* UMASS/AMHERST * 312066 0340 7308 3 DDDDnnnnDDDDnDDDDDDDDDDDDDannnnD D D D D D D D D D D a a o o a a D a a a D D D D D D D D n D D D D D O D D n D D D D D D D D D D D D D o' a^^s^ *£RST^ UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS LIBRARY a D D D D D D D a D a D a D a a a a o D D D D D D D D n D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D a D D DDDannDaDDDaoanDnDDDnDDDDDDaDDnD PRESENTING AN $8,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY food APE COD MEW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON May, 1945 f<, j.FRANliLlN S. CHAMBERS, .President Growers Cranberry Company 25 years 25 cent* — + FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 18 9 5-1945 ' A Tribute to the pioneers who organized the first Cranberry Cooperative: THEODORE BUDD JOSEPH J. WHITE A. H. GILLINGHAM E. H. DURELL E. Z. COLLINGS CHARLES W. WILKINSON ANDREW J. RIDER JOSEPH EVANS RICHARD HARRISON JOSHUA WILLS Growers Cranberry Company, Inc. PEMBERTON. NEW JERSEY We Reverence Our Dead And pledge ourselves to the realization that our heartfelt tribute to those who have died in our cause is not the goal of this Memorial Day — ^the end of the quest will come only when a lasting PEACE is achieved. BUY MORE BONDS IN THE MIGHTY 7TH WAR LOAN i-j Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin ■MM Whittling Down Costs... Stepping Up Returns That's what CCI has been doing year after year. Here is a 4-year record of our net sales and the returns to growers. Year after year, as we have cut corners, whit- tled down costs, and increased efficiency, our expenses have lessened and the returns to members have in- creased. Year Endincr May 31 Net Sales Returned to Members for Berries & Dividend % of Sales Dollar Returned To Members 1941 $3,575,060.97 $1,360,439.88 38% 1942 5,343,729.40 2,231,633.91 41% 1943 7,010,804.17 8,360,138.29 47% 1944 5,447,084.69 2,889,138.43 52% Remember in a cooperative there is no profit. After paying for cans, sugar, cases, labor, and the other ex- penses connected with cranberry pi-ocessing, the net earnings are divided among members according to their patronage. According to latest information, members of CCI receive a larger share of their cooperative' s sales dollar than is returned by any ather cooperative processor in the country. Are You Sharing in These Benefits? CRANBERRY CANNERS, Inc. The Growers' Cooperative Canning Company Hanson, Mass. Coquillc, Oregon Markham, Wash. Onset, Mass. New Egypt, N. J. Bordentown, N. J. Plymouth. Mass. North Chicago, ill. Gurnee, III. Dennis, Mass, No. Harwich, Mass. Long Beach, Wash. SERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUStRY] ADAMS & BEAN CO. Lumber Dealers "Everything Under Cover" East Wareham, Mass. Tel. Wareham 648 Building Material for Bog, Sereenhouse and Home Uses Paints - Hardware Marinette & Menominee Box Co. Marinette, Wisconsin BOXES, BOX SHOCKS, CRATING WIREBOUND BOXES AND CRATES M & M's 64th Year Serving the Wisconsin Cranberry Growers CROP-SAVER brand INSECTICIDES FUNGICIDES For the Cranberry Grower CROP-SAVER CHEMICAL COMPANY, Inc. 2630 West Arthington St. Chicago 12, Illinois Cape & Vineyard Electric Company Offices : Chatham Falmouth Hyannis Vineyard Haven Established 1848 Hall & Cole Incorporated Commission Merchants and Jobbers 94 Faneuil Hall Market 102 BOSTON, MASS. APPLES AND CRANBERRIES SPECIALTIES Car Lot Receivers The National Bank of Wareham Wareham, Mass. MEMBER FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION E. T. Cault Transportation Co. Wareham, Mass. Tel. 227 We are ready to give you any kind of cranberry bog construction service. Shovel — bulldozer — • trucking — stump pulling — excavating — draghauling — canal and ditch digging. We have Sand, Loam and Gravel We Transport Cranberries Wood County National Bank Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin MEMBER FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION COLLEY CRANBERRY CO. PLYMOUTH, MASS. DISTRIBUTORS OF Cape Cod Cranberries SUITS--US BRAND DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS QUALITY and SERVICE —That's Us— Mathews Conveyor Track - RID - POISON IVY SPRAY HARDIE SPRAYERS ROOT DUSTERS INSECTICIDES, CHEMICALS HOSE, RODS, GUNS Frost Insecticide Co. Box 36 Arlington 74 Mass. Contact Us Massachusetts Native White Pine Used for Cranberry Boxes F. H. COLE Established 1707 Manufacturer of Wooden Boxes and Shooks North Carver, Mass. Tel. 46-5 MASSACHUSETTS Call WAREHAM 162 S. G. M, Packard & Go. Hardware — Locksmiths For Maintenance Supplies Diesel Bulldozer E. C. HOWES WEST WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. Wareham 405-W-2 Experienced in Bog Work NIAGARA SPRAYER and CHEMICAL CO., Inc. Middleport, N. Y. Manufacturers of Lead Arsenate, Rotenone Products, as well as a full line of dusting machinery. Complete line of Insecticides, both for dusting- and spraying. Serving Western Cranberry Growers with High Quality Products Rotenone Pyrethrum Sabadilla Nicotine Copper Sprays Oil Sprays Lime Sulphur Solution l^iller Products Company Portland 1, Oregon RAIN BIRD SPRINKLERS Pioneers in Cranberry Frost Protection i and Irrigation Data from Rain Bird Sprinider Mtg. Co. Glendora, Calif. L R. ^elson l\iig. lo. Peoria, 111. Oregon — Washington R. M. WADE OREGON CULVERT & PIPE Portland, Oregon Military Procurement, Dehydrated Cranberries To Be 100,000 Bbls. Army Service Forces Office of Quartermaster General Washington 25, D. C. 2 April, 1945 Mr. Clarence J. Hall Editor, Cranberries, Wareham, Massachusetts Dear Mr. Hall: Reference is made to your let- ter of 19 March 1945, which was concerned with an inquiry relat- ing to the Army's Dehydrated Cranberry Program for the fiscal year 1946, which commences 1 July 1945. The actual requirements for dehydrated cranberries to meet military demands were announced as 1,788,000 pounds at the annual meeting of the National Dehy- drators Association at the Hotel Sherman, Chicago, on 6 Febru- ary. As indicated to the cranberry growers on several previous oc- casions, the War Department does not wish to disrupt the cianberry industry any more than possible. However, it must be I'ecognized that our country is engaged in warfare on a scale never before witnessed and, ac- for;">ino' y. normal peacetime bus- iness methods cannot be expect- ea to continue without change under such conditions. After careful consideration of the facts tearing on the case, it has been decided that the Quartermaster Corps will procure 1,000,000 pounds of dehydrated cranber- ries (which will represent ap- proximately 100,000 barrels of fre^h cranberries) for use by the Army and by the Navy. This figure, it is felt, is a rea- sonable and a fair one, based on rast production records by the Crpnberry Industry and, accord- ingly, sufficient cranberries to meet this loquirement must be (Continued on Page 16) CHIPMAN INSECTICIDES and WEED KILLERS for Cranberry Growers Hi-Test Lead Arsenate Has unexcelled guaranteed con- tent of not less than 32.50% ar- senic pentoxide and not more than 0.35% water soluble arsenic. This is your assurance of maximum killing power plus greater safety to fruit and foliage. Alorco Cryolite Very effective fluorine insecticide with extremely fine particles. Makes a good dust or spray for control of fruit worms. P— C— H Dust A new organic contact insecticide. Has proved effective against many agricultural insects for which py- rethrum has been used. Leaves no poisonous residue. Cubor (Rotenone) Dusts High quality assures good dust- ability, uniform coverage, and maximum killing power. Available in strengths of .50% and .75% rotenone. Berako ( Rotenone ) Liquid A water miscible spray, contain- ing extracted rotenone plus wet- ting and penetrating agent. Dry Sodium Arsenate Used in cranberry weed control. Dry Sodium Arsenite This powerful arsenical is recom- menced as a spray to kill ditch weeds. It is readily soluble in water. Atlacide Weed Killer The safer chlorate weed killer. Famous for its dependable control of both perennial and annual weeds. Kills weed roots. May be applied as a spray or in dry form. Write for information CHIPMAN CHEMICAL CO. Bound Brook, N. J. N. E. Sales Members Instruct the Directors to Call Special Meeting This Will Be After Survey Report, Ruel S. Gibbs, Retiring as President, Is Succeeded by Ellis D. Atwood. Members of the New England Cranberry Sales Company at the 38th annual meeting, Carver town hall, April 20th, conducted the us- ual business and, in an unusual vote, instructed the directors to call a special meeting- of directors, with all members to be invited to attend, to come after the survey report of Booz, Al'en & Hamilton at New York on April 23rd and 24th to directors of the American Cranberry Exchange and to Cran- berry Canners. They elected com- pany directors and nominated di- rectors of the Exchange, and at the executive meeting of directors following, elected Ellis D. Atwood president, succeeding Ruel S. Gibbs. At this directors' meeting, Mr. Gibbs, who has served the com- pany as president for the past five years, stated he wished to with- draw from the position because of his health, and this was accepted with regret. George I. Short, who has been a director for the past 15 years, was made vice president, other officers remaining in their respective positions. The unusual vote at the meeting to hold a special meeting of direc- tors with members attending, came about from a motion of Russell A. Trufant, bringing up the matter of GROSSMAN'S A HALF CENTURY OF SERVICE Building Materials Paints Hardware Tel. New Bedford 5-7438 27 Ashley Boulevard considering changes in the policies of the handling of berries for can- ning. There was lengthy discus- sion on this matter, those taking most active part being Mr. Short in particular, and Walter E. Row- ley who, at a meeting some time ago, had raised questions concern- ing these certain policies as relat- ing to all members concerned. John C. Makepeace and Russell Makepeace were other speakers in the debate. So much time was used in this discussion that balloting for di- rectors and nominations to the Ex- change, usually taken up before lunch, was not held until aftei'noon, and results of this voting were not tallied and announced until fiive o'clock. The results were: Company Directors: District 1, (Hanson, Pembroke, Marshfield, Duxbury, Kingston, Plympton) — Fred L. Bailey, Kenneth G. Gar- side, George E. Short, Paul E. Thompson; district 2 (Plymouth) — L. B. R. Barker, George Briggs, Harrison Goddard, Edward B. Grif- fith, Robert C. Hammond; district 3 (Middleboro) — John G. Howes, Albert A. Thomas; district 4 (Car- ver)— El is D. Atwood, Prank H. Cole, Ruel S. Gibbs, Homer L. Gibbs, Carroll Griffith, Bernard E. Shaw, Kenneth E. Shaw, Russell Trufant, Homer Weston; district 5 (Assonet, Freetown, Lakeville, Rochester, Taunton and Marion) — A. D. Benson, George A. Cowen, Herbert B. Dustin, Nahum Morse; district 6 (Wareham) — E. L. Bar- tholomew, Arthur E. Bullock, Carleton Hammond, J. C. Make- peace; district 7 (Barnstable County) — J. Foxcroft Carleton, Wil iani Crowell, Louis A. Crow- ell, Russell Makepeace, Walter E. Rowley. Directors of the American Ex- change: Ellis D. Atwood, LeBaron R. Barker, Arthur D. Benson, Geo. (Continued on Page 9) ROBERT LENARI Real Estator Reed Avenue - - Manomet, Macs. Tel. Manomet 44-R Specializing in the Purchase and Sale of Cranberry Properties Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK At Screenhouaaaj. Bogs and Pumps Meana SatiafactloD ALFRED PAPPI WAREHAM, MASS. Tsl. 626 Four Issue of May, 1945 — Vol. 10, No. 1 Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop, Main St., Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscription $2. BO per year. Entered as second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post office at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3, 1879. FRESH FROM THE FIELDS By C J. H. MASSACHUSETTS "This is the most advanced spring that I have known in my 35 years of cranberry experience". Dr. Franklin told growers. "The near- est comparable to it was in 1910, and I remember looking at buds then late in April and there was not nearly the advance there is now." The season is. estimated from certainly three weeks to a full month or even five weeks ahead. March had been the warm- est month on record. Buds were broken open and new growth start- ed by mid- April; as April ended buds were beginning to develop under late-held water; it was esti- mated that many bogs would be in bloom during the early days of May. ITUnusual Frost Situation — Such a situation has the growers in an unusual predicament. With the end of April finding bogs, in many instances, as far along as they ordinarily are just prior to May 30, consequently with blooming not far ahead, if the usual May frosts come the problem to be faced is whether to risk frost injury by not flooding or to let the water on and risk blasting of prospects by the water. Growers are caressing their lucky pieces, hoping against the law of averages that May will be an easy May for frosts. Such could conceivably be the case with the season so unseasonably far along. But just as easily there could be the usual frost nights. HMuch Water Used — Complicat- ing the situation is the fact that whereas water supplies in general were up April first, a number of heavy flowings during the month greatly reduced supplies. Many growers had but two or three good flows left un'ess supplies were re-^ plenished. There was also much' loss in pond and reservoir level during the month, aside from the water drawn for frost protection. There was much evaporation and the water table is still low from the drought of the past two years, (Continued on Pa^e 14) Survey Report Received In New York— Considered by Committee At meetings in New York April 23 and 24, Cranberry Canners, Inc. and American Cranberry Exchange were formally presented with the survey report of these cooperatives, respectively and of the industry as a whole, and after this the following concise joint statement was issued: Last summer, the American Cranberry Exchange and Cran- berry Canners, Inc. joined in employing a business engineering flrm to make a thorough study of the entire cranberry incustry, and to bring in its findings and recommendations. During the intervening- months such a study has been mad.e, in the course of which cranberry growers in all areas, and others interested, have been interviewed. A comprehensive and detailed report was delivered to the two boards of directors on April 23 and 24. A joint committee of eight persons, composed of the executive heads of the two cooperatives and a delegate from Massachusetts, New Jersey and Wisconsin for each cooperative is to be formed to study this report and to make recommendations to the two companies. On this committee, as the executive heads, are M. L. Urann, Can- ners, and C. M. Chaney, Exchange, and representing Cranberry Canners, J. C. Makepeace, Wareham; Isaac Harrison, New Jersey, Charles L. Lewis, Wisconsin. The representatives of the Exchange were being chosen in directors' meetings of the three state companies. This report from the survey firm of Booz, Allen & Hamilton of New York is under- stood to consist of several hundreds of pages and the reading of it alone in New York required a number of hours. Ellis D. Atwood Heads American Cranberry Exchange Annual Members meeting of American Cranberry Exchange in New York on April 24th elected di- rectors and officers, executive and advertising committee, were elect- ed at the directors meeting held the same day. Ellis D. Atwood, president N. E. Sales was chosen president, other elections being: Directors: Ellis D. Atwood, South Carver, Mass.; L. B. R. Bar- ker, Buzzards Bay, Mass.; A. D. Benson, Middleboro, Mass.; Ber- nard C. Brazeau, Wisconsin Rapids, Wis.; Theodore H. Budd, Pember- ton, N. J.; F. S. Chambers, New Lisbon, N. J.; C. M. Chaney, New York, N. Y.; George A. Cowen, Middleboro, Mass.; Edward Crabbe, Toms River, N. J.; Homer L. Gibbs, West Wareham, Mass.; Har- rison Goddard, Plymouth, Mass.; Isaac Harrison, Crosswicks, N. J.; Albert Hedler, Phi'lips, Wis.; J. C. Makepeace, Wareham, Mass.; Guy N. Potter, Camp Douglas, Wis. OflJicers: President, Ellis D. At- wood, South Carver, Mass.; 1st Vice President, J. C. Makepeace, Wareham, Mass.; Vice President, Theodore H. Budd, Pembtrton, N. J.: Vice President, Albert Hedler, Phillips, Wis.; Executive Vice (Continued on Page 18) Five Golden Anniversary Jubilee, Growers Cranberry Company of New Jersey, Was A Grand Affair PRESIDENT FRANKLIN S. CHAMBERS, RESIGN. NG AFTER 25 YEARS OF SERVICE, IS SUCCEEDED irJY THEODORE H. BUDD, SR. Few Co-operatives in the United States, and no other coopeiative units in the cranberry industry have reached their fiftieth year, as has the Growers Cranberry Comprny, Inc., of New Jersey, v-hi.'h gloriously celebrated its Golden Jubilee anniversary at the Walt Whitman hotel, Camden, April 18th. Two presidents only have been at the helm since the incorporation, the late Joseph J. White, a great leader in cranberry affairs of the past century, hoU ing office from the incorporation in 1S95 until his death in 1920, and his son-in-law, Franklin S. Chambers, from then until now. This anniversary, as well as marking half a century of service to thf industry for Growers Cranberry Company, also marked the termination of Mr. Chambers as head, he requesting to be relieved. Theod.ore H. Budd, Sr., of Pemberton, who was second vice president, succeeds him, being chosen by the company directors at their annual meeting April 20. Growers Company Crop Marketed by C. W. Wilkinson C. W. WILKINSON Marketing the first and subse- quent crops of members of the Growers Cranberry Company, one of the signers of the original char- ter, and stockholder, and elected secretary and treasurer at the Philadelphia meeting in 1895, was C. W. Wilkinson, who, passing on in 1932, is vi'ell remembered by most of the older eastern cranberry growers. Mr. Wilkinson was one who helped shape the destinies of the industry in the period of be- ginning selling organization, both as a grower and a marketer of cranberries. The fruits of his ef- forts as a grower are still bearing for the industry, through the pro- duction of the Wilkinson bogs near Atsion, New Jersey, managed by Ralph B. Clayberger, his son-in- law. Mr. Clayberger likewise has made his impress upon the cran- berry business of recent and cur- rent times. It is a ti'uism that good can come out of the travail of war. If it had not been for the Civil War there might not have been any C. Wilkin- son's Sons, former famous produce house of Philadelphia, a name nostalgically familiar to older cranberry grovi'ers; C. Wilkinson's .'■on, Charles W., might never have had the opportunity of becoming an important Jersey grower and one of the principal organizers of the Growers Cranberry Company. Of course this might have come about through other circumstances, (Continued on Page 8) To the Golden Anniversary com- mittee, Ralph B. Clayberger, chair- man, Mr. Budd and William H. Reeves, must be accorded the high- est credit for making this anniver- sary affair a noteworthy milestone in the progress of the industry, and one which definitely gave no- tice that although New Jersey has in late years dropped in cranberry production, the cooperative unit is proud of its achievements of the past and confident of New Jersey's future. Mr. Clayberger's commit- tee gave the most meticulous atten- tion to the details necessary for such a function to be so successful. It was not to be forgotten by any attending. It was he'd in the grand ballroom of the hotel, with more than 150 attending, begin- ning at ten o'clock with an elabor- ate luncheon at one. No details were omitted, fi'om a handsomely-printed souvenir pro- gram with the cover in gold ink, photographs of the pioneers and present officers, with the little red "cranberry man" of the Eat- mor brand displayed, to cigarettes, souvenir gifts and flowers for the ladies at each table of the luncheon. A golden birthday cake was brought in and each member given a s'ice. Music was by the Philadelphia Male quartette. Clayberger Able Chairman Mr. Clayberger as chairman pre- sided skillfully, aftei' Mr. Cham- bers had conducted the business session of the meeting, and was toastmaster at the luncheon. Dur- ing this Mr. Chambers was pre- sented with a gold pen and pencil set in appreciation of his loyal and efficient service for 25 years, and appropriate gifts were given to Miss E. C. Becher, secretary-treas- Six JOSEPH W. WHITE urer, and her assistant, Miss M. C. Lambert. The address of the day was given by Dr. Raymond W. Mil'er, presi- dent of American Institute of Co- operatives. Dr. William M. Mar- tin, dean of the College of Agri- culture, Rutgers University, and director New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station, scheduled to speak, was unable to be present, as he was detained by hearings in Washington. New Jersey Com- missioner of Agriculture Gilbert Allen paid high ti-ibute to the co- operative and to the achievements of the cranberry growers of New Jersey, mentioning the New Jersey Cranberry Growers' Association, organized 1869.. Chambers' Address Mr. Chambers' President's Ad- dress of Welcome was: On this happy occasion, the fif- tieth anniversary of the organiza- tion of the Growers Cranberry Company, we are honored by the presence of distinguished guests, scientific advisers, and many other friends. Here are representatives of the Federal, State and County Agricu'tural Departments, The American Institute of Cooperation, the American Cranberry Exchange, Cranberry Canners, Inc., the Blue- berry Cooperative Association, and other organizations. It is encour- aging to see so many of our mem- bers present. To all of you and to the ladies I extend a most hearty welcome. Fifty years is a long time. The pioneers have all passed on, but to them belongs the honor of having ■ founded the first cooperative in our industry. ■ It was also the first agricultural cooperative in the state of New Jersey. The organ- izers lived to see the achievement ■';of many of their hopes and ideals. They established a reputation for high quality and uniformly of pack, and they welcomed to membership in the Growers Cranberry Com- pany some of the largest Cape Cod growers. The pioneers took a leading part in organizing the American Cran- berrv Exchange, in beginning na- tional advertising and the exten- sion of the cooperative movement to include a large proportion of the growers of all three states. They had the vision to give up their well established nrivate brands in favor of the Eatmor trade-mark and they i-ejoiced in the leadership and friendship of Arthur Chaney. The present directors of this company have endeavored to carry forward their high ideals and to conduct your business with fair- ness, impartiality, honesty and efficiency. Sixteen years ago a large num- ber of our members, together with other growers, about ninety per- sons in all, purchased Mrs. Lee's canning business and began the co- operative canning of New Jersey cranberries, under the name of Cranberry Products, Inc. The fol- lowing year this was merged with other canners to form Cranberry Canners, Inc., with whom the Growers Cranberry Company has a contract for processing cranber- ries of our members. The success- ful marketing of the large 1937 crop, the supplying of dehydrated berries tn the armed forces, and the excellent prices for both fresh and processed berries last year are striking examples of the benefits of cooperation. Next week the report of the re- cent survey of the cranberry in- dustry will be presented at a joint meeting of the American Cranberry Exchange and Cranberry Canners, Inc. Your Executive Committee has been invited to attend. The survey was made by men who have had much experience in suggest- ing improvements in the manage- ment of other business organiza- tions and the reports may include some suggestions for the Growers Cranberry Company. The inform- ation will be brought to your Di- rectors in the near future in order that they mav take whatever action seems advisable to improve the efficiency and the service rendered by your organization. We look forward to a new era of peace and prosperity in which cooperation will be of ever-increas- ing importance. With your loyal support we shall approach the new day with full confidence in the future of the Growers Cranberry Companv and of the other cooper- atives with which it is affiliated. As a wise man wrote of another birthday, "Let us consider every anniversary as the opening of a new chanter rather than the close of an old one, and our many years gone by as an accumulated capital THEODORE H. BUDD to invest in the years to come." Exchange Congratulations C. M. Chaney, condensing his annual report as general manager of the Exchange, recalled the for- mation of that organization, saying it had been his great pleasure to serve the organization and the state companies for 34 years, through war and through two de- pressions. He declared "I have no fear of the future." Referring to the coming year, he said he was optimistic, "we have no fear of not being able to sell any i-easonably- sized crop in 1945. We have al- ready accepted orders for 300,000 barrels and could have accepted orders for 400,000— that is how our trade feels tocay about cran- berries. E. Clyde McGrew, also reporting for the Exchange, paid a glowing tribute to the achieve- ments of the Growers Company, saying, "your crops have done well in the 'stormiest weather' of the years past. Long may you con- tinue to succeed and, to prosper. It is our duty and obligation to help in the rebuilding of the New Jersey industry. It must be con- ducted so that your young men who went away to war will find a better New Jersey industry when they return." He reported on in- secticides and, transportation, al- lotting especial emphasis to the new fungicide "Fermate", in which many Jersey leaders ai'e placing high hopes for better con- trol in the future of the Jersey rot problem.. Dr. Miller Dr. Miller's addi-ess, "The Co- operatives' Place in Agriculture", was serious and instructive, point- ing out the responsibilities of co- operatives, as well as the assets Seven of such bo( ies. The speaker, head of the walnut growers of Califor- nia and as president of the Amer- ican Co-operative Institute, with a profound knowledge of the co- operative system of today, left a message which his audience took to heart and wished had been more extended in the many aspects con- sicered. He said he was familiar with cranberries, and as a quasi- luxury food, cranberry problems were very similar to those of wal- nuts and the two crops often have the same ups and downs. He stated that of the few coop- eratives which had started 50 years ago, few were still in sur- vival. The cooperative idea, he continued, has become big, and its business is conducted in bilions. "We are now 'big business.' As such, we are the object of sharp scrutiny and. of jealousy." He stressed that for every right which had been granted a cooper- ative there was an obligation. "Rapid growth of cooperation has brought about too little thought upon the long-range aspects of the cooperative movement and the cooperative's place in the general economy. Co-operatives have been called selfish. Do not be selfish, or thoughtless of the rights of others. Keep strictly within the legal rights of your charter." He said cooperatives must take great- er interest in matters of public nature; rigidly adhere to all laws governing cooperatives; "make certain mother, wife and t aughter know what is going on in your af- faii's in the cooperative — in short, make it a family affair and,, fin- ally, make sure you understand yourself just what your co-oper- ative is and what are its rights and its obligations." Charles D. Makepeace, Williams- town, Mass., remembered by Jer- sey men as a former grower, touched upon earlier days in a brief and much appreciated talk, and John C. Makepeace of Ware- ham, Mass., told e'oquently of ear- lier events. He spoke of forgotten or little known aspects of the Grow- ers' Cranberry Company, relations of Massachusetts men to it, and of the start of the Exchange and of Cranberry Canners. He recalled Joseph J. White and the work of Mr. Wilkinson as selling agent, saying he had known nine of the men who founded the cooperative, now all passed on. Color movies of Massachusetts and Wisconsin cranberry scenes, "narrated" by Mr. Chaney, com- pleted the program. Election April 20th At the meeting of directors at Pemberton, Apri' 20th, the official resignation of Mr. Chambers was discussed with regret, and a fine tribute was paid by the board for his long years of service to the Eight company. He will continue to serve on the board and was to be a delegate at the Exchange in New York until his term expires. Besides the election of Mr. Budd as his successor, the following officers were named: first vice pres- ident, Isaac N. Harrison, Cross- wicks; second vice president, Ed- ward Crabbe, Toms River; third vice president, Joseph W. Darling- ton, Whitesbog; secretary-treas- urer, E. C. Becher, Pemberton; as- sistant, M. C. Lambeth, Pember- ton. Directors who had been elected at the meeting on the 18th were: Joseph Palmer, Enoch Bills, Mr. Budd, Mr. Darlington, Ezra Evans, James T. Holman, George Kelley. See History, page 18 Wilkinson (Continued from Page 6) but it did happen that the Civil War was the immediate cause for C. Wilkinson, then a larg-e Jersey farmer, to tran.sfer his main inter- ests from his farm near the Dela- ware to Philadelphia. C. Wilkinson (whose first name was Char'es, but who preferred his signature as merely "C. Wil- kinson"), when the Civil War broke out was conducting an extensive farm at Bridgeport on a tributary of the Delaware river below Phila- delphia. There he grew consider- able quantities of fruits and vege- tables and other products. There his four sons and three daughters were born. C. Wilkinson was one of those supplying Philadelphia with farm products. The war, even as wars do today, brought transportation difficulties and he found he was in prospect of being cut cT from his market. He foresightedly conceived the idea of opening a place of business for himse'f in Philadelphia to which he could not only transport his own produce but that of his local fellow producers as well. He solved the transportation problem by op- erating a boat line to Philadelphia on the Delaware. He opened his place of business there in 1861. The products of his and other farms nearby could be loaded on boats and brought up the Delaware to Philadelphia, running directly into Dock Creek and to a dock in front of his new produce house. This location eventually became 132-134 Dock street. From this location Wilkinson, and later with his sons conducted the important produce business from 1861 until the business was dissolved in 1939. The dissolution came about follow- ing the serious injury of Mr. C"ay- berger in an automobile accident, injuries from which he has now fortunately recovered and is again an active participant in Jersey cranberry affairs. At the time of its dissolution, C. Wilkinson's Sons was the oldest commission house in Philadelphia and widely known in the cranberry and general trade. Wilkinson's Once Philadelphia's Largest Dock Creek in its earlier days was navigable and brought in a large part of the produce sold on what 'ater became Dock street. The city of Philadelphia eventually converted the open Dock Creek in- to a closed sewer, and a modern street was made where the creek once flowed. Older produce grow- ers of today speak of "going down to the wharf" to trade at Dock street. Dock Creek flowed in the form of the letter "S", starting above Third and Walnut streets and running into the Delaware, and Dock street, when it was made fol- lowed the line of the old creek, giving it its "S" curve of today. C. Wilkinson, prospering In his produce business, built it into a large produce house, at one time Phiadelphia's biggest. The four sons, James S., Charles W., Joseph N. and Edward S., as they came of age became members of the firm and each was assigned to a certain department, or commodity: James imported lemons from Sicily, these then being the only lemons avail- able for American consumption. It became necessary to maintain a large force of re-packers of this fruit and these workers were brought over in force from Italy. James also looked after the New Jersey sweet potato deal, which in those days was handled from Phil- adephia, sending as many as 30 cars a day at the height of the sea- son to all rail points in the country. Son Joseph had charge of the large "fleet" of wagons drawn by teams of handsome horses, which hauled the produce through the streets of Philadelphia then, before motor trucks came in. Philadelphia Leading Cranberry Center Jersey in some years after the Civil War was out-producing Mas- ."-achusetts in cranberries and C. Wilkinson saw the possibilities in the cranberry trade and pioneered in selling cranberries at wholesale in Phi adelphia. He provided a needed outlet through which the crop of the Jersey growers could pass. He became the first of the Philadelphia cranberry commission merchants, and in time Philadel- phia became the leading cranberry market of the United States, hold- ing this rating for some years, ex- ceeding Boston and New York. Son Charles W. had direct charge of this cranberry business. In 1881 he became a member of the New Jersey Cranberry Growers' Association, which was then the only cranberry association in the I country, neither the present Cape Cod Cranberry Growers Associa- tion nor the Wisconsin State hav- ing been organized. Two years later the Jersey association became the American Cranberry Growers' association (due to its wide mem- bership) and still retains the same name. C. W. Wilkinson, as his father had done, recognized the fact that the cranberry industry was to grow, and withdrew his in- terests from the firm established by his father. He cast the die to devote his ful' time to the growing and marketing of cranberries. He was one of the first to real- ize that the disadvantages of un- organized and often unfair com- petition in selling could be over- come by cooperation, and as such signed the original charter to form the Growers Cranberry Company. As previously related, he was at the organization meeting made sec- retary and treasurer and a direc- tor and named to market the crop for the new cooperative group that fall. This cooperative accepted the agency for the marketing of cran- berries in Europe for the American Cranberry Trade the following year, as at that time there was in- terest in building up European consumption of American cran- berries. In 1900 this aew Jersey company handled the crop of th.'» A. D. Makepeace Company, al- though A. D. Makepeace was not then a member. Mr. Wilkinson continued as sec retary and treasurer and sales manager for Growers Cranberry Company until its merger with the American Cranberry Kxchange in 1911. When he marketed his last crop in 1910 there were 154,671 barrels of New Jersey fruit and but 49,800 from Massachusetts growers that year. He then be- came general sales counsel for the Exchange, continuing in that ca- pacity until his death. N, E. Sales (Continued from Page 4) A. Cowen, Homer L. Gibbs, John C. Makepeace and Harrison F. God- dard. The meeting opened with a con- cise welcome by President Gibbs, in which he said such growers as bad "any kind of a crop at all" last year were successful, but he sincerely hoped al members would have bumper crops in 1945, as "we are going to need all the berries that can be produced." He said: "I believe we are entering a new era, one of probably larger crops, perhaps lower prices. We will have ceiling prices another year and the necessary wartime restric- tion, but I feel we will continue to be as successful as we have been in past years." He then men- tioned the state of his health which prevented him from attending di- rectors' meetings in New York in the future. Mr. Benson followed with his annual report, touching upon the use of Jamaican labor last year, and stating that the continuance of this service has been voted by the directors and a total of 60 workers had already arrived under the new contract. The company is operat- ing two groups of six for growers who do not have sufficient work to participate in the principal con- tract, this contract running from April 4 to October 31. Wages paid (as announced last month) are 60 cents per hour for general bog work, price for harvesting to be determined at the start of har- vesting season. Of the total 160,000 barrels (present government estimate) produced in Massachusetts last year, the Sales Company, including the A. D. Makepeace Company and the United Cape Cod Cranberry Company produced 88,810 barrels. Of that quantity the Sales Com- pany handled 52,998 barrels, the crops of Makepeace Co. and United (with the exception of one car) being used for preserving and de- hydration. Cranberry Canners had the disposition of 44,450 barrels, and the Exchange 44,360 barrels from the entire membership. During the year the company has suffered the loss through death of four members, Arthur Ellis, Samuel B. Gibbs, Carrold Howland and Frank P. Weston. After pay- ing tribute to these departed mem- bers, Mr. Benson closed with the financial report. C. M. Chaney, in his report for the Exchange, said the 1944 season was a most "unusual" season and different even from the 1943 sea- son, which was also thought of as a "different" season, in the light of past experiences. He said the Exchange could have sold four or five times the quantity of Blacks and Howes which was available, and at the ceiling prices, and he believed that 700,000 barrels 'ast year could have been sold at pT'ices much above any previous averages. "I believe you will have price ceilings again, whether or not the war ends before fall. What they will be I cannot tell you. How- ever, Ithink we received reasonably fair treatment from OPA last year and will be treated as well this year. "We shall continue to have our UPS and downs, we must put forth our best efforts to make the vallevs between the peaks less deep." He said he believed a "prefabricated bridge", figuratively speaking, could be thrown across these de- pressions and said he strongly felt cranberries packed in cello- phane would be of tremendous ad- vantage to fresh fruit after the war. "By selling our cranberries two wavs, fresh and processed, and with cooperation between the two, we can put this bridge over the gullies." He said |26.08 was the average overall, all-variety, all-region price the Exchange achieved last year. Qf the seven per cent assessed members he said 4.329 per cent only had been spent and a balance of approximately 1.5 per cent re- turned to State Companies. Referring to the Golden Anniver- sary in New Jersey, he discussed it as a very fine affair indeed, and stressed particularly the talk of Dr. Miller. He hoped it would be possible to have this noted author- ity upon cooperatives sneak to the Massachusetts membership. E. C. McGrew reported briefly on insecticides and said a cooperative must keep abreast of the times. He commended the members on having reached their 38th anni- versary, and then added his praise to the observance of the Growers Cranberrv Company 50th anniver- sary celebration in New Jersey. Miss Grace M. White of the firm of Batten, Barton, Durstine & Os- born. Inc. of New York, handling the Exchange advertising account, gave an interesting talk upon pub- licity and advertising. She said the cranberry as a seasonal fruit is always newsworthy and has a hold upon the imagination, that BBDO has fine connections with all leading editors for dessimating cranberry news and publicity, and that Mr. Chaney has conducted the advertising angle with great skill. She said advertising must be continued, pointing out that Wrigley is now advertising an empty gum wrapper, as showing that for the present their standard product has wholly gone to war. She said the Eatmor brand had be- come the "Tiffany" among cran- berries the country over. Other officers elected besides those previously mentioned were: second vice president, Paul Thomp- son; secretary, clerk, treasurer and general manager, Arthur D. Benson; and Miss Sue A. Pitman, assistant. BUY MORE BONDS IN THE MIGHTY 7th ARlEHSTil/er i— ^ THE MOST COMPLETE LINE OF TILLAGE EQUIPMENT IN THE WORLD CA PACITIES 14 IN TO 7 FT CUTTING WIDTHS ARIENS CO. BOX nos BRILLION WIS Nine Mass. Cranberry Clubs Hold Final Winter, Annual Meetings Final winter and annual meet- ings of Plymouth County clubs were held at Rochester Grange hall Apri 24th, at Red Men's build- ing, Plymouth, April 26th for Toutheastern and South Shore clubs respectively. Both were sup- per meetings and both very inter- esting, with a particularly lively general discussion at Plymouth. Southeastern felt it duld do no better than to re-elect its sate of oTicers as the nominating commit- tee, Frank Crandon, chairman, recommended, and Raymond Morse was re-e ected president; Carleton D. Hammond, Sr., vice president; Gilbert Beaton, secretary-treas- urer; advisory committee, Herbsi't H. Dustin and Frank P. Crandon. No election of officers was made at South Shore, present officers to continue until after the meeting in January, the nominating com- mittee to report then. Southeastern, as had been dis- cussed at that club befrre, voted to try out an afternoon meeting, fol- lowed by supper, rather than even- ino- meeting after supper. This will be done at the first meeting in January, 1946. The objectives were to see if more members would come in the afternoon, and to re- lieve extension service and state bog officials of so much night at- tendance at agricultural meetings. Er. Franklin's first public ap- pearance since his il ness was at Southeastern club. Greeted by a round of sincere applause, he said: "Thank you all for your kindness during my weeks of sick- ness. I am not able to do all the work I want to yet. But I am in condition to start my work, an'' T hope to be able to do more and more as the season orogreobes/ Countv Agent "Joe" Brown made the important announcement that his associate, "Dick" Beattie St. Jacques' Study On Sprinklers For Cranberry Bogs Because of its extreme inter- est and value to the many grow- ers considering the use of sprinkler systems for frost pro- tection and irrigation, it is planned to print E. C. St. Jacques' address before the four cranberry clubs in full next month. 'To summarize this hi"'hly-technica' talk with its tables of figvres would be to sacrifice much of the worth of this comprehensive and pains- taking study. (as has been under consideration for some time) is to devote con- siderably more time to cranberry wcrk this spring and summer, as- sisting Dr. Franklin. As Mr. Beattie is an entomologist and has studied in forestry, his services will be extremely valuab e to the Plymouth County growers. Brown said that not only in the usual insect and other work could Beattie be of special help to grovv- ers, but because of his forestry training he might suggest and plan better uses of the woodland many growers own He said .le did not believe cranberry growers even yet look upon wood as a crrp and that they have extra sources of revenue in their wood lands if properly deve oped, particularly now with the new uses pulp woods pr? being put to. He suggested as a thought oi long-range possibility the establishment of some sort of schooling for young men who were to take up c.anberries as an occu- pation, possibly at State College at Amherst. He said this was a Beattie explained a "Reminder su-"3'estion which growers might think about. Card" progiam for insect control, saying he hoped this season cards could be sent out well in advance, which would help growers to get busy with contro s at the proper times. The club also voted to hold twilight field meetings for insect study, with basket lunch, on motion of Chester Vose. Dr. Franklin gave "Highlights" of the 1945 spray chart then about to be printed and distributed, say- ing there were thi'ee particular points: (1) that dates of various practices also carried a notation "or earlier", this being in view of the remarkable advancement of the season over normal; (2), that rotenone is again recommended for treatments, as it has been made available; (3), that Sabadil a use appears on the chart. The guest speaker of the meet- ings was Prof. W. H. Thies. Ex- tnsion Fruit Specialist of Mass. State College, who spoke instruct- ively upon "Other Small Fruits for Cranberry Growers". He said that berry growing was a truly specialized form of agriculture and that cranberries were among the most highly specialized of any. Discussing side lines, he dismissed tree fruits as impractical to the "berry man", to his mind. He saw practica ly no prospect for the cranberry grower in Boysenberries, .some for grapes, not much for brambles, except red raspberries. He thought blueberries offered a decided opportunity, if planted in the right soil and given the pro- per care, and said, "I believe the cultivated blueberry is here to stay." However, he gave highest place to the strawberry, which, he said, was an opp'^rtunity very much overlooked in Massachusetts. CAPE MEETINGS At the final winter meetings of the Cape Cod Cranberry Clubs, Marcus L. Urann, Cranberry Can- ners. Inc., as announced by the ad- vance program, explained his phil- AGRICO FOR CRANBERRIES We recommend Agrico for Cranberries, 5-8-7 Fertilizer this spring Dealers at Carver, Middleboro, Wareham, Plymouth and throughout the entire Cape THE AMERICAN AGRICULTURAL CHEMICAL COVIPANY North Weymouth, Mass. Telephone Weymouth 2640 Ten osophy on marketing from the point of view of a grower and pro- cessor; Arthur D. Benson, man- ager New England Sales, explained his viewpoint as it pertains to the fresh fruit market, and Emil C. St. Jacques, Hayden Manufactur- ing Co., Wareham, gave a tak from his study of sprinkler sys- tems on cranberry bogs for frost protection and irrigation. The talks upon the two angles of mar- keting, as arranged by County Ag- ent Tomlinson, were enlightening, upon this most important factor to the grower. Mr. St. Jacques made an extremely valuable contribution to the knowledge of sprinkler sys- tems as a post-war development of great promise. Upper Cape Officers Upper Cape, Bruce Hall, Cotuit, April 16th, was preceded by an un- usually fine esca loped oyster sup- per, put on by the Matrons' club of Cotuit, and as this was the us- ual meeting officers for the coming yar were elected. These were: Charles L. Gifi'ord, honorary pres- ident; John F. Shields, Osterville, president; Robert S. Handy, San- tuit, vice president; William Fos- ter, East Sandwich, seci'etary; Jesse Murray, Osterville, treas- urer; directors, Malcolm Ryder, Jpmes W. Freeman, Nathan Nye, Seth Cor ins. In the absence of both Messrs. Foster and Murray, Seth Collins acted as secretary and treasurer. Forty odd were present. Plans for a supper at the Lower Cape, Dennis, April 18, were can- celled. All officers there were re- elected, the slate being: G. Everett Howes, Dennis, president; Mar- shall Siebermann, West Harwich, vice president; Calvin Eldredge, Pleasant Lake, secretary-treas- urer; directors, Nathan Crowe 1, Flnathan E. Eldredge, Carroll F. Doane, Gecrge Bearse, Maurice L^e. The frost warning of that night unfortunately disrupted the meeting and peace of mind of the growers while Mr. St. Jacques was talking, and also spoiled p''ans for a "snack lunch" after the close of business. Highlights of Mr. Benson's talk were that the N. E. Cranberry Sales Company and the Exchange, contrary to some opinions, were concerned with the marketing of prccessed berries, and, in fact, even 20 years ago were selling a considerable quantity to various processors. New England Sales, he said, in the past ten years had very definitely contributed to and assisted in the success of the cran- berry canning cooperative, and its immediate association with Cran- berry Canners increased their sup- ply materially. During the past season more than 50 per cent of the cranberries grown by Sales Co. members were diverted from the fresh fruit market to the pro- cessed. N. E. Sales, he said, in behalf of its membership owns stock in Canners to the value of $200,000. He sketched the history of the Sales Company from its start in 1907, explaining its sys- tem of handling berries and re- turning sales money to members. Mr. Urann spoke extemporan- eous y, as is his custom, saying that Cranberry Canners begins where the Sales Company leaves off in that it maintains a demand fcr cranberries through having canned sauce available after the fi'osh fruit season. He stressed the fact there must always be two ways to sell cranberries, fresh and processed. "I will never approve of canning the whole crop." He enswered criticism that Canners has over-capacity, saying that suf- ficient capacity must be main- tained to care for whatever pro- portion of a big' crop may have to be processed or frozen in any one year. He said Canners was nec- essarily a stock cooperative be- cause of its large physical assets. He spoke again of the million-bar- rel crop, of the coming use of he i- copters, and of the bright future of the industry. McCONNON »» ^^Zaateuls, hU A SABADILLA Insecticide Proved Effective in Controlling Bluntnosed Leafhopper and Blackheaded Fireworm. "SABACIDE 40" is today's answer to the demand of cranbebrry growers for an effective insecticide to replace pyrethrum. Very little pyrethrum has been allocated for agricultural use this year — but "SABACIDE 40" is now available in large enough quantities to control these in- sects. McConnon "SABACIDE 40" contains activated Saba- dilla seed. This new material gave a good ki 1 of Blunt- nosed Leafhopper and Blackheaded Fireworms last season in large scale tests. Information obtained from many 1944 tests indicate that Sabadilla has greater residual tox- icity than pyrethrum on many insects. McConnon "SABACIDE 40" is manufactured accord- ing to a new activating process developed and patented by Dr. T. C. Allen and his associates at the University of Wisconsin. McConnon & Company has the experience and the facilities to assure you of a uniform, quality pro- duct. ORDER EARLY— Because of delays that may be caused by overtaxed transportation and abor shortage, it is important that you order "SABACIDE 40" early. Write or wire us today for the name and address of your nearest Sabacide supplier. McCONNON 8c COMPANY WINONA, MINNESOTA May 30th, 1945 Memorial Day this year will have a special symbolism for all Americans. We will mourn the passing of our President, Franklin D. Roosevelt — who passed on, serving his country and humanity the world over. We will mourn for those others of our nation and the other nations of the world who died to make a better era on earth. We will pay tribute to those who died for the same worthy causes in previous wars. Let us dedicate ourselves this day to strive for permanent and just peace as never before. Buy twice as many Bonds in the mighty 7th War Loan. This is the 36th of a series of war-time messages sponsored by the following public- spirited firms and individuals. Slocum-Cibbs Cranberry Co. RUEL S. GIBBS, Gen. Mgr. Jesse A. Holmes & Son Sawmills at Carver, Mass. Tel. Carver 10-3 Fuller-Hammond Co. Onset, Mass. ROBT. C. HAMMOND Decas Cranberry Company Growers and Shippers of CAPE COD CRANBERRIES Wareham, Mass. Smith-Hammond Co. Pt. Independence, Mass. CARLETON D. HAMMOND General Manager CARLETON D. HAMMOND. JR. Ass't General Manager Acushnet Saw Mills Co. New Bedford, Mass. GOOD WOOD BOXES Est. 1865 L. B. R. BARKER Buzzards Bay Mass. H. R. BAILEY CO. South Carver, Mass. ELLIS D. ATWOOD South Carver, Mass. MitMals ISSUE OF MAY, 1945 Vol. 10 No. 1 1/ ^^w^^'>^»*(si^^i. A NEW WORLD ERA OPENS OUR President Franklin D. Roosevelt, who led us to the gates of victory in Europe and who led the effort which will pnable us to defeat Japan, has passed on ; ermany is no longer an organized nation ; conference of nations has begun in San rancisco, the long objective of which is permanent peace. April was a month momentous in history. It marked the ending of an era. Today we face a vastly changed outlook. We must face it with individual interest, alertness, and loyalty. One way we may demonstrat our loyalty in this month of May is to continue to subscribe to bonds in the 7th War Loan. A CHANGING ERA FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS rUST as a new prospectus is making up ' before the world, a period of major change is facing the cranberry growers. The change of world affairs — the conclud- ing of the war against organized Germany, with its change in our economy to what- ever extent it may be, until "V-J" day; a new president, cannot but have effect up- on the activities of all of us. Strictly within the industry we have the professional report upon the state of our own affairs as they have been. If it had been that our affairs were perfection this scrutiny scarcely would have been turned upon our industry by the voluntary re- quest of two component parts of our cran- berry economy. That within ourselves we could see the need of impartial advice as to the conduct of our affairs in the post- war era, is a shining decoration to our credit. THAT the expenditure of the large sum of money by Cranberry Canners and the American Cranberry Exchange for this X-ray of ourselves should not bring about change in some degree is inconceivable. Within the cranberry industry are many able minds, minds capable of conceiving plans which, in harmony, will prepare us to meet the new era in world affairs. Cran- berry Canners and the Exchange do not make up the whole of our industry, but what they do decide to do is of the great- est importance to every part of the indus- try. Coincident with the world, it hap- CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS Subscription $2.60 per year Advertising rates upon application Editor and Publisher CLARENCE J. HALL LEMUEL C. HALL Associate Editor CORRESPONDENTS-ADVISORS Wisconsin VERNON GOLDSWORTHY Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin Washington-Oregon J. D. CROWLEY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. ETHEL M. KRANICK Bandon, Oregon Massachusetts DR. HENRY J. FRANKLIN Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Statior East Wareham, Mass. BERTRAM TOMLINSON Barnstable County Agricultural Agent Barnstable, Mass. New Jersey CHARLES A. DOEHLERT, Acting Chief, New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station, Pemberton, New Jersey pens, the cranberry growers are at a cross- road of their particular own. AT this moment of great import, the presidents of the New England Cran- berry Sales Company and the Growers Cranberry Company of New Jersey have been forced to decline to hold office longer because of their health, Ruel S. Gibbs of the former, after five years of able service, and Franklin S. Chambers of the latter after a full quarter century of devotion to his company and the cause of cooperation. The new presidents, Ellis D. Atwood and Theodore H. Budd, face a difficult period. To these capable men, we extend congrat- ulations upon the honor given them, and to the state companies congratulations up- on the wisdom of their selections. Thirteen Fresh from the Fields (Continued from Page 5) causing water to seep away. Both March and April were exceedingly di-y months also, rainfall during April being 1.84 inches as against four inches normal. Growers hope this is not the beginning of more dry weather disaster, having fresh- ly in mind the devastating dryness of last summer. this freeze took considerable toll in individual cases. fISevere Cold April 22 and 23— The month culminated in a se- vere cold spell the nights of the -y.^^d and 23rd. On the former, with an evening warning by Frank- lin of 18 degrees, the wind blew in- , termittently and it was a "black freeze", so severe that ice formed over the bogs quite general'y. On the following- night the forecast was again 18. This time there was no wind, the frost came before midnight and stayed late, 18 being HFrosts — As for frosts and frost warnings during April there were half a dozen. Temperatures were reached which caused heavy injury on dry bogs and on bogs with water drawn off early and not re- covered. No estimate of percent- age of frost losses is available. It would be expected to be compar- atively small, with probably more crop damage done by the' heavy use of water necessary. First warning was the earliest on record, the night of April 6th. There was a bad frost on the night of April 18th. Some growers f e t We Have Listingt of Cranberry Bogs, Lar(e and Small FOR SALE Geo. A. Cole Agency WILDA HANEY Decas Block Wareham, Massachusetts bim ^Q PROTECT THIS YEAR'S PROMISE FOR A PROFITABLE CRANBERRY CROP Use Black Leaf 40 in accordance with state recommendations for the control of Spittle Insect Blackheaded Fireworm Blunt-Nosed Leafhopper Red-Striped Fireworm TOBACCO BY-PRODUCTS & CHEMICAL CORP. Incorporated LOUISVILLE, KENTUCKY We Handle Cape Cod Cranberries Exclusively Growers using our service are assured of an outlet for their ENTIRE CROP AT TOP PRICES AND PROMPT RETURNS. Our connections supply both the ARMED FORCES and CIVILIAN TRADE with FRESH CRANBERRIES, CANNED SAUCE, and DE- HYDRATED CRANBERRIES. Serving the Cranberry Industry For Over 25 Years BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY Wareham, Massachusetts Tel. Wareham 130 Fourteen a temperature very generally reached and one reading of 15 re- corded in Carver. Others got read- ings in the low 20s. mother Crops Injured — The ap- ple crop was estimated as cut 75 per cent in Connecticut Valley, 50 per cent for what few trees are ill the Plymouth-Barnstable area. Tlie peach crop was severely dam- 'iged, and strawberries which were not still covered were badly hit. It was a wicked'y cold spell for the last of April. snap (the same which caused Mas- sachusetts early frost warning). Bog readings were 18 degrees on the 6th, 20 on the 7th, which caused extensive damage to cultivated blueberries, injury to apples, cher- ries and peaches. Cranberries for the most part escaped, as most bogs were unaer water. Official esti- mate of blueberry damage is 15 per cent, but unofficial reports placed loss approaching 50 per UFeeling Confused — G rowers started out the season feeling pros- pects were pretty good for an av- erage crop, or better. Bogs had recovered well from the disasters of winterkill of '43-44, the terrible May 18th freeze, the drought of last summer; leaf drop had not shown up as feared and as was discussed in last month's issue. Now nobody is venturing any kind of guesses. HGypsies — Gypsy moths began to .''how up about a month earlier than known to before, and reported by mid-April. NEW JERSEY THOMAS BROTHERS General Contractors MIDDLEBORO, MASS. Tel. Midcleboro 772 Concrete Flumes and Pumpwells Transit Mix Concrete • Complete Line of Construction Equipment Excavating - Grading - Hauling Leave the Tough Jobs for Us Our Experience is Your Guarantee lIEsrly April Frosts — The nights of Apri' 5, 6 and 7 brought a cold ^^s«re out to ruin HSlC^^ Kryocide is the NATURAL GREEN- LAND CRYOLITE Insecticide. Cryolite is what agricultural authorities recommend for use against cranberry weevils, gypsy moth caterpillars, fruit- worms, cranberry blossom worms, false armyworms — chewing pests that damage your cranberry crops. You'll find Kryocide safe, effective, inexpensive too. For the most effective use of Kryocide against insects that bother your cranberries, consult your local experiment station. Kryocide for spraying comes in 4 lb. and 50 lb. bags ... at your dealer. Get your supply of this proved Insecticide NOW. Agricultural Chemicals Division PENIISYIVANIA,$AIT MAN U/Ta/C T U R l,N G C WM P A N V 1000 WIDENER BUILDING, PHILADELPHIA 7, PA. New York • Chicago • St. Louis • Pittsburgh • Cincinnati • Minneapolis •Wyandotte Tgcgma 5d» DISTRIBUTED BY THE ROGERS & HUBBARD COMPANY PORTLAND, CONN. Fifteen A WORD TO THE WISE- MACHINERY FOR 1945 PROSPECTS of giving you satisfactory service this season ARE GOOD — if you will place your orders well in advance of actual needs. We will try our utmost, but you will be doing yourself a good turn, as well as us, if you will not delay in letting us know your requirements immediately. They will be filled in the order placed. THE QUOTA allowed is the same as for 1944. BUT PRESENT ORDERS have already taken up a good percentage of the quota. Long term deliveries of materials and shortage of labor necessitate planning well ahead. HAYDEN SEPARATOR MANUFACTURING CO. E. C. St. Jacques WAREHAM, MASS. cent. Losses from this cold spell in Southern Jersey were varied, as the frosts were "spotty". Re.qrard- ing blueberries a grower near Toms River said he expected to pick no more than enough to supply the local market, whi'e at Pemberton the damage in general appeared not to have been so severe. The apple was the hardest hit of Jer- sey crops. llSecond Cold — A second cold spell, as in Massachusetts, brought termeratures of 17 on the 23rd. In blueberries corresponding tem- peratures were 19-20. Some bogs with early-drawn water on that night and not fully re-submerged suffered considerable loss. Some blueberry growers suffered further losses, others were 'ess badly hurt. On the mornings of the 8th, 19th, 20th and 22nd temperatures ranged from 25 to 30 without apparent damage to either crop. ^Blueberry Weevil — Serious in- festation by blueberry weevil was being well controlled by spraying. WISCONSIN HVines Look Good — Vines came through the winter, as far as can now be determined, in better con- dition than in quite some time, ac- cording to Goldsworthy. He be- lieves it would be readily possible for Wisconsin to have a better crop than last year if normal con- ditions prevai' during the growing season. IJApril Snowfall — Pleasant wea- ther prevailed throughout March and until April 2, when there was snow and a temperature of 15 de- grees. Part of the bogs were out Sixteen and part were still under, but in neither case was any damage done in the opinion of Goldsworthy. At the Rapids area there were two or three inches of snow, while in the northern area there wa sa fall of 14 inches. In fact, March and early April weather were reversed. WASHINGTON HWeather Held Up Sanding— Many growers who had planned to do a considerable amount of sanding had the work held up be- cause of the weather. Leonard Morris, Long Beach, however, man- aged to resand five or six acres, this being done with a sand pump. Water holes or "sumps" from which to pump water for frost protection have been dug by Hud- dleston & Cline, Katto & Phillips, Ostgard & Miller, the latter having recently purchased the Walter Hill bog, all near Long Beach. TlSprinklers — Rolla Parrish, Long Beach, is going ahead steadily with his installation of a new pipeline for his sprinkler system. Guido Funcke at "Cranmoor" near Long Beach is installing new sprinkler equipment and will have several more acres under sprinklers before the season is far a'ong. HSome Winter Injury — Some winter injury showed up on Long Beach bogs, caused by temper- atures of 18 degrees. This will appear not severe in terms of win- ter temperature to eastern grow- ers, but West Coast occasionally gets such a temperature following a period of mild weather, catching the vines not toughened up to stand it. Military Procurement (Continued from Page 3) assured. (The cessation of hos- tilities in Europe will not affect this requirement). This office strongly feels that it is the privilege as wel' as the duty of each grower to voluntar- ily set aside a portion of his crop for use in serving the armed forces of this country. This is his opportunity to supply an item of food to the men and wo- men who are serving him and his family overseas. He must not fail them! As indicated previously, cran- berries for overseas shipment must be processed, for they can- not otherwise withstand the var- ied and severe conditions of storage and handling which must be expected. Dehydration of cranberries has yielded an excel- lent product, which is one of the most popular dehydrated items used by the armed forces. By reason of dehydration, a large amount of tin, packing materials and shipping space have been conserved. May I take this opportunity to express the thanks and high ap- preciation of General Edmund B. Gregory, General Carl Hardigg, Colonel Paul Logan, Colonel Louis Webster and the other members of this office for the loyal and successful support demonstrated by the cranberry growers and the Cranberry Can- ners. Inc., who have made the supply of this item to the armed | forces possible. [ Yours sincerely, Cecil G. Dunn, Lt. Colonel, QMC j K R Y O C I D E The Natural Cryolite Insecticide MAY BE USED AS A SPRAY OR DUST HUBBARD KRYOCIDE DUST Contains 50% Kryocide Thoroughly Mixed - Ready to Use HUBBARD PYRETHRUM DUST Limited Supply Only Orders Filled in Rotation as Received HUBBARD FAMOUS FERTILIZERS New England Favorites since 1878 ^^^TILIZBK^ FOR SALE BY John J. Beaton Co. Wareham John Hinckley & Son Co. Hyannis C. H. Bryant .Wareham Victor Leeman _ West Barnstable Buzzards Bay Grain Co. ..Buzzards Bay B. C. Shaw Middleboro George A. Cowen Rochester John P. Shields Osterville Cranberry Canners, Inc. ..Onset Shurtleff Hardware Co. ...Middleboro MANUEL A. SOUZA General Agent Telephone Marion 236 Manufactured and Distributed by THE ROGERS & HUBBARD COMPANY PORTLAND, CONNECTICUT Established in 1878 The Growers of Long Beach, Wash., Get Together Growers of the Long Beach Pen- insula (Washington) area held a get-together meeting to discuss sprays, horticultural problems, and any and all items of interest to cranberry growers. Speakers were Dr. John Snyder, extension horti- culturist, Washington State Col- lege, Pullman; Ralph Roffler, County Agent, Pacific County, Dr. Joel Clark, New Jersey Experiment Station, and J. D. Crowley. From this meeting, a committee, Rolla Parish, B. B. Sanders, Chas. Nelson, with Mr. Crowley as ad- visory member, was named to work out soil conservation practices that would fit in with the needs of the cranberry industry. The meeting closed with refreshments served by ladies of the group. Massachusetts Man Chosen Assistant To Doehlert William E. Tomlinson, Jr., for- merly with the Waltham field sta- tion of Massachusetts Experiment Station, has been named as the assistant to Charles A. Doeh"ert, in charge of the Cranberry and Blueberry Research Laboratory at Pemberton, New Jersey. Mr. Tom- linson becomes research associate, Mr. Doehlert nearly a year ago having succeeded the late Charles S. Beckwith as head of the station. Mr. Tomlinson, who is a native of Newton, Mass., received his Mas- ter's Degree from Massachusetts State College in 1938, and has since been associated with the station at Waltham. With his family, he will make his home at Pemberton. JARI POWER SCYTHE Cuts weeds, grass, brush Write for details Exchange Officers (Continued from Paee S) President, C. M. Chaney, New York, N. Y.; Secretary, E. Clyde McGrew; Treasurer, E. Clyde Mc- Grew; Ass't Treasurer, Kathryn F. Pratt. Executive Committee: John C. Makepeace, Wareham, Mass.; Theo- dore H. Budd, Pemberton, N. J.; Albert Hedler, Phillips, Wis.; Ed- ward Crabbe, Toms River, N. J.; L. B. R. Barker, Buzzards Bay, Mass. Advertising Committee: John C. Makepeace, Wareham, Mass.; Theo- dore H. Budd, Pemberton, N. J.; Harrison Goddard, Plymouth, Mass. History of Growers Cranberry Company, Inc. The marketing of cranberries in the early days was, like most fruit and vegetables at that time, con- ducted in a most hazardous and wasteful manner. So bad had be- come the situation that a group of far-seeing growers decided to do something about it, and thereby save the industry from ruin. The men who conceived and orig- inated the idea of mutual protec- tion and cooperation in the cran- berry industry and, from whose beginnings, the splendid and effec- tive organization has grown, were: Joseph J. White, Theodore Budd, A. H. Gillingham, E. H. Durell, E. Z. Collings, Charles W. Wilkinson, A. J. Rider, Joseph Evans, Richard iiarriscn and Joshua S. Wi Is. These men were the signers of the crig-inal charter, and were also the or ginal stockholders. Ihe name of the new organiza- tion was called the "Growers Cran- berry Company." Its object, as Caico Rainmaker Porlable Steel Pipe Buckner Sprinklers Overhead Irrigation Jari Power Scythe 36" Sickle Mower Milorganite Organic 6% Nitrogen Fertilizer set forth in the charter, was to plant, cultivate, grow, produce, buy sell, export, import and deal in cranberries and other pi'oducts of the soil and by-products thereof. A number of other things were specified, but the real object of the Company was to dispose of the cranberry crops of the members to the best possible advantage; and to this one end the full efforts of the organizers and officers of the Company were directed. The first meeting of the Grow- ers Cranberry Company was held June 15, 1895 in Dooner's Hotel, 10th Street above Chestnut, Phila- delphia, with the following growers present: Joseph J. White, New Lis- bon; Theodore Budd, Pemberton; E. Z. Collings, Laurel Springs; A. J. Rider, Trenton; Charles W. Wil- ^ kinson, Philadelphia; E. H. Durell, Woodbury; Martin L. Haines, Vin- centown; El wood Braddock, Had- donfield; Haines & McCambridge, Vincentown; Hinchman & Albert- son, Haddonfield; Evans & Wills, Medford; Richard Harrison, Ches- terfield; Richard DeCou, Chester- field; Charles C. Hinchman, Had- donfield; A. H. Gillingham, Phila- delphia; and Edmond Braddock, Medford. The office of the Company was focated at 235 S. Water street, Phil- adelphia, Pa. The officers of the Company were: Joseph J. White, president; Theodore Budd, vice president; Charles W. Wilkinson, secretary and treasurer. The di- rectors were Joseph J. White, Theodore Budd, A. J. Rider, Joseph Evans, E. Z. Co'lings, E. H. Durell, and Charles W. Wilkinson. Mr. Wilkinson marketed the crop. In July, 189(5, the Company accepted BEmHiRmATION • With L15S WAUR A Model For Every Pressure For Form, Orchard or Truck Garden. Easily end quickly mounted on any irrigation pipe. Heavy duly brass and bronie construction for long service. Sand and dirt proof. Wa- ter lubricated hearings— no oil or grease re- quired. No fost moving parts to rapidly wear out. Maximum coverage— even distri- bution. tVrite for lilerolufe and prices. New England Toro Co. DisTiuinrroHs for new England 1121 W.-.»hini!ludSt.. WralNcwlun — lllGclow 7900 BUCKNER MANUFACTURING CO. 1615 Blackstone Ave., Fresno, California BUCKNER SPRINKLERS Eighteen THOSE WHO KNOW, CHOOSE CAPE COD CRANBERRIES age PLYMOUTH Tel. 740 Peter A. LeSage Distributor of Cape Cod Cranberries YARMOUTH Tel. Barnstable 107 the agency for exporting cranber- ries to Europe for the American cranberry trade. In that year the matter of grading cranberries was considered and the 100 quart barrel was adopted. At this time the Company moved its office to 237 S. Second street, Philadelphia. In 1900, although he was not a member, the Company handled the crop of A. D. Makepeace, Wareham Mass. In 1903, the Company recom- mended the 100 quart barrel to the American Cranberry Growers As- sociation, so that all shippers of cranberries would conform with Assembly Bill No. 87. In this year, two growers were admitted to membership in the Company — A. D. Makepeace, Wareham, Mass., and Japheth Bowker, Medford. In 1904, a membership drive was decided upon, and the following resolution was adopted: "That each stockholder be authorized to say to one grower of known reputation of good fruit and good packing, that he would be glad to present his name for membership in the Company." In 1904, Mr. Theodore Budd in- vited all the members to Green's Hotel, Philadelphia, for dinner, it evidently being the rule that the grower producing the largest crop of cranberries was to provide din- ner for the entire membership. His must have been the largest crop that year. In 1905 Mr. A. D. Makepeace had a dinner served to the members at Boothby's, Philadelphia. No doubt he shipped the largest crop that year. In 1906 a resolution was adopted that the six largest growers pay for the stockholders' dinners. Mr. I. C. Hammond, Onset, Mass., was admitted as a member this year. By this time the membership had increased to such an extent that the office space on Second sti-eet was found inadequate, and in January, 1906, the office was moved to the Drexel Building. In 1907, Mr. John C. and Charles D. Makepeace, Wareham, Mass., joined the Company. It was this year that a committee was ap- pointed to meet delegates from the New Jersey Cranberry Sales Com- pany, New England Cranberry Sales Company and the Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company with a view of forming a Central Sales Agency. Cranberries were first advertised by the Growers Cran- berry Company in the Trade Jour- nals and papers in 1907, 1908 and 1909. Due to the success of the Com- pany in disposing of the crop, the membership continued to grow. In 1908, the following Massachu- setts growers joined: Harlow Brook Cranberry Company, and Emulous Small, and in 1909, Federal Cran- berry Company; Oliver L. Shurtleff of Carver; Myron L. Fuller, Brock- ton; Dr. Miller's Estate, Falmouth; W. E. Sparrow's Estate, Mattapoi- sett; F. H. Jessup, Wareham; D. B. Phillips, North Falmouth; and Mrs. J. Goodnow, Fairhaven. The fallacy of two strong com- panies competing against each oth- er was recognized, and in March, 1911, the New Jersey Cranberry Sales Company merged with the Growers Cranberry Company, and the new Company became affiliated with the American Cranberry Ex- change. The American Cranberry Ex- change was to be the Sales Agent for the entire group — Growers Cranberry Company, New England Cranberry Sales Company and the Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Com- pany— and the berries were to be packed and marketed exclusively through the Exchange, under the now famous and dependable "Eat- mor" brand, which brand has be- come a household word throughout the nation, due to its quality and to the extensive consumer advertis- ing sponsored by the Exchange over a period of many years. This proved to be the greatest advance in the history of the cranberry in- dustry. Mr. A. U. Chaney was made Nineteen General Manager of the Exchange and under his guidance the Ex- change became one of the most outstanding co-operatives in the world. For thirty years, 1911 to 1941, Mr. Chaney devoted his en- tire efforts to the upbuilding of the cranberry industry. He was an outstanding figure, which preemi- nence he earned by long and exten- sive study of the problems of the business, by good judgment, ear- nestness and square dealing. Af- ter his death in 1941, Mr. C. M. Chaney, his brother, and Assistant General Manager of the Exchange since its organization, assumed di- rection of the Exchange, and in whose capable hands it continues today. (To be continued) ********* *-• * * Those Boys Needf^ mmmmi Trade Your Folding Money For Fighting Money . Buy Twice as Many Bonds in The Mighty 7th War Loan Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM Tel. 200 - PLYMOUTH Tel. 1300 For the control of Cranberry Weevil and Fruit Worm STAUFFER KNAPSACK DUSTER Easy to Fill Easy to Operate Easy to Carry Easy to Repair For all Dry Dusting Magnetic Natural Cryolite is an effective fluorine insecticide available in sufficient quantities to meet your pest control requirements. This natural cryolite has high toxicity and contains at least 90'^'c sodium fluoaluminate. There is no shortage of "Magnetic" Natural Cry- olite, and we invite cranberry growers in all sections to write to our nearest office for complete information. The Stauffer Knapsack Duster is the newest de- velopment in dusting equipment an easily operated, portable all-purpose duster. The duster is attached to the back with wide shoulder straps and the padded back rest makes it fit comfortably, leaving both hands free for efficient operation. A lever on the right side easily operates the bellows, screen and flow of dust. It will handle every type of dry insecticide and fungi- cide. Available through your dealer or Write our nearest office STAUFFER CHEMICAL CO. 420 LexinKton Ave., New York 17, N. Y. 221 North LaSalle Street, Chicaso 1, Illinois 636 California Street, San Francisco 8, California BONDS HIT 'EM TWICE AS HARD- IN THE MIGHTY 7TH 7 BILLION from individuals alone is the amount needed in the 7th WAR LOAN LEND A HAND IN THE BIGGEST CLEARING JOB IN THE WORLD! We humbly contribute this space to urge the achievement of the quota in this issue. MIN-OT FOOD PACKERS, Inc. BRIDGETON, N. J. DAN D. CONWAY, Pres. Cooperation and united effort are win- ning the war and will win the peace. Continued and increased cooperation and united effort on the part of the cranberry growers will create and main- tain a strong postwar economy for the entire industry. American Cranberry Exchange fKtbtNMNL. AN :t>o,UUU,UUU A YtAK INUUblKY FOOD 4PE COD lEW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON CUT COURTESY WISCONSIN RAPIDS DAILY TRIBUNE A. E. BENNETT, "Dean" of Wisconsin Cranberry Industry, and Mrs. Bennett une, 1945 25 cents FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 1895-1945 In the early years of co-operative marketing the fol- lowing- Cape Cod growers were members of this Com- pany: ■ A. D. MAKEPEACE EMULOUS SMALL OLIVER L. SHURTLEFF IRVING C. HAMMOND MYRON C. FULLER MRS. J. GOODNOW JOHN C. MAKEPEACE DR. MILLER'S ESTATE F. H. JESSUP CHARLES D. MAKEPEACE W. E. SPARROW'S ESTATE D. B. PHILLIPS HARLOW BROOK CRANBERRY CO. FEDERAL CRANBERRY CO. Growers Cranberry Company, Inc. PEMBERTON, NEW JERSEY WISCONSIN MOVES FORWARD COOPERATION PAYS COOPERATIVE SAVING ON GROWERS' SUPPLIES IN 1944 WAS ENOUGH TO PAY ALL OF THE OPERATING EXPENSES OF THE WISCONSIN CRANBERRY SALES COMPANY FOR THREE YEARS. Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin , To CCI's Members for 1944 Berries: $22.38 Net Per 100 Pounds + 4% Dividend ( = 55.2c Per 100 Pounds) + Share of Marmalade Earnings Despite the adversities of the 1944 season, CCI members chalked up another good year. They have earned $22.38 net per 100 pounds for their berries; they have received a 4 9' dividend on their stock (equal to an- other 55.2c per 100 pounds of berries) ; they have added to their reserves and strengthened the financial structure of their cooperative ; and they still have coming a patron- age share of the earnings from packing Orange Marma- lade for the Government. When you are a member of a cooperative such as CCI, you share in all the earnings of that cooperative. This year, those earnings include not only the govern- ment-approved price for cranberries, but an extra return on Marmalade which your cooperative packed for Uncle Sam. All these earnings are yours because you own CCI. CRANBERRY CANNERS, Inc. The Grow^ers' Cooperative Canning Company Hanson, Mass. Onset, Mass. Plymouth, Mass. Dennis, Mass. Coquille, Oregon New Egypt, N. J. North Chicago, III. No. Harwich, Mass. Markham, Wash. Bordentown, N. J. Gurnee, III. Long Beach, Wash. CCI finds a market for ALL your berries Not only the best but all the rest. SERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY ADAMS & BEAN CO. Lumber Dealers "Everything Under Cover" East Wareham, Mass. Tel. Wareham 648 Building Material for Bog, Screenhouse and Home Uses Cape & Vineyard E ectric Company Offices: Chatham Falmouth Hyannis Vineyard Haven E. T. Gault Transportation Co. Wareham, Mass. Tel. 227 We are ready to give you any kind of cranberry bog construction service. Shovel — bulldozer — trucking — stump pulling — excavating — draghauling — canal and ditch digging. We have Sand, Loam and Gravel We Transport Cranberries Paints - Hardware Marinette & Menominee Box Co. Marinette, Wisconsin BOXES, BOX SHOCKS, CRATING WIEEBOUND BOXES AND CRATES M & M's 64th Year Established 1848 Hall & Cole Incorporated Commission Merchants and Jobbers 94 Faneuil Hall Market 102 BOSTON, MASS. APPLES AND CRANBERRIES SPECIALTIES Car Lot Receivers Wood County Nationa Bank Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin MEMBER FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION Serving the Wisconsin Cranberry Growers CROP-SAVER brand INSECTICIDES FUNGICIDES For the Cranberry Grower CROP-SAVER CHEMICAL COMPANY, Inc. 2630 West Arthington St. Chicago 12, Illinois _ The Nationa Bank of Wareham Wareham, Mass. MEMBER FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION COLLEY CRANBERRY CO. PLYMOUTH, MASS. DISTRIBUTORS OF Cape Cod Cranberries SUITS--US BRAND DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS QUALITY and SERVICE —That's Us— Mathevrs Conveyor Track - RID - POISON IVY SPRAY HARDIE SPRAYERS ROOT DUSTERS INSECTICIDES, CHEMICALS HOSE, RODS, GUNS Frost Insecticide Go. Box 36 Arlington 74 Mass. Contact Us Massachusetts Native White Pine Used for Cranberry Boxes F. H. COLE Established 1T07 Manufacturer of Wooden Boxes and Shooks North Carver, Mass. Tel. 46-5 Tlie PLYMOUTH NATIONAL BANK Plymouth Massachusetts MASSACHUSETTS Call WAREHAM 162 S. G. M. Packard & Go. Hardware — Locksmiths For Maintenance Supplies Diesel Bulldozer E. C. HOWES WEST WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. Wareham 405-W-2 Experienced in Bog Work NIAGARA SPRAYER and CHEMICAL CO., Inc. Middleport, N. Y. Manufacturers of Lead Arsenate, Rotenone Products, as well as a full line of dusting machinery. Complete line of Insecticides, both for dusting and spraying. Serving Western Cranberry Growers with High Quality Products Rotenone Pyrethrum Sabadilla Nicotine Copper Sprays Oil Sprays Lime Sulphur Solution Miller Products Company Portland 1, Oregon RAIN BIRD SPRINKLERS Pioneers in Cranberry Frost Protection and Irrigation Data from Rain Bird Sprinkler Mtg. Co. Glendora, Calif. L. R. Nelson Mtg. Co. Peoria, 111. Oregon — Washington R. M. WADE OREGON CULVERT & PIPE Portland, Oregon Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ROBERT LENARI Real Estator Reed Avenue - - Manomet, Mass. Tel. Manomet 44-R Specializingr in the Purchase and Sale of Cranberry Properties Cranberry Canners Annual Meeting Set for June 26 Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK At Screenhouses, Bogs and Pumps Means Satisfaction ALFRED PAPPI WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. 626 Buy More Bonds in the MIGHTY 7th Date for the annual meeting of Cranberry Canners, Inc., has been set for June 26th. Plans for the meeting have not yet been com- pleted and it probably will be held at either Onset or Plymouth this year rather than at the main plant at Hanson. Either of these loca- tions, particularly Onset, would cut down driving distance for Cape members. This meeting should be an im- portant one. GHIPMAN INSECTICIDES and WEED KILLERS for Cranberry Growers Hi-Test Lead Arsenate Has unexcelled guaranteed con- tent of not less than 32.50% ar- senic pentoxide and not more than 0.35% water soluble arsenic. This is your assurance of maximum killing power plus greater safety to fruit and foliage. Alorco Cryolite Very effective fluorine insecticide with extremely fine particles. Makes a good dust or spray for control of fruit worms. P— C— H Dust A new organic contact insecticide. Has proved effective against many agricultural insects for which py- rethrum has been used. Leaves no poisonous residue. Cubor (Rotenone) Dusts High quality assui'es good, dust- ability, uniform coverage, and maximum killing power. Available in strengths of .50% and .75% rotenone. Berako (Rotenone) Liquid A water miscible spray, contain- ing extracted rotenone plus wet- ting and penetrating agent. Dry Sodium Arsenate Used in cranberry weed control. Dry Sodium Arsenite This powerful arsenical is recom- menced as a spray to kill ditch weeds. It is readily soluble in water. Atlacide Weed Killer The safer chlorate weed killer. Famous for its dependable control of both perennial and annual weeds. Kills weed I'oots. May be applied as a spray or in dry form. Write for information CHIPMAN CKEMICAL CO. Bound Brook, N. J. Veteran Wisconsin Grower Passes at Age of Nearly 84 Richard Rezin of Warrens, Respected Senior Member of State's Largest Cran- berry Growing Family, Was Pioneer. Death on Sunday, May 13th, took one of Wisconsin's oldest cranberry growers when Richard Rezin, nearly 84, passed away at his home in Warrens after an ill- ness of five days. Mr. Rezin was the senior member of the Rezin family, which numerically is the largest group growing cranberries in Wisconsin and it was he who did most to estab'ish the Rezin group GROSSMAN'S A HALF CENTURY OF SERVICE Building Materials Paints Hardware Tel. New Bedford 5-7488 27 Ashley Boulevard in the field of Wisconsin cranberry cultivation. Richard's father before him was a grower in a small way, and he had a brother who was a grower in Wisconsin before moving to Oregon to operate a bog until his death, but it was the efforts of Richard which laid the foundations for the respected position of the Rezin family in the Wisconsin in- dustry today. His own holdings had been built up to about 40 acres. In recent years this home marsh has been under the active direction of his son, Russell. Born in the town of Randolph, near Wisconsin Rapids, May 20, 1861, Mr. Rezin began life as a farmer, and then while still a young man, decided to devote his entire activities to cranberry grow- ing. He moved westward from the Rapids area to Warrens in 1900, buying a marsh of 16 acres and then seling that and buying another of 11 acres which he birilt to its present size. This is the marsh which is operated as Rezin and Son. Mr. Rezin, a man of unusually large stature, was known as one of the strongest men in Wisconsin in his youth and middle years and during his long life was one of the hardest-working growers in the state, never sparing himself in physical exertion. With his bro- ther, Mr. Rezin had started what is now the J. J. Emmerick marsh i.i Cranmoor in 1890 before going lo Warrens. He was one of the (ailiest members of Wisconsin Ci-snberry Sales Company. . He was married June 17, 1889 to Pearl F. Forbes of Webster, South Dakota, who survives him. Six of their ten children survive: Lloyd, of Cranmoor, who is a cran- berry grower; Leslie, Russell and Daniel, all of Warrens and all growers; two daughters, Isabel of Warrens and Mrs. W. L. Lenoch of Chicago. There are fifteen grandchildren. Mr. Rezin was a member of Ma- sonic Lodge of Wisconsin Rapids, a Royal Arch Mason at Tomah, and a member of the Eau Claire consistery. Funei-al services were held Wed- nesday, April 16th, from St. John's Episcopal church, Wisconsin Rap- ids, the Rev. R. L. Marcell offici- ating. Burial was at the Forest Hill cemetery. Cranberry growers were honorary pall bearers, and cranberry growers from all over the state were at the services to pay their final respects to their venerable cranberry associate. His death takes away a man who con- tributed much to Wisconsin's present expanding position in the cianberry industry. (An article concerning Richard Rezin was published in CRAN- BERRIES, September, 1943). Four lasue of June. 1945 — Vol. 10, No. 2 Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop, Main St., Wareham. Massachusetts. Subscription $2.50 per year. Entered as second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post office at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3, 1879- FRESH FROM THE FIELDS By C J. H. MASSACHUSETTS UMany Warnings, April-May — Frost warnings were frequent dur- ing May, and found growers with dep'eted water supplies from heavy April flowings, but frosts in most instances did not materialize, and while May was another trou- bling month the crop passed the month successfully. During April and May there have been more than 20 frost warnings sent out. There have been frosts, particular- ly two or three leather severe ones in April, but it would appear frost damage has been relatively small as concerns the whole crop and the greatest damage of the frost sea- son has been from excessive use of water made necessary by the un- seasonable cold of parts of April and May. UWater Now Fair — While water supplies were getting low as May began, and dropped still lower as flowing continued, there were rains during the week of May 14th which replenished reservoirs con- siderably, and if there should be June frosts most growers would have water to put into the ditches. TIEarly Start Slowed— The crop is still ahead because of the phe- nomenal start it received the first of the season with the abnormal y warm March, but this advance- ment was considerably slowed down by the cold May. The crop as May ended might not be more than a week or two in advance, rather than from three weeks to a full month, as at end of April. As May ended new growth was well along and early June should see podding out and blossom. UNormal Prospect Now — The season, therefore, has progressed in better fashion than the outlook appeared a month or so ago. Mas- sachusetts cranberries wintered wel", the vines appear healthy, April and May frost damage was relatively light (there was no rep- etition of the May 18 "black" frost of last year), new growth has (Continued on Page 16) Survey Committee Named, Meets In New York— Suggests Wisconsin for Next Meeting Following the receiving and reading of the report of the indus- trial survey firm of Booz, Allen & Hamilton of New York, upon Cran- berry Cannei's, Inc., the American Cranberry Exchange and the "over- all" report upon the entire cran- berry industry, a committee of eight was appointed, and met in New York at the Hotel Pennsyl- vania, May 23 and 24. This com- mittee consists of Ellis D. Atwood, Massachusetts; Theodore H. Budd, New Jersey; Albert Hed'er, Wis- consin, representing the Exchange; John C. Makepeace Massachusetts, Isaac C. Harrison, New Jersey, Charles L. Lewis, Wisconsin, rep- resenting CCI and the executive heads of the two cooperatives, Chester M. Chaney and Marcus L. Urann. At the New York meeting the committee organized, naming Mr. Atwood, chosen president of American Cranberry Exchange and New England Cranberry Sales Company in April, chairman, and Mr. Makepeace, secretary. At the meeting in New York on April 23 and 24 at the Hotel New Yorker, when the report was read, directors of both cooperatives agreed that the report not be made public until the committee to be appointed had been named and had an opportunity to study it. The survey, totaling more than 700 pages, read by Messrs. Smiddy and Campbell of Booz, Allen & Hamil- ton, is divided into three volumes: one concerning CCI, the second the Exchange, and the third, a genera' report upon the entire industry, with general recommendations. Exchange Copies Since that time A. D. Benson, general manager of N. E. Cran- berry Sales, has read the report concerning the Exchange, the "over-all" and parts of the CCI (at request of J. C. Makepeace) at an all-day meeting of directors of N. E. Sales, when the Massachu- setts celegate was named. Mr. Benson is now completing his pre- paration of 60 copies, with charts and graphs furnished by Booz, Allen & Hamilton of the "over- all." These copies will be given to each of the 33 directors of N. E. Sales and to the seven directors of Wisconsin Sales and to directors of Cranberry Growers Company in New Jersey, it is expected. The intention in this, in New England at least, is that as N. E. Sales di- rectors are elected by districts, such members of N. E. Sales as desire may call on their individual directors in their district and see the copies for themselves. This move was taken in response to many requests. Report copies are available at the Middleboro office for members to study. Vernon Goldsworthy has just an- nounced in his May buFetin to members that he has copies of the reports at his office at Wisconsin Rapids which are available to any m.embers who wish to gj over *-hrm at any time, and that it is hoped a plan will be worked out bv which all members may see them. Cranberry Canners Resumes of the most important parts of the complete report con- cerning Cranberry Canners and the "over-all" are being prepared by CCI, and these will be mailed to all members of the processing cooperative. Beyond that, for those who wish to see the report in its entirety, complete copies will be made avai'able at the main office of Canners at Hanson, at Onset, and at other offices of the cooperative. The opportunity to study these two complete re- ports will be open to every cran berry grower, whether a member of Canners or not. The attitude of Mr. Urann from the start has been that inasmuch (Continued on Page 14) Five CRANBERRIES PHOTO MR. ATWOOD STUDIES A VOLUME OF THE SURVEY AT HIS OFFICE ''Office Sought the Man'' In Choice of Atwood to Head the N. E. Sales and the Exchange Now, His Further Election As Chairman of Committee of 8 to Recommend On Survey Report Gives Great Respon- sibility At Crucial Time In Cranberry Industry. By CLARENCE J. HALL In electing Ellis D. Atwood president of New England Cranberry Sales Company and to the office of president of American Cranberry Exchange, these organizations selected a Massachusetts grower who has come to be almost the personification of the words, "Cranberry Grower." He is a grower whose fame outside the incustry is wide-spread. When newspapers or other publications want a story about cranberry growing and tui'n the spotlight upon cranberries, Mr. Atwood and his famous bogs at South Carver are almost invariably within its glow, for at least a portion of the story. He has come to symbolize the Six cranberry grower for many edi- tors. It is safe to say that of the ; relatively few outside of eranber- ', ries who could pla^e a grower by name a large proportion would first think of Mr. Atwood. Within the industry his reputa- tion has long been high. It has come about that the solid substance of his cranberry holdings, his "ong experience, his personal sound judgment and integrity, his honest interest in the betterment of the industry, have been behind most worthwhile moves. In steps of importance his advice and assist- ance have always been sought. Ever a loyal member of cooper- ative fresh fruit marketing, Mr. Atwood has never been prejudiced against canning. In fact, he has been a member of the Advisory committee of Cranberry Canners, Inc., and is a firm believer in the growing possibilities of processed cranberries. The past couple of seasons he has been particularly enthused, in fact, about the recov- ery of floats and the addition of these berries to the salable crop. "Peace-Dale" The "outside" reputation of Mr. Atwood has spread far; for one thing, because of the handsome Christmas-New Year d i s p 1 ays which he and Mrs. Atwood fea- tured every winter at their estate on Sampson's pond. As has been often to'd, the guest books for these annual events have included the names of visitors from most of the states and from foreign coun- tries. "Peace-Dale", which was the designation of the latest displays, was forced into discontinuance by the stringencies of the war. These expressions of public good-will, with their hundreds of multi-col- ored lights, often with many elec- trically-animated figures, although cancel'ed for the duration, will, with the coming of peace, once more express their holiday mes- sage. Model Village The building of a model village for a number of his workers fo- cused attention upon Mr. Atwood. Nowhere else in the industry is there anything on such a scale as these modern, attractive homes, each individually designed, for cranberry workers. Spaced along a wide, double-drive boulevard ("Eda" bou'evard, because of Mr. Atwood's initials), this group of small homes has received much favorable comment. Handsome Screenhouse The screenhouse and oflice build- ing, erected in 1940 by Mr. Atwood to replace a fine screenhouse burned, is on a grand scale, with- out equal in the cranberry field. This handsome structure more re- sembles a .college building than one designed to serve as a screenhouse and office by the side of a cran- berry bog. That a grower could or wou'd build such an edifice for a cranberry-growing use tells to all who see it that cranberry growing is a business of importance. Cranberry Railroad After the War A couple of years ago publicity was once again accorded this Mas- sachusetts grower when he bought most of the equipment of an his- toric narrow-gauge railroad in Maine which was to be abandoned, and began to transport it, locomo- tives, cars and all, to South Car- ver. He had planned to use it to haul berries, sand, or other mater- ials between bogs and screenhouse; to carry workers, himself and guests in the coaches over the por- tions of his property of 1800 acres. This project, he admits, at the same time was something in the line of riding his hobby, which is railroads — the collection of rail- road books, magazines and photo- graphs. Even so, however, it had its practical aspect, a useful rail- road to operate over the property in the growing of cranberries. Be that as it may, there is noth- ing impractical in the use of mod- ern, heavy construction equip- ment, tractors, bulldozers, power shovels, sprayers, dusters, grass clippers, power pickers, float ma- chines (of his own devise). Mr. Atwood has acquired and made use of all these as they have come along. Mr. Atwood a Modest Man Whi'e Mr. Atwood's activities have attracted the eye of the press and public every now and then to an extent not accorded other grow- ers, he has not done these things with that end in view. He has simply had ideas for novel and in- teresting projects, carried these projects out, and the attention has come of its own accord. Within the industry, Mr. Atwood, unobtrusive in attitude, not strid- ent in speech or action, even a bit diffident seeming, never "throws around the weight" of his 205 acres of bog with an annual aver- age production approaching 10,000 barrels. He never intrudes the in- fluence of his long years of posi- tion as one of the larger growers. However, this influence is always ready when asked for, and it is the sound, conservative advice of suc- cessful cranberry experience. In activities outside the indus- try Mr. Atwood has just completed a three-year term as Carver Se- lectman, declining to serve again. He has been on the Carver school committee, on the park commis- sion, and finance committee. He is treasurer and clerk of Union church. Carver, and was trustee of the Carver Methodist church. He i§ Carver committeeman for Vet- STATEMENT BY ELLIS D ATWOOD Within the last forty years two cooperative methods of dis- posing of the cranberry crop have been instituted, one being the American Cranberry Exchange, formed and operated by the energetic efforts of the late Arthur U. Chaney and his brother, Chester M. Chaney, with the assistance of many other growers who should receive their just recognition. To this category may be included the highly regarded Beaton Agency and others of a lesser degree. The other being the processing method courageously started by the efforts of such pioneers as John C. Makepeace, Marcus L. Urann, Enoch F. Bills, the late Elizabeth F. Lee and others and which was later combined to form Cranberry Canners, Inc., und.er the able leadership of Mr. Urann. As these two systems proved of great benefit to many grow- ers, a movement is now on to consolidate them for the common gooi of all. I have been unexpectedly elected to the Presidency of the New England Cranberry Sales Co. and to the American Cranberry Exchange, both of which I consider to be a great honor and, re- sponsibility. In this capacity it is my intention to do my utmost toward the accomplishment of this consolidation, which should combine all of the strengths and eliminate all of the weaknesses that now exist, to the end that an efficient, progressive and har- monious cooperative will come into being in which it will be the desire of all cranberry growers of this nation to participate. In this new cooperative I see a future brighter than any ever experienced in the history of the cranberry industry. erans Rehabilitation of the Ply- mouth Draft Board. He was a director of the Wareham National Bank and is a trustee of the Ware- ham Savings Bank. Honored for Achievements Only a couple of months ago he was named to the Board of Trus- tees, Plymouth County Aid to Agriculture, as "an outstanding cranberry grower of Massachu- setts." In 1942 he was called in to the State Capitol at Boston by U. S. Senator Saltonstall, then governor of Massachusetts, to dis- cuss and serve on the Governor's agricultural labor council. Last winter he was one of four Ply- mouth County cranberry growers to receive "A" pennant awards be- cause he was "successful in secur- ing a good crop in a year of ex- treme hazards by good manage- ment" and for recognition of his "fai-m 'eadership, good citizenry ' and benevolence to his fellow men". This award was fi'om the Massa- chusetts Society for Promoting Agriculture. Mr. Atwood (CRANBERRIES, April, 1939) has been a grower all his life. He is the son of a grow- ( Continued on Pagre 11) ATWOPD SCREENHOUSE. SOUTH CARVER, MASS. 3even ''Dad'' Bennett, Dean of the Wisconsin Cranberry Growers A. E., WITH MRS. BENNETT RECENTLY OBSERVED 60TH WEDDING ANNIVERSARY. Secure in a special niche, in the affection and respect of Wisconsin growers is A. E. Bennett. He was among the leaders in founding Wis- consin Cranberry Sales Company and is the second of only two presi- dents to head that cooperative since its founding in 1906. He succeec ed the late E. P. Arpin. His father, A. C, was the first treasui'er, and A. E. took over that office in the first years of the company. "Dad" Bennett passed his 82nd birthday last August, and on April 14th he and Mrs. Bennett, who is 78, observed their 60th wedding anni- versary, having been married at Clintonville, Wis., in 1885. At the time he was confined to St. Joseph's hospital at Marshfield (Wis.), as for the past half year his health has not been good. He is now at the Bennett home at Cranmoor — a home which was built in 1886 by the .side of the Bennett marsh, mostly of native lumber, when the area was still a forest. The region was then so remote that the way "in" was by a "tram" car over 3x3 inch wooden rails, over the two-mile marshy and wooded route from the nearest railroac . There was no road. It has been Mr. Bennett's privi- just south of that of Ralph Smith. lege and pleasure, and that of Mrs. Bennett as wel", to see the Wiscon- sin cranberry industry develop from very small beginnings to its status last year of a nearly $3,000,- 000 production. They have watched and Mr. Bennett has played a prominent role in the growth of cranberry cultivation in that state from its earlier days. They have seen and taken part in the devel- opment of the town of Cranmoor from an area of wilderness into Wisconsin's leading cranbei'ry community. They have led a life in cranberry growing rich in achievement. Mr. Bennett has the satisfaction of the know'edge that as a past president of Wisconsin State Cranberry Growers Association, treasurer, and long service as president of Wisconsin Sales, he has at least played a measure in the progress of cranberry culture in his state. Mr. Bennett himself is a second generation grower. His father, the late A. C, passed along an in- heritance of cranberry growing, and now Mr. Bennett has passed it along to his son, Ermon E., who is in active management of the "home place" marsh at Cranmoor (CRAN) BERRIES, August 1943). A. C. Bennett, who was born in New York state, was a traveling sales- man. Included in his itinerary were the new and bustling towns of Central Wisconsin. He brought his famiy west in 1871. He fore- saw a splendid future in the grow- ing of this fruit when cultivation was beginning in the region along the Wisconsin river. A. E. was a boy of fifteen when his father built this early marsh Eight Smith was the first to "scalp" a wild cranberry marsh in that state, and A. C. atid Arthur followed suit. The younger Bennett spent summers on the marsh and in win- ter attended Lawrence College at Appleton. Mrs. Bennett and he remember well when the best way into Cran- moor marsh through the swamps and forests was by the "tram" car, which was pushed a'ong. Supplies were thus brought in and women often were passengers, while the men furnished the pushing power. The Bennetts well remember that the method used to visit the Gay- nor marsh near by was by boat poled along the creek and beyond that to the Potter marsh and home. There was no whizzing around by automobile then, over hard roads, as the growers travel today. Mr. Bennett can look back upon being one of the first of Wisconsin cranberry men to visit the East. His first visit back to the East, where he was born before his father moved to Wisconsin, was around 1900 when he and his fath- er visited Whitesbog in New Jer- sey and bought a White cranberry separator. A. C. Bennett was the first dele- gate to the East in 1906 when the Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Com- pany was formed as the first unit of the three which now make up the American Cranberry Exchange. He was East at that time and as- sisted A. U. Chaney in the organi- zation of New England Cranberry .9ales and the New Jersey Cran- berry Sales (now combined with the Growers Cranberry Company). The Bennetts, father and son, developed the Wisconsin native variety, the Bennett Jumbo, which has proven to be one of the best keeping of the native varieties. Although at present it is exceeded in popularity for new plantings by the Searles Jumbo and the Massa- chusetts McFarlin, the discovery of the Bennett Jumbo had its part in the development of Wisconsin cultivation. Grading and sorting methods in vogue owe much to ideas which the Bennetts worked out. In 1937 he was given an honor- ary diploma by the University of Wisconsin, this being an annual award by the agricultui-al college for outstanding achievements in agriculture. When members of New England Cranberry Sales and Growers Cranberry Company made the group visitation to Wisconsin in 1940 it wi'l be remembered that it was Mr. Bennett, as president of Wisconsin Cranberry Sales, who made the address at the welcoming dinner. In 1942 Mr. Bennett was one of four octogenarian members who were honored by Wisconsin Sales, the others being George M. Hill, E. H. Kruger and Richard Rezin, who passed away May 13th. He has served his community in public affairs as well as in cran- berry matters. He has been one of the Wood County Supervisors for 46 years. He helped to organ- ize the agricultural school, is a di- rector of and stockholder in the Wood County National Bank and a stockholder in the Cranmoor Water Company. He has been president of the grammar school district since it was organized in 1906. The 60th wedding anniversary, because of Mr. Bennett's health, was limited to members of the immediate family, Mrs. Bennett, Mr. and Mrs. Oscar 0. Potter, the latter a daughter, and Mr. and Mrs. E. E. Bennett. The Bennetts have 15 grandchildren and 18 great- grandchildren. Among Mr. Bennett's cherished collections are scrap-books contain- ing many old cranberry pictures, including pictures of association conventions held at the Bennett marsh back in the last century and the opening years of the twentieth. Although Mr. Bennett can look back upon great progress for the Wisconsin cranberry industry, he foresees still greater things to come for the state in which he spent his life. Commenting upon the present affluent war years, from his wisdom of years he de- c'ares "Wisconsin will not always have it so easy. We will have our bad years, too, as have other sec- tions and other occupations. But Wisconsin is going to continue to grow as a cranberry state. Yes, there is no question in my mind about that. And there is no doubt in my mind about cranberries be- ing a good business to be in. I I believe the next five or ten years j will be good cranberry years." Mr. Bennett has no regrets that he made cranberry growing in Wisconsin his life work, and Wis- consin growers are proud to hail him as the "dean" of the Wiscon- sin cranberry industry. Higher Wisconsin Production Certain Wisconsin last year had its most successful season ever, pro- ducing 115,000 barrels, with gross returns to the Wisconsin in- dustry getting up toward three million dollars. Last year Wis- consin Cranberry Sales was "high line" of the three units making up the American Cranberry Exchange — and by a very comfortable mar-- gin. Wisconsin growers realize that last year, with its unusual condi- tions in the East, was a year not like'y to be repeated, and have no illusions that the Sales Co. which has 110 members out of Wiscon- sin's 115 growers, will again top New England Cranberry Sales, at least soon. The state, however, is confident it will remain second in production. There is certainly no indication that for the next few years New Jersey will be able to overcome its handicaps sulficient'y to regain second position. While there is hope and justification for the belief that Jersey may be able to "up" its present lowersd rate of production considerably, Wisconsin will grow proportionately greater. Wisconsin rate of increase for the next few years may exceed that of Massachusetts. Wisconsin potentiality is now considered as from 125,000 to 150,- 000 barrels. With growing condi- tions just right all season, the 150,000 figure could be reached any year — this year or next. Mvch new acreage is coming in- to bearing, posfibly as much as 200 acres for the first time this year. Wisconsin acreage is now estimat- ed at 3 300 to 3 400 acres. No survey has recently been made, a'- though one may be in prospect now for the near future. Wisconfin's acreage in 1941 was 2503. Wis- consin average production from 1932 to 1941 was 82,500. Marsh begun before the war, and some built since has now matured or is about to mature. Wisconsin marshes in good con- dition are well capable of produc- ing 50 barrels to the acre. With present acreage and a 50 barrel average on good marshes, the 150,- 000 production can obviously be "hit" any year. The 125,000 fig- ure soon seems more than likely. This is the opinion of a number of the best informed growers. It is the opinion of Vernon Golds- worthy. Conservative Henry F. Bain concurs in the opinion that 150,000 barrels in Wisconsin "could be reached any year now." Wisconsin average per acre is now a Mttle better than 45 barrels. That is the past five-year average. Fifty barrels per acre average may be expected fi-om now on under normal conditions. Much Wiscon- sin bog has been rebuilt and im- proved. New bog is better built than the old. Fifty barrels per acre is now the average in better locations, according to both Mr. Bain and Mr. Goldsworthy. Mr. Bain expects the average yield per acre to go up. "I expect to see the state average pass the 50 bar- rel per acre marsh within the next ten years, and how much more per acre I wouldn't care to say. Some good growers now are getting 70 barrels per acre." "I think Wisconsin will continue to grow", Mr. Bain continues fur- ther. "I see no reason for the s+ate to stop short of a production of 250 000 barre's within the fore- seeable furture. Progress has been laid along broad and sound lines." Some growers are producing 100 barrels to the acre on good marsh- es. One grower (C. L. Jepson of City Point) produced as high as 107 barrels to the acre. His aver- age for the past six years, even in- cluding a very light 1944 crop, has been 83 barrels to the acre. Goldsworthy, who is always an optimist as far as Wisconsin cran- berry production is concerned, does not expect any "boom" in Wiscon- sin. In fact no wise grower wants a "boom". Some growers there now feel that prices being paid for marsh are somewhat above a safe top figure. They hope this ,trend will be short and not extensive. Expansion in Wisconsin so far has been of the steady kind. Dur- ing the past few years nearly a'l Wisconsin growers have had crops which have paid well. Practically every grower in the state is in good financial condition. This has placed the industry on a very sound basis; growers now have a firm financial springboard beneath them. This is in contrast to gen- eral conditions of some years back. Wisconsin production figures for the past eight years, particularly with respect to the higher war prices, tell an easily understood stoiy of why the growers are in good financial shape. Here are the figures: 1944, 115,000 bb s.; '43, 102,000; '42, 107,000; '41, 91,000; '40, (highest production to date), 121,000; '39, 108,000; '38, 64,000; and '37, 115,000. With but a sin- gle PxoPDtion these figures show production above the average of the early and middle 1930s. They also show that Wisconsin has not struck a "big" crop since 1940 with the exception of last year, and that was not "big" in consideration of the total acreage now reached. Wisconsin does not expect to hit the "jack-pot" of the Exchange again this year or next, as it did last year. It does not even hope to catch up to or pass Massachu- setts. Opinion there is that Wis- consin has now reached a point which places that state as the sec- ond producing state, securely for the time being, at 'east, and in a position in which increasingly good crops may be expected for the immediate years. I Twilight Insect Study Meetings, in Plymouth County Cranberry twilight meetings, arranged by J. Richard Beattie, associate Plymouth County Agent, for the discussion of insects, with Dr. Franklin or "Joe" Kelley the "guest" speaker, were held May 31 and June 1 at four locations in Plymouth County. These were at the bogs of Frank Crandon, Main street, Acushnet, and George Briggs, Billington Sea, Plymouth, on the first date, and Alton Smith, Congress street, Duxbury, and the State Bog, East Wareham, on June first. These were arranged to bring growers up-to-date informatun on current insect development, with particular emphasis on Blackhead- ed fireworm. By having the meet- ings distributed over the county it was the intention to have smal er groups at each, giving each grow- er opportunity for entering into discussion with Franklin or Kelley of particular problems. Minor insects were also discussed and samples of pests caught on the bog or brought were shown to the growers for identification and study. The 1945 insect and disease con- trol chart had been distributed during the early part of May. Growers were urged to study it carefully, particularly with refer- ences to the inclusion of Rotenone for the first time in three years, and also the new materia', Saba- dilla, this being one of the controls for Blackheaded fireworm and bluntnosed leafhopper. These meetings proved very pop- ular last year, and growers heart- ily approve of this program. Nine Sprinkler Systems for Cranberries By EMILE C. ST. JACQUES (Editor's Note: — The following is the paper read by Mr. St. Jacques of Hayden Separator Manufacturing Company, of Wareham, at April meetings of Cranberry clubs, and printed this month as an- nounced in the last issue.) Sprinkler systems were origin- ally developed for use in irriga- tion, to assist in a more even dis- tribution of moisture to the grow- ing crops, particularly during the months of June, Ju'y and August, when there is a deficiency of rain- fall in many localities. Irrigation is obtained in several different ways: 1st: by ditches leading to the ends of the field r-ows, and gates where the water can be let down into the rows. 2nd: by porous hose laid in the rows, and attached to a pipe line. 3rd: by perforated hose or pipe laid in the rows, or overhead, so that the plants are covered with moisture in addition to the mois- ture around the roots. 4th: by revolving sprinkler heads, distributing moisture over a considerable area with a minimum of pipe. Where irrigation alone is the purpose desired, it is customary to irrigate only a portion of the he'd at one time, to save pipe and to save on the size of the pumping equipment. It is usually planned to have a permanent main, with branches for about one-fourth to one-sixth of the total area. After irrigating one section, the branch pipes are moved to irrigate another portion of the area, and so on, un- til the entire area is covered in four to six days. Several years ago, it was dis- covered that sprinkler systems could be used successfully as a frost protection, and was quickly adopted by the cranberry growers in Oregon and Washington for that purpose. Experience has shown that good protection could be ob- tained with temperatures as low as 22 degrees in several instances, and in one instance as low as 18 degrees. When the temperature drops to 24 to 26 degrees, the mist forms an ice fi m over the entire cranberry plant, insulating it against frost damage. There seems to be a difference of opinion in that case, whether to keep the sprinklers going until the ice has been melted by the rising temper- ature or to stop when the temper- ature has risen only above the danger point. Protection from frost starts as soon as the sprinkler system is in full operation. The mists from the heads create an artificial fog, raising the temperature from 3 Ten degrees to 6 degrees. When tem- pei'atui'e is very low, ice forms on the plant, insulating against frost damage. It is important to keep the system in operation during the entire period oV temperatures low- er than 30 dfgrees to 32 degrees. Sprinkler systems for cranberry bogs are best adapted to semi-dry or marginal bogs, name"y, those with a reasonable certainty of win- ter flood, but an insufficient quan- tity for six to ten spring flows and an equal number of fall flows. For an equal degree of protection, sprinkler systems require only about 20 per cent to 30 per cent as much water as a frost flow. As an example, one acre of bog re- quires 170,000 gallons of water to flow 6 inches deep for a moderate frost. A sprinkler system oper- ating for ten hours requires 50,000 gallons of water per acre. How- ever, in the majority of frosts, the saving is much more than the fig- ures given above, since full protec- tion can be obtained as soon as the system is in operation. It is cus- tomary to wait until the temper- ature has dropped to 32 degrees or even 31 degrees, and to stop when the temperature has risen to 42 degrees again, after the frost. In this way, the average usage of water will be from 20,000 to 35,000 gallons per acre, as against 150,- 000 to 180,000 gallons for regular flowing. It is conceded that frequent flowing (as has been done this spring) will create a certain amount of damage to the vines and to the buds. This is not true with sprinkler usage, as it simulates rain, and does not soak the ground and vines as thoroughly as flowing. This is partially true during the middle and latter part of June, when most bogs are in b'ossom. Flowing at this period would be disastrous, and fully as damaging as most frosts that occur then. This is not true of sprinkler sys- tems, as it is merely a moderate rain. A secondary but important bei'e- fit from sprinkler systems is irri- gation dur'ng long dry weather, such as frequently occurs in July and August. Weekly application of the equivalent of one-half inch of rain will materia'ly help the vines, increase the number and size of fruit, and, if used within reason, will make firm, healthy berries. Some sprinkler manufacturers claim that it is possible to apply insecticides and liquid fertilizers with the system. At the present, insecticides must be applied under pressure, to give good coverage within the vines as well as on top. Most fertilizers are highly corros- ive, and wou'd seriously damage the entire system. It is entirely | possible that new post-war chem- icals can be adapted for use as agricultural insecticides and ferti- lizers. But until such time arrives it is not recommended that sprink- ler systems be used. The pipe generally used is the standard galvanized pipe. Quick detachable steel tube is often used on farms for irrigation, particular- ly on branch lines that are moved frequent'y. It is rather more ex- pensive than galvanized pipe, and is of no particular advantage on cranberry bogs, where the entire area must be piped for frost pro- tection. Work is now being done on a war contract, on black steel pipe coated with plastic elastic coat- ing that is impervious to water and highly resistant to wear. It is expected that this will be available in the future, and will be less ex- pensive than galvanized pipe. So that other bog operations such as dusting, spraying, sanding and picking wil' not be interfered with, the best place to lay pipe is at the ditches, either at ditch level with risers 18 in. to 24 in. fo.r the heads, or on standards above the ditches. Since the distance be- tween ditches varies considerably on different bogs, each installation should be engineered accurately, for spacing of laterals, sizes of heads, pressure, capacity of pump and horsepower of driving unit. The piping is sometimes removed in the fall and reinstated the fol- lowing spring. Some instalations are left out continuously, well drained if above winter flow, or at ditch level, providing the ice is not so deep that the pipe is imbedded in the ice. There are several good makes of sprinkler heads used. In the Pa- cific Coast area, the cranbei-ry growers use Rainbird or Buckner heads large' y. Each manufacturer makes several sizes of heads, each size with two or three different openings. It is possible to vary the diameter of throw with these heads, and the quantity of water to suit the particular installation, by varying the size head and the pressure at the head. The pumps most common'y used are the horizontal centrifugal pumps, single stage for low pres- sures, and two stage for higher pressures, althouirh some vertical duplex or triplex plunger pumps are used. The driving units are electric motors, stationary gasoline or Diesel engines, tractors, or used automobile engines. Operating pressures at the last head vary from 30 lbs. to 60 lbs. for civc e diameters from 70 ft. to 140 ft. The circle diameters must overlap to leave no gaps. There- fore, the circle diameter must be 30 per cent to 35 per cent greater than the ditch spacing. Ditch spacing of 70 feet require spray circle diameters of about 100 feet, and ditches 100 feet apart require 130 ft. to 135 ft. circles. To the above operating head pressures should be added friction losses in pipe mains and branches. These can be considerable, and materially increase the pressure required at the pump. Short mains are desirable to reduce these fric- tion losses. In many cases, it will be more economical to use 'arger pipe mains to reduce the losses, as it may mean a saving in the size of the pump and the horse- power required to operate. of five to ten acres. Bogs over 10 acres with only one pump increase again, because of long mains, and pipe friction losses, pumps and motors being more expensive pro rata. Estimated Costs per Acre (not including wells) : 1 to 3 acres— $675.00 to $700.00 4 to 10 acres— $590.00 to $630.00 12 to 15 acres— $650.00 to $680.00 (one pump plant) 16 to 20 acres— $670.00 to $720.00 (one pump plant) These estimates are based on present costs of materials and la- bor, and are about 30 per cent higher than in 1939. The cost of a sprinkler system is considerable, but great' y increases Table of Pounds Lost per 100' of Pipe 15 Years Old: Gallons Per Minute 100 150 200 300 500 1000 Sizes of Pipe l'/2" 2" 2V2" 3" 4" 5" 6" 8" 45 151/2 5. 2. 0.5 .17 34 10.8 4.5 1.1 .38 .14 56 19. 7.7 1.9 .65 .27 16.5 4.0 1.3 .56 .14 10.4 2.5 1.4 .36 • 5.2 1.3 The best source of water supply is a nearby lake, reservoir, or stream with sure supply of suffic- ient water. This is the most eco- nomical for original cost, and for cost of maintenance. For small bogs, driven wells of suitable number and size can furnish suf- ficient water, if the subsoil is por- ous to give the required gallonage steadily for severa' continuous hours of pumping. Care should be exercised in the lavout of the well field, that each well does not draw on the supply to adjoining wells. It is best to consult with an ex- perienced well contractor, before going to the expense of drilling. Another source of supp'y for a small number of cranberry bogs is a town water supply if it is near- by and the operating pressure at the town main is from 70 lbs. to 100 lbs. The cost of the water consumed is considerably more t'^an when free water, is used. But there is a considerable saving in the initial cost of the system, as no pumps or motors are needed. It is estimated that five to eight years of usage will bring the total cost of the system equal to that of using free water with a pump or motor. The cost of instajlation of a sprinkler system varies somewhat with the size and shape of the bog, the availabiity of water supply, the spacing of ditches, etc. Because of these factors, only an estimate can bs given as guide, with varia- tions as much as 15 per cent below and 40 per cent above. Bogs of one to three acres must bear the ylentire load of the pumping plant, somewhat more per acre than bogs the value of the bog, and insures a much more profitable average pro- duction. For a marginal bog, it eliminates most of the hazards of frosts and droug'ht, and will im- prove the property to a first class productive proposition. Atwood (Continued from Page 7) er, Stephen Dexter Atwood, one of the pioneers when Carver was achieving leadership in cranberry production, and the grandson of Stephen Dexter Atwood, who be- gan growing cranberries about 1880. Although a third generation grower, Mr. Atwood started out with but three acres of bog in his own name. Under his manage- ment the Atwood bogs have ex- panded to their present 205. Offices Sought the Man Rather hoping to ~ retire from offices he has held, as he did from Selectman Mr. Atwood did not seek the office of president of New England Cranberry Sales. He ha,d been first vice president for four years. But it was the old story of "the office seeking the man." He went down to the Ex- change meeting in New York in April without the s'ightest thought of coming home its president. He left the meeting for a few mom- ents. During his absence he had been elected. As concerns the cooperative world of the cranberry field, Mr. Atwood's selection to top elective office in the Exchange and as head of the largest unit of the Exchange obviously came at a most critical time. The survey of Booz, Allen & Hamilton upon the two cooper- atives and the industry as a whole has laid open the whole marketing prob'em of the cooperatives. The future selling of both fresh and processed cranberries is now under debate. New England Sales and the Ex- change, aware of the crisis within the industry, have selected as their head a man kindly and benevolent by nature, conservative in business judgment, retiring by nature, even though so often publicized; a man respected for his integrity and for his devotion to the cranberry in- dustry as a whole; a man who has worked within this industry all the years of his adult life. Mr. Atwood has accepted the re- sponsibilities of these dual presi- dencies and of appointment to and chairmanship of the committee of eight to make recommendations, with a deep sense of his duty to the future of the cranberry indus- try. He has begun his duties in a spirit of an "open mind." To whatever extent it may fall to his lot to help make recommendations his own decisions will be based upon fairness and for the best in- terests of cranberry growing, as he perceives these interests to be. Chaney Remarks At April N. E. Sales Meeting The 1944 cranberry season, from the standpoint of our sales and actual consumption of fresh cran- berries, will, I believe, go down in history as being the shortest on record, and there is no doubt about its being the shortest in quantity as compared to demand. Had it been possible to make shipments as fast as our customers wanted them, I doubt if there would have been as much as 50 per cent of the markets that would have had a reasonable supply of fresh cran- berries left to be consumed on Thanksgiving- Day. As it was, many of our customers were cleaned out entire'y before Thanks- giving and only a few had any sup- ply for the Christmas trade. In my report to the directors of the Exchange dated J\.pril 25, 1944, I referred to the 1943 season as being an unusual one and so differ- ent from any previous one that it was difficult to make intelligent or fair comparisons. Naturally, I did not at that time know what was ahead of us for the 1944 season, which we now know was so different from any previous season, with one excep- tion, that comparisons mean little. The one exception was the size (Continued on Page 19) Eleven Ti l-E: rMlIi»i3fliifl5!%r'^-^ ^ ^ ■ ' ^ BUY STILL ANOTHER BOND IN THE MIGHTY 7TH This is the 37th of a series of war-time messages sponsored by the following public- spirited firms and individuals. Slocum-Cibbs Cranberry Co. RUEL S. GIBBS, Gen. Mgr. Jesse A. Holmes & Son Sawmills at Carver, Mass. Tel. Carver 10-3 Fuller-Hammond Co. Onset , Mass. ROBT. C. HAMMOND Decas Cranberry Company Growers and Shippers of CAPE COD CRANBERRIES Wareham, Mass. Smith-Hammond Co. Pt. Independence, Mass. CARLETON D. HAMMOND General Manager CARLETON D. HAMMOND, JR. Ass't General Manager Acushnet Saw Mills Co. New Bedford, Mass. GOOD WOOD BOXES Est. 1865 L. B. R. BARKER Buzzards Bay Mass. H. R. BAILEY CO. South Carver, Mass. ELLIS D. ATWOOD South Carver, Mass. ISSUE OF JUNE, 1945 Vol. 10 No. 2 THE survey report by Booz, Allen & Hamilton, New York industrial survey firm, of Cranberry Canners, Inc., the American Cranberry Exchange, and of 1he cranberry industry in general, author- ized voluntarily, and paid for by the two cooperatives, is the subject of discussion whenever two or mor cranberry growers meet. Effecting directly 1200 or more growers as members of one or both organizations, and, indirectly, all independents and oth- ers who have any intersts within the in- dustry, the report could not fail to be of universal cranberry concern. The report, in the three volumes of more than 700 pages, is the property of the two cooperatives. Members of both cooperatives in the main, at least, yet await the opportunity of hearing, or read- ing for themselves, the contents of the survey. There are, howevr, few within the industry, both cooperatives and inde- pendents, who have not Tieard from first, second or third-hand sources accounts of parts of the survey. Plans are now being made whereby the contents of this outside analysis, with recommendations, may be made more generally available. The very bulk of the report has pre- sented considerable of a problem in the dissemination of the contents to all mem- bers of the cooperatives. The report, of which all cooperative members will pay their proportionate share of the cost, is declared to be "no secret", at least as far as the cooperative membership of the industry is concerned. If independent growers are given an op- portunity to study the holdings it would be because the cooperatives believe the whole industry would be best served that way. As this is written, no plans regard- ing the general inspection of all three volumes have been completed. It seems likely, however, that the contents or at least a resume of all most important points will become widely known. The cooperative way of working is from the "bottom up", the democratic way, all cooperative members to have a vote in any decisions reached. The survey certainly has opened up some mighty problems within the industry and, whatever result- ant action is taken, can shape the destiny of the industry for decades to come. So vast are the problems that every CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS Subscription $2.60 per year Advertising rates upon application Editor and Publisher CLARENCE J. HALL LEMUEL C. HALL Associate Editor CORRESPONDENTS-ADVISORS Wisconsin VERNON GOLDSWORTHY Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin Washington-Oregon J. D. CROWLEY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. ETHEL M. KRANICK Bandon, Oregon Massachusetts DR. HENRY J. FRANKLIN Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Statidn East Wareham, Mass. BERTRAM TOMLINSON Barnstable County Agricultural Agent Barnstable, Mass. New Jersey CHARLES A. DOEHLERT, Acting Chief, New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station, Pemberton, New Jersey activity in the cranberry industry can be eflfected. All within the industry have an interest — a "stake" — in the matters in- volved. Independents have rights and so has the general public consuming cran- berries in any form. What the coopera- tives want is harmony and efficient work- ing between the fresh fruit and processing branches of the cooperative field. What every cranberry grower, cooperative and independent alike, wants is a strong and sound cranberry industry. The public is entitled to the best cranberries that can be grown, reaching them at fair market prices. From this point on. final steps in any direction should be taken only after the most careful consideration has been given every angle of all problems by the ablest minds in the cooperatives and by the "rank and file." Tbirteen Joinf Committee Issues Foil of Eight owing Statement In April the directors of Ameri- can Cranberry Exchange and Cran- berry Canners, Inc., each appointed a Committee of four to act jointly in a study of coorc ination of re- sources and effort in marketing the entire crops of their grower mem- bers so as to reach the consuming public in the most acceptable form whether as fresh fruit or processed. This Joint Committee consists of: Ellis D. Atwood of Massachusetts; Theodore H. Budd of New Jersey; Chester M. Chaney of the Ex- change; Isaac Harrison of New Jersey; Albert Hedler of Wiscon- sin; Charles L. Lewis of Wiscon- sin; John C. Makepeace of Massa- chusetts; Marcus L. Urann of Mas- sachusetts. The Committee held its first meeting at Hotel Pennsylvania, New York City on May 22-23, 1945, when all members were present and organized by the choice of El- lis D. Atwood as chairman, Charles L. Lewis as vice chairman, John C. Makepeace as secretary. Survey Committee Meets (Continued from Page 5) as this sui-vey vi'as extended to include the entire industry the whole industry has a vital "stake" in the results of the survey, and so every cranberry grower should have the privilege of examination of the reports and recommenda- tions made by Booz, Allen & Ham- ilton. One of the problems encountered concerning the making public of the survey to a'l members of Can- ners and the Sales Company has been the size of the repoi't with the more than 700 pages and vari- ous charts, graphs and tables. Copies would have to be mime- ographed, as New England Sales Company is doing with the 60, or printed, and photostats made from charts and graphs. The committee report of the New Yorw meeting appears above. Committee to Wisconsin Plans now are for a second meet- ing of the committee of eight at Wisconsin Rapids, about June 11. ARlBHS-Ti/ler — THE MOST MPLETE LINE OF TILLAGE EQUIPMENT IN THE WORLD CA PACITIES 14 IN TO ; FT CUTTING WIDTHS ARIENS CO. BOX SOB BRILLION. WIS Previous to this meeting mem- bers of the committee, as well as directors of the respective organ- izations had considered a survey of the history and affairs of the component marketing agencies and of the industry as a whole, as pre- pared by the business survey and management counsel firm of Booz, Allen & Hamilton, the reports of which had been presented on April 23-26. These reports, together with cata obtained from other sources, were considered, and dis- cussed as to their bearing on var- ious phases of the long range fu- ture of the industry. All members of the Committee acknowledged the sound foresight of the founders of the cranberry cooperative organization in its sev- eral branches and its important contribution in the respective fielcs to the stability of the cranberry industry. It is recognized that the activities should, appropriately sup- plement each other rather than conflict, to the end that there may be greater stability in the industry, more intelligent and better coordi- nated crop distribution, more eno- nomical and efficient management, wider and more elaborate service to growers in solving their various problems of cultivation and move- ment of crop by the most direct means, and. better products and service for the consumers. During the course of these discussions, the following resolutions were each severally considered and unani- mously adopted: RESOLVED: That this Commit- tee is determined that its delibera- tions, actions and recommendations shall be to instill grower confidence in the future security of the indus- try and the fullest utilization and marketing of its products under the direction of the growers them- selves. RESOLVED: That this Commit- tee approves the objective of a single National Cooperative for the cranberry industry and adopts the principle that all acts, resolutions and decisions of the Committee and of all branches of the industry should be directed toward the at- tainment of the objective as and when grower sentiment is favor- able. RESOLVED: That pending such consolidation, the berries to be marketed annually through the ex- isting cooperatives should, be divid- ed equally between fresh fruit sales and processing until each has re- ceaved at least 200,000 barrels and any excess over that quantity W* Have Lilting* ol Cranberry Bofs. Large and Small FOR SALE Geo. A. Cole Agency WILDA HANEY Decas Block Wareham, Maaeachusetts bim 5|Q PROTECT THIS YEAR'S PROMISE FOR A PROFITABLE CRANBERRY CROP Use Black Leaf 40 in accordance with state recommendations for the control of Spittle Insect Blackheaded Fireworm Blunt-Nosed Leafhopper Red-Striped Fireworm TOBACCO BY-PRODUCTS & CHEMICAL CORP. Incorporated LOUISVILLE. KENTUCKY Fourteen should be handled as the Joint Commiitee may determine; and that to this end if either coopei-- ative receives more than its share it shall deliver the appropriate quantity of berries to the other. RESOLVED: That inasmuch as the question of special contracts relating- to berries d.elivered direct to the canneries will be eliminated by the organization of one over-all cooperative, our efforts be cirected toward early formation of such a cooperative. RESOLVED: That John R. Quarles and Karl D. Loose he in- vited to act as counsel to prepare and submit a corporate set-up for one cooperative. RESOLVED: That Canners and the Exchange and its affiliated state companies are requested to furnish pertinent figures and. in- formation for use of this Commit- tee; particularly are they requested to prepare and furnish a schedule of the last 5-year production of each member and of his interest in the respective revolving funds and fund created for purchase of stock of Cranberry Canners, Inc., this information to be used in comput- ing patronage basis for stock al- lotment by the consolidated, organ- ization. RESOLVED: That this Commit- tee as the duly constituted Industry Committee of the cranberry grow- ers is, and the Board of Directors (when elected) of the one national cooperative which is expected to suceed it will be, the representative of the growers who have the full, final and complete authority. Ac- cordingly this Committee and, the Board of Directors representing all producing areas have full power to fix, determine and direct the policies and procedure of the mar- keting of the crop, both fresh and processed, and the direction of and control over all officers, agents and employees engaged in the opera- tions of marketing- and processing the crop of its members. OTHER SURVEY MATTERS Special N. E. Sales Company Meeting The special meeting of the di- rectors of New England Cranberry Sales Company, which the mem- bers instructed the directors to call at the annual meeting at Carver, April 20th, is to be held at Carver Town Hall, June 22nd. This will be a day meeting, and by the vote of the members all members are to be invited to attend, the purpose being to consider contracts. Wisconsin Complies With Recommendations Report in general was very fa- vorable to Wisconsin Cranberry Sales in operatio nana manage- ment, except for a recommendation in the handling of the revolving fund and d.ividend from Canners. In this connection four resolutions were prepared by Manager Golds- worthy and have been voted by the directors, thus already placing Wisconsin Sales in accordance with the recommendations by Booz, Al- len & Hamilton. Jersey Directors Meet June 7 Theodore H. Bud.d, president of Growers Cranberry Company, has called a meeting of directors of that New Jersey cooperative for Thursday, June 7th, for the pur- pose of placing before them the survey, including the "over-all," giving as much information as may be desired. Directors at that time will also be given the report and recommendations of the committee of eight. Assistant for Mr. Urann An assistant for Mr. Urann, head of Cranberry Canners, was one of the recommendations of the survey, and in his monthly broad- cast on May 1 to Massachusetts growers, Mr. Urann, asserung he agreed with the survey 100 per cent in this respect, said Booz, Allen & Hamilton have a depart- ment for locating personnel, hav- ing contact with 80,000 psrsons, and out of these he hoped just the right man for him could be found. (Continued on Page 18) MATHEWS Portable Wheel Conveyers LIGHT • STRONG • ECONOMICAL These strong, moderately priced sections are available in 5' and 10' lengths, emd with 8, 10, or 12 -wheels per foot, 45° and 90° Curves and attractive Tripod Supports are standard accessories. The Type 118 Wheel is of the highest quality, the result of 40 years of Mathews experience in conveyer bearing and wheel manufacture. Universal Couplings make sec- tions easy to set up and take down. New bulletin and prices available immediately upon request. MATHEWS CONVEYER COMPANY TENTH STREET • ELLWOOD CITY, PENNA. In New England FROST INSECTICIDE COMPANY • ARLINGTON, MASS. Fifteen PLEASE, NO DELAY ON 1945 MACHINERY ORDERS Orders for Dusters must be received immediately. This is the last chance for delivery this season. Fall Equipment should be ordered now. Also orders for Pumps for summer and fall use. Orders are still several months behind in filling, in spite of our hardest ef- forts to keep up. Please don't delay in letting us know your requirements as far ahead of need as possible. '45 is still a difficult year. HAYDEN SEPARATOR MANUFACTURING CO. E. C. St. Jacques WAREHAM, MASS. Fresh from the Fields (Continued from Page 5) come along well, water supplies are fair. Prospects, generally speak- ing, may now be said to be back about where they were when grow- ers first saw the vines after win- tering, for a normal, or average crop, maybe a litfe better. Dr. Franklin would expect larger (and fewer) berries from the extreme high temperatures of March. TIGypsies Plentiful — Gypsy moth had showed up very early and very plentiful in both Plymouth and Barnstable counties, but the cold May has slowed down the activity of the pests. Fireworm was begin- ning to show up quite heavily, also, and control of these insects was the immediate main prob'em as l,ne season went into June. WISCONSIN USame Cold May — Same co'd, cloudy and often frosty weather which has harrassed Eastern grow- ers prevailed in Wisconsin during late April and May. Radio frost calls went out many nights and most growers let the water stay on after putting it back from an ear- ly "breather". As there are no dry bogs in Wisconsin, little dam- age from frost was expected, al- though a few growers preferred to take a chance on the cold rather than leaving the water on. The biggest question in the minds of the growers is how much had the buds started in March and if there had been enough start to cause much injury by water. IJWater Supply Low — Growers also need more water than now appears in sight for June frosts, as brooks and streams are very Sixteen 'ow. The usual heavy spring rains did not fall this year. Water was drawn off from about May 20th on, it being felt it could be held no longer, in spite of the con- tinuing cold. nCrop Could be 11.5 to 12.5,000— In spite of the spring situation, Vernon Goldsworthy is ready to take a chance and say now that, barring unpredictable disasters, Wisconsin marshes should produce between 115 and 125,000 barrels this fall. Some others feel that buds may have started from early warmth and water may consequent- ly have caused considerable injury. Henry F. Bain was making no comments until he could observe later conditions. USpraying — For the first time this year, Wisconsin in general is spraying for fireworm. A spray- ing program has been worked out by Goldswoi'thy, as tried out on his own Berlin marsh the past cou- ple of years. Cryolite is to be used in the first sprays and cryo- lite and nicotine sulphate for the second and third broods. Previ- ously most growers have relied up- on water for fireworm control and there has been a Mttle dusting. Eight or ten new Bean sprayers, ordered through Wisconsin Cran- berry Sales, have arrived and have been distributed to the growers who purchased. NEW JERSEY UMany Warnings, Little Damage — During May there were ten or so frost warnings issued and temper- atures generally ranged between 26 and .30. Much water was used tor reflowing, but so far no reports of serious damage to cranberries have been received. Bogs drawn early in April are now making a good showing. HHampered Work— With the many reflows it has been impos- sible to get much work done. Some kerosene spraying was accom- p'ished late in April, but much that was planned will have to wait un- til next year. ^Blueberries Hit Hard — The cold spell which ended April was not destructive to cranberries in New Jersey, the lowest temperatures recorded being 24 degrees. A freeze of the night of April 22, however, increased damage to blueberries so that earlier impressions of a 50 per cent loss in crop prospecw for the state's blueberry industry may very possib'y become a fact. OREGON estate Entomologist Visits — Robert E. Reider, extension ento- mologist and plant pathologist of Oregon State College, has visited the Bandon area, and was a guesc- of the Southeastern Oregon Cran- berry club at Bandon. He visite'! a number of cranberry bogs witli George Jenkins, Coos County ag- ent, and found infestations of strawberry root weevil. This, he believed, had caused some damage which had been attributed to gird- ler. Arrangements are being made by Agent Jenkins, whereby it is hoped Mr. Reider may be able to work with D. J. Crowley, Wash- ington state cranberry specialist, to obtain more information about cranberry work and problems. HCape Blanco Planted— The Cape B anco marsh is completely planted and looks very well. This is the bog of the Uranns of Ma.-;-!achu- setts. K R Y O C I D E The Natural Cryolite Insecticide MAY BE USED AS A SPRAY OR DUST HUBBARD KRYOCIDE DUST Contains 50% Kryocide Thoroughly Mixed - Ready to Use HUBBARD PYRETHRUM DUST Limited Supply Only Orders Filled in Rotation as Received HUBBARD FAMOUS FERTILIZERS New England Favorites since 1878 ^^^TILIZBB^ FOR SALE BY John J. Beaton Co Wareham John Hinckley & Son Co. Hyannis C. H. Bryant . Wareham Victor Leeman West Barnstable Buzzards Bay Grain Co. .Buzzards Bay B. C. Shaw Middleboro George A. Cowen Rochester John F. Shields Osterville Cranberry Canners, Inc. ..Onset Shurtleff Hardware Co. ....Middleboro MANUEL A. SOUZA General Agent Telephone Marion 236 Manufactured and Distributed by THE ROGERS & HUBBARD COMPANY PORTLAND, CONNECTICUT Established in 1878 Survey Matters (Continued from Page IS) The man would have to be one who is famiiiar with cooperatives, preferably with a farm back- ground, a college man, and a top- notch business man, who will "guide Cranberry Canners smooth - ly, efficiently and profitably for the growers", he said. "Many of you growers have said the same thing many times, that I should have an assistant, and I know you have been concerned as to how Cranberry Canners would carry on if I failed to show up some morning. Well, I have every confidence that our depaitment heads would carry on just as effec- tively as they do now, but of course a common denominator, a synchronizer, is necessary, and I know you will be relieved to know that a top-notch organization is now searching for an assistant synchronizer for Cranberry Can- ners. "When I get that assistant, I am going to have a picnic, with little to do but go around and visit you growers and sit on the edge of your bogs and talk cranberries, and, believe me, that's going to be the pleasantest job I've had for years." Fresh from the Fields (Continued from Page 16) WASHINGTON USpring Late — Spring has been long delayed this year, with rain almost continuous through April and May, frosts few and far be- tween. Spring spraying for fire- worm was considerably delayed. There has for several years been a cranberry "boom" attitude in Grayland, particularly Bandon area in Oregon, now that interest in cranberries is definitely on the JARI POWER SCYTHE Cuts weeds, grass, brush Write for details upgrade in the Long Beach dis- trict. D. J. Crowley is even pre- dicting that the greatest increase in production on the West Coast may yet come from the Peninsula. This was the original center of the cranberry industry on the Coast and there is a large amount of un- improved land suitable for cran- berry growing, but this was held back chiefly by unfavorable records of the old bogs. Two bogs have just changed hands. Mr. and Mrs. Robert Ostgard of Portland, Ore- gon, have purchased the Tom Bloomer property east of Penin- sula road, consisting of 23 acres. They have also purchased from Melvin Hatfield an additional ad- joining seven acres. The D. A. Fugh cranberry bog was sold at public auction to G. C. Lillegard, formerly of Grayland, who is now operating Cranberry Canners plant at Coquille, Oregon. This prop- erty was sold to settle the estate of the late Mr. Pugh, Mr. Lillegard being high bidder with S7,700. Rolla Parrish has just completed the installation of his new sprink- ler system and finds it operates perfectly. This new installation gives him approximately 30 more acres under sprinklers, and he ex- pects it will increase his produc- tion considerably. Seven carloads of transit asbes- tos cement pipe have been received at the 100 acre Guy C. Myer bog, where the pipe will be used for water mains for the huge sprink- ler system he is installing there. The mains range in size trom 18 inches down to four inch. History Continuation Omitted This Month The season is very late at Gray- land, and spraying that usually commences about 10th of May was not begun unti around tne 20th. However, bogs look in fine shape, and up to the end of May nau suf- fered no frost injury. Caico Rainmaker Portable Steel Pipe Buckner Sprinklers Overhead Irrigation Jari Power Scyfhe 36" Sickle Mower Milorganite Organic 6% Nitrogen Fertilizer The continuation of the "History of the Growers Cranberry Com- pany of New Jersey," begun in the last issue, is omitted this month because of more important ma- terial. POW Labor Being- Used by Growers In Wisconsin Wisconsin growers have availed themselves of the use of prisoners of war, and about 200 are stationed at the Wisconsin Rapids airport, most of this allotment being as- signed to cranberry work, it being primarily through the efforts of the growers the camp was set up. The growers are paying the goverment the prevailing wage for cranberry work and the prisoners receive 80 cents a day in scrip, to be spent in the canteen at the Airport. Meals are furnished by the Army and the growers provide the trans- portation from the camp to the marsh and return. Every report received from a-iowers is that the work of the POWS is much more satisfactory ti an that of Barbadians or Jamai- cans which Wisconsin used in past war years. In fact, the growers are very enthusiastic about the labor. The establishment of the camp owes much to the efforts of Wil- liam F. Huffman, chairman of the Labor Committee of Wisconsin ' lanberry Sales Company, and Bernard Brazeau, who worked Closely with Huffman. Credit for getting the camp ready goes to BETTER IRRIGATION Wifh LESS WATER A Model For Every Pressure For Farm, OrSTard or Truck Garilen. Eaiily cind quickly moijnted on any irrigotion pip*. Heavy duly brqts end bronze conttruction for long tervu^. Sand and dirt proof. Wa- ter lubricatedgwaringt— no oil or greate re- quired. No fm moving parts to rapidly wear out. Md|^um coverage— even dittri- bulion. PI IVrifeJ[inJi(AtSfure and pricei. New England Toro Co. riisritrriuroiis for nkw kncl/vnd ll.:i W;.>l.ini:l.irl St. W.-.I. N.wU.n - IllCrlow 7900 BUCKNER MANUFACTURING CO. 161S Blackstone Ave., Fresno, California New England Toro Co. DISTRinUTORS FOR NEW ENGLAND H DISTRIBUTORS FOR NEW ENGLAND - ^m n||A|/t|rn CnniMUimO /ashinclon St.. West Newton — HIGclow 7900 | 1121 WashinBlort St.. West Newton — BlOelow 7900 ^^^ KIJuIiNlK uPKINKLlKu Eighteen « THOSE WHO KNOW, CHOOSE CAPE COD CRANBERRIES age PLYMOUTH Tel. 740 Peter A. LeSage YARMOUTH Distributor of Cape Cod Cranberries xei. Barnstable 107 Forest P. Mengel, primarily, a former contsruction contractor, and to Henry Dukart. Wisconsin growers feel that without Mr. Kengel's knowledge and experi- ence and his hard work the camp would not have been possible. Growers who are using the POWS or will use them before and of the season are: Central Cran- berry Company, A. E. Bennett & Son; J. Searles Cranberry Com- pany, William F. Huffman, Gaynor Cranberry Company, Biron Cran- berry Company, William F. Thiele, Mrs. A. C. Otto, Lester Cranberry Company, Potter & Son, J. J. Emmerick Company, Ed. Kruger, Richard Damme, C. D. Searles & Son and A. J. Amundson Cranberry Company. BLUEBERRY PROPAGATION "Propagating Blueberries from Hardwood Cuttings", is the title of circu'ar 490, just issued by the New Jersey Agricultural Experi- ment Station, Rutgers University, and written by Charles A. Doeh- lert. Acting Chief, Cranberry and Blueberry Research Laboratory, Pemberton, New Jersey. In this Mr. Doehlert says the propagation of blueberries is not particularly difficult, although there have been many failures — and some "spectac- ular" ones. Propagators have been getting 80 to 100 per cent of the cuttings to grow, following prac- tices described in the circular. A certification for 150 German prisoners of war for growers of I Barnstable County (Cape Cod) on- ly is announced by Bertram Tom- linson, county agent. Cranberry Canners, Inc., being the contract- ing agency between the Army and, the grower. This labor would be released for harvesting, other fall work, and not for work in packing houses, under the certification, and if the prisoners are then available and wanted by the growers of the Cape. Chaney Remarks (Continued from Pagre 11) of the total crop, and we have to go back 26 years, that is to 1918, to find a crop of comparable size. The crop that year was 375,000 barrels, or approximately the same as 1944. That, as you know, was the last year of World War I. It was also our first year of national advertising. Our total expenditure for advertising for the season of 1918 amounted to slightly in excess of $54,000. Sugar was very scarce, and was rationed at two pounds per person per month. Our opening price on Early Blacks in 1918 was $8.00 per barrel, and our average for the season, all varie- ties, all producing sections com- bined, was $8.88 per barrel. As many of you know, when we came to actually confirming our conditional orders on Early Blacks from the 1944 crop, we pro-rated on the basis of 20% of orders en- tered. Therefore, we know we could have sold five times as many as we had to sell. When we con- firmed conditional orders for Late Howes, we pro-x-ated on the basis of 25%, so I am sure it is safe to say we could have sold four times the quantity of these that we had to sell. Yes, I think they could have been sold at the ceiling price. However, had we had five times the quantity of Early Blacks and four times the quantity of Late Howes to sell, our ceiling would not have been as high, but our to- tal gross returns would probably have been considerably more. As I have previously stated in one of our reports to our members, I hesitate to estimate the quantity of fresh cranberries that could have been sold last season, as well as previous seasons, but I do feel safe in saying that all of a full average crop of, say, 700,000 bar- re's, that is the normal percentage that would have been suitable for Nineteen the fresh market, could have been sold fresh at an average price above any previous season's aver- age. Furthermore, that in addition to this that portion of the crop that was not suitable for the fresh market could have been processed and sold at good prices. In fact, I think it is a fair and reasonable statement to say that by reason of the unprecedented buying power and consumer demand, an average size crop of cranberries could have been sold in almost any form, that is, fresh or processed, at satisfac- tory prices. Now as to the Exchange operat- ing and advertising expense. On a percentage basis, our operating expense for the past season, ex- clusive of advertising, was 3.343%, as compared with 3.18% for the 1943 season. Our total expense, including advertising, for 1944 was 4.329%, as compared with 4.298% for crop season 1943. The 1944 season and everything that went with it is now history and I am sure that you are now more interested in the future than in the past, and particularly with reference to the 1945 season, and no doubt one of the principal things you are thinking about is whether or not we are going to have to operate under price ceil- ings and if so, what the ceiling will be. I feel sure that we will have price ceilings on cranberries from the 1945 crop, whether or not the war is still on. I cannot, however, tell you what it will be because I do not know, nor does anyone else know. We shall no doubt, have to work through the two government- al bureaus, that is the Office of Price Administration and War Food Administration, in a some- what similar manner to that of last year, except that I do not think we shall have to back our brief, or briefs, up with as much detailed information as we did last year. I think we received reasonably fair treatment last year and will this year, if our negotiations with the above-mentioned bureaus are handled in a similar manner. There is no doubt, however, but what prices could have been con- siderably higher "ast year had there been no ceiling. Further as to the future, and particularly the 1945 season, I am enthusiastic. The only possible adverse factor I can see now is scarcity of sugar, but that may not be as bad as it looks at present. If trade sentiment towards fresh cranberries, that is, their desire to book future orders, is any indica- tion, and I certainly think it is, I do not feel that we need have any fear of not being able to sell any reasonable size crop at satisfactory prices. We had submitted to us during the months ot February and March conditional orders totalling the equiva ent of approximately 400,- 000 barrels. We have accepted conditional orders for anproximate- ly 300,000 barrels. This does not, however, include rny future orders for Oregon and Washington cran- berries, although we have been LET'S GO "ALL OUT" IN THE MIGHTY 7th WAR LOAN Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM Tel. 200 PLYMOUTH Tel. 1300 requested to do so. We figure on, using practically all that we will have to sell from these states in nearby markets as they are ready. Climatic conditions in Oregon and Washington make time of ship- ment and percentage of crop that may be suitable for the fresh mar- ket very uncertain. Therefore, I do not think it advisable to accept orders for thees berries so far in advance. Right here I wish to inject a word of caution. We should not depend on or expect that these con- ditions that have prevailed for the past four years and particularly the past two years will continue indefinitely. I wish to repeat what I have said before, and this is that we shall continue to have our peaks and valleys. It is our job, and when I say "our" I mean the cran- berry growers' job, to put forth our best efforts towards keeping the valleys shallow. We now have two ways to sell cranberries and if properly handled and with the right kind of cooper- ation not only can full advantage be taken of these unusual times, but if and when we come to the . valleys we will be well prepared to negotiate them safely. Your Exchange and your Sales Co.npany have gone through 38 ■"'^asons, and some of us remember that the first year of our existence . h re was somewhat of a depres- sion. Since that time we have gone through two real depressions, one war. and I hope that I am not too optimistic in predicting we are about through with the second war and that the next depression, if it must come, is in the far dis- tant future. We are going to have our diffi- cu'ties in the future in more ways than one. As the old saying goes, a good time to make friends is when you do not need their help. If there is one thing I have learned in my years of experience on the selling end it is the importance of a spirit of friendly cooperation with our customers and our brokers. Such cooperation has paid good dividends in the past and will con- tinue to pay good dividends. At any rate, the majority of the cranberry growers are still to- gether in a spirit of friendly coop- eration, and so long as they remain so I haven't much fear of the fu- ture of the cranberry industry. Coopei-ation and united effort are winning the war and will win the peace. The ci-anberry industry ha.s set a high standard of friendly co- operation over a period of many years, and only by maintaining and improving, whei-ever possible, such cooperation will the industry be able to solve the difficulties and problems which will face it in the immediate post-war period and the I years to follow. Twenty BONDS HIT 'EM TWICE AS HARD- IN THE MIGHTY 7TH 7 BILLION from individuals alone is the amount needed in the 7th WAR LOAN LEND A HAND IN THE BIGGEST CLEARING JOB IN THE WORLD! We humbly contribute this space to urge the achievement of the quota in this issue. MIN-OT FOOD PACKERS, Inc. BRIDGETON, N. J. DAN D. CONWAY, Pres. TftWNG It's a good idea now and then to take time out to look ourselves over.. .try to find our weak spots and see what can be done to strengthen them. Today cranberry growers are doing just that. Out of the findings oi this study they hope to build a stronger cooperative industry and a sounder economic future for all who grow and market cranberries. American Cranberry Exchange U. S. Dept. of Agriculture Lie. No. 1 CHICAGO NEW YORK PRESENTING AN $8,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY | rw^w itc.i^^ -^ :ape cod new jersey wisconsin OREGON WASHINGTON CRANBERRIES PHOTO CARLETON D. HAMMOND, SR., and "DELLIE" HAMMOND luly, 1945 25 cents FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 1 895 - 1 945 The men who began the co-operative movement also took active parts in organizing the American Cranberry Exchange, and had the vision to give up their well-established brands and adopt the Eatmor trademark. Growers Cranberry Company, Inc. PEMBERTON, NEW JERSEY WISCONSIN MOVES FORWARD COOPERATION PAYS WISCONSIN growers are carrying co-operative fire insurance which results in savings of 25 to 75 per cent to the growers. Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin "VOTED: that Cranberry Canners, Inc., ap- proves the constructive aims of the Industry Committee; that it endorses its resolutions, and instructs its President to encourage the Com- mittee and co-operate with it in every way possible to bring about the worthwhile ob- jectives tow^ard ■which it is w^orking." DOC This vote, unanimously passed at Cranberry Canners' Annual Meeting at Hanson, Massa- chusetts on June 26, 1945 voices the sentiment of the members of this cooperative regarding the resolutions adopted by the Industry Com- mittee, and the objectives which this Commit- tee is working to attain. CRANBERRY CANNERS, Inc. The Growers* Cooperative Canning Company Hanson, Mass. Onset, Mass. Plymouth, Mass. Dennis, Mass. Coquille, Oregon New Egypt, N, J. North Chicago, HI. No. Harwich, Mass. Markham, Wash. Bordentown, N. J. Gurnee, III. Long Beach, Wash. CCI finds a market for ALL your berries Not only the best but all the rest. SERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY ADAMS & BEAN CO. Lumber Dealers "Everything Under Cover" East Wareham, Mass. Tel. Wareham 648 Building Material for Bog, Screenhouse and Home Uses Paints - Hardware Marinette & Menominee Box Co. Marinette, Wisconsin BOXES, BOX SHOCKS, CRATING WIREBOUND BOXES AND CRATES M & M's 64th Year Serving the Wisconsin Cranberry Growers CROP-SAVER brand INSECTICIDES FUNGICIDES For the Cranberry Grower CROP-SAVER CHEMICAL COMPANY, Inc. 2630 West Arthington St. Chicago 12, Illinois Cape & Vineyard Electric Company Offices : Chatham Falmouth Hyannis Vineyard Haven Established 1848 Hall & Cole Incorporated Commission Merchants and Jobbers 94 Faneuil Hall Market 102 BOSTON, MASS. APPLES AND CRANBERRIES SPECIALTIES Car Lot Receivers The National Bank of Wareham Wareham, Mass. MEMBER FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION E. T. Cault Transportation Co. Wareham, Mass. Tel. 227 We are ready to give you any kind of cranberry bog construction service. Shovel — bulldozer — trucking — stump pulling — excavating — draghauling — canal and ditch digging. We have Sand, Loam and Gravel We Transport Cranberries Wood County National Bank Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin MEMBER FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION COLLEY CRANBERRY CO. PLYMOUTH, MASS. DISTRIBUTORS OF Cape Cod Cranberries SUITS--US BRAND DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERR* GROWERS MASSACHUSETTS Serving Western Cranberry Growers with High Quality Products Rotenone Middleborough Trust Company MIDDLEBORO Call WAREHAM 162 S. G. M. Packard & Go. Hardware — Locksmiths For Maintenance Supplies MASS. Member of The Federal Deposit Diesel Bulldozer E. C. HOWES WEST WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. Wareham 405-W-2 Pyrethrum Sabadilla Nicotine Copper Sprays Oil Sprays Lime Sulphur Solution Miller Products Company Portland 1, Oregon Insurance Corporation Experienced in Bog Work Contact Us Massachusetts Native White Pine Used for Cranberry Boxes F. H. COLE Established 1707 Manufacturer of Wooden Boxes and Shocks North Carver, Mass. Tel. 46-5 NIAGARA SPRAYER and CHEMICAL CO., Inc. Middleport, N. Y. Manufacturers of Lead Arsenate, Rotenone Products, as well as a full line of dusting machinery. Complete line of Insecticides, both for dusting and spraying. RAIN B RD SPRINKLERS Pioneers in Cranberry Frost Protection and Irrigation Data from Rain Bird Spr nkier Mfg. Co. Glendora, Calif. L. R. Nelson Mfg. Co. Peoria, 111. Oregon — Washington R. M. WADE OREGON CULVERT & PIPE Portland, Oregon ROBERT LENARI Real Estator Reed Avenue - • Manomet, Mass. Tel. Manomet 44-R Specializing' in the Purchase and Sale of Cranberry Properties CRANBERRY SCOOPS and SCREENINGS Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK At Screenhouses» Bogs and Pumps Means Satisfaction ALFRED PAPPI WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. 626 BUY WAR BONDS — and keep them! Government wild life, fish and game specialists plan to spread DDT insecticide in an oil mixture from airplanes over 117 acres of land at a wild life refuge near Patuxent, Maryland. This will be done as the bird life cycle starts to see if there is any danger from using a general broadcast treat- ment over areas or land in relation to insect control. Part of the area will be 'eft unsprayed as a check and careful counts of the effect of the chemical on warm and cold- blooded animals will be taken. Vernon Goldsworthy of Wiscon- sin hopes it will be possible to make an informal visit to the East- ern cranberry areas in August to gather information, and may be accompanied by two or three other members of Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company. Pel ow growers are sorry to learn that Chester A. Vose of Marion, always a willing and able worker in Massachusetts cranberry affairs, has been seriously ill at his hTme, and wish him a speedy re- covery. A etter from Crosshaven, Coun- ty Cork, Eire, informs us that Mr. Richard H. Fletcher, who some months ago wrote for information concerning cranberry growing, is still "cranberry-minded." Studying ''DDT" and Use of New Plant Hormone for Pollination CRANBERRIES PHOTO This group picture of the scientific workers was taken at Massachusetts Statt- Bog, and froni left X-i rtrht shows Dr. Alfred Weed of John Powell & Co., N. Y. ; Ralph Morris, entomologist, also of the Powell staff: William J. Haude, entomol- ogist and sales manager of Powell ; Ferris C. Waite. vice president in charge of growers' service of Cranberry Canners, Inc.. who took an agricultural course at Cornell, following training in biology: "Joe" Kelley, technical assistant to Dr. Franklin: Dr. H. J. Franklin; Prof. William G. Colby, agronomist, Massachusetts State College: and Prof. John S. Hailcy, pnmnlogist. also Massachusetts State. Scientific Croup Experiments At Mass. State Bog Experiments with the much- publicized "DDT", half a dozen pyrethrum mixtures and sabadilla concentrates have been in progress at the State Bog, East Wareham, chief purposes of the tests as con- cerns "DDT" being to overcome bad results of its toxicity to bees, so very useful in cranberry polli- nation. It is now definitely admitted that "DDT does kill bees, but the idea being worked upon is that this will not matter if berries can be "set" by artificial means with a new plant hormone. In fact, this new hormone, it is hoped, may step up the set on bogs on which it is sprayed and so eventually open the way to heavier production per acre. Four "DDT", Dr. Franklin has found, does a "wonderful job" on gypsy moths, and these experiments are now being extended to the root grub, as DDT seems to effect most insects of the caterpillar order. If the tests prove that the new hormone can produce as good or a better "set" than that which would have been brought about by the natural working of the bees if not prevented by the DDT, and the DDT effectively controls gypsies and root grub, it is felt an import- ant achievement will have been accomplished. These hormone tests are strictly aside from the experimental work being done with the new hormone- like chemical which is being dis- tributed under the trade name of "Weedone", about which there is great interest. The hormone in- volved in the "DDT" tests is not a natural plant hormone but one manufactured artificially, which should greatly reduce the cost of its use to growers if it shou'd come (Continued on Page 20) GROSSMAN'S A HALF CENTURY OF SERVICE Building Materials Paints Hardware Tel. Now Bedford 5-7438 27 Ashley Boulevard Issue of July, 1945 — Vol. 10, No. 3 Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop, Main St., Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscription $2.50 per year. Entered as second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post office at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3, 1879 FRESH FROM THE FIELDS By C J. H. EASTERN TROPICAL STORM Massachusetts crop prospects were probably lessened by the fringe of the severe tropical storm which worked its way up the At- lantic coast, striking the Cape Cod area on the afternoon and evening of June 26. A total of 2.72 inches fell in the first 24 hours of the storm and an additional .91 inches in the following, as recorded at East Wareham. The storm did not blow itself out until the forenoon of the 28th. In the opinion of Dr. Franklin, this heavy amount of rain in a short time could scarcely have fai'ed to do some injury, and in his opinion it was more the quantity of rain falling which would do damage than the violence of the rainfall or the gale winds. Grow- ers were apprehensive that the driving rains would knock off ten- der blossoms and set, and wash away pollen, as the storm came at such a critical time when the bogs were in full bloom and set had begun. On June 11 the Crop Reporting Board of- USDA released the fol- lowing prospects concerning the cranberry crop : "In Massachusetts, ample water supplies have been available for flooding bogs to prevent frost in- jury, but the extended flooding operations may have been harmful to crop prospects. Currently, how- ever, a crop close to average seems to be the prospect for Mas- sachusetts and for the United States as a whole." CHANEY "GUESSTIMATE" C. M. Chaney, in conjunction with sending this report to Ex- change members, made his own s e If-s t y 1 e d "Guesstimate", in which he feels the crop may be about 660,000 barrels for the coun- try, divided as follows: Massachu- setts, 475,00; Wisconsin, 70,000; New Jersey, Long Is'and, 65,000; Oregon, Washington, 50.000. (Continued on Page 18) THE SURVEY Latest meeting of the joint com- mittee of eight was held, June 26 following the annual meeting of Cranberry Canners, Inc., as all members were present at this meeting. This was only a brief session and Chairman Ellis D. At- wood says no action was taken, so there was no statement to be made at its conclusion. Arthur D. Benson had been asked the day before to present a plan for an over-all cooperative as an alternate for the one suggested by Booz, Allen & Hamilton and had done this briefly, and at the meeting Tuesday he again briefly had opportunity to answer some questions concerning it. No date was set for the next meeting of the committee of 8 at that time, but Mr. Atwood expects the group will be called together again during the next month, it having held two previous meetings, the first in New York and the sec- ond (with Chairman Atwood not present) with Wisconsin Cranberry Sales at Wisconsin, June 15. The resolutions it made have now been given consideration by Cranberry Canners (see page 7) Wisconsin Cranberry Sa'es, and New England Cranberi-y Sales, page six. A resolution passed in New Jersey (page 6) was taken prior to presentation of these res- olutions to Growers Cranberry Company. The basis upon which this com- mittee is working is a "Ten-Point Plan of Action" under the recom- mendation in the over-all Industry Survey: "That a plan should be developed for better integration of the activities of the American Cranberry Exchange and its asso- ciated Sales Companies, and those of Cranberry Canners to get the best and most economical over-all grower-cooperative structure for the cranberry industry." To achieve such industry-wide coordination and to help the cran- berry industry to contiijued succesg and the best price realization on berries in the interest of both growers and consumers, the "Ten- Point Plan" sugg-ested by Booz, Allen & Hamilton is: 1. Organize to grow a million barrel crop. 2. Organize to market a mil- lion barrel crop. 3. Organize to sell cranberries all year round. 4. Centra' ize the marketing, re- search, and credit functions. 5. Decentralize the grower- contact functions. 6. Bring your younger grow- ers to the fore. 7. Act now to eliminate rival- ries between cooperatives. 8. Organize to follow cooper- ative principles. 9. Finance cooperative equities soundly. 10. Organize by evolution, and not revolution, from the present cooperative structures. In the carrying out of its rec- ommendations the Survey recom- mended the appointment of a joint committee of eight represen- tatives of the two cooperatives, in- cluding as two of the committee the present active administration heads of the respective coopera- tives, and to include as the other six, one representative from New England, one from New Jersey, and one from Wisconsin of the two cooperatives. This committee was to have the authority to study the three sur- veys, meet at least monthly to dis- cuss ideas and progress, and to draw up a plan to put the recom- mended plan of coordinated organ- ization into effect not later than the end of the fiscal year termi- nating in 1946. The joint committee was set up in accordance with the recommen- dations and as announced last month is: Massachusetts, Ellis D. Atwood, New England Sales, who was chosen chairman; J. C. Make- peace, Cranberry Canners, chosen Fiye secretary; Wisconsin, Albert H. Hedler, Wisconsin Cranberry Sales and Charles L. Lewis, Cranberry Canners, chosen vice chairman; New Jersey, Theodore H. Budd, Growers Cranberry Company, Isaac Harrison, Cranberry Canners; C. M. Chaney as executive head of the Exchange, and M. L. Urann, as executive head of Cranberry Can- ners. GROWERS CRANBERRY CO. Vote passed by Board of Direc- tors of the Growers Cranberry Company on June 7th is: "That it is the sentiment of the Board that it would welcome clos- er cooperation of the American Cranberry Exchange and Cran- berry Canners, Inc., but feels that at this time the interest of the Growers Cranberry Company, Inc., can be best served by having' the sale of fresh fruit and processed cranberries sold under the separ- ate managements." WISCONSIN CRANBERRY SALES CO. Members of Wisconsin Cran- berry Sales, meeting with the committee at Hotel Witter, Wis- consin Rapids, heard the resolu- tions of the Committee of 8 and the recommendations made by the Survey. Members voted to have printed and cistributed the com- plete survey to the membership, rnd passed a vote of confidence in the Committee of 8. The meeting also took positive affirmative act- ion on resolution one (as has New England, Sales); accepted resolu- tion 3, as to the division of the crop, so that fresh fruit and pro- cessing cooperative shall have at loast 200 000 barrels, striking out the word "annually" in the resolu- tion and voting it as applying to this year onlv. The meeting fur- ther approved resolution five, con- cerninrr the retaining of specified courisel to prepare and submit a oTiorate «;et-up for oie co-oper- ative. (No exact copies of the ■"•^t'^.s taken is available as this g'ces to press). Special Directors- Members Meeting of N. E. Sales Co. New England Cranberry Sales Company, by a specia' meeting of directors to which all members had been invited, and a special members' meeting immediately following, at Carver town hall June 22, took action which would assure the elimination of policies permitting special arrangements for the marketing of processing berries; and then acted upon the seven resolutions made by the Joint Survey Committee of Eight at New York on May 22-23. The action on the question of a change in policy of marketing came about as the result of vote of members at the annual meeting in Apri'. that directors call this special meeting of directors and that members be invited to attend. Directors' meeting began at 10, members' meeting at 11, and last- ed until late afternoon. Concei'ning the seven resolutions of the committee of eight (pub- lished last month) members voted to approve the recommendations made by the directors at a meeting June 18th to consider these res- olutions and make the recommen- dations to the members. Direc- tors voted to approve only one, the first, which was: "Resolved: That this Committee is determined that its deliberations, actions, and rec- ommendations shall be to instil grower confidence in the future security of the industry and the fullest utili::;ation and marketin.g of its products under the direction of the growers themselves." Resolution two of the Commit- tee, that it approved th'^' objective of a "single National Cooperative for the cranberry industry, and that all efforts should be directed toward the attainment of this as and when growers' sentiment was favorable", had been approved by the directors (one vote dissenting). Reconsideration of this at the "open" directors' meeting, on mo- tion of Harrison Goddard, brought out objection to the plan of a "sin- gle National Cooperative" and the directors then unanimously voted disapproval. While the membership concurred in this disapproval of a "single National Cooperative" in the form which had been recommended by the Booz, Allen & Hamilton Sur- vey, with the further suggestion that a stock form of cooperative was to be desired over a member- ship cooperative, the door was not shut against further study and action along this line. Instead, di- rect positive action was taken on a motion presented by Walter E. Rowley which was as follows: "That our President appoint a Committee of three to work with our manager in drafting a plan for a National association of Cran- berry Cooperatives, which plan, when approved by the New Eng- and Cranberry Sales Company, shall be sent to the joint commit- tee of eight, the Growers' Cran- berry Company, the Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company and the growers on the Pacific Coast, for their consideration." Objection to the re-grouping of the cooperatives, fresh fruit and processing, as brought out by dis- cussion, was considerably con- cerned with the setting up of a consolidation along the lines of a stock cooperative, as recommended by the Survey but not to the idea of a re-grouping along other lines than the present if better relations between fresh fruit and processing? marketing could be achieved and the overall is a "membership" and not a "stock" co-op. The alternate "Benson P an" could be utilized in three distinct ways if it should be adopted. This plan was largely the work of Mr. Benson, President Ellis D. Atwood told the meeting. Mr. Atwood and C. M. Chaney were the only members of the committee of eight at the meeting. Mr. Atwood oH-'ered considerable praise for the Benson plan before its pdoption by the members for fur- ther study. Resolution three of the commit- tee of eight, that "pending consol- idation, the berries of the two co- operatives be marketed annually, by an equal division between the two so that each had at least 200,- 000 barre's" was disapproved, as was resolution 6, that Canners and the Exchange, with its affiliated state companies, furnish pertinent figures and information for use of the Committee. Resolution 4, which concerned special agree- ments, already having been acted upon, was passed over, as was the resolution regarding the invitation that specified attorneys be invited to act as counsel to prepare and submit a corporate set-up for one cooperative. Other matters taken up included admission of two new members, J. Burleigh Atkins of Pleasant Lake, 25 acres, and Chester W. Robbins of Onset, 12 acres, Red Brook bog. Buzzards Bay. Mr. and Mrs. At- kins were present and President Atwood especially welcomed Mr. Atkins as one of the older growers of the Cape district and the son of one of the pioneers of the in- dustry on the Cape. The vote actually taken in re- gard to the special agi'eements with the A. D. Makepeace Com- pany and the United Cape Cod Cranberry Companies was that un- less these agreements were ended by mutual agreement within 30 days the directors be instructed to cancel them immediately. This motion was by Russell Trufant. This special meeting of New England Cranberry Sales Company was a meeting at which full dis- cussion of the survey report, with the recommendations of the com- mittee of eight, was thrown open for consideration and vote, and a number of members availed them- selves of this opportunity to ask questions and to expi'ess their views before voting. Speakers in- cluded Ear'e Boardway, Carver, E. L. Bartholomew, Wareham, Rus- sell Trufant, North Carver, Lin- coln Hall, Duxbury, Walter Row- ley, West Wareham, Nahum Morse, East Freetown, and Frank Cole, Carver. The spirit of the meeting was not sharply critical, but a re- minder was voiced to directors that their actions should not be concerned with deciding policy, as final actual authority rested with the membership itse'f. Mr. Hall led those who were seeking for more information concerning the survey, wanting to know "what the whole thing was about, and what was the matter with the Sales Company and the Exchange as they are, and who authorized the survey. Noticeable also in re- marks by members was a willing- ness to consider a change in the set-up of the co-operatives' end of the industry if study should show more satisfactory relations be- tween fresh and processed market- ing of cooperative fruit would re- sult. Strong also was an attitude not to hurry into action (as was cautioned in the Booz, Allen & Hamilton Survey Report), and al- so a determination to keep within the !egal privileges of a cooper- ative in any change (as was also emphasized in the survey). In answer to the requests for more light on the survey and how it came about, Mr. Benson, as clerk, read a resume of the volume of the report relating to the American Cranberry Exchange and said complete copies of this report which relates to the proposed over- all cooperative had been prepared and sent to all directors on June 8, where they had been available for perusal by members. He sketched in the steps which had resulted in the survey being held. He tod how the original idea of an audit of Cranberry Canners had been presented at a meeting of Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Com- pany in December, 1943. The next step had been a recommendation by Canners directors last April and voted for by the members at their annual meeting last June. Booz, Allen & Hamilton had been chosen ■ by Canners to conduct the survey, and then Wisconsin Cranberry Sales had voted to be included and recommended that the entire Ex- change with state affiliated com- panies be also included. Exchange directors voted this in New York last summer, and subsequently Growers Cranberry Company di- rectors so voted. Directors of New Eng'and Cranberry Sales meeting in September (after the survey had begun) declined to vote for the survey, ^ but New England Sales, as a unit of the Exchange, had been bound by vote of the directors of the Exchange, and as an outvoted minority unit had gone along. Mr. Benson further explained that the cojnmittee of eight had Cranberry Canners, Inc., Annual Meeting Ratifies Resolutions As the climax of a long day, in large part given to consideration of "the Booz, Allen & Hamilton survey I'eport and to the resolu- tions of the Joint Committee of 8, President Marcus L. Urann, at the annual meeting of Cranberry Can- ners, Inc., Hanson, Mass., June 26th, put the matter of approval or disapproval of the recommend- ations of the committee before the membership for vote. Frank P. C'andon moved and it was second- ed and unanimously "VOTED: That we all cooper- ate with the president in further- ing the work of the Cranberry Growers Industry Committee which has been appointed to study the Surveys and make recommenda- tions." This action was taken by rising been set up as recommended by the survey and that it had proceeded along a line of action as the survey had suggested. A highlight of the meeting was in the afternoon, when L. B.^ R. Barker, only remaining original director, spoke with obvious deep feeling for the preservation of the ideals and aims of the American Cranberry Exchange. This was not a "pica" to "save" New Eng- land Sales and the Exchange, as the spontaneous applause it brought forth seemed to show he was expressing the sentiments of a ma.iority of the members. He Paid there was "nothing the mat- ter" with either New Eng'and Cranberry Sales and American Cranberry Exchange, or with the Wisconsin and Nev/ Jersey State Companies. He paid tribute to the ability with which Mr. Benson as manager had conducted affairs of New England Sales and said he believed C. M. Chaney could al- ways be depended upon to do the "ri^'ht thing", and apparently the cranberry market all over the country thought the same thing. He praised highly the conduct of Vernon Goldsworthy, manager of Wisconsin Cranberry Sales, and of the good work of the leadership of Growers Cranberry Company, now operating with a smaller New Jersey crop than was formerly the case. He said all this strength built up over the years must not be "thrown away." The committee of three to work with Manager Benson in drafting a plan has since been named by President Atwood are L. B. R. Barker, Ruel Gibbs, past presidents, and E. L. Bartholomew. vote. None arose to vote in the negative. Also, an all but unani- mous vote was given to the pro- posal to create a new class of stock, announced as to consist of 40,000 shares of Preferred Stock, bearing cumulative interest at 4 per cent, with the par value of S25.00, this stock to be purchasable by members and non-members. This action was taken on a vote for the adoption of an amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation to increase the capital stock. In the vote a total of 55,616 shares was recorded for the amendment and a single share against. This was by ballot, and later a hand vote gave authority to the direc- tors to issue it. The stated purpose of this stock is to provide working capital to serve the same purpose as a re- volving fund and the first issue is to be made to distribute earnings on the Government orange marma- lade pack. The customary ballot for 12 di- rectors resulted as follows: Albert Hedler, Charles L. Lewis, Guy C. Potter, Wisconsin; Franklin S. Chambers, Isaac Harrison, Enoch F. Bills, New Jersey; Harrison F. Goddard, Robert B. Handy, John C. Makepeace, Russe'l Makepeace, Carl B. Urann and Marcus L. Urann, Massachusetts. It was a day of accord for Can- ners members as concerned the Survey report and its recommenda- tions, looking toward an eventual consolidation of the fresh fruit and processing cooperatives, no rction from the floor of the meet- ing indicating to the contrary. While the heavy rains of the fringe of the tropical hurricane working u'3 off" the Atlantic coast that day thundered outside during a good part of the proceedings, often nearly drowning out the voices of the speakers, members heard ex- tracts of the B. A. & H. report on Canners and of the over-all report read and most members obtained their first-hand information as to a considerable portion of this re- port, both favorable and critical in some respects, as concerned canners. As many of the un- abridged copies of the over-a'l re- port as had been prepared by Canners were distributed to mem- bers, and it was announced that all who so request will receive them as soon as printed (expected about July 1), and as soon as pos- sible (probably late in July) copies of the reprints of the reports as relate to Canners alone will also Sevpii be distributed to members on re- quest. Copies of the reports had been available at Hanson and Onset for such members as could go in and peruse them. Action on the report and on the recom- mendations of the committee of eight did not come until this effort to give members an opportunity to hear the reading and understand the survey had been made. The meeting was very largely attended and was held in the new portion of the plant, which will be the cranberry cocktail processing room when completed. The choice of the meeting place provided cooler quarters than previous meet- ing upstairs. The morning was sultry, however, with the oppres- siveness of an approaching tropical stoi'm, now a'together too famil- iar to dwellers along the east coast. Apprehension as to what the downpour starting about noon was doing to the bogs in a tender state of bloom and set was also obvious. Before a buffet lunch of lobster salad, Mr. Urann asked members to critically taste small servings of cranberry-orange relish with each serving. Morning Session The morning session was mostly taken up with the reading of the treasurer's report and that of Aud- itor Harold Ellis, the balloting, and other regular business of the meet- ing. The day was opened by Mr. Urann's brief remarks as president, he saying that this was the 15th annual meeting of Cranberry Can- ners, Inc., and that objectives of CCI had not changed since its in- ception in 1930, although methods and procedure have changed from time to time, and that the policy was "work for the good of the growers". He said: "We are at the eve of another tremendous movement forward. We must do everything we can to make the one cooperative a success. Cranberry growers themselves must control the surplus cranberry crop — never lose grower control of the distri- bution of our crop. We are head- ed for the million barrel crop and we must have two ways to our- se'ves sell these berries." He told of a total payment to members in return for berries of approximately §25.48 per barrel in cash and dividends and said that Canners handled a total of 113,456 barrels or about 34 per cent of the crop last year. Regarding this year, he said the Government had assured Cranberry Canners of all the sugar it wanted, although the actual obtaining of this might be another matter; their supply of tin for canning was abundant, and a sufficient supply of paper cases is on hand. He said the pack of orange-cranberry marmalade could Eight New CCI Treasurer Garland Boothe First In Full Time Employ Gar'and C. Boothe comes to CCI from Akron, Ohio, where he was with Firestone Tire and Rubber Co., his work there consisting of internal audits, administrative and accounting supervision of from six to ten domestic and foreign manu- facturing plants to insure these conformed to home office policy and procedure. He analyzed state- ments and reports from subsidi- aries and prepared summaries for the management, dealing with costs, sales, expenses, taxes, pro- fits. Previous to this work he was with Virginia Can Company, Roa- noke, and after that with Chase National Bank of New York. This has given him an unusual combi- nation of banking and industrial accounting experience. Mr. Boothe is a graduate of University of Virginia, B. S. de- gree in Commerce. 1928. He also graduated from Brooklyn Law School of St. Lawrence University, B. of Laws degree, 1934. Mr. Boothe is 40, married, hav- ing three children, and the Boothes will make their home at Plymouth, assuming his work at CCI July 1. be run up to a 1,000,000 case pack a year, and it now appeared it wou'd be possible to begin to fill the civilian consumer demand for sauce and cocktail. He said Canners had three im- mediate objectives: (1) to cut plant investment down to $1,000,- 000; (2) to have a reserve of ! .51,000,000 in working capital; (3) ' to can 200,000 cases every year as a minimum. V/ith the meeting turned over to John R. Quarles, Canners attorney, Mr. Quarles explained the new stock issue, as in part to be dis- tributed as marmalade earnings, but in addition further shares be- ing available for purchase by mem- bers to help build up the capital rsserve of a million dol'ars instead of by borrowing each year from banks. It would increase mem- bers' ownership in CCI with a stock paying- 4 per cent until such time as it might be called, Mr. Quarles explained. "Strengths and Weaknesses" Immediately after lunch the meeting was turned over to Albert Hedler, one of Wisconsin's three directors, and he read from the Survey report as applied to Can- ners, first reading "The Strengths" of CCI, as found by B., A. & H., and then the "Elements Requiring Improvements". Discussing these, Mr. Hedler ."-aid: "A fair, exhaustive survey had been made of Cranberry Can- ners, Inc., and the American Cran- berry Exchange, by a company which is completely disinterested and who probably never heard of these two organizations before the survey was made." Discussing in particular point number one of the "Weaknesses", that the responsi- bilities and prerogatives of the Canners directors should be more fully understood and exercised by them, Mr. Hedler said that in the past year or so directors had taken a more responsible part, and this element requiring' improvement was being improved. Director Lewis Director Lewis of Wisconsin was then called on by Mr. Hedler, and he in particular took up point three, "that to assure continuity of strong top leadership there is need for an understudy and po- tential successor to the present chief executive of CCI." Mr. Lewis stated that "Within an hour after the survey was presented in New York, Mr. Urann had gotten in touch with Booz, Allen & Hamilton, who made the survey, and who maintain a personnel department for placing personnel, and put in his oi'der for an understudy. "I happened to sit in with Mr. Urann at the time, and I can assure you that he was absolutely sincere in wanting Booz, Allen & Hamilton to obtain an understudy for him, realizing that the time may come when such an understudy may be a necessity. The firm accepted the task of hunting for the under- (Continued on Page 16) Hammond Cranberry Interests Important In Massachusetts Carleton D. Hammond and Carleton (Dellie) Hammond, Jr., Operate the Smith-Hammond Company — Latter Treasurer Cape Cod Cranberry Growers Association By CLARENCE J. HALL No name commands greater respect in the Massachusetts cranberry industry than that of Hammond. The solid substance of this esteem and high prestige was begun late in the early 1880's when the late Irving C. Hammond of Pt. Independence first turned to cranberry growing. When the industry suffered the loss of his death, August 15th, 1941, he was one of the largest, most respected and influential of the Bay State cranberry men. Now the interests he built up, with cranberry acreage totaling nearly 400, are being carried forward by his two sons and a grandson, operated in two distinct divisions. One is the Smith-Hammond Company with three bog units: the Carver bog, the Santuit, and the Onset, combined acreage approx- imately 160. Carleton Delano Hammond, Sr., Point Independence, Irving's older son, is general man- ager, assisted by his son, Carleton ("Dellie") Hammond, Jr., also of Point Independence. The other is the Fuller-Ham- mond Company, operated by Rob- ert C. Hammond of East Wareham (half-brother to Carleton), and he also manages the bogs owned per- sonally by the late Irving Ham- mond. Carleton sold out his in- terests in these Hammond bogs in 1944 to his brother and sisters. Fuller-Hammond operates a total of about 210 acres; the Smalley bog, 60 or so; Pine Island, 11 acres; the Norton bog, 115 acres; Agawam bog, 25 acres. The per- sonal Hammond bogs make up about 40 acres. Smith-Hammond in recent years has averaged a production of ap- proximately 6,000 barrels, Fuller- Hammond 6,500 (5 year average), and the Hammond bogs, 1,350. These combined totals come rough- ly to 14,000 barrels in normal average production. I. C. Hammond was one of the staunchest supporters of the New England Cranberry Sales Company and of American Cranberry Ex- change. He was ^ong a director in both. Carleton and Robert are present directors of Sales Com- pany. He was also a firm believer in the benefits of canning cranber- ries and was an early staunch supporter of Cranberry Canners. It is with the Smith-Hammond Company properties, Carleton and "Dellie", that this article will be concerned. Fuller-Hammond Com- pany and "Bob" Hammond will be tajcen up in the next or a subse- quent issue. Particularly will this be concerned with "Del- lie", treasurer of the Cape Cod Cranberry Association and chair- man and treasurer of the vital frost committee of that association. "Dellie" is the youngest officer the Cape Cod association has had in recent years. Assertive, with pos- itive ideas (which he admits may not necessarily be right, but at least he has them), with a lot of nervous energy, a deep interest in the cranberry industry and an am- bition to get somewhere in it, "Del- lie" is very much interested in the role of the younger growers in cranberries. Both Carleton and "Dellie", the latter practically born on a bog, have known and lived cranberries since their earliest recollections. Bob has been working at cranber- ries summers since 1928, full time since 1932. To recall sufficient of the story of Irving C. Hammond to form a background for these articles concerning the present Hammonds and Hammond holdings wil be but a welcome tribute to the memory of all who knew him. I. C. Hammond's personal cran- berry story began when he built a half acre of bog on the farm of his father. Job D. Hammond, at Point Independence. As a matter of fact, what is now the summer re- sort of Point Independence on On- set Bay actually mostly was the big Hammond farm — present val- uable waterfront and all. The site of this bog, long since given up for the growing of cranberries, is just in front of the home of Carle- ton Hammond, off Locust street. The same year he laid out this bog the late Irving and his bro- ther, Charles, began growing and shipping Cape Cod oysters. With the late A. H. Fuller, founder of the Brockton (Mass.) Enterprise, he bought about 40 acres of farm land from his father, and institut- ed the development which has be- come Point Independence. After his father's death, Irving took over the part which had remained as farm and carried on a dairy and maiket farm business. After a short while, however, he gave up all other business inter- ests to put in his time and energies to cranberries, exclusively. The first big bog he was interested in is the so-called Onset bog of the Smith-Hammond Company. This is at the head of Broad Cove, di- viding Onset and Point Independ- ence. He began this with his bro- ther, Arthur B. Hammond, and John Atkins of Onset. It was bui t as a bog of about eight acres. The Smith-Hammond Company was organized in 1904, this eight- acre Onset bog being turned in for stock and additional capital being furnished by the late Hardy Smith who just before had bought the "Randall Swamp" at Carver. Har- dy Smith was treasurer and busi- ness manager of Smith-Hammond until his death on Novamber 15, 1928. This is now the Carver bog of the Smith-Hammond Company. Irving Hammond was a director and general manager, having charge of operations until 1940, when Carleton, who had assisted his father, was made general man- ager by the late Mrs. Anna Smith, widow of Hardy. Mrs. Smith be- came president of the company af- ter the death of Irving Hammond. Currently there is no president, due to the death of Mrs. Smith December 10th of last year and no successor having been chosen. The third bog, the Santuit, was ac- quired in 1907. The following year, 1905, after the organization of Smith-Ham- mond, the Fuller-Hammond Com- pany was organized, with inter- locking officers. With the death of Albert Fuller in 1926, Mr. Ham- mond became president and gen- eral manager of both companies, continuing in this until the sep- aration in 1940. The two companies always oper- ated as separate entities, although known as "Smith and Fuller-Ham- mond" companies. When com- plete separate management was established in 1940, Irving contin- ued the management of Fuller- Hammond and his personal bogs until his death. Folowing this Robert took over. Although sell- ing out his interest in the Ham- mond bogs, Carleton is still a stockholder in both companies. Carleton's Interest Dates From Boyhood Since he can remember, Carleton has been interested in his father's cranberry business. At eight or so he was weeding -on the Onset bog. He had his own crew of weeders and sanders when he was Nine y^ ■"•^ --..-laLil CRANBERRIES PHOTO no older than 12 or 13, during summer vacations. He attended Woi'cester Academy in 1909-'10, then returned home to give his at- tention to the cranberry business. He had active charge of the Sraith- Fuller-Hammond and personal Hammond bogs under the super- vision of his father. Often he was left in supervision in later years when Irving went to Florida for winter months. He learned cranberry growing the hard way, doing actual ditching, sanding, frost flooding, insect con- trol, harvesting, shipping — any- thing and everything. He had di- rect charge of the building of bogs — as the Bullock bog in Assonet, now owned by Carl W. Illig, Jr. He has been in the cranberry business all his life, with two or three brief exceptions, one being when he went to the Fore River Shipyard at Quin- cy in the first World War. Carleton today, although only 54, because of this early start in cran- berrying can !ook back upon a relatively long experience and is amazed by changes taking place. Since his cranberry years began when he was so young, he can eas- ily remember when but scant atten- tion was given to insects. "We had fireworm and girdler and fruitworm", he says. "But we sprayed on'y now and then and we didn't know anything about dust- ing. We hadn't even heard of the bluntnosed leafhopper and false blossom. I can remember as a boy that one of my jobs was to go out in the early evening and light the torches on the Onset bog. These torches were to attract, and so de- stroy the fireworm millers flying Ten SMALLEY BOG SCREENHOUSE around. The torches were kero- sene cups with a wick on poles stuck over the bog." Onset Boy Had Windmill He recalls, rather indistinctly because of his extreme youth, when this Onset bog was one of the few bogs (anywhere in the cranberry industry) which was supplied with water by a windmill. Ihis mill at Hammond's bog pumped water from a driven well, making use of a wooden pump box. The mill was kept going all the time whenever the winds would force the sails around, pumping water into a cedar swamp then used as a I'eservoir. This swamp has since become part of the bog and the pump has been gone for 40 years. This windmi 1 was 40 feet high. It pumped through a 3 inch tile pipe into the swamp. Then bogs were flowed from the swamp for frost or other purposes. Production on the three Smith- Hammond bogs he manages now has gone as high as a little more than 10,000 barrels, reached when Irving was living. It has reached a peak of more than 9,000 since then, this being in 1943. Last year the total production was 2,800 bar- rels which, as a little more than half a crop, was above the Massa- chusetts average, in that year of great cranberry vicissitude. Trend to Early Blacks The proportion of varieties on the three bogs is approximately 60 per cent Howes to 40 per cent Early Blacks. Both Carleton and De'lie would like it better if the proportions were reversed. In this they are pretty much in agreement with most Massachusetts growers, as is proven from the present trend toward larger holdings of Blacks. Re-planting on the Smith- Hammond begs is to Blacks, almost entirely. Dellie All But Born on a Bog While it may not be said Dellie was born on a cranberry bog prop- erty, he came about as near it as possible. His mother and father at the period of his birth were liv- ing in the big old farmhouse on the Hammond bog at Norton, and Dellie was born in a hospital at West Bridgewater near by. This was December 17, 1916. Shortly after this was when Carleton was employed at the Fore River Ship- yards in Quincy during World War 1. The family then lived in Dor- chester. With the war over, Car'eton and family returned to Onset and Del- lie attended Onset schools and was graduated from Wareham High school, class of 1935. He had al- ways enjoyed the science of fig- ures and it was decided that he enter the Bentley School of Ac- counting and Finance, Boston. In going to Bentley he had in mind that he would eventually be in the cranberry industry, in the office and management end. For three years after graduation (1938, '39, '40) however, he was employed by the Pilgrim Laundry Company at its Beacon Hi 1, Bos- ton branch office, as office manager and claims adjuster. He then went to Falmouth and worked for Robbins Laundry until 1941.. While in this employ he was married (April 7, 1940) to Mar- jorie (Balcom) Morse, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. H. Frank Morse of Wareham. They have two sons, Brian Douglas, three years, and Barry Charles, 1 year. Mrs. Dellie Hammond Good Cranberry Man In 1941 Dellie did enter the cranberry business in the employ of the Smith-Hammond Company as rhief boo' foreman and assi'-tant to his father as general manager of the company. He had rather counted on being engaged in the office division of the cranberry in- dustry, but it has turned out that vv^ith the manpower shortage of the war he has had to put in much of his time in actual field woi'k as foreman. After a year or so he was given specia' supervision of the Carver bog and so gave much of his time since to that particular propei-ty, although having supervision of the other two in a general way under Carleton. For two cranberry har- vest seasons, Mr. and Mrs. Ham- mond lived on the property at Car- ver, where there is a substantial bog house with electricity and tele- phone. Mrs. Dellie Hammond, like Del- lie's mother, has developed a great interest in cranberry growing and has become proficient in running a bog pump, assisting on frost work, and doing other .I'obs connected with actual cranberry growing. As a matter of fact, it was rather nec- essary that she lend a hand with pumps and bog flowing because of lack of help, but at the same time she has "taken" to cranberry growing and it was work she en- joyed and does not call an unwel- come chore. She has attended a number of the cranberry club and other cran- berry meetings and is a member of the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association. Dellie himself thinks he must have begun working around, or, perhaps more accuratelv, "plaving around" on cranberry bogs when he was no more than 12. He has pulled some weeds, picked a few cranberries, and done other jobs for his father ever since he can re- member, working Saturdays, Sun- days, holidays and school vacations from time to time. He belongs to no organizations of any kind except those relating to cranberries, his membership in- cluding only the CCCGA and the Southern Massachusetts Cranberry Club. Dellie, as a young man himself, feels the younger growers should play a more aggressive role in the cranberry industry. He knows they will have to as oMer growers give up the reins. Aggressive by nature, he beliey^ the younger growers must not hesitate to ad- vance their ideas. He believes that interest and aggressiveness on the part of these younger men is not only for their own interests, but necessary to the long-range success of the industry. While assertive himself, he is not putting forward ideas in the spirit that the younger group knows all the answers about cran- berry growing. In fact, he says the deeper he gets into cranberry culture the less he realizes he knows, and his own ignorance, in the face of all there is to know, ap- pals him. He is very much interested in the technical side of cranberry growing and would like to be able to learn more through competent instruc- tion. "I would like to see some sort of a school for cranberry growers — both young and old", he says, put- ting out this thought as one con- structive suggestion. "I person- ally wou'd like to learn a great deal more about cranberry insects and how to handle them, and more about boff-flowing practices. I'd like to have the opinions of the growers assembled and some ap- proved practices outlined. "Someone like Dr. Franklin or Joe Kelley could give us a lot of in- formation with such a school as (Continued on Pasre 13) McCONNON ei^€icUU./w >» A SABADILLA Insecticide Proved Effective in Controlling Bluntnosed Leaf hopper and Blackheaded Fireworm. "SABACIDE 40" is today's answer to the demand of cranberry growers for an effective insecticide to replace pyrethr''m. Very little pyrethrum has been allocated for agricultural use this year — but "SABACIDE 40" is now available in large enough quantities to control these in- sects. McConnon "SABACIDE 40" contains activated Saba- dilla seed. This new material gave a good ki 1 of Blunt- nosed Leafhopper and Blackheaded Fireworms last season in la"ge scale tests. Information obtained from many 1944 tests indicate that Sabadilla has greater residual tox- icity than pyrethrum on many insects. McConnon "SABACIDE 40" is manufactured accord- ing to a new activating process teveloped and covered by patent applications by Dr. T. C. Allen and his associates at the University of Wisconsin. The patents pending are assigned to the Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation. McConnon and Company has the experience and the facil- ities to assure you of a uniform, quality product. ORDER EARLY — Because of delays that may be caused by overtaxed transportation and labor shortage, it is impoitant that you or er "SABACIDE 40" early. Write or wire us taday for the name and address of your nearest Sabacide supplier. McCONNON & COMPANY WINONA, MINNESOTA Eleven /(^ WAR BONDS FIGHT FOR NDEPENDENCE BACK IN 1776 the people of America fought for FREEDOM they won it. In 1865 they gained freedom of another kind. And now again, in 1945, we are concluding another fight against those who thought to oppress the world. The best kind of a Fourth of July celebration is to BUY STILL ANOTHER BOND. This is the 37th of a series of war-time messages sponsored by the following public- spirited firms and individuals. Slocum-Cibbs Cranberry Co. RUEL S. GIBBS, Gen. Mgr. Jesse A. Holmes & Son Sawmills at Carver, Mass. Tel. Carver 10-3 Fuller-Hammond Co. Onset, Mass. ROBT. C. HAMMOND Decas Cranberry Company Growers and Shippers of CAPE COD CRANBERRIES Wareham, Mass. Smith-Hammond Co. Pt. Independence, Mass. CARLETON D. HAMMOND General Manager CARLETON D. HAMMOND, JR. Ass't General Manager Acushnet Saw Mills Co. New Bedford, Mass. GOOD WOOD BOXES Est. 1865 L. B. R. BARKER Buzzards Bay Mass. H. R. BAILEY CO. South Carver, Mass. ELLIS D. ATWOOD South Carver, Mass. ISSUE OF JULY, 1945 Vol. 10 No. 3 'J;t«M«>it*«-»««««n'>Ms^' SURVEY PROGRESS PROGRESS toward some final deter- mination in the relations of the fresh fruit and processing cooperatives has cer- tainly been made in the past month. It would be brash at this time to attempt to say what the eventual situation will be. The 1121 cooperative members of the cran- berry industry (figures those of Booz, Al- len & Hamilton) making up 56 per cent of the total and producing 70 per cent of the crop, are in the main just now begin- ning to get some comprehension of the contents of this B. A. & H. survey report. It will not be long before a considerable proportion of them will have individual copies of the survey, in whole or part, for their perusal. It would seem no irrevocable action to- ward a permanent set-up should be made until the members, who are the coopera- tives, thoroughly study and make up their minds as to what is the best for their co- operative future. Since last month co- operative bodies have met and given the matter of a final over-all some considera- tion with varying action, and the Joint Committee of 8 is meeting and carrying out its instructions. MASS. CROP ESTIMATES LESS exciting than the matters of sur- vey, but still of importance, especially to Massachusetts growers, is the fact that considerable progress is being made in the direction of getting an up-to-date list of Massachusetts cranberry growers in the hands of C. D. Stevens, New England Crop Report Statistician, with a view toward his being able to make more accurate crop estimates. This is a matter in which CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM. MASSACHUSETTS Subscription $2.60 per year Advertising rates upon application Editor and Publisher CLARENCE J. HALL LEMUEL C. HALL Associate Editor CORRESPONDENTS-ADVISORS Wisconsin VERNON GOLDSWORTHY Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin Washington-Oregon J. D. CROWLEY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. ETHEL M. KRANICK Bandon, Oregon Massachusetts DR. HENRY J. FRANKLIN Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. BERTRAM TOMLINSON Barnstable County Agricultural Agent Barnstable, Mass. New Jersey CHARLES A. DOEHLERT, Acting Chief, New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station, Pemberton, New Jersey growers can cooperate to help themselves. A chairman has been set up in each town or district to furnish crop information to Mr. Stevens when he needs it to make his estimates. Cooperate with this chairman in your particular area. Hammond Interests (Continued from Page 11) that. We could get together once a month for instruction on and dis- cussion of one specific problem — just one thing at a time. I know we get these in ta'ks and some dis- cussion at the cranberry club and other meetings, but at these there isn't enough time available to go into a subject as thoroughly as I'd like to see it gone into. The grow- er does learn from these meetings, a lot, but with a number of topics taken up I think he goes away with no one thing sufficiently clear in his mind. I know I do. I'd like to take notes at these 'classes', keep the material for reference, study it. "There could be scientific and constructive consideration of in- sects— one particular insect at a time — and the best control prac- tices under various circumstances taken up fu^ly. I'd like to know a lot more about all cranberry in- sects and their best controls. I'm interested in learning all I can about these bugs. "We hear a lot of things we should do about the whole water control idea and things we shouldn't do. Some of these seem conflict- ing. I know the problems of every bog are difierent, and every year is diff'erent, but I'd like to know ex- actly what are the approved prac- tices— as far as they have been ascertained at present — winter flood, insects, frosts. "If we knew more about just these things we'd be making a couole of definite steps ahead." Carleton Says Cranberries Are Full Time Occupation As for Carleton Hammond's ob- Tbirteeo servations of the cranberry indus- try, he says his years of experience have taught him, among other things, at least two major facts. One is that a man should never build or bi"y a cranberry bog un- less there is sufficient capital in back of the venture: the other is that cranberry-growing is a full- time job for any man. Regarding the first premise, he says he has seen too many "bad" years come around when through crop failure, as was the ease last year for many Massachusetts Prowers, or for some other reason largely beyond control, reserve capital is absolutely necessary. Without this capital to live on and to enable a grower to hold his property, to survive and make a recovery, he fails. "No matter what anybody else may say", he says, "cranberry- growing is a full-time occupation for a man — he shouldn't try to grow cranberries and at the same time carry on another business. Naturally there is the exception to that when a man enters the busi- ness intending to place the full responsibility of operation upon a manager. In that case he has to have a man who is a competent grower, who will be interested and as trustworthy in running the bog as if it was his own. "But it has been my experience and observation that a man can't divide his time between two busi- nesses. There is plenty to do in FLEX-O-SEAL PORTABLE PRESSURE-TIGHT IRRIGATION PIPE • For Overhead Sprink'.er Systems Showing Flexibility of Pipe Joint Male End just growing cranberries to take his full time and energy, for most of the year, anyway." THE CARVER BOG The Carver bog is considered by the Hammonds as their best pro- perty, as production average is highest. This is despite the fact that the water supply can only be called "fair." The source of water is entirely from springs and nat- ural water-shed, there being no ponds or streams which can be tapped. There is, however, the ad- vantage of entirely gravity flow. Water is used from two reservoirs which total 18-20 acres in extent. Because of this tight water sup- ply, the management of the Carver property presents some special and interesting problems and the Ham- monds have had to work out solu- tions as applying to their own par- ticular difficulties. Female End 1 Write Distributors below for full details: ^ Miller Irrigation Co., Inc., Williamstown, N. Y. Lewis W. Barton, Haddonfield, New Jersey Farm Bureau Ass'n, 155 Lexington St., Waltham 54, Mass. Wm. Richards, Veg-Acre Farm, Forest- dale, Mass. Frank E. Shepard, Shepard Farms, Wood- bury, Conn. Ideal Equipment Co., 540 Grand Ave., Port Washington, Wis. Manufactured by Chicago Metal Mfg. Co., Chicago 32, 111. Many Small Bog Units This Carver property consists of numerous small bogs "rambling around" (as Dellie says) in a total holding of about 200 acres. They were built piecemeal over the years and so were not laid out in a planned pattern. Hooking them together with a comprehensive water control plan required much careful thought and experiment. It was necessary to adapt the wat- ter system in relation to both bog location and the supply. However, small bog units, espec- ially if with scant water supply, are considered by many to be bet- ter bog properties in some respects than bogs of larger units. The ad- vantages are that a small piece can be flowed quickly and with less water for either frost protection or insect treatment, or for after- picking flood to c'ear the bog and get floats. Also this after-harvest MATHEWS Portable Wheel Conveyers LIGHT STRONG • ECONOMICAL These strong, moderately priced sections are available in 5' and 10' lengths, and with 8, 10, or 12 wheels per foot. 45° and 90° Curves and attractive Tripod Supports are standard accessories. The Type 115 Wheel is of the highest quality, the result of 40 years of Mathews experience in conveyer bearing and wheel manufacture. Universal Couplings make sec- tions easy to set up and take down. New bulletin and prices available immediately upon request. MATHEWS CONVEYER COMPANY TENTH STREET • ELLWOOD CITY, PENNA. In New England FROST INSECTICIDE COMPANY • ARLINGTON, MASS. . Fourteen flood need not be held up because a part of the unit has not been nicked, as is often the case on lr:"ei' bogs. Naturally, a smaller unit can be more conveniently flooded at any time. "It ha^ become our conviction," srys Dellie. "that \vs don't hold vi'ith large bog' units, at least with conditions such as those at Carver. We arc even cutting ud some of the larger pieces by diking them cfi into smaller units." The main water supp'y is from the larger of the two reservoirs, this being about 12 acres in extent ;it complete capocity. After flow- in'': by gravit^' to the main and other series cf bogs the water is pumped back for re-use by two 30 horsepower electric motors. In the event there is a power failure, an auxiliary (converted IWodel A Ford) can immediately be cut in. The other reservoir, "Raccoon Pond", so-called, which isn't much of a pond when the springs and watershed are low, builds up tT about eight acres when fullest, and water from this is drawn back by a big Bailey pump, powered with a heavy McCormick engine. Originally most flumes were box, but these are being rep'aced by those of the open type which the Hammonds prefer — one reason be- ing they find the box type becomes a bottleneck if debris gets stuck in it. Portable Pumps Being Found Successful To make the water system func- tion more efficiently, portable pumps, five in number, are in use this year, after a couple were tried out experimentally last year. The pumps are in "dog houses", and they are Bailey six-inch, driven by Wisconsin motors. The outfits can be set up by two men in a couple of hours and are transferred from point to point as needed. The Hammonds find these port- ables a good solution to such a water situation as theirs at Carver. It is only in years of abnormal water supply, guch as 1945 turned out to be this spring, that water can be handled with comparative freedom. This year in the April "breather" some of the water was let go down the stream. Drainage is through the Smalley bog of the Fuller-Hammond Co. into Tihonet pond, down the canal to the Mill pond at Wareham, and into Ware- ham river and Buzzards Bay. In years of normal supply exact judg- ment in handling of water must be used, and the system, as laid out with the numerous small bogs, makes p'enty of active work on nights of frost. Water Conservation May Be Asset With the necessary conservation of water, Dellie says: "We simply don't use much water on these bogs for frost — we can't, it isn't there." He has a suspicion this very lack of water may be one reason why these bogs have high production. This is in line with the school of thought that growers may often cut their crops unnecessarily by the use of too much water. At these bogs this can't be done. "In- ability to flow, except when abso- lutely necessary, may really be an asset", he believes. The Carver property is actually five series of bogs: (1), the "Ira Bump" bogs, so named because of their builder, and the best bearing piece of the whole property, a sec- tion of Early Blacks is here. (2), the "Main" bogs, "Six", "eight" "nine" and "14", called so because of their acreage, and the "Tele- phone" bog, located near the bog house with its telephone; (3), "Erickson", again named for the former owner, the "Johnson", the " CRANBERRY BOG SPRAYING SERVICE FOR HIRE TO MASSACHUSETTS GROWERS SPRAYERS ON TRUCKS, WITH ONE EXPERI- ENCED OPERATOR TO EACH TRUCK Growers to Furnish Spray Material and Men to work with our Operator Rates for this service available at our offices Wianno Ave. Osterville, Mass. Tel. Osterville 688 25 Eastern Ave. Dedham, Mass. Tel. Dedham 1540 ALDRICH TREE SERVICE, Inc. LANDSCAPE FORESTRY THOMAS BROTHERS General Contractors MIDDLEBORO, MASS. Tel. Midcleboro 772 Concrete Flumes and Pumpw^ells Transit Mix Concrete Complete Line of Construction Equipment Excavating - Grading - Hauling Leave the Toug-h Jobs for Us Our Experience is Your Guarantee Fifteen CRANBERRIES PHOTO SECTIONS OF "CARVER" BOG IN FLOOD "Keyes", and the "Dry Johnson"; (4), the "Woods" bogs, so called for the simple reason they are lo- cated where the pines are more "woodsy", and consisting of six units; (5), the "Burgess", 12 acres which has been out of production for the past two years because of drought, fireworm and winterkill, normally a dry bog. Spring Raking for Three Bog Series Three of these series, the "Bump" "Erickson" and the "Woods" have scantier supply than the Main bog series and because of this it is necessary to reverse the program of bog work after harvesting to the spring — that is, raking, sanding, etc. This is on the premise that there may not be sufficient water for comp'ete winter protection, and if the vines have not been dis- turbed by raking or other fall work they go into the winter with more vitality and so are better able to stand winter cold. Sand is no pi'oblem at the Carver property, as there is plenty of good quality sand and there is a pit adjacent to every one of the bogs, about 20 pits in all. Incidentally, one of the best bogs on the entire property — when it bears — is the so-called "Beaton" bog, a dry piece of about two and a half acres. There are years when it is entirely winterki'led or cleaned out by frost. When it escapes these it yields a fine crop. This bears out the general opinion that when conditions are favorable dry bogs in Massachusetts are val- uable pieces to own. (Continued next month) CCI Meeting (Continued from Page 8) study, and are engaged in it at present." Mr. Lewis then went on to say that in addition to hunting for an understudy, Booz, Allen & Hamil- ton had obtained a full-time treas- urer for CCI, it also being an ad- verse criticism that the corpora- tion had no fu'1-time man in this position. This new treasurer, Garland Boothe, was present and was later introduced. Mr. Lewis took up point 4, "that the organization structure needs clarification and simplifica- tion." He spoke of plans now in progress for one general plant manager, saying that Mr. Urann had this in mind, and also to give this new general plant manager more authorit,v. He touched on growers service department, say- ing that "Sometimes the smallest grower has the finest ideas, and through the growers sei'vice de- partment every member has an opportunity to talk this over in- timately, and in that way ideas are often introduced that are very valuable and can be put into ef- fect." Director Harrison Director Isaac Harrison of New Jersey took up article 5, which concerned need for a "redetennin- ation of personnel requirements and re-appraisal of CCI executives and employes, in order to formu- late a compensation program suit- able to meet CCI's future require- ments." The B., A. & H. survey did not approve of a policy of help- ing executives and employes to become cranberry growers in their own right, believing it was not in the best interest of the coopera- tive in the long run that low- salaried executives should be hand- ling their own production in more or less degree. Mr. Harrison per- sonal'y defended this idea. He said he was not going to dis- cuss it entirely from the point of defending the policy of Mr. Urann and his associates. He said it must be recognized CCI is a cooperative and not a commercial corporation. He said it was a cooperative of producers, and to make executives producers themselves and there- fore familiar with and in the same situation as the cooperative mem- bers he regarded rather as a sound policy than a bad one. He said he had personally interviewed men on the outside of cranberries, men in good positions, and they would be willing to enter Cranberry Canners employ at a relatively low salary if they could be helped at the same time to become cranberry growers in their own right. "I want to defend this idea which the survey people con- demned", he said. "I think a way can be found to make our exec- utives producers so that their problems will be the same as ours, and they will be more in sympathy with our own problems. The board is open to suggestions from the floor, but personally I am in favor of the method of compensating the executives over and above their sa'aries." Later, Mr. Urann, discussing this, said that while the plan to lielp employes obtain cranberry bogs had been given discussion and had been considered by the man- agement, the plan up to this time Sixteen Orders Should Be Placed NOW for Fall Needs Pumps, screenhouse equipment, separators, etc. Growers who are considering installation of sprinkler systems for next spring should get in touch with us as soon as possible. WE REPEAT: 1945 is still a difficult year, although we are doing our best to give you the service and equipment wanted. Please don't delay in letting us know your requirements as far ahead as you can anticipate them. HAYDEN SEPARATOR MANUFACTURING CO. E. C. St. Jacques WAREHAM, MASS. had not been put in effect with any of the cooperatives executives, or employes. One reason why he had looked upon this plan with favor was "because too often an executive stays on the job in a co- operative until he feels that he owns it and that it owes him a living. I don't want that to hap- pen to CCI." Mr. Urann discussed article 7, "that Canners was expanding too fast." He said the time was com- ing when the million barrel must be handled — there will be an- other '.37 and another '42 with soft berries. "I regard CCI as a form of insurance. Our plants can now handle 300,000 barrels comfortably. They are in a position to protect you from a big crop, a tender crop, or any situation which might destroy your market. The last three or four years no one has had a control over facil- ities. We have had to jump from tin to glass, from canned to de- hydrated, to meet changing condi- tions, but remember this — we have been ready every time. These plants have been built up to meet any emergency that may strike, and that policy will continue as long as I am at the helm of this cooperative." Solid confirmation of this policy appeared from the meeting in a spontaneous and obviously sincere round of applause. Director Potter Guy Potter, also director from Wisconsin, made a speech which drew a lot of smiles and laughs. He said: "I am not here to defend Mr. Urann on anything. In fact, I have criticised him on a few things which no one else has crit- icised. "The survey mentions expedi- ency. The fact is, it was neces- sary to use expediencies to meet the emergencies, but Mr. Urann is a good bit like the late President Roosevelt was in that respect when the war first started. For a whi'e he would do things and then tell the directors afterwards. Re- member when President Roosevelt gave 56 ships to England and then told Congress about it afterward? Mr. Urann has been something like that. But he is getting over this, and it is -not all due to the survey. He began taking the board into his confidence more than two years ago." He continued that Mr. Urann had bought the Gurnee plant with- out telling anyone about it. He then went on to tell about the new freezer at North Chicago, saying it was a "beauty" and that "Mr. Urann had asked his board for authority to build this before he built it.'"' Remaining points of elements to be corrected were read by Mr. Hedler, but not discussed. As the final part of the meeting, in the efi^ort to give every member as much information concerning the survey as rapidly as it is possible to do so, Mr. Lewis read extracts from the over-all report. It was after these reports by directors, tending to show that Cranberry Canners administration was accept- ing the criticisms of Booz, Allen & Hamilton and taking steps to cor- rect points which the survey showed should be corrected, that Mr. Urann put the matter of fur- ther action up to the membership. At the directors' meeting fol- lowing officers wei^e chosen as fol- lows: President, M. L. Urann; first vice president, Carl B. Urann; second vice president, Franklin S. Chambers; third vice president, Charles L. Lewis; fourth vice president (Pacific Division), Rolla Parrish; secretary, John C. Makepeace; treasurer. Garland Boothe; vice president sales divis- ion, H. Gordon Mann; vice presi- dent growers' service, Ferris C. Waite; plant manager and vice president, (Western Division), Marcus M. Havey; plant manager (Pacific Division), W. S. Jacob- son. Out of state visitors at the meet- ing beside the Wisconsin directors included the following from New Jersey: Mr. and Mrs. Franklin S. Chambers, Mr. and Mrs. Isaac Harrison, Theodore Budd; A. W. Lilley, George W. Kelley, Ralph B. Clayberger; C. M. Chaney and Les- ter Haines, New York office of American Cranberry Exchange. Colley Leaves CCI Orrin G. Colley, who has been vice president of Cranberry Can- ners in charge of berry supply, has sent in a letter of resignation from that position which has been accepted. Mr. Colley has recently purchased additional cranberry bog, which he operates in associa- tion with his father, and brother, George Colley, Sr. and Jr., this be- ing the 30-acre Southern Marsh bog formerly owned by Colbui'n Wood. This addition makes 50 or so acres which the Colleys operate, and also Orrin will devote more time to the Colley Cranberry Com- pany of Plymouth, distributors of Cape Cod cranberries. Seventeen Fresh from the Fields (Continued from Page 5) MASSACHUSETTS ^Growers Concur — This prelim- inary forecast by USDA and Mr. Chaney's "Guesstimate" would just about square with generol opinion in Massachusetts as June was ending, where belief was that the crop would be just about a "normal" one, with a shading to somewhat above normal if any- thing- (before the storm). Bogs had blossomed very promisingly in many instances by around June 20 and the setting on early water appeared very encouraging. Late water was too early to tell, but there were indications in some areas that the prospect was less good. Pune Warmed Up — The low temperatures of most of April and all of May (actually in mean aver- age not quite as low as seemed) continued into the first ten days or so of June, as did June frost warnings. During May, as record- ed at Middleboro, there was but a single day when skies were clear all day. May rainfall there to- taled 4.82 inches, which fell on 12 of the 31 days. May mean record- ed there was 63.48, nearly ten de- grees higher than the month of April, and compares to a May, 1944 mean of 75.71. HFrost Loss .5 Per Cent — A lit- tle more than 30 frost warnings We Have Listings of Cranberry Bogs, Large and Small FOR SALE Geo. A. Cole Agency WILDA HANEY Decas Block Wareham, Massachusetts JARI POWER SCYTHE Cuts weeds, grass, brush Write for details were given for the April, May, June period, making the season one of the most troublesome on record. While frosts over the whole areas occurred on only a few nights, temperatures forecast were always reached at some point in the district, making the fore- casts and consequent frost flood- ings necessary. Dr. Franklin esti- mates frost losses as a whole as perhaps a little more than five per cent, although some individual bogs were severely hit by one or more of the frosts. Growers feel these repeated floodings can scarcely fail to show up with some reduction of the crop in prospect. HJ u n e Insects Light — Insect trouble and damage was unusually light. Especially light was the gypsy moth infestation in Barn- stable County, where usually it is much more severe than in Ply- mouth. Gypsies worked extensive- ly on some areas in Plymouth County. UPlymcuth Prospects Brighter — In genera!, as June went out, the prospects for Plymouth county were brighter than for th3 Cape, where there was more frost injury and where many bogs ha..; not made as satisfactory recovery from the winterkill of '43-'44 and the dry weather of last summer. WISCONSIN ^Prospects Dcwn — F ear e x- ]-ressed by ^ome Wisconsin grow- ers last nunth that the cold spring with consequent heavy use of v.