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VOL. 23 NO. 27 July 6, 1973 Cooperative Economic Insect Report ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE PLANT PROTECTION AND QUARANTINE PROGRAMS PEST SURVEY AND TECHNICAL SUPPORT STAFF The Cooperative Economic Insect Report is issued weekly as a Service to American Agriculture. Its contents are compiled from information supplied by cooperating State, Federal, and industrial entomologists and other agricultural workers. In releasing this material the Service serves as a Clearing house and does notassume responsibility for ac- curacy of the material. All reports and inquiries pertaining to this release, including the mailing list, should be sent to: CEIR Pest Survey and Technical Support Staff Plant Protection and Quarantine Programs Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service United States Department of Agriculture Federal Center Building Hyattsville, Maryland 20782 Volume 23 Iualige Gres 1973 Number 27 COOPERATIVE ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT HIGHLIGHTS Current Conditions CORN LEAF APHID increased on sorghum in southern Panhandle of Texas, heavy in southeast Kansas and southern Nebraska. POTATO LEAFHOPPER increased on alfalfa in Ohio and Wisconsin. TOBACCO BUDWORM severe on tobacco in southern Coastal Plain of North Carolina, heavy in southern Maryland. (pp. 419-420). EUROPEAN CORN BORER first-generation larvae generally light in major corn-growing areas, continued moderate to heavy in corn throughout Maryland. Egg laying and hatch of second generation reported from several areas. CORN ROOTWORMS damaged corn in central and eastern Nebraska, and in central and northwest Missouri. (pp. 421-422). VARIEGATED CUTWORM continued heavy on alfalfa in Nevada, heavy on seedling apples in field nursery in Marion County, Oregon. (pp. 423, 427). BOLL WEEVIL emergence very heavy in Tennessee cotton-growing area, continued heavy in northern Alabama. (p. 424). TOBACCO FLEA beetle damaged newly transplanted tobacco in northern Kentucky. ALFALFA LOOPER damaged several legume crops in Idaho. (p. 425). SOUTHERN PINE BEETLE severe on pines in Piedmont and mountain areas of North Carolina, potential for severe outbreak exists in Delaware. (pp. 427-428). FACE FLY very heavy on cattle in eastern South Dakota, annoyed cattle in Vermont. (p. 428). GRASS BUGS damaged range grasses in Utah. GRASSHOPPERS heavy on rangeland in some Western States. (pp. 430-432). Detection A GELECHIID MOTH reported for first time in Pennsylvania. (p. 427). For new county records see page 432. Reports in this issue are for week ending June 29 unless other- wise indicated. - 417 - CONTENTS Specral insects of Resional Significance. ..4. 00-22) eee Insects Affecting Corn, Sorghum, Sugarcane...421 Miscellaneous Field Crops. .42: peu ilibs (Gree alae Bias ola ceo oie --...422 Potatoes, Tomatoes, Turf, Pastures, Rangeland. .423 Peppers. oss, ads eee -. 42) Forage Legumes.......... --.-423. General Vegetables.j25 5.744 SOY DEAN Sire tee CL me 424 Deciduous Fruits and Nuts. . 42’ Co mtabonke ee r8.e stasis teeta 424 Ornamentals 222) 2ie eee 22242 NODACCO na ate 56 Se GM ieee onlar nire 425 Forest and Shade Trees..... 42% SUA BESS os Gere oe ee. ones cneeee 425° Man and Animals "8 eee ~. 42 Hawaii insect Report. 3 ee eee 3628. a eae ae sales Stele Benerucials TnSeets yee eee soococ Federal and State Plant Protection Programs DECC COMM HEE He taie re lec cpatry nus la lee ay eee : font Trap Collections 34. 5 C Weather” of "the ‘Week .') 2230) Yaa ke set. eee ee ee NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE'S 30-DAY OUTLOOK July 1973 The National Weather Service's 30-day outlook for July is for temperatures to average below seasonal normals east of the Continental Divide except for near to above normal in the North east and near normal along the gulf coast. Above normal tempera tures are indicated west of the Divide except for near normal along the north and central Pacific coast. Rainfall is expected to exceed normal over the Midwest, the south Atlantic coast, and the Rio Grande Valley. Subnormal totals are indicated for the northwest quarter of the Nation. In unspecified areas near normal rainfall is in prospect. Weather forecast given here is based on the official 30-day "Resume and Outlook" published twice a month by the National Weather Service. You can subscribe through the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D.C. 20250. Price $5.00 a year. - 418 - SPECIAL INSECTS OF REGIONAL SIGNIFICANCE ARMYWORM (Pseudaletia unipuncta) - DELAWARE - Larvae heavy in some corn, and in grassy pea and potato fields in Kent and Sussex Counties. Adults averaged 300 per night in several black- light traps. (Burbutis, Davis). MARYLAND - Populations declined rapidly throughout State. Heaviest infestations in no-till corn ranged 1-4 percent in Frederick, Washington, and Garrett Counties. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). KENTUCKY - Damaged corn in Bourbon and Hardin Counties. Damage to most corn in State light compared to past 2 years. (Barnett). MICHIGAN - Blacklight trap collections diminished; very few moths now taken. (Sauer). WISCONSIN - Larvae appeared in oats, primarily in eastern area. Heaviest count, 3 per 50 sweeps in Rock County oatfield. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). CORN EARWORM (Heliothis zea) - TEXAS - Moderate in whorls of grain sorghum in Knox County. Insignificant numbers attacked grain sorghum in Hale County. (Boring, Latham). OKLAHOMA - Eggs numerous on corn checked in Tillman County. Larvae moderate to heavy in sweet corn in Marshall County, moderate in Tulsa County. Counts in peanuts in Caddo and Washita Counties averaged one per plant. Light in alfalfa in Jackson and Greer Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). MISSISSIPPI - Moderate to heavy on corn in Amite and Pike Counties. (Robinson). INDIANA - Half-grown larvae damaged sweet corn in Jackson County, first of season. (Huber). CORN LEAF APHID (Rhopalosiphum maidis) - TEXAS -— Moderate to heavy in whorls of grain sorghum in Glasscock County. Increased in many Lubbock area sorghum fields. Ranged light to moderate in most Hale County fields and in other counties near Amarillo, Potter County. Beneficial species increased; lady beetle adults ranged up to 3 per row foot in some Hale County fields. (McIntyre et al.). OKLAHOMA - Moderate in corn and sorghum in Tillman County. Lady beetles appear to be preventing increases. R. maidis ranged 50-60 per terminal in Jackson County in sorghum. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). KANSAS - Moderate to sometimes heavy in southeast district sorghum. Although noticeable foliar injury not found in area, some treat- ments applied. Light to moderate whorl infestations common in larger sorghum in Riley, Pottawatomie, and Wabaunsee Counties. Adult lady beetles, mainly Hippodamia convergens (convergent lady beetle), heavy and preying on aphids. (Bell). NEBRASKA - R. maidis built up in Clay County sorghum; averaged 2.6 per plant, ranged 0-600 per 40 plants. (Gary). Heavy in southeast district; ranged from zero to 200+ per plant in 3 fields sampled in Lancaster County. Soil moisture adequate in 8-inch or taller sorghum; no stress due to this aphid visible. (Roselle). ILLINOIS - First of season light on 15-inch sorghum in Massac County. Nearly 100 percent of plants infested. (I1l. Ins. Rpt.). INDIANA - Infested most of 25 cornfields in Kosciusko County. (Engelberth). GREENBUG (Schizaphis graminum) - TEXAS - Decreased on sorghum in Blacklands and Stephenville area. Light in Coryell, McLennan, Hill, and Bell Counties. Light to moderate in isolated fields in Glass- cock County in Trans-—Pecos area. Colonies ranged 1-2 per plant (averaged 4-50 individuals per colony) in most fields of 12 to 18- inch plants. Activity light in Reeves and Pecos Counties. Averaged less than 2 per plant in Hale County. Found in many fields across Panhandle. Populations light in Carson, Potter, Moore, Gray, Hale, - 419 - Castro, Lamb, and Parmer Counties. (Hoelscher et al.). ARKANSAS -— Very light in one Arkansas County sorghum field. This is first record of 1973. Survey negative in 4 Prairie County fields. (Boyer). OKLAHOMA - Schizaphis graminum very light in most sorghum in Texas County, but averaged 40 per plant in one field. Beneficial species, especially lady beetles, numerous. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). KANSAS - Infestations on sorghum still generally light throughout State. Slight buildups noted on lower leaves in Riley and Wabaunsee Counties; these infestations still very light. Infestations in southwest area generally light; one Stevens County field watched closely due to presence of significant and rapidly increasing population. Averaged 117 per plant June 21, increased to 165 (6 to 8-inch plants) June 25, up to 3 lower leaves infested, (Bell). NEBRASKA - S. graminum scattered on sorghum in southeast, central, and southern districts; few fields required treatment, but popula- tions below economic levels in most fields. Flights still light; 6 winged forms taken in 4 yellow pan traps June 22-28 in Clay County. (Roselle, Gary). Continued to increase in Clay County; ranged 0-326 per 40 plants, averaged 2.3 per plant, in 140 sorghum | fields sampled. (Keith et al.). Ranged 3-50 per plant in 3 sorghum fields surveyed in Lancaster County; some damage noted. (Roselle). SOUTH DAKOTA - This species and Macrosiphum avenae (English grain aphid) infested some varieties of spring wheat in eastern Beadle County and Brookings County. S. graminum up to 15 per head of wheat with additional aphids on lower leaves in some fields. Ratio of species in Beadle County about 50:50. Population expected to increase, treatments will probably be required first week of July. , Due to extremely dry conditions, fewer greenbugs than normal will have economic impact. (Jones). ne POTATO LEAFHOPPER (Empoasca fabae) - OHIO - Increased in alfalfa; heaviest counts per sweep to date averaged 4.2 in Preble and 1.4 in Darke Counties. (Fox). ILLINOIS - Light on soybeans in Logan County; caused no damage. None found in one Pope County field. (Ill. Ins. Rpt.). WISCONSIN - Continued to increase slowly. Most damage to alfalfa caused by nymphs. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). KANSAS - Ranged O-8 per 10 sweeps in alfalfa in Wabaunsee and Pottawatomie Counties. (Bell). TOBACCO BUDWORM (Heliothis virescens) - NORTH CAROLINA - Damage very severe in southern Coastal Plain tobacco fields. Counts in 30 fields across Sampson, Duplin, and Johnson Counties showed 15 percent of fields above threshold level of 10 percent plants infested. Fields (50+ percent) in Coastal Plain buttoning or flowering. Very little leaf damage will occur in flowering fields. (Hunt, June 22). MARYLAND - Second and third-instar larval infesta-. tion heavy (40 percent) in 50 acres of early planted tobacco near If, Jelena, Ciesoles Coumny, (Us lilo, innie4 Wet.) > TOBACCO HORNWORM (Manduca sexta) - INDIANA - First adults of season taken in blacklight traps in Lagrange County June 26 and in Lawrence County June 21. (Huber). TOMATO HORNWORM (Manduca quinquemaculata) - INDIANA - First adult of season taken in blacklight trap in Sullivan County June 18. (Huber) . - 420 - | SORN, SORGHUM, SUGARCANE UROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) - KANSAS - First genera- sion noneconomic in Brown, Doniphan, Atchison, Leavenworth, Jackson, and Nemaha Counties. Economic in some early planted corn in Douglas and Johnson Counties. Infestations up to 55 percent oted in Douglas County and 85 percent in Johnson County. Most larvae bored into plants and first through third instars noted. fgg laying complete and all eggs hatched in eastern area as far horth as these counties including Riley and Pottawatomie Counties. Based on decreased moth catches in Brown and Republic Counties, gg laying should be about completed here also. (Bell). NEBRASKA - Some egg laying and hatch observed, but population light. (Koinzan, Keith). MISSOURI - Counts in corn 36-58 inches tall in northwest area ranged 16-48 percent of plants infested. Second to fourth-instar larvae ranged 0.4-3.1 per plant. Some larvae in — TOWA - O. nubilalis egg laying peaked June 22-23 with some oviposition occurring this period. Few early planted fields nearly 100 percent infested. Majority of fields ranged 5-20 percent infested. (Stockdale). MINNESOTA - Pupation about complete. Emergence ranged from 50 percent in southwest district to 98 gercent in southeast district. Reports of egg masses and larval feeding about nonexistant, as predicted in fall of 1972. (Minn. Pest Rpt.). WISCONSIN - Larval feeding evident on 2-6 percent of earliest corn in Grant, Lafayette, Rock, Sauk, and Washara Counties. Larvae mostly first instar, few second instars. Adult activity declined sharply. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). INDIANA - O. nubilalis larval feeding evident on average of 22 Mercent of plants in 24 cornfields in Kosciusko County; corn averaged 44 inches extended leaf height. (Anderson). Fourth- ‘instar, with occasional fifth-instar, larvae observed in southern third of State. (Huber). MICHIGAN - Blacklight collections indicate first-brood emergence near completion June 26. Few stragglers will occur, continued larval controls may be needed. (Sauer). OHIO - First-generation larvae fed in corn whorls in 2 Licking County fields; damaged 35 percent and 50 percent of plants in these fields, respectively. (Blair). Damaged about 50 percent of plants per examined field in Ashland, Wayne, Holmes, Coshocton, Perry, Belmont, Jefferson, and Knox Counties. (Musick). KENTUCKY - O. nubilalis first generation light on corn, especially ‘in northern areas. Damage evident statewide. In southern area, porers moved into whorls. In central and northern areas, larvae in the midribs near whorls. (Barnett). TENNESSEE - Survey of 15 ‘cornfields in western area indicated stalk infestation ranged 0-10 percent; whorl feeding and punctured stalks easily found in ‘infested fields. Now in pupal stage, adult emergence expected by mid-July. Extensive damage not expected. Damage to late-planted ‘corn could be heavy, however, if second and third-generation larvae build up. (Gordon). MARYLAND - O. nubilalis continued moderate to heavy in corn throughout State. About 20 percent of fields surveyed hosted populations in 60-90 percent range. Third-instar larvae present in ‘most fields on lower Eastern Shore. Western county corn hosted first and second instar. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). DELAWARE - Moths ranged 2-3 per night in blacklight traps period June 16-22 in Kent - 421 - and Sussex Counties. (Burbutis). NEW HAMPSHIRE - Ostrinia ‘ nubilalis moths light at Hudson, Hillsboro County, last 7 days of June. (Spencer). LESSER CORNSTALK BORER (Elasmopalpus lignosellus) - ALABAMA - Full-grown larvae damaged 30-acre field of sorghum and Sudan grass in Montgomery County. Growers in Autauga County reported heavy damage to grain sorghum over wide area. (McQueen). STALK BORER (Papaipema nebris) - MARYLAND - Caused moderate injury (5-15 percent) in no-till corn in central and Eastern Shore regions. Pest appears to be above normal in all sections this season. Full-grown larvae moved into corn from weeds along edges of fields. (U..Md., Ent. Dept.). MAIZE BILLBUG (Sphenophorus maidis) - MARYLAND - Populations appear above normal in Kent, Queen Annes, and Cecil Counties. Heaviest infestation found near Warwick, Cecil County, where 15 percent of 25-acre corn stand damaged. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). CORN ROOTWORMS (Diabrotica spp.) - NEBRASKA - Damage ranged light to severe in scattered cornfields in central and eastern distric) reported from Clay, Cuming, Lancaster, and Sarpy Counties. (Keith! MISSOURI - Damaged corn in central and northwest areas. One centr} area field showed some lodged plants, larvae averaged 13 per plant. (Thomas). Counts in northwest area ranged 3-28.4 larvae per plant. Severe root pruning noted in several fields; no lodginj} occurred. Some pupae of D. virgifera (southern corn rootworm) | observed. (Munson). re | SORGHUM MIDGE (Contarinia sorghicola) - TEXAS - Increased through) out much of south-central area on grain sorghum. Treatments } applied in Calhoun, Victoria, Guadalupe, and Brazos Counties. Light in Bell, McLennan, Falls, and Hill Counties. Populations increased but did not require treatment. (Cole, Hoelscher). SMALL GRAINS WHEAT STEM MAGGOT (Meromyza americana) - MINNESOTA —- Unusually | heavy in south-central and southwest districts. Infestation of 40° percent noted in one Lamberton station field plot of wheat. Some wheat fields along U.S. Highway 71 seemed white due to larval H| infestations. Heavy infestation ranged 10-30 percent in southwest! district. Treatments rarely applied as pest seldom reaches econom} levels. (Minn. Pest Rpt.). RICE WATER WEEVIL (Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus) - ARKANSAS —- Adult | activity very light on rice; only 6.6 percent of newly formed leaves had adult feeding signs. Root damage noted in only one field. Species now resistant to previously used insecticide seed treatment. Population suspected to be rebuilding. In most of 20 | fields, growers drained for control and/or cultural reasons. 4 (Boyer). : SAY STINK BUG (Chlorochroa sayi) - NEVADA - Moved into grain fielt in Fallon area, Churchill County, and Diamond Valley, Eureka Couni Small numbers of eggs present. (Lauderdale, Martinelli). - 422 - GLISH GRAIN APHID (Macrosiphum avenae) - NEVADA - Ranged 25-30 r head on 80 acres of wheat at Fallon, Churchill County. auderdale). RF, PASTURES, RANGELAND GEBRUSH DEFOLIATOR (Aroga websteri) - NEVADA - Heavy and caused vere damage to several hundred acres of sagebrush south of nio, Humboldt County; between Sonoma and Tobin Ranges in Pershing unty; and near South Fork of Humboldt River in western Elko unty. (Collins, Mertins). GRASSHOPPER (Metrioptera roeselii) - NEW HAMPSHIRE - Active in ladows in Dover area of Strafford County June 26. (Mason). 'RAGE LEGUMES \FALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - UTAH - Controls applied to eral thousand acres of seed and forage alfalfa over State; Sults generally effective. Much stubble spraying reported sllowing first-crop harvest. (Knowlton). NEBRASKA - Larvae nged 1-232 (average 30.1) and adults ranged 1-53 (average 9) zx 100 sweeps in 10 alfalfa fields in Gothenburg and Cozad area | Dawson County. In Lexington and Overton area of county, larvae mged 0-5 (average 1.4) and adults ranged 0-2 (average 0.9) 100 sweeps in 9 fields. All fields second growth, except one ld in idle acres. (Manglitz, Stevens). SOUTH DAKOTA - Larvae maged alfalfa near Spearfish, Lawrence County. Collections per sweeps made June 13 as follows: Field 1 - 2,356 larvae and adults in 22-inch alfalfa; Field 2 - 2,764 larvae and 458 pits in 22-inch alfalfa; Field 3 - 1,206 larvae and 203 adults alstrom). NORTH DAKOTA - Larvae in dryland, uncut alfalfa field McKenzie County increased. Counts of 6,200 and 6,800 per 100 eeps taken June 25 and 27, respectively. (Knutsen) . ISCONSIN - H. postica caused some moderate damage in few uncut falfa fields in Spring Green area of Sauk County; ranged up to | per sweep. Averaged 2 per 10 sweeps in some regrowth alfalfa. loulations Similar in uncut fields further north in county. New ults common, fields being rapidly harvested. Populations light, jm one per 10 sweeps to 4 per sweep in Brown, Door, Kewaunee, 1 Manitowoc Counties, except in few Door County fields with 7 c sweep and noticeable damage. Counts ranged 1-2 per 10 sweeps | southwest, central, and south-central areas. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). IO - Larvae senerally light on new growth alfalfa. Averages per |Sweeps by county: Butler 5, Preble 66, Darke 10, Paulding 4, ndusky 21, Delaware 3. (Fox) . Averaged 7 per 10 sweeps in anklin County. (Horn). NTUCKY - H. postica larvae very light statewide. About 90 percent jadults in diapause in southern and central areas. (Barnett, or). NEW YORK - Caused very serious damage to alfalfa in Wyoming Minty week ending June 22. Due to inability to harvest hay at pper stage. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt.). XR TEGATED CUTWORM (Peridroma saucia) - NEVADA - Continued heavy jalfalfa in Douglas, Esmeralda, Lincoln, and Lyon Counties. Lvy infestations appeared in Churchill County and lighter festations present in Eureka County. Treatments continued in L areas. (Nev. Coop. Rpt.). - 423 - ALFALFA LOOPER (Autographa californica) - NEVADA - All larval instars ranged 8-12 per sweep in Diamond Valley, Eureka County, { alfalfa hay fields. (Martinelli, Peters). LYGUS BUGS (Lygus spp.) - NEVADA - Adults moved into seed alfalfa at Reese River, Lander County; ranged 10-20 per sweep. Treatments applied. (Hilbig). SOYBEANS PAINTED LADY (Cynthia cardui) - SOUTH DAKOTA - Larvae continued heavy on Canada thistle in eastern area. Some soybean and sun- flower fields treated in Codington, Deuel, Brookings, and Moody Counties. Damage in untreated fields expected to continue 7-14 { days. Heavy larval migration noted crossing highways in eastern area. (Jones, Kantack). SOUTH DAKOTA - Larvae still active in soybean and sunflower fields in eastern counties. Damaged sun- flowers in Brown, Roberts, Day, Marshall, Grant, Spink, Deuel, Moody, and Brookings Counties. Second brood can be expected in some areas. Large second migratory flight noted in northern Moody County June 26. Adults crossed east to west over Interstate Route ~ 29 at 30 per minute per mile. (Jones). NEBRASKA - Larvae caused 4 light damage to soybean fields in Burt, Sanders, and Washington Counties. (Koinzan). COTTON BOLL WEEVIL (Anthonomus grandis) - TENNESSEE - Weevil emergence very heavy throughout cotton-growing area. Estimated population expected to be about same as in 1972. (Locke). GEORGIA - Leggett trap catches light. Punctured cotton squares increased; still non- economic (less than 10 percent) in Dooly and Burke Counties week ending June 23. (Barry, Womack). ALABAMA - Live weevil counts on 8 to 10-leaf cotton continued heavy on top of Sand Mountain in Marshall County June 25. Counts light but erratic on 6 to 8-leaf cotton in counties along Tennessee Valley; most growers will probably not experience much economic damage at time of second "hatchout."’ Cotton later than usual, second “hatchout" not expected until August. (Murphy et al.). Little or no economic damage occurred in any of 67 counties in State as of June 22. (McQueen). MISSISSIPPI - Few A. grandis egg punctures on squares found in older cotton in southern part of State. Egg punctures noted in Rankin and Noxubee Counties. (Robinson). ARKANSAS - Trap counts still heavy in Clay County; 359 taken in 10 traps. In Craighead County, 39 weevils taken in 10 traps. (Boyer). OKLAHOMA - Averaged one weevil per Leggett trap in Muskogee County. (Okla. Cyojn, Swkes))< BOLLWORMS (Heliothis spp.) - TENNESSEE - Egg laying by H. zea (bollworm) underway with some eggs on terminals. Some terminal | feeding by first instars noted. (Locke). GEORGIA - Economic, | treatments needed in several Dooly County cotton fields. Up to 10 larvae per 100 terminals noted. (Barry). ARKANSAS - H. zea out-— numbered H. virescens (tobacco budworm) on sugar lines and in light traps compared to previous period. This decline comparable to situation most past years. Several H. virescens moths observed on corn; not common in past years, although few larvae have been collected in ears in past. (Boyer). OKLAHOMA - Eggs light in cotton - 424 - in Bryan and Muskogee Counties; few second and third-instar larvae found in Webbers Falls area, Muskogee County. One larva found on 125 plants checked in Altus area, Jackson County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). ARIZONA - Heliothis zea eggs and larvae appeared in Yuma, Maricopa, and Pinal Counties. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). YELLOWSTRIPED ARMYWORM (Spodoptera ornithogalli) - OKLAHOMA - Destroyed stands of young cotton in Coal County. (Okla. Coop. pur.) COTTON FLEAHOPPER (Pseudatomoscelis seriatus) - OKLAHOMA - Counts per 100 terminals averaged 10 in Caddo and Washita Counties, 6 in Tillman County; ranged 0-63 in Greer and Jackson Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). TOBACCO TOBACCO FLEA BEETLE (Epitrix hirtipennis) - KENTUCKY - Caused 5-10 percent foliar loss to newly transplanted tobacco in northern areas. Adults averaged 3 per 100 plants in Carroll and Grant Counties; 60 percent of bottom 2 leaves destroyed in Bourbon . County. Damage also reported from Warren County. (Barnett et al.). SUGAR BEETS SUGARBEET ROOT MAGGOT (Tetanops myopaeformis) - NORTH DAKOTA - Adult emergence complete in Walsh and Pembina Counties; freshly laid eggs present, no hatch noted. (Kaatz). WYOMING - Damaged sugar beets in Park, Big Horn, and Washakie Counties. (Spackman). MISCELLANEOUS FIELD CROPS ALFALFA LOOPER (Autographa californica) - IDAHO - Larvae severely damaged alfalfa, clover, green and black peas, and lentils. Field infestations very spotted; at times range up to 50+ larvae per sweep. Damage resulted in cutting off and eating holes in vegetables, skeletonizing leaves of field crops, destroying wilted pods by notching, and severing terminals of lentils. First- generation pupation noted in Lewis County June 25 and Latah County June 28. Larvae over one inch in length not killed by treatments. (Portman). POTATOES, TOMATOES, PEPPERS VARIEGATED CUTWORM (Peridroma saucia) - OREGON - Larvae infested early planted fields of several varieties of potatoes in Washing- ton County from Wilsonville to Hillsboro. Infestations very spotty. Counts up to 18 per hill or one row foot in most heavily infested areas surveyed. No larvae found in later planted fields. (Collins). CABBAGE LOOPER (Trichoplusia ni) - NEVADA - Eggs, mostly small larvae, but some full-grown larvae infested 2,700 acres of potatoes at 10 larvae per 3 row feet in Dutch Flat and Paradise Hill area, Humboldt County. Treatments underway. (Rowe). POTATO SCAB GNAT (Pnyxia scabiei) - WASHINGTON - Larvae fed on decaying potato seed pieces at Eureka, Walla Walla County. Some common scab lesions observed on new potato tubers not infested with larvae of this pest. (Landis). - 425 - COLORADO POTATO BEETLE (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) - NORTH | DAKOTA - Adults, eggs, and larvae present in most potato fields in Walsh, Pembina, and Grand Forks Counties. Some controls applied. (Kaatz). TENNESSEE - Severely damaged potato plantings in western area. (Locke). GENERAL VEGETABLES BLACK CUTWORM (Agrotis ipsilon) - OREGON - Still problem to northwestern table beet growers. Infested fields in eastern Polk County June 27 show high percentage of large larvae indicating development about complete. (Penrose). HAWAII INSECT REPORT Corn — CORN PLANTHOPPER (Peregrinus maidis) trace in small planting of 12-inch sweet corn seedlings at Waimanalo, Oahu. Light to moderate in adjacent planting of slightly older sweet corn. Ranged 0-40 (average 6) nymphs and adults per plant. Predators nil. (Kawamura). Fruits and Nuts - COCONUT SCALE (Aspidiotus destructor) generally light to moderate on most of 100+ coconut trees at Hawaii Kai, Oahu; sporadically heavy on few trees. Colonies increased in number and size, but should abate soon. Nymphs and adults of Telsimia nitida and Lindorus lophanthae (lady beetles) moderate to heavy on infested pinnae. Nymphs and adults of Cryptolaemus montrouzieri (a lady beetle) also light. (Kawamura). General Vegetables - GREEN PEACH APHID (Myzus persicae) nymphs and adults light to mcederate in 60+ acres of potatoes at Mililani, Oahu. Coccinella septempunctata var. brucki light. (Davis). Ornamentals - SOUTHERN GREEN STINK BUG (Nezara viridula) nymphs and adults heavy in yard planting of Vanda joaquim at Wailuku, Maui; caused up to 50 percent bud drop. (Miyahira). All stages of GREENHOUSE THRIPS (Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis) heavy on foliage of experimental planting of Protea exima at Kula, Maui. (Mitchell). Population and damage of WESTERN FLOWER THRIPS (Frankliniella occidentalis) moderate to heavy in 2,000 square feet of potted chrysanthemums at Waianae, Oahu. (Kawamura). Beneficial Insects - All stages of a TINGID BUG (Leptobyrsa decora) moderate on lantana in pastures at Ulupalakua, Maui. Area of establishment increased. Species originally released in area during August 1970. Heavy adult activity of LANTANA HISPID (Uroplata girardi) noted in pastures at Waihee. Mines of LANTANA LEAF BEETLE (Octotoma scabripennis) light on wayside lantana at Hilo, Hawaii; less than 5 percent of leaves affected. (Ah Sam et al.). - 426 - if | 1| ‘IpECIDUOUS FRUITS AND NUTS ‘VARIEGATED CUTWORM (Peridroma saucia) - OREGON - Larvae heavy in layer beds of seedling apples at large field nursery near Mt. ‘lAngel, Marion County, June 27. Immatures ranged 2-3 per row foot ‘lin areas of heaviest damage. (Long, Penrose). A GELECHIID MOTH (Trichotaphe iothalles) - PENNSYLVANIA - Larvae idamaged sweet cherry in Adams County. Collected by R.B. Colburn May 17, 1973. Determined by R.W. Hodges. This is a new State record. Species is serious pest of peach in Japan. (Colburn). T, iothalles has been recorded in several coastal areas of Tortheastern U.S. (PPQ). PEAR PSYLLA (Psylla pyricola) - MASSACHUSETTS - Heavy in several jpear orchards in Middlesex