Historic, archived document

Do not assume content reflects current
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7 VOL. 20 No. 17 :
078 April 24, 1970

Cooperative

ECONOMIC INSECT
REPORT

Issued by
PLANT PROTECTION DIVISION
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE

PLANT PEST CONTROL DIVISION

SURVEY AND DETECTION OPERATIONS

The Cooperative Economic Insect Report is issued
weekly as a service to American Agriculture. Its contents
are compiled from information supplied by cooperating State,
Federal, and industrial entomologists and other agricultural
workers. In releasing this material the Division serves as
a clearing house and doesnot assume responsibility for ac-
curacy of the material.

All reports and inquiries pertaining to this release,
including the mailing list, should be sent to:

Survey and Detection Operations
Plant Pest Control Division
Agricultural Research Service
United Stetes Department of Agriculture
Federal Center Building
Hyattsville, Maryland 20782

Volume 20 April 24, 1970 Number 17

COOPERATIVE ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT

HIGHLIGHTS

Current Conditions

CORN LEAF APHID heavy in New Mexico and Texas. GREENBUG heavy in Oklahoma
Panhandle. SPOTTED ALFALFA APHID heavy and damaging in New Mexico, Texas, and
Oklahoma. (p. 277).

SUGARCANE BEETLE expected to be heavy in Some Alabama counties. (p. 278).

ALFALFA WEEVIL damaging in Texas. (pp. 278-279).

VEGETABLE WEEVIL heavy on tobacco in Georgia. (p. 280).

A DARKLING BEETLE damaged bee boards in Idaho. (p. 283).

No SCREW-WORM cases reported in the United States from December 16, 1969, through
April 19, 1970. (p. 283). Last confirmed case occurred December 15, 1969. This is

longest period on record the Southwest has been free of this pest. Single case
confirmed in Imperial County, California, April 20 is first report for 1970.

Detection

For new county records see page 286.

Special Reports
BOLL WEEVIL survival survey for Spring of 1970 shows higher numbers than the
Spring of 1969 in the north delta of Mississippi. Counts were lower in all areas

of the Carolinas, southern Tennessee, south and central delta and hill section
of Mississippi, northeastern Louisiana, and central Texas. (pp. 287-290).

Some First Occurrences of Season

BLACK CUTWORM moths and VARIEGATED CUTWORM in Ohio. MEADOW SPITTLEBUG in Indiana
and Illinois. TOMATO FRUITWORM in Texas. PEAR PSYLLA eggs in New York and
Michigan, AMERICAN DOG TICK in Maryland.

Reports in this issue are for week ending April 17 unless otherwise indicated.

- 275 -

- 276 -

CONTENTS
Speciall)-Insects of; Regional Sienatacance.-ey creer elsterepeecie Morel Gere Nora Men hoe Nam honor 277
Insects Affecting
Corn, “Sorghum, “Sugarcane na .3 ie. 278 General Vere tabilliesi re nuseretelatus sirens 280
Sell (realising > oddid Gain o20 c-osdlo oreo 278 Deciduous Fruits and Nuts....... 281
Horaleer WeSumeS ike ec eetes wiepscekeree en avenene 278 (Cali GoGo odoaodobu Go nod oC 08 C 282
COMO sce ccoastecclea ee skeen el cima enaeeuene en caements 280 Ornamentiallsh, weraciericecie eee ienene 282
MO DACTCOnsnaccteensieeene. shenstele dows meNe teres amenities 280 Forest and Shade Trees.......... 282
Potatoes, Tomatoes, Peppers........ 280 Manandy Ant marlisir. ca-necciclenom arene honeweneae 283
Beans “amd Peas rereratecels vei acclatevetereetehactenen 280 Households and Structures....... 284
COMEMEGOPSGimstecsbeasueieh oils lepeWone on ale ceonatons 280 StoredeProductsie i ce eee ee 284
BenePie vad TNSSCSr yess, cyeiialts chats Sheva edehap sions Abetole ode teNabods: Shel pihohe cualldhsh ab ssakerousdenepevea Helicon on ewemene 284
Federal and! Statie Plant. Protect zon POS VAMS I. jaca sicher oauesens Coker eiiel ekeleieceene earnest sells 7. - 284
Hawad a TNnSeet REPO Cis 6 eiccelsce lteter c covenant osriouenelenanereneijebeine jerome rons ede eed uoneae Ry msc ome wen Renee nen: 285
DOTS CERO iis. cielialic: 0) eda teleks consis ei lafvasneNatzel bie Giepeatemtel aer-o\ aye sieeneniee otremeke Usfied oU sh sel us amromeiel RRR CR ice Hee i mees 286
COLLECTIONS wiececstens sss iol te mete tenes blevie. ol aisa.2o) anti) tedeetelelvemous tone eac mene NGL eNe Weimer oem sae caehe che RCM MEEC Ne Meat 286
hight Trap \Collectaonsia. .usvs«cesies oe atereenekenate pI Ocean O00 DO MOO O/0-0.0-6.0 o O18 o-oo %G.0 OD 6.6% 286
Boll Weevil ‘Survival’ Survey. = Spring ALO G¢O) siete con emer cl encwclielsiestiekeemencmclieencieucen meen nee 287

WEATHER BUREAU'S 30-DAY OUTLOOK
MID-APRIL TO MID-MAY 1970

The Weather Bureau's 30-day outlook for mid-April to mid-May is for temperatures
to average below seasonal normals west of the Continental Divide and also over
the middle and north Atlantic Coast States and western portions of the northern
Plains. Above normal temperatures are indicated for the Gulf Coast States and
Florida as well as the upper Great Lakes region. Elsewhere near normal tempera-
tures are in prospect. Precipitation is expected to exceed normal over the Great
Basin, the central and south Pacific coast and northern and central portions of
the Great Plains and Mississippi Valley. Subnormal amounts are indicated for

the southern Plains, the gulf coast region, Florida, and northern New England.
In unspecified areas near normal precipitation is expected.

Weather forecast given here is based on the official 30-day "Resume and Outlook"
published twice a month by the Weather Bureau. You can subscribe through the
Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D.C. 20250. Price $5.00 a year.

WEATHER FOR THE WEEK ENDING APRIL 20

HIGHLIGHTS: Last week was cloudy, cool, and wet over most of the West and cloudy,
mild, and rainy over the East. Two heavy snowstorms whitened the northern Great
Plains. Tornadoes struck a dozen States in the South.

PRECIPITATION: On Monday morning, April 13, a large storm centered over the
western edge of the central Great Plains brought heavy snow accompanied by strong
winds over the northern and central Great Plains and upper Mississippi River
Valley. Vigorous thunderstorms, some with hail and high winds, occurred in the
lower Mississippi River Valley. By midday Monday, snow had accumulated to 17
inches at Aberdeen, South Dakota, and to 2 feet at Chamberlain. As this storm
moved eastward, another storm dumped heavy snow in the Oregon Cascades and in

the Sierras in northern California. Strong winds raised clouds of dust and

sand in the Great Basin. Milford, Utah, measured gusts of 72 m.p.h. By Tuesday
this storm was causing heavy snow in the central Rocky Mountains. Snow accumulated
to 10 inches at Rapid City, South Dakota, by Wednesday morning and by Thursday
morning 18 inches lay on the ground at Minot, North Dakota. Winds gusted to 65
m.p.h. in downtown El Paso, Texas, Tuesday afternoon. Weather of the week
continued on page 286.

J PAU es

SPECIAL INSECTS OF REGIONAL SIGNIFICANCE

ARMY CUTWORM (Chorizagrotis auxiliaris) - COLORADO - Larvae of this and Agrotis

orthogonia (pale western cutworm) O-I per linear foot of wheat in Larimer, Weld,
and Morgan Counties. (Johnson, Apr. 10). C. auxiliaris larvae now 0-2 per linear
foot of wheat in Weld, Logan, Sedgwick, Phillips, Yuma, and Washington Counties.
(Johnson, Pilcher).

ARMYWORM (Pseudaletia unipuncta) - NORTH DAKOTA - Moths appeared in Billings
County. (Brandvik, Kaatz, Apr. 10).

ASTER LEAFHOPPER (Macrosteles fascifrons) - FLORIDA - Adults 7 in 100 sweeps of
alfalfa at Gainesville, Alachua County. (Mead).

BEET LEAFHOPPER (Circulifer tenellus) - CALIFORNIA - Control began at Taft, Kern
County, March 31. About 9,721 rangeland acres harboring spring nymphs treated.
Flatlands closest to cultivation receiving priority. Rapidly drying hosts required
second helicopter to maintain pretreatment schedules. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

CORN LEAF APHID (Rhopalosiphum maidis) - NEW MEXICO - Buildup heavy on Eddy
County barley. (Marek). TEXAS - Heavy, 10-20 per leaf, locally near La Pryor,
Zavala County, on sorghum-Sudan grass hybrid 6 to 8 inches high. (Gardner).
Moderate on barley at Bakersfield, Pecos County. (Neeb). OKLAHOMA - Ranged
3-10 per linear foot on wheat in Pottawatomie County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

GREENBUG (Schizaphis graminum) - TEXAS - Decreased throughout Rolling Plains;
heavy in some areaS of panhandle on small grains; damaged emerging grain sorghum
in several southern counties March 30 to April 10. (Green et al.). Up to 77 per
plant on small grain sorghum at Lancaster, Dallas County, April 14. Varied from
field to field but found in all fields inspected. Leaves showing some red
spotting where large colonies found. No parasites or predators. Winged forms
present, indicating movement into field. Moderate on barley near Bakersfield,
Pecos County. Barley throughout Bakersfield sprayed for control. (Turney, Neeb).
Light and localized on 3 to 6-inch grain sorghum near Crystal City, Zavala
County. Mostly on edge of fields; apparently moving into fields. (Gardner).
OKLAHOMA - Up to 1,500 per linear foot in scattered wheatfields in Texas County.
Up to 20 per linear foot in Major and Pottawatomie Counties. Ranged 5-20 per
sweep in Grant, Noble, Payne, and Alfalfa Counties. Parasitism still high in
most areas but not reported from panhandle. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). KANSAS - Range
per row foot of wheat by county: Comanche 1-400 and Clark 0-200. Noneconomic in
Meade, Edwards, Kiowa, Barber, Kingman, Harper, Sumner, Cowley, Greenwood, Elk,
Wilson, Montgomery, Labette, and Cherokee Counties. Predators and parasites heavy
on all infested wheat. (Martinez, Redding). NEBRASKA - Two specimens in suction
trap at Lincoln, Lancaster County, April 15-16. No activity observed on wheat.
(Keith).

POTATO PSYLLID (Paratrioza cockerelli) - CALIFORNIA - Heavy on potato plantings
at Edison, Kern County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

SPOTTED ALFALFA APHID (Therioaphis maculata) - NEW MEXICO - Alfalfa in Socorro
County treated. (Armijo). TEXAS - Heavy, damaged alfalfa in Wilbarger County.
(Boring, Apr. 10). OKLAHOMA - Ranged 400-1,500 per square foot of crown on
alfalfa checked in Tillman and Harmon Counties. Heavy in Mayes County. Up to 30
per square foot in Payne County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

TOBACCO BUDWORM (Heliothis virescens) - ALABAMA - Numerous adults in flight in
cotton field in Monroe County. Recently emerged from pupation since no larvae in
hundreds of sweeps of clover and vetch throughout south and central areas.
(McQueen) .

erate)

CORN, SORGHUM, SUGARCANE

EUROPEAN CORN BORER (OStrinia nubilalis) - NEW YORK - Found 25 larvae in stalks of
sweet corn at PoughkeepSie, Dutchess County, April 8. Overwintered survival about
normal. Significant moth flight wiil begin in late May. (N.Y. Wkiy. Rpt., Apr.
13). SOUTH DAKOTA - Percent larval survival by county: Lincoln ranged 60-90
(averaged 75) and Union ranged 80-100 (averaged 87.5). (Jones).

BLACK CUTWORM (Agrotis ipsilon) - OHIO - Moths first emerged April 14 at Wooster,
Wayne County. (Rings).

CORN FLEA BEETLE (Chaetocnema pulicaria) - NEW YORK - Expect practically no corn
flea beetles or Stewart's bacterial wilt on early sweet corn in mid-Hudson area

inwl97Oe- NAY Wkilyoo Rpts) Apr. LS)

SUGARCANE BEETLE (Euetheola rugiceps) - ALABAMA - Adults killed 2-5 percent of
6 to 8-inch corn in large field within newly cleared fence line area in Monroe
County. Several hundred adults about well lighted buildings in Montgomery and
Autauga Counties. Heavy adult population explosion expected in Dallas, Autauga,
and Montgomery Counties. Adults numerous in Mobile County. (Brackin et al.).

CHINCH BUG (Blissus leucopterus) - TEXAS - Light to heavy, widespread throughout
Jackson County on young grain sorghum. Many infested fields treated. (Wilson).

YELLOW SUGARCANE APHID (Sipha flava) - TEXAS - Generaliy light on grain sorghum
in east Willacy County. (Deer).

SMALL GRAINS

PALE WESTERN CUTWORM (Agrotis orthogonia) - COLORADO - First to third instars
0-5 (averaged 0-1) per linear foot of wheat in Weld, Logan, Sedgwick, Phillips,
Yuma, and Washington Counties. Controls used in one field. (Johnson, Pilcher).
WYOMING — Larvae 0-2 (averaged less than 1) per linear foot in 4 wheatfields in
Platte and Laramie Counties. Larvae small and difficult to find. (Parshali).
NEBRASKA - No damage in southwest district. Activity reduced by cold weather.
(Keith).

ENGLISH GRAIN APHID (Macrosiphum avenae) - CALIFORNIA - Ten per leaf scattered
over barley field at Oildale, Kern County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). TEXAS - Light on
heads of wheat near Floresville, Wilson County. (Bippert).

AN APHID (Rhopalosiphum padi) - TEXAS - Infested several acres of small grain in
Dallas and Denton Counties. Parasitism by small wasp noted in Dallas County.
(Turney). OKLAHOMA - Ranged 4-20 per sweep of oats checked in Noble County.
(Okla. Coop. Sur.).

WINTER GRAIN MITE (Penthaleus major) - KANSAS - Moderate to heavy on wheat in
Labette and Wilson Counties. Light on wheat in Kingman, Sumner, Greenwood, and
Montgomery Counties. (Redding). OKLAHOMA - Heavy on wheat at Morrison, Noble
County. Heavy in margins of some wheat in Kay County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

BROWN WHEAT MITE (Petrobia latens) - KANSAS - Light on wheat in Edwards, Kiowa,
Comanche, Barber, Clark, and Meade Counties. (Martinez).

FORAGE LEGUMES

ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - IDAHO - First eggs of season on alfalfa near
Wilder, Canyon County. (Homan). CALIFORNIA - Hypera sp. larvae heavy on 40-acre
alfalfa planting at Ripon, San Joaquin County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). TEXAS - Alfalfa’
weevil damaging alfalfa and clovers in many south, central, and north areas.
Collected in Milam, McLennan, Falls, Colorado, Frio, and Zavala Counties for new
county records. (Green et al., Apr. 10). Larvae and adults currently medium to

= 279) -

heavy on Tarrant County alfalfa; much damage. (Turney, Matthies). ARKANSAS -
Larvae 44 in 100 sweeps in Washington County in field with 6 in 100 sweeps last
week. Only 1 adult in 100 sweeps. (Boyer). Larvae 60-380 in 100 sweeps with few
adults in Mississippi County. (Dumas). MISSISSIPPI - Larvae 118 per 20 stems of
alfalfa in Pontotoc County. (Sartor). ALABAMA - Pupating on burclover, vetch,
and white, crimson, and other clovers throughout south and central areas.
(McQueen). FLORIDA - Larvae 6 per 100 sweeps on second-growth alfalfa at Gaines-
ville, Alachua County. (Mead). TENNESSEE - First to third instars in east and
central areas. Little damage present. (Burns, Edwards,et al.). MISSOURI - Larvae
ranged 3-16 per square foot in south-central area. Adults mating and ovipositing
in all fields checked here. (Munson). ILLINOIS - Larvae found as far north as
Jasper County (2 per 100 sweeps) and Jackson County (10 per 100 sweeps). Highest,
42 per 100 sweeps, in Pulaski County; not serious. Damage light. Adults as far
north as Champaign County (27 per 100 sweeps). (111. Ins. Rpt.). INDIANA - Cool
weather slowed development. Larvae taken by Tullgren funnel extraction mostly
second instar. Daytime collections yielded no more than 4 adults per 5 sweeps in
southwest district; adults 0-2 per 5 sweeps after dark in Jackson and Lawrence
Counties. (Meyer). OHIO - Counts at Castalia, Erie County, showed 10 eggs per
square foot April 16, below 1969 counts of 25 per square foot. Majority of eggs
Oviposited recently, indicating spring oviposition begun in northern area.
(Flessel). VIRGINIA - First instars very light in alfalfa field in Campbell
County. (Allen). MARYLAND - Hatching retarded due to unseasonably cool spring.
(U. Md., Ent. Dept.).

CLOVER LEAF WEEVIL (Hypera punctata) - ILLINOIS - Larvae found as far north as
Cumberland County; averaged 4 per Square foot. Highest count, 84 per square foot,
in Pulaski County. Damage less than 2 percent where counts high. (Ill. Ins. Rpt.).

GREEN CLOVERWORM (Plathypena scabra) - ALABAMA - Larvae 1 per sweep on crimson
clover, Yuchi clover, and other Jegumes throughout south and central areas.
(McQueen). OKLAHOMA - First 2 larvae of season on alfalfa in Alfalfa County
April 8. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

PEA APHID (Acyrthosiphon pisum) - TEXAS - Moderate to heavy on Pecos County
alfalfa. Some fields Sprayed. Light to medium on Tarrant County alfalfa; no
damage. (Neeb, Turney). OKLAHOMA - Heavy on Mayes County alfalfa. Moderate to
heavy in Harmon and Tillman Counties. Ranged 100-500 per square foot in Grant,
Kay, Noble, and Alfalfa Counties; 5-15 per square foot in Pottawatomie County.
(Okla. Coop. Sur.). KANSAS - Ranged 100-600 per 15 sweeps of alfalfa in Elk,
Montgomery, Wilson, Cowley, Sedgwick, and Sumner Counties. (Redding). MISSOURI -
Increasing in south-central area. Ranged 10-80 per 10 sweeps of alfalfa. (Munson).
INDIANA - Immatures O-1 per 5 sweeps in south-central and southwest districts.
One alate taken in Tullgren funnel extraction from Gibson County sample. (Meyer).

COWPEA APHID (Aphis craccivora) - NEW MEXICO - Alfalfa in Socorro County treated.
(Armijo). Damaging alfalfa in Valencia County. (Romo).

TARNISHED PLANT BUG (Lygus lineolaris) - FLORIDA - Adults 25 and nymphs 4 in 100
sweeps of alfalfa at Gainesville, Alachua County. (Mead). ALABAMA - Nymphs heavy
and adults light on crimson clover throughout south and central areas. Ranged
2-8 per sweep in roadside and field clover where seed heads developing. Numbers
per acre appear normal and numerous adults should be present to move to nearby
cotton when clover begins to mature and cotton begins to fruit. (McQueen).
INDIANA - Adults averaged 3 per 5 sweeps in 50 percent of fields in southwest
district. None in remainder of southwest nor in south-central. (Meyer).

MEADOW SPITTLEBUG (Philaenus spumarius) - INDIANA - First instars in half of
fields checked in southwest district, in one field in south-central, and in no
fields in southeast. Square-foot samples yielded up to 23 nymphs in southwest
district, averaging 9 per square foot in fields where found. (Meyer). ILLINOIS -
Hatching in Cumberland County; no spittle masses yet. (I1l. Ins. Rpit.).

=. Z280"=

BROWN WHEAT MITE (Petrobia latens) - NEW MEXICO - Damaging alfalfa in Eddy and
Socorro Counties. Fields in Socorro County treated. (Marek, Armijo).

COTTON

BOLL WEEVIL (Anthonomus grandis) - ALABAMA - Cotton up to stand on 1 of 21 farms
in 6 counties. One weevil collected from this farm in Dallas County. (McQueen).

COTTON FLEAHOPPER (Pseudatomoscelis seriatus) - TEXAS - Large numbers in isolated
fields of small cotton in lower Rio Grande Valley. (Deer).

COTTON APHID (Aphis gossypii) - ALABAMA - Nymphs 1-50 on 50-80 percent of stand
on one farm in Dallas County. Winged forms plentiful. No parasites or predators.
(McQueen).

A SPIDER MITE (Tetranychus sp.) - TEXAS - Damage to small cotton in lower Rio
Grande Valley. Some treatment required in isolated fields. (Deer).

TOBACCO

VEGETABLE WEEVIL (Listroderes costirostris obliquus) - GEORGIA - Larvae light to
heavy in plant beds across tobacco belt. (French). Adults heavy on transplants
in Brantley County field. (Loyd).

YELLOW-STRIPED ARMYWORM (Prodenia ornithogalli) - GEORGIA - Light in several
Lanier County fields. (Strickland, French).

CABBAGE LOOPER (Trichoplusia ni) - GEORGIA - Light in Lanier County. (Strickland,
French). aie

POTATOES, TOMATOES, PEPPERS

TOMATO FRUITWORM (Heliothis zea) - TEXAS - Appearing in fields beginning to
fruit in lower Rio Grande Valley. (Deer).

TOBACCO FLEA BEETLE (Epitrix hirtipennis) - CALIFORNIA - Adults medium on leaves
of 5-acre tomato planting at Ontario, San Bernardino County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

BEANS AND PEAS

ALFALFA LOOPER (Autographa californica) - WASHINGTON - First capture of adults
April 7 by pheromone attractant traps in pea-growing area around Walla Walla,
Walla Walla County. (Halfhill).

COLE CROPS

IMPORTED CABBAGEWORM (Pieris rapae) - NEBRASKA - First adult April 13 in Lancaster
County. (Keith).

THRIPS - NEW MEXICO - Problem as populations increase on Eddy County cabbage.
(Marek).

GENERAL VEGETABLES

VARIEGATED CUTWORM (Peridroma saucia) - OHIO - Moths first emerged April 15 at
Wooster, Wayne County. (Rings).

GREEN PEACH APHID (Myzus persicae) - MARYLAND - Spring buildup on spinach delayed
by cool weather. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).

THRIPS - NEW MEXICO - Seed onions in Mesilla Valley required treatment. (N.M.
Coop. Rpt.).

= 281) =

DECIDUOUS FRUITS AND NUTS

PLUM CURCULIO (Conotrachelus nenuphar) - ALABAMA - Adults emerged from hiber-
nation. On wild plums and in orchards throughout south and central areas. Egg
laying much lighter than in 1969 on wild plums on roadsides and field borders;
only 2-15 percent of plums affected. Some egg laying on peach and plums in
commercial orchard in Autauga County. (McQueen). GEORGIA - Adults heavy on
unsprayed fruit trees in Peach County. (Payne).

EASTERN TENT CATERPILLAR (Malacosoma americanum) - TEXAS - Heavy on individual
peach, plum, and cherry trees in Rusk and Limestone Counties. Small number of
infested trees in Rusk County. (Coster, Brown, Apr. 10). OKLAHOMA - Larvae about
one-third grown; very common on wild plum in Major County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).
GEORGIA - Heavy on wild cherry trees over south area. (Womack, French). VIRGINIA -
Small larvae feeding on apple foliage in Montgomery County April 12. Tents on
wild cherry in Roanoke County April 16. (Allen). MARYLAND - Newly hatched larvae
active throughout central, south, and Eastern Shore counties. (U. Md., Ent.
Dept.). WEST VIRGINIA - First larvae in Fayette County April 6 in New River
Gorge. Tents ranged 9-25 per wild cherry. First noted in Kanawha County April 9
and in Monongalia County April 15. (For. Ins.-Dis. Sur.). PENNSYLVANIA - First
hatch of season. Only two egg masses on over 150 wild cherry trees at Chamber
Hill, Dauphin County. These trees heavily infested last few years. Many old egg
masses observed. (Sleesman, Apr. 9). OHIO - Newly hatched larvae on wild cherry
in Adams County. New leaves beginning to appear and tent size less than 2 inches
in diameter. (Roach, Apr. 14).

APPLE GRAIN APHID (Rhopalosiphum fitchii) - INDIANA - Hatching on apple in

La Porte and Tippecanoe Counties. (Matthew). OHIO - First observed April 11 on
green tips of partly opened apple buds at Columbus, Franklin County. On 7 of
100 Jonathan apple buds April 14 at Carroll, Fairfield County. (Holdsworth).
PENNSYLVANIA - Few newly hatched nymphs on apple buds in Pike County. (Gesell,
Apr. 13).

PEAR PSYLLA (Psylla pyricola) - NEW YORK - Adults active April 8-9. Some eggs
laid in Ulster County. Adults in Monroe County. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt.). MICHIGAN -
Overwintered adults on pear April 9 in southwest area; mating common in Berrien
County. Eggs currently moderate to heavy on pear in Berrien and Van Buren
Counties. (Thompson).

SAN JOSE SCALE (Aspidiotus perniciosus) - CALIFORNIA - Heavy on apple nursery
stock at Willows, Glenn County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

EUROPEAN RED MITE (Panonychus ulmi) - SOUTH CAROLINA - Larvae and nymphs on
apples April 9 in Anderson County. (Nettles et al.). NEW YORK - Eggs appear
abundant in Monroe County. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt., Apr. 10). WASHINGTON - First-
generation nymphs from overwintered eggs on apples in pink stage April 15 at
Moxee, Yakima County. (Gregorich).

A SPIDER MITE (Tetranychus mcdanieli) - WASHINGTON - First overwintered adults on
apples in pink stage April 7 at Yakima, Yakima County. (Gregorich).

PECAN NUT CASEBEARER (Acrobasis caryae) - ALABAMA - Larvae light on many pecan
trees in Henry, Covington, Monroe, Dallas, Montgomery, and Autauga Counties. None
entered new growth stems. Control efforts for this pest, aphids, and pecan
diseases will begin in Dallas County on several hundred acres next week.
(Alsobrook, Kirkpatrick,et al.).

APHIDS - ALABAMA - Monelliopsis spp. light on all pecan trees in 6 counties

throughout south and central areas. Sufficient on few trees to produce honeydew
residue. (Alsobrook et al.). Few alates of Myzocallis caryaefoliae (black pecan
aphid), no nymphs, on few pecan trees in Monroe and Dallas Counties. (McQueen).

- 282 -

CITRUS

CITRUS RED MITE (Panonychus citri) - FLORIDA - Eggs and adults moderate on 33
percent of 300 nursery plants at Gibsonton, Hillsborough County. (Simmons).

ORNAMENTALS

A PTEROPHORID MOTH (Platyptilia antirrhina) - CALIFORNIA - Larvae 1 per stem in
snapdragon plants at Oildale, Kern County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

AN ARMORED SCALE (Phenacaspis cockerelli) - FLORIDA - Severe on 50 percent of 500
pigmy date palms (Phoenix roebelenii) in nursery at Bradenton, Manatee County.
(Schmidt, Apr. 9).

A MEALYBUG (Pseudococcus aberrans) - CALIFORNIA - One adult and one immature per
stem on Juniperus procumbens at Oildale, Kern County. This is a new county record.
(Cal. Coop. Rpt.). ;

A MEALYBUG (Pseudococcus obscurus) - CALIFORNIA - Heavy on Buxus harlandi nursery
stock at Chino, San Bernardino County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

SPRUCE SPIDER MITE (Oligonychus ununguis) - CALIFORNIA - Eggs, nymphs, and adults,
over 100 per limb, on Juniperus procumbens and 500 per limb on J. sabina var.

tamariscifolia at Oildale, Kern County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).
FOREST AND SHADE TREES

ROUNDHEADED PINE BEETLE (Dendroctonus adjunctus) - NEVADA - Adults active in Spring
Mountains, Clark County. Spring flight apparently occurred. (Long, Zoller).

WEEVILS - CALIFORNIA - One Scythropus californicus adult per needle on 3 acres
of Monterey and ponderosa pines at Laytonville. Infested 37 acres of Monterey
pine at Fort Bragg, Mendocino County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). ALABAMA - Adults of
Pachylobius picivorus and Hylobius pales (pales weevil) left hibernation.

Beginning to occur on pines in Mobile County. (Brackin, Seibels).

A CONIFER APHID (Cinara curvipes) - CALIFORNIA - Unusually abundant on white
firs at Auburn, Placer County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

TENT CATERPILLARS (Malacosoma spp.) - FLORIDA - Fully grown M. disstria (forest
tent caterpillar) larvae crawling on streets and sidewalks, evidently seeking
cocooning locations at Gainesville, Alachua County. (Hetrick). TENNESSEE - First
Malacosoma spp. larvae and tents noted in east and central areas. No damage.
(Gordon, Greene). CALIFORNIA - M. californicum californicum (western tent cater-
pillar) larvae and adults 500 per oak tree on library grounds at Fairfield,
Solano County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

CANKERWORMS - NORTH DAKOTA - Paleacrita vernata (Spring cankerworm) males appeared
at Medora, Billings County. (Brandvik, Kaatz, Apr. 10). MINNESOTA - P. vernata
moth activity declined at St. Paul, Ramsey County. Expect much heavier populations
in St. Paul. Spray program anticipated. (Minn. Pest Rpt.). MICHIGAN - Alsophila
pometaria (fall cankerworm) counts increasing rapidly in blacklight traps.

(Newman, Apr. 13).

AN OAK KERMES SCALE (Kermes galliformis) - SOUTH CAROLINA - Caused much damage to
live oaks in 1969 at Beaufort, Beaufort County. Current heavy parasitism and
heavy hail storm (knocked about half of scales off trees) possibly wiil give
enough control in 1970. (Thomas, Apr. 15).

= 283 -

MAN AND ANIMALS

HORN FLY (Haematobia irritans) - ALABAMA - Ranged 200-500 per animal in herd of
100+ beef cows in Henry County; few or none in other herds. Large herd in
Autauga County has 100+ per animal. Light on cattle in Henry, Covington, Monroe,
Dallas, Montgomery, and Autauga Counties with high numbers in some herds.
(McQueen). TEXAS - Medium to heavy, widespread over Jackson County. Spraying
underway throughout county. (Wilson). OKLAHOMA - Ranged 50-100 per head on Payne
County cattle and 25-60 per head in Major County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

STABLE FLY (Stomoxys calcitrans) - OKLAHOMA - Up to 5 per head on cattle checked
in Payne County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). NEBRASKA - Activity very light in Lancaster
County. No flies on animals in 2 feedlots April 16, but few flies on resting
areas. (Keith).

FACE FLY (Musca autumnalis) - CALIFORNIA - Thousands emerging from hibernation;
clustering on walls, automobiles, and equipment. Ranged 1-20 on dairy cattle
at Anderson, Shasta County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

MOSQUITOES - TEXAS - Early flights of Culex salinarius and Aedes sollicitans

March 2 and 6. Adults numerous at Sabine Pass. Landing rate 30 per minute March
19. One Culex restuans in light trap. Anopheles crucians numerous in light trap.
Culiseta inornata active throughout March. (Jefferson County Mosq. Cont. Dist.).

BLACK FLIES - GEORGIA - Heavy; serious nuisance to cattle in Spalding and Long
Counties. (Snoddy).

SCREW-WORM (Cochliomyia hominivorax) - No cases reported in U.S. April 12-18.
Total of 81 cases reported in portion of Barrier Zone in Republic of Mexico as
follows: Sonora 59, Chihuahua 4, Coahuila 1, Tamaulipas 17. Total of 10 cases
reported in Mexico south of Barrier Zone. Barrier Zone is area where eradication
operation underway to prevent establishment of self-sustaining population in
U.S. Sterile screw-worm flies released; Texas 8,858,000; Mexico 140,100,000.
(Anim. Health Div.).

CATTLE GRUBS (Hypoderma spp.) - NORTH DAKOTA - Grubs 1-9 (averaged 5.6) per
animal on 52 percent of 21 head at Dickinson, Stark County. Grubs 1-5 (averaged
2.7) per animal on 49 percent of 53 head at Bottineau, Bottineau County. No
grubs on 32 head at Minot, Ward County. (Brandvik, Kaatz). WYOMING - H. bovis
(northern cattle grub) larvae emerged April 8 from 3 calves at Gillette, Campbell
County. H. lineatum (common cattle grub) emergence peaked from 3 calves at
Gillette, Campbell County, last half of February. Emergence began February 3 and
ended last week of March. (Lloyd). COLORADO - H. lineatum averaged 6 per head on
untreated cattle from rangeland in north-central area. (Hantsbarger, Apr. 10).
OKLAHOMA - H. lineatum adults active in many areas. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).
TENNESSEE - H. Llineatum grubs 2.5 per head on 4 of 38 cattle in Giles County
week ending April 10. (Edwards et al.).

A DARKLING BEETLE (Tribolium madens) - IDAHO - Thousands of adults moving out of
infested alfalfa leafcutting bee nests at Wilder, Canyon County. Damaged 90 per-
cent of nearly 150 bee boards. (Homan).

AMERICAN DOG TICK (Dermacentor variabilis) - MARYLAND - First adults of season
on dog at Fairland, Montgomery County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).

FOWL TICK (Argas persicus) - NEW MEXICO - Problem on chicken flocks in Socorro
County. (Armijo).

BROWN RECLUSE SPIDER (Loxosceles reclusa) - TENNESSEE - Specimen collected in
Giles County for a new county record. (Edwards, Johnson, et al.). MISSOURI -
Specimen collected in Clarence, Shelby County, April 6 for a new county record.
(Craig).

- 284 -

HOUSEHOLDS AND STRUCTURES

BROWN SPIDER BEETLE (Ptinus clavipes) - IOWA - Collected from a farm home at
Manchester, Delaware County, for a new county record. (Gunderson).

EASTERN SUBTERRANEAN TERMITE (Reticulitermes flavipes) - WEST VIRGINIA - Swarms
observed around several homes-in Kanawha County April 16. (Cole).

STORED PRODUCTS

WHITE-MARKED SPIDER BEETLE (Ptinus fur) - MINNESOTA - Heavy in animal feed plant
in Otter Tail County. Believed to have started from weed screenings moved into
building. (Minn. Pest. Rpt.).

BENEFICIAL INSECTS

CONVERGENT LADY BEETLE (Hippodamia convergens) - TENNESSEE - Adults increased in
small grain and alfalfa fields. (Gordon). ARKANSAS - One adult taken in 100
sweeps of alfalfa in Washington County; counts lower than previously noted.
(Boyer). Unspecified adults 15-20 per 100 sweeps of alfalfa in Mississippi
County. (Dumas).

DAMSEL BUGS (Nabis spp.) - ARKANSAS - Adults active in northwest and northeast
areas; no reproduction. (Boyer, Dumas).

A BIG-EYED BUG (Geocoris punctipes) - ARKANSAS - Occasional adult taken on alfalfa
in Washington County. (Boyer

FEDERAL AND STATE PLANT PROTECTION PROGRAMS

CARIBBEAN FRUIT FLY (Anastepha suspensa) - FLORIDA - Populations remain low;
however, increases indicated in few areas. McPhail traps used in selected areas
to detect early buildups in commercial citrus. (PPD South. Reg., Mar.).

CEREAL LEAF BEETLE (Oulema melanopus) - OHIO - Adults 3 per 100 sweeps on 4-inch
wheat in Franklin County. (Forrester, Apr. 14). Oats in central area expected to
be hit hardest and to greater extent than in 1969. (Roach).

EUROPEAN CRANE FLY (Tipula paludosa) - WASHINGTON - Confirmed in 13 positive
locations in Whatcom County. Cooperative surveys continuing south and east of
Blaine. (PPD, Wash. Dept. of Agric.).

GIANT AFRICAN SNAIL (Achatina fulica) - FLORIDA - Survey during March limited to
counting live and dead Snails on infested properties. Fourteenth treatment
applied March 23-24. (PPD South. Reg.).

GRASSHOPPERS - CALIFORNIA - Third and fourth instars of Oedaleonotus enigma
15-50 per square yard on native grasslands at Coalinga, Fresno County. Area
borders cultivated crops. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). IDAHO - O. enigma and Dissosteira
carolina hatching, averaging less than 1 per square yard, in Indian Cove and
Bruneau area, Owyhee County. (Evans). OKLAHOMA - Hatching in rangeland areas of
Major, Woodward, Blaine, Kiowa, Comanche, Stephens, and Jefferson Counties.
First and second instars of Ageneotettix deorum and 2 Melanoplus species seen.
(Okla. Coop. Sur.).

IMPORTED FIRE ANT (Solenopsis saevissima richteri) - MISSISSIPPI - Light on farm
at New Site, Prentiss County, for a new county record. Collected by Wilson and
Gregory April 14. Determined by V.H. Owens; confirmed by D.R. Smith. (PPD).
LOUISIANA - Appraisal survey revealed 550,000 acres need re-treating in Bossier
City, Bossier Parish, and Shreveport, Caddo Parish. TEXAS - Survey of area
adjacent to infestation in Louisiana negative. (PPD South. Reg., Mar.). Light on
roadside at Riomedina, Medina County, for a new county record. Collected by H.L.
Bales April 9. Determined by V.H. Owens; confirmed by D.R. Smith. (PPD).

- 285 -

JAPANESE BEETLE (Popillia japonica) - NORTH CAROLINA - Grubs heavy in soil at
Raleigh-Durham Airport; averaged 4 per square foot in soil at Smith-Reynolds
Airport, Winston-Salem, Forsyth County. (PPD South. Reg., Mar.). WEST VIRGINIA -
Up to 22 larvae per square foot of sod April 13 in Fayette County lawns.
(Hacker).

MEXICAN FRUIT FLY (Anastrepha ludens) - TEXAS - One female recovered from trap
in Hidalgo County March 24. This is lowest recovery for March since 1957-1958
season. (PPD South. Reg.).

PINK BOLLWORM (Pectinophora gossypiella) - CALIFORNIA - Release of 3,285,000
sterile moths in Coachella Valley April 10-16. First release of 243,000 sterile
moths in Bakersfield area, San Joaquin Valley, April 15. (PPD).

WEST INDIAN SUGARCANE ROOT BORER (Diaprepes abbreviatus) - FLORIDA - State
personnel surveyed 1,807 acres in regulated area in Orange County during March.
One live and two dead beetles recovered from check block. (PPD South. Reg.).

WHITE-FRINGED BEETLES (Graphognathus spp.) - GEORGIA - Light in tobacco field in
Lanier County. (Strickland, French). MISSOURI - Two Graphognathus sp. larvae
collected at Portageville, New Madrid County, April 9 for first Iarvae of season.
(Thompson).

WHITE GARDEN SNAIL (Theba pisana) - CALIFORNIA - Six treated blocks completed
two-thirds of third bait application. Three surveyed blocks completed 80.2
percent of survey phase. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

WOOLLY WHITEFLY (Aleurothrixus floccosus) - CALIFORNIA - Second treatment within
Inner Zone at San Diego, San Diego County, completed. About 20 percent of third
treatment completed. Second treatment made to 216 fewer properties than in first,
due primarily to trees removed from properties or highway rights-of-way. (Cal.
Coop. Rpt.).

HAWAII INSECT REPORT

Turf and Pasture - Larvae of a GRASS WEBWORM (Herpetogramma licarsisalis) light,

3 per square foot, in pasture of Kikuyu grass at Haiku, Maui. Trace to light,

0.5 per square foot, at Waihee; no noticeable damage. Adults generally light in
golf course and pastures on windward Oahu; larvae trace. (Miyahira, Ah Sam,et al.).
Larvae of LAWN ARMYWORM (Spodoptera mauritia acronyctoides) light to moderate, 5
per square foot, at Mililani Memorial Park, Oahu. (Kawamura).

General Vegetables - GREENHOUSE WHITEFLY (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) heavy in
0.75 acre of Snap beans at Captain Cook, Hawaii, despite intenSive Sprays. As
many aS 500 adults and pupae per mature leaf. (Kobayashi).

Ornamentals - HAWAIIAN THRIPS (Taeniothrips hawaiiensis) heavy, over 100 adults and
nymphs per blossom, in backyard gardeniasS at Hilo, Hawaii. (Yoshioka).

Beneficial Insects - A BRACONID WASP (Agathis sp., near cincta), introduced from
Texas in 1965 and released on Oahu to control KIAWE FLOWER MOTH (Ithome con-
colorella), subsequently recovered at Ewa and Waianae, Gahu. Recovered for first
time on Kauai from field collected I. concolorella although no releases made on
this island. (Sugawa). x

- 286 -

DETECTION

New County Records - ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) TEXAS - Colorado, Falls,
Frio, McLennan, Milam, Zavala (p.-278). BROWN RECLUSE SPIDER (Loxosceles reclusa)
TENNESSEE - Giles; MISSOURI - Shelby (p. 283). BROWN SPIDER BEETLE (Ptinus
clavipes) IOWA - Delaware (p. 284). IMPORTED FIRE ANT (Solenopsis saevissima
richteri) MISSISSIPPI - Prentiss; TEXAS - Medina (p. 284). A MEALYBUG Pseudo-
coccus aberrans) CALIFORNIA - Kern (p. 282).

LIGHT TRAP COLLECTIONS

FLORIDA - Gainesville, 4/10-16, BL - Beet armyworm (Spodoptera exigua) 4, black
cutworm (Agrotis ipsilon) 2, granulate cutworm (Feltia Subterranea) 7, salt-—

marsh caterpillar (EStigmene acrea) 1, tobacco budworm (Heliothis virescens) 1,
variegated cutworm (Peridroma Saucia) 4, yellow-striped armyworm (Prodenia
ornithogalli) 1. MISSISSIPPI -— Stoneville, 4/10-16, 2BL, 46-80°F., precip. 1.6 -
Armyworm (Pseudaletia unipuncta) 202, black cutworm 11, salt-marsh caterpillar
106, variegated cutworm 59, yellow-striped armyworm 3. MISSOURI - Portageville,
4/11-17 - Armyworm 3; Platte County, 4/10-15 - Armyworm 3. TEXAS - Waco, 4/10-16,
BL - Armyworm 153, beet armyworm 2, black cutworm 24, cabbage looper (Trichoplusia
ni) 2, corn earworm (Heliothis zea) 2, granulate cutworm 15, variegated cutworm
66, yellow-striped armyworm 5.

CORRECTIONS

CEIR 20(16):271 - Utehthesia pulchella should be Utethesia pulchella.

Weather of the week continued from page 276.

As the weekend approached the big storm moved northeastward into Canada. The
weekend brought another Snowstorm to the northern Great Plains and heavy thunder-
storms and killer tornadoes to the South. At midnight Saturday, 17 inches of snow
lay on the ground at Rapid City and 1 to 3 feet elsewhere in the Black Hills.

The cold front set off numerous severe thunderstorms and tornadoes from Texas to
Illinois and Kentucky from late Friday to Sunday afternoon. Tornadoes in the Texas
Panhandle late Friday and early Saturday killed 22 persons and injured 200

others. Early Sunday afternoon a tornado ripped through Corinth, Mississippi,
killed 5 persons, injured 78, and destroyed 100 residences. Other tornado reports
came from Missouri, Arkansas, Louisiana, Illinois, Kentucky, and Tennessee.

TEMPERATURE: Cold northerly winds kept the temperatures down over the West last
week. Temperatures averaged below normal from the Pacific Ocean to the upper and
middle Mississippi River Valley and in the South to western Texas. A large area
from the Great Basin to the northern and central Great Plains averaged 9° to 15°
colder than normal. Maximums in the southwestern deserts remained in the high
60's and low 70's on 1 or 2 days, and at midweek in the central portions of
Arizona and New Mexico dropped to the freezing mark. Butte, Montana, registered
7° Thursday morning. This was one of the coldest temperatures of the week. The
weekend brought slightly warmer temperatures to the Far Northwest and cooler
weather to the Northeast. Above-normal average temperatures prevailed from central
Texas to Lower Michigan and eastward to the Atlantic Ocean except the middle
Atlantic coast averaged slightly below normal. Parts of the Deep South averaged
3° to 7° warmer than normal. The highest temperatures of the year occurred at
Catulla and Laredo, Texas, Saturday when the mercury reached 100°. Maximums near
or above 80° were common along the Gulf of Mexico on almost every day of the
week and minimums were above freezing south of a line from southern Iowa to
southern Pennsylvania. (Summary supplied by Environmental Data Service, ESSA.)

Boll Weevil Survival Surveys - Spring 1970

Spring collections of surface ground (woods) trash samples (two square yards per
Sample) have been completed in six Scuthern States. Wherever possible, samples
were taken from the same locations that were Sampled in the fall of 1969. The
number of boll weevil (Anthonomus grandis) adults per acre of ground trash
examined and the percent Survival are reported in the following paragraphs. For
details of the fall (1969) hibernation survey in these six States, see CEIR
203) i723 =3'3)

In NORTH and SOUTH CAROLINA, samples were taken March 18 through April 8 in the
same four representative areas in which examinations were made in fall 1969.

In each area 30 locations (farm sites) were sampled with 3 samples being taken
at each location. The areas are as follows: South-central South Carolina
(Orangeburg, Dorchester, and Bamberg Counties), Coastal Plain of South and North
Carolina (Florence, Darlington, and Marlboro Counties, S.C., and Scotland County,
N.C.), Piedmont section of South and North Carolina (Greenville, Anderson, and
Spartanburg Counties, S.C., and Mecklenburg, Cleveland, and Union Counties, N.C.),
and North-central North Carolina (Northampton, Nash, Wilson, and Edgecombe
Counties). The average number of live weevils per acre in these areas was 188,
188, 108, and 108, respectively. Percent survival for these areas was 4.0, 4.1,
3.4, and 3.0, respectively. Percent survival was lowest in North-central North
Carolina and highest in the Coastal Plain of South and North Carolina. In
Florence County, South Carolina, an average of 323 weevils per acre was found
for the spring of 1970, with a winter Survival of 5.4 percent. The number of
weevils surviving in Floren@ée County is the lowest since 1940. (Taft, Hopkins).

Survey in TENNESSEE was made in Hardeman, Fayette, McNairy, and Hardin Counties.
Spring samples were taken under adverse weather conditions during the last week of
March. No samples were taken this Spring in the Tennessee River Bottom as the area
where fall samples were taken had been flooded. Spring counts indicate an average
of 605 live weevils per acre, a Survival of 33 percent. This compares with 2,420
weevils per acre and a 32-percent Survival in spring 1969. Although the number of
weevils per acre is lower this spring, there is a large enough population to
result in much damage if conditions are favorable for a buildup. The critical
period will be about the first week of July. (Locke).

Collections in MISSISSIPPI were started March 9 and all examinations completed by
March 16. Three samples were taken at each location, and 7 or 8 locations were
sampled in each county. Each area was made up of 2 counties and the State was
divided into the following 4 areas: Area 1 - South Delta (Sharkey and Yazoo
Counties), Area 2 - Central Delta (Washington and Leflore Counties), Area 3 -
North Delta (Coahoma and Panola Counties), and Area 4 - Hill Section (Holmes and
Monroe Counties). Forty-five samples were taken from 15 locations in each of the
4 areas. The average number of weevils per acre in Areas 1, 2, 3, and 4 was 270,
0, 270, and 378, respectively. The State average was 229 compared with 810 in
1969, 540 in 1968, 1,525 in 1967, 1,425 in 1966, 995 in 1965, 289 in 1964, 13

in 1963, and 1,132 in 1962. The State average percent survival was 7.39 compared
with 29.27 in 1969, 8.57 in 1968, 51.60 in 1967, 19.45 in 1966, 22.19 in 1965,
9.68 in 1964, 0.2 in 1963, and 13.59 in 1962. (Pfrimmer).

Collections in northeast LOUISIANA were made March 9-24. Collections were made

at 45 locations in the 5-parish area as follows: Madison 20 locations, Tensas

10 locations, and 5 locations each in East Carroll, West Carroll, and Richland
Parishes. A total of 135 samples was taken. The average number of weevils per
acre of trash was 1,453 in Madison Parish, 1,271 in Tensas Parish, 161 in East
Carroll Parish, 161 in West Carroll Parish, and 484 in Richland Parish, or an
average of 1,044 for the 5-parish area. Based on the 3,557 live boll weevil
adults found per acre of ground trash in the fall of 1969, winter survival in the

- 287 -

- 288 -

5-parish area was 29 percent. In Madison Parish there have been 10 years since
1945 that the number of weevils per acre was lower than in Spring 1970. The total
rainfall recorded in the area from November 24, 1969, to March 24, 1970, the
period between the fall and spring ground trash collections, was 19.84 inches.

In this same period there were 40 days when the minimum temperature was 32° or
below and 13 days when the minimum temperature was 25° or less. The lowest
temperature recorded was 15° on January 9. There were 4 days when the maximum
temperature did not exceed 32°. (Cleveland et al.).

In central TEXAS, spring collections were begun March 11 and completed March 27

in Falls, Hill, Limestone, and McLennan Counties. Three samples were taken from
each location and 6 or 7 locations were sampled in each county; 75 samples were
taken from 25 locations in the 4 counties. The average number of weevils found per
acre was 403 in Falls County, 403 in Hill County, 134 in Limestone County, and 115
in McLennan County, with an area average of 258. This compared with 1,210, 2,688,
1,075, and 1,613 found in these respective counties in the fall of 1969, with an
area average of 1,647 weevils per acre. Percent survival for 1970 was 15.7 com-
pared with 70 in 1969, 14.4 in 1968, 26.5 in 1967, 24.8 in 1966, 100 in 1965, 18.8
in 1964, 25.4 in 1963, 33.1 in 1962, 33.7 in 1961, and 31.1 in 1960. In the 11
years the survey has been conducted, only in 1964 was the indicated spring surviv-
al lower than in 1970. Fewer weevils were found in the spring of 1970 than any
year except 1964. Percent survival was lower in 1970 than any year except i968.
Winter weather waS mild with subfreezing temperatures on only 23 days. A minimum
of 18° was recorded on January 7. Rainfall for the period December 1, 1969,
through March 27, 1970, totaled 11.38 inches, or 1.85 inches above normal for the
period. (Cowan).

- 289 -

BOLL WEEVIL SURVIVAL SURVEYS - SPRING 1970

Number of Weevils

per Acre

Area (County and State) 1969 1970
NORTH and SOUTH CAROLINA
South-central South Carolina (Orangeburg, Bamberg, and

Dorchester Counties). 403 188
Coastal Plain of South and North Carolina (Florence,

Darlington, and Marlboro Counties, $,C., Scotland

County2 N.C.) eee} 188
Piedmont of South and North Carolina (Anderson,

Greenville, and Spartanburg Counties, S.C.;

Mecklenburg, Cleveland, and Union Counties, N.C.). 780 108
North-central North Carolina (Nash, Wilson, Edgecombe,

and Northampton Counties). 161 108
TENNESSEE
McNairy, Hardin, Hardeman, and Fayette Counties 726 605
MISSISSIPPI
South Delta (Sharkey and Yazoo Counties (area 1)). 2,106 270
Central Delta (Washington and Leflore Counties (area 2)). 648 )
North Delta (Coahoma and Panola Counties (area 3)). 54 270
Hill Section (Holmes and Monroe Counties (area 4)). 432 378
LOUISIANA
Northeastern (Madison, Tensas, East Carroll,

West Carroll, and Richland Parishes). 2,133 1,044

TEXAS

Central (Falls, Hill, Limestone, and McLennan Counties). 2,842 258

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- 290 -

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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
Hyattsville, Maryland 20782

OFFICIAL-BUSINESS

POSTAGE & FEES PAID
United States Department of Agriculture

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