-ater miglu impair crop prospects piipcar to h?.ve ccms true, and in- dications are t':at I'roduction wJ'. not be on par with th? high leve Caico Rainmaker Portable Steel Pipe Buckner Sprinklers Overhead irrigation Jari Power Scythe 36" Sickle Mower Milorganite Organic 6% Nitrogen Fertilizer New Engrand Tore Co. I New Engl-an J T©f7/ er THE MOST COMPLETE LINE OF TILLAGE EQUIPMENT IN THE WORLD CA PACITIES 14 IN TO 7 FT CUTTING WIDTHS ARIENS CO. BOX 508 BRILLION, WIS A Reminder That Freedom was won by struggle Have you done your full part in the prosecution of this war? There is still much to be done. Buy- ing a WAR BOND is always a good contribution. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM Tel. 200 PLYMOUTH Tel. 1300 We Handle Cape Cod Cranberries Exclusively Growers using our service are assured of an outlet for their ENTIRE CROP AT TOP PRICES AND PROMPT RETURNS. Our connections supply both the ARMED FORCES and CIVILIAN TRADE with FRESH CRANBERRIES, CANNED SAUCE, and DE- HYDRATED CRANBERRIES. Serving the Cranberry Industry For Over 25 Years BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY Wareham, Massachusetts Tel. Wareham 130 Twenty The Fourth of July is America's most important patriotic holiday Of course we are patriotic. The sacrifices during the past four years have proven that. At Fourth of July and on other holidays our flags fly proudly.- Let's prove our further devotion to final victory with strength of purpose — through steadfast faith in our cause — through adherence to all efforts which advance our fight toward the suc- cessful conclusion of the entire war. MIN-OT FOOD PACKERS, Inc. BRIDGETON, N. J. DAN D. CONWAY. Pres. Eatmor Cranberries CO-OP QUOTES "The war has confirmed the value of another thing- which is important to cooperatives in war or in peace. That is the importance of keeping operations flexible and adaptable to meet chang-ed and changing conditions. The crucible of war has toughened cooperative fibre. Now we must call on that added strength in adjusting peace-time needs. We must be as effective in waging peace as we have been in waging war. Our respoiisibilities are great; our opportunities are even greater." NEW ENGLAND CRANBERRY SALES CO. 9 Station Street MIDDLEBORO, MASSACHUSETTS ■ "The Fresh Cranberry Cooperative" PRESENTING AN $8,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY APE COD NEW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON ROBERT C. HAMMOND, Manager Fuller-Hammond Company 7^ /-^^nfc COOPERATIVE CANNING OF CRANBERRIES began in New Jersey in 1929. Ninety growers, most of whom were members of Growers Cranberry Company, purchased Mrs. Lee's es- tablished business and organized Cranberry Products Inc. to can New Jersey cranberries. The following year this was merged with the Makepeace and Urann interests to form the large cooperative, Cranberry Canners, Inc. Growers Cranberry Company, Inc. PEMBERTON, NEW JERSEY j 1 WISCONSIN MOVES FORWARD COOPERATION PAYS Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company gives the growers cultural and technical help with their cranberry problems. Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin BEGINNING THE 5th YEAR OF STEADY MEMBERSHIP GROWTH- On July 1, CCI began its 5th year of continuous, month-after- month membership growth. Since July, 1941, it has been our privilege to welcome 506 new members into cooperative canning. Of these, 238 were from Washing- ton, 46 from Oregon, 206 from Massachusetts, and 12 from New Jersey. This continuous membership growth is strong evidence that more and more growers are becoming sold on cooperative canning. They see the savings which canning brings them . . . they see the longer cranberry season which canning creates . . . they see the new prod- ucts which canning makes . . . they see the increasing returns which canning earns for their berries. They know that cooperative canning has helped to take the ups and downs out of cranberry marketing, and to make every year a good year. They know that through CCI they find a market for ALL their berries . . . not only the best but all the rest. To help insure the continuance of these benefits, 506 new members joined Cranberry Canners, Inc., during the past 4 years, and still more new members have started our 5th year of steady membership growth. If you are not enjoying the benefits of cooperative canning, why not look into these benefits a little more thoroughly? Growers pro- ducing more than 80 % of the nation's cranberry crop are members of CCI. What benefits so large a majority will also benefit you. CRANBERRY CANNERS, Inc. The Growers' Cooperative Canning Company Hanson, Mass. Onset, Mass. Plymouth, Mass. Dennis, Mass. Coquille, Oregon New Egypt, N. J. North Chicago, III. No. Harwich, Mass. Markham, Wash. Bordentown, N. J. Gurnee, III. Long Beach, Wash. SERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY ADAMS & BEAN CO. Lumber Dealers "Everything Under Cover" East Wareham, Mass. Tel. Wareham 648 Building Material for Bog, Screenhouse and Home Uses Paints - Hardware Marinette & Menominee Box Co. Marinette, Wisconsin BOXES, BOX SHOCKS, CRATING WIREBOUND BOXES AND CRATES M & M's 64th Year Serving the Wisconsin Cranberry Growers CROP-SAVER brand INSECTICIDES FUNGICIDES For the Cranberry Grower CROP-SAVER CHEMICAL COMPANY, Inc. 2630 West Arthington St. Chicago 12, Illinois Cape & Vineyard Electric Company Offices : Chatham Falmouth Hyannis Vineyard Haven Established 1848 Hall & Cole Incorporated Commission Merchants and Jobbers 94 Faneuil Hall Market 102 BOSTON, MASS. APPLES AND CRANBERRIES SPECIALTIES Car Lot Receivers The National Bank of Wareham Wareham, Mass. MEMBER FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION E. T. Cault Transportation Co. Wareham, Mass. Tel. 227 We are ready to give you any kind of cranberry bog construction service. Shovel — bulldozer — trucking — stump pulling — excavating — draghauling — canal and ditch digging. We have Sand, Loam and Gravel We Transport Cranberries Wood County National Bank Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin MEMBER FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION The PLYMOUTH NATIONAL BANK Plymouth Massachusetts Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS MASSACHUSETTS Call WAREHAM 162 S. G. M. Packard & Go. Hardware — Locksmiths For Maintenance Supplies Diesel Bulldozer E. C. HOWES WEST WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. Wareham 405-W-2 Experienced in Bog Work Contact Us Massachusetts Native White Pine Used for Cranberry Boxes F. H. COLE Established 1707 Manufacturer of Wooden Boxes and Shooks North Carver, Mass. Tel. 46-5 Serving Western Cranberry Growers with High Quality Products Rotenone Pyrethrum Sabadilla Nicotine Copper Sprays Oil Sprays Lime Sulphur Solution Miller Products Company Portland 1, Oregon RAIN BIRD SPRINKLERS Pioneers in Cranberry Frost Protection and Irrigation Data from Rain Bird Sprinkler Mfg. Co. Glendora, Calif. L. R. Nelson Mfg. Go. Peoria, 111. Oregon — Washington R. M. WADE OREGON CULVERT & PIPE Portland, Oregon CRANBERRY SCOOPS and SCREENINGS Consumption of American cran- berries in Eng'and as pre-war, is apparently ready to be resumed this year, provided shipping space is obtainable, as Melville C. Bea- ton, Beaton's Distributing Agency, Wareham, has received inquiries from the Dennis Brokerage Com- pany in New York concerning the prospects of getting six or sei'cn cars of berries for shipment to that country. The amount shipped pre-war was usually a thousand barrels or so. * * * * * Dr. Neil E. Stevens is on the Cape for the summer and has re- quested an item be inserted in CRANBERRIES cautioning cran- berry growers to "please not take any hasty pot-shots at any strange-looking- animal they see prowling about their bogs." These are the words of the professor of botany. University of Illinoi-^ — not ours. Dr. Stevens, officialy on va- cation, is unofficially pursuing his studies of alkaline and hard and soft water supplies on Massachu- setts bogs. ***** William F. Huffman of Wiscon- sin Rapids, cranberry grower, edi- tor of Wisconsin Rapids Daily Tribune, and president of Wiscon- sin Network, Inc., had the unfor- tunate experience of being Knocked down by one of his saddle liorses. A fractured left arm and compli- cations necessitated hospitalization ROBERT LENARI Real Estator Reed Avenue - - Manomet, Ma». Tel. Manomet 44-R Specializing in the Purchase and Sale of Cranherry Properties Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK At Screenhouaes, Bo(* and Pumps Means Satisfaction ALFRED PAPPI WAREHAM, MASS. Tal. 620 but he is now recovering. The horse became frightened by a slip- ping girth and charged around, knocking into Huffman. ***** American Cranberry Exchange has received an inquiry from Sec- retary of the Ketchikan Chamber of Commerce, Ketchikan, Alaska, stating the desire for four or five hundred cranberry cuttings for planting on some experimental plots and asking "what variety would grow best in the colder lati- tudes of Alaska, mature fairly early, and produce fair-sized ber- ries." In an exchange of corres- pondence the Exchange has offered to supply the cuttings through Manager Goldsworthy of Wiscon- sin Cranberry Sales. Keith Ben- nett of Wisconsin, who was for- merly inspector for the Exchange and who now is a captain in the U. S. Army, located in Alaska, it is hoped may be able to be of help to the Ketchican Chamber in its experimental cranberry interest. ***** James D. Holman, prominent New Jersey cranberry grower of Ocean county, has been elected president of the New Jersey Agri- cultural Society. ***** E. Clyde McGrew, Lester Haines of the Exchange and J- D. Holman attended a meeting of the Beach Haven Exchange club at Ships Bottom, New Jersey, July 18th, where Mr. McGrew gave a talk and showed slides on growing and packing of cranberries in Massa- chusetts and Wisconsin. Mr. Hol- man also spoke. The Exchange club consists of a lively group of civic-minded Ocean County citi- zens, living along the .seashore, who are interested in backing im- provements for the island com- munity. The group was very at- tentive and enjoyed the presenta- tion of the cranberry industry, the theme of which was the revitalizing Three of interest in the growing of cran- berries in New Jersey and the possibilities of rehabilitation in cranberries for returning service- Staff Sergeant Marcus Urann, son of Mr. and Mrs. Carl B. Urann of Wareham, Mass., who has been meteorologist with headquarters group, Second Air Division in Eng- land, is home on a 30-day furlough after having been in that country nearly three years. At the con- clusion of his furlough he will re- join his group for fui'ther assign- ment. Sgt. Urann made the trip home by air, landing at Bradley Field, Windsor Locks, Conn. One of the first things he did at home was to visit some of the bogs, and his comment is "does it seem good to see them again!" * * ♦ * * No final results of the tests of DDT and hormone weed-killers as carried out at Mass. State bog are yet ready for announcements, but Dr. Alfred Weed of the John M. Powell Company, insecticides, and Dr. Franklin both agree that DDT had remarkably effective kill upon gypsy moths and the kill upon bees is apparently less severe in long range aspect than was anticipat- ed. It is the toxicity upon human beings of this new powerful in- secticide that is now under partic- ular consideration and this fact wi'l be a feature of Dr. Weed's talk before the Cape Growers' As- sociation meeting the 21st. Cape Cod Cranberry Meeting August 21 Growers' Association At East Wareham The 58th annual meeting of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers Associa- tion, President Homer L. Gibbs, is to be held August 21st, Tuesday, at the Massachusetts State Bog. As this goes to press the program for this important cranberry meet- ing is definitely nebulous, but it is expected the usual instructive talks wi'l be presented, election of ofiicers held, and C. D. Stevens will make his official 1945 crop esti- mate. There will be speakers from Massachusetts State College, in- cluding, it is hoped. Dr. Fred J. Sievers, director Extension Ser- vice and Willard Munson; also Dr. Franklin, Dr. Bergman, and Dr. Neil E. Stevens, who is on the Cape for the summer, Fred Cole, Massachusetts Commissioner of Agriculture, Dr. Hugh H. Bennett of the U. S. Water and Soil Con- servation Service, Dr. Alfred Weed, chief entomologist of John M. Powell & Company, New York in- secticide house. Congressman Chas. L. Gifford, and others. Arrangements for the dinner are in progress and will be as sat- isfactory as can be obtained in these times of acute food scai'city in Massachusetts. 265 More Jamaicans Bring Total In Mass. To 425 BUY WAR BONDS Additional Jamaicans numbering 265 are expected to be available for the Massachusetts harvest, ar- riving September 1. At present there are approximately 160 men at Camp Manuel in Plymouth em- p'oyed by the growers. This new consignment will make a total of 425, which considerably exceeds the capacity of the camp to house. CRANBERRY BOG SPRAYING SERVICE FOR HIRE TO MASSACHUSETTS GROWERS SPRAYERS ON TRUCKS, WITH ONE EXPERI- ENCED OPERATOR TO EACH TRUCK Growers to Furnish Spray Material and Men to work with our Operator Rates for this service available at our offices Wianno Ave. Osterville, Mass. Tel. Osterville 688 25 Eastern Ave. Dedham, Mass. Tel. Dedham 1540 ALDRICH TREE SERVICE, Inc. LANDSCAPE FORESTRY Some of these new workers will of necessity have to be housed in growers' quarters, and growers able to house this help are being requested to do so. Growers who have been housing help have al- ready indicated the numbers they will need for harvest. There is sti 1 a surplus and a survey is be- ing made by Frank T. White of the Brockton office, Extension Ser- vice, to ascertain the individual growers' needs. This does not mean that gener- ally speaking the supply of Jamai- cans is sufficient to fill the expect- ed dem.and, as it is not. However, Extension Service is reasonably confident that this additional allo- cation will be made to the growers, and will he'p out to that extent. GROSSMAN'S A HALF CENTURY OF SERVICE Building Materials Paints Hardware Tel. New Bedford 5-7438 27 Ashley Boulevard J Issue of August, 1945 — Vol. 10, No. 4 Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop, Main St.. Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscription $2.50 per year. Entered as second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post office at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3, 1879. FRESH FROM THE FIELDS By C J. H. MASSACHUSETTS lI"Between 400-500,000"— Crop prospects as July ended had been whittled down from an over-opti- mism at b''ooming time to a gen- eral consensus of opinion as "be- tween 400 and 500 thousand bar- rels", a rough estimate, but re- flecting the uncertainty. Although growers have been fooled before, hope rises high with a heavy blos- som, and that was the case this year and the set (all late water not determined) cut down the pic- ture materially. With good grow- ing conditions in August and un- til the crop is picked there was still quite common opinion that the crop might rise toward 500,000, but most probably guessed "nearer 400 than 500," with 450-475 at the best. ITSet Not as Heavy as Bloom — Main causes for the lack of set to correspond to the bloom, in the opinion of Dr. Franklin, were the extremely warm temperatures in March, too much rainfaH in May and June and there was also too much rain in the first half of July. Many attributed the lack of set to the downpour of rain and high winds of the fringe of the tropical storm which hit New England June 26 and 27. These point out that bogs which had set considerably before that storm look much better than those which were in fullest bloom during the storm with set not accomplished to much extent. There was a super-abundance of pinheads re- ported very widely. TlBig Berries — Dr. Franklin be- lieves Massachusetts berries in general will be large, again due to the high March temperatures, and apparently of faii'ly good keeping quality. HFruitworm Very Light — Fruit- worm infestation in general has been rather light, in fact on most bogs extremely so, a great many bogs having abnormally light in- festations. A few individual in- (Continued oii Pa^e 16) SURVEY N. E. SALES VOTES 40% PROCESSED, 60% FRESH, CROP ALLOCATION During the past month the Sur- vey "Joint Committee of 8" has had no occasion to caM any meet- ing and so has taken no action of any kind, although steps relating to the survey have been made by cooperatives. A special committee consisting of three, L. B. R. Bai'ker and Ruel S. Gibbs, past presidents, and E. L. Bartholomew, appointed to work with A. D. Benson, manager of N. E. Sales, to draft a plan (the Benson plan) for a "National As- sociation of Cranberry Cooperat- ives." has held one meeting and made some progress, and the di- rectors of N. E. Sales Co. have voted upon the allocation of the 1945 crop, this to be on the basis of 40 per cent for processing pur- poses and 60 per cent for sales on the fresh market. These two matters, together with crop aPocation of the Grow- ers' Cranberry Company when voted by the New Jersey group and the allocation of the Wiscon- sin Cranberry Sales Company, which in June voted this division this year be along the lines rec- ommended by the Committee of 8, will be taken up when the next meeting of the Joint Committee of 8 is called. Chairman Atwood says. Wisconsin Sales holds its regular summer meeting August 11th. Allocation of the crop of N. E. Sa'es was left by unanimous vote of directors in the hands of the Canning Committee and the man- ager. Acting under this, three meetings were held and the re- sults have been set forth as fol- lows: The Canning Committee of the New England Cranberry Sales Co. recommends that for the season of 1945 some alloca- tion of the cranberry crop mar- keted by the Cooperative inter- ests be made as between sup- plies for the fresh market and supplies for processing pur- poses. After reviewing all available statistics of the cranbei'ry crops for the past five years and other figures relative to tne disposition of the crops of those years it is further recommended by this committee that for the reason of 1945 the crop to be niarkotnJ by the Cooperative interests be allocated on the basis of 40 7-1 for processing purposes and 60% for sales on the fresh mar- ket. It is further recommended that monthly reports of deliv- eries be tabulated and distrib- uted to participating parties and on or about December 1st a re- view of the disposition of the Clop be made and necessary ad- justments in percentages be con- summated, under the direction of the Committee of Eight LeBaron R. Barker, Chairman. This action was then voted by directors, although the vote was not unanimous. Since the major cooperative.^ of the industry have voted the Booz, Allen & Hamilton survey definite changes have and are taking place. Spscial agreements of i.i:? New England Cranberry Sales Com- Dany concerning canning are no longer in eff^ect. N. E. directors have passed a vote of instruction to the cUrk of the company to send a resume of action of all future directors' meetings to members so that the latter may be more fully advised regarding the affairs of the com- pany as carried on at directors' meetings, and this Mr. Benson is doing. Continuing forward steps are being taken by the company in service to members, both as re- gards packing facilities and crop production. IDirectors are consid- ering ways and means for the company to better serve its mem- bership. This includes plans to increase the membership and in (Contipuei} on P^ee 13) Five Robert C. Hammond Manages Fuller-Hammond Properties Also Personal Bogs of Late Father, I. C. Hammond, and Two of His Own — Is Director of N. E. Cranberry Sales Company. By CLARENCE J. HALL Robert Cushnian Hammond, son of the late Irving- C. Hammond, who manages the about 210 acre properties of the Fuller-Hammond Com- pany, the 40 or so acres personally owned by his father, and operates a couple of small bogs strictly his own, gives to the business of cranberry growing the full regard due it. A director of New England Cranberry Sales Company, he is one of the most serious-mindeo of the younger Massachusetts growers. Right now he is one of the busiest. The rush of his present activities is due partly to the fact that the bogs he tends to are in three counties and because the war has taken away many of the men upon whom he formerly depended for assistance. This summer sees, for him, the tightest situation of the war. He is conducting the affairs of these many bog acres without a single executive assistant. All the worries, from those of the exceedingly "trying" spring frost season this year, to the decisions regarding insect and weed control, are his own. Hurried, but not "harried", he covers a triangle of bogs. He slides along one side of this tri- angle the 50 or more miles from the Pine Island bog in Mashpee, Barnstable county to the Norton bog in Bristol; a'ong the second side to the Smalley bog in Ware- ham-Carver and on to the Boot Pond bog near Plymouth, about 40 miles; from Boot Pond down to Mashpee, a distance of some 40 miles also. He regards the extreme short- age of help as not quite so unfor- tunate as it would be if some of the bogs were in position to bear higher crops than they are. This is because of a program of root grub control by water which takes a certain percentage out of production each year and to the fact that some were severely hurt in the great 1943-44 winterkill. This, however, does not mean any less work, except in the har- vesting and shipping. In the in- terim in both these phases of working toward full recovery, he feels good progress is being made. It will also be a happier day for him when more labor (it is hoped) will be available to restore most Massachusetts bogs to their for- mer condition, with weeds well controlled. As I. C. Hammond entered the cranberry fie'd in a small way in the 1880s, many of his holdings advancing in age. In the nat- ural course of events they have been subjected to the "strains and stresses" of long production and one of the aspects of the years has been infestations of root grub on some bogs. It is held that root- grub seldom attacks bogs in Mas- sachusetts less than 20 years old, and as Massachusetts bogs have gone into decades of operation, root grub is becoming an increas- ing problem. The situation ap- plies to many older bogs. Dr. Franklin has come to regard root- grub as one of the more pressing problems of present-day Massachu- setts cranberry growing. He has estimated root grub has taken as high as 200,000 barrels from the potential crop in some years. The grub is a menace which he feels many growers have not yet recog- nized as fuly as they will have to. "Bob" Hammond has full realiza- tion of the grub — and has gone after it. Program for Root Grub Dr. Franklin's recommendation for the cure of root and white grub is to let the water off early in April, keep the ditches dry un- til May 12. and reflood until about July 15 — killing the grub, but at the cost of the crop for the year. Treatment by sodium cyanide is recommended for small areas in- fested. Hammond, who has some large infected areas to control, is putting his faith in the water pro- gram, principally, rather than cya- nide, although he uses both. "I swear by water for control of root grub", he says. "I know I am getting results from putting the infested areas under water. I have learned by experience that I can kill root grub this way. Cya- nide does a job, too, and if put on at the right time you don't lose the crop, but in my own experience i I have found water more effective." He is maintaining a program of keeping 30 or more acres under water for this two-month period each year and this has run as high as 80 acres.. Since such a cure takes the bog out of production for a year, many large growers are loath to take the step and growers owning a single bog are not always able to forego an entire year's bog income. Hammond, however, has taken the bull by the horns and is well into a program of this water control method. A few other large growers are doing likewise. The entire 160-acre Makepeace- Wankinquoah bog was under this year and so was con- siderable acreage of the J. J. Beaton Company. That his program is successful is proven by well-vined areas, for- merly infested, as the area of the Smalley bog in the accompanying photo, with newly-set vines in the . patch in the foreground, covering a small corner completely rebuilt. The Smalley Bog The Smalley bog of the Fuller- Hammond Company, of some 60 acres, was begun as one of the earlier bogs of Plymouth County. A date on a flume there was re- corded as 1883. It was purchased by the company from James A. Smalley of Wareham, and others in 1906. These owners bought it from A. D. Makepeace in Decem- ber 1884. The bog is located mostly in Wareham, near Tihonet, although a part of it is in Carver. A Little About James Anthony Smalley James Anthony Smalley, born in Brewster, and died in Wareham April 8, 1909, aged 82 years, was one of the better-known Cape growers of the past century who, making a success of cranberries on the Cape in a small way, saw greater advantages in Plymouth county, and so took part in the cranberry development of the Wareham-Carver and Rochester area. Brewster tradition has it firmly that his father, Anthony Smalley, was the first to cultivate cranberries in that town. Anthony Smalley had a bog in West Brew- ster on present Route 6 toward Dennis. Older Brewster residents say this was once a great peat bog and quantities of peat were cut for fuel. There is still a large hole from which the peat had been taken. Peat in early days was the principal fuel for Brewster, Orleans, Eastham, communities on the lower Cape where no good firewood in sufficient quantity was available. In building these Wareham- Carver bogs, the men who came up from the Cape brought years of 'Six # ■ •■'^«'>y- CRANBERRIES PHOTO The Smalley bog showing heavy vine growth after flooding treatment, with a small corner entirely rebuilt. (Note — Photo incorrectly captioned "Smalley Bog Screenhouse" in last month s issue, was actually at the Carver bog of the Smith-Hammond Company. cranberry experience with them, the fathers of some having been growers before them, as did Smal- ley. James Anthony had appar- ently been a considerable grower on the Cape. He owned bog not only in Brewster, but in Dennis as well. When he first began it would be hard to determine, but he was among the Brewster tax payers for cranberry bog in 1860, which is as far back as Brewster tax records are available. He was not the largest owner in acreage, but in 1859 he had been the larg- est producer in Brewster. This is shown by a list of Cape growers in the Yarmouth Register, Nov. 11, 1859, which gave their produc- tion and prices received. Smalley topped the Brewster list with 90 barrels, which brought him §990. As a matter of record, the total Brewster crop for that year was 322% barrels and the total income to the town's growers was 83,848. Mr. Smalley was the deve'oper of the "Smalley Howe", this va- riety being developed by him, old Cape residents have said, from vines he obtained from "'Eassett Swamp" in East Dennis, the same swamp from which came the reg- u'ar late Howe. The Smalley Bog The Smalley bog has a good water supply from a reservoir which is filled mostly by natural drainage and from springs. There is never "too much water" and never "not enough", Robert Ham- mond has found in his experience, realizing that too much water which can't be gotten rid of as de- sired can be as bad as a too scanty supp'y. Flowage is by gravity, although two electric pumps and one gasoline are used to recover water when recovery is needed for re-use. Water is held back by one of the longest dams in the indus- try. Flowage for ordinary frost can be obtained by starting water at eight or nine in the evening, although for heavy freezes earlier preparation is necessary. A num- ber of good sand pits scattered about supply ample' sand at con- venient locations. The Smalley bog is set to about 35 acres of Early Blacks, 20 of Howes, and the rest odd varieties, including some of the Smalley Howe of the builder, Round or "Tom" Howes, and McFarlins. A large screenhouse (now somewhat hurricane-damaged and awaiting repairs when labor and material are more plentiful) handles the crop from this bog and also berries from the Agawam at East Ware- ham and from Pine Island. There are four Bailey separators and provision for nine women sorters. At the Norton bog there is a sim- ilar screenhouse for processing the berries there. In certain years Hammond has had New England Cranberry Sales Co. screen and pack a part of the crop through the company screenhouses at Ply- mouth and West Barnstable. There is now no resident foreman at the Sma'ley, but one by the day, "Tony" Jesus. it is on the Smalley that Ham- mond has most intensively applied the water cure' program. It is chiefly from the excellent results he has already obtained in bring- ing infested sections back to nor- mal vines that he is so certain root grub can be beaten when tackled with determination by the water flood method. Norton Bog Fuller-Hammond's Norton bog, 115 acres, is one of relatively few bogs in Bristol county and one of the few inland bogs in Massachu- setts. It is located just off "Old Bay road", an early turnpike from Boston to Taunton, with stone markers giving the date 1773. Running along Mulberry Brook, the bog was built by Mr. Ham- mond in about 1910. The Norton bog is an unusually long and narrow bog, practically a mile long, pei'haps 1500 feet at its widest part and 300 feet across at its narrowest. The lower sec- tions extend along a narrow val- ley, although the upper end — the main bogs — is much wider. Bog is a"l gravity flow from a good- sized reservoir. It is about half set to Early Blacks and half to Howes. In its inland location, the Norton bog has a summer of high- er temperatures than nearer the Seven •v X CRANBERRIES PHOTO Old New England farm house at Norton bog. Above, the Norton Bog. coast, but no longer growing sea- son. There is an early type farm- house on the property where the foreman now lives and where members of the Hammond family have lived at times. The foreman is Edwin Nieme, and his son, Eino, also is employed. The screen- house and a number of small houses for workers (more used formerly than at present) are oth- er buildings on the property. This bog is the largest in Norton. There are several early bogs in the reg- ion. Norton bog has always had the record of being a good producing bog. A part of it, formerly in- fested by root grub, is now well vined over and handsome bog. A portion of it was put under con- trol flood this year. Agawam Bog Third largest bog of the com- pany is the Agawam, 25 acres, in the Maple Spring area at East Wareham. Agawam is the only one of the four which does not have gravity flow, water being moved by a gasoline pump. The property can be covered lor th'3 average frost in about six hours. This bog, as an o'der bog, ai^o has infestations of root grub ar.d was very severely hit by the extraor- dinary winterkill of two years ago. Results of this killing wero ex- tremely spotty, to the puzzlement Eight of Hammond, who has not rea- soned out why the killing should have been so extreme on one sec- tion while another adjoining was hurt only slightly. Pine Island Fourth and sma^est company bog, the Pine Island, 11 acres, very nearly in the heart of Mash- i^ee on the Cape, is now one of the best-bearing of the Company pro- oerties. This, too, was an older bng. but was completely rebuilt in 1936 after it had been under water for about flfteen years. The sub- mergence occurred when a dram at the lower end broke and the water from Mashpee river, which is high- er than bog level, could not be gotten off", repairs not being made to the dam at that time. A new drain now takes care of the surplus water. Pine Island is set entirelv to Early Blacks and is pi'oducing between 60 and 7C bar- rels to the acre, and is a beauti- fu'lv vined bog. Gravity flooding is from Mashpee river. Robert C. Hammond Bob Hammond considers his principal job the care of these companv bogs. But they are only part of his worries. There are also the bogs which I. C. Hammond personally owned, in which he is a nart owner and which are under his supervision. One of these, of ten acres, is known as the East Falmouth bog and is near Pine Island. This bog, at the head of a narrow inlet of Vineyard Sound, was swept completely by hurricane water last fall, the lower end be- ing about six feet under. The salt water, on a faling tide, receded quickly, and while Hammond was won-ied about its appearance last fall and again this spring it no\\ appears not to have been injured to any appreciable extent and looks set for a good heavy crop. Boot Pond bog, about 9 acres, and the larger Jenkins Hole bog are two more "personal" bogs, both being on clear water ponds in Plymouth woods, about four miles from Plymouth town. The two bogs which Robert Hammond himself owns in entire- ly are Long Duck Pond bog, about five acres, reached from Head-of- Bay road at Buzzards Bay, and one of four acres in West Ware- ham, formerly owned by Benjamiii C. Savary of Wareham. Long Duck Pond bog was previously a Fabian bog and built in part by Frank Raymond of Buzzards Bay. This bog is the particular pride of Hammond. It is in iirsc-cias? con- dition. When he bought it. about 1938, he rebuilt a good deal. Set to Early Blacks, its top production has b-en 550 bbls. It is his ambi- tion to get all the bogs under his operation up to this standard. Robert Hammond, born m Onset, attended Wareham schools, being graduated from Wareham Hig't in 1929, then attended school in Bos- ton for a couple of years. It had always been his intention to make cranberry growing his life work. He had been employed summers and other part time by hi^ father from 1926 to 1931. He entered fu'l time cranberry work the fol- lowing year, 1932, and has been at cranberries ever since. He is mar- ried, his wife being the former Eleanor Neal, and has three chil- dren, Eleanor, Sylvia, and Robert Charles Hammond. His major interest is m the growing of the fruit rathe' than in the marketing or in general af- fairs of the industry. Thio does not mean that he thinks a grower .= hould be uninterested in wndL be- comes of his crop after he has produced it. He knows a grower must retain this interest, but the mechanics and intricacies of sell- ing he is content to leave to his cooperative as long as he is con- vinced this is being dono satisfac- torily. Hammond is not forward in ex- pressing his beliefs, but in the due course of conversation it de- velops that he has very definite convictions concerning the cran- berry industry. He has turned over in his mind the many various problems and has arrived at his own conclusions. He has strong convictions as to what is right and what is wrong for the indus- try. , He is certain the industiy has , not begun to realize its limits and . that two or three times the quan- tity of cranberries now available can be grown and .successfully marketed — barring,, perhaps, an; inevitable "bad" rnarket year now and then. The hew phase of fruit shipment, that by air, inter- ests him in its possible adaptation to cranberries. He belie vej too much of the freshness of top qual- ity fruit is often lost to distant markets through slow shipments..' He would like to see this ne* mode! of produce transportation given; consideration when such transpor- tation— now being tried out on d few fruits and vegetables — is gen- erally available. He would like to see this gone into and figures pre- pared showing whether it would be practical or not from the cost standpoint, with tests whether such strictly fresh cranberries, maybe picked on the Cape one day and on the market in Caiifornia the next, would induce the consum- er to pay a premium price. Like almost every other grower, he is interested in the post-war pro- cessing of cranberries and . also deeply interested in what may de- velop for cranberries through quick freeze. From the cultural end of cran- berry growing, he is interested in the possibilities of sprinkler sys- tems for Massachusetts bogs. He expects he may give sprinklers a .trial himself on certain areas which he has already mentally . selected. He questions the value of .sprinklers indiscriminately used on whole big acreages, but be- . lieves they have major pjssibil- ities for the growers on certain bogs. Because of his experiences with varieties he would be definitely inclined to use Early B'aeks for resetting or building new bogs, at least "on the Cape", and by the Cape he would include the Ware- ham-Carver area. He is also in- terested in a patient way in a ber- ry which his father had developed, this being a Round Howe, which he believes has particular advant- ages over most "Round Howes", so called, which he has seen. li*eels Agronomist Urgent Need A positive convinction of his, as an operator of older bogs — and with many others also — is that more thought must be given to problems of bog soil and ferti'iz- ing. He has come to realize through experience that what is being taken out of the soil must be put back. He feels a next big need of the Massachusetts grow- ers is for a full-time agronomist, to be a member of Dr. Franklin's CRANBERRIES PHOTO SYLVIA HAMMOND wades in Norton reservoir staff at East Wareham. The whole field of cranberry agronomy must be given the thorough Con- sideration it deserves, with ' so many Massachusetts bogs "getting along in years." Carleton, ''Dellie" Hammond, and Smith- Hammond Company (Continued from last month) Wax Experiment Readers of January issue may remember it was told "Dellie" had experiinented with a wax covering (DuWax, Frost Insecticide Co.), sprayed on an acre piece he planned to leave unprotected by winter flood, to test if the wax would pro- tect the vines. This spray was ap- plied Dec. 14, 40 gallons to one- third of the acre, 20 gal'ons to another third, and the remaining section left without spray as a check plot. Unfortunately, the 1944-45 win- ter kill did not provide conditions for a fair test, as the vines were covered with snow mnach of the time. None of the three plots showed any signs of winterkill, even the one not waxed. It was distinctly noticeable, however, that the two pieces sprayed, by the end of March were much greener' than the unsprayed plot. It looked more alive than the usual brown- red of the unwaxed portion. While the main purpose of the experiment was knocked askew by uncontrollable weather conditions, the waxed sections, so much green- er than the unwaxed, will be close- ly observed "just in case", to see what develops as the season goes along — if anything. Production at Carver Bogs Top production record in recent years was in 1942 when 6000 bar- rels wei'e harvested from about 65 acres, 13 acres being out of bearing, due to extensive re- building program. In 1943 about 4,000 barrels were harvested from 70 acres,' the remainder still out because of renovation. Last year the crop was 1400 barre's from 50 acres, the rest still not bearing because of renovation or put out of production from terrific winter- kill in the '43-'44 winter. The bogs run about 25 per cent Blacks and 75 per cent Howes. " THE SANTUIT BOGS The Sa^tuit has a fine water supply, good in comparison with any bog, flowage again being en- tirely by gravity, coming out of Santuit Pond.' There is no need for re-use of water there, nor even too careful conservation. The bog is 55-60 per cent Howes- and 40-45 Santuit, like Carver, isTiiademp of a number of small units, set in little pockets, among little hills much more abrupt " than usually found around Massachusetts cran- berry bogs. There are nine pieces , in all, every one linked by a canal system, from which water is taken, off" as desired. Even frost flowage is no difficult job, as these bogs "almost flow theinselves." . Again as at Carver each piece has its sand pocket, opened in the sides of the hills. Production has averaged about 45 barrels to the acre, although it has gone as high as 100 barrels. One is ah old "Brackett" bog, one of the oldest on the upper Cape. It has been more than half rebuilt in the past fifteen years. There are now about three acres of new and rebuit coming into full production. As soon as conditions permit, the rebuilding of another section will be undertaken. THE ONSET BOG This property produces on the average of 45-50 barrels to the acre, slightly higher than the San- tuit. It is set to more than half Howes, otherwise Early Blacks and "Tom" or round Howes, named af- ter their developer, Thomas Howes of Dennis, a grower of the last century. It is the "Tom" Howes which brings up the production; as when the "Tom.s" throw a crop they are heavy-bearing vines. Water Pumped Underground The Onset bog takes its water from Dick's pond at East Ware- ham, this being pumped by a ten- inch centrifugal pump (gas-driven) Nine CRANBERRIES PHOTO Santuit bog, showing canals around different pieces. the line going for a distance of a quartrr of a mile underground, crossing beneath the main Cape highway (route 28). After use the water is released into Broad Cove. The Onset is a bog which has not had half a chance to pro- duce since 1938, when the first "New England Hurricane" flooded a large part of it and damage was extensive. Again ast September in the second New England hurri- cane the lower portion, or about eight acres, was swept by four to five feet of salt water driven before the howling winds. Part of the Onset had been picked (although some berries were lost, due to the flood), and these sections were in after-harvest flood. The lower dike which had been washed away was quickly thrown back and with- in 48 hours a flood of fresh water h?d been put on to wash away the salt. What eff'ect this second salt water flood has had has not yet been definitely determined. It is hoped injury was not too severe, as the vines were so quickly Ten washed. Damage, aside from pos- sible vine injury, was bad enough: broken dikes, salt-covered berries, sand carried over some of the vined areas, estimated in all at from six to seven thousand do lars. The lower portion of this bog was originally made from a diked and freshened salt marsh, as was the practice of some Cape growers in the past century. These make good bogs, but they are necessar- ily very low. The Onset bog at its lower end lies between two rather sharp rises of land and it would be possible to build a high dike across this from hill to hill. The Hammonds have under considera- tion a project to increase the height of the present dike by e'even feet or so, clear across this gap. If carried out this would be almost a "Little Grand Coulee Dam" project for cranberries in scope and cost. If such a dam is built the expense would have to be chalked up to "hurricane insurance' and would not be a part of the ordinary costs of bog building and operation — just one of the unfore- seen problems involving large costs which sometimes come upon a grower. Until February of this year Smith-Hammond owned a 16-acre dry bog at Yarmouth. Then this was sold in view of its distance from the other properties and be- cause of bad labor conditions on the Cape. It was a dry property. Screenhouses For preparing the crop for mar- ket Smith-Hammond operates two screenhouses, one at Carver and the other at Point Independence. There is a storage shed at the San- tuit. Berries from this bog are trucked to, screened and packed at the Point screenhouse, and natur- ally the Carver bog crop is screened and packed there at Carver. The Point packing house, while it can pack a car a day when the going is especially good, averages nearer one car in two days when in operation. There are four Bai- ley mills and a complete fall crew is 17 women sorters and four men. The Carver bog packing house is the more elaborate of the two and can consistently pack a car a day. There are four Bailey sep- arators and a crew of 16 women and 5 men employed during har- vest season. At the Carver bog there is a substantial bog home equipped with e ectricity and telephone, and both Carleton and Dellie, with their wives, have lived here at the busiest seasons. This bog is a second home to all the Hammonds. Tony Oliver, who has worked there for more than 30 years, has seen four generations of Hammonds there, from Irving to Dellie's small sons. Carleton, as before stated, has general supervision of all the Smith-Hammond bogs, with Delie as his assistant, but for the past two years active supervision of the Carver has been given over to Del- lie. Carleton takes direct charge of the Onset and Santuit, assisted at the latter by Earle Hammond, son of George Hammond, and no relation to Carelton and Dellie. Smith-Hammond Co. has labored under the universal wartime short- age of help, perhaps to a higher extent than some others. The com- pany honor roll contains the name of one key-man, Amando Grassi of Wareham, killed in action; another, Bradford Holmes of Onset, who was a prisoner in Germany, now returned to this country, and eight others in service, Donald and Ar- thur Reynolds, Donald Smith, Ken- neth Watts, George Rich and Bruce Bullard, Shirley Quintal and Lester Monan. "Dellie" and Foreman, Earle Hammond, talk something over at the Reservoir gate. CRANBERRIES PHOTO PAPER BY AGRONOMIST COLBY In the next, or a near issue, we are privileged to print a valuable article upon "The Use of Com- mercial Fertilizers on Cranber- ries", by William G. Colby, resi- dent agronomist of Massachusetts State College. Mass. Blueberry Growers Hold A Fine Field Meeting About 50 enjoyed a very pleas- ant and instructive meeting of the Southeastern Massachusetts Blue- berry Growers Association at the State Bog, East Wareham, the af- ternoon and evening of July 16th. An inspection of the blueberry plantation there was made — there was a basket supper and several instructive talks. These were by Prof. William Smith of University of New Hamp- shire, Durham, who showed slides of the b'ueberry industry in gen- eral; Prof. 0. C. Boyd of Mass. State College, who showed slides and explained blueberry stunt di- sease; and Prof. John S. Bailey, assistant research professor in pomology, also of Mass. State College. This association of blueberry growers, organized last year, is showing a very healthy growth in membership and is making fine progress in the purpose of its or- ganization, to promote blueberry culture in Massachusetts. Prospects for the cutivated blues in Massachusetts, with pick- ing getting underway the week of July 16th, were not more than half a normal crop. Frosts, the hurri- cane last fall and drought last summer, had taken their toll, as had been anticipated. Among those who will have good crops are the Mass. State bog which will have a better than usual produc- tion, and the Association presi- dent, J. Foxcroft Carleton of East Sandwich, who usua ly has success- ful cropping of his bushes. "Markets Are Purchasing Power" For forty years our management has sold cranberries to markets all over the country. We know the trade, they recognize our fortitude in packing and shipping superior quality cranberries. Increasing market demand for "SUITS-US BRAND" pack requires a greater volume of supply. We need more and more cranberries. ; COLLEY CRANBERRY COMPANY Plymouth, Mass. Office 17 Court Street Plymouth - 1622 Telephone Eleven Help Our Boys to get the Happy Smile of Complete Vietory The smile they will, have when peace is achieved and the fighting of this war is stopped all over the world. We can help to hasten that day in many ways. The nation's harvest season is just ahead. The cranberry harvest is a part of that harvest. We are doing our best to produce our share of a healthful food the war-torn world needs. We will keep on doing our best^and we'll also keep on buying bonds. We want that "complete victory smile" soon. This is the 38th of a series of war-time messages sponsored by the following public- spirited firms and individuals. Slocum-Cibbs Cranberry Co. RUEL S. GIBBS, Gen. Mgr. Decas Cranberry Company Growers and Shippers of CAPE COD CRANBERRIES Wareham, Mass. L. B. R. BARKER Buzzards Bay Mass. Jesse A. Holmes & Son Sawmills at Carver, Mass. Tel. Carver 10-3 Sniith-Hammond Co. Pt. Independence, Mass. I CARLETON D. HAMMOND ; General Manager CARLETON D. HAMMOND, JR. Ass't General Manager H. R. BAILEY CO. South Carver, Mass. Fuller-Hammond Co. Onset, Mass. ROBT. C. HAMMOND Acushnet ^avr Mills Co. New Bedford, Mass. GOOD WOOD BOXES Est. 1865 ELLIS D. ATWOOD South Carver, Mass. (^ditMals ISSUE OF AUGUST, 1945 Vol. 10 No. 4 CHANGES BEING MADE REGARDLESS of whether an "over-all" cooperative, handling both fresh and processed fruit — some unified set-up of a group of cooperatives — or no major change is made because of the Survey, the survey is having definite effects upon the cranberry industry. Changes are being made already, apparently along the lines of progress. The survey brought out into frank dis- cussion in" the industry phases which had not been so widely debated previously. This self-imposed outside analysis of the Cranberry Canners, the Exchange, and State Companies pointed out both the "strengths" and weaknesses" as found by Booz, Allen & Hamilton. It has ever been an accepted axiom that there is no standing still, there is either progress or decline. Out of the present "ferment" in the indus- try is coming some degree of change. The cooperatives in a way have been weak- ened by developments; in another sense they may have gained in solidity. The cooperatives may emerge more influential in the cranberry field, or "independents" make gains — how the industry reacts as a whole will determine. At any rate the cranberry industry is voluntarily "taking stock" at the moment the entire world is in process of a stock- taking to meet the conditions of the post- war era — whatever they may be. BIG QUESTION— SIZE OF CROP THIS is the "guessing" season for the size of the crop. This always popu- lar and often futile game is now in full swing. As early as this, "estimates" can be little more than guesses, growers chang- ing their estimates from morning to after- noon. On only one thing this year is there unity — that is, there will be a ready mar- CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS Subscription $2.50 per year Advertising rates upon application Editor and Publisher CLARENCE J. HALL LEMUEL C. HALL Associate Editor CORRESPONDENTS-ADVISORS Wisconsin VERNON GOLDSWORTHY Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin Washington-Oregon J. D. CROWLEY Cranberry Specialist Long: Beach, Wash. ETHEL M. KRANICK Bandon, Oregon Massachusetts DR. HENRY J. FRANKLIN Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. BERTRAM TOMLINSON Barnstable County Agricultural Agent Barnstable, Mass. New Jersey CHARLES A. DOEHLERT, Acting Chief, New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station, Pemberton, New Jersey ket for all that can be produced. The only flaw in the picture is the question of sugar supply and that does not seem to be causing too much worry. Growers can scarcely hope this "sellers' market" can continue indefinitely without interruption, but again this year, at least, they are in this fortunate position. Survey (Continued from Page 5) this members themselves have been urged to assist. Directors have authorized the investigation of the possibility for cranberries in the frozen food field, and it seems likely the company will do considerable experimental work along these lines this season. Well more than 100 copies of the over-all volume of the Survey Report have been distributed by CCI, and are being sent out as fast as requests from members come in. Current issue of CCI Cran- berry Cooperative News urges members who wish to read this volume of the survey for them- selves, and also the volume specif- icaly concerning CCI, to send in their requests. These latter vol- umes are expected to be printed and available not later than Aug- ust 10th. Because of cost of prep- aration of these survey copies, CCI is sending them only to such mem- bers as make request to the Com- pany at Hanson, while those on the West Coast are to request them from their local CCI offices. In a foreward of members' copies of the Survey report re- lating to Cranberry Canners, alone, CCI will say that all recommendations of the Survey are receiving consideration of the directors; that some of the recom- Thirteen mendations pertain to matters which the directors and manage- ment were already aware of and were giving attention, and that other steps will progressive'y be made. "Progress will be made by evolution and not by revolution", the notice stresses, as was recom- mended by the Survey, this fore- word says. Among the ^recommendations acted upon or under consideration have been the appointment of a full time executive accountant, Garland C. Boothe, and complying with recommendation of reorgan- ization of CCI's accounting struc- ture, the report says: "Mr. Boothe now has assumed full charge of the accounting department and its procedure, and will give special attention to those recommendations of the Survey pertaining to ac- counting control. Mr. Harold W. Ellis has been made Internal Auditor, and in addition to his con- tinuous internal audit, an annua! out side audit will also be made by auditors to be selected by the Stockholders." Personnel of Booz, Allen & Hami'ton is engaged in finding a man to recommend as assistant to Mr. Urann. Regarding recommendation that the item of "Good Will" should be written down more consistently, reported action is: "In the year ending May 31, 1941 the policy of reducing Good Will by at least 825,000 a year was adopted. The year ending 1943, it was necessary to interrupt that policy because of war-time handicaps, but in 1945 we returned to that policy, and the Good Will was marked down by $100,000 the year ending May 31, 1945, leaving a balance of S126,- 686.36." Criticisms that New Egypt and Plymouth pants are idle property, reported action is that New Egypt has been sold, and consideration is now being given to the wisdom of disposing of the Plymouth plant which was purchased at a time when critically needed for dehy- We Have Listing* of Cranberry Bogs. Large and Small FOR SALE Geo. A. Cole Agency WILDA HANEY Decas Block Wareham, Maisachuaetts dration to meet Government re- quirements, but the olant can be put to other uses and these are being weighed against advisability of disposal. Gurnee, Illinois plant, which was purchased for dehydra- tion and storage to meet war con- ditions, also has been sold. Concerning freezer requirements, as mentioned in Survey, the action has been that freezing plants are being erected at North Chicago, Marksham, Washington, and Han- son. CCI hopes some berries may be frozen from this fa'l's crop, as well as a new line of frozen orange-cranberry relish. Concerning better fire protection at plants, a fire wall has been erected at Hanson plant, and costs of sprinkler systems for all plants are being investigated, except for Bordentown, which has such a system. Features of loans from Spring- field Bank for Cooperatives ques- tioned, have been removed, and to the criticism that wider distribu- tion of stock among CCI grower members, action reported is, that stock membership has been stead- ily drawig closer to patronage basis. The recommendation for increas- ing equity capital by reducing presently too-high loan balance is reported as being taken up by pur- chase of the newly-authorized 4 per cent Pi-eferred Stock by mem- bers, which will increase equity capital. BUY U. S. War Bonds Ariens-7>7/ er THE MOST COMPLETE LINE OF TILLAGE EQUIPMENT IN THE WORLD CA PACITIES 14 IN TO 7 FT CUTTING WIDTHS ARIENS CO. BOX SOS BRILLION, WIS MATHEWS Portable Wheel Conveyers LIGHT • STRONG • ECONOMICAL These strong, moderately priced sections are available in 5' and 10' lengths, and with 8, 10, or 12 wheels per foot. 45° and 90° Curves and attractive Tripod Supports are standard accessories. The Type 115 Wheel is of the highest quality, the result of 40 years of Mathews experience in conveyer bearing and wheel manufacture. Universal Couplings make sec- tions easy to set up and take down. New bulletin and prices available immediately upon request. MATHEWS CONVEYER COMPANY TENTH STREET • ELLWOOD CITY, PENNA. In New England FROST INSECTICIDE COMPANY • ARLINGTON, MASS. Fourteen Call P 1 .M, eter J\. -L^e K^age Peter A. LeSage PLYMOUTH YARMOUTH Tel. 740 Distributor of Cape Cod Cranberries xei. Bamsubie i07 The packers of Dromedary Cranberry Sauce pledge their complete resources and unstinting effort for the produc- tion of food in the most difficult food year since the war began — 1945. The Hills Brothers Company PETER A. LeSACE, Agent Plymouth, Mass. Tel. Plymouth 740 Yarmouth, Mass. Tel. Barnstable 107 jKm Fifteen STIMTOX"A" The pyrethrins found in pyrethrum flowers are still the safest, yet at the same time, the most deadly insect killing compound known to science. In Stimtox A you get the effect of py- rethrum in its most effective and eco- nomical form. John Powell & Company Inc. One Park Avenue, New York 16, N. Y. Orders Should Be Placed NOW for Fall Needs Pumps, screenhouse equipment, separators, etc. Growers who are considering installation of sprinkler systems for next spring should get in touch with us as soon as possible. WE REPEAT: 1945 is still a difficult year, although we are doing our best to give you the service and equipment wanted. Please don't delay in letting us know your requirements as far ahead as you can anticipate them. HAYDEN SEPARATOR MANUFACTURING CO. E. C. St. Jacques WAREHAM, MASS. Fresh from the Fields (Continued from Page 5) stances here and there have heavy doses, but these are definitely the exception. State Bog, for in- stance, which was treated twice last year, was not treated at all this season. Scarcity of fruitworm this year is a positive factor in favor of Massachusetts crop pros- pects. It has been a light insect season a'l around for Massachu- setts. UCape Outlook Down — Crop prospects are much stronger in Plymouth County than in Barn- stable, where many, many grow- ers are due for another bad year. This failure of the crop to come through with good prospects is a main reason why Massachusetts will not have a "big" crop — it is when the dry bogs of the Cape and in fact all Cape bogs come through with heavy production — as in 1937 — that Massachusetts has its ex- ceptionally big years. UMarch Temperatures — Regard- ing mean temperature and size Dr. Franklin wrote in the weather bulletin, p. 88: "There was a high correlation between the temper- atures of March and cranberry size, the apparent chances being 7 to 1 that cranberries will be large after a March mean temper- ature above 38 at Middleboro and 8 to 1 they will be small after this temperature has been below 34." (April issue of CRANBERRIES conjectured upon this possibly, re- porting that the mean for March at Middleboro town pumping sta- tion was 44.26.) ouset last year's scanty produc- tion, in spite of much recovery from last summer's drought and the winterki'l of '43-44 is also laid to frost losses of more than five per cent and to possible injury by repeated flowing for the large number of frosts and prospective frosts all through April and May and into the first days of June. NEW JERSEY TlNo Big Crop — Early prospects which had been fairly cheerful, as in Massachusetts, have been dimmed, and while Jersey may have a bigger crop than last year (some guess around 65,000 bbls.) it will not be a heavy production. During early July growers were widely divergent in their opinion of what the prospects were. It appeared certain that prospects were off in Ocean county, where there had been three bad spring frosts, as this damage definitely showed up. UJuly Bad — There was practi- cally no sun from early July on, and heavy rains, a storm of Sun- day, the 22nd, being accompanied by a terrific thunderstorm and hail. Some bogs were bad'y flood- ed for from 12 to 15 hours. The damage is bound to be heavy and to effect most bogs in the state. A number did look very good, had set well and were growing well. But with the lack of sun and the rains, fungi in Jersey becomes ad- ditionally serious. JULY NOTES UFrosts Cut Somewhat — Failure of prospects for a big crop to C. A. Doehlert Isaiah Haines, superintendent of Whitesbog, is dusting 106 acres of bog by airplane, with a 50-50 Fer- mate dust, using 20 lbs. of the mixture per acre. The dilutnt being used is talc. He is also dusting considerable acreage with the ground duster. Theodore Budd is dusting 58 acres of bog by airp'ane with straight Fermate dust, 8 lbs. per acre. His schedule is to put this on three times, three weeks apart, beginning July 12. In each case, these dusting oper- ations are of an experimental na- ture under the auspices of the bog owner. Up to July 24 Rain during riine days (8% inches) has spoiled much blueberry fruit through splitting, knocking o.!", and overripeness due to impos- sibility of harvesting. There is a possibility that 20 to 25% of the already small crop has been lost in this way. Heavy rain Sunday, July 22, around Pemberton (5.10 inches in about 2 hours) caused flooded cranberry bogs. Where drainage is good this flood was removed in 24 hours, probab'y without dam- age to the young berries. WISCONSIN IJSeason Late — The season was very late and most of the marshes were not in full bloom in July, while those in the northern part are not likely to make it by the end of the month. This would mean smaller berries and berries of poorer color — unless there is very, very favorable weather dur- ing August and until mid-Septem- ber. TTJu'y Cold — Bloom was a little better than expected on some bogs, but with weather unfavorable (nights cold, 34°, July 16), July did little to improve crop pros- Seventeen pects. With no definite report available, prospects remain very much under the crop of last year. HSummary — With no direct re- ports from the West Coast, where conditions were good, the outlook for the total cranberry crop is not high — something over 600,- 000, but perhaps not more than 625,000 may be in prospect, but end of July is too early for accur- ate prediction. Experiment With Sprinklers At Stillman Bog An experimental sprinkler sys- tem has been installed on a sec- tion 90 by 110 feet on the bog operated by Miss Ellen Stillman and father at Hanson, Mass., this piece being between two other sections of approximately the same size and exposure. With the latter two unsprinkled on either side and sprinklers used on the middle strip, it is expected a good demonstration of what sprinklers can do may be obtained. So far this summer Nature has provided the optimum of rain nec- essary and the system has not been used by Miss Stillman, but if August now coming in is as dry as it has been the past few years there should be opportunity to test the system for irrigation. One of the primary purposes of the ex- periment is to determine what ef- fect this sprinkler irrigation will have on the size and the quantity of berries. Sprinkler heads are simply small, revolving sprinklers. A 2 inch Deming centrifugal pump and a 22 horse power International JARI POWER SCYTHE Cuts weeds, grass, brush Write for details THE CLAPPER CO. FORMERLY NEW ENGLAND TORO CO. 1121 WASHINGTON ST. WEST NEWTON 65, MASS. PHONE BIGELOW 7900 Eishteen engine are being used to give all the pressure and horsepo'Wer that could possibly be needed for this initial experiment. For this rea- son, large pipe sizes were used throughout to eliminate friction losses and to concentrate attention on the performance of different nozzles. The main is 4 inch pipe with 2 ¥2 inch headers. This set- up will give rain drops when oper- ating at low pressure, and mist when operating at high pressure, so that experiments can be made with mist vs. drops for irrigatior^, frost protection, quantity of water used and results achieved. The installation was by A. S. Conant of the Acme Engineering Co. who is working along on the experiment with the Stillmans. Mass. Twilight Insect Meetings Prove Popular That informal tv/ilight meetings for Massachusetts cranberry grow- ers, arranged by the Extension Services of Plymouth and Barn- stable counties, continue to meet with full approval of the growers, especially in the former area, is proven by large attendances at "fruitworm meetings" ear y in July. These meetings provided opportunity for growers to keep up to date on the cranbarry Iruit- worm and its control msasurcs. Either Dr. Franklin or his as- sistant, Joe Kelley, or both, were present at all six meetings held, showing growers how t ■ make accurate egg counts, explaining how to obtain best control and to answer individual questions which were in the minds of growers. Caico Rainmaker Portable Steel Pipe Buckner Sprinklers Overhead Irrigation Jari Power Scythe 36" Sickle Mower Milorganite Organic 6% Nitrogen Fertilizer THE CLAPPER CO. FORMERLY NEW ENGLAND TORO CO. 1121 WASHINGTON ST. WEST NEWTON 65, MASS. PHONE BIGELOW 7900 These meetings were at the Hit- ler Bros, bog at Rochester, At- wood Cranberry Company bog at Carver, the Beaton Wine Brook bog at Monponsett, and the Loring bog at Duxbury in Plymouth coun- ty and at the J. B. Atkins bog. Pleasant Lake and the John Simp- kins bog, Yarmouth, on the Cape. Attendances in Plymouth county ranged from 40 to about 80 at the Atwood bog. Notices of the meet- ings were sent out in advance by the Extension offices and carried a note of warning from Dr. Franklin regarding the precautions to be taken in the use of rotenone ma- terials. Heavy Loss In Screenhouse Fire At Wareham A big screenhouse owned by E. L. Bartholomew at Pierceville section, Wareham, was completely destroyed in a spectacular fire about 8 o'clock the evening of July 23 with heavy loss. Mr. Bar- tholomew has estimated the build- ing alone, which was 70x50 feet, could not be replaced for |10,000. Besides the loss of the vvell-built building, its contents, consisting of 5,000 picking boxes, 1,000 or more shipping boxes in shook form, two separators, conveyors, and other screening equipment, were totally destroyed. Also there were scoops, wheelbarrows, and various other pieces of bog equipment, a ton and a half truck, and considerable va'uable furniture which was tem- porarily in storage. %fmR IRRIGATIOU With LESS muR A Model Fo> Every Prenu"- For Farm, Ok and quickly HMvy duly for long <«rvi l«r lubricated) quirod. No woar out. Mj bution. THE or Truck Gordon. Eailly intod on any irrigation pip*. Ill and brenxo centtruction Sand and dirt proof. Wa- aringt— no oil or groat* r»- moving ports to rapidly num covonig*— *v*n dlMri> rtvr* and prfc*:. LAPPER CO. FORMERLY NEW ENGLAND TORO CO. 1121 WASHINGTON ST. WEST NEWTON 65. MASS. PHONE BIGELOW 7900 j\ BUCKNER MANUFACTURING C0.(. 1615 Blackstonc Av*., Frxn*, C«ll(oml« BUCKNER SPRINKLERS Insurance covered only part of the loss. The fire occurring not far before harvest time was an additional bad fact. Mr. Barthol- omew believes the fire may have been caused by boys playing in the building. Makepeace Co. Is Given 'W Award A. D. Makepeace Company has just received the Achievement "A" award of the U. S. Depart- ment of Agriculture for outstand- ing accomplishment in food pro- cessing, Clyde N. Smith, District Representative of the office of supply, U. S. D. A., announces. Standai'ds for the "A" award in the food field are comparable to those of the Army-Navy "E" in other war-time production. The firm will receive an "A" flag as a symbol of its production record. (This production achievement of the Makepeace Company in its de- hydrated pack of "Crannies", was featured in March, 1944 issue of CRANBERRIES). Plans for a ceremony in which the "A" flag will be officially pre- sented to the company by Army officers, and pins to the employees by representatives of War Food Administration on August 13th are being made by Russell Make- peace of the Company and the U. S. D. A. representative. This will be at the plant at Wareham. Crayland Growers Using Electrical Equipment More Washington Bogs In Some Instances Will Have Com- pletely Automatic Sprink- ler Systems. E. C. Johnson, H. J. Bailey and H. T. Davidson will eventually have comp'etely automatic sprink- ler controls (although at present having difficulty in getting the thermostatic controls), so at the moment their systems are not automatic. When these controls are installed, the sprinklers will start at a certain minimum tem- perature for frost control, and stop again when the temperature rises above the danger minimum; the sprinklers will also start at a certain minimum temperature for heat damage control, and stop again when the temperature low- ers to the safe one again. The equipment covers about 1% to 2 acres of bog. Installations are Bucknej Hammerhead" sprink- lers with the main line Transite pipe. The pumping unit is mounted on a steel base and in- cludes an American Marsh centrif- ugal pump and a 10 HP, three phase 220/400 motor with a flex- ible coupling. These electric sprink'ing systems seem to be very efficient. James O'Brien has a 3 HP three phase motor operating his station- ary sprayer instead of the old gas engine, and is finding it very ef- ficient. Mr. and Mrs. O'Brien are also building an electric vacuum picker, larger than the little "fur- nace cleaner" they had the last two seasons, and will use a three phase motor on the new picker. The O'Briens like the electric pickers because they are lighter than the large gas engine pickers most of the growers have. Last year they harvested their crop with the aid of one, and part time, two, of the little electric cleaners. Their little picker has a two inch suction hose, and the new one will have one 3 inch suction hose and a larger fan and motor. Most of the Crayland growers prefer the gas engine-driven suc- tion pickers and there are many new ones being made for the com- ing harvest. There will be about 30 of the very large-size pickers, powered by a 20 HP gas engine, similar to that of A. V. Anderson's last year. Previously, growers have used a 9 HP engine and one or two three inch suction hoses, but with the 20 horse engines they will use one or two 4-inch suction hoses, which is expected to ad- vance the rate of picking very ma- terially. SYMPATHY TO MR. AND MRS. H. F. BAIN Sympathy of the industry is ex- tended to Mr. and Mrs. Henry P. Bain of Wisconsin Rapids in the death of their eldest son, Henry F. Bain, Jr. He was a tail gunner in a bomber on duty in the Philip- pines. FLEX-O-SEAL PORTABLE PRESSURE-TIGHT IRRIGATION PIPE For Overhead Sprinkler Systems Showing Flexibility of Pipe Joint Male End Female End Write Distributors below for full details: Miller Irrigation Co., Inc., Williamstown, N. Y. Lewis W. Barton, Haddonfield, New Jersey Farm Bureau Ass'n, 155 Lexington St., Waltham 54, Mass. Wm. Richards, Veg-Acre Farm, Forest- dale, Mass. Frank E. Shepard, Shepard Farms, Wood- bury, Conn. Ideal Equipment Co., 540 Grand Ave., Port Washington,. Wis. Manufactured by Chicago Metal Mfg. Co., Chicago 32, 111. THOMAS BROTHERS General Contractors MIDDLEBORO, MASS. Tel. Middleboro 772 Concrete Flumes and Punip\\rells Transit Mix Concrete Complete Line of Construction Equipment Excavating - Grading - Hauling Leave the Tough Jobs for Us Our Experience is Your Guarantee Nineteen NEW USE FOR SPRAYER New use for a cranberry spray- er was achieved at a dwelling fire in Wareham, Mass., last month, when Jeremiah Murphy, cranberry grower, and member of the vol- unteer fire department, filled the tank on his truck sprayer and hitched it up to a department pumper. The blaze was out of the fire district and water was badly needed. Murphy was at his bog, saw the smoke billowng up, reialized there were no hydrants in the location of the blaze, filled his 100-gallon tank at the last town hydrant and proceeded on to the fire. INSECTICIDE CONTROL BEGINNING TO EASE Government controls are begin- ning to lift over insecticides and fungacide materials, current issue of AIF News (bulletin of Agricul- tural and Fungicide Associations, says. WPB is easing up as fast as conditions justify, on many raw materials and some finished prod- ucts in the agricultural and fungi- cide field. WFA's industry av- visory committee has held probab- ly its last meeting, adjourning sine die and subject only to emergency call. ELECTRICITY Has played its part in bringing the crops of the nation to the harvest that lies ahead. Efficiency is necessary in producing the food this hungry world needs, and electricity can make for greater efficiency. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM Tel. 200 - PLYMOUTH Tel. 1300 BUY WAR BONDS AND STAMPS We Handle Cape Cod Cranberries Exclusively Growers using our service are assured of an outlet for their ENTIRE CROP AT TOP PRICES AND PROMPT RETURNS. Our connections supply both the ARMED FORCES and CIVILIAN TRADE with FRESH CRANBERRIES, CANNED SAUCE, and DE- HYDRATED CRANBERRIES. Serving the Cranberry Industry For Over 25 Years BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY Wareham, Massachusetts Tel. Wareham 130 Twenty LET'S LOOK AT THE RECORD . We feel it our duty to keep the growers informed as to Canned Cranberry Sauce. You receive data aS' to the "fresh berry market" and it is imperative that you receive authentic information regarding the berries you deliver to canning factories. Below are the figures showing the "actual cases of Cranberry Sauce packed" during the past ten years. Year Actual Cases Packed 1935 917,771 1936 ' ' . 1,108,670 1937 I 1,689,586 1938 , I ■ , 1,302,264 1939 ' ' , 1,927,901 1940 ' 1,993,062 1941 ; ; 2,592,751 1942 ' 2,533,988 1943 ' 1,672,156 1944 1,545,681 The above figures represent the "TOTAL PACK OF AT LEAST SEVEN CANNERS OF CRANBERRY SAUCE and the THREE CANNERS packing the greater part of the TOTAL PACK" are included in the SEVEN. MIN-OT FOOD PACKERS, Inc. Represented by BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY Eatmor Cranberries Since 1907 NEW ENGLAND CRANBERRY SALES COMPANY — . As the unit of American Cranberry Exchange, with the largest annual production, has been of great value in bring- ing about and maintaining the orderly marketing of the cranberry crop. This stabilizing influence of a strong New England Cran- berry Sales Company will be needed more than ever in the postwar era — whatever the conditions of this period may be. NEW ENGLAND CRANBERRY SALES COMPANY rec- ognized this obligation on its part, and is taking positive steps to be in position as this stabilizing asset to the industry — and in greater measure than in the past, if possible. NEW ENGLAND CRANBERRY SALES CO. 9 Station Street MIDDLEBORO, MASSACHUSETTS "The Fresh Cranberry Cooperative" KKCOCIN I IINVj AMN ^0,\J\J\J,\J\f\J r^ i u/-vix n-.i^w^i-x. CAPE COD NEW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON CRANBERRIES PHOTO CEORCE E. SHORT September, 1945 25 cents A Record to be proud of Organized in 1895, this Company has become one of the most efficient of its kind in any state. It also has the distinction of being the oldest Cooperative in the cranberry industry, and the oldest agricultural Co- operative in the state of New Jersey. Growers Cranberry Company, Inc. PEMBERTON, NEW JERSEY WISCONSIN MOVES FORWARD COOPERATION PAYS Ninety-Five Per cent of the Wisconsin Cranberry Growers Belong to the Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Co. Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin HOW TO BECOME A MEMBER OF CCI HOW TO SHARE ITS BENEFITS 1. Any cranberry grower may become a member of CCI by buying one share of stock at $25 a share, and by signing a contract to market all his crop (or such part as he may designate) through this cooperative. 2. Having become a member, he delivers his berries to the nearest CCI plant or warehouse. Berries are delivered screened if the member has his own screening facilities. If not, they may be delivered in chaff. CCI will do your screening at a charge of 35c per 100 pounds. 3. Immediately upon delivery, you will receive a check for a substantial ad- vance. (Last year, this advance was for $10 per 100 pounds.) The ad- vance covers your harvesting and other immediate expenses. As fast as berries are canned and sold, other advances will follow until you receive the full earnings on the year's sales. CCI is a cooperative and makes no profit. Its entire earnings, after paying for cans, labor, materials, depreci- ation, and other expenses, are returned to members. Last year's returns were $22.38* net per 100 pounds of cranberries, plus $1.00 in 4% Preferred Stock representing earnings on Orange Marmalade packed for the Govern- ment. *In comparing canning and fresh berry returns, remember there is no addition- al cost for boxes, packing, selling expense, etc. to deduct from your CCI return. It represents a net return on your bare berries. 4. As a member in CCI, these added benefits are offered you: .... you may save on pool purchases of insecticides. .... you may save on insurance placed under CCI'S blanket policy. .... you may borrow money through CCI's Cranberry Cretit Corporation to improve your property or make extensions. .... you may screen your berries at CCI plants. ...you are welcome to assistance or advice from any of CCI's departments to help you become a better and more successful cranberry grower. You own CCI. Its purpose is to serve you. 783 cranberry growers of Massachusetts, New Jersey, Wisconsin, Washington, and Oregon will market their cranberries through CCI in 1945. Countless other growers who are members of State Sales Companies also will market a part of their crops through CCI. If such a vast majority of the nation's cranberry growers find a safe, secure, and profitable outlet for their cranberries through this cooperative, isn't it reasonable to suppose that you will too? If you are not already a member of CCI, call any one of the following individ- uals who will be glad to answer any further questions or enroll you as a member: Massachusetts Telephone Washington Telephone Marcus L. Urann, Hanson Bryantville 28 William S. Jacobson, Grayland Ferris C. Waite, Plymouth Plymouth 1579 „ „ t, • , t t, u Grayland 2F13 ■.r 1 11 n- i_ XT TLT -1 Rolla Parish, Long Beach Marshall Siebenmann, No. Harwich ' ^ Long Beach 2R626 Harwich 158 ^ New Jersey Oregon Enoch F. Bills, Bordentown Georffe Lillegaard, Coquille Coquille 89 ^ „ . „ . Bordentown 467 j^ Gertrude Dellinger, Warrenton Isaac C. Harrison, Crosswicks Bordentown 523J CRANBERRY CANNERS, Inc. The Growers' Cooperative Canning Company SERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTR\ ADAMS & BEAN CO. Lumber Dealers "Everything Under Cover" East Wareham, Mass. Tel. Wareham 648 Cape & Vineyard Electric Company Offices: Chatham Falmouth Hyannis Vineyard Haven E. T. Cault Transportation Co. Wareham, Mass. Tel. 227 We are ready to give you any kind of cranberry bog construction service. Shovel — bulldozer — trucking — stump pulling — excavating — draghauling — canal and ditch digging. We have Sand, Loam and Gravel We Transport Cranberries Building Material for Bog, Screenhouse and Home Uses Paints - Hardware Marinette & Menominee Box Co. Marinette, Wisconsin BOXES, BOX SHOOKS, CRATING WIREBOUND BOXES AND CRATES M & M's 64th Year Established 1848 Hall & Cole Incorporated Commission Merchants and Jobbers 94 Faneuil Hall Market 102 BOSTON, MASS. Wood County Nationa Bank Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin MEMBER FEDERAL DEPOSrT INSURANCE CORPORATION APPLES AND CRANBERRIES SPECIALTIES Car Lot Receivers Serving the Wisconsin Cranberry Growers CROP-SAVER brand INSECTICIDES FUNGICIDES For the Cranberry Grower CROP-SAVER CHEMICAL COMPANY, Inc. 2630 West Arthington St. Chicago 12, Illinois The Nationa Bank of Wareham Wareham, Mass. MEMBER FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION The PLYMOUTH NATIONAL BANK Plymouth Massachusetts Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS MASSACHUSETTS Call WAREHAM 162 S. G. M. Packard & Go. Hardware — Locksmiths For Maintenance Supplies Diesel Bulldozer E. C. HOWES WEST WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. Wareham 405-W-2 Experienced in Bog Work Contact Us Massachusetts Native White Pine Used for Cranberry Boxes F. H. COLE Established 1707 Manufacturer of Wooden Boxes and Shooks North Carver, Mass. Tel. 46-5 Serving Western Cranberry Growers with High Quality Products Rotenone Pyrethrum Sabadilla Nicotine Copper Sprays Oil Sprays Lime Sulphur Solution Miller Products Company Porlland 1, Oregon RAIN BIRD SPRINKLERS Pioneers in Cranberry Frost Protection and Irrigation Data from Rain Bird Sprinkler Mfg. Co. Glendora, Calif. L R. Nelson Mfg. Go. Peoria, 111. Oregon — Washington R. M. WADE OREGON CULVERT 4 PIPE Portland, Oregon Jersey the last week in August, attending the annual meeting of American Cranberry Growers' As- sociation and being engaged on other official business. * » * * » CRANBERRY SCOOPS and SCREENINGS Attending the annual meeting of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers As- sociation, August 21, were Joseph Palmer, president American Cran- berry Growers Association, and Mrs. Palmer, Joseph White Dar- lington, past president, and Mrs. White. They were up from New Jersey on a trip of several days through the Massachusetts cran- berry area, the first visit of Mr. Palmer to Cape bogs. Also attending this meeting were "Dan" Conway, Minot Food Packers, Inc., a member of the association, and Sales Manager "Bill" Lyke. "Joe" Kelley, technical assistant to Dr. Franklin at Mass. State Bog, says he has put in about the busiest season he ever experienced, chiefly because Massachusetts growers this summer just couldnt' believe their own senses, and he "didn't blame them a bit, either." This was in regard to fruitworm, or accurately speaking, the rare lack of this pest. Even the most experienced of growers could not be'ieve their own egg counts and other observations and called him to come and verify for them that there was no fruitworm or prac- tically none. It was en extremely light insect year in Massachusetts in general. Dr. Bergmann, who has been in Massachusetts at the State Bog all summer, was a visitor in New Here's a story that comes out of New Jersey, as told by a visitor: Near Pemberton, Theodore Budd, former president of the Blueberry Co-operative Association, grows "Tru-Blu" berries as big as your thumb and twice as delicious. Somehow, last July, as we stood talking among the loaded bushes on his blueberry plantation, I swung around to the question of what salvage there might be in the cull berries not suitable for pack- ing. Would they make good al- cohol? I learned in a minute that the way they grow them there aren't many culls to speak of, and, secondly, that the growers would want no truck with any such idea. However, he said, smilingly, there were reports that back in "The Pines" section some folks had con- cocted a "blue brew." A government agent, out sniffing for illicit stills, found only a bare- foot boy on the poi'ch of the wea- therbeaten house among the pines. "Where's your father, boy?" the agent asked. "Back at the still", the boy an- swered. "Show me the way, and I'll give you a dollar," the agent tried to strike a bargain. "Nope, Pop would lick me." "Then just tell me how to get there, and I'll give you a dollar when I get back." "Give me the dollar now, and I'll tell you." "When I get back, you'll get the dollar." "Nope!" "Why?" "You ain't coming back!' It is the "little fel'ow" who is getting the breaks in Massachu- setts production this year, appar- ently. Most (naturally not all) small bogs have good or exception- ally good crops. It appears to be some of the "big fellows" with the large acreages who have fa'len off mostly. This year it will be the small grower who will contribute greatly to the upping of the Mass. crop from last year's low — to his own increased financial benefit, al- though with probably some loss to Unc"e Sam, as it is the "big fel- low" with the big income who pays the most — and highest taxes. Three ■■-.-- ,m-Sf«t^?; ^ 4V ■',■■- : * M ^ \^ ^ ^^ss^^^?im fmlM ^H^9P^^^<^ ^JgjoCTf Bflf^KP^H^S^^^^^^^ PJ'-fl i^^Miiti ?IrH 1 T'MBk^ ar^ ■ iiit*^^ j.^ -a F^^ '^"jip^'j iHlill 1 ildLi s ^ 10 THE MEN AND WOMEN OF A. D. MAKEPEACE COMPANY are honored to announce that the Achievement ''A" Award for a high record of production, and co:operation in supplying Dehydrated Cranberries to the Armed Forces, was presented to their company by the United States Department of Agriculture August 13, 1945 Four Issue of Sept. 1945 — Vol. 10, No. 5 Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop, Main St., Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscription $2.50 per year. Entered as second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post office at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3, 1879- FRESH FROM THE FIELDS By C J. H. MASSACHUSETTS ^Picking Early — With an early- ripening crop, picking was general- ly scheduled to get started direct- ly after Labor Day, Sept. 3, al- though some began scooping the preceding week of August 27 and a few had begun hand picking and snapping on thin vines before that. Peter A. LeSage had a few snap- pers at work August 20 and a lit- tle hand picking in Carver had be- gun by that time. Normal Crop? — Expectation of the Government estimate by many growers was strong at the start of the season; in fact, some felt the figure of 470,000 might be exceed- ed. One large grower had esti- mated from 550 to 600 thousand barre's from start of growing sea- son and was still sticking to the 550,000 figure as he started pick- ing. Dr. Franklin all along has expected a "normal" crop," which is just about what the estimate is. lIFavorable Factors — Three fac- tors were present to give cause for hopes of the estimate being reached or exceeded. These are: (1) larger size of the berries; (2) fruitworm will not take a large toll; (3) a great many smal'er growers are goig to harvest good crops, particularly on bogs which are run down and only picked on years when they produce. Some of these include bogs from which none or very few berries have been picked for the past two or three years. Should a large number of these bogs which have not pro- duced much in recent years come in heavily, the total could swell the volume of Massachusetts berries somewhat. A steady rain August 23 (1.33 inches in 24 hours) and on the fo'lowing day, was probably also helpful. Ofl'setting these fac- tors is the fact that there i.s heavy vine growth this year, which will make for harder scooping, with the consequence a larger percent- age of berries may be dropped than usual, although these could (Continued on Page 23) ^UIvVtY — N. E. Sales Considers "Association" Plan New England Cranberry Sales Company, at a special meeting the evening of August 17th at Carver Town hall, voiced "approval" of a plan for "Association of Co-oper- atives," first brought forward by A. D. Benson, general manager, and further developed by a special committee of whicli Rue! S. Gibbs is chairman, other members being L. B. R. Barker, E. L. Bartholomew and Mr. Benson. This action, in the sense of the meeting, was not a definite acceptance of the plan as a starting point for action, but was taken to get the plan before the other State Committees for their judgment, prior to any final steps which might be taken by NECSCO. The original motion was made by Russell Trufant and the vote passed was: That the plan as submitted be sent to the Industry Committee, the Growers Cranberry Company and the Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company for consideration and suggestions and that these parties be informed that vote reg'arding the plan was not taken at the mem- bers' meeting due to the small number in attendance. There was a small attendance at the meeting, this attendance being hesitant to put the entire membership definitely on record, although all listened intently to the explanation of the plan by Mr. Benson. Following his explana- tion there deve'oped a lively and rather informal discussion of vari- ous phases of the plan, the whole idea of a combination of fresh and canning cooperatives as recom- mended by the Booz, Allen & Ham- ilton Survey, with considerable sentiment being shown that best interests might be that no change be made from the present status of the co-ops. There was discus- sion of canning in general, new quick freeze developments, rela- tions of NECSCO and the Ex- change and Cranberry Canners, Inc. and of "independent" cannevs, Mr. Benson really submitted two plans, "Plan A", which was pro- posed as a suggestion for prompt acceptance and adoption at the Sale Co. meeting on June 22, in order to faci'itate the allotment of the cranberry crop for 1945. As this allocation is already in pro- gress, alternate "Plan B" was ex- plained in detail. Mr. Benson out- lined his plan as an improvement over the "single national cooper- ative" as suggested by the Survey and recommended by the Joint Committee of 8, as it would pro- vide a membership and not a stock set-up, this being, in his opinion, "more democratic," and it would also keep controls and functions more in the 'ocal state companies, as at present, than centred in an "over-all" operation and control from a main office, presumably in New York. His thoughts as expressed in- chided these: "The vote taken at the New Eng- land Cranberry Sales Company meeting was not in favor of form- ing a stock organization, but the members expressed themselves as being interested in considering a plan for membership organization or reorganization. "Information which has come to us since the meeting leads us to believe that the other State Com- panies would also favor a member- ship organization rather than a stock organization. "In the 10-point plan of action as recommended by the Sui-vey, the tenth item was 'Organize by Evolution from the Present Coop- erative Structure'. "Thinking a'ong the lines of this recommendation we believe that it is possible to evolve a Natioal membership organization by tak- ing advantage of the dual mem- bership plan in effect with the American Cranberry Exchange and the three State Companies, and cordinating with these organiza- (Continued on Page 17) Five Cape Cod Growers Association Holds Its 58th Annual Meeting Crop Report, Assurance of an Agronomist, Highlights — George E. Short, New President Massachusetts growers, as the high spot of the 58th annual meeting of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association, Experiment Station, East Wareham, August 21st, heard C. D. Stevens, N. E. Crop Reporting Ser- vice statistician, give the first official forecast of the 1945 crop as: Total for country, 644,100 barrels, with estimate for Massachusetts, 470,000; Wisconsin, 80,000; New Jersey, 45,000; Oregon, 12,700; Wash- ington, 36,400. The figure for Massachusetts represents about a present normal crop. This forecast, compared with revised "historical" record for 1944, as revealed by Mr. Stevens as now to have been a total production of 369,700, with production by states as: Massachusetts, 153,000; New Jer- sey, 59,000; Wisconsin, 115,000; Washington, 30,000; Oregon, 12,700. It is thus, Mr. Stevens said, 74 per cent above what was actually pro- duced last year, as these corrected USDA figures show. Berries in Massachusetts will be large in size, Mr. Stevens said, probably among the largest ber- ries since size records have been kept, with about a normal division between Early Blacks of 56 per cent, Howes, 39 per cent, and the remaining five percent, other va- rieties. The cay for the meeting was pleasant, as it almost always is for this annual gathering of the Massachusetts cranberry clan, but it was one of the hottest days of the summer. Attendance gathered, slowly, and by afternoon was large, but as always at most times of the meeting, nearly as many growers were gathered outside in groups or looking over the state bog as were inside, listening to the official program. Unquestionably, one of the "pulling" powers of this summer meeting at East Ware- ham is the opportunity it gives growers to "visit" with their neighbors. At noon a chicken pie buffet lunch was served by a cat- erer. It was a very full program which had bsen arranged by the retiring president. Homer L. Gibbs, and an instructive one. Nominating Com- mittee, C. A. Driscoll, chairman, presented George E. Short, Island, Creek, Duxbury, first vice presi- dent, as the next president and he and the following were elected: first vice president, Elnathan E. Eldredge, South Orleans; secono vice president, Russell Makepeace, Wareham; secretary, Lemuel C. Hall, Wareham; treasurer, Carleton D. Hammond, Jr.; and directors: Marcus L. Urann, Henry J. Frank- lin, Franklin E. Smith, Paul Thompson, Chester Vose, Harrison F. Goddard, I. Grafton Howes, Melville C. Beaton, Homer L. Gibbs. Six A talk by the Honorable Joseph L. Martin, Jr., minority leader of the House of Congress, introduced by Congressman Charles L. Gif- ford, at the conclusion of his usual interesting talk on Government affairs, was the chief guest speak- er. Retiring President Gibbs, in his brief address of welcome, set a keynote in stressing that, the war over, the successful turning to a peacetime economy is the im- mediate problem of everyone. Agronomist to be Named Of great interest to the Massa- chusetts growers was an announce- ment in the talk by Fred J. Sie- vers, director Massachusetts Ex- periment Station at Amherst, giv- ing assurance that as soon as pos- sible there would be an agronomist rd ed to the staff of Dr. Franklin at the East Wareham station. The need of the addition of an agron- omist to the staff has been for many months past an aim of grow- ers, headed up by the association. Dr. Sievers said, that while pro- vision had been made in the state appropriation budget asked by the State College, the entire amount requested had not been granted, but money was available to pro- vide for the agronomist (although not enough for a laboratory for him) and an agronomist would be appointed,. With trained agron- omists few in number and most of those having been called for war service, the question had become, he said, was it better to select a man from the very limited number available who might not prove to be the man c'esired, or to wait a little longer and be able to select a man with exactly the desired qualifications ? The latter course was the one determined, upon, and that was why no agronomist had yet been appointed. He requested patience of the growers "just a little longer now." "Dellie ' Hammond, Jr., report- ing as treasurer and also as chair- man of the frost warning? commit- tee, after reporting goo; financial position of the association, said there were 51 frost warnings last spring for 27 possible frosts. He told members that applications must be in by April first for this service next year when a new sys- tem in regard to individ.uals re- ceiving warnings would be in ef- fect. This would be that instead of warnings being given in the alphabetical order of the growers' names, the growers would be noti- fied in accorcance with the extent of their acreage, as large growers had a great deal more to d.o in flowing than the grower with only a few acres. He stressed increas- ing membership of the associa- tion, as although 23 new members have been added lately there are now only 227 members, not all these even being growers, whereas there are 700 to 1,000 growers in Massachusetts. The first speaker, Frederick E. Cole, Massachusetts Commissioner of Agriculture, said it was a plea- sure to be with Massachusetts cranberry growers, who had al- ways "stepped out ahead" in Mas- sachusetts agriculture, and he hoped the growers would continue to have the "courage of their con- victions" in postwar as they had in the past. Mr. Cole announced that Ferris C. Waite of CCI had that morning agreed to become chairman of the facilities commit- tee of a new Massachusetts State Committee which would deal with the marketing of Massachusetts agricultural products in post war. Dr. Neil D. Stevens, in a brief but pertinent tnlk, referred to the resent stucy, "Weather in Cran- berry Culture," and, said from the data there, indications of the keep- ing quality of the Massachusetts crop this fall could be obtained, and this showed it would not be one of the best keeping quality on record, but should be well "mar- ketable." He had been spending his "va- cation" in Massachusetts, he said., making a study of ponds, lakes and reservoirs as used by growers. This study was in regard to acidity and also "hardness" of the water. This survey had been "hit or miss," in fact wherever he was "able to get a free ride," as he put it, but he had visited approximately 60 such water supplies in Plymouth county, 25 in Barnstable, and 20 in other counties. Plymouth county had more acid water supplies than any other county, with Barnstable next. He said he wished, as the result of these tests to congratu- late Massachusetts growers upon both the acidity of the water sup- plies with scarcely a trace of al- kalinity and a^so for the desirable "softness." There is a close cor- relation between the kinds of water and the troubles growers have, he said; the alkalinity of many water supplies in Wisconsin has been causing some growers there a great many difficulties, troubles that Massachusetts is mostly spared. Dr. Colby The fundamentals of successful cranberry growing have changed remarkably little from the early days of cranberry growing, Agron- omist Colby said. It was remark- able how the early growers in Massachusetts had come to set up these fundamentals so well so early in the game, he said, that even now most of their practices of cran- berry culture are sound. The greatest change recently, he said, is in the increasing consideration given to fertilizing. He said fer- tilizer on cranberry bogs was not used, as in most other crops, to provide the nutrition the plants needed, but to supplement that in the peat or muck, and the cran- berry requires very little of these elements as compared to most pro- duce. The peat, which is only partly decomposed organic matter, is rich in these elements. Early growers did an excellent job in providing an early fundamental in cranberry growing in their use of sand over this peat, he said. Dr. Chandler Dr. F. B. Chandler, horticultural division Fruits and Vegetables, USDA, stationed at Pemberton, N. J., in charge of cranberry cross-breeding program, told, brief- ly the history of the program, progress to date, and how this fall selections will be harvested from hybrids at two different times and studied for color, gloss, shape and cup count, and also ability to ripen in storage. On the basis of this criteria and, of "cafeteria" rating for low leafhopper preference, the best 100 seedlings will be selected for second tests. The secono test will be conducted in New Jersey and Massachusetts in cooperation with four or five growers willing to maintain for at least five years experimental plantings of all of the 100 selected seedlings. Dr. Chandler said it was hoped, these second tests would, by about 1950, incicate what seedlings have sufficient promise to justify nam- ing, and introduction for commer- cial trial. Growers willing to pur- chase seedlings at that time could do so at a reasonable price from any one of the growers who have contributed, land and labor in maintaining the second test. Dr. Franklin A talk upon tests of Fermite, the new fungicide, was given by Dr. Bergman, followed by Dr. Franklin. Dr. Franklin spoke chiefly upon the much-publicized "DDT" and said experiments at the State Bog had shovim, as yet, no definite advantages, except in gypsy moth caterpillar control. In this "DDT" does an excellent job. He said tests with hormone herbicid.e had developed no possi- bilities as applied to cranberry growing as yet, but the door was by no means closed to future pos- sibilities. He commented upon the notable lack of fruitworm and said that this, in connection with scarce infestation of coddling moth gave rise to the thought that in some way weather had been very unfavorable to these insects this year, and these possible causes and effects were worthy of ad.citional study. Dr. Alfred Weed For further information con- cerning "DDT" Dr. Alfred Weed of John Powell & Co., insecticides manufacturer of New York, made a report, based upon all informa- tion that was available as to the possible danger to human beings in using this "miracle" insecticide. He said "DDT" was now being manufactured at the rate of three million pounds a month, and its distribution, following the recent Government permission of use by the general public, would place it in the hands of many for many purposes. He said it is definitely a toxic compound, and can cause injury and ceath to certain ani- mals and could bring serious in- iury to humans. Symptoms of in- jury from "DDT", he said, are aversion to food and "DDT Tre- mens." On the one hand, he said, there is a vast backlog of experi- ence in the use of the compound, with only a single known case of injury to a human (a British sol- dier), and on the other hand the knowledge it is a toxic material. His theme was to use caution in use, heeding all instructions for using, this being true both in in- sect control on bogs and, any insec- ticide uses "DDT" might be put to in the home. Although Govern- ment does not require a poison label, he said his firm would have such a label on the product, as a precaution. Congressman Gilford mace a plea for immediate withdrawals of Federal controls over fruits. "I am going back to Washington," he said, "and I hope you will forgive me if I cling to the old-fashioned, forms of Government — I'm slow about adopting these many new 'schemes'," Hon. Joseph Martin He then introduced Mr. Martin, who began by saying that America is now the one hope of the world. "Keep America as America. Make sure there is individual opportun- ity and that free enterprise is continued,." He continued that what is needed in America now is unity. "Employer and employee must work in unity, and each must respect the rights of the other. Congress must lay down the reg- ulations under which workers and capital can work together." Of taxation the Minority Leader said, "we must reform and revise our tax structure, we must give relief to the little business man and. we must have a tax system which will permit expansion of business. Our tax system must not stifle incen- tive. A man must have the oppor- tunity to venture — and to lose if necessary — but he must have that free opportunity. That is the way America was built." Concluding, he said he was an optimist on America's future. Dr. Raymond Miller To Address New England Sales Co. Dr. Raymond MiPer, president of the American Institute of Co- operatives, was to be the guest speaker at the fall meeting of New England Cranberry Sales Com- pany, Carver Town Hall, Sept. 5. Dr. Miller is an authority upon co- operatives and has a national repu- tation as a speaker. At this same meeting. Manager Benson will give his customary crop estimate as it appears up to that time. NEW STOCK CERTIFICATES OP CCI ARE PRINTED Cranberry Canners Inc. reports the certificates for its new 4 per cent preferred stock have been printed and computations are be- ing made to determine how much stock each member is entitled to, based on his 1944 delivery of bei'- ries. One dol'ar per 100 pounds of berries delivered by the mem- bers is being returned in the form of this new preferred stock, CCI declaring this represents earnings on orange marmalade which was packed for the Government during the past year. CCI is offering ad- ditional shares to both members ad non-members, stated purpose being to raise §1,000,000 working- capital for the cooperative. Seven GEORGE E. SHORT NEW PRESIDENT OF CAPE COD CRANBERRY GROWERS ASSOCIATION A BELIEVER IN ORGANIZATION by CLARENCE J. HALL . . In Happy Mood George E. Short, just elected president of the Cape Cod Cran- berry Growers Association for the 58th year of that organization, is a forward-looking grower and act- ive in the affairs of the industry. His is not the mind to dwell con- tentedly upon what the cranberry industry has been, nor placidly upon what it is today. He looks forward to the postwar era. He looks ahead with confidence, en- tirely willing to grapple with the new problems, and he has eager- ness to take advantage of all the technological advances which have come out of the war in so far as they can be applied to cranberries. Short is a self-made grower — not a large one by any means, at least not yet. He started in with- out any "cranberry antecedents." He worked, his way into the indus- try, buying bog, and is so sure of the cranberry future that he has plans ready to nearly double his present cranberry acreage of 22% just as soon as postwar conditions permit. A believer in organization, he faces the many present cranberry problems squarely, as squarely as he is forced to face those of daily cranberry growing. He faces these latter much more intimately than do many Massachusetts growers, for Short built his home directly by the side of his bog at Island Creek, in the historic town of Dux- bury in Plymouth county. He can scarcely be unaware of his occu- pation much of the time, for his business is always visible around Eight CRANBERRIES PHOTO him. His long living room, with fireplace at one end, looks out over his flower garden to the bog. Along the house front is a wide porch with white pillars, and com- fortable chairs from which he looks down over his acres. Abut- ting his living quarters at the rear of his home, which he designed and built himself with cranberry labor, is his screenhouse, 28 feet by 75 feet. George Short, when at home, can't keep himself very remote from cranberries. Beyond living by the side of his bog, George Short opei'ates his business entirely himself, that is, he has no real foreman. He makes all the decisions necessary during the year and then carries them out himself. He does his own flowing, he supervises the harvesting, pack- ing and shipping. He is anything but an absentee grower. His children include two sons in service. These are Sgt. Norman Alwood Short, now with an engi- neer combat unit in Germany, who has served 2% years, and Seaman 1/c Robert Loring Short, who will have been in the Navy four years next December, having enlisted when war was declared, and who has been in six major battles. His wife is the former Mary Smith of North Plymouth. Has .30 Years Cranberry Experience Born October 4, 1896, in Dor- chester, Mass., he has been a grow- er in his own right since 1928, but his association with cranberry growing dates back approximately 30 years. He built one acre of bog in 1926 while he was employed as foreman for the late J. B. Hada- way, who was one of the first mem- bers of the New England Cran- berry Sales Company. He was in Mr. Hadaway's employ for 14 years, eight of these a? foreman of Hadaway's 60 acre plantation. Before that he was foreman of a trout farm for 4V2 years and dur- ing that time he worked on bogs at night, flowing for frosts. Thus he had plenty of cranberry experi- ence, although he dates his begin- ning as a grower from his first bog purchase in 1928. Following the example of Mr. Hadaway, who was ever one of the most loyal of Sales Company members, Short joined the coop- erative himself, immediately he became a grower. He has been a director of New England Cran- berry Sales since 1930 and last April he was made first vice president. He is also chairman of the Educational Committee, chairman of the Loan Fund Com- mittee, and member of Executive Committee of the Sales Company. He was chosen the first presi- dent of the South Shore Cranberry Club when it was organized, and after completing four years last • winter wanted to step out and give somebody else a chance to head the group — but the members thought differently, and kept him in the chair. As new president of the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' associa- tion, and with the offices he holds in the fresh fruit cooperative di- vision. Short has now risen to con- siderable prominence in the indus- try. As head of the "ancient" Cape Cod Association, the most influential organization in cran- berries aside from the coopex'- atives. he contemplates attempting to make no major changes, im- mediately at least. He hopes to continue to further the projects and plans of past presidents and committees, such as assisting in obtaining an agronomist for full time work with Dr. Franklin at the East Wareham station. He realizes,, however, the association shoiiid have a stronger and more active membership. George Short is stocky built, of medium height, and has ample black hair slightly streaked with gray, a forelock of which has a habit of drifting down over one eye whenever he becomes vehe- ment ( and he can be very earnest and aggressive in his views when occasion arises. He is not truc- ulent nor looking to "stir things up" unless he feels it necessary. But when he be'ieves the necessity calls for him to take a stand or work toward some objective which is for the final best interest of the industry, he proves his aggressive jaw is not a false front. No one born in the last century can strictly be called a "youth," but Short is generally referred to as in the "younger group" of grow- ers and his inclinations are defi- nitely with this class which wel- comes new things if they promise betterment. The election of Short to head the over-all organization of Massachusetts growers is in trend with the recommendations of the Booz, Allen & Hamilton Survey advice to the cooperatives, "to bring younger men to the fore," and is in accordance with the views of many growers that younger blood should take prom- inent part in the affairs of the in- dustry. Short came to Duxbury and hence into cranberry growing be- cause his father, retiring from active work, sought a place in the country for his health and selected ancient and historic Duxbury, once the home of My'es Standish. George came there in 1913 after having attended Boston College High school. He and his brother, Willard, picked cranberries as youths, and with their father, built about an acre of bog, mostly "for the fun of it." But it was a little bog that bore cranberries and his father always picked a few from it up to the time he died a year ago at 81. Became Cranberry Specialist Receiving his practical cranberry training in the night flooding work and for Mr. Hadaway, Short was given an additional advantage that most growers do not have when he went to "cranberry school" at East Wareham under Dr. Franklin in about 1930 and was prepared to become a cranberry specia'ist to assist Dr. Franklin and associates at the station in giving advice and service to Massachusetts growers. For four years, during the summer or the growing season, Short worked as this specialist in the joint employ of the State, Federal Government and also the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers Association. During that time he made many hundreds of visits to help growers with their bog problems in both Plymouth and Barnstable counties, this taking him over many thou- sands of cranberry acres. As a sort of climax to his work he was privileged to help originate the Cranberry Insect and. Disease chart, now so highly valued in its annual ecitions by the growers. About 1935 he gave up this in or- der to devote full time to his own bogs. Short's Properties He had started in for himself with a 12% acre bog — not among the properties he owns now. That he was not afraid of change is shown by the fact he changed from this bog to another and then sold that before he acquired the Island Creek bog of his former employer, Mr. Hadaway. This bog, near the Island Creek postoffice and not far from the famed "John Alden House," the John Alden immortal- ized in the poem by Longfellow concerning the courtship of Pris- cilla Mullins, is an old bog, even as bogs go in Massachusetts. Probably the second oldest in Dux- bury, the first being- the Fletcher property, this bog was built some 80 plus years ago. This is about 14 acres, and he also acquired the Charette bog of 4% acres and the Nicholson bog, Kingston, all in the same immediate section. While getting himself settled in a bog holding that suited him. Short had built two houses before his present abode. He has now tied his properties together by buying the strip of land from Mill Brook Pond, two miles straight across to new Route 3 at the Kingston line, 150 acres in extent. The Island Creek bog of Hadaway formerly had only partial or winter flowage, but Short has completed a 65 acre reservoir, which gives him ample water for a full flowage program in any year when conditions are normal. The water' is raised from the reservoir by two gasoline driven pumps, but is released back into the reservoir by gravity. His property is mostly set to Blacks, with four acres of Howes and about a half acre of "odds and ends," as are many old bogs. As with most bogs there had been root grub trouble, but Short now is sure he has this problem licked by cya- nio'e treatments for two years, in which he used very liberal applica- tions of the poison. He has also had some trouble with gii'dler. Top production on the Island Creek bog has been 2,000 barrels picked from 14 acres, while Short was foreman for Mr. Hadaway. His biggest production on his 22% acres to date has been 1200 bar- rels. This year his outlook is from 800 barrels to a possible 1000. He has his new 20 acre postwar development all planned out and is waiting only for the "green light" to go ahead. The screenhouse, which he made an integral part of his home when he built it about ten years ago, can handle 1000 barrels. It has two Bailey separators and he employs 6 to 8 women sorters when need- Appreciates Value of Dr. Franklin From his experience as a cran- berry specialist. Short derived great respect for the application of science to cranberry growing and for the work of Dr. Franklin and his associates at the sub-sta- tion for the welfare of the cran- ■ berry growers. Even now he says he cannot resist putting in a plea or "plug" for even greater respect for the service of the cranberry sub-station than' is often given. He says he came at first hand to realize the long and tiring hours that Dr. Franklin and the others there put in for the growers. He recalls often starting out very early in the morning and of not finishing work until well into the evening. He remembers that on one occasion he left Duxbury at CRANBERRIES PHOTO Short Home, Screen'uiuse shows at rear Nine four a. m., arrived at the East Wareham station at about five, and founo Dr. Bergman already on the bog, testing some formula or oth- er, and when he got back that night at about nine, there was Dr. Franklin still engaged in work. "Sundays, holidays, and night- times, these men at the State Bog are on the job," Short says. "I like to mention this because I feel that even now many growers do not realize the full value of what Dr. Franklin and his helpers are doing scientifically day after day and season after season for the cranberry industry." Dr. Franklin was rather a re- lentless task-master, when it came to seeing that a cranberry job was carried through, George re- veals. "I recall one time that I got 'mad' at Dr. Franklin," he says. "It was one Saturday af- ternoon when Joe (Kelley) and I came from the Cape about four o'clock and Dr. Franklin sent me right back to the Cape to Silas Jones' bog at Marstons Mills to check his bog and report back to him. The bog had a bad infesta- tion of back cutworms and Fall army worms. Dr. Frank- lin's orders were that the next day (Sunday), he himself and I should go down and help Mr. Jones get started with spraying. We did just that. Incidents like that tell clearly how interested Dr. Frank- lin has always been in the best interests of the growers and to me that spells only one thing — that to Dr. Franklin cranberries and the growers come first, last and all the time." George Short, like many others, recognizes the fact that the cran- berry industry from the very first has been blessed by containing within itself men of vision. "These men are staunch cranberry grow- ers," he says, "truly men with American ideals. The leaders of the industry have worked together cooperatively for the good of all." Always a staunch supporter of New England Cranberry Sales Company, Short mentions this co- operative as an outstanding ex- ample, the "independent" J. J. Beaton Company and others, which to his mind have always stood out as fair-minded institu- tions. "Their by-word is fair, American-style marketing with live and let live spirit," he says. Wants Stronger Association Interested in the establishment of cranberry clubs in Plymouth County, following their innovation in Barnstable County by Agent Bertram Tomlinson nearly ten years ago, he feels these clubs are one segment of strength within the cranberry industry. He feels that actually the old Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association with its reputation and good tra- Ten ditions should be the "mother or- ganization" of the four clubs (two in each county) and is convinced the five organizations must work more closely together. A stai't was made in this direction in 1943 with the joint meeting in Carver, and a further step along this right road was made last spring in the big meeting at Buzzards Bay, in his opinion. He recognizes in- cipient friction between the asso- ciation and the localized outlying clubs, but deplores the fact that some feel the clubs are trying to "steal the thunder" of the bigger organization. Their interests are not at all divergent, he is certain, but are basically the same, and that through closer organization, addi- tional benefits can be conferred upon the industry. The associa- tion should, in fact, be the "moth- er" organization, he says, making the broader policies and the broad contacts for the Massachusetts in- dustry, while the clubs serve their function in "breaking down" these plans into area or regional act- ion." Growers would not have the time (nor the inclination) to at- tend frequent meetings of the big- ger organization at one central point, as they do attend, local monthly meetings of the clubs during the winter. He does not believe the clubs have outlived their usefulness, as has been said, and should fold up in favor of a stronger association. On the con- trary he believes all the organiza- tions should be strengthened, and this might be d.one through some arrangement of a joint member- ship. A factor increasingly coming in- to the cranberry picture and one which can be of greater value, in the opinion of Short, is a friendly Farm Bureau, which is working for the cranberry grower thi'ough State and Federal legislation. It is unnecessary to say that Mr. Short regards the cranberry sub-station at East Wareham, as conducted by Dr. Franklin and co-workers, as one of the very strongest pillars of the industry. That the cultural studies pursued there, including those pertaining to insects and to weather as re- lating to cranberries, will continue to be of increasing value after the war is his conviction. "The Shape of Things to Come" Short has read of and studied new trends and new scientific de- velopments, and attempted to think how they may be applied to the cranberry industry, (jne of these would be the wartime development of radio, perhaps the so-called "Walkie-Talkie" apparatus for use in continuous frost reports during nights of danger. Direct com- munication— one way, at least, coula be maintained between a lo- cal cranberry weather headquart- ers, such as the East Wareham station, and the grower or fore- man at the bog, working through the night. This possibility of keeping the man on the bog in touch with changing weather de- velopments, fits in with other sug- gestions which have been made that "all-night" reports of weath- er indications as they change might be a desirable post-war aug- mentation of the frost forecasting system. The many changes which are taking place in the food field, as these would influence the distribu- tion of cranberries, should be kept in mind by every thoughtful cran- berry grower. From what he has read. Short believes the great de- velopment which is taking place in the quick freezing of meats, vegetables and fruits has great implications for cranberries, and. that the new quick freeze methods can vastly extend the marketing of cranberries, particularly through fresh fruit agencies. Air trans- portation of perishable fruits and vegetables may also off'er some- thing for cranberries, he is inclined to think, although cranberries are not highly perishable, they would lose nothing by quicker transportation to the consumer markets and in the flying of fruits from the West Coast to the big Eastern markets, cranberries might off'er a neeced pay-load back for the air lines. "If the cranberry growers now continue to make use of the com- mon sense they have always in the past exercised so abundantly, I be- lieve that all together we are stronger than ever, ready to meet whatever comes in the postwar era," is Short's belief. Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK At Screenhouses, Bo|rs and Pumps Means Satisfaction ALFRED PAPPI WAREHAM. MASS. Tal. 626 W* Have LUtlno of Cranberry BoffS, Large and Small FOR SALE Geo. A. Cole Agency WILDA HANEY Decas Block Wareham. Maasachuaetta ARIENS-7/7/er THE MOST COMPLETE LINE OF TILLAGE EQUIPMENT IN THE WORLD CA PACITIES M IN TO 7 FT CUTTING WIDTHS ARIENS CO. BOX aoa BRILIION. WIS WiscoBsin Growers Hold the Annual Summer Meetings Topics of varied scope were taken up at the annual summer meetings of the Wisconsin Cran- berry Sales Company and the Wis- consin Cranberry Growers Associ- ation at Realty Hall, Wisconsin Rapids, August 11, the meeting of the former in the forenoon and the association in the afternoon. Vice President Albert Hedler concucted. the company meeting with 110, or nearly complete mem- bership present. C. M. Chaney, of the Exchange, told of crop pros- pects in Massachusetts, and E. C. McGrew also spoke. C. H. Lewis, was also a speaker. C. H. Lewis, Jr., reported a resolution on allo- cation. C. H. Lewis, Jr., as president of the growers' association, presided at the afternoon meeting, which began with a talk upon problems of cranberry growing by C. A. Jasperson of Port Edwards. He was followed by Marcus Havey, manager of the Chicago plant of Cranberry Canners, Inc. Mr. Cha- ney again spoke, this time on the Exchange advertising b u d, g e t. Henry Duckart, manager of the Jacob Searles Cranberry Company, was another speaker. About 125 were present at this meeting. Prof. H. H. Roberts of Maoison, talked on "Hormones as Weed Killers in Relation to the Cran- berry Growing Industry." Henry F. Bain gave a highly-instructive talk, dealing particularly with the span worm. Oscar Potter dis- cussed spraying. Troubles caused by beaver were discussed by Mr. Robinson of the Wisconsin Depart- ment of Conservation. Presid.ent Lewis told of the use of mineral spirits on Micwest and Badger Company cranberry marshes. William F. Huffman, chairman of labor committee, took up the important matter of labor this fall. Mr. Huffman, with Bernard Brazeau and Vernon Goldsworthy, were the original members of this committee which has done much for the Wisconsin growers during the war, and F. F. Mengel and Mr. Duckart were accord.ed praise for their contributions in helping to keep labor problems under con- trol. Capt. Thomas Ryan, commandant of the prisoner of war camp at the Tri-City Airport, Wisconsin Rapics, which is providing the POW labor used since last spring, thanked the growers for the co- operation they have given in the handling of this project. As concluding speaker. Dr. Don- ald Coe of Madison described, the work he has done in connection with cranberry growing. Jersey Growers Meet at Pemberton The annual summer meeting of the American Cranberry Growers Association was held at Pember- ton, August 30th. Arrangements were made by Presicent Joseph Palmer, Vice President Francis Sharpless, F. Earle Haines and Charles A. Doehlert. Following the speaking program there was a tour made of the properties of Theodore H. Budd, near Pember- ton. President Palmer feels there is a fine opportunity at present for considerable improvement in the New Jersey cranberry industry, this feeling being based on some new plantings and renovated bogs, which are making very good, show- ing. He is one of the leaders among younger growers who are attempting to "bring New Jersey back." A more detailed account of the meeting will be carried in the next issue. "Markets Are Purchasing Power" For forty years our management has sold cranberries to markets all over the country. We know the trade, they recognize our fortitude in packing and shipping superior quality cranberries. Increasing market demand for "SUITS-US BRAND" pack requires a greater volume of supply. We need more and more cranberries. COLLEY CRANBERRY COMPANY Plymouth, Mass. Office 17 Court Street Plymouth - 1622 Telephone Eleven VICTORY by the United Nations over our enemies has at last come to us. PEACE is here and our hearts are filled with gratitude and joy. But there is the sobering thought of what we must make of this victory and peace. The bells have rung and the whistles blown, and we have exulted. Our boys and girls are on the way, or will be on the way, back home to us. We do not forget those who will not come back, who paid the full price for this victory and those who suffered injury. Victory and peace bring the most profound happiness, but tempered with the sor- row and suffering this long and terrible conflict has brought, and the awful sense of responsibility upon us that there must be no more war — unless all mankind may be de- stroyed. This is the 39th of a series of messages sponsored by the following public-spirited firms and individuals. Slocum-Cibbs Cranberry Co. RUEL S. GIBBS. Gen. Mgr. Jesse A. Holmes & Son Sawmills at Carver, Mass. Tel. Carver 10-3 Fuller-Hammond Co. Onset, Mass. ROBT. C. HAMMOND Decas Cranberry Company Growers and Shippers of CAPE COD CRANBERRIES Wareham, Mass. Smith-Hanunond Co. Pt. Independence, Mass. CARLETON D. HAMMOND General Manager CARLETON D. HAMMOND, JR. Ass't General Manager Acushnet Saw Mills Co. New Bedford, Mass. GOOD WOOD BOXES Est. 1865 L. B. R. BARKER Buzzards Bay Mass. H. R. BAILEY CO. South Carver, Mass. ELLIS D. ATWOOD South Carver, Mass. (^ditMals ISSUE OF SEPTEMBER, 1945 Vol. 10 No. 5 \^^^^'^'>^>ut^'^l. PEACE THE words everyone has so longed to say are now said : "The War is Over." Peace, with victory, is ours. It is a peace which is disturbed by doubts and fears, but it is Peace. Peace that mankind had best not break again — lest we destroy our- selves. CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS THIS IS POSTWAR PEACE has brought the end of many of the wartime problems in sight, but we still have to work out many of the solu- tions. We see controls being released, supplies easing, such as pyrethrum, long a "tight" item, now suddenly available to suppliers in quantity ; cancellation of war contracts is releasing labor, some of which should now be available for harvest. Peace came about rather sooner and more abruptly than many of us had dared hope for and the transition finds us trying to catch our breath and take advantage of the changing picture. Many a job of work which it has been impossible to do can now be written on the books to do. It will be a very much changed era into which cranberry growers, along with everybody else, are entering. This has been apparent for many months, now that the United States has demonstrated what its potentialities actually are. We have long anticipated being able to harness to our own use some of the many marvelous advances in mechanics which the war has brought about. The time will not be long until this day comes true. A vista with new automobiles, trucks, jeeps, improved tractors, machinery of many sorts, small airplanes suitable to the use of agriculturists, helicopters, new in- secticides to go along with the old stand- bys, "tried and true" new methods which may be used in marketing, opens up jjefore us. The new things which may be ap- plied to cultural practices are many. A changing in the postwar marketing picture promises to be just as pronounced. Dr. William S. Colby, speaking before the annual meeting of Cape Cod cranberry growers, said that, to his mind, a remark- able thing about the early cranberry grow- ers was that they so quickly discovered and put to work fundamentals of cranberry growing — fundamentals so sound that they are basically unchanged today. Our Subscription $2.50 per year Advertising rates upon application Editor and Publisher CLARENCE J. HALL LEMUEL C. HALL Associate Editor CORRESPONDENTS-ADVISORS Wisconsin VERNON GOLDSWORTHY Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin Washington-Oregon J. D. CROWLEY Cranberry Specialist Long: Beach, Wash. ETHEL M. KRANICK Bandon, Oregon Massachusetts DR. HENRY .L FRANKLIN Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham. Mass. BERTRAM TOMLINSON Barnstable County Agricultural Agent Barnstable, Mass. New Jersey ■ CHARLES A. DOEHLERT, Acting Chief. New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station, Pemberton, New Jersey cranberry forebears must have been men of vision and sound common sense. Cran- berry growers foming along since have met everv nroblem of the changing times, wars, floods, droughts, neriods of dire de- pression and of prosDerity. Postwar is no longer a thing to look forward to. Now is postwar, and the time is here to begin to meet its challenge. CONGRATULATIONS to Washington growers of the Long Beach area upon their first annual field day and for the suc- cess of it. Gravland has been on the up- take for several years, but Peninsula cran- berry growing got a black eye a couple of decades or so ago, throuerh too hastv devel- opment. This time it may be different. D. J. Crowley, state specialist, and Pacific County Agent R. E. Roffler will try to make it so. Thirteen A. D. MAKEPEACE CO. PRESENTED "A' Left to right: Clyde N. Smith, C. D. Makepeace. John C. Makepeace, William S. Makepeace. Lt. E. R. Kingman, Major William L. Brown Wareham Company And Its Employees Produced ''Crannies'' Single Car Gave Thanks- giving Cranberries t o More Than 4,000,000 in Service Awarding of Achievement "A" with flag to the A. D. Makepeace Company and pin citations to pro- cessing employes of the company was an impressive ceremony at the "Crannies" plant, Wareham, Mas- sachusetts, August 13th, bringing this honor to the cranberry indus- try from the United States Depart- ment of Agriculture as well as to the company. More than 300 in- vited guests heard Major Wi'liam L. Brown, U. S. Army, Boston Quartermaster Market Center, be- stow the "A" flag upon the com- pany and Clyde M. Smith of the USDA present to workers the pins and citations. The flag was raised to the top of a symbolic flagpole by color guard of Troop A. 4th Motor Squadron, Massachusetts State Guard. John C. Makepeace, treasurer of the company, accepted the flag, "not in humility, but in pride", he said, that the company could have been of this sei'vice in the war, and Pourteen in a spirit of gratitude to the workers who made it possible. Francis J. Butler, a key worker of the company for 30 years, ac- cepted the pins in behalf of the employees and brought out the fact that actually 4,603,600 in the service had been provided cranber- ries last Thanksgiving from a sin- gle car of the dehydrated "Cran- nies" shipped from Wareham that far. This car, he said, held the equivalent in fresh cranberries of 21 and 6/10 cars of fresh fruit, figuring 212% barrels to the car. Singled out for praise in the company achievement were Mr. Makepeace, Russell Makepeace and Edward D. Davis, plant foreman. On the platform also, as represen- tatives of the employes, were Ev- erett Niemi, who had been vital in the designing and building of some of the special equipment, Mrs. Otto E. Kumpunen and Mrs. Anne Orrall. Char'es D. Makepeace, treasurer of Williams College, Williamstown, Mass., was master of ceremonies, opening with a short talk in which he referred to the use of cranber- ries by the American Indians and by white settlers from that time on, and said cranberries were an historic product from the soil of the region. Major Brown, in making the presentation, declared the decision to award the A. D. Makepeace Company the Achievement Award was an easy one, as the company so well deserved this recognition because of its outstanding achieve- ment in providing "Crannies" for the members of the armed forces. Mr. Makepeace, accepting, said: "We are truly thankful for this rewarding of our efforts. It has been a great pleasure to feel that we have made even this slight contribution to those in the camps and on the battlefronts." He said indications were that an even larger quantity of "Crannies" ^ would be prepared from the crop ■ of this season. Mr. Smith, in be- i stowing the pins, said the workers had done an outstanding pei-form- ance in preparing the product and stressed the importance of food in this war, which had made the American soldier the best-fed fighter in the world. The ceremony opened with pat- riotic songs, led by Mrs. C. Ham- mett Cowell. Bunting decorated the building inside and out and the massed flags of the Allied Na- tions were behind the speakers. Following the formal part of the program, all guests were in- vited to the floor above, where the equipment for processing "Cran- nies" is installed. An interesting display included showing cran- berries (this year's crop), growing on the vines, frozen berries from last year, the dehydrated fruit, the packaging used in shipping to any region in the world under any con- ditions. One pound of "Crannies" serves approximate'y 100 persons. A buff'et lunch was served by a caterer, and the final part of the program was the showing of cran- berry movies by J. T. Brown, County Agent, and Associate J. Richard Beattie. Russell Make- peace and Francis Butler arranged the program. GROSSMAN'S A HALF CENTURY OF SERVICE Building Materials Paints Hardware Tel. New Bedford 5-7438 27 Ashley Boulevard Call Xeter x\. • 3^ e kjage Peter A. LeSage PLYMOUTH YARMOUTH Tel. 740 Distributor of Cape Cod Cranberries xei. BamstaWe 107 OVER 70% OF THE PRODUCTION FACILITIES OF THE PACKERS OF Dromedary Cranberry Sauce have been devoted throughout the war to supplying the requirements of the United States Government. We believe that all the millions of consumers of the famous Dromedary Foods support this policy. The Hills Brothers Company PETER A. LeSACE, Agent Plymouth, Mass. Tel. Plymouth 740 Yarmouth, Mass. Tel. Barnstable 107 Fifteen DOU B L E r M IS pil> N ^U. S. NAVY PHOTOS IhE ever continuing improvement of the well-known pyrethrum insecti- cides has been further stimulated by current military demands. As a result, MGK standards of quality, which have always been high, will be set even higher for post war production. Under a companion program of re- search we are now developing and testing new DDT insecticide formula- tions. Identified and marketed under the trademark "Multicide" they will include the following: LIQUID CONCENTRATES: Muhicide Commercial Growers' Spray, Multicide Emulsion Spray, Multicide Dispersion Spray, Multicide Spray-Oil Fortifier. SOLID CONCENTRATES FOR DUSTS AND SPRAYS: Multicide No. 80, Multicide No. 75W, Multicide No. 50, Multicide No. 50W, Dry Multicide. Pyrethrum products will be available only when military demands permit manufacture. DDT products are now available in small quantities, for experi- mental use on agricultural crops. The names "Pyrocide" and " Multicide" are trademarks registered in the United States Patent Office ^WJrfHliir TRADE-MARKS OF QUALITY Jl^J^jfJ^ MCLAUGHLIN GORMLEY KING COMPANY MINNEAPOLIS • MINNESOTA Sixteen Orders Should Be Placed NOW for Fall Needs Pumps, screenhouse equipment, separators, etc. Growers who ar? considering installation of sprinkler systems for next spring should get in touch with us as soon as possible. WE REPEAT: 1945 is still a difficult year, although we are doing our best to give you the service and equipment wanted. Please don't delay in letting us know your requirements as far ahead as you can anticipate them. HAYDEN . SEPARATOR MANUFACTURING CO. E. C. St. Jacques WAREHAM, MASS. New England Sales (Continued from Page S) tions the processing interests as Pre now represented by Cranberry Cancers, Inc. "The present individual set-up of the three State Companies would remain basically as now organized except that in the interest of uni- fication of procedure it is recom- mended that the election methods (Australian ballot) of the New England Cranberry Sales Company be adopted for all States. This method has been found to be very democratic, as results represent the wishes of the membership as a whole. "It is recommended that similar membershp cooperaitives be organ- ized— one in the state of Oregon and one in the state of Washington — if local conditions make it at all possible. "These five 'area' companies would elect delegates (or nominate directors) for the central organi- zation on the basis of one delegate or director for a unit of 25,000 bar- rels of production or nearest frac- tion thereof (average preceding five years), no 'area' Company to have less than two delegates. Suggested Framework of Central Organization "It seems proper that the name selected for a National Organiza- tion should more or less define that organization. Accordingly "Amer- ican Cooperative Cranberry Ex- change' is suggested, indicating scope, method, and the commodity. Membership "Its membership would consist of all present members of the ex- isting cooperatives, members of the 'area' companies being re- quired to be members of the 'Ex- change'. This corporation would handle berries only for its mem- bers and each member wouM be required to deliver his entire crop through the facilities of the "area" Company. (It is recommended that membership fee be estab- lished at 11.00 each for the "area" Company, and the Exchange. Organization "The corporation would comply with the requirements of the Cap- per-Volstead act, the laws relating to Agricultural Cooperatives, and laws of the state in which it was organized. It would assume all processing and marketing activi- ties as now carried on by Cran- berry Canners, Inc., and the Amer- ican Cranberry Exchange. It would acquire the physical assets of those two companies, i. e., pro- cessing plants, other buildings wherever located, equipment, in- ventories, accounts, etc. Management "The central organization would be under the direct management of the Board of Directors which wouM consist of not less than fif- teen nor more than twenty-five members. "This Board would be the duly elected delegates of the State Companies authorized to serve as Directors and would organize by election by ballot of a Chairman of the Board, Vice Chairman, and a Secretary or Clerk. "This Board of Directors would appoint a Treasurer, an Executive Manager of the fresh sales depart- ment, an Executive Manager of processing activities and sales, and such other officers as found neces- sary. None of these persons shall be officers of the Board of Direc- tors and need not be members. "The Board of Directors shall decide upon all policies of the com- pany, including the general allo- cation of the crop between fresh and processing. Between meetings of the Board the affairs of the as- sociation would be handled by an Executive Committee made up of the chairmen of the following several committees. The chairman of the Board would be ex-officio chairman of the Executive Com- mittee. "Each member of the Board would serve on one of the following com- mittees of the organization, these being: Advertising and Research Committee, Publicity Committee, Finance Committee, Fresh Sales Committee, Processing Committee." First to discuss the plan and to take up other matters of perti- nence was Mr. Boardway, who add- ed an interesting conjecture in the Dossibilities of home cannnig, us- ing a jar of home-made sauce pre- pared at his house. He had brought a few spoons and sauce dishes, and passed around sam- ples. He also discussed quick freeze, these two matters being possibilities to build up fresh sales after the war, he said, especially the latter, as home canning has always been engaged in. He also compared operating costs of CCI with those of the Exchange and State Companies. The only other motion brought up for action was that of approv- al or disapproval of the recom- mendation of the Canning Com- mittee, Mr. Barker, chairman, which is that the allocation of the crop of the country for 1945 should be made on the so-called "40-60" basis (40 per cent for pro- cessing and 60 per cent for fresh distribution) rather than to follow the recommendation of the Survey, which was to give each of the co- operatives 200,000 barrels or more. This particular subject was brought to the attention of the Seventeen meeting by Mr. Benson and ap- proval of the action of the Can- ning Committee as concerned the division was moved by Earle L. Boardway, and after some dis- cussion vote was unanimously passed. In the discussion Mr. Harrison Goddard expressed concern of the necessity and importance that the allocation include the crops of the A. D. Makepeace Co. and the United Cape Cod Cranberry Co. It was brought out in the discus- sion that the term "40-60" might be misleading, viz., the term did not apply to any individual crop, but applied to the total of the crops of the members of the two Cooperatives, and thus included the crops of these two large interests which the Sales Company commit- tee presumed would be wholly, or at least largely used for process- ing. This recommendation is based on the present method used by the N. E. Sales Company and permits the allocation of bei'ries to the proper channel rather than taking a definite percentage of each indi- vidual grower's crop. In the minds of the committee this is a more satisfactory method of al- location. Carrying on some of Mr. Board- way's points, E. Bartholomew said that a main point for NECSCO to consider, and an immediate one, was "does the New England Sales want to go into canning or other processing, and do the members want to control the berries they raise through the processing, or would they want to leave that to independent canners, not to CCI, as is now being done?" Walter E. Rowley said his idea was to have the company do its own can- ning or processing of every kind. Nahum Morse, who as a director had helped instigate plan com- JARI POWER SCYTHE Cuts weeds, grass, brush Write for details THE CLAPPER CO. FORMERLY NEW ENGLAND TORO CO. 1121 WASHINGTON ST. WEST NEWTON 65, MASS. PHONE BIGELOW 790Q Ei^htecp mittee, admitted he had now de- cided he personally did not want to have anything more to do with canning than was absolutely nec- essary. He liked the plan, if the canning was left out. Harrison Goddard said that the question, as Mr. Bartholomew had stated, was "is the Sales Company interested in canning", and he, for one, was. Lincoln Hall said flatly he was not interested in any action along con- solidation at the present time. Mr. Rowley asked what ar- rangements were being made con- cerning the processing proportion of this year's crop, which brought out the reply that the Canning Committee was discussing three divergent recommendations: one, to give all the allocation to CCI; two, to give some to CCI and some to independent canners; three, to give a'l to independent canners. George E. Short and Jesse Holmes were others to speak brief- ly. President Ellis D. Atwood presided. WISCONSIN ON CROP ALLOCATION Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Co., at its summer meeting August 11, voted to rescind a vote taken re- garding crop allocation and to leave the matter to the Board of Directors. There was some dis- pute as to the wording and mean- ing of the previous vote which had been recorded as: "That pending any consolidation of the Fresh Fruit and Processing Cooperatives that the Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Co.'s berries be marketed for 1945 only, by being divided equally between the fresh fruit sa'es and processing until each has received 200,000 barrels and any excess over that quantity should be handled as the Joint Caico Rainmaker Portable Steel Pipe Buckner Sprinklers Overhead Irrigation Jari Power Scythe 36" Sickle Mower Milorganite Organic 6% Nitrogen Fertilizer THE CLAPPER CO. FORMERLY NEW ENGLAND TORO CO. 1121 WASHINGTON ST. WEST NEWTON 65, MASS. PHONE BIGELOW 7900 Committee should determine and to this end, if either Cooperative receives more than its share it shall deliver the appropriate quan- tity of berries to the other, but be- fore this division should be made it shall be contingent upon the Survey Committee establishing an acceptable pre-determined pattern of processing costs allowed to be charged against the 1945 costs of berries for CCI whereby all gross receipts beyond these costs or charges are to be returned in cash in proportion to growers furnish- ing berries for processing." NEW JERSEY ON CROP ALLOCATION Directors of Growers Cranberry Co. at a special meeting voted ap- proval of the first five resolutions of the Survey Joint Committee of 8, this including the resolution con- cerning the allocation of the "200,000 bbls. plus basis." This action was taken, it is understood, with the feeling of the Directors that this allocation should be de- pendent upon the action of the other two states' companies. Marcus L. Urann Recovering From An Operation Friend.s of Marcus L. Urann from coast to coast are delighted to learn that he is making very satisfactory recovery from an operation performed at the Mas- sachusetts General Hospital, Bos- ton, August 14th. The president BETTER IRRIGATION With LESS WATER A Model For Every Pre$*ur«! For Farm, O and quickly n^j Heavy duty Ig for long tervi ter lubricat«d| quired. No wear out. M( bution. Write. d or Truck Garden. Eatlly nted on any irrigation pipe. ts and bronie conitructlon Sand and dirt proof. Wa> aringt— no oil or greote re> moving parte to rapidly lum coveroge— even tMrU ture end prtiec. THE CLAPPER CO. FORMERLY NEW ENGLAND TORO CO. 1121 WASHINGTON ST. WEST NEWTON 65, MASS. PHONE BIGELOW 7900 J BUCKNE;( MANUrACTURING C0.(» laiS Blacketona Ave., Fre»e, California BUCKNER SPRINKLERS of Cranberry Canners, Inc., re- vived quickly with remarkable vi- tality immediately following the operation, although later having one or two relapses, was expected to be able to leave the Phillips House, where he was confined, for home, the latter part of the last week of August or first of Sep- tember. Stokely To Resume Packing Cranberry Sauce This Fall New Equipment Added to New Bedford Plant- Quantity Handled to be Determined b y Condi- tions, but Plans Are for Vastly Augmented Cran- berry Program in Future Stokely Foods, Inc. will resume packing cranberry sauce at the New Bedford (Mass.) plant this fall, handling about a "normal" pack, according to Russell Appling, manager. The exact size of the pack will depend partly upon how much tin and sugar, especially sugar, will be available, Mr. App- ling says. Stokely did not can cranberry sauce last year, but with that ex- ception has been packing cran- berry sauce at the New Bedford plant since 1939, and prior to that Stokely for many years bought cranberries from growers. New equipment is being in- stalled at the New Bedford plant for the cranberry sauce line, and while the pack this year may be limited, including one contract pack of considerable size, future plans, as concerns cranberries, Mr. Appling says, are very extensive. "The quantity of cranberries here- tofore handled will be very small compared to what we plan to can in the future. Our plans are for Stokely to really go into cranberry canning." Beans, with a small pack of fish, make up the present packing lines at New Bedford, and for postwar the plans are for the two main packs to be beans and cran- berries. The Stokely plants, with general offices at Indianapolis, Indiana, now total 59 throughout the country, including 11 in Wis- Subscribe to CRANBERRIES and keep posted on the latest developments FREDERICK S. WESTON 15 Pierce Bldg., Middleboro, Mass. INSURANCE- SURVEYING My Mutuals Can Save You Money Don't Lose What You Have INSURE IT Telephone 'J/l Mitdleboro *_/U ROBERT LENARI Real Estator Reed Avenue - - Manomet, Mass. Tel. Manomet 44-E Specializing in the Purchase and Sale of Cranberry Properties The SKINNER System of Irrigafion For Cranberry Irrigation and Frost Protection SDitable piping and SKINNER SYSTEM,--siniple, durable, non-clogging UTILITY HEADS are now available for this worl( Send for folder showing head coverage and costs Overhead Irrigation Systems for All Purposes THE SKINNER IRRIGATION CO. TROY, OHIO GEORGE N. BARRIE, New England Distributor BROOKLINE, MASSACHUSETTS Nineteen STOKELY ... and the 1 945 Cranberry Sauce Pack • • STOKELY, at the New Bedford, Mass., Plant will pack Cranberry Sauce in quantity consistent with controlling conditions. STOKELY has packed Cranberry Sauce (with the exception of last year) at this modern New Bedford Plant since 1939, and prior to that purchased cranberries over a period of years from a large number of satisfied Massuchusetts growers. STOKELY Plans for postwar, as concerns packing Cranberry Sauce, contemp- late a program far exceeding any in the past. STOKELY prod- ucts, processed in 59 plants throughout the country, are nationally known and advertised, recognized for their high quality. STOKELY FOODS, Inc. 90 Riverside Avenue, New Bedford, Mass. R. F. APPLING, Manager General Offices:- Indianapolis, Indiana ^ Twenty CRANBERRIES PHOTOS Above — Boom in operation, carried by two men. ture above, but does not show clearly.. New Wisconsin Spray Boom Liked Spray Equipment Devised And Built on Marshes of Potters, Felt to Have Great Promise Below — Close-up of Bean Sprayer, with second boom, which is in use in pie- A new type of equipment and .-pray method has been used in Wisconsin the past season with great satisfaction, so much effic- iency indeed, that those growers who have applied spray through a new special'y-designed boom doubt if they will ever go back to control of fireworm by water. These new long booms have been used on the marshes of Guy Potter and Oscar Potter and others, including the marsh of Cranberry Lake Develop- ment Company at Phillips. The first boom was built in the machine shop of Guy Potter at Camp Douglas, but Mr. Potter gives his nephew, Bennett Potter, son of Oscar, full credit for the original idea. With the idea fur- nished by Ben, Floyd Crawford, who is emp'oyed by Mr. Potter in the machine shop, built the booms under the sponsorship of Guy. Two booms were built by the Potters in the arrangement, one 35 feet long, made of very light tubing, with braces to stiffen, and it is from this the spray is actual- ly applied, with two men carrying it, walking over the vines. The other boom, also 35 feet long and also of original construction, is carried on a revolving turret mounted on a Bean sprayer. It is supported by an "A" frame. The beds at the Potter (Cutler Cranberry Co.) marsh for which the spray boom was designed, are mostly eight rods wide by 40 rods long, and two full rounds cover one entire bed. The men travel at about a normal walk, and with this arrangement can cover 35 to 40 acres a day. Besides a great sav- ing in time, it is felt the boom gives a much better coverage than the usual spray gun at the end of the hose. The first potter boom had 23 nozzles with No. 7 spray disks, and operated at 650 lbs. pressure. The boom may be used with only one man carrying the outer end for the first "round", while the inner end is suspended directly from the boom fastened to the sprayer as it moves along the shore. Bennett Potter is one of the more recent and younger growers. He operates the Morrison Creek marsh, which he owns with his father and brother, Russell. Pro- duction there has been among the highest in Wisconsin. His mind runs to better methods for produc- ing bigger crops and to new ma- chinery to bring this about and with greater economy. It was Bennett Potter who was FLOYD CRAWFORD Twenty-one one of the principal originators of the mechanical picker which was sponsored by eight Wisconsin growers last year and was further developed by Robert Case of War- rens. There are now five of these machines in use in Wisconsin, where its users say it is the most practical picking machine yet de- vised. Floyd Crawford, who had charge and did most of the actual machine work on the new booms, is em- ployed by Guy Potter in a well- equipped machine shop the year around, and is an expert mechan- ic. He is also interested in a new marsh on the Potter property soon to come into bearing. The Potters, the idea again orig- inating with Ben Potter, have de- veloped a marsh pruner, which will be pictured next month. LATE DEVELOPMENTS ^'"'-' °''^"""'^ Ceiling Prices ARMY ORDER The army is making no change in its requirements for dehydrated, cranberries, according to informa- tion at Cranberry Canners, Inc., and is still to require one million pounds, or approximately 100,000 barrels and is also making no change in its requirements for canned cranberry sauce, which will take the equivalent of 16,000 barrels. Lt. Col. Cecil G. Dunn, Office of Quartermaster General, Washington, made known this pro- gram last April. CEILING AND PRICE With the harvest begun, at this writing ceiling prices on cranber- ries are apparently still to be in eff^ect. Since the official Govern- ment estimate of the 1946 crop, the OPA and U. S. Department of Agriculture began work on revis- ion of last year's ceiling prices in order to bring them in line with 1945 prospective crop. A brief from the industry in be- half of the Special Cranberry Information Committee (which is, Chairman Chester M. Chaney, Mel- ville C. Beaton, A. D. Benson, Jos- eph Burgess, George A. Colley, Frank Costello, William Decas, R. S. Gibbs, Carl W. Illig, Jr., J. C. Makepeace, Ferris C. Waite), has been prepared and filed, with the assistance of Karl D. Loos, Washington representative of American Cranberry Exchange, with the two Government depart- ments. This committee is the same, headed by Mr. Chaney, ■ which assisted last fall in the set- ting of the prices. The brief of this year gave industry ideas as to what 1945 ceilings should be, taking all factors into considera- tion. Last year's ceiling prices, in- cluding allowance for Massachu- setts "crop disaster," as provided, for in Amendment 59 to MPR 426, for first period shipments, was $5.85 per quarter-barrel box, f. o. b. basing point, plus allowable markups. Twenty-two WPB BOX RESTRICTIONS WPB restrictions upon the print- ing on wooden shipping boxes and upon the use of Vb bbl. boxes for cranberries which was placed un- der Order L. 232, was cancelled by orcer PR 31, efi'ective August 2Cth. This means, of course, that growers may resume the use of the small packages when they wish and, may place the printing for- merly used upon all shipping con- tainers. ODT LOADING OFF American Cranberry Exchange received a telegram August 29th from ODT that it was relinquish- ing restrictions upon cranberry car loadings as under Ord.er 18-A, this ruling to be eff'ective until December 31 of this year. The Exchange had asked ODT for such consideration, that this fall's crop might be shipped under the pre- war tariff regulations. The war- time ODT order was that cars must contain 34,500 lbs. minimum, or 11,050 boxes of cranberries. The load now returns to the old basis of 24,000 lbs. minimum, ex- cept for transcontinental cars, when it is 30,000 minimum. First Annual Field Day for Growers of Washington About 180 Attend Event at Long Beach State Bog, With Tour of Other Pro- perties Following; Sprink- ler Demonstration A first annual field day for Washington craberry and blueberry growers was held at the Cran- berry-blueberry laboratory. Long Beach, Saturday, August 18, this being arranged by D. J. Crowley and Ralph S. Roffler, Extension Agent, Pacific County. Interest in cranberries has continued to in- crease and approximately 180 gathered for this event. The program began at 10 o'clock with assembly at the Station, and reports were given on various ex- perimental projects, including: di- sease and insect control, weed control, cultural practices, new hybrid cranberry and blueberry varieties. At noon there was a western "Pot Luck" luncheon in the picnic grove. This was fol- lowed by a series of short talks by members of State College Experi- ment Station and Extension Ser- vice staffs. Then a visit was made to the Guy C. Myers "Cranguyma" devel- opment, and from there on to the bog of Charles Nelson at Nahcotta where his suction picker was shown. Final stop was at the Rol- la Parrish bogs, where Mr. Parrish put on a demonstration of his large sprinkler system, which cov- ers about 35 acres in one unit, water being provided through a 100 horsepower electric motor. A number of Oregon growers from across the Columbia river came vp for the field day, including Eugene Atkinson, who is the oldest grower in Oregon, one of tht real pioneers of West Coast growing. If the interest shown at the first meeting is any indication and plans expressed materialize there will be a considerable increase in Wash- ington acreage from now on. Certification for Prisoners of War In Massachusetts Certification for use by prisoners of war by Bertram Tomlinson, Agricultural Agent, Barnstable County (Mass.) has been amended to cover Plymouth County cran- berry growers, as well as those on the Cape proper. His original cer- tification was for 150 POWS to be made available for harvesting, sanding, and general maintenance work. Contracting agency is to be Cranberry Caners, Inc., under direction of Ferris C. Waite, and in this Canners executes a definite contract with the U. S. Army, which includes specifications of exact' y the number of men to be employed and the number of days. Growers who contract for the prisoners of war are obliged to pay prevailing wage rates, which Mr. 'Tomlinson has specified as 45 cents per box delivered on the shore, or by the hour, $1.00; all other work at the rate of 60 cents per hour. Failure to use the men as specified incurs a penalty of $1.50 a day for each day not used, excepting, of course, rainy days or work prevented by "Acts of God." Requests had been received for 65 prisoners, 50 to be used in Ply- mouth county and the others in Barnstable. Growers are respon- sible for transportation of the prisoners to and from Camp Ed- wards and each grower must use a minimum of 15 men, as the Army guard does not direct the work, but merely sees that prison- ers do not escape. This arrange- ment is not one which can be read- ily utilized by smaller growers, who would ot need 15 men or more. will be necessary for these to reach harvesting size. Fresh from the Fields (Continued from Page 5) be recovered as floaters. Annual fall meeting of New England Sales Company on September 5th with crop estimate as of that date, and the first week of actual picking will begin to give a more definite picture. ULabor — The labor situation will be much clearer by the end of the first week of September, also. There is good reason to hope that cancelling of war contracts, as at shipyards, coupled with the fact that scoopers can make a fine day's pay, may help produce an ample harvest labor supply, aside from the Jamaicans and the avail- ability of prisoners of war for larger growers. NEW JERSEY TISmallest Crop Since 1902?— Pro- longed wet summer weather fol- lowing severe late spring frosts have so damaged crop prospects that the production is expected to be the smallest since 1902. Win- ter damage was very slight and up to time of blossoming prospects appeared more favorable than in several years. However, the late frosts, especially on dry bogs, which in some instances were act- ual freezes, began to change the picture. When the fruit was set- ting the series of heavy rains and floods — the rain in some cases knocking young berries off the vines — brought an end to the good hopes. Many bogs were flooded for a prolonged period, this resulting in the rot now prevalent. Size of berries is variable. A fur- ther "long-range" cause of this year's reduced prospects was the effect of two unusually dry sea- sons, 1943 and 1944, resulting- in very thin vine growth which had not been overcome this season. TlLate Fall Would Help— Bogs from which water was drawn ear- ly show good growth, with size of berries somewhat larger than nor- mal, while on bogs where it was necessary to hold water to a later- than-usual date for protection from frost, the berries are comparative- ly small. A favorable late fall WISCONSIN ^Difficult to Estimate — The crop was difficult to estimate from the very start of the season, with the cold weather and use of much water in May, and as the season advanced it became no clearer. Not only May, but June and July made up a prolonged cold period, the latest ever known in Wiscon- sin. The blossoms hung on amaz- ingly late. favorable in some respects, al- though a good crop is expected. D. J. Crowley estimates that only about ten to fifteen per cent of the possible sunshine from the first of May until mid-August was ob- tained, and such foggy weather as prevailed was something not even the oldest settler could remember. llSetting Late — In general, al- though there were exceptions, the set appeai'ed to be rather poor in the central part of the state, but was better in the northern. The bloom in the_north was exceedingly late, and tnere was no experience to guide growers in knowing whether or not such late bloom, general throughout the state, could produce mature berries. August weather started in on the favorable side, and a great deal depended upon ho wit continued until mid- September. USeason Late — Grayland, he es- FLEX-O-SEAL PORTABLE PRESSURE-TIGHT IRRIGATION PIPE For Overhead Sprinkler Systems Male End Female End UHarvest Will Be Delayed — Gov- ernment estimate puts the season at least three weeks late, and har- vesting is not expected to start before the latter part of Septem- ber. Berries will be small in size and probably light in color. Vine growth was very heavy, but set of berries not corresponding. WASHINGTON llSummer Sunshine Lacking — The summer seaso was not too Write Distributors below for full details: Miller Irrigation Co., Inc., Williamstown, N. Y. Lewis W. Barton, Haddonfield, New Jersey Farm Bureau Ass'n, 15S Lexington St., Waltham 54, Mass. Wm. Richards, Veg-Acre Farm, Forest- dale, Mass. Frank E. Shepard, Shepard Farms, Wood- bury, Conn. Ideal Equipment Co., 540 Grand Ave., Port Washington, Wis. Manufactured by Chicago Metal Mfg. Co., Chicago 32, III. THOMAS BROTHERS General Contractors MIDDLEBORO, MASS. Tel. Middleboro 772 Concrete Flumes and PumpweUs Transit Mix Concrete Complete Line of Construction Equipment Excavating - Grading - Hauling Leave the Tough Jobs for Us Our Experience is Your Guarantee Twenty-three timates, will have a slight increase over last year; at the Long Beach district there will be at least as many berries as last year, al- though the increase will not be much. He, in mid-August, was figuring the crop as a whole about the same as lastt year for Wash- ington, Government figures for which are 30,000, which is slightly under Government estimate. The season is a'most two weeks late. Government estimate of 36,500 is considered largely due to new and renovated acreage coming in- to production. The ten year aver- age (1934-43) was 21,070 barrels. OREGON GROWERS' CLUB HAS TOUR A cranberry meeting and tour by the Southwestern Oregon Cranber- ry Club was scheduled for August 30th. The meeting, arranged by County Agent George Jenkins, was to feature cultural problems. Rus- sell Adams of the State Extension Service representing agricultural labor, was expected to confer with growers concerning- harvest labor in regard to hours, wages, etc. Ar- thur King, Extension Service soil specialist, was scheduled to give a talk on soils, fertilizers and soil testing. VICTORY Victory demands of us that we make the tran- sition from war into Permanent Peace completely successful. ELECTRICITY is one of the vital factors. ELECTRICITY is a most vital factor to bring about the Postwar world we have been waiting for. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM Tel. 200 - PLYMOUTH TeL 1300 BUY WAR BONDS AND STAMPS We Handle Cape Cod Cranberries Exclusively Growers using our service are assured of an outlet for their ENTIRE CROP AT TOP PRICES AND PROMPT RETURNS. Our connections supply both the ARMED FORCES and CIVILIAN TRADE with FRESH CRANBERRIES, CANNED SAUCE, and DE- HYDRATED CRANBERRIES. Serving the Cranberry Industry For Over 25 Years BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY Wareham, Massachusetts Tel. Wareham 130 Twenty- four Before disposing of your crop of CRANBERRIES may we suggest that you contact our Cape Cod Rep- resentatives: Beaton's Distributing Agency We are in the market for good, sound cranberries, free from rots and spots, as "We pack only that Quality we will eat and serve to our own." MIN-OT FOOD PACKERS, Inc. Represented by BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY s m Eatmor "Cranberries Since 1907 The New England Cranberry Sales Com- pany is the largest contributing unit of the American Cranberry Exchange, and is con- stantly at work promoting the best interests of its members and of the cranberry industry as a whole. During this summer 67 cranberry grow- ers were given very material assistance on 144 separate jobs in their spraying and dust- ing program by our field crew under the di- rection of Raymond Morse. NEW ENGLAND CRANBERRY SALES CO. 9 Station Street MIDDLEBORO, MASSACHUSETTS "The Fresh Cranberry Cooperative" 'KCOlIN I IINVj /^IN ^0,\J\J^,\J\J\J /-v I l-r-vrv ii ^i-'v-'w* i in FOOD TECHNOLOGY APE COD lEW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON ACME PHOTO PICKING AT CRAYLAND, WASH. (See Page 19) 25 cents KEEPING FAITH For over 50 years Growers have placed their con- fidence in the Growers Cranberry Company. That trust we have always carefully guarded, and to- day, as in the past, we are giving the highest type of service to all. Growers Cranberry Company, Inc. PEMBERTON, NEW JERSEY WISCONSIN MOVES FORWARD COOPERATION PAYS Approximately one-half of the members of the Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company had their in- come tax reports made by the Sales Company. Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin To Insure the Cranberry Industry Against a 1,000,000 Barrel Crop and a 500,000 Barrel Demand Cooperate With CCI NOW.... To Develop wider markets for cranberry products To Extend the cranberry season to 12 months a year To Develop new uses for cranberries Through this canning cooperative, growers are teaching customers to eat cranberries in more ways more often. Ocean Spray is now mak- ing 6 cranberry products to use your cranberries faster: Jellied Cran- berry Sauce; Whole Cranberry Sauce; Cranberry Juice Cocktail; Cran ; Orange-Cranberry Marmalade ; Dehydrated Cranberries. All this means dollars in your pocket, even when the 1,000,000 barrel crop comes. Cooperate now with the 671 growers who are cooperating through CCI to build a greater consumer demand for cranberry products, a longer season, and a profitable outlet for every cranberry you grow. CRANBERRY CANNERS, Inc. The Grow^ers' Cooperative Canning Company Hanson, Mass. Onset, Mass. Plymouth, Mass. Dennis, Mass. Coquille, Oreson New Egypt, N. J. North Chicago, 111. No. Harwich, Mass. Markham, Wash. Bordentown, N. J. Gurnee, 111. Long Beach, Wash. SERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY ADAMS & BEAN CO. Lumber Dealers "Everything Under Cover" East Wareham, Mass. Tel. Wareham 648 Building Material for Bog, Screenhouse and Home Uses Paints - Hardware Marinette & Menominee Box Co. Marinette, Wisconsin BOXES. BOX SHOOKS, CRATING WIREBOUND BOXES AND CRATES M & M's 64th Year Serving the Wisconsin Cranberry Growers CROP-SAVER brand INSECTICIDES FUNGICIDES For the Cranberry Grower CROP-SAVER CHEMICAL COMPANY, Inc. 2630 West Arthington St. Chicago 12, Illinois Cape & Vineyard Electric Company Offices : Chatham Falmouth Hyannis Vineyard Haven Established 1848 Hall & Cole Incorporated Commission Merchants and Jobbers 94 Faneuil Hall Market 102 BOSTON, MASS. APPLES AND CRANBERRIES SPECIALTIES Car Lot Receivers The National Bank of Wareham Wareham, Mass. MEMBER FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION E. T. Cault Transportation Co. | Wareham, Mass. Tel. 227 We are ready to give you any kind of cranberry bog construction service. Shovel — bulldozer — trucking — stump pulling — excavating — draghauling — canal and ditch digging. We have Sand, Loam and Gravel We Transport Cranberries Wood County National Bank Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin MEMBER FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION Middleborough Trust Company MIDDLEBORO MASS. Member of The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS MASSACHUSETTS Call WAREHAM 162 ;. G. M. Packard & Go. Hardware — Locksmiths For Maintenance Supplies Diesel Bulldozer E. C. HOWES WEST WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. Wareham 405-W-2 Experienced in Bog Work Contact Us Massachusetts Native White Pine Used for Cranberry Boxes F. H. COLE Established 1T07 Manufacturer of Wooden Boxes and Shooks North Carver, Mass. Tel. 46-5 Serving Western Cranberry Growers with High Quality Products Rotenone Pyrethrum Sabadilla Nicotine Copper Sprays Oil Sprays Lime Sulphur Solution Miller Products Company Portland 1, Oregon RAIN BIRD SPRINKLERS Pioneers in Cranberry Frost Protection and Irrigation Data from Rain Bird Sprinkler Mfg. Co. Glendora, Calif. L. R. Nelson Mfg. Co. Peoria, 111. Ores^on — Washington R. M. WADE OREGON CULVERT & PIPE Portland, Oregon CRANBERRY SCOOPS and SCREENINGS The G. I. call for "cranberries" to go with Christmas turkey is heard strong in the feature movie, "G. I. Joe", the story of the late Ernie Pyle. This is in an episode in a dugout in Italy in the midst of a tough campaign when the captain commands his lieutenant to go out and get turkey "with cranberries" for his men who, in this movie version, are not among those to whom holiday allotments of turkey and cranberry sauce had arrived, according to ' schedule. The demand for "turkey with cranberries" is inspired when a radio broadcaster is heard an- nouncing that "everywhere service men are eating turkey and cran- berries on the Christmas holi- day." The captain is determined that his men shall have their share of turkey and cranberries. Dr. Fred Chandler, USDA, who from Pemberton, New Jersey, is heading up the cranberry hybrid program, was in Massachusetts for a week in mid- September, do- ing some work on the half-acre planting of selected seedlings on the Makepeace bog, provided for this purpose. Dr. Chandler was accompanied by two Pemberton High School boys who have been working for him on this project in New Jersey, and the job in Massa- chusetts was to "clean up" the hills of plantings so that vines would not interming'e. There are a few berries on these hybrids this fall, and next season the planting of 2,000 is expected to bear its first crop. Satisfactory progress is being made in the long range program, which began in Jersey in 1929, as Dr. Chandler reported to the Cape growers at the annual August meeting. But don't expect these new hybrids to be available for your planting to- morrow— remember this is a long- range program. Maybe by 1960 the public will be buying these improved varieties in the market, and this matter of distribution of the hybrid vines through the in- lustry was one of the matters Dr. Chandler was discussing while in Massachusetts. Look for some concentration to- ward reducing the root grub prob- lem in Massachusetts. Root grub may be considered No. 1 insect problem in that area, requiring effort toward control similar in scope to the fight begun anl carried out successfully against the spread- ing false blossom disease several years ago. D. J. Crowley of Long Beach, Washington, who was a guest and ■ speaker at the Southern Oregon Cranberry Club, found the trip to the cranberry district there ver$ interesting, and writes that nbw ' gasoine rationing is' removed he believes Washington and Oregon growers will visit more frequent- ly. In spite of the much longer distances than between Cape Cod' and Jersey on the East Coast, the West Coast growers are ekperienc- ing increasing interest in their common cranberry outlook. Rural New Yorker, in the issue of September 15, carried a com- prehensive "lead" story upon the cranberry industry by N. S. White- field. Title is "Jewels of the Sand." Three Massadiius#ts Is To Choose A Cranberi*y Queen At Festival Affair November 2 Spon- sored by Wareham Leg- ion and Auxiliary, and Assisted by Growers Massachusetts is to have a "Cranberry Queen". Wisconsin had her annual "Queens of the Marshes" before the war, and this fall the Wareham Post, American Legion No. 220 and its Ladies' Auxi'iary, assisted by area cran- berry growers, have started the ball rolling toward what, it is hoped, will be the annual election of the "First Lady of the Bogs" of Massachusetts at a festival suitable to the harvest season of Massachusetts' leading export crop, cranberries. The festival, election of the Queen, and presen- tation of the crown is to be at Town Hall, Wareham, recognized center of the cranberry industry, Friday evening, November 2. The Queen wi"l be elected by ballot, each admission to the fes- tival giving one vote and also each dollar contributed by an advertiser in a souvenir program for the fes- tival and dance. Requirements for candidacy to the contest are that the girls be 14 years or older and be a resident of the Cranberry area. A nominating committee, consisting of Myron W. Baxter, Clifford Collins, Bartlett E. Gush- ing, Lester Boynton and Carleton D. Hammond, will accept nomina- tions at any time up to and includ- ing the time of voting on the evening of the contest. Hopeful candidates have already made their entry. The "crowning" will take place immediately the win- ning'girl is announced. She will be presented with a |25.00 War Bond as well as the crown. In addition to chosing a Queen, an essay contest is being held by the Wareham High school, the subject being, "Wareham and the Cranberry Industry". The pupil writing the winning essay upon this them, which will be published in the program, will be given an award, besides the publication. The festival will be a dance (Pioppi's Four orchestra) and an amateur program, in charge of Wareham Selectman Alton H. Worrall. Those attending the festival may dress up in their best, or put on a rig such as the average cranberry har- vester wears — that is, most any old thing. Francis J. Butler of the cranberry industry is chairman of committee on arrangements, with the Commander of the Post, Henry A. Hawes, Selectman Worrall, John Maddigan, Clarence Hew- itt, Clifford Collins. Louis Anthony, Carleton Hammond, Mrs. CliiTord W. Collins, and Mrs. Clifton F. Keyes being the other members. Commander Hawes is in charge of the program, assisted by Dexter H. Round, co-chairman, Myron W. Baxter, Parker N. Moulton, super- intendent of Wareham schools, Dr. Wal- ter Lyle, Charles Coyne. Ralph Elliott. Lester Boynton: posters. Clarence Hew- itt, chairman. Mrs. Henry Hawes ; re- freshments. Louis Anthony, Mrs. How- ard Griffith. Mrs. Elwell H. Smith. Mrs. John Chandler and Mrs. Louis Anthony : tickets. Clifford Collins. Mrs. R. B. Cudworth and Mrs. Dexter H. Round: decorations. John Maddigan. chairman, Mrs. Marjory Reilly. Mrs. Norman Fra- ser. Miss Pearl Atkins. Mrs. Virginia Eldredge. Miss Jeldina Melloni. Miss Dorothy Klocker and Mrs. William F. Kiernan. WwsMM (6 r r i e s The friendly cooperative service of this larg- est purchasing unit of the American Cranberry Exchange is benefitting its members in a wide variety of work. One hundred and eighty-six members are having their cranberry crops screened and packed for them in the company houses. This screening and packing for members is done efficiently, as well as economically. New England Cranberry Sales Co. Middleboro, Mass. "The Fresh Cranberry Cooperative" Issue of October 1945 — Vol. 10, No. 6 Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop, Main St.. Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscription $2. BO per year. Entered as second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post office at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3, 1879. FRESH FROM THE FIELDS By C. J. H. American Cranberry Exchange estimate for tlie crop toward the end of September was 100 barrels less than the August government forecase, says C. M. Chaney in a letter to members, placing the to- tal at 644,000. The five year average 1940-44 he gives as 635,- 100, and the ten year average, 625,240, so that present 1944 pro- duction might be a trifle over the average of late years. Blacks in Massachusetts were still being harvested the last week of September, and in general it was expected they might run up to the estimate of 470,475 thousand for that state. While many grow- ers reported they were falling off, others were running slightly over. Reports on Jersey Blacks were considerably varied; Howes in Massachusetts were expected to run up to their ex- pected proportion, with the possi- bility of a slight falling off, but even at the beginning of October such' a large part of the cro^ was still to be harvested from Eastern vines that the crop size was still considerably problematical. Wis- consin began harvesting very late, as did the West Coast, with scarcely clearer indications of re- su'ts than a month ago. MASSACHUSETTS 1I"Normal" Crop 474,222 Bbls.— Massachusetts "normal" crop, ac- cording to the trend line for the latest year to which it has been figured by the smoothed 9-year sliding average, is 474,722 bbls. This is the average up to and in- cluding 1940. If it could be fig- ured to include the 1945 crop, the "normal" might be a little lower. Dr. Franklin says, this being be^ cause of Massachusetts crop "dis- (Continuei) on Page 2J) PRICE CEILINGS LOWER, WITHOUT "DISASTER CLAUSE" For the second season cranber- ries are being sold under a ceiling imposed by OPA, this being an- nounced September 21, to become effective at 12.01 a. m. the 22nd. As there was no crop disaster this year, "opening" price for first of the four price periods is $4.70 F. 0. B., Wareham, Mass., basing point, per quarter barrel box (plus allowable markups) as compared to $5.85 (plus markups) allowed "ast season through the same period, to and through October 7th. As last year, Wareham was selected as the basing point for weight (approximately one bar- rel), this comparing to last year's processing figure of |22.38.) The average price of fresh cran- berries to the public at retail un- der this ceiling is about 31 cents a pound, a figure approximately ten cents below that of last year. In basing the mark-ups, distrib- uting and selling, agents are al- lowed a mark-up of 18 cents per box on direct sales and 21 cents per box on sale made through brokers. The complete schedule of OPA prices follows: N. Beginning of season thru Oct. 7th Oct. 8th thru Oct. 28th Oct. 29th thru Nov. 18th Nov. 19th thru end of season F. 0. B. Mass. Wash J., L. I. Wise. Oreg. $4.70 $4.80 $4.95 4.85 4.95 5.10 5.00 5.10 5.25 5.15 5.25 5.40 Massachusetts, New Jersey and Long Island, with calculated freight rates from other points to make the price uniform for delivered berries to every market in the country. This would make ber- ries bring 119.60 a barrel for the Eastern area season average, with the allowable mark-up included, and the price raised for other areas in proportion, as compared to an over-al average of |26.00 last year, with the four price periods computed. There is no ceiling placed upon processed berries, however, the maximum price at which the pro- cessed fruit may be sold will be fixed to reflect to the grower a priee of |16.02 for the 100-pound This ceiling price was not quite as much as the industry set forth as desirable in the brief filed with OPA and the USDA. Demand for the first berries was very good, even anxious, and such early ber- ries as were marketed until the 1945 ceiling was imposed were mostly sold subject to ceiling when named. Up to the time of setting, 95 cars had left Middle- boro from the Cape area as com- pared to 30 for that date last year, While buying was eager, a ten- dency was noted against high prices, and in this the scarcity of sugar was considered an import- ant factor. Five The Use of Commercial Fertilizer On Cranberries by WM. G. COLBY Agronomist, Mass. State College The technique of cranberry cul- ture was developed, largely throug ture was developed, largely through trial and error, more than .ia hundred years ago. Before the methods now followed were discov- ered, attempts were made to grow cranberries on up'and soils and in many types of peat and muck- lands. It was soon discovered, however, that this particular plant could only be grown successfully in a quite restricted environment, and that this environment was confined to bog sites. Here it was possible, through the construction of dams and ditches, to carefully regulate the water table at levels optimum for the growth and man- agement of the crop. The accum- u'ated deposits of peat or muck provided fertility for the growth of the crop. The desirability of using sand in the construction of cranberry bogs was also an early discovery. It was noted that if a thick layer of eand was not first spread over the muck or peat, it was "difficult to keep out the weed grasses." Also, cranberry vines grew more rapidly on pure, black peat than on any other soil, but that "after a single crop will be obtained, the vines become abortive", i. e., fail to set fruit. Other beneficia' effects of sand were noted, namely the rela- tionship of sand to the mainte- nance of good drainage and its favorable effect on soil temper- atures. Through the control of water facilities and by the use of sand on peat and muck bogs, a rather closely defined set of con- ditions was created which was fav- orable to the successful culture of the cranberry plant. Any radical change in this environment is apt to result in the appearance of weeds that wi'l seriously compete with the cranberry plants. The use of commercial fertiliz- ers on cranberries is of relatively recent origin. A few early refer- ences relating to the use of ferti- lizing materials can be found. For instance, the use of gypsum and Peruvian guano was suggested as eai'ly as 1873, while the use of a commercial fertilizer high in pot- ash and phosphoric acid, but low in nitrogen, was suggested in 1901. Within the 'ast 10 years, there has been a marked and continued increase in the use of cranberry fertilizers by growers in Massa- chusetts. This is in itself an in- dication that the growers have found that, in many instances, the use of commercial fertilizers has been beneficial. While there is, no doubt, still much to be learned con- cerning the use of these materials en cranberry bogs, some experi- mental work has already been car- ried out and the experiences of growers have been observed. These, together with fundamental infor- mation on plant nutrition and soil chemistry, make it possible to discuss in a general way the prin- ciples involved in the nutrition and fertilization of the cranberry plant. The following is an at- tempt to rationalize the use of commercial fertilizers on cranberry bogs on the basis of information now available. Until recently, the principal soui'ce of fertility for the produc- tion of cranberries has been the deposits of peat and muck under- lying the bogs. The slow decom- position of this organic material I'eleases plant nutrients which are then utilized by the cranberry plant. The cranberry crop is unique ?ii that it is the only important com- mercial crop grown in Massachu- setts which has depended almost entirely upon a natural source of fertility. This point is significant because, as wil be explained be- low, it has an important bearing on the formulation of recommend- ations for the use of commercial fertilizers on cranberry bogs. Compared with many other im- portant crops the nutrient require- ments of the cranberry are rela- tively low. A crop of 100 barrels of cranberries per acre plus one ton of dried vines will contain only 23 pounds of nitrogen, 10 pounds of phosphoric acid, and 18 pounds of potash. These values may be compared with 125 pounds of nitroge'h, 35 pounds of phos- phoric acid, and 175 pounds of pot- ash, the nutrients contained in the tubers and vines of a 300 bushel potato crop. Notwithstanding the re'atively low nutrient requirements of the cranberry crop, there has been in recent years an increasing num- ber of bogs which have shown evi- dences of malnutrition. Fruit yields have declined and vine growth has become less vigorous. A variety of circumstances, such as the gradual thickening of the layer of sand overlying the peat resulting from successive sand- ings, the exhaustion of fertility from an originally shallow peat layer, or the low fertility reserve in so-called "hard" or "sand-bot- tom" bogs may bring about this condition of substandard fertility levels. It is on such areas that commercial fertilizers have been used with marked degree of suc- cess. Nitrogen is the most deficient nutrient element. The response of cranberries to nitrogen fertilizers has been frequently demonstrated and this is the only form of ferti- lizer that some growers have used. The mineral requirement of most woody plants, inc'uding cranber- ries, is relatively low and it is difficult to demonstrate definite re- sponses to applications of either phosphoric acid or potash. How- ever, there appears to be a ten- dency on the part of growers to use a complete fertilizer instead of a straight nitrogen-carrying material and, in the writer's opin- ion, this is desirable. Because of the low rate of application per acre, the additional cost of using a complete fertilizer over one con- taining only niti'ogen is relatively small. Compared to other costs in the production of cranberries and to the high value of the crop, this additional expense is relatively in- significant. If for no other rea- son, perhaps, phosphoric acid and Six potash should be included in the fertilizer to serve as cheap insur- ance against 'any possible defic- iencies of these e'ertients. The use of lime on cranberry bogs has never shown any benefits. This is not surprising. The crop of cranberries previously referred to would only remove two pounds of calcium oxide to the acre and only seven pounds would be con- tained in the vines, a total of nine pounds; while the crop of pota- toes would contain some 75 pounds of the same nutrient element. Furthermore, if enough lime were added to markedly affect the acid- ity of the muck or peat — and to accomplish this would require heavy applications — ^the soil ' en- vironment for the plant would be so changed that it is entirely likely that, even if there were beneficial effects on the cranberries, a seri- ous weed problem would result. The ratio of one element to an- other in a complete fertinzer, known as the fertilizer grade, is probably not as important with cranberries as it is with many other crops. Most any common complete fertilizer such as is gen- erally recommended for upland soils is apparently satisfactory. This is indicated by results from preliminary investigations. Nitro- gen is the most important element in the fertilizer in so far as cran- berries are concerned; and this is the e'ement to keep in mind. Experimental results thus far indicate that the rate of applica- tion depends largely on the condi- tion of the particular bog in ques- tion. It is to be remembered that in the fertilization of cranberries we are supplementing a natural source of fertility and not substi- tuting for it. Therefore, the ex- tent to which this natural source of fertility should be supplemented wi'l vary from one bog to another. In fact, each bog becomes an in- dividual problem. Experiments showed that where vine growth was fairly vigorous, a 300 pound application of an 8-8-8 fertilizer was adequate. In other instances where vine growth was weak, an 800 pound application of the same fertilizer was not excessive. Care must be taken not to over-ferti- lize. Over-fertiJization may cause excessive vine growth which will result in a reduction, not only in the yield but a" so in the quantity of the fruit. Thus it becomes ob- vious that the formulation of blanket recommendations for the use of commercial fertilizers on cranberry bogs is practically im- possible; and interested growers should feel encouraged to carry on fertilizer tests of their own. Fertilizers are not a panacea for other cranberry troubles. Bogs in poor condition because of false b'ossom, severe grub infestation, or poor drainage conditions, will not be greatly benefitted by ferti- lization. However, fertilizers may be helpful, following the use of proper corrective measures for some of these troubles, in restoring a bog to satisfactory production again. The use of commercial fertilizers on cranberries will be continued, not on'y to stimulate vine growth and improve yields on low-produc- ing bogs, but also to maintain profitable levels of production on many other bogs. But where vine growth is already vigorous and healthy, and yields of fruit are consistently high, the desirability of supplying additional fertility shou'd be carefully weighed. The drawbacks may 'Over-balance the benefits. If a bog is producing satisfactorily, that in itself is evi- dence enough that additional fer- tility is unnecessary. FLOODING WATER USED ON CAPE GOD NEIL E. STEVENS The water used in flooding well over 100 cranberry bogs in Massa- chusetts was tested for acidity and hardness during the past summer. This work was made possible through the generous assistance of the men now carrying on investi- gations at the State Bog, who fur- nished practically all the transpor- tation and took a number of sam- ples. The survey was undertaken primarily for the he'p it might give in understanding Wisconsin conditions. The results may, how- ever, have some interest for Cape Cod growers and others. The following table shows that, so far as they have been tested. acidity. More than half of these the flooding water used on cran- berries in the Massachusetts reg- waters have pH between 6 and 7. The great majority of the rest fall between 5 and 6. Only 4 were found with water having a reaction even a little higher than 7. All have extremely soft water, so soft indeed that in many" cases it is difficult to be sure that the reading is exact. ■ Particular attention should be ca'led to the small group of reser- voirs with extremely acid water, that is, below pH 5. In almost all cases the owners and managers of properties with such water have long recognized that it is necessary Results of Survey of Cranberry Flooding Waters in Massachusetts, July and August, 1945 > Number of lakes or reservoirs having water of the pH indicated Below 5.1 5 5.1—6.0 35 6.1—7.0 56 Above 7.0 4 Range of hardness of water expressed as bound Carbon-dioxide 1-3 2-6 2-6 3-6 ion are almost all acid in reaction and are very soft. In this table the first 100 samples tested have been classified according to the acidity of the water. It will be remembered that 7 is the neutral point on the pH sca'e and that lower nunibers indicate greater to use the very greatest care in flooding to avoid injury to the cranberry plants themselves. The available facts apparently indicate that in the Cape Cod area extreme acidity indicates water very likely to injure plants if flooding is pro- onged. Seven Excerps from An Address By Dr. Raymond W. Miller Mrs. Miller and I grow walnuts and peaches and prunes in Califor- nia. We learned a long while ago that there seemed to be only one way of making money there and that was to combine with our neighbor and to go after markets a long way from home. That is the reason why some co6peratives in California have been started. We have more individualists out there and moi-e peop'e with differ- ent ideas than any other people I ever saw. But we work together. We have learned out there to ship our crop 3000 miles — our mar- ket is here in the East. We carry on a friendly contest with you for the markets — walnuts against cran- berries. We have learned out there that if we can pool our stuff together and ship it to Boston and to other markets, well packed and well crated, over a number of years, this will be a great' benefit to us. - It takes money to produce an acre of walnuts, not far different from the cost of preparing an acre of bog. In producing the walnuts, such as Mrs. Mi'ler and I have, we started with practically no money, and we did it by hard work. If we had bought it in full bear- nig, it would have cost at least S1200 an acre. You are just as well off to pay $1200 an acre for a bearing grove as to pay $150 for the land and slowly bring it into bearing. 