and Worcester Counties June 18, Controls lapplied, results satisfactory. (Costante). JEUROPEAN RED MITE (Panonychus ulmi) - OHIO - Increased rapidly in \|Fairfield County apple orchard; averaged one per leaf June 18 and 18 per leaf June 25. Continued insignificant in several other jorchards in Fairfield, Perry, and Jackson Counties by June 25, ‘(Holdsworth). i PECAN NUT CASEBEARER (Acrobasis caryae) - OKLAHOMA - Infested )8-14 percent of nut clusters in untreated native pecans checked jn Rogers County; larvae about half grown. Infestations ranged lup to 30 percent in Pontotoc County, up to 10 percent in Coal ‘County. Moderate in Lincoln County and light to moderate in \Marshall County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). TEXAS - Second-generation ‘larvae emerged throughout many south-central counties. Heavy jidamage reported from Knox County and moderate damage reported in Young County. Feeding noted in Ward County. (Cole et al.). j WALNUT CATERPILLAR (Datana integerrima) - OKLAHOMA - First larvae jof Season noted on pecan trees in Perkins area, Payne County. | (Okla. Coop. Sur.). TEXAS - Damaged pecans in Gonzales and De Witt Counties. Light damage noted on pecan foliage in Glasscock County. ‘Populations increased in San Angelo area. (Cole et al.). (ORNAMENTALS \||DOUGLAS FIR TUSSOCK MOTH (Hemerocampa pseudotsugata) - NEW MEXICO - [Light to heavy populations damaged ornamental plantings of Douglas- fir, white fir, and blue and Engelmann spruces in 4-square mile area at Los Alamos, Los Alamos County. Defoliation evident, itreatment required. (N.M. Coop. Rpt..). IAN ARMORED SCALE (Fiorinia externa) - PENNSYLVANIA - Crawlers taken on Canadian hemlock at Wharton Township, Fayette County, June \18,. Heavy, caused yellowing of foliage on six to 8-inch diameter trees in an ornamental planting, Determined by G. Sleesman. This is a new county record. (Nicholson). |FOREST AND SHADE TREES ‘SOUTHERN PINE BEETLE (Dendroctonus frontalis) - DELAWARE - Survey jweek of June 22, of overwintering population showed potential for Severe outbreak this season. (Burbutis, Davis). NORTH CAROLINA - Pines infested in spring turning red and dying. Aerial surveys lof known infested counties conducted. First reports show new - 427 - infestations; problem expected to remain severe this summer and fall. Heaviest infestations noted in Piedmont and mountains. Salvage of infested trees urged to reduce loss. (N.C. For. Serv.) DOUGLAS FIR TUSSOCK MOTH (Hemerocampa pseudotsugata) - WASHINGTON Egg hatch began June 18 on Douglas-fir and grand fir at 3, 000-fo0o0 level near Leavenworth, Chelan County. (Rushmore). AN ERIOPHYID MITE (Trisetacus gemmavitians) - OHIO - Recovered from Scotch pine in Tuscarawas County June 21. This is a new county record, (Styer). ELM LEAF BEETLE (Pyrrhalta luteola) - DELAWARE - Larvae very heavy on elm trees throughout State week ending June 22. Caused } severe feeding injury. (Burbutis, Davis). OKLAHOMA - Second- ‘| generation oviposition underway in Payne County. First-generation damage ranged 5-60 (average 30 percent) on leaf surface on 25 Siberian elms checked in Stillwater area. (Okla. Coop), Sum pe . TEXAS - Increased in widely scattered areas of State on elm trees, Moderate to heavy on elms in Knox, Pecos, Andrews, Martin, | Glasscock, and Reeves Counties. Still problem on Chinese elm trees: in Lubbock area, (Boring et al.). } FALL CANKERWORM (Alsophila pometaria) - WEST VIRGINIA - Aerial | survey of Dolly Sods area and areas northward along Allegheny front in Grant County revealed 823 forest acres 100 percent } defoliated by June 26; about 1,400 acres 50 percent defoliated. (Miller). WALNUT CATERPILLAR (Datana integerrima) - TEXAS - Heavy on oaks | and other shade trees in Matagorda County area. (Vestal). MAN AND ANIMALS SCREWWORM (Cochliomyia hominivorax) - Total of 301 confirmed cases reported in continental U.S. during period June 17-23 as follows: Texas 39, New Mexico 42, Arizona 214, California 6. Total of 606 cases confirmed from Mexico. Number of sterile flies released in U.S. during this period totaled 136,438,800 as follows } Texas 96,622,400; New Mexico 9,502,200; Arizona 28,654,200; California 1,620,000. Total of 44,406,000 sterile flies released in Mexico. (Anim. Health). FACE FLY (Musca autumnalis) - VERMONT - Annoyed cattle on sunny days. (MacCollom). MISSISSIPPI - Averaged 35 per face in one herd of 35 cattle in Monroe County. (Robinson). TENNESSEE - Averaged 6 per head on cattle herd in Giles County. This is a new county record, (Robinson). Light on cattle in Washington County; surveys | negative in Chester and Dyer Counties. (Walker, Gordon), INDIANA —. Averaged 9.8 per bull and 14.6 per steer on 5 bulls and 9 steers in) single herd in Tippecanoe County. (Christiansen). SOUTH DAKOTA - Very heavy on cattle in eastern area. Up to 100 per head noted on untreated cattle in Geddes area of Charles Mix County. Ranged 25-75 per head in northern Moody County. (Kantack). HORN FLY (Haematobia irritans) - VERMONT - Increased on livestock over State. (MacCollom). FLORIDA - Averaged 160 per animal in untreated beef herds and 29 per animal in treated herds at Gainesville, Alachua County. Determined by E. Head. (Fla. Coop. Sur.). MISSISSIPPI - Adults ranged 500-600 per head in Tallahatchie - 428 - County; averaged 300 per head in one Monroe County herd. (Robinson). TENNESSEE - Counts per head on cattle by county: Warren 300-500 on untreated herd, controls underway; Giles 20-30 on one herd, controls applied weekly; Dyer 8-10 on black cattle and 1-2 on whitefaced cattle in one herd, treated backrubbers used; Chester 0-50 on one herd. (Eisler et al.). OKLAHOMA - Ranged 300-500 per head on cattle in Marshall County. Heavy in Pontotoc, Stephens, Garvin, Coal, Hughes, and Craig Counties; moderate in Tulsa, Cleveland, and Lincoln Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). TEXAS - Increased in widely scattered areas of State. Moderate to heavy on cattle where treatment not applied in Baylor, Throckmorton, Wichita, and Fisher Counties. Decreased slightly in Wichita County probably due to hot, dry weather. Light on cattle through- out Trans-Pecos area. Light on sheep and goats in Reagan and Upland Counties. Moderate to heavy on cattle in San Angelo area counties. Decreased in much of South-central area. (Boring et al.). MOSQUITOES - ALABAMA - Larvae and adults of Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus and other mosquitoes heavy over east-central area. Weather conditions, with well-spaced rains, have’ been favorable for development. (Barwood et al.). TENNESSEE - Heavy in central and western areas; nuisance to campers and in late evening. (Eisler, Locke). OHIO - Light trap collections in vicinity of Toledo, Lucas County, totaled 200 for period June 10-16. Aedes vexans, Culex pipiens pipiens, Anopheles quadrimaculatus, and A. punc punctipennis taken. Heavier than same time in 1972. Larval collections June 22 in Washington County showed all instars present, with third and fourth instars most common, Anopheles punctipennis, Aedes vexans, C. restuans, C. territans, and C. pipiens pipiens collec ted Anopheles s. Spp. and Culex Spp. adults troublesome in Highland County. (Ohio Dept. Health). WISCONSIN - Warm, dry weather dried most temporary breeding pools. Major problems confined mostly to vicinity of wetlands; hence, heavy biting persists at scattered locations over State. Problems reported in parts of Waukesha, Vilas, Chippewa, Door, and Sauk Counties. Light to moderate annoyance to cattle reported in Chippewa, Outagamie, and Rock Counties. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). OKLAHOMA - Adults, mainly Psorophora spp., heavy in several counties in east- ern half of State. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). TEXAS - Decreased slightly due to hot, dry weather in Panhandle counties. Moderate populations annoyed cattle on isolated ranches in Culberson County. (Clymer, Neeb). TABANID FLIES - OKLAHOMA - Tabanus spp. moderate to heavy on cattle in Payne and Muskogee Counties. Chrysops spp. heavy and annoyed cattle in Coal,and humans in Payne Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). BENEFICIAL INSECTS PAINTED LADY (Cynthia cardui) - WISCONSIN - Larvae prevalent on Canada thistle; noted over most of State. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). LADY BEETLES - OKLAHOMA - Counts, mostly Hippodamia convergens (convergent lady beetle), heavy in alfalfa and moderate in cotton in Caddo and Washita Counties; heavy in sorghum in Tillman and Texas Counties. Ranged 5-10 per 100 plants in cotton in Jackson County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). AN ICHNEUMON WASP (Bathyplectes anurus) - OHIO - Attained maximum of 5 percent parasitism of Hypera postica (alfalfa weevil) larvae - 429 - at Wooster, Wayne County. (Horn). A BRACONID WASP (Microctonus aethiops) - NEW YORK - Releases of this adult parasite of Hypera postica (alfalfa weevil) by county: Jefferson June 15, Ontario June 19, Wayne June 22. At time of releases, damage to alfalfa light in Jefferson, moderate in Wayne, severe in Ontario Counties. M. aethiops recovered for first time in Oswego, Seneca, and Chemung Counties. These are new county records. Also taken in southern Livingston County. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpice We A CHALCID WASP (Brachymeria intermedia) - WEST VIRGINIA - Released 2,000 adults of this pupal parasite of Porthetria dispar (gypsy moth) in Jefferson County June 20 and 1,000 adults in Berkeley County June 21. Released by J. Leonard. (Coffman). FEDERAL AND STATE PLANT PROTECTION PROGRAMS CEREAL LEAF BEETLE (Oulema melanopus) - NEW YORK - Heavy at two locations on Attica Prison Farm and moderate at one Silver Springs location June 22 in Wyoming County. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt.). PENNSYLVANIA - Averages of one egg, 2 larvae, and 3 adults per 2 row feet noted for 3 locations in Westmoreland County. Total leaf damage ranged 3-10 percent. (Garra). Larvae averaged 2 and 8, adults 9 and 20 per row foot in Butler County June 23. (Lilley). Light at College and Furgeson Townships, Centre County, June 21; larvae averaged 2 per row foot in 3 fields. Adults noted in oat- fields and in nursery. Larvae parasitized by Tetrastichus julis (a braconid wasp). (Keim). MISSOURI - Immatures collected in oat- field at Bloomdale, Ste. Genevieve County, June 6, 1973, by D.F. Courtney. Determined by R.E. White. This is a new county record. (PPQ). EUROPEAN CHAFER (Amphimallon majalis) - OHIO - About 25 adults observed at dusk June 19 within regulated property on east side of Cleveland, Cuyahoga County. Several specimens collected for positive determination. This is first record for season. Trapping negative in other areas to date. (Barth). GRASS BUGS - UTAH - Labops hesperius and L. hirtus eggs hatched at higher elevations in Iron and Kane Counties. Adults of Irbisia sp. discolored introduced grasses in Pinto Mountains in Iron County; mixed infestations of Labops spp. and Irbisia spp. reported in other areas. Damage to large areas of crested wheatgrass occurred at lower elevations, L. hesperius damaged crested and pubescent wheatgrass in Green Lakes area of Iron County. Cattle mostly avoided severely damaged grass. (Haws). GRASSHOPPERS - NORTH DAKOTA - Infestations scattered along western edge of Pierce County; ranged up to 60 (average 5) per square yard in margins and up to 40 (average less than 1) within fields. Ranged up to 30 (average 8) per Square yard in field margins in north- western McHenry County; ranged up to 40 in some alfalfa, clover, and stubble fields. Ranged up to 60 (average 15) per square yard in field margins in Westhope, Maxbass, Kramer, and Gardena areas of Bottineau County. Melanoplus sanguinipes and M. bivittatus dominant; ranged first to fifth instar. (Grasser, June 22). Few adult M. bivittatus noted in Cass County. (Brandvik). SOUTH DAKOTA - Camnula pellucida hatch well underway in western Pennington County. At higher elevations in northwestern Pennington — 430 - County, 50 percent of Camnula pellucida nymphs first instar, rest second stage. Near Moon, southwestern Pennington County, nymphs mostly in second instar with some first instars present. Some Melanoplus bivittatus also present in these areas. C. pellucida nymphs ranged 40-50 per square yard at Custer Airport. First through fourth stage nymphs present. In hatching bed at one Custer County location, 50 nymphs per square yard noted, averaged 20 per square yard in areas near hatching beds. Of species present, 65 percent M. bivittatus; up to fifth instar. Populations averaged 7 per square yard in other areas of Custer County. (Zimmerman). OKLAHOMA - Grasshopper nymphs ranged 8-25 per square yard on about 20,000 acres of grassland in Carter County, 10,000 acres in Murray County, and 10,000 acres in Pontotoc County. Nymphs ranged first to fifth instar, with 85 percent in third to fifth instars. Melanoplus bivittatus, Hesperotettix speciosus, Boopedon nubilun, and M. differentialis dominant, Nymphs threatening in scattered areas in Caddo, Comanche, Greer, and Kiowa Counties but no general economic infestations developed in area. Nymphs ranged 8-25 per square yard on about 60,000 acres of rangeland in Beaver County, 40,000 acres in Ellis County, 50,000 acres in Harper County, and 40,000 acres in Woodward County; ranged first instar to adult with 90 percent in second to fourth instar. Drepanopterna femoratum, Philibostroma quadrimaculatum, Ageneotettix deorum, M. occidentalis, Aulocara elliotti, and H. speciosus “speciosus dominant. Mostly M. bivittatus destroyed stands of. young cotton in some areas of Caddo, Custer, and Washita Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). TEXAS - Grasshoppers heavy, defoliated edges of many Hale County sorghum fields. Also damaged fields bordering pastureland in Bailey, Lamb, and Swisher Counties. (Latham, McIntyre). NEW MEXICO - Large numbers of Trimerotropis sp. adults congregating at lights in many cities in southern part of State. (N.M. Coop. Rpt.). UTAH - Grasshoppers severe in Snowville area, Box Elder County, with damage to grain and alfalfa. (Finch, Knowlton). Spot outbreaks on rangeland observed in Snowville area, and at McCormick, Holden, and other localities in Millard County, and in local areas of Utah and Cache Counties. (Knowlton). IDAHO - M. confusus ranged 30-100 per Square yard over 6,000 acres in northern Cassia County. (Pollard). In Carey, Lincoln County, second to fourth instars of Oedaleonotus enigma and M. sanguinipes, with some bandedwing and slantface species, ranged 25-30 per square yard; 100+ per square yard noted in some areas June 20, 1973. (Hopkins). MONTANA - Me lanoplus bivittatus and M. dawsoni infested 2,500 acres of rangeland in Powell County north of Ovando at rate of 10- 15 per Square yard. North of Avon, M. bivittatus and M. sanguinipes up to 100 per square yard on 10,000 acres. In Lewis and Clark County, M. bivittatus and M. sanguinipes ranged 5-20 per square yard. M. bivittatus at Coffee Creek, Fergus County, ranged up to 100 per yard on 1,000 acres. In Blaine County, this species ranged up to 100 per square yard on 1,200 acres. (Pratt). OREGON - Melanoplus spp. not developing in Malheur, Harney, and Morrow Counties as in 1972. Economic in some areas. of Wallowa and Umatilla Counties; little rancher interest noted in cooperative programs, (Goeden et al.). NEVADA - Melanoplus bivittatus, M. sanguinipes, and Oedaleonotus enigma ranged 35-40 per square yard on 130 acres of grain at Orovada, Humboldt County. M. bivittatus and M. Sanguinipes ranged 3- 5 per square yard on 160 acres of wheat in Diamond Valley, Eureka County. (Martinelli et al.). M. — 430) — bivittatus, M. sanguinipes and O. enigma ranged 10-15 per square yard on 130 acres of alfalfa at Orovada, Humboldt County. M. bivittatus and M. sanguinipes ranged 4-6 per square yard in several alfalfa fields in Diamond Valley, Eureka County. (Martinelli et | alee) 7 | | | GYPSY MOTH (Porthetria dispar) - CONNECTICUT - Feeding injury decreased rapidly; larvae pupating. Some adults expected next few ~ days. (Kersting). MARYLAND - Larval finds in Cecil County contin- — ued. Five larvae collected from Elk Neck Peninsula June 19; one larva collected at Craigtown June 20, by J. Pecor. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). JAPANESE BEETLE (Popillia japonica) - NEW HAMPSHIRE - First adult activity of season reported June 28 in southern area in Hillsboro and Strafford Counties. (Dyracz, Reeves). MASSACHUSETTS - First adults of season noted on roses June 18 in Hampshire County. (Blyth). PENNSYLVANIA - Pupae and adults noted in turf in Harris- burg area, Dauphin County; mainly pupae. Some transformed to adults. but none found above ground as of June 25. (Simons). OHIO - Noticeable adult emergence began June 25-26 in Akron, Summit County, and in Wayne County. Peak emergence in these areas should occur with several days of warm, Sunny weather. (Lawrence). WEST VIRGINIA - First adults of season in Roane County noted June 25. (Atkins). MARYLAND - Adult emergence peaked in central area. Still light statewide, local moderate to heavy infestations reported from St. Marys, Charles, Prince Georges, and Baltimore Counties. St. Marys County seems most heavily infested area in State. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). VIRGINIA - First of season reported in Prince Edward County June 18, in Montgomery County June 22, (Perry). SOUTH CAROLINA - Adult emergence heavy in Oconee, Pickens, and Greenville Counties. Defoliated several plum trees and severely damaged grapes and roses at one location in Oconee County. Controls applied. (McCaskill). TENNESSEE - Adult emergence heavy in northern part of eastern area. (Quillin, Hammett). DETECTION New State Record - A GELECHIID MOTH (Trichotaphe iothalles) - PENNSYLVANIA — Adams County. (p. 427). New County Records - HOLLYHOCK WEEVIL (Apion longirostre) VIRGINIA -— Adults taken in Albemarle County June 20 by J.E. Roberts, Sr. (Allen). A SOFT SCALE (Pseudophillipia quaintancii) VIRGINIA - Adults collected by G. Breeden in Greensville County June 22, 1973. Determined by M. Kosztarab. (Allen). AN ARMORED SCALE (Fiorinia externa) PENNSYLVANIA - Fayette (p. 427). A BRACONID WASP (Microctonus aethiops) NEW YORK .- Oswego, Seneca, Chemung (p. 430). CEREAL LEAF BEETLE (Oulema melanopus) MISSOURI - Ste. Genevieve (p. 430). AN ERIOPHYID MITE (Trisetacus gemmavitians) OHIO - Tuscarawas (p. 427). FACE FLY (Musca Musca autumnalis) TENNESSEE - Giles (p. 428). - 432 - LIGHT TRAP COLLECTIONS t N bl st Aq N IN I eS (o2) No qo SS =~ oO Xe} n [=] x aoo Za Ans On 2HO No 3 Oo - HS Mm A [a=] es} = =x Gainesville 6/22-28 FLOR IDA INDIANA (Counties) Lawrence 6/14-20 Tippecanoe 6/14-20 Beaconsfield 6/22 Gilbert 6/22 IOWA Goodland 6/23 Tribune 6/19, 21, 25 KANSAS Princeton 6/27 KENTUCKY Crookston 6/21-27 Fergus Falls 6/21-27 MINNESOTA Stoneville 6/22-28 MISSISSIPPI Plymouth 6/20-21 Scotts Bluff 6/28 NEBRASKA Crosswicks 6/25 Indian Mills 6/25 NEW JERSEY LIGHT TRAP COLLECTIONS Wooster 6/22-28 OHIO OREGON (Counties) Linn 6/21-27 Marion 6/21-27 PENNSYLVANIA (Districts Northwest 6/14-24 Southwest 6/14-24 TENNESSEE (Counties) 11 102 BL BL Fayette 6/25-29 11 Hardeman 6/25-29 83 89 25 BL BL Painter 6/20-26 Warsaw 6/20-26 VIRGINIA 434 47 32 af 2 BL BL Lancaster 6/20-26 Mazomanie 6/19-27 WISCONSIN WEATHER OF THE WEEK ENDING JULY 2 Reprinted from Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin supplied by Environmental Data Service, NOAA. HIGHLIGHTS: For the first time since early March, the entire length of the Mississippi River was back within its banks; mean- while from 2 inches to 5 inches of rain caused Severe flash flooding in New England. The Nation's western half was hot, with large areas 6 degrees of more above normal, and several records broken. The Nation's eastern half remained cooler than normal, except for New York, New England, New Jersey, and an area of Mississippi and bordering States. PRECIPITATION: A Low drifted slowly across Canada all week. Last Monday it was centered over Saskatchewan; by mid-Thursday . it had proceeded to upper Michigan; then it drifted north and was centered over Hudson Bay late Sunday. The cold front extending from the Low brought hail and tornadoes to the Corn Belt most of the week, and over the weekend dumped heavy rains on New England. Wilmington, Vermont, got nearly 5 inches of rain in 6 hours on Saturday. While Vermont had major flooding, minor floods flashed as far south as Philadelphia. Monday, the front triggered tornadoes and hail throughout Minnesota. Funnels harassed lakeside vacation areas near Brainerd. At International Falls, 1.5-inch hail fell, while golf ball-size hail struck Danbury. Early Tuesday severe weather invaded the eastern Corn Belt: Bands of thunder- storms erupted; 16 tornadoes struck five States bordering the Great Lakes in the afternoon. During one severe storm, airport wind instruments were destroyed at Detroit, Michigan, after recording 95 m.p.h. winds. Wednesday, thunderstorms continued in the eastern Corn Belt and to the east. Cities receiving 1.50 inches or more of rain on Tuesday and Wednesday included Cincinnati, Ohio, Evansville, Indiana, and Louisville and Lexington, Kentucky. Hopkinsville, Kentucky, got 2.01 inches in 6 hours on Wednesday. Thursday and Friday, the front brought bad weather to the East. Tornadoes struck Wilmington, Delaware, and Canton, Connecticut. Thursday, Wake Forest, North Carolina, got 6.05 inches of rain, Rocky Mount got 4.71 while the Raleigh-Durham area measured 4.25 inches. Friday and Saturday, the North got a soaking: Poughkeepsie, New York, 5.55 inches of rain Friday, while several locations in Vermont. and New Hampshire recorded rainfalls of 4 inches or more. New England rains continued into Saturday, and floods came. Rivers jumped banks at Rutland, Vermont, and Plymouth, New Hampshire, and 80 automobiles were almost covered with water at the Albany, New York, airport. Elsewhere, scattered storms struck the Nation: Four-inch hailstones struck the Odessa, Texas, area, Friday; in Butler County, Nebraska, 4 inches of quite small hail fell, drifting up to 5 feet in ditches and completely destroying crops in an area 3 miles wide and 8 miles long. California and the South- west received little or no rain. Lubbock, Texas, recorded its dryest June since 1934 (0.33 inches of rain) and its dryest May and June since 1911 (0.75 inches of rain). TEMPERATUE: In the West, most of Utah and Nevada, and parts of States bordering them baked in temperatures 6 degrees above the norm. Intense heat returned to some areas day after day, establishing records. A Thursday high of 114 degrees at Phoenix, Arizona, broke records back to 1932. Sunday temperatures at Denver (90 degrees) and Pueblo (103 degrees), Colorado, and at Scottsbluff, oye Nebraska, (101 degrees) broke all records. El Paso, Texas, recordey 108 degrees, the hottest since 1886 for the date. Furnace Creek, Death Valley, California, lived up to its name Thursday: The mercury registered 123 degrees in the afternoon, while soil temperature at 2.5 inches deep was 192 degrees. The lingering cold front kept most of the Nation's eastern half from 1 degree to 6 degrees below normal for the week. Ironically, New England, where the front caused floods, stayed from 3 degrees to 9 degrees above normal. The cold front didn't arrive till the weekend-- previously a High in the Atlantic pumped warm air into the area and even northern Maine had early and midweek highs in the high 70's and low 80's. Monday, the Saskatchewan Low's cold front pushed toward the Mississippi. Ahead of the front, Iowa and Nebraska temperatures hit the 80's and low 90's, while Kansas Sweated in high 90's and low 100's. By early Tuesday, cool air engulfed Iowa and Nebraska. The front moved very slowly through the eastern Corn Belt, which averaged from 3 degrees to 6 degrees subnormal for the week. Over the weekend, while this front met™ some warmer than normal air in New England, another large Low pressure system built up north of Montana, and its cold front extended through the Dakotas and Nebraska, into Colorado and Utah - 436 - U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HYATTSVILLE, MARYLAND 20782 POSTAGE AND FEES PAID OFFICIAL BUSINESS U.S. DEPARTMENT OF PENALTY FOR PRIVATE USE, $300 AGRICULTURE AGR 101 n004 SMINLISMIAL22 34037 COC] CMITHSONTAN INSTITUTION LIBR- ARTES SMITHSONIAN INST WASHINGTON DC 2056C C17: En. VOL. 23 NO. 28 JULY 13, 1973 ‘Cooperative Economic Insect Report Issued by PLANT PROTECTION AND QU/4RANTINE PROGRAMS ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE — PLANT PROTECTION AND QUARANTINE PROGRAMS PEST SURVEY AND TECHNICAL SUPPORT STAFF The Cooperative Economic Insect Report is issued weekly as a Service to American Agriculture. Its contents are compiled from information supplied by cooperating State, Federal, and industrial entomologists and other agricultural workers. In releasing this material the Service serves as a Clearing house and does not assume responsibility for ac- curacy of the material. All reports and inquiries pertaining to this release, including the mailing list, should be sent to: CEIR Pest Survey and Technical Support Staff Plant Protection and Quarantine Programs Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service United States Department of Agriculture Federal Center Building Hyattsville, Maryland 20782 Volume 23 July 13, 1973 Number 28 COOPERATIVE ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT HIGHLIGHTS Current Conditions POTATO LEAFHOPPER heavy and yellowed alfalfa in southern Indiana, flight heavy in southern Wisconsin; economic levels expected next 14 days in Maryland. TOBACCO BUDWORM larvae caused much loss to tobacco in southwest Kentucky. (p. 440). WESTERN CORN ROOTWORM larvae heavy in corn in northwest Missouri; caused significant root damage in northeast Kansas; much corn acreage treated in northern Utah. (p. 442). BOLLWORMS heavy and BOLL WEEVIL damaged square counts heavy in central Alabama. GREEN PEACH APHID outbreak on tobacco in Maryland expected to continue. (p. 444). PAINTED LADY larvae heavy on sunflower in southeastern North Dakota. (p. 445). Visible defoliation by DOUGLAS FIR TUSSOCK MOTH expected on about 400,000 acres in northeast Oregon. SPRUCE BUDWORM caused severe defoliation of balsam and spruce over gross area of 15,000 acres in northeast Wisconsin. LARGE ASPEN TORTRIX heavy on aspen over most of Upper Michigan. (p. 447). FACE FLY populations on livestock "exploded" in many areas of Ohio, continued heavy in northeast Mississippi. (p. 448). GRASSHOPPERS economic along Missouri River in northeast Nebraska, and in eastern Washington; threatening on forage and alfalfa seed crops in northern and west-central Utah. (p. 450). Detection An APHID reported for first time in Idaho. (p. 445). For new county records see page 451. Reports in this issue are for week ending July 6 unless otherwise indicated. - 437 - CONTENTS Special insectsmoh Rec lonia da Sionashac amc Cree crenel aie nel ieneneneneee nee 439 Insects Affecting Corn, Sorghum, Sugarcane....441 Miscellaneous Field Crops. .445 SmaylelyaGwaanSewewas +.» icone enelere -442 Potatoes, Tomatoes, Turf, Pastures, Rangeland...443 PE PPeLS sie Snel b eC vuekells eee 445 Forage Legumes........... ..-443 Deciduous Fruits and Nuts. .446 SOVDEANS sapiens ss ss ous e ena lee teste 444 Small Fruits..... Phat aries -446 CoG OMmancweie wens cn ets of enoler cher ener 444 Forest and Shade Trees.....447 ODAC CORR Mees) exclsceusue lone noncnens 6 444 Man and Animals............ 448 Benet icval MMSE C US joc. stators aie: cles wee eliet'e oe nerte tohelette tell storie Rene enn 449 Federal and State Plant Protection Programs.............. o ov e449 Devee tion aan: eae eICe OIRO CIID oriord © GION 2 Gi0:8.6.0 6 010-006 C 451 (Glob a(eX el mA LONNIS) 6, Gl AERP IONCODROIORD DiOlGId Gol Okcrcetlc o10.10.0 GrOlo cee oa aU or0 60 COCO OO 451 Hawaii. Inseet Report. soe ok wile cs Sie ciel ibe ce ene ee: Ole eoale cone reviclis aeme nen ena 452 Light “TrapmCol lec tions 275% fo 6's 's sete esis) slietsid sie soo ei ele t cielo n te een meas 453 Weather’ of Tithe Week) iis er wie Sf oretere «cole cape atin le tiertoltouetelnctio tel chant atime metrame 455 - 438 - SPECIAL INSECTS OF REGIONAL SIGNIFICANCE BEET LEAFHOPPER (Circulifer tenellus) - COLORADO - Increased to 0.5 per 2 square feet in Mesa County sugar beets; ranged 0.2-2.2 per square foot in Delta and Montrose County fields. (Bulla). ARMYWORM (Pseudaletia unipuncta) - MINNESOTA - Young larvae very light on corn. Less than one percent infestation noted on corn at Rosemount. Larvae ranged 1-2 per 100 plants in 2 Anoka County fields. Ranged 10-50 per 100 sweeps in one Olmsted County grassy alfalfa field. Light trap catches decreased, averaged closer to earlier counts. Little damage expected in grain. (Minn. Pest Rpt.). MICHIGAN - Young larvae detected feeding on quackgrass in Bain- bridge Township, Berrien County, apple orchard by J. Tatter July 3. Larvae migrated to neighboring orchard July 5, fed only on quackgrass. (Musgrove, Belter). This is first infestation of year. Growers Should watch for additional infestations. (Sauer, Ruppel). KENTUCKY - Caused light damage to corn in Ballard County. (Barnett, Raney). . CORN EARWORM (Heliothis zea) -— ARIZONA - Required treatment in some field corn at Gila Valley, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). TEXAS — Moderate in whorls of grain sorghum in Baylor County. Ranged 1-2 in about 50 percent of plants in most infested parts of fields. Also observed on grain sorghum in Milam and Brazos Counties. (Boring, Cole). OKLAHOMA - Moderate to heavy in sweet corn in Marshall County. Light in tassels of sweet corn in Mayes County home gardens. Moderate in peanuts in Caddo and Washita Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). CORN LEAF APHID (Rhopalosiphum maidis) - TEXAS - Heavy, attacked whorls of sorghum plants in Knox, Jones, and Baylor Counties. Infestations increased in both South and High Plains areas. Infestations noneconomic. (Boring et al.). ARKANSAS - Light to medium in all sorghum surveyed in northeast area. Lady beetles moderate in all fields surveyed. (Boyer). OKLAHOMA - Ranged 10-100 per sorghum plant in Osage County; averaged 300 per plant in 12 to 14-inch sorghum in Texas County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). KANSAS - Much lighter than usual for time of growing season on sorghum in southwest district. Some found in whorls in many fields; in other fields, generally with no more than 10 percent of whorls infested. Isolated heavy infestation reported in one Stevens County field. Averaged about 1,000 per whorl and some flagleaves showed typical reddish color associated with very heavy whorl infestations. (Bell). NEBRASKA - R. maidis continued to increase on Clay County sorghum. Ranged 0-5,000 per 40 plants in 176 fields sampled. Averaged 17.7 per plant. (Gary et al.). WISCONSIN - Colonies developing slowly in western Dane County sweet corn. Small colonies on corn in Taylor and Bayfield Counties. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). ILLINOIS - Very light in corn tassels in Pike, Adams, and Mason Counties; averaged about one per tassel. (I11. Ins. Rpt.). GREENBUG (Schizaphis graminum) - TEXAS - Decreased in grain sorghum in Uvalde area. Decrease due to presence of beneficial insects. Also decreased in most counties in Blacklands and Stephenville areas. Colonies light (25-300 individuals) on lower sides of leaves in Jones and Knox Counties. Infestations noted throughout most counties in South and High Plains. Ranged up to - 439 - 500 per sorghum plant in Hale County. Ranged 30-35 per plant in fields of seedling grain sorghum; treatments for Schizaphis graminum required. Beneficial species increased in all reporting areas. Light activity reported in Pecos and Reeves Counties, moderate in isolated Glasscock County fields. (Stewart et al.). ARKANSAS - Very light in 2 of 16 sorghum fields surveyed in Clay and Randolph Counties. Special attention being given to this pest in these counties as only economic infestations experienced in State occurred there in mid-July 1972. Heavy infestations followed period of dry weather. About 2,000 acres treated in 1972. (Boyer). KANSAS - S. graminum generally light on sorghum throughout most of State. Increased in some fields in Stevens and Haskell Counties. Plants sustained little damage due to fast growth. Average height now 12-15 inches. (Bell). NEBRASKA - Populations generally remained stationary or increased slightly in infested areas. Ranged 0-735 per 40 plants, averaged 4.3 per plant, in Clay County. Strong winds and heavy rains common across State. (Gary et ali.) ‘ POTATO LEAFHOPPER (Empoasca fabae) - MARYLAND - First nymphs and adults of season infested alfalfa and snap beans, ranged 1-4 per 20 sweeps in Kent, Queen Annes, and Prince Georges Counties. No yellowing of alfalfa to date but economic levels expected next 14 days. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). OHIO - Heaviest adult counts per sweep to date 5 on red clover in Vinton County, 7.3 on alfalfa in Butler County. (Fox). INDIANA —- Adults and nymphs heavy and yellowed alfalfa, especially on lighter soils in Daviess and Jackson Counties, and alfalfa near harvest or past harvest stage. Populations increased on regrowth alfalfa. (Huber). Nymphs less common on soybeans in northern districts, but averaged one per leaf in occasional fields. (Meyer). ILLINOIS - Averaged 4 per sweep in Pike County. (111. Ins. Rpt.). WISCONSIN - E. fabae ranged 3-5 per 10 sweeps in most regrowth alfalfa. Blacklight trap catches at Mazomanie indicate heavy flight, probably due to hay cutting. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MISSOURI - Light to moderate in some alfalfa fields in south-central area. Ranged 12-60 per sweep. (Munson). CALIFORNIA - Adults averaged 3 per sweep in sugar beets at Greenfield, Monterey County. (Cal. Coop, Rpt). SPOTTED ALFALFA APHID (Therioaphis maculata) - WISCONSIN - Encountered more frequently in southern area alfalfa than previous weeks. Ranged up to 5 per sweep. Ratio of winged forms to wingless forms fairly high indicating movement from older fields to regrowth altaltase(Wis., | Inshs sum.) TOBACCO BUDWORM (Heliothis virescens) - KENTUCKY - Larvae averaged less than one per 100 tobacco plants in Washington and Boyle Counties. First and second-instar larvae averaged one per plant in Marshall County; caused much loss. (Barnett, Raney). TOBACCO HORNWORM (Manduca sexta) - MICHIGAN - First adults of season taken at Oceana County blacklight station June 28-30. (Sauer). - 440 - CORN, SORGHUM, SUGARCANE EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) - MISSOURI - Light to moderate in early planted corn in south-central and central areas. Plants with fresh feeding injury ranged 3-29 percent. Larvae mostly third and fourth instar, fed inside stalk. First pupation observed in south-central area. (Munson). IOWA - Egg laying completed June 25. Larvae mostly in third and fourth instars; some fifth instars present. Infestation generally light throughout State. (Stockdale). MINNESOTA - Emergence ranged 80 percent “(southwest district) to 100 percent (southeast, south-central, and central districts) complete. Egg masses and larvae usually very light. Total of 5 egg masses noted in 24 southwest district fields. Shotholing readily evident in only two fields. Larvae ranged first through third instar. Heavy rains caused about 100 percent mortality of borers (first and second instar) in one field. In southeast district, no egg masses found and 16 percent larval infestation. Larvae averaged 25 per 100 plants. First instar 16 percent, 72 percent second instar, and 12 percent third instar. Egg masses 2.25 per 100 plants in west-central district with shotholing evident in very few fields. Larvae, first and second instar, infested sorghum plants in Eden Prairie experimental plots. (Minn. Pest Rpt.). WISCONSIN - O. nubilalis adult catches in blacklight traps decreased drastically. Small larvae fed on average of about 5 percent of corn plants statewide, but much variation in feeding in different fields. Plants showing feeding ranged O-40 percent. Some treatment of sweet corn made. Larvae in Second and third instars in more advanced areas, first instars dominant in central counties. Weather about ideal for borer development past 14 days. If current weather pattern continues, rapid larval development and heavy, somewhat early, moth flight could occur. Situation warrants close attention next 14-21 days, but much dependent on weather. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). ILLINOIS - First-generation larval infestations averaged 50 percent in selected fields of early corn in Pike County, with one larva per infested plant. Infestation 100 percent in one field with 2.5 larvae per plant. Corn in pretassel to occasional tassel stage. (Ill. Ins. Rpt.). P INDIANA - Some pupation of O. nubilalis observed in southern districts. (Huber). Late-instar larvae noted in corn in northern districts where several instars common. (Meyer). MICHIGAN - Damaged field corn in St. Joseph and Branch Counties. (Henningson). Damaged oat fields in Lenawee County. (Allen). Significant damage in oats very unusual. (Ruppel). OHIO - First-generation larvae damaged up to 50 percent of corn in northeastern and east-central counties and in Henry and Fulton Counties (northwest). Populations much lighter in southern half of State, damage ranged up to 35 percent of plants examined. Percent damage by county: Jackson 20-35, Pickaway 10, Madison 5-10, Warren 5, and Pike and Clinton zero. (Fox). KENTUCKY - Larvae ranged 1-2 per plant in 7.6 per- cent of corn in Fayette County; infested 10 percent of corn in Woodford County. Averaged less than one per 100 plants in Boyle County, 13 percent of corn in Washington County. Infested 90 per- cent of corn at one location in Garrard County. Pest in late instars or pupal stage; adult emergence expected from mid to late July. (Barnett). - 441 - MARYLAND — Second generation of Ostrinia nubilalis active in Somerset, Worcester, and Wicomico Counties. Egg laying and second- generation larval activity should peak within next 14 days on lower Eastern Shore. Damaged corn (silk stage) on lower shore ranged 2-10 percent (old damage). Most first-generation borers pupated in Kent, Queen Annes, Talbot, and Prince Georges Counties. Corn in Harford, Baltimore, and Cecil Counties sustained heavier first-brood damage; infestations ranged 20-100 percent. Pupation just began in these counties. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). DELAWARE - Adults in blacklight traps averaged less than one per night in most areas. (Burbutis, Davis). CORN ROOTWORMS (Diabrotica spp.) - IOWA - Damaged corn in Shelby County. Field was in popcorn in 1972 and no soil treatments applied at planting time. Some lodging occurred. Late second- instar larvae found in untreated portion of research plot in Webster County. (Stockdale). MISSOURI - Heavy larval infestation of D. virgifera (western corn rootworm) reported from northwest area. First adults observed in central area. Adults not yet emerged in northwest area. (Munson). NEBRASKA - Diabrotica spp. damaged fields in most corn-growing areas of State. Ranged 0-30 per plant (averaged 1.4) in 257 fields surveyed in Clay County. (Gary et al.). KANSAS - D. virgifera adults began to emerge in corn (4-5 feet tall) in Finney County. Most larval stages and pupae found in root zone. Reports of significant root damage noted in some fields in northeast district even where controls applied. Heavy rains earlier in season and its action on insecti- cides may have been partially responsible for poor control. (Bell). UTAH = Much corn acreage treated for D. virgifera in Davis and other infested northern counties. (Knowlton et al.). DUSKY SAP BEETLE (Carpophilus lugubris) - MARYLAND - Adults in 50 percent of 15,000 sweet corn acres on Eastern Shore. Heaviest infestations averaged 20 percent. Egg infested silks ranged 2-5 percent. Adult activity considered above 1972 levels for this period. Growers of sweet corn for processing need controls each year. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). CORN FLEA BEETLE (Chaetocnema pulicaria) - DELAWARE - Adults very common on sweet corn, averaged 4-5 per plant, in one Sussex County area. (Burbutis, Davis). KENTUCKY - Continued to damage late corn in northern areas. (Barnett). SORGHUM MIDGE (Contarinia sorghicola) - TEXAS - Increased rapidly in south-central area sorghum. Controls applied as far north as Brazos County. Grain sorghum in Uvalde area generally past stage susceptible to damage except for late-planted fields. Light infestations noted in field in Jones County. Very light in north- central counties. (Stewart et al.). SMALL GRAINS ENGLISH GRAIN APHID (Macrosiphum avenae) - NEVADA - Ranged 20-100 per head on 640 acres of wheat at Dutch Flat, Humboldt County. (Rowe). WISCONSIN — Continued light in oats. Ranged 3-4 per sweep in southern and central counties, 5-7 per sweep in Bayfield County. Syrphid fly larvae and puparia and lady beetle larvae and adults numerous in fields. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). SAY STINK BUG (Chlorochroa sayi) - UTAH - Heavy populations moved into grain fields in Washington County, in Nephi area of Juab County, and in Iron County; caused concern to growers. (Jones et aul). - 442 - TURF, PASTURES, RANGELAND BLUEGRASS BILLBUG (Sphenophorus parvulus) - NEBRASKA - Damaged lawns in Douglas and Lancaster Counties. One Douglas County area averaged 30 larvae, one adult, and 5 eggs per square foot of sod. (Kindler). BANKS GRASS MITE (Oligonychus pratensis) - OKLAHOMA - Heavy in Custer County Bermudagrass lawns. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). FORAGE LEGUMES ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - NEW MEXICO - Larvae 0-2 and adults 0-4 per 25 sweeps in alfalfa in Bernalillo County. (N.M. Coop. Rpt.). UTAH - Deterred second-growth alfalfa where infesta- tions heavy and no controls applied at scattered localities in several counties. (Knowlton). WISCONSIN - Currently of little significance in alfalfa. Some larval activity noted, adults frequently encountered, but populations light enough that damage should remain minimal. Larvae averaged about 4 and adults about one per 10 sweeps. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MICHIGAN - New adults fed heavily on alfalfa and retarded regrowth in some Cass County fields. (Sackrider). Found in damaging numbers in one field on Garden Peninsula in Delta County in late June. Several larval instars present; most plants showed damage June 29. (Pelligrini, Ruppel). NEW YORK - Collected 40 larvae and 11 adults in road cut seeded to alfalfa and other legumes at Indian Lake, Hamilton County, June 26, 1973. Damage evident but not important. This is a new county record. H. postica now known to occur in all counties except those urban New York City counties where no hosts present. (Gyrisco, Van Driesche). PEA APHID (Acyrthosiphon pisum) - WASHINGTON - Heaviest outbreaks of this species and Macrosiphum creelii (a grain aphid) in past 5 years (up to 1,000 per sweep) noted in eastern alfalfa seed areas. Pink strains of M. creelii tolerant to controls comprised 25-50 percent of populations with standard bloom treatments; increased to 75-85 percent where certain systemic applications made. (Johansen, Mayer). NEVADA - A. pisum 100 per sweep in several alfalfa hay fields at Fallon, Churchill County. (Lauder- dale). MINNESOTA - Increased substantially compared to previous counts, but still below economic levels. Ranged 30-3,000 per 100 Sweeps, averaged near 500. (Minn. Pest Rpt.). ALFALFA LOOPER (Autographa californica) - MONTANA - Infested about 2,000 acres of alfalfa south of Three Forks, Gallatin County. Also reported near Dillon in Beaverhead County, 200 acres infested. First crop cut. (Pratt). IDAHO - Larvae still problem on forage legumes in Minidoka and Twin Falls Counties June 28. (Smith, Youtz). REDLEGGED GRASSHOPPER (Melanoplus femurrubrum) - WISCONSIN - Continued to increase in regrowth alfalfa. First-instar nymphs more noticeable; indicates hatch probably not yet peaked. Counts ranged 3-4 per 10 sweeps in southern and southwestern areas. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). ALFALFA LEAF BLOTCH-MINER (Agromyza frontella) -—- NEW YORK - Collected from roadside alfalfa in Hamilton and Herkimer Counties June 26, 1973. Larvae mostly pupated and left mines. Evidence in mines indicated high rates of parasitism. Also reported from St. Lawrence County. These are new county records. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt., fully 2D) c ee SOYBEANS PAINTED LADY (Cynthia cardui) - MINNESOTA - Reported on soybeans from east-central district. Although infestations appeared heavy in some fields, actual number of feeding larvae light. In one field, about 25 percent of plants showed webbing and feeding signs; only 2-3 larvae found (average). Usually less than half of leaf consumed. Light infestations, mainly on tips of leaves, reported in isolated sunflower fields in Red River Valley. Little damage expected due to large size of plants. (Minn. Pest Rpt.). WISCONSIN - Larvae fed on soybeans in Pierce, Trempealeau, Eau Claire, and Adams Counties. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). YELLOWSTRIPED ARMYWORM (Spodoptera ornithogalli) - MISSOURI -—- Light to moderate feeding on Soybeans reported in southeast area. (Jones). COTTON BOLLWORMS (Heliothis spp.) - ALABAMA - Eggs and larvae very heavy in Tuscaloosa and Autauga Counties past 7-14 days. Many fields with 50-100 larvae per 100 stalks; beneficial insects kept these under control in 2 fields of 350-400 acres in Chilton and Autauga Counties where larvae heavy and damaging. (Hays et al.). MISSISSIPPI - Egg counts ranged 0-12 percent in Noxubee County and 3 percent in Calhoun and Lafayette Counties. (Robinson). ARKANSAS - Moths generally declined on sugar lines this period compared to last period. (Boyer). BOLL WEEVIL (Anthonomus grandis) -—- ALABAMA - Adults of first field generation emerged in all older cotton in Tuscaloosa, Autauga, and Marengo Counties. Square counts as result of overwintered weevils and first-generation weevils ranged 7-60 percent; 17-40 percent in most fields. Counts in all 150-acre fields of older cotton at one location in Montgomery County ranged 44-59 percent June 26. Next weevil "hatchout" throughout southern and central areas will occur July 12-18. Square infestations ranged 18-25 percent in 2 older Colbert County fields June 29. (Pitts et al.)-. MISSISSIPPI - Egg punctured squares ranged 0-15 percent in Rankin County. (Barber). Leggett trap catches in Grenada, Yalobusha, and Webster Counties light, indicating emergence of overwintered weevils about complete. (Robinson). COTTON FLEAHOPPER (Pseudatomoscelis seriatus) - OKLAHOMA - Ranged 5-10 per 100 terminals in cotton in Washita, Caddo, Custer, and Beckham Counties. Ranged 1-2 per 100 terminals in Wagoner County, 2-3 per 100 terminals in Muskogee County, and 1-6 per 100 termi- nals in Bryan County. Ranged 2-56 per 100 terminals in southwest counties with heaviest counts in Jackson County. (Okla. Coop. Suaepie TOBACCO GREEN PEACH APHID (Myzus persicae) - MARYLAND - Populations well above normal on tobacco. Southern area infestations ranged 20-100 percent with 1,500 acres in 80 to 100-percent range. All larval stages present. Control difficult in Calvert, Charles, and St. Marys Counties. Several hundred acres in these counties treated without success 2-3 times with different materials. Bacillus thuringiensis appears to give best control. Outbreak expected to continue for 2 or more weeks. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). - 444 - —— REDLEGGED GRASSHOPPER (Melanoplus femurrubrum) - WISCONSIN - Extensive feeding in tobacco seed bed in southern Dane County necessitated treatment. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MISCELLANEOUS FIELD CROPS PAINTED LADY (Cynthia cardui) - NORTH DAKOTA - Larval infestations on sunflowers ranged up to 88 percent of plants infested. Larvae ranged up to 176 per 100 plants in Cass, Richland, Traill, and La Moure Counties. Adults still active in sunflower fields. Some larvae pupated. About 30 percent of fields treated. (Brandvik). MONTANA —- Larvae became pest although no crops or ornamentals, except sunflower and hollyhock, reported as hosts. Larvae crawled up sides of houses and entered where possible. (Pratt). : AN APHID (Ovatus crataegarius*) - IDAHO - Reared from mint root sample taken March 22, 1973, at Payette, Payette County, by A. M. Finley. Determined by L. M. Russell. This is a new State record. (Portman). Formerly Phorodon menthae (Buckton). (PPQ). POTATOES, TOMATOES, PEPPERS POTATO FLEA BEETLE (Epitrix cucumeris) - OHIO - This species and E. fuscula (eggplant flea beetle) ranged up to 29 per potato plant in Washington County; severe riddling of leaves evident. Adults ranged 4-9 per plant in Vinton County, damage lighter. (Fox). COLORADO POTATO BEETLE (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) - MAINE - All stages heavy in small central area potato fields week ending June 29. Species still found in more fields than in 1972. (Gall). CONNECTICUT - Adults and larvae active on potato, eggplant, and tomato. (Savos). * Doncaster, J.P. 1961. Francis Walker's Aphids. British Museum (Natural History). March. - 445 - DECIDUOUS FRUITS AND NUTS PEACHTREE BORER (Sanninoidea exitiosa) - OHIO - Adult males captured June 19 at Wooster, Wayne County, and July 2 in Lake County; represents unusually early flight record for State. Species usually emerges in late July and August. (Nielsen, Purrington). FALL WEBWORM (Hyphantria cunea) - ALABAMA - First-generation larvae light throughout State; most full grown, some pupated. Second generation Should appear next 15-30 days and become more of problem in pecan and shade trees. (McQueen). TEXAS - Moderate to heavy on pecan trees throughout most counties in Uvalde County area. Also moderate to heavy on McLennan County pecan trees. Light infest- ations appeared on pecan trees in Baylor, Wilbarger, and Wichita Counties, while light activity (1-3 small webs per tree) noted in isolated areas of Martin, Crockett, Ector, and Ward Counties. (Stewart et al.). OKLAHOMA - Moderate to heavy on pecan and persimmon trees in many areas of State. Damage to hickorys reported from Mayes County and to walnut, apple, and peach trees from Major County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). ARKANSAS - Infestations heavy, especially on persimmon in Conway and Pope County areas. (Boyer). REDHUMPED CATERPILLAR (Schizura concinna) - CALIFORNIA - Caused severe damage to walnut orchards in Stanislaus County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.) SADDLED PROMINENT (Hetereocampa guttivitta) - WEST VIRGINIA - Larvae caused light damage to one Roane County black walnut tree. Collected and determined by J.M. Atkins. This is a new county record. (Hacker). HICKORY SHUCKWORM (Laspeyresia caryana) - TENNESSEE - Immatures infested hickory nut crop in central area. Heavy in some locations; 20-30 percent of nut crop infested. (Gordon, Bruer). PECAN NUT CASEBEARER (Acrobasis caryae) - OKLAHOMA - First-gener- ation infestations, up to 80 percent, found in Payne County pecan orchards. Infestations averaged 15 percent in Osage County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). PECAN SPITTLEBUG (Clastoptera achatina) - MISSISSIPPI - Very heavy in 70-acre pecan orchard in Lowndes County, 92 masses counted on 117 terminals. Controls applied. (Neel). SMALL FRUITS GRAPE LEAFFOLDER (Desmia funeralis) - CALIFORNIA - Required controls in valley grape-growing areas. Occurrence of this pest has increased in State past few years. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). CRANBERRY FRUITWORM (Acrobasis vaccinii) - NEW HAMPSHIRE - Larvae damaged blueberries at Rochester, Strafford County. (Mason, Keating). - 446 - FOREST AND SHADE TREES DOUGLAS FIR TUSSOCK MOTH (Hemerocampa pseudotsugata) - NEW MEXICO - All immature stages active on spruce (Picea sp.). Caused moderate damage near Ruidoso, Lincoln County. (N.M. Coop. Rpt.). OREGON - Test spraying in northeast area completed. Post treatment evalu- ations generally pessimistic, all single applications failed to give adequate control due to high larval counts. Prespray counts ranged 300-400 larvae per 1,000 square inches. Fourth instar dominant, almost totally removed 1973 foliage, beginning to feed on older needles. Visible defoliation expected on about 400,000 acres. Little biological control (polyhedrosis virus) expected in near future. (Larson). SPRUCE BUDWORM (Choristoneura fumiferana) - MICHIGAN - Pest in pupal stage, damage very heavy in northern Marquette County. (Sauer). WISCONSIN - About 80 percent adults and 20 percent pupae in Oneida and Forest Counties July 3. Defoliation Severe on balsam and spruce over gross area of 15,000 acres; net area of defoliation about 10,000 acres. Infestation farther west than in previous years. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). NANTUCKET PINE TIP MOTH (Rhyacionia frustrana) - ARKANSAS - Second-generation infestations heavier than normal; damaged pines, especially in Camden area of Ouachita County. (Boyer). A BURROWING STINK BUG (Pangaeus bilineatus) - FLORIDA - Adults on germinated and ungerminated Seeds of sand pine (Pinus clausa) in nursery bed at experimental forest near Marianna, Jackson County. Determined by R.I. Sailer. (Fla. Coop. Sur.). LARGE ASPEN TORTRIX (Choristoneura conflictana) - MICHIGAN - Heavy over most of Upper Peninsula. Damage ranged moderate to Severe, Heaviest populations occurred in southwest Marquette, Dickinson, and eastern Iron Counties. Development complete, egg stage present. (Sauer). NEW HAMPSHIRE - Defoliated roadside aspen trees in Coos County last week of June. (Bowman, Leadbetter). A NOTODONTID MOTH (Dasylophia angerina) - WEST VIRGINIA - Larvae caused 80-90 percent defoliation of 60 black locust trees at Millstone, Calhoun County. Damaged (light) one tree at Peniel, Roane County. Collected by J.M. Atkins and J.D. Hacker. Determined by J.D. Hacker. These are new county records. (Hacker). ASPEN BLOTCHMINER (Lithocolletis tremuloidiella) - MICHIGAN - Larvae about half grown; blotched mines still small. Populations seem heavy again this year. (Sauer). LOCUST LEAFMINER (Xenochalepus dorsalis) - WEST VIRGINIA - Larval infestation 100 percent on 100 acres of black locust in Harman area, Randolf County. (Miller). Infested 20 acres (90-100 percent) of black locust in Jackson County. (Hacker). Light on 4 trees in Roane County June 29. (Atkins). TENNESSEE - Damaged locust foliage in all sections of State. Damage first observed this period; localized and heavy. (Hammett et al.). ASIATIC OAK WEEVIL (Cyrtepistomus castaneus) - KENTUCKY - Collected in Washington County July 5, 1973, and determined by D. Barnett. Confirmed by R. Scheibner. This is a new county record. (Barnett). - 447 - BIRCH LEAFMINER (Fenusa pusilla) - MICHIGAN - Damage heavier than past years in western Upper Peninsula and found in all birch- growing areas. First-generation development complete; second-gen- eration eggs should hatch next 14 days. (Sauer). MAN AND ANIMALS SCREWWORM (Cochliomyia hominivorax) - Total of 316 confirmed cases reported in continental U.S. during period June 24-30 as follows: Texas 47, New Mexico 35, Arizona 228, California 6. Total of 572 cases confirmed from Mexico. Number of sterile flies released in U.S. during this period totaled 125,508,800 as follows: Texas 82,482,000; New Mexico 8,915,000; Arizona 32,581,800; California 1,530,000. Total of 58,473,000 sterile flies released in Mexico. (Anim, Health). FACE FLY (Musca autumnalis) - MISSISSIPPI - Adults still heavy in Monroe, Lee, and Chickasaw Counties. Averaged 30 per face in two herds in Chickasaw County; up to 100 on some faces. (Robinson). KENTUCKY - Averaged 3.8 per head on Holstein dairy cows in Fayette County, 6.7 per head on mixed breeds in Woodford County. Averaged 9.5 per head on Herefords and mixed breeds in Washington County, less than one per head on Hereford cattle in Garrard County. (Barnett). OHIO - Populations "exploded" in many areas of State f past 7-10 days. Heaviest counts observed on beef and dairy cattle in southern area. Counts per face by county: Jackson 35+, Highland 30+, Pike 40+. (Fox). Counts lighter in northeastern area (Wayne County); averaged about 11 per face on untreated livestock. (Heller). INDIANA - Pinkeye in cattle reported in Porter and Lawrence Counties. Populations of this livestock pest caused complaints from herd owners in both instances. (Sanders). ILLINOIS - Averaged 15 per animal on one untreated Adams County beef herd. (Ill. Ins. Rpt.). OKLAHOMA - Adults taken from cattle in Wann area, Nowata County. This is a new county record. (Okla. Coop. Sure) HORN FLY (Haematobia irritans) - MISSISSIPPI - Averaged 200+ per cow in Monroe, Calhoun, and Lafayette Counties. (Robinson). TENNESSEE - Counts per head by county: Henderson 50-200 (beef cattle); Henry 50-200 (beef cattle) and 0-5 (dairy cattle); Obion County 200+. (Stafford, Turpen). ILLINOIS - Averaged 120 per untreated animal on Adams County beef herd. (111. Ins. Rpt.). OKLAHOMA - Ranged 300-375 per head on cattle in Payne County and 300-500 per head in Marshall County. Moderate to heavy in Osage, Pawnee, Nowata, Mayes, Wagoner, and Comanche Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). TEXAS - Heavy in Bell and Hill Counties; decreased in other counties in Stephenville area. Heavy where controls not applied in Archer and Baylor Counties. Light to moderate activity reported in Upton, Martin, Crockett, Pecos, El Paso, and Winkler Counties. Heavier populations noted in Ector County. (Green). MOSQUITOES - OHIO - Bite collection over 5-hour period in Richland County indicated Aedes vexans and A. canadensis major species present. (Ohio Dept. Health). ARKANSAS - Light trap counts in Lonoke County averaged about 40 Psorophora confinnis per night. Anopheles quadrimaculatus averaged about 10 per trap per night. (Boyer). WISCONSIN - Very heavy mosquito populations persist in few central and northern county localities, but in most areas biting moderate or light and declining. Expected todecline next - 448 - 14-21 days due to current dry, hot weather. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MINNESOTA - Coquillettidia perturbans accounted for 50+ percent of evening bite collections made by Metropolitan Mosquito Control District week ending June 30. Comprised about 20 percent of day- time bite collections. Aedes vexans comprised 33 percent of daytime bite collections, A. stimulans 18 percent, and A. excrucians 10 percent. A. vexans dominated light trap collections with 53 percent of total; C. perturbans represented 35 percent. Rain on July 1 produced hatch, no significant adult emergence expected as breeding Sites dried before emergence occurred. (Minn. Pest Rpt.). UTAH - Mostly Aedes spp. very heavy and troublesome in Woodruff, Randolph, and Allen Canyon areas and moderate to severe in Laketown, Lakota, and Camp Hunt areas of Rich County. Annoying on farms and about communities throughout Cache County. (Roberts, Knowlton). STABLE FLY (Stomoxys calcitrans) - ILLINOIS - Averaged 17 per untreated beef animal on one Adams County herd. (I11. Ins. Rpt.). OKLAHOMA - Averaged 2 per head on untreated dairy cattle in Payne County (Okla. -Coop., Sur.).. DEER FLIES —- WISCONSIN - Continued very numerous and bothersome to man and animals throughout State wherever habitat appropriate. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). INDIANA - One specimen of Chrysops geminatus impunctus collected in Warren County July 4, 1973, by R.M. Meyer. Determined by D.P. Sanders. This is a new county record. Species collected only twice previously in State by J.J. Burton; 2 specimens collected August 1, 1963, in Miami County and single Specimen taken June 24, 1963, in Union County. (Meyer). BROWN RECLUSE SPIDER (Loxosceles reclusa) - TEXAS - Infestations found in homes in Wilbarger, Foard, and Hale Counties. At least 3 persons bitten during past week in Hale County. (Boring, Latham). BENEFICIAL INSECTS PAINTED LADY (Cynthia cardui) - UTAH - Larvae damaged susceptible Species of thistle throughout State, reduced bloom and seeding. (Knowlton). LADY BEETLES - KANSAS - Adults averaged up to 2 per plant on greenbug infested (light) sorghum in southwest district. In some more heavily infested fields in Stevens and Haskell Counties, lady beetle adults ranged 0.1-0.2 per plant. (Bell). A FLOWER BUG (Orius insidiosus) - MARYLAND - Very active in Eastern Shore sweet corn fields. Ranged 20-30 per 100 plants in most fields. Heaviest infestation 87 percent. Species good egg and small larval control agent. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). FEDERAL AND STATE PLANT PROTECTION PROGRAMS CEREAL LEAF BEETLE (Oulema melanopus) - PENNSYLVANIA - Leaf damage to oats averaged 10 percent in 200-stem sample in Butler County, averaged 25 percent on oats in 100-stem sample in Lawrence County. (Lilley, July 29, 30). MICHIGAN - Adults averaged 20 per sweep on roadside grasses by commercial wheat field near Galien, Berrien County. Some damage noted on sweet and field corn, Heaviest in area Since 1969, (Webster). MINNESOTA - Survey completed. No larvae or adults noted in reporting districts. (Minn. Pest Rpt.). = 449 - GRASS BUGS - UTAH - Labops utahensis discolored planted grasses in Franklin Basin area of Cache County. L. utahensis and Irbisia sp. light on other grasses in area. (Knowlton). Labops sp. ranged 50-100 per sweep on grasses in Strawberry Valley, Summit County, June 28 and L. hesperius averaged 25 per sweep on Taylor Mountain in Uintah County. qiaws) . GRASSHOPPERS - NEBRASKA - Ageneotettix deorum, Aulocara elliotti, ' Trachyrhachys kiowa, Phoetaliotes nebrascensis, Melanoplus ; : bivittatus, M. sanguinipes, and M. differentialis economic from Decatur to Gavins Point Dam along Missouri River. Population often 50+ per Square yard in pastures and idle acres. Development varied, second instars to adults found in same fields. Treatments have begun. (Bell, Koinzan). NEW MEXICO - Various species ranged 15-28 per 25 sweeps on alfalfa in Alameda, Bernalillo County. Caused moderate defoliation. (N.M. Coop. Rpt.). ARIZONA - Trimerotropis pallidipennis numerous in all areas of State, especially in well- lit shopping centers and parking areas. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). UTAH - Grasshopper eggs hatched and nymphs threatening forage and alfalfa crops in several areas of Millard County and in Snowville area of Box Elder County. (Chapman et al.). Heavy outbreaks developed in foothill and farm areas about Davis County; mostly third instar nymphs. Heavy on range and in vacant lots about Logan, Cache County. (Stokes, Knowlton). OREGON - Several hatching beds of Camnula pellucida noted in Logan Valley of Grant County; largest covered up to 2,500 square feet. Band of nymphs 6-8 feet wide and about 1.5 miles long, up to 60 per Square yard, noted on Bureau of Land Management property. (Brown). No cooperative treatments planned; ranchers expected to treat local hot spots with ground equipment. (Penrose). WASHINGTON - Cooperative control program completed on more than 1,000,000 acres of rangeland and cropland in eastern part of State. Control very satisfactory except where heavy foliage in cropland reduced kill. Outbreak numbers still occur in many untreated areas. About 500,000 acres of economically infested rangeland known in areas of Douglas, Grant, Okanogan, Ferry, and Lincoln Counties. Nymphs maturing rapidly with about 20 percent adults in Grant and Douglas Counties. (PPQ). * GYPSY MOTH (Porthetria dispar) - PENNSYLVANIA - Virus disease in larvae very evident along Blue Ridge from Port Clinton to U.S. Interstate 81 in Berks and Schuylkill Counties as far west as State Route 183 and as far as Interstate 81. Population collapse likely at least as far west as State Route 183. (Quimby, June 27). Heavy populations developed along Delaware River in Wayne County, some defoliation observed. (Jackowski). In Centre and Union Counties, 20,000-30,000 acres over area 12 miles long and 4 miles wide being defoliated between State Routes 45 and 192. (Summer). Following parasites reared and released by State Forest personnel in June at infestations in eastern part of State: 4,775 Apanteles melanoscelus (a braconid wasp), 250 Exorista larvarum and 100 Palexorista sp. (tachina flies), 2,650 Pimpla turionella (an ichneumon wasp), and 5,674 Brachymeria intermedia (a chalcid wasp). (Fusco). JAPANESE BEETLE (Popillia japonica) - MASSACHUSETTS - Adults appeared in Hampshire and Hampden Counties. (Jensen). CONNECTICUT - First adults observed June 28. Heavy populations reported on various ~ = 45005 host plants. Could be very troublesome this season. (Savos). NEW JERSEY - Adults common on ornamental plants over much of State. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). PENNSYLVANIA - Adults active and heavy on various hosts in Harrisburg area, Dauphin County, June 30 and July 1. (Simons, Fusco). MARYLAND - Adults still troublesome to suburban homeowners in Baltimore, Prince Georges, Anne Arundel, and Montgomery Counties. Many ornamentals heavily defoliated; damage local. Statewide populations light to moderate. Infestations on sweet corn on lower Eastern Shore ranged 10-20 percent. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). OHIO -— Adult emergence peaked throughout most of State. (Lawrence). PINK BOLLWORM (Pectinophora gossypiella) - ARIZONA - Larvae found in cotton squares at Safford, Graham County. Treatments for this pest and Heliothis zea (bollworm) reported in some cotton in Yuma County... /(Ariz..Coop: Sur.) . RED IMPORTED FIRE ANT (Solenopsis invicta) - SOUTH CAROLINA - Forty workers collected in median of U.S. Highway I-20 at Bishopville, Lee County, May 18 by J.T. Squires. Determined by V.H. Owens. Confirmed by D.R. Smith. This is a new county record, (PPQ). A WHITEFRINGED BEETLE (Graphognathus sp.) - FLORIDA - Larvae damaged 25 percent of 33-acre planting of soybean seedlings at Chipley, Washington County. Determined by J.R. Strayer: (Fla. Coop... Sur’. )'. DETECTION New State Record - AN APHID (Ovatus crataegarius) - IDAHO - Payette County. (p. 445). New County Records - A TABANID FLY (Tabanus cymatophorus) MARYLAND - Taken July 1, 1973, near Clear Spring, Washington County. Collected and determined by W. E. Bickley. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). ALFALFA LEAF BLOTCH-MINER (Agromyza frontella) NEW YORK - Hamilton, Herkimer, St. Lawrence (p. 442). ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) NEW YORK - Hamilton (p. 442). ASIATIC OAK WEEVIL (Cyrtepistomus castaneus) KENTUCKY - Washington (p. 447). A DEER FLY (Chrysops geminatus impunctus) INDIANA - Warren (p. 449). FACE FLY (Musca autumnalis) OKLAHOMA - Nowata (p. 448). A NOTODONTID MOTH (Dasylophia angerina) WEST VIRGINIA - Calhoun, Roane (p. 447). RED IMPORTED FIRE ANT (Solenopsis invicta) SOUTH CAROLINA - Lee (p. 451). SADDLED PROMINENT (Heterocampa guttivitta) WEST VIRGINIA - Roane (p. 446). CORRECTIONS CEIR 23(20):288 -—- FOREST TENT CATERPILLAR (Malacosoma disstria) - KENTUCKY - Damaged over about 2,000 acres... should read ",,..about 200 acres..." (Barnett). - 451 - HAWAII INSECT REPORT General Vegetables - All stages of LEAFMINER FLIES (Liriomyza Spp.) and GREENHOUSE WHITEFLY (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) heavy on about 1.5 acres of greenhouse tomatoes at Waimanalo, Oahu. T. vaporariorum also heavy on soybeans in area. T. vaporariorum eggs and adults light on small planting of soybean seedlings at Waimanalo. Nymphs and adults of SOUTHERN GREEN STINK BUG (Nezara viridula) sporadically heavy on adjacent mature and near mature Soybeans. Eggs of Trichopoda pennipes var. pilipes (a tachina fly) on 6 of 48 N. viridula adults collected. Parasitism in this planting consistently low (10-20 percent) compared to 60-70 percent parasitism of all adult N. viridula noted under field conditions on Oahu during 1972. Liriomyza spp. generally moderate in green onion plantings at Waianae, Oahu; 40-60 percent of leaves with light to moderate mining. Mines heavy in mustard cabbage in same area; oldest 3-4 leaves heavily mined; adults trace. (Kawamura). General Pests —- MEXICAN LEAFROLLER (Amorbia emigratella) larvae light in small planting of long beans at Waimanalo, Oahu; infestation and damage heavy about 60 days ago. Damage heavy on nearby avocado tree; 100 percent of terminals affected. Larvae light in nursery at Hilo, Hawaii; about 5 percent of shoots and flowers of 1,000 potted chrysanthemums affected. Infestation of certain varieties nearing pest proportions. (Matayoshi, Kawamura). Forest and Shade Trees - Nymphs and adults of a CONIFER APHID (Cinara carolina) trace on 10 acres of 30 to 50-foot Pinus sp. trees at Olinda, Maui. Light on most 5 to 8-foot saplings in 100+ acres of Pinus sp. at Kula Forest Reserve; heavy on 100+ 15 to 20-foot trees. (Miyahira). An ADELGID (Pineus pini) light on single foot-high Pinus sp. sapling amid 80 to 90-foot pine trees in forest area at Olinda. This is first incidence of P. pini infestation in a forest area on Maui; all other infestations on this island have been on backyard host trees. (Kawamura). Nymphs and adults of Curinus coeruleus (a lady beetle) heavy and preying on aphids infesting single large Pinus sp. tree at Pukalani, Maui. (Miyahira, Ah Sam). - 452 - w z se) on io) SS = = 0) 0) ira! bre) Bad 0) UO eon) 5) a ww N - - N A » Nc a Bite) SS S SS ay oN te} PANDY O 3 bh N «a SS = bo u™ | pal ° tot (e) “nN ~ WN vans is) to VU NN i owe AIN a © Ss NN aN QO ayn Sas 3 I NN 2 nO N Pre NO [e) N Pi se} oOo a qo SS GIN —t™ oO Oo™ ESSN A & Ss} © 3 0 Ho PrP al il a uu oO < em) O48 Ono 2B a N Ho o}§6 O-4 ox NN Moo H ON tos wNs O82 Zzpa ra QBN aus o ~os &-aeOoO Bro So Huns ah A ax Ba ° Hua n (91 Tl ES fe) 2 s BY 0 Zan BPP NOH FBH BZvSO fs o mMHY ° Osh nAeay Bas Sic Osean ®© HHO OO da Zoo Ss HAO Oaa 35 Seo ewmmM HF ANS 204 2ZHes= OMS NHS rG) 5 ro) [ee a =| es] | H = 4 fo} [o) Ay is) = = ] 1 aN o (oe) 1 LIGHT TRAP COLLECTIONS Lakeport 6/20-26 Marianna 6/28-7/4 ARKANSAS Gainesville 6/29-7/5 FLORIDA ILLINOIS (County) Ogle 6/26-7/2 Beaconsfield 6/30 Gilbert 6/30 IOWA Goodland 7/2 Great Bend 6/27-7/3 KANSAS Lexington 7/4-5 Princeton 7/2-6 KENTUCKY 454 - Crookston 6/28-7/4 MINNESOTA Fergus Falls 6/28-7/4 MISSISSIPPI 70-97 te} SS w Y ~ i Y fe) 1 N tor) SS N Xo} SS © ) qt ® eq r= oan! a > = o o a ge Pr Oo O8 » no n nA iol = North Platte 7/5 Plymouth 6/28 NEBRASKA WEATHER OF THE WEEK ENDING JULY 9 Reprinted from Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin supplied by Environmental Data Service, NOAA. HIGHLIGHTS: Hurricane Alice, the season's first, was born off Bermuda Monday. Alice stayed a safe distance off our shores, finally breaking up over Newfoundland Friday. Parts of Texas, the South, and the Corn Belt received 2 inches or more of rain while the West stayed mostly dry. Large sections of the Nation averaged within 3 inches of normal, with only three scattered areas 3 inches subnormal for the week; areas of 3 inches above normal covered more ground. The largest was a long, irregularly shaped portion of the Midwest and West stretching from the Great Lakes to the California deserts. PRECIPITATION: The West remained mostly dry. Drought in the Northwest continued to intensify. The dry area stretched into Minnesota in the north and as far east as the southern tip of Indiana. To the east, scattered areas received 2 or more inches of rain. One East Texas area got 6 inches with an area stretching across Texas and the Deep South getting 2 inches. An area embracing parts of five western Corn Belt States got 2 inches as did areas in Indiana, Maine, North Carolina, and Florida. One Low drifted across Canada from Saskatchewan across Hudson Bay and out over Davis Strait from Monday through Friday. As the cold front associated with the Low passed across the eastern two-thirds of the Nation, violent weather erupted. Monday, 16 tornadoes struck South Dakota, Minnesota, and Nebraska. Hailstones one inch in diameter and winds up to 100 mph also struck Nebraska. Torrential rains deluged the eastern Kansas and Nebraska border area. Alexandria, Nebraska, had 3 inches and Topeka, Kansas, had 1.62 inches fall in 20 minutes. Monday, tropical storm Alice reached hurricane force 250 miles southwest of Bermuda. Tuesday, her sustained winds were estimated at 60 m.p.h. with gusts up to 100 m.p.h., but cool water temperatures tempered her activity. When she came ashore in Newfoundland and Nova Scotia on Friday, her force was greatly diminished. Tuesday, thunderstorms in the Nation's midsection dominated the weather. By afternoon, 6.40 inches of rain had fallen at Humboldt, Nebraska, over 24 hours. Thunderstorms struck the Ohio and lower Mississippi Valleys. Thunderstorms also hit Texas and the South. Fort Meyers, Florida, recorded 3.02 inches of afternoon rain while Charlotte, North Carolina, had 1.42 inches. Thunderstorm areas occurred mainly in the Midwest and South and in New England where clouds draped the sky. Early morning rain swamped Ottumwa, Iowa, with 2 inches of rain and other heavy downpours produced sharp rises in many creeks throughout southwest Iowa. Thursday was clear for most of the Nation. A thunderstorm dumped 1.96 inches of rain on Iola, Kansas, and heavy rainfall struck gulf areas to the Carolinas and Maine. Goldsboro, North