattan, Riley County, April 11. First collection of season. (Simpson). VIRGINIA - Single overwintering larva found under dead bark of dogwood tree in Fairfax County. (Hall, Allen, Mar. 31). ASTER LEAFHOPPER (Macrosteles fascifrons) - WISCONSIN - Survey negative in rye and grass fields in Trempealeau, La Crosse, Crawford, Rock, Vernon, Walworth, and Kenosha Counties. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). BEET LEAFHOPPER (Circulifer tenellus) - WYOMING - Averaged 0.35 per square foot on mostly kochia and mustards in 1,580 square-foot samples of weed hosts during survey of wasteland adjacent to sugarbeet-growing areas of WasShakie and other Big Horn Mountain counties, (Lowry et al.). CORN LEAF APHID (Rhopalosiphum maidis) - ARIZONA - Moderate on barley in Casa Grande area, Pinal County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). OKLAHOMA - Very light in barley in Garfield County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). i GREENBUG (Schizaphis graminum) - MISSISSIPPI - Adults and nymphs moderate, 10-15 per square foot, on oats in Oktibbeha and Attala Counties; winged adults present. (Dinkins). TEXAS - Medium on 4 to 8-inch wheat in Armstrong County; much control applied March 23-29. (Wheeler). Activity generally decreasing throughout State. (Boring). OKLAHOMA - Ranged 5-60 per linear foot in many wheat fields in central and north-central areas; up to 200 per linear foot in southwest area. Parasitism by a braconid (Lysiphlebus testaceipes) up to 75 percent in southwest; active in central and north-central areas. Okla. Coop. Sur.). KANSAS - Occasional aphid found on wheat in Clay, Cloud, Ottawa, Saline, McPherson, Marion, and Dickinson Counties. (Simpson). NEBRASKA - None found on wheat in Fillmore, Keith, Deuel, Cheyenne, and Kimball Counties; 16 caught in suction trap April 11 in Lincoln, Lancaster County. (Pruess, Keith). MISSOURI - Light, 0-25 per row foot, on wheat and barley in southwest area. (Munson). IOWA - Survey negative on wheat in southwest. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). POTATO PSYLLID (Paratrioza cockerelli) - NEVADA - Adults heavy on Tetradymia spinosa in Stillwater area, Churchill County; eggs numerous. (Bechtel, Horton). SPOTTED ALFALFA APHID (Therioaphis maculata) - NEW MEXICO - Mostly light in Chaves and Eddy County alfalfa; occasionally spotted and heavy. (Mathews). OKLAHOMA - Medium in alfalfa in Tillman County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). VIRGINIA - Adults and nymphs averaged 50 per 100 sweeps in 5-acre clover field in Carroll County. (Allen). = }0KS). CORN, SORGHUM, SUGARCANE EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) - NORTH DAKOTA - Overwintering larval mortality averaged 19 percent in 5 southeast and east-central counties compared with 21 percent in 1967. Mortality ranged 0-50 percent in untilled cornfields. Mortality lowest in Dickey and Ransom Counties, highest in Sargent and Richland Counties. Bird predation in some fields of all counties; bird-marked fields highest in Ransom County, lowest in Richland County. (Kaatz). BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) - ARIZONA - First instars light and feeding in boots of young sorghum in Glendale area, Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). DESERT CORN FLEA BEETLE (Chaetocnema ectypa) - ARIZONA - Adults active on young sheaths of milo on west side of Salt River Valley. Averaged 6 per plant in 10- acre field in Peoria area, Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). SUGARCANE BEETLE (Euetheola rugiceps) - ALABAMA - Many hibernating adults emerged throughout Mobile County; most evident around lights. (Seibels). MAIZE BILLBUG (Sphenophorus maidis) - ALABAMA - Up to 10 adults per clump feeding in large field of 6 to 8-inch volunteer corn; about 5 volunteer clumps per 100 square feet. Volunteer clumps common in southern area. (McQueen). SMALL GRAINS ENGLISH GRAIN APHID (Macrosiphum avenae) - KANSAS - Winged females ranged 25-50 per 10 sweeps in wheat in Riley, Clay, Cloud, Ottawa, Lincoln, Russell, Osborne, Rooks, Saline, McPherson, Marion, and Dickinson Counties. (Simpson, Somsen). OKLAHOMA - Light in many north-central area wheat fields. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). ARIZONA - Barley treated in Gadsden area, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). APPLE GRAIN APHID (Rhopalosiphum fitchii) - MINNESOTA - Collected for first time this season in trap March 29-April I at St. Paul, Ramsey County. This is earliest trapping date for species in State. (Flaskerd). OKLAHOMA - Ranged 5-25 per linear foot in wheat in central, north-central, and east-central areas; 300 per linear foot in Tillman County field. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). HESSIAN FLY (Mayetiola destructor) - KANSAS - Eggs ranged 0-3 per plant in Dickinson, Ottawa, Lincoln, Russell, Osborne, Rooks, Ellis, and Ellsworth Counties; no hatch. All eggs in very poor condition. (Somsen). TARNISHED PLANT BUG (Lygus lineolaris) - OHIO - Adults emerged from hibernation on wheat in southern counties. (Rose). CUTWORMS - UTAH - Problem serious in large areas of small grains in Millard County. (Knowlton et al., Apr. 2). NEBRASKA - Agrotis orthogonia economic in wheat in Perkins, Chase, and Dundy Counties; absent in Keith, Deuel, Cheyenne, and Kimball Counties. (Keith). BROWN WHEAT MITE (Petrobia latens) - KANSAS - Ranged 10-50 per row foot (little damage) in river bottom fields and 200-500+ (much damage) in hillside and high- land fields in Rooks and Osborne Counties. Counts of trace to 500 per row foot (severe damage) in Ottawa County; trace (no damage) in Dickinson County. (Somsen). NEBRASKA - Ranged 0-50 per linear foot in Cheyenne and Kimball CountieS. (Keith). COLORADO - Abundant, 0-20 per leaf, in winter wheat east of Keenesburg, Weld County. (Alldredge, Johnson). WINTER GRAIN MITE (Penthaleus major) - OKLAHOMA - Heavy in isolated wheat fields in Kay County; light to medium in Kingfisher, Canadian, and Garfield Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). = 807% = TURF, PASTURES, RANGELAND LESSER CLOVER LEAF WEEVIL (Hypera nigrirostris) - NEVADA - Adults light in lawn in Fallon, Churchill County, for a new county record. (Bechtel, Horton). VARIEGATED CUTWORM (Peridroma saucia) - IOWA - First moths of 1968 collected April 9 in Story County. (Gunderson). A SOD WEBWORM (Crambus bonifatellus) - CALIFORNIA - Adults heavy in lawns in Buellton, Santa Barbara County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). FORAGE LEGUMES ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - MARYLAND - Larvae and adults absent from 6 to 10-inch alfalfa on 3 farms at Matthews, Talbot County. Adults averaged 10 per 100 sweeps on adjacent clover and vetch fields. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). VIRGINIA - Adults 5 and larvae 60 per 100 sweeps in Pulaski County; 50 percent of alfalfa tips infested. (Allen). Larvae ranged 3-5 per tip in Charlotte Courthouse, Charlotte County. (Hendrick). SOUTH CAROLINA - Damage evident on alfalfa in Pendleton area, Anderson County. (Nettles et al., Apr. 2). ALABAMA - Larvae heavy on Regal clover in Bullock County field. Feeding and ragging of leaves heavy in 75-acre field in Shelby County; grower expects to apply controls immediately. Larvae and adults throughout southern and central areas on vetch, crimson clover, and other clovers; permanent damage doubtful. (Andrews et al.). ARKANSAS - Larvae less than 1 per square foot on alfalfa in Fulton, Sharp, and Independence Counties; much higher in extreme northeast. (Roberts). Average counts per 10-sweep sample of alfalfa in southern Mississippi County: Larvae 58 in fall-planted (1967) unflamed and 13 in 2-year-old flamed; 52 in old, flamed and 232 in old, unflamed alfalfa. (Siler). Extremely low in Washington County even though species found 2 years ago. Survey negative in 6 Washington County fields April 12; increasing slowly in north-central area. (Boyer). MISSOURI - First and second instars ranged 0-30 per 100 sweeps in southwest area; very few adults. (Munson). OHIO - Larval development slow in southern area. Stem infestations ranged 0-2 per 10- stem sample in alfalfa in Pickaway, Ross, and Warren Counties; 3 larvae per stem maximum. Mostly first instars present. Alfalfa growth ranged 3-8 inches (average 5) in these districts. (Rose). INDIANA - First and second instars ranged 10-114 per square foot in 7 southern counties; very little damage. (Huber) . ILLINOIS - Larvae less numerous than at same time in 1967; one per sweep in several southeastern area fields. Pupation expected in 2-3 weeks. (White). WISCONSIN - First instar, probably this species, on 2-inch Kenosha County alfalfa. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). WYOMING - Adults 0-2 per square foot in 10 alfalfa fields in Washakie and Fremont Counties. (Burkhardt, Parshall). NEW MEXICO - Larvae O-1 per 25 sweeps in alfalfa in Bernalillo County; one adult collected. (Heninger) NEVADA - Adults mating and laying eggs in Fallon and Stillwater area, Churchill County, and Mason and Smith Valleys, Lyon County; eggs light and spotted. (Bechtel, Horton). WASHINGTON - All stages recovered at Ellensburg, Kittitas ” County, where infestation occurred in 1967. Little injury to alfalfa; heavy damage expected. (Klostermeyer). EGYPTIAN ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera brunneipennis) - ARIZONA - Decreased to 40 per 100 sweeps in Yuma County and 20 per 100 Sweeps in Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. SUD he CLOVER HEAD WEEVIL (Hypera meles) - ALABAMA - Larvae light to medium on spike heads of crimson clover in Several large Autauga County fields. Control efforts expected within 5-10 days since several thousand acres in Autauga and adjoining counties grown for seed. Some pupae observed on older seed heads. (Scott et al.). MARYLAND - Adults, 5-8 per 100 sweeps, in clover and vetch field at Matthews, Talbot County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). CLOVER LEAF WEEVIL (Hypera punctata) - MISSOURI - Ranged 0-25 per square foot in alfalfa in southwest area; 50+ percent of larvae with fungus disease. (Munson). — 308 = VEGETABLE WEEVIL (Listroderes costirostris obliquus) - ALABAMA - Adults heavy on crimson clover in Henry and Covington Counties. (Stephenson et Ful) « BEAN LEAF BEETLE (Cerotoma trifurcata) - ALABAMA - Many adults swept from crimson clover in Henry, Covington, and Monroe Counties. (Gamble et al.). OKLAHOMA - Averaged 2 per 10 sweeps in alfalfa in Wagoner and Muskogee Counties. (Okla. Coops Sur). CORN FLEA BEETLE (Chaetocnema pulicaria) - ILLINOIS - Averaged less than 10 per 100 sweeps in ditch bank of alfalfa and grasses April 4. (111. Ins. Rpt.). PEA APHID (Acyrthosiphon pisum) - VIRGINIA - Averaged 4 per 100 sweeps in 5-acre clover field in Carroll County. (Allen). INDIANA - Trace on alfalfa in southern third of State. First occurrence of season. (Huber). WISCONSIN - Mostly second instars averaged less than 1 per 20 sweeps in Trempealeau, La Crosse, and Crawford Counties. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MISSOURI - Ranged 50-1,240 per sweep on alfalfa and red clover in southwest area; heaviest in alfalfa. (Munson). KANSAS - Ranged 2,000-3,500 per 10 sweeps in many alfalfa fields in Saline and McPherson Counties; damage severe. Ranged 100-250 per 10 sweeps in Riley, Clay, and Ottawa Counties; damage light to moderate. Light, 5-25 per 10 sweeps , in Pottawatomie, Jackson, Brown, and Nemaha Counties. (Simpson). ARKANSAS - Light on north-central area alfalfa. (Roberts). Ranged 100-200 per 100 sweeps in Washington County; 5 per- cent winged and 20 percent parasitized. (Boyer). OKLAHOMA - Ranged 40-200 per 10 sweeps in alfalfa in central, north-central, and southwest areas; predators increasing. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). NEW MEXICO - Mostly light throughout State. (N.M. Coop. Rpt.). ARIZONA - Declined at Yuma, averaged 500 per 100 sweeps; 800 per 100 sweeps in Pinal County. Increased to 1,500 per 100 sweeps in Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). NEVADA - Light on alfalfa in Moapa Valley, Clark County (Johnson) and in Churchill County (Bechtel, Horton). WASHINGTON - All stages ranged 25-30 (up to 80) per 100 sweeps on alfalfa at Walla Walla area east of Umapine, Walla Walla County; 40 percent alates. (Featherston). MEADOW SPITTLEBUG (Philaenus spumarius) - VIRGINIA - Newly hatched nymphs infested 30 percent of alfalfa tips in 60-acre field in Pulaski County; no adults found. (Allen). Nymphs in alfalfa at Charlotte Courthouse, Charlotte County; feeding on musk thistle in Pulaski County. (Hendrick). OHIO - Egg hatch in southern and some more northern areas; first instars light in alfalfa in Harrison, Pickaway, Ross, and Warren Counties. (Flessel, Rose). INDIANA - First instars trace; first of season in southern third of State. (Huber). THREE-CORNERED ALFALFA HOPPER (Spissistilus festinus) - NEW MEXICO - Adults 1-6 per 25 sweeps in Chaves and Eddy County alfalfa. (Mathews). ALFALFA CATERPILLAR (Colias eurytheme) - ARIZONA - Larvae light on alfalfa in Salt River Vailey, Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). NEW MEXICO - Adults abundant in Bernalillo County alfalfa (Heninger); larvae 0-3 per 25 sweeps in Chaves and Eddy Counties (Mathews). KANSAS - Ranged 1-3 per 10 sweeps in alfalfa in Riley, Pottawatomie, Jackson, Brown, and Nemaha Counties. (Simpson). ARKANSAS - Very light in northwest area; occasional larva collected in 6 alfalfa fields. (Boyer). CUTWORMS - UTAH - Problem serious in large areas of alfalfa in Millard County. (Knowlton et al., Apr. 2). NEW MEXICO - Heavy and spotted in some alfalfa in Artesia area, Eddy County; few fields sprayed. (Campbell). GREEN CLOVERWORM (Plathypena scabra) - OKLAHOMA - Light, less than 4 per 10 sweeps, in alfalfa in Tulsa, Wagoner, and Muskogee Counties. -(Okla. Coop. Sur.). BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) - ARIZONA - Averaged 20 per 100 sweeps on alfalfa in Salt River Valley, Maricopa County; 60 per 100 sweeps in field at Yuma, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). NEVADA - Light on alfalfa in Moapa Valley, Clark County. (Johnson). = 309) — LYGUS BUGS (Lygus spp.) - VIRGINIA - Adults averaged 5 per 100 sweeps in 5 acres of clover in Carroll County and in 10 acres of newly planted alfalfa in Floyd County. (Allen). NEW MEXICO - Adults 1-4 per 25 sweeps in Bernalillo County al- falfa. (Heninger). ARIZONA - Mostly adults on alfalfa; 80, 50, and 100 per 100 sweeps, respectively, in Yuma, Pinal, and Maricopa Counties. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). WYOMING - Adults averaged 0-2 per square foot in Washakie and Fremont Counties. (Burkhardt, Parshall). COLORADO - L. hesperus adults 0-2 per square foot in alfalfa east of Loveland, Larimer County. (Alldredge, Johnson). TARNISHED PLANT BUG (Lygus lineolaris) - MARYLAND - Ranged 100-150 per 100 sweeps in clover and vetch mixture on farm at Matthew, Talbot County. QU Made Ent. Dept.). OHIO - Adult emergence from hibernation on forage crops in southern counties. (Rose). ALABAMA - Adults and nearly full-grown nymphs heavy, 5-15 per sweep, on all crimson clover throughout central and southern areas. Heavy migrations expected as clover matures and dies. (McQueen). OKLAHOMA - Ranged 2-5 per 10 sweeps in alfalfa in Payne, Tulsa, Wagoner, and Muskogee Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). BROWN STINK BUG (Euschistus servus) - ALABAMA - Overwintered adults of this species and Nezara viridula emerged in much of southern area. Heavy, up to 3 per sweep common On maturing seed heads of crimson clover in isolated locations; no eggs or nymphs. (McQueen). WESTERN FLOWER THRIPS (Frankliniella occidentalis) - ARIZONA - Heavy increases on alfalfa in Goodyear to Buckeye area; 2,000 per 100 sweeps in some Maricopa County fields. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). CLOVER MITE (Bryobia praetiosa) - ALABAMA - More widespread and heavier on crimson clover in southern area than in most years. Scattered and medium in 10- acre field in Clarke County; leaves and stems appear badly stung and many leaves turning white from excessive freckling. (Helms et al.). COTTON BOLL WEEVIL (Anthonomus grandis) - ALABAMA - Field surveys on 28 farms in Henry, Covington, Monroe, Dallas, Shelby, and Autauga Counties negative for emergence of hibernating adults. Only 7 farms with cotton that had emerged. (Pike et fauliep) ire APHIDS - ARIZONA - Light on underside of new leaves in most untreated fields in Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). ALABAMA - Aphis gossypii alates with 2-10 young on some plants in 3 fields in Henry and Covington Counties. (McQueen) . A LEAF ROLLER MOTH (Platynota stultana) - ARIZONA - First instars heavy along ends of 20-acre field of newly emerged plants at Sun City and Bell Road area, Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). TOBACCO THRIPS (Frankliniella fusca) - ALABAMA - Alates of this and other species light on young cotton in Several fields in Henry, Covington, and Monroe Counties; migrated from various plants on field borders and from young Johnson grass clumps in fields. (McQueen). SUGARBEETS SUGAR-BEET ROOT MAGGOT (Tetanops myopaeformis) -— COLORADO - Larvae 0-10 per square foot in old beet fields in Weld County. (Alldredge, Johnson). SEED-CORN BEETLE (Agonoderus lecontei) - COLORADO - Adults O-5 per square yard in soil in sugarbeet fields in Weld County; many in flight. (Alldredge, Johnson). 3 hOR— POTATOES, TOMATOES, PEPPERS POTATO APHID (Macrosiphum euphorbiae) - FLORIDA - Nymphs and mostly alates very light generally on young tomatoes in Marion County in late March and early April; one moderate infestation required controls. (Graham, Condo). GREEN PEACH APHID (Myzus persicae) - ARIZONA - Moderate to heavy on potato vines in Surprise area, Maricopa County. (riz. Coop, Sur.)). BEANS AND PEAS BEAN LEAF BEETLE (Cerotoma trifurcata) - ALABAMA - Overwintering adults heavy and migrating to 2 and 3-leaf stage beans in central and southern areas; many holes in leaves and damage heavy to stems at and below ground line on 75 percent of young beans in Monroe County home garden. (Gamble et al.). COLE CROPS VEGETABLE WEEVIL (Listroderes costirostris obliquus) - ALABAMA - Heavy localized population destroyed turnips in garden at Florala, Covington County; adults continue heavy. (Stephenson et al.). CUCURBITS MELON APHID (Aphis gossypii) - ARIZONA - Young colonies becoming established on melons at Yuma, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). SPIDER MITES (Tetranychus spp.) - ARIZONA - Portion of cantaloup field required treatment at Yuma, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). GENERAL VEGETABLES BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera cee) - ARIZONA - Heavy in lettuce at Yuma, Yuma CountyeAy aGAri2;, a CoopmESsur. ONION THRIPS (Thrips tabaci) - ARIZONA - Adults abundant on onions in Luke Air Force Base area, Maricopa County. (CAvize. Coop.e SUL kr. PACIFIC COAST WIREWORM (Limonius canus) - WASHINGTON - Adults observed on warm, still afternoons in Walla Walla, Pasco, and Quincy April 1-5. (Onsager). GREEN PEACH APHID (Myzus ‘eeee es - OKLAHOMA - Heavy on spinach in Tulsa County; parasites active. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). DECIDUOUS FRUITS AND NUTS EASTERN TENT CATERPILLAR (Malacosoma americanum) - TEXAS - Present on Brazos County peach and plum trees. (Randolph, Apr. 5). SOUTH CAROLINA - Light in peach and apple orchards. (Nettles et al., Apr. 9). INDIANA - Hatching and feeding in progress in Vincennes area. (Dolphin, Apr. 8). OHIO - Hatching since April 1 in southern area; young larvae on apple, flowering crab apple, wild cherry, and quince in Fayette, Washington, Hamilton, Butler, Adams, Warren, Clermont, and Clinton Counties. (Wheeler et al.). Larvae up to 0.25 inch- long in Adams County. (Rose). RED-BANDED LEAF ROLLER (Argyrotaenia velutinana) - INDIANA - Total of 212 males collected April 2-8 compared with 1,248 taken previous week in Vincennes area; - 311 = unfavorable weather responsible for decrease. (Dolphin). MARYLAND - Overwinter- ing eggs light on apple at Hancock, Washington County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). PLUM CURCULIO (Conotrachelus nenuphar) - ALABAMA - Egg laying heavy on plums in central and southern areas; several adults collected. Egg laying punctured over half of small plums examined on many wild trees; many plums in commercial orchard damaged despite sprays in Autauga County. (Scott et al.). TEXAS - Present on Brazos County peach and plum trees. (Randolph, Apr. 5). PEACH TREE BORER (Sanninoidea exitiosa) - ALABAMA - Damage serious due to excessive girdling below ground line in 6-acre commercial peach orchard in Autauga County; 5 percent of trees dying. Few larvae remain following recommended treatments; much sap and decaying wood on most trees. Some adults emerged in area. (Scott et al.). APHIDS — WISCONSIN - Rhopalosiphum fitchii hatch on Prunus spp. increased; averaged 5 per bud in western Dane County. Some nymphs nearly grown; no new colonies evident. (Wis. Ins. Sur.).- MARYLAND - Dysaphis plantaginea hatch began April 2. Increasing in unsprayed apple orchards at Hancock, Washington County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). ARMORED SCALES - CALIFORNIA - Epidiaspis leperii medium in 10-acre pear orchard at Napa, Napa County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). TEXAS - Aspidiotus perniciosus present on Brazos County peach and plum trees. (Randolph, Apr. 5). ALABAMA - Pseudaula- caspis pentagona light in 6-acre commercial peach orchard in Autauga County; orchard receives 2 treatments each winter. (Scott et al.). PEAR PSYLLA (Psylla pyricola) - MICHIGAN - Egg laying April 2 on pear twigs at Fennville, Allegan County. (Janes). LYGUS BUGS (Lygus spp.) - UTAH - Active in apple orchards at Providence, Cache County. (Knowlton, Apr. 2). INDIANA - L. lineolaris adults attracted to developing peach buds in Vincennes area. (Dolphin, Apr. 8). PHYCITID MOTHS (Acrobasis spp.) - FLORIDA - A. juglandis and A. caryae first found feeding March 20 on pecan trees at Monticello, Jefferson County. A caryae very heavy in some groves March 31. Det. by W.H. Whitcomb. (Whitcomb). HICKORY SHUCKWORM (Laspeyresia caryana) - FLORIDA - Emergence very heavy; near peak in hibernation cages at Monticello, Jefferson County. (Whitcomb, Mar. 3). CITRUS CITRUS THRIPS (Scirtothrips citri) - CALIFORNIA - Medium at Seeley, Imperial County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). ARIZONA = Moderate on most home citrus plantings. Commercial groves receiving prebloom application relatively free. Light in Lehi and Chandler Heights area; bloom in progress. Many groves may need 2 treatments due to uneven and prolonged bloom in Maricopa County; treatments continue in Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). WESTERN FLOWER THRIPS (Frankliniella occidentalis) - ARIZONA - Moderate to heavy on most trees in Salt River Valley, Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). CALIFORNIA - Medium on citrus at Seeley, Imperial County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). CITRICOLA SCALE (Coccus pseudomagnoliarum) - ARIZONA - Heavy in Litchfield Park area, Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). AN ARMORED SCALE (Unaspis citri) - FLORIDA - All stages severe on 9,000 of 90,000 citrus plants in nursery at Plymouth, Orange County. (Van Pelt et al., Apr. 2). COWPEA APHID (Aphis craccivora) - ARIZONA - Problem continues at Yuma, Yuma County (Ariz. Coop. Sur.) SL FORK-TAILED BUSH KATYDID (Scudderia furcata) - ARIZONA - Becoming problem in Chandler Heights and East Mesa areas of Maricopa County; many growers plan dual purpose program to control thrips and katydids. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). CITRUS RED MITE (Panonychus citri) - ARIZONA - Treatments continue at Yuma; nearly all lemons infested in Yuna County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). OTHER TROP. & SUBTROP. FRUITS OLIVE SCALE (Parlatoria oleae) - CALIFORNIA - Medium on loquat trees at Gridley, Butte County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). SMALL FRUITS RASPBERRY SAWFLY (Monophadnoides geniculatus) - CALIFORNIA - Larvae medium on blackberry bushes at El Modena, Orange County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). A LEAFHOPPER (Erythroneura sp.) - ARIZONA - Appearing on young grape leaves on Yuma Mesa, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). ORNAMENTALS ARMORED SCALES - CALIFORNIA - Aspidiotus perniciosus heavy on flowering plum and crab apple nursery stock at Rancho Santa Fe, San Diego County. Epidiaspis leperii medium on flowering peach in Capitol Park at Sacramento, Sacramento County. Infestations have increased during past 12 months. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). SOUTH CAROLINA - Fiorinia theae probably most numerous pest on camellias in State; very prevalent on Burford holly in some areas. (Nettles et al., Apr. 3). A PIT SCALE (Cerococcus kalmiae) - OHIO - Heavy on some azalea bushes in Lake County September 1967. Det. by R.F. Wilkey. This is a new State record. (Walker). AN APHID (Aphis coreopsidis) - MARYLAND - Collected on privet at Chevy Chase, Montgomery County, June 8, 1966, by C.W, McComb. Det. by L.M. Russell. This is a new county record. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). BOXWOOD LEAF MINER (Monarthropalpus buxi) - VIRGINIA - Larval damage heavy to American boxwood in Fairfax County; leaves poorly developed. (Fletcher, Allen, Mar. 23). TENNESSEE - Larvae, pupae, and adults on boxwood in Knox County; 1-2 per leaf on most leaves. (Quillin). SPRUCE SPIDER MITE (Oligonychus ununguis) - ARIZONA - Heavy April 5 on Italian cypress, juniper, and arborvitae at Tucson, Pima County. (Wene). FOREST AND SHADE TREES NANTUCKET PINE TIP MOTH (Rhyacionia frustrana) - OKLAHOMA - Adults active on pines in Wagoner and Garvin Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). ARKANSAS - Adult emergence complete in southern area. (Warren). KANSAS - Adults about 90 percent emerged from overwintering pupae in Virginia and Scotch pines at Mound Valley; some pupal mortality. (Thompson). PINE WEBWORM (Tetralopha robustella) ~- TENNESSEE - Overwintering pupae in Polk County soil. (Quillin). SOUTHERN PINE BEETLE (Dendroctonus frontalis) - TENNESSEE - Overwintering brood in loblolly and shortleaf pines; brood density and ratios of increase high in Anderson and Morgan Counties. (Quillin). S als) o BLACK TURPENTINE BEETLE (Dendroctonus terebrans) - ALABAMA - Large increase in adult and larval feeding in injured pine trees. Over 15 adults removed from recently cut pine stump at home site in Auburn. Larvae active in several pines infested in 1967. (McQueen). PALES WEEVIL (Hylobius pales) - OHIO - Adults common near Scotch pine stumps in Scioto County; Some females with eggs. (Campbell). SMALLER EUROPEAN ELM BARK BEETLE (Scolytus multistriatus) - WISCONSIN - High mortality in dead elm logs near Mazomanie, Dane County. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). A CONIFER APHID (Cinara carolina) - MARYLAND - Collected on Virginia pine at Harmans, Anne Arundel County, June 12, 1967, by C.W. McComb. Det. by L.M. Russell. This is a new State record. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). APHIDS - OHIO - First instars of Eulachnus agilis present, aphids heavy on Scotch pine in plantation in Lake County; numerous on Some Scotch pine in Coshocton County. Cinara pini common on Coshocton County Scotch pine. (Campbell). WASHINGTON - C. curvipes severe on 12-13 percent of firs on Christmas tree plantations in Clark County. (Shanks, Apr. 5). PINE NEEDLE SCALE (Phenacaspis pinifoliae) - WASHINGTON - Viable eggs heavy under old scales on ponderosa pine in Kamiak Butte State Park, Whitman County. (Soo Hoo, Apr. 5). A PSYLLID (Trioza tripunctata) - OHIO - Very common on 2 Scotch pine plantations in Scioto and Coshocton Counties; decreasing in Coshocton County. (Campbell). PINE SAWFLIES (Neodiprion spp.) - OHIO - N. sertifer hatch begun in Hamilton County; first instars light and feeding on Scotch pine needles. (Rose). ARKANSAS - First to fourth instars, mostly second and third, of N. taedae linearis in south-central area; feeding not heavy. (Warren). Be aL tern A SPIDER MITE (Oligonychus subhudus) - CALIFORNIA - Heavy, damaged pine nursery stock at San Diego, San Diego County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). EASTERN TENT CATERPILLAR (Malacosoma americanum) - ARKANSAS - Very light in south- west area. (Warren). TENNESSEE - Hatch in progress; early instars in small tents on wild cherry in Knox and Blount Counties. (Quillin). SOUTH CAROLINA - Heavy on wild cherry in State. (Nettles et al., Apr. 9). VIRGINIA - Larvae from 3 tents fed extensively on Photinia serrulata at Richmond; unusual host, Very heavy throughout Bedford County; moderate to heavy on wild cherry statewide. (Weidhaas). Tents and larvae on wild cherry in James City and York Counties. (Tate, Apr. 1). Tents 1-2 (average 2) per wild cherry tree at Hampton. (Williams et al., Apr. 5). Mostly on wild cherry and abandoned apple trees in Pulaski, Smyth, Carroll, and Floyd Counties; tents 1-6 per tree. (Allen). INDIANA - Hatch begun April 2-3 in southern quarter of State and April 5 in Johnson County area, central district; egg masses averaged 5 per tree on wild cherry and peach, (Cummings, Huber). WISCONSIN - Egg hatch begun on chokecherry near Janesville April 11; some larval webbing and feeding on opening buds. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). FRUIT-TREE LEAF ROLLER (Archips argyrospilus) - CALIFORNIA - Larvae heavy on oaks in Sacramento County; damage severe to new foliage. This is second year of heavy infestations. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). ELM LEAF BEETLE (Pyrrhalta luteola) - IOWA - Adults active in homes in Sioux City, Woodbury County, and at Corydon, Wayne County. Wayne County is a new county record. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). COLORADO - Adults active in many areas of State. (Hantsbarger). ARIZONA - First instars and numerous egg masses on Chinese elm at Coolidge, Pinal County, April 3 and at Tucson, Pima County April 5. (Wene). — 3114) — A LEAF-MINING WEEVIL (Odontopus calceatus) - TENNESSEE - Feeding and egg laying begun on yellow-poplar in Anderson County. (Quillin). AN APHID (Myzocallis castaneae) - MARYLAND - Collected on chestnut at Glen Burnie, Anne Arundel County, June 14, 1967, by C.W. McComb. Det. by L.M. Russell. This is a new State record. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). AN APHID (Aphis coreopsidis) - MARYLAND - Collected on blackgum at Severna Park, Anne Arundel County, June 12, 1967, by C.W. McComb. Det. by L.M. Russell. This is a new county record. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). AN APHID (Euceraphis punctipennis) - MARYLAND - Collected on birch at Clarksville, Howard County, November 7, 1967, by C.W. McComb. Det. by L.M. Russell. This is a new county record. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). WALNUT SCALE (Aspidiotus juglansregiae) - CALIFORNIA - Heavy on birch nursery stock at Rancho Santa Fe, San Diego County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). A PIT SCALE (Asterolecanium minus) - CALIFORNIA - Medium on oaks in Capitol Park. at Sacramento, Sacramento County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). EUROPEAN ELM SCALE (Gossyparia spuria) - CALIFORNIA - Local infestations numerous on elm trees in northern area. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). A GALL WASP (Andricus parmula) - CALIFORNIA - Larvae and nymphs moderate on Engelmann oak at Descanso, San Diego County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). MAN AND ANIMALS MOSQUITOES - NEBRASKA - First appearance of season April 9 in wooded area near Lincoln, Lancaster County. (Raun). FLORIDA - First Mansonia perturbans of season at Gainesville, Alachua County; annoying fishermen at dusk, in Newnan Lake area (Mercer); becoming nuisance at Gainesville (Fla. Coop. Sur.). ARIZONA - Especially Culex tarsalis, carrier of encephalitis, annoying at Holbrook, Navajo County. Numerous at Safford area, Graham County. CArdIZ2 Ea CoopLassure. SCREW-WORM (Cochliomyia hominivorax) - Total of 6 cases reported in U.S. April 7-13 as follows: TEXAS - Hidalgo 1, Jim Hogg 1, La Salle 1, Live Oak 1, Zapata 1. CALIFORNIA - Imperial 1. Total of 125 cases reported in portion of Barrier Zone in Republic of Mexico as follows: Territorio sur de Baja California 51, Sonora 43, Coahuila 3, Nuevo Leon 5, Tamaulipas 23. Total of 16 cases reported in Mexico south of Barrier Zone. Barrier Zone is area where eradication operation underway to prevent establishment of self-sustaining population in U.S. Sterile screw-worm flies released: Texas 11,368,000; California 500,000; Mexico 71,820,000. (Anim. Health Div.). HORN FLY (Haematobia irritans) - OKLAHOMA - Increasing over most of State. (Okla. Coop. Sur.) MISSISSIPPI - Increasing rapidly, averaged 150-175 per head, in Oktibbeha County. (Dinkins). ALABAMA - Adults ranged up to 15 per animal on many beef and dairy animals throughout southern and central areas; emergence from manure piles. (McQueen). FACE FLY (Musca autumnalis) - WASHINGTON - Emerged from hibernation; becoming household pest April 8 at Prosser, Benton County. (Gerlitz). This is a new county record. (PPC). OHIO - Adults averaged 6 per face on 2 herds of Hereford and Angus cattle in Pike and Highland Counties. (Rose). STABLE FLY (Stomoxys calcitrans) - OKLAHOMA - Heavy, 15-20 per head, on Payne County cattle; light in Choctaw County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). COMMON CATTLE GRUB (Hypoderma lineatum) -— MISSISSIPPI - Emerged from backs of cattle in Yazoo County; very severe in some cases, many holes in hides. (Dinkins). OKLAHOMA —- Annoying Okmulgee County cattle. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). = O16) = A BITING MIDGE (Culicoides tissoti) - FLORIDA - Very abundant around lights and biting humans at Orange City, Volusia County. Det. by F.S. Blanton. (Hennickson, Mar. 22). Biting humans at western Gainesville, Alachua County. (Blanton). WESTERN BLOODSUCKING CONENOSE (Triatoma protracta) - ARIZONA - Annoying some homeowners in Kirkland area, Yavapai County. @riz. Coop. Sur.). NORTHERN FOWL MITE (Ornithonyssus sylviarum) - SOUTH CAROLINA - This species and chicken lice on flocks of laying hens in Anderson County. (Nettles et al., Apr. 3). HARD-BACKED TICKS - IDAHO - Dermacentor andersoni nymphs and adults evident on cattle at Ashton, Fremont County. (Henry, Apr. 5). OKLAHOMA - D. variabilis increasing on Payne County dogs; annoying in recreation areas. Amblyomma americanum increasing on cattle and deer in Cherokee County; annoying in recreation areas. (RIA COM> SwEe>s)) o HOUSEHOLDS AND STRUCTURES SUBTERRANEAN TERMITES (Reticulitermes spp.) - MISSISSIPPI - Swarming in Montgomery and Oktibbeha Counties April 2. (Dinkins). OHIO - R. flavipes swarming in central area. (Spilker et al.). NEW YORK - First R. flavipes swarms in New York City February 22. Swarms increased in various parts of city since that date. (Al- Hafidh). STORED PRODUCTS COWPEA WEEVIL (Callosobruchus maculatus) - SOUTH CAROLINA - Collected in large soybean bin (315,000 bushels) at Allendale, Allendale County. Det. by J.M. Kingsolver. This is first definite record of bruchid damage on stored soybeans. (Nettles et al., Apr. 9). BENEFICIAL INSECTS LADY BEETLES - ARIZONA - Hippodamia convergens per 100 sweeps: 30 on safflower and 50 on alfalfa in Maricopa County; 40 in Pinal County; 60 on barley in Pinal County. Adults and larvae equally numerous. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). ARKANSAS = H. convergens ranged 8-10 per 100 sweeps in Washington County alfalfa field; occasionally found in other fields. (Boyer). ALABAMA - Chilocorus stigma heavy and feeding on aphids and other pests on ornamentals in Tuscaloosa County and throughout southern area. (Pigott). GREEN LACEWINGS (Chrysopa spp.) - ARIZONA - Averaged 30 per 100 sweeps in Maricopa , and Pinal County alfalfa; built up in Yuma citrus groves. Buildup moderate in Salt River Valley citrus groves of Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). ARKANSAS - Adults increasing, 10-15 per 100 sweeps, on alfalfa; no larvae. (Boyer). HETEROPTEROUS PREDATORS - ARKANSAS - First Geocoris punctipes adult of season collected April 12. (Boyer). NEW MEXICO - Damsel bug adults 3-8 per 25 sweeps on Chaves and Eddy County alfalfa (Mathews); 1-3 per 25 sweeps in Bernalillo County. (Heninger). ARIZONA - Nabis ferus averaged 10 per 100 sweeps on alfalfa on west side of Phoenix, Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). HYMENOPTEROUS PARSITIES - ARKANSAS - Increasing, 40-50 per 100 sweeps, on north- west alfalfa; parasitized 20 percent of pea aphids. (Boyer). ARIZONA - Lysiphlebus testaceipes (abraconid) parasitized 50 percent of aphids in citrus groves in Salt River Valley, Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). WASHINGTON - Aphidius pulcher and A. smithi heavily parasitized pea aphid. Parasitized aphids averaged 12-20 per 100 sweeps; 100+ per 100 sweeps maximum on alfalfa in Walla Walla area east of Umapine, Walla Walla County. (Featherston) . - 316 - SYRPHID FLIES - ARIZONA - Larvae light in Maricopa County citrus groves. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). FEDERAL AND STATE PLANT PROTECTION PROGRAMS CITRUS WHITEFLY (Dialeurodes citri) - CALIFORNIA - First adult emergence of season at Tustin, Orange County, March 29. Eradication program discontinued by end of March due to extensive infestation at Sacramento, Sacramento County; San Diego, San Diego County; and Tustin, Orange County. Eradication work will continue at Fresno, Fresno County, and Bakersfield, Kern County, where treatments nearly complete. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). GRASSHOPPERS - NEBRASKA - Species of Pardalophora, Arphia, Psoloessa, and Eritettix active in pastures in southern panhandle. (Keith, Hagen). FLORIDA —- Overwintering Romalea microptera egg masses hatching at Gainesville, Alachua County, April 6. Det. by L.A. Hetrick. (Hetrick). PINK BOLLWORM (Pectinophora gossypiella) - ARIZONA - Moths continue to emerge from experimental cages placed over naturally infested cotton plots in Yuma and Maricopa Counties. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). HAWAII INSECT REPORT Fruits - Two more adults of a STINK BUG (Plautia stali) taken at light in Manoa, Honolulu, Oahu. Both bore eggs of a TACHINA FLY (Trichopoda pennipes). Turf, Pasture - Adults of a GRASS WEBWORM (Herpetogramma licarsisalis) light, larvae heavy, in pasture at Huleia, Kauai; chewed approximately 200 acres of Kikuyu grass to ground level. Larvae, pupae, and adults heavy on various lawn grasses at Hana, Maui; defoliation nearly 100 percent in some areas. Larvae, pupae, and adults heavy on Hilo grass in small paddock at Hakalau, Hawaii Island; as many aS 23 larvae and 10 pupae per square foot; grass chewed to ground level. Adults ranged 1-173 in 53 light traps on Oahu; high, 60 or more per trap, at Halawa, Ewa, Kailua, and some Honolulu areas. (Sugawa et al.). Vegetables - All stages of GREENHOUSE WHITEFLY (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) remain heavy on tomato and eggplant, increasing on cucumber and Snap beans at Waianae, Oahu; medium on cucumber and eggplant at Pearl City and Kahaluu; medium on snap beans at Waimanalo. (Yamamoto et al.). Man -— Adults of a SCIARID FLY (Sciara sp.) very heavy and annoying hotel guests at Kawaihae, Hawaii Island. Unusually heavy rains apparently responsible for "explosion."' (Yoshioka). Household and Structures - FORMOSAN SUBTERRANEAN TERMITE (Coptotermes formosanus) Swarms light at Waialua, Halawa, Pearl City, and Waipahu light traps on Oahu. (Higa). Weather of the Week continued from page 304. TEMPERATURE: Gradual warming occurred over the central and eastern portions of the United States during the week and by Friday afternoon temperatures in the 70's and 80's were common from New Mexico and Texas northeastward to the Great Lakes. The Gulf States continued above normal for the Second week and Minnesota for the seventh week, Cloudiness and precipitation kept temperatures within a few de- grees of normal from Texas to the Carolinas but Lower Michigan, nearby portions of neighboring States, most of New York, and the northern portions of Pennsylvania and New England averaged 10° to 13° above normal. California, Nevada, and most of Arizona averaged warmer than normal but the cool-weather trend continued in the Northwest from the Pacific Ocean to the Rocky Mountains and as far southward as Utah and western Colorado. Most of the western Great Plains averaged only a few degrees above normal, (Summary supplied by Environmental Data Service, ESSA.) = Bly = INSECT DETECTION New State Records A PIT SCALE (Cerococcus kalmiae) - OHIO - Heavy on some azalea in Lake County September 1967. Det. by R.F. Wilkey. (p. 312). A CONIFER APHID (Cinara carolina) - MARYLAND - Collected on Virginia pine at Har- mans, Anne Arundel County, June 12, 1967, by C.W. McComb, Det. by L.M. Russell. (p. 313). AN APHID (Myzocallis castaneae) - MARYLAND - Collected on chestnut at Glen Burnie, Anne Arundel County, June 14, 1967, by C.W. McComb. Det. by L.M, Russell. (p. 314). New County Records LESSER CLOVER LEAF WEEVIL (Hypera nigrirostris) - NEVADA - Churchill County. (p. 307). AN APHID (Aphis coreopsidis) - MARYLAND - Montgomery County. (p. 312). Anne Arundel County. (p. 314). ELM LEAF BEETLE (Pyrrhalta luteola) - IOWA - Wayne County. (p. 313). AN APHID (Euceraphis punctipennis) - MARYLAND - Howard County. (p. 314). FACE FLY (Musca autumnalis) - WASHINGTON - Benton County. (p. 314). LIGHT TRAP COLLECTIONS FLORIDA - Gainesville - 4/6-12, 2 BL - Armyworm (Pseudaletia unipuncta) 3, granulate cutworm (Feltia subterranea) 33, salt-marsh Caterpillar (EStigmene acrea) 3, tobacco budworm (Heliothis virescens) 1, variegated cutworm (Peridroma Saucia) 1. Monticello - 4/4-10, BL — Armyworm 72, black cutworm (Agrotis ipsi- Ion) 41, granulate cutworm 4, salt-marsh caterpillar 6, tobacco budworm 6, varie- gated cutworm 25, Sanford - 4/1-6, BL - Black cutworm 8, cabbage looper (Tricho- plusia ni) 10, fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) 2, granulate cutworm 36, tobacco budworm 1, yellow-striped armyworm (Prodenia ornithogalli) 4, KANSAS - Manhattan - 4/11 - BL - Black cutworm 4, variegated cutworm 12, MISSISSIPPI - Stoneville - 4/6-12, 2 BL, 34-77°F., precip. 3.83 - Armyworm 51, black cutworm 8, corn earworm (H, zea) 3, granulate cutworm 1, salt-marsh caterpillar 2, variegated cutworm 23, yellow-striped armyworm 4, TEXAS - Brownsville - 4/6-12, 2 BL, 52-84°F., precip. 0.98 - Armyworm 91, black cutworm 15, cabbage looper 6, corn earworm 7, granulate cutworm 12, salt-marsh caterpillar 61, tobacco budworm 6, tobacco hornworm (Manduca sexta) 2, tomato hornworm (M, quinquemaculata) 5, variegated cutworm 39, yellow-striped armyworm 24, Waco - 4/6-12, BL — Armyworm 83, beet armyworm (S. exigua) 9, black cutworm 8, cabbage looper 10, corn earworm 5, granulate cutworm 15, variegated cutworm 71, yellow-striped armyworm 1. CORRECTIONS CEIR 18(15):284 - Man and animals - A, vexans in second line should read A, vexans nocturnus, - 318 - Report of Survival of Boll Weevil as Determined by Surface Trash Examinations During the Spring - 1968 Spring collections of surface ground (woods) trash samples (two square yards per sample) have been completed in six Southern States. Wherever possible, samples were taken from the same locations that were sampled in the fall of 1967. The number of live boll weevil (Anthonomus grandis) adults per acre of ground trash examined and the percent survival are reported in the following paragraphs. For details of the fall (1967) hibernation survey in these six States, see CEIR 18(5): 57-59. In NORTH and SOUTH CAROLINA, samples were taken March 18-28 in the same four representative areas in which fall examinations were made in 1967. In each area a total of 30 locations (farm sites) was sampled with 3 samples from each area. The areas are as follows: South-central South Carolina (Orangeburg, Dorchester, and Bamberg Counties), Coastal Plain of South and North Carolina (Florence, Darlington, and Marlboro Counties, S.C., and Scotland County, N.C.), Piedmont section of South and North Carolina (Greenville, Anderson, and Spartanburg Counties, S.C., and Mecklenburg, Cleveland, and Union Counties, N.C.), and North- central North Carolina (Northampton, Nash, Wilson, and Edgecombe Counties). The average number of live weevils per acre in these areas was 349, 1,291, 914, and 161, respectively. Percent survival for these areas was 19.4, 18.5, 21.2, and 4.0, respectively. Percent survival was lowest in North-central North Carolina and highest in the Piedmont section of South and North Carolina. In Florence County, South Carolina, an average of 1,022 weevils per acre was found for the spring of 1968, with a winter survival of 18.8 percent. The number of weevils Surviving in Florence County is about 34 percent less than the number surviving in the spring of 1967. (Taft, Hopkins). Survey in TENNESSEE was made in Hardin, McNairy, Hardeman, and Fayette Counties to determine the adult population which overwintered in the western portion of the State. Fall trash examinations indicated an average of 7,580, the highest number on record for this area. Spring counts were made March 5-7, much earlier than usual, in an effort to obtain this information at an earlier date. However, it was possible to collect only half the usual number of samples. It is planned to collect additional samples in April, weather permitting, and release a supplemental report. These limited spring counts indicate an average of 2,420 weevils per acre compared with 3,388 per acre in the spring of 1966. Additional Sampling could increase or decrease this figure. This is a survival of 32 percent for 1968 compared with 48 percent in 1967. It appears that infestations will be general rather than occurring in spots, which has been the case in the past. If the weather is favorable for weevil buildup during the summer, this pest could be a serious problem for cotton growers. (Locke). Collections in MISSISSIPPI were started February 27 and all examinations completed by March 6. Three samples were taken at each location, and 7 or 8 locations were sampled in each county. Wherever possible, samples were taken from locations sampled last fall. Two counties made up each area and the State was divided into 4 areas as follows: Area 1 - South Delta (Sharkey and Yazoo Counties), Area 2 - Central Delta (Washington and Leflore Counties), Area 3 - North Delta (Coahoma and Panola Counties), Area 4 -— Hill Section (Holmes and Monroe Counties). Forty- five samples were taken from a total of 15 locations in each of the 4 areas. The average number of weevils found per acre in Areas 1, 2, 3, and 4 was 1,458, 216, 108, and 378, respectively. The State average was 540 compared with 1,525 in 1967, 1,425 in 1966, 995 in 1965, 289 in 1964, 13 in 1963, 1,132 in 1962), 1,246 in 1961, and 821 in 1960. The percent survival. for Areas 1, 2, 3, and 4 was 18.37, 4.44, 1.82, and 5.83,.respectively. The State average (percent survival) was 8.57 compared with 51.60 in 1967, 19.45 in 1966, 22.19 in 1965, 968 an) 1964) 0).2 ain 1963) 13'59) in’ 1962), 8.59) in 1961) (and 16723) 31m) W960) (Pfrimmer). Collections were made in northeast LOUISIANA March 5-20. This area includes Madison, East Carroll, Tensas, and West Carroll Parishes. Three samples were = Gilg) = collected at each location and 20 locations were used in Madison Parish, 10 in East Carroll Parish, 10 in Tensas Parish, and 5 in West Carroll Parish. A total of 135 samples was taken. The average number of weevils per acre of trash was 1,532 in Madison Parish, 484 in East Carroll Parish, 403 in Tensas Parish, and 484 in West Carroll Parish, or an average of 932 for the 4-parish area. Based on the 6,473 live boll weevil adults found per acre of trash in the fall of 1967, winter survival in the 4-parish area was 14 percent. In Madison Parish, where Similar records have been kept for the past 31 years, survival for the winter of 1967-1968 was 19 percent compared with the average of 43 percent for the 3l-year period. There have been only 8 years that survival was as low or lower than in the spring of 1968. The total rainfall recorded at the Tallulah Laboratory from November 20, 1967, to March 20, 1968, at which time the spring ground trash collections were completed, was 25.08 inches. In this same period there were 45 days when the temperature was 32° or less and 25 days when the temperature was 25° or less. The lowest temperature recorded was 20° on January 8 and February 22. The greatest rainfall recorded in a 24-hour period was 2.97 inches on December 18. Approximately 7 inches of snow fell on March 22. (Cleveland). In central TEXAS, spring collections were made March 18-25 from the same locations in Falls, Hill, Limestone, and McLennan Counties as in the fall of 1967. Three samples were taken from each location and either 6 or 7 locations were sampled in each county; 75 samples were taken from a total of 25 locations in the 4 counties. The average number of weevils found per acre in Falls, Hill, Limestone, and McLennan Counties was 1,075, 403, 806, and 576, respectively, with an area average of 711. This compared with 4,704, 7,526, 3,763, and 3,917 found in these respective counties in the fall of 1967, with an average of 4,942 weevils per acre for the area. The percent Survival for 1968 was 14.4 compared with 26.5 for UGG Sun LI66.. LOOmIin LIGo;Rscs an W964 Zona sin MOGs SSR rime IG 2h Sore in 1961, and 31.1 in 1960. The indicated spring survival of 14.4 percent in 1968 was lower than for any year Since the survey was started in 1959. Fewer weevils were found in the spring of 1968 than in any year except 1963 and 1964. Winter weather was comparatively mild with subfreezing temperatures on 27 days. A minimum of 19° was recorded on January 7. Rainfall for the period December through March 25 totaled 10.31 inches, or 1.13 inches above normal for the period. Most of the area, however, received more rainfall than this and has been very wet Since November. (Cowan). See tabulation on page 320. TENN, a ae ) 1 Aegis. ean 216 ‘AR Figures = live boll weevils per acre of ground trash - 320 - BOLL WEEVIL SURVIVAL SURVEYS - SPRING 1968 Area (County and State) NORTH and SOUTH CAROLINA South-central South Carolina (Orangeburg, Bamberg, and Dorchester Counties). Coastal Plain of South and North Carolina (Florence, Darlington, and Marlboro Counties, §S.C.; Scotland CountyAmNiGe) i Piedmont of South and North Carolina (Anderson, Greenville, and Spartanburg Counties, S.C.; Mecklenburg, Cleveland, and Union Counties, N.C.) North-central North Carolina (Nash, Wilson, Edgecombe, and Northampton Counties). TENNESSEE McNairy, Hardin, Hardeman, and Fayette Counties MISSISSIPPI South Delta (Sharkey and Yazoo Counties (area 1)). Central Delta (Washington and Leflore Counties (area 2)). North Delta (Coahoma and Panola Counties (area 3)). Hill Section (Holmes and Monroe Counties (area 4)). LOUISIANA Northeastern (Madison, East Carroll, Tensas, and West Carroll Parishes). TEXAS Central (Falls, Hill, Limestone, and McLennan Counties). * West Carroll Parish not included in 1967 spring survey. Number of Weevils Per Acre 1967 1968 3,899 349 1,542 1b ASI 1,801 914 645 161 3,388 2,420 1,782 1,458 1,296 216 LoL 108 1,512 378 2,057* 932 1292 711 U.S. Dept. Agr. Coop. Econ. Ins. 18 (16) :318-320, Rpt. 1968 = sll 2 Periodical Cicadas - Outlook for May and June 1968 Brood VIII of periodical cicadas (17-year race) is expected to be concentrated in western Pennsylvania, eastern Ohio, and the northern Panhandle of West Virginia. Scattered records for Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Virginia, and North Carolina have been reported over the years. Brood XXVIII, the 13-year race of periodical cicadas, is also scheduled for this year in the South, but no records seem to be available. As these insects are difficult to determine since the group was revised, Dr. R.C. Froeschner, Federal Taxonomist, will be glad to determine the specimens. These should be sent to him at the U.S. National Museum, Washington, D.C. 20560. For a table of coincidence of broods of periodical cicadas see following page. Brood VIII Periodical Cicadas 17-year race 1866 1883 1900 1917 1934 1951 1968 II Table of Coincidence of JEItIE |} Jif Vv VI VII {VIII 322 - Broods of Periodical Cicadas IX x XI XII |XIII/XIV ST NEE EE FT = bee lapad SS | ae tee [ase] XV XVI } XVII | _ {1908 | scat feet XXII He yi 1962 XXIII XXIV esa) Salaliesalneied cclen es ce Se ow fee) || 1965 seas] [| [ions 1937 1938 62 | 5 ie [fs | |1926 Scat | ie = a eel av OO vee [sl | | rowel | | rowel | | frome’ [| fis ena 2 fone woof | [fase] [| frorol [| fine ox off | fae] [| bored 5 A SO aeele con [2 rie XXV 2030 XXVI 2031 XXV II | 2046 an |_| XXX ie ee A Prepared in Survey and Detection Plant Pest Control Operations, Division, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture U.S. Dept. Agr: Coop. Econ. Ins. Rpt. 18(16) :321-322, 1968 ar ee a : A ae _ Maryland 20782 gz > VOL. 18 No. 17 ve April 26, 1968 “SAB Cre Zag Cooperative ECONOMIC INSECT. REPORT. Issued by PLANT PEST CONTROL DIVISION AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE PLANT PEST CONTROL DIVISION SURVEY AND DETECTION OPERATIONS The Cooperative Economic Insect Report is issued weekly as a service to American Agriculture. Its contents are compiled from information supplied by cooperating State, Federal, and industrial entomologists and other agricultural workers. In releasing this material the Division serves as a clearinghouse and does-not assume responsibility for ac- curacy of the material. All reports and inquiries pertaining to this release, including the mailing list, should be sent to: Survey and Detection Operations Plant Pest Control Division Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Federal Center Building Hyattsville, Maryland 20782 Volume 18 April 26, 1968 Number 17 COOPERATIVE ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT HIGHLIGHTS Current Conditions ARMY CUTWORM damage severe to many crops in Idaho; damaging in other States. @res Zoic ALFALFA WEEVIL larvae heavy in Oktibbeha County, Mississippi, and southeast Missouri; active in other States. (p. 328). PEA APHID damage severe in Kansas; reported from other States. (p. 329). GREEN PEACH APHID severe on tobacco in Polk County, Florida. (p. 330). IMPORTED CABBAGEWORM heavy on commercial cabbage in Blount County, Alabama. (Do BBL) RED-BANDED LEAF ROLLER and APPLE GRAIN APHID increasing at Vincennes, Indiana. (pp. 332-333). ENGRAVER BEETLES destructive in first quarter of 1968 in eastern Texas. (p. 335). ARMYWORM light trap collections high in Missouri, Mississippi, and Texas. (p. 341). Detection New State records include PEAR SAWFLY in Maryland (p. 333) and an OEDEMERID BEETLE in Delaware (p. 340). For new county and parish records see page 340. Prediction PAINTED LADY flights in 1968 may be heaviest of century; potential. hazard: to crops in Pacific Northwest and in midwestern and central United States. For special report see page 325. Special Reports ie Detection Reminder - Three Important Pests of Small Grains (p. 342). Cereal Leaf Beetle Infestation and Oat Crop Loss Survey - 1967 (pp. 343-348). Insects Not Known to Occur in the United States Arrowhead Scale (Unaspis yanonensis (Kuwana)). (pp. 349-350). Reports in this issue are for week ending April 19 unless otherwise indicated. S48) = 324 - CONTENTS Special Insects of Regional Significance........---+eeeeseeeeeeeseene podod000008a® Insects Affecting Corn, Sorghum, Sugarcane..........326 General Vegetables........ Fo00000 o oma! Siimllil GRAUIMS 6b ooGecooo006 ns islet euetanlo.s 327 Deciduous Fruits and Nuts..........332 Turf, Pastures, Rangeland......... 327 Caistrusi. FooboO DODD b bo ORODOD bo 0000 334 Iowa IEPA > 5000000000 00000 50 00m Small Fruits S600 0100 SO0b OC OODoCOObOE 334 COWUUOMG6Go5 06006 S0boabC0CDOOaGOO OS -330 OrnnamenyGaylislyepe eli -nckene sie wiisiieileite)(e\ (2) ohelsns Reto) WROINGCOGooo600000 S0000g0K0 00000000 -330 Forest and Shade Trees...... po0ob 0 OBeD SUPALrDE CIES cei cr eel clelenale 5O0000000'0 330 Nia Aincl Amines 560600000 eyo sehen ISO Miscellaneous Field Crone S660 MOG Sisal Households) and Structures... ceed Potatoes, Tomatoes, Peppers.......331 Miscellaneous Wild Plants..........337 Beans and DAS 5 Gin ab 0.06010 0 Ono a cron oem Stored Products...... aiitewerenors os) suelo RO OKt ColleNCcopstrv-reie 46.6005 O10 old oo GOO Sol Beneficial Insects........ GO0bOOOO DOOD O CODCOD DO dOODO GO000000N So00d06 HOOD COO SD OOS Federal and State Plant Protection DOORN oocodoboa0b60 SAO ROO .G o:O.0'0 OOS Hawaii Insect Report........ 50 600.0 6-00 BOO HOO COO. OO ULO0 CO DOOD O00 D B65 G8.0'0 os OOS, nsec Dekecitilonlere cere ee: elle So o0 00 ODO OD. OCOe Odd moooo oOo me oS Bisieoss DOC o.8 Jalon 6 00a Corrections..... 00:0 SEO OOo OU OD ODDO OO ODO OOOO ou UO SD aaa etaes Sersclniolomsoc 0060 0 - -340 Light Trap €ollections: c00000000 50 Soodoooooo GOO OO aitcliemenents 60000000 op 000000 oma Look for These Three Tingnanoaiatt Pests in Small GAASe oo 006 ooo0000 SOOO C0010 0 OO Cereal Leaf Beetle Infestation and Oat Crop Loss Survey - 1967............. 2 043 Insects Not Known to Occur in the United States Arrowhead Scale (Unaspis yanonensis (Kuwana))...........2...06- aie Sualeveetelenshenenete 349 WEATHER BUREAU'S 30-DAY OUTLOOK MID-APRIL TO MID-MAY 1968 The Weather Bureau's 30-day outlook is for temperatures to average above seasonal normals over the eastern half of the Nation and below normal over the western third. Near normal temperatures are indicated for the intermediate area, Precipitation is expected to exceed normal over the Midwest, the northern Plains and the Great Basin, Subnormal precipitation is indicated for the middle and north Atlantic Coastal States and also the central and southern Rocky Mountains, Elsewhere near normal precipitation is in prospect, Weather forecast given here is based on the official 30-day "Resume and Outlook" published twice a month by the Weather Bureau. You can subscribe through the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D, C. 20250. Price $5.00 a year. WEATHER OF THE WEEK ENDING APRIL 22 HIGHLIGHTS: Winter returned to the West as gradual warming occurred over the East. severe storms occurred from Wisconsin to Texas. PRECIPITATION: Rain fell along the Washington and Oregon coast early in the week with snow in the Cascades. By midweek, snow had blanketed a large area extending from Nevada to Wyoming and southward to Arizona and New Mexico. Lander, Wyoming, measured 11 inches on Wednesday afternoon and by Friday 7 inches covered the ground at Flagstaff, Arizona, Thunderstorms began forming early in the week in the humid gulf air which flowed northward over the Great Plains as it met the colder, drier air which plunged Southward. Some of the thunderstorms were accom— panied by damaging winds and hail, Tornadoes occurred late Tuesday in Oklahoma, Kansas, Missouri, and Iowa, More thunderstorms broke out in Oklahoma and Texas on Thursday. By Friday the violent weather had spread to other States. A tornado at Greenwood, Arkansas, killed 14 persons, injured 270, destroyed 35 business Weather of the Week continued on page 340. = O49) 5 SPECIAL INSECTS OF REGIONAL SIGNIFICANCE Painted Lady Survey in the Southwest - Survey conducted last 2 weeks of March to evaluate painted lady (Vanessa cardui) populations in Baja California, on north- western Mexican mainland, and in southwestern Arizona and southern California. Populations in Baja California very low; however, millions of larvae found in northwestern Mexico and in southwest desert areas of Arizona and California. Due to favorable rainfall, indications are that most larvae will reach full growth and migrate northward in April. Several million butterflies have already flown northward from overwintering breeding ground. Survey was not extended into eastern Arizona and the highlands of Mexico adjoining this area due to the terrain. During period March 26-27, few scattered butterflies noted at El Paso, Texas; also observed flying across highway from El Paso to Lordsburg, New Mexico. Very large flight observed near Lordsburg. Another large flight observed between Tucson and Gila Bend, Arizona. Data indicate that adults tend to skirt high mountain ranges. For this and unknown reasons massive flights may occur a few days apart and within 30-40 miles of one another. Flights tend to follow lower elevations and across lower mountain passes. V. cardui flights in 1968 may well be heaviest in this century. Thus, this species presents potential hazard to crops in the Pacific Northwest and in midwestern and central United States. (Stern). PAINTED LADY (Vanessa cardui) - ARIZONA - Egg laying on wild desert malva plants; migration into cotton fields causing serious damage in Maricopa and Pinal Counties. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). UTAH - Two adults in flight in Box Elder Canyon and Willard, Box Elder County, April 14. (Knowlton). NEW MEXICO - Vanessa sp. adults very abundant in desert and mountain areas throughout southern counties. (N.M. Coop. Rpt.). ARMY CUTWORM (Chorizagrotis auxiliaris) - IDAHO - Leaves stripped from seed turnips in 5-acre area of 17-acre field in Caldwell, Canyon County; dry conditions responsible for ineffectiveness of controls. Damage severe to many crops through- out area. Second and third instars, probably this species, collected from south- west area sugarbeet fields. (Homan, Apr. 12). UTAH - Retarded alfalfa growth and damaged small grains in Fillmore and Delta areas, Millard County. (Hall et al.). WYOMING - Larvae in several hundred acres of winter wheat, alfalfa, and grassland in Crook County. (Ferrell). COLORADO - Larvae O-1 per square foot along alfalfa field margins north of Windsor, Weld County. (Johnson). Larvae of this species and Agrotis orthogonia ranged 0-2 per row foot east of Erie and 0-5 north of Mead in Weld County; winter wheat damaged. (Jenkins, Johnson). KANSAS - Retarded growth in 6-acre alfalfa field in Ellis County. (Harvey). NEBRASKA - General in wheat and alfalfa in east, southeast, central, south, southwest, and northwest crop districts; many reports of damage. Less than 1 per square foot on wheat and alfalfa in Saunders, Cass, Otoe, and Nemaha Counties. (Keith et al.). SOUTH DAKOTA - Damaged winter wheat in Hamill area, Tripp County; near Gregory, Gregory County; and near Presho, Lyman County. Damage now known to occur in many winter wheat areas of western section. (Jones). ASTER LEAFHOPPER (Macrosteles fascifrons) - MINNESOTA - First of season on winter wheat, rye, alfalfa, and bluegrass in Ramsey, Dakota, Scott, and Carver Counties; 1-5 per 100 sweeps April 15-19. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). WISCONSIN - Ranged from 1 per 150 sweeps to 10 per 200 sweeps in rye and barley. Found in Spring Green area, Sauk County; near Trempealeau, Trempealeau County; and in lettuce-growing area near Montello, Marquette County. This is first appearance of season. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). CORN EARWORM (Heliothis zea) - ARKANSAS - First adult of season taken in light trap at Hope, Hempstead County, April 7. (Boyer). Eggs up to 1-3 per head in heading crimson clover in Desha County. (Denver). ; CORN LEAF APHID (Rhopalosiphum maidis) - ARIZONA - Damaged grain sorghum and wheat in Cochise County; controls may be required. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). TEXAS - Increased during past 2 weeks; damage extensive to young corn and grain sorghum in southern = BAG = and central areas. Damage and stand loss expected to continue as long as weather remains favorable. (Tex. Coop. Rpt.). This species and Schizaphis graminum averaged 10-50 per row foot near Seguin, Guadalupe County. (New) . GREENBUG (Schizaphis graminum) - OKLAHOMA - Light, less than 10 per row foot, in wheat in northeaSt area; Common in most panhandle and southwest area counties. Ranged 50-75 per row foot in wheat in many north-central, central, and northwest counties; very little damage evident. Parasitism by Lysiphlebus testaceipes (a braconid) common and increasing over much of State. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). TEXAS - Activity decreased on small grains in most Rolling Plains counties. Spotted, medium to heavy in some areas; beneficial species very active. Generally very light in panhandle area; up to 2,000 per row foot in Carson County. Some controls applied near city of Panhandle. (Boring et al.). KANSAS - Averaged less than 1 per 10 sweeps on wheat in Douglas, Johnson, and Miami Counties. (Simpson). NEBRASKA - Light, less than 1 per row foot, on Saunders and Nemaha County wheat, (Andersen, Keith). MINNESOTA - First of season in Johnson-Taylor trap April 16 at St. Paul, Ramsey County; less than 1 per 500 sweeps in Carver County bluegrass April 18. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). SPOTTED ALFALFA APHID (Therioaphis maculata) - TEXAS - Light to heavy in Foard County. (Boring, Green). OKLAHOMA - Heavy in scattered fields in Greer and Harmon Counties; light in Garvin County and medium in Jackson County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). ARKANSAS - Survey negative in all fields checked in northwest and west-central areas. (Boyer, Roberts). NEBRASKA - Less than 1 per 10 Sweeps on Otoe County alfalfa. (Keith et al.). CORN, SORGHUM, SUGARCANE EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) - NORTH DAKOTA - Overwintering larval mortality 50 percent in cornfield near Hunter, Cass County. (Frye, Kaatz). MINNESOTA - Overwintering mortality averaged 15 percent, lower than normal, in east-central and central districts. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). WISCONSIN - Dissections of corn stubble in scattered areas showed 76 percent larval survival. This is slightly lower than in 1967. Bird predation somewhat higher than last year. These factors may be attributable to open winter. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MISSOURI - Larvae averaged 111 per acre in 24 fields during overwintering survey in Carroll County April 4. Borers averaged 761 per acre during last 8 years. Half of fields well plowed and little debris exposed. (Lentz). MARYLAND - No pupation in central area. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). DELAWARE - Pupation 10 percent in Kent and Sussex Counties. (Burbutis). SOUTHWESTERN CORN BORER (Diatraea grandiosella) - ALABAMA - Larval survival 10 percent in girdled corn stubble in field in Morgan County; no pupation. Girdled stalks evident in all corn fields examined in county. (Jarrett et al.). CUTWORMS - TEXAS - Light to medium and widespread near Port Lavaca, Calhoun County; reduced stand of recently planted grain sorghum. (Cook). DESERT CORN FLEA BEETLE (Chaetocnema ectypa) - ARIZONA - Continues active on milo in Maricopa and Pinal Counties; damaged Sweet corn in Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). SOUTHERN CORN ROOTWORM (Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi) - TEXAS - Medium to heavy and damaging grain Sorghum in Jackson County; Some fields replanted due to general thinning of stands. (Wilson). CHINCH BUG (Blissus leucopterus) - TEXAS - Heavy and damaging grain sorghum near Giddings, Lee County. (Spivey). ss = 8A = SMALL GRAINS ENGLISH GRAIN APHID (Macrosiphum avenae) - ARKANSAS - Increased to 100-150 per 100 sweeps in wheat in northwest area; remains noneconomic. (Boyer). OKLAHOMA - Light in wheat in Kay County; 10-15 per linear foot in Payne County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). KANSAS - Ranged 15-20 per 10 sweeps on Douglas and Johnson County wheat. (Simpson). IOWA - Found in barley and many oat fields April 16 around Ames, Story County. (Wallin). WISCONSIN - Counts in rye and barley averaged 2 per 50 sweeps in Dane, Iowa, and Grant Counties; 1 per 50 sweeps in Spring Green and La Crosse area; and 1 per 200 sweeps in central area. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MINNESOTA - First collection of season in Johnson-Taylor trap April 16. Averaged 1 per 100 sweeps on Ramsey County winter wheat and 0.2 per 100 sweeps on Carver County bluegrass. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). WASHINGTON - Light on wheat at College Place, Walla Walla County. (Landis, Johansen). APPLE GRAIN APHID (Rhopalosiphum fitchii) - TEXAS - Light and spotted in Young, Foard, and Wilbarger Counties. (Boring, Green). OKLAHOMA - Moderate to heavy in lush-growing wheat over western two-thirds of State. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). MINNESOTA - Collected in Johnson-Taylor trap April 15-19. Light, 1-3 per 100 sweeps, on Dakota County winter wheat. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). WASHINGTON - Light on wheat at College Place, Walla Walla County. (Landis, Johansen). GREEN PEACH APHID (Myzus persicae) - CALIFORNIA - This species and Rhopalosiphum padi medium on barley plantings in Goshen, Tulare County; barley heading out. (Gali) (Coop. Rpt.))- PALE WESTERN CUTWORM (Agrotis orthogonia) - NEBRASKA - Small larvae ranged 2-6 per foot on Scotts Bluff County wheat. Some damage evident. (Hagen, Apr. 16). GREAT BASIN WIREWORM (Ctenicera pruinina) - IDAHO - Damaged winter wheat in Clear- water, Lewis, and Nez Perce Counties; damage severe in small isolated areas. This species predominant in area. (Dailey et al., Apr. 12). BROWN WHEAT MITE (Petrobia latens) - TEXAS - Light to heavy on wheat in Hansford and Sherman Counties; 300-600 per row foot common on dryland wheat. Lighter on irrigated wheat in Same area. (Green). OKLAHOMA - Common in wheat in all pan- handle counties; area very dry except in irrigated fields. (Okla. Coop. Sur.) KANSAS - Continue heavy in Ellis County. (Harvey). TURF, PASTURES, RANGELAND SAY STINK BUG (Pitedia sayi) - CALIFORNIA - Medium on native vegetation in Porterville, Tulare County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). NEVADA - Adults medium on’ Tetradymia in central Washoe County. (Lauderdale). A GRASS BUG (Labops hesperius) - UTAH - Many nymphs on range grass causing much concern at Orderville, Kane County. (Lindsay, Knowlton). FORAGE LEGUMES ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - NEW YORK - Adults active in Orange County field April 9. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt.). NEW JERSEY - Larvae difficult to find April 10 in Gloucester, Salem, and Cumberland County alfalfa; only scattered pinhole feeding injury noted. Very few egg clusters found in new-growth alfalfa; third instar found in Salem County. (Ins-Dis. Newsltr.). PENNSYLVANIA - Eggs on new-growth alfalfa from Centre County southward; larvae active in Dauphin and Westmoreland Counties April 9-15. (Hower). DELAWARE - Mostly first and second instars trace to common throughout State; damage light to moderate. (Burbutis). MARYLAND - Adults averaged 82 per 100 sweeps in alfalfa near Hagerstown, Washington County; larval damage very light. Terminal damage 30 percent in fields near Boonsboro, Washington County. Negative in fields surveyed in Harford County. Terminal damage averaged less than one percent near Easton, Talbot County; 50-60 percent damage in one field where controls needed. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). VIRGINIA - Larvae averaged 400 and adults 4 per 100 sweeps on alfalfa in 45-acre field in Rappahannock County; one or more third instars in all terminals. (Allen). OHIO - Rapid larval increases expected in southern half and in more northern counties of State; first major larval increase (2 per stem) in Ross County field. Alfalfa height 7-8 inches in southern area. (Rose). INDIANA - Treatment warranted throughout southern third of State April 21-27. Larvae ranged 35-87 per square foot; noticeable feeding almost 25 percent. Hatch begun in central third of State; larvae 2-9 per square foot. Feeding injury noted only in some Wabash River Valley fields where development ahead of upland areas. First instars ranged 0-3 per 2 square feet in northern third of State. (Huber). ILLINOIS - Larvae averaged 15 per sweep (30 maximum) in alfalfa south of line from Carmi to Pinckneyville; feeding evident on 40 percent of terminals. Adults averaged 10 per 100 sweeps in Same area. Larvae ranged 0-6 per 100 sweeps in most fields north of this line; 300 per 100 sweeps in one field. Terminal damage less than 5 percent in area. Adults averaged 4.75 per sweep and eggs slightly under 100 per square foot north of this line. (Ill. Ins. Rpt.). TENNESSEE - Larvae ranged 10-30 per sweep in untreated alfalfa in Knox, Blount, and Maury Counties; 15 per sweep in Hardeman County; 94 per sweep in untreated field and 27 per sweep on previously treated alfalfa in Henry County. (Quillin). MISSISSIPPI - Late larvae heavy, 35-40 per square foot, on Oktibbeha County alfalfa; foliage becoming very ragged and some plants dying. (Dinkins). ARKANSAS - Larvae less than one per square foot in alfalfa in Crawford County; survey negative in Madison County April 12. (Roberts). Larvae found in Benton County. Det. by E.P. Rouse. Crawford and Benton are new county records. (Boyer). MISSOURI - Larvae heavy, 200-5,000 per 100 sweeps, on southeast area alfalfa past 2 weeks; controls applied in much of area. (Jones). IOWA - Survey negative in alfalfa in Louisa County and in one previously infested field in Clinton County. (Mast). NORTH DAKOTA - Adults 1 per 6 square feet in 2-inch irrigated alfalfa in McKenzie County. (Brandvik). COLORADO - Adults active and feeding in Larimer County. (Simpson). IDAHO - Mating during first week of March at Aberdeen, Bingham County; active during last week of March. One caught in flight trap first week of April. (Carpenter). EGYPTIAN ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera brunneipennis) - CALIFORNIA - Probably this species, heavy on alfalfa in Woodland, Yolo County; probably well established in northern area. Hypera sp. larvae and pupae heavy on burclover in Porterville, Tulare County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). CLOVER LEAF WEEVIL (Hypera punctata) - NEBRASKA - Larvae averaged about 1 per square foot in alfalfa and red clover in Otoe County. (Keith et al.). KANSAS - Larvae ranged 10-15 per 10 sweeps on Johnson and Miami County alfalfa; damaged alfalfa in Elk County. (Simpson). INDIANA - Larvae ranged 0-4 per square foot throughout southern two-thirds of State; 50 percent of larvae diseased. (Huber). MARYLAND - Larval damage light to medium in red clover at Gamber, Carroll County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). VIRGINIA - Total of 3 larvae found in 1.5-acre clover field in Nelson County. (Allen). LESSER CLOVER LEAF WEEVIL (Hypera nigrirostris) - NEBRASKA - Adults active in red clover in Otoe County. (Keith et al.). VIRGINIA -— Single adult found in 1.5-acre clover field in Nelson County. (Allen). ALABAMA - Larval damage serious to crimson clover at Nanafalia, Marengo County. (Daniel et al.). CLOVER HEAD WEEVIL (Hypera meles) - ALABAMA - Larvae. heavy, 1-4 per head, in 150- acre crimson clover field at Megargel, Monroe County. Larval damage serious to crimson clover in Nanafalia, Marengo County; defoliation and stem damage evident with many plants falling over. (Daniel et al.). = 329 = CLOVER ROOT CURCULIO (Sitona hispidula) - MISSOURI - Adults ranged 25-650 per 100 sweeps on southwest area red clover and alfalfa; 450 per 100 sweeps in 3 Greene County fields. (Munson). MARYLAND - Adults averaged 3-4 per 10 sweeps on red clover at Gamber, Carroll County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). PEA APHID (Acyrthosiphon pisum) - VIRGINIA - Adults and nymphs averaged 50 per 100 sweeps on alfalfa in Rappahannock County and 98 per 100 sweeps in 1.5-acre clover field in Nelson County. (Allen). ILLINOIS - Light, 0-50 per 100 sweeps, in State. (Ill. Ins. Rpt.). WISCONSIN - Remains unchanged; less than 1 per 10 sweeps. Some nymphs contained embryos. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MINNESOTA - One aphid found on Carver County alfalfa April 15-19. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). MISSOURI - Ranged 800-20,000+ per 100 sweeps in alfalfa throughout southern area; lady beetles and damsel bugs increased rapidly during period. (Munson). ARKANSAS - Light in alfalfa in Madison County April 12. Heavy in Crawford County; alfalfa terminals bent over in one field where treatment recommended. (Roberts). Averaged several hundred per 100 sweeps in alfalfa in Benton County; 20 percent winged. (Boyer). TEXAS - Light to heavy in Foard County. (Boring, Green). OKLAHOMA - Ranged 50-100 per sweep in alfalfa in northeast counties; 100-400 per square foot of crown area in scattered fields in central, west-central, north-central, and north- west counties. Controls begun in some areas. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). KANSAS - Light to moderate, 25-300 per 10 sweeps, in 9 southeastern counties. (Redding). Averaged 50 per sweep in 4-inch alfalfa in Ellis County; heavy in 2 Russell County fields; controls expected. (Harvey). Ranged 25-125 per 10 sweeps on alfalfa in 7 east-central counties. Continues heavy in many alfalfa fields in Riley, Pottawatomie, Dickinson, Saline, and McPherson Counties; up to 2,000=- 3,000 per sweep in Riley and Pottawatomie Counties. Damage severe in these counties and many fields treated. Predators and parasties remain low due to cool weather. (Simpson). NEBRASKA - Averaged 15 per 10 sweeps on alfalfa in Cass and Otoe County. (Keith et al.). ARIZONA - Evident on alfalfa in Pima County; some on alfalfa in Graham County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). WASHINGTON - All stages on alfalfa grown for seed and forage; 10-15 per 100 sweeps in Gardena and Touchet area and 50 per 100 sweeps in Umapine, Walla Walla County. (Featherston). MEADOW SPITTLEBUG (Philaenus spumarius) - DELAWARE - Young nymphs appearing on alfalfa in New Castle County. (Burbutis). MARYLAND - First nymphs of season on alfalfa at Fairland, Prince Georges County; first instars light on 15 acres of red clover at Gamber, Carroll County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). VIRGINIA - Spittle masses averaged 1-2 in 95 percent of clover crowns in 50-acre field in Botetourt County; nymphs 3-5 per spittle mass. (Allen). PENNSYLVANIA - More abundant than usual on alfalfa in southern half of State. (Lloyd, Apr. 15). INDIANA - Hatch well underway throughout southern two-thirds of State; nymphs 4-24 per square foot in alfalfa, Spittle masses in southern third but not in central third of state. (Huber). THREE-CORNERED ALFALFA HOPPER (Spissistilus festinus) - ARIZONA - Ranged 30-60 per 100 sweeps on alfalfa near Safford, Graham County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). NEW MEXICO - Adults averaged 3-5 per 25 sweeps in alfalfa near Carlsbad, Eddy County. (Mathews). MISSISSIPPI - Light, one per 3 row feet, on alfalfa in Oktibbeha County. (Dinkins). TARNISHED PLANT BUG (Lygus lineolaris) - INDIANA - First instars on Dearborn County alfalfa April I6. (Huber). ILLINOIS - Adults ranged 0-100 per 100 sweeps (average 20) in State. (Ill. Ins. Rpt.). IOWA - Averaged 5 per 10 sweeps in alfalfa in Louisa County. (Mast). ARKANSAS - Only adults in alfalfa surveyed, highest counts 20 per 100 sweeps. (Boyer, Roberts). OKLAHOMA - Ranged 2-8 per 10 sweeps in alfalfa in Nowata, Craig, and Ottawa Counties; 2 per 10 Sweeps in Payne County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). LYGUS BUGS (Lygus spp.) - MARYLAND - First instars ranged 30-40 per sweep in red clover in Carroll County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). MINNESOTA - Active, 1-10 per 100 sweeps, in alfalfa in State. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). NEW MEXICO - Adults averaged 4-6 per 25 sweeps in Eddy County alfalfa. (Mathews). ARIZONA - Adults = 330 continue prominent, 20-80 per 100 sweeps, on alfalfa in Yuma, Pinal, and Pima Counties. Increasing in Graham County; severe on old hay stands in Safford area. (Ariize Coop. Sur.) ALFALFA CATERPILLAR (Colias eurytheme) - VIRGINIA - Adults averaged 6 per acre in 50-acre clover field in Botetourt County; several mating but no egg laying. (Allen). IOWA - Adults observed in south-eastcentral area. (Mast). NOCTUID MOTHS - MICHIGAN - Caenurgina erechtea first collected in light traps April 12 and 13; noneconomic in past years. (Janes). ILLINOIS - Lacinipolia renigera common in grass debris in red clover fields; 4 per square foot in one field and less than one per square foot. in most other fields. (Ill. Ins. Rpt.). ARIZONA - Spodoptera exigua averaged 25 per 100 sweeps on alfalfa in Cochise County field and I-2 per 100 Sweeps on alfalfa in Graham County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). WESTERN FLOWER THRIPS (Frankliniella occidentalis) - ARIZONA - Very heavy in alfalfa and weeds in Graham County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). SPRINGTAILS - MARYLAND - Unusually heavy, several hundred per sweep, in red clover at Gamber, Carroll County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). COTTON BOLL WEEVIL (Anthonomus grandis) - ALABAMA - Negative in 2-leaf stage cotton field in Shelby, Shelby County. (Kidd). No adult emergence in any county to date. Over 50 percent of cotton planted in State. (Rutledge et al.). TEXAS - Seven adults in lure traps near Santa Rosa, Cameron County. (Deer). DARKLING BEETLES - TEXAS - Heavy with serious damage to scattered fields in lower Rio Grande Valley. (Deer). ARIZONA - Blapstinus spp. larval damage serious to cotton in Pinal County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). CUTWORMS - ARIZONA - Peridroma saucia damaged some fields in Pinal County; controls necessary. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). TEXAS - Feltia subterranea and Agrotis ipsilon caused much damage in scattered fields near Bay City and in lower Rio Grande Valley. (Deer, Vestal). APHIDS - ARIZONA - Heavy on underside of newly formed leaves in many cotton fields in Pinal and Pima Counties; evident on some cotton in Graham County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). FALSE CHINCH BUG (Nysius ericae) - TEXAS - Destroyed some cotton in northeastern Cameron and southeastern Willacy Counties. (Deer). A ROOT MAGGOT (Hylemya sp.) - CALIFORNIA - Larvae heavy in sprouting seeded cotton in Huron area, Fresno County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). TOBACCO GREEN PEACH APHID (Myzus persicae) - FLORIDA - All stages severe on 50 percent of 100,000 plants at Lakeland, Polk County. Entire l-acre field refused certifica- tion. (McLeod). TOBACCO FLEA BEETLE (Epitrix hirtipennis) - VIRGINIA - Feeding generally light to medium around margins of tobacco plant beds in Pittsylvania County. (Dominick). SUGARBEETS GREAT BASIN WIREWORM (Ctenicera pruinina) - WASHINGTON - Larval damage light to Sugarbeets on 70 acres at Brownstown, Yakima County. (Onsager). - 331 - SEED-CORN BEETLE (Agonoderus lecontei) - COLORADO - Adults still numerous in northeast area soil. Few adults flying. (Johnson). SUGAR-BEET ROOT MAGGOT (Tetanops myopaeformis) - COLORADO - Pupae 0-3 per square foot in upper 2 inches of Soil in old fields in Weld County. (Alldredge, Johnson). MISCELLANEOUS FIELD CROPS RED-BACKED CUTWORM (Euxoa ochrogaster) - WASHINGTON - Larvae ranged 10-20 per crown in parts of hop yards at Prosser, Benton County; feeding on new shoots. (Cone). POTATOES, TOMATOES, PEPPERS BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) - ARIZONA - Damaged potato vines in Queen Creek area, Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). CABBAGE LOOPER (Trichoplusia ni) - ARIZONA - Heavy in some potato fields in Queen Creek area, Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). FLEA BEETLES - ALABAMA - Chaetocnema pulicaria, Epitrix cucumeris, and other species caused light damage on 1,500-2,000 acres of commercial tomatoes in 2-leaf stage on Chandler Mountain, St. Clair County; controls will be complete on all acreage by April 26. Much of this acreage in corn in 1967. Adults ranged 2-10 per clump of seedling corn in heavy volunteer stand. (Smith et al.). GREAT BASIN WIREWORM (Ctenicera pruinina) - WASHINGTON - Larval damage light to potato seed pieces on 600 acres at Burbank, Walla Walla County. (Onsager). BEANS AND PEAS BEAN APHID (Aphis fabae) - ALABAMA - Winged females migrated to several hundred acres of commercial 2 and 3-leaf stage beans in St. Clair County; first-genera- tion nymphs 2-15 per plant on scattered plants. (Smith et al.). AN ANTHOMYIID FLY (Pegomya sp.) - CALIFORNIA - Larvae moderate in planted bean seeds generally in Oroville area, Butte County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). COLE CROPS IMPORTED CABBAGEWORM (Pieris rapae) - ALABAMA - Larvae heavy on commercial cabbage in Blount County; flight and egg laying heavy statewide past several weeks. (McCall et al.). VIRGINIA - Adults occasionally in orchards and weeds in Frederick and Clarke Counties; no larvae found. (Allen). PENNSYLVANIA - First adult activity of season in Centre County. (Adams, Apr. 12). OHIO - First adult of season in Franklin County April 11. (Davidson). MICHIGAN - found in Oakland (April 11), Ingham (April 12), and Livingston (April 13) Counties. Weeds only hosts available for egg laying. (Janes). CABBAGE LOOPER (Trichoplusia ni) - ALABAMA - Adults in flight around lights in central and southern areas; egg laying should become widespread. (McQueen). FLORIDA - Eggs and larvae increasing; infested 25-50 percent of cabbage plants inspected at Sanford, Seminole County. (Greene). GENERAL VEGETABLES ASPARAGUS BEETLE (Crioceris asparagi) - DELAWARE- Adults and eggs abundant on young asparagus spears in one area of Kent County; damage heavy. (Burbutis) . = 332 - ALFALFA LOOPER (Autographa californica) - CALIFORNIA - Larvae medium on lettuce plantings at Bakersfield, Kern County. (Black). CUTWORMS - OHIO - Agrotis ipsilon and Peridroma saucia adult flight begun in central area; first occurrence Of season in blacklight trap April 11-18. (Rose). DECIDUOUS FRUITS AND NUTS CODLING MOTH (Carpocapsa pomonella) - INDIANA - Three of 10 specimens pupated at Vincennes, (Dolphin, Apr. 15). WASHINGTON - First pupa of season at Yakima, Yakima County. (Butt). CALIFORNIA - Medium in pears at Walnut Grove, Sacramento County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). ORIENTAL FRUIT MOTH (Grapholitha molesta) - VIRGINIA - Adults emerged April 12 in cages at Charlottesville; no egg laying. Field populations not observed. (Bobb, Allen). EYE-SPOTTED BUD MOTH (Spilonota ocellana) - CONNECTICUT - Larval activity increased; damage noticeable on unsprayed apple trees. (Savos, Apr. 16). RED-BANDED LEAF ROLLER (Argyrotaenia velutinana) - VIRGINIA - Adults flying in orchards in Shenandoah, Frederick, and Clarke Counties; some egg masses found but no hatch. (Hill, Allen). MARYLAND - Hatch April 12 on apple at Hancock, Washington County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). NEW YORK - Flying in orchards at Lagrangeville and Mellenville April 12.. No moths in bait traps, but pheromone traps attracted males. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt.). INDIANA - Overwintering moths increasing at Vincennes; 1,435 males taken in 30 sex lure traps; highest count this season. (Dolphin, Apr. 15). EASTERN TENT CATERPILLAR (Malacosoma americanum) -— OKLAHOMA - On native plum in Nowata, Craig, and Ottawa Counties; late larvae on same host in Major and Alfalfa Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). CONNECTICUT - Egg masses began hatching April ll. Injured foliage and small tents easily spotted on unsprayed apple trees. (Savos, Apres 6). AEGERIID MOTHS - ALABAMA - Sanninoidea exitiosa damage excessive on peach trees in 2 home orchards in St. Clair County; unusual amount of gum below ground line where. larvae extremely active and girdling. (Payne et al.).~-INDIANA - Some pupation of overwintering larvae of Synanthedon pictipes at Vincennes. (Dolphin, {Noe INS) e GEOMETRIID MOTHS - MICHIGAN - Alsophila pometaria and Paleacrita vernata male collections in blacklight traps almost ended for season. Newman, Apr. 15). CLIMBING CUTWORMS - MICHIGAN - Fed on buds in southwest orchards. (Wooley, [Nokon Alis))) 4 PACIFIC FLATHEADED BORER (Chrysobothris mali) - CALIFORNIA - Damage severe to prune trees at Biggs, Butte County; 60 percent loss of year-old trees in 125-acre orchard. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). CALIFORNIA PRIONUS (Prionus californicus) - UTAH - Larval damage severe to roots of apple trees in orchard at Willard, Box Elder County. (Knowlton, Allred). WEEVILS - OKLAHOMA - Anthonomus scutellaris averaged 3 per tree on native plum in Noble County; first report of season. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). DELAWARE - Conotrachelus nenuphar adults collected from unsprayed peach trees in Kent County. (MacCreary). = 333 = PEAR SAWFLY (Hoplocampa brevis) - MARYLAND - Collected in pear fruit March 26, 1968, at Hebbville, Baltimore County, by E.J. Ford, Jr. Det. by D.R. Smith. This is a new State record. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). Larvae collected from same location May 14-17, 1967, but determination not positive. (PPC). ROSY APPLE APHID (Dysaphis plantaginea) - CONNECTICUT - Active with some molting on developing apple buds. “(Savos, Apr. 16). MARYLAND - Very light; some curling begun on apple leaves. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). MISSOURI - Light on southeast area apples. (Wkly. Rpt. Fr. Grs., Apr. 16). APPLE GRAIN APHID (Rhopalosiphum fitchii) - INDIANA - Females from overwintering eggs depositing nymphs; populations increasing rapidly at Vincennes. (Dolphin, Apr. 15). WISCONSIN - Fundatrices commenced producing nymphs on Prunus spp. in western Dane County. Trees in pink stage. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). APHIDS - CONNECTICUT - Aphis pomi active with some molting on developing apple buds. (Savos, Apr. 16). ALABAMA - Eriosoma lanigerum clumps very heavy above ground line on apple trees in 2 home orchards in St. Clair County; several small clumps in top sections of 3 to 4-year-old trees. (Payne et al.). UTAH - MyzZus persicae appeared on peach in Holladay area, Salt Lake County. (Knowlton). A LEAFHOPPER (Erythroneura obliqua group) - INDIANA - Overwintered adults feeding on new foliage, caused Some Stippling at Vincennes. (Dolphin, Apr. 15). WHITE PEACH SCALE (Pseudaulacaspis pentagona) - FLORIDA - Some nymphs but mostly unfertilized adult females on peach trees at Gainesville, Alachua County. Det. by L.C. Kuitert. (Kuitert). PEAR PSYLLA (Psylla pyricola) - CONNECTICUT - Some eggs on pears at Storrs. Bulk of early season egg Iaying yet to come. (Savos, Apr. 16). TARNISHED PLANT BUG (Lygus lineolaris) - INDIANA - Adults attracted to apple and peach flowers at Vincennes. Dimpling and catfacing of fruit may result. (Dolphin, Nore alfsy)) 6 STINK BUGS (Euschistus spp.) - ARIZONA - Damaged young fruit trees in Graham County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). EUROPEAN RED MITE (Panonychus ulmi) - MISSOURI - Moderate on apples in southeast, light in central and northeast areas. (Wkly. Rpt. Fr. Grs., Apr. 16). INDIANA - First new larvae on apples at Vincennes April 11. Many larvae feeding on new leaves April 15. (Dolphin). OHIO - First larvae of season in Wayne County April 13-14; one percent of eggs iatched. Apples in early pink stage in northeast area. (Forsythe). Hatch begun :1d larvae light in Jackson County; apples in late pink to early bloom stage in sov 1-central area. (Rose). VIRGINIA - Hatch in nearly all orchards. Up to 7 pe. leaf in Botetourt County. Up to 46 per leaf in one orchard and overwintering eggs very heavy in 50-acre orchard in Nelson County. (Allen). MARYLAND - Eggs hatched; nymphs ranged 30-40 per leaf on unsprayed trees. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). NEW JERSEY - First hatch of season April 16 in Red Delicious apple block in Gloucester County. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). CONNECTICUT - Overwintering eggs began hatching on apples April 11. Hatching Shoud be completed soon with predicted above average temperatures. (Savos, Apr. 16). PECAN NUT CASEBEARER (Acrobasis caryae) - TEXAS - During past 2 weeks, larvae tunneled in pecan shoots in Wilbarger, Shackelford, and Stephens Counties. (Boring). A CERAMBYCID BEETLE (Neoclytus caprea) - TEXAS - Collected from pecan trees in El Paso County. Moderate to light infestations widespread over city of El Paso, (Neeb) . - 334 - CITRUS Quarterly Citrus Insect and Mite Outlook in Florida - April through June - This outlook is based on the assumption that weather beyond the period of the current U.S. Weather Bureau 30-day outlook will be normal. Therefore, the forecasts given below cannot be viewed with the same degree of confidence as those in the "Insect and Disease Summary" usually released twice each month by this station. CITRUS RUST MITE (Phyllocoptruta oleivora) population expected to continue above normal and in high range in April, decrease to normal in May, and increase in late June. Gradual increase of TEXAS CITRUS MITE (Eutetranychus banksi) will start in late April, continue through May, and enter high range about mid-June. CITRUS RED MITE (Panonychus citri) increase will occur. Statewide population expected to be below average. About 20 percent of young groves will develop important infes- tations. Very few SIX-SPOTTED MITE (Eotetranychus sexmaculatus) infestations will be important despite moderate increase in 6 percent of groves until mid-June. BLACK SCALE (Saissetia oleae) population expected to be near normal abundance. It will build up in late May and enter high range by mid-June. Although gradual increase of GLOVER SCALE (Lepidosaphes gloverii), PURPLE SCALE (L. beckii), YELLOW SCALE (Aonidiella citrina), and CHAFF SCALE (Parlatoria pergandii) will occur, none expected to exceed normal levels, AN ARMORED SCALE (Unaspis citri) will appear in additional groves and spread in those already infested. APHIDS will be much below normal and of little importance except in recently hedged groves or in young groves of susceptible varieties, MEALYBUGS will increase in May and June but expected to be important in less than 5 percent of groves. WHITEFLIES expected to be below normal abundance and at moderate level. (W.A. Simanton). AN ARMORED SCALE (Unaspis citri) - FLORIDA - All stages general and severe on stems and bark of Sweet orange trees in nursery at Plymouth, Orange County. (Musgrove, Apr. 9). Adults collected April 11 on stems and bark of sweet orange at Lake Hort, Orange County; about 600 of infested trees quarantined until infestation eliminated. (Crews). CITRUS THRIPS (Scirtothrips citri) - ARIZONA - Second generation appearing in citrus; controls required. CAriz., Coop. Sur): CITRUS RED MITE (Panonychus citri) - ARIZONA - Severe in some orchards in Yuma County; controls in progress. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). SMALL FRUITS WESTERN GRAPE LEAF SKELETONIZER (Harrisina brillians) - NEVADA - First adults of season at Las Vegas, Clark County, April 14. Occurrence one month ahead of normal as in 1967. . (Zoller). STRAWBERRY LEAF ROLLER (Ancylis comptana fragariae) - MARYLAND - First larvae of season found at Fairland, Prince Georges County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). RED-BACKED CUTWORM (Euxoa ochrogaster) - WASHINGTON - Occasional grape bud damaged in Prosser, Benton County. (Cone). PACIFIC COAST WIREWORM (Limonius canus) - WASHINGTON - Adults landing on trellised Concord grapes and destroying Swollen buds. Large area involved; bud loss 1 per- cent or less at Prosser, Benton County. (Cone). MEADOW SPITTLEBUG (Philaenus spumarius) - MARYLAND - First instars light on straw- berries at Fairland, Prince Georges County; first of season. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). PLANT BUGS - MISSOURI - Moderate on strawberries in southeast and light in east- central areas. (Wkly. Rpt. Fr. Grs., Apr. 16). — )e}0) ORNAMENTALS A PLANARIAN FLATWORM (Geoplana mexicanum) - CALIFORNIA - Heavy on camellia blos- soms in nursery at Sacramento, Sacramento County. Periodically severe on flowers and bush fruits. (Cal. Coop. Rpt., Mar. 29). IRIS BORER (Macronoctua onusta) - DELAWARE - Eggs hatched; young larvae on iris in New Castle County. (MacCreary). A CONIFER APHID (Cinara tujafilina) - OKLAHOMA - Medium to heavy on Cleveland County evergreens. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). FOREST AND SHADE TREES SOUTHERN PINE BEETLE (Dendroctonus frontalis) - TEXAS - Aerial photographic sur- vey in January over 3.6 million acres of southeast area showed overwintering pop- ulation levels similar to past 3 years. Infested 3.6 pines per thousand acres. Detection flights begun in February resulted in 67 infestations (totaling 1,243 trees) for first quarter of 1968. Another 900 infested trees controlled on National Forests in Angelina, Big Thicket, Tenaha, and Yellowpine Districts. Tenaha infestation in Shelby County believed most northern outbreak in State. (Ollieu). ENGRAVER BEETLES (Ips spp.) - TEXAS - I, avulsus, I. grandicollis, and I. calli- graphus, contrary To past years, killed many trees in eastern area during first quarter of 1968; high populations in late 1967 account for this condition. Sal- vaged 748 infested trees on U.S, Forest Service lands in Trinity and Angelina Districts. (Ollieu). BLACK TURPENTINE BEETLE (Dendroctonus terebrans) - TEXAS - Chemical treatment applied to 246 trees on National Forests in Angelina and San Augustine Counties. Salvaged 5 trees in Trinity County. (Ollieu). DEODAR WEEVIL (Pissodes nemorensis) - TEXAS - Severely attacked-pine seedlings and saplings, which Survived Late 1967, displayed needle kill and curl from tips inward, Larvae reached full size by late March with some pupae present. Wood- peckers destroyed many weevils in certain heavily infested trees. (Ollieu). NANTUCKET PINE TIP MOTH (Rhyacionia frustrana) - OKLAHOMA - Active on Garvin County pines. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). CHERMIDS - VIRGINIA - Pineus strobi adults and nymphs on Scott County white pine, (Reynolds, Amos, Apr. 9). PENNSYLVANIA - Adelges cooleyi beginning to deposit eggs on some Chester County firs April 5. (Kearby) . PINE SPITTLEBUG (Aphrophora parallela) - DELAWARE - First young nymphs of season on loblolly pines in southern Sussex County. (Burbutis). EASTERN TENT CATERPILLAR (Malacosoma americanum) - VIRGINIA - Tents conspicuous on wild cherry in Pittsylvania County. (ominick). Tents 15 inches in diameter in Nelson and Botetourt Counties. Up to 14 tents per tree in Amherst County. (Allen). MISSOURI - Larvae easily collected from wild cherry and plum in south- west area. Size ranged from third to half grown, (Francka). ALABAMA - Larvae, 50+ per tent, heavy and widespread on wild cherry throughout Morgan County and northern area; lighter on apple, occasionally on peach, (Rutledge et al.). INDIANA - Hatch completed in southern half of State but beginning in northern area on wild cherry. Larvae ranged one-fourth to one-half inch long; webs 2-6 inches in diameter. (Huber, Porter). FOREST TENT CATERPILLAR (Malacosoma disstria) - IDAHO - Overwintering eggs hatching April 10 on birch at Idaho Falls, Bonneville County. (Moss). - 336 - SPRING CANKERWORM (Paleacrita vernata) - NORTH DAKOTA - Females heavy on trees near Harwood, Cass County. (McBride). A NOCTUID MOTH (Oncocnemis punctilinea) - NEVADA - Larvae light to medium on ash at North Las Vegas, Clark County. (Beckmyer). BOXELDER TWIG BORER (Proteoteras willingana) - NORTH DAKOTA - Larvae 5 per 8 stems on boxelder trees in shelterbelt near Hunter, Cass County. (Frye, Kaatz). SMALLER EUROPEAN ELM BARK BEETLE (Scolytus multistriatus) - OKLAHOMA - First- generation adults in Payne County. (Okla. Coop. Sur. ELM LEAF BEETLE (Pyrrhalta luteola) - TEXAS - Infested elms in Wilbarger, Foard, and Hardeman Counties during past 2 weeks. (Boring, Green). LOCUST LEAF MINER (Xenochalepus dorsalis) - TENNESSEE - Overwintered adults appearing on early Tocust foliage in Knox County. (Quillin). APHIDS - OKLAHOMA - Longistigma caryae heavy on oak and sycamore in Tulsa and Pushmataha Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). NEVADA - Pterocomma bicolor medium on Populus sp. at North Las Vegas, Clark County. (Johnson). EUROPEAN ELM SCALE (Gossyparia spuria) - NEW MEXICO - Very heavy on most American elms at Santa Fe, Santa Fe County. Heninger) . HEMISPHERICAL SCALE (Saissetia coffeae) - ALABAMA - Heavy on several oaks and other ornamentals at Fayette, Fayette County. (Pitts). A PSYLLID (Trioza maura) - CALIFORNIA - Nymphs and adults moderate on willow at Glendora, Los Angeles County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). MAN AND ANIMALS MOSQUITOES - MICHIGAN -Collected at Livingston County light trap; annoying in buildings. (Janes, Apr. 13). WISCONSIN - Some hatch noted in Manitowoc County; larvae pupating in laboratory. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MINNESOTA - First hatch of single-brooded Aedes March 25, Anopheles quadrimaculatus, A. walkeri, and Culiseta inornata annoying past 10 days. To date, larvae of Mansonia perturbans, C. inornata, other Culiseta spp., and 13 species of Aedes collected in Minneapolis and St. Paul. Mostly Second and third instars; some fourth. Lack of winter snow and spring rains kept many breeding sites dry or larvae stranded as water receded, (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). MISSOURI - Aedes canadensis larvae in marsh area and Culiseta inornata adult from light trap in Boone County first of season, (Kessler). ALABAMA - Larvae very heavy in most containers in central area past 10 days; adults continue increase, (McQueen). OKLAHOMA - Adults of Aedes triser- iatus, Anopheles barberi, Culex restuans, and Culiseta inornata active in Payne County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.), COLORADO - Overwintering adults of Aedes vexans and A. dorsalis in light traps. No larvae found. (Ronald). UTAH - Adults active at Woods Cross, Davis County. Larvae common in some Rich County waters. (Roberts, Knowlton). CALIFORNIA - Mosquitoes generally above average; long periods of warm weather contributed to increase, (Cale Coops Rpt.) SCREW-WORM (Cochliomyia hominivorax) - Total of 10 cases reported in U.S, April 14-20 as follows: TEXAS - Bee I, Hidalgo 2, McMullen 1, Starr 2, Webb 2; ARIZONA - Yuma 1; CALIFORNIA - Imperial 1. Total of 69 cases reported in portion of Barrier Zone in Republic of Mexico as follows: Territorio sur de Baja Cali- fornia 24, Sonora 22, Chihuahua 1, Coahuila 4, Nuevo Leon 4, Tamaulipas 14. One case reported in Mexico south of Barrier Zone, Barrier Zone is area where eradi- cation operation underway to prevent establishment of self-sustaining population in U.S, Sterile screw-worm flies released: Texas 27,368,000; Arizona 888,000; California 800,000; Mexico 98,242,000. (Anim. Health Div.). = 337 - HORN FLY (Haematobia irritans) - ALABAMA - First-generation adults ranged 1-5 per head on cattle in northern area, especially in Morgan, Lawrence, and Colbert Counties. Light on several Bibb County herds. (Odom et al.). MISSISSIPPI - Adults increased to 250 per head on beef cattle in Oktibbeha and Lowndes Counties. (Dinkins), ARKANSAS - Light on northwest area cattle. (Boyer). OKLAHOMA - Light, 25-50 per head, on northeast area cattle; 50-75 per head in north-central and northwest areas. Light on cattle in Cleveland and Garvin Counties; medium in Cotton County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). FACE FLY (Musca autumnalis) - MARYLAND - Adults averaged 10-20 per head on beef cattle in central counties. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). IDAHO - Up to 100 clustering on sunny side of building at Payette, Payette County; only 2 seen inside. (Matsen) . CATTLE GRUBS - WISCONSIN - Survey shows statewide average of 44 percent infesta- tion. of dairy heifers during first 2 weeks of April; percentage reflects 38 per- cent of randomly sampled herds, (Wis. Ins. Sur.). OKLAHOMA - Hypoderma lineatum adults active in Noble County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). ALABAMA - H. lineatum egg laying begun on Morgan County cattle; some annoyance noted. (Rutledge) . HARD-BACKED TICKS - OKLAHOMA - Amblyomma americanum light in drag counts in Mus- kogee and Cherokee Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). MINNESOTA - Dermacentor varia- bilis becoming active in suburbs of Minneapolis and St. Paul. (Minn. Ins. Rpt., Apr. 12). BROWN RECLUSE SPIDER (Loxosceles reclusa) - ALABAMA - Additional specimens col- lected in Franklin County. (Ponder), OKLAHOMA - Bite case reported at Ponca City, Kay County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). INDIANA - Collected in home at Bruceville, Knox County, March 18, Det. by W.J. Gertsch, This is a new county record, (Dolphin) SPRINGTAILS - CALIFORNIA - Hypogastrura armata and Onychiurus fimetarius medium in earthworm beds in Tulare County; occasionally pests in earthworm farms. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). HOUSEHOLDS AND STRUCTURES SUBTERRANEAN TERMITES (Reticulitermes spp.) - ALABAMA - Large swarms of R. flavipes emerging from commercial buildings and decaying tree stumps on lawns in Lee County area. (Johnson et al.). TEXAS - Several R, flavipes infestations in Bowie, Rusk, and Williamson Counties. (Lynch, Gibson), IDAHO - Additional activity, probably R, hesperus, in homes at Boise, Ada County; Lewiston, Nez Perce County; Aberdeen, Bingham County. (Vail et al.). WASHINGTON - Adults, probably R. hesperus, in flight at Ephrata, Grant County. (Foeppel). Fe MISCELLANEOUS WILD PLANTS A TEPHRITID FLY (Aciurina maculata) - CALIFORNIA - Larvae heavy in twig galls on Chrysothamnus sp. generally in Alturas area, Modoc County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). A PSYLLID (Psylla minuta) - CALIFORNIA - Nymphs and adults moderate on Purshia tridentata at Johnstonville, Lassen County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). STORED PRODUCTS POTATO TUBERWORM (Phthorimaea operculella) - MICHIGAN - Inspected 9 warehouses in Detroit and vicinity December 5, 1967, through February 7, 1968; no evidence of adults or larvae in any warehouse. Drosophila melanogaster (a vinegar fly) found in moderate numbers. (Newman). - 338 - A DERMESTID BEETLE (Trogoderma ornatum) - CALIFORNIA - Larvae moderate in dog food factory at San Leandro, Alameda County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). BENEFICIAL INSECTS LADY BEETLES - PENNSYLVANIA - Adalia bipunctata very noticeable April 9-15 in homes and on shrubbery statewide. (Gesell). MARYLAND - Lady beetles increased in apple orchards; may be responsible for low numbers of rosy apple aphid. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). ARKANSAS - Hippodamia convergens and Coleomegilla maculata light, 50-75 per 100 sweeps, in wheat and alfalfa in northwest area; reproduction light. Some eggs and larvae evident, (Boyer, Roberts). GREEN LACEWINGS (Chrysopa spp.) - ARKANSAS - Only adults on all alfalfa and wheat surveyed in west-central and northwest areas. One larva on Crawford County alfalfa. (Boyer, Roberts). A BIG-EYED BUG (Geocoris punctipes) - ARKANSAS - Continues light in State with no reproduction. (Boyer). DAMSEL BUGS (Nabis spp.) - ARKANSAS - Adults 40-50 per 100 sweeps. (Boyer). FEDERAL AND STATE PLANT PROTECTION PROGRAMS CEREAL LEAF BEETLE (OQulema melanopus) - INDIANA - Two adults on wheat near Topeka, Lagrange County, April 12. (Porter). MICHIGAN - Active on warm days in Berrien County. As of April 12, activity and adult numbers low. Little feeding noted, Observations limited. (Connin, Ruppel). GRASSHOPPERS - COLORADO - Averaged 5 per square yard on rangeland near Atwood, Logan County. (Foster). NORTH DAKOTA - Most eggs in clear and coagulated stages in cropland areas of Dunn, Golden Valley, Morton, Burleigh, and Emmons Counties. Eggs 44 percent clear, 36 percent coagulated, 12 percent eyespot, and 8 percent segmented, Eggs most advanced (35 percent segmented) in sandy areas of southern Burleigh County. Eggs mostly clear in Morton and Emmons Counties; Melanoplus differentialis dominant. Predators in all counties. Ground beetle larvae most numerous; up to 8 per square foot (average 1.8) destroyed 7 percent of egg pods. Bee flies and blister beetles trace. No dessicated eggs found. Late hatch expected again in 1968 due to species involved and retarded development. (Brand- vik). MINNESOTA - M. femurrubrum and M, bivittatus eggs in central district showed little or no development. Some M. bivittatus eggs on protected southern slopes showed early coagulation. Ground beetle larvae destroyed less than 10 percent of egg pods. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). IMPORTED FIRE ANT (Solenopsis saevissima richteri) - GEORGIA - Found for first time in Bacon, Jasper, Johnson, Long, and Montgomery Counties; extensions in Cook, Lowndes, and Wayne Counties, MISSISSIPPI - Extensions in Lee and Yazoo Counties, TEXAS - Total of 43,000 acres treated in Gregg and Harrison Counties. (PPC South, Reg., Mar. Rpt.). PINK BOLLWORM (Pectinophora gossypiella) - ARIZONA - First emergence from screen cages in Graham County April 5. iz. Coop. Sur.). TEXAS - Live larvae taken during debris inspections in Tyler, Victoria, Jackson, Goliad, and Medina Coun- ties; high mortality indicated from surface debris in Young and Jack Counties. (PPC South, Reg., Mar. Rpt.). RANGE CATERPILLAR (Hemileuca oliviae) - NEW MEXICO - Egg mass survey conducted April 12. Found 159 egg masses at 58 stops in Colfax County and 7 egg masses at 26 stops in Harding County. (Finnie). = O89) s SOYBEAN CYST NEMATODE (Heterodera glycines) - LOUISIANA - Infested 2 soybean fields inTensas Parishfor a new parish record, MISSISSIPPI - Found in 300-acre soybean field in Jefferson County for a new county record, (PPC South. Reg., Mar. Rpt.). WHITE-FRINGED BEETLES (Graphognathus spp.) - KENTUCKY - Collected 18 first through fourth instars in previously treated 3-acre area near Hopkinsville, Chris- tian County. Sweetclover preferred host. No pupae in area. (PPC Cent. Reg., Mar. Rpt.). ALABAMA - Treated 454 acres in 4 counties, GEORGIA - Controls applied to 460 acres in Bibb, Crisp, Laurens, Thomas, and Washington Counties. (PPC South. Reg., Mar. Rpt.). HAWAII INSECT REPORT Adult STINK BUG (Plautia stali) taken at light in Kaneohe, Oahu. To date, adults taken from several areas in Honolulu, Pearl City, and Kaneohe. (Funasaki). Turf, Pasture - Larvae and damage of a GRASS WEBWORM (Herpetogramma licarsisalis) remain heavy in 200 acres of Kikuyu grass pasture at Huleia, Kauai; 8 of 18 egg clusters (44 percent) found within 0.25-acre area in pasture parasitized by a MINUTE EGG PARASITE (Trichogramma semifumatum). Larvae and damage trace on lawns at Wailua; 19 of 20 egg clusters (95 percent) found on this area parasitized by T. semifumatum. (Funasaki, Sugawa). Vegetables - CARMINE SPIDER MITE (Tetranychus telarius) heavy on snap beans and eggplants in some fields at Waianae, Oahu; very Tight on same crops in Waimanalo. (Yamamoto, Sato). Ornamentals - Nymphs and adults of a LEAFHOPPER (Protalebrella brasiliensis) heavy, 30 per sweep, on wedelia in Kaneohe, Koko Head, and several areas in Honolulu, Oahu; feeding injury evident on foliage. (Funasaki). Forest and Shade Trees - Larval outbreak of a NOCTUID MOTH (Hypocala deflorata) caused much damage to flush growth of lama (Diospyros ferrea), a native species, at Halepiula, North Kona, Hawaii Island, April,1. (Davis). KIAWE FLOWER LOOPER (Cosymbia serrulata) adult light trap collections indicate populations increasing in Kailua and Kaneohe, Oahu; collections from several areas on Oahu during past year showed increases during spring and peak levels in June. , (Higa). Beneficial Insects - Adults of a HISTERID BEETLE (Hister nomas) light in cow dung in pasture at Molokai Ranch. This predator of horn fly larvae apparently reached Molokai on its own as no releases made on that island. (Krauss). SOUTH AFRICAN EMEX WEEVIL (Apion antiquum) larvae, pupae, and adults heavy on emex plants along main highway in Waimea, Hawaii Island; complete destruction of emex in area expected. (Yoshioka). Miscellaneous - GIANT AFRICAN SNAIL (Achatina fulica) surveillance continues at Kahaluu and Kona on Hawaii Island and at Poipu and Wahiawa on Kauai. No live snails detected past several months. Metaldehyde bait applications made periodi- cally to facilitate followup surveys. (Yoshioka, Sugawa). No additional speci- mens of a LONGHORNED GRASSHOPPER (Euconocephalus nasutus) found during surveys in Waipahu, Oahu; only one live male found in State at Waipahu January 15. (Otsuka). = 3405— INSECT DETECTION New State Records An OEDEMERID BEETLE (Oxycopis suturalis) - DELAWARE - Adult collected in blacklight trap in Dover, Kent County, July 13, 1966, by J. Franklin. Det. by R.H. Arnett. (Burbutis). PEAR SAWFLY (Hoplocampa brevis) - MARYLAND - Collected in pear fruit at Hebbville, Baltimore County, March 26, 1968, by E.J. Ford, Jr. Det. by D.R. Smith. (p. 333). New County and Parish Records ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - ARKANSAS - Crawford and Benton Counties. @rens28))y BROWN RECLUSE SPIDER (Loxosceles reclusa) - INDIANA - Knox County. (p. 336). IMPORTED FIRE ANT (Solenopsis saevissima richteri) - GEORGIA - Bacon, Jasper, Long, Johnson, and Montgomery Counties. (p. 338). SOYBEAN CYST NEMATODE (Heterodera glycines) - LOUISIANA - Tensas Parish. MISSISSIPPI - Jefferson County. (p. 339). CORRECTIONS CEIR 18(14): 262 - Light trap collections - FLORIDA - Sanford - Salt-marsh caterpillar 67 should read granulate cutworm 67. (Fla. Coop. Sur.), Weather of the Week continued from page 324, establishments, and destroyed or damaged 400 residences along a 5-mile path. Numerous other twisters struck elsewhere in Arkansas and in Oklahoma, Kansas, and Missouri and thunderstorms were active in more than a dozen States. Saturday brought more tornadoes, These struck Minnesota, Wisconsin, Indiana, and Texas. Thunderstorm activity dumped torrential rains on Rio Grande City, Texas, causing local flooding, Precipitation totals exceeded 3 inches in scattered spots from Texas to southern Wisconsin with wide areas across the Great Plains receiving from 1 to 2 inches, Areas with little or no rain during the week include California, the southern portions of Arizona and New Mexico, eastern Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, and the western portion of New England, TEMPERATURE: Temperatures averaged below normal from the Pacific Ocean to the western edges of the northern and central Great Plains. Colorado was warm early in the week but cold the latter part, averaging a few degrees below normal. The cold air reached New Mexico late in the week causing Saturday's maximums to be 20° to 30° lower than Friday's, A large area from eastern Washington to the Continental Divide and southward to central Nevada averaged 9° to 12° colder than normal, Temperatures over the East warmed, continuing the mild trend that has persisted for several weeks over the Northeast. Much of the East averaged 4° to 6° above normal, Temperatures in the 30's occurred early in the week as far south as Kentucky but gradual warming during the week pushed maximums into the 80's and 90's over much of the Southeast by the weekend, Jacksonville, Florida, registered 95° on Sunday afternoon, (Summary supplied by Environmental Data Service, ESSA,) LIGHT TRAP COLLECTIONS - 341 (cr) ot I 00 st et te fe) ire} Pele) to Vee Te) Tel ace) NN N ite) qi © On vt oq on a ite) oot 0 Or q or) oo 100 ei cr} (o) al ) ite) = ° ci ~~ aa tt X al ise) o ro] © o onl oO Onr ao q N nN NA J ei by Q on a ix} x) S 3) iO gas q Ce 3) : Ss o ° i Qo ~ o Q x & Q (os) (os) a i] i] i) © te) + © o ct i] & a foe) Ar fey) u oo a hot q ° Ia q aim 1 4 Gell) (v7) ! 1ord o dea be 4 (oe) oN qa Ko) SAAN aed ~ a ats S o é YN oth Zac) S S x S br yi oOo mA x so o a so) qi o on aoe ps dq on % ta qoNN SSS ENG o ond qi an ants st st f= hii! ae Poeded ao ~ a™~ A oN AA OoPp> ‘Ad s St >oUd Toe OF A 4 oo >~ w ns non H HO HH > HO oo oD ov rm) aj Oo SZ0UHOO0 SON > nO & So q 3) NON AAPHH BHg No NE HPP zO rs SQ HoH eet FOG BH HO OHHH NOD u gee RABOSS HVDO AH NP NaOO os oa fey ESI BOA (=) Gite Ze 2nN NRAA a= = = ‘ol <= <=] cal g = = is] * 896T ‘Zhe: (2ZT)8I °3du ‘sul ‘uooq *doog yasn “ysod oy} ySuTese uoT}yeAAedo UT ST weadoId [oO1,U0D Terepag pue a4¥e19 dAT}eIAadO00 V ‘etueaTAsuueg UT SeTyuUNOD F puke STOUTTII UT SatzUNOD 9 wory paytodea os—e ‘oTyO pue ‘euetpul ‘ueSstyotM fo seose eptM UT Sandd0 Mou 4ySed ayUL “Z96GT UT PadTeAODSTp SeM yoaSUT o0Y44 oTaYyM ULSTYOTW JO Svote UT pue ‘edoing Jo svore ut peytoder uaeq sey suter3 [[Teus 03 aSeuep SnoTtdiaS “epeueD) UT paytodat usaeq sey puke *S'N FO evare [Tes e UT Sandd0 OSTY °“eTteqtg 0} 4Sva odoing pue ‘oooorom ‘fuer ‘Taeas]— ‘snadAg ‘Aayany ‘etstun, Soepnpour uorynqtaystqd “Sasseis Joy}O pue suters [Tews syovj4e prfTewoshayo stuL ‘skep Sutads waren uo sjyou doams ut usoyey oq Aew sz[NpyY ‘1094eu [Teoey Fo Sutsaa0co e hq paanosqo ST BUTIOTODN *S3eT yOoeTq ySTuMoIq YIIM ‘YSTMOTTAA ST 7I ‘4y[npe uey} Ia3u0T STITT &@ ST BPALTeT ‘UMOIG YSTppot JYUSTT xer0OYy, pue SZeT ‘*YoeTq ystntTq ‘orl =[¥}90N ote peoy pue SXaAOD SUTM °YYSUdT UT ‘wu CG ATO eWTxOAdde ose (°'I) sndo —ueToWw eueTNO FO SJTNpyY *39}TYM YSTMOTTOA avadde syzuetTd ‘suotze1sesyut Aavoy UT “seaAvaT oy} FO VoUeIeedde payeot1S e Wor; JUSTedde YSAITT oq Avu Sp[oty utTerds ut ysed paonposjut sty Jo souasoag 9/490q JOO] Jbe10D °S0}e7S poeyTuUN 944 UT ANd00 04 UMOUY JOU oIe TOUTU FeOT [Teeted pue 4sed uuag °€L8: (88)6 UINOD 99S STte.Op ssoW JOT *uer, ut poeztodar uoeq aaey jUueTd ted aeAret 06-09 Se Auew sy ‘Sveaze Iay}zO WOLF paysr0daet SO9SSOT dtaAeS fAayYIn]L ut yUuaorted GZ-0Z {}Uae0Ted QZ-GT uepazor UT SSOT TeNuUe ‘3Sedq OTPPIW UT S[TeeraD Fo ysoed azoCeW *sSut ued aitzue [T[Tty Aew f[tady 04 TOQUSAON WOLF SOAVST OUTW OBATeT “ueTT pue ‘Toers] ‘beal ‘uepaszor ‘etahkgs ‘uouegeT ‘hoyrnyL ‘snadAD ut sanodo00 ysed ay *sysoy padszayaad are seo pue ‘AfazTazeq ‘1¥0qM “yoeTq uewopqe pue xer1oy} ‘uMOIq ote SSUTMAIOT ‘ww gT-ZI Worf ST YJOW Fo asuedxa Burm '_ *ZOTOO ut MOTTAA ySTAvAZ pue ‘umoaS [TNF uoym yYSueT ut -ww G ynoqe ate aeAreyT *yUoTedsuet} Stutoeptde ayy SuTAvoyT ‘saaeatT oy} UTYIM Sposey TauTW SnNo.aydopTt -deT StuUL °(°pel) e[[e}e1edwez stedosutahs jo aouesaad fo : OAT}PVOTpUT oq AewW SpTOTF utes ut sayozed umorq 10 pamotT Teak Jouiw joe] |pe18D °88:(G)Z2 HIF 9eS STtezZep o10W JOM “USsN FO Seaae wory pazazo0d -o2 useq Sey oseuep AAvoH ‘UOT }eUTUZaS pue ANOTZ FO AyTTeNb szoaTTe oste ysed uueg ‘aszow 10 yUadrIed Gg paonpax uayyso st ptath fpoforzsep oq Aew sdoto yeeymM orTJU_ *“STeuroy oSeuep syduAu pue S7[Npe pue szyuetd B3unok Fo suo}yS UO poss SLTNPVY _°}SeCH STPPIW eu} UT UTeIS Fo szSed aatT}ONIISep SOW 2q} FO euo ST UOZNd SdodT1394UuT JaysesAanq *(usayyNos) YsSsn pue ‘AoyInL ‘erakg ‘ueistyed 3Sem ‘uoueqeT ‘uepszor ‘Taearst ‘beat ‘snadAQ ‘uea— ‘ao00rm9 ‘azo ‘ueystueyszy UL Sind00 prwoyejyUed STUL “O@TISTY pue ‘TOAOTO ‘xeLTF ‘ZJamoTyJuns ‘asinds ‘unys1os ‘yaT Tt ‘szvo ‘aka ‘faTreq ‘}eoyM apnpToUuT szsoH “staqep FO SUOT}IATTOD 1940 IO MeIZS FO SMOTPUTM TAapuN saye3arTSu09 ue4JO “Jou daeMsS eB UT AT Tpvar uaye} 9q UeD ‘“paqunystTp useyM punoas ayy 03 ATHo9tNb sdoxzp us1jso 4nq usas A[Ttseo oq ued }OOSUT STYL ‘*‘Svore YSTT pure yep Bsurzeusez,Le savy uswopqe 4 [Nnpe fo sutsazeq ‘sutess TlTews jo sua}S 10 Speay uo 3nq YUTIS YStTUMOTq 07 UeY ‘TeAO Ue TOF YooT 1S8q uues SNIVUS TIVWS NI 3S3HL YO NOOT - 343 - 1967 CEREAL LEAF BEETLE INFESTATION AND OATS CROP LOSS SURVEY 7 M. Curtis Wilson 2/ and Robert E. Treece 3/ The first survey designed to estimate the extent cereal leaf beetle populations have built up and the extent of loss from these infestations was conducted in late June, 1967. Background research for the survey by Shade (1), Treece, Wilson and Shade (2), and Wilson, Shade, Treece and Stivers (3) was reported at the annual meetings of the Entomological Society of America at New York in December. Treece et al. (1) deScribe the survey technique employed to obtain the data re- ported here. The losses in this report appear quite low considering the amount of concern over the pest since its introduction. However, these results should not be interpreted to indicate that the cereal leaf beetle is not a Serious problem in the States involved. This survey shows the loss that occurred after all control measures had been applied. Neither the cost of these control measures, nor the value of crops saved by controls is taken into account. Prior to 1967 the regulatory agencies of Indiana, Michigan and the U.S. Depart- ment of Agriculture applied intensive Suppression programs. As a result a high dollar loss was not expected. Populations, however, were higher and more exten- sive than were expected in 1967, indicating a rather rapid buildup by the pest. This survey is based entirely on foliage consumption by the cereal leaf beetle larva and is made after 95 percent of the larvae have gone into pupation. The survey is accomplished by sampling fields for larval feeding and estimating the percent of the foliage consumed. The results of research Showed that (in the case of oats) 20.29 percent of the leaf surface was consumed for each population increment of one larva per stem. These were used as a basis to estimate the field population surviving to pupation. Life table research by Shade (1) in Indiana shows that mortality from the egg stage to pupation may be as high as 80 percent. Thus, an estimate of the total potential infestation prior to mortality in the field could be five-fold for the population levels shown in Table 1. Since it is the surviving population that causes loss in yield and will be the threat to the 1968 crop, this is the population which will be discussed here. Research by Wilson et al. (3) Shows a loss in yield of oats of 2.24 bushels per acre for each increment in the infestation level of one larva per stem. This factor was used to calculate the losses shown in Tables 3 and 4. The factor may change due to variation in soil type, fertility, rainfall, management, etc. At present, it appears to be a reasonable factor to use based on effective farm management and good growing conditions. The acreage of oats both in Michigan and Indiana has been decreasing for several years. Estimates of the 1967 acreage, used in this report, were obtained from 1/ Completed through the cooperative assistance of the following offices: John ~ Favinger, State Entomologist, Indianapolis, Indiana; Kenneth Kruse, John Hayward, and C. N. Shepeard, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Plant Pest Con- trol Division 2/ Purdue University, Lafayette, Indiana 3/ Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, Ohio - 344 - the Statistical Reporting Service. Oats acreage was eStimated by C. A. Hines to be 81 percent of 1966 in Michigan and by Robert Straszheim to be 71 percent of 1966 in Indiana. At the present time the cereal leaf beetle is found damaging wheat only under conditions of extremely high infestation near the point of introduction. Within 10 miles of the initial infestation area at Galien, Michigan, infestations in winter wheat dwindle to trace levels. The Survey was not conducted in winter wheat beyond a distance of 20 miles from the Galien, Michigan - New Carlisle, Indiana area Since levels of infestation were too low for detection. We believe that this survey gives the most reliable estimate of infestation and loss due to the cereal leaf beetle to date. It shows the general buildup in infestation that has occurred eastward Since the pest was first found in 1962. Although populations have not reached levels of economic significance in Ohio, the trend which shows fields located 180 miles from the initial infestation point having 62 percent of the stems infested, is of the utmost importance. This points out that infestations are well established and it would appear to be only a matter of a few years before they attain sufficient size to cause real economic loss. The development of infestations to the Southwest continues at a very low rate. Losses are becoming Significant in both Michigan and Indiana as Shown in Tables 2 and 3. Heretofore, most loss has been confined to four adjoining counties of the two States. Now, outwardly spreading populations are building up and causing loss. Much of this loss is real to the grower, but because of the low cash value of oats, the cost of control would be too great to be economically feasible below infestation levels of 2 larvae per stem. Literature Cited (1) Shade, R. E. A partial life table for the cereal leaf beetle in Indiana. Ent. Soc. Amer. Ann. (in preparation). (2) Treece, R. E., Wilson, M. C. and Shade, R. E. Population buildup of the cereal leaf beetle in the Mid-West. J. Econ. Ent. (in preparation). (3) Wilson, M. C., Shade, R. E., Treece, R. E. and Stivers, R. K. The corre- lation of cereal leaf beetle larval populations, leaf feeding, and yields of oats. J. Econ. Ent. (in preparation). - 345 - Table 1. Estimated Infestation of Oats by the Cereal Leaf Beetle Based on Larval Feeding Survey, June 1967 INDIANA Percent Stems Infested Larvae/100 Stems 1/ County Range Average Range Average St. Joseph 47-100 87.8 20-446 104.90 La Porte 12-100 W926 -7-447 84.60 Lagrange 88-90 89.0 30-41 36.73 De Kalb 80-91 85.3 30-46 36.05 Elkhart 32-95 ibe 2-76 30.35 Delaware 36-70 47.8 4-22 11.50 Whitley 24-49 34.8 4-27 O05 Kosciusko 1-55 28.6 02-31 10.48 Marshall 4-83 BIG} ge} -2-23 7.65 Fulton 43-66 56.0 5-9 6.78 Starke 11-73 BH 5 2 1.2-14 5.52 Wabash 27-50 28.6 1-6 2.98 Henry 5-27 16.8 .4-6 2.58 Porter 1-39 113}.4(0) 06-6 2 O7/ Allen 3-25 16.0 1-5 2.04 Cass 1-6 2) 8) .5-3 Ie tier Jasper 6-26 133683 .8-2 1.67 Grant 3-25 12.0 -01-4 eS Adams 3-10 Ont 0.3-2 87 Wayne 2-4 G10) 0.2-2 263 Pulaski 2-23 Tal 583 0.1-0.9 03 Union 1-1 iLe@ 0.2-0.3 210) White 0-2 0.8 0-0.4 5 bal Lake 0-2 0.5 0-0.2 .05 Newton 0-2 OF, 0-0.05 -O1 Benton 0-1 0.3 0-0.04 Ol Carroll 0-2 ORS 0-0.05 Ol Fayette (0) 0 (0) 0) W Percent stems infested times the number of larvae per infested stem. - 346 - Table 1. (cont'd) MICHIGAN Percent Stems Infested Larvae/100 Stems County Range Average Range Average Berrien 16-100 79.2 1-434 88.60 Calhoun 20-100 T2569) 2-234 49 .34 Allegan 11-100 rad) 1-36 24.14 Cass 32-93 68.2 4-75 22.68 Ionia 95-100 98.0 11-33 18.73 Kalamazoo 67-93 82.3 8-25 We (S35) Barry 71-95 85.3 9-25 16.80 Hillsdale 79-90 84.7 7-25 12.68 Van Buren 30-96 64.5 6-29 WP 8} St. Joseph 60-84 74.0 9-19 12.43 Ingham 24-81 54.3 4-18 8.85 Genesee 7-76 SO 57 0.3-19.8 Spray Ottawa 32-61 5ORS 1-8 5.45 Eaton 3-52 36.8 0.8-8 4.03 Branch 17-26 19.8 1-7 3.63 Kent 39 39.0 4.8 4.80 Lenawee 44-74 56.3 3-9 4.68 Muskegon 31 31 S00 Bo UO) Newaygo 9-14 SO) 0.1-2 03 Oceana 2-6 4.5 0O.1-1 0.50 Gratiot 1-17 9.5 0.02-0.6 0.36 Montcalm 1-15 os 0.02-0.9 0.49 Lapeer 3-7 5.0 0.07-0.3 0.18 Mecosta 1-8 4.8 0.01-0.6 0.16 Midland 0-3 RS) 0.02-0.2 0.07 OHIO Percent Stems Infested Larvae/100 Stems County Range Average Range Average Williams 84-94 89.3 7-9 Tf oo) Hancock 49-75 62.0 3-9 SSO Defiance 7-71 31.8 0.3-13 4.08 Shelby 22-36 34.0 2-7 S35 0/0) Henry 11-41 27.8 0.5-3 KO) Mercer 2-11 Co® 0.3-0.7 0.43 - 347 - Table 1. (cont'd) ILLINOIS Percent Stems Infested Larvae/100 Stems County Range Average Range Average Iroquois O-1 ORO 0-0.2 0.01 Kankakee (0) (0) (0) (0) Will (0) (6) (0) (0) Taber 2i Estimated 1967 Loss to Oats Due to Infestation by the Cereal Leaf Beetle in Indiana é 1/ Bu. Loss 2/ 3/ ounty Acreage — Per Acre Total $= St. Joseph 3124 2.390 7341 4772 La Porte 3266 9.0) 6205 4033 Lagrange 8591 0.82 7045 4579 De Kalb 5964 0.81 4831 3140 Elkhart 6461 0.68 4393 2855 Delaware 4544 0.26 1181 768 Whitley 6248 0.25 1562 1015 Kosciusko 5325 0.23 1225 796 Marshall 3834 0.17 652 424 Fulton 2485 0.15 166 108 Starke 781 0.12 43 28 Total 50,623 34,644 $22,518 1 LA Rep sane reported by R. Straszheim, Statistical Reporting Service, to be 71 per- cent of 1966. 2 Gitess estimated at 2.24 bushels per larva per stem. These estimates do not take into account the cost of control measures nor the value of crops saved. a enetare value calculated at 65¢ per bushel. County Berrien Calhoun Allegan Cass Ionia Kalamazoo Barry St. Joseph Hillsdale Van Buren Ingham Ottawa Total - 348 - Table 3. Estimated 1967 Loss to Oats Due to Infestation by the Cereal Leaf Beetle in Michigan Acreage i/ oF etre Zz a $ 3/ 3240 LOS 6415 4169 12555 LO 13810 8977 9720 0.54 5248 3411 5670 0.51 2892 1880 12150 0.42 5103 Son 9720 0.40 3888 2527 9720 0.38 3694 2401 4860 0.28 1361 885 11745 0.28 3289 2138 4050 0.28 1134 737 8910 0.20 1782 1158 8100 0.12 972 632 100, 440 49,588 $32,232 1/ncreage reported by C. A. Hines, Statistical Reporting Service, to be 81 per- cent of 1966. airess estimated at 2.24 bushels per larva per stem. These estimates do not take into account the cost of control measures nor the value of crops saved. 3/ — Monetary value calculated at 65¢ per bushel. U.S. Dept. Agr. Coop. Econ. Ins. Rpt. 18(17) :343-348, 1968 - 349 - INSECTS NOT KNOWN TO OCCUR IN THE UNITED STATES ARROWHEAD SCALE (Unaspis yanonensis (Kuwana) ) Economic Importance: The species, also called yanone scale, is one of the most injurious scale insects of citrus in Japan. Many trees have been killed by it in the Nagasaki area of Japan and large parts of infested groves have been seriously infested. Even at a distance, infested trees may be recognized because of the large masses of white male cocoons on the foliage. Females are usually seen on the twigs and small branches as well as the fruit. Although the scale was de- scribed in Chionaspis in 1923, it was known in Prontaspis from that year until 1949, Distribution: China (citrus areas of the southeast mainland), France (Céte d'Azur), and Japan. Hosts: Many species of citrus. 160" 140" _ 1207 y 1207 190° ico” 10" oo" 60" £0" 40" Me Oa LU Pe WOW Ww General Distribution of Unaspis yanonensis (Kuwana) Life History and Habits: Under conditions in Japan, females and sometimes ma’e pupae have been known to hibernate. Females are ovoviviparous and each may .o- duce about 140 nymphs in the first generation, 170 in the second and 40 in the third. The nymphs of the first generation appear about mid-May in the north and a second nymphal peak takes place about 10-15 days later. In southern Japan, nymphs of the first generation occur approximately one month earlier. At temper- atures of 68° F., development of first stage nymphs requires nearly 25 days and the second stage about 18 days. First generation nymphs may be found up to August, whereas those of the second and third are present almost to November. Three generations a year occur in Japan. Hemiptera: Diaspididae No. 176 of Series = 350 - Description: ADULT - Female scale cover - Length 2.84-3.56 mm. Elongate, darkish brown with a gray margin, exuviae pale yellow. Sides slope away from central ridge. Body - Elongate with distinct segments; heavily chitinized. Pygidium - Large, with three pairs of well developed lobes; median lobes also largest and slightly sunken into pygidium. Anus circular, closer to base than apex of pygidium. Dorsal gland orifices numerous and variable in number. Male scale cover - Length about 1 mm. Elongate with sides nearly parallel, white and with three ridges. os < at. ar ‘cd it isd Pygidium of Female Margin of Pygidium Female Heavily Infested Orange USDA Photo Selected References: 1. Clausen, C. P. 1927. U.S. Dept. Agr. Tech. Bul. 15, Op pee Kuwana, I. 1926. The Diaspine Coccidae of Japan, IV. Jap. Imperial Plant Quar. Serv. Tech. Bul. 4, 44 pp. 3. Nakayama, S. 1968. Personal communi- cation. 4. Nishino, M., Furuhashi, K. and Matsunaga, Y. 1965. Shizuoka Pref. Citrus Expt. Sta. Bul. 5:69-93. 5, Ohgushi, R. and Nishino, T. 1966. Jap. J. Appl. Ent. and Zool. 10(1):7-16. 6. Takezawa, H. and Aihara, J. 1962. Jap. J. Appl. Ent. and Zool. 6(3) :208-215., Illustrations of female and pygidium from Kuwana Prepared in Survey and Detection U.S. Dept. Agr. Operations in cooperation with other Coop. Econ. Ins. Rpt. ARS agencies. 18(17) :349-350, 1968 on RTMENT Si D PA ao 18 No. 18 ' May 3, 1968 Cooperative ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT Issued by PLANT PEST CONTROL DIVISION AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE PLANT PEST CONTROL DIVISION SURVEY AND DETECTION OPERATIONS The Cooperative Economic Insect Report is issued weekly as a service to American Agriculture. Its contents are compiled from information supplied by cooperating State, Federal, and industrial entomologists and other agricultural workers. In releasing this material the Division serves as a clearing house and doesnot assume responsibility for ac- curacy of the material. All reports and inquiries pertaining to this release, including the mailing list, should be sent to: Survey and Detection Operations Plant Pest Control Division Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Federal Center Building Hyattsville, Maryland 20782 Volume 18 May 3, 1968 Number 18 COOPERATIVE ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT HIGHLIGHTS Current Conditions ARMY CUTWORM damaging in certain areas of South Dakota, Nebraska, Wyoming, and Colorado. (p. 353). ENGLISH GRAIN APHID increasing on wheat in northwest Arkansas; HESSIAN FLY moderate to severe on wheat in Dougherty County, Georgia. (p. 354). ALFALFA WEEVIL activity increasing in Pennsylvania and Indiana; also reported from other States. (p. 355). CABBAGE LOOPER heavy on lettuce in Mesilla and Rincon Valleys, New Mexico. @rs59)e: STRAWBERRY CROWN MOTH damage on strawberries heavy in Washington County and serious in Malheur County, Oregon. (p. 361). HORN FLY very heavy in north-central Oklahoma. (p. 364). ARMYWORM light trap collections continue high in Texas and Missouri. (p. 367). Detection LARGE MANGO TIP BORER reported for first time in Hawaii. This species is not known to occur in continental United States and is a new Western Hemisphere record. (p. 366). An APHID in Utah new State record. (p. 360). For new county records see page 360. Predictions ALFALFA WEEVIL egg laying expected heavy with favorable temperatures in Illinois. (p. 355). CEREAL LEAF BEETLE damage to oats predicted in northwestern Ohio. (p. 365). Special Reports Distribution of Alfalfa Weevil (map). (p. 368). Survey Methods. Selected References 1959. Part VII (pp. 369-376). Insects Not Known to Occur in the United States i Orange Blossom Bug (Dionconotus cruentatus (Brullé)) (pp. 377-378). Reports in this issue are for week ending April 26 unless otherwise indicated. = Sol = = 86) o CONTENTS Special Insects of Regional Significance............. 5 Cad. CRCRORCNERCNE. Core CVG a0 ,0'0!0.0.0'0 0 353 Insects Affecting Corn, Sorghum, Sugarcane...........303 General Vegetables...............-. 358 SMAI Crab ooooocdococo000Sd00 ooo owed! Deciduous Fruits and Nuts.........359 Turf, Pastures, Rangeland...... «+ 2 0 d04 (CilmiellScoocodoodu0doKdd ado DOODD OOOO 361 Forage Legumes. ..... seen 90000000800) Simeylal ebb eS o5 colo oa 66 goo0000000000 361 Cotitoneyy ser Bla oie. Ola 6 odd0GDb000 S06 0maeY Ornamentals......... ai iateaterig faas arene aes 362 Sugarbeets..... 0:8:0,0:0'0:0.0'0'0 Boo a bio Cees Forest and Shade TreeS.........e. ~362 Potatoes, Tomatoes, RepeORE - eee ESO Many and) Anaimaillsiin. ict ieteneienelevelicnenienento OS) Beans and Peas.........-.. ogudoa0g -308 Households and Structures.........364 COLE GeojSccoodsoodoonno0000 000K OS. Miscellaneous Wild Plants......... 364 CUCUROESDS 550000 o00000000 Geo 0b 6066 Gees INSEecit De Geciba OMnlesteienencvonencvoneno rele) eheitel © 61016 0'0:0.0 9000000 pod0DDODOOODO DDD O COCO DODO ODDO S -360 Corrections...... SOUUU ECU AES OOO 6 Go0DG0000 00000000 01060000 COI PEO AID 0.0.0.0'0:0.0'0 00 360 Beneficial Insects....... COOdODOOODO OOO dO OOaN0 O01010. 0 He O16 O16 IC IEE Gholoa.0 1060.06 364 Federal and State Plant Protection Programs.......... DOUc DDK DOOD UDO Oo bOODNDCON 365 Hawaritiaeins ce citaeR ep Oritircienevenensteneleienene oddcoodo00d0R eielielihenoleveieh ch eleielleteleh ch smonchouen cu Melmenenene ne melo 0 Lenten apm Come citHionSineuuetsracitenertencislicnelererevenelenene sie\ieileh Shevvalacierla:ieVauaeceltatelelin sduielistoneh ene me en OneRTS OMG Distribution of Alfalfa Weevil (map)..... So crolo olorol OLatG site akometrelts Suances «telomere 368 Survey Methods. Selected References 1959. ‘part VIL. podddDobuOUDOO So ac000mee) Insects Not Known to Occur in the United States Orange Blossom Bug (Dionconotus cruentatus (Brule pee RO OCT iGO imi oe WEATHER OF THE WEEK ENDING APRIL 29 HIGHLIGHTS: Cool weather prevailed over most of the United States. Beneficial rains fell over the eastern half of the Nation. Killer tornadoes hit Ohio and Kentucky. PRECIPITATION: The Far Northwest received showers early in the week. Amounts exceeded 1 inch along the coast and in parts of the Cascades. Only light rains or scattered showers occurred elsewhere from the Pacific Ocean to the western Great Plains except light to moderate snow in the Colorado Rockies. Light snow fell above about 6,000 feet in Arizona. Rains fell early in the week in the central Great Plains when moderate to heavy showers sent a few streams in central and eastern Iowa to flood stages. Heavy snow on Tuesday and Wednesday blocked roads and closed schools in northeastern Minnesota. Rains early in the week and weekend showers left totals ranging from 1 to more than 3 inches from northeastern Texas to the southern Appalachians. Rains in the Northeast and along the Atlantic coast came mostly in the latter half of the week. Portions of western New England, where little rain had fallen in several weeks, received 2 to 3 inches with some local flooding. Florida's central east coast received scattered showers late in the week. Killer tornadoes struck Ohio and Kentucky on Tuesday. Five tornadoes in Ohio killed 9 persons, injured about 50, and caused more than $3 million property damage. Three tornadoes occurred in Kentucky. They caused several million dollars of property damage, killed 6 persons, and injured at least 100 persons. Other tornadoes occurred in Oklahoma (on Monday) and in Michigan (on Tuesday). Large hail fell from some of the tornadoes and severe thunderstorms on Tuesday. Damaging wind and hail reports came from Wisconsin and Michigan southward to Tennessee and Virginia. Weather of the Week continued on page 367. = 353 - SPECIAL INSECTS OF REGIONAL SIGNIFICANCE ARMY CUTWORM (Chorizagrotis auxiliaris) - NORTH DAKOTA - Ranged up to 3 (average 0.6) per square foot in 86 percent Of winter wheat fields in Hettinger, Slope, and Bowman Counties. Damage generally light in 40 percent of fields; economic in 15 percent. (Brandvik). SOUTH DAKOTA - Damaged alfalfa north of Whitewood, Lawrence County, and near Sturgis, Meade County. (Rezek). Damaged winter wheat near White River, Mellette County; near Philip, Haakon County; near New Underwood, Pennington County; northwest of Presho, Lyman County; and north of Winner, Tripp County. Found on winter wheat in Stanley, Meade, Harding, and Butte Counties. Over 1,000 acres of winter wheat treated in Lyman, Lyman County; controls applied to additional acreages in Lyman and Stanley Counties. (Jenson et al.). NEBRASKA - Negative in 5 fields in Lancaster County. (Keith). Damaged alfalfa in Dawson and Kearney Counties (Stevens, Burnham) and wheat in Cheyenne County (Liljegren). WYOMING - Heavy, 0-4 per square foot on winter wheat and 0-7 on alfalfa in Crook County; larvae smaller in size in alfalfa. Controls applied to some fields. (Parshall). COLORADO - Larvae of this species and Agrotis orthogonia extensively damaged wheat in Adams, Arapahoe, Lincoln, Logan, WaShington, Weld, and Yuma Counties. Ranged 1-7 per foot of drill row; 0-4 in treated fields. C. auxiliaris mostly later instars. Up to 1 per row foot in Sedgwick and Phillips Counties. (Alldredge et al.). ARMYWORM (Pseudaletia unipuncta) - VIRGINIA - Normal in Accomack County light traps. (Hofmaster, Apr. 19) ASTER LEAFHOPPER (Macrosteles fascifrons) - WISCONSIN - Averaged 1 per 100 sweeps on Grant County rye. Wis. Ins. Sur. CORN EARWORM (Heliothis zea) - ALABAMA - Moths from.overwintering pupae in flight statewide. Some egg laying in central area on rosebuds and crimson clover; some first and second instars on young Lee County corn. (McQueen). ARKANSAS - Second instars averaged 4 per 100 sweeps in alfalfa in Washington County. (Boyer). ARIZONA - Damaged citrus where weeds and other plants present in Maricopa County; iH. zea moved from infested plants to fruit. CArizeeCoop.Sux.)) i CORN LEAF APHID (Rhopalosiphum maidis) - ARIZONA - Present in boot-stage grain in Yuma County; evident in Maricopa and Pinal Counties. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). GREENBUG (Schizaphis graminum) - OKLAHOMA - Activity generally decreased through out State. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). NEBRASKA - Light, 0-8 (average 2) per 20 sweeps in 8 fields in Saunders and Lancaster Counties. (Keith). PAINTED LADY (Vanessa cardui) - CALIFORNIA - Larvae moderate on Amsinckia sp. in Kerman, Fresno County. This is migration year and great flights are moving north across State. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). POTATO PSYLLID (Paratrioza cockerelli) - ARIZONA - Present on tomatoes and potatoes in Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). SPOTTED ALFALFA APHID (Therioaphis maculata) - NEW MEXICO - Generally light in alfalfa at Roswell, Chaves County. (Mathews). NEBRASKA - None found in 5 alfalfa fields in Lancaster County. (Keith). Total of 3 aphids taken in 2,000 sweeps in 16 alfalfa fields in Dawson County. (Manglitz). ARKANSAS - Survey negative in northwest area. (Boyer). CORN, SORGHUM, SUGARCANE LESSER CORNSTALK BORER (Elasmopalpus lignosellus) - FLORIDA - Larvae tunneling in bases of corn plants on several hundred acres near Polk City, Polk County. (Hunter). EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) - DELAWARE - Pupation avceaeed 45 percent in Kent and Sussex Counties. (Burbutis). = 354 - SEED-CORN MAGGOT (Hylemya platura) - NEW JERSEY - Total of 530 taken on 6 sticky- boards at Cedarville April 22. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). SEED-CORN BEETLE (Agonoderus lecontei) - MICHIGAN - Heavy in blacklight trap in Ingham County. (Janes, Apr. SMALL GRAINS ENGLISH GRAIN APHID (Macrosiphum avenae) - ARKANSAS - Increase continues, 500- 600 per 100 sweeps, in wheat in northwest area; noneconomic. Very little wheat heading in area. (Boyer). Heavier, up to 25 per head, in headed wheat in eastern area; some fields treated in Crittenden County. (Barnes). NEBRASKA - Ranged 0-3 (average 1.5) per 20 sweeps in 8 wheat fields in Saunders and Lancaster Counties. (Keith). ILLINOIS - Ranged 10-50 in western area. (Ill. Ins. Rpt.). WISCONSIN - Averaged 3 per 100 sweeps on Grant County rye. (Wis. IMs eSuee)ie APHIDS - OREGON - Very high on fall-planted cereals in several areas of Willamette Valley; alates migrating into spring-planted barley. Heavy winter survival on perennial grasses. (Dickason). PALE WESTERN CUTWORM (Agrotis orthogonia) - NEBRASKA - Damaged wheat in Cheyenne, Kimball, and Scotts Bluff Counties; 0-8 per foot of drill row. Mostly third and fourth instars in area. (Hagen, Liljegren). WYOMING - Larvae averaged 1 per linear foot in 10-acre winter wheat field in Platte County. (Parshall). (Also see army cutworm on page 353). WHEAT HEAD ARMYWORM (Faronta diffusa) - OHIO - Adult flight begun in Wayne County April 19. (Rings). SEED-CORN BEETLE (Agonoderus lecontei) - OHIO - Adults in soil in wheat field in Pickaway County March 29. (Blair, Stewart). Adults first appeared in blacklight trap collection in Franklin County April 11-18. (Rose). CORN FLEA BEETLE (Chaetocnema pulicaria) - ILLINOIS - Ranged 0-10 per 100 sweeps on western area wheat. Gills anssaerkptes SOUTHERN GREEN STINK BUG (Nezara viridula) - FLORIDA - Adults of this species 5-6 per 100 sweeps and Euschistus servus 3 per 100 sweeps on mature oats at Gaines- ville, Alachua County. (Mead). HESSIAN FLY (Mayetiola destructor) - GEORGIA - Moderate to severe on 900 acres of wheat in Dougherty County. (Hays). BROWN WHEAT MITE (Petrobia latens) - COLORADO - Ranged up to 10 per leaf east of Idalia, Yuma County; up to 3 per leaf north of Otis, Washington County. Scattered and noneconomic in area. (Jenkins, Johnson). TURF, PASTURES, RANGELAND A BILLBUG (Sphenophorus venatus confluens) - OREGON - Becoming important pest of orchard grasses in western area; heaviest around Corvallis, Benton County. Damage more evident in fields 3 years and older. Adults averaged 2 and 3 per square yard in test plots. (Kamm). SAY STINK BUG (Pitedia sayi) - NEVADA - Nymphs heavy on various range plants in Clark County. Johnson, Zoller). TWO-LINED SPITTLEBUG (Prosapia bicincta) - FLORIDA - First adult of season taken in blacklight trap at Gainesville, Alachua County. (Mead). = 359 = A THRIPS (Rhipidothrips brunneus) - CALIFORNIA - Nymphs and adults moderate in pasture grasses in El Dorado, El Dorado County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). MITES - NEBRASKA - Total of 1,200 taken in 60 Sweeps in bromegrass pasture in Lancaster County. (Keith). SOUTH CAROLINA - Bryobia praetiosa very heavy in central area; becoming increasingly important in State. (Nettles et al., Apr. 24). FORAGE LEGUMES ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - NEW YORK - Adults 6 per 50 sweeps in 2 alfalfa fields in Erie County April 19; no eggs evident. Adults 2 per 50 sweeps in field in Ithaca, Tompkins County, April 21. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt.). PENNSYLVANIA - Mostly first and second instars numerous in alfalfa tips in Dauphin County April 18. Adults 0.5 per sweep; activity increasing. Egg laying currently very heavy in new stems in Dauphin County. (Hower). NEW JERSEY - Larvae difficult to find in southern counties as of April 24. Adults averaged 35 and larvae 50 per 100 sweeps near Mickleton; larval damage insignificant. Alfalfa growth 12-18 inches in area. Delay in appearence in 1968 probably due to extensive kill of overwintering eggs in January. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). MARYLAND - Generally spotty throughout State; development rapid. Spraying under- way in central and eastern areas. Larvae averaged 120 per 10 sweeps in fields in Cambridge, Dorchester County; terminal damage 70-80 percent. Terminal damage ranged 30-40 percent in Wicomico County field. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). VIRGINIA - Larvae averaged 500 and adults 10 per 100 sweeps in 80-acre alfalfa field in Mecklenburg County. (Allen). OHIO - Larvae and alfalfa damage increased in southern half of State. Larvae ranged 2-30 (average 12) per sweep and 1-5 (Average 3) per stem in 5 fields in Scioto, Ross, Lawrence, Gallia, and Washington Counties; some controls applied in south-central counties. All instars present in area. Alfalfa growth in south 12-18 inches. (Rose). Adult activity and egg laying evident in Wayne, Holmes, Ashland, and Medina Counties; larval feeding begun in some Wayne County fields. Larvae active much earlier than in 1967; leaf damage up to 50+ percent. Alfalfa growth 10 inches in Wayne County April 19. (Glass). No egg hatch as of April 22 in Medina County (Thoburn); larval feeding in Belmont and Fairfield Counties (Brown, Taylor). INDIANA - Economic throughout southern third of State. Larvae ranged 1-7 per stem on 40-100 percent of alfalfa; heaviest in south-central and southeastern districts. Feeding 5 damage ranged 20-80 percent; up to 25 percent silver-tip injury in most heavily infested fields. Fourth and fifth instars comprised 20-30 percent of larvae in alfalfa samples collected throughout southern third; other larvae mostly first and second instars. Adults ranged 100-200 per 100 sweeps throughout southern third; 30-50 percent of adults mating. In central third, larvae ranged 2-9 per square foot and adult activity increased greatly. Adults ranged 122-178 per 100 sweeps; 25 percent of adults mating. Larvae generally increased rapidly throughout southern third; mating and egg laying in southern two-thirds of State. Development based on occurrence of equal population densities and infestation rates 2-3 weeks behind in southern third; similar to 1967 in central area. (Huber). ILLINOIS - Range and (average) of H. postica per 100 sweeps in alfalfa by area: Central - larvae 0-8 (4), adults 0-5 (2.5); west-southwest - larvae 0-150 (41), adults 0-30 (3); southwest - larvae 0-4,600 (1,176), adults 0-150 (37); east- southeast - larvae 100-300 (200), adults 0-3 (1.5); southeast - larvae 7-3,600 (2,366), adults 8-40 (24). Terminal damage averaged 6 percent in west-southwest, 62 percent in southwest, and 9 percent in east-southeast. Eggs ranged from 11 to 57-135 per square foot in State. (Ill. Ins. Rpt.). Egg laying and feeding slowed by cool weather; heavy egg laying expected with favorable temperatures. Second field treatments anticipated south of line from Harrisburg to Carbondale week of April 29. Adults, eggs, and full-grown larvae in area; damage evident and will increase in untreated fields. Many fields treated north of above line - 356 - and south of line from Nashville to Mt. Vernon. Few fields treated north to U.S. Highway 50 where larvae readily found and expected to increase. Development very much slower than expected north of U.S. Highway 50 and almost up to U.S. Highway 40; even slower north of U.S. Highway 40 and south of line from Watseka to Springfield to Hardin. (111. Ins. Bull.). ARKANSAS - Specimens collected in Logan County for new county record. Larvae averaged 3 per 100 sweeps in Washington County field. (Boyer). Buildup slower and more drawn out in northeast area than in 1967. (Miner). MISSOURI - Larvae 70-90 per sweep on some southeast area alfalfa (Keaster); adults 5 and larvae 20 per 25 sweeps in Stone County alfalfa field (Craig). NEBRASKA - Surveys negative in 16 fields in Dawson and panhandle counties. (Manglitz, Hagen). SOUTH DAKOTA - Adults taken on stickyboard traps in field near Spearfish, Lawrence County, March 30-April 22. (Jones). WYOMING - Adults difficult to find on Platte and Goshen County alfalfa; alfalfa growth 2 inches. (Parshall). CLOVER LEAF WEEVIL (Hypera punctata) - VIRGINIA - Larvae damaged 25 percent of leaves in 2-acre red clover field in Mecklenburg County. (Allen). ILLINOIS - Larvae ranged 0-20 per square foot in southwest (average 4) and west-southwest (average 7) areas; 4-20 (average 9) per square foot in western area. (Ill. Ins. Rpt.). Decreased in red clover; larval disease widespread in some fields. (111. Ins. Bull.). OKLAHOMA - Larvae averaged 2 and adults one per 10 square feet in Payne County alfalfa field. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). WYOMING - Larvae averaged less than 1 per square foot in Platte and Goshen County alfalfa. (Parshall). CLOVER HEAD WEEVIL (Hypera meles) - MISSOURI - Adult collected in Taney County, April 15, 1968, by J. Hubbard. This is a new county record. (Munson). SWEETCLOVER WEEVIL (Sitona cylindricollis) - NEBRASKA - Damage evident on sweet-— clover in eastern area. (Keith) . PEA APHID (Acyrthosiphon pisum) - MARYLAND - Counts per 10 sweeps ranged 30-50 in alfalfa field near Cambridge, Dorchester County, and 20-30 in red clover around Salisbury, Wicomico County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). VIRGINIA - Adults and nymphs 200 per 100 sweeps in l-acre red clover field in Mecklenburg County. (Allen). INDIANA - Ranged 0-6 per 10 sweeps throughout southern half of State. (Huber). ILLINOIS - Ranged 1-3 per sweep in south half of State. Gala eins Rpt.). NEBRASKA - Ranged 12-160 (average 45) per 10 sweeps in 5 alfalfa fields in Lancaster County; highest count in alfalfa field near Lincoln. (Keith). Total of 6 aphids taken in 2,000 sweeps in 16 alfalfa fields in Dawson County. (Manglitz). MISSOURI -.Counts per 10 sweeps averaged 330 in southwest alfalfa field (Craig) and 255 in south-central alfalfa (Munson). MISSISSIPPI - Moderate, 10 per square foot, on Oktibbeha County alfalfa. (Dinkins). ARKANSAS - Counts per sweep ranged 20-25 in alfalfa and 25-30 in vetch in northwest area. Percent winged forms 5 percent compared with 20 percent last week; 20-25 percent of aphids parasitized. (Boyer). OKLAHOMA - Averaged 125 per 10 square feet of crown in Payne County alfalfa. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). NEW MEXICO - Averaged 0.25 teaspoonful per 50 sweeps in alfalfa at Tularosa, Otero County (Elson); gener- ally light in alfalfa at Roswell, Chaves County (Mathews). ARIZONA - Ranged 400- 500 per 100 sweeps in alfalfa in Roll and Yuma area, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). 4 MEADOW SPITTLEBUG (Philaenus spumarius) - OHIO - Hatch in progress; first nymphs of season in southern area April 9. Nymphs in Putnam County April 19. (Nicholson). First and second instars light on south-central area alfalfa. (Rose). INDIANA - Spittle masses averaged 2 per stem on 40-70 percent of alfalfa in southeast district. (Huber). a LEAFHOPPERS - VIRGINIA - Adults averaged 120 per 100 sweeps in 50-acre Botetourt County clover field. (Allen, Apr. 16). MARYLAND - Aceratagallia sanguinolenta ranged 50-60 per 10 sweeps in red clover field near Salisbury, Wicomico County. (UR Md Frnt. Depit.)y. - 357 - LYGUS BUGS (Lygus spp.) - ARIZONA - Mostly adults ranged 60-150 per 100 sweeps in alfalfa in Yuma and Roll areas, Yuma County; heavier in Roll area. Ranged 80-100 per 100 sweeps in alfalfa in Pinal County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). NEW MEXICO - Averaged 2-6 per 25 sweeps in alfalfa at Roswell, Chaves County (Mathews) and 3 per 50 sweeps at Tularosa, Otero County (Elson). ILLINOIS - L. lineolaris adults ranged 10-60 per 100 sweeps on alfalfa in southern half of State. (111. Ins. Rpt.). NOCTUID MOTHS - ARIZONA - Spodoptera exigua counts per 100 sweeps on alfalfa averaged 20 in Pinal County and 150-175 in Yuma County. Prodenia ornithogalli ranged 30-100 per 100 sweeps in Pinal County alfalfa. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). OREGON - Newly emerged Autographa californica adults taken in light traps at Hermiston, Umatilla County. (Goeden). COTTON BOLL WEEVIL (Anthonomus grandis) - ALABAMA - Negative in 2-leaf cotton on 4 farms in Monroe County. (Gamble). None in 2-leaf cotton on 2 farms in Covington County; one farm replanted. First weevils of season averaged 75 per acre in 8-acre field at Red Level, Montgomery County. (Pike). BOLLWORMS (Heliothis spp.) - ALABAMA - H. virescens and H. zea moths light and laying eggs on legumes. (McQueen). THRIPS (Frankliniella spp.) - ARIZONA - Light in untreated field in Graham County; damaged untreated plants in Maricopa, Pinal, and Yuma Counties. Weather unfavor- able for cotton and plants vulnerable to damage. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). SUGARBEETS BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) - ARIZONA - Counts per 100 sweeps averaged 20 in Pinal County and 2-4 on seedlings in Graham County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). SUGAR-BEET WIREWORM (Limonius californicus) - COLORADO - Larvae ranged O-1 per Square foot in old fields north of Windsor, Weld County. (Johnson, Apr. 19). SUGAR-BEET ROOT MAGGOT (Tetanops myopaeformis) - COLORADO - Larvae and pupae up to 4 per square foot in old Weld County fields. (Alldredge). POTATOES, TOMATOES, PEPPERS POTATO TUBERWORM (Phthorimaea operculella) - ALABAMA - Only 1 larva observed in numerous visits to commercial Southwest potato-producing area. This specimen in leaves of volunteer potatoes at Atmore, Escambia County. General sanitary measures in 1967 and treatment of several thousand acres past 30 days responsible for almost complete elimination of pest in 1968. (Leeper et al.). TOMATO FRUITWORM (Heliothis zea) - ARIZONA - Present on some Yuma County tomato plants. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). COLORADO POTATO BEETLE (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) - VIRGINIA - Overwintered adults feeding on newly emerged potatoes in Southern Northampton County. (Hofmaster, Apr. 19). ALABAMA - Overwintered adults light in some isolated Baldwin County potato plantings; feeding and egg laying evident. Seldom major problem due to consistent effective controls. (Leeper, Smith). MISSISSIPPI - Heavy, 4 per 6-inch eggplant, in 0.25-acre Simpson County field. (Brown et al.). FLEA BEETLES - ARIZONA - Chaetocnema spp. on bell peppers in Yuma County; controls applied. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). GEORGIA - Epitrix cucumeris severe on potatoes in Spalding County. (Dupree). =308) = BEANS AND PEAS BEAN LEAF BEETLE (Cerotoma trifurcata) - ALABAMA - Light to medium with feeding on young snap beans and peas in southwest commercial plantings. (Leeper et al.). MISSISSIPPI - Heavy, 10 per plant, on acre of 8 to 10-inch-high string beans in Simpson County. (Brown et ai.). MEXICAN BEAN BEETLE (Epilachna varivestis) - ALABAMA - Adults light but widespread on beans in commercial and home garden plantings in Union Church community and most of southern Mobile County. (Seibels, Bolton). PEA APHID (Acyrthosiphon pisum) - OKLAHOMA - Averaged 15 per plant on peas in Payne County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). COWPEA APHID (Aphis craccivora) - ALABAMA - Very heavy and widespread on cowpeas in Union Church community, Mobile County. (Bolton, Seibels). BEAN APHID (Aphis fabae) = ALABAMA - Very heavy and widespread on all beans in Union Church community, Mobile County. (Bolton, Seibels). SPIDER MITES - GEORGIA - Heavy on peas in Wilcox County. (Barber). COLE CROPS IMPORTED CABBAGEWORM (Pieris rapae) - GEORGIA - Moderate to heavy on cabbage in Spalding County. (Dupree). POTATO APHID (Macrosiphum euphorbiae) - CALIFORNIA - This species and Myzus persicae medium on 5-acre radish planting in Fresno, Fresno County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). CUCURBITS SQUASH BEETLE (Epilachna borealis) - ALABAMA - Adults still in hibernation under pine bark on trees in Brookley Field area, Mobile County; emergence usually. late in this area. (Bolton et al.). STRIPED CUCUMBER BEETLE (Acalymma vittatum) - MISSISSIPPI - Heavy, 20 per squash plant, in 0.5-acre Simpson County field; controls applied. Plants in bloom and fruiting. (Brown et al.). FLEA BEETLES (Chaetocnema spp.) - ARIZONA - Controls applied to cantaloups in Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). MELON APHID (Aphis gossypii) - ARIZONA - Controls applied to some fields in Yuma County, —. ArazesCooprsisureys- WESTERN FLOWER THRIPS (Frankliniella occidentalis) - CALIFORNIA - This species and Entomobrya unostrigata _ (a Springtail) moderate on 40 acres of cantaloups in Dos Palos, Fresno County. (Cally (Coop Rpt. GENERAL VEGETABLES SOUTHERN POTATO WIREWORM (Conoderus falli) - SOUTH CAROLINA - In blacklight traps at Charleston for weeks ending April 7 -— 578, April 14 - 401, April 21 - 1,731. (Cuthbert). ASPARAGUS BEETLE (Crioceris asparagi) - NEW JERSEY - Numerous in Gloucester County fields April 23. (ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). = 359 = CABBAGE LOOPER (Trichoplusia ni) - NEW MEXICO - Heavy on lettuce in Mesilla and Rincon Valleys; controls underway. (Campbell). BLACK CUTWORM (Agrotis ipsilon) - MICHIGAN - First of season at blacklight station April 21 in Livingston County. (Janes). ONION MAGGOT (Hylemya antiqua) - NEW JERSEY - Total of 280 collected on 6 sticky- boards at Cedarville April 22. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). DECIDUOUS FRUITS AND NUTS CODLING MOTH (Carpocapsa pomonella) - INDIANA - Pupation in 7 of 10 cocoons in Vincennes area; adults negative in sex lure traps, light traps, and bait jars. (Dolphin, Apr. 22). NEW YORK - First pupae of season April 15 under tree bands in eastern area; normal date April 20. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt.). ORIENTAL FRUIT MOTH (Grapholitha molesta) - INDIANA - First adult of season collected in bait jar April 19 in Vincennes area; appearance 13 days later than in 1967. Total of 27 moths collected in 4 bait stations in one orchard. (Dolphin). RED-BANDED LEAF ROLLER (Argyrotaenia velutinana) - INDIANA - Total of 477 males taken compared with 1,435 collected previous period in Vincennes area. (Dolphin, Apr. 22). NEW YORK - Many moths attracted to pheromone traps in eastern area orchards; only few taken in sugar-baited traps. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt., Apr. 22). FRUIT-TREE LEAF ROLLER (Archips argyrospilus) - CONNECTICUT - Egg hatch begun on apple trees in Storrs, Middlefield, and Cheshire; larval damage in Storrs and Cheshire. (Savos, Apr. 23). PEACH TREE BORER (Sanninoidea exitiosa) - INDIANA - Full-grown larvae in cocoons at base of peach trees in Vincennes area. (Dolphin, Apr. 22). FALL CANKERWORM (Alsophika pometaria) - PENNSYLVANIA - First larvae of season on crab apple April 20 in Northumberland County. (Gesell). A PHYCITID MOTH (Acrobasis tricolorella) - MICHIGAN - Overwintering larvae in webs in cherry trees in Hart and Shelby area, Oceana County. Larvae beginning to appear in Traverse City; controls applied April 22-28. Infestations lighter than last year. (Wooley). CLIMBING CUTWORMS - MICHIGAN - Much injury on apple, plums, and other tree fruit crops. (Wooley). PEAR PSYLLA (Psylla pyricola) - CONNECTICUT - Eggs abundant in Storrs and Middle- field. (Savos, Apr. 23). NEW YORK - First egg hatch April 20 in Monroe and Orleans Counties. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt.). MICHIGAN - Heavier than normal in Traverse City orchards. (Wooley, Apr. 22). ROSY APPLE APHID (Dysaphis plantaginea) - PENNSYLVANIA - Stem mothers rapidly producing young on apple trees in Adams County; pears and peaches in full bloom. (Asqueth, Apr. 17). NEW YORK - First of season April 15 in Ulster County. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt.). WHITE PEACH SCALE (Pseudaulacaspis pentagona) - GEORGIA - Egg hatch begun on peach trees in Spalding County. (Tippins) . TARNISHED PLANT BUG (Lygus lineolaris) - CONNECTICUT - Abundant on apple trees in Middlefield, Southington, Cheshire, and Lyme areas; evident on pear trees in Glastonbury area. (Savos, Apr.. 23). = 360 - EUROPEAN RED MITE (Panonychus ulmi) - CONNECTICUT - Overwintering egg hatch 95 percent complete on apple trees in Storrs, Tolland County; hatch begun in Cheshire and Middlefield area. No hatch in Woodstock and Bantam areas. (Savos, Apr. 23). NEW YORK - Overwintering eggs heavy in Monroe and Orleans Counties. Egg hatch begun April 15 in Ireland Corners, Ulster County; 50 percent complete April 19. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt.). NEW JERSEY - Newly hatched larvae easily found on apple from Middlesex County south April 23. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). PENNSYLVANIA - Egg hatch 50+ percent on apple trees in Adams County; apples in full pink stage. (Asqueth, Apr. 17). DELAWARE - Newly hatched nymphs on apples in New Castle County. (Kelsey). OHIO - Egg hatch 50 percent complete in apple orchard in Fairfield County April 24; early varieties of apples blooming in central area. (Holdsworth). Hatch 30-40 percent complete in Wayne County. (Forsythe). INDIANA - Egg hatch nearly complete in Vincennes area; larvae up to 30 per leaf on untreated apples. Light, 0-2 per leaf, in some peach trees. (Dolphin, Apr. 22). MICHIGAN - Hatch in southwest area. Severe on cherries, peaches, plums, and prunes; heavier than normal. (Wooley, Apr. 22). AN APHID (Monelliopsis tuberculata) - UTAH - Collected from black walnut at Washington, Washington County, June 13, 1957, by G.F. Knowlton. Det. by T.L. Bissell. This is a new State record. Taken on black walnut at Logan, Cache County, June 9, 1963. Det. by L.M. Russell. Collected on black walnut during 1966 by G.F. Knowlton in Carbon, San Juan, Box Elder, Emery, Davis, Millard, Weber, Utah, Uintah, Salt Lake, and Grand Counties. Det. by T.L. Bissell. Taken by G.F. Knowlton during 1967 as the dominant aphid species in all parts of State where black walnut examined. Det. by A.G. Robinson and C.F. Smith. (Roberts). FILBERT APHID (Myzocallis coryli) - OREGON - First young and alates on underside of leaves in filbert orchards April 16 in Marion and Lane Counties. (Jones). INSECT DETECTION New State Records LARGE MANGO TIP BORER (Bombotelia jocosatrix (Guenée) ) - HAWAII - Two adults taken at light in Punahou area of Honolulu, Oahu, in early April. Det. by M. Chong, confirmed by E.L. Todd. This is also a new Western Hemisphere record. (P. 366). An APHID (Monelliopsis tuberculata) - UTAH - Collected from black walnut at Washington, Washington County, June 13, 1957, by G.F. Knowlton. Det. by T.L. Bisse Gp 360) New County Records ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - ARKANSAS - Logan County. (P. 356). CLOVER HEAD WEEVIL (Hypera meles) - MISSOURI - Taney County. (p. 356). An ARMORED SCALE (Chionaspis longiloba) - FLORIDA - Polk County. (p. 363). BROWN RECLUSE SPIDER (Loxosceles reclusa) - ALABAMA - Bibb and Bullock Counties. (p. 364). CORRECTIONS CEIR 18(15):281 - ROCKY MOUNTAIN WOOD TICK (Dermacentor andersoni) in North Dakota should read WINTER TICK (Dermacentor albipictus). (Brandvik). CEIR 18(16):306 - CUTWORMS (Agrotis orthogonia) -—- NEBRASKA - Change absent in Keith, Duel, Cheyenne, and Kimball Counties to undetected in Keith, Cheyenne, Duel, and Kimball Counties. - 361 - CITRUS Citrus Insect Situation in Florida - Mid-April - CITRUS RUST MITE (Phyllocoptruta oleivora) infested 70 percent of groves (norm 58 percent); 47 percent economic (norm 36 percent). Population similar to that of late March; above average and in high range. Slight decrease expected. Highest districts south, central, and west. TEXAS CITRUS MITE (Eutetranychus banksi) infested 37 percent of groves (norm 37 percent); 12 percent economic (norm 16 percent). At normal low level for April. Further increase expected; some heavy infestations will develop. Highest districts east and south, CITRUS RED MITE (Panonychus citri) infested 43 percent of groves (norm 45 percent); 12 percent economic (norm 16 percent). Population in low range and slightly below normal. Statewide population expected to decrease slightly, but some local infestations will increase, Highest district east. SIX-SPOTTED MITE (Eotetranychus sexmaculatus) infested 4 percent of groves and expected to continue below normal abundance and at very low level, GLOVER SCALE (Lepidosaphes gloverii) infested 80 percent of groves (norm 80 percent); 8 percent economic (norm 25 percent). Population below normal and moderate. Little change expected, Highest districts east, central and south. PURPLE SCALE (L. beckii) infested 65 percent of groves (norm 84 percent); 1 per- cent economic (norm 14 percent). Population below normal and low. Slight increase expected, Highest district west. CHAFF SCALE (Parlatoria pergandii) infested 68 percent of groves (norm 71 percent); 3 percent economic (norm 14 percent). Below average and at low level in all districts. Further decrease expected, YELLOW SCALE (Aonidiella citrina) infested 66 percent of groves (norm 65 percent); 2 per- cent economic (norm 13 percent). Population below normal and low. Little change expected, Highest district east. BLACK SCALE (Saissetia oleae) infested 34 per- cent of groves (norm 32 percent); 14 percent economic (norm 10 percent). Popula- tion slightly above average for April but in low range. Increase expected early in May. Highest districts east and central. An ARMORED SCALE (Unaspis citri) infested 15 percent of groves; increase expected. APHIDS infested 16 percent of groves, about half of normal percentage for April. Most infestations expected to be light and of short duration, WHITEFLIES near normal and at moderate level. Increase expected in May. MEALYBUGS currently at very low level, Strong increase expected at mid-May. (W.A, Simanton (Citrus Expt. Sta., Lake Alfred)). CITRUS RED MITE (Panonychus citri) - ARIZONA - Controls continue in many orchards on Yuma Mesa. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). CITRUS THRIPS (Scirtothrips citri) - ARIZONA - Continue to appear in Yuma County; treatments in progress. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). SMALL FRUITS GRAPE PHYLLOXERA (Phylloxera vitifoliae) - ALABAMA - Galls light to medium on developing grape leaves in gardens statewide, especially in Lee County. (McQueen). STRAWBERRY CROWN MOTH (Ramosia bibionipennis) - OREGON - Damage heavy in Washing- ton County strawberry fields; virtually destroyed small isolated field of second- year Hood variety. Damage serious in Malheur County. (Goeden)., STRAWBERRY LEAF ROLLER (Ancylis comptana fragariae) - NEW JERSEY - Moths active; few eggs confined to older beds. Parasite control fair; noneconomic past few years, (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr,). OREGON - Adults flying April 7 in Washington County. (Goeden) . TWO-SPOTTED SPIDER MITE (Tetranychus urticae) - ALABAMA - Several hundred per leaf in isolated strawberry plants in Conecuh County field; damage heavy. (Oakley). 3 Oe A WHITEFLY (Trialeurodes ruborum) - CALIFORNIA - Nymphs, pupae, and adults moderate on boysenberries at Culver City, Los Angeles County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). ORNAMENTALS SPRUCE NEEDLE MINER (Taniva albolineana) - OREGON - Damage severe to ornamental spruce in localized sections of Hermiston, Umatilla County; some adult emergence. (Goeden) . A CHRYSAUGID MOTH (Galasa nigrinodis) - VIRGINIA - Larvae 0.25-inch-long and still active on English boxwood; overwintered at Richmond, Henrico County. (Weidhaas, Innes, Apr. 18). ARMORED SCALES - FLORIDA - Aspidiotus spinosus on boxwood at Apopka, Orange County, April 18. (Musgrove). IsSchnaSpis longirostris on Jasminum pubescens at nursery in Ft. Lauderdale, Broward County, April 9. (Clinton.). Both scales new Florida Department of Plant Industry host records. (Fla. Coop. Sur.). Many Pseudaonidia clavigera nymphs on 50 of 125 camellia plants at nursery in Springhead, Hillsborough County, April 17. (Vaughan). This is first occurrence at Springhead locality. (Fla. Coop. Sur.). CHRYSANTHEMUM APHID (Macrosiphoniella sanborni) - OKLAHOMA - Heavy, 100-500 per 4-inch plant, in Payne County. Okla. Coop. Sur.). A CHERMID (Adelges tsugae) - VIRGINIA - Hatch 50 percent complete; nymphs actively crawling at, Richmond, Henrico County. (Weidhaas, Innes, Apr. 18). WHITEFLIES - ALABAMA - Adults ranged 50-150 per gardenia leaf in numerous and widespread plantings throughout southern and central areas, Adults heavy in over half of plants examined at homes and around commercial buildings. Egg laying expected on new growth, (McQueen) . FOREST AND SHADE TREES OLETHREUTID MOTHS - OHIO - Taniva sp. severe, several hundred per tree, on sev- eral thousand white and Norway Spruce in Trumbull County. (Campbell, Apr. 19). INDIANA - Rhyacionia frustrana adults abundant on white pine at Evansville April U2). (Schuder). OREGON - R. buoliana pupae April 16 in Hermiston area, Umatilla County. (Goeden). i eas WEEVILS - INDIANA - First Hylobius pales adult of season in blacklight trap in Tippecanoe County April 10, (Schuder). OHIO - H, pales and Pissodes approximatus 1-8 per stump in all Scotch pine stumps in Christmas tree planting in Scioto County; H. pales dominant. Two-thirds of females mated, Adults 10 per stump in Scotch pine plantation in Coshocton County, (Campbell, Apr. 17). PINE BARK APHID (Pineus strobi) - OHIO - Eggs generally abundant on 2-3 acres of white pine plantation in Vinton County. (White, Apr. 17). VIRGINIA - Egg.hatch 25 percent complete on Caroline County white pine. (Eagar, Allen, Apr. 10). CONNECTICUT - Mostly eggs very abundant on many white, Scotch, and Austrian pines; hatch expected soon, (Savos, Apr. 24.). SPRUCE GALL APHIDS (Adelges spp.) - WISCONSIN - A. cooleyi eggs plentiful on Col- orado spruce at Madison; no hatch as of April 25. Overwintered females laid eggs on Douglas fir. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). PENNSYLVANIA - A. abietis egg laying by stem mothers April 19 on Colorado spruce in Bucks, Montgomery, Delaware, and Chester Counties. (Stearns). - 363 - AN ARMORED SCALE (Chionaspis longiloba) - FLORIDA - Collected on willow at Home- land, Polk County, April 11, 1968, McLeod, Schmidt). This is a new county record, (Fla. Coop. Sur.). AN APHID (Eulachnus agilis) - OHIO - Late instars heavy on Scotch pine in Summit County planting; lighter in Lake County. (Campbell). PENNSYLVANIA - First nymphs April 21 on McKean County pine. Infestation bears watching. (Adams). PINE SPITTLEBUG (Aphrophora parallela) - OHIO - Early instars beginning to form spittle masses April 22 on Scioto County Scotch pine, (Campbell). EUROPEAN PINE SAWFLY (Neodiprion sertifer) - OHIO - Eggs hatched; first instars on Scotch pine in Wood, Guernsey, and Coshocton Counties. Larvae common and potentially damaging in Coshocton County. (Jones et al., Apr. 17). NEW JERSEY - Feeding begun on Somerset County Scotch pine April 21, (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). CECIDOMYIID MIDGES (Contarinia spp.) - OREGON - Adults emerging in Douglas-fir Christmas tree plantings in Benton County, Extensively damaged plantings last year by yellowing and serious defoliation, (Nagle). SPRUCE SPIDER MITE (Oligonychus ununguis) - PENNSYLVANIA - Very active and almost full grown on Norway spruce in McKean County April 23; extremely early for this area. (Adams). INDIANA - Increasing throughout State. (Schuder). EASTERN TENT CATERPILLAR (Malacosoma americanum) - ILLINOIS - Common on trees, along roadsides, and wooded areas in south area, (Ill. Ins, Bull.). INDIANA - Nests conspicuous on wild cherry and unsprayed apple trees in Vincennes area, (Dolphin, Apr. 22), OHIO - Egg hatch statewide April 10-17; larvae fed espec- ially on wild cherry and flowering crab apple foliage in southern half of State and in Lorain and Cuyahoga Counties. Webbing very heavy on wild cherry in some south areas; development less advanced in north area. (Peacock et al.). Large populations established early this year; extensive defoliation of wild cherry and apple expected in southern, central, and eastern areas. Larvae 0.5-1.25 inches in Washington and other southern counties April 10-24, Migrated from wild cherry when foliage consumed. Large populations less prevalent than 1-2 years ago in Scioto, Lawrence, Gallia, Meigs, and Washington Counties; may be larger this year further north where infestations scattered and local 1-2 years ago. (Rose). NEW JERSEY - Active on wild cherry at Bloomingdale, Passaic County. Webbing well underway. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). FLORIDA - Common in black- light traps at Gainesville, Alachua County. (Habeck, Mead). TENT CATERPILLARS - SOUTH CAROLINA - Heavy on wild cherry throughout Piedmont. (Nettles et al., Apr. 24). MICHIGAN - Heavy in Traverse City area. (Wooley, Apr. 22). ELM LEAF BEETLE (Pyrrhalta luteola) - ARIZONA - Adults heavy on elm at Page, Coconino County; controls in progress, (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). CALIFORNIA - Adults medium on elm at Yreka, Siskiyou County; unusually early for this far north, Adults moving into elm in other areas; some larval activity evident. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). NEVADA - Adult emergence underway; feeding begun on elm foliage. (Bechtel, Lauderdale). LOCUST LEAF MINER (Xenochalepus dorsalis) - ALABAMA - Laid eggs; first instars mined leaves of black locust used as Shade trees in central and north areas, (McQueen) . GIANT BARK APHID (Longistigma caryae) - ARKANSAS - Present on trees in central area past 2-3 weeks; honey dew heavy under trees. (Barnes). MAN AND ANIMALS MOSQUITOES - MARYLAND - Aedes canadensis and A. sticticus biting at Green Castle - 364 - Manor, Prince Georges County. Several Aedes spp. emerging on Eastern Shore. Annoyance from early spring species expected to peak April 24-30 in lower Eastern Shore counties. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). SCREW-WORM (Cochliomyia hominivorax) -. Total of 22 cases reported in U.S, April 21-27 as follows: TEXAS - Atascosa 1, Cameron 1, Dimmit 1, DuVal 1, Frio l, Hidalgo 3, Jim Hogg 1, Jim Wells 2, Karnes 1, LaSalle 1, Live Oak 1, Maverick 1, Medina 1, Starr 3, ARIZONA - Pima 1, Yuma 2, Total of 371 cases reported in portion of Barrier Zone in Republic of Mexico as follows: Baja California 6, Territorio sur de Baja California 98, Sonora 125, Chihuahua 6, Coahuila 18, Nuevo Leon 16, Tamaulipas 102, Total of 16 cases reported in Mexico south of Barrier Zone. Barrier Zone is area where eradication operation underway to prevent establishment of self-sustaining population in U.S, Sterile screw-worm flies released: Texas 23,320,000; Arizona 300,000; California 300,000; Mexico 71,410,000, (Anim, Health Div.). HORN FLY (Haematobia irritans) - OKLAHOMA - Adults ranged 100-800 per head on mature cows in north-central area; up to 2,000per head on Payne County bulls. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). MISSISSIPPI - Adults averaged 250 per head on Oktibbeha County beef herd, (Hoelscher). FACE FLY (Musca autumnalis) - INDIANA - First activity at Clay City, Clay County, April 21. (Matthew). OREGON - Males present in Umatilla and Washington Counties April 1. Very light, less than 1 per head, April 22 in Hermiston area, Umatilla County. (Goeden). EYE GNATS - GEORGIA - Heavy in recreation areas and around homes in Tift, Irwin, and Ben Hill Counties; large swarms on food in recreation area at Hard Labor Creek State Park. (Snoddy). A BITING MIDGE (Culicoides variipennis) - CALIFORNIA - Annoying outdoors; enter- ing residences in Lake Highlands, Lake County. (Grodhouse, Doty). NORTHERN FOWL MITE (Ornithonyssus sylviarum) - ARKANSAS - Collected from range turkeys in Benton County. New host record for State. (Lancaster). BROWN RECLUSE SPIDER (Loxosceles reclusa) - ALABAMA - Several specimens collect- ed from Bibb County and one from Midway, Bullock County. These are new county records. Det. by W.J. Gertsch. (Odom et al.). HOUSEHOLDS AND STRUCTURES WHARF BORER (Nacerdes melanura) - NORTH DAKOTA - Adults in building at Fargo, Cass County; holeS in Supporting wood timbers. Controls applied. (McBride). - MISCELLANEOUS WILD PLANTS WHITE-LINED SPHINX (Celerio lineata) - NEVADA - First adults of season at light in southern Washoe County. (Nev. Coop. Rpt.). BENEFICIAL INSECTS LADY BEETLES - ARIZONA - Hippodamia convergens ranged 90-100 per 100 sweeps on Pinal County alfalfa. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). NEBRASKA - Lady beetles very light, less than 1 per 100 sweeps, on wheat and alfalfa in Saunders and Lancaster Counties, (Keith). ALABAMA - Overwintered Chilocorus stigma adults widespread on many ornamental shrubs in Decatur and other north areas; fed on various aphids. (Eich), VIRGINIA - Ceratomegilla maculata adults 10 per 100 sweeps in 1.5 acre Amherst County clover field, (Allen, Apr. 18). = 365 = DAMSEL BUGS (Nabis spp.) - NEBRASKA - Up to 5 (average 2) per 10 sweeps on wheat and alfalfa in Saunders and Lancaster Counties. (Keith). BIG-EYED BUGS (Geocoris spp.) - ARIZONA - Ranged 50-80 per 100 sweeps on Pinal County alfalfa. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). GREEN LACEWINGS (Chrysopa spp.) - NEBRASKA - Light, less than 1 per 20 sweeps, on wheat and alfalfa in Saunders and Lancaster Counties. (Keith). SYRPHID FLIES - NEW YORK - Heavy and laying eggs among aphids April 17 in Clinton and Essex Counties. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt.). FEDERAL AND STATE PLANT PROTECTION PROGRAMS CARIBBEAN FRUIT FLY (Anastrepha suspensa) - FLORIDA - Larvae from dooryard grape- fruit at 2 locations in Miami, Dade County. (Bell, Hancock). Larvae in Terminalia muelleri fruit at location in Lake Park, Palm Beach County, January 8. (Messec). TT. muelleri new Florida Department of Plant Industry host record. (Fla. Coop. Sur.). Damage economic in 20-acre grapefruit grove in Fort Pierce area, St. Lucie County; 10 percent fruit drop. (PPC South. Reg., Mar. Rpt.). CEREAL LEAF BEETLE (Oulema melanopus) - INDIANA - Adults averaged 4 per swe .p on winter wheat field margins in New Carlisle area, St. Joseph County; evident on young oats. Egg laying begun on less than 1 percent of plants in wheat and oat field margins. (Kruse). OHIO - Adults light on Williams County wheat April 12; up to 5 and 6 per 100 sweeps in spots April 24 despite cooler temperatures. Adults caged indoors in Williams County began mating and ovipositing April 19. (Phillips, Lyon). Adults 1 per 10 sweeps on some Defiance County wheat April 16 (Scott), 2 per 10 sweeps on Hardin County grass April 19 (Forrester), and 1 per 1,000 sweeps on Fayette County wheat April 22 (Wheeler). Damage to oats pre- dicted in some northwestern counties. (Lyon). MICHIGAN - Adults mainly in Berrien County grass borders; increasing in wheat. (Ruppel, Gomulinski). GRASSHOPPERS - VIRGINIA - One Chortophaga viridifasciata adult per 10 square yards in 1.5-acre clover field in Amherst County; no nymphs. (Allen, Apr. 18). OKLAHOMA - First hatch April 2-8 in alfalfa margins in Garvin, Carter, McClain, and Love Counties; Méelanoplus spp. dominant. Ageneotettix deorum 1 per 5 sweeps on rangeland in Comanche, Kiowa, and Tillman Counties. Mostly A. deorum and Melanoplus spp. 1 per 2 sweeps on rangeland April 16-22 and Melanoplus spp. 1 per 2 sweeps in alfalfa margins in Blaine, Major, and Woods Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). GYPSY MOTH (Porthetria dispar) - NEW YORK - Recovered 130 egg clusters from 16 locations in 5 boroughs of New York City. PENNSYLVANIA - Additional egg clusters found on periphery of infestation on Hawk Mountain, Berks County. (PPC East. Reg., Mar. Rpt.). Hatch begun April 15 on oaks in northern Berks County. (Jeffery). PINK BOLLWORM (Pectinophora gossypiella) - CALIFORNIA - Trap locations and number of sex lure traps through March 30 as follows: Kern County - 1,631 outside drop area, 225 inside drop area; Riverside County - Coachella Valley 100, Palo Verde Valley 10; San Bernardino County - Needles 5; Imperial County - Imperial Valley 20, Bard Valley 5. Traps serviced twice a week using 6 female equivalents per baiting. (PPC West. Reg.). ARIZONA - Adult emergence continues from experimental cages in Yuma, Maricopa, and Graham Counties. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). RANGE CATERPILLAR (Hemileuca oliviae) - NEW MEXICO - Egg clusters very light in small area of Lincoln County, north of 1967 controlled area, and in 20-section area 20 miles south of Raton and 75 miles northwest of treated area in Colfax County. (PPC West. Reg., Mar. Rpt.). - 366 - WHITE-FRINGED BEETLES (Graphognathus spp.) - ARKANSAS - Total of 83 acres treated in isolated infestations in Crittenden and Mississippi Counties. TENNESSEE - Surface applications made on infested areas in Davidson, Lincoln, and Wayne Counties; treatment completed in Davidson County. NORTH CAROLINA - Control work completed in several counties; progress good in all areas. SOUTH CAROLINA - Controls applied to isolated infested areas in Calhoun, Chesterfield, Darlington, Florence, Orangeburg, and McCormick Counties; only small acreages untreated. (PPC South. Reg., Mar. Rpt.). SOYBEAN CYST NEMATODE (Heterodera glycines) - VIRGINIA - Found 4 new infestations in city of Virginia Beach. (PPC East. Reg., Mar. Rpt.). HAWAII INSECT REPORT New State Record - Two LARGE MANGO TIP BORER (Bombotelia jocosatrix (Guenée) ) adults taken at light in Punahou area of Honolulu, Oahu, in early April. Det. by M. Chong, confirmed by E.L. Todd. This insect of mango is known to occur in northern Queensland, Australia, and in Thailand, Ceylon, and Indonesia (Java). (Au). The species is also recorded from southern India. This is a new Western Hemisphere record but is not known to occur in continental United States. There are specimens in the U.S. National Museum from the Philippine Republic. In Taiwan, this species is parasitized by Euplectrus taiwanus (a eulophid wasp). Damage to mango is severe in northern Queensland in some years. First symptom of infestation is wilting of some of the growing tips on the outside of the trees, accompanied by blackening of leaves on these twigs. Die-back follows and dormant buds on the more mature wood develop and produce a bunched type growth. It is presumed eggs are laid on young growth, usually in spring, when damage is usually observed. Larvae bore in shoots from the tip to the thicker part where they pupate in silken cocoons. (PPC). Vegetables - All stages of SOUTHERN GREEN STINK BUG (Nezara viridula) heavy on white-Stemmed cabbage and lettuce in Waianae area, Oahu; light to medium and widespread on various other vegetable crops. Spray operations frequently interrupted by rains. (Mahekoa). CARMINE SPIDER MITE (Tetranychus telarius) heavy in many watermelon and snap bean fields on Oahu, especially in Waianae and north shore areas; control difficult. (Yamamoto). Larvae and adults of LEAF MINER FLIES (Liriomyza spp.) medium on tomato in Waialua and on cantaloups in Waianae, Oahu; generally light on snap beans, cucumbers, and watermelons in other areas on Oahu. (Yamamoto, Funasaki). Fruits - Two STINK BUG (Plautia stali) adults taken from nearly mature strawberry guava at Lanikai, Oahu. (Davis). Ornamentals - GREEN SCALE (Coccus viridis) adults very heavy and causing heavy sooty mold on many aalii shrubs (Dodonaea eviocarpa) at Polihua, Lanai. (Kajiwara). Beneficial Insects - Larvae, pupae, and adults of a GORSE WEEVIL (Apion ulicis) in 85 percent of mature pods in 5 acres of gorse at Haleakala National Park, Maui. (Tamura). Larvae and adults of a NOCTUID MOTH (Hypena strigata) heavy and causing 95 percent defoliation in 1,000 acres of lantana in Keokea and Ulupalakua, Maui, at 2,500 feet elevation. (Miyahira). Miscellaneous Insects - CROTON CATERPILLAR (Achaea janata) larvae medium on castorbean in few scattered areas at Waiakoa, Maul. (Ah Sam). ((WSSH ‘eoTAteg e.eq [TeJUeWwUOATTAUG Aq pettddns Axcewung) “Tewrou uey} Jowred ATYSTLS a1em pueTSuq MeN usoy.10Uu pue e[nsutueg eptsz0oTa euL “Tewtou MoTeq ,9 OF ,[ pasetoae 4yseq ay} JO ySOW ‘*AUptTag pue AepsinyL }noqe uynos ey} peyoRet Ite jYsaTood ayL ‘Aepsaupos pue Aepseny, uo [ooo ATT etoadsa aren So7B1S ULOUZION O4L “3See JayZINZ SyYaem Gg ynoqe pue ueSstTyoTW 01 ev OSOUUTH wory Syoom B TOF poyseT pey yorys [Leds wae & papua yseq pue [e1r.UeD ayy ut Tay}eeM Tooo eyuL “TeWtou MoTaq {ZT 07 (9 pedetaae 4Sa4 ay} FO YONW ‘Yoon ayy UT 93¥eT #SOM 94} UT UeSeq pusery SuTMIeM Y ‘OoTXA MAN FO 4SOW aaAO0 petindds0 sainzyeteduey SurzZaery usyM Yaem ayy ut ATAea [ooo AT Tetoedsa sem JI ‘Ween 9ATYNOaSUOD pUODaS ay} IOF UOTIEN ay FO FLey uteysam ay. aTaao peystsied Tey,VaM TOOD :FTunLVUaaWaL “gSe esed wory panutzuod yoo ayy FO arayyeaK SJ © se} i} 9¢-02/rF 998M 9¢-06/h PTT TASUuMorg SVX@L 92-0Z/P PLT TAede4.10g TUNOSsINn 92-02/PF PTLTAeu0ysS IddISSISSIW be-8L/P OL LeoT UuOH S@-61/P eTTtAseutey valuola SS SNOIL3371105 dval LHOIT 8961 ‘896! (81) 8T ee 8961 Jupanp , ‘ady ‘sur *uoog *doog Q peysesuT pozaodoy *aBy ‘adoq ‘gp ( L96T ‘Tf toquosoq b 7 0} sotad paysozuy A ) Je - 368 (D214S0d Diadkp) HA22M PJOF]Y JO UOIsNquassiq 8961 ‘9¢ TTady VdSN 9°fAt0g Yyourosoy Teanztnopady UOTSTATA [TO4}U09 4s50q quela SUOT}G10d0 UuoT,0940q pue Aosaang ut posredoig SURVEY METHODS Selected References 1959* Part VII Additional copies of Parts I through VII of this bibliography are available from Survey and Detection Operations. POPULATION MEASUREMENT COLBERG, W. J. and GOODFELLOW, V. V. 1959. Armyworms, cutworms, barley thrips (Methods used in North Dakota). U.S. Dept. Agr. Coop. Econ. Ins. Rpt. 9(42):942. COLBERG, W. J. and GOODFELLOW, V. V. 1959. Beet webworm (Methods used in North Dakota). U.S. Dept. Agr. Coop. Econ. Ins. Rpt. 9(44):970. COLBERG, W. J. and GOODFELLOW, V. V. 1959. Grain aphids (Methods used in North Dakota). U.S.Dept. Agr. Coop. Econ. Ins. Rpt. 9(29):665. IVES, W. G. H. 1959. A technique for estimating tamarack foliage production, a basis for detailed population studies of the larch sawfly. Canad. Ent. 91(8): 513-519. Pristiphora erichsonii JOHANSEN, C, 1959. Clover aphid. U.S. Dept. Agr. Coop. Econ. Ins. Rpt. 9(8): 110. Sampling method LOOMIS, E. C, and SHERMAN, E. J. 1959. Comparison of artificial shelters and light traps for measurement of Culex tarsalis and Anopheles freeborni popu- lations. Mosquito News 19(4) :232-237 MURRAY, W. D. 1959. Measuring adult populations of the pasture mosquito Aedes nigromaculis (Ludlow). Calif. Mosquito Cont. Assoc. Proc. 27:67-71. Changes in population noted by counts on observer. REARING BATRA, H. N. and KUMAR, K. 1959. Technique for rearing of Indarbela tetraonis (Moore), (Metarbelidae;: Lepidoptera) in the laboratory. Indian J. Ent. 20(3) : 240- 241. BENDER, G, L. 1959. Studies on a synthetic diet for the scorpion, Centruroides sculpturatus. N. Y. Acad. Sci. Ann. 77(2):262-266. CLARKE, C. A. and SHEPPARD, P. M. 1959. The breeding of Papilio dardanus Brown in England; technique and some results. Entomologist 92(1152) :89-95. CLAYTON, R. B, 1959. A simplified method for the culture of Blattella germanica under aSeptic conditions. Nature (London) 184(4693):1166-1167. DAVIS, G. R. F. 1959. A method for rearing larvae of Ctenicera aeripennis destructor (Brown) (Coleoptera: Elateridae) aseptically in test tubes. Ent. Soc. Amer. Ann. 52(2):173-175. * Additional citations for 1960, 1961, 1965, and 1966 are included at the end of the 1959 listing. - 369 - - 370 - FREDEEN, F, J. H. 1959. Rearing black flies in the laboratory (Diptera: Simuliidae). Canad. Ent. 91(2):73-83. FRINGS, H, and FRINGS, M. 1959. Notes on rearing the moths, Cisseps (Scepsis) fulvicellis (Hbn.) and Ctenucha virginica (Charp.) in the laboratory. J. Econ. Ent. 52(1):168-169. GALLUN, R. L. 1959. Method of evaluating survival of Hessian fly larvae when reared on wheat grown in hydroponic solutions with controlled deficiencies. Ent. Soc. Amer. No. Cent. Br. Proc. 14:39-40. Mayetiola destructor HERRERA A., J. M. 1959. New equipment and technique for the mass rearing of species of Trichogramma. Rev. Peruana Ent. Agr. (Lima) 2(1):30-35. Refs. In Sp., Engl. Sum. LABEYRIE, V. 1959. Technique d*elevage de Chelonus contractus Nees. parasite de Phthor imea ocellatella Boyd. Entomophaga 4(1):43-46. Engl. Sun. LANE, C. 1959. A fruit diet for the caterpillar of the white ermine moth (Spilosoma here (L.)) menthastri (Esp.) (Lep., Arctiidae) Ent. Mon. Mag. 95(1136) :13 LAWSON, F. A. 1959. Some specialized rearing methods for cockroaches. Ent. Soc. Amer. No. Cent. Br. Proc. 14:40. Blaberus LEFFEF, W. J. B, 1959. Rearing of Cleora cinctaria Schiff. Ent. Ber. 19(3) :48. In Dutch. LIEN, J. 1959. Laboratory culture of Aedes togoi and measurements of its sus— ceptibility to insecticides. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. and Hyg. Trans. 53(4):305.. MEULEN, G. S. A. VAN DER, 1959. Rearing of Epirrhoe tristata L. (Lep. Geom.). Ent. Ber. 19(9):192. In Dutch. MULLER, J. 1959. Rearing rare forms of Catocala and Apantesis, and a plea for more rearing of Lepidoptera. Lepidopterists* Soc. J. 13(3) : 182-183. NAGASAWA, S. and KISHINO, M. 1959. Problems on the breeding of insects for biological assay of insecticides. XXIII-XXV. Botyu-Kagaku 24(1):1-22. In Jap., Engl. Sum. Musca domestica vicina PARR, H. C. M. 1959. Studies on Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) in Uganda, East Africa. I. A method of rearing large numbers of Stomoxys calcitrans. Bul. Ent. Res. 50(1):165-169. RAW, F. 1959. An insectary method for rearing cacao mirids, Distantiella theobroma (Dist.) and Sahlbergella singularis Hagl. Bul. Ent. Res. 50(1):II-12. RODRIGUEZ, J. G. 1959. A simplified method of rearing mites using detached leaf culture. Ent. Soc. Amer, No. Cent. Br. Proc. 14:40. Tetranychus spp. and Panonychus ulmi EQUIPMENT AND TECHNIQUES > ADKINS, T. R., JR. and ARANT, F. S. 1959. A technique for the maintenance of a laboratory colony of Cimex lectularius L. on rabbits. J. Econ. Ent. 52(4) :685- 686. - 371 - ASAHINA, E. 1959. Prefreezing as a method enabling animals to survive freezing at an extremely low temperature. Nature (London) 184(4691):1003-1004. Includes insects S BURGESS, L. 1959. Techniques to give better hatches of the eggs of Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae). Mosquito News 19(4):256-259. EDWARDS, D. K. 1959. A photographic method for recording activity and behaviour in a group of small animals. Nature (London) 183(4661):625-626. Insects KHUDADOV, G. D. 1959. The method of marking insects by introducing radioactive isotopes incorporated into the foodstuffs. Moskov. Obshch. Isp. Prirody. Bul. Otd. Biol. 64(3):35-45. In Rus., Engl. Sum. Musca domestica and Blattella germanica used as examples LENNOX, E. K. 1959. A versatile mosquito rearing cage. Mosquito News 19(4): 280-282. MILNER, M. 1959. New methods to detect and eliminate insect-infested grain. Nowest. Miller (Milling Prod. Sect.) 261(15):14a-15a. MULKERN, G. B. and ANDERSON, J. F. 1959. A technique for studying the food habits and preferences of grasshoppers. J. Econ. Ent. 52(2):342. Analysis of contents of crop SILVER, G. T. 1959. A method for sampling eggs of the black-headed budwornm,. J. Forestry 57(3):203-205. Acleris variana WALKER, J. K., JR. and BRAZZEL, J. R. 1959. A method for collecting diapausing boll weevils for hibernation studies. J. Econ. Ent. 52(2):346-347. Anthonomus grandis TRAPS ARMITAGE, H. M. 1959. Aromatic bait traps as a factor in insect spread. J. Econ. Ent. 52(1):157-158. BANKS, C. J. 1959. Experiments with suction traps to assess the abundance of Syrphidae (Diptera), with special reference to aphidophagous species. Ent. Expt. et Appl. 2(2):110-124. BIRKETT, N. L. 1959. Some records of hover-flies (Dipt., Syrphidae) at mercury- vapour light. Ent. Mon. Mag. 95(1138):63. BLAKESLEE, T, E., AXTELL, R. and JOHNSTON, L. 1959. Aedes vexans and Culex salinarius light trap collections at five elevations. Mosquito News 19(4):283. CLOSE, R. 1959. Sticky traps for winged aphids. New Zeal. J. Agr. Res. 2(2): 375-379. COMMON, I. F. B. 1959. A transparent light trap for the field collection of Lepidoptera. Lepidopterists' Soc. J. 13(2):57-61. CUMBER, R. A. and HARRISON, R. A. 1959. Preliminary flight records of Diptera taken with a modified Rothamsted light trap operated at Paiaka. New Zeal. J. Sci. 2(2) :237-239. DOW, R. P. 1959. A method of testing insect traps and attractants, and its application to studies of Hippelates pusio and Culex tarsalis. J. Econ. Ent. 52(3) :496-503. - 372 - DU CHANOIS, F. R. 1959. Relative periodic attractivity of light traps to adult mosquitoes aS an index to mosquito annoyance intensity. N. J. Mosquito Extermin. Assoc. Proc. 46:170-180. FROST, S. W. 1959. Insects captured in black-painted and unpainted light traps. Ent. News 70(2):54-55. FROST, S. W. 1959. Insects caught in light traps with new baffle designs. J. Econ. Ent. 52(1):167-168. GRIGARICK, A. A. 1959. A floating pan trap for insects associated with the water surface. J. Econ. Ent. 52(2):348-349. HEMMINGS, R. J. 1959. Observations on the operation of mosquito light traps with a cylindrical vertical screen. Mosquito News 19(2):101. JENKINS, L. E, 1959. Fly baits and traps. U.S. Dept. Agr. Coop. Econ. Ins. Rpt. 9(12) :207. LEWIS, T. 1959. A comparison of water traps, cylindrical sticky traps and suction traps for sampling thySanopteran populations at different levels. Ent. Expt. et Appl. 2(3):204-215. LOOMIS, E. C. 1959. A method for more accurate determination of air volume displacement of light traps. J. Econ. Ent. 52(2):343-345. LOOMIS, E. C. and HANKS, S..G. 1959. Light trap indices of mosquito abundance: a comparison of operation for four and seven nights a week. Mosquito News 19(3): 168-171. MAKSIMOVIC, M. 1959. Testing of trap method for capturing the gypsy moth males, Zastita Bilja 52/53:177-181. In Serbo-Croatian, Engl. Sun. Porthetria dispar MEYERS, E. G. 1959. Mosquito collections by light traps at various heights above ground. Calif. Mosquito Control Assoc. Proc. 27:61-63. NIJVELDT, W. 1959. On the use of conical traps in the study of gall midges. Tijdschr. over Planteziekten 65(2):56-59. In Dutch, Engl. Sum. PARKHE, D. P. and KURUP, A. R. 1959. Tests on modified vertical suction light trap and various other types of traps for the cigarette beetle (Lasioderma serri- corne F.) in the tobacco godowns. Indian Tobacco 9(2):97-99. PROVOST, M. W. 1959. The influence of moonlight on light-trap catches of mosquitoes. Ent. Soc. Amer. Ann. 52(3):261-271. REED, D. E. 1959. Mosquito light trap captures without benefit of light. Calif. Mosquito Control Assoc. Proc. 27:63-66. Culex pipiens quingquefasciatus and C. tarsalis SMITH, P. W., TAYLOR, J. G, and APPLE, J. W. 1959. A comparison of insect trapS equipped with 6- and 15-watt blacklight lamps. J. Econ. Ent. 52(6):1212- 1214. STAPLES, R, and ALLINGTON, W. B. 1959. The efficiency of sticky traps in sampling epidemic populations of the eriophyid mite Aceria tulipae (K.), vector of wheat streak mosaic virus. Ent. Soc. Amer. Ann. 52(2):159-= STEINER, H, and NEUFFER, G. 1959. Improved attractiveness of the Stuttgart light-trap. A postscript. Z. f. Pflanzenkrankheiten 66(4):221-223. Refs. In Ger., Engl. Sum. - 373 - TODD, R. G. 1959. M. V. traps. Ent. Rec. and J. Variation 71(10):244. Mercury vapor ZHOGOLEV, D. T. 1959. Light traps as a method of collecting and study of insects as carriers of a disease. Ent. Obozr. 38(4):766-773. In Rus., Engl. Sum. Culicoides, mosquitoes, and Phlebotomus * OK OK OK K KK KK KK KK KK KK OK OK OK OK OK ADDITIONAL REFERENCES 1960, 1961, 1965 and 1966 POPULATION MEASUREMENT HARCOURT, D. G. 1966. Sequential sampling for the imported cabbageworm, Pieris rapae (L.). Canad. Ent. 98(7):741-746. KOSLINSKA, M, 1966. The evaluation of utility of some methods of counting the numbers of eggs laid by the plum fruit moth (Laspeyresia funebrana Tr. Lepi- doptera: Tortricidae). Skierniewice. Inst. Sadownictwa. Prace. 10:301-306. In Pol., Engl. Sum. ZETTLER, F, W. and WILKINSON, R. E, 1965. Intraseasonal abundance of aphid species trapped in an area where. spread of bean common moSaic virus occurs. (Abstract)--Phytopathology 55(10):1085. REARING ANDERSON, N. L. and HASTINGS, E, 1966. Some notes on rearing Aulocara elliotti (Orthoptera: Acrididae). Ent. Soc. Amer. Ann. 59(4):718-719. ASHRAFI, S. H., MUZAFFAR, S. A. and ANWARULLAH, M. 1966. Mass rearing of moSquitoes, house flies and cockroaches in P. C. S. I. R.'s laboratories for insecticide testing. Sci. Indus. 4(4):312-316. Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Aedes aegypti, Musca domestica and Periplaneta americana AZEVEDO, J. F. DE and PINHAO, R. DA C, 1966. Rearing the tsetse fly in Lisbon; an accident due to an insecticide. Inst. Med. Trop. An. 23(1/2):11-22, Map. In Por., Engl. Sum. Glossina BEDARD, W. D. 1966. A ground phloem medium for rearing immature bark beetles (Scolytidae). Ent. Soc. Amer. Ann. 59(5):931-938. BENSCHOTER, C. A. and PANIAGUA, G. 1966. Reproduction and longevity of Mexican fruit flies, Anastrepha ludens (Diptera: Tephritidae), fed biotin in the diet. Ent. Soc. Amer. Ann. 59(2):298-300. BOT, J. 1965. An aseptic artificial rearing medium for the false codling moth Argyroploce leucotreta Meyr. S. Afr. J. Agr. Sci. 8(4):1075-1078. BOT, J. 1966. Rearing Heliothis armigera Hubn. and Prodenia litura F. on an artificial diet. S. Afr. J. Agr. Sci. 9(3):535-538. Engl. Sum. BUSCHINGER, A. 1966. Studies of Ee sublaevis Nyl. (Hym., Formicidae) II. Rearing and upbringing of broods. Insectes Sociaux 13(4):311-322. In Ger., Engl. Sum. - 374 - DAVIS, G. R. F., 1966. Replacement of RNA in the diet of Oryzaephilus surina- mensis (L.) (Coleoptera: Silvanidae) by purines, pyrimidines, and ribose. Canad. J. Zool. 44(5):781-785. DAVIS, G. R. F. 1966. Survival and development of Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.) (Coleoptera: Silvanidae) on wheat-flour diets and on caSein diets Supple- mented with biotin and aScorbic acid. Canad. Ent. 98(3):263-267. DROOZ, A. T, 1966. Color studies of reared elm Spanworm larvae and pupae. Ent. Soc. Amer. Ann. 59(3):568-573. EARLE, N. W., WALKER, A. B, and BURKS, M, L. 1966. An artificial diet for the boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), based on the analysis of amino acids in cotton Squares. Ent. Soc. Amer. Ann. 59(4):664-669. EBEL, B. H. 1966. Rearing and occurrence of xyelid sawflies on slash and long- leaf pines in north Florida (Hymenoptera: Xyelidae). Ent. Soc. Amer. Ann. 59(1): 227-229. FALES, J. H., BODENSTEIN, O. F, and KELLER, J. C. 1961. Face fly laboratory rearing. First successful rearing in the laboratory of Musca autumnalis, a serious pest of livestock is major step forward in developing controls. Soap and Chem. Spec. 37(4):81-83. GILLET, N. 1966. Rapid rearing of Loepa katinka Westw. Lambillionea 65(3/4): 19-21. Saturniid from Japan KAISER, M. N. 1966. The Subgenus Persicargas (Ixodoidea, Argasidae, Argas). 3. The life cycle of A. (2a) arboreus, and a Standardized rearing method for argasid ticks. Ent. Soc. Amer. Ann. 59(3):496-502. KIYOKU, M. and TSUKUDA, R. 1966. Successive laboratory cultures of the tobacco- cutworms Prodenia litura Fabricus on Some Simple Semisynthetic media. Okayama. Univ. Fac. Agr. Sci. Rpt. 28:1-11. In Jap., Engl. Sum. MCGHEHEY, J. H. and NAGEL, W. P. 1966. A technique for rearing larvae of Medetera aldrichii (Diptera: Dolichopodidae). Ent. Soc. Amer. Ann. 59(2):290-292. MULLER, H. J. and HENNIG, E. 1965. A method of mass rearing of aphids for ecological and physiological studies. Arch. Pflanzenschutz 1(1):41-48. In Ger., Engl. Sum. Aphis fabae on Vicia faba NAYAR, J. K. 1966. A method of rearing salt-marsh mosquito larvae in a defined sterile medium. Ent. Soc. Amer. Ann. 59(6):1283-1285. PARROTT, W. L., MAXWELL, F. G, and JENKINS, J. N. 1966. Feeding and oviposition of the boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), on the rose- of-sharon, an alternate host. Ent. Soc. Amer. Ann. 59(3):547-550. PIMENTEL, D, 1966. Wasp parasite (Nasonia vitripennis) survival on its house fly host (Musca domestica) reared on various foods. Ent. Soc. Amer. Ann. 59(6): 1031-1038. RYBICKI, M, and JEZIERSKA, B, 1966. Reaction of alimentary canal tissues to diet and its effect on development of larvae of Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa L. (Orthoptera). Zoologica Poloniae 16(2):121-130. SOLOMON, J. D. 1966. Artificial rearing of the carpenterworm, Prionoxystus robiniae (Lepidoptera: Cossidae), and observations of its development. Ent. soc. er. Ann. 59(6):1197-1200. - 375 - TSUKUDA, R. and KIYOKU, M. 1966. Laboratory cultures of the tobacco-cutworms Prodenia litura Fabricius on the synthetic media. Okayama. Univ. Fac. Agr. Sci. Rpt. 28:13-18. In Jap., Engl. Sun. ZAPLETAL, F, 1966. Methods for artificially rearing bumble bees in hives and for overwintering bumble bee queens. Bee World 47(sup.):167-171. In Cz. EQUIPMENT AND TECHNIQUES CHAUTHANI, A. R. and CALLAHAN, P. S. 1966. A dissection technique for studying internal anatomy of different stadia of noctuidae. Ent. Soc. Amer. Ann. 59(5): 1017-1018. CLARK, R. C. and BROWN, N. R. 1960. A method of adapting a microscope for observation of non-motile insects on tree trunks. Canad. Ent. 92(1):79-80. FRIEDRICH, E. 1966. A method for overwintering Lepidoptera eggs. Ent. Z. 76(19) :227-229. A container to store in the refrigerator HARLAN, D. P. and ENNS, W. R. 1966. Surface-printing of grasshopper eggs for identification. Ent. Soc. Amer. Ann. 59(5):1018-1020. HARMAN, D. M. and KULMAN, H. M. 1966. A technique for sexing live white-pine weevils, Pissodes strobi. Ent. Soc. Amer. Ann. 59(2):315-317. MCFARLAND, N. 1966. A moth sheet; for attracting and retaining live Specimens without the use of a trap or tent-enclosure. J. Res. Lepidoptera 5(1):29-36. NEWHOUSE, V. F., CHAMBERLAIN, R. W., JOHNSTON, J. G. and SUDIA, W. D. 1966. Use of dry ice to increase mosquito catches of the CDC miniature light trap. Mosquito News 26(1):30-35. SMITH, H. G. and HYNES, C. D. 1966. Modifications of the N-butyl methacrylate imbedding method as applied to insect larval head capsules. Ent. Soc. Amer. Ann. 59(1):230. TARSHIS, I. B. 1966. A method of shipping live larvae of Simulium vittatum long distances (Diptera: Simuliidae). Ent. Soc. Amer. Ann. 59(4):866-867. TRAPS ALPER, M, and LOEBENSTEIN, G, 1966. Trapping of flying aphids in several areas of Israel, as a guide to erowing virus free potato and iris stocks. Israel J. Agr. Res. 16(3):143-146. GRAHAM, J. E. and BRADLEY, I. E. 1965. Notes on light trap catches of Culex tarsalis in Salt Lake County, Utah. Calif. Mosquito Control Assoc. Proc. 33:62- 63. KOVITVADHI, K. and CANTELO, W. W. 1966. The use of light traps to measure relative population densities of the rice gall midge, Pachydiplosis oryzae and other insect pests of rice. Int. Rice Comm. News Let. 15(2):16-1 ROTH, M. 1966. Apropos some rare or little known insects captured in colored traps. Soc. Ent. France Bul. 71(5/6):112-113. - 376 - ATTRACTANTS BERGER, R. S. 1966. Isolation, identification, and synthesis of the sex attractant of the cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni. Ent. Soc. Amer. Ann. 59(4): 767-771. rie ci eee eaaTE > BORDEN, J. H. and WOOD, D. L. 1966. The antennal receptors and olfactory response of Ips confusus (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) to male sex attractant in the laboratory. Ent. Soc. Amer. Ann. 59(2):253-261. BYRNE, H. D, and STEINHAUER, A. L. 1966. The attraction of the alfalfa weevil, Hypera postica (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), to alfalfa. Ent. Soc. Amer. Ann. HARDEE, D. D., MITCHELL, E. B. and HUDDLESTON, P. M. 1966. Chemoreception of attractants from the cotton plant by boll weevils, Anthonomus grandis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Ent. Soc. Amer. Ann. 59(4):867-868. HARDEE, D. D., MITCHELL, E. B. and HUDDLESTON, P. M, 1966, Effect of age, nutrition, sex, and time of day on response of boll weevils to an attractant from cotton. Ent. Soc. Amer. Ann. 59(5):1024-1025. j U.S. Dept. Agr. Prepared in Plant Pest Control Coop. Econ. Ins. Rpt. Division 18(18) :369-376, 1968 = 8744 2 INSECTS NOT KNOWN TO OCCUR IN THE UNITED STATES ORANGE BLOSSOM BUG (Dionconotus cruentatus (Brullé)) Economic Importance: This plant bug, sometimes a pest of orange blossoms locally over its range, is occasionally important in Lebanon and Israel, Although the adults damage citrus, the nymphs develop on weeds and grasses. Adults are strongly attracted to orange blossoms which they pierce. The punctured buds dry up and drop in a few days. An additional set of blossoms develops and late fruit is formed but the latter is leathery and of a poor quality. Relatively little damage occurs on cereals. Distribution: Cyprus, France (southern), Greece, Israel, Italy (including Sicily), Lebanon, Syria, Tunisia, Turkey, and Yugoslavia. Hosts: Grasses (including wheat and barley), citrus, legumes, mullein, Rubus sp. and other plants. 190° Ico" 190" 160" 140" 120" _100' Zo" a ee LUE OU UAT EAA WW Wea a_i Cea RM eye 191 160° 40 120° 100° £0" General Distribution of Dionconotus cruentatus (Brullé) Life History and Habits: Under conditions in Israel the biology is as follows: According to Bodenheimer (1951), the bulk of the eggs is laid in stalks of grasses and herbaceous plants. Eggs are in diapause from spring to December when winter rains break diapause. Nymphs start hatching in late December and require 5-6 weeks to become mature. Adults may appear during the first of February but more often during the latter part. They rarely are seen again until the middle of March. Nymphs and adults are quite active, and will drop to the ground to feign death or fly away when approached. At night, they hide under grasses but become active at sunrise. Under laboratory conditions, females have lived up to 19 days. Hemiptera: Miridae No. 177 of Series - 378 - Description: ADULT - Length 13 mm. including wings. Head broad with large pro- truding eyes; antennae black and four-jointed. Pronotum trapezoidal. A dark red, broad longitudinal stripe near margin of front pair of wings but black on middle portion. Body and legs black. The pattern and coloration help to distinguish it from closely related species. NYMPH - First stage - length 1.8 mm. Black brown with reddish brown marginal stripes on dorsum, Antennae brown; claws grayish yellow. Upper side of abdomen reddish and glassy. Fifth stage - length 5 mm. Body black. Margin of upper side of abdomen and front pair of wings red, Nymphal Stages 1 through 5 and Adult After Bodenheimer, permission of Dr. W. Junk, Publishers Selected References: 1. Bodenheimer, F. S. 1951. Citrus Entomology in the Middle East. 663 pp., The Hague. 2. Bodenheimer, F. S. 1928. Palestine Citro- graph 1(11/12):12-13. 3. Gentry, J. W. 1965. U.S. Dept. Agr. Handb. 273:96. 4. Quayle, H. J. 1938. Insects of Citrus and Other Subtropical Fruits. 583 pp., Ithaca, Prepared in Survey and Det i US ene eee Pp y etection Coop. Econ. Ins. Rpt. Operations in cooperation with other ARS agencies. 18(18):377-378, 1968 VOL. 18 No. 19 May 10, 1968 ee } Coopera tive ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT Issued by PLANT PEST CONTROL DIVISION AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE PLANT PEST CONTROL DIVISION SURVEY AND DETECTION OPERATIONS The Cooperative Economic Insect Report is issued weekly as a service to American Agriculture. Its contents are compiled from information supplied by cooperating State, Federal, and industrial entomologists and other agricultural workers. In releasing this material the Division serves as a clearing house and doesnot assume responsibility for ac- curacy of the material. All reports and inquiries pertaining to this release, including the mailing list, should be sent to: Survey and Detection Operations Plant Pest Control Division Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Federal Center Building Hyattsville, Maryland 20782 Volume 18 May 10, 1968 Number 19 COOPERATIVE ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT HIGHLIGHTS Current Conditions ARMY CUTWORM damage continues in several States; major BEET LEAFHOPPER flights on valley floor in all areas south of Stanislaus County, California. (p. 381). PAINTED LADY flights heavy in Arizona and Nebraska. (p. 382). PALE WESTERN CUTWORM damage severe to dryland wheat in Texas County and BROWN WHEAT MITE heavy in northwest Oklahoma. (pp. 383, 384). ALFALFA WEEVIL and PEA APHID active in most States reporting. (pp. 385-387). IMPORTED CABBAGEWORM heavy on commercial plantings throughout Alabama. (p. 390). PECAN NUT CASEBEARER damaging pecans in several counties of Texas. (p. 393). HORN FLY continues to increase throughout Alabama. (p. 396). Detection @ An ANT (p. 393) and an ENCYRTID WASP (p. 397) found established in Florida; first records for U.S. A COREID BUG reported for first time in South Carolina. (p. 384). For new county and island records see page 399. Predictions EUROPEAN CORN BORER expected economic only in early planted corn in Minnesota; high CORN ROOTWORM numbers predicted throughout southern area of State (p. 383). Heavy SAY STINK BUG populations may develop in several crops later in season in Nevada. MEXICAN BEAN BEETLE infestations expected economic earlier than usual throughout Tidewater area of Virginia. (p. 388). Abundant ROSY APPLE APHID populations expected in 1968 in Colorado. (p. 392). FOREST TENT CATERPILLAR infestations expected severe between International Falls and Ely, Minnesota; moderate numbers will extend to Iron Range area. (p. 394). Special Report Survey Methods. Selected References 1958-1959. Part II (pp. 402-406). Reports in this issue are for week ending May 3 unless otherwise indicated. Se) o = ai0) = CONTENTS Special Insects of Regional Significance......... SboDDDD oO DODD ADDODODODOOSODOOS 381 Insects Affecting Corn, Sorghum, Sugarcane...........382 COUS CHOMScocaccocancd0b00000000000 390 Smell GarasinaSoaoccoccc00a000 9000600 0e8S) General Vegetables.............-.. 391 Turf, Pastures, Rangeland..........384 Deciduous Fruits and Nuts......... 392 Forage Legumes..........- G00 6000 385 (CRLETWS 5 goo ob OdoD 0G GOO dDOD OD ODODR 5 OS Sooke 5c oGo0d0Ub6D DOO OG ODO OOOO OO OMS SHEWLIL WTEwLES Good oug000 bonddDD0 000 Oa PEAMMUES sc 5000000 Ob DDD oD ODDO DODO OOOO cee Oxrnaimeniavlisyyyejecrelelen -s Ga0D0D000000C 393 COEEO@Md 6 600cG00C0d C0000 O600000000000 389 Forest and Shade Trees............ 394 SUSE PKSESoooado0000 3 9000000 389 Man and Animals..... GOb0 0D 0DDO OOO Oew eS Potatoes, Tomatoes, Peppers......--390 Households and Structures.........396 Beans and Devoe ee sa000000000 390 Bene facial eins CCIESM ys cvelelelelehaleel ones 565'0.0.0'0.0 06 Sad adn oGoddOOObeO Ol ODD aA Ob> SO0GdDdD GC ome Federal and State Plant Protection Programs......... wet cate cuahel ele lensyere een neremenens 55 SOY Insect Detection. AGM 6O.M00 00 666 0 .018.6'G0.0.0 DOD oD DO OOO DD ROO DOOD ODODO0DDS S00d0d00 cay) COrrmracCunl@MmSooo0¢000500000 oos0 00000000000 co0b00K000000000000 sen clclichel helrenchsnheiohchener mene Oe) Hawaii Insect Report........... GG00000 cooDaDDGODD0DDD00N C000 G00 OdGo00a0a000 eee 400 Light Trap EOLISeHONSs + 6c So000bdD DDD DOOD ODOODDODDDDDOOOOR 5000050 DDD0DOD0CODGOS 401 Survey Methods. Selected Rokenenccall 1958- 1959. Part Il. eaeeelcietcie p00 000 pO0006 - 402 WEATHER BUREAU'S 30-DAY OUTLOOK MAY 1968 The Weather Bureau's 30-day outlook is for temperatures to average below seasonal normals over the western half of the Nation and also along the middle and north Atlantic coast. Above normal temperatures are indicated for the Great Lakes region and the upper Mississippi Valley as well as along the gulf coast and in Florida. Elsewhere near normal temperatures are in prospect. Precipitation is expected to exceed normal over the northern and central Plains and the middle Mis- sissippi Valley. Subnormal totals are indicated for the West Coast States, as well as the southern border of the Nation from the southern Plateau to Florida. In un- specified areas near normal precipitation amounts are anticipated. Weather forecast given here is based on the official 30-day "Resume and Outlook" published twice a month by the Weather Bureau. You can subscribe through the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C. 20250. Price $5.00 a year. WEATHER OF THE WEEK ENDING MAY 6 HIGHLIGHTS:: Mild, sunny, and dry weather prevailed from the Far Southwest to the upper and middle Mississippi River. Some cloudiness with scattered light showers and cooler-than-normal temperatures occurred from Texas to Georgia and northeast-— ward to New England. PRECIPITATION: Dry, Sunny weather prevailed over the western half of the 48 States during the first half of the week. Light rains occurred along the Wash- ington coast and the northern half of the Oregon coast late in the week. The weekend brought scattered light Showers and a few snow flurries to Montana and sprinkles southward to the northern portions of Arizona and New Mexico. Wide areas in the West received no rain or only light sprinkles; few localities re- ceived more than 0.50 inch. In Some places the soil moisture was becoming de- pleted by the warm, dry weather and the high winds. Only spotty light showers fell from the northern and central Great Plains to Michigan and Ohio. Patches of blowing dust were seen in extreme northwestern Kansas late in the week. Scattered thundershowers occurred during the last half of the week across Texas. Some were Weather of the week continued on page 400. - 381 - SPECIAL INSECTS OF REGIONAL SIGNIFICANCE ARMY CUTWORM (Chorizagrotis auxiliaris) - NEVADA - Larvae light to medium in numerous lawns and heavy in vegetable gardens in southern Washoe County; damage light in lawns and severe in vegetable gardens. (Nev. Coop. Rpt.). Larvae (3 instars), 6-10 per crown, and damage heavy on 600-800 acres of alfalfa in Orovada, Humboldt County. Larvae 1-3 per plant on 1-20 percent of plants on 7,000 additional acres. Some controls applied in heaviest infested areas. (Lundahl, Stitt). IDAHO - Third instars April 23 adjacent to Weiser, Washington County, onion field. Large nighttime migrations April 26 invading properties in northwest Boise, Ada County. (Hackler, McCracken). UTAH - Damaged small grains at McCormick, Millard County,April 26. (Hall, Knowlton). Light to moderate on alfalfa at Delta, Millard County. (Davis, Knowlton). WYOMING - Heavy damage to 2 alfalfa fields near Worland, Washakie County, April 26; controls applied. (Robb). Larvae 1 per square foot in 2 Laramie County alfalfa fields. Currently heavy on alfalfa and winter wheat in Crook County. Counts per square foot 0-4 in wheat and O-7 in alfalfa; larvae smaller in size in alfalfa. Controls applied to some fields. (Parshall). COLORADO - This and pale western cutworm larvae still damaging wheat in northeastern counties. Ranged 1-3 per row foot at Briggsdale but 0-7 through- out Weld County. (Johnson et al.). NORTH DAKOTA - Larvae 2+ per square foot in unplanted small grain fields in Wells County. (McBride). SOUTH DAKOTA - Damaged winter wheat near Dupree, Ziebach County, and near Kennebec, Lyman County. Spraying continued near New Underwood, Pennington County, and Elm Springs, Meade County. (Berndt, Kantack). Majority of winter wheat in Meade and Butte Counties which Showed some damage Sprayed. Ranged from young larvae to pupae in western area fields. Pupation just begun. Up to 10-15 larvae per square foot damaged and defoliated alfalfa in field 3 miles west of Belle Fourche, Butte County. (Calkins et al.). NEBRASKA - Less than 1 per square foot on alfalfa in Platte and Madison Counties. (Keith, Staetz). Damaged alfalfa and wheat in Boyd, Merrick, Platte, Howard, and Chase Counties. (Gustafson et al.). Ranged 0-2 (averaged less than 1) per row foot on wheat in Cheyenne and Scotts Bluff Counties. (Andersen). KANSAS - Full-grown larvae 3-4 per square foot in wheat field in Thomas County. (Brooks). TEXAS - Damaged irrigated wheat at Stratford. (Cross, Apr. ARMYWORM (Pseudaletia unipuncta) - DELAWARE - Flight begun April 16; adults 3 per night in blacklight trap in Sussex County. (Burbutis). MICHIGAN - Three taken in Livingston County blacklight trap April 28; first collection of year. (Janes, Newman). TEXAS - Infested St. Augustine grass at Bay City, Matagorda County. (Vestal, Apr. 26). UTAH - Damaged small grains at McCormick, Millard County, April 26. (Hall, Knowlton). Light to moderate on alfalfa at Delta, Millard County. (Davis, Knowlton). ASTER LEAFHOPPER (Macrosteles fascifrons) - MINNESOTA - In State for about month. Light, trace to 5 per 100 sweeps, on winter grains, alfalfa, and roadside grass. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). WISCONSIN - Averaged 2-4 per 100 sweeps in Columbia, Dane, and Dodge Counties. No change on rye near Montello;most moved from rye and barley to oats at Spring Green; few on Portage County rye. Generally no change in State. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). IOWA - Ranged 2-18 per 10 sweeps on alfalfa in Lee, Van Buren, Des Moines, and Henry Counties. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). BEET LEAFHOPPER (Circulifer tenellus) - CALIFORNIA - Final treatments of season to protect 1968 plantings completed April 15. Nearly 9,000 rangeland acres sprayed along foothills of west and south San Joaquin Valley. Major flights onto floor of valley in all areas south of Stanislaus County. Very light in small northern over- wintering areas near Arbuckle, Colusa County; no threat to northern counties. Light on roadside hosts and in sugarbeets in Merced and Fresno Counties. Contin- ues heavier than normal in Kern County; 10 per 10 sweeps in west side sugarbeets. Most of sugarbeets old enough to withstand curly top damage and still produce good crop. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). UTAH - One per 25 sweeps on Sophia mustards in Oasis area, Millard County, and Santa Clara, Washington County. (Knowlton). CORN EARWORM (Heliothis zea) - ARIZONA - Up to 50 per 100 sweeps on alfalfa at Yuma, Yuma County. Becoming concern on citrus in certain areas of Salt River Valley, Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). = 382— CORN LEAF APHID (Rhopalosiphum maidis) - VIRGINIA - One or more alates, probably this species, on 20 percent of plants in 30-acre field in Surry County; no nymphs. (Allen). TEXAS - Especially heavy this year with damage to corn and grain sorghum in southern half of State. (Kennedy et al.). KANSAS - First occurrence of season on seedling corn in Cowley County April 20-26. (Gates). UTAH - Ranged 0-105 per plant in barley in Washington, Washington County, April 20-26. (Knowlton, Davis). ARIZONA - Controls applied to sorghum field at Yuma, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). GREENBUG (Schizaphis graminum) - MINNESOTA - Light on winter wheat and roadside bluegrass past 3 weeks. Light, trace to 10 per 100 sweeps, in winter wheat in east-central and southeast districts. No aphids found on spring-planted grains. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). SOUTH DAKOTA - Apparently did not overwinter in heavily infested winter wheat fields of last fall in Tripp County. (Jones, Kieckhefer). NEBRASKA - Averaged less than 1 per 20 sweeps on wheat in Butler, Polk, and Platte Counties. (Keith, Staetz). KANSAS - Trace in wheat in south-central area. (Brooks). OKLAHOMA - Less than 50 per linear foot in wheat in central, north-central, northwest, and panhandle counties; 500-8,000 per linear foot in isolated fields with poor soil. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). PAINTED LADY (Vanessa cardui) - CALIFORNIA - Larvae extremely heavy on numerous wild hosts in Sacramento area following mass migration flights first of April. Migrating larvae caused much annoyance to homeowners next to vacant lots and fields; feeding on yard plants. Damaged crops in certain areas. Serious damage to commercial crops may result as additional flights occur. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). ARIZONA - Heavy migration flights in northern area between House Rock and Marble Canyon State Alternate Highway 89; also south of Flagstaff, Coconino County (Carver) May 1-2. Heavy flights at Congress, Hillside, and Bagdad, Yavapai County, and Signal and Wikieup, Mohave County, April 13-14. All flights at higher elevations during mid-day. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). UTAH - Migration from Santa Clara to Holden and in Dixie State Park, Washington County, and Kanab through Alton and Johnson Canyon, Kane County. Lighter in Sanpete, Sevier, and Utah Counties April 20-26. (Knowlton, Davis). Some currently in flight at Tooele and Lakepoint, Tooele County, and Magna and Salt Lake City area, Salt Lake County. (Knowlton). NEBRASKA - Flights unusually heavy May 2 in east and north- east areas. (Hill, Keith). POTATO LEAFHOPPER (Empoasca fabae) - MINNESOTA - Averaged less than 0.5 per 100 sweeps on alfalfa in Wabasha, Olmsted, Houston, and Fillmore Counties April 30 and May 1; movement into State earlier than normal. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). ILLINOIS - Appeared for first time in southern areas. (Ill. Ins. Bull). MASSACHUSETTS - One specimen taken; occurrence early for State. (Miller). POTATO PSYLLID (Paratrioza cockerelli) - UTAH - Adults in Delta area, Millard County; on Chrysothamnus in Santa Clara, Hurricane, and Leeds areas and in Snow Canyon area of WaShington County. (Roberts, Apr. 26). SPOTTED ALFALFA APHID (Therioaphis maculata) - WISCONSIN - Full-grown nymphs 2 per 10 sweeps (light) in Some alfalfa fields in Spring Green area. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). NEBRASKA - Surveys negative in Platte and Madison Counties. (Keith, Staetz). TOMATO HORNWORM (Manduca quinquemaculata) - ARIZONA - Controls applied to tomatoes at Yuma, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). CORN, SORGHUM, SUGARCANE EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) - DELAWARE - Pupation averaged 70 per- cent in Sussex County. (Burbutis). MARYLAND - Larvae still in standing corn stubble; no pupation in Howard and Prince Georges Counties. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). WISCONSIN - Larvae migrating from stalk to stalk and feeding on dry stalk interiors. No prepupal stage evident. Bird predation 80+ percent effective in = Bhs}6)) one field. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MINNESOTA - Outlook for 1968 similar to that of 1967. Economic populations good possibility in northwest district. Some problems will occur in west-central district if conditions favorable. Problems should be light in other areas; economic numbers expected only in early planted corn. Overwintering mortality this spring lower than normal; 15 percent in central and east-central districts and 7 percent in southeast district. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). ALABAMA - Survival of overwintered larvae low in several fields in Marshall, De Kalb, Morgan, Blount, and St. Clair Counties. Bird predation on 50+ percent of stalks; pupation begun. (McQueen). SOUTHWESTERN CORN BORER (Diatraea grandiosella) - ALABAMA - Some pupation in corn stubble in several northern counties. Larval survival 35 percent in 2 fields; much higher than earlier in other fields. (McQueen). CORN FLEA BEETLE (Chaetocnema pulicaria) - NEW YORK - Overwintering adults expected to be scarce on sweet corn in Dutchess and Ulster Counties; no controls expected in Rockland County. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt., Apr. 29). VIRGINIA - Adults on 3 percent of newly emerged corn seedlings in 30-acre field in Surry County. (Allen). MISSOURI - Ranged from less than 1 to 4 per plant on corn in central and west-central areas; up to 8-12 on isolated plants. (Thomas). CORN ROOTWORMS (Diabrotica spp.) - MINNESOTA - Highest populations this year expected in southeast district; high numbers expected in cornfields scattered throughout southern area. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). TEXAS - D. undecimpunctata howardi heavy in Waller County, damage extensive to corn 3-6 inches. (Richardson, Apr. 26). SEED-CORN MAGGOT (Hylemya platura) - NEW JERSEY - Total of 735 taken on 6 sticky- boards at Cedarville April 30. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). CHINCH BUG (Blissus leucopterus) - TEXAS - Widespread near Hempstead, Waller County; heavy, 2-4 per plant, in some cornfields. (Richardson, Apr. 26). SMALL GRAINS PALE WESTERN CUTWORM (Agrotis orthogonia) - WYOMING - Larvae averaged 1 per linear foot in 10-acre field of Platte County winter wheat April 20-26. (Parshall). Currently damaging wheat near Newcastle, Weston County. (Coxe). Larvae 1-7 (averaged 2.8) per square foot on Goshen County wheat; wheat crowns damaged. Less than 1 per square foot in Laramie County. (Parshall). COLORADO - Larvae of this species and army cutworm still damaging wheat in northeastern counties. Ranged O-7 in Weld County. A. orthogonia mostly later instars. Ranged 1-3 per row foot at Briggsdale, Weld County; O-7 throughout county. (Johnson et al.). NEBRASKA - Ranged 0-13 (averaged 3) per foot of drill row in wheat in Cheyenne and Scotts Bluff Counties; large acreages treated. Negative in Box Butte and Sheridan Counties (Andersen et al.); damage continuing in Chase County (Sakurada). KANSAS - Still active, 2-9 per square foot, in many wheat fields in southwest area; damage severe in dryland fields due to cutworms and drought. (DePew, Apr. 26). Half-grown larvae currently 4-5 per square foot in most fields in Stanton, Hamilton, Greeley, and Wallace Counties; damage by drought severe to wheat in area. (Simpson). OKLAHOMA - Averaged 2-3 per linear foot in wheat in Texas County; damage severe to dryland wheat. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). ENGLISH GRAIN APHID (Macrosiphum avenae) - TEXAS - Light to moderate on wheat in De Witt County. (Tex. Coop. Rpt.). ARKANSAS - Up to 500-600 in 100 sweeps (noneconomic) on all small grains in northeast and east-central areas. (Boyer, Barnes). KANSAS - Infestation of heads and upper leaves 25 percent in Harvey, Sedgwick, Kingman, and Reno Counties. (Brooks). IOWA - Averaged 14 per 50 Sweeps on oats in 3 Lee County fields. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). MINNESOTA - Averaged 10 per 100 sweeps on winter wheat and rye in east-central and southeast districts; trace on some spring-planted grains. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). WISCONSIN - As high as - 384 - 21 per 100 sweeps (increase) on rye and barley. About 1 per 100 sweeps on more advanced oat fields in scattered locations. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). ILLINOIS - Averaged 98 per 100 sweeps on wheat in southern third of State. (Sturgeon). INDIANA - Trace on central district wheat. (Huber). CORN FLEA BEETLE (Chaetocnema pulicaria) - ILLINOIS - Numerous in many wheat fields in western and southern areas; no control required. (111. Ins. Bull.). Averaged. 187 per 100 sweeps on wheat in southern third of State. (Sturgeon). WIREWORMS - WASHINGTON - Damaging winter wheat in Walla Walla, Walla Walla County. Ctenicera pruinina larvae in many wheat fields throughout Walla Walla County. (Stambaugh, Retan, Apr. 26). CHINCH BUG (Blissus leucopterus) - KANSAS - Occasional adult in wheat in Dickinson and. Saline Counties. (Simpson). TARNISHED PLANT BUG (Lygus lineolaris) - ARKANSAS - Reproduction underway; nymphs on small grain. (Boyer, Barnes). A PLANT BUG (Leptopterna ferrugata) - UTAH - Nymphs 3-12 per 10 sweeps on wheat at Lakepoint, Tooele County; plant markings evident on field margins. (Knowlton). WHEAT STEM MAGGOT (Meromyza americana) - TEXAS - Damage evident on wheat in Bexar County. (Tex. Coop. Rpt.). COLORADO - Larval damage less than 1 percent on winter wheat in Weld County. (Johnson, Hantsbarger). BROWN WHEAT MITE (Petrobia latens) - COLORADO - Ranged up to 50 per leaf east of Briggsdale, Weld County. (Johnson et al.). NEBRASKA - Light, about 5 per plant, in wheat in Cheyenne, Scotts Bluff, and Box Butte Counties. (Andersen). KANSAS - Declined to 25-100 per row foot in most Finney County wheat April 20- 26. (DePew). Currently ranged 3,000-4,000 per 10 sweeps in wheat in Ellsworth and Barton Counties; decreasing in southwest and south-central districts. (Simpson). OKLAHOMA - Heavy, 300+ per linear foot, in wheat in northwest area. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). TURF, PASTURES, RANGELAND A COREID BUG (Esperanza texana) - SOUTH CAROLINA - Collected on Coastal Bermuda grass in Estill, Hampton County, September 27, 1965, by O. Huff. Det. by J.L. Herring. This is a new State record. (Nettles et al.). CHINCH BUG (Blissus leucopterus) - TEXAS - Heavy on sweet Sudan grass near Seguin, Guadalupe County; treatments necessary. (Massey, Apr. 26). NEW JERSEY - Active in Essex County. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). LYGUS BUGS (Lygus spp.) - UTAH - Adults of L. elisus, L. hesperus, and other Lygus spp. per 25 sweeps ranged 4-9 on alfalfa at Granger, Salt Lake County, and 2-7 at Tooele and Erda area, Tooele County. Some young nymphs at Granger. (Knowlton). GRASS BUGS - UTAH - Labops sp. (15 percent) and Irbisia sp. (85 percent) nymphs numerous in Johnson Canyon on giant rye grass 20 miles northeast of Kanab. Nymphs slightly smaller on crested wheatgrass 8 miles south of Alton. (Davis, Knowlton, Apr. 26). SAY STINK BUG (Pitedia sayi) - NEVADA - Nymphs heavy in Clark County; unusually heavy at Nellis Air Force Base. (Zoller). GREAT BASIN TENT CATERPILLAR (Malacosoma fragile) - NEVADA - Larvae completely defoliated Prunus andersoni in Peavine Mountain area; Washoe County. Damage light to heavy on this host and Purshia tridentata in other areas of southern Washoe County, western Lyon County, and Douglas, Ormsby, and Storey Counties. (Adams et al.). - 385 - A NYMPHALID BUTTERFLY (Vanessa carye) - NEVADA - Larvae medium on Sphaeralcea ambigua in Pahrump Valley, Nye County. (Johnson). A SOD WEBWORM (Crambus sp.) - COLORADO - Counts of 30-50 per square foot damaging in Boulder, Denver, Jefferson, Larimer, and Weld Counties. Destroyed about 30 percent of lawns; controls applied. (Hantsbarger et al.). NEBRASKA - Damaged lawns in Scotts Bluff and Washington Counties. (Hendricks, Leisy). FORAGE LEGUMES ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - MASSACHUSETTS - Larvae and adults 1-2 per 100 sweeps in 2 fields in Hampshire County April 20-26. Current average counts per 100 sweeps in alfalfa during survey of 5 fields in Hampshire County May 1: Adults about 4, larvae 1.5 in 2 of 5 fields. Some mating observed. (Miller). CONNECTICUT - Adults 1 per 100 sweeps; egg masses in 2 of 25 stems examined. No larvae present. (Savos, Apr. 30). NEW YORK - Adults 4 and larvae 2 per 50 sweeps in south-central Dutchess County field April 23. Egg mass in alfalfa stem April 19 at Ithaca, Tompkins County; adults 6 per 100 sweeps on 8-inch alfalfa. First adults in Cayuga County April 24; 4-5 per 10 sweeps April 26. Eggs easily found on 16-inch alfalfa. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt.). NEW JERSEY - Larval damage still insignificant in southern counties May 1; alfalfa growth 15-23 inches. (Ins.- Dis. Newsltr.). PENNSYLVANIA - No egg hatch; few spring-laid eggs found in Lackawanna County. (Gesell). DELAWARE - Larvae 7 per sweep in areas of New Castle and Kent Counties; feeding damage light to moderate. Damage moderate to heavy in some areas of Sussex County; larvae 30 per sweep. Adults, 2 per sweep, common in most fields. (Burbutis). MARYLAND - Terminal damage in fields on some farms near Eaton, Talbot County, ranged less than 1 to 85+ percent. Tip damage less than 10 percent on 18 to 20-inch alfalfa in Kent County; adults 0-15 per 10 sweeps. Damage 25-50 percent near Darlington, Harford County; adults 6-10 per 10 sweeps. Controls needed in Howard and Washington Counties. Microctonus colesi (an ichneumon) cotiected from fields at Beltsville, Prince Georges County; Bathyplectes curculionis not evident. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). OHIO - Damage to alfalfa apparently less than in spring of 1967. Damage light in numerous un- treated fields in southern area. Alfalfa growth almost 2 feet; weather favorable for crop. Egg laying delay from last fall to this spring responsible for delay in major widespread damage in southern counties. This damage in past associated with progressive alfalfa development. Larval damage may be prolonged into second cutting if oviposition occurs over extended period; duration of damage expected less with shorter egg laying period. Larvae up to 20 per sweep in Ross, Highland, and Clinton Counties; foliage damage in untreated fields from less than one to 5-10 percent. Controls applied in most quality stands. (Rose). Development slowed by unfavorable weather in Wayne, Ashland, Holmes, and Medina Counties; heavy only in portion of Wayne County. In general, no damage in these 4 counties. (Glass). Egg hatch begun in Medina County; larvae light in one area. (Thoburn). Larvae also light in Henry County. (Nicholson). INDIANA - Larvae ranged 2-63 and adults 2-21 per 10 sweeps throughout central districts; mating common. Feeding evident on 1-8 percent of alfalfa from Lafayette and Marion south to Indianapolis. Feeding injury across State between Indianapolis and Terre Haute ranged 3-40 per- cent (light to moderate); 8-12 percent in most fields. (Huber). MICHIGAN - No larvae in 5 Lenawee County fields April 24. (Ruppel, Newman). ILLINOIS - Average per 100 sweeps by district: Southeast - 3,585 larvae, 123 adults; southwest - 2,150 larvae, 38 adults; east-southeast - 844 larvae, 40 adults; west-southwest - 400 larvae, 34 adults; central - 55 larvae, 15 adults. Terminal feeding averaged 64 percent in southeast, 57 percent in southwest, 50 percent in east-southe and 7 percent in west-southwest areas. (Sturgeon). Development returned normal; hatch and larval feeding greatly increased. Most alfalfa south of line from Harrisburg to Carbondale treated once or twice. In general, controls effective in this heavily infested area. Hatch and larval feeding will increase = 386 — north of U.S. Highway 50. Treatments will be needed on some fields up to line through Jerseyville to Pana to Paris week of May 6. (I11l. Ins. Bull.). IOWA - Adult collected in Van Buren County May 1 for new county record. (lowa Ins. Sur.). MISSOURI - Larvae ranged 300-7,000 per 100 sweeps in State; heaviest in southern areas, lightest in northern sections. Adults ranged 50-300 per 100 sweeps in southwest area; pupae up to 6.5 per square foot. (Munson). KANSAS — Larvae 5 to 12 per sweep in most Finney County alfalfa. (DePew, Apr. 26). ALABAMA - Damaged Limestone County alfalfa plantings; alfalfa acreage continues to decrease due to damage. (Agee et al.). ARKANSAS - Larvae 15-20 per 100 sweeps on roadside vetch and hop clover in Poinsett County. (Boyer, Barnes) . COLORADO - Larvae 2-10 per 100 sweeps. Alfalfa growth 2-6 inches, Very few early controls in Mesa, Montrose, Delta, and Garfield Counties. Adults and eggs on alfalfa 9 miles east of Fort Collins, Weld County. (Bulla, Johnson). WYOMING - Adults difficult to find on Platte and Goshen County alfalfa April 20- 26; alfalfa growth 2 inches. Adults currently averaged less than 1 per square foot on Goshen and Laramie County alfalfa. (Parshall). UTAH - Larvae 25-75 and adults 1-3 per 10 sweeps at Hurricane April 20-26j;much less numerous in Washington and Santa Clara, Washington County. (Davis, Knowlton). Adults currently 3-8 and larvae 1-5 per 25 sweeps at Magna, Granger, and Hunter area, Salt Lake County, and Lakepoint area, Tooele County. Populations lower and larvae smaller in Erda and Tooele area, Tooele County. (Knowlton). IDAHO - First eggs of season at Marsing, Owyhee County. (Homan). CLOVER LEAF WEEVIL (Hypera punctata) - INDIANA - Generally well below relatively high levels of 1967. About 75 percent of larvae examined in central districts diseased. (Huber). ILLINOIS - Average counts per square foot in alfalfa and clover by district: East-southeast 8, west-southwest 9. (Sturgeon). WISCONSIN - Third to fifth instars on alfalfa averaged 5 per 10 sweeps in some western Dane County fields. Dead adults very common on Wood County alfalfa; second instars feeding. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). IOWA - Ranged 2-7 per square foot in all alfalfa and red clover checked in southeast area; 60 percent of larvae diseased. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). WYOMING - Larvae averaged less than 1 per square foot on Platte and Goshen County alfalfa. (Parshall, Apr. 26). CLOVER HEAD WEEVIL (Hypera meles) - MISSOURI - Adults active in red clover in Shannon and Oregon Counties; 200 per 100 sweeps in one field in Texas County. These 3 counties are new county records. (Munson). TEXAS - Larvae in crimson clover near Henderson, Rusk County, April 20-26. (Burton). Larvae currently heavy with damage to crimson clover in Bowie and Red River Counties. (Lynch, Green). A WEEVIL (Sitona scissifrons) - WISCONSIN - Averaged 4 per 10 sweeps on alfalfa, especially in Sandy soil. Heavy, 30 per. 100 sweeps taken in rye field at Spring Green. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). PEA APHID (Acyrthosiphon pisum) - DELAWARE - Ranged 1-4 per sweep in most areas; highest on alfalfa in Sussex County. (Burbutis). VIRGINIA - Ranged up to 1,500 per 100 sweeps on red clover in James City County. (Allen, Rowell). INDIANA - Counts per 10 sweeps ranged 40-180 in southern counties and 4-8 in northern counties of central district. (Huber). ILLINOIS - Larvae averaged per square foot in alfalfa by district: East-southeast 183, southeast 700, southwest 562, west-southwest 250, central 133, (Sturgeon). WISCONSIN - Increasing but still insignificant. Ranged up to 2 per sweep in some fields; few parasites. Some half-grown nymphs with wing pads; alates should appear soon. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MINNESOTA - Light, 20 per 100 sweeps, on alfalfa in east-central and southeast districts; mostly lady beetles and damsel bugs 1-5 per 100 sweeps. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). IOWA - Light, 6-40 per 10 sweeps, in alfalfa and red clover in Lee, Van Buren, Des Moines, and Henry Counties. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). SOUTH DAKOTA - Ranged up to 5 per 100 sweeps on northern Clay County alfalfa. (Kieckhefer). NEBRASKA - Light, 2-12 (average 7) per 10 sweeps, on Platte and Madison County alfalfa. (Keith, Staetz). KANSAS - Damage severe to alfalfa in Ellsworth County April 20-26; all top growth killed. Counts per sweep by county: Ottawa 500, Cloud 130, Republic 20, and Russell 30. No damage in Republic and Russell - 387 - Counties. (Harvey). Decreased in many Riley County fields April 17-26. Decreased in some cases from 3,000 per sweep to less than 100 per sweep due to heavy parasitism and extensive deterioration of plants. Continues heavy in Dickinson, McPherson, Saline and Marion Counties; 2,000-8,000 per 5 sweeps in most fields; very few parasites. Lady beetle larvae, up to 25 per 5 sweeps,becoming numerous in some fields. Current counts per 5 sweeps ranged from less than .) to 15,000 in Ellsworth, Barton, Rush, Russell, Stafford, and Reno Counties; parasites and predators effective in some fields and ineffective in others. (Simpson). MISSOURI - Light in alfalfa in most areas. Counts per 100 sweeps ranged 300- 2,500 in east-central, southeast, and southwest areas and 3,500-6,000+ in south- central area. (Munson). MISSISSIPPI - Moderate on Oktibbeha County alfalfa. (Dinkins). OKLAHOMA - Ranged 25-200 per 10 sweeps in alfalfa in north-central area. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). UTAH - Ranged 12-16 per 10 sweeps on alfalfa at Santa Clara and St. George area April 20-26; parasitism high. Ranged 3-8 at Hurricane, Washington County. (Knowlton, Davis). Currently nymphs I-5 per 10 sweeps on alfalfa at Erda, Tooele County, and 1-8 in Granger, Salt Lake County; 10 percent mature wingless females. (Knowlton). ARIZONA - Moderate on alfalfa at Cochise County; decreasing in Maricopa and Yuma Counties. Counts per 100 sweeps averaged 150 in Salt River Valley, Maricopa County, and 170-310 at Yuma, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). NEVADA - Medium on alfalfa in Logandale, Clark County. (Johnson, Zoller). IDAHO - Averaged 1 per sweep May 1 throughout Marsing, Owyhee County. (Homan). WASHINGTON - Ranged 1-5 per 25 sweeps on alfalfa in Touchet, Walla Walla County. (Featherston). MEADOW SPITTLEBUG (Philaenus spumarius) - MARYLAND - Increased on red clover in central and eastern counties. Infested 70-90 percent of plants in fields near Bowie, Prince Georges County, and 80 percent of red clover at Centreville; light to heavy on red-clover in Harford, Baltimore, Howard, and Montgomery Counties. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). INDIANA - Nymphs ranged 1-3 per stem on 3-40 percent of alfalfa and red clover checked in central districts, (Huber). WISCONSIN - Spittle masses up to 7 per 10 stems on alfalfa. Averaged 5 per 10 stems in Marquette, Dane, and Iowa Counties; none in Portage County. Many second instars present. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). THREE-CORNERED ALFALFA HOPPER (Spissistilus festinus) - ARIZONA - Averaged 40 per 100 sweeps in Pinal County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). CLOVER LEAFHOPPER (Aceratagallia Sanguinolenta) - MARYLAND - Ranged 15-25 on red clover acreage near Church Hill, Queen Annes County. Qi Mas. Ent. Dept. ) LYGUS BUGS (Lygus spp.) - MARYLAND - First instars in most red clover surveyed; heavy, 70-80 per 10 sweeps, in Darlington field. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). MINNESOTA - Active, 20 per 100 sweeps, in all alfalfa in east-central and south- east districts. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). KANSAS -. Adults numerous, 15-35 per 5 sweeps , on McPherson and Marion County alfalfa. (Simpson). WYOMING —- Adults averaged 1 per square foot on Goshen and Laramie County alfalfa. (Parshall). NEW MEXICO - Ranged 6-10 per 25 sweeps in southern Eddy County alfalfa. (Mathews). ARIZONA - Adults and nymphs equally abundant on Salt River Valley alfalfa. Counts per 100 sweeps by county: Maricopa 400, Pinal 110. Act Zee COOpE RM SUGED iE UTAH - Ranged 1-4 per 10 sweeps in alfalfa at Santa Clara and Hurricane area, Washington County; fewer in Kanab and Johnson Canyon area, Kane County, April 20-26. (Knowlton, Davis). TARNISHED PLANT BUG (Lygus lineolaris) - DELAWARE - Adults 1 per sweep on alfalfa in Sussex County; lighter in New Castle and Kent Counties. . (Burbutis). ILLINOIS - Adult counts per 100 sweeps in alfalfa by district: East-southeast 43, southeast 35, southwest 90. (Sturgeon). IOWA - Ranged 14-40 (averaged 27) per 10 sweeps on alfalfa, red clover, and alfalfa and red clover mixture in southeast counties. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). OKLAHOMA - Ranged 1-3 per 10 sweeps in alfalfa in Payne, Logan, and Noble Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). PLANT BUGS (Adelphocoris spp.) - WISCONSIN - A. rapidus first instars on alfalfa in State. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). UTAH - A. superbus nymphs 2-10 per 10 sweeps in 2 alfalfa fields at Santa Clara, Washington County. (Knowlton, Apr. 26). = 388) = A FLEAHOPPER (Spanogonicus albofasciatus) - ARIZONA - Averaged 80 per 100 sweeps on alfalfa in Buckeye area, Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). SAY STINK BUG (Pitedia sayi) - NEVADA - Adults very heavy on alfalfa in Orovada, Humboldt County. (Stitt). This is fourth area in State where large numbers reported this year. Heavy populations may develop in alfalfa seed, cotton, and grain fields later in season. (Arnett et al.). ALFALFA CATERPILLAR (Colias eurytheme) - NEW MEXICO - Adults abundant; larvae 45-60 per 25 sweeps in alfalfa in Southern Eddy County. (Mathews). WYOMING - Adults abundant in Platte and Goshen Counties. (Ribble, Parshall). CUTWORMS - UTAH - Completely prevented alfalfa growth on 20 acres on ranch in Johnson Canyon, Kane County, April 20-26. (Lindsay et al.). WISCONSIN - Spaelotis clandestina moderately heavy, 3-4 per square yard, near Nekoosa, Wood County. More prevalent in higher portions of alfalfa fields; highest in older fields with high winter kill. Plants chewed to ground in some cases. Larvae entering prepupal stage. Decreases progressively from north to south; lightest in Marquette County. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). ILLINOIS - Peridroma saucia feeding in clover in southern area; very small and few in number. (111. Ins. Bull). BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) - ARIZONA - Averaged 80 per 100 sweeps on Yuma County alfalfa. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). NEW MEXICO - Damage serious in many seedling alfalfa stands in Mesilla Valley. (N.M. Coop. Rpt.). NOCTUID MOTHS - ARIZONA - Autographa californica up to 40 per 100 sweeps on alfalfa at Yuma, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). TEXAS - Some damage by Plathypena scabra to crimson clover at Pittsburg, Camp County. (Cates, Apr. THRIPS - UTAH - Extremely numerous on alfalfa in Santa Clara and Washington area, Washington County, April 20-26. (Knowlton, Davis). NEVADA - Frankliniella occidentalis heavy with damage to leaves and buds on alfalfa in Moapa Valley, Clark County. Numbers and damage light to alfalfa in Pahrump Valley, Nye County. (Johnson, Zoller). ARIZONA - F. occidentalis light on Cochise County alfalfa. Decreased to 1,000 per 100 sweeps in Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.) . SPRINGTAILS - MARYLAND - Unusually heavy, 100-200 per 10 sweeps,in red clover field near Darlington, Harford County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). SOYBEANS MEXICAN BEAN BEETLE (Epilachna varivestis) - VIRGINIA - Higher survival predicted due to very high numbers in Soybean areas of Tidewater section in fall of 1967. Economic infestations expected earlier than usual throughout Tidewater area. (Allen). PEANUTS MEXICAN BEAN BEETLE (Epilachna varivestis) - VIRGINIA - Higher survival predicted due to very high numbers in peanut areas of Tidewater section in fall of 1967. Economic infestations expected earlier than usual throughout Tidewater area. (Allen). - 389 - COTTON BOLL WEEVIL (Anthonomus grandis) - ALABAMA - Somewhat lighter than in 1967 in central and southern areas. Negative on replanted to 4-leaf cotton in Covington County May 1. (Pike). Negative in Autauga County. (Scott). About 6 per acre in Shelby County field May 2. (Thompson et al.). TEXAS - Found southeast of Colorado City, Mitchell County, April 20-26. (Lemons). No weevils currently on 12 flight screens installed March 14 in Waco area. Total of 7 weevils collected April 10 to May 5 compared with 15 during this period in 1967. Total of 117 weevils caught during first 2 days of male sex attractant test installed April 30. No weevils taken in 12 cotton fields. (Cowan et al.). BOLLWORMS (Heliothis spp.) - TEXAS - Eggs and/or larvae on numerous wild hosts in Waco area. Of 35 larvae reared to fifth instar, all determined H. zea. (Cowan et al.). H. zea and H. virescens 5-25 per 100 terminals on cotton in lower Rio Grande Valley; feeding evident. Noctuelia rufofascialis included in this complex. (Deer, Cook). BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) - ARIZONA - Light and scattered at Queen Creek, Maricopa County. Damage severe to several fields at Yuma, Yuma County; controls applied. Larvae 30 per 100 sweeps in Pinal County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). NEW MEXICO - Damaged seedling cotton in Dona Ana County; some controls required. (N.M. Coop. Rpt.). CABBAGE LOOPER (Trichoplusia ni) - ARIZONA - Moderate in most Maricopa County fields. Treatments applied to control further seedling damage in many fields. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). CUTWORMS - TEXAS - Most infestations in Rio Grande Valley under control April 20-26. Moderate in Calhoun County; feeding in eastern Willacy County. (Deer). ARIZONA - Feltia spp. present at Yuma, Yuma County; controls applied to some fields. (ArizerCoop). Sur.) COTTON APHID (Aphis gossypii) - TEXAS - Light throughout most of Rio Grande Valley April 20-26. Currently heavy on cotton in Rio Grande Valley; parasites rapidly controlling aphids. (Deer). ARIZONA - Light on most untreated seedlings in Salt River Valley, Maricopa County, and Safford area, Graham County; some colonies on cotton at Yuma, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). COTTON FLEAHOPPER (Psallus seriatus) - TEXAS - None found in 5 treated and 7 untreated cotton fields in Waco area. Counts per sweep averaged 5.1 on evening primrose, 6.3 on horsemint, and 19.5 on wild verbena. Averaged 14 per 100 plants on croton. (Cowan et al.). Some adults noted in Calhoun County. (Cook, Deer). SPIDER MITES - TEXAS - Major concern on cotton at this time in Rio Grande Valley; no decrease noted following recent rains. (Deer, Cook). SUGARBEETS SUGAR-BEET ROOT MAGGOT (Tetanops myopaeformis) - COLORADO - Larvae and pupae still found; pupae in various developmental stages. Adults found east of Berthoud, Weld County. (Alldredge, Marsh). IDAHO - Adult emergence from field- collected maggots in laboratory in Paul, Minidoka County, April 29; 57 percent moved into top 3 inches of soil. Field emergence expected soon. (Peay). AN EPHYDRID FLY (Psilopa leucostoma) - WASHINGTON - Adult taken in Holmsted, Franklin County, for new county record. (Landis). BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) - ARIZONA - Light to moderate in most fields in Salt River Valley, Maricopa County; light on seedling plants in Cochise County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). = 380 = PALE-STRIPED FLEA BEETLE (Systena blanda) - NEBRASKA - Eggs averaged 122 per 8 by l-inch core sample in previously planted bean fields near Mitchell, Scotts Bluff County. (Hagen). POTATOES, TOMATOES, PEPPERS COLORADO POTATO BEETLE (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) - NEW JERSEY - First adults of season near Adelphia, Monmouth County. (ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). VIRGINIA - Adults ave- raged 2-3 per 8-inch potato plant in l-acre plot in James City County; feeding and mating noted. Egg masses averaged 1 per plant; no larvae present. (Allen). - ALABAMA - Overwintering adults light on potatoes in home gardens in Morgan and other northern counties; feeding and egg laying on commercial tomatoes in Geneva County. (Eich et al.). POTATO FLEA BEETLE (Epitrix cucumeris) - VIRGINIA - Adults 10 per 6-inch potato plant on 500 plants in Surry County home garden; mating evident. Adults 2 per 8-inch plant in l-acre potato patch in James City County; feeding but no mating. (Allen). DELAWARE - Adult feeding damage very light on potatoes in Kent County. (Burbutis). CORN FLEA BEETLE (Chaetocnema pulicaria) - ALABAMA - This species and other flea beetles light and widespread on tomatoes in commercial plantings and home gardens in Mobile and St. Clair Counties; most commercial acreage in St. Clair County received second control application. (Bolton et al.). VEGETABLE WEEVIL (LiStroderes costirostris obliquus) - SOUTH CAROLINA - Infested 35 percent of tomato plants in Colleton County. (Nettles et al., Apr. 30). BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) - ARIZONA - Controls applied to tomatoes at Yuma, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). TOMATO FRUITWORM (Heliothis zea) - ARIZONA - Light on green tomatoes in some backyard gardens at Phoenix, Maricopa County; some feeding. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). BEANS AND PEAS BEAN LEAF BEETLE (Cerotoma trifurcata) - VIRGINIA - Adults damaged 1 percent of string bean plants in Surry County garden; adults light, 5 per 100 sweeps in red clover field in James City County. (Allen)- ALABAMA - Overwintered adults medium to heavy on 30 percent of 5- and 6-leaf stage beans in 30-acre plahting on Chandler Mountain, St. Clair County. Fewer feeding on young beans and kudzu in Morgan, St. Clair, Cullman, and other northern counties. Controls in progress on commercial and some home garden plantings. (Rutledge et al.). MEXICAN BEAN BEETLE (Epilachna varivestis) - ALABAMA - Egg laying light on commercial bean plantings in St. Clair County. (McQueen). VIRGINIA - Adults 1+ per plant in 5 percent of string bean plants in Surry County garden. (Allen). COWPEA APHID (Aphis craccivora) - VIRGINIA - Alates light on sticky traps in Nansemond County area. (Smith). Alates on 50 percent of leaves of string beans in Surry County garden; no nymphs present. (Allen). COLE CROPS IMPORTED CABBAGEWORM (Pieris rapae) - ALABAMA - Larvae heavy on commercial cabbage and home garden plantings Statewide. Present in Blount County commercial cabbage and Morgan County home gardens; controls in progress. (McCall et al.). SOUTH CAROLINA - Light to heavy on cabbage in Charleston County; moths numerous around fields. (Nettles et al., Apr. 30). 39 DIAMONDBACK MOTH (Plutella xylostella) - UTAH - Adults extremely numerous; larvae moderate on pepper grass and Sophia spp. mustards in Delta and Oasis areas, Millard County; Santa Clara and Hurricane area, Washington County; and Kanab and Johnson Canyon area, Kane County. (Knowlton, Davis, Apr. 26). SOUTH CAROLINA - Damage heavy but local on cabbage in Charleston County. (Nettles et al., Apr. 30). CORN FLEA BEETLE (Chaetocnema pulicaria) - ALABAMA - This species and other flea beetles light and widespread on turnips in commercial plantings and home gardens in Mobile and St. Clair Counties. Most commercial acreage in St. Clair County received second control application. (Bolton et al.). CABBAGE APHID (Brevicoryne brassicae) - VIRGINIA - Moderate on cabbage in Nansemond and surrounding counties. (Smith, Allen). GENERAL VEGETABLES CABBAGE LOOPER (Trichoplusia ni) - NEW MEXICO - Continues heavy in Mesilla Valley lettuce; treatments on 2-3 day schedule. Lettuce harvest begun in area. (N.M. Coop. Rpt.). ARIZONA - Light to moderate in lettuce in Kansas Settlement area, Cochise County; controls applied. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). DINGY CUTWORM (Feltia subgothica) - PENNSYLVANIA - Heavy with severe damage to spring onions in small planting in Pike County. (Tetrault, Apr. 23). BLACK CUTWORM (Agrotis ipsilon) - DELAWARE - First adults of season 1 per night in blacklight traps in Sussex County. (Burbutis). ASPARAGUS BEETLE (Crioceris asparagi) - WASHINGTON - Adult taken in trap pan in Holmsted, Franklin County; early flight record. (Landis). ONION MAGGOT (Hylemya antiqua) - NEW JERSEY - Total of 560 taken on 6 stickyboards at Cedarville April 30. (ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). A SCARAB (Pleurophorus caesus) - WASHINGTON - Collected in Holmsted, Franklin County, for new county record. (Landis). ONION THRIPS (Thrips tabaci) - ARIZONA - Heavy in 2 fields of white onions near Luke Air Force Base, Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop). Sur)! S62 = DECIDUOUS FRUITS AND NUTS EASTERN TENT CATERPILLAR (Malacosoma americanum) - CONNECTICUT - Larvae about five-eights inch long on apples at Storrs. (Savos, Apr. 30). MARYLAND - Medium to heavy defoliation of small unsprayed apple orchard at Darlington, Harford County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). MICHIGAN - Active on cherry April 21-27. (Janes). WISCONSIN - Webs noticeable on chokecherry and apple trees. Some webs 4 inches wide in Grant County. Second instars persent. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). CODLING MOTH (Carpocapsa pomonella) - VIRGINIA - Emergence light in caged out- door material in Albemarle, Madison, and Augusta Counties. Emergence much later this year than normal. (Bobb, Allen). WASHINGTON - First adult in 1968 in sex attractant traps at Parker, Yakima County. (Hathaway, Apr. 26.). EYE-SPOTTED BUD MOTH (Spilonota ocellana) - OHIO - Larvae 1-10 per tree in block of 3-year-old apple trees in Wayne County. (Forsythe). WISCONSIN - Larvae actively feeding on new apple buds of neglected Dane County trees. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). FRUIT-TREE LEAF ROLLER (Archips argyrospilus) - CONNECTICUT - Few larvae at Glastonbury, but easily found on unsprayed trees at Storrs. (Savos, Apr. 30). ELDER SHOOT BORER (Achatodes zeae) - OHIO - Larvae fed in growing tips of elder- berries in Wayne and Jefferson Counties since April 21. Gti): ORIENTAL FRUIT MOTH (Grapholitha molesta) - VIRGINIA - Hatch moderate on peach twigs in Albemarle, Madison, and Augusta Counties. (Bobb, Allen). OHIO - Over- wintering larvae pupated; adults emerged in Wayne County. (Forsythe). WEEVILS - TEXAS - Compsus auricephalus infested peach and plum trees in Bexar County. (Kennedy, Apr. 26). ALABAMA - Conotrachelus nenuphar egg laying heavy in many small apples in commercial orchard in Coosa County; damage heavy to plums in Lee County garden. (Leeper et al.). ROSY APPLE APHID (Dysaphis pope ee - CONNECTICUT - Increased on unsprayed apple at Storrs. Savos, Apr. OHIO - Some leaf curling in Wayne County. (Forsythe). COLORADO - Hatch in Scenery nymphs on first green growth of apple. Abundant colonies expected this year due to buildup in 1967. (Bulla). APPLE APHID (Aphis pomi) - CONNECTICUT - Increased on unsprayed apple at Storrs; reported from Glastonbury. (Savos, Apr. 30). OHIO - Colonies began increasing on apple foliage by April 29 in Wayne County. (Forsythe). GREEN PEACH APHID (Myzus persicae) - COLORADO - Overwintering egg counts light compared with previous years, First hatch in late March; few colonies to date. Standard variety peaches and Bartlett pears in full bloom in Mesa County; dormant or delayed dormant spray applied to most orchards, (Bulla). WASHINGTON - First alate from woody plants, probably peach, about 10 days earlier than usual at Yakima, Yakima County. (Landis, Apr. 26). APHIDS - ARIZONA - Hysteroneura setariae colonies still active on plum and apri- cot in Salt River Valley, Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). OKLAHOMA - Eriosoma lanigerum light on Payne County apple; many aphids eaten by syrphid fly larvae, (Okla. Coop. Sur.). WISCONSIN - Most Rhopalosiphum fitchii nymphs with wing pads; some alates evident. (Wis. Ins. Sur.) OYSTERSHELL SCALE (Lepidosaphes ulmi) - WISCONSIN - Prevalent on apple trees and lilacs in Washington County. No hatch as of May 3 near Madison. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). EUROPEAN APPLE SAWFLY (Hoplocampa testudinea) - CONNECTICUT - Adults active on apples at Storrs. (Savos, Apr. 30). PEAR PSYLLA (Psylla pyricola) - CONNECTICUT - Eggs hatched at Storrs weekend of April 26, (Savos). = S388) o EUROPEAN RED MITE (Panonychus ulmi) - SOUTH CAROLINA - Active on apple in several counties, (Nettles et al., Apr. 30). VIRGINIA - First-generation eggs moderate on apples in Albemarle, Madison, and Augusta Counties. (Bobb, Allen). NEW JERSEY - Immatures in many blocks in southern counties, (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). CONNECTICUT - Overwintering eggs on apple started hatch at Woodstock and Bantam, Hatching complete for at least a week at Storrs; some immatures molted. (Savos, Apr. 30). NEW YORK - First hatch April 23 in Wayne County 5 miles south of U.S, Highway 104, (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt.). MICHIGAN - Hatching April 26 at Fennville. Apples in pink stage. Pears beginning to bloom. (Gertz, Pshea). MISSOURI - Light on southeast and northeast area apples. (Wkly. Rpt. Fr. Grs., Apr. 30). SPIDER MITES (Tetranychus spp.) - NEW YORK - T, mcdanieli adults with eggs April 25 in Clinton County. (N.Y. Wkiy. Rpt.). COLORADO - T. urticae becoming active and moving into apple trees from under bark scales in Mesa County; some eggs on first green leaves. (Bulla). PECAN NUT CASEBEARER (Acrobasis caryae) = TEXAS - Adult emergence 66 percent in Guadalupe County; 70 percent in Bastrop County; 15 percent as of May 3 at College Station, Brazos County. Damaged pecan shoots and buds in Wilbarger and Bowie Counties (New et al.) and in Stephens County (Migura et al,). NEW MEXICO - Larvae 3-4 per pecan tree in park and around homes at Carlsbad, Eddy County. (Marek, Mathews). CITRUS AN ANT (Myrmelachista -ramulorum Wheeler) - FLORIDA - Collected on sweet orange at Highland City, Polk County, January 21; 1964, by B.E. Tyner, R.R. Snell, and J.C. McLeon, Det. by D.R. Smith. This is a new United States Record. (Denmark) . This ant is known from the West Indies. It is a pest in coffee plantations in Puerto Rico where it tunnels in coffee and coffee shade trees. Attends a mealy- bug, Cryptostigma ingae, in these tunnels in living coffee trees, All stages of the mealybug and larvae and pupae of M,. ramulorum can be found in different chambers not far apart. The principal chambers are at joints, just below fruit- bearing laterals, forming points of weakness at which the branches break when the coffee berries are picked. (PPC). SMALL FRUITS MEADOW SPITTLEBUG (Philaenus spumarius) - MARYLAND - Moderate on 12 acres in Prince Georges County; moderate to heavy on one acre at Laytonville, Montgomery County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). STRAWBERRY WEEVIL (Anthonomus signatus) - MARYLAND - Moderate on 12 acres in Prince Georges County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). WESTERN FLOWER THRIPS (Frankliniella occidentalis) - CALIFORNIA - Medium in 15- acre grape vineyard at Calpella, Mendocino County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). ORNAMENTALS APHIDS - CALIFORNIA - Aphis spiraecola nymphs and adults heavy on Pittosporum tobira plants in Fresno; light on quince at Kingsburg, Fresno County. (Cale Coop. Rpt.). WISCONSIN - Neoceruraphis viburnicola began distortion of Viburnum opulus leaves in Dane County; feeding confined to leaves, (Wis. Ins, Sur. A PIT SCALE (Cerococcus deklei) - FLORIDA - Adults moderate to severe on varie- ties of Hibiscus sp. at nurseries in Miami and North Miami, Dade County. (Cervone, Sloan, Apr. 23). - 394 - OLEANDER SCALE (Aspidiotus nerii) - CALIFORNIA - Very: heavy on ceanothus in Shank Park, Oroville, Butte County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). A SOFT SCALE (Ceroplastes sp.) - VIRGINIA - Heavy, infested 80 percent of branches of Bein holly in Southampton County and Newport News, (Allen) . SOUTHERN RED MITE (Oligonychus ilicis) - VIRGINIA - Eggs highest ever seen on Japanese holly, Adults and eggs on several hundred Ilex convexa and I. tompacta at Virginia Beach, (Weidhaas, Apr. 26). FOREST AND SHADE TREES NANTUCKET PINE TIP MOTH (Rhyacionia frustrana) - ALABAMA - First-generation larvae near tips of new growth on 3-6 year pines on lawns, roadsides, and other isolated plantings in extreme northern area; some larvae entered tips. Most of first generation in tips in Southern area; Infestations variable and unpredictable due to parasites and other factors, (Eich et al.). VIRGINIA - Well-developed pupae emerged in laboratory within 3 days after field collections from Monterey and Japanese black pine. Severe and widespread on nursery stock at Virginia Beach and Richmond, (Weidhaas, Apr. 26). PINE NEEDLE MINER (Exoteleia pinifoliella) - WISCONSIN - Severe on jack pine windbreak in western Dane County; mostly pupae. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). CONIFER SAWFLIES (Neodiprion spp.) - VIRGINIA - Third instars of N. pratti pratti infested Virginia and slash pines in Richmond; light to severe with Some defolia— tion of old growth, (Matheny). Larvae numerous in Prince Edward and Mecklenburg Counties. (Bobb, Allen), MICHIGAN - N, sertifer larvae active April 23 in Kalamazoo County and April 26 in Ingham County. Hatch about half completed. Active about week earlier than previous years. (Hoffman, Wallner). CHERMIDS - MICHIGAN - Adelges cooleyi nymphs active on Douglas-fir. (Thompson, Apr. 29). WISCONSIN - A- cooleyi egg laying completed on Douglas-fir, No hatch as of May 2, All A. strobilobius hatched by May 2 at Middleton, Dane County; nymphs on needles, No flocculence as yet, Pineus strobi hatch begun on white pine in northwestern Iowa County May 3. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). PINE NEEDLE SCALE (Phenacaspis pinifoliae) - MICHIGAN - Crawlers active at Kala- mazoo April 27, (Thompson). Peak crawler emergence expected within 10-12 days. NORTH DAKOTA - Overwintering scales heavy on pine at Fargo, Cass County; controls applied. (McBride), TEXAS - On Harris County pine, (Kay). FOREST TENT CATERPILLAR (Malacosoma disstria) - FLORIDA - First adults of season collected in blacklight trap April 28 at Gainesville, Alachua County. M. ameri- canum more numerous than M. disstria on April 28; equally abundant by May 3. (Mead). MINNESOTA - Egg hatch begun May 1 in International Falls, Virginia, and Eveleth area; controls should begin May 15-20. Heavy to severe infestations expected in area between International Falls and Ely; moderate numbers will extend to Iron Range area. Some defoliation to aspen and apple trees expected in cities; controls may be necessary. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). TENT CATERPILLAR MOTHS (MalacoSoma spp.) - OHIO - Many M. americanum larvae col- lected in Washington County April 24 showed nuclear polyhedral virus disease few days later; most died. (Stairs). Little change in south area; unfavorable weather apparently inhibited feeding and growth. Larvae 0.5 to over 1.0 inch long. Numbers and damage heavy on cherry in scattered localities. (Rose). UTAH - M. fragile stripped 10-99 percent of leaves from many cottonwoods at Leeds and Leeds Canyon area. Light to moderate at Santa Clara, St. George, and Hurricane in Washington County. (Roberts, Apr. 26.). MOURNING-CLOAK BUTTERFLY (Nymphalis antiopa) - UTAH - Larvae defoliated willow at Santa Clara, Washington County. (Davis, Knowlton, Apr. 26). NEVADA - Scattered larvae light to heavy on elm at Las Vegas, Clark County. (Zoller). - 395 - SPRING CANKERWORM (Paleacrita vernata) - WISCONSIN - Shot holes in half-grown elm leaves at site near Mazomanie; first and second instars present. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). OHIO - Hatch begun; young larvae on some American elm foliage in Portage County. (Gilbertson, Apr. 25). LARCH CASEBEARER (Coleophora laricella) - WISCONSIN - Feeding completed on Euro- pean larch at MiddIeton, Dane County. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). ELM LEAF BEETLE (Pyrrhalta luteola) - NEBRASKA - Emerging from hibernation and moving to elms in Harlan County. (Peterson). OKLAHOMA - Adult foliar damage 5-10 percent on elms in north-central and northwest areas; new egg clusters in Major and Alfalfa Counties, (Okla. Coop. Sur.). TEXAS - Mostly light to moderate in Foard, Wilbarger, Ward, Reagan, Upton, and Glasscock Counties; only adult damage. (Neeb, Boring). NEW MEXICO - Adult feeding begun on new foliage at Albuquerque, Bernalillo County; no eggs on Siberian elm April 21-27. (Heninger). COTTONWOOD LEAF BEETLES (Chrysomela Scripta complex) - ALABAMA - First-generation larvae on willows in native Stands and aS Ornamentals as far north as St. Clair County. No overwintered adults or larvae in Marshall, Cullman, Morgan, Cherokee, and other extreme northern counties, (McQueen). IMPORTED WILLOW LEAF BEETLE (Plagiodera versicolora) - NEW JERSEY - Active in Hunterdon County. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). ELM BORER (Saperda tridentata) - NEBRASKA - Larvae, pupae, and adults abundant in dead and dying elms at Lincoln, Lancaster County. (Keith, Peterson). SMALLER EUROPEAN ELM BARK BEETLE (Scolytus multistriatus) - NEBRASKA - First- generation adult emergence well underway at Lincoln, Lancaster County. (Roselle et al.). BIRCH LEAF MINER (Fenusa pusilla) - CONNECTICUT - Adults active in many parts of State; no egg laying. (Savos, May 1). DELAWARE Adults on foliage April 29. (MacCreary). ARMORED SCALES - VIRGINIA - Melanaspis tenebricosa severe citywide on silver maple at Newport News. (Beal), WISCONSIN = Chionaspis furfura hatch complete on red- osier dogwood; about half of crawlers still beneath old scales. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). GIANT BARK APHID (Longistigma caryae) - MARYLAND - Several colonies on willow oak at Hyattsville, Prince Georges County. Ranged 400-500 per colony with about one- third alates. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). TENNESSEE - Found on red and water oak in Shelby County. (Williams, Heinrichs). OKLAHOMA - Averaged 5 per square inch of bark on Payne County hickory; many in flight. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). A GALL WASP (Callirhytis punctata) - TENNESSEE - Heavy on red oak in Shelby County. (Williams, Heinrichs). MAN AND ANIMALS MOSQUITOES - CALIFORNIA - Increased during few warm days; drying north winds, which followed warm days, reduced nuisance by depleting moisture in hills and grasslands, (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). NEVADA - Culiseta inornata and Culex tarsalis larvae heavy at Las Vegas and Henderson, Clark County; C. tarsalis dominant. (Milner), UTAH - Adults active at Lakepoint, Tooele County. (Knowlton). MINNESOTA - Total of 877 larval collections in Metropolitan Mosquito Control District April 21-27 included 13 Aedes species and 2 Culiseta species. C. inornata in 172 of collections; A. cinereus and A, excrucians in 66 and 65, respectively. No Aedes adults, (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). SCREW-WORM (Cochliomyia hominivorax) - Total of 16 cases reported in U.S. April 28-May 4 as follows: TEXAS - 13, ARIZONA - 2, CALIFORNIA - 1. Total of 327 cases - 396 - reported in portion of Barrier Zone in Republic of Mexico as follows: Baja California 2, Territorio sur de Baja California 30, Sonora 195, Chihuahua 12, Coahuila 19, Nuevo Leon 18, Tamaulipas 51. Total of 29 cases reported in Mexico south of Barrier Zone. . Barrier Zone is area where eradication operation under- way to prevent establishment of self-sustaining population in U.S, Sterile screw-worm flies released: Texas 15,368,000; Arizona 400,000; California 200,000; Mexico 86,110,000. (Anim. Health Div.). BLACK BLOW FLY (Phormia regina) - UTAH - Generally active throughout Washington and Kane Counties, (Knowlton, Apr. 26). HORN FLY (Haematobia irritans) - ALABAMA - Continued to increase statewide, especially in Bibb County. Controls applied in Bibb, St. Clair, Wilcox, and other counties. (Odom et al.). MISSISSIPPI - Moderate on beef cattle in Oktib- beha, Lowndes, and Yazoo Counties; treatment applied. (Dinkins). MISSOURI - Ranged 3-310 per animal (averaged 100) on 5 Boone County farms, (Thomas). NEBRASKA - Ranged 50-75 per Angus bull (light) and 25-50 per cow at farm in Lincoln, Lancaster County. (Campbell). OKLAHOMA - Ranged 100-200 per head on most cattle in north-central and northwest areas. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). FACE FLY (Musca autumnalis) - WASHINGTON - Heavy in houses near livestock areas in Walla Walla, Yakima, and Klickitat Counties. (Moulton et al., Apr. 26). IDAHO - Males collected April 23, 1968, from walls of courthouse at Weiser, Washington County. (Hackler). This is a new county record, (PPC), OHIO —- Overwintering adults continue moderate on cattle in south area; 7 per face on dairy herd in Highland County. (Rose). MISSOURI - Ranged 0-5 per animal (averaged 2) in Boone County. (Thomas). COMMON CATTLE GRUB (Hypoderma lineatum) - OKLAHOMA - Annoying, 1 per 10 head (light), to Payne County cattle. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). HORSE FLIES (Tabanus spp.). - MISSISSIPPI - Moderate on Yazoo County beef cat- tle. (Dinkins). OKLAHOMA - Ranged up to 200 per head on isolated Muskogee County cattle. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). CATTLE LICE - ALABAMA - Heavy on several Bibb County beef herds due to contin- uous buildup during winter. (Odom). UTAH - Only 5 percent of beef animals treated past winter in Garfield County; many more usually treated. (Lindsay, Knowlton, Apr. 26). EAR TICK (Otobius megnini) - UTAH - Problem on beef cattle at Escalante, Gar- field County, and over much of Kane County. (Lindsay, Knowlton, Apr. 26.). HARD-BACKED TICKS - WISCONSIN - Dermacentor variabilis activity begun in Sauk County. (Wis. Ins, Sur.). NORTH DAKOTA —- D. variabilis widespread and annoying man and dogs, (McBride), OKLAHOMA - Amblyomma americanum counts per drag in Cherokee County: Females 7, males 10, and nymphs 15. Annoying man around north-central and east-central recreation areas. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). BROWN RECLUSE SPIDER (Loxosceles reclusa) - ALABAMA - Specimen in home at Centre, Cherokee County, for new county record. (Young et al.). HOUSEHOLDS AND STRUCTURES TERMITES - FLORIDA - First reproductive adults of Kalotermes snyderi of season at Gainesville lights, (Hetrick, Apr. 26). ALABAMA - Large Reticulitermes flavipes flights continue to emerge from stumps, buildings, and.other areas in east section, (Barwood et al.). TEXAS - Reticulitermes sp. heavy in Harris County. (Texas Coop. Rpt., Apr. 26). WYOMING - Reticulitermes spp. infested 2 homes at Cody, Park County. (Hurich). - 397 - CARPENTER BEE (Xylocopa virginica) - ALABAMA - Numerous adults boring into timbers of older buildings in several Lee County locations. (Barwood). BENEFICIAL INSECTS AN ENCYRTID WASP (Carabunia myersi Waterston) - FLORIDA - Female swept from grasses along seashore on Dodge Island, Miami, Dade County, Collected April 14, 1967, by C.S, Stegmaier. Det. by B,D. Burks. This is a new United States record, (Stegmaier),. This wasp parasitizes nymphs of Cercopidae in the West Indies, Jamaica, Cuba, El Salvador, and in Central America, (PPC.). ICHNEUMON WASPS - FLORIDA - Male Tromatobia notator collected on "cherry" at Sebring, Highlands County. (Morris, Feb. 12). Second specimen and first male of species in State Collection of Arthropods, (Weems), INDIANA - Probably Bathyplectes curculionis heavily parasitized alfalfa weevil larvae in Knox County alfalfa field, (Anderson et al.). LADY BEETLES - ARIZONA - Hippodamia convergens counts per 100 sweeps; 20 on saf- flower and 50 on alfalfa in Maricopa County; 60 on Pinal County alfalfa. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). UTAH - Four species present but not numerous on Tooele and Salt Lake County alfalfa. (Roberts). OKLAHOMA - H, convergens 3 per row foot (heavy) on wheat in panhandle area. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). TENNESSEE - Lady beetle larvae and adults feeding on giant bark aphids at Memphis, Shelby County. (Williams, Heinrichs), ILLINOIS - Lady beetles averaged 178 per 100 sweeps on alfalfa in southern third of State. (Sturgeon). INDIANA - Coleomegilla maculata adults attacking alfalfa weevil larvae on several occasions, Very low pea aphid popu- lations probably due to presence of predators, Adults ranged 2-8 per 10 sweeps on alfalfa throughout southern two-thirds of State. (Huber). DELAWARE - C, maculata adults very common on alfalfa throughout State. (Burbutis). pr GREEN LACEWINGS (Chrysopa spp.) - ARIZONA - Counts per 100 sweeps by county: Pinal - 30 on alfalfa; Maricopa - 20 on alfalfa and safflower. (Griz Coop. Surk))- UTAH - Adults and occasional larvae 1-2 per 25 sweeps on Salt Lake and Tooele County alfalfa. (Knowlton). HETEROPTEROUS PREDATORS - DELAWARE - First Orius insidiosus adults of season 1 per 10 sweeps on alfalfa in Kent and Sussex Counties, (Burbutis). ILLINOIS - Damsel bug adults averaged 63 per 100 sweeps on alfalfa in south third of State. (Sturgeon). UTAH - Nabis alternatus and N. ferus 1-7 per 25 sweeps on alfalfa at Lakepoint and Granger area of Tooele and Salt Lake Counties. (Knowlton). ARIZONA - N. ferus averaged 120 per 100 sweeps on Maricopa County alfalfa. Orius spp. averaged 300 per 100 sweeps on alfalfa and 30 on safflower in Maricopa County. Geocoris spp. averaged 60 per 100 sweeps on Maricopa County alfalfa. Zelus spp. averaged 20 per 100 sweeps on Maricopa County safflower. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). SYRPHID FLIES - UTAH - Adults of 3 predacious species common in Salt Lake and Tooele County alfalfa. (Knowlton). FEDERAL AND STATE PLANT PROTECTION PROGRAMS GRASSHOPPERS - ARIZONA - Trimerotropis spp. adults lightly scattered throughout Salt River Valley in Maricopa County. One band in Safford area for 2 days before moving on in Graham County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). NEVADA - Mostly first and second instars of Oedaleonotus enigma in Pumpernickel Valley, Humboldt County, and in Reese River Valley, south of Battle Mountain, Lander County. (Burnett, Maloney). UTAH - Hatch begun April 24 in fields at Santa Clara and Washington, Washington County; several first instars collected. (Knowlton). IDAHO - First and second instars, probably Melanoplus sanguinipes and O. enigma, - 398 - in western area, (PPC). NEBRASKA - Hatch begun in panhandle area. (Andersen, Ohlenbusch). NORTH DAKOTA - Egg development in cropland areas of Richland and Ransom Counties similar to 1967, Development 16 percent clear, 51 percent coag- ulated, 16 percent eyespot, and 17 percent segmented. Predators light; no pre- dation of egg pods evident; 4 percent of eggs desiccated. (Brandvik). MINNE- SOTA - Egg development ahead of 1967 in sandy areas of east-central and south- east districts; some hatch of Camnula pellucida in Anoka and Isanti Counties. Few Arphia spp. present; noneconomic, Melanoplus bivittatus eggs in early eye- spot in Sandy soil and in coagulation stage in heavy Soil. M. femurrubrum eggs clear to well coagulated; predominant species in State. All M. packardii eggs early eyespot in sandy areas. Predators rare in all fields surveyed. Popula- tions in 1968 will be somewhat higher than in 1967, especially in central area. Weather conditions immediately after hatch will determine degree of infestations, (Minn, Ins, Rpt.). WISCONSIN - Second instars of Dissosteira carolina near road- sides in Iowa and Marquette Counties, (Wis. Ins. Sur.). CARIBBEAN FRUIT FLY (Anastrepha suspensa) - FLORIDA - Infested all peaches in garden at Winter Haven, Polk County. (Haley, Apr. 30). Larvae infested grape- fruit at grove on estate at Sebring, Highlands County (Morris), and Surinam cherry at Orlando, Orange County (Shirley) April 25, CEREAL LEAF BEETLE (Oulema melanopus) - MICHIGAN - Adults very active on warm days April 22-29, Most adults feeding on oats, (Gomulinski), Expected to feed on early planted oats and bypass wheat. (Ruppel, Jones). CITRUS BLACKFLY (Aleurocanthus woglumi) - MEXICO - Infested 51 trees on 8 prop- erties at Linares and Allende during inspection of 35,129 trees on 1,053 prop- erties in 8 municipios of Nuevo Leon and Tamaulipas; aggregate of 14,223 trees on 598 properties sprayed at Linares and Allende. (PPC Mex. Reg., Mar. Rpt.). IMPORTED FIRE ANT (Solenopsis saevissima richteri) - TEXAS - Infestation at San Augustine, San Augustine County. Prevalent in southern end of county. (Bene- field, Apr. 26). MORMON CRICKET (Anabrus simplex) - NEVADA - First instars light in hills north of Elko County. (Burnett, Maloney). PINK BOLLWORM (Pectinophora gossypiella) - TEXAS - Collected 7 in light traps but none in sex lure traps at Waco. (Cowan et al.). ARIZONA - Moth emergence increasing from experimental cages at Mesa, Maricopa County. (Fullerton). MEXICO - Collected 60 moths from 75 sex lure traps during 225 inspections in Mexicali and San Luis Valleys. Larval counts in 4 representative fields out of 18 inspected at Mexicali, Baja California, as follows: 1,500 live larvae per acre in standing stalks; 450 in plowed and unshredded stalks; 350 in shredded and disced stalks; and 50 in shredded and plowed stalks. Total of 2,150 live larvae per acre in shredded and unplowed stalks in 2 fields at San Luis R.C., Sonora. Bloom inspection negative on 2,704 acres at Los Mochis and Guasave, Sinaloa. (PPC Mex. Reg., Mar. Rpt.). WHITE-FRINGED BEETLES (Graphognathus spp.) - ALABAMA - Larval damage isolated on young corn in several Geneva County fields along with some wireworm damage. Larvae heavy on cotton, corn, tomatoes, and peanuts throughout Houston County; mostly 2 per corn plant and 1 per plant on cotton and peanuts. Damaged root systems. (Reynolds, Roney). MISSISSIPPI - Medium on Burford holly in George County; about 25 percent of plants dead and another 25 percent damaged in acre plot. (Snowden, Sumerall). - 399 - INSECT DETECTION New United States Records An ANT (Myrmelachista ramulorum Wheeler) - FLORIDA - Collected on sweet orange at Highland City, Polk County, January 21, 1964, by R.E. Tyner, R.R. Snell, and J.C. McLeon. Det. by D.R. Smith. (Denmark). This ant is known from the West Indes and is a pest in coffee plantations in Puerto Rico. (PPC). (p. 393). An ENCYRTID WASP (Carabunia myersi Waterston) - FLORIDA - Female swept from grasses along seashore on Dodge Island, Miami, Dade County. Collected April 14, 1967, by C.S. Stegmaier. Det. by B.D. Burks. (Stegmaier). This wasp parasitizes nymphs of Cercopidae in the West Indies, Jamaica, Cuba, El Salvador, and in Central America. (PPC). (p. 397). New State Record A COREID BUG (Esperanza texana) - SOUTH CAROLINA - Collected on Coastal Bermuda grass in Estill, Hampton County, September 27, 1965, by O. Huff. Det. by J. Herring. (p. 384). New County and Island Records ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - IOWA - Van Buren County. (p. 386). CLOVER HEAD WEEVIL (Hypera meles) - MISSOURI - Shannon, Oregon, and Texas Counties. (p. 386). An EPHYDRID FLY (Psilopa leucostoma) - WASHINGTON - Franklin County. (p. 389). A SCARAB (Pleurophorus caesus) - WASHINGTON - Franklin County. (p. 391). FACE FLY (Musca autumnalis) - IDAHO - Washington County. (p. 396). BROWN RECLUSE SPIDER (Loxosceles reclusa) - ALABAMA - Cherokee County. (p. 396). A THRIPS (Parthenothrips dracaenae) - HAWAII - Hawaii Island. (ME 400)R CORRECTIONS CEIR 18(18):355 - CLOVER MITE (Bryobia praetiosa) - SOUTH CAROLINA - Note should be in HOUSEHOLDS AND STRUCTURES section of CEIR. - 400 - HAWAII INSECT REPORT Turf, Pasture - Larvae and pupae of a GRASS WEBWORM (Herpetogramma licarsisalis) heavy on 25 acres of Kikuyu grass (95 percent defoliated) at Kahakuloa, Maui; larvae and adults medium, damage slight, on 15 acres of Bermuda and Kikuyu grass pasture at Haiku. Damaged pasture and lawn grasses at ranch on east Molokai, (Miyahira). Vegetables - GREENHOUSE WHITEFLY (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) medium to heavy in many Snap bean fields at Waimanalo; medium on tomato at Waialua; medium to heavy en snap bean, eggplant, and cucumber at Waianae, Oahu. (Yamamoto, Funasaki). CARMINE SPIDER MITE (Tetranychus telarius) continued heavy and troublesome in most snap bean and watermelon fields at Waianae, Oahu. (Yamamoto). Fruits - Approximately 40 early instar larvae of LARGE MANGO TIP BORER (Bombotelia jocosatrix) taken from young terminal mango leaves on three trees at Waimanalo, 40 early to middle instars from 30 trees at Makaha, 9 early to late instars from tree in Punahou area of Honolulu on Oahu. (Au, Funasaki). A STINK BUG (Plautia stali) adult at light in Ala Moana Park at Honolulu, Oahu. (Shiroma). Ornamentals - HIBISCUS LEAF MINER (Parectopa hibiscella) outbreak severely damaged 8-foot hibiscus hedges in local area at Hickam Air Force Base, Honolulu, Oahu. Cocoons averaged 5 per leaf on ventral surfaces; adults heavy. Outbreaks few in State. (Takabayashi). Several specimens of a THRIPS (Parthenothrips dracaenae) taken in quarantine on leaves of panax (Polyscias sp.) cuttings March 12 at Hilo, Hawaii Island, for new island and host records, Previously reported only from Oahu and Maui, (Shiroma). Forest and Shade Trees - A PSYLLID (Psylla uncatoides) trace on koa trees at Waimanalo, Kaneohe, and Honolulu on Oahu. Up to 2 per 5 sweeps from 10 trees in each area. (Funasaki). Man and Animals - A MILLIPED (Oxidus gracilis) nuisance for residents at Pukalani, Maui; hundreds on floors and walls. Active but not as abundant at Wailuku. (Miyahira). Weather of the week continued from page 380. accompanied by strong winds and damaging hail. In the Southeast, the showers occurred early in the week and over the weekend. Amounts were mostly about an inch with only spots receiving more than 2 inches. In the Northeast, most areas received less than 0.50 inch of rain during the week with a few local rains ex- ceeding 1 inch. TEMPERATURE: The West warmed during the week and averaged several degrees above normal, reversing the trend that had persisted in many areas for 4 weeks. Much of the northern and central Great Plains warmed to the middle and upper 80's on 2 or 3 days. Lincoln, Nebraska, registered 94° on Wednesday when temperatures in many Nebraska and Kansas localities reached the 90's. Afternoon temperatures reached the 80's over southern and central Pennsylvania on Friday when some 90° readings were noted in Virginia. Temperatures turned sharply colder in the Northeast over the weekend and by Sunday morning, Indiana, Ohio, and West Vir- ginia had reached 32° and lower with probable damage to fruit in Some areas. Temperatures over the Appalachians and Atlantic Coastal States and across the South from Texas to Georgia averaged a few degrees cooler than normal. In New York it was the first cooler-than-normal week since March. (Summary supplied by Environmental Data Service, ESSA.) - 401 1Q nN nN > i od (oe) of aN I ~ | | =] Q Q ima] [aa] u N N ° Eg > 9 a 5 fo) nN q 6 3 a cr} ° a mi wn N & @ ~ co) H é 3 at 0 ie) Pr) © 2 = @ - Ea 9 = U SS SS o rr] ire) of fe) S H 1 SS 1 fe) ° + (ee) re} t q I 4 - nN ' nN ~N é nN i Te) a fe) S S S io) vf nN tf 1 N 0 o) 1) q ~ fe) vo 1 eo} ) SS vt O) nN SS © Le} a te) a Ss (ire) nN w a nl o ol i) eal > < dt a He cel at wt te, a > a Aad > ie] AN q a PP Ad ® 4 >S 2a we = o -b H> Ho 3 nut HO ot aq a no aS cal qd nan 9) An no na ~ Coal re) Ze a - Hae te HO O8 qo NOY OD 4 =x ZO NO NP RO OH AHS OB e) * aA MHD NA SMe RMF NS Pr oO = ro el a] ro] < = Ms = = 3° & = * TECHNIQUES TO DETERMINE LOSSES Selected References 1958-1959* Parte Additional copies of Parts I and II of this bibliography are available from Sur- vey and Detection Operations. References BURKHARDT, C, C,. 1959. What methods do you use in estimating the extent of losses caused by forage crop insects? Ent. Soc. Amer. No. Cent. Br. Proc. 14:75- Ute Contents: a, Western U.S., by C. C. Burkhardt; b, Estimating losses caused by grass insect pests, by K. J. Starks; c, Methods used in estimating the extent of losses caused by forage crop insects in Wisconsin, by P.W. Smith CLOWER, D. F. 1958. Damage to corn by the southern green stink bug. J. Econ. Ent. 51(4):471-473. EVERLY, R, T. 1958. Evaluation of population estimates and the rate of loss of forage for the meadow spittlebug, Philaenus leucophthalmus (L.). Indiana Acad. Sci. Proc. 68:171-185. Refs. EWAN, H. G. 1958. The use of the host size and density factor in appraising the damage potential of a plantation insect. Internat. Cong. Ent. (Ottawa). Proc. 10(4) :363-367. Aphrophora saratogensis FARRIER, M. H., GUTHRIE, F. E. and RABB, R. L. 1959. Tobacco foliage loss to hornworms and budworms in North Carolina, 1957 and 1958. J. Econ. Ent. 52(4):761- WO FERNANDO, H. E. 1959. Storage loss of paddy due to Sitotroga cerealella and its control. Internat. Rice Comm. Newsltr. 8(1):20-25. GIESE, R. L. and BENJAMIN, D. M. 1959. Balsam gall midge damage appraisal survey. U.S. Dept. Agr. Coop. Econ. Ins. Rpt. 9(10):159-162. GIESE, R. L. and BENJAMIN, D. M. 1959. Balsam gall midge damage appraisal survey. Addendum. U.S. Dept. Agr. Coop. Econ. Ins. Rpt. 9(12):208. GOULD, G. E. 1959. Methods of estimating losses caused by insects of vegetable crops. Ent. Soc. Amer. No. Cent. Br. Proc. 14:80-81. HARRIS, H. M. 1959. Insect losses - a project of the committee on agricultural pests of the agricultural board, NAS-NRC, Ent. Soc. Amer. No. Cent. Br. Proc. 14:70-71. HIBBS, E. T., GUTHRIE, W. D. and NEISWANDER, C. R. 1958. The yield performance of a resistant and a susceptible field corn hybrid under different intensities of European corn borer infestation. Ohio Agr. Expt. Sta. Res. Bul. 818, 27 pp. * Additional citations for 1960-1966 are included at the end of this list. - 402 - - 403 - ISHIKURA, H. 1958. Estimation of rice losses caused by the rice stem borer. Internat. Cong. Ent. Proc. 10(3):325-327. Chilo suppressalis JOHNSON, N. E. and HEIKKENEN, H. J. 1958. Damage to the seed of Douglas-fir by the Douglas-fir cone midge. Forest Sci. 4(4):274-282. Refs. KANIA, CZ. and SEKULA, J. 1959. Estimates of losses in yield of corn due to European corn borer (Pyrausta nubilalis Hbn., Lep., Pyralidae). Pol. Pismo Ent. Ser. B. 3-4(15/16):139-146. In Pol., Engl. Sun. KELSEY, J. M. 1958. Damage in ryegrasses by Hyperodes griseus Hust. N. Zeal. J. Agr. Res. 1(5):790-795. Refs. KELSEY, J. M. 1958. Damage by clover casSe-bearer caterpillars. N. Zeal. J. Agr. Res. 1(4):525-526. KING, K. M. and FORBES, A. R. 1958. Ten years' field study of methods of evaluating root maggot damage and its control by chemicals in early cabbage. Internat. Cong. Ent. Proc. 10(3):307-311. Hylemya brassicae in Canada MICHALSKI, J. and WITKOWSKI, Z. 1959. Observations on damage caused by the feed of Blastophagus piniperda L. (Coleoptera. Scolytidae) in pine stand of age- class I. Sylwan 103(2):45-59, Maps. In Pol., Engl. Sun. i.e. Myelophilus NERNEY, N. J. 1958. Grasshopper infestations in relation to range condition. J. Range Mgt. 11(5):247. Includes loss data PRENTICE, R, M. and CAMPBELL, A, E, 1959. Volume loss of pulpwood in Manitoba caused by wood borers. Forest Chron. (Toronto) 35(2):142-145. Ref. PRUESS, K. P. and WEAVER, C. R. 1958. Estimation of red clover yield losses caused by the clover root borer. J. Econ. Ent. 51(4):491-492. RAATIKAINEN, M. and TINNILA, A, 1959. The effect of the damage to oats caused by Calligypona pellucida F. on the acreages and yields of oats in Finland. Suomen Maataloustiet. Seura. Maataloustiet. Aikakausk. 31(1):49-66, Maps. In Finn., Engl. Sum. ROGOFF, W. M. 1959. Estimating or determining losses caused by external para- sites of livestock. Ent. Soc. Amer. No. Cent. Br. Proc. 14:67. TIITTANEN, K. 1958. The damage of the frit fly (Oscinella frit L.) in the spring and winter cereals on the basis of the examinations in 1948--1947. Sci. Agr. Soc. Finland J. 30(3):207-208. Dates probably should read 1948--1957. VANDERPLANK, F. L. 1959. Studies on the coconut pest, Pseudotheraptus wayi Brown (Coreidae), in Zanzibar. II. Some data on the yields of coconuts in rela- tion to damage caused by the insect. Bul. Ent. Res. 50(1):135-149. - 404 - VARIS, A. L. 1959. Some bugs of the group of L. pratensis as pests of sugar- beets. Valt. Maatalousk. Julk. (Helsinki). 178:132-138. Refs. in Finn. * OK OK K KK KK KK KK KK K KK K KK *K ADDITIONAL REFERENCES 1960 - 1966 ADKISSON, P. L. 1963. Bollworm can be costly. Farm Chem. 126(2):40. Reduction in cotton yield due to Heliothis zea ADKISSON, P. L., HANNA, R. L. and BAILEY, C. F. 1962. Cotton yield and quality losses resulting from various size populations of bollworms. Tex. Agr. Expt. Sta. Prog. Rpt. 2235, 5 pp. ALLEN, W. R., ASKEW, W. L. and SCHREIBER, K, 1961. Insecticidal control of the sugar-beet root maggot and yield of sugar beets. J. Econ. Ent. 54(1):178-181. BUCKLEY, B. R. and BURKHARDT, C. C. 1962. Corn earworm damage and loss in grain sorghum. J. Econ. Ent. 55(4):435-439. BURKHARDT, C. C. 1963. Insect damage in grain sorghum. Ent. Soc. Amer. No. Cent Br. Proc. sis). Includes means of estimating losses CALIFORNIA DEPT, OF AGRICULTURE. BUR, OF ENTOMOLOGY. 1965. Estimated damage and crop loss caused by insect/mite pests, 1964. Calif. Bur. Ent. Plant Quar. Mem. E-82-7, 13 pp. CLARK, E. C. and SCHENK, J. A, 1962. Damage caused by the Engelmann spruce weevil in northern Idaho. J. Forestry 60(11):821-823. COOMBES, M. N. and DAVIDSEN, O, 1962. An estimate of the loss caused by the stalk borer at Benares Sugar Estate. Rev. Agr. et Sucr. de 1*Ile Maurice 41(4): 201-202. DANIELS, N. E, 1962. Economic greenbug control. Texas Agr. Prog. 8(2):27-28. DAVIDSON, A. and SANTOS SEARA, H, 1966. The incidence and losses caused by pink bollworm and other pests on cotton yield in northeast Brazil. FAO Plant Protect. Bul. 4(14):80-85. DEMARS, C,. J., JR. 1964. Predicting insect-caused damage to Douglas-fir seed from Samples of young cones. Pacific S. West. Forest Range Expt. Sta. Res. Note No. 40, 7 pp. FARRIER, M. H., FINKNER, A, L. and GUTHRIE, F. E, 1964. Sampling and estima- tion of flue-cured tobacco foliage losses caused by hornworms and budworms in North Carolina. Tobacco Sci. 8:53-56. GENTRY, J. W. 1966. Status report on insect loss information, 1966. Ent. Soc. Amer. No. Cent. Br. Proc. 21:65-67. HASTINGS, E, 1960. Evaluation of insect losses; the alfalfa weevil: an example. Ent. Soc. Amer. Bul. 6(2):86-87. Hypera postica - 405 - IRODOVA, F. N. 1964. On the economic importance of the damage to winter-wheat grains by the noxious pentatomid. Trudy vses. Inst. Zashch. Rast. (Leningrad) 20(1):56-60. Refs. In Rus., Engl. Sum. Eurygaster integriceps KOK, L. T. and Varghese, G. 1966. Yield losses due to lepidopterous stem borer infestation of rice (Oryza sativa). Trop. Agr. (St. Augustine) 43(1):69-73. Chilotraea polychrySa in Malaysia LEGOWSKI, T. J. and GOULD, H. J. 1960. Losses of dry harvesting peas due to pea moth in East Anglia and the economics of control measures. Plant Path. (London) 9(4):119-126. Laspeyresia nigricana MCKINLAY, K. S. 1965. Insect damage, crop formation and the yield of coconuts. Bul. Ent. Res. 56(1):67-78. MAGNER, J. M. 1966. Where do we Stand on insect loss information? Ent. Soc. Amer. No. Cent. Br. Proc. 21:67-68. MARTY, R. and MOTT, D. G, 1964. Evaluating and scheduling white-pine weevil control in the Northeast. U.S. Forest Serv. Res. Pap. NE-19, 56 pp. MATHES, R., CHARPENTIER, L, J. and MCCORMICK, W. J. 1960. Losses caused by the sugarcane borer in Louisiana. Internat. Soc. Sugar Cane Technologists Congress (1959) Proc. 10:919-921. MILNE, D. L. 1962. Gall midges (Cecidomyidae) causing seed losses in red and white clovers. South Afr. J. Agr. Sci. 5(1):89-94.. PANEL. 1966. Where do we stand on insect losses information? Ent. Soc. Amer. No. Cent. Br. Proc. 21:62-68. Moderator: A. C. Dowdy SANDHU, J. S. 1966. Nature and extent of damage to Sugarcane caused by white- fly (Aleurolobus barodensis Mask) in the Punjab. J. Res. (Punjab. Agr. Univ.) 3(4): - SIDDIQI, Z. A. 1965. Estimate of losses from sugarcane pests in Bihar. Indian Sugarcane J. 9(2):105-107. Monetary SIDORYK, S. 1965. Contribution to the research on the method of estimating losses due to Colorado beetles (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say). Posnan Inst. Ochrony Roslin. Biul. 30:13-26. In Pol., Engl. Sum. On potato plants SURENDRA DEO MISRA and PUTMAN, L. G. 1966. The damage potential of the grass- hopper, Camnula pellucida (Scudd.) (Orthoptera: Acrididae) on pastures and ranges in Canada. Indian J. Ent. 28(2):224-233. TESCIC, T. 1963. Detection of frit fly eggs in oat panicles and larval damage to grain. Plant Path. 12(1):40-44. - 406 - WALKER, P. T. 1965. The distribution of loss of yield in maize and of infesta- tions of maize stem borer in East Africa. Int. Symp. Crop Protect. Symposium Di LOG: Busseola fusca WATSON, T. F., ARANT, F. S., EDEN, W. G, and SCONYERS, M. C. 1965. Effect of several insecticides and application schedules on cotton insect control. Ala. Nexo a Mr{ieg Mieebe xe Toko SXete5 NOG Eksp 6) 1996 WILSON, L. F. 1966. Life history, habits, and damage of the boxelder leaf gall midge, Contarinia negundifolia Felt (Diptera; Cecidomyiidae) in Michigan. Canad. Ent. 98(7):777-784. woo, W. C., YIEN, Y. H. and TSAI, N. H. 1965. A discussion on the method for estimating yield loss caused by the European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis) and control index at whorl stage of spring-sown corn in Peking. Acta Phytophyl. Sin. 4(4) :323-328. In Chin., Engl. Sum. U.S. Dept. Agr. Prepared in Plant Pest Control Coop. Econ. Ins. Rpt. Division 18 (19) :402-406, 1968 VOL. 18 No. 20 May 17, 1968 aye) “833 C7] eT Coopera tive ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT Issued by PLANT PEST CONTROL DIVISION AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE PLANT PEST CONTROL DIVISION SURVEY AND DETECTION OPERATIONS The Cooperative Economic Insect Report is issued weekly as a service to American Agriculture. Its contents are compiled from information supplied by cooperating State, Federal, and industrial entomologists and other agricultural workers. In releasing this material the Division serves as a clearing house and does not assume responsibility for ac- curacy of the material. All reports and inquiries pertaining to this release, including the mailing list, should be sent to: Survey and Detection Operations Plant Pest Control Division Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Federal Center Building Hyattsville, Maryland 20782 Volume 18 May 17, 1968 Number 20 COOPERATIVE ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT HIGHLIGHTS Current Conditons ARMY CUTWORM damaging in Wyoming and Nevada. ARMYWORM larvae on small grains in southeast Missouri. Heavy PAINTED LADY larval migrations continue over California; flights heavy in Nevada, Idaho, and Nebraska. (p. 410). First EUROPEAN CORN BORER adults of season in Delaware and Missouri. VARIEGATED CUTWORM heavy in north-central Texas (p. 411) and southeast Missouri (pp. 411, 417, 419). BEET ARMYWORM on several crops in some areas of New Mexico and Arizona (pp. 412, 416, 418); very heavy and damaging vegetables in Clark County, Nevada. (p. 419). PEA APHID increasing to economic levels in eastern Nebraska; heavy in Woodward County, Oklahoma. (p. 415). BOLL WEEVIL heavier than in 1967 on 2 to 5-leaf cotton in Henry County, Alabama. (p. 416). VEGETABLE WEEVIL damage serious to tobacco in Williamsburg County, South Carolina. (p. 418). First CODLING MOTH adults of season in Maryland and first ORIENTAL FRUIT MOTHS of year in Alabama. (p. 420). CEREAL LEAF BEETLE feeding heavy on wheat and oats in Berrien County, Michigan (p. 426). WHITE-FRINGED BEETLE larval damage heavy in Geneva County, Alabama, and Escambia County, Florida. (p. 427). Detection New State records include ALFALFA WEEVIL in Texas (p. 414), an APHID in Florida (p. 422), and FACE FLY in California (p. 425). For new county records see page 427. Predictions EUROPEAN CORN BORER outbreaks not expected to be serious in corn in New Jersey. (p. 411). CEREAL LEAF BEETLE expected to be serious in 4 southern Michigan Counties; high populations predicted near and south of line from Newaygo to Shiawassee to Monroe County. (p. 426). Special Reports Potato Psyllid Survey, Spring Breeding Areas of Texas and Southeastern New Mexico - 1968. (p. 409). Report on Trapping of Overwintered Boll Weevils. (pp. 416-417). Trapping for Survey of Overwintered Boll Weevil Populations. (p. 430). Reports in this issue are for week ending May 10 unless otherwise indicated. - 407 - - 408 - CONTENTS Special insecits=of Reed onadesmanubt a CanCepetencerehenskoneleneiehdcletaneien-lreicileleloelel-Nol Re loNeie it etone 409 Insects Affecting Corn, Sorghum, Sugarcane..........41l Cucurbakts eyes cl. Dogo oOo0D0 0 O00 00 oeLY) SmavleleiGrarinSlerererenetehenenene poo oo aot wl General WeEetAIles a sere leiralle; «ai eh one peso Turf, Pastures, MAMECTIANlso 94050 0 02 Deciduous Fruits and “Nuts a0000 soo oGulG) Forage LegumeS..........e..-. go oo o4HLs) (CHIAMIS GG 500000GbC 0000000 oo00g000C 2421 COPUOMNG 46 d00gdubb ODD soUdCOD DODO OOK OSG Small Fruits. 4 Rilsllel'b) el’sifoLoleteteds cvemenene mmc eS WNONEICCOQS acadcacoocaDDG COCO OdOO FO 0G OSL? OrnamenivaullSpapeneucstenorelonenenolcneieielene oe 0422 SWE YSS US oo bodooDODoOddOO0GD oo 0 0 GN) Forest and Shade Trees............422 Potatoes, Tomatoes, Peppers.......418 Maine and) Amsimarlistyrreieretciel elekel— GREEN PEACH APHID (Myzus persicae) - CALIFORNIA - This species and Macrosiphum euphorbiae medium in 40-acre cowpea planting at Centerville, Fresno County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). PEA APHID (Acyrthosiphon pisum) - DELAWARE - Ranged 2-13 per 10 sweeps .on peas in Sussex County. (Burbutis). COLE CROPS DIAMONDBACK MOTH (Plutella xylostella) - ARIZONA - Damage heavy to young cabbage field at Date Creek, Yavapai County. (Balock, Apr. 23). UTAH - Adults active and larvae moderate at Logan and Providence area, Cache County. (Knowlton). CABBAGE MAGGOT (Hylemya brassicae) - NEW JERSEY - Extremely abundant this spring on Atlantic County cabbage. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). CUCURBITS STRIPED CUCUMBER BEETLE (Acalymma vittatum) - MISSISSIPPI - Adults averaged 2 per hill on 8 acres of: cucumbers in Marshall County; moderate statewide. (Young). SQUASH VINE BORER (Melittia cucurbitae) - ALABAMA - Flight in progress at Theodore, Mobile County; egg laying and damage expected. (Bolton, Seibels). CABBAGE LOOPER (Trichoplusia ni) - ARIZONA - Controls applied to cantaloups at Yuma, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). GENERAL VEGETABLES ASPARAGUS BEETLES (Crioceris spp.) - IDAHO - C. asparagi and C. duodecimpunctata May 4 on wild asparagus near Parma, Canyon County. (Waters). UTAH - C. asparagi moderate in Ogden area, Weber County. (Knowlton). .PENNSYLVANIA - First C. duodecimpunctata adults of season on Centre County asparagus. (Adams). NEW JERSEY — C. aSparagi numerous in most Burlington County asparagus fields. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). POTATO FLEA BEETLE (Epitrix cucumeris) - ALABAMA - Damage by this species, Chaetocnema pulicaria, and other flea beetles heavy in sweetpotato plantings in Greene County; adults 15-20 per leaf. (McDonald et al.). VARIEGATED CUTWORM (Peridroma saucia) - MISSOURI - High numbers moving into gardens and other crops from weedy areas in southeast area; some damage. (Jones). TEXAS - Present in vegetables and many other crops; controls applied to several thousand acres. (Turney). BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) - NEVADA - Larvae heavy and damaging vegetables in southern Clark County. Johnson, Zoller). CABBAGE LOOPER (Trichoplusia ni) - NEVADA - Larvae heavy and damaging vegetables in southern Clark County. (Johnson, Zoller). NEW MEXICO - Larvae 4 per 20 plants on lettuce near Jarales, Valencia County. (Heninger). DECIDUOUS FRUITS AND NUTS GREEN PEACH APHID (Myzus persicae) - UTAH - Unusually scarce in Washington County peach orchards May 6. Currently very light in San Juan and Grand County peach orchards. (Thornley). NEW MEXICO - Curling foliage in peach orchards at Belen, Valencia County. (Heninger). - 420 - ROSY APPLE APHID (Dysaphis plantaginea) - MARYLAND - Generally under control in most sprayed orchards at Hancock, Washington County; heavy in one orchard. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). SOUTH CAROLINA - Much less damaging on apple than in past years in Oconee County. (Nettles et al., May 7). MISSOURI - Light on apple in northeast, southwest, and west-central areas May 7. (Wkly. Rpt. Fr. Grs.). WHITE PEACH SCALE (Pseudaulacaspis pentagona) - GEORGIA - Heavy on peach trees in McDuffie County. (Hutcherson). First-generation crawlers peaked April 16; scales well formed May 2 in Peach County. Some females well established although no males May 7. (Jacklin). PERIODICAL CICADAS (Magicicada spp.) - OHIO - Some nymphs emerged from lawn in Mahoning County May 3 (Phillips, Miller); just below soil surface in Columbiana County May 5 (Custer). Adult emergence expected to occur from middle to late May in Ashtabula, Trumbull, Portage, Mahoning, Columbiana, Carroll, and Jefferson Counties. (Forsythe, Miller). PLUM CURCULIO (Conotrachelus nenuphar) - GEORGIA - Overwintering adults active on plum trees about March 21. First-generation larvae entering soil to pupate April 26; most infested fruit dropped and larvae still entering soil May 6. (Jacklin). NEW YORK - No feeding to date in Ulster County. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt., May 6). TARNISHED PLANT BUG (Lygus lineolaris) - MICHIGAN - Scattered in Hillsdale County apple orchards; too late to Spray. (Wooley, Cooper, May 6). EUROPEAN RED MITE (Panonychus ulmi) - OHIO - Adults and first eggs of season on apple leaves in Clermont County May 5. Hatch of overwintering eggs 95 percent; few eggs remain on older bark. Adults ranged 1-4 per leaf on unsprayed foliage; none on treated foliage. Damaging populations could occur early in unchecked orchards in southern area. (Rose). Freezing temperatures May 5 and 6 caused severe fruit loss and reduced mite numbers in northern counties; 40-50 percent of immatures killed by frost in Wayne County. (Forsythe). MICHIGAN - Hatch complete on apples; no eggs by first-generation females May 6. (Pshea, Gertz). MISSOURI - Light on apple in southeast, northeast, and central areas. (Wkly. Rpt EeaGesr Mayne PEACH TREE BORERS - UTAH - Sanninoidea exitiosa most severe in Washington County; conspicuous in Grand and San Juan County peach orchards. (Thornley). GEORGIA - Synanthedon pictipes adults appeared April 1; emergence continued April 28-May 6 in Peach County. (Jacklin). PEACH TWIG BORER (Anarsia lineatella) - UTAH - Injury conspicuous in many peach orchards in Washington County; lighter in some orchards. (Thornley, May 6). EASTERN TENT CATERPILLAR (Malacosoma americanum) - NEBRASKA - Tents numerous on wild plum in Lancaster, Gage, Jefferson, and Thayer Counties; larvae half grown. (Keith). NEW YORK - Larvae leaving tents on crab apple April 26 at East Patchogue, Suffolk County. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt.). NOCTUID MOTHS - OHIO - Amathes badinodis larvae ranged 10-50 per tree on 10 acres of apples in Noble County. Larvae climbing trees and eating foliage and blossoms; damage 5 percent. Apple trees at petal fall May 2. (Rings). MARYLAND - Lithophane antennata light with damage to small apple fruit in some orchards at Hancock, WaShington County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). ORIENTAL FRUIT MOTH (Grapholitha molesta) - ALABAMA --First of season on new growth of Lee County peach; isolated in several orchards. (Barwood). CODLING MOTH (Carpocapsa pomonella) - MARYLAND - First adults of season emerged in field cages May 4. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). EYE-SPOTTED BUD MOTH (Spilonota ocellana) - WISCONSIN - Feeding heavy on terminals of neglected apple trees in Dane County. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). = 421 = TORTRICID MOTHS - MICHIGAN - Argyrotaenia velutinana egg laying continues in southwest area apple orchards. (Wooley, Cooper, May: 6). CALIFORNIA - Archips argyrospilus larvae heavy on fruit trees at Angels Camp, Calaveras County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). PECAN NUT CASEBEARER (Acrobasis caryae) - TEXAS - Moth emergence peaked in De Witt, Guadalupe, Maverick, Bastrop, Brazos, and surrounding counties. Total accumulative percent moth emergence April 20 to May 4 by county: Guadalupe 88, Bastrop 84, and Brazos 68. Very few eggs evident; no spraying indicated. (Thomas). GEORGIA - First adult of season in blacklight trap April 30 in Dougherty County. (Tedders). CITRUS Citrus Insect Situation in Florida - End of April - CITRUS RUST MITE (Phyllo- coptruta oleivora) infested 74 percent of groves (norm 62 percent); 45 percent economic (norm 39 percent). Population still above average and in high range. Increasing on new leaves and new fruit. Highest districts central, south, west, and east. TEXAS CITRUS MITE (Eutetranychus banksi) infested 52 percent of groves (norm 48 percent); 25 percent economic (norm 24 percent). Population near normal and in moderate range. Strong increase into high range expected. Highest districts east and south. CITRUS RED MITE (Panonychus citri) infested 48 per- cent of groves (norm 49 percent); 22 percent economic (norm 19 percent). Popula- tion near normal and moderate. Sharp increase expected where dry conditions prevail. Highest districts east and west. SIX-SPOTTED MITE (Eotetranychus sexmaculatus) infested 4 percent of groves; 1 percent economic. Increasing Slightly but population expected to remain low and scattered. GLOVER SCALE (Lepidosaphes gloverii) infested 77 percent of groves (norm 82 percent); 10 percent economic (norm 29 percent). Population lightest in several years. Expected to increase slightly and may enter high range. Highest districts east and central. PURPLE SCALE (L. beckii) infested 70 percent of groves (norm 83 percent); 1 percent economic (norm I3 percent). Population lowest recorded for April in 17 years of record. Little change expected. Highest district west. CHAFF SCALE (Parlatoria pergandii) infested 39 percent of groves (norm 70 percent) ; 3 percent economic (norm 13 percent). Will remain subnormal and at low level despite expected increase. Highest district south. YELLOW SCALE (Aonidiella citrina) infested 65 percent of groves (norm 62 percent); 2 percent economic (orm 10 percent). Population below normal and in low range with little change expected. Highest district central. BLACK SCALE (Saissetia oleae) infested 39 percent of groves (norm 24 percent); 12 percent economic (norm 10 percent). Still low in most districts but above average for April. Increase will start in May and accelerate in June. Highest district east. An ARMORED SCALE (Unaspis citri) infested 15 percent of groves. Infestations more numerous but lighter than in April 1967. Expected to become heavier and of greater importance. APHIDS infested 26 percent of groves (norm 32 percent); population below normal and decreasing. WHITEFLY adults infested 61 percent of groves; egg deposition high. Larvae currently at normal low level but will increase. MEALYBUGS at low level but will increase. (W.A. Simanton (Citrus Expt. Sta., Lake Alfred)). CARROT BEETLE (Bothynus gibbosus) - ARIZONA - Killed citrus seedlings near San Luis Mesa, Yuma County. Larvae killed nursery seedlings last period in Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). CITRUS THRIPS (Scirtothrips citri) - ARIZONA - Treatments continue in groves and nurseries at Yuma, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). COTTONY-CUSHION SCALE (Icerya purchasi) - ARIZONA - Light infestations on some trees satisfactorily controlled by vedalia (Rodolia cardinalis) at Yuma, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). - 422 - SMALL FRUITS A TORTRICID MOTH (Archips georgiana) - NEW JERSEY - This species dominant of 4 species present on blueberries; damage serious in some fields, particularly in Burlington and Monmouth Counties. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). BLACK-HEADED FIREWORM (Rhopobota naevana) - NEW JERSEY - Some young larvae on high edges of cranberry bogs drawn in April; still too early for sprays. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). A FLEA BEETLE (Altica torquata) - NEVADA - Adults medium, damage light to medium on grape foliage at Boulder City and Las Vegas, Clark County. (Zoller). STRAWBERRY ROOTWORM (Paria fragariae) - OHIO - Overwintering adults damaged straw- berry foliage in Delaware County April 22. Damage severe by April 29 on 500 of 1,000 plants. (Galford). TARNISHED PLANT BUG (Lygus lineolaris) - MICHIGAN - Activity increased on south- west area strawberry plantings. (Wooley, Cooper, May 6). ORNAMENTALS AN APHID (Neophyllaphis podocarpi) - FLORIDA - Very heavy on Podocarpus sp. at Miami, Dade County, April 17, 1968. Collected by O'Connor, Det. by A.N. Tissot. This is a new State record, (iilak Coops eSur®)): OYSTERSHELL SCALE (Lepidosaphes ulmi) - ILLINOIS - Began hatch in central sections. @GnssiSurse Bully FLORIDA WAX SCALE (Ceroplastes floridensis) - FLORIDA - Adults severe on Camellia Sasanqua at Hypoluxo, Palm Beach County. (Wyles, Long). A TORTRICID MOTH (Choristoneura zapulata) - NEVADA - Damaged various ornamentals at Reno, Washoe County. Many larvae nearing full growth; damage variable. (Lauderdale). FOREST AND SHADE TREES PINE NEEDLE SCALE (Phenacaspis pinifoliae) - NEVADA - Medium to heavy on ornamental pines in Washoe Valley, Washoe County. (Gustafson). WYOMING - Eggs numerous on spruce and pine at Lander, Fremont County. (Bang). WISCONSIN - About 30 percent of eggs hatched on spruce in southern Rock County May 7; crawlers active on needles. Only about 1 percent on white pine in northeastern Iowa County May 8; most crawlers still beneath mother scales. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). ILLINOIS - Began hatch in central sections; should be completed in 7 days. (Ins. Sur. Bull.). COOLEY SPRUCE GALL APHID (Adelges cooleyi) - PENNSYLVANIA - Approximately 50 per- cent hatch May 2 in Centre County. (Gesell). OHIO - Heavy on Colorado blue spruce in Columbiana, Trumbull, and Mahoning Counties. (Custer). Hatching since May 3 on Douglas-fir in Stark County. (Campbell). Hatch and nymphal activity on Colorado blue spruce in Summit County; heavy on 50 trees in area. (Kelly). COLORADO - Egg masses 60-80 per tree on 3-inch tips of Douglas-fir in Larimer County; controls applied. (Schell, Thatcher). EASTERN SPRUCE GALL APHID (Adelges abietis) - PENNSYLVANIA - Less than 10 percent hatched on white spruce. Few needles beginning to swell at base in Centre County. (Kearby, May 2). - 423 - PINE BARK APHID (Pineus strobi) - MARYLAND - Heavy on large white pine planting at Easton, Talbot County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). TENNESSEE - On ornamental white pine in Knox County. (Bennett). SPITTLEBUGS (Aphrophora spp.) - ALABAMA - A. parallela nymphs 1-15 per spittle mass on many iSolated Loblolly pines 6-20 feet tall in Lee, Russell, Henry, and Barbour Counties. (McQueen). WISCONSIN - A. saratogensis hatched on white and red pines May 1 in Oconto County. (Wis. Ins, Surin SPRUCE NEEDLE MINER (Taniva albolineana) - NORTH DAKOTA - Heavy; damaged spruce at Ypsilanti, Stutsman County. Controls applied. (McBride). MICHIGAN - Entering pupal stage May 1 at nursery near Plymouth, Wayne County. (Janes). A GELECHIID MOTH (Exoteleia nepheos) - OHIO - Larvae currently tunneling in new candles of Lake County Scotch pine. (Campbell). PALES WEEVIL (Hylobius pales) - OHIO - Adults dominant, with few Pissodes approx- imatus adults, under bark at bases of recently cut stumps of white and some Scotch pines in plantation in Licking County April 30. (Walker, Barth). EUROPEAN PINE SAWFLY. (Neodiprion sertifer) - OHIO - Larval development about com- plete on Scotch pine in Hamilton County. (Rose). Second instars on red pine May 29 in Delaware County; growth retarded by cool weather. (White). Larvae on Scotch and mugho pines in Geauga and Portage Counties. (Johnson). INDIANA - Larvae up to 0.5 inch long on pines statewide. Not yet as extensive as in 1967. (Schuder) . CECIDOMYIID MIDGES (Dasineura spp.). - WISCONSIN - Puparia common on jack pine in western Dane County; some emergence. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). SPIDER MITES - CALIFORNIA - Eotetranychus libocedri eggs and adults heavy on incense-cedar nursery stock at San Diego, San Diego County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.) CONNECTICUT - Oligonychus ununguis overwintering eggs hatched. (Savos, May 8). EASTERN TENT CATERPILLAR (Malacosoma americanum) - CONNECTICUT - About three- fourths of an inch long at Storrs; tents very noticeable. (Savos, May 8). VIRGINIA - Last instars active in Augusta, Rockbridge, Botetourt, and Montgomery Counties; larvae permanently leaving webs in southern Roanoke County. (Allen). OHIO - Heavy in spots on wild cherry in Guernsey County; generally lighter this year compared with past 2 years in east-central area. (Galford). Many larvae full grown and feeding in southern area. Larvae 1-2 inches in size in Brown and Clermont Counties; many completed development. No cocoons in area, Locally heavy but not as common as past 2 years in southwestern area. (Rose). Larvae dispersing and climbing some apple trees following defoliation of adjacent wild cherry in Noble County. (Rings). MICHIGAN - Light and scattered defoliation of wild cherry. (Thompson, May 6.). WISCONSIN - Most larvae in second instar in Rock and Dane Counties May 7; some third instars in Rock County. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). OKLAHOMA - Defoliation heavy to native plum in Noble County; syrphid fly larvae increasing. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). GREAT BASIN TENT CATERPILLAR (Malacosoma fragile) - UTAH - Common but not severe on cottonwood at Moab, Grand County, and southern San Juan County. (Thornley) . GEOMETRID MOTHS - PENNSYLVANIA - Some first instars of Alsophila pometaria on red maple and oak. No hatching observed in any egg masses from crown of tree. (Kearby, May 1). MICHIGAN - First A. pometaria and Paleacrita vernata hatch of season May 1 at Milford, Oakland County. Peak hatch anticipated next 7-10 days. Could be extended if unseasonably cold temperatures persist. (Wallner, Newman) . - 424 - TORTRICID MOTHS - NEW JERSEY - Archips georgiana infested more than 90 percent of swamp maple and about 25 percent of birch Teaves in one area. (Ins.-Dis, Newsltr.). PENNSYLVANIA - First instars of Croesia semipurpurana feeding on new leaflets of chestnut oak in Lycoming County May 1. (Kearby) . ELM LEAF BEETLE (Pyrrhalta luteola) - INDIANA - First egg deposition of season May 9 on Chinese elm at Lafayette, Tippecanoe County. (Matthew). IOWA - Abundant in home at What Cheer, Keokuk County, May 7 for new county record. (Gunderson). OKLAHOMA - Adults active across State, feeding on 5-10 percent of elm foliage per tree. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). IDAHO - Adults feeding on foliage at Parma, Canyon County. (Scott). SMALLER EUROPEAN ELM BARK BEETLE (Scolytus multistriatus) - WISCONSIN - Emergence well underway in Dane County and fresh emergence common in felled elm logs. Large percentage just beneath bark surface; heavy emergence should occur with 10°Re days. (Wish Inseesuxre)). WEEVILS - OHIO - Odontopus calceatus adults feeding on yellow-poplar in Scioto Trail State Park in Ross County May 3. Some oviposition begun. Large popula- tions and widespread damage, Similar to 1967, expected in 1968. (Hay, Hanson). WISCONSIN - Magdalis armicollis adults emerging from elm logs in western Dane County May 8, (Wis. Ins. Sur.). A DASCILLID BEETLE (Dascillus davidsoni) - CALIFORNIA - Larvae heavy in roots of mulberry trees in Clear Lake Highlands, Lake County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). SAWFLIES - CONNECTICUT - Fenusa pusilla ovipositing. (Savos, May 8.). OHIO - F, pusilla ovipositing on White birch in Portage and Summit Counties; no hatch to date. (Gilbertson, Kelly). WISCONSIN - Profenusa canadensis eggs 7 per leaf on hawthorn at Madison. Hatch 8 percent by May 9. Concentrated on south side of trees; concentration on north side in 1967. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). APHIDS - TEXAS - Large numbers, probably Stegophylla quercicola, deformed leaves on many red and post oaks in Lee, Morgan, Coffee, Jefferson, and other counties. (Smith et al.). OKLAHOMA - Longistigma caryae alates caused concern in north- central area; 1-6 per square inch of bark on Scattered oak and hickory trees in area. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). NEVADA - Prociphilus fraxinifolii heavy on ash at Fallon, Churchill County, and Reno, Washoe County. (Gallaway, Lauderdale). CALIFORNIA - Medium numbers of Drepanaphis acerifoliae damaging silver maple trees at Redding, Shasta County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). CALICO SCALE (Lecanium cerasorum) - DELAWARE - Becoming serious pest especially on dogwood, maple, and sweetgum trees. (Burbutis) . OBSCURE SCALE (Melanaspis obscura) - VIRGINIA - First instars moderate to heavy on Montgomery County oaks. (Kosztarab, Allen), EUROPEAN ELM SCALE (Gossyparia spuria) - CALIFORNIA - Nymphs medium on elms at Fresno, Fresno County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). MAN AND ANIMALS MOSQUITOES - NEVADA - Adults medium to heavy at Hazen, Churchill County. (Marin- telli). UTAH - Adults in west Logan meadows, Cache County. (Knowlton, May 6). OKLAHOMA - Bites 1-3 per minute along creek in Payne County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). WISCONSIN - Some adults noted but no biting reported. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). PENNSYLVANIA - Many Aedes cinereus and few A. abserratus larvae found in Craw- ford County. These are new county records. (Gesell, Apr. 24). Many A. cana- densis larvae collected in Crawford and Warren Counties. (Green, Apr. 25). SCREW-WORM (Cochliomyia hominivorax) - Total of 28 cases reported in U.S, May 5-11 as follows: TEXAS - Bee 1, Brooks 1, Frio 2, Gonzales 1, Hidalgo 7, Live - 425 - Oak 2, Medina 2, San Patricio 1, Starr 3, Wilson 1, Zavala 1; ARIZONA - Maricopa 1, Santa Cruz 1, Yavapai 1, Yuma 1; CALIFORNIA - Imperial 2. Total of 180 cases reported in portion of Barrier Zone in Republic of Mexico as follows: Baja Cal- ifornia 3, Territorio sur de Baja California 29, Sonora 62, Chihuahua 4, Coahuila 37, Nuevo Leon 11, Tamaulipas 34, Total of 18 cases reported in Mexico south of Barrier Zone. Barrier Zone is area where eradication operation underway to pre- vent establishment of self-sustaining population in U.S. Sterile screw-worm flies released: Texas 20,968,000; Arizona 900,000; California 200,000; Mexico 104,580,000. (Anim. Health Div.). FACE FLY (Musca autumnalis) - CALIFORNIA - Collected in Modoc County 1.25 miles east of New Pine, Oregon, on east shore of Goose Lake. Collected by J.H. Poorbaugh and C.R. Smith May 8, 1968. Det. by J.H. Poorbaugh. Flies ranged 2-20 per animal. This is a new State record. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). IDAHO - Adults 1-10 per head, active on pasture cattle throughout northern area. (O'Keeffe). NEBRASKA - Some on cattle on warm days, but not annoying. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). IOWA - Adults ranged 4-24 per head on herd of range cattle in Louisa County. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). HORN FLY (Haematobia irritans) - MISSISSIPPI - Moderate, 250 per animal, on beef cattle in Oktibbeha County. (Hoelscher). OKLAHOMA - Ranged 50-250 per mature cow on cattle in Payne and Noble Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). HOUSE FLY (Musca domestica) - GEORGIA - Numerous in caged layer operations state- wide. (Nolan). CATTLE GRUBS (Hypoderma spp.) - NORTH DAKOTA - Ranged 1-14 (averaged 3.6) per yearling at Dickinson livestock auction. High percentage of H. bovis. (Brandvik). DEER FLIES - SOUTH CAROLINA - Black varieties annoying and attacking tourists and around residences of South Carolina Strand from Georgetown to Myrtle Beach. Aerial sprays of an organic phosphate being considered. (Kissam, May 7). NORTHERN FOWL MITE (Ornithonyssus sylviarum) - OKLAHOMA - Light to medium on Noble County chickens. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). AMERICAN DOG TICK (Dermacentor variabilis) - OKLAHOMA - Numerous in central, north-central, and east-central areas; up to 10-12 replete females on farm dogs. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). BROWN RECLUSE SPIDER (Loxosceles reclusa) - OKLAHOMA - Active around Payne County homes. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). MISSISSIPPI - In factory in Clay County. (Norment) . ALABAMA - Another specimen collected in Lawrence County. (Baswell, Coffey). BLACK WIDOW SPIDER (Latrodectus mactans) - ARIZONA - Pest control operators receiving more than normal calls for control in Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). MISCELLANEOUS WILD PLANTS WHITE-LINED SPHINX (Celerio lineata) - NEVADA - Heavy flights in south area. (Zoller). UTAH - Active at Logan, Cache County. (Knowlton) . NOCTUID MOTHS (Feltia spp.) - ARIZONA - Larvae heavy on weeds in Skull Valley and Kirkland areas of Yavapai County. Infestations may be heavy on newly planted crops when weeds dry up. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). GREAT BASIN TENT CATERPILLAR (Malacosoma fragile) - COLORADO - Colonies of second and third instars heavy; 40-50 per acre, on Ribes and Cercocarpus, south- west of Fort Collins, Larimer County. (Thatcher). - 426 - STORED PRODUCTS SAW-TOOTHED GRAIN BEETLE (Oryzaephilus surinamensis) - CALIFORNIA - Heavy in saf- flower seed in oil processing plant at Long Beach, Los Angeles County. Gale Coop. Rpt.). GRANARY WEEVIL (Sitophilus granarius) - CALIFORNIA - Adults heavy on spilled grain in mill at San Miguel, San Luis Obispo County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). BENEFICIAL INSECTS LADY BEETLES - GEORGIA - Numerous on pecans in Dougherty (Hays, Harris) and Emanuel Counties (Varner, Harris). OKLAHOMA - Hippodamia convergens medium on aphids on Payne County arborvitae. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). ARIZONA - H. convergens averaged 500 per 100 sweeps on alfalfa in field at Hyder, Yuma County. (McHenry). Built up in barley and beet fields in Cochise County. (Kozloski). COLORADO - Up to 20 lady beetles per 100 sweeps in Weld, Boulder, and Larimer Counties. (Johnson). NEBRASKA - H. convergens most common species on alfalfa. Increased slowly in east, southeast, and central areas. Averaged 3 per 10 sweeps on Dawson County alfalfa; up to 6 per 10 sweeps on Lancaster County field. (Manglitz, Keith). IOWA - Lady beetles very abundant, 3-9 per 10 sweeps, in all alfalfa, red clover, and small grains in east-central and southeast areas. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). ILLINOIS - Lady beetles averaged 35 per 100 sweeps on alfalfa in southern half of State. (Sturgeon). DAMSEL BUGS - ILLINOIS - Average 16 adults per 100 sweeps on alfalfa in southern half of State. (Sturgeon). IOWA - Adults 4-14 per 10 sweeps on alfalfa and red clover in southeast and east-central areas. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). WYOMING - Nabis spp. adults averaged 2 per 100 sweeps in Washakie County alfalfa. (Parshall). A PHYCITID MOTH (Laetilia zamacrella) - CALIFORNIA - Larvae of this predacious species heavy on scale insects on juniper and tamarix trees at Burlingame, San Mateo County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). FEDERAL AND STATE PLANT PROTECTION PROGRAMS CARIBBEAN FRUIT FLY (Anastrepha suspensa) - FLORIDA - Larvae collected from cal- amondin, Ceylon peach, Surinam-cherry, Oneca tangerine, grapefruit, and sweet orange in earlier reported localities. (Fla. Coop. Sur.). Increasing toward usual peak in May. Damage 25-30 percent on 215 acres of commercial citrus at Ft. Pierce, St. Lucie County, during April. (PPC). CEREAL LEAF BEETLE (Oulema melanopus) - PENNSYLVANIA - Five adults collected in 2,500 sweeps on wheat and barley in Lawrence and Beaver Counties. (Eckess, May 2). OHIO - Adults 1 per 100 sweeps on Preble County wheat May 1 (Harris) and 37 per 100 sweeps on wheat in Hardin County field May 2. (Forrester). INDIANA - Eggs deposited throughout area bordered by La Porte on west, Rochester on south, and Fort Wayne on east. Adults 1-20 per 25 sweeps throughout this area with 10- 20 per 25 sweeps (highest) in eastern La Porte, northeastern Starke, St. Joseph, and northern Marshall Counties, (Huber). MICHIGAN - Adult feeding heavy on wheat and oats in Berrien County; eggs common on wheat but more so on oats; some larvae. Active earlier in Jackson County. (Spink, May 6). Spring temperatures retarded growth of early planted oats. Serious problem expected in Berrien, Jackson, Allegan, and Shiawassee Counties. High populations expected near and south of line from Newaygo to Shiawassee to Monroe County. (Janes, May 6.) GRASSHOPPERS - ARIZONA - Trimerotropis spp. swarms general April 27-May 3 throughout Cochise County. (Kozloski). UTAH - Grasshopper hatch light in some Washington County areas, especially in "Dixie" area. (Thornley, May 6). Hatch begun in Spanish Valley and Poverty Flats of Grand and San Juan Counties; first - 427 - instars 15-20 per square yard. (Thornley). IDAHO - First to third instars of Oedaleonotus enigma up to 9 per square yard (average 5) on several thousand acres of range at Solosabal Well, south of Glenns Ferry, Elmore County. Scattered con- centrations of first to third instars on range north of Shoshone Falls, Jerome County. Early hatch of overwintering eggs expected due to abnormal dryness. (Evans, May 3). SOUTH DAKOTA - Eggs surveyed April 23-May 3 in 9 western coun- ties. Coagulated stage (ranged 25-70 percent) predominant except in Corson County with 20 percent more clear (60 percent) than coagulated, and Tripp and Fall River Counties with almost equal percentage of eyespot stage. Development most advanced in Fall River County with 20 percent segmented; hatch began May 6. Where present, parasitism and predation about 10 percent. Population mostly Melanoplus differ- entialis, M. femurrubrum and M. bivittatus. (Zimmerman). IMPORTED FIRE ANT (Solenopsis saevissima richteri) - TEXAS - Additional find near Brookshire, Waller County. (Texas Coop. Rpt.). ALABAMA - Heavy numbers lightly damaged small cornfield at Canoe, Escambia County. (Lemons, Daniel). WHITE-FRINGED BEETLES (Graphognathus spp.) - ALABAMA - Larval damage on cotton, corn, and peas continues in Geneva County; damage serious on about 600 acres at Slocomb,. (Smith, Ledbetter). FLORIDA - Larval damage heavy to several small grain fields in Escambia County; loss 30 percent in 35-acre wheat field and 40 percent in another 24 acres. (PPC). INSECT DETECTION New State Records ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - TEXAS - Adults and larvae collected on alfalfa along Red River in New Boston area, Bowie County, April 5, 1968, by H. Lynch. Det. by H.R. Burke, confirmed by D.M, Anderson, (p. 414). AN APHID (Neophyllaphis podocarpi) - FLORIDA - Very heavy on Podocarpus sp. at Miami, Dade County, April 17, 1968, by O'Conner. Det. by A.N. Tissot. (pen 22)R FACE FLY (Musca autumnalis) - CALIFORNIA - Taken in Modoc County 1.25 miles east of New Pine, Oregon, on east shore of Goose Lake. Collected by J.H, Poorbaugh and C,R, Smith May 8, 1968. Det. by J.H. Poorbaugh. (p. 425). a New County Records ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - IOWA - Louisa County. OREGON - Benton County. (p. 414). CLOVER SEED WEEVIL (Miccotrogus picirostris) - MISSOURI - Lewis County. (p. 415). ELM LEAF BEETLE (Pyrrhalta luteola) - IOWA - Keokuk County. (p. 424). MOSQUITOES (Aedes cinereus and A. abSerratus) - PENNSYLVANIA - Crawford County. (p. 424). FF - 428 - HAWAII INSECT REPORT Turf, Pasture - Larval damage of a GRASS WEBWORM (Herpetogramma licarsisalis) heavy in 200 acres of Kikuyu grass pasture at Huleia, Kauai; Some grass recovery. Larvae up to 12 per square foot; 28 out of 35 (80 percent) egg clusters collected in 0.25-acre area parasitized by a minute egg parasite (Trichogramma semifumatum) . Damaged pasture grass at Kalaheo, golf course at Lihue, and lawns at Poipu and Kukuiula on Kauai. Larvae up to 55 per square foot on 400 acres of Kikuyu grass at East Molokai. Extending range from Hilo to Laupahoehoe on Hawaii Island; lawn and pasture grasses damaged. Larvae up to 20 per square foot in Laupahoehoe. Damaging lawn and pasture grasses at Wailua, Kipahulu, Haiku, Kahakuloa, Hana, Nahiku, and Honolua on Maui. (Sugawa et al.). Vegetables - MELON FLY (Dacus cucurbitae) oviposition damage severe to 95 percent of SquaSh in small planting at Pearl City, Oahu; squash unmarketable. (Funasaki). BEAN POD BORER (Maruca testulalis) larvae damaging 80 percent of lima beans in small planting at Lahaina, Maui. (Miyahira). Fruits - More LARGE MANGO TIP BORER (Bombotelia jocosatrix) larvae taken from terminal mango leaves in scattered areas on Oahu; new finds are Ewa and Waiahole. (Funasaki, au). Forest Trees - A CONIFER APHID (Cinara carolina) continues moderate to heavy on terminals of ioblolly pine at Waimea, Hawaii Island; alates noted for first time on island. (Yoshioka). Man and Animals - Trapped 2,212 Aedes vexans nocturnus and 4,529 Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus in 49 light traps on Oahu during April. A. vexans nocturnus highest at Punaluu and Waiahole; C. pipiens quinquefasciatus highest at Waipahu. (Mosq. Cont. Br., Dept. of Health). Beneficial Insects - Larvae of a TORTRICID MOTH (Apotoforma sp.) infested 90 percent of terminal leaves in 100+ acres of wild blackberry at Waiakamoi, Maui, at 4,300 feet elevation. (Miyahira). Weather of the Week continued from page 408. TEMPERATURE: Cold air plunged southward over the Rocky Mountains, the northern Great Plains, and the Great Lakes region early in the week. Subfreezing tempera- tures occurred as far south as Prescott, Arizona, in the west and Pikeville Kentucky, in the east. Subfreezing temperatures were widespread in the Northeast on 2 or 3 mornings and afternoon temperatures over the northern portion of the Nation remained in the 40's and 50's on Monday and Tuesday. The cool weather reversed the warming trend that had begun a week earlier over the West and the North Central States and continued the cool trend over the East that has persisted for several weeks. A warming trend began in the East in the latter half of the week but weekly average temperatures were below normal over almost the entire Nation. Parts of the northern and central Great Plains averaged 6° to 10° below normal. (Summary supplied by Environmental Data Service, ESSA.) LIGHT TRAP COLLECTIONS eq on aN a ot © aor on oo ite} nN On ao o” oq © a No N N ON nw ao © qo ad — N N ite} SN aq N ee} ow aloe) q Te) NX bu ON © 0 NO N Lal N | do Ho a | faa) mm mA isa) iz) N N Ome ite} N 6 ° 0 N lo} N a i) ie) J I ice} se} ~~ ite} jo) rt o a °o | a 1 0 is Leal on 1 oid 1 1 USS s NN qa ou ow ioe} ~ om ese) Ss SS 1 w ioe) w oS ile} 0 oO N 1 1 o in Ww Ll Nir) vo N HO uo o on o™~N ao > ad See wR ped ite} aie) ite) Calin! On a ("i o> Ko) ‘dt > oO Mrpr Qn HO we PN 2S nO Pr HP HO oo ao nw HO be} da os) o >> < maa > Ad Pao) HH SR eh 5 aa re) cam (10 Ve Ie) a oO ao HvOs S x) = ¥ Status of European Chafer - 1967 European chafer (Amphimallon majalis) was first recorded in North America when grubs were collected in Wayne County, New York, during May 1940. Since the orig- inal find, this scarab has been found in 33 additional counties in New York, three counties in New Jersey, two in Connecticut, one in West Virginia, seven in Pennsylvania, four in Massachusetts, and two counties in Ohio. The West Virginia infestation was eradicated. The pest also occurs in Canada near Niagara Falls and at other locations in the Province of Ontario. A survey for European chafer was conducted from late May through July 1967 in the Northeastern States. In Connecticut, small extensions of the generally infested area were encountered in Berlin, Hartford County, and in Meriden, New Haven County. In Massachusetts, the general Boston area infestation was extended to include seven new towns in Middlesex County, one in Essex County, and two new sites in Suffolk County. Findings were negative beyond the treated area at Charlton. No new counties were found infested. Survey for European chafer in New Jersey resulted in the finding of a positive site at Port Elizabeth, Union County. This was a new county record. In Hudson County, infestation was found in Bayonne, North Bergen, Union City, and Hoboken. All involved sites were treated. No evidence of infestation was encountered in Essex County. Treating had been conducted during previous years in the Newark area of Essex County. Survey throughout the remainder of the State proved nega- tive. Prior to 1967, surveys in Pennsylvania had revealed the presence of this chafer in the following counties: Erie, Bradford, Luzerne, and Lehigh. As a result of the 1967 survey, infestation was discovered for the first time in the counties of Carbon, Lackawanna, and Lycoming. In Lehigh County, the known infestation was extended and now includes essentially all of the city of Allentown. No extensions were found beyond the known infested areas in Erie and Ltizerne Counties. In Bradford County, general infestation was detected in the Sayre, South Waverly, and Athens communities. During the 1967 survey in New York, European chafer was recorded for the first time in Tioga County. Albany was also placed in infested status following new town records at Bethlehem and Colonie. These were not first county records, as an infestation had previously been found and eradicated. New township records were established in Erie, Jefferson, Montgomery, Orleans, Oswego, Westchester, and Yates Counties. Surveys were negative in other Eastern States, including West Virginia, where par- ticular attention was given to the previously infested area at Capon Bridge. In addition to the operations described in the foregoing, appraisal investigations were made at selected points within the regulated area. The objective was to better evaluate conditions of infestation and to determine hazards of spread to outlying areas. Rail and other transportation centers were given primary consid- eration in this effort. In Ohio, European chafer was first detected June 28, 1965, in Cleveland, Cuyahoga County. Since then, additional collections have been made in this county. Sur- vey in 1967 produced a new county infestation at Conneaut, Ashtabula County, where a total of 12 chafers were taken during the year. During the calendar year 1967, soil treatment was applied to 3,270 acres in Ohio, See map on page 458. - 458 - Status of European Chafer - 1967 m 1967 finds @ Infested prior to 1967 % Treated - Subsequent Survey Negative SG: aee carta | ALLE maucus | CANT %& Queens Co. @ Kings-Richmond Cos. Manhattan * @ Hudson-Essex-Union Cos. nape LE Pata Prepared in Survey and Detection Operations Plant Pest Control Division U.S. Dept. Agr. Agriculture Research Service, USDA Coop. Econ. Ins. Rpt. May 24, 1968 18(21) :457-458, 1968 Ep uNeS HUBS « \ | -__POSTAGE AND FEES y 7 7 PARTMENT OF. sad le, Maryland 20782 OTM OF 2CM 1GA 000 RARY s DEPT ENTOM | DC 20560 VOL. 18 No. 22 “May 31, 1968 Sb i224 C77 En/, Cooperative ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT Issued by PLANT PEST CONTROL DIVISION AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE PLANT PEST CONTROL DIVISION SURVEY AND DETECTION OPERATIONS The Cooperative Economic Insect Report is issued weekly as a service to American Agriculture. Its contents are compiled from information supplied by cooperating State, Federal, and industrial entomologists and other agricultural workers. In releasing this material the Division serves as a clearing house and does not assume responsibility for ac- curacy of the material. All reports and inquiries pertaining to this release, including the mailing list, should be sent to: Survey and Detection Operations Plant Pest Control Division Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Federal Center Building Hyattsville, Maryland 20782 Volume 18 May 31, 1968 Number 22 COOPERATIVE ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT HIGHLIGHTS Current Conditions ARMY CUTWORM severe in Wayne County, Utah; also reported from other States. First ARMYWORM larvae of season in Maryland; heavy on wheat in western Tennessee and Cotton County, Oklahoma. (p. 461). First POTATO LEAFHOPPER adults of season in Wayne County, Ohio. (p. 462). First EUROPEAN CORN BORER adults of season in Indiana and Michigan; first eggs in Delaware. BEET ARMYWORM damage serious to several crops in southern New Mexico. (pp. 462, 466, 467, 468, 469). ENGLISH GRAIN APHID increasing in southeast North Dakota. (p. 463). ALFALFA WEEVIL increasing in New York and Colorado; damaging in other States. PEA APHID heavy in Curry County, New Mexico; increasing in Colorado and Washington. (pp. 464-465). MEADOW SPITTLEBUG heaviest in several years on Eastern Shore of Maryland. VARIEGATED CUTWORM damage heavy on alfalfa in Oklahoma and on cotton in western Tennessee; moths continue high in light trap collections in Waco, Texas. (pp. 466, 467, 482). BROWN WHEAT MITE heavy on alfalfa in Pershing County and increasing to economic levels on onions in Lyon County, Nevada. (pp. 467,470). BLACK CUTWORM continues threat to cotton in Desha County, Arkansas. (p. 467). CODLING MOTH adults numerous in Yakima County, Washington. ORIENTAL FRUIT MOTH larvae moderate to severe on peach in areas of Missouri. (p. 470). First PLUM CURCULIO adults of Season in New Hampshire, first CHERRY FRUIT FLY adults in Washington, and first PEAR PSYLLA eggs in Connecticut. (p. 471). First SCREW-WORM case in New Mexico in 19 months; 6 cases reported in Imperial County, California. (p. 477). CEREAL LEAF BEETLE heavy on oats at New Carlisle, Indiana. (p. 479). GRASS BUGS very heavy in some areas of Utah. (p. 480). Detection -New State records’ include TEXAS CITRUS MITE (p. 473) and an ERIOPHYID MITE (p. 474) in California; 2 WEEVILS in Wisconsin and Georgia (pp. 474, 478); and 3 BUMBLE BEES in Nevada (p. 479). For new county records see page 472. Predictions Mass migration of ASTER LEAFHOPPER expected in Michigan. (p. 461). ONION THRIPS damage could be serious in New Jersey. (p. 470). Heavy CEREAL LEAF BEETLE damage expected on oats in Berrien County, Michigan. (p. 479). Special Report Soybean Cyst Nematode Quarantine Map. Centerfold. Reports in this issue are for week ending May 24 unless otherwise indicated. - 459 - - 460 - CONTENTS Special Insects of Regional Significance............... neooaddd Sooo oodC ols oie LOW Insects Affecting Corn, Sorghum, Sugarcane...........462 Cucurnbaese rer) sleneelcete Beerioia.c i) Smewll Greens sooao006 Se lshats + sere 463. General TEES TAINIGS 5 - sr enceensitore al evenseterel iO. Turf, Pastures, Rangeland. 660000 skes) Deciduous Fruits and Nuts.........470 Forage Legumes....... - uf (nei No AGa GSES eeteret et etercteteretonerenetenete a Soha eenete ees Sopbeanel 1h Be Ciie. Tho ART NAAT Other Trop. & Subtrop. Fruits.....473 (Cioinuily bo como moUO Odo Smb odd S600 00 0 0Cks7 Sin IsAGHES ood ono oto oc as Bee .G Ose! MoODAC COmmnrecrreiens Also GU gAGO0 OREO IAG Soke: Ornamentals. o0'G BolDo0 od slstectenene 474 Sugar DeeES orca claretetetel celle lelehele! S.O6.0.06,0 044ate: Forest and Shade Trees. P.O. OFLU 4: Miscellaneous Field Crops..... 5 So oe Mann vanadeyAni mall’ sioiciere: svelone) ol eleretete 5 HE RIAE Potatoes, Tomatoes, Peppers........ 469 Households and Structures....... ..478 BeansmandePeasyeriarcietetetel sreneneton Siatevensye 469 Stored Products...... shite ehewepeirets ....478 Come Cropsrrcrekee cia voketenelol et So cOK oe 409 Insect Detection........ SchoonboGcOuGo OND OOo So GOO SOCIObC Melctstetotetel lehohate whc5 ekcnehalebaneieles Beneficial AnSaeteu 40 DOOD ODIO COOO OOO OS 2 Siatieretcvaueyeveerene SoOe boon Sioveval al dteteneneteneh eRe teeney Federal and State Plant Protection prosranss DOGAoOd OHO OOOH Gogoodoonsoos Sahete AAO Hawaii Insect Report........ Sieiceatslicnelet tenets SooooDoDDDCOUGoOOGdOS aid chalet evetete eieleleheletene tone Light Trap Collections. SoG aad bOODAoOh GORDO DC OOS HoOeoodoC OO Coos eGo Oc o00.0 sks Soybean Cyst Nematode Quarantine (map) Genterrold WEATHER OF THE WEEK ENDING MAY 27 HIGHLIGHTS: Most of the Nation was cool and rainy during the past week. Flooding occurred in central Indiana, southern Ohio, and in some areas of the Deep South. PRECIPITATION: Substantial rains fell throughout the week in the Far Northwest extending inland to the eastern slopes of the northern and central Rocky Mountains. Light snow fell in the central Rockies--2 1/2 to 3 inches at 6,500 to 7,000 feet and heavier snow at higher levels. Only light rain fell in eastern Montana and much of North Dakota received no rain. Northern California, Nevada, and Utah received light scattered showers but southern California, Arizona, and the south- western half of New Mexico received no measurable rain during the week. Wide- spread heavy rains began in Missouri on Wednesday and large areas from eastern Kansas to western Maryland received more than 2 inches of rain during the latter half of the week. Totals exceeded 4 inches across central Missouri and eastward to central and southern Ohio. The heavy rains in Ohio caused widespread flooding along the rivers and streams and forced hundreds of persons from their homes. With no rain on Saturday, the waters in Ohio began to recede but more flooding was expected due to heavy rains on Sunday and Monday over the southern half of the State. Much needed rain fell along the Atlantic coast where weekly totals ranged up to about 1 inch. Showers over the Florida Keys spread over the entire State late in the week. These benefited the central drought area but the 4 to 6-inch totals along the Atlantic coastal portions of southern Florida made the excessively wet conditions in that area worse. After several sunny days, rains late in the week and over the weekend across the Deep South produced gener-— ally 1 to 2-inch totals with some spots receiving much more. Flash floods occurred in Mississippi but the rains benefited the previously dry areas in Georgia. The weekend brought considerable violent weather with tornadoes from Texas to Georgia and northward to Illinois and Indiana. Most of the storms struck in open country with generally little damage and few personal injuries. Weather of the week continued on page 482. - 461 - SPECIAL INSECTS OF REGIONAL SIGNIFICANCE ARMY CUTWORM (Chorizagrotis auxiliaris) - NORTH DAKOTA - Nearly full-grown larvae 3-5 per square foot in small grains in Wells and Bottineau Counties; pupation should occur soon. (McBride). WYOMING - Damage heavy to 15-acre sugarbeet field near Thermopolis, Hot Springs County; migrated from rangeland. Mostly pupae less than 1 per square foot. (Parshall). COLORADO - Damage extensive by this species and Agrotis orthogonia in Kit Carson County and in southern Yuma and Washington Counties. Losses ranged up to 25-30 percent in winter wheat. A. orthogonia 0-15 per foot; up to 35 per foot in some fields. (Pilcher). NEW MEXICO — Heavy flights, probably this species, in Santa Fe area; very annoying around lights. (Chavez). UTAH - Severe on several hundred acres of alfalfa at Loa, Fremont, and Lyman in Wayne County for third consecutive year. Controls applied throughout area. (Roberts et al.). CALIFORNIA - Larvae medium in soil around ornamentals in area 8 miles south of Cedarville, Modoc County. This species has not been problem 1a StAwe>s (GALS Coop. Wades) > 7 ARMYWORM (Pseudaletia unipuncta) - MARYLAND - First larvae of season in wheat field near Price, Queen Annes County; 1 per square yard in thick growth areas. (Us Wile 5s Ent. Dept.). PENNSYLVANIA - Total of 21 moths taken in blacklight trap May 22 in Centre County. (Bierlein). OHIO - Adult flight heavy May 10-15 in Wayne County; eggs laid. No hatch as of May 24. (Rings). MICHIGAN - Total of 178 moths taken in blacklight traps May 14 and 15 in Lenawee County and 21 moths at location in Berrien County. (Newman). ILLINOIS - Averaged 1.6 per linear foot of wheat in thick spots in southern half of State; 2.3 per linear foot in thick spots in southern third of State. (Ill. Ins. Rpt.). TENNESSEE - Heavy, 5-20 per square foot, on wheat in Shelby, Dyer, Lauderdale, and Lake Counties. (Johnson). MISSOURI - Light in wheat in northeast area. Small larvae averaged less than 2 per square foot in fields with dense vegetation. None found in fields with thin stand. Pupating in southeast area. (Munson). OKLAHOMA - Damage heavy in isolated wheat fields in Cotton County; one-third of heads clipped in one field. (Okla. Cooma, Swire>)) ASTER LEAFHOPPER (Macrosteles fascifrons) - MICHIGAN - Mass migration expected into State with onset of warm southerly winds; some specimens on muckland. (Bath, May 20). WISCONSIN - Averaged 4 per 100 sweeps on oats in Columbia, Marquette, Waushara, Dodge, Jefferson, Racine, Kenosha, Walworth, and Rock Counties. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MINNESOTA - Ranged from trace to 20° per 100 sweeps in small grains and alfalfa in State. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). NORTH DAKOTA - Migratory adults on roadside grasses and rye in southeast area May 13; up to 7 (averaged 2) per 100 sweeps on rye in Richland and Sargent Counties. (Kaatz). BEET LEAFHOPPER (Circulifer tenellus) - WYOMING - Controls applied to 6,800 acres of wasteland in Worland Valley of Washakie County, including canal banks, highway and railroad rights-of-way, and natural waterways. Decreased from 0.35 to 0.09 per square foot in weed hosts after treatments in Washakie County May 9. (Parshall). GREENBUG (Schizaphis graminum) - KANSAS - Damaged seedling sorghum in Geary County. (Brooks). NEBRASKA - Damaging sorghum in Jefferson County; some replanting necessary. Averaged 30 per plant in 2-inch tall plants. Det. by K.P. Pruess. Nearby wheat beginning to head; aphids (light) 10 per plant. (Roselle, Keith). MINNESOTA - Light, 0-4 per 100 sweeps, in spring and winter grains in central and east-central districts. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). PAINTED LADY (Vanessa cardui) - WASHINGTON - Adults numerous throughout Yakima Valley; larvae feeding extensively on Canada thistle in Yakima County. (Johnson). UTAH - Flight very cqnspicuous through Wayne County May 8-11. (Chapman, Roberts). Flight evident from Green River, Emery County, to Richfield, Sevier County. (Chapman, Knowlton). Movement evident in Cache and Box Elder Counties May 20; much less than few weeks earlier. (Knowlton). COLORADO - Very light flights in Logan County moving in northerly direction. (Johnson). - 462 - POTATO LEAFHOPPER (Empoasca fabae) - OHIO - Migration northward into State. First adults of season in Wayne County; one per 10 sweeps on alfalfa May 17. (Niemczyk). INDIANA - Adults 1-8 per sweep on alfalfa; high throughout State this early in season. Highest counts in west-central district. (Huber). ILLINOIS - Counts per 100 sweeps averaged 543 in east-southeast and west-southwest districts and 92 in southeast and southwest districts. (111. Ins. Rpt.). WISCONSIN - Only females averaged 5-10 per 100 sweeps on southeast area alfalfa. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MINNESOTA - Ranged from trace to 2 per 100 sweeps on alfalfa in Chisago County. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). SPOTTED ALFALFA APHID (Therioaphis maculata) - WISCONSIN - Continues low, rarely exceeding 1 per sweep. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). KANSAS - Surveys negative in Ellis, Rooks, and Phillips Counties. (Simpson). ARKANSAS - Survey negative in Washington County. (Boyer). OKLAHOMA - Heavy in isolated alfalfa fields in Johnston County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). NEW MEXICO - Ranged 10-15 per 30 trifoliate leaves in alfalfa near Roswell, Chaves County. (Mathews). TOMATO HORNWORM (Manduca quinquemaculata) - VIRGINIA - First moth of season taken in blacklight trap May 18 in Pittsylvania County. (Dominick). CORN, SORGHUM, SUGARCANE EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) - NEW JERSEY - Adults in blacklight trap in Middlesex County May 19. Several adults on weeds bordering sweet corn near New Market. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). DELAWARE - First egg masses found on corn in Sussex County May 20. (MacCreary). VIRGINIA - Adults in light trap collections lower than normal on Eastern Shore. (Hofmaster, May 22). INDIANA - First adults (4 females) of season May 20 in blacklight trap at Johnson, Gibson County. (Huber). MICHIGAN - First adults of season May 14 and 15 in Lenawee County. (Janes). ILLINOIS - Pupation complete and emergence 75 percent in southern section. Pupation 80 percent with no emergence in central section; pupation 10 percent in northern section. (111. Ins. Rpt.). WISCONSIN - Pupation 75 percent in Rock County. Wise sinse 7Surk»). SOUTHWESTERN CORN BORER (Diatraea grandiosella) - ARIZONA - Light on corn in Salt River Valley. "Dead heart™ resulted from feeding injury, especially in some fields at Queen Creek, Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) - NEW MEXICO - Unusually heavy; damage serious to sorghum in southern counties. WEEMS Coop oRpit»). CUTWORMS - NEBRASKA - Damaged several early planted fields in Madison and Antelope Counties. Plants severed below soil surface. (Raun, Ehlers). VERMONT - Active on newly set sweet corn. (MacCollom, May 20). FLEA BEETLES: - VIRGINIA - Adults damaged 10 percent of seedling corn in Rockbridge County field May 17. (Woodside). Adults in some Accomack County sweet corn May 22. (Hofmaster). KANSAS - Damaging Harvey County corn. (Simpson). INDIANA - Chaetocnema pulicaria adults common on central area corn; 1-3 per plant on 10-30 percent of newly emerged seedlings checked. (Huber). ARIZONA - Cc. ectypa averaged 2 per corn plant on east side of Salt River Valley, Maricopa County; less damage in many sorghum fields at Yuma, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). SEED-CORN BEETLE (Agonoderus lecontei) - NEBRASKA -- Damaged corn in Colfax County; some replanting necessary. (Jacobs) . - 463 - SMALL GRAINS ENGLISH GRAIN APHID (Macrosiphum avenae) - MARYLAND - Light, 20-50 per 10 sweeps, in central and eastern sections. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). NORTH DAKOTA - Increased in southeast area; alates and apterae up to 25 (average 5) per 100 sweeps on rye in Richland and Sargent Counties. (Kaatz). MINNESOTA - Counts per 100 sweeps in central and east-central districts averaged 20 in oats and ranged 60-200 in rye; some aphids feeding on emerging rye heads. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). WISCONSIN - Ranged 1-12 per 100 sweeps in southeast area; 6-12 per 100 sweeps on oats in eastern and central counties. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). ILLINOIS - Averaged 3.2 per head of wheat in southern half of State. (Ill. Ins. Rpt.). MISSOURI - Present on 10-50 percent of wheat plants in northeast area; ranged 5-25 per plant. High populations of M. avenae and Rhopalosiphum fitchii observed in oats in northeast area; ranged 50-3,800 (mostly M. avenae) per 100 Sweeps. (Munson). PALE WESTERN CUTWORM (Agrotis orthogonia) - WYOMING - Larvae 0-3 (averaged 0.5) per square foot on wheat in Laramie County. Averaged 3 per square foot in 8-acre field; controls and replanting planned. (Parshall, May 17). NEBRASKA - Averaged 4 per linear foot in wheat in Kimball County; disease increasing. (Hagen). HESSIAN FLY (Mayetiola destructor) - NEBRASKA - Damage very light and scattered in Johnson County. (Wilmes). TARNISHED PLANT BUG (Lygus lineolaris) - MARYLAND - Adults and nymphs 8-20 per 10 Sweeps in wheat and barley in central and eastern Sections. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). MEADOW PLANT. BUG (Leptopterna dolabrata) - MARYLAND - Ranged 10-20 per 10 sweeps in barley and wheat near Church Hill, Queen Annes County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). SAY STINK BUG (Pitedia sayi) - NEVADA - Adults heavy on barley in Moapa Valley, Clark County. Damage light to medium but increasing. (Heringer). GRASS SAWFLY (Pachynematus extensicornis) - INDIANA - Larvae common in central district wheat; 2-7 per 100 Sweeps in many fields. (Huber). STEM SAWFLIES (Cephus spp.) - MARYLAND - Adults ranged 5-10 per 10 sweeps in wheat and barley in Queen Annes and Talbot Counties. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). BROWN WHEAT MITE (Petrobia latens) - WYOMING - Light on Laramie County wheat. (Parshall, May 17). COLORADO - Present in scattered areas; controls necessary. (Alldredge, Schweissing). NEBRASKA - Light, 10-15 per plant, on wheat in Kimball and Banner Counties. (Ohlenbusch). WINTER GRAIN MITE (Penthaleus major) - OHIO - Abundant on wheat in Wayne County May 21. (Barry, Knulle). TURF, PASTURES, RANGELAND WHITE GRUBS (Phyllophaga spp.) - NEBRASKA - Destroyed 10 acres of 40-acre pasture in Stanton County. (Bstandig). Spotted heavy infestations in Brown County ranged 20-50 per square yard. Damage light; averaged 10 per square yard in meadow south of Valentine, Cherry County. Damage very light in Loup County (Helms et al.) and heavy to native pastures in Knox County May 16 (Thomas). KANSAS - Damage heavy on golf courses and pastures in Logan and Sheridan Counties. (Simpson). A BILLBUG (Sphenophorus venatus vestitus) - KANSAS - Larvae ranged O-11 per square foot in Midway Bermuda grass in Sedgwick County; no adults. (Thompson) . MEADOW PLANT BUG (Leptopterna dolabrata) - MISSOURI - Present in bluegrass throughout much of State. Counts in roadside bluegrass ranged 50-620 per 100 Sweeps in northeast area. (Munson) . - 464 - THRIPS (Chirothrips spp.) - ARIZONA - Controls applied to several Bermuda grass seed fields from Yuma to Roll, Yuma County. (Ariz. Goop-ssunic BROWN WHEAT MITE (Petrobia latens) - NEVADA - Heavy on timothy in Smith Valley, Lyon County, May 4-10; Anaphothrips obscurus and Oligonychus pratensis in same area. (Batchelder). BERMUDAGRASS MITE (Aceria neocynodonis) - TEXAS - Damaging grass in El Paso area. (Neeb). FORAGE LEGUMES ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - NEW HAMPSHIRE - Adults, 1-16 per 10 sweeps, infested less than one percent of tips at Kingston May 16 and New Boston May 15. (Sutherland). VERMONT - Adults averaged 1 per 5 sweeps May 16 at Woodstock, Windsor County. (MacCollom). CONNECTICUT - Adults 17 and larvae 50 per 100 sweeps with egg masses 5 per 25 stems at Storrs May 21; terminal damage 10 per- cent. Alfalfa growth 14 inches. (Savos). NEW YORK - Adults, eggs, and early instars numerous at Ithaca. Alfalfa growth 12-14 inches. Larval numbers and feeding increasing rapidly in Ulster County; terminal damage 15-20 percent. Controls expected with continued warm weather. Larvae up to 27 per sweep (severe) on Fulton County farm; tip damage 100 percent. Hatch begun in Allegany County; adults 10-12 per 10 sweeps. Adults 1-30 per 10 sweeps in Livingston County; some second and third instars. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt.). NEW JERSEY - Few fields treated compared with 1967. Damaged fields with southern slope. Average per 100 sweeps and (percent tip injury) by county: Hunterdon - 1,417 larvae, 30 adults, (26); Warren 1,792 larvae, 41 adults (25). Larvae in central and southern counties ranged 0-1,950 (averaged 920) per 100 sweeps; several fields treated. Pupae in Warren County May 20. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). MARYLAND - All instars abundant; pupation increasing in all sections. Damaged second stubble in Howard County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). OHIO - Up to 70 percent of foliage consumed in Coshocton, Holmes, Harrison, and Guernsey Counties. First cutting will be lost in heavily damaged fields. Larvae 53-160 per sweep (high) in 4 fields. Crop growth 15-24 inches. Controls past due in this area. (Rose). Pupation begun in east-central area and probably elsewhere across southern half of State. (Flessel). Damage increased in Wayne, Ashland, and Medina Counties on 10-100 (average 45) percent of leaves; some fields turning white. Controls difficult due to unfavorable weather, soft fields, and lush growth; some aerial treatments. (Glass). Larvae averaged 20 per sweep with 30-100 percent leaf damage in Medina County; controls begun. (Thoburn). Damage late developing but now widespread in Fairfield County; larvae 5-15 per plant in 20-acre field with 20 percent foliar damage. (Taylor). Larvae damaged 10-15 percent of foliage on most alfalfa in Williams County. (Stanley). Variable throughout Mercer County; larvae 25 per sweep. (DeBrosse). Lighter this year in Scioto County. (Mowbray). INDIANA - Larvae per sweep and (damage) by district: West-central - 12-23 in northern counties (5-15 percent) and 34-57 in southern counties (60-100 percent); central - 23-24 in northern counties (30-60 percent) and 29-126 in southern counties (50-100 percent); east-central - 29-41 in northern counties (40-60 percent) and 28-93 in southern counties (40-100 percent). (Huber). Pupation well underway in southern district; first adults emerging in Ohio River areas. Newly emerged adults averaged 20 per sweep in field near DePauw, Harrison County. (Hintz). First to fifth instars averaged 15 per 5 sweeps on fifth year alfalfa and first to second instars ranged 2-8 per 10 sweeps on first year alfalfa May 13 at Bowbon, Marshall County. (Porter). Larvae 3-23 per sweep (average 11) on ee i May 24 at North Judson, Starke County. (Wilson). ILLINOIS - Average counts per 100 sweeps by district: East - larvae 700, adults 30; central - larvae 1,000, adults 10; west-southwest - larvae 1,086, adults 14; southwest - larvae 3,050; southeast - larvae 4,200. Percent tip feeding by district: East 25, west-southwest 53, southwest 100, southeast 100. (Sturgeon). Parasitism by Bathyplectes curculionis averaged 46.6 percent (range 21.6- 78.2) - 465 - in east-southeast area alfalfa fields. (Armbrust). MICHIGAN - Light in 2 of 3 fields surveyed in Livingston and Oakland Counties May 16; counts 5 times higher than during same period in 1967. (Newman). Larvae ranged 5-93 per 100 sweeps in Lenawee and Monroe Counties. Adults and larvae in Hillsdale County. Appreciable damage in only one field in Monroe County (Whiteford Township). (Ruppel, Stehr). WISCONSIN - Larvae rare on Kenosha, Racine, and Walworth County alfalfa; some half-grown larvae and adults taken. Highest count 2 larvae, 1 adult per 200 sweeps. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). NORTH DAKOTA - Adults ranged 2-7 (averaged 5), per 100 sweeps in 6 to 12-inch irrigated alfalfa in McKenzie County. (Brandvik). KANSAS - Larvae ranged 1-3 per 100 sweeps (trace) on Rooks County alfalfa for new county. record. (Simpson). NEBRASKA - Adults 2 and larvae 4 per 25 sweeps on alfalfa in Scotts Bluff County. (Hagen). ARKANSAS - Survey negative in 2 fields in Washington County. (Boyer). NEW MEXICO - Larvae 5-7 per 25 sweeps in alfalfa near Bosque Farms, Valencia County. (Heninger). COLORADO - Increased; adults 20-50 and larvae 0-200 per 100 sweeps. Adults and larvae 10-40 per 100 sweeps at Padroni, Logan County; leaf damage moderate to heavy. Controls will probably be applied. Larvae 200 and adults 20 per 100 sweeps at Longmont, Boulder County. (Alldredge, Johnson). Larvae up to 2,000 per 100 sweeps in Otero County. Feeding damage beginning to appear. (Schweissing). WYOMING - One adult in 6 alfalfa fields in Laramie County May 17. Alfalfa growth 3-5 inches. Activity currently increasing in north-central area glfalfa. Adults ranged 0-130 and larvae 0-30 per 100 sweeps; mating Common. Adults and larvae heaviest in Shell area, Big Horn County. Alfalfa growth ranges from 3-7 inches in Park County to 8-12 inches in Washakie and Hot Springs Counties. (Parshall). UTAH - Larvae small and not numer- ous at Providence, Cache County. (Knowlton, May 20). NEVADA - Larvae variable, averaged 8 per sweep, at Lovelock, Pershing County. (Gardella, Martinelli). Ranged 2-10 per sweep in Smith and Mason Valleys, Lyon County. (Batchelder, Heringer). Averaged 10 per sweep at Fallon, Churchill County; up to 150 in some spots. (Arnett). Probably light due to unfavorable weather. (Nev. Coop. Rpt.). CLOVER LEAF WEEVILS (Hypera spp.) - OKLAHOMA - H. punctata ranged 1-5 per 10 sweeps in alfalfa in Logan, Payne, and Noble Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). NEBRASKA - H. nigrirostris adults 2 per 50 sweeps on alfalfa in Holt and Wayne Counties. (Raun). WEEVILS (Sitona spp.) - WISCONSIN - S. scissifrons continues dominant, particularly in sandy alfalfa fields. (Wis. Ins. Sur.) MISSOURI - S. cylindricollis adults on roadside sweetclover ranged 30-400 per 100 sweeps in northwest area. Heavy on sweetclover in southwest area. (Munson). PEA APHID (Acyrthosiphon pisum) - INDIANA - Ranged 4-21 per sweep on central area alfalfa. (Huber). MICHIGAN - Light on all alfalfa in State. (Newman, May 20). WISCONSIN - Very little change since last period. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MINNESOTA - Ranged 150-600 per 100 sweeps on alfalfa in central and east-central districts; many alates present. Predators numerous but not controlling aphid buildup. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). NORTH DAKOTA - Ranged 40-60 (averaged 50) per 100 sweeps in alfalfa in Richland County. A. pisum 80-100 (averaged 85) and lady beetles 4-25 (averaged 12) per 100 sweeps in irrigated alfalfa in McKenzie County. (Kaatz, Brandvik). NEBRASKA - Light, 25-40 per 25 sweeps, on alfalfa in Scotts Bluff County (Hagen) ; 4 per sweep in Holt County and 40-50 per sweep in Wayne County (Raun). ARKANSAS - Light, 30-40 per 100 sweeps, in alfalfa in northwest area. Abundant predators and parasites apparently effective in holding aphids at low level. (Boyer). OKLAHOMA - Ranged 10-40 per 10 sweeps in alfalfa in north-central area. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). NEW MEXICO - Heavy in some alfalfa in Curry County (Crystal); wingless adults and nymphs 50-90 per 25 sweeps in Valencia County alfalfa (Heninger). COLORADO - Increased to 2,000-3,000 per 100 sweeps at Longmont; 50-200 per 100 sweeps in most other areas. (Alldredge, Johnson). WYOMING - Adults and nymphs averaged 4 per 100 sweeps on Laramie County alfalfa May 17. Currently very light to light in alfalfa in Hot Springs, Washakie, Big Horn, Park, and Sheridan Counties. Nymphs and adults ranged 10-450 (average 75) per 100 sweeps on alfalfa; 4 percent winged adults. (Parshall). WASHINGTON - Ranged 3-8 per 25 Sweeps on alfalfa at Touchet, Walla Walla County, May 17. Increased currently to 15-25 per 25 sweeps on alfalfa in same area; no apparent damage. (Featherston). = 466 — MEADOW SPITTLEBUG (Philaenus spumarius) - MARYLAND - Heaviest in several years on red clover in central, western, and some northwestern sections of Eastern Shore. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). WISCONSIN - Spittle masses increasing on alfalfa as nymphs (third instar) increase in size. Counts per 10 stems ranged 5-7 in southwest and southeast areas and 3-5 in Dodge and Marquette Counties. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MINNESOTA - Nymphs in spittle masses becoming evident on alfalfa in east-central district; 12-16 percent of stems infested. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). THREE-CORNERED ALFALFA HOPPER (Spissistilus festinus) - ARIZONA - Counts per 100 sweeps averaged 60 in Pinal County and decreased to 40-350 at Yuma, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). LYGUS BUGS (Lygus spp.) - ARIZONA - Ranged 150-360 per 100 sweeps on alfalfa at Yuma, Yuma County. Average per 100 sweeps by county: Eastern Maricopa 350 and Pinal 300. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). WYOMING - Adults averaged 7 per 100 sweeps on Laramie County alfalfa May 17. Currently increasing in alfalfa in Big Horn Basin area; 2-49 (average 12) per 100 sweeps. (Parshall). NEBRASKA - Averaged 17 per 25 sweeps on alfalfa in Scotts Bluff County (Hagen); less than one per sweep in Holt and Wayne Counties (Raun). NEVADA - Mostly nymphs averaged 7 per sweep in Dixie Valley, Pershing County, alfalfa seed fields. (Gardella, Martinelli). COLORADO - Remain about same; 0-50 per 100 sweeps. (Johnson). TARNISHED PLANT BUG (Lygus lineolaris) - ARKANSAS - Very abundant, 200-300 per 100 sweeps, in alfalfa in northwest area; about 50 percent nymphs. (Boyer). INDIANA - Nymphs 1-7 per sweep in central district. (Huber). PLANT BUGS (Adelphocoris spp.) - NEBRASKA - Nymphs 1-2 per sweep on alfalfa in Holt and Wayne Counties. (Raun). MISSOURI - Adults and nymphs of A. rapidus and A. lineolatus light throughout northeast area. Averaged less than 50 per 100 Sweeps on Sweetclover. (Munson). INDIANA - A. lineolatus nymphs 1-13 per sweep on alfalfa in central districts. First adults of Season from Dearborn County alfalfa May 21. (Huber). WISCONSIN - A. rapidus nymphs still dominant in most al-fallitace a (Wis. rns). eSurte) im A FLEAHOPPER (Spanogonicus albofasciatus) - NEVADA - Light on alfalfa in Smith Valley, Lyon County. (Heringer). This is a new county record. (Bechtel). ALFALFA CATERPILLAR (Colias eurytheme) - WYOMING - Larvae averaged 2 per 100 sweeps in 4 alfalfa fields in Washakie and Big Horn Counties. (Parshall). UTAH - Light on Logan and Hyde Park alfalfa. (Knowlton). ARIZONA - Averaged 20 per 100 sweeps on alfalfa at Gilbert and Higley, Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). NEW MEXICO - Larvae light; less than 1 per 25 sweeps. (Heninger). BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) - NEW MEXICO - Unusually heavy; damage serious to seedling alfalfa in Southern counties. (N.M. Coop. Rpt.). ARIZONA - Decreased to 40-180 per 100 sweeps on alfalfa at Yuma, Yuma County. Average per 100 sweeps by county: Pinal 10 and Maricopa 20. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). CABBAGE LOOPER (Trichoplusia ni) - ARKANSAS - Full-grown larvae light, 4-5 per 100 sweeps, in alfalfa in WaShington County. Generally more prevalent than normal for time of year. (Boyer). NEVADA - Light on alfalfa; heavier along field margins in Pahrump Valley, Nye County. (Heringer). GREEN CLOVERWORM (Plathypena scabra) - MICHIGAN - Female collected in blacklight trap in Lenawee County May 15 for first collection of season. (Janes). VARIEGATED CUTWORM (Peridroma saucia) - ILLINOIS - Ranged 2-12 per square foot in clover in southeast and southwest sections. (Ill. Ins. Rpt.). MISSOURI - Damaging alfalfa in southeast area. (Munson). ARKANSAS - Common throughout State. Larvae 4-6 per 100 sweeps in Washington County alfalfa. (Boyer). OKLAHOMA - Damage heavy in scattered alfalfa in central, east-central, west-central, and north- central areas. Ranged 3-15 per square foot in almost 20 percent of fields checked. Pupation begun in south-central and southeast areas. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). NEW MEXICO - Damaging alfalfa in southern Eddy County. (Marek). - 467 - PALE WESTERN CUTWORM (Agrotis orthogonia) - COLORADO - Counts per square foot on alfalfa ranged 0-3 at Iliff, Logan County, and 0-10 at Akron, Washington County. (Johnson, Pilcher). THRIPS - NEW MEXICO - Light to moderately heavy with minor damage to alfalfa in most southern counties. (N.M. Coop. Rpt.). BROWN WHEAT MITE (Petrobia latens) - NEVADA - Continues heavy on some alfalfa at Lovelock, Pershing County; some controls applied. (Hilbig, Martinelli). COLORADO - Damaged Otero and Boulder County alfalfa. (Alldredge, Schweissing). CLOVER MITE (Bryobia praetiosa) - COLORADO - Heavy with some damage in Boulder County alfalfa field. (Bliss). SOYBEANS MEXICAN BEAN BEETLE (Epilachna varivestis) - SOUTH CAROLINA - Damaged soybeans in Pee Dee area; damage in most cases begun before soybeans completely out of ground. (Thomas, May 21). BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) - ARIZONA - Damaged small plants in Yuma Valley, Yuma County. (McHenry). COTTON BOLL WEEVIL (Anthonomus grandis) - MISSISSIPPI - Five weevils taken in male sex attractant traps at Stoneville, Washington County; total of 8 taken to May 24. (Pfrimmer et al.). LOUISIANA - Total of 420 weevils taken in male sex attractant traps and 317 in 10 wing traps in Madison Parish; 39 weevils collected from potted plants with ratio of 5 males to 1 female. Only 2 fields infested of 7 examined; averaged 10 per acre in one field, 50 in other field. (Cleveland et al., May 23). TEXAS - Weevils found in one of 22 fields in McLennan and Falls Counties; averaged 2 per acre (maximum 12) compared with average of 36 per acre corresponding week of 1967. One weevil collected on flight screens; total to date 6 compared with 18 by May 24, 1967. Total of 91 weevils taken in male sex attract- ant traps; total of 864 to date. (Cowan et al.). Occasional weevils detected in Brazos and Wharton Counties. (Nemec, Smith). BOLLWORMS (Heliothis spp.) - TEXAS - One H. zea larva collected on evening primrose, one on Texas star, and 3 on cotton in McLennan and Falls Counties; 18 larvae previously collected on wild hosts determined as H. zea. Total of 169 H. zea determined from wild host plants to date. First H. virescens moths of Season collected in light trap. (Cowan et al.). Egg laying and larvae of H. zea and H. virescens heavy in most Rio Grande Valley areas; controls difficult in” numerous cases but very effective in others. H. zea eggs ranged 1-5 per 100 terminals in Brazos County. (Deer, Nemec). CABBAGE LOOPER (Trichoplusia ni) - TEXAS - Light in 5 of 22 fields checked in McLennan and Falls Counties. (Cowan et al.). ARIZONA - First to third instars or 1 egg per 3 plants in Queen Creek, Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). ARMYWORMS - ARIZONA - Spodoptera exigua larvae 6-12 per plant in some fields in Yuma Valley, Yuma County. (McHenry). NEW MEXICO - S. exigua unusually heavy; damage serious to cotton in southern counties. Especially serious in replanted fields and in fields where stand poor due to unfavorable weather. (N.M. Coop. Rpt.). TEXAS - Prodenia ornithogalli light in 5 of 22 fields inspected in McLennan and Falis Counties. (Cowan et al.). CUTWORMS - ARKANSAS - Agrotis ipsilon continues threat; controls applied to 40 acres in Dumas, Desha County. (Boyer). TENNESSEE - Peridroma saucia heavy on cotton in Dyer and Lake Counties. (Johnson). - 468 - COTTON FLEAHOPPER (Psallus seriatus) - TEXAS - Averaged 0.5 per 100 linear feet of row in 12 untreated fields in McLennan and Falls Counties; none found in 10 un- treated fields. Counts per sweep averaged 24.2 in 4 fields of horsemint, 4.9 in 2 fields of evening primrose, 4.7 in field of wild verbena. Averaged 20 per 100 plants in field of croton. (Cowan et al.). Controls applied to some fields in eastern and western sections of Rio Grande Valley. Activity increased in Bee County; ranged 0-33 per 100 terminals. Activity light in Hays, Wharton, and Brazos Counties. (Deer et al.). A FLEAHOPPER (Spanogonicus albofasciatus) - ARIZONA - Adults infested 3-6 percent of squares and terminals in many fields in Gila Valley, Yuma County. (McHenry). APHIDS (Aphis spp.) - NEW MEXICO - A. craccivora apparently increasing in several fields in Chaves County; some damage to cotyledons and first true leaves. (Mathews). TEXAS - A. gossypii causing some concern in Wharton County. (Smith). THRIPS - MISSISSIPPI - Continue light in experimental plots at Stoneville, Washington County. (Pfrimmer et al.). LOUISIANA - Ranged 0.08-0.72 (average 0.32) per plant in all of 12 fields examined in Madison Parish. Most seed treated with systemic. (Cleveland et al., May 23). TEXAS - Light in 10, medium in 1, and heavy in 1 of 12 untreated fields in McLennan and Falls Counties. Light in 5 of 10 treated fields. (Cowan et al.). Light to medium in Hays, Wharton, and Brazos Counties; heavy with damage to late-planted cotton in Brazos County. (Johnson et al.). ARIZONA - Frankliniella spp. decreased in Avra Valley, Pima County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). TOBACCO TOBACCO FLEA BEETLE (Epitrix hirtipennis) - VIRGINIA - Generally light in tobacco plantbeds; 3-8 per plant in 3-acre field of newly set tobacco in Pittsylvania County. (Dominick, May 17). VEGETABLE WEEVIL (Listroderes costirostris obliquus) - VIRGINIA - Larvae and damage very light in several tobacco plantbeds in Pittsylvania County. (Dominick, May 17). SUGARBEETS SUGAR-BEET ROOT MAGGOT (Tetanops myopaeformis) - COLORADO - Adults 3-5 per square yard in Weld and Larimer Counties. Adults moving from old fields into new fields and laying eggs. (Johnson). WYOMING - Adults active in Hot-Springs, Washakie, and Big Horn Counties. (Parshall). SUGAR-BEET WIREWORM (Limonius californicus) - WASHINGTON - Larvae light in potato seed pieces in untreated fields. Heavy in spots of 60-acre field at Harrah, Yakima County. (Onsager, May 17). BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) - NEW MEXICO - Destroyed about 35 acres of sugarbeets in Hidalgo County. (Hare). CUTWORMS - IDAHO - Damaged fields in southwestern area. Damaged second planting in some fields following loss of first planting and treatment. (Scott, May 20). NEBRASKA - Ranged up to 3 per linear foot in some fields in Scotts Bluff County; plant growth retarded. (Hagen). - 469 - MISCELLANEOUS FIELD CROPS A LACE BUG (Corythucha morrilli) - ARIZONA - Infested sunflowers at Yuma, Yuma County, and Phoenix, Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). POTATOES, TOMATOES, PEPPERS COLORADO POTATO BEETLE (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) - NEW YORK - Laying eggs in Suffolk County. (N.Y. WEKly. Rpt., May 20). NEW JERSEY - Adults damaging tomato seedlings near Centerton (Cumberland County) and Adelphia. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). MARYLAND - Adults common in tomato plantings in Worcester, Wicomico, Somerset, and Dorchester Counties. Heavy in areas adjacent to woods or weed fields. Some controls necessary in Worcester County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). TEXAS - Light in potato gardens in Caldwell, Guadalupe, Hays, Karnes, and Wilson Counties. (Massey). FLEA BEETLES - NEW YORK - Found on early set tomatoes in Albany County. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt., May 20). NEW JERSEY - Adults damaging tomato seedlings near Centerton (Cumberland County) and Adelphia. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). TOMATO FRUITWORM (Heliothis zea) - ARIZONA - Tomatoes treated at Yuma, Yuma County; heavy on tomatoes in many gardens at Tucson, Pima County. (Curtis). BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) - NEW MEXICO - Unusually heavy; damage serious to chile in southern counties. (N.M. Coop. Rpt.). CUTWORMS - VERMONT - Active on newly set tomatoes. (MacCollom, May 20). NEW YORK - Damaged tomatoes in Albany County. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt., May 20). CARMINE SPIDER MITE (Tetranychus telarius) - ARIZONA - Heavy on garden eggplants at Tucson, Pima County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). BEANS AND PEAS MEXICAN BEAN BEETLE (Epilachna varivestis) - MARYLAND - First adults of season damaging 10 percent of bean plants in field near Hebron, Wicomico County. Adults appearing on snap beans in Beltsville, Prince Georges County, May 26. (Quo Wicloy EnityeDelpitre) i PEA APHID (Acyrthosiphon pisum) - MARYLAND - Counts per 10 sweeps ranged 200-300 in 30-acre field north of Salisbury, Wicomico County, and 40-70 in 100 acres of peas at Snow Hill, Worcester County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). DELAWARE - Remains low on peas in most areas. (Burbutis). COLE CROPS CABBAGE LOOPER (Trichoplusia ni) - FLORIDA - Severe on 50 acres of collards; harvest delayed at O'Brien, Suwannee County. Det. by J. Strayer. (Strayer). MISSISSIPPI - Light, 2 per 5 row feet, on 10 acres of cabbage in Copiah County; controls applied. (Brown et al.). CUTWORMS - NEW YORK - Damaged cabbage in Albany County. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt., May 20). DIAMONDBACK MOTH (Plutella xylostella) - NEW JERSEY - First moths in blacklight trap in Middlesex County May 15. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). IMPORTED CABBAGEWORM (Pieris rapae) - MARYLAND - Larvae heavy, 3-4 per plant, on 60 garden cabbages at Linkwood, Dorchester County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). = 470) "= CABBAGE MAGGOT (Hylemya brassicae) - OHIO - Infested Sandusky County cabbage (Maddy) and some Perry County radishes (Perry, Miller). CUCURBITS SPOTTED CUCUMBER BEETLE (Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi) - OKLAHOMA - Medium on commercial cucumbers in Choctaw County; controls underway. (Okla. Coop | Sure)’. GENERAL VEGETABLES ASPARAGUS BEETLE (Crioceris asparagi) - MICHIGAN - First adult activity in Van Buren County. (Earl, May 20). VERMONT - Very abundant statewide. (MacCollom, May 20). : SWEETPOTATO FLEA BEETLE (Chaetocnema confinis) - MARYLAND - First adults of season, 4-6 per 10 sweeps, on Sweetpotato transplants in Wicomico and Worcester Counties. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). DARKLING BEETLES - ARIZONA - Heavy on stems of sSweetpotato at Laveen and Litch- field, Maricopa County; controls in progress. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). ONION MAGGOT (Hylemya antiqua) - NEW JERSEY - Injury extensive in spring-seeded onion field near Cedarville, Cumberland County; very little injury in treated fields. Puparia and full-grown larvae in soil. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). CUTWORMS - NEW YORK - Continue active on onions in muck area of Orange County; damaged asparagus in Albany County. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt., May 20). ONION THRIPS (Thrips tabaci) - NEW JERSEY - Damage to onions could be serious in 1968. Some controls applied. Probably this species moderate in Gloucester County asparagus field. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). BROWN WHEAT MITE (Petrobia latens) - NEVADA - Increasing to economic levels on onions in Mason and Smith Valleys, Lyon County. Treatments planned. (Batchelder). DECIDUOUS FRUITS AND NUTS CODLING MOTH (Carpocapsa pomonella) - VERMONT - Pupation begun at Burlington, Chittenden County. (MacCollom, May 20). NEW YORK - Emergence started in rearing cages at Highland May 14-15; taken in traps May 17. Evening temperatures un- favorable for moth activity. First larval entries into fruit expected June 4-8. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt.). WASHINGTON - Moths numerous in Yakima County; very few re- covered at South Naches, Naches, and Tieton. First-brood eggs on pears in Yakima, Yakima County. (Johnson). ORIENTAL FRUIT MOTH (Grapholitha molesta) - NEW JERSEY - Larvae flagging terminals of unsprayed peach trees. Six moths in | trap May 13-20 at Glassboro. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). MISSOURI - Moderate to severe on unsprayed peach in delta area and moderate in south-southcentral area. Larvae nearly full grown in delta and quarter to three-quarters grown in central area. Much leaf curl in many areas. (Wkly. Rpt. Fr. Grs., May 21). WASHINGTON - Damage 5 percent on 30-acre peach orchard at Sawyer, Yakima County; earliest larvae in shoots May 14. Det. by L.C. Johnson. (Chandler). EYE-SPOTTED BUD MOTH (fpilonota ocellana) - WISCONSIN - Larvae nearly full grown on Dane County apples;\no pupation aS Of May 17. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). seem) LOR | GULU | tun CARROLL % LAFAY- ETTE CASS HENRY [ew GAN BATES aearel IST CLAIRTyjcq- | CAMDEN’ ORY ‘ Bvernon[ T CEDAR OAL LACLEDE MILLER -I BARTON DADE &, Fe. %, GREENE) %, ic Yh, JASPER —i i HONTES CooPER\ JOHNSON |PETTIS| atl FL ry a“ Se GxSCO 0 Law: RENCE [CHRISTIAN DOUGLAS NEWION BARRY Fa We DONALD o el S& |waves BENTON € ie, TANEY | OZARK MADI- RO! CARROLL gone Yn, BAX % STONE Yin) El C) FULTON LATIMER 7 t, Re e = ka Erg C aw fa Hine! Ke Pa i) =e Je ES 5S) & ey Baas KE PEGTOR, Oss x sereBR SON CHOCTAW. CLARK = Lu DALLAS\CLEVE al LAN EF el) & 3 z (| es iif Ed f é S a a Y, BOSSIER HARRISON leu 1 eS > x, 3 S Sc 8 Ste FEDERAL PLANT PEST CONTROL OUNTY AGENT FOR ASSISTANGE RADLEY ASH MoH RED ARE COMPLETELY REGULATED; DRED ARE PARTIALLY REGULATED. % FEDERAL REGULATIONS BULATIONS ONLY (SED ON MOVEMENT OF REGULATED TER Fzano LATED AREA AS FOLLOWS: SON AH NEWTON | SEARCY OUGH WHITE OR BLUE. DTHER AREA WHEN REQUIRED BY ATE QUARANTINE OR BY AN Revised Dec. 5, 1967. EAS UNDER REGULATION AND Li MOVING REGULATED ARTICLES. 4 SERVICE — i \ 7S DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE PLANT PEST CONTROL DIVISION TING WITH AFFECTED STATES | “€1 eyuoug;uMm, PUB STOO WIP pesp “Cl *SleUTeUOS sz ONpoid-w3ze;z °*10Z59dsUT BY FO UOTRIIEJSTAeS ay pesn 19420 pue ‘sydes BuyTyD}duo0j309 ‘s8eq deTanq ‘saxoq ‘saqeio pesp 02 pe}¥e1] Jo peuveTS useq eAeYy AdYQ JT y¥y3JdwWaxe eae syoeS BuTyOTdu0Q309 *T}os 94g YQTA JOERUOD OJUT BUTIWOS ANoYITM poa_ssAreYy J} yy JdWaxe SI UI0D Iva poyonysuyn “11 *ulod Ave peyYonys 3deoxe ‘ut0d 3eq CC SEISEESSS~'SISN~_-— EEE 4 SOYBEAN CYST NEMATODE QUARANTINE TALE coo) FULTON Wig COUNTIES ENTIRELY COLORED ARE COMPLETELY REGULATED: COUNTIES PARTIALLY GOLOREDO ARE PARTIALLY RE@ULATED,. GYM STATE AND FEDERAL REaULATIONS (GMM) ssrare Re@uULATIONS ONLY Ee hed eS Beraesmascn Fao foor | RESTRICTIONS ARE INPOSED ON NOVEMENT OF REGULATED ARTIOLES FRON A REGULATED AREA AS FOLLOWS: 1, REO INTO OR THROUGH WHITE OR BLUE. 2. 8LUE INTO ANY OTHER AREA WHEN AEQUIRED AY APPROPRIATE STATE QUARANTINE OR BY AN AUTHORIZED INSPECTOR, me — 3 ve | : Vell 4+, ( Joantand of foment * OT aPnINO| gnaw JUELE a GRAN! SON nie A neunlr SIRO MEyAT aN en : i | HOPRING) ue {Cau 4] wooo WANION. TTI peel br | KS luannison CG CONSULT YOUR STATE OR FEDERAL PLANT PEST CONTROL INSPECTOR OR YOUR COUNTY AGENT FOR ASSISTANCE REGARDING EXACT AREAS UNDER REGULATION AND REQUIREMENTS FOR MOVING REGULATED ARTICLES. SS " —_ aut Ps “nua (PANOLA AND p= Lal ryt ee rn S ‘i V) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE = PLANT PEST CONTROL DIVISIOI SN COOPERATING WITH AFFECTED STATES \ oats 2sSial 513 R REQUIREMENTS CONCERNING GERTIFICATION OF REGULATED ARTICLES. Revised Dec. 5, 1967. SEE REVERSE SIDE FO EQ Wie 12. 13. 14, 15. *Information as to designated facilities, gins, oil mills, may be obtained from an inspector. THE FOLLOWING CROPS OR ARTICLES MUST BE MOVED UNDER CERTIFICATE OR LIMITED PERMIT YEAR-ROUND EXCEPT AS NOTED Soil, compost, decomposed manure, humus, muck, and peat, separately or with other things. Soil samples shipped to Corps of Engineers Laboratories are exempt. Plants with roots. Grass sod. Plant crowns and roots for propagation. True bulbs, corms, rhizomes, and tubers of ornamental plants. Root crops, except those from which all soil has been removed. Root crops, such as beets, carrots, Irish potatoes, onions, radishes, rutabagas, sweetpotatoes, and turnips are exempt if moving to a designated processing plant.* Peanuts in shells and peanut shells, except boiled or roasted peanuts. Peanuts are exempt if moving to a designated processing plant.* Soybeans. Soybeans, other than for seed purposes, are exempt** if harvested in bulk or directly into new or treated containers, and if the beans and containers thereof have not come in contact with the soil. Hay, straw, fodder, and plant litter of any kind. Seed cotton. Seed cotton is exempt if moving to a designated gin.* Ear corn, except shucked ear corn. Unshucked ear corn is exempt** if harvested without coming into contact with the soil. Used crates, boxes, burlap bags, cottonpicking sacks, and other used farm-products containers. Cottonpicking sacks are exempt** if they have been cleaned or treated to the satisfaction of the inspector. Used farm tools and implements, Used farm tools and implements are exempt®* if cleaned free of soil. Used mechanized cultivating equipment and used harvesting machinery. Used mechanized soil-moving equipment. and processing plants **Exempt if not exposed to infestation after cleaning or other prescribed handling. =A yielag— FRUIT-TREE LEAF ROLLER (Archips argyrospilus) - IDAHO - Second instars general on untreated apple throughout Moscow, Latah County, May 13. (Portman). CONNECTICUT - One-third to half-grown larvae on apple still abundant. (Savos, May 21). GREEN FRUITWORM (Lithophane antennata) - WASHINGTON - First larvae on apple May 9 at Cowiche, Yakima County. (Gregorich). PLUM CURCULIO (Conotrachelus nenuphar) - NEW HAMPSHIRE - First adult of season at East Kingston May 15. (Sutherland). CONNECTICUT - Very active on apple past period. Feeding and egg laying scars on unsprayed apple and sprayed pear trees at Storrs. Active on peaches at New Haven. Most important pest also on plun, nectarine, and quince. (Savos, May 22). PENNSYLVANIA —- First damage to fruits May 18 on plum, cherry, and crab apple at State College, Centre County; very few cherries damaged. Total of 10 percent of plums cut by May ilies (Gesell). NEW JERSEY - Collected 18 in short period May 20 at Glassboro. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). DELAWARE - Feeding punctures and eggs on unsprayed apples in Kent County May 16. (MacCreary). WISCONSIN - Adults common in blacklight traps in Dane County. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). SHOT-HOLE BORER (Scolytus rugulosus) - WASHINGTON - First adult emergence on cherries May 8 at Englewood Heights, Yakima County. (Johnson). CHERRY FRUIT FLY (Rhagoletis cingulata) - WASHINGTON - First adults emerging from cherries May 17 collected in traps at Parker Heights, Yakima County; 8 days earlier than in 1967. (Hudson, Johnson). PEAR SAWFLY (Hoplocampa brevis) - CONNECTICUT - One specimen on pear blossoms May 3, 1968, at Storrs, Tolland County, for new county record. (Savos). EUROPEAN APPLE SAWFLY (Hoplocampa testudinea) - CONNECTICUT - Larvae very active on apple at Storrs. Some larvae already begun to enter second fruit. (Savos, May 21). EUROPEAN RED MITE (Panonychus ulmi) - NEW HAMPSHIRE — Adults but no eggs at East Kingston May 15. (Sutherland). CONNECTICUT - Few on apple at Woodstock and Bantam; scarce in most places. (Savos, May 21). NEW YORK - Many summer eggs in eastern area May 15 and 17. Many females, some males, and nymphs; no larvae. Many nonviable overwintered eggs. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt.). OHIO - Summer eggs first noted on Wayne County apple May 23. (Forsythe). MICHIGAN - Egg laying on apples. (Pshea et al., May 20). WASHINGTON - First hatch of overwintering eggs May 11 on apples at pink stage. High mortality of overwintered eggs and larvae with 20°F. temperatures April 13 and later at west Wapato, Yakima County; first Summer eggs on apples May 6 at Parker Heights, Yakima County. (Johnson). TWO-SPOTTED SPIDER MITE (Tetranychus urticae) - FLORIDA - Outbreak on experimental peach trees at Monticello, Jefferson County, May 17. (Whitcomb). PEAR PSYLLA (Psylla pyricola) - CONNECTICUT - Egg laying begun on developing pear fruit at Storrs. (Savos, May 21). MICHIGAN - Eggs, nymphs, and some adults on pears at Fennville. (Pshea et al., May 20). WASHINGTON - First Summer generation on pear May 8 at Parker, Yakima County. (Johnson) . OYSTERSHELL SCALE (Lepidosaphes ulmi) - NEBRASKA - Eggs hatching at Omaha, Douglas County. (Roselle). WISCONSIN - Hatch begun on apple May 17 in Dane County; 2 percent of eggs hatched. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). APPLE APHID (Aphis pomi) - NEW HAMPSHIRE - Curling new growth of apples in un- treated orchards May 15 at Londonderry and East Kingston. (Sutherland). CONNECTICUT - Building up on apple terminals and suckers at Storrs. Few from Woodstock area. (Savos, May 21). NEW YORK - Alates began to appear May 15 in Clinton County. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt.). - 472 - GIANT BARK APHID (Longistigma caryae) - TEXAS - Infesting pecan trees in Wilbarger County. (Boring). PECAN LEAF PHYLLOXERA (Phylloxera notabilis) - OKLAHOMA - Infestation many times heavier than in past years on pecan trees in Cotton County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). INSECT DETECTION TEXAS CITRUS MITE (Eutetranychus banksi) - CALIFORNIA - Collected from citrus at Bard, Imperial County, by J. Simms April 20, 1968. Det. by D. Tuttle. (p. 473). A WEEVIL (Onychobaris millepora) - WISCONSIN - Collected on Mirabilis nyctaginca at Madison, Dane County, by D.H. Custer June 26, 1967. Det. by R.E. Warner. (p. 474). AN ERIOPHYID MITE (Aculodes teucrii) - CALIFORNIA - Collected on germander (Teucrium sp.) at Carmichael, Sacramento County. by M. Mathews May 1, 1968. Det. by H.H. Keifer. (p. 474). A WEEVIL (Pselactus spadix) - GEORGIA - Collected in pine wood at home in Atlanta, De Kalb County, by J.W. Ridley February 22 1968. Det. by R.E. Warner. (p. 478). A BUMBLE BEE (Bombus appositus) - NEVADA - Collected 3 miles north of Minden, Douglas County, by R.C. Bechtel September 10, 1957. Det. by W.P. Stephen. (pr. 47/9) A BUMBLE BEE (Bombus centralis) - NEVADA - Collected at 6,300 feet in Kingston Canyon Lander County, by R.C. Bechtel and R.W. Lauderdale April 21, 1959. Det. by W.P. Stephen. (p. 479). A BUMBLE BEE (Bombus occidentalis occidentalis) - NEVADA - Collected at B00 feet in LamoilIe Canyon, EIko County, by R.C. Bechtel September 15, 1957. Det. by W.P. Stephen. (p. 479). New County Records ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - KANSAS - Rooks County. (p. 465). A FLEAHOPPER (Spanogonicus albofasciatus) - NEVADA - Lyon County. (p. 466). PEAR SAWFLY (Hoplocampa brevis) - CONNECTICUT - Tolland County. (p. 471). AN ARMORED SCALE (Hemiberlesia diffinis) - FLORIDA - Marion County. (p. 474). FLETCHER SCALE (Lecanium fletcheri) - MARYLAND - Anne Arundel County. (p. 474). SMALLER EUROPEAN ELM BARK BEETLE (Scolytus multistriatus) - NEVADA - Humboldt County. @or, 4n46))). A PSYCHID MOTH (Apterona crenulella) - NEVADA - Humboldt County. (p. 476). A LONG-HORNED BEETLE (Xylotrechus annosus emotus) - NEVADA - Douglas County. Gage ZY) c A WEEVIL (Barypeithes pellucidus) - PENNSYLVANIA - Allegheny County. (p. 478). A BUMBLE BEE (Bombus appositus) - NEVADA - Elko County. (p. 479). A BUMBLE BEE (Bombus centralis) - NEVADA - White Pine County. (p. 479). GYPSY MOTH (Porthetria dispar) - NEW YORK - Richmond and New York Counties. (p. 480). - 473 - CITRUS Citrus Insect Situation in Florida - Mid-May - CITRUS RUST MITE (Phyllocoptruta oleivora) infested 74 percent of groves (norm 52 percent); 47 percent economic (norm 33 percent). Population above normal and in high range, Infestation of new fruit about one-third that of leaves. Increase on fruit will become more rapid in June, Highest districts south, central, west, and east, TEXAS CITRUS MITE (Eutetranychus banksi) infested 58 percent of groves (norm 52 percent); 34 percént economic (norm 28 percent). Population above normal and increasing. Although statewide population still in moderate range, all districts have some groves with heavy infestations and more will occur, Highest districts south, east, and central, CITRUS RED MITE (Panonychus citri) infested 53 percent of groves (norm 52 percent); 30 percent economic (norm 26 percent). Population near normal and moderate, Little change expected until June. Some groves will have heavy infestations. Highest districts east, west, and north, SIX-SPOTTED MITE (Eotetranychus sexmaculatus) will remain below average and of little importance. GLOVER SCALE (LepidosSaphes gloverii) infested 78 percent of groves (norm 83 per- cent); 13 percent economic (norm 30 percent). Below average and still in moderate range. Slight increase expected. Highest districts east and south. PURPLE SCALE (L. beckii) infested 72 percent of groves (norm 82 percent); 1 per- cent economic (norm 12 percent). This is lowest population on record for May. Slight increase expected. Highest district west. CHAFF SCALE (Parlatoria per- gandii) infested 51 percent of groves (norm 72 percent); 2 percent economic (norm 15 percent). Population below normal and will continue in low range; slight in- crease expected. Highest district south. YELLOW SCALE (Aonidiella citrina) in- fested 66 percent of groves (norm 64 percent); 1 percent economic (norm 12 per- cent). This scale below normal abundance and expected to remain low. Highest district south. BLACK SCALE (Saissetia oleae) infested 41 percent of groves (norm 30 percent); 8 percent economic (norm 13 percent), Population near normal and still in low range; much variability among districts. It appears that summer inerease will occur later than normal in most areas. Highest districts east and central. An ARMORED SCALE (Unaspis citri) expected to increase in June. WHITEFLY nymphs in 66 percent of groves; about normal for May. Increase expected to result in population near high range by mid-June. MEALYBUGS currently at normal low level. Expected to increase greatly in June and develop moderate to heavy infestations in about 20 percent of groves. (W.A. Simanton (Citrus Expt. Sta., Lake Alfred)). CALIFORNIA RED SCALE (Aonidiella aurantii) - ARIZONA - Reinfestations continue in 35-acre grove at Mesa; Live Specimens found despite repeated control measures past 10 years in Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). CITRICOLA SCALE (Coccus pseudomagnoliarum) - ARIZONA - Heavy in 2 groves at Glendale, Maricopa County; controls planned. Young citrus plantings adjacent .to these groves could become infested, (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). CITRUS THRIPS (Scirtothrips citri)-- CALIFORNIA - Medium on citrus plantings in Hamilton City, Glenn County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). TEXAS CITRUS MITE (Eutetranychus banksi) - CALIFORNIA - Collected from citrus in Bard, Imperial County, by J. Simms, April 20, 1968, Det. by D, Tuttle. Heavy on several 20 to 40-acre citrus groves in Imperial County May 9; grapefruit, orange, lemon, and tangerine infested. This is a new State record, (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). CITRUS RED MITE (Panonychus citri) - FLORIDA - Adults moderate on 3,775 of 5,033 citrus nursery plants at Turkey Creek, Hillsborough County. (Vaughan) , OTHER TROP. & SUBTROP. FRUITS AN ERIOPHYID MITE (Oxycenus maxwelli) - CALIFORNIA - Heavy on buds and stems of olive trees in Corning, Tehama County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). - 474 - SMALL FRUITS EASTERN RASPBERRY FRUITWORM (Byturus rubi) - NEW HAMPSHIRE - Adults common on red raspberry at Exeter May 11. Injured 20 percent of blossom clusters. Leaf feed- ing increasing. (Sutherland). A NOCTUID MOTH (Zale lunata) - CALIFORNIA - Larvae heavy on raspberry plants at Oroville, Butte County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). CRANBERRY FRUITWORM (Acrobasis vaccinii) - NEW JERSEY - Eggs on blueberries May 19, 12 days earlier than 1967. Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). FOREST TENT CATERPILLAR (Malacosoma disstria) - UTAH - Infested currant bushes at Mendon, Cache County. (Knowlton, May 20). A LEAFHOPPER (Erythroneura comes) - OHIO - Overwintering adults very common in some grape vineyards where no effective controls used in 1967 on South Bass Island in Lake Erie. (Still). ORNAMENTALS A WEEVIL (Onychobaris millepora) - WISCONSIN - Adults on Mirabilis nyctaginca at Madison, Dane County. Collected by D.H. Custer June 26, 1967. Det. by R.E. Warner. This is a new State record. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). AN ARMORED SCALE (Hemiberlesia diffinis) - FLORIDA - On Nyssa sylvatica at Blichton, Marion County, April 18. (Graham, Holder). This is a new Florida Department of Plant Industry county and host record. (Fla. Coop. Sur.). JUNIPER SCALE (Diaspis carueli) - VIRGINIA - Eggs and crawlers severe on Montgomery County juniper. (Amon, May 20). FLETCHER SCALE (Lecanium fletcheri) - MARYLAND - Found on taxus at Shade Slide, Anne Arundel County, by W.T, Garrett May 3, 1968. Det. by R.F, Wilkey. This is a new county record. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). BLACK SCALE (Saissetia oleae) - FLORIDA - Adults on stems on Jamaica caper (Capparis cynophallophora) at Homestead, Dade County, May 15. (Knowles). This is a new Florida Department of Plant Industry host record. (Fla. Coop. Sur.). BAGWORM (Thyridopteryx ephemeraeformis) - VIRGINIA - New larvae medium; damaging Pfitzer juniper in Henrico County. (Jennings, May 14). OKLAHOMA - Early instars on evergreens in Oklahoma and Murray Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). AN ERIOPHYID MITE (Aculodes teucrii) - CALIFORNIA - Moderate to heavy on germander (Teucrium sp.) hedge at Carmichael, Sacramento County. Collected by M. Mathews May 1, 1968. Det. by H.H. Keifer. This is a new State record. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). FOREST AND SHADE TREES LARCH CASEBEARER (Coleophora laricella) - IDAHO - Larvae feeding May 12 on new needles on Moscow Mountain, Latah County. Damage to new growth apparent. Infes- ted few to almost 100 percent of needles, (Manis). NANTUCKET PINE TIP MOTH (Rhyacionia frustrana) - OKLAHOMA - First-generation pupa- tion beginning in pine terminals around Lake Carl Blackwell, Payne County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). VIRGINIA - Activity light to moderate in Piedmont area. (For. Pest Sur. Rpt., May Sum.). - 475 - SPRUCE NEEDLE MINER (Taniva albolineana) - IOWA - Pupae on Colorado spruce at Keokuk, Lee County. (Stockdale). MINNESOTA - Active in State, (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). A GEOMETRID MOTH (Nepytia semiclusaria) - FLORIDA - Adults heavy in light trap collections at Austin Cary State Forest, 12 miles northeast of Gainesville, Alachua County. Det. by L.A, Hetrick. (Hetrick). JACK-PINE BUDWORM (Choristoneura pinus) - WISCONSIN - Second instars just out of hibernation May 15 on new shoots of jack pine in Bayfield County. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). BARK BEETLES - VIRGINIA - Activity serious in southern Mecklenburg and southeast Halifax Counties where Dendroctonus frontalis primarily involved; in 20 spots involving 725,000 board feet of Sawtimber and 650 cords of pulpwood in Isle of Wight County; in 16 spot infestations on 8 acres in Nansemond County; few scat- tered spots in Surry County near Bacons Castle and more recently northwest of Surry. Ips spp. damage (mostly late last summer) prevalent in Charlotte County. D. frontalis and Ips spp. in scattered infestations around Richmond. Surveys in Buckingham, Cumberland, Prince Edward, and Chesterfield Counties in February 1968 showed little or no activity. Only 3 spot infestations of Ips spp. located in Louisa County in late December; 12 spots in Pittsylvania County. (For. Pest Sur. Rpt., May Sum). PALES WEEVIL (Hylobius pales) - OHIO - Up to 10 adults in duff around Christmas tree stumps cut in 1967 and around some flagging damage of 1967 in Portage County; such reports did not occur in past 3 years. Larvae under bark of stumps with adults, Flagging damage of 1967 rendered about 2,000 trees in the planting unsalable for 1968. (Custer, Kelly, May 15). VIRGINIA - Damage by this and associated reproduction weevils in recently planted loblolly pine in Rappahannock and Greensville Counties. (For, Pest Sur. Rpt., May Sum). WHITE-PINE WEEVIL (Pissodes strobi) - VERMONT - Adults and oviposition and feeding scars abundant in Champlain Valley. (MacCollom, May 20). CONIFER SAWFLIES - CONNECTICUT - Active through most of State on conifers, (Savos, May 22). OHIO - Neodiprion sertifer larvae will soon complete feeding on pine in east-central area. Larvae, 0.75-1.00 inch long; light on pitch pine in Guernsey County. (Rose). Larval damage in Medina County. (Thoburn). IOWA - N. sertifer infested Christmas tree planting in Wapello County. (Gunderson) . = COOLEY SPRUCE GALL APHID (Adelges cooleyi) - OHIO - Eggs and nymphs very heavy on approximately 5 acres of Douglas-fir in Knox County. (Barth). MICHIGAN - Nymphs beginning to appear on Douglas-fir. (Wallner, May 20). WISCONSIN - Hatched on blue spruce at Madison May 13-19; galls forming, (Wis. Ins.. Sur.). COLORADO - Eggs hatching in Larimer County. (Thatcher). EASTERN SPRUCE GALL APHID (Adelges abietis) - OHIO - Disfigured new growth of Norway spruce in Portage and Stark Counties. Other infestations and gall develop- ment of varying degrees throughout northeastern area, Nymphs still on outside of galls on few trees. (Kelly, May 14). Light infestation and formation of galls on Richland County spruce, (Barth). WISCONSIN - Galls forming on spruce at Madison, (Wis. Ins. Sur.). PINE BARK APHID (Pineus strobi) - MINNESOTA - Present at many locations this spring. Serious in several areas; controls necessary. (Minn, Ins, Rpt.). OHIO - Adults infested scattered white pines in Scioto State Forest, Ross County; no visible damage. (Burns). CONNECTICUT - Increasing on many trees, (Savos, May 22). - 476 - PINE SPITTLEBUG (Aphrophora parallela) - VIRGINIA - Active in most Scotch pine in 5,000-tree plantation in Rappahannock County. Active on Virginia pine at scattered locations in Frederick County. (For. Pest Sur. Rpt., May Sum.). Heavy locally on Virginia pine in Charlotte County. (Richardson, Allen, May 20) . WISCONSIN - First instars on pine in northwestern counties May 20, (Wis, Ins. Sur.). MINNESOTA - Masses on pine in south and central areas. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). PINE NEEDLE SCALE (Phenacaspis pinifoliae) - MINNESOTA - Crawler emergence appears complete in Minneapolis and St. Paul area; controls still worthwhile. (Minn. Ins, Rpt.). MICHIGAN - Hatch almost complete at Lansing, Ingham County. (Wallner, May 20). OHIO - No hatch yet from heavy infestation in Richland County. Crawlers on 2 acres of white spruce in Knox County. (Barth). First-generation crawlers from overwintering eggs on Norway spruce in Muskingum County. (Ellis). SPRUCE BUD SCALE (Physokermes piceae) - VERMONT - Nymphs very abundant on Norway and other spruces at Burlington. (MacCollom, May 20). DELAWARE - Common on spruce in one area of New Castle County. (Boys). BALSAM TWIG APHID (Mindarus abietinus) - OHIO - Very heavy May 17 on new growth of 5 acres of Richland County spruce; early instars present. (Barth). EASTERN TENT CATERPILLAR (Malacosoma americanum) - OHIO - Cocoons in Coshocton County indicate pupation underway in southern half of State, Large amount of web- bing on wild cherry and roadside apple trees in Coshocton, Harrison, Belmont, and Noble Counties, Appeared heavier in this section of State than in others, (Rose). WISCONSIN - Most larvae in fourth instar; some migration begun from smaller denuded trees. Damaged chokecherry most severely and also some roadside mulberry in Columbia County. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). INDIANA - Very much lighter throughout southern area compared with heavy numbers of 1965-1967. (Huber). FOREST TENT CATERPILLAR (Malacosoma disstria) - MINNESOTA - Development very slow due to very cool weather in northern area, Some eggs still hatching; mostly late first instars with some second instars, Controls delayed due to unfavorable weather. (Minn. Ins, Rpt.). A PSYCHID MOTH (Apterona crenulella) - NEVADA - Light on elm at Winnemucca, Humboldt County. (Day). This iS a new county record, (Bechtel). CANKERWORMS - MICHIGAN - Hatch 85-90 percent in warm protected areas; hatch beginning in cooler sections of same area. (Janes, May 20). MINNESOTA - Spotty in Minneapolis and St. Paul area; may become problem, especially in some suburbs, Larvae 0.5 inch in length. (Minn, Ins, Rpt.). WISCONSIN - Little change in Paleacrita vernata larval size but feeding becoming more noticeable on elm, (Wis. Ins, Sur. WHITE-MARKED TUSSOCK MOTH (Hemerocampa leucostigma) - NEBRASKA - Hatching at Lin- coln, Lancaster County. (Keith, Roselle, May 16). ELM LEAF BEETLE (Pyrrhalta luteola) - IDAHO - First eggs May 18 at Parma, Canyon County. (Scott). NEVADA - First eggs of season in southern Washoe County. (Nev. Coop. Rpt.). KANSAS - First-generation eggs in Sedgwick County; no larvae, (Thompson). TEXAS - Some damage to elm in Wilbarger, Hardeman, and Childress Counties. (Boring). IMPORTED WILLOW LEAF BEETLE (Plagiodera versicolora) - MICHIGAN - Some egg hatch; larvae active. (Wallner, May ~20). NEW JERSEY - Common on ornamental willow in central counties, (Ins, Dis. Newsltr, es SMALLER EUROPEAN ELM BA BEETLE (Scolytus multistriatus) - NEVADA - On elm at Winnemucca, Humboldt Coumty. (Kubota). This iS a new county record. (Bechtel). COLORADO - Adults beginning to emerge from dead elms at Fort Collins, Larimer County. (Thatcher), Say NATIVE ELM BARK BEETLE (Hylurgopinus rufipes) - WISCONSIN - Galleries on Menominee County elms preparatory to mating. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). A LONG-HORNED BEETLE (Xylotrechus annosus emotus) - NEVADA - Adults on Populus sp. at Genoa, Douglas County, for new county record. (Bechtel), A LEAF-MINING WEEVIL (Odontopus calceatus) - OHIO - Adults 1-4 per leaf on yellow- poplar May 3 in Scioto Trail Forest, Ross County. Galleries in most large leaves, eggs and larvae present. About 15- 50 percent of early foliage consumed, (Burns) . BRONZE BIRCH BORER (Agrilus anxius) - DELAWARE - Adults emerging from birch in New Castle County. (Bray). APHIDS - WASHINGTON - Myzocallis robiniae alatae migrating at Yakima, Yakima County. (Landis), Excessive Periphyllus lyropictus honeydew dripping from Norway maples at Pullman, Whitman County. ~(Johansen, May 17). WISCONSIN - Te ey acerifoliae colonies forming on Norway maple at Middleton, (Wis. Ins, Sur ASH PLANT BUG (Neoborus amoenus)- MINNESOTA - Adults active in Minneapolis and St. Paul area and south. (Minn, Ins. Rpt.). BIRCH LEAF MINER (Fenusa pusilla) - MINNESOTA - Damage begun in State. (Minn, Ins, Rpt.). MICHIGAN - Larvae appearing; most eggs unhatched. Peak larval ac- tivity should occur in 7-10 days, (Wallner, May 20). MAPLE BLADDER-GALL MITE (Vasates quadripedes) - MARYLAND - Galls heavy on several silver maples at Rockville, Montgomery County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). OHIO - Galls common on silver maple statewide, (Miller). IOWA - Galls very common on maple in State. Collected at Eagle Grove, Wright County, (Gunderson, Mast). NORTH DAKOTA - Galls appearing on various trees at Fargo May 15. (Piephorn)., MAN AND ANIMALS MOSQUITOES - MINNESOTA - Of 1,345 larval collections for May 12-18: Culiseta inornata in 551, Aedes vexans in 445, A, cinereus in 199, A. fitchii in llo. Culiseta inornata 48 (highest) of 195 adults in 16 traps. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). WISCONSIN - Biting relatively rare. A. sticticus emerged in Iowa County and many larvae of A, stimulans in Manitowoc County. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). SCREW-WORM (Cochliomyia hominivorax) - Total of 68 cases reported in U.S, May 19-25, 1968, as follows: TEXAS: Bee 5, Brewster 1, Brooks 5, Atascosa 1, Cameron 2, De Witt 4, Dimmit 2, Frio 2, Hidalgo 2, Jim Hogg 2, Karnes 1, Kenedy 1 Kleberg 1, Live Oak 1, La Salle 1, Maverick 1, Medina 10, Starr 5, San Patricio 1, Uvalde 4, Val Verde 1, Wilson 1, Zavala 1; ARIZONA: Cochise 1, Maricopa 2, Pima 3; CALIFORNIA: Imperial 6; NEW MEXICO: Grant 1; this is first positive case in State since November 8, 1966. Total of 89 cases reported in portion of Barrier Zone in Republic of Mexico as follows: Baja California 1, Territorio sur de Baja California 23, Sonora 28, Chihuahua 5, Coahuila 9, Nuevo Leon 7, Tamaulipas 16. Total of 15 cases reported in Mexico south of Barrier Zone, Barrier Zone is area where eradication operation underway to prevent establish- ment of self-sustaining population in U.S, Sterile screw-worm flies released: Texas 58,218,000; New Mexico 800,000; Arizona 1,620,000; California 1,480,000; Mexico 120, 110, 000, (Anim, Health Div. No HORN FLY (Haematobia irritans) - MISSISSIPPI - Moderate, 100-300 per head, on 50 cattle in Oktibbeha County. (Dinkins), MISSOURI - Light on 4 Boone County farms; averaged 138, 104, 61, and 148 per cow on 10 cows from each farm, Averaged 127 per cow on Randolph County farm, (Munson), ILLINOIS - Averages ranged 15-43 per animal in southern area. (111. Ins, Rpt.). WISCONSIN - Scarce throughout State, (Wis. Ins. Sur.). OHIO - First of season in mixed lot of Holsteins and Herefords in Guernsey County; about 5-15 per animal, (Rose). - 478 - Seay coe (Musca autumnalis) - WISCONSIN - Scarce throughout State. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). HOUSE FLY (Musca domestica) - NEW JERSEY - Commencing to accumulate in poultry houses and feed rooms. (ins.-Dis, Newsitr.). A BITING MIDGE (Culicoides sanguisuga) - VIRGINIA - Very annoying in Montgomery County woodland areas, (Humphreys, May 18). HOG LOUSE (Haematopinus suis) - NEW HAMPSHIRE - Infestation at North Conway May 13. (Sutherland). OKLAHOMA - Medium on Adair County swine. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). AMERICAN DOG TICK (Dermacentor variabilis) - CONNECTICUT - Unusually abundant in some parts of State. (Savos, May 22). WISCONSIN - Annoyance increasing in northern half of State as outdoor activities increase, @Wis. Ins. Sur.) HOUSEHOLDS AND STRUCTURES A WEEVIL (Pselactus spadix) - GEORGIA - Three adults in southern pine structural members of home at Atlanta, De Kalb County. Collected by J.W. Ridley February 22, 1968. Det. by R.E. Warner. This is a new State record. (Scott). A WEEVIL (Barypeithes pellucidus) - PENNSYLVANIA - Adults collected in home at Pittsburgh, Allegheny County, by E.J. Udine June 10, 1967. Det. by R,E, Warner. This is a new county record, (Gesell). ORIENTAL WOOD BORER (Heterobostrychus aequalis) - FLORIDA - Six larvae and 2 adults from oak floor in home at Miami, Dade County, May 17; some larvae in oak floor at another location in Miami May 20. (Simpson). FALSE CHINCH BUGS (Nysius spp.) - ARIZONA - Migrations continue in residential areas of Salt River Valley, Maricopa County; in progress at Tucson, Pima County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). CARPENTER ANTS - VERMONT - Reports more numerous than previous years. (MacCollom, May 20). WASHINGTON - Camponotus pennsylvanicus flights unusually heavy May 13-20 at Pullman, Whitman County.. (Telford). STORED PRODUCTS INDIAN-MEAL MOTH (Plodia interpunctella) - FLORIDA - Larvae and adults of this species and Sitophilus oryzae severe on 2,000 bushels of shelled corn in metal bin at Live Oak, Suwannee County. Det. by J, Strayer, (Strayer). BENEFICIAL INSECTS LADY BEETLES - WASHINGTON - Many Hippodamia convergens egg masses and young lar- vae feeding on tree-fruit aphids at Yakima, Yakima County. (Johnson). WYOMING - Lady beetle adults appeared on Laramie County alfalfa and wheat week ending May 24, Currently average 3 per 100 sweeps on alfalfa in Hot Springs, Washakie, and Big Horn Counties. (Parshall). UTAH - Five species common on pea aphid-infested alfalfa at Erda and Lakepoint, Tooele County, and at Magna and Granger, Salt Lake County. More numerous than previous 2 weeks. (Knowlton), ARIZONA - H. convergens averaged 40 per 100 sweeps on Maricopa County alfalfa. Scymnus spp. average 2 per corn plant in western Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). NEBRASKA - Lady beetles averaged 1 per sweep on alfalfa in Holt and Wayne Counties, (Raun). ARKANSAS - Adults light, 2-3 per 100 sweeps, on alfalfa in northwest area, (Boyer). = BQ) = DAMSEL BUGS - ARKANSAS - Nabis spp. most abundant of beneficial species in north- west area; 150-200 per 100 Sweeps in alfalfa. (Boyer). ARIZONA - Nabis ferus averaged 40 per 100 sweeps on Maricopa County alfalfa. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). WYOMING - Damsel bugs averaged 1 per 100 sweeps on alfalfa in Hot Springs, Washakie, and Big Horn Counties. (Parshall). GREEN LACEWINGS (Chrysopa spp.) - ARKANSAS - Adults and larvae on alfalfa in north- west area; larvae 15-20 per 100 sweeps. (Boyer). HETEROPTEROUS PREDATORS - ARIZONA - Average counts per 100 sweeps on alfalfa: Orius spp. 100 and Geocoris spp. 40 in Maricopa County (Ariz. Coop. Sur.); Zelus spp. 50 in Pinal County (Fitsimmons). A SYRPHID FLY (Syrphus sp.) - WASHINGTON - Larvae feeding on tree-fruit aphids at Yakima, Yakima County; some eggs noted. (Johnson). A PHYTOSEIID MITE (Typhlodromus occidentalis) - WASHINGTON - First-generation males May 9 on peach at Parker Heights, Yakima County. (Johnson). A BUMBLE BEE (Bombus appositus) - NEVADA - Collected 3 miles north of Minden, Douglas County, by R.C. Bechtel September 10, 1957. Det. by W.P. Stephen. This is a new State record. Collected in Elko County for new county record. (Bechtel). A BUMBLE BEE (Bombus centralis) - NEVADA - At 6,300 feet in Kingston Canyon, Lander County. Collected by R.C. Bechtel and R.W. Lauderdale April 21, 1959. Det. by W.P. Stephen. This is a new State record. Collected in White Pine County for new county record. (Bechtel). A BUMBLE BEE (Bombus occidentalis occidentalis) - NEVADA - At 7,500 feet in Lamoille Canyon, Elko County. Collected by R.C. Bechtel September 15, 1967. Det. by W.P. Stephen. This is a new State record. (Bechtel). FEDERAL AND STATE PLANT PROTECTION PROGRAMS BROWN-TAIL MOTH (Nygmia phaeorrhoea) - Survey completed in southern New England during April. Results negative except in known infested areas in Barnstable County, MASSACHUSETTS. Delimiting survey on Cape Cod revealed no extension of known infested area. NEW HAMPSHIRE - Survey completed in Belknap, Cheshire, Hillsboro, Merrimack, Rockingham, Strafford, and Sullivan Counties. Work con- tinues in Carroll County. Infestations found in 6 townships as follows: Hills- boro County 2, Merrimack County 2, Belknap County 1, Carroll County 1. All infes- tations very light. Total of 220 webs destroyed on 11 properties in State. MAINE - Small infestation found in Portland. This is extension of infestation at Falmouth which ranges light to heavy in small area along coastline north of Port- land. (PPC East. Reg.). CARIBBEAN FRUIT FLY (Anastrepha suspensa) - FLORIDA - Larvae severe on peaches in Indian River County (Roberson, Creamer); many other fruits infested (Fla. Coop. Sur.). CEREAL LEAF BEETLE (Oulema melanopus) - MICHIGAN - Three Anaphes flavipes females (a mymarid wasp) emerged April 21 from an O. melanopus egg collected in Allegan County April 15. Recovery site about 18 miles from nearest parasite release at Gull Lake and about 24 miles from release site near Schoolcraft. Mating observed between these females and laboratory-reared males; egg laying noted on additional O. melanopus eggs in laboratory. (PPC Cent. Reg.). Hatch presently delayed by cool weather in Berrien County. Eggs abundant, up to 10 per plant, on young oats; common in wheat. Hatch underway; heavy damage expected on oats within 2 weeks. (Ruppel, Gomulinski). INDIANA - Adults, eggs, and first instars heavy on oats in New Carlisle. (Porter). - 480 - CITRUS BLACKFLY (Aleurocanthus woglumi) - TEXAS - Intensive survey begun April 1 in Laredo, Webb County, and April 8 in Progesso and Weslaco areas of Hidalgo County in vicinity of previous infestation, Some incidental inspections made in Maverick, Dimmit, Zavala, Nueces, Aransas, and Cameron Counties, All surveys negative. (PPC South. Reg.). CUBAN MAY BEETLE (Phyllophaga bruneri) - FLORIDA - Adults taken in blacklight trap at Homestead, Dade County, May Tse (Wolfenbarger). This is a southern extension of known distribution. (Fla. Coop. Sur.). EUROPEAN CHAFER (Amphimallon majalis) - MASSACHUSETTS - Control operations resumed April 3 in Allston section of Boston, Total of 39 acres treated during month, (PPC East. Reg.). OHIO - Total of 207 acres soil-treated in Cleveland area during April. All work completed on known infested sites except small site along Lake Erie. (PPC Cent. Reg.). GRASS BUGS - UTAH - Labops hesperius averaged 50 per square foot in Kanab Creek and Blubber Creek areas; counts often 1,000+ in 1967. Averaged 1,000+ per square foot in bottom area of Sheep Creek Flats; lighter in higher areas (about same as in 1967). Lighter than last. year in East Fork area. Mostly mature, many mating. (Thornley et al.). Populations as high as 1,000+ per square foot in Alton area of Kane County and south; 50 per square foot in lighter areas. Most winged, mating common; many females gravid. Sprays applied to 2,000 acres May 16-18; results excellent. Ranchers report outbreak worst experienced, MIrbisSia spp. present in lower areas. Much growth stopped; planted grasses discolored when 2,5 inches tall. Most of sprayed area at 7,200 feet elevation. (Lindsay et al.). Irbisia sp. nymphs moderate on giant ryegrass in foothills west of Mendon, Cache County; some about full grown, (Knowlton). GRASSHOPPERS - MINNESOTA - Melanoplus spp. first to third instars, mostly M. packardii, less than one per square yard in Sherburne, Anoka, and Chisago A, Counties. Egg development in sandy soil very slow past 2 weeks. M. packardii eggs late segmented to fully formed and hatching. M. bivittatus eggs segmented to fully formed; hatching to begin soon. M, femurrubrum eggs in coagulation to eyespot stage. Egg predators light in all fields surveyed. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). NORTH DAKOTA - Hatch light in lighter soil areas in south-central area; up to 3 per square yard in Burleigh County, less than 1 in Morton and Sioux Counties. Eggs in Burleigh County 30 percent coagulated, 40 percent eyespot, 30 percent segmented, All M. differentialis eggs coagulated in Morton County; heavy, 10-12 per square foot, in Some road ditches. No hatch in Golden Valley or Dunn Counties. (Brandvik). SOUTH DAKOTA - Ageneotettix deorum first and second instars one per square yard on rangeland in Southwestern Custer County and north of Oglala, Shannon County; small M. bivittatus nymphs up to 5 per square yard in central and southwestern Fall River County. (Jones). WYOMING -. Hatch just beginning, First instars of Ageneotettix deorum, Trachyrhachys kiowa, and Melanoplus spp. on canal banks and wasteland areas of WaShakie County May 10. First instars of Opeia obscura, Cordillacris occipitalis, A. deorum, and T. kiowa active on Laramie County rangeland, (Parshall). General hatch of range Species delayed in Platte County. In Guernsey area nymphs ranged first to third instar; few adults present. (Pfadt). NEW MEXICO - Nymphs 10-60 per square yard on rangeland north and west of Roswell, Chaves County. (Judd). First and second instars 0-15 per 25 sweeps in alfalfa near Bosque Farms, Valencia County. (Heninger). CALIFORNIA - Adults of M. marginatus collected from saltgrass at Ducor, Tulare County, May 14; 5 weeks early Compared with other years. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). GYPSY MOTH (Porthetria dispar) - NEW YORK - Larvae reared in laboratory from eggs collected on yellow-poplar in New York County March 19 by V.A. Puglisi and on oak in Richmond County March 8 by W.J. Sitkiewicz. Det. by D.M. Wiseman. Rees are new county records and were referred to in CEIR 18(18):365. (PPC East. Reg.). - 481 - PINK BOLLWORM (Pectinophora gossypiella) - CALIFORNIA - Number of adults collected in traps through April by area: Coachella Valley 7, Palo Verde Valley 31, Bard Valley 5, and Imperial Valley 15. Most of 34,700 sterile moths received April 9-30 at Bakersfield released within cores of 4 drop zones. (PPC West. Reg.). Currently, adults continue to emerge in desert areas of Riverside and Imperial Counties. Cotton too small for larvae to show as yet. No moths recorded so far from San Joaquin Valley. Sterile moth drops being made as moths available, (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). RANGE CATERPILLAR (Hemileuca oliviae) - NEW MEXICO - Surveys made in treated areas of Colfax, Union, and Harding Counties; small infestation in Lincoln County reveals no egg clusters. Egg clusters found about 50 miles north of treated area along State line in vicinities of Folsom, New Mexico, and Branson, Colorado. (PPC West. Reg., Apr. Rpt.). WHITE-FRINGED BEETLES (Graphognathus spp.) - ALABAMA - Damage to corn, tomatoes, and peanuts reported in Houston County during April. (PPC South. Reg.). WHITE GARDEN SNAIL (Theba pisana) - CALIFORNIA - Second treatment of season com- pleted in Manhattan Beach, Los Angeles County; more than 30 city blocks with 500+ properties baited. Survey negative to date. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). WOOLLY WHITEFLY (Aleurothrixus floccosus) - CALIFORNIA - Contract treatment in San Diego, San Diego County, area terminated; more than 20,000 properties (1,275 city blocks) treated. Grid survey in progress in rural areas. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). HAWAII INSECT REPORT Turf, Pasture, Rangeland - Infestations of a GRASS WEBWORM (Herpetogramma licarsiSalis) Spreading. Larval and adult outbreaks moderate in pastures at ——————— Kapaa, Kukuiula, Kalaheo, and Wailua on Kauai, Larvae damaged 75-100 percent of 200+ acres of pasture at Halehaku, Maui; larvae and damage at Kipahulu heavy and more widespread than in March, (Sugawa et al.). larvae of a PYRAUSTID MOTH (Nomophila noctuella) medium to heavy, 8-12 per square foot, on Bermuda grass in hotel grounds at Kawaihae, Hawaii Island. (Yoshioka). Fruits - LARGE MANGO TIP BORER (Bombotelia jocosatrix) Surveys past 2 weeks indi- cate larvae and damage negligible to trace on mango foliage at Waimanalo, Ewa, Makaha, Honolulu, and Kahuku on Oahu, (Funasaki). Beneficial Insects - Adults of a KLAMATH-WEED BEETLE (Chrysolina quadrigemina) reappearing on Klamath-weed on Mt. Hualalai, Hawaii Island, at 6,700 foot eleva- tion, after long period of inactivity. (Yoshioka). Many adults of a SCIOMYZID FLY (Sepedon sauteri) in taro patches at Wainiha indicate establishment on Kauai, Last release of 1,000 adults January 18, 1968, in Hanalei Valley, about 3 miles away. (Sugawa, Kim). Miscellaneous Insects - THREE-LINED POTATO BEETLE (Lema trilineata) larvae heavy, as many aS 10 per leaf, defoliated young castorbeans at Puako, Hawaii Island. (Yoshioka) . Por €T 9S LT Teyuowuortaug Aq pattddns Aacewung) Io SOIT wore adiel V -B00T May Be Ye TAYSTY TIO (NOT payovor saanjzeroduaL 86S OPT AN bL (‘VSSH ‘oa0TAdtag eyed *AeWN ut AT ava vOUTS Yaa YSaTOOD Atay sdutaq Sty} ‘¥9aM SnoTAaerd ay} UeYY TaTOOD jp OF .Z paseataae etueaztAsuusg ‘4Seq oy} Ul *gsuturow Aepseny, sesuey uateyseeyzaou se yyNOS Aey sv patanooo sounzpesaduay DuTzZaar1j *[ewrou uey} TaTood (ZT 0} .9 poesdesteae SuTeTd }¥eID Tet}UI. JY} UT “Aep yey} uo GOT Suttojystdeq ‘sexay ‘afayong yytm Aepsany, uo suoty *[Teurou ueyy atowrem ATIYSTTS azaM YOTYM OOTXAN MON UtoySeayZNOS pue Sexe] utayyNos aatam SuOT}d|a0xe uTeW aUuL ‘UOTZEN OaT]US 94} YSOUWTe TAAO TeWITOU MOTAaq padeatoae sounqetoduaL, +TUuNLVUAdWAL ‘O09p Oded worz ponutyuod yoom oy} FO AAYPVOM GG LT Té iE Il Ot A 6€ Td 1d Td Td TAZ 68-€S SNOILD31105 dval IZ-61/S atuBeWOozZeEN Z2-91/G UOSTpeEN NISNOOSIAM PS-81/G OOM SVX@L €Z/91/G 132}SO0OM @c-91/G PIETTITH OIHO GE-91L/G PAOID ATed Tunoss IW PS-BT/S ATTFAeU0RS Idd ISSISSIW IS-ST/S ATT TAarzUaD ANVTAUVN 1Z/G wep zeYModG 1z/g uezpeuueN SVSNVH 61/S aTITAsouteD valuola ZZ-91/G OSTEM ZZ-91/S 2doH SVSNVHUV 1HOI1 1GA 0001, EPT ENTOM > [a4 a VOL. 18 No. 23 June 7, 1968 =O ifs . Ti, nM. Cooperative ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT Issued by PLANT PEST CONTROL DIVISION AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE PLANT PEST CONTROL DIVISION SURVEY AND DETECTION OPERATIONS The Cooperative Economic Insect Report is issued weekly as a service to American Agriculture. Its contents are compiled from information supplied by cooperating State, Federal, and industrial entomologists and other agricultural workers. In releasing this material the Division serves as a clearing house and does not assume responsibility for ac- curacy of the material. All reports and inquiries pertaining to this release, including the mailing list, should be sent to: Survey and Detection Operations Plant Pest Control Division Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Federal Center Building Hyattsville, Maryland 20782 Volume 18 June 7, 1968 Number 23 COOPERATIVE ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT HIGHLIGHTS Current Conditions ARMYWORM damage continues in small grains in northwest Tennessee. (p. 485). First CORN EARWORM moth of Season in Portageville, Missouri. GREENBUG serious on sorghum in southeast Nebraska. POTATO LEAFHOPPER heavier than normal on alfalfa in Illinois. (p. 485). EUROPEAN CORN BORER larvae heavy in Autauga County, Alabama (p. 486). ENGLISH GRAIN APHID increased in Indiana, Illinois, and Wisconsin.(p. 487). ALFALFA WEEVIL now statewide in Illinois; larvae heavier than in past several years in Arkansas Valley, Colorado, (p. 488). LESSER CLOVER LEAF WEEVIL heavy in central and northwestern Mississippi. (p. 489). BEET ARMYWORM damaging alfalfa and cotton in Texas High Plains area. (pp. 490, 492). BOLL WEEVIL heavy in several counties of Alabama. (p. 491). COLORADO POTATO BEETLE more numerous than in 1967 on Eastern Shore of Virginia; heavy on tomatoes in Spalding County, Georgia. (p. 493). PECAN LEAF PHYLLOXERA heavy on pecans in areas of Oklahoma and Alabama. (p. 496). SPRUCE GALL APHIDS very heavy in many areas of Vermont. (p. 499). HORN FLY heavy in Yazoo County, Mississippi. NORTHERN FOWL MITE very heavy in northwest Arkansas. (p. 501). GRASS BUG damage severe on 1,000 acres in Elmore County, Idaho. Large infesta- tions of GRASSHOPPERS developing in Several areas of California. (p. 502). WHITE-FRINGED BEETLES damaging peanuts and cotton in Geneva County, Alabama. (p. 503). Detection New State records include a LEAFHOPPER and a DELPHACID PLANTHOPPER in New Jersey (p. 497), a SPIDER MITE in Missouri (p. 498), and ASIATIC OAK WEEVIL in Alabama (p. 501). For new county records see page 497. Predictions SEED-CORN MAGGOT numbers expected to be heavy on tomato transplants and melons in Michigan. (p. 493, 495). CABBAGE MAGGOT threat most serious in years in Ohio. (p. 494). Special Reports Light Weight Battery For Use with Blacklight Trap. (p. 505). @ Detection Reminder - Look For These Apple Pests. (p. 506). Reports in this issue are for week ending May 31 unless otherwise indicated. = 483 - - 484 - CONTENTS Special Insects of Regional Significance............-.2-+--eeeeeseeeee Oo0o00000 485 Insects Affecting Corn, Sorghum, Sugarcane.,......... 486 COMES GreOQMS co ooo coon DOC Ob eodD OO ODOC 494 SMAI Crain's oo00000000000000000000 487 CGUCURIDITES o600000000000000 Go 0000000 495 Turf, Pastures, Rangeland......... -487 General Vegetables...... 5oo0000 00 OFS Forage Legumes........ A500000000 ...488 Deciduous Fruits and Nuts......... 495 Soybeans...... 500000000 660000000000 490 CiEMUS oc ocooOaoDODDAOOOOOOOODOU ODDS 498 PEAMIMNEScaocon Do OUODDDODO ODDO OD00000 491 Other Trop. & Subtrone IPTEWELIS 4.6.6.0 0 498 COBUEOM>s oo oo ccC DDO ODO OOD OO DOD ODDO ODN 491 Small. Fruvts..).6.cec.3 sicic ee casino 498 TWOLIACEOs 660000005000 01000 Bi cabkerceocsnkoaaio 492 Ornamentals....... 51:0 ..00-0'010 0 bo 0000 498 SUPA IOOUS ooooomsdoodbdaooeooUODObO 493 Forest and Shade Trees. CD00 0000 498 Potatoes, Tomatoes, Peppers........493 Man and Animals..... Bod o1a36.0'00 6 -.-000 Beans and Peas...... C00 0000 010000000 494 Households and Structures.........501 MSEC IDSESCSHLOM6 566000000 00:0 0'0: 010 6:010:0 0'0'0100.01016 0.9'0.0.0,0/0°0:0'0,0'0' 0.00100 Sono UUDIOD COO OOCC 497 CORMOGENMOMS 550000000 00000000 SED000D0D0D00 0000000 oo 00000000000000 bODDODDDODDDOD 497 SMNSHe OSL IMSECwWS 5 5.000000 00000 DO000000100000000000 900000000 GoGuo00D00O0N OO0000 501 Federal and State Plant Protection Programs......... oo00gdK0000008 0.00'00-0-00.000.0 502 Hawaii Insect Report... .. BiOROROL ONES OFOSOr OPOH OR Orb OLE sOSCL HON ONEO SO DUG OGODOC000O06000000000 503 iualainte GAO) COlLGOENMOMS os ooo 60 00O DDD UDC O GOOD OD OOOO DOO OOO Sanodc0O ooo K OUD ODO OOOO om Light Weight Battery For Use With Blacklight IETEEND0-0-0.0.0-0°0 SoOO00D0 OOOO TIOD 000000 2005 Look For These Apple Pests...... Rotel eh clicbencretener eereretetete OO1O.000000000 g00000 KoooDodo0C 506 WEATHER OF THE WEEK ENDING JUNE 3 HIGHLIGHTS: The past week was generally sunny and warm over the West and cool and stormy over much of the East. PRECIPITATION: Early in the week, the weather over the eastern half of the Nation was characterized by widespread early morning rain, drizzle, and fog with afternoon thunderstorms. Copious downpours hit Florida's east coast and heavy soaking rains fell from Pennsylvania to New Jersey and southern New England. Seven-inch falls in northern New Jersey, most of it occurring in 12 hours, sent the Passaic and Ramapo Rivers rampaging. By midweek, showers and thunderstorms were scattered from the northern Rockies to the southern Great Plains and from the Midwest to New England. Widespread flooding occurred in southern Ohio-- the second time in 5 days. The Red Cross reported 3 deaths and 3,000 persons driven from their homes by the flooding waters. Property damage is expected to reach $9 million in Ohio alone. Throughout the week, turbulent thunderstorms occurred at scattered locations from the Rocky Mountains to the Atlantic coast. Some of the thunderstorms in the Tornado Belt were accompanied by large hail and damaging winds. A number of tornadoes occurred but damage was not extensive. Monday, June 3, Hurricane Abby was moving northeastward toward Florida's west coast and threatening to cause local flooding along its path as it entered the peninsula. Coastal portions of Washington received 2 to 4 inches of rain during the week with a few light, scattered showers in nearby portions of neighboring States. No important rains fell in southern Idaho, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, western New Mexico, and in California except in the northern mountains. TEMPERATURE: In general, temperatures averaged above normal over the western half of the United States and below normal over the eastern half. Much of the Great Basin averaged 6 to 8° above normal and a large area from the Ohio River to the Atlantic Coastal Plains averaged 6 to 9° cooler than normal. Temperatures in the Far Southwest exceeded 100° on most days. Maximums at Needles, California, averaged 109°. In contrast, it was the fifth cool week in New York and the sixth cool week in Pennsylvania. Warming occurred in the Great Plains during the week. By Sunday afternoon, temperatures in the 80's and 90's were common from Montana and the Dakotas to the Rio Grande. (Summary supplied by Environmental Data Service, ESSA.) For 30-Day Outlook see page 504. = 485 - SPECIAL INSECTS OF REGIONAL SIGNIFICANCE ARMYWORM (Pseudaletia unipuncta) - MARYLAND - Negative in central area. Generally light on Eastern Shore; isolated larvae in wheat. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). OHIO - Hatch begun in Wayne County May 26. (Rings). INDIANA - Adult counts in black- light traps May 22-28 by district: Southwest (Johnson) 210; south-central (Bedford) 252, southeast (Butlerville) 27; central (New Augusta) 98; east-central (Farmland) 197. (Huber). MICHIGAN - Increasing; 155 moths in 3 nights in Lenawee County blacklight traps. (Janes, May 28). ILLINOIS - Remained light in small grains; may be light in 1968. Larvae 0.5-1 inch long in central and south- central sections. Highest counts in thick, rank, lodged spots, averaged 1 per row foot. (Ins. Sur. Bull). Averaged per row foot on wheat by district; East - 0; east-southeast - 0.5, west-southwest - 0.4, central - 0.6. (Sturgeon). TENNESSEE - Damage continues in small grains in northwestern counties. (Bruer). MISSOURI - First instar to half-grown larvae light to moderate, O-8 per square foot, in wheat with heavy growth in central area. (Munson). ARMY CUTWORM (Chorizagrotis auxiliaris) - IDAHO - Third instars up to 25 per crown in 40 to 50-acre area of alfalfa seed field at Blackfoot, Bingham County, May 21. (Garner, Weston). WYOMING - One-half to one inch larvae averaged 15 per square foot in 15-acre alfalfa field in Laramie County; plant growth retarded. (Parshall). MINNESOTA - Probably this species light, less than 1 per square foot, in alfalfa in Chisago County. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). ASTER LEAFHOPPER (Macrosteles fascifrons) - MINNESOTA - Unchanged, 30 per 100 sweeps, in small grains in east-central and central districts. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). CORN EARWORM (Heliothis zea) - SOUTH CAROLINA - Spraying of corn by 2 growers in Dillon County planned for June 1 or 3. (Moody). GEORGIA - Moderate in whorls of corn in Berrien County. (Wood, French, May 24). ALABAMA - Larvae very light in whorls of pretassel corn in Autauga County. (Dismukes et al.). MISSOURI - First moth of season at Portageville light trap May 22. (Harrendorf). GREENBUG (Schizaphis graminum) - NEBRASKA - Damage to sorghum continues in south- east area; heaviest in early planted fields. Predators light; many fields re- planted. Up to 45 per plant infested 0-98 percent of plants. Economic in Otoe, Cass, Lancaster, Gage, Saline, Johnson, Nemaha, and Jefferson Counties. (Keith, Roselle). Low in wheat. Ranged 15-75 (averaged 40) per 50 sweeps on wheat in Lancaster, Otoe, Cass, Johnson, and Saline Counties. (Keith, Jansen). MINNESOTA - Generally light and noneconomic in east-central and central districts. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). PAINTED LADY (Vanessa cardui) - WYOMING - Large flights moving north across Platte, Goshen, and Laramie Counties May 28-29. (Parshall). NEBRASKA - Larvae abundant on musk thistle in Southeast area. (Keith). POTATO LEAFHOPPER (Empoasca fabae) - VIRGINIA - Adults 90 per 100 sweeps on birds- foot trefoil in Montgomery County. (Pienkowski). OHIO - Ranged 0-16 per 10 sweeps on west-central area alfalfa. (Rose). MICHIGAN - First adults on alfalfa May 22-23. (Newman). ILLINOIS - Remained light on alfalfa; counts per 100 sweeps averaged 173 in west-southwest district and 300 in east district. (Sturgeon). Heavier than normal on alfalfa; damage could be more pronounced this year. (Ins. Sur. Bull.). POTATO PSYLLID (Paratrioza cockerelli) - COLORADO - Ranged O-3 per 100 sweeps; development very Slow On matrimony vine. Adults 100 per 100 sweeps and eggs 0-4 per leaf. No nymphs found. (Schweissing). Adults 10-30 per 100 sweeps and eggs 0-3 per leaf on Lycium in Fort Lupton, Platteville, and Gilcrest area, Weld County. Moving into potatoes; eggs on 14 percent of plants. No nymphs found. (Johnson). WYOMING - None found on potato cull piles or matrimony vine at Torrington, Goshen County. (Parshall). - 486 - SPOTTED ALFALFA APHID (Therioaphis maculata) - NEW MEXICO - Counts of 5-15 per 30 trifoliate leaves in alfalfa in Roswell area, Chaves County. (Mathews). NEBRASKA - Light on Dawson County alfalfa; none detected in Harlan County. (Manglitz). TOMATO HORNWORM (Manduca quinquemaculata) - TEXAS - Infested some cotton in Mitchell County. (Lemons) . CORN, SORGHUM, SUGARCANE EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) - NEW YORK - Moth emergence from stalks on ground at Poughkeepsie May 26. No moths in caged upright stalks or in weeds along fence rows. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt.). NEW JERSEY - Several males in Middlesex County field of sweet corn May 25; egg laying and moth activity expected to in- crease with favorable temperatures. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). DELAWARE - Adults averaged 3 per night in blacklight trap collections in Sussex County. (Burbutis). MARYLAND - Adult activity light at Centreville, Queen Annes County, due to un- favorable weather; averaged 2 per night at blacklight trap. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). ALABAMA - First-generation first instars heavy in large field of pretassel corn in Autauga County. Some feeding in whorls and stalks of few plants; predators very heavy. (Dismukes et al.). OHIO - Pupation begun May 28 in Wayne County (Barry); probably in progress statewide (Rose). ILLINOIS - Moth emergence 75 percent in southern section; pupation about complete in central section and 35 percent in northern section. First-generation damage most probable in few fields in west- central, west, and west-southwest areas where overwintering populations highest. (Ins. Sur. Bull.). WISCONSIN - Few adults in Dane County blacklight traps. Largest corn 6 inches. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MINNESOTA - No pupation of overwintering larvae in east-central and central districts. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). NEBRASKA - Spring surveys completed. Larvae averaged 510 per acre in Cuming County; 30 per- cent pupated by May 21-24. Averaged 477 per acre in Hall County; 10 percent pupated by May 16-17. Spring populations third lowest for Cuming County and second lowest for Hall County in 12 years. (Hill, Keith). KANSAS - First 2 adults of season in blacklight trap in Manhattan, Riley County, May 28. (Simpson). SOUTHWESTERN CORN BORER (Diatraea grandiosella) - ARIZONA - Damage moderate to treated corn at Maricopa, Pinal County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). TEXAS - Light on corn near Harlingen. (Texas Coop. Rpt.). LESSER CORNSTALK BORER (Elasmopalpus lignosellus) - ALABAMA - Medium and localized on young corn in field planted to Bahia graSS in 1967 in Houston County; much damage. Some pupation occurring. (Roney). BLACK CUTWORM (Agrotis ipsilon) - IOWA - Small larvae damaged corn in Woodbury, Plymouth, and Sioux Counties. (Mast). ILLINOIS - Appearing in few scattered fields; recent wet weather should favor development. (Ins. Sur. Bull.). CUTWORMS - WISCONSIN - Complex dominates sandy soils in central area; mostly Spaelotis clandestina. Migrated into oats and stripped new legume seedings in Adams County; damage ranged trace to 50 percent in corn seedlings. Defoliated vegetables and ornamentals. Some treatment made, principally along margins, in severe cases. Most plants will recover provided moisture coefficient does not diminish as usual. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). NEVADA - Euxoa messoria and E. detersa damaged corn in Antelope County. (Pruess). Damaging in Stanton County. (Bstandig). STALK BORER (Papaipema nebris) - KANSAS - Some larvae taken from weeds bordering cornfield in Geary County. (Simpson). BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) - ARIZONA - Ranged 2-5 per corn plant in Kansas Settlement area, Cochise County. (Kozloski). - 487 - CORN FLEA BEETLE (Chaetocnema pulicaria) - DELAWARE - Adults on corn in Sussex County; injury light. (Burbutis). MARYLAND - Very active in corn in State. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). SOUTHERN CORN ROOTWORM (Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi) - ALABAMA - Caused loss of young corn in several RuSSell County fields. (Woods, May 24). SEED-CORN BEETLE (Agonoderus lecontei) - MINNESOTA - Present in corn in east- central and central districts; very few feeding on planted corn seed. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). SUGAR-BEET WIREWORM (Limonius californicus) - IDAHO - Up to 5 per row foot in corn- field at Twin Falls, Twin Falls County, May 23. (Evans, Gault). SEED-CORN MAGGOT (Hylemya platura) - NEW JERSEY - Total of 1,460 taken on 6 sticky- board traps May 13-27 at Cedarville. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). THRIPS - MARYLAND - Damage ranged 10-100 percent in corn stands in Dorchester, Wicomico, Worcester, and Carolina Counties; all plants damaged in 25-acre field near Salisbury. Adults 1-7 per plant. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). GRAY GARDEN SLUG (Deroceras reticulatum) - OREGON - Juveniles, mostly this Species, active in vegetable plantings throughout Willamette Valley; favored by wet weather. Damage severe to corn at Salem. (Crowell). SMALL GRAINS ENGLISH GRAIN APHID (Macrosiphum avenae) - INDIANA - Increased to 400-2,500 per 100 sweeps on wheat and oats in northern districts. (Huber). ILLINOIS - Increased in wheat, particularly in west-southwest and southwest areas; up to 20 per head. (Ins. Sur. Bull.). WISCONSIN - Increased on oats in Dane County; colonies averaged 5 per plant and 30 per row foot in one field in western area. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MINNESOTA - Generally light and noneconomic in east-central and central districts. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). NEBRASKA - Counts per 50 sweeps ranged 20-225 (averaged 75) on wheat in Lancaster, Otoe, Cass, Johnson, and Saline Counties and averaged 45 on oats in Cass and Otoe Counties. (Keith). PALE WESTERN CUTWORM (Agrotis orthogonia) - WYOMING - Larvae damaged edges of winter wheat strips near Dwyar, Platte County; 13 percent of wheat destroyed. One-half to one inch larvae ranged 6-10 (average 8) per square foot. Controls effective. (Pfadt). KANSAS - Few full-grown larvae and pupae on wheat in Meade and Seward Counties; very little feeding. Damage to crops following wheat unlikely in area. (Gates). CUTWORMS - WISCONSIN - See complex in Corn, Sorghum, Sugarcane section. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). BROWN WHEAT MITE (Petrobia latens) - WYOMING - Adults and nymphs averaged 5-40 per row foot in winter wheat in Platte and Laramie Counties. (Parshall). UTAH - Moderate on wheat and rye at Lakepoint, Tooele County. (Knowlton). TURF, PASTURES, RANGELAND TWO-LINED SPITTLEBUG (Prosapia bicincta) - FLORIDA - Nymphs numerous in clumps of Vasey grass; averaged 4 per Square foot on Pangola grass at Range Cattle Exper- iment Station in Hardee County. Det. by E.B. Fagan. (Fagan, May 24). TEXAS - Damage Serious to centipede grass lawn in Tyler, Smith County. (Browning). - 488 - A MACROVELIID BUG (Macrovelia hornii) - CALIFORNIA - Heavy in dry pastures in El Dorado Hills, El Dorado County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). WHITE GRUBS (Phyllophaga spp.) - NORTH DAKOTA - Larvae heavy; damaged pasture near Forman, Sargent County. (McBride). SOD WEBWORMS (Crambus spp.) - COLORADO - Adult emergence abundant on lawns in Palisade, Mesa County. (Sisson). FORAGE LEGUMES ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - VERMONT - Adults averaged 3 per 10 sweeps and egg masses 2-3 per 10 stems; no appreciable hatch as of May 24. Adults and egg masses decreased due to early controls compared with untreated fields; may be severe in previous problem areas of State. (MacCollom). RHODE ISLAND - Egg laying at Johnston, Providence County, May 23. (King). MASSACHUSETTS - Average counts per 100 sweeps in 4 fields by county: Berkshire - adults 34, larvae 46, larval terminal damage in all fields; Hampshire - adults 25, larvae 126. (Shaw, May 25). NEW YORK - First instars in alfalfa tips; egg masses on stems. Egg laying delayed by cool weather; most egg laying expected with warm weather in Livingston County. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt., May 27). NEW JERSEY - Larvae ranged 35-1,160 (average 535) per 100 sweeps May 27 in central and southern counties; controls applied to 3 fields. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). OHIO - Damage limited due to generally low temperatures and abundant rain May 16-29 in west-central and southwestern counties. Larvae 1-10 per. sweep in Union, Champaign, Darke, Preble, and Clinton Counties; foliar damage ranged up to 20 percent with many fields below 10 percent. (Rose). Damaging in Wayne, Medina, and Ashland Counties; controls prevented due to unfavorable weather. Larval damage increased during wet periods. Aerial spraying in progress; frequent rains reduced effectiveness of controls. Larvae up to 20 per sweep damaged 10-100 (average 60) percent of foliage. (Glass, Coe). Damage increased sharply May 17-18 after slow start in Marion County. Aerial spraying begun May 21. (Parrott). Damage light in Van Wert County; some controls applied. (Holtkamp). INDIANA - Percent infestation and (percent damage) by district: Northwest - 30-50 (5-15); north-central - 25-30 (5-10) in St. Joseph and Elkhart Counties and 40-80 (50-75) from central and southern Marshall and Kosciusko Counties southward; northeast-15-30 (5-10) in northern counties and 50-100 (30-80) from U.S. Highway 30 south to State Highway 18. Most feeding damage light; damage light to moderate in southern area of northeast district. Infesta- tions heaviest in 1 and 2-year-old alfalfa throughout northern areas. (Huber). MICHIGAN - Adults and larvae in all surveyed alfalfa in Wayne, Washtenaw, Macomb, and Ottawa Counties. First instars moderate in most southern alfalfa May 27. (Newman et al.). Ottawa County new county record. (PPC). Larvae in Lenawee, Monroe, Berrien, Cass, and St. Joseph Counties; heaviest in first 2 counties. (Ruppel, May 27). ILLINOIS - Average per 100 sweeps by district: Central - 200 larvae, no adults (12 percent tip injury); east - 1,200 larvae, 20 adults; west- southwest - 1,275 larvae, 10 adults. Collected in Jo Daviess, Ogle, Winnebago, and Stephenson Counties for new county records. H. postica statewide. (Sturgeon). Decreasing due to pupation, parasites, and less egg laying by overwintering adults. Peak period of damage over. (Ins. Sur. Bull.). MISSOURI - Larvae very light, 0-3 per 10 sweeps, in central area; adults present. Adults and larvae collected in Carroll and Chariton Counties for new county records. (Munson). SOUTH DAKOTA - Egg laying begun in alfalfa near Spearfish, Lawrence County. Adults per 100 sweeps ranged 7-64 (average 30) in fields planted to alfalfa for several years and 22-28 (average 25) in field seeded 2 years ago. Second instars light, up to 12 per 100 sweeps, in same fields. Alfalfa growth 3-8 (average 6) inches. (Jones). NEBRASKA - One larva collected in 450 sweeps in western Harlan County for a new county record. Average counts per 100 sweeps in Dawson County: Adults 2, larvae 35 in one field; adults 2.6, larvae 6.5 in 6 fields in Gothenburg and Cozad area; adults 0.5, larvae 1.5 in 6 fields in Lexington and Overton area. (Manglitz). COLORADO - Larvae heavier than in past Several years in Arkansas Valley; damage in numerous fields. Light east of Las Animas into Prowers County; 0-2,000 per 100 = 489 - per 100 sweeps. Increasing in Weld, Morgan, Larimer, and Boulder Counties; adults 10-120 and larvae 40-150 per 100 sweeps. (Schweissing, Johnson). WYOMING - Larvae beginning to appear in alfalfa in southeastern area. Average per 100 sweeps by county: Platte - adults 54 and larvae 4; Goshen - adults 4 and larvae 2; Laramie - adults 2 and larvae 1. Alfalfa growth 14-18 inches in Platte and Goshen Counties and 8-10 inches in Laramie County. (Parshall). IDAHO - Adults averaged 3 per 25 sweeps at Westmond, Bonner County, May 24. (Barr). Larval terminal damage 50-75 percent in 40-acre field at Grandview, Owyhee County; controls expected in many other fields within 7 days. (Homan). UTAH - Damage conspicuous at Lakepoint; larvae 300-2,500 and adults 4-13 per 10 sweeps. Lighter in Erda and Tooele, Tooele County. Adults 0-4 and larvae 3-15 per 10 sweeps at Magna and Granger. (Knowlton). NEVADA - Damage increased rapidly in Churchill, Lyon, and Pershing Counties due to favorable temperatures; controls in progress. (Nev. Coop. Rpt.). NEW MEXICO - Very heavy in many fields in Espanola area of Rio Arriba and Santa Fe Counties. (Trujillo). Adults 0-4 and larvae 600-1,600+ per 25 sweeps in Aztec and Farmington area, San Juan County; damage widespread and heavy. (Heninger). CLOVER LEAF WEEVIL (Hypera punctata) - NEW MEXICO - Single adult collected in alfalfa field near Roswell, Chaves County, September 22, 1967, by L. Mathews. Det. by R.E. Warner. This iS a new county record. (Mathews). OKLAHOMA - Averaged less than 1 per 10 sweeps in alfalfa in Major, Kingfisher, and Oklahoma Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). WISCONSIN - Mostly last instars; pupation should ‘begin soon. Numbers not heavy in 1968. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). LESSER CLOVER LEAF WEEVIL (Hypera nigrirostris) - MISSOURI - Larvae heavy in red clover in central and northwest areas; 14-68 percent of heads infested or pre- viously infested in 4 fields in central area. Adults emerging in area. (Munson). NEBRASKA - Adults light, 6 per 60 sweeps, on red clover in Cass and Otoe Counties. (Keith). SPOTTED CUCUMBER BEETLE (Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi) - OKLAHOMA - Ranged 1-3 per 10 sweeps in 25.alfalfa fields in central and northwest areas; heavy in gardens in Pontotoc County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). BEAN LEAF BEETLE (Cerotoma trifurcata) - NEBRASKA - Averaged 2 per 20 sweeps in Johnson County alfalfa field. (Keith). PEA APHID (Acyrthosiphon pisum) - VIRGINIA - Averaged 100 per 100 sweeps in 20- acre alfalfa field in Nottoway County. (Allen). OHIO - Ranged 10-350 (average 126) per 10 sweeps; first indication of past due increase. (Rose). INDIANA - Ranged 18-92 per sweep on northern district alfalfa. (Huber). MICHIGAN - Increasing steadily on alfalfa; lady beetles effective. (Newman, May 25). ILLINOIS - Averaged 150 per sweep on Adams County red clover. (Sturgeon). WISCONSIN - Counts of 200+ per sweep compared with 130 per sweep previous period in field near Mazomanie. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). IOWA - Averaged 40 per 10 sweeps on west-central area alfalfa. (Mast). NEBRASKA - Decreasing in east and south- east areas as predators and parasites increasing. Ranged 65-750 (averaged 250) per 20 sweeps on alfalfa and red clover in Cass, Otoe, Johnson, and Saline Counties. (Keith). Moderately heavy, up to 750 per 10 sweeps, in Harlan County; parasites increasing. Light in Frontier County and ranged up to 650 per 10 sweeps in eastern Dawson County. (Manglitz). KANSAS - Ranged 5-15 per 10 sweeps on alfalfa in Clay, Geary, Morris, and Dickinson Counties. (Simpson). OKLAHOMA - Ranged 5-20 per 10 sweeps in 25 alfalfa fields in Oklahoma, Kingfisher, and Major Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). NEW MEXICO - Adults and nymphs mostly light, 25-60 per 25 sweeps, in San Juan County alfalfa. (Heninger). COLORADO - Variable, 5,000 per 100 sweeps, in Pueblo, Crowley, Otero, Bent, and Prowers Counties; heaviest in Crowley and Otero Counties. No damage evident. Ranged 250-3,000 per 100 sweeps in Weld, Larimer, Boulder, and Morgan Counties. Lady beetles, damsel bugs, and ambush bugs numerous in many fields. (Schweissing, Johnson). WYOMING - Adults and nymphs ranged 10-110 per 100 sweeps in alfalfa in Platte, Goshen, and Laramie Counties. (Parshall). UTAH - Counts per 10 sweeps in alfalfa ranged 50- 600 at Lakepoint and 10-350 in Erda and Tooele in Tooele County. (Knowlton). - 490 - MEADOW SPITTLEBUG (Philaenus spumarius) - VIRGINIA - Adults 15 per 100 sweeps in Nottoway County alfalfa field. (Allen). OHIO - Ranged 6-81 per 10 sweeps (average 28). (Rose). INDIANA - Unusually abundant on northern district alfalfa and clover; nymphs 1-4 per spittle mass and spittle masses 1-3 per stem on 20-40 percent of alfalfa and clover checked. (Huber). ILLINOIS - Spittle masses heavy; some controls may be necessary. Heaviest in new clover and alfalfa seedings in northern and western sections. (Ins. Sur. Bull.). WISCONSIN - Mostly fourth instars in southern counties; evident in Fond du Lac County. Variable state- wide; lighter than in 1967 in Richland County. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). LYGUS BUGS (Lygus spp.) - ARIZONA - Averaged 75 per 100 sweeps on Cochise County alfalfa. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). UTAH - Adults 2-7 and nymphs 1-15 per 10 sweeps on Tooele and Salt Lake County alfalfa. (Knowlton). NEW MEXICO - Adult and nymphal counts per 25 sweeps ranged 20-30 in Chaves County alfalfa (Mathews) and 3-5 in Aztec and Farmington area, San Juan County (Heninger). COLORADO - Counts per 100 sweeps ranged 0-800 (mostly nymphs) throughout southeastern area and 50-150 in northeastern area. (Schweissing, Johnson). WYOMING - Adults averaged 35 per 100 sweeps in alfalfa in Platte, Goshen, and Laramie Counties. (Parshall). NEBRASKA - Light, averaged 4 per 20 sweeps, on alfalfa and red clover in Cass and Otoe Counties. (Keith). KANSAS - Ranged 4-10 per 10 sweeps on alfalfa in Geary, Morris, and Clay Counties. (Simpson). TARNISHED PLANT BUG (Lygus lineolaris) - NEW MEXICO - Adults 1-3 per 25 sweeps in Chaves County alfalfa. (Mathews). OKLAHOMA - Ranged 1-3 per 10 sweeps in alfalfa in Oklahoma, Kingfisher, and Major Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). MISSOURI - Moderate to heavy, 5-61 per 10 sweeps, in alfalfa and red clover in central area; 50 percent nymphs. Heavy in red clover. (Munson). IOWA - Averaged 5 per 10 Sweeps on west-central area alfalfa. (Mast). PLANT BUGS (Adelphocoris spp.) - NEBRASKA - Ranged 6-24 per 20 sweeps on alfalfa in Cass, Johnson, and Saline Counties. (Keith, Jansen). MINNESOTA - Hatch of A. rapidus and A. lineolatus increased in east-central and central districts; 500+ per 100 sweeps in many alfalfa fields. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). ALFALFA CATERPILLAR (Colias eurytheme) - OREGON - Young larvae found May 24 out- side of Klamath Falls, Klamath County. (Dickason, Every). NEW MEXICO - Larvae 2-5 per 25 sweeps in alfalfa in Farmington and Aztec area, San Juan County. (Heninger). OKLAHOMA - Averaged 2 per 10 sweeps in alfalfa field in Kingfisher County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). NEBRASKA - Light, 2 per 20 sweeps, on alfalfa and red clover in Cass, Otoe, Johnson, and Saline Counties. (Keith, Jansen). VARIEGATED CUTWORM (Peridroma saucia) - OKLAHOMA - Larval survey negative in 25 alfalfa fields in Oklahoma, Kingfisher, and Major Counties; no damage seen. Damage heavy to isolated alfalfa fields in Pontotoc and Washita Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). ARKANSAS - Present in alfalfa in northwest area; full-grown larvae 4-6 per square foot in research plots. (Offut). BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) - TEXAS - Very heavy with damage to alfalfa near Jayton, Kent County; completely destroyed one young alfalfa field. (Geeslin). ARIZONA - Increased to 50 per 100 sweeps on Maricopa County alfalfa; decreased to 10 per 100 sweeps in Cochise County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). BROWN WHEAT MITE (Petrobia latens) - COLORADO - Very heavy in some Crowley and Otero County alfalfa; present in Prowers County. (Schweissing) . SOYBEANS MEXICAN BEAN BEETLE (Epilachna varivestis) - VIRGINIA - Adults numerous, up to 20 per 100 row feet, on soybeans in Soybean belt. (Allen). SOUTH CAROLINA - Adults ranged 0-34 per 9 feet of row in Carolina Community, Dillon County; found in every field surveyed. Soybeans planted from late April to May 10; currently average 5 inches high. One grower with 3,000 acres of soybeans in area plans to spray by > ails June 12. Soybeans major crop in Dillon County for past 3 years; this, plus heavy winter carryover, probably accounts for early heavy infestation. (Witherspoon, Bauer). BEAN LEAF BEETLE (Cerotoma trifurcata) - MISSISSIPPI - Damage moderate on 2 to 3- inch soybeans in Tunica County. (Dinkins). PEANUTS THRIPS - GEORGIA - Light to moderate over peanut belt. (French, May 24). ALABAMA - Frankliniella fusca and other thrips severe on peanuts throughout Geneva County. (Smith) . COTTON BOLL WEEVIL (Anthonomus grandis) - TENNESSEE - Only few weevils found in southern tier of counties; delay in emergence probably due to unfavorable temperatures. (Locke). GEORGIA - Puncturing squares of older cotton in southern area. (Womack, May 24). ALABAMA - Overwintered weevils continue to emerge in 2 to 8-leaf cotton in southern and central areas May 18-24; numbers equal to or greater than in 1967. Controls applied to few fields prior to squaring to reduce weevils and egg laying. Reports indicate fewer weevils in northern area than at same time in 1967. Single weevil found on 8 farms surveyed in Morgan and Colbert Counties; as many as 200 per acre reported in Colbert County at same time in 1967. (McQueen). Overwintered weevils heavy on 200 acres of early cotton at East Tallassee, Tallapoosa County, May 26-31. Flaring and dropping of half-grown older squares heavy due to egg laying and early larval feeding within fruiting buds. (Crockett). Weevils heavy in field of early squaring cotton in Elmore County; many young squares too small for egg laying destroyed by feeding. (Dismukes). Numbers continue high in Henry County; counts low in Monroe County. Some population increase reported as far north as Shelby County. Weevils per acre ranged from zero to 3,100 on 12 farms in Henry, Murray, Monroe, and Shelby Counties. (McQueen et al.). MISSISSIPPI - Adults 87 and 174 per acre in 2 of 19 fields, at Stone- ville, Washington County. (Pfrimmer et al.). LOUISIANA - Total of 161 weevils collected from cages in male attractant test, 95 from winged traps, and 17 from cotton plants in Madison Parish; 1,100 from cages, 616 from winged traps, and 68 from cotton plants to date. Weevils averaged 50 per acre in 2 fields and 100 per acre in one field out of 8 fields inspected. (Cleveland et al.). TEXAS - Weevils found in 2 of 34 fields in McLennan and Falls Counties; averaged 4 per acre (maximum 125) compared with average of 208 per acre for same period of 1967. One weevil collected on flight screens; total to date 7 compared with 19 by May 31, 1967. Total of 28 weevils taken in male sex attractant traps; total of 892 to date. (Cowan et al.). Light in Jim Wells, Fayette, and Wharton Counties; over- wintered weevils still found in Falls and McLennan Counties. (Bippert et al.). FLEA BEETLES - TENNESSEE - Present in most fields surveyed in southern tier of counties; damage light throughout area. (Locke). BOLLWORMS (Heliothis spp.) - MISSISSIPPI - Larvae in 2 of 19 fields at Stoneville, Washington County. (Pfrimmer et al.). TEXAS - Either eggs and/or larvae of H. zea collected on corn, Texas star, alfalfa, spiderwort, phlox, and cotton in McLennan and Falls Counties; 23 larvae previously collected on wild hosts deter- mined as H. zea. Total of 192 H. zea determined from wild host plants to date. (Cowan et al.). Egg laying by H. zea and H. virescens heavy in Rio Grande Valley; eggs numerous in Fayette County. H. zea light in Fayette, Caldwell, and Wharton Counties; infestation 10 percent in some fields in Fayette County; young larvae appearing. H. zea and H. virescens more difficult to control than in past years. (Deer et al.). = — Ae = BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) - ARIZONA - Larvae 2-10 per plant in San Simon, Bowie, Stewart District, and Kansas Settlement area in Cochise County. Controls continued. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). NEW MEXICO - Present in Portales area, Roosevelt County, past 14 days. (Smith, Campbell). Controls applied to heavily infested fields in Chaves and Eddy Counties. (Mathews). TEXAS - Increase continues in counties south and east of Lubbock; damage severe to young cotton in some localized areas. Very heavy in Jayton, Kent County. (Almand, Geeslin). CABBAGE LOOPER (Trichoplusia ni) - TEXAS - Light in 9 fields in McLennan and Falls Counties. (Cowanwetuallepn APHIDS - TENNESSEE - Present in most fields in southern tier of counties; conditions favorable for buildup. (Locke). MISSISSIPPI - Light in 4 of 19 fields at Stone- ville, Washington County. (Pfrimmer et al.). TEXAS - Light in 4 treated and 22 untreated fields in McLennan and Falls Counties. (Cowan et al.). Aphis gossypii light throughout Blackland area of State. (Texas Coop. Rpt.). NEW MEXICO - A. gossypii light and scattered in northern Chaves County. (Mathews). TARNISHED PLANT BUG (Lygus lineolaris) - MISSISSIPPI - Present in 9 of 19 fields at Stoneville, Washington County. Highest count 610 per acre. (Pfrimmer et al.). LOUISIANA - Very light in cotton field in Madison Parish. (Cleveland et al.). COTTON FLEAHOPPER (Psallus seriatus) - TEXAS - Generally decreased throughout Rio Grande Valley with exception of some fields in Lyford area. Ranged 4-30 per 100 terminals in Bee County. Light to heavy in Fayette, Caldwell, and Wharton Counties; 10 per 100 terminals in Fayette County. Noneconomic in Williamson, Falls, and McLennan Counties. (Deer et al.). Counts per 100 row feet averaged 1.2 in 7 treated fields and 2.0 in 27 untreated fields in McLennan and Falls Counties. Counts per sweep averaged 111 in 2 fields of horsemint, 14.9 in 2 fields of evening primrose, 5.4 in field of wild verbena, and 3.7 in fields of Indian blanket. Counts per 100 plants averaged 38 in field of croton, 12 in field of Indian blanket, 2 in field of black-eyed-susan, and 4 in field of wild cauliflower. (Cowan). THRIPS - TEXAS - Increased sharply throughout Blacklands; damage most evident in young cotton. Light to medium in Williamson, Navarro, Kaufman, Ellis, Falls, and McLennan Counties; heavy in some fields in Falls and McLennan Counties. Light to heavy on young cotton in Fayette, Caldwell, and Wharton Counties. (Turney et al.). Light in 3 treated and 27 untreated fields in McLennan and Falls Counties. (Cowan et al.). LOUISIANA - Ranged 0.10-1.44 (average 0.50) per plant in 13 fields in Madison Parish. (Cleveland et al.). MISSISSIPPI - Damage light to young cotton in Chickasaw County. (Dinkins). Light in 15, moderate in 3, and heavy in one out of 19 fields at Stoneville, Washington County. (Pfrimmer et al.). TENNESSEE - Light to heavy in untreated fields in southern tier of counties; much damage caused by light numbers due to slow cotton growth. (Locke). GEORGIA - Light to heavy in southern area. (Womack, May 24). ALABAMA - Damage by Frankliniella fusca and other thrips increased greatly on untreated cotton; controls applied to numerous plantings. Damaging especially in Autauga, Lee,and some other counties. (Chapman et al.). MISSOURI - Sericothrips variabilis very light, 1-4 per 20 plants, in southeast area. (Harrendorf). SPIDER MITES - GEORGIA - Heavy in some fields in southern area. (Womack, May 24). TOBACCO TOBACCO FLEA BEETLE (Epitrix hirtipennis) - VIRGINIA - Adults 1-3 per plant in many fields of newly transplanted 4 to 5-leaf tobacco in Dinwiddie and Nottoway Counties; 8-16 holes per leaf. (Allen). MARYLAND - Heavy on newly transplanted tobacco in State. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). > 4\8)3} < VEGETABLE WEEVIL (Listroderes costirostris obliquus) - MARYLAND - Problem in some tobacco beds this spring. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). GREEN PEACH APHID (MyzZus persicae) - VIRGINIA - Light, 1-2 per plant, on 1.5 acres of 4-leaf tobacco in Prince Edward County. (Allen). SLUGS - WISCONSIN - Damage to seedbeds continues in Dane County. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). SUGARBEETS BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) - NEW MEXICO - Destroyed most of 3l-acre field near Separ, Grant County. (Hare). ARIZONA - Over 200 acres plowed under in Cochise County. Continues to be problem; averaged 4-10 larvae per plant. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). SUGAR-BEET ROOT MAGGOT (Tetanops myopaeformis) - IDAHO - Adult emergence abundant near Rupert, Minidoka County, May -20. (Peay). COLORADO - Adults 1-2 per square yard in Sugarbeet fields; heavier in some fields. Eggs heavy in some fields. (Jenkins). SPINACH LEAF MINER (Pegomya hyoscyami) - COLORADO - Eggs found on sugarbeet leaves. (Jenkins). POTATOES, TOMATOES, PEPPERS COLORADO POTATO BEETLE (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) - NEW YORK - Some egg laying in Suffolk County. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt., May 27). VIRGINIA - Larvae 40 per plant on volunteer potatoes in Isle of Wight County; damage severe. Adults and eggs moder- ate in home gardens throughout Dinwiddie, Campbell, Nansemond, Isle of Wight, and adjacent counties. (Allen). Beetles much more numerous than in 1967 on Eastern Shore. Overwintered adults still laying eggs. Weather conditions more favorable for survival and lady beetle numbers low. (Hofmaster). GEORGIA - Heavy on tomatoes in Spalding County. (Dupree, May 24). IDAHO - Adults feeding on potatoes and nightshade at Caldwell, Canyon County; no larvae seen May 24. (Homan, Walz). SOUTHERN POTATO WIREWORM (Conoderus falli) - ALABAMA - This and C. auritus caused much damage to root systems on 80-acre tomato planting in Geneva County in early April. Field in corn in 1967. Det. by T.J. Spilman. (Leeper, Reynolds). TOMATO FRUITWORM (Heliothis zea) - ALABAMA - Larvae very light in several commer- cial tomato fields in Geneva County. Good control reduced larval numbers compared with past 2 or 3 years. (Reynolds et al., May 24). Larvae heavy in 4-acre field of early tomatoes at East Tallassee, Tallapoosa County. (Crockett). STALK BORER (Papaipema nebris) - GEORGIA - Heavy on potatoes and eggplants in Tift County. (Stowe, May 24). POTATO TUBERWORM (Phthorimaea operculella) - ALABAMA - Only 2 old leaf mines in 10 potato fields in Baldwin and Escambia Counties; no larvae or adults in numerous potatoes. Harvest in progress in Baldwin County. (Turner, Leeper, May 24). SEED-CORN MAGGOT (Hylemya platura) - MICHIGAN - Infested "plowed down" (rotting) rye. Heavy numbers expected on tomato transplants; lower numbers on potatoes. (Janes, May 27). gil BEANS AND PEAS MEXICAN BEAN BEETLE (Epilachna varivestis) - ALABAMA - Adults and larvae continue to increase throughout State, especially in Morgan, Colbert, Cullman, Lawrence, Bibb, and other northern counties where controls widely used. (Eich et al., May 24). SOUTH CAROLINA - Infesting all plants in some field pea plantings at Minturn, Dillon County; leaf damage 75 percent. Some green beans heavily damaged. (Bauer). VIRGINIA - Adults numerous, up to 20 per 100 row feet, on garden beans in soybean belt. (Allen). MARYLAND - Adults active and laying eggs in 20 acres of beans near Cambridge, Dorchester County; defoliation light to moderate on 30 percent of plants. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). BEAN LEAF BEETLE (Cerotoma trifurcata) - DELAWARE - First adults of season on early snap beans in Sussex County; injury light. (Burbutis). VIRGINIA - Adults averaged 150 per 100 row feet on string beans in garden in Dinwiddie County. (Allen). MISSISSIPPI - Light to moderate in 16 snap bean fields in south-central area. (Dinkins). COLORADO POTATO BEETLE (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) - NEW JERSEY - Adults and feeding damage evident in central and Southern counties; egg masses common. (Ins.- Dis. Newsltr.). COWPEA CURCULIO (Chalcodermus aeneus) - GEORGIA - Overwintering adults active on field peas in Spalding County. Dupree, May 24). SEED-CORN MAGGOT (Hylemya platura) - OREGON - Infested bean seedlings week after planting April 22 in Marion County; good stand obtained. (Crowell). PEA APHID (Acyrthosiphon pisum) - DELAWARE - Averaged 14 per 10 sweeps on peas in most areas of Sussex County. (Burbutis). GRAY GARDEN SLUG (Deroceras reticulatum) - OREGON - Juveniles, mostly this species, active in vegetable plantings throughout Willamette Valley. Damage severe to bean seedlings-in experimental plantings at Corvallis. (Crowell). COLE CROPS CABBAGE MAGGOT (Hylemya brassicae) - NEW YORK - Adults active and eggs found in Ontario County. On early transplants and seedbeds in Suffolk County. (Nias Wkly. Rpt., May 27). VIRGINIA - Live and dead adults moderate in Isle of Wight and Nansemond Counties. (Allen). OHIO - Infested some cabbage and radish in Union County. (Gibson). Becoming widespread in northwest and southeastern cabbage-producing areas; threat most serious in years. Development enhanced by recent cool, wet weather. Immediate controls necessary. (Miller). MICHIGAN - Favored by cool moist weather. Very damaging, mostly in southern vegetable areas. (Janes, May 28). WISCONSIN - Half-grown larvae more numerous than normal on radishes at Dane County site. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). CABBAGE LOOPER (Trichoplusia ni) - GEORGIA - Heavy on cabbage in Spalding County. (Minter, Dupree, May 24). MISSISSIPPI - Present in 30 percent of plants in 10 cabbage plots in south-central area. (Dinkins). ARKANSAS - Most abundant looper on several hosts throughout State. (Boyer). DIAMONDBACK MOTH (Plutella xylostella) - GEORGIA - Moderate on cabbage in Tift County. (Morgan, Chalfont, May 34). UTAH - Larvae numerous in mustard-infested alfalfa in Salt Lake and Tooele Counties. (Knowlton). IMPORTED CABBAGEWORM (Pieris rapae) - GEORGIA - Heavy on cabbage in Spalding County. (Dupree, May 24). NEW HAMPSHIRE - Egg laying underway on crucifers May 23 at Litchfield, (Sutherland). - 495 - CUCURBITS STRIPED CUCUMBER BEETLE (Acalymma vittatum) - DELAWARE - First adults of season common on young plants in Sussex County; injury evident. (Burbutis). ALABAMA - Adults up to 9 per bloom (heavy) in squash field in southern Mobile County; some foliar feeding. (Seibels, May 24). MISSISSIPPI - Light to moderate on cucumbers in 20 fields in south-central area and in 10 fields in Tallahatchie County. (Dinkins) . SEED-CORN MAGGOT (Hylemya platura) - MICHIGAN - Heavy numbers expected on melon. (Janes, May 27). SOUTHERN GREEN STINK BUG (Nezara viridula) - ALABAMA - Adults light on squash in Mobile County; nymphs present. (Seibels, Bolton, May 24). LEAF-FOOTED BUG (Leptoglossus phyllopus) - ALABAMA - Adults light on squash in some Mobile County fields. (Seibels, Bolton, May 24). BEAN LEAF SKELETONIZER (Autoplusia egena) - CALIFORNIA - Larvae heavy in cucumber plantings in Carlsbad, San Diego County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). GRAY GARDEN SLUG (Deroceras reticulatum) - OREGON - Juveniles severely damaged cucumbers at Junction City. (Crowell). GENERAL VEGETABLES ONION MAGGOT (Hylemya antiqua) - NEW YORK - Damaged seeded onions May 21 in Orange County. Damage 75 percent (average 25) on some treated onions with rye windbreak interplanting. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt., May 27). NEW JERSEY - Total of 262 taken on 6 stickyboard traps May 13-27 at Cedarville. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). MICHIGAN - Activity heavy in Gun Swamp and other Allegan County areas, and in scattered fields at Stockbridge. Eggs numerous on volunteer onions; first and second in- stars present where furrow treatment not properly applied. (Guyer, May 27). COLORADO - Adults decreased in Vineland and St. Charles Mesa areas, Pueblo County; no larval damage. (Schweissing). SEED-CORN MAGGOT (Hylemya platura) - NEW YORK - Damaging early planted lettuce; earliest damage widespread May 18 in Orange County. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt.). ASPARAGUS BEETLES (Crioceris spp.) - MICHIGAN - C. asparagi difficult to control due to low temperatures. (Wooley, May 27). OHIO - C. aSparagi adults feeding and ovipositing on Delaware County asparagus May 20. (Galford). C. asparagi and C. duodecimpunctata ovipositing May 26 in Union County. (Gibson) ~ | intr GREEN PEACH APHID (Myzus persicae) - NEW MEXICO - Heavy on vegetables in nurseries and growing areas in San Juan County; good control very difficult. (Heninger). GRAY GARDEN SLUG (Deroceras reticulatum) - OREGON - Juveniles, mostly this Species, favored by wet weather throughout Willamette Valley. Damage severe to bean seedlings in experimental plantings at Corvallis. (Crowell). DECIDUOUS FRUITS AND NUTS CODLING MOTH (Carpocapsa pomenella) - OREGON - Total of 146 males taken in female pheromone trapS in vicinities of Hood River and the Dalles May 9. None in 2 bait pots. (Zwick). Males taken May 7 in sterile female attractant traps at Milton- Freewater, Umatilla County. (Burkhart). MICHIGAN - First moth in blacklight traps May 26. (Pshea). VERMONT - Pupation continues; no empty pupal cases observed in bands. (MacCollom, May 27). = 4199 = PEACH TREE BORERS - GEORGIA - Synanthedon pictipes moths abundant May 15 in Peach County orchard; no Sanninoidea exitiosa moths observed as of May 15. (Yonce). MICHIGAN - Synanthedon pictipes emergence begun in southwest orchards; one-third emerged at Fennville. Emergence earlier than normal. (Carpenter, Wooley, May 27). CIGAR CASEBEARER (Coleophora serratella) - WISCONSIN - Larvae about full grown on fruit in Dane County; no pupation. Damage severe on some neglected trees. (Wis. line}, Steres))c TORTRICID MOTHS - NEW YORK - Argyrotaenia velutinana larvae on Clinton County apple May 23. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt.). MICHIGAN - Archips argyrospilus active in abandoned apple orchards. (Klackle, May 27). BLACK CHERRY APHID (Myzus cerasi) - RHODE ISLAND - Infesting cherry at Greenville, Providence County, May 23. (Field). NEW YORK - Present on terminals of cherry trees in Niagara area. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt., May 27). WISCONSIN - Small colonies building up on Dane County cherry; most developing wing pads. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). NEW MEXICO - Probably this species curling cherry foliage in San Juan County. (Heninger). GREEN PEACH APHID (Myzus persicae) - NEW MEXICO - Curling severe to foliage in untreated peach trees in San Juan County. (Heninger). OYSTERSHELL SCALE (Lepidosaphes ulmi) - WISCONSIN - Hatch about 75 percent by May 28 on apple near Madison; 60 percent of crawlers under mother scales, 40 percent exposed. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). ILLINOIS - Hatch about complete in central and southern sections. Gins, Sure Bullsliee) i PLUM CURCULIO (Conotrachelus nenuphar) - GEORGIA - Few overwintered adults still in orchards May 24; first-generation larvae pupating May 15 in Peach County. (Carroll, Yonce). VERMONT - Some feeding and egg laying scars on unsprayed trees at Burlington. (MacCollom, May 27). MICHIGAN - Egg laying scars in abandoned plum blocks. (Klackle, May 27). CICADAS (Magicicada spp.) - OHIO - First adults of 1968 brood in Jefferson and Columbiana Counties. (Forsythe, Still). SPIDER MITES - NEW HAMPSHIRE - All stages of Tetranychus urticae on lower limbs in young orchard May 21 at Greenland, Rockingham County. (Sutherland). NEW YORK - Panonychus ulmi very heavy in untreated orchards in Monroe area in spite of cool, wet weather; appearance early in Niagara area. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt., May 27). ARIZONA - T. telarius heavy on apple trees at Sedona, Yavapai County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). ar PEAR LEAF BLISTER MITE (Eriophyes pyri) - ARIZONA - Heavy on pear foliage at Sedona, Yavapai County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). PECAN LEAF PHYLLOXERA (Phylloxera notabilis) - OKLAHOMA - Heavy on pecan trees in Mayes County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). ALABAMA - Heavy but localized on Pabst, Schley, and seedling pecans in southern Mobile County; 1-20 galls per leaf. (Deakle). GIANT BARK APHID (Longistigma caryae) - OKLAHOMA - Continues active on scattered pecan trees in Garvin County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). FILBERT APHID (Myzocallis coryli) - UTAH - Moderate on ornamental hazel nut foliage at Logan, Cache County. (Knowlton). ; : SHOT-HOLE BORER (Scolytus rugulosus) - GEORGIA - Infesting pecan trees May 24 in Liberty and McDuffie Counties. (Peebles, Hutcherson). - 497 - PECAN NUT CASEBEARER (Acrobasis caryae) - TEXAS - Controls begun in Stephens, Young, and Wichita Counties; controls will begin from Wilbarger County west along Red River within 7 days. (Boring). INSECT DETECTION New State Records A LEAFHOPPER (Draeculacephala inscripta) - NEW JERSEY - Collected by L.D. DeBlois as follows: One specimen at Trenton, Mercer County, June 15, 1964; one at Seabrook, Cumberland County, June 11, 1965; 3 at Masonville, Burlington County - one on June 29, 1965, and 2 on August 13, 1965. Det. by J.P. Kramer. (Race). A DELPHACID PLANTHOPPER (Euidella gerhardi) - NEW JERSEY - Three specimens col- lected July 27, 1965, at Seabrook, Cumberland County, and one specimen August 9, 1965, at Aura, Gloucester County, by L.D. DeBlois. Det. by J.P. Kramer. (Race). A SPIDER MITE (Platytetranychus thujae) - MISSOURI - Taken on arborvitae at New Cambria, Macon County, May 9, 1968. Collected and determined by S. Thewke. (p. 498). ASIATIC OAK WEEVIL (Cyrtepistomus castaneus) - ALABAMA - Nuisance in and around homes at Heflin, Cleburne County. Collected July 27, 1967. Det. by R.E. Warner. (p. 501). New County Records A LEAFHOPPER (Draeculacephala inscripta) - NEW JERSEY - Cumberland and Burlington Counties. (p. 497). A DELPHACID PLANTHOPPER (Euidella gerhardi) - NEW JERSEY - Gloucester County. (p. 497). ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - MICHIGAN - Ottawa County. ILLINOIS - Jo Daviess, Ogle, and Winnebago Counties. MISSOURI - Carroll and Chariton Counties. NEBRASKA - Harlan County. (p. 488). CLOVER LEAF WEEVIL (Hypera punctata) - NEW MEXICO - Chaves County. (p. 489). CARNATION TORTRIX MOTH (Cacoecimorpha pronubana) - OREGON - Clatsop County. (p. 498). CORRECTIONS CEIR 18(21):449 - CHERMIDS should read ADELGIDS. CEIR 18(21):451 - RED ADMIRAL (Vanessa atalanta) - WASHINGTON - Change to PAINTED LADY (Vanessa cardui). (Landis). = 498 - CITRUS YELLOW SCALE (Aonidiella citrina) - CALIFORNIA - Medium on orange trees at Porterville, Tulare County; much parasitism. Biological control upset in many locations earlier. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). SIX-SPOTTED MITE (Eotetranychus sexmaculatus) - CALIFORNIA - Medium on lemon trees locally at Carpinteria, Santa Barbara County; not as common as few years acon (Calla CoopeRpiie is OTHER TROP. & SUBTROP. FRUITS ARMORED SCALES - CALIFORNIA - Parlatoria oleae and Aspidiotus perniciosus moder- ate on 25-acre almond orchard at Princeton, Glenn County. (CaluCoopmmrpt.) . SMALL FRUITS WESTERN FLOWER THRIPS (Frankliniella occidentalis) - CALIFORNIA - Heavy on grape- vines at Chico, Butte County; unusually abundant. (Gali iCoope Rpt)! ORNAMENTALS CARNATION TORTRIX MOTH (Cacoecimorpha pronubana) - OREGON - Collected at Astoria, Clatsop County, first week in May, on Viburnum davidii and other highway ornamentals. (Goeden). Also collected at Elsie, Clatsop County, August 20, 1967. (Jewett). This is a new county record. (Westcott). BAGWORM (Thyridopteryx ephemeraeformis) - TENNESSEE - Hatching in Davidson County. (Williams, May 24). ILLINOIS - Hatch complete in southern sections. (Ins. Sur. Bull.). NEBRASKA - No hatch yet. (Keith). CHRYSANTHEMUM GALL MIDGE (Diarthronomyia chrysanthemi) - CALIFORNIA - Larvae and pupae heavy on chrysanthemums at Auburn, Placer County; more evident than in past years. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). A SPIDER MITE (Platytetranychus thujae) - MISSOURI - Taken on arborvitae at New Cambria, Macon County, May 9, 1968. Collected and determined by S, Thewke. This is a new State record. (Munson). ; FOREST AND SHADE TREES NANTUCKET PINE TIP MOTH (Rhyacionia frustrana) - ALABAMA - Extreme damage to most tips of loblolly pine in new residential area at Decatur, Morgan County. Larvae 1-3 per tip. Few pupae observed; new flight of moths expected next 7-10 days. Some isolated heavy infestations on highway plantings in Macon, Montgomery, and Autauga Counties. (Eich et al, May 24). OKLAHOMA - First-generation adult emergence 10 percent in McCurtain County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). KANSAS - Mostly early instars, beginning .to tunnel into shoots in Riley County. (Brooks) . EUROPEAN PINE SHOOT MOTH (Rhyacionia buoliana) - OHIO - Larvae heavy on 300 Scotch pines in Marion County; pupation began May 13. (Galford). OREGON - Adults emerged May 11-17 at Hermiston, Umatilla County. (Goeden, Kline). SPRUCE NEEDLE MINER (Taniva albolineana) - OHIO - Larval feeding of 1967 season and early spring 1968 heavily damaged 150 blue spruce in Summit County planting. Most in pupal stage now. Emergence of first adults began May 23. (Kelly). A GELECHIID MOTH (Exoteleia nepheos) - OHIO - Larvae common on new shoots of Scotch pine in some landscape and Christmas tree plantings in Summit County and other Scotch pine Christmas trees in Lake County planting. An encyrtid wasp - 499 - (Copidosoma deceptor) parasitized about 10 percent of Lake County infestation. (Campbell, May 23). ZIMMERMAN PINE MOTH (Dioryctria zimmermani) - OHIO - Heavy on Scotch pine in some landscape and Christmas tree plantings in Summit County. (Campbell, May 23). JACK-PINE BUDWORM (Choristoneura pinus) - WISCONSIN - In third instar in Adams, Juneau, and Jackson Counties. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). DOUGLAS-FIR TUSSOCK MOTH (Hemerocampa pseudotsugata) - NEW MEXICO - Hatch under- way at Ruidoso, Lincoln County. (Lucht). EUROPEAN PINE SAWFLY (Neodiprion sertifer) - IOWA - Larvae damaged Jackson County Scotch pine. (Gunderson). OHIO - Larvae completed feeding and development; left hosts to pupate in Hamilton County. (Rose). A CONIFER SAWFLY (Neodiprion pratti pratti) - TENNESSEE - Defoliated Humphreys County pine. (Williams). SPRUCE GALL APHIDS - VERMONT - Very heavy in many areas; very heavy on red, white, and Norway spruces in Washington County. (MacCollom, May 27). NEW HAMPSHIRE - Adelges abietis galls forming at bases of new growth May 21 at New Hampton, Belknap County. (Hutchins). WISCONSIN - A. cooleyi egg masses collected May 23 from Jefferson County Douglas-fir hatched; alates numerous by May 28 in plastic bags containing twigs. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). PINE BARK APHID (Pineus strobi) - TENNESSEE - Heavy on ornamental white pines in Davidson and Knox Counties. (Williams, Quillin, May 24). PINE SPITTLEBUG (Aphrophora parallela) - MARYLAND - Heavy on loblolly saplings near Centreville, Queen Annes County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). EASTERN TENT CATERPILLAR (Malacosoma americanum) - RHODE ISLAND - Nests reaching maximum size in Providence County. (King, May 22). WISCONSIN - Larvae full grown in southern counties with few instances of migration. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). FOREST TENT CATERPILLAR (Malacosoma disstria) - OHIO - Last instars lightly defoliated white and red oOakS May 22 in Scioto Trail State Forest, Ross County. (Hanson et al.). MOURNING-CLOAK BUTTERFLY (Nymphalis antiopa) - NEW MEXICO - Early instars damaged Siberian elms at Hernandez, Rio Arriba County. (Heninger). NEVADA - Larvae light to heavy and spotted on elm at Fallon, Churchill County. (Lauderdale). CANKERWORMS - VERMONT - Heavy on elm, red maple, basswood, and other hardwoods near Whiting, Addison County. (MacCollom, May 27). MICHIGAN - Damage evident in many areas; hatch not complete due to cool weather. (Wallner, May 27). WISCONSIN - Paleacrita vernata larvae nearly full grown in western Dane County; defoliation not aS severe aS in previous years. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MINNESOTA - Mostly third instars of P. vernata and Alsophila pometaria in suburbs north of St. Paul; much shot-holing but no defoliation. Thinning evident at top of some elms. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). NORTH DAKOTA - Cankerworm shot-Soling evident on various trees at Fargo and Grand Forks. Larvae first and second instars. (Brandvik). FALL WEBWORM (Hyphantria cunea) - OREGON - Newly emerged adults at lights in Salem, Marion County, May 24. (Goeden). ELM LEAF BEETLE (Pyrrhalta luteola) - COLORADO - Damaged Chinese elm at Fort Collins, Larimer County. (Hantsbarger). UTAH - Adults active at Magna and Granger, Salt Lake County. (Knowlton). ARIZONA - Heavy on Chinese elms at Page, Coconino County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). NEW MEXICO - Adult damage severe to Siberian elm foliage at Farmington and Aztec in San Juan County and at Espanola, - 500 - Rio Arriba County; egg laying well underway. (Heninger). TEXAS - Light to heavy in counties north of Dallas to Red River; larvae damaging in Wilbarger, Foard, and Hardeman Counties. (Turney, Boring). OKLAHOMA - Larvae light on Kingfisher County elm; medium on Pottawatomie and Comanche County elm. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). KANSAS - Two-thirds of first-generation eggs hatched in Riley County. (Brooks) . NEBRASKA - Eggs being deposited in southeastern area. (Keith, Roselle). FLEA BEETLES (Altica spp.) - VERMONT - A. ulmi common on elms at Whiting. (MacCollom, May 27. IDAHO - A. ambiens adults skeletonized cottonwood leaves May 23 at Coeur d'Alene, Kootenai County. (Stranahan). A LEAF-MINING WEEVIL (Odontopus calceatus) - OHIO - Adults and larvae moderately defoliated yellow-poplar and sassafrass May 22 in Scioto Trail State Forest, Ross County. (Hanson et al.). ROUNDHEADED WOOD BORERS - OHIO - Romaleum rufulum larvae feeding in phloem tissues and enlarging galleries in red, black, and Scarlet oaks throughout southern area in general, Injury conspicuous. Damaged primarily smaller trees up to about 5 or 6 inches in diameter. (Hay). Goes tigrinus larvae feeding and producing frass in mostly smaller white oaks through southern area. (Burns). BIRCH LEAF MINER (Fenusa pusilla) - RHODE ISLAND - Adults on birch May 23 at Woonsocket, Providence County. (King). WISCONSIN - Adults laying eggs on Door County birch; appeared as far north as Washburn County. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). ELM LEAF MINER (Fenusa ulmi) - NORTH DAKOTA - Infested approximately 80 percent of elm in park at Grand Forks, 50 percent of leaves showed tunnelling. (Brandvik). WISCONSIN - Pupation begun at Madison. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). PLANT BUGS - WISCONSIN - Defoliating ornamental locusts in west Madison area. Neoborus amoenus nearly full grown, wing pads formed. Damage light at Madison. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MINNESOTA - N. amoenus nymphs appearing on undersides of ash leaves. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). ARMORED SCALES - OHIO - Lepidosaphes ulmi crawlers dispersing from heavily infes- ted maples in Cuyahoga County May 21. (Galford). WISCONSIN - Chionaspis furfura heavy on Sauk County elms. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MAN AND ANIMALS MOSQUITOES - ALABAMA - Very annoying in urban and rural areas of Colbert and other counties along Tennessee River in northern area; bites increasing statewide. (Holloway et al., May 24). INDIANA - Adults very common and annoying throughout northern districts. (Huber). WISCONSIN - Adult emergence heavy with biting even on cool days in Oconto, Sauk, Grant, Iowa, and other northern counties. Many small larvae and some adults in Adams County May 22. No floodwater species as yet. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MINNESOTA - Of 1,861 larval samples collected May 19-25, over half contained Aedes vexans. Development slow due to cool temperatures. Of 60 females and 33 males in light traps May 18-24, A. vexans 15, Culiseta inornata 19, and C, minnesotae 16 most numerous. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). UTAH - Aedes dorsalis, A. nigromaculis, A, vexans, Culex tarsalis, and Culiseta inornata larvae in meadows May 24 west of Logan, Cache County. (Roberts). CALIFORNIA - Adults in- creased greatly and caused severe annoyance in many locations due to favorable temperatures. Culex pipiens and Aedes sierrensis dominant. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.) SCREW-WORM (Cochliomyia hominivorax) - Total of 99 cases reported in U,S, May 26- June 1, as follows: TEXAS - Atascosa 2, Bee 2, Brewster 4, Brooks 2, De Witt 18, Duval 1, Edwards 1, Frio 6, Hidalgo 3, Jim Hogg 5, Jim Wells 2, Jeff Davis 1, Karnes 1, Kenedy 2, Kimble 1, Kerr 1, La Salle 1, Live Oak 4, Maverick 1, Medina 9, McMullen 1, San Patricio 3, Terrell 1, Uvalde 8, Val Verde 2, Webb 1, Willacy 1, Zavala 1; ARIZONA - Cochise 2, Maricopa 1, Yavapai 1, Yuma 1; NEW MEXICO - Grant 1; CALIFORNIA - Imperial 7, Riverside 1. Total of 320 cases reported in , - sOl - portion of Barrier Zone in Republic of Mexico as follows: Baja California 3, Territorio sur de Baja California 26, Sonora 104, Chihuahua 5, Coahuila 50, Nuevo Leon 20, Tamaulipas 112. Total of 28 cases reported in Mexico south of Barrier Zone, Barrier Zone is area where eradication operation underway to prevent estab- lishment of self-sustaining population in U.S, Sterile screw-worm flies released: Texas 51,668,000; New Mexico 700,000; Arizona 940,000; California 1,100,000; Mexico 82,880,000. (Anim. Health Div.). HORN FLY (Haematobia irritans) - ALABAMA - Counts per head continue to increase in central and southern areas, eSpecially in Mobile, Bibb, and other counties. (Vickery et al., May 24). MISSISSIPPI - Counts per head by county: Adams 350 on 300 head; Hinds 43 on 690; Attala 15-20 on 425; Clay 75 on 15; Montgomery 200 on 160; Yazoo 800-1,000 on 200 head. (Dinkins). ARKANSAS - Ranged 100-150 per head on northwest area cattle; below normal for time of year due probably to unfavor- able weather. (Simco). OKLAHOMA - Ranged 200-500 per mature cow in north-central, northwest, and central areas. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). MISSOURI - Averages ranged 61-194 (averaged 105) per head in 10-cow samples on 6 farms in central area. (Thomas). ILLINOIS - Averages per head by county: Massac 50.7, St. Clair 24.4, Sangamon 15, (Sturgeon). FACE FLY (Musca autumnalis) - MISSOURI - Averages ranged 0-5.5 (averaged 2.7) per head in 10-cow samples on 6 farms in central area. (Thomas). WISCONSIN - Some problems in Richland County. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). HOUSE FLY (Musca domestica) - WISCONSIN - Occasional report of severe problems in dairy barns. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). STABLE FLY (Stomoxys calcitrans) - ILLINOIS - Averages per head by county: Massac 1.9, St. Clair 3.5. (Sturgeon). A LOUSE FLY (Lipoptena mazamae) - OKLAHOMA - Adults becoming active in Cherokee and Adair Counties. Heavy spring emergence reported. Some annoyance to man, (Okla. Coop. Sur.). NORTHERN FOWL MITE (Ornithonyssus sylviarum) - ARKANSAS - Very heavy, up to 1,000+ per bird, in Some Poultry flocks in northwest area. (Simco). HARD-BACKED TICKS - OKLAHOMA - Amblyomma americanum averaged 5 per hour on pine plantation in McCurtain County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). WISCONSIN - Some Dermacentor variabilis on dogs as far south as Sauk County. Incidence not as high as in 1967, VIRGINIA - Rhipicephalus sanguineus numerous in Nansemond and surrounding counties. (Smith, Allen). BROWN RECLUSE SPIDER (Loxosceles reclusa) - ALABAMA - Several more specimens col- lected in Lawrence County homes; Specimen at Tuscumbia, Colbert County. (Holloway, Baswell, May 24). HOUSEHOLDS AND STRUCTURES ASIATIC OAK WEEVIL (Cyrtepistomus castaneus) - ALABAMA - Nuisance in and around homes at Heflin, Cleburne County. Collected July 27, 1967. This is a new State record, Det. by R,E, Warner. (Ventress). EASTERN SUBTERRANEAN TERMITE (Reticulitermes flavipes) - RHODE ISLAND - Large number of complaints received, (Relli, May 24). TENNESSEE - Heavy swarms in western Knox County. (Bennett, May 25). BENEFICIAL INSECTS LADY BEETLES - FLORIDA - Hyperaspis sp. adults active on 25 of 50 nursery plants - 502 - of Norfolk Island pine (Araucaria excelsa) inspected at Miami, Dade County. (Fla. Coop. Sur.). ARIZONA - Hippodamia convergens averaged 40 per 100 sweeps on Cochise County alfalfa, WYOMING - Lady beetle adults averaged 5 per 100 sweeps on wheat and alfalfa in Platte, Goshen, and Laramie Counties. (Parshall). NEBRASKA - Adults 3-21 (average 9), larvae 0-19 (average 6) per 50 sweeps on wheat; adults 3-19 (average 7), larvae 0 - 25 (average 7) per 20 sweeps on alfalfa and red clover in Cass, Otoe, Johnson, Saline, and Lancaster Counties. (Keith). MICHIGAN - Coleomegilla maculata and Coccinella trifasciata more abundant, Hippo- damia tredecimpunctata controlled pea aphid on alfalfa. Newman, May 23). DAMSEL BUGS - ARIZONA - Nabis ferus averaged 50 per 100 sweeps on Cochise County alfalfa. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). WYOMING - Nabis spp. adults 2-12 per 100 sweeps on alfalfa in Platte, Goshen, and Laramie Counties. (Parshall). UTAH - Nabis spp. adults and larvae light to moderate on moderate pea aphid infestations on alfalfa in Salt Lake and Tooele Counties. Other predators also present. (Knowlton). MELYRID BEETLES (Collops spp.) - ARIZONA - Averaged 110 per 100 sweeps on Maricopa County alfalfa. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.) AN ICHNEUMON WASP (Bathyplectes curculionis) - VIRGINIA - Parasitized up to 61 percent of alfalfa weevil larvae May 15 in Montgomery County. (Pienkowski) . HONEY BEE (Apis mellifera) - RHODE ISLAND - Swarming throughout State. (Belli, Field, May 24). FEDERAL AND STATE PLANT PROTECTION PROGRAMS CARIBBEAN FRUIT FLY (Anastrepha suspensa) - FLORIDA - Larvae light in late-hang- ing grapefruit at several locations in Indian River County May 22-28, (Roberson et al.). Infested on May 23, calamondins at several locations in Pinellas County (Carroll), peaches at Bradenton, Manatee County (Custead) and at Clearwater, Pinellas County (Carroll); and bell pepper at West Hollywood, Broward County, May 22 (O'Brien). CEREAL LEAF BEETLE (Oulema melanopus) - INDIANA - Adults ranged 3-5 per sweep and eggs averaged 5 per wheat plant May 22 in northeastern La Porte County; much mat- ing. (Teresinski). GRASS BUGS - IDAHO - Labops hesperius adult damage severe May 21 on 1,000 acres of grass at Smith Prairie, Elmore County. (Edwards). WYOMING - L. hesperius averaged 26 per 100 sweeps on winter wheat in Laramie County; little feeding dam- age. (Parshall). ARIZONA - Grass bugs averaged 5-6 per square yard on 10,000 acres of wheatgrass in Hualapai Indian Reservation, Mohave County. (Ariz. Coop. Suri GRASSHOPPERS - CALIFORNIA - Large infestations developing in Several areas. Treated 30,000 acres at Edison and Wheeler Ridge in Kern County and 25,000 acres at Temecula, Riverside County. Controls scheduled for 1,500 acres in Coahuilla Indian Reservation, Riverside County, and for 1,000 acres in Viegas Reservation, San Diego County. Controls needed on less than 3,000 acres in Hoopa Indian Reservation, Humboldt County, and about 6,000 acres in Red Clover Valley, Plumas County. Potential outbreak areas exist in parts of Los Angeles, San Luis Obispo, San Diego, Fresno, and some northern counties. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). NEVADA - First to third instars of Aulocara elliotti, Melanoplus sanguinipes, and Oedaleonotus enigma ranged 6-12 per Square yard on 10,000 acres of rangeland at Orovada, Humboldt County, and in Grass Valley, Pershing County; noneconomic to date. (Burnett). UTAH - Second to third instars light on alfalfa and wheat at Tooele and Lakepoint in Tooele County and at Magna, Granger, and Salt Lake City in Salt Lake County. (Knowlton). ARIZONA - Heavy numbers of ANG elliotti, M. sanguinipes, M. cuneatus controlled on 1,600 acres in Ash Creek Flat area on San Carlos Indian ReServation, Gila County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). NEW MEXICO - Mostly first instars of Drepanopterna femoratum, A. elliotti, Metator pardalinus, and Brachystola magna averaged 20 per Square yard on rangeland near Tatum, Lea County. (N.M, Coop. Rpt.). = 903) — Grasshoppers moderately heavy on young vegetables in coldframes and in gardens at Farmington and Aztec in San Juan County. (Heninger). COLORADO - Mostly second and third instars of Melanoplus bivittatus and other species increased from 0-40 to 40-100 per 100 sweeps on alfalfa in Weld, Larimer, Morgan, and Boulder Counties. (Johnson). KANSAS - First instars light in Meade and Seward Counties. (Gates). GYPSY MOTH (Porthetria dispar) - NEW YORK - Aerially sprayed in 12 areas of Suf- folk County May 21-22, “Larvae about 0.5 inch long. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt.). PINK BOLLWORM (Pectinophora gossypiella) - ARIZONA - Emergence in experimental cages heavy in Yuma County, light in Maricopa and Graham Counties. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). TEXAS - Caught 6 in light traps; 2 in sex lure traps baited with 6 female equivalents in McLennan and Falls Counties, (Cleveland et al.). WESTERN GRAPE LEAF SKELETONIZER (HarriSina brillians) - CALIFORNIA - Several moths collected in blacklight trap at Roseville, Placer County. First time light traps used for detecting this moth in State. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). WHITE-FRINGED BEETLES (Graphognathus spp.) - ALABAMA - Larvae caused much damage to young cotton, reduced Stands in Several Geneva County fields. (Reynolds, May 24). Larvae caused much damage to some peanut fields in same area. (Smith). Larvae heavy on about 10 acres of 60-acre soybean field at Monroeville, Monroe County; high count of 9 under one plant. (Lemons et al.). GEORGIA - Heavy on Thomas County peanuts. (Smith, May 24). HAWAII INSECT REPORT Turf, Pasture, Rangeland - All stages of a GRASS WEBWORM (Herpetogramma licarsisalis) remain medium to heavy on pasture grasses at Several areas on Maui; damage ranged 10-100 percent on approximately 1,000 acres. Damage especially heavy at Hana with as many as 75 larvae per square foot. Eggs from Nahiku, Hana, and Kipahulu 80 percent parasitized by a minute egg parasite (Trichogramma Semifumatum); larval parasites moderate. (Miyahira). Vegetables - GREENHOUSE WHITEFLY (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) very heavy in some bean fields at Waimanalo, Oahu; medium on tomato plantings at Kona, Hawaii Island. (Kubo, Yoshioka). A FLEAHOPPER (Spanogonicus albofasciatus) adults heavy and rest- ing on daikon, mustard cabbage, and parsley at Koko Head, Oahu; breeding on common purslane, a weed, growing: between crops. (Funasaki). Ornamentals - Nymphs and adults of a PLATASPID BUG (Coptosoma xanthogramma) medium on maunaloa vines at Waialua, Oahu. New area of infestation. (Kitagawa). Wild Cotton - COTTON APHID (Aphis gossypii) and PINK BOLLWORM (Pectinophora goSsSypiella) heavy on scattered wild cotton at Waianae, Oahu; A. gossypii also heavy on okra in farm at Pupukea. (Funasaki) . General Pest - All stages of SOUTHERN GREEN STINK BUG (Nezara viridula) built up, mostly on weeds, in lowlands and up to 2,500 feet at Kula, Maui. Approximately 75 percent of adults bore eggs of introduced TACHINA FLIES (Trichopoda pennipes var. pilipes and T. pennipes). (Miyahira). RMN NEC eRe Miscellaneous Pest - VAGRANT GRASSHOPPER (Schistocerca vaga) nymphs and adults very heavy at Waianae, Oahu. Numerous adults flushed from truck crop fields dur- ing harvest and spray operations. Crop damage negligible according to growers. Heavy throughout Waianae on slender mimosa (Desmanthus virgatus), a weed. 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Cole Because of the rugged terrain in West Virginia, it was apparent that the standard 12-volt wet cell battery was too heavy and cumbersome to use with the blacklight trap on the forest insect detection survey. A 12-volt, 8 ampere-hour storage battery which measures 3-1/32" x 7-1/8" x 6" and weighs eleven pounds will be used during the 1968 trapping program. Tests in the West Virginia Department of Agriculture office at Charleston indicated that the battery will operate the 6- watt blacklight lamp tube effectively for 20 hours without exhausting the battery. These tests were conducted at room temperature and battery temperature of 75°F. The battery can be recharged. It can be operated in any position, except that it must be in upright position for recharging. The West Virginia Department of Agriculture will be able to evaluate the life of these batteries after the sea- son's trapping. The photo below shows the battery in operation. U.S. Dept. Agr. Coop. Econ. Ins. 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ST o[ddy ‘eset{oy Fo Sso[T pue sulossoTq fo BUTTeATAYS sesneo UOT}BISeTUL “puelSsuqy ut pepszodexr useq sey doxzo oetdde ue o}4 aseuep yuedted OL se yon sy ‘uedee pue err[vajsny ut sanoo0 ostTe 4sed ay, ‘“epeueg ‘yoOTMSUNIg MeN pue VT}OOg BAON UT Savok aulOS UT 9Tqnor4 pesneo sey 41 pue edoang ut ysod snotzes @ ST T[TVW ‘q ‘SSUTM poepTOF Fo ditzy 0} peoy wory “WM F YNOGe ‘T{eUS ST T[Teu e{TASq ‘user3 ated st aouvavodde [e1eues oy, ~°1owuNns ynNoYsSnNoIy} SAT OV erie Si[Npy ‘“SeAveT pue (SeToUNped) swleqys yTNAF ‘spnq 3utuedo ut posy sydudu uoea3 YSTMOTTAA ated oy, “ptrtTAsd stujz fo soueseid o}eoTpUT 5 Aew spxeyoro otdde ut eSerptoy uo mapAauoy Jo SotyTyUeNdb os1e7T ABYING addy 506 - “sizeof AuCW TOF edoing ut 93sed yuezys0dut ue se papszeser useq Sey 1O}VVTTOFop STUL “uvder puv “eotTIsyY uZAON Fo syaed ‘adoang Fo ySOW UT Sand50 }I *saeoh yeorq}no ut oseuep snofdes pesneo sey it eseym ‘6PET O0UTS ‘epeueg ‘81009 BAON UT UMOUY Useq Sey ej,eunigq Bie ,ydotedg ‘“SJYSTT 0} pe}zoVIIVe ST OTeU OY} ‘1O,UTM 94} UT SAT}OV ose S1INpy ‘UMoZq yYaIep ST peoy {epts yove Suo,te sedt4zys moT{eA g pue sUTT TeSsOp yYIep & UTM Users ‘3uoT yout suo 4noqe ST VAAeT UMOAS-T[NF oy, “UOTETTOFep ajetTduoo esneo uvo Asyy, “Sutads oy, Sutsinp Spoompszey 1tey}O UO YJOW JONUIAA pue spaevyoro ur seer}, FO SaeAveT pue YINIZ ‘Spnq UO psay oBAIET ° SLS4d JiddW 3SaHL UOi NOO'1 ey ik Pec ties " SLIM F S0yaae + MEM Anna HG TONEY sa ‘ae T OF 74 Ww ) (= ae if MSG Net Nan td, 198 BoCooperatW 6-65) % ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT. x Baad by PLANT PEST CONTROL DIVISION , AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE PLANT PEST CONTROL DIVISION SURVEY AND DETECTION OPERATIONS The Cooperative Economic Insect Report is issued weekly as a service to American Agriculture. Its contents are compiled from information supplied by cooperating State, Federal, and industrial entomologists and other agricultural workers. In releasing this material the Division serves as a clearing house and doesnot assume responsibility for ac- curacy of the material. All reports and inquiries pertaining to this release, including the mailing list, should be sent to; Survey and Detection Operations Plant Pest Control Division Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Federal Center Building Hyattsville, Maryland 20782 Volume 18 June 14, 1968 Number 24 COOPERATIVE ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT HIGHLIGHTS Current Conditions ARMY CUTWORM damage widespread on small grains in southwest North Dakota. ARMYWORM damage severe to young corn in Montgomery County, Virginia; CORN EARWORM damage serious in South Carolina. (p. 509). EUROPEAN CORN BORER moths increasing in Michigan and emerging rapidly in Hudson Valley of New York. (p. 510). BEET ARMYWORM damaging grain sorghum and alfalfa in Lea County, New Mexico; heavy on cotton in areas of Texas; and damage heavy On sugarbeets in Cochise County, Arizona. (pp. 511, 516, 517, 519). ALFALFA WEEVIL problem intensifies in Michigan; numbers increasing in Vermont and Colorado. (pp. 513-514). TARNISHED PLANT BUG heavy on alfalfa in Maine and on red clover in southwest Missouri. (p. 515). BOLL WEEVIL adult emergence very heavy in southern Georgia. (p. 516). THRIPS damage heavy in cotton in western Tennessee. (p. 518). CABBAGE MAGGOT of concern in Michigan. (p. 520). First CODLING MOTH adults of season in Cache County, Utah. (p. 521). LESSER PEACH TREE BORER increasing in central and southern New Jersey. (p. 522). BLACK HILLS BEETLE damage higher than in past few years in Larimer County, Colorado. (p. 526). PERIODICAL CICADA emerging rapidly in western Pennsylvania. (p. 528). CEREAL LEAF BEETLE found for first time in Kentucky. (p. 531). WHITE-FRINGED BEETLES heavy on peanuts in Stewart County, Georgia. (p. 533). Detection @) A COCKROACH reported in Florida; first record for United States. (p. 525). New State records include APPLE TWIG BORER in Oregon (p. 523); a WEEVIL in Virginia and a PIT SCALE in Florida (p. 525); BROWN RECLUSE SPIDER in North Carolina (p. 530); CEREAL LEAF BEETLE in Kentucky (p. 531). For new county records see page 533. Predictions ALFALFA WEEVIL expected to be severe in Vermont. (p. 513). Complete defoliation by FOREST TENT CATERPILLAR expected in International Falls area of Minnesota. (p. 527). Special Reports @ Detection Reminder - Look for these Chafers. (p. 536). Measuring and Reporting Insect Infestations. (pp. 537-538). Reports in this issue are for week ending June 7 unless otherwise indicated. OOM i = 508 - CONTENTS Special Insects of Regional Significance... 2 ss. ccs = S0000DDDSGCOODCSS 509 Insects Affecting Corn, Sorghum, Sugarcane.......... 510 CONES, COIS coocoac000 elcucvonsnetens Scone oa) Smal Grakinsis . sy-velievere sil vowel welt oeyeuer ere 512 Curncubsastsky ren BE COO LOIOO.O Ooo 520 Turf, Pastures, apec ease cootog0n0 512 General Vegetables......... OOOO 00 OME Forage Legumes..... pOoboo oC OD ODDDN -o13 Deciduous Fruits and Nuts.........o21 Soybeans..... S000 DUCOOOOONDN 9000000 516 Citrus. sPoliotlelciciiclodel tele oickcloienenei-e aera PEANUESIo are eienetenel aememenete elleveda ton eonslchereE N's 516 Small PROUtSS Sc lo lens (COME G G000 01 OOOO BOLO IO-0'O 0 aie LO OrnalmentallSieeieusteues) olceteveous) ciomennpenienet 525 RODAGC Onmeienenleneenercieaie aodocagC Sb 0 6 Mls) Forest and Shade Trees............026 Sugarbeets..... G0 eG DDC OOOO OC 960000 519 ManiwandipAnsimablisieveucielecicielel senor 5000 0BY) Miscellaneous Field Crops..... 60.0 GOUle) Households and Structures....... 5 oes!) Potatoes, Tomatoes, Peppers....... 519 Stored SProduGeSeyerereic sere ekerenene cocoaD 530 Beans and Peas...... Gob eoo ooo OO OS 520 Beneficial Insects............. Soo00cDOoUE So0000000 oo00000 shclreleleiicncl tetenen ce Sob 000 0am Federal and State Plant DRotection PrOSCTrAMSretepereystener ers OO 00.00010 sicletel sel shcl leper eee insect DecectHonere cyst 5 O0000 g000bCODDODODNN oODDDoDOD OOO OG eis) ey ee hclicicel avellet eveneneretenet eee Hawarie eInSeCit (REDO. cretelelerehenelel ste lone 0.060.010 Bret everene SOO OOo SOO00DDDODDDCODODO OOOO SOS 534 CCIMCOEIOMNE 5 Gog0 CO ODK ODO ODO G0ODOGGD0000 o000000 S000000C ckeksteucked hel nee «ells custo tater OSA: Lich tearkrap COPE tOnSisccyepereie elevet-venelchen-\ehe pode ao ge Hho OOD bOdOOOOGOODOODOC KO Q00CS 535 Look for these Chafers. ...0.0.. Biel -ieleneucnetehcnehercickelcll enencion seen edicts Wlellerel spece sherehevel cele Pete Oo.O Measuring Insect Infestation and "Preparation of eNotes: shor Gbhe CE UR rr cictehehenene 2 00, WEATHER OF THE WEEK ENDING JUNE 10 HIGHLIGHTS: Hot summer weather prevailed over most of mid-America. It was cooler Over the West and Southeast. The heaviest rains fell along Texas' middle coast and in the Southeast. PRECIPITATION: Showers in the Northwest at the beginning of the week spread east- ward across the northern Rockies to the Great Plains bringing 1- to 3-inch totals to most of Montana, Wyoming, and the Dakotas. Generally light rains fell in the Great Basin except for a few spots in northern Nevada and Utah which received heavy showers. Over 4 1/2 inches fell at Ogden, Utah. Heavy showers fell along Texas' middle coastal plain early in the week and in the central Great Plains over the weekend. Tornadoes occurred in Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, Minnesota, and Illinois over the weekend. Damage was not extensive. More than 5 inches of rain in northeastern Kansas caused local flash flooding. A 3-week rainy period from Illinois to Ohio ended on June 3 and the weather in those States and south- ward to the central portions of Mississippi and Alabama received no rain through- out the week. Tropical Storm Abby soaked the Florida Peninsula at midweek causing much local flooding but little wind damage. Abby, moving northward, dropped heavy rains in parts of Georgia, most of South Carolina, and in the mountains in western North Carolina. Showers fell early and late in the week from Maryland to New England. TEMPERATURE: Temperatures averaged near or Slightly below normal over most of the West. The Southeast was also cooler than normal due to overcast skies and rainy weather associated with Tropical Storm Abby. The Great Plains, the Great Lakes region, the Northeast, and the South Central were warmer than normal. Temperatures over much of this large area climbed to the 90's on several days. Mott and Jamestown, North Dakota, registered 100°on the third. A large area from central Nebraska to northern Lower Michigan averaged 10° to 15° warmer than normal. In the Northeast, this was the warmest week since mid-April. (Summary supplied by Environmental Data Service, ESSA.) = 509)-— SPECIAL INSECTS OF REGIONAL SIGNIFICANCE ARMY CUTWORM (Chorizagrotis auxiliaris) - NORTH DAKOTA - Damage widespread on spring grains in southwest area. Damage most severe in Hettinger, Bowman, Slope, and Golden Valley Counties; up to 100 percent damage. Numerous fields treated and reseeded. Damaged fields recovered where controls applied in time. Larvae active since week of April 22; below normal temperatures and moisture retarded develop- ment and prolonged feeding. Up to 5 per square foot in untreated fields in Hettinger County. (Brandvik, Toczek). COLORADO - This and Agrotis orthogonia damaging lawns in Arapahoe County. (Sullivan). IDAHO - Ranged up to 24 per Square foot over 100,000 acres in Lincoln, Blaine, and Minidoka County rangeland May 24. Control expected on 12,000 acres in Laidlaw Park area. (Evans). ARMYWORM (Pseudaletia unipuncta) - DELAWARE - Larvae feeding on cereals and corn in eastern Sussex County. (Kelsey). VIRGINIA - Third and fourth instars causing severe damage to young corn in Montgomery County; damage to sod-planted corn most severe. Much damage to cultivated corn. (Hepler et al.). ILLINOIS - Averaged 0.3 per linear foot on wheat in central district, 0.1 in west-southwest district. Low numbers may be due to warm weather and parasitism. (Ill. Ins. Rpt.). High, 6-8 per row foot, in some lodged spots. Some controls and head cutting reported. (Ins. Sur. Bull.). MICHIGAN - Gravid females 50+ percent. (Janes). KANSAS - None in wheat in Sedgwick, Sumner, Butler, Cowley, Chautauqua, or Elk Counties.(Simpson) . ASTER LEAFHOPPER (Macrosteles fascifrons) - MICHIGAN - Continues light in State. (Bath). WISCONSIN - Little change; moving into more succulent oatfields. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MINNESOTA - Ranged from trace on small grain and alfalfa in west- central and northwest districts to 20-40 per 100 sweeps in central and east-central districts. Up to 400 (averaged 20-30) per 100 sweeps in few fields in southwest district. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). BEET LEAFHOPPER (Circulifer tenellus) - IDAHO - First adults of season April 21; 98 percent females. Controls applied May 20 and 21 to 14,288 acres in Elmore, Owyhee, and Jerome Counties where numbers averaged 35-60 per square foot. Some hatching in progress. (Evans). COLORADO - Light, 0.2-0.4 per square foot, in thinned sugarbeets in Mesa, Delta, and Montrose Counties as of May 29; up to 0.8 per square foot in some unthinned fields. Most sugarbeets in 4 to 6-leaf stage. (Bulla). CORN EARWORM (Heliothis zea) - SOUTH CAROLINA - Damaging corn in most counties May 28; damage Serious in many counties. First brood in Dillon County. Damaging corn in many counties June 4; pupation complete and no new damage to early planted corn. (Thomas). GEORGIA - Light to moderate on corn in whorls and light on peanuts in southern area. (French). CORN LEAF APHID (Rhopalosiphum maidis) - KANSAS - Colonies present on 15-20 percent of corn plants in fields checked in Sedgwick, Sumner, and Cowley Counties; aphids 3-10 per infested plant. (Simpson). OKLAHOMA - Medium in 18 to 24-inch sorghum in Stephens County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). ARIZONA - Light on most sorghum in Maricopa, Pinal, and Cochise Counties. Heavy in 5-acre field near Queen Creek; growing tips yellowing. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). GREENBUG (Schizaphis graminum) - MINNESOTA - Noneconomic numbers expected in east-central, central, southwest, west-central, and northwest districts. Ranged zero to trace in all districts surveyed. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). NEBRASKA - Remains economic on sorghum in east and southeast areas. Counts per 3-inch plant ranged 0-25 (average 10) in Otoe County field and 160-175 in 2 Saunders County fields. (Keith, Doryland). KANSAS - Occasional aphid feeding in cornfield adjacent to wheat in Sumner County; no apparent damage. (Simpson). PAINTED LADY (Vanessa cardui) - IOWA - Larvae very abundant in many counties; feeding on cocklebur and thistle and damaging soybeans in some locations. (Iowa. Ins. Sur.). NEBRASKA - First-brood larvae nearing full growth in south- east area; disease increasing. (Keith, Rai). NEW MEXICO - Moderately heavy in flower gardens in Albuquerque area, Bernalillo County. (Heninger). Light on chrysanthemums at Las Cruces, Dona Ana County. (Durkin). am POTATO LEAFHOPPER (Empoasca fabae) - INDIANA - Adults 1-7 per sweep on 6 to 16- inch second-growth alfalfa in Southern districts. (Huber). MICHIGAN - Increasing to 31-54 per 200 sweeps in alfalfa in State. (Janes, June 3). WISCONSIN - Few adults only in field margins in southwestern area alfalfa. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). NEBRASKA - Adults light, 1-3 per 100 sweeps, on alfalfa in Dawson County. (Manglitz). POTATO PSYLLID (Paratrioza cockerelli) - COLORADO - Eggs increasing from 0-3 to 0-8 per leaf and adults from 10-30 to 100-200 per 100 sweeps on Lycium in Gilcrest area, Weld County. Eggs not increasing on potatoes; adults present. (Johnson). SPOTTED ALFALFA APHID (Therioaphis maculata) - VIRGINIA - Several collected in alfalfa field in Montgomery County. (PienkKowski, June 5). ARKANSAS - Survey negative in Lafayette County. (Boyer). WISCONSIN - Averaged 2-4 per sweep in some Columbia County alfalfa; buildup slower than pea aphid. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). SOUTH DAKOTA - Light, 4 per 100 sweeps, on alfalfa east of Hayes, Stanley County. (Jones). NEBRASKA - Ranged 6-10 per 100 sweeps in Dawson County. (Manglitz). KANSAS - Surveys negative in alfalfa checked in south-central and southeast districts. (Simpson). WYOMING - Collected from alfalfa field north of Basin, Big Horn County, for a new county record. (Burkhardt). NEW MEXICO - Ranged 10-30+ per 30 trifoliate leaves in Chaves County alfalfa. (Mathews). None found in alfalfa in Albuquerque area, Bernalillo County. (Heninger). TOBACCO BUDWORM (Heliothis virescens) - FLORIDA - Larvae moderate, one per 4 plants, in 35-acre field of flue-cured tobacco at Jasper, Hamilton County. Det. by J. Strayer. (Strayer, May 31). TOBACCO HORNWORM (Manduca sexta) - FLORIDA - First instars heavy in tobacco research plots at Gainesville, Alachua County. Det. by J. Strayer. (Strayer, May 31). CORN, SORGHUM, SUGARCANE EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) - NEW YORK - Moths emerging rapidly May 31 to June 3 in Hudson Valley; hatch on earliest corn expected June 6. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt.). NEW JERSEY - Hatched egg mass on sweet corn noted near Mt. Holly June 3. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). DELAWARE - Adults averaged 4 per night in black- light trap in Sussex County. (Burbutis). GEORGIA - Light to moderate in corn in Tift County. (Young). OHIO - First adult of season in Wayne County June 3. (Barry). Emergence in progress in central area; several collected in blacklight trap. (Rose). MICHIGAN - Moths increasing; males much more numerous than females. (Janes, June 4). INDIANA - Adults throughout southern third of State. Ninety percent of corn in southeast and south-central district less than 10 inches extended height; many plants not emerged. Ten percent of southwest district fields 28-34 inches high; egg masses averaged 1 per 50 plants. No egg masses on corn less than 28 inches high. (Huber). ILLINOIS - Moth emergence complete in southern section; emergence 40 percent in central section, just beginning in northern section. Damage potential to few fields by first generation greatest in west- central, west, and west-southwest sections where overwintering populations highest. (Ins. Sur. Bull.). MISSOURI - Larval feeding damage on 20 percent of plants in early planted cornfield in southwest area; moths present. (Munson). MINNESOTA - Pupation of overwintering larvae begun in southern half of State. Averaged 20 percent in southwest and east-central districts and just begun in central and west- central districts. Mortality high in west-central district. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). LESSER CORNSTALK BORER (Elasmopalpus lignosellus) - SOUTH CAROLINA - Damaged corn in Dillon County; 4-5 acres destroyed. (Thomas, May 28). = 511 - STALK BORER (Papaipema nebris) - NEBRASKA - Third instars active on ragweed in Franklin County. (Keith). Damaging border rows in 3 cornfields in Douglas and Seward Counties. Controls may be necessary. (Andersen). KANSAS - Infesting 25 percent of corn plants in border rows next to weeds in Cowley County field. Damage to infested plants severe. (Simpson). MISSOURI - Larvae in marginal corn rows throughout State. (Munson). BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) - NEW MEXICO - Appearing in corn and grain sorghum in Albuquerque area, Bernalillo County. (Williams, Durkin). Causing much damage to seedling grain sorghum stands in Lea County. (Gilstrap, Durkin). ARIZONA - Controls necessary on sorghum in Kansas Settlement area, Cochise County. Larvae averaged 2 per plant. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). FALL ARMYWORM (Spodoptera frugiperda) - ALABAMA - First larval generation in 1968 light and spotted in whorls of corn in southern Mobile County. (Bolton, Seibels). YELLOW-STRIPED ARMYWORM (Prodenia ornithogalli) - DELAWARE - First adults of season June 1 in blacklight trap in Sussex County. (Burbutis). CUTWORMS - WISCONSIN - Damage from cutworm complex to corn seedlings in Outagamie, Waupaca, WausShara, and Sauk Counties. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). VERMONT - Very active on corn during wet weather. (MacCollom, June 3). A SOD WEBWORM (Crambus mutabilis) - VIRGINIA - Killed or severely damaged 65 per- cent of seedlings in 5-acre cornfield in Cumberland County; field previously in sod. (Allen). SOUTHERN CORN ROOTWORM (Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi) - INDIANA - First adults on corn in southern districts. Adults skeletonized leaf tips; averaged 1 per 50 plants in few south-central and southwest district fields. (Huber). FLEA BEETLES - MINNESOTA - Feeding light on seedling corn in Scott and Rice Counties. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). INDIANA - Adults 0-4 per plant on southern district corn; feeding light on lower leaves. (Huber). VIRGINIA - Chaetocnema pulicaria damaged 60-70 percent of plants in sod-planted cornfield in southern Rockbridge County; adults uncommon. (Woodside, May 29). SEED-CORN BEETLE (Agonoderus lecontei) - ILLINOIS - Continues to damage stands of newly emerging Corn in northern half of State. GELS inspite WIREWORMS - GEORGIA - Heavy in corn in Morgan County. (Lamb, May 31). NEBRASKA - Damaged corn on newly broken pastureland near Franklin, Franklin, County. Less than 5 percent of stand lost. (Congrove, Keith). WYOMING - Larvae, 1-4 per seedling, destroying corn stands over large acreages; 600 acres to be replanted. Treatments in progress. (Burkhardt, Ferkovich). IDAHO - Limonius californicus and Aeolus mellillus general in cornfield at Oakley, Cassia County. L. californicus reduced stand in 2-acre cornfield at Hansen, Twin Falls County. (Mink et al.). SEED-CORN MAGGOT (Hylemya platura) - MICHIGAN - Continues to cause concern in State. (Wallner, June 4). SLUGS (Deroceras spp.) - OHIO - Up to one Deroceras sp. per plant (heavy) on young corn in Morrow and Wayne Counties. (Barry). Injured field corn in Knox County. (Hastings, Blair). Feeding on sweet corn and other garden crops in Wayne County. (Glass, Rings). WASHINGTON - D. reticulatum damage 75 percent in several fields of sweet corn at Vancouver, Clark County. (Shanks, May 31). = 912 - SMALL GRAINS ENGLISH GRAIN APHID (Macrosiphum avenae) - OHIO - Ranged 21-693 per 50 sweeps (average 164) in 12 wheat and oat fields in northwestern area. Generally non- economic on small grains in 1968. (Rose). WISCONSIN - Ranged from 14 per sweep in Dane and Columbia Counties to 40 per sweep in northeastern Iowa County. Averaged 5 per sweep in western and southwestern counties. Nymphs averaged 2-3 per rye head. Heads in flowering stage. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MINNESOTA - Non- economic numbers expected in east-central, central, southwest, west-central, and northwest districts. Ranged from trace to 20 per row foot. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). TARNISHED PLANT BUG (Lygus lineolaris) - VIRGINIA - Adults 25 per 100 sweeps in oatfield in Powhatan County. (Allen). FALSE CHINCH BUGS (Nysius spp.) - UTAH - Mostly N. ericae, moderate in wheat in Salt Lake and Tooele Counties. (Knowlton, May 31). SOUTHERN CORN ROOTWORM (Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi) - VIRGINIA - First adult of season in oats in Powhatan County. Allen). WIREWORMS - NORTH DAKOTA - Scattered infestations and damage continue throughout State. Counts per square foot by county: Morton 3; Foster, up to 4 in several fields; Benson, 2 in one field; Wells, less than one. Damaging in Barnes, La Moure, Logan, and Golden Valley Counties. Wireworms 3-5 inches below soil sur- face; expected to move down into soil with warmer temperatures. (Brandvik, Kaatz) . THRIPS - VIRGINIA - Damage varies in wheat in Charlotte, Appomattox, Powhatan, Prince Edward, Cumberland, and Buckingham Counties; thrips 4-17 per head. Damage in up to 50 percent of heads in some fields (up to 15 percent of kernels in each head). (Allen, Smith). WHEAT STEM SAWFLY (Cephus cinctus) - NORTH DAKOTA - Pupation complete in Morton County; 30 percent adults. No adult emergence from stems. (Brandvik, Toczek). BROWN WHEAT MITE (Petrobia latens) - UTAH - Damage continues over much dryland wheat in Monticello area of San Juan County; controls applied. (Jones, Knowlton, May 31). TURF, PASTURES, RANGELAND GREAT BASIN TENT CATERPILLAR (Malacosoma fragile) - OREGON - Very heavy on bitter- brush again in 1968 in Klamath County; numerous brush patches completely defoliated along 30 miles between Sun Pass and Chemult. Mostly penultimate instar and few beginning to migrate. Little evidence of virus killing June 6. (Westcott, Goeden). FALSE CHINCH BUG (Nysius ericae) - MISSOURI - Heavy in nurseries in southwest area where pepper grass common. (Munson). A MEALYBUG (Heterococcus sp.) - ARIZONA - Treatments ineffective on seed Bermuda grass on Arizona Island, Yuma County. GCArizee Coop, (Suir). A SOFT SCALE (Pulvinaria iceryi) - FLORIDA - Taken on Pensacola Bahia grass on experiment station at Ona, Hardee County. (Dantzman, May 28). This is first Florida Division of Plant Industry record for pasture grass in State. (Dekle). THRIPS (Chirothrips spp.) - ARIZONA - Heavy enough in Bermuda grass seed fields to require treatments from Yuma Valley to Roll Valley in Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). = 513 - FORAGE LEGUMES ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - MAINE - Adults active in mid-May; 10-32 per 100 sweeps. Larvae increasing by late May; Some second instars causing tip injury. Heaviest in York County and southern Cumberland and Oxford Counties. (Boulanger , May 31). VERMONT - Hatch slow to June 3; severe infestations indicated for most of State. Adults 20 per 5 sweeps (larvae numerous) in Bennington County and 7 per 10 sweeps (eggs numerous, occaSional larvae) in Shelburne, Chittenden County, May 29. Parasite releases made at Shoreham and Ferrisburg May 29, Shelburne May 30, and North Hero and South Hero June 1. Larvae currently increasing rapidly in all areas. Larvae 10-30 and adults 1-2 per sweep; fresh egg laying on most stems. Parasite colony (Bathyplectes curculionis) released at Waitsfield June 6. (MacCollom). MASSACHUSETTS - Average per 100 Sweeps May 26-31 by county: Essex, adults 9 and larvae 4 in one field; -Plymouth, adults 14.5 and larvae 4.5 in 2 fields; Bristol, adults 18 and larvae 285 in 5 fields; Middlesex, adults 15 and larvae 62.5 in 2 fields. (Miller). CONNECTICUT - Adults averaged 74 and larvae ranged 200-250 per 100 sweeps at Storrs, Tolland County; egg masses averaged 11 per 25 stems. Tip damage 30 percent. Alfalfa growth 16-18 inches. (Savos, June 4). PENNSYLVANIA - Many pupae in Dauphin County. Larvae moderately heavy but below 1966 peak. (Hower). NEW JERSEY - Much late feeding noted due to delay in alfalfa cutting; first crop harvested in many northern and central areas June 4-5. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). OHIO - Warm weather and improved drying conditions since June 2 permitted progress in harvest of first-growth alfalfa. Numerous fields through western and northwestern areas cut or being cut. Economic populations eliminated in most fields where recommended insecticides applied. Occasional "frosted" field indicated damage potential existed in western and northwestern areas in 1968. Larvae 108-146 per sweep in 3 heavily damaged fields in Van Wert, Wood, and Ashland Counties; foliage losses up to 80 percent. Larvae 1-15 per sweep in other fields; little damage. Pupation begun in northwestern counties. (Rose). Control results variable in Wayne, Holmes, Ashland, and Medina Counties. Some fields sprayed twice to obtain effective control. Damaging populations on stubble expected where controls difficult in first cutting. (Glass). Nearly all fields sprayed or to be sprayed in Medina County. Rains following applica- tion responsible for some decreased effectiveness. (Thoburn). Aerial sprays necessary due to wet soil in Huron County last period; numbers variable.(Wells). MICHIGAN - Problem intensifies (Ruppel et al.); parasites released in Monroe, Lenawee, Washtenaw, Jackson, Hillsdale, Branch, and Calhoun Counties June 4. (Stehr). INDIANA - Alfalfa cut for first time in most fields June 1-7 due to very wet, cool May. Warm, sunny conditions this period increased larval activity in northern districts and damaging populations throughout northeastern and north-central districts. "Silver tipping" in many fields where larvae averaged 25-30 per sweep. All instars present; damage heaviest on 1 and 2-year-— old alfalfa. (Lehker). Larvae ranged 2-12 (average 4) per Sweep on second- growth alfalfa in few fields cut during mid-May in southern districts. (Huber). ILLINOIS - Peak of damage about over. Larvae averaged 275 per 100 sweeps in central district. (111. Ins. Rpt.). Some spraying of new growth of second crop may be needed. Larvae 20-30 percent parasitized. (Ins. Sur. Bull.). WISCONSIN - Infested 5 fields in 9 stops in Kenosha County. Counts per 50 sweeps averaged 13 in one field and 15 in another. One adult in one field, nearly all full-grown larvae in 4 other fields. Larvae in one Rock County field. Damaged one per 10 terminals in 50 plants examined. Negative (2 stops) in Dane County, (1 stop) in Jefferson County, (3 stops) in Racine County, and (6 stops) in Walworth County. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). ARKANSAS - Adults 100 and larvae 300 per 100 sweeps in probably untreated field in Lafayette County; much mating. Adults 8-10 per 100 sweeps in 2 other fields in same area. (Boyer). MISSOURI - Collected in Hickory County for a new county record. (Munson). IOWA - Collected in southeast corner of Cedar County for a new county record. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). NEBRASKA - Larvae 52 per 100 sweeps in alfalfa 11 miles northeast of Hayes Center, Hayes County. This a new county record. (Keith). Counts per 100 sweeps by county: Dawson - larvae 6-197 (average 84.8), adults 0.3 in Gothenburg and Cozad area and larvae 0-45 (average 10), adults light in Overton and Lexington area; Custer - larvae 30-40 in southern area. Undetected in Valley and Sherman Counties. (Manglitz). SOUTH DAKOTA - Adults - 514 - continue to increase near Spearfish, Lawrence County; 122 per 100 sweeps com- pared with 64 previous period. First and second instars 10-15 per 100 sweeps (light). Alfalfa growth 8-12 inches. (Jones). COLORADO - Increasing in State. Counts per 100 sweeps in alfalfa by county: Boulder - larvae 200-500 and adults 50-100 in Boulder area (controls applied); Weld - larvae 100-150, adults 0-10 in Severance and Gilcrest area and larvae 250-300, adults 0-50 in Prospect Valley; Mesa and Delta - 300-1,000 with damage evident. No weevils in field in Bethune area, Kit Carson County. Controls applied in heaviest infested fields. (Johnson, Bulla). NEW MEXICO - Adults ranged 1-3 and larvae 50-300 per 25 sweeps in alfalfa in Albuquerque area, Bernalillo County. (Heninger). WYOMING - Adults and larvae ranged 23-120 (average 58) per 10 sweeps in alfalfa in Washakie and Big Horn Counties May 29-30. (Burkhardt, Ferkovich). Current counts per 10 sweeps in alfalfa by county: Johnson, adults 32 and larvae 5; Big Horn, adults 11 and larvae 103; Washakie, adults 4 and larvae 278. Alfalfa growth 12-16 inches in Johnson County and 18-30 inches in Big Horn and Washakie Counties. (Burkhardt et al.). UTAH - Larvae 30-55 per 25 sweeps at Richmond, Cache County. (Knowlton). IDAHO - Adults up to 2 per sweep in 2 fields in Nezperce, Lewis County, May 31. First instars (95 percent) on 60 percent of terminals in one field. Alfalfa growth 10 inches; harvest expected in 4 weeks. (Dailey, Portman). WASHINGTON - Larvae 1-3 per sweep on hairy vetch and clover at Pullman, Whitman County. (Johansen). Larvae and adults causing light damage in areas infested in 1967 in Ellensburg, Kittitas County; eggs present. No new area infested by May 31. (Klostermeyer). NEVADA - Larvae 10-15 per sweep in alfalfa seed fields and up to 40 per sweep in hay fields in Orovada, Humboldt County. Damage evident. Populations and counts may be higher as many small larvae present and surveys made in rainy weather. (Lauderdale, Lundahl). Larvae averaged 50 and adults 1 per sweep in 2 seed fields in Reno, Washoe County. Mating pairs and gravid females present. (Bechtel). CLOVER LEAF WEEVIL (Hypera nigrirostris) - NEBRASKA - Adults light, 14 per 60 sweeps, on red clover in Otoe County field. (Keith, Rai). CLOVER HEAD WEEVIL (Hypera meles) - MISSOURI - Collected in Benton, Hickory, McDonald, and Miller Counties. These are new county records. (Munson). CLOVER SEED WEEVIL (Miccotrogus picirostris) - WASHINGTON - First adults collect- ed on clover May 27 at Pullman, Whitman County. (Johansen). PEA APHID (Acyrthosiphon pisum) - MICHIGAN - Noneconomic but increasing; 7-20 per sweep. (Janes). WISCONSIN -— Ranged 50-200 per sweep on nearly all alfalfa in Iowa, Grant, Crawford, Vernon, Trempealeau, and La Crosse Counties; lighter, 2-3 per sweep, in northern Dane and Columbia Counties. Disease, parasitism, and numerous alates evident in heavily infested fields. Predators averaged up to 3 per sweep in some cases. Alfalfa being cut. Aphids on oats averaged 3-6 per sweep in areas where seedling alfalfa infested. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). IOWA - Averaged 175+ per 10 sweeps on alfalfa in east-central area. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). NEBRASKA - Light, 200-400 per 100 sweeps, on alfalfa in Dawson County. (Manglitz). Very light, 35 per 60 sweeps, in alfalfa field near Lincoln, Lancaster County. (Keith, Peterson). KANSAS - None found on alfalfa.in Sedgwick, Sumner, Cowley, Butler, and Chautauqua Counties. (Simpson). ARKANSAS - Decreased to less than 100 per 100 sweeps in alfalfa in southwest area. (Boyer). OKLAHOMA - Ranged 0-10 per 10 sweeps in 15 alfalfa fields in northeast area; probably controlled by numerous predators and parasites. Aphids averaged 100 per 10 sweeps in alfalfa field in Cotton County May 29. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). COLORADO - Counts per 100 sweeps in alfalfa ranged 100-300 (light) in Delta and Mesa Counties and 0-5,000 in Boulder, Weld, Morgan, Washington, Larimer, Kit Carson, and Logan Counties; 4,000-5,000 (heaviest) in Platteville area, Weld County. None found in Bethune area, Kit Carson County. (Bulla, Johnson). WYOMING - Averaged 198 per 10 sweeps in alfalfa in Washakie and Big Horn Counties May 29-30. (Burkhardt, Ferkovich). Current counts per 10 sweeps by county; Johnson 69; Big Horn 283; Washakie 120. (Burkhardt et al.). ARIZONA - Counts per 100 sweeps averaged 110 (light) at Dome Valley, Yuma County, and 120 in Cochise County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). NEVADA - Ranged 10-25 per sweep in alfalfa hay and seed fields in Orovada, = BS s Humboldt County. (Hilbig et al.). WASHINGTON - Ranged 2-5 per sweep in Touchet and Walla Walla, Walla Walla County, May 31; no damage evident. First crop alfalfa being cut. (Featherston). Currently averaged 20 per sweep in untreated alfalfa seed field and 0-2 per sweep in fields treated in late May at Touchet, Walla Walla County. (Johansen). MEADOW SPITTLEBUG (Philaenus spumarius) - OHIO - First adults of season in north- western area alfalfa June 4. (Rose). INDIANA - Adults 43-163 per sweep on south- east district alfalfa and red clover; nymphs very heavy in these fields during May. Adults 8-87 per sweep on red clover in south-central and southwest dis- tricts. (Huber). WISCONSIN - Adults expected from most nymphs with wing pads in southern area alfalfa by end of week. Highest on sandy soils. High mortality expected with early cutting; curing will probably be impaired in heavily infested fields. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). IOWA - Nymphs averaged 10 per square foot of plant area in central section. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). MINNESOTA - Spittle masses on trace to 2 percent of stems in alfalfa in Anoka, Isanti, Wright, Carver, Scott, Hennepin, and Rice Counties. Economic level of 1 per stem not reached. First cutting begun, eliminating problem in State for season. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). THREE-CORNERED ALFALFA HOPPER (Spissistilus festinus) - ARIZONA - Counts per 100 sweeps ranged 30-300 in Yuma County and averaged 20 in Maricopa and Pinal Counties. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). LYGUS BUGS (Lygus spp.) - KANSAS - Ranged 8-15 per 10 sweeps in most alfalfa checked in southeast district. (Simpson). NEW MEXICO - Counts per 25 sweeps in alfalfa ranged 40-60 in Albuquerque area, Bernalillo County (Heninger), and 15- 30 in Roswell area, Chaves County (Mathews). Several alfalfa fields in southern Dona Ana County with 50+ adults and nymphs per 25 sweeps. (Eubank, Dickerson). ARIZONA - Average per 100 sweeps on alfalfa by county: Cochise 80, Maricopa 400, and Yuma 435. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). NEVADA - Mostly nymphs ranged 15-50 per sweep in alfalfa seed fields in Orovada, Humboldt County. Treatments in progress. (Hilbig, Lundahl). WYOMING - Averaged 4 per 10 sweeps in alfalfa in Johnson, Washakie, and Big Horn Counties. (Burkhardt et al.). WASHINGTON - L. hesperus and L. elisus nymphs averaged 0.2 and adults 1 per sweep in untreated alfalfa seed fields near Touchet, Walla Walla County; none in treated fields in late May. (Johansen). TARNISHED PLANT BUG (Lygus lineolaris) - MAINE - Heavy in most alfalfa in State; no damage evident. (Boulanger, May 31). IOWA - Averaged 4 per 10 sweeps on alfalfa in east-central area. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). MISSOURI - Mostly adults heavy, 5-63 per 10 sweeps, in red clover throughout southwest area. (Munson). OKLAHOMA - Ranged 3-10 per 10 sweeps in 15 alfalfa fields in northeast area. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). PLANT BUGS - OKLAHOMA - Adelphocoris rapidus 2 per 10 sweeps in alfalfa in Nowata County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). KANSAS - A. Llineolatus averaged 2-5 per 10 sweeps in alfalfa in Sedgwick, Sumner, Butler, Cowley, Elk, and Chautauqua Counties. (Simpson). NEBRASKA - Adelphocoris spp. increasing on alfalfa in eastern area. Nymphs 800 and adults 25 per 60 Sweeps in field near Lincoln, Lancaster County. (Keith, Peterson). IOWA - A. lineolatus averaged 20 per 10 sweeps on alfalfa in eaSt-central area. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). WISCONSIN - A. lineolatus, A. rapidus, and Lygus lineolaris heavy, 30 per sweep, in many western alfalfa fields; all 3 with wing pads. A. lineolatus development begun in Prairie du Chien area and Leptopterna dolabrata common in grassy alfalfa. Several Capsus. ater adults in some fields. Wis. Ins. Sur.). FALSE CHINCH BUGS (Nysius spp.) - UTAH - Mostly N. ericae moderate in alfalfa in alfalfa in Salt Lake and Tooele Counties. (Knowlton, May 31). ALFALFA CATERPILLAR (Colias eurytheme) - NEW MEXICO - Continues light in Bernalillo County alfalfa; larvae 3-4 per 25 sweeps. (Heninger). COLORADO - Larvae 0-10 per 100 sweeps in northeastern area. (Johnson). BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) - NEW MEXICO - Serious in seedling alfalfa in Lovington area, Lea County. (Gilstrap). Spotted in Chaves County alfalfa. (Mathews) . GREEN CLOVERWORM (Plathypena scabra) - OKLAHOMA - Averaged 3-5 per 10 sweeps in alfalfa in Washington, Nowata, and Tulsa Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). TWO-SPOTTED SPIDER MITE (Tetranychus urticae) - WASHINGTON - Severe in red clover and other field crops in Grant County. (Foeppel, Forster). SOYBEANS MEXICAN BEAN BEETLE (Epilachna varivestis) - SOUTH CAROLINA - Numerous in all fields from Columbia to coast May 28; defoliation of young soybeans 35+ percent in many cases. Adults up to 200-300 per 100 row feet in some fields. Controls effective. Numerous, especially in Sand Hill and coastal areas of State June 4; egg laying begun and some overwintering adults dying in early plantings. Adult emergence from hibernation light; peak emergence past. (Thomas). BEAN LEAF BEETLE (Cerotoma trifurcata) - ILLINOIS - Moving into newly emerging soybeans; feeding on leaves. Populations appear low; damage not severe. (Ins. Sur. Bull.). BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) - ARIZONA - Increased on seedlings at Bowie and Elfrida, Cochise County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). PEANUTS THRIPS - GEORGIA - Light to heavy in southern area. (French, May 31). COTTON BOLL WEEVIL (Anthonomus grandis) - GEORGIA - Adult emergence from hibernation very heavy in southern area. Punctured squares 50 percent in field in Seminole County, 5 percent in field in Worth County (French, Womack), and 34 percent in field in Early County (Cooper). TENNESSEE - Only few overwintered weevils found to June 7, all in southern tier of counties. (Locke). ALABAMA - Overwintered adults and damage on 10 farms in Henry and Houston Counties as high or higher than observed in several years. Most cotton in area fully fruiting with many fields blooming. Damaged 40-96 percent of squares in all fields. Heavy emergence of first-generation weevils expected about June 12 and for 15 or more days after. Overwintered weevils continue to enter these fields and damage squares by pollen feeding and egg laying. Infestation less than 10 percent on one Henry County farm; 2 treatments applied and another one due this period. Weevils ranged 300-1,200 per acre in Henry and Covington Counties. (Pike et al.). Only one overwintered weevil reported in northern area to June 7. (McQueen) . MISSISSIPPI - Light on seedling cotton in Pontotoc County; 200 per acre in Holmes County. (Dinkins). Single adult found in one of 26 fields checked in delta counties. Ten weevils in sex attractant traps making total of 29 weevils to June 7. (Pfrimmer et al.). ARKANSAS - Overwintered weevils expected to con- centrate on limited early cotton acreage. (Boyer, Barnes). LOUISIANA - Weevils found in 5 of 26 fields inspected in Madison Parish; 50 per acre in 4 fields, 100 per acre in one field. Total of 168 weevils collected from cages used in sex attractant test, 64 from wing traps, 16 from potted cotton plants, Total of 75 weevils collected from 5 wing traps installed May 21 on isolated island in Mississippi River where cotton grown in 1967. (Cleveland et al., June 6). TEXAS - Weevils found in 4 of 19 fields checked in McLennan and Falls Counties; averaged 8 per acre (maximum 82) compared with overall average of 105 per acre for corresponding week in 1967. Four weevils taken on flight screens; total to date 11 compared with 29 by June 7, 1967. In male sex attractant test, 7 weevils = Bile caught making total of 899 to date. (Cowan et al.). Two overwintered weevils detected in Mitchell County. (Almand, June 4). Report of Trapping of Overwintered Boll Weevils MISSISSIPPI - Numbers of overwintered boll weevils captured May 3-17 in wing traps (CEIR 18(20):430, 1968) baited with live male boll weevils were as follows: 453 in 67 traps along edges of fields planted to cotton in 1967 and 71 in 8 traps in wooded areas. Cotton planted and beginning to emerge in most areas. Since April 15,total of 710 overwintered boll weevils (53.4 percent males) have been captured. (Cross, Hardee). SOUTH CAROLINA - During period May 7-21, male boll weevils in wing traps placed adjacent to two fields in Darlington County and one field in Florence County have captured 1,106 overwintered boll weevils (54.1 percent males). First weevil (male) found in cotton field on May 17 in trap-crop planting in Florence County. Two male weevils on 150 row feet of cotton in fields at the Pee Dee Experiment Station, Florence, and one male and one female on 300 row feet of cotton in field in Darlington County. At that time cotton was 2-6 inches tall and in 2 to 6-leaf stage. (Roach, Taft). TEXAS - During period May 5-24, total of 128 overwintered boll weevils captured on wing traps baited with live male boll weevils in fields in Kent, Dickens, and Crosby Counties that were in 1967 reproduction-diapause control program. During same period 651 weevils captured in Stonewall and Glasscock Counties out- side treated area. Numbers of weevils captured by county: Crosby, zero on 6 traps in 1 field; Dickens, 5 on 34 traps in 3 of 4 fields; Kent, 123 on 307 traps in 5 of 5 fields; Glasscock, 41 on 24 traps in 4 of 8 fields; Stonewall, 610 on 30 traps in 1 field. Eighty of the 123 weevils reported for Kent County captured on 277 traps around 2 fields in one area selected for a detailed trapping study. Since initiation of trapping studies (CEIR 18(20) :416-417, 1968), 53.6 percent of weevils captured have been males. Cotton planted and beginning to emerge in most areas. (Hardee, Cross). BOLLWORMS (Heliothis spp.) - GEORGIA - Few eggs in Seminole County. (French). ALABAMA - Eggs plentiful on buds and young leaves on 10 farms examined in Henry and Houston Counties. Very few small larvae present as predators plentiful, except on one Henry County farm where larvae medium to heavy. Controls continue on this farm. (McQueen). MISSISSIPPI - No larvae found in 26 fields checked in delta counties. Eggs found in 10 fields; ranged 0.5-8.5 (average 2) per 100 terminals. (Pfrimmer et al.). ARKANSAS - Feeding evident on most cotton ter- minals in Phillips County field. (Barnes). TEXAS - Total of 4 H. zea eggs and 6 larvae found in 19 fields checked in McLennan and Falls Counties. Eggs and/or larvae collected on alfalfa, corn, Texas star, wild potato, Indian paintbrush, and phlox; 18 larvae previously collected on wild hosts determined as H. zea. Total of 210 H. zea determined from wild host plants to date. (Cowan et al.). BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) - TEXAS - Heavy in many areas of Cochran, Howard, Martin, Mitchell, Yoakum, and Southern Motley Counties; controls required in many cases. Light to medium in Lubbock, Motley, Lynn, and Crosby Counties. (Almand, June 4). ARIZONA - Decreased on cotton plants 12 inches high and hardened off. Larvae on young plants in most fields in Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). YELLOW-STRIPED ARMYWORM (Prodenia ornithogalli) - GEORGIA - Light in Bleckley County. (French). BLACK CUTWORM (Agrotis ipsilon) - MISSISSIPPI - Light in 30 fields in Washington County. (Dinkins). CABBAGE LOOPER (Trichoplusia ni) - ARIZONA - Remains problem on Cochise County cotton. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). = Bs) = GARDEN WEBWORM (Loxostege similalis) - TEXAS - Light in Mitchell County. (Almand, June 4). APHIDS - GEORGIA - Light in Seminole County. (French). ALABAMA - Aphis gossypii and other aphids extremely heavy, several hundred per plant, on 6 to 8-leaf cotton in field at Headland, Henry County. Cotton stunted in spite of many adults and larvae of several beneficial insects. (McQueen). NEW MEXICO - Occasional light infestation of Aphis craccivora reported on cotton in Tucumcari area, Quay County. (Powell). TARNISHED PLANT BUG (Lygus lineolaris) - ALABAMA - Adults light with few nymphs in all fields examined in Henry and HouSton Counties. (McQueen). MISSISSIPPI - Very low in 4 of 26 fields checked in delta counties. (Pfrimmer et al.). LOUISIANA - Averaged 18 (range 1-78) per 100 sweeps in Madison Parish. (Cleveland et al., June 6). LYGUS BUGS (Lygus spp.) - ARIZONA - Averaged 40 per 100 sweeps on 10 to 12-inch cotton in River Valley, Maricopa County. Ranged 1-5 per plant in Cochise County; controls made. Medium to heavy at Marana, Pima County; treatments contemplated. (Aritz Coop. Sur..)k. FLEAHOPPERS - TEXAS - Psallus seriatus averaged 1.1 (range 0-3) per 100 terminals in 7 treated fields in McLennan and Falls Counties; averaged 3.5 (range 0.5-10.1) per 100 terminals in 12 untreated fields. Counts per sweep averaged 59 in 5 fields of horsemint, 8.6 in one field of evening primrose, 7.4 in 2 fields of wild verbena. Counts per 100 plants averaged 13 in field of croton, 1.1 in 2 fields of wild potato, and 19 in field of black-eyed-susan. (Cowan et al.). ARIZONA - P. seriatus ranged 1-3 per plant in many Cochise County fields. (Kozloski). Spanogonicus albofasciatus necessitated controls in Roll Valley, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur). THRIPS - TENNESSEE - Continue problem over western area. Damage heavy in late- planted cotton. (Locke). ARKANSAS - Light, less than one per plant, in Lafayette County. (Boyer). Increasing in some areas of northeast area; moving from maturing plants. (Barnes). MISSISSIPPI - Light in 125 fields scattered over delta counties. (Dinkins). Injury heavy in 3 fields, medium in 2, and light in 4 of 9 fields of young cotton checked in delta counties. (Pfrimmer et al.). LOUISIANA - Remain light in Madison Parish. Infestation averaged 0.33 percent in 23 fields checked. (Cleveland et al., June 6). OKLAHOMA - Medium on cotton in Harmon County; controls underway. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). TEXAS - Light in Yoakum, Motley, Martin, and Cochran Counties; damaging in some areas of Crosby County. (Almand, June 4). Light in 4 treated and 11 untreated fields in McLennan and Falls Counties; medium in one untreated field. (Cowan et al.). ARIZONA - Frankliniella occidentalis averaged 1 per square in Salt River Valley, Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). TWO-SPOTTED SPIDER MITE (Tetranychus urticae) - ALABAMA - Light to medium over 52-acre field in Henry County. (McQueen). TOBACCO SOUTHERN GREEN STINK BUG (Nezara viridula) - FLORIDA - Numbers and terminal damage heavy in 35-acre field of flue-cured tobacco at Jasper. Det. by J. Strayer. Heavy on tobacco at experiment station in Gainesville. (Strayer, May ial) 4 TOBACCO FLEA BEETLE (Epitrix hirtipennis) - VIRGINIA - Light to heavy on newly set tobacco in Pittsylvania County. (Dominick, May 21). Damage light to heavy in Charlotte and Appomattox Counties; adults up to 2-3 per plant. (Allen). WIREWORMS - VIRGINIA - Medium in 3-acre field of newly set tobacco in Pittsylvania County. (Dominick, May 21). = Bl) = BUDWORMS - GEORGIA - Light to heavy in southern area. (French, May 31). CUTWORMS - VIRGINIA - Damage generally light to newly set tobacco in Pittsylvania County. (Dominick, May 31). SLUGS - WISCONSIN - Buildup on tobacco seedlings favored by wet conditions in Vilas County. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). SUGARBEETS SUGAR-BEET ROOT MAGGOT (Tetanops myopaeformis) - NORTH DAKOTA - Adults emerged in northern area°’of Red River Valley 2 weeks earlier than in 1967. Pupation 60 percent by June 6 compared with 40 percent by June 9, 1967. (Dogger). COLORADO - Eggs still in Weld, Larimer, and Boulder Counties; most adult population peaking or tapering off. (Alldredge). SPINACH LEAF MINER (Pegomya hyoscyami) - COLORADO - Eggs extensive on 50-100 per- cent of plants in Larimer, Boulder, and Weld Counties. (Johnson). BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) - ARIZONA - Larvae averaged 6 per plant at Cochise, Cochise County. Damage heavy to many fields; additional 300 acres plowed under. Controls applied. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). LYGUS BUGS (Lygus spp.) - ARIZONA - Ranged 4-10 per plant in most Cochise County fields. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). A PIT SCALE (Asterolecanium arabidis) - WASHINGTON - Damage moderate in large field at Harrah, Yakima County; controls required May 15. (Landis). WIREWORMS - WYOMING - Larvae, 1-4 per seedling, destroying stands over large acreages; 600 acres to be replanted. Treatments in progress. (Burkhardt, Ferkovich). A CARRION BEETLE (Silpha bituberosa) - WYOMING - Larval damage heavy to 10-acre field in Washakie County. (Parshall). MISCELLANEOUS FIELD CROPS TWO-SPOTTED SPIDER MITE (Tetranychus urticae) - WASHINGTON - General in peppermint. Building up unusually early. Controls in progress in Grant, Adams, and Yakima Counties. (Klostermeyer, May 31). POTATOES, TOMATOES, PEPPERS COLORADO POTATO BEETLE (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) - NEW JERSEY - Adults damaging young eggplant transplants near Lumberton, Burlington County; adults and egg masses on tomatoes in Gloucester and Burlington Counties June 4. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). VIRGINIA - Adults, eggs, and young larvae common on potatoes in Montgomery County. (Allen). COLORADO - Eggs and adults on potatoes in Gilcrest area, Weld County. (Johnson). IDAHO - Eggs very abundant on nightshade north of Notus, Canyon County, June 4. (Waters). TOMATO FRUITWORM (Heliothis zea) - ALABAMA - Larvae general in garden tomatoes in southern Mobile County. (Seibels, Bolton). ARIZONA - Controls applied to tomatoes in Yuma Valley, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). STALK BORER (Papaipema nebris) - GEORGIA - Heavy on tomatoes and peppers in Polk County. (Stowe, May 31). = 020) — CUTWORMS - VERMONT - Very active on tomatoes during wet weather. (MacCollom, June 3). WISCONSIN - Larvae of Peridroma saucia and Agrotis ipsilon damaged potato stalks and foliage in Spring Green area. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) - DELAWARE - Adults numerous in potatoes in Kent and Sussex Counties. (MacCreary, June 6). SPIDER MITES - GEORGIA - Heavy on Toombs County tomatoes. (Daniels). WASHINGTON - Tetranychus urticae severe on potatoes and other field crops in Grant County. (Foeppel, Forster). BEANS AND PEAS PEA APHID (Acyrthosiphon pisum) - WISCONSIN - Increased; many migrants on or moving to peas. Ranged from 2 per 10 sweeps in Trempealeau County to 14 per sweep in Dane and Columbia Counties. Alates and some nymphs on midseason peas of more concern; 2-3 per row foot on 1 to 2-inch peas. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). DELAWARE - Increasing in peas in Sussex County. (MacCreary, June 6). BEAN LEAF BEETLE (Cerotoma trifurcata) - DELAWARE - Present on early snap beans in Sussex County. (MacCreary, June 6). MISSISSIPPI - Light in 12 snap bean fields in Monroe County. (Dinkins). SEED-CORN MAGGOT (Hylemya platura) - MAINE - Heavy with severe damage to home garden beans in South Portland in late May; large planting destroyed. (Boulanger, May 31). SPIDER MITES - GEORGIA - Heavy on beans in Toombs County. (Daniels, May 31). SLUGS - WISCONSIN - Buildup on peas favored by wet conditions in Dane County. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). WASHINGTON - Deroceras reticulatum damage 75 percent to several fields of bush beans at Vancouver, Clark County. (Shanks, May 31). COLE CROPS CABBAGE MAGGOT (Hylemya brassicae) - MAINE - Abundant in southern area on unplowed 1967 cabbage stumps. Numbers indicate problem in 1968. (Boulanger, May 31). VERMONT - Severe on newly set cabbage and other crucifers in home gardens. (MacCollom). NEW YORK - Some larvae found on cabbage in Ontario County. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt., June 3). MICHIGAN - Continues to cause concern in State. (Wallner, June 4). WISCONSIN - Damage ranged less than 1 percent to 50+ percent on radish in Dane County, depending on time of planting. Some full-grown larvae past period. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). CABBAGE LOOPER (Trichoplusia ni) - FLORIDA - Heavy in very few late cabbage fields at Sanford; averaged 12 eggs and 5 larvae per plant. Fields treated once or twice a week. Some larvae infested by fungi and viruses. Det. by G.L. Greene. (Greene, May 29). OKLAHOMA - Larvae 8-25 per head throughout commercial cabbage planting in Tulsa County; averaged less than 1 per lettuce head in same field. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). MILLIPEDS - WISCONSIN - Infestation caused 80+ percent loss of radish crop at Dane County site. Wiaisty sins sistas) CUCURBITS STRIPED CUCUMBER BEETLE (Acalymma vittatum) - MAINE - Adults taken in South Gorham May 15. (Boulanger). DELAWARE -—-Adults common in blacklight trap collections in Sussex County. (Burbutis). MISSISSIPPI - Light in 47 cucumber fields in Monroe County. (Dinkins). = By SEED-CORN MAGGOT (Hylemya platura) - NEW YORK - Problem on cucumber despite controls in Suffolk County. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt., June 3). CUTWORMS - WISCONSIN - Damaged melon vines in Waushara, Richland, and Iowa Count- ies. (Wis. Ins. Sur.) SPIDER MITES - GEORGIA - Heavy on squash in Toombs County. (Daniels, May 31). GENERAL VEGETABLES ASPARAGUS BEETLE (Crioceris asparagi) - MAINE - Adults in Wells May 22; injury light to negligible. (Boulanger, May 31). VERMONT - Feeding heavy on spear tips in Burlington area. (MacCollom, June 3). VIRGINIA - Larvae abundant on asparagus in home garden in Montgomery County. (Allen). MICHIGAN - Adults, larvae, and eggs remain problem in many fields. (Thompson, June 4). IDAHO - Adults very abundant and laying eggs on asparagus in home gardens at Moscow, Latah County; adult damage minor. (Manis). SPOTTED ASPARAGUS BEETLE (Crioceris duodecimpunctata) - IDAHO - Adults common but ~ not abundant on asparagus in home gardens at Moscow, Latah County. (Manis). WIREWORMS - IDAHO - Destroyed 5-10 percent of lettuce stand in 4-acre field grown for seed north of Notus, Canyon County. (Waters). ONION MAGGOT (Hylemya antiqua) - MICHIGAN - Adults numerous and active in Gun Swamp and Pullman onion fields. Many full-grown larvae and damage scattered; no row "stripping" evident. (Wallner, June 4). SEED-CORN MAGGOT (Hylemya platura) - NEW YORK - Continues problem on lettuce in Orange County. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt., June 3). CUTWORMS - NEW MEXICO - More abundant than usual with much damage to: seedling vegetables in Farmington and Aztec area, San Juan County. (Albert). WISCONSIN - Damaged asparagus in Waushara, Richland, and Iowa Counties. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MICHIGAN - Euxoa messoria responsible for loss of 8 acres of asparagus in Berrien County. (Janes, June 4). WESTERN FLOWER THRIPS (Frankliniella occidentalis) - CALIFORNIA - Nymphs medium on 700 acres of onions in Wheeler Ridge, Kern County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). DECIDUOUS FRUITS AND NUTS CODLING MOTH (Carpocapsa pomonella) - UTAH - First moths of season at North Logan, Cache County, May 28-29; I7 moths taken June 2-3. (Davis). Large flight May 28-29 and June 2-3 at two Box Elder County locations. (Allred et al.). WASHINGTON - Adults in flight in Pullman area, Whitman County. (Johansen). First larval entry in pear April 27 in upper Yakima Valley, Yakima County; 7 | days earlier than in 1967. (Gregorich). WISCONSIN - Total of 8 adults in black- light trap June 1-5 at Madison, Dane County. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MICHIGAN - Egg laying in southwest area June 4. (Carpenter). NORTH CAROLINA - First-brood third and fourth instars in sandhills area. (Rock, June 3). DELAWARE - Emergence continues from Woodside cage; heaviest June 2. (MacCreary). NEW YORK - No emergence in Monroe County June 3. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt.). ORIENTAL FRUIT MOTH (Grapholitha molesta) - WASHINGTON - Late larvae infested 60 percent of terminals at Sawyer, Yakima County; younger larvae in remaining ter- minals. (Johnson). COLORADO - Adults low in bait traps in Mesa County peach area; 30 moths highest on one property. Only few per day in most bait traps. Lighter than in past years. (Bulla). NEW JERSEY - Total of 4 moths in one trap at Glassboro June 4. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). = byy7) = EYE-SPOTTED BUD MOTH (Spilonota ocellana) - MAINE - Larvae feeding on flower buds in Winthrop area May 3; some pupation by May 27. (Boulanger). CONNECTICUT - Adults collected at Storrs. (Savos, June 4). WISCONSIN - Pupation begun in Dane County area. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). LESSER PEACH TREE BORER (Synanthedon pictipes) - NEW JERSEY - Increase continues in central and southern county peach orchards. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). GEORGIA - Pupal skins averaged 4 per tree in Fort Valley; high for season. (Yonce, May 31). PEACH TWIG BORER (Anarsia lineatella) - COLORADO - Light in Mesa and Delta County peach orchards; little “flagging” of terminals as of May 29. (Bulla). FRUIT-TREE LEAF ROLLER (Archips argyrospilus) - CONNECTICUT - Mostly full-grown larvae; injury severe on unSprayed apple trees. (Savos, June 4). MAINE - Feeding underway May 13; larvae abundant in some neglected orchards in Monmouth area. (Boulanger). APPLE APHID (Aphis pomi) - WASHINGTON - First winged migrants of summer very light on apples due to controls and unfavorable weather at Tieton. Winged migrants established colonies May 31 in orchard at Sawyer, Yakima County. (Johnson). NORTH CAROLINA - Numerous in unsprayed orchards; problem in few sprayed orchards. (Rock, June 3). NEW JERSEY - Difficult to find in orchards statewide. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). CONNECTICUT - Light on apples. (Savos, June 4). ROSY APPLE APHID (Dysaphis plantaginea) - WASHINGTON - First winged migrants appearing on 20-acre apple orchard at Sawyer, Yakima County; adults and nymphs on new growth. Damage 5 percent. (Johnson, May 31). CALIFORNIA - Medium on apple trees in Red Bluff, Tehama County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). APPLE GRAIN APHID (Rhopalosiphum fitchii) - MAINE - Hatch begun April 13-14; nymphs present by May 13. Numbers near normal; late appearance on apple caused some leaf injury in late May. (Boulanger). MEALY PLUM APHID (Hyalopterus pruni) - CALIFORNIA - Medium on prune trees in Red Bluff, Tehama County, and heavy on plum in Victorville, San Bernardino County. (Gales Coop. -Rpit.))- PEAR PSYLLA (Psylla pyricola) - OREGON - Second-generation adults present past 3 weeks; appearing in treated orchards. Eggs 500-600 and nymphs 5 per 25 leaves in untreated orchards. (Westigard). CONNECTICUT - Adults numerous on pears at many locations. (Savos, June 4). CICADAS (Magicicada spp.) - OHIO - Initial nymphal emergence of Magicicada sp. extensive in Brood VIII area. Nymphal skins and adults mostly on edges of woods and under trees in open areas (apple orchards); generally emerging in more sun- exposed or warmer soils. Emergence noted in Jefferson, Columbiana, Mahoning, and Trumbull Counties. Nymphal emergence in shaded areas of woods limited. Large numbers expected to emerge soon. No mating observed; "singing" noted in Jefferson, Columbiana, and Mahoning Counties. Egg laying expected to begin June 7-10 in areas where treatments and birds ineffective. (Forsythe). PENNSYLVANIA - M. septendecim emerging rapidly in Allegheny, Beaver, Armstrong, and Indiana Counties; heavy in Beaver County. (Simons, Sleesman, May 28). PLUM CURCULIO (Conotrachelus nenuphar) -— MAINE - First adult taken in apple tree May 16 in Monmouth; common May 23. (Boulanger). VERMONT - Activity light on apple; some scars on unsprayed trees June 3-7. (MacCollom). CONNECTICUT - Activity light to moderate on apple due to low temperatures. Feeding and egg laying scars common in pear orchard at Storrs. (Savos, June 4). NEW JERSEY - Total of 14 adults taken in short period at Glassboro june 4. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). WISCONSIN - Total of 8 adults taken June 4-6 at Madison, Dane County. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). GEORGIA - Heavy on peaches in McDuffie County. (Hutcherson). Overwintering adults collected from 10 untreated plum trees in this county. First- generationadults not evident in Fort Valley. (Yonce, May 31). - 523 - APPLE TWIG BORER (Amphicerus bicaudatus) - OREGON - Collected in blacklight trap May 20 on river dock at Portland, Multnomah County. Det. by Nakahara, confirmed by T.J. Spilman. This is a new State record and first report west of Rocky Mountains. Feeds on dead and dying limbs of fruit and shade trees. (Mason). FRUIT FLIES (Rhagoletis spp.) - NEW YORK - No emergence of R. cingulata adults in Monroe County or in seeded traps as of May 31. in Niagara County. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt.). OHIO - R. fausta adults began emerging from overwintering puparia in northeastern area May 31. (Still). MICHIGAN - First R. fausta adults of season in traps on east side of Grand Rapids May 31. (Lovitt). OREGON - R. cingulata indifferens adults emerged June 2 at Salem, Marion County (Rasmussen) ; May 30 at Medford, Jackson County (Cordy); June 5 at Milton-Freewater, Umatilla County (Burkhart). EUROPEAN APPLE SAWFLY (Hoplocampa testudinea) - CONNECTICUT - Larval injury severe on unsprayed apple trees. (Savos, June 4). EUROPEAN RED MITE (Panonychus ulmi) - MAINE - Overwintered egg hatch begun May 8 in Monmouth; summer eggs in late May during late stages of apple bloom. (Boulanger). CONNECTICUT - Generally light on apples; egg laying evident. (Savos, June 4). NEW YORK - No hatch as of May 29 on fruit in eastern area. Mostly gravid females May 28 where no prebloom controls made in Clinton County. Some on apples in Niagara County. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt.). NEW JERSEY - Very scarce on apple in central and southern counties; very few summer eggs June 3-4. Buildup delayed by unfavorable weather. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). NORTH CAROLINA - Motile mites 10-14 per leaf on unsprayed trees; generally scarce on sprayed trees. (Rock, June 3). PECAN NUT CASEBEARER (Acrobasis caryae) - FLORIDA - Larvae very heavy on pecan trees at nursery in Orange Heights, Alachua County; controls required. (Graham, May 15). OKLAHOMA - First eggs of season in southwest and south-central areas. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). FALL WEBWORM (Hyphantria cunea) = ALABAMA - Light on south and central area pecans; heavy in few trees in southern Mobile County. (Siebels et al.). PECAN LEAF PHYLLOXERA (Phylloxera notabilis) - OKLAHOMA - Moderate to heavy on pecan trees in Comanche and Stephens Counties; heavy in 4 groves in Nowata County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). MISSISSIPPI - Heavy on 200 acres of pecan trees in Coahoma County. (Dinkins). OLIVE SCALE (Parlatoria oleae) - CALIFORNIA - This species and Aspidiotus perniciosus medium on almond trees at Princeton, Glenn County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). CITRUS Citrus Insect Situation in Florida - End of May - CITRUS RUST MITE (Phyllocoptruta Oleivora) On leaves infested 71 percent of groves (norm 39 percent), 53 percent economic (norm 23 percent); on fruit, infested 46 percent of groves (norm 34 percent), 24 percent economic (norm 17 percent). Population above normal and in high range with further increase expected, especially on fruit. Highest districts central, south, west, and east. Heavy infestations will occur in all districts. TEXAS CITRUS MITE (Eutetranychus banksi) infested 64 percent of groves (norm 58 percent); 44 percent economic (norm 37 percent). Population above normal and in high range. Further buildup expected until July. Highest districts south, central, and west. CITRUS RED MITE (Panonychus citri) infested 54 percent of groves (norm 57 percent); 26 percent economic (norm 33 percent). Population below normal and expected to remain in moderate range. All districts will have few heavy infestations. Highest districts east and north. GLOVER SCALE (Lepidosaphes gloverii) infested 84 percent of groves (norm 84 percent); 16 percent economic (norm 31 percent). Population in high range but below normal due to lag in seasonal buildup. Further increase expected to keep population in - 924 - high range into July but heavy infestations will be spotty. Highest districts east and south. PURPLE SCALE (L. beckii) infested 72 percent of groves (norm 83 percent); 2 percent economic (norm 14 percent). Population at record low level for May and of little importance. No change expected. Highest district north. CHAFF SCALE (Parlatoria pergandii) infested 51 percent of groves (norm 73 percent); 29 percent economic (norm 18 percent). This scale at record low level for May and expected to remain unimportant. YELLOW SCALE (Aonidiella citrina) infested 70 percent of groves (norm 65 percent); none economic (norm 14 percent). Population below normal and currently in moderate range. Although increase will occur, infestations expected to be lighter than usual in all districts. Highest district north. BLACK SCALE (Saissetia oleae) infested 50 percent of groves (norm 47 percent); 14 percent economic (norm 28 percent). Rapid increase will take populations into high range in June. Numerous heavy infestations expected in all districts in July. Highest districts east and central. An ARMORED SCALE (Unaspis citri) infested 16 percent of groves; 2 percent moderate to heavy. Increase expected. MEALYBUGS infested 38 percent of groves; 1 percent economic. Population below average for May. Increase expected. WHITEFLIES infested 57 percent of groves; 27 percent economic. Population above normal. Increase expected. (W.A. Simanton (Citrus Expt. Sta., Lake Alfred)). CALIFORNIA RED SCALE (Aonidiella aurantii) - ARIZONA - Second spray application completed on 35-acre commercial grove at Mesa, Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). COTTONY-CUSHION SCALE (Icerya purchasi) - ARIZONA - Heavy on 3 of 100 acres at Goodyear, Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). CITRUS RED MITE (Panonychus citri) - ARIZONA - Heavy in few large untreated lemon groves at Yuma, Yuma County. Ariz. Coop. Sur.). - 525 - SMALL FRUITS CRANBERRY FRUITWORM (Acrobasis vaccinii) - NEW JERSEY - First entries into blueberry fruit June I, 8 days earlier than in 1967. Egg laying at peak; eggs per 100 clusters in unsprayed area increased from 16 on May 23 to 33 on June 1. (Ins.--Dis. Newsltr.). WESTERN GRAPE LEAF SKELETONIZER (Harrisina brillians) - ARIZONA - Adults more nu- merous in Salt River Valley, Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). NEVADA - Col- lected at Boulder City, Clark County, for first time. (Zoller, May 31). Collected previously in Las Vegas area of Clark County. (PPC) . A SAP BEETLE (Stelidota geminata) - MICHIGAN - Migrating from woodlots into southwest area Strawberry plantings. (Carpenter, Belter, June 3). BLUEBERRY THRIPS (Frankliniella vaccinii) - MAINE - Emergence from soil began May 15-16 at Sedgwick, Hancock County. Early injury apparent on young blueberry stems May 22; numbers heavy in Several areas. (Boulanger). ORNAMENTALS A COCKROACH (Neoblattella detersa (Walker)) - FLORIDA - Collected on begonia plants at Miami, Dade County, December 3, 1965, by A.S. Mills. Det. by A.B, Gurney. This is a new United States record, (Fla. Coop. Sur.). This species is also known from Jamaica. (PPC), A WEEVIL (Ochyromera ligustri) - VIRGINIA - Adults collected on lilac at Smithfield Isle of Wight County, July 13, 1967, by H.L, Jones. Det. by R,E, Warner. This is a new State record. (Isakson). A SCARAB (Euphoria kerni) - OKLAHOMA - Damage heavy to Payne County roses. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). A PIT SCALE (Asterolecanium bambusicola) - FLORIDA - Adults collected from bamboo at nursery in Daytona Beach, Volusia County. (Holley, Pott, May 13). Det. by G.W, Dekle. This is a new State record. (Dekle). : BARNACLE SCALE (Ceroplastes cirripediformis) - FLORIDA - Infested all 225 Brunfelsia americana, Some severely with thousands of live crawlers and eggs pres- ent, at Hialeah, Dade County. (Sloan, May 28). FLETCHER SCALE (Lecanium fletcheri) - WISCONSIN - Laying eggs on yew, arborvitae, and juniper in Jefferson County. Egg laying about 5-90 percent complete. (Wis. Ins, Sur.). A MEALYBUG (Pseudococcus microcirculus) - CALIFORNIA - Medium on roots of cattleya orchids in orchid house in Burlingame, San Mateo County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). AN YPONOMEUTID MOTH (Argyresthia cupressella) - OREGON - Adults began emerging from arborvitae week of May 24 at Salem, Marion County. (Goeden). JUNIPER WEBWORM (Dichomeris marginella) - MICHIGAN - Full-grown larvae in webs; pupation expected soon. (Wallner, June 3). GARDEN SYMPHYLAN (Scutigerella immaculata) - OHIO - Numerous; damaging roots of arborvitae, juniper, and taxus in Coshocton County. Loss in various blocks of stock ranged 10-90 percent. (Campbell). SLUGS (Deroceras spp). - OHIO - Feeding on foliage and flowers of perennials much heavier than normal in south-central and southwestern areas during April and May. Wet, cool spring weather favored populations. (Cooley). Feeding on strawberries, flowering plants, and other garden crops in Wayne County. (Glass, Rings). - 526 - FOREST AND SHADE TREES BLACK HILLS BEETLE (Dendroctonus ponderosae) - COLORADO - Broods large and healthy in Poudre Canyon, Larimer County. Incidence of damage higher than in past few years, (Thatcher). DOUGLAS-FIR BEETLE (Dendroctonus pseudotsugae) - COLORADO - Brood more vigorous and numerous than for several years in Larimer County; high in isolated trees. (Thatcher). ENGRAVER BEETLES (Ips spp.) WISCONSIN - Females oviposited June 3 on jack pine pulpwood piles in Jackson County. Active May 31 in spring burn area of Vilas County where egg galleries in Scotch and jack pines. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). PALES WEEVIL (Hylobius pales) - OHIO - Adults feeding on seedling Scotch pine in Scioto County planting. Killed approximately 10 percent of trees planted in 1968 and damaged many more, such as to make survival doubtful. (Campbell). WHITE-PINE WEEVIL (Pissodes strobi) - MAINE - Egg laying underway May 13 at Alfred and Sanford. oulanger OLETHREUTID MOTHS - MICHIGAN - Taniva albolineana adults emerging in Wayne County. (Dollhopf, June 3). OHIO - Rhyacionia buoliana pupating in red pine shoots in Ashland County; about half of distorted shoots examined contained larvae and half contained pupae. (Rose). OKLAHOMA - R. frustrana pupae ranged 1-5 per shoot in Wagoner County pine plantation; damaged 80 percent of shoots. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). CALIFORNIA - R. pasadenana larvae heavy on Monterey pines at Los Altos, Santa Clara County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). AN YPONOMEUTID MOTH (Argyresthia cupressella) - OREGON - Adults emerged from various cypresses week of May 31 at Portland; bad infestation this year. (Nicolaison). A GELECHIID MOTH (Coleotechnites sp.) - OREGON - Larvae in ultimate and penulti- mate instars June 6. Infestations heavy in area examined near Crescent Lake, Klamath County. (Westcott, Goeden). SILVER-SPOTTED TIGER MOTH (Halisidota argentata) - NEVADA - Larvae numerous and widespread on firs on eastern Side of Lake Tahoe basin. (Long) . JACK-PINE BUDWORM (Choristoneura pinus) - MINNESOTA - Emerged from hibernation and entering third instar at Baudette, Lake of the Woods County. (Minn, Ins. Rpt.). WISCONSIN - Larvae still in second instar in northern counties June 3; feeding on new Shoots and in flowers, (Wis. Ins. Sur.). LARCH CASEBEARER (Coleophora laricella) - WISCONSIN - Moderate damage at Grant County site, Adult emergence about 50 percent complete; common on foliage. (Wis. Ins Suz.) ADELGIDS (Adelges spp.) - MAINE - A. abietis caused concern; incidence apparently above 1967. (Boulanger, May 31). VIRGINIA - Some motile first instars of A, tsugae still active; most on hemlock twigs; infestations extensive and wide- Spread at Richmond. Winged females observed for first time in State. (Weidhaas, Freund). WISCONSIN - A. strobilobius egg laying underway on Grant County Euro- pean larch. (Wis. Ins. Sur. APHIDS - VERMONT - Mindarus abietinus very numerous; Severe curl and wilting of new growth on balsam fir, (MacCollom). MAINE - Cinara strobi abundant on orna- mental white pine in Southern area in late May. (Boulanger, May 31). PINE SPITTLEBUG (Aphrophora parallela) - WISCONSIN - Few nymphs in fifth instar on Dane County jack pine. Near Lone Rock, Richland County, nymphs infested about 20 percent of Scotch pine branches May 29; nymphs 5 mm, long, about 1-5 per stem. = 527 - Jack pine in same general area infested to about same degree. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). VIRGINIA - Locally light on Pulaski County. Virginia pine; spittle masses on 20 percent of tips. (Allen). PINE NEEDLE SCALE (Phenacaspis pinifoliae) - OHIO - Heavy May rains reduced effectiveness of sprays applied to heavy infestation of some Williams County Douglas-fir. (Rose). PINE TORTOISE SCALE (Toumeyella numismaticum) - PENNSYLVANIA - Eggs developing under old scales on Scotch pine in Snyder, Indiana, and Susquehanna Counties; hatching expected about June 20, (Gesell). EUROPEAN PINE SAWFLY (Neodiprion sertifer) - PENNSYLVANIA - Larvae full grown and leaving Scotch pine needles in Susquehanna County. (Gesell). OHIO - Larval feed- ing and damage on Scotch pine in Paulding (Woodburn) and Tuscarawas Counties (Kirven). Larvae still feeding, denuded many red pines of most of old needles in Mohican State Forest area, Ashland County. Larvae nearly full grown and will soon pupate. (Rose). RED-PINE SAWFLY (Neodiprion nanulus nanulus) - WISCONSIN - Larvae 1 inch long May 29 on red pine at Boscobel, Grant County; only one small colony noted. Larvae on Richland County jack pine in same stage. (Wis. Ins. Sur. SPRUCE SPIDER MITE (Oligonychus ununguis) - VIRGINIA - Eggs very heavy in sample from Buckingham County; most eggs hatched before May 29. (Allen, Baldwin). AN ERIOPHYID MITE (Nalepella tsugifoliae) - MICHIGAN - Females abundant on Canada hemlock in Wayne County. (Wallner, June 3). FOREST TENT CATERPILLAR (Malacosoma disstria) - VERMONT - Continues to increase slowly. (MacCollom, June 3). MINNESOTA - Larvae in third instar. Some defolia- tion in International Falls area; despite incomplete hatch and possibly other factors, complete defoliation expected. (Minn, Ins. Rpt.). IDAHO - Hatch begun on elm at Moscow, Latah County. (O'Keeffe). EASTERN TENT CATERPILLAR (Malacosoma americanum) - WISCONSIN - Pupation well under- way in southern half of State. Few fifth inStars still in nests. Many chokecherry, mulberry, and neglected apple trees totally defoliated. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). OHIO - Larval feeding generally completed and pupation in progress throughout range, Adult emergence imminent in southern counties. (Rose), A TENT CATERPILLAR MOTH (Malacosoma constrictum) - OREGON - Larvae locally abundant at Salem, Marion County. Migrating Tarvae nuisance in parks and areas where oaks abundant. Completed cocoons contained prepupae on May 31. Not recently reported from area; occurrence indicates great increase in population. (Westcott, Goeden). GEOMETRID MOTHS - MINNESOTA - Cankerworms collected in Arden Hills north of St. Paul were about 0.75 inch long and probably in fourth instar, With warm weather, rapid development expected with pupation around June 10-16. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). MICHIGAN - Cankerworm damage in many areas; some hatch yet. (Wallner, June 3). VERMONT - Alsophila pometaria, Paleacrita vernata, and Erannis tiliaria half-grown larvae very abundant on many hardwoods; damage negligible. (MacCollom, June 3). MIMOSA WEBWORM (Homadaula anisocentra) - ALABAMA - First larval generation light, feeding on Lee County mimosa. (McQueen). OHIO - First instars feeding on Tuscarawas County honeylocust. (Campbell). SATIN MOTH (Stilpnotia salicis) - MAINE - Larvae heavy at Portland May 24, (Boulanger). ELM LEAF BEETLE (Pyrrhalta luteola) - NEVADA - Heavy adult feeding at Winnemucca, Humboldt County. (Lauderdale). UTAH - Active at Cottonwood and Highland Drive, = B23} = Salt Lake County. (Knowlton). NEW MEXICO - Adults, larvae, eggs, and damage heavy on elm in Socorro and Chaves Counties. (Hare, Judd). MISSOURI - Heavy on southeast area elms; some defoliation. (Jones). ILLINOIS - Hatching, larvae feeding on elm in central and southern sections. (Ins. Sur. Bull.). ALABAMA - First generation light on many ornamental elms in Lee, Tallapoosa, and other cen- tral counties. (McQueen). SOUTH CAROLINA - Damaged elms at Clemson, Oconee County. (Thomas, June 4). VERMONT - Adults feeding on elms; some egg laying June 3. No hatch June 7 at Burlington, (MacCollom) . IMPORTED. WILLOW LEAF BEETLE (Plagiodera versidolora) - MAINE - Adults active and building up on willow at Portland; much foliar damage. (Boulanger, May 31). NATIVE ELM BARK BEETLE (Hylurgopinus rufipes) - WISCONSIN - Adults flying, eggs laid and hatching June 5 in Menominee County. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). BIRCH LEAF MINER (FenusSa pusilla) - MAINE - Egg laying continues; first mines May 22 in southern area, (Boulanger). PERIODICAL CICADA (Magicicada septendecim) - PENNSYLVANIA - Emerging rapidly in Allegheny, Beaver, Armstrong, and Indiana Counties; large numbers in Beaver County. (Simons, Sleesman, May 28). VIRGINIA - Single adult collected under white oak tree in yard in northern Fairfax County near Falls Church June 5, 1968.. Det. by R,C, Froeschner, (Gammons). APHIDS - IDAHO - Prociphilus fraxinifolii Severely curled terminals of green ash in Cassia County and at Moscow, Latah County; controls indicated. (Portman). ARIZONA - Pemphigus populitransversus heavy on cottonwood at Tucson, Pima County. (Wene) . 7 COTTONY MAPLE SCALE (Pulvinaria innumerabilis) - WASHINGTON - Winter forms swollen May 31; 1 of 10 females with white wax around edges at Pullman, Whitman County. (Johansen), WISCONSIN - Cottony masses just appearing in southern area. (Wis. Ins, Sur.). SOFT SCALES (Lecanium spp.) - VERMONT - Increasing on maples, basswood, elms, and other hardwoods in State. (MacCollom, June 3). WASHINGTON - L. corni complex infested white birch May 9 at Seattle, King County. Det. by H,L, McKenzie. (Forsell). ASH PLANT BUG (Neoborus amoenus) - UTAH - Nymphs very numerous, seriously discol- ored ash foliage in some parts of Logan and Smithfield, Cache County. (Knowlton). - 529 - MAN AND ANIMALS MOSQUITOES - NEVADA - Culex tarsalis larvae heavy at Las Vegas and Henderson, Clark County. (Milner). MINNESOTA - Of 1,635 larval samples collected May 26- June 1, Aedes vexans in 827 and Culiseta inornata in 253. Light traps for May 25-31 caught 201 adults with 140 females; A. vexans (70) and C. inornata (41) dom- inant. Hot weather accelerated larval development. Pupation began June 4 and will be complete by June 9. Within Metropolitan Mosquito Control District annoy- ance expected to be moderate but will be severe in many localities outside dis- trict. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). WISCONSIN - Adults biting in all areas. Annoyance low in most areas. Most problems in low, wooded areas. Aedes vexans and ; A. sticticus emerged in Grant County last period. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). OHIO - Warm weather increased Aedes spp. adult emergence and flight activity. Numbers high in shaded areas and lush vegetation throughout central, northwestern, and north-central areas. (Rose). VERMONT - Abundant in all areas. (MacCollom, June 3). SCREW-WORM (Cochliomyia hominivorax) - Total of 115 cases reported in U.S. June 2-8 as follows: TEXAS - Atascosa 1, Bee 2, Brewster 3, Brooks 6, Cameron 1, De Witt 7, Dimmit 3, Edwards 3, Frio 5, Hidalgo 3, Jeff Davis 1, Jim Wells 4, Karnes 3, Kerr 2, Kimble 1, Kinney 1, La Salle 1, Live Oak 3, Maverick 2, Medina 11, Starr 4, Terrell 2, Uvalde 6, Real 2, Wilson 3, Zavala 1, San Patricio l, Kenedy 2; ARIZONA - Cochise 3, Graham 1, Maricopa 5, Pima 8, Pinal 1, Santa Cruz 4; CALIFORNIA - Imperial 8, Riverside 1. Total of 473 cases reported in Mexico south of Barrier Zone. Barrier Zone is area where eradication operation underway to prevent establishment of self-sustaining population in U.S, Sterile screw-worm flies released: Texas 56,243,000; New Mexico 700,000; Arizona 10,980,000; California 1,820,000; Mexico 109,385,000. (Anim. Health Div.). FACE FLY (Musca autumnalis) - SOUTH CAROLINA - Very heavy, 15 per face on test herd in Greenwood County. (Kissam, May 28). This is a new county record, (PPC). VERMONT - Light in State. (MacCollom; June 3). WISCONSIN - Slightly annoyed cattle in St. Croix, Chippewa, and Winnebago Counties. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). ILLINOIS - Averaged 0,1 per head in southeast district, 0.8 in southwest district. (Ill. Ins, Rpt.). MISSOURI - Averages ranged 0.1-5.6 (averaged 3) per cow in 10- cow samples on 5 central area farms; similar to previous period. (Thomas). IDAHO - Newly emerged adults 0-8 (averaged 8) per face May 31 on cattle at Moscow, Latah County. Averaged 2-3 per face on cattle on hilltops and ridges and 8-10 per face on cattle in bottomland pastures near Santa, Benewah County. (O'Keeffe). OREGON - Averaged less than 5 per head on several pastured cows at Grants Pass, Josephine County; gravid female collected. (Westcott, Goeden). WASHINGTON - Light on cattle and horses, maximum 7 per face, usually 0-2, at Pullman, Whitman County. (Telford). HORN FLY (Haematobia irritans) - SOUTH CAROLINA - Lighter than usual, 25 per side, on cattle in Greenwood County; heavy on test herd. Very heavy, 2,000 per side,on test herd in Allendale County. (Kissam, May 28). MISSISSIPPI - Counts per head by county: Adams, 175 on 200 head; Clay, 125 on 100; Attala, 45 on 300; Chicka- saw, 50 on 900 head. (Dinkins). ILLINOIS - Averaged 146 per head in southeast district, 24 in southwest district. (111. Ins. Rpt.). MISSOURI - Averages ranged 45,7-347.5 per cow in 10-cow samples on 5 central area farms, Much higher than previous period. (Thomas). NEBRASKA - Ranged 0-50 per head on 5 herds of range cattle near Lincoln, Lancaster County; light on range herds near Columbus, Platte County. (Campbell). IDAHO - Adults few to 75-100 per side on pastured cattle throughout north-central area; up to 150 per side at Plummer, Benewah County. (O'Keeffe). STABLE FLY (Stomoxys calcitrans) - SOUTH CAROLINA - Heavy on test herd in Green- wood County. (Kissam, May 28). OKLAHOMA - Averaged 708 per head in isolated Payne County fields. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). NEBRASKA - Building up. Ranged 1-2 per leg on 3 feedlot herds and a dairy herd near Lincoln, Lancaster County. Less than one per square foot resting at all locations. Light on feedlot herds near Columbus, Platte County. (Campbell). ILLINOIS - Averaged 1 per head in south- = 930) = east district, 1.4 in southwest district. (Ill. Ins. Rpt.). WISCONSIN - Annoyed cattle moderately on over 35 farms in Winnebago and Calumet Counties. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). TABANID FLIES - GEORGIA - Horse flies annoyed Butts County horses. (Brack, May 31). NEBRASKA - Horse flies ranged 0-3 per head on range herds near Lincoln, Lancaster County. (Campbell). WISCONSIN - Chrysops sp. severely annoyed humans in local- ized areas on warmer days. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). DRONE FLY (Eristalis tenax) - PENNSYLVANIA - Abundant in sloppy barnyards in southwest counties; some moved into milkhouses and caused concern. (Gesell). BLACK FLIES - WISCONSIN - Annoying humans in localized areas, particularly in Vilas and Iron Counties. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). HARD-BACKED TICKS - IDAHO - Dermacentor andersoni infested clothing of workers in onion seed fields May 28 at Caldwell and Eagle, Canyon County. (Bechtolt, Homan). ARIZONA - Rhipicephalus sanguineus heavy in many residences at Tucson, Pima County. (Curtis). OKLAHOMA - Amblyomma maculatum ranged 0-7 (average 2) per head on calves in Mayes County; decreased from past weeks. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).. WISCONSIN - Few reports of heavy Dermacentor variabilis infestations in parts of Chippewa, St. Croix, and Iowa Counties. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). BROWN RECLUSE SPIDER (Loxosceles reclusa) - NORTH CAROLINA - Three specimens found during early May in Small local museum at Winston-Salem, Forsyth County. Stuffed animals and birds had been shipped in from the Midwest for use in the museum. Det. by D.L, Wray. This is a new State record. (Wray). OKLAHOMA - Light in Kay County home. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). HOUSEHOLDS AND STRUCTURES WHARF BORER (Nacerdes melanura) - VIRGINIA - Several hundred adults in basement of theater at Roanoke; problem past 3 years. (Allen, Ayers). BLACK CARPENTER ANT (Camponotus pennsylvanicus) - WISCONSIN - Outdoor flight began last period and wingless females common as they seek colonizing sites. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). EUROPEAN EARWIG (Forficula auricularia) - UTAH - Numerous May 31 around camp- grounds in Logan Canyon and at Cold Spring, Wellsville Mountains, in Cache County. Annoyance increasing June 4 about many Salt Lake City and Cache County homes; some entering homes. (Knowlton) STORED PRODUCTS CONFUSED FLOUR BEETLE (Tribolium confusum) - NEW MEXICO - Light in feed and bulk feedbins at Truth or Consequences, Sierra County. Light to heavy in sacks and bulk feed as well as storage bins at Socorro, Socorro County. (Hare). DARK MEALWORM (Tenebrio obscurus) - CALIFORNIA - Medium in rolled barley at Madera, Madera County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). GRANARY WEEVIL (Sitophilus granarius) - NEW MEXICO - Heavy in 2 sacks of milo and bin of bulk milo at Socorro, Socorro County. (Hare). A LONG-HORNED BEETLE (Xylotrechus nauticus) - CALIFORNIA - This species and Lyctus sp. heavy in walnut gun Stocks at Chico, Butte County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). - 931 - BENEFICIAL INSECTS LADY BEETLES - ALABAMA - Hippodamia convergens, Coleomegilla maculata fuscilabris, and Coccinella novemnotata adults and larvae light to heavy on cotton throughout State. (McQueen). OKLAHOMA - H. convergens averaged 15 per head in commercial lettuce planting in Tulsa County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). NEW MEXICO - Lady beetles ranged 6-15 per 25 sweeps on alfalfa at Albuquerque, Bernalillo County. (Heninger) . WYOMING - Adults averaged 2 per 10 sweeps on alfalfa in Johnson, Big Horn, and Washakie Counties. (Parshall). WASHINGTON - Stethorus picipes adults and numer- ous scattered eggs observed May 24 on apple leaves infested with Tetranychus mcdanieli at Tampica, Yakima County. (Johnson). DAMSEL BUGS - OKLAHOMA - Nabis spp. ranged 3-10 per 10 sweeps on northeast area alfalfa. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). NEW MEXICO - Damsel bugs ranged 3-5 per 25 sweeps on alfalfa at Albuquerque, Bernalillo County. (Heninger). WYOMING - Nabis sp. adults averaged 3 per 10 sweeps on alfalfa in Johnson, Big Horn, and Washakie Counties. (Parshall). WASHINGTON - One N. alternatus nymph or adults per 5 sweeps in alfalfa seed field near Touchet, Walla Walla County. (Johansen). BIG-EYED BUGS (Geocoris spp.) - WASHINGTON - One Geocoris pallens nymph or adult per 5 sweeps in alfalfa field near Touchet, Walla Walla County. (Johansen). ALABAMA - G. punctipes adults and nymphs on cotton throughout State; plentiful in Henry and Houston Counties. (McQueen). MINUTE PIRATE BUGS - NEW MEXICO - Ranged 3-12 per 25 sweeps on alfalfa at Albuquerque, Bernalillo County. (Heninger). GREEN LACEWINGS - NEW MEXICO - Ranged O-3 per 25 sweeps on alfalfa at Albuquerque, Bernalillo County. (Heninger). ARIZONA - Chrysopa spp. averaged 60 per 100 sweeps on Cochise County alfalfa. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). ALKALI BEE (Nomia melanderi) - WASHINGTON - First males emerged May 30 at Touchet, Walla Walla County; a bee fly parasite (Heterostylum robustum) first observed May 28. White pupal stage in Franklin County May 31. (Johansen). First pupae dug from soil in alkali bee site June 1, 7-10 days late for west Wapato and north Sunnyside, Yakima County. (Menke). A LEAFCUTTING BEE (Magachile rotundata) - WASHINGTON - Male emergence began about May 20 in alfalfa seed production areas of Walla Walla, Benton, and Franklin Counties; emergence of a torymid (Monodontomerus obscurus), the primary parasite, began about May 15. Drilled board nest Samples of M. rotundata up to 5 percent infested by Sapyga pumila (a sapygid wasp) at Moses Lake, Grant County; grooved board nests up to 33 percent infested by Trichodes ornatus (a clerid beetle) at Touchet, Walla Walla County. (Johansen). . IDAHO - First emergence June 1 in Arena Valley near Parma, Canyon County. (Waters). FEDERAL AND STATE PLANT PROTECTION PROGRAMS CEREAL LEAF BEETLE (Oulema melanopus) - KENTUCKY - Adults collected on oats at Hebron, Boone County, May 22, 1968, by T.M. Harris. Det. by R.E. White. This is a new State record. Proper precautions are being taken on products moving from area. (Townsend). Collected in Pendleton County May 31, 1968, for a new county record. (PPC). ILLINOIS - Found for first time in Cook and Shelby Counties. (Ins. Sur. Bull.). INDIANA - Larvae averaged 5 per oat stem in New Carlisle, St. Joseph County. Hatch has peaked. (Shade). MICHIGAN - Counts per 100 sweeps on oats by county: Lenawee, 40 adults and larvae; Macomb, 3 adults (none in 1967); Tuscola, 16 adults (some late in 1967); Jackson, 300 larvae and 114 adults in Pulaski Township (highest count). (Moore). OHIO - Sampled 7 wheatfields and 5 oatfields in Auglaize, Allen, Defiance, Henry, Wood, and Paulding Counties to determine current populations. Larvae ranged O-1l per 50-sweep sample (averaged slightly over 2); only one adult taken. No economically damaging numbers found. Wheat almost completely headed in northwestern area; oats just heading. (Rose). - 532 - Larger populations reported from Hardin County with 57 larvae and 1 adult in 25 sweeps of 10-acre oatfield (White) and from Fairfield County with 45 larvae and 6 adults in 200 sweeps (Walker). PENNSYLVANIA - One adult collected May 22 in Crawford County for new county record. (Eckess) . GRASS BUGS - NEW MEXICO - Mostly Labops sp. adults damaged western and crested wheatgrasses on Santa Fe National Forest land during May. (PPC). ARIZONA - Labops spp. averaged 30-40 per square yard on wheatgrass in Apache County in sur- vey at Reservation Flats in Sitgreaves National Forest between McNary and Vernon. (Laird). UTAH - Aerial controls for L. hesperius applied to 5,184 acres of more heavily infested areas of planted grass in Garfield and Kane Counties. Planted acres of crested wheatgrass, intermediate wheatgrass, and smooth bromegrass pro- tected in The Pines, Cameron Wash, Sheep Creek, and East Fork areas. (Thornley et al.). IDAHO - Irbisia pacifica heavy in wheatgrass field at Grangeville, Idaho County. (Gephart). WASHINGTON - I. pacifica found on wheat and wheatgrass near Colfax, Whitman County. (Entenmann), GRASSHOPPERS - NEVADA - Cratypedes neglectus and Xanthippus sp. adults heavy at lower elevations of Humboldt Canyon, Pershing County. (Hilbig). NEW MEXICO - Heavy numbers fed on rangeland grasses in approximately 30 sections of Tatum, Lea County. High of 40 per square yard. Hatching continues. (Judd). Hatching along river near Santa Rosa, Guadalupe County. (Baca). First and second instars appearing in alfalfa in many southern counties. (N.M. Coop. Rpt.). COLORADO - Second and third instars of Melanoplus spp., including M. bivittatus, averaged 0-5 per square yard in Weld (10-15 in southwest area), Washington, Kit Carson, Phillips, and Logan Counties and 3-6 in Cheyenne County (up to 10 in southeast and northwest of Cheyenne Wells). (Johnson). SOUTH DAKOTA - Second and third instars, mostly M. bivittatus and M. differentialis, averaged 2 per sweep in heavy stand of 10 to 12-inch alfalfa east of Philip, Jackson County. (Jones). NORTH DAKOTA - Hatch light in Emmons, Burleigh, and Morton Counties. Marginal counts ranged up to 3 (averaged less than 1) per square yard. Less than 1 per square yard on alfalfa. Development ranged from first through fourth instar; M. sanguinipes, M. packardii, and M. bivittatus dominant. M. differentialis eggs ‘in eyespot Stage; hatch expected to start in 3 weeks with normal temperatures. (Brandvik, Toczek). MINNESOTA - Much hatch in Otter Tail, Grant, and Isanti Counties; most probably M. bivittatus. Egg development as follows: M. bivittatus segmented to fully formed, M. femurrubrum eyespot to segmented, M. Sanguinipes and M. packardii fully formed. ~Some third and fourth instars of M. packardii in light Sandy soils of east-central and central districts. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). WISCONSIN - Few small M. sanguinipes nymphs appearing in La Crosse County oatfields. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). GYPSY MOTH (Porthetria dispar) - PENNSYLVANIA - Larvae in first to third instars in eastern area, Eckess, May 22). VERMONT - Larvae scattered; mostly on elm. (MacCollom, June 3). MAINE - Overwintered egg masses hatched May 15 on trees at Portland. (Boulanger). JAPANESE BEETLE (Popillia japonica) - VIRGINIA - Four adults found on swamp wil- low at Chesapeake; first infestation of season. (Williams, Hooper). MORMON CRICKET (Anabrus simplex) - NEVADA - Heavy, localized infestation in Humboldt Canyon, Pershing County, along stream almost to snow line. Infestation diminished as distance from water increased. (Hilbig). PINK BOLLWORM (Pectinophora gossypiella) - ARIZONA - First larvae reported May 11 from Gadsden, Yuma County, in 3 fields with rosetted blooms; spray program started. Larvae ranged 1-20 out of rosetted blooms. A 20-percent mature boll infestation found south of Wellton on volunteer cotton in fallow field. Moth = 533 —- emergence for May in experimental cages peaked May 17-20, declining toward end of May. Peak coincides with blooming period in Yuma Valley except for late cotton in Yuma County. In Maricopa County first-generation larvae averaged 1 per square in stub cotton among safflower at Guadalupe; 25-square sample revealed 25 larvae in 22 squares. Single larva in 25-square sample at Liberty. Inspections at this stage difficult in Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). WHITE-FRINGED BEETLES (Graphognathus spp.) - GEORGIA - Heavy on Stewart County peanuts. (Lowery, May 31). INSECT DETECTION New United States Record A COCKROACH (Neoblattella detersa (Walker)) - FLORIDA - Collected on begonia plants at Miami, Dade County, December 3, 1965, by A.S. Mills. Det. by A.B. Gurney. (p. 525). New State Records APPLE TWIG BORER (Amphicerus bicaudatus) - OREGON - Collected in blacklight trap May 20, 1968, at Portland, Multnomah County. Det. by Nakahara, confirmed by T.J. Spilman. (p. 523). A WEEVIL (Ochyromera ligustri) - VIRGINIA - Collected on lilac at Smithfield, Isle of Wight County, July 13, 1967, by H.L. Jones. Det. by R.E. Warner. (p. 525). A PIT SCALE (Asterolecanium bambusicola) - FLORIDA - Collected from bamboo at Daytona Beach, Volusia County. Det. by G.W. Dekle. (p. 525). BROWN RECLUSE SPIDER (Loxosceles reclusa) - NORTH CAROLINA - Three specimens found during early May in small local museum at Winston-Salem, Forsyth County. Det. by D.L. Wray. (p. 530). CEREAL LEAF BEETLE (Oulema melanopus) - KENTUCKY - Collected on oats at Hebron, Boone County, May 22, 1968, by T.M. Harris. Det. by R.E. White. (p. 531). New County Records ASIATIC OAK WEEVIL (Cyrtepistomus castaneus) - TENNESSEE - Resting on tobacco, corn, and other crops near Dover, Stewart County. Collected by G. Horton. Det. by R.E. Warner. (Horton). SPOTTED ALFALFA APHID (Therioaphis maculata) - WYOMING - Big Horn County. (p. 510). ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - MISSOURI - Hickory County. IOWA - Cedar County. NEBRASKA - Hayes County. (p. 513). ILLINOIS - Stephenson County. (CEIR 18(23) :488). CLOVER HEAD WEEVIL (Hypera 7 - MISSOURI - Benton, Hickory, McDonald, and Miller Counties. (p. FACE FLY (Musca autumnalis) - SOUTH CAROLINA - Greenwood County. (p. 529). CEREAL LEAF BEETLE (Oulema melanopus) - KENTUCKY - Pendleton County. ILLINOIS - Cook and Shelby Counties. (p. 531). PENNSYLVANIA - Crawford County. (p. 532). - 534 - HAWAII INSECT REPORT Turf, Pasture - Numbers and damage of a GRASS WEBWORM (Herpetogramma licarsisalis) light to heavy on turf and pasture grasses in new localities throughout State, especially on Maui and Hawaii Islands. Decreasing in some former heavily infested areas. Unparasitized egg clusters averaged 35 per square foot on edge of golf course fairways at Lahaina, damage light to moderate on lawns in Kahului and Makawao, and numbers decreasing in pastures in Kahakuloa and Halehaku on Maui. Damage heavy and scattered in pastures in Kona and lawns in Kohala, Hawaii Island. Apparently decreasing throughout Kauai and Molokai where damage heavy in pastures during April and early May. (Miyahira et al.). Cucurbits, Fruits - FRUIT FLIES - On Hawaii Island from December 1967 to February 1968, samplings of wild momordica (3,397 fruits) from Honomalino (1,700 feet) produced 585 melon fly (Dacus cucurbitae). larvae per pound of fruits, and papaya (104 fruits) from abandoned orchard in Kapoho (100 feet) yielded 69 oriental fruit fly (D. dorsalis) larvae per pound of fruits. Small samplings of guava and coffee from Kona were lightly infested by Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata) and D. dorsalis larvae. Parasitism rates were 5.4 percent by Opius fletcheri and Tetrastichus giffardianus in wild momordica, 63.2 percent by O. oophilus in coffee, and 6.1 percent by O. oophilus in papaya. No parasites —~ emerged from guava. On Oahu during February and March 1968, samplings of . cucumber (78 fruits) from Waimanalo, wild momordica (427 fruits) from Waipahu, and squash (31 fruits) from Manoa and Koko Head yielded 234, 331, and 159 D. cucurbitae larvae per pound of fruits, respectively. Parasitism rates very low in all areas. (Hawaii Fruit Fly Investigations, USDA). MELON FLY (D. cucurbitae) oviposition damage moderate on newly formed watermelon fruits in Hilo, Hawaii Island. (Yoshioka). General Vegetables - POTATO TUBERWORM (Phthorimaea operculella) larvae heavy in 50 acres of potatoes in Hoolehua, Molokai. Fujimoto). Man and Animals - Total of 1,758 Aedes vexans nocturnus and 5,144 Culex pipiens quinguefasciatus taken in 49 light traps on Oahu during May. A. vexans nocturnus highest at Punaluu and Waiahole; C. pipiens quinquefasciatus highest at Waipahu. (Mosq. Cont. Br., Dept. of Health). Beneficial Insects - PUNCTURE-VINE STEM WEEVIL (Microlarinus lypriformis) larvae moderate in stems of Tribulus cistoides in Kihei, Maui; negligible on T. cistoides and T. terrestris in Waikapu. (Miyahira). SOURBUSH SEED FLY (Acinia picturata) larvae, pupae, and adults on 99 of 100 flower heads of Pluchea odorata in Kahului, Maui. (Ah Sam). CORRECTIONS CEIR 18(23):486 - TOMATO HORNWORM (Manduca quinquemaculata) - TEXAS ~- Delete note. Cotton is not a known host of this pest. - 535 - cs ~ 02 69 OS ° 62 69 © 00 4 fr) S iG.) eK) ao oa a a A © 5 a st a a et Lal et cre Load se) ise] i=) ° iS a Cr) 4 nN tom Pe) x ” Colts] bs cS) a © qt a eS ° oq 1) a Est) faa} ro 4 N ion) 5 nN cir) y Do Nn om ad (=) ore £2 . uo eI ° PN a > 2) Se ey AR z ne hat oH 00 wt 00 fo) 3 © Ko - wd Nn 0 ~ w ~ N SS ~ -_ © ~N ie) - Gee) =| 1 © [ 1 ire) é NI ° nN I 2) - qt No ' noo ie) Cs) N oO mt nN I ~N oN rl N10 oO ite) NS Co) CO SS qo i.) 1 oO ~N OanN 10 NS re) 1 Naa re) Ss o1 © 1AwW No bt wary ie) ) Ge) Cold an as ol o nN Noo o a XS Xm o NW o 10 a Ss Eom) x © q 20) oN ah NA < aN q Te) a oaa qa we A ite) at ood a aN dd Osan do we > bm Le] ere aed - are) > ° gQaopp > Ad o WAND ww >N Baap nw Qa q PeH Bo H> Mo NOOO Co) no HOGO =o Qoaorr od Om tb Ar > mst OoOM Og ue} © op ee} pal neo n Prep > tp Sg Ad o WAnNHQO MO HH Ma SN teifeht = Oo <0 Pago AY HHHHA HE HD NOOND BH oO fer Oo HOD Non Af HNaFog ZH OSH NO Be RF AH AH ap AM nner BZ ad Wed toance tir NO Dy ne Pr Sat oO oan ° ° Zov too Be NHnHBO (sie Blo ys HO O8 HOSS DN HO HO NO ODB SoM OU ZUraA o HOO NH NO SePHoOoO HS OHO BH as Oa a=] = =z GO ZORF NAH NA FAAAN Bm ADS 5A =F NEA = <7) MM (Allen). SOUTH CAROLINA - First-generation larvae on corn in Pickens County. (Thomas, June 18). INDIANA - No egg masses in central, east-central, or southeast districts June 19; most corn less than 24 inches extended leaf. Second instars in light soil area of southwest Vigo County ranged 2-6 per plant on 62 percent of 38 to 42-inch corn and 1-3 per plant on 20 percent of 32 to 36-inch corn. Feeding light on 3-6 percent of 24 to 30-inch corn; no live larvae noted. Egg masses per 100 plants averaged 12 on 38 to 42-inch, 20 on 32 to 36-inch, and 8 on 24 to 30- inch plants. (Huber). ILLINOIS - Average per 100 plants by district; Northwest - egg masses 24, plants infested 14, larvae 17; west - egg masses 5, plants infested 5, larvae 0; west southwest - egg masses 5, plants infested 5, larvae 2; central - egg masses 6, plants infested 5, larvae 3; east - egg masses 11, plants infested 8, larvae 5. (Ill. Ins. Rpt.). WISCONSIN - Foliage damage by first instars ranged from less than 1 percent in Grant County to 10 percent in western Dane County. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MINNESOTA - First moth emergence in southwest, southeast, central, and east-central districts. Overwintering larvae in southwest, southeast, central, west-central, and east-central districts. Percent pupation averaged as follows: Southwest 80; west-central 20; central 90; and east-central 95. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). IOWA - Emergence 100 percent at Ankeny, Polk County, June 20. (Showers). MISSOURI - Infestations 20-100 percent in early planted corn in south- east area. Third and later instars in most southern counties; many entered stalks. First to third instars infested 0-56 percent of plants in northeast and east-~ central areas. Moth emergence complete in north. (Munson). NEBRASKA - First brood (light) in areas surveyed. Damage ranged 0-10 percent in Lancaster, Cass, Sarpy, Douglas, Washington, Dodge, Saunders, and Dixon Counties. (Keith, Rai). KANSAS - Leaf damage on 14-29 percent of plants in Jefferson County, less than 10 percent in Wyandotte County. Mostly first instars. (Brooks). Leaf damage on 5-10 percent of plants in Riley County. (Simpson). SOUTHWESTERN CORN BORER (Diatraea grandiosella) - ARIZONA - Larvae averaged 1 per plant in 40 acres of corn in Stewart District, Cochise County. (Kozloski). STALK BORER (Papaipema nebris) - INDIANA - Early and middle instars infested up to 15 percent of I-6 border rows deep in less than 5 percent of central area corn. (Huber, Matthew). WISCONSIN - Few small larvae in late corn in western Iowa County. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MINNESOTA - Damage light, less than 1 percent, on corn margin rows. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). NEBRASKA - Damage light, less than 1 percent, to. border rows of corn in Lancaster, Cass, Sarpy, Douglas, Washington, Dodge, and Saunders Counties. Found in potato vines and bromegrass heads in Lancaster County. (Keith, Rai). BLACK CUTWORM (Agrotis ipsilon) - WISCONSIN - Some damage to corn in Outagamie and Marathon Counties; damage insignificant to light in most areas. Some heavy damage in Marathon County. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). OHIO! - Larvae tunneled into plants in corn- field in Marion County; up to 5 percent of plants dying. Corn growth 12 inches. (Parrott, Blair). CORN ROOTWORMS (Diabrotica spp.) - MINNESOTA - First hatch of season in Hennepin and Wright Counties. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). IOWA - Few small larvae noted. (Peters). NEBRASKA - Hatch June 12 in Saunders County; 10-20 percent by June 17. D. longi- cornis and D. virgifera first and second instars; few third instars. D. undecim- punctata howardi present. (Munson, Lawson). KANSAS - Few D. virgifera in most cornfields in Jefferson, Wyandotte, and Johnson Counties; heavier than usual. (Brooks). WISCONSIN - Corn samples for D. longicornis larvae taken at 13 sites June 14, Total of 11 larvae collected from samples at 5 sites, negative in other samples. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). SOUTHERN CORN ROOTWORM (Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi) - MICHIGAN - First of season 3 per 10 sweeps in 2 Ingham County cornfields. (Newman, June 17). KANSAS - Averaged one per plant in Jefferson, Wyandotte, and Johnson Counties; heavier than usual. (Brooks). CORN FLEA BEETLES (Chaetocnema spp.) - MARYLAND - C. pulicaria damage light in Frederick and Washington Counties; light to moderate on 15 percent of 40-acre = 946) — field near Frederick June 14. Damage currently heavy on field corn near Creagers- town. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). DELAWARE - Chaetocnema pulicaria common on corn in many areas. (Burbutis, June 14). ARIZONA - C. ectypa averaged 100 per 100 sweeps in Maricopa County corn and sorghum. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). SORGHUM MIDGE (Contarinia sorghicola) - TEXAS - Total of 8 taken in 34 fields in Milam, Bell, and Robertson Counties; 5 taken in 10 fields in Burleson and Lee Counties. (Thomas, Green). CORN BLOTCH LEAF MINER (Agromyza parvicornis) - MARYLAND - Damaged 50 acres of corn 3.5 feet high near Kingston, Somerset County. Numbers heavy; blotching on 80 percent of leaves in stand. Adults 5-10 per sweep. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). CHINCH BUG (Blissus leucopterus) - OKLAHOMA - Averaged 2 per plant in cornfield in Tillman County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). TEXAS - Very light, 2-3 per stalk, in 20 Waller County fields. Very light in Grimes County. (Parker). FALSE CHINCH BUGS (Nysius spp.) - ARIZONA - Averaged 2 per plant on 60 acres of milo at Elfrida, Cochise County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). A FLEAHOPPER (Spanogonicus albofasciatus) - ARIZONA - Averaged 40 per 100 sweeps in sorghum at Casa Grande, Pinal County, and 2 per plant on 40 acres of corn in Steward District, Cochise County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). MAIZE BILLBUG (Sphenophorus maidis) - MARYLAND - Damage heavy to 40 percent of 10-acre cornfield near Quantico, Wicomico County; replanting necessary. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). DUSKY SAP BEETLE (Carpophilus lugubris) - MARYLAND - First adults of season feeding in corn whorls infested with Ostrinia nubilalis. Adults 1-2 per isolated plant in 50 acres of corn near Kingston, Somerset County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). WHITE GRUBS - WYOMING - Ranged 2-29 (average 14) per plant around base of plants near Lusk, Niobrara County. (Burkhardt, Parshall). GRASS THRIPS (Anaphothrips obscurus) - DELAWARE - Very heavy on corn in most areas of State; damage very heavy on corn in Kent and Sussex Counties. (Burbutis, June 14). SLUGS - VIRGINIA - Destroying sod-planted field corn in Pulaski County. (Allen, Scyphers). MARYLAND - Damaged many fields in Baltimore, Frederick, and Carroll Counties. Damaged 10 percent of field at Westminster, Carroll County. Injured 100 percent of stand in fields near Thurmont, Frederick County. Some controls required. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). OHIO - Deroceras sp. damage continues in field corn in Wayne County June 15-19. Counts per sweep averaged 2 in 5-acre field and ranged 10-13 in another field. Corn growth 4-8 inches June 19. (Glass). Damaging in Geauga (Miller) and Hamilton Counties (Rose). GARDEN SYMPHYLAN (Scutigerella immaculata) - OREGON - Destroyed young cornfield in Polk County. apizzi, June SMALL GRAINS SAY STINK BUG (Pitedia sayi) - UTAH - Moderate on grain field margins west of Kanosh, Millard County; Some moving to wheat and barley at Oak- City and half- grown nymphs present to west of Kanosh. (Knowlton, June 11). Very numerous on tansy mustard in Delta and Sutherland area. (Davis, Knowlton, June 11). COLORADO - Damaged wheat, barley, and other grains approaching dough stage in Fruita and Loma areas of Mesa County. Adults up to 2-4 per head on some fields; 15-25 per sweep in heavily infested fields. Controls used in ripening grain fields. (Colo. Ins. Sur.). = BY o ENGLISH GRAIN APHID (Macrosiphum avenae) - WISCONSIN - Light, less than 1 per sweep, in most oatfields; up to 50 percent alates. Heavy in oats in Door County. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). WHEAT STEM MAGGOT (Meromyza americana) - SOUTH DAKOTA - White heads common in 80- acre field of winter wheat near Wagner, Charles Mix County; infestation under one percent. (Balsbaugh, Alleman). EUROPEAN WHEAT STEM SAWFLY (Cephus pygmaeus) - MARYLAND - Collected on wheat at Roe, Queen Annes County, May 22, 1968, by J.L. Hellman. Det. by D.R. Smith. This is a new county record. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). TURF, PASTURES, RANGELAND WESTERN TUSSOCK MOTH (Hemerocampa vetusta) - NEVADA - Generally light on bitter- brush (Purshia tridentata) in Jacks Valley area, Douglas County; Carson City, Ormsby County; and Washoe Valley, Washoe County. Spotted and heavy in Jacks Valley; light on western serviceberry (Amelanchier alnifolia) in southern Washoe Valley. (Heringer). AN APHID (Iziphya flabella) - MISSOURI - Collected from sedge May 5, 1968, by W.S. Craig. This is a new State record. (Munson). A SCUTELLERID BUG (Eurygaster alternata) - CALIFORNIA - Nymphs and adults light to moderate on 50 acres of rangeland in Avila Beach, San Luis Obispo County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). FORAGE LEGUMES ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - MAINE - Generally second and some third instars increasing in alfalfa in Gorham and Westbrook; development enhanced by favorable weather. (Boulanger, June 18). NEW HAMPSHIRE - Damage continues to increase in alfalfa; economic primarily in southern area. Damage moderate to regrowth in some fields. Tip damage 30-50 percent in Suncook and Concord. Larvae 65-126 per 10 Sweeps at Concord June 13; many last instars and first cocoon of season noted. (Sutherland). VERMONT - Very few freshly laid eggs noted. All instars found in Chittenden, Grand Isle County, areas; damage severe in cut fields. (MacCollom). CONNECTICUT - Larvae 1,000+ and adults 15 per 100 sweeps June 18 at Storrs; pupation begun. Terminal damage 90+ percent. (Savos). NEW YORK - First pupae in Ithaca area June 12; mostly mid to late instars in area. Damage noted as far north as Niagara, Monroe, southern Jefferson, and Lewis Counties. Pupae increasing in Wayne County; damage 50+ percent in most alfalfa up to Lake Ontario. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt.). DELAWARE - Larvae light and damage very light on second-growth alfalfa in New Castle and Kent Counties. (Burbutis, June 14). MARYLAND - Adults still emerging on Eastern Shore. Adults 1-2 per 10 sweeps on 10 acres near Cambridge, Dorchester County. Adults 1-18 and larvae 5-130 per 10 sweeps on 9 Frederick County farms. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). OHIO - Harvest of first-growth alfalfa for hay 45 percent complete June 10; alfalfa and clover-timothy mixture in good condition. (Tucker). Stubble treatments on second-growth continues major concern in State. Stubble sprays applied in most fields in Medina and Wayne Counties; much damage to untreated new growth in these counties and in Ashland County. Damage severe in some uncut fields. (Thoburn, Glass). Larvae decreased to 2-4 per sweep in second-growth alfalfa in Pickaway and Ross Counties. (Rose). MICHIGAN - Summer adults evident on alfalfa in State. (Ruppel, Gomulinski, June 14). Adults 2 per 100 sweeps on 2 farms in Ingham County; present in Eaton County. Averaged 2 per 200 sweeps on margins. Noted in one field during survey of Kent, Ionia, and Clinton Counties. Kent County is a new county record. (Janes, June 17). Population 20 percent in cocoon, 70 percent final instars, and 10 percent first and second instars in Monroe and Lenawee Counties. Adults 40 per- cent from 1968 brood. Larvae ranged from 300 in Hillsdale and Branch Counties to 1,350-1,850 per 200 sweeps in Monroe, Lenawee, and St. Joseph Counties. Pupae 60 = 878 = percent, larvae 20 percent, and adults 20 percent in 150 cocoons. (Newman, June 20). INDIANA - Larvae 1-13 (average 3) per sweep on second-growth alfalfa ~ throughout central district. Leaf feeding light on 10-20 percent of plants. Adults 0-20 (average 4) per 10 sweeps on second-growth alfalfa in central area. (Huber). MISSOURI - All instars 0-12 per 10 sweeps on alfalfa in east-central area; adults in weedy vegetation outside fields. (Munson). ARKANSAS - Survey negative in Independence County. Heavy in area earlier in year. (Boyer, Barnes). NEBRASKA - Larvae decreasing to 0-48 per 100 sweeps in 10 fields in Dawson County. (Stevens). SOUTH DAKOTA - Damaged much alfalfa in southern Butte, Lawrence, and Meade Counties. Increased sharply; up to 2,200 larvae and 40 adults per 100 sweeps on 10 to 18-inch high alfalfa. First cutting of alfalfa underway in Lawrence County. Some controls applied. Damage will increase markedly in uncut fields within 10 days. (Jones, Walstrom). NORTH DAKOTA - First through third instars heavy, 30- 5,640 (average 1,077) per 100 sweeps, in irrigated alfalfa in Yellowstone and Missouri River Valleys, McKenzie County. Adults up to 150 (average 40) per 100 sweeps; terminal damage up to 100 (average 64) percent. Up to 5 (average 1.3) percent of foliage eaten. Controls will be necessary where first crop used for seed production. Larvae ranged 10-200 (average 70) and adults up to 2 (average less than 1) per 100 sweeps in Ft. Clark area in Mercer and Oliver Counties; less than one percent of foliage eaten. Late bud to early bloom alfalfa 12-30 inches high. First cutting underway. Larvae 1 per 300 sweeps in alfalfa in White Earth River area, Mountrail County, for new county record. (Brandvik). WYOMING - Activity increased on north-central and northeast area alfalfa. Averages per 100 sweeps by county: Converse - 218 larvae, 18 adults; Crook - 850 larvae, 49 adults; Niobrara - 80 larvae, 3 adults; Weston - 500 larvae, 30 adults; Campbell - 1,500 larvae, 27 adults; Johnson - 1,500 larvae, 114 adults. Damage - moderate in Campbell and Johnson Counties. Alfalfa in bud stage. (Parshall). COLORADO -— High in most uncut fields in northeastern area; larvae 1,000-3,000 and adults 10-70 per 100 sweeps in many fields in Weld, Larimer, and Boulder Counties. Larvae 10-60 and adults 10-20 per 100 sweeps in Arkansas Valley. (Johnson, Rothman). NEW MEXICO - Heavy on San Juan County alfalfa; adults 25-66 and larvae 400-700 per 25 sweeps. Leaves and tips badly damaged. Widespread throughout San Juan County. Some controls applied. (Heninger). UTAH - Damage, according to observers, worst in more than 20 years in Delta and Sutherland area of Millard County June 11. Larvae heavy and adults numerous in fields. Damage severe at Lake Point, Tooele County. Larval damage moderate to severe to first- crop alfalfa in St. George and Santa Clara area, Washington County; damage evident in Kanosh area. Damage unusually severe June 20 on unsprayed alfalfa at Abraham and Hinckley, Millard County. Some seed fields sprayed 3 times. (Knowlton). NEVADA - Larvae peaked June 8-14 in Fallon, Churchill County; Mason Valley, Lyon County; and Lovelock, Pershing County. Reaching peak in Douglas County. Newly emerged adults in Churchill, Lyon, and Pershing Counties; first and second in- stars numerous in Douglas County. (Arnett). IDAHO - Controls applied to alfalfa field south of Mountain Home, Elmore County, June 14; larval damage on 85 percent of terminal buds June 17. (Edwards, Portman). Larval damage on all plant terminals in 4 Lincoln County alfalfa fields. Pupae expected within week. Less than 10 percent small and early instars. (Hopkins, Portman). Larval damage gen- eral on 75+ percent of terminals throughout southern area. Harvest underway. General population expected by hay removal time. (Portman). OREGON - Larvae up to 10 per sweep in many fields in Klamath County; damage extensive. (Jendrzejewski, June 15). Larvae 5 per sweep June 13 in unsprayed field near Adrian, Malheur County; 2 adults taken. Damage light in area. First and later instars cur- rently averaged 0.05-0.15 per sweep in new growth and 0.30-0.50 per sweep in uncut field; 2 adults in uncut field. Damage negligible at Sauvie, Multnomah County. This is a new county record. (Westcott, Goeden). CLOVER HEAD WEEVIL (Hypera meles) - MISSOURI - Adults and larvae collected in white and hop clover in Crawford, Iron, Stoddard, and Washington Counties. These are new county records. (Munson). CLOVER LEAF WEEVIL (Hypera punctata) - IOWA - Adult damage severe to 5l-acre alfalfa and clover field; adults up to 28 per square foot. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). S BK) oS CLOVER SEED WEEVIL (Miccotrogus picirostris) - MISSOURI - Adults collected from white clover at Kahoka, Clark County, June 16, 1968, by L.H. Barrows. This is a new county record. (Munson). PEA APHID (Acyrthosiphon pisum) - WASHINGTON - Light, 50+ per sweep, on alfalfa in Touchet and Lowden area, Walla Walla County. (Featherston, June 14). OREGON - Averaged 20-30 per sweep in unsprayed alfalfa field near Adrian, Malheur County; predators one per sweep June 13. (Westcott, Goeden). UTAH - Light in alfalfa in Delta, Sutherland, and Oak City areas of Millard County. Counts per 10 sweeps ranged 1-4 in Santa Clara and St. George area, Washington County, and 2-7 in Kanosh and Delta area, Millard County. (Knowlton, June 11). ARIZONA - Counts per 100 sweeps in alfalfa averaged 600 at San Simon, Cochise County, and 200 in Litchfield area, Maricopa County. Moderate in Safford area, Graham County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). COLORADO - Heavy on uncut alfalfa in northeastern area. Counts per 100 sweeps ranged 5,000-10,000 in Boulder, Larimer, and Weld Counties and 250-1,000 in Arkansas Valley. (Johnson). WYOMING - Adults and nymphs per ' 100 sweeps ranged 10-200 in Niobrara, Weston, Crook, and Campbell Counties; 200- 1,200 in Converse County; 1,000-9,000 in Johnson County. (Parshall). NORTH DAKOTA - Counts per 100 sweeps in alfalfa by county: McKenzie, 2,000-8,000 (average 4,300); Oliver and Mercer, 250-1,200 (average 700); Burleigh and Morton 120-2,500 (average 1,000). Lady beetles up to 90 (average 36), green lacewings 30 per 100 sweeps. (Brandvik). NEBRASKA - Ranged 1-63 per 20 sweeps in Dawson County. (Stevens). OKLAHOMA - Ranged 0-6 per 100 sweeps in 10 alfalfa fields in Tillman, Jackson, and Harmon Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). WISCONSIN - Variable; increas- -ing to 100+ per sweep in regrowth alfalfa in southwestern counties. Averaged 5 per plant on individual plants. Generally much lighter on first-growth alfalfa in southwest and central counties; lady beetles prevalent in many fields. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). INDIANA - Light, 5-20 per sweep, on central area alfalfa. (Huber). MEADOW SPITTLEBUG (Philaenus spumarius) - MISSOURI - Adults collected in Ste. Genevieve County for new county record. (Munson). WISCONSIN - Mostly adults in alfalfa in southwest and southern areas; up to 40 per sweep in few fields. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). THREE-CORNERED ALFALFA HOPPER (Spissistilus festinus) - ARIZONA - Ranged 80-90 per 100 sweeps in alfalfa at Safford, Graham County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). ALFALFA CATERPILLAR (Colias eurytheme) - UTAH - Counts per 10 sweeps ranged 1-2.- in alfalfa in Millard County and 0-1 in Washington County. (Knowlton, June 11p. WYOMING - Larvae averaged 5 per 100 sweeps on Crook and Weston County alfalfa.’ (Parshall). COLORADO - Larvae increased to 10-30 per 100 sweeps in eastern area. (Johnson). NEW MEXICO - Larvae 10-20 per 25 sweeps on San Juan County alfalfa. (Heninger). OKLAHOMA - Ranged 1-5 per 10 sweeps in alfalfa in Kiowa, Jackson, and Tillman Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). GREEN CLOVERWORM (Plathypena scabra) - DELAWARE - First adult of season collected in blacklight trap in Sussex County June 7. (Burbutis). MARYLAND - Larvae 6-10 per 10 sweeps in 10 acres of second-growth alfalfa near Cambridge, Dorchester County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). INDIANA - Early instars 1-10 and late instars 0-5 per 10 sweeps on.alfalfa in central area. Parasite eggs 2-6 per larva on 75 percent of late instars; none on early instars. (Huber). OKLAHOMA - Ranged 8-25 per 10 sweeps in alfalfa in southwest area; heavy in northeast area. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). : BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) - ARIZONA - Larvae 15 per 100 sweeps in 80-acre alfalfa field in Elfrida area, Cochise County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). NEW MEXICO - Larvae 1-5 per 25 sweeps on alfalfa in Roswell, Chaves County. (Mathews). WESTERN YELLOW-STRIPED ARMYWORM (Prodenia praefica) - NEVADA - Small larvae, especially this species, and Ceramica picta numerous in alfalfa in Yerington, Lyon County, and Lovelock, Pershing County. (Arnett, Martinelli). = a3) = CUTWORMS - WISCONSIN - Total of 165 Spaelotis clandestina, 33 Euxoa scandens, 45 Lacinipolia renigera, and 125 Orthodes cynica and Protorthodes oviduca complex determined from larvae previously collected in damaged alfalfa in central sands area. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). See CEIR 18(20):417, 18(21):439, 18(25):547. (PPC). ALFALFA WEBWORM (Loxostege commixtalis) - OKLAHOMA - Averaged 4 per 10 sweeps in alfalfa field in Harmon County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). A PSYCHID MOTH (Apterona crenulella) - CALIFORNIA - Larvae moderate on alfalfa plantings in Alturas, Fort Bidwell, and Tulelake, Modoc County. Normally non- economic in limited infestation of northern area. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). LYGUS BUGS (Lygus spp.) - NEVADA - Nymphs and adults averaged 9 per sweep in alfalfa seed fields in Lovelock, Pershing County, and 12 per sweep in Jungo, Humboldt County. (Adams, Martinelli). UTAH - Adults 16-34 and nymphs 12-53 per 10 sweeps in alfalfa in St. George and Santa Clara area, Washington County; mostly L. elisus adults 27-38 and nymphs 12-23 per 10 sweeps in alfalfa at Oak City, Millard County, June 11. Ranged 3-38 per 10 sweeps on alfalfa at Abraham and South Deseret, Mitlard County, June 20. (Knowlton). WYOMING - Adults and nymphs 10-55 per 100 sweeps on alfalfa in Converse, Niobrara, Weston, Crook, Campbell, and Johnson Counties. (Parshall). NEW MEXICO - Increasing to 15-70 per 25 sweeps in alfalfa in State. (Mathews). ARIZONA - Counts per 100 sweeps on alfalfa by county: Cochise, 300 at San Simon and 250 at Elfrida; Grahan, 210 at Safford; Pinal, 140 at Casa Grande. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). TARNISHED PLANT BUG (Lygus lineolaris) - OKLAHOMA - Ranged 6-20 per 10 sweeps in 10 alfalfa fields in Tillman, Jackson, and Harmon Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). INDIANA - Adults ranged from 3 per 5 sweeps to 2 per sweep and nymphs ranged 1-4 per 5 sweeps on second-growth alfalfa in central districts. (Huber). ALFALFA PLANT BUG (Adelphocoris lineolatus) - WISCONSIN - Primarily adults pre- valent in most alfalfa; few nymphs. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). GARDEN FLEAHOPPER (Halticus bracteatus) - MISSOURI - Heavy, 80-200 per 10 SWeeps, in alfalfa field in Ste. Genevieve County. (Munson). SAY STINK BUG (Pitedia sayi) - UTAH - Moderate on mustards at Oak City and on alfalfa west of Kanosh, Millard County; some moving to wheat and barley.at Oak City and half-grown nymphs present west of Kanosh. (Knowlton, June 11). Very numerous on Sophia sp. in Delta and Sutherland area. (Davis, Knowlton, June 11). Ranged 1-7 per 10 sweeps on alfalfa in Deseret, Oasis, and Abraham, Millard County. More numerous on Sophia mustards at Oak City, Millard County. (Knowlton). THRIPS - MISSOURI - Heavy, 1-8 per leaf, in alfalfa in southeast and south- central areas. (Munson). NEW MEXICO - Generally light to medium on alfalfa in all areas. (N.M. Coop. Rpt.). UTAH - Very numerous June 11 in alfalfa in Delta and Sutherland area, Millard County (Davis, Knowlton), and in St. George and Washington, Washington County (Knowlton, June 11). ARIZONA - Frankliniella spp. averaged 600 per 100 sweeps on alfalfa in Elfrida, Cochise County; heavy in all fields at Safford, Graham County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). SOYBEANS BEAN LEAF BEETLE (Cerotoma trifurcata) -— MARYLAND - Adult damage light to 10 per- cent in 20-acre soybean field near Preston, Caroline County; damage generally light on 1-10 percent of soybeans throughout Queen Annes County June 14. Damage gen- erally light as of June 24. Injury less than 5 percent on 20 acres on Kent Island, less than 1 percent on 25 acres at Easton, and 10 percent (light) on 30-acre planting near Edgemere. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). ILLINOIS - Light in State. Infestations averaged 16 percent in west district and 1 percent in east district. GELS ins. Rpt»). = Sil = MEXICAN BEAN BEETLE (Epilachna varivestis) - MARYLAND - Damage light, less than 5 percent, on 50 acres near DavidSonville, Anne Arundel County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). VIRGINIA - Light to heavy; heaviest in earlier planted soybeans. Adults ranged 1-20 per row foot. Controls necessary in few heavily infested fields. No larvae or egg masses noted in Westmoreland County. (Ptucha, June 14). One egg mass and 3 small larvae detected in Westmoreland County, (Allen, Ptucha). More prevalent in 1968 than in several years in many gardens in Fluvanna County. (Watts). More numerous than usual this year on Eastern Shore. Damaged beans and soybeans. (Hofmaster). Overwintered adults heavy in soybean-producing counties of State; seedlings damaged. (Rowell). SOUTH CAROLINA - Larvae in many fields; very few adults observed in Dillon and Chesterfield Counties. (Thomas, June 18). .- A WIREWORM (Limonius sp.) - INDIANA - Larvae destroyed 2-25 percent of seedlings in 200-acre field in Jasper County. (Lehker). LYGUS BUGS (Lygus spp.) - ARIZONA - Averaged 3 per plant in Bowie, Cochise County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). THRIPS - ARKANSAS - Banded thrips most numerous species in soybeans; noneconomic. (Boyer, Barnes). DELAWARE - Sericothrips variabilis on young soybean foliage in many areas. (Burbutis). PEANUTS TOBACCO THRIPS (Frankliniella fusca) - ALABAMA - Damage by this and other species continues heavy in untreated fields in southeast area, especially in Crenshaw and Bullock Counties. (Handley et al.). COTTON BOLL WEEVIL (Anthonomus grandis) - TEXAS - Weevils found in 8 of 21 untreated fields and in 3 of 26 treated fields in McLennan and Falls Counties. Averaged 20 (maximum 156) per acre in untreated fields and 8 (maximum 82) in treated fields. Overall average of 16 compares with 103 during same period in 1967. Percent punctured squares ranged 0-6 (average 0.9) in 8 treated fields and 0-18 (average 6.2) in 5 untreated fields. No weevils collected on flight screens. One weevil taken in sex attractant test; total to date 904. (Cowan et al.). See page 598 for High Plains and El Paso areas. OKLAHOMA - Weevils per 100 row feet averaged 4 in squaring field in Jefferson County and one in 6-leaf cotton in Jackson County field. Counts per 200 row feet averaged 3 in margins and 2 in interior of 8-leaf cotton field. Light in Marshall County. Negative in Tillman, Cotton, Harmon, Greer, Kiowa, Grady, and Washita Counties. Nearly 80-85 percent of cotton in 2 to 4-leaf stage throughout southwest counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). ARKANSAS - Overwintered weevils found in 13 of 2,370 fields surveyed. (Boyer, Barnes). LOUISIANA - Total of 28 weevils taken from cages and 52 from winged traps in sex attractant test in Madison Parish; 25 recovered from cotton plants. Males comprised 39.1 percent of collections from winged traps and 73.9 percent from cotton plants. Total weevils to date 2,383. Weevils averaged 50 per acre in 2 fields and 65 per acre in one field of 57 fields inspected. Punctured squares found in 29 of 57 fields. (Cleveland et al., June 20). MISSISSIPPI - Light and scattered in areas checked. First-generation egg punctures in some fields. Infestations ranged 2-3 percent in fields checked in south delta area. (Dinkins). Percent punctured squares averaged 2, 0.5, and 1 in 3 of 5 fields in delta counties; no weevils in terminals in 33 fields. (Pfrimmer et al.). ALABAMA - Overwintered weevils generally heavy throughout southern and central areas. Cotton fully fruiting in most fields from southern State line to Greene, Autauga, and Lee Counties. Punctured squares heavy, 20-85 percent, in southern area; new generation in extreme southern area. Controls general in area. Heavy in counties just north of this area, up to and including Bibb and Shelby; cotton not fully fruiting. Overwintered weevils in some fields and egg laying begun in - 582 - few other fields in northern area. Live weevils light in these counties and much below that of 1967. Earliest "hatchout" of weevils in this area expected July 10-25 and will be light and spotted. (McQueen). TENNESSEE - More over- wintered weevils found this period than at any other time this season in southern tier of counties. (Locke). BOLLWORMS (Heliothis spp.) - TEXAS - Eggs averaged 0.2 and larvae 0.1 per 100 terminals in 52 fields in McLennan and Falls Counties; injured squares averaged 0.4 percent in 13 fields. Total of 41 larvae previously collected on phlox, Texas star, corn, and alfalfa determined H. zea; 4 larvae taken from Texas star determined H. virescens. Total of 289 H. zea and 12 H. virescens determined from wild hosts to date. One H. virescens and Il H. zea larvae collected on cotton. (Cowan et al.). ARKANSAS - Eggs only in 133 fields, larvae only in 74 fields, and eggs and larvae in 22 fields of 2,370 fields survyed. (Boyer, Barnes). LOUISIANA - Larvae ranged 50-715 (average 195) per acre in 13 of 57 fields in Madison Parish. Eggs found in 41 of 46 fields checked. Collected 4 H. zea in light trap; no H. virescens. (Cleveland et al., June 20). MISSISSIPPI - First to third instars of H. zea and H. virescens light to moderate, mostly in ter- minals, in 15 fields in Yazoo County; some damage to squares. Decrease expected due to beneficial insects and absence of eggs. (Dinkins). Injured squares found in all 5 fields surveyed in delta counties; averaged 1.8 (maximum 2.5) percent. Eggs averaged 1.62 (maximum 11.5) per 100 terminals in 24 of 33 fields checked. (Pfrimmer et al.). ALABAMA - Egg laying increased greatly throughout State past 10 days; larvae increased sharply in some fields. Larvae heaviest in fields in Perry and Colbert Counties where controls killed most benefical insects. (Ivey, Counts). TENNESSEE - Few eggs found in early cotton. (Locke). BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) - NEW MEXICO - Controls necessary in many fields in Eddy, Chaves, Dona Ana, and Sierra Counties. (N.M. Coop. Rpt.). TEXAS - Decreasing in most areas of High Plains. Heavy in some areas of Gaines and Yoakum Counties; light in Floyd, Terry, and Dawson Counties; moderate but decreas- ing in Cochran County. (Almand, June 18). STALK BORER (Papaipema nebris) - TENNESSEE - Damaged terminal buds in several fields. (Locke). SALT-MARSH CATERPILLAR (Estigmene acrea) -— LOUISIANA - Collected 11 in light trap in Madison Parish. (Cleveland et al., June 20). TARNISHED PLANT BUG (Lygus lineolaris) - LOUISIANA - Ranged 2-27 (average 10.9) per 100 sweeps in 24 of 25 fields in Madison Parish. (Cleveland et al., June 20). MISSISSIPPI - Spotted in Yazoo County; moderate to heavy in some fields and light in others. Damage to squares in most fields; some treatments required. (Dinkins). Found in 20 of 33 fields in delta counties; averaged 1.4 (maximum 4) per 100 terminals. (Pfrimmer et al.). ALABAMA - Adults plentiful in most fields in Colbert, Shelby, and other northern counties; destroying very small to larger squares. More widespread and damaging in northern area. (McQueen). TENNESSEE - Heavier than usual for time of year in southern tier of counties. (Locke). LYGUS BUGS (Lygus spp.) - ARIZONA - Heavy at Marana and Sahuarita, Pima County. (McLain). Averaged 40 per 100 sweeps at Casa Grande, Pinal County, and 3 per plant in Cochise County; light at Safford, Graham County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). COTTON FLEAHOPPER (Psallus seriatus) - TEXAS - Widespread in Dawson, Gaines, and Yoakum Counties; light to medium in Martin County. (Almand, June 18). Increase continues; nymphs heavy in most fields in McLennan and Falls Counties. Averaged 10.8 (maximum 45) per 100 terminals in 34 treated fields and 34.9 (maximum 78.3) in 18 untreated fields. (Cowan et al.). ARIZONA - Averaged 70 per 100 sweeps in field at Casa Grande, Pinal County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). - 583 - FLEAHOPPERS - LOUISIANA - Averaged 1.5 per 100 sweeps in 4 fields in Madison Parish. (Cleveland et al., June 20). OKLAHOMA - Ranged up to 10 (average 2-3) per 100 row feet in southwest area. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). ARIZONA - Spanogonicus albofasciatus counts per 100 sweeps averaged 60 at Casa Grande, Pinal County, and I0 on west Side of Salt River Valley, Maricopa County. Averaged 4 per plant in San Simon and Bowie areas, Cochise County. (Uetz 4 (COO Swre4)) o FALSE CHINCH BUGS (Nysius spp.) - ARIZONA - Ranged 2-5 per plant in 120 acres at Bowie, Cochise County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). APHIDS - TENNESSEE - Decreasing due to hot weather and predators. (Locke). TEXAS - Light in Cochran and Terry Counties. (Almand, June 18). Light in 24 of 30 fields in McLennan and Falls Counties. (Cowan et al.). D THRIPS - TEXAS - Light in Terry, Gaines, Yoakum, Cochran, and Lynn Counties; light to medium in Dawson and Martin Counties; light to heavy in Floyd County. (Almand, June 18). Light in 29 of 30 fields in McLennan and Falls Counties. (Cowan et al.). LOUISIANA - Ranged 0.02-0.87 (averaged 0.18) per plant in 9 late- planted fields in Madison Parish. (Cleveland et al., June 20). TENNESSEE - Damage light to moderate throughout western section; most cotton beyond stage for serious damage. (Johnson, June 14). MISSISSIPPI - Frankliniella spp. heavy on some seedling cotton throughout State; plant growth Slowed. (Dinkins). ALABAMA - Adults and nymphs of F. fusca and other species heavily damaged untreated young cotton in much of northern area. Serious in 8-leaf cotton field in Colbert County; controls required. (McQueen). SPIDER MITES - SOUTH CAROLINA - Controls repeated in Dillon County. First |. appeared at field edges in early May (Bauer, June 18); first noted in July in 1967 and usually in August in past years. (Witherspoon, Adams). MISSISSIPPI - Tetranychus spp. moderate to heavy in some areas of Washington, Coahoma, Leflore, and Holmes Counties. (Dinkins). ALABAMA - T. urticae increase continues during hot, dry weather in much of State; some controls applied. (McQueen) . TOBACCO TOBACCO FLEA BEETLE (Epitrix hirtipennis) - MARYLAND - Damage medium to heavy on 4 acres of newly set tobacco at Davidsonville, Anne Arundel County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). VIRGINIA - Decreased on tobacco in Pittsylvania County. (Dominick, June 14). WIREWORMS - SOUTH CAROLINA - Infested several fields in Florence, Clarendon, Marion, and Horry Counties; numbers and damage heavy in one field. (Thomas ,, June 18). CUTWORMS - MARYLAND - Feeding light on lower leaves of newly set tobacco near Davidsonville. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). SUGARBEETS SUGAR-BEET ROOT MAGGOT (Tetanops myopaeformis) - COLORADO - Larval damage exten- sive at Longmont, Boulder County, and Windsor, Weld County; infested 10-20 per- cent of many fields. (Johnson). NORTH DAKOTA - Pupation nearly complete. Most adults emerged and should peak in 7 days. Adults abundant in 1967 fields; moving into 1968 crop. (Dogger). SPINACH LEAF MINER (Pegomya hyoscyami) - MICHIGAN - Mostly pupae in sugarbeets in Bay County; second generation should appear in 7-10 days. (Ruppel, June 17). COLORADO - Larvae infested 10-15 percent of plants in Weld, Boulder, and Larimer Counties. (Johnson). - 584 - BEET WEBWORM (Loxostege sticticalis) - COLORADO - Light in Mesa, Delta, and Montrose Counties. (Bulla). MISCELLANEOUS FIELD CROPS HOP LOOPER (Hypena humuli) - WASHINGTON - Damage 20-30 percent in basal hop foliage; infestations general in lower Yakima Valley, Benton County. (Klostermeyer, June 14). SUNFLOWER MOTH (Homoeosoma electellum) - TEXAS - Larvae heavy on sunflowers near McGregor, McLennan County. (Teetes). POTATOES, TOMATOES, PEPPERS COLORADO POTATO BEETLE (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) - MAINE - Light in potato plantings at Gorham. (Boulanger, June 18). NEW JERSEY - Still troublesome in many tomato fields statewide. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). DELAWARE - Adults, eggs, and young larvae trace to common on some tomatoes in New Castle County. (Burbutis, June 14). Larvae heavy in commercial tomato plantings in Kent County. (McCreary, June 20). MARYLAND - Defoliation heavy on unsprayed tomatoes (2 acres) near Salisbury, Wicomico County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). VIRGINIA - Young to late larvae light to medium in 5-50 percent of plants; some controls applied in West- moreland County. (Ptucha, June 14). Adults plentiful in 1968 where noneconomic past several years in Fluvanna County. (Watts). New-brood adults emerged and fed on Eastern Shore. Egg laying unusually heavy due to unseasonably low temper- atures. Development 10-14 days ahead compared with 1967; extensive damage to potatoes could occur. Much injury could occur to tomatoes due to migration after potato harvest. (Hofmaster). COLORADO - Adults 1-5 and egg masses 2-3 per 100 row feet; all instars 0-10 per plant. (Johnson). IDAHO - Population heaviest in several years in southern Power County; adults and eggs on 75+ per- cent of plants. Lady beetles in all fields; destroyed eggs in some cases. (Portman). WASHINGTON - Eggs noted on potatoes in Pasco area of Benton and Franklin Counties; no damage. (Hokanson). FLEA BEETLES - MAINE - Epitrix cucumeris abundant on potatoes at Gorham. Numbers light, damage light to moderate in Presque Isle. (Boulanger, June 18). VIRGINIA - First-brood adults of E. cucumeris present on Eastern Shore. (Hofmaster) . MARYLAND - Chaetocnema confinis increasing in Wicomico County; 1-7 per plant in fields near Salisbury. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). TOMATO FRUITWORM (Heliothis zea) - ALABAMA - Larvae damaged 2 tomato fields (several hundred acres) on Chandler Mountain, St. Clair County. (Leeper). ARIZONA - Light in tomatoes in home gardens at Safford, Graham County; moderate in commercial tomatoes at Yuma, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). POTATO APHID (Macrosiphum euphorbiae) - NEW JERSEY - Troublesome in many tomato fields statewide. (ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). DELAWARE - Colonies common on tomatoes in one area of New Castle County. (Burbutis, June 14). WISCONSIN - Moderate to heavy on tomatoes and potatoes in Dane County gardens. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). GREEN PEACH APHID (Myzus persicae) - WASHINGTON - Apterae and alates on potatoes June 10 at Lynden, Whatcom County; more active than usual for period. (Landis, June 14). NEW JERSEY - Built up rapidly on potatoes near Lumberton, Burlington County; troublesome in many tomato fields statewide. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). DELAWARE - Present on sweet peppers in Sussex County. (Burbutis, June 14). - 585 = BEANS AND PEAS MEXICAN BEAN BEETLE (Epilachna varivestis) - DELAWARE - Adults trace to common on snap beans in Sussex County; damage moderately heavy in some areas. (Burbutis, June 14). Heavy on commercial snap bean planting in southern area. (MacCreary, June 20). MARYLAND - Damage heavy to 90 percent of 20-acre planting near Vienna, Wicomico County; controls applied. Defoliation medium to heavy on 50 percent of plants in 10-acre field near Mardela Springs. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). ALABAMA - Adults and larvae heavy on large pole bean acreage in Etowah County. (Smith et al.). BEAN LEAF BEETLE (Cerotoma trifurcata) - MARYLAND - Adult damage light on 5 per- cent of 60-acre bean field near Ruthsburg, Queen Annes County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept., June 14). PEA APHID (Acyrthosiphon pisum) - WISCONSIN - Variable; increasing to 30-50 per sweep on midseason peas (5 inches high) in southwestern counties. Some controls on peas underway. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). A THRIPS (Sericothrips variabilis) - DELAWARE - Abundant; damage heavy in Sussex County. (Burbutis, June COLE CROPS CABBAGE MAGGOT (Hylemya brassicae) - NEW YORK - Adults, pupae, and larvae in Ontario County; damage evident in untreated fields. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt., June 17). MICHIGAN - Adults common in Monroe County. (Wells, June 24). OKLAHOMA - Ranged 8-12 per head on cabbage in Payne County home garden; damage heavy. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). DIAMONDBACK MOTH (Plutella xylostella) - NORTH DAKOTA - Damaged mustard in Pierce County. Larvae per 100 Sweeps by county: Ward, 0-4 (average 20); Bottineau, 1-180 (average 36); Pierce, 7-300 (average 93). Adults per 100 sweeps by county: Ward, 0-100 (average 50); Bottineau, 2-150 (average 41); Renville, 2-20 (average 8); Pierce 100-1,000 (average 683). Mustard growth ranged from few inches to over 2 feet; some advanced fields in half bloom. (Kaatz). IMPORTED CABBAGEWORM (Pieris rapae) - IOWA - Larval feeding -heavy in home garden cabbage in Polk County. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). OHIO - Larval damage by this species and Trichoplusia ni 5 percent in 30 acres of cabbage in Sandusky County June 15. (Maddy) . WESTERN BLACK FLEA BEETLE (Phyllotreta pusilla) - NORTH DAKOTA - Damage up to 50 percent in mustard in north-central counties. Counts per 100 sweeps by county: Ward, 85-350 (average 217); Bottineau, 7-1,250 (average 302); Renville, 30-350 (average 151); Pierce, 5-600 (average 135); McHenry, 800 in one field. (Kaatz). CUCURBITS STRIPED CUCUMBER BEETLE (Acalymma vittatum) - MAINE - Damage serious to Squash and cucumber in many areas of State June 16. (Boulanger). DELAWARE - Damage con- tinues on young cucumber plants. (MacCreary, June 20). MARYLAND - Generally damage heavy to young cucurbits on Eastern Shore; controls necessary on young plants in many counties. (U. Md., Ent. Dept., June 14). SPOTTED CUCUMBER BEETLE (Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi) - OKLAHOMA - Medium to heavy on cucumbers in Choctaw and Bryan Counties. Heavy, killing cucumbers in Payne County garden. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). CUTWORMS - WISCONSIN - Foliage damage light on cucumbers in Waushara County; some plants killed due to severe infestation at soil surface. Some controls applied. Damage severe in home gardens in area. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). = 9386 — SQUASH BUG (Anasa tristis) - OKLAHOMA - Adults and eggs heavy on squash in Payne County; medium on Squash in Washita and Bryan Counties. (Okla. Coop.-Sur.). INSECT DETECTION New State Records A WEEVIL (Hormops abducens) - NORTH CAROLINA - In squirrel nest box in Umstead State Park, Wake County, January 14, 1967. Collected by A.L. Kyles. Det. by R.E. Warner. (Weekman). -AN APHID (Iziphya flabella) - MISSOURI - Collected from sedge May’5, 1968, by Wes.) CraTge (MeEaLO Ne A PLANT BUG (Orthotylus chlorionis) - DELAWARE - Fed on honeylocust at Wilmington, New Castle County, June 19, 1968. (p. 594). A DEER FLY (Chrysops niger taylori) - SOUTH CAROLINA - Very abundant in Pawleys Island area of Georgetown County. (p. 596). New County Records AN ANT (Aphaenogaster tennesseensis) - MARYLAND - Collected from saw logs near Centreville, Queen Annes County, April 17, 1968, by J.L. Hellman. Det. by D.R. Smith. CU. Md., Ent: Dept.)). EUROPEAN WHEAT STEM SAWFLY (Cephus pygmaeus) - MARYLAND - Queen Annes County. (p. 577). ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - MICHIGAN - Kent County. (p. 577). NORTH DAKOTA - Mountrail County. OREGON - Multnomah County. (p. 578). CLOVER HEAD WEEVIL (Hypera meles) - MISSOURI - Crawford, Iron, Stoddard, and Washington Counties. DEED ZS )E CLOVER SEED WEEVIL (Miccotrogus picirostris) - MISSOURI - Clark County, (p. 579). MEADOW SPITTLEBUG (Philaenus spumarius) - MISSOURI - Ste. Genevieve County. (pem19))- ad YELLOW SCALE (Aonidiella citrina) - FLORIDA - Osceola County. (p. 590). GLOVER SCALE (Lepidosaphes gloverii) - FLORIDA - Osceola County. (p. 590). AN ERIOPHYID MITE (Eriophyes gardeniella) - FLORIDA - Dade, Martin, Osceola, and Highlands Counties. p. o A MOSQUITO (Aedes atlanticus) - MISSOURI - Boone County. (pe 595) A BLACK FLY (Simulium gouldingi) - PENNSYLVANIA - Forest County. (p. 596). CEREAL LEAF BEETLE (Oulema melanopus) - PENNSYLVANIA - Erie, Venango, Washington, Westmoreland, and Indiana Counties. (p. 599). CORRECTIONS CEIR 18(24) :528 - IMPORTED WILLOW LEAF BEETLE (Plagiodera versidolora) should read (Plagiodera versicolora) CEIR 18(24):513 - ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - WISCONSIN - ... Damaged one per 10 terminals in 50 plants examined ... should read ... Damaged one in 50 terminals examined ... (Wis. Ins. Sur.). SOS GENERAL VEGETABLES ASPARAGUS BEETLE (Crioceris asparagi) - MARYLAND - Adult and larval damage heavy to asparagus garden plots near Greenbelt, Prince Georges County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept., June 14). DELAWARE - Larvae feeding on asparagus ferns. (MacCreary, June 20). SPOTTED ASPARAGUS BEETLE (Crioceris duodecimpunctata) - MARYLAND - First adult of season on aSparagus at Greenbelt, Prince Georges County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept., June 14). TORTOISE BEETLES - MARYLAND - Metriona bicolor, Agroiconota bivittata, Deloyala guttata and Chelymorpha cassidea lightly defoliated 5-acre sweetpotato planting near Salisbury, Wicomico County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). CUTWORMS - MAINE - In gardens in most areas of State. Very heavy in coastal areas of Waldo County. (Boulanger, June 18). MICHIGAN - Sharp decrease in flights indicated by blacklight traps. Flights peaked much closer together than normal due to weather. Flights of Agrotis ipsilon and Amathes c-nigrum nearing end at Sodus June 17, Caught 68 Spaelotis clandestina moths, 2.5 times higher than usual, in blacklight traps in Berrien County June 11-12. Local problems possible. (Janes). ONION MAGGOT (Hylemya antiqua) - CALIFORNIA - Larvae heavy on green onions at Susanville, Lassen County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). MICHIGAN - Second-generation adults prevalent on onion in many central areas, (Wells, June 24). THRIPS - COLORADO - Thrips tabaci adults averaged 0-4 per onion plant in most eastern areas, except in Southeast Weld County and at La Junta, Crowley County, where counts range 10-15 per plant. (Johnson). CALIFORNIA - Limothrips cerealium adults heavy on vegetables at Laguna Hills, Orange County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). DECIDUOUS FRUITS AND NUTS CODLING MOTH (Carpocapsa pomonella) - WASHINGTON - Larvae entering peach shoots at Moxee, Yakima County, June 5. (Johnson, Hudson). COLORADO - Moths in attractant traps in all southwestern peach areas, mostly low counts at present date. (Colo. Ins. Sur.). TEXAS - Damaged El Paso County apples. . (Dickson). MISSOURI - Moderate in unsprayed apples in central area; light in southeast and west-central areas, (Wkly. Rpt., Fr. Grs., June 18). INDIANA - Caught 7 over- wintered males in sex lure traps in Vincennes orchard. (Dolphin, June 17). WISCONSIN - Caught 9 in blacklight trap at Madison June 13-19, (Wis. Ins. Sur.). DELAWARE - Emergence complete in Woodside cage. (MacCreary, June 20). NEW JERSEY - Caught 8 in bait jar June 11-18 in Gloucester County. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). NEW YORK - Larval entries in apple orchard at Geneva June 16. Adult emergence heavy during hot weather; hatch should be heavy through June. Eggs scarce and in red ring stage June 14 in Ulster County. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt.). VERMONT - Flight continues; light due to cool weather. (MacCollom). ORIENTAL FRUIT MOTH (Grapholitha molesta) - INDIANA - First summer-brood emergence continues at Vincennes; adultS numerous. (Dolphin, June 17). NEW JERSEY - Caught 10 in bait jar June 11-18 in Gloucester County. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). CONNECTICUT - Terminal damage at New Haven and Glastonbury. (Savos, June 18). EYE-SPOTTED BUD MOTH (Spilonota ocellana) - WISCONSIN - Emergence begun in Dane County. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). FRUIT-TREE LEAF ROLLER (Archips argyrospilus) - WASHINGTON - Adults emerging on pears; males numerous June II in blacklight trap at Wenatchee, Chelan County. (Burts). WYOMING - Larvae heavy on chokecherry and apple trees at Newcastle, Weston County. (Parshall). IDAHO - Pupation occurring, remaining first-generation larvae mostly in last instar at Moscow, Latah County. Much evidence of high larval - 588 - mortality due to disease. (Manis). RED-BANDED LEAF ROLLER (Argyrotaenia velutinana) - INDIANA - First summer-brood emergence peaked (2,399 males) in virgin female traps in 5-acre orchard at Vincennes. (Dolphin, June 17). MAINE - Second instars feeding in central area orchards. (Boulanger, June 18). PEACH TWIG BORER (Anarsia lineatella) - WASHINGTON - First-generation larvae in peach shoot June 12 at Parker, Yakima County. (Johnson, Chandler). COLORADO - Adults prevalent in bait traps in peach orchard area in Mesa County. (Sisson, Anderson). PEACH TREE BORER (Sanninoidea exitiosa) - WASHINGTON - First larvae in cocoons on peach June 3 at Parker, Yakima County; completely infested 5-acre orchard. (Johnson). LESSER PEACH TREE BORER (Synanthedon pictipes) - INDIANA - Caught 425 males June 11-17 compared with 541 previous week in Vincennes orchard, (Dolphin). APPLE-AND-THORN SKELETONIZER (Anthophila pariana) - WASHINGTON - First larvae of season feeding June 11 on pear and ee foliage at Yakima, Yakima County. (Johnson). PLUM CURCULIO (Conotrachelus nenuphar) - MICHIGAN - Egg laying cuts in orchard south of Hart June 19; some small larvae feeding around pit. (Wooley). SHOT-HOLE BORER (Scolytus rugulosus) - INDIANA - Damaged apple seedlings in com- mercial orchard in Sullivan County. (Dolphin, June 17). A LEAF BEETLE (Luperodes bivittatus) - CALIFORNIA - Adults, probably this species, heavy on peach, plum, and almond trees at Elk Creek, Glenn County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt)... APPLE MAGGOT (Rhagoletis pomonella) - WISCONSIN - Additional adults emerged in Dane County. Some in baited trap. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MICHIGAN - Collected from "seeded" cages in Berrien County this period. First adult emerged June 17. (Carpenter). Collected on stickyboards at Grand Rapids June 18. (Klackle). INDIANA - Major emergence in progress in unSprayed early variety blocks at Vincennes; 119 adults taken on bait boards. (Dolphin, June 17). OHIO - First adults of season collected on stickyboards in Ashtabula County June 20. (Still). NEW YORK - First adults of season emerged in cages at Highland June 13. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt.). CHERRY FRUIT FLY (Rhagoletis cingulata) - PENNSYLVANIA - First fly emerged June 16, emerged rapidly by June 19 in Erie County. (Cox). BLACK CHERRY FRUIT FLY (Rhagoletis fausta) - MICHIGAN - Adults emerging in Benzie County June 11. (Wooley APPLE APHID (Aphis pomi) - INDIANA - Colonies increasing on young terminals in some commercial Vincennes orchards. (Dolphin, June 17). NEW JERSEY - Curling sucker leaves in unsprayed apple blocks, (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). CONNECTICUT - Increasing in most orchards; major pest in home orchards. (Savos, June 18). MAINE - Increased in numbers and size of colonies in most areas. (Boulanger, June 18). GREEN PEACH APHID (Myzus persicae) - MISSOURI - Moderate on sprayed apples in southeast area. (Wkly. Rpt. Fr. Grs., June 18). BLACK CHERRY APHID (Myzus cerasi) - MARYLAND - Many parasitized on ornamental Sweet cherry near Adelphi, Prince Georges County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). = 989) = PEAR PSYLLA (Psylla pyricola) - MAINE - Adults feeding on pears at Norway; egg laying heavy. (Boulanger, June 18). NEW YORK - Adults very abundant and eggs heavy week of June 10 in pear planting at Alton, Wayne County. Increased in pear blocks in Ulster County. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt.). MICHIGAN - All stages in orchards where controls reduced due to poor crop; could be problem in 1968. (Wooley, June 24). WASHINGTON - Generally light; second summer-generation hatch begun May 27 at Wenatchee, Chelan County. (Burts) . WHITE PEACH SCALE (Pseudaulacaspis pentagona) - OREGON - Collected on peaches and plums in backyard orchard at Portland, Multnomah County. Det. by R.F. Wilkey. (Nicolaison, June 15). GLOBOSE SCALE (Lecanium prunastri) - DELAWARE - Hatch begun on ornamental plum and peach in State. (MacCreary, June 20). LEAFHOPPERS - NEW HAMPSHIRE - Empoasca maligna adults noted at Durham June 12; damaged foliage. (Sutherland). MICHIGAN - Typhlocyba pomaria problem in Belding and southwestern fruit areas. (Wooley, June 24). EUROPEAN RED MITE (Panonychus ulmi)’ - MISSOURI - Moderate on unsprayed apples in southeast area; light on peach in Delta area. (Wkly. Rpt. Fr. Grs., June 18). INDIANA - Populations at critical levels in some commercial orchards with contin- uing hot,: dry weather at Vincennes. Eggs 5.97-24.23, immatures 4.32-20.18, and adults 0.48-4.05 per leaf in commercial orchards. Light in treated orchards. (Dolphin, June 17). MICHIGAN - In apple orchards where controls ineffective in Jackson, Berrien, and Oakland Counties; 15-20 per leaf in one Jackson County orchard, (Wooley, June 17). OHIO - Adults and tmmatures light, 5 per leaf, on apple in Jackson County. (Rose). MAINE - First summer-generation hatch begun June 14-15 in central areas. Quiescent female protonymphs found June 18 in several areas. Some overwintering females present. (Boulanger). PEAR LEAF BLISTER MITE (Eriophyes pyri) - CALIFORNIA - Heavy on pear foliage at Dunsmuir, Siskiyou County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). APPLE RUST MITE (Aculus schlechtendali) - INDIANA - Heavy on untreated apple foliage at Vincennes orchard. (Dolphin, June 17). PECAN NUT CASEBEARER (Acrobasis caryae) - OKLAHOMA - Second instars infested up to one-third of nuts on Payne County pecan trees. (Okla. Goop. Sur.). TEXAS - Light on unsprayed pecan trees in Upton County; no larvae on sprayed trees. (Neeb) . ; FALL WEBWORM (Hyphantria cunea) - OKLAHOMA - Second and third instars on Payne County pecan trees; webs averaged one per 7 trees. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). A SEED CHALCID (Megastigmus pistaciae) - CALIFORNIA - Some larvae in 1967 pistachio nuts and few adults emerging in caged areas. Suppression treatment given to infested area at Chico, Butte County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). WALNUT HUSK FLY (Rhagoletis completa) - UTAH - Damaged English walnuts and some black walnuts at Ogden and Harrisville, Weber County, and at Brigham City, Box Elder County. (Knowlton). APHIDS - ALABAMA - Monellia spp. heavy on many trees in Wilcox, Baldwin, Mobile, and Barbour Counties, (Farquar et al.). NEW MEXICO - M. costalis honeydew heavy on some Dona Ana County pecan trees; control work in progress, (Elson). Myzocallis caryaefoliae averaged 2-25 per leaflet on black walnut; honeydew beginning to appear. (Heninger) . PECAN LEAF PHYLLOXERA (Phylloxera notabilis) - OKLAHOMA - Heavy on Pontotoc County pecan trees, (Okla. Coop. Sur.). = 220 = SAN JOSE SCALE (Aspidiotus perniciosus) - WASHINGTON - First attached crawlers on apples June 1 at Gleed, Yakima County, 11 days earlier than in 1967. (Gregorick). OREGON - First crawlers emerged June 17 on Newtown apple in Hood River Valley. (Zwick). INDIANA - Crawlers in sessile feeding positions on young apples at Vincennes; color rings evident. (Dolphin, June 17). CITRUS YELLOW SCALE (Aonidiella citrina) - FLORIDA - Adults collected on sweet orange at St. Cloud, Osceola County. This is a new Florida Department of Plant Industry county record. (Fla. Coop. Sur.) . GLOVER SCALE (Lepidosaphes gloverii) - FLORIDA - Adults collected on sweet orange at St. Cloud, Osceola County. This is a new Florida Department of Plant Industry county record. (Dekle et al.). SMALL FRUITS GRAPE LEAF SKELETONIZER (Harrisina americana) - OHIO - Larvae damaged grape foli- age in Athens and Scioto Counties: (Ackerman et al.). A SAP BEETLE (Stelidota geminata) - MICHIGAN - Evident in strawberry plantings in Berrien County June 12; no Larvae. (Wooley) . BLUEBERRY MAGGOT (Rhagoletis mendax) - NEW JERSEY - Active in blueberry fields. Numerous in traps June 14 in Atlantic County and June 16 in Burlington County; about a week earlier than in 1967. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). ORNAMENTALS BAGWORM (Thyridopteryx ephemeraeformis) - TENNESSEE - Completely defoliated un- sprayed ornamentals in many central areas. (Quillin). KANSAS - Hatched in Franklin County. (Martinez, June 14). NEBRASKA - Hatch complete, larvae mostly second instar on juniper at Lincoln, Lancaster County. (Keith). OYSTERSHELL SCALE (Lepidosaphes ulmi) - WYOMING - Hatched on lilac at Newcastle, Weston County. (Parshall). SOUTH DAKOTA - Crawlers recently emerged on new growth of lilacs and elms at Rapid City, Pennington County, and Spearfish, Lawrence County. Infestations heavy; some hedges extensively damaged. (Jones). WISCONSIN - Crawler emergence begun in southern Door County June 7 and farther north June 10. Some stunting and death of ornamentals in heavily infested areas of Bayfield County. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). AN ERIOPHYID MITE (Eriophyes gardeniella) - FLORIDA - Collected on gardenia in Dade (June 5), Martin (May 29), Osceola (June 11), and Highlands (June 12) Counties. These are new county records. (Dekle et al.). A FALSE SPIDER MITE (Brevipalpus californicus) - FLORIDA - Infested 1,350 of 1,500 azaleas June 11 in nursery at Tampa, Hillsborough County. (Simmons). FOREST AND SHADE TREES BARK BEETLES (Dendroctonus spp.) - VIRGINIA - Active in loblolly pine on small area in Isle of Wight County; noted at 3 locations in loblolly and shortleaf pines in Brunswick County; noted at 2 spots in Westmoreland County. Active in single spot in Amelia County. Additional D. frontalis activity in Henrico, King William, King and Queen, Accomack, Nansemond, and ISle of Wight Counties. (For. Pest Sur. Rpt., May Sum.). SOUTH CAROLINA - D. frontalis easily found in Sumter = beh o National Forest, Oconee County. . (Nettles, June 18). Outbreak numbers on pine. (Epps, Nettles, June 18). ENGRAVER BEETLES (Ips. spp.) - VIRGINIA - Infested loblolly and Virginia pines in several spots in Westmoreland and King and Queen Counties, Active in shortleaf pine on 2 locations in Mecklenburg County, 3 spots in Amelia County, scattered spots in Pittsylvania County, and in single tree in Campbell County. (For. Pest Sur. Rpt., May Sum). PALES WEEVIL (Hylobius pales) - VIRGINIA - Moderately severe on loblolly pine planted on 2 tracts involving 40 acres in Nansemond County, Light to moderate (up to 25 percent loss) in loblolly and Virginia pine seedlings*in cut-over areas throughout Tappahannock area. Damaged scattered individual seedlings on a lob- lolly pine plantation in Piedmont area and one spot each in Spotsylvania and Stafford Counties. (For. Pest Sur. Rpt., May Sum.). DOUGLAS-FIR TWIG WEEVIL (Cylindrocopturus furnissi) - OREGON - Larvae and pupae, probably this species, damaged Christmas tree farms in Camas Valley and in other areas of Douglas County June 13. (Vertrees). DOUGLAS-FIR TUSSOCK MOTH (Hemerocampa pseudotsugata) - NEW MEXICO - Surveys on white fir, Douglas-fir, and blue Spruce revealed infestation scattered throughout Ruidoso, Lincoln County, could have potential of spreading to nearby forest. Trees will be treated to control infestation, (N.M. Coop. Rpt.). COLORADO - Feeding on pinyon pine at Fort Collins. (Hantsbarger) . OLETHREUTID MOTHS (Rhyacionia spp.) - VIRGINIA - R. frustrana damage evident throughout Piedmont; infested 95 percent of tips in 75-acre Loblolly plantation in Fluvanna County. (For. Pest Sur. Rpt., May Sum.). PENNSYLVANIA - R. buoliana larvae 50 percent pupated June 13 in Erie County. Damaged 5 to 25 percent of tips in Centre County; moths started emerging June 16, (Adams) . JACK-PINE BUDWORM (Choristoneura pinus) - WISCONSIN - Some pupation begun on Scotch pine in Adams County; 50-70 percent fifth instars June 13, remainder fourth and sixth instars. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). YELLOW-HEADED SPRUCE SAWFLY (Pikonema alaskensis) - MINNESOTA - Adults emerged for about a week in northern area, laying eggs; hatch should begin shortly. Severely damaged plantation and roadside white spruce, and fed in varying degrees on black, Norway, and blue spruce. Heavy feeding on white spruce in 2 plantations in northern Aitkin County; some mortality expected. (Minn, Ins. Rpt.). CONIFER SAWFLIES (Neodiprion spp.) - VIRGINIA - N. pratti pratti defoliation of shortleaf, Virginia, and occasionally loblolly pines more evident than last year in Coastal Plain; defoliation averaged 20 percent or less. (For. Pest Sur. Rpt., May Sum.). MICHIGAN - N. lecontei eggs on over 50 percent of trees in plantation of red and jack pine in Cheboygan County; over 1,900 eggs on some 2-foot red pines. (Flink, June 24). PINE SPITTLEBUGS (Aphrophora spp.) - VIRGINIA - A, parallela more active than nor- mal on all native pines throughout Piedmont. Evident on Virginia pine over most of Botetourt County, on Norway spruce in Frederick County, and widespread on Virginia pine in Frederick and Shenandoah Counties. (For. Pest Sur. Rpt., May Sum.). WISCONSIN - Controls for A. parallela required in area of Juneau County. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MICHIGAN - A. parallela adults June 19 on Scotch pine in Shiawassee County, mostly fifth instars present. A. saratogensis adults on red and white pines at rural landscape planting in Saginaw County June 19, earliest date adults collected in State. (Hanna). PINE NEEDLE SCALE (Phenacaspis pinifoliae) - WYOMING - Crawler emergence beginning at Buffalo, Johnson County. Citywide spraying program initiated, about 1,000 trees to be sprayed. (Quade, Parshall). = bey = SOFT SCALES - WISCONSIN - Toumeyella numismaticum crawlers evident on Scotch and jack pine in Adams County June 13; crawlers first noted June 14 on jack pine at Millston, Jackson County. Some controls may be required. (Wis. Ins. Sur.) . MINNESOTA - Physokermes piceae laying eggs but still feeding. Hatch will occur in about 2 weeks. Minn, Ins. Rpt.). APHIDS - NEW HAMPSHIRE - Mindarus abietinus light to severe in Christmas tree plantations at Haverhill, Bath, and Sugar Hill in Grafton County. Tip damage 35 percent in one field and up to 95 percent on some trees. (Avery, Sutherland). CALIFORNIA - Elatobium abietinum nymphs and adults heavy on Colorado blue spruce at Salinas, Monterey County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). PINE BARK APHID (Pineus strobi) - MINNESOTA - Infested small Norway pine at Park Rapids and Brainerd area. Light on jack pine in north-central district. (Minn. Tins. Rpt). SPRUCE SPIDER MITE (Oligonychus ununguis) - DELAWARE - Heavy on hemlock in northern area, (MacCreary, June 20). MARYLAND - Heavy on several ornamental spruce and hemlock plantings in Baltimore and Prince Georges Counties. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.) FOREST TENT CATERPILLAR (Malacosoma disstria) - OHIO - Larvae on variety of deciduous trees; defoliation very light in Monroe, Hocking, and Ross Counties. (Murphy et al.). MICHIGAN - Widespread defoliation of maple, aspen, oak, bass- wood, and elm in 3 counties; over 75 percent defoliation in many areas. Outbreak extends from 4 miles north of Kalkaska to 4 miles north of Boyne City. Involves 13,500 acres in northern Kalkaska County, 130,000 acres in Antrim County, and 15,500 acres in Charlevoix County. (Flink, June 24). MINNESOTA - In fifth instar in northern area. Defoliation of aspen just becoming noticeable at International Falls and Ely area. Feeding will be spotty again this year; many areas will have complete defoliation interspersed with minor feeding. Will continue feeding until very last part of June. Extended wet,cool spring, especially in northern area, appears to have had at least a minor effect. Where problems moderate in 1967, especially at Virginia, Eveleth, and Hibbing, problems less serious so far in 1968. Scattered findings of larvae from Duluth. (Minn. Ins, Rpt.). TORTRICID MOTHS - MICHIGAN - Widespread Archips argyrospilus defoliation of oaks throughout the north-central Lower Peninsula north of Harrison; many areas over 80 percent defoliated; defoliation estimated at over 1.5 million acres. (Flink, June 24). MINNESOTA - Middle to late instars of Choristoneura conflictana very common on aspen in northern area; no serious defoliation. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). OREGON - A. rosana abundant on Viburnum davidii and Ulmus sp. at Corvallis, Benton County. Collected June 14 and 21, mostly pupae on latter date. Larvae and few pupae collected June 4 on Cornus sp. at Roseburg, Douglas County. (Westcott, Goeden). CALIFORNIA - C. roSaceana larvae heavy on Tilia sp. foliage in Redwood City, San Mateo County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). CANKERWORMS - MICHIGAN - Alsophila pometaria larvae defoliated hardwoods on 800- 1,000 acres in Shakey Lake Park, Menominee County, June 12; some controls applied. (Hanna). Cankerworms defoliated elm in many places in the northern Lower Peninsula, particularly in 3-acre elm woodlot in Cheboygan County with over 90 percent of leaves gone. (Flink, June 24). NEW YORK - Paleacrita vernata and A. pometaria abundant in Onondaga County. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt., June 17). MAINE - P, vernata defoliation severe on oaks at Argyle; much injury to residential apple plantings at Orono. A. pometaria feeding heavy on elms at Portland. (Boulanger, June 18). ah MOURNING-CLOAK BUTTERFLY (Nymphalis antiopa) - CALIFORNIA - Larvae heavy on willow at Yreka, Siskiyou County. Cal. Coop. Rpt.). MINNESOTA - Few moderate infesta- tions in central area on American elm and green ash, (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). NEW HAMPSHIRE - Half-grown larvae on elm at Durham June 11. (Conklin). VERMONT - Larvae defoliated elm and willow. (MacCollom). LYMANTRIID MOTHS - MAINE - Stilpnotia salicis present at Argyle; numbers and damage severe on poplar at Knox and Prospect; larvae heavy at Madison, leaving destroyed foliage; completely defoliated poplar at Dover and Foxcroft area. (Boulanger, June 18). MINNESOTA - Hemerocampa leucostigma larvae caused holes and ragged edges on leaves of elm and other trees and Shrubs at Minneapolis and St. Paul. (Minn, Ins. Rpt.). PALMERWORM (Dichomeris ligulella) - OHIO - Larvae severely defoliated oak in Vinton and Athens Counties; consumed up to 90 percent of foliage; damage heavier in crowns. Defoliation Severe on pin oak at location in Wayne County. (Campbell Gu Alls) o FALL WEBWORM (Hyphantria cunea) - NEBRASKA - Second instars fed on Lancaster County mulberry. Peterson, Helms). DELAWARE - Larvae damaged shade trees in State. (MacCreary, June 20). ELM LEAF BEETLE (Pyrrhalta luteola) - OREGON - Young larvae present at Corvallis, Benton County. -(Capizzi, June 15). IDAHO - Eggs general on trees in park at Rupert, Minidoka County; no larvae, (Portman). UTAH - Larvae skeletonized leaves at Hurricane and St. George in Washington County. (Knowlton, Hall). NEW MEXICO - Damaged elms at Tularosa, Roswell, Farmington, Belen and Albuquerque. (N.M. Coop. Rpt.). TEXAS - Light to moderate in Martin, Reagan, and Upton Counties. (Neeb). OKLAHOMA - First-generation pupation begun in north-central and northwest areas. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). NEBRASKA - Defoliation about 20 percent at Falls City, Richardson County. Most larvae full grown, leaving trees to pupate. (Keith, Rai). MAINE - Numerous and damaging in southern area; much injury in Unity. (Boulanger, June 18). COTTONWOOD LEAF BEETLES (Chrysomela scripta complex) - MISSOURI - All instars light in cottonwood plantings in southeast area; adults present. (Munson) . VIRGINIA - Adults, larvae, and pupae feeding on alder in Rockbridge County. (Kosztarab). IMPORTED WILLOW LEAF BEETLE (Plagiodera versicolora) - MARYLAND - Adults and larvae heavily defoliated 13 large willows at Salisbury, Wicomico County. Damage con- Spicuous statewide this year. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). ALDER FLEA BEETLE (Altica ambiens) - WASHINGTON - Adults heavy on alders past month at Loon Lake, Stevens County; all old foliage damaged; early instars evident. (Johansen, June 14). BRONZE BIRCH BORER (Agrilus anxius) - NORTH DAKOTA - Infestations and damage in numerous birch trees at Fargo; some trees dead. Adults emerging. (McBride). OHIO - Previous larval feeding May 31 extensively damaged individual birch trees in Delaware County. Larval girdling killed branches and some tops of trees. (Galford). Adult emergence begun from birch in Licking County June 18, (Walker). PERIODICAL CICADAS (Magicicada Spp.) - OHIO - Egg laying (17-year race) extensive in Jefferson, Columbiana, and Trumbull Counties June 14-20; "flagging" and twig breakage evident. Some small infestations reduced to noneconomic levels by bird predation and controls. Active and potentially damaging in woods in other areas. Some nymphs emerging in various locations. (Forsythe). SAWFLIES - MINNESOTA - Tethida cordigera very light in central and southeast areas. Fenusa ulmi heavy in area just west of Minneapolis and St. Paul on American elm, (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). NEW YORK - F. pusilla damage evident in Onondaga County. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt., June 17). DELAWARE — Caulocampus acericaulis caused some maple leaf drop in State. (MacCreary, June 20). MAINE - F. pusilla numbers and damage heavy in most areas of State; injury more severe on gray birch. Pristiphora geniculata active with much injury to mountain ash in Cumberland County. (Boulanger, June 18). - 594 - A PLANT BUG (Orthotylus chlorionis) - DELAWARE - Abundant on honeylocust, heavy feeding apparently injured leaves at Wilmington, New Castle County, June 19, 1968. This is a new State record. (Burbutis). OHIO - Feeding on honeylocust foliage in Licking County June 7; some discoloration. (Walker). Damage by this species and unspecified leafhoppers extensive on scattered honeylocust in Delaware County June 12. Tree tops dying and foliage browned in heavily infested trees. (Galford). EUROPEAN ELM SCALE (Gossyparia spuria) - VIRGINIA - Crawlers emerging on American elm in Rockbridge County. Amos, Allen, June 10). WISCONSIN - Crawler emergence in Dane County; some exposed, Very heavy on elm at Madison. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). CALIFORNIA - Heavy on elms at Chico, Butte County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). SOFT SCALES (Pulvinaria spp.) - MARYLAND - Outbreak numbers on ornamental dogwood and maple in Baltimore, Anne Arundel, and Prince Georges Counties. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). OHIO - P, innumerabilis eggs hatching and crawlers dispersing on maple in Greene County (Kennedy) and probably elsewhere in southern half of State (Rose). WISCONSIN - P, innumerabilis egg hatch begun in Rock County; no crawlers leaving cottony mass, Wis. Ins. Sur.). NEVADA - P., innumerabilis heavy on various shade trees in Reno and Sparks area, Washoe County. (Gustafson). HAWAII INSECT REPORT Corn - All stages of CORN PLANTHOPPER (Peregrinus maidis) heavy in cornfield in Kaaawa, Oahu. Nymphs and adults of Tytthus mundulus (cane leafhopper egg sucker) and Cyrtorhinus lividipennis (a predaceous capsid bug) abundant in area. (Funasaki). Turf - Larvae of a GRASS WEBWORM (Herpetogramma licarsisalis), up to 146 per square foot, caused moderate to heavy lawn damage throughout Hilo, Hawaii Island. Parasitism by Trichogramma semifumatum (a minute egg parasite) 0-33 percent in different areas Of Hilo. Adults annoying man indoors. (Yoshioka). Vegetables - GREENHOUSE WHITEFLY (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) nymphs and adults heavy On pumpkin, tomato, and snap bean plantings in Omaopio, Maui, between 1,300 and 2,200 feet elevation. (Ah Sam). All stages of LEAF MINER FLIES (Liriomyza spp.) increased from light to medium to heavy in green onion fields at Koko Head, Oahu; larvae and adults heavy on tomato in Omaopio, at 1,300 feet elevation. (Sato, Ah Sam). GREEN PEACH APHID (Myzus persicae) medium to heavy in bell pepper plant- ings in Anahola, Kauai. (Ikehara). BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) generally light but increasing in some green onion plantings at Koko Head. (Funasaki). Fruits - BARNACLE SCALE (Ceroplastes cirripediformis) nymphs and adults heavy, 50-75 per foot of stem, in 10 acres of 150-acre passion fruit farm in Kahului, Maui. (Miyahira). Forest and Shade Trees - A PSYLLID (Psylla uncatoides) adults light, 2-9 (average 4) per sweep, on koa trees in Kaneohe, Waimanalo, and Honolulu (Kalihi and Tantalus) on Oahu. (Funasaki). Beneficial Insects - Adults of a SCIOMYZID FLY (Sepedon sauteri) medium in 5-acre taro planting in Hanapepe, Kauai. (Sugawa). - 595 - MAN AND ANIMALS MOSQUITOES - OHIO - Some heavy and annoying populations expected over State in few weeks. Heavy May rains and flooding favorable for development of flood- water species. (Rings). Problem in Wayne County. (Glass). WISCONSIN - Heavy in Pepin, Eau Claire, Richland,and Waukesha Counties; active in most other areas. Woodland species most active. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MINNESOTA - Of 2,557 larval collections June 9-15, Aedes vexans in 1,528. Five species of Culex taken. Light trap collections increased Sharply; of 11,239 females obtained, 10,284 were Aedes vexans. In view of abundant breeding acreage, Mansonia perturbans expected to be very annoying in near future. Aedes vexans dominant in 30 evening bite collections (15-minute) and 106 (5-minute) daytime collections. Rains of June 8, 9, 10 resulted in adult emergence June 11. Adult emergence due to rain of June 13 will occur June 21-25. Populations will be heavy and annoyance acute over southern half of State. Annoyance expected to peak by June 30 in Minneapolis and St. Paul area. Total of 120,000 acres of confirmed breeding areas treated. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). MISSOURI - A. vexans increasing (276 in 1 night) in blacklight traps in central area. probably A. triseriatus heavy in areas along Mississippi River in southeast area. A. atilanticus taken in Boone County June 12, 1968, for new county record. (Munson), UTAH - Mosquitoes annoying at Oak City and nearby farm areas of Millard County June 11; mostly A. dorsalis very annoying on farms and about recreation areas in Delta and Sutherland area. (Davis, Knowlton). Very numerous and troublesome throughout Abraham and Sutherland farming areas with Some annoyance to fishermen and campers in Oak Creek Canyon of Millard County. Also annoying in meadow areas of Nephi and Juab, Juab County, and northern Skull Valley, Tooele County. (Knowlton). OREGON - A. dorsalis very abundant and severely annoying cattle in Langley Valley, Klamath County, June 8-14. (Wilcox). A BITING MIDGE (Leptoconops torrens) - CALIFORNIA - Adults heavy and annoying in Willows area, Glenn County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). SCREW-WORM (Cochliomyia hominivorax) - Total of 158 cases reported in U.S. June 16-22 as follows: TEXAS - Atascosa 6, Bandera 2, Bee 5, Bexar 3, Brewster 2, Brooks 5, Caldwell 1, Cameron 1, De Witt 10, Edwards 2, Frio 6, Gonzales 1, Guadalupe 1, Hidalgo 3, Kenedy 4, Kinney 1, Karnes 5, Kleberg 9, La Salle 2, hive Oak 11, Medina 5, Milam 1, Nueces 3, Real 1, Terrell 4, Tom Green 1, San Patricio 1, Uvalde 12, Val Verde 3, Jim Wells 6, Willacy 1, Zavala 3; ARIZONA - Cochise 7, Gila 1, Graham 1, Maricopa 2, Mohave 1, Pima 11, Pinal 1, Santa Cruz 10, Yuma 2; CALIFORNIA - Imperial 1. Total of 320 cases reported in portion of Barrier Zone in Republic of Mexico as follows: Territorio sur de Baja California 19, Sonora 133, Chihuahua 13, Coahuila 82, Nuevo Leon 13, Tamaulipas 60, Total of 23 cases reported in Mexico south of Barrier Zone. Barrier Zone is area where eradication operation underway to prevent establishment of self-sustaining population in U.S, Sterile screw-worm flies released: Texas 53,894,000; New Mexico 100,000; Arizona 14,480,000; California 1,400,000; Mexico 80,894,000. (Anim. Health Div.). FACE FLY (Musca autumnalis) - MARYLAND - Ranged 7-18 near Creagerstown and Thurmont in Frederick County on Holstein cattle. Ranged 40-60 per horse at Darlington, Harford County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). ILLINOIS - Average per animal by district: Northwest 4.0, southwest 13.0, west 2.5. (Ill. Ins. Rpt.). NEBRASKA - Averaged 8-10 per head on range cattle near McCook, Red Willow County. (Campbell, Raun). SOUTH DAKOTA - Low to absent on herds near Geddes, Charles Mix County; total of 8 adults on 24 closely examined herds. (Balsbaugh). OREGON - Averaged 15 per animal on 8 pastured cattle in Hillsboro, Washington County. (Goeden). Averaged 5-15 per animal in small herds on Sauvie Island, Multnomah County. (Westcott, Goeden). = Bs) — HORN FLY (Haematobia irritans) - ALABAMA - Heavy on cattle in Cleburne, Wilcox, and Bullock Counties; controls in progress. (Ventress et al.). MISSISSIPPI - Counts per head by county: Attala, 25 on 350 head; Hinds, 20 on 846; Pike, 50 on 70; Clay, 150 on 25; Washington, 75 on 150 head. (Dinkins). TENNESSEE - Increasing rapidly to 300-700 per head in McNairy County. (Johnson, June 14). OKLAHOMA - Counts per head in central, north-central, northwest, and northeast areas: 2,500 on bulls, 1,500 on steers, and 1,000 on mature cows. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). NEBRASKA - Ranged 100-500 (average 200) per head on pastured animals near McCook, Red Willow County. (Campbell, Raun). SOUTH DAKOTA - Heavy on range cattle near Geddes, Charles Mix County; averaged 142 per side on cows. (Balsbaugh). NORTH DAKOTA - Medium to heavy, 50-380 (average 120) per head,on several Hereford herds in McKenzie County. (Brandvik). ILLINOIS - Average per animal by district: Northwest 12, southwest 155, west 42. (I11. Ins. Rpt.). STABLE FLY (Stomoxys calcitrans) - NEBRASKA - Low, less than 1 per animal, on feedlot herd near McCook, Red Willow County. (Campbell, Raun). Ranged 2-3 per leg on feedlot herd near Lincoln, Lancaster County, 2-3 per square foot on resting surfaces. Ranged 5-6 per leg on dairy herd in county, 4-5 per square foot on resting areas. (Campbell). ILLINOIS - Average per animal by district: Southwest 6.7, west 65.0.(I11. Ins. Rpt.). BLACK FLIES (Simulium spp.) - PENNSYLVANIA - S. jenningsi adults numerous in Forest and Warren Counties. Few S. gouldingi pupae found in stream in Forest County for new county record. S. verecundum larvae very numerous in all streams checked in Forest County. (Green, June 8). TABANID FLIES - OKLAHOMA - Heavy, 15-35 per head, on isolated cattle in Payne and Noble Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). MISSISSIPPI - Tabanus spp. per head averaged 5 on 350 animals in Attala County and 5-10 on 150 animals in Washington and 425 animals in Hinds Counties. (Dinkins). A DEER FLY (Chrysops niger taylori) - SOUTH CAROLINA - Very abundant in Pawle wave ORL ys Island area of Georgetown County. Unusually annoying to vacationers in tide- water area this year. (Adkins, May 28). This is a new State record. (McAlister). See CEIR 18(20):425 for report on unspecified deer flies in South Carolina Strand area. (PPC). AMERICAN DOG TICK (Dermacentor variabilis) - TENNESSEE - Very numerous in brush- land over western area. (Locke, June 19). WISCONSIN - Increasing in Ashland County. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MICHIGAN - Present in western counties of Upper Peninsula since early May. Numerous on field workers June 10-21. (Janes). CHIGGER MITES - OKLAHOMA - Heavy and annoying to man in east-central and south- east areas. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). BROWN RECLUSE SPIDER (Loxosceles reclusa) - ALABAMA - Very annoying to home- owners in Bibb, Madison, and Limestone Counties past 6-8 months. (McQueen). CATTLE GRUBS (Hypoderma spp.) - NORTH DAKOTA - Adult activity evident on pasture cattle in Dunn, Mercer, Morton, Stutsman, and Barnes Counties. (Brandvik). IDAHO - Annoying beef cattle on range at Bruneau area, Owyhee County. (Robertson). BENEFICIAL INSECTS LADY BEETLES - WYOMING - Adults 10-60 (average 24) per 100 Sweeps on alfalfa in Converse, Niobrara, Weston, Crook, Campbell, and Johnson Counties. (Parshall). ARIZONA - Hippodamia convergens averaged 1 per plant on cotton at Bowie, on corn and sugarbeets in Stewart District, and on milo at Elfrida, Cochise County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). MISSISSIPPI - Coleomegilla maculata most abundant lady beetle in cotton in delta counties; H. convergens and Scymnus spp. present. (Pfrimmer et al.). a = by 2 MELYRID BEETLES (Collops spp.) - ARIZONA - Counts per 100 sweeps averaged 100 on sorghum, 90 on cotton, and 40 on alfalfa at Casa Grande, Pinal County, and 80 on alfalfa in Salt River Valley; Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). A FLEA BEETLE (Altica carduorum) - WISCONSIN - About 200 adults released on Canada thistle near Rewey, Iowa County. Species specific for Canada thistle. First attempt at weed control by an insect in State. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). INDIANA - Released in Lafayette area June 17. (Anderson, Paschke). DAMSEL BUGS (Nabis spp.) - MISSISSIPPI - Most abundant beneficial species in most cotton in delta counties. (Pfrimmer et al.). ARIZONA - Counts per 100 sweeps on alfalfa by county: Cochise, 100 at San Simon and 80 at Elfrida; Graham, 75 at Safford; Maricopa, 50 in Salt River Valley. Averaged 60 per 100 Sweeps on cotton at Casa Grande, Pinal County. Averaged one per plant on soybeans at Bowie and cotton at Bowie and San Simon, Cochise County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). WYOMING - Adults 3-50 per 100 sweeps on alfalfa in Converse, Niobrara, Weston, Crook, Campbell, and Johnson Counties. (Parshall). UTAH - Nabis sp. and N. alternatus numerous in alfalfa in Sutherland, Millard County. (Knowlton, June 1T). FLOWER BUGS (Orius spp.) - ARIZONA - Counts per 100 sweeps on alfalfa averaged 650 at Elfrida and 150 at San Simon, Cochise County. Averaged one per plant on cotton in Salt River Valley, Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). MISSISSIPPI - O. insidiosus abundant in some cotton in delta counties. (Pfrimmer et al.). BIG-EYED BUGS (Geocoris spp.) - ARIZONA - Counts per 100 sweeps averaged 60 on alfalfa and 30 on cotton in Salt River Valley, Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). MISSISSIPPI - Present in cotton in delta counties. (Pfrimmer et al.). GREEN LACEWINGS (Chrysopa spp.) - ARIZONA - Counts per 100 sweeps averaged 50 on sorghum at Casa Grande, Pinal County; 35 on alfalfa at Safford, Graham County; and 30 on cotton in Salt River Valley, Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). A HALICTID BEE (Nomia nevadensis arizonensis) - ARIZONA - Very abundant in safflower in Yuma area, Yuma County. (Tuttle). HYMENOPTEROUS PARASITES - VIRGINIA - Pupae of Microctonus aethiops (a braconid), Tetrastichus incertus (a eulophid wasp), and Bathyplectes curculionis (an ichneumon wasp) light at release site in Hanover County. M. aethiops is adult parasite and T. incertus and B. curculionis are larval parasites of alfalfa weevil. (Innes, June 14). ALKALI BEE (Nomia melanderi) - OREGON - First adults in flight June 3-9 in plots near Umapine, Umatilla County. (Taylor). Males very active in nearby alfalfa June 12; few females present. Only males emerging South of Adrian, Malheur County, June 13. Zodion obliquefasciatum (a conopid fly) and Heterostylum robustum (a bee fly), parasites of N. melanderi, newly emerged in area; pupal caSeS in burrows near surface. (Westcott, Goeden). FEDERAL AND STATE PLANT PROTECTION PROGRAMS GRASSHOPPERS - WISCONSIN - Some first instar Melanoplus sanguinipes in central sands area and at Spring Green. Some third instar M. bivittatus noted in Adams County; second instar Camnula pellucida common in one area. Second instar Dissosteira carolina apparent. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MINNESOTA - M. bivittatus hatch continues very light in southwest, west-central, and central districts; few second instars found. Counts less thar One per Square yard. M. femurrubrum hatch begun in lighter soils in central and west-central districts; egg development ranged from eyespot to fully formed. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). = Whe} NORTH DAKOTA - First and second instars of M. bivittatus damaging Soybeans in Cass County; marginal counts 75 per square yard, Damage evident 70 feet into field. (Toczek, McBride). Marginal nymphal intestations ranged up to 20 per Square yard in cropland area of Richland County. M. bivittatus, M. sanguinipes, and Ageneotettix deorum dominant. Second instar Aeropedellus clavatus less than 1 per Square yard in range areas in Golden Valley, Billings, and Slope Counties. M. differentialis and M. femurrubrum hatch begun in cropland in Morton County; @ggs mostly Segmented. Main hatch expected in about a week in Morton County. (Toczek). SOUTH DAKOTA - Grasshoppers numerous along fence lines and roadsides in western Sanborn, northwestern Davison, Southeastern Jerauld, and northwestern Aurora Counties. First to fifth instar Melanoplus bivittatus, first to third M. differentialis, and first to second M. femurrubrum countS per square yard ranged 20-50 along fence lines and on roadSides and Five in fields; heavier in weedy areas. No damage evident. (Burge). NEBRASKA - Grasshopper damage light to border rows of soybeans in Cass and Washington Counties. (Keith, Rai). WYOMING - Grasshoppers ranged 5-30 per square yard on 43,500 acres of rangeland at Guernsey, Platte County, and 20,000 acres at Lingle, Goshen County. Ageneotettix deorum, Amphitornus coloradus, Cordillacris occipitalis, Trachyrhachys kiowa, and Melanoplus Spp. predominant. (Hardy). COLORADO - Melanoplus Spp. counts per Square yard averaged 0-4 in Lincoln, Crowley, and Las Animas Counties; 0-5 in Prowers, Baca, and Bent Counties (0-8 east of Las Animas and 0-10 in southeastern Baca County) (Johnson); 20-40 (second and third instars) in crop margins in Mesa County (Sisson). Several species moving into croplands and causing damage in Morgan County. (Hantsbarger). IDAHO - Light, 5-20 per square yard, on 8,300 acres of rangeland in Elmore County; heaviest on Pot Hole Creek south of Hammett, Elmore County. Oedaleonotus enigma and Aulocara elliotti dominant; several developmental stages noted. (Evans). UTAH - First to third instars common but not numerous on farms and roadsides in Oak City area, Millard County; nymphs 1-6 per square yard on alfalfa field margins and on roadside west of Kanosh. Trimerotropis sp. adults and nymphs common (light) and Melanoplus sanguinipes adults few in "Dixie" area of Washington County. (Knowlton, June g NEW MEXICO - Heavy on 82 sections of De Baca County rangeland. (Judd). Infested 425,000 acres in Quay County; surveys in progress to determine degree of in- festation. (Finnie). Occasional adult in Dona Ana and Luna Counties. (Hare). BOLL WEEVIL (Anthonomus grandis) - TEXAS - Boll weevil traps (CEIR 18(20) :430) installed in 4 fields known to be infested south of El Paso and one field on Texas-New Mexico State line. Traps also installed in few fields adjacent to those infested in 1967 in southern part of El Paso and in area where weevils previously found. One native weevil taken in field on Texas-New Mexico State line. (PPC South. Reg., May Rpt.). Total of 5 overwintered weevils collected as of June 18 in Kent County. (Almand). For Boll Weevil in other area see page 581-582. BROWN- TAIL MOTH (Nygmia phaeorrhoea) - Survey completed in northern New England May 3, MAINE -— Infestations located in coastal areas of Falmouth and Yarmouth Townships and in small area in Portsmouth adjacent to Falmouth infestation. Infestation ranged light to heavy, mostly light. More intensive survey necessary on off-shore islands in Casco Bay before effective and efficient control program can be conducted in area. Infestations range light to heavy on 6 islands at present. (PPC East. Reg.). CARIBBEAN FRUIT FLY (Anastrepha suspensa) - FLORIDA - Female collected on peach tree at new location at Ft. Ogden, De Soto County, June'7. (Rhodes, Denmark). CEREAL LEAF BEETLE (Oulema melanopus) - INDIANA - Larvae averaged 16 per 10 sweeps in 8 oatfields in Arcola area of western Allen County; foliage loss 1-5 percent. (Porter). MICHIGAN - Total of 9,000 Anaphes flavipes parasitized eggs released in Allegan and Jackson Counties; 2 releases of 250,000 Trichogramma evanescens paraSites made in 6-acre oatfield in Allegan County in May. (PPC Cent. Reg.). Damage noted in some late-planted oatfields June 17. (Ruppel, Gomulinski). Currently summer adults rapidly appearing; fourth instars - 599 - comprise most of population. (Connin). OHIO - Larvae 2+ per sweep in all oat- fields surveyed in Williams County June 8; mostly second and third instars with some first instars. Damage confined primarily to terminal foliage; larvae 1-5 per leaf. Few adults collected. (Lyon). PENNSYLVANIA - Collected on oats in Erie, Venango, Washington, Westmoreland, and Indiana Counties for new county records. (Eckess, June 14). CITRUS BLACKFLY (Aleurocanthus woglumi) - TEXAS - Survey in McAllen and Elsa, Hidalgo County, negative. Operations terminated May 24 in Webb County; 7,000 trees examined during month with negative results. (PPC South. Reg.). CUBAN MAY BEETLE (Phyllophaga bruneri) - FLORIDA - Attracted to lights in new location at Perrine, Dade County, May 6. (Simpson). EUROPEAN CHAFER (Amphimallon majalis) - Survey initiated during late May in Connecticut, Delaware, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Virginia, and West Virginia. Advanced pupae dug at Allentown, Pennsylvania, May 23; larvae also recovered. Grub digging negative in Connecticut and Rhode Island. Aerial control completed on 297 acres May 7 in Massachusetts; 25 acres ground treated. (PPC East. Reg.). GRASS BUGS - UTAH - Damaging grasses in Oak Creek area of Millard County June 11; 85 percent adults. Discoloration light to grasses and some grains in Fillmore and Kanosh area; Irbisia sp. adults discolored large acreage of crested wheat- grass in Kanarraville area, Iron County. Irbisia sp. adults light to numerous on crested wheatgrass and other grasses in Oak Creek Canyon, Millard County, June 20; no nymphs. Other grass bugs light and 60 percent adults. Grass bugs moderate on crested wheatgrass 6 miles Southwest of Nephi, Juab County. (Knowlton). Labops hesperius almost completely destroyed 5,184+ acres of grass range area in Garfield and Kane Counties June 11. (Thornley). Irbisia sp. damaged tall wheatgrass in some Davis County areas June 20. (Roberts, Boswell). IDAHO - Labops hesperius averaged 1 to 4-5 per square foot in Witmar wheatgrass at Soda Springs, Caribou County. Grass short and yellowing in heavily infested areas; little yellowing in areas where populations 1 per square foot. (Alldafer) . GYPSY MOTH (Porthetria dispar) - PENNSYLVANIA - Federal and State survey program underway June 17. About 16,000 traps in eastern area. Western edge of surveyed area will follow Susquehanna River from Maryland State Line to Harrisburg then will go due north to New York State Line. (Eckess). Live larvae discovered outside of spray block in Upper Mount Bethel Township, Northampton County, by State personnel; block boundaries extended. By end of May, third instars observed in areas scheduled for treatment in Monroe County and late second instars observed near Milford, Pike County, in-untreated sections of spray block. Small first instars observed May 27 at high elevations in a treated portion of latter area; this late hatch apparently occurred 2-3 days after controls applied. Controls applied at Hawk Mountain, Berks County, and to one block in Monroe County under State contract. NEW JERSEY - Controls applied to total of 57,876 acres. NEW YORK - New York City Parks Department initiated control program on 1,000 acres along parkways. All infested areas of West Point Military Reservation treated. VERMONT - Small infestation located outside regulated area in Berkshire Township, Franklin County, sprayed by State and Federal cooperators. (PPC East. Reg.). JAPANESE BEETLE (Popillia japonica) - VIRGINIA - First adults of season medium and spotted on juniper in Nansemond County June 10. (Edward). Single adults detected on tomato in Westmoreland County June 19 (Allen, Ptucha) and in grape vineyard in Appomattox County June 20 (Allen). Few adults on grape, apple, willow, and tobacco in Pittsylvania County June 14. (Dominick). MARYLAND - First adult of season feeding on asparagus at Mardela Springs, Wicomico County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). DELAWARE - First adults of season June 18 in New Castle County. (Spear, Lake). 600 MEDITERRANEAN FRUIT FLY (Ceratitis capitata) - FLORIDA - All trap inspections negative during May. TEXAS - Traps Serviced in Bee, Brooks, Cameron, Dimmit, Hidalgo, La Salle, Maverick, Nueces, Starr, Val Verde, Webb, Willacy, Zavala, and Zapata Counties with negative results. (PPC South. Reg.). MORMON CRICKET (Anabrus Simplex) - NEVADA - Counts per square yard averaged 10- 15 near water and 1-2 at margins of infested area in Rosebud, Pershing County. Infestations continued along 1.5-2 miles of road in area. (Adams, Martinelli). UTAH - Found in range area west from Randolph, Rich County. (Thornley, Knowlton, June 11). PINK BOLLWORM (Pectinophora gossypiella) - CALIFORNIA - Moth emergence continues in desert cotton areas. Low in sex lure traps in Blythe, Riverside County, and in Imperial County. Cotton now mature enough for larval infestations. All trapping results negative in San Joaquin Valley. Sterile moth drops continue restricted due to production difficulties; control of disease difficult in laboratory. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). NEW MEXICO - Moth counts per night in sex lure traps placed in cotton fields by county: Eddy-130 June 17 and 61 June 20 (12 traps) in one field and 53 June 17 and 27 June 20 (10 traps) in another field (Mathews); southern Dona Ana-42 June 14, 37 June 15, 38 June 16 and 17, none June 18, and 42 June 19 (20 traps) (Adams). No moths in 6 traps at Brazito since June 18-20. (Campbell). TEXAS - Total of 5 moths taken in sex lure traps and one in light traps in McLennan and Falls Counties. Total of 38 moths in light traps and 26 in sex lure traps to date. (Cowan et al.). RANGE CATERPILLAR (Hemileuca oliviae) - NEW MEXICO - Light hatch in Union and Colfax Counties. (Finnie). WHITE-FRINGED BEETLES (Graphognathus spp.) - VIRGINIA - Larval diggings in previously infested soybean field at Hampton revealed 25 larvae per square foot. Control conducted in Nansemond and Scott Counties and in cities of Hampton and Newport News during May. MARYLAND - At Temple Hills, 2 late instars recovered from known infested site. (PPC East. Reg.). GOLDEN NEMATODE (Heterodera rostochiensis) - NEW YORK - Survey of seed potato farms completed May 22 throughout State. Total of 6,726 samples collected representing 4,827 acres in 15 counties. Two fields found infested in Steuben County. Survey continued on tablestock farms; 4,900 samples collected from 3,370 acres. Six fields now infested; all in Prattsburg area, Steuben County. Control operations begun on Long Island May 20. MAINE - Processing of 1,766 samples from potato storage areas in Aroostook County completed May 3; results negative. MARYLAND - Soil samples collected on limited scale in Worcester County; number of samples washed, all negative. (PPC East. Reg.) FLORIDA - Soil samples collected on prison farm at Jacksonville; farm received potato waste from potato chip company, importer of potatoes from Steuben County, New York. Numerous root samples examined with negative results. Checks made on 2 farms at Elkton that had received seed potatoes from infested area of New York. Root samples examined with negative results. (PPC South. Reg., May Rpt.). KENTUCKY - Twelve soil samples collected from suspect area in Louisville where potato shipment received from Steuben County, New York. No suspect cysts found. (PPC Cent. Reg., May Rpt.) Weather of the Week continued from page 572, tral Great Plains and the western portion of the northern Great Plains averaged slightly warmer than normal. Over the East, temperatures averaged cooler than normal in spite of a warming trend during the week in the South Central and South- east and rapid warming over the weekend in the Northeast. 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