14th Amendment Basic for Corporations I happen to be an attorney and to have studied political social science most al' of my life. I happen to be a strong believer that we have a decent form of govern- ment in this country. Sometimes it gets into the hands of people who may not be the best, but on the other hand, we voted for them and put them there. Whoever they may be, they represent a pretty fair majority of the average citi- zen, of the people. But here is the trouble. Follow- ing the Civil War, we passed the Fourteenth Amendment to the Fed- eral Constitution. That, along with the Thirteenth and Fifteenth Amendments, was supposed to help do something for the Negroes. Whether he ever got to use those rights is another matter entirely. But there was one gentleman in the wpodpile who came in under that Fourteenth Amendment who changed the whole destiny of man- kind. Nobody thought about it at Eight Dr. Miller, who gave this special talk before the mem- bers of the New Eng'and Cran- berry Sales Company at Carver Town Hall September 5th at the annual fall meeting, is president of the American In- stitute of Cooperation with headquarters in Philadelphia, and is one of the foremost speakers and authorities upon cooperatives in the country. He is a native of California, president of the California Wal- nut Growers Association, a large grower himself, and an attorney. Those who heard this talk characterized it as the "best talk upon cooperation I ever heard." The ta'k was given in the morning, and Dr. Miller visited bogs in the afternoon, leaving for Washington and then for California. Shortly after his arrival on the West Coast the officers and trustees of the American Council on Public Relations held a banquet at the Hotel Francis, San Francisco, at which he was given the Council's 1945 "award for the person in America who contrib- uted the most educationally and scientifical'y to public relations during the past year." He was selected for this honor by a national ballot of Council mem- bers. Prior to Dr. Miller's address, th^ Sales Company members heard reports on crop prospects by A. D. Benson, and unon prices, market, transportation, "■H other prospects by C. M. Chaney and E. C. McGrew of the Exchange. President Ellis D. Atwood presided, with Mr. Chaney introducing Dr. Miller. A principal matter of busi- ness transacted was the elec- tion by ba'Iot to fill the vacancy on the board of directors of the American Cranberry Exchange, caused by the resignation of John C. Makepeace. George E. Short, Island Creek, received tha highest number of ballots and became the new Exchange director. thfl time, but shorfy after the pas-age of the Fourteenth Amend- ment, a court case came before the Suprelne Court of the United States which had to do with an in- visible intangible thing — existing only in contemplation of law — as the old Supreme Court defined it, and that invisible, intangible being was a corporation. Previous to that timei, you could cunt on your hands all i;he corpor- ations there were in any state. There were a few like * Harvard and Yale, and ecclesiastical <;orpor- ations such as the Universa'ist Church and the Congregational Church, and there were a few of them like ancient ti'ading com- panies, but the great bulk of busi- ness was done by individuals or partnerships, or what you in Mas- sachusetts term trusts. This was done by a combination of individuals, and some smart attorneys thought if they could get the Supreme Court to say that a corporation was a person in the eyes of the law they could then go out and do great things, so they ran a case up to the Supreme Court. The Supreme Court ac- cepted their view and said that a coi'poration which was an invisible, intangible thing, existing only in contemplation of law, had certain basic rights, that it had the rights of a person, it had all the rights of a person. As far as discrimina- tion was concerned, al of the things that were given to the Ne- gro were turned around and given to this invisible corporation. What happened ? Almost im- mediately, within a matter of de- cades, every state in the Union passed statutes allowing for the creation of corporations, and they were formed by the thousands. You are one of them here today. You as an organization would never be here had it not been for the Fourteenth Amendment for a Negro. I say never. You might have pushed a special bill through the Massachusetts Legislature, but you wouldn't be as you are now were it not for that particular thing. No Pennsylvania Railway, no New England Steamship Com- pany, nor simiar corporations would be in existence as corpora- tions, as they now are, were it not for the Fourteenth Amendment. Corporate Rights May Be Cancelled The Fourteenth Amendment gave them certain rights. You can't discriminate against an or- ganization because it is a . corpor- ation. A corporation can do prac- tically everything except vote and sit on juries. Sometimes juries do something with corporations, but aside from those two things a corporation can do practically any- thing that an individual can do. I take time to tell you that this morning because sometimes some of us forget that this is a statu- tory right — and that is what we have. God didn't give us the right to do business, neither did the Federal Constitution give it to us, neither did the State Constitution in California. We didn't get it out of the common law. We got it be- CRANBERRIES PHOTO C. M. CHANEY DR. MILLER ELLIS D. ATWOOD A. D. BENSON cause the State Legislature passed a statute that says if you people care to combine together and do certain things within the statute, we wi"l allow you to do it, and that is practically all there is to it. There is any number of corpor- ations. Some are educational ones, and so forth, but all have been given the right by the State to do business. I would like to confine my dis- cussion to a corporation as a cor- poration. I am neither going to praise nor indict anybody else for using the corporate form of busi- ness. If the Catholics want to build a corporate hospital, an ec- clesiastical hospita', fine! If a grouD of people wants to go ahead and form a mercantile company up here and call it some type of industry, fine and dandy. But I want to confine my remarks about this corporation, yours here and mine in California, to the things we ars allowed and not allowed to do. Remember this, as the legis- lature gave the right by the pass- ing of a law, which in turn your attorneys and your managers and so forth complied with or else you wouldn't be in existence as such, it can take it away as it sees fit, and the history of the Anglo-Saxon world and the history of the com- mon law has proved that people's ideas can change. You can put things on statutes and you can take them o-f. A typical one is the time when, by popular demand, a great series of prohibition laws were put on the statutes; later they were taken off. We live pretty close to the soil. We are trying to produce this stuff for the nation, and we are trying to get something back for it. We have found that the best way to get something back is to come to- gether with our neighbors. We set this thing up under the eyes of the law of California or of Mas- p.achusetts and under an over-a 1 law of the United States. We do this in order that we may get a larger return, a larger percentage of the retail dollar. We all know, as cooperative peo- ple, that we are going to continue to exist in the nation and to have these rights that are given to us to do business, but we have certain exemptions. I do not believe your tax exemption here amounts to anything and the tax exemption we get on walnuts does not amount to anything much, but we do get an exemption from the conspiracy clauses of the laws of the Common- wealth of Massachusetts and of the Sherman Anti-Trust and the Clayton Acts. Associatfd Press Decision Important ""h-; Associated Press is a coop- erative which was ca'led the other day before the Supreme Court of the United States. In making their pleadings the Associated Press members said: "We are a very nice cooperative", which they are, "and you have charged us with bein'? a monopoly. You have snid we have taken a monopoly of the news and that we won't let the little people have this news. All rip-ht, we admit we did it, but what about these farmers and fruit growers who are allowed to do certain things?" And they made their defense on what they had been doing because the law al- lowed us to do the things which they were charged with doing. The Supreme Court answered them in a very famous decision, or one which wil become famous. As t'me goes on, it will probably be the most famous cooperative de- cision that ever was handed down by the Supreme Court of the United States. They said, "Yes, the farmers and frvit growers can do these things because the Congress gave them an exemption." By inference, when Congress takes the exemp- tion away, we . cannot do those things. , Rights Acquired Bring Responsibilities '" " 'Mi But there is one thing we can do v/hic^i we have not yet done much about. Every acceptance of a giv- en right is accompanied by a duty. Any man in this room who is not married or who once was not mar- ried has had an opportunity. That was the right to go out and get himself any woman to marry him who would say "Yes." Most fel- lows went through the agony :0f doing it, and most of them would meet some woman in a weak mo- ment with a weak mind who would say "0. K." What happens ? Is that the end of it? That fellow, call him what you will, had that right and ,he also acquired along with it — rigned, sealed and delivered in the eyes of the law — a duty. That duty was to take care of that lady. Pome men have paid a lot of ali- mony to find that out. That duty was to take care of the children that may happen to be delivered into the family. Even though she rould prove that he was not the father of those children, he still had and has, the duty to take care of those children which are born c'uring the time that they are mar- ried. When you form a cooperative you are exercising a right and accepting a duty — a duty to do something for the rest of human- ity. That is the only reason that cooperatives are considered a good thing. The honeymoon is all over now and the stern realities of life must be faced. Our cooperatives are young, they are not very old, and the honey- Nine mobti of the time I am talking 'aT)out has passed. The time now has come when you have to as- sume your obligation. There is one obligation the co- operatives can assume which would be a great thing for a nation. That is to take an interest in the food of the nation, not just for making money, but as a friend in helping all men to get a better diet in the United States. Coop- eratives ought to operate on the basis that the food they produce is good for people. We expect that of doctors, and teachers, and ministers of the gospel. You, our Ifarm people, have a like duty in tlie years ahead, to find and devel- op the finest way for American people to eat cranberries, for two motives: one, to make money, and, two, so that cranberries may be good for the people who buy them. Co-op Spirit Is What Counts There is another thing we have learned about cooperatives. Co- operatives have a duty to method- ically keep within the law and to keep within the spirit of the law rather than the letter of the law. For example, my ancestors were Congregationalists. Suppose that the Congregationalist peop'e in this community decided to have a propagation of the faith organiza- tion and that they set up a little corporation known as the Congre- gational Mission Board for this particular town. They raise mon- ey, they draw up articles of incor- poration, and they elect oflficers to do that one thing. Then suppose a few of us, who happen to be Methodists, slip in the back door and get control of this thing, and we say, "You go out here and push the Methodist Faith." The law will step in and say you are doing an ultra vires thing, beyond the Fcope of that which you are set up to do. We set up our cooperatives to cooperate. Let us make certain that they do. The first basis of cooperation is to work together. The second thing is to treat all peope the same. No Vested Interests A lot of our cooperatives in the West, when they started, had a tendency to give people vested in- terests. Certain people had rights that other people didn't have. After a while, those things do not work because you are no longer a cooperative. When one person e:ets special rights, you may still be a cooperative in the eyes of the law, but not before God. If you take the name of cooperative, then you must use the cooperative principle right stranght dovm the line, or else go ahead and become a profit-forming corporation. But when you are setting up a cooper- ative, keep it cooperative. Ten Remain Democratic, Maintain Minority Rights There are a few other things on cooperatives that I would like to discuss with you, though I be'ieve the habit of collective action is too well ingrained in New England to worry about them. New England is too steeped in tolerance of the town meeting and democracy for the majority to attempt to sup- press the right of the minority. Make certain that you don't ever get that sort of thing into your cooperative thinking. Don't ac- cept the idea that majority rule gives the right to dictate. You find that tendency in some cooper- atives. Make certain that the mi- nority, whoever they may be, have certain rights. That is a tradition in New England that I don't have to discuss with you. I would like to discuss the mat- ter of your cooperative right here in New England. You have a building down there. I presume you ovm that building where Mr. Benson was this morning. I pre- sume that you own everything in the building, papers and so forth and so on. They are yours. In- dividua"' neople put money into the cooperative. You have a revolving fund, and so forth and so on. Without going into any detail about it, the thing that has held these people together is these corporation interests. You are in- dividuals and you set this corpor- ation up to own these things. Make certain that in the handling of these things you use the same code with a corporation that you do in your oviTi individual life. In other words, if a community is in need of help, if a community is in need of advice, if a commun- ity is in need of something, make your cooperative a part of the community just as much as you, individually, are a part of a com- munity. Make certain that it un- derstands community enterprises end does those things that the community expects. Train Young in Co-op Traditions One little thing and I am going to close. Make certain that when these boys come back from the war — your sons or the men who are going to marry your daugh- ters, the people who are going to inherit your property — you not on'y leave a will whereby the sec- ond generation inherits your prop- erty, but before you do that make certain they get your spirit as to why you belong in the cooper ative. We have tremendous numbers of recond generation cooperative peo nle who haven't the least idea why the "old man" and "old lady" ever joined that thing anyway. They don't know, and that is a tragedy. There is a spiritual reason why your fathers joined, and make cer- tain you pass that along. I can- not leave a better word with you than the idea of the "flame" which you have of wanting to belong to this corporation and what it means. Make certain that that becomes part of the thinking of the second generation. And you younger members, if any of the old fo ks are still living, make certain that you find out from them the battle they had before they formed it. There is some spiritual movement or you would never have got a bunch of New England farmers to do what you have done. I know my father was up against seven- cent walnuts and they formed an association and, in .time, got a good price for walnuts. So pass on the spiritual touch. You have a bog that goes on for generations. You pass on and it passes on to your heirs. Make certain the heirs get the spiritual thing. You can't pass that on by testament. You can only pass that on while you are still living. OREGON NOTES Mr. and Mrs. Kranick visited the Eugene Atkinson marsh at Sand Lake recently to see a new picking machine being constructed by Ralph Elliott, this having three fans instead of the customary one. Mr. Atkinson has a bumper crop, and feels that frost protection from overhead sprinkling is to be given much of the credit for this. Cranberry Canners members held a picnic at Kranberry Acres on August 26th, Mr. and Mrs. Rolla Parish and Mr. and Mrs. Guido Funcke of Long Beach, Washington, being visitors. _ A tour was made of the Kranick marsh, which had a fine crop in prospect. DOEHLERT, ASSOCIATE VISIT MASSACHUSETTS Charles A. Doehlert, acting chief of Cranberry and Blueberry Re- search Laboratory, Pemberton, New Jersey, and associate, Wil- "iam E. Tomlinson, Jr., were in Massachusetts Oct. 3 and 4, con- sulting and visiting bogs with Dr. Franklin. The Jersey research men hoped to get some "pointers" from the visit which might help them in assisting in a program to make Jersey bogs more productive than their level has been the past few years. ARlBUS-Ti/ler — THE MOST OMPLETE LINE OF TILLAGE EQUIPMENT IN THE WORLD C* PACITIES 14 IN TO 7 FT CUTTING WIDTHS ARIENS CO. BOX BOS BRILLION. WIS German Prisoners of War Help In the Mass. Harvesting German prisoners of war, to the number of 150, or to the full ex- tent of the certification obtained by County Agent Bertram Tomlin- son for their use in Barnstable County and later amended to in- clude Plymouth County, are now engaged in cranberry work. The contracting agency is Cranberry Canners, Inc. Ferris C. Waite, immediately in charge. Under this, Canners executed a definite contract with the U. S. Army, this specifying exactly the number of men to be employed, the number of days, and other conditions. Indi- vidual growers have obtained the use of this labor under the Can- ners contract. At the start of the season there was no certainty the use of prison- ers of war in harvesting would be necessary, and use was found for only 75 as the scooping opened. However, as labor has proven shorter and shorter, the need of utilization of this labor has stead- ily increased, until the full allot- ment of the certification is in use. As a matter of fact, as September went on and harvesting was de- layed more and more by wet weather, the need increased, and as the month ended Canners had two crews out, going from bog to bog, aiding as many growers as possible who applied for this as- sistance. With the lateness of the season and frost-flooding water short, some growers felt their use almost an emergency need. Originally the prisoners were allotted to certain growers who ap- plied to Canners and were divided: Cranebrook Cranberry Company (Frank Costello), South Carver, 50; Duxbury Cranberry Co. (Ken- neth Garside), Duxbury, 15; A. D. Makepeace Co., Wareham, 15; F. L. Whitcomb, Cotuit, 15; Manuel Rose, Waquoit, 15; Cranberry Can- ners, Inc., 40. As some of these finished or were able to relinquish this labor, two roving crews of 25 and 35 each, under Maynard Holmes and Alton Smith, were set up and went from bog to bog, helping out, these groups being augmented as time went on. The prisoners are paid the pre- vailing wage as certified by Coun- ty Agent Tomlinson, with many of the Germans on "piece work" or picking by the box, with others en- gaged in other harvest work. The prisoners receive no money for this work, the wages the growers pay going to the Government, but each prisoner is issued "canteen checks" or scrip to make purchases at the camp, the maximum per day being 80 cents by the hour basis, although slightly more is possible by the box if 21 or more boxes a day are scooped. Growers contracting for the prisoners must provide transporta- tion and this is being done by bus and truck, and for this the grower is allowed a refund which amounts to about one cent per man per mile per day, with a maximum of about 50 cents per man per day, even though the distance from Camp Edwards, round trip, may be more than 50 miles. Maximum time from the stockade is 12 hours a day. No unit of less than 15 men is permitted on a bog, and for these groups armed guards are provided (Continued on Page 14) "Markets Are Purchasing Power" For forty years our management has sold cranberries to markets all over the country. We know the trade, they recognize our fortitude in packing and shipping superior quality cranberries. Increasing market demand for "SUITS-US BRAND" pack requires a greater volume of supply. We need more and more cranberries. COLLEY CRANBERRY COMPANY Plymouth, Mass. Office 17 Court Street Plymouth - 1622 Telephone Eleven WE HAVE FAITH IN THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY Stability Now Will Help Uncle Sam... Our Uncle Sam has just won a great war and a great victory — with the individ- ual help of each and every one of us. He's a little tired, and finds it a little hard to get into the swing of the transition from a state of war to a state of peace. After all, there is a big change-over for many of us to make. In some industries and businesses it is a complete change-over. We know that some industries are finding it difficult, with wage uncertainties, labor prob- lems, and price ceilings on some commodities and products. The cranberry industry again has its price ceiling and still has its labor short- ages, but we have no real conversion job on our hands. We are effected by the re- flections of the general industrial change-over. But our way in this transition period is really fairly simple — it is to keep on growing cranberries just as we did before and during the war, but with a weather eye alert to take advantage of every opportunity and development which will boost cranberry growing. We can help Uncle Sam by contin- uing on a stable course. This is the 40th in a series of messages, sponsored by the following public-spirited firms and individuals. Slocum-Cibbs Cranberry Co. RUEL S. GIBBS. Gen. Mgr. Jesse A. Holmes & Son Sawmills at Carver, Mass. Tel. Carver 10-3 Fuller-Hammond Co. Onset, Mass. ROBT. C. HAMMOND Decas Cranberry Company Growers and Shippers of CAPE COD CRANBERRIES Wareham, Mass. Smith-Hanunond Co. Pt. Independence, Mass. CARLETON D. HAMMOND General Manager CARLETON D. HAMMOND, JR. Ass't General Manager Acushnet Saw Mills Co. New Bedford, Mass. GOOD WOOD BOXES Est. 1865 L. B. R. BARKER Buzzards Bay Mass. H. R. BAILEY CO. South Carver, Mass. ELLIS D. ATWOOD South Carver, Mass. ISSUE OF OCTOBER, 1945 Vol. 10 No. 6 DAWN JUST AHEAD WE are now living in that time we wait- ed for so long — post-war. Is it turn- ing out to be all it was cracked up to be? Not yet. Many of our sons, husbands, fathers, brothers and daughters have not been granted discharge from service; the wheels of Selective Service move slowly; reconversion s havng its expected difficul- ties, one of the snarliest of which is labor, the question chiefly being wages. We are all of us a little dazed by the cessation of hostilities all over the world a little sooner than our experts expected ; we are not yet back in a state of free trading without ceil- ing restriction upon some things, or en- tirely back to free enterprise and compe- tition. It's a let-down after the struggle, a twi- light period, or more aptly, a period of before the dawn indistinctness, we hope. It's a time to be picking out the way we are going just as soon as the sun is up and the mists of uncertainties are burned away. AGAIN A "CRANBERRY QUEEN" WAREHAM'S American Legion Post, with its Auxiliary, is to see that Massachusetts has its "Cranberry Queen" in this first cranberry harvest of post-war, intending to make this an annual event. Many of us recall when seven or eight years ago Wisconsin chose its "Cranberry Queen" each year in a very elaborate pro- gram at Wisconsin Rapids. Ticket holders and program advertisers in the Wareham Legion Festival are to vote for their choice at the dance on the evening of November 2nd, and the Queen will be crowned with due ceremony. Here is a thought : that each of the five cranberry districts, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Wisconsin, Oregon and Washing- ton should choose its original Queen, and from these five regional Cranberry Belles an "All-America Cranberry Queen" should be selected. The selection of such a Queen would entail a lot of fun (probably a lot of work), and presumably consider- able valuable publicity for the cranberry industry. Long live the Queen! CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS Subscription $2.50 per year Advertising rates upon application Editor and Publisher CLARENCE J. HALL LEMUEL C. HALL Associate Editor CORRESPONDENTS-ADVISORS Wisconsin VERNON GOLDSWORTHY Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin Washington-Oregon J. D. CROWLEY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. ETHEL M. KRANICK Bandon, Oregon Massachusetts DR. HENRY J. FRANKLIN Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. BERTRAM TOMLINSON Barnstable County Agricultural Agent Barnstable, Mass. New Jersey CHARLES A. DOEHLERT, Acting Chief, New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station, Pemberton, New Jersey GOOD PROMOTION IT'S a note of good omen, the amount of cranberry business done this summer at the refreshment stand of Cranberry Canners, Onset branch, on routes 6 and 28, the main highway to the Cape. CCI News reports that $633 was rung up by the cash register to passersby from the sale of cranberry frappes, cranberry juice, and canned cranberry sauce on one day. This is gOod cranberry promotion, promotion which will likely be needed in post-war competition. It was the intention of CCI to set up similar stands at other CCI plants which are "strategically" located along the main highway, but the war intervened, and it is the plan of the co-op that these be put up now the war is over. Every effort to boost cranberry consumption is an ef- fort well worth while. Thirteen ARMY PHOTO OF ROWS SCOOPING ON MASSACHUSETTS BOG Prisoners of War (Continued from Page 11) by the army. The guard does not direct the work; his duty is merely to see that the prisoner does not escape and to control his conduct. Orders and instructions are given by the grower or his foreman and these are transmitted through "leaders" or interpreters who speak English. No difficulty is being found in this respect. M;als are furnished by the Army. In- spection of conditions at the vari- ous bogs is made by army o.Ticers. Growers must use the men the number of days specified, except- ing, of course, when prevented by weather or other circumstances beyond the control of the grower, and for failure to do so a penalty of §1.50 per day per man is at- tached. Mr. Tomlinson, Mr. Waite and growers who are using this Ger- man prisoner of war labor report the project is working out to com- plete satisfaction, that the men 'earned quickly, work very vifell, and there is no complaint with their conduct or attitude. The men may be used until November 1st. CRANBERRIES PHOTO GUY POTTER DEMONSTRATES Pruner Developed By Wise. Potters Besides the new spray booms, as described in last month's issue, the Potters, again from original ideas of Ben Potter, have developed a power pruner, which also bids fair to be of great importance. Newell Jasperson has been interested in this project, as well, and has de- veloped a model of similar type. "This new pruner", Vernon Go'dsworthy has said "is a won- derful time saver, and will un- doubtedly be used on many of the Wisconsin marshes as more ma- chines of the type are made avail- able." It has been suggested that the Sales Company obtain a ma- chine of similar construction for the use of its members. The idea of this pruner was originated from the working of an (Continued on Page 17) Fourteen mamimmimiimt!aB'i Call J\m -Lie O age PLYMOUTH Tel. 740 Peter A. LeSage Distributor of Cape Cod Cranberries YARMOUTH Tel. Barnstable 107 Now that the war is over the entire production facilities of the packers of Dromedary Cranberry Sauce can be devoted to those good Dromedary Foods for the American pub- lic. Let us always remember with gratitude the American youth who achieved the victory, and made it possible for us to renew our efforts for prosperity and contentment in this great Republic. The Hills Brothers Company PETER A. LeSAGE, Agent Plymouth, Mass. Tel. Plymouth 740 ^^■^^1 HfiiliifflC Yarmouth, Mass. Tel. Barnstable 107 Fifteen ra9@eij[i®[i[D3a NON-IMJURIOUS pVrocide iHIdH IN KILLING POWER! UNIFORM The MGK development of Pyrocide* Dust, which has greatly increased the efficiency of pyrethrum insecticide dusts, is an outstanding contribu- tion to agriculture. MGK Pyrocide Dust permits maximum effective- ness and economy. Non-toxic and non-injurious to humans, it has won high favor from satisfied users. Laboratory and field research with Multicide* DDT Dusts and Sprays indicates new levels of effectiveness ■ in controlling certain types of in- sects. While their high efficiency is ' unquestioned, full possibilities of DDT Dusts and Sprays are still being explored. Multicide DDT Dusts and Sprays are now available. MUliriCIDE D T DUSTS t SPRAYS KILLING POWER MULTIPLIED MINNEAPOLIS • MINNESOTA *The names "Pyrocide" and "Multicide" are trademarki registered in the United States Patent Office Sixte Pumps, Screenhouse Equipment We are exclusive agents for RAINBIRD SPRINKLER Needs for Cape Cod District. (Sprinkler Systems should be planned now for next spring). We have been appointed Agents for INTERNATIONAL Pumping Engines, Sales and Service. Because of labor troubles and problems of reconversion in suppliers' plants, materials and finished units are still slow^ in delivery. PLEASE continue to think of next year's needs and place your orders early. HAYDEN SEPARATOR MANUFACTURING CO. E. C. St. Jacques WAREHAM, MASS. Snapshot of Guy Potter and son, Rolland, now back on the Cutler Cranberry Co. marsh after service in U. S. Enlisted Reserve and as instructor for Army flyers. "RoUie" has his own plane; he is building runways at the marsh. Pruner Developed (Continued from Page 14) old-fashioned side delivery hay- rake, which, on a much larger scale, without a horse for motive power, it considerably resembles. The pruner cuts a swath 7 feet wide although the revolving blades really cover ten feet. The operator rides on a seat, as on the old-fashioned rake. The motive power is furnished, both to propel the pruner and to turn the cutting blades, by a Briggs & Stratton 6 h. p. motor. The ma- chine has three speeds forward and a reverse and the transmission is BO arranged it gives the blades three revolving speeds. The trans- mission was adapted from a mo- torcycle. No patent has been taken out on this pruner, its development being held for the common good of any grower who wishes to make a sim- ilar machine. PETITION A petition to have Dr. Henry F. Bergman remain in Massachu- setts throughout the winter months as he formerly did, until trans- ferred to Beltsvil'e, Maryland for those months a couple of years ago, is to be circulated. This is being gotten up by George E. Short, president of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association, and the hope that Dr. Bergman may be re-assigned by the USDA for winter work has been given approval by members of New England Cranberry Sales Com- pany. Dr. Franklin has been con- sulted with by Mr. Short and it is expected many other growers will underwrite the petition as soon as it is placed in circulation. CRANBERRY DIALOGUE ON BOSTON WNAC A dialogue concerning cranber- ries, "The 1945 Cranberry Out- look", was broadcast on the "Yan- kee Farm Journal", through Radio Station WNAC, Boston, September 26th, between Walter E. Piper of Massachusetts Dept. of Agricul- ture and Dorothy Crandall, New England News Service. Besides discussing the crop prospects the talk concerned the story (familiar to growers) of how the cranberry got its name, the fact that cran- berries found growing in the vi- cinity of Plymouth were used by early settlers, and that today estimates of investment in cran- berry properties in Massachusetts run close to 30 million dollars, exclusive of a'lied industries such as canning plants, etc. Comment was made upon the greatly in- creased amount of cranberries canned or otherwise processed. Seventeen Industry Thanked For Co-operation E. C. McGrew has received a 'etter from Melvin Goldberg, who has just succeeded John A. Rodda as chief of Insecticides and Fun- gicides unit, Inorganic Chemical Branch of War Production Board, expressing appreciation to the American Cranberry Exchange, which would include all members of the Cranberry Insecticide Commit- tee, Russell Makepeace, chairman, for its cooperation in cranberry in- secticide matters during the war. This committee, named in 1943, including Makepeace, Melville C. Beaton, A. D. Benson, Carl B. Urann, Ferris C. Waite, Ruel S. Gibbs, the late Chares S. Beck- with, Theodore H. Budd, Isaiah Haines, J. D. Holman, Vernon Goldsworthy and D. J. Crowley, and Dr. Franklin, representing all areas and divisions of the indus- try, both co-ops and independents, made trips to Washington and oth- erwise keep WPB informed of the minimum insecticide needs and re- quests during the emergency of the war. Efforts were headed up through the New York office of the Exchange under Mr. McGrew. Mr. Goldberg's letter in part said: "Successful termination of the Pacific war and consequent cancel- lation of many of the control or- ders about winds up the work of this Unit. "I would "ike to take this oppor- tunity to express my appreciation for the fine cooperation and sup- port which you have given this Unit as well as the War Pi'oduc- tion Board during the emergency period." Demonstrate Aircraft Landing Mat For Sanding At Jersey Meeting JARI POWER SCYTHE Cuts weeds, grass, brush Write for c'etails THE CLAPPER CO. FORMERLY NEW ENGLAND TORO CO. 1121 WASHINGTON ST. WEST NEWTON 65, MASS. PHONE BIGELOW 7go0 Eighteen Study of Sanding Was Fea- tured in Tour of Budd and Beebe Bogs, and Use of Sand Loader Also Shown Annual meeting of American Cranberry Growers Association at Pemberton, New Jersey, on Aug- ust 30th left the Jersey growers with a good deal of valuable in- formation, culturally in regard to sanding and mechanically concern- ing the use of aircraft landing mat in place of sanding plank, this lat- ter creating a great deal of lasting interest. The feature of the meeting was the tour of the bogs of Theodore H. Budd and the new bogs of Her- bert Beebe, this tour centering around the subject of sanding. Different aspects of sanding were featured, such as the response to sanding by five of the leading varieties, some young bogs that had been brought into heavy pro- duction the fifth season after panting. While sanding is an old and reliable procedure, it has many times been ineffectual in New Jer- sey because of complicating fea- tures such as the unusual fecundity of New Jersey bog weeds, faulty flooding or drainage or irriga- tion; inroads of false blossom and rot. As fast as these other fac- tors are being brought under con- trol, the benefits of sanding, it was demonstrated, stand out more conspicuously. The same situa- tion applies to bringing new plant- ings rapidly into bearing. Caico Rainmaker Portable Steel Pipe Buckner Sprinklers Overhead Irrigation Jari Power Scythe 36" Sickle Mower Milorganite Organic 6% Nitrogen Fertilizer THE CLAPPER CO. FORMERLY NEW ENGLAND TORO CO. 1121 WASHINGTON ST. WEST NEWTON 65, MASS. PHONE BIGELOW 7900 The use of the aircraft landing mat was discussed as being an economical way to sand bogs di- recfy from a flat-bottom truck by the method of laying planks or plank track upon the sanded part and driving the trucks directly from the sand pit out over the bog. If available at an economical price, aircraft landing planks may be preferred to wood planks be- cause of their durability and ease of handling. President "Joe" Pal- mer was responsible for the in- spiration, and Charles Doehlert of the Jersey Cranberry-Blueberry Laboratory promptly made con- tacts with manufacturers and was fortunate in obtaining three sam- ple planks for the growers. Grow- ers found the idea very interest- ing. Further efforts are being made to discover any remaining supply in the country. Dr. Doeh- lert feels that a simpler plank might be more useful as well as more economical, and it seems quite likely, he believes, that sev- eral large industries will discover that they need these steel strips for post-war uses and the strips may be available commercially at "ower cost. Three sections were obtained for the demonstration, these being made of aluminum, 1 ft. by 10 ft. They were interlocking, and pro- vided by the Aluminum Company of America. A demonstration was given of the Ford-Ferguson sand loading BETTER IRRIGATION With LESS WAIfR A Model For Every Pressure for Farm, OraSrd or Truck Garden. Eailly ond quickly itij|n»ecl on any irrigation pipe. Heavy duty Vmu and bronze contlructlen <.. i.nn oruStJ. Sond ond dirt proof. Wa* for long iervl ler lubricated quired. No wear out. M bulion V^rife, larings— no oil or great* r*> moving parts to rapidly lum coverage— even dhtri« CO ilut* end price; THE CLAPPER FORMERLY NEW ENGLAND TORO CO. 1121 WASHINGTON ST. WEST NEWTON 65, MASS. PHONE BIGELOW 7900 ' ^ BUCKNEp MANUFACTURING CO.(i, iai6 JSlackilone Ave., Fr««no, CaHtorale BUCKNER SPRINKLERS attachment, which tended to show that small growers could benefit by machine sand loading without large investment. These ma- chines were used this past season by George Kelley and Joseph White Darlington with much sat- isfaction. At this meeting, as the result of correspondence with Dr. Irving Langmur, noted physicist, Mr. Doehlert, in one of the most in- teresting talks of the day, was ab"e to explain the reasons for the ineffectiveness of smoke in pro- tecting plants from frost damage. This will be published in the Pro- ceedings of the Association short- ly, and it is hoped in this maga- zine. COVER PHOTO The suction-type picking ma- chine, shown on the cover, and de- veloped by A. V. And.erson of Grayland, Washington, has cre- ated widespread interest, pictures of it being published in many daily newspapers throughout the country, and it was commented on in Newsweek of Sept. 10 and spoken of over the radio by Kate Smith. It was developed with the aid of U. S. Rubber Company en- gineers, works on the principle of a vacuum cleaner, and is said to do the work of 50 handpickers. Details of Mr. Anderson's pick- er are not available as this is printed. Mr. Anderson, it may be remembered, is credited with hav- ing produced the record crop of cranberries per acre, this being in 1941 when he harvested 625 barrels on his two-acre bog. He had as many as 17 berries on a single upright. Photo and story of Mr. Anderson was printed in CRANBERRIES, July 1944. In the cover photo, Mr. Anderson is operating the forward picking nozzle. Photo is by Acme Photo Service. GROSSMAN'S A half century of service Materials Now Available WITHOUT PRIORITY Tel. New Bedford 5-7438 27 Ashley Boulevard We Have Listings of Cranberry Bogs, Large and Small FOR SALE Geo. A. Cole Agency WILDA HANEY Decas Block Wareham, Massachusetts ROBERT LENARI Real Estator Reed Avenue - - Manomet, Mass. Tel. Manomet 44-E Specializing in the Purchase and Sale of Cranberry Properties The SKINNER System of Irrigation For Cranberry Irrigation and Frost Protection Saitable piping and SKINNER SYSTEM.-simple, duralile, non-clogging UTILITY HEADS are now available for this work Send for folder showing head coverage and costs Overhead Irrigation Systems for All Purposes i THE SKINNER IRRIGATION CO. TROY, OHIO GEORGE N. BARRIE, New England Distributor BROOKLINE, MASSACHUSETTS NineteeD STOKELY . . . and the 1 945 Cranberry Sauce PacI^ . . STOKELY, at the New Bedford, Mass., Plant will pack Cranberry Sauce in quantity consistent with controlling conditions. STOKELY has packed Cranberry Sauce (with the exception of last year) at this modern New Bedford Plant since 1939, and prior to that purchased cranberries over a period of years from a large number of satisfied Massuchusetts growers. STOKELY Plans for postwar, as concerns packing Cranberry Sauce, contemp- late a program far exceeding any in the past. STOKELY prod- ucts, processed in 59 plants throughout the country, are nationally known and advertised, recognized for their high quality. STOKELY FOODS, Inc. 90 Riverside Avenue, New Bedford, Mass. R. F. APPLING, Manager General Offices: Indianapolis, Indiana -,.—.* Twenty COMES TO CCI which was a starting point for ex- tremely large berries. Home Economist Is Obtained For "Cranberry Kitchen" A new home economist, Miss Janet E. Crawford, formerly food editor of the Pittsburgh Sun Tele- graph, is a new addition to the "Cranberry Kitchen" staff of Cran- berry Canners, Inc. Miss Craw- ford, prior to being engaged by the Cooperative, was four years with the Pittsburgh Sun Telegram, where she wrote daily food col- umns. She has given food talks and demonstrations to women's clubs and other organizations, edited cook books, and prepared menus for readers. Before that she was in the home economics de- partment of the West Penn Power Company, helping to teach women to use electric equipment more ef- ficiently, and has also worked for the H. J. Heinz Company, both in the test kitchen and as a demon- strator. For Canners, Miss Crawford will develop new uses for Ocean Spray products and publicize them in various ways, newspapers, radio and in cooperation with food com- panies. Fresh from the Fields (Continued from Page 5) aster" of last year and to the fact that the 1945 crop is not a large ^Rainfall OflF— The August rain- fall was less than could have been desired for large size, and the month for temperature was a lit- tle hotter than desired, which would not benefit the quality. These factors, a little on the un- favorable side, would tend to off- set the exceedingly wann March, HEarly September Too Hot— The week from Labor Day, Sept. 3, was very warm and humid, and that hot streak was injurious to the keeping qua'ity. It was so hot that berries uncovered in box- es would have baked. On at least one bog, at the end of that week (Saturday) the temperature was 120 degrees. lINo Early Frosts — Tempera- tures remained high and weather humid until the middle of month (16th), with rainfall in general light, and consequently growers were not troubled with frost wor- ries the entire first part of the month. Weather bureau warning of possible light frost went out from Boston at 11 o'clock the even- ing of the 16th, but none from Dr. Franklin. lIFirst Frost— The first frost of the season, a light one, occurred on the morning of September 23, with Dr. Franklin the night before £,end;ng a forecast of 27. Temper- atures of 26 y2 were recorded at Carlisle, 27 at Norton, and 28 at East Wareham, other points in Plymouth County and on the Cape. Most growers did not feel it nec- essary to flow, and there was slight, if any damage anywhere. TIW eather Slows Harvest — Rains and muggy, damp weather contin- ued to interfere with getting the crop off, and an early start in picking had been more than lost by the end of the month. The harvest of Blacks actually was late, rather than early, as at one time appeared likely. ULabor Scarcity — Labor scarcity was the other major factor in the delay. There was no ample sup- ply showing up, as was the case in a pleasant surprise last year. Most growers could have used more pickers than they could scare-up. The German Prisoner of War labor, at first scarcely con- sidered at all necessary, proved to be a definite help. (See story else- where). HSummary — As the prospects of fast picking had vanished, so did the expected large size of the ber- ries. While many growers were harvesting large berries, many others could only report a little better than normal. Added to the lack of August rainfall was the unfavorable "cranberry weather" of September which "slowed down" the size factor. Neither were there snappy, cold nights to add extra color. Quality was called fair or good, however, at the end of September. It was a month of annoying damp weather, of hu- midity, labor shortages, and of re- luctance on the part of the crop to definitely be achieving the esti- mate previously set, although growers had not given up hoping it would. NEW JERSEY ULittle Change in Estimate — September weather was favorable for sizing up what berries there were, and seven days of rain dur- ing the first three weeks hindered picking to that extent, but fur- nished moisture at a time when it could have been well used by the vines. Color was developing un- usualy well. Up to the 22nd there was no serious threat of frost. With a considerable part of the Early Blacks picked toward the end of September, there seemed to be little indication which would materially change the estimate, given by the Government as 45,000 barrels. WISCONSIN URaking Very Late — Most grow- ers began to harvest the week of September 24th, very late, and at that time Goldsworthy was esti- mating the crop to be between 70 and 75 thousand barrels, this being below the August Government es- timate of 80,000. Earliest grow- ers to rake were finding they were, in most cases, fa'ling a trifle short of their estimates. ULabor Enough — Sufficient labor was anticipated to get the crop picked and off to market, and par- ticularly around the Rapids was the situation better than last year. HHeavy Fall Bud — Vines are budding very heavily, Goldsworthy reports, indicating that given nor- mal conditions there will be a good crop next season. WASHINGTON Not much picking was expected before October first, so late is the season, but as September ended D. J. Crowley was still figuring the crop to be about as earlier es- timates. Some bogs which pro- duced heavily the last year or two are slightly dov^Ti this year, but others that have been resting have come up. Berries on the whole, Mr. Crowley says, will be smaller and light colored. Late- ness in ripening of the crop, size and lightness of color are all due to the extraordinary coolness and lack of sun which affected the area all season. Days of fog exceeded any previous record. Report from the North Head Weather Bureau, near Long Beach, best telling the story is: Twenty-one "Cool and dry weather prevailed throughout the month, conclud- ing one of the coolest and the third driest summer of record. Only the summers of 1938 and 1883 had less rain and only five other summers were cooler. It was the driest August since 1931 and the coolest since 1917. There were no really warm days and northerly winds were unus- ually strong and persistent. The minimum temperature of 46.1° on the morning of the fifth came within 0.6 of equalling the all time low of 45.5° for August, established in 1928. August, like July, was marked by more than double normal number of foggy days. This makes a total of 44 foggy days for the three summer months, which far ex- ceeds any previous summer's record for excessive fog. The nearest approach to this record was in 1906, when there were 31 foggy days during June, July and August. LATE DEVELOPMENTS GOV. DEHYDRATED ORDER IS CUT OREGON HGeneral Start October 1 — Ber- ries were ripening very late and the season was fully three weeks behind schedule, color uneven and, on some marshes, very retarded and irregular. Picking on some properties began the week of Sep- tember 24, but in general harvest- ing was not expected to start un- til October 1. The Cranberry Industry Survey Committee met at the Hotel Com- modore, New York, September 17, following the fall meeting of di- rectors of the American Cranberry Exchange and the day previous to a meeting of directors of Cran- berry Canners, Inc., in New York. This session was held at a con- venient time, when committee members and directors of the two cooperatives could assemble easily and conveniently. A general and informal discus- sion of survey matters was held, and plans were made for a meeting in November after picking time, when members could better con- centrate upon the matter at hand. All eight members were present, and nearly 20 were represented in the discussion. Individuals were asked to present their views, the session lasting about two hours. Discussion was held of the over- all cooperative stock membership as outlined in the Booz, Al en & Hamilton survey, and also of the "American Cranberry Cooperative Exchange", the membership plan, conceived by A. D. Benson of New England Cranberry Sales Co., which was outlined in this maga- zine last month. A resolucion concerning this and any other proposals was passed. Cranberry FESTIVAL and DANCE Sponsored by AMERICAN LEGION AND AUXILIARY WAREHAM POST No. 220 Town Hall, Wareham, Mass. Friday, Nov, 2, 1945 — 8:00 P. M. The Massachusetts "GRANBERRY QUEEN" Will be chosen and crowned Amateur Program - Refreshments Cranberry Growers, come and vote for your choice of Queen. Adm. $1.10 (inc. tax) CUT ORDER Government requirement for de- hydrated cranberries from the 1945 crop is to be substantially reduced from the earlier announced figure of 1,000,000 pounds for the Quartermaster Corps to 315,000 pounds, M. L. Urann of Cranberry Canners, Inc., has been tentatively notified. This means that in- stead of Canners having to set aside approximately 100,000 bar- rels of its part of the crop for this purpose, only about 31,000 barrels will be needed. This will permit this quantity more of cran- berries to be packed as sauce for civilians, which he says should bring a better return to growers than if the quantity was dehydrat- ed for Government order, and that he is "very happy" to be able to say this reduction in the mili- tary requirement has come about this fall. "^PPTEMBER FROSTLESS UN- TIL THE VERY LAST NIGHT The past September apparently has hung up some sort of a record in regard to frost losses in Massa- chusetts, as but a single warning I-ad been sent out by Dr. Franklin prior to the very last night, when on Sunday, the 30th, he issued a warning of "killing frost, 21°". This frost came very early in the evening and lasted all night, with 21 being reported at Carlisle in Middlesex County and 23 very gen- erally in Southeastern Massachu- setts. This would have been in- jurious to berries on bogs with winter flood water pulled late and not reflooded for this frost, and damage was done in some in- stances. The change from the hot, often muggy weather which had prevailed all month came about with startling suddenness on Saturday afternoon when temper- atures were around 80, followed by rain Saturday night, clearing Sun- day, and with biting cold winds all day, pulling down the cold. What the rest of the October picking season will bring is a story not told, as this is written, but with a remarkably frostless Sep- tember it looked as if Massachu- setts might get off easy as con- cerns the fall, as well as the spring. Spring frost injury was estimated as less than five per cent even though it was a mighty trou- blesome spring frost season. Twenty-two Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK At Screenhouses, Bogs and Pumps Means Satisfaction ALFRED PAPPI WAREHAM. MASS. Tal. 6S Southwestern Oregon Club Cranberry Tour Successful FLEX-O-SEAL PORTABLE PRESSURE-TIGHT IRRIGATION PIPE • For Overhead Sprinkler Systems Showingr Flexibility of Pipe Joint Male End Female End Write Distributors below for full details: Miller Irrigation Co., Inc., Williamstown, N. Y. Lewis W. Barton, Haddonfield, New Jersey Farm Bureau Ass'n, 155 Lexington St., Waltham 54, Mass. Wm. Richards, Veg-Acre Farm, Forest- dale, Mass. Frank £. Shepard, Shepard Farms, Wood- bury, Conn. Ideal Equipment Co., 540 Grand Ave., Port Washington, Wis. Manufactured by Chicago Metal Mfg. Co., Chicago 32, III. By ETHEL KRANICK The cranberry tour organized under the auspices of the South- west Oregon Cranberry Club with the assistance of the County Ag- ent, George Jenkins, proved very helpful to the growers. The distinguished visitors for the day were: J. D. Crowley of the Washington State cranberry ex- periment station; Russell Adams of tjie Oregon State Extension Service in charge of agricultural labor; Robert Rieder, field ento- mologist from the Oregon State Extension Service, and J. W. Reed of the Agricultural Wage Stabil- ization Board. The tour August 30 began at the Bandon City Hall, where growers met, and were on their way to the first marsh by 10.15. The West- moor cranberry company marsh was chosen because it is one of the oldest bogs and presented a va- riety of problems, chief of which is cold wind. The second bog was that of Jack Seeber, which had been purchased from Ernest Storm. Mr. Seeber was worried about some damage he feared was insect work, but according to Mr. Crowley was drought.. Next marsh was that of W. S. Casey, which is fairly new and in fine condition, with a new overhead sprinkling system installed this season. Another stop was made THOMAS BROTHERS General Contractors MIDDLEBORO, MASS. Tel. Middleboro 772 Concrete Flumes and Pumpwells Transit Mix Concrete Complete Line of Construction Equipment Excavating - Grading - Hauling Leave the Tough Jobs for Us Our Experience is Your Guarantee near the original Stankavieh marsh where another sprinkling system was in operation, and, according to the opinion of Mr. Crowley, gave the marsh "the right amount of moisture." Stankavich's have a new marsh set out near the road on the opposite side. The last visit was to the Cape Blanco marsh, which is the per- sonal property of Marcus Urann, president of Cranberry Canners. The plants are well established, but vary some in different parts of the bog in the amount of side runners. Opinions vary as to the possible success of marshes of this type which are planted on black acid muck land, but those growers who have had some experience with this type of soil predict that it will turn out a good planting, inasmuch as overhead sprinkling has been installed and plenty of water available. The caravan met at the Wilson and Neilson marsh for a pot-luck dinner, and following the dinner the growers listened to comments by the visitors. Mr. Crowley was first introduced and his comment was, "I don't know a blooming thing about your bogs, and everything I say is only my snap judgment and is not some- thing I have proved by research." The gist of his comments were: Use more water; do not water too frequently, but longer hours; he suggested 7 to 8 hours every week or ten days (depending on kind of sprinkler heads); sand once in ev- WANTED CRANBERRY BOG FOREMAN Must be competent and who can assume some responsibility and pro- duce results. Year Round Job Top Salary to right party Apply "B", % CRANBERRIES MAGAZINE Wareham, Mass. Twenty-three ery four years after a marsh is ten years old; use three inches of sand when first sanding peat marshes, but use only one to one and a half inches on black muck soils. Uprights should measure one to one and a half inches above the berries in healthy fields, and, if shorter, fertilizer should be used, but he warned that too much fertilizer is detrimental to 'asting production. Mr. Adams and Mrs. Reed spoke on labor for the fall. Mr. Rieder was last to talk. He told the growers the new insecti- cide, DDT, had been released for general use, but warned to use it with extreme care on food crops, as it is toxic. He said that it should be used as directed by spec- ialists who had the right inform- ation concerning its use. Mr. Rie- der also suggested that growers should become "bug-catchers" and send in their bugs for identification and study, in order for him to be of more help in their problems. The tour ended at the Fish marsh where growers viewed labor saving devices manufactured by Mr. Fish and son, Sumner. They have constructed a shaker to re- move leaves and stems from the berries so they can be water- raked and sent to the cannery wet. Mr. Fish has a bumper crop and is preparing to take the whole crop off by water-raking and ma- chine picking. Growers were well pleased with the results of the first cranberry tour and voted to have a similar tour next year. Oregon growers are also planning to attend the "cranberry tour" in Washington next year, if possible. IN PEACE As in War, Electricity serves you efficiently, economically. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM Tel. 200 PLYMOUTH Tel. 1300 We Handle Cape Cod Cranberries Exclusively Growers using our service are assured of an outlet for their ENTIRE CROP AT TOP PRICES AND PROMPT RETURNS. Our connections supply both the ARMED FORCES and CIVILIAN TRADE with FRESH CRANBERRIES, CANNED SAUCE, and DE- HYDRATED CRANBERRIES. Serving the Cranberry Industry For Over 25 Years BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY Wareham, Massachusetts Tel. Warehatn 130 Twenty-four Before disposing of your crop of CRANBERRIES may we suggest that you contact our Cape Cod Rep- resentatives: Beaton's Distributing Agency We are in the market for good, sound cranberries, free from rots and spots, as "We pack only that Quality we will eat and serve to our own." MIN-OT FOOD PACKERS, Inc. Represented by BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY There Is No Ceiling ON COOPERATION For many years before the war, the cranberry growers found an annual answer to the annual problem — how to sell the crop. The answei was cooperation. In the war years there was no problem — but even then coop- eration helped keep prices and markets stabilized. This year we have the problems of ceiling prices and sugar shortage. What's the answer? COOPERATION! Working together we can assure stabilized prices and lessened market risks. American Cranberry Exchange iCKKtbtlN MINU AIN q>0,UUU,UUU A YtAK IINUUCJIKY [j rUOD ?4 :ape cod new jersey wisconsin OREGON WASHINGTON CRANBERRIES PHOTO HENRY F. BAIN -Scientist Worker in Cranberries November, 1945 25 cents The Motto of New Jersey is ''Liberty and Prosperity" For over fifty years the rights and privileges of the members of the Growers Cranberry Company have been protected by an efficient and well-organized Company and, through such organization, have enjoyed prosperity. Growers Cranberry Company, Inc. PEMBERTON, NEW JERSEY WISCONSIN MOVES FORWARD COOPERATION PAYS The WISCONSIN CRANBERRY SALES COM- PANY operates an experimental cranberry nursery. It carries on experimental scientific investigations on current cranberry problems. Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin w Not only the best But all the rest'' find a market through CCI A cranberry crop is made up of all kinds of berries — large, fancy, solid ones, and tenders, floats, pales, and pies. There was a time — and not many years ago — when there was a wide difference between the price of fresh berries and canning stock. The fancies brought the top price. The pies sold for several dollars less. Most of the others went to the waste pile. Now, because of cooperative canning, there is a market for all your cranberries at the top price. Canning has provided an outlet for pies, pales, tenders, hail- struck, and all the other berries which are sound fruit, but too weak to stand the rigors of fresh shipment. It has raised the price for all cranberries. It has increased your earnings per acre. It has provided a market for all your berries — not only the best, but all the rest. Doesn't this work deserve your support? CRANBERRY CANNERS, Inc. The Growers' Cooperative Canning Company Hanson, Mass. Onset, Mass. Plymouth, Mass. Dennis, Mass. Coquille, Oregon New Egypt, N. J. North Chicago, III. No. Harwich, Mass. Markham, Wash. Bordentown, N. J. Gumee, 111. Long Beach, Wash. SERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY ADAMS & GOULD Lumber Dealers "Everything Under Cover" East Wareham, Mass. Tel. Wareham 648 Building Material for Bog, Screenhouse and Home Uses Paints - Hardware Marinette & Menominee Box Co. Marinette, Wisconsin BOXES, BOX SHOOKS, CRATING WIREBOUND BOXES AND CRATES M & M's 64th Year Serving the Wisconsin Cranberry Growers CROP-SAVER brand INSECTICIDES FUNGICIDES For the Cranberry Crov/er CROP-SAVER CHEMICAL COMPANY, Inc. 2630 West Arthington St. Chicago 12, Illinois Cape & Vineyard Electric Company Offices : Chatham Falmouth Hyannis Vineyard Haven Established 184? Hall & Cole Incorporated Commission Merchants and Jobbers 94 Faneuil Hall Market 102 BOSTON, MASS. APPLES AND CRANBERRIES SPECIALTIES Car Lot Receivers The National Bank of Wareham Wareham, Mass. MEMBER FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION E. T. Cault Transportation Co. Wareham, Mass. Tel. 227 We are ready to give you any kind of cranberry bog construction service. Shovel — bulldozer — trucking — stump pulling — excavating — draghauling — canal and ditch digging. We have Sand, Loam and Gravel We Transport Cranberries Wood County National Bank Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin MEMBER FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION The PLYMOUTH NATIONAL BANK Plymouth Massachusetts Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS MASSACHUSETTS Call WAREHAM 162 S. G. M. Packard & Go. Hardware — Locksmiths For Maintenance Supplies Diesel Bulldozer E C. HOWES WEST WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. Wareham 405-W-2 Experienced in Bog Work Contact Us Massachusetts Native White Pine Used for Cranberry Boxes F. H. COLE Established 1707 Manufacturer of Wooden Boxes and Shocks North Carver, Mass. Tel. 46-5 Serving Western Cranberry Growers with High Quality Products Rotenone Pyrethrum Sabadilla Nicotine Copper Sprays Oil Sprays Lime Sulphur Solution Miller Products Company Portland 1, Oregon RAIN BIRD SPRINKLERS Pioneers in Cranberry Frost Protection and Irrigation Data from Rain Bird Sprinlder Mfg. Co. Glendora, Calif. L. R. Nelson Mfg. Go. Peoria, 111. Oregon — Washington- R. M. WADE OREGON CULVERT & PIPE Portland, Oregon Certificate of Meritorious Service Awarded Exchange A letter to the American Cran- berry Exchange from Lt.-Col. Wil- liam H. Dial of the Chicago Field Headquarters Perishable Branch of the U. S. Army Service, commend- ing the ACE for its wartime con- tribution to the Army feeding service during the war, fol.ows: 8 October 1945 American Cranberry Exchange 90 West Broadway New York City, New York Gentlemen: The Quartermaster Market Center Program has long been aware of the valuable contribu- tion many companies and indi- viduals have been making to- wards supplying perishable foods to the Armed Forces of the United States. That we have not taken official cognizance of this service heretofore has been due to press of time rather than to any lack of appreciation. Now that the War has been victor- iously concluded and we can take time to reflect on what has been accomplished, certain names stand out as having performed long and loyally in the work of supplying perishable foods to the Armed Forces. Your firm is one of those who has been exceptional in their contribution to the success of the Armed Forces feeding pro- gram of this war. In times of scarcity of product, materials The People's National Bank & Trust Co. Pemberton, , New Jersey Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and labor, you have always .readily assumed more than your ' share of the responsibility of supp'ying our boys in uniform with fine quality food. In sincere appreciation of your splendid efforts, the Quarter- master Market Center Program takes pleasure and pride in pre- senting to your firm our "Certi- ficate of Meritorious Service." With this Certificate please ac- cept our best wishes for your continued success in the future. Yours very truly, William H. Dial, Lt. Colonel, Q. M. C. CELLOPHANE PACK IN MASSACHUSETTS Three units are packing fresh berries in cellophane in Massachu- setts this fall, the A. D. Make- peace Company, New England Cranberry Sales Company and the J. J. Beaton Company. Extent of the cel'ophane pack is not deter- mined, but demand for cranberries in this convenient form is even stronger than when the first cran- berries were so put up a few years ago. A. D. M. company is to pack more in cellophane than in quarter-barrel boxes for the fresh fruit trade and also is pro- cessing the dehydrated "Crannies". Extent of the NECS Co. pack be- gan late in October and this year is being done at Plymouth, where the machines have been set up in the building occupied by Cranberry Canners, Inc. Beaton company is to pack as many as will be avail- able at its packing house at South Wareham. Three Dr. Fre3~B. CnariHler AppointecJ Research Professor, Experiment Station At East Wareham, Mass. F-. J. Sievers, director Agricul- tural Experiment Station, Massa- chusetts State College, announces that Dr. F. B. Chandler, who has been associated with the United States Department of Agriculture and stationed at Pemberton, New Jersey, in charge of the cranberry hybrid program, has been ap- pointed to the position of Reseai'ch Professor at the Experiment Sta- tion at East Wareham. Dr. Chandler is expected to begin his services about the middle of Jan- uary, and his appointment gives Dr. Frankln two full-time associ- ates, as it is expected Dr. Chester E. Cross will resume his work there, possibly ift February, after he is discharged from the Army. Dr. Franklin plans to give Dr. Chandler charge of the adminis- tration of the station, which will give the former more time to spend upon research. Dr. Chand- ler is a horticulturist and minored in plant breeding and genetics and his general scientific training wou'd enable him to make the studies in agronomy which is held to be a vital need of Massachusetts growers. Dr. Cross has special- ized in weed control. Mr. Sievers declares that only after a most careful search to provide a man most suited for the requirements at the East Wareham Station was Dr. Chandler select- ed. He feels certain an excellent choice has been made and is "quite enthusiastic about the de- ve'opments that should be possi- ble under the services that will be developed through injecting into our research a somewhat new slant, thus enlarging our activities to include such studies in plant nu- trition as have previously been given only limited consideration." Dr. Chandler is not unknown to Massachusetts growers. He was a speaker at the August meeting of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association and has made visits to Massachusetts and met some of Four the g r o w e r s. Dr. Chandler (CRANBERRIES, Dec. 1944) was born in Machias, Maine, attended schools there, and was graduated from University of Maine as horti- culturist in 1928. He then served on the U. of M. staff, working on the study of low-bush blueberries. He has done graduate work at Massachusetts State College, Uni- versity of Chicago, University of Minnesota and the University of Maryland, where in 1929 he re- ceived his Ph. D. For ten months he was also on the staff at Massa- chusetts Institute of Technology, from June of 1943 until April of 1944, when he entered the employ of the USDA and was assigned to New Jersey to head up the cran- berry cross-breeding program. He is married and has two sma'l children. A. E. Bennett Of Wisconsin Passes On at 83 Wisconsin cranberry growers are mourning the 'oss of Arthur E. Bennett, one of the earlier Wis- consin pioneer growers, one of the most respected growers in the en- tire industry, and president of the Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Com- pany, who died at Rice Lake, Wis- consin, October 26. Mr. Bennett was 83. Associated with the cranberry industry since 1880, when he went into partnership with his father, A. C. Bennett, one of the men to start growing cranberries in Wis- consin, Mr. Bennett was recog- nized everywhere as an authority upon matters pertaining to cran- berries, and he was a leader in the development of the industry in his state. Mr. Bennett was a vet- eran member of the Wood County Board of Supervisors; in contin- uous service since 1898 he made his impression upon community ~a5fair¥, aTwel! as in the crantierry industry. Of Mr. Bennett's death the Wis- consin Rapids Daily Tribune wrote editorially: The community mourns the death of Arthur Ervin Bennett, one who has had a long and wholesome influence upon the cranberry industry and govern- ment in Wood county. Follow- ing in the footsteps of his fath- er, Mr. Bennett made a science of raising cranberries and came to be an outstanding authority in this field. His foresight and progressiveness ever will leave their mark upon this area. As chairman of the town of Cranmoor and member of the County board for many years, Mr. Bennett contributed gener- ously of his time and wisdom to local legislative affairs. He was one to hear out all sides of a question and earned the respect of al, as he voiced a conclusion dictated by what he conscien- tiously thought would be best for the people as a whole. As a re- sult, Mr. Bennett's friends are legion and his works are death- less. An account of Mr. Bennett was published in CRANBERRIES last June, he and Mrs. Bennett having prior to that celebrated their 50th wedding anniversary. Mr. Ben- nett, known as "Dad" Bennett, was Wisconsin's "Grand Old Man" of the ci-anberry industry. To mention the highlights of his career, his father and he start- ed with an original 40 acres of wild land in what is now Cran- moor, near Wisconsin Rapids. This was increased approximately a total of 800, of which 68 were in vines. Aside from the "home marsh" he had a quarter interest in the Elm Lake Cranberry Com- pany marshes, also in Cranmoor, and was president and manager of that enterprise. A. C. Bennett died in 1919 and A. E. took his son Ermon (CRAN- BERRIES, August 1943) into part- nership in 1926, following the death of an elder son, the firm be- coming A. E. Bennett & Son. Later he acquired acreage for a marsh at Rice Lake, where he maintained a summer home, and (Continued on Page 11) '■•rtw m ' ■■ ' ' ' ' Issue of November, 1945 — Vol. 10, No. 7 Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop, Main St., Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscription $2.50 per year. Entered as second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post office at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3, 1879. FRESH FROM THE FIELDS By C J. H. Total Country Crop 634,000 Bbls., Oct. Gov't Report October Government estimates place the total cranberry crop as 634,000 bbls., a change of but 10,100 bbls. from the original Aug- ust estimate, this change being a drop of 10,000 in Wisconsin, where the very late conditions of the summer season developed only a light set and small berries. Mas- sachusetts remains unchanged with 470,000; New .Jersey still was given 45,000; Wisconsin 70,000 in- stead of 80,000, Washington 36,- 400 and Oregon, 12,700. "Final pattern" in Jersey was called uncertain, due to losses from rot and soft berries; the 45,000 figure is but 51 per cent of the 10- year average. On the Pacific har- vesting had scarcely begun when the report was being tabulated. Concerning Massachusetts, the re- port gave berries as moderately large in size, with quality and keeping prospects average or bet- ter. Worm damage was the light- est in the past ten years. DEMAND "FURIOUS" Demand for berries was never so brisk and all shippers were be- hind in meeting customers' or- ders. The 1945 crop will be c'eaned up in short order, with not many berries left for Christ- mas trade, at least that was the outlook at end of October unless fruit was being held after it left the growing areas, and there would be no point in holding for higher prices with ceilings set. The last week in October saw 447 cars shipped by rail from Massachusetts, according to New Haven road records, as compared to 155 for corresponding date last year. J. J. Beaton Distributing Agency, Wareham, had "enough orders to take care of next year's crop". In the 'ast week in October an order had been received by (Continued on Page 21) Processed Ceiling $16.02 Base The ceiling price on cranberries for canning has been announced by Chester Bowles, OPA daminisra- tor, effective October 24, and is based on a §3.00 a barrel differ- ential between the cost to the grower of disposing of his crop fresh or for canning. The |3.00 figure is allowed on the cost of shipping boxes, sorting, handing, and any other labor charges. The ceiling of fresh cranberries, first period, basing point, Ware- ham, Massachusetts (other areas slightly higher, as last year, al- lowing for freight to provide the same retail in markets every- where), was $18,80 a barrel, rising to $20.60 at end of season, with the all-season average to be $19.60 gross. Taking the $3.00 differ- ential into consideration, OPA named $16.02 as the base price for figuring canning prices, as has been previously indicated. Last year's processing base was $22.38. Cranberry Industry Committee To Hold November N. Y. Meeting The Cranberry Industry Com- mittee of eight is to meet in New York during November. With harvest season out of the way, members can begin again to con- centrate on matters brought to the fore by the Booz, Allen & Harhilton Survey. The action of the committee at the "informal" meeting at Hotel Comodore, New York, at which di- rectors of ACE and CCI present, both meeting in that city at that time, was a resolution. It follows: "RESOLVED: that the Cran- ben'y Growers Industry Com- mittee is authorized to invite Mr. John B. Quarles and Mr. Karl D. Loos to act as counsel to prepare and submit a set-up for an association of coopera- tives for the marketing of all products of the cranberry indus- try, and in connection herewith the Planning Committee of the New England Cranberry S^les Company is invited to attend and present their views, and that any other interested cranberry grow- er is invited to do the same." The New England Cranberry Sales Company, at its regular meeting August 17th, voted that a plan for an "association of co- operatives", as out'ined by Man- ager A. D. Benson, be submitted to the ludustry Committee and to the other two state companies for consideration, and that the New England association "approved" it to this extent. Working on this plan with Mr. Benson were Ruel S. Gibbs, chairman, L. B. R. Bar- ker, both former presidents, and E. L. Bartholomew. This plan was outlined in major detail . in the September issue of CRAN- BERRIES. Date for the November meet- ing had not been set, as this was written. Five Henry F. Bain, Respected Scientist In Cranberries Tremendously Interested in Long-Range Value of Cross- Breeding Program — Now Privately Engaged in Wisconsin By CLARENCE J. HALL The quiet, slow voice of Henry F. Bain, Tennessee born, former Uiiited States Department of Agriculture pathologist and now in private cranberry employ in Wisconsin, is one of the mightiest in the cranberry industry. The thoughts and conclusions of this man, written or spoken, are accorded the highest respect. He has engaged in cranberry re- search work in Oregon and Washington State, at Washington, D. C, in Wisconsin, in New Jersey, and now again in Wisconsin. Less known in Massachusetts — except by reputation and because of his papers — he is recognized as one of the top scientific workers in the cranberry world. He has been a leader in the cranberry hybrid program. His scien- tific papers have appeared in various publications. A list of them ap- pears below.* Mr. Bain was born in Knoxville, the son of Professor Samuel M. Bain, head of the department of botany at the University of Ten- nessee for more than 25 years un- til his death. He started his higher education "aiming at for- estry". In this aim he feels he was undoubtedly influenced by the environment in which he lived as a boy, mountainous and forested, and by his own interest in an out- of-door life. He started in a course of engineering and received his degree in arts at Tennessee. He then entered Brown University at Providence, R. I., and took a post-graduate course in 1916 in plant pathology, receiving his mas- ter's degree in 1917. Wounded, World War I Then came World War I, and he was drafted for service as a pri- vate, "not even first class", he says, being assigned to the infan- try, 37th Division. Drafted to fill an unfi'led quota from Rhode Is- land, he was quick'y sent overseas. He served actively, and in the Battle of the Argonne was wound- ed severely by shrapnel and was ■ hospitalized for a year, being re- leased in September, 1919. Deciding to enter Government agricultural employ, he started with the Federal Horticultural Board (now the Bureau of Ento- mo'ogy and Plant Quarantine). After two or three years he was transferred to what was then the Office of Fruit Disease Investiga- tions, where he was associated with Dr. Neil E. Stevens and Dr. C. L. Shear. In this work he was given his first contact with cran- berries. He was sent to the West Coast to study plant diseases, chiefly at the request of Oregon cranberry growers in Clatsop County, among those being the most influential in getting him there, the late John S. 1926 — Cranberry Disease Investiga- tions on the Pacific Coast. U. S. Dept. Agr. Bui. 1434. 1927-1929 — StoraKe Rots of Cranber- ries in the 1926. 1927, 1928 Crop. Jun- ior author with N. E. Stevens, Phytopa- thology 17:1927, 18:1928. 19:1929. 1929 — Cranberry Industry in Wiscon- sin. Wis. Dept. Agr. Bui. 96. 1929 — Life History and Pathological Aspects of Godronia cassandrae Peck fFussicoccum putrefaciens Shpar) on Cranberry. Junior author with C. L. Shear. Phytonathology 19. 19.31. Fungus Diseases of the Culti- vated Cranberry. Junior author with C. h. Shear and N. E. Stevens. U. S. Dept. Agr. Technical Bulletin 268. 1933 — Cross Pollinating the Cranberry. Proc. Wisconsin State Cranberry Grow. Assoc. 47th Annual Meeting. 1937 — Production of Synthetic Mycor- Six rhiza in the Cultivated Cranberry. Journ. Agricultural Research 55. 1940 — Origin of Adventitious Shoots in Decapitated Cranberry Seedlings. Botanical Gazette 101. 1941. Periclinal and Total Poly- ploidy in Cranberries induced by Col- chicine. Junior author with Haig Der- men. Amer. Soc. Horticultural Science 38. 1942 — Harvesting and Handling Cul- tivated Cranberries. With H. F. Berg- man and R. B. Wilcox. U. S. Dept. Agr. Farmers Bui. 1882. 1944 — A General Cytohistological Study of Colchicine Polyploidy in Cran- berry. Junior author with Haig Der- men. Amer. Journal of Botany 31. 1944 — Sectorial Polyploidy and Phyl- lotaxy in the Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) With Haig Dermen. Amer. Journal of Botany 1944. Dellinger of Warrenton, who was then starting to grow cranberries. This was in 1922-25. He was there four years, making his chief hearquarters at the Dellinger marsh. Although his work was mostly in Oregon, it extended across the Columbia river into the cranberry area of Washington, at and around Long Beach and II- waco. This region was then the principa' cranberry center of the Pacific Northwest. His work there was entirely on plant diseases and fungus rots. D. J. Crowley at about that time also started his work on cranber- ries, establishing the Washington State Cranberry Laboratory at Long Beach, and the two frequent- ly worked together. The name of Bain, since that time, is always spoken with respect in these states, and it is not long in any conversation with any of the older growers before there will be ref- erence to the work he did while in that region more than 20 years ago. Pol'owing this he left Federal employ and transferred to Wis- consin, where he was with the Wisconsin Department of Agricul- ture. He arrived in the spring of 1926 and remained there nearly four seasons. His headquarters was at Wisconsin Rapids and he was engaged principally in the extension service type of cran- berry work. However, he had specific authorizaation by the state to engage in cranberry studies of experimental value. He was succeeded by the late Laur- ence M. Rogers. Permitted to rec- ommend an assistant for Mr. Rog- ers, he selected Vernon Golds- worthy, then at University of Wis- consin, who later wrote his mas- ter's thesis upon "Cranberry False B'ossom". Leaving Wisconsin state full- time employment, he again became associated with Federal work and entered the re-organized Division of Fruit and Vegetable Crops and Diseases. His headquarters was at Beltsville, Maryland, just out- side Washington, and his work was principally confined to cranberries. Summers, until 1937, he spent back in Wisconsin on further cranberry studies. This work also brought him in cTose contact with cran- berries in New Jersey, and in 1943 he spent the entire summer there. A most important contribution of Mr. Bain to the cranberry indus- try has been his work in connec- tion with the cranberry cross- breeding project. This was begun in 1929, a combined operation by the USD A and the New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station, with Mr. Bain, Dr. H. F. Bergman and R. B. Wilcox representing the former and the late Charles S. Beckwith the state. From the nursery plantings at Whitesbog, New Jersey, material was extend- ed to Massachusetts and Wiscon- sin. Mr. Bain wrote a valued article upon this vital project — having as its purpose cranberries with more desirable horticultural character- istics (and more resistant to fa'se blossom)— for CRANBERRIES, March, 1940, and again was kind enough to prepare a "progress re- port" which appeared in the issue of June, 1943. Dr. F. B. Chandler (CRANBERRIES, December 1944) has now been assigned by Dr. W. W. Aldrich, heading the Fruit Pro- duction Section of the USDA Fruit and Vegetable Crops and Diseases division, to carry this major work to a conclusion, and Dr. Chandler is at Pemberton, engaged in this. He once again severed his con- nection with the USDA, at the end of 1943, going to his present work in Wisconsin where he is em- ployed in scientific cranbei-ry work by Cranberry Lake Development Company (A. H. Hedler) ; Biron Cranberry Company (Guy C. Nash) ; and by Charles L. Lewis at the Badger and Midwest Cran- berry Company marshes. Although actually private'y employed by the three companies, his work is of value to all Wisconsin growers, as it is agreed that results of his re- searches may be placed at dis- posal of others. He also is con- tinuing his interest in the cross- breeding project, as the hybrids growing in Wisconsin are on the marsh of Mr. Nash, who had set aside a portion of his acres at Biron for this purpose. In his work, Messrs. Nash, Hedler and Lewis gave him very free scope to experiment, even though some of the research will not be of any value to them immediately. The hybrids on the Biron marsh remain the property of the Federal Government, and in his experi- ments Mr. Nash has the active co- operation of the Wisconsin Depart- ment of Agriculture, University of Wisconsin, and the Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Co. The project, however, is definitely in Mr. Bain's hands. He plans to extend this cross-breeding work, using the seedlings with the consent of the USDA. Crass-Breeding a Long Range Program Mr. Bain has great faith in the coming value of this cross-breed- ing program. But if growers ex- pect any immediate revolutionary changes due to new varieties, they seem due for disappointment. Thi.s is absolutely a long range pro- gram, "years long", he says. The program has, however, made much progress, and a point has been reached where future possibilities and even probabilities may be out- lined. "I am entirely satisfied we can develop varieties of cranberries which will be the kind of cranber- ries growers want, even for spe- cific purposes. I think we are at the stage now where we definitely know how to proceed to eventually get almost any kind of berry wanted. "I think we know how to go about breeding to obtain flavor, color, size, weight or shape of berry. That is, we could develop a berry which wou'd be most suit- ed to canning purposes, or a berry to be sold on the fresh market. For instance, in canning we would want a round and weighty berry, as at least two of the desired characteristics. For this berry, specifically for canning purposes, we might use as parents the Cen- tennial and McFarlin or McFarlin and Prolific varieties. Vose's Pride as a parent gives great vine vigor and many of its seedlings have berries with high gloss and may be expected to produce useful varieties for "savannah" soils of New Jersey. We cou"d definitely set about to develop a variety which has a heavy yield, and we could work toward a berry which posseses long keeping qualities." Mr. Bain squelches any idea a grower may get that varieties bred for specific purposes will be available shortly in commercial volume. Even though it is now known how to go about producing berries with qua'ities definitely desired, getting these berries into production in quantity is another matter. The developing part of the process is long, he points out, and it will take even longer for the new varieties to be generally accepted, planted and matured. It will take time before a new variety can be positively recom- mended for a specific purpose, and then most gi-owers will probably went to see these new varieties given the test of time — over a period of years — before they will rip out present varieties and re- plant, or plant the new varieties extensively on new bog. He points to the slow accept- ance of the Searles variety in Wisconsin as a proof of this. The Searles was developed more than 50 years ago and its good qual- ities were then apparent. Yet it is only in the past two decades that Wisconsin growers have come to plant Searles in suflncient acre- age to really influence the Wis- consin crop. The Early Black was not generally accepted in Massa- chusetts immediately after its development. Sold on Wisconsin's Carnberry Future Mr. Bain for the present is defi- nitely settled in Wisconsin and is thoroughly convinced on the sound future of Wisconsin cranberry growing. His fami'y is at Wis- consin Rapids with him. Mrs. Bain, whom he married in 1921, as does 'Mr. Bain, considers herself as "from Tennessee". Yet actu- ally she was born in Brazil, the daughter of a missionary, and her earlier years were spent there, but her antecedents are Tennessee. The Bains have two sons, Rich- ard and Robert, who are attending school at Wisconsin Rapids High, while an older son. Staff Sergeant Henry F. Bain, Jr., who was a tail gunner in a bomber in the Pacific, was killed in action over Mindoro (Continued on Page 10) Seven Province of Quebec, Canada, Has Maturing Cranberry Bog Wild Berries Gathered by Early Settlers, But at "Ferme Experimentale" Are Cultivated Massachusetts Vines. By CLARENCE J. HALL Cultivated cranberries, to the quantity of 200-250 barrels, were expected to be harvested from about 12 acres in bearing in the Province of Quebec, Canada, this fall. Not a large quantity, to be sure, but they were produced on vines which came from the United States (Massachusetts) and the harvesting of this first full crop marks something new in cultivated crops for this province of Canada and an extension of the cranberry industry. To delve a little into history, is to find that wild cranberries are by no means new for Quebec, and that the "wild" cranberry has a'ways been picked and consumed there. This harvesting has presumably been going on since the time of the first settlers. In fact, it is a matter of record that wild cran- berries were served in Quebec in the middle of the 18th century. This is established through the writings of Peter Kalm, published in 1770. Peter Kalm was the son of a Finnish c'ergyman (Finland then being a part of Sweden) and he was sent to the New World by the Swedish Academy of Science in 1748. Kalm first went to New Jersey and then travelled in North America for about four years, in- cluding a visit to Canada, return- ing to write "Peter Kalm's Travels in America." Of foods served at Quebec he wrote: " fruits and sweetmeats are served, which are of many dif- ferent kinds, viz.: walnuts from France or Canada, either ripe or pickled, almonds, raisins, several kinds of berries which are ripe in the summer season, such as cur- rants, red and black, and cranber- ries which are preserved in tre- acle." To get back to the story of this Province of Quebec cultivated cranberry bog, the story began Eight when Edgar Larocque, a wholesale dealer in fruits and vegetables in Drummondsville, became interest- ed in the possibililies of cranberry cultivation. Mr. Larocque not ony sells, but himself grows much of the produce, having, for instance, ten acres of potatoes. Mr. Larocque in years past had imported cranberries from the United States for resale and he has also hired pickers to go out in the natural swamps and pick the wild berries, which he has sold on the Montreal market. But on the cultivated, imported berries he has to pay an import tax and freight rates for the long haulage. With cranberries growing naturally about he wondered why he himself could not grow cultivated cran- berries right in Canada in his own vicinity. Cranberries have probably never been cultivated in that part of Canada, and to obtain some cultur- al information Mr. Larocque got in touch with the agricultural de- partment of his province and a'so made a trip to the heart of the cranberry country, which meant Southeastern Massachusetts, and specifically the Massachusetts State Experiment Station at East Wareham, and in particular, Dr. Henry J. Franklin. This was several years ago and he did obtain information, cran- berry bulletins, and ordered some vines from the Lowell Cranberry Company in Middlesex County, where vines are free from any taint of false blossom. He bought both Early Blacks and Howes. He cleared land and then made bog, working with a caterpi'lar tractor and a bulldozer. He selected a particular site after a long, long search for suitable land with a suitable water supply. Land suitable to cranberries was not too difficult a problem, but the water supply was another story. At the town of Lemieux, outside Drummondville, he finally found just what he wanted. Here was a pond and brook, which when dammed provided nearly 100 acres of reservoir, and this pond is backed up by a swamp which it keeps full. The peat was rich and black, about six to eight feet deep. The soil at Lemieux was also good for garden produce, which was an- other asset. An area of about five acres was first cleared and a reservoir built .- up. The bog was diked and ditched and spread with about three inches of sand, as is done on the Cape. Three other bogs have since been added, bringing the to- tal acreage now under cranberry cultivation up to 20. As the project went on, Mr. La- rocque felt the need for more cap- ital and obtained it by forming a company of about half a dozen stockholders. The company oper- ates under the name of "Les Pro- ducteurs de Quebec, Limitee," or in English, "Quebec Producers, Limited," and the farm address is "Ferme Experemental," Le- mieux, the business office at Drum- mondsville. In the fall of 1943, Mr. La- rocque's son, Charles, made a visit to the Massachusetts cranberry area, conferred with Dr. Franklin, and made a tour of some of the bogs through Carver and Ply- mouth. He was considerably dis- couraged by the contrast in grass and weeds between his Canadian property and the fine bogs of Car- ver. In the spring of '44 he took the water off and, as he says, "it looked very bad and we did not know if we should keep on with it, so we decided to try to get an expert from Cape Cod." Through the late John J. Beaton of Ware- ham, young Mr. Larocque met L. B. Handy of Wareham, who ac- cepted an invitation to go up and visit and help with advice. Dur- ing the same summer Mr. Handy went up with Herbert Dustin and Robert Pierce, growers of West Wareham, and Larocque followed the advice given. This summer young Larocque again visited the Cape, and in August Dr. Franklin, Dr. Neil E. Stevens, with Messrs. Handy and Dustin, made a trip to Drum- mondsviile, and the Larocques were given further expert Cape Cod cranberry advice. In a letter to this magazine, Charles La- rocque writes: "We had a lot of sound advice, which we have en- deavored to follow the best we can, and we owe a lot to these gentlemen because the bog started to look better from the day we had their valued advice." Dr. Franklin did criticize the water supply, as he found it was inadequate for complete frost con- trol in that far northern region. Now a dike 3000 feet long is being built which will triple the capacity of the lake. Lemieux is in Nicolet County, about half way between Mon- treal and Quebec, some fifteen miles in a straight line south of the St. Lawrence river. The reg- ion around is made up chiefly of small farms. Wild cranberries, and particularly blueberries grow in quantity. There is some lum- bering, and Mr. Laroque, besides his farming and produce business, operates a saw mill. There are red deer and other game, includ- ing bear. The population is pre- dominantly French Canadian. This is country where the snow lies continuously on the ground all winter from mid-November until spring, and the low blueberry bushes only bear where they are covered by snow during the cold- est of the months. The temper- ature gets down to 45 below zero. With this bitter winter temper- ature cranberry bog sanding is a simple matter, as heavy ice is pro- vided practically all winter. The sand is hauled out on the frozen bog by sleds drawn by tractor and spread directly from the sleds. The one drawback to the sanding program at Lemieux is that sand has to be hauled a considerable distance. But labor is cheaper in the Province than in the cranberry areas of the States. How the growing of cranberries in this latitude will work out is still a matter to be decided. The Larocques do feel certain that if cranberries can be grown in the Quebec climate there is great demand and ready market for all they can produce. If they ■'&„' can produce there at a cost which compares favorably with cranber- ries grown in the United States they can sell them at decided ad- vantage, without import tax and long haulage charges. CRANBERRY SCOOPS and SCREENINGS First Government order for fresh cranberries shipped was that of a car of Eatmor fruit sent roll- ing out of Middleboro, Mass., on October 10th to California, its final destination Pearl Harbor. This was for Army, Navy and other Government person nel Thanksgiving dinner. The car sent held a fine lot of late Howes from the Carver bog of Smith- Hammond Company. ***** Look for an illustrated article upon Massachusetts cranberries, pictures taken in and around Mid- dleboro in Parade magazine about Thanksgiving. Also Fortune mag- azine, that ultra in publications, is considering the possibilities of a write-up on the cranberry indus- try. At least a representative has been around the cranberry area of Massachusetts and photos have been taken at the Atwood bog, South Carver. ***** If Massachusetts growers think they finished picking late this year, let them give a thought to "Joe" Palmer of New Jersey, who doesn't expect to be through until about the middle of November. That has been his experience the past two or three years. Answer to his being so late is lack of pick- ers, and the reason he can't get more is because in his particular area at New Gretna local workers can fatten up their pocketbooks more at the present high wages made in clamming and getting other shellfish. Cranberry picking can't compete when a couple of men can take in enough shellfish to net $150 in one day. Dr. Fred B. Chandler of Pem- berton, New Jersey, was a brief visitor at the State Experiment Station at East Wareham, confer- ing with Dr. Franklin on October 15th. ***** Dr. Clarke, who is an instruc- tor at the New Jersey State Col- lege at Rutgers, and Mr. Alexson, foreman of the Guy C. Myers cranberry property at Long Beach, Washington, were in Massachu- setts, where on October 23 they visited packing houses. Accom- panied by "Joe" Kelley they in- spected the West Wareham pack- ing house of New England Cran- berry Sales Company, the Atwood screenhouse at South Carver, the huge J. J. Beaton packing house at South Wareham, and that of L. B. R. Barker at Buzzards Bay. ***** Edward Crabbe, prominent New Jersey grower (Double Trouble Co.) has resigned as commodore of the Toms River Yacht Club, third oldest in the country. Mr. Crabbe has served as president of this important yachting group for the past 17 years. Nine foo4 chopper with cranberries and or- anges. •Or use 1 cup maple syrup or Va cup honey. NO-SUGAR CRANBERRY FRUIT PIE 2 cups orange marmalade 2 apples, peeled and sliced 3 cups fresh cranberries 2 tablespoons cornstarch 2 tablespoons cold water 1 baked pie shell (9 inch) 2 egg whites 3 tablespoons corn syrup Heat marmalade: add apple slices and cook gently for 3-4 minutes. Add cran- berries ; continue cooking until cranberry skins pop open — about 10 minutes. Blend cornstarch and water to a smooth paste; add to cranberry mixture; cook, stirring constantly. until filling is slightly thickened and clear. Cool; pour into baked pie shell. Beat egg whites stiff, gradually adding corn syrup while beating. Pile meringue in ring around edge of pie; bake in slow oven (325 F.) until golden — about 15 minutes. Easy On the Sugar Barre (Editor's Note — The following is a news release sent out by Batten, Barton, Durstine & Osborn, Inc., New York, advertising agency co- operating- with American Cran- berry Exchange in the Eatmor ad- vertising campaign this fall, ac- companied by the above proto- graph showing fresh cranberries, in bulk and packaged in cellophane, displayed in the market with syr- up as a suggested substitute for sugar.) displaying fresh cranberries with related items like corn syrup, thrifty citrus marmalades — so prevalent on the market — fruit jel- lies, jams, pancake syrups, etc. Merchants can promote quick turn- overs by suggesting to customers to make their favorite fresh cran- berry sauces the thrifty sugar- saving way. To help retail . merchants sell cranberries this sugar-short year, the Eatmor Cranberry Growers are stressing sugar-saving in all advertising copy scheduled to ap- pear in magazine and newspaper supp'ements and trade journals this fall. The popular consumer favorites, ten-minute Cranberry Sauce and Cranberry-Orange Relish, can be made with half sugar and half corn syrup, while old-fashioned cran- berry pie takes up a new flavor life when sweetened with citrus marmalade and no sugar! Retailers can pick up sales by TEN-MINUTE CRANBERRY SAUCE 1 cup corn syrup* {dark or white) 1 cup sugar 1 34 cups water 4 cups fresh cranberries Boil corn syrup, sugar and water to- gether 5 minutes. Add cranberries and boil, without stirring, until all the skins pop open — about 5 minutes. Remove from heat and allow the sauce to remain in saucepan until cool. Makes 1 quart sauce. *0r use 1 cup maple syrup or honey. cup CRANBERRY-ORANGE RELISH 4 cups fresh cranberries 2 oranges 1 cup sugar 1 cup corn syrup* (dark or white) Put cranberries through food chop- per. Quarter whole oranges, remove seeds and put through chopper. Add sugar and syrup and mix well. Chill in refrigerator a few hours before serving. Makes 1 Vi quarts relish. This sauce will keep well in the refrigerator for sev- eral weeks. For extra zip, add Vz lemon, with seeds removed; put through Henry F. Bain (Continued from Page 7) Island, in the Philippines, June 18, 1945. Mr. Bain, as does every thor- ough scientific worker, takes a long-range view of his labors. He likes to think of his work in the cross-breeding program as "the most important thing I am doing". He feels that Messrs. Nash, Lewis and Hedler, in giving him free scope to pursue scientific research from which they may reap no bene- fit, or, at least, not immediate, should have the respect of fellow growers for their unselfish spirit. Ihey, in fact, are welling he shou d do anything he cares to with a considerable portion of his time, which he hopes will result in the eventual benefit of the industry. Iia himself "hopes he is making a Ion ;-time contribution to the ac- cumulating fund of scientific knowledge in the cranberry field." The efforts of a researcher in science require industry, keen in- terest in what he is doing, and limifess patience. That Mr. Bain — quiet, unhurried, stubborn in his determinations when need be — is making a valuable contribution to the cranberry industry is proven by the respect which fellow scien- tific workers accord his results. That his efforts are having desir- able results in present-day cran- berry growing is shown by the esteem in which all growers who know him and his work most thor- oughly held him as a man and a scientific worker. Teo A. E. Bennett (Continued from Page 4) this is now the Walker and Ben- nett marsh, in which a daughter and son-in-law are partners. When he began cranberry grow- ing much of his experience was with the wild berries. However, he and his father were leaders in development, and developed the Bennett Jumbos, a large-size Wis- consin variety. They added equip- ment as it was developed, and raised cranberries scientifically, as knowledge was acquired. He was among the first to scalp a marsh and plant vines. He was one of the greatest in developing Wood County in cranberry growing and some years raised as many as 4,300 barrels at the home marsh. Always a cooperator, he led af- fairs of the Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company, becoming a direc- tor in October, 1913, previous to that having been treasurer. Un- til his health began to fail a year or so ago, he was a director of the American Cranberry Exchange, the position now being held by Bernard Brazeau. He was an important factor in the setting off of Cranmoor as an independent township from Port Edwards in 1903. He had been a member of the county board since 1903, and each year was re-elected chairman without opposition. He served School District No. 6 as treasurer since its formation. His fraternal affiliations includ- ed membership in the Blue Lodge and Royal Arch Masonic organiza- tions of Wisconsin Rapids and the Woodsmen of the World. Arthur E. Bennet twas born in Victor, Ontario county, New York, August 11, 1862, the son of Mr. and Mrs. Asa C. Bennett. In 1868 the family moved to Iowa, then to Kansas, and in 1873 to Appleton, Wisconsin. There A. E. was educated, graduating from Appleton High school and attend- ing Lawrence Academy, now Law- rence College, for two years. Five years after forming part- nership with his father, he mar- ried Fannie June Clinton at Clin- tonville, Wisconsin, on April 14, 1885. He became acquainted with her at Lawrence. The Bennetts had six children: Mrs. Oscar Pot- ter, Warrens; Mrs. S. G. Corey, Wisconsin Rapids; Mrs. Merle Walker, Rice Lake; Ermon E. Bennett, Cranmoor; a son, Emory, died in 1920, and a son, Raymond, in 1915. There are 16 grandchil- dren and 14 great-grandchildren. The funeral was held Monday, October 29th, at Baker Memorial chapel, Wisconsin Rapids, with the Rev. A. W. Triggs officiating-. Burial was at Forest Hill ceme- tery, Wisconsin Rapids. Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK At Screenhouses, Bogs and Pumps Means Satisfaction ALFRED PAPPI WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. 623 We Have Listings of Cranberry Bogs, Large and Small FOR SALE Geo. A. Cole Agency WILDA HANEY Decas Block Wareham, Massachusetts "Markets Are Purchasing Power" For forty years our management has sold cranberries to markets all over the country. We know the trade, they recognize our fortitude in packing and shipping superior quality cranberries. Increasing market demand for "SUITS-US BRAND" pack requires a greater volume of supply. We need more and more cranberries. COLLEY CRANBERRY COMPANY Plymouth, Mass. Office 17 Court Street Plymouth - 1622 Telephone Eleven IISGIIII 1945 Our last three Thanksgivings have been celebrated in war — during the mightiest of all wars, which we are determined, if we are sensible men and wish our civilization to survive, to make sure was the last war. Truly we have much to be thankful for this Thanksgiving of 1945. So frightful are the prospects of another war that this Thanksgiving we are to ob- serve what must be the first of an era in which full-scale warfare between major nations, at least, became a thing of the past. The next war could slaughter major portions of an entire nation before the nation attacked even knew it was at war. With the newest and most "efficient" types of bombers, able to devastate whole cities, with rocket projectiles to be sent their electrically-controlled way thousands of miles to any given target, with the atomic bomb, the terrific powers of which we do not even begin to comprehend yet, it would seemmankind could manage to make certain an- other war does not ever come to be. This first Thanksgiving after World War II must be the first in a new era, without war. Buy a Victory Bond, Oct. 29 to Dec. 8. This is the 41st in a series of messages, sponsored by the following public-spirited firms and individuals. Slocum-Cibbs Cranberry Co. RUEL S. GIBBS. Gen. Mgr. Decas Cranberry Company Growers and Shippers of CAPE COD CRANBERRIES Wareham, Mass. L. B. R. BARKER Buzza •ds Bay M. 3S. Jesse A. Holmes & Son Sawmills at Carver, Mass. Tel. Carver 10-3 Smith-Hammond Co. Pt. Independence, Mass. CARLETON D. HAMMOND General Manager CARLETON D. HAMMOND, JR. Ass't General Manager H. R. BAILEY CO. South Carver, Mass. Fuller-Hammond Co. Onset, Mass. ROBT. C. HAMMOND Acushnet Saw Mills Co. New Bedford, Mass. GOOD WOOD BOXES Est. 1865 ELLIS D. ATWOOD South Carver, Mass. (^ditMals ISSUE OF NOVEMBER, 1945 Vol. 10 No. 7 MORE HARVEST LABOR OR PICKING MACHINES NECESSARY THE extreme acuteness of harvest labor shortage in Massachusetts this fall has set growers to thinking about the harvest labor problem of the next few years. It had been a hope, if not an expectation, all through the war that labor would be more plentiful when peace came. That feeling hasn't been proven true. There has been just the reverse of an ample sup- ply of help rushing back to this seasonal type of cranberry work now that many Government jobs have gone with war's end. In fact, there seems little inclination end. If this is to be the future outlook, new labor sources are imperative — or bet- ter still, the perfection of a picking ma- chine of some type, or more than one. THE JERSEY SITUATION NEW JERSEY and the West Coast (con- sidering Oregon and Washington as a unit) are "fighting it out for the cellar", to express the situation in sporting lan- guage. This is not bad from the view- point of our western division of cranberry growing, which is fighting its way up, and the West Coast has the best wishes of the industry in its upward climb in amount of cranberries raised. But the drop in Jer- sey is bad from the Jersey angle and bad for the industry as a whole. The industry does not want to see Jer- sey slipping lower and lower. It needs a strong Jersey. The industry would be weaker if this state, which has led all areas in production and for many years was a close second to Massachusetts, permits herself to stay in the present slump — or slides even lower. The industry needs to be aware of the difficulties under which New Jersey is laboring, and to lend any encouragement possible. An unfortunate combination of circumstances has come about to cause present conditions. Among them can be named false blossom; there is too much acreage in condition which is anything but first class, and this very over-extension of land put to cranberry use is a dreadful handicap in efltorts to bring it back. Some growers of generations now gone built cheaply on the theory that if a bog did not prove satisfactory a new bog could cheap- ly be put in and the old one harvested for CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS Subscription $2.60 per year Advertising rates upon application Editor and Publisher CLARENCE J. HALL LEMUEL C. HALL Associate Editor CORRESPONDENTS-ADVISORS Wiitconsin VERNON GOLDSWORTHY Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin Washington-Oregon J. D. CROWLEY Cranberry Sppoialiat Lone Beach, Wash. ETHEL M. KRANICK Bandon, Oreeron Massachusetts DR. HENRY .T. ERANKLTN n.Voftnr Mass ^tatp Cranbprrv Eypprimpnt StntioTi FfKit WaroliHTn. Mass. BERTRAM TOMLINSON Barnstablp Countv Afi-rirultural A^pnt Barnstable. Mass. New Jersey CHARLES A. DOEHLERT, Actinsr Chief. New Jersev Cranberry and Blueberry Station, Pemberton, New Jersey what it could produce, or be abandoned. Present-dflv costs of all bog operations — insert roTitrol. weed control, sanding, har- ■'^estino'. m^kf^ such a plan unsuccessful. Jprspv bogs arf" ininred more by scooping than thosp in Massachusetts. A number of growers are convinced the only answer is letting some acreage "•o and nutting what labor and monev is available into a proerram of concentration "pon the best acreage. Thev are doing this. Evpn this is not as simple as it sounds with th^ lavout of many of the properties. Considerable progress has al- readv been made along this line, but it will be a few vears (and more growers will probably have to follow this same lifrhf* bpfore Jersev production may be expected to up greatlv. It would be a harsh fact to face, both for Jersey and the industrv, if present low Jersev crops, or even smaller opps, permanently become Jersev "normal", even though that term may be the correct one to apply at present. Thirteen CRANBERRIES PHOTO THE 1945 CRANBERRY QUEEN Cranberry Queen Is Chosen At Wareham Legion Festiva Patricia Jefferson, High School Senior, Daughter of Grower, Is Enthroned ; 800 Attend Affair, Which May Be Annual Now. Cranberry Queen of 1945, crowned at the harvest festival November 2d, sponsored by Ware- ham (Mass.) Post 220, American Legion and Auxiliary, with the co- operation of Massachusetts cran- berry growers, is Miss Patricia Jefferson, daughter of Ward A. Jefferson, cranberry grower of Rochester-West Wareham area, and Mrs. Jefferson. Miss Jeffer- son, 18, and a senior at Wareham High school, received 22,555 votes, and a close runner-up was Miss Pearl Atkins, 22, daughter of Mrs. Dela Morrissey, Onset, who re- ceived 1,200 less. The selection was announced by Wareham Selectman Alton H. Worrall before 800 attending the affair at Memorial Town Hall. The Queen, after the announce- ment that she was the winner, was escorted to the throne, robed, seat- ed and crowned, and then she re- viewed a grand march. A neck- lace of cranberries was an added touch to the placing of the crown on her head. In addition to the honor of being chosen Queen, the Queen was presented with a $25.00 war bond. This was a popu'arity contest. Winner of the essay for High school pupils upon the sub- ject, "Wareham and the Cranberry Industry", was Ernest B. Hamil- ton, son of the Rev. Wilfred D. Hamilton, pastor of East Wareham and Onset Methodist churches, and Mrs. Hamilton. His very inter- esting prize-winning paper is on page 17 of this issue. He received a cash award from the Legion. Seven aspirants were in the con- test for the title of "Cranberry Queen", only one other having any affiliations with the cranberry in- dustry, the contest being open to any girl in the Southeastern Mas- sachusetts cranberry area. The harvest festival and dance v.'as a notab e affair, beginning with a concert, then dancing, greetings by Selectman Worrail, who is also a veteran of World War I, closing of the polls for the Queen contest, and amateur hour ff entertainment, with the crown- ing, the highlight of the evening, at 10.30. Then came the grand march, directed by Howard ("Stub- by") Smith. Grand March was led by Commander Henry Hawes of the post, with Mrs. Hawes, then came Mrs. Ralph Elliott, president of the Auxiliary, and Mr. Elliott; the Queen, and other contestants with their escorts. Contestants were in evening gowns, the general attendance having been given the privilege of ap- pearing in harvest costumes, if desired. The hall was appropri- ately decorated. Decorations of auditorium, featuring cranberries, were outstanding. A huge canvas of a cranberry bog scene, painted by George Wing, former Wareham artist, was made the background of the stage, the painting being borrowed from the main office of Cranberry Canners, Inc. The stage display included wheelbar- rows, rakes, banks of autumn leaves. Decorations of real cran- berry vines and berries were used as streamers on the window drap- eries. This affair of harvest festival and dance, with election and crowning of Cranberry Queen, voting being on the basis of ad- Fourteen Call JtTter xA.# -Lie 1^ age PLYMOUTH Tel. 740 Peter A. LeSage Distributor of Cape Cod Cranberries YARMOUTH Tel. Barnstable 107 mission ticket, advertising coupons and coupons in Wareham Courier, was highly successful, and it is expected to make it an annual event. John E. Maddigan was general chairman, assisted by Commander Hawes and President Doris El'iot. Committee on arrangements was Francis Butler, chairman, Mary Gaffney, Grace Collins, Lillian Keyes; tickets, Clifford Collins, chairman, Lillian Cudworth, Helen Round; programs, Henry Hawes, chairman, Mary Adams, Charles Coyne, Myron Baxter, Dexter Round, Dr. Walter Lyle, Ralph Elliot, Laurence Sherman, Clar- ence Hewitt, Howard Griffith, Les- ter Boynton, John Chandler; re- freshments, Louis Anthony, chair- man, Jean Anthony, Florence Smith, G'adys Griffith; posters, Clarence Hewitt, chairman, Laura Hawes; decorations, Marjorie Ril- ey, chairman, Norma Fraser, Dorothy Klocker, Barbara Barnes, Jeldina Melloni, Eleanor Lee; nominations, Myron Baxter, chair- man, Lester Boynton, Clifford Collins, Carleton Hammond. Growers Cranberry Co. Sends Wire to The President An emergency meeting of direc- tors of Growers Cranberry Com- pany of New Jersey was called October 17 at Pemberton, as the shortness of the crop of that state became an established fact.. With ceiling prices set lower than last year and the quantity of berries so short it was deemed some action was necessai-y to obtain relief for the growers if possible, with the resu't that the following telegram , was sent to President Truman: Camden, N. J., Oct. 17. My dear Mr. President: At the meeting of the direc- tors of the Growers Cranberry Co., a New Jersey Cranberry Cooperative held on the above date, it was unanimously voted to appeal to our highest author- ity for aid. The ci'anberry grow- ers of New Jersey have one- half of the ten year average production of the state. In the face of this disastrous crop sit- uation we respectfully request that you give us all the aid pos- sible in getting last year's ceil- ing price re-established. We shall have 25 per cent less ber- ries than last year and the pres- ent ceiling price is about 25 per cent less than last year, which creates severe hardship on the growers of our state, due pri- marily to greatly increased unit cost in production. Theodore H. Budd, Pres. The Growers Cranberry Co., Inc. Te'egrams were sent to the oth- er two state companies requesting similar action be taken if it was felt justified, but the crop was not short in Massachusetts, and the crop as a whole was about a nor- mal .one.' . WISCONSIN SEASON IS FINISHED Wisconsin has finished harvest- ing and by the first of November was almost completely shipped out, the state crop being, in Goldworthy's estimate, . about 75,- 000. Berries were of good color and quality, but much smaller in size than usual, due to the abnor- mally cold and late spring and summer. Growers got through the harvest season in good shape, but would have been in serious diffl- cu'ties if it had not been for the POWs, which had been housed at Fifteen Wisconsin Rapids airport sinc6 last spring. They have now gone and the temporary barracks estab- lished there dismantled. In Wisconsin considerable atten- tion is paid to appearance of the fall bud, and this is very reavy, and, given normal conditions, should have a crop of "better than 125,000" next year, Goldsworthy estimates. Vines were going into the winter in very good shape, and everyone had plenty of water for winter flooding. END OF HARVEST TIPS TO MASSACHUSETTS GROWERS J. Richard Seattle, Associate County Agent of Plymouth County (Mass.), after consultation with Dr. Franklin, issued the fo'lowing "tips" to area growers at the end of October: If Fall Clean Up Flood— A fall clean-up flood should be put on right after harvest, whether it is time to treat the Girdler or not. The water should be high enough to clear all the vines and make sure that none of the fallen leaves lodge on the higher places on the bog. If the bogs are not cleaned up in this way, fallen leaves will lodge under the vines, where they are harmful to the growth of the vines and favor injury by frost and infestation by the cranberry girdler. TIRaking — Any raking of the vines that is done should be car- ried out lightly and carefully un- der the immediate supervision of an experienced man. Raking and sanding of dry bogs should be put off until early spring. When these operations are carried out on dry bogs in the fall they tend to in- crease the danger of winter killing. USanding — Because of the gen- eral increase of the prevalence of the cranberry girdler it is espec- ially desirable at this time to give as much attention to resanding as possible. For the information of cranberry growers, the Triple A payment for sanding wi 1 be con- tinued this year at the same rate as last season, namely S5.00 per acre where at least V2 inch of sand is distributed over the bog. industrial chemicals and specialties manufactured by Penn Salt under the Sales Division controlling them. In addition, data is includ- ed on the industries served by Penn Salt and the addresses of their dis- trict sales offices and plants. BITUR miGATIOH ^ With LESS 'PENN SALT" BOOKLET AVAILABLE Pennsylvania Salt Manufactur- ing Company, Philadelphia, Penn., announces that copies of their new pocket-sized booklet, "Pennsalt In- dustrial Chemica.s and Special- ties", are aval able for distribution upon request. This descriptive booklet lists the WATER A Model For Every Pressure For Farm, Orctidrd or Truck Garden. Eatlly and quickly moMnted on any irrigation pipe. Heavy duty brass and bronze construction for long servi^f. Sand and dirl proof. Wa- ter lubricaled|i^arings— no oil or grease re- quired. No f§|> moving parts to rapidly wear out. M(|^um coverage— even distri- bution, i*:^ WrlteJS^MlHSlv" end pricji- THE CLAPPER CO. FORMERLY NEW ENGLAND TORO CO. 1121 WASHINGTON ST. WEST NEWTON 65, MASS. PHONE BIGELOW 7900 BUCKNER MANUFACTURING C0.(» 1615 Eiackstone Ave., Fresno, California WKNER SPRfNRLERS: Do It With DYNAMITE! The modern way to . . — build ditches — remove stumps — excavate rocks — dig cores for dykes — loosen sub soil is with dynamite! Let me tell you results other growers have obtained, and the savings realized. Will be glad to consult w^ith you on any work you are planning, and quote prices. Expert service. Trained by Hercules Powder Co. ALTON J. SMITH HIGH STREET - - HANSON, MASSACHUSETTS Telephone — Bryantville 209R3 Sixteen Pumps, Screenhouse Equipment We are exclusive agents for RAINBIRD SPRINKLER Needs for Cape Cod District. (Sprinkler Systems should be planned now for next spring). We have been appointed Agents for INTERNATIONAL Pumping Engines, Sales and Service. Because of labor troubles and problems of reconversion in suppliers' plants, materials and finished units are still slow in delivery. PLEASE continue to think of next year's needs and place your orders early. HAYDEN SEPARATOR MANUFACTURING CO. E. C. St. Jacques WAREHAM, MASS. Wareham and the Cranberry Industry (Prize Winning Essay) by ERNEST B. HAMILTON, Class of 1946, W. H. S. Ar. our lives we, in Wareham, have taken for granted the part cranberries play in our town. I venture that everyone here in Wareham has at some time or other eaten cranberry sauce; yet to say that everyone in Wareham knows what the cranberry means to the town is another matter. It would seem fitting at this time — when the cranberry harvest has just ended and the peak of cran- berry sales for the year, Thanks- giving and Christmas time, is upon us — to trace a little the growth of the cranberry industry and look into what that litt'e red berry means to Wareham. 'Way back before the Pilgrims came to this section of the coun try, when the Indian was still su- preme, cranberries were growing wild in the marshes of southeast- ern Massachusetts. The Indians recognized their value for eating, but, more than that, claimed that the juice as a drink had medicinal value for "clearing their whoop." When the Pilgrims came to this Cape Cod area, the Indians showed the settlers how we'l cranberries went along with the turkey and other game they had at their meals. A long time passed dur- ing which the wild berries were used locally for sauce, but no at- tempt was made at cultivation. Then in 1816, a veteran of the Revolutionary War, Henry Hall, having noticed that the wid vines were sturdier and produced bigger and better berries where sand from the dunes had blown around -^% f^A^ them, transplanted a few cran- berry vines to his garden, piled sand around them, and nursed them. It was soon evident that his observations were correct when his few cultivated vines bore big, juicy, red berries. Still the peo- ple of Cape Cod didn't pay much attention to the cranberry as an industry. The wild ones were plentiful enough and good enough for their uses; and glass-blowing, fishing, and sat-making were all the industries they thought they needed. As time passed and the old industries failed them, the Cape Codders turned to the cran- berry and found in it a stable and very profitable business. In southeastern Massachusetts, within a seventy mile radius of Carver, three-fourths of the world's cranberries are grown. The cran- berry is New England's largest export crop, and the industry em- ploys five thousand workers an- nually. Cranberries are worth every year seven milHons of dol- lars to our town and the rest of southeastern Massachusetts. The first cultivated cranberry bogs in Wareham were built before the Civil War. Prince Burgess, James Williams, Samuel Besse, and Bradford .Bartlett were some of the fi.rst growers. The first bog was taxed in Wareham in 1861. Frederick A. Stewart owned it, and his bog was rated as worth twenty dollars for its five acres. Now- adays five acres of cranberry plan- tation wou'd be valued at ten thousand dollars. The acreage of bogs in Wareham has increased until it is now well up toward the two thousand mark. Only Carver raises more of these little red ber- ries than Wareham. Our town for many reasons is recognized as the cranberry center of the world. We have in East Wareham the State Bog and ex- perimental station from which the weather data and frost warnings for all Massachusetts go out. At the State Bog is the world's foremost cranberry scientist. Dr. Henry J. Franklin. Dr. Franklin and the other scientists and work- ers of the cranberry experiment station try out cultural insecti- cides, study into the scientific principles of raising cranberries, and give the benefit of their find- ings to the growers. Growers from the other cranberry states come to Wareham to the State Bog to benefit from the expert advice of Dr. Franklin. Two cranberry co-operatiVes Seventeen operate in Wareham — the New England Cranberry Sales Co., the fresh fruit co-operative; and Cran- berry Canners, Inc., the canned fi-uit co-operative. The fresh fruit co-operative has a packing house in West Wareham and ships ber- ries from Tremont. Cranberry Canners, at Onset, uses thousands of barrels of fresh cranberries yearly for that sauce and juice which vi'e all 'ike so well. These co-operatives, with their particular branches of business in the differ- ent cities and towns throughout the country, market the biggest part of the cranberry crop. Wareham is also a center for the processing and distribution of cranberries. Tremont is the larg- est cranberry shipping point in the world. The New England Cran- berry Sales Co. and the growers of Rochester and Carver, along with Wareham growers, by ship- ping great quantities of their ber- ries from there, make it so. Ev- ery year four hundred carloads are sent out from Tremont. Every August the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers Association holds its annual meeting in Ware- ham. The national cranberry magazine, CRANBERRIES, is pub- lished here in the Courier building and is edited by Clarence J. Hall of Wareham. A. D. Makepeace Co. operates its bogs from here and runs a de- hydration plant for "Crannies" in Wareham. From one carload only of "Crannies" last Thanksgiving 4,603,000 servicemen all over the world were provided with cran- berries by the Makepeace dehy- drating p'ant. Last August, A. D. Makepeace Co. was presented the achievement "A" award by the United States Department of Agriculture for outstanding ac- complishment in food processing. The Makepeace Co. started dehy- dration of cranberries in 1909 — and the records say this company was the first to employ dehydration of cranberries for commercial pur- poses. On a Makepeace bog this year there was a planting of two thousand seedlings of hybrid cran- berries. This is significant because it is part of a government project going on in other states to develop a truly cultivated berry. Prior to this, all cranberries have been just "descendants" of wild cranberries. A. D. Makepeace of the Makepeace Co. was responsib'e for the en- largement and development of the cranberry industry to big business. Wankinquoah Bog of the Make- peace Co. is the second largest bog in a single piece in the world. J. J. Beaton Co. of Wareham is the largest independent grower and distributor of cranberries. Beaton's screenhouse is one of the largest in the world — perhaps the largest. The Beaton Co., along with one or two other Wareham concerns, is now packing fresh ber- ries in one pound cellophane bags. Nowhere e'se is this being done. Ellis D. Atwood of South Carver is the largest grower of cranber- ries as an individual in Massachu- setts, and his fame is far spread through the magnificent Christmas- New Year "Peacedale" displays at the home of Mr. and Mrs. Atwood, to which before the war visitors from most states of the union and foreign countries were registered in the guest book. One could go on giving facts about how much cranberries mean to Wareham and Wareham to cranberries. The cranberry indus- try is up and coming. It is a busi- ness with a future. With wide advertising to introduce cranberry products to more people every- where, who can set a limit to its expansion? An unimpeachable source says that there is "abund- ant room in Massachusetts for such further development of the cranberry industry as a wider use of cranberries may promote." Keep on your toes, Wareham; keep your place of leadership in this unique and profitable big business of cranberries. Eatmor Cranberries Since 1907 The benefits of cooperation — which have proved their worth since time immemorial in war and countless other tests — can be bene- fits for all humanity and individuals, and at SUCH a reasonable price: simple, unselfish, wholehearted cooperation. NEW ENGLAND CRANBERRY SALES CO. 9 Station Street MIDDLEBORO, MASSACHUSETTS "The Fresh Cranberry Cooperative" Eighteen PETITION TO RETAIN BERGMAN WINTERS IN MASS. IS COMPLETED JERSEY PROPERTIES CHANGE HANDS The petition to USDA to have Dr. H. F. Bergman stationed in Massachusetts, which was circu- lated by George E. Short, presi- dent of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers Association, has been completed with signatures and forwarded to Washington. Signa- tures on the paper represent much of the acreage in Massachusetts. Dr. and Mrs. Bergman have al- ready closed their camp at East Wareham and gone to Washington, but their return is being petitioned. The need of his further work upon studies in flooding water and oxy- gen deficiency troubles caused by flooding is being stressed, as it is felt this is a vital need of the Massachusetts growers. Dr. Berg- man was formerly stationed at Mass. State College, Amherst, winters, from which point he was able to continue his tests during the winter months. Bogs owned by the E. H. Dur- rell estate around Belleplaine in New Jersey have been purchased by Morris April and son, Leon, of Bridgeton, New Jersey. Mr. Mor- ris, Sr., is a produce dealer, and his son, Leon, will have direct charge of the bogs. The Rev. E. H. Durrell was one of the real pioneers and a leader in Jersey growing, having started in 1866- 67. He was president of the American Cranberry Growers As- sociation from 1901 until 1925. Acreage purchased was about 225, although this did not include all the Durrell holdings. The young Mr. April plans to improve these old properties and is one more younger man added to the ranks of the Jersey growers. The bogs of the late J. C. Shaner at Rigley, about 30 acres, have been purchased from Mr. Shaner's widow by Maurice Aaron of Mays Landing. GROSSMAN'S A half century of service Materials Now Available WITHOUT PRIORITY Tel. New Bedford 5-7438 27 Ashley Boulevard ROBERT LENARI Real Estator Reed Avenue - - Manomet, Mass. Tel. Manomet H-R Specializing in the Purcha»e and Sale of Cranberry Properties The SKINNER System of Irrigation For Cranberry Irrigation and Frost Protection Suitable piping and SKINNEf; SYSTEM.-simple, durable, non-clogging UTILITY HEADS are now available for this work Send for folder showing head coverage and costs Overhead Irrigation Systems for All Purposes THE SKINNER IRRIGATION CO. TROY, OHIO GEORGE N. BARRIE, New England Distributor BROOKLINE, MASSACHUSETTS Nineteen * — "— ' — "■ STOKELY ... and the 1945 Cranberry Sauce Pack - • STOKELY, at the New Bedford, Mass., Plant will pack Cranberry Sauce in quantity consistent with controlling conditions. STOKELY has packed Cranberry Sauce (with the exception of last year) at this modern New Bedford Plant since 1939, and prior to that purchased cranberries over a period of years from a large number of satisfied Massuchusetts growers. STOKELY Plans for postwar, as concerns packing Cranberry Sauce, contemp- late a program far exceeding any in the past. STOKELY prod- ucts, processed in 59 plants throughout the country, are nationally known and advertised, recognized for their high quality. STOKELY FOODS, Inc. 90 Riverside Avenue, New Bedford, Mass. R. F. APPLING, Manager General Offices: Indianapolis, Indiana + Twenty RECOMMENDATIONS Associate County Agent J. Rich- ard Beattie has issued a series of "tips" to Massachusetts growers. These include a fall "clean-up" flood right after harvest, the water to be high enough to clear all the vines and, make sure none of the fallen leaves lodge on the higher places on the bog. If fallen leaves are not cleared in this way they will lodge under the vines where they are harmful to growth of the vine and favor injury by frost and infestation by the cranberry gird- ler. Raking and sanding of dry bogs should be put oflF until early spring. These are recommenda- tions of Dr. Franklin. Fresh from the Fields (Continued from Page 5) "Mel" Beaton for private con- sumption, for berries to be flown to the West Coast from East Bos- ton airport and from there to be sent by Clipper air freight to the Philippines and to Pearl Harbor. Orders were being pro-rated. IJAgain Crop About 470,000— That the Massachusetts crop will run just about 470,000 barrels, as the original Government esti- mate and the later October one, is the opinion of Dr. H. J. Frank- lin, Manager Benson, N. E. Sales and others who keep close track. A questionnaire to member gi'ow- ers sent out by Mr. Benson, by the week of October 22nd, with har- vesting comp'ete except for a few isolated instances, showed that the growers who replied concurred. Blacks, which were estimated to make up about 50 per cent of the crop, according- to these figures ran about five per cent over, Howes 10 per cent under, and the few odd varieties about 5 per cent over, estimates which make the total practically as predicteid. This check would provide a good cross-section of all growers. meeting, that if 100 be takeii As perfect, the 1945 crop wou'd rate about 70, was not far off the beam. It may be described as "fair to good, or fairly good." HWas Long, Hard Harvest — It was certainly one of the most dif- ficult seasons, with many days of too much moisture to get in any picking or a full day. But the major cause of the delay in get- ting the berries off was in the acute harvest labor shortage. The shortage was probably the worst ever known. Pickers simply did not want to return to the bogs for this work as war jobs closed down. Should it be possible -to obtain Jamaicans for another year, many growers feel that this "outside" help would be welcome again, even though the war is over. Harvest finished all of two weeks later than normal, despite the exceptionally early start, taking the crop as a whole. It was not a "happy" harvest season. TISize, Quality, Fairly Good — The size is not unusual'y large, count running mostly from 110 to 120 to the cup, with the average perhaps 115, while only a few ran less than 100. This shows a medium lai'ge berry, but they were more uniform in size than is often the case, with fewer smaller ones, so a good definition might be "uniform medium-large". The start toward unusual size which was so widely "advertised" at sea- son beginning just did not devel- op— although the start was un- doubtedly there, the finish was not. The lack of timely rainfall, particularly in August, was prob- ably the answer. Regarding qual- ity, the prophecy of Dr. Neil E. Stevens at the annual August USmall Bogs Up — It seemed to be a notable fact not readily ex- plained that many of the very small bogs came in with heavy crops, bogs which had not pro- duced much or any for a few years past. There was an impression that the small bogs of the larger growers came through unusually wer — that is, bogs of limited areas had notable crops. HSome Good Crops — Largest in- dividual crop in Massachusetts was that of L. B. R. Barker, with about 10,000 barrels. Atwood, who had a peak production last year, had about 7,000. One of the best records was that of Prank Ci'an- don of Acushnet, who averaged better than 100 barrels to the acre. UBarhstabie Cbaflty--Proauction in Barnstable County this year was not up to hopes, taking the Cape as a whole. Cropping was heavy on the upper Cape around Cataumet and Marstons Mills, but fell off bady around Harwich and below. That was the experience of the A. D. Makepeace Company, which has considerable holdings on the Cape; and while the company estimated production was achieved, it was due to the upper Cape bogs, and not those in Harwich. There is no good "normal" on which to base Cape production, as the two counties are not separated in the Government estimate, but the Cape produced an estimated 100,000 barrels in the "big year" of 1937, and 87,000 was the average shown in the last survey of acreage, that in 1934. Then there were 4,000 acres and now but 3500. A guess at this year's production might be 50,000 or something better. County Agent Tomlinson believes one of the causes of the short production on 'ower Cape was due to a period of foggy weather in July and again in September which caused some rot. At any rate, prospects after these foggy spells definitely were lowered. TIFrost Loss Not Heavy — Frost injury was light, N. E. Sales esti- mating it as roughly two per cent or so this fall. Dr. Franklin, on his frost chart, has down a two per cent loss for the morning of October 4. That that night was to bring a killer was evident on the morning of the 3rd. Growers who had water and most of those with sizeable crops still out, took steps early. The minimum gen- erally reached was 19. At least three bogs reported 16, Summit Cranberry Company at Greene, R. I., L. B. Handy in Foxboro, and Carl Illig in Assonet, and this was precise'y the minimum forecast by Dr. Franklin. The worst frost loss of the year occurred on June 1, for which Dr. Franklin has re- corded 5 per cent, and that was the ^ame night on which Jersey suffered loss of 18 per cent, as cal- culated by Boster. This makes the Massachusetts year frost loss on the light side. NEW JERSEY Frosts took a further toll from the production in October, partic- ularly on October 3, when there was a severe freeze. Many bogs had been harvested, but there was heavy damage on those which still had berries nad for which there was no water protection. There was enough injury to reduce production as a whole. Temper- atures fell to 17-19. Frost oc- curred on October 9, with temper- atures of 22, and again on the 13th with 21; and still again on the 14th and 15th with temper- atures of 17 and 19 respectively, but by then picking was largely over for those who could not flood. There was another lighter warn- ing on the 16th. There was plenty of rot appar- ent this year, but it was generally considered that loss was definitely reduced by the use of Fermate by many growers. Dr. R. B. Wilcox, who has made most intensive studies upon the advantages of this control as compared to other methods, is certain rot would have taken a greater loss had there not been considerable use of Fermate, and Mr. Doehlert, direc- tor of the Pemberton Station, also fee's Fermate helped the situation this past season. Dr. Wilcox is continuing his study in compara- tive amounts of control obtained with the new material. Twenty-one WASHINGTON TIDownward Revision ? — W i t h the cranberry harvest half com- pleted, D. J. Crowley was forced to lean to the opinion that that estimate which placed the crop about the same as last year (36,400) may be nearer right than a higher estimate. Berries were turning out small or at least much smaller than average, and for that reason, primarily, he was certain a downward revision will be made. ***** ^Harvest Slow — September, ac- cording to the North Head Wea- ther Bureau, was one of the warmest months of the year, it has developed, and that there was really no summer weather. There was rain first week in September and then very dry until mid-Octo- ber. General harvest did not start until the first of October and slow progress was being made, due largely to the scarcity of la- bor. Labor was tighter than ever, and growers were fearful they would not get the crop off before heavy frosts occurred. OREGON Picking Machine Problem Getting- Nearer Solution ***** TFShort of Help — Harvest in the Bandon area was started on most of the bogs the first week in Oc- tober. Altogether too few pickers were available to assure the suc- cessful conclusion of the harvest early. Practically every grower was decidedly short of help. UAH Harvest Methods Being Used — At the Kranick Marsh a number of methods of harvesting were to be put into effect, these including water raking, scooping, and machine picking, with the choice berries reserved for hand picking. Hooker and the Fish bogs were to be machine picked and water raked. Boak, Baker, Wilson, Neilson and Bieske were scheduled to be hand picked. IfDeer Damage — Deer are caus- ing much cranberry depredation on bogs in the Bandon area. "Ed" Barnekoff reports that from this cause he has lost one-half of his crop from a bog of an acre and a quarter. He had protected the bog with a six-strand barb-wire fence, but that was no insur- mountable hindrance to the deer, as patches of hide were found, show- ing where the animals had forced their way through. H. E. Boak and Son, whose bog is protected by what they thought was an ade- quate barb-wire fence, have found that their crop will total only 250 boxes as compared with 600 last year. They found that be- sides eating the berries the deer caused much damage by knocking berries off and by lying down on the vines at night. Twenty-two Picking machines which do the job with somewhere near 100 per cent satisfaction are definitely the need of the hour of the cranberry industry. And this imperative need is not being let go by the board. West Coast, with suction machines of two or three types, notably one developed by A. V. Anderson of Grayland, has gone a long way toward mechanical har- vest of the crop, but still their problem is not so'ved to perfec- tion, although approximately 125 suction machines worked at Gray- land this fall. Wisconsin has its machine which was designed for either dry or wet raking, with the wet method preferred, but the East crop was still picked by manual labor, either scooping or by hand. A vacuum machine of the An- derson type was shipped from the West Coast to CCI in Massa- chusetts and it was set up and tried out on Bog No. 1 of Uni:ed Cape Cod Cranberry Company at Bryantville, on the afternoon of October 23. About 20 growers, including Dr. H. J. Franklin, wsre present for the demonitr?tion. Agreement seemed pretty unani- mous that this machine has con- siderable possibilities for Eastern picking. Although held promis- ing it admittedly will require some changes, but it was proved beyond a doubt it gets berries off the vines, and that is the main con- sideration. Opinions were ex- pressed after the demonstration that more suction power would be desirable and there should be ar- rangements so that on eman can handle more than a single suction nozzle to cut down the labor cost of its operation. Anton Lenari of Kingston has built a suction picker which is quite similar to West Coast pick- ers. This was given trials this fall, and showed good promise. It is planned to build a new model during the winter with improve- ments, which the trials showed could be made to advantage. A machine which has been de- veloping for two or three years by Frank Crandon of Acushnet, will-known grower, assisted by Herbert Leonard of Acushnet, a man of mechanical skill, was dem- onstrated on the Manomet Bog of United Cape Cod Cranberry on October 13. This demonstration by the designers was witnessed by Dr. Franklin, Ferris C. Waite, Olin Sinclair and M. L. Urann of Cranberry Canners and Chester Everson, manager of the bog. This picker, while having prom- ising features, also needs more work to get rid of some undesir- able factors which were shown in the trial runs. This is a machine which oper- ates on the principle of a hand- swung scoop, on"y the scooping action is in reverse, the teeth go- ing down into the vines rather than being pulled up through them. The berries are swept back and then lifted onto a belt which conveys them to the side of the machine and empties them in a box. While the teeth lift the berries, a series of knives cut long runners. The scoop is 26 inches wide. The picker weighs about 800 pounds and has an aluminum frame and aluminum teeth, and operates on four rubber tires, the operator riding on a seat. Power is by a 2% h. p. air-cooled engine at the rear, which balances the machine and throws most of the weight to the rear on vines which have already been picked. The teeth are in five sets which revolve forward, down and back. As each box is filled with ber- ries, it is dropped onto the bog and another empty comes into position. A conveyor at the side of the machine holds five empties, and as the filled boxes are dropped, workers place fresh boxes into the conveyor. The machine trav- els at a speed of about 60 feet a minute. From all these experiments of this year and the past few, it would seem certain a satisfactory picker or pickers will come a'ong to largely supplement or replace harvesting by manual labor. E. D. Atwood Cranberry Railroad In not far distant time now, the "Bogger" of the Cranberry Branch Railroad will be tootin' around the bend on the Ellis D. Atwood pro- perty at South Carver, Mass. For, delayed by the war in his pi-oject to install the narrow-gauge rail- road equipment which he bought in Maine, Mr. Atwood now sees the light turning green and is starting to go ahead. As a first step he has hired Lin- wood W. Moody of Union, Maine, who is recognized as an authority upon narrow-gauge railroads. As another step, the work of bulldoz- ing out nearly six miles of main- line around the bog is underway and not far from completion. Mr. Moody has been a railroad man all his life, starting when he was sixteen, has been employed on lines in Maine, and for a short time was on the New Haven Cape Cod run. He is also a photog- rapher and has written for several railroad hobby magazines and be- fore the war had a railroad publi- cation of his own started. Mr. Atwood's plans are not crystalized as yet, but the line will be used principally for practical bog work, hauling workers from point to point, sand, berries, etc., and also as a scenic ride for visitors over a piece of Cape Cod cranberry prop- erty. In a mimeographed pamphlet. Vol. 1, No. 1, issued for the fun of it for Atwood employes, Mr. Moody, who often writes humor- ously, has to say the following, all of which may not be the literal truth : Probably no other event since Captain Standish made his pass by proxy to the immortal Priscilla has been of such importance to Plymouth County as the new net- work of steel rails that promises soon to entwine, the bogs of Ellis D. Atwood in South Carver. Its proponents expect the Cran- berry Branch railroad to revolu- tionize the cranberry industry, while those opposed wag their frosty locks and voice opinions such as their forefathers frothed when the stagecoach replaced the saddlebag and split skirt. How- ever, when sleek diesel trains streak swiftly across bog and meadow, doing many times the work in half the time required by obsolete and cumbersome methods now in use, these same shaggy pates will nod approvingly — we hope! Anyhow, never has it been said that these railed couriers were stopped or slowed by rain, snow, fog, or Barkeepers' conventions from performing their appointed destiny, or something like that. The C. B. R. R. hereby gives you a sly wink, and hits the ball. THOMAS BROTHERS General Contractors MIDDLEBORO, MASS. Tel. Middleboro 772 Concrete Flumes and Pumpwells Transit Mix Concrete Complete Line of Construction Equipment Excavating - Grading - Hauling Leave the Tough Jobs for Us Our Experience is Your Guarantee Inquiries are being made by the C. B. R. R. for some 400 tons of 45-pound relay rail and fastenings. Also a weather-eye is on the look- out for possible gasoline or diesel locomotives of the industrial type that might be useful in main-line service as well as on the bogs. At present a few yard tracks and a third of a mile of main track is in use, powered by two gasoline locomotives of conven- tional design, plus two converted Model T track autos formerly owned by the Sandy River & Range'y Lakes R. R. up in Frank- lin County, Maine. Grading is in progress at several points, prepar- atory to track laying as soon as market and weather conditions permit. Should Dame Fortune spread her wrinkled puss into a grin it could be possible to have a mile or so of line in operation before snow flies; whereas if the old harridan wears the same scowl that is traditional with her the inauguration of actual service may be postponed until spring, or, worse luck, perhaps until cran- berries grow on apple trees. However, many and startling in- novations and revolutionizing im- provements are on the drawing- board, and perhaps an announce- ment may soon be made that will cause brave men to gird their loins for fright, while the little woman c'utches Junior to her breast and lopes into Rhode Island rather than accept the inevitable. FLEX-O-SEAL PORTABLE PRESSURE-TIGHT IRRIGATION PIPE • For Overhead Sprinkler Systems Showing Flexibility of Pipe Joint Male End Female End Write Distributors below for full details: Miller Irrigation Co., Inc., Williamstown, N. Y. Lewis W. Barton, Haddonfield, New Jersey- Farm Bureau Ass'n, 155 Lexington St., Waltham 54, Mass. Wm. Richards, Veg-Acre Farm, Forest- dale, Mass. Frank E. Shepard, Shepard Farms, Wood- bury, Conn. Ideal Equipment Co., 540 Grand Ave., Port Washington, Wis. Manufactured by Chicago Metal Mfg. Co., Chicago 32, 111. Twenty-three BUY MORE In America's Great Victory Loan STATEMENT OF THE OWNERSHIP, MANAGEMENT, CIRCULATION, ETC.. REQUIRED BY THE ACTS OF CONGRESS OF AUGUST 24, 1912, and MARCH 3, 1933 Of CRANBERRIES, published monthly at Wareham, Massachusetts, for Sep- tember 1945, State of Massachusetts, County of Plymouth. Before me, a notary public, in and for the State and county aforesaid, person- ally appeared Clarence J. Hall, who, hav- ing been duly sworn according^ to law, deposes and says that he is the pub- lisher of the magazine, "Cranberries", and that the following: is, to be best of his knowledge and belief, a true state- ment of the ownership, management, etc., of the aforesaid publication for the date shown in the above caption, re- quired by the Act of August 24, 1912, as amended by the Act of March 3, 1933, embodied in section 537, Postal Laws and Regulations, to wit: 1. That the name and address of the publisher, editor, managing editor, and business manager is : Publisher, Clarence J. Hall. Wareham, Mass. ; editor, Clarence J. Hall, Ware- ham, Mass. : managing editor, Clarence J. Hall, Wareham, Mass. ; business man- ager, Clarence J. Hall, Wareham, Mass. Owner, Clarence J. Hall, Wareham, Mass. 2, That the known bondholders, mortgagees, and other security holders owning or holding 1 per cent or more of total amount of bonds, mortgages, or other known securities are : None. CLARENCE J. HALL, Publisher. Sworn to and subscribed before me this 21st day of September 1945: Bart- lett E. Gushing. WE MAY BE THANKFUL FOR THIS PEACE THIS THANKSGIVING OF 1945 BRINGS TO THE WORLD. Electricity will play its full measure in promot- ing prosperity in the postwar era. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM Tel. 200 PLYMOUTH Tel. 1300 THROUGH TWO WARS - - AND NOW INTO PEACE, we have served the growers of Massa- chusetts with satisfaction in the marketing of their crops. GROWERS USING OUR SERVICE ARE ASSURED OF AN OUTLET FOR THEIR ENTIRE CROP AT TOP PRICES AND PROMPT RETURNS. We handle Cape Cod Cranberries exclusively "Serving the Cranberry Industry for More Than 25 Years" BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY Wareham, Massachusetts Tel. Wareham 130 Twentv-four Before disposing of your crop of CRANBERRIES may we suggest that you contact our Cape Cod Rep- resentatives: Beaton's Distributing Agency We are in the market for good, sound cranberries, free from rots and spots, as "We pack only that Quality we will eat and serve to our own." MIN-OT FOOD PACKERS, Inc. Represented by BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY TIMES ARE CHANGING! Thanksgiving! Turkey and Cranberries! Years ago they were once-a-year words. Today hundreds of people eat cranberries with chicken, ham, veal — in dozens of new ways. Cooperative marketing, advertising, pub- licity have helped materially to change cranberry eating and buying habits and assure a quick, stable market with less seasonal risk. Cranberry Exchange American ^_^^^^^^_^^, U.S.Dept.ofAg NewYorK Chicago EPRESENTINC AN $8,000,000 A YEAR INUUblKY CAPE COD NEW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON December, 1945 Airborne Fresh Cape Cod Cranberries Landing In California. (Page 14) 25 cents t- I I Vote of Confidence I J We regard the patronage of our many growers as I a vote of confidence in the fact that they can count on I iis for service of finest possible quality, at lowest pos- 1 sii3le cost. Our best efforts are devoted to keeping I faiih with that confidence. I 1 I 1 j Growers Cranberry Company, Inc. ! PEMBERTON, NEW JERSEY ! i Merry ^$^k''mr0^ Christmas We are hoping everyone of you enjoys the true happiness of Christmas and the holiday season. To all, in 1946, good health, prosperity and good cheer. Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin '^^^^V C4i4^\S^^^^^ . . . and all the joys and blessings of a happy Holiday Season. CRANBERRY CANNERS, Inc. The Growers' Cooperative Canning Company Hanson, Mass. Coquille, Oregon Markham, Wash. Onset, Mass. New Egypt, N. J. Bordentown, N. J. Plymouth, Mass. North Chicago. III. Gurnee, 111. Dennis, Mass. No. Harwich, Mass. Long Beach, Wash. Ellis D. Atwood's Locomotive At His South Carver Bogs Transportation of Narrow Gauge Equipment from Maine Progressing Rapid- ly Now. The locomotive for the narrow- gauge railroad that Elis D. At- wood is to use in cranberry oper- ation stands now by the side of his bog at South Carver, Mass. (look- ing a trifla forlorn and definitely inanimate in the photograph). But already at various times stray groups have arrived to look at it. One Sunday recently as many as a hundred came to look it over, and it will be a very different story when the first real steam locomo- tive to belong to the cranberry industry is chugging around the bog-side and across the dikes. This, it is beieved, is the first time an entire railroad "system" will be serving cranberry growing, for al- though there is undoubtedly a "hobby" slant to the project, Mr. Atwood intends to really put the system to cranberry work. Nearly six miles of narrow-gauge line is under construction. The engine was hauled over the road by low trai'er tractor truck, similar to those used in moving tractors or heavy equipment from near Bridgeton, Maine, the rail- road equipment being a part of that of the historic old Bridgeton & Saco R. R. It is a Forney type, built in 1913 by the Baldwin Loco- motive Works, and has a "2-4-4" driving wheel arrangement; that is, there are four 35" driving wheels. It weights 66,500 pounds, burns soft coal, carrying a ton and a half in the tender and 1,000 gal- lons of water in the tank. Other equipment already at the Atwood property now or scheduled to arrive soon includes a tank car, 15 flat cars, about 28 to 30 feet long, two cabooses, two passenger cars and one parlor car. Of the passenger cars, Linwood W. Moody of Union, Me., an au- thority on narrow-gauge railroads, who has been engaged by Mr. At- wood to operate the lines, writes: "the coaches are just like those of the New Haven trains, only differ- ent. These coaches are forty feet long, seven feet wide, and seat approximately 30 souls. Seats are of conventional type, excepting only one person can shoe-horn in- to one. Lighting is the very latest type kerosene ceiing lamp of the lateral sway, foul-smoking variety, and if the conductor punches your nose instead of your ticket you may rest assured that poor visibility and not boorishness is the reason. These cars were built way back when you were a kid. They were last used in 1941 to carry camp girls from summer schools just before the line was abandoned in Maine. "The item of super-duper inter- est, however, will be the former Sandy River parlor car "Range- ley," which name may or may not be changed to Cranberry.' This car, built in 1901, by Jackson & Sharpe Co., Wilmington, Delaware, is the only 2-foot gauge parlor car in North America and perhaps in the world. It is really a sight for sore eyes. The "Rangeley" is fin- ished in expensive inlaid woods, dotted with crystal mirrors and padded leather roof in vivid hues. The individual swivel seats invite the lamest back and ensure max- imum comfort and pleasure whi'e you are riding on our lines". If the foregoing sounds like a travel prospectus in humorous vein, that is what it is, for Mr. At- wood does expect to take visitors around his 200-acre bog on this line, as well as using the flat cars and other equipment for carting sand and berries, transporting harvest crews from bog to bog, and other needs expected to de- velop. Admittedly, plans are still in the nebulous state, but it ail sounds interesting (doesn't it?) and equipment is arriving and con- struction of the rail system well in progress. Mr. Atwood has for years been an avid railroad "fan," one of (Continued on Page 14) Four Issue of December, 1945 — Vol. 10, No. 8 Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop, Main St.. Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscription $2.50 per year. Entered as second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post office at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3, 1879. FRESH FROM THE FIELDS By C J. H. BERRY DEMAND COULD NOT BE FILLED Demand for cranberries was al- ways far ahead of berries ready for shipment this fall, and the crop was cleaned up just as fast as it cou'd be gotten ready. New England Cranberry Sales, Beaton Distributing Agency, and others handling the Cape Cod crop say several times the amount of ber- ries produced could have been readily disposed of, and, in fact, "frantic" calls for more cranber- ries continued late into November, long after all berries had been either shipped or sold. N. E. Sa'es expected to be still shipping a few berries the first few days of De- cember, but everything had been pro-rated and sold, so the Cape could be said to be clean of berries long before November was over, and this quick clean-up was gen- eral everywhere. Demand was avid for both fresh and processed fruit. Just how the crop was di- vided between fresh and processed may not be determined yet, but CCI November "Cooperative News" said that co-op expected to process 18,500,000 pounds, and it has been reliably estimated that if 640,000 barrels is the total crop around 300,000 barre''s may be the amount of berries processed in all forms, including frozen. MASSACHUSETTS UBogs Look All Right — Growers, by and large, are preparing to "batten down" their bogs for the winter, with a feeling that final figures will show a Massachusetts crop of about the 470,000 barrels, previously estimated, and that, considering the state as a whole, the year has been a satisfactory one, with exce'lent recovery from the winterkill of '43-44 that helped out production so drastically last fall. Most bogs which normally have sufficient winter flowage will have it this year; all dry bogs will not. Heavy rains in November helped considerably, but water in DR. BERGMAN PETITION CONSIDERED President George E. Short of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers As- sociation has received a letter from J. H. Magness, Head Horti- cu'turist in Charge, Bureau of Plant Industry, Soils and Agricul- tural Engineering, USDA, Belts- ville, Md., favorable in aspect to- ward more winter service by Dr. Bergman in Massachusetts. This letter is in reply to petitions insti- tuted by Mr. Short in behalf of the growers to have Dr. Bergman con- tinue winter oxygen and other studies in the Massachusetts cran- berry areas, rather than being as- signed to laboratory work at Belts- vile, where he is now engaged. Letter of Dr. Magness, quoted in part, follows: "We agree with you and with the petitioners that there is urg- ent need of obtaining additional evidence on the factors influenc- ing injury to cranberries during the winter flood. We feel that the development of methods of reducing this injury is one of the very important problems in cranberry production. We be- lieve it will b epossible for Dr. Bergman to spend some time on the Cape this winter to obtain additional information on the oxygen content of flood waters under diff'erent conditions of ice cover, vine vigor, water depth, etc. We expect it will be pos- sible for him to spend at least the month of January in connec- tion with that work. It is pos- sible that in future winters he can devote even more time to the problem of winter flooding and oxygen supply. "When I visited the Cape in 1943 and discussed cranberry problems with Dr. Franklin and Dr. Bergman, Dr. Franklin indi- cated that he considered the problem of field rots of cran- cranberry as of very great im- portance among your cranberry production problems. Therefore, during the summers of 1944 and 1945 we asked Dr. Bergman to study the incidence of rots in the bogs and particularly to con- duct careful spray tests with some of the newer promising fungicide materials. This has been done and, as you know, the resuts have been quite outstand- ing so far as irnproved control of rots is concerned. We hope that Dr. Bergman can complete his reports on this work during the next several weeks here at Beltsville. "The winter flood injury pro- blem is also serious in the New Jersey cranberry area. Growers there have also requested the services of Dr. Bergman in studying this problem. He has made some trips to the area and we believe it is very desirable for him to prepare a report for the New Jersey growers. We hope, however, that this work can be done In time so that he can spend at east some weeks in the Cape Cod area this win- ter." general is still low. Some ponds and reservoirs are about normal; many are still sub-normal. Gen- eral supply is better, however, than in the past two or three years. There shou'd be no general serious winterkilling. . Vines look healthy. Considerable sanding has been done. In other words, at begin- ning of winter, the outlook for next year in Massachusetts looks all right except for indications, in the opinion of Dr. Franklin, that girdler may come more into the picture than desirable. Dr. Frank- lin's opinion at this time might be fairy stated as that '46 prospects are average, or maybe better. UPows stay Till Dec. 31— An extension of seiwice for German POWS to assist such growers as have been able to obtain labor (Continued on Page 23) Five Utilization of Idle Lands Around the Cranberry Bogs Holly Cultivation Could Make Profitable "Side" Crop and Aid in Preservation of Native Tree in Massachusetts and and New Jersey. Mr. Wheeler Long Interested in Horticulture ■ By WILFRED WHEELER It might seem almost an impertinence on my part to even suggest to the cranberry growers that there is another crop which they might cultivate in connection with their present profession. But several rea- sons tempt me to do so. First of these is that I have an ardent desire to protect our beau- tiful native holly from extinction, and secondly that many cranberry growers are right in the area where holly grows naturally. Also they own or control much of the best holly land,. In this way, they are, as a group, better fitted to handle such a holly proposition than others do who have no experience or the equipment to grow anything. Thircly, there is in my opinion a very definite future in growing holly for the Christmas market, thus increasing cash income, so I am not asking anyone to do something for nothing. Not alone is holly a Christmas or seasonal business, but there is an ever-growing demand for holly tree^, especially northern grovim, hardy ones so that for years to come it will be impossible to supply the necessary trees from northern nurseries. Therefore, the trees that the cranberry grower may plant and care for about his bogs will continue to increase in value and help to supply the demand for this beautiful ornamental tree. There is very often idle upland about a cranberry bog that is not usee for any special purpose, both on Cape Cod and the cranberry sec- tions of New Jersey. These lands are likely to have wild holly trees that have been neglected by the owner of the land throuT;h the years or, far too often, partly ruined by persons who have trespassed, and, without thought, torn or mutilated the holly trees in their anxiety to procure the decorative, berried branches. Such land the cranberry grower could at once begin to turn to his advantage by a definite system of holly culture. The first step in helping the na- tive trees is that of cleaning up about these trees, removal of the bi-ush, vines and competing trees. Pruning and fertilizing, too, are essential to getting these hollies into early production. Having these wild trees is a comparatively easy way to getting started into growing holly, for when given good care they will start bearing in a short time and soon repay the first cost of clearing about them. Trees smothered in brush are of necessity s ow growing, but these same trees given a chance will grow from one to two feet a year and produce heavy crops of larger and better colored fruits. Having cleaned up the wild trees in yO'jr woods, the second step is the planting of new ones and this should be done with a carefully laid out plan looking toward a per- manent holly .orchard which prom- ises a very definite return on cap- ital invested. The holly market of the future will depend on com- mercially grown holy just as 't now depends on that cut from the wild trees that are rapidly disap- pearing. On the Pacific coast a variety of English holly is being grown commercially and very profitable returns are reported for the crop. There are some places in the east where this type of holy can be grown and no doubt more hardy strains will be developed, but for the present eastern grow- ers will have to depend on our own native variety Ilex Opata. Fortunately during the past twenty or more years there has been an awakened interest in the holly, not alone in protecting the tree from extinction but with a view to its commercial pogssibility, Wilfrid Wheeler was born and brought up on the ancestral Wheel- er Farm in Concord, Massachu- setts, and has always kept close to the Agricu'tural and Horticul- tural interests of Barnstab e coun- ty and Massachusetts. Joining the Mass. Horticultural Society in 1896, he has acted as trustee and served on many important commit- tees, being particularly active in the exhibitions of the society. ^ He_ attended Brown University and the Bussey Institution of Har- vard University which was then connected with the Arnold Arbor- etum. Appointed as delegate from the Mass. Horticultural Society to the rotate Board of Agriculture he was elected as secretary of the board and served for seven years in this capacity. When the board was dissolved he was appointed as the first Commissioner of Agriculture. Always much interested in Cape Cod he settled there in 1921 and has been actively engaged in many agricultural and horticultural pur- suits. Now living at Ashumet Farm, Falmouth, he writes: "My first interest in the native holly came from a gift of several small p'ants which I set out in the woods near my home; these trees have now grown some 15 feet in height and each year give us much pleasure in their brilliant fruit and shiny leaves. From this my interest spread to that of better protection for the trees remaining in this most northerly range for the holly, for I realized that unless something was done soon, vandals, fires, and and-clearing operations would spell the doom of the native- trees, in southern New England at least. So in addition to asking people to protect their trees and suggesting that they plant new ones I have made selections of the best holly trees over a wide area in southern New England, keeping only those that have some out- standing characteristic such as fine fo'iage, large and well-colored ber- ries, and a good-shaped tree. From these selections new trees are propagated so that these bet- ter types may be preserved." and there have been many se'ec- tions made from the better types of our native trees. So no doubt there will soon be on the market new strains of holly that will rep- resent the very best selection in color, size of fruit, foliage, and type of tree^ Sijf ' These selections will be grown in preference to the ordinary wi'd tree, but this should not deter owners of wild trees from improv- ing- them so that these will come into bearing while the newer va- i-ieties are being developed. In many places there are large numbers of small trees growing- close together. These may be thinned and p'anted where they can grow into good trees. But it should be known that the holly is male and female in separate trees. That is, fruit is only borne by the female tree and if young trees from the wood are planted the pro- portion of male to female will be about 50-50, so a lot of room is taken up by useless trees as it ;s not necessary to have as many male trees in a holly planting. One male tree to 25 females is suf- ficient. This proportion should be greater in the open where there ■'s more chance of the pollen to be carried away by the wind. In placing new hory trees for an orchard, several factors should be kept in mind such as air drain- age, soils, exposure, and ease of access to the location. Air drain- age is important, for late frosts may get the blooms when an early spring has advanced the normal time of blooming. Hol'y usually blossoms in early June, but wea- ther conditions may occasionally bring the blooming period into May. Hillsides or sloping land are best for panting holly, and if possible choose a southeastern or southwestern exposure. If well protected by high trees a slope to the northeast is 'all right, and flat land can be used if it is well above the bog level. The character of the soil for holly planting is important. While poor soils can be built up time is lost in this way and hollies do not come into bearing as quickly as on good soil. Land that will grow oak is ideal, as this soil seems to have about the right amount of acidity. Preparation of the land for the holly orchard may be of two kinds: removal of all trees and brush and plowing, or the par- tial c" earing of trees, brush, etc. It is particularly advisable to get rid of all briars and poison ivy, both of which may be removed HOLLY TREE IN NEW JERSEY Courtesy Elizabeth C. White with a chemical spray. Where the land is all cleared and plowed trees may be set as in an app^e orchard and given clean cultivation for a few years. If one has the machinery for culti- vation this is probably the easiest way to handle a lot of trees; on the other hand, the trees can be set in especially prepared holes ir- regularly to fit the land, where each tree wil' be a unit by itself, but this means mowing brush at least once a year and it is not as easy to care for the orchard as under clean cultivation. A clean culture orchard may be seeded to grass in a few years, but there is, however, some danger from fires if the gTass is not cut. In either case, space the trees about 25 feet apart and this will allow ample room for development. The ques- tion of shade or open sun is not important, as ho'ly does well under either condition provided that shade is not too dense and that other trees do not overhang the hollies. Under natural conditions in shade the leaves of hollies are usually darker than of those in the sun, but the reason for this is that the trees in the sun are usually more influenced by drought and are more apt to be in a semi- starved condition, owing to the ab- sence of decaying leaves and branches. Whatever method is used, open culture or partia' shade, soil prep- aration is the important matter. Holes should be prepared consid- ering the size of the tree, but never less than four feet across and at least two feet deep. The writer well recalls Prof. Sargent's instructions when he was Director of the Arnold Arboretum, which was, never put a ten dollar tree in a fifty cent ho'e, but rather the reverse, and he always insisted that permanent trees be planted in holes that had been prepared twenty feet across. Probably this latter was an exaggeration, but the fine ti'ees in the Arboretum are today a monument to his pains- taking cai'e for good soil prepar- ation. As a rule the soil from the hole, should not be used in setting the new tree, with the exception of the top sod and this can be put in the bottom of the hole. About most cranberry bogs are deposits of native peat and this is an excel- "ent medium to use in connectiorii with other material; peat dug at Sev.e least a year in advance of its use is better, as it will more easily mix with other ingredients. When the hole is dug fill it with oak leaves, dry or partly decayed, and tramp them down. This will make about six inches of oak leaf in the bottom of the hole. Water them if possible, then fill the hole with a mixture of peat, top soil from oak woods, oak leaf mold and well rotted either cow or hen manure. Proportions should be as follows: V2 top soil from oak woods, Vi peat, and the other % made up of manure and well rotted oak leaves. Cotton seed meal is an excellent fertilizer, but do not use anything that contains lime. It is best to prepare the holes in the fall or winter, leaving them slightly open so that the winter rains may thor- oughly wet the contents. In the spring thoroughly mix everything above the oak leaves; do not dis- turb these. If you are moving trees from the woods to a new location early spring is the best time to do this. Often this may be done in late February or March or any time up to when growth starts. Trees should be dug- carefully, retaining all of the soil that is possible, wrapped in burlap, and taken to the new location. In the case of large trees it is well to dig about them a year in advance of setting so that the roots may make a new growth to brace them against the shock of the transplanting. Very large trees may be moved in this way without injury. Watering at this time is one of the most im- portant steps in transplanting the holly tree. Apparently the newly- set tree can absorb great quanti- ties of water. In fact, water is very necessary the first year if there is little rain. After trees are set they should be mulched with such matei'ials as sawdust, shavings, old cranberry tops or oak leaves. It is advisable to use a material that will not burn readily in case of fire in the woods. Mulches are one of the most important steps in holly cul- ture and it is advisable to spread the mulch we'l out from the tree. A good mulch keeps down weeds and holds the roots cool and moist. When purchasing hollies to plant in the north it is well to re- member that the coast of Massa- chusetts is about the northern limit of our native trees and that plants originating south of New Jersey are apt to be tender in southern New England. It is very important that you know the source and variety of the trees that are going to be panted in the north, for while some southern hollies In selecting wild trees to be moved to a permanent place it is well to know the sex of the tree, and this can be done by observing the blooms in early June. The accompanying diagram shows clearly how to determine the difference between the male and female trees. The holly at the left shows the male flowers borne in cluaters of three or sometimes more, while the holly at the right shows the female tree hav- ing single flower stems; rarely a female tree will have multiple flowers. Eight may stand our milder winters, the test will come when the thermom- eter goes well below zero. There are many grafted holly plants be- ing soM which are growing on very questionably hardy roots, also there are several so-called hybrids ■ offered whieh are of doubtful hardiness. It is well to buy trees of medium size, from 2 to 4 feet, as the prob- lem of shipping and handling larger trees is serious and med- ium sized trees may be handled bare roots if planted in the early spring. The writer, however, does not advocate the use of bare root trees if others can be secured. After the holly tree has become established it will have to be fed in order to keep it growing and producing large crops of large and well-colored berries. The first prepai-ation of the soil when ma- nure is used should be enough p:ant food for the first year, but the next season some form of fer- tilizer should be used. If one can get it there is nothing better than a mulch of well-rotted cow or hen manure mixed with shavings, or sawdust is all right. Commercial fertilizers may be used, but care should be used not to get too much nitrogen in the mixture. An anal- ysis of about the following would be all right, 5-4-3, as the trees need potash and a low nitrogen content. All fertilizers should be applied in April and manure may be put on any time in the winter when the ground is frozen. Keep all ferti'izer out as far as the branches spread. Under good fertilization hollies should make a growth of from one to two feet a season, and this will be ample to make the gathering of fine sprays of berries possible. Pruning should consist largely in shaping the tree and in gather- ing the berries branches. All of this work will come in the winter and at a season when the work on the cranberry bog is at the mini- mum. The writer knows of a tree that has been pruned for over twenty years only by gathering the sprays of berries at Christmas and this tree has' continued to give an annual crop of from $15.00 to S25.00. It would seem that as this busi- CUT COURTESY MASS. HORT. SOC. Two excellent types of native holly selected on Cape Cod for extensive propagation. Left — Compact bunches of berries very useful for wreath making. Right — Loose. more open, splendid for an ornamental tree and for spray cutting. ness of holly growing develops its sales could be handled much the same as cranberries are now sold, with definite brands and estab- lished gradings. The northern market is practically unsupplied with good native holly and that which is cut in southern states is mostly sold in nearby cities. Old methods of poor cutting and no storage facilities will be changed so that holly will reach the con- sumer in perfect condition and this in itself will make for increased demand. The writer is sometimes asked: What about the future of holly as a Christmas decoration?" and his reply is: "That as long as there is a Christian religion holly will be used at its great festival, for holly and Christmas are almost synony- mous. There are so many legends connected with the life of the Mas- ter and ho'.ly that the tree has be- come a very vital part of the Christmas festivities. One of these legends says that holly sprang up in the footsteps of Christ where he walked the earth, its thorny leaves and red berries symbolizing his later sufferings. Often the holly has been referred to as the "Holy Tree", and the name holly is probably a corruption of the older use. Song and story have kept alive the legends, so that today the holly is enshrined in the hearts of all Christendom. There should be a bright future for the hol'y farmer, and the per- son with a vision may look forward to promise as hopeful as had the early cranberry pioneer who saw beyond the horizon and who built up a business that has developed our waste lands and made one of our wild fruits world famous. Then also there should be the satisfaction of helping to save from extinction one of America's best trees, of becoming better ac- quainted with a beautiful broad- leaved evergreen, and in preserv- ing and cherishing a wonderful and symbolic decorative material. So. Rhode Island County Agent Calls Cranberry Meeting Dr. H. J. Franklin, at the request of John T. Hannah, county agent, Southern Rhode Island, told inter- ested persons of the region some facts about cranberry culture at a meeting November 15th, following k tour of Rhode Island's only large bog, that of the Summit Cranberry Company, near Coven- try and Greene. About 60 were present and many questions asked as to the possibility of growing cranberries in southern "Little Rhody". County Agent Hannah, in calling the meeting and in getting Dr. Frank'in to come over from the Massachusetts State Bog at East Wareham, had felt that cranber- ries could be a profitable crop for lands of little value in that region of Rhode Island. Summit Cran- berry Company bog has been pro- ducing crops for a great many years. That Helicopter Again It will be recalled that early in the war M. L. Urann discussed the possibilities of helicopters in cran- berry work, and now that it is postwar he plans to meet with a representative of a helicopter con- cern in New York, this being George Soule, representative of the Pitcairn Company of Philadelphia, when a dusting demonstration next spring will be discussed. Discussion had been p'anned for December, but circumstances may now postpone it until January. WISCONSIN ANNUAL MEETING DECEMBER 10 Winter meeting of Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company, which is the annual meeting, is schedu'ed for December 10, when crop fig- ures for season just past and other reports will be given and election of officers held, including election of a president to succeed the late A. E. Bennett. As an innovation this year, the annual dinner is to be held at the "Golden Gate" Inn, Wisconsin Rapids, and a profes- sional entertainment will be in- cluded. ROBERT LENARI Real Estator Reed Avenue - - Manomct, Masi. Tel. Manomet 44-R Specializing in the Purchase and Sale of Cranberry Properties Nine What About Future For the Cape Cod Cranberry Industry? Barnstable County Agent Tomlinson Sees Need for Greater "Civic Pride" and Interest of More Young Men. (Editor's Note: The following is from a recent radio address by Bertram Tom- linson) . Good afternoon, folks. Today, I want to discuss our Cape Cod cranberry industry and wi 1 try to review very briefly its early his- tory, the trend of the indusrty dur- ing the past hundred years, and give you my own frank opinion in regard to future prospects. Per- haps I should explain at the start that when I speak of our Cape Cod cranberry industry I am referring primarily to the cranberry indus- try of Barnstable county rather than the entire region usually in- cluded in the term "Cape Cod cranberry industry". The chief reason I have for confining my re- marks to Barnstable County only is the fact that my oificial duties and responsibi'ities are also con- fined to Barnstable county. Our Cape cranberry industry, as you all know, ranks first in im- portance of all our agricultural enterprise. I firmly believe that- every Cape Cod citizen, regardless of occupation, should have suffic- ient pride in this industry to learn and remember the important facts about it so he may tell others not so well informed. In fact, I'd like to see a more general civic pride in the fact that we have within the borders of the county a unique fruit industry that has an import- ant value in the economic prosper- ity and development of the county. In short, I would like to see Cape citizens cranberry-conscious in the same manner as the citizens of Aroostook County, Maine, are po- tato-conscious. You know, in Aroostook County it doesn't make any difference whether you talk to a potato-grower, a banker, a gar- age man or storekeeper — they can a'l tell you approximately the thousands of acres devoted to the potato crop, and the value of the crop, as well as what it means to the business life of the county. The same thing is true of many other agricultural areas that have established a reputation for the production of some special com- modity such as hogs, beef cattle, corn, wheat, apples, etc. This civic pride does much to give the industry a high standing in the minds of its people and serves to interest young peop'e in that in- dustry so that high production and high efficiency may be maintained or increased in years to come. Ten It has been my observation that in this respect there is much op- portunity for improvement on Cape Cod. In fact, I have been surprised at times to see how little some of our cranberry grow- ers themselves know concerning the economic facts of this indus- try. It is my contention that not only cranberry growers but every citizen should have a fairly accui-- ate idea as to our cranberry acre- age, the average annual crop val- ue, and some knowledge about the interesting history which brought forth the industry that we now take for granted. Offhand, I can think of no agri- cultural crop that has such an interesting history as that of our Cape Cod cranberries. So instead of taking cranberry growing for granted, let's turn back the pages of history and see what we can discover. We learn that cranber- ries are native to this region, and at the time the white man first came to settle he found the Indian had already learned to make val- uable use of this native fruit. The unripe berries were roasted and the Indians used them as a poul- tice, believing they would draw the poison from wounds caused by poisoned arrows. The Indian squaws also made a jel'y of the ripened berries, and there seems to be no question but what they valued this fruit very highly, for in 1677, the white man had also learned their value and ten barrels of wild cranberries were sent to England as a present to King Charles II. We a'so learn that because of the abundance of these wild cranberries they were the favorite food of the long-legged cranes which were very numerous at that time, and authorities agree that the origin of the word "cran- berry" is from the berry of the crane — the cranberry. While this fruit was native to Cape Cod and was used by the Indians and the early settlers, no outstanding development towards its culture was made until the year 1816 when Henry Hal' of Dennis actually began to cultivate the cranberry. Like many other not- able happenings, this venture of Mr. Hall's was the result of an accidental discovery. It happened that he owned a piece of lowland on which wi d cranberries grew, and adjoining this was k big knoll, a low, round hill partly cov-. ered with small trees. After the trees were cut down, this knoll was subject to erosion by the wind and water, and he observed that the sand was blown or washed down among the wi"d cranberry vines in the swamp. Apparently, Mr. Hall was a good observer, and he learned that in- stead of injuring the cranberries the layer of sand actually im- proved them by stimulating better vine growth and the vines had larger berries. This accidental discovery was the origin of the fundamental idea of covering peat bogs with sand to stimu'ate better production. Later, Mr. Hall took advantage of this discovery, ac- cording- to A. W. Tabell, in his book entitled "Cape Cod Ahoy", "by clearing his swamp in shipshape fashion, by setting out vines in a sanded topsoil, and by nursing his venture with such care as to win unexpected results". Other citi- zens of Dennis began to put these findings to use and there developed up to the time of the Civil War a gradual expansion of the cultiva- tion of cranberries. An industrial depression occurred in the area directly after the Civil War, pri- marily because iron steamships were replacing our wooden sailing ships, and second, because of ship- ping goods by rail rather than by sea, "and third, because of the de- cline of our fisheries. This situa- tion caused some Cape people to migrate elsewhere in search of emp'oyment, but many sea cap- tains owned considerable areas of swamp land, and they began to build cranberry bogs. In fact, some of these men had attained such skill that their services were in demand in Plymouth County, and some even went as far as New Jersey to build bogs for others. And so it came about that there was a rapid expansion in the cran- berry acreage of Barnstable Coun- ty. Our peak acreage was reached as long ago as 1905, when the rec- ords show that there were nearly four thousand, seven hundred acres of bog in Barnstable County a'one. Naturally, this concentration of planting was accompanied by many new agricultural problems that proved very baffling to these pioneer producers, and shortly afterwards the state of Massachu- setts recognized the situation by the establishment of a cranberry experiment station at East Ware- ham in 1910. Dr. Henry J. Frank- lin was employed to headup this station and is still serving very efficiently in that capacity. During this period of rapid ex- pansion of the cranberry acreage, it was only natural that mistakes in judgment occurred, and it devel- oped that many acres of bogs were built in locations which did not prove satisfactory. Many of these unfavorable locations were located on or adjacent to salt-water marsh and in times when high course tides were driven inland by high winds these bogs were killed out and became worthless. From the maximum acreage of 4,700 in 1905, the acreage has steadily declined to 3,500, as shown by a very comprehensive survey conducted in 1934. Since then there has been no substantial change either way. This loss of 1,200 acres of cran- berry bogs was not at all due to the selection of improper location. Perhaps ha^f of that loss may be more directly attributed as coming about through the change in own- ership. For example, many small bogs that were once productive were inherited by sons or daugh- ters of cranberry growers who had long since left Cape Cod. Such bogs were harvested whenever Nature was generous enough to bless them with a crop, but in many cases, little or no maintenance work was done. The drainage ditches became filled up, and grad- ua'ly weed growth, trees and oth- er swamp growth occupied the area. Despite this great shrinkage in bog area, cranberry growing is still Number 1 agricultural indus- try of Cape Cod, and the favorable prices that have generally pre- vailed during the past 20 years have served to place a high valua- tion on such property. In fact, it is general'y recognized that a good cranberry bog with flowage and sanding privileges is one of the best investments anyone could have at the present time. There are, of course, many factors which have brought this situation about, such as the scientific knowledge acquired which makes it possible for growers to provide effective control measures to combat insect and disease pests, discoveries that have helped growers manage their bogs in such a way as to keep down weed growth, and also, the great progress made in the coop- erative marketing of the crop. Perhaps the greatest protection of all, however, to this cranberry in- dustry is the natural limitations on its growth imposed by the laws of Nature. During the 129 years that the industry has been in the process of development, the pro- duction of cranberries has been confined largely to Southeastern Massachusetts, New Jersey, Wis- consin, the states of Washington and Oregon, and in normal times Massachusetts produces about two-thirds of the nation's crop. While it is still possible for some expansion of this industry in other parts of the country, there is no immediate prospect of its being overdone, due to the rather exact- ing soil, sand, water and c.imatic conditions required. With this heavy, hasty review of the cranberry history to date, what does the future hold forth in the way of further developments in Barnstable County? Will our acreage stabilize at 3,500 or must we look forward to a steady de- cline? Well, fo'ks, I do not claim to be a prophet as to what may take place in the future, but cer- tain trends are noticeable which do not appear too favorable. One of these trends is the general lack of interest and enthusiasm by cranberry growers themselves. For example, in 1924, the records (Continued on Page 14) Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK At Screen houses, Bo^s and Pumps Means Satisfaction ALFRED PAPPI WAREHAM, MASS. Tal. 620 Wa Have Llstino of Cranberry Bogs, Large and Small FOR SALE Geo. A. Cole Agency WILDA HANEY Decas Block Wareham, Massachusetts "Markets Are Purchasing Power" For forty years our management has sold cranberries to markets all over the country. We know the trade, they recognize our fortitude in packing and shipping superior quality cranberries. Increasing market demand for "SUITS-US BRAND" pack requires a greater volume of supply. We need more and more cranberries. COLLEY CRANBERRY COMPANY Plymouth, Mass, Office 17 Court Street Plymouth - 1622 Telephone Eleven Christmas Greetings This is the 42nd in a series of messages, sponsored by the folIoAving public-spirited firms and individuals. Slocum-Cibbs Cranberry Co. RUEL S. GIBBS. Gen. Mgr. Jesse A. Holmes & Son Sawmills at Carver, Mass. Tel. Carver 10-3 Fuller-Hammond Co. Onset, Mass. ROBT. C. HAMMOND Decas Cranberry Company Growers and Shippers of CAPE COD CRANBERRIES Wareham, Mass. Smith-Hammond Co. Pt. Independence, Mass. CARLETON D. HAMMOND General Manaper CARLETON D. HAMMOND. JR. Ass't General Manager Acushnet Saw Mills Co. New Bedford, Mass. GOOD WOOD BOXES Est. 1865 L. B. R. BARKER Buzzards Bay Mass. H. R. BAILEY CO. South Carver, Mass. ELLIS D. ATWOOD South Carver, Mass. Twelve (^ditMals ISSUE OF DECEMBER, 1945 Vol. 10 - No. 8 C/^!^'^'^*^*4^^ IT WAS A GOOD CROP AND PRICES WERE HIGH THE 1945 cranberry crop of the country is being cleaned up with results known to every grower, and taking the industry as a whole it must be recorded as a satis- factory year — not for every individual, nor for every area, but as a unit. Ceiling prices were not set as high as many within the industry wished for or thought should have been applied, but at the prices estab- lished demand was "terrific." The crop would beyond a doubt have been easily disposed of at higher figures, so eager was the market for cranberries this year. However, if final "historical" figure for U. S. production is set at around 640,000 barrels and the grower should have re- ceived up towards $19.00 average for his berries, fresh and processed, it is easy to figure that the industry emerged from the final year of the late war pretty well off. This year's crop was not a "big" one, as hasty headline writers may have led the public to believe, only probably slight- ly above normal. The "million-barrel" crop may or may not be just around the corner (or several corners), but the indus- try is in position to produce very substan- tial crops of cranberries. Outlook, as far as can be seen ahead at this writing, for next year is good, for both Massachusetts and Wisconsin; West Coast harvestable acreage and production is "upping," even though Jersey trend is sharply down. Immediate postwar years are predicted to see enormous food production in most commodities. The war with technological advancements will give the consumer foods through new methods, both fresh and processed, new packaging and meth- ods of transportation. The cranberry in- dustry has grown in experience and ac- quired knowledge through the war. It will not be the same pre-war conditions the industry will face in the coming years, but radically different ones. CONGRATULATIONS to Mr. and Mrs. Marcus L. Urann, who on November 18th quietly observed their 50th wedding anniversary at their home, receiving many congratulatory cards, and best wishes of many friends, CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS Subscription $2.50 per year Advertising rates upon application Editor and Publisher CLARENCE J. HALL LEMUEL C. HALL Associate Editor CORRESPONDENTS-ADVISORS Wisconsin VERNON GOLDSWORTHY Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin Washington-Oregon J. D. CROWLEY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. ETHEL M. KRANICK Bandon, Oregon Massachusetts DR. HENRY .T. FRANKLIN Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment StatinT^ East Wareham. Mass. BERTRAM TOMLINSON Barnstable County Agricultural Agent Barnstable. Mass. New Jersey CHARLES A. DOEHLERT, Acting Chief, New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station, Pemberton, New Jersey TRANS-CONTINENTAL WE are interested in that proposal of CCI for West Coast members to get together with Eastern growers at the an- nual CCI meeting at Hanson. Massachusetts in June, with ston-over in Wisconsin and a detour to New Jersey. There was also mention of an excursion of Eastern grow- ers to the West. There are some fine folks on the West Coast and some fine folks on the East and in between, and they should get together once in a while — now that the war is over. If cranberry pil- grimages from West to East and East to West, with as long a stop-over as possible in vital Wisconsin, do come about, it would be mighty nice for all concerned, and even better if not limited to those of a single cooperative and to include independents as well. It should be "one world" of cran- berries. Thirteen Tomlinson (Continued from Page 11) showed that there were 1313 grow- ers of cranberries, owning and op- erating 4,331 acres of bogs, or 3.3 acres per grower. Ten years lat- er, the number of growers was reduced to 655, operating on'y 3,500 acres of bogs, or an average of 5.3 acres per grower. Thus, in the short space of ten years, 658 or just 50% of the growers went out of business. Another trend which is quite noticeable is that very few young people seem to have elected cranberry growing as a vocation, and if this continues to be the case our present bogs will continue to be sold for merg- ing with larger operating units or they will go out of production al- together. Of the two factors named, I consider the lack of in- terest by young peop'e by far the more serious. No industry can re- main static — it must either forge ahead and develop prosperously, or it must decline. Some of you may be wondering if I have an explanation as to why more young people are not becom- ing cranberry growers. Well, I do have an opinion on the matter, and here it is. I have observed no strong sense of civic pride throughout the county in regard to the cranberry industry. There- fore, the young people are not ex- posed to the idea of regarding cranberry growing as a desirable vocation. Sometimes I fear they are too interested primarily in looking for jobs requiring less manual effort, and too, perhaps there are still those who are fool- ish enough to believe that if a boy is bright and gets along well with his school work, farming or any branch of it is not for him. Re- gardless of what opinion one may have in regard to scho'astic abil- ity, I maintain that to be success- ful, the modern farmer, and this includes cranberry growers, needs as much education and as much training as any vocation that can be mentioned, and so, folks, in conclusion, I would like to say that the future of our Cape Cod cranberry industry is entirely de- pendent on whether our young people are going to acquire an in- terest in taking over the ownership and operation of these valuable properties in the years ahead. Fourteen LEAVING EAST BOSTON AIRPORT Cape Cod Cranberries Are Flown To the Pacific Coast "Flying Tiger Line" Takes Load of Cellophane- Wrapped Fresh Berries Trans-Continent. Cranberries in their fresh form have joined the air cavalcade to market, along with other "up-to- date", airborne produce. The last week in October (as reported last month) J. J. Beaton Company of Wareham, Massachusetts, re- ceived an order for berries to be sent by air to West Coast, where they were loaded on Clipper plane for further air transport to Pearl Harbor and the Philippines. A. D. Makepeace Co., also of Wareham, sent an airload of cellophaned cranberries from East Boston Air- port to Long Beach, California, the flight leaving East Coast in the late afternoon of November 13th, arriving at the Pacific Coast before 6.30 the next afternoon. The shipment consisted of 300 cases of fresh berries in pound cellophane packages, 246 packages to the case, or more than 7,000 pounds of Cape Cod cranberries. They were sent on order, F. 0. P. of Von's Grocery Company, 3576 Wilshire Blvd., Los Angeles, and were flown via National Skyways Corporation, or the famous "Fly- ing Tiger Line." This is the out- fit of ex-war pilots, members of the group, upon their entry into civilian air transport, having re- ceived much accord. Air transport of bulk cranber- ries may not become a general postwar practice, as it has with the shippers of certain more per- ishable fruits and vegetables, but it cannot be said the cranberry in- dustry lagged long in taking ac least a flyer into the newest mode of transport. Atwood Railroad (Continued from Pase 4) many thousands interested in rail- roads and many especially in the narrow gauge, now vanishing from use. His plan to preserve one of the most historic, even though in a new setting, is developing interest among fans all over the coimtry. This interest of the "Bogger" railroad, plus the lure of cranber- ries, should make "Atwood's Cran- berry Acres" a much-visited place in the near future. Christmas Peace and Joy To All PLYMOUTH Tel. 740 Peter A. LeSage YARMOUTH Distributor of Cape Cod Cranberries xei. Barnstable 107 Joe" Darlington Is Host To Ocean-Burlington Co. Growers Sanding Demonstration and Study Conducted at His North Branch, New Jer- sey Bog, in Cooperation with Doehlert and County Agents. County Agents Daniel Kensler of Burlington County, and Herbert Bidlack of Ocean County, in coop- eration with C. A. Doehlert of the Research Laboratory, Pemberton, last month, conducted an interest- ing sanding demonstration on the bogs of Joseph W. Darlington at North Branch. "Joe" Darlington has persona'ly taken over the North Branch tract which is lo- cated on the fringe of the large Whitesbog property. During the past two years he has been getting results with heavy sanding on old deep vines, which are encouraging to New Jersey growers. Burling- ton and Ocean Counties are the two largest producing cranberry counties in New Jersey and it hap- pens that the North Branch bogs lie in both counties. About forty growers were pres- ent. Several items of special in- terest were: the Ford-Ferguson sand loader; the use of portable wooden trackways which make it possible to drive a truck from the sand pit right out upon the bog; the strong recovery of girdler in- jured vines sanded a year ago and some as recent'y as last spring; and an exhibit of some of Darling- ton's mechanical equipment. In New Jersey suitable sand is seldom found at the bank of the bog and usually has to be trucked for a considerable distance, fre- quently as much as a mile or two. The use of plank tracks is not new, having been described by Stir- ling Otis in 1933 at an Association meeting and used on the Otis Brothers' bogs. "Joe" has devel- oped the plank trackways so that he can use dump trucks loaded with about a ton and a half of sand. Two men spread from the truck and three from the ground. A low-priced sand loader is, of course of special interest to small grow- ers. Opinion pointed out at the meeting that the good results be- ing obtained were not merely due to the sanding operation but also to the fact that Darlington spends a great deal of time on his bogs watching the growth of the vines. He takes special care during wet spe'ls to get rid of surplus water. Although these bogs are not thor- oughly graded and leveled he man- ages to get them wet down during dry weather by making use of brakes in his ditches and also filling his marginal ditch. During the first year after sanding, he finds that he can use more water than he would use of bearing bogs for irrigation. In this way he gets a strong new growth much more promptly. These are mud bottom bogs planted chiefly to Howes. Some aircraft landing plank were on disp'ay. These planks are 10 feet long and 15 inches wide. They are made of steel or of aluminum and perforated with 2% inch holes. When laid end to end these plank are not quite equal to carrying the heavy dump trucks. Although they have not been tried out with light weight "touring car" trucks, they would probably prove to be strong enough for that purpose. Steel p'anks can be ob- tained through the services of the American Cranberry Exchange. There seems to be no supply of- surplus aluminum planks. Natur- ally, the idea of metal planks is attractive because it eliminates loss by splitting and snapping. Fifteen MEXICAN NATIONA Long Beach Added "South of Border" Help to Harvest Once was the time when "nat- ive" Cape Codders, Jerseyites, set- tlers of Wisconsin, Oregon and Washington, with native Indian Indian help, harvested the commer- cial cranberry crop of the country. LS ON PARRISH BOG With the advent of World War II, the fall scene changed dramatical- ly from the former pretty much domestic picture, even though Cape Verdeans, who sett ed in Southeastern Massachusetts, had becomet he principal Cape harvest- ers, and also to some extent in New Jersey, together with Italian immigrants. "Imported" labor has borne a considerable brunt of this work since the war, Jamaicans, Baham- ans, Kentuckians, and German prisoners of war having learned to harvest this American berry, nat- ive to certain colder areas of the country, and for the past two sea- sons Mexican Nationals have scooped cranberries on the Long Beach Peninsula, Washington. The group shown in the photograph are working on the bogs of Rolla Par- rish, a major grower of the West Coast. Mr. Parrish (CRANBERRIES, Nov. 1944) had 20 of these work- ers this year from October first. He has a total of about 90 acres, mostly o"d plantings of the "false boom" in that area of 25 years or so ago, which he is bringing back into producctive bog. He had a splendid crop this fall on about 30 of these. The Mexicans are workinjg only on Mr. Parrish's bogs, as he is the largest Peninsula grower, and il was felt that if the imported help was used on Mr. Parrish's bo3's the other growers' needs could be filled by local labor.Ralph Do It With DYNAMITE! The modern way to . . — build ditches • — remove stumps — excavate rocks — dig cores for dykes — loosen sub soil is with dynamite! Let me tell you results other growers have obtained, and the savings realized. Will be glad to consult with you on any work you are planning, and quote prices. Expert service. Trained by Hercules Powder Co. ALTON J. SMITH HIGH STREET - - HANSON, MASSACHUSETTS Telephone — Bryantville 209R.3 Sixteen Best Wishes for A MERRY CHRISTMAS and PROSPEROUS NEW YEAR Plenty of Berries and a Good Price HAYDEN SEPARATOR MANUFACTURING CO. E. C. St. Jacques WAREHAM, MASS. E. Roffler, Pacific County Agent, who has become greatly interested in the growing cranberry industry in that county, forming the north- ern border of the Columbia river, was instrumental in the labor pro- curement. It may be noted the Mexicans are scooping from a standing po- sition, which is typical of scooping in that area, as it is in New Jer- sey, in sharp contrast to scooping while kneeling, as is the prevailing custom in Massachusetts, and that they are using the type of scoop which is also much favored in Jersey, rather than Massachusetts. "The Story of Sabadilla" "The Story of Sabadilla", is an interesting booklet published by McConnon & Company of Winona, Minnesota, answering the question, "What is Sabadilla" and explaining its uses. "Sabadilla is a weed which grows on a lily-like plant. It is a native plant of the countries sur- rounding the Caribbean Sea. It grows wild in those areas and there has been no attempt up to the present to cultivate it commer- cial'y there. The seed head re- sembles barley and is very hard. The principal active ingredients are alkaloids. Many years ago German and Finnish farmers found that Sabadilla seed, when ground, was effective for killing lice on their cattle and through the years ever since have purchased seed, chiefly from their druggists, and ground it for this practical pur- pose. German and Finnish far- mers in the United States continue to this day to use sabadilla for this purpose." The bulletin continues that it was not until recent years that sabadi'la was considered for use as a commercial insecticide and it was found to be very "erratic." "It remained for Dr. T. C. Allen and his associates of the Univer- sity of Wisconsin to develop an activating process which would make all sabadilla insecticides uni- formly effective. He applied for patents on the process assigned to the Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation (McConnon and Com- pany operate under a license from the Foundation)." The booklet states that sabadilla is not toxic to man and animals, but that it causes sneezing, and therefore operators mixing dusts with saba- dilla and possibly those applying sabadilla dusts in the field should wear a simple mask to remove dust particles from the air breathed in. Regarding cranberries, bulletin reports: "Sabadjlla insecticides gave excellent control of the blunt- nosed leafhopper and the fireworm on cranberries on Cape Cod. This work was conducted by Dr. Frank- lin and others. Dusts containing 20 per cent of activated sabadilla were found to give excellent con- trol in large-sca'e field tests and commercial use. Talc or pyrophyl- lite should be used as the diluent, because sulphur is injurious to cranberries." As for the future of sabadilla, the booklet states new uses for activated sabadilla are being de- veloped constantly by the United States Department of Agriculture, many of the state experimental stations, as well as some commer- cial companies who are carrying on research and experimentation in cooperation with universities and by themselves. "It is certain that many new important uses will be found for activated sabadilla as an insecti- cide. This toxic has already found its place for controlling many of the 'hard t okill' insects and shows great promise in much broader fields. It will be well for those interested in insecticides, either for manufacture or actual use, to keep their eyes on the old-time Finnish 'louse killer' ". Cranberry Poem Following is a poem written and read by Theodore W. Brazeau of Central Cranberry Company and prominent Wisconsin attorney, be- fore a recent meeting of Wiscon- sin growers: TOAST TO THE CRANBERRY- AMERICA'S BERRY Graceful in form With color sublime, Nestled in moss 'Neath green trailing vine; God put you there In that old Eastern moor, A welcome to Pilgrim On freedom's new shore; Yours was the glory On bleak, barren coast To be to these strangers A colorful host, Given by God to this Nation alone; This is your birthplace And this is your home. Seven teea i ' • - - '^ ^"i-te. i™. ^^Sm^^m •lKr~~ •' ' ^ • ii\ H^^ m m %i ARMY BARRACKS NOW WAREHOUSE Buying, througrh re-nee;otiation half of the Army barracks buildings at the Tri- City Airport, Wisconsin Rapids, and moving these to his bog at Biron, William F. Huffman obtained an economical and well-arranged warehouse- The barracks were built in five-foot sections and so were easily transported. At the marsh they were re-assembled in the form of a big "T", with the sections long and narrow, giving excellent cross ventilation and good lighting for storage and sorting space. CRANBERRY SCOOPS and SCREENINGS "Pai-ade", the picture supple- ment appearing in Sunday news- papers of the country, on Novem- ber 25th (and presumably noted by many cranberry growers), carried nearly four pages of photograps and story concerning the cranberry industry, as was mentioned last month. "Berries of the Bog" was the heading and it showed three boys and three girls, pupils at Middleboro (Massachusetts) High school, spending a day picking cranberries on a bog at Middle- boro. The boys and girls were shown leaving the High school on bikes, arriving at the bog, starting to woi-k; the boys scooping, and the gir's by hand; carrying berries ashore with a wheelbarrow, and then preparing a turkey dinner with cranberry sauce. This "cran- berry outing" was arranged by representatives of "Parade" in cooperation with A. D. Benson and Miss Sue A. Pitman of New Eng- land Cranberry Sales Co. A tur- key-baking scene was taken in the kitchen of Mr. Benson's old New England house at Lakeville. The article carried some information about Cape Cod's cranberry indus- try: that three-quarters of the crop is gi'own in Southeastern Massa- chusetts and would bring the grow- ers "close to $10,000,000 this year." "Parade Quick Quiz" i-e- vealed that cranberries were also grown in Wisconsin and New Jer- sey (West Coast was omitted); that Pilgrim Fathers found cran- berries growing when they came to America, and that corn and tobacco were other strict'y Amer- ican contributions to the food of the world. * * * « * Supply outlook for agricultural insecticides is essentially un- changed, November issues of A. I. F. News, publication of Agricul- tural Insecticide and Fungicide Association reports. "Uncertain- ..••<«V^*0"Sfeft. clad Tidings and Christmas Greetings May we all look hopefully to a bright postwar future NEW ENGLAND CRANBERRY SALES CO. MIDDLEBORO, MASSACHUSETTS "The Fresh Cranberry Cooperative" Eishteeh ties sucK as manpower, containers End transportation mean that while rr":duction and distribution facil- 'ii::s are ample, they sti 1 may not function at pre-war speed". This need for time emphasizes the im- prriance cf early spray schedules. ***** In a Thanksgiving broadcast Frank Sinatra, telling from what i~arts of the country come various products, referred to cranberries, mentioning them as "up around V/isconsin, Minnesota and Mich- igan." Can this reference from the idol of the Bobby Soxers mean that Wisccnsin is beginning to re- place Cape Cod in popular accept- ance as the home of the cranberry ? However, to offset this "slight" to Eastern pride, N. Y. Times of Nov. 25th, in an article upon pro- duce transactions in the Washing- ton Street produce district of New York City, spoke of Cape Cod cranberries rolling through the night via New Haven R. R. loco- motive bound for the big city market. That ties the score 1-1. ***** We are sorry to learn that Charles L. Lewis is confined' to "his home at Shell Lake, Wisconsin, as the result of an auto accident, '"n which his son "Chuck" also re- ceived cuts and scratches. Mr. Lewis suffered a fractured right shoulderblade which will keep him inactive for a time. ***** Miss Elizabeth C. White, who is making progress from illness at her home at Whitesbog, New Jer- sey, has the best wishes of the in- . dustry. ***** Various of the younger cranber- ry members of the cranberry in- dustry who have been in service are returning to their peacetime work. Among these in Massachu- setts are Maurice Makepeace, who was in the Navy and has retui-ned to the A. D. Makepeace Company at Wareham. Also Marcus K. Urann, son of Mr. and Mrs. Carl B. LTrann, back after three years in the Army, most of which time "Marky" spent in England as a meteoro'ogist of the 8th Air Force. ***** Reorganization and revival of interest in' Ocean "County- ■ fNew Jersey) Cranberry Club may be one step to stress the importance of sound all-around cranberry prac- tices to help bring up Jersey pro- duction. GROSSMAN'S A half century of service Materials Now Available WITHOUT PRIORITY Tel. New Bedford 5-7438 27 Ashley Boulevard The SKINNER System of Irrigation For Cranberry Irrigation and Frost Protection Suitable piping and SKINNEH SYSTEM.-simple, durable, non-clogging UTILITY HEADS are now available for this work Send for blue print and detailed specifications showiner cost of typical 2 Vs acre bos. Overhead Irrigation Systems for All Purposes THE SKINNER IRRIGATION CO. TROY, OHIO GEORGE N. BARRIE, New England Distributor BROOKLINE, MASSACHUSETTS Nineteep Oi. ^^uV'dj ^^ Christmas Greetings! To all, the very best of wishes for a Merry peace- time Christmas and happy holiday season. We wish to express our sincere thanks to our friends and those we have been privileged to serve, and to say we hope we may be extended your patron- age to continue to serve cranberry growers through- out the coming years. STOKELY FOODS, Inc. 90 Riverside Avenue, New Bedford, Mass. R. F. APPLING, Manager General OfiBces: Indianapolis, Indiana Twenty Second Test of Hybrids in Spring Final arrangements will be made soon to conduct the second test of the cranberry seedlings developed by the United States Department cf Agriculture. Tentative ar- langements have been made by Dr. F. B. Chandler, in charge of the project, with the J. J. Beaton Company, and the A. D. Makepeace Company in Massachusetts and Theodore H. Budd and Cutts Bro- thers in New Jersey. Runners from each seedling of the hybrids will be set in all locations in late April or early May. Survey Meeting of the Cranberry In- dustry Survey Committee of eight which was proposed for last month, was postponed until December 17 and 18 in New York, where hotel accommodations had been re- served. This was scheduled to be an executive meeting. Attorneys Loos and Quarles having accepted assignments to draw up papers for some form of consolidation, per- haps along the line of an associ- ation of cooperatives between American Cranberry Exchange and the three state companies and Cranberry Canners, if such con- so"idation or association is decided upon. As this issue goes to press, there was some thought that the meeting might be further post- poned because of the confinement of Charles L. Lewis of Wisconsin, committee member, from an auto- mobile accident, making it impos- sible for him to attena. J. C. Makepeace, secretary of the associ- ation, said he believed the meeting would be held. Notices to mem- bers had been sent out. New Jersey Latest unofficial estimates of the New Jersey crop have placed it "around" 48,000 barrels. There was more field and storage rot than for several years past, this, in the opinion of Dr. Wi'cox, USDA., being a development of the unusual abundance of rain dur- ing bloom and early growth. Christmas Greetings and every good wish for the New Year to our many friends and customers on the Cape The Rogers & Hubbard Co. PORTLAND, CONN. AT THIS PEACETIME CHRISTMAS We wish to express sincere greetings and best wishes to all in the Cranberry Industry. Stauffer Chemical Company One Park Avenue New York, N. Y. To our faithful friends and our cherished new ones throughout the cranberry industry, we ex- tend Sincere Christmas Greetings and Good Wishes for 1946. JOHN POWELL & CO., INC. One Park Avenue, New York, N. Y. ■+ Twenty-one ! May the holiday season be rich in blessings Theodore H. Budd Pemberton New Jersey All the best wishes for I Real Christmas cheer lAnd the happiest kind of %m (^''Tr4'^^^ ■■+ "" "" "Hr A bright New Year. Badger Cranberry Co. Midwest Cranberry Co. CHARLES L. LEWIS Shell Lake, Wis. Best wishes to you and yours for a very Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year George E. Short Island Creek, Mass. ,1 .-.v vVr.VK:-5-'v!SSi'5^?^i ^'Peace On Earth, Good Will Toward Men" Since our last greeting to you, longed for Peace has become a reality. We re.ioice in the thought that our dear ones will be returning to us and that fear and deprivation are fast becoming a dim memory. We pray that this war has taught us a lesson, and that nations, as well as individuals, will have seen the futility of greed and will turn to a more un- selfish way of living to promote a world of Peace, Plenty and Prosperity. With this in mind, we extend to you, one and all, our sincerest wishes for a Merry Christmas and a very Happy New Year. ELTHEA E. and ELLIS D. ATWOOD. South Carver, Massachusetts Twenty-two Fresh froiii the Fields (Continued from Page S) from this limited pool, with after- harvest work, has been obtained by County Agent (Barnstable) Tomlinson until year end. Orig- inal contract for this help was to have it end October 31. The ex- tension of this order, involving 150 workers, is giving opportunitj; for more sanding, raking, and other work. This deal was executed through a direct contract with CCI, Ferris Waite in charge. This labor last spring and summer. BETTER IRRIGATION ^ With LESS thought not necessary by many, has proven of great value to those growers who have been so assisted and thus relieved the general la- bor tightness to that extent. Ser- vice of all the available POWS has long since been spoken for. WISCONSIN 1175-80,000 Bbls.— At end of har- vest and clean-up of crop best es- timates available are that produc- tion win have run between 75,000 to 80,000 barrels. This can be based upon the fact that Wiscon- sin Cranberry Sales Company members will have produced about 70,000, while independents will have probably cropped 5,000 bar- rels, and better. in Pacific county has increased its harvestable acreage this year over last by about 83 psr cent through rejuvenating old, woody bogs, ac- cording to an estimate of Bureau of Agricultural Economics, Seat- tle. A recent release from this Crop Reporting Service set total state acreage for harvest at 700. Reease further says, that about 200 additional acres planted at Grayland will come into bearing in 1946. WATER A Model For Every Pressure For Form, O and quickly n Heavy duty I for long serv ter lubricated quired. No wear out. M( button. Write i^d or Truck Garden. Easily |lnted on any irrigation pipe, ^ss and bronze construction Sand and dirt proof. Wa- ^arings— no oil or grease re- moving parts to rapidly num coverage— even distri- (lure ond prieer. THE CLAPPER CO. FORMERLY NEW ENGLAND TORO CO. 1121 WASHINGTON ST. WEST NEWTON 65, MASS. PHONE BIGELOW 790O .,, BUCKNER MANUFACTURING CO. (. 161S Blackstonc Ave., Fresno, Califomi* ftUCKNER SPRINKLERS TI'46 Prospects Fine — Concurring in a previously-expressed opinion of Vernon Goldworthy, that as Wisconsin vines went under for the winter covering, next year's crop prospects are excee:ltn, is H. F. Bain. Current outlook for 1946 is very good. While production as a whole was lower, not all produc- ers had smaller crops. Among those having more than last year were Albert Hedler, Guy Nosh and the two Charles L. Lewis com- panies; in fact, these four units contributed more than a quarter of the total state production. ITGrayland's Biggest Crop — In spite of various fall troubles, Grayland growers were hoping the harvest would reach 110,000 quar- ters, the largest ever produced. This was the opinion as harvest was nearing completion after the midd'e of November. ^Rains Delayed — October was fine until about the 20th and then came rains; after that date few dry berries were brought in from the fields. There was continual rain or heavy showers every hour or ARIENS-7i7/&r WASHINGTON HMore and Better Acreage — Washington's constancy increasing production (this year estimated at 36,400 bbls.) is due not alone to "booming" Grayland, but the II- waco-Long Beach Peninsula area THE MOST COMPLETE LINE OF TILLAGE EQUIPMENT N THE WORLD CA PACITIES H IN TO 7 FT CUTTING WIDTHS ARIENS CO. OX SOS BRILLION. WIS THOMAS BROTHERS General Contractors MIDDLEBORO, MASS. Tel. Middleboro 772 Concrete Flumes and Pumpwells Transit Mix Concrete Complete Line of Construction Equipment Excavating - Grading - Hauling Leave the Tough Jobs for Us Our Experience is Your Guarantee FLEX-O-SEAL PORTABLE PRESSURE-TIGHT IRRIGATION PIPE • For Overhead Sprinkler Systems Showing Flexibility of Pipe Joint Male End Female End Write Distributors below for full details: Miller Irrigation Co., Inc., Williamstown, N. Y. Lewis W. Barton, Haddoniield, New Jersey Farm Bureau Ass'n, 1S5 Lexington St., Waltham 54, Mass. Wm. Richards, Veg-Acre Farm, Forest- dale,^ Mass. Frank E. Shepard, Shepard Farms, Wood- bury, Conn. Ideal Equipment Co., 540 Grand Ave., Port Washington, Wis. Manufactured by Chicago Metal Mfg. Co., Chicago 32, 111. Twenty-three so, and only a bright day now and then. It was difficult to dry the berries to run them through the separators. In the midst of the rain there were a couple of days of low temperatures and some frost damage occurred on one night. eyes, are being intensively tested as a possible means for economical application of insecticides over crop areas. Tests have been made in New Jersey with truck-mounted equipment using DDT. OREGON No definite late estimate was available as this goes to press, but Crop Reporting Service of Portland, November first issue, gave production as expected to be 12,000 barrels. Berries sized sma'ler than last year, but showed good quality. Coos area was turning out a little below earlier expectations. In the important Coos (Bandon) area excessive May rains caused an irregular set in some instances. In Clatsop Coun- ty early May frosts did damage, and further injury resulted from a frost on night of July 6th. Final determinations for the states of Washington and Oregon, taking these as a unit, may show that this year the West Coast has exceeded Jersey in production. Fog-making machines, originally devised for the Navy's wartime use in hiding operations from enemy Best Wishes War or peace, a brave new world is in the making. Jus- tice, freedom, and unity pre- vail and we may all look hope- fully to the future. With gratitude for your continued friendship, we wish you and yours a joyous holiday season. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM Tel. 200 PLYMOUTH Tel. 1300 THROUGH TWO WARS - - AND NOW INTO PEACE, we have served the growers of Massa- chusetts with satisfaction in the marketing of their crops. GROWERS USING OUR SERVICE ARE ASSURED OF AN OUTLET FOR THEIR ENTIRE CROP AT TOP PRICES AND PROMPT RETURNS. We handle Cape Cod Cranberries exclusively iM^fi^. BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY Wareham, Massachusetts Tel. Wareham 130 Twenty-four ^ w MU^ mMi i® 1^ i® ■^ ■^ Joyous Christmas With this greeting we wish to include our cordial wish for abundant prosperity and contentment. It has been a privilege to serve the cranberry industry and we will strive with our every effort to merit a continuation of your patronage. MIN-OT FOOD PACKERS, Inc. bMidgeton, new jersey Represented by BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY ^4 m- w (§5? @? M- @5? ^ g 00 00 00 CI o CO 00 t- 00 t- OO 00 CO o cq OS u> t~ 00 us ■fr t- (M U2 (D CO oi tD 00 CO 1- S w 1-1 00 t- o OD 00 eg c- CM eo o oi 00 M o o N CO to o 00 to o CO w CO la CD CO CD CO o O ■ft CD oj CO o i CO Ol <3i O d d DO o 00 e>] C5* CO o 00 d 00 o 00 eg CO lO 00 DO 00 oi 00 00 Ol o o w o OJ 00 o d CO CD Iffl •4 o t~ Ol us o d o us o oc CO 6 s U3 w t- d CO CO CD CD CO d OS o o o c- CD d US CO oi UO o CO o o CO CD* CO o CO us o < x CO 01 M us CO eg us CC CO 00 CO o o d 00 o CO CO o eg eo o d 00 eg' eg CO d 00 eg CO 00 CO CO CO CO o d t- o o 00 d d us CO CO eo CO CO CS d CD CO CO OS CO t- 00 QO o 00 o o 00 d . 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O. Potter Elected Head of Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Co. Succeeding Late A. E. Ben- nett Is Third President Since Organization — Huff- man Re-elected Vice President Oscar 0. Potter of Warrens, of the Wisconsin pioneer cranberry- growing Potter family, was elected president of Wisconsin Cranberry Sa!es Company at the annual meet- ing December 10, filling the vac- ancy caused by the death of A. E. Bennett. Mr. Potter is but the third to hold this office since the inception of the company in 1906. William F. Huffman was re-elect- ed vice president, Vernon Golds- worthy, secretary, and Guy C. Bab- cock, treasurer. Directors named were: Dan Re- zin, C. L. Lewis, Tony Jonjak and A. H. Hedler. For the first time, because of the increase in mem- bership, voting was by the Aus- ti-alian ballot. Selected to represent Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Co. on the board of directors of American Cran- berry Exchange were Go'dsworthy, 3 years; Bernard C. Brazeau, 2 years; Craig Scott, 1 year. In connection with this representa- tion in the Exchange a resolution was passed which petitions the Exchange to increase the number of directors to four, again this be- ing due to increasing membership of the Wisconsin State Company and to increasing percentage of total Exchange production. If this petition is favorably acted up- on William F. Thiele will become the fourth director. As representatives of the Sales Company to Cranberry Canners, Inc., there were chosen Guy Pot- ter, Mr. Lewis and Mr. Hedler. Mr. Potter ((CRANBERRIES, Nov. 1943) is a son of the pioneer, M. 0. Potter, and so brother of Guy of Warrens and Roy M. of — Wisconsin Rapids. He is the eldest of the brothers and his marsh of about 30 acres is in Scott Town- ship, Monroe County. He has been a director of Wisconsin Cran- berry Sales Co. for a number of years and was formerly a director of the Exchange. Mrs. Potter is the daughter of the late A. E. Bennett. C. M. Chaney, in reporting on the disposal of the 1945 fresh fruit crop, said the Exchange could have sold a crop 100 percent larger, but that dealers had accepted the en- forced pro-rating with good grace. The Wisconsin crop in particular, he said, was sold faster and deliv- ered quicker this year than in any previous year in the history of the Exchange. Stocks of fresh ber- ries were depleted earlier than ever before, and in early December there were virtua"ly no fresh ber- ries in the market. E. C. McGrew also spoke on the marketing of the crop. "+ A HAPPY NEW YEAR TO ALL Pe(ter A. LeSage Distributor of Cape Cod Cranberries Plymouth - Tel. 740 Barnstable -Tel. 107 Fifteen Marcus M. Havey, superintend- ent of the North Chicago plant of CCI, and M. S. Anderson, mid-west sales manager, spoke of the pro- cessed fruit marketing. Mr. Ha- vey said the demand was extreme- ly gratifying and far exceeded the quantity that CCI was able to sup- ply from the '45 crop. He pointed out to the Wisconsin growers that a coo'er addition to the North Chi- cago plant permits the freezing of 18,000 barrels for later processing, making it possible for the cannery to handle larger Wisconsin ship- ments. This meeting was held in the morning at the Elks Club hall. Charles H. Lewis President of the Growers Association Has Formerly Held That Office — Dinner Dance at Golden Gate Night Club Foljows Meetings, Dec. 10 In the afternoon, following the custom, members of Wisconsin State Cranberry Growers Associ- ation he'd their annual meeting. In the election of officers Charles H. Lewis, son of Charles L. Lewis Ol Shell Lake, who is a former president, was elected to that of- fice. Henry F. Duckart, Wiscon- rin Rapids, was elected vice pres- ident, and Goldsworthy secretary- treasurer. There were talks by Dr. C. L. Farrar of the University of Wis- consin, he discussing bee pollina- tion in cranberries; Alvin Pillar, Madison, just appointed state cran- berry specialist with the U. S. De- partment of Agriculture, and E. L. Chambers, state entomologist. Messrs. Chaney and McGrew fur- ther discussed marketing methods and problems, while Mr. Duckart reviewed the POW's work in the Wisconsin cranberry industry. In the evening the association was host to 175 persons for the annual banquet, dance and enter- tainment, this being held at the Golden Gate night club. Profes- sional entertainment was provided, and the attendance was the largest ever at this annual dinner-dance. /. Richard Beattie Resigns Plymouth County Service The Massachusetts cranberry in- dustry will regret the fact that the resignation of J. Richard Beattie, who has been with Plymouth Coun- ty Agent Joseph T. Brown, first as associate, and full agent since last July, is announced. The res- ignation is to become effective February 1. Mr. Beattie leaves .to accept a position with the Barrett Division of the Allied Chemical and Dye Corporation, 40 Rector street, New York. Mr. Beattie's new position car- ries the tit'e of agronomist for the Northeast territory, which in- cludes all New England, New York, New Jersey and Delaware. Ilis work will combine research, experiment, r.nd matters pertain- ing to public relations also. "D'rk ' Ileattie, who came to riymouth County in July 1940, is a native of Lynn, Massachusetts, but when he was five his family moved to Gui dhall, Vt., which gave him Do It With DlfNAMITE! The modern way to — feuild ditches — ^ipemove stumps — excavate rocks — dig cores for dykes — loosen sub soil is with dynamite! Let me tell you results other growers have obtained, and the savings realized. Will be glad to consult with you on any work you are planning, and quote prices. Expert service. Trained by Hercules Powder Co. ALTON J. SMITH HIGH STREET - - HANSON, MASSACHUSETTS Telephone— Bryantville 209R3 Sixteen Foresight is STILL necessary Materials for cranberry machinery are still difficult to obtain, because of strikes and reconversion problems in suppliers' plants. We are urging growers to place orders early for Pumps, Dusters, and Sep- arators. HAYDEN SEPARATOR MANUFACTURING CO. E. C. St. Jacques WAREHAM, MASS. a youthful farm background. He attended prep school at Mt. Har- mon and then attended and was graduated from the University of New Hampshire in agricu'ture with B. S. and M. S. degrees. As- sisting in the starting of the root grub campaign now about to get under way was his final major work in the cranberry industry and it is his disappointment that he could not carry the project fur- ther. Reluctant to see Beattie no longer associated with the cran- berry industry, CRANBERRIES is certain all who have come in con- tact with him have the same feel- ing, and wish him success in his new and broader field. Cranberry Club For Growers of Long Beach Area Southern Washington Group Organizes, Electing Chas. Nelson First President — Second Meeting Jan. 18 An enthusiastic group of cran- berry growers met at the Long Beach (Washington) Grange Hall Wednesday night, December 5th, to form a cranberry growers' club. The purpose of this club is to unite all growers into one organization for social and educational purposes and to foster the development of the cranberry industry. The name of the new organization is the Long Beach Peninsula Cranberry Club. The officers elected for the com- ing year are: Charles Nelson, Nah- cotta, president; Leonard Morris, Long Beach, vice president; Rob- ert Ostgard, Seaview, secretary; Mrs. Guido Funke, Lwaco, treas- urer. It was decided by the group that membership in the club is open to all cranberry growers on the Pe- ninsula. The annual dues will be five dollars per family. The next meeting will be held on January the 18th. After the organization work was concluded, a talk on the spray program for 1946 was given by D. J. Crowley, superintendent of the Experiment Station. The group then adjourned to the Grange din- ing room where a sumptuous lunch was served by the ladies of the organization. Jersey Blueberry Growers Attend 14th Open House Meeting The 14th annual "Blueberry Open House" was held at Pember- ton. New Jersey, December 14th, with about 75 growers in attend- ance. They heard and took part in discussions concerning latest information on: timing the fruit- fly dusts; State regulations on mi- grant labor housing; the blueberry "stunt" situation in relation to in- sect vectors, eradication of di- seased bushes, and inspection and certification. This latter subject was "chairmaned" by R. B. Wilcox. William B. Tomlinson, associate m research at the Pemberton Station, Carl S. Geiges, N. I. Dept. of La- bor, Charles A. Doehlert, acting chief of the Pemberton station, and Paul B. Mott, N. J., State De- partment of Agriculture, were the speakers. "Use of DDT against Japanese Beetle in Propagating Beds," was the subject of Walter E. Fleming, USDA, and Prof. J. Harold C'ark, N. J. Agricultural Experiment Station, spoke on the freezing of blueberries for market. In spite of adverse weather con- ditions two very successful blue- berry pruning demonstrations were held on December 6 and 1, these being at Pemberton and Hammon- ton respectively. The first meet- ing was under the direction of "Dan" Kensler, Burlington County Agent, and the second under Mr. Brockett, Atlantic County Agent. Charles Doehlert did the demon- stration pruning. The standard varieties, Rube\ Rancoccas, Con- cord, Jersey and Cabot, as well as the Pemberton, one of the newer varieties, were pruned during these meetings. Seventeen Croup Meets To Discuss Knotty ''Jersey Situation // Representatives of Growers. USDA, State Research and County Agents Dis- cuss Problems and Plan Second Meeting in Jan- uary. A meeting which may be the be- ginning of something very helpful for the "Jersey situation" was held December first at the Experiment Station, Pemberton, with a repre- sentative group of growers assem- b'ing with Federal, State research men and county agents. It began group thinking which, if followed up by interest of the growers with work by the research men and ag- ents, could well develop into a pro- gram of action which could benefit every grower. Included in the meeting were Dr. W. W. Aldrich, USDA, Drs. Clark, Pepper and Bear from Rutgei-s, Chai'les Doehlert, acting chief of the Pemberton station, his associ- ate, Wil'iam Tomlinson, Agents Kensler of Burlington and Bidlack of Ocean counties, Joseph H. Pal- mer, president American Cranber- ry Growers' Association, and oth- ers. Dr. Clark presided. Repre- sentatives of all groups interested had been invited to attend. Ses- sion 'asted three hours, in which time conditions were broadly dis- cussed and notes taken, which wore written up, each participant to receive a copy. A second meet- ing is to be held about the middle of January, the notes to form a basis for discussion for further action. In view of the many very knotty problems in Jersey, it was recog- nized by the group that only a lit- tle start had been made and a hard job along the road of crop produc- tion recovery lies ahead. It was felt, however, that consideration of the pi'oblems by a unified group of growers, research and field men if carried through, can make progress. Committee of Eight Dec. Meeting "Representatives of the cran- berry industry considered at con- siderable length the desirability and the procedure for organizing a new National Cooperative: that tentative plans have been drawn that meet with the unanimous ap- proval of those who participated in the discussion and that the details are now in process of being worked out, but no definite proposal is now avai'able." The foregoing is a statement made available following the meet- ing of the Cranberry Industrial Committee at the Hotel New Yorker, New York, December 17 and 18, this gathering being at- tended not only by members of the Committee of 8, but by committees from each of the three sales com- panies, representatives of CCI and the Exchange, and guests to a to- tal of about 25. Tentative proposals were dis- cussed, including the proposition of an "association of cooperatives" this being the idea suggested by A. D. Benson, New England Cran- berry Sales, this the so-ca'led "Benson Plan," having been pub- lished in substantially complete detail in the September issue of CRANBERRIES. It was voted in September that this plan be laid before the Committee of 8, and for this purpose a committee consist- ing of Ruel S. Gibbs, chairman, L. B. R. Barker, E. L. Bartholomew and Mr. Benson, had been appoint- ed. Wisconsin Sales had as dele- gates Wi'liam F. Huffman, Ber- nard C. Brazeau and William Thiele; Growers Cranberry Com- pany, James D. Holman, Franklin S. Chambers, F. Allison Scammell. These three committees held a joint meeting, each group having planned suggestions, and agreeing in the main, then presented their joint suggestion to the Cranberry Industrial Committee of 8, this committee consisting of El'is D. Atwood, chairman, J. C. Make- peace, secretary, Massachusetts; Charles L. Lewis, Albert H. Hed- ler, Wisconsin; Isaac Harrison, Theodore H. Budd, New Jersey; and the executive heads of the two major cooperatives, M. L. Urann and Chester M. Chaney. Others present at the meeting in- cluded Carl B. Urann, Miss Ellen Stillman, H. Gordon Mann, Rus- sell Makepeace, Ferris C. Waite, Harrison Goddard, Keith Work, E. C. McGrew and Miss McNal'y, At- torneys Quarles and Loos. The deliberations and recom- mendations of this meeting were turned over to the attorneys for incorporation into legal phrase- ology for further consideration. The next meeting of the Commit- tee will be held in New York on or about February 1. There were no representatives from the West Coast present, al- though the Coast is intended for participation in any plan eventual- ly arrived at. Mr. Lewis, whom it was feared wou'd not be able to attend because of an automobile mishap, had recovered and was present. Chairman Atwood has expressed himself as satisfied that substantial progress is being made toward a "consolidation" of the two main cooperatives, fresh and processed, of the cranberry in- dustry. We Have Lifitiass •! Cranberry Bogs, Large and Small FOR SALE Geo. A. Cole Agency WILDA HANEY Decas Block Wareham, Massachusetts Be a CRANBERR ES MAGAZINE Subscriber in 1946 Eightt** Assistant to CCI Sales Manager Has Been Appointed Massachusetts Man, Former Naval Officer, to Work With H. Gordon Mann From Hanson Office. Richard B. Heath of Brookline, Massachusetts has been appointed assistant to H. Gordon Mann, sales manaj-er of Cranberry Canner.^, Inc. Mr. Heath will make his headquarters at the Hanson, Mas- sachusetts, office and wil! help Mr. Mann in the direction of the sales of products. Mr. Heath was recently honor- ably discharged as a lieutenant in the U. S. Navy, having been com- manding officer of an Aircraft Res- cue ship, and participated in the North African, Tunisian, Sicilian and Italian campaigns. His most recent naval work was schedule officer at the Small Craft Training Station, San Pedro, California. He is the recipient of a commendation graduate of St. Paul's school. Con- cord, N. H., and Harvard College, class of 1934. Scoops for his work in this department. Before military service he was assistant manager of the Property Management Corporation of Bos- ton, this firm managing commer- cia": and industrial real estate properties in the metropolitan and New York areas. He is a fConrinued from Page 3) will be sharpened still more by a ride on the only 2-foot gauge rail- road left in North America and^ i| we are lucky, the only parlor-c^r of its kind in the whole cockeyed wor d. "The several attractive way sta- tions at which their train will stop will add to the recollections of a pleasant visit to cranberry land. If Barnum had hit the ball a gen- eration later he and Mr. Atwood would have been just like that. So the narrow gauge is a 100 per- cent practicable part of the At- wood cranberry realm and will pay dividends into the treasury and into the industry at large." ***** A couple of issues ago I wrote about the cranberry bog near Drummondsville, in the Province of Quebec, it may be recalled. I rather loosely referred to its "far The SKINNER System of Irrigation For Cranberry Irrigation and Frost Protection Suitable piping and SKINNE.i SYSTEM.-simple, durable, non-clogging UTILITY HEADS are new available for this work _ _.__-. __, Send for blue print and detailed specifications \ R&.;ffi!UaaS 1 showing cost of typical 2^2 acre boff. Overhead Irrigation Systems for All Purposes THE SKINNER IRRIGATION CO. TROY, OHIO GEORGE N. BARRIE, New England Distributor BROOKLINE, MASSACHUSETTS NiB«teeB northern latitude," when its lati- tude is actually no farther north than portions of Wisconsin, and now I learn of a cultivated bog which is still more northerly. Through the courtesy of E. L. Eaton, assistant" blueberry and cranberry investigations, Experi- ment Station, Kentville, Nova Sco- tia, I am informed there is a bog on the north side of the St. Law- rence at Shawinigan Falls, Quebec. This is 100 miles north of the property of the Larocques at Drummondsvi'le and approximate- ly in the latitude of Duluth. The owner is Napoleon Jacques and the property is set to Early Blacks. This is definitely in a short season area with low winter temperatures and heavy snow falls. Also, through the kindness of Mr. Eaton, I learn that the Ca- nadian Department of Agriculture has a sma'l experimental area in New Brunswick and one in Nova Scotia planted with Early Blacks and Howes, and that a light crop of berries was gathered this year from American plants (imported from Lowell Cranberry Company, Massachusetts) and that the Blacks outyielded the Howes. The first of these plants were set in 1941 with Early Blacks, and the Howes set in 1942. Most of the Nova Scotia commercial p'antings are set to native vines of mixed types, and 1945 may have been the largest crop yield in the cranberry history of Nova Scotia. (Some time in the future CRANBER- RIES looks forward to publishing a comprehensive story about our Canadian cranberry-growing neigh- bors.) * * « * Two with large interests within the cranberry industry are direc- tors of a newly-organized Massa- chusetts Steamship Lines, Inc., of Boston, which is expected to oper- ate the Marthas Vineyard, Nan- tucket line from New Bedford and Woods Hole. This line has been operated for the past 34 years by the New York, New Haven and Hartford R. R. These men are Ralph Hornblower, partner cf Hornblower & Weeks, of Boston, who owns bog in Rochester and on Marthas Vineyard and is president of Cape Cod Company (cranber- ries); and George A. Crowell of Plymouth, who is president and director of Crowell Cranberry Company, owning bog near Ply- mouth and vice president of Cape Cod Company and president of the Cranberry Credit Corporation. The company will also operate the B o s t o n-Pi'Ovincetown steamship line. * * * * * Dr. C. R. Fellers, after extended service in the U. S. Army, most recently with rank of major, has returned to civilian life. His lat- est military duties were in Aus- tralia, where he was identified with food laboratory work, improving methods of canning and preserv- ing. ***** It is regrettable to learn that Ruel S. Gibbs of Wareham, Mass., has been in ill health and was obliged to undergo hospital treat- ment at the Tobey hospital there. ***** George E. Short, president of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers As- sociation, has sold his property at Island Creek, Duxbury (CRAN- BERRIES, Sept. 1945) and pur- chased the "Vaughan" bog of Col- burn Wood, near the Carver-Ply- mouth line in Carver. This is a bog of about 55 acres, more than doubling- his previous holding. Mr. Short and family, who lived, by the side of the Island Creek bog, have moved to 14 Cliff street, Plymouth. ***** Dr. Herbert F. Bergman is now in Massachusetts for the month of January, having been released from duties at Beltsville, Mary- land, by the USDA for that period of the winter. He is continuing oxygen deficiency studies in flood- ing water and. is to instruct growers in making these oxygen tests on their own flooded prop- erties if they acquire the necessary apparatus. A number are to ac- quire this equipment, which in- cludes an auger for boring through the ice, a pump to bring up the water, anc. Titrating apparatus, which, with glass tubes and chem- icals, gives the rating when the bog water is added. ***** Dr. F. H. Chandler, who is to be the new assistant to Dr. Franklin at the State Bog, East Wareham, is expected to arrive there the middje of January. Washington Report For Cranberries And Blueberries By D. J. CROWLEY, S'lpt. General Conditions The official report issued for August, 1945 by the United States Weather Bureau at North Head, Washington is quoted below: "Cool and dry weather pre- vailed throughout the month, con- cluding one of the coolest and the third driest summer of re lord. Only the summers of 1938 and 1883 had less rain and only five other summers were cooler. Aug- ust, like July, was marked by more than double the norma- num- ber of foggy days for the three summer months, which far excejils any previous record for excessive fog." This cold, foggy weather was particularly favorable for the de- velopment of certain cranberry diseases. The Rosebloom disease caused by Exobasidium oxycocci and the Red Leaf Spot disease caused by Exobasidium vaccinii were much more prevalent than usual. There is no evidence to date, however, that these weather conditions were particularly favor- able for the fungi which cause storage rots, as the keeping quality of the berries to date is better than average. Harvesting of the crop did not begin unti' the first week in Octi- ber. The labor shortage at har- vest time was about the same as for 1944, and some growers will not have the crop in the ware- house before Thanksgi-ving. Most of the berries were harvested by suction picking machines or by water scooping. Development Work An acre of cranberry bog was planted to seedlings from 1943 crosses. The plants were set out five feet apart each way and have made a satisfactory growth. Ap- proximately an acre and a half of ground was regraded and leveled and set out to blueberry seedlings from the crosses made in 1943. The cranberry and b'ueberry breeding work is a Division of Horticulture Cooperative Project. Twenty Dormant Sprays Dry lime sulphur and a light summer oil were used for control of San Jose Scale. Ten pounds of the dry lime sulphur and a gallon and a half of oil were used to make a hundred ga'lons of spray. The control obstained was equal to that in the plots sprayed with the liquid lime sulphur at standard dilutions or with 3 gallons of liq- uid lime sulphur and 1 gal'on of a dormant oil. Some foliage injury, however, resulted where the light oil-lime-sulphur combination was used. Summer Sprays D. D. T. (dichlorodiphenyl trichlorocthane) Work with D. D. T. for control of cranberry insects was again carried on this summer. The sea- son's work indicates that D. D. T. is an effective spray for control fo the cranberry fireworm and the cranberry fruitworm. Commer- cial peparations of 20% D. D. T. in a light summer oil gave satis- factory control of the cranberry fireworm in dilutions as low as 3 pints in 100 gallons of water. A spray consisting of 3 pounds of 20% D. D. T. with a wetting agent gave slightly better control than the D. D. T.-oil combination, as its residual effect appeared to be more enduring than the former. Observations indicate that while D. D. T. does not kill as rapidly as pyrethrum, many of the sprayed larva were dead in a few hours. Higher spray concentra- tions cause the worms to react more quickly. An effort was made to determine how often spray ap- plications would have to be ap- plied in order to prevent injui-y. This too is effected by the concen- tration of the D. D. T. spray mix- ture, and to some extent by weath- er conditions. This season's work indicates that spray applications three weeks apart give control comparable to that obtained with pyrethrum when applied weekly. In an oil solution the D. D. T. spray kil'ed fireworm and fruit- worm moths, though not as readily as pyrethrum extract. Initial tests in 1945 indicate that a py- rethrum-D. D. T. spray containing one quart of the 20% pyrethrum concentrate and 3 pounds of the 20% D. D. T. spray powder is very effective for control of the fruit- worm. The spray should be ap- plied just before the cranberry reaches the full bloom stage. This eliminates the necessity of apply- ing another spray during the blos- som period. The powdered form of the D. D. T. appears to be safer at this stage of the crop since the D. D. T. in oil caused a trace of b ossom injury. Although D. D. T. is toxic to bees, no unusual bee mortality was noted. The set of berries in the plots sprayed with D. D. T. or with the D. D. T. py- rethrum mixture was equal to that in the adjacent check plots. (Continued in next issue) Fresh from the Fields (Continued from Page 5) thought to the matter of oxygen deficiency with the covering of slush ice topped by heavy snow. NEW JERSEY UYear Ends With Snow — Heavy snow (5% inches in the storm of December 19) blanketed the bogs as the year ended, providing some benefit to those who were short of water for winter flooding, and some concern among those already flooded as to how the snow would effect oxygen content of the water. Jersey growers Could scarcely be in cheerful mood as winter settled down, because of the poor show- ing as to quantity and quality of the 1945 crop. One ray of en- couragement, after the extremely small production of last fall and of the past few years, was the hope that vines should have been rested sufficiently to support a bumper crop, where they are in good shape, and if conditions in 1946 should prove very favorable, although the rainfall conditions of last summer were scarcely favor- able for heavy production in the next year's crop. Up to blossom- ing time last summer crop pros- pects had looked favorable, then came a series of unusually late frosts which in some instances were actual freezes, causing seri- ous injury, especially on dry bogs; after the blooming season a series of heavy rains and floods set in, knocking many of the young ber- ries off the vines and affecting the remainder rather serious'y. Many bogs were flooded for a prolonged period, which caused rotting to be- come quite prevalent. Still an- other factor which contributed to the shortness of the crop was the two unusually dry seasons, 1943- 44, droughts during these seasons resulting in very thin bog growth. MAY 1946, THE FIRST FULL YEAR OF POST-WAR PEACE, BRING YOU HAPPINESS and PROSPERITY "CoUey Cranberry Company" Plymouth, Mass. Office 17 Court Street Telephone Plymouth 1622 Twenty-one Tomlinson Reviews Success of False Blossom Campaign Extremely timely, in view of the proposed campaign against root grub in Massachusetts, is a con- cise review of "How Fa'se Blossom Disease Was Brought Under Con- trol," written by Bertram Tomlin- son, Barnstable County Agent, and issued by the Extension Service, Willard A. Munson, director, Mas- sachusetts State College, this be- ing special circular No. 132. In the foreword Mr. Munson says: "The achievement attained from the systematic campaign so well described by County Agent Tom- linson is evidence of the far- reaching benefits to be had when farmers cooperate and use the ser- vices of their county agent to solve difficult problems." In his concluding paragraph Mr. Tomlinson takes note of the fact that the cranberry industry in Massachusetts is faced with new situations and problems — in Ply- mouth County the cranberry root grub is regarded as one of the most serious insect pests, threat- ening the industry, while in Barn- stable County much needs to be done in the matter of bog renova- tion. "If growers agree to co- operate in programs designed to remedy existing problems, regard- less of what they are, satisfactory results can be expected, provided productive programs are properly devised and executed." The story told by County Agent Tomlinson is: Wednesday, January 27, 1937, was a red letter day for the cran- berry industry of Massachusetts, but in the rapid changes that have taken place how many growers actually remember this eventful day? On that day the directors of the Cape Cod Cranberry Grow- ers' Association had a joint meet- ing with other cranberry commit- teemen representing both Ply- mouth and Barnstable Counties at Dr. Henry J. Franklin's office. East Wareham. Twenty-two men were in attendance, including the county agents of both counties. The pri- mary purpose of this meeting was to consider the urgent needs of the industry, and what plans should be made to cope with them. Now, if you think back to 1937, you will recall that the fa'se blos- som disease was then the real threat facing the industry. Con- trol measures had been pretty well worked out by Dr. Franklin and others, but the fact remained that very little was being done about the adoption of control measures, although there had been p'enty of talk. The discussion at this meet- ing revolved about this dread di- sease for a full hour or so, and fin- ally Mr. John C. Makepeace crys- tallized the opinion of all present by sug'gestin;j thr.t it was time to do something' other tnan just talk and asked that the Extension Ser- vice be requested to conduct a thorough, intensive three-yea^' campaign to control fa'se blossom disease. He also suggested tlac the Cape Cod Cranberry GroT.er^' Association give financial and mo-- al support to su.ch a program These sugsestion." were duly mad:' into formal ma'; 3ns and unani- mously approved with a committee appointed to v/oik with t;;? Exten- sion Cervice in planning this com- prehensive, energetic three-year program. The Campa'gn Is Planned The committee immediately went to work and drew up a plan which v/as to involve a real campaign, wherein every cranberry grower wou'd be asked to actually sign up on the dotted line, indicating his intention to follow out the control measures recommended by the Experiment Station. Other meas- ures included the use of special printed circular letters depicting the bluntnosed leafhopper, the real culprit in spreading the disease, and the method of treatment. Plans a'so included the holding of field meetings, demonstrations, the distribution of a special bulle- tin giving the latest detailed in- formation regarding false blossom disease and control measures, the use of news articles, and the mak- ing and showing of a special mo- tion picture in color i'lustrating the whole story of the disease and proper measures of control. The plans also included the use of a slogan contest to stimulate thought and interest during the three-year period. The Cape Cod Cranberry Grow- ers' Association financed the pur- chase of film for the motion pic- tures and appropriated S25.00 to be used in providing cash prizes in connection with the slogan con- test. The many details of carry- ing on this campaign were left to the county agricultural agents in the two counties. Growers Enroll During the three-year campaign, signed enrollments were received from 204 growers in Barnstable County and 203 in Plymouth Coun- t"', cr a total of 407. This number was actually about one-third of all th? growers on the mailing lists oT both counties. The acreage involved in the en- rollment was 3,154 in Barnstable County (DC% of total) and 6,705 in Plymouth County (73.5% of the total). Accor:!ing to the 1936 cranberry survey report, these two counties had 12,590 acres of cran- berries, thus the campaign actually accounted for 9,859 acres or 78%. Growers Report The most di-7;cult part of the campaign was to get data showing the results of our combined efforts to get grcw3rs to adopt approved practices in the control of fa-se blossom. Unfortunately, not all of those enrolling took the time re- quired to fill out the rather de- tailed forms needed and provided for securing the essential data. Obviously, these actual records represent ony a small portion of the control practices carried out, for in checking with the Agricul- tural Conservation Progi'am rec- ords in Barnstable County, for ex- ample, it was found that 1800 acres of bog had been sanded dur- ing the three-year campaign, whereas only about half that acre- age was reported by those en- rolled. A Three-Year Campaign Other features of the campaign included the holding of field meet- ings, lectures, showing the movie Twentjr-two on fa'se blossom disease control, and the slogan contest. The two cranberry clubs in Barnstable County, through their regular ser- ies of winter meetings, provided an excellent source of contact for pre- senting infoi'mation and getting the support of the growers. In Plymouth County, the field meet- ings sponsored by the Extension Service and the regular meetings sponsored by the Cape Cod Cran- BnukmiGATHm iISS wmft A Model For, For Farm, OrcG^rd or Truck Garden. Easily «nd quickly n^inted on any irrigation pipe. Heavy duty ^rass and bronze construction for long 7/er ^— . THE MOST COMPLETE LINE OF TILLAGE EQUIPMENT IN THE WORLD CA PACITIES 14 IN TO 7 FT CUTTING WIDTHS ARIENS CO. BOX SOS BRILLION, WIS Twenty-three Tuesday, February 26, Rochester TOhursday, Feb. 28, Plymouth Program : Fundamentals of Plant Growth, Dr. Fred B. Chandler, Experi- ment Station Panel on short cut in production methods: Plymouth Rochester Joseph Kelley Joseph Kelley George Croweil Gilbert Beaton Francis Merritt Frank Crandon R. C. Everson Robert Peirce Agricultural Outlook — J. T. Brown, Director, Plymouth County Ex- tension Service 3rd Meeting: March, Time and Place to be deter- mined Possibility of joint meeting of the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association and Cranberi'y Clubs 4th Meetings Tuesday, April 23, Rochester Thursday, April 25, Plymouth Program : The 1946 Insect Chart— Dr. H. J. Franklin, Experiment Station (including discussion of D.D.T.) Cranberry Labor Problem — ^J. T. Outlook for Cranberries — Clyde C. Brown, Director Plymouth Coun- McGrew, American Cranberry ty Extension Service Exchange We take this opportunity to express our appre- ciation and thanks to our customers during the past, and to pledge our continued efforts for the best of service in the postwar years. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM Tel. 200 PLYMOUTH Tel. 1300 19 46 TO OUR FRIENDS EVERYWHERE MAY THE COMING YEAR BE FILLED FOR YOU WITH PROSPERITY, PEACE, AND TRUE HAPPINESS BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY Wareham, Massachusetts Tel. Wareham 130 Twenty- four Another year, the last of the war years, has come to an end, and we are happy in the thought that we have made so many new friends and retained our old ones. Looking ahead, we give our pledge again in our deter- mination to give you the best of service and cooperation that lies within our power. And we say again, HAPPY NEW YEAR to all, with peace, prosperity and success. D. D. CONWAY, President ■^m MIN-OT FOOD PACKERS, Inc. BRIDGETON, NEW JERSEY Represented by BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY Eatmor Cranberries Since 1907 J\- Xlappy and l^rosperoiis rSew Year to all (cranberry Cr rowers As we enter upon our fortieth year of cooperative service to Massachusetts Cranberry Growers we pledge continued effort and extended service in ac- cord with the fundamental principles upon which this Company was founded in 1907. NEW ENGLAND CRANBERRY SALES CO. 9 Station Street MIDDLEBORO, MASSACHUSETTS "The Fresh Cranberry Cooperative" IpRESENTINC a $12,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY D TECHNOLOGY APE COD MEW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON 25 cents ebruary, 1946 CRANBERRIES PHOTO "JOE" PALMER OF NEW JERSEY 51st Year of LOOKING FORWARD When the Growers' Cranberry Company was organized back in the year 1895 the cranberry industry was in a demoralized condition. Through its cooperative efforts it brought order out of confusion. The Growers' Cranberry Company, literally growing up with the cran- berry industry, has always worked in an atmosphere of looking forward. Now in its 51st year, it sees greater opportunities than ever to serve its members with forward-looking service. Growers Cranberry Company, Inc. PEMBERTON, NEW JERSEY WISCONSIN MOVES FORWARD- COOPERATION PAYS Ninety Five Percent of the Wisconsin Cranberry Growers Belong to the Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company. Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin 558 New Members In Fifty -six Months Why this steady, continuous growth of mem- bership in CCI? '■ Because more and more grower are learning every day that their greatest security, greatest service, and greatest earnings come from mem- bership in this national cooperative. If you are not already a member, why not look into the benefits w^hich membership in CCI of- fers you? CRANBERRY CANNERS, Inc. The Growers* Cooperative Canning Company Hanson, Mass. Onset, Mass. Plymouth, Mass. Dennis, Mass. Coquille, Oregon New Egypt, N. J. North Chicago, III. No. Harwich, Mass. Markham, Wash. Bordentown, N. J. Gurnee, 111. Long Beach, Wash. JIPIPBS^ "TIP^ jERANBERRY INDU^'MY ADAMS & GOULD Lumber Dealers "Everything Under Cover" East Wareham, Mass. Tel. Wareham 648 Building Material for Bog, Screenhouse and Home Uses Paints - Hardware Marinette & Menominee Box Co. Marinette, Wisconsin BOXES, BOX SHOOKS, CRATING WIREBOUND BOXES AND CRATES M & M's 64th Year Serving the Wisconsin Cranberry Growers KROP-SAVER brand INSECTICIDES FUNGICIDES For the Cranberry Grower CROP -SAVER CHEMICAL COMPANY, Inc. 2630 West Arthington St. Chicago 12, Illinois Cape & Vineyard Electric Company Offices : Chatham Falmouth Hyannis Vineyard Haven Established 1848 Hall & Cole Incorporated Commission Merchants and Jobbers 94 Faneuil Hall Market 102 BOSTON, MASS. APPLES AND CRANBERRIES SPECIALTIES Car Lot Receivers The National Bank of Wareham Wareham, Mass. MEMBER FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION Contact Us Massachusetts Native White Pine Used for Cranberry F. H. COLE Established 1707 Manufacturers of Wooden Boxes and Shooks North Carver, Mass. Tel. 46-5 Wood County National Bank Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin MEMBER FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION Middleborough Trust Company MIDDLEBORO MASS. Member of The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation MffiGfiRY FOR GRAMBERRY -GitiV^ERS MASSACHUSETTS Call WAREHAM 162 S. C. M. Packard & Co. Hardware — Locksmiths For Maintenance Supplies Diesel Bulldozer E. C. HOWES WEST WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. Wareham 405-W-2 Experienced in Bog Work RAIN BIRD SPRINKLERS Pioneers in Cranberry Frost Protection and Irrigation Data from Rain Bird Sprinlder mg. Co. Glendora, Calif. L. R. i^eison Mfg. Co. Peoria, 111. Oregon — Washington R. M. WADE OREGON CULVERT & PIPE Portland, Oregon Serving Western Cranberry Growers with High Quality Products Rotenone Pyrethrum Sabadilla N.cotine Copper Sprays Oil Sprays Lime Sulphur Solution Villier Products Company Portland 1, Oregon Niagara Sprayer & Cliemicai Co., Inc. Middleport, N. Y. Manufacturers of Lead Arsenate, Rotenone Products, as well as a full line of dusting machinery. Complete line of Insecticides, both for dusting ana spraying. Cape Meeting- First meeting of Barnstable County Cranberry Clubs wi'l be at Bruce Hall, Cotuit, Monday, Feb. 11, beginning with luncheon at 12:30 noon. Speaker will be John C. Makepeace and he will discuss "My Opinion in Regard to the Cranberry Marketing Situation." Staff of the Experiment Station is invited and will take part in the program. Similiar program will be he'd by Lower Cape Club for Thursday, Feb. 21, also a noon program, place to be designated later by President G. Everett Howes. F. B. Chandler Assumes Duties In Massachusetts Dr. Fred B. Chandler, who has been with USDA, stationed at Pemberton, New Jei-sey, and whose appointment as Research Profes- sor at Mass. Experiment Station, East Wareham, as assistant to Dr. Franklin was announced previous- ly, arrived in Massachusetts Jan- uary 12. Although Dr. Chandler's duties have not yet been exactly determined, he will work consider- ably along the lines of an agrono- mist, a study of cranberry soils. The People's National Bank & Trust Co. Pemberton, New Jersey- Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation having long been recognized as a need of Mass. cranberry men. Dr. Chandler, wife and two children are at present making their home at Riverside, Onset. President's Assitant KEITH WORK, Berkeley, Cali- fornia, appoint, d assistant to Presi- dent Marcus L. Urann of Cran- berry Canners, Inc., begins his duties about Feb. 1. This appoint- ment fills one more recommenda- tion of the Booz, Allen & Hamilton Survey. Three First mass, winter club meetings First winter meetings of Massa- chusetts cranberry clubs were those of Southeastern and South Shore groups at North Rochester Grange hall January 29, and at Redmen's hall, Plymouth, January 31. These were "try-out" after- noon sessions, with supper follow- ing, instead of evening meetings, with supper prececing. The idea had a good opportunity for "try-out" at Rochester with good, even though cold weather, and the showing of 78 for the meet- ing and a vote to have the next meeting in the afternoon proved the idea was liked,. The Plymouth meeting providea a different story in attendance, as the day brought the worst sleet, fog, rain and ice conditions of the winter, and at- tendance was cut down. The meet- ing was hek', however, and fin- ished up with 35 at the end of the session and 28 enjoyed a fine fric- asee chicken supper. So bad was the going that the "Wareham con- tingent" including Dr. Franklin, Dr. Bergman and others from the State Bog, decided against trying to make the meeting. President George Short haa left for New York to attend the meeting of the Cranberry Industry Committee of 8, and the club had no vice presi- dent. County Agent J. Richard Beattie had to run an improvised program with his speakers not there and also had to conduct the session himself. Winter c'efinitely chalked up a strike on that meeting, but the 35 more courageous growers who were there found it worth while. Sixty-eight advance reserva- tions had been received for the Rochester meeting, quite a few more than is usual, and attendance exceeded that of many meetings. Contributing to this increased at- tendance was the presence of nearly a dozen younger growers who hac been in service. Raymond Morse presided. Secretary Gilbert Beaton point- ed out that the only honorary member of the club was Dr. Frank- lin, and suggested the addition of others. Those accorded the honor were Dr. F. B. Chandler, Dr. H. F. Bergman, Charles A. Doehlert (of New Jersey), J. Richard Beattie, Joe T. Brown, Joe L. Kelley. Chief Doehlert of the Jersey Cranberry-Blueberry Laboratory was introduced by President Morse, and expressed his gratitude at being made an honorary mem- ber of the club, saying it was most gracious of the members to extend honorary membership to him and he was pleased to be at the meeting and have the opportu- nity to extend his acquaintance Four among the Massachusetts growers. Dr. Chandler, recently appointed Research Professor and assistant to Dr. Franklin at the Experiment Station, was introduced, and ex- pressed his thanks for being made honorary member, and said he would say little at that time, as he was on later club programs and that he looked forward to becom- ing acquainted with the Massachu- setts growers through calls at the station and in other contacts. Results of the root grub survey, conducted by Brockton Office of Extension Service, were released by County Agent Beattie. The matter of a root grub control cam- paign, as stressed in last month's issue, is one of the most vital matters before Massachusetts growers and, particularly in Ply- mouth County area. Chief fact these figures showed was that of approximately 50 pei'cent of the growers reporting 42 percent of County acreage requires treat- ment by some method. Assuming this 50 percent to be representa- tive of all acreage and taking into consideration small bogs which have never been able to be given summer flood treatment, it is possible, in opinion of Beattie, that half of all acreage in Ply- mouth county (Bristol and Nor- folk being included in the area) is in need of treatment for root grub. Figures released by Mr. Beattie are: 1) Total acreage reporting in Plymouth County was 5,036.9; (2) acreage previously given summer flooding, 557.1; (3) acreage previ- ously treated, 993; (4) acreage that shoult be treated with PDB flakes, cyanide, 216; (5) acreage requiring summer flooding, 774; 1367 acres recently treated by one of the three methods, or 27 percent of total, and, 2,141 acreage that require immediate treatment by one of the three methods, or 42 percent. Beattie emphasized that with such a serious situation confront- ing growers of the county the dan- ger must be brought to the atten- tion of all growers and they must be made aware of the necessity of taking part in the root grub cam- paign. A small committee is to be set up, to be appointe:" through the clubs. Cape Cod Cranberry Growers Association, and with consultation with Dr. Franklin and other scientific workers. Root grub. Dr. Franklin said, is necessarily on the increase, ex- cept as it is being held, down by treatment, as it is an ailment ef- fecting old bogs and "Massachu- setts bogs are now getting older every year." Dr. H. F. Bergman dividea an instructive talk between' two sub- jects, oxygen deficiency in winter flood water and studies with fun- gicides, including Fermate, com- pounds akin to Fermate, and Bor- deaux Mixture. In these treat- ments timing is of the utmost importance in the control of rot, he said; even four or five days "ofl'" can make an important dif- ference. He said the factors which determined the dissolved, oxygen content of water on a flooded bog could be placed in two groups, those of one being physical and the other biological. He spoke of respiration ana photosyn- thesis as two of the biological fac- tors. Lack of oxygen is most apt to occur when the water is too deep, when there is heavy snow over ice, and he said, that from the view- point of complete lack of photo- synthesis sanding on ice is apt to be a "very bad practice." He add- ed, "I don't say sanding on ice can't be done without injury, but it is risky business." He said snow on bare vines would be the ideal winter protection. "If such a state should be possible all through the winter there would be no chance of oxygen deficiency — as long as this covering remained as snow." He expressed his ap- preciation at being made a mem- ber of the Southeastern Club. (Editor's Note — In addition to article upon oxygen teficiency in this issue this month, it is hoped to begin a paper by Dr. Bergman upon "Oxygen Deficiency in the Winter Floods of Cranbei-ry Bogs" in the March number. This is from a paper delivered before American Cranberry Growers' As- sociation in New Jersey.) Ferris C. Waite of CCI gave a (Continued on Page 5) ELECTRICAL SUPPLIES • HARDWARE PAINTS GROSSMAN'S 27 Ashley Boulevard Tel. New Bedford 5-7438 Issue of February, 1946 — Vol. 10, No. 10 Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop, Main St.. Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscription $2.50 per year. Entered as second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post office at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3, 1879. FRESH FROM THE FIELDS By C J. H. MASSACHUSETTS IJJanuary On Favorable Side — January was a month, which was "neutral" in its effect upon pos- sibilities of next year's crop, accoi'ding to Dr. Franklin, as con- cerns other factors than oxygen deficiency in flood waters, and in this respect. Dr. Bergman says the month was "favorable," in fact, the best in several years. There was relatively little snow at any time on the ice, and the ice was not heavy. In fact, the month was pretty much of an open month. IJLess Ice Sanding — Winter at beginning of February had not brought growers much opportunity for ice sanding, not nearly as much as last year when a great deal had been done by corresponding date. There has been sufficient ice to work on at times, and this has been taken advantage of, but the opportunity has not been avai'able for any extended periods. Winter Meetings (Continued from Pase 4) report upon the insecticide outlook for this season, which was in sharp contrast to those he had been com- pelled to give in the war years. It was a case of "adequate," "available," or "plentiful" in the case of all insecticides except rotenone, which will be "tight" for some time, but he expected enough would be available to cover the needs of cranberry growers, and also the possible ex- ception of Paris Green, "a little tight." Pyrethrum, he was glad to say, appeared, if not plentiful, at least adequate, and cryolite also plentiful. The same bright pros- pect was true as concerns fungi- cides and weed killers. Vernon Coldsworthy Has Placed Resignation Before Directors Having Served Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company as Manager Since 1933, December 1946 Asked as Effective Date Announcement that the resigna- tion of Vernon Goldsworthy, as general manager of the Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company, is now definitely "in the record", will be received with regret by the en- tire industry. Goldsworthy, who has been at the executive helm of that cooperative since 1933 has notified the directors he wishes to have his resignation effective as of next December. He was recently elected a direc- tor of the American Cranberry Ex- change. Goldsworthy received his B. S. and M. S. degrees at the Univer- sity of Wisconsin and wrote his master thesis on "Cranberry False Blossom." While at the university he won six major letters and was captain of the cross country team. For a time he taught high school at Prarie du Sac, Wisconsin. For a short time he was assistant to the late Lawrence M. Rogers, who was engaged in studies of Wis- consin cranberry growing in the employ of the Wisconsin Depart- ment of Agriculture. Although leaving his position, "Goldy" is not to leave the Cran- berry industry. He, sometime ago, acquired extensive raw land hold- ings in Northern Wisconsin at Little Turtle Lake, and is to develop marsh in that new area. He has been a grower in his own right since 1941 when he pur- chased the old Sacket Marsh at Berlin, in the Fox River valley, a property formerly controlled by the 'ate A. U. Chaney and others. This property, possibly the oldest marsh still bearing in Wisconsin, dating from the early 1870's, has been built up by him into a very pro- ductive piece of property. The marsh itself, consisting of 21.4 (Continued on Page 22) Beattie to Stay As A Plymouth County Agent There is pleasure in being able to announce that J. Richard Beat- tie of the Plymouth County (Mass.) Extension Service, whom it was reported last month was to leave to accept a position with an industrial firm as agronomist, has reconsidered his decision and is now to remain in Extension Ser- vice work. There was consider- able feeling among cranberry- growers and other agriculturists with whom Beattie had been asso- ciated during his service in Ply- mouth County that, if possible, he shou'd be induced to remain. This he has agreed to do, to the gratification of his many friends within the industry. f 'y« Would Like To ''Kindle Fire Under New Jersey Industry'' "Joe" Palmer, Retiring President, American Cranberry Growers' Association, Feels Growers Must Forget Past, and Concentrate on Smaller and Better Acreage by CLARENCE J. HALL Joseph H. Palmer, New Gretna, New Jersey, just retiring as presi- dent of the American Cranberry Association for the customary term and a director of Growers Cranberry Company, has been accordec these distinctions in but five years of association with the Jersey cranberry industry. Although his contacts with cranberry growing date from the fall of 1940 only, he has b?come immensely interested in all matters re- lating to cranberries and very ac'ive in general Jersey affa'rs. He likes cranberry growing — but not all aspects of it, as he has founc it in New Jersey. In fact, he would like to "kindle a fire" under the industry there. He feels the industry must be awakened if Jersey cranberry growing is to survive. Fire is destructive only in its mis- uses and has, of course, been one of the greatest boons to mankind. "Joe" Palmer, young, vigorous, ambitious, volatile in speech, does not want to see the flame of cranberry growing in New Jersey die so low it goes out. He feels something must be done to fan the vital spark and get the Jersey pot of cranberry growing cooking again. Quick-minded, he bubbles witii Took Over Gossler Bogs ideas, but these are not of the soap- His holdings consist of 150 blown type. Although not scien- acres. Fifty of these he has the tifically trained, he neverthe'ess looks at cranberry growing from the scientific approach. He is trying to base his ideas upon soundness, and to think before he jumps. He has shown this as con- cerns his own cranberry interests, as now in 1946, after studying his own particular problems, he has just made up his mind as to how to proceed to bring about what he wants to accomplish. And his ovim cranberry activity is that hardest kind of all — to bring back a definitely run-down cranberry property. While his ideas may seem a bit harsh in some respects to the general pre- vailing thought in Jersey, they are what he is applying to his own property. For one thing, he is convinced (as are some other Jer- sey growers) that the industry in that state has far too much acre- age— acreage which is now in such bad shape that it is use'ess, for the present at least, to attempt to bring all of it back. One major factor there, he feels, is the eff'ort to spread constructive methods too thinly over too much bog. courage to "forget" for the time being. So he will abandon this amount completely for now, as concerns renovation, and concen- trate on the remaining 100 acres. The properties he owns are those built up by the late George E. Gossler of Egg Harbor City, uncle of Mrs. Pa'mer. These consist of 70 at Wading River, 30 at Ives Branch, and the 50 to be aban- doned at Pomona. In the fall of 1940 Mr. Gossler was in ill health, and Palmer, who had been with the Pennsylvania Game Commission for ten years, felt it was his family duty to go down to South Jersey with Mrs. Palmer and help out as best he could. Born in Walingford, a subvu'b of Philadelphia, which was agricultural when he was born in 1906, he knew nothing about cran- berries except that he liked to eat them on Thanksgiving and other occasions. Mr. Go"sler died in Djcjmber of 1940, and Mr. and Mrs. Pa^mor stayed on to help in the settling of the estate. Mrs. Palmer, who was E'izabeth Con- rad, is also a native of Pennsyl- vania and ence with Joe. ? 1 had no more experiJj cranberries than hai 1 Mr. Gossler was in partnership with the late A. J. Ryder, one of the best known growers of somei years back, and they operated aai the Pomona Fruit Company. Mr. Gossler bought the bogs in 1900, and was in business with Ryder for some time, but later bought out Ryder's interests. The late Mr. Ryder was strictly a "cooper- ator", believing in cooperative seling. Mr. Gossler was distinct- ly an individualist, preferring to do his own marketing. It is re- called that the partners divided the crop evenly, each to do with his half of the berries as he saw fit. Gossler, an "independent" in ev- ery sense of the word, bought and sold crops of others as well as his own. He travelled and so d throughout the Southeastern states, and sometimes as far west as Detroit and down into Kansas City. He paid considerable more attention to the marketing end of cranberries, having a liking fir ■ that, rather than in the growing. The bogs when Palmer took over were typical of many Jersey bogs in poor condition with very low yield per acre. They still are. Production on the Ives Branch this past fall was 600 bushels, a'l Eaf- ly Blacks, and at Wading River bogs some 1200 bushels, these be- ing Howes, Blacks, and native Jerseys. This production gives an idea of how far Palmer must bring these vines back to make them in- to paying propositions. Ives Branch has a fine, deep, mud bot- tom. Ample water is available for any use. The water supply, however, is not a part of the prop- erty, but in exchange for the task of flooding the adjacent bog of an absentee owner Palmer is entit ed to use the water himself. This supply is so satisfactory that the bog has never had a frost disaster. As this off'ers the best bog bottom, Palmer plans to sand the better portions and concentrate on these. The rest he will rebuild piece by piece, probably using a tractor both for taking off the top and for re-sanding. There is sand at Ives Branch, but better sand at Wading River, and he plans to haul this the mile and a half across the river. To Concentrate on Best Areas As one step in the program to bring this bog back, a 9 acre sec- tion this past year was re-flooded at b'ossoming time to prevent any cropping the bog might have thrown and so give the vines a full year's rest in the hope of bet- ter production another year. In resanding the parts upon which he will concentrate, Palmer plans to sand to the depth of two inches or so, doing this with wheel- barrow or truck right on the bog. For the truck sanding he hopes to be able to use the airplane land- ing mat strips, three sections of which were demonstrated with so much interest to growers at the August meeting of the American Cranberry Growers Association (as has previously been reported). The idea of using these strips originated with Palmer. The strips consist of ten-foot lengths, one foot wide, and the most inter- esting feature is the way they can be locked together, giving a rigid and yet light surface for the truck tires to roll on. Each sec- tion, made of aluminum, weighs about 25 pounds, easily movable from place to place as the sanding progresses. The strips do not lock from the end, but from the sides. The strips would be laid double width, with the ends overlapping as bricks are lead, and the two strips locked side by side would thus give a two-foot surface for the double-tired trucks. They could be laid solid, of course, but Palmer expects their use would be mostly as double tracks. From interest shown in these in Jersey it would seem their use in the cranberry industry might be ex- tensive, but this will depend first upon their avai'ability, either from no-longer needed military supplies or, if they are manufac- tured now in peace time, for agri- cultural or other uses. The Wading River bog, which is part muck and part sand bottom, not quite so desirable as Iv3s Branch, presents what Palmer sus- pects may be a rather unusual problem in its flooding and irrigat- ing water. Although this bog is seven miles upstream from the mouth of Wading River, which there is 100 yards or more wide, a portion of the bog is below high tide level. Since this river water, which is limitless, is the water supply, Palmer is engaging in studies to determine if this water is sometimes brackish. The en- trance canal is lower by 18 inches at normal high tide than the bog, and normal rise is about 30 inches, although greatly influenced at times by wind direction. This river water is let in and out by an automatic tide gate which reverses with the tide, as it ebbs or rises. Palmer has this suspicion that the water at unusua'ly full tide's may be slightly brackish, although this thought is based on no actu.-il evidence, and if so it may have helped to cut down the production of the bog. He has never heard that the water was suspected of salinity at this point, and in fact, in the fall of 1943 at a spectacular- ly high tide, the bog was partly under water for three days and without apparent injury. Wild rice grows in the river at the point the water is taken off, which would be strong evidence as to the fresh- ness, since the rice does not grow in brackish water. But Pa'mer knows of brackish-water fish be- ing caught at a bridge just below the take-off. He has requested Dr. Fred B. Chandler, USDA, who was stationed at Pemberton, to make tests to determine the sa- linity of this water. These tests are underway. In flooding for frosts the oper- ator of this bog is obliged to give considerable consideration to the state of the tides, as sometimes flooding operations have to start much earlier than usual in order to get sufficient water on in time. Palmer, perforce, has had to make a study of tides along the Great Bay section of the coast into which Mullica river empties, Wading River being a branch of the Mul- lica. To augment the water supply a canal 1300 feet long has been dug from the river, this connecting with the upper end of the bog. At this point Palmer has built a cement block pump house and in- stalled a Lawrence 20-inch pump furnished by Hayden Manufactur- ing Company of Wareham, Mass., this having a capacity of 16,000 gallons a minute. It is powered by a re-built Buick engine, and is one of the few and possibly the only such installation in. New Jersey. Marginal ditches are -be- ing dug at Wading River, which, like many Jersey bogs, had none. In addition to frost flowing Palmer uses his pump to make sure there is no oxygen deficiency in the win- ter flood and for irrigation. His plan is to install one-or two more pumps, but this will not be idone cuntil it is d-etermined if the river water is brackish at the bog .or hot. If 'the tests prove it to be -so,-'the river will be tapped further up the.' stream,' even thoughjthis shou'd involve digging a .Bitich longer canal. ':'!•■ Wading River bog, with its par- tial savannah bottom, will ibe treated to bring back, substantial- ly the same as Ives Branch.' Pal- mer plans to concentrate on the best portions with a- resandittg or rebuilding program, using' a.; bull- dozer to remove and, replace ^the peat after the underlying sand has been removed. o:i "■:{': a.: Pomona, the bog which -he-'is .ib "forget", is the oldest of the threfe and he believes it was built, some 90 or so years ago. He has found by checking back that a man- --of the region, now elderly, remem- bers that his grandfather worked there when the bog was built and that time must have been 90 years or more ago. Pomona is remark- ably level for a bog built so long ago and has a fine stream ruiming through it. Water is clear and not the cedar brown f of many streams in South :=^jTefSey. Oil geologists are ■ interested in; this tract of land, feeliffg that it might be over a pool of oil. "There is"^-& lease with the Sinclair:'Comp-any, which company willy^'if further tests justify, deve'op the ptopetty without interfering with-'it 'as a cranberry bog. : ;'« rsi^ii . Deer Experiment Heavy deer damage to cranber- ries has long been a niajor Jersey problem, and this has' -'interested Palmer, with deer- superabundant about his own bogs.' He v^rote to the New Jersey Game Coinmission ''Seyen and,ask?d,permis5ion.to shoot deer and analyze their stomach content to see to what extent they were eating cranberries. The Commis- sion wrote back it would be very pleased to have him do this. Sub- sequently he has shot many about the bogs. The greatest amount of cranberry content he has ever found in the stomach of a deer would not fill the palm of a man's hand! He found instead their stomachs were fil'ed with grass from the bogs. From this he has concluded it is not to eat cranberries that the deer go onto the bogs and cause such havoc, but to get to the grass growing on the moist bog bottom. More damage is done, he is con- vinced, by deer lying down on the vines and berries to chew their cud after eating the grass and by knocking off berries with their hoofs as they run than by actual eating of cranberries. He believes the eating of cranberries is only incidental to the animals. When Palmer left the Pennsy'- vania Game Commission he was a research assistant. Before that he was "game protector", which is the equivalent of game warden in some states. Hunting is his hobby and he is fond of wild life study — although he detests deer at any time. Before entering the service of the Pennsylvania Com- mission, for a time he worked for a small, independent oil company in Philadelphia. He attended Penn- sylvania State Co'lege, taking up finance, but left before graduating. "Joe" Palmer, coming into the cranberry industry with no pre- conceived ideas, has tried to view Jersey cranberry growing objec- tively. From this "fresh-eye" van- tage point, he has reached some conclusions that may be rather on the harsh side; that is, he believes that by no means all of the causes for the Jersey slump in production were matters which could not have been, and cannot now be prevenetd by proper application of the grow- ers. Jersey Thinks Too Much of Past "There is too much acreage in New Jersey," he feels, "which should not possib y be considered cranberry acreage at all. Grow- ers, in my opinion, would be much ahead of the game if they would recognize the fact that much of this is no longer worth bothering with. That is, not worth bother- ing with unless there is willingness and capital from somewhere to put it back into decent shape. Grow- ers are trying to spread them- selves and their efforts in time, labor and money too thinly over too much run-down bog. It wou d be better to let go entirely, at least for the time being, that which cannot be given reasonably good care and to concentrate upon better smaller acreage. "There is an inclination in Jer- sey to think too much of what Jersey has done in the past, and to expect production to come back to that range almost any year, 'given favorable conditions.' I don't believe that a great deal of this acreage is in any shape to be expected to produce satisfactorily again, and if growers keep on continually b'aming short crops upon this and that 'unusual' condi- tion each year they are only fooling themselves. They have got to face the fact that they must have smaller acreage, given better care and producing more barrels to the acre, or it will be too late. A grower's standing should be measured by the amount of berries he produces each year, not by the amount of acreage he owns." Pa'mer was among the first to come to the disconcerting conclu- sion and to make the statement that Jersey is not having "abnor- mally low" crops just now, but present production has become the Jersey "normal," because of the condition of so much of the acreage. He admits that favor- able conditions, all occurring in the same year, would increase production considerably, but not to where many gi'owers figure the production should be. Acknowledging that a number of Jersey growers are now making the right effoi'ts and are heading up along the right track, he is dis- couraged by the fact that nst enough can be inc'uded in this category. What he wants is to see the bulk of the growers face facts and recognize the plight Jersey is heading into as a whole, and to "wake up" to actual condi- tions and join those who are mak- . ing definite progress. He wants to see Jersey cranberry growing as a unit ccme back. He hopes this may come about and that he can be one of many progressive Jersey growers who have faced facts and are working with a definite objective of im- provement. But, in any event, he has cast the die for himself in the long and difficult game of bringing back run-down cranberry property and plans to go right ahead, along with those who are going the way he hopes and expects to go. Estimate 40-45 Percent of 1945 Berries Processed Preliminary figures for report of berries handled through American Cranberry Exchange (which may be slightly modified when records are complete) show that in the estimation of Mr. Chaney between 40 and 45 per cent of the crop was taken by all processors combined. Total fresh handled by the Ex- change was 194,840 barre's, and the average FOB price, shipping point, was §20.938. Total amount sold to processors was 9,278 bai'- rels, at an average of §18.581 (without boxes, ex. growers' pack- ing houses). Total combined handled through Exchange was 204.118 barrels, and average price was 820.84. "The available supply of cran- berries for sale fresh was so far short of the demand," Mr. Chaney reported, "that it is impossible to estimate accurately how many more could have been so"d. This shortage naturally increased the demand for processed cranberries, just the same as light supply of processed would increase the de- mand for fresh. The consumers had m^ney and wanted cranberries regardless. "Consumer sales throughout the season were brisk and at no time did we experience any adverse ef- fect from the sugar shortage. We did stress the sugar-saving theme in our curtailed advertising and publicity campaign, and requests for cranberry sugar-saving re- ceipts were heavy. About 115,000 receipt bulletins were distributed to school teachers, home econ- omists, demonstrators, and others. It is too bad we didn't have the mi'lion barrel crop we have been thinking about and talking about for the past several years." Breakdown of this pi'eliminary figure showed Exchange handled .(Continued on Paj^e 16.) Study Oxygen Deficiency In Winter Flooding At Beaver Brook By CHARLES H. LEWIS (Editor's Note): The following is a paper by "Chuck" Lewis, son of C. L. Lewis, and now president of Wisconsin Cranberry Growers' Association. While the conditions that cause winter injury to cran- berry plants in Wisconsin may not occur in other areas, the subject of oxygen deficiency in flooding water is of very much consideration now, in the East as well as Wisconsin. Data mostly concerns floodings of 1941-42, and studies continuing in- to this year are not materially changing conclusions arrived at. This subject was presented by Mr. Lewis before a meeting of the Growers' Association.) As most Wisconsin cranberry growers know, leaf drop, flower bud absorption, and other types of winter water injury have often been serious in Wisconsin. Care- ful field observations by the late L. M. Rogers and detailed studies by Dr. H. P. Bergman left little doubt that such injury was due at least in part to oxygen deficiency in the flooding water. Dr. Neil E. Stevens and I, working together for over two and one-half years, have studied the problem of oxy- gen deficiency at the Badger Cran- berry Company property at Beaver Brook, and we have learned some- thing regarding its causes and ef- fects and to some extent how it may be remedied. Dr. Stevens is responsible for much of the work resulting in this report. He laid out the groundwork by he"ping me in the methods and procedure of testing the water, and in obtaining the necessary equipment. He also did much work on the graphs and final analysis. Dr. Bergman also ren- dered valuable assistance by teach- ing me Winkler's method of water analysis. The impetus that led us to begin these studies was the fact that the Beaver Brook marsh came up with a very serious case of leaf drop in the spring of 1941. Its severity may be judged by the fact that in the fall of 1941 the 60-acre bog produced 750 barrels, compared to a previous five-year average of 3,300 barrels. Of the 1941 crop 150 barrels were produced on 5 acres of Howes, which variety is less subject to injury of this type in Wisconsin. It was obvious that the vines had been serious'y injured. The leaf drop was gen- eral over the entire marsh and many flower buds were killed out- right. In studying the problem of oxy- gen deficiency in water, we have made use of two diflferent tests, CHARLES H. LEWIS one for oxygen content and the other for Biochemical Oxygen De- mand or B. 0. D. The oxygen con- tent is a measurement of the act- ual amount of free oxygen in the water in parts per million. The B. 0. D. is the measurement of the demand created for oxygen by organic material in the water. Much of the inside work on the water tests, analysis, etc., was done at the Biology Fish Laboratory at Spooner, Wis., and we are deeply indebted to J. D. O'Donnel, head of that laboratory and biologist for the Wisconsin State Conservation Department, for his help and co- operation. As long as we are concerned with oxygen mainly, we will re- view the process of respiration and photosynthesis. A plant respires just as humans do, combining the free oxygen of the air or water, whichever medium it happens to be in, with its own sugars and other materials, and giving off carbon dioxide and water. The plant also makes its own sugars in the process of photosynthesis, using carbon dioxide and water in the presence of light and chloro- phyll, a green plant substance, and oxygen is given oflF as a by-product. These two processes go on in the water under the ice if all the necessary conditions are present. In the case of photosynthesis in the water under the ice ight is usually the limiting factor. Berg- man states that from 74-88% of the incident light can penetrate ice 4-4% inches thick and usually is sufficient for photosynthesis, but only about % to 1/3 of the incident light will penetrate one inch of snow. Of course, with 6 inches or more of snow no light can pene- trate.* « Massachusetts Agricultural Experi- ment Station Bulletin No. 402, April '43, "Weather in Cranberry Culture", p. 7-12 — Bergman H. F. The plants use up the available oxygen in the water in respiration, and if photosynthesis doesn't take place to replace this oxygen, the oxygen content is depeted to a point where it is injurious to the plant. The saturation point of oxygen in the water depends on the temperature of the water — the warmer the water the less oxygen it will hold. The saturation point at 32 degrees F. or 0 degrees C. (temperature of water under ice is usually 33-34 degrees F.) is 14.62 ppm. (parts per million). When for any considerable length of time the oxygen stays below 4.0 ppm, the danger point set by Bergman, it is injurious to cranberry plants and so-called suffocation takes place. Starting with the foundation of information obtained by Dr. Berg- man and under the guidance of Dr. Stevens, we rea'ized that we must study the oxygen content of the winter and spring flood water and the relative importance of the B. 0. D. of the water of our reser- voir during flooding periods. 1. Testing the Reservoir Water In the winter of 1941-42 we took the oxygen content of the reser- voir water under the ice only dur- ing the time that we were using the water for flooding purposes. This was a very open winter and our readings never showed less than 5.0 ppm. In fact, according to O'Donnell, there was no case of a Wisconsin lake "freezing out", (fish dying) that winter. The wa- ter we used for flooding was well supplied with oxygen and we took no B. 0. D. tests. During the winter of 1942-43, we made a much more extensive study of the oxygen content in our reservoir. We tested for oxygen content and B. O. D. from Nov. 29th to May 10th, several weeks after the ice went out. The reser- voir froze over November 26th and the ice increased in thickness up to 20 inches about March 26 and was covered with from 6 inches to a foot of snow most of the winter. Referring to Graph No. 1: the oxygen content, 12.1 on Nov. 29th, first reading, declined to zero by Jan. 27th, while the demand (B. 0. D.) kept getting greater and greater. These conditions re- mained unchanged except for a slight rise Feb. 26-27, caused by pumping back large quantities of water used in flooding the marsh Feb. 24th, which added some oxy- gen. Nine ', 5 •i^'.- \ H \ ■ \ ■ 3 , \ ■?' \ ■d \ ■ 1 f* \ A^*\ "S^'J-^N— _ ■O GRAPH No. 1 — OXYGEN CONTENT DAYS FROM FIRST FLOODING 6 7 8 9 10 M 12 13 15 IS 17 IB 19 7- 12 O A\ _l \ -J V 2 10 \ (T \, UJ \ Ql C, v X iq^i-ZTt {2 8 / / S 6 ^^. z 10 as >■ B>v g 4 v. X ^% Q Ixl ••v^ to d C\ B W ^^ ^^^ SNOW OVER b 5 mSS^ ^^ ICE OVER B M SNOW OVER A m ICE OVER A GRAPH No. 2— OXYGEN CONTENT, WATER OVER VINES Between March 25-31 the reser- voir was raised one "foot by melt- ing ice and snow, and there was a marked increase in oxygen content which was still further increased by pumping on AprU 5, 6, 7. The B. 0. D. climbed slowly un- til Feb. 1, then roBe more rapidly until shortly after Feb. 26th when it di'opped somewhat as a result of the pumping. The B. O. D. re- mained very high until March 31st. It then declined rapidly. However, •it should be especially noted that whi'e the B. 0. D. was much lower on April 7th than on March 31st, it was by no means i-educed to zero; in fact, it was still measure- ■ Ten able on April 16th, nine days later. It can be seen that even though the oxygen content was relatively high after April 1st, the B. O. D. of the water was so great that it took several days for it to become satisfied. The winter '42-'43 had been a severe one. O'Donnell reported that quite a number of lakes "froze out." In our own reservoir all the smal'er fish were dead by Feb. 1, the only ones surviving be- ing the larger ones, able to migrate to the springs. We now have rec- ords on the reservoir for two dif- ferent types of winter: one mild, one severe. 2. Testing Water Under Ice Here we took oxygen content only. The oxygen content was taken as often as possible on sev- eral sections from the day the flood was put on the marsh until the day the water was withdrawn. Graph No. 2 shows the trend of the oxygen content of water on the marsh under the ice on several sections for the winters 1941-42, 1942-43. Curve A is for a per- iod of 19 days in 1941-42 (water was put on Dec. 10, 1941). It can be observed that at the end of the first day the water contained 11.6 ppm of oxygen; during the next four days, when the water was cov- ered with from 4 to 6 inches of ice and at times 4 inches of snow, the oxygen content fell to 7.2. Then with warmer weather the snow melted and part of the ice. Under these conditions the oxygen rose and remained at, or about 8 ppm up to the eleventh day. As late as the nineteenth day it was 4.5, safe- ly above 4.0 ppm, the danger point set by Bergman. In sharp contrast to the record given in A is that of the flooding water under the ice in the same section the following winter ('42- '43. Curve B. On Jan. 19, 1943, at the end of the first day's flood- ing, the water contained only 5.6 ppm oxygen. With conditions of ice and snow closely resembling those of the previous year it had fallen by the fifth day to 2.1 ppm, and had to be withdrawn to prevent injury to the vines. The explana- tion of this striking difference in the behavior must be found in the difference in the water at the time it was put on the marsh. In the year of '41-'42 the reservoir water before flooding contained 12.1 ppm oxygen with probably little or no B. O. D.; the '42-'43 reservoir wat- er contained only 2 ppm oxygen and the B. O. D. was 8. This water had been raised to 5.6 ppm oxygen by splashing over the gates. However, the e'apsed time was not suflScient to oxidize to any considerable degree the organic material in the water and as it went under the ice it must have had a very high B. 0. D. The importance of the condition of the water as it goes under the ice is still more strikingly shown by the record of the water from the reservoir from another section later in the same year. This is shown in Curve C (graph No. 2). In this case the water was put on March 2. At the end of the first day the water had 8.3 ppm oxygen, but within three days the oxygen content had fallen to 2.8, and the V ater had to be withdi-awn. In this case the water in the reser- voir at the time of flooding is known to have had 2.5 ppm oxy- gen, or more than on Jan. 19, be- cause of recent pumping, and the B. O. D. had risen to 9. Even thoujrh the water was aerated up to 8.3 ppm oxygen by especially arranged splashing boards in the flumes, its B. O. D. must have been still very high when it went on the marsh. During the years previous to 1941, before we tested for oxygen, we used to flood the marsh and leave the water on until 10 to 12 inches of ice had formed. Some- times this took a month or more and as has been noted we were too often injured by serious defolia- tion. Now since we test the water for oxygen we leave it on only un- til the oxygen content declines to the danger point (4.0 ppm), then it is drained off regardless of the thickness of the ice. Sometimes we only get 4 or 5 inches of ice and have to withdraw the water to avoid injury to the vines. In such cases we reflow with fresh activated water and add to the ice coating. Caution must be used, however, in reflooding over ice, as vines may be pulled in the process. We have been successful in this practice by adding the water slow- ly in cold weather. What have we learned from all this? Several very significant facts have been learned from these tests relative to the treat- ment given to the flooding of cran- berry vines during the winter period. We have found that if the reservoir water is needed for flood- ing at a time when the oxygen content is low, the water can be aerated and the oxygen content raised by a system of splash boards placed in the flooding gates at angles to break up the falling water, and after the water is on the beds its oxygen content can be maintained better if some fresh aerated water from the reservoir is allowed to circulate through the cranberry beds. The importance of B. O. D. in water used for flooding cranberries is not yet fully understood, but it is evident that it might be very great. The water which reaches the vines may have a fairly high oxygen content due to splashing over the gates and through the flumes, or the water in the reser- voir may have a high oxygen con- tent from recent pumping or addi- tions of rainwater or melted snow, and yet it may have so high a B. 0. D. that this oxygen is quickly exhausted. Therefore, although we can not yet eliminate the eflfect of B. O. D. in the water, we can a'leviate the situation by raising the content as high as possible by splashing and maintaining it by circulation. Since we started these tests at Beaver Brook we have had no not- iceable injury from oxygen defic- iency during the winter months. Whil? the winter months are the most precarious from the stand- point of oxygen deficiency, Dr. Stevens has proven by tests in the Mather region of Wisconsin that certain reservoirs high in organic matter may be dangerously low in oxygen even during the month of May and early June. Reservoirs having a high B. O. D., used for insect reflows, caused serious in- jury to flower buds and setting during submergence of from 1.0 to 36 hours. As a consequence we now con- tinue our oxygen tests at Beaver Brook through the period of spring reflows to be sure that we are not punishing our vines with water de- ficient in oxygen. We have continued our tests on the marsh through the winter and spring floods ■•' of 1943-44, '44-45, and '45-46 to date and have found nothing to change materially the conclusions presented so far. How- ever, in the 02 tests taken last winter (1944-45) we found the 02 content to drop from 7.3 ppm to 0.8 ppm in three days, and this winter from 8.7 ppm to 3.0 ppm in three days in isolated areas of shallow water under the ice cov- ered each year with one inch of snow. The area which dropped to 0.8 ppm was drained and reflowed, bringing the 02 up to 6.9 ppm, but it was low on 02 from 48 to 60 hours. This area was watched closely last spring and we found evidence of the type of injury caused by oxygen deficiency. ENTOMOLOGIST A. L. Filler to Assist Wisconsin Cranberry Growers Alvin L. Filler, entomologist, who has recently been assigned by E. L. Chambers, Wisconsin State Entomo'ogist, to assist Wisconsin growers with their insect and plant disease problems, comes to his new work with some slight familiarity with cranberries. His first work upon graduation from college in 1931 brought about in- spection of cranberry vines that were sold for plantings, and he also took part in the making of a colored 16 mm. movie showing cranberry growing in Wisconsin. However, he says that he expects he may be taught as much about cranberry pi'oblems as he teaches during his first months. He was born on a farm in south- ern Wisconsin and attended county school, being graduated from Bel'esville High school, where he took four years of Smith-Hughes ALVlN L. FILLER agriculture. He was active in 4-H club work, raising pure bred Hamp- shire hogs which he showed at State and County Fairs. ■ - - ' Attending the University of Wis-, j. consin from 1926 to 1931, he ma- jored in entomology with minors in plant pathology and agricultural economics. During the summers of 1927-29 he worked as a corn- borer scout for the U. S. Depart- ment of Agriculture and as nur- sery inspector for the Wisconsin Department of Agriculture during 1930. After graduation the Wis- consin Department of Agriculture employed him full time as field en- '. tomologist, this work consisting "of nursery inspection, European corn borer control, transit inspection, and other activities carried on by the State Entomologist's office. During the summers of 1938, 1939 and 1940, he was given leave of , absence by the State to act as State Supervisor of grasshopper control in Wisconsin for the USDA. During 1942 he applied for a commission in the U. S. Naval Re- - serve and, accepted, went on active duty as Lt. (jg) in February of 1943. After a short peripd, of in- doctrination and training he was assigned to Army Guard duty, serving on two ships, a Liberty and an Army transport in charge (Continued on Page 22) x ^leye,ri - Lincoln and Washington Knew the Value of UNITY! They knew that this nation must achieve a unity of purpose — that interests fighting for divided purposes will not provide prosperity and success for all of us. Unless we are all on the road to achievement together, there is no permanent good future for us. We have won the war, but not the peace — yet. We need to use the wisdom of the principles of Lincoln and Washington, NOW. This is the 44th in a series of messages, sponsored by the following public-spirited firms and individuals. Slocum-Cibbs Cranberry Co. RUEL S. GIBBS. Gen. Mgr. Jesse A. Holmes & Son Sawmills at Carver, Mass. Tel. Carver 10-3 CRANBERRIES MAGAZINE Decas Cranberry Company Growers and Shippers of CAPE COD CRANBERRIES Wareham, Mass. THIS SPACE OPEN TO YOU Acushnet Saw Mills Co. New Bedford, Mass. GOOD WOOD BOXES Est. 1865 L. B. R. BARKER Buzzards Bay Mass. H. R. BAILEY CO. South Carver, Mass. ELLIS D. ATWOOD South Carver, Mass. Twelve ISSUE OF FEBRUARY, 1946 Vol. 10 No. 10 1.*^ ^V>OW-«^"*«''"«''MC^j 'f^d RURAL MECHANICS AGRICULTURAL economists and stu- dents of rural sociology seem to be of the opinion that a changed era is opening to the farming population of the country, and, in the broad classification, cranberry growers are farmers. Present trends sug- gest that farming will grow progressively in favor as a means of livelihood. Mod- ern science has helped to eliminate much of the drudgery of the older days of crop production and of rural life. NEW YORK TIMES recently said edi- torially, "A great increase in farm mech- anization seems certain." The estimate is made, for instance, that there are now some two million tractors on 25 percent of the farms, and a 100 percent increase is predicted over 1929. The interest shown by cranberry growers in use of tractors for bog work and in the increasing use of oth- er mechanical aids, as demonstrated at the recent meeting in New Jersey, both report- ed in this issue, prove that cranberry growers are in step with the trend. "GOLDY" THAT Vernon Goldsworthy, after serv- ing Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Com- pany as general manaorer since 1933, is no longer to fill that nosition after December of this year, is d'stinctlv not good news to his many friends throue-hout the industry. What proDortion of Wisconsin's rapid ad- vance during the time he has been exec- utive head of the co-operative is due to "Goldy's" genius and what to other fac- tors, may not be determined, but that his leadership has bulked mighty large in Wis- consin's gains is disputed by none. This upbuilding of Wisconsin in the cranberry picture has been primarily of benefit to Wisconsin growers, but at the same time the strength added has been the added strength of all associated with cranberry CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS Subscription $2.50 per year Aflvertising rates upon application Eclitov iiiifl Publisher CLARENCR .1. HALL LRMUET, C. HALL Associate Editor CORRESPONDENTS-ADVISORS Wi.-sconsin VER^'ON OOLnSWORTHY Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin Washin,g ton-Oregon J. D. CROWLEY Cranherry Specialist Lonsr Beach, Wash. ETHET, M. KRANICK Bandon, Oreg:on Massachusetts DR. TTENRY ,T. FRANKLIN Director Mass. Pt^te '^rnnhprry Eyperiment Statinr En«t Wavph.^im. Mass. BERTRAM TOMLINSON Barnstable, County A.s:ricultural Agent Barnstable, Mass. Ne-w Jersey CHARLES A. DOEHLERT, Actina: Chief. New Jersey Crnrib'^rry and Blueberry Station, Pemberton. New Jersey growing. The bright ray is that "Goldy", Avhilfi no longer at the executive desk of the Wisconsin co-op, has some interesting and ambitious nl'^ns as a cranberrv man in his own individual right, and will still be within the . industry. Growers who know him personally or who know only of the fine job he has done, we are certain, wh'le regretti'ig a decision to no longer hold his nosi+ici wa^- deemed necessary, wHl ioin CRANBERRIES in wishing Goldy, the Grower, success. Coos Co-Op Holds Annual Meeting" Annual "pot-luck" dinner and meeting of Coos Cranberry Co- operative was held at Masonic Ha 1, Baiidoii, Oregon, with Eay Bates, re-elected president; A. B. Wood, vice president; Elmer A. Gant, ■ secretary- treasurer; J. M. Baksr and William Biescke, directors. E. R. Ivie was elected purchasing agent. Seventeen new members to the co-op were reported, and with many new bogs, even though most- ly small, being put in, prospect of further increasing membership was good. The group is working towai'd more centralized shipping and buying. Thirteen Construction Equipment Coming Into Extensive Postwar Use Gault Construction Company, With Extensive Outlay in Machinery, Is One of Operators Set Up to Give Growers Specialized Service The use of labor-saving ma- chinery looms large in the post- war picture of the cranberry grower, and the "shape" of this prospect is a pleasing one — with manual labor still difficult to obtain and, when available, high in cost. In fact, an increasing use of heavy construction equipment to do many of the heavy jobs re- quired in bog renovation, new construction and maintenance has today become practically a neces- sity. To meet this demand in cran- berry growing for such machinery, there is developing a new class of operators, ready to do this type of work by the job. The larger growers own or will own much of their own equipment, others will hire the work done. This new phase was developing before the war. During the war the call for such work was often greater than could be met, and growers have learned that the use of construc- tion equipment is a time saver and hence a saver of cost. A number of firms, large and small, and in- dividuals are now set up with the necessary equipment, and special- ize in cranberry bog work. Falling into the category of Above — One of the Cletracs with bulldozer at work on the Decas Brothers job. Left — Shows canal recently completed for Cole & Shurtleff at Plymouth from bog to water supply nearly 1,000 fe3t long; ave. depth 15 ft., ave. width 15 ft. (Cranberr.es photo) large operators is the Gault Con- struction Company, "Ed.die" T. Gault, Jr., Wareham, Mass. Even though most such operators do not confine their services exclus- ively to cranberry work, the avail- ability of such equipment with skilled and experienced operators has become a distinct asset to the cranberry industry. A very con- siderable outlay of capital invested in such equipment, through these firms, has been placed at the com- mand of the growers. The very listing of this equip- ment such as is owned in the case of the Gault Construction Com- pany, with which this is con- cerned, is impressive. The amount of equipment involved and its com- plexity shows to what a distance the procedure of bog construction and renovation has advanced since the time bogs were built entirely by the muscle-tugging of a man, equipped with shovel or turf-axe. Mechanically speaking, the incus- try is coming of ag'e with the use of such machinery. The Gault Company has for equipment three power shovels (a Bucyrus-Erie, which can handle three-quarters of a yard of material at a bite, a half yard. Byes and a half yard P & H); three tractor bulldozers Fourt««n (Cletraes); an Austin & Weston grader (model 99-M) which is use- ful for grading roads around bogs; power winches, cranes, back hoes and draggers; half a dozen dump trucks, sand and gravel screener capable of handling 90 yards per hour, freight and"low-bed"trailers up to 65-ton capacity. Equipment such as this at work on cranberry projects is sonaething the earlier growers never even dreamed of. "Cranberry growers are coming to the general use of machinery — there is no question about that," declares Gault. "The use of this equipment speeds up the whole picture. It is a speed-up process, saving costs in the long run. "For instance, with a bulldozer we can clean up a raw swamp — go right in with a crawler tractor and with the bulld.ozer blade knock over smaller trees, pull out the stumps with a hoist. We can strip the area to be utilized, and we can grade it accurately to the level the owner wants. We can even spread the sand with this equipment and to the depth want- ed, either by bulldozer blade or by using a 'Little LeTourneau' scrap- Call er behind the tractor, the Scraper being self-loading and self-dump- ing. "In other words, we can start from scratch at a bog site and, with this equipment, get the bog all ready up to the point of setting the vines. On an old bog we can strip the top, grade it, and with the sci'aper, resand. We can build roads, clean up the shore around a bog, build dikes, excavate ditch- es, open sand pits, dig ditches and canals. "I don't see how a man can af- ford to have a bog made or reno- vated in any other way today than by using such machinery. It is so much faster and cheaper. On one recent bog operation a bull- dozing and sanding job was done for about $900 an acre, exclusive of the cost of the land, and the bog was ready for the vines to be set. As far as I can see the old way of using manpower is finished, at least on jobs of any size." Recent cranberry jobs done by Gault include the making of a 12- acre piece at Mattapoisett for Decas Bros, of Wareham and a Marion. On the Decas project a bulld.ozer made a canal, working right in a stream, with water up to the tops of the tracks. At the Hiller bog an area was cleared by bulldozer and sand was dug out from near by with a power shovel and carried by bog railway out over the sections as made ready. A part of the sanding process was also bog making, as the area from which the sand was d.ug went into additional bog. "I can see all kinds of work for this construction equipment in the cranberry industry in the next few years ahead," Gault says. "So many bogs lost ground during the war and so many growers want ola pieces re-built and mod.ernized, and so many others want to in- crease aci-eage, and still others want to go into the cranberry business that such equipment is going to be a great advantage to the cranberry men. The use of this machinery looks like a new era in cranberry bog renovation and rebuilding. I can see big things ahead for the cranberry men." As a matter of fact, Gault, 14-acre bog for Hiller Bros, of Bifca^itjgiM'SMi^'ffrirTfiff iiiiaiffi;T""''»""--«MiBfle!Bi». L^e O age PLYMOUTH TeL 740 Peter A. LeSage Distributor of Cape Cod Cranberries YARMOUTH TeL Barnstable 107 Fifteen through becoming interested in the cranberry growing because of this worli, feels there is so much opportunity for the postwar grow- er that he is considering becoming a grower himself. The tempo of bog building is being stepped up by the modern methods employed by Gault and others. Common use of the many modern methods now coming into popularity is apt to bring in many recruits to the in- dustry, men of the type who today would be impatient with olJer, slower methods. With the adop- tion of these methods, cranberry growing is keeping pace with the times, and a good deal more will doubtless be told in CRANBER- RIES about this change in pro- cedure as time goes on. Bergman Assisfed Interested Massachusetts Growers In Jan. Gave Instructions in Taking Flood Water Samples and Titration Tests for Possible Oxygen Deficiency Estimate (Continued from Page 8) berries as follows, fresh: N. E. Sales, 127,886 bbls.; ave. FOB price, §20.775; Wisconsin Sales, 47,143, price, §21.20; Growers' Cranberry Co. (N. J.), 10,287, price $20,939; CCI, Pac. Div. 7,580; price, §122.076; A. S. D. Johnson, Long Island, 1,944, price §20.948; A definite jump ahead in the im- portant project of the determina- tion of oxygen content of Massa- chusetts winter flood water was made during January under the direction of Dr. H. F. Bergman, who was assigned back to East Warekam for that month from work at Beltsville, Maryland, to get this work in progress. He has been instructing the growers in the taking and titrating water samples for the determination of dissolved oxygen, and also himself making the tests of water samples brought in to him. This project has two phases, one in which a grower purchases the complete apparatus and after being processors, N. E. Sales, 4,516, price §18.468; Growers' Co., 4,719, price, §18.695; Johnson, 45, price, §18.661. instructed by Dr. Bergman as to how to properly obtain the water samples makes his own titrations of these samp'es, after also having been taught how by Bergman; and the other in which the grower is instructed how to obtain the samples and then brings them in to be titrated by Dr. Bergman at the State Bog. Frequent determination of the dissolved oxygen content in the flood waters, and the steps taken to remedy a deficiency if one ]S present, can, in the opinion of Dr. Bergman, have very definite effect upon crop production the follow- ing fall. He feels that if sufficient growers make this a regular win- ter practice, prospects of produc- tion may be considerably improved. Last year's crop, for instance, might have been materially in- Do It With DYNA The modern way to . . — build ditches — remove stumps — excavate rocks — dig" cores for dykes — loosen sub soil MMMll'iMi is with dynamite, r Let me tell you results other growers have obtained, and the savings realized. Will be glad to consult with you on any work you are planning, and quote prices. Expert service. Trained by Hercules Powder Co. ALTON J. SMITH HIGH STREET - - HANSON, MASSACHUSETTS Telephone — Bryajitville 209R3 Sixte Foresight is STILL necessary Materials for cranberry machinery are still difficult to obtain, because of strikes and reconversion problems in suppliers' plants. We are urging growers to place orders early for Pumps, Dusters, and Sep- arators. HAYDEN SEPARATOR MANUFACTURING CO. E. C. St. Jacques WAREHAM, MASS. creased, with proper procedure along this line, as 'ast year there was proprably much injurious oxygen deficiency on many bogs because of the heavy snow on ice and the thick snow-ice which cut out sunlight to the water beneath. When oxygen deficiency is found, the remedy is to pull out the water, and drop the ice onto the vines, and if the ice then melts (as it is likely to do in the changeable Massachusetts climate) reflood. Interest in this new practice has been gratifying to Dr. Bergman, even though only re'atively few have yet taken advantage of it. About 14 growers have ordered the necessary equipment although all have not been delivered and in- structions have been given by Bergman, both in the taking of samples and the titration tests. Growers who did not care to obtain the entire equipment could obtain that necessary for taking the samples, and bring the samples in to Bergman for the tests to be made for them, and this has been done by some. Those who have gone most act- ively into trying out the benefits of this new practice for themselves are A. D. Makepeace Co., which is making a rea ly thorough oxygen content survey of its great acreage of bogs in winter flood; the J. J. Beaton Co.; and "Dellie" Ham- mond of Smith-Hammond Co. Raymond Morse of N. E. Sales has been working with Dr. Bergman and is now equipped at the Tre- mont Packing House to assist in making determinations for com- pany members who desire the ser- vice. Cranberry Canners will set up equipment at Hanson and at the Plymoutth plant where tests may be made for its' members. It is the thought of Dr. Bergman that with four or five such testing stations, those at State Bog, N. E. Sales, Cranberry Canners, and also individual testing stations, a cross- section of Massachusetts winter water, as concerns sufficient oxygen content can be obtained. This cou'd show that many bogs at many times during the winter suffer from a deficiency, and if the proper remedial steps are taken, production prospects could be in- creased. Mass. Insect Control Chart Committee Meets A meeting of the Massachusetts insect and disease control chart committee at the State Bog, East Wareham, Monday, January 14th, had representatives from both Ply- mouth and Barnstable counties and County Agents Bertram Tomlinson and J. Richard Beattie in attend- ance, Drs. Franklin and Bergman cooperating. In view of the in- creased availability of the desired -; chemical materials, the 'aying of 'i greater stress upon chemical con trol, rather than flooding, was the major trend in changes for control suggestions in the 1946 chart, to be issued shortly. Ferris C. Waite, CCI, said he has been led to under- stand that most materials would be available in adequate quantities for the needs of cranberry growers, although rotenone products would continue tight. No definite action was taken up- on revision of the weed control chart at the meeting beyond de- ciding to communicate with Dr. Chester E. Cross, who is still in service with the Army, stationed at Lawrence, Mass. As Dr. Cross has been able to make no further research since induction into the Army, it is not expected there will be any changes of particular con- sequence. It is expected Dr. Cross will be released from active status in the service by the end of Feb- ruary or about March first. Continuation of timely "remind- er" notices from the County Ag- ents to growers, with more com- plete instructions and suggestions than contained on the chart was decided as a policy. Ar I ENS -7/7/ er THE MOST COMPLETE LINE OF TILLAGE EQUIPMENT IN THE WORLD CA PACITIES 14 IN TO 7 FT CUTTING WIDTHS ARIENS CO. BOX 608 BRILLION. WIS Seventeen We are "All Set" to serve Massachusetts Growers * WITH ANY JOB OF BOG RENOVATION. * NEW BOG CONSTRUCTION * BOG MAINTENANCE We have Power Shovels (3) ; Tractor Bulldozers (3) ; Cranes, Scrapers, 90- Yard Screener; Power Winches, Draggers; Road Grader — 30 competent Oper- ators and employes— AND THE NECESSARY EXPERIENCE AND KNOW- HOW. E. T. Cauit Transportation Co. Franconia Service Station Freight Transportation (including cranberries in season). Heavy equipment hauling. Tel. 227 Franconia Coal Co. Water- White Kerosene for Weed Control this spring. Tel. 39-R Tires, Tubes, Batteries, Auto and Truck Re- pairing and Greasing. Jenney Gasoline and Motor Oils. Distributors for MACK and INTERNATIONAL TRUCKS Tel. 39-R CAULT CONSTRUCTION COMPANY Main St., Wareham, Mass. "EDDIE" T. GAULT, JR. Tel. 227 JERSEY GROWERS ANNUAL MEETING The 67th annual meeting of American Cranberi-y Growers' As- sociation, held at Walt Whitman Hotel, Camden, New Jersey, Jan- uary 26th, was a lively, interesting session, beginning promptly at 10:30 o'clock, with 56 remaining for luncheon at 1 and for an ofternoon session until about 3:30. In election of officers Francis W. Sharpless, first vice president, was advanced to president, succeeding Joseph H. Palmer; first vice presi- dent is Enoch Bills, and second vice president, Daniel McE. Crabbe. Charles E. Doehlert was re-elected secretary and treasurer. Executive officers to serve with the officers are:: Joseph Palmer, Ralph B. Clayberger, J. Rogers Brick, James D. Holman. One of the actions taken was the passing of a resolution appealing to the New Jersey Fish and Game Commission to do what it could to reduce the nuisance of beavers to the cranberry growers. James D. Holman, sponsoring the resolu- tion, pointed out that of the Com- mission would stop protecting beavers it wou'd be a benefit, and that he believed the practice of the Commission in trapping beaver in locations from which there were complaints of damage done, and then releasing the beaver in other areas, was not a satisfactory one. He said that beaver often got in flood gates on nights preceding possible frosts and were a definite hazard to the growers. Beaver has caused extensive trouble to the Jersey cranberry men, and some apple growers are also complaining that the animals are cutting down their trees. Dr. R. B. Wilcox, discussing Fer- mate, pointed out that certain con- flicting findings in the use of Fer- mate coming from different cran- berry sections and arising from re- sults of different years, leads him to the conclusion that differences in manufacturing each year and the effect of particular spreaders used, explains a great deal of what seems to be contradictory. Accord- ingly, he will continue his studies of different proprietory mixtures and the effects of the spreaders be- We Have LUtingi of Cranberry Bogs, Large and Small FOR SALE Geo. A. Cole Agency WILDA HANEY Decas Block Wareham, Massachusetts Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK At Screenhouses. Bogi and Pumps Means Satisfaction ALFRFD PAPPI WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. 626 ROBERT LENARI Real Estator Reed Avenue - • Manomet, Mass. Tel. Manomet 44-R Specializing in the Purchase and Sale of Cranberry Properties Eighteen fore making any further recom- mendations of Fermate for cran- berry spraying. There was discussion which re- sulted in an expression of favor of having the Agricultural Experi- ment Station conduct an economic study of the New Jersey cran- berry industry, this to be done by Prof. Allen G. Waller, N. J., State Agricu'tural Economist. D. 0. Boster, Federal crop sta- tistician for New Jersey made his third annual report on deer dam- age. The association believed it would not be necessary to continue this study any longer, as sufficient factual information has now been accumulated. The association voted its thanks and appreciation to Mr. Boster for his work. Milton Strieker, of the Barclay Apiaries of Maple Shade, N. J., spoke on bees in cranberry polli- nation. He said that in spite of some recent reports that wind pol- lination is sufficient, other recent research strongly supports the com- mon impression that insect polli- nation is a strong factor. He ad- mitted that one bumble bee will visit many more flowers than a honey bee, but it is also possible to put many times the population of honey bees in a bog area in which pollination is desired than the natura' population. A resolution was unanimously passed, offering to the U. S. D. A. the cooperation of the Association through the Executive Commit- tee, in sponsoring the sale and dis- tribution of cranberry seedlings to be placed on second test in 1946 when any of these are named and released. Mr. Doehlert reported on the frost forecasting service for 1945. The Association favored continu- ing present arrangements without change. The assembled membership stood in silence in token of re- spect for Otto C. Luhrs of Tren- ton, long a member and cranberry grower, who died January 18. A resolution was passed to express the sympathy of the Association members to Mrs. Luhrs. Sharpless Grandson of Jersey Pioneer Francis Sharpless manages the cranbei-ry and blu'berry business of Evans and Wills, Inc. of Med- ford, this business having been be- gun in 1869 by his grandfather, Joshua S. Wills, and brother-in- law, Joseph Evans. The partner- ship was changed to a corporation in 1931 and members of both fam- ilies are still interested in it. The grandfather of Mr. Sharp- less, Joshua Wills, was born in 1945 and spent most of his life on a farm near Rancocas, and when, in 1869, he formed the partnership with Mr. Wills, he and his brother- in-law were among the first to go into the business in a big way in New Jersey. For as long as most Jersey growers can remember this firm has been a prominent factor in the Jersey industry. At the time of his death Mr. Wills was president of the corporation, and was the oldest living member of Irrigation and Frost Protection for Cranberries Send for blueprint and detailed specifications showing cost for typical 2 J/2 acre bog. Or send sketch of your bog for special layout. THE SKINNER IRRIGATION CO. TROY, OHIO GEORGE N. BARRIE, New England Distributor BROOKLINE, MASSACHUSETTS Nineteen the American Cranberry Growers' Association, having joined in 1881. He was the last surviving charter member of the Growers' Cranberry Company, having served this co- operative as director continuously. Mr. Sharpless had worked on the bogs summers, and after being graduated from Haverford College with a B. S. in 1929, he went im- mediately into the cranberry busi- ness of Evans and Wills. In ad- dition to cranberries and blueber- ries he is engaged in dairy farm- ing, but much prefers cranberry growing. During the war he did part time duty in the U. S. Coast Guard Reserve (T), most of it in boat patrol work on the Delaware river. Jersey Growers Discuss Mechanical Needs of Growers "Joe" Palmer is Named to Board Since the article upon Joseph N. Palmer in this issue was written, he has been appointed a member of the New Jersey State Water Policy Committee, a board whi:h acts in a supervisory capacity over public water supplies, including municipal. He was appointed by Gov. Walter E. Edge, and repre- sents agriculture. Cranberry growers from Atlan- tic, Burlington and Ocean County, New Jersey, attended a January meeting at the Lakewood Log Cabin and discussed the possibil- ities of utilizing machinery more efficiently in cranberry bog work. During the discussion K. Olub of the Gash-Stull Company, Chester, Pa., pointed out that the prospect of farm machinery for 1946 is pretty dark. He said, although during the war the manufacturers had priorities on which they could obtain raw materials, at the end of the war these priorities had been removed, but it was practi- cally impossible to obtain material at the present time. The labor strikes throughout the country are affecting the production of raw material. He further stated that in his opinion the develop- ment and manufacture of a spec- ialized machinery for cranberry growing is not very likely, inas- ^ESBlE^B^ra For Effective Oestruotion of ROOT GRUB yse Distributed in Massachusetts by Cranberry Canners Inc. SOLVAY SALES CORPORATION 45 Milk Street Boston 9, Mass. much as the sales field is limited to a relatively few farmers in Massachusetts, New Jersey, Wis- consin, and the Pacific Northwest. He concluded his remarks by stat- ing that probably the best that could be done would be to adapt present day machinery to special- ized jobs. During the discussion, which was led by Joseph Darlington, Ocean County grower, the follow- ing mechanical needs were stressed : 1: Mechanical ditching ma- chine; 2: Mechanical pruner; 3: mechanical vine-setting machine; 4: upland cutter; 5: cranberry picker and a rear end saw for work on upland boroers of bogs. Oscar Downs of Lakehurst, general chairman of the evening, said that on the market at the present time is a new ground, disk and a front end rake. Both of these ma- chines can be used to good advan- tage by cranberry growers and as soon as the machinery picture brightens, will be available. D. 0. Boster, Crop Statistician for the U. S. Department of Agri- culture, reported that a recent acreage survey shows that there are 2400 acres of bogs in Ocean County, 1703 of which are bear- ing, but due to the practice of summer flooding and frost, only 1130 acres were harvested. There were 22 acres of new bogs planted in 1945. This represents about 49% of acreage harvested., 1% of new bogs, 69. 5 '/r of bearing bogs, and 30% of old bogs. He found 105 producers. These figures all apply to Ocean County. James D. Holman, Whitesville grower, brought up the question of damage to cranberry bog dams by beavers. He said that the bea- vers were released and protected by the State Fish and Game Com- mission and that the beavers were getting so plentiful that damage was becoming too great. Mr. Hol- man pointed out that if cranbei-ry growers complained to the Game Commission it would trap the bea- vers and move them to another section of the county, but that this was ineffective because the bea- vers soon migrated to other bogs. A committee headed by Mr. Hol- man and consisting of H. B. Twenty Scammell, Toms River and Joseph Palmer, New Gretna, was appoint- ed to look into the possibility of relief from this type of damage. The growers decided to meet again the last week in February at the Lakewood Log Cabin, at which time the discussion and thinking of the growers would be directed toward frost prevention. IMPORTANT COMMITTEE OF 8 MEETING CCTs First Postwar ''Brokers' Breakfast" Officials of Cranberry Canners, Inc., attended the first post-war National Canners Convention at Atlantic City, the week beginning February 3. This, as the first national assemblage possible since the beginning of the war, was ex- pected to be a gathering which would give a good forecast of con- ditions of the near future. Executive officials from CCI ex- pecting to be present included Mr. Urann, H. Gordon Mann, Miss El- len Stillman, Miss Janet Craw- ford, M. S. Anderson of Chicago, in charge of Western sales, and Richard S. Heath, assistant to Sales Manager Mann; also the CCI directors. Highlight of this con- vention for CCI is the "Brokers' Breakfast" which will be held on Tuesday morning, with CCI as host. Approximately 100 brokers from all parts of the U. S. are the guests and give a cross-section of the market prospects of the country, and personal interviews with each give an opportunity to discuss post-war plans and prob- lems. CCI Making Cocktail A second advance of 5 cents a pound, or §5.00 a barrel, has been made by CCI, giving returns to member growers to date of $15.00, with more dividends to come later. These later dividends will be in- creased by returns from several thousand barrels of fruit which will be turned into Cranberry Cocktail, plus the returns from Orange-Cranberry marmalade, the manufacture of which has already begun in the Chicago plant and which will be taken up in others shortly. An important meeting of the Cranberry Industry Committee of 8 was to be held in New York at the Hotel Pennsylvania February 1 and. 2, with nearly 40 expected in attendance. This would induce, besides the Committee, the special committees from Massachusetts, New Jersey and Wisconsin, attor- neys Loos and Quarles, and others. Chairman Ellis D. Atwood regards this meeting, after the degree of agreement reached at the Decem- ber session, as having considerable possibility of a(ivancing plans in detail toward the final organiza- tion of a "national association of cooperatives." ATTENTION Cranberry Bog Owners THE FOTO STUDIO will be glad to offer any photographic service to you at any time. The Studio is equipped to supply portraits of character of you or your employes. Excellent photos of your scenic acreage, and all types of equipment installations. ADAM STEIN Tel. Wareham 995 Room 8, Decas Block WAREHAM, MASS. "Markets Are Purchasing Power" For forty years our management has sold cran- berries to markets all over the country. We know the trade, they recognize our fortitude in packing and shipping superior quality cranberries. Increasing market demand for "SUITS-US BRAND" pack requires a greater volume of supply each year. "CoUey Cranberry Company" Plymouth, Mass. Office 17 Court Street Telephone Plymouth 1622 Twenty-one MASSACHUSETTS FLUEBERRY GROWERS MEET Annual meeting- of Southeastern Massachusetts Blueberry Growers' association was held at Daniel Webster Inn, Sandwich, Monday evening, Jan. 28, with 41 present. Attendance and interest shown demonstrate that this association of 3 years age is in healthy and grow- ing condition. Principal speaker, and the event of the evening, was an address by Charles A. Doehlert, chief. Cranberry and Blueberry Re- search, Pemberton, N. J. Gilbert T. Beaton of Wareham was chosen president, succeeding J. Foxcroft Carleton, East Sand- wich, who was the first to hold that chair; vice president, A. K. Dah- leen, Wareham, vice president, Mrs. Mabelle Kelley, East Ware- ham, re-elected secretary-treasurer. Directors, Mr. Carleton and Arthur Chandler of Marshfield. Prof. Josn S. Bai'ey was also a speaker, dis- cussing "Blueberry Stunt Disease," and Dr. Weeks of the Amherst sta- tion was a guest but did not speak. A. L. Filler (Continued from Page 11) of gunnery and communications. He was promoted to senior grade in April, 1944. In March of 1945 he received a change of duty and was assigned as Executive Officer of the Navy V-12 Unit at Beres College, Beres, Kentucky. On November 30, 1945 he was released to inactive duty and returned to his present position as entomol- ogist with the Wisconsin Depart- ment of Agriculture. Goldsworthy (Continued from Page 5) acres with about 600 acres in all, he sold last fall. He then pur- chased the Damme Marsh at Wis- consin Rapids, but short.y after buying, resold. When "Goldy" came to the Wis- consin Cranberry Sales in 1933, the company was handling approxi- mately 8300,000 gross sales for its membership. In 1944 this in- creased to a business of $3,000,000. The membership increased approxi- mately 400 percent, and during the time he has served as manager there has not' been a single resig- nation. All cranberry properties in Wisconsin, with the exception of four or five, have membership in Wisconsin Cranberry Sales, and relationship between these few in- dependent growers and the com- pany is excellent. Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Com- pany is held in the highest respect by its members, as was pomted out in the Booz, Allen & Hamilton survey. Many new projects for the promotion of the Sales Com- pany, which also were of benefit to independent growers, were undertaken by Goldsworthy, these including the buying of growers' supplies, technical nelp in tne fie.d, issuing circulars, tax advise and other forms of assistance. Dredging work has been started on the new development by Golds- worthy in a virgin cranberry area well to the north of the pnncipal development around Wisconsin Rapids and also distant from other cranberry areas. Guy Potter is doing the dreaging work for Goldsworthy, and he expects to have that finished by the first of March. He does not believe it wi".l be possible to begin planting this spring. In his resignation, Goldsworthy expressed his thanks to all direc- tors of Sales Company, and par- ticularly to those who were on the board when he first came and were directors during practically his en- tire time with the Sales Co., these being Albert Hed er, Charles L. Lewis, Clark Treat, Joe Bissig, Guy Babcock, and Oscar Potter. "Without this support" of the directors, and the support of every member," he wrote, "the Sales Company could not have grown and prospered as it has the last few years. Personaly, I have enjoyed the work very much and if I were to do it over again I would follow the same line of work. I leave with the kindest of feeling towards every member as every one has given me 100% cooperation. "In the last few years, much has been accomplished in the Wiscon- sin cranberry industry, principally by the Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company and the groundwork has been laid for a bright future. In- sofar as consolidating our business nationary we must move ahead to- gether or else be undone seperately. In the psychological let down fol- lowing the war, we must not let spheres of influence develop to secure a dominating position in the cranberry industry, as funde- mentally we are al'. interested in the same thing, the economic wel- fare of the cranberry industry. Fundemental principals must be followed and the fog of confusion must be brushed aside, &r else no general objective can be obtained. The cranberry growers must plan their future on a long range ob- jective, based on sound fundemen- tals in which there shal be no place for personalities, or groups or personal or reginal opportunisms. There will be no security for any individual or groups of individuals in the cranberry industry, except as a part of the whole structure and any growers' persona", security must depend to a large extent up- on the welfare of the entire in- dustry. If the cranberry industry reaches a point where it can look forward to only emergency meas- ures or opportunities, then the future of the cranberry industry will be jeopardized, bog prices and '.ha prices of both the fresh fruit and canned fruit will come tumbl- ing down with disastrous results to the growers, perhaps never to rise. "Marked changes have come to the cranberry industry and must be faced squarely. If handled with de'iberation and reason they can bind the growers together more strongly than ever and with even greater security. If bungled, they will lead to disaster and ruin. "May we approach our national cranberry problems which are now upon us with a clear vision, an honest desire to be fair and a will- ingness to concede a point when necessary. Above all, we growers must keep our eyes on a long range objective and fo low an objective along the path of fundemental principals." Goldsworthy, in addition to be- ing manager and secretary of the Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Com- pany, has for a number of years been secretary of the Wisconsin State Cranberry Growers' Asso- ciation. His Sales Company resig- Twenty-two 'j nation is not a recent thought, as I he has had the possibility under consideration for some time, as he acquired status as a grower in his own right. (Note: It is the Editor's inten- tion to publish shortly an article upon "Goldy, the individual, and his achievements." His career has been one of action in high gear, since the days he was a crack runner in college.) For Farm, mi quickly Heavy duly for long tervi ter lubricafedj quired. No wear eul. Mi bvtion. THE C |rd or Truck Garden. Easily inted on any irrigation pipe. fss and bronze construction ^4 Sand and dirt proof. Wa- parings— no oil or grease re- moving ports to rapidly lum coverage— even distri> (fure and price:. LAPPER CO. FORMERLY NEW ENGLAND TORO CO. nai WASHINGTON ST. WEST NEWTON 65, MASS. PHONE BIGELOW 7900 1^ BUCKNER MANUFACTURING CO.(v 1615 Blackstone Ave., Fresno, Califomis iOGKNER SWKIEM Washington Report (Continued from last month) Piperine (Pineronyl cyclohexol) Another insecticide used this year for the control of cranberry insects was piperine. Used at di- lutions of 1 pint to 100 ga'lons of water, it killed fireworms, both in the miller and larval stages. It was equally toxic to fruitworm millers. In limited tests it proved to be superior to pyrethrum or rotenone. Further tests with this insecticide will be carried on in 1946. Migratory San Jose Scale Combinations of summer oil and D. D. T., summer oil and piperine and D. D. T. alone were used. The results of these tests are not yet available. Weeds For several seasons paint thin- ner oils have been used for control of cranberry weeds. Where there was a heavy weed infestation the pi-actice has been to spray both vines and weeds in early spring. This practice sometimes resulted in injury to the fruit buds. Ex- periments in 1945 indicate that bogs may be treated later in the spring by using a special spray boom that forces the spray through and under the vines without get- ting any oil on the fruit buds. Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid — 2.4. THOMAS BROTHERS General Contractors MIDDLEBORO, MASS. Tel. Middleboro 772 Concrete Flumes and Pumpwells Transit Mix Concrete Complete Line of Construction Equipment Excavating - Grading - Hauling Leave the Tough Jobs for Us Our Experience is Your Guarantee D. was used this season for control of several species of cranberry weeds. Tests to date indicate that in most cases it is as toxic to the cranberry vines as to the weeds. However, where vine growth was heavy, it appears to have elim- inated horsetail (equisetum sp.) and yellow weed (Lysimachia ter- restris) while only killing back the cranberries three or four inches. Further observations after growth starts next season will be necessary before definite conclusions can be drawn. Fertilizers In previous tests carried on at the Station with fertilizers, a def- inite increase in yield was always noted in the plots treated with superphosphate, with no increase in the nitrogen or potash plots. This season the plots treated with nitrate of soda or sulphate of am- monia produced larger berries than the plots without nitrogen. In some bogs, especially those that have produced heavy crops for three or four seasons, the vines showed a dark to bronze co'or in July and early August. This was at first attributed to the direct effect of the cold weather and un- usually strong winds from the ocean. The normal green color was resumed, however, after a light application ■ of ammonium sulphate, 100 lbs. per acre. While the cold weather may have been indirect'y responsible for the lack of available nitrogen the fact re- mains that fruit bud set is much greater on treated plots than on the untreated checks. Further tests on summer applications of fertilizer will be carried on in 1946. Fungicides Copper oxides, Bordeaux mixture and two proprietary sprays, "Fer- mate" and Copper "A" compound were used this season in tests for control of vine diseases and for fungi that cause losses in storage. While control of Red Leaf Spot and Rosebloom was obtained with all sprays, there was less residue on the vines where the Copper "A" Compound or Formate sprays were used. Tests on berries placed in storage are being carried on to determine the relative values of these sprays for control of storage rots. Tweiity-tJir«e Fresh from the Fields (Continued from Page 5) WASHINGTON TlWinter Mild — Winter has been rather mild, although there has been plenty of rain. In late Janu- ary growers were pi'uning Grass was green and some weeds were growing. getting, back into bog work. ^ As re- gards harvest work, a number of the growers who tried water- raking as an emergency war measure to get the berries off arc- expected to continue this practice in postwar, having found it more economical. OREGON HMuch Winter Rain — Winter rainfall had been heavy in the Ban- don area through December and January, but temperatures were almost like summer and growers got considerable work done when the weather was not too wet. Some bogs are under winter flood cov- erage while other growers, as usual in Southern Oregon, have left the vines out. On these latter bogs, the bud indication is good. TJMore Bog Help — The situation for getting bog work done looks much better than it was during the war, with many men being re- leased from the Armed Forces and Progress - - - A step toward greater efficiency is the increased use of ELECTRICITY. ELECTRICAL operation is EFFICIENT opera- tion. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM Tel. 200 PLYMOUTH Tel. 1300 Keeping Abreast of Market Conditions Is Our Job! Continually improving outlets in the various markets to assure our Growers of receiving high returns for their Cranberries is our Goal! We enter the future with full confidence. We extend an invitation to Growers to try our Service if not already receiving it. We have been co-operating with Cranberry Growers for over a quarter century, maintaining an outlet for all their berries. BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY Cape Cod Cranberries WAREHAM, MASS. Telephone [ g^^ Twenty-four i§^ i^ Appreciation — Our thanks to our loyal group of Cran- berry Growers who cooperated with us dur- ing- the season just closed. Our thanks to the BEATON DISTRIBU- TING AGENCY for services rendered and their splendid cooperation. And in REMEMBRANCE of MR. JOHN BEATON, our friend and co-worker, whose past efforts makes this appreciation pos- sible. w ^ Si? sis- ^ mr m^ s<3- "I® 1^ 4a MIN-OT FOOD PACKERS, Inc. BRIDGETON, NEW JERSEY Represented by BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY mm (3? ^ Si? Eatmor Cranberries Since 1907 This cooperative is the property of cran- berry growers just as the bogs are their prop- erty. It is owned by them and their neighbor members. It operates solely to serve them. Anything which can be done to keep it strong — good times and bad — actually means that cran- berry growers are helping themselves and their neighbors to greater success. A member has a real stake in his co-op — it's his business — and will rise or fall depenling on how he uses it. NEW ENGLAND CRANBERRY SALES CO. 9 Station Street MIDDLEBORO, MASSACHUSETTS 'The Fresh Cranberry Cooperative" >RESENTINC A $12,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY APE COD ^EW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON =-OTO STUDIO. WAREHAM, M/ DR. "FRED" CHANDLER - (See page 18) XA-v^^L -iOAJi 0^ rantc ■ "■ "■ "■ "" "" "° " "" "' '■ ■ " "~ ~'f I 52 Years is a long time to merit confidence - - - - it has to be earned ! Keeping faith with our members is a Growers Cranberry Company tradition, achieved only through quality service and a dependable policy. Constant expansion for over half a century attests to the fact that we have earned and maintained confidence in grower-relations. Growers Cranberry Company, Inc. PEMBERTON, NEW JERSEY WISCONSIN MOVES FORWARD COOPERATION PAYS The Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company Has Taken the Lead in All Matters Pertaining to the Wel- fare of the Wisconsin Cranberry Industry. Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin NOW- All-Year Uses - and Ail-Year Sales Cranberry -Grapefruit Salads for yow Cranberries through co-operative canning There was a time when your cranberries had to be sold within a few weeks in the fall. Now, cooperative canning brings you a longer season, more customers, better prices, AND - - a market for all your berries ; Not only the best, but all the rest. CRANBERRY CANNERS, Inc. The Growers' Cooperative Canning Company Hanson, Mass. Coquille, Oregon Markham, Wash. Onset, Mass. New Egypt, N. J. Bordentown, N. J. Plymouth, Mass. North Chicago, 111. Gurnee, 111. Dennis, Mass. No. Harwich, Mass. Long Beach, Wash. SER¥IM is secretary of the cooperativ project. Central Cranberry Company ha been in operation since 1925 and i: made up of Bernard, who is secre tary-treasurer as well as manager his father, Theodore Brazeau, whc is president, and his brother. Rich ard S. Brazeau, at present lieuten ant (jg) U. S. Navy, stationed ir Washington, vice president, anc Harry Merk, foreman on the prop- erty. The elder Mr. Brazeau ir 1925 bought into the old Arpir Cranberry Company which operated the property built by E. P. Arpin. one of the real Wisconsin pioneers, and from this old marsh the pres- ent holdings were bui't. About 193S the old buildings were torn down, and a program of im- provements in all new buildings be- gun. The Brazeans have increased the vine acreage by about 25 per- cent. The elder Mr. Brazeau is a prominent lawyer engaged large'y in corporate law and does, not actively concern himself with the management of the Central Cran- berry Company, that being the job of Bernard. He does take an in- terest in cranberry growing, even though it is not an active one, and Wisconsin growers are proud to be able to consider him a fellow grower. He was among the grow- ers who came East in 1941. Lt. Bi'azeau has title to a marsh aside from the company owning-;. This adjourns the company prop- erty. It is about 700 acres overp'l with 26% acres in vines, a'l Searles. This marsh is also undt-r the management of Bernard. Pride in Good Physical Aspect of Properfy The Central Cranberry Company berry property of Ellis D. Atwood at South Carver, Mass., both being "show places" in which the whole industry can take pride, because of their fine appearance. Both are cranberry properties in which a great deal of attention is paid to appearance of bui'dings and to grounds. Although this stress !« laid upon appearance, it is not iit the sacrifice of the main purpose of a cranberry marsh or bog, which of course is the growing of cran- berries. Brazeau, like Mr. Atwood, takes satisfaction and pride in hav- ing good management shown in physical appearance of his proper- ties. Largest building on the property is the Warehouse, 90x140 feet, built in 1938, one of the largest single story warehouses in the in- dustry. It is of hollow tile. There is a sorting room 28x79 and a bat- tery of 15 Bai'ey separators. About ten girls are employed in hand sorting. Among the features of the building are the lighting and ventilating systems. The ventilat- ing system consists of cold air in- takes several feet from the base of the buildings located in equal distance from each other. Taking warm air out of the bui'ding, are large power fans installed in the roof. Light is admitted through three large skylights on each side of the gable roof, and in the sort- ing room there is conventional lighting with large metal-cased windows, admitting floods of light. Prom the eei'ing are suspended electric lamps. At each end of the warehouse are large lifting roller doors, through which the largest of trucks can be admitted for unloading and loading. The restaurant, or lunchroom is an innovation of a couple of years ago, installed with the idea of pro- viding a place where workers could get good hot meals without leaving the marsh, or having to bring their own lunches, unless they chose to. In a building 24x54 a BERNARD BRAZEAU complete restaurant (which was bought out in Wisconsin Rapids) has been set up. A horseshoe bar seats 34 and there is complete kit- chen equipment, with steam tables, electric fryers, etc., for the service. A woman cook manager was hired and the restaurant is open at har- vest and other times when the num- ber of workers justifies. The man- ager-cook, Mrs. Charles Porter, is given free scope in the provision of the mea's and is famous for the pies she makes. Worker-patrons are charged for the meals, but Brazeau admits the restaurant is no revenue maker, was not intended as such, and in fact, receipts do not begin to cover the overhead and other costs of the restaurant operation. It's value is in the satisfaction of the employees. Newest of the buildings is that housing the service department. This structure of hollow tile, 50x 30 has lathe, drill presses, etc., in fact, is equipped to do any ordin- ary machine job. At least one mechanic is kept employed all the time. There is a well-supplied and well-ordered stock room. Building is light with large window area, and fluorescent lighting. There is an office with small drafting tab'es. "Barney" Interested in Hobbles "Barney" Bi'azeau attended the schools at Wisconsin Rapids, Port Deposit, Maryland, and later the University of Wisconsin, where he took up the study of law, intend- ing to become a lawyer as is his father, then deciding to devote his time to cranberry growing, instead. As a cranberry grower he has per- mitted himself time and leisure to go into additional activities and had at one time a reputation as one of the crack golfers of the Seven Upper, Office building. Center, Wareliouse. CRANBERRIES PHOTO Lower, worker's cottage. region. He has also gone deep'y into photogi-aphy as a hobby. Brazeau, as might be inferred from the wide diversity of his hobbies, has an active type of mind which likes to explore, and he has the ability to become very ab- sorbed in any of the various prob- lems he takes up — once he tackles a subject or a problem he carrier it through to a conclusion satis- factory to himself. He likes effi- ciency and business-like methods, as is proven by the modern method^ he uses in conducting affairs of Central Cranberry Company. He IS a good accountant, can and does figure operating costs of the com- pany cosely, and keeps accurate records of various phases of opera- tion. This capacity and liking for divergent interests makes him .n- terestsd in many of the problem- of general nature of the Wisconsin growers and of the cranboi-ry in- dustry. He was president of Wis- consin State Cranberry Growers' Association in 1944. He has served actively on various committees in Wisconsin, a most recent being that important one concerning Wis- consin's wartime labor situation. His election to the directorate of the American Cranberry Exchange has given him the opportunity to bring his energies, his aggressive- ness and his well-trained abilities to a wider scope in the cranberry field. William F.Makepeace William F. Makepeace, 84, con- sidered as probably the oldest cran- berry grower in Massachusetts, as well as one of the most influential within the industry, died February 15th at Miami Beach, Florida, where he w'as spending the winter. Mr. Makepeace was the eldest son of Abel D. Makepeace, pioneer grower and the brother of John C. Makepeace of Wareham. His death was sudden, Mr. Makepeace lapsing into a coma from which he did not regain consciousness. Mr. Makepeace was born Octo- ber 4, 1861, son of the late Abel D. and Josephine (Crocker) Make- peace at the Makepeace Fai'm at Hyannis and had been a resident of the town of Barnstable all his life. The funeral was held from the old homestead, Tuesday, Feb- ruary 19. Abel D. Makepeace, who was of the eighth generation of the Make- peace family in America, descend- ing from Thomas Makepeace, who came from England in 1635, was a harness maker in Middleboro be- fore going to the Cape. Beginning in the 1850's he pioneered in cran- berry growing and was generally recognized as the leading figure in the cranberry growing world by the end of the past century when he was often referred to as "the cran- berry king." William was familiar with cran- berries from his earliest childhood. Unassuming by nature, Mr. Make- peace was, none the less, an in- fluential figure in the cranberry in- dustry, owned bogs in his own right, mostly in Yarmouth and Dennis and was president and a director of the A. D. Makepeace Company. For many years he was a director of the New England Cranberry Sales Company, and the National Bank of Wareham, was formerly a director of the Cape Cod Trust Company of Harwich and of the Cape Cod Chamber of Commerce. He he'ped to organize the Cape Cod Hospital at Hyannis and held directorships in the Hyannis Trust Company and Hyannis Investment Company. For a number of years he was interested in the Makepeace grocery and general store at West Barnstable. He was honorary member of the Hyannis Rotary Club and member of the Cape Cod Lodge, I.O.O.F., Saturday Night Club of Hyannis, Barnstable High School Alumni Association, Hyannisport Club, the Beach Club of Craigville and the Miami Airport Association. He was married to Abbie L. Crocker, daughter of the late Josiah and Francis Howland Crock- er of West Barnstable, who died June 16, 1944. He is survived by two daughters, Mrs. Lillian M. At- wood of Springfield, Mass., and Mrs. Thomas Otis, who now occupies the home on the Make- peace Farm; seven grandchildren, and one great grandchild; two brothers, John C. Makepeace of Wareham, and Charles D. of Wil- liamstown, Mass., who is treasurer of Williams CoLege. William Makepeace was recog- nized as one of hte most able of cranberry growers with a thorough knowledge of the industry, its his- tory and development in which he and the Makepeace family played such a major role. Funeral services were held Feb- ruary 19 at the Makepeace Farm, the Rev. Carl F. Schultz of the Federated Church of Hyannis, officiating. Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK At Screenhouses, Boss and Pumps Means Satis faction ALFRED PAPPI WAREHAM, MASS. T«l. 628 Joseph S. Evans Joseph Stokes Evans, one of the oldest members of the New Jersey cranberry industry in point of years of activity died at his home, "Hillside," Marlton, February 2. While he was principally a breeder of cattle and operated the large farm at "Hillside", he was long in- terested in growing cranberries, operating the Joseph Evans Com- pany bogs with his brother, Ezra, these having been handed down to them by their father, Joseph Evans, one of the organizers of the Grow- ers' Cranberry Company, and a pioneer Jersey grower. He was also interested in the Evans & Wills, cranberry bogs and b:ueberry plantation company, which was in- corporated in 1928. Joseph S. Evans was born July 17, 1876 at "Hillside," a farm which has been in the possession of the Evans family since 1701, when it was conveyed by Indian deed to William Evans. He was president of the Evans & Wills company and held the same position in the Joseph Evans Cranberry Company. He was a member of the American Cran- berry Growers' Association. For many years he was a direc- tor of the Burlington County Farm- ers' Cooperative Association and a director and former mangaer of the Arrow Safety Device Company at Mt. Ho'.ly. He ws a fomer mem- ber of both the Evesham Township Committee and the Evesham Board of Education. He was also treas- urer of the Marlton Playground Association, Chairman of the Farm Committee of the Frankford Friends Asylum and president of the Burlington County Fire In- surance Company. He was an elder of Cropwell Friends Meeting. Mr. Evans spent his entire life with "Hillside" his home and had a keen love of nature and was especiaKy interested in birds, be- ing a member of the Deleware Valley Ornothological club and was active in its affairs to the time of his death. He leaves his widow, Mary Rob- erts Evans; three brothers, William and Henry of Moorestown, and Ezra of Medford, who is now the oldest member in point of years of membership of Growers' Cranberry Conpany; a sister, Mrs. Annie Evans Sharp'ess of Camden. Fun- eral was held from his late resi- dence, February 5, with interment in Cropwell Friends Burial Ground. Dr. J. H. Clark Goes from Jersey To "Cranguyma" Will Supervise Cranberry- Blueberry Production at Guy C. Myers' Property at Long Beach, Washing- ton Dr. J. Harold Clark of New Jer- sey took over his new work as supervisor of cranberry and blue- berry production on "Cranguyma Farms," Long Beach, Washington, on March 1. For many years Clark was in charge of small fruits investigations at the N. J. Experi- ment Station. He was known nationally for his achievements in strawberry breeding, having named five varieties which considerably lengthened the strawberry season at both ends. He was often seen in the fieMs with Dr. George Dar- row, U.S.D.A., examining new blue- berry or strawberry seedlings. For the past year he served as chairman of the Advisory Com- mittee for the Cranberry and Blue- berry Research Laboratory at Pem- berton. Clark will be missed by many New Jersey friends, both scientists and farmers. He will receive a warm welcome to the fraternity of cranberry and blue- berry growers. Don't "BORROW" CRANBERRIES SUBSCRIBE! We Have Listings of Cranberry Bogs, Large and Small FOR SALE Geo. A. Cole Agency WILDA HANEY Decas Block Wareham, Massachusetts John C. Makepeace Is Chief Speaker At Cape Meetings Intelligent, aggressive marketing of cranberries, now that the war buying is over, and a discussion of the proposal for one big over-all cooperative, taking in both fresh and processed sales made up the major theme of February meetings of Upper Cape Cod Club at Cotuit, Feb. 11, and of Lower Cape Cod at Harwich, Feb. 21. The star speaker at both was John C. Makepeace of Wareham, introduced as "one of the best known cranberry growers in the United States. He discussed the marketing of cranberries in general and then discussed in general out- line formation of such a council of combined cooperatives and the ob- jectives it would pursue. County Agent Tomlinson, who assisted in preparation of the program, said in most instances activities under Ex- tension Service were more con- cerned with the productive side of agriculture than with marketing, but both being important, desei'ved proper consideration at proper times. The cultural side was given its part in the program, however, by brief remarks by Dr. Franklin and his State Bog staff, including an introduction at Cotuit of Dr. Fred B. Chandler, new assistant professor in research. Approximate' y 65 were present for the Cotuit meeting, held in the afternoon, preceded by a dinner. Rather conspicuous was on obvious majority of those with interests within marketing, fresh and pro- cessed, rather than those who were strictly cranberry growers of the area, so much so, in fact, that Mr. Makepeace smilingly commented upon the turn-out of those repre- senting "cranberry selling, the press and visitors." Despite a severely cold night, 50-55 attended the Harwich gath- ering, and there was a livelier dis- cussion of future cranberry mar- keting following Mr. Makepeace's talk, than at Cotuit. The meeting was a" so notable for a considerable number of younger people attend- Ten ing than had been the custom dur- ing the war. In his talks, Mr. Makepeace em- phasized what every grower has been happily aware of — that the past three or four years have been years of "exceptional prices." He then said, "Let us ask ourselves why this has been so?" Answering his question, he said he himself would place the full- employment of a war economy at peak wages at the top of the list of causes for the huge demand which brought top cranberry prices. And these were factors with which growers didn't have much to do. "This is past. The future is where our problems lie. Growers should not feel they have no marketing problems because marketing prob- lems took care of themselves dur- ing the war," he said. "There should not be a confidence that future problems will take care of themse'ves. There is no danger so great, as the danger of self-com- placency. "The war brought a great 'sampl- ing' of cranberries, in processed form, dehydrated, canned and in fresh. Thirteen million in service sampled dehydrated cranberries," he said. "The Government in the war was a great supplier of 'sample' cranberries. We must now capitilize on this 'sampling' that went on during the war years. We hold top p ace in demand for Thanksgiving and other holiday sauce, but there is rivalry for our position. We owe it to ourselves and to the cranberry industry to try and hold this demand and top position. We have not been as suc- cessful in creating year-round de- mand for cranberries in fresh form, as we have in the pi'ocessed." Leaving the general field of mar- keting, he turned specifically to the proposed consolidation and told of the Cranberry Industrial Com- mittee meetings, of the discussions of the representatives of Cranberry Canners, Inc., and American Ex- change which have been hed in New York. "These meetings have been concerned," he said, "as to how the industry can best present the cranberry as a fruit in a com- petitive postwar market to the con- sumer, in the best possible man- ner. There will be differences of opinion as to what may be the ideal solution," he continued. "The pic- ture, as I see it, is rather a large one, taking in the successful mar- keting of the entire crop, from tlie Atlantic to the Pacific. The latest of these meetings, that of Feb. 1 and 2, was a harmonious one," he said, "well representative of the cooperative industry, and the fun- damentals for forming one big council to market both the pro- cessed and the fresh crop were agreed upon. "The progressive and agressive marketing of cranberries in what- ever form is most acceptab'.e to the American housewife must be the keynote of such an organization," he said. "There were 1,000,000 new housewives to use cranberries in some form last year — 8,000,000 in all, since the industry marketed the big crop of 1937. Every new development in marketing must be taken advantage of, and every bit of value inherent in any part of the cranberry must be utilized to the fullest." The recent meetings represented the first efforts to get fresh and processed marketing together in one cooperative growers market- ing. The physical assets of the processing division were greater in capital than those of the selling of cianberries fresh. The equitab'.e distribution of these canning assets of the one cooperative among the whole, was not, to his mind, a dif- ficult problem, he continued, and was one which could be spread out over a period of years. "This capi- tal is all within the industry," he said. "It will be asked, why is this change necessary? The answer is 'because of the need of it' ". He said the real problem is the mar- keting of the whole crop to the best advantage. "The change is also necessary to preserve our invested interests for ourselves, for the in- dustry and for our children. These interests must be protected." He said he had every confidence in the plan which was now being formulated, but it was the growers themselves who would make it suc- ceed, or fail. "To be sure, this is a free country," he added, "and you have the right to market your cranberries as you see fit. But I think this matter deserves your most serious consideration and every grower should explore this proposition from every angle, giv- ing full consideration to all its pos- sibilities." C. M. Chaney, who came up from New York office of American Cran- berry Exchange to attend the Co- tuit meeting, said that Mr. Make- peace was correct in that now is the time to consider future mar- keting. "In times of prosperity, we should prepare for depression." He said he did not look for any de- pression for the next immediate years, at least, but that growers must give thought to the fact the time might come again — just as it did in the twenties, after the last war, when the demand for cran- berries would not, be so pleasing. He told of the quantities of fresh cranberries consumed by those in service and of the large quantities shipped even as far as to the South Paciffc area. The demand for cran- berries had not been entirely spon- taneous, he said, but consistent ad- vertising over the past 32 years had had much to do with the popular- ity of the cranberry. "But, now, in time of prosperity, is certain'y the time to prepare for the future, and the best way to do this is col- lectively." In some remarks later in the meeting he said he was now rather certain that cranberries would not be exempt from ceilings another year. "Cranberries have become so prominent, they probably cannot, in judgment of OPA, be left un- controllea in price." A. D. Benson, of New Eng'.and Cranberry Sales, (Cotuit) said he thought Mr. Makepeace had pre- sented the situation cleai'ly. Ferris C. Waite of Canners said he hoped every grower would give the matter of one selling organization their thorough study. He repeated (as in January Plymouth County meet- ings) his report of good insecticide and fungicide supply in nearly all items this year, and dwelt at a litt'e length upon use of DDT, say- ing, in one form of greater toxicity it would certainly find a use in up- lands, around bogs, for gypsy moth control and might find a use in a form of less lasting toxicity upon the bog itself. Studies were being continued. For the "cultural side" of the meeting, Dr. Franklin told of one short range project, which was his completion of a bulletin upon "Re- lationship of Weather to Cranberry Production," which had been plan- ned as a part of his recent valued bulletin "Cranberry Weather," but which had been de'ayed because of war stringencies. In this would be incorporated a further report of studies by Dr. Neil E. Stevens up- on the alkalinity and acidity of flooding waters. He said his work would be completed in about a month, but did not know when pub- lication could be accomp'ished. At Cotuit, he introduced Dr. Fred B. Chandler as his assistant with plans to particularly help with cranberry soil and fertilizer prob- lems, saying with humorous blunt- ness, "I think he has some brains and can help you." Dr. Chandler said it was very pleasing that growers have such an interest in research and realize its benefits to themselves. He referred to projects in fertilizers which he hoped to work out in cooperation with Dr. Co"by of Mass. State Col- lege. He said the research work was being done for "all growers — for the small grower as well as the large, and he hoped he would be told of the problems of all grov.'ers. Joe Kelley's Talk "Now is the time to get your sprayers and dusters in working order for the summers work. At the present time it looks as if Pyrethrum would be plentiful for the 1946 season and I feel sure that most growers have more or less neglected 'eafhoppers for the last 3 or 4 years. For that reason I hope that all growers will really get after leafhoppers this year. In spraying or dusting, the cost of the insecticide is the main item that most growers think of. They for- get that the damage to the bog or the berries sometimes is more cost- ly than the material used. For that reason it pays well in the long run to use the recommended strength of insecticides and number of gal- lons per acre to get a good kill with one application. There has been some experi- mental work done with DDT last year with very good results on gypsy moths. It seems to get a very good kill on all sized worms with a 3% DDT dust, at the rate of 50 lbs. per acre or with a spray as recommended by manufacturers. Slime on Bogs "On some bogs that have heavy slime most every year, I believe an application of 5 lbs of copper sul- fate crestals per acre, broadcast on the ice about Feb. 10 to the 15th, and another application a month later, will give the best results. This is to check the growth of the algae before it gets a good start. I find the va'ue of copper sulfate is lost in about one month. "Report on equipment prospects from E. C. St. Jacques, Hayden Mfg. Company, Wareham, (Cotuit) was that there was no Government limitation upon production of cran- berry equipment, but reflections of steel and other strikes were a hin- dering factor and lumber was also in the same "tough" category as steel." Mr. Tomlinson referred to his weekly 15-minute radio talks Tues- days at 12:45 over the Cape Cod station, and since these concerned agriculture, inc'uding cranberry matters, growers might aid them- seves in keeping posted by tuning in. He spoke of the need of in- creased interest in girdler control in Barnstable County and in root grub, but to a lesser degree than in Plymouth. "Broker" Lynch of Los Angeles, handling Ocean Spray sauce, said the demand was definitely for more and more cranberry sauce on the West Coast. M. S. Anderson, Chicago sales manager for CCI, rather disagreed with the theory that selling of cranberries would be difficult, saying the situation appeared to him as more of a prob- lem of producing enough to meet sauce demands. He said the trend is definitely toward "cans." He re- ferred to an increasingly strong policy, of chain stores in particular. (Continued on Page 14) Eleven MARCH, the beginning of Spring, is here. March, the month when the snows are melting, ice goes off the Eastern bogs (flowers bloom around Pacific marshes), the wind blows, town meetings are held ; and cranberry growers really begin to realize another cranberry year is opening up before them. We may not agree with, nor wholly like the aspect of many things this March of 1946. We are troubled by wages and rising costs; price ceilings may again be imposed upon cranberries this fall. This aftermath period of the war still bedevils us in multi- tudinous ways. V/e have trepidations concerning the atomic age opening before us. But we may still grow cranberries in a free state, and we may still voice our opinions and cast our votes as we see fit. March, the doorway to Spring, is always a month of hope. This is the 45th in a series of messages, sponsored by the following public-spirited firms and individuals. Slocum-Cibbs Cranberry Co. RUEL S. GIBBS, Gen. Mgr. Jesse A. Holmes & Son Sawmills at Carver, Mass. Tel. Carver 10-3 CRANBERRIES MAGAZINE Decas Cranberry Company Growers and Shippers of CAPE COD CRANBERRIES Wareham, Mass. THIS SPACE OPEN TO YOU Acushnet Saw Mills Co. New Bedford, Mass. GOOD WOOD BOXES Est 1865 L. B. R. BARKER Buzzards Bay Mass. H. R. BAILEY CO. South Carver, Mass. ELLIS D. ATWOOD South Carver, Mass. Twelvfl gd^als ISSUE OF MARCH, 1946 Vol. 10 No. 11 xJ^^^*^'^'^ '"'W^^ TIMES ARE LIVELY IT is going to be the mentally alert grow- er who will be in the first ranks, or even keep up with the parade in this post- war era of cranberry growing. Changes in many, many aspects are obvious in the very atmosphere. Service men are back from the war — they bring with them a wider outlook: they have seen things accomplished on large scale and in quick time. They alone would be one influence of change. Their presence at cranberry meetings already gives these gatherings a fresh and stim- ulated outlook. Many new theories concerning the growing of cranberries are being put for- ward as food for thought. There will be some changes in practices, undoubtedly. The cranberry grower, to be really on his toes, must now acquire a liberal amount of at least elementary scientific knowledge. The up and coming grower must have understanding of mechanics; more and more machinery will be used. He must hustle like the dickens to keep track of all the new agricultural chemicals and mater- ials being developed, some of which he will use if he wants to be among those who are obtaining the best results. In the marketing end, the two major co-operatives apparently moved a step forward the past month toward one "big" consolidation — or if not that, at least to- ward a final solution of their problems, which will not leave set-ups as they are now. Marketing in 1945 approximately 62 percent of the crop, whatever is done cooperatively will effect the entire indus- try. The air of cranberry growing is as live- ly with "change" as a bright, blowy March morning. The next five years in cranber- ries will be interesting ones. ROOT GRUB CAMPAIGN IS FOR GROWERS' BENEFIT lOOT Grub in Massachusetts, or chiefly Plvraouth County, producing the bulk of the Massachusetts crop, and the r>rob- lem of sufi^cient dissolved oxygen in winter flood waters in Wisconsin, New Jersey and Massachusetts, are two subjects deserving earnest consideration by the growers in CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS Subscription $2.60 per year Advertising rates upon application Editor and Publisher CLARENCE J. HALL LEMUEL C. HALL Associate Editor CORRESPONDENTS-ADVISORS Wisconsin VERNON GOLDSWORTHY , Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin Washington-Oregon J. D. CROWLEY Cranberry Specialist Lon^ Beach, Wash. ETHEL M. KRANICK Bandon, Oregon Massachusetts DR. HENRY J. FRANKLIN Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station East Warehdm, Mass. BERTRAM TOMLINSON Barnstable County Agricultural Agent Barnstable, Mass. New Jersey CHARLES A. DOEHLERT, Acting Chief, New Jersey Cranberry and Bluebei-ry Station, Pemberton, New Jersey these areas. Dr. Bergman has made long and intensive study of oxygen content in cranberry flood water in the several dis- tricts. Agricultural County Agent J. Rich- ard Beattie, who is specializing in Ply- mouth County cranberry problems, and County Agent Tomlinson of Cape Cod, are all offering assistance in the campaign for Root Grub control, and of course Dr. Franklin and staff at East Wareham are cooperating. With this stimulating inter- est the w.sest growers will take advantage of the opportunity to gain possible in- creased production on their acreage. Thirteen Cape Meetings (Continued from Page 11) in view of mounting costs of clerk hire, to want pre-packaged goods on their shelves to which the house- wife can help herse'f unaided. In this connection, Mr. Chaney added the fact that the popularity of cellophane-wrapped fresh cran- berries are also increasing in the chains and other markets. In the discussion at Harwich, County Agent Tomlinson developed a line of thought that many Cape growers felt the marketing situa- tion is at its best, when there are many individual buyers of their fruit, and they are called upon with offers to buy, feeling there are ad- vantages in this competition. With reference to this point, Mr. Make- peace recalled the days just prior to the formation of the fresh fruit cooperatives, and said it was just this condition which brought about the need for a cooperative, as some buyers had gotten together and "fixed", in advance, the price they would offer to the growers. Growers actual'y had then had no bargain- ing powers at all. The future of the industry, he said, depended up- on the growers themselves in keep- ing control of the marketing of their crops and also in making a proper allocation between those to be sold fresh and those processed. Keith Woi-k, new assistant to President M. L. Urann of CCI, at- tended his first cranberry meeting with the delegation from Canners, which also included Richard Heath, CCI's assistant to Sales Manager H. Gordon Mann. Pans were set for the next meet- ings of the Cape Clubs as April 8 and 10, both evening meetings at Cotuit and Lower Cape, probably Dennis, but these will presumably be postponed until later in the month. This is because of the de- cision to hold a joint meeting of the four Massachusetts clubs and Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' As- sociation, April 11. There are no March meetings scheduled for the Cape. Plymouth Meetings - Dr. Chandler, CI Employment Programs which developed great interest were those arranged for second series of winter meeting of Plymouth County clubs, Southt- eastern group at Rochester Grange hall, afternoon of Feb. 26, and at Redmen's hall, P ymouth, after- noon, Feb. 28. Highlights were the introduction of Dr. F. B. Chandler, new assistant to Dr. Franklin, who gave his first real talk; discussion by C. M. Chaney at Rochester, and by E. C. McGrew at Plymouth. Panel discussion, subject "Short Cuts in Production Methods;" and what may prove to have had the most immediate appearance to the growers, a state- ment by Jack Sturtevant, agri- cultural teacher at Middleboro High school, who is expected to be- come area administrator of G. I. agricu'tural "Bill of Rights" train- ing program. This program, arranged by County Agent J. Richard Beattie was one which clicked exceptionally well. Fourteen For the Rochester meeting more than 90 were lured out with snow falling over icy, snowy roads, 85 being served the supper by ladies of the North Rochester Grange, where but 65 reservations had been made. This meeting proved to have had the largest attendance of any of the Plymouth club meetings to date. G. I. Bil] and Cranberries Mr. Sturtevant, as opening speaker, gave a straight-forward and concise picture of how the cranberry grower might receive services of G. I's., wishing to enter the cranberry business — these men expected to be of the type who have ambition for serious work — and how the grower might also benefit the G. I. employment situation at the same time. In com- menting on this program, Mr. Sturtevant, who said he expected to act as administrator, declared the program would succeed if the fact was kept in mind this is a project which should be "Education and Not Exploitation." It would be his intention to keep it such. A few growers had held a pre- liminary meeting with Mr. Sturte- vant and he said the tentative plan was something a'ong the program now already in effect in Wisconsin. He outlined the fact that a G. I. can take advantage of the plan for his advancement either by taking an "In School" program or an "In Service" program, and the govern- ment pays S65 a month to a single G. I., and S90 to one who is marr ried. In cranberry growing the grower would start the learning G. I. at learner's pay and this must be advanced as he became more skilled, whi e the government rate of subsistance was reduced accord- ingly in an "equalization" arrange- ment. A four-year training pro- gram is intended to make the G. I. competent of being a first-class cranberry bog foreman, a grower- operator in his own right, or to obtain the knowledge for a good position in an industry closely allied with cranberries, such, for in- stance, as cranberry processing. There would be intended a series of lecture programs by technical cranberry expects such as workers at State Bog, or Extension Serv- ice, practica' talks by successful growers, and bog demonstrations. Mr. Sturtevant said an advisory council of growers could be set up to assist in this program. Fre- quent checks would be made by the administrator upon both the work- ing G. I., and the employer, and reports required from both. The G. I. must receive adequate and proper training, from the training grower, and his services, in turn can be terminated if it is found he is not applying himself to the work as intended. Veterans or growers interested in this can apply under Public Law 46 or Pub- lic Law 16, either to Veteran's Ad- ministration directly, or to Mr. Sturtevant. (More details of this G. I. program, still tentative, will be given later.) Dr. Chandler gave the growers a rather different kind of talk, sub- ject, "The Fundamentals of Plant Growth," which might be described as a "refresher" course in funde- mental facts about the cranberry as a plant. His listeners attentive- ly "warmed up" to the lecture as he went along, explaining what the cranberry p'ant is, in its physiological sense and how and why it functions as it does. He told the growers the cranberry plant is really an "evergreen," and also a woody plant and he started with his study of the plant, from the time of the rooting of the cut- ting. He explained nature is al- ways in a state of balance, unless thrown out by externa" influences, and this angle developed into a discussion of the fact that theoreti- cally it would be a "sound" prac- tice to throw the cranberry out of balance, by giving it a rest for a periodic year, in the anticipation of getting a much bigger crop the following year. He said he was presenting this thought at present from theory only, and the practi- cality of it might be an entirely difl'erent story. "PhysiologicaFy, flooding does not seem to me to be a good, sound practice, but you have other phases of cranberry growing which make this practice advisable," he said. He went on that any plant must breath, or take in oxygen just as does all animal life and that sub- merging the plant in water for ex- tended periods is therefore not theoritically sound, even though probably advisab'e to balance other conditions. He brought out the thought it was perfectly pos- sible in theory, to grow cranberries on high land and bring the neces- sary amount of water to the plants, through sprinkler or otherwise, and that some day he intended to ex- periment in doing this. It was brought out by C. M. Chaney that Dr. Roberts of Wisconsin has al- ready begun experiment along this line. His talk was definitely stimulat- ing. Panel Discussion Appearing in the panel discussion at Rochester were Joseph Kelley, Gilbert Beaton, Frank Crandon and Carleton D. Hammond, Sr. Mr. Hammond told of his suc- cessful experience in using "PDB" in control of root grub with a high rate of kill obtained, and great growth of new runners by using ferti'izer at the same time on parts of his bogs that were badly run out. "Gibby" Beaton spoke on the efficient operation of a screenhouse, rescribing in particular the mam- mouth Beaton warehouse built two or three years ago. In his talk he particularly emphasized the efficiency and saving in cost of suit- able conveyor systems. He stressed the fact warehouses should be located near a railroad, should be central to bogs, should have a we"l arranged screening room, and cer- tainly a "cellophane room," and attention should be paid to toilet facilities for the screeners. Crandon spoke on bog manage- ment, giving some of his own ex- periences, saying when starting to grow cranberries, he went to those who knew something about cran- bei'ries, these including Dr. Frank- lin, Joe Kelley, RusseP Makepeace and Mr. Everson, and from them he was given definite advice. This advice he followed. One thing was to draw water heavily in the spring, and not to keep his bog too wet at any time; another was to take care of gypsies, which he did by mowing around his bog, a third was to take care of the first brood Call XTter X\« A-ie i^ age PLYMOUTH Tel. 740 Peter A. LeSage Distributor- of Cape Cod Cranberries YARMOUTH Tel. Barnstable 107 Fifteen of blackheads and a fourth was to keep weeds away by keeping his shores clean and by removing every weed as fast as it appeared. He also told of his experience in preparing a bog recently, one of four acres, a site of heavy wood and deep mud, up to the condition of sanding, at a cost of §2,600, having used a clamshe'l shovel for the process. He said experience had proven to him the value of co- operation. Joe Kelley laid stress upon the value of "timing" in spraying and dusting and in fact in all phases of cranberry growing, urging growers to "try to be ahead of the game in planning" as one excellent "short cut to production." He also touched on leaving a bog out of production one year in four to ob- tain a 35 barre an acre average over a 12 year period. Mr. Chaney presented a prepared address upon "The Future of the Cranberry Industry;" highlights of which included the fact the in- dustry has grown to a business grossing $13,000,000 - 514,000,000, and that consumer demand must be kept ahead of production, and this demand must be stimulated by publicity or advertising. He re- ferred to the fact the Exchange had spent 3y2 million in adverti.?- ing since 1918 and the processing cooperative had also spent a large amount. He referred to the prob- baility of continuance of price ceilings upon cranberries again next fall, and said the Exchange had already taken steps in regard to this; the subject deveoping dis- cussion with a suggestion from M. C. Beaton that a visit to Washing- ton of a representative delegation of cranberry growers might bring results. Mr. Chaney's talk was ex- tremely interesting, with the post- war era of marketing here, and it is planned to report excerpts of prin- cipal features in next months issue. More than 80 were counted at the Plymouth meeting, ably con- ducted by President George E. Short. Mr. Short, who has served several years as president, had stepped aside for a new man to head up the group, Orin G. Col'ey of Kingston, who was nominated and elected. Vice president is Robert Whiting of Kingston, ana secretary-treasurer, Stanley Ben- son of Mid.dleboro. Following the talks by Mr. Stur- ' tevant and Dr. Chandler, E. C. McGrew of the Exchange spoke, as scheduled, instead of Mr. Chaney, upon the subject, "The Future of the Cranberry Industry As I See It". He brought out the fact that he considered there was a trend away from processing toward more fresh and frozen fruit. The interesting panel discussion consisted of remarks by George Crowell, which concerned sanding on ice, he telling how sand brought to the shore was loaded by power shovel into small Ford dump trucks anc spread (1% to 2 inches) at a cost of $29 an acre. Francis Merritt of the Ellis D. Atwood bogs told how they found efficient gathering of floaters profitable. A bog was flooded immediately after picking; the next morning the floats washed ashore were gath- ered and then the others salvaged by float boat. These berries were ihen gotten to Cranberry Cann;rs for processing without any t elay. ■ Messrs. Beaton and, Kelley re- peated their dis2ussions given at Kochestar. Do It With DYNAMITE! The modern way to . . — build ditches — remove stumps ■ — excavate rocks — dig" cores for dykes — loosen sub soil is with dynamite! Let me tell you results other growers have obtained, and the savings realized. Will be glad to consult with you on any work you are planning, and quote prices. Expert service- Trained by Hercules Powder Co. ALTON J. SMITH HIGH STREET - - HANSON, M ASS'A CHUSETTS Telephone— Bryantville 209R3 Sixteen Foresight is STILL necessary Materials for cranberry machinery are still difficult to obtain, because of strikes and reconversion problems in suppliers' plants. We are urging growers to place orders early for Pumps, Dusters, and Sep- arators. Season's Supply of Scoops Now Completed HAYDEN SEPARATOR MANUFACTURING CO. E. C. St. Jacques WAREHAM, MASS. Cranberry Trainees Under G. I. Bill In Wisconsin Several Wisconsin ex-servicemen are taking advantage of a course in training in cranberry growing under the G. I. Bill of Rights, un- der a program worked out by Ver- non GoMsworthy. This will pay up to $90 a month while they are undergoing the training program, which is one of four years. The term of the program con- sists of 8,320 work hours based on a 40-hour week over the period; the first 520 constituting the pro- bationary period, but in no case ex- tending beyond four months. The program states that: "The learner shall be given such instruction and experience in com- mercial cranberry growing as will enable him to qualify as a com- petent cranberry grower at the completion of the training." This instruction and experience is divid- ed into 18 classifications which are: 1) surveying and marsh location; 2) laying out proposed marsh; 3) clearing and sca'ping of land; 4) ditching and bulkheads (flumes); 5) planting; 6) fertilizers; 7) flood- ing; 8) cultural practices, relating to vine growth and fruit growth; 9) weed control; 10) insects; 11) plant disease controls; 12) harvest- ing; 13) packing; 14) winter hand- ling of marsh; 15) sanding; 16) study of pumps; 17) cranberry equipment; and 18), study of soils. The compensation paid is divided into 8 periods, ranging from 40 per cent of the prevailing cranberry foreman's rate in the first to 85 per cent in the last. At the conclusion of this training upon the request of the employer, the training program may be re- viewed with agencies involved to ascertain whether or not additional ti-aining and type of training may, or may not be given, and for tech- nical training, courses related may be taken either in a vocational school or correspondence or both, covering bookkeeping, accounting, typewriting, mechanics, weather, and cranberry literature. Approxi- mately 1,080 hours are to be de- voted to this. Fresh from the Fields (Continued from Page 5) There has been very little rain or snow during January and February. This condition has just about offset the accumulated excess moisture of November and December. Most of the snow and ice came in December with very little since Christmas, so that as a whole the winter has been favorable to cranberries and blueberries. A little more precipi- tation would be desirable. The mean average temperature for December was 5.2 degrees below normal. During November, Janu- ary and February temperatures were slightly above normal. WASHINGTON llState Engineering Interest — W. H. Johnson of the Washington State Agricultural Engineering De- partment at Pullman visited the Long Beach cranberry area, where he was shown over the marshes by D. J. Crowley, and inspected mech- anical pickers. His visit was made to see if the State Engineering De- partment could be of any service to the growers. ■ After the look- around at the Peninsula area, Mr. Crowley took Mr. Johnson to in- spect the Grayland District. HBog Improvement — About 50 acres of new bog are being put in at Grayland, and while there is relatively little new building at Long Beach, there is a considerable amount of work being done in re- claiming old bogs and installing sprinkler systems. ^Installing Sprinklers — Robert Ostgard and Al Sundberg, who have taken over the Bloomer prop- erty are busy installing a sprinkler system on part of the area. "Bob" Ostgard is secretary of the recent- ly-formed Long Beach Cranberry Club. TIDaffodiis — At end of February weather was quite mild, and an occasional daffodil was blooming around the bogs. Seventeen Dr. ''Fred'' Chandler Now On The Job In Massachusetts Has Tentatively Outlined Two Projects on Soil and Fertilizer Studies DR. CHANDLER COVER PHOTO "Introduc- ing" Dr. Fred- erick B. Chand- ler, more com- monly known among his friends ano as- sociates as "Fred" or "Doc" than as Fred- erick. If you notice a look of rather quizzical amusement in the expression of Dr. Chandler, put it down to the fact he was a bit nonplussed when the photographer, Adam Stein, placed a slide rule in his hand for the pose. Arriving so recently in Massachusetts from New Jersey he was surprised that the knowlerge of his fondness for use of the slid.e rule (he has three, including a pocket rule, ready for any quick calculation) was so well known. This "shot", with the twinkle in the eye of Dr. Chandler, should not obscure the fact that the new Pro- fessor in Research and assistant to Dr. Fi'anklin at the Massachusetts Experiment Station at East Ware- ham is a serious research worker, as a brief resume of his previous work and training will show. Dr. Chandler, a native of Mach- ias. Me., was P'raduated from Uni- versity rv"f Maine as a horticultur- ist in 192P. He then served on the U. of M. staff, where he stud- ied fertilizers, pruning, propaga- tion, pollination, soil moisture and weed control of blueberries, the rnsseting of Gold.en Delicious ap- ples, stem end browning of pota- toes and boron deficiency of vege- tables.. He has done graduate work at Massachusetts State Col- lofje. University of Chicago, Uni- versity nf Minnesota, and the Uni- versity of Maryland, where in 19.39 he received his Ph. D. For one year he was on the research staff at Massachusetts Institute of Tech- nology, then he entered the em- ploy of the Unite'' States Depart- ment of Aqrriculture and was sta- tioned, in New Jersey. There he was assigned to "head up" the ma- ior project of the cranberry cross- breeding program which was con- ducted in New Jersey, Massachu- setts and Wisconsin. Dr. Chandler is married and has two small daughters and is making his home currently at Riverside, Onset. "Pilot" Experiments studies in fertilizers as applied to cranberry growing and of cran- berry soils, recognized as probably most urgent in cranberry research projects for the immediate future, (in the past these have not been extensively explored in Massachu- setts) have been tentatively out- lined by Dr. "Fred" Chandler. He has consulted with Dr. Franklin and made a visit to Mass. State Col- lege at Amherst, discussed these projects with Dr. Sievers, Dr. Col- by and others, interested. This immediate work of Dr. Chandler is divided into two pro- jects, the one concerning fertilizers and the other soil studies, and they might be characterized as "Pilot Experiments." Five series of fertilizer plots are to be set up, one at the East Ware- ham station and four on the bogs of cooperating growers, located in different sections of the area. There will be at least 24 test plots in each location, or a total of ap- proximately 120, these to includ.e all types of bottoms, inasfar as possible. Studies will include 12 different "complete" fertilizers, that is with nitrogen, phosphate and potash in each location. To start, spring application of ferti- lizer only will be studied. These experiments will extend over two, three, or four years, as the scope of the work unfolds. As the work progresses a more elaborate pro- gram will be gone into, including fall and summer applications. The second project concerns the study of cranberry soils, this being a study of physical aspects, the chemical to be gone into later. This study will include moisture movement through the various types of soil, including peat of several types, sand, and hard bottom, and the "air movement" in these same varying types of soil. Experiments will be conducted by Dr. Chandler with the cooperation of Dr. Colby, who has previously made cranberry fertilizer studies in Massachusetts. Studies in cranberry agronomy have for a number of years now been considered by Dr. Franklin and Massachusetts growers as very much needed. This need was a major reason for the addition of a new research worker, and the appointment of Dr. Chandler as assistant to Dr. Franklin and re- search professor at the East Ware- ham Station considered the quali- fications necessary for these studies. Committee of Eight (Continued from Paee 4) for a National Cranberry Co-opera- tive and suggested a few minor changes, all of relative unimport- ance with the exception of the fact, it was felt that the minimum re- quirements (as to production) for a Local, had been omitted in the plan and a minimum should be stated. Other than this, the plan was accepted in general and will be recommended to the membership for consideration and adoption. It was also recommended that a meeting of the Industry Committee and the State Planning Committees be held, for further consideration of the suggested modifications, which will come before the three present State Companies. CCI DIVIDEND Cranberry Canners' "Cooper- ative News", February issue, an- nounced that a third advance of $5.00 a hundredweight was going to members, bringing total pay- ments to date to $20.00 a hundred pounds or approximately a barrel, figured on former CCI processing measurement. There is still a fin- al return to make, Canners con- tinues, as there are still several thousand barrels of berries to be made into juice and orange-mar- malade is to be packed, with earn- ings from these two products going into the pool. The final price to be achieved is hailed, as marking CCI's most successful year. Eighteen We are "All Set" to serve Massachusetts Growers * WITH ANY JOB OF BOG RENOVATION. * NEW BOG CONSTRUCTION * BOG MAINTENANCE We have Power Shovels (3) ; Tractor Bulldozers (3) ; Cranes, Scrapers, 90- Yard Screener; Power Winches, Draggers; Road Grader — 30 competent Oper- ators and employes— AND THE NECESSARY EXPERIENCE AND KNOW- HOW. E. T. Cault Transportation Co. Franconia Service Station Freight Transportation (including cranberries in season). Heavy equipment hauling. Tel. 227 Franconia Coal Co. Water-White Kerosene for Weed Control this spring. Tel. 39-R Tires, Tubes, Batteries, Auto and Truck Re- pairing and Greasing. Jenney Gasoline and Motor Oils. Distributors for MACK and INTERNATIONAL TRUCKS Tel. 39-R CAULT CONSTRUCTION COMPANY 'EDDIE" T. GAULT, JR. Main St., Wareham, Mass. Tel. 227 Believes Blueberry Market Will Not Be Soon Supplied Processing Making Large Potential Market — Cooperative Is Maintaining Balanced Division Between Fresh and Processed (Editor's Note:-The following are remarks from a most interest- ing talk upon blueberries before re- cent annual meeting of South- eastern Massachusetts Blueberry Growers' association at Daniel Webster Inn, Sandwich, Mass., by Charles A. Doehlert, Acting Chief, Cranberry and Blueberry Research, Pemberton, New Jersey.) by Charles Doehlert The first question that comes to the minds of many is what is the future of the blueberry business? In New Jersey now, we have about 1,700 acres of b'ueberries and about 200 growers. Is this a boom? Has the best phase of the industry passed or are the prospects still good? These are important ques- tions. Ten years ago, some people thought North Carolina was going to take over the best of the busi- ness. But North Carolina is on the southern fringe of the blueberry belt and the climate there seems to favor some diseases and pests more than it favors the planting. Michigan has expanded rapidly, but apparently not so rapidly as the mai-kets have. In the New Jersey Marketing Association, Stanley Co- viHe has been building up an outlet for frozen and canned berries. He has worked with the canners and freezers and they are both putting up a very good product and using high grade fruit. He has been careful not merely to hand over the surplus of berries in the peak of a big season but has made a balanced division between the fresh and processed fruit. These processors will probably take more and more berries all the time, and I think that means a large potential mar- ket. It appears that the market will not be fully supplied for a number of years to come. We do not have an Association such as this. Our annual Blueberry Open House at the Experiment Sta- tion and the various cooperative meetings seem to have met the need for gatherings such as this one tonight for the purpose of ex- changing information. The Blue- berry Cooperative handles the mar- keting of the major portion of the crop. There is a small independent group which markets cooperatively and a number of growers who mar- ket individually. The Cooperative is the mainstay of the business. Hardly ever has there been a glut in the market due to the simple procedure of a fair distribution of the crop to the different consum- ing centers rather than over- loading one and cutting others short. Varieties: Rancocas, Rubel and Cabot produce the bulk of the crop. These are early, well-known var- ieties. They represent the great- Nineteen est part of the acreage of old, heavily producing plants. Rancocas is especially desirable, as it seems to be resistant to stunt. It is a variety, however, that requires con- siderable pruning since it easily overbears. Very few Rancocas have been found with stunt. Jer- sey has made a phenomenal surge ahead in the last two or three years. It is getting very popular. The Jersey was not liked at first because it bore large berries on the first picking and smaller berries after that. However, after a num- ber of years, growers became better acquainted with the bush and learn- ed to prune it enough to get well- sized berries and, at the same time, to leave enough fruit buds on so that it does not make too rank a wood growth. With Jersey, it is easy to get too rank a wood growth and the only way to balance this is to allow it to bear more fruit. Another new variety coming into -daj oq^t SuiAiaos.i si puB 'nsAV sj-Bsq popularity is the Atlantic, prob- ably because it makes a good bush, utation of a good freezing berry and a good dehydrator. Prof. J. H. Clark of the University ran freez- ing tests on several kinds of fruit the past two seasons. Among the blueberries, the Atlantic stood alone at the top of the list in one group. Weymouth, June and Ware- ham stood alone for freezing- quality in the bottom group. Others came in between in the second and third groups. You rea'ize, I know, that no one variety rates best or even very high for every important quality. In 1933 the Japanese Beetle threatened to be a serious menace to New Jersey blueberry growers. The adult beetles were attacking the ripening berries in large num- bers. We could not spray with a stomach poison because the fruit was ripe and had to be picked. It was necessary to go through the fields early in the morning and knock the chilled, sluggish beetles off into tubs or large baskets. For- tunately, Jap beetle does not thrive and multiply in our sandy-peat soil of the blueberry district and in a very few years the pest prac- tically disappeared. However, the United States quarantine on Jap bettle requires that plants to be shipped outside the quarantine area have to have all the soil shaken off the roots. This is ex- pensive and does not do the plants any good. Now Dr. Walter Flem- ing of the U. S. Japanese Beetle Laboratory at Moorestown is de- veloping a soil treatment with DDT which assures control of beetle grubs in the soil and shipping preparations will become simplified. This treatment has not endangered the vigor of the young plants. In addition to climate, two funda- mental requirements of plant cul- ture are proper conditions of soil and water. Soil is the very foun- dation of our business and fertili- zer specialists have said that gen- erally no improvement in cultural operations will increase the quality or quantity of a crop the way the proper sopplying of water wi'l. Our experience in blueberry growing bears that out. Soil. Blueberries grow on a wide variation of soil combinations, sandy, loam, forest soils, layers cf rotting leaves and roots, deep peat, mixtures of sand and peat, etc. The iinportant factor is a medium that wlil provide water and air, one that is not dense or compact. A low pH is desirab'e. New Jersey fields with a pH of 5 or higher have not been very good. A good native peat soil will produce a lot of blueberries for a long time, even without fer- tilizer. I have seen a small spot of this sort produce 50 bushels per acre for several years without fer- tilizer. With fertilizer, it cou d have produced twice as much, but we must admit that 50 bushels is a fair crop. Peat will hold water from rain to rain with very few exceptions. At the same time, it will let the air in and enable the roots to be active. If the peat is very finely decomposed, it is not so good. A "raw", coarse peat pro- duces the best results. If peat has to be added to a poor spot in the fie'd, we find it most efficient to plow a deep furrow on either side of the plant row and fill it about two-thirds full of good, loose peat. Then cover this with sandy soil plowed out. Such a treatment should be effective for a lifetime, if proper:y done. Water. Water is needed as for other vigoi-ously growing crops. The weakness of most unfavorable soils planted to blueberries has been water conditions, either too much water or too little. An ex- cess of water has ruined parts of a good many fields, and all of some fields. I have never seen a hardpan cause any serious trouble in regard to the water situation, except where it was within about 5 inches of the soil surface. In that case the soil was sandy and it dried out badly during droughts. The water that is needed by the plant stays in the peat, and that which is not needed will seep out if adequate drainage is provided. We like to have our blueberry fields level in order to avoid sur- face washing of the peat. This washing can be a serious loss of fertility to a fie'd. Drainage should be down through the soil into tiles or open ditches. If a field is level and there is a reservoir nearby, flooding to a depth of a couple of inches has been an effective frost protection. However, there are tsvo cautions. The water should be drained off promptly the next day. Then, what is more important, the Blueberry grower aims to keep his water table ordinarily about 18 inches be ow the surface of the soil. In New Jersey, we have not developed good fields where the v.rater stands near the soil surface fcr more than a day or two after summer rain storms or more than a few days after winter rains. The best frost protection we have had for blueberries has been sprinkler irrigation. Mr. Doehlert's talk was followed by a question hour in which many questions were answered by him. After visiting some fields the fol- lowing day, he was impressed with what appears to be a general need for more vigorous pruning. Many bushes had produced some strong canes and late-budded fruiting shoots, indicating that growing- conditions had not been too favor- able but that the important early- season growth had been suppressed. ROBERT LENARI Real Estator Reed Avenue - - Manomet, Maas. Tel. Manomet 44-R Specializing in the Purchase and Sale of Cranberry Propertiea Twenty Oxygen Deficiency In the Winter Flood of Cranberry Bogs by HERBERT F. BERGMAN U. S. Dent, of Agriculture 'Editor's Note: The following begins a paper by Dr. Bergman, given before a meeting of New Jersey Cranberry Grow- ers, and interest in the oxygen of w nter Hood waters is so universal and vital this past winter his study shou'd interest all.) Factors Affecting the Dissolve:" Oxygen Content of Water Ihs factors which detennine the dissolved oxygen content of water on a flooded bog may be placed in two groups, according to their na- ture and the effect of their action. Those of one group are physical, those of the other biological. Physical factors tend to bring the water to a definite, uniform dis- solved oxygen content and to keep it in that condition; biological fac- tors tend to prevent this. Physi- cal fa-tors are fundamentally the controlling ones. Water in contact with the air normally contains oxygen in so- lution. Ihe amount depends upon its solubility in water and. upon the proportion of oxygen in the air. Since the latter does not change appreciably, the amount of dissolved oxygen in water depends only on the solubility of oxygen in water. This varies with the temperature of the water; it is greatest at 32° P. and decreases as the temperature rises. The greatest amount of oxygen that water exposed to the air, and at a given temperature, can hold in solution is known as its saturation capacity. At 32° F. this is about 10 cc, at 40° about 8.7 cc, and at 50° about 7.8 cc. per liter — (about 1 quart). If the water does not contain all the oxygen that it is able to absorb at a given temper- ature more is taken up from the air; if, with a change in condi- tions, it has more than it can hold in solution, some is given off until an equilibrium with the oxygen of the air is reached. The temperature of the water on a flooded bog usually changes from hour to hour during the cay and fi'om day to day, according to weather conditions. This changes the capacity of water to hold oxy- gen in solution and the equilibrium between the dissolved oxygen and the oxygen of the air must be re- established under the new condi- tions. Other factors also often disturb the balance between the oxygen in solution and that of the air. Whenever this happens, a transfer of oxygen from the air to the water, or from the water to the air, is necessary to restore the equilibrium. The transfer takes place by diffusion through the sur- face layer of water in contact with the air. Oxygen passes into or out of this surface layer very rap- id.ly, but because its rate of dif- usion in the water mass is very slow, only a thin layer at the sur- face has its oxygen content "RAIN BIRD SPRINKLERS" Pioneers: Cranberry Frost Protection and Irrigation For complete data write L. R. Nelson Mfg. Co., Peoria, III. Rain Bird Sprinkler Mfg., Glendora, Cal. For Oregon and Washington, R. M. Wade — Oregon Culvert & Pipe, Portland, Ore. Twenty-one brought to an equilibrium with the oxygen of the air. Oxygen is dis- tributed in the water mass more rapidly, however, by other means than diffusion such as by convec- tion currents and by circulation of the water by the wind. Convection currents are causea by changes in the temperature of the water. Water is heaviest at 39° F., and becomes lighter as it becomes either warmer or colder. Convection currents are set up if the surface water becomes denser than the underlying water. The surface water then sinks and water from below rises. This tends to equalize the distribution of oxygen in solution in the water and to keep it in equilibrium with the oxygen of the air. Convection currents are usually slower and much less effective than those caused by the action of wind. The effectiveness of wind in equalizing the distribution of dis- solved oxygen in the water of a flooded bog depends on its velocity. The stronger the wind, the more rapidly the mixing proceeds and the greater the cepth to which it extends. When the wind stirs the water to the depth to which bogs ordinarily are flooded, any local excess or deficiency of oxygen in the water below the surface is leveled out. It is to the rapidity with which oxygen diffuses into or out of the surface layer of water that circulation of the water by action of the wind, or by convec- tion currents, owes most of its ef- fectiveness in bringing the dis- solved oxygen of the water to an equilibrium with the oxygen of the air. A local excess or deficiency of dissolved oxygen in the water of a flooded bog may occur in the absence of wind or with wind of low velocity. An oxygen content below the saturation capacity of the water has often been found on flooded bogs. The deflcit is great- er in deep water, but no evidence has been obtained to show that in Massachusetts, on winter-flooded bogs not covered with ice the def- icit ever becomes great enough to injure the vines. This may not bs true in New Jersey where the flooding water is often very cark and greatly reduces light penetra- tion, as will be explained later. The occurrence of an oxygen def- icit, at a depth of only 2 or 3 feet, when there is little or no wind, shows that convection currents and diffusion are not sufficient, even in relatively shallow water, to keep the dissolved oxygen in equilibrium with the oxygen of the air. Ice annuls the effectiveness of wind and sets up a barrier to the normal oxygen exchange between air and water. Biological factors are those that owe their effect to physiological processes carried on by living or- ganisms. Two of these, respira- tion and photosynthesis, affect the dissolved-oxygen content of the water on flooded bogs and some- times cause great variations in it. Respiration is the term applied to a complex oxidation process taking place in every living cell, by which chemical energy is re- leased for the performance of the physiological processes necessary to maintain life. In nearly all plants the energy is released by the oxidation of carbohydrates and Cr( eB«oU»* Many of your worst insect enemies can be controlled with Kryocide, the natural cryolite insecticide. It is safe, effective and economical to use. Cryolite is recom- mended for use against cranberry weevils, gypsy moth caterpillars, fruit worms, cranberry blossom worms and Agricultural Chemicals Division PENNSYLVANIA SALT MAN u/fa/c TURING C oAd P A N Y N u/Ta^C T U 1000 WIDENER BUILDING, PHILADELPHIA 7, PA. NewYork.Chicago.St. Louis. Pittsburgh. Cincinnoti- Minneapolis. Wyandotte. Tacoma false army worms. For the most effective use of Kryocide against these insects that botlier your cranberries consult your local experiment station. Kryocide for spraying comes in 4 lb. and 50 lb. bags. Get a supply of this proved insecti- cide from your dealer NOW. DISTRIBUTED ^Y TheRojers&HuhbatdCo. Portland, Conn. AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS Twenty-two fats into carbon dioxide and water. The process requires oxygen, which normally is obtained from the air outside the plant, and carbon diox- ide is given off. Photosynthesis occurs only in plants or parts of plants that con- tain the green coloring matter known as chlorophyll and only when they are exposed to light. It is the process by which sugars and. starch are formed. Carbon dioxide and water are used in the process and oxygen is given off. The sugars and starch thus formed are used subsequently in respira- tion to supply enei-gy to the plants. The oxygen used in respiration by the cranberry vines and other plants on a ilooded bog is taken from that in solution in the water and the oxygen given off in photo- synthesis goes into solution in it. Consequently, respiration reduces the amount of dissolved oxygen and photosynthesis increases it. How- er, when a bog is not covered with ice, changes in the oxygen content of the water as a result of these processes are usually relatively small and of short duration since there is nearly always enough wind to cause circulation of the water and thus keep it at or near its oxygen saturation . capacity. But when the bog is covered by ice, circulation by the wind is pre- vented and the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water surrounding the vines is determined by the amount of oxygen used in respira- tion as compared with that given off in photosynthesis in cranberry vines and other plants usually present. Also, bacteria or other micro-organisms which are always present where there is organic matter act to reduce the oxygen content since they use oxygen in respiration, but do not carry on photosynthesis. Under conditions unfavorable for photosynthesis, the dissolved oxy- gen content of the water is reduced more rapidly on bogs on which there is a great amount of organic matter. Less organic matter comes in cirect contact with the water on sanded, bogs than on those not sanded. Therefore, the proba- bility of a complete disappearance of the dissolved oxygen in water under ice, when conditions are un- favorable for photosynthesis, is greater on a peat bog that has nev- er been sanded, or has not been sanded for several years, than on one sanded regularly at intervals of 3 or 4 years; it is least on bogs with "hard bottom". The rate of respiration of cran- berry vines and other plants on a flooded bog is influenced by the temperature of the water. Photo- synthesis, likewise, is affected by temperature, but also by other fac- tors. Both respiration and photo- synthesis go on slowly at 32° F., and the rate of each increases as the temperature rises. The tem- perature of water und.er ice on a winter-flooded bog has a definitely limited range, varying from 32° to 39° F., and changes slowly, rarely more than 1° within 24 hours. The rate of photosynthesis is de- termined not only by the temper- ature of the water, but also by the concentration of carbon dioxide in solution, and by the intensity of Irrigation and Frost Protection for Cranberries Send for blueprint and detailed specifications showing cost for typical lYz acre bog. Or send sketch of your bog for special layout. THE SKINNER IRRIGATION CO. TROY, OHIO GEORGE N. BARRIE, New England Distributor BROOKLINE, MASSACHUSETTS Tw»«ty-three the light received by the vines. Photosynthesis goes on more rapid- ly as the intensity of the light in- creases, but its rate is limited al- vi'ays by the temperature. The intensity of the light re- ceived by cranberry vines on a winter-flooced bog depends on the intensity of the incident light, the thickness and clearness of the ice, the presence or absence of snow on the ice, and the depth and clear- ness of water und.er the ice. The intensity of the light received at the surface of a bog on a clear day is least about December 21 and from then increases to a maximum on June 21. Perfectly clear days, however, are infrequent; haze in the atmosphere and cloudiness cause the light intensity to vary- between wide extremes, values as low as 3 or 4 percent of the June 21 mean maximum occuring when clouds are vei-y dense. The intensity of the light which passes through ice varies. The few measurements made indicate that as much light nenetrates a given thickness of clear ice as of water. However, the ice on flood.- ed cranberry bogs is seldom clear; snow may become included in it when the ice is formed or after- ward; and this reduces the inten- sity of the light which passes through it, although often not in direct proportion to the thickness of the ice, since the amount of in- cluded snow varies greatly and. the more snow in the ice the less the penertation of light. More light penetrates on a clear day than on a cloudy one. Also, since the amount of light lost by reflection becomes greater as the distance of the sun from the zenith increases, the penetration of light on a clear cay is greatest at midday and di- minishes progressively with the decreasing altitude of the sun. Less light penetrates ice when snow is on it than when the snow melts into slush and later freezes into the ice. No measurements have been made of light intensity under ice with a uniform snow cov- er, but a few measurements of light penetration through snow showed that only one-foui'th to one-third of the incident light penetrated one inch of snow. The penetration decreased rapicly as the depth of snow cover increased,; only about one-twentieth of the incident light penetrated 4 inches For Effective Destruction of ROOT GRUB use Distributed in Massachusetts by Cranberry Canners Inc. SOLVAY SALES CORPORATION 45 Milk Street Boston 9, Mass. of snow. In this connection reference should be made to the practice of sanding on the ice. A layer of sand, perhaps not more than a quarter of an inch thick, would probably exclude all the light from the vines, at least until the sand sinks into the ice as the ice melts. Although sanding in this way may be done more uniformly and at a little less cost than by other meth- ods, there is a possibility that the shading effect may result in seri- ous injury to the vines. A decid- ed I'eduction in yield has been ob- servea on a number of New Jersey bogs sanded on the ice as com- pared with adjacent bog areas that were not thus sanded. Water colored by organic matter in solution also reduces the inten- sity of the light received by cran- berry vines at a given depth in proportion to its color. Very dark flooding water is used on more bogs in New Jersey than in Mas- sachusetts. Measurements made by Dr. F. B. Chandler on New Jer- sey bogs flooded with dark water show that only half the light re- ceived at the bog surface pene- trates to a depth of 1 foot and that at a depth of 2 feet only one-fourth of the light at the surface reached the vines. Under such conditions it. is possible that during periods of dense cloudiness and in the ab- sence of wind, the dissolved-oxygen content of the water might drop to a very low level. Cloudiness, thick ice, and snow in or on the ice have little effect on the rate of respiration; conse- quently, the amount of oxygen used daily in respiration varies but little. On the other hand, these conditions, particularly snow on the ice, often so greatly reduce the intensity of the light received by the vines that photosynthesis goes on very slowly, if at all, and little or no oxygen is given off. If the amount of oxygen given off in photosynthesis during the short daylight period of winter days is less than that used in respiration d.uring an entire 24-hour period, the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water will decrease from day to day. It can increase only when more oxygen is given off in photo- synthesis than is used in respira- Twenty-foiir tion, and the rate of increase or decrease will be proportional to the amount by which oxygen given off is greater or less than that used. Conditions Under Which Injury Occurs Cranberry vines require oxygen for respiration at all times, even in winter. The actual oxygen re- quirement of various parts of cran- berry vines under winter flooding conditions is not known, but res- piration certainly is greatest in parts in which there is greatest physiological activity, as in leaves and in active parts within the ter- minal buds such as the flower buds, the undeveloped new leaves, and the growing point of the uprights. Since these parts require the most oxygen they are the first to be in- jured or killed as the oxygen sup- ply is depleted. No injury will occur so long as the djssolved-oxygen content of the water remains at a level high enough to supply the oxygen de- mand of the more active parts of the cranberry vines. What this level is cannot now be stated with certainty, but it has been found that injury occurs when the dis- solved oxygen content of the water reaches a level of 3 cc. per liter and remains there for two or three days. Moreover, it is possible that injury may occur if the dis- solved oxygen content of the water falls to 4 cc. per liter for two or three days. Injury to cranberry vines on win- ter-flooded bogs in New Jersey may occur under quite different conditions than in Massachusetts. In New Jersey bogs for which the flooding water is clear, or relative- ly so, it is to be expected that oxygen-deficiency injury will occur only when the bogs are covered with ice and have snow on the ice. On bogs flooded with dark colored, water, however, injury may occur on ice-covered bogs even though there is no snow on the ice. The reason for this is that a covering of ice, even a thin film of it, pre- vents circulation of the water by the wind which is the most im- portant agent in maintaining a uni- form dissolved-oxygen content of the water. Under such conditions the only source from which the dis- solved oxygen may be replenishea is that liberated in photosynthesis. Since only a small part of the in- cident light, as little as 25 percent at a depth of two feet, reaches the vines through d.ark-colored water, it is quite possible that with sev- eral days of very cloudy weather photosynthesis may go on so slow- ly, if at all, that the dissolved- oxygen content may drop to a level low enough to cause injury. It is also possible that this might occur even when there is no ice covering the bog, if there were little or no wind during a period of very cloudy weather. It would be very necessary, therefore, during cloudy periods, to determine the dissolved- oxygen content of the water on winter-flooded bogs, whether cov- ered with ice or not, to find out -whether the oxygen content be- ATTENTION Cranberry Bog Owners THE FOTO STUDIO will be glad to offer any photographic service to you at any time. The Studio is equipped to supply portraits of character of you or your employes. Excellent photos of your scenic acreage, and all types of equipment installations. ADAM STEIN Tel. Wareham 995 Room 8, Decas Block WAREHAM, MASS. "Markets Are Purchasing Power*' For forty years our management has sold cran- berries to markets all over the country. We know the trade, they recognize our fortitude in packing and shipping superior quality cranberries. Increasing market demand for "SUITS-US BRAND" pack requires a greater volume of supply each year. CoUey Cranberry Company" Plymouth, Mass. Office 17 Court Street Telephone Plymouth 1622 Twenty-five comes low enough to cause injujry. Forms of Injury Injury caused by a lack of oxy- gen in the water during the winter flooding period may be shown in several ways, which differ accord- ing to the severity of the injury. In more extreme cases the upper portions of the stems with their leaves and terminal buds are killed, or only the leaves of the preceding season may be killeo and subsequently fall off (leaf-drop). The death of stems with their ter- minal buds and any considerable loss of leaves are very obvious. These were the first forms of in- pury to be noticed and for many years were, and even yet some- times are, the only injuries attrib- uted to winter flooding. Terminal buQS may be killed without injury to the stems, which then develop one or more branches (side shoots) on each upright from buds just below the terminal one. If part of the stem is killed, the side shoots develop from buds further down on the stem. As a rule, terminal buds are more apt to be injured than the old leaves; but in some cases the terminal buds are not harmed and may develop in the usual man- ner and prod,uce one or two fruits even though the old leaves are killed and drop from the stems. The presence of more than an oc- casional side shoot on vines known to have been under water during the winter is very definite evidence of quite severe oxygen-deficiency injury. In case of somewhat less severe injury, small areas of leaf tissue of the embryonic leaves within the terminal bud. may be killed, caus- ing later deformation of the leaves as they develop. Usually all or most of the flower buds are killed when embryonic leaves are injured in this way. All the flower buds within the terminal may be killed without injury to the embryonic leaves or to the apex of the stem axis within the terminal bud. In this case, the new growth of the uprights develops as usual except that there are no flower buds, al- though vestiges of them may us- ually be found by careful examina- tion. Sometimes evidence that flower buds had been formed is shown by the presence of the pedi- cils, each bearing two small leaves (bracts) at its summit with a very small dead structure between them representing a flower bud killed very early in its development. When the flower buds within the terminal buds have been killed the development of the new growth from the terminal buds is usually retarded. Incompletely differentiated flow- er buds may be injured, but not killed immediately. These buds continue their development for some time, but die sooner or later; the more severely injured ones die at early stages of growth, those less severely injured die later, very often developing flowers which fail to set fruit. These ef- fects appear to be due to some in- jury to the ovules or to embryonic tissues from which the ovules are developed. Although injury resulting in death of flowers at some stage of flower development up to the ma- ture blossom must, from a techni- cal point of view, be regarded as a less severe form of injury than the death of the terminal buds, loss of the old leaves, or death of the u'> per portions of the stems, it is, in its effect on yield, just as impoit- ant as the forms of injury last named. In fact, it may be said, to be more important, since it is the first injury to occur during a period of oxygen deficiency and occurs within a relatively short time. It is known, e. g., that with a dis- solved-oxygen content of 3 cc. per liter for 2 or 3 days a considerable proportion of the flower buds with- in the terminal buds are killed, and that the yield is markedly reduced. A significant . reduction in yield may occur as a result of a period of either 24 hours or less during which the dissolved-oxygen content of the water is as low as 3 cc. per liter or of 3 or 4 d,ays during which the oxygen content is 4 cc. per liter. Such flower bud injury, al- so, is much less apparent and may sometimes be overlooked. If seen it may be attributed to causes be- yond the grower's control. Thus, on bogs that have been under water over winter, if the terminal buds are slow in starting, and if the new growth from the terminal buds develops very slowly in com- parison with that from terminal buds of vines in more shallowly flood.ed places, it is to be assumed that the vines have been injured by oxygen deficiency. This may be confirmed later by examining uprights for evidence of flower buds killed in early stages of their development. If these are found there can be no doubt but that the injury is due to oxygen deficiency. Remedial Measures Some modifications of winter flooding practices may be suggest- ed as preventive measures. First of all, bogs should be flooded as shallowly and for as short a time as possible. The time of putting on the winter flood will vary with weather conditions, but should be delayed as much as the weather permits. The winter flood also should be as shallow as possible; barely enough to cover the vines is all that is needed. It is well known among growers that the yield on shallowly-flooded parts is generally better than on more deeply flooded parts. On bogs only a little out of grade, flooding to a depth of 12 to 15 inches in the deepest part might leave some parts of the bog- entirely out of water or so shal- lowly flooded that most of the \ ines on the higher parts would be above water. However, in many cases such shallow flooding could BETmimGATiOH ^ With LISS WATER ■ A Model For Every Pressure For Farm, OrcHard or Truck Garden. Easil/ and quickly moijnled on any irrigation pipe. Heavy duty brass and bronze construction for long service. Sand and dirt proof. Wa- ter lubricated bearings— no oil or grease re> quired. No fast moving parts to rapidly wear out. MaKfmum coverage— even distr!> bution. p Wri(eJSi»j;t«9lu« and price;. THE CLAPPER CO. FORMERLY NEW ENGLAND TORO CO. 1121 WASHINGTON ST. WEST NEWTON 65, MASS. PHONE BIGELOW 7900 ^ BUCKNER MANUFACTURING CO.(v 161E Biackstonc Ave., Fresno, California BUCKNER SPRINKLERS Twenty-six [be done without exposing the vines on a very large proportion of the bog to possible winter-killing. This could not be done on bogs that are badly out of grade. In such cases, if the bog is large, it should, be subdivided so that differ- ent parts could be flooded as sep- arate units. If the bog is not large enough to make subdivision practicable, it usually would be better to leave the highest parts unprotected in order to reduce the depth of the water on the lower parts. In many instances the highest parts of a bog have "hard" bottom where vine growth is scarce and yields regularly very low. In such cases very little would be lost if these areas were left unprotected during the winter. Even if vine growth is good on the higher parts and the vines there bear well the higher parts usually make up only a relatively small proportion of the total bog area so that any loss by winter killing there would be more than offset by the increase in yield on the lower parts which make up most of the bog area. Reduction in the depth of the winter flood appears to be the only change in winter flooding practice that could be made on bogs with a limited water supply. Where the water supply is am- ple a bog may be flowed to the cus- tomary depth and if the dissolved- oxygen content of the water re- mains sufficiently high (4 cc. per liter or higher) it may be held at this level indefinitely. On the oth- er hand, if the dissolved-oxygen content of the water is found to approach the danger point the water should be drawn off. This may be done whether or not there is ice over the bog. After the water has been drawn off the bog- may be reflowed whenever condi- tions require it. CRANBERRY SCOOPS and SCREENINGS Growers accept evening meet- ings, conducted with the assistance of County Agents, in a matter of fact way, and appreciate them, but do they think of what is involved in these from the point of view of the Extension Service personnel and other state workers who are now called upon to spend so many evenings on a sort of "busman's holiday evening", after putting in the regular day of work? The agents or other state agricultural experts feel it official duty for them to take part in these in addition to the time already spent on their official work, and they do it will- ingly, but it has become a strain upon their endurance, to put it THOMAS BROTHERS General Contractors MIDDLEBORO, MASS. Tel. Middleboro 772 Concrete Flumes and Pumpwells Transit Mix Concrete Complete Line of Construction Equipment Excavating - Grading - Hauling Leave the Tough Jobs for Us Our Experience is Your Guarantee mildly. Cranberry evening meet- ings are not the only evening farm gatherings for these men. County Agent Tomlinson, at the Barnstable County Cranberry Com- mittee meeting called to prepare the schedule of club meetings, told the growers frankly that from the County Agent's point of view, evening meetings for farmers have been bui'.t up to such an extent during the past few years that it was getting impossible for the agent to handle all requests for evening meetings. Situation has become so acute over much of the nation that re- cently Dr. Edmund deS Brunner, who functions as advisor to M. L. Wilson, National Extension Direc- tor, has said the personnel prob- lem has now become one of the most serious facing Extension Ser- vice. This is primarily because of the number of people who have had to quit because of breakdowns, fa- tigue, and other illnesses that have been brought about by unusually long hours of duty, frequently ex- tending into the evenings, because of farm groups holding evening meetings. The Extension Service has already acquired such a repu- tation for requiring evening work that many young people will not serve on the staff. Cranberry men can show their appreciation of the willingness of these agents and others to sacri- fice their evening time to help out (with no financial benefit to them- selves) by attending the evening meetings when they are scheduled and by becoming more amenable to afternoon sessions, such as are be- ing tried out this year in both Plymouth and Barnstable counties. SUBSCRIBE AND KEEP A FILE OF CRANBERRIES FOR FUTURE REFERENCE kRlEHS-Ti/ler THE MOST COMPLETE l'iNE OF TILLAGE EQUIPMENT IN THE WORLD CA PACITIES 14 IN TO 7 FT CUTTING WIDTHS ARIENS CO. BOX 508 BRILLION. WIS Twenty-seven MASSACHUSETTS Feb. "Neutral" — Month of Feb- ruary is described by Dr. Franklin as probably "neutral" in its effect upon next season's crop possibil- ities. The first part of the month was pleasant, the latter rather stormy. A number of growers were greatly interested in taking the titration tests, following Dr. Bergman's visit in January in which he himself took samples of flooding water to analyze for dis- solved oxygen content and, gave instructions as to how to do this. The work was carried on in Febru- ary with assistance by Dr. Chand- ler. Summary: At winter's end there would probably be little change in the prospects for next year's U. S. crop from when the bogs went into winter flood. Re- ports from Wisconsin are that the winter was at least not unfavorable and the same is indicated, in Massa- chusetts and New Jersey. Pros- pects for Massachusetts, given in December by Dr. Franklin, were for an average crop, rather small- er berries than normal, but of good keeping quality"; Wisconsin, "A good crop and one that may be a really large one" In Jersey last summer's rainfall was not a favor- able factor, but vines may have "rested" somewhat from recent light crops, it being a question if this factor would bear much weight. Progress - A step toward greater efficiency is the increased use of ELECTRICITY. ELECTRICAL operation is EFFICIENT opera- tion. Plymoufh County Electric Co. WAREHAM Tel. 200 PLYMOUTH Tel. 1300 Keeping Abreast of Market Conditions Is Our Job! Continually improving outlets in the various markets to assure our Growers of receiving high returns for their Cranberries is our Goal! We enter the future with full confidence. We extend an invitation to Growers to try our Service if not already receiving it. We have been co-operating with Cranben-y Growers for over a quarter century, maintaining an outlet for all their berries. BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY Cape Cod Cranberries WAREHAM, MASS. r„ , , I 130 Telephone j^ ^^^ Twenty-eight >=l=o?Le< Let's Look At the Record Since 1930, year after year, we have paid a "just price" to the Growers for Cranberries, whiqh price has been the top price. In 1937 MINOT continued this price policy (regardless of the "big crop") and purchased every berry our Growers had to offer at the top price. We offered the same proposition to other Growers and MINOT was denied the privilege of purchasing such berries by "the powers- to-be." MIN-OT FOOD PACKERS, Inc. BRIDGETON, NEW JERSEY Represented by BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY ^ NEW ENGLAND CRANBERRY SALES CO. 9 Station Street MIDDLEBORO, MASSACHUSETTS "The Fresh Cranberry Cooperative" It is a MEMBERSHIP COOPERATIVE which has served Cape Cod Cranberry Growers for nearly four decades on the strictly demo- cratic cooperative principle of ONE MAN — ONE VOTE. Its management is under the active direction of a Board of Direc- tors elected annually by Australian ballot by the membership of the several districts of the Cape Cod area. It provides for its members a COMPLETE service — on actual cost basis — in the production, packing, and marketing of the crop, under established standards, descriptive brands, and the valuable Eatmor Trademark, shipments through the fresh and processed channels of trade participating equitably in the financial results through an all sea- son pooling system. Eatmor Cranberries Since 1907 IRVING A $12,000,000 A YbAR INUUblKY APE COD lEW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON 25 cents F. F. MENCEL of Wisconsin CRANBERKltS PHOTO LOYALTY... Amidst these changing times, it is indeed gratifying to know that many of our growers have been associat- ed with us for over half of a century Most of them, over 25 years. Loyalty, in member, customer or friend, is a priceless asset. Our constant aim is to merit it. Growers Cranberry Company, Inc. PEMBERTON, NEW JERSEY WISCONSIN MOVES FORWARD COOPERATION PAYS The WISCONSIN CRANBERRY SALES COM- PANY operates an experimental nursery and carries on scientific investigations on current cranberry problems. Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin CCI's "Growers' Pool" is Ready with Your Insecticides As in the past, CCI's Growers' Pool is ready with a full line of insecticides, spray materials, fertilizers, etc., for its members. Stocks of the materials listed below will be carried at Cranberry Canners' plants at Plymouth, Onset, and North Harwich. A small inventory is carried at Hanson, and larger quantities of any material for members in the Hanson district can be readily obtained on short notice. Savings earned by the Pool are returned to members at the end of the season as a Patronage Dividend. Apple Dritomic Sulphur Arsenate of Lead Black Leaf "40" Calcium Arsenate Calcium Chloride Ctisein Copper Sulphate, Crystals and Snow Cryolite Dry Lime and Sulphur Ammate (cuPont Weed, Killer) Ferric Sulphate Fermate Fertilizer 5-8-7 Fertilizer 7-7-7 Fish Oil Soap Iron Sulphate Nitrate of Soda Para-dichlorabenzene Paris Green Pyagra XX Dust (.35 Pyrethrum) Sabadilla Salt Sodium Arsenate Sodium Arsenite, Dry Sodium Arsenite, Liquid Sodium Chlorate Sodium Cyanide Sodium Silico FluoriJe Spray Lime Stimtox .9 Pyrethrum Powder Sulphate of Ammonia Rotenone 2% Weedone Liquid Lime & Sulphur Hubbard Stimtox Dust Miscellaneous Items Insect Nets Magnifying Glasses Martindale Masks and refills Rubber Knee Pads Thermometers Rubber-tired Wheelbarrows Hand Sprayers and Dustsrs Power Dusters CRANBERRY CANNERS, Inc. The Growers* Cooperative Canning Company Hanson, Mass. Coquille, Oregon Markham, Wash. Onset, Mass. Bordentown, N. J. Plymouth, Mass. North Chicago, 111. Dennis, Mass. No. Harwich, Mass. Long Beach, Wash. SERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY ADAMS ^ GOULD Lumber Dealers "Everything Under Cover" East Wareham, Mass. Tel. Wareham 648 Building Material for Bog, Screenhouse and Home Uses Paints - Hardware Marinette & Menominee Box Co. Marinette, Wisconsin BOXES, BOX SHOOKS, CRATING WIREBOUND BOXES AND CRATES M & M's 64th Year Servins the Wisconsin Cranberry Growers KROP-SAVER brand INSECTICIDES FUNGICIDES For the Cranberry Grower CROP-SAVER CHEMICAL COMPANY, Inc. 2630 West Arthington St. Chicagro 12, Illinois Cape & Vineyard Electric Company Offices : Chatham Falmouth Hyannis Vineyard Haven Established 1848 Hall & Cole Incorporated Commission Merchants and Jobbers 94 Faneuil Hall Market 102 BOSTON, MASS. APPLES AND CRANBERRIES SPECIALTIES Car Lot Receivers The National Bank of Wareham Wareham, Mass. MEMBER FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION We are in a position to manufacture Cranberry Picking Boxes at this season of the year F. H. COLE Established 1707 Manufacturers of Wooden Boxes and Shooks North Carver, Mass. Tel. 46-5 Wood County National Bank Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin MEMBER FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION (; Middleborough Trust Company MIDDLEBORO MASS. Member of The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation fciifi iJIlteTORl' lOR <3Mi^ GROWERS MASSACHUSETTS Call WAREHAM 162 S. C. M. Packerd & Go. Hardware — Locksmiths For Maintenance Supplies Diesel Bulldozer Tractor Plowing and Harrowing E. C. HOWES WEST WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. Warohani 405-W-2 Experienced in Bog Work HERE WE GO If you 'want QUALITY THAT'S WHERE WE FIT GIVE US A CALL FROST INSECTICIDE CO. Box 36 Arlington 74, Mass. Niagara Sprayer & Chemical Co., Inc. Middleport, N. Y. Manufacturers of Lead Arsenate, Rotenone Products, as well as a full line of dusting machinery. Complete line of Insecticides, both for dusting and spraying. Serving Western Cranberry Growers with High Quality Products Rotenone Pyrethrum Sabadilla N.cotine Copper Sprays Oil Sprays Lime Sulphur Solution iViiller Products company Portland 1, Oregon JOHN HILL Plymouth St. Bryantville, Mass. Offers Cranberry Growers the Value: Of Long Experience in Cranberry Work plus The Latest m Construction- Renovation Equipment, in- cluding: 2 Caterpillar Tractor BulLozers 2 Power Shovels Sand, Gravel, Crushed Stone Delivered Tel. Bryantville 6422 USE DYNAMITE The modern way to re- move stumps, excavate rocks, DIG CORES FOR DIKES, and other blasting work in cranberry growing. Speeds up work — reduces costs. CONSULT WITH US ON ANY WORK YOU ARE PLANNING. Trained by Hercules Powder Co. ALTON J. SMITH High St., Hanson, Mass. Tel. Bryantville 209-R-3 The People's National Bank & Trust Co. Pemberton, New Jersey Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Prefabricated Flumes on Show at Hanson CCI A pre-fabricated flume which promises interest to growers has been developed by Growers' Ser- vice of CCI. Two of these experi- mental flumes, made of toncan metal, have been bui t and may be seen at CCI, South Hanson. The metal is durable and water-resist- ing. Installation of such a flume is expected to be much easier than the building of a cement flume. To put the prefabricated flume in place, the excavation in the proper width is first made with a power shovel, or otherwise, the ready- built flume is then lifted into place, gravel is fi led in and the flume is ready. Models at Hanson are of two widths, one 4 ft., and the other 6 and can be made in any length de- sired. The model of 4 ft. opening is 16 ft. long. At the front and back of the flumes are side wings to hold up the dikes and below the culvert opening is a sheet of metal which extends downward for about 16 inches. This, in most locations, will avoid the necessity of driving spiling. The apron serves to pre- vent washing out under the flume. Severa' are expected to be installed this spring on properties of the United Cape Cod Cranberry Co. Three Present Prospects Not for Above Normal Crop, Opinion of Franklin March High Temperatures, Clipping Outlook, He Tells Growers at Final Plymouth County Meetings — M. L. Urann Speaker — Brown Reports Jamaicans Again Ob- tained— C. D. Hammond, Sr., Elected President South- eastern Group A statement of facts of the "present prospects" for the Massachu- setts and the national 1946 crop by Dr. Franklin was the highlight of the final winter meetings of Plymouth County clubs. Sunlight in Massachusetts has been limited, to less than desired, so that he does not expect any "bumper" crop this year, ana March tem- peratures were too high. If there should be proper amount of rainfall, properly spaced over the growing season, "it will still be possible to get a normal crop. This is not too likely, and I'd say our chances were on a 'short' normal side. "Conditions in New Jersey are not good, there was too much rain- fall last summer. There I should expect a crop not substantially bet- ter, at least, than that of last year. "Wisconsin until March had good prospects of a bumper crop, but I think the March temperatures took a clip out of those prospects. While Wisconsin may still get a very gooa crop, I do not think it will be a bumper. "For the country as a whole, there is little, if any chance for a more than normal crop, with the prospects rather less than more." Dr. Franklin emphasized this was not a "forecast," but simply the "present prospects." Amplifying his remarks later to CRANBERRIES, he said that while the warm temperatures of March would tend to increase the size of berries (as related in the booklet, "Weather in Cranberries") the lack of sunshine would tend to offset this, with the net result that he expected the size would, be about normal, and as to keeping quality he woula expect "at least, fair." As concerns the pi'ospects of frosts this spring, he said the fact that sun spots were getting num- ei'ous definitely suggested to him the possibilities of frosts. This is not especially encouraging to grow- ers who recall only too vividly the trouble they had last spring and particularly the many borderline nights. Despite a fine spring afternoon, when most of the growers must have had the urge to stay around, the bogs, 96, one more than the record attendance of the February meeting, were present at the Roch- ester meeting, Tuescay, March 26. At Plymouth, South Shore club, Thursday, the 28th, more than 80 were present, and the meeting was followed by a turkey supper. The new president, Orrin G. Colley, presided. Rochester meeting elected C. D. Hammond,, Sr., of Point Independ- ence, president for the coming year, the nominating committee, George Cowen, chairman, also placing for vote the names of Nahuni Morse, East Freetown, vice presicent; Gilbert T. Beaton, Wareham, re-election, secretary and treasurer; advisory council. Retiring President Raymond Morse and Former President Frank Cran- don. These were elected. M. C. Beaton was also elected auditor, Gilbert Beaton requesting that a yearly audit of the books woula be desirable. Mr. Hammond is a widely-known grower, manager of the Smith- Hammond Company, and it may be recalled an article was written about him and his son, "Dellie" and the Smith-Hammond, properties in July issue of CRANBERRIES. A vote was also taken at this meet- ing that flowers and a card of sympathy be sent to Mrs. Ham- mond, who was seriously ill. A vote of appreciation was asked for the retiring president, Mr. Morse, who has served for the past two years. He got it in a round of standing applause. Jamaican Help Again A far more encouraging picture of labor conditions for the coming season was painted by Joe T. Brown, director Brockton ofllce Ex- tension Servi-'e. He announced that 150 Jamaicans were again coming the first of April to v^ork throughout the season an thi'; supply of imported labor will be supplemented at harvest time by 150 more. Camp Manuel in Ply- mouth has again been contracted for as the barracks to house the men, and Mr. Brown said he felt quite confident this help would be forthcoming, despite the fact that the supply of Jamaican labor for the country as a whole is more limited this year. He said he felt that a very material contribution to the Massachusetts cranberry labor situation had been made in the past two years by the Jamai- cans and that this help had been of value not alone to the larger growers who directly employed them but to the smaller as well, as otherwise these "big" growers would have drawn from the general labor supply, thus leaving more men available for the smaller growers. Labor situation has definitely improved during the past month or two, he continued, and growers have an entirely new outlook in this respect. However, he said, he was not too optimistic that there (Continued on Page 14) WATER WHITE KEROSENE for CRANBERRY WEED CONTROL VOLTA OIL COMPANY Texaco Petroleum Products Distributor HAROLD VOLTA 35 Main St Plymouth, Mass. Tel. Plymouth C40 >M»MMMmiVllWJ|IMWB|MiJ ,.IL,I.I|IIJWI .^^s^ ELECTRICAL SUPPLIES • HARDWARE PAINTS iOSSMAN'S 27 Ashley Boulevard Ttl. New Bedford 5-7438 I Issue of April, 1946 — Vol. 10. No. 12 PubllBhed monthly at The Courier Print Shop, Main St., Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscription $2.60 per year. Entered as second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post office at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3, 1879. FRESH FROM THE FIELDS By C J. H. MASSACHUSETTS UMarch Frost Warnings — For the first time, frost warnings went out to cranberry growers in March. Forecast of Dr. Franklin, Saturday, the 30th, was for "dangerous frost tonight, would advise flooding." On Sunday afternoon and again at evening he sent out the warning, 'killing frost, 12 degrees." For the morning of March 31, tempera- tures of 19 (at Norton) and 16 (at Lowell Cranberry Co., in Middle- sex County) were recorded. Lows for the morning of April 1, were 5 at the Lowell Company and 12 at Norton. Many growers did not flood for the first warning, for the second most did, including the State Bog which is in a warm loca- tion. Ice formed there. HFreak Warmth — The dangerous conditions were occasioned by the ' unseasonable temperatures which much of March had brought, as high as 85 being ofiicially recorded at Boston. Much Massachusetts acreage had the water drawn early in the month, a great deal by the 10th, to provide the spring "brea- ther" and for sanding, a great deal of which was accomplished. By the end of the month there was definite 'greening up" on bogs here and there. ^Growers Worried — Growers had shaken their heads in worry all during the month as day after day provided the abnormal tempera- tures, very similiar to those which prevailed in March of last year, and caused such an exceedingly troublesome frost season, with the many "borderline" nights. Buds on trees and shrubs were swelling N. E. Sales Co. Regional Meetings Discuss Proposed Consolidation- Members To Make Important Vote As concerns the co-operative pro- posal for one "Central National Co-operative," action taken during the past month was a series of area meetings by New England Cranberry Sales Company. These were afternoon meetings preceded by dinner at Hyannis Inn, Hyannis, March 8; Red Men's Hall, Ply- mouth, March 15; Four Lindens Inn, Lakeville, March 18; Metho- dist Church, Wareham, March 22, and Sons of Veterans' Hall, Car- ver, March 29, the latter four be- ing evening meetings, preceded by dinner. The purpose in breaking these meetings down into small regional groups was to enable a"l grower members of the Massachusetts Co- operative to ask questions and to fully understand the proposal. At each meeting the matter was am- ply discussed, and various approa- ches to the problem brought out, the Carver and Plymouth meetings being especially well attended and lively in discussion. A'l members were given copies of the proposal (which was outlined in last month's CRANBERRIES) to take home for analysis. The annual spring meeting of NECSCO is set for April 18, and directors were to meet on April 4th to decide whether to place the matter of approval, dis-approval or other action before this mem- bers' meeting, or to call a special meeting. This will be a crucial meeting in the matter of the pro- posed consolidation. No action was taken during the month by other State Companies, and Chair- man Atwood said a meeting of the Industry Survey Committee of 8 would not be called until after this decision by New England Sa^es. Wisconsin directors have previous- ly voted to authorize the attorneys to go ahead and draw a proposal in Igal form directors of Growers' Cranberry Company have voted approval with minor changes and to subsequently place the matter to vote by New Jersey members. and particular' y worried were Massachusetts apple men. Growers well recall when never a thought was given to cold weather in March and scarcely even in April or the earliest nights of May. Last year, with the high March tem- peratures and the repetition again this spring have growers very much up in the air. The thought is put forward, that with improv- ing cultural practices bogs are be- ing pushed forward faster than they progressed in the "old days," and this fact, with freak weather in March, is distressing. Dr. Franklin is considering revising his (Continued on Page 30) Five F. F. Mengel of Wisconsin, A Believer In Modern Methods Former Highway Engineer Came to Forefront Quickly — Active in "Politics" of the Industry in that State — Son- in-Law, G. A. Getzin, Coming Younger Grower By CLARENCE J. HALL A former Wisconsin state highway division engineer, then private paving contractor, before he turned to full-time cranberry growing. Forest F. Mengel of Wisconsin has, in the past few years forged ahead into the position of one of Wisconsin's larger and influential cranberry growers. This accomplishment has been achieved by his aggressive drive, a capacity for "getting things done"; his willingness to do things on a large scale and to take advantage of moc'ern ideas in use of heavy construction equipment. He has gone into cranberry growing with a whole-hearted interest. His absorption in cranberries applies not only to his own affairs, but to helping in the progress of the whole program of Wsconsin cranberry growing. His interest in cranberries, the F. F. Mengel Cranberry Company, operates a property with 44 acres of marsh. Mr. Mengel came into the industry in September 1936, when he bought the 18-acre Weiss & Hamre marsh, buying the prop- erty with the crop on. He har- vested 500 barrels that year. In 1944 he produced 1,500 barrels and his highest production to date has been 2,100 barrels. On some beds he has produced 100 barrels per acre. The marsh had a bad case of leaf-drop when he took over. He has conducted a program of enlarging the original acreage and improving it. In making a part of this new marsh he worked on land which had trees as high as forty feet and as thick through as 20 inches. In renovating the old piece he set it to Jumbo Searles, with the exception of one section of 2% acres which had been put into Mc- Far'in. All his new development will also be Sesrles, also with an exception of McFarlins, an acre and a half, and these are of the so- called "pure" McFarlins. Mr. Menge' was born in Occono- mowac, which is about 30 miles west of Milwaukee. He attended University of Wisconsin, majoring in Civil Engineering, and upon graduaton began working in the state highway department as a highway engineer. He was with the state from 1912 for fourteen years and then left to operate his own paving contracting business. Six He operated much of the time around Wisconsin Rapids, both for the state and for himself, and had charge of the construction of many of the fine roads around the Rapids area. Living at Wisconsin Rapids, he had many friends who were cran- berry growers. He heard the talk about what a fine thing Wisconsin cranberry growing is and decided to get into it himself. With his construction machinery, he had a considerable advantage in getting started — in his renovating program and in building new bog. He also had had jjlenty of experience along general construction "ines. He had another advantage also in that, while getting started in cranber- ries, he had a crew of men who didn't have anything much to do in the winter, when road construc- tion was out of the question. He had a fleet of fifteen i^rucks, Allis-Chalmers tractors and bull- dozers, a yard and a half crane with dragline attachment for use in pulling stumps, a power shovel, an A'lis-Chalmers five-yard scrap- er, and an ATECO combination scraper. When he took over the Weis & Hamre marsh he put to work this equipment, his experienced men and his own contructive ability, in the renovation of sections of the UPPER- LOW EK- ■ALLIS-CHALMERS TUACTll -DRYING SHEDS, MENGEL CRANBERRrES PHOTO R AT WORK ON MENGEL BOG, MAKSH. marsh and to building additional acreage. The marsh 5 miles south of Wisconsin Rapids, near Nekoosa, has a very satisfactory water supply, flowing through a reservoir, from Five-Mile Creek, a tributary of the Wisconsin River. Sand is ample and of good cranberry qual- ity. Mr. Mengel's son-in-law, G. A. Getzin, is now also a cranberry grower, one of the active younger Wisconsin generation. He has 22% acres of his own, about three miles south of the Mengel marsh. Getzin has there the possibility of put- ting in enough additional acreage to bring the holding up to 50 acres. In fact, he plans to do that and has done ditching and some pre- liminary work. Getzen, as is his father-in-law, is a graduate of the University of Wisconsin. He was raised on a truck farm near Milwaukee, but preferred to work in the large manufacturing plants there; later entering Wisconsin and being graduated as a mechanical engi- neer. After a year in construction work he turned to cranberries — in 1937. Mr. Mengel, as previously stated, takes a very active interest and part in what might be termed the "politics" of the affairs of Wis- consin cranberry industry and Sales Company. His is an active role in the meetings and he is will- ing to give his time to projects of a helpful nature. One of these was a major one last year when he was on the labor committee of the Sales Company. Specifically he was of great service in the converting of barracks at the Tri-City (Wiscon- sin Rapids) Airport into accomo- dations for the large Prisoner of War consignment. So valuable was his contribution in this matter it was generally conceded that with- out his help and supervision, the housing aspect of the POW project would not have been put through, and the program for this labor supply so badly needed might not have been successful. Mr. Mengel, as are several of the Wisconsin growers, is keenly interested in the re-forestry pro- gram in the Badger State, once so heavily timbered. He has about 80 acres planted to young Norman Suggests Possibilities, Foreign Trade for Processed Cranberries Orrin G. Colley Thinks Fruit in This Form in Post-war De- serves Consideration, Having Had Experience in Process- ing and Marketing — Is Second President of South Shore Club By CLARENCE J. HALL Orrin G. Colley, recently elected president of the South Shore Cran- berry Club of Massachusetts, succeeding George E. Short, is the second to head this Plymouth County organization, formed four or five years ago. Orrin Colley has known cranberries since he can remember almost anything. His mature experience has been mainly with the processing and marketing end of the industry, although he is a grower — as yet — on a relatively modest scale. Orrin, born in Somerville, Massachusetts, July 19, 1910, is the son of George A. Colley, who, from around the turn of the century has been a widely-known figure in the marketing of cranberries in Massachusetts. The latter is founder of the Colley Cranberry Company in about 1926 and for a couple of decades or more prior to forming this company he had bought, and handled, on commission, many thousands of barrels of Cape Cod cranberries, both in Barnstable and Plymouth counties. Orrin, himself has been active in the Massachusetts cranberry scene, both as an "independent" and associated with the co-operative side. The interest of growers and of Every possibility which will those who are chiefly concerned widen the market for cranberries with marketing has to an almost exclusive degree been confined to the domestic marketing field. Orrin, with experience in both fresh and processed sales, in an interview, raises the interesting point of looking beyond the borders of the United States and Canada. Latin America, in particular, might offer a good market, in the opinion of Colley, and England also, with its fondness for jams and jellies as well as other units of the United Kingdom. Specifically, he is intrigued with business prospects which might be developed in South America for dehydrated cranberries. . Orrin does not agree that the dehydrated cranberry — retaining the best qual- ities of the fruit — and so easily and therefore economically transported to distant places, has been given the final consdieration. He ques- tions the permanent assignment of dehydrated cranberries to a minor place in the cranberry marketing picture. and "Jack" pine, which, when ma- tured to cutting age, will be used for wood pulp. He has planted 20,000 trees in a year. in any form, making an increasing and more assured demand for the crops, is worth thorough explora- tion, he points out. Even though domestic per capita consumption of cranberries is not as high as it could be, he sees no reason why there should not be a further back- log of foreign consumption — if the idea is at all practical. He bases his observations on quite a little first-hand experience, both in processing and marketing, obtained when the Colley Cran- berry Company at Plymouth was dehydrating by the Sardik process and selling under the "Suit-Us" brand name. Orrin is now vice-president of the Colley Company with offices at Plymouth. His father is president and Edward Holmes of Plymouth, treasurer. The firm is an indepen- dent dealer in cranberries and also has interests in about 60 acres of bog. Orrin, personally owns 35 acres, these being bogs in Plymouth and Pembroke; his brother, George A. Colley, Jr., has 10 acres, and the company owns 15. Orrin Trained for Flying After attending schools in Somer- ville, Orrin was graduated from Seven Phillips-Exeter Academy at Exeter, New Hampshire, in 1929. With his father in the cranberry business, Orrin had become familiiar with cranberries from almost the first time he was able to observe things around him. Mr. Co ley, Sr., had become associated with W. W. Ben- jamin Co., Boston, formerly well- known as a dealer in produce, both frrits and vegetables, including cranberries. He had gradually be- come specialized in the buying of cranberries. One of the eai'liest accounts handled localy by Ben- jamin was that for the American Cranberry Exchange when it was first organized. Colley bought hogs in Pembroke, and as a "kid" curinfT summer vacations Orrin had flEyed around the bogs and "helped out." Intending to take up the cran- berry business for a liv'ihood, Orrin, following graduation from Exeter, spent nearly a year in 1 arning to fly, taking flying les- r.-ns with Skyways, Inc., Crocker Snow, president. This was at East Boctcn airport and at the fly- ing field at Marstons Mills on the Cape. He also went to New Haven where he learned aviation mech- anics with the Viking Plying boat manufacturers. He received his strdent pilot's icense, but was un- able to continue further in aviation as a flyer because of a lack of "depth perception" in his vision. He had taken this flying instruc- tion with the primary idea of using it to fly himself "over the road," on business for the Colley Com- pany — a sort of "flying contact man." It developed that he was on the road and not "in the air" (except by commercial plane) on produce deals for about 10 years, from about 1930. His usual course of procedure was to visit produce markets, beginning in March and usually from Georgia or F'orida, and working up the Atlantic Sea- board and through other Eastern distributing centers until about June. After that he would work from the home office at Plymouth, chiefly on the fall cranberry mar- keting. For a time the Colley Com- pany was the Massachusetts agent for Hills Brothers, New York; Eight ORRIN G. COLLEY FOTO STUDIO WAREHAM "ater Orrin handled this account in his own right. Turned to Dehydrating Unexpectedly, in 1940 he became interested in the dehydrating of cranberries. Then living in a rather isolated section of King- ston, he tells the story of how, one very dark and stormy night at about 10:30 he was called to the door by a knock and was con- fronted by five men, all in rain- coats and apparently strangers to him. For a moment he was rather alarmed by the visitation, then he recognized as one of the five rain- coated men, the late "Dave" Seag- er, a felow ci'anberry grower of the area. The latter introduced his companions as representatives of the Sardik interests in dehydra- tion. The result of a conference which followed, was the he went to New York and acquired the rights to the Sardik process of dehydration for cranberries. The Colley Company bought a former clam factoi-y on the Plymouth waterfront, installed the patented Sardik equipment, and began the processing and market- ing of dehydrated cranberry "Flakes," as the "Suit-Us" brand. This was described in CRAN- BERRIES, December 1941. When the war loomed imminent- ly, Orrin began to sense the fact there might be demand for a tre- mendous quantity of dehydraiedi cranberries. He relates how h( made a number of trips to Wash ington where he developed the idea with various officials. Assuredl that the prospects were actual, h' realized a large amount of. capitoli would be necessary for the buying: of berries in sufficient quantity and the many costs entailed in a rapid- ly-expanding business. Consultations were held with Marcus L. Urann of Cranberrjj Canners, Inc., and the Coley plant at Plymouth and the Sardik rights were taken over by that co-opera- tive— as is well-known — and CGI processed and shipped the hugi quantities of cranberries upon Government order. Orrin went aong with the business, at first being CCI vice president in charge of dehydration and later vice president in charge of berry supply He severed his connections with Cranberry Canners in July of last year. Returning, to the matter of de hydrated cranberries in foreigr markets, Orrin only recenfy re- ceived a letter from a woman ir Brazil, referring to "Suit-Us" de- hydrated cranberries she bought ir Chile in 1942, and asking if more could be obtained. It is Orrin's belief that the foreign demand for the American cranberry would be present, if developed, and that most of the many more Americans that will be in foreign countries in the postwar world would want cranberries, at least on the tradi- tional holidays. The small bulk of dehydrated cranberries, so easily transported over great distances, he believes is the answer to build- ing a cranberry market in foreign lands. To Massachusetts Growers From the President of CCCGA GEORGE SHORT Fifty-eight years ago pioneer cranberry growers on Cape Cod, with foresight looking ahead to the future of the industry, groupeo co-operatively and decided that for successful cranberry cultivation scientific methods must be devel- oped and practiced. The Cape Cod Cranberry Grow- ers' Association did a great deal through representation at the State House and State College to help develop the East Wareham sub-station. The association has worked for and helped finance many projects over the 50 years. New pests and diseases will make their appearance in the future. We will need a greater scientific umbrella, or staff, to combat them. If we as a cranberry group keep our "Mother Club," the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association, strong, also, only then can we ap- peal with worthwhile results for action at the State College. We must remember other strong groups such as dairy, poultry, ap- ple, vegetables, etc., are demanding scientific help from the same State sources. Massachusetts cranberry grow- ers numbered over 1300 a few years ago; today because of larger mergers the number has dwindled to perhaps 1,000. We should have at least half of that number in the growers' association. We need greater membership if we want the frost reports to remain at a high standard (telephone calls come high); if we want to help workers at the Station with equip- COLLEY'S JEEP AND FORMER G. CKANBERRIE9 ^HOTO I. CREW AT COLLEY BOG. ment for better service for the industry; if we want to keep our scientific staflf intact; if we want to increase our scientific staff for future neec.s. If we want these things let us join or rejoin the Association. Let us sign up to 500 members strong. Fellow cranberry growers, your membership is needed. To join will help you, it will help the in- dustry. Massachusetts Labor Importation Is From British Honduras The expected "150 Jamaicans," to arrive in Massachusetts in April, arrived on April first, and turned out to be 105 citizens of British Honduras. J. T. Brovm, director Plymouth County Extension Serv- ice, received word of the change a few days previously from Robert S. Olmey, who is head of the Labor Branch office in Hartford, Conn., for the United States Department. A total of 121 made up the "abor importation, but 12 were diverted to vegetable growers in New Eng- land and four are cooks. The men are English speaking, with a few knowing Spanish. The men are stationed at Camp Manuel in Plymouth and began to go out to the bogs on April 2. J. C. Makepeace Company has 30, United Cape Cod has 45, J. J. Bea- ton Company has 15 and New Eng- land Sales Co. has 15. Whether the harvest contingent to arrive late in the summer will be more from British Honduras, or wir be Jamaicans as previously expected, is not determined at this time. Niac Survey Shows 48 Pet. Jersey Acres Harvested in '45 A survey by the New Jersey^;' Crop :.Report5T!ig Service, Trenton, ■^ Dk^^,, Boster, U. S.> agricultural ■* ^listician, whicii included cran- berry acreage, gives interesting infoi-mation m leation to Jersey'^ cuiient production / These iigaies show that New Jer- sey has a itotal (enumerated and estnnated) o± 257 ' faims," opeiat- ino o, total acieage of 11,829 Of this aciease, howevei, 3,995, 33 8 peiceht, IS classified as "old non- healing" bog Acieage hai vested in IM45 was 5,418, Jl^ls being on yi iiegaidless of" .(londition, or ^^nt of the, 'total Aeies ""cT^sstficd as "new bog, non-bear- int^," 01 1.9 peicent of the total. Appioximately 85 percent of the btate acreage is located in BiJi'- Impton and Oc^an counties, and ,^frihese two wer^., surveyed , with L-mred enumerators, these personally intei viewing the growers. In .other counties, the information was 'obtained by personal letter. As it is practically impossible to obtain complete covei'age, allowance was made for growers who were not, or could not be contacted either for personal enumeration or by letter. Very careful attention was given and al' available check data used in determining these estimates. Main objective of the survey was to determine the prevailing wage rates for harvesting the crop, and preliminary results provided the following- data: In Ocean County, cranberry har- vesters were paid an average of $1.01 a bushel for picking cran- berries by the scoop method, while in Burlington County "scoopers" were paid an average rate of SI. 17 a bushel. These data were obtained from an enumerative sample sur- vey made by the Bureau of Agri- cultural Economics of 830 workers emp'oyed in harvesting cranberries in the two counties during the week ended September 29, 1945. Har- vest work included picking cran- berries by the scoop method or by hand, hauling and grading. Eighty percent of all the workers in the Teii }' liJ > a. m hi < Ul ft u < >- 01 QL LU m z < QL U _l < u cn >- a. < D 0) Ui < I- is 1% f s ca O gS5 o -oCQ O » I I 0) cQ u to CO ' t- -X to ■ M to -^ I I S I N O •* CO cc i-H la tJ- u3 1/5 CO CJ lo eg CI lO o o ' « 00 X W ' Ol O CO TTTl O Ci to CO ^^. I I ■ t- I « 03 so o c- o «D in in CO I I eo CO oq lis t— LOO ioaOtauaoot^oo jNin-^ioiOiOiQus U3'-JlCPJlOlO»oO 05 N -u-" "If eg « eg N >< Sl •= 6 B •- ~ B K E E p. io tarings— no oil or grease re- moving parts to rapidly urn coverage— even distr!> ilure and price:. LAPPER CO. FORMERLY NEW ENGLAND TORO CO. 1121 WASHINGTON ST. WEST NEWTON 65, MASS. PHONE BIGELOW 7900 0 BUCKNER MANUFACTURING CO.(fr 1615 Blackstone Ave., Fresno, California BIICKNER;^PRIKKLEE Tri- County Cranberry Company Belleplain, New Jersey DRYING TRAYS 2' X 4' X 4" Slatted Pine Construction IDEAL FOR FLOATERS AND WET BERRIES 60c apiece In Carload or Trailer shipments inches above normal for the month. The wettest February in record, reaching back to 187S for this sta- tion near Ilwaco and the Long- Beach cranberry area was in 1902, when the total was 21.66. At that, the Peninsula station aid not ap- proach that at Astoria, Oregon, across the Columbia River, wnich recorded 16.63 inches. Temper- atures for the month were about normal, ranging from 32 to 53 at North Head, t'irst five days of the month, with a steady dovi'npour flooding the whole area, and the last seven days of the month brought another deluge. OREGON UNew Project Near Coquille — William Zieaerick of CoquUle has opened up some 30 acres of new cranberry land, north of the Co- quille river, between Bullards and Whisky Run. It is understood that a tract of land owned by Mr. Ziederick, consisting of about 1200 acres, has 17 natural peat bogs, in all comprising tlie 30 acres, 'ihere are reported several new owner- ships of these peat bottoms, with plans for builanig bog and new adjacent homes underway. A bull- dozer has been at work on the property and there are plans for the building of three dams to im- pound water for bog use. The sale of 280 acres, in separate par- cels, has been completed, and among the purchasers are Ike Stevens and Ed Steward, both of Berkeley, California; Bryant Stev- ens and Franklin and Rudolph Stevens. OREGON NOTES By Mrs. Ethel Kranick Mrs. J. A. Amundson of Babcock, Wisconsin, visited the Bandon cranberry area. Mr. and Mrs. L. M. Kranick, Mrs. Leila Fish, Mr. and Mrs. Sumner Fish and Mr. and Mrs. L. L. Hooker escorted her on a tour of marshes. She expressed surprise over the small "pothole" marshes that were so clean and free from weeds and produced such heavy yield.s of berries. There has been more rainfall this winter than for many years in the memory of cranberry growers. Spring appears to be "on time" or even a little early. Growers who the in the "planting stage" .have been handicappea by weather con- ditions. The Eldon Langlois recently sold to Jim Olson. John Neilson sold out his inter- est to his partner, Manuel Wilson. A number of growers have had difficulty getting equipment, due to the steel strike. The labor problem does not loom quite so large since the return of service men. Prospective growers are having no trouble in getting planters. It is hard to keep up to the rapid increase in planting. An estimate might be between 150 to 200 acres. CRANBERRY SCOOPS and SCREENINGS Dr. Chester Cross is expected to be released from the Army and back at Massachusetts Experiment Station in May. Dr. Neil E. Stevens, University of Illinois, will again be in Massa- chusetts this sumrrier, probably in June, associated more or less with cranbei'ry work. LLOYD M. HENDRICK Registered Architect Architect-Engineer Public, Commercial and Domestic Work BAKER BLDG. BUZZARDS BAY AND POCASSET, MASS. CRANBERRY REAL ESTATE APPRAISING 17 Court St. Plymouth, Mass. BOG MANAGEMENT Tels: Plymouth 1622 Kingston 319 If you are buying or selling Cranberry Property it will pay you to see us. A number of properties available, more wanted. Tlirty-one With Drs. Franklin, Chandler, Bergman, Cross and Stevens around the scene this season, it does look as if growers of the Pil- grim Land are not exactly out in the cold on the scientific sid.e. ElKs D. Atwood is pretty much recovered from his broken collar- bone, and looks for some action on the Eda RR now that spi'ing has definitely broken. To perk up his prospects he has about two of the six miles of narrow-gauge track he has been looking for, and at last reports was in the market for some ties to lay this rail on. Expect to see some air dusting- done this season by two or three of the bigger Massachusetts grow- ers. While air dusting is routine in Jersey there has been one done in the Bay State for years, when a few trial attempts were mad.e. A second Japanese bomb has been found on the beach a short distance from Bandon, Oregon. This was a medium-sized one and was taken in charge by the Coast Guard. Those going to the shore in the area have been warned against unidentified objects discov- ered on the beaches. Harold W. Ellis, who severed his countants, who specialize in audit- ' connections as auditor with CCI is ;,-ig co-operatives, especially in now on the staffs of W. L. Bradley & Company, Buff^alo consulting ac- the Middle West. ELECTRICITY Is at your service — day and night! Holidays. The efficient power of ELECTRICITY is available for you at any time you need it — at the pull of a switch, or the press of a button. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM Tel. 200 PLYMOUTH Tel. 1300 Keeping Abreast of Market Conditions Is Our Job! Continually improving outlets in the various markets to assure our Growers of receiving high returns for their Cranberries is our Goal ! We enter the future with full confidence. We extend an invitation to Growers to try our Service if not already receiving it. We have been co-operating with Cranberry Growers for over a quarter century, maintaining an outlet for all their berries. BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY Cape Cod Cranberries WAREHAM, MASS. Telephone j- g^^ f Thirty-two Let's Look At the Record Since 1930, year after year, we have paid a "just price" to the Growers for Cranberries, which price has been the top price. In 1937 MINOT continued this price policy (regardless of the "big crop") and purchased every berry our Growers had to offer at the top price. We offered the same proposition to other Growers and MINOT was denied the privilege of purchasing such berries by "the powers- to-be." MIN-OT FOOD PACKERS, Inc. BRIDGETON. NEW JERSEY Represented by BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY ^PP^?t^?^P^t?^§iPPPP^i|i!^!^^ ^^'c. MARKETS or SURPLUSES? There are two things a farmer can do about a crop- work to create a wider market for it or sit back and grumble about surpluses. The cranberry growers, with judgment and foresight, have beejn workers, not grumblers. Working together year after year, they have done intelligent advertising and sales promotion to^lengthen the cranberry season, develop new uses for cranberries, make cranberry dishes increasingly pop- ular. And year after year, they have sold the crop at stable prices with less seasonal risk. I '(f"P^.*iiii^i|!|jii j.wijft ^.'jy r Maintenance Supplies Diesel Bulldozer Tractor Plowing and Harrowing E. C. HOWES WEST WAREHAM, MASS. Tel, Wareham 405-W-2 xperienced in Bog Work HERE WE GO If you want QUALITY THAT'S WHERE WE FIT GIVE US A CALL HOST INSECTICIDE GO. Box 36 Arlington 74, Mass. Niagara Sprayer & Chemical Co., Inc Middleport, N. Y. mufacturers of Lead Arsenate, tenone Products, as well as a 1 line of dusting machinery. Serving Western Cranberry Growers with High Quality Products Rotenone Pyrethrum Sabadilla Nicotine Copper Sprays Oil Sprays Lime Sulphur Solution Miller Products Company Portland 1, Oregon JOHN HILL Plymouth St. Bryantville, Mass. Offers Cranberry Growers the Value: Of Long Experience in Cranberry Work plus The Latest in Construction- Renovation Equipment, in- cluding: 2 Caterpillar Tractor Bulli'ozers 2 Power Shovels Sand, Gravel, Crushed Stone Delivered Tel. Bryantville 6422 USE DYNAMITE The modern way to re- move stumps, excavate rocks, DIG CORES FOR DIKES, and other blasting v^^ork in cranberry growing. Speeds up work — reduces costs. CONSULT WITH US ON ANY WORK YOU ARE PLANNING. Trained by Hercules Powder Co. mplete line of Insecticides, both : dusting and spraying. ALTON J. SMITH High St., Hanson, Mass. Tel. Bryantville 209-R-3 The People's National Bank & Trust Co. Pemberton, New Jersey Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Exchange Re-elects Atwood President Directors Discuss, But Take No Action on Consolida- tion Delegates from the three State Companies, meeting in New York Monday, April 22, as directors of American Cranberry' Exchange, elected officers and committees for the coming year. Ellis D. Atwood of New England Cranberry Sales was re-elected president; Theodore H. Budd, president of Growers Cranberry Company, New Jersey, was elected first vice president; other vice presidents are Bernard Brazeau, Wisconsin, and L. B. R. Barker, Massachusetts. C. M. Chaney was re-elected executive vice president and general manag- er; E. C. McGrew, assistant gen- eral manager and secretary and ti-easurer; and Miss Kathryn Pratt, assistant treasurer. Appointed to the advertising committee were Arthur D. Benson, Homer Gibbs of Massachusetts and Mr. Budd of New Jersey. Following the election and ap- pointment, the proposition of an "over-all" cooperative handling both fresh and processed fruit was discussed briefly, but no action was taken. Threa More Than 300 Attend Cape Growers' Association Dinner-Socia INTRODUCER, C. E. SHORT. CRANBERRIES PHOTO M. CHANEY: SPEAKER, KITCHEN: PRESIDENT. GEORGE Hear C. W. Kitchen, Ex. Vice President United Fresh Fruit & Vegetable Association, Tell "Independence" Has Be- come "Inter-dependence", and Urge Organized Effort — Stronger Growers' Group and Fund for Experiment Sta- tion Proposed. C. W. Kitchen, executive vice president of the United Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Association, with headquarters in Washington, to-d more than 300 gathered for the second annual spring dinner- social of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association at Memorial Town Hall, Wareham, Thursday, April 11, that marketing advance- ment must not lag behind scientific progress in production. Changed conditions have brought about "inter-dependence for indepen- dence," and in this day of complex living, achievement comes through organization, he declared. "Scientists, working together, have literally made two blades of grass grow, where one grew be- fore. The science of production has progressed much more rapidly than the science of marketing. The problem of today is to do a better job of distribution and of mai-ket- ing," he continued. "Most people do not realize how complicated the problems of today have become, and how many people Four and steps are involved in distribu- tion. You can go into almost any store in the land today and get al- most any kind of produce you ask for at almost any time. We have the best food distribution system which has been developed in any country in the world at any time, still we need more modernization — we must correct the weaknesses that we have. Individuals can't do things alone as did our grand- fathers. The family unit was once self-dependent. Admirable as that was, it will not do today. In China the family unit is still dominent and that is one of China's main weaknesses, in my opinion." The committee, Russell Make- peace chairman, which arranged the dinner-social decided upon a program of a roast beef dinner at 6:30, a single address and a social, followed by dancing. Mr. Kitchen was named to his executive post in the Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Association on'y this spring, after having served 34 years in the United States Department of Agriculture, mostly in key po tions, his most recent governm« work being as assistant direct Production and Marketing Adm istration. He was introduced C. M. Chaney, general manager the American Cranberry Exchan; who said it had been his privile to know Mr. Kitchen for ma years, and that in the Fresh Fri and Vegetable Association, J Kitchen had often been thought as the unoflRcial "secretary agriculture." When those in t association had a job to do th got in contact with Mr. Kitch and the job was done. This was Mr. Kitchen's fii visit to a cranberry area and di ing the day of the meeting he h visited a few bogs, viewing t location of cranberry growl with much interest. He w- familiar, however, with cranber problems and said that he h known and worked with the la A. U. Chaney, with C. M. Chan and E. C. McGrew, Exchange A sistant General Manager, and recognized the cranberry indust had been one of the first to wo together co-operatively. He i ferred to the fact the industry w one of the first to advertise i produce and that the Exchanii held U. S. Department of Agricv ture License No. 1, and that t. late "A. U." and he had worked < the passage of this legislation 1930. President George E. Short wt comed the gathering, and althoug he announced it was primarily social time, a brief discussion wi held. This may have aided tl cause of an increased membersh: in Cape Cod Cranberry Grower Association and the obtaining of additional automobile, laboratos and other equipment for the Stat Experiment Station at East Wan ham. Carleton (Dellie) Hammond, Jl treasurer, urged greater effort fc a stronger growers' associatioi Present membership is but 216, h said, and of these 50 or more at not growers, but those with intei ests affiliated with cranberry grois ing. The association, when the ir (Continued on Pafe 13) Issue of May, 1946 — Vol. 11, No. 1 Published monthljr at The Courier Print Shop, Main St., Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscription $2.60 per year. n tered as second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post office at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3, 1879. dustry Committee Discusses Consolidation At New York Meeting , E. Sales on Present Plan, 98 "No", 2 "Yes" embers at Annual Meet- ding, However, Instruct ijPlanning Committee to Continue Work — George A. Cowen Succeeds At- wood as President New England Cranberry Sales mpany cast a total of 100 votes, istralian ballot, 98 being "No", 'Yes", on the question of accept- C or rejecting the present plan recommended in New York, e hundred and twenty-two were mted present, membership of ! Company being 258. A total 126 had previously attended five fional meetings at which the jposal had been explained and cussed in detail. The vote at i meeting on the 18th followed ong morning of discussion. The vote as taken was reduced its simplest terms, being: Do you approve or not approve the plan for the National Or- nization as presented to the mbers at the district meetings?" Although this negative action I not provide for any further con- eration of a later consolidation, motion was afterwards of- •ed by Russell Trufant and sec- ced. by Earl F. Boardway which 1 not "close the door" for further tion by New England Sales Com- ny. In fact, several of the sakers who urged the rejection the present plan expressed imselves as either in favor of an sr-all as an eventual solution or against the company taking (Continued pn Page 7) Canners' Sponsored Meeting Gives "Go Ahead" Expression 250 Attend Discussion and Explanation of Consolida- tion Plans at Hanson — Members "Voting" 86 for, None Against; Non-Mem- ber Growers 9 in Favor, Negative 0 Approximately 250 attended a meeting at CCI main plant, Han- son, Mass., Monday, April 22. This gathering was sponsored by Cran- berry Canners, Inc., notices to growers having been sent out, an- nouncements made at cranberry clubs inviting all, whether mem- bers of Canners, the Sales Com- panies, or affiliated with independ- ent agencies, to the meeting to "discuss the plan for a National Co-operative to market fresh and processed cranberries." This was not a "legal" meeting of CCI, John M. Quarles, attorney for Canners, pointed out at the start of the meeting, but two votes to obtain expression of opinion were taken. These came after the plan which has been approved by the Industry Committee in New York had been explained, and discussed by vari- ous speakers. Those attending were urged to ask any question they desired to ask, either orally or on slips of paper which were passed out and collected, the ques- tions then being given replies from Mr. Urann or Mr. Quarles. The two votes taken were on ap- proval or disapproval of the plan and consolidation. The first was a standing vote, limited to mem- (Continued qn next Pa^e) Following the annual meetings of New England Cranberry Sales Company on April 18th and Amer- ican Cranberry Exchange on April 23rd, the Cranberry Growers' In- dustry Committee met in New York on April 24th for an all-fay discussion of the problems facing the industry, at the conclusion of which the grower-members of this committee voted to form a corpor- ation to handle cooperatively the marketing of the national cran- berry crop, fresh and processed. Mr. Karl D. Loos and Mr. John R. Quarles will be invited to handle the legal problems of the set-up. This is a preliminary report of the meeting and the proposals enter- taine:'. The above statement was issued by John C. Makepeace, chairman of the Industry Committee of 8. The other members of this com- mittee are: the executive heads of Cranberry Canners, M. L. Urann, American Cranberry Exchange, C. M. Chaney; Ellis D. Atwood, rep- resentative of N. E. Cranberry Sales, who with Mr. Makepeace, representing Cranberry Canners, are Massachusetts delegates; Wis- consin, Charles L. Lewis, repre- senting Canneis, and Albert Hed- ler, Wisconsin Cranberry Sales; New Jersey, Isaac Harrison, rep- resenting Canners, and Theodore H. Budd, representing Growers' Cranberry Company. Mr. Chaney is not a grower, as is Mr. Urann and all other members. Chairman Atwood said the Committee is still organized, although the seven grower-members of the committee voted this individual action. Five Canners Meeting (Continued from Page 5) bers of Cranberry Canners, Inc., and resulted in 86 being recorded in favor, opposed none. The sec- ond was the same question to grow- ers who were not members of Can- ners, and to this nine were count- ed standing and again none op- posed. In concluding the meeting, Mr. Urann declared: "I feel there is going to be an over-all National Co-operative, and I feel certain it is going to be functioning this fall." This belief that there would be a national was expressed by others during the session. Mr. Urann, when opening the meeting at 10 o'clock, thanked the growers for their attendance, say- ing it was estimated that at least 75 who would have been present from the Cape had been prevent- ed from coming by a forest fire of the first magnitude which had been raging on the Cape for the past three days. He said the in- dustry was definitely "at the cross- roads" in its destiny. He pointed out that he believed there should be a national cooperative, combin- ing both fresh and processed fruit marketing, and said the matter had already been under considera- tion for a year, since the complet- ion of the Survey by Booz, Allen & Hamilton. He introduced Mr. Quarles to explain the details of the plan as it had been approved. Att'y Quarles Explains Mr. Quarles said: "To have a single co-operative seems so nat- urally the thing to do that you wonder why it was not done before, and today you have two cooper- atives which came about purely as an historical accident. It does not make sense to have two coop- eratives competing. To bring about one co-operative we have been proceeding by evolution, as recommended by the Survey, and not by revolution." He went on to explain the pro- posed "multiple unit" system, say- ing that in Massachusetts there could be a New England Sales Company and a Plymouth local, a Cape or Lower Cape unit, a Ware- ham unit, and these would assem- ble the berries in their particular Sir area, acting as collecting centers, and then the berries would be dis- posed of as directed by the Nat- ional— that is, either sold fresh or processed. There would be a board of di- rectors which would be based upon production as follows: for each "local", one for the first 25,000, another for the next 15,000, and an additional one for each 25,000 bar- rels after that. He said this pro- vision for a second director for the first 15,000 barrels of production after the first 25,000 was for the inclusion of the West Coast cran- berry states of Washington and Oregon with their lesser acreage as compared to the major produc- ing states. Under this board there would be an Executive committee of not more than five, which would be "on call", or virtually on the job much of the time to make nec- essary, quick decisions. These would allocate the crop, he said. There would be a president and three vice presidents so that each of the four major cranberry dis- tricts would be represented. A sales manager would have charge of di- rect sales of both fresh and pro- cessed cranberries. Participation of each member of the new over-all would be 100 per cent, but Canners would honor con- tracts now existing, until they ex- pire, he said. Discussing the physical assets and stock of CCI, he said the new over-all could issue cej-tificates for this. These assets of CCI, which are much greater than the physical assets of the American Cranberry Exchange, could be made a "re- tainer". This retainer or "revolv- ing fund" could pay a low rate of interest in certificate form, say 2 per cent, until the assets were en- tirely "revolved out of CCI and in- to the new single cooperative," which might be over ten years. CCI, he said, would become a sub- sidiary of the over-all, could be- come a division, or could be dis- solved entirely eventually. The cost of this absorbing of CCI as- sets, he said, might be 20-30 cents a barrel, "certainly not more than 50 cents." He stressed the simplicity of the plan and said details could be worked out later, but the main thing was to get started, decision to go ahead, howi must come from the "grass ro' that is, the growers themselvc J. C. Makepeace John C. Makepeace said,: ma a combined organization i natural that the idea does not for any explanation from He asserted that in the future fresh fi-uit market is to be r restricted, while in processing the best chances for profits growth. He said that thrc processing everything of valu the cranberry could be deveh and utilized.. He ended by stal 'If the consolidation does not c about at this time, in my judgn it will in a very short time. I it should be brought about n Wisconsin Directors Speak Charles L. Lewis of Wiscoi who, with Guy Potter and A Hedler, all directors of CCI, arrived shortly after the star the meeting, expressed "so thing" of the viewpoint of Wis sin, as he understood it. He in Wisconsin the main point the proper allocation of the c High demand for cranberries ( ing the war, he continued, had to serious competition betw CCI and the Exchange for the operative berries. "We see it absolutely necessary to get two together and allocate the c as seems best, highest quality the fresh market, the rest for j cessing. As Mr. Makepeace s: the National is a 'natural' for cranberry industry and we in V consin have been_ plugging foi with all our might. We are v sincei'e and very earnest, and. want to get going with the pla Mr. Hedler said the growers, producers, must have control canning. He said the million b rel crop was coming and soon, ; maybe more than a million bar , production. "I am for this ci splidation, heart and soul." Mr. Potter said he was thorou;. ly sold, on the proposition and could not understand why N England Cranberry Sales had v ed as the members did. He s; he thought of volume in Wiscon that 10 per cent might be agaii Ihe plan, but the other 90 w( thoroughly sold on the idea. "I can't guarantee anything for Wis- consin," he conclud.ed, "but I hope Wisconsin will go along anyway, and even if New England doesn't I think the over-all can still be made successful." Discussion Marshall Siebermann of Har- wich said the Lower Cape is "al- most entirely in favor." Franklin E. Smith, Boston At- torney and grower, raised the question, if 98 percent of the growers voted to combine would there be any danger from anti- trust laws? Mr. Quarles replied that was "no problem at all, as long as it was all in one co-opera- tive. What we can do as one co- operative, we can't do as two." Mr. Quarles asked for discussion from "the other side," and Harri- son Goddard, who said he was heartilly for the plan, brought up arguments which were being used against the proposal, a principal one of these was the "multiple local." This, he said, was desirable, rather than the reverse, and it would give any individual growers who did not wish to join either CCI or one of the State Companies of the Exchange the right to form a new local and join the big over- all. "Are we going to exclude these growers, or are we going to give them a chance to join with us?" he asked. He said Attorney Loos, representing the Exchange, had called this fact of mutiple locals, not a hindrance, but a distinct as- set to a co-t^erative. Mr. Quarles said he knew of no co-operative which did not permit locals, but all of the largest do. At this point, Mr. Quarles brought out that the proposal was that each local could determine how it would vote to elect its repre- senting directors, by "one-member, one vote," or on other basis. Mr. Hedler had suggested that members who wished might ask written questions and slips of paper were passed out. These were read and answered. These included qustions as to how the value of CGI assets would be determined, and Mr. Urann replied "by the board of directors or by an appraiser appointed by the directors." The real value of the stock to be held in the retainer was also included in the questions, and Mr. Urann told of the assets of Canners and said he could sell it for more than 125.00 a share very easily, if given authority to do so. Concluding disc*ussion was whether or not a sufficient control of cranberry production could be obtained without the inclusion of N. E. Sales in the over-all and Mr. Urann said careful survey of the situation showed there would be. "Cranberry-Apricot" Pie Lunch at 12:30 followed the ex- pression of opinion by vote. A feature of this was a desert of "cranberry-apricot" pie, which Mr. Urann had announced during the meeting was a new product which CCI had been working upon for three years, and the guests present would have the first opportunity to "test it," and decide how they en- joyed it. Many comments were that the new product was good. N. E. Sales Meeting (Continued from Page 5) such definite action as would pre- clude consideration of other plans. The motion of Mr. Trufant, which was voted 24 in favor and 14 opposed, was: "That the members of New Eng- land Cranberry Sales Company in- struct the Planning Committee to continue to work toward a plan similar to the original 'Benson Plan' ". President Ellis D. Atwood called the meeting at Carver Town Hall promptly at 9.30, an hour earlier than the usual time of annual meeting. In his "President's Ad- dress" Mr. Atwood, said: Remarks of the President "It is a pleasure to greet you on the 39th year of this company and especially the new members, as well as our friends and guests, and I trust you will enjoy our meeting. "This past season has been a successful one for our members by producing a fair-sized crop of cranberries of good quality with a demand exceeding the supply. "Considerable thought has been put into increasing the facilities for cellophane packing and some additional equipment has been pur- chased. Also the possibilities of the frozen fruit outlet have been considered to some extent. "This first year of serving as your president has been a busy one, as I had publicly pledged myself to d,o my utmost to bring about a closer cooperation between the Ex- change and the Cranberry Canners. Most of my efforts with this mat- ter has been done as a member of the Cranberry Industry Committee during its numerous meetings. This committee has had much val- uable assistance from planning committees of the three state companies. "With the capable advice of the most outstanding legal counsel on cooperatives in the country a plan of a Central National Cooperative Organization is now ready to present to you. This plan has been accepted by the board of directors of the Exchange and of Cranberry Canners and I believe indications point to its being generally accept- ed by the Growers Co. of New Jersey and the Wisconsin Cran- berry Sales Co. "It now rests largely with the action of our company whether our cooperative spirit shall remain within the confines of this present organization or be allowed to ex- tend into a larger field of cran- berry distribution to the greater good of all cranberry growers. "Due recognition should be giv- en Miss Pitman and Mr. Benson and the Middleboro office for the large amount of work and thought that they have rendered the com- mittee on this matter. "I ask you to give this new plan your earnest and unbiased consid- eration." A. D. Benson Arthur D. Benson, clerk and gen- eral manager, then suggested dis- cussion of the adoption of the plan and vote, which had been scheduled as the first matter on. the call for the meeting, be postponed while annual reports were being read, to give an opportunity for any late arrivals to be present before action on the plan was taken. Returning to article one, after these reports, Mr. Benson told, how Seven five district meetings had been called, this procedure having been decided upon as the fairest way to give all New England Sales Com- pany members the opportunity of hearing the plan thoroughly ex- plained, to understand fully what the adoption of the plan woulc mean to them, and to give ample discussion time in these limited group meetings. A total of 123 had attended these meetings, he said, and copies of the plan had been distributed for study at the members' leisure. Mr. Benson told how the Sales Company had come "a long way through four decades," and in this period of greatest prosperity of the industry there seemed "no reason for a survey which had planted, seeds of dissention in the indus- try." He said that if the Sales Company voted to consolidate one- third of its strength would definite- ly withdi-aw from the Company and so from the Exchange. He said New England was the "key to the situation." He said the "multiple Unit" plan which gave delegates to the Na- tional Board of Directors based upon production of large companies making up these units could de- prive smaller individual growers of their power of control of the National, thus over-riding the "one-member, one-vote principle of true co-operation. Discussion Discussion of the plan was be- gun by E. L. Bartholomew, who is a member of the New England delegation making up the sub- committee, which reported the plan to the Industry Committee of 8. He said the plan which had been presenter to the Committee had been practically the original "New England Plan", but substitutions had. been made in this which de- stroyed its intent, this being prin- cipally the provision for "multiple state units." This, to his min:), changed the whole democratic set- up, and he demandec: and woull continue to demand a co-operative based upon the principle of one- member, one-vote". Final author- ity in such matters rested in the membership of a co-operative. "We need a strong National Co- operative," he declared, and con- tinued, "as I have said before, if we can get it within three to five years we will be doing well in- deed. I hope we will not accept the present plan, but that does not mean some other and better plan cannot be adopted in time." Other speakers followed, the plan up for consideration being condemned from angles which touched upon the danger of "mo- nopoly," the condemned high cost of a national taking over the as- sets of Cranberry Canners, Inc., and stressed the fact that a co- operative must be democratic and all ultimate authority must rest upon the power of the individual vote. Speakers included L. B. R. Bar- ker, Lincoln Hall, Earl F. Board- way, Walter E. Rowley, Kenneth Garside. Mr. Barker said the in- d.ustry had been sailing along smoothly, "with crew and passen- gers happy," when it had been "hit by a tidal wave" and that wave came from the survey (Boos, Allen & Hamilton) which had originated with Cranberry Canners, Inc. He said the present proposal would do away, in actual practice, with the one-man, one-vote principle and "special privileges to none." He argued against the acquisition of the "hetei'ogeneous assortment of factories, warehouses and plants which had been acquired by Mr. Urann for Cranberry Canners, and the saddling of the Exchange with the purchase price of neai'ly $2,000,000 in physical assets and stock. "The young men of this organization have a wonderful heritage left by their fathers. Don't sell it for a mess of pot- tage." He concluded by saying he hoped the members would vote "No" to the particular plan before them, but added "some other plan might be all right." Mr. Boardway, after reading a letter written by Bernard Brazeau of Wisconsin, said the matter had actually simmered down to a battle of competition for cranberries be- tween the American Cranberry Ex- change and Cranberry Canners. He said Canners was demanding more and more of the crop every year and the Exchange must be preserved. Mr. Hall brought up the question of the cost of absorb- ing CCI into a National Co-oper- ative, and Mr. Benson replied that he figured it as $675,000 fcr N. E. Sales members, a debt which it would take 18 years to pay ofl". Kenneth Garside, asked for his opinion, said, hs felt the Exchange at the present time would only give "lip service" to the theory of an over-all cooperative, but the whole matter should not hs "chucked out of the win.ow", but referred back to the Committee of 8 for further consideration. C. M. Chaney Mr. Rowley said the Exchange "should get off' the fence" and should tell the members what its plans for the future are and where the ind,ustry was being led. C. M. Chaney in reply said the co-operative side of the industry could not expect to control 100 per cent or 90 per cent of the market- ing of the crop, but that 75 would probably be the most obtained and this v/ould leave the control of prices in the hands of the growers themselves, which was to the best interests of the industry. He said although he objected to the "mul- tiple unit" idea he had gone along with others of the Industry Com- mittee of Eight. If the members did not feel the present plan was the one they wanted it should be voted down, he said, but he thought a satisfactory plan for one over- all co-operative could eventually be worked out and the door should not be closed. He added there would always be so-called "com- mercial" Canners and independents, and 100 per cent co-operative ef- fort should not be expected.. Questioning by George Short at this point brought out before the meeting that there was a proposal to have the headquarters of the organization in Massachusetts, at Plymouth, rather than in New York. The motion for a vote was final- ly called by George Cowen, and it was taken with "Yes" or "No" printed upon slips of paper. Mr. Benson, in his report as treasurer, commented upon the fact that this was the 40th annual meeting of the New England Cranberry Sales Company. He re- ported that in the past season the Eight Sales Company had handled 150,- 552 barrels of which 22,226 had gone to canners. Of these 95,354 were Blacks, 48,500 Howes, and 9,700 odd. He said the Exchange had returned an average gross of $20.77 to N. E. members, but can- ners had been more fortunate this year. He said the Sales Company had screened berries for 180 dif- ferent members and, the Company had given a total of $150,000 value In direct services to its members. Of the future, he spoke of pre- packaging and of the purchasing of three new packaging machines and of one which can make its own cellophane bags. In the ab- sence of Paul Thompson, chairman of the auditing committee, he read the auditors' report. Mr. Chaney said that freezing will effect both fresh and processed berries, as cranberries are a "nat- ural" for freezing. He spoke of the great interest in commercial and home freezers. In his report he said pre-packing was so grow- ing in popularity that the time would soon be at hand when prac- tically all berries for ' the fresh market would be pre-packaged. In telling of the tremendous de- mand for cranberries since the start of the war, and the develop- ment of many new outlets, it was impossible to say what proportion of the 1945 crop had been pro- cessed and. which sold fresh, but he would estimate 50-50, with the possibility that more had been processed in one form or another than had been sold fresh. He said the fresh fruit market did not show the net profit that pi'ocessing did because of the early imposing of a fresh fruit ceiling. He said the combined Exchange average for 1945 was $20.84, the second highest on record, and fresh cran- berries had "hit the ceiling" and could go no higher. He urged the appointment of a committee to go to Washington to appear before OPA to discuss the 1946 ceiling, if one is to be imposed again. E. C. McGrew, Assistant General Manager, spoke of the relations of the Exchange with the cranberry trade and said it continued excel- lent, although the Exchange had not been able to begin to satisfy I the demand from all purchasers and had turned down many new accounts wanting to buy cranber- ries. Miss Grace M. White of Batten, Barton, Durstine & Osborn, Inc., New York advertising agency, told the growers of the value of an established brand-mark, such as "Eatmor Cranberries." She said the co-operative had an extremely valuable asset in this trade name. Following her talk, it was voted to continue advertising, and to ap- propriate not in exxcess of 48 cents a barrel for this purpose. Stanley Benson mace a concise report upon the workers from British Honduras and urged grow- ers to apply for local help first through "USES." Election • Directors elected were announced just before the close of the meet- ing, about 4.30, results of the bal- loting being: District 1 (Hanson, Pembroke, Marshfield, Duxbury, Kingston, Plympton) — Fred L. Bailey, Ken- neth 0. Garside, Lincoln Hall, Paul E. Thompson. District 2 (Plymouth)— L. B. R. Barker, George Briggs, Edward S. Griffith, Robert C. Hammond, George E. Short. District 3 (Micdleboro) — John G. Howes, Albert A. Thomas. District 4 (Carver)— Ellis D. At- wood, F. H. Cole, Homer L. Gibbs, Ruel S. Gibbs, Carroll D. Griffith, Bernard E. Shaw, Kenneth E. Shaw, Russell Trufant, Roger Wes- ton. District 5 (Assonet, Freetown, Lakeville, Rochester, Taunton and Marion — Arthur D. Benson, George A. Cowen, Herbert E. Dustin, Na- hum Morse. District 6 (Wareham)— E. L. Bartholomew, Carleton Hammond, Arthur E. Bullock, Joseph L. Kel- ley. District 7 (Barnstable County) — J. Foxcroft Carleton, Louis A. Crowell, William E. Crowell, El- nathan E. Eldredge, Walter E. Rowley. Mr. Benson was re-elected clerk, treasurer and manager. The di- rectors, in the usual meeting fol- lowing the members' meeting, elected officers. Ellis D. Atwood, renominated for president, declined to accept the hdnor for another year, saying his health and other matters to attend to would not permit him the time necessary for the work. Vice President George Short, who was re-elected to that position, nomi- nated George A. Cowen of Roches- ter, who was elected. Mr. Cowen has long served the company as a director and has been a member for more than 30 years. Nominations for directors to the American Cranberry Exchange by members and elected by the direc- tors are: Ellis D. Atwood, L. B. R. Barker, George E. Short, Arthur D. Benson, George Cowen, Homer L. Gibbs, George Briggs. N. E. DIRECTORS DISCUSS CONSOLIDATION AND PRICE CEILINGS The cirectors of New England Cranberry Sales Company, at a meeting April 29th, discussed the consolidation of cooperatives as proposed, and also appointed a committee to work with the Amer- ican Exchange or others in a pro- gram to present the cranberry situation from the industry point of view before OPA as concerns price ceilings. The directors heard the report of Ellis D. At- wood, chairman and one of the delegates from Massachusetts, on the Industry Committee of 8, re- garding the latest meeting of that committee in New York, April 24. GODDARD RESIGNS FROM N. E. SALES Harrison F. Goddard of Ply- mouth has resigned as a director of the New England Cranberry Sales Company and withdrawn the membership interests which he represents. This withdrawal fol- lowed the annual meeting of April 18th. CAPE COD COMPANY AND STOKELY TO CAN THIS FALL The joint Stokely and Cape Cod Company ad on page 30 of this issue confirms the story in the trade that the Cape Cod Company and the Stokely Company will be in the market again for berries this fall. Nine Jesse A. Holmes & Son Typify Importance Box Industry Has Been To Cranberry Crowing Carver Center Firm, F. H. Cole and Others Factor in Econ- omy of Massachusetts Cranberry Area — Views Cello- phane Package Trend Without Happiness — Late P. J. Holmes Reputed First to Make Cranberry Barrel — Jesse and Son, Norman, Closely Associated with "Cranberry- ing" By CLARENCE J. HALL The wooden container, of one sort or another — from the old full barrel itself, to the half barrel box, the popular quarter, the eighth and even the sixteenth; the harvest and storage box — has since earliest times of cranberrying been an important cog in the cranberry wheel. Pioneer growers reclaimed sugar barrels to hold cranberries; in the middle of the last century Cape Cod cranberries were packed in little wooden kegs made at Dennis and filled with water and shipped around "the Horn" and to England. Following the close of the Civil War, in 1871, P. J. Holmes, veteran of that struggle, returned to Carver, Mass., and began to make barrels specifically for cranberries. He was reputedly the first to do so, at least in the Plymouth County area which has since become the leading cran- berry producing center. Since then the Holmes family, his son, Jesse A., and the latter's son, Norman V., has been a substantial contributor to the Massachusetts cranberry industry, through the providing of wooden shipping and harvesting containers. What the immediate future may hold, with the rising popularity of the cellophane - wrapped pound package of cranberries, and other possibilities of postwar packaging is a problem confronting box manu- facturers. This article, however, concerns the firm of Jesse A. Holmes & Son of Carver Center, its rble in the industry and Mr. Holmes and Noi-man as individuals, both widely and favorably known to most Massachusetts growers. The labors of Jesse A. Holmes & Son, and in particular of "Son" Norman, during the war to help ob- tain a sufficient quantity of ship- ping boxes to get the Massachu- setts crop to market after it was grown, are fresh in the memories of the growers of Plymouth County area. Holmes, and F. H. Cole, box manufacturers of North Carver (the latter firm with mill interests dating back to 1707) working in close hai-mony, supplied a large proportion of Massachusetts cran- berry containers, an estimated 85 percent. More than these two firms worked for the growers also, to prevent wastage of the crop from a failure of shipping boxes to get it to market after harvested. But these two carried a substantial part of the load and the eff'ort was spearheaded during the most critical periods by Norman. He worked in good team play with New England Cranberry Sales Company and other shippers. Norman Led Wartime Box Effort A young man with a great deal of hard "drive," Norman made trips to Washington, one at a particular- ly crucial time, with E. C. McGrew, American Cranberry Exchange, conferring with Government offi- cials. He explained the acute sit- uations developing, to growers at Plymouth County club meetings, and urged anticipation of need for boxes, well in advance of harvest. This was before he, himself, was inducted into service, for a relative- ly short time of nine months, when he trained with Combat Engineer units at Camp Croft, North Caro- lina, and Fort Mead, Maryland. He was released last summer and re- turned to the Carver box mill. Throughout most of the war, the Holmes plant ran 60-65 % Govern- ment orders, with the permitted opportunity to make cranberry boxes only on a limited basis. Cranberry boxes, during much of the war "enjoyed" a rather low priority rating. Norman took it upon himself to see that the firm put in every possible hour at turn- ing out cranberry boxes that Gov- ernment allowed. This was also at a time, of course, when labor was all but unobtainable, both in the woods getting logs, and at the mill. Norman had to scout far and wide to get enough lumber to make the necessary shooks. P. J., whose first name was Phil- ander, which he never used, will be recalled by some of the older growers. As befoi'e stated, tradi- tion has it, this Carver man was the first to make a barrel especially for cranberry shipping. Jesse says that has always been the undis- puted story, and he will accept it as fact, until proof to the contrary is brought forward. The location of the mill labors of P. J. Holmes was the site at West Carver, or Quitticus, which had been used for mill purposes since away back, as it supplied water power. There had been a grist mill to which farmers from miles around had come to get their corn and other grain ground. Incidentally, these old mill stones from West Carver have subsequently been re- moved and are now in Shurtleff Park, Carver Center, where they are of historic interest to Carver visitors, especially at "Carver Old Home Day." As this was one of the earlier mills of Carver, among those interested in the mill rights which provided the grist mill and later the box and stave mill were those with familiar old Carver names, Alvin Perkins, Joseph Shaw, Nathaniel Shaw, Lucius Atwood, Cook Bent, Isaac Morse, and Joseph Holmes. The mill and site finally came to settle in the Holmes family, which is one of the earlier in Carver, Jesse having deeds to Carver property which go back in- to the 1600's. Present Location In 1929 Jesse operated there until 1929 when he moved his box factory business to the present site, buy- ing this location from Levi 0. At- Tmi wood, who previously had bought the so-called "Center Mill" from the T. T. Vaughan interests. This later mill had previously been on the Weweantic River at the "Old Forge Dam," a short distance northeast, in back of the present Holmes mill, which is adjacent to Carver Town Hall. Two mills had anciently been operated there, one on each side of the river and both by water power. Today the business of Jesse A. Holmes & Son is entirely operated by electricity, but this is power which the firm provides for itself, from three Caterpillar diesel en- gines. The box mill is 140 ft. long, 60 ft. wide, and has modern box- making equipment. This mill is operated directly by its own diesel electric plant. Two saw mills are operated by direct belt drive from two other Caterpillar diesels. The older mill is the short log saw-mill, where most of the lumber for cranberry boxes is sawed. The new one is for long lumber entirely. This lumber is being used for both boxes and building purposes. The Holmes firm, in view of the trend toward use of fewer boxes because of the cellophane package, as a hedge to- ward the future, is even now ex- panding into a complete line of building lumber supplies and also new home construction, with plans ready to put up five homes of native pine in Middleboro for vet- eran preference under Veterans' Housing Administration. The firm is also making containers for other fruits, including apple boxes, but its "love" has been cranberry boxes, and it wants to continue faithful, unless the cellophane trend steps in too strongly. The entire plant has a capacity of about 300,000 boxes annually, both picking and shipping. At full operations about 50 are employed, these woi'kers consisting of about 30 at the mills and 20, including truckers, in the woods. This spring there was on hand a supply of near- ly 1,000,000 board feet, logs and lumber, all native white pine. White pine is at times imported from New Hampshire, 50,000 feet having been brought in during a single month. CRANBERRfES PHOTO TOP — OFFICE BUILDING BOTTOM— BOX MILL Box Firms Important In Carver Economy The payroll at Holmes goes as high as §50,000 a year, and it is estimated as many as 100 families of the area, more or less, depend upon the Holmes firm and F. H. Cole, the two firms being approxi- mately similiar in scope of opera- tions. This is mentioned to show that the making of cranberry pick- ing and shipping boxes plays an important part in the economy of this most vital of cranberry re- gions. Jesse Holmes is a small cran- berry grower, himself, and for many years has been a member and director of the New England Cranberry Sales Company. Jesse is a member of the Cape Cod Cran- berry Growers' Association and Cranberry Club. The Holmes are closely identified with cranberry growing. A number of the employes of Jesse A. Holmes & Son have been with the firm for many years. Luther E. Thomas has been em- ployed 47 years; M. C. Jeiferson, for 40 years, until very recently. The general superintendent is Everett Cassidy, who has been with Holmes for 30 years. The saw mill and logging super- intendent is James E. Thomas, Jr., a young man, like Norman, just out of service. Beginning cran- berry work for the J. J. Beaton in- terests, he transferred to Holmes. He entered service as a private and came out master sergeant, having been in the Second Armored Divi- sion. While in service overseas he married an Irish girl, the bride to join him in this country shortly. He is also a beginning cranberry grower, having about four acres of bog at Beaver Brook in Carver. Norman Active In Many Things Norman, born in 1911, has been interested in the box mill business Eleven TOP — LUMBER SAW MILL CRANBERRIES PHOTO BOTTOM — BOX SAW MILL all his life. He graduated from Plymouth High School and then attended Burdett Business School, Boston, for two year, after which he first actually went into the business on a full-time basis. He learned the game from the hard end up, working in all jobs from wood chopping and carting logs through to the bookkeeping end. His father made him a full part- ner in January of last year, after his discharge from service, and since then he has actually taken over much of the management. Norman, with his restless energy, has gone into the work with enthu- siasm. During his school days his sport was basketball and he has played the game professionally. He was chief of the Carver Fire de- partment when he went into ser- vice; for a number of years be- fore having been an active force Twelve in the building up of this volunteer protective group, volunteer fire de- partments in rural communities performing a function which makes the community a much safer place to build a home and conduct a busi- ness. For 12 years, he has been a member of Plymouth County Fire Wardens' Association and is a past president. He is a member of the Kiwanis Club of Middleboro and has held various chairs in the Plymouth Masonic Lodge. He is a past mas- ter of South Carver Grange. He is Carver town moderator, a major position in New England townships. The firm is a member of Eastern Wooden Box Association, and he is a director of that organization, the territory which he represents being most of Massachusetts south and East of Boston to the Rhode Island line. Clambakes Side-Line Hobby As a rather unusual combination of business and hobby, Norman, with Perez Shurtleff', is engaged ;n '■putting on clam bakes," to use the New England expression. That is. Holmes & Shurtleff" prepare clam- bakes for various oganizations. He worked into this originally because of the necessity of a bake being provided for "Carver Old Home Day." From doing that, he began putting on bakes for the Wankin- qjoah Rod and Gun Club. Some of the Wisconsin cranberry growers well remember with mix- ed emotions, the bake, served in the pouring rain under the trees in back of Carver Town hall during their visit East in 1941. It was Holmes & ShurtlelT who put the bake on. Beautiful weather is us- ually ordered and delivered for "Carver Old Home Day," but that 1 articular occasion was a rare ex- ception. Holmes and Shurtleff" extended into giving bakes for the annual Augjst meetings of the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association, and then went into putting on bakes for other occasions. It got so (be- fore the war interrupted) Holmes ml Shurtle 7 were serving bakes rll over Massachusetts, including Xarthas Vineyard, south into Eh'd:? I.'^land, and north into Maine. In fact the business had such grow- in-? possibilities that it kept Nor- man on the gallop for as much of the time as he could give to it. He rather regards the clambake busi- ness as in danger of becoming his Frankenstein — requiring so much time and attention that this side li!i2 business-hobby which was built up, could dominate over his box manufacturing interests. This he does not intend to have happen. For a real hobby, Norman likes to hunt and fish. Every fall he m-'k.s a hunting trip to Maine and exovy year he has gotten his deer and one year a large black bear, lie goes deep into the Maine woods, nrar the Brunswick line. Every s' ring he tries to make a fishing trip for a few days, also to Maine, after salmon and trout. Jesse Carver Selectman In his life of many activities and inttrcits, Norman is but following a path laid out by Jesse. Mr. Holmes is chairman of the Carver Board of Selectmen, a position he was held for the past 15 years, and by virtue of Carver town by-laws, he is also officially chief of police, although a deputy does most of the actual police work. He is presi- dent of the "Carver Old Home Day" association. He is a member of the same Masonic Lodge in Ply- mouth, a member of the Lions Club of Middleboro, a charter member of Carver Grange, director of Middleboro Co-operative Bank, and ■ also a member of its Security Board and a trustee of Plymouth Five Cents Savings Bank. The Holmes, father and son, with P. J. before them, have played a helpful role in Plymouth County cranberry growing and in the com- munity life of the area which is the heart of the cranberry indus- try. C.C.C.G.A. Dinner-Social (Continued from Page 4) dustry was smaller had as many as 400 membei's, he continued and through its strength in 1910, was chiefly responsible for the estab- lishment of the cranberry sub- station of Massachusetts State College at East Wareham. He told how, under President Homer Gibbs in 1945, the urgent need of an agronomist had been bi'ought for- ward and the Station had been given Dr. Fred Chand'er; of how last winter the need of Dr. Berg- man to supervise studies and tests in oxygen deficiency of flood water had developed and he had been assigned to this work in Massachu- setts for the period of time neces- sary. President Short referred to the meeting of Upper Cod Club (page 19) at which a campaign for the raising of funds for a new auto- mobile at the Station had been started. He called upon Dr. Chandler for a statement regard- ing the need of more equipment at the station. He said there was definitely a lack of sufficient lab- oratory and other equipment, and less work would be done in the very important season ahead than cou'd be accomplished with more equip- ment. "You have four college profes- An unscheduled feature of the social was singing by "Little Billy" Leleney, nephew of grower Peter A. LeSage CRANBERRIES PHOTO _L. sors there at the Station," said Marcus L. Urann, "four very learned scientists, and no tools to work with. One reason for our increasing crops has been the work of Dr. Franklin and the others at the State bog. If a man has an acre of cranberry bog, it is worth §10 to him to have Dr. Franklin at his service. If we need |5,000 or §10,000 to give this station and these men the proper tools, let's raise it. Let each grower send in $10. See that these men get the auto and the equipment they need." Mr. Urann moved a committee of five be appointed by the Chair and that "a real job be done." Mr. Short said this would be taken care of, and a committee was soon to be named.. Stanley Benson spoke briefy on the labor situation and the import labor from British Honduras, urging gi'owers to apply for need- ed help through United States Em- ployment Offices. Assisting Chairman Makepeace was Melville C. Beaton, treasurer. The affair had been held in co- operation of the four cranberry clubs. Those seated at two head tables inc'uded Mr. Kitchen, John C. Makepeace, Marcus L. Urann, Mr. and Mrs. Russell Makepeace, C. M. Chaney, Fred Chandler, Mrs. Chandler, Mr. and Mrs. George Short, Mr. C. D. Hammond Jr., C. D. Hammond, president Southeastern Club, and Mrs. Hammond; Orrin C. Colley, pi-esident South Shore, and Mrs. Colley; Everett Howes, president Lower Cape Club; Presi- dent John F. Shields, Upper Club, and Mrs. Shie'ds; association direc- tors, Paul Thompson, Mr. and Mrs. Chester Vose, Mr. and Mrs. Harri- son Goddard, Homer Gibbs, secre- tary L. C. Hall, Barnstable County Agent Bertram Tomlinson, Ply- mouth County Agent J. Richard Beattie, and Ass'n. Agent Mark G. D. Devereaux and Mrs. Devereaux. Dr. and Mrs. Chandler and Mr. and Mrs. Joseph L. Kelley of the station were guests of honor. Dr. Franklin being away on vacation. A catered roast beef dinner was served at 6:30, 319 tickets taken up, and after the address, growers and guests enjoyed dancing until 11 o'clock. MEMORIAL DAY 1946 We, as a nation and as a people, stand in reverent salute to the heroes of the world, living and dead, who made this day a peacetime Memorial Day. Our Resolution is that this Peace must be a Permanent Peace This is the 47th in a series of messages, sponsored by the following public-spirited firms and individuals. Slocum-Cibbs Cranberry Co. RUEL S. GIBBS. Gen. Mgr. Jesse A. Holmes & Son Sawmills at Carver, Mass. Tel. Carver 10-3 CRANBERRIES MAGAZINE Decas Cranberry Company Growers and Shippers of CAPE COD CRANBERRIES Wareham, Mass. THIS SPACE OPEN TO YOU Acushnet Saw Mills Co. New Bedford, Mass. GOOD WOOD BOXES Est. 1865 L. B. R. BARKER Buzzards Bay Mass. H. R. BAILEY CO. South Carver, Mass. ELLIS D. ATWOOD South Carver, Mass. Fourteen ^ditMals ISSUE OF MAY, 1946 Vol. 11 No. 1 ^^H^^lOl«LC««e£RRr«^^' CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS CLIMAX IS AT HAND 4 major topic whenever cranberry grow- J\ ers get together right now is the sit- uation which has developed since the Booz, Allen & Hamilton Survey was formally presented to Cranberry Canners, Inc., and the American Cranberry Exchange about a year ago. This subject supersedes crop prospects and "the weather," whether the growers are within the cooperative fold or independents. It is no mistake to say the industry is at a point in its life when the decisions made now and carried out by the cooperatives will effect the industry as a whole in many vitally important ways. Differences of opinion on the proposi- tion concerning the present "plan" and the single "National Co-operative," have brought the matter to a climax, and finds the situation in a chaotic condition. It is rather like the scientific problem of what happens when the irresistible force meets the immovable body. An answer to this problem has been given as to what does happen and this answer may or may not be "scientific," but it is, "heat is gener- ated." Certain it is that the whole proposition has now reached a climax of uncertainty and even apprehension as to the future, which for the best interests of the whole industry, should not be prolonged. 'DECONTROL" ISN'T it nice that cranberries have be- come so popular that of all the berries cranberries are the only one OPA has not yet "dared" to "decontrol?" The point seems to be made that if there is no ceiling the scramble for cranberries, especially at holiday time, could force the price sky high and result in a clamor of protest to OPA — assuming that body is still in action by fall. Incidentally, that's an interesting and unusual word, "decontrol," which OPA has now brought into play. It could prove to be one of the best-liked words in the book, if Government would extend this practice of "decontrol," to include the average man from the snarl and snaggle of regulations which still hamper him.. Subscription $2. BO per year Advertising rates upon application Editor and Publisher CLARENCE J. HALL LEMUEL C. HALL Associate Editor CORRESPONDENTS-ADVISORS Wisconsin VERNON GOLDSWORTHY Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin Washington-Oregon J. D. CROWLEY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. ETHEL M. KRANICK Bandon, Oregon Massachusetts DR. HENRY J. FRANKLIN Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. BERTRAM TOMLINSON rii, Barnstable County Agricultural Agent ' ' ' Barnstable, Mass. '•' "• New Jersey CHARLES A. DOEHLERT, . Acting Chief, _ ■' New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station, Pemberton, New Jersey ROOT GRUB CAMPAIGN IS ON THE campaign in Massachusetts and particularly in Plymouth County, against the increasing inroads of the Cran- berry Root Grub, is on. This project, led by Plymouth County Agent' J. Richard Beattie, and headed by a committee of growers, began May first. This isa pro- ject which, like a Victory Loan campaign during the war, is a matter for everyone, and has no "party affiliations." Fifteen Foresight is STILL necessary THIS IS THE TIME to plan for Pumps and Dusters — to lay preliminary plans for screenhouse equipment. Remember SUPPLIES ARE STILL LIMITED. Season's Supply of Scoops Now Completed HAYDEN SEPARATOR MANUFACTURING CO. E. C. St. Jacques WAREHAM, MASS. MASS. CI CRANBERRY TRAINING By JACK STURTEVANT (Editor's Note; The following was pre- pared by Mr. Sturtevant, Program Ap- proval Agent, for the information of growers and interested Ex-Service men at the request of CRANBERRIES). The in-service training program, as set up under Federal Public Law 346, familiarly known as the G. I. Bill of Rights, is rapidly getting underway in the cranberry indus- try. This despite the fact that many growers and veterans are still confused as to what the re- quirements are and what procedure one must follow to qualify. The following paragraph will be writ- ten in an attempt to explain some of the requirements of the pro- gram. THE GROWER The grower must first have his operation approved as an in-ser- vice training agency. To qualify he must have an adequate opera- tion, approximately 15 or more aires of bog per trainee. He must be willing to craw up and submit a training outline that he will fol- low in teaching the veteran all the operation necessary to qualify as foreman, manager or owner-oper- ator. He must apply to the near- est approval agent and fill out an application for approval. This ap- plication, along with duplicate cop- ies of the training outline, are then forwarded, to the State Dept. Sixtean of Education, Vocational Division, 200 Newbury St., Boston, where they are approved by the Board of Collegiate Authority. The papers are then forwarded by that ag- ency to the Veteran's Administra- tion where the grower is regis- tered as an approved training agency for the number of trainees that his operation is deemed ad.e- quate to train. In brief, the grow- ers' procedural steps are: 1. Pile Application for Approv- al with Mr. Jack Sturtevant, U. S. Employment Offices. 2. Compile a list of operations performed on the bogs on which the veteran will be trained. This to be made out in triplicate, with the growers keeping one copy and filing two copies with his Applica- tion for Approval. 3. Start following the training program as outlined. 4. Have available for inspection by Veterans' Administration rep- resentative one copy of the train- ing outline for each trainee and a copy of the Certificate of Eligibil- ity and Entitlement for each trainee, this to be obtained, by the veteran. THE VETERAN The veteran must be willing to follow a training program and must have a grower who is willing to administer the program. He then goes to the nearest Veterans' Administration oflfice and files form 1950 requesting such train- ing. At that time he will be asked to show his discharge papers to verify his service record. Sub- sequently he will be issued, by the Veterans' Administration a copy of form 1903 known as the Certificate of Eligibility and Entitlement which he will endorse and file with the grower or company supervisor of training. Upon completion of these papers his only obligation is to follow faithfully the training program. The Veterans' Administration The Veterans' Administration will, upon completion of all the papers, start supplementing the veteran's pay with subsistence al- lowances. The allowances not to exceed $90 per month for a mar- ried man and $65 a month for a single man. The amount of sub- sistence paid to any individual veteran to be calculated on the basis of the pay he is actually earning and the normal wage paid for the position for which he is training. For example, if a vet- eran is training to become a fore- man and the normal wage for the position is S200 a month, if he is actually earning $100 a month the Veterans Administration will add the full $90 or $65 to his pay. How- ever, if his wage should be in- creased to $140 a month then the (Continued on Page 18) A Glance at the Record . . . The New England Cranberry Sales Company 1. Developed the first detailed plan for an over-all "one man — one vote" National Cooperative. (Authorized by vote of members June 22, 1945). 2. Approved for submission to other regions the first plan for such an over-all National Cooperative. (Vote of member:hip August 17. 1945.) 3. Disapproved a different plan, which would weaken the Sales Company by setting up strong competitors in their midst, market- in.^ under their present national trademark. (Vote of membership April 18, 1946.) 4. Instructed the proper committee to work toward a plan more in accordance with its original plan. (Vote of membership April 18, 1946.) This is the record of the official action of the membership of the Sales Company and is confirmed by many corresponding votes of its Directors. The Sales Company does not feel that any plan labeled "over-all National Cooperative" is placed beyond criticism by having that label tacked onto it. It feels the details should be subject to inspection, dis- cussion, and possible modification. THIS SALES COMPANY IS NOT OPPOSED TO AN OVER- ALL NATIONAL COOPERATIVE. NEW ENGLAND CRANBERRY SALES CO. 9 Station Street MIDDLEBORO, MASSACHUSETTS Dear Cranberry Grower In our own business we are now in a very prosperous era. I hope you cranberry growers will pursue the same course and will not allow any one man or group of men to make a competitive attempt to snatch each other's customers through violent price operations or new organi- zations. I realize that I can't foretell what will happen. I do not believe we will have any problems with over-production for some time to come. If we have a sound objective to expand our business we will find an opportunity for new markets which today are not saturated. Through active selling we will create new wealth, regardless of any problems which may appear in the immediate future. KEEP SMILING. PLYMOUTH Tel. 740 Peter A. LeSage YARMOUTH Hyannis 201 GI Training (Continued from Page 16) subsistence would be cut to $60 a month so that his pay will never total more than the pay for the job for which he is training. The program cannot be set up for a period to exceed 24 months and can be terminated, at any time at the election of either the veteran or the grower by filing notice with the Veterans' Ac ministration. Sources of Additional Information Vocational Division State Dept. of Education 200 Newbury St., Boston Veterans' Administration 17 Court St., Boston (or any local office) U. S. Employment Office New Bedford or Brockton AgTicultural Dept. MiddJeboro High School Midc'leboro (Note: Forms can be obtained at the above sources). Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK At ScreenhouseB, Bogs and Pumps Means Satisfaction ALFRED PAPPI WAREHAM. MASS. Tal. 626 ARimS-Ti'iler 1—— THE MOST COMPLETE l'iNE OF TILLAGE EQUIPMENT IN THE WORLD CA PACITIES 14 IN TO 7 FT CUTTING WIDTHS ARIENS CO. . .„, BRILLION, WIS THOMAS BROTHERS General Contractors MIDDLEBORO, MASS. Tel. Mid,Gleboro 772 Concrete Flumes and Pumpwells Transit Mix Concrete Complete Line of Construction Equipment Excavating - Grading - Hauling Leave the Tough Jobs for Us Our Experience is Your Guarantee EtehtecQ We are "All Set" to serve Massachusetts Growers * WITH ANY JOB OF BOG RENOVATION. * NEW BOG CONSTRUCTION * BOG MAINTENANCE We have Power Shovels (3) ; Tractor Bulldozers (3) ; Cranes, Scrapers, 90- Yard Screener; Power Winches, Dragg'ers; Road Grader — 30 competent Oper- ators and employes— AND THE NECESSARY EXPERIENCE AND KNOW- HOW. E. T. Cault Transportation Co. Franconia Service Station Freight Transportation (including cranberries in season). Heavy equipment hauling. Tel. 227 Franconia Coal Co. Water-White Kerosene for Weed Control this spring. Tel. 39-R Tires, Tubes, Batteries, Auto and Truck Re- paii'ing and Greasing. Jenney Gasoline and Motor Oils. Distributors for MACK ani3 INTERNATIONAL TRUCKS Tel. 39-R CAULT CONSTRUCTION COMPANY "EDDIE" T. GAULT, JR. Main St., Wareham, Mass. Tel. 227 Cape Clubs Hold Final Meetings Upper Cape Promotes Pro- posal for Auto for Use of Experiment Station — Fred A. Eldridge, Jr., New Pres- ident Lower Group A spontaneous project for a new automobile for use of Dr. Frank- lin and other members of the staff at East Wareham Experiment Sta- tion was started rolling at final winter meeting of Upper Cape Cod Cranberry Club, when M. L. Urann suggested a car be bought and donated by the growers. This followed remarks which have been made by Dr. Franklin that the Sta- tion in the season ahead, which is expected to be a particularly busy one, might be handicapped by shortage of necessary means of transportation. Mr. Urann said he personally wouM start the fund with $100. James W. Freeman of Sandwich then moved the club make a con- tribution if in financial condition to do so, and Treasurer Jesse Mur- ray said $50 could be spared. This was voted. President John F. Shields then appointed Bertram Ryder to have charge of this fund for the club. At this final meeting, Bruce Hall, Cotuit, April 8th, preceded by a chicken supper, officers for ensuing year were elected, the old slate be- ing returned with the exception of Mr. Murray as treasurer, A'ton Crocker being elected. Mr. Shields continues president, Robert T. Handy, vice president, William Foster, secretary, and directors, Malcolm Ryder, James Freeman, Nathan Nye and Seth Collins. Lower Cape, Dennis Grange Hall, April 10, with meeting pre- ceding a lunch, elected: Fred A. Eldridge Jr., Dennisport, president, succeeding G. Everett Howes, who had served two terms; vice presi- dent is Brant D. Ellis, Dennis; secretary - treasurer, Calvin" El- dredge, Pleasant Lake, re-elected; directors, George Bearse, Chatham; Robert W. Chase, West Harwich, Maurice Lee, Brewster, Herman S. J. Loud, Dennis; Raymond Sya- jala, Hyannis. There were 75 at the meeting, a record attendance. and 11 new members signed during the evening. The new president, Mr. Eldridge, is a Selectman of Dennis and has been a grower for about eight years with bogs in Dennis. County Agent Bertram Tomlin- son, at both meetings, explained the Root Grub campaign which is to be undertaken in Massachusetts and asked if the Cape club mem- bers felt the necessity of taking part in a program to control this pest, which is admittedly much less serious on the Cape than in Ply- mouth. There is no Root Grub east of Yarmouth in the opinion of Dr. Franklin. At Cotuit, Tomlinson suggested a show of hands of those who had Root Grub and felt Barnstable County should take part along with Plymouth. Of about 60 grow- ers present ten raised hands. This justified participation, and Presi- dent Shields appointed a commit- tee of William Foster, Seth Collins and Robert Handy to co-operate. Lower Cape club also joined up in the Root Grub project, Tomlin- son explaining that while Dr. Franklin said there were none of Nineteep these pests east of Bass river at present as far as known, they could cross, just as they crossed the canal, and it was well for the grow- ers to be able to recognize the in- sect if it should appear on their bogs and to know about control measures. The president was in- structed to appoint a committee of three to represent the Lower Cape club in the campaign. Featured speaker at both meet- ings was Mr. Urann of CCI. He gave somewhat similiar talks to those presented late in Mai'ch be- fore Plymouth County clubs. He emphasized new products, a half dozen, he said which will be devel- oped from the cranberry and an- nounced when the time comes. He considered the growing use of cellophane as a package for cran- berries, and spoke of the trend to- ward frozen foods, but said frozen cranberries would positively not compete with canned cranberry sauce or the fresh fruit market. but would supplement. Dr. Franklin (at Cotuit only) explained the new insect chart as he had previously to Plymouth County growers, and remarked that it definitely was time the "quietus" was put upon the girdler, which has been multiplying through wartime neglect and the ideal con- trol for that is pyi-ethrum which is again available in quantity. He also urged flooding for girdler by the 10th of September, at least on bogs which have Early Blacks. He said this insect eats relatively little during the summer, but between Sept. 10th and the 25th it does its "worst chewing." Emile C. St. Jacques, Hayden Mfg. Co. of Wareham, was forced to revise his generally cheerful prospect of equipment and supplies slightly as concerns steel, this be- ing due to the coal strike. Lumber continues critical, as everybody knows, he said. At the Dennis meeting County Agent Tomlinson did "pinch-hit- ting" duty for Dr. Franklin in the explanation of the chart. Dr. Fred Chandler repeated his paper on "How the Cranberry Plant Grows." Congressman Charles L. Gifford, honorary president of Upper Cape club spoke briefly at Cotuit, in the course of his talk saying that he felt taxation of cooperatives was bound to come, even though he would oppose the measure. Such action was coming by Congress, he believed, because of the present rush to become a co-operative by so many organizations, including corporations, doing this solely for the purpose of gaining- the tax ex- emption. He paid a glowing trib- ute to Mr. Urann, following the latter's address at Cotuit. Willard A. Munson, director of Massachusetts Extension Service was a speaker at Dennis, represent- ing Governor Tobin's Committee to provide food for the starving mil- SS^iMjB For the Control of Cranberry Weevil and Fruit Worm STAUFFER KNAPSACK DUSTER Easy to Fill — Easy to Operate Easy to Carry — Easy to Repair For all Dry Dusting Magnetic Natural Cryolite is an effective fluorine insecticide available in sufficient quantities to meet your pest control requirements. This natural cryolite has high toxicity and contains at least 90 '^7 sodium flualuminate. There is no shortage of "Magnetic" Natural Cry- olite, and we invite cranberry growers in all sections to write to our nearest office for complete information. The Stauffer Knapsack Duster is the newest de- velopment in dusting equipment — an easily operated, portable all-purpose duster. The duster is attached to the back with wide shoulder straps and the padded back rest makes it fit comfortably, leaving both hands free for efficient operation. A lever on the right side easily operates the bellows, screen, and Row of dust. It will handle every type of dry insecticide and fungi- cide. Available through your dealer or Write our nearest office STAUFFER CHEMICAL GO, 420 LexiiiRton Ave., New York 17, N. Y. 221 North LaSalle Street, ChicaEO I. Illinois 636 California Street, San Francisco 8, California liUBlUI lions of Europe and Asia. Mr. Munson explained the dire neces- sity of sending wheat to meet this emergency, saying that wheat pro- vided the most nourishment in the least bulk and least trouble to transport of any food. He said it was the duty of every American to waste no food, and thus be in posi- tion to buy less and also to produce food through home gardens, as during the war. an important item in the cost of mand is expected to be heavy, es- living index, cranberries have in- pecially at the holiday period, and creased in popularity by advertis- the 1946 crop, if light, would aug- ing, and for other reasons. De- ment this demand. CRANBERRIES NOT YET "DECONTROLLED" Assuming that OPA is contin- ued by Congress and that price con- trol will continue in effect in some form or other, as is generally re- garded as almost a certainty at present writing, C. M. Chaney is of the opinion there is "at least a 50-50 chance of cranberries being removea from price control this coming season. At present cran- berries have not been "decon- trolled", as were strawberries and. all other berries, effective midnight, April 11th. Even though cranberries are not For over forty years our management has been engaged in the distribution of CAPE COD Cran- berries. A small factor in the deal, yes — but a significant one to those Growers we serve. CoUey Cranberry Company Plymouth, Mass. Office 17 Court Street Telephone Plymouth 1622 a RAIN BIRD SPRINKLERS" ■• *. * Pioneers: Cranberry Frost Protection and Irrigation For complete data write L. R. Nelson Mfg. Co., Peoria, 111. Rain Bird Sprinkler Mfg., Glendora, Cal. For Oregon and Washington, R. M. Wade — Oregon Culvert & Pipe, Portland, Ore. Twenty-one 5"**%v ;^ Planning Committee of 9, advisory to the Industrial Committee of 8. Mr. Yunk is a native of Wiscon- sin, although he now conducts a candy business in Syracuse, N. Y., and is the recent purchaser of the Berlin marsh of Mr. Goldsvirorthy. liij is also a part owner in another Wisconsin cranberry property. While in Massachusetts they made tlieir headquarters in Middleboro. I f^-J" M»i.j%. DON'T BORROW CRANBERRIES — SUBSCRIBE LEFT — GEORGE H. YUNK, VERNON GOLDSWORTHY. CRAIG SCOTT. CRANBERRrES PHOTO BERNARD BRAZEAU, VISIT MASSACHUSETTS The four Wisconsites above, photographed at the H. R. Bailey bog in South Carver, paid a brief visit to Massachusetts, April 19 to 21, visiting some of the bogs and paying a call at the Massachusetts Experiment Station, where they talked with Dr. Chandler and. "Joe" Kelley. Messrs. Goldsworthy, Bra- zeau and Scott are directors of the American Cranberry Exchange, this being the prime motive for the visit East, as the annual directors' meeting was held in New York the 22nd. Brazeau is chairman of the FLAME 30" X 3" — 2000' Fl KILLS STALKS-SEEDS-ROOTS| Endorsed by fiqri. flulhoriiict 99 oiber u» loo; disinic cling lorch, cactus pcai bumi Icilta poiton ivy and oak; splllB rocko: bur oul Gtumps; boats woIgt, lead, lor, lood;l drya oul bcnni and coapo; Ibowt; hoals.'R melta, Uaed indoor* and ouldoora in all! wealhcr. Bums only E% kcioaane. W7. H r. IQ day oior.cy back trial ollci.n ml. khipa al onco. 4 qal. woldodH ?i!l lank. 7' hose, acamlBBS voble coil burner; guo SOO.OOO in U3C. Sand lorl I"" AERoTl PRODUCTS CO.r 5777 Park Ave. WEST NEW YORK, N. Many of your worst insect enemies can be controlled with Kryocide, the natural cryolite insecticide. It is safe, effective and economical to use. Cryolite is recom- mended for use against cranberry weevils, gypsy moth caterpillars, fruit worms, cranberry blossom worms and Agricultural Chemicals Division PENNSYLVANIA SALT MAN \i/v\pQ TURING C oAn P A N Y 1000 WIDENER BUILDING, PHILADELPHIA 7, PA. chemicals NewYork.Chicago.St. Louis. Pittsburgh. Cincinnati. Minneapolis. Wyandotte. Tacoma false army worms. For the most effective use of Kryocide against these insects that bother your cranberries consult your local experiment station. Kryocide for spraying comes in 4 lb. and 50 lb. bags. Get a supply of this proved insecti- cide from your dealer NOW. DISTRIBUTED BY TheRoietsUubtiatilCo. Portland, Conn. Twenty-two A Bean Royal Sprayer supplies this 34-nozzle boom on a Wisconsin marsh with pressure antl volume to spare. Spraying at 600-lbs. pressure drives the fog of liquid insecticide into every crevice of the plant for better control of fireworm and other insect pests. Bean Royal Sprayers give you the high- pressure performance you need for best re- sults in controlling insect pests and diseases that attack cranberries. High pressure spray, by boom or gun, drives the fog of insecticide into every crevice and crack of the plant and blankets each leaf and twig with a protecting film. You can depend upon Bean performance for protection Mrhen you need it. The fam- ous Royal pump is all-enclosed — lubricated by a constant bath of clean oil. Perform- ance sealed in and trouble sealed out. Rugged steel tanks are always ready for use and require no soaking. Modern construction — steel for strength without weight — makes the husky Royals lightfooted and easily maneuverable on dike roads. Cut-under construction on four- wheel, engine-powered models for sharp turns. BEAN high pressure PERFORMANCE protects Your Crop and Your Profits Four-wheel, engine-powered Bean Royal Sprayers have pump capacities from 20 to 55 gallons-per-minute and supply tanks from 400 to 500 gallons. Royal Sprayers include models engine-powered for truck mounting and with tractor power take-off. For further information about Bean Royal Sprayers, visit your nearby John Bean dealer or write for catalog. Learn how Bean high pressure performance can pro- tect your crop and your profits. JOHN BEAN MFG. CO. Division of Food Machinery Corporation 22 HOSMER STREET LANSING, MICHIGAN 173 WEST JULIAN ST. SAN JOSE, CAL. Twwtty-three ■I For Effective Destruction of ROOT GRUB use Distributed in Massachusetts by Cranberry Canners Inc. SOLVAY SALES CORPORATION 45 Milk Street Boston 9, Mass. Committee On Root Grub Is Named As a result of a root grub survey conducted by J. Richard. Beattie, County Agricultural Agent of Ply- mouth County, growers were ac- quainted with the fact that the cranberry root grub is one of our most serious pests today. The pest is most serious in Plymouth Coun- ty, but certain sections of Barn- stable County are also affected; therefore, all cranberry growing areas in the state are uniting in this effort to bring this pest und.er control. Actually, 42% of Ply- mouth County acreage is affected, ranging from a light to a heavy infestation, and consequently re- quires treatment. Growers have been warned by Dr. Franklin and Jossph Kelley of the Experiment Station of the ever-increasing acreage being affected already by the root grub, but the recent sur- vey really brought the facts as near as could be estimated to the attention of the growers. Brie.ly, the figures collected by (Continued on Page 26) Irrigation and Frost Protection for Cranberries Send for blueprint and detailed specifications showing cost for typical 2}^ acre bog Or send sketch of your bog for special layout. THE SKINNER IRRIGATION CO. TROY, OHIO GEORGE N. BARRIE, New England Distributor BROOKLINE, MASSACHUSETTS Twenty-four PYR for efficient control of CRANBERRY INSECTS DOES THE JOB. . . Growers welcome the return of genuine Pyrocide Dust for it gives exceptional control of fireworm, gypsy moth, blunt-nosed leaf-hopper, span worm and many other kinds of chewing and sucking insects. NON-POISONOUS. . . Pyrocide Dust is non-poisonous and leaves no poisonous residue. Safer to use than poisons. Easier on the nose and throat of the operator. SAVES YOU MONEY. . . Weight for weight Pyrocide Dust has equal or better killing pov/er than pyrethrum powder yet Pyrocide Dust actually costs mush less. Growers report savings of $2.00 to $4.00 per acre with most efficient control of cran- berry insects. ^ett&i y^tMcticlde^ MAKERS OF INSiCTlCiDES FOPMISED lf02 Twenty-five Root Grub (Continued from Page 24) Mr. Beattie and printed in February "CRANBERRIES", and pertain only to Plymouth County are as follows: (1) Total acreage re- ported in Plymouth County was 5,036.9; (2) acreage previously given summer floociing, 557.1; (3) acreage previously treated, 993; (4) acreage that should be treated with PDB flakes, cyanide, 216; (5) acreage requiring summer flooding, 774; 1,367 acres i-ecently treated by one of the three methods or 27% of total, and 2,141 acreage that re- quires immediate treatment by one of the three methods or 42%. This information has been pre- sented to the Plymouth County Cranberry Committee, the two cranberry clubs, and the directors of the Cape Cod Cranberry Grow- ers' Association. Each group was heartily in favor of an active cam- paign to bring this pest under con- trol. At a recent committee meet- ing at the State Bog, the following growers were appointed to serve on the technical committee to head up the campaign. The appoint- ment was made by the directors of the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association. Chairman, J. Richard Beattie, Plymouth County Agricul- tural Agent; Bertram Tomlinson, Rain when you want it! RAIN BIRD SPRINKLERS The outstanding performance of RAIN BIRD sprinklers for portable pipe irrigation systems has brought them great popularity among farmers. These sprinklers will out perform others because there is nothing in the interior to interrupt flow of water. All working parts are on the outside, always accessible and foolproof and the oscillator arm breaks up the stream like nothing you have seen before. No. 20— 1/2" conn. Sprinkles to 80 ft. dia. with W. P. 40 lbs. Cap. 2 to 9 G. P. M. Head only §3.00. No. 40 — %" conn. Sprinkles to 115 ft. dia. with W. P. 50 lbs. Cap. 5 to 26 G. P. M. Head only $6.00. No. 70—%" or 1" conn. Sprinkles to 150 ft. dia. with W. P. 75 lbs. Cap. 12 to 49 G. P. M. Head only |8.00 BRECK'S 85 STATE STREET, BOSTON, MASS. Barnstable County Agricultural Agent; George Short, President of the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association; Russell Makepeace, chairman of the Plymouth County Cranberry Committee; Orrin Col- ley, president of the South Shore Cranberry Club; Carleton Ham- mond, Sr., president of the South- eastern Cranberry Club; John F. Shields, president of the Upper Cape Cranberry Club, Barnstable County; Dr. H. J. Franklin, Dr. Fred Chandler, and Joseph Kelley of the State Bog, East Wareham. At the committee meeting when plans for the campaign were dis- cussed. County Agent Beattie sub- mitted, a report of progress for the approval of the group and many helpful suggestions for the cam- paign were forthcoming. A copy of this report will be given next month. ELECTRICAL SUPPLIES • HARDWARE PAINTS GROSSMAN'S 27 Ashley Boulevard Tel. New Bedford 5-7438 A.GRICO: FOR cranberries We recommend Agrico for Cranberries, 5-8-7 Fertilizer this spring Dealers at Carver, Middleboro, Wareham, Plymouth and throughout the entire Cape The AMERICAN AGRICULTURAL CHEMICAL CO. North Weymouth, Mass. Telephone Weymouth 2610 Twenly-»ix is the Top-Ranking Pyrethrum Powder for Cranberry Dust ! Stimtox "A" is an effective, low-cost Py- rethrum Powder acti- vated for use in agricul- tural dusts. A time- tested product, Stimtox "A" for many years has proved its value and economy in the field. Because approved Stimtox "A" is SAFE to use, it is especially rec- ommended for cranber- ries. Readily available, adequate supplies of Stimtox "A" are on hand for use on your 1946 crops. Write Us Today For Detailed Information John Powell & Co., Inc. One Park Avenue, New York 16, N. Y^ Twmty-savcn Bean Mfg. Co. Has Acquired Larger Quarters Anothei- of the Nation's "swords" is being "beaten into a plowshare" with the purchase of a Lansing, Michigan war plant by John Bean Mfg. Co., a Division of Food Ma- chinery Corporation, and pioneer manufacturer of orchard and row- crop sprayers and other types of agricultural machinery. One year ago the new home of the John Bean Mfg. Co. was part of the largest airplane propeller factory in the world. Acauisition of the factory, which hfis 10% acres of floor space, pro- vides John Bean Mfg. Co. with more than three times the space available in the original factory building, according to Howarc C. Lisle, general manager of the John Bean Company, and vice president of Food Machinery Corporation. PROTECT THIS YEAR'S PROMISE FOR A PROFITABLE CRANBERRY CROP Use Black Leaf 40 in accordance with State recommendations for the control of Spittle Insect Blunt-Nosed Leafhopper Blackheaded Fireworra Red-Striped Fireworm TOBACCO BY-PRODUCTS & CHEMICAL CORP. Incorporated LOUISVILLE, KENTUCKY HUBBARD Fertilizers — Insecticides See Your Local Dealer MANUEL A. SOUZA General Agent MARION, MASS. Phone Marion 236 The Rogers & Hubbard Co. PORTLAND, CONNECTICUT Lack of space has handicapped production for several years and operations of John Bean Mfg. Co. will be more than doubled with the increasec. facilities of the larger plant. In addition to increasing produc- tion of sprayers, fniit and vege- table cleaners and graders, and other types of John Bean products familiar to the Nation's fanners, two entirely new crop harvesters will be built at the new Lansing factory. John Bean engineers have been busy with improvements in orchard and row-crop sprayers. Two com- pletely new series of sprayers are being introd.ucec to the public dur- ing 1946. One is for large estates or small orchards and the other is an all-purpose sprayer for farms, ranches, and oi'chards of medium size. Also, it is expected that pro- duction of the Speed Sprayer, a new type of orchard sprayer, will be centered at the Lansing factory. The Speec Sprayer literally paints the trees like a giant air brush by blowing finely atomized spray so- lution in a man-made breeze. Several months will elapse be- fore John Bean Mfg. Co. has com- pleted the task of moving into its new quarters, as the moving pro- cess is being carried on with as little interruption with production as possible. The new plant is lo- cated only a few blocks from the original Lansing, Michigan factory whi;h was started thirty-two years ago. In addition to increased produc- tion of agricultural machinery, John Bean Mfg. Co. will expano production of its Fog Fire Fighter and automotive service station equipment. JERSEY HAS BLUEBERRY CONTROL CHART A "Blueberry Insect and Disease Control Chart" has been issued by the New Jersey Department of Agriculture and the Blueberry and Cranberry Research Laboratory at Pemberton. It is prepared by C. A. Doehlert, R. B. Wilcox and W. E. Tomlinson, Jr. Chart gives di- rections of when ana what to do concerning weevil, fruitworm, blueberry fruitfly, stem borers, scale insects, cranberry rootworm, stunt, mummy berry, phomopsis twig blight, damping ofl" in cutting bed, pruning and cultivation. Twenty-eight ? o, / ® / n, WtJDO' The man-hours it takes to plan, plow, and plant your crop won't be wasted if you pro- tect it with ALORCO Cryolite. Healthier crops mean healthier profits. Farmers know from experience that this is a superior in- secticide to use. You can control Chewing Insects on fruits and vegetables with chemically refined ALORCO Cryolite Insecticide. Science and nature are combined to make it more effective. HERE'S HOW... • 90% Active ingredients • Controlled particle size • Excellent dusting properties • Wets and mixes readily • Maximum, uniform coverage " Greater adhesion • Harmless to most foliage • No harmful effect on soil balance • Excellent suspendlbility in spray tanks and lines • Compatible with insoluble type copper compounds, sulfur and other neutral fungicides, insecticides and diluents • Proved efficiency • Minimum abrasive action See Vour ioco/ OqoIgt Now KQmQmh^T, ask for ALORCO Cryolite ALUMINUM ORE COMPANY subsidiary of ALUMINUM COMPANY OF AMERICA 1760 Gulf Building • Pittsburgh 19, Pa. A PRODUCT OF AlCOA [RVOIITE mSECTItlDi Twenty-nine Growers' Cranberry Co. Holds Meeting, Elects Officers The 51st annual meeting of Growers' Cranberry Company was held in the company office at Pem- berton, New Jersey, April 16. Fea- ture of the meeting was a talk by Carl D. Loos, attorney for Amer- ican Cranberry Exchange, he giv- ing a talk on "Cooperation", the OPA and price ceilings. C. M. Chaney of the Exchange gave his annual report to the members. The usual dinner was served to all present in Parish hall, adjoin- ing the Company office, by the ladies of Pemberton. During the year the Company lost three of its members by death: Joseph S. Evans, John C. Oliver, and Otto C. Luhrs. Seven directors were re-elected, these being Edward Crabbe, Eth- elburt Haines, Isaac Harrison, CRANBERRIES Packed for PLYMOUTH - MASSACHUSETTS by StokelyJs FINEST FOODS NEW BEDFORD - MASSACHUSETTS Anthony DeMarco, Lester Collins, F. A. Scammell, Francis Sharpless. The four delegates to the American Cranberry Exchange re-elected were Theodore H. Budd, Sr., Frank- lin S. Chambers, Edward Crabbe and Isaac Harrison. Directors at their meeting following re-elected officers of Growers' Cranberry Company as: President, Theodore H. Budd, Sr.; first vice president, Isaac Harrison; second vice pres- ident, Edward Crabbe; third vice president, Joseph W. Darlington; treasurer and secretary, E. C. Becher. The newly-elected execu- tive committee consists of Frank- lin S. Chambers, Ralph B. Clay- berger, Edwin Crabbe, Joseph W. Darlington, Isaac Harrison, James Hohnan and F. A. Scammell. RADIO FROST WARNINGS Cranberry frost warnings are now being sent out over the radio to Massachusetts growers, orig- inating from Dr. Franklin's office at Mass. Experiment Station, East Wareham. This is supplementary service to the telephone warning system subscribed to by many growers. This schedule is: Station WEEI, Boston, 590K— 2.29 p. m. and 8.54 p. m. daily, in- cluding- Sunday. Station WOCB, South Yarmouth, 1240K— 2.29 daily, Sunday 2.fa9 p. m.; 9.29 p. m. daily and Sundays. WISCONSIN AIR DUSTING The Cranberry Dusting Com- pany, a unit made up of Wisconsin growers, expects to resume air dusting of the marshes as was done prior to the war, this season. F. E. Mengel is president; Roy Pot- ter, vice president; Ermon E. Ben- nett, secretary and treasurer. The company has bought a Navy training plane which has been equipped for dusting. A. E. Pack- age of Stevens Pt., Wisconsin, is the pilot. Dusting program in- cludes dusting of nitrate fertilizer in June and for leafhopper in July, probably with pyrethrum. Other members of this company include Bernard Bi'azeau, Central Cranberry Co., O. 0. Potter, Guy Potter, William Dempze, Gaynor Cranberry Company. Thirty FRESH FROM THE FIELDS By C J. H. MASSACHUSETTS mo Nights Brought Warnings — April brought a total of nine nights for which warnings were sent out. The morning of April first brought the extreme low of 5, causing re- ports of minor damage incurred. The month ended with lows from several points of 18 on the morning of the 29th, this frost bringing re- ports of some damage, although probably not of any serious gen- eral consequence. The 18 degree temperature on the 29th was defi- nitely low for that date of the season. Including the warning for the night of March 30th there was a total of 10 nights for which either one or two warnings were sent out. There were no general warnings the first week, although there were for inland points; the second week, 7-13, there were three general and some additional inland; the third week, 14-20, five, and the last week, one. ^Temperature — April, according to Dr. Franklin, is not a month in which the temperature average is of particular significance, but the Boston Weather Bureau on April 30th reported departure from nor- BETUR miGATlOH ^ With IISS WATER A Model For Every Pressure For Form, OrljBrcl or Truck Garden. Easily and quickly ii^|nted on any irrigation pipe. Heavy duly ^^ss and bronze construction for long serv^ Sand and dirt proof. Wa- let lubricotedl^rings— no oil or grease re^ moving parts to rapidly um coverage— even distri- quired. No wear out. M< bution. Write ifure and price;. THE CLAPPER CO. FORMERLY NEW ENGLAND TORO CO. 1121 WASHINGTON ST. WEST NEWTON 65, MASS. PHONE BIGELOW 7900 ^ BUCKNER MANUFACTURING C0.(» 1615 Blackstone Ave., Fresno, California BUCKNER SPRINKLERS mal for April to that date was minus 6. TISunspots — Dr. Franklin sizes up things as about average, with prospects for frosts in May and in early June, and a really bad frost could be in the cards in view of the numerous sunspots. On the other side of the picture is the fact the past two winters were not unduly severe. URainfall Off — April rainfall re- corded at State Bog, East Ware- ham, was 3.29 inches, but this was half due to a rainfall on the 23rd when there was 2% inches; other- wise, precipitation was slight, al- though recorded on several days. March had brought but 2 inches, and February 3, the season to date as a whole being definitely defic- ient. Result of this dry condition, now continued so long, coupled with the fact that a great deal of water was used for frost control during the month, is that May does not find growers too well prepared for emergencies. WISCONSIN UProspects Excellent — Most of the marshes were showing buds beginning to develop a little by April 30. Crop prospect appears excellent. While there was cold in April there was probably no frost damage. Thei-e has been little rain, and some of the growers were beginning to worry about the dan- ger of forest fires. Wa Have Listing* of Cranberry Bogs, L.arge and Small FOR SALE Geo. A, Cole Agency WILDA HANEY Decas Block Wareham, Maasachusetta NEW JERSEY HHeavy April Frosts — Heavy frosts occured frequently during April, with minimum as low as 14 degrees on some cold bogs. No in- jury to cranberries was noted, however, at end of April, and up to that time very little injury had developed in blueberries. Early blueberry varieties were quite gen- erally in bloom by the closing days of the month. URainfall Very Deficient— So far, every month of 1946 has brought very little rainfall, each having been deficient. Precipitation in January was 1.92 inches; February, 0.52 inches; March, 0.41 inches, and April, as the month was con- cluding had been 2.08 inches (the 25) or below normal. A total of almost 5 inches deficiency has developed this far into the year. ^Supplies Lowering — Streams and reservoirs are beginning to show the effects of this deficiency. If May should prove to be frosty, water is going to be a critical item on many bogs. ^Temperature Normal — In spite of some very cold nights the aver- age mean temperature was very close to normal, or only about a degree above. LLOYD M. HENDRICK Registered Architect Architect-Engineer Public, Commercial and Domestic Work BAKER BLDG. BUZZARDS BAY AND POCASSET, MASS. CRANBERRY REAL ESTATE APPRAISING 17 Court St. Plymouth, Mass. BOG MANAGEMENT <*o *-^ / Tels: Plymouth 162Z Kingston 319 If you are buying or selling Cranberry Property it will pay you to see us. A number of properties available, more wanted. Thirty-one WASHINGTON TIClub Meeting — The Long Beach Peninsula Cranberry club met in mid-April and talked, over the spray program for 1946. Decision was made that future meetings of the club c uring the active season would be on call. About 30 grow- ers attended. from George Berry. Several sales of raw land have been consummat- es durinij the past few weeks and many new bogs will be set out before the end of the season. ^Personal — Jim Olsson and Sum- ner Fish, Jr., of Bandon, Oregon, were April visitors with D. J. Crow- ley, director at the Long Beach Experiment Station. UState Bog Sprinkler — Work of installing a new sprinkler system at the Cranberry Experiment Sta- tion, Long Beach, is in progress. Several growers are also installing sprinkler systems or are adding to their old ones. These include George Lillegaard, new ov;ner of the Pugh bog; Clarence Hadley, who purchased the Dahl property; Carl Brateng, who is reclaiming the Western Cranberry Company bog on the Pioneer road; am Ost- gard and Sundberg, who are put- ting in a sprinkler at the former Bloomer acreage. TlGrowers Busy — Red Hedlund is busy at his bog at Cranmoor, and Kautti and Philips have been busy fixing up the bog they purchased THERE IS WORK TO BE DONE A world which was so long at war is struggling to achieve the production it needs. ELECTRICITY is playing its part in this work to be done. Plymouih County Electric Co. WAREHAM Tel. 200 PLYMOUTH Tel. 1300 Keeping Abreast of Market Conditions Is Our Job! Continually improving outlets in the various markets to assure our Growers of receiving high returns for their Cranberries is our Goal! We enter the future with full confidence. We extend an invitation to Growers to try our Service if not already receiving it. We have been co-operating with Cranberry Growers for over a quarter century, maintaining an outlet for all their berries. BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY Cape Cod Cranberries WAREHAM, MASS. Telephone [ ^^^ Thirty-two Let's Look At the Record Since 1930, year after year, we have paid a "just price" to the Growers for Cranberries, which price has been the top price. In 1937 MINOT continued this price policy (regardless of the "big crop") and purchased every berry our Growers had to offer at the top price. W W We offered the same proposition to other Growers and MINOT was denied the privilege of purchasing such berries by "the powers- to-be." MIN-OT FOOD PACKERS, Inc. BRIDGETON, NEW JERSEY Represented by BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY ^ sis- Wk W ^tf!t§t^ft?gWt^i§t?t?2W1^^^^ What is a trade mark worth? The value of a trade mark depends on : 1. The commodity or product it represents; 2. How long and how well it has been publicized; 3. The scope of distribution of the product; 4. The degree of trade and consumer acceptance it commands. The trade mark "Eatmor Cranberries" stands up to this test because : 1. The product it represents is tops; 2. It has been internationally publicized for approxi- mately 30 years; 3. The scope of distribution is all of the United States and Canada; 4. Both the trade name and the commodity it represents have a high degree of trade and consumer acceptance. Cranberry Exchang ^•^'^"^:L Growers' Cooperauve The Cranberry ^rn New York Chicago rj^-^^JWip^JJJ -^ '^■^-^- fRVINC A $12,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY APE COO INEW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON STEAM'S A-MAKIN' ON THE EDAVILLE R. R. Ellis D. Atwood Beside Engine No. 7 25 cents ]usi as the navigator Depends on the Sextant Most producers of cranberries in New Jersey depend on the Grow- ers Cranberry Company to market their crops. If you are looking for the best in Marketing and Supplies Service, look to the Growers Cran- berry Company, where you will find complete satisfaction, backed by over 51 years' experience. Growers Cranberry Company, Inc. PEMBERTON, NEW JERSEY -WISCONSIN MOVES FORWARD COOPERATION PAYS You hold the top cards when you have membership in a sound, progressive Co- operative, such as the Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company. Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin LAST ANNUAL MEETING OF CGI JUNE 25 On June 25, Cranberry Canners, Inc., will hold its last annual meeting. After 16 years of constant growth, this cooperative will now evolve into the "National Cranberry Association", which will do a bigger and better job for cranberry growers. Members of Cranberry Canners, Inc., will automatically become charter members of the national organization, with the same privileges and the same responsibilities which have been theirs as members of Cranberry Canners, Inc. As members of the National Cranberry Asso- ciation, their horizons will be widened and the accomplishment of these objectives which are so greatly desired by all cranberry growers will be better assured : Greater co-operation among cranberry growers Better allocation of the cranberry crop Maximum earnings on every cranberry produced Greater security for the cranberry industry CRANBERRY CANNERS, Inc. The Growers' Cooperative Canning Company Hanson, Mass. Dennis, Mass. Coquiile, Oregon Onset, Mass. Plymouth, Mass. No. Harwich, Mass. Markham, Wash. Bordentown, N. J. North Chicago, 111. Long Beach, Wash. SERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY ADAMS & GOULD Lumber Dealers "Everything Under Cover" East Wareham, Mass. Tel. Wareham 648 Building Material for Bog, Screenhouse and Home Uses Paints - Hardware Cape & Vineyard Electric Company Offices: Chatham Falmouth Hyannis Vineyard Haven We are in a position to manufacture Cranberry Picking Boxes at this season of the year F. H. COLE Established 1707 Manufacturers of Wooden Boxes and Shooks North Carver, Mass. Tel. 46-5 Marinette & Menominee Box Co. Marinette, Wisconsin BOXES, BOX SHOCKS, CRATING WIREBCUND BOXES AND CRATES M & M's 64th Year Serving the Wisconsin Cranberry Growers Established 1848 Hall 6? Cole Incorporated Commission Merchants and Jobbers 94 Faneuil Hall Market 102 BOSTON, MASS. APPLES AND CRANBERRIES SPECIALTIES Wood County Nationa Bank Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin MEMBER FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATrON ' Car Lot Receivers KROP-SAVER brand INSECTICIDES FUNGICIDES For the Cranberry Grower CROP-SAVER CHEMICAL COMPANY, Inc. 2630 West Arthington St. Chicago 12, Illinois The National Bank of Wareham Wareham, Mass. MEMBER FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION Middleborough Trust Company MIDDLEBORO MASS. Member of The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS MASSACHUSETTS Call WAREHAM 162 S. G. M. Packard & Go. Hardware — Locksmiths For Maintenance Supplies Diesel Bulldozer Tractor Plowing and Harrowing E. G. HOWES WEST WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. Wareham 405-W-2 Experienced in Bog Work HERE WE GO If you want QUALITY THAT'S WHERE WE FIT GIVE US A CALL FROST INSECTICIDE GO. Box 36 Arlington 74, Mass. Serving Western Cranberry Growers with High Quality Products Rotenone Pyrethrum Sabadilla Nicotine Copper Sprays Oil Sprays Lime Sulphur Solution Miller Products Company Portland 1, Oregon JOHN HILL Plymouth St. Bryantville, Mass. Offers Cranberry Growers the Value: Of Long Experience in Cranberry Work plus The Latest in Construction- Renovation Equipment, in- cluding : 2 Caterpillar Tractor Bulk'ozers 2 Power Shovels Sand, Gravel, Crushed Stone Delivered Tel. Bryantville 6422 Cape Association Sponsors Mass. Industry Survey President George E. Short, Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Associa- tion, has written to the Massachu- setts Commissioner of Agriculture, Fred E. Cole, requesting a new survey of the Massachusetts indus- try, as none has been taken in 12 years. This is one of several pro- jects which may be taken up in the near future by the association as part of a more aggressive post- war program. The letter follows: Commissioner Fred E. Cole Mass. Dept. of Agriculture 24 State House Boston, Massachusetts Dear Commissioner Cole: The Officers and Directors of the Cape Cod Cranberry Grow- ers' Association have had a lengthy discussion of the need for a new Cranberry survey. It is now over twelve years since the last Cranberry survey, and many Cranberry growers feel that such a survey would be very beneficial to our industry, and is greatly needed by the scientific staff working with the industry. The following committee has been named by the directors of the association to develop this program: Mr. Homer Gibbs, The People's National Bank & Trust Co. Pemberton, New Jersey Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation USE DYNAMITE The modern way to re- move stumps, excavate rocks, DIG CORES FOR DIKES, and other blasting work in cranberry growing. Speeds up work — reduces costs. CONSULT WITH US ON ANY WORK YOU ARE PLANNING. Trained by Hercules Powder Co. ALTON J. SMITH High St., Hanson, Mass. Tel. Bryantville 209-R-3 West Wareham; Mr. Marcus Urann, of Cranberry Canners, Inc. South Hanson, Mass., and myself. You may also wish to discuss the need for this survey with Dr. Franklin of the Cranberry Ex- periment Station, and other lead- ers of the industry. A copy of the results of the previous sur- vey is enclosed for your informa- tion in considering this matter. We request that Five Thou- sand Dollars ($5,000) be placed in your budget at the first op- portunity for such a survey pro- ject. We hope to have your support, and we will appreciate anything you can do to bring this Cranberry survey about. Very respectfully yours, GEORGE E. SHORT. Three Opening Field Meetings In Root Grub Campaign Many Attend Demonstration Of Two Treatments in Plymouth County — Enroll- ment Cards Sent Out The campaign against Root Grub in Massachusetts is on! Just how many are taking part is being- determined. County Agent J. Richard Beattie of Plymouth Coun- ty Extension Service and chairman of the campaign committee, has pi'epared cards which will enable the committee to enroll growers from the replies received. At the root grub committee meeting a few weeks ago it was agreed that N. E. Sales Company, Cranberry Canners, independents and Exten- sion service, would cooperate in the distribution of these cards to the growers. Objective of the enrollment is to enable the committee to know at the end of a given period, possibly five years, whether any definite results are being obtained. Forty- two per cent of Plymouth County acreage is effected by grub. That growers definitely are in- terested was demonstrated on the very first day of May when more than 75 were counted at a cran- berry root grub field demonstra- tion at the Smith-Hammond bog. Carver, and more than 50 the fol- ABOVE — Growers surround Dr. Franklin (in front of tree in center) to hear his talk on Root Grub. LOWER — They watch application of Cyanide. Both scenes at Smith-Hammond Bog, Carver. lowing afternoon at a repetition of the program at L. B. Handy bog, South Wareham. A frost warning of 19 had gone out that d,ay, un- doubtedly cutting attendance. At the first demonstration Carleton D. Hammond, Sr., manager of Smith-Hammond, had a trained crew to demonstrate proper mea- sures of control. At the Black- more Pond bog of Mr. Handy. Raymond Morse, field work super- intendent of N- E. Sales, had a crew at work and was assisted by Robert Pierce. The three approved methots of treatment as recommended in Massachusetts 1946 Insect and, Disease Chart are (1) sodium cyanide in liquid form before vines make new growth; (2) PDB (para- dichlorobenzene) flakes, covered immediately after spread with an inch of sand. These were the two treatments demonstrated. The third is reflooding from May 12 to July 15, killing grubs and also the crop for the year, and described (in the chart) as more eff^ective than the other two, and preferable if most of bog is infested. Dr. Franklin and Joseph Kelley were at the meetings to teach the proper identification of the in- sect, its habits, and methods of control. They had bottled speci- mens. Also giving a demonstra- tion was Robert B. Parmenter, Ex- tension Forester, who showed the use of preservatives for native lumber, particularly when used in flumes, making it last four or five times its normal life. (Continued on Page 26) Four Issue of June, 1946 — Vol. II, No. 2 Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop, Main St., Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscription $2.60 per year. Entered as second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post office at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3, 1879. Attorney Loos Suggests An "Interim Plan" A letter from Karl D. Loos, of Washington, attorney for the Am- erican Cranberry Exchange to John R. Quarles of Boston, attorney for Cranberry Canners, Inc. suggests an "Interim Plan", as concerns the proposals for consolidation of the two major cooperatives, which is self-explanatory, and the plan pro- posed, follow: May 23, 1946 Mr. John R. Quales, 50 Federal Street, Boston, 10, Massachusetts Dear John: Thank you for your letter of May 18th. I think you are correct in the conclusion that there is no practical possibility of getting un- animous agreement in consumating at this time a program for consoli- dation of the industry into an over- all national cooperative. I also agree with you on the des- irability of taking some action now to preserve as far as possible the advantages of cooperation in the industry and to put into effect such Improvements in operation as the parties are agreed are desirable. I would suggest that your pro- posed interim plan is prepared, too much from the standpoint of the Cranberry Canners, Inc. While I agree with the changes you have outlined for Cranberry Canners are desirable, I think the interim plan should go further and include ref- erence to the American Cranberry Exchange and provision for coop- eration between the two organiza- tions. While we should of course not attempt to do all that could be done through a consolidation into a single cooperative, it seems to me that we can at least have the American Cranberry Exchange de- signated as the sole selling agent for fresh berries and the Cranber- ry Canners, Inc., designated as the sole selling agent for berries that have been processed, including the (CQntinued on Page 7) New 'National Co-op' Plan Drawn, CCI to Vote on Adoption June 25 The latest and a decisive step in the plan for a "National Cooperat- ive" has been taken in the issuance of an open letter to cranberry growers, with a proposed outline for an organization accompanying. The adoption of this will be voted, upon at the annual meeting of Cranberry Canners, Inc., at Han- son, June 25th. This set-up in structure, is similar to that of CCI and if favorable vote is given by members, CCI would "evolve into" this organization, with the later addition of such other "Locals" as might be formed. This notice which growers received was signed by the "Voluntary Cranberry In- dustry Committee," and bore the signatures of Ellis D. Atwood, Marcus L, Urann, and. John C. Makepeace. At the close of the May 28, 1946 To Cranberry Growers: Up to the present time, the drafting of a structure for a Na- tional Cranberry Association has been done with the expectation of a merger of the American Cranberry Exchange and Cran- berry Canners, Inc. Although a National Cranber- ry Association is almost unani- mously approved by growers in all districts, it appears unlikely that a unanimous agreement on the details will be reached in time to market the 1946 crop. A large number of growers, including members of all exist- ing cooperatives, with some 300,- 000 barrels of cranberries, are urging a National Association. We hope these growers who are not now ready to support it will, upon further study, agree it is a sound anc progressive step and will ultimately help to bring- last meeting of the "Industry Com- Cittee of Eight," in New York, April 24th, the "grower members" decided to go ahead with a plan, as announced by Mr, Makepeace, in the last issue of this magazine. The Committee of Eight, while not dissolved has not met again. Since the issuance of the letter signed by the three "Voluntary Commit- tee" members, the additional sig- natures of Franklin S, Chambers, Enoch F. Bills, Isaac Harrison, New Jersey; Albert Hedler, Charles L. Lewis, Guy N. Potter, Wisconsin; Colburn C, Wood, Kenneth G. Gar- siae, Robert N. Andrews, and Har- rison F. Goddard, Robert S, Handy, Mass., W, S. Jacobson, Rolla Par- rish, West Coast, have been added. Voluntary Committee letter and plan, similar in many points to "In- terim" Plan, follow in full: about merger which the Industry Survey recommended. With the present turn of events, some changes in the Na- tional Cooperative set-up recom- mended by the Industry Commit- tee of Eight become necessary, but the structure of the National Association will follow closely • the recommendations of the In- dustry Committee. There will be no changes in its scope or its ob- jectives. At our request, Mr. Quarles has prepared, the attached outline of a program which can be put into effect immeciately. To save time and money, he is usuing as much of Cranberry Canners' present set-up as meets the re- commendations of the Industry Committee and as approved by growers generally. All members of Cranberry Canners, Inc., will automatically beconie charter members of the Five National Cranberry Association. Other growers who desire to be charter members should sign the enclosed application and send it to any grower whose name ap- pears on this letter. The time is coming when you and your children will be proud to say you were a charter mem- ber of the National Cranberry Association, which is the natural progressive result of cooperation among able, far-seeing cranberry growers to bring to the canber- ry industry, and to its growers, even greater benefits and still further advantages. We recommend it. We invite you to join us to bring it about. Voluntary Cranberry Industry Committee By Ellis D. Atwood Marcus L. Urann John C. Makepeace PROPOSED NATIONAL CRANBERRY COOPERATIVE MARKETING PRGRAM 1. Name. The name will be National Cranberry Association, or some similar name, indication a national organization of Cranberry growers. 2. Organization. The structure and method of operation will con- form as closely as possible to the Plan developed by the Industry Committee of Eight as unanimous- ly approved by the various com- mittees and representatives of the growers at the meeting in New York last February. The National will agree to market all berries de- livered to it by its members, whe- ther all or a stated percentage of the crop. Such berries will be sold fresh or processed, as deter- mined by the Board of Directors or Executive Committee to be most advantageous. Members may make delivery direct to the Nation- al or through existing or new Lo- cals, as they prefer. 3. The Locals. The existing State Companies will be invited to participate by delivering berries for processing as they have done with Cranberry Canners, Inc., in the past. Additional Locals may be organized in any area but mem- bership in a Local will not be re- quired as a condition of member- ship in the National. Each Local will be self-governing and will adopt such voting and business procedures as it desires, so long as it complies with the legal require- ments of a cooperative. Each Lo- cal will determine the nature and extent of the services it will ren- der to its members and the method of financing its own operations. The National will account for the proceeds of berries delivered by each Local either to such Local or Six direct to its members, as such Lo- cal may direct. 4. Capital and Reserves. Since adequate plants and equipment are already owned by grower agencies, there is no necessity for any new financing, or the adoption of any plan of retains, for capital expen- ditures. The National and the Locals will from time to time es- tablish such operating reserves as their repeetive Boards may deem appropriate. In the case of the National, the records will be kept in such a manner, by years, that any amount set aside as reserves accruing from patronage of each member may be ascertained at any time, and to the extent that such reserves are not used up, they will be distributed to such members at a later time on an equitable basis. 5. Directors. Supervision and management of the National will be vested in its Board of Directors, which shall be chosen in such man- mer as to assure fair representa- tion to each area and group. To this end, provision will be made for the naming of Directors on a patronage basis by the Locals or groups of direct members, each 25,000 barrels of berries delivered to the National being entitled to name one Director, and for this purpose Locals or individuals may combine their deliveries. 6. Executive Committee. Since ar a practical matter the Directors cannot meet frequently and close supervision of operations by direct representatives of the Growers themselves is an essential element of this program, there will be an Executive Committee of not more than five (5) members chosen by the Board of Directors to serve at the pleasure of the Board and to have in general the full powers of the Board between its meetings. The members of the Executive Committee shall represent the sev- eral producing areas, and for each member there will be an alternate representing the same area. In the active operating season, the Executive Committee will be in virtually continuous session, and its members will be expected to be thoroughly familiar with the busi- ness and afl'airs of the National and also with local conditions In the producing areas which they represent. Meetings of the Exec- utive Committee may be held in any area when the occasion arises. Members of this Committee will be reimbursed for their expenses and will be paid reasonable compen- sation for their work. It will be the duty of the Exec- utive Committee to exercise active and close supervision over all ac- tivities of the National, including the following specific duties: (a) To supervise all opei-ating personnel, including em- ployment and removal, fix- ing duties and salaries, re- quiring reports, and super- vising generally. (b) To supervise the finances of the corporation, includ- ing preparation of the bud- get, determination of all capital expenditures, au- thorization of advance pay- ments and final distribution of proceeds of the berries to the members, declara- tion of dividends, and su- pervision of the accounting procedures. (c) To determine sales policies, including the allocation be- tween fresh sales and pro- cessing. (d) To require observance by the members of the mar- keting agreements, by- laws, rules and regulations. (e) To promote harmony and cooperation with other co- operatives. 7. Method of Accomplishment. In the interest of substantial sav- ings in time and expense, it is pro- posed to carry out this program by making use of the present cor- poi-ate and financial structure of Cranberry Canners, Inc., with such changes in its Certificate of Incor- poi'ation and By-Laws as may be necessary or appropriate to fit it into this plan. The name wdll be changed as indicated in paragraph 1 above. The existing capital structure seems appi'opriate for the present. New members will be asked to purchase at least one share of voting stock and will be invited to purchase additional shares bearing a reasonable rela- tion to their expected patronage. Since the members and Directors of Cranberry Canners, Inc., have already enthusiastically approved this general program, authoriza- tion of the necessary corporate changes is assured. The program in its entirety will be operative for handling the 1946 crop. 8. Effect of Program. This program is designed to accomplish so much of the Plan sponsored by the Industry Committee of Eight as can be adopted prior to obtain- ing unanimous approval. It will not in any way impede the con- summation of the Original Plan. It is hoped that in due course a way can be found to carry out the Original Plan in its entirety through consolidation of the Na- tional Cranberry Association and the American Cranberry Exchange. Unless and until that is accom- plished, the present program con- templates cooperation with the American Cranberry Exchange and its constituent State Companies to the fullest extent possible. M Interim Plan (Continued from Page 5) processing. Each organization would, of course, control its own operations. Perhaps you have considered this idea but feel that New Eng- land Cranberry Sales Company or the Exchange would not go along with any such program. However, it seems to me that the issues on which there is disagreement are primarily two in number: (1) The manner of voting, whether one member one vote or on the basis of volume and, as a corollary, the question of who is going to control the new coopera- tive. (2) The propriety of the use of par of CCI stock as the purchase price of that stock in connection with the proposed consolidation. Neither of these questions would be involved in any way in the plan which I suggest. While there has been a good deal of heat generated during the controversy over the plan, an announcement that the plan has been temporarily aban- doned should permit all of that heat to be dissipated. W^^h it I would hope would also disappear the antagonisms which appear to have caused some individuaals on both sides to desire to tear down the other side. At any rate it seems to me an effort should be made to present an industry pro- gram as an interim program rather than merely a CCI program. The matter would seem to be of sufficient importance to warrant having another meeting of the in- dustry committee of eight togeth- er with the state advisory commit- tees, to see if some interim pro- gram could not be agreed upon. I have tried my hand at rewriting your proposal and enclose a copy, which will perhaps give a better idea of what I have in mind. This has been prepared entirely on my own initiative and, I have neither the authority nor desire to attempt to commit anybody connected with the Americen Cranberry Exchange or Cranberry Canners, Inc. on the subject. However it may serve as a basis for discussion. Very sincei-ely yours, Karl D. Loos Mr. Loos' Proposal May 23, 1946 To all Cranberry Growers: Apparently there is little hope now of getting the new unified, na- tional cranberry cooperative or- ganization establishea in time to handle the 1946 crop. Whether it can be done at all is not certain but, in view of the obvious sound- ness of such a program and of the practically unanimous approval by all areas of the principle of a sin- gle national cooperative to handle both fresh and processed sales, we hope and believe that it can be and we shall continue to work for it. In the meantime, however, the growers must be given service, the crop must be marketed and. the aa- vances already achieved in the co- operative way must be preserved. The conferences and discussions of the last 18 months have indi- cated quite clearly what the grow- ers want and what they have a right to expect of their cooperat- ives. On most points there is no dispute. The differences of opin- ion in the main relate to the exer- cise of control of the proposed new cooperative and the propriety of par as a purchase price of CCI stock. Both of these questions are of present importance but in the life of the industry are of minor significance. Certain changes in the old ways of doing things are obviously desired. Some of these can be put into effect immediately without reference to an overall plan; others can be realized only if and when all elements of the in- dustry agree on a single national organization. To meet the immediate situation and. assure to the industry without further delay as many of the ad- vantages of unified national co- operation as can be brought about without unanimous agreement, we propose the following: Interim Program A. Cranberry Canners, Inc. 1. The organizational setup of Cranberry Canners, Inc., will be changed to the extent necessary to give effect to the applicable prin- ciples of the Plan. Provision will be made for the selection of direct- ors on a patronage basis (one di- rector for each 25,000 barerls, with several directors at large.) An ex- ecutive committee of three or five members (with compensation) will actively supervise all operations and all capital expenditures. Fi- nancial matters will be under a treasurer reporting d.irect to the board or executive committee. 2. Members will be invited (but not required) to deliver all of their berries to Cranberry Canners, Inc., which in turn will agree to market all berries delivered to it in the manner deemed most beneficial to the members. In this connection it will make arrangements for sell- ing berries in the fresh fruit mar- ket if directed by individ.ual mem- bers or if necessary for the most advantageous marketing of the crop. 3. Existing state companies and new locals will be invited to par- ticipate, delivering all or a stated portion of their berries for sale fresh or for processing. The Com- pany will continue to do screening, packing, etc., at cost for the locals ■*> ^2 f erred and common stock, it is not-'",-],^ necessary to raise new capital oi ' ad.opt a plan of revolving fund retains. The stock will be left as it is for the present. The net pro- ceeds of all berries will be dis- . tributed in accordance with the Agreement of Association and By- ' ; laws. 5. CCI will request the American Cranberry Exchange to act as its sales agent in the sale of all ber- | ries to be sold on the fresh fruit market. For berries so sold, CCI will make no selling or service charge. 6. CCI will cooperate with other cooperative units in the industry in such manner as to promote the welfare of growers generally and will continue its efforts to resolve the differences that have prevented an immediate consolidation. B. American Cranberry Exchange. 1. The organizational setup of the American Cranberry Exchange will continue in its present form for the time being. 2. The state sales companies will be requested to make all sales of berries for processing as well as fresh sales through the American Cranberry Exchange. The Ex- change will determine the propor- tion to be marketed fresh and the proportion to be processed. 3. Since no additional financing- is needed for the fresh fruit sales, the present revolving funds of the Exchange will continue in their present form. 4. The Exchange will tender all berries for processing to CCI for processing in accordance with CCI pool agreement on member ber- ries. On such berries as are ac- cepted by CCI, the Exchange will make no selling or service charges against the sales companies, each of which shall be permitted to make such charges for its own account as it may determine. 5. American Cranberry Exchange . will cooperate with other coopei'r;,, .; ative units in the industry in. such ■' 'v; manner as to promote the welfare of growers generally and will con- ^^ tinue its efforts to resolve the dif- ';' ferences that have prevented im- - - mediate consolidation. This Interim Program will re^ tain all of the present elements <5|^ - strength in the present organiza-5 tions — American Cranberry Ex-, change and Cranberry Canners, , ■ Inc. and will ad.opt many of thfe improvements brought to light through the industry survey ana discussions. It will further ad- (Continued on Page 20) Seven «k 'ila£ TOP — Crew working at switch. LOWER — No. 7 takes on water at feservoi Mr. Atwood, Surveyor. He laid out the route of the "Cranberry Belt". Steam Is Up, the Whistle Tootin' On the ''Cranberry Belt'' Line Quarter Mile of Track Is Laid, and Steam Locomotive Num- ber 7 Hauling Trains at South Carver, Mass., Bog of Ellis D. Atwood — 8 Mile System Eventually By CLARENCE J. HALL The highball is waving, the signal light shines green for "high- tailing" along the first completed section of the eventual proposed 8-mile system of the "Edaville Rail Road" of Ellis D. Atwood at South Carver, Massachusetts. Actually the portion of this coming cranberry transportation empire of "steel and steam," isn't very long as yet — only 1,300 feet, and there hasn't been much "high-tailing" in traffic over said mainline. But there has been laid down this 1,300 ft. or quarter mile of 56 lb. 2 ft. gauge rail, and it is now the only railroad of this slender width in North America, as far as is known, and traffic has run over it. By ardous scouting and scraping provide ties 4 ft. 6 in. long; there around, there has been assembled enough of the track and the neces- sary cross ties to construct two and a half miles. These ties came from the N. Y. N. H. as rejects, 6,000 of them, which when cut in two will are sufficient switches and other materials. The distance of 2.5 miles, which is the distance from the Atwood screenhouse to the At- wood baseball field is the objective which is being shot at for July first,. 6t at least sometime this summer. The next immediate step will be 2.5 more miles around the 300-acre reservoir and back to a point northwest of the screen- house. From this will extend, in the near future, spurs and switches and extensions, to sand piles, to bog units and otherwise over the 1,800 acre Atwood cranberry plan- tation to make up the 8 mile system. The detailed story of Mr. Atwood and his famous South Carver bogs, with 210 acres in vines, in nearly 40 units, large and small, the 400 acres of reservoir, the 16 miles of roadway (some hard-surfaced), the scores of flumes, annual cranberry produc- tion approaching 10,000 bbls. was told in CRANBERRIES, Sept. 1941. CRANBERRIES readers may re- call this project of a railway was mentioned, possibly for the first time in type in the issue of last November, and brief hints of the progress made have been published since. Now, with publicity already appearing in various prints and over the radio, developement of Mr. Atwood's dream is sufficiently beyond the planning stage to give cranberry growers the real low- down on this unique enterprise within the industi-y. Hobby or Practical Railroad? Question: "Is the 'Edaville Rail Road,' sub-title 'The Cranberry Belt,' a hobby or a practical adjunct to the business of growing cranberries?" The answer must be, it is some of each. Mr. Atwood and his right-hand man of railroad affairs, Linwood W. Moody, imported from Maine as an expert to supervise the rail- roading project, emphasize the fact this will be in industrial rail- road— a really dollars and cents in- vestment in practicality. Atwood admits it will also have its hobby angle, but its main purpose is im- proved efficiency. When the parlor car of the "Cranberry Belt," which is also an "only one of its kind" in North America, and the two shiny coaches filled with sight-seers and guests are rolling along behind Steam Locomotive No. 7, rounding the curves and skirting the shores of bogs and reservoirs, it will not be Nine cranberry work. These occasions will be gala events, Saturdays, Sundays, holidays, and it will be a dim-witted visitor, indeed, who makes this trip and does not carry away a lasting and treasured memory of the experience, with its cranberry background. But, on the other hand when the traffic consists of freight and flat cars hauling sand or other material, empty harvest boxes or boxes filled with berries picked up from the various bogs; when crews are carried from unit to unit over the plantation, pulled by a four- ton Plymouth gas work locomotive, this will be business. It is esti- mated that Mr. Atwood moves about 10,000 yards of sand in a year. Moved in trucks, two yards to a truck, this means a lot of truck trips and man hours. A narrow- gauge flatcar can carry ten yards, five cars to the train, or 50 yards to the single trip. This aspect of the Edaville R.R. is of the hard, sweaty kind of labor involved in cranberry growing. It will be quite diff'erent from the festive affairs when parlor car and coaches click along behind the plume of smoke from No. 7, the entire outfit polished and painted and passen- gers having the time of their lives. Thus "The Cranberry Belt," may be said to be definitely "two- faced," as, in matter of fact, is any railroad system, with its service of freight traffic as one division and its passenger travel with de-luxe cars, diners and flossed-up equip- ment, another. To get down to some details, "Edaville" is a coined name from the initials of Ellis D. Atwood, and the "ville" comes from the fact that some years ago he established a village of model homes for many of his year-round workers and called this project "Edaville," and the two-lane avenue along which the homes are constructed he named "Eda Avenue." Equipment Equipment gathered together (after how much scrambling around for this fast-disappearing narrow gauge railroad stock, only Mr. Atwood and Mr. Moody fully know), consists of 15 flatcars, 4 box cars, one tank car, two caboos- es, one baggage car, two coaches and the prize of prizes "Rangeley," the parlor car, and of course, Steam Locomotive No. 7. This summer there will be a second midget engine. No. 8, al- though it will not be the property of the Edaville. No. 8 will merely use the trackage of the Cranberry Belt. This locomotive is the pi-op- erty of one John Holt of Cleveland, Ohio, who was formerly in the Locomotive Shops of the famous Nickle Plate line. During the war Corporal Holt was with the U. S. Army in India, one of the outfit that ran the Bengal and Assam railway. He plans to spend vaca- tion time in Edaville. Now in operation is a railroad service shop, which has a single track, this being in the screen- house. The track accomodating 3 cars was made by lowering a por- tion of the cement floor about a foot for a width of 8 feet and a distance of about 100 feet. Also the machine shop, in a separate building has been turned into a completely-equipped railroad re- pair shop with double tracks, for rolling in two cars at a time. Plans for the future include a real com- bined repair shop and roundhouse. Still in the planning stage, as well, are culverts and bridges, and probably some stations along the Edaville system. However, already the territory at the rear of the screenhouse bears more than coincidental re- semblance to a regular railroad yai'd, such is a part of every rail- road terminal. Historical Preservation In assembling this narrow- gauge equipment, some of which was already in junk yards or scheduled for the scrap heap, Mr. Atwood has performed a service of historical preservation — at least in the opinion of the myriad of railroad fans. This narrow- gauge railroad business has be- come pretty much a dead duck in the United States, but the fact re- mains that foreign lands still go strong for the trains in miniature. Let's listen to Mr. Moody, a recognized railroad authority, for some information along this line. It was in the 1870's that the nar- row gauge "bug" began spreading in popularity, and it appears it was in Massachusetts that one George Mansfield began consider- ing a 24-inch gauge after having seen or heard about the famous Fistining Railway which was then making- railroad history in Wales. Incidentally, the tendency to lump "narrow-gauge" into a com- mon pile is not a satisfactory way, to the exacting mind of a railroad fan. There have been something like 40 different narrower-than- standard gauges in this country. The 24-in. is about the narrowest used commercially. The 3-ft. and the 42-in. were the most common, and while now only a few hundred miles remain in North America, half a century ago there were several thousand — some of the present trunk lines having once been spiked to those slimmer widths. Returning to Mr. Mansfield, after building an experimental wooden-rail 2-footer in his back yard, which he called "The Sum- ner Heights and Hazelw-ood Valley R. R.," he succeeded in talking the citizens of Billerica and Bedford into building one of these Lillipu- tian railroads between those two Massachusetts towns. This line was named after the two towns, and lasted for a couple of years. Continuing the story, Mr. Moody tells how Mr. Mansfield "picked the 'B & B' up under his arm, and hied forth for the Franklin County (Maine) hills where he set it down again as the 'Sandy River R. R.' 18 miles from Farmington, Maine, to Phillips. That was in 1879 and really the start of the two-footers." "Busted and Still Running" The Bridgton & Saco River R. R., from which Mr. Atwood acquired some of the equipment, was the second among Maine's 2- foot R. Rs. This line was later known as the "Busted & Still Run- ning." It later became the Bridg- ton & Harrison. "Maine went railroad whacky. Everyone and his father-in-law wanted a 2-ft. gauge. Some got them. Logging branches too, went down and stocks and fares went up. The 'Rangeley Express' made three trips a day between Far- mington and Rangeley, 47 miles, hauling the only 2-ft. gauge parlor car in North America. At one Ten ENGINE, AND PARLOR CAR ONLY, PAUSES BY BOGSIDE time in Maine there were 208 miles of track, 40 midget locomotives, and more than 500 cars. "But the lumber business waned, agriculture limped, Maine manu- facturers moved west, trucks took what freight traffic was left. The little 24-inchers of Maine whistled out the last flag, pulled their fires and the bushes quickly sprang over the places where they were. "The Sandy River passed out 11 years ago; the Bridgton, 5." "Then," still quoting Mr. Moody, "when the Bridgton was gasping its last, Mr. Atwood came to Maine to get the narrow-gauge, to bring it back to its native state before the junkmen and blast-furnaces re- moved the last vestige of the 24- inchers from America." Fighting it out for most interest as concerns the equipment, will un- doubtedly be the Baldwin, No. 7, and the Rangeley parlor car. Mr. Moody describes No. 7 as a "squatty little kettle, only about 10 ft. to the top of her stack, laying low on the outside frames, the 7^/4 ft. wide cab perched high above it. The overhang is nearly 3 ft., half again the width of the track, but she looks very steady and substan- tial." She is a modified type, built in 1913 by the Baldwin Locomotive Works, and has a 2-4-4 wheel arrangement, that is, there are two leading wheels, four driving wheels of 35 inch diameter, and four trailers. No. 7 weighs 66,500 lbs., burns soft coal, carrying a ton and a half, and takes 1,000 gals, of water in her tank. She came from the Bridgton line. The parlor-car "Rangeley" was built in 1901 by Jackson & Sharpe, now American Car & Foundry Co., Wilmington, Del., for the Sandy River. It has such luxuries as smoking compartment, observation section, hot-water heat, washroom, and carpeted floor, betasselled win- dows, mahogany inlaid woods, crystal mirrors, kerosene lights and individual, swivel seats, which if the passenger isn't more than a cranberry scoop or so wide, are very comfortable. When operated on the Rangeley Express, the lux- urious conveyance even had a colored porter. The car is about 50 ft. long over the platforms, just under 7 ft. wide and is about 11 ft. from the rail to the top; a standard car built to these same proportions would be approximately 125 ft. long, 18 ft. wide and 13 ft. high. The tank car came from the Bridgton & Harrison and was one of two really owned by its presi- dent, who had a bulk oil plant. It has 3,000 gal. capacity and built on regular 2-ft. flat cars. These were also said to be the only 2-ft. gauge tank cars in North America. The coaches are 42 ft. long, 6% ft. wide, and seat 32. The decks are 24 in. from the rails whereas a standard size coach is nearly 5 ft. Atwood Long a R. R. Fan Mr. Atwood is a member of Rail- road Enthusiasts, Inc., which, in case you do not know, is a group of people who are very fond of railroads — big and small. This Eleven group numbers among its member- ship bankers, businessmen, clergy- men, college professors, camera fans. It meets once a month in a I'oom on the top floor of the old Back Bay station in Boston. Much of the conversation there, it is understood, is rather unintelligible to the average person, with such expressions as "burn the earth," "pass that thistle," "let 'er rock," "keep her steady on the track," "streak of rust," "high-tailing," etc. Mr. Atwood is also a member of the "Railway and Historical So- ciety," which is associated with Bak6r Library, Harvard College. He subscribes to railroad periodi- calsj buys railroad books as they c6me.,out, and has a fine library of I'aill'oad literature and photo- graphsi ■• This business of "hobby railroading" is a very real and active field for it devotees. Already the "Cranberry Belt" line has been accorded wordage in Time Magazine, the Boston Post, the Boston Globe, the New Bedford Standard-Times, the Old Colony Memorial, the Bridgewater Independent", "Wheels" the pub- lication of the American Car and Foundry Company, the Christian Science Monitor. Miss Elizabeth Foster, who has written a new novel "The Island- ers," has mentioned Edaville over the radio and Marjorie Mills has commented upon Mr. Moody's Eda- ville house organ, "The Bogger." Conventions for Edaville are al- ready in the making, with the "Cranberry Belt" the main dish of attraction. The Southeastern Massachusetts Postmasters' Association held the firt — on May 15, when about 80 postmasters and their wives hast- ily gulped a supper and then went out to ride back and. forth on the Edaville R. R. James E. Marvelle, tVareham postmaster, and for many years a railroad man (elec- tric) assumed the role of conductor. When the whistles really start tootin' on the Edaville R. R., and the cars get a-rollin' and things in general get slicked up, the interest which is now generating concern- ing Mr. Atwood's project should have tremendous possibilities. Eda- ville will be a mecca for railroad fans from all over the country. The midget railroad with its picturesque cranberry surroundings will be an earthly paradise for the "shutter bug." Every cranberry grower will hope to see, sooner, or later, this railroad-cranberry project of Mr. Atwood, who has the capacity of having wonderful dreams and then making them practical realities. His "Peacedale" Christmas dis- plays before the war drew visitors from nearly every state in the union and some foreign countries. The Edaville Rail Road definitely has potentialities which could make it one of the show places cf America. "Breathes there a man, with soul so dead" he would not want to glide along in the diminutive par- lor-car "Rangeley," or one of the coaches, around these Cape Cod cranberry bogs? Already this hope is being written in the "future book" of many — I know it is in mine. (Editorial Note: It is only fair to Mr. Atwood to say that since the foregoing was written the wish has come true. Your editor has had a ride not only in the parlor car but in the cab of Old Number Seven herself. And, frankly, it's going to be a tough job in the future not to give the "Cranberry Belt" more space typographically and photo- graphically than should be. Boy, it's a fascinating project.) MR. MOODY Linwood. W. Moody, who is help- ing with Mr. Atwood's railroad af- fairs, has been interested in rail- roading all his life, with writing, publishing and photography his other activities. Hailing from Union, Maine, he has been familiar with and has loved the "doodle- bug" railroads since he was a lad. He started being a railroad man when he was sixteen, and for a time was with the New York, New Haven & Hartford Railroad. Before the war he began the publication of "Moody's Magazine" at Union, this monthly being sub- titled "A Railroad Review." He NOTICE to Subscribers Effective July, 1946, the year- ly subscription rate to CRAN- BERRIES becomes $3.00. The cranberry industry is expand- ing, CRANBERRIES Magazine is now carrying more pages of cranberry information each month, attempting to keep you posted on events as they te- velop and concern all with cran- berry interests. In appreciation of past co- operation, any present sub- s?riber who wishes may renew for one year in advance at the old rate of $2.50 until July 15th. featured the narrow-gauge roads of the country, and was building up a sizeable circulation among rail enthusiasts when the war cut short the life of "Moody's" after three issues. He has taken many railroad photographs and has a notable collection of his own pic- tures and of others. Since his arrival at Edaville, he has been issuing an employee's publication, aptly named "The Bogger." This is mimeographed at present, and written for the most part with a humorous twist concerning the trials and tribula- tions of getting "The Cranberry Belt" in operation. He already has a substantial mailing list, in- cluding many requests from far and wide. This publication, very modest as yet, is spreading the fame of Edaville and of cranber- ries. Mr. Moody, at one time, studied cartooning and he includes many of his own drawings, most enter- taining of which is a series depict- ing Francis Merritt, well-known and. respected foreman of Mr. Atwood's property, and his book- keeper, George Raymond. Mr. Moody takes full cartoonist's lic- ense with the fact George is sub- stantial in horizontal proportions and "builds up" the teeth of Mr. Merritt. They debate cranberry- railroad etiquette, depicting Fran- cis in a Mortimer Snerd role. A sample cartoon appears herewith. Twelv ABOVE' — Mr. Moody, beside the herald he de- signed for the "Cranberry Belt" All pictures CRANBERRIES Photos GEORGE — "No, no, Francis ; you don't wear the funny hat on freight trains." ''Cape Cod Farms" Has Large Cranberry Cannery On Cape Theodore F. Clifton, Presi- dent, Is Also Now Operat- or of Cape Bogs With Idea of Extensive Rejuvination Program. Cape Cod Farms, Inc., Theodore E. Clifton, president, is beginning large scale cranberry processing this season with an announced ca- pacity to process up to 50,000 bar- rels. Mr. Clifton first processed cranberries and other fruit in 1931 at West Barnstable, operating the "Cape Cod Jelly Houses" along Cape highways, these expanding to other points on the Atlantic sea- board, north into Maine and south into Florida. Two years ago Cape Cod Farms processed 10,000 cases or 1,000 barrels of cranberries, and last year 140,000 cases or 14,000 barrels. Cape Cod Farms, Inc., is located at Hyannis, and, Mr. Clifton con- sic ers himself as operating the only cranberry canning plant on Cape Cod, "in the heart of the cranberry belt", advertising this slogan as accurate, because this is the only cranberry canning plant in Barnstable County. Barnstable County, strictly speaking, makes up Cape Cod, although this defini- tion of "The Cape" is often dis- puted. The new Cape Cod Farms office and plant, to which the business moved from the old plant in West Barnstable, was built about five years ago. In addition to cran- berries there is processing of wild beach plum jam, orange and cherry marmalades, and a combination of the two latter, cherry-orange. With the war in progress, Mr, Clifton conceived the idea that the U. S. Army could have beach plum jam on the menu for the boys in service, and succeeded, in obtaining a considerable order for this pro- duct of the berry native to the Cape and to other points along the coast, including New Jersey. In 1944, which was a "good beach plum year" on the Cape, he bought and processed more than 4,000 bushels for the Army. Readers of CRANBERRIES will recall that a couple of years ago there was considerable interest in the commercial possibilities of beach plums, this being particular- ly interesting to cranberry grow- ers, as a good deal of land owned by growers was that on which the beach plum grew or could be made to grow. Mr. Clifton, who was the originator of much of this in- terest, has come definitely to the conclusion that the beach plum is a "one year in three" crop — the first year little or none, the next year moderate, as may be the case this year, and the third year a "good beach plum year." Beach plums come along in the scheme of processing in August, just prior to the cranberry harvest. Mr. Clifton considers that cran- berry sauce belongs among the "quality" foods, for which the con- sumer will pay a higher price and which should bring a higher price to the producer, and has been oper- ating on that theory. Cape Cod Farms pack in both glass and tin, and he believes that he originated the "sliced" cranberry sauce. Quality of the sliced sauce, he be- lieves, is that it has an added ad- vantage in flavor as there is flavor in the seed, and also the product has a certain amount of "texture", it being less of a jelly. He thinks (Continued on Page 16) Thirteen It's more fun fishin' than cuttin' bait! But if someone doesn't "cut bait" and do other forms of productive work there will be no fishing for pleasure, nor other pleasure activities of any kind. Production is need- ed today. Though wages are high and we all have a lot of money, more than we ever had be- fore, it is all worthless without production. High wages and the possession of a lot of money, more than most of us ever had before, mean nothing unless backed up by the production of materials. A large part of the population can't fish nor loaf all the time. This is the 48th in a series of messages, sponsored by the following public-spirited firms and individuals. Slocum-Cibbs Cranberry Co. RUEL S. GIBBS, Gen. Mgr. Jesse A. Holmes & Son Sawmills at Carver, Mass. Tel. Carver 10-3 CRANBERRIES MAGAZINE Decas Cranberry Company Growers and Shippers of CAPE COD CRANBERRIES Wareham, Mass. THIS SPACE OPEN TO YOU Acushnet Saw^ Mills Co. New Bedford, Mass. GOOD WOOD BOXES Est. 1865 L. B. R. BARKER Buzzards Bay Mass. H. R. BAILEY CO. South Carver, Mass. ELLIS D. ATWOOD South Carver, Mass. ISSUE OF JUNE, 1946 Vol. n No. 2 (^^^SJwiCR^eowr/w^^Ii^ THE MARKET IS THERE TO GO AFTER THE national income, from 1939 through 1945, has grown from approximately 71 to 157 billions of dollars. Of this in- crease in the size of the nation's pocket- book, labor's share has been estimated at about 73 per cent for wages and salaries. The average worker is now able to buy more loaves of bread, more food of all kinds, than ever before in history. To have cranberries on his table requires shorter working time on his part than it did in for- mer years. In other words, the average wage-earner can afford the pleasure and health benefits of this semi-luxury fruit almost any time he pleases. With cran- berries, fresh in season, canned, dehydrat- ed and frozen the whole of the year, it is the job of the industry to make him want cranberries more often. The market is there if the industry reaches it. 'PEACELESSNESS" IT is not war; it is not peace, this period we are living through now. Someone has called it "peacelessness". We do not feel the serenity of pease ; as a nation we do not feel warlike — at least toward other nations. In this country what has been going on between organized labor and capital, or between these workers and industry, or however you choose to express the struggle, is certainly not peace. There are conflicts of every kind, from over who gets the quarter pound of butter to who builds a house. Advocates of "statism" of super- control battle those who still believe in in- dividualism. "Peacelessness" stalks our industry. We are at strife among ourselves — we re- flect the general world scene. 'A CLEAR TRACK" EDAVILLE R. TO THE R. THERE may be scoflFers (and in fact there are) at the "Edaville Railroad", and we would not attempt to argue wheth- er it is "practical" or not. Definitely this railroad can be used, probably to excellent advantage, in practical cranberry growing. Of its publicity value to the cranberry in- dustry we have no question. Mr. Atwood and his Cranberry Belt Line railroad will CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS Subscription $2.50 per year Advertising rates upon application Editor and Publisher CLARENCE J. HALL LEMUEL C. HALL Associate Editor CORRESPONDENTS-ADVISORS Wisconsin VERNON GOLDSWORTHY Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin Washington-Oregon J. D. CROWLEY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. ETHEL M. KRANICK Bandon, Oregon Massachusetts DR. HENRY J. FRANKLIN - Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. BERTRAM TOMLINSON Barnstable County Agricultural Agent Barnstable, Mass. New Jersey CHARLES A. DOEHLERT, Acting Chief, New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station, Pemberton, New Jersey bring advertising to cranberries which could not be bought for many thousands of dollars. The numerous stories which have already appeared and radio mention have reminded thousands of people of cranber- ries. The publicity which has already ap- peared, we believe, will be only a drop in the bucket as to what will be in store in newspapers, magazines, movie news and radio when the present plans are in full swing. Here's to a clear track and a full head of steam to "Edaville R, R." and Mr, AtAVOod. Fifteen Foresight is STILL necessary THIS IS THE TIME to plan for Pumps and Dusters — to lay preliminary plans for screenhouse equipment. Remember SUPPLIES ARE STILL LIMITED. Season's Supply of Scoops Now Completed HAYDEN SEPARATOR MANUFACTURING CO. E. C. St. Jacques WAREHAM, MASS. Cape Cod Farms (Continued from Page 13) this sliced cranberry sauce retains the advantages of both the whole berry and the strained sauce, with- out certain disadvantages of each. He packs three kinds, strained, whole, and sliced. Cape Cod Farms sells under two trade names, "Anne Standish Clif- ton" brand, Anne Standish being the maiden name of Mrs. Clifton, who is a direct descendant of Myles Standish, and of "Cape Cod Farms." He classified the product as "Old Fashioned" cranberry sauce. Friends New England Foods, Inc., Melrose, Mass., is the New England distributor, handling the "Cape Cod Farms" brand. Al- ready the product of this Cape Cod cannery is distributed throughout the east and middle west to Kan- sas City. Mr. Clifton has another stake in the cranberry industry besides the processing of cranberries. He is also a grower. Cape Cod Farms now operates about 100 acres of bearing bog, having bought about 90 per cent of the bogs formerly operated by Elnathan E. Eldredge of South Orleans, one of the best known growers of the Cape. These include properties on the lower Cape at Orleans, Chatham and Harwich and consist of the Skaket bogs, the Cove bogs, the Snow, the Emery, the Hurley, the Maple Springs, the Eldredge-Small, the Raymond, the Buck, the Harding, the Orleans, the Meeting House, the R. J. Nickerson, Co'y and Sul- phur Spring Brook. He can and proposes to increase vine acreage on these properties by about 50 more in addition to those now in bearing. Mr. Clifton has the belief — ad- mirable from the viewpoint of an increasing industry — that many of the bogs on the Cape proper which for one reason and another have run out, can, through renovation, be brought back into satisfactory production. He is in the market for such Cape Cod properties and willing to put this theory to the test. WAREHAM HAIL AREA" Wareham (some parts) and ad- jacent area was visited by a brief, but terrific, rain and thunder- storm, with much hail, an the mid- afternoon of June 5th. Consider- able damage to cranberry bogs was the result, just how much could not be determined until the sun had had a chance to shine on the vines for a day or two to see if they "collapsed". Dr. Franklin said. Direct injury to new growth from the slicing hail and rain was obvious immediately. There was also some damage to cultivated blueberries in the re- gion. In less than an hour 1.20 inches of rainfall was recorded at the State bogs, and at West Ware- ham, toward South Carver and in- to Rochester, the hail was piled thick on the bogs, underd trees on the shores, and along the roadside. Tops of the vines only seemed to be visible on a bog or two, and two or three hours after the storm the hailstones could be scooped up in handfuls. Dr. Franklin's bulletin, "Weath- er in Cranberry Culture", 1943, re- ferred to the "Wareham Hail Area", and this storm came with- in this area. He declared that "Wareham and its vicinage has a much worse record of damage by hail than any other cranberry area anywhere." This he ascribed as partly due to the many excellent and extensive bogs there, and partly because of peculiarities f the winds, "Buzzards Bay with its converging shore heads at Ware- ham" providing an excellent chan- nel where strong, moist west and southwest winds come ashore and override cold winds from the north. Tri- County Cranberry Company Belleplain, New Jersey DRYING TRAYS 2' X 4' X 4" Slatted Pine Construction IDEAL FOR FLOATERS AND WET BERRIES 60c apiece In Carload or Trailer shipments Do We Qualify? A recent article in "Cooperative Digest" States: "It takes an honest, hardworking, experienced personnel, together with an active, interested membership, and a capable Eoard of Directors to build a successful cooperative." We beliece that the New England Cranberry Sales Com- pany is such a cooperative and that the members have achieved success in the development of a "cost-basis" service organization as well as establishing through membership in the American Cranberry Exchange, a "market" for all grades and varieties of cranberries produced by them. Why not become a member now of the existing one-man- one vote membership National Cranberry Cooperative? The current increase in membership testifies that WE DO QUALIFY. NEW ENGLAND CRANBERRY SALES CO. 9 Station Street MIDDLEBORO, MASSACHUSETTS You're busy now with "Weeds" and Sprays, But in the Fall you'll count the days When you will have the crop to sell. So here's what we'd like to tell: Our number on the phone please call, Then "P. A. L.S" will see you in the Fall. "KEEP SMILING" PLYMOUTH Tel. 740 Peter A. LeSage YARMOUTH Hyannis 201 Plan Development of Northern Ontario Natural Cranberry Bog Toronto Mining Engineer, Norman Vincent, Has Pro- perty from Which 1200 Barrels of Uncultivated Fruit Has Been Picked; 30 Acres Immediate Ob- jective on 240-Acre Area. Cranberry cultivation in north- ern Ontario appears to be in the cards, as development of a 30 acre bog, first unit of an eventual 240- acre project, is expected to be be- gun in the near future. This will be at Sturgeon Falls at Lake Nipis- sing. This will be the second, Canadian cranberry project, other than those in Nova Scotia. A report of the Larocque bog of 12 acres at Le- mieux in Nicolet County, Quebec, was given in Nov. 1945 issue of CRANBERRIES. This property is about 15 miles south of the St. Lawrence. Eighteen The northern Ontario project is a joint venture of Norman Vincent, who is interested in mining pro- jects, being president of Vincent Mining Corporation, Ltd. Toronto, and also president of Maxson Food Systems Limited, Canadian com- pany of the W. L. Maxson Food Systems, Inc., of New York, in conjunction with Mr. Maxson. Mr. Maxson writes that the prop- erty is located four miles from the town of Sturgeon Falls and cran- berries have grown naturally in this area for many years and. picked in considerable quantities. It is understood that 1200 barrels were picked from this property by Indian harvesters two years ago, and that then only the best patches of the area were picked. There is ample sand and the bog is sur- rounded, on three sides by Lake Nipissing, the cranberry area be- ing a peninsula, so that with pro- per dams and pumping installa- tions the property would be flow- able. This property has been visited by L. B. Handy, veteran cranberry grower of Wareham, Mass., who also visited the Larocque property in Quebec. Mr. Handy visited the property in August, 1944 and was enthused about the cranberry pos- sibilities of this particular prop- erty and, possibilities in genei'al in the area. The property upon which Mr. Vincent proposes to begin cultiva- tion, Mr. Handy says, is covered with natural cranberry vines, and over parts of this have been washed sand from the Sturgeon River, which flows into the lake, forming the peninsula. He saw berries of all shapes and sizes, growing quickly. The area is not wooded, but was covered with a tall grass, unlike any growing in Massachusetts, and this could be easily cleared and made into cul- tivated bog, Mr. Handy was cer- tain. The grass pulled easily, he said. There was abundant water supply, with the water on three sides, although it would have to be We are "All Set" to serve Massachusetts Growers * WITH ANY JOB OF BOG RENOVATION. * NEW BOG CONSTRUCTION * BOG MAINTENANCE We have Power Shovels (3) ; Tractor Bulldozers (3) ; Cranes, Scrapers, 90- Yard Screener; Povi^er Winches, Draggers; Road Grader — 80 competent Oper- ators and employes— AND THE NECESSARY EXPERIENCE AND KNOW- HOW. E. T. Cault Transportation Co. Franconia Service Station Freight Transportation (including cranberries in season). Heavy equipment hauling. Tel. 227 Franconia Coal Co. Water- White Kerosene for Weed Control this spring. Tel. 39-R Tires, Tubes, Batteries, Auto and Truck Re- pairing and Greasing. Jenney Gasoline and Motor Oils. Distributors for MACK and INTERNATIONAL TRUCKS Tel. 39-R CAULT CONSTRUCTION COMPANY Main St., Wareham, Mass. ''EDDIE" T. GAULT, JR. Tel. 227 raised by pumps, and there was ex- cellent bog sand, "whole dunes of it", along the lake shore. Mr. Hand.y, who definitely knows his cranberries and cranberry pro- perties, said he would not consider frosts any handicap. As a matter of fact Sturgeon Lake is not much farther north in latitude than the Cranberry Lake properties of Al- bert Hedler at Phillips, Wisconsin. The Vincent Mining Corporation of which Mr. Vincent is president is an exploration company, primar- ily engaged in the exploration and development of mineral holdings throughout Canada, these includ- ing gold and mica deposits. The M a X s o n Corporation prepares ready-to-serve foods, including complete dinners and packaged, specialties, with a plant on Long Island which has a capacity of 250,000 meals per month, and a plant at Bridgeton, New Jersey, is being equipped, and other plants are contemplated for the Mid- West. Mr. Vincent and Mr. Maxson plan to go into the cultivation of cranberries at Sturgeon Falls gradually, making surveys and. studies. Mr. Vincent plans a visit to Massachusetts in the near fu- ture to consult with Dr. Franklin at the State bog, Mr. Handy, and other growers to obtain as much information as possible about cran- berry cultivation. In addition to requests for information from Mr. Vincent, CRANBERRIES has re- ceived a letter from Roy H. Cock- burn, mayor of Sturgeon Falls. Electronics — and Cranberries "Cranberries" Gets Austrian Request for Information An inquiry has been received by the editor of CRANBERRIES from Schaftenau, Austria, requesting information on cranberry culture. The letter is from one Sepp Schmid, who says he intends to publish a monthly for Austrian farmers and is anxious to obtain information concerning American practices and literature upon agri- culture. He declares that "through American soldiers I learned of your monthly, 'The National Cran- berry Magazine". Editor's Note : Mr. Stein is the grand- son of the late Horace B. Maglathlin of Silver Lake, Mass., one of the best known and most successful of growers, with whom his late father was in partnership. Mr. Stein is a graduate of University of Pittsburg, School of Electrical Engineer- ing, and for three and a half years dur- ing the war was with General Electric Co., working much of the time in elec- tronics, also for the Navy Department, Bureau of Ships, University of Califor- nia, and with the University of Johns Hopkins). by ADAM STEIN, III It is not too early for all of the cranberry growers in all sections of our country to take notice of new technical developments that are being made daily in the field of science and that are being put into useful work in all of our in- dustries. Well recognized are the advances made in the science of soil analysis and plant life through new developments in chemistry and. biological studies made under the able guidance of Dr. Henry J. Franklin and his associates at the Massachusetts State Bog in Ware- ham, Mass. Many advances have Nineteen been made in the fields of mechan- ics and hydxaulics; for instance, more efficient pump designs and the newer all-metal flumes. How- ever, little has been done with our youngest science. Electronics. Electronic control — automatic control — the words are almost syn- onymous. Radar, the most recent and most noted cevelopment of electronics, can play an important part of control for the grower. Thyratron control, an electronic control system for motors, has proven itself a revolutionary means of controlling motor output. Con- trolling large power by a very small input power is no longer just a hope for the future; it is here at this very moment. In the not too distant future the grower can control the flooding of his bogs from his home by d.ialing a com- bination of numbers. Electronics can play a vital part in the grow- er's life by the many eflJicient con- trols it will be possible for him to use. The canning industry should find a large use of electronic devices — automatic heat controls, high fre- quency induction heaters, cookers in which the fruit mixtui'es can be cooked in seconds instead of hours or minutes. Before the war, hours were needed to dry plywood,; now, with high frequency induction ovens, it can be dried in minutes. Steak can be inserted into one of these ovens and pulled from with- in almost as one operation and be completely cooked, ready for eat- ing. Electronics has played a large service for nearly every in- dusty. In one of our steel plants I have watched a huge pig of steel rolled into a long, thin strip in just a few minutes, and with only one operator at the controls. Yes, electronics have a future with the cranberry industry as it expands into this new industrial era. The reader may ask how can the small individ.ual grower be- come a part of this and receive the benefits of this new science. All the growers must contribute some- thing-. They must contribute an interested attitude, an attitude of "Let's try it", and let's obtain the benefits that other groups are to- day sharing. Let's not wait until the science is a half century old before we decide to adopt it. Let's be awake and alive to this new technical world about us. To start a new venture is costly and probably prohibitive to most. However, large industrious elec- tronic laboratories are striving to obtain answers to the problems that face all groups of industries and long for the chance to benefit mankind. These labs \Yould gladly The BEST LAID Irrigation Plans efficient, maxi- mum results of your portable irri- gation system require long-lived, troublefree performance of the power pumping unit . . .• steady performance, that, year after year, delivers water where you need it, when you need it, at the proper volume and pressure. Countless recoi-ds of increased, peak yields testify to this dependable service with Port-A-Rain Power Pumping Units. Choice of eight models assures a unit engineered and priced to meet your specific re- quirements. IMMEDIATE DE- LIVERY. • -go through X.S-. on schedule with Port-A-Rain Portable Power PUMPING UNITS Manufactured by McCUNE and COMPANY Phone 4121 New Waterforc', Ohio Write for Prices and Specifications work in conjunction with the vari- ous organized groups, cooperatives and state associations to carry on a program of joint research. As equipment is developed and proves itself, it should be marketed through normal supply channels and or through the grower coop- eratives and state associations. Growers might find real interest by obtaining literature on elec- tronic control equipment from the electronic industry and the current magazines on electrical apparatus. Loos' Proposal (Continued from Page 7) Vance the cooperative cause in pro- portion to the support it receives from those who are not now mem- bers but who believe in cooperation and are convinced of the desirabil- ity of the broad industry program as outlined. It will in no way in- terfere with the consummation of the remaining featui-es of a plan for a single national cooperative whenever such an organization can be established. If complete unifi- cation is not achieved, at least a very substantial part of the gen- eral program will have been ac- complished in this way. Yours respectfully, (To be signed by Industry Committee and the three State Advisory Committees) N. E. Sales Co. Plans Special Meeting The Executive Committee of the New England Cranberry Sales Co. met in the offices at Middleboro on Friday, May 31. Many items of interest were presented to the Board by the manager, among them being a tentative plan for a special meeting of the members at a time to be arranged, consistent with the availability of a speaker who could bring an interesting message to the members of the Company. The activities of the past month were reported to the Board, and it was noted that Raymond Morse had reported that the calls for the Sales Co. crews continue coming in, that more calls than usual had been received to cate for the spray- ing and, dusting service. The Manager also reported that work had been started at the Ply- mouth screen house for an addi- Twenty tion to the facilities at that point, and the prospective arrangements for the extension in the packing of berries in cellophane bags and in- crease in shipping facilities. It was noted that authorization had been made for the installing of a plant at Tremont for the handl- ing of "floats". The erection of this facility will d.epend on the availability of material, and if es- taablished will be another impor- tant service rendered to the mem- bership. The Manager reported with re- gard to the activities of the Con- tact Committee, and that several memberships had been obtained since the last meeting. It was also reported to the Com- mittee that the Ad.visory or Plan- ning Committee was to hold a meeting in the near future. Reports from other committees were received which also indicated active interest and participation by the membership in the program of the Company. i'***A'.'i:l>t FLAME 30" X 3" — 2000° Fl gn.Tj; STALKS -SEEDS-ROOTS I Endoraod hy Agri. fluthoriliea, 99 ofhet loo: diainlocbng loich. ccicIub pear bu Idtia poison ivy and Qolc; splits rocks: bunisl oul fllumpt: hools wcrter, lead, tor drys out bnma and coopa; thaws: boalB:| tnelts. Died indoors «md outdoors i '«cilhar. Bums ooly 6% kerosone. 94% I air. IQ dsy money back trial oUecF MonL ships at onco. 4 gaL woldod I eloel lank. T boso. aoomless stooll romovablo coU buroor; guarcm- 1 iuXT yoat. 500.000 i FREE illuslTolod bullet AEROIL PRODUCTS CO. S777 Park Ave. WEST NEW YORK, N. J. For over forty years our management has been engaged in the distribution of CAPE COD Cran- berries. A small factor in the deal, yes — but a significant one to those Growers we serve. CoUey Cranberry Company" Plymouth, Mass. OflSce 17 Court Street Telephone Plymouth 1622 "RAIN BIRD SPRINKLERS" ^ Pioneers: Cranberry Frost Protection and Irrigation For complete data write L. R. Nelson Mfg. Co., Peoria, 111. Rain Bird Sprinkler Mfg., Glendora, Cal. For Oregon and Washington, R. M. Wade — Oregon Culvert & Pipe, Portland, Ore. Twenty-one Annual Report THE CRANBERRY STATION East Wareham, Massachusetts H. J. Franklin in Charge Injurious and Beneficial Insects Affecting the Cranberry. (H. J. Franklin.) Hill Fireworm (Tlascala fini- tella). There were plenty of these worms on the heavily vined Bur- rage bog at South Hanson in June, 1944. Cryolite, 50 pounds to the acre applied as a dust on June 28, gave excellent control of the pest. Cranberry Spittle Insect (Clas- toptera saint-cyri). This insect be- gan to hatch on Cape Cod cran- berry bogs as eai'ly as May 31, in 1944. Armyworm (Cirphis unipuncta). This worm appeared in numbers on many cranberry bogs from which the winter water was let off as early as May 20 in the spring of 1945. New Insecticides. During the 1944 growing season, tests of saba- dilla and DDT as possible controls of various cranberry pests were niad.e in cooperation with the United States Bureau of Entomol- ogy, with the following results: Sabadilla in all cases was used as a 20 percent dust. At the rate of 75 pounds per acre, this dust was fully effective against the black-headed fireworm (Rhopo- bota); and at 100 pounds per acre it controlled the blunt-nosed leaf- hopper (Ophiola) reasonably well. Smaller amounts were not enough. At the rate of 100 pounds per acre, it was wholly ineffective as a treat- ment for the cranberry fruit worm (Mineola), and killed only about two-thirds of the cranberry girdler (Crambus) moths treated. No injury to cranberry vines or blossoms from sabadilla was ob- served. It was not liked by the growers because of its sternutative effects on those handling it. This seems to be a fair stop-gap insecti- cide for the black-headeci fireworm and blunt-nosed leafhopper, but probably will never have perma- nent value as a cranberry insecti- cide. DDT. Fifty pounds of 3 percent dust to an acre was fully effective against full-grown gypsy moth caterpillars and the blunt-nosed leafhopper, lesser strengths not being cleai'ly satisfactory. The 5 percent dust at the rate of 100 pounds to the acre was 80 percent effective against the cranberry fruit worm, but was clearly less satisfactory than derris or cryo- lite. The 5 percent dust at the rate of 100 pounds per acre, used after the flight of the moths, killed about 75 percent of the small worms of the cranberry girdler on the bog floor. No evidence ap- Twenty-two peared that DDT is injurious to cranberries at the strengths and in the amounts used. The bee situa- tion is such that it seems danger- ous to advocate the use of this material on cranberry bogs even against pests which it controls reacily. Prevalence of Cranberry Insects. The relative general abundance of cranberry insects in the 1944 sea- son was as follows: 1. Gypsy moth infestation fair- ly heavy throughout the cranberry section of southeastern Massachu- setts. 2. Blunt-nosed leafhopper (Oph- iola) well controlled, and rather scarce everywhere on the bogs. 3. Cranberry fruit worm (Min- eola) extremely abundant and de- structive everywhere in southeast- ern Massachusetts except in Bris- tol County, more so than for many years. It may be worth noting that a similar insect, the codling moth, was also very abundant in New England this year. The fruit worm was not noticeably prevalent on bogs in Midclesex County. 4. Black-headed fireworm less troublesome than usual. 5. No firebeetles (Cryptoceph- alus) found. 6. Spanworms in general not plentiful. 7. False armywoim (Xylenr) normal in abuncance. 8. Black cutworms (Euxoa* yp- silon) very abundant after summer flooding of bogs to control grubs. 9. Cranberry girdler (Crambus) very plentiful and troublesome, due probably to rad.uced resanding and fall flooding caused by labor scarcity, a war condition. 10. Infestations of ci'anberry weevil, cranberry spittle insect, and tipworm about normal. 11. Honeybees and bumblebees normally prevalent. Weather Studies. (H. J. Frank- lin). Further studies since Bulle- tin 402 was published in 1943 have produced additional material which has resulted in the revision of the formulas for use in reckoning min- imum bog temperatures with the 7 p. m. weather data. Winterkilling. Cranberry win- terkilling in Massachusetts in the (Continued on Page 24) ELECTRICAL SUPPLIES • HARDWARE PAINTS GROSSMAN'S 27 Ashley Boulevard Tel. New Bedford 5-7438 THOMAS BROTHERS General Contractors MIDDLEBORO, MASS. Tel. Middleboro 772 Concrete Flumes and Pumpwells Transit Mix Concrete Complete Line of Construction Equipment Excavating - Grading - Hauling Leave the Tough Jobs for Us Our Experience is Your Guarantee Cape Cod Farms, Inc. HYANNIS, MASS. CANNERS OF "OLD FASHIONED" CRANBERRY SAUCE "In the ^^ of the Cranberry Belt" Also Producers of Beach Plum Jam, Orange Marmalade, "Old Fashioned" Cranberry Sauce in glass. We are in the Market for 50,000 BBLS. of Cranberries CAPE COD FARMS, INC. is the owner and operator of Cranberry Bogs in Barnstable County, and Will Purchase Additional Barnstable Acreage for Improvement. THEODORE E. CLIFTON, President Twenty-three Dr. Franklin's Report (Continued from Page 22) winter of 1943-44 was the most extensive and severe in the mem- ory of the oldest growers, causing an estimated reduction in the 1944 crop of at least 30 percent. On many bogs the vines were all killed down to the ground. The extent of this damage was not surprising-, for a much larger cran- beri-y acreage than usual was not flood.ed when it should have been because of the lack of enough rain to build up water supplies in the fall and early winter. The severe frost of May 18-19, which cut off all the new growth that had developed on the winter- killed bogs up to that time, and the severe drought that prevailed most of the summer were very un- favorable to good recovery of the injured vines. In spite of this, the new vine growth by fall was sat- isfactory on nearly all of the cam- aged areas. Some growers tried to help their bogs recover by mow- ing off the dead vines, resanding, or fertilizing, but there is little evidence that any of these meas- ures was definitely beneficial. They had generally resulted in an undesirable growth of runners. Frost. The frost on the night of May 18-19, 1944, considering the date of its occurrence and the minimum bog temperatures reached (from 14 to 25° F.), was one of the most severe in Massa- chusetts cranberry history. It killed all the season's new cran- berry growth on many bogs and caused the old cranberry foliage on a few small areas to turn dark again as in winter. The extensive injury from this frost was due partly to lack of water for flooding and partly to freezing of the vines over the frost flood on some of the colder bogs. Also, since most of the bogs were very cry and ab- sorbed, much more water than us- ual, many did not get flooded as soon as they should have been. It was difficult to estimate the dam- age to the 1944 crop because of the extensive injury from winter- killing. * Essig, College Entomology, 1942, p. 476. of West Coast Division. The West Coast growers are scheduled to ar- rive at Chicago on the 15th, where they will be met by the Chicago staff of CCI and will then go to Wisconsin for a visit there. They will arrive in Massachusetts in time for the meeting, staying at Plymouth, Mass., for a few days, and then going on into New Jer- sey. There will also be a delegation from Wisconsin, including CCI directors. CCI Display At Cleveland Convention WEST COAST VISITORS TO ATTEND CCI Attending CCI meeting will be three prominent members of CCI from the West coast, Mr. and. Mrs. Rolla Pai'rish of Long Beach and Mrs. Gertrude Delligner of War- renton, Oregon. Mr. Parrish is vice president of CCI, in charge Cranberry Canners, Inc., will have an "Ocean Spray" booth at the Home Economics convention, Cleveland,, Ohio, June 24-27. This will be a replica of the "Cranberry Kitchen" at plant one at Hanson, Mass. Miss Ellen Stillman and Miss Janet Crawford, the latter the home economist of CCI, will be in attendance. Irrigation and Frost Protection for Cranberries Send for blueprint and detailed specifications showing cost for typical 23^ acre bog Or send sketch of your bog for special layout. ^-^0^ THE SKINNER IRRIGATION CO. TROY, OHIO GEORGE N. BARRIE, New England Distributor BROOKLINE, MASSACHUSETTS Twenty -four FOR CONTROLLING CRANBERRY PESTS . . Economically NON-PdiSONOUS PYRO C I D E OUST " HIGH m KILLIHG POWERI UNIFORM Cranberry growers have found that Pyrocide Dust effectively con- trols insect infestation, and is economical. Weight for weight, it has equal or better killing power than pyrethrum powder, yet costs a great deal less. Pyrocide Dust is economical and pleasant to use. The men making the applications are saved troublesome throat and skin irrita- tions often experienced when applying some insecticides. Write for free pamphlet. If you are interested in DDT insecticides, ask your distributor about effective *Multicides or write us direct. •Trade Mark re-istered U. S. Pat. Office. iiL- i ii 1) D iJ i J iJ 5DIlJilii/ ilJiJO Vj. MAKERS OF INSECTICIDES FOUNDED 1902 MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA Twenty-five Root Grub (Continued from Paee 4) The committee in charge of this campaign, which it is hoped will have the scope and effectiveness of the false blossom campaign of some years ago, includes President George Short, Cape Cod Growers' Association, presidents of the four cranberry clubs, Russell Make- peace, chairman Plymouth County Cranberry Committee, County Ag- ents Beattie, and Barnstable Coun- ty Bertram Tomlinson, Dr. Frank- lin, Dr. Chandler, and Mr. Kelley of the State Bog. As announced last month, the report prepared by Mr. Beattie as a program of the campaign fol- lows: Progress Report Purpose: To conduct an active educational campaign in order to acquaint cranberry growers with the serious problem of the Cranberry Root Grub in Plymouth County to teach them how it may be controlled through : 1. Identification of this insect, its habits, and type of damage. 2. Actual demonstration of the con- trol measures now known plus any new measures that may be developed: a. Cyaniding b. P. D. B. Flakes c. Summer flooding Rain when you want it! RAIN BIRD SPRINKLERS The outstanding performance of RAIN BIRD sprinklers for portable pipe irrigation systems has brought them great popularity among farmers. These sprinklers will out perform others because there is nothing in the interior to interrupt flow of water. All working parts are on the outside, always accessible and foolproof and the oscillator arm breaks up the stream like nothing you have seen before. No. 20— Yi" conn. Sprinkles to 80 ft. dia. with W. P. 40 lbs. Cap. 2 to 9 G. P. M. Head only $3.00. No. 40— 3/4" conn. Sprinkles to 115 ft. dia. with W. P. 50 lbs. Cap. 5 to 26 G. P. M. Head only $6.00. No. 70—%" or 1" conn. Sprinkles to 150 ft. dia. with W. P. 75 lbs. Cap. 12 to 49 G. P. M. Head only §8.00 BRECK'S 85 STATE STREET, BOSTON, MASS. 3. Winter and twilight meeting when this topic is discussed. 4. Publicity. a. Cranberry magazine b. Circular letters c. News stories in all county editions. Progress to date: 1. Results of the Cranberry Root Grub Survey brought to the at- tention of Cranberry Commodity Committee. 2. Approval of the above commit- tee for a real drive to combat this pest similar to the False Blossom campaign. 3. Discussion of Root Grub prob- lem and tentative plans of action at first winter club meeting. 4. Two new stories in Cranberry Magazine of results of Root Grub survey. 5. Appointment of a small tech- nical committee, recommended by commodity committee, made by directors of Cape Cod Cran- berry Growers' Association af- ter securing cooperation of in- terested groups. Function of Technical Committee: 1. To council with the county ag- ents and assist in the prepar- ation of the plan for the cam- paign. 2. To determine method of control in specific cases and under ex- isting conditions. 3. To promote campaign through the various cranberry organiza- tions. 4. To establish a reasonable goal such as acreage to be treated in the next five years. Possible Methods (not in order of timing: 1. News story in Cranberry Maga- zine of appointment of technical committee and plans of action. 2. Circular letter to growers on financial losses resulting from this insect, plus other features such as results of grub control methods in the past. (Continued on Page 28) A.GRICO: FOR CRANBERRIES We recommend Agrico for Cranberries, 5-8-7 Fertilizer this spring Dealers at Carver, Middleboro, Wareham, Plymouth and throughout the entire Cape The AMERICAN AGRICULTURAL CHEMICAL CO. North Weymouth, Mass. Telephone Weymouth 2640 is the Top-Ranking Pyrethrum Powder for Cranberry Dust ! Stimtox "A" is an eifective, low-cost Py- rethrum Powder acti- vated for use in agricul- tural dusts. A time- tested product, Stimtox "A" for many years has proved its value and economy in the field. Because approved Stimtox "A" is SAFE to use, it is especially rec- ommended for cranber- ries. Readily available, adequate supplies of Stimtox "A" are on hand for use on your 1946 crops. Write Us Today For Detailed Information John Powell & Co., Inc. One Park Avenue, New York IS, N, yF (Continued from Page 26) 3. Prepai-e news articles on above for county newspapers. 4. Possibility of radio broadcast, using local growers and an- nounce through circular letter beforehand. 5. Encourage loans by all agencies in connection with root grub control where necessary. a. Independent buyers of cranberries b. Cooperative agencies c. Local banks, etc. Collect illustrative material such as: a. Plastic mounts b. Colored slides c. Drawings d,. Pictures of bogs before and after treatments e. Specimen in bottles Secure sign-up of growers in- terestec : a. Prepare card for this pur- pose and list acreage to be treated and if a visit to the bog is requested. PROTECT THIS YEAR'S PROMISE FOR A PROFITABLE CRANBERRY CROP Use Black Leaf 40 in accordance with State recommendations for the control of Spittle Insect Blunt-Nosed Leafhopper Blackheaded Fireworm Red-Striped Fireworm TOBACCO BY-PRODUCTS & CHEMICAL CORP. Incorporated LOUISVILLE, KENTUCKY HUBBARD Fertilizers — Insecticides See Your Local Dealer MANUEL A. SOUZA General Agent MARION, MASS. Phone Marion 236 The Rogers & Hubbard Co. PORTLAND, CONNECTICUT b. To be distributed by New England Cranberry Sales Co., Cranberry Canners, Inc., Independents, and the two County Extension offices. 8. Possibility of slogan contest or any "interest getting" scheme for this campaign. 9. Field Demonstrations of meth- ods of control at gro\yers' meet- ings, plus identification of the pest in question and its habits. a. Cyaniding b. Use of P. D. B. Flakes c. Flooding 10. Check results of demonstration at certain intervals. 11. Give some form of recognition to those doing a good job. 12. Report each year what has been accomplished. 13. Use some catchy statement on each circular pertaining to root grub. 14. County Agents to allow tirne for personal service work in the form of farm visits, partic- ularly to those cooperating with the campaign. Oregon Growers' Educational Program About 120 growers of Coos and Curry counties, Oregon, met re- cently at Dew Valley Grange hall, these being members and guests of Southwestern Oregon Cranberry Club. They approved a proposal for an educational program, and it was agreed that the cranberry in- dustry in this "booming" area is a sound and profitable business, justifying the expansion which is going on. George Jenkins, County Agent, and Curry County Agent R. M. Knox, proposed an aggressive edu- cational program and offered the services of the Oregon State Col- lege and experiment stations to the growers. Ralph Clark, assistant state horticultural specialist, and Mr. Rosenstell, extension entomol- ogist, both of the college at Cor- vallis, spoke briefly on research and demonstrated assistance which was available to growers. Fred Adams, joint state repre- sentative from Coos and Curry counties and chairman of the Land Use Committee, spoke on legislat- ive matters and supported the de- velopment of cranberry growing interests by announcing that he is developing a new bog of his own near Gold Beach in Curry County. for Fruits Field Crops Cotton Tobacco Ornamentals Home Gardens Form Animals Dairy Barns Form Buildings Mills etc. For almost half a century. General Chemical Agricultural Insecticides and Fungicides have been a leading choice of American growers. That's because they are reliable products . . . proven dependable wherever crops are raised. . . . and, rightly so, for every General Chemical Spray or Dust is the result of sound, thorough research in the laboratory and in the field— developed out of long, close as- sociation with growers in their never-ending fight against insects and plant diseases. To get the most from your crops, give them the best possible protection with ORCHARD"^ BRAND SPRAYS AND DUSTS >- ARSENICAL INSECTICIDES Lead Arsenate "Astringent" and Standard Calcium Arsenate Arsenite of Zinc Paris Green Parical* (Blend, Paris Green-Calciom Arsenate) Aptiis-Weevil Dust INSECTICIDE-FUNGICIDE (For Potatoes— Tomatoes) Potato Spray-Dust (High strength copper-arsenical) NICOTINE-ROTENONE-SULFUR DUST »150 Dust {Kills Aphis, Certain Worms, Beetles) ROTENONE PRODUCTS "400" Spray (4% Rotenone) "100" Dust (1% Rotenone) "75* Dust (.75% Rotenone) NICOTINE MATERIALS Nicotine Sulfate 40% Nicotine Z.F. Base (Nicotinyl Zinc fluosilicate) SULFUR SPRAY MATERIALS Apple Dritomic=f= Sulfur (Micro-Particle) Oritomic=!< Sulfur (Peach Spray) COPPER SPRAYING & DUSTING MATERIALS SprayCop* (Neutral Copper, 29%, with adhesive) "340"SprayCop* (Neutral Copper,34%) "530" SprayCop* (53% Copper) Bordeaux Mixture Duscopt (Neutral Copper Dust) Copar* Dust (Neutral Copper- Arsenical) Potato CoparH: ^^J^\ (Neutral Copper- Strong Arsenical) SPREADER-STICKER Filmfcst* (To make sprays cover better, last longer) PRE-HARVEST SPRAY Stofast* (To stop pre-harvest drop of apples) Many General Chemical Produces are developed expressly for specific regional needs, and are not distributed for use under all territorial conditions. DDT PRODUCTS Genitoxt S50 (50% DDT Spray Powder) Genitoxt D50 {50% DDT Dust Compound) Genicide* A {DDT-Genicide for Codling Moth, Mites) Genicopt Spray (Highly concentrated DDT— Neutral Copper) Genicopt 3-6 (DDT-NeutroI Copper Dust) Genicopt Dust Base (Highly concen- trated DDT — Neutral Copper) Genidustt D-10 (10% DDT Powder) Genidustt D-5 (5% DDT Dust) Genidustt D-3 (3% DDT Dust) Genitolt EM-25 (25% DDT Barn, Mill Spray; Oil Solution for use with water) *Reg. U.S. Pat. Off. tTracIe Mark, General Chemical Company GENERAL CHEMICAL COMPANY 40 Rector Street, New York 6, N. Y. Sales and Technical Service Offices in Principal Distributing Centers FRESH FROM THE FIELDS By C J. H. MASSACHUSETTS HTwilight Meeting — Twilight meetings featuring control of gyp- sy moth were held at the State Bog and at the property of A. S. Gorham, Pembroks, June 3rd, Dr. Franklin in charge at East Ware- ham and Joseph Kelley at Pem- broke. Meetings were arranged by County Agent J. Richard Beat- tie. Following the meeting at East Wareham, many of the grow- ers "sat in" at the Experiment Station while Dr. Franklin and Dr. Chandler gathered data for a possible frost warning that night. There was none issued, tempera- ture low, figuring out 30-31, but there had been a June warning the previous day, with 29 predicted and 29 quite generally reached. CRANBERRIES Packed for PLYMOUTH - MASSACHUSETTS by Stokelys FINEST FOODS NEW BEDFORD - MASSACHUSETTS UMay "Indefinite" — May prob- ably did not change the crop pros- pects materially either upwards or downwards, in the opinion of Dr. Franklin. There was definitely too much rainfall. On the other hand May brought lesser frost damage than average May injury and in that respect was favorable. TIFive Frosts — Frosts during the months totalled 5, these being on the nights of: May 1, temperatures 20-27; May 2, lower reports of from 15-23; May 8, 19-23; and May 8, 22-26, and May 29. This latter date brought reliable records as low as 25 and there was some frost damage, this being true on dry bogs especially. This frost was the culmination of a three-day northeaster, bringing heavy rain squalls, strong and cold winds. UMonth Was Rainy — May was anything but a pleasant month, the total precipitation as recorded at East Wareham being 4.33 inches, with rain falling on 15 days and a trace on 3 others. Temperature departure for the month from nor- mal was record.ed at Boston on May 31 as plus 19. HWater Supply Up — The rains of May in particular and some in April brought ponds and reservoirs up very rapidly, and many growers, in fact, wei'e surprised at how rap- idly they did come back. The ground had apparently become less dxy than it had been for a long time and the water table respond- ed quickly, this being reflected in rising levels in the ponds and reservoirs. There was so much that growers let it run through most bogs. HGypsies Look Bad — The gypsy moth situation is not good. The caterpillars began to drift about by the 15th, about on schedule, and by the end of the month the pros- pects were for unusually heavy infestation, pi'obably the worst in several years, at least in Plymouth County. Reports from Barnstable County seemed to indicate gypsies were not so severe as off the Cape. Thirty HBlueberry Prospects Good — Blueberry prospects at end of May seemed very good, with a very heavy blossom. This auspicious condition was pretty general. There was some frost loss reported in Middleboro and some on the outer Cape at Orleans, but little or none around the Wareham area. WISCONSIN IJConditions Improve — Spring- conditions in general were not con- sidered of the most desirable in early May and prior to that, but as the month closed the weather warmed up considerably and the vines began making a nice start. There was spraying and d.usting for fireworm and a reasonably good control was being obtained, and not much damage from this pest was expected this season. There was no substantial amount of rain, and some of the reservoirs were not too full, the possibility of drought being serious later on be- ing present. In spite of the rath- er mixed conditions, Vernon Golds- worthy at May's end reported he "would not be surprised if Wiscon- sin had its largest crop in 1946." NEW JERSEY NEWS The Cranberry and, Blueberry Re- search Laboratory has moved from its old location, 37 Elizabeth Street, SmiR IRRIGATIOU With LESS WATER A Model For Every Pressure or Truck Garden. Easily nted en any irrigation pipe. ss and bronze conttructlen Sand and dirt proof, Wa- lorings— no oil or grease re- moving parts to rapidly lum coverage— even ihuU for Farm, Oi and quickly Heavy duty for long servi ter lubricated! quired. No wear out. Mi bulien. . Wrile^yiltBtlure and pri'cec THE CLAPPER CO. FORMERLY NEW ENGLAND TORO CO. 1121 WASHINGTON ST. WEST NEWTON 65, MASS. PHONE BIGELOW 7900 ^ BUCKNER MANUFACTURING C0./» 1615 Blackstone Ave., Fresno, CaUfornil BUCKNER SPRINKLERS Pemberton, to a farm house one- half mile from town on the Browns Mills Road. This is the same road, Elizabeth Street changing to Browns Mills Road when it crosses the borough line. there are now 275 who are either producing cranberries or buying land and peparing to plant. She reports that acreage expansion is going on very rapidly. May temperatures averaged about normal or an average mean of 63.8° at the month ended. Pre- cipitation has been 2 inches above normal, making up somewhat for the deficit of the first four months of 1946. The Coos Co-op held a social meeting at the Masonic Hall on Sunday, May 19th. Here the growers got together and discussed mutual growing problems, ate a fine dinner, and listened to a musi- cal program put on by the mem- bers. Blueberries were maturing ra- pidly and, if the present favorable weather continues, picking would, probably start generally by the sec- ond week of June. Crop prospects are for at least a normal crop. Winter injury has developed in many fields, and is quite generally present on Cabots. Frost injury has been spotty. Very little rain has fallen during the latter part of April and May. Frost struck the Bandon area on April 20 and again on the 29th, temperatures being as low as 25 on both nights. Cranberries during May came along rapidly with many bogs in the dangle stage by May 25. Blunt- nosed leafhoppers started to hatch by May 22 near Pemberton. Some blossom worm and spotted, fireworm activity was noted. Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK At Screenhoueea, Bon ^nd Pumpi Mean* Satielaction ALFRED PAPPI WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. 626 OREGON NOTES By Mrs. Ethel Kranick Mi's. Tess Olson, corresponding secretary for the Southwestern Oregon Cranberry club, states that S-Tiiler — • THE MOST OMPLETE l*INE OF TILLAGE EQUIPMENT IN THE WORLD CA PACITIES U IN TO 7 FT CUTTING WIDTHS ARIENS CO. K nait BRILLION. WIS We Have UstlBfO of Cranberry Bogs, Large and Small FOR SALE Geo. A. Cole Agency WILDA HANEY Decas Block Wareham, Massachusette LLOYD M. HENDRICK Registered Architect Architect-Engineer Public, Cominercial and Domestic Work BAKER BLDG. BUZZARDS BAY AND POCASSET, MASS. If you are buying or selling Cranberry Property it will pay you to see us. A number of properties available, more wanted. Thirty-one Wisconsin Meeting A proposed Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company meeting, May 27, was postponed until June 12th. At this time it was expected consider- ation would be given to the plans for possible consolidation. Coast Advisory Committee, with the National Board of Directors, Jim Olson as his alternate. Mr.. with Mrs. Kranick as his alternate Kranick was also nominated as an Sumner Fish has been retained Oregon candidate for a place on as local secretary. KRANICK MEMBER ADVISORY COMMITTEE CRANBERRY CANNERS Members of Cranberry Canners, Inc., West Coast, met at the can- ning plant in Coquille, Oregon, re- cently, to elect officers and con- duct a round table discussion on the service rendered the past year. Members were well satisfied with last year's operation, espec- ially the price received for their canned berries, which was consid- erably above the fresh fruit price. All fresh fruit was marketed by Cranberry Canners, through the American Cranberry Exchange, the fresh fruit cooperative, who recently paid off another 10c per box more than was expected by the growers. L. M. Kranick was elected chair- man and member of the West Postwar has brought about no ending of the obligation of those engaged in agriculture to produce to the utmost. Electricity is one of the greatest aids to efficiency, and greater production in agriculture. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM Tel. 200 PLYMOUTH Tel. 1300 PYROCIDE DUST \\ // Impregnated Pyrethrum Less Cost Per Acre Is Again Available to the Cranberry Growers This insecticide has been used by a number of large growers for many years with good results in controlling Gypsy Moths, Fireworms, Leaf Hoppers, and all other insects that the spray chart recommends Pyrethrum Products as the best control. For Sale by BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY Cape Cod Cranberries WAREHAM, MASS. Telephone 970 130 Thirty-two SjS. The American Way ^ wk Wk We in America have kept our promise to keep a place in the world where "The American Way" — free enterprise, can continue to develop and progress. At present, we are beset with many prob- lems. If we keep plugging along in "the American Way", we will win out. Sip mi^ (3? m^ MIN-OT FOOD PACKERS, Inc. BRIDGETON, NEW JERSEY Represented by BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY ^ ■i^ a Name . . . and a Reputation A GOOD REPUTATION is a long time growing. It is built step by step through sound business practice, fair play and respect fur the rights of others. THE AMERICAN CRANBERRY EXCHANGE is proud of its reputa- tion— of its name — of the prestige and good will it enjoys in the trade and with the grower. It is a valuable asset, earning dividends which every member grower shares. It is a sound investment in the future of the cranberry industry. American Cranberry Exchange U. S. Dept. of Agriculture Lie. J\'o. 1 The Cranberry Growers' Cooperative CHICAGO • NEW YORK UI\TI|-^>^ /-V yft I Z.,\J\J\J,\J\J\J y-V I I.AM\ ll>( 1^ V^O I l\ I 4PE COD lElY JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON CRANBERRIES PHOT4 SPRAYING FROM THE AIR IN MASSACHUSETTS — Bi-plane Is Risine for Dike 30 cents Background is Important Too ! OACKGROUND is the sum of one's experience. The Growers Cranberry Company's experience covers over fifty-one years of successful co-operative service for cranberry growers. Mem- bers find that this valuable experience insures them more profitable operations through better marketing and supplies service. Growers Cranberry Company, Inc. PEMBERTON, NEW JERSEY -WISCONSIN MOVES FORWARD COOPERATION PAYS Co-operation has been a major factor in the progress of Wisconsin to second place production in the cranberry industry. True co-operation will continue to pay dividends in the future. Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin End -of -Year Record of CCI The close of CCFs fiscal year on May 31 shows the following record: Volume of Cranberries Processed 22,042,482 pounds Total Net Sales $7,523,755.56 Earned for Members: $21.22 per hundred pounds for cranberries delivered Dividends paid : $ 1.00 per share on Voting Common Stock $ 1.00 per share on Preferred Stock Reduced Good Will by $25,000.00 Greater support of cooperative processing- by more growers is bringing greater returns, while at the same time building a stronger, safer cooperative. CRANBERRY CANNERS, Inc. The Growers' Cooperative Canning Company Hanson, Mass. Onset, Mass. Long Beach^ Wash. Coquille, Ore. Plymouth, Mass. Dennis, Mass. Markham, Wash. Bordentown, N. J. North Harwich, Mass. North Chicago, HI. SERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY ADAMS & GOULD Lumber Dealers "Everything Under Cover" East Warcham, Mass. Tel. Wareham 648 Building Material for Bog, Screenhouse and Home Uses Paints - Hardware Marinette & Menominee Box Co. Marinette, Wisconsin BOXES. BOX SHOCKS, CRATING WIREBOUND BOXES AND CRATES M & M's 64th Year Serving the Wisconsin Cranberry Growers KROP-SAVER brand INSECTICIDES FUNGICIDES For the Cranberry Grower CROP-SAVER CHEMICAL COMPANY, Inc. 2630 West Arthington St. Chicago 12, Illinois Cape & Vineyard Electric Company Offices : Chatham Falmouth Hyannis Vineyard Haven Established 184? Hall & Cole Incorporated Commission Merchants and Jobbers 94 Faneuil Hall Market 102 BOSTON, MASS. APPLES AND CRANBERRIES SPECIALTIES Car Lot Receivers The National Bank of Wareham Wareham, Mass. MEMBER FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION The People's National Bank & Trust Co. Pemberton, New Jersey Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Wood County National Bank Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin MEMBER FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION The PLYMOUTH NATIONAL BANK Plymouth Massachusetts Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ®!KEG:T©RY FOR CRA&JBERRY GROWERS MASSACHUSETTS Call WAREHAM 162 S. CM. Packard & Go. Hardware — Locksmiths For Maintenance Supplies Diesel Bulldozer Tractor Plowing and Harrowing E C. HOWES WEST WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. Wareham 405-W-2 Experienced in Bog Work HERE WE GO If you want QUALITY THAT'S WHERE WE FIT GIVE US A CALL FROST INSECTICIDE CO. Box 36 Arlington 74, Mass. USE DYNAMITE The modern way to re- imove stumps, excavate irocks, DIG CORES FOR DIKES, and other blasting work in cranberry growing. Speeds up work — reduces costs. CONSULT WITH US ON ANY WORK YOU ARE PLANNING. Trained by Hercules Powder Co. |ALTON J. SMITH High St., Hanson, Mass. Tel. Bryantville 209-R-3 Serving Western Cranberry Growers with High Quality Products Rotenone Pyrethrum Sabadilla Nicotine Copper Sprays Oil Sprays Lime Sulphur Solution l^iller Prodocts Company Portland 1, Oregon JOHN HILL Plymouth St. Bryantville, Mass. Offers Cranberry Growers the Value: Of Long Experience in Cranberry Work plus The Latest in Construction- Renovation Equipment, in- cluding: 2 Caterpillar Tractor Bulk'ozers 2 Power Shovels Sand, Gravel, Crushed Stone Delivered Tel. Bryantville 6422 Survey of Mass. Cranberry Industry Is Now Assured A new Massachusetts cranberry survey is now assured, the sum of $5,000 having been appropriated for this, and the Massachusetts commissioner of agriculture, Fred E. Cole, in conjunction with Dr. H. J. Franklin, airector of Experiment Station, East Wareham, are mak- ing arrangements. There is to be a meeting July 18 at the Experi- ment Station with Commissioner Cole, two representatives from his office, C. D. Stevens, N. E. Crop Statistician, representatives of the State College, Amherst, George E. Short, president Cape Cod Cran- berry Growers Association, Coun- ty Agents Bertram Tomlinson, Barnstable, and, J. Richard Beattie, Plymouth County, and a few rep- resentative growers. There has been no survey of the industry in Massachusetts in 12 years, and such a survey has been a hoped-for project sponsored by the Association. A letter from President Short to Commissioner Cole was published in last month's issue, an Association committee consisting of Homer Gibbs, Mar- cus L. Urann and Mr. Short having been appointed. Massachusetts growers are also requesting the sum of $5,000 for use of the Experiment Station, to provide laboratory space and. equipment, heating, transpoi'tation, and other needed improvements to carry out programs efficiently. An appropriation for this has been passed by the Ways and Means Committee of the Massachusetts Legislature. ANNUAL SUMMER MEETING OF MASS. BLUEBERRY GROWERS Annual summer meeting of Southeastern Massachusetts Blue- berry Growers' Association, Gil- bert T. Beaton, president, was scheduled for July 11 at the Lake- ville plantation of Ernest Maxim of MiddJeboro. There was to be an inspection of the orchard, talks by Prof. William S. Bailey of Mas- sachusetts State College, and oth- ers, followed by a basket lunch. Report of the prospective blue- berry crop was to be given and in- dications were that there is a fair- ly good crop, although "spotty", with some growers having excel- lent production while others have much less. It was hoped produc- tion would exceed, that of last Subscribe to CRANBERRIES Magazine Two Wisconsin Co-operative Groups Following Sales Co. ''Split" Dissident Group Takes Out an Estimated 40% of Pro- duction— Henry F. Duck- art Heads Unit — William F. Huffman, Vice Presi- dent of Sales Co., Suc- ceeds O. O. Potter, One of Withdrawing Unit Withdrawing from the Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company after failing in attempts to align the 40- year-old cooperative with Cran- berry Canners, Inc., in a new mar- keting agency, a minority group of Wisconsin marsh owners and oper- ators have organized, a new state unit affiliated with CCI. Meeting in Wisconsin Rapids June 28, the dissident group elect- ed temporary officers and directors who will serve until the organiza- tion holds its first annual meeting, the date for which has not been set. Heni'y F. Duckart, Wisconsin Rapids, is president, and Robert I'hiele, Wisconsin Rapids, is sec- retary. Members of the temporary board are F. P. Mengel, Roy M. Potter and William F. Thiele, all of Wisconsin Rapids; R. R. Pease, Mather, and C. L. Lewis, Shell Lake. Committees were named to select office quarters in Wisconsin Rapids and to engage an entomol- ogist to serve the grower-members. The Wisconsin Cranberry Sales company, up to the time of the withdrawals, had. 126 members, the withdrawing group representing about 23 per cent of the member- ship. The resigning members' pro- duction has been approximately 40 per cent of the total average crop controlled by the Sales company, according to statistics furnished by Vernon Goldsworthy, Wisconsin Sales company manager. "The issue on which the 29 mem- bers withdrew", said Goldsworthy, "was difference of opinion as to the best method by which growers would market their berries. The Wisconsin company on June 12 voted 60 to 32 to maintain its .status as a cooperative under Wis- consin laws and rejected a proposal to affiliate with Cranberry Canners, Inc., on a stock ownership and Four patronage basis. "The Wisconsin Sales Company will abide by its legal contract and moral obligations with the Amer- ican Cranberry Exchange covering the 1946-47 crops", Goldsworthy declared. "The company will pro- ceed according to its long estab- lished and time-tested principles of cooperative marketing and will maintain all of its functions to members". O. O. Potter, Warrens, one of the withdrawing members, resigned as president of the Sales company, and William F. Huffman, Wiscon- sin Rapids, vice president, was elevated to the presidency. Three cirectors resigned, and the board elected Guy Nash, Wisconsin Rap- ids, Newell Jasperson of the Whit- tlesey Cranberry company, Cran- moor, and Keith Bennett of the Phil Bennett marsh. Warrens, to fill the unexpired terms. The board will name a new vice president at its July meeting. The new state group is a non- stock organizations, but its mem- bers will acquire stock in Cran- berry Canners, Inc., whose corpor- ate and financial structure it is proposed to use as the framework for establishing the new marketing agency, the National Cranberry association. It was this proposal, advanced by the "Voluntary Com- mittee" including principal CCI stockholders, which was rejected by the Wisconsin Sales company June 12th. It has been indicated, by Presi- dent Duckart that the new state organization will seek to negotiate an agreement with the Wisconsin Sales company for allocation of the Wisconsin crop to the fresh fruit market and for canning.. N. E. Sales Has Dinner Meeting With Speaker No Formal Consideration of "Voluntary Committee" Plan — Decide to Let Res- ignation Limit stand Un- changed New England Cranberry Sales Company, at a special supper meeting June 13th, heard a talk upon the changing picture in mar- keting, by Alan MacLeod of New England Research Council, Storrs, Connecticut, acted upon one arti- cle of business, and informally dis- cussed the plan for the "National Cranberry Association" and the Karl D. Loos "Interim" plan; also the vote Wisconsin Sales Co. had taken the day before. Approximately 135 enjoyed a chicken pie supper at Sons of Vet- erans' hall, Carver, and then ad- journed to Carver Town Hall for the meeting, which was the first presided over by the new presi- dent, George H. Cowen of Roch- ester. At the conclusion of discus- sion Mr. Cowen asserted: "We (New England Sales Co.) are not going to sink if you people will stand back of the Sales Company and, of the American Cranberry Exchange. If you do we will have two strong cooperative organiza- tions." C. M. Chaney, commenting upon the "Interim" plan, said Mr. Loos recognized it was subject to vari- ous changes which might improve its workability, and declared, "Al- though this plan, hurriedly drawn up by Mr. Loos, is not perfect, and he knew that, I want to go on the record as in favor of it, if it can be worked out." E. L. Bartholomew, reporting for the Planning Committee in the ab- sence of Ruel Gibbs, chairman, said: "We are trying to furnish a plan which will ultimately pro- vice cooperation between the fresh and the canning cooperatives. We are suggesting using the 'Interim' plan as a working basis, but if wo fail to get an agreement on that we have a plan of our own we are working upon. "We are working diligently. We are working to keep the American Cranberry Exchange in control of the fresh fruit market. That is the ultimate goal. We are also working to eventually have a "nat- ional over-all cooperative'' which (Continued on Page 16) Issue of July, 1946 — Vol. 11, No. 3 Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop, Main St.. Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscription $2.60 per year Entered as second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post office at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3, 1879. CCI Holds Annual Meeting and Directors' Meeting June 25th Latter Body Recommends Plans which will "Evolve" Cooperative into "Nation- al Cranberry Association" With Vote of Stockhold- ers, August 20th — More Than 400 Attend At the annual meeting of Cran- berry Canners. Inc., South Han- son, Mass., Tuesday, June 25, mem- bers elected directors, approved reports; directors met and elected officers and executive committee and voted resolutions which will change certain by-laws of the co- operative, and when members meet at a special session August 20 to "formalize" the resolutions, CCI, with a favorable vote, will "evolve" into the new overall, "National Cranberry Association." There were more than 400 present, and the meeting was brief, ending at noon to enable members to at- tend the funeral of Walter A. Nealey, chemist and d.irector of re- search of the co-op, who died June 22nd. In their recommendation, and in the vote of the membership to come August 20, action is upon the plan by the so-called "Volun- tary Committee" which had been circularized to members and other growers of the industry (also pub- lished in full in this magazine last month). This August meeting, it was stated at the meeting, is ex- pected to be brief and much of the voting was expected to be by exer- cise of proxy. It has been stated that new locals may be formed in the new National Association if the members so desire, and one is anticipated in Wisconsin and prob- ably in other areas. There will be dual membei'ship with whatever locals are formed, and the direct membership in the national. New membership is to be 100 per cent participation of crop, but con- tracts now in force will be honored until their expiration, and then these members must renew mem- bership on the 100 per cent partic- ipation basis, it is further stated. The 1946 crop will be on the one pool for all cranberries, fresh and processed from all areas. Directors in their meeting vot- ed to recommend the change in name from Cranberry Canners, Inc., to the National Cranberry Association, to change the resi- dent agent in the state of Dela- ware, where CCI is incorporated, and the following vote: Voted: That a special meet- ing of the stockhoMers of the corporation be and hereby is called to be held at the office of the corporation in Hanson, Mas- sachusetts, on Tuesday, August 20, 1946, at 10.00 o'clock in the forenoon for the purpose of con- sidering and acting upon the matter of amending the Certifi- cate of Incorporation in the man- ner declared by the Board of Di- rectors at this meeting to be advisable, and, to consider and act upon the matter of amending Articles VII, IX, XII, XV, XVI, and XXV, or of repealing all of the By-laws and adopting new By-laws for the corporation, in such manner and form as may be approved at the meeting, and to consider and act upon any other matters which may prop- erly come before the meeting. Officers Officers elected by the directors are: President, Marcus L. Urann; first vice president, Carl B. Urann; second vice president, Franklin S. Chambers; third vice president, Charles L. Lewis; vice president Western Division, Marcus M. Ha- vey; vice president Pacific Divis- ion, William S. Jacobson; vice president in charge of sales, H. Gordon Mann; vice presid.ent in growers' service, Ferris C. Waite; secretary and treasurer, J. C. Makepeace. Executive committee: Marcus M. Urann, alternate, Carl B. Urann; Isaac Harrison, alternate, Enoch Bills; Charles L. Lewis, alternate, Albert H. Heeler; Ellis D. Atwood, alternate, Harrison Goddard; John C. Makepeace, alternate, Russell Makepeace. In the annual election by signed Australian ballot, ■ directors, 12 in number, were as follows: Massa- chusetts, Ellis D. Atwood, Harri- son Goddard, Robert Handy, John C. Makepeace, Marcus L. Urann, Rolla Parish; New Jersey, Enoch F. Bills, Franklin S. Chambers, Isaac Harrison; Wisconsin, Albert Hedler, Charles L. Lewis, Guy Potter. The only changes from last year were in the Massachu- setts group when Carl B. Urann and Russell Makepeace were elect- ed. These elected were the names on the prepared ballot with oppor- tunity to write in others, but the list of 12 was unchanged by the voters. Neither during the meeting, so much briefer than usual, was there any debate from the floor, nor questions asked, excepting one item in the financial statement as read by Auditor Miller. In his report Mr. Miller told stockholders that total sales for the fiscal year ended were $7,930,- Five 306.32, with a net sale from disposition of 1945 crop $7,523,- 755.56. Net proceeds available for distribution were $4,407,451.83, the disposition from the operations being $21.00 per barrel. Preferred, stockholders were paid a 2% divi- dend or 50 per share, common stockholders were paid a 4'/' civi- dend or SI. 00 per share, and as a final distribution of net proceeds each member who participated in the 1946 processing was credited with 22 cents per barrel, making- a total distribution of $21.22 per barrel. Handled at Hanson were report- ed as 126,220.70 bbls.; New Jersey, 10,605.76; North Chicago, 23,408.- 22; Pacific, 31,525.05; total, 191,- 859.73, and fresh berry pool Pa- cific 7,564.50. Last Annual of CCI ■ President Urann opened the meeting at 10 a. m., saying this was the last annual meeting of Cranberry Canners, Inc. as such, and announced, the sad news of the ['eath of Mr. Nealey, declaring that the meeting would be made as brief as possible to permit members to pay tribute to the late chemist of the organization, the services to be held at 2.30 that afternoon. Mr. Urann spoke of the shock to his associates by the sudden death and told how much Mr. Nealey had, contributed to the success of CCI, how happy he had been in his work, and how it had been his wish to make his home at Hanson and to live out his life in the community. The call to the meeting was read by Secretary J. C. Makepeace and then he proceeded to read the secretary's report and records of meetings of directors and execu- tive committee since the last an- nual meeting. In commenting upon the fa:t this was to be the last annual meeting of CCI, Urann told of the growth since 1932, and how its present membership was 402 in Massachusetts, 37 in New Jersey, one membership (that of Wiscon- sin Cranberry Sales Co.) in Wis- consin. Stressing the success of the canning co-operative, he saic. "Now a new eff'ort is being- made, and we believe we have taken steps to bring about what the great mass of the growers want." He said the sellers' market which has been in existence during the past war years is now swing- ing into a buyers' mai-ket, and cranberries will be no exception to the rule "when we get in the maelstrom of selling competition." Very shortly we will need, the ut- most in grower cooperation. We within the industry if you will all can keep the balance of control cooperate. You can pass down to your children an incustry that is safe and secure. We can keep this the most successful and profi- table industry in the world, this one that we are passing down to our successors, if we will only work together." He then called upon Attorney John Quarles to make a progress report. Report by Mr. Quarles Mr. Qcarles said there was not much he could report, as it would only be a repetition of what the members already knew. He said that to make progress the new national co-operative was being- formed, and that this was intended to be only temporary, and that eventually there would be only one cooperative, marketing the en- tire crop of the country, both fresh and processed. He said there had been a "delay" in forming this national as originally hoped, with the merger of the two nationals as had existed. "I hope this mer- ger (CCI and American Cranberry Exchange) is nothing more than a delay. But we realize that we must go ahead, and so CCI has preparer a program which will permit us to do so. "CCI goes forward, as a part of this larger enterprise. Generally speaking, it was developed from the same basic plan. CCI will maintain the same unity it has enjoyed for the past 15 years." He then said that certain "mechanical procedures" for this change of CCI into the "National Cranberry Association" were nec- essary, as the cooperative was governed by the laws under which it was incorporated. He said the cirectors would meet, consider and recommend these changes in by laws, and then a further meeting would be called at which the sto-k- holders could cast their votes, making the changes properly ef- fective. Charles Lewis Hopes "Split" Only Temporary - Mr. Urann called upon Charles L. Lewis, Wisconsin director, whc said: "I can perhaps sum up briei- ly the Wisconsin viewpoint". Ht told how the survey had been helc the Committee of 8 formed to con- sider the recommendations of tht survey, and there had been manj meetings in New York and one ir Wisconsin. He told how it hai been recommended to go ahea( with the national, and then a sub committee of three from eacl state had been formed. He sai( a plan had been worked out an( this had been approved by the dj rectors of CCI and of the America) Cranberry Exchange. Then thi plan had been submitted to th' three state companies, and then i had been disapproved by a larg^ majority of the New Englam Cranberry Sales Company, bu woulc. have been approved, by Wis consin and New Jersey if Ne\ England had voted to go along. "We were much disappointed b the action of the New Englan Sales in not voting- to unite. S we felt the decision was necessar to set up some sort of an overal cooperative, with as many of th desired features as possible, i time so that it could, get goinj this season. "We in Wisconsin feel the over all plan offers such great possibil ities that everybocy eventual! will belong. This must be startc' on an absolutely honest basis. Th service must be so good it will at tract a large membership. W need 80 per cent membership in stead of the 64 per cent we ha^ last year." He added he hope' the present CCI foundation woul- be only temporary and that "even tually we will all be working to gcther again, and we can dro; these quarrels". Parish Thankful lor CCI Rolla Parish, Long Beach, Wash ington, director, called upon t speak, said he had come to liste and learn, rather than talk. "We are very thankful for CCI in the West", he said. "We were in plenty of trouble before CCI came in. We had a number of local agencies and. the American Ex- change competing in our local markets, and it wasn't very good competition for us." He said CCI had been so helpful to the cranberry growers all over the country that "I just can't see why all this argument is going on and what it is all about. We are all cranberry growers". He re- peated, "I can't see what it is all about. We are all cranberry growers. If we all stay together everything will work out all right." Mr. Parrish, asked to give his opinion of West Coast prospects, said the West was gaining about 100 acres a year and all four areas were progressing. He said when he left the prospects "looked good for 60,000 barrels (CCI ber- ries) this year. In the Long Beach area the opinion is we will pick three boxes for every one picked last year." Mrs. Dellinger Says Coast "Happy" Under Urann A speaker whose remarks met with much favor was Mrs. Ger- trude Dellinger, Warrenton, Ore- gon, member of Pacific Coast Ad- visory Committee, who was intro- duced by Mr. Urann as "a grower who has made a marvelous suc- cess." Mrs. Dellinger said, "I )il| would like to be able to tell you of the East, what CCI has meant tt| to us in the West." She told of the difficulties and disappointments the growers had worked under un- til CCI took in western members. She said the obstacles in market- ing had been practically insur- mountable. She specifically men- tioned the season of 1940 when West Coast growers had been un- able to sell their berries at any price, yet the markets of the mid.- dle west were bare and wanting berries. "Then Mr. Urann came along and took us under his wing, and s" we have been very happy ever since", she concluded. In calling an early end of the meeting that the directors might meet and to enable all who wished to attend, the funeral of Mr. Neal- ey, Mr. Urann said it appeared a "pretty large crop is in the mak- ing, and that CCI was set up to process 3,000,000 cases of cran- berries if desired, and that with cocktail and other items such as the cranberry-apricot mix and cran- berry-orange marmalade, there could be a total of more than 4,000,000 cases of products put out by CCI this year. He said, the la- bor situation was not of the bright- est and there would be other diffi- culties, but "we see nothing that will deter us". He said the future looked bright for cranberry grow- ers if the growers would stay to- gether. He said this was the "only defense against commercial canners". He said growers must stand together in both the fresh and processing marketing, and "I want a fresh market just as much as I want a processing market through cooperation." He announced that as usual a luncheon had been prepared, and asked the growers to especially note a new CCI product, straw- berry-cranberry "mix", prepared from fresh strawberries and d.e- hydrated cranberries which would be served over the ice cream. On display at the meeting was one of the suction mechanical pick- ers developed on the West Coast and the improved mechanical pick- er which Prank A. Crane on, with Herbert Leonard, had, been work- ing on since its trial last fall. Growers spent much time looking over these two machines. Attending from New Jersey were Theodore H. Budd, Ralph C. Clayberger, Alfred W. Lillie, Wal- ter Shinn, George G. Kelly, Frank- lin S. Chambers, Isaac Harrison, Enoch Bills, Joseph Darlington, Joseph Palmer, F. A. Scammell, Anthony Colasurdo. Also attending were E. C. Mc- Grew and Lester Haines of the American Cranberry Exchange, New York. Eastern Group To Wisconsin July 8-9 Developments have come thick and fast in the cooperative situa- tion between American Cranberry Exchange, the State Companies and Cranberry Canners, Inc., the con- tinuing change keeping the status fluid almost from day to day. CCI is in the process of evolv- ing into the National Cranberry Association, pending the stockhold- ers' meeting August 20th. Next meeting of directors of the ACE is expected to be in mid-July, when it is assumed the overall picture will be discussed and the usual con- sideration given to the harvest sea- son ahead. Ellis D. Atwood, for- mer president of N. E. Sales Com- pany, chairman of the now non^ operating "Committee of 8," in joining CCI, resigned his member-; ship in N. E. Sales, and resigned as president of the Exchange. Theo- dore H. Budd, presid,ent of Grow- ers Cranberry Company, also mem- ber of "Committee of 8" and first vice president of the Exchange, is automatically acting president as provided in the by-laws. Directors of N. E. Sales in a well- attended meeting July 5th discussed various matters arid it was decided a delegation from the East go to Wisconsin for a meeting there July 8 and 9, when it is assumed the "Interim Plan," proposed by At- torney Karl D. Loos and. other mat- ters, probably crop allocation, will be discussed. Bernard Brazeau of Wisconsin Rapids is chairman of the "Planning Committee' of the three state companies, the others there being Vernon Goldsworthy and Craig Scott; N. E. Sales Com- pany, Ruel Gibbs, E. L. Bartholo- mew, L. B. R. Barker; New Jersey, F. A. Scammell, James D. Holman and Franklin S. Chambers. Mr. Budd, George H. Cowen, N. E. president, Manager A. D. Benson were expected to attend, and pos- sibly some members of N. E. con- tact committee. Exact composition of the delegation was not known as this was written. Wisconsin Sales Company is "split" as told elsewhere in this issue. There have been several withdrawals from N. E. Sales, and {Continued on Page 25) Story of Vernon Coldsworthy Is One of Achievement, Success- He Is A ''Constructive'' Worker A Tribute to a Foremost Figure in Wisconsin Cranberry Growing, Now About to Begin Development in New Northern Area — Concerning "Goldy", the Individual By CLARENCE J. HALL The story of Vernon Goldsworthy and his years as general manager of Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company can perhaps best be set down as a "success story". When "Goldy" came to the cooperative in 1933, it had a membership of 33 and was handling gross cranberry sales of ap- proximately 8300,000. Today its membership is 128, an increase of about 400 per cent; it has not lost a member through resignation, and its gross sales have gone as high as $3,000,000. Its rating as a coopera- tive— in any field — is tops. His own prestige, throughout the cran- berry industry, and beyond, is equally high. These facts, simply stated, sum up Goldsworthy's achievement — his success story. With all respect due to the progressiveness and ability of member- ship and directors of Wisconsin Sales — and that is plenty — it may be pointed out, it was Goldy's hand which was at the helm during the past 13 years. During this period Wisconsin has advanced to second largest producing area. He was the executive officer, carrying out the policies of the directors and the desires of members. He has been a mainspring of Wisconsin cranberry growing, and his tension is terrific. This article will be an effort to tell something about Goldy him- self, to evaluate this man who is now going into large scale cran- berry growing by venturing to open up a new virgin Wisconsin area. If I use a lot of super- latives, those who know him best will ascribe it to the ability he has for inspiring enthusiasm in those with whom he comes in con- tact. He has the spirit of stimu- lation to an unusual degree. This spirit of stimulation is present, pretty much, in the whole of Wis- consin cranberry growing. Goldy Paradoxical Goldy is rather a paradoxical fellow. Beneath an air of friendly familiarity, he is an intense per- son. His talk is quick and easy; his mind fast and flexible. But his talk is usually purposeful, and always he is thinking along sound, constructive lines. He is gregari- ous, also a "co-er". He has the capacity to be, at one and the same time, the captain of his team and the water boy. He has the rare combination of being leader, and giver of personal attention to the most humble and routine of tasks. As manager of Wisconsin Cran- berry Sales Company, no decision was too difficult for him to make, no request too trivial for him to fulfill. He ran errands for the company members (and their wives) and gave his advice on im- portant decisions and it was usual- ly followed. He did both with equal facility. Goldy had boundless energy. In this work with the Wisconsin Sales Company, he was ever on the run over the widespread cran- berry districts. He quite natural- ly took upon his own shoulders about anything and everything per- taining to the cranberry industry. He never confined himself to his paid duties, but eagerly answeredyjj at any time to the beck and call of any grower, whether company member or not. He felt if a groW' er was not a member, he was a prospective one. Wisconsin has no state cranber- ry specialist with experiment sta- tion or bog, such as growers in Massachusetts, New Jersey and Washington depend upon for as- sistance. Goldy, graduate of agri- Eight cultural training from the Univer- sity of Wisconsin, had this scien- tific knowledge. To the Wisconsin grower who wanted the answer to a technical problem, Goldy "gave out". Tremendously interested m everything pertaining to cranber- ries, cultural, marketing, govern- mental wartime rules and reguula- tions, he stored his mind with all manner of exact information, al- ways on tap, as is the data in a scrupulously-kept reference de- partment. But probably the most impor- tant ingredient in the Goldsworthy formula for success in his job was the constructiveness of his nature. This was evidenced by many pro- jects he put through to the benefit of all Winconsin growers. To name a few, these have included buying of growers' supplies, the issuance of circulars, tax advice and assistance, the starting of GI training program, starting cran- berry nursery, cranberry research and experimental work, worked out fireworm control by spraying for Wisconsin, first on own marsh (now followed by other growers), proving the value of bees in Wis- consin cranberry pollination, on own bog in 1943 (another practice now followed by many other grow- ers), use of paper bags for ship- ping of canning berries, airplane dusting, legislation for the benefit of cranberry growers. These were all creative efforts. In fact, he got into the cranberry game through a creative effort. At the University of Wisconsin he majored in entomology and plant pathology and minored in horticul- ture; incidentally he had senior class honors and received B. S. and M. S. degrees. He created his master thesis upon a cranberry topic. It was entitled "Cranberry False Blossom". During the sum- mers, while at Wisconsin Univer- sity and for a year or two after teaching physics and chemistry at the high school at Prairie du Sac, he served as assistant cranberry specialist to the late L. M. Rogers, there having been this cranberry state specialist at that time. He had been recommended for this po- isition by Henry F. Bain, who pre- iceded Mr. Rogers. This cranberry work had placed WISCONSIN RAPtDS DAILY TRIBUNE PHOTO "Goldy" (in sweater) presents box of Wisconsins to Henry Wallace, then vice-presi- dent at Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin. him in eligibility for the position of manager of Wisconsin Cranber- ry Sales Company, and he was se- lected as the first full-time man to fill this position. Became Grower In 1941 As excellent and satisfactory job as he was doing navigating the ship of cooperative cranberry growing in Wisconsin, Goldy is not the type to continue indefinitely just being on the bridge. So it was perfectly natural he should want to go into cranberry growing for himself. In 1941 he made the decision and bought a marsh. Quite in keeping with his charac- ter, he purchased a cranberry prop- erty which few growers in Wis- consin would have considered a good risk because of its previous production record. It was a marsh which required constructive ef- fort. This was the Sacket marsh in the Fox River valley, the region where cranberry culture began in the Badger State, but a region from which the industry had fled to pi'ospects farther west and north years ago. The Sacket, or "Berlin Marsh" so called from its adjacency, to the city of Berlin, and in which the late A. U. and Chester M. Chaney were financial- ly interested, was the sole remain- ing marsh in cultivation in the Berlin area. It was also, appar- ently, the true birthplace of Wis- consin cranberry cultivation. Dr. Neil E. Stevens has written au- thoritatively about this in this pa- per, "Berlin Boom", and also in "Development of Cranberry Grow- ing in Wisconsin", which he pub- lished in collaboration with Miss Jean Nash, for the Wisconsin His- torical Society magazine, this ar- ticle having been re-published in CRANBERRIES, June, 1944. Dr. Stevens wrote: Berlin Marsh Birthplace of Wisconsin Cultivation "all records agree that the first improvement of marshland for cranberry growing in Wisconsin, certainly the first which had any permanence, was made by Edward Sacket. Perhaps as early as 1860 Mr. Sacket, who was originally from Sag Harbor, N. Y., came to Wisconsin to investigate possibili- ties of some land which he had purchased through agents. He evidently had some knowledge cf cranberry growing in the East, as he ditched the property and built dams The experiment was suc- cessful, as in 1865, 938 barrels were produced on the Sacket marsh and were sold in Chicago at from S14 to S16 a barrel." Dr. Stevens went on to tell that the water of the Fox River (and Nine of Willow Creek) was alkaline, and that when canals from these streams were dug to flow the cran- berry marshes, production began to decline. As interesting as this historical angle is, it was in an area aban- doned for cranberry growing that Goldy elected to try himself as a grower. Three-quarters of a cen- tury ago the "Berlin Boom" had burst to fabulous fortunes in cran- berry growing, but that was not the case when he took over. In an "off the record" mood, he has ad- mitted he was sticking out his neck a long way, as a cranberry expert and advisor to others. However, in his own mind he was pretty certain he knew what he was doing, as the soil and water were all right for cranberries, and that by definite methods good pro- duction could be achieved at Ber- lin Marsh. There is considerable of the gambler in Goldy when he is certain he is betting on a win- ning card. He went about the rehabilitation of this marsh, one of 21.4 acres in a total property of 600 acres. It was weedy and grassy, as are many marshes in Wisconsin in comparison to the many tidy bogs in Massachusetts. He worked on the theory the marsh had been run much too wet. He installed two Bailey pumps to drain and keep the water table much lower than it had been. One pump took off 12,000 gallons a minute and was used to remove frost flood when the Pox, into which the marsh drained, was too high for gravity flow. The other pump with a ca- pacity of 500 gals, was used for keeping the water down in rainy seasons. He tested pond water which went to the marsh, and it was found to be as acid as the water used in the fine Wisconsin Cran- moor district. Water had pre- viously been taken directly from the Fox and this water was found to be alkaline. Anytime it was necessary to take water from the Fox River, he pumped it into the marsh pond and let it stand for a couple of weeks, which changes it from alkaline to acid. Many Wis- consin marshes do have alkaline water, as is now realized, but he Ten found the Berlin soil to be definite- ly acid. Goldy made another wise move in placing a capable and reliable young foreman in charge of the Berlin marsh and then pretty much "giving him his head", in making day by day and also ma- jor decisions. He also gave an in- centive bonus based on the num- ber of barrels produced each sea- son, the first time this was done in Wisconsin. The foieman was Earl Rezin, son of Will, a Cran- moor grower. Goldy does not hesi- tate to say that much of the success of the Berlin marsh was due to the responsible and good management of the earnest young Earle Rezin and he predicts that Rezin will be one of Wisconsin's best growers in years to come. There was a sub- stantial farmhouse on the property which provided a home for Rezin and his family, which meant he could be on the job whenever need- ed. The first year the Berlin marsh cropped 750 barrels and its subse- quent average record was better than this. Like many another Wisconsin grower, Goldy had the wit to make his marsh pay dividends in other things than cranberries. His oper- ation of this marsh was, of course, during the war, when prices were on their present rising scale. There was an apple orchard of ten acres. He sold the apples each autumn for a nice little windfall. There was hay, and he had it mowed and sold as many as 75 tons. There was a big muskrat population. He leased the muskrat trapping rights for a very tidy sum, and wartime price of pelts made the trapping privilege a salable right of value. Then, with the marsh "owing him nothing", as they say, he sold the property itself. With cran- berry property value on the rise everywhere, it is no secret in Wis- consin that his selling price was a multiple of what the marsh had cost him. The purchaser was George H. Yunk, a young and as- tute Wisconsinite, who now oper- ates a flourishing candy business in Syracuse, N. .Y. Mr. Yunk has been a part owner in a Wisconsin marsh, a native of the state, and so is not entirely unfamiliar with the Wisconsin cranberry industry. He, like Goldy, will be an absentee owner of the Berlin property nd has continued Rezin as his fore- man. Mr. Yunk accompanied Goldsworthy on his visit to the East in April, where he saw Massa- chusetts cranberry bogs for the first time. Scarcely had Goldy sold the Ber- lin than he bought another marsh, the Damme marsh at Cranmoor. Scarcely had he assumed title to that when he resold. What Goldy Plans to Do Now The future plans of Goldswor- thy, the cranberry grower, include the development of raw cranberry land at Little Trout lake and Thun- der lake in areas considerably to the north of present Wisconsin cranberry districts. This plan is no sudden jump on the part of Goldy. It had been developing in his mind for a considerable time. Now as to his plans at Little Trout and Thunder developments, these opening up this virgin Wis- consin cranberry territory: At Little Trout Lake eight marshes will be started in 1946, all on land which Goldy had owned or on which he had options, and which was developed by him for cranberry growing. Most of the new growers who will operate these marshes will be guided by Goldsworthy during the first years. At Thunder Lake he will start an individual marsh, as will Ralph Sampson, who is Sales Co. book- keeper. Mr. Sampson has been Goldy's right-hand man for several years and had full charge of the management of the office at Wis- consin Rapids and of much of the business mechanics relating to many projects. In his manage- ment of the office, as in his owner- ship of the Berlin marsh, Goldy gives much credit to the efforts cf another and says that with- out this capable accounting and flawless bookkeeping he would not have been able to devote nearly as much time as he did to company problems of general nature. He plans to assist Sampson at Thun- der Lake. Work of marsh making there is starting this season, while the dredging at Little Trout has already been done. Goldy is a director of the Amer- ican Cranberry Exchange. He has been secretary of Wisconsin State Cranberry Association since 1939. Goldy, the individual, makes his home with his wife, Esther, son, Charles, 10 years, and daughters, Judy 8 and Sara 5, about three miles out of Wisconsin Rapids in a little commuunity named Seneca. Mrs. Goldsworthy is a graduate of Edgewood at Madison. A few years ago he had the opportunity of buying this place, consisting of house, big barn, a few other build- ings, and 162 acres of land. He has completely remodeled the house, which, painted white,, sits on an elevation with wide laviTis and gardens surrounding. A brook runs through one side of the pro- perty. For relaxation, Goldy likes hunt- ing and fishing well enough, but his real hobby is raising flowers, vegetables, tending fruit trees, and raising a few cultivated blueber- ries, having bought the latter plants from Mrs. Mabelle Kelley of East Wareham, Mass. He be- lieves he has at his home the only rhododendrons in Wisconsin, and is very much interested to see if he can make a few of these plants adapt themselves to the rigors of the Wisconsin climate. His flower garden is beautiful. Vernon Golds- worthy is blessed with a "green thumb." As to other interests, he is a member of Wisconsin Rapids Lodge of Elks, Kiwanis, and vari- ous conservation clubs. He is a director of the Wisconsin Council of Agriculture. Goldy a "Fast Man" Goldy worked his way through the University of Wisconsin, but in spite of this and maintaining his high scholastic standing, he won six major athletic letters. He was a member of the University track and cross country teams for three years and was captain of the cross country team for one year. He broke the record for the mile run at Wisconsin and also the half-mile record at University of Minnesota and the two-mile run at Northwestei'n University. It may be deduced from this that Goldy was fast on his feet as a younger man and, as a matter of fact, he is still an indefatigable dancer. It may, however, be noted, that the kind of running he went in for was the sort that required stamina and sustained purpose. That quality of "staying" power has remained with Goldy. He reached an objective in helping the Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Co. to become one of the notably success- ful co-operatives of the country. He built up the unsuccessful Ber- lin marsh into pioductive pros- perity. This article at the beginning was called a "success story". Perhaps it would be more correct to call it a story of achievement. Goldy likes people, and his successes or achievements usually help others toward success, also. His work with the Wisconsin Sales bettered the lot of Wiscon- sin growers, and, indirectly, of the whole industry. His plans for Lit- tle Trout and Thunder Lake in- clude prospective benefits for oth- er growers as well as himself. Goldy fundamentally is a construc- tive person, a builder. Fellow Wis- consin growers and friends throughout the industry will watch his new "cross-country" run in cranberries with interest. HONDURAN WORKERS REMOVED FROM MASS. FOLLOWING MURDERS A contingent of approximately 140 agricultural workers from British Honduras, who have been stationed at Camp Manuel, Ply- mouth, Mass., since April, engaged in cranberry work, were removed from the Massachusetts area June 25th, following a double killing and the suicide of one of the work- ers. Herbert Miller, about 30, was sought for the murder of Mrs. Orchal, employed as a domestic in Plymouth, whom it was said. Mil- ler had known when working in Louisiana and who had come to Plymouth. During the search, which developed into Plymouth's greatest man hunt in history, Miller shot and killed a Plymouth policeman, George S. Bell, about the same age, a recently discharged serviceman. Miller, at large for a week, was eventually trapped near the camp by police and after shots were fired, by State troopers exam- ination of his body brought a ver- dict that Miller died from a self- inflicted wound and from other bullets. He was armed with a re- volver and there were powder burns on his head, indicating he had shot himself and police bullets had also taken effect. Some Plymouth residents had objected to the presence of the Hondurans at Camp Manuel, a for- mer army camp, which two years previous had been used to house a Jamaican consignment of work- ers. Protest was made to Con- gressman Charles L. Gifford. and other Government representatives and to the U. S. Department of Agriculture by Plymouth Select- men. The message to the Depart- ment of Agriculture read: "Two murders this week by Hondurans located in this town. Have or- dered entire camp restricted for safety of everyone concerned. Entire citizenry in vengeful state because of slaying of police officer. Urge you remove remaining Hon- durans from this town in interest of public safety". The men left Plymouth in charge of a representative of the United States Department of Labor. They were one of the groups which had. been imported curing and since the war to assist in agricultural production, their services in Mas- sachusetts having been arranged for by Joseph T. Brown, director Plymouth County Extension Ser- vice, and had been engaged by con- tract with the Government by New England Cranberry Sales Company, Cranberry Canners Inc., these co- operatives alloting the men to members and to the A. D. Make- peace Company of Wareham. This imported, labor had been counted upon for employing cranberry growers for work during the rest of the season and, possibly, with additional workers for fall harvest. CRANBERRIES magazine, be- sides getting a request to be sent to Austria recently, is now going to Maatalouskoelaitos Kasvinviljelyso- sasto, Tikkurila, Finland. We hope to have some information eventually as to why this society or cooperative is interested in cran- berry cultivation. Eleven CRANBERRIES PHOTO UPPER — Piper Cub really gets "down" in a dustine run at Morse Swamp boi;-. LOWER — Bi-plane makes sprayinc sweep across Harwich Intensive Air Dusting and Spraying Experiments In Massachusetts What has perhaps been the most intensive experimental pro- ject, certainly in Massachusetts, to test out insect control by airplane, both by spraying and dusting, was carried out the latter part of June and into July by the A. D. Makepeace Company of Wareham, Mass. The project was in two divisions, one in conjunction with Sky-Spray, Inc., with headquarters at Arlington, which was the spray- ing angle, and the other with Brockton Airport, Inc., which was the dusting' phase. A total of about 500 acres was given treatment, the aci'eage in- cluding two other properties than those of ADMCO, about 67 acres i>f Ellis D. Atwood and. about 50 acres of the Cranebrook Company, both at South Carver. The Make- peace bogs were in both Plymouth and Barnstable counties. The spraying by Sky-Spray, Inc., which is a company formed for crop air spraying since the war, with three of the incorpor- ators, former GI's, was done by a liplane. a Stearnian, rormer army Twelve primary training ship. The spray- ing, which was on the Harwich bog of the ADMCO at the Carver- Wareham line, was with pyreth- rum extracts and this was not found to be successful with the concentrations and the nozzle arrangements as used. The spray did not result in the kill desired and there was considerable burn- ing of vines. However, Russell Makepeace says that while this first use of spray did not obtain results hoped for, further experi- mentation will be made, and the idea of spray from the air is not being abandoned,. Wareham air- port was the base of this opera- tion, which extended over several days, with interruption from un- favorable weather. As to the results of the dusting, this was put down as successful. So much so that Russell definitely says this will be continued on an even larger scale next year and that probably two planes will be utilized to keep the spreading of the dust constantly going on with- out the present interruption while the single ship makes the trip to an airfield, reloads, and then comes back. The two ships would alter- nate, one dusting while the other was going- to the field and back. The plane used for dusting was a Piper Cub which had been pur- chased especially for this use by Brockton Airport, working in co- operation with Makepeace Com- pany, and. then converted for dust- ing. The pilot of this machine was "Freddie" Brown, and there was some mighty spectacular op- eration of a plane. The Cub was frequently so low its wheels were actually in the vines. A very sharp, quick drop was made at the shore of the properties, which of- ten had trees only a short distance from the bog, the low run made, and there was a quick zoom into the air at the opposite side of the bog. Airspeed probably about 55 miles. The Cub could, also get in corners and coves and clean up these difficult areas; areas which could not be covered at all from the air were finished off by ground dusters. While the Cub dusting was spec- tacular in the extreme, this is not to say that the bigger PT Stear- man, going at around 90 miles an hour, did, not get down low. It did, and had to lift for the cross dikes. On the first flight over the Harwich bog the top of a tree was clipped, with only a couple of scratches of damage to the plane and no injury to the pilot. The plan had been for the spray plane not to get down into the vines, but the spray was expected, to "drift in", giving coverage and results which were not obtained in these tests. The fliers were guided over the runs by flagmen at start and finish. Used in the experiments were DDT, Stimtox, pyrethrum flowers in various concentration, Rotenone, which gave a very good kill; and also Permate, for fungus control, this being used at Santuit bog in Barnstable county with, of course, results to be told next fall. Many growers and members of the State Experiment Station vis- ited, the experiments at various times as they were being conduct- ed from bog to bog. Some Facts About Use of Airplanes In New Jersey With interest in air control re- vived in Massachusetts through the Makepeace project, the follow- ing information concerning Jersey work was requested, from and pre- pared by William E. Tomlinson, associate in research, cranberry and blueberry culture, with Charles A. Doehlert, acting head of the laboratory at Pemberton, New Jersey: Most of the airplane dusting and spraying in New Jersey is cone from Stearman biplanes. The company that does this flying is Wilson Air Service. In the winter Wilson dusts citrus in Florida, then during the summer he makes his headquarters at Seabrook Farms at Brid.geton, N. J., with his cranberry and blueberry air- port in Vincentown near Theodore H. Budd's bogs at "Retreat". T. H. Budc, J. J. White Co., J. D. Holman, Evans & Wills and others use airplane dusting quite extensively for leafhopper control. The Blueberry Cooperative has fields of member growers dusted for fruitfly that desire it, and all blueberries going to the canners (bulk pack) have to be dusted for fruitfly. Wilson has been dusting cran- berries since 1935, when the orig- inal tests were run at Budd's and Whitesbog with conventional plane and autogiro. The giro people didn't push the business and went out of the cranberry picture. Wil- son has used a monoplane consid- erably, but now sticks to bi-planes exclusively, having four in oper- ation this summer in New Jersey. For blunt-nosed cranberry leaf- hopper we recommend 50 pounds of 0.9 pyrethrum flowers per acre or an activated dust of equal kill- ing powder. For blueberry fruit- fly we recommend 10 to 15 pounds of 5% rotenone dust per acre. Due to non-availability of rotenone on the recommended, dusting dates we have advised a 0.9 pyrethrum dust at 15 pounds per acre. We prefer rotenone, but pyrethrum is fairly eff'ective. Since both of these custs go on during harvest a non- toxic material has to be used. Results with airplane dust appli- cations have been inconsistent, probably due to diff'erences in at- mospheric conditions when applied and to depth and thickness of the vines. We prefer ground spray- ing or dusting for best control, but the airplane has made possible the treating of large acreages that would not have been treated otherwise. It has been a big boon during the recent labor shortage. To get full control of leafhoppers in New Jersey with airplane dust- ing it is probably necessary to make two dustings, one before full bloom and, the second after full bloom, to get the early and late hatching hoppers before they get full grown and harder to kill. NOTICE to Subscribers Effective July, 1946, the yearly sub- scription rate to CRANBERRIES becomes $3.00. The cranberry industry is ex- panding, CRANBERRIES Magazine is now carrying more pages of cranberry information each month, attempting to keep you posted on events as they de- velop and concern all with cranberry in- terests. In appreciation of past co-operation, any present subscriber who wishes may renew for one year in advance at the old rate of $2.50 until July 15th. Thirteen .•■-' i)*-*^' ""'^o .>^*^ jSW*- ^yx\ A-T-O-M-l-C Energy Is atomic energy to be disaster complete for us, or does it hold boons for mankind? That we can only imagine at the present moment. What will be the use to which we will put this power? We are all busy now. This is the season for cranberry work, but none of us, cranberry growers and everybody else, should be so busy we spare only a passing thought to our "atomic future". Informed public opinion should be felt in decisions which are made. This is the 49th in a series of messages, sponsored by the following public-spiritedi< firms and individuals. Slocum-Cibbs Cranberry Co. RUEL S. GIBBS. Gen. Mgr. Decas Cranberry Company Growers and Shippers of CAPE COD CRANBERRIES Wareham, Mass. L. B. R. BARKER Buzzards Bay Mass. Jesse A. Holmes & Son Sawmills at Carver, Mass. Tel. Carver 10-3 Morris April Bros, BRIDGETON, N. J. - TUCKAHOE Apples — Cranberries — Peaches GROWERS AND SHIPPERS H. R. BAILEY CO. South Carver, Mass. CRANBERRIES MAGAZINE Acushnet Saw Mills Co. New Bedford, Mass. GOOD WOOD BOXES Est. 1865 ELLIS D. ATWOOD South Carver, Mass. ISSUE OF Vol. 11 JULY, 1946 No. 3 O^i^^'^'^''*^*^ CO-OPERATIVE "WAR" CONTINUES THE cranberry industry now has (or will have, presumably, when CCI stockhold- ers vote in August), two cooperatives, both national in scope, these, of course, being CCI, which is "evolving" into the new "Na- tional Cranberry Association", and the American Cranberry Exchange, which has served the industry cooperatively in the fresh fruit trade for so many years. The announced purpose of the survey as spon- sored first from within CCI and then agreed to by ACE was to pull these organizations together. Instead, the result, temporarily, at least, has been to break the cooperative side of the industry into two warring fac- tions. Members of both nationals will have cranberries to be marketed, fresh and pro- cessed. There is hope within both groups that fresh berries of CCI will be sold through the Exchange and Exchange pro- cessing berries turned over to CCI. If this is done a great circle would have been navigated during the past year of turmoil and the marketing situation would be back substantially where it started — plus the irritation and ill-feeling which has devel- oped by the most ardent advocates on both sides. Or there could be deals with in- dependent sellers of fresh fruit and inde- pendent processors. There are excellent facilities offered by these independent ser- vices. Cranberry growers will get their fruit to market this season and undoubt- edly at satisfactory prices, whatever is done. Most of those within the cooperative fold really want to continue to work to- gether. Beliefs on "both sides" are sin- cere. Honest opponents regret the sharp division of opinion in Massachusetts, that there is the struggle in Wisconsin that has split the cooperative there down the mid- dle ; on the West Coast there is strong CCI sentiment, although not all have signed up the CCI way or are likely to, while the Jersey state company, small in numbers and production, is for the moment appar- ently riding out the worst of the hurricane, • astride the fence. The gale of dissension is continuing so strong it is shaking the industry within as it has not been shaken since the days when cranberry cooperatives were formed. The glimpses from the outside into the indus- CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS Subscription $2.60 per year Advertisiner rates upon application Editor and Publisher CLARENCE J. HALL LEMUEL C. HALL Associate Editor CORRESPONDENTS-ADVISORS Wisconsin VERNON GOLDSWORTHY Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin Washington-Oregon J. D. CROWLEY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. ETHEL M. KRANICK Bandon, Oregon Massachusetts DR. HENRY J. FRANKLIN Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. BERTRAM TOMLINSON Barnstable County Agricultural Agent Barnstable, Mass. New Jersey CHARLES A. DOEHLERT, Acting Chief, New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station, Pemberton, New Jersey try may give false impressions. This is not a fight to get the industry higher prices at the expense of the consumer. Basically it is a battle of method between differing beliefs and principles to determine how and by whom the cooperative share of the crop shall be split as between fresh and processed berries. It is a part of the price the cranberry industry is paying in this period of world-wide adjustment when nearly every human effort is more or less topsy-turvy. It is unfortunate, hard on everyone in any way involved. But human beings have ever held differing beliefs, and even the longest war has eventually suc- cumbed to peace. Fifteen WALTER A. NEALEY Death Takes CCI Research Chemist, Walter A. Nealey Walter A. Nealey, chemist and director of research for Cranberry Canners, Inc., died at his home. South Hanson, Saturday, June 22. Mr. Nealey had worked at the Hanson office until a few days be- fore his death, which came as a great shock to his associates and many friends in the cranberry world. Mr. Nealey was 69, having come into cranberry work from Maiden in 1928. He was a member of the American Chemical Society, Amer- ican Association for the Acvance- ment of Science. He was a mem- ber of Puritan Lodge, A. F. and A. M., Pilgrim Chapter, Royal Arch and Pilgrim Chapter O. E. S. Funeral services were held Tues- day aftei-noon June 25, at 2.30 at Whitman, the annual meeting of Cranberry Canners having been curtailed, to enable members to at- tend, and many availed themselves of this opportunity to pay their last tribute to a respected worker for the cooperative and for the cranberry industry. Mr. Nealey, of course, was re- sponsible at all times for the qual- ity control of CCI products, but in spite of this he found time for much lesearch. It was he who discovered that the valuable ur- solic acid could, be commercially extracted from the skins of the cranberry and he has laid the foun- dation for whatever future bene- fits that may be developed in these by-products. The future benefits which are expected to accrue along these lines will all be due to his basic research. He did. much research on what types of berries were best for sauces. A very important devel- opment was due to his design and building of the cocktail press at the Hanson plant. Mr. Nealey was told this machine could not be built as he planned it, but he as- sumed the responsibility of mak- ing the press along his design and the result was a press which is the only one of its kind in the world. This presses out the juice so clean- ly that the seeds are left inside the skins and the residue press- cake is made available for use in by-products. Tribute of Directors The following resolution, as a tribute to Mr. Nealey, was passed at the annual meeting, June 25: Walter A. Nealey, chemist and Director of Research for Cran- berry Canners, died at his Han- son home Saturday, June 22, 1946. He began his cranberry work with Ocean Spray Preserv- ing Company in 1928 and con- tinued with Cranberry Canners, Inc. from its incorporation in 1930 until his death. He brought to us his experience and. skill as a practical chemist; he added to our knowledge of the elements of the cranberry and its physical properties and the technique of economical utilization. His work was moi'e than a means of live- lihood; it was characterized by unflagging loyalty and the zeal of a true researcher. He had no peer in this field. We, the direc- tors of Cranberry Canners, Inc., in meeting assembled this 24th day of June, enter with our cor- porate record.s our expression of deep personal sorrow and extend to his bereaved widow our sym- pathy and condolences in her gi'eat loss. N. E. Sales Meeting (Continued from Page 4) will handle both the fresh and the processed fruit. We should work to this end, if it takes one year, two years, three years, or five years." Decline to Change By-Law On the one article of business requiring a vote which was to con- sider the alteration of Section 3, Article 18 of the by-laws so as to extend the period of time after the annual meeting d.uring which a member may lawfully withdraw his membership, there was some discussion. Then by a unanimous vote of 43 it was decided to post- pone any action. Manager Benson explained it had been proposed to extend the present period, which was 60 days, this to be done in view of the current situation. He said he was not advocating having the period extended, as it would make the time too short for the Company to be able to give a very clear picture of the anticipated crop to be handled if it was not certain until late in the season how many members the company had. Mr. Cowen explained that in times past this by-law had been "disregarded" and the la\vful penalties had not been exacted against a member resigning, but this was not a usual situation at present. Vice President George E. Short said he at first had been for mak- ing this change in by-laws because of the present situation, but had come to feel that to make the change would be simply "setting up another 'special privilege group' ", and he was opposed to it. Mr. Benson said it was not intended to make the change per- manent, and Mr. Chaney said that he, from the viewpoint of the Ex- change, hoped it would not be per- manent. The vote was then taken which left the by-law unchanged.. Speaker Declares Change In Social Economy Mr. MacLeod in his talk said that while his work had been most- ly with dairy products, there were very definite parallels in postwar trends between dairy and other products, including fi-uits and vegetables. He said it might be Sixteen Tel. Wareham 497-W Foresight STILL is Necessary PLAN YOUR NEEDS AS FAR IN ADVANCE AS POSSIBLE FOR NEW EQUIPMENT AND FOR SERVICE. REMEMBER SUPPLIES ARE STILL LIMITED, AND MUST BE ORDERED MONTHS IN ADVANCE. HAYDEN SEPARATOR MANUFACTURING CO. E. C. St. Jacques WAREHAM, MASS. assumed that there would be little change in such a standardized product as milk, yet many changes were developing. These changes will include every product, he con- tinued,. "These changes will concern quick freeze and packaging. This is inevitable", he declared, "be- cause there is a change in the whole social economy". This is being brought about a good deal by the shortage of domestic help, which, he said, he felt will prove to be a permanent shortage. This will make the housewife seek the easiest-to-serve foods. He said he believed dehydrating, so popular d.uring the war, was, for most pro- ducts, going out of the picture. Dehydration, except in certain products, was not meeting con- sumer acceptance. "As we see it now, there is not a tremendous future for dehydrated products." He said, however, ease of trans- portation with as little bulk in pro- ducts as possible is a coiping im- portant factor. He said some stu- dents are looking forward to a tre- mendous future in frozen foods, and these would be such products as are readily adaptable to quick freeze. He said there would be a big future for many products in cooked frozen form — meals all pre- pared, ready to be served. "Pre-packaging seems to be be- coming much more important, es- pecially in the chain stores", he asserted. "Pre-packaging has cer- tain definite advantages over pro- duce in the rough, as an exact weight of salable produce is obtain- able. "The prepackaging of fresh fruits and vegetables, however, it seems to me, is an inevitable de- velopment, but it will have to be applied with discrimination to the individual product under consider- ation. This packaging develop- ment is what the consumer seems to be wanting, even if the change is not always advantageous to the consumer". Frozen products have certain bottle-necks now developing, he went on. These would include dif- ficulties in transportation, requir- ing constant refrigeration, lack of capacity to keep in proper storage in the retail outlets, and also lack of capacity in home freezers and refrigerators. He said it seems to be a develop- ing thought that frozen foods will not have an advantage to canners. The possibility for the expansion of canned products will be cut sub- stantially. He said this might not mean that canning will be less than at present, but there will be no tremendous future in canned production, as in the past. Change Not the Same For All Producers A summary of Mr. MacLeod's talk would be that change in mar- keting is coming rapidly, but that just what form the future picture will take is still uncertain and each individual product will have to seek its particular place in this picture of change. An interesting point of the meeting was when Dr. Franklin gave his opinion of the crop out- look as of that date. He referred to his last previous opinion which mentional lack of sunlight in 1945, a two-warm March, and he said that since then the amount of rain in May and to date in June had been too much and not favorable. "I do not see how we can have anything more than an average crop at best", he declared. Plan Acceptance Issue Divides Wisconsin Unit Although speakers at a special meeting of Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company June 12 expressed the desirability of an overall nat- ional cooperative, handling both fresh and processed fruit, the membership, by an almost 2 to 1 vote, showed disfavor for the plan presented by the "Voluntary Com- mittee." After nearly a full day of discussion the vote was 60 to 32 against a resolution introduced by William F. Thiele, which would have approved the plan as adopted by this committee, and authorize Seventeen (( JULY 4th - Independenc Day A Holiday of Great Significance ft Be independent, self-reliant. Do not be governed or controlled by others. Let us strive to do all which may achieve a just and lasting peace among ourselves. No happier choice could be made. 'KEEP SMILING" PLYMOUTH Tel. 740 Peter A. LeSage YARMOUTH Hyannis 201 the officers and directors to con- summate the Wisconsin part of the plan "as soon as legally possible to do so". Proponents of accepting the plan, with Cranberry Canners, Inc., as the "foundation" to get the overall underway urged immediate action. Among- these wei'e A. H. Hedler, who said, "committees and commit- tees had met" without getting any- where, and Charles L. Lewis, who declared "some of us in Wisconsin are so firmly convinced this plan is right that we are bound to go ahead with it even if it means re- signing from the Wisconsin Cran- berry Sales Co." He added he hoped that would, be more in the way of a "suspension" rather than a genuine "resignation". Kings- ley Coulton said opponents of the CCI plan admit the American Cranberry Exchange is losing ground, yet they advocate "doing nothing". Speaking against adoption of the "Voluntary Committee" plan were William F. Huffman, Theo- dore W. Brazeau, Bernard Brazeau, Vernon Goldsworthy and Karl D. Ei^fhteen Loos, Washington attorney for the American Cranberry Exchange. Telegrams from the presid.ent of New England Cranberry Sales Company and the Growers' Cran- berry Company in New Jersey were read by Mr. Huffman. Presi- dent Cowen of New England had stated: "We think it (the CCL plan) has no merit", adding, "We will consider any plan which we think will accomplish the purpose (of sound consolidation".) Theo- dore H. Budd, President, New Jer- sey, was quoted as saying the plan "is premature and would lead to cleavage". Mr. Huffman offered these telegrams as evicence that the East is willing to go along on a "true overall" co-op if a satis- factory plan is worked, out. He said he had been asked to speak for several other members, and that he, with these, believed it was to the best interests to reject the CCI proposal and to work in unity for an overall of a genuinely co- operative nature. Theodore Brazeau refuted the "do nothing" charge against the Exchange and asked why there was the "stampede" into action when the Company could not go into the proposition for two more years unless it violated its contract with the Exchange. He said there was a "world of difference between such a cooperative as the American Cranberry Exchange and a stock company such as Cranberry Can- ners, Inc." Bernard Brazeau said "the canning cooperative, with ma- jority control in the hands of a few large growers, is not a co-op- erative as we understand a co-op." He said, a "no" vote was for the growers to keep their destinies in their own hands. Mr. Loos, called upon, explained differences between the cooperative plan under which Wisconsin Cran- berry Sales and the Exchange operate and in a stock companv.as CCL He said in CCI stock owner- ship d.etermines the voting strength whereas in the former system each member's vote carries the same weight. He pointed out the real effort to get together was made less than a year ago and there was no cause to become discouraged or (Continued on Page 20) EATMOR CRANBERRIES We quote from an unsolicited letter received June 29th, 1946: "A little article in the Chicago Packer this week interested us very much. In short, this item stated the growers in Wisconsin had voted to continue marketing their cranberries through the Wisconsin Cran- berry Sales Co. In our opinion the American Cranberry Exchange is to be com- mended not only by growers affiliated with the Sales Company but by your customers for the equitable and impartial allocation of cranberries during the past three years which have been extremely difficult for you and your associates. Selling through cooperatives having a registered trademark identi- fying the product, grower organizations have benefited by the wide- spread distribution obtained by such sales organizations as the Amer- ican Cranberry Exchange. Scarcities of the war years brought about such stringent supply conditions with resultant trade abuses that some folks at both ends of the line used unheard of practices to bypass established distributive channels. This has resulted in some rather large grower organizations withdrawing from old line selling and distributing organizations with a rather nebulous idea of self-importance and ability. We feel the time not far off when many of these individuals, and their organizations, will again seek shelter of their pre-war affiliations. They have yet a rough and rugged path to travel. With kindest regards, we remain, Sincerely yours, (Name upon request)." American Cranberry Exchange U. S. Dept. of Agriculture Lie. j\o. 1 The Cranberry Growers' Cooperative CHICAGO • ^EW YORK Nineteen We are "All Set" to serve Massachusetts Growers * WITH ANY JOB OF BOG RENOVATION. * NEW BOG CONSTRUCTION * BOG MAINTENANCE We have Power Shovels (3) ; Tractor Bulldozers (3) ; Cranes, Scrapers, 90- Yard Screener; Power Winches, Draggers; Road Grader — 30 competent Oper- ators and employes— AND THE NECESSARY EXPERIENCE AND KNOW- HOW. E. T. Cault Transportation Co. Pranconia Service Station Freight Transportation (including cranberries in season). Heavy equipment hauling. Tel. 227 Franconia Coal Co. Water-White Kerosene for Weed Control this spring. Tel. 39-R Tires, Tubes, Batteries, Auto and Truck Re- pairing and Greasing. Jenney Gasoline and Motor Oils. Distributors for MACK and INTERNATIONAL TRUCKS Tel. 39-R CAULT CONSTRUCTION COMPANY "EDDIE" T. GAULT, JR. Main St., Wareham, Mass. Tel. 227 Wisconsin Meeting (Continued from Page 18) to take hasty action. This was a "warm" meeting-, but at its conclusion Theodore Brazeau congratulated both factions upon the high plane in which the debate had been conductec. (Note : The foregoing is based prin- cipally upon the report of the meeting, as printed at considerable length in the Wisconsin Rapids Daily Tribune.) Quick Freezing of Blueberries In Cellophane Packages ( Editor's Note : — The following is a paner by Dr. Clark before the American Cranberry Growers' Association and re- printed from Proceedings of that organ- ization) . By J. HAROLD CLARK The rapid rise of the frozen foods industry has been a soui'ce of interest to everyone, since every person in the United States is a potential consumer. Producers of food products are doubly inter- ested because of the possible addi- tional demand for their products. The general opinion seems to be that frozen food consumption vi'ill expand tremendously as soon as Twenty facilitates are available for the manufacture of holding cabinets. Over one hundred companies are actively manufacturing about 165,- 000 storage cabinets in homes. Some estimates indicate that the first two years after all restrictions on manufacture are lifted from 1,- 000,000 to 1,500,000 home cabinets wil be sold with a potential of 5,- 000,000 to 8,000,000 during the next several years. The question which we should all be considering just now is where does the cultivated blueberry fit into the picture? Will quick freezing materially increase de- mand to a point where it will keep well ahead of the increased pro- duction to be expected from new plantings. The answer to that question probab'y depends on the growers and the commercial free- zers rather than on the consumer. Experiments have indicated and many consumers have proven to their own satisfaction that frozen bluebei'ries can be a very fine pro- duct. Whether they will actually be such will depend primarily on these three things: (1) the use of varieties which are especially well adapted to quick freezing; (2) careful handling at harvest time to insure well matured fruit free of trash or other undesirable mater- ial; (3) careful processing in syrup for home use or in sugar for the retail trade. The importance of the variety factor was stressed at last year's meeting. We started to test cer- tain varieties in 1943 and made additional tests in 1944 and 1945. Not all of the varieties reported were frozen each of the three years nor did each year's ratings agree entirely with those of the other years. The following table is a re- sult of the observations of three seasons as we now intei'pret them. Additional studies of our records and the test of additional samples may cause some changes to be made in the relative order of the varie- ties. (See table, page 23). Several unnamed selections from the breeding project have also been tested so that their freezing qual- ity can be considered when the time comes to determine whether or not they should be named. Our results at the New Jersey Station during 1945 have supported what was reported last year as to the importance of sugar in the freezing of blueberries. Tests were made with syrup pack, using 20. 30, 40, 50, and 60 percent syrup The judges rating the produci have, in general, favored the 5ii percent syrup pack for flavor al- though a 30 pei'cent syrup has been quite satisfactory. The amount of syrup used was just enough to (Continued on Page 22) ^^ ^ Cape Cod Farms, Inc. HYANNIS, MASS. CANNER& OF "OLD FASHIONED" CRANBERRY SAUCE in the VV of the Cranberry Belt" IS Also Producers of Beach Plum Jam, Orange Marmalade, "Old Fashioned" Cranberry Sauce in glass. We are in the Market for 50,000 BBLS. of Cranberries CAPE COD FARMS, INC. is the owner and operator of Cranberry Bogs in Barnstable County, and Will Purchase Additional Barnstable Acreage for Improvement. THEODORE E. CLIFTON, President Twenty-one Freezing of Blueberries (Continued from Page 20) cover the berries after they were put in the package. When com- pared with dry sugar the syrup packs have in all cases been super- ior as to flavor and appearance. Dry sugar is very sitisfactory in the freezing of strawberries be- cause the berries are cut up and enough juice comes out of the fruit to dissolve the sugar very quickly. In the case of blueberries this is not true and the dry sugar in masses between the berries through- out their storage period probably has little preserving effect. Also, there is considerably more air and hence greater oxidation in the dry sugar pack. Where berries are to be used for pies and where the use of dry sugar would be more con- venient, it may be quite satisfac- tory, as the difference in flavor would probably not be noticed after the pie is prepared. The berries frozen without any sugar at all have in all cases been inferior to the others when sampled without being cooked. We have not made cooking tests but un- doubtedly there would be less dif- ference in quality after cooking. We have been interested in a pack which could be used for dessert fruit or for pies or other cooking purposes. For dessert purposes we feel that the berries frozen with syrup are greatly superior to those frozen without sugar. In the summer of 1945 certain sugar substitutes were used in the freezing of blueberries. These in- cluded - dextrose, honey, white Karo, dark Karo, and a special corn syrup called Sweetose. These sub- stitutes were used in different pro- portions, usually with some sugar. For over forty years our management has been engaged in the distribution of CAPE COD Cran- berries. A small factor in the deal, yes — but a significant one to those Growers we serve. CoUey Cranberry Company" Plymouth, Mass. Office 17 Court Street Telephone Plymouth 1622 "RAIN BIRD SPRINKLERS" Pioneers: Cranberry Frost Protection and Irrigation For complete data write L. R. Nelson Mfg. Co., Peoria, 111. Rain Bird Sprinkler Mfg., Glendora, Cal. For Oregon and Washington, R. M. Wade — Oregon Culvert & Pipe, Portland, Ore. Twenty- two Even where only one-third of the sugar was replaced by the substi- tute, the quality was in all cases less desirable than where all cane sugar was used. It is my opinion that a very weak cane sugar syrup, even as low as 20 pei'cent, will be considered more satisfactory by most persons than the use of one of the so-called sugar substitutes. Here again, personal taste will play a large part and some people may even prefer the taste of the substi- tutes. We had several people taste the samples, however, and there was substantial agremeent among this group. Statements have been appearing in print that blueberries to be frozen should first be blanched in steam or hot water. They ha/e probably been based on work by Woodroof in Georgia who found that varieties of the southern or rabbit-eye type became tough or woody after being frozen for 6 months, but that blanching pre- vented this condition. At the New Jersey Station we have not ob- served this woodiness to occur in our New Jersey cultivated varieties during storage periods as long as 18 months, so we would not con- sider blanching necessary. In order to be sure, however, several lots of fruit were frozen after being blan- ched in hot water for varying lengths of time during 1944. The result was a softening of the fruit, leakage of juice, a slightly cooked taste and a messy, stewed fruit appearance as compared with the rather firm, plump, natural blue colored fruit in almost colorless syrup when the berries were frozen without blanching. Perhaps many people would use frozen blueberries only for pie. These persons might consider free- zing at least a portion of their blue- berries in the pies rather than as fruit to be later made into pie. We studied the freezing of pies in a prelimnary way in 1944, using apple, peach, pumpkin, and squash as the ii'ling. Briefly our conclu- sions were that the frozen pies were at least as good and probably slightly better than the unfrozen pies. There was not very much differnece between the pies which were frozen before baking and those which were baked and then frozen. We have not had an oppor- tunity to study blueberry pies ex- tensively but we have done enough to show us that blueberry pies can be frozen very satisfactorily. In conclusion I would like to quote from a paper published by Moon and others in 1936 as their conclusions agree very closely with ours. "In order that the cultivated blueberry in frozen form may share the position in the estimation of consumers which the fresh fruit now holds, it is strongly recom- I mended that freezing preservation Table I TENTATIVE RATING OP BLUEBERRY VARIETIES FOR QUICK FREEZING Very Good Good Medium Below Medium Atlantic Dixi Cabot Harding Concord Jersey Rancocas Pemberton Sam Pioneer Scammel Stanley Rubel Adams Grover June Wareham Weymouth CRANBERRIES Packed for PLYMOUTH - MASSACHUSETTS by NEW BEDFORD - MASSACHUSETTS Twenty- three FOR CONTROLLING CRANBERRY PESTS Economically NON-POISONOUS PYROCIDE "DUST HIGH IN KILLING POWERI UNIFORM Cranberry gro^wers have found that Pyrocide Dust effectively con- trols insect infestation, and is economical. Weight for weight, it has equal or better killing pov^rer than pyrethrum powder, yet costs a great deal less. Pyrocide Dust is economical and pleasant to use. The men making the applications are saved troublesome throat and skin irrita- tions often experienced when applying some insecticides. Write for free pamphlet. If you are interested in DDT insecticides, ask your distributor about effective *Multicides or write us direct. *Trade Mark reeistered U. S. Pat. Office. ^ett&t Pft4ectcccde4, Jilii;\JDiJiJiJ 51>lljilii/ ilJiJO CD- MAKERS OF INSECTICIDES FOUNDED 1902 MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA Twenty -four in consumer packages be restricted to varieties having high flavor and dessert quality as fresh fruit, and that the fruit be packed only in 50 percent sugar syrup. Packing of the fruit in the straight form or with the addition of dry sugar, or the packing' of varieties which are woody in texture and deficent in flavor would react injuriously upon the frozen product through lower- ing the consumer's estimate of its desirability. The problem of varie- ties of mediocre and low qua'ity is to be solved by their gradual elim- ination from cultivation, not by an attempt to divert them from the fresh fruit market into frozen form." this year. This is always an- nounced then by N. E. Crop Statis- tician, and C. D. Stevens will give this report on that date to the Cape Growers' meeting. Bees and Pollinating Cranberries MILTON H. STRICKER Barclay Apiaries Maple Shade, N. J. Cape Growers Meeting One Week Earlier The annual meeting- of the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Associa- tion is to be held one week earlier than usual, directors have agreed. The meeting will be on Tuesday as usual, the 20th of August, rather than on the 27th. This was done, as the 20th is the date when the U. S. Crop Reporting Service will release the annual crop estimate Group To Wisconsin (Continued from Page 7) some new members obtained, these outnumbering the withdrawals, it was said, but no exact figure of lost production was given out. At office of CCI it was stated there were 26 new members, not counting those resigning from Sales Companies ana joining. No meeting of Growers' Com- pany has been called to consider the "Voluntary Committee" plan, under which CCI is acting, but the Jersey directors have voted to ex- tend the legal period for resigna- tion for four months after the an- nual meeting, instead of 60 days. N. E., as reported elsewhere, voted no change and, Wisconsin Sales voted an extension which expired July 1. Editor's Note: The following is re- printed from the Proceedings of the American Cranberry Growers' Associa- tion.) Although our Company has been renting bees to growers for polli- nating cranberries for 25 years, we didn't know exactly what we were doing the first five years. We knew we were helping the cran- berry growers, as we could see an increase in cranberry crops when colonies of bees were placed in the vicinity of the blooming cranber- ries. In 1924 a Farmers' Bulletin by Darrow, Franklin and Malde indi- cated, that cranberries in Wiscon- sin were practically self-fruitful and that jostling the flowers causes pollen from the anthers of the cranberry bloom to drop or drift upon the pistil of the flower. The late Richard D. Barclay knew that Irrigation and Frost Protection for Cranberries Send for blueprint and detailed specifications showing cost for typical 2^ ace bog Or send sketch of your bog for special layout. \^- ^^'££4 THE SKINNER IRRIGATION CO. TROY, OHIO GEORGE N. BARRIE, New England Distributor BROOKLINE, MASSACHUSETTS Twenty -five cranberry pollen in New Jersey was a heavy, sticky mass and not to be moved by the wind. He fig- ured there must be a difference in climatic conditions between New Jersey and Wisconsin that might make this bulletin true in Wiscon- sin but not in New Jersey. About that time Mr. Ray Hutson of the New Jersey Experiment Station und.ertook some comprehensive ex- periments upon pollination of many New Jersey fruits, including cran- berries. This bulletin. No. 434, published in June, 1926, entitled, 'The Relation of the Honey Bee to Fruit Pollination in New Jer- sey", is still obtainable. His ex- periments definitely proved that cranberries in New Jersey are only partially self-fruitful. Hutson's experiments in cages of bees located in cranberry bogs showed that with honey bees it was possible to set fruit upon 56 per cent of the cranberry blossoms. Without insect pollination, it was impossible to set more than 8 per cent of the fruit. With these facts to work upon we have been renting bees for cranberry pollination, rec- ommending one colony to 5 acres. Two years ago on my own, I be- gan some studies on cranberry pol- lination, but since my time is so limited during cranberry blossom- ing time my experiments have not been as comprehensive as I would, like and it has been impossible for me to make accurate and timed observations of my experiments. Tri-Couiity Cranberry Company Beileplain, New Jersey DRYING TRAYS 2' X 4' X 4" Slatted Pine Construction IDEAL FOR FLOATERS AND WET BERRIES 60c apiece In Carload or Trailer shipments However, to my own satisfaction I have worked out that some va- rieties of cranberries cannot get along without pollination in New Jersey, the Howes especially. Without insect pollination they will only set fruit on 2 per cent of their blossoms. Some of the other va- rieties will set a higher percentage. One of my most interesting ob- servations was the result of an ex- periment on a bog that the owner told me was planted with the Jer- sey variety of cranberries. I real- ize now, although I didn't them, that there are many varieties or strains of cranberries in this so- called Jersey variety. My cages showed that with bees 72 per cent of the blossoms set fruit. This is an extremely high percentage un- der any conditions and was prob- ably due to the effect of cross pol- lination. We also proved that if there are narrow bogs where bees can circulate freely in the shelter of dams, where the center of the bog is less than 250 yards from the colony, one colony of bees will efficiently pollinate about three acres of cranberries in favorable weather. However, if you have large unbroken stretches of bog with free circulation of air in the center which tends to discourage honey bee visitation, you will get a higher percentage of fruit set if more colonies of bees are used. Last year to test this conclusion, Mr. Budd supplied a bog, I supplied the bees, and Mr. Herbert Beebe did the work of observing the bees at work upon the blossoms and the set of fruit, both close to the hive and at some distance. A high con- centration of colonies were used and the results are much in the bees' favor. Now my experiments are not as scientific as the recent ones mad.e last year by our New Jersey Ex- periment Station and by the Fed- eral Bureau of Entomology. I haven't enough time to give you details of these experiments. How- ever, I will skip over them, giving you a brief picture of these experi- ments and the conclusions drawn. It was not until Thursday of this week that I knew of this Federal experiment. Thursday I met Dr. James Hambleton, Senior Apicul- BUDA ENGINES Diesel — Gasoline Sales - Parts - Service Direct Factory Branch Buda Eng. & Equipment Co., Inc. 1316 Boylston St. Phone COM| 3161 Rain when you want it! RAIN BIRD SPRINKLERS The outstanding performance of RAIN BIRD sprinklers for portable pipe irrigation systems has brought them great popularity among farmers. These sprinklers will out perform others because there is nothing in the interior to interrupt flow of water. All working parts are on the outside, always accessible and foolproof and the oscillator arm breaks up the stream like nothing you have seen before. No. 20— '/a" conn. Sprinkles to 80 ft. dia. with W. P. 40 lbs. Cap. 2 to 9 G. P. M. Head only $3.00. No. 40— 'V conn. Sprinkles to 115 ft. dia. with W. P. 50 lbs. Cap. 5 to 26 G. P. M. Head only $6.00. No. 70 — V4" or 1" conn. Sprinkles to 150 ft. dia. with W. P. 75 lbs. Cap. 12 to 49 G. P. M. Head only §8.00 BRECKS 85 STATE STREET, BOSTON, MASS. Twenty-six turist in charge of the Division of Bee Culture of the' United States Department of Agriculture. He canductsd and. supervised experi- ments in Wisconsin mate in 1944 and 1945. When honey bees were used on cranberry bogs in field tcs,ts, 137 bushels per acre crops V. ere produced. Now this is in Wisconsin where they always thought they had sufficient pollin- ation w ithout honey bees and that, 'ii the wind did not accomplish it, ( ragging a rope across the tops of the vines woula effect pollination. Dr. Hambleton found that this rope dragging decreased pollination and a high concentration of bees could increase pollination much more than the Wisconsin cranberry growers ever thought possible. This figure, 137 bushels per acre, is interesting, as this corresponds to the Jersey figures of a 50 barrel crop per acre, which is considered, a good yield. With 2.7 bushels in a barrel this equals 135 bushels per acre. Now how can you get this 135 bushels per acre yielc. ? Mr. Robert S. Filmer of the New Jer- sey Experiment Station last year found that you must have 50 ber- ries per square foot to produce a 135 bushel crop. Now this isn't so much in the way of berries. In the plots Mr. Filmer tested, where vines were vigorous, soil conditions favorable and false blossom at a minimum, there were often 113 ber- ries per square foot, or a 305 bush- el per acre yield. Yet, where false blossom was high and plant growth was scanty, only 7.5 berries per square foot were found,. This is 19 bushels per acre. Insect pol- lination cannot produce a big crop unless we have plants in proper vigor, soil conditions favorable, and false blossom at a minimum. Years ago you had lots of wild bees, especially the Megachile and the Nomia bees, but with more in- tensive cultivation, the burning of uplands and the extensive use of insecticides, these wild, bees are disappearing. Each year more cranberry growers are coming to depend upon the honey bees. The honey bee is an ideal pollinator. I have heard many of you gentle- men state that a bumble bee can do a lot more pollination work than a honey bee. Granted that a single honey bee does not work as fast or as thoroughly as a single bumble bee. But a thousand honey bees can easily outdo a d.ozen bum- ble bees. Your favorite pollinator, the carpenter bee, has only two brood cycles a year. The leaf cut- ting bee (Megachile) apparently has but one generation a year and includes but a small number of individuals. The mining bee has two generations a year. The bum- ble bee can only lay and take care of a few eggs at a time and at the most have only five or six brood cycles annually. Just compare this with the honey bee record of some 12 to 15 brood cycles a year, all d.escendants of one queen, number- ing several hundred thousand worker bees annually, and you will begin to realize the wonderful re- procuctive powers of this insect and its capacity for work. However, honey bees can do only so much. You must have vigor- ous plant growth and you must have enough bees. Too few honey bees are useless; you must have an adeqtiate number for your acreage. In spraying while cranberries are in blossom, if you have honey bees for pollination, you are doing yourself a d.efinite harm. It takes only a pound of arsenic per hun- dred gallons of water to cause some killing of honey bees and al- though this does not hurt the col- ony much it reduces your worker bees that are supposed to be work- ing in the fields. Let me impress upon you that if you are going to get maximum pollination, get that spray or dust on early before many of the blossoms appear. I suppose this is asking a lot because cran- berries bloom slowly, yet the first blossoms to bloom in a cluster are the most important ones. If your blossom is pollinized at the time it is mature, you get large berries and maximum yield, per acre. Rotenone and pyrethrum are even worse killers of bees than arsenic. So if you rent bees, don't think so much that the beekeeper will suf- fer when you kill his bees; it is you who are suffering. For every field worker that you kill, it is as though you were killing a number of blos- some. Record OWNED and OPERATED WITHOUT INTERRUP- TION, by same family, for 239 years. SURVIVED: 7 Wars 1 Insurrection 10 Nation-wide pressions De- * According to recognized authorities no business enter- prise in the United, States can match this record. PERFORMANCE Manufactured over 7,000,- 000 Cranberry containers since the turn of this cen- tury. RESULT Prepared to supply Super- ior cranberry containers, at No Greater Cost, under a Standard of Business Ethics that has met the approval of thousands of customers over a record period of time. F. H. Cole Established 1707 Manufacturer of Wooden Boxes and Shooks No. Carver, Mass. Twenty-seven CRANBERRY SCOOPS and SCREENINGS Massachusetts growers who saw some of the air dusting- and spray- ing recently, particularly the dust- ing with the little Cub, including your correspondent, will be rather spoiled for "air thrill" shows in the future. These will have to be pret- ty good to get us to pay an admis- sion hereafter. As a matter of fact, the thrills were a little too thrilling once or twice for yours truly, who was trying to take photographs, and this probably goes also for the flagmen and for Dr. Fred Chand- ler. Apparently, and it would seem quite properly, too, the pilot has about all he can do to look out for himself in the air without re- garding those on the ground who haven't enough sense to keep out of his low-flying way. As the men holding aloft the yellow flags (with black circle center for easy visibility) mark the course to be covered, the pilot dove for his mark and it was up to the flagman not to be on the spot at the moment the plane arrived.. It would be a good bet that "Bill" Ross and "Bucky" Cattabriga of the ADM Company took off a few pounds of weight in diving left and right and throwing themselves flat. "Doc" Chandler was taking some spray meter readings out on the bog near Hyannis when somebody hol- lered "Look out. Doc"! Doc says he flattened himself in the vines until only the tops of his ears stuck out, and. even then one plane wheel went right down the part in his hair. As for myself, I was standing on the shore of Morse Swamp bog, which is practically level with the bog itself, trying for a shot, when the plane got on top of me awful quick. The result on that negative was simply a blue, as I fell flat fast. Another spec- tator, however, told me afterward I had the wrong technique. The way to do is to jump into the air a little and let the plane pass un- der you. and that guess is that the total crop, all areas combined, may be considerably in excess of last year, which was about an average crop." As of July 5, C. M. Chaney, American Ci'anberry Exchange, as part of a letter to members sent out a note of crop prospects. He said: "Cranberry crop prospects at this writing are good in all pro- cucing areas and. especially good in New Jersey by comparison with the crops in that state for the past several years. Of course, we all know that many things can happen between now and harvesting time, so we are not attempting to make any other than a guess at present ^^ J rgiack. h i mi^4( 1 PROTECT THIS YEAR'S PROMISE FOR A PROFITABLE CRANBERRY CROP Use Black Leaf 40 in accordance with State recommendations for the control of Spittle Insect Blunt-Nosed Leafhopper Blackheaded Fireworm Red-Striped Fireworm TOBACCO BY-PRODUCTS & CHEMICAL CORP. Incorporated LOUISVILLE, KENTUCKY "The Cranberry Belt" of Ellis D. Atwood at South Carver is now running on a Sunday and holiday afternoon schedule. It is not ex- actly like the "On the hour, every hour" of the Boston-New York New Haven and Hartford. R. R., but No. 7, with a coach and parlor car, does pull out from the screenhouse terminal quite regularly whenever^ there is a sufficient group ready to make the run. Railhead is now nearly a mile distant and there have been two hundred or so on hand each afternoon. The whistle wails, the bell rings, smoke puffs from the stack of No. 7, there are glimpses of the bogs and reser- voir from the car windows, and Mr. Atwood is a most congenial host. It's a great experience. That delegation from the West Coast, Mrs. Gertrude Dellinger, Mr. and Mrs. Rolla Parish, the Potters and Lewises from Wiscon- sin, and others from out of state attending the annual CCI meeting, came to Massachusetts just in time to enjoy a ride on the Eda- ville R. R. With M. L. Urann, conducting a Cape Cod tour of in- teresting points, another highlight was a visit with Miss Gertrud.e Lawrence, who opened for a week July 1st in 'Pygmalion", at Cape Cod playhouse, which LIFE recent- ly called America's foremost sum- mer theatre. Miss Lawrence, as well as being one of the foremost actresses of the day, is also a cran- berry grower. A photographer for FORTUNE magazine has again been around the Cape area taking some cran- berry scenes, a cameraman from that publication having been in the Massachusetts area last fall. A photographer from the National Geographic, working in Plymouth, was interested in pictures of aii spraying and dusting, as was alsc the FORTUNE man. Ellis Atwoot property at South Carver, now with the narrow-gauge Edavillt R. R., seems to be a "must" oi every photographer's list. Twenty-eight Dr. Neil E. Stevens of Univer- ity of Illinois has arrived at areham for the summer season nd is being welcomed by his many riends of the Massachusetts indus- ry. It is understood he will pur- sue scientific investigation "on his jwn hook" and, cooperate with the Sxperimental staff as usual. As this issue "goes to bed" there ire no OPA prices. New York Packer of July 6 in its lead article s saying "No Inflation in Fruits ind Vegetables as OPA Collapsed, vith minor exceptions; fresh pro- luce is selling at or below former tellings this week, with supplies nostly plentiful". Growers were iiscussing what the price of cran- )erries may be this tall, but there s no loud talk of getting every )enny the traffic will bear, that I lear so far. There is more spec- ilation at the moment as to how )ig the crop may go, how much )elow the so-far mythical "mil- ion-barrel" crop, and will it equal op production to date. The pres- mt talk is distinctly on the top ;ide, and if a big crop does develop here is still the law of supply and iemand at work. lUNE 8 HAIL STORM DAMAGE Loss in the "Wareham Hail Irea" in the sharp and sudden BETTER IRRIGATION LESS V/ATER A Model For . Every Pressure For Farm, end quickly Heavy duly for long tervi ter lubricated] quired. No weor out. Mi bulion. Wfile, THE C rd or Truck Garden. Easily nted on any irrigation pipe, ss and bronze construction Sand and dirt proof. Wa- aringt— no oil or grease re> moving parts to rapidly um coverage— even dhitr!> ituro andl priee^^__ LAPPER CO. FORMERLY NEW ENGLAND TORO CO. 1121 WASHINGTON ST. WEST NEWTON 65, MASS. PHONE BIGELOW 7900 ^ BUCKNER MANUFACTURING CO./* 1015 Blackstonft Ave., Fresno, Califomia BUCKNER SPRINKLERS storm of June 5 was estimated by Dr. Franklin as approximately 4,000 barrels. Estimate of total area hit by the stoim varied from 300 to 1,000 acres, with possibly 500 as about right. Dr. Franklin characterized the hail as generally "soft", although there was suffic- ient to have caused much greater loss if it had not been mostly of this soft nature and if the wind had. been as strong as often accom- panies hail. Damage was chiefly confined to bogs of Ruel Gibbs, the "Sam Gibbs" bogs, now operated by Homer Gibbs, the "Coyne" bog of J. J. Beaton, severe damage to bogs of Brenton C. Patterson, Wareham High school principal, and some to bogs of Leslie B. Han- dy. The area damage was in Car- ver, just over Wareham line, West Wareham, and into Rochester. still lacking and it is the enroll- ment of these lesser producers that is needed to put over the campaign. BE A REGULAR READER OF CRANBERRIES It's a good Thought to subscribe For your Foreman, Too MORE MASS "ROOT GRUB" ENROLLMENT NEEDED County Agent "Dick" Beattie, heading the "Root Grub" campaign in Massachusetts, has mailed cards to growers which will enroll them in the campaign. He points out the committee appointed to handle the serious grub situation in that state needs the information from growers to check results of the venture. He says he has received gratifying response from many of the larger operators, but replies from many of the small ones are Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK At Screcnhousea, Boca and Pumps Means Satisfaction ALFRED PAPPI WAREHAM. MASS. Tal. 626 ARlEHS-Ti/ler THE MOST MPLETE LINE OF TILLAGE EQUIPMENT IN THE WORLD CA- PACITIES H IN. TO 7 FT CUTTING WIDTHS. ARIENS CO. Box 508 BRIILION. WIS. Wo Have Listlncs of Cranberry Bogs, Large and Small FOR SALE Geo. A. Cole Agency WILDA HANEY Decas Block Wareham. Massachusetts LLOYD M. HENDRICK Registered Architect Architect-Engineer Public, Commercial and Domestic Work BAKER BLDG. BUZZARDS BAY AND POCASSET, MASS. CRANBERRY REAL ESTATE APPRAISING 17 Court St. Plymouth, Mass. BOG MANAGEMENT Tels: Plymouth 1622 Kingston 319 If you are buying or selling Cranberry Property it will pay you to see us. A number of properties available, more wanted. Twenty-nine FRESH FROM THE FIELDS By C J. H. MASSACHUSETTS Massachusetts crop prospect ap- pearance improved considerably as June ended and July began, in the opinion of Dr. Franklin. In fact, as of the first week in July the bogs look "surprisingly well", he said. The bloom was heavy, and the set was starting in good fash- ion. This heavy bloom included Barnstable County, where crops have been light, and, was the best in the past two or three years. Weather was not unfavorable, a little hot the last few days of June and first of July. Weather had been getting too dry in the latter part of June, but there was a good fall of rain on July 2nd, which helped the situation materially. Insect carnage on the whole had been relatively light. Less cheerful prospects had been indicated, by Dr. Franklin on previ- ous occasions when he said pros- pects as of time of those occasions was for a crop of not above aver- age. At those times (as at spec- ial meeting of N. E. Sales June 14) he was careful to emphasize, and was so reported, that these opinions were not forecasts, but "outlook at the moment". Better lEk. NEW LOCOnOTiVES BROOKVILLE CRANBERRY SPECIALS Available for October First Delivery if ordered at once Contact R. A. TRUFANT, North Carver for demomstration ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■BaSHHHHIII THOMAS BROTHERS General Contractors MIDDLEBORO, MASS. Tel. Midcleboro 772 Concrete Flumes and Pumpwells Transit Mix Concrete Complete Line of Construction Equipment Excavating - Grading - Hauling Leave the Tough Jobs for Us Our Experience is Your Guarantee reports than previously expected have also come in from the other cranberry areas. This opinion of Dr. Franklin that the crop outlook is improving is shared by others in all the districts. TlFrost Loss 5 Per cent — Dr. Franklin has set down the spring frost damage as five per cent, a considerable part of this being at- tributable to a frost on the night before Memorial Day. Reports which came in have shown that 25 degrees was not uncommonly reached, with 26 fairly general, and. there was injury on much acreage which had not been pro- tected by water. TIGrowers Got After Gypsies — Gypsy moth damage would have been a lot more serious in Ply- mouth County this year if many growers had not been very much ''on the ball" in getting good, con- trol through the use of DDT, both lis dust and as spray. There were plenty of the pests around, al- though they were rather spotty, but grov.-ers got busy at the proper time, and there was also the extra riar5-:n this year in the longer 1 illing power of the new insecti- cide. Gypsies were not overly heavy in Barnstable, and were likewise well controlled. TILeafhopper Warning — Blunt- nose leafhopper has been on the increase since 1941, as suitable dusting materials were not avail- able. To prevent an increase in false blossom disease, which a few years ago is well remembered as the greatest threat to cranberry growers, warnings have been sent out to growers through Barnstable and Plymouth county extension agents, in cooperation with Dr. Franklin. Growers were told if they got more than three leafhop- pers in the insect net in 50 sweeps treatment should be applied, be- ginning June 27th. NEW JERSEY TlProspects Good — Prospects ap- peared very good as July began. Thirty There had been heavy bloom, much heavier than is ordinary, with con- siderable good pollination weath- er. By end of June many bogs had already set well. Jersey grow- ers, although keeping their fingers crossed in consideration of adverse factors which may come into the picture between now and the time berries are actually harvested, were more cheerful than in several years. Estimating production in barrels so early is scarcely more than a guessing game, but guesses were made by some of production, ranging from 80 to 100 thousand barrels. With several years of low Jersey crops the industry is behind her in the present hope. HJune Wet — June was abnormal- ly wet with 7.56 inches of rain, 3.07 falling during a heavy thun- ier shower June 29. There was some hail at Pemberton, but little lamage to cranberries or blueber- ies had been i-eported immediately ifter the storm. The average nean temperature was almost 7 iegrees below normal, or 64.8 de- crees instead of 71.6. The week )f June 23, however, saw 90 de- ••rees temperature nearly every lay. UBlueberries "Upping" — E s t i- nate of the expected blueberry ;rop has been increased somewhat rom report of last month. Plenty )f rainfall during May and June las helped the berries, and the hot, Iry week the last of June brought he fruit up quickly. Stanley Cov- lle of the Blueberry co-opei"ative las said he expects a better crop ban 1944 (412,000 twelve-pint rates). There was some winter njury, especially on Cabots, but he crop as a whole was looking ine. VISCONSIN TlCheerful — No estimate of pros- lects was available from Wiscon- in except that Vernon Goldswor- hy was pleased, with developments ,t the end of June. He was look- ng for a much larger crop than ras produced last year, when the Jadger State harvested 81,000 larrels. WASHINGTON HWest Coast 6.5,000 Bbls?— In late June prospects on the West Coast were looking up, one esti- mate being that the crop for both states might run up to 65,000 bbls. Particularly was there optimism in the Long Beach peninsula area, where the hope was expressed there might be three boxes for every one harvested last year. For the first time in several years the season appeared to be practically "on schedule" and not late. This cheerful feeling was present at the time of bloom, but growers at the same time were keeping in their minds the possibilities of excessive "heats" or other adverse factors between then and harvest time. what effect so much moisture would have on the cranberries. He called the bloom excellent on most of the bogs, and if the set should be proportionate he feels there should be a substantial increase in the size of the crop over last year, with favorable weather, especially in early July. TIDDT Spray proved to be high- ly satisfactory for control of fire- worm, he says, and the growers were well pleased with results of TILong Beach — The Long Beach area is enjoying a consistent growth in acreage, this being both in renovation of the old bogs there and in new acreage, considerable of these being rather sizeable. TlPlenty of Moisture — There was plenty of moisture up to the end of June, and the dry season was starting with the bogs saturated. In fact, there was so much rain the week of the 16th that D. J. Crowley was a trifle worried as to ELECTRICAL SUPPLIES • HARDWARE PAINTS GROSSMAN'S 27 Ashley Boulevard Tel. New Bedford 5-7438 PORT-A-RAIN Portable POWER PUMPING UNIT Immediate Delivery Today . . . Dependable Water Delivery for Years Your irrigation needs have an immediate answer in the prompt delivery available on Port-a-Rain Portable Power Pumping Units. The famous ruggedness and time-tested operation of Port-a-Rain equipment is your assurance of repeated on-the-job efficiency, years to come. Irrigation means greater yield — Port-a-Rain means greater per- formance. Eight models. Write now for prices and specifications. Manufactured by McCUNE & COMPANY Phone 93231 3721 Mahoning Ave., Youngstown, Ohio Thirty-one its use. It was used only for pre- bloom sprays. TINew Grays Agent — New Gray's Harbor County assistant agricul- tural agent, Nolan Servoss, has been spending two weeks with Mr. Crowley at the Long Beach station in order to get acquainted with cranberry problems. He will work with cranberry and Croft lily growers in the Grayland district. visitor to the Wisconsin cranberry Amundson having been a visitor to district, having been visiting the the Bandon cranberry area earlier Amundson family of Babcock, Mrs. this year. TTField Day — Annual Field Day for cranberry growers is to be held at Long Beach on August 23rd, with growers from all sections in Washington and Oregon attending. OREGON HBogs Look Good — Crop pros- pects for Southern Oregon in June appeared very promising. Some bogs, including the Kranick marsh, were in full bloom, the eai'liest in several seasons. There were inter- mittent rains during the first half of June. Martin Kranick, son of Mr. and Mrs. L. W. Kranick, was a recent Electricity Electrification of agricultural activities is a trend of modernization of rural life. It is the modern agriculturist who reaps the full benefits of this changing age. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM Tel. 200 PLYMOUTH Tel. 1300 PYROCIDE DUST \\ // Impregnated Pyrethrum Less Cost Per Acre Is Again Available to the Cranberry Groovers This insecticide has been used by a number of large growers for many years with good results in controlling Gypsy Moths, Fireworms, Leaf Hoppers, and all other insects that the spray chart recommends Pyrethrum Products as the best control. For Sale by BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY Cape Cod Cranberries WAREHAM, MASS. Telephone ( 970 ) 130 Thirty-two Let's Look AT THE RECORD Since 1930, year after year (no exception), we have paid a "just price" to the Growers of Cranberries, which price has been the top price. Over these years many growers have placed their confidence in us and delivered their berries to us, knowing that the final price for the season would be a "just price". These growers received $21.00 per barrel NET for their 1945 deliveries. Ask these growers about their transactions with MINOT and then consult our Representa- tive, BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY, and arrange to deliver all or part of your 1946 Cranberries to MINOT. MIN-OT FOOD PACKERS, Inc. BRIDGETON, NEW JERSEY Represented by BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY vW Eatmor Cranberries Since 1907 The New England Cranberry Sales Company is now in its fortieth year of cooperative service to cragl)erry growers. 4 This company with its associate State Companies form the American Cranberry Exchange, our own National mar- keting cooperative. This Company markets both the fresh and the canning grade berries of its members and serves as a purchasing medium for supplies. The Eatmor trademark has a high degree of trade and consumer acceptance. It is an invaluable asset, earning dividends which every member grower shares. The success of this organization has been attained by conducting its affairs impartially for the good of each and every member. If a cranberry grower desires cooperation in this field where complete cooperation is so essential to success, he should join this association of cranberry growers. NEW ENGLAND CRANBERRY SALES CO. "The Fresh Cranberry Cooperalive" 9 Station Street MIDDLEBORO, MASSACHUSETTS ^^"^ ^KV\0HALCRANBERRVM4^47W^ APE COD VEW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON '"% CRANBERRIES PHOTO ^ FRANK A. CRANDON- Massachusetts Grower i August, 1946 30 cents \ i You don't stay first Unless you're best As a result of giving our Members service that was so clearly superior, is why we have been First — every year for 52 years. Growers Cranberry Company, Inc. PEMBERTON, NEW JERSEY OUR 100 Members ARE 100% Committed Td the principles of cooperative marketing of cranberries as 100% members of the American Cranberry Exchange Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin Continuing 16 Years of Progress -- Members of CCI have made much progress in the 16 years since they be- gan co-operative canning. Here are just a few of the progressive steps they have brought about: Equal Price for Processing Berries. It was once an accepted practice to pay several dollars under the market price for pie berries, floats, tenders, and others of canning grade. CCI, through cooperative processing, earned as much or more for canning berries as could be obtained on the fresh market, and forced upward the price for all cranberries of processing grade. Today there is no discrimination in price between cranberries for the fresh market or for process- ing. Payment by Weight. Fresh cranberries are sold to consumers by the pound. Cranberries for processing go into the kettles by the pound. But the grower is paid by the box or the barrel. Any over-run which the buyer or the canner receives is his velvet. CCI, recognizing that cranberry boxes often are over- weight, established the practice of payment by weight. Today, CCI members get full value for cranberries per pound. No Shrinkage — No Loss. Co-operative processing has eliminated shrinkage while cranberries waited for a market. It has eliminated waste piles by devel- oping a market for ALL cranberries. It has found a use for floats, tenders, mixed varieties which formerly meant a loss to growers. All-Year Market. Cranberries formerly were sold within a few months after harvesting. Growers had to take the best price they could get to move the crop. Now, because of CCI's advertising and sales promotion, consumers have been taught to eat canned cranberries all the year, and cranberry growers now have a 12 months' season. All-Day Consumption. Cranberries formerly were eaten chiefly with turkey. Now Ocean Spray has introduced Orange-Cranberry Marmalade and Apricot- Cranberry Mix, which put cranberries on the breakfast table. Cranberry Juice Cocktail makes it possible to drink the crop as well as eat it. Whole Cran- berry Sauce and Jellied Cranberry Sauce are being promoted with all meats, in salads, and desserts. Greater consumption means a greater demand for cran- berries. These and many other progressive developments in the cranberry indus- try have been brought about by the united efforts of the members of CCI. These members will continue to wOrk for progress, to develop a wider market for cranberries, to earn good prices year in and year out, and to build a safe and secure cranberry industry. The more growers who enlist in this worthwhile work, the better the job can be done. CRANBERRY CANNERS, Inc. The Growers' Cooperative Canning Company Hanson, Mass. Onset, Mass. Long Beach, Wash. Coquille, Ore. Plymouth, Mass. Dennis, Mass. Markham, Wash. Bordentown, N. J. North Harwich, Mass. North Chicago, III. ■SERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY! ^"^^^"-^"' ADAMS & GOULD The Lumber Dealers "Everything Under Cover" East Wareham, Mass. Cape & Vineyard Electric Company People's National Bank & Trust Co. Tel. Wareham 648 Offices: Pemberton, Building Material for Bog, Chatham New Jersey Screenhouse and Home Uses Falmouth Paints - Hardware Hyannis Vineyard Haven Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Marinette & Menominee Box Co. Marinette, Wisconsin Established 184S Hall & Cole Incorporated Commission Merchants Wood County BOXES, BOX SHOCKS, CRATING . WIREBOUND BOXES AND CRATES and Jobbers 94 Faneuil Hall Market 102 National M & M's 64th Year BOSTON, MASS. Bank APPLES AND CRANBERRIES SPECIALTIES Wisconsin Rapids, Serving the Wisconsin Wisconsin Cranberry Growers Car Lot Receivers MEMBER FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION KROP-SAVER The Midd eborough brand INSECTICIDES Nafional Bank of Trust Company FUNGICIDES MIDDLEBORO ! For the Cranberry Grower Wareham MASS. CROP-SAVER CHEMICAL COMPANY, Inc. 2630 West Arthington St. Wareham, Mass. Member of The Federal Deposit Chicago 12, Illinois MEMBER FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION Insurance Corporation DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS MASSACHUSETTS Call WAREHAM 162 S. G. M. Packard & Go. Hardware — Locksmiths For Maintenance Supplies Diesel Bulldozer Tractor Plowing and Harrowing E. C. HOWES WEST WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. Wareham 405-W-2 Experienced in Bog Work HERE WE GO If you want QUALITY THAT'S WHERE WE FIT GIVE US A CALL FROST INSECTICIDE CO. Box 36 Arlington 74, Mass. USE DYNAMITE The modern w^ay to re- move stumps, excavate rocks, DIG CORES FOR DIKES, and other blasting Vi^ork in cranberry growing. Speeds up work — reduces costs. CONSULT WITH US ON ANY WORK YOU ARE PLANNING. Trained by Hercules Powder Co. ALTON J. SMITH High St., Hanson, Mass. Tel. Bryantville 209-R-S Serving Western Cranberry Growers with High Quality Products Rotenone Pyrethrum Sabadilla Nicotine Copper Sprays Oil Sprays Lime Sulphur Solution Miller Products Company Portland 1, Oregon JOHN HILL Plymouth St. Bryantville, Mass. Offers Cranberry Growers the Value: Of Long Experience in Cranberry Work plus The Latest in Construction- Renovation Equipment, in- cluding : 2 Caterpillar Tractor Bullc'ozers 2 Power Shovels Sand, Gravel, Crushed Stone Delivered Tel. Bryantville 6422 Morris April Bros. Bridgeton - Tuckahoe New Jersey Apples Cranberries Peaches GROWERS AND SHIPPERS H. R. Bailey Co. South Carver Massachusetts Manufacturers of CRANBERRY EQUIPMENT Acushnet Saw Mills Co, GOOD WOOD BOXES Cranberry Growers Order Harvest and Shipping Boxes New Bedford, Mass. Est. 1865 We Are Supplying Harvest and Shipping BOXES--NOW Place Your Order With Jesse A. Holmes & Son SOUTH CARVER, MASS. Tel. Carver 10-3 Three Issue of AuKUst. 1946 — Vol. 11. No. 4 Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop, Main St., Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscription $2.50 per year. Entered as second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post office at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 8, 1879. Industry Favored With Learned and Able Staff At E. Wareham, Mass, Four Research Men With Ph. D. Degrees, and Two Assist- ants Stationed There — Station Just Granted Additional Funds for Renovation Program — Mass. Cranberry Indus- try Survey Massachusetts cranberry grow- ers directly, and growers in other areas, indirectly, are fortunate in the extremely able staff engaged in cultural research at Massachu- setts Experiment Station, East Wareham. Established in 1910, provided with a bog of 12 Vz acres, the Station is currently staffed with four scientists, all with de- grees of doctor of philosophy, and. two skilled assistants. In charge is Dr. Franklin, recognized as the leading authority upon cultivation of the American cranberry of com- merce. "Thumbnail Sketches" of the staff, more complete ai'ticles hav- ing appeared in CRANBERRIES as indicated, follow: Dr. Henry J. Franklin (CRAN- BERRIES, Nov. 1939), Research Professor, has been in charge of the Station since 1910 when it was established. Born in Guilford, Vermont, he was graduated from Powers Institute at Bernard.ston, Massachusetts, then going to Mas- sachusetts State College at Am- herst, majoring in entomology. He took postgraduate courses in 1906 and 1907 and has degrees of B. S. C. and Ph. D. Following this he went to Minnesota, where he was assistant to the State Ento- mologist for 1% years. His doc- tor's thesis was a monograph, "The Bombidae of the New World." He is the world's leading authority on New World bumble bees. His many scientific treatises include the paper "On a Collection of Thusanopterous Insects of the Bar- bados Islands"; "Cape Cod Cran- berry Insects" (1923); "Cranberry Growing in Massachusetts' '(1940); "Cranberry Ice", in the bulletin "Weather in Cranberry Culture" (1943). He makes his home with Mrs. Franklin at East Wareham. Dr. Frederick B. Chandler (CRANBERRIES, March 1946) is Professor in Research and assist- ant to Dr. Franklin. A native of Machias, Maine, he was graduated from the University of Maine as a horticulturist in 1929, after which he served on ' the University of Maine staff and did post-graduate work at Massachusetts State Col- lege, University of Chicago, Uni- versity of Minnesota and the Uni- versity of Marylana, where he re- ceived his Ph. D. in 1939. He was for one year on the research staff at Massachusetts Institute of Technology and then entered the employ of the United States De- partment of Agriculture and was stationed in New Jersey at Pem- berton. One of his d.uties there was to head the cranberry breeding project which is being conductea in the cranberry areas, and he is still associated in this hybrid pro- gram as a collaborator. He as- sumed his work as assistant to Dr. Franklin in January of this year. He is married, has two small daughters, and lives at East Ware- ham. Dr. Chester E. Cross (CRAN- BERRIES, February 1942) holds an associate professorship at the Station. He began cuties there during the summers from 1937 and has mainly specialized on chemical weed control, and was appointed to the staff full time December 28, 1941. Born in Boston, May 5, 1913 he trained at Massachusetts State College, majoring in botany with minor work in chemistry, geology and entomology. He re- ceived his Bachelor of Science d.e- gree in 1935 and with it the Hill's Botanical prize for an herbarium collected in Massachusetts. He had two years in graduate school, elected to Phi Kappa Phi Honor Society, and completed a thesis on fossil pine cones, receiving his Master of Science degree. He at- tended Harvard Graduate School of Arts and Science on a George Emerson scholarship and wrote his doctor's thesis in the field of palaeobotany. In June 1940 he re- ceived the Doctor of Philosophy Degree in Biology. With Mrs. Cross, who is a member of Phi Kappa Phi and Phi Beta Kappa honor societies, he lives at East Sandwich. During the war he was in service 29 months, stationed at the Climatic Research Laboratory, Lawrence, Massachusetts, where he was non-commissioned officer in charge of chemistry and. physics. Dr. Herbert F. Bergman (CRAN- BERRIES, February, 1944) is Sen- ior Pathologist, United States De- partment of Agriculture, apd has specialized in pi'oblems of Aeration, the relation of oxygen supply to plant life, including oxygen in cranberry flooding waters. Born in Medicine Lodge, Kansas, Sep- tember 15, 1883, he attended Kan- sas State College, studying gen- eral science, majoring in botany, studied at the University of Ne- braska. He received his Ph. D. degree at the University of Minne- sota. He entered the service of the Bureau of Plant Industry, U. S. D. A., left this for a time to be- come Professor of Botany at what was then College of Hawaii and was in the Hawaiian Islands for ten years. His cranberry work has included service in New Jer- sey and Wisconsin as well as Mas- sachusetts. His scientific papers have includ.eo "The Flora of North Dakota", "The Relation of Ice and Snow Cover on Winter-Flooded Cranberry Bogs to Vine Injury from Oxygen Deficiency" in the bulletin "Weather in Cranberry Culture". He has been assigned, by request of the editors of "Bio- logical Abstracts", which abstracts •scientific articles in English and foreign languages, to do this work of summarizing scientific and his- torical articles which appear in CRANBERRIES. Joseph L. Kelley (CRANBER- RIES, April 1945) is technical as- Five sistant to Dr. Franklin. Born m East Wareham Nov. 10, 1889, he has been engaged in work at the Station since 1913. For two years he was with the Unitea States Bureau of Plant Industry, engaged in Dut-h Elm disease studies. He is an authority upon blueberry cul- tivation as well as cranberries. ' George Rounseville, born in East Wareham, graduate of Wareham High school, was groundkeeper at the East Wareham Experiment Station before leaving for service during the war where he spent 3.3 months in the Marine Corps, was a corporal, and spent many months on duty in the Pacific. Returned to the Station last winter. Additional Funds Granted With such a brilliant staff of re- search workers, Massachusetts growers, under the sponsorship of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' As- sociation have been interested in two projects recently, the first to have an increased appropriation for the Station, to give the staff "better tools to work with", and the second, a survey of the Massa- chusetts cranberry industry. Both have been accomplished, the appro- priation of $5,000 for the survey announced last month, and the last week of July Dr. Franklin re- ceived a letter from Dr. F. J. Sie- vers of Massachusetts State Col- lege that an equal sum is to be forthcoming for improvements to the Station. The "reconversion" program will, it is expected, include a heating plant (there is now only one stove), the division of space into offices, improved laboratory and laboratory equipment, and other items. An additional car for use of the staff on official business has also been discussed as a necessity to enable the staff to give in- creased service to field, and other activities away from the Station. It was expected the woi'k would be completed "before snow flies". More exact details of this recon- version program will probably be announced at the annual growers' meeting August 20th. The survey project was dis- cussed in detail at a meeting at the Station July 18. Present were Massachusetts Commissioner of Agriculture Fred E. Cole, Walter Piper of Mr. Cole's office, C. D. Six Stevens, agricultural statistician in charge. New England Crop Re- poi'ting Sei'vice, Dr. Franklin, Dr. Chandler, Dr. Bergman, Joseph T. Brown, Plymouth County Agent, Bertram Tomlinson, Barnstable County Agent, J. L. Kelley, Pres- ident George Short of the Growers' association, and Directors Paul E. Thompson, Chester Vose, Melville Beaton, Harrison F. Goddard. A Survey committee was appointed, this consisting of Commissioner Cole and President Short, both ex- officio. Statistician Stevens, Dr. Franklin, County Agents Brown and Tomlinson, Melville C. Beaton. Hired enumerators will be used, it is expected,, and the work begun late in the fall in order not to in- terfere with harvest. The last survey of the Massachusetts incus- try was in 1934, and the matter of a new survey has been put oft' until after the war. Combined with the industry survey there is hope there will be a survey-report of agricultural chemicals used, quantities, kinds of material, dis- tribution, etc. Albert E. Goring Full-Time ADMCO Entomologist Probably the first company or individual within the cranberry in- dustry to employ a full-time ento- mologist is the A. D. Makepeace Company of Wareham, which now has such a man working out of the Wareham office. He is Albert E. Goring, who will be graduated from Massachusetts State College, Amherst, after resuming studies for about four months this fall, his course having been interrupted be- cause of Army service. Mr. Gor- ing will receive a B. S. degree, having majore:. in entomology and minored in botany, and present ex- pectations are he will continue study until he receives a Ph. D. Goring was born in Northamp- ton, Mass., in 1D25, attended High school there, and then entered Mass. State. He would, have been graduated with the class of 194.5 except for the war service interim. During this time he was stationed at Fort Devens, where he was ori- Photographed holding goggles, while tal- ' ing part in air spray-dusting experiment: entation course lecturer, special- izing in German matters, mostly interpreting German propaganta. He has been in the employ of the United States Department of Agriculture, working on Dutch Elm disease, and also for tlie Mas- sachusetts Depai-tment of Agricul- ture. Last summer he was em- ployed as field man for Immi- speiden Chemical Company of New York in New Jersey. His work there did not bring him in contact with cranberries, although he did note some bogs in the Mt. Holly area. He has also had some ex- perien:e in writing for newspapers anc school publications. Mr. Goring is married, has a small daughter, and is making his home in one of the renovated Makepeace houses at Tihonet. Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK At Screenhouses, Bogs and Pumps Means Satisfaction ALFRED TAPPI WAREHAM, MASS. T«l. 628 A Frank Crandon Achieved ''Good Life'' Though Never Leaving the New England Farm Homestead Has Been Businessman, Market Gardener, Poultryman, Top- Producing Cranberry Grower and Co-operator — Mechan- ically Inclined, Will Demonstrate "Crandon-Leonard" Picker at August CCCGA Meeting. by CLARENCE J. HALL Frank P. Crandon of Long Plain, Acushnet, is one of the smaller, but a top producer among- Massachusetts growers. He is one of the busiest — progressive, much interested in many angles of the cranberry industry, he has become one of the more prominent. He also is, and has been, engaged in a number of other ventures, so many, in fact, that he was rather reluctant to have me set c.own all his activities. "Folks will think I'm crazy", he said. However, if Frank Crandon's career has been that of one who is crazy, there are many who would like to have the ability to be crazy in the same way. When Frank Crandon expresses his views other growers listen with respect. He gets around,, and for a small grower he throws a lot of weight. Although he has been growing cranberries for the past 38 years, cranberries have become his principal interest for only the past half dozen years or so. His main businesses were farming and poultry. He began in cranberries with a bog of two acres, 65% rods, at the Crandon Farm, this having been increased to four. In the 35' years he has been a producer his average has been 76.4 bbls. per acre of bog. He has produced as high as 556 bbls. on the two acres 65V2 rods. Last year he produced 701 bbls., screened from seven acres, these including three acres in a new holding. From a two acre piece of new bog in 1945 he produced 210 barrels, screened, and 55 in floats. In the whole time he has lost but a single crop. Frank Crandon was born 60 years ago in the same Long Plain farmhouse in which he now lives. He is an example of a Yankee who never went away from "the old homestead", yet has knocked a good living out of life, building his livelihood around operations with a New England farm as the base. It happens he is mechanical, in- ventive, a good executive, business- man and farmer, quick to adapt himself to changing conditions. He has been quick to grasp the ad- vantages of the modern. At the annual meeting of the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' As- sociation the 20th of this month he will have a mechanical cran- berry picker to give an actual pick- ing demonstration, a machine which he d.esig-ned and built with Herbert C. Leonard, a Long- Plain neighbor. The "Crandon Picker", about which considerable has been heard already, was first tried out last fall. Some rather important "bugs" were found to exist then, and these defects have been reme- died d.uring the winter since, he hopes. He thinks now he and Leonard have a machine which will harvest a crop with satisfac- tion to the grower. "If we have- n't, we'll keep on trying until we have", he says. If he has indeed perfected a "cranberry picking ma- chine", his fame in the industry will be secure. But more about this later. Crandon Farm Born "Crandon Farm", Long Plain, was acquired by Frank's grand,- father, the Rev. Philip Crandon, a Methodist minister, about 70 years ago. His father, Philip H. Cran- don, now 88 and "smart as a steel trap", still lives in part of the farmhouse and was a farmer. Frank attended New Bedford High school, and when he was 19 his father put him in complete charge of the farm. I'hey raised, market crops, sti'awberries, rasp- berries, beets, small fruits ana vegetables, and chickens. Many years ago he put in a complete irrigation system, "March's Automatic", which was one of the first such installations in his part of the country. With this system the Crandon Farm could beat all other producers in getting produce first on the mar- ket, thus assuring getting top prices. This was an advantage which meant something then, he says, but with farm irrigation more common now an irrigated farm is no longer head and shoul- ders above all competition. Frank was a twin, his brother, C. H. Crand.on, being a man who did not stay on the farm, but went to Florida, where he was until recently president of a Miami bank, is chairman of Dade County Commissioners, and an important figure in the wholesale drug busi- ness, a successful man, with Miami parks bearing his name. A young- er brother, Albert, is president of the American Window Glass Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. With an older brother, in the early 20's Crandon v/as engaged in the electrical con- tracting business as Crandon Bro- thers, located in New Bedford's West End, but he still maintained his home on the farm. The firm had a master electric- ian's license and Frank was a lic- ensed electrician. Crandon Bros, was one of the first to introduce electric refrigerators into New England,. During this period, for eleven years he was employed by General Motors, selling Delco light and power systems all over New England, the last seven years as closing sales manager for the cor- poration. All this time the Crandon Farm was in operation and the poultry business was the main interest with Frank. During the recent war he was astute enough to make a considerable splurge in poultry. Seven •»-"^Ai'^i- .,-'-......:^;?is.e^ -^.^-^jsy^-^r - VIEW OF THE NEW FRANK CKANDON BOO He had as many as 60,000 broilers in a single year, besides 8,000 tur- keys. This was at a property at Brimfield in Worcester county which he bought and has since sold. He is also in the poultry business at Norwell with S. F. Dixon. Here, at present, about 18,000 broilers are housed, all in one building, which is one of the most modern plants in New Eng- land. Is a Leading Poultryman Mr. Crandon, in fact, has been even better known in the Massa- chusetts poultry business than in cranberries. He is a director of the Broikton (Mass.) Co-operative Egg Auction. He has been direc- tor for 12 of the 13 years of exist- ence of this co-op which began with a small business and last year did a volume of more than $3,000,000. He is also a director of Mass. Fed.- eration of Poultrymen. He has had one highly unfor- tunate experience with his poultry business. That was in the "Second New England hurricane", that of the fall of 1944. This storm lev- eled two laying houses at the Orandon Farm, one 254 feet long, the other about 200, and blew down about 150 feeit of ^ thij-d, a ngw one. Of 5,000 hens he had only 1200 left. "I took an awful lick- ing in that wind", he says, estimat- ing the loss at $20,000. There was no insurance, and the only bright spot in the whole episode was when he was writing out his in- come tax for that year. He has since rebuilt the partly-destroyed brooder and continued in the poul- try business at the farm on a re- duced scale. Starting in cranberries 38 years ago Crandon had the two and a half-acre bog built for him, set to about half Blacks and. half Howes. This bog is at the Crandon farm, flooded from the old New Bedford reservoir. The one time he lost his crop, he says, was when he didn't believe Dr. Franklin's fore- cast there was to be a frost, and he went to bed, leaving his vines unprotected. Otherwise Crandon has been a pretty firm believer in the value of the advice from Dr. Franklin and associates at the Massachusetts Experimental Sta- tion at East Wareham. As a matter of fact, he so stated pub- licly recently when he was one of a discussion panel at a meeting of Southeastern Massachusetts Cran- berry Club. He also said that as a beginning cranberry grower he owed much to taking the advice of those who had been at the game on a large scale for many years. With his cranberry acreage in- creased to four at the farm he has built four more, this property be- ing on a peninsula on the Keene River road. His water supply, which is the old. New Bedford Water Works reservoir, surrounds the bogs on three sides. This is in two pieces, set entirely to Early Blacks. This property, he has found, as concerns frost, is about six degrees warmer, usually, than the forecasts of Dr. Franklin in- dicate, due to the location of the bog on the peninsula out into the water. The Crandon Farm bogs are still warmer than this because of some vagary of the situation. Expanding Cranberry Holdings Crandon is all ready to expand his holcings at the old water works by building 12 acres more, which with the four already built there and the four at Crandon Farm, will give him 20 acres alto- gether. Some of the brushing out has been done and he is waiting (but only with as much patience as he can summon) for men and ma- Eigtt ADAM STEIN PHOTO Leonard and ''Machinist" Crandon at Work in Onset CCI Macliine Shop chinery to begin the actual con- struction. This bog is to be in a cedar and maple swamp which is about eight feet above the level of his present bogs there. Flowage to the present four acres is by pump, and he will shovel a ditch around these acres and raise the water directly to the new 12 acre piece. From there it could be dropped down onto the present pieces. Supply of water is not one of his worries. He also has good sand supply. As a grower, Crand.on operates upon a few simple, but, he believes, sound principles. One of these is to heed the advice of the experts. He believed in getting his bogs free of weeds at the start and then keeping them so — and they are beautiful clean pieces of cranberry property. He keeps the shores mowed back for a safe distance, doing the mowing three times a year. He sprays the uplands to keep gypsies from getting onto the bog at all. He takes great care to get after the first brood, fire- worm on time, usually using water. When he lets the water go in the spring he really lets it go, and lets the bogs dry out. As he hag plenty of water, in dry season he fills his ditches and puts an inch or so (the bog is level) into the vines, doing this after sunset and before sunrise. This is a proced- ure which he says is one of his own and may not be an approved practice, but it does work out with him. Active Advocate of CCI Crandon sells all his berries to Cranberry Canners, Inc. He is a thorough advocate of co-operation, and as is widely recognized in Massachusetts, at least, is ardent in the cause of this particular ma- jor co-operative. He is a member of CCI Advisory Board and is pres- ident of the Cranberry Credit Cor- poration, the subsidiary of CCI. He feels he has gained much in outlook, contact, and in every way from his membership in CCI. He expressed his views concisely and firmly in a brief article in April issue of CRANBERRIES, urging the formation of a national "over- all". "It is my job — that is, a grow- er's job — to grow cranberries and that's job enough", he says. "It is the co-op's job to sell mjr berries after I have grown them. I don't care whether my berries are sold fresh or processed, it doesn't mat- ter as long as I am getting the top market price." Crandon is a member of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Associa- tion. He was the first president of the Southeastern Cranberry club and was mainly instrumental in its organization. To bring to a conclusion the list of things in which Crandon is in- terested, besides being farmer, poultryman and cranberry grower he conducts a wholesale grain bus- iness covering a territory which includes the Cape to Provincetown, Nantucket and Marthas Vineyard. This business is largely in the hands of his wife as book-keeper, and son-in-law, Paul Dreyer. He is vice president of and very much interested in the Farmers' Produc- tive Association of Taunton. He is president of the Acushnet Nurs^ ing Association, and on the board of trustees of the Long Plain M. E. church. He is a Mason, mem- ber of Star in the East chapter, New Bedford, and has been a member of the Odd Fellows and of the Grange. He holds two or NiBf three patents, one for a hot water broocer system, and this equipment has been sold all over the United States, and an automatic hitch for a cow, which prevented the cow from getting- tangled up. Both devices worked, he says. "Mechanical Age Is Coming" Crandon is definitely inclined, to- ward the mechanical. "Eventual- ly", he is convinced, as are many others, "cranberry growers will have to do everything they can by modern machinery methods. The grower cannot survive unless he is willing to adapt his cranberry growing to machinery." He himself has about every piece of equipment now which the modern agriculturist can possess, and is interested in whatever new is coming along. Next year he plans to d.ust his cranberry hold- ings, small as they are, by air- plane. In addition to the mechan- ical picker, he ana Mr. Leonard have a pruning machine "pretty well along", and also are working on a sanding machine. "The day of ten or a dozen men sanding from a plank is gone". The "Crandon Picker" Crandon and, Mr. Leonard have been experimenting with the pick- ing machine for nearly five years. Mr. Leonard, now also a cranberry grower, for 24 years was an in- structor at New Bedford Vocation- al School, lately in welding, and prior to that as a machinist. He is a graduate of Brown & Sharpe, where he began his apprenticeship. Mr. Leonard, Crandon is eager to admit, is the "real machinist" of the Crandon ana Leonard combi- nation. Mr. Leonard was until recently head mechanic at the At- las Tack Corporation in I-'''airhaven, where he perfected the first fully automatic tack machine. About seven years ago he built a small bog near his home, which is also in Acushnet. This bog con- sists of three acres and he is now adding to it. He has produced some excellent crops, his varieties being mostly Early Blacks and. a few "Randalls", this producing a large berry and was developed from a native Massachusetts vine. So thoroughly imbued ai'e Cran- don and Leonard with the ideal of perfecting a cranberry picking- machine that for the past two and one-half years they have put in nearly every Saturday and Sunday (or often both) all this past winter, continuing their labors in the beautifully-equipped machine shop of the CCI cannery at the Onset plant. What the total of hours put in would be, perhaps only their wives realize — they are not golf widows, but "cranberry picking machine" widows. Work of the sort they are doing- requires suitable quarters and equipment, and these facilities have been provided by CCI, this being considered as an experiment project through its research activ- ities. Since the trials of this machine last fall, Messrs. Crand.on and Leonard are certain there has been an Improvement in flexibility of the scoop, that it can be more eff^ect- ively adjusted to the unevenness of the bog- floor. It now has quick adjustment of from one to six inches. A second improvement has been in the "vine cleaner". They say this will now absolutely take out all the vines, this failure before having caused some trouble. Here is their description of the machine: It weighs about 900 pounds without the operator, who rices on a seat at the rear. The motive power is a 2% horsepower gas engine such as a Briggs & Stratton, which is what they have on the trial model. The picking- swath is 26 inches. The machine is geared so that as it moves ahead,, scoops, five in num- ber, work in reverse from the for- wai-d motion; that is, the scooping is backward toward the machine. Scoops have aluminum teeth and they fellow in intervals of about 12 inches apart and remain in the vines for a four inch "scoop", while the machine is moving- ahead. The harvested berries drop from the scoops into an elevator and from this are carried by belt con- veyor into a regulation Va bbl. harvest box. As each box is filled the operatoi- trips a lever and, the box is dropped to the bog and an- other automatically moves into place. Four boxes are carried on a rack on the right hand side of the picker. As to the speed of the picker, the inventors say it will cover 60 feet in one minute. As to the number of barrels an hour which will be harvested, that will cepend upon the quantities of berries on each bog. In "good" picking, which might be set from 50 bbls. to the acre up, they believe a bar- rel will be picked, in about two minutes. Their estimate is that the machine will do the work of 12 scoopers, with 6 in the crew, hand- ling boxes and all. Many saw this machine on exhi- bition at the annual meeting of CCI in June. They looked it over with much interest. Many others are expected to view it on the State Bog at East Wareham, this coming growers' meeting. The real test will come when it is set to a real picking job this fall. This cranberry picker may be "it", the quick, efficient, economical device long awaited by the industry, and yearly becoming more and more \'itally necessary as harvesting costs i-ise and labor becomes more difficult to obtain. If it should prove not to be completely suc- cessful "as is", Crandon and Leon- ard have already proven they do not give up easily. They will con- tinue working. Crandon, in a busy life, as relat- ed, has turned his energies to a number of things, with the result that he now intends to concentrate upon being a cranberry grower. "I plan to give up my other inter- ests", he says, and adds, as have others, "I find I like the cranberry business beSt." NOW TO HOLLAND Another subscription to CRAN- BERRIES from Europe now in- cludes Holland in the foreign coun- tries to which this publication is going. This latest is to Zaadjioor- dijk's Cranberry Cultur, Terschel- ling, Holland. As with recent orders from Finland and Austria, it is hoped soon to have some in- formation as to the European in- terest in cranberry growing. SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES Ten Photo (Wisconsin Rapids Daily Tribune), taken before the opening of the conference at Bull's Eye Country club, shows: Front row, kneeling (left to right) , G. A. Getzin, city; C. D. Hammond, Jr., and Stanley Benson, both of Mas- sachusetts. Second row, seated, Clyde McGrew, assistant general manager, American Cranberry Exchange; Franklin S. Chambers, New Jersey; Arthur D. Benson, Middleboro, Mass., manager of the New England Cranberry Sales Company; Allison Scammell, New Jersey, and C. M. Chaney. general manager of the American Cranberry Exchange. Rear Row: William F. Huffman, Wisconsin Rapids, president of the Wis- consin Cranberry Sales Company; Theodore Budd, Pemberton, N. J., president of the Growers Cranberry Company and also president of the American Cranberry Exchange; Keith Ben- nett, Warrens; Nahum Morse, Massachusetts; Vernon Golds- worthy, manager of the Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Com- pany; Craig Scott, Warrens; George Short, Massachusetts; George A. Co wen, Rochester, Mass., president of the New England Cranberry Sales Company; Bernard C. Brazeau, Wisconsin Rapids, general chairman of the conference; Dan Rezin, Warrens; E. L. Bartholomew, Massachusetts; and Newell Jasperson, Cranmoor. Tri-State Conference of ACE Officials At Wisconsin Rapids Group from Massachusetts and New Jersey Discuss Plans and Proposals for Exchange Directors t o Consider. Wisconsin Rapids, Wis. — A tri- state conference of representatives of cranberry cooperatives in Mas- sachusetts, New Jersey and Wis- consin, held in Wisconsin Rapids July 8 and, 9, adopted several res- olutions recommending procedure and policy to the board of directors of the American Cranberry Ex- change. The conference was the first of its kind among growers' represent- atives from the three states in many years. Bernard C. Brazeau, Wisconsin director of the Exchange, was gen- eral chairman of the two-day ses- sions, held at Bull's-Eye Country club, overlooking the majestic Wis- consin river. In attendance were officers, directors, and the special conference committee of the Wis- consin Cranberry Sales company; officials of the New England Cran- berry Sales company and the Growers Cranberry company of New Jersey; C. M. Chaney, general manager, and Clyde McGrew, as- sistant general manager, of the American Cranberry Exchange. The conferees are shown in the accompanying picture. Not pres- ent when the picture was taken were Guy 0. Babcock, Guy Nash and Tony Jonjak, all cirectors of the Wisconsin Cranberry Sales company. The eastern visitors arrived in Wisconsin Rapids Sunday, July 7, and were taken to growers' homes and hotels where they were guests of the Wisconsin Sales company. The company was host at a dinner Sunday evening and at conference luncheons Monday and Tuesday at the Country club. At the close of the conference Tuesday afternoon, the eastern growers were taken on a tour of nearby marshes before departing bv train for their homes. MASS. VISITORS Massachusetts visitors of the month included Mori-is April and son Leon, who some months ago bought the large Durrell bog prop- erty on the Tuckahoe river, New Jersey. The Aprils are important growers and, buyers and sellers of apples, peaches and other products and are now including cranberries in their interests. They operate from Bridgeton, New Jersey. Spending several cays on the Cape, they visited bogs, the Experiment Station, East Wareham, and met a number of Cape growers. Eleven Exchange Directors Make Resolutions At July Meeting In New York Cooperative to Have Regular Publication With Editor and Field Man — Limit Handling of Berries to Members In Good Stand- ing— Processing Plans Un- der Discussion. What has been characterized by C. M. Chaney as among the most important meetings of the Amer- ican Cranberry Exchange since the original organization 30 years ago was held at New York Julyl6th, when various resolutions were passed by the Board, of Directors, these since being passed on for consideration and adoption by the three state companies. Directors of New England Cranberry Sales met July 29th, Growers' Cranberry Company held a members' meeting at Pemberton July 31st, and the annual pre-harvest meeting of Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Com- pany is to be held about August 10th. This meeting at New York fol- lowed the important meeting at Wisconsin Rapids on July 8 and 9 (page 12) when delegates from Massachusetts and New Jersey conferred with Wisconsin. Major resolutions made at the Exchange meeting were: "that a member in good standing (of American Cranberry Exchange) is one who places his entire crop at the disposal of the American Cran- berry Exchange; 2) that the Ex- change handle or market no berries whatever other than those berries supplied by members in good stand- ing through any State Company and the Long Island member, ex- cept for resale for customers; 3) that the Exchange establish a De- partment of Information, this de- partment to be headed by a com- petent editor who will issue a reg- ular Exchange publication and will also act as Exchange field man in growers' relations. New England, Sales, in a well- attended meeting of directors on the 29th, ratified these resolutions and the following day issued a notice to members from which the following is quoted: "These resolutions were submit- ted to the Board of Directors of this Company at a meeting held on Monday, July 29th. The subject matter was discussed in some de- tail, following which it was unan- imously voted that the resolutions I'eceive the approval of the local Board of Dii-ectors. "For your information we quote below the more important resolu- tions that were adopted at the meeting. We believe they will meet with the approval of the membership. BE IT RESOLVED, that a mem- ber in good standing be d.efined as one who places his entire crop at the disposal of the American Cran- berry Exchange, all current indi- vidual or collective contracts ex- cepted. With respect to canning- berries, the American Cranberry Exchange will be in a position to continue past practices for their disposition. "BE IT RESOLVED, that the benefits and advantages of this Ex- change be reserved to members only in good, standing, which in- cludes the sales and distribution of cranberries in all forms, publicity and advertising and all other phases of the Exchange's opera- tions; "And that the American Cran- berry Exchange handle or market no cranberries whatsoever other than those berries supplied by members in good standing through any State Company and the Long Island member, except for resale for customers. "BE IT RESOLVED, that we authorize the Manager to dispose of the 1946 crpp to the best advan- tage and return to the growers. "BE IT RESOLVED, that a Committee of Three, composed of one member each from Wisconsin, New Jersey and Massachusetts, be appointed to work with the Man- ager of the Exchange to investi- gate the legal and practical possi- bilities of marketing processed, and frozen cranberries under the 'Eat- mor' label. "BE IT RESOLVED, that the American Cranberry Exchange establish a Department of Inform- ation for the benefit of the growers and the Exchange, such Depart- ment to be headed by a competent man trained in public relations and publicity, whose duty it would be to correlate the publicity, general and industrial information, as well as act as the Exchange Field, Man in promoting harmonious grower lelations; and "BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, that this Department issue a reg- ular Exchange publication to be sent to all members and to other channels where it would be of value and service; and "BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, that a committee consisting of one Director of the Exchange from each state be elected by ballot by the Directors of the American Cranberry Exchange to cooperate with the General Manager in the supervision and direction of this Department. "BE IT RESOLVED, that a Committee of Three be appointed to study means of increasing mem- bership in the American Cranberry Exchange in all producing regions, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Wis- consin and the West Coast, and the Committee visit each region, mak- ing personal contacts with growers, if in the judgment of the Commit- tee this is desirable. (Committee: Mr. Vernon Golds- worthy, Mr. Theodore H. Bund, and Mr. George Briggs). "BE IT RESOLVED, that a statement of policy be issued to all members embodying our complete confidence in the cooperative prin- ciples upon which the American Cranberry Exchange was founded". ACE disposition of the 1946 crop is now left to the best judg- ment of General Manager Chaney. As this goes to press ci'op disposi- tion as to processing was under consiteration, with no decision reached. New England Cranberry Sales, in a notice to members dat- ed July 13, reported, "Discussion of various methods for the advance- ment of the interests of the Com- pany was had (July 5) and it was duly voted that our Board of Di- rectors recommend to the Board of Directors of the American Cran- berry Exchange that investigation be made of the advisability of the processing or freezing of berries under the 'Eatmor' Trademark and that a report of their findings be made as soon as possible." Appointment of the new house oi'gan publication e&itor and field man was also under consideration, this plan having originally been advanced by Wisconsin members. It is understood the man chosen is to be given responsible duties and will work out of the ACE office in New York. Co-operating with Twelv General Manager Chaney in the supervision of this new project will be the three representatives from each State Company, these being Bernard Brazeau, Wisconsin, Franklin S. Chambers, New Jer- sey; A. D. Benson, Massachusetts. In the July 30th notice of NECSCO directors to members, it was further stated that applica- tions of four new members (acre- age total, more than 100) were favorably acted upon). The hope was expressed that during the next 30 days members continue to secure applications from growers interested in the objectives of the Sales Company and Exchange. Suggestions were made for the ex- tension of services to the member- ship, including bog management and bog service work. At that meeting it was decided to hold the fall meeting of the Company in Carver, Wednesday, September 4th. main votes was a decision by the Board that the Wisconsin Cran- berry Sales Company would, have three pools in 1946. One would be for fresh berries, one for the ber- ries members wanted to go to Cranberry Canners, and the third for berries to go to "commercial" canners. J. C. MAKEPEACE NOW PRESIDENT OF SMITH- HAMMOND COMPANY Growers' Company Holds Members' Meeting July 31 A directors' meeting was held by Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company July 23, and one of the Growers' Cranberry Company held a members' meeting at Pem- berton, New Jersey, July 31, at which about 30 were present. The resolutions as adopted at the meet- ing of Exchange directors in New York on July 16th were discussed., and ratified, as they were in New England. Growers' Company has had a contract with Cranberry Canners, Inc., as a unit for ten per cent or more of the production, and this was re-affirmed, as it has been for the past ten years. John C. Makepeace was elected presicent of the Smith-Hammond Cranberry Company and his son, Maurice, treasurer, at a meeting of stockholders July 29, Mr. Make- peace having previously been a minority stockholder of this com- pany, one of the older and best known in Massachusetts. Found- ed by the late Irving C. Hammond in association with the late Hardy Smith, the property in late years has been managed by Carleton D. Hammond, son of Irving, with his son, Carleton ("Dellie") Hammond, for assistant manager. Carleton D. Hammond, Sr., a stockholder, will remain on as manager, it is understood. Smith-Hammond Company oper- ates three bog units, the Onset bog, the Santuit, and, the big Carver bog, combined acreage approx- imately 160. In recent years pro- duction of approximately 6,000 (Continued on Page 23) Irrigafion and Frost Protection for Cranberries Send for blueprint and detailed specifications showing cost for typical 2^ acre bog Or send sketch of your bog for special layout. THE SKINNER IRRIGATION CO. TROY, OHIO GEORGE N. BARRIE, New England Distributor BROOKLINE, MASSACHUSETTS Thirteen ^Dellie' Hammond, Massachusetts, Appointed, Accepts Position as Manager Wisconsin Sales Co. Will Leave for Badger State Middle of August — Golds- worthy's Resignation Ef- fective End of Year, But Will Assist Members as Consultant and Entomol- ogist Carleton Delano Hammond, Jr., Onset, Mass., has been selected by directors of Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company as the manager of Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Com- pany who will succeed Vernon Goldsworthy. Mr. Hammond sent a telegram of acceptance of the position to the Wisconsin t irectors on August first and received a con- firming telegram that day. He expects to leave for Wis- consin with his family the middle of August. The pre-harvest meet- ing of Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company has been set for Aug'ust 16th. "Dellie" Hammond (CRANBER- RIES, July- August, 1945) is treas- urer of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association and has been one of the most active of the younger Massachusetts cranberry growers. He is 30. He has been associated with his father, Carlton Hammond, in the management of the Smith-Hammond company, op- erating one of the larger Massa- chusetts properties, ceveloped by his grandfather, the late Irving G. Hammond. Goldsworthy will continue with the Wisconsin Sales until the end of this year, when his resignation was to take effect. During this period he will work with Hammond in acquainting him with the oper- ation of the co-operative. After that time, "Goldy", while operat- ing his own construction program for new bogs in Northern Wiscon- sin, will continue to be associated with the Sales company as a con- sultant, and will act as entomol- ogist for the grower-members at such times as needed. He will assist in berry inspection and be available for advice and. consulta- tion from the long e.xperience he has gathered with the company since 1930. William F. Huffman, president of Wisconsin Cranberry Sales, told CRANBERRIES over the tele- phone he was delighted with the acceptance of "Dellie" Hammond and that the new arrangement will give the membership "double- barreled" service. He saw great improvement in the services now possible to give the growers anc thought these would, be expanded with Hammond as manager and Goldsworthy as consultant and entomologist. He further saw a closer association with the East in the selection of a Cape Cod man, who will bring to the Wisconsin growers "an Eastern viewpoint and exoerience." One of the main objectives of Wisconsin Cranberry Sales is closer co-operation and understand ing with the East, he said, and expected, this would now be broadened. "Wisconsin Cran- berry Sales Company has both feet firmly on the ground and we know where we are going, and our objective is to grow and sell cran- berries." Blueberry Growers' Summer Meeting Nearly 50 attended the annual summer meeting of Southeastern Massachusetts Blueberry Growers' Association July 11 at the Lake- ville plantation of one of the mem- bers, Ernest Maxim of Micdleboro. This was one of the best meetings of the association yet held, the membership now being 53, there being a steady growth. Speakers were Dr. Chandler, Dr. Cross, Dr. Bergman of the Massachusetts Experiment Station, Prof, John Bailey of Massachusetts State Col- lege, and Dr. Neil E. Stevens, who is in Massachusetts for the sum- mer. Prof. Bailey talked on the "Mum- my Berry" fungus disease, an:! Dr. Bergman told of his tests made at the plantation of A. K. Dahlen at East Wareham, this property having been flooded in the hurri- cane of 1944. Dr. Bergman took frequent tests to cetermine how long salt content remained and found there was still a small amount remaining for more than a year. This property is still ad- versely effected. There had been a basket lunch planned and this was held, but as the date was the 60th birthday of Mr. Maxim he hao had a supper prepared in addition, making the occasion a celebration of the anni- versary. PENNSALT BUILDING WESTERN DDT PLANT The first plant for producing technical DDT in the far west will be built at Portland by the Penn- sylvania Salt Manufacturing Com- pany of Washington, it was an- nounced recently. It will be the third unit procuc- ing technical DDT in Pennsalt's nation-wide chemical manufactur- ing facilities and will be installed in conjunction with the new $1,000,- 000 caustic soda and chlorine plant now under construction on the Willamette River in Portland. The insecticide plant is expected, to be in production within 12 months, saia Fred C. Shaneman, president of the company and vice president of the Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Company of Phila- delphia. It is being built, he said, to sup- ply the needs for this effective in- secticide throughout the western United States and in the Pacific export market. It will make DDT available for western fruit, cotton, alfalfa and truck crop growers, livestock raisers and for household use. One of the original suppliers of DDT for the armed forces, Penn- salt made it available for civilians immediately following V-J Day. The company's other two technical DDT plants are at Natrona, Pa and Pittstown, N. J. Three of the eastern plants now are making a wide variety of DDT insecticides for agricultural and .hqusehold uses. . . \ Fourteen Lewis Letter Sets Forth Viewpoint Of Withdrawing Wisconsin Croup Badger State Group, About 30 Strong, Was to Hold a Meeting August 9th at Wisconsin Rapids The Wisconsin group which has withdrawn from Wisconsin Cran- berry Sales Company to associate with National Cranberry Associa- tion (CCI until the special August 20th meeting) was to hold a meet- ing August 9th at Wisconsin Rap- ids. This group comprises some 30 growers, including the largest in Wisconsin, A. H. Hedler, and several other large acreages. A letter from Charles L. Lewis to C. M. Chaney of the Exchange has been adopted in a resolution by the Wisconsin group as an ex- pression of the viewpoint of those who are joining the new National. Mr. Lewis has been a principal proponent of plans for a merger of ACE and CCI and now of the new NCA. This letter, with the exception of one paragraph, fol- lows: Shell Lake, Wis. June 14, 1946 Mr. C. M. Chaney, American Cranberry Exchange, 90 West Broadway, New York, N. Y. Dear Chester: I would like to explain the position of the group in Wiscon- sin who are leaving the Sales Company at this time. I was unable to talk very fully with you by phone Wednesday when I happened, to be in Golds- worthy's office when you called. There is no bitterness on the part of anyone in this group. There is a very definite difference of opinion as to the value and importance of launching a Nat- ional organization at this time. Some of us deem it of such im- portance that we feel forced to sever connections with the Sales Company and Exchange. We believe that this break will do much to hasten the union of the Exchange and CCI and outside independents into the Overall National that was well on its way until thrown out of the win- dow in New England. We can- not share the views of those who plead for more time. Further delay may prove disasti-ous. The New England group declined to consider the matter further at the time of the Exchange annual meeting in New York. It is not easy to break with the Sales Company and the Ex- change. We feel, however, that the break is only temporary, that we will all be together again be- fore long. We feel that we can now start at the bottom and build, a structure that has mar- velous possibilities for the cran- berry industry. The National we are forming is not the Nat- ional we wanted in the begin- ning, nor is it the National we worked so hard to create. But it has many of the features of the Overall National, it is a sound start, it is a thousand times bet- ter than doing nothing. The door is open to the Over- all organization. Mr. Urann, Mr. Makepeace, Mr. Atwood and all of us in this Wisconsin group have stated again and. again that they hope the Overall National will be a reality in the near fu- ture. I am sure that Mr. Loos will CO all he can to bring it about. We are all very glad that he was present at our recent meeting. He must have been impressed with the sincerity of our purpose. I certainly hope that bitter- ness will not enter into this mat- ter. We are building for the future when new personalities will have taken over the respon- sibilities of directing the indjus- try. I am positive that the leaders of the present new National will cooperate in every possible way in bringing about the formation of an Overall National. I hope that you will LEAD your group in the same spirit and with the same objective. Very sincerely, Chas. L. Lewis. CROP "GUESS" Awaiting official Government crop estimate in August, C. M. Chaney on August 8th released his "guesstimate" in a letter to Exchange members. At that time it was for a total of 785,000 barrels. Division by areas was as fol- lows: Massachusetts, 525,000; Wis- consin, 115,000; New Jersey (and Long Island), 85,000; Washington- Oregon, 60,000. Five-year crop average 1941-45 is figured as 650,- 000 bbls., ten year average 639,370. Mr. Chaney's belief was, al- though ceiling prices have been restored on cranberries, that with- out a certification of short supply cranberries will be out from under price restrictions by Sept. 1. Subscribe to CRANBERRIES Magazine THOMAS BROTHERS General Contractors MIDDLEBORO, MASS. Tel. Midcleboro 772 Concrete Flumes and Pumpwells Transit Mix Concrete Complete Line of Excavating - Construction Equipment Grading - Hauling Leave the Tough Jobs for Us Our Experience is Your Guarantee t Fifteen Results With A Fermate As A Cranberry Fungicide In 1945 By R. B. WILCOX Associate Pathologist Division of Fruit and Veg:etable Crops and Diseases of Plant Industry, Soils and Agricultural Engineering, Agricul- tural Research Administration, U. S. De- partment of Agriculture. (Editor's Note: — The following is re- printed from the Proceedings of the American Cranberry Growers' Associ- ation). R. B. WILCOX Associate Pathologist Division of Fruit and Vegetable Crops and Diseases, Bureau of Plant Industry, Soils, and Agricul- tural Engineering, Agricultural Research Administration, U. S. Department of Agriculture. The organic fungicide, ferric cimethyl dithiocarbamate, market- ed commercially as Fermate, was used experimentally in New Jer- sey during the seasons of 1943 and 1944 with most encouraging re- sults, giving more effective control of cranberry fruit rots than did bordeaux mixture. A number of New Jersey growers also tried Fermate in comparison with bor- deaux on a moderate commercial scale in 1944; some results were excellent; there were no unfavor- able reports, but at several loca- tions there was so little rot that no conclusions could be drawn. In Massachusetts experiments, Bergman reported that Fermate showed no superiority over bor- deaux in 1944 and, according to correspondence and reports of Hen- ry F. Bain, the experimental use of Fermate in Wisconsin that year resulted in some damage. These divergent results were confusing. The season of 1945 in New Jer- sey were exceptionally favorable for fungus infection of cranber- ries. In July, a critical time for infection, the rainfall at Pember- ton amounted to more than 11 inches. During the 4 months from May through August, precipitation was recorded on nearly one-half of the days, and was distributed with some uniformity throughout the period. These frequent rains in- terfered seriously with spraying operations. Moreover, the spring of 1945 was abnormally warm; both cranberries and fungi started their development earlier than us- ual and, as a result of tempera- tures in the nineties for 7 consec- utive days about the middle of June, the cranberry blossoming season was brief, making it highly desirable to shorten the time be- tween spray applications. Under these conditions, the New Jersey cranberry crop suffered heavily from rot. Our spraying experiments in 1945 were again located at Whites- bog, and we wish to acknowledge the cooperation of J. J. White, Inc., for allowing us to use part of a young bog of Early Blacks. We laid, out replicated small plots as in previous years. An extensive program was conducted, the chief objective being to determine the most important and effective times to spray for rot control. In addi- tion, 3 different samples of Fer- Announcement to Growers We Will Again, as Last Fall, Be in The Market For Cranberries THE CAPE COD COMPANY PLYMOUTH, MASSACHUSETTS Sixteen Materials Are STILL Hard To Get The pace keeps up! We want to give all our customers the best service we possibly can. To enable us to do so you must bear in mind we have delays in getting our materials and supplies, and ordering well in advance helps us to give you this sat- isfactory service. HAYDEN SEPARATOR MANUFACTURING CO. E. C. St. Jacques WAREHAM, MASS. mate wei-e compared with each other and with bordeaux mixture; 1945 Fermate was used at 4 differ- ent concentrations; 2 insecticides were added to the Fermate to de- tect any change in fungicidal val- ue; Fermate was used with 4 dif- ferent spreaders and without any added spreader; and "Phygon" (2, 3-dichloro-l, 4-napthoquinone) was tested at 3 different concentrations and with varying numbers of ap- plications. A standard treatment, with which to compare all others, consisted of 3 applications of 1945 Fermate, 2 lbs. per 100 gals., with 1 lb. of rosin-fish-oil soap added as a spreader. The rate of applica- tion of all sprays was 240 gallons per acre. In the very successful Fermate tests of 1943 and 1944, calcium caseinate had been used exclusive- ly as a spreader. For many years, however, rosin-fish-oil soap had given the most satisfactory results with bordeaux mixture on cranber- ries; so after an opinion from the Fermate manufacturers that this soap was compatible with their . product, the soap was substituted for the caseinate as a standard spreader. The relative value of various add.ed spreaders was tested by omitting the soap from the standard spray in one treatment, and by replacing it successively with calcium caseinate, "Filmfast", and a commercial fish-oil soap called "Spread-ol", while keeping the fungicide and number of appli- cations uniform. The standard spray was also varied, by using 1/2 lb., 1 lb., and 4 lbs. of 1945 Fermate per 100 gal- lons. Another variation was the substitution of 2 lbs. of 1943 Fer- mate, and of the same quantity of "Special P. C." Fermate, for the 1945 product. In one treatment, DDT, 1/100, was added to the standard Fermate spray; in an- other, Prestol (containing pyreth- rum), 1/240, was added, while re- placing the soap with calcium case- inate. Bordeaux mixture 8/8/100, with rosin-fish-oil soap, was ap- plied, to 2 series. In order to determine the most effective times to spray, the num- ber of applications of the standard fungicide was varied from 1 to 5, individual applications being added or omitted, singly or in combina- tion. There were also unsprayed checks. The duration of the blos- soming period of a cranberry bog- is normally close to a month, and it was intended to make the first of 5 applications at about the be- ginning, the second at the height, and the third near the close of this period, with the fourth and fifth to follow at about 2-week inter- vals. The "standard spray" in- cluded the second, third and fourth applications. This desirable timing of the sprays was not realized in practice because of the same combination of early bloom, rainy weather, and scarcity of labor that interfered with commercial operations. La- bor was not available for the first application until June 13, when 35% of the blossoms had already opened.. Six days later, after an unprecedented hot spell, 97% of the bloom had opened and more than half the berries were set; ap- plication No. 2 (the first of the "standard sprays") was then made; No. 3 was given on July 1, after an interval of 12 days. A period of almost continuous rainy weath- er began on the date set for the fourth application and. persisted for 10 days, so that this spray was not applied until July 25. No. 5, given to only a few plots, was made on August 17, about 2 weeks before the beginning of harvest. The vines bore an excellent crop, the plots averaged 78 bbls. of har- vested fruit per acre. The total rot that developed in both field and storage on the fruit from the un- sprayed checks varied from 63% to 907, , the average being 82.3%. The proper timing of the spray applications having been impossi- ble, no satisfactory control of rot was secured with any treatment. Even 5 applications, at the times given, failed to reduce the rot by one-half. Most of the differences between treatments were not great enough to be significant statisti- cally, but some rather clear indi- cations could be extracted from the experiment. Each of the Fermate applica- tions No. 1, No. 2, No. 3 and No. 4, Seventeen We are "All Set" to serve Massachusetts Growers * WITH ANY JOB OF BOG RENOVATION. * NEW BOG CONSTRUCTION * BOG MAINTENANCE We have Power Shovels (3) ; Tractor Bulldozers (3) ; Cranes, Scrapers, 90- Yard Screener; Povi^er Winches, Draggers; Road Grader — 30 competent Oper- ators and employes— AND THE NECESSARY EXPERIENCE AND KNOW- HOW. E. T. Cault Transportation Co. Pranconia Service Station Freight Transportation (including cranberries in season). Heavy equipment hauling. Tel. 227 Franconia Coal Co. Water- White Kerosene for Weed Control this spring. Tel. 39-R Tires, Tubes, Batteries, Auto and Truck Re- pairing and Greasing. Jenney Gasoline and Motor Oils. Distributors for MACK an; INTERNATIONAL TRUCKS Tel. 39-R CAULT CONSTRUCTION COMPANY "EDDIE" T. GAULT, JR. Main St., Wareham, Mass. Tel. 227 alone or in combination, resulted in a measurable decrease in total rot; application No. 5 appeared to be ineffective. With bordeaux, the only comparison was between applications Nos. 2-4 and, Nos. 1-4; inclusion of the first application decreased the rot and increased the set of fruit. A similar com- parison, in the case of Phygon, % lbs. per 100 gals., gave different results: the early-bloom spray with this fungicide resulted in a 75'/' i-eduction in the number of berries set; application of No. 2 was bene- ficial, but No. 3 and No. 4 reduced the size and. retarded the coloring of the fruit. All other treatments, it will be remembered, received only appli- cations No. 2, No. ,3 and No. 4, the first of these being given after more than half the berries had set. Under this 3-application pro- gram, increasing the concentration of Fermate progressively decreased the rot, while increasing the con- centration of Phygon decreased both rot and yield. Addition of either pyrethrum or DDT to the Fermate spray pro- duced no appreciable change in rot control or in yield. Different spreaders were tested only with 194.5 Fermate. Calcum caseinate gave the best results. The others, in decreasing order of effectiveness in rot reduction, were Filmfast, no spreader, Spread-ol, anc rosin-fish-oil soap. Unfortunately, the different samples of Fermate were used only in combination with I'osin- fish-oil soap. The 1943 Fermate gave the largest yield and the greatest redu'tion of rot, and "Special P. C." was second. There was not only more rot but also a considerable reduction in number of berries set where 1945 Fermate was used. Two pounds of 1943 Fermate per 100 gallons gave nearly as good rot control as 4 lbs. of the 1945 product. The rot control secured with bordeaux mixture was far from satisfactory, but it was probably as good as could be expected with this fungicide under the weather conditions prevailing with the un- avoidable delays in spray applica- tions. The development that was no': anti-'ipated. was that, under the same conditions, and contrary to our results of 1943 and 1944, no Fermate treatment whatsoever gave as good rot control or yield as did bordeaux. On looking over our figures for an explanation, two items stand out as factors of pi'ob- able importance: differences be- tween the various samples of Fer- mate, and our change from calcium caseinate to rosin-fish-oil soap as a spread.er. We have been informed by the manufacturers of Fermate that, while the nature and concentration of the fungicidal chemical did not vary, some changes in the formu- lation of Fermate were unavoid- able, due to the exigencies of the war period. We did not test ex- perimentally in New Jersey the product marketed, in 1944. We used the 1943 Fermate exclusively in both 1943 and 1944, with calcium caseinate as an added spreader. We had a sufficient quantity re- maining from this 1943 sample to use in only one treatment in 1945, but in this case it was combined with rosin-fish-oil soap. With this Eisrhteen The packers of the famous Dromedary foods are again in the market for new-crop berries. We have, over the years, bought berries at prices which have averaged more profit to our grow^er friends. We shall continue to do so in the years to come. THE HILLS BROTHERS COMPANY PETER A. LeSAGE, Agent PLYMOUTH, MASS. YARMOUTH, MASS. Tel. 740 Tel. Barnstable 107 PLYMOUTH, Tel. 740 BARNSTABLE, Tel. 107 DO NOT DELAY CALL P.A.L.S. TODAY "KEEP SMILING" Peter A. LeSage Nineteen spreader we also tested the "Spec- ial P. C." and 1945 Fermates, the latter being the least effective. There appears to be little doubt of the difference in the effective- ness of the 3 samples of Fermate under these conditions. On the other hand, the 1945 Fer- mate with calcium caseinate was more effective than the other Fer- mates with rosin-fish-oil soap. The latter spreader appears to have reduced the fungicidal activity of the Fermates in a manner that does not occur with bordeaux mix- ture. Of the other spread.ers test- ed, Filmfast most nearly ap- proached calcium caseinate in its effectiveness when used with Fer- mate. It is most unfortunate that our 1945 experiments lacked the con- necting link, the combination of 1943 Fermate and calcium case- inate, that had been so successful in previous years. We had sim- ply exhausted our sample of the earlier material. We appear to have used by chance, in 1943 and 1944, the most effective of the Fer- mates for cranberry-rot control in combination with a spreader which increased its effectiveness still further. In contrast, our standard spray of 1945 consisted of the least effective of the Fermates, with spreader that proved .unsat- isfactory for use with this fungi- cide. The 1943 Fermate was not used on cranberries outside of New Jersey. Bain, in Wisconsin, ap- plied 1944 Fermate with a spread- er of which we do not know the composition, and reported reduc- tion of both 1944 and 1945 crops on plots sprayed only in 1944. Bergman, in Massachusetts, used 1944 Fermate with calcium case- inate, and last season tested 1945 F'ermate without additional spread- er, and in neither case did Fermate appear to be superior to bord.eaux. It seems probable that our results of 1945 give a clue to the lack of success with Fermate on cranber- ries in these other states. The results of these fungicide tests in 1945 were disappointing, but we are not necessarily back to the point from which we started in 1943. We have been assured of Twenty the active cooperation of the manu- facturers of Fermate in any at- tempt to find or develop a product that will be reliably effective in the control of cranberry fruit rots. These experiments are ex- pensive in time and effort. An ex- pression of opinion will be wel- comed as to whether the tests might well be terminated now or whether they should, be extended for another year or two. NEW JERSEY ASSOCIATION MEETS AUGUST 29 The annvial meeting of the Amer- ican Cranberry Growers' Associa- tion will be held at the bogs of Clayberger and Goodrich (managed by Ralph B. Clayberger) at Hamp- ton Park, near Atsion, New Jersey, Thursday, August 29th. The meeting opens at 10 o'clock. Those attending have been asked to bring their own lunches, and. ice cream will be served. Withstands Rays "Fiberglass" leads all others in its quality for withstanding the ray» of the sun. On the other hand, fiber- glass cannot be used for upholstery or clothing because it is not rub re- sistant. Notices Out for Special Meeting of Canners Officials Now On West Coast, To Be Back Before Session for Evolution Into New NCA, August 20th. Marcus L. Urann, presitfent of CCI, which will the 20th of August evolve into the new National Cran- berry Association, accompanied by Carl M. Urann and Miss Ellen Stillman, were on a tour to the West Coast. They were visiting and holding meetings in Southern Oregon and Washington. Begin- ning with Coquille, Oregon, meet- ings were held in the southern cranberry growing area and in Washington, reports being these were largely attended, 200 attend- ing one at Grayland,. On the return trip there was to be a brief stop-over in Wisconsin about August 9th and the CCI of- ficials were expected to arrive back in Massachusetts August 11th. In the meantime notices of the August 20th meeting has been sent out to CCI members with state- ments of the proposed changes and new by-laws in the CCI charter PORT-A-RAIN Portable POWER PUMPING UNIT Immediate Delivery Today . . . Dependable Water Delivery for Years Your irrigation needs have an immediate answer in the prompt delivery available on Port-a-Rain Portable Power Pumping Units. The famous ruggedness and time-tested operation of Port-a-Rain equipment is your assurance of repeated on-the-.job efficiency, years to come. Iri-igation means greater yield — Port-a-Rain means greater per- formance. Eight models. Write now for prices and specifications. Manufactured by McCUNE & COMPANY Phone 93231 3721 Mahoning Ave., Youngstown, Ohio f with proxies for absentee voters. Th emeeting is scheduled for 10 o'clock the morning- of the 20th at Hanson and is expectsd to be brief, as the plan for the NCA has al- ready been presented to members. Proceedings the 20th are describee as being the actual "mechanics" of the legal evolution into NCA. The purpose of this meeting of the stockholders is to pass the formal votes necessary to expand Cranbsiry Canners, Inc., into the "National Cranberry Association", and to approve the recommenda- tions of the Directors. It has been pointed out by the officers of CCI that this meeting is to be princi- pally a legal one and it was not expected that many stockholders would attend but that stockholcers would, be represented by proxy. Matters to be acted upon include the changing of the name of the corporation and of amending the Certificate of Incorporation accord- ingly to consider changing the resident agent in Delaware, and to consider and act upon rescinding of present by-laws and the adop- tion of new ones. ai^y Home During Storms Bees never work in rainy v stormy weather, their wings bein;- too light for rain and wind. Lend Lease Food About 15,000,000 tons of food were sent abroad under lend-lease from March, 1941, to July, 1945. For over forty years our management has been engaged in the distribution of CAPE COD Cran- berries. A small factor in the deal, yes — but a significant one to those Growers we serve. "CoUey Cranberry Company" Plymouth, Mass. Office 17 Court Street Telephone Plymouth 1622 "RAIN BIRD SPRINKLERS" Pioneers: Cranberry Frost Protection and Irrigation For complete data write L. R. Nelson Mfg. Co., Peoria, 111. Rain Bird Sprinkler Mfg., Glendora, Cal. For Oregon and Washington, R. M. Wade — Oregon Culvert & Pipe, Portland, Ore. Twenty-one Cape Cod Farms, Inc. HYANNIS, MASS. CANNERS OF "OLD FASHIONED" CRANBERRY SAUCE ''In the ^^P of the Cranberry Belt" Also Producers of Beach Plum Jam, Orange Marmalade, "Old Fashioned" Cranberry Sauce in glass. We are in the Market for 50,000 BBLS. of Cranberries CAPE COD FARMS, INC. is the owner and operator of Cranberry Bogs in Barnstable County, and Will Purchase Additional Barnstable Acreage for Improvement. THEODORE E. CLIFTON, President Twenty-two JOHN C. MAKEPEACE (Continued from Page 13) barrels has been averaged. Ihe output has long been cisposed of through New England Cranberry Sales Company, C. D. Hammond being a director, and Irving C. Hammond a staunch member. Mr. Makepeace, secretary and treasurer of CCI and. a principal proponent of the expansion of that co-op into NCA, asked after the meeting how the 1946 crop would be marketed, replied he did not know. ARTICLES ON THE DISPUTE Articles concerning the differ- ences of opinion as to the future cranberry co-operative methods are appearing in publications, re- flecting the views of the contro- versy from a non-cranberry angle. July issue of CO-OPERATIVE DI- GEST, Ithaca, N. Y., with some circulation within the industry, had an account several pages long, with cover photograph of Marcus Libby Urann. BUSINESS WEEK, New York, issue of July 20, had a CRANBERRIES Packed for PLYMOUTH - MASSACHUSETTS by Stokelyi? . FINEST FOODS NEW BEDFORD - MASSACHUSETTS briefer account. This article re- ferred, to the plans to merge CCI and ACE, and after the failure to do so, as the next best thing, the plans of Marcus Libby Urann and colleagues for a "vertical set-up" to handle the total crop of about 700 members of CCI. It referred to this "hefty" competition to the older ACE and of objectives to make cranberries and chicken a more popular combination; "plug- ging" the value of by-products, cul- tivation of European markets, en- couragement of younger growers through loans and the co-operative purchases of materials. Annual Meeting of Cape Growers On August 20th Crop Estimate Release to Be Given Earlier Than Usual by C. D. Stevens — Plans Are to Make This a Real "Growers" Meeting, With Discussion o f Problems and Many Other Reports Annual meeting of Cape Cod CranbeiTy Growers' Association, this year set for Tuesday, August 20th, promises to be a really in- teresting meeting from the "grow- ers' angle". The date should be noted as being early this year, this having been set by President George E. Short and directors be- cause of a request from Crop Sta- tistician C. D. Stevens, represent- ing- the views of the U. S. Depart- ment of Agriculture, that this first official estimate on cranberries should be given out earlier than has been the custom. Most crop reports are released early in Aug- ust and the release of the prospec- tive cranberry crop has been held to coincide with the Cape meeting, in accordance with a long-estab- lished custom. This earlier date places the release of the prelim- inary cranberry estimate more in line with other crops. Mr. Stevens' reading of this forecast will, as always, be a prin- cipal feature of the meeting. Oth- er plans this year include demon- stration of the "Crandon-Leonard" picking machine and suction type (Continued on Page 25) Twenty-three ""i.TlAl GOO*"'/ SOME ORCHARD BRAND PRODUCTS for Fruits Field Crops Cotton Tobacco Ornamentols Home Gardens Farm Animals Dairy Barns Farm Building; Mills etc. >- For almost half a century, General Chemical Agricultural Insecticides and Fungicides have been a leading choice of American growers. That's because they are reliable products . . . proven dependable wherever crops are raised. . . . and, rightly so, for every General Chemical Spray or Dust is the result of sound, thorough research in the laboratory and in the field— developed out of long, close as- sociation with growers in their never-ending fight against insects and plant diseases. To get the most from your crops, give them the best possible protection with ORCHARD' BRAND SPRAYS AND DUSTS ARSENICAL INSECTICIDES Leod Arsenate "Astringent" ond Standard Calcium Arsenate Arsenite of Zinc Paris Green Parical* (Blend, Paris Green-Calcium Arsenate) Aphis-Weevil Dust INSECTICIDE-FUNGICIDE (For Po fa toes— Tomatoes) Potato Spray-Dust (High strength copper-arsenical) NICOTINE-ROTENONE-SULFUR DUST «150 Dust (Kills Aphis, Certain Worms, Beetles) ROTENONE PRODUCTS "400" Spray (4% Rotenone) "100" Dust (1% Rotenone) "75" Dusi (.75% Rotenone) NICOTINE MATERIALS Nicotine Sulfate 40% Nicotine Z.F. Base (Nicotinyl Zinc Fluosllicale) SULFUR SPRAY MATERIALS Apple Oritomic* Sulfur (Micro-Particle) Oritomic* Sulfur (Peoch Spray) COPPER SPRAYING & DUSTING MATERIALS SprayCop* (Neutral Copper, 29%, with adhesive) "340"SprayCop* (Neutral Copper,34%) "530" SprayCop* (53% Copper) Bordeaux Mixture Duscopt (Neutral Copper Dust) Copor* Dust (Neutral Copper- Arsenical) Potato Copor^c Dust (Neutral Copper- Strong Arsenical] SPREADER-STICKER Filmfost* (To make sprays cover better, lost longer) PRE-HARVEST SPRAY Stafast* (To slop pre-horvest drop of apples) Many General Chemical Produces are developed expressly for specific regional needs, and are not distributed for use under all territorial conditions. DDT PRODUCTS Genitoxt S50 (50% DDT Spray Powder) Genitoxt D50 (50% DDT Dust Compound) Genicide* A (DDT-Genicide for Codling Moth, Mites) Genicopf Spray (Highly concentrated DDT— Neutral Copper) Genicopf 3-6 (DDT-Neutrot Copper Dust) Genicopt Dust Base (Highly concen- troted DDT — Neutral Copper) Genidustt D-IO (10% DDT PowderJ Genidustt D-5 (5% DOT Dust) Genidustt D-3 (3% DOT Dust) Genitolt EM-25 (25% DDT Barn, Mill Spray; Oil Solution for use with water) • BeK. U.S. Pit. Off. tTrade Mark. General Chemical Compinr GENERAL CHEMICAL COMPANY 40 Rector Street, New York 6, N. Y. Sates and Technical Service Offices in Principal Distributing Centers Twenty-four ANNUAL MEETING OF CAPE GROWERS (Continued from Page 20) machines by CCI, and the showing of movies of the recent air dusting and spraying experiments of the A. D. Makepeace Company. Tak- en by several camera men, the films, both black ana white and color, have been assembled by Rus- sell Makepeace, who will give some interesting facts and figures con- cerning this large-scale program of the ADM company this season. Dr. Sievers from Massachusetts State College is expected to be present as usual, and, there will be talks by Drs. Franklin, Chandler, Cross and Bergman. Subjects dis- cussed will include use of uplands around bogs, bees, anc. weed con- trol. Elections will be held, fol- lowing nominations by nominating committee, C. A. Driscoll, chair- man. The meeting will be open at ten o'clock, with a lunch to be served at 12.30 noon. Twilight Meetings On Fruitworm Were Largely Attended Four in Plymouth County and Three in Barnstable Give Growers Timely Ad- vice and Information Which Proved Very Help- ful This Season indications were for a relatively light infestation of the pest this year and growers were advised to take accurate counts for eggs be- fore putting on materials unnec- essarily, ihis advice was followed substantially by growers, and the meetings bore out the idea that by close co-operation with Station and Extension Service workers growers could be given advice at proper times which woula be very bene- ficial to them. Following these meetings "Dick" Beattie spent much time for the next two weeks working at the Station, East Wareham, making egg counts for growers who brought in berries and working out from there visiting bogs as re- quested, to discuss the grower's individual situation with regard, to fruitworm. Three similar successful meet- ings were held in Barnstable Coun- ty July 11th at Stanley Jenkins' bog. West Barnstable; July 12 at J. B. Atkins bog, Pleasant Lake, with one, an afternoon session at 3 o'clock, at Seth Collins' bog, Waquoit. Dr. Franklin and Joe Kelley were again the speakers, with the meeting conducted by County Ag- ent Bertram Tomlinson. CAPE HAS LATEST JULY FROST More than 200 growers, by far the largest number attending fruitworm twilight meetings, were hela by County Agent J. Richard Beattie on July 8 and 9. The meetings were held in four groups: at the Manomet bogs of CCI, at Wilburn Wynot bogs. West Dux- bury, on the first night; at bogs of Chester Vose, Marion, and at State Bog the second, night. At- tendance ranged from a low of 46 to a high of 63. Dr. Franklin and Joe Kelley were the chief speakers, giving growers advice in identification and suggestions for control. At that time it was pointed out that On the morning of July 17th there was a frost, although no warning was sent out by Dr. Franklin, as growers could have done nothing. This is probably the latest July frost on record, about July 4th having been the latest until this. Frost was worst in Barnstable County in the Wake- by Lake-Santuit region and far- ther down the Cape in the Brew- ster area, where Dr. Franklin has estimated the loss at 700 bbls. Among the bogs touched were the Makepeace Folger bog and bogs of Malcolm Ryder. There was also frost at South Carver, bogs of Robert Andrews losing some ber- ries. The lowest temperature on that morning which Dr. Franklin is willing to "accept" is 29, al- though the temperature may have gone slightly lower than that. BUDA ENGINES Diesel — Gasoline Sales - Parts - Service Direct Factory Branch Buda Eng. & Equipment Co., Inc. 1315 Boylston St. Phone COMl 3161 Rain when you want it! RAIN BIRD SPRINKLERS The outstanding performance of RAIN BIRD sprinklers for portable pipe irrigation systems has brought them great popularity among farmers. These sprinklers will out perform others because there is nothing in the interior to interrupt flow of water. All working parts are on the outside, always accessible and foolproof and the oscillator arm breaks up the stream like nothing you have seen before. No. 20—'/:" conn. Sprinkles to 80 ft. dia. with W. P. 40 lbs. Cap. 2 to 9 G. P. M. Head only |3.00. No. 40—%" conn. Sprinkles to 115 ft. dia. with W. P. 50 lbs. Cap. 5 to 26 G. P. M. Head only $6.00. No. 70 — 3/4" or 1" conn. Sprinkles to 150 Cap. 12 to 49 G. P. M. Head only ?8.00 No. 70 — %" or 1" conn. Sprinkles to 150 ft. dia. with W. P. 75 lbs. BRECK'S 85 STATE STREET, BOSTON, MASS. Twenty -five FRESH FROM THE FIELDS By C J. H. MASSACHUSETTS TILooks Like "Gooii" Crop — Crop prospects as of the first of August, while not quite as enthusiastic as they were a month ago, in the opinion of Dr. Franklin are for a production of about the same in Plymouth County as last year, with possibly an increase up to 50,000 bbls. in Barnstable County which had poor production last year. Production last year in Massachusetts was 470,000 bbls. Others in Massachusetts who are in position to keep close tabs on the outlook, think about as Dr. Franklin does. While an estimate expressed in actual figures at this period is still only a guess, the consensus of opinion would be that the crop would be a large normal, or in the neighborhood of 520 to 525,000 barrels. Unsect Injury — Fruitworm reduc- tion had appeared to be a very minor factor this year, but the worms in the last few days of July began showing up in numbers larger than expected on a number of bogs and growers were taking- immediate action. There was also damage being done by second- brood fireworm, the worms getting BITUR IRRlGAmN With LESS VfATER A Model For Every Presiui ; F*r Farm, OrcW^d or Truck Garden. Easily «nd quickly n^ntei on any irrigation pipe. Heavy duty br^ss and bronze conttrucllen far lang «ervic|i. Sand and dirt proof. Wa- ter lukricatedrifearlnfs— no oil or grease re- quired. No mg moving parts !• rapMly wear out. M«§|num coverage— even #itrl- butien. Write ilura and^isfne:. THE CLAPPER CO. FORMERLY NEW ENGLAND TORO CO. 1121 WASHINGTON ST. WEST NEWTON 65, MASS. PHONE BrGELOW 7900 ^ BUCKNEjK MANUFACTUIHNG CO.Yi leiS •lacheteae Ave,, FraUM, Callfvrab BUCKNERSPRINKIERS into the berries. It seemed prob- able, however, that the insect damage this year will still be small. A good deal of this lessen- ing of pest red.uction is probably due to better control by more growers. the late water bogs. With such a heavy fall starting the month off, a good deal will now depend upon how much rain falls during the rest of August and how well it is spaced. URain Breaks Drought — Cranber- ries, like other Massachusetts crops, were feeling the effects of a 20-day drought when this was broken by a heavy electrical storm on the night of Saturday, July 20. When the storm had ended Sunday 1.37 inches had been recorded at the State Bog. This was followed, by drizzles, showers, and some quite soaking rain until the night of July 24th. WISCONSIN moo BBls. or More?— Wisconsin crop prospects as of August first were considered very good by Ver- non Goldsworthy for a crop exceed- ing 100,000 bbls. Conditions have been good., and fireworm and other insects were well under control by the growers. HSoaking Rain Aug. 1 — Things were getting too dry again and there were several hot days when a northeaster drove in on the afternoon of August first, and by noon of the following day abcu- 2% inches of rain had been rccor - ed at the State Bog. This was ; real "soaking'' rain. It was jusl the kind, that was needed to de- velop "pinheads" which were dis- couraging growers as to the pros- pects and whijh should help aknc, NEW JERSEY TIJuly Cooler— Rainfall Up-July was cooler than usual, the mean daily temperatures averaging 1.5° below normal. Rainfall was 1.02 inches above normal, or a total of (Continued on Page 28) ARIENS-7>7/er !=^w THE MOST COMPLETE LINE OF TILLAGE EQUIPMENT IN THE WORLD. CA- PACITIES 14 IN. TO 1 FT CUTTING WIDTHS. ARIENS CO. Box 508 BRILLION. WIS. W« Have Liatioia of Cranberry Bogs, Large and Small FOR SALE Geo. A. Cole Agency WILDA HANEY Decai Block Wareham. Masaachueetta LLOYD M. HENDRICK Registered Architect Architect-Engineer Public, Commercial and Domestic Work BAKER BLDG. BUZZARDS BAY AND POCASSET, MASS. CRANBERRY REAL ESTATE APPRAISING 17 Court St. Plymouth, Mass. BOG MANAGEMENT Tels: Plymouth 1622 Kingston 319 If you are buying or selling Cranberry Property it will pay you to see us. A number of properties available, more wanted. Twenty-six ISSUE OF AUGUST, 1946 Vol. 11 No. 4 *;^wa»'«^"****^'<*-'..jr^-^*W»~- y^^ Seven Jobs Which ''Couldn't Be Done" Are Done By Modern Methods Carl Urann Uses Oak Plat- form for Crane, Develops Novel "Drag" for Rough Grading at Halifax Bog. Doing a job of bog reconstruction by machinery that "couldn't be done" by manual labor because of too great cost, and then making this mechanical equipment do what "couldn't be done" because of depth of mud, was the accomplish- ment of the United Cape Cod Cranberry Company at its Halifax bog this past summer. This pro- ject, carried out by Carl B. Urann in association with his son, Mar- cus, last spring returned, from overseas duty, is one more dem- onstration that the age of me- chanical equipment is here for the cranberry grower. About 17 acres of this bog, one of the first built by the Uranns, approximately 35 years ago, had become unprofitable, due to damage of a fungus disease which had been aid.ed in its adverse effects by the vines being weakened from x'oot grub. So bad had the condition become that last spring the decis- ion was made to rebuild this sec- tion of the bog. This bog unit had been built on a famous old Halifax cedar swamp. In the center the mud is 30 feet d.eep and it had been considered impossible to get sufficiently heavy equipment out on the shaky surface to do the work. Last season about one-third had been prepared by a Rototiller and CRANBERRIES PHOTOS — Top. view of portion of Halifax bog. being renovated. Lower, Crane, standing on oak mats, swiniring the specially-devised rough drag. ~r-^:yr ^-^P manual labor, and this had been fertilized and covered with two inches of sand. This accomplished, the renovated acres were set to Early Blacks, and the vines for the most part have done well. The results of this proceeding were considered satisfactory, but costly. This summer Carl Urann con- ceived the idea that he could get a big crawler-type shovel out onto the center of this bog, in spite of the insecure footing. The opera- tion of such a heavy piece of equipment over 30 feet of mud, would ordinarily be considered im- possible, most operators consider- ing half that depth more than enough to be unsafe. Mr. Urann felt it could be done by using heavy oak "mats" for the treads of the shovel to work upon. The equipment was a crawler type Loraine 19-ton shovel with 35 foot boom and % yard clamshell buck- et. Five mats were used, these being 16 feet long by about four and one-half feet wide, and in thickness three layers of 2% inch oak. Shovel Lifted Mats With the oak mats the shovel crawled itself out over the bog, moving the mats ahead as it pro- gressed, one mat being swung from rear to front, step by step. The mats were simply lifted in the jaws of the shovel and swung ahead. This same process was used, in moving about while at work. When the bog was built many of the old, cedar stumps had been left in and filled over. These would have been a tough job to have gotten out by man power, but the shovel merely picked up these great stumps as easily as a child would a jack-straw. That is, the work was easily done under the skilled hand of Bruno Marti- nelli, expert shovel operator. A novel device used, in this reno- vation program was a drag to level off the surface. This drag was a huge angle iron weighing perhaps a ton, especially designed for the job and which gave a rough gracing in jig time. In this project the average work- ing crew consisted of 20 to 25 men and the manual labor done was Eight less than 30 per cent, making a large saving in time and cost. For a short time 40 men were en- gaged in doing the grading of the bog after the shovel had roughed it in, but the normal crew was made up of the smaller number. The manual labor end chiefly con- sisted of this grading and vine setting. Sand Moved by Trains Getting the sand from the pit was one of the most important factors and this was done as en- tirely by mechanical means as pos- sible. Farthest point from the pit was approximately 3,000 feet. A bog railway was used, running from the point of sanding over the bog, along a dike and into the pit. Two trains of eight cars, behind a gas bog locomotive, alternated in carrying the sand, each car holding % yard, and being loaded in considerably less than two min- utes. There were also trucks pulling into the pits and hauling sand, a truck being filled with thi-ee yards in about 15 seconds. The sand trains pulled in under a loading bin which was filled di- rectly from the sand bank by a second crane and shovel. This bin was of special design, developed by Mr. Urann and his foreman, "Eddie" Heleen, of West Ware- ham. It consists of a screen of steel-tempered rods, about %ths of an inch apart on vibrating rollers. "Ingenuity in adapting machin- ery, especially to a particular job. Top — Men spread sand, dumped from cars run out on track over bog:. Lower — Shovel dumps sand into the screen, and it pours through into cars as they pass beneath. Scene is in enormous pit of Halifax bog, taken from top of opposite bank. Nine is One of the secrets of success in using mechanical equipment in cianberry work", Mr. Urann says. "Cranberry industry requirements are so limited that special cran- bsrry machinery can be made in only a few items, and the rest has to depend upon the ingenuity of the grower in devising special ar- rangements to lit his own indiviL- ual needs. "Also necessary in the success- ful use of heavy mechanical equip- ment to cranberry growing is de- veloping as exact coordination of all operations as is possible. With- out this coordination, loss of time in the use of equipment can be \ery expensive and cut into the savings the machinery can other- wise make. A grower must coor- dinate all his operations and plan how to do a sizable project before he begins. For instance, we had this program all figured out very carefully before we starter out, and. we have tried to follow it closely and watched it all the time to straighten out any "bugs" as fast as they developed." On this particular renovation program Mr. Urann feels the em- ployment of all mechanical equip- ment, wherever possible, cut down the hours involved by a very large per cent and, in fact, he de- clares the job could not have been done entirely by manual labor at present day costs. "This job wouldji't have been a possibility at all, with costs of hand labor what they are. It just couldn't have been done that way — as it was done 35 years ago", he declared. Continental Red Seal Industrial Engines J. M. HACKETT No. Hanover, Mass. Tel. Rockland 1864 Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK At Screenhoute*. Bofs and Pumpm Means Satisfaction ALFRED PAPPI WAREHAM, MASS. T«l. 626 "Harry Hornblower (Paris, OSS Office, 1943) 4im Ten 'Harry'' Hornblower, Treasurer Cape Cod Growers Association s Ardent Archeology Worker became general manager of Wis- consin Cranberry Sales Company. "Harry" was born in Boston, Nov. 5, 1917. After graduation from Milton Academy he attended Harvard, majoring in anthropology and. archaeology, receiving his de- gree in 1941. He later took courses in American History, in- tending to make the study of the archaeology of the American Co- lonial period his life interest. At the outbreak of the war he went to Washington to work for the Army Map Service. A year later he enterea the Army, being given his basic training at Fort Former Officer in O. S, S, During the War is to Make Cranberry Growing His Means of Livelihood Henry Hornblower, now treas- urer of Cape Cod. Cranberry Grow- ers' Association (and chairman of the Frost Warning (Committee) came into the industry a few months ago, an ex-service man, who decided to make cranberry growing his means of livelihood. He was elected to the office of treasurer this past August, suc- ceeding C. D. Hammond, Jr., who The New England Cranberry Sales Company, by continuing to add to its membership increases the bene- fits to cranberry growers, and further stabilizes the mar- ket for cranberries by the various methods of marketing. It has been stated recently that "in many fields of business the need for the cooperative movement to assist producers and consumers to resist the unfair practices of monopolies is even greater today than ever before". o< >o The Sales Company with its associated Companies is in the fortieth year of cooperative service. New England Cranberry Sales Co. 9 Station Street Middleboro, Massachusetts Belvoir, Virginia. He was with a photo-topographical unit in Colo- rado and Oklahoma. Called back to Washington, he was assigned to the Office of Strategic Services, and was later sent overseas by that office to do intelligence work in England, France and Germany. When discharged from service last January he held the rank of first lieutenant. His grandfather, Henry Horn- blower, and his father, Ralph A. Hornblower of Hornblower & Weeks, investment brokers, have had cranberry interests since about 1910, although these inter- ests have been largely financial. Ralph Hornblower is president of Cape Cod Company and Harry is affiliated with that company. All last summer Harry studied with Dr. Franklin and his asso- ciates at the Cranberry Experi- ment Station in East Wareham, visited bogs and growers, and gen- erally acquainted himself with the problems of cranberry culture. This fall he is working in the Cape Cod Company's screenhouse and at the Stokely plant in New Bedford, where he is learning cranberry processing techniques. Harry is chairman of the Pilgrim Village Committee of the Pilgrim Society at Plymouth. This com- mittee expects to construct a rep- lica of Plymouth, with Pilgrim homes and other buildings, as it was in the early days of the Colony. He is married and has a young son, "Hank". The Hornblowers eventually expect to live in Dux- bury. Cranberries will be Harry Hornblower's vocation. His archae- ological studies, particularly of the Colonial period, has his deep and abiding interest. have watched the picturesque pro- cess of a cranberry harvest, and presumably the pickers have not been entirely oblivious of the throngs, the clicking camera shut- ters, the buzzing movie machines, the wailing locomotive whistle and the clanging bell. However, it all seems to have worked out well. Cranberrying was never like this in the days when Cyrus Ca- hoon was "developing" his Early Blacks and James Paine Howes his Howes. And it still isn't, at any other place than Edaville. Railroad Harvest (Continued from Page 7) the "revenue end" of the business, that is, the transporting of non- paying passengers; while Overseer Merritt and Leonard LaForest of Plymouth, GI in cranberry train- ing, with the gas locomotive, have 'i^Jl tended to the harvest. ^^ Outings of clubs, churches and lodges have taken place, with lunches and clambakes. The crowds FLAME 30" X 3" — 20(W I . KILLS STALES-SEEDS-ROOTSi Endoned br Agri. Authodtiei. 99 other uio loo: disinlocting loich. cadu* pear bumei kiJla poiion Jry and oak; split! roclci: bum out alumpK hooti wotor, lead, tor, lood;l dfYi out boTDB and coops; thaw*: hoaU;l ■nolla. Uqod indoora and ouldoora In all! v«ather. Buma only B% boiosone, 94% I air. 10 day money back trial oUar.l ManL ahipa at onco. 4 qaL wotdodi Btoel lank. T hoac. soamlou alooir lomovablo coil bumot; Tuoran-I tuU yeai. SODJIOO in uaa. Send loil FREE Uhistrotad bulletin. F AEROIL PRODUCTS CO. S777 Park Ave. WEST NEW YORK, N. J. Eleven ill^mmi'" "■'•■Smi'V'-'-^ ' ''^"ii^ 'm-/ IWfiiT '"f ""«'■ ""jgy-^^A '"w.u. ;.vy. "li" ■ ' tore crnd^prieoc. _ THE CLAPPER CO. FORMERLY NEW ENGLAND TORO CO. 1121 WASHINGTON ST. WEST NEWTON 65, MASS. PHONE BIGELOW 7900 ^ BUCKNER MANUFACTURING C0.(» lets Blackstone Ave., Fresno, California BUCKNER SPRINKLERS Twenty-two crowded, with canned goods. He expressed the opinion that a new period was being entered into — a period of plenty rather than scarc- ity, and that quality was now about to benefit. While declaring he was not "bearish", at least upon ci-an- berries, he was pointing out the changing picture and showing that cranberries are a part of the nat- ional economy and subject to the same general trend. E. C. McGrew said with much conviction that the prospects for fresh fruit marketing and, the Ex- change were definitely improved. He said he felt the ACE was stronger than ever before. "We have been 'shaking out' some of our troubles, and now with them shaken out, we will go ahead again". He said members had not been giving as much thought to the welfare of their co-operative as they should have. "Is Set Up Right" "If co-operative marketing is right, certainly our co-operative is set up right. We have been used as a pattern for others. All we've got to QO is to apply our paLtein with a little harder work". Concei-ning fresh fruit, he went on to say that the Department ol Agriculture and. the fresh fruit and vegetable distributors have now adopted a new theory which seemed to him a sound one. This was that instead of there being- over-production to fear, the real problem was one of under-con- sumption. The means of solving this problem, he said, is one of im- proved d.istribution and marketing. As one angle of fresh fruit mar- keting he called to the attention of the growers the fact that retail markets always place fresh fruit and vegetables conspicuously on display. This is done, he said, be- cause there must be a rapid turn- over, much more rapid than in cans. In this rapid turn-over there is more profit than in slower-mov- ing canned goods. "You can feel sure the retail trad.e is not going to give up this profitable business with fresh produce", he said. In making his report, Manager Benson remarked that while the NECSCO had lost three directors in the recent split with the canning cooperative, only seven in all had resigned, and it was found that finly five per cent of membership production had been "lost", with new membership berries figured in. CCI Stock The company voted unanimously, (Continued on Page 24) ARIENS-7>7/er .4=» THE MOST COMPLETE LINE OF TILLAGE EQUIPMENT IN THE WORLD. CA- PACITIES 14 IN. TO 7 FT CUTTING WIDTHS. ARIENS CO. Box 508 BRILLION. WIS. We Have Listing of Cranberry Bogs, large or small FOR SALE Geo. A. Cole Agency Wlr..DA HANEY Decas Block Wareham, Massachusetts LLOYD M. HENDRICK Registered Architect Architect-Engineer Puhlic, Commercial and Domestic Work BAKER BLDG. BUZZARDS BAY AND POCASSET, MASS. CRANBERRY REAL ESTATE APPRAISING 17 Court St. Plymouth, Mass. BOG MANAGEMENT Tels: Plymouth 1622 Kingston 319 If you are buying or selling Cranberry Property it will pay you to see us. A number of properties available, more wanted. (^ditMals ISSUE OF OCTOBER, 1946 Vol, 11 No. 6 ^J^^'^^'^'^^'Qi- THE 1946 MARKET SEASON SEPTEMBER was a "beautiful" month for the cranberry grower in Massachu- setts. It was what the old-timers on the Cape called "cranberry weather", pleasant, sunny days, with the blue haze of early autumn. As satisfactory as the weather were prices the growers were receiving for their cranberries, the bids from the independents and the opening prices of the co-operatives indicating good returns to members. This marketing season, however, opened in a different situation than is nor- mal. For the present, at least, there are two national co-ops, and both were ready to dispose of their members' crops in two ways, fresh and processed, at as good terms as possible, it goes without saying. There was a heavy demand by the trade for fresh cranberries. Stocks of processed cranberries throughout the country were at a minimum, and with the empty shelves of retailers to be stocked up again from the scarcities of the war period th'ere seemed to be almost no limit to the amount of canned sauce which might be absorbed. Such conditions may not exist again soon, perhaps not even next year. There are many straws in the wind, pointing out that this may be about the end of the peak of the "mad" buying of the consumer of most anything that he could get at almost any price. The buyer is beginning to have something to say again. Actually, the final result of this season's marketing is yet to 36 told. But for the opening of this season, at least, the grower was agreeably amazed that what is likely the third largest crop on record was selling at the price it was. Of course, the dollar isn't what it was in 1939. The dollar will not buy what it did before the war in hardly anything. It is not buy- ing the grower the amount of labor it aOught in pre-war days, nor so many ship- sing boxes, and when he comes to spend lis earned cranberry dollar he will not get IS much for it as he used to. Cranberry prices must be weighed on the basis of the L946 dollar. A six thousand dollar house ;osts ten thousand^today. The cranberry grower, being mostly a )retty shrewd fellow, won't let the situation fo to his head. He will keep his weather jljjye open. The retired Cape Cod skippers, CRANBERRIES - WAEEHAM, MASSACHUSETTS Subscription $3.00 per year Advertising rates upon application Editor and Publisher CLARENCE J. HALL LEMUEL C. HALL Associate Editor CORRESPONDENTS-ADVISORS Wisconsin VERNON GOLDSWORTHY Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin Washington-Oregon J. D. CROWLEY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. ETHEL M. KRANICK Bandon, Oregon Massachusetts DR. HENRY J. FRANKLIN Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. BERTRAM TOMLINSON Barnstable County Agricultural Agent Barnstable, Mass. New Jersey CHARLES A. DOEHLERT, Acting Chief, New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station, Pemberton, New Jersey among whom cranberry growing started, weren't fooled by fair skies, and somehow the native shrewdness of these old pioneers has remained most times with the industry, even as wide-spread as it is today. MASSACHUSETTS growers chartering a plane and flying down to Jersey for the day, helicopters anticipated over Mas- sachusetts bogs next year. Things and times do change. Now, if the grower can only get that 100 per cent satisfactory pickin' machine! Twenty-three N. E. Sales (Continued from Page 22) after a little debate, to amend the by-laws to provide that the direct- ors may repay members who had previously contributed to the Com- pany fund for purchase of CCI stock either in cash or the CCI stock. The by-law had previously stipulated the payment in cash. The provision that payment be mad.e either in stock or cash, Mr. Benson explained, left this to the discretion of the directors, and the intention was that the payment should be made practically upon a stock basis, with perhaps a very slight amount of cash to aid in the bookkeeping- transaction. He saic, in fact, retiring members who had joined the canning co-operative had, with one exception, expressed. a preference that the payment be in cash. He said this was reducing the $200,000 worth of stock that New England held in CCI by the amount of the retiring members' partic- ipation, and that CCI had been of- fered the pvirchase of the entire block held by New England in the group participation, but was in- formed there was no arrangement at present by which this might be done. President Cowen presided, and a meeting of directors was held fol- lowing the company session. ELECTRICITY is a great aid in agriculture, par- ticularly now at cranberry harvest time. MODERNIZATION of methods calls for the greatest use of all most efficient operation programs. Plymoufh County Elecfric Co. WAREHAM Tel. 200 PLYMOUTH Tel. 1300 WANTED Several thousand more barrels of CAPE COD CRANBERRIES to supply the demands of our connections. Growers using our service are assured of an outlet for their EN- TIRE CROP AT TOP PRICES AND PROMPT RETURNS. We are proud of our record of CO-OPERATING with and serving the Cranberry Industry for over a quarter of a century. We maintain one of the most modern packing plants on Cape Cod and are in a position to help out other growers who do not have these facilities. Contact us now for further details and we will send a represent- ative to call on you. BEATON'S DISTRffiUTING AGENCY Cape Cod Cranberries WAREHAM, MASS. Telephone j j„q Twenty-four fe?iiK 'Consistency Thou Art a JeiveV* w^ ^7T Let's Look AT THE RECORD S-<3- ^3- (3? Since 1930, year after year (no exception), we have paid a "just price" to the Growers of Cranberries, which price has been the top price. mik Si Si Over these years many growers have placed their confidence in us and delivered their berries to us, knowing that the final price for the season would be a "just price". These growers received $21.00 per barrel NET for their 1945 deliveries. Ask these growers about their transactions with MINOT and then consult our Representa- tive, BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY, and arrange to deliver all or part of your 1946 Cranberries to MINOT. MIN-OT FOOD PACKERS, Inc. BRIDGETON, NEW JERSEY Represented by BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY (34 (3f (§&. ®? ®4 Si? S<3- ffi<3- S<3- 'IAUUU,UUU A YtAK INUU5IKY APE COD EW JERSEY p¥ISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON RALPH B. CLAYBERGER OF NEW JERSEY — (Story Page 6) iovember, 1946 30 cents /i How Old is a Company at 52? A Company is as old as its ability to accept new ideas, to set far-sighted objectives and see its projects through to successful conclusions. This Company is a mere youngster compared to many American businesses which have passed the century mark; yet in its field — Cranberries — it is almost as old as the industries themselves. Today, as in the past 52 years, the Growers Cranberry Company accepts the challenge of even greater opportunities to serve its members. Growers Cranberry Company, Inc. PEMBERTON, NEW JERSEY THE SPRAYER FOR YOUR JOB Hardie Hiph Pressure Sprayers are available !n many d'iferent sizes and models for Cran- berry Spraying. You can select the Hardie that exactly meets your requirement, with confidence that it will measure fully up to your expectations for every Hardie pump, frcm the smallest to the largest, is identical in design and construction. Write for the big new 1947 Hardie Catalog. .,}^ Both tractor operated and engine opera ;.ed trailers, and straight frame engine powered sprayers for carrying on motor truck or other ve- hicle are available in sizes delivering from 4 to 60 gallons per minute at 300 to 800 pounds pressure. The Hardie Mfg. Co. Los Angeles, Calii, Hudson, Mich. Portland, Oregon ^a/iMg DEPENDABLE SPRAYERS Continuing to Build a Consumer Demand tor (j^^euajpray Ocean Spray advertising appearing in November and December issues of . . . GOOD HOUSE KEEPING LADIES HOME JOURNAL BETTER HOMES AND GARDENS WOMAN'S HOME COMPANION is building a consumer demand among 30,000,000 readers. Even though the current demand exceeds the supply, more dif- ficult times are coming. Ocean Spray is preparing now to market future ci'ops by teach- ing more women to use more cranberry products, more often. National Cranberry Association The Growers* Cooperative Hanson, Massachusetts Coquille, Oregon Markham, Washington Onset, Massachusetts Bordentown, New Jersey Plymouth, Massachusetts North Chicago, Illinois North Harwich, Massachusetts Long Beach, Washington Dennis, Massachusetts SERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY ADAMS & GOULD The Lumber Dealers Cape & Vineyard People's National "Everything Under Cover" East Wareham, Mass. Electric Company Bank & Trust Co. Tel. Wareham 648 Offices: Pemberton, Building Material for Bog, Chatham New Jersey Screenhouse and Home Uses Falmouth Hyannis Member Federal Deposit Vineyard Haven Insurance Corporation Paints - Hardware Marinette & Established 1348 Hall & Cole Wood Menominee Box Co. Incorporated County Marinette, Wisconsin Commission Merchants and Jobbers Nationa BOXES, BOX SHOCKS, CRATING WIREBOUND BOXES AND CRATES 94 Faneuil Hall Market 102 Bank BOSTON, MASS. M & M's 64th Year h^ ^Mfl I I ■ ^ APPLES AND CRANBERRIES Wisconsin Rapids, SPECIALTIES Wisconsin Serving the Wisconsin Cranberry Growers Car Lot Receivers MEMBER FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION The We are in KROP-SAVER a position to brand National Bank manufacture Cranberry Picking Boxes INSECTICIDES of at this season of FUNGICIDES the year For the Cranberry Grower Wareham F. H. COLE Established 1707 Manufacturers of CROP-SAVER CHEMICAL COMPANY, Inc. Wareham, Mass. Wooden Boxes and Shooks 2630 West Arthington St. North Carver, Mass. Chicago 12, Illinois MEMBER FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION Tel. 46-5 DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS ¥ MASSACHUSETTS Call WAREHAM 162 S. G. M. Packard & Go. Hardware — Locksmiths For Maintenance Supplies USE DYNAMITE The modem way to re- move stumps, excavate rocks, DIG CORES FOR DIKES, and other blasting work in cranberry growing. Speeds up work — reduces costs. CONSULT WITH US ON ANY WORK YOU ARE PLANNING. Trained by Hercules Powder Co. ALTON J. SMITH High St., Hanson, Mass. Tel. Bryantville 209-R-3 The PLYMOUTH NATIONAL BANK Plymouth Massachusetts Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Continental Red Seal Industrial Engines J. M. HACKETT No. Hanover, Mass. Tel. Rockland 1864 Serving Western Cranberry Growers with High Quality Products Rotenone Pyrethrum Sabadilla Nicotine Copper Sprays Oil Sprays Lime Sulphur Solution Miller Products Company Portland 1, Oregon JOHN HILL Plymouth St. Bryantville, Mass. Offers Cranberry Growers the Value: Of Long Experience in Cranberry Work plus The Latest in Construction- Renovation Equipment, in- cluding : 2 Caterpillar Tractor Bulldozers 2 Power Shovels Sand, Gravel, Crushed Stone Delivered Tel. Bryantville 6422 Morris April Bros. Bridgeton - Tuckahoe New Jersey Apples Cranberries Peaches GROWERS AND SHIPPERS H. R. Bailey Co. South Carver Massachusetts Manufacturers of CRANBERRY EQUIPMENT Acushnet Saw Mills Co. GOOD WOOD BOXES Cranberry Growers Order Harvest and Shipping Boxes New Bedford, Mass. Est. 1865 We Are Supplying Harvest and Shipping . BOXES--NOW Place Your Order With Jesse A. Holmes & Son SOUTH CARVER, MASS. Tel. Carver 10-3 Lemuel C. Hall, Long Sec. Cape Ass'n. Passes Away Tribute Paid to Noted Vet- eran Wareham N e w s- paper Man, Associate Edi- tor CRANBERRIES. Lemuel C. Hall, a founder and editor of the Wareham Courier for 51 years, secretary of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association from 1913 until Au^st of this year, and associate editor of this magazine, died at Tobey Hospital, Wareham, Massachusetts, October 18, following- an illness of four days. He was in his 72nd year. Born in Harwich, Mass., Decem- ber 13, 1874, the son of Captain Gersbom Hall, a Cape Cod sea captain, L. C. Hall was of the 9th generation from John Hall, who came to this country from England in 1630 and settled on the Cape. Mr. Hall was never a cranberry grower in his own right, although his father was growing cranberries during the Civil War, after retir- ing from the sea. Henry Hall, who began cultivating cranberries in about 1812 and is recognized as the "father" of the cranberry indus- try was a descendent of one of the 12 sons of John Hall. L. C. Hall was married to the granddaughter of Capt. Cyrus Gaboon, developer of the Early Blacks. All his life he was familiar with Cape cran- berry culture. As a boy he always picked cranberries and did other work on bogs. Going to Wareham in 1894, and opening a job printing plant there, after learning the printing craft in Springfield and Boston, he was associated, in the founding of the Wareham Courier in 1895 as a branch edition of the Yarmouth Register. Wareham was then in the early years of its cranberry development, and he knew most of the pioneer growers of the area, a number of whom had come up from the Cape to build bogs. The Courier "carried' a great deal of cranberry news from the beginning, and in later years was recognized as the leading source of Cape cranberry news and at one time was made the official organ of the Cape Cod Cranberry Grow- ers' Association. He was an early associate, through his newspaper capacity of the late A. U. Chancy and of C. M. Chaney when they came to the Cape to help found the New England Cranberry Sales Company, of Marcus L. Urann, when first entering the cranberry field, of the late J. J. Beaton, lead- ing independent distributor of Cape cranberies, of John C. Makepeace and other leaders of the industry. This interest in cranberry grow- ing he always maintained, writing many editorials and articles upon cranberry culture, served on vari- ous committees of the Cape asso- ciation, and while other officers of the Cape Association came and went, he remainde a mainstay, in the secretaryship. His interest and influence were an important fac- tor in the establishing of this ma- gazine in 1936. Always a loyal beliver in organ- ized effort, he early became a mem.- ber of press associations. He was president of a former Cape Cod Press Club, of Massachusetts Press association (he had attended a meeting of this body the day be- fore his illness), of New England Press Association. He was a noted editorial writer and this and other efforts in country journalism, in 1929-30 brought him the highest recognition in the weekly news- paper field, the presidency of thi National Editorial Association, he being eletced at an annual conven- tion at Cheyenne, Wyoming. For some years thereafter he was chair- man of the legislative committee of the association. He had attended all the conventions of the associa- tion from 1920 until 1944, when travel restrictions were imposed. This past summer he attended the first postwar gathering at Denver. His travels had taken him to nearly every state in the Union, Canada, Alaska, Mexico, Bermuda, Cuba and the islands of the Carib- bean. His interest in Cape Cod af- fairs had led him in 1912 to es- tablish the "Cape Cod Magazine," whcih he continued as editor and publisher until this was interuptedl by the First World War in 1917. In this were published many arti- cles about cranberries and Cape Cod cranberry growers. He was a staunch Republican and in 1927-28 was elected to the Masichusetts House of Representa- tives and was a delegate to the Republican National Convention of 1928. He frequently made trips ta Washington and had been given personal interviews with Harding and Hoover at the White House. He is survived by his son, Clar- ence J. Hall, a daughter, Mrst Ralph Cudworth, a grandson, David D. Hall and a granddaughter, Mrs Clare Nightingale; a brohter, C. Di Hall, who maintaines the bog oi their father at Harwich, a sister Mrs. Orrin Brooks of Marlboro and a half sister. Miss Phebe Hall oi Harwich. The funeral was held from Firs* Congregational Church, Warehami October 21, interment at Warehami Tributes were many, including those from holders of public of- fice, press and cranberry field. Thej came from Senator Leverett Sal- tonstall, Congressman Chai-les L Gifford, House Minority Leadei Joseph W. Martin, Jr., State Sen- ator D. W. Nicholson, Pi-esid.ent oi of the Mass. Senate Arthur Coolidge, Charles Nichols, execu tive secretary Massachusetts Re publican State Committee, Ware' ham selectmen and other officials The cranberry industry: (Continued on Pafo II) Four < Issue of November, 1946 — Vol. 11, No. 7 Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop, Main St., Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscription, 53.00 per year. Entered as second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post-office at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3, 1879. All Records For Cranberry Prices Shattered This Season Production Is Now Second In The Record Gov't Estimate Oct. 14 for Total of 815,000 Barrels — Ending of Harvest Seems to Bear This Out. U. S. Dept. of Agriculture re- leased October 14, cranberry crop prospects as they were on October first. Releases follow: U. S. Crop Prospects 815,00 Bbls. The 1946 cranberry crop in the United States is now estimated at 815,1000 barrels, the second largest crop on recod. This prospect com- pares with 656,800 barrels harvest- ed last season and. 614,100 barrels ;he ten year average production. In most of the important States cran- berry crop prospects improved dur- ing September. The New Jersey :rop is now estimated at 77,000 bar- rels, 57 percent more than the short rop of last year. Harvest was well along by October 1. Berries ire of good quality and of medium o large size, with a much lower than usual percentage of small sizes. Cranberry production in Wis- onsin estimated at 128,000 barrels is the largest crop of record. The :rop is being harvested under fav- orable weather conditions and the Derries are of good quality. In the Pacific Coast States of Washington and Oregon the outlook for the :ranberry crop remains unchanged. Harvest season at an end seems 10 find the 1946 crop of cranberries Wt very far away from the Octo- »er first Government estimate, vhich was the second largest crop >n record, 815,000 barrels. Massa- chusetts may reach 550,000; there seems to be a feeling in Jersey there may be a few more than fig- ured on, West Coast approximately the same, although there were valu- ations in production in the (different areas there. Only important change, which would bring the total up from estimate, would be in Wisconsin, where the crop is now figured as up toward 140,000. A surprising factor of the season would be the way Massachusetts berries held up in quality despite the dismal rains of most of August and extremely hot weather during September and particularly in the latter part of October. MA-«^SACHUSETTS UCrop Overrunning — Harvesting was generally finished by the end of the week of October 7, although many were still cleaning up on the first of the following week. That the crop may have run up to the revised estimate of N. E. Crop Re- porting service of 550,000 bbls. was the opinion of most. On October 24th, A. D. Benson tabulating crops of NECSCO said these figures in- dicated a three percent overrun on Early Blacks of the company mem- bership and the Howes had prob- ably overrun the original estimate by at least 5 percent. This would give an average increase of 4% percent. ^Individual larger Crops — Con- tributing to the size of the crop was the fact that a number of larger growers had larger crops than anticipated. The Makepeace interests had a substantially large production. E. D. Atwood had a large crop. An outstanding crop was that obtained at the State (Continued on Pa^e 14) C. M. Chaney said as of October 31, the crop was being disposed of satisfactorily, with only two im- portant factors on the "bad" side. These were extremely unsea- sonable warm weather throughout the country and the lack of sugar available to the housewife, although the canning sugar situation con- tinued favorable. He said he ex- pected not more than 40 per cent of the crop would be sold on the fresh market this year, with the processors taking the major share. The fresh fruit market has "set the pace," however, he stated, the fresh fruit price really carrying the price for berries, and working a stabilizing influence. The market could have consum- ed more berries than even this second largest crop on record, he said, but "not at such prices" as have prevailed. At October end he said the price for lates was holding at S9.25-$9.50 a quarter and the top in canning berries was in the $34-$35 range. There were reports that a few barrels had been sold, fresh at $40.00. One of the fundamentals of form- ing ACE, it has been pointed out, was to stabilize prices, at a figure fair to the grower and to the con- sumer, and this ACE states it has attempted to do in this year's "hec- tic" market. ACE has realized that other marketing seasons are ahead, and felt that its opening pi-ice for Blacks of §26.00 was a "good" price for cranberries even at to- day's high level of costs. The Exchange price for late Howes was set Tuesday, October 22 at a directors' meeting, which reviewed the market and on the evening of October 23rd the ACE (Continued on Page 13) Five Ralph B. Clayberger Plans ''Come Back'' for Historic, Ancient Hampton Park Bogs This Property, Deep in Heart of the New Jersey "Pines", Now Owned by His Son, Daughter and Son-in-law — Clay- berger Has Long Been a Sound, Constructive Member of Industry. by CLARENCE J. HALL One more of the Jersey cranberry properties which today are not as good producers as they used to be, but are on the list of those for which plans and hopes of revival are held, are the Hampton Park bogs, near Atsion. Hampton Park has antecedents as ancient and honorable as any in the industry. Vines were set out there as long ago as the Civil War period; it has had high berry production. Once the property of Andrew J. Rider and Charles W. Wilkinson, acknowledged leaders of the Jersey cranberry industry half a century ago, Hampton Park in recent years has been owned by the Charles W. Wilkinson estate, with Ralph B. Clayberger, son-in-law of Mr. Wilkinson, as trustee-manager. Mr. Clayberger himself has long been recognized as a sound mem- ber of the Jersey industry. He has been a director of Growers' Cran- berry Company for 13 years, a member of the advisory council of Cran- berry Canners, Inc., for six years, one of the executive committee, and a member of American Cranberry Growers' Association. He has oper- ated the Hampton Park bogs since Mr. Wilkinson's death 14 years ago. Since January first of this year, however, he has been managing them und.er new ownership. This ownership is a three-way partnership, which bought out the Wilkinson estate interests. The new owners are Mr. Clayberger's son, Charles B. Clayberger, his daughter, Mrs. Elsie W. Goodrich, and her husband, Robert R. Good- rich, 2d. A neat new sign, "Clay- berger & Goodrich", in which Mr. Clayberger obviously shows pride now points the way into Hampton Park from route 39 at Atsion. It is through the efforts of this family coalition that Ralph Clay- berger believes the bogs can be given new life, by means of an in- tensive renovation program. Not all in one year can this be done, but piece by piece, as the best pro- cess of bog renovation is now quite generally conceded to be in New Jersey. Ralph B. Clayberger When Mr. Clayberger speaks of the prospects of bringing back Hampton Park he is not talking with the inexperienced tongue of a novice in cranberry growing who may not even suspect the amount Six of time, money and energy neces- sary for achievement of the pro- gram. Mr. Clayberger has been associated with cranberries for more than 35 years, although the lion's share of his interest until more recent years was in the mar- keting rather than the growing end. Mr. Clayberger was born in a little village called Brandonville, Schuykill County, Pennsylvania, of a Pennsylvania Dutch father and a Vermont-born mother. In his earlier business years he was in the advertising "game" in New York City. This was from 1901 to 1907. His principal interest was in public relations and selling. He i.3 now chairman of the publicity committee of the Growers' Cran- berry Company. Later, for more than 25 years he ran the business of C. Wilkinson's Sons, which was at the time of its dissolution in 1937 the oldest commission house in Philadelphia, having been estab- lished in 1861. This dissolution followed serious injuries to Mr. Clayberger in an automobile acci- dent which incapacitated him for a considerable time. C. Wilkinson, the father of Charles W. Wilkinson, had pion- eered in the introduction of cran- berries into the Philadelphia mar- ket. C. Wilkinson's Sons was not only the first cranberry commission in Philadelphia, but for a time handled the entire Philadelphia cranberry deal. The second son of C. Wilkinson, Charles W., Clay- berger's father-in-law, had direct charge of the cranberry end of the business, and it was because of this that Clayberger became inter- ested in cranberries. Charles W. was a charter member and one of the organizers of the Growers' Cranberry Company. ( The story of the Wilkinson interests in cran- berries was told more fully in CRANBERRIES, May, 1945 issue, when the Growers' Cranberry Com- pany held, its Golden Jubilee on its fiftieth anniversary, and Mr. Clay- berger was master of ceremonies of the celebration. Hampton Park, New Jersey Hampton Park is located just ofB State Highway 39, which is a part of the main highway from New York to Atlantic City, midwaj between Mammonton and Medford This is in the heart of the "Jersej Pines", and the property is back from the highway three and a haH miles. The total acreage of thft property is over 400, with 204 acres in bogs (more can be put in) of which approximately 150 is now in production. The 77th annual summer conn vention of the American Cranberry Growers' Association was held at beautiful Hampton Park, August 29th last. The meeting, in this setting reminiscent of the Revolu^ tion, brought forth a record at- tendance. The meeting was held on the broad, well-kept lawn ol the overseer's cottage, in the shade of trees surrounding the house, and lunch was served by Mrs. Wells wife of the overseer. Following this convention, Mr. Clayberger who had handled the meeting witl! his usual skill as host, receiveo compliments from many of thf growers for a most enjoyable OC' casion. Andrew J. Rider, who built thoBt bogs in partnership with Charles to W. Wilkinson, was foi- many years secretary of the New Jersey Cran- berry Growers' association (later becoming the American Cranberry Growers' association) and was one of the most active of Jersey men in cranberries, an educator and founder of Rider Commercial Col- lege, which still operates in Tren- ton. The partnership continued un- til Rider's death, after which Wil- kinson incorporated the property as Rider & Wilkinson, Inc., this being in 1926. At that time Mr. Clay- berger acquired stock, and so be- came interested in the growing of cranberries. When Mr. Wilkinson died in 1932, the Wilkinson estate bought out the Rider interests, and from then on Mr. Clayberger operated it as trustee until the change of ownership last winter. Mr. Clay- berger's son is a resident of New York City and is in the production department of Allied, Graphic Arts, a printing brokerage firm, special- izing in off-set printing. His son- in-law is an electronic research engineer at the RCA laboratories at Princeton, New Jersey, where he and Mr. Clayberger's daughter make their home. Hampton Park in itself is really a beautiful setting, deep in the piney woods, with a running brook, Ibig warehouse, several smaller 'buildings, and two sizeable cot- tages. One is the overseer's house and the other is where the new (owners and Mr. Clayberger spent week ends and as much other time as possible. There is no electric- ty nor telephone at Hampton Park, so isolated in "The Pines" is this property. This lack of these modern conveniences is not always as delightful as it is many times Tlpictured to be, and it is anticipated there will be electricity and a phone there in the not too distant future. Deer abound in the area, IS they do around many Jersey 3ogs. Picturesque as deer may be, they are a source of damage to ;ranberry bogs, and at Hampton Park they even necessitate that he vegetable gardens be fenced in vith high wire fences which the leer cannot jump. This location in "The Pines" has nterest historically. Hampton Park w^s one? the situation of ^n CRANBERRIES PHOTO TOP — Overseer John B. Wells and ex-GI Son, Floyd. BOTTOM — Overseer's Comfortable, Attractive Cottage at Hampton Park. ancient bog-iron foundry and there cannon balls were made curing the Revolutionary War. In this re- spect Hampton Park is similar to the bogs of the Federal Cranberry Company at South Carver, Massa- chusetts (CRANBERRIES, Jan., 1943) where cannon balls were also made from local bog ore d.uring the Revolution. A local legend at Hampton Park is that one reason for the location was that the forge was securely hidden away from discovery during the hostilities by the thick pine woods. The stream that runs to Batsto, the water of which operated the furnace itself, is clear as crystal. At its bottom are some of the stones that tum- bled from the furnace walls. Down beside the bracken are charred timbers, the burned, remains of the old bridge and sluiceway, now re- placed by a modern concrete gate, In the thorny thicket is one of the old furnace hammers, its head buried in the crumblings of long years, its hancle protruding two feet from the earth. It is a me- morial nobody will pull out. ^even CKAMBERRIES PHOTu Hampton Park Screenhouse, Pleasantly Situated, is One of Best Designed and Kept-up in New Jersey. Screenhouse Dominating the scene at Hamp- ton Pai'k is the screenhouse. This is one of the largest, best con- structed, and best kept up in New Jersey. It is a building of three floors and basement, full-size. The exterior sidewalls are covered with white asbestos shingles, the roof with green asbestos shingles, mak- ing a most attractive appearance. The building is 110 feet long by 40 feet wide, and was built in part from lumber brought from the Centennial celebration in Phila- delphia in 1876. That is, the lum- ber is from some of the builcings erected there. This material is heavy and sturdy as construction was in those days, the framing of such thicknesses as is seldom dup- licated today. Berries are brought into the basement, where they are cooled, and from there carried to the top floor by elevator. They are then ( umped into a screen which re- moves grass and. other substances not wanted and then into hoppers Eight and down to two Hayden separators on the floor below. In the sorting- room, which is lighted by ample windows, six women can work at each of the four sorting tables. Boxes and other supplies are kept on the second floor. The elevator which carries the berries from basement to the third level from which they again cescend. is opei'- ated by a big 10 h. p. gasoline en- gine which, though dating back in- to the last century, is still thor- oughly reliable. The cottage provided for the overseer, in attractiveness and for conveniences, (except lack of elec- tricity) would stack up with the finest in any cranbei-ry area. Sit- uated in a grove of beautiful ti'ees, it also has white asbestos shingle side covering and green roof. The kitchen has been completely equipped with utilities as mod.ern as in any city apartment — sink, closet, cabinets, tables, range and refrigerator, these latter being operated by gas. Deep in "The Pines" Two streams run through the Hampton Park property, ohe Rob- ert's Branch and the other the Batsto river. Batsto, itself, is ai nearby famous Jersey Pines' "ghost town" which from time to time has received considerable coverage in articles, especially recently, because of its ancient picturesqueness. Before and dur- ing the Revolution Batsto was an important rural industrial center, the heart of "The Pines". At the time of the blockade of New York and Philadelphia by the British the Batsto area forges were a chief soui'ce of supply for Washington's army. Today it is fascinating in its abandonment. At the junction of five streams which make up the winding Mullica River, the old tavern and community store stand in the center of the cluster of houses. One old forge is across' the road. The river raceway still runs, and on the stream is a water turbine where logs were cut. On a hill is the "Old Manse". At Hampton Park cindei- and slag from the refuse heaps of the old forge have been used for road and other fill, and slag is still quite in evidence there. The overseer at Hampton Park is John R. Wells, who has worked around the cranberry bogs of "The Pines" for 45 years and whose an- cestry goes back deep into the history of this region, which was one of the earliest settled in America. Until comparatively rec- ent times, and the building of auto- mobile roads, residents here lived in peaceful and still primitive iso- lation, although all through the years comparatively near two great centers of civilization, Philadelphia and New York. Associated with Mr. Wells now is his son, Floyd, who served four years with the U. S. Army engineers, including much time in Europe, and is very glad to get back to the peace and quiet of his native Jersey pines. Production Has Been 6,00a Bbls. Hampton Park bogs are set with native Jerseys and Howes predom- inating, some Early Blacks and some Centennials. Normal pro- duction of Hampton Park was once 6,000 bbls., but this property was one more case of extremely adverse effects from False Blossom disease and too much acreage to be given adequate attention under war con- ditions and of labor costs and sup- plies. Mr. Clayberger thinks he has the False Blossom disease licked, as indicated by this year's crop which is good, but not up to normal. His aim is to produce 10,000 barrels on the property, and he is devoting his efforts toward that end. The fact is well known that many of these earlier Jersey bogs were not constructed on the sounder building principles of to- day. Stumps were left in, and no serious attempt was made to level and grade. Parts of some Jersey bogs are virtually hollows or val- leys with vines running from the bottom up the sharply rising sides. Such a situation makes an ex- tremely deep winter flowage nec- essary for protection of all tlie bog, with consequent injury from lack of oxygen and the heavy water. It makes frost flowage un- satisfactory. Plans to "Go Right Ahead" Mr. Clayberger is fully aware of these deficiencies in the bogs at Hampton Park. He plans to de- vote renovation efforts to the bet- ter bogs, improving these. Some bogs will be left in flood to drown out the trash on them and then reset. The worst will be left as they are until the future. Uplands will be cleared back. As for the bogs which are extremely out of level, he hopes the sides can be cut down and the center filled. Canals around some bogs will be neces- sary. He has one bulldozer already for grading work. Some sanding has been done at Hampton. Sand of reasonably good quality is not a problem there. Mr. Clayberger has sub- scribed to the Massachusetts theory that ample sanding is necessary in good cranberry production. Water supply is likewise not a big prob- lem, even though present drainage is. Mr. Clayberger believes in honey bees for good pollination. Forest fires destroy too much of the native bee population to leave pollination entirely to nature, he believes. "Now with the war over and, I hope, some labor and machinery available, we hope to go right ahead and make a good producing property of Hampton Park", Mr. Clayberger says. "We have an ideal lay-out. Sufficient money and effort is all that is needed. We have owners now who are real- ly determined to make a go of it". N. J. Blueberry Growers Alerting To Stunt Disease Repeated warnings from the N. J. Cranberry & Blueberry Research Laboratory on the seriousness cf Blueberry Stunt Disease are begin- ning to penetrate the consciousness of the blueberry growers. C. A. Doehlert has, for the second sea- son, provided a series of field, class- es in which growers may learn to recognize the symptoms of this new disease. With the assistance of John Goodman, Pemberton Voca- tional Agricultural teacher, nine classes were held this summer in the three chief blueberry Counties, Burlington, Ocean and Atlantic. To- tal attendance amounted to 148 persons. While Doehlert feels that this is still not reaching enough growers, he points out that it is a considerably better attendance than was secured at last year's classes. The grower need to learn how to detect the disease and eliminate affected bushes in the early stages so as to cut down the spread. At the same time, the search for a possible insect carrier of the di- sease is being conducted by Wil- liam E. Tomlinson, Jr. If this can be found, it may be posible to check the disease by spraying or dusting the carrier. The term "possible carrier" is used advisedly, since many virus diseases do not require an insect carrier. Doehlert and Tomlinson feel, however, that there is a good, chance of establishing an insect-disease relationship. Such a discovery is eagerly awaited by growei-s "in the know", for stunt disease renders the infected plants permanently unproductive. It spreads slowly at first, then with increasing rapidity when once well established in a field. Blueberry Stunt Disease was named in 1942 as a virus disease by R. B. Wilcox who has made care- ful study of the symptoms as exhi- bited by different varieties. Wilcox has, in the service of the United States Department of Agriculture, done effective research on other virus diseases such as Cranberry False Blossom and Raspberry Mo- saic. Still another department coop- erating in the Blueberry Stunt set- up is the New Jersey Bureau of Plant Industry. Under the direc- tion of Paul Mott trained inspec- tors examine and certify fields of plant propagators who plan to ship out of the State. Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK At Scr««nhous«B, Bogs and Pumps Mean* Satisfaction ALFRED PAPPI WAREHAM, MASS. Tal. ai« Nine CRANBERRIES PHOTOS Inventor Demonstrates How Device "Boils Up" Floats shown in Foreground Water Jet Float Boat Is the Invention of Cape Ex-GI Device on New Principle, Used on a Few Properties This Fall, Hailed for Greater Efficiency — Fleet of 25 Planned for Next Year — Patents Pending. Jet propulsion has been making history in aviation — jet propulsion is the latest development in float- boating in Massachusetts. In this craft, invented by an ex-GI, the jet principle not only drives the boat but agitates the berries up from the bottom, with a claimed effic- iency far exceeding the usual berry salvage methods. Two or three of these have been put to work on the bogs of a few growers on a percentage basis of floats gathered, and so successful have been results, both from the point of view of the growers and of the inventor, that a fleet of 25 or so are expected to be built and placed in operation by next fall. The inventor is Christy Sempos of East Wareham, Massachusetts, who, when he was released from the army last February, didn't even know what a float boat was. He had been told by Frank J. But- ler of the A. D. Makepeace Com- pany, that the latter wanted a float boat which (1) would be self- propelled, (2) would not draw much water, and (3) would not injure the vines. He hit upon the solution in a scow-like boat propelled by a wat- er jet, and. with water nozzles on a boom whjch "boiled up" the water and freed the' berries from the bottom. The boat is four fiaet wice by ten feet long. The water is pumped through a piece of copper CHRISTY SEMPOS tubing IVi inches in diameter, in the front of the boat, by a Hale pump. This pump is operated by 7% horsepower Briggs & Stratton motor. Then through a continua- tion of the piping along the right fide of the boat the water is forced out at the rear through the "pow- er"' nozzle. This jet action propels the boat. The power nozzle, with a piece of tubing attached vertical- ly, also acts as the rudd.er. The "agitating" nozzles are five in number, fastened to a boom which is adjustable from four feet deep to the surface of the water. The agitation is most efficient in about a foot of water, but the boat- can operate in bogs as ceeply flowed as four feet and in as little as six inches. The power nozzle is actually an inch above the bottom of the boat, so that vines in shal- low water offer no trouble in pro- pulsion of the boat, and there is no injury to the vines. The jet float boat can travel at 8 to 10 miles an hour in clear water, that is, if there is no drag on the bot- tom from vines, as when the water is shallow. The engine is placed on the boat on rubber mounts and is easily re- movable. Two men can take the motor out and place the scow on a trailer for transportation from bog unit to bog unit. Once in opera- tion, one man handles it. Assisting Sempos in the building Ten of the boat were two other East Wareham ex-GIs, "Laurie" Wash- burn, who was the boat builder, and Warren Whiting doing much of the "plumbing". Young Sempos has always been mechanically inclined. He was graduated from Wareham High school in June, 1943, entered the army August 5th of that year as a cadet in Army aviation, and was later transferred to Intelligence. He remained in service, all of which was in this country, until last spring. At present he is at- tending Tabor Academy, a prep school, at Marion, where he is tak- ing courses which he hopes will lead him to Massachusetts Institute of Technology and an engineering degree. While he intends to become an engineer for his life work, he hopes to be the owner of some cranberry bog as well. His parents operated a small fruit, grocery and naeat store at East Wareham and. al- though this is only a short distance from the Massachusetts Cranberry Experiment Station he had no in- terest in cranberries until the chal- lenge of invention of a float boat to meet the three requirements previously mentioned was suggest- ed to him. Now, with the success of the few boats he had in oper- ation this fall and his plan of hav- ing the fleet of 25 or so rented out next season, he is interested in cranberries as well as engineering. Grossman's On Cape Cod "EVERYTHING TO BUILD WITH" Opposite R. R. Station Sagamore, Mass. 778 Tels. Sagamore 779 Lemuel C. Hall Tributes (Continued from Page 4) Wareham; Mass. He lived simply and nbbly; he served his day and generation well. His intelligence, integrity, industry, friendliness, and open sincerity made him an unusual man. As a father, as a friend, as a citizen, as a sound leader of thought, he will be widely missed in and far beyond his community. HENRY J. FRANKLIN, East Wareham. Wareham, Mass. Thursday evening it was whis- pered to me that Lem Hall was ill. I took my Courier home and read his Timely Topics column. Friday morning he died. I am very sad. More than forty years ago, in front of the old E. N. Thompson store, he approached me, announc- ing that he had moved his press and types to Wareham and offered his services as a job printer. The going must have been slow for him in those days, but he carried on. Whether printing was a success or a failure, his first love was al- wavs editorial work. He was per- sistent, he did not offend, he stood for good government, good public service, clean politics, and a better community. He represented our District in the legislature; he did not disdain menial jobs like the sec- retaryship of the Cape Cod Cran- berry Growers' Association, which he held for more than twenty years. He traveled extensively and met people from far and near. These experiences broadened his vision and aided his service to the public. In recent years I have many times thought I would like to sit down and talk with him and know him better. Like many of his type he was perhaps better known and his tal- ents better appreciated abroad than at home. Men who served with him in the legislature years ago well recall his constructive work. His editorials received favorable comment far and wide and he was highly honored by state and nation- al editorial associations. Because he toiled among us and for us Wareham is a better place to live in. JOHN C. MAKEPEACE. I have known Lemuel C. Hall for more than forty years, and all dur- ing that time he was an anchor of Massachusetts cranberry growing and his influence extended into the other cranberry areas. His was a s+abilizing influence. He had loy- alty to, and faith in the cranberry industry. There was no man in the business in whom I would put greater trust to work for the best interests of the cranberry industry. His long years of service and in- terest will make him greatly missed. He realized the influence of a country newspaper. He knew and always had before him the respon- sibility of developing the right ideals and objectives in young peo- ple who go from the country to the city, carrying those principles which are the well-springs of se- curity for our Nation. The hand that recorded with such skil,l clarity, and with a sense of humor, the human events of the community in which he lived, is ^MMilBVPV THOMAS BROTHERS General Contractors MIDDLEBORO, MASS. Tel. Middleboro 772 Concrete Flumes and Pumpwells Transit Mix Concrete Complete Line of Construction Equipment Excavating - Grading - Hauling Leave the Toug-h Jobs for Us Our Experience is Your Guarantee Eleven now still, but such men never die. In his writings he has indelibly stamped in thousands of readers the influences which will bear fruit for many years to come. MARCUS L. URANN, Pres. National Cranberry Association Hanson, Mass. and Wareham. NEIL E. STEVENS, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois New York The presence and counsel of L.. C. Hall will be sorely missed by the entire community and especial- ly by all cranberry growers. C. M. CHANEY, Gen. Mgr. American Cranberry Exchange The passing of Lemuel C. Hall was greatly felt by all cranberry growers. He served faithfully our Associ- ation from the pioneer day to the present year 1946. May his integrity always remain with us. GEO. E. SHORT, Pres. Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association. TRIBUTE Both the cranberry industry and the Town of Wareham have lost a great friend. CARLETON D. HAMMOND, JR., General Mgr. Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Co., Wisconsin Rapids, Wis. du.sting, (Makepeace), ground dust- ing and insect netting, and E. D. Atwood's "Edaville R. R." Found- ing of the cooperatives, American Cranberry Exchange and Cranberry Canners, Inc., is briefly discussed, and the article ends with, "the cranberry is thinking of a million- barrel crop." FORTUNE STORY Post-War Berries to England The vital interest of Lemuel C. Hall in the cranberry industry and its welfare will be long remem- bered by his many cranberry friends. ARTHUR D. BENSON, Mgr. N. E. Cranberry Sales Co. For me another living landmark has been removed from Cape Cod Fortune, October issue publish- ed a factural and very interesting article, "Cape Cod Cranberries," with a full dozen of fine color photographs. This artcile had been about a year in the making and was mentioned in CRANBERRIES last fall. Other cranberry areas were mentioned, but the sub-title is "A Traditionally American Fruit is the Business of Pilgrim Descendants," and the "Cape Cod Area" of Massachusetts is featur- ed. The Kodachromes include a large picking scene, mechanical pickers, gathering floats, process- ing, setting vines, sanding on ice, taking water samples (Dr. Berg- man and Raymond Morse), air- American Cranberry Exchange is releasing the good news that for the first time since 1938 the renewal of business relations with ci'anberry customers in London, England. On October 20th, ACE received by cable an order for 250 boxes at current prices. Space was obtained for shipment on the S. S. Acquitania, scheduled, to sail from New York, November 7th. Ship- ment was of the well-known "Hon- ker" brand. Cape Cod Late Howes. The London cable further indi- cated that additional berries were probably wanted,, and ACE was an- ticipating making weekly ship ments to the United Kingdom as long as berries were available. A speaker at the recent Institute of Cooperation at Purdue Uni- versity said: "A successful cooperative must be founded on mutual respect between its members; a willingness to share; the development of defin- ite skills; competent management; one vote to one member." OCZZDO New England Cranberry Sales Co. (The Fresh Cranberry Cooperative) 9 Station Street Middleboro, Mass. 7"weive Massachusetts ''Cranberry Queen" To Be Chosen At Second Harvest Festival Wareham American Legion Post and Auxiliary I s Sponsoring the Event at Wareham Town Hall, No- vember 29th. For the second time a "Cranber- ry Queen" is to be chosen at a cranberry harvest festival and dance at Memorial Town Hall, Wareham, Massachusetts, the event being sponsored by Wareham Post 220, American Legion and Auxiliary. This will be Friday evening, Nov. 29th. Besides choos- ing the queen there will be a guess- ing contest on the number of cran- berries contained in a cranberry measure, these to be on display in offices of Plymouth County Electric Company, Wareham, Onset, Buz- zards Bay and Marion. The most accurate estimater will receive a prize of $25.00. There will also be a door prize of $25.00. Entertainment will be furnished by "New England's Favorite Band", that of "Mat" and Art" Perry, who will appear in person. Head- line entertainers will also be Geor- gia May, "Radio's Sweetheart"; Stan Brown, "Wizard of the Ban- jo"; Barbara Davis, "Acrobatic Star of France". Girls eligible in the popularity contest for queen must not include last year's winner (Miss Patrica Jefferson, daughter of the West Wareham cranberry grower) and must be fourteen or older. Selectman Alton H. Worrall of Wareham is chairman of the gen- eral committee. Mrs. Henry Hawes of Wareham is secretary. Henry Hawes, past commander, is in charge of the souvenir program, assisted by Herbert A. Suddard, present post commander. Fi'ank Butler is in charge of the guessing contest. Mrs. Clifford Collins is the general chairman of the queen committee. Mrs. Clifton Keyes, tickets, balloting committee chair- man, Myron Baxter; refreshments, John Maddigan; publicity chair- man. Dexter Round. CANADIAN BOGS This fall Les Producteurs de Quebec, Ltd., on its bog near Drummondsville, Province of Que- bec, Canada, harvested, 185 barrels SECOND ANNUAL CRANBERRY Harvest Festival and Dance Sponsored by Wareham Post No. 220 American Legion and Auxiliary MEMORIAL TOWN HALL Wareham, Mass. Friday Evening, Nov. 29, 1946 — 8:00 P. M. Massachusetts "CRANBERRY QUEEN" Will be Chosen and Crowned New England's Favorite Band "NAT" AND ART PERRY (in person) Other Headline Entertainers $25.00 Door Prize $25.00 Cranberry Guessing Contest Admission $1.00, Tax .20^ — total $1.20 of Early Blacks, and 125 barrels of Howes. Last year production was 110. Charles Larocque, president of the company writes the property has not nearly reached full produc- tion, and the 125 bbls. of Howes were picked on only 2% acres. He says that when present plantings come into full harvest the expecta- tion will be for around 1,000 bbls. No progress, however, was made toward developing the natural bog at Sturgeon Falls in Ontario Prov- ince. There was a crop of native berries, but these were scattered, and it was decided the picking would not justify the expense. Nor- man Vincent, president of Maxson Food Systems, Ltd., interested in the development of this property, says it is hoped a start will be made next year. The Market (Continued from Page 5) opening prices on Late Howes were issued, these ranging from 19.25 to $9.50 a quarter, which was the range price maintained. NCA announced its opening on fresh Eastern Late Howes on the 26th at $9.25 a quarter and $9.65 cellophane packed, and $10.00 a quarter for fresh Pacific Coast berries. Largely, it appears ACE has held to fresh fruit sales, though processing berries in Massachu- setts, Wisconsin and New Jersey to indepenAent processors and NCA; in the greater part to Stokely-Van Camps to the plants at Horicon, Wisconsin and New Btedford in Massachusetts. NCA has concen- trated on the processed. What pro- portion of ACE crop was processed is not announced yet nor NCA sold fresh. It was relatively low per- cent in either case, it is understood. ONLY s11 00 AEROIL PRODUCTS CO,| 5777 Park Ave. WEST NEW YORK, N. J. Thirteen Materials Are STILL Hard To Get The pace keeps up ! We want to give all our customers the best service we possibly can. To enable us to do so you must bear in mind we have delays in getting our materials and supplies, and ordering well in advance helps us to give you this sat- isfactory service. HAYDEN SEPARATOR MANUFACTURING CO. E. C. St. Jacques WAREHAM, MASS. in spite of some reports that both co-ops were venturing far out of their original fields. Wisconsins were opened the first week in October by ACE at $8 a quarter, $32 a bbl., with a few extra fancies bringing $8.25. Wisconsin's crop was quickly disposed of. The demand, for canned sauce was stated at NCA headquarters on October 31 to be "terrific". It was said co-op could dispose of 7,000,000 cases if that quantity of cranberries could be obtained over the hoped,-for pack of 4,000,000 cases. The statement was continued that sauce has disappeared "like hot-cakes," as fast as it could be placed in the hands of retailers. It was felt the plentiful supply of turkeys, plenty of chicken and con- sumer demand, for cranberry sauce with other meats, and in various ways built up, was paying divi- dends. Canning has for some years past been increasingly important. It is recognized that the pack of inde- pendent processors has been a very major factor in the crop dis- posal all season. This pack will bulk large this year. All season there has been a fe- verish intensity of demand for cranberries, with resultant con- stant upward pressure upon the price level. Early Blacks by the first of October were in some in- stances being sold for as high as $8.00 a quarter. Prices for canning stock rose stestdily, well in October. Fourtem Sweden Library- Requests Copy of Cranberries A request for information con- cerning CRANBERRIES Magazine has come in from one more foreign country, Sweden. The request is from the Library of the Agricul- tural College of Sweden, Uppsola. The Crop (Continued from Page 5) Bog at East Wareham, where on 12% acres prod.uction was 1250 bbls. 100 to the acre on the nose. HCape County Up — Barnstable County came in with larger pro- duction. While there seems no way of getting exact figures on Cape proper harvest, best opinion is that about 75,000 bbls. were picked east of the Canal. TIMost Beautiful Fall Ever— As to weather conditions nobody can remember anything like it before. Day after day of sunshine from Labor Day on. Southeastern Mas- sachusetts enjoyed a second sum- mer in the fall. October tempera- tures for Boston were the highest in fifteen years, the rainfall was the least in 22. Temperatures were around the 80s for the last two days of the month. September rain- fall recorded at State Bog had been but 1.10 inches and October only l.g4. Hours of sunshine were oppo- sitely high. To the end of Septem- ber there had been a total of 2087 hours, 26 minutes since January 1. Average amount of sunshine hours to end of October in any year is 2282 hours. Amount of sunshine hours to the end of October, 1946 is 2437 hours and 1 minute. Actual sunshine hours for Octo- ber was 250 hours, 49 minutes. TlHelped '47 Prospect — On tha last day of October, Dr. Franklin said the crop prospects for 1947. speaking from the viewpoint ofl sunshine, were definitely better than those of a year ago for tiie 1946 production. ITPoor Bud Showing? — Looking at the situation from another angle. Dr. Bergman who has been observing a number of bogs for fall buds, said the prospect definite- ly did not look good, judging from the few bogs he had visited. In fact, in all his experience he said he had never seen such poor bud formation as far as his obsei-va- tions had extend.ed. He said the| set on few bogs was better than 50 percent and with many under that It was his impression that the counti should run 90 or better to give a{ good prospect. Usually there more than enough formation il Massachusetts to give adequai promise. He said it appeared to him thi poor bud. formation may be due to tip worm damage, as there was 8 We are "All Set" to serve Massachusetts Growers * WITH ANY JOB OF BOG RENOVATION. * NEW BOG CONSTRUCTION * BOG MAINTENANCE We have Power Shovels (3) ; Tractor Bulldozers (3) ; Cranes, Scrapers, 90- Yard Screener; Power Winches, Draggers; Road Grader — 30 competent Oper- ators and employes— AND THE NECESSARY EXPERIENCE AND KNOW- HOW. E. T. Cault Transportation Co. Pranconia Service Station Freight Transportation (including cranberries in season). Heavy equipment hauling. Tires, Tubes, Batteries, Auto and Truck Re- Tel. 227 pairing and Greasing. Jenney Gasoline and Franconia Coal Co. Water- White Kerosene for Weed Control this spring. Tel. 39-R Motor Oils. Distributors for MACK and INTERNATIONAL TRUCKS Tel. 39-R GAULT CONSTRUCTION COMPANY "EDDIE" T. GAULT, JR. Main St., Wareham, Mass. Tel. 227 Announcement to Growers We Will Again, as Last Fall, Be in The Market For Cranberries STOKELY FOODS, INC. NEW BEDFORD, MASSACHUSETTS Tel. N. B. 5-7473 THE CAPE COD COMPANY PLYMOUTH, MASSACHUSETTS Tel. Plymouth 123 Fifteen heavy infestation this^ year.- TlWater Lower — With this two- months' spell of very dry weather, streams, reservoirs and ponds were definitely lowering. There appear- ed to be no apprehension on the part of growers however, regard- ing winter flooding water, at least up to the first of November. WISCONSIN llCrop Bigger — At end of season Vernon Goldsworthy was feeling the crop may have exceeded Gov- ernment estimate of 128,000 bar- rels and have been upped toward 140,000. 111947 Bud— For the first time in several years, Goldsworthy was not cheerful about the look of ter- minal bud for the crop of 1947. He said the bud did not look good to him. WEST COAST ^Estimate About Right— With harvesting finishing about the first of November the prospects were that Government estimates would be approximately met. There was apparently an und,errun in the Grayland district, but there were overruns at both Long Beach area and at Bandon in Southern Oregon. The belief, however, was that these variations would just about offset each other, leaving the total as anticipated. There was less labor shortage than in the recent war years. An eight-day spell of rain did cause a delay, but otherwise the harvest went generally in sat- isfactory fashion. NEW JERSEY It has been an unusual autumn, with almost no frosts cold enough to damage the berries. On the nights of October 13 and 14 the temperatures went down to 22 and 24 degrees respectively, but only late hardier varieties remained un- picked so that damage was ex- tremely slight, if any. There have been no killing frosts at all on the uplands so that very tender crops such as beans and peppers are still being picked in backyard gardens at least. October has been very dry with Sixteen only 1.09 inches of rain, or 2.37 inches below normal. Lf there had been more frosts this lack of rain would, have been felt a good deal more than it has been. The average mean temperature was 55.7 degrees, which is 2.2 de- grees above normal. With this warm, dry weather harvesting con- ditions were almost ideal. This, combined with the fact that labor is somewhat easier, found almost all of the crop off by mid-October and with the exception of floaters all of the crop was off the bogs by the end of the month. Even though the crop estimate was increased to 77,000 barrels, many growers are still of the opin- ion that New Jersey is under-rated and will go at least to 80,000 bar- rels or slightly better. Whether it does or not, thex'e have been no "kicks" about prices or demand. The prices might even give a little stimulation to the industry here, although it is hoped this will be productive rather than speculative. CRANBERRIES Packed for PLYMOUTH - MASSACHUSETTS by Stokely'5 FrNEST FOODS NEW BEDFORD - MASSACHUSETTS Government Oct. 14 Release Massachusetts Cranberry Crop 550,000 Barrels With Early Blacks largely har- vested conditions on October 1 in- licated a 1946 cranberry crop in Massachusetts totaling 550,000 barrels. This total compares with 535,000 barrels the August esti- mate, 478,000 barrels harvested in 1945 and 409,700 barrels the ten year average production. On some bogs somewhate larger crops are being harvested than expected prior to hai-vest. Und.er favorable weather conditions the harvest pro- gressed satisfactorily during Sep- tember, and little or no damage from frost was incurred On most bogs berries are medium in size although large berries are reported in some instances. Fruit worm damage was very light again this year, quality and keeping prospects are generally reported as good. Crops on dry bogs were better than usual this season. New Jersey 77,000 The New Jersey crop is now esti- mated at 77,000 barrels — 57 per- cent more than the short crop of last year, but 12 percent below av- erage Many bogs are showing a heavier production than estimated earlier in the season. Harvest was well along by October 1 and should be completed by mid.-October. Ber- ries are of good quality and of me- dium to large size with a much lower than usual percentage of small sizes. Wisconsin 128,000 Wisconsin cranberry production estimated at 128,000 barrels is the largest of record and compares with 82,000 barrels in 1945 and the average of 97,000 barrels. The crop is being harvested, under favorable weather conditions. Berries are of good quality. suming public. This advertising is beginning to hit its postwar stride. "Independent" advertising is helping to swell the amount of space this fall used to develop the buying of cranberries. Two of these noted recently have been: "Conway's Whole Berry Cranberry Sauce" and "Vine Ripened Cran- berries", direct to the consumer from Paradise Meadow Bogs of Inland Cranberry Company, Inc., Attleboro, Mass. ADVERTISING OF CRANBERRIES National Cranberry Association and American Cranberry Exchange are carrying on the good work of advertising cranberries to the con- Attention Bog Owners Why Not Subscribe to CRANBERRIES Magazine for your Foreman? It would be a Good Business Investment Call JTeter jt\.% -Lie 1^ age PLYMOUTH Tel. 740 Peter A. LeSage Distributor of Cape Cod Cranberries YARMOUTH Tel. Barnstable 107 Seventeen GOVERNMENT ESTIMATE Oregon cranberry production, es- timated at 13,900 barrels, is the largest of record, and compares with 11,400 barrels last season and the average of 8,060 barrels. Har- vest had become general by Octo- ber 1. The greater part of the crop is expected to move to processors again this season. SUE A. PITMAN GUEST OF MASS. COMMISSIONER IN BROADCAST Massachusetts Commissioner of Agriculture Frederick E. Cole broadcast from Station WNAC, Boston, October 7th with Sue A. Pitman, New England Cranberry Sales Company as guest, using cranberries as his topic. Commis- sioner Cole sketched the history of cranberries from 1620, said they were used by the Indians before that and beyond, a doubt were grow- ing when Columbus discovered America. "Cranberries", he said, "are deeply steeped in American history and tradition and can truly be called the oldest fruit in Amer- ica." Miss Pitman, in a dialogue, em- phasized the women's side of the industry. She said not only were women home canning and preserv- ing, but were helping in the grow- Rain When You Want It RAIN BIRD SPRINKLERS For Cranberry Frost Protection and Irrigation Rain Bird Sprinkling systems do the job you want them to do, when you want it. All working parts are accessible and fool proof. Oscillator arm breaks up stream to give maximum benefit. Consult Rain Bird engineering department for advice on your irrigation problems. For complete information on Rain Bird Sprinkling Systems, write, For the East and Midwest L. R. NELSON MFG. CO. Peoria, Illinois *** JOSEPH BRECK & SONS 85 State Street Boston, Mass. On the Pacific Coast R. M. WADE and CO. Portland, Oregon • «*, OREGON CULVERT CO. Portland, Oregon RAIN BIRD SPRINKLER MFG. CO. GLENDORA, CALIF. ers' packing houses, and "cran- berry wives" were just as proud of cranberries as were their husbands. "Cranberry bogs, like children, are a family responsibility and, like children, they sometimes mean per- sonal sacrifices, especially in the fall." She told how to select the best fresh berries, "good color with luster — not dull, and dry, hard, firm berries and not too big." In concluding, Mr. Cole said cranberry growers had taken a decided step forward in initiating a survey of the industry. He said the State Department of Agricul- ture has been delegated by the Legislature to handle and analyze the results, which will have as its purpose an up-to-the-minute check- up on current conditions. Empha- sis in particular will be placed up- on trends, he said, so that growers can look into the post-war period with a much closer knowledge ofl their business, including the num- ber of acres by varieties, the all- important amount of water protec- tion, and marketing ti'ends. In thia survey he said the state would' work very closely with official rep- resentatives of the growers. PICKERS IN MASS. Mechanical cranberry pickers did not play a very important pai't in the harvesting of the crop in Mas- sachusetts, although pickers were at work, perhaps casting before them the shadow of coming har- vests. A few were picked by the Crandon-Leonard machine, demon Attention Cranberry Growers ! ! We have Drain Pipe Large Sized Terra Cotta Makes a Permanent Installation RALPH W. ELLIOT Sandwich Rd., Wareham, Mass. Tel. Wareham 794 Mail Address: Buzzards Bay, RFD Plumbing and Heating Service Eighteen This Year We Plan to Pack 50,000 bbls. of Cranberries Next year we will pack even more! If you are a Cranberry grower with an eye out for a future of friendly and profitable dealing get in touch with us ! We are buying all available cranberries RIGHT NOW ! Whether your crop is large or smalL___we're interested___and we pay the highest cash prices! We have no stock to sell. . . We charge no commission. We are equipped to handle floats, supply boxes, screen your berries and call for your crop ! We are an independent industry, not connected with any combine. We are located on West Main street in Hyannis, where our modern, up- to-date plant processes 500 barrels of cranberries every day. If you have a cranberry crop, contact us — you'll like the way we do business ! Call in person or telephone Hyannis 1250, 1251, or 1252. This well-known label reaches every corner of the United States, with national distribution. Clifton's Cranberry Sauce is different from any other — has richer flavor and greater appeal to the consumer. Nineteen Membership in the financially sound and aggressive forty year old 100 per cent cooperative, the Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company, assured the growers not only these benefits, but many more. 1. National distribution of all his berries suitable for the fresh fruit market under the world-famous "Eatmor" label, thus assuring the grower the highest possible price for his quality fruit and assuring the grower who has the highest quality fruit a price differential to which he is entitled. 2. Not one, but three outlets for all his processing ber- ries, thus guarding the grower against any disaster. 3. Maximum competent service for all growers' cultural and practical problems in growing, harvesting and marketing of his crop, which is obtainable through no other organization in Wisconsin except through membership in the Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company. 4. The purchase of all growers' supplies at the lowest possible cost and at a price that is much less than the grower can obtain his supplies anywhere else. 5. Availability of special services such as income tax re- ports, vine inspections, laying out and developing of new or old marshes, information on pumps, spraying programs, and many other specialized services available only through mem- bership in the Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company. One member one vote, which is the same principle as that on which the Constitution of the United States is founded and which has so successfully governed the United States ever since it was founded— absolute equality to all growers, whether large or small — no favoritism to any grower, no matter what volume of production. Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin Twenty strated at the State Bog at the Cape Association annual meeting, some by George Pass (also demon- strated at meeting) who developed the machine in conjunction with New England Cranberry Sales Company; by Antone Lenari, Man- omet, and possibly others. These were the new pickers, while on several bogs the old Tor- geson-Matthews machines, devel- oped at the time of the First World War, harvested some berries, as they have every year. E. D. At- wood, Paul N. Thompson, Russell A. Trufant (self -remodeled Mat- thews), were among those using these machines and have found them still worth using. Mr. Pass has continued develop- ing his picker, while Mr. Crandon said he had found there was defi- nitely room for improvement in his, and on November first started to work on major changes. "I'm going to keep on trying", he said. It's fun, and a picker will event- ually come out. If I don't get it, somebody else will." NCA "OPEN HOUSE" National Cranberry Association Iheld two "Open Houses", Oct. 12 at Onset and Oct. 26 at Hanson — remarkable for the interest in jcranberry processing shown by jgrowers and the general public. At Onset there were approximate- ly 1800 visitors, while at the main plant there were approximately 3,000. Refreshments, featuring cranberry products, were served at >oth. IRRIGATION for Cranberries and All Other Purposes SKINNER SYSTEM ) of IRRIGATION 1 Brookline, Mass. i Established 30 years AVAILABLE - - For Immediate Delivery ONE BROOKVILLE LOCOMOTIVE ALSO A PEW USED CARS Get Your Order in for Spring Delivery on New Equipment R. A. TRTTPANT North Carver, Massachusetts For over forty years our management has been engaged in the distribution of CAPE COD Cran- berries. A small factor in the deal, yes — but a significant one to those Growers we serve. "CoUey Cranberry Company" Plymouth, Mass. Office 17 Court Street Telephone Plymouth 1622 Rain when you want it! RAIN BIRD SPRINKLERS The outstanding performanQe of RAIN BIRD sprinklers for portable pipe irrigation systems has brought them great popularity among farmers. These sprinklers will out perform others because there_ is nothing in the interior to interrupt flow of water. All working parts are on the outside, always accessible and foolproof and the oscillator arm breaks up the stream like nothing you have seen before. No. 20— Vi" conn. Sprinkles to 80 ft. dia. with W. P. 40 lbs. Cap. 2 to 9 G. P. M. Head only |3.00. No. 40—%" conn. Sprinkles to 115 ft. dia. with W. P. 50 lbs. Cap. 5 to 26 G. P. M. Head only $6.00. No. 70—%" or 1" conn. Sprinkles to 150 ft. dia. with W. P. 75 lbs. Cap. 12 to 49 G. P. M. Head only $8.00 BRECK'S 85 STATE STREET, BOSTON, MASS. Twenty-one Chaney Host To Wisconsin Sales Company The largest attendance ever, 150, was present at the annual fall meeting of Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company, Thursday, Octobei Statement of the Ownership, Manage- ment, Circulation, etc., required by the Acts of Congress of August 24, 1912, and March 3, 1933 Of CRANBERRIES, the National Cran- berry Magazine, published monthly at Wareham, Massachusetts, for September 1946. State of Massachusetts, County of Plymouth, ss. Before me, a Notary Public in and for the State and county aforesaid, person- ally appeared Clarence J. Hall, who, hav- ing been duly sworn according to law, deposes and sayB that he is the owner of CRANBERRIES, and that the follow- ing is, to the best of his knowledge and belief, a true statement of the owner- ship, management of the aforesaid pub- lication for the date of the above caption, required by the Act of August 24, 1912, as amended by the Act of March 3. 1933, embodied in section 537, Postal Laws and Regulations, to wit: 1. That the names and addresses of the publisher, editor, managring editor, and business managers are : Publisher — Clarence J. Hall, Wareham, Mass. Editor — Clarence J. Hall, Ware- ham, Mass, Managing Editor — Clarence J. Hall, Wareham, Mass. Business Man- eger — Clarence J. Hall, Wareham, Mass. 2. That the owner is: Clarence J. Hall, Wareham, Mass. 3. That the known bondholders, mortgagees, and other security holders owning or holding 1 per cent or more of total amount of bonds, mortgages, or other securities are : None. CLARENCE J. HALL. Sworn to and subscribed before me, this 27th day of September, 1946. (Seal) BARTLETT E. CUSHING. (My commission expires April 15, 1949) BimRIRRIGAnOU LISS for Form, Oi ^ ^ and quickly n^ HMvy duty l|v)| for long r (rir. 10 day money bock trial oUei.l MonL shipa ol once. 4 goL weldodi Bloel tank. T hoie, aoamleu stooll romovablo coil bumet; ^naion-r yooT. SOOJ)00 in u»e. Ssnd lQr| FKEE illuslraled bulletin. S1100 AEROIL PRODUCTS CO. ONLY '22' 5777 Park Ave. WEST NEW YORK, N. Seventeen May the Bells of Christmas Ring With Good Cheer for Our Friends and Patrons Throughout the Industry. HAYDEN SEPARATOR MANUFACTURING CO. E. C. St. Jacques WAREHAM, MASS. than a hundred Massachusetts cran- berry bogs. Since those were the days of restricted gasoline, let me add that I was not merely "visit- ing." Actually tests were made on many cranberry reservoirs and other water supplies. The results will be published by the Massachu- setts Expermient Station. Comparisons between 1915 and 1945, at least those that stick in my memory, relate chiefly to the handling of the fruit. Many of the berries at that time still went over wooden screens and all but a very small fraction went into barrels. Barrel labels have now become so rare as to be collected and de- posited in the Middleboro Public Library. Barrels and wood.en sceens will soon be sold as antiques, as will the blue carts in which some of the barrels were then hauled. In comparing 1930 with 1945, one thing that surprised me most was the number of new growers since 1930. I gathered no statistics on the subjects, but I have the dis- tinct impression that their number is fairly large. While their individ- ual holdings are in some cases not large, they must together consti- tute an important fraction of the crop. Many of these new growers have come into the business from the outside rather than having grown up in it. Of course there are also a good many second and third generation cranberry growers on Cape Cod. Working in Wisconsin during the Eighteen summers of 1937-1944, I felt at times like my own grandfather. Nearly a dozen of the cranberry growers with whom I worked were grandsons of men whom I had known twenty years earlier. A second, notable change, and this again is an impression not backed by any figures, is that Cape Cod growers are now giving very much more attention to pest con- trol than they did fifteen ye irs ago. More actual control work is being done by the growers them- selves. The competent services of specialists is also being furnished by central agencies to growers who do not have their own equipment. This is important. More important, however, is the fact that much more, perhaps ten times as niuch time and attention is now given to determining the need for control measures and the appropriate time for applying these measures. False Blossom was, of course, one thing that I watched with much interest in 1945. My impression is that the actual amount of the di- sease is considerably greater than it was in 1930. I am sure than many — perhaps most — of those interested in the subject in Massa- chusetts, wuold disagree with me. They may be right and I hope they are.- The important point is one on which we must all agree — there is very much less false blos- som than there would have been had its rate of spread not been checked. Indeed the control of false blossom on Massachusetts cranber- ries is one of the very brightest chapters in the history of plant pathology in the United tSates. Virus diseases have proved notori- ously hard to control. This then is a conspicuous exception. I can write this with good grace because the proof that the disease is carried by a leaf hopper was made by Dr. Irene Dobroscky. The control of the insect was worked out by Dr. Franklin and the growers did the rest. Corn vs. Cranberries Field work on cranberry prob- lems is in my opinion good fun. It has, however, one disadvantage. It ruins one for any other work in applied plant pathology. No where else is one likely to find such pleas- ant surroundings, so wid,e a range of possibilities or as good coop- eration. I spent three years on corn diseases and quit because I did not seem to be getting anywhere. There seemed to be very little I could do. It didn't help much to knovv that corn is the basis of our Amer- ican economy or that the national corn crop has a cash value of more than 200 times that of the cran- berry crop, and an acreage 3500 times as great. The value per acre is so very much smaller that there is less room for change in methods. One of my students did remark two years ago after looking up some of my papers that it must seem to me that I had wasted my life working on such a minor crop. We are "All Set" to serve Massachusetts Growers * WITH ANY JOB OF BOG RENOVATION. * NEW BOG CONSTRUCTION * BOG MAINTENANCE We have Power Shovels (3) ; Tractor Bulldozers (3) ; Cranes, Scrapers, 90- Yard Screener; Power Winches, Draggers; Road Grader — 30 competent Oper- ators and employes— AND THE NECESSARY EXPERIENCE AND KNOW- HOW. E. T. Cault Transportation Co. Franconia Service Station Freight Transportation (including cranberries in season). Heavy equipment hauling. Tel. 227 Franconia Coal Co. Water- White Kerosene for Weed Control this spring. Tel. 39-R Tires, Tubes, Batteries, Auto and Truck Re- pairing and Greasing. Jenney Gasoline and Motor Oils. Distributors for MACK ant INTERNATIONAL TRUCKS Tel. 39-R CAULT CONSTRUCTION COMPANY Main St., Wareham, Mass. "EDDIE" T. GAULT, JR. Tel. 227 i Christmas Greetings As her bell peals cheerily with glad tidings, and her light shines over the miles to you, "Old No. 7", the histor- ical engine of the Edaville Railroad, brings to you a train- load of our best wishes for a Happy nd a Prosperous Holiday Season. Very sincerely yours, ELTHEA and ELLIS D. ATWOOD, South Carver, Mass. ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^>^^ Nineteen The University of Illinois, you will remember, is in the corn belt. Why Eel Grass? In view of what I have written above regarding the interest cran- berry problems hold, why did I spend so much of last summer wad- ing in oyster beds and sand bars of upper Buzzards Bay looking for eel grass? There are several rea- sons. Photographs of six reasons appear on the front of the August number of CRANBERRIES. (Edi- tor's Note: Dr. Stevens reference is to the group photo of Cranberry Station Staff, East Wareham, Mass.) With all that good man power and brain power available, cranberry problems will be well studied. On the other hand so far as I can learn there are, in the entire world, only two or three people who are interested in study- ing eel grass, yet it has suffered from one of the most devastating epidemics ever recorded. In 1931-32, eel grass was almost destroyed, on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean. It was formerly abundant in shal- low bays all the way from North Carolina to Laborador and from Portugal to Scandinavia. The so- called wasting disease destroyed, more than 99% of it in the years mentioned. Eel grass is coming back and the rate and method of its return should make an interest- ing story. If we could, discover the reasons for its return, it would be a real addition to our knowledge. DR. CHANDLER AND AGENT BEATTIE IN BOSTON BROADCAST Dr. Frederick B. Chandler was guest speaker with Plymouth Coun- ty Agent J. Richard Beattie over radio station WHDH, Boston, Mon- day, November 25, at 12.30 p. m., subject, "Cranberries". They traced the history of cranberries from the time Indians gathered them in pre-Pilgrim days up to their present important position in New England agriculture, cranber- ries now being the leading export crop of that section. In Massa- chusetts, cranberries, the discus- sion of Chandler and Beattie brought out, have a higher cash value than all other fruits com- bined, even with the tobacco crop thrown in. Plymouth County rated 56th in more than 3,000 counties in the United States, largely because of the cranberry production there. They recalled the part cranber- ries played in the war, and said that of all dehydrated foods, cran- berries were probably by far the most popular. This broadcast, just prior to Thanksgiving, was tied in with that traditional New England holiday. PACIFIC COAST VISITORS D. J. Crowley, director Washing- ton Cranberry-Blueberry Experi- ment Station, Long Beach, hopes to visit Wisconsin, Massachusetts and New Jersey in 1947. His pres- ent contemplation is for a visit in August, when berries are on the vines. Another visitor from the Pacific Coast, but in the nearer future, may be Joseph Stankavich, who plans to cover the three areas also. He has colored movies of a picker he has recently developed, and about which CRANBERRIES is shortly to run an article. 5. eason s Greetings PLYMOUTH - MASSACHUSETTS Stokely's . FINEST FOODS NEW BEDFORD - MASSACHUSETTS Twenty FRESH FROM THE FIELDS By C J. H. An unusual aspect of this end of the 1946 season, as the "smoke of battle" of the harvest has cleared away, is that in all three of the major producing areas bud forma- tion for 1947 production seems definitely questionable. Vernon Goldsworthy has said that to him Wisconsin bud seems poor, C. A. Doehlert has reported the poor ap- pearance of the Jersey bud is caus- ing comment, while in Massachu- setts Dr. Bergman (from a limited observation made before he went to Massachusetts State College at Amherst for the winter season) declared he had "never seen such a poor bud formation". Massachu- setts growers are concurring in a questioning of the bud, and Dr. Franklin says the situation "is worth consideration." Tip worm may be the culprit in both Massa- chusetts and Jersey, at least. After such a heavy cropping as this fall, a lack of vitality could be expected to show up as concerns a big crop next year, but the bud situation seems to be different. MASSACHUSETTS The sunshine factor remained abnormally high and the outlook for another year in that respect continues very favorably. Dr. Franklin, however, has received re- ports of a poorer bud formation and has personally observed this. Without committing himself to any statement, he said the bud situa- tion could at least be given con- sideration. He would concur in the opinion of others that tip worm damage is most responsible for the poorer bud formation. In answer to a question, he said the excessive rains of last August could conceiv- ably have had adverse influence. The bud showing upon bogs which threw excellent crops is de- cidedly "off" this fall on many properties, growers feel. Still No Rainfall November was the third succes- sive month in which rainfall was at a most unusual minimum. There has simply been no rain to speak of in Massachusetts since Septem- ber began. Precipitation recorded at State Bog for November was only .98 inches. October had brought only 1.24 and September 1.10 inches respectively. As the natural consequence, water supplies are low, but perhaps not quite as low as might be ex- pected. August's rain excess has held up the table. Ponds are fairly high, but water is low in reser- voirs. Unless there is replenish- ment many growers, including CRANBERRY GROWERS WATCH US! FROM NOW ON WE HAVE SOMETHING INTERESTING FOR YOU AIRBORNE SPRAYER, INC. 20 Mill Street Arlington, Mass. Arlington 0128-J JOYEUX NOEL To Everyone! The Greeting is brief, but it comes from the heart — Joy for 1947. PLYMOUTH Peter A. LeSage Distributor of Cape Cod Cranberries YARMOUTH Twenty-one many larger ones, who depend up- on reservoirs to put on the winter flow between now and Christmas may be in for some trouble. There has not yet been much apprehen- sion voiced up to December first regarding this problem, but it is there, and growers well remember . the disastrous winterkill of a cou- ple of years back. Could Be Immediate Frost Injury With the excessive sunshine and a much warmer fall than normal, there could be another danger which might strike Massachusetts bogs prior to winter coverage. That could be a frost injury to the buds, which have been pushed along to a beyond normal extent for this period of the winter. Dr. Franklin has pointed out a sudden and se- vere temperature drop on unpro- tected vines could cause this frost injury, which would not be "win- terkill" as the term is used, even though damage would be a cold weather injury. A lot of after-harvest work has been done on the bogs. With the warm weather prevailing the ground has not become hardened, rain has not hampered. The amount of sanding, raking, etc., has been very considerable. Renovation has made much progress on bogs which during the war years were ne- Rain When You Want It RAIN BIRD SPRINKLERS For Cranberry Frost Protection and Irrigation Rain Bird Sprinkling systems do the job you want them to do, when you want it. All working parts are accessible and fool proof. Oscillator arm breaks up stream to give maximum benefit. Consult Rain Bird engineering department for advice on your irrigation problems. For complete information on Rain Bird Sprinkling Systems, write, For the East and Midwest L. R. NELSON MFG. CO. Peoria, Illinois **« JOSEPH BRECK & SONS 85 State Street Boston, Mass. On the Pacific Coast R. M. WADE and CO. Portland, Oregon OREGON CULVERT CO. Portland, Oregon RAIN BIRD SPRINKLER MFG. CO. GLENDORA, CALIF. glected. Some new bog land area has been developed in areas around prewar bogs not previously utilized and some distinctly new area has been developed. December Brings Sudden Cold On December 2nd this situation of possibility of frost injury did present itself. On the first day of December temperature had been 58 at the State Bog; the following morning it was 20, and continued to drop during the day and night until on the morning of the 3rd it was dowTi to 8, and probably 6 on some bogs. Dr. Franklin said he believed there had been no injury, particularly as there had been a slight fall of snow which would have helped some. The temper- ature was still not down enough to injure, in his opinion. Some growers began pumping water on the 2nd. NEW JERSEY The latest official government estimate of the New Jersey cran- berry crop is 78,000 barrels. This is pretty close to the 80,000 bar- rels many of the growers antic- ipated back in August when the government forecast only 73,000 barrels. Another Dry Month November has been another dry month. Rainfall at Pemberton was only 1.78 inches which is 1.45 inches below normal. This makes (Continued on Page 24) Grossman's On Cape Cod "EVERYTHING TO BUILD WITH" Opposite R. R. Station Sagamore, Mass. 778 Tels. Sagamore 779 Twenty-two BEST WISHES FOR A ^errg €^I|rfetttta0 from THEODORE E. CLIFTON... To which I wish to add my personal thanks for the cordial relations I have enjoyed with many of you. May I introduce myself to those with whom I am not acquainted? I am an independent Cranberry Sauce packer, not connected with any combine. I own and operate a modern, up-to-date plant on Cape Cod, in Hyannis, the heart of the cranberry belt. My plant has a capacity of 300 to 500 barrels daily, and my product, sold and adver- tised under the name of Clifton's Cranberry Sauce, reaches every corner of the United States. I intend to keep going forward in the Cranberry field, and I believe that, working together, we can overcome the sea- sonal angle of our business and promote Cranberry Sauce as a year round item, with results both pleasant and profitable to us all. Clifton's Cape Cod Farms HYANNIS, MASS. Fresh from the Fields (Continued from Page 22) an accumulated deficiency of 6.88 inches for the months of August, September, October and November. Streams and reservoirs have held up fairly well and little trouble from lack of vvfater is expected when the winter flood goes on. This may be due to the fact that very little water was needed for frost reflows this fall. Temperatures for the month at Pemberton averaged 49.9, which is less than one degree above normal. The first killing frost on the up- lands this season was on the morn- ing of November 6th, which is more than two weeks later than normal. The coldest temperature To our faithful friends and our cherished new ones throughout the cranberry industry, we extend sincere Christmas Greetings and Good Wishes for 1947. JOHN POWELL & CO., INC. One Park Avenue, New York 16, N. Y. A VERY REAL WISH FOR VERY REAL FRIENDS— OUR LOYAL CUSTOMERS. MAY 1946 BRING YOU JOY AND THE BLESSING OF PROSPERITY. FROST INSECTICIDE CO. ARLINGTON, MASS. was on the morning of the 16th, when it was 19 degrees at the lab- oratory. Highest temperature was 75 degrees on the 26th. Association Meeting Jan. 25 The Executive Committee of the American Cranberry Growers' As- sociation met at the Cranberry and Blueberry Research Laboratory on November 15 to formulate plans for the 77th Annual Meeting which is to be held as usual on the last Saturday in January at the Walt Whitman Hotel in Camden. This will be January 25, 1947. The meeting will start at 10.30 a. m., and luncheon will be sei-ved about 1 p. m. Bud Not Good Several of the growers have commented on the apparently poor percentage of fruit buds formed on cranberries this fall. Whether this is due to a generally heavy tip- worm infestation, or unfavorable weather, or both, is not known. On November 21, W. E. Tomlin- son, Jr., of the Cranberry and Blue- berry Research Laboratory, attend- ed the Eastern Branch Meeting of the American Association of Eco- nomic Entomologists at Baltimore to get a slant on the latest devel- opments in the insecticide field. New Jersey's one voting dele- gate to the American Farm Bureau Federations' 28th Annual meeting at San Francisco on December 10- 12, will be a cranberry grower. Isaiah Haines, Whitesbog's able and genial manager, has received this honor this year. Leaving No- vember 30, he will be gone for three weeks. Blueberries That annual chore, blueberry pruning, is now in full swing in South Jersey. Leaves stayed on the bushes somewhat later than normal, due to warm weather late in the season, which delayed the start of this operation some. Weather has been almost ideal, however, since it started so that very rapid progress is now being- made. To familiarize the growers with the hows and whys of pruning, a blueberry pruning demonstration was held at the field of George Campanella at Hammonton on No- vember 21 under the direction of C. A. Doehlert of the Cranberry Twenty-four and Blueberry Laboratory. Anoth- er demonstration is to be held at the field of Mrs. Alma Claflin in Pemberton on December 12th. The Hammonton demonstration was arranged by John Brockett, Atlantic County Frm Demonstra- tion Agent, and the Pemberton event is being organized by Daniel Kensler, Agent for Burlington County. There has been more blueberry bloom this fall than us- ual. A certain amount of this sec- ond bloom is seen every year on scattered bushes or branches, but this year it has been quite general on early varieties. Some growers have even reported picking several handfuls of ripe fruit from this second crop. Most of this bloom and fruit setting has been on young plants so that any sharp reduction in next year's crop prospects from this cause is not anticipated. As the bushes become older and more fully established this tendency to produce a second crop will dimin- ish, so that the development of an "everbearing" blueberry is not ex- pected in the near future at least. On October 16, C. A. Doehlert was guest speaker on Don Lerch's WEAF program, "The Modern Farmer." The topic was "Cran- berries and Cranberry Growing." WISCONSIN The last car of Sales Co. berries was shipped on November 2nd to wind up the most successful season the Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company and the growers of the Badger State have ever known. The Sales Company had taken over the job of providing all labor for its grower members to harvest the crop. Gary Getzin was in charge of the general setup and the office of Manager C. D. Hammond, Jr., carried on the dispersing of the labor. The office secretary, Miss Marjorie Schmidt, allocated the help to the growers as needed. The system worked so well the Sales Co. says it turned away help early in the season. Sales Co. is estimating the total state production at 145,000 barrels, as per the Government estimate — which is, of course, the largest Wisconsin production to be ob- tained yet. The Sales Co. reports it sent the bulk of the crop to the fresh market, as it always has, to sustain this market. Demand to sell to processors was "terrific", Hammond says, but members real- ized the fresh market should be up- held and requested all berries that could be shipped on the fresh mar- ket. Goldsworthy has felt the budding for next year's crop does not look as well for production, following the heavy yield of this fall. How- ever, vines are said to look very healthy. The apprehension which had de- veloped before harvest season that there might not be enough water supply for winter flooding has been For over forty years our management has been engaged in the distribution of CAPE COD Cran- berries. A small factor in the deal, yes — but a significant one to those Growers we serve. "CoUey Cranberry Company" Plymouth, Mass. Office 17 Court Street Telephone Plymouth 1622 THOMAS BROTHERS General Contractors MIDDLEBORO, MASS. Tel. Middleboro 772 Concrete Flumes and Pumpwells Transit Mix Concrete Complete Line of Construction Equipment Excavating - Grading - Hauling Leave the Tough Jobs for Us Our Experience is Your Guarantee Twenty-five dispelled and the supply is felt ade- quate. Harvesting of the crop went on with only a few days of poor wea- ther. Growers agree it was the warmest fall they have known in years. This warm weather did not add to the keeping quality of Wis- consin fruit, which already had a handicap of having had a warm growing season. In Hammond's opinion the crop was below aver- age in keeping quality. The estimate is made that around 500 acres will be planted next spring. With this new acre- age coming in, high production possibilities within the next few years are good. While in Massachusetts recently on a "flying trip Manager "Del" Hammond contacted Christy Sem- pos, who designed the jet float boat reported in last month's issue and discussed the possibilities of devel- opment of a new machine to har- vest the crop by the water method. WASHINGTON The cranberry harvest was com- pleted and the great bulk of the berries shipped to the canners or on the fresh fruit market prior to Thanksgiving. D. J. Crowley, while not having figures of the BETTER \RRIGAT10H ^ -. With LESS WATER A Model For For Farm, OrHiarci or Truck Garden, Easily and quickly mounted on any irrigation pipe. Heavy duly l^rass and bronie conttruction for long lervic^. Sand and dirt proof. Wa- •er lubricaled^earings— no oil or grease re- quired. No rajl moving parts to rapidly wear out. M^fcum coverage— even distri- bution, n Wtite^^i^lSgluie anti price:. THE CLAPPER CO. FORMERLY NEW/ ENGLAND TORO CO. 1121 WASHINGTON ST. WEST NEWTON 65, MASS. PHONE BIGELOW 7900 0 BUCKNER MANUFACTURING CO.(i 1615 Blackstone Ave., Fresno, California BUCKNER SPRINKLERS actual yield available yet, thought the crop as previously estimated is about correct. Following harvest growers turned their attention to pruning. A bog that was owned by Mrs. Goldenberg has been purchased by Ostgars and Sundberg, and the lat- ter operators are putting in sprink- ler systems on about 15 acres of old bog which they have been re- claiming for the past two seasons. Frost occurred on October 14th that killed garden truck and appar- ently touched some berries, as some growers reported their berries were not holding up well. Damage was negligible, however, and no one took any great loss. The bad weather caused quite a few of the growers to have rather prolonged picking season. Berries were still arriving at the NCA cannery as late as November 20th. OREGON Oregon growers were definitely "gadgety" the past season, due as usual to necessity. Almost every grower had invented some new tool and machine and next year plans to improve it. Frank Zorn invented a water picking machine which was run by his wife while he loaded up the berries and took them to the store house. The two were able with the help of one man to harvest their entire crop. They washed and dried the berries and sent them to the cannery all ready to cook. Members of National Cranberry Association met at the cannery at Coquille to hear the report of the manager and to make suggestions for improvement or to air any problems that needed solution on November 21st. Ed Hughes, who has taken the place of George Lillegard, told the growers that the plant had canned 1000 barrels more than they had expected to at the beginning of the year. He reported the largest day's pack was 10,161 gallons, but the average was 9,000 gallons per day. Final total will probably be 325,000 gallon cans of sauce. Oregon weathei-, like weather in most states, was very "unusual' this season. Heavy weather begaj about the 15th of October insteac of the 1st of November, and con- sequently those growers who dit" not begin picking until October Is' only had two weeks of favorable picking weather, after which they had to battle weather conditions. (Continued on Page 28) Ariens-Ti//. er THE MOST COMPLETE LINE OF TILLAGE EQUIPMENT IN THE WORLD. CA- PACITIES 14 IN TO 1 FT CUTTING WIDTHS. ARIENS CO. Box 508 BRILLION. WIS. We Have Listing of Cranberry Bogs, large or small FOR SALE Geo. A. Cole Agency WILDA HANEY Decas Block Wareham, Massachusetts LLOYD M. HENDRICK Registered Architect Architect-Engineer Public, Cominercial and Domestic Work BAKER BLDG. BUZZARDS BAY AND POCASSET, MASS. CRANBERRY REAL ESTATE APPRAISING 17 Court St. Plymouth, Mass. BOG MANAGEMENT Tels: Plymouth 1622 Kingston 319 If you are buying or selling Cranberry Property it will pay you to see us. A number of properties available, more wanted. Twenty-six 1 ISSUE OF DECEMBER, 1946 Vol. 11 No. 8 ^^«M»0HU.a««8£RBlr«,5^^' ^^ MERRY CHRISTMAS THE simplest sort of Christmas Greeting is perhaps the best — so to all our sin- jerest hope for a joyous Yuletide season md a prosperous and happy 1947. 1946 AN EXTRAORDINARY YEAR IN CRANBERRIES THE year 1946 is about to become of the past. It will take its place among the jrevious years which make up history. What a year in cranberry history it has )een! The second largest crop on record, )y far the highest prices and gross return 0 the industry ever, the fact that such a arge proportion of the fruit was processed, vere outstanding factors. The "whys" behind any and all of these musual results can and, beyond doubt, will )e analyzed closely. The reasons behind he size of the crop are pretty much in a roup by themselves, but the influences )ehind the other two are related. For the irst time the proportion of berries pro- essed reached the percentage of 65 per- ent. Only about a third of production vent onto the fresh market. As to the size of the crop, presumably sTature may still be acknowledged as the )redominating factor in this, but more and nore the cultural efforts of the growers hemselves are influencing results. An ex- mple of this would be the greater care xercised in Massachusetts in getting fruit ^form egg counts and taking the right steps it the right time to linjit damage as much iS possible. Concerning the price, certainly the ex- raordinary competition for the berries of he grower had its influence — the rivalry letween the two national co-ops, the inde- pendent distributors and processors entered nto the picture. The year 1846, a century go, has been called "a year of decision" or the future of the United States. For lany within the cranberry industry, 1946 i^as a year of decision. They decided which way" they wanted to go. But for he industry as a whole as to the permanent esults of this year, it was a year of uncer- ainty. It was a year in cranberry history s^hich will go down as one unique in itself, .nd by no means does the mass of the in- [ustry feel a sense of stability — not as yet. CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS Subscription $3.00 per year Advertising rates upon application Editor and Publisher CLARENCE J. HALL CORRESPONDENTS-ADVISORS Wisconsin VERNON GOLDSWORTHY Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin Washington-Oregon J. D. CROWLEY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. ETHEL M. KRANICK Bandon, Oregon Massachusetts DR. HENRY J. FRANKLIN Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. BERTRAM TOMLINSON Barnstable County Agricultural Agent Barnstable, Mass. New Jersey CHARLES A. DOEHLERT, New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station, Pemberton, New Jersey ONE thing that perhaps most with ex- perience within the industry realize, which newcomers and "out-siders" do not, is that this was an exceptional year as con- cerns prices. Few within the industry ex- pect cranberry prices to remain as high. There are actually some who have felt a little "guilty" that their berries sold at the prices they did. They liked the income, but they did not feel it was healthy. For instance, it would obviously be an un- healthy development if a false boom comes about from inflated values. Nearly all growers made good money this year, but cranberry growing has not yet become a real Utopia. The highly successful finan- cial returns this year must not be expected to be the rule in the future. Twenty-seven Fresh from the Fields (Continued from Page 26) Lack of space and shortage of cannery lugs created some prob- lems. When the basement is com- pleted and the cannery space doubled, the space problem will be whipped. The members made the request that someone be at the cannery the year around to take care of grow- er needs. They also recommended that machinery be installed to clean wet berries and they also declared themselves in favor of us- ing the cannery for canning other fruits throughout the year. These might be blackberries, raspberries and blueberries. Mr. Hughes reported that eight new members had recently signed contracts. Eugene Atkinson of Sandlake, Oregon, attended the meeting at Coquille. A Sincere Wish To Our Friends and Customers A Merry Christmas, and may 1947 bring you joy and happiness. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM Tel. 200 PLYMOUTH Tel. 1300 James Bancroft of North Bend has sold property to Forrest Hurst of Bakersfield, Calif. Mr. Hurst plans to plant cranberries. Give a Subscription to CRANBERRIES for Christmas A Sincere Yuletide Wi ( To Our Friends and Patrons Everywhere A Merry Christmas Happy New Year BEATON'S DISTRffiUTING AGENCY Cape Cod Cranberries WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS Twenty-eight ^l=o»l=o'l«»'i?oat=o=X=<;'l=^Jf^45^4?^^ A Very Merry Christmas Our organization joins in a whole- hearted wish for a Happy Holiday. Hang the holly high in every window, the mistletoe over the door, and in 1947 may your every dream come true. MIN-OT FOOD PACKERS, Inc. BRIDGETON, NEW JERSEY Represented by BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY i-/et s 1 alk About tne ± uture ol tlie L^ranberrv J-nau5try i ociay T says Theodore H. Budd, Sr. President, American Cranberry Exchange and President, Growers Cranberry Sales Co. Mr. Theodore H. Budd, Sr., is the third generation of th? Budd family to operate the family holdings at Retreat, N. J. Tl-e 3.000 acres include 300 acres of cranberries and 60 of blueberries. He operates an equal' acreage of blueberries near Beaufort, North Carolina. This has been a golden year for cranberry growers — the second larg- est crop on record and the highest average price on record have com- bined to make cranberry growing a highly profitable enterprise. How- ever, after every war there has always been a decline in commodity prices and thus keener competition for the consumer's dollar. So I think this is a good time to do some careful think- ing about the future of the cranberry industry. To remain prosperous in the years ahead we will need good distribution and marketing. We are fortunate in having the American Cranberry Ex- change, our fresh fruit cooperative, to handle this problem. For 40 years the Exchange has been widening our sales area until now it takes in liter- ally the whole country as well as parts of Europe and Canada. Its trademark, EATMOR, is well known to our trade and consumers, and, best of all, the Exchange has the experience to han- dle major marketing problems quick- ly and efficiently. A glance at the record shows that fresh fruit prices have always deter- mined the size of our year's profits. We should remember that when we think about the future of our industry. We should also remember that the fresh fruit market is cleaned up quick- ly. There is no hold-over. So we start the following season with a clean slate. If the sugar situation improves, in- creased consumer demand may offset the usual post-war drop in prices and we will continue to enjoy strong de- mand. But no matter what trend sets in, it is my opinion that we will be bet- ter off if we have supported the fresh fruit market by selling through the American CranbeiTy Exchange. i American Cranberry Exchange U. S. Dept. of Agrimltnrc Lie. No. 1 The Cranberry Growers' Cooperative CHICAGO NEW YORK KVINC^ A :^r2,UUU,UUU A YEAR INDUSTRY iPE COD kw JERSEY kiSCONSI lOREGOM ADAM STEIN PHOTO CHARLES A. DOEHLERT, New Jersey Research January, 1947 30 cents •{•U — NU^UII Good Work — Well Done Good will must be earned by long years of right business practice. In business today painstaking care, Untiring industry, and faithful ad- herence to high standards bring theif feu^e reward — ^the reward of Reputation and Good Will. The fact that many Growers have been Members since we organized 52 years ago testifies to the high character and standing we enjoy. If you are not a member you are invited to become one. Growers CRANeeRRV Company, Inc. PEMBERTONj NEW JEFJSEY I It Is Our Real Pleasure To Wish One and All The ^ Happiest NEW YEAR You've Ever Had Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company WISCONSIN RAPIDS - - - WISCONSIN Worth Repeating-- The objectives of NCA, to the achievement of which we rededicate ourselves at the beginning of the New Year: Resolved : To provide a profitable market, through processins, for cranberries which, because of tender quality or surplus quantity, cannot be sold profitably as raw fruit. To stop growers' losses through shrinkage. To insure the sale of the total crop every year at a profit to the grower. To avoid the losses of large crops or tender crops by widening the mar- ket ior cranberries to include all people and all seasons. To produce a ready-to-serve cranberry sauce so high in quality and so low in cost that it is within the purse-strings of every consumer; and by so doing, to insure a market for even the largest cranberry crop at a profit to growers. To discover, through research, ways to turn wastes into profits. To in"rease the growers' income by developing labor-saving machinery and equipment and more economical meihods of operation which processing makes possible and which reduce the cost of growing, sorting, and packing. To save the grower money by pool'ng purchases of supplies and mater- ials universally used on all crar.berry bogs. To be alert to the needs of a changing world and to protect the growers' interests by antiiipating trends and preparing to meet them so that cranberries may always be available to consumers in the form in which they want them. To make these advantages available to all cranbjrry growers through a cooperative owned and operated by growers in which each member shares, according to his patronage, the benefits of the cooperative. National Cranberry Association The Growers' Cooperative Hanson, Massachusetts Onset, Massachusetts North Harwich, Massachusetts Coquille, Oregon Bordentown, New Jersey Long Beach, Washington Markham, Washington Plymouth, Massachusetts Dennis, Massachusetts North Chijago, Illinois SERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTR ADAMS & GOULD Acushnet Lumber Dealers Cape & Vineyard Saw Mills Co. "Everything Under Cover" East Wareham, Mass. Electric Company GOOD Tel. Wareham 648 WOOD BOXES Building Material for Bog, Sereenhouse and Home Uses Offices : Chatham Falmouth Cranberry Growers Order Harvest and Shipping Boxes Hyannis New Bedford, Mass. Paints - Hardware Vineyard Haven Est. 1865 The PLYMOUTH NATIONAL BANK Established 1848 Hall & Cole Incorporated Commission Merchants and Jobbers Wood County National Plymouth Massachusetts 94 Faneuil Hall Market 102 BOSTON, MASS. Bank APPLES AND CRANBERRIES SPECIALTIES Wisconsin Rapids, Member Federal Deposit Wisconsin , Insurance Corporation Car IjOt Receivers MEMBER FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION KROP-SAVER The We are in a position to brand INSECTICIDES Nationa Bank of manufacture Cranberry Picking Boxe at this season FUNGICIDES 1 the year For the Cranberry Grower Wareham F. H. COLE EBt.iblished 1707 CROP-SAVER Manufacturers of CHEMICAL COMPANY, Inc. Wareham, Mass. Wooden Boxes and Shook 3511 West Potomac Avenue North Carver, Mass. Chicago 51, Illinois MEMBER FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION Tel. 46-,'-, IJIREGTGRY FOR GRANBEKRY GROWERS MASSACHUSETTS Call WAREHAM 162 S. G. M. Packard & Go. Hardware — Locksmiths For Maintenance Supplies USE DYNAMITE The modern way to re- move stumps, excavate rocks, DIG CORES FOR DIKES, and other blasting work in cranberry growing. Speeds up work — reduces costs. CONSULT WITH US ON ANY WORK YOU ARE PLANNING. Trained by Hercules Powder Co. ALTON J. SMITH High St., Hanson, Mass. Tel. Bryantville 209-R-3 IRRIGATION for Cranberries and All Other Purposes SKINNER SYSTEM of IRRIGATION Brookline, Mass. Established 30 years Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK At Screenhouses, Bogs and Pumps Means Satisfaction ALFRFD PAPPI WAREHAM, MASS. Tal. 626 Serving Western Cranberry Growers with High Quality Products Rotenone Pyrethrum Sabadilla Nicotine Copper Sprays Oil Sprays Lime Sulphur Solution Villler Products Company Portland 1, Oregon JOHN HILL Plymouth St. Bryantville, Mass. Offers Cranberry Growers the Value: Of Long Experience in Cranberry Work plus The Latest in Construction- Renovation Equipment, in- cluding: 2 Caterpillar Tractor Bull-'ozers 2 Power Shovels Sand, Gravel, Crushed Stone Delivered Tel. Bryantville 6422 Morris April Bros. Bridgeton - Tuckahoe New Jersey Apples Cranberries Peaches GROWERS AND SHIPPERS H. R. Bailey Co. South Carver Massachusetts Manufacturers of CRANBERRY EQUIPMENT Middleborough Trust Company MIDDLEBORO MASS. Member of The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation We Are Supplying Harvest and Shipping BOXES--NOW Place Your Order With Jesse A. Holmes & Son SOUTH CARVER, MASS. Tel: Carver 10-3 First Massachusetts Cranberry Industry Survey in Dozen Years Field Work Was Begun De- cember 9th — Report Will Be Eagerly Awaited by Growers. During- December a comprehens- ive survey of the Massachusetts cranberry industry, from the northernmost and most western bogs to the tip of Cape Cod was conducted. Begun on December 9th, with Henry P. Plunkett of the Bureau of Agricultural Economics in charge of the field work, and C. D. Stevens, chief agricialtural sta- tistician, heading the project, it is the first Bay State cranberry sur- vey in a dozen years. The last previous was in 1934 and prior to that there was one in 1924. The project, which was urged by the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers Association and other growers, is being conducted by the United States Department of Agriculture, through the New England Crop Reporting Service, C. D. Stevens, agricultural statistician, in charge. Department of Agriculture, Wal- ter A. Piper of the office of Com- missioner Fred E. Cole, County Extension Sei-vices and the Massa- chusetts Cranberry Experiment Station at East Wareham. A state appropriation of $5,000 was obtained last spring and assigned to Commissioner Cole. The survey is very comprehens- ive and will include details which were not covered in previous ones. Phases covei-ed will be acres of bog under cultivation, this by coun- ties and towns, the flooding of bogs, water supplies, whether flooding is by gravity or pump, water supplies, gas or electric power; yields on bogs wet and dry; new bogs planted, or being planted; varieties under cultiva- tion. Early Blacks, Late Howes, etc. In addition to these phases, which have been surveyed before, and so will form a basis of com- parison, this survey will take in use and amounts of fertilizers, fungicides, insecticides; opinion as to the most serious insect pests; employment of labor, including number of persons engaged full time (10 months of the year); part time and seasonal; whether or not living quarters are fur- nished in the harvest season. A new query is to what radio sta- tions most growers listen to most, this to be in connection with the issuing of frost or other emerg- ency warnings by radio. The ra- dio warnings are not intended to supplant the telephone service, but to supplement it. These final details were deter- mined at a meeting at the office of New England Cranberry Sales Co., Middleboro, this meeting having been called by Mr. Stevens. Ply- mouth County Agent J. Richard Beattie was present as was Dr. F. B. Chandler, representing the Ex- periment Station at East Ware- ham. It will be several months more at least before the information gathered has been analyzed and formulated into the report. Report when completed is ex- pected to be of great value to the industry and for research work. 'School Bells" Sound For Massachusetts Cranberry Classes "Cranberry School" bells are ringing in Massachusetts for two classes for beginning growiers and foremen. First class was Tuesday, January 7, at screen- house of Ellis D. Atwood, South Carver, arranged by Plymouth County Agent J. Richard Beattie. Second class will be in the Agri- cultural Department rooms of Barnstable High school, Hyannis, the 20th, at 7.30 p. m., arranged by Barnstable County Agent Ber- tram Tomlinson. Plymouth County program was originally intended for G. I.'s only, but Massachusetts Cranberry Ad- visory Committee felt the pro- gram might be extended to others desiring a school approach to problems of ci-anberry growing. Barnstable school is also designed to teach fundamentals. William Tufts of Vocational Agricultural Department of Mid- dleboro High will administer the Four G. I. part of the Plymouth County training. First talk there was by Dr. William G. Colby of Massa- chusetts State College. Mr. Tom- linson will instruct at Barnstable, with guest speakers from the Ex- periment Station at East Ware- ham, and successful cranberry growers. In Plymouth County there will be six sessions extending through March. Cape group will also meet twice a month through March. A more complete program is to be given in next month's issue. In connection with these classes it is stressed they are not taking the place of club meetings, but are in an entirely diff'erent category. The "Ford Times" Has Article Upon Cape Cranberries "Thank Cape Cod for Cranber- ries" is the title of a six-page arti- cle in November issue of "Ford Times", published by the Ford Motor Company, Dearborn, Mich. A cranberry harvest scene draw- ing comprised the cover, and the feature story was illustrated by a number of sketches made on the scene by Florence Stephenson. Miss Stephenson, according to a biographical note, is a young De- troit artist, who has made illus- trations for Saturday Evening Post, Collier's, Fortune, and to make these drawings she made her first trip to New England. The article by Burgess H. Scott brings in much cranberry material familiar to cranbei'ry growers, with consideable attention paid toi the obtaining of water for flood ing. It emphasizes the installa- tions of H. A. Suddard of Ware ham, Mass., local Ford dealer, with V-8 engines to operate pumps which deliver up to 10,000 gallons a minute. '^ Issue of January, 1947 — Vol. 11, No. 9 Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop, Main St.. Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscription S3 00 Entered as second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post-office at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the'Act'of March 3 1879 1946 Marketing Season Unique In Many Respects As concerns the marketing of the 1946 cranberry crop, which barely fell short of the all-time record, there is agreement it was a most unusual season. For the past five years, demand for cran- berries both fresh and processed was constantly in excess of sup- ply. Demand, therefore, at begin- ning of marketing was avid, the pent-up wants for the fresh fruit trade and processors brought a scramble for berries as fast as growers could pack or deliver to canners. Not until the very end of the season was there a slackening in the fresh fruit trade, and then with the acute scarcity of sugar having increased, rather than improved, the trade found itself with a quan- tity of berries which consumers would not buy at retail outlets; the trade had found it had over- bought. The high prices were not said to have been the big season for the slump, but rather the lack of sugar available to the house- wife. It is understood a considerable quantity of these berries in the hands of the dealers was removed from fresh disposal and "re- turned" for processing. At NCA office on January 2nd, it was said 22-23 cars had been received at the North Chicago plant for process- nig, with more to come, these ber- ries being bought from growers and not the dealers. Of its share of 1946 production National Cranberry Association figures that up to December 1, 351,725 bbls. had been handled, or approximately 43 per cent of the crop. At the formation of NCA, Crop Is Near Record One U. S. Crop Reporting Service added still more production to the crop of 1946 in a year-end release, December 23rd. Hai-vest is now placed at a total of 846,200 bbls. This increase from 833,100 is chiefly due to New Jersey, where figures are now for 90,000 barrels. Report I'eleased by N. E. Service, C. D. Stevens, follows: For the United States cranberry production in 1946 was 846,200 barrels — a near record — 29 per cent above the 656,800 barrels in 1945, and 36 per cent larger than the 1935-44 average of 624,100 barrels. Growing conditions were favorable in all states. The rec- ord large crop was 877,300 barrels, produced in 1937. The harvest was unusually thorough this year. Conditions were favorable for gathering berries and relatively high prices were paid by both pro- cessors and the fresh market. The Massachusetts crop is esti- mated at 550,000 barrel — 15 per cent above last year and 34 per cent above average. Production in 1945 was 478,000 barrels and the 10-year (1935-44) average production is 409,700 barrels. The Massachusetts cranberry crop was harvested with the smallest amount of frost damage reported in twenty years of record. Piniit worm dam- age was very light again this year. Crops on dry bogs were bet- ter than usual this season. New Jersey cranberry growers harvested 90,000 barrels this year, the largest crop for the State in recent years. Wisconsin with 145,000 barrels had a record large production. The record produc- tion was practically all marketed by November 1, thereby keeping shrinkage down to a minimum. The West Coast states of Wash- ingto nand Oregon also had a rec- ord large production — 61,200 bar- rels in comparison with 47,800 last year. 1935-44 1944 1945 1946 Massachusetts 409,700 153,000 478,000 550,000 New Jersey 87,100 59,000 49,000 90,000 Wisconsin 97,000 115,000 82,000 145,000 Washington 22,240 30,000 36,400 46,200 Oregon 8,060 12,700 11,400 15,000 United States 624,100 369,700 656,800 846,200 with Cranberry Canners as the nu- cleus, Mr. Urann stated that the new NCA was expected to handle 45 per cent of the crop, which was approximately achieved. As fresh of this, NCA placed about 25,000 bbls., it is stated, at NCA office. A round figure breakdown by areas of the total handled is given as: Massachusetts, 200,000; Wisconsin, 60,000; New Jersey, 40,000; West Coast, 46,00. ACE figures were not deter- mined for publication as this was written. However, it is understood New England Cranberry Sales bandied about 134,00 bbls. for its members, of which about 100,000 went on the fresh market. A rela- tively small part of ACE process- ing went to NCA, Stokely-Van Camp receiving a lai-ge amount in both Massachusetts and Wisconsin. Total ACE berries are unofficially estimated as the N. E. cooperative (Continued on Page 23) Five HONEYBEES As Pollinators of the Cranberry By ,. -'V. C. L. FARRAR (1) and HENRY F. BAIN (2) Because the cranberry is a high- cost, high-value crop, factors influ- encing the size and regularity of yields have great .significance in determining profits or losses. Yields of 10 barrels per acre justify the cost of hai-vesting only when the market price is high.. The normal yield for Wisconsin marsh- es is 40 to 45 barrels per acre. The fprt that vields between 100 and 150 barrels have been obtained and that much larger yields are theo- retically possible provide the stim- ulus for investieating factors ef- fecting cranberry pollination. In the spring of 1*^45 E. L. Cham- bers. Stite entomologist, Wiscon- sin Department of Agriculture, and the iunior author called at the North Central States Bee Culture Laboratorv and presented evidence that the lark of adequate pollina- tion probably was a maior factor eflfecting the disparity of yields on Wisconsin marshes. Mr. Bain has since published some of his data. (3). Two contrasting views prevail on the mode of cranberry pollination — nne, that it is effected by insect visitors, and the other that wind or agitation of the vines is chiefly resoon'sible. Franklin (4) states: "The flowers denend mostly on in- sects for pollination, but wild bees are so plentiful that it probably selHom nays to keep bees for this purpose." Robert^; and Struckmeyer (5) state: "Pollination is aopfrently brought about bv wind-borne pol- len reaching the pistil. This is not efi^ertive thr'^ni-h any great dis- tance . . . When honeybees visit the blossoms in search of ne"tar, they usually do not touch the stig- ma. Thp iarring of the blossoms durinsr the'r wis'ts would appear to be of nrime imnortance in anv aid to pollination which they render." (1) Pureau of EntoTnolocry and Plant Onarantine, Afrrirultural Research Ad- ministration, United State*^ Denartment nf Aerricnlture, in cooneration with the University of Wisconsin. <2) Cranberry Rneeialist. Padeer Cran- berry Co.. Piron Crnnherrv Cn., Cranherry ' Lali"hits n^ tbo cranher-v in Wis- consin. CRAN^KRRIP.S, Vol. 10, No. 9: 11. M. .Tf.n"n'v li/ifi. (4 Frnnklin. Henrv J. Cranberry grow- ing in Massachusetts. Mass. Expt. Sta. Bui. 371, 44 Tin. 1O40. (61 Roberts. R. H.. and Struckmeyer. B. Esther. Growth and fruitinK of the cranberry. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. Proc, 40: 373-379. 1942, Through the cooperation of the University of Wisconsin and the employers of Mr. Bain, exploratory tests were undertaken to determine the eff^ectiveness of honeybees as pollinators of cranberries. Four screened cages (Figure 1), each covering 160 square feet of vines, were pla.ed on the Midwest Cranberry Company's marsh in the vicinity of Spooner, Wis., before the vines came into bloom. Two cages were used to enclose Searles vines that were in good vegetative condition (area A) and two to en- close vines of the same variety under bordeau spray tests for con- trol of leaf spot (area B). Com- parable check areas of vine were marked ofl" in each case to provide for open-pollination controls. Sprayed vines were in a state of ex3essive but irregular vine growth, which is usually adverse to a good set. The cages were erected on July 1. A populous one-story colony, provisioned with honey and pollen, was placed in one of each pair of cages. Weather conditions caused a delay of 3 to 4 weeks in the blos- soming of cranberries in 1945, so that the peak of bloom came about July 27. The first observations on how bees worked the blossoir were made at that time. Both cx) onies had exhausted their polle reserves, and so there was litt'. active brood rearing. The queer were laying heavily and there we some sealed brood, but the larva were not being fed. Each colon was given a 1"= -pound cake of po len and soybean flour to enable to resume brood rearing. Tw additional frames of honey wer given to each hive, although th hives still had plenty of honey. Unsettled weather, with frequer li'^ht showers, prevailed on Jul 27; consequentlv there was littl activity on the blossoms. Howeve' flight of the bees was stimulate as soon as thev were given the po' len cakes. Heavy rain fell a night, but by 10 30 the next morr ine a brief period of sunshine pei mitted observations to be made o the manner in which bees worke the blossoms. For the remainde of the day bee flitrhts flu"tuate with changes in lis^ht condition; During much of this time abou one bee ner snuare foot of vine was working the blossoms. Sun day the 29th was clear and warm- er, and many more bees were ot' served working the blossoms tha. were found on the two previou days. It was not unf-ommon t watch a small area of bloomin; vines for some time without seeini a bee and then to see one crawl ui from a position deep among th- vines and fly to the hive. TheS' bees were working the lower bios sonis obscured from a surface view T/VBLE 1. Effect of Honeybees on Pollination of Cranberry Vines, Area A I'^Iy 27 August 27 Uprights Blossoms Number of No. per Percent No. per Percent No. of berriei Treatment of vines Caged with honeybees samples 5 fi. blossoming sq. ft. 4P0 46 604 41 1 (1) 640 55 1140 42 Onen check 3 636 48 888 19 1(1) A selected high-population sample not included in the average. TABLE 2. Yield and Size of Cranberries from Test Plots Number of berries Y-e'd. barrels per acre per sq. ft. 248 484 168 per standa'-d cran- berry countinsr cup Number ot se^ds per berr> Test plots A vPFi A ' " ' li Bee Caere 171' 107.3 13.8 Onen -heck 124 (1) 10^^.5 8.6 Ca-ro check 10 97 9 Are-' B: B°e ca're 64 — — Open check 45 • — — Cage check 3 - — — (1) Entire 3-acre section yielded 225 barrels, or an average of 90 barrels per acre op the 2 Vb -acre portion which produced all the crop. The bees worked the blossoms principally for nectar, since the cranberry blossom produces com- paratively little pollen. No bees were seen carrying loads of pollen into the hives. They usually alighted on the sexual column of the flower (the pistil surrounded by the cluster of anther tubes) and crawled over it in a manner that allowed the branched hairs on their bodies to pick up pollen grains from the open ends of the anther tubes and brush pollen onto the adjacent stigma. The bees soon probed between the anther tubes and the pistil to reach nectar at the base of the flower. Had they alighted on the petals and probed for nectar from that position, di- rect pollination could not have been accomplished. In both cages provided with bees there were noticeably fewer open blossoms than in the check cages or on the open marsh. It was found, however, that many more blossoms had dropped their petals and had been replaced by small berries, an indication that more prompt pollination was responsible for the apparent diflFerenee in the number of blossoms. On August 9th the cages were removed except for the enclosed check areas, where some open blos- soms were still present. Random- sample counts of the blossoms and berries per square foot are sum- marized in table 1. The fruit was harvested on October 5, and the yields were calculated to barrels per acre (table 2). The fruit in both bee-pollinated plots averaged larger in size on August 27 than did that in the open checks, but at harvest the fruits from both plots showed the same cup count. The fruit from the bee- pollinated plot was more uniform, but lacked the maturity of either the open-pollinated, or the caged checks. The berries showed much less color and the vines were still green. This difference in maturity jwas not due to shade from the [cages, since the vines that had [been covered by the check cages [showed no difference from those in Ithe open marsh. The berries and |vines in the bee cages apparently latured more slowly, because Iprompt pollination resulted in an lextremely heavy set of berries, all in nearly the same stage of devel- opment. There is every reason to as- sume that in a normal growing season there would have been a greater average increase in fruit size on the bee-pollinated plots than on either the cage checks or the open checks. With at least 3 weeks more for growth and matur- ity the increase in yield, instead of 40 per cent, might have been 50 or 60 per cent or even higher. Supplementing these tests, the junior author made observations on the honeybee activity on a 165- acre marsh where approximately 50 hives had been provided. He found the bees in considerable numbers working the blossoms in the same manner as when they were confined within the cage. This marsh returned an average yield of 80 barrels compared with approximately 29 barrels, the State average, or 26 if the crop from this one marsh is excluded. Discussion and Recommendations These exploratory tests show that yields may be substantially limited by a lack of insects to ef- fect pollination, that the exclusion of insect visitors will reduce yields almost to the vanishing point, that honeybees will work the blossoms in a manner which will effect pollination, and that yields may be increased substantially if adequate numbers of bees are pro- vided and they actually work the blossoms. There is reason to believe that in some seasons or localities other plants which secrete nectar more abundantly, especially the clovers and basswood, may compete for the work of honeybees, thus draw- ing them away from the cranberry marshes. This may necessitate saturating the areas with honey- bees by providing more colonies so that sufficient numbers of bees can be forced to visit the cranberry blossoms. Training methods may possibly be employed to hold at least some of the bees on the cranberry blos- soms. If the bees are confined by small portable cages until they start working the blossoms and are then released, it would be in harmony with bee behavior for these individuals to continue work on cranberries and communicate with other bees in the hive that this nectar was available. If the shift to competing plants became too great, the colony could again be confined for training purposes, perhaps for an hour or more every day during the blossoming period. Certain other assumptions are worthy of considei'ation. Under good cranberry culture there may be from 13 to 40 million blossoms per acre. A full-strength colony of 50,000 bees could provide, under favorable weather conditions, 500 million bee visits to flowers during a 3-week blossoming period. Un- der favorable conditions one strong- colony would seem to suffice for 1 to 2 acres; under unfavorable con- ditions five to ten such colonies per acre might be needed. How- ever, many so-called colonies of bees are capable of providing not (Continued on Page 22) Seven DOEHLERT, TOMLINSON And the New Jersey Station By Clarence J. Hall The New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Research Laboratory has for some months been In new quarters at a Colonial farm home- stead on the road from Pemberton to Browns Mills, just outside the Borough of Pemberton. The Lab- oratory was formerly on the same street, but nearer to the center of Pemberton village. The Labor- atory is a substation of the New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station and Rutgers University, which are located fifty miles to the northeast at New Brunswick. Possessed of much architectural dignity, the old farm home is now jointly occupied by the Experi- ment Station and as a residence by the Pemberton High School Agricultural teacher. The station uses the west half of the building, the quarters comprising two rooms on the ground floor and two rooms on the second. The grounds are roomy and provide more area for outdoor experimen- tation than the former lo;ation. The Cranberry and Blueberry Research Laboratory was first established in 1918 at Whitesbog under the direction of Charles A. Beckwith. In 1927 it was moved into Pemberton. In charge of the Laboratory is Charles A. Dochlert, Research As- sociate, and his associate is Wil- liam E. Tomlinson, Jr. Doehlert, Tomlinson, and their secretary, Mrs. W. B. Phillips, use the ground floor. The second floor provides quarters for R. B. Wilcox, Ass'ci- p.te Pathologist, Unitad States De- partment of Agriculture, assigned to .ranberry and blueberry work in New Jesey. Charles A. Doehlert "i w Jersey growers know Charles A. Dehlert, Research As- sociate in chara;e of the Labora- tory since the der.th of Charles S. Beckwith, May IP, 1944, as a stu^'ious, cons ^ent'ous investiga- tor in their cranberry and blue- berry problems — ever ready to give his able advice and assist- EiRht ance when called upon. Having worked at the Laboratory sin;e 1930, "Charlie" Doehlert has struggled with many cultural questions and aided in their solu- tion. And there have been many Jer- sey problems of the most vexing and serious nature since the 1920's, as is generally realized throughout the industry. The need of an Experiment Station and efficient research men to pro- vide assistance to cranberry growers, has probably been more dire there than in any other area. Troubles in New Jersey cranberry growing have been acute for a variety of reasons. It is now hoped the trend of cranberry pro- duction downward has been stopped — the bottom of the valley reached — and the climb ba:k be- gun. Doehlert, quiet-spoken, unas- suming of his own part toward the checking of this adverse trend, would probably say no more than that he has done his best to help in the battle. Unfortunate as Jer- sey's most recent cranberry his- tory has been, her concurrent story of blueberry cultivation is just the opposite. In this pro- gram, too, Doehlert has definitely been on the job. Although begun before his day at the Station, he has been working on blueberry cultivation during its most lush progress. Born in Rutherford, New Jer- sey, January 30, 1893, Doehlert S3lected agriulture as his life work . He entered Rutgers Uni- versity, majoring in horticulture, and was graduated in 1?21. From 1921 to 1924 he was on the edi- torial staff of the New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Strtion, and received his Master's D gree in 1034 while in the employ of the Un'versiiy. He is secretsry- (rcasurer cf the American Cran- berry Growers' Association and is a member cf Phi Beta Kappa, Sigma Xi, American Association of Economic Entomologists, and the American Society for Horti- cultural Science. Following his editorial wcr':, he engaged in farming, particular- ly with fruit, and was bee keeper at the famous Seabrook Farms, Bridegton, New Jersey. In 1930 he returned to the Ex- periment Station to fill a vacancy left by the resignation of Dr. Byrley Driggers, who had been Mr. Beckwith's assocnate. As as- sociate to the latter, Doehlert de- voted a great deal of his time to blueberry problems. Working with Mr. Beckwith, an important conti'ol for blueberry fruit fly, using rotenone dusts spread from airplanes, was devel- oped. Following a sudden con- demnation of infested berries by the U. S. Department of Agricul- ture, it was necessary to develop a control method by the start of the next picking season. It meant a winter of concentrated eff'ort on the project. Incubating and hatching a crop of the delicate flies was mastered by Beckwith. As his part of the joint project, Doehlert developed a cage which simulated field conditions so close- ly that from experience in these cages it was possible to announce a schedule of airplane dusting be- fore the new season for fiy emerg- ence and protective dusting began. In 1938 Doehlert developed the first mechanical fertilizer distrib- utor for blueberries. This is an adaptation of the endgate lime sower. The original m del has been in continuous use since then on the 60-acre planting of the Atlantic Company at Weymouth. The Doehlert blueberry disc harrow was the first blueberry tillage tool that cultivated close under the blueberry bushes and eliminated much of the h"nd hoe- ing. The pivoting of front and rear gangs of discs on the same bar made a harrow that could ride on the ground and still ad just itself to ridges and depres- sions in the row. The small discs established the practicability of shallow cultivation and made it possible to avoid excessive root pruning which had been damag- ing many plantings on shallow soil. Trenching with peat for the im- provement of sandy area^ in blue- berry fields, the use of oats as a fall cover crop, the 7-7-7 blue- berry fertilizer, and the timing of fertilizer applications, including fall treatment, are the results of other blueberry projects. A major concern with Doehlert now, as with everyone who has the rejuvenation of the Jersey cranberry industry at heart, is how best to bring this about. He feels it is mainly a job of coordi- nating many operations which the growers already know well, but for which they often are ham- pered by lack of sufficient labor or capital. Labor-saving devices will help a great deal. One of these is wooden trackways for sanding which make it possible to drive the sand trucks directly from the pit out upon the vines. These were first used by the Otis Bro- thers in 1932, and Doehlert has encouraged growers to try them where heavy applications of sand are needed. Scooping has been blamed for much of the decline in New Jer- sey's production. Doehlert says: "My experiments have indicated that with sanding and good care, Jersey bogs can be maintained at good production in spite of scoop- ing. Plots scooped were not bad- ly impaired as compared to those that were hand picked, when good growing practices were followed." Other cranberry investigations established the effectiveness of pyrethrum dusting for leaf-hop- pers on dew-wet vines and the compatibility of pyrethrum with Bordeaux mixture if soap is not used. This latter conclusion was also established by R. B. Wilcox, working independently. Doehlert makes his home with Mrs. Doehlert, two sons and a F daughter, at Pemberton village, on the same street on which the Lab- oratory is located. Mrs. Doehlert is a graduate of New Jersey Col- lege for Women. His elder son, Charles A. Doehlert, Jr., is in medical school at the University of Pennsylvania. His other son, David, is attending Swarthmore College, and Margaret, a bright- eyed seven-year-old, is eagerly trying to follow her brothers' foot- steps in Moorestown Friends School. ^liJ^^^'^i^ tr-t ^ ^ "Bill" Tomlinson, Jr. (Cranberries Photo) William E. Tomlinson, Jr. William E. Tomlinson, Jr., who came to the Pemberton Station as associate to Doehlert in April, 1945, has proven himself a pop- ular research worker in cranber- ries and blueberries with the Jer- sey growers of these crops. "Bill" Tomlinson, with a questing mind, has become absorbed quick- ly in the cultural problems of these two crops. He divides his time between the two, but in rec- ent months the search for the vec- tor of blueberry stunt disease has occupied a large proportion of his time. He, like Doehlert, is a con- scientious, hard-working re- searcher. Rangy in build, easy in ac- quaintance, Tomlinson's appear- ance rather belies the fact that he is a native of a thickly-settled suburban area of Boston, Massa- chusetts. But he was born in Newton, June 12, 1913. When he first went to flat South New Jer- sey he missed the more rolling countryside of his native New England, but now finds the Jersey cranberry district a very likeable place in which to live. Tomlinson is an entomologist, and received his Masters' Degree at Massachusetts State College in 1938. Previously he had been graduated from Tufts College (1936), having selected pre-medi- cal courses because of their wide basic training in the sciences. Following graduation at Mass. State he was with the Massachu- setts State College Field Station at Waltham, as laboratory assist- ant in entomology, from 1938- 1945, working largely on apples and market garden crops. In Massachusetts he had also been deputy bee inspector for the State Department of Agriculture. This was in the summer of 1944. Nine As concerns blueberries he has recently been giving much time to an attempt to discover the vec- tor which is spreading the Blue- berry Stunt Disease, this being probably the foremost threat to continuing success in blueberry cultivation in Nevf Jersey. He is quite certain, from his studies so far, this vector will turn out to ^e a leaf-hopper, or some other sucking insect, but which one he has not been able to determine yet. Last summer he found there were about two dozen species of leafhoppers active in the cran- berry-blueberry area. He is mak- ing progress in this process of elimination and he is hopeful that the results of continuing studies this summer will enable him to definitely establish the culprit. Another blueberry project in which he is very interested is an effort to determine the emergence dates of the blueberry fruit fly in relation to temperatures. This project is being carried out at the Station with berries which are in- fested with the maggots. The maggots are placed in frames which support screened cages at fly emergence time. He hopes to ascertain the relationship of tem- perature to the time of emergence of the flies from the ground. From this data it is hoped that the two dustings recommended for blue- berry fruit fly can be properly timed without depending on the time-consuming collection of mag- goty berries and daily observation during the emergence period in June when so much other work is also pressing. Tomlinson is a co-author of the first Blueberry Insect and Disease Control Chart. With the rather formidable title of "The Influence of Variety on the Development and Survival of the Blunt-nosed Leafhopper", he is conducting an important cran- berry experiment. This is re- search allied with the United States Department of Agriculture breeding project which began in New Jersey. At the i-ear of the Station he has potted cranberry plants growing, the varieties be- ing Howes, Early Black and Shaw's Success. The pots number Ten ^ Western Picker Creafed Much Interest on Pacific Coast thirty and are covered with cellu- loid cages with cheeseiloth vents at the tops and sides. Into these he introduced 50 leafhoppers to a cage, or a total of 500 hoppers for each variety. He will observe how they de- velop and at what rate they repro- duce on each variety. These tests should provide knowledge as to which variety is "best" for the hoppers, or worse from the view- point of the cranberry grower. It is well recognized that Howes are the most susceptible to leaf- hopper infestation; Bla:ks inter- mediate, but apparently Shaw's Success is a variety which has a great deal of resistance to leaf- hopper and consequently false blossom. By this experiment it is hoped to show whether these differences in susceptibility to leafhopper in- festation are merely feeding preference differences or whether varieties have variations that in- hibit development, longevity, and survival of the leafhoppers. Tomlinson is married and has three children — two boys and a girl — making his home now at New Lisbon. His hobby is pho- tography. He is a member of Sigma Xi and the American As- sociation of Economic Entomol- ogists. The "Western Picker", or the "Stankavich Pi;ker", as it has been called because it was the in vention of "Joe", "Mike" and "Matt" Stankavich, sons of the developer of the Stankavich berry of Pacific Coast fame, last fall created a great deal of interest in the West, and there is at present writing, good possibility its de- velopers will be in the East with motion pictures in January. This picker has been written up in West Coast cranberry areas, and D. J. Crowley is willing to be quoted as saying: "it looks good to me." Dr. J. H. Clark of Long Beach, Washington, has also been im- pressed favorably with the new machine. The Stankavich brothers have sold their rights in the picker to the "Western Picker, Inc.", accord ing to R. J. Hillstrom, who is a registered engineer of Marshfield, Oregon. Mr. Hillstrom has writ- ten to CRANBERRIES it is the intention to show films of the picker at the annual January 25th meeting of the American Cran- (Editor's Note) — An article con cei'ning R. B. Wilcox, who will speak at meetings of Massachu setts blueberry growei's and Ply^ mouth County Cranberry Clubs during January, is anticipated fol the next, or an early issue). berry Growers' Association, Cam- den, New Jersey, and hopes it may be possible to show the films and to appear at Massachusetts cran- berry club meetings, also Wiscon- sin, if any arrangements can be made. "Joe" Stankavich also hopes to be in the East with the films. The machine has been demon- strated at the Washington State Bog, Long Beach, during the har- vest season, and Mr. Crowley said that while the machine need- ed some further improvements it was the "best picking machine he had seen so far.' Trials have been held on bogs in the Coos Bay area in Southern Oregon. The first field test was on the three acre bog of Kaye J. Howard at Hauser. Mr. Howard is quoted as saying that he had sev- eral varieties on this bog and all were picked with success. Under good conditions the machines, Joe Stankavich says, has picked half a barrel in 38 seconds, but this was in heavy fruit. The machine has harvested an acre in eight hours. Passage of the machine over the vines is said not to injure uprights or injure next year's crop in any way. The machine is made of aluminum, weighing about 150 pounds. It is self-propelled by a %th horsepower 4-cycle gasoline motor. One man guides it, while another takes care of the filled boxes. A swath about two feet ■wide is picked at a continuous walking speed. The machine uti- lized aluminum to a great extent. Since the picking last fall there have been several changes m.ade. Instead of one model there are now three. One is mounted on wheels alone, one is half-tracked, e., a belt running over wheels, and a third is a track-laying tra.- tor. The reason for the three drives is the amount of ground tension needed. For ordinary scooping berries, a wheel alone is felt to give sufficient traction, but for some types which have heavy vine growth with matted runners more traction is needed, hence the tractor. The main features of the ma- chine, Mr. Hillstrom says, quoting Hthe patent application are: "A larvester comprising a plurality of T In operation on Lenarl Bog Giant Sprinkler Head Demonstrated in Massachusetts dowTiwardly and forwardly in- clined spaced prongs adapted to be moved through a crop to be har- vested, a stripping unit on top, and a hold down mechanism under- neath, the combination adapted to strip fruit from the vine by appli- cation of the principle of the in- clined plane." A guide wheel in front on the left side has been added. This is a depth gage to control the depth of the pick and to make the pick- ing semi-automatic. The operator merely guides it in a clockwise direction (so the guidewheel stays on the picked side) and stops it to change lugs. Following harvest the machines were used in Coos County for pruning. The machine was set for the length of runners desired to be left and the prunings are deposited in the lug box with no further attention. f Photo of Western Picker by Harrison P. Hornish of Coos Bay Times. Note: A telegram Janu- ary 6th, after the foregoing was written, states that Mr. Hilstrom and Mr. Stankavich were leaving the West Coast for the trip to Wis- consin, New Jersey and Massachu- setts. A demonstration of cranberry bog sprinkling which has caused considerable interest among Mas- sachusetts cranberry growers who saw it, was held at the Kingston bog of "Ted" Lenari", December 7th. The test was by National Cranberry Association, Ferris C. Waite, who conducts the "Trading Post" of that co-operative, being in charge. About 75 growers were notified and attended, and the demonstration was also witnessed by Drs. Henry J. Franklin and F. B. Chandler of the Massachusetts Cranberry Experiment Station. The Lenari bog is one of slight- ly more than three acres in ex- tent, and the demonstration showed to the satisfaction of those present that two sprinkler heads covered the whole area — suffic- iently for frost protection or for irrigation. The sprinklers were "giant" heads, of Buckner Manufacturing Company, one being a % inch and the other a 1 inch. This was strictly a temporary set-up. Water was brought to the sprink- lers from a bog of higher level, through fire hose and 5 inch pipe to a pump formerly used for Of- fice of Civilian Defense purposes, (Continued on Page 16) Eleven (^ditMals ISSUE OF JANUARY, 1947 Vol. 11 No. 9 \J ^^'^»**'^'«*4^^?1 FRIENDLY COMPETITION THE past year saw two major cooperat- ives in the cranberry industry, each handling both fresh and processed berries for its members. In the main ACE stuck to its original field of marketing fresh fruit, and the NCA, formed out of Cran- berry Canners, Inc., processed the greater part of its berries. Each was attempting to get good re- turns for its member growers. Independ- ents were also determined to get a good profit back to the growers of the berries they handled. All succeeded, for it was the most prosperous year for growers ever. This successful marketing was accom- plished, of course, against the backdrop of a year of general top prosperity. Not one of these units should, or as far as we know, does claim the success of '46 solely to its skillful handling of operations. A crop which barely missed equaling the all-time 1937 record production, however, was marketed quickly, at top prices and with no trouble except toward the very end of the disposal of this truly big crop. No one can deny there was the keenest competition involved in the marketing of the 1946 crop. It is generally recognized that competition can be stimulating if com- petition is clean and fair. Competitors can be fair, or they can be spiteful and be destructive in their competition. Bitter- ness does not have to be involved. Com- petitors in business even can, and do up- on occasion, lend a helping hand to their rival. Competition calls for alertness. Com- placency and coasting upon laurels previ- ously won are not worth much in a field of open competition. Results, and partic- ularly long-term results are what count. The beginning of a new calendar year is a good time to look at the past, for it is from the past we have learned — oftentimes the hard way — and it is even better as a time to look ahead. The start of a new year is a time for self-evaluation. In a free country of free enterprise each has a right to chart his course as he thinks best. If the course he lays out for himself is an honest one — one which follows the rules of good will and fairness to all others — there should be no criticism or ill-feeling. 1947 can scarcely help being an inter- esting and important year for the cran- CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS Subscription $3.00 per year Advertising rates upon application Editor and Publisher CLARENCE J. HALL CORRESPONDENTS-ADVISORS Wisconsin VERNON GOLDSWORTHY Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin Washington-Oregon J. D. CROWLEY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. ETHEL M. KRANICK Bandon, Oregon Massachusetts DR. HENRY J. FRANKLIN Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareh^m, Mass. BERTRAM TOMLINSON Barnstable County Agricultural Agent Barnstable, Mass. New Jersey CHARLES A. DOEHLERT, New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station, Pemberton, New Jersey berry grower. With the success of last year interest in cranberry growing was never higher. And whether the crop will be a short one or a long one, it would seem as if the grower would continue to have little trouble in finding an outlet for what- ever he may produce, NEW JERSEY growers have said they could stage a come-back in pi'oduc- tion in that state. With 90,000 barrels, as it now turns out, 1946 was certainly at least a step toward that achievement. Doubtless one of the factors in this ad- vancement was told about in this issue — the New Jersey Station — and its hard- working researchers. Twelv* Pictorial Section < o •a l-iM'^ V/s 1*' ,'-\S+ »i_*i W'_>l!l!_^|w^ _? Thirteen mi? '^^ ^W'j.w-j^;. ,^ scs» .c 00 4) eg 1 « V z Fourteen FRUITS FROM HYBRID SEEDLINGS sent to Massachusetts. "Joe" Kelley, County Agent "Dick" Beattie and Dr. Fred Chandler look happy as they discuss berries they ho!d in plates. Berries were picked in Jersey from the 12 selected seedlings to be tested in Massachusetts. (CRANBERRIES Photo) NCA Purchases Helicopter For Use On Massachusetts Bogs Aircraft to be Used by Mem- bers for Spraying-Dusting This Coming Season Will Be "No. 1" Agricultural Machine in U. S. National Cranberry Associa- tion, President Urann has an- nounced, has purchased a heli- copter (See Pictorial Page 13), for use on member bogs in Massachu- setts this coming season in dust- ing and spraying; there is the possibility of one for New Jersey members, and the co-operative has options on two more. Many within the industry will remember that in January 1944 at a Cape club meeting and subsequently, Mr. Urann had spoken of the adapting of the helicopter to cran- berry uses. The machine is a product of the Bell Aircraft Company of Niagara Falls, N. Y., and is described as the "Number One" helicopter for agricultural dusting and spraying in the United States. Helicopters have been rebuilt for experimental work in dusting apple trees, plum, other fruits and berry crops on the Pacific Coast, but this is the first to be specially built for strictly agricultural service. For the time being it will be known as "Number One", but eventually will be provided with a name, as many planes were named during the war. Delivery in Massachusetts is expected in late March or April, and its first use could be to spread copper sulphate for Spring scum while the winter flood is still on. Probably, however, first use will be for gypsy moths, and its oper- ation will continue throughout the insect season. Cost of the plane, as announced at NCA headquarters at Hanson, is $25,000, and housing and main- tenance charges are expected to be relatively light. Where the plane will be based is not yet de- cided. Its use is expected to be developed by areas. As the operator-pilot does not remain in the air for more than four hours at a time, there will be at least two and probably more skilled operators, these men to be furnished through Bell Air- craft. Cost figures prepared by NCA indicate the helicopter will pay for itself in about three years, the charge to member- growers being on a fixed per-hour basis, with the grower paying for the insecticide used. Rates for plane dusting in experiments last year were $5 or $6 per hour, and Mr. Urann estimates the helicopter can be used for about the same figure. It covers a swath of about 60 feet in width and can carry 400 pounds of material. Fifteen TO ALL— A Most Happy and Prosperous New Year and Sincere Thanks for Your Patronage During 1946 It will be appreciated if, in 1947, as in the past, you place orders early. Materials are still hard to get. HAYDEN SEPARATOR MANUFACTURING CO. E. C. St. Jacques WAREHAM, MASS. NCA believes the machine will be especially useful in dusting uplands for gypsy moths, and can be leased to private individuals or to towns for this purpose if not in use on the bogs of members. It could also be used for other crop dusting, such as strawber- ries. Advantages of a helicopter for certain phases of dusting are de- scribed as that it will work on small areas, and on bogs which do not have long, straight runs, but are walled in by trees. Pow- er lines, trees, buildings, or other obstructions about the area to be covered are not obstacles to this type of aircraft as they are to conventional planes which require a longer approach and clearance at the end of each run. The ma- chine can ascend or descend verti- cally and hover. An important factor is that the down draft of the rotor is said to drive the in- secticide down upon the bog floor with force and from the floor it will bounce upwards and cover the underside of the vines. Other uses than insecticide work have been mentioned, and at NCA it was said Frank Kelley, assistant to pi'esident of Bell Air- craft, has stated a single rotor helicopter can be developed which can lift 50,000 pounds and with multi-rotor helii-opters there is "limitless" lift theoretical possi- bilities. When Mr. Urann first mentioned the helicopter in 1944 there was discussion of using such a machine for sanding and for "hauling" away berries, without touching the bog surface. Mr. Kelley is quoted as saying sanding by helicopter is possible. Mr. Kelley has shown movies of the helicopter at work in the Yakima Valley in Washington and explained the machine to groups at A. D. Makepeace office, E. D. Atwood office, in New Jer- sey, and a series of meetings with movies for Massachusetts grow- ers during January is planned. Considerable publicity for the cranberry industry is anticipated this spring when "Number One" is first used on cranberry bogs. The helicopter program for NCA is under Growers' Service Depart- ment, Keith Work, directly in charge. SPRINKLER (Continued from Pa^re 11) giving 120 lb. pressure. The pump was mounted on a trailer. The take-offs were 3 inch pipe. Mr. Waite declared he believed such a sprinkler system would be very valuable on eastern bogs for frost protection and irrigation, and could also be used with an injec- tor for spraying cyanide upon bogs. The cost, he estimated, would be $250 to $300 an acre and probably less. Aceoi'ding to Mr. Waite one man plans this spring to provide a sprinkler system for 6 acres at a cost of about $1200, while he him- self, hopes to be able to protect his own bog of five acres for about $1,000. Miss Ellen Stillman of NCA also is to install for 6 acres next spring. Sprinkler systems have proven very valuable to cranberry grow- ers on the Pacific Coast for a number of years, and interest in more extended use in the East has developed, but was retarded dur- ing the war because of unavailabil- ity of materials. Many growers in the East have seen great possible advantage to the so-called "dry bogs", in particular, and for use on larger bogs on sections which are hard to flood for frosts, or to reach by ditch irrigation. Defi- nite advantages of sprinkler sys- tems which have been pointed out are that s.anty supplies of water can be made more effective, and that in case of "border-line" frost sprinklers could be held off until it became certain a frost would occur. Dr. Franklin, after seeing this demonstration of "giant" sprink- lers, said he was "impressed very favorably", and he "hoped that something can be made of sprink-' lers here in Massachusetts." Kire Hazard One of the best ways, to prevent fires is to clear out rubhi.sh nagu- larly from cellars, attics, closets and garages. Rubbish should be stored only in metal containers until it is disposed of permanently. Sixteen Acreage Survey In Oregon The cranberry-producing areas of Coos and northern tip of Curry counties in Southern Oregon have been surveyed, vs'ith the resultant finding that production might be expected to increase sevenfold within the next few years. This move was sponsored by the Southwest Oregon Cran- berry Club to get a census that would be accurate. One reason for this was to pre- sent figures to the Oregon State Extension Service in Horticulture, so that help might be obtained upon cranberry problems. It has been suggested that Oregon Extension Service have an experimental plot some- where in Coos County. Leadership in this survey was assumed by Jack Hansell, who is assistant to Coun- ty Agent George Jenkins. The survey showed: Present producing acres, 174. Land being prepared or reserved for bog development totals 1313. The survey, it is reported, does not necessarily include all land available and suitable for growing cranberries. There are 96 acres planted, but not yet producing, and 166 acres to be planted this coming year. Of the 174 acres producing, 166 are in Coos County. The McFarlin berry is the most favored, accounting for 112 acres. Other varieties include Stankavich, 31%; Howes, 14 '/2; Searles, 13; Centennial, I'/j; Bennett, 1%. McFarlins originated in Massachusetts, as did the Howes and Cen- tennials, Searles and Bennetts in Wisconin, and the Stankavich is of Oregon origin. Of the growers that are to plant this coming year Mr. Hansell found that Mc- Farlins will be set out on 158 of the 166 acres to be planted, Stankavich 7, and Searles 1. Continuing his survey Mr. Hansell is collecting information as to the number of barrels sold in Coos and Northern Cur- ry counties to find an exact overall aver- age yield being obtained. Dr. Franklin Speaks Dr. Henry J. Franklin was the speaker at the 29th annual Union Agricultural meeting at Worcester Memorial Auditor- ium, Wednesday, January 8th. This is a meeting of about 20 groups representing various branches of agriculture in Massa- chusetts— cooperating with the Massachu- setts Department of Agriculture. Dr. Franklin presented a paper on "Bees on Cranberry Bogs." CRANBERRY SPECIAL This light weight locomotive, de- signed especially for use in cranberry bogs, weighs only 3,250 pounds. It can be used over soft ground and re- quires only easily laid, light weight track which can be traversed at high speeds due to the freedom of wheel movement allowed by Brookville dual spring type, journal suspension. Used for hauling sand cars, it is a great saver of time and labor. Write for further information. Cape Cod Area Distributor RUSSELL A. TRUFANT NORTH CARVER, MASS. BROOKVILLE LOCOMOTIVE WORKS BROOKVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA, U. S. A. Seventeen Edgar W. Loring Massachusetts cranberry indus- try lost a life-long grower on De- cember 19th, when Edgar W. Lor- ing of Kingston died suddenly of a heart illness at the age of 72. Mr. Loring had been planning to leave shortly for Florida for the winter, as had been his custom for some years past. Mr. Loring operated about 100 acres of bog as Edgar W. Loring, Inc., with his two sons, Russell C. and Richard W., and his wife, Helen B., as the other incorpora- tors. The bogs are in Duxbury and Kingston. Besides being in the cranberry business, Mr. Loring had also long conducted a coal and grain business, and this and the bogs will continue to be operated by his sons. Mr. Loring was born in Dux- bury, his father being Edgar F. Loring, who was one of the earli- est growers in the Kingston-Dux- bury area, having built bogs, in- cluding the one at Island Creek, Duxbury, formerly owned by George E. Short and now by Mr. Jacoby. With this cranberry background, Mr. Loring started, out in the cran- berry business for himself in 1899, buying some bogs and building others. Always an independent grower, Mr. Loring sold part of his production through the J. J. Beaton Distributing Agency, Ware- ham, and part through Hall & Cole, Boston. Mr. Loring was long a member of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association, and was also a mem- ber of the South Shore Cranberry club. He was a member of Cor- nerstone Lodge, Masons, Duxbury; Adams Lodge, I. O. 0. P., Kings- ton; Jones River Club, Kingston, social and historical organization. He was active in church affairs of the Kingston First Parish (Uni- tarian); and was for many years an engineer of Kingston iire de- partment, and it was a hobby witn him to help build this into one of the finest town fire depaitments in Southeastern Massachusetts. Mrs. W. H. Andrews Mrs. Jane L. Andrews, 54, wife of Wales H. Andrews, Pt. Indepen- dence, Onset, Massachusetts, died at Tobey Memorial hospital, Ware- ham, December 29, after an illness of only 13 days. Mrs. Andrews was known to most Masachusetts growers, as, with her husband, cranberry grower, she faithfully attended most cranberry gather- ings. These included meetings of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' As- sociation, Cranberry Clubs, New England Cranberry Sales Company and other affairs. Mrs. Andxews was born in East Braintree, Mass., and was a gradu- ate of Braintree High School and Burdett Business College, Boston. She was a past president of the Woman's club of the Boston Wood Trade, of Wareham Monday Club, Point Independence Yacht Club, and was a member of the Tobey Hospital Guild. Very Best Wishes For 1947 JTeter x\« -Lie l3 age PLYMOUTH Tel. 740 Peter A. LeSage '^ YARMOUTH Distributor of Cape Cod Cranberries Tei. Barnstable 107 Eiffbteeo for CRANBERRY BOGS The modern, economical way of irrigation, frost protection, cyanide spraying, and even sand distribution is by Buckner Cranberry sprinklers. Built to Cranberry Bog Specifications #^- giant irrigator high pressure A typical Western Cranberry bog instal- latior, with Buckner's low-pressure sprink- lers efficiently using established water supply. Buckner Cranberry sprinklers were designed by Cranberry Bog engi- neers and are built for economical, trouble-free operation. Choice of models gives you a perfect cur- tain of water for any size bog. Low installation cost. Proven results in all bog sections of the country. See your Buckner representative now — there's one near you, and Buckner Sprinklers are available on short notice du' low al-action pressure ff^cmif^CP FACTORY OFFICES f,'i"„°J%^„':- ^1°/'"'"°'""""° "°' 7658 Calumet Ave. Sales Manager — P. O. Box 232 SfiAluMe^ 9^uikfail&n Nineteen Cape Clubs Have Tentative Program; Winter-Spring Meetings Officers and directors of both lower and upper Cape cranberry clubs meet separately in Decem- ber to plan winter and spring meeting program. Each group was well represented, and al- though each was separate, appar- ently both thought about the same tjrpe of program was desir- able. County Agent Bertram Tomlinson says that Cape cran- berry interest, after this year's big crop and top prices is at an all-time high, at least in many years, and he believes there will be big attendance at these ses- sions. Although all details have not yet been confirmed, the tentative program is summarized by Mr. Tomlinson as follows: Lower Cape Club First meeting — January 14, Har- ■wich chapel. Guest speaker, M. L. Urann, Pres. National Cran- berry Association, who has been asked to discuss the general cran- berry situation with respect to prices, bog values, production and marketing trends, etc. There will also be sound movies. Supper will be served promptly at 6.30 p. m. Second meeting — March 11, Den- nis Grange Hall. Supper served at 6.30 p. m., and the general theme for this meeting will be Grossman's On Cape Cod "EVERYTHING TO BUILD WITH" Opposite R. R. Station Sagamore, Mass. 778 Tels. Sagamore 779 bog building and renovation, fea- turing panel discussion with spec- ial emphasis on the use of heavy equipment and labor-saving de- vices, also sound motion pictures. Third meeting — April 15, Or- leans. Supper at 6.30. This meet- ing will feature pest control, with special emphasis on the 1947 pest control chart by Dr. Franklin, weed control by Dr. Chester Cross, and it is hoped that Ferris Waite can discuss the cranberry chemi3al supply situation. In ad- dition, it is hoped we may have a display of some cranberry equip- ment and a speaker to discuss this topic. Upper Cape The upper Cape group will have all their meetings at Bruce Hall, Cotuit. The first meeting to be- gin with a supper served at 6.30, Monday, Jan. 13th. M. L. Urann was requested to speak on the same topic selected by the lower Cape group, and Russell Make- peace has been invited to give an illustrated talk on airplane dust- ing. Second meeting — March 10th. Supper at 6.30, and here again, we expect to have a panel discussion to explain the use of labor-saving equipment, also weed control by Dr. Chester Cross, the fundament- als to consider in cranberry bog fertilizers by Dr. Fred Chandler. Movies if time permits. Third meeting — April 14. Sup- per at 6.30. Pest control chart for 1947 to be explained by Dr. Franklin, chemical supplies &r cranberry growers, Ferris Waite, cranberry equipment including ir- rigation, brief talk by dealers. Jean Nash Is Made Director Miss Jean Nash, daughter of the late Mr. and Mrs. Guy Nash, who, with her brother. Dr. Phileo Nash, own the Biron Cranberry Com- pany, was honored in December by being elected director of Wis- consin Cranberry Sales Co. She is the second women to so serve, the other being the late Lucetta Case, who was a director a num- ber of years ago. Miss Nash takes her father's place in the di- rectorship. Other directors elected were Tony Jonjak, Den Rezin, Keith Bennett, Newell Jasperson, Guy 0. Babcock and William F. Huffman. These directors re-elected Mr. Huffman president of the com- pany; Rezin, vice president; and for consolidated office of secretary THOMAS BROTHERS General Contractors MIDDLEBORO, MASS.. Tel. Middleboro 772 Concrete Flumes and Pumpwells Transit Mix Concrete Complete Line of Construction Equipment Excavating - Grading - Hauling Leave the Tough Jobs for Us Our Experience is Your Guarantee Twenty and treasurer, C. D. Hammond, Jr. Nominated for 3-year term to American Cranberry Exchange di- ectors was Craig S:ott, who has served one term; Harold DeLong, one-year term to fill a vacancy left on the board by the relinquish- ing of a seat to Wisconsin by New Jersey. Other directors are B. C. Brazeau and Vernon Goldswor- thy. G. A. Getz-n is alternate. NCA Meeting in Wisconsin, Jersey Meetings of New Jei-sey and Wisconsin members of NCA were held during Decamber, Mr. Urann and other officials from the head- quarters in Massachusetts being present. At the Bordentown plant in New Jersey, Mr. Urann told of the pur- chase of the helicopter, and point- ed out that through cooperative selling of such things as cranber- ries, farmers can control their mar- kets and provide consumers with a high quality product at reasonable prices. Keith Work, assistant to Mr. Urann, was also a speaker, as was Miss Ellen Stillman, the lat- ter emphasizing the value of an ac- cepted, trade name in selling food products, and pointed to the suc- cess of "Ocean Spray". E. V. Lipman, New Jersey direc- tor of growers' relations of the as- sociation, told of the increase in membership, giving it as approxi- mately 850, of whom 100 are m New Jersey. During the past few weeks, 25 members had joined in that state. Joseph Darlington of Whitesbog, acting manager for J. J. White Company, was elected chairman of the State Advisory Committee of the National. Other members are Isaac Harrison, Theod.ore Budd, Jr., Enoch F. Bills, William Haines, Joseph Palmer and Mr. Lipman, secretary. In Wisconsin, Messrs. Urann and Work and Miss Stillman were also speakers. Mr. Urann discussed the new 12-ounce cellophane pack- age, the purchase of the helicopter, and the fresh fruit situation at the end of the marketing season. Director Charles L. Lewis was another speaker, as was M. S. An- derson, sales manager of NCA's North Chicago plant. Guy O. Pot- ter, also a director, gave a report on a machine installed, at his marsh for packing cranberries in cello- phane. Dr. C. I. Gunness Christian I. Gunness, Head of the Division of Engineering at Massachusetts State College, died Saturday morning, December 21, in Cooley-Dickenson Hospital, Northampton, where he had been for two weeks after a heart at- CRANBERRY GROWERS WATCH US! FROM NOW ON WE HAVE SOMETHING INTERESTING FOR YOU AIRBORNE SPRAYER, INC. 20 Mill Street Arlington, Mass. Arlington 0128-J Many Models For Spraying Cranberries Every bog presents a different problem. Hardie specialized high pressure sprayers are built in a wide range of sizes and styles for both large and small acreages. Write for the Hardie 1947 Catalog illus- trating and describing sprayers delivering from 4 to 80 gallons per minute, spray booms, guns and ac- cessories. The Hardie l^.fg. Co. Los Angeles, Calif. Hudson, Mich. Portland, Oregon r ep^nciable SprciyeKS ^ 'S4; /— -— PERFECT AGITATION C t> M P L E T E L U B R I C ATI ON Twenty-one tack. Professor Gunness was born in Abercromblie, North Dakota, July 23, 1882. He graduated from North Dakota Agricultural College in 1907 with a Bachelor of Sci- ence Degree in Mechanical Engin- eering. After his graduation he was at first instructor and later Assistant Professor of Engineering, North Dakota Agricultural College, un- til 1912. He then accepted a po- sition as Superintendent of the School of Tractioneering at La- porte, Indiana, where he remained for two years. He came to Mas- sachusetts State College as Head of the Department of Agricultural Engineering in 1914, a position which he held until his death. During his 32 years of service as Head of the Division of Engin- eering at Massachusetts State College he built up a strong de- partment and became well known in New England agricultural cir- cles for his pioneer work in rural electrification and in refrigerated storage for fruits and vegetables. CRANBERRIES Packed for PLYMOUTH - MASSACHUSETTS by Stokelys . FINEST FOODS NEW BEDFORD - MASSACHUSETTS He will be remembered by many cranberry growers for his work in the storage of cranberries, a field in which he made notable conti'i- butions. He was a member of the Amer- ican Society of Agricultural Engi- neers and the American Society of Engineering Education. He is survived by his wife, Eliz- abeth; a daughter, Marion; a son, Robert C; two brothers, and seven sisters. Cranberry Industry Represented at Big- Boston AAAS Session The cranberry industry was well represented, at the "gigantic" an- nual meeting of the American As- sociation for the Advancement of Science at Boston, lasting from December 26 to December 30, and attended by more than 6,000 scien- tists. Those present included Dr. H. F. Bergman, Dr. Chester Cross and Dr. F. B. Chandler of Massa- chusetts, Charles A Doehlert of New Jersey, Dr. J. Harold Clai-k of Guy C. Myers "Cranguyma", Long Beach, Washington, and Dr. Neil E. Stevens, University of Illinois. Taking part in one of the pro- grams was Dr. Chandler, who read a blueberry paper before the Small Fruits Section of the American So- ciety of Horticultural Sciences. The New England division of this latter group is to visit the Plymouth and Barnstable County cranberry areas and the Experi- menta Station at East Wareham next summer, at a date to be de- termined later. A meeting will be held at Mass. State College, Am- herst, followed by a two or three day trip to Waltham Field Station and Southeastern Massachusetts, where the fruit men will observe cranberry bogs and probably Cape strawberry and other fruit activi- ties. Arrangements to the cran- berry district will be made through Dr. Chandler and County Agents Beattie and Tomlinson. Honeybees (Continued irom Paffe 7) more than one-sixth the number of field bees available from a full- strength colony. Twenty-two Until the many questions per- taining to cranberry pollination can be answered, the growers f hould use as many colonies of bees as possible to provide for pol- lination under the most unfavorable conditions. The colonies should be built up to maximum strength be- fore blossoming time. This re- quires productive queens, abundant stores of honey and pollen, and hive space properly organized for rapid colony development and swarm prevention. USDA Circular 702, "Produ tive Management of Honeybee Colonies in the Northern States", will prove helpful in the management of strong colonies. STANLEY BENSON SPEAKER Stanley Benson, New England Cranberry Sales Company, was a speaker at the "Young Farmers' Club" meeting, West Bridgewater, December 19. Mr. Benson talked upon the "Cranberry Industry", telling the story from construction of a bog, to the picking and mar- keting of the berries. His talk was illustrated by a movie. 1945 Marketing (Continued from Page 5) amount, plus about 100,000 in the other areas. A brief summary of the ACE Rain When You Want It RAIN BIRD SPRINKLERS For Cranberry Frost Protection and Irrigation Rain Bird Sprinkling systems do the job you want them to do, when you want it. All working parts are accessible and fool proof. Oscillator arm breaks up stream to give maximum benefit. Consult Rain Bird engineering department for advice on your irrigation problems. For complete information on Rain Bird Sprinkling Systems, write, For the East and Midwest L. R. NELSON MFG. CO. Peoria, Illinois *** JOSEPH BRECK & SONS 85 State Street Boston, Mass. On the Pacific Coast R. M. WADE and CO. Portland, Oregon *** OREGON CULVERT CO. Portland, Oregon RAIN BIRD SPRINKLER MFG. CO. GLENDORA, CALIF. marketing season was sent to CRANBERRIES by C. M. Chaney, the letter following: It has been another one of those unusual, in fact, I would very unusual, seasons. I have my doubts if any of us of mid- dle age or beyond will live to see another similar season in-' sofar as prices are concerned.' You are, of course, aware of the fact that for the past five years the demand, at least for fresh cranberries, has been considerably in excess of the supply, and by reason of this fact the trade as a whole have endeavored to increase theirj volume of business on our commodity. ! The Exchange opening price] on Early Blacks, as you know,! was on the bases of §26.00 perl barrel and it was sustained with an upward tendency. Therefore, I think it is safe to say that the average price on Early Blacks sold by the Ex-i change on the fresh market: this year is the highest on; record. ■ Very soon after our price on' Early Blacks was announced, the customers began to bid for' additional supplies. We, and I think all shippers and dis-: tributing agents for fresh cran- berries, endeavored to make as broad a distribution of our supplies as possible through- out the United States and Can- ada, not only on Early Blacks but on the other varieies, and. in these efforts we, of course, had to prorate, or possibly a better term would be ration. As you know, there was also a pentup demand for process- ing berries, and the processors also followed the bidding up of Attention Cranberry Growers ! ! We have Drain Pipe Large Sized Terra Cotta Makes a Permanent Installation RALPH W. ELLIOT Sandwich Rd., Wareham, Mass. TeL Wareham 794 Mail Address: Buzzards Bay, RFD Plumbing and Heating Service Twenty-three We are "All Set" to serve Massachusetts Growers * WITH ANY JOB OF BOG RENOVATION. * NEW BOG CONSTRUCTION * BOG MAINTENANCE We have Power Shovels (3) ; Tractor Bulldozers (3) ; Cranes, Scrapers, 90- Yard Sci*eener; Power Winches, Draggers; Road Grader — 30 competent Oper- ators and employes— AND THE NECESSARY EXPERIENCE AND KNOW- HOW. E. T. Cault Transportation Co. Pranconia Service Station Freight Transportation (including cranberries in season). Heavy equipment hauling. Tel. 227 Franconia Coal Co. Water-White Kerosene for Weed Control this spring. Tel. 39-R Tires, Tubes, Batteries, Auto and Truck Re- pairing and Greasing. Jenney Gasoline and Motor Oils. Distributors for MACK and INTERNATIONAL TRUCKS Tel. 39-R CAULT CONSTRUCTION COMPANY Main St., Wareham, Mass. "EDDIE" T. GAULT, JR. Tel. 227 prices on the part of the fresh fruit trade. As a result of all of this, the price on Late Eastern Varieties reached the peak of §37.00 per barrel, and some sales were made at even high- er prices. Insofar as our fresh fruit sales were concerned, they were over soon after we an- nounced prices on the various varieties from each producing area. Our last shipment on the fresh market from Wiscon- sin was on November 2nd, from New Jersey soon there- after, and from New England there were only a few scat- tered. L. C. L. shipments made after Thanksgiving. One surprising thing to us was the very small percentage of complaints and rejections on shipments made to the fresh fruit trade. To be exact, we had actual rejections for the entire season of two cars and complaints on which al- lowances were justified on two cars and two part cars. We especially want to point cut to you that we had no re- jections and no allowances on any of our shipments to Pa- cific Coast markets. Our sales to processors, part on a participating basis and. Twenty-four part on an outright sales ba- sis, as near as we can figure at this time, were approxi- mately 33% of our member- ship's total production. The prices that we have re- ceived on outright sales to processors and advances on de- liveries to processors on ber- ries handled on a participating or cooperative basis have been very satisfactory. When the final returns are in, I feel rea sonably sure that our mem- bers will be well pleased not only with the returns but with the manner in which we have been able to handle that por- tion of their crop which was better suited for processing than for the fresh market this season. This has been, as you can readily realize, a season especially favorable to pro- cessed cranberries by reason of the sugar shortage. Appar- ently the sugar shortage got worse as the season progress- ed, and as a a result some cus- tomers have found that even though they were not able to buy all of the cranberries they wanted by any means, they had plenty — and some too many. As a result, some mar- kets that found themselves overstocked, have made resales to processors. Fortunately, the processors with whom we have been deal- ing have been very cooperative and have purchased berries from some of our customers at prices that in some instances did not show our customers any loss, and in others the loss is much less than if they had had to dispose o fthem in their own immediate territory. Those of our customers who asked for and obtained such assistance seem to be very ap- preciative. Furthermore, they do not blame us for the sugar shortage, nor do they blame us now for ont selling them all of the cranberries they want- ed at our opening prices. So, as a whole I would say that the trade, that is. those who handle fresh cranberries, have not and do not blame the growers and shippers of cran- berries for any loss that some of them may have made, but rather do they blame it on the short supply of sugar allocated to the housewives of the coun- try. I hope that the growers as a whole will not get the idea that for next season and fu- ture seasons, or when sugar is more equitably allocated, the demand for fresh cranberries will not be back to normal. FRESH FROM THE FIELDS By C J. H. Rainfall Gained For the first time since Labor Day, Massachusetts had a rainfall which was in the normal sector, precipitation as recorded at State Bog, East Wareham, being 4.34 inches, which included an inch and a half of snowfall on the 28th. The minimum temperature for the month was zero on the 26th, and the highest 62 on the 10th. In the background of the long dry spell, this, however, still left many growers without adequate winter coverage at the end of the year. A great deal of acreage was still uncovered, or having only par- tial water protection. In the opinion of Dr. Franklin, there was "probably" no winter- kill up to the year end and "prob- ably" no oxygen deficiency injury, although he would go no further m his statement. The winter months had been definitely on the freak side, unseasonably warm, and buds had progressed more than they normally should. Temperatures had been so high on many days that on the day before Christmas pussy-willows, practically "out", were picked. First day of January was cold and the night brought light snow, turning to light rain the following morning. OREGON Southwestern Oregon Cranberry Club is to hold a meeting in Jan- uary or February to discuss cul- tural problems. It is hoped to obtain an authoritative speaker upon the subject of fertilizer. Lee Vanderlinder, associate editor of the magazine "New Agricultm'e", has been invited to attend. tion. This device is to cut a swath of 20 inches, at the speed of an ordinary walk, and is "aimed" to take the place of six men using regular rake pruners. The device has rollers which pre- vent runners from being cut, yet is set far enough above the up- rights to clear the fruit buds. The Fish-Olson team is also working on a water picking machine, about which more will be printed later. Sumner Fish and Jim Olson are working on a pi'uning attachment for a tractor, the attachment to be delivered to D. J. Crowley at the Washington Experiment Sta- NCA cannery at Coquille was compelled to continue in operation for several weeks longer than was anticipated, due to excess of ber- ries over original estimates, and also because of the berries of new members. First estimate for the canners was 4500 barrels, but the pack turned out to be 6500 barrels. George Lillegaard continues as superintendent of the factory, but due to a shortage of manpower on his own marsh at Ilwaco, Wash- ington, he was forced to be away much of the time. NEW YEAR'S GREETINGS To All Cranberry Growers RESULTS of the Cranberry Season of 1946 again demonstrate the value of cooperative and orderly distribution. New England Cranberry Sales Co. (The Fresh Cranberry Cooperative) 9 Station Street Middleboro, Mass. Twenty-five WISCONSIN At end of 1946 marshes were flooded and there had not been a shortage of water for winter cov- erage, as had been feared possible previously. There was a week or so of poor weather in December, cloudy and warm, and there may have been some damage from oxy- gen deficiency during this period. However, that was only a guess at that time. The weather has been ideal, absolutely no snow at all and very little cold. "CAT" GARDEN TRACTORS PLOW • CULTIVATE • HARROW DISK • SCRAPE AND GRADE Now On Display For Immediate Delivery manufactured by INDUSTRIES H.A.SUDDARD,lnc Route 28, Wareham Tel. Wareham 643 NEW JERSEY The Government Crop Report- ing Service gave the New Jersey cranberry industry a Christmas bonus in the estimate of a 90,000 barrel crop. This is still not a very good average per acre, ac- cording to the standards set by other states, but is well above the ten year (1936-1945) average in New Jersey. Weather Rainfall at Pemberton through December 27 was 2.45 inches, which is almost exactly normal for the month. A half an inch of snow on the 18th accounted for a little of this, but the storm of De- cember 20 and 21 accounted for 2.13 inches of the month's total. Many growers, with uncertain water supplies, took advantage of this heavy rain and put on the winter flood. The mean temperature for the month was about 2° warmer than average (38°); 13° on the 3rd and 27th was the lowest recorded at Pemberton, while it was a balmy 72° on the 10th. Seedlings The planting of the government cranberry seedling selections was finished at Budd's and Cutt's by Mr. Wilcox. The performance of these selections on these bogs will be watched with considerable in- terest, as it is felt that they are very promising indeed. American Cranberry Growers' Association The proceedings of the 77th annual convention of the American Cranberry Growers' Association were mailed out on December 11th to the members. The program for the annual meeting at Camden on January 25th is not completely settled yet, but an interesting and informative meeting is assured with that portion that is already settled. Water Supplies Two New Jersey growers who are convinced of the necessity of adequate water supplies when and where needed have done some- thing about insuring just that during the past year. T. H. Budd at Retreat has tapped Friendship Creek, which is a branch of Ran- cocas Creek, and enlarged and im- proved the system of canals throughout his property. Joseph H. Palmer at Wading River has drawn on the resources of the river of the same name. In an effort to overcome the dan- ger of brackish water he has gone upstream a considerable distance and built an entirely new canal system leading to the bogs. (This proposal was mentioned in an art- icle upon Mr. Palmer, CRANBER-i- RIES, February 1946). We Have Listing of Cranberry Bogs, large or small FOR SALE Geo. A. Cole Agency WILDA HANEY Decas Block Wareham, Massachusetts LLOYD M. HENDRICK Registered Architect Architect-Engineer Public, Commercial and Domestic Work BAKER BLDG. BUZZARDS BAY AND POCASSET, MASS. CRANBERRY REAL ESTATE APPRAISING 17 Court St. Plymouth, Mass. BOG MANAGEMENT Tels: Plymouth 1622 Kingston 319 If you are buying or selling Cranberry Property it will pay you to see us. A number of properties available, more wanted. Twenty-six Blueberries Open House The 15th Annual Blueberry Open House was held on Decem- ber 14th at Pemberton. About 75 growers attended. Due to a prev- ious engagement the first speaker on the program, Paul Mott, was unable to be present to report on the i-esults of this year's Stunt inspection by the N. J. State De- partment of Agriculture. Mr. Doehlert, however, read a letter from Mr. Mott which contained a brief resume of this year's results and a promise of a more detailed mimeographed report later on. Mr. Tomlinson of the Cranberry and Blueberry Laboratory spoke briefly about blueberry bud-mite, blueberry fruitworms, blueberry weevil and the search for Stunt vectors. Possible changes in the blueberry fruitfly dust program were discussed in some detail, as TO ALL OUR FRIENDS We Wish A HAPPY AND PROSPEROUS 1947 "CoUey Cranberry Company" Plymouth, Mass. . Office 17 Court Street Telephone Plymouth 1622 BOLENS GARDEN TRACTORS (WITH SICKLE BAR ATTACHMENT) ENGINE DRIVEN GENERATORS FOR EMERGENCY AND ALL TYPES OF APPLICATIONS BRIGGS & STRATTON ENGINES PORTABLE PUMPS POWER MOWER EQUIPMENT Complete Mechanical Service INDUSTRIAL ENGINES— from Vz H. P. to 100 H. P. "ASK FOR JOE HACKETT" Alan Painten Established 1922 Hanover, Mass. Tel. Hanover 334 the present program is not felt to be giving the protection that is necessary with this insect. J. H. Harman of the Japanese Beetle Quarantine Office at White Horse, N. J., reported on the use of DDT for certifying blueberry plants outside the Japanese Beetle Quarantine area. When applied to the cutting beds or nursei'y, in the presence of and according to the recommendations of an in- spector, plants treated with DDT can be certified as Japanese Bee- tle free without inspection or fur- ther treatment at the time of ship- ment. Ml-. Doehlert of the Cranberry and Blueberry Laboratory com- pared the frosts of 1945 and 1946 and their different effects for the two seasons. He also emphasized the importance of each grower knowing Stunt symptoms so that the grower himself will be able to spot infected bushes early and remove them promptly. Mr. Wilcox of the U. S. D. A. at Pemberton discussed a leaf rust that was prevalent in blueberry cutting beds and appeared in the field this past season. The alter- nate host of this rust is hemlock, which is not common in the blue- berry area, and in ordinary years trouble from it should not be ex- pected. He also reported a marked in- crease of Phomopsis infection, which was a direct result of the very wet 1945 growing season which made ideal conditions for infection in fields or parts of fields that were poorly drained. Better drainage of such areas should remedy the trouble. Continental Red Seal Industrial Engines X M. HACKETT No. Hanover, Mass. Tel. Rockland 1864 ARIENS-7///er THE MOST COMPLETE LINE OF TILLAGE EQUIPMENT IN THE WORLD. CA- PACITIES M IN TO 7 FT CUTTING WIDTHS. ARIENS CO. Box 508 BRILLION. WIS. Twenty-seven Bud-Mite Blueberry bud-mite counts from widely scattered areas in the blueberry district have uncovered rather heavy populations in sev- eral fields. No fields examined were entirely free. Though con- sidered of minor importance in New Jersey, the bud-mite will bear watching, as it may be tak- ing a greater toll of the crop than is now appi-eciated. Mild Weather Continued mild weather through most of December has made for ideal working conditions on both blueberries and cranberries. A good deal of sand was spread on bogs, and with labor a little easier many blueberry growers reported pruning pretty well finished. Both blueberry and cranberry buds have been developing be- cause of this warm weather. Just what it will do to next year's crop depends on future weather devel- opments, but the possibility of serious troubl is there. Cooperative On December 16th the Directors of the Blueberry Cooperative As- sociation met at the Cranberi-y and Blueberry Laboratory to act berry Laboratory and look into on several items of business. A ^-^^ advisability of further expan- research committee was appointed to work with the staff at the Blue- s'°" °^ ^^^ ^tunt project. Be EFFICIENT In 1947 Use ELECTRICITY to obtain the greatest efficiency— in the screenhouse, in the home Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM Tel. 200 PLYMOUTH Tel. 1300 19 4 7 As the New Year Opens- BEST WISHES For Continuing Success and Prosperity and Our pledge is to continue to serve the Cranberry industry faithfully, honestly, and to the best of our ability, as we have in the years past. BEATON'S DISTRffiUTING AGENCY Cape Cod Cranberries WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS Twenty-eiffht P- -to Cl'U' We are appreciative for the patronage we received in 1946 We pledge ourselves anew to s^rvS the cranberry industry in 1947 S<3- its- W^ mk a) MIN-OT FOOD PACKERS, Inc. BRIDGETON, NEW JERSEY Represented by BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY Si iK Of Cranberries Sugar and Cans By HOMER L. GIBBS West Wareham, Mass. (Mr. Gibbs is a director of the American Cranberry Exrhanje and the New England Cranberry Sales Company). I feel that 1946 has been an emergency year for the cranberry industry in this way — housewives had little or no sugar while processors apparently could obtain all they needed. Anticipating the shortage of sugar in the homes, the American Cranberry Ex- change made arrangements for selling to processors all berries it judged should not be sold on the fresh market. That is the way I feel the situation should have been handled, both from the standpoint of this year and the future ; and it was handled skillfully. One of the Exchange's best moves, I think, was the arrangement made for the processing of berries produced by its mem- bers on a participating basis. In this way the Exchange's members were assured maximum prices and the best possible protection. Processors to whom the Exchange de- livered the larger portion of its "canning" berries are in a position to convert them at a minimum cost. They can do this because they operate many months of the year on many other products, thereby reducing their overhead both in processing and sell- ing. This should naturally reduce the cost per unit. " My feeling, in short, is to sell fresh and processed cranberries to as many custom- ers as will contribute to the better distri- bution of our product. I am a member of the Exchange be- cause it is in a position to be impartial about such decisions as this. It has no commitments. And its judgment has prov- en sound for 40 years. That's enough for me. American Cranberry Exchange U. S. Dept. of Agriculture Lie. No. 1 The Cranberry Growers' Cooperative CHICAGO NEW YORK iRVINC A $12,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY 4PE COD lEW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON R. B. WILCOX, of New Jersey +_., The Penalty of Quality In every field, there is always one leader one boss. In Cranberries, the Growers Cranberry Company is conceded by leading growers to be the finest Cooperative Organization, besides be- ing the oldest, in the industry. But leadership imposes obligations. Reaching top-place is difficult. Staying there is still harder. The champion must be ever alert to main- tain that quality of service which brought him leadership. If you are not a member of this excellent organization, you are invited to become one. Growers Cranberry Company, Inc. PEMBERTON, NEW JERSEY Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company The Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company is prepared as usual, in addition to handling both fresh and processed ber- ries for its members, to purchase all growers' supplies of any nature, as well as to give expert cultural and practical in- formation to its members, available through no other source in Wisconsin. WISCONSIN RAPIDS - - . WISCONSIN Remember When • • • • Talk with any grower who has been in the cranberry business for any length of time and you'll hear him say : "I remember when cranberries in Spring and Summer were about as much in demand as refrigerators at the North Pole." "I remember when we sold our top grade berries and dumped the rest be- hind the screenhouses." "I remember when we shipped berries on consignment, only to be told they didn't sell for enough to pay the freight, and then we had to send the money to pay the freight". "I remember when canning berries sold for $2 a barrel, and pies sold for several dollars under the price for standard fruit". "I remember when $8 a barrel for top grade berries, and $4 a barrel for pies was a mighty good price for cranberries." How times have changed! Now canned cranberries are on the market 12 months a year. Now there is a market for all berries, not only the best, but all the rest. Now pies, iloats, and mixed varieties earn just as much money through cooperative processing as does the fanciest fruit. Now there is a variety of canned cranberry products to provide an outlet for increasing crops. Now cranberry growers are sure of a market for even the largest crops, and sure of fair returns. Grower Cooperation helped bring all this about. Grow^er Cooperation w^ill make it continue. National Cranberry Association The growers' national cooperative with 900 members in Massachusetts, New Jersey, Wisconsin, Washington, and Oregon. Canning plants at: _ Hanson, Massachusetts Onset, Massachusetts North Harwich, Massachusetts Coquille, Oregon Bordentown, New Jersey Long Beach, Washington Markham, Washington Plymouth, Massachusetts Dennis, Massachusetts North Chicago, Illinois SERVING THE (pRAiyBERRY INDUSTRYi ADAMS & GOULD Lumber Dealers "Everything Under Covei" East Wareham, Mass. Tel. Wareham 648 Building Material for Bog, Screenhouse and Home Uses Paints - Hardware Attention Cranberry Growers ! ! We have Drain Pipe Large Sized Terra Cotta Makes a Permanent Installation RALPH W. ELLIOT Sandwich Rd., Wareiiam, Mass. Teh Wareham 794 Mali Address : Buzzards Bay, RFD Plumbing and Heating Service KROP-SAVER brand INSECTICIDES FUNGICIDES For the Cranberry Grower CROP-SAVER CHEMICAL COMPANY, Inc. 3511 West Potomac Avenue Chicago 51, Illinois Cape & Vineyard Electric Company Offices: Chatham Falmouth Hyannis Vineyard Haven Established 1848 Hall & Cole Incorporated Commission Merchants and Jobbers 94 Faneuil Hall Market 102 BOSTON, MASS. APPLES AND CRANBERRIES SPECIALTIES Car Lot Receivers The National Bank of Wareham Wareham, Mass. MEMBER FEDERAL OEPOSrT rNaURANCE CORPORATION Acushnet Saw Mills Co. GOOD WOOD BOXES Cranberry Growers Order Harvest and Shipping Boxes New Bedford, Mass. Est. 1865 Wood County National Bank Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin MEMBER FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION We are in a position to manufacture Cranberry Picking Boxes at this season of the year F. H. COLE Established 1707 Manufacturers of Wooden Boxes and Shooks i North Carver, Mass. Tel. 46-5 DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS MASSACHUSETTS Call WAREHAM 162 S. G. M, Packard & Go. Hardware — Locksmiths For Maintenance Supplies USE DYNAMITE The modern way to re- move stumps, excavate rocks, DIG CORES FOR DIKES, and other blasting work in cranberry growing. Speeds up work — reduces costs. CONSULT WITH US ON ANY WORK YOU ARE PLANNING. Trained by Hercules Powder Co. ALTON J. SMITH High St., Hanson, Mass. Tel. Bryantville 209-R-3 IRRIGATION for Cranberries and All Other Purposes SKINNER SYSTEM of IRRIGATION Brookline, Mass. Established 30 years Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK At Screenhousesj, Bo(s and Pumps Means Satisfaction ALFRED PAPPI WAREHAM, MASS. Tal. 620 Serving Western Cranberry Growers with High Quality Products Rotenone Pyrethrum Sabadilla Nicotine Copper Sprays Oil Sprays Lime Sulphur Solution ivilller Products Company Porlland 1, Oregon JOHN HILL Plymouth St. Bryantville, Mass. Offers Cranberry Growers the Value: Of Long Experience in Cranberry Work plus The Latest in Construction- Renovation Equipment, in- cluding: 2 Caterpillar Tractor Bulldozers 2 Power Shovels Sand, Gravel, Crushed Stone Delivered Tel. Bryantville 6422 Morris April Bros. Bridgeton - Tuckahoe New Jersey Apples Cranberries Peaches H. R. Bailey Co. South Carver Massachusetts Manufacturers of CRANBERRY EQUIPMENT Niagara Sprayer & Chemical Co., Inc. Middleport, N. Y. Manufacturers of Lead Arsenate, Rotenone Products, as well as a full line of dusting- machinery. GROWERS AND SHIPPERS Complete line of Insecticides, both for dusting and spraying. We Are Supplying Harvest and Shipping BOXES--NOW Place Your Order With Jesse A. Holmes & Son SOUTH CARVER, MASS. Tel. Carver 10-3 Urge to Attend Massachusetts Schools Exceeds Expectations Cranberry Sessions in Ply- mouth and Barnstable Counties Begun, with High Interest of GIs and Others. Two "cranberry schools" began last month in Massachusetts, the first to open in Plymouth County and the second in Barnstable. Both are sailing along most aus- piciously— far exceeding expecta- tions. "Frankly, I'm a litlte stumped," said Plymouth County Agent "Dick" Beattie when he faced the "class" of the opening cranberry school at the Ellis G. Atwood, screenhouse, January 7th. He said he has anticipated possibly as many as 50 GIs, new bog owners, other beginners interested in cran- berry gi-owing and "key-men", such as foremen, might be inter- ested enough in the fundamentals of cranberry culture to attend a school. Instead, he found an en- rollment of 132, and, the quarters provided by Mr. Atwood packed with a group of obviously keenly- interested men, mostly young, two or three women, and a few grow- ers of long experience, who ex- pressed themselves as being pres- ent because they realized there was always something new to learn. Mr. Beattie explained that the original intention had been to start the school for GIs only, and said the fact the classes had been ex- tended to others was because the cranberry growers themselves had gotten behind the project and brought about its expansion. "These men include 'Mel' and. 'Gibby' Beaton, Mr. Makepeace Mr. Atwood and Ai-thur D. Benson, and others," he said, "and I see some of these here with you cran- berry students. Well, that is al- right, but they may become pro- fessors themselves before this course is over, for this cranberry course study is not a thing we can cram into one year. We will go into other years." The County Agent lost no time in getting down to business and, in- troducing William H. Tufts, Mid- dleboro High School department Four of agriculture, who will administer the GI part of the program. Mr. Tufts, speaking briefly, said the study course might be called a "school", but from the handsome Atwood screenhouse surrounding, a more apt designation might be "Cranberry University". Beattie then introduced Dr. Wil- liam G. Colby, research professor for agronomy at Massachusetts State College, who had the topic for the afternoon, "The Fundamen- tals of Soil". Dr. Colby, whom many Massachusetts growers have heard at Cranberry Associations, was also the instructor for the second class, January 21. At the second, class, there were approximately 155 present, and en- rollment had grown to 183. A count showed 58 GIs attending and of these 18 are enrolled in the "in school" program. Barnstable School The first session in Barnstable was Monday evening, January 20, when 35 attended out of an enroll- ment of 40. Twenty-one of these are GIs. County Agent Bertram Tomlinson gave a brief history of cranberry growing and particularly in Barnstable County and gave the new growers a list of cranberry literature which is available. Second class was scheduled for February 3rd, with Dr. Colby giv- ing the lecture, and they will con- tinue on the first and third Mon- days through April. The first group is being limited, primarily to new men, but if it comes to fill a definite need it may become an an- nual feature. All sessions will be evening, 7.30 to 9. This opportunity to study cran- berry culture is being provided, to give instruction to those who have acquired cranberry bogs recently, and who ai-e seriously interested in a knowledge of modern practices. The course will include (1) Brief History. (2) Bog Land. (3) Bog Renovation. (4) Water Controls; (5) Insects and Diseases. (Q) Fer- tilizing. (7) Sanding. "A number of veterans have al- ready expressed interest in sucli a school," said Mr. Tomlinson, "and veterans would be given preference in enrollments, which will be limit- ed to 20 members at present." "So far as is known, this is the first school course off'ered in cran- berry culture in Barnstable Coun- ty," stated Mr. Tomlinson, who will act as instructor, "and one ob- .iective will be to develop an ag- gressive interest in applying mod- ei-n scientific practices to the cul- ture of cranberries. We expect to make use of special talent at the Cranberry Experiment Station, and also successful cranberry growers, who have established themselves in this industry during the past twen- ty or more years." "About 90 per cent of those at- tending are younger men," Mr. Beattie says, "and we have enough experienced cranberry growers to lead discussions. Growers of the district are to be commended for releasing the men to attend. In many cases this release causes some inconvenience and the grow- ers have been very cooperative, "This school, as far as can be learned, is the first organized at- tempt to teach cranberry growing on such a basis in the United States. The course, taking two years, will give a good fundamen- tal approach to the subject, and, combined with field experience be- ing gained by the students, will cover the field of cranberry grovi'- ing thoroughly. Under the terms of the GI training, ex-servicemen will have to attend both the school and the cranberry club meetings. There is every indication that cran- berry growing in the future will be largely carried, out on a high scien- tific standard." Mr. Beattie also said he thought the school would take a consider- able load off the Station staff of researchers at East Wareham and that newcomers could get a good many answers to questions which ocouri-ed to them through the school program. In Plymouth County, the Exten- sion Service through Mr. Beattie is assisting the Vocational Agricul- tural Department in the program, together with the active Advisory Committee, consisting of the fol- (Contlnued on Page 17) '^ Issue of February, 1947 — Vol. 11, No. 10 Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop, Main St., Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscription, 53.00 per year. Entered as second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post-office at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3, 1879. FRESH FROM THE FIELDS By C J. H. MA.SSACHUSETTS January in Massachusetts was one of the mildest and most de- lightful winter months growers can ever remember. Practically no snow, not much ice formed, less than normal precipitation. As far as the vines were concerned, Dr. Franklin is of the opinion the month would be on the favorable side, there couldn't have been much, if any, injury from oxygen deficiency, no winter kill. On the "bad" side, the growers were able to get in practically no ice sanding. Rainfall as recorded at the Ex- periment Station, East Wareham, was 2.95 inches, the coldest tem- perature reached was 5 above on the 7th and the 10th. The 26th saw temperature reach a high of 57, and the final day of the month was positively spring-like, with thermometers crowding 60. wrsroN.siN Sanding Being Done The Wisconsin growers have been doing a considerable amount of sanding, and January was ideal for such work, as there has been very little snow. Some of the growers who are doing a large amount of sanding are Central Cranberry Company, Whittlesey Marsh, Scott Marsh, Gaynor Cranberry Com- pany and others located in the Mather and Cranmor areas, as well as in northern Wisconsin. New equipment is being used to do much of this work and sanding has progressed rapidly. Some Wisconsin growers will sand four or five acres in a day an inch thick. Oxygen Deficiency The first part of the winter was not too good for the vines, as th.e Floaters Bring Jersey Up to 101,000 Bbls. New Jersey production of last fall, d.ue to the gathering of "float- ers", is shooting- up, according to a release from New Jersey Crop Re- porting Service, Trenton, January 24. Repeating an old maxim, that "A good crop gets better and a poor crop gets poorer", the report says: "The 1946 season certainly fol- lowed this pattern by following the good side of the maxim. Sep- tember reports reflected this trend and each report thereafter. Our main difficulty was keeping pace with the improved situation. From our studies of the 1946 production in New Jersey, several factors are responsible. Weather conditions throughout the entire harvesting operation were all that could be de- sired. The labor supply was ade- quate and the strong demand and high prices resulted in growers literally combing their bogs for every available berry. "This 'floater' problem is always a difiicult one. So much depends upon the season and the other fac- tors mentioned that you cannot definitely determine until the end of the season just what proportion of the total crop they will make up. In some years, the amount is neg- ligible; in others it ranged, from 5 to 15 percent. In the preparation of the August estimate, we cannot ' meausre or include 'floaters' in our estimate. "Now we know the December 1, 1946, estimate of 90,000 bbls. is Ioat and requires revision. As of to date, we have records assembled from all the various sales outlets that the 1946 crop will amount to nearer 101,000 bbls. We are still working on this and these revisions will be published by the U. S. Crop Reporting Service sometime in April or May." The tentative estimates of the disposition of the 1946 production for New Jersey are: (a) for fresh market, 11,500 bbls; (b) for pro- cessing, 89,500 bbls. marshes did not freeze down too rapidly and quite likely there will be some damage in oxygen defici- ency which will show up next spring. Everybody, however, has plenty of water and a good flood is in evidence everywhere. The mild weather in January is not enough to allow any big amount of vines to become exposed, necessitating reflooding. Considerable new planting will take place in Wisconsin next spring and vines planted will be primarily Searls Jumbos, although some growers in the central part of the state prefer McFarlins.. Sales Co. Activities The Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company has been getting supplies such as fertilizer and weed killer and anticipates no trouble in pro- curing growers' supplies in the spring and summer of 1947. New Bean sprayers have been coming in frequently and the growers are getting prepared for spraying for weeds and, grasses in the spring, as well as taking care of insects with this type of equipment, which is very fast and efficient. The Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company made out an exception- ally large amount of income tax re- (Continued on Page 18) Five ''Western Picker'' Discussed at Plymouth County Club Meetings Massachusetts Growers Much Interested in New Coast Machine — R. B. Wilcox of Jersey Speaks — Plan for Better Club- Association Coordination Opening meetings of Plymoutli County cranberry clubs, South- eastern at Rochester Grange hall, January 28 and South Shore at Redmen's hall, Plymouth, the 30th packed a powerful wallop in inter- est for attending growers, a re- cord of 130 at the first and 140 at the second. Both were afternoon sessions, followed by supper and extending into the evening before the growers were willing to depart. Both had a program of "all-star" billing. R. B. Wilcox, associate pathologist, USDA, stationed at the New Jersey cranbeiTy-blue- berry station came up from that state to make his first speaking ap- pearance in Massachusetts; Dr. H. F. Bergman, who holds the corres- ponding position in Massachusetts was back from Massachusetts State College from his winter stay there to talk on "Re- sults of Water Study in 1946"; G. E. Short, president of Cape Cod Cranberrry Growers Association and Director J. T. Brown, Plymouth County Extension discussed the serious problem of "Coordinating the Objectives of the Cranberry Clubs and the Association". Last but not least, R. J. Hillstrom, man- ager of "Western Pickers, Inc." and "Joe" Stankavich, eldest of the three Stankavich brothers who in- vented this picker were complet- ing a round trip if the industry, from home state Oregon through Wisconsin, New Jersey and into Massachusetts. Hillstrom showed colored movies of thrilling scenes along the Oregon and entire West coast (which he had taken himself) and also colored movies of this pic- ker and other West coast pickers harvesting last fall. This is the picker pictured and described in last month's magazine (and shown in action on page 14 of this issue). There is now inter- est from literally coast to coast in this machine. Hilstrom said he was not trying on this trip "to sell" the picker but he wanted the industry to know there was a picking mach- ine actually in production. The users of this consider he said, that the long-desired objective of a sat- isfactory cranberry picking mach- ine actually has been achieved. Un- like other Pacific Coast pickers, this is not a vacuum type machine. "Its a scoop but doesn't work on the ordinary scooping principle of the inclined plane," he said. "It prunes runners and. long vines in picking so it can operate in the heaviest of vines. Instead of pick- ing the berries from the vines this machine can best be described as doing the opposite, picking vines from the berries. Western Picker Mr. Hillstrom is a spontaneous, compelling speaker and certainly held the growers spellbound dur- ing the movies, and in the d.esciip- tion of the machine and its opera- ting methods at long' length. He answered many, many questions fired at him upon various phases. Comment of practically every grower was that this "Western Picker" seemed "very good", and they assuredly wanted, to see such a machine in actual operation for themselves. They were "open minded in their reception of this machine from out of the West, and showed more enthusiasm, perhaps than over any pravious machine. In this thov echoed favorable re- ports whicli have come from the Wp!--t Coast and from Wisconsin. At Plvmouth a show of hand grow- ers interested in buying bought up twenty one. Hillstrom ]\Tv, Hi"=-+vom prnmised to hav" demonstration machines in all areas by r^xt spring and to give ricking d( nionstrations in the fall. This picker is the invention of the three Stankavich brothers, "Joe", "Matt" and "Mike", sons of the late J. F. Stankavich, developer of the Oregon hybrid, the "Stanka- vich variety, the story of whom i.< told on page 10 of this issue. Mr. Hillstrom by profession is an engineer. Oregon-rear. d. he wa.^ graduated from Oregon State Col- lege in 1922, taking a course in me- chanical engineering, and, followed this with a post-graduate course in civil and electrical engineerin;;. He has made engineering and con- truction his profession, and since 1933 has been engaged in Naval and other government construction. Music has been one of his hobbies, and he has conducted and played in orchestras in New York, Chica- go, the Central states, and New Orleans. He has constructed and sold houses, and with his musical inclinations, also conducts a ball- room at Marshfield, Oregon, where he makes his home and. headquar- ters as a registered engineer. The Stankavich brothers were 12 years in bringing this machine to its present state before turning the manufacturing over to the "Western Picker" corporation,, in which Mr. Hillstrom and B. C. Flaxel, ristrict atorney for the Coos Bay area, are the principal stockholders. Mr. Hillstrom told the growers the machines weigh about 150 pounds, are made entirely of alum- inum and stainless steel, are self- propelled by a gas engine, travel- ling at a speed, of a man walking. They will pick an acre a day, and the "thicker the vines and berries the better", as thickness of the berries determines how many bar- rels can be picked in an hour or day. The machines are made in three models: for ordinary scoop- ing a wheel-mounted model, a mod- el with half-track for heavier vines, and the third, a track-laying tractor for tough going. The weight of the machine does not in- jure either berries or vines, he said, and, if the bog is constantly picked clockwise, the pruning fea- tures actually improve the bog from year to year. Methods of distribution have not been determined yet, he said. The machines might be leased on a ber- ry royalty basis, or sold outright to growers. This is a machine which the in- dustry will apparently hear a great deal more about. Vice President Nahum H. Morse acted as chairman at Rochester in the absence of President Carleton D. Hammond, who was on a visit to Wisconsin and Florida. The program was arranged, by County Agent J. Richard Beattie. Orin C. Colley presided at Plymouth. I Dr. H. J. Franklin was the intro- ducer of Mr. Wilcox, saying that he could state that Mr. Wilcox was one of the best research men the cranberry industry has ever had, and that his contributions in false blossom studies have been of "extreme significance". Wilcox Mr. Wilcox proved to be one of the most interesting speakers heard on any Massachusetts club program. He explained how it had been his theory that certain varieties of cranberries were less susceptible to false blossom infec- tion or conversely "more resist- ant", such as Blacks and McFar- lins, not because they were less af- fected by the virus of false blos- som, but because the leafhopper which spreads the disease prefers to feed, on certain varieties. He said this theory had been tested by careful and painstaking tests, showing which varieties the insects most preferred to feed upon, this being similar to a person "picking out the food he preferred in a cafe- teria". This is the origin of the so-called, leafhopper "cafeteria tests". Mr. Wilcox added this matter of "cafeteria preference" was prob- ably more than a "matter of the taste" of the insect. It was be- lieved that the leafhoppers actu- ally could not live when feeding upon certain varieties, and that the insect, instinctively knowing this, avoided those varieties. Tests showed, he said, that if a hopper feeding on these vines did not die, it could not reproduce, or if it d.id, the third generation died out. This led to the thought, he continued, that if this is true, the elimination of varieties leafhoppers can eat, might limit leafhopper population in time, as the insects would starve. He said this, how- ever, is an entomologist's problem, while he is a pathologist, but that "Bill" Tomlinson, associate to Di- rector Doehlert at the New Jersey Station (see article in January is- sue) is conducting experiments along this line. "His experiment seems very promising and I hope he succeeds." Mr. Wilcox injected a few touches of dry humor in his talk, as when he said,, "Jersey has one great 'advantage' over Massachu- setts in that it has so many more leafhoppers, making experiments easier." Following Wilcox was Dr. F. B. Chandler, who briefly continued the story of new varieties and called attention to a display of ten of the twelve hybrid selections which were brought from Jersey for testing in Massachusetts. He asked the growers to examine these and to fill out slips, giving their opinion as to which ones they liked, best in appearance, color, etc. This information would be of help, as the selective program con- tinues to develop, he explained. Dr. Bergman In his talk on water studies. Dr. Bergman made one rather "revo- lutionary" suggestion. This came about after he had shown that studies in 1946 had disclosed, that a bog which had not been flooded at all that year produced a larger crop than bogs which had been. All flood.ed bogs, he estimated, had lost from oxygen deficiency in the winter flood from 4 to 91 percent in production. This particular bog which had a poor record for years had always been given winter flood, but was left dry last year as an experiment. Asked from the floor if this fact suggested, any "modi- fication in winter flowage prac- tices", he said "it might". He had previously said that serious dam- age can be caused from oxygen de- ficiency in as brief a time as three or four or five days, under condi- tions of ice covered, by heavy snow. He said he felt all of last year's damage in this respect had been caused by the heavy snow on ice just before Christmas last year. If this was the case, he replied to the question, it might be possible for growers who had suflicient water and whose bogs could be flowed quickly, to flow only for cold peri- ods, "just as they now flow for frosts". If a warning system could be forked out sufficiently in advance,, bogs might gain by be- ing left out all winter except for the coldest periods. Although last year's oxygen de- ficiency damage came in December, January was normally the danger- ous month, he said, as in February the sun had climbed high enough to provide oxygen through photo- synthesis under normal conditions. (A complete paper by Dr. Berg- man upon his 1946 studies will be published in a later issue.) Introduced briefly was Wm. H. Tufts, Mid,dleboro High School, in charge of GI training at the cran- berry "schools". He said that in 15 years of agricultural experience over the country, he has found cranberry growers "right at the top" in progressiveness and show- ing interest in their work. The Clubs and the Association Following the paper of Mr. Short on the relationship between cran- berry clubs and the Growers' Asso- ciation, Director Brown said each definitely had its place, the associ- ation to furnish forward-looking plans, including necessary state or federal legislation, while the func- tion of the clubs was educational. He said the burdens of costs should be divided, and he did not believe the clubs have worked closely enough with the association. He said he would like to have each club appoint a committee of three to work with a committee of the association to see if an ar- rangement for a membership in both (which would not be manda- tory) could, be worked out. This "full" membership might include some other advantages, including particularly a subscription to CRANBERRIES magazine. Such committees are to be appointed. Mr. Short's suggestions on this very important matter follow: "In stressing the important ob- jectives of cranberry clubs and the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' As- sociation, I want you to know my heart is very close to both organ- izations. "I admire the men who had the foresi,ght 60 years ago to organize and start the Cape Cod, Cranberry Growers' Association. They knew (Continued on Page 17) Seven RAYMOND B. WILCOX Pathologist Rates "Tops" in Research — Knows Cranberries As Only Few Men Do — Continued Able Work in Blue- berries. By CLARENCE J. HALL That, if the scientific contributions of R. B. Wilcox to cranberry culture were even better known by the average grower than they are, the industry would be the beneficiary, would be the unqualified opinion of fellow cranberry research men and of Jersey growers who know him best. His rating among his scientific colleagues is "tops", and his advice to New Jersey growers is considered invaluable to them. As a research man in his field, he is regarded as among the most sound in the country. He knows cranberries as only a few men do. Mr. Wilcox, associate pathologist, U. D. Department of Agriculture, has been stationed in New Jersey since 1928. He is known to every Jer- sey grower who has been in the game very long. He knows New Jei-sev cranberry growing in the same thorough fashion, for instance, that Dr. Franklin knows the Massachusetts field. Mr. Wilcox has probably been on every bog in the Garden State, at one time or another. Through his years of experience he has built up a vast knowledge of the New Jersey cranberry background, the history and characteristics of the individual bogs. His counsel has been of value to Jersey growers on countless oc- casions. Mr. Wilcox's parents were both natives of southern Wisconsin. His father graduated from the University of Wisconsin, married, was employed for several years as a sugar chemist in the South, and then returned to Waterloo, Wis- consin, where he became a practic- ing dentist. Raymond B. was born at Kiowa, Kansas, but lived, dui-ing most of his childhood and youth, in Wisconsin. After graduation from Waterloo High school, he went to St. Louis, where he took various courses at the Missouri Botanical Garden and Washington University. Returning to the Uni- versity of Wisconsin, he received his B. S. A. Degree (in horticul- ture) in 1912, and his Master's De- gree in plant pathology in 1913. With USDA 33 Years From college Mr. Wilcox went directly into the Department of Agriculture, and last August he had completed 33 years of service, working on the diseases of small fruits. He spent three seasons with grapes at Vineland, New Jer- sey, interspersed with investiga- tions, with Dr. Neil E. Stevens, of the transportation diseases of southern strawberries. Then, for three years, he worked on New Jersey cranberries, with a labora- tory at Toms River, Eii-hjl From 1919 to 1928, Mr. Wilcox was concerned with the diseases of raspberries and blackberries in Ohio. There he described the raspberry "streak" disease, and was instrumental in organizing the Ohio Small Fruit Improvement Association for the production of disease-free nursery stock. He was then reassigned to New Jer- sey, first to Toms River again, and finally, in 1930, to Pemberton. With seniority at Pemberton as to cranberry work from then until the present, Mr. Wilcox has quiet- ly pursued his studies on false blossom and on fi-uit rots, publish- ing most of his results in the vari- ous Proceedings of the American Cranberry Growers' Association.* He carried on false blossom inocu- lation experiments with the blunt- nosed leaf hopped; with T. J. Bli- sard, he identified the wild food plants of the insect; and he helped Joe Kelley of East Wareham, Mas- sachusetts, complete a false blos- som survey of New Jersey bogs, during which nearly every bog in the state was visited. Knowing that cranberry varie- ties difi'ered in their resistance to false blossom, he investigated the nature of that resistance. This led to his development of the so-called "cafeteria test", by which he quickly judges the resistance of t variety or seedling, instead o) waiting for several years to learr its behavior in the field. He ha; applied this test to the named va- rieties of cranberries in New Jer- sey, and to several hundred of tht more promising seedlings in the Department's cranberry-breeding project. He was responsible, foi nine years, for the maintenance ol the nursery where these seedling? were tested, and he and John De- lap, his assistant, did most of tht' work. With his "cafeteria test", he helped Mr. Bain make the first selections in 1941, and the final selections in 1945 with Dr. Chand- ler. In the meantime, Mr. Wilcox worked on cranberry fruit rots, which form one of the major prob- lems in New Jersey. For several years he ran incubator tests of the keeping quality of berries from various bogs, using the method of Stevens. With the assistance of Miss Marguerite S. Wilcox (who has also worked with Dr. Bergman in Massachusetts, and who is not related to Mr. Wilcox, though she also came from Wisconsin), he studied the development of cran- berry fungi through the season, both before and after removal of the winter flood. He found that certain soaps and oils, used as spreaders for fungi- cides or insecticides, may reduce the set of fruit or reduce the check of fruit after it is set, while others may be used with safety even dur- ing bloom. He tested many differ- ent fungicides for rot control, but found none superior to bordeaux mixture until the appearance of Fermate. This material gave sen- sational results in 1943 and 1944, but did not control rot during the wet season of 1945. This past summer Wilcox undertook to find out why it failed, and how to avoid another failure. "World's Smallest Field Plots" As an example of his painstak- ing work he had a particularly in- teresting experiment in operation on a section of bog- set aside for the purpose at Whitesbog. Here he was working with what he called "the smallest field plots in the world". These plots were only 3 by 4 feet in size, and although they numbered 100 all told, the en- tire area in use was little more than one twentieth of an acre. There were 20 different treatments, with five replicated plots of each treatment. On these he was us- ing bordeaux and 5 different for- mulas of Fermate, with and with- out spreaders. Thoroughness to Its Ultimate Degree Most experimenters work upon a much larger scale than these relatively minute plots, but Mr. Wilcox finds the tiny plots are of considerable advantage in making an accurate check of results. Each plot was marked off with string, and around each plot was a path for walking, thus avoiding me- chanical injury to the vines on the plots. Small as the plots were, none contained less than 1000 ber- ries, which Mr. Wilcox felt was ample for checking. He has every berry on each small plot harvest- ed, and every berry is examined. In this way he does not "strike an average", as would be done in testing only a certain portion of the crop from a larger plot, but he obtains the exactness of know- ing how many berries were borne on each plot, and what happened to them. This is thoroughness carried to an ultimate degree. Blueberry Work In addition to his cranberry work, Mr. Wilcox has studied blueberry problems. His experi- ments on the life history and con- trol of the "mummy-berry" di- sease and of blueberry Phomopsis, and his studies on the relative keeping quality of blueberry va- rieties, were reported before meet- ings of the Blueberry Cooperative Association. When he first recog- nized blueberry "stunt" as a di- sease, it was believed by some investigators to be due to a de- ficiency of some essential nutri- ent. Mr. Wilcox applied numerous chemicals both to the foliage and to the soil, without benefit. He also tried transmission of the di- sease by budding, without success for two years. Then, in 1941, he found that the symptoms had been carried to healthy plants by this means. This was evidence that the disease was caused by a virus, as is false blossom. Realizing that if not checked the stunt might become as serious on blueberries as false blossom has been on cran- berries, he outlined provisional steps for the investigation and possible control of the disease. It has not been possible for him to pursue these studies personally since 1943, although in 1945 he trained the inspectors of the New Jersey Department of Agriculture in identification of the disease. He retains his interest in this project, and his advice is frequently sought. Mr. Wilcox's work is research, not teaching or extension, but he knows the New Jersey cranberry growers and their bogs, and is interested in the well-being of both. He has always contended as in a paper published in 1932, that the great drop in New Jersey pro- duction was primarily due, not to an accumulation of copper in bog soils as a result of heavy spray- ing, nor to the change from hand picking to scooping, but to the in- roads of false blossom, and that the decline would continue either until control methods had been improved and more widely adopt- ed, or until the more susceptible varieties had been replaced by those with greater resistance. He felt that while rot control and good cultural practices were of great importance, false blossom should be Concern No. 1, with which all other operations should be in harmony, until the problem is "licked". At the present time, when most of the Centennials, Richards, Woolmans and native Jerseys, and many of the Howes, have either gone out of existence or been replaced by Early Blacks, he feels the situation is much changed, but that vigilance against false blossom should not be re- laxed. He hopes that varieties even more resistant than Early Black will eventually come into production. He believes in re-sanding for New Jersey bogs for specific pur- poses, but not as a "cure-all". That much can be done to enable the bogs to withstand scooping without injury. That many un- even bogs could be improved with- out too great cost by taking more water to the high spots and away from the loW areas'. And that when a grower goes to the ex- pense of re-making- and grading a bog, greater attention to these same details or to levelling, and to supplying organic matter to thin soils before re-planting, would give good returns over a long period. Fungicides As to rot control, Mr. Wilcox believes that, while canneries now provide a quick outlet for fruit that will not stand stoi'age, and although some relief may come in the future from varieties more resistant to fungi, fruit rots still make too heavy a drain on grow- ers' profits in New Jersey. He is interested in the development of some satisfactory method of ap- plying fungicides from the air. But, while he has tested many fungicides and recommends them for "bad-rotting bogs, he is even more interested in learning how to avoid the necessity for their use. He has been impressed by the fact that the same variety of cran- bei'ry may rot badly in one bog or part of a bog, but remain quite sound in another location. In 1943 he made a survey of more than 100 bogs to get possible clues to the reason for this. He would like to pursue this study further, believing that a better knowledge of the requirements of the cran- berry plant should lead to greater crops of sound fruit without the application of ' such large quanti- ties of fungicide. Soon after beginning his Depart- ment work, Mr. Wilcox married Hazel Hoag, a native of Waterloo, Wisconsin, who had attended Wat- erloo High school and Lawrence College. Mr. and Mrs. Wilcox live quietly near Burlington, New Jer- sey, not far from the Delaware river. Their daughter, Mrs. Eliz- abeth Strickland, resides with her husband and four children near Clean, New York. Their son, Richard H., is on rhilitary leave from Lafayette College, where he is registered in electrical engineer- ing, with a rating of Aviation Electronics Technician's Mate 2/c. He is at present at Corpus Christi. Texas. Mr. Wilcox has one broth- er. Dr. Arthur N. Wilcox, who is Associate Professor of Horticul- ture at the University of Minne- sota. * Papers of which Mr. Wilcox is the author include; "Adjustment to Cranberry False Blossom in New Jer- sey", American Cranberry Growers' Ak- sociations Convention Proceeding's, 1932 ; "A Factor in Varieties Resistance of Cranberries to the False Blossom Di- sease", Co-author, C. S. Beckwith. J. A. U.. 1933; "Cranberry Fruit Rot in New Jersey," American Cranberry Growers" Association Meeting:, 1934; "The False Blossom Disease ot" Cranberries", with Peckwith, N. J. Aprricultural Experiment Station, Circular 34 8 : "Cranberry Fruit Rots in New Jersey", N. J. Agricultural Experiment Station, Circular 340, 1935: "A Program for Cranberry Rot Control in 1935", American Cranberry Growers' Annual Meeting. 1935 ; "Spraying and Dusting Experiments on Cranberries in New Jersey, 1935", American Cranberry Growers' Association Annual Meetin-^, 1936: "Some Effects of Unusual Weath- er Conditions upon the Growth of Cran- berries", American Cranberry Growers' Association Convention, 1939 ; "Cranber- ry Fruits in New Jersey", New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station, Circu- lar 403, 1940; "Cranberry Seedlings Un- der Trial in New Jersey", American Cranberry Growers' Association Meeting, 1941 ; "Suggestions for Avoiding Cran- berry Rots in New Jersey", American Cranberry Growers' Association Meeting, 1943; "Results with Fermate as a Cran- berry Fungicide in 1945", American Cranberry Growers' Association Meeting, 1946; "Control of Cranberry Fruit Rot by Spraying", U. S. D. A., Circular 723, 1946, with H. F. Bergman. WASHINGTON MEETING The Long Beach Cranberry Club held a January meeting in Can- ners* building, with 27 members attending. Assistant County Agent Nolan Servoss attended and discussed problems. D. J. Crow- ley of the Station told of new ex- periments and problems under consid.eration. Annual election of officers was held, with Leonard Morris suc- ceeding Charles Nelson as presi- dent; Al Sundberg, vice president; Bob Ostgard, secretary; and Mrs. Guide Funke, treasurer. After business, lunch was served by Mrs. Nelson and Mr. and Mrs. Sund- berg. LLOYD M. HENDRICK Registered Architect Architect-Engineer Public, Commercial and Domestic Work BAKER BLDG. BUZZARDS BAY AND POCASSET, MASS. The late J, F. Stankavich and son, ".Toe" Origin of Stankavich Berry Editor's note — "Joe" Stankavich, who made his first visit to the East with R. J. Hillstrom to discuss the "Western Picker", is one of the most at*ive and best-known growers of the Pacific Coast. Besides, operating bog at the "home place" of his father in Coos County, he is now developing new property to the south in Curry County. ARlENS-Tt7/er THE MOST COMPLETE LINE OF TILLAGE EQUIPMENT IN THE WORLD CA. PACITIES H IN TO J FT CUTTING WIDTHS. ARIENS CO. Box 508 BRILLION, WIS. The late Joseph Frederick Stan- kiewicz, a pioneer cranberry grow- er of Bandon, Ore., developed a variety of cranberries which bears the Americanized version of his name, Stankavich. He was born March 19, 1864, at Tryski, Lithuania, of Polish de- scent, and lived there during his boyhood and early manhood. He was married August 6, 1888, to Miss Marie He'en Maczkiewicz. They came to the United States July 4, 1890, and. were naturalized five years later. Mr. Stankiewicz lived in Chicago, Illinois, for two years, then moved to Three Lakes, Wisconsin, where he was interested in harvesting cranberries. Here he lived until 1902, then moved with his family to Oregon. They settled first at Turner, in Marion County, but moved tn Bandon in 1905, estab- lishing a permanent residence on their farm in the New Lake area, south of Bandon, where one of the first commercial cranberry bogs was developed and where Mr. Stan- kiewicz carried on his experimental work that resulted in the now- famous Stankavich plant. Finding wild cranberry vines .erowing in this area, he conceived the idea of commercializing the opportunity and after 1911 had been instrumental in bringing Coos C"unty to the forefront as a cran- berry land. These wild cranberry vines he found in the New Lake area and in a small abandoned marsh near Bandon, where several ^fistern varieties had been planted. 1 here were berries in this planted morsh that had the same charac- teristics as the wild berries found al New Lake. Mr. Stankiewicz at this time compared these local varieties with well-known varieties he acquired from the east, Wiscon- sin, Michigan and the New Eng- land states. After studying these varieties for some time, he discovered that these "ocal varieties had, through r.e'rlect, become intermixed seed- lings that varied in size, shape and color. After noting a few large, early ripening berries, and as it was difficult to trace the plant that these berries came from, the seed was taken from these berries and planted in trial p'ots and selected and tested for acid, content, pec- tin, flavor, color, and uniformity of size. Cuttings were taken from these and planted in a special plot, away from all the others and Tni It is not too early in the year to lay your plans and consult with us POWER DUSTERS POWER SPRAYERS SCREENING EQUIPMENT BOG PUMPS HAYDEN SEPARATOR MANUFACTURING CO. E. C. St. Jacques WAREHAM, MASS. increased by making these cuttings as short as possible to obtain as many plants as could be had. This continued for a good many years before commercial plantings could be made. In the meantime, active cran- berry men from other parts of the Northwest came to investigate this new variety. Among them were Reuben Lyons, J. S. Bellinger and others. A"so D. J. Crowley and men representing the Depart- ment of Agriculture. These men all agreed that this is a definite new variety. It was suggested by them that this berry bear his name, "Stankavich." After the first small shipments were made, they were soon recog- nized on the market and were in good demand, having good size, color, and exceptional keeping qualities. These vines, having a good upright growth, lend them- selves especially to dry scooping and water raking. These berries have their own ad- vantages and disadvantages. They are derived mostly from the west- ern native vines, which makes them an early variety, and due to the long seasons here a period of warm weather, beginning some- times in February, causes them to bud, if they are not under flood water. This makes it necessary to hold the flood water over them until about the 15th of April to insure a uniform crop every year, blooming as early as the last week in April. When this happens, they make a second blooming in August and set berries that develop and ripen along with the latest va- rieties. This late blooming crop produces about a quarter of a normal crop. Knowing the char- acteristics of these berries, a uni- form crop may be had every year by taking care of the flood con- trol. If this is done, they ripen about two weeks earlier than other varieties, excepting the Early Blacks. Mrs. Marie Helen Stankiewicz, together with her three sons, Mathew M., Michael S., and Jos- eph A., still reside at the old es- tate, where the original plantings continue in full bearing. Pioneer Grower of Nova Scotia Passes Away Another landmark in the cran- berry industry has gone with the passing at his home in Auburn, Nova Scotia, on December 8 last, of James Spurgeon Bishop, one of the pioneer growers of that reg- ion, and well known to many of the earlier growers in Massachu- setts, where he was a frequent visitor. Born March 8, 1859, the oldest of four children of John and Eunice (Parker) Bishop, and the last member of the family, he lived his entire life in that community. His wife, the former Arabelle Margeson, and one son, Harold, fatally wounded in World War I, predeceased him. Surviving are two sons. Dr. Fred M. Bishop, Rochester, N. Y., and Dr. John B. Bishop, New York, N. Y., and one daughter, Miss M. Jean Bish- op, at home. Among his many contributions to the community, probably the most noted is that early and abid- ing interest in cranberries which prompted the building of his first bog, as he said, "Sometime before I was twenty-one". This three- acre bog, after over seventy-five years, is still in good production and is an excellent demonstration of the permanence of the industry where proper care and attention are given. After some years of association with a company pro- ject, their holdings were purchased and operated along with the orig- inal bog and a Small fruit and mixed farm. In 1892 the first carload of cran- berries was shipped from Nova Scotia by Mr. Bishop. Keenly in- terested in current events and al- ways ready to help others, his faith in the future of cranberries was shown last fall as he worked every day clearing a new small bog at the rear of his garage. The funeral was held in the United Baptist church, Aylesford, of which he had been deacon since 1900, the service being on Decem- ber 12th. His daughter. Miss Jean, who has been actively engaged in the work with her father for several years, is continuing to manage the bogs. We Have Listing of Cranberry Bogs, large or small FOR SALE Geo. A. Cole Agency WILDA HANEY Decas Block Wareham, Massachusetts Elev (^ditMals ISSUE OF FEBRUARY, 1947 Vol. 11 No. 10 V>' •J^'"''^'**"««<4^^?i NEVER A DULL MOMENT IT'S rather an amazing thing, but here it is dead of winter and you might think growers by and large would be thinking .about something else than cranberry grow- ling. But club attendances are breaking records. And quietly here and there the (pursuit of the really satisfactory picker or Iprobably pickers, is being worked out through these months. There is no inact- ive season in the cranberry game anymore. INDUSTRY GETS "NEW BLOOD" NEW blood, young blood, energetic and ambitious, has for some years been said to be a crying need of the industry; a need most urgent in Massachusetts and New Jersey. There is strong evidence this is coming in. Proof of this is the extraordinary inter- est in the "cranberry schools" which op- ened last month in Massachusetts. These GIs, new bog owners and the be- ginners striving to qualify for the so-called "key men" positions, attending the schools in Plymouth and Barnstable counties, are notably serious and eager in intent. They mean business. They are attending these classes obviously not with the purpose of just occupying their time, of putting in an easy afternoon or evening. Their faces and attitude say plainly they are out to learn something about this business of growing cranberries and making something out of it as a life career. Their absorption into the bloodstream of the industry should be making itself felt within a relatively short time. None of this is said in disparagement of the men and the women who have been at cranberry growing for years. In fact, these growers who might be expected to take their ease, feeling they have gained sufficient experi- ence, also profess they can always learn just a little more. A number of these, and among them the best growers in Massachu- setts, have been quietly taking the rear seats at these schools and listening just as absorbedly as the youngsters. They are attending in large numbers cranberry club meetings, which are definitely sources of fresh information. Twelve CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM. MASSACHUSETTS Subscription $3.00 per year Advertising rates upon application Editor and Publisher CLARENCE J. HALL CORRESPONDENTS-ADVISORS Wisconsin VERNON GOLDSWORTHY Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin Washington-Oregon J. D. CROWLEY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. ETTIEL M. KRANICK Bandon, Oregon Massachusetts DR. HENRY J. FRANKLIN Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Staticr, East Wareham, Mass. BERTRAM TOMLINSON Barnstable County Agricultural Agent Barnstable, Mass. New Jersey CHARLES A. DOEHLERT, New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station, Pemberton, New Jersey There has been much spoken and writ- ten, and this magazine has joined the chorus about the progressiveness of Wis- consin and the Pacific Coast. These areas are assuredly on the up and up, but the older East maybe isn't on the downgrade, not if these newest recruits mean anything. And our guess is that their entering the industry does mean something and some- thing beneficial to this business known as cranberry growing. Pictorial Section mi- i'V^. Editor "Bob" Kornfcld at typewriter; holding copy "Cranberry World", Stan" Benson, New England Cranberry Sales Company. CRANBERRIES Photo, Thirteen I J X. ^ vZ " B as ^*' c I. .. o ** J. « e oX * Mo o o ♦* XJl o w JQ 0) oC IS of « III B z OS'S u s Id »> 15 0J3 » > !F r,:r f^ ^^5^vv . 'X' ■t - ^-V '^ *» ^ J > * * ^ *f ^ '"w V^'^ '^^\^ jn." 'Ntr*^:,, * ■ ' < f^j?i,' Shown at Plymouth County school opening are Instructor Wm. H. Tufts in charge of Gl school program ; and right. Dr. Wm. G. Colby of Massachusetts State College, discussing a problem with Ex-Servicemen Whitman Higgins of Middleboro and Leonard LaForest of Plymouth. (CRANBERRIES Photo) Harvesters bringing the berries ashorp in Oregon, all GIs ; man at right. Martin Kranick, son of Mr. and Mrs. L. M. Kranick, Bandon. Fifteen Covured bogs lie dormant, lonely, through gray February days (CRANBERRIES Photo) Sixteen Schools (Continued from Page 4) lowing: Ferris Waite, NCA; Mr. Atwood; Gilbert T. Beaton, J. J. Beaton Company; Edward Hand- verger, Farm-Home Administra- tion program; A. D. Benson, New England Cranberry Sales Com- pany; Carl Urann, Cape Cod Cran- berry Company; George E. Short, president Cape Cod. Cranberry Growers' Association, and Dr. F. B. Chandler, Experiment Station, East Wareham. The program for the rest of the season follows: February 4 and 18 — A discussion of water including oxygen deter- minations and use of cranberry bogs by Dr. H. F. Bergman, Cran- berry Experiment Station. March 4 — Dr. Chester Cross, Cranbei'ry Experiment Station, a discussion of weeds. March 18— Dr. H. J. Franklin, Cranberry Experiment Station, a discussion of cranberry insects. There will be special field meet- ings during the spring and summer months to further supplement the school. It is stressed that the school program in no way conflicts with the cranberry club activities, since the subjects discussed at the school will be strictly of a funda- mental nature, so that the new men within the industry can benefit from this type of presentation. The program for the cranberry clubs as outlined in the December issue of "Cranberries" is adapted for those with varying degrees of experience and is developed to meet the needs of the more exper- ienced group of growers. ods, new devices, yes, new pests and diseases, are bound to make their appearance. In the time to come, we growers will need more than ever before a stronger, uni- fied association — a Cape Cod Cran- berry Growers' Association with new blood, a larger and stronger membership to be amply repre- sented at the State House and, Washington, D. C. "As first president of the South Shore Cranberry Club for five years, naturally I am just as en- thused with the progress of the clubs. I've seen them grow and have witnessed the excellent edu- cational programs, taught to so many cranberry growers by our up and coming Extension Staff, Ex- periment Station Staff, small grow- ers and big growers, who have spared time during the winter months to listen, to study and pre- pare a program for the coming sea- son's work. They have well sup- ported these clubs." After suggesting the need of wid.er topics than cranberry grow- ing subjects, he continued: "The Cape Cod Cranberry Grow- ers' Association and the Cranberry Clubs have two distinct and differ- ent jobs to do. The Association's objective is to work closely with the Experiment Station Staff — to Plymouth Meetings (Continued from Page 7) that without scientific help, grow- ers could not cultivate cranberries profitably or for commercial sta- bility. All down through the years the association has tried to better the cranberry industry by more and more beneficial state and federal legislation. The association's ac- complishments are an outstanding monument, I feel sure as time goes on, new controls, new meth- find out what is needed, such as equipment, scientific data, frost warnings, and to present these facts to our county, state and fed- eral departments and work in uni- son with our representatives through legislation. "At your club meetings this as- sembled cranberry information, through an educational program, is taught the membership and oth- ers attending. The clubs are do- ing a bang-up job. "It would be hard to criticize either. Here are the points I would like to make emphatically clear: "The association membership has dropped off. The association needs your membership and fee of two dollars to carry on constructively and effectively. The association needs your membership whether you are a club member or not. "Your club needs your member- ship and one dollar fee to carry on efficiently. "I am sure cranberry growers are a constructive group, when they know the facts. The small fee of three dollars a year for both organizations will keep them work- ing together for your security. Now is the time to join both or- ganizations." Colley Cranberry Company Plymouth, Mass. Office 17 Court Street Telephone Plymouth 1622 Seventeen Jersey Growers Hold Interesting" Annual Meeting- One of Features Was Talk of Hillstrom and Western Picker — Enoch F. Bills is Chosen President. A varied and a full program brought a particularly large atten- dance to the 77th Annual Meeting of the American Cranberry Grow- ers' Association at Camden, New Jersey, January 25. President Sharpless opened in the Junior Ballroom of the Walt Whitman Hotel with remarks on. two points, namely, the importance of holding fast to cooperative marketing out- CRANBERRY GROWERS WATCH US! FROM NOW ON WE HAVE SOMETHING INTERESTING FOR YOU AIRBORNE SPRAYER, INC. 20 Mill Street Arlington, Mass. Arlington 0128-J lets whatever they are, and also the need for increased effort in the care of the bogs. C. A. Doehlert presented the Secretary's report covering the work of the Executive committee and the Treasurer's report. Officers were elected, as follows: President, Enoch F. Bills; First Vice President, Daniel Mc. Crabbe; Second Vice President, John Cutts; Secretary-Treasurer, Charles A. Doehlert; Delegates to State Ag- ricultural Convention , Isaiah Haines and Theodore H. Budd, Sr.; alternate delegate, Theodore H. Budd, Jr.; Executive Committee, Officers and Joseph H. Palmer, Francis W. Shai-pless, F. Allison Scammell, Benjamin Cavileer. Joseph H. Palmer gave a report on the work of the N. J. State Wa- ter Policy and Supply Council, of which he is a member. He stated that the proposed impounding of water on the Mullica and Wading Rivers has been abandoned at the present time, but water is still critical in North Jersey and the issue will no doubt come up again with its threat to the existence of many New Jersey cranberry prop- erties, by actual flooding out of some and the raising of the water table in others. An item of interest to the Water Policy and Supply Council right THOMAS BROTHERS General Contractors MIDDLEBORO. MASS. Tel. Midcleboro 772 Concrete Flumes and Pumpwells Transit Mix Concrete Complete Line of Construction Equipment Excavating - Grading - Hauling Leave the Toug-h Jobs for Us Our Experience is Your Guarantee now is the use of ground water for irrigation purposes. If irrigation is carried on too far, it is feared that ground water supplies in some areas may be seriously depleted, so a study of this problem is now be- ing undertaken. After some discussion it was de- cided that the Executive Commit- tee should, study the desirability of the formation of a National Cran- berry Growers' organization and report their findings back to the next meeting. Allison Scammell gave a report on the State Agricultural Conven- tion at Trenton. ' He felt that it will be appropriate for the cran- berry growers again to have a rep- resentative on the State Board of Agriculture. R. B. Wilcox reported on his re- sults with Fermate sprays for the control of fruit rots during the 1946 season. There was very lit- tle difference between the several formulations of Fermate tested, ai! of them being superior to the reg- ular Bordeaux sprays. D. 0. Boster informed the audi- ence of the latest figures on the 1946 cranberry crop for the county and New Jersey in particular. He now estimates 101,000 barrels for New Jersey, of which 89,500 went to processors. William E. Tomlinson, Jr., re- ported on the false yellow-headed fireworm in 1946. He suggested that a name such as false cranber- ry fruitwoim, or Sparganothis fruitworm, would be more appro- priate for this insect because of its fruit-destroying proclivities. June reflows and insecticidal applica- tions have been ineffective in the past. Pyrethrum and cryolite dusts were effective this season, but so many applications were re- quired that the cost would be pro- hibitive in a normal year. Thi' most reliable control so far is gained by holding the winter flood until July. Clyde McGrew read, a paper en- titled, "Where Do We Go From Here?", in which he gave a sum- mary of past and present cranber- ry marketing conditions together with some proposals for future marketing. Dinner was served, at 1 p.m., with Eighteen the meeting resumed at 2.15 p. m., when Charles A. Doehlert report- ed on the cranberry work of the Cranberry and Blueberry Research Laboratory during 1946. Following Mr. Doehlert's talk, movies were shown of the Western Cranberry Picker by R. F. Hill- strom, and crop dusting with the helicopter by Mr. Irvin of the Bell Aircraft Company. Keen interest was shown by the growers on both of these subjects. It is hoped that both of these machines will be op- erating on New Jersey bogs this year. The meeting was turned over to the incommg president, Enoch F. Bills. After thanking the mem- bers of the Association for the honor given to him, Mr. Bills ad- journed the meeting until August 28 next. A Little About "Cranberry World" Editor Kornfeld Robert J. Kornfeld, editor of ACE's recently-launched "Cran- berry World", has brought to his new position a considerable wealth of news experience. Mr. Korn- feld was reared in Brookline, Mass- achusetts. Then, to quote him, "went to Harvard (A. B. '41); was foreign contributor to United States newspapers and wrote radio programs in Mexico for a year af- ter graduation. Then spent eight months in the Army, was given a medical discharge. Was supervisor of the Louisiana Writers' Project for a year and a half. Then news- paper reporter on the San Fran- cisco Examiner for a year. Since then have worked in ad.vertising." His hobbies he gives as travel- ing, sailing, photography, writing letters and short stories. He was married to a New Orleans girl, the then Celia Seiferth, in August, 1945. Mr. and Mrs. Kornfeld are currently making their home in Greenwich Village, New York. Associated with Agricultural Ad- vertising & Research, Inc., Mr. Kornfeld works from the office at 29 West 57th street, New York. Advisory editor of "Cranberry World" is Roy H. Parks of Ithaca, N, Y., whp is editor of "Coiopera- tive Digest", familiar to many cranberry readers. The ACE edi- torial board of "The World" are C. M. Chaney, A. D. Benson, Theo- dore H. Budd, ex officio, Bernard C. brazeau, F. S. Chambers. Mr. Kornfeld in trips over the cranberry areas is becoming known to various growers, and in Massa- chusetts he has been accompanied by Stanley Benson of NECSCO, who is shown with him in the photo on page 13. Fresh from the Fields (Continued from Page 5) ports this year, which was handled by Ralph Sampson. This is one cf the services handled by the Wis- consin Cranberry Sales Company that the growers have found to be of great value and one which they make use of each year. This sei'- vice has resulted, in a great saving to the members, as the Sales Com- pany is familiar with the growei's' problems and the deductions which can be claimed in cranberry grow- ing under income tax laws, both Federal and State. Personals Carl Bernhardt of the Pacific Coast spent two or three days vis- iting Vernon Goldsworthy the early part of January. Rudy Hillstrom and Joe Stankavich recently spent three days in Wisconsin demon- strating their picking machine and discussing and comparing growing conditions in Wisconsin and the West coast. Wm. F. Huffman is now at the Governors Club Hotel at Fort Laud.erdale, Florida. NEW JERSEY Weather Spring-like weather prevailed throughout the month of January. The average daily mean tempera- ture was 37.5 degrees or 3 degrees above normal for the month. The lowest temperature was 11 degrees on the 22nd and the highest was 03 degrees on the 20th. Though many bogs were flooded by the first of the month, several growers did not flood until the cold spell of the 22nd. Growers gen- erally are holding a much shallow- er flood. Thin ice has formed several times but has melted rapidly, so in spite of some small amounts of snow and several long cloudy and rainy spells, oxygen deficiency in- jury is felt to be at a minimum. Sanding With a very successful year and labor easier to find, there have been more bogs sanded in New Jersey this year than ever before. In the past some growers have felt that the native sands were too fine for best results, which may be true, but the feeling is growing that any sand, is a lot better than no sand. Crop "Growing" The New Jersey crop is still growing, according to D. O. Boster. Indications are now that the crop will be very close to 101,000 bar- rels. That is the first six-figure crop since 1937 and has given the growers a lot of much needed en- couragement after the lean years of 1943, 1944 and 1945. HYDRAULICS The flow of water in a canal depends on the head on the intake, the slope or fall in the water surface along the canal, the depth, width and roughness of the canal, entrance and exit losses in control structures and crossings, and the presence of high spots, con- strictions or obstructions. Perhaps you have a canal which does not give the results you desire. Perhaps, by some minor change in construction, you could flow much quicker. Why not find out? RUSSELL A. TRU.FANT Consulting Engineer North Carver, Mass. Nineteen January started out with snow and rain, and precipitation was frequent and ad.equate throughout the month. Tthe total rainfall at Pemberton was 2% inches, occur- ring- on the 1st, 5th and 7th. Total precipitation through the 28th was 3.43 inches, which is the exact ex- pected total for the month. Blueberries On January 4th, a blueberry pruning demonstration was held for the Ocean County growers at Sam Yarnold's field near Toms River. A large group of interest- ed growers attended in spite of cold, windy weather. Persons in attendance were invited to partici- pate by trying their own sheais out on a few bushes after C. A. Doehlert, of the Cranberry and Blueberry Laboratory, d.emonstrat- ed the proper procedure. The meeting was arranged by Richard Hartman, the new Agricultural Agent for Ocean County. Bog Improvement lincreasing Rebuilding and replanting of cranberry bogs is on the increase throughout the cranberry district. A large proportion of them will be set to Early Blacks and planting by mechanical means will be fa- vored. Cranberry growers, being mechanics and inventors out of ne- cessity, will have their own pet planting devices. The important thing is that rebuilding and re- planting is on the increase. USTLON 1^ 78% of AH Ford V-8 Trucks Ever Sold Are Still in Use! i^^^ 'BRING YOUR FORD HOME" TO H. A. SuDDARD Inc. ROUTE 28 iWAREHAM, MASS. TEL. 643 "Western Picker" If the new Western Cranberry Picker is able to pick in New Jer- sey anywhere near as well as Mr. Hillstrom and "Joe" Stankavich said it would, one of New Jersey's knottiest problems will be solved. A record attendance is anticipated at the demonstraion Mr. Hillsrom promised for next summer, and if it will move through the rank New Jersey vines without tearing them up, a ready market is assured. OREGON The canning plant of the Nation- al Cranberry Association at Co- quille is undergoing considerable improvement. A full basement of concrete is about complete, which will double the floor space and en- able the plant to double its capa- city to handle berries. The Association has purchased all the land east of the railroad and extending it to bridge over the Co- quille river. This land has been cleared with a bulldozer, and. a large section is being filled to make a wide road to building. Other improvements are in the near fu- ture. Fourteen new members joined the National this fall. These in- clude James M. Bancroft of North Bend, Ray Bates, Melvin Boak, Helferstine, George Wilson and the Westmoor Cranberry Company of Bandon, John Brody, S. H. Pettit, Martin Russell and Elizabeth Thomas of North Bend, Wayne Handcock, Howard Hull and Frank George of Coquille and Ralph Baird of Port Orford.. Mr. and Mrs. Arthur Randall of Bandon made a trip to Washing- ton the first of the year to visit cranberry marshes and renew ac- quaintances made on former visits. On their trip north they stopped at the Dellmoor Marsh owned and operated by Mrs. Gertrude Dellin- ger and her son Jack. At Grey- land they visited with Victor An- derson, inventor of the suction cranberiy picker with which Ran- dall harvested this year's crop. Eugene Atkinson's SandJake Marsh was inspected on their return trip. On their return to Bandon, they reported that thev had been well Twenty IRRIGATION for CR ANBERRIES FEATURING FLEX-0-SEAL Quick-Coupling- Pipe AND GIANT IRRIGATOR NOZZLES FLEX-O-SEAL PORTABLE IRRIGATION PIPE EXCLUSIVE FEATURES FLEX-O-SEAL Portable Irrigation Pipe is fab- ricated from prime black sheet steel hot dipped galvanized after fabrication. The 3" and 4" pipe is made with butt-welded seam — each length equipped with FLEX-O-SEAL. quick-action coup- ling on one end — the other end is beaded and slightly cupped for extra strength. The 6" and 8" pipe is made with inside Lock- Seam and welded — each length is equipped with FLEX-O-SEAL quick-action coupling on one end — to the other is attached a reinforced male end. FLEX-O-SEAL male pipe ends are made with a reinforced edge rolled accurately to size, and beaded and cupped slightly for extra strength to withstand abuse and to give long service. Compare These Prices 8 inch 20 ft. length $27.50 ti inch 20 ft. length $20.46 length ? 15.40 length with riser outlets $16.40 20 ft. 20 ft. 4 inch 4 inch 3 inch 20 ft. length $ 9.40 All lengths galvanized, complete with gaskets, hooks and bales, handles. 10 ft. lengths available in all sizes. Prices FOB. Chicago. P inch pipe inch pipe inch pipe inch pipe Compare These Exclusive Features Light in weight — can be laid faster. Equipped with handles for easy handling. Quick action coupling speeds up assembling Flexible pressure tight joints makes pipe adaptable for turns and rolling ground. Can be disconnected at any point without disturbing balance of line. Extra heavy, long-life rubber gaskets assure tight joint. High pressures are necessary to successfully operate Giant irrigator type heads. All makes of portable pipe and all gaskets will not stand these pressures. We have operated miles of this pipe on our farm under 130 lbs. pressure for the past 5 years. ressure Loss Data for FLEX-O-SEAL 200 G.P.M. 5.5 lbs. per 100 ft. 300 G.P.M. 3.1 lbs. per 100 ft. 600 G.P.M. 1.4 lbs. per 100 ft. 800 G.P.M. .6 lbs. per 100 ft. GIANT IRRIGATOR HEADS Buckner-perfected and patented dual-action assures positive drive. Pressure variations do not effect slow, sure and even rotation. Large water delivery and longest range give unexcelled performance. Even distribution throughout the entire watered area. Water discharged, through a stream-lined, unobstructed_ flow channel from intake to discharge nozzles guarantees throw in diameter. Simple to operate, easy to adjust and stays adjusted. Especially designed for use under adverse conditions. Few and simple parts combined in rugged con- struction give longest life with maintenance at a minimum. Manufactured to withstand long, continued, hard usage and is heavy weight for this reason. All bearing surfaces protected by patented sand-proof construc- tion which prevents dirt from touching bearing surfaces. Made entirely of best grad.es brass, bronze and ex- pertly machined. •.%ljihAhiit.h.'.iy: T4',r,.iaa',M ^i^:i^\-£:m.7,' ■.jj^i^'^'sI OBSERVE GENTLE RAIN-LIKE SHOWER— WATER DISTRIBUTED OVER GREATEST AREA Giant Rainbird No. 100 — $135.00 PERFORMANCE TABLES FOR GIANT HEADS Buckner No. 72 Nozzle size Pounds Pressure at Head Gals, per minute discharge Diameter coverage in feet 1 in. 1% in. IV4 100 100 90 375 460 500 352 362 384 Vs inch head 70 80 90 100 225 241 256 270 300 310 320 330 1 inch head 70 80 90 100 278 297 316 333 320 330 340 350 $125.00 1 Vs inch head 70 80 90 100 338 361 383 404 345 355 365 375 Through experience gained in actual operation of many miles of Flex-o-Seal Pipe and all types of rotary Sprinkler Heads on our own Cape Cod Farm and from experience in setting up installations on most of the large rotary sprinkler type irrigation systems in New England on tobacco, potato, vegetable and cranberry layouts, we feel qualified to enginner your irrigation requirements. VISIT OUR FARM— SEE THIS EQUIPMENT VEG-ACRE FARMS Irrigation Division, FORESTDALE, CAPE COD, MASS. Manufacturer's distributor for Lightweight — FLEX-O-SEAL — Irrigation Pipe Sprinkle Heads Discharge Fittings Suction Hose Fire Hose Pump Tank Extinguishers LITERATURE — PRICES — LAYOUTS — ESTIMATES FREE ON REQUEST impressed with the size and com- pleteness of the Greyland plant if the National Cranberry Associa- tion. January 13th was an unlucky day for G. M. Alexander, who lost three fingers of his left hand, when a part of the fan blade of a pick- JARI POWER SCYTHE Cuts weeds, grass, brush Write for details CALCO Rainmaker Portable Steel Pipe Milovganite Organic 6% Nitrogen Fertilizer BffTfR /fJR/GAr/ON im WATIR A Model For. Every: Pressure For Farm, OrtSlrd or Truck Garden. Easily and quickly n^nled on any irrigation pip*. Haavy duly ^1» and bronze construction for long terv^ Sand and dirt proof. Wa- ter lubricatedjBarings— no oil or grease re- quired. No ^m moving parts to rapidly wear out. M^Snum coverage— even distri- bution. B ^ BUCKNER MANUFACTURING C0.(;. 1615 Blackstone Ave., Fresno, California BUCKNER SPRINKLERS :s^^//M CO. 1121 WASHINGTON SIKRET WEST NEWTON (!.'.. MA.SS. ing machine came out through the exhaust, and severed the fingers completely. Mr. Alexander is at the Belle Knife hospital, where he will remain until healing takes place. Mr. and Mrs. L. M. Kranick left Bandon Jan. 20 for a trip as far far south as Tucson, Arizona. They plan to visit friends and rela- tives en route. Their son Martin, a graduate engineer, is spending the winter months with the Central Valley Irrigation project at An- tioch, California. Eventually he expects to be a full-fledged cran- berry growei". Oregon has had her share of cold weather. Several new growers were quite concerned when frost lifted their new plantings. The average temperature ranged about 18° during the cold snap. This is rather unusual for southern Ore- gon. Inflation in China is much worse than in the United States. Irene Forsythe of Oregon City, Oregon, a recently returned missionary to that country, writes that she pur- chased two small packages of e- hydrated cranberries for S250.C0 (Chinese money). NCA SECOND ADVANCE NCA paid its second advance to members for berries in January, the opening advance being 20 cents a pound for the first 200 barrels turned in. The January payment brought the total so far up to 25 cents a pound, or §25.00 a hundred- weight. Petroleum Product Spray- In Wisconsin By CHARLES H. LEWIS A few years ago when my fath- er, C. L. Lewis, was visiting cran- berry properties on the West Coast, he found that they were us- ing a volatile petroleum product made by the Standard Oil Co., called "paint base spirits", during the fall and winter months to con- trol grass on their bogs. They sprayed it on the grass only when the vines were in the dormant state, and having no ice or snow, they could use it all winter. When dad returned to Wiscon- sin, he found that the Shell Oil Co., who happened to be our dis- tributor, had the same product, called "mineral spirits". He or- dered two fifty-five gallon di-ums to be sent to the Badger marsh to try out. In the spring and fall of the fol- lowing year when the vines were dormant, we sprayed experiment- ally on the more troublesome grasses. We could see no benefit from our fall spraying, but the spring spraying showed promise. We had sprayed slough grass, wire grass, rattlesnake gass and wide blade, and in every case it showed a marked eff^ect in reducing the grass stands. We also tried it on the wide-leaved plants with no eff^ect. The results on the grass looked good enough to us to jump in a little further, so we ordered 40 drums (2200 gals.) of mineral spirits in the spring of 1944. We sprayed 5 acres with a small 100 CRANBERRY REAL ESTATE APPRAISING 17 Court St. Plymouth, Mass. BOG MANAGEMENT Tels: Plymouth 1622 Kingston 319 If you are buying or selling Cranberry Property it will pay you to see us. A number of properties available, more wanted. Twenty-two gallon power sprayer, and 5 acres with hand sprayers. The power sprayer we found to be much more effective in killing the grass. We stopped spraying when the vines showed signs of growing out of their dormancy. The following year we ordered two carloads (approx. 10,000 gals.) using about a carload and one- half. We covered around 20 acres all with the small power sprayer before it became too late to spray. Last spring we ordered two more carloads and covered 25 to 30 acres with our big, new 500 gal- lon power sprayer. Most of our spraying to date has been done at Beaver Brook on the Badger Cran- berry Co. marsh, and we have used over 20,000 gallons of mineral spirits in spraying. We now have two more cars on order for this season's work. Now, as to the time to apply the spray, method of application, amount of spray material to use, and the results obtained thus far: First — Time to Apply: We have found that the best time for us to apply spray is just after we have taken off our spring flood, when the grass has started to grow and the vines have not. This is usual- ly about May 20th. From then Rain When You Want It RAIN BIRD SPRINKLERS For Cranberry Frost Protection and Irrigation Rain Bird Sprinkling systems do the job you want them to do, when you want it. All working parts are accessible and fool proof. Oscillator arm breaks up stream to give maximum benefit. Consult Rain Bird engineering department for advice on your irrigation problems. For complete information on Rain Bird Sprinkling Systems, write, For the East and Midwest L. R. NELSON MFG. CO. Peoria, Illinois *** JOSEPH BRECK & SONS 85 State Street Boston, Mass. On the Pacific Coast R. M. WADE and CO. Portland, Oregon *« * OREGON CULVERT CO. Portland, Oregon RAEM BIRD SPRINKLER MFG. CO. GLENDORA, CALIF. until the buds show a little swell- ing seems to be the best time to spray. This time varies from year to year. Some years it may be only a few days before the plants have shown enough bud growth to stop spraying, and oth- er years, as has been the case for us the past two, it may be two or three weeks. Second— The Method of Appli- cation: The method we like best at Beaver Brook is with the new power sprayer. It seems that by spraying with more drive under high pressures, the grass kill is greatly increased. We have used two methods of application: one with a small boom of ten nozzles that we built ourselves, and the other with regular spray guns. We liked the guns for patch spraying, but for solid spraying, the boom is much better. How- ever, we have trouble getting even application with the boom and it resulted in getting regular rows of grass which were not complete- ly killed running across the beds we had sprayed. Some of you people who visited our property last summer noticed how well these rows showed up. This effect was due to the fact that the noz- zles sprayed with more drive straight ahead than they did to the sides where they met and were deflected by the spray from noz- zles on either side. However, with the help of Mr. Bain, we have been working and trying to per- Grossman's On Cape Cod "EVERYTHING TO BUILD WITH" Opposite E. R. Station Sagamore, Mass. 778 Tels. Sagamore 779 Twenty-three feet a nozzle which will distribute spray evenly throughout the boom. This we will try next spring. Third — The Amount of Spray Material to Use: The amount of material to use is a little hard to determine as yet. We have found that we used approximately 200 gallons per acre with the boom last spring'. I don't think the amount one uses is as important as the way it is applied, and with perfected methods of application we should be able materially to cut the amount needed to be ef- fective. Fourth — Results to Date: We think we have found a way to con- trol our more serious grasses, es- pecially wire grass and rattle- .snake grass. I don't mean to say that we have eliminated 100 % of all the grass sprayed with one application, or even two or three applications on successive seasons, but we have so reduced the grass that the vines now have a chance, and have grown in and thickened up to a great extent. i With more experimenting we J should be able to improve our methods and get better control of grass. I'm sorry I can't give any facts on the increased crop due to the decreased grass, but we start- ed with this too recently, and it will take a few more years to get the information. I'm convinced the application of mineral spirits has not hurt the dormant vines. It is so volatile that unless quan- tities of it are spilled in one place there is no residue left to collect and injure the cranberry plants. In conclusion I will say that we are quite well satisfied with the re- sults we have obtained thus far, but plan to continue our efforts to improve our methods of application and obtain even better results. (Editor's Note: The foregoing is a talk by Mr. Lewis at a meet- ing of Midwest Cranberry Associ- ation). of the Plymouth cranberry clubs, to make a trip over the Cape, by auto and airplane. This gave Hillstrom the opportunity to take movies of the Cape area of the East Coast to present before or- ganizations, as he showed the West Coast colored movies to the Massa- chusetts clubs. They were driven down the Cape by Arthur D. Ben- son, N. E. Cranberry Sales, who accompanied them on the flight from Cape and Islands Airport, Wareham, to Provincetown and re- turn. Coos Co-op Elects Officers, Plans Warehouse OREGON VISITORS FLY OVER CAPE R. J. Hillstiom and "Joe" Stank- avich of Oregon utilized January 29th, the day between the meetings Nearly 100 members of the Coos Cranberry Cooperative of the Ban- don, Oregon, area met at Bandon in mid-January, heard, reports and elected officers for 1947. Officers re-elected were R. W. Bates, presi- dent; A. B. Woodworth, vice presi- dent; E. A. Gant, secretary-treas- urer. Two new directors were chosen, these being Raymond Wil- Very Best Wishes For 1947 JL eter x\« -Lie 1^ age PLYMOUTH Tel. 740 Peter A. LeSage *=• YARMOUTH Distributor of Cape Cod Cranberries Tei. Barnstable i07 for CRANBERRY BOGS The modern, economical way of irrigation, frost protection, cyanide spraying, and even sand distribution is by Buckner Cranberry sprinklers. giant irrigator high pressure A typical Western Cranberry bog instal- latior. with Buckner's low-pressure sprink- lers efficiently using established water supply. Built to Cranberry Bog Specifications Buckner Cranberry sprinklers were designed by Cranberry Bog engi- neers and are built for economical, trouble-free operation. Choice of models gives you a perfect cur- tain of water for any size bog. Low installation cost. Proven results in all bog sections of the country. See your Buckner representative now — there's one near you, and Buckner Sprinklers are available on short notice dual-action low pressure ^ei6 '^i^^r^S^ FATK^DY DFFirF^ Chicago — C. E. Stewart — Engineering Mgr. — 7658 Calumet Ave. 1 M. Clarke — Sales Monaqer — P. O. Box 2.^2 .^p4lnJden. !)^]Mciailo^ Zc^alpm^ent lj(s^ au^^ 30 i/fea^ Twenty-five son and Charles St. Sure, succeed- ing J. H. Baker and William Biescke. Principal speaker was Fred Spada of the Spada Distributing Company, Portland, Oregon, giv- ing a marketing report. Mr. Spada, who is sales agent for the co-op, summarized the past yeai-'s business and stressed, the evidence of the return to a "buyer's mar- ket"— the normal condition where consumer demands control price. The speaker and the members agreed that in future years the growers would benefit from plac- ing some of the berries with can- ning organizations, selling only the best quality fresh, improving the pack and allowing growers to grade more stringently. A vote of appreciation was given the agent, and. he was retained for the com- ing year. A committee was appointed to investigate sites in connection with the building of a central ware- house and grading shed. This CRANBERRIES Packed for PLYMOUTH - MASSACHUSETTS by Stokelyi vFlNpST FOODS NEW BEDFORD - MASSACHUSETTS committee includes Ennis Losh- baugh, M. R. Hultin and Melvin Boak. A "pot-luck" supper fol- lowed the meeting. Blueberry Co-op To Establish Fellowship Annual Meeting at Pember- ton, New Jersey, Also Votes to Hire Man for Grower Relation and Cul- tural Problems. The annual meeting of the N. J. Blueberry Cooperative Association was held at Pemberton, N. J., on January 10 at 10.30 a. m. In ad- dition to the usual business, two proposals that may prove of con- siderable benefit to the blueberry industry were voted on and ap- proved at the general meeting. The first proposal was the estab- lishment of a Research Fellowship at Rutgers by the Blueberry Co- operative for a period of at least three years. The student chosen would spend about half his time working on the stunt problem un- der the direction of the Cranberry and Blueberry Research Labora- tory, and the other haK would be spent at Rutgers in preparing for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Entomology. The second proposal favorably acted upon was the hiring of a man to handle grower relation problems of the Cooperative. Emphasis was placed on the desirability of hav- ing such a man to diagnose sus- pected stunt bushes for the grow- ers, a service that the Cranberry and. Blueberry Laboratory and State Inspection service personnel cannot be expected to perform. The Cooperative now has 151 members; the New Jersey crop handled in 1946 was 495,640 12-pint crates, about 43 percent of which went to canner.s or freezers; the North Carolina ci'op handled was 31,200 twelve-pint crates. NCA Directors Meet National Cranberry Association directors meeting at Hanson Mon- day, January 27th, acted upon a Twenty-sf3( 1' J£-£M With Cranberries It's Still Cliieck These Plus Values r • Equal in toxicity to straight pyrethrum powders having 50% higher pyrethrins content. More than twice as stable as ordinary pyrethrum powder. Every particle active — no inert fillers. Adheres better than a dry dust. Most economical py- rethrum powder on the market Free flowing-suitable for any application. \\ A/f STIMTOX'A , Yes, when it comes to controlling cran- berry insect pests, there's nothing like the old standby — Stimtox "A". In this quali- ty Powco Brand product, all of the advan- tages of a pyrethrum insecticide are com- bined with the plus values of greater tox- icity and lower cost. Stimtox "A" is more toxic than straight pyrethrum because of a special impregna- tion process which make the pyrethrins — the active principles of pyrethrum — read- ily available on the outer surface of each particle. What's more, Stimtox "A" does not deteriorate rapidly like straight ground pyrethrum because of the protective action of the impregnated oil extract. Stimtox "A" is more economical be- cause of this greater availability of pyre- thrins. In most cases, Stimtox "A" affords a saving of at least 30% over straight ground pyrethrum flowers. ONE PARK AVE, NEW YORK 16, N.Y. iMti OFFICES 350 N. Clark Street, Chicago, 111. 503 Market Street, San Francisco, Calif. Grant BIdg., Pittsburgh, Pa. 5th & Chestnut (Drexel BIdg.) Philadelphia, Pa. CANADA, Charlas Albert Smith Ltd., 123 Liberty Street, Toronto Charles Albert Smith Ltd.. 315 Youvllle Square, Montreal Twenty-seven ters. One vote was to purchase sufficient new equipment for the several plants as to bring NCA packing capacity up to 6,000 bar- rels of cranberries, or 60,000 cases number of forward-looking mat- a day. This would include all plants, and the step was taken in consideration of increasing crops and membership. January sales of sauce were re- ported as 200,000 cases, which was the biggest January sales the can- ning co-op has yet achieved. John Quarles ponited out to directors that when Cranberry Canners was first organized the total pack for the year was only about that fig- ure. Another report was that about 50,000 bbls. of cranberries remain to be packed this coming spring, and. that the plants at Hanson, On- set, and North Chicago have now swung over to the packing of or- ange-cranberi'y marmalade and ap- ricot-cranberry mix to utilize this supply. Nathaniel Ryder reported that Cranberry Credit Corporation at the close of its fiscal year, Decem- ber 31, had in assets §635,000 as compared to $395,000 at the close of the last year. This was the fifth year of the organization, and he said more than §300,000 had been paid in during the year from loans. An agreement was reached whereby NCA has hired the ser- vices of a chief for its helicopter operations this season, the newest method in air dusting and spray- ing. The coordinator is to be Fred Soule, chief pilot for Firestone, who is on leave of absence from that organization. He will direct activities, while two other pilots have been engaged to do the ac- tual flying. The machines will be in Massa- chusetts in March, it is expected, it was announced, and NCA is con- tacting towns, which may want spraying or dusting done to con- trol gypsies; Boy Scout groups, which might want insect control around camps, and. authorities of mosquito-projects. These extra activities,, it is said, are planned to keep the helicopter service busy when there are slack periods in the NCA grower-members' insert schedules. Mass. Blueberry Growers Hold Annual Meeting Massachusetts blueberry grow- ers held a largely-attended and in- teresting meeting, with R. B. Wil- cox of New Jersey the principal speaker, at Daniel Webster Inn, Sandwich, January 27th. Other speakers were Dr. H. J. Franklin, and John Bailey of Massachusetts State College. Mr. Wilcox discussed stunt dis- ease, which is such a great prob- lem in New Jersey, saying stunt has been known for 15 years, and it is now well proven that it is a virus disease, and probably spread by a leafhopper, but which leaf- hopper has not yet been deter- mined. He referred to the studies Wm. H. Tomlinson, Jr., is making in this. He mentioned the new ra- diant heat method of frost control which is being experimentally car- ried out in Michigan. One of these heaters has been described as rais- ing the temperature of an acre from 29 to 37 degrees. The heat. We are "All Set" to serve Massachusetts Growers * WITH ANY JOB OF BOG RENOVATION. * NEW BOG CONSTRUCTION * BOG MAINTENANCE We have Power Shovels (3) ; Tractor Bulldozers (3) ; Cranes, Scrapers, 90- Yard Screener; Power Winches, Draggers; Road Grader — 30 competent Oper- ators and employes— AND THE NECESSARY EXPERIENCE AND KNOW- HOW. E. T. Cault Transportation Co. Franconia Service Station Freight Transportation (including cranberries in season). Heavy equipment hauling. Tel. 227 Franconia Coal Co. Water-White Kerosene for Weed Control this spring. Tel. 39-R Tires, Tubes, Batteries, Auto and Truck Re- pairing and Greasing. Jenney Gasoline and Motor Oils. Distributors for MACK and INTERNATIONAL TRUCKS Tel. 39-R GAULT CONSTRUCTION COMPANY Main St., Wareham, Mass. "EDDIE" T. GAULT, JR. Tel. 227 IVenty-ei^ht however, travels in the manner of light and warms only objects which the rays touch. He said that stunt is extremely serious on three fields in New Jer- sey, but there is apparently none in either Michigan or Massachusetts, but it has developed in Oswego, N. Y., which indicates it might spread to other areas. He praised the work of the Jersey inspectors co prevent infected cuttings from leaving the state, and referred to the new scholarship which is being offered by the New Jex-sey Blue- berry Cooperative. Speaking of blueberry frost damage. Dr. Fi'anklin said that all the bad frosts he had ever known could have been predicted and some preventative measures could possi- bly have been taken. As preven- Continental Red Seal Industrial Engines J. M. HACKETT No. Hanover, Mass. Tel. Rockland 1864 tative means, he mentioned Giant sprinkler heads, such as cranberry growers are to use, and possibly barrels filled with a burning fuel, and the selection of varieties which are more frost resistant. Cabot is notably susceptible to frost injury, he said, and "73", an unnamed var- iety, is the hardiest. He said mulch prevented radiation and was bad from the frost viewpoint. Mr. Bailey also said mulch was bad for frosts. He said, straw, however, is much better than hay and Dixie much better than either. Presiding at the meeting was President Gilbert Beaton. The nominating committee recommend- ed that the club vote to elect offi- cers every two years instead of every year, and it is expected this change will go into effect. For the coming year the same slate was re-elected, this being besides Mr. Beaton president, A. C. Dah- len, vice president; Mrs. Joseph L. Kelley, secretary and treasurer; directors, J. Foxcroft Carleton and Arthur Chandler. Urann "Warns'' of Marketing Dangers Tells Growers at Cape Club Meetings Any Mistakes of '46 May Have Bad Ef- fect in '47 — Bell Helicop- ter Movies Shown and Keith Work Speaks Declaring 1946 to have been a "dangerous year" which may have set up adverse reflections for the cranberry industy for 1947, M. L. Urann, president of NCA, warned growers at the first Barnstable County club meetings of the win- ter that the "seller's market has now become the buyer's market". He said: "if there were any mis- takes made last year we are going to pay dearly for those mistakes in the coming year." "There is no question but what we are in for hard times, how hard we don't know yet. The buying spree is over." He said that when there is a drop in cranberry prices "from $30 to $8 at the close of the season that is a dangerous situa- tion. We sold our cranberries, but Eatmor Cranberries SUCCESSFUL MARKETING Careful plans made by the American Cranberry Exchange for the marketing of the cranberry crop of 1946 has brought financial success to its members. The market ESTABLISHED by the American Cranberry Exchange secured for its members full value for their crops, both fresh and pro- cessed berries. New England Cranberry Sales Co. (The Fresh Cranberry Cooperative) 9 Station Street Middleboro, Mass. Twenty-nine it is the buyer who is taking the loss this year, and next season it may be the growers". Mr. Urann was refei'ring to a certain amount of late fresh fruit which reached the wholesalers at top prices, did not move, and much of which was "returned" for processing. There was a heavy attendance, about 90, at the Upper Cape meet- ings, Bruce Hall, Cotuit, January 13, with supper served at 6.30. The meeting was conducted by President John Shields, and on the program were only Mr. Urann, movies showing Bell helicopters in dusting operations, comparing these with straight wing planes, a movie, "Masters of the Soil". The color film, "False Blossom Di- sease" was not shown at the meeting, which was a long one. Keith Work explained the heli- copter movies after the showing, and said NCA had orders for four and was taking delivery on two for use in Massachusetts. Mr. Urann said NCA was em- barked upon a 10-year program and that last year the mark in production and marketing which it "shot at" was reached. Larger crops are now being produced on the same acreage "thi'ough better cxiltural practices, due to Dr. Franklin and others", he contin- ued, "and we are going to have larger crops also because of new acreage going in. Many GIs have come back, bought old bog and are 'working like beavers' to renovate, and this production will be added. We have acreage and potential for much more than the million-barrel crop right now". The marketing of large crops must be something to be always planned ahead — the good selling conditions of the past few years are over". He said the growers must have "satisfied customers, if we are to carry our job all the way through. This year those customers wiio bought fresh at high prices and had to return them for process- ing are not satisfied." He said: "We are gomg to maintain the reputation of the in- dustry, but it is tough to have 15 or 20 thousand barrels thrown at you for processing late in the sea- son." There is good demand for Ocean Spray sauce, he said. He said there were more than .50 canners operating last year. "They thought they saw a canners' paradise in cranberries". He spoke of the great surplus of canned goods of all kinds today and of the sharp break in canned fruit juices, particularly citrus products. He said Ocean Spray was maintaining its price and would maintain it, and the demand for Ocean Spray continued high. He said NCA was supplying 4,000 customers. He said a definite trend was de- veloping for "ready to serve cran- berry sauce", and that in this market the new 12-ounce pack was receiving excellent reception. "But", he continued, "even though processed cranberries bring more return than fresh fruit we always want two ways to sell cran- berries. This is a matter of in- Cranberry Root Grubs White Grubs'Chokeberry White Violets • Loosestrife Poison Ivy Tlie Massachusetts Craiihrrri/ Station Chart A^o. 1'2 Recommends Para-Dichlorohcnzenc for Root Grubs, White Gnihs, Chokelierrv, ^Yhitc Violets, Loosestrife and Poison Ivy. It siioiikl he applied in Ajjril or early Alay. Quantities \'ary from 7^i; His. per sq. rod \o 1 .'^OO lbs. per aere. Write for details. SOLVAY SALES CORPORATION, 45 Milk St., Boston 9, Mass. ?ARA-DICHLOROBENZENi Distributed in Massachusetts by CRANBERRY TRADING POST Thirty 'lUranco. As growei's, we must al- ways control the market". As a forecast for 1947 he said one of three things would happen: (1) "the two big co-ops will get together (but I am now afraid this s a darn slim chance); (2) the growers can use NCA as their tool to command the market; (3) or the grower will lose control and commercial canners will dictate the price." He said he hoped the two co-ops could get tog-ether, but if not, NCA has an organization which covers the country. Following the movie, Mr. Work told of the advantages of the heli- copter over straight wing planes, pointing out the ease with which they can be handled, the fact they actually dust 45-48 minutes in an BOLENS GARDEN TRACTORS (WITH SICKLE BAR ATTACHMENT) ENGINE DRIVEN GENERATORS FOR EMERGENCY AND ALL TYPES OF APPLICATIONS BRIGGS & STRATTON ENGINES PORTABLE PUMPS POWER MOWER EQUIPMENT Complete Mechanical Service INDUSTRIAL ENGINES— from % H. P. to 100 H. P. "ASK FOR JOE HACKETT" Alan Painten Established 1922 Hanover, Mass. Tel. Hanover 334 YOU ARE TAKING A STEP forward when you plan to make more use of ELECTRICITY in the growing of cranberries — and in your home. Plymoufh County Electric Co. WAREHAM Tel. 200 PLYMOUTH Tel. 1300 hour of flying as compared to 20 minutes for the convention plane; that the helicopter can land and load on any dike or field by the bog side which is 15 yards square, the advantages of the downs wirl of the rotors and particularly of the safety of operation of these machines. He said he had flown in one at the Bell factory and had asked the pilot to fly as slow as possible and that he had been taken along at a speed no faster than he "could crawl", had been speeded up to 90 miles an hour and had hovered only six inches above the ground. Cranberries were consid- ered an ideal crop by the Bell of- ficials, he said. He admitted this type of dust- ing had never been tried before and that, frankly, it was an ex- periment, and NCA was attempt- ing that experiment for the good of the growers. He said he hoped the cost might be about six dol- lars an acre, but that would have to be determined by experiment. Dr. Franklin, present at the Co- tuit meeting, and asked by Pres- ident Shields if he had any re- marks, said he was very much in- terested in and impressed by the possibilities of the helicopter and hoped it could be made use of in cranberry work. Not on the program, or speak- ing, but present at Cotuit were E. C. McGrew of New York, American Cranberry Exchange, and C. D. Hammond, Jr., manager of Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company, who, with Mrs. Ham- mond, was visiting in Massachu- setts. The attendance at Harwich was even larger than at Cotuit, there being about 120. In fact, even second tables were unable to care for the overflow and some went home to supper and returned for the program. In his 22 years of experience. County Agent Tomlin- son said this was the first time he ever saw people turned away at a farmers' meeting. At Harwich meeting, which was presided over by President Frederick Ellis, Jr., of Dennisport, the "False Blos- som" movie was shown. Thirty-one CRANBERRY GROWERS! HERE ARE A FEW FACTS For Your Consideration For over a quarter century our Agency has been serving the Indus- try faithfully, honestly and efficiently, always having in mind the wel- fare of the growers. First to recognize the trend to smaller packages. Remember the change from the old barrel to the half-barrel, then to the quarter-barrel which became standard shipping containers? Now a new shipping container, tried out extensively during the 1946 season — results indicate that it will be a popular shipping con- tainer in the futuure. This Agency realized that in order to serve growei's efficiently a two-way outlet for cranberries must be provided, those to be processed, as well as those to be sold as fresh fruit. This Was Accomplislied Ten Years Ago. BEATON'S DISTRffiUTING AGENCY Cape Cod Cranberries WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS Telephone Wareham { J 970 30 Thirty- two We advanced our Growers $24.00 per hundred pounds covering the Early Black Pool and the Late Pool. On January 15, 1947 we forwarded an additional $4.00 per barrel. More to follow. Thanking" all for their splendid cooper- ation and loyalty, MIN-OT FOOD PACKERS, Inc. BRIDGETON, NEW JERSEY Represented by BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY At the Meeting .. . York^N'"Y "!anu«rv'^T?^?t\^''''"^^r^T^'''*'^^^^..'^,"'^=*°'"^' ""^^ting in the Hotel Pennsylvania, New roik, J\. Y January 3 (left to right)— James D. Holman, N. J., alt, Craige Scott Wis • BernarH O Bmzeau^ W.sVV^.ce Pres ; George E. Short, Mass.; Verno^ Goldsworthy, ^Wis. LeBaro'n R Baiker McGrew N ^"-L^t'.'''" ^-i^^r'^f.^^- ^^^.'V ^'^^^ ^''^'■' Theodore H Budd, N }! Pres.f E C getge"A'^bowen''^S;^sTG'eo^:'BHg'is.^="' ''^^^•' ^'^"^^'^ C''^''^'^' ^^ ^'^ «-""• L- Gibbs.Mass.;- i On January 3 it was announced to the direc- tors of the AMERICAN CRANBERRY EX- CHANGE that during the 1946-47 season the Exchange * Sold out earlier that at any time in its 40 years Received the highest prices in its history Would handle the largest dollar volume its history in behalf of its members in The directors voted unanimously that a ris- ing vote of thanks be given the management of the American Cranberry Exchange for the way in which the affairs of the Exchange and the sales and distribution of the 1946 crop had been handled for the best interests of all members. American Cranberry Exchange U. S. Dept. of Agriculture Lie. J^'o. 1 The Cranberry Growers' Cooperative CHICAGO NEW YORK ItKVING A :1>1AUUU,UUU A YtAR INDUblKY APE COD lEW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON RUSSELL A. TRUFANT "Cranberry Grower with Veneer of Engineering" ( Cranberries Phc harch, 1947 30 cents *- Eatmor Cranberries This Brand Stands For a Great Name '.in its field, as great as any in the entire world j. The growers using this brand combine their great resources to produce the world's finest cranberries. ' The Eatmor brand on a box of cranberries is guarantee of quality and value; the finest cranberries that human skill can grow. For the past 35 years our Company has shipped under this famous brand exclusively. If you are not a member of our Company you are invited to become one. Growers Cranberry Company, Inc. PEMBERTON, NEW JERSEY Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company Performs These Services and Many More 1. Markets all fresh berries for its members. 2. Markets all canning berries for its members. 3. Buys all growers' supplies at cost. 4. Complete technical and practical assistance to all grower prob- lems. 5. Furnishes complete income tax services to members if desired. 6. Operates a nursery for the development of new varieties. 7. Leaders in Wisconsin in all fields for the promotion of the Wiscon- sin cranberry industry. 8. Planning, laying out of new marshes and revamping of old marshes 9. Blanket nursery inspecting certificate with the State of Wisconsin for its members. 10. Carries insurance for its members, saving them hundreds of dollars annually. WISCONSIN RAPIDS WISCONSIN T2-Monfh Sales for a One-Month Crop It's a long time since you picked your 1946 crop, but in thousands of stores throughout the country your 1946 cranberries are still being sold — in Sauce in Juice in Orange-Cranberry Marmalade in Apricot-Cranberry Mix. These all-year sales mean security to growers the security of a wider demand for cranberry products, the security of a longer selling season, the security of an outlet for even a 1,000,000 barrel crop. Even while your bogs lie dormant through the winter months, your cooperative works for you to create a greater cranberry demand among more people. National Cranberry Association The growers' cooperative with more than 900 members in every cranberry producing area. Branches at: Hanson, Massachusetts Coquille, Oregon Markham, Washington Onset, Massachusetts North Harwich, Massachusetts Bordentown, New Jersey Long Beach, Washington Plymouth, Massachusetts Dennis, Massachusetts North Chi -ago, Illinois &IREGT0RY EOR €RiyMBERRY GROWERS MASSACHUSETTS Call WAREHAM 162 S. G. M. Packard & Go. Hardware — Locksmiths For Maintenance Supplies USE DYNAMITE The modern way to re- move stumps, excavate rocks, DIG CORES FOR DIKES, and other blasting work in cranberry growing. Speeds up work — reduces costs. CONSULT WITH US ON ANY WORK YOU ARE PLANNING. Trained by Hercules Powder Co. ALTON J. SMITH High St., Hanson, Mass. Tel. Bryantville 209-R-3 IRRIGATION for Cranberries and All Other Purposes SKINNER SYSTEM of IRRIGATION Brookline, Mass. Established 30 years Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK At Screenhousea, Bofs and Pumps Means Satisfaction ALFRED PAPFI WAREHAM. MASS. T*l. 626 Serving Western Cranberry Growers with High Quality Products Rotenone Pyrethrum Sabadilla Nicotine Copper Sprays Oil Sprays Lime Sulphur Solution Miller Products Company Portland 1, Oregon JOHN HILL Plymouth St. Bryantville, Mass. Offers Cranberry Growers the Value: Of Long Experience in Cranberry Work plus The Latest in Construction- Renovation Equipment, in- cluding: 2 Caterpillar Tractor Cull;ozers 2 Power Shovels Sand, Gravel, Crushed Stone Delivered Tel. Bryantville 6422 Morris April Bros. Bridgeton - Tuckahoe New Jersey Apples Cranberries Peaches GROWERS AND SHIPPERS H. R. Bailey Co. South Carver Massachusetts Manirfacturers of CRANBERRY EQUIPMENT Marinette & Menominee Box Co. Marinette, Wisconsin nOXES. BOX SHOCKS. CRATING VVIREBOUND BOXES AND CRATES M & M's 64th Year Serving the Wisconsin Cranberry Growers Harvest and Shipping Boxes Jesse A. Holmes & Son Carver, Mass. Tel. Carver 10-3 SERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY ADAMS & GOULD Acushnet Lumber Dealers Cape & Vineyard Saw Mills Co, "Everything Under Cover" East Wareham, Mass. Electric Company GOOD Tel. Wareham 648 Offices: WOOD BOXES Cranberry Growers Building Material for Bog, Chatham Order Harvest and Shipping Boxes Screenhouse and Home Uses Falmouth Hyannis Vineyard Haven New Bedford, Mass. Paints - Hardware Est. 1865 The Established 1848 Wood PLYMOUTH Hall & Cole NATIONAL BANK Incorporated Commission Merchants County Plymouth and Jobbers National 94 Faneuil Hall Market 102 Bank Massachusetts BOSTON, MASS. APPLES AND CRANBERRIES SPECIALTIES Wisconsin Rapids, Member Federal Deposit Wisconsin Insurance Corporation Car Lot Receivers MEMBER FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION KROP-SAVER The Cranberry Growers: brand National Bank WE ARE IN POSITION TO SUPPLY YOU WITH YOUR INSECTICIDES of 1947 CRANBERRY CON- TAINERS FUNGICIDES also Good Quality For the Cranberry Grower Wareham Wheeling Plank Quotations on Request CROP-SAVER CHEMICAL COMPANY, Inc. Wareham, Mass. F. H. COLE 3511 West Potomac Avenue North Carver, Mass. 1 Chicago 51, Illinois MEMBER FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION Est. 1707 WOODEN BOX MFGR. Lively Mass. Air Insect Control Programs Planned N. E. Sales to Have "V/ind-Mill" Machines and Straight- Wing — NCA Helicopter Schedule is Progressing. Cranberry bugs will 'catch it" from the air in Massachusetts this coming season. In addition to the previously announced helicopter plans of NCA, and, which are further explained below, New England Cranberry Company is to offer its members both helicopter and straight- wing plane service for dusting. Makepeace Company will continue its own dusting by cub in addition to helicopter, and thesre is to be bi-plane service available also. NECSCO sent notices to members to find out how many would want the helicopter and straight wing plane service for d.usting and by the end of February more than 1,000 acres had been signed up, with Manager Benson expecting double that by opening of the season, thus assuring the air service for members. N. E. Sales Negotiations through Director "Ted" Griffith of Plymouth permit- ted an arrangement with a respon- sible commercial concern to pro- vide Bell helicopter service, and the conventional plane service (Piper Cub) from another reliable com- mercial outfit. Response of the membership was heavy, Mr. Ben- son said, there being but a single reply of "not interested," and that from a grower of very small acre- age. New England Sales will not buy a helicopter, as has been done through a separate coporation un- der the NCA program, but will hire the services of both 'copter and plane. Sales Company 'copter service 'S set at a charge of $6.00 an acre, as is NCA, and company members can obtain their materials through the company or individually if they so choose. Arrangements for the servicing of growers through area or other methods, with a minimum charge of $25 (which may be split by grow- ers who are neighbors) ai-e being worked, out and it is announced the service will be ready before May first. E. D. LUNDQUIST CO. 299 MARLBOROUGH ST. BOSTON 16, MASS. Portable Overhead Irrigation For Single Crop Operations Market Gardeners Nurseries Pastures Frost Control for Berries and Fruit NEW ENGLAND NEW YORK NEW JERSEY LAYOUTS ON REQUEST NCA National Cranberry Association has announced formation of a se- parate company to handle helicop- ter service in Massachusetts this season, and notices have been sent out to members requesting return cards, giving information of ser- vice desired. This new corporation is "National Cranberry Service Corpoi-ation," with officers, Fred W. Soule of Bell Helicopter, president; M. L. Urann, vice president; Ellis D. Atwood, treasurer; John C. Makepeace, secretary, and direc- tors, Kenneth Garside, Robert S. Handy and Bernard E. Shaw. NCA reported many inquiries were received from gi-owers seek- ing information and, requesting helicopter service and also from those interested outside the indus- try. These were Boy Scout Coun- cils, tree wardens of town and own- ers of summer camp facilities. The formation of a new corporation en- ables this service to non NCA mem- bers, although it is said the cran- berry work will take precedent over. the "outside" services. The corporation is organized, with a capitalization of 8500,000 and there was a paid-in capital of $28,- 300 subscribed by major growers. Present plans are to divide the Massachusetts cranberry area into ten districts, and growers subscrib- ing to helicopter service within each will be handled while machines arc in that particular area. Properties will be located on contour maps, so that pilots can find their way quickly from property to property. For growers who have held water late, and so would be behind the first schedule, NCA plans to pro- vide second and third, schedules in an area where several bog owners have the same situation. NCA announces the prices for both spraying and dusting is to be S;; per acre, this of course not in- cUiding the cost of materials used. NCA members may obtain thesi- supplies through NCA or directly themselves. NCA is advising mem- bers to consider the suggestion that a forty or fifty foot strip of upland sui'rounding bogs be treated to give more complete production,] and has figured six acres to the mile in 50 foot strips. Four Issue of March, 1947— Vol. 11, No. 11 ** Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop, Main St., Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscription, $3.00 per year. Entered as second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post-office at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3, 1S79. FRESH FROM THE FIELDS By C J. H. mas<;achusetts February was a month on the favorable side, although it was colder than January and a more "seasonal" winter month. There was the heaviest snow of the winter, that being a fall of seven inches as recorded at the State bog on Feb. 21. Precipitation for the month was light, 1.04 inches, East Wareham, Dr. Bergman said the oxygen situation was good with the relatively thin ice which was plenty of sunlight getting through on the bogs. Some ice sanding was accomplish- ed during the lattei' part of the month and some growers got in a fair amount of work at ice sanding with light trucks. Winter ice sand- ing, however, as a whole was not much compared to many years. NEW JERSEY In spite of hopes to the contrary, real winter weather finally arrived in New Jersey early in February and continued, throughout the month. After the unseasonably mild weather of December and January there were high hopes of an open winter with a minimum of snow and ice to worry about. The average daily mean tempera- ture for February was 27.9 degrees, which is 5.7 degrees below normal. The minimum shelter temperature at Pemberton was 4 degrees on the fifth and 6 degrees on the sixth, and the high for the month was 53 degrees on the fourth. Ice formed lapidly and was followed by 4% inches of snow on the 7th and 8th, and on the 20th and 21st 9% inches of snow fell, making for a danger- ous month from the oxygen defi- ciency standpoint. Precipitation, mostly in the form of snow, amounted to 2.69 inches of water through the 25th, which is about 1/3 of an inch below the normal for February. Total snow- fall through the 25th was 17 V3 inches. Some of the growers drew the water from their bogs after the snow covered the ice following the snows of the 8th and 21st. one inspection, and, from a total of 3 percent to not more than 1% ptrcent for the season. Different varieties within one field must not show more than 1 percent stunt at any one inspection, instead of the 2 percent previously tolerated. Final judgement of passing or rejecting of any field for certifica- tion rests on the judgement of the inspector. Blueberries The Blueberry Cooperative As- sociation Research Fellowship has been filled by Philip Marucci. Mr. Marucci is a graduate of Rutgers University and a native of New Jersey. Since serving in a Malaria Control Unit in the Caribbean area d.uring the war he has been work- ing on the Phony Peach Virus Dis- ease investigations at Fort Valley, Georgia. He is expected to start work at Pemberton about March 15th. Blueberries have apparently come through the winter very nice- ly so far. Some terminal buds have been forced prematurely by the warm weather prevailing during the fall and early winter, but ob- servations recently indicate that the buds in general have been un- harmed. On February 7th. Mr. Paul Mott, of the New Jersey Bureau of Plant Industry, held, a meeting at the Cranberry and Blueberry Labora- tory to which blueberry propaga- tors were invited to discuss the latest developments and revision in the stunt inspection regulations. Standards for qualification for certification were changed from 2 percent to 1 percent stunt at any Pest Charts The 1947 New Jersey Cranberry Insect and Disease Control Chart was mailed out to the growers on February 25th. Any New Jersey growers who do not receive a copy should contact the Cranberry and Blueberry Research Laboratory, Pemberton, N. J., so that they can be included on the mailing list to receive this and future publica- tions from the laboratory. WASHINGTON Cranguyma Farms is to add 20 acres of cranberries to the plant- ings there this year. Others who are putting in new acreage are Messrs Morgan and Rowe of Nah- cotta. Weather in late February was mild with daffodils ready to bloom and. work on bogs was becoming quite general. Ariems-THI er THE MOST COMPLETE LINE OF TILLAGE EQUIPMENT IN THE WORLD CA- PACITIES 14 IN TO 7 FT CUTTING WIDTHS. ARIENS CO. Box 508 BRILLION. WIS. Five RUSSELL A. TRUFANT Massachusetts Grower Descendant of John Alden — Is Inventive, with Original Ideas By CLARENCE J. HALL A mechanically-minded, inventive cranberry grower with original ideas, as was his father, is Russell A. (Alden) Trufant of North Carver, Massachusetts. Trufant is a director of New England Cranberry Sales Company, and in this likewise follows his father, the late Walter E. Trufant. He is a sincere cooperator, still again like his father. At the same time he is decidedly an individualist. He believes in cooperation with his fellow growers, but only in the "one-man, one-vote" type of cooperative. As a matter of fact, it was only after he had made a brief, but sharp contri- bution on this subject at a meeting that he was made a director of the Sales Company. He thinks very deeply in this matter of cooperation, and his views will be given a little later. The aim of this article chiefly concerns Mr. Trufant as cranben-y grower and engineer. Of himself he says, "I am a cranberry grower at heart, with a veneer of engineering." That does seem to hit the nail — — — ^^^.^— .^_— ^— on the head. Certainly Trufant grows cranberries with success, and in doing so he utilizes his me- chanical gifts intensively. He is one of the few growers who pick the bulk of the crop by mechanical means. He has done so for years. He picks the crop after he has es- timated it, by what might be called, "engineering methods"; that is, he has used the "Trufant Esti- mating Hoop", which will also be explained later. He conducts all phases of his cranberry work with as many machinery aids as pos- sible. Admittedly one of the strong men of the Massachusetts unit of American Cranberry Exchange, Trufant has a New England fru- gality in the use of words. He sees no point in using many. When he has felt it necessary to make a few remarks at company meetings. and only then, in his own quiet fashion and, with Yankee wit and dryness, he has done so. This rec- ognized reluctance to speak out a great deal has added weight to the opinions he has expressed. Familiar with the democratic practices of the New England, town meeting, Mr. Trufant keeps in mind he has the right to his opin- ions snd to exnress them — wheth- er others "hold" to his ideas or not. It is, of course, obvious that all cranberry gowers are not of like mind with him as to what form a cooperative should take. To him a stock cooperative is not "truly democratic in spirit". He says, "In a stock company, with a few owning more stock and so hav- ing more voting power than all the others, the individual is totally and completely snowed under." He believes that in such an organiza- tion, where a few have the say-so, there is not a cooperative, but merely the shadow of the big stockholders. "I want none of that myself," he adds. Being a New Englander of long stand,ing, Trufant's middle name of Alden mi,eht be of significance. It turns out it is. He is of the eighth generation descent from John Al- en of the Pilgrim romance of Pris- cilla and John. Engineered for a Time in Texas Mr. Trufant was born in Whit- nia'T. Massachusetts, April 10th, 1893. "almost April Fools' Day,"bs he .'^avs. "but there was a slight mi='"alculption." He was gradu- ated from Whitman Hieh and spent thrpp ypavs at Massachusetts In- stitute of Technology. Then for three vears he was in an enffineer- irifr office (Hartlv L. White) at Braintree. He did general civil engineering work, sewage, high- way construction and a good dea: upon street railway lay-outs, the latter including "the loop" ir Bi'ockton. Leaving Massachusetts, he went to South Texas and was engagec with various irrigation firms, hav- ing to do mostly with Governmeni or semi-Government projects. Ht remained about four years, which was long enough to meet Mrs Trufant, who was Miss Elizabeth Brown, Memphis-born, but then school teacher in Texas. The daj of this interview was bitterly cold and to the remark that Carver cli- mate must be quite different froir Mrs. Trufant's place of birth, ho replied, "She quite frequently re minds me of that fact." From Texas he went to southerm Hlinois, where for six years he was with the highway department oi that state, his division headquar- ters being at Cai'bondale. His area included "Blood,y Williams town County", scene of fierce laboi battles. He added he was within a few miles of the "Herrin Massa ere", so called, although he know nothing of it at the time. "Darnec good thing, too," he says, "since as a highway engineer I was vestec with all the powers of a sheriff, and supposed to enforce the law." In the spring of 1927 he came back to Massachusetts, first mak- ing his home in Middleboro. Then his father, needing help on the bog and "believing there was enough for two", he moved to Car- ver and into cranberry growing. The bog then contained, twelve acres, and with his' father an ex- pansion was begun, bringing thei acreage up to the present 26. Fori this project he developed, "with ai bit of outside help", a mechanical excavator for digging and loading the peat onto a narrow gauge rail- road. This cut d.own some parts of the bog and built up others. The device he describes as a tractor- mounted double drum hoist, which, alternating, pulled two scoops up an inclined plane, where they dumped into the cars. "We used no sand in the grad- ing, but made all our fills with peat," Mr. Trufant explains. "We wanted no more settling than was necessary. You know, as sanding Ir and resanding is done, there is a building up at the edges, while the weight of the sand over deep mud in the center causes the bog floor to settle. The result is the bowl- shaped bogs you see. We figured the peat would be less heavy than a sand fill and would settle less. This has been true, although even so, we've got some settling." This newer bog is built along a shore ditch, rather than with the customary main center ditch. There are cross ditches only for quick frost flowage and for surface drain- age. Sections over a thousand feet long run an acre and a half each. This lay-out Mr. Trufant feels is more convenient for all types of equipment, dusters, etc., and may be used to better ad- vantage. A wide margin ditch keeps away gypsies. "A center ditch invariably needs cleaning out badly during August, just when you can't get at it easily be- cause of the berries. We can clean our main shore ditch any time we want to, with power equipment." Picking Machine For picking their bog the me- chanical Trufants some years ago began to pick by mechanical means. They utilized the so-called Mathewson Tervo pickers which were developped in 1928 under the sponsorship of New England Sales, and some ten of which are still in use. The Sales Company donated $20,000 and the three-wheeled self- propelled machine was developed. Besides the continued use by Tru- fant, Paul E. Thompson (Atwood Bog Company), John Howes, Her- bert Whiting, Ellis D. Atwood and possibly others continue to harvest with these machines. "At first, in 1935, father used three of these machines owned by Mr. Thompson," Trufant says, "and the following year we bought one from the Sales Company. "We didn't like some things about it, so we made changes. Some of the changes we made, we changed back again. But we kept on experimenting, and. by 1939 we achieved what we called a picking machine satisfactory in operation. The principal change we made was in altering the suspension of the picking drum, so that it actually rode on the picking area, and didn't just dangle, skipping all the low Trufant poses beside sliding head gate flume. (Cranberries Photo) spots, leaving berries, and clawing into the high spots, digging up sand and vines. It now follows the surface of the bog. "I continue to use this picker everywhere on the bog I can, and probably in some places I shouldn't. About three-quarters of our pick- ing is machine done, leaving only ditch rows and pieces of young and short vines to harvest otherwise. "Working with a well-trained and adequate crew, I can pick about three acres a day. I've aften picked a bushel a minute, when the berries were there to be picked. The operating crew is one man to ride and handle the machine, a man to walk alongside and, handle emp- ty and filled boxes. There should be two or even three more to bring out empties on the bog and carry full ones ashore and load and drive the truck." It might be added that the opei'- ator of the machine is always Mr. Trufant, himself. At about the same time the pick- er was bought, Mr. Trufant became dissatisfied with the hit-or-miss method of estimating crops. So he invented the "Trufant Esti- mating Hoop". "The Estimating Hoop" This hoop is really simplicity it- self, merely a hoop made of brass, adjustable in diameter, according to the normal cup count of the crop on each area. The area with- in the hoop is the same fraction of an acre that one berry of that size is of a cranberry barrel. This hoop he casts over the bog at random, making about three casts to the acre. He then counts the berries within the area of. the hoop, wher- ever it falls, and. that is the bar- rels per acre on the vines. He ;ays he conscientiously throws the hoop at random and not where the berries look the thickest. He has made and sold a number of these, but even though their use is anything but general, he still es- timates his own crop with the hoop. "I think I can make a darn sight more intelligent guess by actually counting berries on a few spots of the bog than by just going around squinting at the crop> I should say I achieve a probability or error of not more than 10 per cent. ' I have guessed as near as five bar- rels and I have been as far off as 200. "There is plenty of guessing left m using the hoop. You've still ^ot to guess how big the berries will develop, how much insect dam- age there is going to be and haw clean you will get the berries nicked. But with the hoop you have an intelligent estimate to be- gin with. " Seven As to the production obtained on the 26 acres, Mr. Trufant says nei- ther he nor his father ever broke any records. "The average is about 1,000 bbls. The highest was in 1942 when there were 1250, and the lowest was in 1944, when we got exactly 28. That was the year of the winter-kill and of the May 18 black frost and of fruitworm. This last fall we got 950 bbls., but we lost 500 more in the flash flood in August." The Trufant bog is in the Darby road section of North Carver, at what is known as the "Old Sher- man Farm". When Mr. Trufant's father bought this in 1904, his first five years were filled with trials and disappointments. Of these first efforts, Mr. Trufant says to- day, "When he planted vines they were heaved out by the frost in the winter, and in summer weeds came in and choked them out. He had no water supply at first, and he was constantly advised to give up the idea of trying to grow cranberries there, but he didn't. "We now have three reservoirs and our water supply is sufficient. It is all natural shed, almost en- tirely from our own place. Flood- ing is all by gravity and we pump some of the water back." Walter E. Trufant The late Walter E. Trufant, well remembered by many growers, was a native of Abington, Mass., born 1862. Immediately after gradu- ating from high school, he entered upon an early career as an expert mechanic and inventor. He was a (j-rad.uate of M. I. T. and School of Mechanical Arts, and before turn- ing cranberry grower he received patents for a number of inventions. These incl'ided a model shoe last, a 5hank tacking machine and a shock ibsorber. In about 1890 he had become intei'ested in a patent for ;oating nails to increase their hold- ing power, and with the adoption )f the half, and later the quarter bbl. cranberry box, nails made by this process have been used by cranberry growers. He had been the fii'st owner of a bicycle in his home town, running '.t in 1880, and he rode to prizes at Brockton and, Weymouth fairs. He later owned the first "safety" bicy- cle and the first tandem. After he had moved to Whitman he became the owner of the first automobile in that town in about 1900. He built and operated a "steamer" and built and operated a friction-drive automobile himself. He had always known cranber- ries as a boy in Abington and had gathered them from local "peat holes". He had joined the New England Sales in 1917 and was a member at his death, Dec. 3, 1939. Among the distinctions which had been accorded the late Mr. Trufant was the first use of a bog railroad, at least in his immediate section. This was in 1906 when building the bog, and he had about a quarter mile of narrow gauge rails and some dump cars. The motive power was men pushing, or some times a horse was hitched to the cars. His son, today, is very inter- ested in bog railway and in 1933 Mr. Trufant assumed the agency for Brookville gas locomotives, West Virginia track and Easton cars. It was natural for him to design a new type of track, where the ties are welded to the rails "upside down" with the sharp channel edges on the top, rather than on the bottom so they do not cut into the bog vines. He has also worked out a sanding car which operates like a poultry feeder. This is loaded at the top and the sand shoveled out at the bottom. A number of these cars, with Mr. Trufant's permission, are being made by the A. D. Make- peace Company. He has also de- signed a car of dual scope for either sanding or dump car work. Irrigation As a result of his irrigation ex- perience, Mr. Trufant is often called upon to design canals or complete flowage systems for oth- er growers. He says that as an engineer he is horrified to see how little use the growers make of modern hydraulic designs and practices. "The growers talk of water in gallons, and right off' the start that means tedious figuring. An engineer speaks of acre-feet of water (an acre a foot deep) and second-feet (one cubic foot per second). It so happens that one second-foot will raise an acre of water an inch an hour. Those are terms we deal with daily: acres rf bog to be flowed so many inches in so few hours. When you mea- sure flow in second-feet, your cal- culations are almost completed for you. Try it yourself — one second-foot equals about 450 G. P. M. "Apparently no grower ever heard of an automatic siphon spillway, a device without moving parts which changes from full flow to no flow and back again to main- tain a pond level with about two inches variation. Or a siphon gate, without flashboards or slid- ing gates of any kind, and with no possibility of leakage through the structure. Just a couple of air valves such as are on the radi- ator you are hovering over." Mr. Trufant is now working on flumes and irrigation problems. He is installing corrugated iron flumes in which the water is con- trolled by upright sliding head gates. These are adaptations of standard irrigating materials to meet the particular needs of cran- berry growers. From his main reservoir, he has come though the dike with a 12- inch pipe, "taking in" at about the bottom of the reservoir, which is about three feet higher than the bottom of the bog ditch. This would be about usual practice, but where he departs from the usual in flume arrangement is that he has placed a 24-inch standpipe, dropped down three feet to an el- bow at the bottom, and this runs out into the bog ditch. He can direct this at any direction de- sired, thus controlling the direc- tion of the water. This arrangement eliminates the often troublesome wash of water, and it also introduces air, or aer- ates the water in the standpipe before it goes onto the bog. (An aerating device of bouncing boards is in use on some bogs in Wiscon- sin). While Trufant does not think his bogs have been seriously effected by lack of oxygen, tests by Dr. Bergman each year have shown there was deficiency to some extent. He is taking this precaution. (Continued on PaRe 26) £i;h» Plymouth County Meetings Are ''Down to Earth" Discussions Continued Large Attend- ' ances Hear Panel Discus- sions, Talk by Dr. Chand- ler, and Report on Root Grub Campaign by Beat- tie. Business-like programs, devoid of any frills, were the meetings of the Plymouth County Cranberry clubs, 25 and So. Shore at Plymouth, Feb. 27th and Shoure at Plymouth, Feb. 27. Yet, as arraigned by club offi- cers and County Agent J. Richard Beattie, large attendances at each felt they had put in an afternoon of solid satisfaction. Beattie announced these as "double-feature" meetings, the fea- tures being planned discussions by ' growers and movies of the Bell Helicopter, but he "apologized" at the meetings, saying a third feature on the bill was an instructive talk by Dr. F. B. Chandler on "Funda- mentals of Soils and Fertilizers in Relation to Plant Growth." This was really a continuation of his first talk before Massachusetts growers a year ago which took up the cranberry as a plant, and it held the interest of the growers. At both meetings, Beattie open- ed with a resume of the "Cranberry Root Grub Campaign," which began a year ago. He told of the pro- gress made and plans for this com- ing season. He said this pest which was probably No. 1 insect problem in Plymouth County, and of consid- erable importance on some bogs on Upper Cape Cod, called for plenty of continued activity by the grow- ers. "We still have plenty to do," he said. "By holding field meet- ings and other activities, even if some of our more experienced growers do understand this prob- lem and the techniques of control, this will help the GIs and other new growers." "If we don't do anything more than to get growers to studying their own bogs something will have been accomplished when growers are sure then can tell root grub damage from girdler." A highlight of the program was centainly the panel discussion. At Rochester, Frank Butler of the Makepeace interests spoke on "Use of Heavy Equipment;" E. V. Shaw of Cape Cod Company of "Sanding Methods," Gilbert Beaton of "Fer- tilizer Pracices", and Joseph Ke!- ley on "Timely Tips for the Spring Season". These were all real "down to business" practical dis- cussions by practical men. Butler Butler compared the equipment of the Makepeace company when he first went to work, with the present. He said then the company possessed two horses, two mules, one auto (for the boss) 50 wheel- barrows, two spray machines, plus a few other minor items. Today equipment included 27 autos, two miles of railroad, six locomotives, 21 cars, two gaas sliovels, four tractors, seven power dusters, many stationary power units, "and this isn't half of it." He added, however, "We still have failed to eliminate the wheelbarrow." He said, "I think you had better make your 'heavy equipment' really 'light heavy equipment.' You will get much more actual bog work done if you keep equipment light." He said he preferred, light trac- tors and a machine "comparable to a D-2 Cat is the ideal cranberry tractor." He said of course it was better still if a grower could own both light and heavy, and he per- sonally preferred tractors of the crawler type. A light tractor can plough, grade, a winch on the rear is d.esirable, a tractor is univer- sally used in clearing the tops of sand hills, and in digging canals, building roads and dikes." He said he thought a bulldozer is even more essential than a shovel. He said he would, not recom- mend a railroad on less than ten acres of old bog because of the costs, but for new bog with a large volumn of material to move he said, the railroad was very useful for sanding, etc., even on very short hauls. "A railroad can't be beat when making a new bog." He said for harvesting he did not think much money could be saved by a bog railroad and for ice sand.ing a truck is better. In summing up he said that it is important to get a bog job done when it should be done, and labor and costs being what they are there is no choice for the grower except to use as much mechanical equip- ment as p ossible. He said this use of machinery would require fore- men who were more alert and more able, as things moved so much fast- er. Shaw On sanding, Mr. Shaw said, "We get our cheapest results on the ice and we use a model A Ford gravity dump truck. We get best results with small trucks." He said six small trucks up to 40 rods can keep a shovel at the pit very busy. He said sanding program was not lim- ited to ice sanding, however, but began in the spring and lasted un- til "almost crop time" and then was resumed after harvest. "We use both railroad, and wheelbarrows." He said he was pleased to have Mr. Butler recommend "light-heavv equipment." Beaton Beaton said he felt fertilizer should be only used on certain types of bogs and these included hard-bottom bogs, bogs which had poor vine growth and bogs which had suffered tip worm injury, fer- tilizer then to be applied in August to get bud for the crop of the fol- lowing year. He said, a bad feature of fertilizing was the wesds fertili- zers seem to bring in. He noted after fertilizing "wesds and grasses we never had before." He said i.e felt possibly seed of cei'tain weeds which had been lying d.ormant on the bog were stimulated into life by the fertilizer. He said in gen- tral "I'd say that any bog produc- ing 50 barrels to the acre consis- tently should not be fertilized." He said he didn't think he would say "as yet" that he would put fertiliz- er on bogs which had heavy vines but was not producing well. While admitting fertilizers had a place on cranberry bogs, he concluded with "Putting fertilizers on cranberry bogs is a very d.ebatable subject." Niae Plymouth Panel At Plymouth Lewis Billings spoke briefly on sanding touching on several phases. Carl B. Urann, in regard to use of heavy equipment had ideas which differed in some respects from those of Mr. Butler. He spoke high- ly of the efficiency of the shovel, as well as the tractor bulldozer, and told of using his Lorain shovel, with home-designed drag for grad- ing (CRANBERRIES, Oct. 1946). He spoke of his use of shovel with sanding screens to keep railroad cars and trucks busy. He said he believed in buying equipment to fit the needs of a job and favored as heavy equipment as could be used, with efficiency, rather than to try for "lightness. " Ellis D. Atwood, speaking in part with a humorous twist told his ex- perience with fertilizers and stress- ed the use of nitrate of soda for new bogs when quick and heavy vine growth was desired and of putting nitrate of soda in hills when putting in cuttings. Dr. Chandler Dr. Chandler began with a dis- cussion of soils, saying that basic- ally there are two kinds, one is mineral caused by the breaking down of rock, as by wind, rain and freezing; the second oi'ganic, de- rived from plant life which is the type upon which cranberries grow. The organic is divided into peat and muck, he said. The former is that, in which there is still discern- able parts of the organic matter from which it was formed, while m muck, the particles have become to fine to distinguish any remnant of plant life. He said the peat soil gives better drainage than muck because the muck is finer. He said the two functions of soil are for anchorage of the plants and to furnish nutrition. He then dis- cussed the essential elements. As concerns fertilizers he said there are three major elements. These are 1-nitrogen which was not part of the soil originally and ni- trogen stimulated vegetative grow- th, the response was quick and closely related to "tone" and vigor; phosphorus, which functions in every cell, and aids disease resis- tance; and potassium, which also functioned in every cell gave a "balance" and also "tone" and vigor. He said the time of application of fertilizer which are under con- sideration are in the spring, be- fore the blossom set, in the sum- mer before fruit bud formation and in the fall after harvesting. Fertilizer studies were started on plots at the State bog and other nearby bogs in 1946 and a number more are planned for the coming season. George A. Pass of Carver spoke briefly upon a bee box he has de- veloped. Frank A. Crandon presid.ed at the Rochester meeting in the ab- sense of the president and vice president. A nominating committee of George Cowen, Frank Butler and Paul Dryer was appointed to pre- sent names for the annual election. A committee of Melville C. Beaton, Frank Crandon and Raymond Morse was announced, as chosen by Vice President Nahum Morse to re- present the Southeastern Club in plans to obtain better cooperation between the cranberry clubs and the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association. Orrin Colley presided at Ply- mouth. There were 130 odd at each gathering. Following the helicopter movies, Keith Work of NCA and "Ted" Griffith answered questions about the helicopter programs this season. Mr. Kelley's instructive talk ap- pears in full on page 16. Mass. Survey Field Work Is Completed Any Grower Overlooked Is Asked to Write to W. A. Piper, State House, Bos- ton. Field work for the new survey of the Massachusetts cranberry in- dustry has been completed, it i-; announced from the office of C. D. Stevens, New England Crop Re- porting Service, and Walter E. Piper, division of markets. Mass. Department of Agriculture, in di- rect charge, states that an attempt was made to get the essential in- formation covering each bog in the State and that this was nearly 100 percent. However, Mr. Stevens says some growers have not yet been included, particularly those who have been absent in recent months and Mr. Piper makes the following request: "We want every bog owner to be represented in the final report and would, therefore, greatly appreci- ate being advised of anyone who has been overlooked. We would like to have these let us know by wi-iting to this office, 24 State House, Boston, Mass." This survey, it is recalled is be- ing done for the cranberry indus- try at the request of the growers themselves and very specifically at the request of the Cape Cod Cran- berry Growers' Association. The in- formation which will be developed is expected to be of much value in regard, to trends in plantings, mar- keting and other related matters in this post-war period. Tabulation of field reports is the next step, Mr. Stevens says and that several months will elapse be- fore much information can be re- leased. About 1700 bog holdings were contacted. Ocean County Club Meeting- Twenty-five growers attended the Ocean County, N. J., Cranber- ry Club dinner meeting at the Riv- erview Hotel, Toms River, Febru- ary 13. Oscar Downs was elected president; F. Allison Scammell, vice president; and Ocean County Agricultural Agent Richard Hart- man, secretary for the coming year in the short business meeting following the dinner. Following the business meeting, County Agricultural Agent Hart- man told the group about that ,, part of his program for the com- || ing year which applied to the cran- berry industry. It includes three outdoor meetings, one about the first of June on the use of the in- sect net and the identification and interpretation of the catch; second, Ten It is not too early in the year to lay your plans and consult with us POWER DUSTERS POWER SPRAYERS SCREENING EQUIPMENT BOG PUMPS HAYDEN SEPARATOR MANUFACTURING CO. E. C. St. Jacques WAREHAM, MASS. a sanding meeting at an appropri- ate time; and third, a tour of bogs in late September to acquaint new or prospective growers with the harvesting and grading of the crop. A dinner meeting after the end of the harvest season in No- vember would wind, up the club's activities for the year. C. A. Doehlert of the Cranberry and Blueberry Research Labora- tory, Pemberton, spoke to the growers on False Blossom, its his- tory, cause, control and practices that help a bog outgrow a false blossom infection. The importance of regular and intelligent use of the insect net was stressed, fol- lowed up by craefully applied con- trol measures against the blunt- nosed cranberry leafhopper. W. E. Tomlinson, Jr., of the Cranberry and Blueberry Research Laboratory, cautioned the growers against the unrestricted use of DDT on cranberries until more is known about its effect on the soil. He outlined the station's sugges- tions on DDT for those who want to try it against leafhoppers. Tom- linson also stressed importance of early discovery of blossom worm infestations, and not to rely on sweep net collections made before sundown. Yellowheaded fireworm moths were reported as being very num- erous during the fall and warm days in the winter. This was not unexpected because of shallower and shorter flooding becoming more generally practiced in New Jersey. R. B. Wilcox of the U. S. D. A., stationed, at Pemberton, spoke briefly on his work with Fermate. Indications are that this very ef- fective fungicide does not have the lasting power of bordeaux mixture during periods of rain and high humidity. To overcome this short- coming, increasing the dosage may offer the best solution and apply- ing at least the entire flve recom- mended applications, where rot is severe. E. V. Lipman of the National Cranberry Asso., Bordentown, mentioned the Cranberry Trading Post as a source of growers' sup- plies available to all growers re- gardless of their marketing out- lets. J. D. Holman spoke briefly on the 1946 cranberry season and his predictions and hopes for the fu- ture of the industry. F. S. Chambers News of the death of Franklin S. Chambers at Ascona, Switzer- land, 5 a. m., March first, is sad- ly received by the cranberry indus- try. This prominent grower, who had been a director of Growers' Cranberry Company for 25 years until his resignation in April, 1945, and a director of Cranberry Can- ners, Inc., now National Cranber- ry Association, was 70 years old. With him at his death at a con- valescent home were his wife, Anne W., and daughter, Elizabeth H. They had, made the trip to Europe last September, where Mr. Chambers could undergo treatment by heart specialists. A resident of Lisbon, New Jer- sey, Mr. Chambers had spent near- ly his entire life in the Jersey cranberry district. He was grad- uated from the University of Penn- sylvania in 1902, and for a time followed his profession of a power prod.uction engineer until his fa- then-in-law, Joseph J. White, per- suaded him to become his associate in cranberry growing. Following Mr. White's death in 1924, Mr. Chambers became head of the J. J. White, Inc., one of the largest units in the cranberry industry. He succeeded J. J. White as presi- dent of the Growers' Cranberry Company, White having been the first president of the Jersey unit of American Cranberry Exchange. Mr. Chambers was senior war- den of Grace Episcopal church, Pemberton; was a member of Pem- berton Rotary club; Masonic lodge; the Engineers' club of Philadel- phia; a director of Farmer's Trust Co., Mt. Holly, and for ten years had been president of the board of management of the Burlington County Hospital, Mt. Holly. The funeral service was held at Ascona March 3, followed by cre- mation. Eleven (^ditMals ISSUE OF MARCH, 1947 Vol. 11 No, 11 THE PACE IN CRANBERRY GROWING IS QUICKENING THERE may have been times in the past when there was more interest in cran- berry growing — within limited areas and among limited groups. But we don't be- lieve there was ever such wide-spread in- terest in the industry at any one time as there is today. Every area is pretty much "on the ball", or making real effort for im- provement. In times past one area and then another had spurts of progress, and the drive ahead was erratic. Today, interest is high every- where. Association, club, and cooperative meetings and cranbeiTy schools draw top attendance. Today is postwar and there is an influx of new and younger growers and new and younger ideas. There are many new thoughts in the industry today and a will- ingness to try new things : new insecticides, new equipment, and new theories. The cranberry industry as a whole does not feel that all is known about cranberry growing that can be learned. On the contrary, there is strong belief that cranberry grow- ing can be much more efficient than it is. The feeling of uncertainty as to what the future would bring which necessarily existed during the war, has carried for- ward into this postwar era. The politics of the world are obviously unsettled ; this nation cannot make up its mind whether there is to be a serious depression or not. Many say it is bound to come anyway; that depressions always follow wars. Others feel that a period of heavy distress can be avoided — that we have all the capacity to keep things humming if only we can hit an even adjustment. There is certainty, however, in that some agricultural prices, at least, are low- ering, many have already sagged, and some have dropped. The producer, in the final analysis, can seldom influence price levels for any extended period. What he can do to offset dropping prices is to in- crease efficiency and so level his costs. He can do this only by improving his methods, and to improve his methods in the name of efficiency is what cranberry growers seem determined to do. Two conspicuous ex- amples of this is the interest in really Tufelvf CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM. MASSACHUSETTS Subscription $3.00 per year Advertising rates upon application Editor and Publisher CLARENCE J. HALL CORRESPONDENTS-ADVISORS Wisconsin VERNON GOLDSWORTHY Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin Washington-Oregon J. D. CROWLEY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. ETHEL M. KRANICK Bandon, Oregon Massachusetts DR. HENRY J. FRANKLIN Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Stain. r» East Warehdm, Mass. BERTRAM TOMLINSON Barnstable County Agricultural Agent Barnstable, Mass. New Jersey CHARLES A. DOEHLERT, New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station, Pemberton, New Jersey satisfactory picking machines and in the greatly increased use of airplanes for in- sect control. Another would be the inter- est in sprinkler irrigation and frost control. So the current interest in cranberry growint^', with the quest into theories for more production, more efficient operation, improved marketing methods is all to the good. The pace in cranberry growing iS' quickening. Pictorial Section Experiment Station, East Wareham, Has Full-time Office Worker (story page 15) (Cranberries Photo) Tliirteert Above — "Jop" Stankavich and "Rudy" Hillstrom. Orecronians who showed movies and explained the "West- ern Picker", in the East in January, shown as they were about to board plane at Wareham Airport for flicht over the Cape. They were accompanied by A. D. Benson, N. E. Cranberry Sales. During the trip, which covered the Cape to the tip end, Hillstrom took color movies which he intended to show on West Coast. (Cranberries Photo) "Basket Scoop" Used in Oregon For Wet Raking- Water raking was largely i-e- sorted to this past season by many growers of the Southern Oregon area and some of these used a simply-constructed "basket scoop", originally conceived by Sumner Fish and then produced in coop- eration with Jim Olson, who had welding experience. Many bogs in the Bandon area are of Improved McParlins that mostly do not dry- scoop satisfactorily because of short, tangled vines, with berries growing close to the ground. Vacuum pickers have proven suc- cessful in this variety of vine, but have been considered slow. In describing this scoop Olson says it worked very well on vines too short for the Wisconsin water- rake The basket-scoop", which is really not a scoop at all as the term is generally used by growers. but actually a basket, or "dip- per". It is made entirely of weld- ing rods, placed about one-quarter inch apart to allow water and leaves to drain out. The user simply dips the "basket-scoop" into the water, taking off the ber- ries as they float on the vines. To the basket are attached han- dles of aluminum tubing. The handles are of varying length, but long enough so that a picker does not have to bend too mu:h. He spreads the handle to suit his grip, and then dips, or swings into the vines. The swing ■require a definite rhythm, and a certain amount of power, as there are no teeth to loosen the berries. In harvesting, the operator makes a few swings until the bas- ket is full, then dumps the berries in a crate with flat sides. When the crate is full it is loaded onto a scow and pushed to the shore, where the berries are loaded on a truck. Olson reports that he has seen one picker gather 125 quarter ban rel boxes in a day, this being ai the Pish bog, where berries weM thick and the water just the dei sired depth. 'fourteen CRANBERRY SPECIAL This light weight locomotive, de- signed especially for use in cranberry bogs, weighs only 3,250 pounds. It can be used over soft ground and re- quires only easily laid, light weight track which can be traversed at high speeds due to the freedom of wheel movement allowed by Brookville dual spring type, journal suspension. Used for hauling sand cars, it is a great saver of time and labor. Write for further information. Cape Cod Area Distributor RUSSELL A. TRUFANT NORTH CARVER, MASS. ■ ^■■■■■■■■■1' iBIi^Tnf ■■■■ BROOKVILLE LOCOMOTIVE WORKS BROOKVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA, U. S. A. Full-Time Massachusetts Cranberry Secretary Massachusetts Experiment Station at East Ware- ham, has a girl engaged, in full-time secretarial work, Miss R. Thelma Laukka having been appointed to the post of junior clerk and stenographer by Di- rector F. J. Sievers of the State College Experiment Station. Miss Laukka began her duties February first. With a full time employe for secretarial and steno- graphic work, most of the major improvements (ex- cept central heating) to the building completed, the East Wareham station is on an improved postwar basis. Partitions have been erected giving separate office spaces and, improvements are being made to the laboratory in the basement. Miss Laukka (Photo page 13) was valedictorian of Wareham High School, class of 1945, following which she attended Burdett College, Boston, taking a two-year course, training for executive secretary. She finished, this course in November of last year and will be graduated with the class of 1947 in June. She is a member of Theta Alpha Chi, national sorority. Miss Laukka brings practical experience to her position as well as school training, she having been engaged as part-time assistant cashier at a chain department store in Wareham and also in the ac- counting department of Shell Oil Co., Boston. While a student at Burdett's she also did part-time secre- tarial work for two members of the teaching staff. She was born in West Wareham and is the daugh- ter of Mr. and Mrs. Charles V. Laukka. Chabot Kin Return to Washington Cranberries Two sons of Robert Chabot, nephew of Anthony Chabot (CRANBERRIES, March, 1945) the first to build a cranberry bog in Washington, with a son-in- law, David Newkirk, have purchased 50 acres of land within a mile of the original Chabot planting, near Long Beach. The old, Chabot bog dated from about 1883 and for some years was successful and was conducted by the nephew, Robert, who later built a bog for himself farther north at Copallis. E. C. Chabot, one of the sons of Robert with Mrs- Chabot and family have already purchased a home at Long Beach and other members of the group were expected to rrive shortly. SPECIAL OXYGEN TESTS Dr. H. F. Bergman was in the Cape cranberry area, making some interesting, special oxygen tests about March 1. On March 2nd, at the State Bog, a small area was sanded on the ice and tests con- ducted to show how fast the oxygen content under the sanded area was lowered, as compared to water under areas which were not sanded. In a deter- mination he found the content had gone to 4 cc, per liter in 20 hours, Fiftepn Wisconsin Marshes Wintered Well As against a rather poor bud- ding, conditions throughout the winter were generally very favor- able. An exception was a period d.uring December when vines in many cases were not well frozen down, which could have meant oxy- Attention Cranberry Growers ! ! Wq have Drain Pipe Large Sized Terra Cotta Makes a Permanent Installation RALPH W. ELLIOT Sandwich Rd., Wareham, Mass. Tel. Wareham 794 Mail Address: Buzzards Bay, RFD Plumbing and Heating Service gen injury. This injury could have been worse than normal, as the vines had thrown such a heavy crop last fall. "GI School" A "GI Cranberry School" was opened Feb. 13 with a much larger attendance than was anticipated. The course is to be one of nine weeks, with classes every Friday from 9 a. m. to noon and from 1.30 to 4.30 p. m. Besid.es GIs, the training courses are open to grow- ers and others who might be in- terested to sit in on the meetings. Courses will cover practically all branches of cranberry growing. Instructors will be C. D. Ham- mond, Jr., and Vernon Goldswor- thy, with guest speakers from the University of Wisconsin, Wiscon- sin Department of Agricultural Markets, as well as other special- ists. Kelley's Talk LLOYD M. HENDRICK Registered Architect Architect-Engineer Public, Commercial and Domestic Work BAKER BLDG. BUZZARDS BAY AND POCASSET, MASS. For the last year many of the younger men interested in the cranberry industry have wanted to know more about the proper Iolu- tion for starting a good big. The most important thing is gool di'ainage. If you cannot get at least iy2 feet of drainage you had better forget the location. I have seen a few bogs that do well with poor drainage, but it means put- ting in an electric automatic pump that has to run most of the time in a wet growing season, and this means too much care and over- head for the average bog. I find that it pays you to have a survey taken for levels for most locations before you start making a new bog, as your eyes can be very de- ceiving. Water Supply The next most important thing is a good water supply. The best thing is a supply from a pond. If there is no pond, see if there is a brook running through the swamp, and if there is, find out if it runs the year round or only in the spring, or after a heavy rain. Choose your IVeapon ioi INCREASED YIELD fhrovgh Gypsy Moth Control Geigy Company, "OWg/nafors of DDT Insecticides, "oBers you 2 tried-and-proven DDT formulations for the control of Gypsy Moth. GESAROL*S 30-a solution containing 30% Geigy DDT for use in atomized oil sprays. GESAROL VD 50 — a finely-ground powder containing 50% Geigy DDT. Insist on its being in your dust mixtures. Take your choice— depending on the method of attack you prefer or are best equipped to use. FREE folder giving detailed recom- mendations for application available through your Distributor, •Reg. V. S. Pal. OH. GEIGY COMPANY, Inc. 89 Barclay St., New York 8, N.Y. Distributed by ROGERS AND HUBBARD COMPANY Portland, Connecticut Sixteen If there is a fair amount of water running, it will give you a chance for making a reservoir. In mak- ing a reservoir, decide what you want for bog and what you want for reservoir. The depth of water you can get makes a difference to the acreage that you can put into F reservoir, but as a rule you want mu2h more reservoir than you want bog. If you use a natural pond of more than 10 acres it may be nec- essary for you to get permission from the State in order to use the water for your bog. If you have a ressrvoir, be careful not to flood other property than your own. In making a bog, be sure to have it level when finished, for a bog well built with a good water supply and good drainage, is good for a hundred years or more, and you will be well paid in the long run if you put more time and more money to be sure of having a level bog. A few of the advan- tages are that you are less likely to have trouble with lack of oxy- gen, and it only takes about half of the amount of water for frost protection. In getting vines for a new bog, be sure to get vines free from false blossom, and without a mix- ture of vines with other varieties. There is a lot of work being done on new varieties. There are about 50 varieties of cranberries in New England, but at the present time growers are planting mostly Early Blacks and Howes. My guess is that for the last five or six years more than three-fourths of the new acreage runs to Early Blacks and the other one-fourth to Howes in Massachusetts. Sand, and Sanding The sand that is best for sand- ing bogs and making new bogs is about the grade of sand that you would use for mixing cement. Gravel is also very good for mak- ing bog, and also for resanding, but if used for resanding it prob- ably would have to be screened. If you use sand that is too fins or that has clay in it you will get too many weeds and the vines will not start well in it. I think it pays you well to use a coarse sand even if you have to cart it, if it is not too long a haul. In most cases you will find some good sand some- where around your bog. Afer roughly grading your bog, you should use from three to four inches of sand for final grading. Be sure not to put any sand on your bog until you get ready to plant. It is a great temptation to grade with sand in the winter or early spring when there is more help available and you have more time, but for the best results I would prefer to have the vine setters and the sanders working at the same time, that is, as soon as one section is sanded have the vines set at once. The main rea- son for this is that the sand packs down hard and the vines do not start well in it. In dollars and cents you will be well paid not to put sand on the bog until you can plant the vines. As a rule it takes from 8 to 10 barrels of vines to plant an acre of bog. The aver- age spacing of vines is anywhei-e from 6 inches to a foot, but I be- lieve many people who are making over bog at present are now spac- ing them a foot apart and putting one hill in the center. The old method used to be to put 8 to 10 CRANBERRY REAL ESTATE APPRAISING 17 Court St. Plymouth, Mass. BOG MANAGEMENT Tels: Plymouth 1622 Kinsston 319 If you are buying or selling Cranberry Property it will pay you to see us. A number of properties available, more wanted. uprights in a hill, but at the pres- ent time we are using about 3 up- rights in a hill, with better results than with the 8 or 10. Provide Flumes Large Enough In putting in flumes for your bog always have them about 1 foot deeper and about twice as large as you think you will need JARI POWER SCYTHE Cuts weeds, grass, brush Write for details CALCO Rainmaker Portable Steel Pipe Milorganite Organic 6% Nitrogen Fertilizer ^ With WATiR ; A Model For. Every Pressure For Farm, Orcliard or Truck Garden. Easily and quickly mOMnted en any irrigation pipe. Heavy duty brass and bronze construction for long service. Sand and dirt proof. Wa> ler lubricated' bearings— no oil or grease re- quired. No f|^ moving parts to rapidly wear out. M^^um coverage— even distri- bution. B ^ BUCKNER MANUFACTURING CO.(» 161S Blackstone Ave., Fresno, California BlICKNER SPRINKLERS _-i^^%//^ CO. 1121 WASHINGTON STREET WEST NEWTON 65, MASS. Seventeen them, as I have seen a good num- ber of flumes that had to be re- built because someone wanted to save a few dollars when making them. Right now is the time to broad- cast coarse crystals of copper sul- phate on the bogs for slime. I expect more slime than usual on bogs this spring because of the un- usually warm weather which we have had this winter and we are troubled more by slime in weather of this kind. When it is possible, broadcast by hand about 3 or 4 pounds of copper sulphate crys- tals to the acre on the ice of your bogs, around the latter part of February. I have found that the value of the copper sulphate is only good for about two weeks, so in most cases it is advisable to give it a second application about the second week in March. You should be careful in apply- ing the copper sulphate. I always divide my copper sulphate, putting it in two pails, one for the first half and the other for the second. Otherwise, you are liable to use too great an amount in the begin- ning and not have enough to finish the job. ■ Fertilizer for Vines It takes four years for a new Rain When You Want It RAIN BIRD SPRINKLERS For Cranberry Frost Protection and Irrigation Rain Bird Sprinkling systems do the job you want them to do, when you want it. All working parts are accessible and fool proof. Oscillator arm breaks up stream to give maximum benefit. Consult Rain Bird engineering department for advice on your irrigation problems. For complete information on Rain Bird Sprinkling Systems, write, For the East and Midwest L. R. NELSON MFG. CO. Peoria, Illinois * « ♦ JOSEPH BRECK & SONS 85 State Street Boston, Mass. IRRIGATION VEGACRE On the Pacific Coast R. M. WADE and CO. Portland, Oregon OREGON CULVERT CO. Portland, Oregon DIVISION FARM Forestdale (Cape Cod) Mass. RAIN BIRD SPRINKLER MFG. CO. GLENDORA, CALIF. bog to come into bearing, but it is generally five or six years be- fore an old bog which has been made over bears a crop. For this reason I find that about three or four hundred pounds of fertilizer, broadcast on the bog before sand- ing, has a tendency to give the vines a good start. Three or four people have tried this and thought it very satisfactory. PERSONALS Dr. F. B. Chandler of the Ex- periment Station, East Wareham, spoke before the Falmouth (Mass.) Kiwanis club February 10; his sub- ject, "Cranberries". Dr. Chester E. Cross of the Sta- tion, who has specialized in weed study, attended a weed conference at Cornell University, Ithica, N. Y., February 18 and 19. Vernon Goldsworthy and George Yunk of Wisconsin left for a West Coast cranberry trip the latter part of February. They were to visit both Washington and Oregon. The cranberry industry was well represented at the gigantic New York annual meeting of United Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Asso- ciation. Headquarters was at tbe New Yorker hotel. Included among those present were C. M. Chaney, ACE; Clyde McGrew, Lester Haines, ACE; John C, Maurice and Russell Makepeace, NCA; A. D. Benson, Stanley Benson, Philip Grossman's On Cape Cod "EVERYTHING TO BUILD WITH" Opposite R. R. Station Sagamore, Mass. 778 Tels. Sagamore 779 Eighteen Gate Ha.ni\M\\ee\ FLUMEia F?oa 0 way !^'- =» 24" Corrugated ]-, A^bestoi - bonded Biti/minoi/j - coatcJ Golvonized Iron ,4! AapKgl t - pavgj Pipe '^k'i Typical Pla/n Type Recent Cosf ^)74.- Typical Dog-leg Type - Recent Coat ^153.^ Cu^i D/Ming /Adda 0;\JJ5 a tout ^5^.^ in t^t" 5!x. gives you High Pressure where you \v?.r:c «-. it — at the end of a long hose Lne, through a wide boom, or in any other appl. cation equipment employed in your spraying job. Write for the new Hardie Catalog showing a wide variety of sizes and models. THE HARDIE MFG. COMPANY Hudson, Mich. ^ Dependable Sprayers Hardie Straight Frame Sprayers are widely used (or transportation on motor truck. Har- die Tractor Trailers ' come with engine or tractor power take-off as desired. PERFECT AGITATION • COMPLETE LUBRICATION Twenty-four IRRIGATION FOR CRANBERRIES FEATURING - FLEX-0-SEAL - Quick-Coupling Pipe AND GIANT IRRIGATOR NOZZLES FLEX-0-SEAL PORTARLE IRRIGATION PIPE EXCLUSIVE FEATURES FLEX-O-SEAL Portable Irrigation Pipe is fab- ricated from prime black sheet steel hot dipped galvanized after fabrication. The 3" and 4" pipe is made with butt-we'dsd seam — each length equipped with FLEX-O-SEAL quick-action coup- ling en one end — the other end is beaded and slightly cupped for extra strength. The 6" and 8" pipe is niade with inside Lock- Seam and welded — each length is equipped with FLEX-O-SEAL quick-action coupling on one end — to the other is attached a reinforced male end. FLEX-O-SEAL male pipe ends are made with a reinforced edge rolled accurately to size, and headed and cupped slightly for extra strength to withstand abuse and to give long service. Compare These Prices 8 inch 20 ft. length $27.50 6 inch 20 ft. length $20.46 4 inch 20 ft. length $15.40 4 inch 20 ft. length with riser outlets $16.40 3 inch 20 ft. length $ 9.40 All lengths galvanized, complete with gaskets, hooks and bales, handles. 10 ft. lengths available in all sizes. Prices FOB. Chicago. Compare These Exclusive Features Light in weight — can be laid faster. Equipped with handles for easy handling. Quick action coupling speeds up assembling Flexible pressure tight joints makes pipe adaptable for turns and rolling ground. Can be disconnected at any point without disturbing balance of line. Extra heavy, long-life rubber gaskets assure tight joint. High pressures are necessary to successfully operate Giant irrigator type heads. All makes of portable pipe and all gaskets will not stand these pressures. We have operated miles of this pipe on our farm under 130 lbs. pressure for the past 5 years. Pressure Loss Data for FLEX-O-SEAL 3 inch pipe 200 G.P.M. 5.5 lbs. per 100 ft. 4 inch pipe 300 G.P.M. 6 inch pipe 600 G.P.M. 5 inch pipe 800 G.P.M. 3.1 lbs. per 100 ft. 1.4 lbs. per 100 ft. .6 lbs. per 100 ft. OBSERVE GENTLE RAIN-LIKE' SHOWER— WATER DISTRIBUTED OVER GREATEST AREA PERFORMANCE TABLES FOR GIANT IRRIGATOR HEADS Giant Rainbird No. 100 — $135.00 Nozzle size 1 in. 1 Vs. in. 1 \i Pounds Pressure at Head 100 100 90 Gals, per minute discharge 375 450 . 500 Diameter coverage in feet 352 362 384 Buckner No. 72 — $125.00 Va inch head 70 80 90 100 225 241 256 270 300 310 320 330 1 inch head 70 80 90 100 278 297 316 333 320 330 340 350 1 Vs inch head 70 80 90 100 338 361 383 404 345 355 365 375 Through experience gained in actual operation of many miles of Plex-o-Seal Pipe and all types of rotary Sprinkler Heads on our own Cape Cod Farm and from experience in setting up installations on most of the large rotary sprinkler type irrigation systems in New England on tobacco, potato, vegetable and cranberry layouts, we feel qualified to enginner your irrigation requirements. VISIT OUR FARM— SEE THIS EQUIPMENT VEG-ACRE FARMS Irrigation Division, FORESTDALE, CAPE COD, MASS. Manufacturer's distributor for Lightweight — FLEX-O-SEAL — Irrigation Pipe Sprinkle Heads Discharge Fittings Suction Hose Fire Hose Pump Tank Extinguishers LITERATURE — PRICES — LAYOUTS — ESTIMATES FREE ON REQUEST (Continued from Page 24} visits; 7-preparations of a bulletin on root grub, white grub and grape anomata by the two county agents and the Experiment Station at East Wareham; 8-actual demonstrations (to small groups) of control tech- nique, with follow through to ob- serve and, check results obtained; 9-to introduce the topic of Root Grub at the cranberry school, with particular emphasis upon identifi- cation for the "new" Cranberry men. Mass. Pest Charts The 1947 pest control charts for insects and. weeds have been com- pleted and were ready for printing to be available to growers in March. The insect chart was completed Feb. 17 without major changes, except there will be recommenda- tions for more DDT uses. Every item was studied word by word for any possible improvement. The weed chart was completed Feb- ruary 24, and in this the control of white violets has been added CRANBERRIES Packed for PLYMOUTH - MASSACHUSETTS by StokelySs FINEST FOODS NEW BEDFORD - MASSACHUSETTS through the use of iron sulphate 45-55 lbs. to the square rod, and three weeds added, to the uses of PDB, these being wild bean, three- square grass and small brambles. PDB has been found to be extreme- il effective on the wild bean. The entire pest control chart committee held the preliminary meeting February 10, going over both charts and making recommen- dations. Dr. Franklin them com- pleting the insect chart and Dr. Cross that for weeds. Those pi-es- ent were Dr. Franklin, County Agents Beattie and Tomlinson, J. Frank Butler, William Butler, Ber- tram Ryder, Richard Rich, Carl Urann, George E. Short, Keith Work, Melville C. Beaton, Nahum Morse, Raymond Morse and Drs. Chandler and Cross. TRUFANT (Continued from Page 8) "Hosing In" Another new method of bog operation by Mr. Trufant is the "hosing in" of the sand in re-sand- ing. After spreading in the usual manner he plays a stream of water upon it — getting the water from any convenient ditch with a self-priming pump, one and one- half inch. He experimented for a long time with different type noz- zles for the hose. He finally de- veloped one which would give a "nice stream of water, strong enough to move the sand around a little, but not powerful enough to bring up the trash from the bog floor." He finds this spreads the sand more evenly and frees the uprights. This practice has been observed by Dr. Franklin and others and given favorable com- ment. No power line — as yet — reaches the Trufant screenhouse, but that doesn't keep Trufant from having power for his separators or elec- tricity for the lights of his sorting- room. He powers his separat- ors, a Hayden and a Bailey (char- acteristically altered) by the gasoline motor of his duster, using it interchangeably. To get six volts for the lights in the sorting room he uses an automobile gener- ator, belted to the shafting. His sorting tables can accommodate up to nine girls. The girls are kept (Continued on Page 28) Twenty -six 5 I. With Cranberries s Still STIMTOX "A CfiSck These Plus Value$; Equal in toxicity to straight pyrethrum powders having 50% higher pyrethrins content. More than twice as stable as ordinary pyrethrum powder. Every particle active — no inert fillers. Adheres better than a dry dust. Most economical py- rethrum powder on the market Free flowing-suitable for any application. Yes, when it comes to controlling cran- berry insect pests, there's nothing like the old standby — Stimtox "A". In this quali- ty Powco Brand product, all of the advan- tages of a pyrethrum insecticide are com- bined with the plus values of greater tox- icity and lower cost. Stimtox "A" is more toxic than straight pyrethrum because of a special impregna- tion process which make the pyrethrins — the active principles of pyrethrum — ^read- ily available on the outer surface of each particle. What's more, Stimtox "A" does not deteriorate rapidly like straight ground pyrethrum because of the protective action of the impregnated oil extract. Stimtox "A" is more economical be- cause of this greater availability of pyre- thrins. In most cases, Stimtox "A" affords a saving of at least 30% over straight ground pyrethrum flowers. ONE PARK AYE, NEW YORK 16, N.Y. %MIS OFFICES 350 N. Clark Street, Chicago, 111. 503 Market Street, San Francisco, Calif. Grant Bldg., Pittsburgh, Pa. Sth & Chestnut (Drexel Bldg.j Philadelphia, Pa. CANADA, Cbarles Albert Smith Ltd., 123 Liberty Street, Teronto Charles Albert Smith Ltd.. 315 Youvllle Square, Montreal warm by an auto heater blower at corner of the screenhouse, separ- the base of an asbestos-jacketed ated by partitions which can ' be wood stove in his "office" adjoin- removed to throw it into the main ing. This office is formed from a room when he needs more working Colley Cranberry Company Plymouth, Mass. Office 17 Court Street Telephone Plymouth 1622 space. If trouble in the sorting room develops, the girls summon Mr. Trufant by sounding a loud buzzer. For convenience in handling his berries he has two blowers, one on the basement floor and one on the main, both arranged so ber- ries can be fed into a single ele- vator from either level, to a hop- per on the top floor. As an accessory to this hopper there is an arrangement such as this reporter, at least, never saw in any other screenhouse. Mr. Trufant has placed an elec-tric light at the hopper which turns from green to the red of the ber- ries when the hopper is full. This light signal is flashed down to the worker at the blower through peep holes in the floors, where it falls upon a horizontal mirror which the worker can observe from his position behind the blower, so as to avoid over-filling the hop- per. Mr. Trufant wisely believes there is much advantage in em- ploying as much year-round help as possible. He has two full-time (Continued on Page 30) "KEEP SMILING" i eter x\« -Lie 1^ age PLYMOUTH Tel. 740 Peter A. LeSage YARMOUTH Distributor of Cape Cod Cranberries Tei. Barnstable i07 Tw»nty -eight for CRANBERRY BOGS The modern, economical way of irrigation, frost protection, cyanide spraying, and even sand distribution is by Buckner Cranberry sprinklers. 'tt^vt-laJ'-B-iSui- 1 jrt.j^yij::j5:ji;jp^wif.aji!3KiH=?'^^ giant irrigator tiigh pressure A typical Western Cranberry bog instal- latioii with Buckner's low-pressure sprink- lers efficiently using established water supply. Built to Cranberry Bog Specifications Buckner Cranberry sprinklers were designed by Cranberry Bog engi- neers and are built for economical, trouble-free operation. Choice of models gives you a perfect cur- tain of water for any size bog. Low installation cost. Proven results in all bog sections of the country. See your Buckner representative now — there's one near you, and Buckner Sprinklers are available on short notice du low al-action pressure ^NB^ I^S rirr/MlV nccircc Chicogo — C. E. Stewart — Engineering Mgr. — 7658 Calumet Ave. rALIUKT UrrlLti Fresno — H. M. Clorke -^ Soles Manoaer — P. O. Box 232 Sf^UnMe^ 9n/U(faikm S^c^mfimeHt jfi^ (uien^ 30 yeaA^^ men and two on a part-time basis. His foreman is Frank Silva, who, besides being a good cranberry grower, is, like his boss, much in- terested in mechanics. Mr. Trufant is also one of the growers who have faith in and keep bees to assist in pollination. He now has four colonies, all he finds time for, but has had as many as a dozen. While this is not mechanical, he is the developer of the Cranberry Almanac. Lest the grower forget his duties as the different days of the year roll around, this cal- ender has printed suggestions be- side the dates. Mr. Trufant did not write this information and in- structions of what to do, himself, but merely compiled the data from the charts, the works of Dr, Franklin and others and then hitched it to the right dates. New England Cranberry Sales is now putting out a calendar of this sort each month, and the compilation is done by Mr. Trufant. The cal- endar is thus a constant reminder to the grower, as he glances at it. that a certain bog- operation should be begun; certain insects watched. Other Interests Aside from his cranberry activ- ities, Mr. Trufant is "moderaul interested in public and comm f^ ity affairs. This year he is a nii i ' ber of the town finance commil and is a member of the scVp!' THOMAS BROTHERS General Contractors MIDDLEBORO, MASS. Tel. Middleboro 772 Concrete Flumes and PumpwelU Transit Mix Concrete Complete Line of Construction Equipment Excavating - Grading - Hauling Leave the Tough Jobs for Us Our Experience is Your Guarantee FORTY YEARS Early in 1907 a group of courageous cranberry growers organized the New England Cranberry Sales Company, with little capital, but with great hopes and unbounded faith that by working together their problems could be solved effectively. A sound foundation was laid, based on the fundamental principles that: HUMAN RIGHTS are superior to I'ROPERTY RIGHTS. A member should have one and only one vote. Operation be on non-profit basis. Net savings be returned to members in proportion to patronage. The years have proved the wisdom of these growers. Cooperation on this basis has been successful. New England Cranberry Sales Co. (The Fresh Cranberry Cooperative) 9 Station Street Middleboro, Mass. Thirty ilding-- committee for the pro- sed Carver Center school and of 'e building committee for the oposed Carver Public Library, hile in Middleboro he was chair- Ian of the Planning board for 12 ^ars and was "left hand" man r former Town Manager Harry Goodale. During a part of the ;pression he planned and man- ned the Middleboro WPA eon- ruction projects. He is a member of South Shore ranberry Club and of Cape Cod ranberry Growers' Association, e is one of the most faithful in ttendance at cranberry meetings, e is a member of A. F. & A. M. lue Lodge; an associate member the American Society of Civil Ingineers and its Boston Section, nd member of the Engineering ocieties of New England. Mr. and Mrs. Trufant have two aughters: Ella, with the State )epartment at the Embassy in Juenos Aires, Argentina, while arolyn studies at Massachusetts State College. There are no sons. With his originality, his willing- less to "pioneer" new ways, plus his unshaken opinions, Mr. Tru- regarded men in the Massachu- fant, in his own quiet way, is one setts industry. He is a man with of the most interesting and well- a mind of his own. YOU ARE TAKING A STEP forward when you plan to make more use of ELECTRICITY in the growing of cranberries — and in your home. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM Tel. 200 PLYMOUTH Tel. 1300 Cranberry Root Grubs White Grubs»Chokeberry White Violets • Loosestrife Poison Ivy The Massachusetts Cranberry Station Chart No. 12 Recommends Para-Dichlorobenzene for Root Grubs, White Grubs, Chokeberry, White Violets, Loosestrife and Poison Ivy. It should be applied in April or early ]\Iay. Quantities varj' from IV^ lbs. per sq. rod to 1,200 lbs. per acre. Write for details. SOLVAY SALES CORPORATION, 45 Milk St., Boston 9, Mass. Distributed in Massachusetts by CRANBERRY TRADING POST Thirty-one CRANBERRY GROWERS! HERE ARE A FEW FACTS For Your Consideration For over a quarter century our Agency has been serving the Indus- try faithfully, honestly and efficiently, always having in mind the virel- fare of the growers. First to recognize the trend to smaller packages. Remember the change from the old barrel to the half-barrel, then to the quarter-barrel which became standard shipping containers? Now a new shipping container, tried out extensively during the 1946 season — results indicate that it will be a popular shipping con- tainer in the futuure. This Agency realized that in order to serve growers efficiently a two-way outlet for cranberries must be provided, those to be processed, as well as those to be sold as fresh fruit. This Was Accomplished Ten Years Ago. BEATON'S DISTRffiUTING AGENCY Cape Cod Cranberries WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS Telephone Wareham { J|» t Thirty-two Let's Look at the Record Despite all the talk of recession, etc., and the fact that Buyers for Wholesale Grocers and Chains are reluctant to pur- chase canned foods, Cranberry orders con- tinue to arrive in good quantities. Like the famous phrase used by a cer- eal manufacturer, "There's a reason" - - QUALITY COUNTS MI NOT and CONWAY's Cranberry Sauce are "QUALITY PRODUCTS" and will continue to be in demand by the Public. MIN-OT FOOD PACKERS, Inc. BRIDGETON. NEW JERSEY Represented by BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY WAREHAM, MASS. enine Our thanks to you. ranberry Growers Thanks to your cooperation, more and more Stokely's Finest Cranberry Sauce is bright dinner tables in all the 48 states. Our plant operates year-round (and that keeps canning costs down.) Our sales force blankets the country, selling cranberries all year-round, under a label that is famousi for fine foods. At the same time, we are regularly fea- turing your cranberries in full-page, four- color advertisements in eight leading maga- zines* . . . selling 41,000,000 women ever. month on new ways to use and serve cran- berry sauce. Watch for Stokely ads like these. They sell your cranberries at a profit i — with no shrinkage, no storage loss — not four, but twelve months every year. Saturday Evening Post, Time, Ladies' Home Journal, I McCall's, Better Homes and Gardens, American Home, True Story, New York Times Magazine. Let's work together to sell more cranberriesl I STOKELY-VAN CAMF, INC., Indianapolis •VTNG A $12,000,000 A YbAR INDUblKY iPE COD JEW JERSEY VISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON 1^ "TED" LENARI Massachusetts Grower Develops Picker April, 1947 CRANBERRIES 30 cents More than 52 years of Continued Conscientious Service to our many members. Wouldn't you like to join us? Growers Cranberry Company, Inc. PEMBERTON, NEW JERSEY THE WISCONSIN CRANBERRY SALES CO. EXTENDS VERY BEST WISHES TO THE 150 MEMBERS OF THE COOS CRANBERRY COOP- ERATIVE WHO HAVE JOINED THE AMERICAN CRANBERRY EXCHANGE Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company WISCONSIN RAPIDS - - - WISCONSIN WHAT'S IN A NAME... More and more consumers are saying: "OCEAN SPRAY, please!" when they ask for cranberries and cranberry products because they know from experience that they're good, and because an active pro- motional campaign has kept the name continually before them. And more and more growers are recognizing that the only way to build a sound and secure cranberry industry is through cooperation. When hundreds of growers band together to handle their own crop them- selves, they can create a demand that grows more and more insistent every season, and assures a market for all their berries — not only the best, but all the rest. National Cranberry Association The Growers' Cooperative with More Than 900 Members in Every Cranberry Producing Area Branches at: Hanson, Massachusetts Coquille, Oregon Markham, Washington IJ Onset, Massachusetts Bordentown, New Jersey Plymouth, Massachusetts North Chicago, Illinois North Harwich, Massachusetts Long Beach, Washington Dennis, Massachusetts OlREGTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS MASSACHUSETTS Call WAREHAM 162 S. C. M. Packard & Co. Hardware — Locksmiths For Maintenance Supplies USE DYNAMITE! The modern way to re- move stumps, excavate rocks, DIG CORES FOR DIKES, and other blasting work in cranberry growing. Speeds up work — reduces costs. CONSULT WITH US ON ANY WORK YOU ARE PLANNING. Trained by Hercules Powder Co. ALTON J. SMITH High St., Hanson, Mass. Tel. Bryantville 209-R-3 IRRIGATION for Cranberries and All Other Purposes SKINNER SYSTEM of IRRIGATION Brookline, Mass. Established 30 years Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK At Screenhouaaa, Boca and Pumpa Meana SatiaTaction ALFRED PAPPI WAREHAM, MASS. Tal. US Serving Western Cranberry Growers with High Quality Products Rotenone Pyrethrum Sabadilla Nicotine Copper Sprays Oil Sprays Lime Sulphur Solution Miller Products Company Portland 1, Oregon JOHN HILL Plymouth St. Bryantville, Mass. Offers Cranberry Growers the Value: Of Long Experience in Cranberry Work plus The Latest in Construction- Renovation Equipment, in- cluding: 2 Caterpillar Tractor Bulh'ozers 2 Power Shovels Sand, Gravel, Crushed Stone Delivered Tel. Bryantville 6422 Morris April Bros. Bridgeton - Tuckahoe New Jersey Apples Cranberries Peaches GROWERS AND SHIPPERS H. R. Bailey Co. South Carver Massachusetts Manufacturers of CRANBERRY EQUIPMENT Marinette & Menominee Box Co., Marinette, Wisconsin UOXES. BOX SHOCKS, CRATING WIREBOUND BOXES AND CRATES M & M's 64th Year Serving the Wiscoosin Cranberry Growers Harvest and Shipping Boxes Jesse A. Holmes & Son Carver, Mass. Tel. Carver 10-3 ERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY ADAMS & GOULD Lumber Dealers "Everything Under Cover" East Wareham, Mass. Tel. Wareham 648 Building Material for Bog, Screenhouse and Home Uses Paints - Hardware Russell A. Trufant Plymouth Street North Carver Trefabricated Flumes Corrugated Iron Pipe Culverts Brookville Locomotives West Virginia Rail Also Consultant on Canals, etc. Tel. Carver 64-11 KROP-SAVER brand INSECTICIDES FUNGICIDES For the Cranberry Grower CROP-SAVER CHEMICAL COMPANY, Inc. 3511 West Potomac Avenue Chicago 51, Illinois Cape & Vineyard Electric Company Offices : Chatham Falmouth Hyannis Vineyard Haven EstablUhcd 1848 Hall & Cole Incorporated Commission Merchants and Jobbers 94 Faneuil Hall Market 102 BOSTON, MASS. APPLES AND CRANBERRIES SPECIALTIES Car Lot Receivers The National Bank of Wareham Wareham, Mass. MIMSKR rEDKRAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION Acushnet Saw Mills Co. GOOD WOOD BOXES Cranberry Growers Order Harvest and Shipping Boxes New Bedford, Mass. Est. 1865 Wood County National Bank Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin MEMBER FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION Cranberry Growers : WE ARE IN POSITION TO SUPPLY YOU WITH YOUR 1947 CRANBERRY CON- TAINERS also Good Quality Wheeling Plank Quotations on Request F. H. COLE North Carver, Mass. Est. 1707 WOODEN BOX MFGR. Oregon Now Served By Two National Cranberry Organizations still the "Baby" of the Industry, the Affiliation of Coos Cranberry Co-op with American Cranberry Exchange Promised Continued Development — NCA Holds Big Meeting. BANDON, OREGON — Development of the cranberry industry in Coos County is one of the highlights in Oregon's specialty-crop produc- tion, and promises during the next few years to become one of the major intensive-cultivated crops of the state. Recent meetings by two marketing cooperatives held in Bandon and Coquille reveal nation-wide hook-ups that will give Oregon growers the benefit of the widest markets available. By affiliations with national associations, Oregon producers are assured of stabilization in the matter of distribution and price. The Coos Cranberry Cooperative, pioneer organization of the cran- berry industry in Orgeon, became affiliated with the American Cran- berry Exchange at a special meet- ing held Mai'ch 6 in Bandon. Elmer E. Gant, secretary of the Coos Cranberry Co-op, in com- menting on the affiliation, said: "Vernon Goldsworthy, a director and representative of the Amer- ican Exchange, met with the mem- bers of the Coos Cranberry Co- operative and explained how the Exchange operated. Upon learn- ing that the ACE did not issue stock nor ask members to sign contracts, nor pool their sales on a national basis (allowing each state local to handle its own pool), and that the Exchange was composed of growers elected from each state to act as directors, and that their method of operation was practical- ly identical to Coos Cranberry Co- operative, the members voted to become a part of this lai'ge organ- ization. The Exchange will sell all number one berries on the fresh market and all others will go for canning or freezing." The Coos Cranberry Cooperative maintains its identity, with Ray Bates as president and Elmer E. Gant a.s secretary. NCA Meeting Marcus L. Urann, president of the National Cranberry Associa- tion, was here from the East dur- ing the month, and at meetings with local grower-members of the association gave a detailed account of the past year's operations and of prospects for the present year. In relation to the national pic- ture, Oregon is still the "baby" of the industry, but, speaking of pos- sibilities, T'.-ann stated: "I have more confidence than ever before in this area. At first I was doubt- ful of weather conditions, but now I am convinced that you have everything necessary to a great in- dustry." Two local committees of th National Cranberry Associatio met with Urann at Coquille to di; cuss operating plans for the 194 season. It was revealed that Bar don's cranberry production in 194 grossed about .5400,000, half c which was marketed through th NCA. As local production ir creases the NCA cannery at Cc quille is to be enlarged to meet th demand. During the 1946 season the Cc quille plant handled 700,000 pound of berries, a few of which wei shipped from North Bend, Hause: Sand Lake and Warrenton, bu most of which were produced b Bandon cranberry growers. Ex tensions are being made to handl a larger volume of berries in 1941 While a large percentage of th Bandon crop has sold on the fres market in the past, local grower predict that in the future an in creasing volume will be pi'ocesseo due to more commercial harvestinj methods which can be employe^ when the berries are to be sent t a cannery. President Urann told committe members that it is the obje-'tive o the NCA to provide whatever ser vice is needed by local memberf (Continued on Page 18) LLOYD M. HENDRICK Registered Architect Architect-Engineer Public, Commercial and Domestic Work BAKER BLDG. BUZZARDS BAY AND POCASSET, MASS. BUFFALO TURBINE SPRAYER - DUSTER HARDIE SPRAYERS MATHEWS CONVEYERS INSECTICIDES - FUNGICIDES CHEMICALS - FERTILIZER HOSE - RODS - NOZZLES - GUNS YOU SHOULD SEE OUR NEW WAREHOUSE. RIGHT UP TO THE MINUTE. FROST S^SECTICIOE CO. Box 36 Arliington 74, Mass. W ^^,,^T\0NALCR/^N65RR,/,,^.^^^ Issiio of April. 1947 — Vol. 11, No. 12 Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop, Main St., Wareham. Massachusetts. Subscription, $3.00 per year. entered as second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post-office at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3, 1879. RESH FROM THE FIELDS By C J. H. |M[ASSACHUSETTS Warm March March ended the winter of '46- 47 by being a month warmer than lormal by about four degrees a lay, thus continuing, the warmer- ;han-normal trend which has been n evidence for a good many nonths. Warmest degree of the nonth recorded at State Bog was )6 on the 25th, coldest 20 on the !7th and 28th. Precipitation was 10. As a warm April usually may De expected to follow a warm March, Dr. Franklin is anticipat- ng such an occurz-ence. Ice went )ut early this year. Bogs were being brought out ['rem under the winter flood, and there appeared to be more acreage ;han usual out of flood as March tvas ending, but probably this was justified by the temperatures. Dxygen deficiency damage in the Alarm winter with the light amount if snow fall, was believed to be comparatively slight, taken as a tvhole. Some Winter Kill There was, however, some winter kill showing up on some bogs, more than had been anticipated. Most of this killing probably occurred from February 9th to the 13th, ■when there were high and cold winds. The night of the 8th brought a thunder storm and a cold front which came in early on the morning of the 9th. The dam- age this brought in is now show- ing on some bogs which were dry at that time, although flooded by rains since, and as this water is taken off the damage is being .found. How extensive it is is [problematical, but there is enough so that winterkill will be recorded for the '46- '47 winter. It had previously been expected here would be very little. What Prospects? The $64 question to growers is what crop prospects can be antic- ipated because of the very poor bud formation which Dr. Franklin and others have called the poorest they have ever seen. This became ap- parent last fall and the condition is very general. Ofl'setting this adverse factor is the light oxygen deficiency damage, a mild winter, and the extremely high sunshine hours, this being (as reported by Dr. Cross in the last issue), 2758 or 62 per cent of the possible max- imum for 1946. There would still seem to be possibility of a normal production, even though a big croTi might scarcely be hoped for. (Continued on Page 18) Cape Growers Association To Have Meeting, Exhibition On April 30th While plans are not yet com- plete in detail, Cape Cod Cranber- ry Growers' Association plans a spring meeting, Wednesday, April 30, which should hold much inter- est for all growers. This will be at Memorial Town Hall, Wareham. Arrangements are being made for an exhibition of cranberry equipment, including helicopters, which will be opened at 10 a. m. in the town hall basement and on the grounds. At noon there will be a buff'et lunch served by a cat- erer, and then a business meeting and speaking pi'ogram in the audi- torium, beginning at 1.30. Pro- gram will not extend into the evening. The committee planning the af- ternoon program is Bertram Tom- linson, Barnstable County agent, chairman. President George E. Short and Dr. F. B. Chandler. Following the business session there will be talks by Dr. C. R. Fellers of Amherst, who will speak on "Cranberries for Food and Health"; Fred J. Sievers, director of Exptrimental Station, Mass. State College; Willard Munson, director of Mass. Extension Ser- vice; and State Commissioner of Agriculture Frederick S. Cole. Arrangements for the exhibition in charge of a committee consist- ing of Ferris Waite, chairman, Raymond Morse and Clarence J. Hall were still in the early stage as this went to press, but NCA expects to have its No. 1 helicop- ter on hand. New England Cran- berry Sales Company hopes it may be possible to have a 'copter also, which it is leasing from Wiggins Airways; there will be sprinklers, new type flumes and gates, trac- tors, pumps, engines, possibly pickers, a float bdat', spi-ayer.s, dusters — in fact, as varied and comprehensive a show of items which would be of interest to cran- berry gTowers, as can be assem- bled. The buflfet lunch is in charge of Russell Makepeace and will -be catered by New Bedford Public Market. .■-.:,., F^ve Brazilian-Born Grower Is Among ''Picker'' Developers "Ted" Lenari, Kingston, Massachusetts, Hopes to Have Several Vacuum Machines This Fall — Initial Develop- ment Backed by NCA — Is Strong Believer in That Co-op By CLARENCE J. HALL If cranberry picking machines— in all probability several different kinds — are not in extensive experimental use on bogs by next fall, it will not be because of lack of high hope, much planning, and continued ex- perimentation since last fall. It is no secret that development aad im- provement of models is in progress by a number of inventors. Each of these inventors is sure he is at least "on the right track." From coast to coast the quest for the picker is on. An inventor, vt^ho is as confident of ultimate success as any, is An- tone (Ted) Lenari of Kingston, Massachusetts. His picker is a machine in which National Cranberry Association is interested and gave assist- ance to in the initial development. However, even if "Ted" should not be the one to hit the jack-pot in pickers and so achieve cranberry fame, he — and his brother Robert — have a distinction within the in- dustry. This is a distinction which just came about through chance. Ted and Robert are Brazilian- born, and are the only such grow- ers within the industry, as far as the writer knows. The Lenaris are not Brazilian by blood; Ted and Robert happened to be bom in that South American country, and lived there as small boys. Their father, the late John Lenari, was an Italian marine engineer who eventually left his native Genoa to settle for a time in Bra- zil, later transferring to Plymouth, Massachusetts. Ted was born at Jose de For, near Rio, and was brought to this country when he was about eight. While in Brazil, Ted's father be- came interested in coffee growing, and in fact the family still main- tain indirect coffee interests there. Ted remembers how the coffee beans were grown, and especially bow they were washed in a series of pool.s, each pool stepped to a lower level. Built His Bogs in "Steps" When Lenari came to build his cTanberry bog — upon which he first tried out his picker two falls ago — for his location, he chose a fast- falling brook to build along and where his bop units are in steps. He says he had recollections of the coffee plantation when he laid out his property. For his occupation, as had his father, Ted chose to be an engi- neer. He made the decision ear- lier in yeai-s and rather against his father's wishes. He left Plymouth schools to join his father in the power plant of the famed Ply- mouth Cordage Company works. He later became assistant engineer there under Chief John Skakle. Today Lenari is engineer (chief) at the American Woolen Mills plant in Plymouth, and has been for the last dozen years or so. But this was after he had taken engineering training for four years 1930-34, at the Hawley School of Engineering, Mechanics Building, Boston. He holds a first class state license as steam or power engineer. Lenari remains an engineer by principal profession, but his inter- est in cranberries is high, and still growing-. He now has six acres of bog in bearing, plans four acres more this year, and in the near future will have eleven more along this book in a valley in Kingston, chosen because he could step his bogs down. Lenari Family Owns 40 Acres Besides the bogs Ted owns, his brother, Robert, has 22 at South Pond, Plymouth; another brother, Charles, five at Wolf Pond, King- slriii, and the family of a thii brother, the late Ferdinand, has ] ai.Tes at Middleboro. In all, th Lenari family has about 4 J acre His wife, Mary, is as interested i cianberries as is Ted himself. Sh works on the bog and faithfull attends cranberry meetings. Lenari says he began to be it terested in cranberry growing a a young fellow when, at times, h worked at pumps and frost flowin for Richard M. Smalley of Feden Cranberry Company, South Cai ver, and also Nicholas Phillips c Plymouth. He has been a growe for the past ten years. He bull his bog only after "scouting th country" to find the situation h had in mind. He found this in th Kingston valley, a much more rug. gde location than that of mos Massachusetts bogs. His propert lies between abi-upt hills, alonj Smelt Pond Brook, which flow from Smelt Pond, a state pond c 57 acres. Its course is throug Foundry pond, so called becaus- there was once a water-powerei foundry there, and into Jones riv er and Kingston Bay. Smelt Pond Brook, Lenari fig. ures, has 2,000 gallons natui-a flow a minute, which, of course, h' can boost by holding back am pulling planks, and the drop be tween his two present bogs, eacl of about three acres, is seven feet He needs no pump to get the wate: on, or any to pull it back, onc( used. The brook is the only outle' of the pond and his are the onlj bogs in the valley. This valley, with the rapid anc ample water supply which Lenar chose for the site of his bogs, had maple and pine bottoms with plen- ty of sand banks. The original three-acre piece he built mostly himself with a steam winch set on one of the hills, with which he cleared out the trees. He began work in the winter and had the land ready for planting in May ten years ago. This he planted to Early Blacks, as is the second bog, Early Blacks, as is the second bog, seven feet higher, and the third piece above he is putting in this year will be Blacks. Blacks will continue to bo hi.s choice in the section he is to build lower down the stream, this building being delayed because of con- st struction of a new state road through his district, and he is waiting until he sees just how this will affect him. He is uninterested in any other variety unless he can get some of the "new kinds", the hybrids of the cranberry breeding- project. He would like to try some of these. Believes in Smaller Bogs, Better Bearing The Lenari holdings are admit- tedly relatively small, but he de- clares he is determined to make every foot of them bear berries. "If any part doesn't bear, I re- build it or do something. I don't believe in a lot of acreage, giving only maybe 25 barrels to the acre, and, besides that, I want to pick every berry that I grow." It was this determination to get all the fruit on his bog that was chiefly responsible for his attempt- ing to build a picking machine. Last year he produced well over 100 barrels to the acre on his orig- inal three-acre section and says it has borne even better than last year. In addition to his two fin- ished pieces, Lenari really has a third and very small bog. This he calls "the Silver Dollar", giving it this name because, he says, "I don't dare to quite call it gold, but it's at least silver, and about the size of a silver dollar". Lenari really is an enthusiastic cranberry grower. The suction picker which Lenari developed to get every berry he grows is mounted on a two-wheeled chassis with rubber-tired wheels. It is easily pulled to any part of the bog which he is ready to pick. His further description is that berries are drawn from the vines by suction into a vertical drum; the power is produced by a fan driven by a 7% h. p. Briggs & Stratton motor, and the hose is corrugated and flexible, with a special nozzle 4% inches wide. When the berries are in the area at the top of the container drum, which has a special rubber lining to prevent bruising, they drop to a canvas holder and then through a six-inch opening to the bottom of the container. From the bot- tom the berries are removed through a door, which is held shut by suction when the machine is in operation, and into a field box. Picker "Vacuum Cleans" the Bog Besides the initial financial sup- port and the interest of National Cranberry Association, through this cooperative, Mr. Lenari had assistance from the United States Rubber Company in developing special hose and linings. The Jan- uary issue of "US", a booklet pub- lished by the publicity department of the rubber company, contained a lead article upon the picker, cranberries, and the part of the company in its development. The article was illustrated. The picker, as Lenari says, "looks like a vacuum cleaner and, in fact, operates considerably like one." According to Lenari, the machine not only picks cranber- ries and picks them clean, but "cleans the bog, right down to the sand. It cleans up the leafdrop. I think it even picks up the insects and will clean the bog of these. When you get through picking with this machine, you've really got a vacuum cleaned bog." "Another thing", he continues, in explanation of what the Lenari suction picker will do, "you can pick when vines are wet, and even in the rain. The suction dries the berries. I've picked when I've worn a I'ain coat and rubber boots. I've begun at sunrise when the vines were sopping and picked right through the day. You can get in 10 or 12 hours a day — not five or maybe six, as in scooping or hand picking. You know what that means when it comes to cran- berry picking. I don't see why you couldn't pick right into the night by artificial light if you wanted to." Last fall, Lenari himself with the one machine with the single noz- zle, used the suction picker for three weeks and picked 300 bush- els. Picking last fall was an ex- periment. Replying to the ques- tion of how fast the picker har- vested, he says it has picked three bushels, or approximately a bar- rel an hour, with himself operat- ing. Had Assistance of NCA With the background of last year's experience, Lenari plans to build bigger and more machines for this coming harvest. There will be a bigger container, a big- ger fan and a bigger engine. He expects this larger machine will be able to use at least three suc- tion hoses, increasing the speed of harvesting. He plans eight or more of these bigger machines and expects they will be made available for use through NCA to members. Lenari, as previously stated, is thoroughly sold on cooperatives for cranberry growers and on the National Cran- berry Association in particular. "Why shouldn't I be?" he asks. "I am helped out in every way and the cooperative puts good money into my pocket every year. I be- lieve the cranberry industry would not be where it is today if it were not for Mr. Urann, our president, and the cooperative." Lenari first became interested in the Co-op when he had some float- ers on his hands. He asked the then Cranberry Canners to handle them for him, expecting to get maybe four dollars a barrel and feel himself lucky. Instead, when he received a check for $9.00 a barrel he thought there had been a mistake and was ready to return the amount in error, but found there had been no error. It was at the Lenari bog that the Giant Buckner sprinkler head was recently demonstrated by Fer- ris Waite of NCA. Although Len- ari has plenty of water, he still likes to use as little as possible, being another of those growers inclined to feel water is often used more freely than is desirable. Has No Fears for Industry Future Lenari is an out-door man and likes to roam around the country- side whenever he finds the time. His sport is fox hunting. He en- joys "just being at the bog" in his rugged valley. He has built a small storage shed with a roughly- finished room where he watches on frost nights, oversees his various bog operations, and occasionally merely "loafs". In Lenari's mind, there is no question about the future of the cranberry industry, now that cran- berries are so extensively pro- cessed and are available to the con- suming public the whole year around. He points to the possi- bility of an export market to South America if necessary. "Latin Americans are crazy for 'tarty' (Continued on Page 22) Seven Definite Proposal Toward Closer Cooperation of Clubs And Cape Growers' Association Plymouth County Organizations Vote, After Discussion to Become Units of Older Groups, Dependent upon Actions of Cape Clubs and Ass'n Itself — -Weed, Insect Charts Discussed. ' Steps which may lead to the ulti- mate achievement of an objective long desired by many — that of closer cooperation between the Massachusetts cranberry clubs and the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association were taken at the final winter meeting of the Southeastern group, Rochester, March 25th, and South Shore, Plymouth, March 27. This was done through positive action upon the formal suggestion of a joint committee composed of representatives of the Plymouth County clubs, Barnstable County, and of the Growers' association, which had met at the J. J. Beaton Company office on March 17th and drawn up the recommendation. This recommendation was that the four Massachusetts clubg be- come "units" of Cape Cod Cran- berry Growers' Association, pro- vided that club pi-esidents be di- rectors of the association. The Southeastern club, first to consid- er the matter, voted to affiliate it- self wih the association, provided the other clubs did likewise and the association itself voted favor- ably, but it did leave the question of dues between the two groups open for future settlement. The South Shore voted not only to join, but to pay the dues. The report of the joint commit- tee unon which the two clubs acted follows: On March 17, a joint commit- tee made up of representation of the Southeastern and South Shore Cranberry Clubs, repre- sentatives from Barnstable Coun- ty and representatives of the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Asso'.'iation, mot at the office of the J. J. Baaton Cranberry Com- pany to consider ways and means or integrating the programs of the various grouns for the bene- fit of the industry. Following a lengthy discussion of the responsibilities, achieve- ments, and leadership of each JF.ight group, the following action was taken. A. Requests to the Cranberry Clubs: 1. The joint committee voted unanimously to request the Cran- berry Clubs to consider becom- ing a unit of the Cape Cod Cran- berry Growers' Association, pro- viding that the Club presidents be made directors of the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Asso- ciation. 2. The joint committee rec- ommends that the annual dues be established at the rate of §3.00 per vear, to be divided be- tween the various clubs and the association in the amount of $1.00 and $2.00 respectively. 3. The joint committee rec- ommends that if these sugges- tions are not acceptable, that Clubs propose an alternative plan of action. B. Requests to the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Ass'n: 1. The joint committee unan- imously voted to request the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association to accept the Cran- berry Clubs as a unit of the As- sociation. 2. The joint committee recom- mends that the Cape Cod Cran- berry Growers' Association make provision for the Club presidents to serve on its Board of Direc- tors. Action Requested: The joint committee requests the club presidents to be respon- sible for submitting this plan to the Cranberry Clubs at their next regular meeting, and to re- port the results to the president of the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association before the Spring meeting on April 30th. The joint committee requests the president of the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association to submit the matter to the as- sembled cranberry growers at the Spring meeting on April 30 for a vote of acceptance or I'ejection, and that any changes in by-laws of the Association found ncccs- . sayr to comply with this request, be prepared for action at the annual meeting in August. The Committee: George Short, Plymouth Homer Gibbs, Wareham Nahum Gitbs, East Freetown Gilbert Beaton, Wareham Orrin Colley, Kingston Keith Work, Hanson Arthur Chandler, Marshfield Bernard Shaw, South Cai-ver Raymond Morse, W. Wareham Frank Crandon, Acushnet Melville Beaton, Wareham Gilbert Beaton, Wareham Dr. Fred Chandler, E. Wareham Bertram Tomlinson, Barnstable J. Richard Beattie, Brockton J. T. Brown, Bi'ockton Rochester Meeting Raymond Morse read the com- mittee report at Rochester and this started a spirited discussion of more than an hour in which a number took part. Arguments were not concerned chiefly with the desirability of a closer union be- tween the over-all association and the four clubs, but as to how it might be done, with strong opinion that the clubs were too valuable to lose their identity and upon whether dues should be assessed in a single bill for both clubs and growers' association, or should club members have the right to decide individually about joining both. Alternate suggestions of some form of associate or affiliate membership rather than full mem- bership were suggested. One point brought out was whether or not club members who are employes, but not growers, should be assessed the full three dollars. Frank Crandon argued for a fed- eration, rather than for the clubs to become units of the association. He said he believed there should be a definite form of affiliation, and the question of dues need not enter too strongly into the consid- eration. Melville Beaton summed up the matter in saying the pur- pose was not to destroy the clubs, but to provide some "over-all" group which could speak for the whole industry in Massachusetts in legislative and other matters, and that the intent had been to set up such a body in he associa- tion through a greatly increased membership of which the associa- tion was sadly in need. He said clubs and thq association should not be competing in any respect, but should be working together co- operatively. Plymouth Meeting Substantially the same points ere discoissed, but at less length t Plymouth. Here George E. hort, president of the Growers' ssociation, gave a picture of the ituation and called upon Russell akepeace, vice president, to give 'urther details. At both clubs it vas brought out that the associa- ion might not gain too much in nembership through having the ;lubs as units. In this connection land votes of those present who vera members of the club and also )f the association, showed that ;hose who raised their hands were n nearly every case members of 3oth already. With this affirmative vote of 3oth clubs to become units, even though the Rochester meeting did not settle upon the matter of how dues should be paid, the proposal will go to the final meetings of the two Cape clubs this month and before the association spring meet- ing, April 30th. Dr. Franklin and the Insect Chart Speaking of the 1947 insect chart, Dr. Franklin said it is bet- ter than that of last year, which had been the best to that time. He explained it is not changed much in form nor in materials to be used. The principal changes wei'e in that treatment of spring slime on bogs had been changed to the weed chart, "where it belongs, as scum is a weed, not an insect"; and in .greater emphasis upon DDT. "DDT was used for the first time last year", he said, "and used quite extensively with very satis- tfactory results. However, we felt it undesirable to go very far in recommendations for DDT last year. We feared it might have harmful, as well as good, results for humans, bees, and residue left on berries." We did not know how bogs themselves would react. We wanted a line upon its effect upon vegetables, fruits, people and fish. In the past year research with DDT has gone ahead steadily, not only on cranberries, but every- where, and today we have a "fair", but by no means complete idea of what it will do. He continued that last year its use was recommended for the ti-eatment of gypsy moths only, and even this year its use on bogs beyond the beginning of the blos- soming stage was not being rec- ommended. He explained that a "blanket" treatment was being recommended for DDT, both as a dust and a spray for tip worm, just at the beginning of the blossoming period. He said this treatment might also be effective against bluntnosed leaf hoppers; fruit worm millers were out then, and beetles of root grub were also emerging. He said he felt cei'tain this was the control for the tip worm and there was strong hope the single treatment might be effective upon the other three pests. Weed Chart Regarding the weed chart. Dr. Franklin said the 1947 chart was "outstanding", due chiefly to the work of Dr. Cross since his return from the Army. At Rochester, Dr. F. B. Chand- ler spoke for Dr. Cross, who was at Amherst, and took the occasion to tell growers that chemical con- trol of weeds is one of the most difficult of jobs. He said growers wanted one control which would kill all weeds and not injure the vines, but that this was more diffi- cult than to perfect a bullet by which hunters could kill a deer, but yet not kill anything else, in- cluding a man, which was in its path. "It is very nearly an im- possibility to get a "one-shot" ma- terial which will kill all the vari- ous weeds to be found on a bog and no itnjure the vines." He told growers of the desirability of hav- ing their own collection of weed specimens, as did Dr. Cross at the Cape meetings (see stories of Cape meetings). At Plymouth Dr. Cross himself repeated the talk. Concerning the weed specimen collection. Dr. Franklin said such a herbarium or two could be pre- pared by the station and placed on display at various places for the benefit of the growers. Purpose of the Experiment Station A part of Dr. Franklin's topic was, "The Purpose of the Cran- berry Experiment Stations", and he said its function was exactly what the title implied, "to carry on experiments". He said the State College program is divided into three distinct parts: 1) to teach, which was done at the college at Amherst; 2) to do research or "ex- periment" work at the stations, including the cranberry station; 3) to extend the knowledge of re- sults of this research to those en- gaged in agi'iculture through Ex- tension Service, that is, the county agents. He said often there was overlapping and that in years gone by the East Wareham station had done "extension service work" to such an extent this had infringed upon time which should have been devoted to research. He said that now with increased extension ser- vice, more of this extension work is being taken over by Extension Service, as it should be, and re- searchers at the Station can de- vote more time to their true func- tion of research and not so much to "advising" individual growers and visiting bogs. Bill for Extension "Cranberry Specialist" He stated that a bill is to go be- fore Massachusetts Legislature to provide funds for a real "cran- berry specialist" in Extension Ser- vice. Officers Elected In the election of officers at the Southeastern, Nahum Morse was chosen president; Russell Make- peace, vice president; Gilbert Bea- ton (re-elected) secretary-treas- urer. At Plymouth, Orrin G. Col- ley was re-elested president; Rus- sell Loring, vice president; and Stanley Benson re-elected secre- tary-treasurer. Air Movies At both meetings the concluding feature was the showing of the extremely interesting movies of airplane dusting by the A. D. Makepeace company last season, and a very able and comprehensive talk upon insect control from the air by Russell Makepeace. REQUEST FROM ITALY A request for copies of CRAN- BERRIES to be sent to Libreria Internazionale, Milano, Italy, has been received. The Cranberry Magazine has subscribers in sev- eral Canadian provinces, and Eire. Finland, and Holland. Nine F. S. CHAMBERS In the death of Franklin S. Chambers at Ascona, Switzerland, March 1, (reported briefly in last month's issue), the cranberry in- dustry lost one of its greatest proponents, and a man who will be sorely missed. For 25 years presi- dent of Growers' Cranberry Com- pany of Pemberton, New Jersey, until his resignation in 1945, he was also second vice president and a director of the National Cran- berry Association. He was always a strong believer in organized ef- fort. Born in Lumberton, New Jersey, near Mt. Holly, November 16, 1877 he was in his 70th year and had been in Switzerland since last Oc- tober receiving treatment for a heart condition. He was a graduate of the Uni- versity of Pennsylvania, receiving his training as a power production engineer, following that occupation until his father-in-law, the late Joseph J. White, persuaded him to become his assistant in 1912, of Joseph J. White, Inc., Whitesbog, New Jersey, one of the largest cranberry and blueberry growing corporations in the country. Fol- lowing Mr. White's death in 1924, Mr. Chambers became president of that firm, which held the largest cranberry and blueberry acreage in New Jersey. On the occasion of the 50th an- nivej'sary of the Growers' Cran- berry Company at Walt Whitman Hotel, Camden, April 18, two years ago, Mr. Chambers announced his decision not to stand for re-elec- tion, stating that he felt 25 years was a long enough time for any- one in that capacity. This was a gala affair and a fitting climax to his untiring efforts as president for the previous 25 years. Under his guidance the company had made steady progress, and he had the distinction of being president for so long of the oldest cooper- ative in the cranberry industry and one of the oldest in any branch of agriculture. "Frank", as he was affectionate- ly known by his hosts of closest friends in the industry, had for 35 years in all been one of the fore- most men in cranberry growing. He was well known to practically every grower in New Jersey and also many of the growers in other producing areas. His advice was constantly being sought and freely given. He was always ready to as- sist in adversity within the indus- try and, in fact, gave generously of his time and talents toward the progress of cranberry growing. He was a director of Americ Cranberry Exchange, as well president of Growers' Compri and a member of the Exchan editorial board. He was a me ber of the American Cx'anbei Growers' Association of New Ji sey. He was a former preside of the board of managers of t Burlington County Hospital, ft' Holly; director of the Farme Trust Company, Mt. Holly; member of Pemberton Rota club; Pemberton Masonic Lodfi and the Junior Mechanics of Lui berton. He will be missed in fr ternal and civic affairs as well among cranberry growers. ACE Announces Contest Winners A Wareham (Massachusetts high school student, William 1 Cudworth, was chosen as winner ( the American Cranberry Exchang lei essay contest; winner of the gran- mar school division was a Wiscoi sin boy, Raymond C. Treat, Jr., student at Watermille school, T( mah. n k Second prize in the high schoc essay contest was awarded to Joh Prusynki of Wisconsin Rapids; ant third prizes were awarded to boti Gerald Rezin, also of Wisconsi Rapids, and to Paul Reddington o Raynham Center, Mass. In each contest first prize wa $75, second $50, and third, $25 Judges in the contest were Theo dore H. Budd, president of the Ex change; Arthur D. Benson, manil I AGRICO: FOR CRANBERRIES We recommend Agrico for Cranberries, 5-8-7 Fertilizer this spring Dealers at Carver, Middleboro, Wareham, Plymouth and throughout the entire Cape The AMERICAN AGRICULTURAL CHEMICAL CO. North Weymouth, Mass. Telephone Weymouth 2640 Ten Helicopter and airplane dusting and spraying are not universal, as yet. . BE PREPARED with a new Duster or Sprayer Plan now for your pumps for summer installations and BE PREPARED for Fall frosts HAYDEN SEPARATOR MANUFACTURING CO. E. C. St. Jacques WAREHAM, MASS. ager New England Cranberry Sales, and Bernard C. Brazeau of Wisconsin and director of the ACE. ' The winning essay follows: Why a Cranberry Grower Should Belong to the American Cranberry Exchange I believe a cranberry grower, no matter how large or how small, should belong to the American Cranberry Exchange because, like the Constitution of the United States, it is of the people, for the people, and by the people. By this I mean it is an organization made up of growers, who in turn work for the best interest of the grow- ers, and each of these growers has an equal voice in its control. There are no dictators, or Hit- lers, in the American Cranberry Exchange, for with equal repre- sentation there is no chwance for one to become a dictator. As in the United States of Amer- ica little Rhode Island has as much representation in the government of the United States as has buxom Texas, so in the American Cran- berry Exchange the little grower has as loud a voice through rep- resentation as has the large grow- er. The benefits derived from such a growers' cooperative are great. The cost of its nationwide adver- tisement, which to one grower would be overwhelming, is to the combined growers merely a drop in the bucket. But, remember, it takes each and every drop to make a bucketfull. Then, again, a large organiza- tion such as this, with its reputa- tion for reliability and channels for marketing berries, can handle the sales of the growers' cranber- ries to a greater advantage than can the grower alone. As a chain is no stronger than its weakest link, why not each and every grower, no matter how small, join the American Cranberry Ex- change, even though you believe yourself one of the weakest links, and prove to yourself that you can hold that link together. Jean Nash Only Woman Director Miss Jean Nash, Wisconsin Rap- ids, honored in December by her election as the only woman director of Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Co., has always been enthusiastic at out-door sports. Photo shows her at Sun Valley, Idaho, where she went this winter, following her custom of spending some weeks each year at skiing, at Sun "Valley, Nevada, New Hampshire, or else- where. Miss Nash, who is managing operations of the Biron Cranberry Company's 74 acre bog, following the death of her noted father, the late Guy Nash, last year, is the second woman to serve as director of the Wisconsin organization, the first being the late Lucetta Case, who was a member of the board a number of years ago. She majored in physical educa- tion at LaCrosse Teachers' College, LaCross, Wisconsin, and went on from there to teach physical adu- cation in the South Milwaukee public schools for five years. She concluded this work and went to Europe for a vacation and upon return enrolled in Miss Brown's School of Business in Milwaukee. Long intensively interested in the operation of Biron Marsh with her father, she kept a daily record of events and assisted in its oper- ation in many ways. This inter- est, which included growing condi- tions, management problems and technical developments, has grad- ually come to occupy her full time. She has had to become less active in various organizations at Wis- consin Rapids, including a study club, book club, and an "activities" club which did war work, raised funds, and engaged in other worth- while programs. Miss Nash is up by 7.30 in the morning and her work on Biron Marsh matters often carries through into the evenings. Her well-earned vacation at ski- ing at Sun Valley this year was terminated abruptly, however, when within two hours after she was pictured (page 13), she had the misfortune to fracture her leg. She is now making rapid progress toward recovery from this injury. An interview has been given and photographs taken and very short- ly a feature article upon Miss Nash and her cranberry work will ap- pear in a leading national farm publication. Eleven (^ditMals ISSUE OF APRIL, 1947 Vol. 11 No. 12 THE CAPE COD CRANBERRY GROWERS' ASSOCIATION NO matter how strong are marketing co- operatives, nor how keen and inter- esting are localized cranberry clubs, the industry needs strong state organizations, and, by the same token, when the time is ripe a national non-marketing association Vvhich could speak for the entire industry. This is written particularly with reference to the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Asso- ciation which, despite its distinguished record of 59 years, is now in need of the strength of much larger membership. Not all cranberry growers are inclined to join any one co-op, even though it be national in scope ; many do not choose to .ioin any co-op, in fact. Cranberry clubs, splendid though they are, were designed primarily for growers of a localized area. Neither co-ops nor clubs have the all- embrasive qualification necessary to speak for the whole mass of the growers of a cranberry state. Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Associa- tion, for instance, was very important in the establishing of the Experiment Station at East Wareham in 1910; it has assisted in bringing about three surveys of the Massachusetts cranberry industry ; it has assisted in increasing the research staff at the station since ; it has assisted in bringing about three urveys of the Massachusetts cranberry industry; it has developed the frost warning service to growers ; it has fostered cranberry legislation. These are not all of its achievements and it has defi- nite plans for further future improvement. All these facts are set forth in notices sent out to some 1500 people in Massachu- setts interested in cranberry growing. The association at its spring meeting the 30th of this month, is planning a program of able and informative speakers and an ex- hibition of cranberry equipment which will undoubtedly interest every grower who attends. Activities such as this call for a membership of every Massachusetts grow- er in this "non-political", non-profit organ- ization. SPRING having officially arrived, the winter floods are going off the bogs and the curtain is rising upon another active cranberry season. This year has every promise of being an unusually active one. J CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM. MASSACHUSETTS Subscription $3.00 per year Advertising rates upon application Editor and Publisher CL.^RENCE J. HALL CORRESPONDENTS-ADVISORS Wisconsin VERNON GOLDSWORTHY Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin Washington-Oregon J. D. CROWLEY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. ETHEL M. KRANICK Bandon, Oregon Massachusetts DR. HENRY J. FRANKLIN Director Mass. State Cranberry Expeiinifnl Statji East Wareham, Mass. BERTRAM TOMLLMSON Barnstable County Agricultural Agctii Barnstable, Mass. New Jersey CHARLES A. DOEHLERT, Nuw Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station, Pemberton, New Jersey Growers everywhere have their minds s& upon the development and utilization o really successful picking machines; straigh wing planes zooming over bogs, in dustinji and spraying programs, will be joined (ii^ Massachusetts, at least) by the rotary winged helicopters. Interest in moderr mechanical equipment of all sorts wai never higher. Last year's extremely large and lucra- tive crop will spur bog improvements anc efforts to get all possible berries from cran berry properties. At this time prospects are not of the brightest for bumper crops in the East and Wisconsin because of wide reports of a poorer than normaj bud, but a moderata crop might mean favorable price continuance, even though generally lower prices for agricultural products are predicted. The battle to produce the 1947 crop is beginning. Twelve Pictorial Section JEAN NASH AT SUN VAT.LEY ThiHeen c