Carolina, received 1.98 inches of rain in late afternoon; Beaumont, Texas, received 3.30 inches and Caribou, Maine, received 2.04 inches. Thursday, another Low formed in Saskatchewan and a front extended from the Low through the Dakotas into Wyoming; however, the front remained relatively stationary through Friday because of a large High over the Ohio Valley and the Appalachians. A High pressure system brought easterners a bright but very hot weekend. The High finally moved out over the Atlantic. The trailing front was able to move across the western Corn Belt bringing torrential rains to Iowa with flash flooding occurring in many streams. - 455 - TEMPERATURES: Most of the Nation averaged close to normal last week with areas warmer or cooler scattered across the land. Cool spots included part of eastern Tennessee which averaged 6 degrees below normal with some bordering areas 3 degrees below normal for the week. Parts of Washington averaged 3 to 6 degrees below normal, while a large part of Texas and sections of Louisiana and Arkansas were 3 degrees below normal. Warmer than normal areas covered a bit more ground. New England and New York were 3 to 6 degrees above average while a large area extending from the Great Lakes to the southwestern deserts averaged more than 3 degrees above normal. Parts of Arizona and Wisconsin were 9 degrees above normal. Cool air invaded the Nation's midsection Monday. The front which extended from Lake Michigan through northern Kansas had comfortable temperatures behind it. At midday for example, Cook, Nebraska, reported only 70 degrees while Russell, Nebraska, 130 miles southeast and on the hot side of the front, reported 97 degrees. Further to the southwest, temperatures were over 100 degrees. Phoenix, Arizona, tied its record high 115 degrees. Tuesday, Salt Lake City, Utah, tied its record of 101 degrees but farther west, the central and north coasts enjoyed afternoon highs in the 50's and 60's. A traditionally warm Fourth of July, with afternoon temperatures in the 80's and 90'S, was felt across the Nation. However a surge of cold air held the mercury in the 50's and 60's in the Pacific Northwest. Temperature records were broken Thursday: Salt Lake City, Utah, 104 degrees; Pueblo, Colorado, 103; and Flagstaff, Arizona, 97. Flagstaff, 7,000 feet above sea level hit an alltime high breaking the previous record of 96 degrees. Friday and the weekend brought typical hot Summer weather to most of the Nation. - 456 - oii he As U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HYATTSVILLE, MARYLAND 20782 POSTAGE AND FEES PAID OFFICIAL BUSINESS U.S. DEPARTMENT OF PENALTY FOR PRIVATE USE, $300 AGRICULTURE AGR 101 0904 SMINLISMIA122 34037 C001 SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION LIBR- ARTES SMITHSONIAN INST WASHINGTON DC 20560 VOL. 23 NO. 29 2 ti. 20. 1973 rie m7 27. Cooperative Economic Insect Report Issued by PLANT PROTECTION AND QUARANTINE PROGRAMS ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE U.S.DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE : PLANT PROTECTION AND QUARANTINE PROGRAMS : PEST SURVEY AND TECHNICAL SUPPORT STAFF The Cooperative Economic Insect Report is issued weekly as a Service to American Agriculture. Its contents are compiled from information supplied by cooperating State, Federal, and industrial entomologists and other agricultural workers. In releasing this material the Service serves as a Clearing house and does not assume responsibility for ac- curacy of the material. All reports and inquiries pertaining to this release, including the mailing list, should be sent to: CEIR Pest Survey and Technical Support Staff Plant Protection and Quarantine Programs Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service United States Department of Agriculture Federal Center Building Hyattsville, Maryland 20782 Volume 23 July 20, 1973 Number 29 COOPERATIVE ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT HIGHLIGHTS Current Conditions CORN LEAF APHID and GREENBUG increased on sorghum in central area of Nation but infestations still generally noneconomic. POTATO LEAFHOPPER damaged or yellowed alfalfa in Missouri, Wisconsin, and Ohio; noneconomic in soybeans and alfalfa in Virginia and Maryland. TOBACCO BUDWORM damage to tobacco in Maryland heaviest in past 5 years. TOBACCO HORNWORM damaged tobacco in Kentucky. (pp. 459-461). EUROPEAN CORN BORER infestations generally light in corn-growing areas, with some heavy infestations reported. Second-brood larvae active on Eastern Shore of Maryland, expected to increase rapidly. (pp. 462-463). European corn borer damage to spring potatoes on Eastern Shore of Virginia heaviest of past 10 years. (p. 466). CORN ROOTWORMS damaged corn in several areas; adults emerged in north-central Kansas, northern Missouri. NORTHERN CORN ROOTWORM damage to corn in New Jersey expected to be heavier than in 1972. SORGHUM MIDGE damaged grain sorghum in several areas of Texas. (pp. 463-464). SPOTTED CUCUMBER BEETLE adults heavier than usual on several crops in western Tennessee, including cotton; some feeding on squares noted, damage currently light but expected to increase. TARNISHED PLANT BUG heavier than usual on 500,000 acres of cotton throughout Alabama. (p. 466). Detection A CLICK BEETLE reported for first time in the United States. & The lack of information on larvae or biology of this species which occurs in southern Europe would indicate it is of no economic importance. (p. 472). New State records include an ARMORED SCALE from Hawaii (p. 473), a CARABID BEETLE from West Virginia (p. 471), and several MAY BEETLES from Maryland (p. 472). For new county records see page 472. Reports in this issue are for week ending July 13 unless other- wise indicated. - 457 - CONTENTS ee Special Insects of Regional SisimblstslOeMneea cn cocoodsneDo oooh sos - 459 Insects Affecting Corn, Sorghum, Sugarcane..462 Potatoes, Tomatoes, Peppers.466 Small Grains............-. -464 Cucurbits............. o sale eon Forage Legumes........ ....464 General Vegetables..... aye «0 HAO Soybeans... 2.0.66 = 606000 465 Deciduous Fruits and Nuts...468 PDRVOUWITES 6 o Go 6oo0D0000 son cola) © Sisal WrewstS 46 oo FR BOR ROSC - 469 COBUCMoccnoanK coo ood ODOOOS 466 Forest and Shade Trees......469 Miscellaneous Field Crops.466 Man and Animals............ 469 BYMENrIGiBIL MWASSCUS6 6 con dood ODO Koo bOD OKO ODO ODD COOOO OOS 98) Sehooetys eeiceiane Federal and State Plant Protection Programs Swenson a ven ceyevvaite ete emeome A771 DSUSSWIOCGMG 6666055000 odb OOOO DOD US curs MoWoweseeryawe/taiyerne Sooogdocuc Bree aie oe 22 AT2 Corrections. esas gta sel ca ahah oiverresper ollenenmike sh iaHlaibotreneh sisizen etree oli A Se ob Giclee 472 Hawaii imener “Report Selita ig eceirente Sroinccuetmeire ts aco elias teecan ea censoeenene sive aevm eens A473 Weather of thes We@K cp. 75 iigeneser setae sisnsie peneneesnensteiwene: ceplepettetete: ote RMON ~ 473 juaieintg Weeyoy COMNLSCTHOMES>s 5 oo00500006 exsucnelleyels: vipsiycusiests Bey Lexington 7/10-12 KENTUCKY Princeton 7/8-11 MISSISSIPPI Stoneville 7/6-12 MISSOURI Portageville 7/6-12 North Platte 7/5-12 Scotts Bluff 7/5-12 NEBRASKA NEW HAMPSHIRE Lee 7/8 LIGHT TRAP COLLECTIONS Bismark 7/4,7,12 Fargo 7/9,11,12 NORTH DAKOTA Wooster 7/6-12 OHIO OREGON (Counties) Linn 7/9-11 Marion 7/9-11 PENNSYLVANIA (Districts) Central 6/29-7/10 Northeast 6/29-7/10 SOUTH DAKOTA Brookings 7/6,9-12 475 TENNESSEE (Counties) Lake 7/9-12 Madison 7/9-13 WEST VIRGINIA (Counties) Kanawha 7/10 Monroe 7/9 Lancaster 7/3-8 Mazomanie 7/2-11 WISCONSIN Iowa received 1 inch or more. Scattered thunderstorms and — persisted throughout most of the East and South on Tuesday. Over- night, tornadoes touched down at Huron, South Dakota, near Denver, | Colorado, and Alamagordo, New Mexico, while 70-mph winds buffeted | Sidney, Nebraska. Over 1 inch of rain fell in northeast Texas, AN | Arkansas, and the Southeast. Significant Tuesday morning rains | fell at Wichita, Kansas, (1.64 inches); Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, (1.06 inches); and at Peoria, Illinois, (0.54 inch). By afternoon 1.67 inches had fallen at Dayton, Ohio,and 1.64 inches at 4 Louisville, Kentucky. In the East, a thunderstorm drowned Annan- || dale, Virginia, in 4 inches of rain that mostly fell within one © hour's time. Winds blew down trees, interrupted electric service, © and flooded highways. Wednesday brought sunny skies to most of the Nation because a High extended from the southern Rockies to the Great Lakes. While the East remained cloudy, and New England had rain, Texas was drenched with thunderstorms. Dallas and Fort © Worth got 2 inches in 24 hours. Later Wednesday, a front trailing © from a Canadian Low passed through Montana, the Dakotas, and | Minnesota. Livingston, Montana,had 80 mph winds. International Falls, Minnesota, got 1.37 inches of rain, while Baudette got heavy hail. Thursday, numerous storms raged west of the Continental Divide. Phoenix, Arizona, got 0.50 inch of driving rain with 70 mph winds. Gusty winds blew dust throughout Arizona, reducing visibility and causing rockslides. Friday stayed mostly a quiet sunny day; however, Harlan County Dam in south-central f Nebraska recorded a 6.50 inches of rain. Over the weekend thunder- storm activity was concentrated along a cold front. By late Sunday _ this front had almost reached the East coast. a TEMPERATURE: Most States had temperatures within 3 degrees of normal. Some western desert areas averaged 3 degrees above normal 4 for the week, while most of Texas, neighboring States, and parts of the Plains averaged 3 degrees below. Monday morning temperatures stood in the 50's over the northeastern Great Lakes and most West coast points, in the 70's from New England to Florida and over the Nation's east half. Several points on the gulf and in the Plains ~ started the week in the 80's. Later in the day it turned hot from — the Southwest, above 100 degrees, to Atlantic City, New Jersey whose airport had a record high, 93 degrees. Tuesday turned hot too. Record highs were felt again at the Atlantic City airport 92 degrees, and Great Falls, Montana, hit 105 degrees, a record The desert Southwest baked in heat--from 115 degrees to 118 ; degrees, But midweek relief came to the Nation: A High brought cool air to the Nation's midsection and cool Pacific air invaded the Northwest. Thursday morning record lows included Bradford Pennsylvania, 33 degrees, Baltimore, Maryland, 54 degrees Ea Paso, Texas, 61 degrees. At Cleveland, Ohio, the mercury fell to the lowest in a century, 48 degrees. By Friday the Pacific air Spread over the northern Plains and upper Mississippi Valley and temperatures at midday were lowered 10 degrees to 15 degrees, as | compared with Thursday. A rapid warming, however, occurred: "At | Pandora, Ohio, a record-tying 95 degrees was recorded after a record-equaling low on Thursday, 51 degrees. Over the weekend the East stayed warm,while a cold front moved across the Plains The Texas High Plains and Panhandle areas recorded record lows “North Platte, Nebraska, set a new low, 48 degrees, as did Denver, ‘Colorado, 48 degrees,and Pueblo Colorado, 51 i ' d | record extending back to 1891. : Memb Me i | | f - 476 - U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HYATTSVILLE, MARYLAND 20782 POST AGHAND EEESbaiG OFFICIAL BUSINESS U.S. DEPARTMENT OF PENALTY FOR PRIVATE USE, $300 AGRICULTURE AGR 101 VOL. 23 NO. 30 age JULY 27, 1973 SB 623 Gy 7 Li n7. Cooperative Economic Insect Report Issued by PLANT PROTECTION AND OU,ARANTINE PROGRAMS ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE U.S.DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE | ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE PLANT PROTECTION AND QUARANTINE PROGRAMS PEST SURVEY AND TECHNICAL SUPPORT STAFF The Cooperative Economic Insect Report is issued weekly as a service to American Agriculture. Its contents are compiled from information supplied by cooperating State, Federal, and industrial entomologists and other agricultural workers. In releasing this material the Service serves as a Clearing house and does not assume responsibility for ac- curacy of the material. All reports and inquiries pertaining to this release, including the mailing list, should be sent to: CEIR Pest Survey and Technical Support Staff Plant Protection and Quarantine Programs Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service United States Department of Agriculture Federal Center Building Hyattsville, Maryland 20782 Volume 23 uly 2d, LOTS Number 30 COOPERATIVE ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT HIGHLIGHTS Current Conditions ARMYWORM infestations heavy. on some grain crops in South Dakota, southeastern Minnesota, into Red River Valley, and in many localities of Wisconsin. Damage also reported in Iowa, Illinois, Michigan, Mississippi, and California. CORN LEAF APHID heavy in some sorghum in several Plains States. GREENBUG increased on sorghum in Nebraska, Kansas, and Oklahoma. (pp. 479-481). EUROPEAN CORN BORER expected to be more damaging to corn in Western Kansas than in 1972. CORN ROOTWORM adult emergence continued in corn-growing areas; heavy in some localities. (pp. 482, 483). PEA APHID at outbreak levels on alfalfa in areas of Washington and Idaho; heavy on second-growth alfalfa in central Maryland. (p. 484). TARNISHED PLANT BUG heavy on much cotton in Tennessee River Valley in Alabama. (p. 487). SPRUCE BUDWORM caused moderate to severe defoliation over much of spruce and fir region of Maine. (p. 489). SCREWWORM continued heavy in Arizona. Several FLY pest species annoying to livestock, heavy in some areas. (pp. 490-492). GRASSHOPPERS heavy in several Plains and Western States on range- land and some crops. GYPSY MOTH population at lowest level in history of infestation in New Hampshire. (pp. 493, 494). Detection WOOLLY ALDER APHID reported as new State record in Oklahoma (p. 490). For new county records see page 488. Special Reports Notice of Name Changes in Ants and Sawflies. (p. 498). Reports in this issue are for week ending July 20 unless other- wise indicated. - 477 - CONTENTS Specialy insects of Restonaly sisnicha Cancer a see cece eee 479 Insects Affecting Corn, Sorghum, Sugarcane...°:482 Beans and Peas... .. . eee 488 Smeilil Gieeyss 5 o5 65.6 iomeralarg 6.06 484) Colle (Crops... 3 ..s...« 0 op eee eee 488 Turf, Pastures, Rangeland...484 Deciduous Fruits and Nuts.489 Forage LegumeS........e.ceec6 434 Ornamentals: .. asco 489 SOY DEANS icc. demers: « cee ous erlons -- 486 Forest and Shade Trees....489 COG TOM ieee ecusieme le 6 apedeiras aie eine 486 (Man and Animals. 3... 490 Potatoes, Tomatoes, Peppers.487 DE GOCE LON Mia on, siieiie, aysnonieyinh’s Yet chtey als eysl.elusyjowoeNel «| a detfeliolt ie: