aDDDDDnDaDDDDDDDnDnDanDDDDDDDDDD D O D D D D D D D D D D D D D D a D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D '^£RS-V UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS LIBRARY DDDDDDDnnDDaDDnDDDDDDDDDaaDaaDDD t(v^v>^'. \i .;^^^>^. xt)^^ IVING A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY 4PE COD lEW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON CANADA ■fla.SSaCHUSrr MANUEL S. UUARTB, OWNS BOGS ON MARTHAS VINEYAKI) (CRANBERRIES Photo; 35 Cents MAY 1960 DIRECTORY For CRANBERRY GROWERS Worcester Paper Box Corporation MEDFORD, MASS. Td. MYstic 8-5305 Manufacturers of Folding Cartons and Displays WATER WHITE KEROSENE For use on Cranberry Bogs Also STODDARD SOLVENT Prompt Delivery Service Franconia Coal Co. — Inc. — Wareham, Mass. Tel. CY 5-0039 CRANBERRY GROWERS Choose and Use Niagara Dusts, Sprays and Dusters Niagara Chemical Division hood Machinery and Chemical Corporation Middleport, New York New England Plant and Warehous* Ayer, Mass. Tel. Spruce 2-2365 Wareham Savings Bank Falmouth Branch Welcome Savings Account Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent PHONE CYpress 5-3800 Kimball 8-3000 The National Bank of Wareham Conveniently located tor Cranberry Men Funds always available lor sound loans Complete Banking l^ervnce H The I iCHARI.ES W. HARRIS! I Company i I 26 Somerset Ave | I North Dighton, Mass. | I AMES I I Irrigation Systems | I Sprinklers | I I Ij Weed killers m = Insecticides = I Fungicides I I from B ^Cal. Spray Chemical Company 1 P Dupont Company B EQUIPMENT HAYDEN - SEPARATOR - WAREHAM. MASS. Irrigation Systems PUMPS SEPARATORS - BLOWERS SCREENHOUSE EQUIPMENT DARLINGTON PICKING MACHINES Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK ALFRED PAPPI At Screenhouses.. Bass aad Pumps Meaas Satislraetiea WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. CY 5-;iO00 SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES Member Fe«er&i Deposit ln»ujpattc« Ourp. KEEP INFORMED ON CRANBERRY NEWS THROUGH CRANBERRIES MAGAZINE Tank Truck Service & High - Pressure Spraying WATER WHITE KEROSENE STODDARD SOLVENT Koay5 COLEMAN HEATING AND AIR CONDITIONING Touraine Paints Hardware SANDVIK SCYTHES (ALSO CALLED FINNISH SCYTHES) CARVER SUPPLY CO. UNior-J 0-^400 Carver, Mass. APRIL SHOWERS BRING FORTH , MAYFLOWERS ELECTRICITY brings you tne best in service and convenience Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM - PLYMOUTH CYpress 5-0200 Pilgrim 6-1300 VOLTA OIL CO. Distributor oJ: the Famous TEXACO WATER WHITE KEROSENE For your Bog STODDORD SOLVENT Tei. Piig-nm (M840 Plymouth, Mass. rCle. 44 bamoset St. Attention Growers ! ! to. V our Spring weed control we offer water white kerosene GRADE A" 11 1 eiered trucks STODDARD SOLVENT SUPERIOR FUEL COMPANY W arenani . Mass- TeL CY 5-009ii I W. Hurley Co. • COAl • NEW EMjLAxNU COKE • FUEL OIL Water White - KEROSENE - For BOGS iMK'rKKKl) TKUCKSi 24-hour Fuel Oil Service lelephone CY 5-0024 i i 341 Main St. WAREHAM Meetings Of Growers Hear Plans for '59 C rop Indemnification First One in Massachusetts May 9, followed by Others in New Jersey and Wiscon- sin— Growers Will Receive Total of $10.34 in $10,000,- 000 Plan of USDA. Some oOO Massachusetts cran- berry growers from all sections of the cranberry growing areas attending the mass meeting to learn of the Government indemni- fication plan May yth evening at Wareham Town Hall were re- assured and were told the details. There was no controversy in a meeting lasting a little over an hour. Meeting was held under the auspices of the Cape Cod Cran- berry Growers' Association and County Extension Service. Gilbert T. Beaton, president of the asso- ciation, presided. Principal speaker was Norman G. Horsey, fruit and vegetable division of the United States De- partment of Agriculture, Wash- ington, who is director of the pro- gram for all the cranberry states with the exception of the West Coast for which Robert H. Eaton, of the Portland, Oregon, USDA office is director. Mr. Horsey began by saying that his mission was to try and ex- plain "how you can get some money from the indemnification program." Letters of explanation with application blanks had been sent out by the USDA to every known cranberry grower in the country from lists supplied by the Cranberry Institute. He explained the program was based on an order to reestablish the purchasing power of farmers, in this case cranberry growers, the action being taken under authority conferred by Section 32 of Public Law 320, this act having been passed by Congress in 1935. It is designed to help farmers only. Either the grower may file for payment, or the grower's agent, dealer or marketing cooperative CRANBERRY PICKING BOXES Shocks, or Nailed Let me repair your broken boxes — or repair them yourself. Stock Always on Hand F. H. COLE Tel. Union 6-3330 North Carver, Mass. through which the grower mar- kets his cranberries fresh or pro- cessed, may file. Cranberries produced in the 1959 crop must all be disposed of be- fore Nov. 1, 1960. Payment is to be in two sections. First invoices must be filed with the USDA not later than June 20 of this year and final invoices for final pay- ment on or before Nov. 15. First payment is to be one of $4. There was no mention as to when this payment will be re- ceived by the grower, but in the question and answer period, an answer by Ambrose E*. Stevens, general manager of Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. indicated it might be expected sometime in mid-June. It is intended for the growers to receive payments in the amount of the average for the past two years crops which has been fig- ured at .$10.34. Of this, the gov- ernment will pay up to a total of $8.02 as growers have already received some payments. Every effort is first to be made to dispose of cranberries through normal processes of trade, but if this is not possible, Mr. Horsey said the grower does not need to have the approval of the USDA for berry destruction. This destruc- tion, however, must be certified. Arrangements must be made with area USDA inspectors to be pres- ent during the destruction. There must be no chance that berries "destroyed" return in any way to marketing channels, he said. "We are sympathetic to the cause of cranberry growers," Mr. Horsey concluded. "We are at- tempting to cooperate with you in every way. We ask in return your complete cooperation." Opening the meeting was Orrin G. Colley, president of Cranberry Institute. He said the indemnity program announced by Ezra Taft Benson, secretary of the USDA, will be of tremendous help to the industry. He said it would not only help financially, but would help to restore the confidence of the consumer in cranberry pro- ducts. He said the method in which the amino-triazole matter had been handled in the first place was entirely uncalled for, and he hoped such damage could be avoided in the future. He also (Continued on Page 17) FOR PREFABRICATED FLUiVJES SEE RUSSELL A. TRUFANT HYDRAULIC CONSULTANT PREFABRICATED FLUMES BOG RAILROADS UNiON 63696 North Carver, Mass. Mass. Cranberry Station and Field Notes by J. RICHARD BEATTIE Extension Cranberry Specialist Personals A few personal items concern- ing our staff and a dear friend of the Station sieem in order. Mrs. Henry J. Franklin suffered a b'ald' fall in her home early in May and is confined to Tobey Hospital, Wareham, with a broken hip. This unfortunate accident will require a long and uncom- fortable confinement. Dr. Fred Chandler returned to his home in Marion May 15, for a period of recuperation following several weeks in the hos'pital. We understand that it will be some time before he can return to his work. Professor Stan Norton was hos- pitalized May 19 and it will be several weeks before he will be back on the job. Cards addressed to their home or a personal visit will be greatly appreciated during their convalescence. New Staff Member Viljo Heleen of Marion has re- cently joined the station staff as an assistant to Dr. Bert Zucker- man and will be devoting most of his time to the field of nematode resiearch. "Bill" has an excellent cranberry background and is ad- justing very rapidly to his new work. We welcome him to our staff. The tide appears to be gradually turning in favor of the cranberry industry. This observation is based on two major developments that occurred within the past month, plus a local situation worthy of comment. First was the million- case sale of cranberries at the retail level during the Easter period, which exceeded the sales of the comparable period in 1959. Second was the announcement of the details concerning the govern- ment's indemnification program to reimburse growers for a portion of their losses suffered through the unfortunate actions of Secre- tary Flemming last fall. Of local importance is the fact that no fi'ost Warnings have been released fi'om the Cranberry Section as of May 19 — we hesitate to mention this matter because the welcome respite from frost could change very rapidly. Not Good For Quality The weather pattern from April to mid-May has not strengthened the keeping quality forecast. Both temperatures and rainfall have been above normal which are not conducive to good quality. How- ever, conditions are still more favorable at this date (May 19) than they were during the past two years. The final forecast will be made early in .Tune. Timely Tips for May and mid-.Tune The following reminders are called to the growers' attention: (1.) Early spring pests will soon be making their appearance. The insect net is still the most effective method of locating weevils, false armyworms, blossom worms, span- worms, leafhoppers, and fireworms. Sparganothis fruitworm can be de- tected by carefully examining the webbed tips of loosestrife (mud weed). If the above pests are controlled in May and June, par- ticularly those that have a second brood, such as the weevils and fireworms, they seldom become a problem later in the season. (2.) May is a good month to treat brush, poison ivy, and bram- bles on the upland, using one of the brush killers. The low vola- tile ester of brush killers are reasonably safe for use on shores and uplands if greatly diluted — 1 part in 250 parts of water. Brush killers should not be used with oil on dikes and shores next to the bog at this time of year because of the damage to the turf. (3.) The combination of fuel oil and kerosene should not be used on "late water" bogs; in fact, some growers have used this com- bination too late this spring on "early water" bogs and have caused serious damage to the vines in some instances. Mid-May is about the deadline for such treat- ment. — J — Brewer & Lord INSURANCE 40 Broad Street, Boston, Mass. ARTHUR K. POPE HORACE H. SOULE CONVERSE HILL CHARLES M. CUTLER WILLIAM B. PLUMER EBEN A. THACHER ROBEiRT A. SULLIVAN HERBERT R. LANE EDWARD H. LEARNARD VINCENT M. WILSON JOHN B. OEOILL, JR. Serving the People of New England Since 1859 ^ (4.) Stoddard Solvent work fol- lowing "late water" should be completed within 5 days after the flood has been withdrawn and within 8 days if kerosene is to be used. Iron Sulfate (5.) The present status of iron sulfate can best be explained by quoting a notice sent to growers in mid-May: "On May 11, 1960, a letter was received at the Cran- berry Experiment Station from Dr. George P. Larrick, Commissioner of Food & Drugs, Washington, D. C, in reply to letter of Dr. C. E. Cross of March 31 regarding the use of iron sulfate (Ferrous Sulfate to control ferns, mosses and other weeds on cranberry bogs. A Good Flume Is Your Insurance For A Good Crop USE ALL HEART REDWOOD We have a good stock of All Heart Timbers 6x8 — 6x6 — 4x6 — 4x4 Planking- - Square Edged or Matched 2x6 — 2x8 — 2x10 — 2x12 LET US ESTIMATE YOUR FLUME AND BUILDING NEEDS E. W. Goodhue Lumber Co., luc. MIDDLEBORO ROAD EAST FREETOWN, MASS. C. & L. EQUIPMENT CO. 191 LEONARD STREET ACUSHNET, MASS. Cranberry Bog Service PRUNING FERTILIZING RAKING WEED TRIMMING Machinery Sales PRUNERS POWER WHEELBARROWS RAKES WEED TRIMMERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS - Large & Small For Further Information Call . , . F. P. CRANDON Rockwell 3-5526 C. J. TRIPP Wyman 4-4601 ^. C. LEONARD Wyman 3-4332 Mr. Larrick's letter states: "Our pharmacologists find that ferrous sulfate is safe for use as a pesti- cide chemical and that such use would involve no hazzard to health". Also on May 11, ferrous sulfate was added to the list of safe pesticide chemicals in the Federal Register. A petition for registration and label approval is being filed with the U.S.D.A. and favora'ble action is assured". (6.) A number of bogs examined this spring would benefit from an application of fertilizer, particu- larly where heavy crops were picked in the fall of '59, in areas where vine cover is thin, or where damage has occurred. Western Pickers Parts and Repairs Agent for 1960 Model ORDER NOW J. E. BRALEY & SON MACHINE SHOP 78 Gibbs Ave. Wareham, Mass. HAVE YOUR REPAIRS DONE NOW FOR BETTER PEST CONTROL Use these reliable GENERArCHEMICAL products: DDT Malathion Parathion Ferbam Zineb GENERAL CHEMICAL DIVISION 40 Rector Street, New York 6, N. Y. Issue of May 1960 - Vol. 25 No. 1 Published monthly at The* Courier Print Shop, Main St.. Wareham, Ms Second Class Postage Paid at Wareham, Ma sachusetts. Subscriptions $.3. .50 per year, iachusetts Post Office. FRESH FROM THE FIELDS Compiled by C. J. H. MASSACHUSETTS April a "Bitter" Month April, which was described as a rather "bitter" month for uncom- forta'ble weather went down in weather records as practically a normal month as far as tempera- tures go. Temperatures on the last day of the month had averaged a plus 36 for the month, or slightly more than one degree a day warmer than normal. How- ever, there had been a great deal of cold, chilly wind which did not make the days too comfortable. There were many gray days with a sunshine average of four percent below the normal. Sunshine is not an important factor in cran- berry growth in April. There was no snow. Real spring weather continued to be noticeably late, which was good for the frost sit- laation and held back vine develop- ment. No Frost Warnings • April of 1960 was rather unusual in that no frost warnings were isent out from Cranberry Experi- ;ment Station, as there are usually it least one or two during the I'atter part of the month. No frost njury was recorded to the bogs )n the Experiment Station frost ?hart. Rainfall Above Normal Rainfall was a little over normal vith 4.95 inches being recorded at >anberry Station, while normal i'or the month is 3.18 inches. There |vas measurable rain on 19 days jvith traces on two others. Most j'f this fell in the early part of I he month. There is considerable 'Og work being done this year, fnore than was at first expected. jt has spurted up with the an- nouncement of partial indemnifi- cation of last year's crop losses. There is, however, a great amount of bog being held under late water. OREGON Warm Spring Coos County cranberry growers experienced a couple of light frosts during the month of April. It is the considered opinion of several growers that there was no dam- age. Some of the growers kept their sprinkler systems going- through those particular nights, though. Most of the weather this spring has been warm. It has been too wet to oo much spraying due to the almost con- tinuous light rainfall this spring. Jack Dean and Bob Martin are re!ported to have just completed planting nine acres of new bog. Mr. and Mrs. Arthur Randall, pioneer cranberry growers in the Bandon area, who have retired from the business, are reported to be enjoying touring Arizona in their new 18' trailer home. Mrs. Randell (Mae) is an ex-director of the National Cranberry Associ- ation. WISCONSIN April Changeable April lived up to its reputation of changeable weather. The first of the month and the very last day brought freezing temperatures. In between, the temperatures varied from normal to much above nor- mal. Several days of over eighty degrees s-tarted foliage developing R. F. MORSE & SON West Wareham, Mass.. Tel. CY 5-1553 Cranberry Growers Agent For Eastern States Farmers' Exchange Insecticides - Fertilizers - Fungicides Bog Service and Supplies Agent for Wiggins Airways Helicopter Spray and Dust Service DEPENDABLE ECONOMICAL SERVICE on most trees and shrubs the third week of the month. Wet snow fell on the last day of April in the eastern half of the state. The overall averages showed 1 to 2 degrees above normal in the north, 2 to 3 degrees in the central and 2 to 4 degrees in the south. Precipitation was from one to two inches above normal, so the month could be called warm and wet. The wet weather was pre- venting farm work from being- accomplished and at the end of ■the month the farmers of the state felt they were two weeks behind in their spring work. Road condi- tions on side and secondary I'oads were reported the worst in years. This was especially true on the heavier soils which had deep frost which resulted from a lack of snow cover and very wet surface soil from last falls heavy rains. Road bans were placed the middle of A'pril and were expected to be on for at least a month. The very heavy rainfall in extreme northern Wisconsin missed the cranberry area. The worst flood since 1909 struck this area as a result of 7 to 8 inches of rain in a twenty four hour period. The outlook for May is for normal temperatures and above normal rainfall. Most Marshes Pulled Most of the marshes pulled their winter floods about April 15th, which is normal for the state. Overall the vines appear to have come through the winter in good shape. A few areas have been found where leaf di*op occured and also some evidence of vines actually freezing last fall prior to the application of the winter flood. This condition probably resulted SHARON BOX COMPANY, INC. ESTABLISHED 1856 SHARON, MASSACHUSETTS We Will Buy Your White Pine Logs, Either Standing or Cut • Highest Prices Paid • Sawmill located at North Carver, Mass. Stop in at North Carver, or Phone Sharon, Sunset 4-2021 Hold full flavor in your cranberry pack •♦..>' CORN PRODUCTS COMPANY Manufacturers of fine products for the food industry . . . and popular Best Foods Division grocery brands for the consumer. from the severe sudden drop in temperature on Nov. 16 and vines which were harvested late, fertil- ized late or had the water held up on the surface for several days following harvest had considerable freezing of the new leaves. Overall it appears that this damage is not too widespread as most marshes flooded during this first cold Artie outbreak or had drained the marsh down following harvest allowing the vines to go dormant in Octob- er. Bud Down, But Good Budding aplpears to be down overall about 5 percent from last year. There is still a good bud though and Wisconsin should pro- duce a crop of above average size, but down from last years record breaker. These bud counts were made from vine samples taken last fall and counted this winter. 125 - 150 New Acres Marsh work has been somewhat limited due to the wet season. Some marshes were able to get their fertilizer on following the winter flood removal. Most of the work to date has been ditch cleaning, bulkhead repair and dyke hauling. Much more marsh work will be done now in view of the indemnification. This is especial- ly true for the use of solvent. Some new planting is going in with an estimated 125 to 150 acres being planted. Most of the planting will be to Searles with pure McFarlins being second. Practically all the planting will be done mechanically with most marshes using the barrel type planter. Young vines and sand marshes started to show some vine activity following the very warm temp- eratures the third week of the month. By the end of the month marshes in the south were in the white bud stage and reflows were being applied on most marshes in order to pull the remaining frost out of the beds and hold vine activity down. NEW JERSEY April Warm The month of April was rather warm in New Jersey. The average (Continued on Page 18) Manuel S. Duarte Owns Only Bogs On Marthas Vineyard Island These Properties Have Interesting History, Mr. Duarte a Man of Many and Varied Interests by Clarence J. Hall There is always a fascination about an island — and also about a cranberry bog on an island. A few island bogs come easily to mind, there are not many, those on Long Island, N. Y., Nantucket, Mass- achusetts, Nova Scotia, Vancouver Island in British Columbia on the West Coast. The bogs with which this article is concerned are those on Marthas Vineyard, across Vineyard Sound from Cape Cod. These are operated as the Martha's Vineyard Cranberry Company, or Duarte's Bogs, the owner being Manuel S. Duarte of Vineyard Haven. Martha's Vineyard is a big is- only is Mr. Duarte the only cran- land, more than 100 square miles berry grower on Martha's Vine- in extent, some 22 miles long by 8 miles wide. It is an island early kniotWTi, and has been designated •by a long list of names. The In- dians called it Noe-Pe, meaning "island in the stream". It was believed to have been called Strau- met from an early vioyage by Tboi"finn Karlesfin, in approximate- ly 1005, this meaning an island around where there are strong currents. Luisa, was another, so named in Italian by Giovonni, an Italian navigator believed to have landed there in 1542. Later Mar- tin's Vineyard or Martha's Vine- yard from a voyage of Bartholo- mew Gosnold in 1602. Other names were La Soupconnuse, so designated by Samuel Chamber- lain in 1606; Trexel, named by Black and Christiansen in 1614 in honor of a Netherland island, and, finally Isle of Chapapawick, by Capt. Thomas Dermer in 1619. But the Gosnold name of Martha's Vineyard was the one that stuck. A sense of "Getting Away'* The famed Vineyard is only three-quarters of an hour by ferry from the mainland, but when the boat pulls out of Woods Hole, you feel a sense of getting away; you turn your back to the land and come to the Vineyard, a complete, self-sufficient body of land. Once there were a number of cranberry bogs on this island — ^many seem to have been built, as on Cape Cod, by sea captains, after retiring from the sea. Today there are left only the Duarte bogs, two in number. Not yard, but in the whole of Duke's County, which is made up of the Vineyard and the Elizabeth Islands, a chain of small islands extending toward Falmouth on the Cape. There are other cran- berries still picked on the island, but not from individually owned and operated bogs. At Gay Head, formerly an Indian resei-vation, on the extreme w^estern end, there are lands held in common, and on these, close to the sea, wild cran- berries grow and are still picked annually on a certain prescribed day, the berries belonging to all who harvest them. The Duarte bogs ai-e in two pieces, one is in the village of Vineyard Haven, 8 acres, and the so-called Company bog in West Tisbury, formerly of 25 acres, now with 15 in production. These are very old bogs, just how old is not certain, but probably in the vicin- ity of 100 years. Both are located in the Lambert's Cove region and are close together, also very close to the salt water of Vineyard Haven harbor. It was at Lam- bert's Cove that Gosnold, first Englishman to tread the soil of present New England, found trees and ground covered vdth wild grapes, and so named the island after his first-bom daughter, Martha. Mr. Duarte, who lives at Vine- yard Haven first bought the Long bog, so-called after its builder, John Long from Eben Bodfish about a dozen years ago. Ten years ago he bought the Company bog from a friend of his. Ener- getic Mr. Duarte is a man with more than one interest. At Vine- HELICOPTER PEST CONTROL iqqms ^irwatts t I NORWOOD. MASS. I DUSTING and SPRAYING RAY MORSE, Agent TEL. CY 5-3928 Seven KILL ALL MAJOR CRANBERRY INSECTS WITH MALATHION Mulatliion helps ijoii avoid residue problems offers safety in use Six seasons of use have proved malathion's superiority as a cranberry insecticide. Early spraying or dusting with mal- athion protects the new crop against damage from black and yellow-headed fireworms, false armyworms, blossom worms, tip worms, cutworms and blunt- nosed leafhoppers. Later in the season, malathion controls the highly destructive fruitworm. Offers safety in use Malathion is a phosphate insec- ticide with Unv toxicity to man and animals. Its wide safety margin makes it ideal for air application . . . especially in and around populated areas. Avoid residue problems Malathion's fast-disappearing residues allow application on cranberries up to 72 hours be- fore harvest. Residues will be well below the limits established by law. Compatible with other chemicals Malathion is compatible with most fungicides and other insec- ticides . . . another reason why so many growers are making it the basic insecticide in their spray schedules. American Cyanamid Company, Agricul- tural Division, New York 20, N.Y. t ■photo rotn-tf^sif oj ihf i\(ttn>ii(il ( niiibfrnj Assocxttior/ CYANAMID SERVES THE MAN WHO MAKES A BUSINESS OF AGRICULTURE MALATHION INSECTICIDES Mr. and Mrs. Manuel S. Duarte yard Haven he is in the oil busi- ness, owning Island Oil Co., Inc., and Martha's Vinevard Gas. Co, Inc., and sells Socony oil and Py- rofax gas for home cooking- and electrical and gas appliances. He has a store in Oak Bluffs on the island and another oil and gas business in Falmouth on the main- land. He is also engaged in real estate. Duarte Village At Vineyard Haven, he has a unique development v^rhich a sign proclaims as "Duarte Village." (CR,ANt5ERRiES Fhoto) This is a collection of apartments, summer houses, business enter- prises to whom he rents space. It backs on beautiful Lagoon Lake and is on the much travelled S'hore Road to Oak Bluffs and Edgar- town. Here he has collected ancient wag'ons, a buggy and a great deal of old fashioned farm equipment, much of it unknov\rn to people of today. The collection includes the wagons, a corn sheller, double ploughs, cider press, ditch har- rows, a "hill" mowing machine plough, potato hiller, stone drag and hay rack. These were gath- ered from all over the island and many people, adults and children alike, stop to look and ask ques- tions. You'll never know what a field can yield until you use You won't ever know what your fields can yield until you try the remarkable premium ferti- lizer. Rainbow Plant Food. Rainbow is several cuts above anything you've ever used be- fore . . . tailored for our local soUs and crops, and scientifi- cally designed to feed crops all season long. Put Rainbow on your own soil this year. See how much more a field can yield . . . when fertilized with Rainbow Premi- um Plant Food. Call us for full details. DIELDRIN WITH RAINBOW Control Insect! Added to RAINBOW as an acid in the control of Root Grubs - Wireworm - White Grubs - DIELDRIN. For convenience and economy fertilize and destroy insects in one operation. Ask Your Local Dealer INTERNATIONAL MINERALS & CHEMICAL CORP. WOBURN, MASS. This is a view of picturesque "Duarte Village' Bought When Berries Were High Bog have Mr. Duai-te says he bought the Long Bog because his friend, Mr. Bodfish, was "a good talker," but at the time he was acquiring his hog^, berries were selling at the inflated prices of $30 and $32 a barrel. So he says, he said to himself, "What am I bothering selling oil for?" He did rather expansive renovation work on the Company bog, ripping out sections and replanting. iBoth bogs are set to McFarlin.s and Early Blacks, mostly Blacks. A few years ago Duarte won sec- ond prize with a McFarlin, foi- beny size, at an NCA Cranberry Harvest Festival. Althoug-h com- ing in at top prices, Mr. Duarte saw the price picture slump as did all growers, with little coming in and much costly work whiclh should have been done. Today, as are many growers on the mainland, he is faced with a considerable grass and weed problem, especially grass. He plans an intensive kerosene pro' gram, to get rid of the grasses. Average Amount 400 Barrels The Company and also the Long been good producers. The Company bog has borne crops up to 1100 barrels. In 1958, he picked 550 barrels from both bogs, but his average has been about 400 ban-els. One advantage about an island cranberry property suoh as that of Duarte's is that he has less frost problems than on the m^ain- land. He can start picking later, giving his fruit chance to fully ma- ture. He usually starts not until the middle of September. As he is especially near salt water, he does not bother with spring frosts at all. He feels he has never been damaged by frost. There is frost in October, but he is usually pick- ed by then. Few Frosts If he expects frost in the fall he fills his ditches and this gives sufficient "steam" for protection. Both bogs are flooded by grav- ity from ponds so there is no problem in either frost or winter coverage. He owns the small ponds. Around the bogs are good sand pits with good bog sand. At the Long Bog there is a small (CRANBERRIES Photo) screenhouse with separator equip- ment. When he first owned the properties he did his own packing. He sold to commission merchants in New York. Sells Through Ocean Spray Then he came to find that with rising costs and diff"iculty to find help this did not pay. In 1950 he joined the then NCA, now Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. He sends his fruit in half-barrel boxes, via a big 10-wheeler tractor truck, holding 108 barrels, across to the mainland by ferry and then to a screening point of the cooperative, at Onset, Mass. At the Company bog there is a large building, which was foi-merly known as "the Roundhouse" and was used for hauling in boats at Vineyard Haven. It is octagonal in shape, or one end of it is. Many years ago this was moved to the bog. Here he stores his equip- ment, the usual assortment, spray-: er, tiller, wheelban'ows, etc. At this bog he has a house which he rents and also an apartment. iMr. Duarte went into blueberry gi'owing, here, too, buying 165, Ten Helping Cranberries Grow Better ORTHO offers a crop protection program tailor-made for your area Your ORTHO Fieldman knows the particular of research, and all the scientific experience that problems of your area wherever you farm. When makes ORTHO America's number one line of you buy the ORTHO program you get the bene- agricultural chemicals, fit of this technical field sei-vice, a half century There are ORTHO offices to serve you in the Nation's Cranberry growing areas Massachusetts New Jersey Wisconsin Washington Oregon Springfield Haddonfield Janesville Yakima Portland Hudson Moorestown Sturgeon Bay Seattle Canbury Walla Walla Wenatchee ORTHO California Spray - Chemical Corp. A SUBSmrARY OF CALIFORNIA CHEMICAL COMPANY RICHMOND CALIF.; WASHINGTON D. C. Eleven -^-^^' "Mike" Gonsalves has worked on plants from "Joe" Kelley of East Wareham, and he says these pro- duce very well. Uses Western Pickers It used to be all scooping- at the bogs, but today he has a West- em, and wishes he had another. He also scoops, recruiting some 10 or 12 workers locally, men and women. Incidentally, in this "Round- house" bog- building, which is built into the side of a hill, there is a large section sealed off with cement and stone, and under- ground. Here in old days berries were held late, sometimes even into March, Duarte understands, when the crop was sound and the market right. There was no arti- ficial refrigeration then. It was cool enougih. Bog Owned By Sea Captain This bog was apparently origin- ally built by a Captain Ben C. Cromiwell, a deep sea skipper. the bogs for 66 years. (CRANBERRIES E»hoto) Then later came a Captain Press Swift and a Captain Prentiss Bod- fish. A Captain Charles Clough, a whaling captain had a bog close by. Albert 0. Fisher, now 84, worked on the Company bogs as a youth (foreman) for several years, re- ceiving S30 a month, and as he says, there was no overtime for any extra work, if he had to watch for a frost. He recalls one method cf paying the pickers which seems rather unique. Instead of keeping- tally, or issuing "tickets" for each six-quart measure picked, the picker was given a dime in cash as he brought the measure ashore and dumped it. Marshall Norton, now 94, of Vineyard Haven believed to be the oldest man on the island, and who holds the distinction of having been selectman in two of the island's six towns, recalls the bog when he was very young, and he made bar- rels for shipping ci-anbeiTies ai hauled them filled with cranbe ries to the steamboat to be shi ped to market. Today's foreman for Mr. Duar is "Mike'' Gonsalves, a year-rou) employe. Mike is 79 years ol; vigorous and with scarcely a g; hair. He says there is no room served for him in Heaven for years more — that is, he is goi to live to be a hundred. Mike h worked on the bogs for 66 yeai He has witnessed the enti cycle of cranberry hai-vest. Fi there was only hand picking, th snaps, along came the scoop a now it is mechanical. It is M who gets the present harvest he Like Map Of Italy The Company bog in an acr view is s/haped remarkr.bly 1 a map of Italy, in the form of boot. At the Long bog, Mike Gc salves maintains a garden cf cc siderable size. At one time I^ Duarte conducted a piggery the having as many as 150 cf I animals. Mr. Duarte actually has a lonj. association with cranberries th his purchase of bogs. When father, Joseph Duarte and young bride cr.me Iv^m F?.y ■■ land in the Azores in 13^6. lived in a house at the Long B (since burned do^vn) and worl- on the pixjperty. Mr. Duart brother was born there. Mr. Duarte Mr. Duarte himself was born Oak BluTs, attended schools thi and was graduated from Oak Bl High School, class of 1924. and his vdfe, Emelia, have f( children, Helen, 16; Paula, 20; I vid, 18; and James, 11. He is amember of the Ll< Club of Martha's Vineyard, • Knights of Columbus, Falmou the Holy Name Society and John's Holy Ghost Society, is a charter member of the Lo; Order of Moose and is a meml of and past sachem of the Redm He is a member of the Cape C CranbeiTy Growers' Associat and of Ocean Spray Ci-anberri Inc and the Martha's Viney; Co-op. Dairy. He says he has particular hobby, but is much Twelve terested in Boy Scout work on the island. Mrs. Duarte is interested in Girl Scouting and was a Girl Scout commissioner for the island. She also is intensly interested in cerajmics, with a large workshop in their home basement. Mr. Duarte is an enthusiastic helper in the multitude of objects she designs, paints, fires and turns out. She finds a ready market for these island-made objects. Is "Bog Inventive" (Like many cranberry growers, Mr. Duarte is "bog inventive''. He Ihas two Crosley chassises with en- gines. He plans to make these in- to one vehicle. It could be used for sanding and for carrying off berries. His twist to this problem is to make a "bog buggy" of six wheels, with an extra drive shaft to the foremost two. He plans to have these able to raise up, and so the vehicle can jump ditches, without the use of planking. 14th ANNUAL BANDON FESTIVAL IS SET A full slate of princesses has been nominated for the court of the 1960 Bandon (Oregon) Cran- berry Festival. This report was made recently at a meeting of the reorganized Bandon Cranberry Festival Association which has re- lieved the Bandon Lions Club from its sole responsibility for the an- 1 ual feature. Dates for the 14th annual festi- val are September 23-24-25. Jim Olson, well knowTi cranberry grow- er, is chaiiTnan of the new Festi- val Association. L. A. Belchlein, one of the Ban- don Chamber of Commerce dele- gates to the festival was elected assistant chairman. Work on the major events of the festival are being delegated with certain groups in charge. FLOWABLE PARATHION 400 insecticide is ideal for use on cranberries. It is a modern formulation of parathion ... a water-base emulsion offering all the advantages of parathion with these additional benefits: Improved convenience and less hazard in handling, plus greater safety to plants than emulsifiable concentrates. It contains no solvents or oils, can be used in all types of sprayers, and is compatiblewith a widerangeof insecticides and fungicides. PHALTAr 50 WETTABLE fungicide gives outstanding control of cranberry fruit rots. Bogs sprayed with Phaltan have consistently yielded high quality berries with good color and size. It should first be used when 5% of blossoms are open, and again, 10 to 14 days later when 50% to 75% of blossoms are open. It should not be applied after blossoms have fallen and young berries are expcjsed. See your dealer for further information. Stauffer Chemical Company, 380 MadisOa Avenue, New York 17, New York. SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES Thirteej) FRESH FRUIT QUALITY STUDIES — 1959 by J. Richard Beattie, Project Leader, and Irving E Demoran- ville, Cranberry Experiment Station, East Wareham, Mass. primarily with what happens to the fruit after it is screened, packaged, and displayed in stores, which is in contrast to a study repoi-ted by Dr. Bert Zuckerman in the Febru- ary issue of Cranberries Magazine which dealt in part with the ef- fect of fungicides in controlling field and storage rot*. The ef- fectiveness of fungicides in reduc- ing field and storage rot was noted during the study and infor- mation oibtained compared favor- ably with Dr. Zuckermian's re- sults. The term quality used in this work refers to the soundness or shelf life of cranberi-ies as measured by their freedom from insect, disease, frost, and me- chanical damage. Methods An early-wiater 'Early Black" section and a late-water "Howes'" section at the State Bog were se- lected for this study in view of their past history of producing weak fruit. This characteristic was desirable if we were to demonstrate '^'Craniberries, Vol. 24, No. 10, pages 11 and 12 Feb. 1P60. The disaster suffered by the cran- berry industry as a result of Sec- retary Flemming's ill-advised and unwan-anted remarks of Novem- ber 9, 1959, and his refusal to clear its good name, continues to be a fioistrating experience. Over- whelming evidence clearly justifies a positive and foi-thrig'ht statment from his office that would give the cranben-y industry a "clean bill of health", but to date (May 6) no such statement has been re- leased. As a matter of fact, his office continues to remind the pub- lic of the cr^anberry scare and justifies his unprecedented actions on the 'basis of protecting the public's health. If this was his only motive, why weren't other agricultural products recently in the news given the same treat- ment? This question has not been satisfactorily answered. The reason for referring to the cranberry fiasco in this article is to point out the fact that along with its other depressing elements, it definitely dampened the interest in quality control programs. How- ever, the recent White House an- nouncement approving an indemni- fication program for gi-owers has given the industry considerable en- couragement. It is believed that the interest generated in quality con- trol programs over the last sevei-al years will be renewed as markets improve and growers receive a reasonalble return for their ber- ries. Our fresh fruit investigations began in 1955, and each year a special project has been planned, completed and reported in Cran- berries Magazine. The 1959 study followed rather closely the pro- cedure developed in 1958. There were two main objectives, (1) to determine the effect of fungicides (zineb and phaltan) on the keeping quality or "shelf life" of cran- berries at the retail level, and (2) to compare cellophane with poly- ethylene as packaging films for cranberries. It should be noted that these investigations dealt Fourteen the value of fungicides in extend-| ing the shelf life of fresh cran- berries. Each section was dividec into thirds — one area was treatec twice with zineb, another was treated twice with phaltan, am the third was left untreated. Th« fungicides were applied art; tih( proper time, using the station's low-gallonage spray rig. A simila: area was selected in 1958,, bu for some unexplained reason fiek and storage rots were not com mon that year which made it dif ficult to assay the value of fungi cides as a means of extending th< shelf life of fresh cranberries. Ii 1959, however, field rots were com mon in the area selected for stud; and the value of fungicides in re ducing field rots at harvest an during storage were well demor stated, along with major objectiv of determining the effect of sue treatments on the shelf life ( fresh fruit. Five test lots, each consistin of equivalent of 7 cases of Earl Blacks and 5 cases of Howes, wer screened at the station and the transported to the Ocean Spra Cranberry Plant in Onset whei the berries were packaged in celk phan and polyethylene and place in master cartons. The first 1( LIBERTY SiOP DUSTS For Aircraft Application are available on the Cape from R. C. MOSSMAN Horticultural Sales 30 SoMth Main Street West Bridgewater, Massachusetts Tel. JUniper 3-9112 representing The HUBBARD-HALL CHEMICAL CO. General Offices: Waterbury, Conn. For higher yields and cleaner cranberries Control fruit rots with one of tliese effective Du Pont fungicides FERMATE ferbam fungicide (R) PARZATE zineb fungicide (R) MANZATE maneb fungicide (R) ZERLATE ziram fungicide Now Du Pont offers four highly effective fungicides for control of fungus diseases in cranberries. "Fermate", Manzate", "Parzate" or "Zerlate" all are outstanding for the control of fruit rots on the vines and reduction of rot while in storage. These fungicides may be applied by conventional or concentrated sprayers and are tough on rot, but mild on the plants. "Manzate" is outstanding also for control of twig blight of cranberries in Washington and Oregon. See your dealer for full information and your supply of "Fermate' , "Manzate", "Parzate" or "Zerlate". Get greater yields and higher quality in your cranberries by stopping fruit rots now. On all chemicals, follow label instructions and warnings carefully B RES.U.S.PAT.OFfi E. K du Ponte de Nemours & Co. (Inc.) Industrial and Biochemicals Department Wilmington 98, Delaware Better Things for Better Living . Through Chemistry was screened Sejitember 30 and the final lot December 16. The Early Black test lot included a minimum of 2 cases eacih of ber- ries treated with zineb and phal- tan, and an untreated check, with half of each lot packaged in cello- phane and polyethylene. The same procedure was used with Howes, except that the fungicide treat- ment was confined to phaltan and the ben-ies were from a "late- water" section. The excellent co- opration of Robert Pierce and his staff wlho assisted in the packag- ing operation is g-ratefully acknowl- eged. All berries were delivered with- in a day to a local store and fhe Station where they were displayed on " refrigerated racks. Permission was obtained to service tlie store display, collect weekly samples, and secure information on mov- ment. Records of movement made this past fall and early winter, in the small, family-owned store co- operating with this study, showed that they sold slightly less than one-half a case of fresh cranberries per week. However, it was en- couraging tihat in spite of the cranberry situation the movement in this particular store was better than during the same period in 1958. Results - 1959 Five lots of cranberries were screened and packaged during the season (3 Early Blacks, 2 Howes). From each lot a minimum of one- pound packages of berries were analysed immediately after pack- ing, these constituted the packing house samples. There were a total of 58 of these samples analysed with an average of 4.5 percent unusable berries per sample. A total of 377 retail samiples were analysed during the period from October 9, 1959, to January 15, 1960. Of these, 257 samples were Early Blacks and 120 were Howes. The average percent un usable berries per retail sample was 12.8. This figure includes all samples regardless of variety or treatment. However, the Howes samples showed unusally good keeping quality averaging only 5.9 percent unusable berries per re- tail sample. In comparing the two packaging materials, the figures show that there was very little difference between cellophane and polyethy- lene in average percent of unus- able berries for celeophane and 17.0 percent for polyethylene. Howe samples also showed this slight advantage to cellophane over polyethylene, averaging 5.7 per- cent and 6.0 percent unusable ber- ries per sample respectively. The effect of fungicide treat- ments is shown in Table 1. The figures for Early Blacks show that the phaltan treatment result- ed in a slightly smaller percentage of unusable berries per sample than Early Blacks. A comparison of the two pack aging materials, as well as treat- ment or non-treatment with fungi- cide, is shown in Table II. The fig- ures for Early Blacks shew that there was less thian one percent difference in average percent of unusable berries with the phaltan and zineb treatments between the two packaging materials. The samples that were not treated with fungicides (check) showed a 2 per- cent difference in favor of tht' cellophane packages. The Howes samples show a very slight dif- ference between the packaging' materials, both in favor of the' cellophane for the fungicide treat-' ed and untreated samples. In all' cases the average weig'ht per sam , pie was slightly more and the aver- age cup count per sample slightly smaller in favor of the polyethy- lene packages. Table III shows the average per- cent of unusable berries per sample for each variety, in relation to the length of time that the berries were on display. All samples were held under refrigeration. There were a few otner intei esting points of information found in this years study. (1) 90 pei cent of all unusable berries were due to fruit rots. (2) T!he average weight loss per sample was great- est the first week on display, with the beiTies in polyethylene pack- ages averagingl/3-1/2 the loss TABLE I Av. Wt. % Variety Treatment No. (gm.) C.C. Unusable Early Phaltan 82 469.4 120.0 14.9 Blacks Zineb 77 466.7 119.5 16.5 Check 80 470.6 124.2 18.7 Howes Phaltan 60 474.5 97.8 3.4 iCheck 60 469.4 94.2 8.3 TABLE II Av. Wt. % Variety Treatment Phaltan No. (gm.) C.C. Unusable cello 36 461.9 121.8 15.3 poly 46 474.6 118.7 14.6 Early Blacks Zineb cello 34 459.8 119.6 16.0 poly 43 471.6 119.4 16.8 Check cello 34 463.6 127.7 17.6 poly 46 475.2 122.0 19.5 Phaltan cello 24 469.0 98.8 3.3 poly 36 478.2 97.1 3.4 Howes Check cello 24 466.2 95.4 8.1 poly 36 471.6 93.4 8.5 TABLE III Early Black 5 How es No. Weeks No. % No. ^V on Display Samples Unusable Sampl BS Unusable 1 48 7.3 24 3.1 2 53 9.1 24 3.9 3 52 11.4 24 6.1 4 36 14.3 16 7.6 those in cellophane. Cellophane 'ckages averaged about 1/5 ounce 's in weight per week. (3) Fun- ;ide treatments were most ef- ictive in oonitrolling field rot. In s study, phaltan reduced field , in Early Blacks by 62 percent i zineb by 43 percent. irketing Trips and Observations Pwo trips were made to Cincin- ti and Detroit to secure addition- information on the shelf life of '.sh fruit as well as movement, ail prices and observations of i trtade. By coincidence, the 3t trip to Cincinnati wais mlade November 9. Plans had to be ered to meet the crisis. Every ort was made to inform the de and consumers of the purity 1 wbolesomeness of cranberries. /ervi&ws were held with the jsis, radio and TV for this ex- J!ss purpose. It was apparent jtt the terminal market repre- jitatives and the trade in general !re sihocked and stunned by the j>recedenfted cranberry dilemna 1 were concerned that it might i>pen to other food products, ile the greater portion of the e was spent in the field of ilic relations, samples of cran- ries were collected in the above es at the terminal and retail jls. Examination of these sam- 3 showed a range of unusable it from 2 to 45 percent, or an rage of about 11 percent — slight increase over the 1958 iy. It was apparent that the ie was anticipating an excellent day movement, based on busi- 5 prior to November 9, but the re completely disturbed their IS. second trip to the above cities made in early December in ir to complete the study, de- nine the effect of Secretary Iniming's actions on movement, ! learn of the trade reactions to I unfortunate situation. Aigain, 'liderable time was spent in the ■ I of puiblic relations. However, ■:ples of cranberries (primarily 'fes) were oolleoted, examined I showed a range of from 3 to 1; percent unusable fruit, or an 'I'age of 13 percent-somewhat f than in 1958. Approximately 'percent of all fresh fruit at the store level had the new ap- proved labels, while 90 percent of the fruit in the terminal markets had these labels. Sales at Thanks- giving time were down nearly 70 percent in the above cities, ac- cording to the ti'ade. Probably the most significant observation made by those handling cranberry pro- ducts was their firm belief that a traditional holiday item such as cranberries will not be easily re- placed by substitute food items on on the holiday menu. Summary There was very little difference between cellophane and polyethy- lene as packaging materials for cranberries, based on this shelf- life study. The cellophane samples showed a slight reduction in the percentage of unusable berries, while polyethylene reduced slightly the amount of weight lost per sam- ple. Fungicide treatments reduced losses in the Early Blacks 10-20 percent in retail samples. Howes showed a much better response. Fungicide treatments were more valuable in reducing field rot than in reducing breakdown in the re- tail packages. A traditional holiday item such as cranberries will not be easily replaced by substitute food items on the holiday menu, according to trade observations. CROP INDEMNITY (Continued from Page 2) hoped the Department of Public Health, Welfare and Education and the USD A could work together to establish healthful standards of use of chemicals. He said he had received wires from both Senator Saltonstall and Congressman Hastings Keith, who had been very helpful in putting over the program, saying they regretted previous engagements prevented their attendance. Also, he said Joseph 0. Parker, attorney for the Cranberry Institute, was unable to be present. He char- acterized his work for the grow- ers as "terrific." "We have come a long way since this matter broke, and we have a long way to go," Mr. Colley said, "but by working together I can foresee a bright future for the cranberry industry." Marcus M. Urann, secretary and treasurer of the Institute, said nothing could have been done without the help of people in the USDA. He said the work of the Cranberry Institute had made possible this brighter horizon for the cranberry growers. He said Mr. Benson was a man of great intelligence and great integrity. He also paid tribute to the work of Attorney Parker. He said credit was due to a !i!iiiHini«iiiiaiiiiaiiiiH later Progress at Vancouver L»r. Charles C. Doughty, super- indendent of the Washmgton Cranberry-Blueberry Station visit- ed the bog's at Vancouver durmg the lattei- part of April, and found that good progress was being made m getting firmly established. The bogs which he saw had a very nice crop coming along. There are some fertilizer and nutrition prob- lems which will have to be worked out. They have the able help of Gordon Thorte of the British Col- umbia Department of Agriculture. Production in 1959 was just a few barrels less than 1.000. Most of these berries were produced on young vines that have not yet come into peak production. Vines were planted last spring and more are to be set out this cuiTent season. He found insect and dis- ease problems somewhat similiar to those along the coast in Wash- ington. Mr. Doughty said that he believed in a few years British Columbia production will surpass the Long Beach area. READ CRANBERRIES WISCONSIN HEADQUARTERS FOR INSECTICIDES - FUNGICIDES HERBICIDES DUSTS - WETTABLE POWDERS - EMULSIONS Parathion — Malathion Ferb am — Dowpon Liquid and Granular Weed and Brush Killers Hopkins Agricultural Chemical Co. P.O. BOX 584 MADISON, WIS. Phone Alpine 7-1019 HUME PRODUCTS CORPORATION • DEGRASSERS • DRYERS • CONVEYORS Designers and manufacturers of machinery for the cranberry industry SERVICES AVAILABLE TO WISCONSIN GROWERS: Steel stock from our warehouse Engineering services Complete machine shop service 1!^ For information, write: HUME PRODUCTS CORPORATION Eagle River, Wisconsin Twenty SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS FOR SALE SEARLES JUMBO HOWES, McFARLIN Viaes for delivery in 1960 $125.00 Ton F.O.B. 'Sf.'^mb^'^.^^^«Si!x.^^;^j^K«^ >«4 '''imMiyi^'^^mimMsm':^ INTERESTED IN PURCHASING WISCONSIN CRANBERRY PROPERTIES Vernon Goldsworthy B.S. & Ivf.S. University of Wisconsin Cranberry Consultant Fees Reasonable EAGLE RIVER WISCONSIN )ANA MACHINE & SUPPLY Co. Wis. Rapids Wis. MFGS. &h I SPRAY BOOMS ' GRASS CLIPPERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS (Jetsinger Retracto testli 3ickers Dryers I DISTR. of: I VBE BELTS & PULLEYS I ROLLER CHAINS SPROCKETS & BEARINGS j CONVEYOR BELTING STEEL Your Foreman Deserves A Subscription to Cranberries; too OUR PRODUCTS Cranberry-Pineapple Preservi b' trained Cranberry iiauce \\ hole Cranberry Sauce bpiced Cransweets C rdns^v eels Diced Cransweets ( ranberry Apple Sauce Cranberry Chilli Sauce Cranberry Orange Relish Cran-Vari Cran-Beri Cranberry Puree Cran-Puri Cran-Bake Cranberry-Strawberry Preserve Cranberry -Raspberry Preserve Cranberry -Cherry Preserve Cranberry -Rhubarb Preserve Sliced and Whole Maraschino Cranberries Cranberry Products, Inc. EAGLE RIVER. WISCONSIN WISCONSIN CRANBERRY GROWERS are using more Signature Fertilizer year after year • Pelletized • Homogeneous • D Listless • Free-Flowing • 50 lb. Bags E. RAUH & SONS FERTILIZER CO. Indianapolis & Plymouth, Ind. CORRUGATED CULVERT PIPE and FLOW GATES Felker Bros. Mfg. Co. MARSHFIELD WISCONSIN Phone 230 - 231 YOU Are reading chis ad Others will read yours m CRANBERRIES Magazine To Our MANY FRIENDS IN GOVERNMENT Both FEDERAL AND STATE To MEMBERS OF OUR INDUSTRY AND RELATED FOOD INDUSTRIES To All Who Have Helped and Encouraged Us During This Critical Period We Take This Occasion to Express Our Sincere Gratitude CRANBERRY INSTITUTE South Duxbury, Massachusetts VING A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY m KPE COD EW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON CANADA 35 Cents CRANBERRY GROWER C. PAUL TUCY in Skin Divers Outfit. JUNE 1960 DIRECTORY For CRANBERRY GROWERS Wcrcester Paper Box Corporation MEDFORD, MASS. Td. MYstlc 8-5305 Manufacturers of Folding Cartons and Displays WATER WHITE KEROSENE For use on Cranberry Bogs Also STODDARD SOLVENT Prompt Delivery Service Franconia Coal Co. — Inc. — Wareham, Mass. Tel. CY 5-0039 CRANBERRY GROWERS Choose and Use Niagara Dusts, Sprays and Dusters Niagara Chemical Division Food Machinery and Chemical Corporation Middleport, New York New England Plant and WarehoiM* Ayer, Mass. Tel. Spruce 2-2365 Wareham Savings Bank Falmouth Branch Welcome Savings Account Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent PHONE CYpress 5-3800 Kimball 8-3000 The National Bank of Wareham Conveniently located for Cranberry Men Funds always available for sound loans Complete Banking Service The CHARLES W. HARRIS Company 26 Somerset Ave North Dighton, Mass. AMES Irrigation Systems Sprinklers Weed killers Insecticides Fungicides from Cal. Spray Chemical Company Dupont Company EQUIPMENT HAYDEN - SEPARATOR - WAREHAM, MASS. Irrigation Systems PUMPS SEPARATORS - BLOWERS SCREENHOUSE EQUIPMENT DARLINGTON PICKING MACHINES Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK ALFRED PAPPI At Screenhouses, Bosrs and Pumps Means Satisfoctioa WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. CY 5-2000 SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. EEP INFORMED ON CRANBERRY NEWS THROUGH CRANBERRIES MAGAZINE Tank Truck Service & High - Pressure Spraying WATER WHITE STODDARD KEROSENE SOLVENT Koay5 COLEMAN HEATING AND AIR CONDITIONING Touraine Paints Hardware SANDVIK SCYTHES (ALSO CALLED FINNISH SCYTHES) CARVER SUPPLY CO. UNioN 6-4480 Carver, Mass. APRIL SHOWERS BRING FORTH MAYFLOWERS and ELECTRICITY Brings you the best in service and convenience Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM CYpress 5-0200 PLYMOUTH Pilgrim 6-1300 VOLTA OIL CO. Distributor of the Famous TEXACO WATER WHITE KEROSENE For your Bog STODDORD SOLVENT Tel. Pilgrim 6-1340 Plymouth, Mass. Rte. 44 Samoset St. Attention Growers ! ! tor your Spring weed control we offer water white kerosene 'GRADE A" metered trucks STODDARD SOLVENT SUPERIOR FUEL COMPANY Wareham, Mass. Tel. CY 5-0093 J. W. Hurley Co. • COAL • NEW ENGLAND COKE • FUEL OIL Water White - KEROSENE - For BOGS (METERED TRUCKS) 24-hour Fuel Oil Service Telephone CY 5-0024 1 I 341 Main St. I I WAREHAM J Don't Get Out On A Limb Spray Chemicals are a boon to mankind, but to pro- tect yourself against public attack you must use them according to directions. (Excerpts from an article in the American Fruit Grower) The cranberry residue scare is now history and takes its place with the lead arsenic debacle on apples in the 1930's. (Editor's note; it is by no means history for the ci-anberry grower, but very much alive.) The hard learned lesson once again proves that the one who suffers most is the grow- er. Right or wrong it is his crop which is confiscated, it is he who is admonished, it is he who must fight back against the power of the press and the federal govern- ment. In the cranberry case only a very few growers brought trouble to the whole industry through misuse of the weed killer amino triazole. This experience sends shivers down the backs of growers of other crops. Can the careless action of a few threaten the whole crop no matter who is involved in produc- ing it? (Editor's note; cranberry growers know this can happen.) The unfavorable publicity re- sulting from such a situation scares consumers and affects mar- ket demand. It also frightens other growers so that the use of a potentially useful and cost-sav- ing spray may be denied to them, either by their own fear or by regulatory action. The situation is further upset by the organized attack of two groups — wild life clubs and food faddists. A growing public opposition to spraying is being systematically fed by their voriferous leaders who are experts in the use of propaganda. They make capital of incidents like the cranberry scare. They successfully keep people stirred up despite a preponderance of evidence pointing to the impor- tance of sprays to safeguard our food crops, save our timber re- sources, protect us from insect- spread epidemics, and make it pos- sible to feed our growmg popula- tion. No less an unprejudiced auth- ority than the Office of the Sur- geon General has stated publicly that pesticides are a great boon to mankind. This statement is based on extensive research by Public Health Service. The last Congress appropriated $2.5 million to study the effect of pesticides on fish and wildlife. Walter F. Jansen, director of public information for Food and Drug, has said that the food faddism emphasizes the theme that the American food supply, unmatched in quality throughout the world is deficient, over-pro- cessed, or poisoned by fertilizers, pesticides and food additives. And yet careful studies and re- search prove beyond a doubt that fertilizers and pesticides make it possible for the people of the United States to have the most nutricious and varied diet in the world and to enjoy the longest life span in the world. There is only one way to defenc against unwarranted attack anc that is to present the facts to the public. This means a continuous public relations program througl: ladio, TV, newspapers and mag- azines telling consumers of the lesults of scientific research anc analysis. At the same time thd public should be kept constantly' informed of the safeguards bein: used to protect the foodstuffs they consume. Only through these tac- tics will the scare stories of sud-l den death to wildlife or poisoned (Continued On Page 14) I CRANBERRY PICKING BOXES Shocks, or Nailed Let me repair your broken boxes — or repair them yourself. Stock Always on Hand F. H. COLE Tel. Union 6-3330 North Carver, Mass. FOR PREFABRICATED FLUMES SEE RUSSELL A. TRUFANT HYDRAULIC CONSULTANT PREFABRICATED FLUMES BOG RAILROADS UNION 6-3696 North Carver, Mass. Mass. Cranberry Staim and Field Notes by J. RICHARD BEATTIE Extension Cranberry Specialist M rf-/ % Personals We are pleased to report that Mrs. Henry J. Franklin, who broke her hip early in May, is apparently making satisfactory progress. She will he convalescing at the Fraser Nursing Home in iSandwich, Mass., and we are sure that she would appreciate cards and visits from her friends during her confine- ment. Dr. Fred Chandler returned to his work at the station June 13 after an absence of over two months. His schedule will toe limited until he fully regains his health. Professor Stan Norton also re- turned to his duties June 13th but it will be on a limited basis until he fully recovers from a recent operation. Dr. Herbert F. Bergman, who retired in 1953, attended his 55th Class Reunion in June at Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kan- sas. Dr. Bergman spent the past winter in Mexico. He will be at the station during the balance of the summer, carrying on some of his studies. New Mechanical Assistant Milton J. Paine recently joined the station staff as an assistant to Professor Norton and will be work- ing in the field of mechanization. Mr. Paine replaces Walter Kent- field who resigned several months ago. We welcome Milt to our staff. Light Frost Season I Cranberry growers have enjoyed an unusually light spring frost season. Only 4 general frost warn- ings were released from the sta- jtion compared to 13 warnings last spring, 17 in 1958, 19 in 1957, and 3 in 1956. Just for the record, 41 'A^arnings were issued in the spring )f 1949. These include both the afternoon and evening forecasts. The first warning was issued June 8th and terminated, we hope, Juna 11. Temperatures of 27-28° were reported on some properties. Frost damage at this time (June 15) appears to be negligible; however, "umbrellas" are common on a number of bogs, which indicates that if temperature had dropped another degree or two on these bogs, damage could have been rather serious. Keeping Quality Forecast While we enjoyed the freedom from frost this spring, weather factors since April have added only one point to the final keep- ing quality forecast which was re- leased June 2 and is as follows: "FINAL KEEPING QUALITY FORECAST: Examination of weather records from April through May shows 1 additional point, and when added to the 5 points accum- ulated prior to April makes a total of 6 out of a possible Ifi which favor good keeping quality rvml next fall. Based on the point sys- tem, the prospects are fair to good for general keeping quality of the 1960 Massachusetts cranberry crop. However, these bogs that tend to produce weak fruit would definitely benefit from fungicide treatments. For details, see the new charts and Disease Notice below on disease control recom- mendations". "DISEASE NOTES: Maneb (80% wettable) has been cleared as a fungicide. It should be applied at the rate of 9 lbs. /acre in a minimum of 100 gallons of water. Phaltan (50% wettable) can be used at 9 lbs. /acre for the first fungicide application. It may be applied as a concentrate or at the 100-gallon rate. Zineb, maneb or ferbam should be used for the second treatment. Apply first treatments at 5% bloom — the second, 14 days later. May be combined with the first fruitworm application. No problem as to the compatibility of materials recom- mended". As we have stated be- fore, it should be clearly under- stood that these forecasts serve only as guides and to that extent are a useful tool, as has been dem- onstrated in the great majority of Brewer & Lord INSURANCE 40 Broad Street, Boston, Mass. ARTHUR K. POPE CONVERSE HILL WILLIAM B. PLUMER ROBERT A. SULLIVAN EDWARD H. LEARNARD HORACE H. SOULE CHARLES M. CUTLER EBEN A. THACHER HERBERT R. LANE VINCENT M. WILSON JOHN B. CECILL, JR. Serving the People of New England Since 1859 years that they have been released. Insect Activity Lignt Insect activity to date (June 15) has been lighter than normal. The first brood of the blackheaded fireworms has been plentiful on a number of bogs, particularly where they were troublesome last year. . Sparganothis fruitworm has been rather spotty. Weevils, cut- worms and green spanworms have not been too plentiful except on a few properties. Blunt-nosed leaf- hoppers are beginning to make their appearance as tiny yellow- ish nymphs and no doubt will re- quire treatment in some instances. The second brood of fireworms could be a problem, particularly on those bogs that were treated late A Good Flume Is Your Insurance For A Good Crop USE ALL HEART REDWOOD We have a good stock of All Heart Timbers 6x8 — 6x6 — 4x6 — 4x4 Planking- - Square Edged or Matched 2x6 — 2x8 — 2x10 — 2x12 LET US ESTIMATE YOUR FLUME AND BUILDING NEEDS E. W. Goodhue Lumber Co., Inc. MIDDLEBORO ROAD EAST FREETOWN, MASS. C. & L. EQUIPMENT CO. 191 LEONARD STREET ACUSHNET, MASS. Cranberry Bog Service PRUNING FERTILIZING RAKING WEED TRIMMING Machinery Sales PRUNERS POWER WHEELBARROWS RAKES WEED TRIMMERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS - Large & Small For Further Information Call . . . F. P. CRANDON N. C. LEONARD Rockwell 3-5526 Wyman 3-4332 C. J. TRIPP Wyman 4-4601 for the first brood or where trea. ment was omitted. The millers now common on these bogs, ind; eating the need for careful checl; ing for the second brood of fir worms in late June or early Jul on "early water" properties. Our advance season is expectt! to hasten fruitworm activiti Fruitworm millers are now flyir and will be laying eggs just < soon as tiny berries develop, wouldn't be surprising if son bogs require treatment befo. July 4th. The proper use of tl hand lens is the best techniqi that we have for locating frui worm eggs and determining wht (Continued On Page 17) Western Pickers Parts and Repairs Agent for 1960 Model ORDER NOW J. E. BRALEY & SON MACHINE SHOP 78 Gibbs Ave. Wareham, Mass. HAVE YOUR REPAIRS DONE NOW FOR BETTER PEST CONTROL Use these reliable GENERArtHEMICAL GENERAL CHEMICAL DIVISION 40 R«tor Street, New York 6, N. V. Issue of June 1960 - Vol. 25 No. 2 Published monthly at The? Courier Print Shop, Main St.. Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscriptions $3.50 per year. Second Class Postage Paid at Wareham, Massachusetts Post Office. FRESH FROM THE FIELDS Compiled by C J. H. MASSACHUSETTS No May Frost Warnings . The entire month of May, as April did, s'aw no g^eneral frost warnings go out from Cranberry Experiment Station, thereby hang- ing uip a record for a frostless spring. No damage from frost has been recorded for the year to date. There were two inland warnings and close to the danger point was reached on two or three nights the latter part of the month. The lack of frost gave growers a wel- come break from troubles, saving flooding expense and preventing any damage to vines from flood- ing. This was in shaip contrast to other springs, particularly the May of 1944 when on the 18th there was a most disastrous frost, as most growers who were in bvisiness at that time vividly re- call. That fall the crop picked was only 159,000 barrels. Month Warmer than Normal The month was slightly warmer than normal, although with many overcast days it did not seem so. At end of month there was a plus of 57 degrees, or just under two a diay. The first part of the month was considerably warmer and up to the 18th there had been a plus of 78 degrees. This had caused the bogs to begin to catch from a late start. By end of May new growth was probably generally a little ahead of normal and was miaking nice progi-ess. The warmth did not improve keeping quality. Less Rainfall In spite of much cloud, the month was actually deficient in rainfall, the total being 2.89, while the normal is 3.18 inches. However there was recordable rain on ten days and traces of rain on five others. In fact, the only real good weather of the month for any stretch occured over the Memorial Day holiday. The week of May 9 was one ^f continuous cloud and rain. Sunshine was 54% of the time, w'hich however is 7% less than normal. This will have no effect on the '60 crop. Insects Perhaps More Abundant Insects were fully as abundant as usual, but growers were hitting them hard to keep them under control. By the 18th there was blackheaded fireworm, some tip- worm, some sparganothis and some weevil. Weeds Also Abundant Growers were also perhaps hav- ing more trouble with weeds than normal, even though there was a very considerable amount of kero- sene and solvent control being praoticed. The seasons of botih 1958 and 1959 had been wet ones and had encouraged this growth, also amino triazole could not be used after harvest last fall. The lack of use of tihis "miraculous" chemioal is being missed, but its use is prohibited. Quite a Bit of Work With the assurance of govern- ment indemnity on the 1959 crop market losses, there is consider- able bog work being done this spring, but no large new develop- ments. There is some rebuilding. A lot of spring sianding has been done. WASHINGTON May, Wet, Cold Weather for May was unseason- R. F. MORSE & SON West Wareham, Mass., Tel. CY 5-1553 Cranberry Growers Agent For Eastern States Farmers' Exchange Insecticides - Fertilizers - Fungicides Bog Service and Supplies Agent for Wiggins Airways Helicopter Spray and Dust Service DEPENDABLE ECONOMICAL SERVICE ably wet and cold. Normal cran- berry growth was slow as com- pared with last year. Continuing rains will probably nullify many of the hundreds of plots carefully applied in a crasih program against weeds at the Cranben-y Station. To the end of May there was 6.53 inches of rainfall with only two days showing no trace of rain. Frost Sprinkling High temperature for the month occured on May 10 when the regis- ter was 72, but even that day had some rain. The lows occurred on the 4th, 15 and 22nd Avfhen the temperatures dropped to 30 in the early morning hours and it was necessary to sprinkle for frost. The relative humidity dropped to 42 percent on May 10th and to 56 percent on May 9'th and 23rd, vary- ing from 60 percent to 98 percent the remainder of the time. Prob- ably half of the days there was a cold west to northwest wind blowing in off the ocea. F, H. A. Loans "Pete" Cooper of the FHA has set up a temiporary office ajt the Cranlbei-ry Station. He is on duty each third Thursday of the month from 1.00 to 4.00 ip.m. to assist growers in applying for the FHA emergency loans. Spray charts are out of the hands of the printers and distribu- ted after comnsiderably delay in- curred because of great care taken in screening these by the residue committee of Washington State University. Rates used in the clhart all follow within the limits set by Food and Drug regulations. FOR SALE TWO 35 YD. CAPACITY - 'TRAILER DUMPS" Custom built at cost of $7200.00 each One a "Mechanical 5th wheel" will sell $2250.00 — the ather 'Converted Wet Slip" will sell $2500.00 — Body dimensions 20 ft. X 8 ft. X 6 ft. with water tight gates. Write GODDARD BOG CO. BEAVER DAM RD. PLYMOUTH, MASS. OR Phone Manomet CAnal 4-2784 r i I I i i i I Retain natural flavor without over-sweetness 1 I I I I AND REX CORN SYRUPS »•■•* i Manufacturers of fine products for the food industry . . . and m popular Best Foods Division grocery brands for the consumer. :g^: corn products company OREGON Black headed Fireworm The blackheaded fireworm has made appearances in several bogs but growers have trouble in get- ting spray to stay on long enough! to be effective due to heavy rain- fall. This is an extremely wet sea- son causing difficulty in spraying operations for both insect i weed control. Bud Growth Growers are having to sprea< their fertilizer by walking on vine; in such an advance stage of growth that damage to the vines could well be the result. Bud growth at the end of May was in the "hook' stage but is not showing up in a very uniform situation. What thi= can be blamed on is not knwvn New Bog Several unofficial estimates var\ considerably in the number of new bogs going in this year but it is agreed that interest in raising cranberi-ies is on the increase Coos County. NEW JERSEY No Severe Weather May's weather in the cranberrj area of New Jersey was ofter threatening but never reallj severe. There were several "scary' nights but no bad frosts. At th( upland weather station at the lab oratory the low was 30° on Maj 5 and there were six other night: during which the low temperatui recorded was below 40°. How ever none of these occurred afte May 10, when most New Jersey bogs were drawn. Cool, Cloudy May Cool, cloudy weather prevaile( for most of the month but a warn spell during the middle of th* month averaged out the cold per iods. The average temperature figured out 62.9° as compared t( the norm of 62.8°. Rainfall Small There was measurable rain on i; days and a threat of heavy pre cipitation occurred on severa other days. However most of the rainfalls were small, inconven iencing sprinkles and they totalle< only 3.56 inches, which is actuall: (Continued On Page 18) Massachusetts Grower Has The Unusual Avocation of Rescue Skin Diving C. Paul Tucy, Who (Operates ;28-Acre Bog Goes in for Ithis necessary activity — Wouldn't do it for any amount of money, but enjoys sport skin diving when he finds time. by Clarence J, Hall There is a cranberry grower who has come to the rather unusual avocation of skin-diving for rescue work. He is C. Paul Tucy of Lewis Point, Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts. _.A few other cranberry growers may dive for pleasure (one is Tony Briggs of Plymouth, Mass.) but likely no other who goes in for this dangerous work. Paul finds too little time for pleasure diving, he says, but is on call for rescue at any hour. He operates a bog of 28% acres in War^ham. He conducts a growing construction business of excavating, bulldozing and trucking out of Buzzards Bay. He is a dynamo of activity. "You die seven deaths in this done graipplinig work. i^scue work," he says, "and the worsit is when you find the person. You are scared stiff all the time." How did he get into rescue work? He doesn't seem to know exaictly himself. But he has always liked the water and all water sports, waternskiing, swimming, diving, sailing and he owns a 16-foot runaibout. No Pay for Work "Do you get any pay for the rescue work." he was asked. "No, he replied," I wouldn't do a job for $200." But he does do the work. Sombedy must. He is a call member of the Bourne Fire Department, with a Rescue Unit of he and two otlhers. But he sems to be the one that is called out. Last spring a boatman fell off the State Pier at the Maritime Acedamy, Buzzards Bay. The ac- cident haipipened at about 2:30 in the mioming in a dense fog. By 4:00 Paui had recovered the body on the bottom of the bay, 35 feet deep. "It is dark down there at night," he asserts, "even with your flaslh^ light you can't see that far abead of you," and he gestured with his hands in front of him, not more tihan two feet. "It is ailso murkier in fresh water p^onds than you would •ihink," he says. Last summier he vas called out to recover the body >f a man drowned in Great Her- iin Pond. He recovered the body Wt a iep&i of 50 leet. IJe ha^ alsp When he puts on his skin-tight, black rubber suit with yellow, stripes, his kick fins, his divimg mask which fits over his eyes and nose, places the two rubber tubes in his mouth, something like the bit of a horse; with a 60'-pound tank filled with comlpressed air, 2000 lbs. pressure strapped to his back, lead weights about his waist he doesn't look mucih like a cran- berry grower. Can Stay Down an Hour He can stay down an hour in his work. The deepest he has been is 80 feet off Woods Hole, practicing rescue work. The dagger he car- ries is to cut himself free if he becomes entagled in anything. He has had to cut himself free only once, off the Sandwich end of the Cape Cod Canal when he got snarled in fishlines. His outfit, Which he paid for himiself, cost about $200. There are dangers in skin diving. You can get body paraly- sis, convulsions, asphyxiate or burslt a lung, or get drowned. "You have to go down slowly and clear your ears all the way," he says. If you come up too fast you are in real trouble.'' He has been skin^iving about three years and for the p^st two winters has taken courses in res- cue work. Maybe the fact he did some diving, while in service dur- ing the Second World War, may Jiiave had something to do with fettdng hMn into t^^e rescue en4 of diving. Paul was recently selected by a .national manufacturer of skin- diving equipment (Raytheon) to pose for a series of pihotographs to be used in nationl advertising. He was bom in Bristol, R. I. You'll never know what a field can yield until you use RAIN You won't ever know what your fields can yield iintil you try the remarkable premium ferti- lizer, Hainbow Plant Food. Rainbow is several cuts above anything you've ever used be- fore . . . tailored for our local soils and crops, and scientifi- cally designed to feed crops all season long. Put Rainbow on your own soU this year. See how much more a field can yield . . . when fertilized with Rainbow Premi- , lun Plant Food. Call us for full details. DIELDRIN WITH RAINBOW Control Insect! Added to RAINBOW as an acid in the control of Root Grubs - Wireworm - White Grubs - DIELDRIN. For convenience and economy fertilize and destroy insects in one operation. Ask Your Local Dealer INTERNATIONAL MINERALS & CHEMICAL CORP. WOBURN, MASS. May 14, 1924, siiortly after which, his parents, Mr. and Mrs. Charles Tucy went West to Sante Fe in New Mexico. There Mr. Tucy was foreman of a large ranch. The famiily returned Fat' who;-. Paul was five and Oharles, and his brother C!ay.~on, npened a florist and landh'ciaping business, Tucy Bros., at Buzzards Bay. With a father and uncle both engaged in horticultural work, perhaps it is only natural that Paul eventually got into ci^anbcrry growing. He attended school in Biourne and was graduated from Bourne ILigh in 1943. He was in the services, U. S. Air Force from that year until 1946, and also in the U. S. Air Force Sea Rescue Unit. He was t^tationed at various places, chief- ly North Carolina. He had entered to be a pilot and did pilot training for a year, but developed an ill- ness which prevented further pilot- ing. Whale in sei-vice he was sent to Union University at Jackson, Tennessee, where he crammed a four year course in subjects most- ly aeronautical into two. Frost flowing of the 11 pieces of the Maple Park Company bofi-s is considerable of a job, but Paul does it unassisted. It takes him from aibout 9 in the evening until 4 in the miorning to get on a good frost flow. He has 20 flumes to attend. One of these, the main gate from Glen Charlie Pond is an enormous one. It is 34 feet wide with a drop of at least 20 feet. This was formerly the site of an early iron mill, ruins of the foun- dations still being visible. This also was once the site of a small village around the mill, now it is lonely territory except for sum- mer cottages on Glen Charlie. Wants Better Drainage Paul, in his renovation pro- gram is doing the things he thinks most essential first. He is working exitensively on getting drainage for the bogs. He wants to be able to get off frost flood more quickly and also heavy rains. Last fall he dug and imtproved two draining ditches, one, controlling four acres, a quarter of a mile long direct to East Wareham Mill Pond, Tucy as he normally looks with his dog. Boy. (CRANBERRIES Photo) and the other a half mile long, taking care of tihe other 24 aci-es also directly to the same pond. One of his problems has been excessive moss growth on the bogs. One, a piece of 7^/i acres is solid moss, and the moss has cut down production on this and other pieces. While he believes in g-ood drain- age he says he believes this can be over-done, bogs can be too dry, and he points out how there is al- ways heavy vine growth along ditches. "Of course," he adds, too heavy vine growth is no good." Mows W'eeds ;Hie, genei-'ally, however, does have good hea\T^ and healthy vine gTowth. This heavy growth has led him - for the present at least - to the rather unusual practice today of no weed control, except mowing. "I have had no weeders on, or done any kind of weed work in the 12 years 1 have run the bogs." Yet obsei-vers have noted much cleaner than many bogs, and the bogs are rather free of weeds, it may be due to the vine lushness. Neither has he done too much Tucy can and does operate h s omt ivjj ting with shovel digging a drainage ditch. inding, a little each year. He inds with bog buggies, running reotly on the bog and sometimes 1 planking. He doesn't think that ►o m'ucth sanding is necessary hat with float boats that clean ) trash, wlhioh sand is supposed cover, and the picking machines hidh pi-une and comb the vines, aving them lying sanooth. He has three main sand pits -ound the bog( and a number of nailer cue to use, if necess.iry. le sand, he says, is a little f inner an he likes, although it is the nd some prefer. F>or insect cont: ol he uses hea- pter (Wiggins Airways.) Hiow- er, he is going to have a \ow- illonago sprayer such as manv •owers are now coming to. This 11 be mounted on a Cub tractor, iiich he has. This ground rig will \ an insurance against delays ( air control due to bad weather s other causes, and also for spot satment. Ipmcnt. Here he is oper- ( Cranberries Photo) HELICOPTER PEST CONTROL qqins /firu/au I I NORWOOD, MASS. I DUSTING and SPRAYING Can Put In More Bog Other work he has accomplished RAY MORSE, Agent TEL. CY 5-3928 For higher yields and cleaner cranberries Control fruit rots with one of these effective DuPont fungicides FERMATE" | PARZATE ferbam fungicide | zineb fungicide (R) MANZATE' I ZERLATE maneb fungicide ' ziram fungicide Now Du Pont offers four highly effective fungicides for control of fungus diseases in cranberries. "Fermate", Manzate", "Parzate" or "Zerlate" all are outstanding for the control of fruit rots on the vines and reduction of rot while in storage. These fungicides may be applied by conventional or concentrated sprayers and are tough on rot, but mild on the plants. "Manzate" is outstanding also for control of twig blight of cranberries in Washington and Oregon. See your dealer for full information and your supply of "Fermate", "Manzate", "Parzate" or "Zerlate". Get greater yields and higher quality in your cranberries by stopping fruit rots now. On all chemicals, follow label instructions and warnings carefully (R) B E. I. du Ponte de Nemours & Co. (inc.) Industrial and Biochemica!s Department RE. us PATorr Wilmington 98, Delaware Better Things for Better Living . . . Through Chemistry A view of a portion of the Tucy a good deal of cleaning up of L€ uplands. Also on his program the levelling off of high edges : some of the bogs, the center of lese being solid peat and bogs ive settled over the years, leav- ig rims too high for good vine rowlth. Tihe company owns a very )nsid€rable area of wioodland and m put in 50 more acres in the iture if this becomes desirable. "I really love these bogs and "oods and woudd rather be up here '^orkinig than doing any other kind f worfl," he says, and there eems no doubt by the way he ays it that he means it. Operates Cranberry Company He was married in 1948 to he former Marion Besse of E^st Varehiam, wihose grandfather, the ate and formerly well-known Jeorge M. Besse, with others had ►uilt bogs. These bogs, in 11 dif- erent pieces, make up the Maple ^ark Cranberry Bogs and are located in the Maple Sipring area n the Plymlouth Woods in Ware- tam. Now Mr. and Mrs. C. Paul S>acy own the controlling interest n the properties and it is his re- ; ponisibility to operate and make ih«m produce. The bogs were budlt Bogs at harvest. about 60 years ago. Boigs are set to about one-half Early Blacks with maybe a quarter Hlowes and the rest "fancies,'' varieties wihich growers of an earlier day planted as they brought premiium prices. The bogs are fliowed from big Glen Charlie ^"q'llligilll^i;il^!illIlllllHII!IB[llliailllBI!IIB!IIIBllliIB;i (Cranberries Photo) pond into reservoirs owned by the Maple Park Company. Flowage is by gravity and the water cannot be returned, but goes inthe East Wareham Mill pond. There was a screenhouse there but this burned about four years ago. ;illB!lilB!l!IHIIIH!IH!IIIBIIIH!IIIB1IIIHIIHIIIIBIIIIf£ I Aerial Spraying and Dusting also Fertilizing i i We Specialize | I " I I In Parathion Applications | I I i both s Sprays and Dusts I MARSHFIELD AIRWAYS, INC. | I Marshfield, Mass. i I Thos S. Weitbrecht (Whitey) Temple 4-7818 = ^llllBIIIIBIIIIBIIIIBIIIIBIIIIBIIIBIIIIBIIPBIIIIBIIIIBIIIIBIIIIBIIIIBIillBIHIIIIBIIIIBIIIBIIIIBO^^ Eleven KILL ALL MAJOR CRANBERRY INSECTS WITH MALATHION Malathion helps you avoid residue problems offers safety in use Six seasons of use have proved malathion's superiority as a cranberry insecticide. Early spraying or dusting with mal- athion protects the new crop against damage from black and yellow-headed fireworms, false armyworms, blossom worms, tip worms, cutworms and blunt- nosed leafhoppers. Later in the sea'son, malathion controls the highly destructive fruitworm. Offers safety in use Malathion is a phosphate insec- ticide with loiv toxicity to man and animals. Its wide safety margin makes it ideal for air application , . . especially in and around populated areas. Avoid residue problems Malathion's fast-disappearing residues allow application on cranberries up to 72 hours be- fore harvest. Residues will be well below the limits established by law. Compatible with other chemicals Malathion is compatible with most fungicides and other insec- ticides . . . another reason why so many groAvers are making it the basic insecticide in their' spray schedules. American Cyanamid Company, Agricul- tural Division, New York20,N.Y. •piwto courtesy oj the National Cranberry Association CYANAMID SERVES THE MAN WHO MAKES A BUSINESS OF AGRICULTURE MALATHION INSECTICIDES Does Own Frost Work lul does all his own frost •c. He is an interested and •r-jto-'advance grower. He may illy be seen at most of tlhe jberry meetings, schools and cs as they are held, •oduction on the bogs has not eded 1,000 barrels, "but from on, it will," he says, e has no working foreman but gs up help from his workers is constructdon business, paying a above bog-work wages. He had a crane at the bog and 1 engaged in a program of iung ditches and improving nage. He harvests with both /estern and a Darlington. H-i • throu}- 1 Ocear. Spray Cran- ■ieis, Inc., although for years n George "Mac" Besse was e tlhe fruit was sold through I England Cranberry Sales -pany, division of American nberry Exchange. When the E. was dissolved some years the switch was made to the 1 NCA. In Construction Business a his consltruction business, rating from a garage at Buz- is Bay he employs four or five 1. Paul himself is a licensed le operator and can run any •e of equipment, including .dozers. But he says his gen- I over-all interests now prevent . from too often tying hims^'lf "^n to an 8-hour a day stretch ning any one piere of equip- it. The C. Paul Tucy Consftruc- 1 Company, as he calls thi-^ inesc, <'eivig to many or- iiizations, but says h.' had rather nd his time at his garage or ier work However, he is a mem- of the Bourne Board of Ap- is, Cape Cod Cranberry Grow- A.ssoc;ation, Sovitheastern |i nberry Club H-,d of the Ameri- Legion. He also belongs to [ Le-yvis Pfoint Skin Divers' b, a group w'hich oiwns it's air iipressor for filling tanks. It s '^1 and the unio will go out searches for undersea objects. Built Own Home jewis Point where the Tucys h is now a private development FLOWABLE PARATHIOH 400 insecticide is ideal for use on cranberries. It is a modern formulation of parathion ... a water-base emulsion offering all the advantages of parathion with these additional benefits: Improved convenience and less hazard in handling, plus greater safety to plants than emulsifiable concentrates. It contains no solvents or oils, can be used in all types of sprayers, and is compatible with a widerangeof insecticides and fungicides. PHALTAr 50 WETTABLE fungicide gives outstanding control of cranberry fruit rots. Bogs sprayed with Phaltan have consistently yielded high quality berries with good color and size. It sJiould first be used when 5% of blossoms are open, and agam, K) to 14 days later when 50% to 75% of blossoms are open. It shoaH not be applied after blossoms have fallen and young berries axe expensed. See your ddaler for further information. StaufFer Chemical Company, 380 Madison Avenue, New York 17, New York. Thirteen jutting into Buttennilk Bay. They have a seven-room house, with about 2,000 feet of floor space which they largely 'built them- selves. Mrs. Besse did much of the plastering and other work, Paul the heavier. They have a sunken living room wihich looks out over the bay and a huge free- standing fireplace made of pav- ing block with an opening into the living room and also the basement. This, weighing many tons, was built by Paul with a little help from friends. The couple has two children, a son. Brock, 9 and a daughter Kyle, 3. Confident of Future Paul, like many of the younger growers and nuany of the older ones too, is one who is confident about the future of the cranberry business. "I think the cranberry situation is now definitely encour- aging, I'm sure things have chang- ed and we are coming out of the slump, and conditions will get beeter, - they are now, somewhat - and will stay that way. "I'm expecting and hoping to build more bog and add to the acreage of our properties." 50 YEARS AGO CRANBERRY BILL SIGNED— The bill for the appropriation of $15,000 for the purpose of con- ducting experiments for the bene- fit of the Massachusetts cranberry growers has passed all phases of enactment and was signed by Gov- ernor Draper. This appropriation will enable the directors of Massachusetts Agricultural Station to purchase a bog for experimental pui^poses and equip a laboratory with all the necessary implements and acces- sories. In conjunction with this work it is expected that a United States Weather station will be established at East Wareham thoroughly equipped and prepared at all times to communicate the knowledge gained there to the growers at the shoi-test possible notice. DON'T GET OUT (Continued From Page 2) food supplies be blunted and re- futed. The grower must think before he sprays. He must read the label before starting the sprayer. The following precautions should be a catechism for every spray- man every day: (1) If the crop you spray is not listed on the label, do not use the pesticide. (2) Do not use more than the dosage recommended on the label. Increasing the concen- tration increases the risk of ex- cessive residue. (3) Do not apply more often than recommended on the label. (4) Do not start using the pesticide until recommended. (5) Do not apply nearer to harvest time than recommended. (6) Fol- low all safety precautions listed on the label. Attacks against spraying prob- ably will grow. Using sprays as recommended will keep growers' shirts clean. At the same time telling the public the truth and giving them the facts on pesticides will quiet the outspoken enemies of pesticides in the courts of public opinion. This is the big job all of us face together — grawe I chemical manufacturers, procr sors, etc. DOUGHTY SPEAKS BEFORE KIWANIANS Dr. Charles C. Doughty, dir( tor of Washington Cranben Blueberry Station was gu( speaker at a recent meeting the Ilwaco - Long Beach Wat ington Kiwanis club. He d cussed proiblems of the cranbei grower. He said one of the most pre ing problems is weed control, a hence the discovery of a subs tute for amino triazole, which now banned on all bogs. 1 Doughty also told of fruit r blight, soil deficiences and otl problems which are being tack by the Experiment Station well as vine adaptations to lo climate and market conditions. He praised the work of predecessor, D. J. Crowley, v came to the station in 1919 i worked out sprinkler irrigat for frost control, insect cont and other developments in the dustry. LIBERTY CROP DUSTS For Aircraft Application are available on the Cape from R. C. MOSSMAN Horticultural Sales 30 South Main Street West Bridgewater, Massachusetts Tel. JUniper 3-9112 representing The HUBBARD-HALL CHEMICAL CO. General Offices: Waterbury, Conn. I I The Greater Boston Chamber of Commerce helps to promote the cranberry industry by offering cran- i"-y juice cocktail to all the visitors at the chamber's office. First drinks are toasted by George C. Olsson, t. {^resident af Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. and James G. Roberts, chamber executive vice president. i (Photo Courtesy Ocean Spray) Two Cranberry Growers Are Named As Trustees Two new members of the Board of the Plymouth County (Mass- achusetts) Trustees for county aid to agriculture have been appoint- ed announces Robert B. Ewing. Agent-=Manager of Extension Ser- vice. They are both cranberry growers, Lewis E. Billings of Plympton and Robert C. Hammond of East Wareham. They succeed Maurice Makepeace of Wareham, also engaged in the cranberry bus- iness and Paul Lehtolo of Bridge- water, whose terms expired. Mr. Billing's farm consists of 248 acres of which 13 are cran- berry bog, with many acres of woodland. He also operates a herd of 45 cows. He received his education in the schools of Plymp- ton and Plymouth. He is a Plympton selectman and holds directorships in; American Dairy Association in M'assacjhusetts, Plymouth County Farm Bureau, Producers' Dairy Co-op of Brock- ton, the National Milk Producers Association. He is also supervisor of the Plymouth County Soil Con- servation District and chairman of the Agricultural and Stabilization Conservation County Committee. He is past president of South Shore Cranberry Club and a mem- ber of Cape Cod Cranberry Grow- ers' Association. He is also secre- tary of the Plympton Planning Board; chairman of the Plymouth County Selective Breeding Asso- ciation and a member of the South- eastern Sales Committee of the New England Milk Producers' Association. He recently received a Tree Farm Award for outstand- ing forestry work on bis timber- land. Mr. Hammond received his ed- ucation in the Wareham schools. At present he is president and manager of the Fuller-Hammond Company which owns and operates a large acreage of bogs in South- eastern Massachusetts. He is a member of the board of Commis- sioners of Trust Funds, Town of Wareham. He is a director of the Plymouth County Farm Bureau LEWIS E. BILLINGS ROBERT C. HAMMOND and Wareham Cooperative Bank, director and second vice president of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association. NO OCEAN SPRAY ADS TILL 1960 POOL Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. plans no regular advertising for the next few months, as no funds are available. It is planned to resume this advertising through similiar advertising used in 1958 and 1959, staiting with the 1960 pool. Mass, Cranberry Growers Borrow $480,000 FHA Loaii According to Charles C. Sta Supervisor of the Farmers He Administration in Rhode Ish and southeastern Massachusel his agency has received and p cessed applications for 62 cranb ry growers for a total amoi of $480,00. He anticipates ad tional applications will be m; before the closing date of J', 30. However, he strongly recr mends that an*/ cranbeny gro^ desiiring assistance from 1 agency should make applicat as soon as possible as it ta two to four iweeks to process application, depending on acreage involved. Applioatioms are being recei; by Robert B. Hiller, Emerge. Loan Supei'vis'Or, at the Cranbe' Experiment Station at East Wc' iham on Wednesday and Thui"? of each week. The following t conditions and purposes Uf which the loans are made. ELIGIBILITY Any cranbt grower operating in the designs i area including individual, parti ship, or corporation is eligible t a Production Emergency In providing the applicant meets e following requirements: 1. Has a record of succt cranberry operations in past. 2. He is unable to obtain ci fi-om commercial banks, c erative lending agencies other responisible sources, credit required for contin his normal operation. 3. Has the necessary experi> and ability to succeed with proposed cranberry operj ' and will Ihonestly endeavo ^ carry out the necessary ob tions required of him. 4. He will pei*sonally ma t" the operation involved. LOAN PURPOSES Produ Emergency Loans may be ' for any of the follo.\\'ing pii.ii 1. The purchase of seeJ.. lizer, insecticides, and to Sixteen any other essentdal fa-rm oper- aiting expenses in connection with the growing of the 1960 caiop. Emergency loan funds wiill not be used for refinanc- ing puriposes. REPAYMENT TEiRMiS The loans will be scheduled for repay- ment as the income froim the 1960 crop is expected to be received. The interest rate will be at 3% on the unpaid balance. Security for tibese loans will be a lien on the 1960 crop and a crop assiig^nment and any additional security which may be deemed necessary. BEAHIE - (Continued From Page 4) the first treatment should be ap- plied. It is very important to have good timing for the first applica- tion. Weeds Real Problem A weed control program this year presents some real problems. A number of the useful herbicides have had to be omitted from the chart, and unfortunately we have few alternative or substitute treat- ments to offer. There is still a place for limited hand weeding, the use of weed clippers and spot treatments, using the chemicals recommended on the weed control chart. The growers' own judge- ment in selection of the method and materials best suited for his particular weed problem is by far the soundest approach. Fungicides Wise use of fertilizers will im- prove many properties and in- crease yields per acre. The 1958 dhart contains a number of form- ulations and the recommended rates of application. There is such a wide variation in bogs that it might be wise, according to Dr. Chandler, if growers put out their own test plots to determine the most economical amount of fer- tilizer to use on their hogs. Grow- ers are reminded again that Urea can be combined with insecticides and fungicides and is non-corrosive to equipment. Subscribe To Cranberries Stevens Given ''Hats Ofr Award New England Wholesale Food Distributors Association, oldest food organization in the United States honored Ambrose E. Stevens, general manager and executive vice president of Ocean Spray Cranherries, Inc. at its 85th anniversary banquet at Poland Springs, Maine, June 11. Mr. Stevens was presented the first "hats off" award by John H. How- ard of E. C. Hall Company, Brock- ton, Mass., retiring president of the association. A placque given Mr. Stevens states : "First annual "hats off" award to Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc., and Ambrose E. Stevens execu- tive vice president and general manager, who, in an industry crisis of unprecedented nature, showed calm, steadfast courage and faith in the integrity of the cranberry industry as a whole and the growers as individuals, whose welfare had been jeopardized through no fault of their own. "His inspired leadership at this critical time rallied the growers, as well as the entire food industry in a supreme effort to restore cranberry products to their well- earned position of acceptance by the consuming public and the trade, thus commanding profound admiration and respect. Presented by the New England Wholesale Food Distributors Association." In accepting the citation, Mr. Stevens said, "If there be any credit due for the performance just enumerated, it should go to the food distributors of America. Perhaps never before in history has a food processor received such wonderful support and cooperation from all segments of the food industry, the distributing trades in particular. In the true Amer- ican spirit, they rallied to help pull through a member of the food family who was in distress." The news stories in the adverse cranberry publicity last November resulted in what is termed the seventh biggest news story of the year. FUNGICIDE-TREATED AREAS MORE FROST RESISTANT Considerable brownish areas ap- peared on Miassachusetts bogs in May, it developed from remarks by Cranberry Specialist J. Richard Beatitie at meetings of the first spring clinics. It was felt, he said, this might cut down crop prospects slig'htly. This browning occurs slightly every year but not to the extent of this spring. The only way the browning could be accounted for, he said, was that possibly the effects of the extremely dry September of 1959 when there wias also little frost flowing until the last of the month had caused this. He said there were no known control measures. A phenomena has been noted, said Dr. Bert M. Zuckerman, that wtbere bogs were treated with fungoiide last year a frost resist- ance appeared to have developed. He said it was quite noticeable in contrast with untreated vines. This effect was also noted on some bogs on the West Coast. He con- tinued this will be further studied this season, as it apparently has never been noted before. There v/as a fair abundance of blackheaded fireworms appearing on the bogs in late May, William E. Tomlinson noted, and this was not to be unexpected in view of the relatively mild winter of 1959-60. He said this mild condi- tion might increase some other in- sects. There was some spar- ganothis, false armyworm was more abundant and the tipworms were busy. He explained controls. Irving Demoranville gave a dis- cussion on bog weeds and treat- ments. Meetings were held the last week in May with good at- tendances. They were at Otean Spray plant in Hanson, A. D. 'Makepeace Company screenhouse Meeting House Bay, West Barn- stable, Ocean Spray Screenhouse, North Harwiclh' and at Cranberry Experiment Station. CONGRESS EATS CRANBERRIES AND SCALLOPS Members of the U. S. Congress were served a special luncheon of Massachusetts cranberries and scallops June 14. They were guests of Senators Leverett Salt- onstall and John F. Kennedy, Representatives Joseph F. Martin, Jr. and Hastings Keith. The on-the-house affair was de- signed to boost the popularity of cranberries and scallops. The cranberries were air-transported in the quantity of 500 pounds and a similar amount of scallops was sent, enough to feed 1200 to 1500 ipersons. The cranberries came from Ocean Spray and the scallops from New Bedford, Mass., called the greatest scallop port. Preceding the luncheon there was a get-to-gether in the office of Representative Keith at which cranberry juice and scallop hors - d'oevres were served. Arrange- ments were made by Keith. Among those attending the affair were Orrin G. Colley, pres- ident of Cranberry Institute and Marcus M. Urann, its secretary and a director of Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. The Institute helped in arranging the whole affair. MANEB APPROVED FOR MASSACHUSETTS USE The Massachusetts Cranberry Experiment Station announced early in June that Maneb (80% wettable) has been cleared as a fungicide. It should be applied at the rate of 9 pounds per acre in a minimum of 100 gallons of water. Phaltan (50% wettable) can be used at 9 pounds per acre for the first fungicide application. It may be applied as a concentrate at the 100 gallon rate. Zineb, maneb or ferbam should be used for the second treatment. Apply first treatment at 5% bloom — the second 14 days later. May be combined with the first fruitworm application. There is no problem as to the compatibility of materials recommended. SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES Eighteen . j INDIAN TRAIL ADDS PRODUCTS Indian Trail, Inc. of Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin is now in the processing field. The firm now puts out a strained cranberry sauce, a whole cranberry sauce in syrup and cranberry juice cocktail. FRESH FROM (Continued From Page 6) .21 less than the normal for May. There has been some winter damage on cranberry bogs of New Jersey, but as of now bogs seem to be in good condition. The blue- berry crop appears to be some- what smaller than normal on the early varieties and above average on the mid-season and late ones. WISCONSIN May Dreary The merry month of May turned out to be just the opposite. It was cold, cloudy and plenty wet. Twenty days of the month some form of precipitation fell over a major part of the state and to make the month one of the most dreary on record, cloud cover blanketed the state in most locali- ties on all but five days of the entire month. Snow First of Month The month started out with freezing temperatures and dur- ing the period of the 7th to 10th all areas of the state received varying amounts of snow. Heaviest fell in the northwest where ten to twelve inches were reported. Temp- eratures were ten to twenty de- grees below normal during this storm period and most of the marshes re-flowed. Warm temp- eratures the middle of the month brought quick melting of the snows and the south and central marshes were plauged with flood condi- tions. Fortunately very few wash- outs were reported, but many of the secondary roads were impass- able. The next major precipitation fell the last of the month along with temperatures above normal. The balance sheet for the month reads as follows: temperatures 1 to 3 degrees below normal for the south and central and normal for the north along with twice the normal precipitation for most areas of the state or about six inches. The extended forecase for June was warm and wet. Weather Hampers Work Marsh operations were hamper- ed with the extremes in the weather. It was difficult to get two good days work in a rowj The only good feature of thia weather pattern were the ideal conditions for the application of solvent and the abscence of frosts the last half of the month. Some excellent results with solvent were observed where applications were made the third week of May. As mentioned in last months report, more solvent was being used than had been anticipated. One Wis. Rapids oil dealer expected to de- liver over 100,000 gallons with about %ths being applied ovei the top of the vines and the bal- ance under the vines. Fertilizer Applications Fertilizer applications were con- tinually delayed due to the wet vines and soggy beds. A number ox marshes were forced to apply their entire amounts by hand as mechan- ical spreaders were cutting the beds so badly and as of the end of the month damaging new growth. New plantings were de- layed and in some cases were abandoned for the year due to the inability to get the beds level Areas which were planted in sand did not have the problems as where peat or muck were involved Special Meeting The Wis. State Cranberry Grow- ers Ass'n. held a special meeting; at Wis. Rapids on the 18th at which time they were informed oi the details involving the USDA'; indemnification program. A meeting held that morning in thel Elks Club attracted over one hun- dred people. Representatives od the USDA and the Cranberry In- stitute were in attendance anc explained the program. Very few questions were asked and most growers seemed pleased with thf program, which will afford then- some financial assistance. Inspec- tion of the berries held in grower.' warehouses was to begin the thirc week in May and was expectec (Continued On Page 20) n fidjf^al^ ISSUE OF JUNE 1960 Vol. 25 - No. 1 \^ ^;^;S«*^»««Q^ .,,4. The tide has now turned for the cran- berry industry. The real turning point was the announcement of the Government that there would be partial indemnifica- tion for market losses sustained in the amino triazole scare of last season's mar- keting. Another favorable factor was the success of the nation-wide Easter sales promotion. All evidence points to the direction of a movement from grocery stores to homes of very considerable amounts of cranberry products. This marks a restoration of consumer confidence in cranberries again. Whole- sale and retail stocks have become some- what near normal. The amount of the recovery of confidence cannot be deter- mined very precisely. Some consumers have doubtless been permanently lost, or at least their cranberry trade has gone for some years. There have doubtless been new customers added because of the vast amount of cranberry publicity which has appeared in publica- tions of all kinds. It was indeed unfortunate that the marketing fiasco of last season had to occur at all. It was unnecessary in the first place. It was a blow the industry did not need, just when there was recovery from previous marketing troubles, and there seemed to be clear sailing ahead. The industry still has a long hard pull ahead. But there are encouraging signs. Distributors of cranberry products report their sales in general are better than they were some months ago. The industry will go into the 1960 marketing with a cleaner slate, apparently than it has in several years. Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. will resume its advertis- ing to consumers the country over with the opening of the 1960 pool. In mentioning all of those who were especially helpful in bringing about the Government indemnification program for cranberry growers, it is difficult to give credit to all of those who deserve it. As CLARENCE J. HALL Editor and Publisher EDITH S. HALL— Associate Editor Wareham, Massachusetts SUBSCRIPTIONS, $3.50 Per Year, FOREIGN, $4.50 CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin LEO A. SORENSON Craniberry Consultant Wisconsin Rapids Wisconsin Washington Dr. CHARLES C. DOUGHTY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. Oregon GRANT SCOTT Coquille, Ore. Massachusetts Dr. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. EDWARD K. KNAPP Barnstable County Agricultural Agent OSCAR S. JOHNSON Barnstable, Mass. New Jersey P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey we have learned of these names, we have attempted to give due credit. From Wisconsin comes word that Representatives Melvin Laird was extreme- ly active as a congressman and also Repre- sentative Lester Johnson was very helpful. We are pleased to add these names to the roster of those who helped bring about this result which will go a long way towards restoring the cranberry industry to the healthy position it was in before the cran- berry "scare" developed from the state- ments and actions of Secretary of Health, Education and Welfare Arthur S. Flem- ming. FRESH FROM (Continued From Page 18) to be completed in about a month. As mentioned eai'lier about half of the warehouses in the state had berries to be destroyed. Growers were anxious to get rid of the berries as their crates were water- logged and developing molds. FHA Loana To June first there were report- ed three growers in the state had received FHA emergency loans for a reported $50,000. Several other growers have applied for loans or will apply before the June 30 deadline. Blackheaded Fireworm First black headed fii'eworm were observed hatching the third week in May and early controls were expected to be applied prior to the end of the month. Overall populations were expected to be down as controls in past years have been most effective. Late Massachusetts The record of no frost warnings this spring in Massachusetts was broken the night of June 8, when a general alarm was issued. This was for probable frost 30 degrees. Vine development at that time could withstand 291/2. Lows of 27 were reported in Carver. However, there was plenty of water available and many grow- ers put on a quick flood taking the \\-ater off iinnieiliately. There was probably no damage — except to the frost record. An inland warning had gone out on the 7th. There were no warnings, except one or two inland warnings issued during- the entire months of April and May. June continued to be warm and generally pleasant. A plus of 22 degrees had been racked up to the 9th. WISCONSIN HEADQUARTERS FOR INSECTICIDES - FUNGICIDES HERBICIDES DUSTS - WETTABLE POWDERS - EMULSIONS Parathion Ferbam Malathion Dowpon I Liquid and Granular Weed and Brush Killers Hopkins Agricultural Chemical Co. P.O. BOX 584 MADISON, WIS. Phone Alpine 7-1019 i^ipilllHllliniiHIilHilllHlilll IIIIIBIIIH':IIII New Indian Trail Qualily Strained Cranberry Sauce Whole Cranberry Sauce in Syrup Cranberry Juice Cocktail Plus our regular line I, Twenty THE ONLY FERTILIZER FACTORY LOCATED IN THE WISCONSIN CRANBERRY AREA KICKAPOO FERTILIZERS Stevens Point FROZEN FRESH WHOLE CUANRER«t^ I IND8AN TRAIL iNC Wisconsin Rapids WISCONSEN P.O. Box 710 SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS FOR SALE SEARLES JUMBO HOWES, McFARLIN Vines for delivery in 1960 $125.00 Ton F.O.B. INTERESTED IN PURCHASING WISCONSIN CRANBERRY PROPERTIES Vernon Goldsworthy B.S. & M.S. University of Wisconsin Cranberry Consultant Fees Reasonable EAGLE RIVER WISCONSIN :~x;^''.a«X4^sXii^ DANA MACHINE & SUPPLY Co. V Wis. Rapids Wis. MF5S. of: SPRAY BOOMS GRASS CLIPPERS t FERTILIZER SPREADERS I Getsinger Retracto tooth pickers Dryers I I DISTR. of: i VEE BELTS & PULLEYS ROLLER CHAINS SPROCKETS & BEARINGS CONVEYOR BELTING STEEL Your Foreman Deserves A Subscription to Cranberries; too OUR PRODUCTS Cranberry-Pineapple Preserve Strained Cranberry Sauce Whole Cranberry Sauce Spiced Cransweets Cransweets Diced Cransweets Cranberry Apple Sauce Cranberry Chilli Sauce Cranberry Orange Relish Cran-Vari Cran-Beri Cranberry Puree Cran-Puri Cran-Bake Cranberry-Strawberry Preserve Cranberry-Raspberry Preserve Cranberry-Cherry Preserve Cranberry -Rhubarb Preserve Sliced and Whole Maraschino Cranberries Cranberry Products, Inc. EAGLE RIVER, WISCONSIN WISCONSIN CRANBERRY GROWERS are using more CORRUGATED Signature Fertilizer CULVERT PIPE ■ year after year and • Pelletized • Homogeneous FLOW GATES • Dustless • Free-Flowing • 50 lb. Bags FeikerSros. Mfg.Co. E. RAUH & SONS MARSHFIELD WISCONSIN FERTILIZER CO. Phone 230-231 Indianapolis & Plymouth, hd. YOU Are reading this ad. Others will read yours in CRANBERRIES Magazine CRANBERRY GROWERS:— YOUR Cranberry Institute Is Always Working For YOU It Is Working to Prevent Industry Troubles To promote the advancement of you and your distributing agencies and the industry as a whole CRANBERRY INSTITUTE South Duxbury Massachusetts VING A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY PE COD £W JERSEY t^lSCONSIN DREGON WASHINGTON CANADA THE GODDARDS, Harrison (left) and son H. Ernest. (Cranberries I'h 35 Cenfs JULY 1960 DIRECTORY For CRANBERRY GROWERS Wcrcester Paper Box Corporation MEDFORD, MASS. Td. MYstic 8-5305 Manufacturers of Folding Cartons and Displays WATER WHITE KEROSENE For use on Cranberry Bogs Also STODDARD SOLVENT Prompt Delivery Service Franconia Coal Co. — Inc. — Wareham, Mass. Tel. CY 5-0039 CRANBERRY GROWERS Choose and Use Niagara Dusts, Sprays and Dusters Niagara Chemical Division Food Machinery and Chemical Corporation Middleport, New York New England Plant and Warehouaa Ayer, Mass. Tel. Spruce 2-2365 Wareham Savings Bank Falmouth Branch Welcome Savings Account Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent PHONE CYpress 5-3800 Kimball 8-3000 The National Bank of Wareham Conveniently located for Cranberry Men Funds always available for sound loans Complete Banking Service i The ICHARLES W. HARRIS i Company I 26 Somerset Ave i North Dighton, Mass. I AMES ! Irrigation Systems I Sprinklers ! I j Weed killers n Insecticides = i Fungicides 1 j from I = Cal. Spray Chemical Company p ! Dupont Company P EQUIPMENT HAYDEN - SEPARATOR - WAREHAM, MASS. Irrigation Systems PUMPS SEPARATORS - BLOWERS SCREENHOUSE EQUIPMENT DARLINGTON PICKING MACHINES Member federal Deposit Insurance Corp. Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK ALFRED PAPPI Ai Screenhouses, Boss aaa Pumps Mezms Satisfactiea WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. CY 5-2000 SUBSCRIBE TC CRANBERRIES Retiring Director Chas. L, Lewis Is Honored By Co-op Has served Cranberry In- dustry for 50 Years, also resigning from Ocean Spray are L. S. Pink and John M. Potter. Chiarles L. Lewis, Shell Lake IVisconsin, first vice-president of Dcean Spmy Cmn/berries, Inc., vas presented with a gold watch md c o fm. m 0 r a t i V e plaque or 50 years of devoted service 10 the craniberry industiy at the fune 24ith meeting of Ocean Spray lirectors at Hanson, Mass. /Presentation was made by Ocean 5pray President George C. P. 01- on of Plymoutlh, Mass. and Rus- lell Makepeace, Marion, Mass., ecretary. The inscription read: "TO CHARLES L. LEWIS in recognition and appreciation of 50 years of devoted service to cranberry growers and the in- dustry. As a pioneer in the de- velopaneint of orderly marketing procedure, a steadfast advocate of the primary importance of quality, a diligent worker in the promotion of understanding and harmony between groups and areas, and as a dedicated officer and constructive mem- ber of our Board of Directors, you have earned and will always own our profound respect and affection." Mr. Lewis's retirement will be- come effecttive August 17 when members pf the Ocean Spray cooperative will elect the 1960-61 board at annual meeting of stock- holders in Hanson. A cranberry grower for half a century, with marshes in Wash- burn County, Mr. Lewis is also vice president of the Shell Lake Boat Company. He is a director of the Shell Lake hospital; he has Touraine Painfs Hardware SANDVIK SCYTHES (ALSO CALLED FINNISH SCYTHES) CARVER SUPPLY CO. UNioN 6-4480 Carver, Mass. ELECTRICITY Works For You With The Throw Of A Switch It Is Clean, Efficient - Releases Men For Other Bog Work Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM — PLYMOUTH Tel Wareham 200 Tel PIlgrim 6-1300 served as chairman of the county- school commission, direcitor of the Shell Lake State Bank and has been active in the chamber of commerce and church boards. He is a recipient of the distinguished service award from the University of Minnesota. IHe has served three terms as first vice-president of Ocean Spray and was a director of MIDDLEBOROUCH TRUST COMPANY MIDDLEBORO MASS. Member of The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation FOR BETTER PEST CONTROL Use these reliable generaNhemical products: GENERAL CHEMICAL DIVISION 40 Rector Street, New York 6, N. Y. Ocean Spray of Canada, Ltd. Also resigning from the 24- meniber board because of in- creased demands on their time from other business interests were Lawrence S. Pink, Middleboro, Mass. and John M. Potter, Port Edwards, Wisconsin. Both grow- ers were presented desk pens from the board in appreciation of tlheir contribution to the coop- erative and the cranberry industry. Executive Vice-Presidenit and G«nei-al Manager Ambrose E. Stevens commended the three hon- ored directors on their leadership, sound judgement and devotion to service. "You will be greatly missed from our family of di- rectors," he said. CHESTER A. VOSE Chester Andrew Vose, former prominent cranberry grower and active in Massachusetts cranberry circles died June 21 at his home on County Road, Marion, Mass., after a long illness. He was 75. He was president of Cape Cod Cranbei-ry 'Grower's Association in 1937 and 1938. He served on var- f "^i NEW BURLAP BAGS for your PICKING MACHINES MADE TO ORDER WHITMAN BAG CO. WN18IMAN, MASS. Peter B. Berman Tel. JUniper 3-6466 OR WARwick 5-2618 ious committees and was in charge of the frost warning service. Mr. Vose was a graduate of Tabor Academy, Marion and at- tended the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He was the son of the late Benjamin F. Vose and husband of Mrs. Florence (Hen- drickson) Vose. He leaves his widow and one daughter, Mrs. E. Fiske Mabbett of Plymouth. He had been a member of the CRANBERRY PICKING BOXES Shocks, or Nailed Let me repair your broken boxes — or repair them yourself. Stock Always on Hand F. H. COLE Tel. Union 6-3330 North Carver, Mass. Marion Board of Public Works; a past master of Typhagorian Lodge, A. F. & A. M., past patron of Alcyone Chapter. He was a member of Beta Pi Fraternity and the Marion Grange. He was also a member of the board of trustees of the Lower Village Improve- ment Society, Marion Natural History Museum, Elizabeth Tabor Library Association and Marion Boy Scout Camp. A Good Flume Is Your Insurance For A Good Crop 2 CARLOADS ALL HEART REDWOOD NOW IN TRANSIT Planking - Square Edged or Matched 2x6 — 2x8 — 2x10 — 2x12 LET US ESTIMATE YOUR FLUME AND BUILDING NEEDS E. W. Goodhue Lumber Co., Inc. MIDDLEBORO ROAD EAST FREETOWN, MASS Phones Rockwell 3-8811 — Middleboro 127.5 E El a B B ■ 'E!ll!H!il!HI!M B F Aerial Spraying and Dusting aSso Fertaiizing We Specialize In Parathion Applications both Sprays and Dusts MARSHFIELD AIRWAYS, INC. Marshfield, Mass. Thos. S. Weitbrecht (Whitey) Temple 4-7818 Mass. Cranberry Station and Field Notes by J. RICHARD BEATTIE Extension Cranberry Specialist Massachusetts growers are ex- periencing a rather unusual sea- son. Little or no winter damage has been observed. Frost losses have been negligible, with the smallest number of "warnings" issued in many years. Insect ac- tivity has been lighter than nor- mal. Conditions have been ideal for the pollination for both "early" and "late" water properties. Rain- fall, while less than normal, from May through July 13 has come at timely intervals. The combined results of these factors favor a good corp this fall. However, the fickleness of New England weather could change the prospects of a good crop between now and Se(p- tember. We will remember the excellent crop potential of early July, 1952, and the terrific loss of berries suffered because of heat and drought that occurred in the next few weeks. This situation could be repeated — in fact, some |bogs are beginning to show signs jof drought as we go to press (July 13). Growers have already Ibegun using portable and station- |ery irrigation equipment and have Iraised the water in their ditches. jiFortunately, water supplies are jireasonably good as we approach Ijthe critical weeks ahead. jl While insect and frost activity .has been light, the weed problem continues to be most aggravating on many properties. Certain [recommendations had to be dis- |continued until proper clearance jcould be obtained. We refer par- jticularly to the use of 2, 4-D on jbogs as a wiping treatment for :three-square and loosetrife, and to I the use of sodium arsenate as a idefolient for wild bean. Both jshemicals bave had to be omitted [from the weed chart and cannot ^e recommended on bogs this Iron sulfate has been cleared for use on cranberry bogs and growers received the following circular in late June from their county agents outlining the ap- proved recommendations: "IRON SULFATE has been placed on the list of chemicals exempted from tolerance require- ments when used according to good agricultural practies. Clear- ance for its use on cranberry bogs was received from the Food and Drug Administration Wednesday, May 11, 1960. On June 13, 1960, under Federal Registration 288- 226, iron sulfate was accepted by U.S.D.|A. The following schedule is a supplement to the 1960 Weed Control Chart. April to Mid-May Haircap Moss — recommenda- tions: Iron Sulfate, 20 lbs. sq. rod. (11/4 oz. per. sq. ft.) Sphagnum Moss — recommend- ations. Iron Sulfate, 50 lbs. per sq. rod (3 oz. per sq. ft.) or 4 parts iron sulfate to 1 part salt at 20 lbs. per sq. rod (IM, oz. of mixture per sq. ft.) Mid-May and June Needle Grass — recommend- ations: Iron Sulfate, 40 lbs. per sq. rod (see note). Pitchforks — recommendations: Iron Sulfate, 20 lb. per sq. rod (see note) or 1 Lb. in 1 gal. water, 400 gals, per acre up to June 10. Sand Spurrey Tear Thumb — recommendations: Iron Sulfate 20 lbs. per sq. rod (see note). Asters recommendations; Iron Sulfate 50 lbs. per sq. rod (see note). June through July Royal Fern — recommendations: Iron Sulfate and Salt 9 to 1 and apply small amount to each plant. Cinnamon Fern, same as Royal Fern. Sensitive Fern and Feather Fern — recommendations: Iron Sulfate 35 lbs. per sq. rod or small amount to each plant (see note). Marsh St. John's wort, and Cinquefoil — recommendations: Iron Sulfate 50 lbs. per sq. rod (see note). NOTE — IRON SULFATE (ferrous) in excess of 20 lbs. per sq. rod may kill newly set vines or mature vines when they have been sanded within 18 months. Rain must follow the application R. F. MORSE & SON West Wareham, Mass., Tel. CY 5-1553 Cranberry Growers Agent For Eastern States Farmers' Exchange Insecticides - Fertilizers - Fungicides Bog Service and Supplies Agent for Wiggins Airways Helicopter Spray and Dust Service DEPENDABLE ECONOMICAL SERVICE within 10 days, or the bog must be spi'inkled with water to make it effective. If 9 parts of iron sulfate are mixed with 1 part of salt, rain or sprinkling is unneces- sary." August will soon be here and the annual task of estimating the size of the croip. The value of reliable crop reports is obvious. We urge growers who x-eceive the crop reporting forms from Mr. C. D. Stevens office in Boston to take the necessary time to care- fully estimate their crop and re- turn the valuable information to his office. The 73rd Annual Meeting ol th? Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association will be held Tuesday, August 23, at the Cranberry Ex- periment Station, beginning at 10 a.m. The final details of the meeting have not been completed but it is expected that the pro- gram will include guided tours of the State Bog, machinery and equipment exhibits, reports of sta- tion staff members, and the crop report by Mr. iStevens. President Gilbert Beaton invites all cran- berry growers and their familie? to attend this meeting. READ CRANBERRIES MISS STILLMAN IS PROMOTED IN AGENCY Miss Ellen Stillman, Hanson, Mass. a director of Ocean Spray has been appointed vice president of Kenyon & Eckhardt, a national advertising agency where she is employed in the Boston office. Miss Stillman recently returBeid from a trip around the world in 40 days. She visited Tokyo. Hong Kong, Bombay, Cairo, Athens and other far-away places. Western Pickers Parts and Repairs Agent for 1960 Model ORDER NOW J. E. BRALEY & SON MACHINE SHOP 78 Gibbs Ave. Wareham, Mass. HAVE YOUR REPAIRS DONE NOW Brewer & Lord INSURANCE 40 Broad Street, Boston, Mass. ARTHUR K. POPE CONVERSE HILL WILLIAM B. PLUMER ROBERT A. SULLIVAN EDWARD H. LEARNARD HORACE H. SOULE CHARLES M. CUTLER EBEN A. THACHER HERBERT R. LANE VINCENT M. WILSON JOHN B. CECILL, JR. Serving the People of New England Since 1859 PREFABRICATED FLUMES SEE RUSSELL A. TRUFANT HYDRAULIC CONSULTANT PREFABRICATED FLUMES BOG RAILROADS UNION 6-3696 North Carver, Mass. 1 ^^,H^^*eHALCRA.B«..„,^^^^^^ Issue of July 1960 - Vol. 25 No. 3 Published monthly at The' Courier Print Shop, Main St.. W^ireham, Massachusett.s. Second Class Postaae Paid at Wareham, Massachusetts Post Subscriptions $3.50 per year. Office. RESH FROM THE FIELDS Compiled by C. J. H. MASSACHUSETTS June Dry June was a hot and dry month, 'ollowing a warm and dry May. Elainfall as recorded at Massachu- setts Cranberry Station was only 1.99 inches as compared to a nor- mal 3.21. Rain feill on 11 days witlh 1 trace of a 12tth. May should have bad 3.18 inches so the deficiency as July began was considerahle for the two-month period. Warmer Month exceeded the normal in temperatures by 65 degrees. As June ended and July began bogs seemed to be set for a beau- tiful crop, the only black cloud on the horizon of any consequence was there were no black rain clouds and conditions were m^uch drier than desirable. The month of June was a beau- tiful one for the coming crop. Sel- idom, if ever had Massachusetts such a bloom as on the crop of 1960. It was being compared to the bloom of 1987 when a 750,000 baiTel crop was being spoken of as in prospect - when the severe drought came along. Bloom Week Early ,; Early waiter bloom was full at the end of June about a week earlier than noi-mal, and berries were encouragingly seitting promptly. Late water was coming along fine. Bees Abundant Wild Bees were fully abundant as normal, althougOi not exception- ally so, apparently insuring a good pollination. Water supplies were adequate, and some sprinkling and ditch irrigation was being Insects Not Abnormal Insects were not abnormal, with quite a few leafhoppers showing up, spanworm and blackheaded fireworm. Gn'oweis, however, were getting after insects and on good schedule. The lack of rain was a help as chemicals were not washed off. Weeds Heavy Weeds were rather heavy on many bogs, and growers were re- verting to a good deal of clip- ping. Frost Damage Frost damage during all the spring was put down at Cranbeaiy Station as a smiall fraction of one percent. 'Only two warnings went out, one the nig-'ht of June 8 when there was frost but most g-rowers flooded and again on the 11th with no frost developing as a wanning trend came in. There were, however, many nights w'hen the figuring was very close, and a drop of a degree or two from what was reached would have caused injury. There was some um- brella development. Bloom Good, All Counties The excellent bloom was notice- able in both Plymouth and Nor- folk counties and in Biam.&table on the Gape. In fact some bogs wihich had been abandoned or practically so were Iheavy with blossom. There was talk, entirely "unofficial" of a crop getting up as high as 750,000 barrels, assuming that conditions are favorable the re- mainder of the season. The bloom C. & L. EQUIPMENT CO. 191 LEGMA^D STREET AOISHrttT, MASS. Craiifeerry Bog Service PRUNING FERTILIZING RAKING WEED TRIMMING iaohinery Sales PRUNERS POWER WHEELBARROWS RAKES WEED TRIMMERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS - Large & Small For Further Informatim CaH . . F. P. CRANDON Rockwell 3-5526 N. C. LEONARD Wyman 3-4332 C. J. TRIPP Wyman 4-4601 Fiyp was an excellent, and 'healthy one. WASHINGTON Joins Station Staff A2111I Shawa has recently joined the staff of the Cranben*y Blue- ben-y Station at Long Beach as a scientific worker. He takes the position held by Edwin Carpenter, who resig-ned, and plans to do gi^aduate study work at Michigan State University. Mr. Shawa has been employed at the Washington State University, Iri'igation Ex- periment Station at Prosser fox the past year. June a Good Month The weather during June was fairly good. Minimum tempera- ture was 42 with a high of 68. There was quite a reduction in rain with an accumulation of 1.42 inches, most of whiclh fell in three days the 14 through the 16th. Minimum humidity was 68. Not Too Encouraging Cranberry bogs were coming into W'ooim nicely toward the end of June, hut their development this yeaa- was very slow because of cold weather. Some bogs took vei-y good but others not so good. There was a very g'ood set of buds, but at end of June the crop didnU look too nice. OREGON Almost Ideal June Oregon Cranberry growers ex- perienced almost ideal weather conditions during the month of June. Some fireworim infestation reported around edges of certain bogs but as a rule most crops are free of the pest. SHARON BOX COMPANY, INC. ESTABLISHED lSb6 SHARON, MASSACHUSETTS We Will Buy Your White Pine Logs, Either Standing or Cut • Highest Prices Paid • Sawmill located at North Carver, Mass. Stop in at North Carver, or Phone Sharon, Sunset 4-2021 Hold full flavor in your cranberry pack ♦^♦CORN PRODUCTS COMPANY Manufacturers of fine products for the food industry ...and popular Best Foods Division grocery brands for the consumer. Solution For Fireworm Roy Oliver of Bandon ha- ; pet solution to his fireworm pjo blem. Roy encourages the residenc; of swallows around his bog- bj nailing up as many bird house and hatches as possible. He ha observed for sonietime that the:-- birds make periodic daily raid on the fireworm in the bogs. I seems that nature's way has som merit in solving a serious pro blem. At any rate, Roy Oliver i satisfied within his own min that it has. Jerry Allinger has his pet ide. on the subject, too. He encourage: wasps to build nests - at a safe dis tance of course. His experience is that wasps find the fireworr; a tasty treat. Any other idea:, anyone ? Work is underway with tri; plots of I. P. C. spirayed vines \ o'btain information that will lea to get both I. P. C. and Chloro ; I. P. C. registered for use as ' corbicide. Used under proper coi ditions Chloro - I. P. C. has showi itself to be a very good herbicide| WISCONSIN June Very Rainy June's weather pattern was a :"ost a carbon copy of Api weather with showers coming some degree about every oth' day during the entire month, was extremely rare to have tv successive days without a showt The temperature in turn stay< on the cool side, but the depa: ture from normal was not gref! Precipitation amounts varied co siderably due to the fi-eque; shower activity but all cranber: areas received above normal " mounts, some almost double nci mal. f With this type of weather p? tern there was little chance frost and the month went without any actual frost con( tions, although there two war" ings issued the middle of month. The month was quite c fecient in sunlight, although r as bad as May. The extendi forecast for July was for cool a wet, which is a continuation (Continued on Page 14) H. Ernest Goddard Is A Third Generation Massachusetts Grower Achie'^^Jt s !ife of coajitry gentleman cranberry grower at Plymouth property; His parents, Mr. and Mrs. Harrison Goddard spend Summers there — His wife **Maggi" a real rrarberry ''man," having charge of all-women harvest crew^. BY CLARENCE J. HALL What is about as close as possible — at least in Massachusetts — to dchieving the life of a "country gentleman cranberry grower" is now peing lived by H. Ernest Goddard and his wife "Maggi". Also, during Ihe harvest season, by his parents Mr. and Mrs. Harrison F. Goddard, :the former a well known grower since 1926. ' The Goddards, as a family enterprise own, and operate the Goddard Bogs, two properties. The one where the younger Goddards live is on Beaver Dam Road, Manomet, a part of Plymouth. The other is on arver Street in the Rocky Meadow section of Middleboro. ;. The younger Mr. Goddard man- iges both properties. At Beaver Dam the Goddards i ave a rather old, but remodeled lome of country cottage type. This s light at bogside, unlike the inajority of Massachusetts grow- ■2rs homes. There are big, tall L-hade trees, and Japanese pines •\ave been set out. Also several jioUy trees, a former sheep barn, i;heds and a building previously jsed as a screenhouse but now ::cnvGrted to garage and storage. 3igns say "Keep off the Grass" round the "home" portion of the ^og. Near the house, placed close 3y the bog are picnic tables and cenches, lawn table and comfort- jable chairs. The Goddards can =it, eat out, when they find time, and watch their crop grow and mature. f'ractical Operations of the Bogs This may sound impractical, but there is nothing impractical about the operation of the bogs. On a total of about 50 acres, they say, they are now achieving an aver- jage of 60 barrels to the acre, IvvhicH is above the Massachusetts ^average. Ernest, like his dad is .definitely mechanically inclined, ^|and everything that can be ^jmechanically done is being done — j;pr will be so eventually. j{ The original bog property was ^jstarted in Manomet by Ernest's j|?randfather, the late Ernest L. Sampson about 75 years ago, and this formed the nucleus of the I properties the Goddards now operate. Harrison took over the management upon the death of Mr. Sampson in 1927. Ernest was made manager when his father retired in 1957. 25 Acres at Beaver Dam The original Sampson bog was about 12 acres, but two years ago an adjoining bog owned by Mrs. Elizabeth (Snell) Johnson, daugh- ter of the late William Snell was purchased, bringing the total at Beaver Dam to approximately 25 r^rps. It is the old Snell home, a (part of the original house being quite old, which the Goddards now occupy. These bogs, together with a 17-acre piece owned by Robert and Clement Briggs of Plymouth make up the whole of Beaver Dam swamp. This is a spring fed area and is the source of Beaver Dam Brook, originally consisting of "brown brush" and "maple swamp", and considered one of the nicest type of bog grow- ing land. To the west lie the Pine Hills of Plymouth, heavily wooded until a forest fire a few years ago. They make a backdrop to the bogs, these rather abrupt hills, which Harri- son says in Florida would be called "mountains". Not Frosty Location This Beaver Dam bog cannot be frost flooded, although it can be covered for winter protection. However, it is only about a mile from Cape Cod Bay and is not considered a frosty location. Ac- cording to Ernest there has only been one really bad frost and that was about 40 years ago, altho it can be cold in the spring and because of that, water is usually held late. This bog is set to about two- LIBERTY CROP DUSTS For Aircraft Application are available on the Cape from R. C. MOBSMAN Horticultural Sales 30 South Main Street West Bridgewater, Massachusetts Tel. JUniper 3-9112 representing The HUBBARD-HALL CHEMICAL CO. General Offices: Waterbury, Conn. iSevej» 'Ernest takes momentary ease in one of the chairs by bog side. (Cranberries Photo) thirds Howes and one-third Early Blacks. The sand is not of the finest bog quality, in general, but iby opening new pits, there has so far been an adequate supply of reasonably good sand. The Middleboro Bog The Middleboro bog on the con- trary, has a good water supply and can be frost flowed. The original layout here was built by one Nathaniel Shurtleff and con- sisted of eight acres. It was pur- chased by Mr. Sampson and the late Robert C. Swift in 1923 and was then known as the Sampson & Swift bog. With subsequent pur- chases this Middleboro property was expanded to a 200 acre tract with 25 acres of bearing bog and some 25 to 50 acres suitable for bog development. It was acquired in the entirety by the Sampson interests about 1934 in an exchange of other bog property owned jointly with Mr. Swift. This bog like that at Beaver Dam is approximately two- thirds Howes the remainder Early Blacks except for about an acre of Black Veils. Flowage is by pump with gravity drainage into Eight a 12 acre resevoir with a 10 ft. head of water. E. Ernest Goddard H. Ernest Goddard was born in Plymouth, Mass. on May 27, 1927, attended Plymouth High School, leaving for the armed forces he served in the infantry, stationed at Fort Wheeler, Macon, Georgia. Brought up in a cranberry atmos- phere it was almost inevitable that he became a cranberry grower — of the third generation. "All I know is cranberries", he says. "I wanted to be a cranberry grower." "He has been around bogs since he can remember," says Harrison. "He began to work for me as a little shaver. At one time he kept ?n account book, and in it are such notations as 'Daddy owes me 25 cents.' and 'Worked for Daddy to- day, 25 cents Paid'. "That was what I paid him 25 cents a day — when he was small." Ernest has a sister Jeanette (Mrs. Roy A. Engler) who lives with her husband and three chil- dren in Austin, Texas. On December 4, 1954 Ernest was married to Miss Marguerite Bar- clay of Brookline and Chicago She attended school in and arounc the latter city, majoring in Homi Economics. Mrs. Goddard, known by he friends as "Maggi" says when sb was married all that she knev about cranberries was, "Cran berries were something that cam in a can". (Editor's note, moder: thinking, the can for food.) Maggi, Real Cranberry "Man" "Now I know a whole lot bet ter," she adds. "Maggi" has be come a real cranberryman in th short space of time since 1954 an is much interested in the bogs an cranberry growing in general. It is she who has direct chai-g of all picking operations, under th direction, of course, of Ernest. The Goddard Bog Company has battery of no less than nine West ern Pickers, if one breaks dow there is no waiting for repairs. '^Maggi" has an all-girl harves crew, no men, which has caused good deal of interest. This pas fall there was a crew of eigfc women operators. Some of thes have attended the cranberry picl ing schools as has "Maggi". Thi Ernest Stands beside the step is probably the only all-women crew in Massachusetts. "Why all women?" "Maggi" answers. "We find it more efficient and more econom- ical, not because we pay them less. We pay the going rate for men operators, but with the shortage of good male help for seasonal work, it is ideal for married women with families, who want to miake some extra dollars for the Christmas holidays. Women Get "Every" Berry "First, perhaps because they are women, they hate waste. They want to get every berry. They pick very clean, which is economy. Secondly, they are easier on the vines and on the machines. This may be because as women they haven't the physical strength to be rough and tear up vines and damage the machines." "We try to use local women as much as possible, because we be- lieve in using local labor when feasable, and it eliminates a great of the bog vehicle he designed. deal of waiting at bogside for the bogs to dry, as they can be alerted in 15 to 20 minutes. Also on days when it is possible to get in only 1 or 2 hours late in afternoon, they are available." "We also prefer married women whose children are in school, and M^ho want only seasonal work. Al- though it is incidental it is inter- esting to note the interest of their children in cranberries and cran- berry products." 'As the twig is bent so grows the tree.' "One of our women has been with us three years, and another, two years. Believe there will be little change in our crew for next year, as all operators want to leturn. They take a personal pride in clean harvesting." '^Maggi" can and does upon oc- casion operate a machine herself, and instructs the new operators. Besides directing the crew, she does the hiring and keeps the time sheets for the picking operations. The Goddards have no year- (Cranberries Photo) round help, the burden of manage- ment of the bogs and much of the work falling on Ernest. He does his own frost work on the Middleboro bog, but often as not "Maggi accompanies him. "I guess she's afraid I'll fall in a ditch or something," says Ernest. "But then she's interested herself personally in about every part of our cranberry operations and bog management." A Few "Firsts" The Goddards modestly boast of a few "firsts" in the industry. One may be this same all-women pick- ing crew. One definitely is, that it was on the Goddard bog — at Middleboro — that the Western Picker was first used in Massachusetts. When Rudy Hillstrom came East with the picker he had to find a bog on which to try the machine out, but everywhere he went the growers were reluctant to offer their bogs for demonstrations. Harrison offered several acres. "That first Nine "Maggi" Goddard is a real cranberry "man". (CRANBERRIES Photo) machine was pretty rough on the untrained vines," says Harrison, "but somebody had to provide acreage for experimentation if machine picking was to progress." Others offered acreage later on the same year. Another and very important step towards the future is, that the Goddards have been the first and only grov/ers to use "bulk" delivery of cranberries to the pro- cessing plant. This was in 1958 and to the Ocean Spray Plant at Onset. They were fortunate to pick up three trailer dumps and two "Horses" which had been especially made for a collector of garbage who failed, and were like new. These could hold 250 barrels of cranberries each. The body was lined with plywood so that the berries would not come in contact with metal. They had screenhouses then at both bogs, but had the misfortune to have two fires in rather rapid succession in which both were burned. The one at Middleboro has since been replaced, and con- sists of a one-story two-level cement block building, which can easily be converted to the handling of "Bulk" cranberries when and if needed. Plans have been made to con- struct a repair shop and garage on the old foundation at Beaver Dam. They were screening their own fruit. The berries were carried ashore in the picking bags from the Westerns and dumped in the hoppers, run through the separat- ors and hand screened. Then a conveyor belt carried them direct- ly into the body of the trucks. No hands touched the berries except in screening, and no boxes wera necessary. "Bulk" Handling This made big savings in labor and in time, also eliminated boxes." Ernest continues. "At the Onset plant the berries could be handled in several ways. There was a modern 40-foot Fairbanks scale which automatically printed the weights and on which I could drive the truck, that is, backing on. After weighing they could be dumped in a bin which was built at the end of the scales, then taken by conveyor to the freezer, or diverted for fresh use, or they could be sent directly through the washing process to the cookin^- ksttles. The empty trailer truck was again weighed thus gi^^ng the exact weight of the screened berries delivered, with no guess work or estimating. "There was another method avail- able for "bulk" handling which consisted of a 6" flexible pipeline with powerful suction. In about a half hours time this would sucli out the entire load of 250 barrels directly to the cooking kettles thru the same washing process. Both these installations were primarily set up for the handling of outside freezer berries by Ocean Spray's own trailer truck. "This handling process offers great savings at both ends for the grower and the recei\ing plant. It worked out perfectly, but I was not permitted to use this method in 1959 out of fairness to other growers, as Ocean Spray has not yet the facilities for 'bulk' handling for all members. The 1958 operations were done on an experimental basis, and it proved successful." Ernest has made a three-wheeled bog rig to haul berries ashore, perhaps the first, but found this marked up the bog by continued travelling over the same tracks, The Goddard Residence. beneath its shade trees at Beaver Brook. and it has been his observation that it is not necessarily the v^^eig^ht but rather the excessive travelling over the same area that does the dam- age. By using larger tires (Air- plane type) to distribute the pres- sure over a greater surface, larger loads can be carried, with less trips and consequently less dam- age to the vines. He now^ has a big four-wheeler of his own making and was very much pleased with its performance, and feels it has great possibilities, (see picture) Regular Sanding Program The Goddards believe in a reg- ular sanding program and are ivorking towards getting into a schedule where one third of the 3ogs are sanded every year. They have been using sanding jalopies, but last fall Ernest made a sand .spreader, which is unique in its ^construction, he is now anxious to put it to practical use to determine ;its real value to the industry. fertilizer (pellets) spread by heli- copter. The Goddards, as it is, are rather unusually mechanized. They have their own kerosene tank truck, which is unusual. They have a panel body service truck, to take care of equipment, a tractor with front end loader, plus the other equipment mentioned. Ernest Tinkers with Machinery Ernest, while in high school, took a mechanical course, and as one of the projects, the class com- pletely overhauled a 6 h.p. Fair- banks Morse stationery engine from his fathers bog. Then he worked one winter in a garage in Plymouth to give him further mechanical knowledge. Asked what his hobby was, he replied, "I guess it is working on and developing things mechanical, particularly if they pertain to cranberry growing." That he spends all his spare time "tinker- ing" with some piece of machinery, They also make heavy use of trying for improvement, is corrob- ( Cranberries Photo) orated by "Maggi". The Goddards, like so many growers today realize that mechanization is the salva- tion of the cranberry industry. "I can visualize the day" says Ernest, "when cranberry opera- tions will be so completely mech- anized that "Maggi" and I can do all the bog operations necessary the year round, except for the harvest." For the past two years Ernest and "Maggi" have attended the Eastern States Exposition at West Springfield. There they did good cranberry promotion work at the cranberry exhibit, explaining the industry from the viewpoint of actual growers. One project in which they have been especially interested was started three years ago, and con- sists of the renovation of about an acre of bog at Middleboro. This was done by pruning and training the vines with the Western Picker after harvest, plus fertilizer and irrigation. "Now we have some 'beautiful vines coming along, after three years," says "Maggi". Both "Maggi" and Ernest believe that the security of the future of the cranberry industry is assured. First by the mechanization of a large portion of the bog operations. Second by the continued re- search of the Massachusetts Ex- periment Station at East Ware- ham, to keep us abreast of the times, in the control of insects. weeds and fertilization. Thirdly by the constructive co- operative program in which Ocean Spray is now embarked upon, particularly the recent surveys to expidite deliveries by growers to the processing plants, such as "bulk" deliveries, and other meth- ods to save labor and expense in handling the berries, all of which is beneficial to its members. Photo shows a portion of a bed in Wisconsin which had been skipped by the solvent application showing where grass was not killed as Stoddard did not hit. CRANBERRIES PROVIDES A NEEDED MEDIUM OF INFORMATION FOR ALL GROWERS MUCH STODDARD IN WISCONSIN With certain Iheribicides not to be used this season Wisconsin gi-owers have had to revise iiheir methods of weed control, as have growei's in other areas. Weed clippers were again in use and a ti-emendous amount of stoddard solvent was used. Most growers obtained good results. Some of the miaterial was ap- plied) with an vmder-the-vine sprayer rig. To pull the boom takes about three men for a four- teen foot swath. Dana Madhine & Supply Com)pany of Wisconsin Raipdds, Wisconsin has developed a power sulky. This enaibles one man on the handles to do the work of three. The Stoddiard has to be applied so that it covers every part of the marsh to be effective, which 13 rather difficult with tlhe under- vine boom, as shofwti by the ac- companying photograph. qqins ^irivau. ' ' NORWOOD. MASS. I DUSTING and SPRAYING CRANBERRY COOLER IN WASHINGTON In his office at Washinsgton, Massachusetts U. S. Representa- tive Hastings Keith has a cooler filled with cranbeorry juice for the refreshment of his visitors. During one peak day there were 200 visi- tors who dranV the cocktail. SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES RAY MORSE, Agent TEL. CY 5-3928 FOR SALE 6-Acre Cranberry Bog, with crop, in Pembroke, Mass. Good Water supply. Good Producer. For further infor- mation, tel. CY 3-2674. Mrs. E. D. Turner, Plymouth St., Pembroke, Mass. Twelve ,rt\ Power sulky pulls 14 inch under-vine boom on the Whittlesley Marsh at Cranmoor, with Newell Jasperson at the controls. WISCONSIN MAY HAVE 375,000 TO 400,000 BARRELS From Wisconsin comes an esti- mate from a usually well-informed source that the Wisconsin harvest will probably be in the neighbor- hood of 375,000 to 400,000 barrels, less, as expected, than the ibumper of last year. Crop is reported to be about a week be- hind normal in development. Weather turned out more favorable the first part of July and was good for pollination. There were many bumble bees which are excellent pollinators. A few small berries were set by July 12th. WISCONSIN MEET AUGUST 13 Annual summer meeting of Wisconsin State Cranberry /Grow- ers' Association is to be held Sat- urday, August 13, 10 a.m. at the Thiele Cranberry Corporation, east of Wisconsin Rapids on High- way 54. The morning program will include the call to order by Presiddent John Potter, a talk, "The Herbicide Situation in Wis- consin," by Dr. M. N. Dana, Uni- versity of Wisconsin; "Report on Fungicides," by Dr. Don Boone, department of plant pathology. University of Wisconsin and "A Report from Massachusetts," Dr. Chester E. Cross, head of Mass- achusetts Cranberry Experiment Station. There will be a question period, lunch and the afternoon session will include introductions by Pres- ident Potter and a gues't sipeaker, Hon. Melvin R. Laird, Congress- man. Subscribe To Cranberries TO TRY 7-FOOT PICKING SWATH IN WISCONSIN To get a wider swatlh. and to pull more weight of berries this coming fall, the Dana. Machine and Supply Company of Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin has a larger tractor with four-wheel drive. Two Geitsinger picking heads will be pulled by this, the pair picking a seven-foot width of berries. Tractor will be able to pull two of the "pallet" picking boats, or approximately 3,000 pounds of berries at a time. This is for one time acroEis the bed, with the crop's Wisconsin Ihas been averag- ing in late years. Lawrence Dana, propraetor of the Dana company, says he is certain that if the pallet boxes, or boats, are stacked in the ware- house properly and a large fan is insitalled there will not be storage difficulties. Experiments fwere tried last year without air and there was not too mucb, difference between these and berries stored in shallow boxes. There is some skepticism if the berries will keep as well in the deep boxes, but Mr. Dana de- clares the keeping quality of HAIL IS ON THE WAY WATCH OUT, MR. GROWER PROTECT YOUR PRODUCTION COSTS If you had a loan and lost your crop by hail you would still have to pay — let Hail Insurance do this for you. Our new policy protects the berries and vines against hail and fire from the time the water is off in the Spring until after harvest. CRANBERRY RATES ARE LOW For further information write or call: Alvin R- Reid Main Street, Hanson, Mass. Cypress 3-6336 Cypress 3-6441 fnxit in the deep boxes will have to be proven through "trial and error." Dana is convinced that with production Wisconsin grow- ers hiave been obtaining, operations will have to be on a larger scale and mechanically done. "TWIG" AND "TIP" BLIGHT IN WASHINGTON A considerable amount of twig blight has shown up on the Wash- ington cranberry bogs, particular- ly in the Grayland area, "The Cranlberry Vine," publication of Pacific County, Agricultural Serv- ice declai-es. It says there is a great deal to learn about blight on cranberries which is not yet known. The bligfht shows up in two forms. One of these, for the purpose of identification it suggests be called "tip blight," and the other "twig blight". The tip blight is caused by the funigi of lophodermium oxycocci and' is the most nommon and wide spread. This blight starts mostly on the tips of uprights and works down the tip. The leaves and stems are killed and turn a reddish brown iolor, the leaves remained attached to the stem. The spores of the blight ripen and are spread about July 15th through most of August. To prevent infection with tip blight and about the only tlhing that can be done for this disease, is to spray the vines starting the middle of July and repeating at 10 day intervals until danger of infection is over. According to Dr. Folk Johnson, good control can be anticipated by spraying with either Maneb iy2-2 lbs. in 100 gallons of water, or by using 6 lbs., of wettable sulphur in 100 gallons of water. The twig blight is caused mainly by Guignardis vaccini and Sporo- nema ocycocci. This bight appears to cause the leaves to drop from the stem startng at the lower end and working up. Infected areas apipear to be defoliated with only a small whirl of leaves on the end of the tip. Eventually the whole upright or runner dies. This blight seems to be mostly con- fined to sipotted areas, but may be- Fourte'en come general throughout a bog. The uprights and runners with this blight take on a grey ap- pearance and the bark looks shredded. This blight is most dif- ficult to control. The reason for this is that the organism produces spores practic- ally all win)ter long and hence they infect and re-infect constant- ly all during the late win/ter and early spring. In addition to that the fungi can aittack the fruit and so there is a carry-over of in- oculation from the fallen fruit left to decay on the ground. It would require two or three appli- cations of fungicide beginning in February and continuing at least once a month using li/^-2 pounds Meneb. In the dormant stage one should use 3 lbs. of Man^b in 100 gals, of water. INDIAN TRAIL OPENS AT WISCONSIN DELLS Indian Trail, Inc. this summer has opened a store at Wisconsin Dells, to expose Indian Trail cran- beiTy products to approximately a million and a half tourists wbo visit the Dells each season. Indian Trail is serving and selling cran- beri-y juice cocktail, strained and whole sauce and also frozen cran- berry with orange plus other items. COMING 'EVENTS Annual stocknoiaers meering of Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc., is to be held at Hanson, Mass Wed- nesday, August 17. New board of directors election will take place at that time. Cranberry Week has been desig- nated as September 29 through Oc- tober 8 by Ocean Spray. Many suppliers and the Food Trades Branch of the United States De- partment of Agriculture will co- operate. Fresh From The Fields — (Continued From Page 6) the spring and early summer weather pattern. Not Ideal For Cranberries While the weather was not the best for cranberry growing, it was ideal for weed and grass development. Some weed clipping had been done by mid month, Marsh operations were hampered by the shower activity. Dusting operations on the first brood fire- worm brought surprisingly good results. The first brood was quite un-even due to the weather and in some instances controls were applied as late as June 20th. The second brood was expected to be in good control. Vines were growing vigorously with the other vegetation and growers were busy pumping water from the beds following each rain. | Good Potential Developing First blossoms were noted about June 12th or about a week behind last years early bloom. Hooking appeared good, but some concern was developing as to what effect this continued weather would have on the crop. At months end the state appeared to have a good potential crop developing. NEW JERSEY Bloom Above Average The bloom for the New Jersey crop was looking good in early July, the bloom being reported as way above the average, especially in Ocean County. In early July there was the beginning of a good set. Troubled by Dryness Weather, however, was much too dry and reservoirs were begin- ning to go down. Conditions were not as bad as in 1957, but grow- ers were raising water in the ditches. There was a good deal of southwest winds which were very drying. Rain July 13, 14 The dry spell was somewhat broken by rain on the night of July 13 and with heavy showers all day during the 14th. This helped the situation considerably, although growers would have liked more precipitation. It was under two inches in some sections of the growing area, but Phila- delphia received a full two inches of rainfall. (JodJt'^al.s ISSUE OF JULY 1960 Vol. 25 - No. 3 i—iw—m-^m—iui—m ,111— -iiii^iiM .1.. ".. .... ...J. Considerable of a furore has been created in agricultural and other circles by the amino triazole "scare" in cran- berries last winter. This is not really past history for the hard-hit cranberry industry nor for the general public as well. It has created an interest in the use of pesticides in agriculture which is linger- ing on. Publications coming across our desk continue to refer to it, editorials have been written and pamphlets printed. For instance an editorial in the Wis- consin State Journal stated there is no scientific basis for alarm over the safety and quality of foods available to the American public. This was reported by a committee of health and nutrition experts. This committee made a report to Gay- lord Nelson, governor of Wisconsin and said that high standards of quality and safety are being observed in general by the nation's food producers . . . "the dangers of inducing cancer or other toxic effects through consumption of any of the foods now generally available are certainly minimal." It is generally recognized that pesti- cidal chemicals will continue to be used in an ever-increasing extent. Without this total agricultural production in this country would decline seriously. In all reported instances where health hazards have been created, the report continues, the ultimate cause was failure to comply with recommended methods for use of the pestifidal material. Although the residue of amino tria- zole found on isolated cases of berries was not held to be harm.ful by many ex- perts, the industry was quick to ban the use of amino triazole on cranberries com- pletely. This has worked a great hardship on weed control in all areas this summer as amino was an extremely effective chem- ical. Growers have been forced to go back to other methods which are not as effective. Grower after grower is bemoaning the OLARENCE J. HALL Editor and Publisher EDITH S. HALI^-Associate Editor Wareham, Massachusetts SUBSCRIPTIONS, |3.50 Per Year, FOREIGN, $4.50 CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin LEO A. SORENSON Cranft>erry Consultant Wisconsin Rapids Wisconsin Washington Dr. CHARLES C. DOUGHTY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. Oregon GRANT SCOTT Coquille, Ore. Massachusetts Dr. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. EDWARD K. KNAPP Barnstable County Agricultural Agent OSCAR S. JOHNSON Barnstable, Mass. New Jersey P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey loss of the use of amino triazole, but the law is being obeyed. Now the industry is awaiting the har- vest of this coming fall and to see how much, if any of the cranberry market has been lost through the scare. The loss in markets has been estimated as high as 20 percent, that about 80 percent will be retained. Nobody knows for sure. But there may have been new markets opened by the vast amount of cranberry publicity. People who had never heard of cranberries before now know of cranberries. LATE MASSACHUSETTS As July progressed crop pros- pects seemed to perhaps be some- what lessening. While early water 'bloom had been heavy the set indicated it might be slightly off from first high hopes. Late water was s'till setting July 21 and was so slow, that a good picture could not be obtained. There was much variability in set in both early and late water. New Indian Trail Quality Strained Cranberry Sauce Whole Cranberry Sauce in Syrup Cranberry Juice Cocktail Plus our regular line IndiaHinail FROZEN FRESH WHOLE CBAMSfWRin INDIAN TRAIL INC. P. O. Box 710 Wisconsin Rapids, Wis. Size of berries was reasonably good, probably a little above nor- mal. Insects were fairly heavy, but had been very well controlled. The month had provided beautiful weather for good timing of con- ti'ols. There were indications there would be an earlier harvest than last year, which was late, all to the good. Early water set was still ahead of last year. Drought had been an ever- present, but not severe threat as yet. Conditions remained dry. There was a heavy, substantial rain on the night of July first, which the Cranberry Experiment station recorded as 1.49 inches, and at some points there was even more. There was light rain also on the night of the 3rd, which measured .28 inches. Rain came again, heavy rain, on May 14. This was recorded at State Bog as 1.75 inches. July to the 21 was 28 degrees warmer than normal, or only slightly above one degree a day. READ CRANBERRIES WISCONSIN HEADQUARTERS FOR INSECTICIDES - FUNGICIDES HERBICIDES DUSTS - WETTABLE POWDERS - EMULSIONS Parathion — Malathion Ferbam — Dowpon Liquid and Granular Weed and Brush Killers Hopkins Agricultural Chemical Co. P.O. BOX 584 MADISON, WIS. Phone Alpine 7-1019 HUME PRODUCTS CORPORATION • DEGRASSERS • DRYERS • CONVEYORS SERVICES AVAILABLE TO WISCONSIN GROWERS: Designers and manufacturers of machinery for the cranberry industry Steel stock from our warehouse Engineering services Complete machine shop service ^ For information, write; HUME PRODUCTS CORPORATION Eagle River, Wisconsin SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS FOR SALE SEARLES JUMBO HOWES, McFARLIN Viaee for delivery in 1960 $125-00 Ton F.O.B. INTERESTED IN PURCHASING WISCONSIN CRANBERRY PROPERTIES Vernon Goldsworthy B.S. & M.S. University of Wisconsin Cranberry Consultant Fees Reasonable EAGLE RIVER WISCONSIN DANA MACHINE & SUPPLY Co. Wis. Rapids Wis. MFtSS. of: SPRAY BOOMS GRASS CLIPPERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS G^tsinger Retracto tooth pickers Dryers DISTR. of: VEE BELTS & PULLEYS ROLLER CHAINS SPROCKETS & BEARINGS CONVEYOR BELTING 1 STESL You; Foreman Deserves A Subscription to Cranberries; too OUR PRODUCTS Cranberry-Pineapple Preserve Cranberry Chilli Sauce Strained Cranberry Sauce Whole Cranberry Sauce Spiced Cransweets Cransweets Diced Cransweets Cranberry Apple Sauce Cranberry Orange Relish Cran-Vari Cran-Beri Cranberry Puree Cran-Puri Cran-Bake Cranberry-Strawberry Preserve Cranberry-Raspberry Preserve | Cranberry-Cherry Preserve Cranberry-Rhubarb Preserve Sliced and Whole Maraschino Cranberries Cranberry Products, Inc. EAGLE RIVER, WISCONSIN THE ONLY FERTILIZER FACTORY LOCATED IN THE WISCONSIN CRANBERRY AREA KICKAPOO FERTILIZERS Stevens Point CORRUGATED CULVERT PIPE and FLOW GATES Felker Bros. Mfg. Co. MARSHFIELD WISCONSIN Phone 230 - 231 YOU Are reading tiiis ad. Others will read yours in CRANBERRIES Magazine :. Avwiii'iwx -i-ivivivi^::-. : . CRANBERRIES The National Cranberry Magazine Is Now Serving The Cranberry Industry In Its 25th Year We supply the growers ivith information they can get from no other single source. CRANBERRY MAGAZINE Wareham, Massachusetts RVING A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY DIRECTORY For CRANBERRY GROWERS Wcrcester Paper Box Corporation MEDFORD, MASS. Tel. MYstic 8-5305 Manufacturers of Folding Cartons and Displays CRANBERRY GROWERS Choose and Use Niagara Dusts, Sprays and Dusters Niagara Chemical Division Food Machinery and Chemical Corporation Middleport, New York New Enelana Plant and War«keus« Ayer, Mass, Tel. Spruce 2-2365 1 The 1 iCHARLES W. HARRIS! 1 Company i 1 26 Somerset Ave | 1 North Dighton, Mass. | 1 AMES 1 1 Irrigation Systems | 1 Sprinklers 1 1 Weed killers | i Insecticide m ■ Fungricides ■ g from 1 = Cal. Spray Chemical Company = 1 Dupont Company | WATER WHITE KEROSENE For use on Cranberry Bogs Also STODDARD SOLVENT Prompt Delivery Service Franconia Coal Co. — Inc. — Wareham, Mass. Tel. CY 5-0039 Wareham Savings Bank Falmouth Branch Welcome Savings Account Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent PHONE CYpress 5-3800 Kimball 8-3000 EQUIPMENT HAYDEN - SEPARATOR - WAREHAM, MASS. Irrigation Systems PUMPS SEPARATORS - BLOWERS SCREENHOUSE EQUIPMENT DARLINGTON PICKING MACHINES The National Bank of Wareham Conveniently located for Cranberry Men Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK ALFRED PAPPI At Screenhouses. Bess and Pumps Means SatisfaetiM WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. CY 5-2000 Funds always available for sound loans SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES 1 Complete Banking Service Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. New Assistant To Zuckerman "Bill" Heleen Has Known Cranberries All His Life Viljo, usually known as "Bill" Heleen, who succeeds the late El- ton B. Gass as assistant to Dr. Bert Zuckerman, pathologist at Massachusetts Cranberry Experi- ment Station is a serious, consci- entious worker who has known about cranberries all his life. He is the first man in the position with permanent status, working with State funds assisted by Fed- eral aid. Heleen, born October 20, 1916 in West Wareham, Mass. is the son of Walter Heleen of Carver who is a well known Massachusetts grower operating some 30 acres of family crartberry bog in Carver and Rochester. He attended the public schools of Middleboro and was graduated from Middleboro high school in 1934. "I've heard about cranberries ever since I can remember any- thing. It is all my father talks about. I've airways worked on the family cranberry bog, doing every- thing from cleaning ditches up," he says. His brother, Richard is also a cranberry grower. For a time he worked with his brother, Eddie, who is foreman for the United Cape Cod Cranberry Company. Eddie is one of the best known foremen in the busi- ness. In 1936 he began operating cook- ing kettles for the now Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. at the plant at Onset. When the war came on in 1941 he became a welder and worked for the Bethle- hem Steel Company in the Hing- ham and Quincy shipyards. He has also worked for Hayden Sep- arator Company, Wareham. There he specialized in the repair and maintenance of the Darlington cranberry picking machine. "I guess I will be in cranberries the rest of my life," he says. "I like the cranberry business. It is exciting to watch the bogs in the spring, to see the crop develop during the season and then comes the picking season." His work under Dr. Zuckerman has so far consisted entirely in nematode research and will prob- ably continue to be. It is now recognized that this little-known pest of a few years ago cuts down the cranberry crop to some extent. "There is so little known about nematodes, especially those which appear on cranberry bogs that there is no end to which the studies can go. I find the work extremely interesting." "Bill" is a memtoer of the Fin- nish Congregational Church of West Wareham. He belongs to no other organizations. He has three children, Walter William, who is attending the University of Mass- achusetts where he is studying to become a teacher, Howard Guy, who is a student in the Wareham grade schools and Claire Hope who is a student at Wareham High School. For relaxation he likes to "put- ter" around his yard at his home in Marion, where he grows vege- tables. NEW WISCONSIN PICKING MACHINE Hume Products Company, Eagle River, Wisconsin is at work on a new model picking machine, the details of which are not ready to be announced. It is expected to have a machine ready for trial this coming fall. ELECTRICITY Works For You With The Throw Of A Switch It Is Clean, Efficient - Releases Men For Other Bog Work Plymouth County Electric Co. PLYMOUTH Tel pilgrim 6-1300 WAREHAM Tel Wareham 200 SHAWMUT GLASS CONTAINERS, Inc. REPRESENTING KNOX GLASS, Inc. " v« sfjK . >■ 29 STILLINCS STREET BOSTON, MASS. More Experiments With Water Raking In Massachusetts Water raking and drying of cranberries will again be ti'ied out at the Massachusetts CranJbeny Exi>eriment Station this fall. A small start was made in experi- mental works in this Wisconsin method of picking last fall, but it will be conducted by Prof. "S'tan" Norton, mechanization researcher, on an increased scale. The drjrei-, which was set up in his quiaitters last year is to be en- larged giving it 50 per cent more capacity. There will be a larger motor to speed up the di-ying fan. Machines to be used will be the Getsinger manufactured by Dana Machine & Supply Comipany of Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin and a Dai'lington, manufaotiired by Hayden Separator Compiany of Wareha.m, Mass which were the machines used lasft yiear. The Darlington will be modified some- what so that it will not push so much water away from in front of it. The Getsinger is designed for NEW BURLAP BAGS for your PICKING MACHINES MADE TO ORDER WHITMAN BAG CO. WHITMAN, MASS. Peter B. Berman Tel. JUniper 3-6466 OR WARwick 5-2618 CRANBERRY PICKING BOXES Shocks, or Nailed Let me repair your broken boxes — or repair them yourself. Stock Always on Hand F. H. COLE Tel. Union 6-3330 North Carver, Mass. either wet or dry harvesting. At least two sections of the Sta- tion bog will be harvested in this experiment. EELS, FISH IN WASHINGTON SPRINKLERS Since most Washington growers have started sprinkling for frost protection, several have had prob- lems with eels and fish getting into the sprinkler system. Control of these pests can be obtained with Rotenone, used as follows: 1 lb. of 5 percent rotenone per each 16,000 cubic feet of water, or 2 lbs. of 2^/^ percent rotenone per each 16,000 cubic feet of water. Growers using this treatment are urged not to allow overflow from the treated sump to enter any stream or body of water popu- lated with food or game fish. MINNESOTA TO HAVE CRANBERRY BOG James Ware of Aitkins, Minne- sota is to plant about three acres of land to cranberry vines this spring. The vines will be furnished by Vemon Goldsworthy of Eagle River, Wisconsin. This is a new undertaking in Minnesota and this will be the only cranberry bog in the state. MICHIGAN MARSH DISCONTINUES The cranberry marsh which has long been located at Petersburg, Michigan, is being discontinued from active operation. Vernon Goldsworthy of Eagle River, Wis- consin, has purchased all the equipment there wihich consisted of mills, boxes and so forth. OCEAN SPRAY TO TRY LIMITED BULK PACKING Bulk handling of berries is to he tried out on a limited basis for the Onset, Massachusetts and Bor- dentown. New Jersey Ocean Spray plants this fall. In this operation collapsible wire-bound iboxes will be employed, similar to those now widely used in materials handling in many processing plants through- out the country who receive raw agricultural products. These boxes, holding 800 pounds will also be made available in limited quantities for further ex- perimentation in Wisconsin and Pacific Northwest. CRANBERRIES PROVIDES A NEEDED MEDIUM OF INFORMATION FOR ALL GROWERS Subscribe To Cranberries A Good Flume Is Your Insurance For A Good Crop JUST UNLOADED 2 CARLOADS ALL HEART REDWOOD Planking - Square Edged or Matched 2x6 — 2x8 2 X 10 2 X 12 LET US ESTIMATE YOUR FLUME AND BUILDING NEEDS E. W. Goodhue Lumber Co., Inc. MIDDLEBORO ROAD EAST FREETOWN, MASS Phones Rockwell 3-8811 — Middleboro 1275 ' . IVSass. Cranberry t|*fc Station and Field Notes Cf^ by J. RICHARD BEATTIE p ^jWB Extension Cranberry Specialist W* T Chester A. Vose In late June, the cranberry industry lost one of its formei* leaders in the death of Chester A. Vose of Marion. Mr. Vose, prior to a long illness, was active in cranberry circles, particularly the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers Association serving as its pres- ident from 1937 through 1938. He, together with Dr. Franklin, helped organize the first frost warning- service and was appointed its first chairman, serving in this capacity from about 1931 to 1943. It was the writer's privilege as chairman of the present frost warning serv- ice to discuss common problems ft'ith Mr. Vose on many occasions. His interest and helpful sugges- tions were greatly appreciated. We at the Cranberry Station join tiis many friends in extending our ieepest sympathy to Mrs. Vose ivho is ably managing the home 30gS. Cross In Wisconsin Dr. Chester Cross was one of the guest speakers at the Wiscon- sin Cranberry Growers Associa- :ion meeting held near Wisconsin Rapids August 13th. Dr. Cross lad the opportunity of spending a few days prior to the meeting nsiting a number of "marshes" md talking with growers. A re- port of his trip will be given at :he annual meeting of the Cape "od Cranberry Growers Associ- ation, to be held August 23rd at :he State Bog. He thoroughly en- joyed the visit and appreciated the hospitality extended him. Zuckermans in Europe Dr. Bert Zuckerman and his wife are spending the month of August in Europe where Bert plans to combine some business with pleasure by visiting a few riematologists and pathologists and observing some of their work. They will return shortly after Labor Day and we are looking forward to a report of their inter- esting trip. Big Crop Massachusetts growers have apparently produced another fine crop of cranberries. The official estimate will not be released until August 23rd when C. D. Stevens of the New England Crop Report- ing Service presents his estimate at the annual meeting of the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers Associa- tion. However, there is every indi- cation that it will surpass last years production and could be one of our near record crops. It is obvious that the accuracy of crop reports depends on how carefully growers estimate their crops and how faithful they are in submitting this important information to Mr. Steven's office in Boston. The number of crop reporters decreased fi'om a record high of 238 in 1958 to 218 last year. While these cooperators represented 56 percent of the crop in 1959, more are need- ed according to Mr. Stevens. Ac- cuiate crop estimates are necessary for the development of sound marketing programs and are a very tangible way in which grow- ers can assist their marketing agencies. Harvest Labor We have been in touch with the Massachusetts Division of Employ- ment Security and have been in- formed that their organization will be recruiting cranberry harvest labor as they have in the past. They will be establishing field offices at Ocean Spray Cranberries Inc., in Hanson, their mobile trailer unit in West Wareham near the Square Deal Garage, and in Middleboro. Their home offices in Brockton, Hyannis, New Bedford, Plymouth and Taunton will con- tinue to serve growers. Orders for labor should be placed as soon as possible. Water Raking For the sixth successive season a quality control study has been approved for our Station. The new project involves a study of the effect of fungicides, partic- ularly maneb, on the shelf life of both dry and water-picked berries that will be shipped as fresh fruit, A comparison between treated and untreated fruit will of course be R. F. MORSE & SON West Wareham, Mass., Tel. CY 5-1553 Cranberry Growers Agent For Eastern States Farmers' Exchange Insecticides - Fertilizers - Fungicides Bog Service and Supplies Agent for Wiggins Airways Helicopter Spray and Dust Service DEPENDABLE ECONOMICAL SERVICE included in the study. We realize that only a limited acreage in Massachusetts is adaptable at present to water picking but we believe that it is highly desirable to be accumulating information on drying methods, picking techniques, the effect of water picking on the vines and the forthcoming crotp, and the shelf life of the fruit picked in this manner. The ad- vantage of harvesting nearly 100 percent of the crop, compared to our conventional dry picking method when substantial losses are the rule, can hardly be mini- mized. There are problems in- volved but the Station is the log- ical place in which to investigate such matters. Market Reports In the fall of 1954, the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers Associ- ation sponsored a fresh fruit mar- ket report which has been issued each fall by the Agricultural Marketing News Service in Bos- ton. Interest has been declining rather generally in such a report to the point where a year ago it was nearly discontinued. How- ever, the association felt that it served a very useful purpose and requested that it be continued for another season to determine whether or not growers' interest justified its continued publication. The format was completely changed last fall to make it more useful, and we believe that it ac- complishes this purlpose. Its future is now in the growers' hands. READ CRANBERRIES SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES Western Piekers Parts and Repairs Agent for 1960 Model ORDER NOW J. E. BRALEY & SON MACHINE SHOP 78 Gibbs Ave, Wareham, Mass. HAVE YOUR REPAIRS DONE NOW Brewer & Lord INSURANCE 40 Broad Street, Boston, Mass. ARTHUR K. POPE CONVERSE HILL WILLIAM B. PLUMER ROBEiRT A. SULLIVAN HORACE H. SOULE CHARLES M. CUTLER EBEN A. THACHER HERBERT R. LANE EDWARD H. LEARNARD VINCENT M. WILSON JOHN B. CECILL, JR. Serving the People of New England Since 1859 FOR PREFABRICATED FLUMES SEE RUSSELL A. TRUFANT HYDRAULIC CONSULTANT PREFABRICATED FLUMES BOG RAILROADS UNION 6-3696 North Carver, Mass. Issue of August 1960 - Vol. 25 No. 4 Published monthly at The* Courier Print Shop, Main St.. Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscriptions $3.50 per year. Second Class Postage Paid at Wareham, Massachusetts Post Office. FRESH FROM THE FIELDS Compiled by C J. H. MASSACHUSETTS Ideal July Weather July's weather could not have 'been improved upon if it had been made to order, that is from the viewpoint of the average year round and summer resident of Southeastern Massachusetts. All were favored by the nicest summer weather in years. There were only a few cloudy or rainy days and the temperatures for the most part were not excessively hot. Humidity was not troublesome. One Degree Warmer The mean temperature for the month was a comfortable 73.2 degrees, one degree warmer than the normal. Departure from nor- mal was a plus 33 degrees, or slightly above one degree a day. More Rain Than Normal Fortunately for the cranberry growers there was more rain even though this fell only on a few days. There were only two days of continuous rain, these being the 14th and the last day of the month. The storm of the 31 was the tropical storm "Brenda" a mild hurricane, with lashing winds and high tides along the coast. At State Cranberry Experiment Sta- tion, however, this brought less than an inch of precipitation, .53. Total for the month was 4.63 inches while the normal is 3.21. Heavy Sunshine There was a heavy sunshine factor which would build up the crop for 1961. It had also been a fine month for the crop of 1960. Insects Less Than Normal As August came in it became apparent that insect injury had not been unduly severe and rather below normal. Infestations were well controlled by growers. Weeds were another story. They were plentiful, and undoubtedly cut down the crop to some extent. Early Harvest Late water seemed to be setting well, and crop prospects looked good. It also continued to look as if there would be an early har- vest. NEW JERSEY Coolest July The ipast month was the coolest July in the 31 year weather re- cording history at the Cranberry and Blueberry Research Labora- tory. The average temperature was 72.4°, which is 3.2° less than normal. The average minimum of 60.1° was 7.1° cooler tban nor- mal. On cranberry bogs a low of 40° was reported on July 8. The cool nights have retarded growth of cranberries. The set is exceptionally good on most bogs but the fruit is failing to attain size. Rains Come Rainfall was excessive during the month, the total of 8.02 inches being 3.69 inches more than nor- mal. The tropical storm Brenda dumped 3.75 inches of rain on July 30. This restored the water in cranberry reservoirs to almost normalcy. The drought period of April, May and June had left many properties short of water and there had actually been some drought damage on Ocean County bogs. C. & L. EQUIPMENT CO. 191 LEONARi) STREET ACUSHNET, MASS. Cranberry Bog Service PRUNING FERTILIZING RAKING WEED TRIMMING Machinery Sales PRUNERS POWER WHEELBARROWS RAKES WEED TRIMMERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS - Large & Small For Further Information Call . . . F. P. CRANDON N. C. LEONARD Rockwell 3-5526 Wyman 3-4332 C. J. TRIPP Wyman 4-4601 Fjvg Record Blueberry Crop The blueberry crop is very heavy and production may reach record proportions. There has been con- siderable difficulty in securing labor and growers are placing much hope in a mechanical picker, which is being tried in the State for the first time. The apple crap will be consid- ei-ably lighter than normal in this State and this may ease the cranberry growers problem of securing harvesting labor. WASHINGTON Drawn-Out Blossoming There was a very long drawn- out blossoming period in this state. The first blossoms opened on June 10th with full bloom at approxi- mately July 3rd and the last of the very late blossoms had just come off by the end of July. The berries which set from this latest bloom did not make anything, so all that will count are the berries set from the early and mid-bloom. There will also be quite a few "monkey faces," or deformed berries. It early looked as if there would be a good crop, but since then things developed adversely. It looks as if there would be only half a crop, at least in the Long- Beach area. Adverse Conditions The long bloom was caused by rather severe weather in late Feb- ruary and early March. There was to that time a comlparitively mild winter. The last few days of February and the first of March there was a cold, east wind. The minimum temperature for four days was 15 degrees, with a rel- ative humidity of 35 - 36 percent. The buds on the vines had already started swelling. A very cold and wet May with a strong northwest wind blowing in off the ocean and only five days of sunshine, all combined to provide a very long blossoming period and a poor set. It appears as if some of the difficulties result from too mild a winter. The second brood of fireworm was well underway at end of July. Damage to bogs varied from very little to very heavy. Some of the bogs which did not have an early insecticide spray were damaged severely. Except for this the bogs were in fairly good shape as far as insects are concerned. There were no fruitworms to late July. Helicopter Sprayii^g In the Grayland area, about 200 .icres of bog were sprayed by helicopter in mid-Julv. At Lonq- P^E '¥\\^^ ^f%^ i Retain natural flavor I without over-sweetness I i I AND CORN SYRUPS >; CORN PRODUCTS COMPANY Manufacturers of fine products for the food industry . . . and popular Best Foods Division grocery brands for the consumer. nrm ''a«?i .;.\X^ Beach approximately 150 to 165 acres were also sprayed by copter. The material used varied from Farathion alone to mixtures of Parathion and Fermate. The materials were applied as a con- centrate spray at the rate of 5' gallons liquid per acre. This represented a very fast method of applying spray materials at very little additional cost. Under some conditions having spray applied in this manner was less costly than spraying by hand. Except for Cranguyma Farms this is the first time any appreciable acreage has been applied in this manner. Probably more will be done in the future. Both Para- thion and DDT were very efficient-,' ly applied by an experienced pilot. Projects A meeting of the Washington Advisory Board discussed present projects, the budget for the cur- rent year and the 61-63 bienium. Emphasis was placed on obtain- ing registration for additional herbicides particularly, and a fur- ther, more complete study of frost injury and injury received from other winter conditions. Resolution Resolution was sent in by the committee and also by the Long^ Beach Cranberry Club requesting that the Station "proceed with all possible speed to collect data on herbicide residues, resulting from both spraying and wiping tech- niques, of ATZ and other prom-. ising materials, press for analyses at the earliest possible moment, and to urge that manufacturers use the data to attempt to secure registration of these materials for use on cranberries in the North- west." The long delay in obtain- ing clearance and registration for pesticide materials is considered one of the biggest problems at the present time. Weather, Dry Summer weather since middle of June was very dry. There was no precipitation except occasional fogs. On two occasions, July 9 and 10 there was sprinkling for frost. The minimum temperature on the bogs had been down to 32 to 37 degrees. Maximum temper- atures during July had been only (Continued On Page Fourteen) Helping Cranberries Grow Better ORTHO offers a crop protection program tailor-made for your area Your ORTHO Fieldman knows the particular problems of your area wherever you farm. When you buy the ORTHO program you get the bene- fit of this technical field service, a half century of research, and all the scientific experience that makes ORTHO America's number one line of agricultural chemicals. There are ORTHO offices to serve you m the Nation's Cranberry growing areas Massachusetts Springfield Hudson New Jersey Haddonfield Moorestown Canbury Wisconsin Janesville Sturgeon Bay Wasliington Yakima Seattle Walla Walla Wenatchee Oregon Portland ORTHO California Spray - Chemical Corp. A SUBSIDIARY OF CALIFORNIA CHEMICAL COMPANY RICHMOND CALIF.; WASHINGTON D. C. S§vep The Cranberry Tipworm Problem In New Jersey Philip E. Marucci Rutgers University Cranberry and Blueberry Research Laboratory, Pemberton, N. J. Since "Black Monday'', Novem- pests of cranberry hogs. There her 9, 1959, we have had to make a revision of the classification of the pasts of cranberries. We now have two main headings: (1) the unnatural enemies, (2) the natural enemies. The former group has made a sudden devastating impact on the cranberry industry. It presents problems the cranberry grower hardly knows how to combat. It is an insidious and complex thing containing elements of politics, ambition, prejudice and fear. The natural enemies are less dramatic, more predictable, easier to understand and cope with. They do not employ T. V. or press re- leases in their methods and they don't even talk back. They are sometimes quite stubborn but they always yield to treatment, albeit never completely. Yet, in the long run these pests are much more destructive than the more sensa- tional genera. Every five or six years, with regularity, these na- tural enemies, using only primi- tive instincts, take off the market as many berries as the unnatural enemies did in the 1959 market panic. The thinking of cranberry peo- ple is so thoroughly concerned with the crisis (and understand- ingly so) that any other topic seems out of order. However, this crisis shall pass and cranberry growers will soon be more con- cerned about the problems related with growing their crop. Basically the economic well-Jbeing of the in dividual grower is still going to be governed by his efficiency, or the largest possible production of berries per unit cost. Control of natural enemies, the insects and diseases, constitutes one of the best methods of increasing effi- ciency. In New Jersey the cran- berry tipworm is generally one of the most potent of the insect Eight are several other quite formidable pests. Tipworm Fly The cranberry tipworm adult is a tiny delicate fly only about 1/16 of an inch long and rarely observed by growers. However, the typical cupping of the temiinal growth on the new flush growth of uprights is extremely common in New Jer- sey bogs; it is not unusual to find over 50 of these "cups" per square foot in the spring. The cupping is the reaction of the leaves to the feeding of the legless, pale yellow to pale orange colored mag- gots which feed within the en- closure and eventually spin a silk- en cocoon in it from which flies emerge. The entire cycle requires only about three weeks, so there are se\Tal generations a year. The cranberry upright reacts in the attack of tipworm larva in the following ways: 1. No fruit bud or further growth is produced above the point of injury. 2. A single fruit bud produced to the side of the dead tip ("side tip"). 3. Two or more fruit buds are produced to the side of the dead tip. 4. A new upright emanates from below the injury but no fruit bud is produced at its apex. 5. A new upright as in (4) but it has a fruit bud. 6. Two or more uprights eman- ate from below the injury but none of them bear fruit buds. 7. Two or more uprights eman- ate from below the injui-y, one or more of which have uprights. The specific way an upright re- acts to tipworm injury is depen- dent upon the time of year the at- tack is sustained, the vigor of the upright, and growing conditions after the attack, In most years reactions 1, 2, 3, and 4 are the most common, in that order. If there is sufficient gi'owing sea- son left, a vigorous injured up- right may be expected to pro- duce another upright with a fruit bud (reaction5). However, all to frequently the new upright shoot- ing up from the injured tip early enough to produce a fruit bud is again attacked by tipworm lar\'ae. Considerable Loss In general, the sum effect of the various reactions to cranber- ry tipworm attack on New Jersey bogs is a considerable loss of fruit buds. In a sui-vey conducted in 1953 the fruit bud loss attributable to tipworm was 12% for Howes, 39% for Early and 64% for Champions. Since that time, ob- servations do not indicate it has become less severe. For a long time it was consider- ed that sanding and late holding constituted good control of cran- berry tipworm. In a letter dated Nov. 17, 1955, Professor W. E. Tomlinson described a very severe infestation of tip w^orm on a sanded bog in Massachusetts which killed the tips of almost every up- right by mid-summer. Since that time moderate in- festations have been found on sanded bogs in New Jersey. In the summer of 1959 two bogs on which the water was held until July 1 developed very heavy tin- worm infestations by early Au- gust. One of these bogs had 82% and the other 75% of the uprights attacked. A count in October show- ed that only an estimated 27 '^f of the total uprights in the more heav" ily infested bog had set fruit buds. A random selection of only up- rights which were not attacked revealed that 64 %r had fruit buds. Thus the potential fruit bud pro- duction on this late-held bog was reduced by an estimated 58%. Because of anticipated market- ing difficulties in 1960 there ^vill probably be much late holding practiced. New Jersey cranberry growers doing this must be alert to the potential damage posed by tip- worm, as well as army worms and grasshoppers on these bogs. Good control of tipworm has been obtained by application of a dust consisting of 1% Parathion plus 5% DDT at 50 pounds per a.cre. On bearing ibogs one applica- tion in the pre-dangle stage and another just after mid-bloom gives a good clean-up of tipworm, as well as m;ost of the other im- portant cranberry insects in New Jersey. Ocean Spray Sets Up Quality Code Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. has set up a program for quality control. Final details have been approved by the Board of Direc- tors. There .?.re two major reasons for this prog mm. One, is that the Miller Amend- ment places upon the grower the responsibility to use only approved chemicals i'l approved manner. It it also the grower's own respon- isibility that his produce contain not more than the legal maximum quantity of chemical residues, which in some oases miay mean none. Two, the Food Additives Amendment places upon a proces- sor the reisponsibility not to ex- ceed the legal miaximuim quantity of chemical residues in processed, goods; these residues may origin- ate in the raw products. The program is divided into two parts; one, "outside," before ber- ries reach the cannery platform, and two, after berries are received. Ocean spray is to provide meim- bers with pesticide information as authorized by the State Ex- periment Station in eaclh area and will provide members with a form in triplicate to record use of pesti- cides; it will obtain from each member a certification of compli- ances with Federal laws. Periodic visits will be made with members during the growing season to as- sisit in keeping pesticide charts up to date and to visit bogs; there will be sampling at random and chemical assays of berries taken from bogs in doubtful situation. O'cean Spray will refuse to ac- cept berries which do not comply with the laws and the Ocean Spray code. The "inside" part will consist of, insofai- as practical and economi- cal the segregation of berries by memfoei-s; spot check samples will be taken and assays made as dic- tated by good judgement. Fresh and finished products will be iden- tified with member source as far as practical and economical. Ocean Spray will collect reimlbursement from individual miemibers for any payments made to them by Ocean Spray if their berries or the pro- ducts therefrom are seized for vio- lation of Federal laws. The diredt responsdibility for administering the plan rests with area managers and with plant mianagers, all under the sujpervi- sion of Kenneth G. Garside, di- rector of operations, and with the advise and counsel of Dr. William Hampton, director of technical re- search and development. To assist tihe area managers it is planned to employ some assistants on a temporary basis, two in Massachu- setts, one in Wisconsin and one in Washington. of ten representatives of food man- ufacturers to attend the Congress of Better Living in Washington last month. The congress is spon- sored by McCalls Magazine. This is the first time members of the food industry have been included. PROESCH ATTENDS WASHINGTON CONFERENCE Larry E. Proesch of Belmont, director of marketing for Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. was one Health From Fruits SIR JAMBS LANCASTER (1588) in the time of Elizabeth and the Spanish Armada, is credited by Dr. E. N. Todhunter, of University of Alabama, with being the discover- er of the method of defeating the dread scurvy disease caused by the lack of antiscorbutic vitamin C. The records reveal that "While many men were fallen sick of scurvy and could hardly handle the sayles, the men on Lancaster's ship were in good health as he brought to sea with him certain bottles of the juice of limons." And so the values of fruits were known long before there was a real scientific explanation of the facts. Who knows what the situa- tion may be today? We talk about "An apple a day keeps the doctor away" and of "Fruit for health," but we do not yet know all that we sometime will know about the protective and health-giving quali- ties of our products. Much research is being done in the composition and the dietetic values of fruits. (American Fruit Grower) 1^1' .w mr.iiaii'iBiiiiH \m jih' iih m\ m. m\>M::M.\\m ii:b iimi<'B:!wii;i@nE]i mim iisJa-l3 ISSUE OF AUGUST 1960 VOL. 25 — NO. 4 t*t HkTlOHAlCIWMWBrft^^ WHAT WILL THE COMING MARKET BE LIKE ? Harvesting of the 1960 crop of cran- berries will shortly be underway. Thought uppermost of all concerned in the cran- berry industry in any way, is, what of the coming market? How much will it be effected by the severe marketing crisis of last winter — the worst catastrophy ever to strike the cranberry industry in its entirety? Unfortunately it seems almost cer- tain there will be some loss in consuming habits of some of the vast majority of those who buy cranberries. Because the 1959 deal was virtually destroyed last November, cranberry sales to date have fallen off. They would have been even worse had it not been for the nation-wide sale of cranberries during the Easter holiday. There certainly has been some restoration. Public confidence in cran- berry products must be restored to as near 100 percent as possible. Distributors of our product have the biggest and most critical job on their hands they have ever had. There is no doubt they will bend every effort to suc- cessfully market the coming crop and at prices which will be satisfactory to the grower. In favor of good sales is that there can be no new cry of ''taint" from a herb- icide as there was last year, that is, for amino triazole used this season. Its use was forbidden by Ocean Spray and it was not on any approved control chart issued by any state cranberry station. It is prac- tically a certainty that none was used by a commercial grower. The question is, to what extent the consuming public has forgotten and "for- given" the cranberry industry for the scare totally unnecessary as it was. The public forgets quickly and it does not always listen to things it does not wish to hear. We believe there are just as many capons being sold as there were before the lesser capon scare last year. There has been much adverse publicity concern- CLARENCE J. HALL Editor and Publisher EDITH S. HALI^Associate Editor Wareham, Massachusetts SUBSCRIPTIONS, $3.50 Per Year, FOREIGN, $4.50 CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin LEO A. SORENSON Cranberry Consultant Wisconsin Rapids Wisconsin Washington Dr. CHARLES C. DOUGHTY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. Oregon GRANT SCOTT Coquille, Ore. Massachusetts Dr. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. EDWARD K. KNAPP Barnstable County Agricultural Agent OSCAR S. JOHNSON Barnstable, Mass. New Jersey P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey ing possible harmful effects of cigarets and of lipstick. Yet people are still smok- ing and women are still using lipstick. To what extent the cranberry "scare" still lingers on can be only hazarded as a guess. No one can say with certainty — until the crop is being marketed. Let us hope for a quality crop and a quality pack and a return to the cheerful and brisk marketing of cranberries which was going on before ''Black Monday" befell last November 9th. Fresh From The Fields — (Continued From Page 14) WISCONSIN July Frost Warnings Practically evei-y area in the state set new minimum temipera- ture readings during July. It was the third month in a row with below normal temperatures. In the cranberry areais teimperatures were fiio-m 2 to 3 degrees below normal. WISCONSIN HEADQUARTERS FOR INSECTICIDES - FUNGICIDES HERBICIDES DUSTS - WETTABLE POWDERS - EMULSIONS Parafhion Ferbam — Malathion — Dowpon Liquid and Granular Weed and Brush Killers Hopkins Agricultural Chemical Co. P.O. BOX 584 MADISON, WIS. Phone Alpine 7-1019 New Indian Trail Quality Strained Cranberry Sauce Whole Cranberry Sauce in Syrup Cranberry Juice Cocktail Plus our regular line InJioHfruUl FROZEN FRESH WHOLE CRANBERRIIS INDIAN TRAIL INC. Wisconsin Rapids WISCONSIN P.O. Box 710 Frost warnings were issued three times during- the month coming at the end of the first week of July, the middle and the end of the month. Readings as low as 29 degrees were reported on the early frosit. Precipitation for the month was average to above, but in the south it was far below average. For most of the southern marshes the last good rain shower came on July 3. This was the first month of this years growing season that precipitation was below normal, in the southern area. The extended forecast for August is for above normial precipitation and normal to below normal in temperature. Bloom Delayed The cool, wet gix)wing season delayed full bloom until about the third week in July, wbich was two weeks later than last year and about a week later than nor- mal. Temperatures started to warm the last half of the month and tihe fix'st ninety degree day of the year arrived on the 21st. The warm/er weather the last half of the month helped the setting of the bloom and early counts showed promise of a better than average set on a good bloom. The native variety was the slowest to reach full bloom. No Bumper Crop There was some frost damage to blossoms, hooks and small ber- i"ieis on the early frosts of the month, which appeared to be the most in recent years. Totally the ' damage was not reported as wide- spread, but in some individual cases the loss was fairly severe. Coupled with some early fall cold , damage, and with more than nor- i mal leaf drop from oxygen de- fifiency last winter, the possibility of a bumper crop in the state can be ruled out. At the end of the month it ap- peared that some marshes could expect better crops than last year, but more marshes could expect smaller crops. The determining factor as to the size of this years crop now seems to be how the berries will size and if water sup- plies will be adequate in all areas for early frost protection this fall. SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS FOR SALE SEARLES JUMBO HOWES, McFARLIN Vines for delivery in 1960 $125.00 Ton F.O.B. INTERESTED IN PURCHASING WISCONSIN CRANBERRY PROPERTIES ***>»«>tc#4::^> Vernon Goldsworthy B.S. & M.S. University of Wisconsin Cranberry Consultant Fees Reasonable EAGLE RIVER WISCONSIN •^^':^i%.'s'«*^l^^^M3^?^^* ,^*i *^. TX?>.%^^>a'>%^^'^: ':%:^^2x.zm>^'Sj DANA MACHINE & SUPPLY Co. Wis. Rapids Wis. MFGS. of: SPRAY BOOMS GRASS CLIPPERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS Getsinger Retracto tooth pickers Dryers DISTR. of: VEE BELTS & PULLEYS ROLLER CHAINS SPROCKETS & BEARINGS CONVEYOR BELTING STEEL Your Foreman Deserves A Subscription to Cranberries; too OUR PRODUCTS Cranberry-Pineapple Preserve Strained Cranberry Sauce Whole Cranberry Sauce Spiced Cransweets Cransweets Diced Cransweets Cranberry Apple Sauce Cranberry Chilli Sauce Cranberry Orange Relish Cran-Vari Cran-Beri Cranberry Puree Cran-Puri Cran-Bake Cranberry-Strawberry Preserve Cranberry-Raspberry Preserve Cranberry-Cherry Preserve Cranberry-Rhubarb Preserve Sliced and Whole Maraschino Cranberries Cranberry Products, Inc. EAGLE RIVER, WISCONSIN THE ONLY FERTILIZER FACTORY LOCATED IN THE WISCONSIN CRANBERRY AREA KICKAPOO FERTILIZERS Stevens Point CORRUGATED CULVERT PIPE and FLOW GATES Felker Bros. Mfg. Co. MARSHFIELD WISCONSIN Phone 230 - 231 YOU Are reading this ad. Others will read yours in CRANBERRIES Magazine CRANBERRIES The National Cranberry Magazine The Busy Harvest Season Is Now Coming On... W^e ivill keep you informed of events— As ive do the year around CRANBERRY MAGAZINE Wareham, Massachusetts :VING A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY / ^ •^Wt ^^■TWWALCRANBERRyM4^^^,^^ 4PE COO lEW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON CANADA LIBRARY - labU HARVEST IS ON State Cranberry bog. 35 Cents Filennio Cardoza operates a Darlington ; (CRANBERRIES SEPTEMBER 1960 DIRECTORY For CRANBERRY GROWERS Wcrcester Paper Box Corporation MEDFORD, MASS. Td. MYstIc 8-5305 Manufacturers of Folding Cartons and Displays WATER WHITE KEROSENE For use on Cranberry Bogs Also STODDARD SOLVENT Prompt Delivery Service Franconia Coal Co. — Inc. — Wareham, Mass. Tel. CY 5-0039 CRANBERRY GROWERS Choose and Use Niagara Dusts, Sprays and Dusters Niagara Chemical Division Food Machinery and Chemical Corporation Middleport, New York New England Plant £ind Warehouse Ayer, Mass. Tel. Spruce 2-2365 Wareham Savings Bank Falmouth Branch Welcome Savings Account Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent PHONE CYpress 5-3800 Kimball 8-3000 The National Bank of Warefiam Conveniently located for Cranberry Men Funds always available for sound loans The CHARLES W. HARRIS Company 26 Somerset Ave North Dighton, Mass. AMES I Irrigation Systems i Sprinklers Weed killers Insecticides Fungicides from Cal. Spray Chemical Company Dupont Company ' EQUIPMENT HAYDEN - SEPARATOR - WAREHAM, MASS. Irrigation Systems PUMPS SEPARATORS - BLOWERS SCREENHOUSE EQUIPMENT DARLINGTON PICKING MACHINES Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK ALFRED PAPPI At Screenhouses, Boss and Pumps Means Satisfaetiiw WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. CY 5-2000 Complete Banking Service SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES Member Federal Deposit ln»urance Corp. J Massachusetts Bill To Aid Cranberries A bill, authorizing the Mass- achusetts State Department of Agriculture to establish a pro- gram to advance and to promote the Massachusetts cranberi-y in- dustry has passed the state legis- lature. The bill reads: "The State Department of Agri- culture is hereby authorizd and directed to institute a program designed to encourage and further develop the cranberry industry in the Commionwealth. It shall be the object of said program to promlote the Masisiachusetts cranberry in- dustry and to restore confidence in the use of native cranberries thereby offsetting the damage done to the industry by certain ill-advised statements of a certain Federal agency. "The State Deparitment of Agri- culture shall cooperate with the Massachsetts cranberry growers association in devising methods of pi-iomoting the use of cnaniberries, particularly Masisachusetts-gTown cranberries. "Said department shall also con- sider the feasibility of attaching to packages and containers oi cranberries tested and approved by it, a tag or label depicting the outline of the Commionwealth and bearing the words, 'Tested and ap- proved by the Massadhusetts De- partment of AgTiculture.' "The department shall also insti- tute a consumers education pro- gram, and s/hall avail itself of the various types of advertising media, of exhibitions, of county and food fairs, and chain stores and supermarkets for the dis- semination of its program. "The department sihall also con- sider the ipossibility of a proclama- tion for the obsei-vance of Cran- berry Week, and shiall make such recommendations relative therein as it deems pertinent. "This act shall take effect up- on passage." cranberry item-frozen cranberry- sauce. The home economic depart- ment, under the direction of Miss Edalene Stohr in coordination with Walter Bruce of the sales promo- tion department has developed a comprehensive and imaginative presentation. The company arranged for fea- ture stories to appear in it Canco, house magazine, the Dixie Mag- azine, coiordinated with ten major steel companies to run similar articles in their house org-ians. The program was presented to Cran- beiTy Institute and received with enthusiasm. Further the American Can released publicity on freez- ing cranberry sauce to food edi- tors in all n^ajor city newspapers. In the promotion the ease of hot weather preparation was stressed. This was proposed as a supplement to cranberry sauce promotion, opening up new areas. A suggesition camipaign was built around two words, "Freeze it." Cranberry sauce when placed in a freezer ohiang-es to a sherbet-like texture wlhich miakes it adaptable to uses as a dessert, a salad item or a beverage, as with lemonade. HARVEST WEEKS PROMOTE INDUSTRY Cranberry Harvest Week, Sept. 29 through Oct. 8 will salulte the 1960 cranberry crop, now esti- mated as the largest crop on rec- ord: 1,288,500. barrels for the country, and 700,000 for Massachu- setts. This would be the largest ever for this state, while crop pi'ospeets in Wisconsin, New Jer- sey, Washington and Oregon are somewhat lower than 1959. Cranberry Week will launch the largest advertising and promotion- al program of the industry, in an attempt to restore consumer con- fidence in the craniberry crop af- ter last season's "cranberry scare." The United States Department of Agriculture will assist in promo- tion plans. Cranberry proclama- tions and statenfients from the Governors of the five producing states will tie in with the industry program. First of the events \v^as Wiscon- sin Cranberry Night, Sept. 8 at Milwaukee County Stadium when the Milwaukee Braves soluted the cranberry indusitry in a special night game. Taking part in the program were 1960 "Alice in Dairyland"; Thunderbird Winne- bago chief of Wisconsin Dells; and John M. Potter, Wisconsin Rapids, president of Wisco^nsin State Cran- berry Growers Association, and other cranberry industry repre- sentatives. Massadhusetts will have two CRANBERRY PICKING BOXES Shocks, or Nailed Let me repair your broken boxes — or repair them yourself. Stock Always on Hand F. H. COLE Tel. Union 6-3330 North Carver, Mass. AMERICAN CAN PROMOTING FROZEN CRANBERRY SAUCE American €an Company this summer has been promoting a new ELECTRICITY Works For You With The Throw Of A Switch It Is Clean, Efficient - Releases Men For Other Bog Work Plymouth County Electric Co, WAREHAM CYpress 5-0200 PLYMOUTH Pilgrim 6-1300 weekends of harvest celebration at Edajville, South Carver, Sept. 24 and 25 and Oct. 1 and 2. Events will include picking demonstra- tions and the selection of the 1960 Cranberry Highway Queen. READ CRANBERRIES OCEAN SPRAY NAMES COMMITTEES Three major committees of Ocean Spi*ay Cranberries, Inc. have been appointed from the board of directors as follows: Finance committee chairman, Bert Leasure, Manitowish Waters, Wisconsin; vice chairman, Thomas B. Darlington, New Lisbon, New Jersey; secretary, Norman L. Brateng, Long Beach, Washin- ton; David W. Eldredge, South Carver, Mass.; Carroll D. Griffith, South Carver, Mass.; Elmer E. Raymond Jr., Braintree, Mass.; Richard J. Lawless, Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin. Operations committee, chair- man, Chester W. Robbins, Onset, Mass.; vice-chairman, Tony Jon- jak, Hayward, Wisconsin; secre- tary, William E. Crowell, Dennis, Mass.; Lawrence S. Cole, North Carver, Mass.; Frank P. Crandon, Acushnet, Mass.; John E. Cutts, Vincentown, New Jersey; David E. I*ryde, Grayland, Washington; Alvin R. Reid, Hanson, Mass. Marketing committee, chair- man. Miss Ellen Stillman, Hanson, Mass.; vice-chairman, William S. Haines, Chatsworth, New Jersey; secretary, James Olson Bandon, Oregon; Donald S. Duckart, Wis- consin Rapids, Wisconsin; Russell Makepeace, Marion, Mass.; Ger- ald M. Potter, Warrens, Wiscon- sin; Marcus M. Urann, Duxbury, Mass. Western Pickers Parts and Repairs Agent for 1960 Model ORDER NOW J. L BRALEY & SON MACHINE SHOP 78 Gibbs Ave. Wareham, Mass^ HAVE YOUR REPAIRS DONE NOW Brewer & Lord INSURANCE 40 Broad Street, Boston, Mass. ARTHUR K. POPE HORACE H. SOULE CONVERSE HILL CHARLES M. CUTLER WILLIAM B. PLUMER EBEN A. THACHER ROBERT A. SULLIVAN HERBERT R. LANE EDWARD H. LEARNARD VINCENT M. WILSON JOHN B. CECILL, JR. Serving the People of New England Since 1859 FOR PREFABRICATED FLUMES SEE RUSSELL A. TRUFANT HYDRAULIC CONSULTANT PREFABRICATED FLUMES BOG RAILROADS UNION 6-3696 North Carver, Mass. Mass. Cranberry Station and Field Notes by J. RICHARD BEATTIE Extension Cranberry Specialist The cranberry harvest came to an abrupt halt Monday, September 12, as Hurricane Donna swept by southeastern Massachusetts. It is too soon to aipipraise the damage to bogs and crop but early reports indicate it to ibe relatively light. A few ibogs were inundated with salt water, a numTber of flumes were damaged, and picking boxes were scattered over the landscape. There was of course damage to buildings and power failures in screenhouses and processing plants, but losses were definitely less than those experienced from the hurricanes of 1938, 1944, and 1954. This was due to the ample warnings given the entire area but more significant was the slight change in the direction of hurri- cane Donna as it neared the Cape area. For this we are extremely grateful. Certainly, our industry would ibe sorely taxed to weather another major IdIow either of the man-made variety or one due to the elements. The follofwing "Flash Card" was prepared and mailed to growers within 24 hours following the hurricane, thanks to the good work of the county agents' offices. "PRESENT SITUATION: A few bogs were flooded with salt water during the hurricane. Many bogs were subjected to wind-driven salt sipray. The following ideas and suggestions are the collective thinking of the personnel at the Cranberry lExperiment Station, based on the experience gained from hurricanes in 1938, 1944, and 1954: 1. Very little damage is expect- ed to bogs submerged less than 36 to 48 hours if they were not pick- ed. 2. It would be well to keep off bogs flooded by salt water and those subjected to salt spray for approximately a week. 3. We expect very little damage to the berries that experienced the above conditions. 4. A good rain before picking would be a tremendous help to the bogs. The Cranberry Experiment Sta- tion is prepared to check bog water supplies for salt content." The rains that accompanied the hurricane were not sufficient to replenish our dwindling water supplies. Only 1.69 inches of rain was recorded at the Station from the storm. Much of the cranberry area received considerably less. While the rain gave temporary re- lief from the prolonged drought that has lasted nearly two months, considerably more is needed as we enter the fall frost season. Be- fore leaving the subject of frost, we call attention to the following radio schedule which supplements the telephone frost warning serv- ice sponsored by the Caipe Cod Cranberry Growers' Association. This is the same schedule pre- pared last spiring: We have another note on frosts that bears repeating. Those at- tending the annual meeting of the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers Association 'held in August heard the writer point out the fact that the number of frost subscribers for 1960 has dropped to 177, and that the frost account showed a small deficit for the second con- secutive year in spite of a spring that was unusually free from frosts. Unless there are more subscribers, the assessment per grower will have to be increased. For those who depend entirely on the radio for their frost reports, it should be clearly understood that there would be no radio frost report under the present system unless there were funds to pay for the costs of collecting the neces- sary information needed to pre- pare a frost irelport. These funds are collected from the subscribers Station Place A.M. WEEI Boston 590 k. WBZ Boston 1030 k. WOCB West Yai-miouth 1240 k. WBSM New Bedford 1230 k. DiaF F.M. Afternoon Evening 103.3 mg. 2:00 9:00 92.9 m!g. 2:30 9:00 94.3 mg. 3:00 9:30 97.3 mg. 3:30 9:00 R. F. MORSE & SON West Wareham, Mass., Tel. CY 5-1553 Cranberry Growers Agent For Eastern States Farmers' Exchange Insecticides - Fertilizers - Fungicides Bog Service and Supplies Agent for Wiggins Airways Helicopter Spray and Dust Service DEPENDABLE ECONOMICAL SERVICE to the telephon frost warning- service. It requires a budget of approximately $1700 - $1800 to pay for the total cost of the two systems. This budget can be realized if we have approximately 200 subscribers. It would seem that the simplest answer to the problem would be for each of the present subscribers to enroll a new grower in the frost warning serv- ice. For the fourth successive year picking machine schools were held in late August for the purpose of acquainting operators with the general maintenance, adjustments, operational techniques, and field repairs of our present machines. About 150 "students" attended the three sessions and received one and a half hours of instruction per machine. Robert St. Jacques and Louis Sherman were our capable instructors for the Darling*ton and Western machines respectively. Mimeographed instruction sheets were prepared for each machine and enabled those present to fol- low the lecture and demonstration at each session. Extra copies are available at the county agents' offices and at the Cranberry Ex- periment Station. NEW BULLETIN — MOSTLY ON CRANBERRY Dr. Bert M. Zuckerman and his summer-^time assistant John W. Coughlin are authors of a new pamplhJet "Nemiatodes Associated with some Crop Plants in Mass- achusetts." Most of tho 16 pages of this work concern the nemia- todes which infest cranbeny bogis. It is bulletin 521 of the Agricul- tural Experiment Station, Uni- versity of Massachusetts. This is a little known suibject, especially as cou'cems ci^anberries which is being extensively re- searched by Dr. Zucke-nnan and asisistants at the Massachusetts Cranbei-ry Station, where be is U. S. pathologist. The booklet states that 160 dif- ferent cranben'y bogs were sample located through the commercial cranben-y bogs were sampled crajiberry growing area of South- eastern Massachusetts, an area centering around Plymouth County and including sections of Norfolk, Bristol and Barnstable counties with two samples from Dukes County. Nemadoes were determined to genus and, where possible, to spe- cies. Known or suspected plant parasitic nematodes from nine of the craniberry bogs sanxpled. Fif- gi'cwers from at least 10 percent teen other genera were found less often. Stylet-bearing nema- todes were recovered from each of the 355 processed samples. The survey demonstrates that nemiatodes which are proven plant pathogens on other crops occur commonly in cranberry bogs. In summiary the bulletin says it presents the results of a survey of the stylet-bearing nematodes found in cranberry bogs in Massaci'u- setts. The nemiatodes associated with 11 other plant hosts are also listed. Many of these nematoes have been proven pathogenic to crcips in other parts of the United Stiates. It is reasionable to except that stylet-bearing nematodes re- duce crop yields and plant growth in this state as they do elsewhei-e. The irjformation presented in this bulletin forms a basis for studies of the eeonmic significance of ne- matode damage in this area, and, if needed ths development of suit- able methods for conti-ol of these pests. GROWERS VISIT AT WASHINGTON STATE BOG About 60 growers visited the , Washington State Cranberry and Blueberry Station at Long Beach I Saturday, August 6th. They mad^ a tour of the bog and heard Dr. Charles C. Doughty give an ac- count of work he an his assistants have been doing there. Several came from Clatsop and Coos counties in Oregon. Dr. Doughty called on Dr. Folke Johr.- son of the Western Washington station at Puyallup to continue the discussion on the use of chemic?.!'';, and on Jack Wood, county agent of Clatsup County, who told of exper- iments he had made with 2-4D. Included among the visitors v>ere Dr. Garvin Crabtree of Ore- gon State University, represent- ing the U. S. Department of Agri- culture, Dr. T. A. Merrill of De- partment of Horticulture, V/asn- ington State University, Grant Scott, country agent of Coos County and County Agent Nolan Servoss of South Bend, Washing- ton. READ CRANBERRIES A Good Flume Is Your Insurance For A Good Crop JUST UNLOADED 2 CARLOADS ALL HEART REDWOOD Planking - Square Edged or Matched 2x6 — 2x8 — 2x10 — 2x12 LET US ESTIMATE YOUR FLUME AND BUILDING NEEDS E. W. Goodfiye Lumber Co., Inc. MIDDLERORO ROAD EAST FREETOWN, MASS Phones Rockwell .S-8811 — Middlelwro 127,5 Four Issue of September 1960 - Vol. 25 No. 5 Published monthly at TheJ Courier Print Shop, Main St.. Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscriptions $3.50 per year. Second Class Postage Paid at Wareham, Massachusetts Post Office. FRESH FROM THE FIELDS Compiled by C J. H. MASSACHUSETTS Rain Slight August was one of the driest months on record but, in tempera- ture only one degree a day above normal for the entire 31-day per- iod. • Rainfall totalled only .81 inches for the month, while the normal for August is 3.60. There was .17 inch precipitation on the 30th. Before that the last appreciable radn had been on the 11th with .2 inch. July, however, had been more than normially wet with 4.36 inches nearly half an inch of whicih fell on the last day. As August went out ond Sep- tember came in this scarcity of rain had led to extreme dryness. The ground was hardnbaked. There would have been extr-eme drought conditions except for much fog, some drizzle and geneiial over- cast, damip days and nig-ht. There were few sunny days in August and sunsihine is a factor of some importance in the crop of the fol- lowing year. Irrigating Growers were keeping water high in the ditches, those having sprink- ler systems using them and there was some flasMlooding. By end of August there were some areas of scalded berries, but these were not general enough to cut croip prospects to any apipre- ciiable degree. Berries were not siz- ing as they should have. Worry ojver Frost There was worry in the minds of gi'owers over frost prosipects for September. There were no Au- gust forecasts. Reservoirs, streams, ponds were way down, and should there be an early ser- ies of frost there could scarcely be adequate protection given. Some reservoirs were so low that there was but a single frost flow remaining. Few Really Hot Days There were few thunderstorms, and not nuany reially hot days. Highest temiperature reached at State Bog was 88 on the 23rd. But there was much dampness and high 'humidity, so that in general it was a rather uncomfortable month. Year to August 31 has been a plus 292 degree. WASHiNGTOri station Name Changed Name of the Washington State Cranben-y-BluebeiTy Station at Long Beach has been changed to Coastal Washington Experiment Station. This has been done to broaden the scope of work done at the station. It has been limited by its name to cranbei-ries and blueberries, while there are now other horticultural crops and pro- blems which can be considered. August Dry August was a dry month with only 1.76 indhes of measurable precipitation; that occuring in the final days of the period. Tempera- tures were not exceedingly high, aveiiaging aibout 66.13 degrees with low average of 49.42. Humid- ity was hig-h, though with an average low of 73.26. There was a lot of fog. This was favionaible weather far disease and fungus C. I L. EQUIPMENT CO. 191 LEONARD STREET ACUSHNET, MASS. Cranberry Bog Service PRUNING RAKING FERTILIZING WEED TRIMMING Machinery Sales PRUNERS POWER WHEELBARROWS RAKES WEED TRIMMERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS - Large & Small For Further Information Call . . . F. P. CRANDON Rockwell 3-5526 H. C. LEONARD Wyman 3-4332 C. J. TRK'P Wyman 4-4601 rivf development and these problems were being watched carefully. Two Bogs Effected Lowering of the water table in the area of the station has effected the Experiment Station Bog and the Brateng bog. Some solution to the problem must be worked out or the two bogs in question will be iri-epairably damaged. Guy C. Meyers Guy C. Meyers, founder of the huge Cranguyma bog and can- nery at Long Beach died suddenly August 20, while vacationing at Barbados in the West Indies. Cran- guyma Fai-ms has been operated the past several years by his daughter and son-in-law, Mr. and Mrs. Frank Glenn. Dr. Charles Doughty, Station Director last month attended a science meeting at Stillwater, Oklahoma. NEW JERSEY Some Scald The month of August averaged out about normal but there were sultry periods early and late and unusually cool spells. The average temperature was 73.5 °F., only 0.1° lower than noi-mial. However, there were several reading in the for- ties on cranberry bogs and on Au- gust 25 and 26 a few readings in the thirties were obtained. With the exception of the 25th, 26ith and 31st, the last eleven days of the month were close to 90° or over. This was causing a considerable amount of scald of cranberries on many bogs. Greater than normal rainfall was also contributing to this. There were twelve rainy days in August with a total of 5.12 inches of precipitation. This is about .50 inch more than normal for this month. SHARON BOX COMPANY, INC. ESTABLISHED 1856 SHARON, MASSACHUSETTS We Will Buy Your White Pine Logs, Either Standing or Cut • Highest Prices Paid ® Sawmill located at North Carver, Mass. Stop in at North Carver, or Phone Sharon, Sunset 4-2021 Hold full flavor in your cranberry pack MASS. CRANBERRY PICKING SCHOOLS NOW PAYING OFF Massachusetts schools for pick ing machines were held August 29 at Hanson and Cranberry Experi- ment Station and at West Barn- stable the 30th, with good attend- ance at all. More growers were bringing in operators of machines for instruction. Instructors were "Bob" St. Jac- ques, Darlington picker, and Louis Sherman, Western picker. Both pointed out that since the schools had been held, this being the fourth year, there were fewer breakdowns, less loss of time and fewer calls for minor repairs. In- structors have been stressing cleaner picking and, importantly, less attempt for speed in opera- tion, but more careful operation. Following these instructions have made for less strain on both bogs and vines and for better pick- ing operations. Schools were in charge of Cranberry Specialist J. Richard Beattie. CRANBERRY PRODUCTS ANNOUNCES FRESH FRUIT AT $4 CASE Cranberry Products, Inc., Eagle River, Wisconsin, announced to its trade on August 24 that it was prepared to ship fresh cranben-ies at a price of $4.00 per case, or $16 a barrel, packed in cellophane or polyethene as the customer de- sired. Company expected, with bhe Wisconsin crop about two weeks late to have the fresh fruit available about September 15th. Cranberry Products also an- nounced that Carlton P. Lathrop, who has been with the H. J. Heinz Company for a number of years as food technologist, joined the Eagle River concern September 1, and was in charge of quality con- trol work and development of new products. CORN PRODUCTS COMPANY Manufacturers of fine products for the food industry . . . and popular Best Foods Division grocery brands for the consumer. SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES SOIL ACIDITY BY F. B. CHANDLER Soil acidity can alter the pio- ductioTi and the weed g-rowth in cranberries. Acoording to Crowley (3), Dar- row (4) and Franklin (5), an acid sioil is necessary for the success- ful cultuie of cranberries. The best plant to indicate an acid soil, in the east, is leather-leaf ("brown brush") (Chamaedaphne calyculata Moench) (4 & 5), and the best plant to indicate an acid soil on tihe west coast (3) would be Spirea Dou81asii Hood (sometimes called buck briusih). As most agi-i- cultui'al ci-ops dio bettei- or pro- duce better- crops on nearly neuti-al or slightly alkaline soils, pH 6-8, most of the literatui-e on soil acidity deals only with making- soils less acid. Howevei-, Truog (7) wrote a veiy comprehensive re- port on Sioil Acidity and Liming in 1938. This report Avas veiy complete including such headingis as Balancing- the Lime Budget, Relation of Soil Reaction to Plant Growlth, Rlap(ifd Testis Hor Soil Acidity, Quantative Methods for determining Soil Acidity and Na- ture of Soil Alcadity. Trulog- (7) wroite that the early theories of soil acidity were bet- ter absorption of the bases, but now the cause is known to be ti-ue acids, both mineral and or- g-'anic. The mineral acids come from the weathering of certain rocks and the oirg-anic acids come from the decay of plants and ani- mals. Truog (7) and Black (10) both report that leaching i-emoves the sodium (and calcium ions which are basic and leaves the acid. Theiefore, there is a i^elation- ship between leaching- and soil acidity. The cranberry sections are all blessed with 30 or more inches of lain, yet this piecipitation does no leadhing if the bog is under water i.ni it has been reported by Chandler (2) that the precipita- tion foi- leaching on some bogs in Massachusetts was only 19.31 inches. Therefore, early applica- tion of the winter water or late holding of the winter flood pre- vents the normiail leaching which makes the soil acid. Fertilizer Because most plants need the sioil near neutral, the effort of the fei-tilizer mlanufacturer is to make fertilizer with nearly a neu- tral residue (1). In general, the source of phospihorous and potash h'as no permanent effect on pH. However, by picking the nitrogen feitilizer ing-redients, growers may use fertilizer with an acid residue but it is not to be recom- mended to i-iapidly change the pH :is it would take too large quanti- ties in one peiar or over a short period of time to do this. The vines would receive too much ni- ti^ogen and make too much ^owth and be vegetative instead of pro- ducing fiTiit. Method of Measuring Acidiity There are a numlber of methods of measuring acidity but the one used miost is pH. This is a logoa- rithmiic scale, 1-7 is acid and 7-14 is basic. Usually soils wiU have a pH range from 3 to 10. pH 7 is neutral. A few bog's have been re- ported with a pH above 8 but they have not produced well. Because this a log-arithmic scale, a pH of 5 is ten times as acid as a pH of 6 and a pH of 4 is ten times as acid as a pH of 5. The pH of soils may be determined colorimetricly with certain indicators but it is usually detei-mined electrically with a pH meter. Harmes (6) re- poited a pH of 3-4 was best for cranberries and Stevens (8) in AMOUNT OF NITROGEN AND EQUIVALENT ACIDITY Source of Nitrogen Nitrogen Equivalent pounds lime percentage (CaCo) per lOO lbs. fertilizer Acidity Basicity Anhydrous ammoTiia Sulfate of ammonia Urea Di-ammonium pihosphate Cottonseed meal Nitrate of sodia 82.2 148 21 110 45 85 18 32 7 10 16 1945 reported over 100 or hsM of samples of cranberry soils with pH 6-7, the remainder 5-6. The pH measurements made by the author at the Masisadhusetts State Bog over a period of years siince 1946 vaiy from 4.0 to 6.6. Most of the determinations have been below 6.0 and many below 5.0. Relation of Soil Reaction To Plant Growth The relation of soil reaction to plant growth has been studied by many people. Truog (7) lists them as: "The indirect influence of reac- tion on plants is througih the ef- fects of reaction on — (1) Physical condition of the soil (2) Aviailability of essential elements (3) Activity of soil micro-or- ganisms (4) Solubility and potency of toxic agents (5) Prevalence of plant diseases (6) Competing power of differ- ent species of plants The direct influences of reaction on plants are — (1) The extreme acidity or alka- linity, a toxic destructive effect on ■ plant tissues of excess of hydrogen (acid) or hydroxyl (alkaline) ions. (2) An unfavorable balance be- tween the acidic and basic consti- uents available for absorption by plants. Of these the one dhange most impo'i-tant to cranberry growers would be #6 under indirect in- fluences which mig-ht altei- the balance between cranberiy vines and weeds. Stevens, Rogers and Biain (9) reported on the use of al- kaline water in Wisconsin (there is none in Massachusetts reser-voirs). There is an increased difficulty in producing pirofitable crops of ber- i-ies in alkaline water. Alkaline water is evidenced by some or all of the following conditions. 1 different and sometimes 'more serious weeds i2 excess vine growtJi 3 overgrowtth and absorption of flower buds 4 excess leaf dix>p 5 albnormially small crops over a period of years. Some of the iwarshes in Wis- Seve?) consin had a pH of 7.2-7.8. A cen- tui-y ago this was a booming sec- tion in Wisconsin marshes. Now it is better than it was a quai-ter of a centuiy ago but it is not up to average. Increased exposure of of the bog to weather by flooding for a shorter period of time im- proved it because more leaching could take place. Making Soils Acid The best ^vlay to make soils acid, according to Ti-uog (7) is "When for some special reason, like the control of potato scab, the growth of an acid-loving plant, it is de- sired to make the soil more acid, sulfm-, sulfuric acid, aluminum sulphate or iron sulphate may be used. Of these, sulphur is used most commonly. It takes several weeks for the sulphur to become oxidized in the soil to sulphuric acid through the action of sulphur- oxidizing bacteria, and if these are not already present in the soil, an innoculated surphur mixture should be used. In calculating how much sulphur may be needed it should be rememlbered that one pound will neutralize about 3 pounds of calcium carbonate. If inunediate action is desired for small-scale purposes, one of the other materials mentioned may be used." The above method describes al- tering the pH in a relatively short time. However, the most economic- al and natural method is to ex- pose the bog to all possible pre- cipitation, thereby leaching out the alkali and leaving the soil acid. Growers should also realize that peats are usually quite acid and sands are usually only slightly acid. 1. Black, C. A. Soil-plant rela- tionship. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York. 1957. 2. Chandler, F. B. and I. E. Demoranville. The harmful effect of salt on ci-anberi-y bogs. Cranben-ies 24 (8): 6-9. Dec. 1959. •3. Crowley, D. J. Cranbei-ry growing in Washington. Wash. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bui. 554. 1954. 4. Danow, George M. Estab- lishing cranben-y fields. U. S. D. A. Fai-mers Bui. 1400. 1924. Eight 5. Franklin, Henry J. Cranberry growing in Massachusetts. Mass. Agr. Expt. Sta. Bui. 447. 1948. 6. Harmer, Paul M. The muck soils of Micihigan. Mich. Agr. Expt. Sta. Special Bui. 314. 1941. 7. Truog, Emil. Soil acidity and liming. U. S. D. A. Yearbook of Agriculture. 1938. 8. Stevens, N. E. Flooding water used on Cape Cod. Cranberries 10 (6); 7. Oct. 1945. 9. Stevens, N. E., L. M. Rogers and H. F. Bain. Alkaline flooding water in cranberi-y growing. Trans. Wis. Acad. Sci. Arts, and Let. 32: 351-360. 1940. Hurricane Hurts Cape Bogs Only Slightly Drought Conditions Slow Size and Color, Storm Brov'.ght oirly 1.69 inches Hurricane Donna Sept. 12th did loss damage to the cranberry in- du^^try than previous storms. There v.^as flooding of some bogs in P.^Y-as^-Me County and south shore, Plymouth County. This however, Tv-^ pro'-ably under 100 rcres in ^o'-'>I extert, v.'h^'le it has been - ■ hr-'irrd in previous storms. Some other bogs were swept ^'-■^''^ wind-driven salt spray. A few '^'■ov.'ors, having learned by pre- "■r.-T '^xpprience, flooded their ^r-o-j, vn'th fresh water to keep out the salt. Bpn-ies find vines were believed to have suffered little injury from either wind or water. Ponna brought only l.ng inches cf rain as recorded at Cranberry ^^■5 + 'on, East Wareham, despite ".•ind? up to 90 or more miles per l^our in gusts. There was even les.s ••ai-i on the Cape: a single inch at ^-nndwich and only one-quaiter inch at Nantucket Island. This rain helped reservoir water '-nrnlies to some extent, but not c-'eatly. An acute shortage re- mained in case of frost. Drought conditions continued to prevail on the Cape. Before the storm, drought conditions had reached the critical stage on the Cape. Berries were coloring slightly better than they had been, but were sizing very slowly. These two factors had been holding up har- vesting. Due to smallness of ber- ry size there is now some doubt that Massachusetts will have the estimated 700,000 barrels. Two days of picking were lost due to the storm and Ocean Spray plants at Hanson and Onset lost two days of work due to power outage. This came at a critical time when shipping was about toj start. J. Richard Beattie, Massachu- setts Cranberry Extension Spe- cialist, sent out a notice to grow- ers through the county agents. This concerns the after-hun-icane| situation. i It says: "A few bogs were! flooded with salt water during the hurricane. Many other bogs were subjected to \vind-driven salt spray. The following ideas and suggestions are the collective thinking of the personnel at the Cranberry Experiment Station based on experience gained from hurricanes in 1938, 1944 and 1954. "1) Very little damage is ex- pected to bogs submerged less than 36 to 48 hours if they were not picked. "2) It would be well to keep off bogs flooded by salt water and those subjected to salt spray for approximately a week. "3) We expect very little dam- age to the berries that experienced the above conditions. "4) A good rain before pick- ing would be a tremendous help to the bogs." He added the Station was pre- pared to check bog water supplies for salt content. Berries Gpei^ At $17 Barrel Ocean Spray Cranbenies. Inc. controlling approximately 80 per- cent of the total U. S. cranberry crop, on Sept. 9 sent out its open- ing price for early blacks from Massachusetts and New Jersey. This was §4.25 a case, or $17 a barrel, $1 higher than the open- ing of 1959. The cooperative guar- anteed the price of cranberries on unsold floor stocks purchased on the list against its FOB price de- cline for 10 days from date of re- ceipt of product. CRANBERRIES PROVIDES A NEEDED MEDIUM OF INFORMATION FOR ALL GROWERS Subscribe To Cranberries Responsibility Of Agriculture In An Age Of Chemicals (Editor's Note. Following is the nearly complete text of a notable address given by Dr. W. L. Pop- ham, USDA before the annual meeting of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers Association at Wareham. Dr. Pojham covered a topic vital at this time.) We are living in an age of chemicals. The efficiency of to- day's industrial production, the vast improvements in the protec- tion of human health, the better methods of controlling household pests, all these things and many more are directly or indirectly de- pendent upon the intelligent use of chemicals. Chemicals are nothing new. We have been surrounded by them since the beginning of time. The food we eat, even our own bodies, are naturally made up of chemicals. But in today's world, scientists hav^ probed more deeply into the coirricsition of matter and have learned how to synthesize nature's chemicals, and to change them so as to make them more useful to mankind. With these tailor-made materials available, we are realiz- ing benefits and comforts never dreamed of by past generations. These changes have been re- flected in agriculture, perhaps to a greater extent than in most other segments of our civilization and economy. The fact that Ameri- can consumers today enjoy the highest quality food supply the world has to offer . . . the fact that these wholesome and nutri- tious foods come in a wide variety and convenient form, the fact that this Variety is available every day in the year at reasonable prices, all these remarkable accomplish- ments by farmers and the food industi-y are due in no small part to the use of agricultural chemi- cals. Farmers have come to rely on chemicals to protect crops and livestock from insects, diseases, and weeds, and to increase the effi- ciency of farm operators in many other ways. Food processors and distributors need chemicals to pre- serve and enhance the natural excellence of foods after they leave Dr. W. L. Popham giving his the farm, and to insure that the products reaching the consumer are prepared and marketed under the highest standards of sanita- tion. You, as producers, of food, and we as consumers, need these chemicals; we derive great benefir from them, and we must continue to use them. Our Problem Today Just what is our problem today ? Why are agricultural chemicals so much in the lime ligfht? There is no simple answer but part of it at least is tiiaceable to war-time de- mands for an increased food supply with minimum labor, there was a address to Massachusetts growers. (CRANBERRIES Photo) sudden and urgent need for pro- cessed and packaged food that could be transported and stored anytwhere in the world, there was need to protect our anned forces from the ravages oi uisease-can-y- ing and annoying insec)ts and rodents. Coupled with these war- time demands, consumers have come to expect the hig-hest stand- ards of quality and wholesome- ness in the food they buy. The pub- lic has demanded and received re- lief from the housefly, mosqui- toes, chiggers, dog ticks, and the m/any pests that only a few yeiars Nin9 hm- Guided groups toured the Station at annual meeting of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association. This group, led by J. Richard Beattie (fourth from left front row, with paper in hand) is looking at an all- purpose bog vehicle designed by Prof. "Stan" Norton, Station staff engineer. (CKANBERRIES Photo) ag-o were a constant menace to our livestock and pets. I am afraid at times the memory of those who are pi'dne to criti- cize the use of pesticides is al- bog-ether to short. But there are two sides to the problem. In a period of ahouit 20 years the use of pesticides in the production and marketing of foodis hais increased more than 10 fold. Agiicultural chemicals, including fertilizers, have become a billion dollar industry. The profitable pro- duction of our major food and feed crops rests heavily on technical advances of the past 25 years. In a talk before the American Instittite of Biological Sciences in 1956, Dr. B. T. Shaw, Administra- tor of the Agriicultural Research Service, had this to say: "In the last quarter-^century, science has broug'ht this country greater ma- terial advances than in any period in all history. Scientific break- throughs in the laboratory have been translated by agriculture and industry into new products and netw practices that have revolu- tionized our standards of living and our way of life." Any such ad- vancement or expansion is bound to create piioblems. The question you have asked me . . . .what are we doing about it, and what is USDA's pai-t in the total effort? On January 14, 1960, Secretary Benson said: "The Depai-tment coneiders that the safety of the Nation's food is its first responsi- bility in carrying out assignmients from the Oontgress. This principle guides USD A proigrams and regu- latory and service activities per- tain :ing to foods and to the use of chimicals in food production and distribution." But let's stait from the beginning: In creating the De- partment of Agriculture in 1862 the Cong-ress defined in broad terms the functions to be per- foi-med - "to acquii-e and diffuse useful infomiation on subjects connected vnth agriculture in the most general and. conrprehensive sense." You will note that the emphasis was on researdh, developing new information of use to the farmer, and education — im*parting this infonnation to the public in a manner that it could be vridely and effectively utilized. Since then, of course, Congress has added miany new functions and responsi- bilities, some of which have a direct bearing on recent happen- ings affecting your industry. In the field of research, the De- pai'tment, along with State ex- periment stations and industiy, are constantly seeking new in- formation wihich will enable you, as cranbeny growers and pro- cessoi'S, to offei" the public a ihigh-quality, w'holesome product at a profitable, but attractive price, to the consumer. Tribute To Cross You people here in the East are extremely foitunate in having so close at hand a branch of your State Experiment Station devoting- undivided attention to problems as'Siociated with your industry. M'ore than that — I doubt that there is a man anywhei'e in the cou:ntry w'hio knows more about cnaniberry culture than Dr. Chester E. Croi&s who directs this Station. We in the Agricultural Research Service know Dr. Cross, we know bis work . . . and we have the hig'hest reigiard for his ability and intcgiity as a scietist, we know his research has served you well. To keep current on new infonna- tion developed by research is not tiho problem that it was some years ag-o. The Aigricultua-al Ex- tension Seivi'ce in your State, as in other parts of the country, has personnel to keep abreast of new devel'opiments and to imp^art that informiation to you. If you don't call on them, that is your fault. If you do call on them and they dion't have an answer and can't find an answer, you have very likely identified a problem that needs further research attention. Regulatory Nciw we come to the reg-'ulatory aspects of modern agriculture. As I mentioned before, chemicals have found many new uises on the farm and in our food industry. The pro- blem is to dervie full benefit froni them without harm to anyone. . . and that bri-ng-s us to the matter of regulations. Some years ag'o, when I entered Goviernment Service, Dr. W. A. Taylor, then Chief of the Bureau of Plant Industry, as a part of my indoctrioiation, made a simple ob- serviation that I have never for- gotten. He said: "Wihen I joined the Bureau of Plant Industry in tihe Department reg'ulations were set forth on two minmeographed sheeits, doubled spaced. We now hiave a volume of some 200 printed pages. Each new regulation has re- sulted from someone gr'osisiy abus- ing privileges granted them." He s;aid "I ihope you young people will not contribute further toward this trend." In meeitirug its' responsibility to the consumer, the Department of Agriculture administers a num- ber of regulatory programs: I, The Meat Inspection Act of Grower from farthest away at Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Asso- ciation was Norman V. Holmes, now growing cranberries at Lulu asiand, Vancouver, British Columbia. He was a former grower of Carver, Mass. (CRANBERRIERS Photo) 1960. 2. The Insecticide Act of 1910. 3. The Agricultural Market- ing Act of 1946. 4. The Fedeiral Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act of 1947. 5. The Poultry Products In- spection Act of 1967. 6. Public Lanv 86-139 of 1959, which extends coverage of the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act to include nematocides, defoliants, desic- cants', and plant-growth regu- lators. I am going to confine my re- marks to legislation dealing Avith the use of pesticides whidh is, of course, the primiary concern of you folks at this time. The first law enacted by Con- gress beairing upon insecticides was in 1910. This Act, known as the "Insecticide Act" was passed to pirevent the manufacture and sale of adulterated or misbr-anded paris greens, lead arsenates, and other insecticides and also fungi- cides. It also regulated the inter- state distribiotion of these pro- ducts by allowing the Department to sample and test products to asceiijain if the label statements leg'ai'diiig perfoiunances and safe- ty were accurate, and to detemtiine if the composition and quality of the product were as stated on the label. Failure to comply witih the Act was cause for seizure of the shipment or prosecution of the shipper. In 1947, the Insecticide Act was amended. The new law wtas broadened to include herbicides, rcdenticides, and devices. A new provision was added at this time requiring tlhiat these prouets be registered with the Deipiartment before interstate shipment. One reason for requiring registration was to bring to the attenition of the Department the products that were g-oing into the market. Speci- fic information regarding the labeling of the product, direotions for its use and evidence of its com- position, effectiveness and safety w"as required. This was intended to allow for a basic evaluation of each product before it reached the intended user and thus pre- vent injuiy to him. The authority to collect and test samiples and to brimg seizure or prosecution re- mained as it had been in the 1910 Act. The scope of the 1947 law was extended in 1959 to include nema- tocides, plant regulators, defol- iants, amd desicoaTTits. In 1954, Congress enacted P.L. 83-518, commonly known as the M511er Amiendment to the Federal Food, DiTiig, and Cosmetic Act. This Act established special pro- cedures for getting tolerances or exemptions for residues on food or feed crops for any of the products regulated by the Insec- ticide Act of 1947. It also covers those produces added to t?iat Act in 1959. Of course, if a product is recognized as safe a tolerance or exemption is not required. The Miller Amendment is administered by the Food and Drug Administra- tion. However, it does assign two duties to the USDA. The Depart- ment must certify to the Food and Drug Administration as to the usefulness of a chemical before a tolerance or exemption will be set for it. The Department must also advise the Food and Drug Ad- miinistration as to the amount of residue of the chemical likely to Wisconsin Opens 1960 Ball Game, Cranberry remain on the treated food or feed crops, when the chemical is used as directed on the label. You can readily see that chang- ing times created new problems requiring legislation which would insure accurate labeling of ma- terial offered in interstate com- merce. Then as industry grew and problems became more complex, there came the Delaney clause. This is a provision in the Food Additives Amendment to the Fed- eral Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (P.L. 85-929, Sept. 6, 1958). This amendment does not apply to pesticide chemicals on growing crops. The amendment requires that the use of any substance which can reasonably be expected to result in that substance becom- ing a component of any food or changing the characteristics of any food niust be covered by a Food and Drug reg-ulation prescribing the conditions under which the additive can be safely used. How- ever, the Delaney clause states that no such regulation may be issued prescribing safe conditions of use "if the additive is found to induce cancer when ingested l)y ma.n or animals *** or to induce cancer in man or animals." Amino Triazole Aminoitriazole was discovered to be a good weed killer in 1953. It was highly selective, not too cost- ly to produce, and gave every evidence of having a useful place in agi-iculture. The first the De- partment heard about it was in September 1965 when it was pro- posed for use in tihe control of perennial weeds in pastures and non-crop areas, (accepted for such use in March 1956). In December 1957 it was accepted for use on corn, in February 1958 accepted for use on cranberries, and in October 1959 it was accepted for use in apple and pear orchards. Now keep in mind two or three things. First the manufacturer had synthesized aminotriazole some- time prior to the date we heai'd about it. When he applied for registration for use on cranbeiiy (Continued on Page 16) Season With Night About 4U,0UU Milv/aukee Bi-aves fans were treated to a unique ceremony promoting cranberiy pro- ducts at a game between the Braves and the San Francisco Giants at the Milwaukee County Stadium evening of September 8th, as Wisconsin' gigantic kick-off to the 1960 cranberry season. This marked the first annual Wiscon- sin Cranberry Night, featuring cranbeiTy products and promoting them, tying this Wisconsin agi-i- cultural product with the Braves, one of Wisconsin's outstanding sports entei-prises. Pi-e-game ceremonies included the presentation of cranberries and Indian headdresses by Chief Thunderbird of the Winnebago In- dians of Wisconsin Dells and sev- eral of his "braves" to all members of the ball team. There was an Indian ceremonial. Milwaukee Braves officials ap- peared before the game to ex- plain the significance of the spe- cial program. John M. Potter, president of the Wisconsin State Cranberry Growers' Association and other cranberry officials also appeared. During the game, cranberiy juice cocktails were sold by the Braves concessions with vendors wearing badges and caps proclaim- ing the goodness of Wisconsin cranberry products. At the end of the game there was a huge fireworks show fea- turing cranbeny themes, dancing in the mlain lobby of the stadium to music by the Braves Gei-man band and gifts of cranbeny pro- ducts to all the women in the stands. Cranberry recipes were passed out to all attending. Preceding the g-ame there was a huge amount of cranberiy publi- city. Red and yellow balloons were handed to children at the Braves stadium by Wisconsin Dells In- dians in full regalia following a game between the Braves and St. Louis Cardinals the evening of Au- gust 30th. News releases with photographs were issued to 35 Wisconsin daily newspapers. Radio jingles or com- :s^^s; mercials were on 13 Wisconsin ra- dio stations; TV commercials were shown. Ten thousand red and white Wisconsin Cranben-y Night post cards were distributed. Photos and information were distributed by the United Press, Madison office. A batch of cranberiy recipes went out to all Wisconsin dailies and to 31 miarket dailies. Releases were sent out to several general news magazines and sports magazines, and an add was placed in the Sporting News the week of the ball game, to more tihan 145,000 readers especially interested in baseball and other sports. A special bus trip was made from Wisconsin Rapids, heart of the Wisconsin cranberry industry, to the game, the trip including transportation, a ticket to the game and a box lunch. (Governor Gayiord of Wisconsin proclaimed Cranberry Week in Wisconsin. Lieutenant Governor is Dr. Philio Nash of Wisconsin Ra- pids, a cranberry grower, who took part in the observances. The event was sponsored by Wisconsin State Cranberry Grow- ers' Association, Wisconsin Rapids; Cranberry Pi^oducts, Inc., Eagle River Wisconsin, Indian Trail, Inc. Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin, Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc., Hanson, Massachusetts and the Milwaukee Braves. Jersey Growers Hold Annual Summer Meeting Summer meeting of the Ameri- can Cranberry Growers' Associa- tion was held August 25, at the attractive new Agriculture Center of Ocean County near Toms River, N. .1. Aboult sixty growers were in attendance, President Anthony R. DeMarco presiding. Mr. DeMarco voiced confidence in the compet- ence of the industry to over-come the trials ahead and to eventually prosper. Elmer Nordberg of the UjS.D.A. Crop Reporting Service gave the estimate of New Jersey's cranber- ry crops as S5,000 barrels and 1,300,000 barrels for the nation. Tn New .Jersey the crop is not quite as good as normal around the Obatsworth area and better than normal in the Ocean County region. Berries will apparently be of average size as 70 % of the growers reported medium size while 11% reported large size and only 13% thought their ber- ries would be of small size. Orrin G. GoUey, President of d'anberry Institute, gave an in- teresting talk on the future plans of his org'anization, which repre- sents almost, all of the cranberry gi'owers in the counti-y regardless of marketing cooperative member- ship. Mr. CoUey gave evidence that eveiytihing possible is being done t:o pi^omote confidence in cran- berries and that unusually wide publicity is being given the crop. He cited the fi'eezing of cranber- ry jelly in the can to make cran- beiTy shertbei't as an example of a new use of the product to stim- ulate sales. He also discussed the plan to develop a foreign market for cranberries and the possible use of marketing agreements. Philip Marucci of the Rutgers Cranberry and BluebeiTy Research Laboratory presented a talk on cranben-y tipworm. He showed charts which illustrated that even on the besit New Jersey bogs this inconspicuous little fly could re- duce the crop by as much as 40 to 50 per cent. Diatta were presented to show that late-held bogs, which were previously thought to be in- vulnerable to the attack of tip- worm, were in some instances bad- ly hurt. In a business session William S. Hiaines reported on the activity of the State Bog Committee. This committee was formed in 1959 when a resolution was carried un- animously to petition the Exi>eri- ment Station to develop an ex- perimental cranberry and blueber- i-y bog in the Wiharton Tract. Bill Haines reported that the interest of Dr. Ordway Starnes, Associate Director of the N. J. Agricultural Experiment Station, in such a property was assured and that a tentative site had already been se- lected after a field trip into the Wharton Tract by Dr. Starnes, Bill Haines, Jack Cutts, Ross Cutts, Philip Marucci and Han-y Moulter. A discussion of the proposed jet airport in the cranberry area of New Jersey was held. Ed Lip- man reported on the meeting of his committee with Geogre Rogers, Executive Secretary of the Burling- ton County Planning Board. Mr. Rogers attempted to assure the growers that the airport would stimulate prosperity for the area without interfering with agricul- tur. Mr. Lipman pointed out that the real estate tax situation would be worsened. Joseph Palmer stated that cranbeiTy growers would have acute water problems if the air- port were established. He also (Continued on Page 16) ASRBOAT SERVICE AIRBOAT SERVICE RAYMOND REID 503 ELM ST. HANSON, MASS. Tel. CY 3-6441 or CY 3-2573 Fourteen (SdJt^yal5 ISSUE OF SEPTEMBER 1960 VOL. 25 - NO. 5 C^iSS^iSSg^ A EUROPEAN MARKET With the largest total crop ever, if it comes out that way in the picking, but with no surplus from previous years, the industry is now face to face with its great- est marketing problem. Even without the remnants of the market scare and debacle of last season to whatever degree this timidity in buying cranberries lingers in the mind of the consumer, this would be a crtical marketing year. We are going to have expanded help from the United States Department of Agriculture, in promotion and probably in buying up some of any surplus for school lunches, welfare andsoforth. Perhaps we are going to get help from this power- ful source in opening up European markets for cranberries, as Orrin G. Colley, pres- ident of Cranberry Institute pointed out at annual meeting of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association. There has never been much of a mar- ket in Europe for cranberries, somehow. But this could be of tremendous help. Maybe, cranberries with chicken, as sug- gested, as sales of chickens from America are increasing in Europe. We can, ap- parently, dispose of a million barrels of cranberries in a year, but anything over that may tend to become surplus. This will be the seventh crop of more than a million barrels of cranberries since 1953. (We sure can grow cranberries.) THE CRANBERRY INSTITUTE And, speaking of the Cranberry Institute that opens up our hope that the industry will continue to adequately sup- port this unit of the industry. It is a most important unit of the industry. Perhaps many do not understand its full function. It is the one over-all group which can speak for the entire industry, cooperative and independent, alike. Without the help of the Institute in the effort to obtain gov- ernment indemnity for the market debacle we could probably not have obtained this industry life-saver. As it does speak for every cranberry grower it can assist in opening up new CLARENCE J. HALL Editor and Publisher EDITH S. HALL— Associate Editor Wareham, Massachusetts SUBSCRIPTIONS, ?3.50 Per Year, FOREIGN, $4.50 CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin LEO A. SORENSON Cranberry Consultant Wisconsin Rapids Wisconsin Washington Dr. CHARLES C. DOUGHTY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. Oregon GRANT SCOTT Coquille, Ore. Massachusetts Dr. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. EDWARD K. KNAPP Barnstable County Agricultural Agent OSCAR S. JOHNSON Barnstable, Mass. New Jersey P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey markets or strengthening old ones. The very few cents a barrel it requires to give the Institute funds to work with represent money wisely spent. "In my opinion, our future lies in new and improved products," President George C. P. Olsen of Ocean Spray told growers at the annual stockholders meeting. It is predicted by experts in the food process- ing and marketing fields that within 10 years 50 percent of our total volume will come from products which we do not now manufacture. JERSEY MEETING - Continued from Page 14) stated that the Hydrological Pro- jects of the Pine Barrens of New Jersey, a study which was initiated by the A. C. G. A. to determine fundamental facts about water in this region, would be completely invalidated by this airport. Advertise In Cranberries New Indian Trail Quality Strained Cranberry Sauce Whole Cranberry Sauce in Syrup Cranberry Juice Cocktail Plus otir regular line ^^MEmmm INDIAN TRAIL INC. P. O. Box 710 Wisconsin Rapids, Wis. AGE OF CHEMICALS - (Continued from Page 12) bogs he had years of experimental data on hand. Tihese data were checked by State Experiment Sta- tions, in fact I would suspect that Dr. Cross was one of the first to appraise its usefulness in cimn- berry culture and to study residues that might be associated with its use. Now where do we stand? Ami- r.(;triazole is leg-ally registered, on a no-residue basis, with the U. S. Department of Agriculture for use as a weed killer in cranberry bogs. The directions for use ap- pearing on the label are specific. There is no evidence to indicate that when these directions are followed, the treatment will result in a residue. As in the case of thousands of other similar registra- tions it is important that the di- rections On the label be carefully obsei-ved. This is a responsibility that growers must assume. I see no alternative other than for some public agency to be made respons- -ble for the suiveillance of the use of pesticides. I think this unneces- sary and I hope it never comes to pass. WISCONSIN HEADQUARTERS FOR INSECTICIDES - FUNGICIDES HERBICIDES DUSTS - WETTABLE POWDERS - EMULSIONS Parafhion — Malathion Ferbam — Dowpon Liquid and Granular Weed and Brush Killers Hopkins Agricultural Chemical Co. P.O. BOX 584 MADISON, WIS. Phone Alpine 7-1019 HUME PRODUCTS CORPORATION Designers and manufacturers of •DEGRASSERS machinery for the cranberry Industry •DRYERS • CONVEYORS SERVICES AVAILABLE TO WISCONSIN GROWERS: Steel stock from our warehouse Engineering services Complete machine shop service For information, write: HUME PRODUCTS CORPORATION Eagle River, Wisconsin m, SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS FOR SALE SEARLES JUMBO HOWES, McFARLIN Vine* for delivery in 1961 $125.00 Ton F.O.B. INTERESTED IN PURCHASING WISCONSIN CRANBERRY PROPERTIES |:**««**it: Vernon Goldsworthy B.S. & M.S. University of Wisconsin Cranberry Consultant Fees Reasonable EAGLE RIVER WISCONSIN DANA MACHINE & SUPPLY Co. Wis. Rapids Wis. MFIiS. of: SPRAY BOOMS GRASS CLIPPERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS Getsinger Retracto tooth pickers Dryers DISTR. of: VEE BELTS & PULLEYS ROLLER CHAINS SPROCKETS & BEARINGS CONVEYOR BELTING STEEL Your Foreman Deserves A Subscription to Cranberries; too OUR PRODUCTS strained Cranberry Sauce Whole Cranberry Sauce Cransweets Diced Cransweets Cranberry Apple Sauce Cranberry-Strawberry Preserv Cranberry -Cherry Preserves Cranberry-Pineapple Preserv Cranberry-Raspberry Preser Cranberry-Rhubarb Preserves Cranberry-Gooseberry Preserv Sliced and Whole Consumer Size & Spiced Cranberries Cranberry Chilli Sauce Cranberry Bar-B-Q Sauce Cranberry Orange Relish Cranberry Vinegar es Cranberry Juice Cran-Beri es Cran-Vari es Cran-Puri Cranberry Puree Cran-Bake Maraschino Cranberries Bulk Fresh Cranberries Cranberry Produets, Inc. EAGLE RIVER, WISCONSIN THE ONLY FERTILIZER FACTORY LOCATED IN THE WISCONSIN CRANBERRY AREA KICKAPOO FERTILiZERS Stevens Point CORRUGATED CULVERT PIPE and FLOW GATES Felker Bros. R/lf g. Co. MARSHFiELO WISCONSIN Phone 230 - 231 YOU Are reading this ad. Others will read yours in CRANBERRIES Magazine CRANBERRIES The National Cranberry Magazine HARVEST IS HERE We ivill keep you informed of events— As ive do the year around CRANBERRY MAGAZINE Wareham, Massachusetts ^ — y^ING A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY •^Wt ^^T\OHAL cmBERRYMASAZHfe RARY NOi/i ,9, JNIVERSr ASSACi L^ r ^PE COD EW JERSEY IVISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON CANADA .^- ii iiiilpf liili:-^ wms I960 CRANBERRIES are displayed by Miss "Buff" Elizabeth West 1960 Harvest Festival at Edaville, Mass. (CRANBERRIES PI 35 Cents OCTOBER 1960 DIRECTORY For CRANBERRY GROWERS Wcrcester Paper Box Corporation MEDFORD, MASS. Tei. MYstic 8-5305 Manufacturers of Folding Cartons and Displays WATER WHITE KEROSENE For use on Cranberry Bogs Also STODDARD SOLVENT Prompt Delivery Service Franconia Coal Co. — Inc. — Wareham, Mass. Tel. CY 5-0039 CRANBERRY GROWERS Choose and Use Niagara Dusts, Sprays and Dusters Niagara Chemical Division hood Machinery and Chemical Corporation Middleport, New York New England Plant and Warehouse Ayer, Mass. Tel. Spruce 2-2365 Wareham Savings Bank Falmouth Branch Welcome Savings Account Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent PHONE CYpress 5-3800 Kimball 8-3000 The National Bank of Wareham Conveniently located lor Uranoerry Men Funds always available lor sound loans Compiete Banking Service The CHARLES W. HARRIS! Company 26 Somerset Ave North Dighton, Mass. AMES I Irrigation Systems | Sprinklers | Weed killers > Insecticides ^ Fungicides 1 from g Cal. Spray Chemical Company s Dupont Company i Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK ALFRED PAPPI At Screenhouses, Boss and Pumps Means Satisfaetitm WAREHAM. MASS. Tel. CY 5-2000 SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES EQUIPMENT HAYDEN - SEPARATOR - WAREHAM, MASS. Irrigation Systems PUMPS SEPARATORS - BLOWERS , SCREENHOUSE EQUIPMENT I DARLINGTON PICKING MACHINES Member Federal Deposit insurance Corp. Benson Pledges USD A Help Secretary of Agriculture Ezra Taft Benson has coonmended the cranberry industry on its plans for an intensive merchandising cam- paign for the 1960 crop, and said the U. S. Department of Agricul- ture is "dedicated to helping all we can" in the restoration and ex- pansion of the cranberry market. Secretary Benson urged con- sumers, food distributors and food service establishments to take ad- vantage of the plentiful supply of wholesome cranberries and cranlberry products that will be availaible from the record crop. In praising the self-help pro- gi"am developed by cranlberry growers and cooperatives, the Sec- retary pointed out that the in- dustry last November was faced with a marketing problem unique in American agriculture. "One of the heartening events to emerge from the cranberry misfortune of last year was the manner in which the Nation's food industry worked to restore consumer confidence in this excellent food product," he said, "And it's a measure of the courage and determination of the American farmer that the growers banded together to try and i-egain their markets and livelihood by sell- ing their produce in nonmal chan- nels of trade. They have earned our admiration and our support." MIDDLEBOROUCH TRUST COMPANY MIDDLEBORO MASS. Member of The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation He added further the Depart- ment is launching a Speciala Plentiful Foods Program for cran- berries and will assist the industry in making food trade contacts and issuing information material for press, radio and television to alert consumers to the abundance of fresh and processed cranberries available for the 1960-61 season. WILLIAM F. THIELE William F. Thiele, 72, of Wis- consin Rapids who died recently at the Riverview hospital, Wis- consin Rapids, Wisconsin, owned and operated the Thiele Cranberry Company, Route 1, Wisconsin Ra- pids. For many years he was chief engineer for the Consolidated Water & Power Company, presi- dent of the Wisconsin River Pow- er Company and served as di- rector of the Wisconsin Valley Im- provement Company. He also was president of the Thiele-Kaolin Company of Sand- ersville. Pa., which supplied large quantities of clay products to paper companies manufacturing enameled papers. An avid hunter and outdoor-man, he belonged to several gun clubs. Following World War II he was instrumental in fonning the Mid- west Cranberry Cooperative, plan- ned their office building and served as secretary-treasurer of the or- ganization several years. He was among those Who promoted the idea and development of the Cran- mioor canal, which protects that area during the drought season, and enabled the area to expand to the most concentrated cranberry- gi'owing area in the state. He was also instrumental in developing the Dubay cranlberry area. He passed away following a heart attack. He is survived by his widow and three children. The Wisconsin cranberry in- dustry lost a fine supporter in his passing. EAT CRANBERRIES EAT CRANBERRIES — Sup- port your County Cranberry In- dustry by purchasing fresh ber- ries, canned sauce, cocktail and 4-H Cranberry Table Syrup. You can be assured that it is whole- some and good for you. Not only is it the most tested food in this country to ascertain this, but none of the 1960 crop is on the market to create question marks. All the berries whidh will be on the shelves this fall will be from the 1960 crop. Growers have been re- quired to sign a certificate that no unauthorized chemicals have CRANBERRY PICKING BOXES Shocks, or Nailed Let me repair your broken boxes — or repair them y»urself . Stock Always on Hand F. H. COLE Tel. Union 6-3330 North Carver, Mass. ELECTRICITY Is your good "friend" any month in the year. It is an especially valuable aid in October, when the daylight hours are shortening and you are busy with your ^ screening and shipping. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM CYpress 5-0200 PLYMOUTH Pilgrim 6-1300 befen used on the bogs. After last year's episode, growers even hesi- tate to use what is authorized, and besides, probably could not af- foi-d to — (Oscar S. Johnson in Cape Cod Extension Reporter.) Statement required by the Act of Augusi. 24, 1912, as amended by the acts of March 3, 1933, July 2, 1946 and June 11, 1960 (74 Stat. 208) showing the ownership, management, and circulation of CRANBERRIES, The National Cran- berry Magazine published monthly at Wareham, Massachusetts for October, 1960. 1. The names and addresses of the publisher, editor, managing editor, and business managers are: Publisher— Clare'nee J. Hall, Ware- ham, Mass. Editor — Clarence J. Hall, Wareham, Mass. Managing editor — Clarence J. Hall. Wareham, Mass. Busi- ness manager — Clare'nee J. Hall, Ware- ham, Mass. 2. The owner is : Clarence J. Hall, Wareham, Mas 3. The known bondholders, mortga- gees, and other security holde'rs owning or holding 1 percent or more of total amount of bonds, mortgages, or other securities are: None. 4. Paragraphs 2 and 3 include, in cases where the stockholdeV or security holder appears upon the books of the company as trustee or in any other fiduciary relationship, the' name of the ])erson or corporation for whom such trustee is acting; also the statements in the two paragraphs show the affiant's full knowledge and belief as to the cir- cumstances and conditions under which stockholders and security holders who do not appear upon the books of the company as trustee's, hold stock and securities in a capacity other than that of a bona fide owner. 5. The average number of copies of each issue' of publication sold or distrib- uted, through the mails or otherwise to paid subscribers during the 12 months preceeding the date shown above' was : 610. CLARENCE J. HAI,L. Sworn to and subscribe'd before me this 22nd day of September, 1960. fSeal) BARTLETT E. CUSHINO. Notary Public. (My commission expires April 5, 196:0 Western Pickers Parts and Repairs Agent for 1960 Model ORDER NOW J. L BRALEY & SON MACHINE SHOP 78 Gibbs Ave. Wareham, Mass. HAVE YOUR REPAIRS DONE NOW READ CRANBERRIES Brewer & Lord INSURANCE 40 Broad Street, Boston, Mass. ARTHUR K. POPE CONVERSE HILL WILLIAM B. PLUMER ROBERT A. SULLIVAN HORACE H. SOULE CHARLES M. CUTLER EBEN A. THACHER HERBERT R. LANE EDWARD H. LEARNARD VINCENT M. WILSON JOHN B. CECILL, JR. Serving the People of New England Since 1859 FOR PREFABRICATED FLUMES SEE RUSSELL A. TRUFANT HYDRAULIC CONSULTANT PREFABRICATED FLUMES BOG RAU.ROADS UNION 6-3696 North Carver, Mass. Mass. Cranberry Station and Field Notes by J. RICHARD BEATTIE Extension Cranberry Specialist Harvesting Progressive The Masasachusetts cranberry harvest has progressed reasonably- well considering the frequency of rains, frost activity, and the size of the crop. Just for the record, measurable amounts of rain were recorded on 9 days in September and 2 of the fii'st 12 days in Oc- tober. No general frost reports were issued in Septemiber, but 7 warnings (including afternoon and evening) were released during the first 12 days of October. While un- favorable weather conditions have delayed the hiai-rviesit as of mid- October, the shortage of field boxes continues to be acute and is another major factor in slovdng down the harvesting of a record crop. Little Damage From Donna The damage to bog's, including the crop, from Hurricane Donna is not considered to be serious txcept in a very few instances. Much of the wind-driven salt spray was washed from the vines and fruit during the heavy rainfall that fell the following week, when 4.7 inches was recorded at the sta- tion. The removal of the salt from the vines and fruit made the pick- ing operation easier, but more important helped replenish our tl'windling water supplies. So^me growers felt that the salt spray l)urned down enough of the weed grovd;h to ease the picking opera- tion, wfhile other could see little or no effect in this direction. New Station Worker James E. Welch of Wareham has recently joined the station staff as an assistant to Dr. Bent Zuckerman and will be spendimg most of his time in the field of nematode research. Jim is a gmdtiate of the Stockbridge School of Agriculture in Amherst, Mass., and replaces Bill Heleen who re- signed in early September. We wel- come Jim to our staff. Norton Trip To Wisconsin Professor Stan Noi-ton, our agiricultural engineer, spent the week of October 2nd in Wisconsin, observing their hai^vesting and dry- ing methods plus other handling tchniques. He was greatly im- pressed with their entire opera- tion and we expect that he will report on his trip at one of the cranJberry meetings. The many courtesies extended to him during his visits are greatly appreciated. Dr. Chandler Also In Wisconsin Dr. Fred Chandler and his wife were vacatioMng in Minnesota during this siame period. Fred met Sttan in Wisconsin and to- gether they visited a numlber of bogs which mlade it pleasant for b'Oth because Fred is acquainted with a number of the growers. First Report The first cranberry market re- port for fresh fruit was released September 26 from the Agricul- tural Marketing News Service un- der the direction of John O'Neil, Boston, Mass. This will be the 7th season that these weekly reports have been prepared for giowers and shippers. Its format was com- pletely revised in 1959 in hopes of making the report more use- ful for all concei'ned. Mr. O'Neil tells us that our Massachusetts shippers are cooperating vei-y nicely by supplying the necessary inform'ation on weekly movements, prices and condition of the Mass- achusetts crop. Those who wish to continue to receive this report should return the necessary form to Mr. O'Neil. Anyone else inter- ested in this report may receive one by writing to the Agricultural Marketing News Service, 408 At- lantic Avenue, Room 703, Boston, Mass., requesting that his name be added to the cranberry mailing list. Edaville Festirval A Cranberry Festival was held at Edaville in late September and early October to salute the new cranbeiTy harvest. Several local or- .■^anizations cooperated with the Edaville people by setting up ex- hibits to acquaint the public with R. F. MORSE & SON West Wareham, Mass., Tel. CY 5-1553 Cranberry Growers Agent For Eastern States Farmers' Exchange Insecticides - Fertilizers - Fungicides Bog Service and Supplies Agent for Wiggins Airways Helicopter Spray and Dust Service DEPENDABLE ECONOMICAL SERVICE their inidustry aiid its products. Our station was asked to prepare and man an educational exhibit showing some of our work. The Cajpe Cod Cranberry Growers As- sociation, largely through the ef- forts of Mrs. Ruth Beaton, set up an excellent dis»play of home- made cranberry dishes which not only made a very attractive ex- hibit showing the miany uses of cranberries, but also attracted con- siderable attention as evidenced by the numlber of women who asked for recipes. Ocean Spray Cran- berries Inc., provided cranberry juice, games and an exhibit of their iproducts. Another interesting fea- ture was a 4-H club booth w'here the public had the opportunity to purchase the new cranberry table syrup which sold very well. GUY C. MEYERS Guy C. Meyers, founder of the huge Cranguyma Cranberry Farms at Long Beach, Washington, who died suddenly while on vacation in Barbados, West Indies operated largely as a fiscal agent in re- cent years. One of his last trans- actions was arranging the fin- ancing of the $250,000,000 Rocky Beach dam on the Priest river in Washington, one of the largest single bond issues for a piilblic- utility system ever completed. An- other of his successful financial activities was the arranging of contracts by which Seattle City Light eventually sold bonds for $22,000,000. He represented many Washington public-utility districts in their negotiations to take over privately-owned power properties. Born in Green Bay, Wisconsin, Mr. Myers attended Culver Mili- tary Academy and several Eastern universities and worked in his early years as an electrical engi- neer. He went to Seattle in 1934 from Billings, Montana. He was well known in the Midwest as the financial middleman in mak- ing Nebraska the first "all public power" state. He figured in pow- er and utility transactions through- out the country. Much of his work was trans- acted by telephone. His bills were said to average from $2,500 to $3,000 a month. He was 71 and was a resident of the Olympic Hotel in Seattle, with an office at 35 Wall street, New York. He is survived by a daughter, Mrs. Frank O. Glenn, Jr. whose husband now operates Cranguyma, a sister Mrs. Jack Wilbert, Chicago and four grand- children. Although he sold Cran- guyma in 1955 he retained an in- terest in the cranberry industry. A Good Flume Is Your Insurance For A Good Crop JUST UNLOADED 2 CARLOADS ALL HEART REDWOOD Planking - Square Edged or Matched 2x6 — 2x8 — 2x10 — 2x12 LET US ESTIMATE YOUR FLUME AND BUILDING NEEDS E. W. Goodhue Lumber Co., Inc. MIDDLEBORO ROAD EAST FREETOWN. MASS Phones Rockwell 3-8811 — Middleboro 127.=> Indian Trail, Inc. Hold Meeting B. C. Brazeau announced his resignation as president and di- rector of Indian Trail, Inc., at a i marketing organization meeting at Wisconsin Rapds, Wisconsin. He has led the group since its formation in 1948. He, however, retains a financial interest and will be available as a consultant. A successor will be named shortly. Ben Pannkuk, vice president and sales manager of Indian Trail told the associate growers that the opening cranberry sales of the 1960 season were promising. Of Wisconsin's expected crop of 385,- 000 barrels, Indian Trail is expec- ted to provide about 70,000 ban-els, he said. Don Wilkinson, chief of the markets division of the Wiscon- i sin Departinent of Agriculture encouraged attending growers to ' emphasize the food value and at- tractiveness of cranberries. Joseph Hoelting, assistant sales manager and William Huffman, an officer and director of the company and a director of the Cranberry In- stitute wei-e other speakers. SERfOUS DRAINAGE PROBLEM AT WASH. STATE BOG The Washington State Experi- ment bog at Long Beach and the nearby one owned by Norman Bi-a- teng are faced with a serious water situation. A drainage ditch about a quarter mile from the bog was deepened two or three years ago to improve drainage in some of the area around Long Beach. Subsequently since then the State Bog and the Brateng bog have been drying out a little more each year. Water table this year dropped to four feet along part. of the State Bog. It is now dif- ficult to maintain enough moistui-e in the sand underlying the bogs in the area. Cranberry Experiment Station and Mr. Brateng are endeavoring to obtain peniiission fr-om the Drainage Commission to install a control gate so they can control the drainage. They have been run- ning into legal difficulties and opposition from non-<'ranberry growing people. \J ^^^^''''''''''' ^^'^^fif'^i: Published niouthl Issue of October 1960 - Vol. 25 No. 6 Th(^ Courier Print Shop, Main St.. Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscriptions $3.50 per year. Second Class Postage Paid at We ;ham, Massachusetts Post Office. RESH FROM THE FIELDS Compiled by C J. H. MASSACHUSETTS Heavy Two-Day Rains Exactly a week after Hurricane )onna Sept. 12 all New England xperienced an unusually heavy ainstorm lasting most of two ays. This finally broke the pro- 3nged drought which had extend- d through August and into Sep- ember to the 19th. Even Donna idn't really break this. This was a slow-moving storm, .t times with thunder and light- ling which poured heavy rain [own. Total for the 19 and 20 IS recorded at Massachusetts cran- (erry Station was 4.70 inches, or nore than 'the usual normal of !.74 for the month. Donna had )rougiht 1.69 inchs and there had )een .12 of an inch on September I. In the storm there was not ess than two inches anywhere in the cranberry area of Southeastern Massachusetts and it approached five inches at some points. The bogs had Ibeen well wet down and reservoirs were built up from their precarious low state for frost protection. No dams were washed out as the water level had been so low. Color and Sizing Better Berries which had not been coloi'ing as rapidly as desired or sizing well were mucih improved in both respects by the torrential rains. Especially was late water iinlproved and there was much late water acreage, more than usual. The storm did, however, stop all harvesting for three days. First Frost Damages First frost of the fall season came, unexpectedly on the early morning of September 17. There had been no warning issued, as it was figured berries would with- stand 25 degrees. However, at some points as low as 22 was reached and there was frost dam- age in both Plymouth and Barn- stable Counties. This was figured as not more than one percent injury. Some bogs, inclusively, however were damaged up to 50 percent, it was estimated. Rains The last week of September saw little harvest as it was most- ly a week of rains and wet weather. Result was that the end of Sep- tember had not seen the Early Blacks all harvested, contrary to custom. By that time they are usually completely in, or nearly so and the picking of the late varieties is under way. There, was, however, no indication that the preliminary estimate was fall- ing off, but might, on the con- trary (be slightly increasing. For the month as a whole there was a total of 6.5 inches of rain- fall. WISCONSIN September Varied September brought a variety of weather to the cranberry areas. The month started out very warm and wet, frosts came on the 11th and 12th, the third week brought cloudy and damp weather and ended wet and cool. The season's first general killing frosit on the northern uplands occured on the 30th. In summarizing the weather for the igrowing areas it was nor- mal to slightly below normal in temperature and above normal in C. & L. EQUIPMENT CO. 191 LEONARD STREET ACUSHNET, MASS. Cranberry Bog Service PRUNING FERTILIZING RAKING WEED TRIMMING Machinery Sales PRUNERS POWER WHEELBARROWS RAKES WEED TRIMMERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS - Large & Small For Further lnformati0n Call . . . F. P. CRANDON Rockwell 3-5526 C. J. TRIPP Wyman 4-4601 N. C. LEONARD Wyman 3-4332 Fjv^ precipitation. The late rains as- sured anilple water supplies for harvest, especially in the south central areas where water supplies were becoming acute. The net effect on this weather pattern was not conducive to berry sizing, especially in the south where most of the month was cloudy and cool. The extended forecast for October was for temperatures below normal and precipitation near normal. Harvest Begins Sept. 19 Harvesting got underway in a limited extent the 19th of the month. It was early to siart, especially with the berries matur- ing late, but some growers v.^ere anxious to get weak sections raked off to save on water. Except for the Ben Lear variety in the north and some early young planting in the south the color was poor. It was hoped October would bring sunny cool weather to help color the crop. Labor supply appeared adequate in all areas, with idded mechinization cutting down the number of workers each year. Ad- ditional marshes were using boats this year thus eliminating the need of some help for handling picking boxes. Berry Size appear Down Most marshes were fully under- way with their harvest on the 26th. By the end of the first week of full harvest it appeared as if the crop was going to be good to heavy in the north and lighter in the south. The native variety was producing very poorly in the south and there was indications berry size was going to be down on the southern marshes. It appeared the berries in the south sized vei-y little during September. Quality was expected to ibe good with the smaller sized Iberries. partly cloudy and seven days clear.V The highest temperature reading i was 80 degrees, recorded on Sep-( tember 8. Low was 39 degrees on September 21. OREGON Outlook Down Cranberry harvest in the Coos County area started about Septem- ber 26, when the first beiTies for the fresh fruit market came into the Ocean Spray warp-»vouse at Bandon. This activity was on a limited scale, though, partly be- cause of the slowness of the ber- ries to color up. Crop outlook is dn^initely down in volume from last year. Sept. Rainfall Down In spite of 11 overcast days, total rainfall during the month of Septemlber totaled only .21 imehes. Lf^st year in Septemlber, a total of 3.79 inches was measured. Av- erage i-'ainfall for the month is .":. in-hcs. Twelve days were i Retain natural flavor I without over-sweetness AND CORN SYRUPS jGp: CORN PRODUCTS COMPANY Manufacturers of fine products for the food industry . . . and popular Best Foods Division grocery brands for the consumer. NEW JERSEY In New Jersey September's weather may not have been ideal for harvesting operations but con- ditions were favorable for sizing and coloring of cranberries. Fre- quent rains, together with waiTn, sunny weather in the first part of the month were conducive to further sizing of the berries, while the cool nights in the latter half of the month were helpful in giv- ing added color to the fruit. Rains The temperature during the month averaged 66.7°. about .8° cooler than normal. The rainfall totalled 9.58 inches, of which 6.10 inches occurred during humcane Donna on September 11 and 12. These are figures for the weather station at the laboratory at New- Lisbon and they are fairly repre- sentative of Burlington County cranberry bogs. However, a mark- edly smaller amount of rain oc- , curred in the Ocean County ci-an- ben-y areas, where only about two inches fell. Water storage in reser- voirs in both areas is now adequate for the floater hai-vesting opera- tions. Donna's damage was of course not trivial to tho^e who suffered washouts of dams. The loss due to this huri-icane on a state-wide basis was very light. It is a little early to tell yet, but it seems that the U.S.D.A. estimate for New Jersey of about 85,000 barrels of cranberries \vill be quite close to the actual pro- duction. The bogs pix>ducing more than estimated seem to bo can- celled out by those not yielding as mudh. Rot is a little worse than was expected. Howe bogs look especially good in Ocean County and some grow- ers think that this variety may be coming back as a good producer in New Jei-sey. Chatsworth Area Down One of the puzzles this year is (Continued on Page 16) Siif WHAT OF THE FUTURE OF THE NEW JERSEY CRANBERRY INDUSTRY? A Visit to that State Indicates Production is now stabilizing at around 85,000 barrels and may expand slightly. By Clarence J. Hall less acreage. New Jersey production in 1959 per acre was 33.9 barrels of cranberries. In 1958 it was 35.6. In 1959 New Jersey harvested a total of 2,800 acres. In 1958 a total of 2.500. This is obviously .1 While production in the statej which once led the industry has declined until it is now in third place generally, next to Massachu- setts and Wisconsin, it appears prospects are increasing. Or at least New Jersey seems to be stablizing, with prospects of some increase, without much prosipect of substantial decrease, although, of course this depends mostly upon near-future marketing, as it does in every cranberry-growing area. This fact seems to be revealed by a brief, revisit to New Jersey and talks with a number of New Jei-sey growers. They do not appear to be discouraged. As is well known, the cultiva- tion of the highbush blueberry has cut into cranberry production, as one factor. Today many cran- berry growers also grow blues. Some who once only grew cran- berries now --iroduce the latter as a sideline to cranberry cultivation. Some have gone entirely to blue- berry production. Bogs have been ripped out in many instances and the acreage diverted to blueberry culture. Not p11 cranberry grow- ers, however, have gone into cul- tivated blueberries at all, and remain as cranberry growers, while others are still predomin- antly cranberry growers. Last yerr. lOoD, Nev/ Jersey produced 9". ^00 barrels of cran- berries. In 1P58, 89.000. The crop seems to b^ r-tabilizing at 85,000 to 90,000 barrels. "We might dro-i to 75,000 barrels in some years," said one authcrative speaker. "Or in a good year we might go up to 110,000." Some new cranberry acreage is being planted on virgin land, per- haps notably by Anthony R. De- Marco with his bogs at Chats- worth. Other iproperties such as Whitesbog have a program of re- building bog, as it seems advan- tagous. Many growers are con- centrating their efforts on im- proving their best pieces of prop- erty and growing more berries on a very considerable drop from the 10,733 acres harvested in 1931 according to a 1956 survey of the cranberry industry and the 7,601 bearing acres harvested in 1945, according to the same survey. It is even a drop from the 4,117 bearing acres harvested in 1955. But what acreage is harvested is better-bearing acreage, at least in general, as is proven by the fact that in 1930 production was only 13.5 barrels per acre. In 1938 it even dropped to as low as 7 barrels to the acre for 8,800 rcres actually hai-vested. Since 1952 with 17.9 acres per barrel on 5,800 acres, it has steadilly been ^oing up. Blueberries, in sharp contrast to cranberries are the fastest grow- in:^ crop in the "Garden State." The first commercial shipment was made in 1916, and in 1927, the Blueberry Cooperative Association shipment of 2,882^ crates (32 quarts each) and produced on something less than 100 acres. (Cranberry growing in New Jer- sey dates from 1825.) In 1959 there were 5,700 acres harvested, producing a total of 1,368,000 12 pt. trays or "flats" as they are usually called. In 1958 production was 1,404,000 flats grown on 5,400 acres. In 1932 there was a total of only 53 blueberry growers. By 1956 according to the census there were no less than 545 and the number has increased since then. In 1932 there were 305 cranberxy growers, while in 1956 this num- ber had dropped to 170. That there will probably be even fewer cranberry growers is the concensus of opinion. But these remaining will be growers with better bogs, improved bogs, producing more barrels to the acre. They will be larger growers. It may be noted that cranberry acreage has dropped 70 percent since 1939, but yield per acre has increased 164 percent. Blueberry cultivation is greatest in Burlington county, which is the largest county in the state. In 1956 there were 119 growers in that county. There is also the greatest number of cranberry growers in that county, 86 in 1956. Near Pemberton there is a great concentration of blueberry plant- at New Lisbon was incoi^orated .^ ings. A ride between New Lisbon , ■, . p ^ 12.1. _ ■ „j Tv/Ton-nniiQ «Vinws there are Magnolia shows there AIRBOAT SERVICE RAYMOND REID 503 ELM ST. HANSON, MASS. Tel. CY 3-6441 or CY 3-2573 Seven blueberry plantations everywhere through the Pines. On this trip the writer was driven by Philip E. Marucci, in charge of the Cranberry Blueberry Station and Walter Z. Fort, general manager of Growers Cranberry Company. They pointed out that many of the white, sandy roads over which we travelled were formerly cran- berry roads or cranberry bog dikes. All traces of cranberry cultiva- tion has gone. The soil is very acid, desired for blueberries. Near Sheep Pen Hill there is a par- ticularly heavy concentration, blueberries are cultivated every- where. Stunt disease of blueberries, once dreaded by blueberry growers does not seem a limiting factor to blueberry production. If a field becomes so ibadly infected that it is no longer profitable to work many growers simply abandon the diseased plots, clear new land and set out new plantations. A rel- atively new disease. Mosaic, is now being strongly noted. However, research at the Cranberry-Blue- berry lab is now under way to find means of controlling this disease. The real menace to the continu- ing expansion and a great cause of worry to the growers of culti- vated blueberries is the laboi- shortage for harvest. There is a frantic scramble on the part of growers every summer to get the berries off as they ripen. Culti- vated blueberries can be grown in great quantity, but to get them off the bushes is another matter. Puerto Rican pickers are brought in in great numbers and many are housed in barracks provided by the growers who also have their own cooks. Another source of labor supply is nearby Philadel- phia and these day ipickers are brought in in busses and carried back at night. Some growers own their own busses. With "everybody" growing blueberries the local picking supply is not nearly adequate. This difficulty in getting the ripe parishable fruit off the bushes before it goes by, is the real "headache" of the New Jersey in- dustry today. At a few points, notably the Hog Wallow property Eight of Haines & Haines mechanical blueberry pickers are being ex- perimentally tried out. These are manufactured in Michigan, where the blueberry crop is also impor- tant. They will pick a half acre a day. Blueberry growers, like cranberry growers, apparently will have to depend upon more mechan- ization to increase or even main- tain present Iproduction. With so much acreage under blueberry production and this growing, the harvest problem is a real one. "Cranberry production will prob- ably hold up and increase, if the market is satisfactory," said one source. False blossom, once so serious is now under control and is diminishing in severity. Para- thion and DDT is a good insect control "right across the board." Rot, once so serious in New Jersey has been gotten under control by an intensive fungicide program on the part of many growers. Fireworm has been cleaned up by DDT and is now almost a thing of the past. Cultural practices, improved, de- serve a great deal of credit for Jersey's gain in barrels per acre. Many growers have a regular sanding program. There is also the rather general practice of "holding back" a cer- tain percentage of the bogs from harvest each year. This is done by late holding of the water so that the bogs will not crop that year. This rests these bogs out of production, kills off insects and controls weeds. Most Jersey bogs are equipped with flood ditches for irrigation and frost control, but not too many have sprinkling equipment. There is a frost warning service to alert growers to the danger of an ap- proaching frost. However, there is a growing scarcity of water sources as the cranberry regions expand in real estate developments and industry. Another problem in cranberries is the cranberry harvest. It is estimated that still about half of the crop is hand scooped. Most growers who have picking machines prefer the Darlington Picker developed by Thomas B. Darling- ton of New Lisbon, New Jersey although there are some Westerns. Much New Jersey bog is still not level and will have to be im- proved for mechanical harvest. The rapid growth of the cran- berry areas of New Jersey in pop- ulation is a real threat to the industry. Growers are under con- stant pressure to sell their usually large holdings for home develop- ments, which are exlpanding rapid- ly. Prices for cranberry land for this purpose are high. Much land in Burlington county is already under option for development. Then, too, the practice of convert- ing marginal bogs mto lake re- sorts continues in this lakeless region. The incentive to cease using land for cranberry growing and to divert it to other uses is strong. The future of the industry in New Jersey really depends upon a number of imponderables. Chief of these is how fast the cranberry market can return to normal, after the amino triazole scare of last year and how well the distribu- tors of cranberries can market the fruit and at what prices. However: "We may not again compete with Massachusetts or Wisconsin in cranberry production," said one authority. "But it seems certain that New Jersey is coming back, is stabalizing, and that we will grow some more berries in the near future." In subsequent issues of CRAN- BERRIES there will appear a series of articles on individual New Jersey cranberry and blue- berry growers. Blueberry Picking Machines May Cut Labor Problem The solution to a major woriy of New Jersey bluebei-ry growers, may be in recently-invented pick- ing miachines. A recent story in the Times-Advertiser of Pember- ton. New Jersey describes the pro- cess. Article was based on an inter- view with Ernest W. Bowker of Rancooas, indepent grower who purchased one of the harvesting machines. According to this arti- eie, Mr. Bowker says four ex- perienced men oaii harvest a.s many berries as 30 hand packers - if the lalter could bs rounded r. ) when needed. Four men picked 1500 pounds of second picking Rancocas ber- ries in 8 hours. The miachine is powered by a 7 h.p. aircooled gasoline driven comipressor that supplies four air hoses swung from a long alum/inum 'boom to the picking guns. The gun, with a built-in vibrator, has four pointed rubher fingei's. It is rubbed along the branches of the bushes and shakes the berries into a canvas cart placed beneath the bush. /A further description is that the berries are then transported to the packing house where they are placed into a sorting machine. There the leaves, green fruit anl soft berries and other chaff, are separated from the good berries by vibration and air blast. The gocd berries piass over a conveyor belt, where girls remove the few green beiTis that get by the machine. Mr. Bowker is quoted as saying the machine will sort 900 pounds of berries per hour land does not remove the "bloom'' from the fruit. The picking miachine and sortei- costs $2800. Although the ma- chine works best on Rubel and Jersey varieties because they fall easier, it was found to work ef- ficiently on all varieties. It is be- lieved the bushes should he pruned to accomodate the machine. All low, inside bushes should be cut out. Mr. Bowker believes that three pickings can be gotten from the machine, but the fruit sihould he allowed ito get a little riper than in hand picking. The miachine is manufactured by the Blueberry Equipment Comipany of Grand Junicrfcion, Michigan. There were three other ma- chines in use in New Jersey this summer besides that of Mr. Bowker which he purchased out- right as an independent grower. The three were purchased by the Blueberry Cooperation Associa- tion of New Lisbon for experiment. Two were used on the Haines & Haines fields at Hog Wallow, Chatswortlh and the other by Ger- ald Critoerson at Buddtown. New Ocean Spray Director Gerald M. Potter of Wisconsin (CRANBERRIES Photo) New Wisconsin Director Has Mass. Experience Gerald M. Potter, a new Wis- consin director for Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. has had Mass- achusetts experience. In 1929 he spent one summer working under the late Dr. Henry J. Franklin at Massachusetts CranbeiTy Ex- periment Station, East Wareham and also at Dr. Franklin's bog in Lowell. After harvest he worked for a time under Carl Urann run- ning the float machine at East Wareham. Mr. Potter was foorn m Cran- moor Township, Grand Rapids, Wisconsin February 15, 1908 the son of the late Oscar Potter, prom- inent Wisconsin grower and Eva (Bennett) Potter. His fathei- at the time was employed by the Lester Cranberay Company. His family mioved to Warrens, when he was four and bougiht the present Potter marsh. He attended Warrens High School and Stout Institute at Menomomie, Wiscon- sin. In 1930 he was married to Lila Gillette of Warrens and they moved to Fife Lake, Michigan, where he managed a marsh for the Walton Cranberry Association for three years. He then went into partnership with his father and built a 10-acre marsh at Tomah. That marsh was sold to George Bennett and he worked for three and a half years during World War II at Badger Ordnance Works Kin? at Baraboo, "Wisconsin, where he was g«vernimient equipment in- spector during construction. He was eaiiployed by the Hercules Power Comipany as a plant main- tenance supervisor. After the war he bought the John Sherk property near the Pot- ter marsh. He has 12 acres of Mc- Farlins and five acres of Searles. He started another 15 acres this year and when his son returned from U. S. Armjy sei'vice he sold him a half interest and operates the pi-operty as the Wan-ens Cran- berry and Farm Service. Part of his time is spent selling irrigation equipment, crop dryers and Wynn's Friction Proofing Farm Products, for which he has the distribution for the western part of Wisconsin. He enjoys hunting and is active in town and church work at War- rens. Dr. Paul Eck Succeeds Doehlert In New Jersey Dr. Paul Eck, assistant researc'i specialist in agriculture, Rutgers University, has been appointed a3 asj^istant reseirch specialist ini cranberry and blueberry culture at the Cranberry Blueberry Station at Pemberton, New Jersey replac- ing Charles A. Doehlert, who re- tired some time ago. Dr. Eck is at his new post. His most recent position was as assistant professor of aigriculturc at the Waltham, Massachusetts Field Station, under the Univea-sity of Massachusetts. This position he held from 1957 to 1960. He was born in Elizabeth, Nev/ -erscy, September 1, 1930. He at- ^«ndod Woodbridge High School, .';Taduating in 1949. He then en- ■ ercd Rutgers University from '949 until 1953 where he received a B. S. degree and then attended Ihe University of Massachusetts from 1953 to 1955 where he re- ceived a degree of M. S. He then went to the University of Wis- consin at Madison, Wisconsin, until 1957 where he received his Ph. D., in 1957. His fields of study have in- cluded soil chemisitry, soil fertil- ity, chemistry and plant physiol- ogy. His major endeavor has been in soil-plant nutrition relationship. He has published in Soil Science, Florist's Exchange and the Mass- achusetts' Flower Growers' Asso- ciation Bulletin. He is married to the former Doris Yuengel and the couple has two children. Crop Estimate Gets Bigger October estimate for the cran- berry crop by the USDA, re- lersed October 11 raised the total U.S. figure from ths September estimate of 1,288,500 to 1,315,500, the increase being entirely in Massachusetts. There, the bumper pi'oduction was raised from an even 700,000 barrels to 740,000. Wisconsin remains at 385,000 and Oregon at 38,500, but New Jersey and Washington were indicated as drops. The Jersey production was lowered from 88,000 to 86,000 while Washington fell from 77,000 to 66,000. SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES Blonde Kay Yockey, who was chcsen cueen of the 14th annual Bandon, Oregon, Cranberry Festival is 17. She was born in Klamath Falls, Oregon and has lived in Bandon for the past nine years. She succeeds last year's queen Jane Chappell. (Photo Courtesy, The Western World, Bandon, Oregon.) Eleven MiR-h inU'iest was cTcaied at last rnorilirs iiicfuir/ )i Cape Cod Cranberry Growers Association, Ea»l Warcham, Mass., by the ditch cleaner designed and built by I*rof. "Stan" Norton, engineer of the Station staff. Machine is capable of cleaning ditches at the rate of 10 feet a mii.ute, or as slowly as desired. Ma- chine, carriage, 10 feet wide, is self propelled, with operator riding on a platform over the ditch. A verti- cal column extends down to the ditch with a working head on lower end where clipper-blades are mounted. This is powered by a 5 h.p. vertical shaft engine. Th? head assembly oscillates back and forth to cover 30 inches of. ditch. The ditch depth it is capable of cleaning is from 20 to 37 inches. Method of removal of debris is to flood the ditch and pump the debris to a disposal area. Carriage is moved in forward speed by a 3 h.p. motor. (CRANBERRIES Photo) BERTRAIM F. RYDER Bertram F. Ryder of Ocean street, Gotuit, Massachusetts passed away October 16. He was a widely known cranlbei-ry grower with 'bogs in the Cotuit area. He was 76. Mr. Ryder was for many years a director of the former National Cranberry Association now Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. He was a graduate of Tabor Academy, Marion, Mass. and of Brown Uni- versity, Providence, R.I. He was a director of Barnstable County National Bank, Hyannis; Hyannis Cooperative Bank, Cape Cod Ex- tension Service, until last year when he resigned because of rea- sons of health. He was president of the Cotuit Library Association. He was a Mason for more than Twelve 50 years, and was a past master of Mariner Lodge. A.F. & A.M., Cotuit and district deputy grand master of Grand Lodge of Masons of Massachusetts, a memtoer of Orient Chapter, Royal Ai'ch, Hy- annis. He was also a meroher of the Hyannis Rotary club. He is survived by a widow, Mr«. Florence H. Ryder, a daughter, Miss Virginia Ryder, a son Rich- ard H. Ryder, Cotuit and a brother, Malcolm E. Ryder, also a ci-an- berry grower, of Wakeby, and three grandchildren. STEVENS GlTEST SPEAKER AT TWO MEETINGS Ambrose E. Stevens, general manager and executive vice presi- dent of Ocean Spray Cranben-ies, Inc. highlighted the cooperative's marketing- plans for the holiday season when he was gnaest speaker at the Plymouth County (Mass.) Farm Bureau meeting, October 4 at Monponsett Inn, Halifax. He also spoke at the Brokers' of America Banquet October 6 at the Sheraton Hotel, Boston. Mr. Stevens pointed up the ex- tensive prog-ram Ocean spray g'rowers are carrying out to ex- pand the cranberry market through their own independent efforts. He paid special tribute at Boston to Ocean Spi-ay brokers who have been steadfastly loyal with the efforts, at a time when it was most needed. Try Cranberries Advertising OCEAN SPRAY 1930 - 1960 by John R. Quarles (Editor's Note — The address by John R. Quarles, atto'rney for Oceian Spray for its entire exist- ance and given at the 30th Anni- versary meeting" of that coopera- tive in August was so interesting, histoirically, that it will be carried in entirety in this magazine. This is the firsit installinent) The histoiy of an organization t'lan be explored from a variety of angles, depending on the aspect of its development and growth in which you are primiarily inter- ested - its structure and capitaliza- tion, its plant and properties, its manufacturing methods and re- search, its business pihilosophy and tactics, or its personnel and leader- ship. An interesting story might be told about any of these aspects of Ocean Spray's history. But to me the most fascinating of all — possibly because it is the one with which I have been most closely associated throug-h the years — is the story of its growth as a cooperative, i.e., as an association of cranbei'ry gTowers throug-h which they collectively mlarket their crops, as distinguished from an ordinary business corporation conducted for the purpose of earn- ing a profit for its stockholders. And this is the angle I will try to develop today, leaving it ti someone else at some other time to deal with other asipects. The spring of 1930 found the business and industry of the Uni- ted States generally in the tlhroes of readjustment to new and not too happy conditions, some of which had contributed to, and some of which had resulted from, the market crash of the previous year. The long-sustained inflationary trend bad develoJ)ed productive capacity far in excess of consum- er demiand. In big business some competi- tors were slugging it out in un- restrained price cutting and other forms of cut- throat co-mpetition; some were undert,aking to Heal with the problem by combination through merger or otherwise or by secret agreements limiting pro- duction, establishing minimum prices and allocating territory; and some were trying to find ways to eliminate surplus capacity and bring total production into line with consumer demand. Under these circumstances, it is not surprising that the antitrust laws came into greater promdnence and the Department of Justice be- came increasingly active. Having recently come from the Law School and, by reason of previous business experience, having more than the average interest in the business aspects of legal problems and in the legal aspects of feusdness problems, I found myself being drawn more and miore into the field of antitrust law — in fact becoming a bit of a specialist in it. On the miorning of May 9, 1930, I received a telepihone call from B. Loi-ing Young, prominent Republi- can, Speaker of the Massachusetts House of Representatives and part- ner in the Ropes, Gray firm. He explained that a representative of the cranberry industry had an anti- trusit problem which was out of his own line but on which possibly I could give some help. I went up to his room and was introduced at one and the samie time to Marcus L. Urann and the cranberry in- dustry, with both of whom, al- thouig'h of course I did not sense it at the time, I was to be involved in so many ways and for so many years to come. (To be continued) tail price of two packages for 45 cents and two for 39 cents. Ocean Spray Lowers Price Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. announced on October 14 a drop in the iprice of fresh cranberries from all areas from the previous $4.25 a quarter case to $3.50 per quarter ease. The action was taken, according to Ocean Spray to provide incentive for bigger displays and promotion to take maximum advantage of the cur- rent advertising iprogram on fresh fruit and to encourage special re- WSCGA Polled On Barrel Assessment Members Asked to Pay One Cent Per Barrel for Herbicide Residue Studies Members of Wisconsin State Cranberry Growers Atssociation are being polled to conitriibute one cent per barrel of the estimlated 1960 crop for costs to analyze samples for the determination of certain hei-ibicidal residues. Pay- ments are expected to be made be- fore December 31. This action follows a unanimous vote taken at the annual summer meeting, offered by Phileo Nash and seconded by Charles L. Lewis. The vote was "That the Wiscon- sin State Cranberry Growers As- sociation will financially support the plan presented by Prof. Dana and that a method of assessing costs be determined by the officers and board of directors of the as- sociation. At the meeting Dr. Malcoln N. Dana had discussed a plan for this purpose. He said that in order to obtain label registration to per- mit the use of materials for weed control purposes, it was necessary to provide government control agencies with data on usefulnesis of the proposed material as well as to provide information of the amount of residue remaining in the harvest crop. He said the us- ual procedure is for the manu- facturer to provide the necessaiy data for large users. He said the cranberry industry is a potentially small user of most herfbicide ma- terials. Therefore, as an industry, it must provide the means of label clearance itself. He said that Wisconsin was fortunate to have a private labor- atory facility that could and would analyze the samples and this was the Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation. He said there appeared to be only three chemicals proven to be of sufficient usefulness, these being 2,4-D Amine, Amitol and MCP Amine. Total costs he indicated as $1,678,75. (Continued on Paige 16) 6dJt>SJa.l3 ISSUE OF OCTOBER 1960 VOL 25 - NO. 6 Wisconsin Cranberry Night last month, with a baseball game, fireworks and other special events at Milwaukee County Stadium, was a huge success as a kickoff for the cranberry season. There was an investment of thousands of dollar.; and an about equal amount of hours of planning to stage the event which gave cranberries a good deal of favorable publicity. John M. Potter, president of the Wisconsin State Cranberry Growers' Association, Lt. Governor Philleo Nash, vice president of the growers' group and a cranberry grower and others were on hand to speed things along. Congressman Melvin R. Laird, who did much to aid the cranberry indemnity program was also present and a tribute was paid to the efforts of Wisconsin governor Gaylord Nelson. The event proved once again the cranberry industry is not dead and has a cooperative spirit very much alive. Quite in contrast to news stories fol- lowing "Black Monday," November 9th of last year vv^hen the secretary of Health, Education and Welfare issued his remarks concerning cranberries, are stories appear- ing this fall in newspapers and other media of information. These stories are, for- tunately, favorable to the cranberry industry. We have seen several releases and this instead of condemning cranberries, either directly or obliquely to refer to the unjust "cranberry scare" as a thing of the past and commend the efforts of the cran- berry industry and others in the fight to restore confidence in the cranberry market. These are helpful. Especially so, releases and news from the United States Depart- ment of Agriculture, headed by Secretary Ezra Taft Benson. At mid-October the movement of fresh cranberries into the hands of the wholesale and retail trade and into the hand of the housewife appeared definitely encourag- ing. The enormous advertising program of Ocean Spray Cranberries, upon which CLARENCE J. HALL Editor and Publisher EDITH S. HALI^— Associate Editor Wareham, Massachusetts SUBSCRIPTIONS, $3.50 Per Year, FOREIGN, $4.50 CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin LEO A. SORENSON Cran'berry Consultant Wisconsin Rapids Wisconsin Washington Dr. CHARLES C. DOUGHTY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. Oregon GRANT SCOTT Coquille, Ore. Massachusetts Dr. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. EDWARD K. KNAPP Barnstable County Agricultural Agent OSCAR S. JOHNSON Barnstable, Mass. Nev/ Jersey P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey so much will probably depend had not gone into effect. Buying was "spontane- ous," that is, the customary early season buying. Repeat orders were coming in. Buy- ing was in smaller lots than in previous years, but the repeats were steady, prov- ing there is a consumer demand for 1960 fresh cranberries. The quality of the fruit was described as "beautiful," that is as to both size and color. This was especially true of the Massachusetts crop, where it appears pre- liminary estimates will be over-run while this is not true of the rest of the areas. Fifteen SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS BARREL ASSESSMENT (Continued from Page 13) The various samples would be harvested and collected by Wis- consin Agricultural Experiment Station personnel, and properly WISCONSIN HEADQUARTERS FOR INSECTICIDES - FUNGICIDES HERBICIDES DUSTS - WETTABLE POWDERS - EMULSIONS Parafhion Ferbam — Malathion — Dowpon Liquid and Granular Weed and Brush Killers Hopkins Agricultural Chemical Co. P.O. BOX 584 MADISON, WIS. Phone Alpine 7-1019 New Indian Trail Quality Strained Cranberry Sauce Whole Cranberry Sauce in Syrup Cranberry Juice Cocktail Plus our regular line IJiaSffi!:, FROZEN FRESH WHOLE CRANBElBl" INDIAN TRAIL INC p Wisconsin Rapids WISCONSIN P.O. Box 710 coded, be delivered to WARF. Data obtained from the analyses would be used to prepare a petition for label clearance for cranberry grow- ers and "to reassure the market- ing oi'ganizations that, properly used, amino triazole leaves no resi- due in the cranberry crop. He said the list did not include two promising materials for which the chemical comT>anies have agreed to make residue analyses. "It is anticipated that additional analyses for other chemicals will lie needed in future years not only for herbicides but also for insec- ticides and fungicides," Dr. Dana said. FRESH FROM THE FIELDS— Continued from Page 6) the failure of the Chatsworth area to register the same improvement in yield over 1959 that Ocean County did. The lattei- county is from all reports like Massachu- setts, while the Burlington County region is not quite as good as last year. Oxygen deficiency and frosts can be eliminated as factors. Tip- worm is considered to be the main suspect. Infestation of this insect was very heavy at Chatsworth in 1959 but not as bad in Ocean County. CORRUGATED CULVERT PIPE and FLOW GATES Felker Bros. Mfg. Co. MARSHFIELD WISCONSIN Phone 230-231 SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS FOR SALE SEARLES JUMBO HOWES, McFARLIN Vines for delivery in 1961 $125.00 Ton F.O.B. INTERESTED IN PURCHASING WISCONSIN CRANBERRY PROPERTIES itri^*^****** Vernon Goldsworthy B.S. & M.S. University of Wisconsin Cranberry Consultant Fees Reasonable EAGLE RIVER WISCONSIN DANA MACHINE & SUPPLY Co. Wis. Rapids Wis. MFISS. of: SPRAY BOOMS GRASS CLIPPERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS G«tsinger Retracto tooth pickers Dryers DISTR. of: VEE BELTS & PULLEYS ROLLER CHAINS SPROCKETS & BEARINGS CONVEYOR BELTING STEEL Your Foreman Deserves A Subscription to Cranberries; too OUR PRODUCTS strained Cranberry Sauce Spiced Cranberries Whole Cranberry Sauce Cranberry Chilli Sauce Cransweets Cranberry Bar-B-Q Sauce Diced Cransweets Cranberry Orange Relish Cranberry Apple Sauce Cranberry Vinegar Cranberry-Strawberry Preserves Cranberry Juice Cranberry-Cherry Preserves Cran-Beri Cranberry-Pineapple Preserves Cran-Vari Cranberry -Raspberry Preserves Cran-Puri Cranberry-Rhubarb Preserves Cranberry Puree Cranberry-Gooseberry Preserves Cran-Bake Sliced and Whole Maraschino Cranberries Consumer Size & Bulk Fresh Cranberries Cranberry Products, Inc. EAGLE RIVER, WISCONSIN YOU ARE READING THIS AD OTHERS WILL READ YOURS IN CRANBERRIES Magazine TO THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY: GREETINGS AND SALUTATIONS! This year, the period from September 30 to October 8 will be proclaimed as Cranberry Harvest Week and observed as such in all the cranberry-growing states across the nation. This observance is particularly appropriate at this season as the industry is now engaged in harvesting and marketing another large cranberry crop. The future beckons. If we show in the months to come the enduring qualities which have sus- tained us in the months gone by, the rich promise of tomorrow will be fulfilled. Ocean OCEAN SPRAY CRANBERRIES, INC. Plants at Hanson, Mass., Bordentown, N. J., North Chicago, 111., Markham, Wash. :VING A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY -^Wt ^^■VVOHAl CRANBERRY M^^>I7,^^ ^ APE COD HEW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON CANADA I LIBRARY ^OV 2 9 I960 UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS OIVA A. HANNULA, who designs cranberry equipment that anyone may (CRANBERRI'JES 1 35 Cents NOVEMBER 1960 DIRECTORY For CRANBERRY GROWERS Wcrcester Paper Box Corporation MEDFORD, MASS. Tel. MYstic 8-5305 Manufacturers of Folding Cartons and Displays WATER WHITE KEROSENE For use on Cranberry Bogs Also STODDARD SOLVENT Prompt Delivery Service Franconia Coal Co. — Inc. — Wareham, Mass. Tel. CY 5-0039 CRANBERRIES MAGAZINE . . . rs . . . The SOLE Publication Of The Industry Accepting ADVERTISING Wareham Savings Bank Falmouth Branch Welcome Savings Account Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent PHONE CYpress 5-3800 Kimball 8-3000 The National Bank of Wareham Conveniently located for Cranoerry Men Funds always available tor sound loans Complete Banking Service The I CHARLES fl HARRIS' Company | 26 Somerset Ave g North Dighton, Mass. g AMES I Irrigation Systems | Sprinklers I ■ Weed killers g Insecticides ^ Fungicides f from g Cal. Spray Chemical Company = Dupont Company ^ EQUIPMENT HAYDEN - SEPARATOR - WAREHAM, MASS. Irrigation Systems PUMPS SEPARATORS - BIOWERS SCREENHOUSE EQUIPMENT DARLINGTON PICKING MACHINES Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK ALFRED PAPPI At Screenhouses, Boes and Pumps Means Satis f actio* WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. CY 5-2000 SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES Memner federal Deposit ln»urance Uorp. New Drying Shed At Mass. Station A new building went u/p at Massachusetts Cranberry Station last month. This structure, ap- proximately 24 X 32 feet, one story high, was erected at the rear of the garage. It was pre- iabricated at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst and sent to East Wareham for assem- bly. The main function planned is to house the experimental cranberry ilrying machine, developed by Prof. "Stan" Norton. The machine this year has been enlarged from the model of last year and works with much more effectiveness. There is a 'better system of beat, provided fcy a new oil burner and a larger volume of drying air is provided for the berries. About 200 barrels of berries were dried this fall, the second year the experiments have been in progress in Massachusetts. Berries used in the experiment were most- ly wet-raked on the State Bog. Machine is believed to be capable of drying about 200 barrels of cranberries a day. There is increasing interest in Massachusetts in this "Wisconsin Method" of wet raking and then drying the berries. The method is considerably more economical than dry picking by scoolp or machine and practically every berry is harvested with percent of loss through droppage or leaving of berries on the vines all but elimin- ated. To Choose New Cranberry Highway Queen, Princess A Cranberry Highway queen and princess will be chosen at Eda- ville, South Carver, Massachusetts on November 26 and 27 to "reign" during the remainder of 1960 and during 1961. The new queen will succeed Miss Judy Keene of Onset and little Miss Jo Johnson, 7 of Buzzards Bay as princess. The Christmas-New Year giant display of lights goes on at Eda- ville for the first time on the 24th, Thanksgiving Day. Cranberry Highway runs from Middleboro some 70 miles to Or- leans through the heart of the Southeastern Massachusetts cran- berry district. It consists of routes 28 to Wareham and then follows route 6-A along the scenic shores of Cape Ood Bay. GILBERT T. BEATON, OCEAN SPRAY, SPEAKS AT CAPE RED CROSS Gilbert T. Beaton, eastern fresh fruit sales manager for Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. was the principal speaker at the 45th an- nual meeting of the Cape Cod Chapter of American Red Cross at Hyannis, Mass., the evening of October 20th. He told of the $3,000,000 advertising campaign of the co-op, designed to bring back this year's cranberry market. He described the American Cran- berry of Commerce as one of two native fruits of America, the other being the Concord grape. He said, in fact these are the only fruits which can be definitely tracible to the United States and Canada. Mr. Beaton added that Cape Cod has the distinction of being the location of the first cultivated cranberry bog. This year, he said, the industry is starting its fight back into the consciousness of the cranberry consumer, and said that 30 per- cent of the 1959 crop bad been sold and 70 percent of it destroyed by Government permission. He told of the vast magazine and newspaper advertising cam- paign during the three months of Octoiber, November and December, of television and radio spots which started October 31, and of the cranberry spectacular to take place November 14 over NBC network. He said Ocean spray was also participating in a quantity of co- operative advertising and public- ity, whereby the product is in- cluded with others on a propor- tionate cost basis. He touched on the new product which is being sold in the Mass- achusetts area, exclusively by members of 4-H. He added this item came about solely througb a "mistake", although a fortunate one. Expanding on this comment he said it is a fine product and has many uses; when it was originally brewed, it was to be cranberry sauce. "Something hap- pened," he said and the product didn't jell. It makes a fine top- ping for ice cream and is delicious on pancakes. He added that while Ocean Spray was deliberating on the new .syrup, 4-H asked if the company didn't have some product it might sell exclusively, along the CRANBERRY PICKING BOXES Shocks, or Nailed Let me repair your broken boxes — or repair them yourself. Stock Always on Hand F. H. COLE TeL Union 6-3330 North Carver, Mass. ELECTRICITY Is your good "friend" any month in the year. It is an especially valuable aid in November, when the daylight hours are shortening and you are busy with your screening and shipping. Plymoufh County Electric Co. WAREHAM CYpress 5-0200 PLYMOUTH Pilgrim 6-1300 i lines— Girl Scouts sell a certain type of cookie. The syrup was the answer. The syrup was served on ice cream to those who attended the 30th annual meeting' of Ocean Spray at Hanson and had its in- troduction then, and has since shown isigns ocf growing into an important new use for cranberries. New Ocean Spray Movie In Making A new Ocean Spray cranberry moving picture is in preparation. This will be in five segments. There will be one of 20 minutes running time telling the story of cranberry growing, harvesting and processing, with the interesting lore of cranberries heavily under- scored. This will be suitable for showing before civic and olub groups, as was the old cranberry movie, which got a showing before about a million viewers a year. In addition to the 20-minute segment there will be four five minute segments, one of fresh fruit, one on cocktail, one on whole berries, one of jellies' sauce. These are designed for television stations which use material for daytime showing. The cost of the time on television stations for the showing is provided without cost. It is estimated they will be seen by between 8 million and 12 mil- lion persons. The new movie should last, it is estimated, at least five years as the old one was used for the past ten. This is now much out- moded with new cranberry meth- ods all along the line. Western Pickers Parts and Repairs Agent for 1960 Model ORDER NOW J. E. BRALEY & SON MACHINE SHOP 78 GiWjs Ave. Wareham, Mass. HAVE YOUR REPAIRS DONE NOW READ CRANBERRIES Brewer & Lord INSURANCE 40 Broad Street, Boston, Mass. ARTHUR K. POPE CONVERSE HILL WILLIAM B. PLUMER ROBERT A. SULLIVAN HORACE H. SOULE CHARLES M. CUTLER EBEN A. THACHER HERBERT R. LANE EDWARD H. LEARNARD VINCENT M. WILSON JOHN B. CECILL, JR. Serving the People of New England Since 1859 FOR PREFABRICATED FLUMES SEE RUSSELL A. TRUFANT HYDRAULIC CONSULTANT PREFABRICATED FLUMES BOG RAILROADS UNSON 6-3696 North Carver, Mass. Mass. Cranberry | l*% Station and Field Notes I 1**^ by J. RICHARD BEATTIE ■If-^IP Extension Cranberry Specialist W> -r ' The Massachusetts cranlberry harvest was finally completed in early Novemtoer after a rather hectic season. Frequent rains, numerous frost wiarnings, the shortage of boxes, and an all-time record crop were the major con- tributing factors ito a prolonged harvesit. These factors prompted a number of growers to consider a different method of picking which is not so dependent on favorable weather conditionsi — namely, the ipossilbility of water picking. Our station is gathering some very useful information on the subject, including the effect of such pick- ing on subsequent crops, drying techniques, and shelf life studies. It is sufficient to say at this time that we are much encouraged with the results of our investigations over the past three years. We •mil have more to offer on this subject during 'the winter months. The fall frost season was not as active as some we have exper- ienced. No warnings were released in Septemfber, but we did have some frost damage, particularly on the Cape where temperatures dropped subsitantially under our figuring on the night of September 16. Our explanation for this situation was the fact that there had been little rain from late August to late September, including the small a- mount that fell during Hurricane Donna which apparently did not break the drought. Under these conditions temperatures some- times fall lower (than expected. We regret that some bogs, particular- ly those that bad not been sanded recently or were located in cold areas, were severely injured. We 'have estimated that the irostt losses for the entire fall may range be- tween 1 to 2 percent of the total crop, or possibly 15,000 barrels. A total of 16 general warnings were reileased in October and early Novemiber compared to 20 in 19'59, 15 in 1958, 20 in 1957, and 20 in 1956. Before leaving the subject of frost, the writer would like to thank George Rounsville for his siplendid frost work during the 1960 season. We are also indebted to the U. S. Weather Bureau, our cooperative weather observers, the telephone distributors, and the four radio stations that bave co- operated in making the frost warn- ing service effective. One final note — more subscribers are needed if the present system is to operate efficiently. Growers who find the telepbone service useful should encourage others to join the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers Associa- tion to be prepared to have their assessments increased to cover the present frost costs. The writer visited markets in Boston, Cincinnati and Detroit in early November in order to check the condition, movement and price of cranberries at the terminal mar- ket, chain store warehouse, and retail levels. This is an important part of our quality control study. To say that this was a much more satisfying trip than the one made a year ago in November is certain- ly an understatement. It was ap- parent that the terminal market people, chain store buyers, merch- andisers, produce and store man- agers are olptimistic and en- couraged by the movement of cranberries prior to the Thanks- giving holiday, and fully expect heavy sales during the holiday season. The dhain and independ- ent stores have been somewhat conservative in their buying and in the size of their displays up to the present (November 17), but they fully expect, based on fav- orable consumer reaction all fall, to give our cranberry products the advertising and promotional at- tention that they so richly deserve. Another encouraging factor was the fine condition of our fresh cranberries. Samples were pur- chased in approximately 10 stores in each of the above markets and were carefully checked as to con- dition. The complete results are not available at this time but it can be stated that the condition of iresb cranberries, based on this quick sampling technique, is the best that the writer bas found in R. F. MORSE & SON West Wareham, Mass., Tel. CY 5-1553 Cranberry Growers Agent For Eastern States Farmers' Exchange Insecticides - Fertilizers - Fungicides Bog Service and Supplies Agent for Wiggins Airways Helicopter Spray and Dust Service DEPENDABLE ECONOMICAL SERVICE the six years that he has been visiting these particular markets. This may be partially explained by the fact that the majority of the trade placed their new orders only after their inventories have been nearly delpleted. The fact remains that our products are reaching- the consumer in good condition in the markets visited. This first-hand information gained from this trip was extremely en- couraging and gratifying. A very interesting day was spent in mid-November visiting Radio Station WGY, Schenectady, New York — one of the oldest radio sta- tions in the country. The writer made a radio broadcast and a TV appearance, wihieh of course fea- tured cranberries. Don Tuttle, Farm Program Director, was ex- tremely helpful last fall, as were many other farm program direct- ors, in helping the cranberry in- dustry regain its position in the agricultural picture after the un- happy events of a year ago. Mr. Tuttle sent Mr. Kenneth C'om- stock, news photographer, to the Cape in late October to film in- teresting scenes, including har- vesting, screening and packaging of various cranberry products. We were pleased to assist 'him in this matter. A telephone recording was made in late October for Station WTIC in Hartford, Connecticut, under the direction of their farm pro- gram director, Frank Atwood. A- gain, this station had been most helpful last fall. The purpose of the broadcast was to inform the station listeners that our cran- berry industry was back in bus- iness with plenty of fine cranberry products for the holiday season. It has been most encouraging for all concerned to realize how many friends our industry has had this past year. We would not attempt to list the many groups, organizations, associations, and individuals wiho have been so help- ful but the writer sincerely be- lieves that a special thank you is in order for Secretary of Agri- culture iEzra T. Benson who, along with his entire department, were among our staunchest friends throughout the most difficult period in our hisitory. OCEAN SPRAY REPORTS SALES GOOD AS 1958 On November 11 Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. sent out notices to its distributors that sales were equal to those of the 1958 season. It repor'ted New Jersey Blacks were all sold out; ^so were New Jersey Howes, and also the Howes of Oregon and Washington. Report quoted Massachusetts and Wisconsin lates at $3.50 a ouarternbarrel case. A Good Flume Is Your Insurance For A Good Crop JUST UNLOADED 2 CARLOADS ALL HEART REDWOOD Planking - Square Edged or Matched 2x6 2x8 2 X 10 2 X 12 LET US ESTIMATE YOUR FLUME AND BUILDING NEEDS E. W. Goodhue Lumber Co., Inc. MTDDT-EBORO ROAD EAST FREETOWN. MASS Phones Rockwell .3-8811 — Middlehoro 127.') Mass. And Total Crop Up To New Record For 1960 The size of the Massachusett.- cranberi-y crop is the big news ol the 1960 crop. It was estimatec November 14 by the USDA as 790,- 000 barrels, 100,000 barrels more than the previous record crop ol 1953. This production is 4.5 per cent more than last year, and 4: percent more than the average 1949-58 production of 557,40^ barrels. As one grower put it "Everybody grew cranberries thi- year, bogs that haven't borne ir years, even up under the pine trees." Nationally the crop is now esti- mated at the record level of 1,344,000 barrels. This is 9 per- cent above the previous record ot 1959, and 35 percent above the 1( year average of 993,000 barrels. New Jersey dropped from 95,- OCO in 1959 to an estimated 86,000; Wisconsin from 440,000 last year to 385,000; Washington from 106,- 000 to an estimated 52,800 and Oregon from 51,200 to 30,200. Wis- consin bemes were slightly smal- ler than usual due to a short grow- ing season. Mass Harvest Finally Complete November started out with heavy rain, further delaying har- vest. Then there were several days of warmer than normal temp- eratures, but a chill wind made the weather seem cold. By Nov- ember 7th ithe month was minus four degrees from normal. Temperatures then gi'ew colder until they reached minus 14, and at midmonth were — 4. There was one frost warning, November 3, the sel'^ace ending November 7. Harvesting, delayed by many October frosts and rainy weather; also by a scaixrity of harvest boxes and storage sipace, was finally concluded the week of November 14. Issue of November 1960 - Vol. 25 No. 7 Fubhshod monthly at Th^ Courier Print Shop, Main St.. Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscriptions $3.50 per year. Second Class Postage Paid at Wareham, Massachusetts Post Office. ^^ FRESH FROM THE FIELDS Compiled by C. J. H. MASSACHUSETTS First General Frost First general frost of the sea- son occurred on the momirDg of iQctober 13 and 23 was reached at Massachusetts State Bog. This wias the worse frost to that date. Heavy general frost occurred in IVEaissaohiusetts on the mornings of October 21, 22 and 23. The worst was one the morning of the 22, wlhen there were recordings as low as 12 and 13, with the gen- eral average 16 or 17. There was proibahly no frost loss as those who still had bei-- ries out bad water and could pi-o- tect. Real "New England Day" The 24th brought a real "New Etngland Day" of weather. There was heavy morning i-ain, and thunder and lightning. A little blue sky. At night more rain and this was mixed with some hail in the Boston area and there was even a little snow as far into the Southeastern Mastsachusetts cran- berry area as Stoughton. This was the earliest snowfall in South- eastern Massachusetts in many years. It was in general a frosty Oc- tdber which still fuither delayed harvest. Fifteen general warnings in all were issued for ten nights. The estimate of loss in the first frost in early September was raised from one percent to two, or aabout 15,000 barrels. Rainy Month There was rain reported on 8 days at Massachusetts Cranberry 'Station with a trace on four others. Yet the total for the month was only 2.32 inches whereas nor- mal is 3.74. Much of this occurred in the last week of October and there was not much picking done. Temperatures for the month totalled 32 degrees below nonnal. Harvest Extends Into November As it was, with the rains and flooding on frost nights haiwesting was very much delayed, and pick- ing went on into November. There was an estimated 50,000 ban-els out the last paiM: of October. The delay in picking would have been even greater if it was not for the fact that probobly about 70 per- ment of the crop in Massachusetts this year was machine picked. NEW JERSEY More Darlington Picking Warm, dry weather throughout the first part of October enabled cranberry harvesting operations to proceed rapidly. Many growers were finished with their picking before the end of the month, with only some floaters left to be gath- ered. It is believed that this year a larger proportion of the crop was harvested by the Darlington 1 icker than ever before. This trend will probably continue until all of the acreage except the very rough cr unlevel bogs will be picked mechanically within the next few years. There is still none of the Wisconsin type of water-raking practiced in New Jersey. Most bogs are not level enough for this in this state. October Slightly Cooler The temiperature in October averaged 54.7°, which is about 1.9° colder than normal. However, the first 19 days of the month were all 70 degree days, with three in the eighties. An unusually cool spell from the 21st to the 27th with day temperatures in the fif- ties and night readings in the twenties and thirties brought down the average temperature to slight- ly below normal. Slight Fall Drought There was a mild autumn "drought" in October with no rain in 17 days. The total rainfall measured only 2.32 inches, about one inch less than normal. Cran- berry reservoirs are still quite full, however, as the past two months' rainfall was quite excessive. Blueberry "Topper" Some interest is being shown in a "blueberry mechanical topper" imiprovised by Eddie Bush. This gadget cuts the tops out of over- grown blueberry bushes at very little cost. Several growers in the Sheep Pen Hill and Rake Pond areas have contracted with Mr. Bush to have their bushes "de- capitated" by this device. This is done in lieu of pruning and it is the reasoning- of the inventor that this will bring the bushes down to reasonable size and that a profusion of fi-uiting laterals will be formed below the cuts in the next year, thereby increasing the production of the bushes. WASHINGTON Crop Falling Off Harvest as November came in, was approximately three-quarters finished and the yields were less than estimates. Reports from botli the Grayland and the Long Beach area indicated that yield per acre will be from only 10 barrels to 60. There is no doubt in the mind of Dr. Charles C. Doughty, sup- erintendent of the Cranberry-Blue- berry Station at Long Beach that the main reason for this falling- off in crop was the result of the freeze late last Febraary and early March after a mild winter. Final production figures will prob- ably be less than the 66,000 esti- mated for Washing-ton. This low production may leave the major- ity of growers in a severe economic straight. October Cool and Wet The weather for October was rather on the cool side and quite wet. There were 10 or 12 days on which were received at leaist a trace of moisture. Sprinklers were going- for frost protection on four different occasions. The mini- mum temperature for the month was 27 on the 9th and the maxi- mum 82 on the 18th. Relative humidity varied from 30 to 100 percent. It was down to 30 only on the occasion of the 18 when there was the 82 maximum temperature. Water Taule Situation The water table situation at the Experiment Station bog is still in a state of flux. At first of Novem- ber after considerable rain during October the water table was ag-ain very close to the soil surface. This will not help during the next growing season unless there can be installed a drainage control gate. The Station has received in- structions from Washington State University administration to pro- ceed with the construction of this control gate, with or without the consent of the Drainage Commis- sion. If the station does not get control of the drainage of the bog- it will be extremely hard to main- tain the bo:; and control th? weed pcpulaticn. If it comes to the point where the cranberry vines lose vigor because of excessive dryness and weed crowding then the University Administration will have no choice but to close down or move the station. This seems highly improbable at the moment. SH SHARON BOX COMPANY, INC. ESTABLISHED 1856 SHARON, MASSACHUSETTS We Will Buy Your White Pine Logs, Either Standing or Cut • Highest Prices Paid • Sawmill located at North Carver, Mass. Stop in at North Carver, or Phone Sharon, Sunset 4-2021 Hold full flavor in your cranberry pack v3'CORN PRODUCTS COMPANY Manufacturers of fine products for the food industry ...and popular Best Foods Division grocery brands for the consumer. WISCONSIN October Cold end Wet The first two weeks of October brought typical Indian summer weather, with warm sunny days, cool nights and no rain. This period was followed with a severe drop in temperature with a low of 10 degrees the middle of the month. Light scattered rain fell prior to the heavy frost and no further precipitation was record- ed until the end of the month when heavy rains fell in all areas. The balance sheet for the month showed normal to slightly below normal in temperature and above normal in precipitation. Thus Oc- tober followed the similar pattern of the entire growing season as I far as being cold and for the most part wet, except for July. The extended forecast for Novem- ber calls for precipitation to average above normal with temp- eratures to be normal to above normal. Difficult Growing Year A resume of the season's weather showed the growing sea- son beginning late with cool and wet conditions that prevailed over the state in most areas until the end of August. The warmest period of the year occured the end of August and the first week of September. Killing frosts were reported during each of the grow- ing months on the marshes, with the July frosts causing consider- able damage to the crop. Near drought conditions prevailed in the northwest, central and west cen- tral areas from early July to mid August. This condition also caused detrimental effects on the crop. To sum up the season it has been one of the most difficult growing seasons for many years, which accounts for an average crop in the state. It was a com- plete reversal of the fine growing season in 1959 which brought a bumper crop. (Continued on Page 16) Six Showing: the third heavy duty sand spreader d esigned and built by Mr. Hannula. (CRANB'ERRIES Photo) He Designs, Makes Cranberry Equipment And Then Lets Anyone Copy It By Clarence J. Hall Oiva A. Hannula, South Carver. Mass., believes future of Massachusetts cranberry industry is in mechanization —operates 23 acres. His hobby is the designing and making of Cranberry equipment. Or perhaps hobby is the wrong word to use because he is very serious about the importance of this vv'ork. He says, "We've just got to mechanize the industry or we will go under. The cost of labor will eventually put us out of business if we don't." He spends all his spare time at this business and has a number of pieces of cranberry equip- ment to his credit. He is Oiva A. Hannula of Huckleberry Corner, South Carver, Massachusetts. _ He is a grower in his own right, producing good crops. He uses the equipment in his own business and rents and sells it to others. Anyone Can Copy Mr. Hannula never patents any of his inventions. He is perfect- ly v»rilling to let any grower co^iy a piece of equipment he has de- signed. He is willing to let them come and see it and then copy it. His only bone of contention is that someone -may "steal" a design and then patent it himself. He was born in Worcester, Massachusetts May 27, 1918, the son of Mr. and Mrs. Oscar Han- rnia. H:s father was a machinisc ty trade and later an agricultural- :?!; so he comes naturally by his r-'echanical ?bi',ities and to the fact he has taken up a form of a.-^riculture, cranberry .fjrowing for the chief means of his liveli- hood. His father was a mechanic at Harrington & Richards arms man- ufacturer at Worcester. While he was very small they moved to East Jaffrey, New Hampshire, where they ran a dairy farm. That was where he got his schooling. Hannula first became interested in cranberries in 1935 when he was 17, which was when he came to South Carver. He came to pick cranberries with his brother as friends of his had done this work. Worked on Bogs For a time he worked on the bogs of the late H. R. Bailey at South Carver. He worked for Mr. Bailey for five years. During that time he met his future wife. Miss Elsie Thomas, the daughter of the late Mr. and Mrs. Everett Thomas. Mr. Thomas was a cran- berry grower. He then worked on the John Alorie bogs at Huckleberry Cor- ner. Mr. Alorie was his step- father. He worked there for sev- eral years oflF and on. He was married in 1940. After his marriage he went in- to construction work He drove bulldozers, trucks and all kinds of heavy, hydraulic trucks. He learned to operate all types of heavy construction equipment. All Seven tlie time he worked otf and on, on the Alorie bogs. His construction work took him to Maine, and to Otis Air Force Base. He took construction jobs anywhere he could find them. Saw Combat Service Then came the war and he spent nearly four years in the U.S. Army. He was in the Ordnance department. He served in the European theatre. Again he was working with heavy mobile equip- ment. His war services took him into England, Ireland, Belgium, Holland, Italy and Germany. It was at Berlin that he says he first met the Russians. He is en- titled to wear five (battle stars. He was never wounded. The war gave him even more experience with heavy machinery. After the war he came back to Carver and plunged into cranberry work full scale. For an entire year he was supervisor of the bogs of Peter A. LeSage of Yarmouth, these bogs being in Wareham, Marion and Yarmouth. In 1946 he bought his first bull- dozer and went into the construc- tion business for himself. The first few years he did bog work, then branched out and did all kinds of construction jobs. He worked some around Wellesley and Boston and other towns in Massachusetts. He is still in this business as well as being a cranberry grower, owning bulldozers, power shovels, and dump trucks. Became a Grower in 1950 In 1950 he bought his first bog and became a cranberry grower in his own name. This is at Rocky Meadow in Middleboro. It is a bog of five acres. Later he bought the Rocky Pond bog in Pljrmouth, this being purchased from Col- burn & Wood and consisting of 7 and 6/10 acres and he later added an acre by building it himself. Since the death of John Alorie in 1949 he has been operating the bog which is at Huckleberry Cor- ner. This is a property of 8 acres. Busy on Frost Nights This means that he is now tak- ing care of about 23 acres of bog as well as handling his own con- struction business. He does his own frosting and on a frost night Eight with three properties to care for he is a busy man. From his home at Huckleberry Corners near the Alorie bog it is six miles to the Middleboro bog and six the other way to the Plymouth property so that he has a stretch of 12 miles to cover. Last year he put in a portable overhead irrigation system at the Rocky Meadow bog and that takes care of his frost problem. He uses Rain Bird sprinkler heads. The Alorie bog has two gasoline pumlps and is flowed from Indian Brook. The Plymouth bog is flowed from Rocky pond but by gravity. The bogs are set mostly to Early Blacks and Howes with a few Early Reds and McFarlins. He has three Western picking machines and albout every kind of mechanical equipment which can be imagined for use on his bogs. On the bogs he owns and on the Alorie bog he consistently pro- duces from 1200 to 1400 barrels each fall. This places his produc- tion per acre above the Massachu- setts average. A]"'ays intsrested in ma^ninery -^'' ;ri rrpnberries, nlus experience ■1 ^Sr^ A^'my in operating and re- ■lir'n"- heavy machinery, this led ^^'m into exrerimenting with de- riTnins: and making cranberry f-nninment. As stated before, he leal'zed the cranberry industry m-ipt be mechanized. The first thines he made were cranberry wheeloff machines of which he built a number. He bu^'lt a water reel for floats when flo'^^--^ were being commonly gathered. F-^ built two big low-bed trailers. Fe drew designs for a clamshell bucket for dragging-ditches. Then he began "playing" with sand spreaders. He has made three and is now working on his fourth. His third machine is now in operation on his own bogs and he hires it out to others. The third one he has completed is shown in the accomipanying photo. This is a self-pronelled vehicle, driven by a 40 horsepower Continental motor. It has a vibrating or "live" screen on the top that sifts the sand when it is loaded with a nower shovel at the sand pit tak- ing out the stones. It carries two yards and the sand is distributed by a powered roller to a spreader that gets the sand right down in- to the vines. This sander is eight feet wide by 11 feet in overall length. All his sand spreaders are equipped with aircraft type of tires which distribute the weight over a wide surface. If be had his way Mr. Hannula would have only Early Blacks, -which is the variety he likes best. He is a strong believer in fertil- izer and uses it heavily in his bog work. In selling his crop he is an inde- pendent and his distributor is De- cas Bros, of Wareham. Here is a man who is probably not really a philanthropist at heart; but one who is so firmly convinced that the future of the Massachusetts cranberry industry lies in complete mechanization of all phases of bog work, that he freely off'ers any of his designs to anyone to copy. He says he does not have time to make all the equipment he would like to, nor the means to do so but he is will- ing to provide the basic idea and show a copy then let anyone who wants to make a similar piece of equipment, even a commercial manufacturer, as long as they do not patent his ideas. He wants to be free to make additional models which he could not do if someone else patents his own idea. FIRE D'ESTROYS MAKEPEACE SHED, ROCHESTER, MASS. A fire of undetennined. origin destroyed a one-story storage shed of the A. D. Makepeace Company on High street in Rochester, Mass. Halloween night. The 50 x 30 shed contained eraniberry bog equip- ment. No value was placed on the shed and contents because no inventoiy had been taken prior to the fire. Firefighters from Rochester and Wareham responded to an alann at 9:30 and were able to prevent the fire from spreading to an ad- joining shed containing cranber- ries. An investigation was held as to the cause of the fire. Try Cranberries Advertisino I Mass. Schools Boost Cranberries Those in Middleboro, Serve Cranberry dishes to Pupils. As typically American as the cranberry itself is the approach iMiddleboro, Massachusetts school officials are taking to use even ■more of this year's outsize cran- iberry crop — a crop having great significance on the economic life of the community. Nationwide the 1960 cranberry crop is figured at aibout 1.3 million ibarrels, higher than early esti- mates and 6 percent over last year. With most of the gain in Massachusetts, the crop of 740,000 barrels exceeds last year by 26 percent, according to the U.S. De- partment of Agriculture. School Superintendent Stanley Kruzyna recently demonstrated to officials of the State School Lunch Program, the cranberry industry, and the U.S. Department of Agri- culture how Massachusetts' schools can get behind a local in- dustry and boost consumption of the berry. On hand to observe lunch-time operations where cranberries were served in a variety of ways were John C. Stalker, Director of the State's School Lunch Programs: Mrs. Janet Taylor, Director, Ocean iSpray Kitchens; and Harry Wat- ling, Food Distribution Division, U. S. Department of Agriculture. Mr. Stalker congratulated Sup- erintendent Kruszyna and his staff for seizing on the opportunity to encourage consumption of a local- ly grown commodity in plentiful supply — in this case, cranberries. By taking advantage of plentiful foods, listed monthly by the U.S. Department o f Agriculture, schools usually get more for the food dollar. Not only that, they also give a valued assist to farm- ers in Massachusetts, New Eng- land and the Nation, who may be faced with severe marketing diffi- culties, he said. To further assist a native in- dustry, Mr. Stalker said county meetings for school lunch super- visors throughout the State, held in conjunction with the Massachu- setts School Food Service Associ- ation, would feature demonstra- tions using cranberries in menu planning. Mr. Stalker noted that in Mass- achusetts, schools taking part in the School Lunch Program have a total buying power of almost 20 million dollars at local markets. During this school year children will be served an estimated 55 to 58 million meals. While the aim of the program is to provide nu- tritious meals, he pointed out that by offering children a wide variety of foods in different ways, they develop sound eating habits for the future. Mr. Kruszyna pointed out thati cranberries and cranberry pro- ducts are nutritious and appealing to youngsters and rightfully be- long on school lunch menus — in fact, Middleboro schools have long been serving them. He added that the community has a big stake in the cranberry industry since many families de- pend on it for a livelihood, and that it was logical that every effort be made to encourage in- creased consumption. With nearly 200,000 meals served annually in both the ele- mentary and high school, and with a local food purchasing power of nearly $50,000, Mr. Kruszyna said the School Lunch Program has an obvious affect at the market place. In Middleboro's two schools cranberries were served as a sauce in one, and a desert in the other. The dessert, "cranberry crunch," was developed by Mrs. Taylor in the Ocean Spray Kitchens espec- ially for school lunch use. Ele- mentary school children in the lower grades also enjoy a "cran- berry juice-break." The industry's promotional cam- paign has the support of the US- DA, which has placed cranberries at the tolp of its Plentiful Foods List. Cranberry-Sponsored ''Story of A Family'' Millions saw the pre-Thanks- giving telecast reminding the public of the largest cranherry crop in history, now estimated ^t 1.-^44,000 barrels, over National Broadcasting 'Company Nov. 14)th evening from 7:30 to 8:30 o'clock. This hour-long program, sps4a.l.s ISSUE OF NOVEMBER 1960 VOL. 25 - NO. 7 cROHAicwweaw^flg,^ FRESH FRUIT SALES FOR THANKSGIVING, CHEERFUL The fact that Ambrose E. Stevens, executive vice president of Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc., which is handling ap- proximately 80 percent of this year's big crop, is encouraged by Thanksgiving sale of fresh fruit is encouraging to the entire industry. He said shipments were good since the last of October, and so say other distributors. There is apparently some price cut- ting from the $3.50 a quarter barrel box price. This is unfortunate. It would have seemed that the market should have been held at this figure for Early Blacks and other early fruit. We take this opportunity to wish to all associated with the cranberry industry that this will be a much more happy Thanksgiving than when the deep gloom of Thanksgiving, 1959 prevailed. IF ADVERTISING WILL DO IT CRANBERRIES WILL SELL If the Cranberry market lost in the late and lamented cranberry scare of last November is not recaptured and new cus- tomers added it will not be due to a vast advertising and publicity program by Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. The Co-op is not sparing any effort and is spending much money to bring about the desired result of a restored cranberry market. Other distributors are not idle in this re- spect, either. If effective advertising can sell cran- berries they will be marketed and con- sumed this year. We believe this will take place. To aid the fresh fruit market is the fact that size and color this year in all areas is excellent. The cranberries we have seen on display look really tempt- ing. If every school in the nation was do- ing as much to promote cranberries as is Middleboro, Massachusetts there would be no surplus of cranberries this year. The schools are serving "Cranberry Crunch," a tasty dessert and there are cranberry CLARENCE J. HALL Editor and Publisher EDITH S. HALL— Associate Editor Wareham, Massachusetts SUBSCRIPTIONS, $3.50 Per Year, FOREIGN, $4.50 CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin LEO A. SORENSON Crant>erry Consultant Wisconsin Rapids Wisconsin Washington Dr. CHARLES C. DOUGHTY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. Oregon GRANT SCOTT Coquille, Ore. Massachusetts Dr. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. EDWARD K. KNAPP Barnstable County Agricultural Agent OSCAR S. JOHNSON Barnstable, Mass. New Jersey P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey juice "breaks" for pupils of the lower grades. Of course Middleboro has a special stake in the cranberry industry as it is in the heart of the Massachusetts cranberry- producing area, fifth in cranberry acreage and the future of the industry is essential to its best interests. Only a comparatively few towns of the country, of course, have such a special incentive. The United States Department of Agriculture is cooperating in this school lunch program of Plentiful Foods, and it was from the USDA that we received the story and photograph carried elsewhere in this issue. Quarles (Continued from Page 14) her berries were rakea or ma- chine-picked. She explained that they were a fruit, like plums or peaches, individually haind-picked with careful selection and discrim- ination. (To Be Continued) Fresh From The Fields (Continued from Page 6) Harvest Complete In Oct. With ideal weather prevailing the last week in September and New Indian Trail Quality Sauce Strained Cranberry Whole Cranberry Sauce in Syrup Cranberry Juice Cocktail Plus our regular line FROZEN FRESH WHOLE CRANgfO^lfc INDIAN TRAIL INC. P. O. Box 710 Wisconsin Rapids, Wis. the firsft two weeks in October, the great majority of the marshes were finisihed harvesting by mid month. As the days were warm and dry little if any heat was needed to dry the berries. Berries colored rapidly in October. A few marshes had a few beds covered with ice the middle of the month but warmer temperatures enabled them to melt and complete har- vest, by the end of the 3rd week. BeiTy size continued to be below normal. OREGON Oregon Crop Definitely Down By the end of October it seem.^ almost certain that the cranberry crop of Southeastern Oregon was down nearly 50 percent from last year's 51,200 barrels. At least, that was the estimate of William T. Dxifort, area manager for Ocean Spray's 120 growers in the state. Shipmates At the Ocean Spray plant at Bandon, fresh fruit was being packaged in one-pound cellophane bags and one-pound window- boxes, with the bulk of the cases being shipped to Oakland and San Francisco, California. Berries were also shipped to various Ore- gon markets, including Coos Bay. Eugene, Salem, Portland, Kla- math Falls, Roseberg and Med- ford. WISCONSIN HEADQUARTERS FOR INSECTICIDES - FUNGICIDES HERBICIDES DUSTS - WETTABLE POWDERS - EMULSIONS Parathion Ferbam Malathion Dowpon Liquid and Granular Weed and Brush Killers Hopkins Agricultural Chemical Co. P.O. BOX 584 MADISON, WIS. Phone Alpine 7-1019 HUME PRODUCTS CORPORATION • DEGRASSERS • DRYERS • CONVEYORS SERVICES AVAILABLE TO WISCONSIN GROWERS: Designers and manufacturers of machinery for the cranberry industry Steel stock from our warehouse Engineering services Complete machine shop service ^ For information, write; HUME PRODUCTS COR Eagle River, Wisconsin ORATION SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS FOR SALE SEARLES JUMBO HOWES, McFARLIN Vines for delivery in 1961 $125.00 Ton F.O.B. INTERESTED IN PURCHASING WISCONSIN CRANBERRY PROPERTIES Vernon Goldsworthy B.S M.S. University of Wisconsin Cranberry Consultant Fees Reasonable EAGLE RIVER WISCONSIN DANA MACHINE & SUPPLY Co. Wis. Rapids Wis. MF2S. ot: SPRAY BOOMS GRASS CLIPPERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS Getsinger Retracto teeth pickers Dryers DISTR. of: VEE BELTS & PULLEYS ROLLER CHAINS SPROCKETS & BEARINGS CONVEYOR BELTING STEEL Your Foreman Deserves A Subscription to Cranberries; too OUR PRODUCTS strained Cranberry Sauce Whole Cranberry Sauce Cransweets Diced Cransweets Cranberry Apple Sauce Spiced Cranberries Cranberry Chilli Sauce Cranberry Bar-B-Q Sauce Cranberry Orange Relish Cranberry Vinegar Cranberry-Strawberry Preserves Cranberry Juice Cranberry -Cherry Preserves Cran-Beri Cranberry-Pineapple Preserves Cran-Vari Cranberry-Raspberry Preserves Cran-Puri Cranberry-Rhubarb Preserves Cranberry Puree Cranberry-Gooseberry Preserves Cran-Bake Sliced and Whole Maraschino Cranberries Consumer Size & Bulk Fresh Cranberries Cranberry Products, Inc. EAGLE RIVER, WISCONSIN YOU ARE READING THIS AD OTHERS WILL READ YOURS IN CRANBERRIES a g a z i n e BULLETIN TO THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY This month the most intensive advertising, promotion, and publicity campaign in our history goes into full swing, I It began last month with participation in the NARGUS Food Store Spectacular, spearheaded by a full-color "spread" in Saturday Evening Post. The same ad will appear in all leading women's magazines, and another full-page ad will follow at Thanksgiving. B Intensive TV spot coverage in major markets will run during these months, and on November 14 Ocean Spray will sponsor a nationwide TV "Special," a one-hour program on 150 NBC-TV stations. This program, done from real life, will be the first of its kind. H National publicity in magazines and other media will add to the tremendous impact of this fall's holiday program. H We hope the industry will look for these efforts and will be as interested and anxious as we are to watch cranberries win back their rightful place on the nation's dinner table. Ocean CRANBERRY SAUC^ ^^ OCEAN SPRAY CRANBERRIES, INC. PLANTS AT HANSON, MASS., BORDENTOWN, N. J., NO RTH CHICAGO, ILL, MARKAHM, WASH. VINC A S20,000,OCX) A YEAR INDUSTRY •^W^ ^^-ViOHAL CRANBERRY M4^4;,^^ LIBRARY OEC 3 0 1S60. UNlVERSITYl MASSACHUSI KPE COD -'/C EW JERSEY ^^ ^^■^^^X//) (VISCONSIN OREGON ^^ L^l^A^C^iP W^^***^ • ^ WASHINGTON ^*Sik "^i-L-- H lJ CANADA ^--.- 1 ^Bxt^ QII]rtsfmag ®o ^11 35 Cents DECEMB ER 1960 DIRECTORY For CRANBERRY GROWERS Wcrcester Paper Box Corporation MEDFORD, MASS. Tel. MYstic 8-5305 Manufacturers of Folding Cartons and Displays WATER WHITE KEROSENE For use on Cranberry Bogs Also STODUARU SOLVENT Prompt Delivery Service Franconia Coal Co. - Inc. - Wareham, Mass. Tel. CY 5-0039 CRANBERRIES MAGAZINE . . . Is . . . The SOLE Publication Of The Industry Accepting AOyERTISING Wareham Savings Bank Falmouth Branch Welcome Savings Account Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent PHONE CYpress 5-3800 Kimball 8-3000 I he National Bank of Wareham Conveniently located for Cranberry Men Funds always available for sound loans Complete Banking Service The CHARLES W. HARRIS! Company 26 Somerset Ave North Dighton, Mass. AMES Irrigation Systems Sprinklers Weed killers Insecticides Fungicides from Cal. Spray Chemical Company Dupont Company EQUIPMENT HAYDEN - SEPARATOR - WAREHAM, MASS. Irrigation Systems PUMPS SEPARATORS - BLOWERS SCREENHOUSE EQUIPMENT DARLINGTON PICKING MACHINES Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK ALFRED PAPPI At Screenhouses. Boss atnd Pumps Means SatisfactioB WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. CY 5-2000 SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. Urges Growers To Help In Sales Also Active Support of the Cranberry Institute With the increased crop of cran- berries, it is the duty of every grower to participate in a program to increase the sale and uses of cranberries. The lemon growers waited too long in uniting to [publicize lemons, and now their industry is in a de- plorable condition. In thumbing through a few of the late magazines I found "in- dustry publicity" by: Cling Peach Advisory Board Idaho Potatoes Fresh Frozen Orange Juice from Florida American Dairy Association (Drink more milk) Lemon Growers Association Rice Coaincil We seem to be united only when we are in serious trouble. The Cran- berry Institute is well organized and did a wonderful joib for us in our recent problem. Why not sup- port it in a program to promote the use of more fresh fruit sales ? Based on a million-lbarrel crop, we sihould sell 600,000 barrels fresh. Even only 50 cents a barrell would give us $300,000 to promote tlhe fresh market, and some of it would rub off on processed sales. My reason in advocating adver- tising fresh is two fold: 1. Brand names are ignored by the ihousewife in fresh fruit. If the quality looks good the brand has no bearing. 2. When we sell one pound of fresb, we have sold equivalent to over three 16 oz. cans. Every grower would profit much more than the small amount of money it takes by the elimination of a surplus and the stabliziation of prices. Ask your distributor to partici- pate in such a program or join one that will "helip the Institute to help you. We would like to keep' cran- berries from becoming a buyers' market instead of a growers' mar- ket - so let's get organized for next year before it's too late. Bert J. Leasure ManitowisTi Waters, Wisconsin Flemming Declares 1960 Crop Safe Just before Thanksgiving the Federal Government reported the 1960 cranberry crqp is safe - free from the weed killer amino tria- zole, Which induced cancer in laboratory rats last season. Secre- tary Arthur S. Flemming, whose statements on November 9thi last, precipitated the cranberry fiasco told a news conference that all reports of cranberries of this year's record crop were favorable. Flemming said the Food and Drug Administration had been watching the crop 'very closely," and had found no evidence of con- tamination. FALSE ECONOMY "The Cranberry Vine," published by Pacific County, Washington Agricultural Extension Service calls attention to a false economy. It reports: "It is always difficult to understand why a few cranbeiTy growers operate an insect nursery on part of their bog. Reference is to growers who have, generally, a small area of old run-down or exceptionally weedy bog and do not spray it. "Yet these same growers carry out a good spray program on the rest of their better acreage. In most instances, if the run-down areas received the same sprays as the good bog, the total number of sprays over the entire area could be reduced and satisfactory control maintained." PROCESSING INNOVATION OPENS WAY TO NEW USE OF CRANBERRIES Cransweets by Cranberry Products Inc. of Eagle River, Wisconsin open new Mar- kets. After describing the Weckel process for cranberries (already reported in this publication) by puncturing the fruit by tiny points, current issue of Food Processing Magazine describes products of Cranberry Products, Inc. Eagle River, Wisconsin which uses this process. This article is only one of the vest number of favorable articles the cranberry industry is receiving this year. The Eagle River plant, says the article, is processing the whole ber- ry which is marketed as Cran- sweet. The whole berry varieties may be used to produce many new products in bakery foods, candies, ice cream, gelatin desserts, frozen dinners, etc. "Maronna Candies of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, Merrill Candy Company, Dutch Mills Candies and others are already using them in cran- CRANBERRY PICKING BOXES Shooks, or Nailed Let me repair your broken boxes — or repair them yourself. Stock Always on Hand F. H. COLE Tel. Union 6-3330 North Carver, Mass. Let the Bells Peal a Tale of Christmas Joy. May the True Spirit of the Day Gladden Your Heart Now and For Years to Come! Plymouth County Electric Co, WAREHAM CYpress 5-0200 PLYMOUTH Pilgrim 6-1300 Verry ccii'dials. They would also have application in the confection- ary indusitry in candy bars, fruit confections, etc. "These whole cranberries are also finding use in the ice cream in- dustry, the Borden Company, alsr of Milwaukee is now marketing a Cransweet s'herbert. "Bakers can use any one of the varieties of whole cranlberries for decorations or in fruit cakes, cof- fee cakes, muffins, fruit breads, biscuits, cookies, tarts, apple pies and o^her bakery items. "Dry food packers, particularly manufacturers of gelatine desserts, can use the wihole cranberries as prepared fruit ingredients. "Frozen food packers could dress up such products as frozen turkey and chicken dinners with cranber- ries thus making the dinners qual- ity products. "Whole cranberry products ai'e packed in #10 tins, six to the case: l^ gallon glass jars, six to the case; and gallon jars four to the case." (Joe Voohees, associate editor, Food Processing magazine.) T-1 BLUEBERRY FOR THE SOUTH A new rabbiteye blueiberry, temporarily designated T-1 has been developed by Dr. W. T. Brightwell, Coastal Plain Exper- iment Station, Tifton, Ga. The T-1, a cross between Ethel and Callaway measures one-half to three-quarters of an inch in dia- meter and has a rather flat sihape. It rates as highly as northern high bush blueberries in color and in size of crqp. T-1 has been labelled 4-X by USDA, the higthest rating that can be given a blueberry. It is about 10 days earlier than other rabbiteye varieties grown in Georgia. According to Dr. Brightwell, who has been conducting blueberry breeding work at the Tifton sta- tion for the past 16 years, the T-1 brought 50 cents more than other blueberry varieties did at Jack- sonville, Fla. last year, where 600 twelve — ^p'int crates were shipped. T-1 has been under test at Tif- ton for the past 10 years. Some other blueberries released by that station are Tifblue, Callaway, TW9 Homebell and Coastal. T-1 will be formally named and released later. (American Fruit Grower) READ CRANBERRIES Brewer & Lord INSURANCE 40 Broad Street, Boston, Mass. ARTHUR K. POPE CONVERSE HILL WILLIAM B. PLUMER ROBERT A. SULLIVAN EDWARD H. LEARNARD HORACE H. SOULE CHARLES M. CUTLER EBEN A. THACHER HERBERT R. LANE VINCENT M. WILSON JOHN B. CECILL, JR. Serving the People of New England Since 1859 FOR PREFABRICATED FLUMES SEE RUSSELL A. TRUFANT HYDRAULIC CONSULTANT PREFAIRICATED FLUMES BOG RAILROADS UNION 6-3696 North Carver, Mass. Mass. Cranberry Station and Field Notes by J. RICHARD BEATTIE Extension Cranberry Specialist Personals The cranberry industry lost an- other of its able leaders in the passing of Bertram Ryder of Co- tuit in late October. Mr. Ryder was an active member of our state Cranberry Advisory Committee, the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers Association, the Upper Cape Cran- berry Cluib, and was a former di- rector of Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. We enjoyed working with him and appreciated his wise counsel. Our staff joins his many friends in extending our deepest symipathy to Mrs. Ryder and her family. Mrs. Henry Franklin has re- turned to East Wareham and is continuing her convalescence at the Sunny Court Rest Home. She is now able to use a "walker" and is slowly but surely regaining the use of her legs after breaking her hip last May. She has greatly ap- preciated the many cards and visits received during the past months. If her friends are in the area, a visit would be most welcome. Dr. Herbert F. Bergman is spending the winter with, friends in Cleveland, Ohio, and plans to be back in the spring to continue his studies at the Station. His re- tirement certainly has not les- soned his interest and enthusiasm for continued research in his chosen field. Dr. Bert Zuckerman attended a Northeast Regional Nematode Conference held at the New York Academy of Science in New York City early in December. Dr. Zuckerman represented Massachu- setts at this conference and was elected chairman of the coopera- tive regional project dealing with nematode research. This is indeed a well deserved honor. Naming Cranberry Seedlings Dr. Fred Cbandler, Irving De- moranville, and the variety com- mittee of the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers Association are in the process of selecting names for three outstanding cranbeiTy seed- lings. In the near future they hope to complete the details and sub- mit the names to the Bureau of Plant Industry, a division of the U.S.D.A. This marks a real mile- stone in the plant breeding project. Growers who are rebuilding or renovating sections of their bogs will surely want to include these outsitanding varieties in their plant- ing programs. Cranberry Advisory Committee The Massachusetts Cranberry Advisory Committee met at the Cranberry Experiment Station No- vember 30th to assist the Exten- sion Service in the preparation and development of what we be- lieve will be an effective educa- tional program for 1961. There was an excellent representatioir present from the cranberry clubs. Cape Cod Cranberry Growers As- sociation, shippers, Cranberry In- stitute, service groups, county ad- visory committees, county agri- cultural agents, University of Mas- sachusetts, and station staff. The discussion this year focused on the need for cutting production costs, the possibilities of a market- ing agreement for cranberries, sup- port of the Cranberry Institute, continued emphasis on effective quality control programs, develop- m_ent of new products and new market outlets, improved harvest- ing methods, and continued high yields of fruit. Cranberry Institute The splendid work of the Cran- berry Institute was singled oxiit for special recognition and the hope was expressed that it would continue to function and expand its programs during the years. The effective merchandising and promotional work carried on by the major cranberry shippers was recognized. The committee en- dorsed the quality control pro- grams that were carried out this past year and stressed the need for further work, particularly the desirability of developing tech- niques for determaining quality early in the shipping season. It R. F. MORSE & SON West Wareham, Mass., Tel. CY 5-1553 Cranberry Growers A§«nt For Eastern States Farmers' Exchange Insecticidts - Fertilizers - Fungkides Bog Service and Supplies Agent for Wiggins Airways HelicoptM* Spray and Dust Service DEPENDABLE ECONOMICAL SERVICE was suggested that the Depart- ment of Food Technology at the University of Massachusetts un- dertake such a study. The familiar topic, namely the development of a suitable incentive to encourage growers to produce good quality fruit, received attention. There is considerable evidence to substan- tiate the fact that growers can and will raise such fruit if they are suitably reimbursed. These and many other topics received con- sideration. The suggestions and advice of this comimittee are most helpful and sincerely appreciated. The following memibers were present: Howard Hiller, Kenneth Beaton, Alvin Reid, Eobert Alber- ghini, Raymond Morse, Chester Robbins, George Olsson, Antony Briggs, Robert St. Jacques, Domi- nic Marini, Oscar Johnson, Harold Woodward, Allan Leland, Fred Cole, Bradford Crossmon, Chester Cross, John Norton, Joseph Kel- ley, and Richard Beattie. Marketing Trips The writer made his second visit to markets in Boston, Cin- cinnati, and Detroit in early De- cember in order to check the con- dition, movement, clean-up and price of cranberries after the Thanksgiving holiday. Various seg- ments of the trade were inter- viewed and it was apparent that the terminal market representa- tives, chain store buyers, mer- chandisers, produce and store man- ages were well pleased in most instances with holiday sales. In Cincinnati and Detroit the termi- nal market was completely out of cranberries the Wednesday before the holiday. Most stores visited reported a good clean-up after Thanksgiving. Cranberries Not Replaced It is interesting, as well as en- couraging, to learn of the reaction of store personnel to such products as cherry sauce and a combination of cherry-grape sauce that Vv'ere offered as possible substitutes for cranberries. In nearly every in- stance they felt that these pro- ducts did not materially hurt the sales of cranberries and that the rapid recovery of consumer con- fidence in our product greatly re- duced any chance that these items had of replacing cranberries. An- other encouraging note was the fine condition of fresh fruit in most stores. Samples were again purchased in approximately 10 stores in each of the above cities and were carefully checked as to condition. In spite of the fact that C. S L. EQOIPiENT 191 LEONARD STREET ACUSHNET, MASS. Cranberry Bog Service PRUNING FERTILIZING RAKING WEED TRIMMING Machinery Sales PRUNER5 POWER WHEELBARROWS RAKES WEED TRIMMERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS - Large & Small For Further information Call . . . F. P. CRANDON Rockwell 3-5526 n. C. LEONARD Wyman 3-4332 C. J. TRIPP Wyman 4-4601 most of the berries were carried' over from Thanksgiving, the aver- age percent of unusuable fruit in Cincinnati was 12 and in Detroit' 14. A few weak packages of Early Blacks raised the average to the aibove levels. There were little or no adverse comments by the con- sumers at the retail level. All seg- ments of the trade anticipated a good Christmas movement. Cer- tainly, our industry has made re- markable progress in her fight to regain the public's confidence in cranberries. THE GO-BY To get something by a whole- saler or even a retail buyer is relatively easy in comiparison to getting something by a consumer.' You can argue with a whole- sale buyer and promise him more next time. SHE, the consumer, just gives your product the "go- by" and picks up another product if she did not like what she bought last time. No arguments —just no sale. (Fred E. Cole in Fruit Notes.) 1975 POTENTIAL According to study conducted over the past six years by the Agricultural Research Service, USDA, t/he present productive ca- pacity of the nation's agriculture is sufficient to meet the projected 1975 needs for food and fibre of a population estimated at 230 mil- lion. This conclusion is based on the adoption by farmers of presently known, but un-used technology at a rate consistent with previous experience. (FARM FINANCE) Western Pickers Parts and Repairs Agent for 1960 Model ORDER NOW J. E. BRALEY & SON MACHINE SHOP 78 Gibbe Are. Wareham, Mass. HAVE YOUR REPAIRS DONE NOW Issue of December 1960 - Vol. 25 No. 8 Published monthly st Th^ Courier Print Shop. Main St.. Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscriptions $3.50 per y« Second Class Postage Paid at Warehar Massachusetts Post Office. ■RESH FROM THE FIELDS Compiled by C. J. H. I^ASSACHUSETTS November Favorable The month of November was a 'avwable one for craniberries in Massachusetts. There was an ade- luato amount, although sligthtly ess than normial rainfall. Total 'or the month was 3.07 inches, IS recorded at State Bog while ;h€ average is 3.8-9 inches. This vas sufficient to build up flowage supplies to adequate, although not >lentiful proportions for winter ilood later on. None, or at least I very few, had flowed up for ;he winter by December first. The ^ix>und was not frozen. Month was Warm November was a much wai-mer ihan normal month, temperature for the 30-day period being 110 degrees above the normal, or 3.6 iegrees a day above the norm. Mild Winter Indicated Boston Weather Bureau read into the record that this warm Novemlber indicated a warmer- than-normal winter. It was point- ed out that in the seven years since 1900 in which November has averaged warmer, this has been followed by a mild winter with the exception of one year. This was the warmest Novemlber since 1953. It was pointed out, however, that this six-out-of-seven average does not mean there will not be cold spells, nor a normal amiount of snow. There is usually some snow in November, but none fell this year in the cranberry area. Sunshine Factor Up An encouraging factor for the 1961 cranberry crop was that the sunshine factor for November was up. Sunshine totalled 68 per cent of possible, an amount usually asociated with midsummer. The average for November is 52 per cent. November is an important month is this sunsihine build-up in the cranberry calender in Mas- sachusetts. Much Bog Work Possibly encouraged by an im- pix>ving cranberry market for fresh fruit, there was a good deal of November work on the bogs. There was much sanding, raking and cleaning up of ditches. There was some renovation of old bog, but little or no new bog building started. WASHINGTON Harvest Finished Harvest was finished in Wash- ington by the end of November, with big Cranguyma Farm/s at Long Beach, being one of the last to finish up. Total production now indicated is 52,000 barrels, just one-half of the production of 1959. Looking for Means The set of over-wintering buds of late February and March of 1960 was sufficient to produce, this, another fairly high yield. Past production records indicate that the year following high pro- duction is apt to see one of smal- ler proportions. Low tempera- tures in Feibruary and early Maixjh are blamed largely for the drop in yield. The Station is working on the major problem of how to pro- tect the bogs in the future from sudden drops in temperature suoh as were experienced last spring. Also Station director Charles C. Doughty hopes that adequate fer- tility and nutritional programs may reduce the tendency of biennial bearing. November Mild and Wet The month of November was rather wet with a total of 13.09 inches of rain. On the 10th there was 1.36, on the 19th 2.45 and on the 23rd 1.65. Relative himidity has been high most of the month. The minimum temperature ranged between 48 and 66. Morris Back in Growing Leonard Morris, who sold his bog near Long Beach some time ago to Ralph Tidrick has recently purcihased the bog previously own- ed by Chester Mattson. Mr. Mor- ris, long a grower, is welcome back into the growing fold. Large Cranberry Publicity The current advertising of Ocean Spray and the editorial comments and columns of the press and arti- cles by Washington Department of Agriculture and the Oregon State Department of Agriculture have all done a very fine job of trying to renew the cranberry market in the Northwest. There were several stores in whioh fresh cranberries were being sold for 19 cents per pound. NEW JERSEY State Bog Proposal A committee of the American Cranberry Growers' Association has been working with Dr. Ordwiay Starnes, Associate Director of the New Jersey Agricultural Experi- ment Station, to secure an area in the Wharton Tract for the conduc- tion of experimental work on cran- berries. This committee has Wil- liam S. Hlaines as chairman and includes John Cuitts, Edward Lip- man and Anthony DeMarco. Re- cently Dr. Starnes appointed a Fiv9 coinniittee from the faculty of the College of Agriculture to look over a proposed site which Bill Haines and Jack Cutts suggested. Growers are keenly interested in this project. At the summer meeting in 1959, when the subject to ask for a state bog was pro- posed by Haines and Lipman, the motion was carried unanimously. Dr. Starnes ha,s clearly demon- strated his desire to obtain this tract of land from the State and negotiations are now under way. November Has Cool Nights The weather in the cranberry area of New Jersey during Novem- ber was quite mild. There were 15 days in which the temperature rose to 60 degree F. or above. However, there were some ex- tremely cold nights foi- this time of year as the temperature went as low 17 degree F. on November 8 and plummeted to below freezing on 13 days. The average maximum daily temperature was 59.5 degrees and the average minimum was .34.4 degrees. The monthly mean temperature was 46.5 degrees, which is only .3 degrees higher than the normal for November. Month Dry The month was somewhat drier than noriTial. There were only three days in which appreciable rainfall occurred and the total precipitation was only 2.13 inches, which is only about 62 percent of the normal 3.46 inches for Novem- ber. WISCONSIN November Temperature November in Wisconsin was marked by above normal temipera- tures and normal to above normal precipitation. It marked the first time since the month of March that temperatures were above nor- mal for the mointh. In the cran- berry ai'eas the temperatues were 3 to 4 degrees above normal, along with one half to one inch more than normal pirecipitatiion. The first ten days of the month brought cool weather followed by two weeks of aibbve normal temperatures. There were even two reports of tornadoes in the western part of the state at mid month. The main precipitation came at the very start of the month and at the very end. November Snows The first measurnbLe sr.ow o1 the season hit the entire stete about the 12th which subsequently melted and left no measurable snow in the state for the annual deer season the last o? fie mnth. I Retain natural flavor i I without over- sweetness | ! GLOBE^ I AND CORN SYRUPS l^; CORN PRODUCTS COMPANY ^ I ''^' I B Manufacturers of fine products for the food industry . . . and m popular Best Foods Division grocery brands for the consumer. At months end from six to eight inches of snow were reported in! the far north. This past Novem- ber was by far more subdued than the two previous Novembers which brought below zero temperatures and early winter flooding. The outlook for December is for noisi mal temperatures and precipita- tion. Plenty Of Water Water supplies were more than, adequate for the winter floods. Ground water table was about nine inches above normal and all reservoirs were filled. The only flooding that had been done at months end was some re-flowing of new plantings. Few Berries Left Only a reported 10 to 12 per cent of the Wis. crop remain un- shipped at the end of the month. All agencies reported good move- ment, with some of the smaller shippers reported sold out of fresh fruit. There was some price re- duction prior to Thanksgiving but most suppliers reported sales of about $3.25 to $3.40 per case. It was expected that the remaining berries would be cleaned up easily for the Christmas and New Years markets. Richard Fitz Richard Fitz, 59, of Nekoosa, passed away the first part of No- vember. He owned and operated a small marsh near that city for over 20 years. He had been in ill health for several years following an accident. Mr. Fitz was a mem- ber of Ocean Spray Cranberries. He is sui-vived by his wife and two children. WOMEN BERRY GROWER ARROWS 8-POINT BUCK Mrs. Crawford H. Hollidge, Marstons Mills, Massachusetts, cranberry grower was a successful Diana of the bow and arrow nim- rods last month. Mrs. Hollidge bagged an eight-point, 155 pound buck. Her husband at the same hunt Avas not so lucky. SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES Elton E. Ashley Of East Freetown Bests Massachusetts Average Per Acre He Planted Almost Entirely on High Land — Has Been a Grower Since 1947 By Clarence J. Hall An enviable record of production has been achieved and maintained by Elton E. Ashley of Route 18, East Freetown, Massachusetts. Mr. Ashley until recently had five acres of bog situated to the rear of a garage he operates on Route 18. On these five acres he has achieved an average of better than 500 barrels or a little more than 100 barrels to the acre which is higher than the Massachusetts state average of about 47. His record crop came this fall when he harvested 170 barrels on% acre, 300 barrels on 1 1/7 acre and on 3 acres 495 for a total of d&b barrels on about 5 acres. Perhaps the most remarkable aspect of his cranberry ga-owing is that he planted almost entirely on the upland. He calls this hard- bottom bog, yet it produces well year after year. A portion of these bogs he formerly had planted to potatoes. Set Out First Piece In 1947 He set out his first piece in 1947, a section of 3 and V^ acres. This is entirely on ha.rd iDottom. He bulldozed the surface off. He covered the hard pan with about three to four inches of mud from a swamip in back. This was to hold moisture, he gays. He sanded, hav- ing at that time to have his sand hauled in as there was none on the property. He planted to Early Blacks. The second year he snapped 60 barrels. On this particular sec- tion he has never produced less than 75 barrels since it reached maturity and has picked as high as 160. In 1954 he set out an acre and one-se'venth. This was hard bot- tom too. The following year he set out more bog, a little of thl"^ being on swamp, enough to bring his holdings up to five acres. On this piece of an acre and a seventh he picked 208 barrels in 1958. All his holdings are set to Blacks. When he originally bought his property in East Freetown he had eleven acres in all but to add to his water supply he had to expand this to its present 32. His bogs are flooded by pump from the swamp in back of the upland where he planted the bogs. Fertilize Heavily To wthat does he attribute his success in producing consistently high crops? He said mainly to very adequate fertilization. He does what he calls "fall" fertilizing althoug'h he puts this on in late July and August when the crop i« there. The heavier the crop the heavier he fentilizes. He says he can tell then that the vines need a good doze of fertilizer, up to 300 pounds to the acre. "You've got to feed a bog like anything else," he says. "You've got to put back the food your crop takes out, especially if it is a bard bottoim bog. I also do some spot fertilizing in the sipring, but not very often. I depend on my fall fertilizing, however, to give me the results. He sands his property at least once in every three years. Runs Bogs Dry He runs his bogs dry, perhaps Elton E Ashley (Cranberries Ph J5«T«fl» Showing lI.c beaunful "Upland" — drier than ini'ost growers would consider necessary. He seems to be a man who believes in dryness for cranberries, since he selectd upland and not swani;p to plant. He believes that drainage is very necessary. "A plant is forced to go down deep for moisture if tha bog is kept adequately drained," he declares, "that gives you a deep rooted bog and that is the kind of vines to have. A dry bog keeps out the graiss and weeds." Expands In the fall of 1959 Mr. Ashley went in for cranberry growing on a greatly increased scale. He bought the 21-acre tract of the late R. Harold Allen of Taunton in Acushnet off the north end of Old Water Works pond. This pro- perty is about a mile and a half from his garage and previously owned bogs. This bog is swamp bottom, and like his own bogs was set almost entirely to Early Blacks with the exception of about half an acre of Howes. This bog has always been a Eight Bottom Ashley bog at East Freetown consistent producer. In 1968 Mr. Allen bad harvested 2,200 barrels. Does Own Frost Work Tn's bo^ is flooded frcni the Old "\Vater Works Pond. Mr. Ashley £ub:cribes to tha fro'St v/arning i?::v'c2 rv.d d:e3 his own frost v;::'-. Flocdin^- here is nlso by pump. ' rcoTid Generation Grower 1:3 was born October 6, 11'02, in Freetown. lie is the son of 1 zv.le E. Ashley who was a cran- berry grower in a small way. His father hsd three and a half acres rf." V.13 Dr. Braley road in Free- town. ''I've known about cranberries from my father ever since I re- member anything," he says, "Ever since I can reimem.ber I helped my father around the bog mostly pulling weeds. Weeding is another factor in bog maintanence which he con- siders veiy important. He keeps his bogs in almost weedless con- dition. This past spring he has been replanting pieces of the Allen bog , Mass. (Cranberries Photo) which are "burned out" as he says. He says this particular sec- tion was mn too wet and the vines did not need to get down deep enough to reach moisture. When there came a dry spell they be- came "burned out". For 17 years Mr. Ashley worked in nearby New Bedford in the garage of Herb Atkinson on Acush- net avenue in the North End of the city. He lived there for three and a half years after his mar- riage to a New Bedford girl, Alice A. Sutcliffe. For three and a half years he attended New Bedford Vocational school, where he learned the arts of a machinest, that is to operate lathes, milling machines, etc. He learned the auto machanic business from his work in the garage. In 1938 he went into business for himself on Route 18, opening up Ashley's Garage. He operated this himself with his son until last year. Then the latter, Elton E. Ashley, Jr., tooik over its management. He is a veteran of the Second World War and reached Berlin with the army of occupa- tion. He is a graduate of New Be^^ord Vocational School as was 'his lather. Repairs Cranberry Equipment With his interest in cranberries and his automobile repairing and machinist training it was only natural that Mr. Ashley sihould get into the repair of cranberry equipment. He has repaired West- ern Pickers, fertilizer spreaders, dusters, motors and other pieces of equipment iC-' cranlberry grow- ers. He no-w has three Westerns, is one of the reasons for which, is one of the reasons for successful cropping of his bogs. He likes the pruning action. He has built no less than eight "bog^nobiles," these being three wheels pieces of apparatus with two wheels in front, one in back and operated from the rear. They are powered by Briggs & Stratton motors and equipped with airplane type tires to prevent too much weight on the vines. These ma- chines can be used for sanding, ditch cleaning and wiheeling off berries in the fall. Good Insert Control Besides fertilizing, weeding and regular sanding Mr. Ashley gives his bogs good ins&ct treatment. -Since he boug'ht the Allen bogs he has been using the service of Ben Atwood of Hanson operating straigiht-winged planes. All his (bogs are so 'situated that they can be easily covered with this type of insect control. He has used heli- coipiters in the past. Assisting him in full time bog work, now that his elder son has taken over the garage is his other boy, Harrie, 18. He too attended Vocational School. Harrie, how- ever, is very much interested in cranberry growing and intends to make that his life business. Caring for the current 26 acres of cranlberry bog is a fulltitne work for Mr. Ashley and his son as they employ no other help ex- cept at harvest time. He says this keeps him busy from morning to night. Markets Independently He is an independent in market- ing. Before he bought the Allen ^bogs he sold through Decas Bros, of Wareham, but is now with Peter A. LeSage of Yarmouth. He is a member of the South- eastern Massachusetts Cranberry Club and of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association. He says he finds time to belong to no other organizations, but that he gets a great deal of valuable information out of the meetings of these groups, especially the cranberry club. Hobby Is Hunting His only hobby is hunting. This he does every fall after cranberry harvest. He goes to Jefferson, New Hampshire where he hunt.? deer. He has also gone after bear and a year or so ago shot a bsar, which, to his surprise he says he found to be excellent eating. MORE ON THE NEW CRANBERRY PRODUCT A new cranberry product, cran- berry table syrup, is making its debut in Massachusetts. Boys and girls of the Massachusetts 4-H Clubs are introducing the new product in their state. These 4-H boys and girls who number about 12,000, are selling the syrup in their spare time to make money for the State 4-H Club Foundation, which helps support the State 4-H Club work. T^eir big sales push started during Cranberry Harvest Week when markets nationwide featured cranberries. The young people sold the syrup mostly from booths or counters in retail food stores. The syrup was packed exclu- sively for the 4-H memibers by a growers' (Ocean Spray) coopera- tive. And the label on its attrac- tive bottle and outside on the cardboard container caiTies the familiar green 4-H emblem. If the new products succeeds in Mas'sachusetts, consumers can ex- pect it on markets elsewhere in the future. It is brilliant red, the natural fruit color, and de- veloped to be "not too tart and not too sweet." It may be used on pan cakes or waffles, grape- fruit or other fruit, ice cream, cake or other deserts. (Agricultu- ral Marketing.) 2,567 ACRES IN WISCONSIN FROST WARNING There was a total of 2,567 acres acres paid up in the Wisconsin frost warning service, Wisconsin Cranben-y News reports. This is less than last year. Membership of the Wisconsin State Cranlberry Growers' Association at present is 89, which is below previious mem- bership. FOR SALE SPRAYING RIG — 200 gals, single tank, complete with pump, motor, hose, etc., brand new, never in service. Mounted on long chassis Dodge truck in run- ning condition. Cost about $1,500.00 complete. Price now is $1,000.00 cash to anyone who can use it. If local, contact Laurie Halunen at property on Federal Fur- ance Rd., South Carver, or Mrs. Roger A. Chauvin, Carver — UNion 6-3615, also South Carver, or write to the undersigned address: — BERTON BENJAMIN, Trustee Est. of W. W. Benjamin, 41 Terrace Avenue, Riverside, Conn. ^ia« vi^hat do "we sell... packages or CRANBERRIES ! Sometimes it's hard to tell! Because the famous Continental MERCHANDISER DIGEST takes your products to over 100,000 retailers across the nation - spreading the word about your promotions everywhere. Monthly coverage like this shows the grocer what you're doing, and what he can do to tie-in. Making news, influencing buying habits, and building sales with striking display ideas - an exclusive marketing service, by Continental for you! CONTINENTAL^^^CAN COMPAMY 100 East 42 Street, New York 17, N. Y. T^n Jj WHAT IS IT? It is a ntvv type cranberry separator experimental model being de- veloped by Prof John "Stan" Norton, mechanical engineer at Massachu- setts Cranberry Experiment Station. Norton is shown behind the model. (Cranberries Photo) EXPERIMENTAL CRAN- BERRY SEPARATOR - Berries are discharged onto the roller con- veyor from the hopper. The con- veyor carries them under the small spring-loaded press rollers which apply a light pressure to them, fording the soft ones between tihe conveyor rollers to he discharged out the side as culls. The firm ber- ries are carried over the end of the conveyor to he discharged in suitable containers. The rolling motion given to the berries by the conveyor pennits a very light pressure to force fthe soft ones between the rollers. A grader, 1/32 inch larger than the space between the conveyor rollers, should be installed ahead of the separator to remove the small, firm berries so they will not be discharged with the culls. The photograph shows the devicf in the state of development ir which it was sitarted last winter At that time tests indicated i; was comparable to the conventional (bounce) separator. This is not good enough, says Norton. There- fore modifications are being anade which should improve both the efficiency of the machine and the resultant keeping quality of the milled berries over previous tests. The purpose of the project is to attempt to develop a separator that will remove most of the un- sound fruit, with less bruising than the conventional separators, so that shelf-life of fresh fruit migtht be increased. The model, which, is about half- size of the expected finished pro- duct, can mill about eight barrels of berries per hour. Mass. Chooses 1961 Miss Cranberry Highway Pretty brunette Terri Gillis, 17, Middleboro, a telephone operator, was chosen Miss Cranberry High- way for 1960-1961 Sunday in a field of 10 entries. Selection was made at Edaville, South Carver, with preliminary interviews hav- ing been held the previous after- noon. Cranberry Highway Princess chosen was little Laurelle Godin, 7, of Forestdale. Two Cranberry Highway Princes were cho-en for the first time, these being Scott McDowell. 9, of Dennis and Charles Gable, 8, of Monument Beach. A large tourist crowd witnessed the talent show, held at the main Edaville railroad station preceding the judging. The vdnners were chosen, not alone on looks, but on the basis of appearance, poise, personality and talent. Miss Gillis, the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. James Gillis of 47 View St., Middleboro is a graduate of Middleboro High Sdhool last June and is employed in the Middleboro telephone office as a telephone operator She was named Middle- boro football queen in 1959 and earlier this year won the title of Miss County Fair at Lakeville. She was selected as runner-up in the Miss Middleboro Fair contest. She has been named Miss Mid- dleboro Eagle in previous contests and appeared in the Veteran Diay ball sponsored by the Middleboro Allied Council. In high school she was vice-ipresident of her class, a member of the Girls' League, on the Softball and basketball teams, in the art club, and was also a member of the Memorial High School cheerleader squad', Jlleven Miss Terri Gillis 17, Middleboro telephone operator is Miss Cranberry Highway ot 1961 and served as census captain and bank supervisor. She attends Sac- red Heart Church in Middleiboro. At the talent show she sang in a quintet. The princess is the daughter of Sergeant and Mrs. Orrin E. Godin, currently stationed at Otis Air Base. The princes are respectively the sons of Mr. and Mrs. Paul Mc- Dowell and Mr. and Mrs. Ralph Gable. At the talent show some of the girls sang, some danced, one doing the Charleston in a costume of the Charleston period, one exhi- bited art work and one showed gowns she had designed herself. The judges included David Wil- son of Radio Station WNBH, New Bedford; Mrs. Margaret E. Hans- mann, secretary to District At- torney Edmund Diniz New Bed- ford; Mrs. Lois Hatch, Orleans; Mrs. Joseph Morris, Buzzards Bay; Twelve (Cranberries Photo) Mis. Henrietta Waite of Fair- haven, radio announcer, who acted also as mistress of ceremonies; Lieutenant Doris S. Dowell and Captain James W. Dowell of Otis Air Force Base; Cadet Lieutenant John J. Crocker of Maritime Acad- emy, Buzzards Bay; Mrs. Agnes Karl of Butlerville, Onset; and Mrs. Carolyn Miller of Marion. Miss Gillis and other meniibers of the royal family of the Cran- berry Higihvv^ay will be officially crowned in ceremonies which will highlight a Ne^v Year's dance in the Armory at Buzzards Bay, New Year's eve. READ CRANBERRIES Good Cleanup In Prospect For Fresh Fruit A good clean-up for fresh fruit seemed to be in prospect in mid- December. Processed sales were not going as well, but fresh fnait was selling better than it was in 1958, the last "normal" market year. Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. reported in its bulletin to its bro- kers December 9 that "all markets I'eport excellent cleanup at both retail and wholesale levels." Mar- ket Research Corporation report for the period October 2 through November 19 was that purchase of Ocean Spray fresh cranberri^ was 6 percent over the periond for 1958. Bulletin added that bookings were heavy, and that a good de- mand for Christmas will clean up all fresh berries early. M. C. Beaton of Beaton's Dis- tributing Agency, Wareham, Mass. said shipping for Christm'as was lieavy and he was working two shifts. He said demand was the best he had seen in "many a moon," and his fresh fruit sales were ahead of 1958. He did not know if all fresh fruit would be cleaned up by the first of the year but prospects were good. Processed fruit was not going as well. Willianm Decas of Decas Broth- ers, Wareham, Mass., averred he will sell more fresh berries this year by 10,000 barrels or more, than he ever did before. Sales to processors were considerably off from previous years. Cranberiy Products, Inc. of Ea- gle River, Wisconsin, was all sold out before the end of November and was buying Massalchusetts berries for processing. Shortly be- for Christmas President Vernon Goldsworthy said his sales were back to normal and June first, which will be the fiscal year, will show a very substantial increase in business for Cranberry Pro- ducts and will be its best year to date. Indian Trail, Inc. of Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin was going two shifts before Christmas. Heavy Robert Fugure, president of Cranberry Highway Association holds up winning Cranberry Highway princess, Laurelle G^n, Just after her selection. "" " '" '"" '"' movement started late, but by the end of Novemiber it was evident there were not enough berries left for the Christmias trade. A spokesmen at Ocean Spray said that while processed sales had been slow, that cooperative had been shipping as fast as pos- sible since Thanksgiving. This in- dicated increased retail sales of processed products. The same spokesman said that generally speaking the "come back" in cranberry sales in gen- eral has been much quicker and even stronger than hoped for. It sihould be rememlbered that it was only a year ago that the slump ■vra» at its lowt^t. (CRANBERRIES Photo) Wise. ASSOCATION ACTIVE IN CRANBEERY PROMOTION Wisconsin State Cranberry Growers' Association was active in a number of cranberry promo- tional events this past year. The Association had an exhibit at the Wisconsin State Progress Field Days at Marshfield fair- ground. The three-day affair at- tracted more than 75,00 and 7,000 free samples of cranbeny juice cocktail were distributed. Exhibit was designed primarily to show cranberry products. Association also had a 20-foot •xhibit at the 1960 Wisconsin State Fair. The 10-day attractiori broug-'ht out more than 850,000 persons. Cranberry juice cocktails were again given out with cran- beny recipe folders. The same exhibit was moved to Milwaukee County Statium for the Braves Cr-^-nberry Rally. The Wisconsin State Dept. of Agriculture was very helpful in providing material used in pTomo- tion activities. Alice in Dairyland, Wisconsin's official ambassador, was on hand and made a special trip to Wisconsin Rapids for pic- tures relative to cranberry harvest- ing, these having been used in many daily papers. There were a number of radio and television programs on cranberries. Prof. George C. Klingbeil, ex- cutive secretary, asserts these pro- motions would have been impos- sible without full cooperation of distributing agencies— Ocean Spray, Indian Trail and Cranberry Pro- ducts, Inc. SUCCESSOR TO FLEMMING NAMED BY KENNEDY President-Elect John F. Ken- nedy on December 1 nominated Gov. Abraham A. Ribincoff of Connecticut as his first cabinet member to succetd Arthur S. Flem- ming as secretary of Health, Edu- cation and Welfare. It was Sec. Flemmings statements concerninig contamination of some cranberries by amino triazole on November 9th 1959 which precipitated the great "cranbeirry scare" and re- sultant market failure last winter. Wise. BARREL ASSESSMENT FOR STUDIES SUCCESS Prof. George C. Klingbeil, ex- ecutive secretary of Wisconsin State Cranberry Growers' Asso- ciattion, reports that the plan to ask members for voluntary asses- sments of one cent per barrel for herbicide residue studies has been successful. Time limit for receiv- ing the assessments is Dec. 31. Prof. M. N. Dana of the Uni- versity of Wisconsin who is in charge of the residue project this year has made arrangements with the Wisconsin Alumni Foundation to run the necessary analysis and the first results should be forth- coming shortly. Results of these analyses -will be used along with results from other states to provide needed data in order that request can be made for label clearance of cer- tain herbicides. This data will also be helpful in guiding future research relative to chemicals that now seem questionable. REASONS BEHIND TH'E MASS CROP "What are the reasons for the tremendous crop of cranberries now estimated in Massaehuisetts at 790,000 barrels?" asks Dominic A, Marini, Plymouth County Ex- tension Agent. He then gives the reasons as he understands them. "There are a number of reasons, largely climatic in nature. Chief among them are sunshine - which was high in 1959. The mild winter of 1959-60 with no winter killing was another factor. A remarkably frost free spring with no serious frost damage was another con- tributing factor. Another favor- able factor was a very good grow- ing season with good pollinating weather, lots of sunshine, no se- vere drought or heat wave and timely rains. Insects were less abundant than usual and good weather permitted timely appli- cations of pesticides so that in- sect damage was slight. All these factors combined to produce the biggest cranberry crop in Massa- chusetts history." MASS. MAY HAVE 62.2 AVERAGE If the final estimate of the size of the Massachusetts cranberry crop proves to be 790,000 barrels, the crop will be by far the largest and, naturally, with the highest average per acre in the state's history. It will be an average of 62.2 barrels per acre based on 12,700 acres harvested. The state average has been around 47 bar- rels to the acre. on Cranberry Highway at Orleans. Nov thei-e should be a motor car named for the cranben-y. We have gift shops and eating establish- ments so named. The color of such a car should, of course, be predominently cranberry red. The new Cranberry Motors sells Larks. NOW A CRANBERRY MOTOR SALES CO. A new motor sales company has been named Cranberry Motors, Inc. Where is it? It is on Cape Cod Ocean Spray 1930 - 1960 (Editors Note: The following is a continuation of the address of Ocean Spray attorney, John R. Quarles as given at the annual Ocean Spray meeting.) The other episode I will men- tion a little later. Without precedent and in view of the rather general language of the Capper- Volstead Act, we hesi- tated to go too far in reliance on it without clearing with Wash- ington. Advisory opinions from the Department of Justice were more cjommon than they are today. John Lord O 'Brian, the head of the antitrust division, frankly admit- ted that he had never heard of the Capper- Volstead Act but he and his staff were intrigued by the problem and anxious to be helpful. He sent for a copy of the Act and when we examined it I got an aw- ful shock. It did not seem to say what in Boston I had thought it did. I pulled out my copy for a closer look and we discovered a different wording at a vital point. Reference to the official enactment cnr-'^irrned my version and we went On from there. The only douostful point then re- lated to whether a farmers' co- op eratiA^e taking advantage of the Act could have corporations as memibers or must be limited to individual farmers. A member of the staff suggested that possibly the Depiartment of Agriculture had some views on the subject — in those days the Department cf Justice regarded the views of the Department of Agriculture as of some significance. They according- ly put through a call and got me an immediate appointment with Acting Secretary of Agriculture Dunlap and I went over there. The people in Agriculture were quite familiar with the Act, having had dealings with various West Coast cooperatives organized un- der it. They were obviously dis- turbed by the suggestion that co- operatives with corporate mem- bers might not be entitled to the benefits of the Act, as they had made loans running into the mil- lions of dollars to such coopera- tives. They accordingly refei-red the miatter to their legal staff and within a few days I received a letter which was in substance a very convincing brief in support of their position and mine. That let- ter with a supporting statement of facts and memorandum of law which I put together satisfied the Department of Justice and, al- though they were unwilling to give a formal approval, I was assured that they saw no reason to ob- ject to our proceeding with the merger. In retrospect some parts of our statement of facts may interest you. To pick a few at random. In 1929 the total U. S. cran- berry crop was 528,000 barrels of which Massachusetts pro- duced 385,000 barrels or 73 7r, New Jersey 90,000 barrels or 17^'r, Wisconsin 40,000 or IVz'vc and Oregon 13,000 or 2V2'/f. Prices in the market ranged from $3 to SI 8 per barrel. Mr. Urann's company, appar- ently the pioneer, had started canned cranben-ies twelve years earlier and had built its pack up to something over 200,000 cases a year, and the Makepeace and New Jersey companies to- gether were canning about 150,- 000 eases a year, a grand total of only about 35,000 barrels a wear. After exploring various possibil- ities we decided to use a Delaware corporation because that allowed a 7iiaximum of flexibility and seemed best suited for cai-rying out the business agreement and meeting all the legal requirements. The name originally chose and used until 1946 was Cranberry Canners, Inc. Later it was changed to National Cranberry Association, and last year to Ocean Spray Cran- berries, Inc. For convenience, I (Continued on Page 16) fidJt>gjal5 ISSUE OF DECEMBER 1960 VOL. 25 - NO. 8 {^^^om^^M^J^i^ MARKETING BEGINS ON THE LAND Marketing problems originate way back in the growing field, or cranberry bog, in cranberries. They do not sudden- ly emerge when Mrs. Housewife is con- fronted with an inferior product that she does not want. A mistake which many politicians have made, aided and abetted by some influen- tial farm leaders is the insistance the last 16 years that all that was needed to im- prove the lot of the agriculturist was to expend millions of dollars of the taxpay- ers' money on so-called "marketing prob- lems." Are we better off than before they started and for all the money we have spent? You know the broad answer for agriculture. There is no magic wand that can sud- denly solve all the problems of agricul- ture and the fruit industry. Success comes from hard work. And clear thinking. What brought the blueberry industry into being? Was it economic theories or was it Dr. Coville and Miss Elizabeth White and the varieties of blueberries that they developed? There are many other instances. Where would the fruit industry be, and the cranberry industry without chemists and manufacturers, and without insecti- cides, fungicides and fertilizers, cold stor- age and canning and freezing and all the "know-how" that goes into making up a crop for retail market? We need those who work on economic theories and mar- keting problems, beyond the growing land itself. We need those with vision to see that marketing begins on the growing land, and on the bog. TWO BITS OF SOUND ADVICE Two sound bits of advice are advanced in a brief article elsewhere in this publi- cation by Bert J. Leasure, large grower of Manitowish Waters, Wisconsin. He says it is the duty of every grower to par- ticipate in programs to increase the sale of cranberries. Mr. Leasure, a director of Ocean Spray, also says it is important that every grower support the Cranberry Institute. He asserts, rightly, that the Institute did a great job in the cranberry crisis of CLARENCE J. HALL Editor and Publisher EDITH S. HALLr— Associate Editor Wareham, Massachusetts SUBSCRIPTIONS, $3.50 Per Year, FOREIGN, $4.50 CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin LEO A. SORENSON Crant>erry Consultant Wisconsin Rapids Wisconsin Dr. Washington CHARLES C. DOUGHTY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. Oregon GRANT SCOTT Coquille, Ore. Massachusetts Dr. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. Cranberry Experiment StatioH East Wareham, Mass. EDWARD K. KNAPP Barnstable County Agricultural Agent OSCAR S. JOHNSON Barnstable, Mass. New Jersey P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey last year. But now, that the immediate tension is over, support has again become lackadaisical. We need a strong Insti- tute, particularly in the sale of fresh fruit. With an excellent cleanup of the 1960 fresh fruit crop in prospect, this should be a much merrier Christmas for growers than 1959. Processed sales, unfortunate- ly seem to be slower, but there is a come back. To all we wish a Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year. Fiftl^A SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS OCEAN SPRAY Association. (Continued from Page 14) The Certificate of Incorporation will refer to it generally ais the and by-laws had to be made out ~ " ■ iiri'irm nn'iiin Mniii^wiiii ■iiiihiiiiiitiihhih miiniirnniiiiiininiiuiiMw^Miii^B iniirmni WISCONSIN HEADQUARTERS FOR INSECTICIDES - FUNGICIDES HERBICIDES j DUSTS - WETTABLE POWDERS - EMULSIONS Parafhion — Malathion Ferbam — Dowpon Liquid and Granular Weed and Brush Killers Hopkins Agricoltura! Cheinicai Co. P.O. BOX 584 MADISON, WIS. Phone Alpine 7-1019 ilviimi'iiminniaiiiiniiniiiHiiiiHiimiiiHiiiii IIIIIHIIIHIlliBliliBIIIIHIIIIHIIIIHIiill VloCudiWl ^'«M«tg4 Look Ahead to the Jolliest YULETIDE SEASON Our Best Wishes to Everyone ! INDIAN TRAIL INC Wisconsin Rapids WISCONSIN P.O. Box 710 of the whole cloth to fit the pecu- liar circumstances. We had no pat- tern or precedent. As previously mentioned, each group insisted on air-tight protective clauses. As to the board of directors, the under- standing was that the Urann in- terests would elect one-half, the Mia-kepeace interests one-fourth, and the New Jersey interests one- fourth, and to carry this out and protect minority interests in var- ious other respects we created three classes of voting stock. A fourth class of non-voting stock v/as issued for assets in excess of the amount for which it was desired to issue voting shares. To protect each group against the sale of its plant or other radical cihange in the setup, we provide that any sale of fixed assets in excess of a stated maximum, in any year or any fundamental change in the plan of operation would require approval by each of the three classes of voting stock — in other words, gi\-ing each group veto power over major changes. The corporate powers were stated in the language of the Capper- Vol- stead Act and the Internal Rev- enue Act relating to tax exempt cooperatives, and dividends were restricted as required by these statutes. (To Be Continued) CORRUGATED CULVERT PIPE and FLOW GATES FelfcerBros. Mfg.Co. MARSHFIELD WISCONSIN Phone 230 - 231 SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS FOR SALE SEARLES JUMBO HOWES, McFARLIN Vines for delivery in 1961 $125.00 Ton F.O.B. INTERESTED IN PURCHASING WISCONSIN CRANBERRY PROPERTIES Vernon Goldsworthy B.S. & M.S. University of Wisconsin Cranberry Consultant Fees Reasonable EAGLE RIVER WISCONSIN OUR PRODUCTS DANA MACHINE & SUPPLY Co. Wis. Rapids Wis. MFGS. of: SPRAY BOOMS GRASS CLIPPERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS Getsinger Retracto tooth pickers Dryers DISTR. of: VEE BEILTS & PULLEYS ROLLER CHAINS SPROCKETS & BEARINGS CONVEYOR BELTING STEEL Strained Cranberry Sauce Whole Cranberry Sauce Cransweets Diced Cransweets Cranberry Apple Sauce Cranberry-Strawberry Preser Cranberry -Cherry Preserves Cranberry-Pineapple Preserve Cranberry-Raspberry Preserv( Cranberry-Rhubarb Preserves Cranberry-Gooseberry Preserve Sliced and Whole Consumer Size & Spiced Cranberries Cranberry Chilli Sauce Cranberry Bar-B-Q Sauce Cranberry Orange Relish Cranberry Vinegar es Cranberry Juice Cran-Beri Cran-Vari Cran-Puri Cranberry Puree es Cran-Bake Maraschino Cranberries Bulk Fresh Cranberries Cranberry Products, Inc. EAGLE RIVER, WISCONSIN ,i.lkiii>M. YOU Your Foreman Deserves A Subscription to Cranberries; too ARE READING THIS AD OTHERS WILL READ YOURS IN CRANBERRIES Magazine Give a gift tliat's Packed with Pleasure NE>V CRANBERRY GIFT CARRIER Holiday packed with • 2 pints of Ocean Spray Cranberry Juice Cocktail • 2 seven-ounce cans of Ocean Spray Cranberry Sauce • 4 traditional-designed opal glasses • International Silver's Cranberry Server Can be re-used as . . . • beverage tray for beach or patio • carry-all for barbecues and picnics • gardener's helper for tools and plants • knitting or sewing box Only *5.95 ORDER TODAY! Give all your friends a cranberry gift carrier. Give yourself one, too! TO; GIFT DEPT. Ocean Spray Cranberries Inc., Hanson, Mass. Please send me CRANBERRY GIFT CARRIER(S) at $5 each. Enclosed is __(amount). Check n Money Order Q Cash D STREET, _ZONE. n PS. Please send me your order blank for more gifts STATE. YINC A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY -^y\t ^^HOHAL CRANBERRY M^^>|;,^^ UBRARY FEB 1 1! UNIVERSU vlASSACi APE COD F ^I^^H HH^^^^^^^^^^^KhZ!...! iEW JERSEY m 1^ M WISCONSIN 1 Wt m HHI^^L h OREGON ^ «^»^ ^^^^^w r- WASHINGTON ^4j^ I^H^^^^^^^B^^^^E,^^ i 1 CANADA ^m Jill ^^^^^jh FRANCIS K. KENDRICK Cape Cod Leader with his spaniel, Bi (CRANBERRIES i 35 Cents JANUARY 1961 DIRECTORY For CRANBERRY GROWERS Worcester Paper | Box Corporation CRANBERRIES i The i iCHARLES W. HARRIS! MEDFORD, MASS. Tel. MYstic 8-5305 Manufacturers of Folding Cartons MAGAZINE . . . Is . . . The SOLE Publication Of The 1 Company | 1 26 Somerset Ave | 1 North Dighton, Mass. | 1 AMES 1 1 Irrigation Systems | 1 Sprinklers | and Industry Accepting 1 Weed killers | i Insecticides i ■ Fangicides ■ Displays 1 ADVERTISING 1 from p s Cal. Spray Chemical Company m m Dupont Company J WATER WHITE KEROSENE Wareham Savings EQUIPMENT For use on Cranberry Bogs Bank HAYDEN Also STOUDARU SOLVENT Falmouth Branch - SEPARATOR - Prompt Delivery Service Welcome Savings Account WAREHAM, MASS. Franconia Coal Co. Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent Irrigation Systems PUMPS — Inc. — Wareham, Mass. Tel. CY 5-0039 PHONE CYpress 5-3800 Kimball 8-3000 SEPARATORS - BLOWERS SCREENHOUSE EQUIPMENT DARLINGTON The National Ba nk of Wareham PICKING MACHINES Conveniently locatec for Cranberry Men Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK ALFRED PAPPI Funds always avail able for sound loans At Screenhouses. Bors and Pumps Means Satisfactio* WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. CY 5-2000 Complete Ba nking Service SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES Member Federal Deposit Iniurance Corp. SLIGHT DROP IN WASHINGTON iSTATE IN FINAL CROP The total U. S. cranlbeTry crop in the final report is decreaiseid' sliglhtly. This dmp' is in Wia'slhing- iton State from 52,800 in the No- vemiber estimate to 45,200. This drops the total crop from 1,344,000 to 1,336,400. This leaves the other sltaites Hit; Massachuseitts, 790,000; New Jer- sey, 86,000; Wisconsin, 385,000; Oregon 30,200. This compares to a total of 1,237,200 in 1959 and a ten^ear average of 998,820 barrels. The Washingiton croip at 46^00 is less than expected prior to com- pletion of harvest and markedly below the 1959 harvest of 106,000 barrels. Sdmidarly the Oregon crop was sulbstanltialily less than the 1959 iproiducti'on of 52,200 barrels. Sprinig frosts diamaged the crops in both Oregme surplus of finiit car- ried over into the 1961 harvesting- season unless some unforseen de- velopments take place. Institute Works The cooperative assistance of the food-handlers of the country. and particularly of the U.S.D.A. in all its branches, is responsible for much of the success the indus- try has experienced in its fig:ht to i-egrain markets. The splendid work of the Cranberry Institute should also be recognized. It was the Institute that spear-headed the drive which i-esulted in "The White House-U.S.D.A." p r o g: r a m for growers which enabled them to continue in business during 1960. The growers themselves have spent over 25'> of their gross i-eceipts in sales, advertising, merchandis- ing and promotional programs to help sell the record crop, and these programs are expected to continue. During the coming year it is expected that the Cranberrj- In- stitute \s"ill continue to represent the industry and will seek further governmental assistance in temis of increased \ise under tbe School Lunch Program and -n-ithin the armed sei-vices. It ^N-ill seek to establish export markets and ex- plore the possibilities of a market- ing agreement for cranberries. The Extension Sei^vice -will cooperate closely ^\■ith the Agricultural Mar- keting Xews Ser\-ice in seeking to improve market and shipping point reports, and will continue to support consumer education pro- grams and develop additional qual- ity control programs with assist- ance of industrj- leaders and the staff at the Ci-anben-y Experiment Station. READ CRANBERRIES Western Pickers Parts and Repairs Agent for 1960 Model ORDER XOW J. E. BRALEY & SON MACHINE SHOP 7S Gibbs Atc. Wareham, Mass. HAVE YOUR REPAIRS DONE XOW Brewer & Lord INSURANCE 40 Broad Street, Boston, Mass. ARTHUR K. POPE CONVERSE HILL WILLIAM B. PLUMER ROBERT A. SULLIVAN EDWARD H. LEARNARD VINCENT M. WILSON JOHN B. CECILL, JR. HORACE H. SOULE CHARLES M. CUTLER EBEN A. THACHER HERBERT R. LANE Serving the People of New England Since 1859 FOR PREFABRICATED FLUMES SEE RUSSELL A. TRUFANT HYDRAULIC CONSULTANT PREFABRICATED FLUMES BOG RAILROADS UNION 6-3696 North Carver, Mass. Issue of Janrary 1961 - Vol. 25 No. 9 Published nnontlily at The* Courier Print Shop, Main St.. Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscriptions J3.50 per year. Second Class Po.stage Paid at Wareham, Massachusetts Post Office. FRESH FROM THE FIELDS Compiled by C. J. H. MASSACHUSETTS December Blizzard Following the remarkably mild November, (which with a warmer- than-normal April had indicated a mild winter) the Massachusetts cranberry area was socked with an early winter blizzard December 12, just three months to a day following Hurricane Donna. De- cemiber to that date had also been mild, with no L'now and mostly pleasant days. The storm of the 12th was de- scribed by Boston Weather Bureeau as the most severe December bliz- zard in Weather Bureau history. Snow began the night of the 11th and continued until late after- noon v c:.p:ain?. ri:rains of wild varieties are used for commercial '^ i^'t. Go'dsworLhy suggests that U. P. outdoorsmen might want to be on the lookout for wild ber- ries that are bright red in early September and thinks that cut- tings, if properly propagated, could be sold at a premium. Mr. House says the bog at the House fai-m is about 80 years old and was started by an uncle of his father, Frank House. The uncle fold out to Mr. House, Sr., who died in 1935. After his depth noth- ing was done to the marshes until this past season. There are 8-10 acres in the marsh. The wild vines for the plirt'rr; were gathered from an is'and in Canada, about 20 miles a?i-cs?; t""^ lake. The fruit v/as sold "n P'-^t Ste. Marie and in Ft. L'^u;.? -'- '-> about 1925. After thct, b:c3us- rf low returns from the jerries, tho bogs were permitted to ru-i dc-.\Ti. At one time the fruit was ::iado in- to a cran'::erry catsup. Mr. House visited GDVIr-v'-'-^y last summer at Eagle River, Wis- fonrin nrd looked over the cran- berry marshes in that area. "Goldy" paid a return visit to con- sider the prospects of cranberiy growing at the House farm at Whitefish Point. He believed cran- berries can be profitably grown there and offered to help l-y ou: the marshes. Recently a progress report of the Luce County Crr.nberry Demon- stration was made. It reported two pickup loads of vines were pro- vided hy the Eagle River (Wis- consin) Cranberry Corporation, consisting of two varieties, Searls and McFarlins. Approximately one half acre each were broadcast by hand and punched into the muck through the use of hand planters. In late July approximate- ly 200 pounds of 5-20-20 fertilizer was broadcast on the one-acre plot. By the end of July a good stand of cranberries was in evidense, the cuttings producting a rather uni- form sprouting of approximately four inches. Further plans for 1930 include the installation of a pump- ing system and the flooding of the bog for the winter protection. TO SCARE BIRDS FROM BLUEBERRIES The New England HomesteaJ. tellis of a farmer at Southhampton, M'as&achusettis who has built a ''mouse'trap" wihich keep^s biids away from hos half-acre blueber- ry planting. The machine works so well that he has applied for a patent. The machine he made is placed on a AA'ooden support about nine feet high in the center of his blueber- ries. Radiiating out from tlhe hub, eig^ht long wires are strung over the planting to outside pos.ts where they are attached by springs. Every wire has a shiny tin sus- pended from it on short wires. He built his machine from odd materials, including a gear reduc- tion system he took from a wash- ing machine, a bicycle wheel placed horizontally, a cement block for balance and a gasoline motor. The mctor was the most expensdve part, but it only cost 30 cents a day to run it. The motor propels the wheel whidh carries a steel arm joined so it sitrikes each wire in turn and se'ts up a vibration to agitate the tin plates which re- spond with brigiht flashes and clash- ing sounds. This is reported as enougth com- 'miotion to agitate the birds who fly away from the ripening blue- berries in flocks. raagiajtsgeaiia-iiaaSg* READ CRANBERRIES Assistant At Mass, State Bog Learns Cranberries Milton J. Paane, who :.-: the rz-r assistant to Prof. John "Stan" Norton, research engineer at Mass- achusetts Cranberry Experiment Station is a new hand at cran- berries, but is pleased to be as- sociaited with the industry. Mr. Paine was born in Warehiam, April 1, 1912, and was educated in the Wareham schools, attend- ing Wareham Higih School and Vo- cational School in New Bedford where he studied to be an elec- trician. However, he took up other work and has experience as a gardner, working in Marion, Mass., and in draggeT fishiing. He fisihed out of Ilyannis and New Bedford. There he had experience with diesel en- gines. Moie recently he was with r-- 0 Cod Trout C3--p'5nv, Ken- neth Graham, proiprieltor in Ware- ham, wthere he, among otner job'^; did motor work. He is the husband of Mrs. Au- drey Paine, whio for several years has been secretary at the Maas- aahusetts Cranberry Experiment Station. His hobby is f islhing. El«vea CoUey Again Elected Head Of Cranberry Institute Surplus is estimated at 700,000 barrels in spite high Seasonal Sales, Desirability of Marketing Agreement is discussed. Cranlbeiry Institute, meeting at Washington, D. C. January 9 and 10th elected directors and officers and discussed disposal of the 1960 and the coming 1961 crops. There was a good attendance from all cranberry areas, with all of the pi-imary distributors of cran'berries present. The same officers and directors as last year were re-elected. Directors are, Leon April of Morris April Bros. New Jersey; Oi-rin G. Colley, Duxhury, Massa- chusetts, William Huffman of In- dian Trail, Wisconsin Rapids, Wis- consin; Bert J. Leasure of Chicago and Manitowish Waters, Wiscon- sin of Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc., John Morelli of Minot Food Packers, New Jersey, George C. P. Olsson, p resident of Ocean Spray, Marcus M. Urann of United Cape Cod Cranherry Company, Massachusetts. Officers named by the board are, president, Colley; vice presi- dent, Leasure; secretary- treasurer, Marcus Uxann. There was much discussion con- cerning the proposed marketing agreement for the cranberry in- dustiy. It is held it is desirable to give the Institute the control of some ben-ies that it may help reduce the surplus. The Institute is working for augmented cran- berry school lunches, and relief food, and importantly foreign trade outlets. It was pointed out that the final payment from the U. S. Depart- ment of Agriculture was delayed due to an unexpected amount of difficulty USDA auditors were finding in ompleting final figures. It is understood that one or two of the minor accounts had been paid in full, and it was expected the audit would be completed and checks sent out before the end of January. This was a brand new experience for the auditors in hand- ling the $10 million indemnity. Although sales of fresh fniit, — with canned fruit lagging — was high during the Thanksgiving- Christmas buying — Ocean Spray having sold its record barrelage of fresh fruit — there still remains a heavy surplus. This was esti- mated by President Colley, as close as he could figure at ap- proximately 700,000 barrels. This huge surplus cannot, it is feared, be sold through normal channels of trade before the 1961 crop comes in. Therefore a market- ing agreement, not a marketing order, is under consideration that the Institute may more fully co- operate in assisting to dispose of as many cranberries as possible, through other means; increased school lunches, more ci'anberries for relief food and th? opening up 0^ foreign mai'kets. Following the two-day meeting reprei&entatives of the Institute visited officials of the USDA and began the work of getting ac- quainted with the new admdnistra- tion. Dr. PMleo Nash New President Wisconsin Asso. Wisconsin Fresh Sales Up 8 percent, $3,000 for Residue Research. Dr. Phileo Nash of Wisconsin Rapids was elected president of Wisconsin State Cranberry Grow- ers Association at the annual meet- ing at Wisconsin Rapids, January 13. He succeeds John M. Potter of Port Edv/ards. Elected vice-president was A. E. Bark of Wisconsin Riapids, suc- ceeding Nash. Prof. George Kling- biel of the College of Agriculture, University of Wisconsin was re- elected secretary- treasurer. The new directors are Newell Jasperson, Wisconsin Rapids; Mar- vin Hewitt, City Point and Ralph Sampson of Three Lakes. Extensive promotional efforts of the Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, coupled with industry advertising and promotion were responsible for an 8 percent gain in the sale of fresh fnait over the 1958 the best previous year, ac- cording to Marion Schwier, Madi- son, of the state department of agriculture. Sales of canned cran- beri-ies perhaps still suffering un- der the stigma of the 1959 cran- berry scare, were under 1958 by 35 to 40 percent. A comprehensive repor-t of Sec. Treas. Klingbiel included the fact that $3,000 had been obtained by a voluntary barrel assesment against the crop had been raised. This is to be used in an associa- tion-sponsored program to labora- tory test residues left in and on cranberries after application of chemicals. Purpose of the investi- gation is to determine safe levels of pesticides. A report on the work of Cran- berry Institute was given by Wil- liam Huffman of Wisconsin Rap- ids, Institute director. He told of the efforts of the institute to speed up the final payment of the Gov- ernment indemnity of approximate- ly $10,000,000 to the industry, pro- vided last year after the Govern- ment statements of herbicide resi- dues had practically destroyed the 1959 market. He said a market sui-\^y in Eu- rope, Italy, West Germany, France and Switzerland is underway in cooperation with the USDA to de- ter-mine the potential of cranberry sales in this foreign market. Minimum wage regulations that effect the cranberry industry were described by D. N. Ager of the Wisconsin State Industrial Com- mission. Dr. Malcolm N. Dana and Dr. Don Boone of the University of Wisconsin discussed research on hei'bicides and fungicides. The position of association his- torian was created by the associ- ation and Di\ George Peltier, cran- berry consultant of Wisconsin Rapids was elected to the post. SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES Twelve OCEAN SPRAY (Continued From Page 2) ton on Friday, and 13 in Hanson on Saturday — 90 hours of actual work in six days, not counting the travel time between the various places. By Saturday afternoon everything was in readiness for the closing. The necessary corp- orate meetings had been held. Voluminous documents, agree- ments, conveyances, indemnities, certificates and other papers had been prepared and signed and were in piles on the table. I reminded the group that everything up to that time had been tentative and conditional on simultaneous com- rpletion of all the essential trans- actions, but that when the hammer fell all of the papers would be deemed delivered and become legally effective and binding. I asked if they were all ready. Then occurred the second episode to which I refferred a moment ago. Under the terms of the basic agreement, each of the parties was to transfer to the new Association its canneries and everything else it had pertaining to the processing of cranberries and marketing of cranberry products, including equipment, inventory, supplies, good will, trade-marks and labels — of which "Ocean Spray" was the most important. Mr. Make- peace inquired whether the nam^; of Mr. Urann's Ocean Spray Pre- serving Company had been changed, as agreed, to make the sale of the Ocean Spray name and trade-mark fully effective. Mr. Urann replied that it had not, but it would be done. Mr. Makepeace asked, "When?" Mr. Urann replied, "Sometime soon." Mr. Makepeace was thoroughly annoyed. He stated that he would not now go through with the deal, and demanded to have all of his papers back. I told him I could not give him papers which he had signed where they were also signed by others, that unless they could be delivered so as to become effec- tive, I would have to destroy them. It was a tense moment in which the fate of the entire plan seemed to hang by a thread. The tension under which all of us had been working all week and the fact that the weather was hot and nerves were on edge did not help. We took a recess and the three groups went into separate rooms. In a pattern now quite familiar in labor negotiations but then entirely new to me, I went from room to room exploring possible solutions. Uutimately it was agreed that I should personally have the custody of all the documents and securities and hold them in escrow on the understanding that if satis- fied that the corporate name had been changed as stipulated, within a specified period, I would declare the closing consummated, delivei' the executed papers, record the deeds, and notify all parties. Late that Saturday night, with a tired body, a befuddled brain and a sad heart, I took the papers to my home in Wellesley, Where I kept them until the following Thursday, August 14, 1930, exactly 30 years ago last Sunday, when I was able to send the following telegram to all parties: "OCEAN SPRAY NAME CHANGE COMPLETED PAPERS ACCORDINGLY DELIVERED FROM ESCROW.' In response, I received a letter from the lawyer representing the New Jersey group, the first para- graph of which read: "Your telegram received. My congratulations to you for having put life in the new corporation which for a time looked as though it would be a stillbirth." While I appreciated the compli- ment, I was not exultant. The new- born corporation might have started breathing, but I frankly felt that its chances of surviving the first year were slim. But strange and incredible things can happen in the cranberry 'business. The first regular meet- ing of the board of directors was held ten days later on August 25. All of the directors were present: John J. Beaton, Zebina H. Jenkins, Victor A. Friend, Carl B. Urann, Marcus L. Urann and Irving C. Hammond for the Urann group; Joseph W. Whifccomb, William F. Makepeace and John C. Makepeace for the Makepeace group; and Isaac Harrison, Franklin S. Cham- bers and Mrs. Elizabeth F. Lee for the New Jersey group. The smoke of battle had cleared away and there was work to be done. The first vote passed was significant, the approval of an advertising pro- gram involving an expenditure of "from 185,000 to |100,000." The meeting then accepted the offers of two individuals to subscribe for stock and passed the necessary votes for opening bank accounts, employing personnel, etc. The Association was in business, with a total capitalization of $1,120,525, and with four plants: Hanson and Onset from the Urann company, Wareham from the Makepeace company, and New Eigypt, N. J. from Growers Cranberry Co. But its only members were these three participants and it had a long way to go to establish it's place in the industry, win the confidence of the growers gen- erally, and become a true cooper- ative. Up to that time the traditional way of marketing cranberries was as fresh fruit. Canning was re- garded by many growers with dis- taste and suspicion. They doubted' its value to the industry and re- garded it at best as a way of sal- vaging surplus and floats. Some growers even got quite emotional about it and said they would rather have their berries rot than go in cans. The vast majority were unwilling to deliver sound berries for processing if there was any fresh market for them. The sponsors of canning recog- nized that in order to build a market for cranberry products, a way must be found to have a supply available all around the calendar, year in and year out. One of the principal objections of the cooperative was to assure such a supply. In order to provide a way that would be acceptable to enough growers, the original marketing agreement required the member to deliver and the Association to ac- cept only 10% of his crop (the percentage generally assumed to be unsuitable for the fresh mar- ket anyhow), and it gave him the privilege of offering additional berries on specified conditions to the extent the Association had need for them. There were long and detailed provisions covering Thirt»«w the specifications of acceptable berries, the information to be fur- nished by the grower, and the method of accounting. The grower agreed not to sell any of his remaining berries to a competing canner or to any person for the purpose of canning, and the Association agreed so not to take berries from anyone other than its members so long as they offered enough to meet its require- ments. Note particularly that the orig- inal members were also members of the American Cranberry Ex- change (generally referred to merely as "the Exchange"), and it was anticipated that they would continue to market fresh berries through that channel. There was in theory, and at the beginning also in practice, no conflict between the two marketing agencies. In fact, canning was designed pri- marily to support the fresh fruit market. Notwithstanding the precau- tions we had taken to remove anti- trust problems, our period of grace was short. Under date of October 1, 1930, I received a letter from Arthur M. Hyde, Secretary of Agriculture, advising that infor- mation had come to that Depart- ment to the effect that organiza- tion of our cooperative had been perfected and apparently as a re- sult the price of canned cranberries had advanced considerably over that of the previous year; also that a serious question had arisen as to whether we were subject to his jurisdiction and entitled to the benefits of the Capper- Volstead Act since several of our members were corporations; and finally that he was referring the question of jurisdiction to the Attorney Gen- eral for an opinion before directing an investigation. The final sentence of his letter was almost ironic: "In view of my previous letter to you it has occurred to me that I should advise you of the situation." Three days later I received a letter from the head of the Anti- trust Division of the Department of justice advising that he had received a complaint under the Sherman Act alleging undue price enhancement on cranberry pro- duets as a result of the organiza- tion of the cooperative, and invit- ing me to furnish any additional facts or statements Which I cared to submit. In response to these letters, and making full use of the opinion letter we had previously procured from the Department of Agriculture and other material collected for our preliminary dis- cussions with the Department of Justice, we prepared and submitted to the Attorney General, with copies to the Antitrust Division and to the Secretary of Agricul- ture, a memorandum supporting our contention that corporations could be members of a Capper- Volstead Act cooperative and that our Association was legally ami validly organized under that Act. At the same time we submitted information designed to disprove the allegation that there had been any undue enhancement of prices. Apparently we hit the mark be- cause after some further informal discussion the matter was drop- ped by both departments, but r.gain only informally and without i?:iving us a clean-cut ruling or . inal determination. The next decade, the 30's, was a period of adjustment, growth and development. We had inaugurated a great exiperiment, much of the detail of which had to be filled in as we went along. We were feel- ing our way and adjusting to con- ditions on the basis of the exper- ience we were getting, develop- ing appropriate accounting proce- dures, evolving a dividend policy, establishing and defending our tracle-niarks, expanding services for members, and generally grow- ing up. summer. Precipitation totalled 44.19 inches, 1.03 inch more than normal, and the temperature averaged 52.8°, Which is 1.5' cooler than nor- mal. FRESH FROM THE FIELDS (CONTINUED From Page 6) less than two sno\\^alls Which totalled only three inches and which gave a snow coverage of l^-^ inch for only 4i/4 days. 1960 Cooler, Wetter A summary of the 1960 weather shows that the past year was some- what cooler and slightly wetter than normal. The most unusual features were the record break- ing: cold March with spring coming more than two weeks late, the very cold December, the mild January and February, and the very cooi WASHINGTON Advisory Board Meets The Advdsory Board to the Coastal Washington Exjperiment Station met last month and dis- cussed a number of topics of the day. The committee consists of, from Grayland; Clare Read, Ero Erick- son, Ralph Williams, David Pryde, Cecil R. Richards, John R. O'Ha- gan, R. J. Bailey, Martin Paulson: From Long Beaoh, Dr. J. Harold Clarke, Norman Brateng, Leonard C. Morris and Ralph Yidrick. The board asked numerous ques- tions concerning the budget for the next biennium. A budget com- mittee was appointed with O'Hagen as ohaii-man and the other Gray- land members, are Robert Quinby and Bailey (alternate) and from Long Beach; Morris. This committee is to work with the Experiment Station personnel to advise on budget problems and other matters. The committee is also to work as contact between the Washington Legislature and the cranberry growers. Tne research projects were re- viewed and a number one priority was again given to weed control in order that all possible speed be used in finding and clearing herbi- cides for use on cranbeny bogs. (At the present time sulfate and petroleum products are the only herbicides which are cleared for use in Washington State.) ISecond priority v.-as given to a study of diseases of cranberries. Dr. Folke Johnson of Western Washington Experiment Station is >tlhe main leader on this project. A" Ihe present time he i? devoting his main emichasis on storage pro- iblems. A request was made by the board that more emphasis and study be placed on f.ming of fungicides for "tAvig blight"' con- trol. Frost Control Study Third priority was given fo- a study of the control of fi'ost in- jury. This is a new project. After i 'Continued On Page 16) (5dJt^y_aLs ISLUE OF JANUARY 1961 VOL 25 - NO. 9 xHi- >R0«W-WMOW/*«,^ Certainly the industry, with great help from the U. S. D. A. has made great strides in achieving a comeback from the rock bottom of a year ago at this time. That statement with the thanks to those who as- sisted us can stand alone. Yet, there must be some buts. We are not out of the woods. There is the record 1960 crop and there is bound to be carry- over to plague us. We feel that everyone within the industry (and with miuch outside help, especially from the USDA) made very substantial progress on the comeback trail. Especially was the job of Ocean Spray which handles about 80 percent of the crop a difficult one. It was attacked with vigor and an effective advertising cam- paign. But Ocean Spray this year had an estimated 1,025,000 barrels to handle. It was not so long ago that a million barrels of cranberries was a thing not in existence. Now the big co-op alone is asked to dis- pose of more than that amount. The sale of fresh cranberries was especially encouraging. It started rather slowly but gained momentum as the season advanced. Ocean Spray and others were forced to cut the price from the opening of $4.25 a quarter to $3.50. It was encouraging that the public accepted the 1960 crop as a fresh or "new" crop and not be moved. Sales of processed berries were a rather different story. All report sales of processed fruit was not up to 1958, al- though not as far behind as last year. It appears obvious to leaders in the industry that Government help again with the 1960 crop is desirable. Although public confidence has been restored to a remark- able degree, it is estimated that it will take more than a single year for the cranberry industry to fully recover from the great "cranberry scare" of 1959. There has been talk of a marketing agreement, as being necessary to relieve the 1960 surplus which will not be disposed of before the 1961 crop is in. If such a thing comes about it would presumably be handled through the Cranberry Institute, the only organization which can speak for the entire industry. The very decisive work of the Institute in the fight to obtain the Government mdenmity and its efforts to help the industry get back on its feet, dur- OLARENCE J. HALL Editor and Publisher EDITH S. HALL— Associate Editor Wareham, Massachusetts SUBSCRIPTIONS, $3.50 Per Year, FOREIGN, $4.50 CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin LEO A. SORENSON Cranberry Consultant Wisconsin Rapids Wisconsin Washington Dr. CHARLES C. DOUGHTY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. Oregon GRANT SCOTT Coquille, Ore. Massachusetts Dr. CHESTER E. GROSS Director Mass. Cranberry Experimtnt Station East Wareham, Mass. EDWARD K. KNAPP Barnstable County Agricultural Ag«»t OSCAR S. JOHNSON Barnstable, Ma««. New Jersey P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Statiea Pemberton, New Jersey ing the crisis are not forgotten. And neither should the Institute be at this time. Although you will not be reading this until long after New Year's Day, we do not feel it is too late to wish all of you a happier and more prosperous 1961. Grow a quality crop for 1961. We feel confident the industry is well on the road back. Fifteen SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS (Continued From Page 14) the experience last spring of the bad freeze, Station Superintendent Dr. Charles C. Diug-hty and others at the Station feel there is a real need for this particular project. This will be developed in co- operation with the Department of Agricultural Ohemisxry at Wash- ington State University. Fourth priority was given to fertilizer and nutrirtion studies for New Indian Trail Quality Sauce Strained Cranberry Whole Cranberry Sauce in Syrup Cranberry Juice Cocktail Plus our regular line pufioH J/tOU FROZEM FtBSH the past year, this particular pr'o- ject having" been confined to a nutriculture study in the green- house. Approval for this was given by the board to continue and find conclusions on field plots. A isiuggestion was made that the Station breeding ipirogram be on a limited basis. A request was also made by the board that residue analysis equipment and personnel be made available by the Univer- sity for a more rapid analysis. Other minor work given by the board was a preliminary study on the propagation of Rhododren- druns. Mr. Tidrick was re-elected as chaii-man for the coming year. December Typical Month Typical coast weather for De- ceniber was experienced. There were 15 days without measurable precipitation and then two days with over an inch in 24 hours; the 11th with 1.50 inches and the 18th with 1.68 inches for a month's total of 8.03. High temperature for the month was the 23rd with 58° F. Relative humidity ranged from 100 percent high to 15 percent low with dehydrating East winds account- ing for the lows. WISCONSIN HEADQUARTERS FOR INSECTICIDES - FUNGICIDES HERBICIDES DUSTS - WETTABLE POWDERS - EMULSIONS Parathion — Malafhion Ferbam — Dowpon Liquid and Granular Weed and Brush Killers Hopkins Agricultural Chemical Co. P.O. BOX 584 MADISON, WIS. Phone Alpine 7-1019 HUME PRODUCTS CORPORATION Designers and manufacturers of machinery for the cranberry industry • DEGRASSERS • DRYERS • CONVEYORS WHOLE CRANBERRIES SERVICES AVAILABLE TO WISCONSIN GROWERS: Steel stock from our warehouse Engineering services Complete machine shop service ism INDIAN TRAIL INC. P. O. Box 710 Wisconsin Rapids, Wis. For information, write: HUME PRODUCTS COR Eagle River, Wisconsin ORATION SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS FOR SALE SEARLES JUMBO HOWES, McFARLIN Vines for delivery in 1961 $125.00 Ton F.O.B. INTERESTED IN PURCHASING WISCONSIN CRANBERRY PROPERTIES ^f ^i * >Hl Jii :ti ;lf: -^ Hf if Vernon Goldsworthy B.S. & M.S. University of Wisconsin Cranberry Consultant Fees Reasonable EAGLE RIVER WISCONSIN DANA MACHINE & SUPPLY Co. Wis. Rapids Wis. MFSS. of: SPRAY BOOMS GRASS CLIPPERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS Getsinger Retracto tooth pickers Dryers DISTR. of: VEE BELTS & PULLEYS ROLLER CHAINS SPROCKETS & BEARINGS CONVEYOR BELTING STEEL Your Foreman Deserves A Subscription to Cranberries; too OUR PRODUCTS Strained Cranberry Sauce Whole Cranberry Sauce Cransweets Diced Cransweets Cranberry Apple Sauce Spiced Cranberries Cranberry Chilli Sauce Cranberry Bar-B-Q Sauce Cranberry Orange Relish Cranberry Vinegar Cranberry-Strawberry Preserves Cranberry Juice Cranberry -Cherry Preserves Cranberry-Pineapple Preserves Cranberry-Raspberry Preserves Cranberry-Rhubarb Preserves Cranberry-Gooseberry Preserves Cran-Beri Cran-Vari Cran-Puri Cranberry Puree Cran-Bake Sliced and Whole Maraschino Cranberries Consumer Size & Bulk Fresh Cranberries Cranberry Products, Inc. EAGLE RIVER, V^ISCONSIN V>>1iiSl^^M*a,-iiS«««^-«&i^S^'^^V*,;-.0/^ ." ,4^>'.^,f^S,> :;^s^:^mi^M;mmiL YOU ARE READING THIS AD '. OTHERS i WILL READ YOURS IN CRANBERRIES Magazine \ ^v .'^'°> *:.^^ \o< ..\»' > ^^ ■>^ ^: # YOUR BUSINESS GR WHEN YOU Gl AND m I THRO OCEAN SPRAY CRANBERRIES, INC. Missing: V.25. no. 10. Feb.1961 ^ING A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY ^f;^\Q\(tA-^^''^^^^^^f^ASAZlN£ APE COD lEW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON CANADA I J. ROGERS BRICK, Stalwart of Jersey Cranberry Industry. (CRANBERi^IES "J 35 Cents DIRECTORY For CRANBERRY GROWERS Wcrcester Paper Box Corporation CRANBERRIES 1 The i iCHARLES W. HARRIS! MEDFORD, MASS. MAGAZINE 1 Company | Td. MYstic 8-5305 . . Is . . . 1 26 Somerset Ave i 1 North Dighton, Mass. | Manufacturers of The SOLE Publication 1 AMES 1 1 Irrigation Systems 1 Folding Cartons Of The 1 Sprinklers | and industry Accepting a Weed killers g i Insecticides = 1 Fungicides B Displays ADVERTISING g from g m Cal. Spray Chemical Company g B Dupont Company B « m WATER WHITE ! KEROSENE EQUIPMENT Wareham Savings For use on Cranberry Bogs Bank HAYDEN Also STODDARD SOLVENT WAREHAM and FALMOUTH - SEPARATOR - Prompt Delivery Service Savings Accounts WAREHAM, MASS. Franconia Coal Co. Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent Irrigation Systems PUMPS — Inc. — Wareham, Mass, Tel. CY 5-0039 Phone CYpress 5-3800 Kimball 8-3000 SEPARATORS - BLOWERS SCREENHOUSE EQUIPMENT DARLINGTON PICKING MACHINES The National Be mk of Wareham Extensive Experience in Conveniently locatec i for Cranberry Men ELECTRICAL WORK ALFRED PAPPI Pumps Means SatisfaetiM Funds always avail able for sound loans WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. CY 5-2000 SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES Complete Ba nking Service Member Federal De poeit Iniurance Corp institute To Ask For Further l^d In 1960 Crop ' President Orrin G. Colley of the Cramberry Institute and Marcus VI, UT"ann, secretary-treasurer said ;he Institute was forced to go pack to the Federal Government Ifor more money with the 1960 prop. These statements were made at a joint meeting of the Upper (and Lower Cape Cod clubs at 'Barnstable February 9 and at a meeting of the South Shore club, Kingston, February 14th evening, and afternoon at Southeastern Massachusetts club at Rochester Grange February 15. There was high attendance at all meetings. It was pointed out that between 200,000 and possibly 400,000 bar- rels would prove surplus from the 1960 crop which could not be sold through normal channels of com- merce. The speakers said the Gov- ernment was told last year that the industry did not feel the ef- fects of the testimony of Arthur S. Fiemming, then secretary of health, education and welfare re- garding contamination of some FARMERS PRODUCTION CREDST ASSOCIATION FEDERAL LAND BANK ASSOCIATION 1 TAUNTON , MASS Box 7 Office Rt. 44 Raynham WARREN R. ARNOLD Manager CRANBERRY PICKING BOXES Shooks, or Nailed Let me repair your broken boxes — or repair them yourself. Stock Always on Hand F. H. COLE Tel. Union 6-3330 North Carver, Mass. cranberries through the use of amino triazole would be dispelled in a single year. "We told them this might last two or three years, and we would need additional as- sistance." This hais proven to be true. It was explained these funds did not come from taxation but from a special F. A. S. program which utilized 30 percent of im- port duties to aid distressed agri- culture. The work of the Institute in Washington was explained. It was pointed out that Europe is prosperous and that "21,000,000 people there are making good money and have it to spend." The sale of 500,000 tons of chicken in Europe was pointed out and it was said cranberries might well be eaten along with this huge quantity of chicken. It was pointed out the Institute did not like government control in any form, but that a marketing agreement seems necessary to get out of the present dilemma. It was explained this wass a marketinig agreement which was being con- sidered and not a marketing order. In the case of a marketing order the government has supervision and in the case of a marketing agreement which is voluntary, the industry regulates its own pro- gram. It was pointed out a mar- keting order could probably not be obtained, any way as this would be opposed by the strong Canners Association of which Ocean Spray and other processors of craniber- ries are members. It was recalled this opposition developed a few years ago when the thought of a marketing order was being con- sidered. Speakers pointed out the won- derful help to the industry which had been provided b/ the United States Department of Agriculture, also the National Grange, the Farm Bureau, National Associa- tion of Food Chains, National As- sociation of Farmers' Cooperative, United Fresh Fruit Cooperative, and from many members of the Congress. This aid was continu- ing to be sought by the Institute. Also pointed out were purchases of cranberries by the Quarter- masters General Office and by the U. S. Navy. Bulk Handling — Olsson "Bulk Handling, a progress re- port was the subject of President George C. P. Olsson, of Ocean Spray. For several years now that cooperative has ibeon experiment- ing with bulk handling as a means of increasing the speed and effici- ency and reducing the cost of handling cranberries. He said these experiments began in 1964 and are continuing. He said the hand- ling of cranberries in harvest boxes A Good Flume Is Your Insurance For A Good Crop USE ALL HEART REDWOOD We have a good stock of All Heart Timbers 6x8 — 6x6 — 4x6 — 4x4 Planking - Square Edged or Matched 2x6 — 2x8 — 2x10 — 2x12 LET US ESTIMATE YOUR FLUME AND BUILDING NEEDS E. W. Goodhue Lumber Co., Inc. MIDDLEBORO ROAD EAST FREETOWN, MASS Phones Rockwell 3-8811 — Middleboro 1275 is now outmoded. He said cran- berries would have to be handled in this manner in the future if cranberries are to stay in com- petion with other fresh fruits and vegetables. Mr. Olsson also touched on the "amazing" job the USDA did in publicizing cranberries for the 1960 season. He said this consti- tuted the biggest job of this na- ture over done by that department. He also touched on Quick Freeze of cranberries, hoping there might be a future in this form. He said Ocean Spray research is constant- ly at work on the problem of find- ing new outlets. Beattie and Demoranville Cranberry Specialist J. Richard Beattie and Irving Demoranville of the Cranberry Experiment Sta- tion told of fresh fruit studies. "There will have to be an incen- tive for quality fresh fruit," Beat- tie said. He added the growers had made considerable progress in this respect in the past few years, but there should be an incentive offered by the distributors to those who produce fruit of a higher quality. The importance of the use of fungicides in promoting quality was stressed. Beatie told of the growith in use of Pungicideis. He said in 1946 only 56 acres had been so treated but this amount had increased to 3,000 acres in 1958, which was nearly a quarter of the Massachusetts acreage. He said 1200 acres and perhaps more were so treated last year, which was favorable in view of the market- ing situation. He said more balanced fertilizer was being used and that there was less damage to fruit in the spring from not holding over frost floods. Demoranville, with charts, show- ed how the use of fungicides had increased shelf life of usuable cranberries. But he said even more important was the effect on field rots which studies showed had been cut in half by the use of proper fungicides. He said a little weight seemed to be added by the use of fungi- cides, and they also had a slightly higher cup count. However, he said Two berries treated with fungicides ap- peared to have a slightly duller casit of color. "We were very happy with the fresh fruit quality this past year," he added. "It very important that we get gci quality fresh fruit berries agj, (Continued on Page 11) Brewer & Lord INSURANCE 40 Broad Street, Boston, Mass. ARTHUR K. POPE CONVERSE HILL WILLIAM B. PLUMER ROBERT A. SULLIVAN EDWARD H. LEARNARD HORACE H. SOULE CHARLES M. CUTLER EBEN A. THACHER HERBERT R. LANE VINCENT M. WILSON JOHN B. CECILL, JR. Serving the People of New England Since 1859 GOVERNMENT MONEY The following excenpits from the Plymoutth County 1961 AgTicultui'al Consei-vation Program Handbook as amended tell wibat Federal help you can get on prefabricated flumes. "Practice No. F-l(C) Rearganizing cranbt'rry bog water management systems to conserve water and prevent erosion. "The practice' must be carried out in accordance with a reorganization plan approved by the responsible technician. *** The Soil Conservation Service is responsible' for (1) a finding that the practice is needed and practicable on the farm, (2) nt'cesi^ary site selection, other preliminary work, and layout work of the practice, (3) necessary supervision of the in- stallation, and (4) certification of performance for all require- ments of the' practice. *** "Eligible measures : Cost sharing will be allowed for earthwork, materials and protective measures that are a necessary part of cranberry bog dikes, flumes, canals, and ditches that are' used primarily to conduct water to the bog prea, regulate wattr on he bog area, or return used water from a bog yrea to storage reservoir for subsequent re-use.*** MAXIMUM FEDERAL COST SHARE "50% of the otual cost of approved measures not to exceed: $8.00 per inch of outlet diamete'r for prefabricated flumes." To Itake advantage of this, first iof all get in touoh witth your County C'oanmlilttee. For Plymouitlh County, this is at the Brockton Court House. W^hen you are all signed ujp, and your praotice ap- proved, for your prefabricated flume, see RUSSELL A. TRUFANT HYDRAULIC CONSULTANT PREFABRICATED FLUMES BOG RAILROADS MlOU 6-3696 North Carver, Mass. Mass. Cranberry Station and Field Notes by J. RICHARD BEATTIE Extension Cranberry Specialist Frost Warning Service The spiring firoist seasoin wiiU soon be here and wiHtih it cemes tihe task of coimipletdnjg the arrangemeoKts for the telephone frost wairning service. This service v/iill again ba spoms'ored iby the Cape Cod Cran- berry Groiwers A&socdation. Frost apipiication formis ha"/e been mailed to growers who have ujsed tihe serv- ice during the last several years. We would appreciate having the applications reitmTned by April 3. If there are other growers w^ho would like to suibscribe, please con- taot Mrs. Ruth Beaton, 67 Jeffer- son Shores Road, Buzzards Bay, oa* the writer. Tlhere will be no change in assessiments this year even thouiglh there has been a smia/11 de- flioit in the firost account over tihe last two seasons. The situation could easily be corrected if we had about 25 new subscribers. At a recent meetm';^, the directors of the asisociation uvged that all g-rowers who value the frost warn- ing senviice make every effoirt to isign up a new member in order to keeipi assesisments at their pre- sent levelis. They also voted to sponsoT a new frost service this ispring. The new service will not in any way affect the present telephone and radio froisit seTvice, but will provide growers wiith tatme- ly information sudh ais the miriii- mum bog temiperature, tolerance of buds, wind and cloud inforima- tion on those nights when no gen- eral warning is released. Telephone Answering Service This infoirm'altian will be avail- able daily througih the medium of a Iteleiphone answerinij serVice at Ithe Cranbe^rry Experiment Sta^ itdon. There are many niights in the spring and fall when such in- formfation would be useful to grow- ers whose bogs are located in colder areas. This telephone an- sw€Tiing service would enable growers to pihone a designated number at the Station in tihe aflter- noon and evening and obtain the desired inifoirmiation. The phone r'umber will be announced by mid- April. We believe this system will serve a very useful purpose. Ques- tions invodveid should be directed to the writer. Control Charts The 1961 Cranberry, Insect, Disease and Weed Control Charts have been printed and mailed to growers througih the county agent's office. Exltra copies are available at tihe county extension offices or at the Cranberry Experiment Sta- tion. The major revisions and items for study in the new Cranberry In- sectt and Disease Conltirol Chart were outlined in a circular letter w'hich aocompanded the charts and are as follows: Growers are urged to review tihe Notes found at tihe top of tihe cihart. Thdis imipor*tiant section was irevised and includes two new notes — 5. fungicides and color, and 9. minimum time from last applica- cation to harvest. Study tihe sum- miary of flooding practices, sug- gestions on concentrates, use of the insect net, and tihe grub con- trol table. Tne first major change in tihe Wody of the chart oame under the iseotion entitled Dormant to De- layed Dormant. Tipworm was (added to the lilsit of pests oonStrolied v.;tih Dieldrin or Aldrin. Under New Growth stage, fire- worms as listed on tihe new dhiart includes black-(headed and yellow- headed fireworm. Cutworms inckidfe failse armywormis and Mossom wiomis. In tihe Half-inch Growth to Hook Stage, flowable Parathion applied by air-craft was added as a itreat- imenit that will control girdler mil- lers and tipworm. Under tihe 5% Bloom sedtiion, maneb and phaltan were added as fungicides that give good conitrol of fruit rots. Notes 4 and 5 shouM be carefully s^tudied. For Mid-bloom, maneb was add- ed as a fungicide tibat corttrolci fruit rots. Under Late- bloom, Diazinon wais added as an insecticide that con- trols cranberry fruitworms and Sparganothis fruitworms. In view cf costs and suii'table altemiativc iTeatmenlts, rotenone was omitted as a control measoire for fruit wormis. Growers are strongly urged to read and observe the red warning found at the boittom of tihe chart The 1961 Cranberry Weed Con- trol Chart receiived its share of at- itention. The principal change is itihe inclusion again of iron sulfate which w;as ndt cleared last year in time to be included in tihe 1960 ch;art. The success of the recom- Touraine Paints Hardware SANDVIK SCYTHES (ALSO CALLED FINNISH SCYTHES) CARVER SUPPLY CO. UNION 6-4480 Carver, Mass. mendaitii'ons depends on a thorougli undersltanding of the impoi^tant notets found art tihe top of the obart. Two new notes were included — 10. Iron sulfate and 11. Spot treat- ment. Directly under the notes are 'two impoi-tant Cautions wihic'i should be carefully observed. Under the April to Mid-May sec- tion, Spike rush was added to the list of weed:s controlled with No. 2 fuel oil and kerosene. Iron sulfate is reoommended for the control of haircap and Sphagnum mosses. Ammonium sulfate is also lisited •as a control for haircap moss. Mid-May and June, needle grass, pitchforks, and spurj , tear-thumb and asters were addod to the chart With Iron sulfate as the recom- mended treatment. Western Pickers Parts and Repairs Agent for 1960 Model ORDER NOW J. L BRALEY & SON MACHINE SHOP 78 Gibba Are. Wareham, Mas^. HAVE YOUR REPAIRS DONE NOW Under the section June through August, ferns, March St. John's wort and cinquefoil were added to 'the chart with Iron sulfate as the treatment. In Early to Mid-August, nut- r»-rass was added wilth Copper sulfate as the sugigesed treatment. Pitchforks, wild beans, loosestrife, ragweed and firevveed were added with salt as a treatment to burn off the foliage. Pia;n;s did not call for a revdision of the Fertilizer Chart. However, tiheire is a limited niumiber of the lasit edition available at county agents' oflfices and at the Gran- beiiry Experimenit Statiton for '.ihose vvho may he.ve miisplaced Jheir copy. The key to tihe suc- cssis of thiis chart is a thorough un- derstanding of the introductory .statement amd the general notes. It is suggesited that growers give more attemtion to Table 1 in view of last fall's record crop and aipiply I'er'tilizeirs in relation to the crop harvesited. The possibility of bien- nilal bearing could be reduced itlhrough proper use of fertilizer. Finailly, growers are encouraged to iselt out test ploits to determine the most eoonomi'cal amount of fertili- zer to use on bogs. Table 2, next to the last oolumn, has some sug- C. & L. EQUIPMENT CO. 191 LEONARD STREET ACUSHNET, MASS. Cranberry Bog Service PRUNING FERTILIZING RAKING WEED TRIMMIMC Machinery Sales PRUNERS POWER WHEELBARROWS RAKES WEED TRIMMERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS - Large I Sma« For Further Information CaH . . . F. P. CRANDON H. C. LEONARD Rackwell 3-5526 Wyman 5-3521 C. J. TRVP Wyman 5-2013 gesitions on this point. C. C. G. A. Meeting April 11 The Cape Cod Cranberry Grow ers Association has scheduled spri^ng meeting for Tuesday eve ning April 11, at the Warehar Town Hall, beginning at 7:30 p.n The program will include represei tatives from the U. S. D. A. ari< the Cranberry Institute. Grower wil Ihave an opportunity to hea a first-hand report en the adver tiding and promotional work carrie out by the U. S. D. A. last yeaj 'and their plans for assistance thi: year. Representatives from th< Cranberi-y Institute will report oi the latest developments in theii bid for gevornmental assistance President Gilbert Beaton extendi a cordial invitation tr. all grower) and their friends to attend this im portant meeting. Refreshments wil be served, the courtesy of th: Cape Cod Cranberry Growers As sociation. Flemming Heads Oregon University Arthur S. Flemming, who wa secretary of health, education ani vv^elfare under President Eisen bower, and whose statements re garding contaminated cranben-ie on November 9, 1959, touched o the great cranberry "scare," ha been named president of the Uni versity of Oregon. He was appoint ed by the Oregon State Board o Higher education and accepted th post. Mr. Flemming's appointmen was opposed by Oregon cranberry growers and by the Oregon Farn Bureau, but he was named and ac cepted over this opposition. OSCAR S. JOHNSON WRITES HOLLY BOOKLET Bai-nstable County (Mass.) Agri cultural Agent Oscar S. Johnson o; the Cape Cod Extension Service i: the author of a new booklet. Thii is called "Growing American Hollj on Cape Cod." In a few pages h( presents the essential points re- lated to the culture of this tre< on the Cape, which grows natural- ly near many ca-anbei-iy bogs. Ht tells of varieties, propagation, transportation, fertilizing, insect pests and diseases. Issue of March 1961 - Vol. 25 No. 11 Publisked raentkly at Th^ Cou Second rier Print Shop, Main St.. Wareham, Class Postaee Paid at Wareham, Massachusetts MaBsachusetts SubBcriptione >a.6« p«r Post Office. yaa -"RESH FROM THE FIELDS Compiled by C J. H. MASSACHUSETTS February began viith an even sero reading at ]\I as sachu setts IJranberry Expemmer;t Station as bhe cranberry area went into its 'l4tlh sitraigWt diay of artic "deep freeze," with temipsratures never 3nce readhing the freezing mark. The second day was even colder with unofficial 14 below zero readings on Wareham thermo- meters. Before the weather mod- erated there were 16 straight dayts ■>f sub-freezing weather, tying the record. Third Severe Snow Feibruary fourth brought the third major snow storm of the season to the ci'aniberiry area. It wras a howling northealster, but was called a "near'' blizzard by the Weather Bureau. Wind velo- city was high enough for a bliz- zard, the snow was certainly am- ple, but temperatures were not low enougih. However, the storm wlhich lasted about 14 hours broupfht the great- est amount of the v/hite stuff to the cranberry area of m-any years Depth was measured on the level at Massachusetts Cranberry Sta- tion, East Wareham .'is 14.4 inches, and it was aplpiallingly higher in drifts. Transportation was slowed or halted entirely and power lines weire out over the Southeastern Massachusetts cranbei'iy area. The v/inter continued to be the toughest within moimory of most people and at the end of the first week the temperatures for -the month were 59 degrees below the normal. However, on the 8th and 9th the weather beg'-an to turn warmer a^s artic winds stopped blowing into New England. A little of the snow cover began to melt. The weather continued to warm until the 21st broke records for high temperatures for that date. With heavy fog the snow cover con- tinued to melt. By the 21st the thermometer readings had changed from minus for the month to plus 3. Month Warmer than Normal Although February came in like the provei-bial March lion it went out like a lamb. F'ollowing the cold stai-t the month ended up with a plus 67 degrees or almost two degrees a day wanner than the normal. Total precipitation ais measured at MasBacihusetts Cranberry Station was 3.38; the average is 3.62 inclhes. Of this 15.1 incihes was snow. Little Feb. Damage Dr. Chester E. Cross, Station Director, said he ijelieved that Feibruary had done little to in- jure crop prospects, provided growers had pulled the water from un:!er the ice as had been recom- mended to prevent oxygen de- ficiency. It is believed most of them had. Others had , vi'nes fro- zen into ice. With a snow anid ice cover all month there was little or no -venter- kill. What budding was dh^ked looked good for the coming crop. Some Ice Sanding In spite of the heavy snow cover there wais a considerable amount of ice sanding. In some ins'tances growers bulldozed off the wihite stuff and spread the sand. NEW JERSEY Feb. Averages Out Normal The first half of February was a continuation of the very severe winter weather experienced in Jan- uary, but by the latter half of the month Nature's law of equaliza- tion had begun to operate. During the first 14 days the temjperature went to beloiv freezing on every day except one, while in the second half it went to below 32°F. on only two days. In the first half of the month the minimum temperatuxe was 11° below zero, while in the latter half it was 20°F. Two days of 70° were recorded on February Tank Truck Service & High - Pressure Spraying WATER WHITE STODDARD KEROSENE SOLVENT m'^. UN 6-4545 COLEMAN HEATING AND AIR CONDITIONING CARVER, MASS. 19 &nd 24 and there were four days in the sixties in the last part of the month. The average temperature was 25.6° for the first half and 45° for the second. Thse average temperatures for the BMmth was 34.7°, which is exactly noimaal for February. iSiniawtfall totaled 5.7 inches, about normal for the month. Pre- cipitation amounted to 3.36 inches, which is .60 more than the normal for February. Water On Again Most cranberry growers had the water off their bogs through the first part of February, but when the thaw came it was put back on. Blueberries Damaged Damage to blueberry fruit buds during the severe January weather is causing concern to many grow- ers. The injury is quite spotty in its distribution but seems to have been very bad in the Upton and Toms River areas, where some varieties have suffered a greater than 90 per cent mortality. The Hamimonton area seems to have gotten by with only slight damage. Pemberton, Berkeley and Earliblue seem to be the most tender varie- ties while Rancocas, Blueray and Weymouth are showing up as the hardiest. WASHINGTON Record Rainfall New I'ecordiS for rainfall were ihung up in the Long Beaclh area of Washington for February. Dmt- ing that month 24.5 incfhes of rain was measured at the Cranberry Station, 21.11 inches was recorded at Cranguyma Farms. The pre- vious record as measured at Cran- guyma bad been in 1954 with SHARON BOX COMPANY, INC. ESTABLISHED 1856 SHARON, MASSACHUSETTS We Will Buy Your White Pine Logs, Either Standing or Cut • Highest Prices Paid • Sawmill located at North Carver, Mass. Stop in at North Carver, or Phone Sharon, Sunset 4-2021 Hold full flavor in your cranberry pack ♦♦..'?♦ CORN PRODUCTS COMPANY Manufacturers of fine products for the food industry . . . and popular Best Foods Division grocery brands for the consumer. 19.09 inches. In Astoria jusrt^ the state line in Oregon wib lecords had been kept for li years, the previous record wt 20.20 inches. Januaiy's rainfall at Cranguyiir; totalled 13.06 inches, which addc to that of February made ov( .'.Tree feet of rainfall in a tw* montlh period. Thing-? were :n very wet coind''Jtion and up to t? end of the first week in ^larc there wtas no let-up. It had raine steadily for more than 33 day. It was still raining, March 10, 4 days. Thus far at CrangujTti there had been 39.12 inches for th year. Cranberry Buds Beginning to Swe Bluberries have been comin; into bloom and oranbei ry buds wer swelling considerably. There wa a very mild winter with few temp eratures down to 25 degrees. Cold est temperature on the bogs sine last November was one time r December when the temperatur was 24 °F. On March 4th the temp erature wernit down to 20 to 22 i; some areas of Lon.T Beach. Th drenching, exessive rains havi caused a number of slides on thi hills along the coast and causec flooding conditions in many of th« rivers. SiJf WISCONSIN Missed Snow Storm Weathei^wise February found Wisconsin missing its thirteenth major storm of the season, which made most people very happy. In alii, the momltih was very much like a lamb averaging almost six de- grees above the normal of 21 degi'ees. It was the warmest Febru- ary since 1954 recorded a 33 de- gree average. High for the month was 51 on the 21st, the low, 6 above on the 5th. Continued be- low noi-mal precipitation for the winter prevailed with the abscence of the snow storms. Most of the state at the end of the month had only received about one third nor- mal snow for the season and the landscape remained barren. As the 1960 growing season was one of the wettest on record, water tables still remained high even with the lack of precipitation. The extended (Continued on Page 14) )!sease Control Experiments m 1960 by; Dr. Bert M. Zuckerman Craniberry Experiment Station , The Massachusetts cranberiy crop of 1960 was the largest in history nd generally of excellent quality. In part this hindered the evaluation f new fungicides, hov/ever other segments of our research program ielded interesting infomnation. The cunent trend in agriculture is to utilize practices which lead ) jjreater production on a given unit of land. This trend, dictated by ionoinic survival, mold-? the changring pattern of cranberry growing, esearch and experience have shown that many of the practices that tad to higher yields advei'.?ely affect the quality of the fruit. The (loreascd use of fertilizer? and the advent of the picking machine lave resulted in a substantial increase in the berries picked on an ere basis. Within a feAv years a limited, but economically significant, oreage of cranberries -ml\ ibe picked under water. New varieties to e introduced in the near future hold the promise of increased pro- action. iSoon we may determine in June, or earlier, the specific use >r a crop harvested from a particular bog. The more strongly tihe rive to produce is heeded, the greater will be the need to introduce leasures aimed at bettering quality. Pew these reasons it is probable analysis of the manner in which liat the use of fungicides on ranlberries in Massachusetts will ',ecome more easily justified and lerefore more prevalent. For many years the affects of ungicides on yields, quality and jther factors have been studied. fhe results of these tests have \een condensed and presented in cumerical form with little or no iterpretation. The grower in turn /as the sole judge as to whether r not the chemical filled a need 1 his program. This is as it should e. However, this year I will pre- ent the information in a form (/■hich I hope will be of greater ielp to the grower in deciding the lelative merits of each chemical. i."'able 1 has been compiled on the jiasis of information gathered in lontrolled tests and commercial ap- )lications. It presents an overall these chemicals perform on cran- berries in Massachusetts. Some of the conclusions such as those con- cerning yields, though arrived at after 5 years of testing, I still consider tentative. Since the information in Table 1 is presented in rather over- simiplified form, it is necessary to explain some of the data in great- er detail. Fungicidal efficiency is rated 1 to 3 (best to poorest). Ferbam and Bordeaux mixture, rated as 3, freguently gave ex- cellent rot control, but in certain instances gave poor control. It is considered that these chemicals performed erratically and the chemicals which were given a rating of 2 consistently performed better. Maneb is the best cran- beriy fungicide, but as noted in the second column, berry coloring Table 1. The relative peiformance of some fungicides on cranberries in Massachusetts. ?"\ingicide Efficiency 1 Effect Effect on coloring on yield Effect Ease of use on bees as concentrate Bordeaux 3 none may reduce yield none never tried ^'erbam 3 highly colored glossy none none poor Maneb 1 may retard coloring none none excellent Phaltan 2 none none none excellent Zineb 2 may retard coloring none none excellent 1. Fungicidal efficiency - 1 best rot control, 3 poorest appeared to be retarded in some cases. This problem appears to be esipecially serious on Howes w^here lots treated with zineb or manelb may contain berries which will not color in storage. On Early Blacks, though there may be some delay in coloring, the berries do color evenly and are considered by som.e to make a lighter colored, more attractive pack for the fresh fruit market. Several years of obser- vation of comparative treated and untreated lots have shown that delay of harvest for 5 days in Early Blacks serves to overcome this problem. In many of our ex- periments no apparent color re- tardation occurred. The present state of knowledge in regard to this pix)blem does not warrant the conclusion that these chemicals should not be used on cranberries, but other chemicals should be used on bogs which must be picked as early as possible. On the other hand, on bogs which can be picked at mid-or late-season the reduc- tion of rot and frost injury asso- ciated with the use of these chemi- cals should favor their use. The reference to ferbam as be- ing poor v/hen used as a concen- trate refers to the fact that it settles out rapidly and clogs the spraying system. Frost Injury It was reported in 1969 that fungicide-treated lots of berries contained less frosted fruit than comparable lots of berries which had not been treated with fungi- cides. In 1960, a series of plots which contained both fungicide- treated and untreated Howes and Early Blacks were intentionally exposed on itwo nights on which frost occurred. On the first night the minimal temiperature was 23° F. and on the second it was 19°F. The results of these tests showed that treated berries incurred less frost damage than untreated ber- ries (Table 2). These differences were very consistent, confinning that the reduction in frost injury was related to the fungicide treat- ments. Fun^cide Trials Mianeb was applied as a con- centrate for the first time in I960. These experiments were designed Seven to test the efficiency of maneb when used in this manner and to discover if the chemical caused plant injury when applied as a concentrate. A ground rig was used to apply the chemical at the rate of 9 lbs. maneb/25-30 gallons water/ acre. In another experiment the chemical was applied by heli- copter at the rate of 9 lbs man- eb/13 gallons water/acre. In each test there were 2 applications 12 days apart. The results of these tests, given in Table 3, indicate that the fungicide performs satis- factorily as a concentrate. The value of the fungicide treatments in these test areas was diminished by the good quality of the untreat- ed fruit in either of these tests. Three fungicides were tested for the first time on cranberries in Massachusetts in 1960. Csrprex 65W at the rate of 3 lbs. /acre/ap- plication/2 applications, and tri- basic copper at 9 Ibs./acre/applica- tion/2 applications, did not effec- tively control cranbei-ry fniit rot. CoCs, a copper compound, gave excellent control. None of the chemicals significantly affected berry size or yield. Of the three materials, CoCs has been selected for further testing. Nematocides For the past three years our program has been concerned with the evaluation of nematocides (chemicals designed to kill nema- todes). This is the first report of the progress of this work. The initial objectives of the ne- matocide program were to find a chemical which when used at a proper dosage level killed nema- todes and did not harm the cran- beriy plant. The results of two experiments which illustrate the successful accomplishment of these objectives are described. In these tests a nematocide, at present known only by the code number EN 18,133, was applied in both the emulsifiable concentrate and granular form at several do- sage levels to two series of field plots. Both series, a total of 45 five foot by five foot plots, were treated April 21. Each plot was analyzed to assay the effect of the nematocide treatment on total yield, berry size and size and com- position of the nematode population in the soil. The emulsifiable coa- centrate, used at the rates of 16 and 32 lbs. actual/acre, significantly reduced yield at the higher dosage level. The granular, used at the rates of 8, 16, and 32 lbs. actual/ acre, did not have a significant effect on yield or berry size. If any increase in yield is associated Table 2. The number of frosted cranberries in lots treated with fungi- cides as compare^ Avith the number of frosted cranberries in untreated lots 1. Variety Maneb Zineb Bordeaux Ferbam Untreated Howes Early Black 9.0** 6.3** 12.9** 14.6* 13.8* 11.9* 14.2* 12.5* 21.9 23.7 1. Each figure represents the average percent frosted fruit in 5 replicates. * Significant at the 5% leT'el over the untreated plots. ** Significant at the 1% level over the untreated plots. Table 3. Keeping quality of Early Black cranberries treated with Maneb applied as a concentrate, State Bog, I960.* Method of Application Field Rot (%) Storage 1 Rot (%)** Total (%) Helicopter 0.6 1.6 2.2 Untreated 4.1 5.7 9.8 Ground Rig 1.0 1.5 2.5 Untreated 2.9 2.4 5.3 * Each treatment ** Held in storage replicated 5 times, for a 6-week period. with the nematocide treatment it will not be apparent imtil the fall, 1961. To detennine the degree of con- trol of the nematodes, soil samples were taken from each plot at 5 sampling dates. Times of sampling varied between 18 and 214 days following treatment. Sampling stopped when it was apparent that the nematode population was build- ing up, indicating that the effect of the treatment was wearing off. It should be stated that 100% con- trol of nematodes is considered unattainable, and that depression of the nematode population for a period of several months is con- sidered effective control. Under: these conditions comimercially sig-i nificant increases in yield have been attained in other crops. The emulsifiable concentrate at the 32 lb. /acre rate significantly reduced the nematode population for approximately 6 months. The 16 lb. rate did not effectively re- duce populations. Since 32 lbs./ acre of EN 18,133 (EC) also re- duced yield, this ti-eatment was not considered to be successful. The reductions in nematode pop- ulation attained through the use of 8, 16, and 32 lbs. of granular EN 18,133 /acre are shown in Ta- ble 4. The chemical was distributed through the soil very slowly, as shown by the large numbers of nematodes still present at the 18- day sampling period. The 32 lb. rate depressed the nematode popu- lation significantly for 176 days. Sampling at 214 days indicated that the nematode population had started to build up. Since this dosage was not harmful to the cranberry, a, satisfactory treat- ment for the evaluation of the effect of nematodes on the cran- berry has been found. SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES MAGAZINE Edght NUMBER OF NEMATODES IN 200 GRAMS OF SOIL •S i to » »i ft rt O 2 =* O St 00 M " S ^ 2. 91 (rt 3 o /. Rogers Brick Is A Stalwart Of New Jersey Industry HAS BEEN IN THE CRANBERRY BUSINESS SINCE 1919, OWNS 50 ACRES AND CONTRIBUTES ABOUT 1200 BBLS. TO TOTAL CROP — ALSO IS IN DAIRY AND SILO BUSINESS. by Clarence J. Hall A stalwart of the New Jeisey cranberry industry is J. Rog-ers Brick of Medford. He has been in the cranberry business since 1919. He con- tributes about 1200 bai-rels v. year to the total Jersey crop from 50 acres set to vines. In all he owns 2,000 acres of land and 25 acres of bluebei-ries. With a long period of history behind him in the cranberry industry he demottstrated his faith in the spring of 1960 — one of the most dis- couraging years in the industry — iby replanting ten acres of bog to Early Blacks. His father-in-law, Harry Knight was a cranberry grower before him. From 1919 during the early 1920's he managed the Knight bogs. After that in 1925 he was in business with the late A. U. €haney and his brother, Chester. This was the West Jersey Cran- berry Land Comipany. He took over the Chaney interests in 1939. He also bought the property of the Cranberry Company of Med- ford. In 1954, soon after he bought this property it was burned over in a bad fire, so he lost all of the pieces of bog with the exception of one. Today he owns 35 acres of bog in Medford and 15 in neighboring Tabernacle. His water supply is from Cranberry Lakes with a 100 acre reservoir. In Tabernacle his supply is from Cold Water Run with a reservoir of 5 acres. Altough he bought bog proper- ties, Mr. Brick never built any from scratch. Many he renovated. His varieties are Champions, five acres, about the same number of Garwood Bells, five of McFar- lins and the rest in Early Blacks. About 12 acres of his bogs which were running out were diverted to blueberries. Although recognizing the value of a sanding program he does not have one as his bogs are in an industrial area and labor for the work can only be obtained at ex- orbitant cost. He picks 90 percent of his crop mechanically — a greater proportion than do many Jersey AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS FERTILIZERS TOOLS R. F. MORSE & SON CRANBERRY HIGHWAY WEST WAREHAM, MASS. CY 5-1553 BOG SERVICE — AGENT FOR WIGGINS AIRWAYS ifrotrerB. H« owns three Western Pickers and rents two at Harvest season. He handles the cranberry rot situation with ground equipment. Semi-Retired Mr. Brick at present is semi- retired from cranberry business, or so he says, but he maintains an active interest. The management is now in the hands of his son, Alvan and his son-in-law, Jack Throop. "They are coming along in this and are beginning to like the cranberry and blueberry business," Mr. Brick says. "Eventually they will have the properties." The Medford property he bought from Herbert S. Bowker. His blue- berries are Weymouths, Jerseys and Junes. Mr. Brick was formerly a direc- tor of the old American Cranberry Exchange, which handled the well- known Eatmor brand of cran- berries. He is now a director and treasurer of Growers Cranberry Company with headquarters at Pemberton, Walter Z. Fort man- ager. He is an independent in his selling of his blueberry crop. Has Faith In the Future "I have faith in the cranberry industry for the future and ex- pect to replant more bogs," Mr. Brick declares, as fast as I am able to adapt them to mechaniza- tion." His bogs, or some of them are built on the bottoms of old stream beds which really curve upwards at the outer edges, as do many of the older bogs of New Jersey. "I don't see how we can plant too much more unless they are levelled enough for picking machines and maintain ditches by mechanical means. I aim to build roads through and around the bogs to facilicitate the dusting, spray- ing and other o-perations, and also the handling of harvesting equip- ment. Provided his bogs can be tailored to handle machinery he hopes he may have one or two men doing the work v^hich 8 or 10 now do. Also In Silo Business Besides being in the cranberry business, since he was 21 he has been in the concrete business. He makes and erects silos anj'Avhere in New Jersey and does other concrete work. Also Dairying He is also in the dairy business, owning a herd of 75 Holsteins, having 200 acres of dairy farm. His milking "parlor" is entirely mechanized so that human hands do not touch his milk at any point. He was bom and raised on a farm in Medford. He now lives in handsome stone property on his Medford bogs which overlooks a bog converted into a lake. He employes 18 or 20 men the year-round who work on his dairy farm and on the bogs as circum- stances arise. Institute To Ask Further Aid (Continued fz'Om Page 2) this season. Dr. John "Stan" Norton spoke on water harvesting research and bulk handling of cranberries, his talk being illustrated with color sKdes. A condensation of his talk follows this. Water Raking And Bulk Handling Of Cranberries by Prof. John S. Norton The water harvesting experi- ment was continued last year. Three small plots were harvested for the second year in continua- tion of the effort to learn whether harvesting in water results in in- creasing production in subsequent years. We cannot base any increase last year exclusively on the method of harvest as you all know. How- ever, there was a marked increase in the difference in yield between wet and dry harvest over the 12 to 15 bbl./A difference experienced the first year. The difference the first year was o'bviously due to harvesting practically all the ber- ries in the area. Some of the in- crease last year may or may not have been due to the fact that the area had been water-picked the year before. There is some conjecture that water-picking may result in greater yields in subse- quent years in conDparison to dry picking, due to a difference in the harshness vdth which the vines are treated. A half-acre section was also picked in water and the ben-ies dried on the drier at the station. These berries were used for shelf life studies. There was very little difference in keeping quality be- tween the water-picked and the dry-picked berries. This area too produced 17 bbl./A more than an adjacent dry-picked area, mostly due to getting all the berries. The drier worked vdth a reason- able degree of success. The berries were put through a chaff blower first, which removed most of the leaves, vines, and fruitworm ber- ries. Then they were dried with air heated to about 70°F. There was no appreciable wetting of the ber- ries after drying, as had been ex- perienced before. Fan Cooled In Wisconsin In Wisconsin, most driers are equipped \dth cooling fans. They have found that there is less ten- dency for the berries to "sweat" if they cool them after drying. The station drier is not now equip- ped with a cooling fan but one will be installed before next fall. Bulk Handling Eventual? The CranbeiTy Station devoted some effort to dry-hainresting in bulk last fall. It seems reasonable to believe that ultimately we will be harvesting directly into bulk containers of five barrels or more capacity, either in water or dry, or both. For some time station personnel have been considering some of the possibilities and prob^ lems in connection with dry-pick- ing into bulk containers. So when it developed last spring that Ocean Spray was interested in bulk hand- ling, it was decided to go forward with the field work. A wheeling- off rig was constructed which can operate at picking machine speeds or up to 4 miles an 'hour. A con- veyor was built for use with the Getsinger machine. The side de- livery was not very satisfactory so a rear delivery will be tried this fall. (Editor's Note: — "Stan" Norton in early October last year made a special trip to Wisconsin to ob- serve water raking in that state. He toured the Wisconsin Rapids area, then took a swing north to the Spooner area, then to Eagle River and back to the Rapids via Copper River and the DuBay bog. He found the growers very friendly and co-operative, he reports.) CRANBERRIES PROVIDES A NEEDED MEDIUM OF INFORMATION ALL FOR GROWERS Now AGRICO' GRANULAR the same extra crop-feeding efficiency plus these advantages ♦ % AGRICO granular fertilizer drills easier . . . stays free-flowing without bridging . . . meets today's needs for fast, accurate drilling and spreading. AGRICO granular will not cake in storage . . . you can take early delivery, before the rush, and have your fertilizer on hand when you need It. Call or Write Today ! ! im kmimtm agricultural company No. Weymouth 9, Mass. — EDgewater 5-2640 or Walter B. Moseley, P.O. Box 456, Marion, Mass Eleven Institute Asks USD A For Indemnity On Crop Of 1960 This Would not Involve Dumping but Provision of Funds, Probably to Develop European Markets. Representatives of Craniberry Institute have met with an as- sistant secretary of the agriculture John Dillon in Washington and have put foinvard a request for fui-ther inderninification of the cran- berry industry on the surplus of the 1960 crop. This meeting was originally scheduled with Secre- tary of Agriculture Freeman, but he was unable to be presemt, and assigned Mr. Dillon to reiprese-nt him. The Insititure set ■'^orth the facts thatt the cranberry industry is not "out of the woods" yet fro^m the oranbeiTy scare of 1959, although it had made substantial pi'ogress. It set out that the crrmberry grow- er had received insufficdent funds from reiturns from the 1960 crop to maintain his purohasing power. The industry made progress in 1959 and more progress in the commercial disposal of the 1960 crop. However, there remains a sur- plus of up to 400,000 barrels which the industi-y cannot diiislpose of through normal channels of oom- mecpce. Therefore a program of Govern- ment assistance somewhat similar to that for the 1959 crop is be- ing requested. This would not, how- ever, involve the "dumping" of ben-res, according to Orriin G. G'ol- ley, president of the Institute, which the government would not again allow and wihich the industry does not want. The most likely method of di's- posiing of this surplus is through ftihe development of foreign mar- kets in Europe. Funds to do this are lacking in the indusitry and government aid is being requested. There might also be increased sdhool lunches and cranbei-ries throug'h welfare foods. Mr. Colley believes there is a vast potential in European markets for cranben-ies. If this could be developed it would Tiot only solve the problem of the 1960 crop. He feels it mdigM be built up in a period of five or ten years to a market wihich could take off the cranberry sui-p'lus every year. This government aid can only be made piosisible, he said through a marketing oirder or agreement, with the latter pfreferred and pro- bably the only method possible. In a miarketing agreement, which is a voluntary adtion permii.sis'able under federal law, the majority of handlers and groAvers would have to concur. If a majority of the dealers do so concur then a petition can be made to the United Sitates Depaiitment of Agriculture to hold a series of area meetingis at which, under government auspices, representatives of the USDA can explain to the growers the facts of a marketing agreement. This the Insititute lis endeavor- ing to bring about. The Institute holds that a million barrells of cranberries can be successfully marketed throuigth noi-mal channels of commerce, but the 200,000 to 400,000 barrels above this are surplus fruit and cannot be so markeited. It is for this surplus that Gove/mment indemnity is be- ing applied for. Mr. Colley stated in mdd-Miarch that the a,irdliting of the returns of the remaining half cf the indem- nity on the 1959 crop had been about completed. Approximately half of the approximate $10,000,000 indemnity has been paid to grow- ers and he expected the other half itio be piaid shortly as claims of the \'arious distributors are allowed or disallowed. Some have already been naid in full. Commimication Goldworthy Takes Exception To Parts Of Articles Mr. Clarence Hall Editor Cranberries Wareham Massachusetts Dear Sir: I read with interest some of the technical reports in the last issue (February) of the Cranberries magazine and would like to make exception to them in your publi- cation. First, Dr. Cross states there was no frost injury to the 1960 crop which accounts for the size of the crop yet in the article in the same publication Dr. Bergman states that there was hardly a marsh in Massachusetts on which frost damage was not present dur- ing 1960. I, also, can not agree with Dr. Bergman's theory on frost damage as while frost damage is prevelent in Wisconsin eveiT year it does not follow the patterns as he has outlined. I know of many cases where Wisconsin vines in the spring have been exposed to tem- peratures zero and below after having been subject to tempera- tures of over fifty degi-ees for a day or two with apparently no appreciable damage. In the Searles Jumbo's in Wisconsin we find that the upright that fruits this year very seldom fruits next year, and this is due to the biennial fnaiting habit of at least the Searles Jumbo variety and there are many re- cords on Wisconsin cranberries that bear this out, so I am sure that many of the opinions ex- pressed in Dr. Bergman's article do not hold true in Wisconsin. In reading Dr. Peltier's article I can not go along with his think- ing on three broods of fireworm and certainly it is not possible to have the second brood appear in August and the third brood appear the same month. There just isn't time enough for the second brood to lay eggs and the worm to ma- ture and the pupae to develop in this short period of time. I am sure in Wisconsin the records show that the control methods are prac- ticed on the first and second broods and that for practical purposes there is certainly no third brood and what may have been taken for the third brood is actually a delay in the life cycle of the previous brood. Very truly yours, Cranberry Products, Inc. Vernon Goldsworthy President Institute Writes To Congress Members For Aid Craniberry Institute 'has seait to each senator and congressman in the five cranberry proiducing states of MasisachUisetts, New Jersey, Wisconsdn, Washingiton and Oregon requestting aid in the present dis- tressed cranlberry marketing situa- tion. The letters were accomipanied iby a mem.oranduni setting forth the situation. In the letter the Insititute said there is continuing great distress among growers wthose purchasing power is still seriously impaired througih inability to market their normial production through regu- lar cihannels througih no fault of itheir own. It said that since the market will not absorb all avadl- aible supplies of excesisdve inven- tories this is adversely affecting producer income froim day to day. It stresised the need for a pa-o- gram on the 1960 crop. "There is clear authority within the United iStates Departanent of Aigriculture to act and we hope you will do everyitihing in your power to im- press upon Secretary O-rville Free- man that prompt action is all im- portanit to cranberry growers in your state," the letter concludes. CRANBERRY CHEESE PIE WINNER IN 20,000 DESERT RECIPES A cranbex-ry recipe was selected as the best of more than 20,000 sent in to Hess's Department Store of Allentown, Pa. national sponsor of the Hess's Patio Novel Desert Recipe Contest. She was Mrs. Ev- erett V. Rockwood of 247 West Street, Mansfield, Massachusetts. Recipe was for a cranberi-y cheese pie. As a result of the suc- cess of this contest it will be made an annual affair. The grand winner, Mrs. Rock- wood, was awarded an all-expense paid trip to New York, with tours of the city's famous landmarks, including the U,N, Radio City and Wall Street, as well as visits to New York's outstanding theatres and restuarants. S'he was to be guest on radio and TV programs. Her recipe for cranberry cheese pie follows : 20 ounces of cream cheese, (2% eight oz. pkgs.); 1 cup water, 11/4 tablespoons flour; V^ teaspoon salt; 2 eggs and one egg white; 2 tablespoons evaporated or homoge- nized milk; 1 teaspoon vanilla; Vz tsp. grated lemon rind; Vi tps. grated orange rind. Whip cream cheese until fluffy, Combine 1 cup flour, sugar, lemon, orange rind and salt. Add to the cream cheese and beat until thorughly mixed. Add eggs and egg white, one at a time, beating well after each addition. Finally add milk and vanilla, beating again until well blended. Pour into a slightly underbaked 9" pie shell. Bake 7 minutes in a very hot oven, 450 degrees F. Reduce to a very slow oven 200 degrees F. and bake 15 minutes more. Cool. Topping — 1 lb. can whole cran- berry sauce, 2 tblsp. sugar, 1 tsp. MARCH 1961 MARCH FORWARD INTO ANOTHER SPRING, AND ACTIVE SEASON, HAVE — ELECTRICITY — AT YOUR BECK AND CALL, IN YOUR CRAN= BERRY WORK — IN YOUR HOME. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM — PLYMOUTH CYpress 5-0200 Pilgrim 6-1300 lemon juice, 1 tblsp. cornstarch, 1 tsp. grated lemon rind. Prepare the topping by com- bining in a saucepan cranberry juice with sugar and cornstarch. Cook over low heat until thick and clear. Blend in lemon juice and grated lemon rind. Cool and spread over the cooled cheese fil- ling. Mrs. Rockwood, mother of five children and an adopted daugihter, has also been nominated by the Mansfield woman's clulb for the 1961 "Mother of the Year" award. She had been collecting and originating recipes for 30 years. She thought long and hard about her entiT in the important contest. "Cheesecake is a national favorite," She is interesting in getting her cranberry cheese pie recipe to the presidential staff. This is a food, afterall, identified with President John F. Kennedy's home state. She believes the President ma)gih.t like to samiple this dish. Two Cape Cranberry Clubs Combine The Upper and Lower Cape Cod Craniberry clubs meeting at the Old Courthouse, Barnstable, March' 14 voted to co-mlbine the two or- ganazatio-ns, the nev/ namie to be the Cape God Cranlberry Club. This action was deemed advisable because, of increasingly ■smiall attendance at the meetings of the two individual clubs. It was felt the siingle organization could dlo a better job. President is Victor Elwood Lee- man of West BamstaiMe; vice president, Francis Kemdrick, East Harwidh; secretary Mrs. Crawtford H. Hoillidige, Marstons Mills, and treasurer, Alvan H. Crocker of Foreistdale. The combined club will act as a medium tihrouig''h which the Oaipe Cod Extension Service will conduct its educational program in cranber- ry culture. Its officers act as ad- visors to the County Agriculture Agent in developing the programs for winter meetings, the field clinics and any other special scihool's. The piresident automatic- ally becomes a director of Cape Cod Cranberry Grower's A'sisocia- tion. FHA Loans Again Available To Mass. Growers Onoe ag-adn, as last year, Produc- tion Elniergencyiloanis undefr the U.S. Department of Ag'rioulture, F'anm-- ers Home Adimdmiistration are avail- ah>le to Massachusetts gr^owers. This is a loan, with a lien on the crop of 1961 ^t three percent in- terest to be piaid as the income (from the 1961 crop is expecited to be received. Any established cranberry grow- er with a record of successful cran- Iberry operations in the pasit is eligible if he is unable to olbtadn fiucih loan from a comiTOercial blank, cooperajtive lending agency or lother responsible source of credit. The money miay be used for the ipurc'hase of fenhilizers, insecticide's, fungicides as well as to meet otlher essential operating- expenses. The loans are to be administered under the directiou of Charles C. Starr, supervisor, Farmer's Loan Administratiofn or from Robert B. HiUer of Marion, wiho during the period of loaning laist year main- tained a part-itimie office at the Miassaohusetts Cranbeny Experi- ment Station. Applilcation foi-ms im'ay also be obtained from county agents' offices and the Cranlberry Station at East WareiWam. Nationwide Easter Sale of Ocean Spray Cranberries Ocean Spray will open the way to increassed sales of cranberry sauce with a big Nationwide Sale of cranberries for Easter. The importance of this season to cran- berry sales is reflected by Easter sales, 1960, which chalked up a 15% increase over 1959; this dur- ing a comeback year when cran- berry sauce sales were down. Colorful posters and "shelf talk- ers" with space for the store's special price will boost the Na- tionwide Sale and take advantage of the cranberry's natural affinity for the Easter ham and turkey. According to H. Gordon Mann, Ocean Spray sales manager, "Eas- ter sales of cranberries have been building up each year and are currently on a par with Thanks- giving sales of only a few years ago." Backing the Nationwide Sale and bringing a special offer to consumers is a joint Easter cam- paign by Ocean Spray and Ar- mour. Advertising and promotion will highlight Easter as the "Ham- berry Holiday" and will announce a special free offer plus bonus. In exchange for two Ocean Spray labels and a key strip from a can of Armour's the consumer will re- ceive a certificate g-ood for two free 1-pound cans of Ocean Spray Cranberry Sauce and a second certificate worth 50<^ towards the next purchase of Armour's "Ham What Am." The March 21st issue of Life Magazine and the March 28th is- sue of Look will carry full-page, full-color advertisements, and 1200- 1 i n e newspaper announcements sponsored by Armour will run in 46 major markets. Display cards, banners, "shelf talkers," bulletin board cards and case strips will tie in with the joint promotion, most of them carrying tear-off pads with the glazed ham recipe and details of the consumer offer. The "Ham-berry Holiday" cam- paign assures increased store traf- fic and repeat sales for both ham and cranben-y sauce and offers additional opportunity for related item sales. Important Frost Experiment At Mass State Bog A most important experiment is to be tried out at Massachusetts State Bog this spring. Last month in CRANBERRIES, Dr. H. F. Bergman had an important paper on frosts which indicated that the Massachusetts crop could be great- ly increased perhaps up to double if temperatures on bogs were not permitted to get as low as they have some times. This matter has long been a subject of research by Dr. Bergman, Dr. F. B. Chand- ler and others. A section of the bog between two and two and a half acres will be specially treated for frost pro- tection every night, when any de- gree of frost threatens. This area has been diked in and there is adequate water supply at the bog. Whenever it is indicated the tem- perature will reach 32 this piece will be flooded, which can be done in about two hours and the flood removed the following morning, taking about an hour. No frost at all will be permitted to occur on this particular piece. Dr. C. E. Cross, director of the Station who is in charge of the experiment, said he wished to give Dr. Bergman's theory a practical, commercial demonstration, to prove that he is right. If crops on the area do increase, he said, it may be necessary to revise the frost formular to see that temperatures as low as have been permitted in the past do not take place on Massachusetts bogs, at least as far as the warning can provide. He said this might involve exten- sive improvement in size of reser- voirs and possibly the installation of expensive punifping systems, but it would be worth the cost if the crop can be so materially im- proved. L.iM F^OM THE FIELDS (Continued from Page 6) forecast for March is for tempera- tures to average above seasonal noi-mals along with above normal precipitation. The average for the month being about 31 degrees and 2 inches of precipitation. More Vines Exposed With the advent of the extended warm weather, more than normal amounts of vines in the southern marshes were becoming exposed. If colder weather returned grow- ers were planning to reflow these sections to prevent any chance of winter killing. The possibility of this condition was very slight. Burning Edges Earlier The Avarm weather virtually put an end to the sanding in the south, but operations were expected to continue in the north. Deep frost in the ground was expected to re- sult in a serious bi'eakup of the (Continued on Page 16) ^dit^Sjals ISSUE OF MARCH 1961 VOL. 25 - NO. 11 Until a few years ago the word "nema- tode" was unknown probably to the cran- berry grov/ers. Or at least he dM not sus- pect that these tiny, living creatures were destructive of cranberry vines and so to a portion of the crop. How large a loss is sustained each year cannot probably be estimated, but it may be considerable. Dr. Bert M. Zuckerman of the Mass- achusetts Cranberry Experiment Station has made himself a considerable authority on the nematode and particularly nema- todes that infest cranberry soils. For the past few seasons he has learned of the pres- ence of nematodes on cranberry bogs, how thick the population is and how they in- jure cranberry roots and has been seeking out chemicals with which to control them. In an interesting article in this issue he devotes part of his space to this subject. He has found the control, and while he states that 100 percent control is considered un- attainable, the population can be reduced. Under the conditions he is referring to, he has found that commercially significant increase in yield has been found on other crops. He expects there will be a similar increase in the cranberry crop, without in- jury to the bogs. Incidentally, the Massachusetts man is becoming to be considered considable of an authority on this micropic being. He studied nematodes in Europe last year and plans to go again this year. He is chairman of the Northeast Cooperative Nematode Research Project. Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. is not the whole of the cranberry industry. But this giant cooperative controls such a large proportion of the country's crop that what it does is of importance to every grower. Cranberry sales, that is processed cran- berries have been in the doldrums the past two or three months. The news that Ocean Spray plans again a big Easter Promotion — with ham — is good news. It may be hoped this period of Easter selling, which has now become the third largest in the season, goes over with a bang. The surplus of cranberries must be re- duced. CLARENCE J. HALL Editor and Publisher EDITH S. HALL— Associate Editor Wareham, Massachusetts SUBSCRIPTIONS, $3.50 Per Year, FOREIGN, $4.50 CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin LEO A. SORENSON Cran4>erry Consultant Wisconsin Rapids Wisconsin Washington CHARLES C. DOUGHTY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. Oregon GRANT SCOTT Coquille, Ore. Massachusetts Dr. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. EDWARD K. KNAPP Barnstable County Agricultural Agent OSCAR S. JOHNSON Barnstable, Mass. New Jersey P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey Here it is March and the long, cruel, winter in Massachusetts and New Jersey is ending. And it was one of the toughesi: winters in these areas within the memory of cranberry growers and others. Bogs were long covered with ice, or snow ice, but now will be coming out and a new ac- tive season will begin. Fifte'«n SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS FRESS^ FROM THE FIELDS (Continued from Page 14) roads. If this condition continues, this would result in one of the earliest spring- breakups on record. At the end of the month the State Conservation Department was is- suing serious forest fire conditions prevailing throughout the state, a condition virtually unheard of in the dead of winter. A number of New Indian Trail Quality Sauce Strained Cranberry Whole Cranberry Sauce in Syrup Cranberry Juice Cocktail Plua our regular line {^moHgnail FROZEN FRESH WHOLE CRANBfRRIES INDIAN TRAIL INC. P. O. Box 710 Wisconsin Rapids, Wis. the growers wene burning the marsh areas around their proper- ties about two months earlier than normal. Total rainfall, according to Ban- don records from February 1 to the 15th, inclusive, was 12.89 in- ches. HEAVY RAIN IN BANDON ARSA The Oregon cranberry area suf- fered from a cloudburst which dumped a total of 7% inches of rain as recorded at Bandon on February 9 and 10. There was a total of 4.29 on the second day. Highways were washed out, some buildings flooded and areas were isolated by the washouts. WISCONSIN TO RAISE BIG TURKEY CROP Wisconsin turkey growers plan to grow a big crop of the birds in 1961, according to the State Agricultural Department. Esti- mates point to a crop that would exceed the 1960 production by 28 percent. This would mean there would be 5,180,000 birds compared with 4,039,000 produced last year. WISCONSIN HEADQUARTERS FOR INSECTICIDES - FUNGICIDES HERBICIDES DUSTS - WETTABLE POWDERS - EMULSIONS Parathion — Malathion Ferbam — Dowpon Liquid and Granular Weed and Brush Killers Hopkins AgrEcultural Chemical Co. P.O. BOX 584 MADISON, WIS. Phone Alpine 7-1019 HUME PRODUCTS CORPORATION • DEGRASSERS • DRYERS • CONVEYORS Designers and manufacturers of machinery for the cranberry industry SERVICES AVAILABLE TO WISCONSIN GROWERS: Steel stock from our warehouse Engineering services Complete machine shop service 1^ For information, write: HUME PRODUCTS CORPORATION Eagle River, Wisconsin Sixth's SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS FOR SALE SEARLES JUMBO HOWES, McFARLIN Vines \ for delivery in 1961 $125.00 Ton F.O.B. OUR PRODUCTS INTERESTED IN PURCHASING WISCONSIN CRANBERRY PROPERTIES Vernon Goldsworthy B.S. & M.S. University of Wisconsin Cranberry Consultant Fees Reasonable EAGLE RIVER WISCONSIN Strained Cranberry Sauce Whole Cranberry Sauce Cransweets Diced Cransweets Cranberry Apple Sauce Cranberry-Strawberry Preserves Cranberry-Cherry Preserves Cranberry-Pineapple Preserves Cranberry-Raspberry Preserves Cranberry-Rhubarb Preserves Cranberry-Gooseberry Preserves Spiced Cranberries Cranberry Chilli Sauce Cranberry Bar-B-Q Sauce Cranberry Orange Relish Cranberry Vinegar Cranberry Juice Cran-Beri Cran-Vari Cran-Puri Cranberry Puree Cran-Bake DANA MACHINE & SUPPLY Co. Wis. Rapids Wis. MFIiS. of: SPRAY BOOMS GRASS CLIPPERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS Gctsinger Retracto tooth pickers Dryers DISTR. of: VEE BELTS & PULLEYS ROLLER CHAINS SPROCKETS & BEARINGS CONVEYOR BELTING STEEL Your Foreman Deserves A Subscription to Cranberries; too Sliced and Whole Maraschino Cranberries Consumer Size & Bulk Fresh Cranberries Cranberry Products, Inc. EAGLE RIVER, WISCONSIN ^'^i^m^^m^^^m, CORRUGATED CULVERT PIPE and FLOW GATES FelkerSros. Mfg.Co. MARSHFIELD WISCONSIN Phone 230 - 231 WISCONSIN CRANBERRY GROWERS are ysing more Signature Fertilizer year after year • Pelletized • Homogeneous • Dustless • Free-Flowing ,, • 50 lb. Bags i' E. RAUH & SONS || FERTILIZER CO. || Indianapolis & Plymouth, Ind. I YOU Are reading this ad. Others will read yours in CRANBERRIES Magazine *^ -y t^'^^'Z^'^t^y ... t.^ '^^^^^"•,.es'^^:,^^^^^^^^^^^^ \ ^arted the same. The temperature hit a high on the list of 47 -and bowed out on the 31st at a hiigb of 48. The monitihJ5; average tem- perature was 1.8 degrees above normal and precipitaiti'on was about 1.5 inohes above normal of 3.5 incthes. Moisit of the precjipittation was in the form of wet snows the first hailf of the n.o'ntih. The heav- iest faia came on tbe 10th when 8 tio ten indhets fell. The end of tfhie iHiortth found the snow cover com- pletely gone in the souitlh and scat- tered amounlts in the woods in the north. The outlook for April is for precipitation to be about nor- mal wiltQi temip'er-atures to average Six near normal to possibly above in the north. Washout TrouDles W'ilL'h the lack of heavy snows imiost areais expeineneed Idlttle flood- injg and moislt of tbe streamls a^nd rivers remiaiined within their banks. Due to more than nioarmal popula- tionis of muiskratls there appears to be more waslhoaifts in the dyke>3 due to their burrowing. Deep frost was also cauisiing oonisidarabie troulble with new bu'lkheads, wit^. a numlber of mars'hes loosing sev- eriail. Water Adequate Water suipplaies ap'peared ade- quiaite followinig a dry winter and April rains wiere expected to bud(M- uip am(ple amounlts for early froisil: iproltedtion. It was expected that tlhe winter floods woulid be pulled 'aboiult the middle of April, as the ■'ce had started melting in tlhe ifjO'ultih at the end of the month. As there v;ias considerable sanding done last winiter, most of growers woiild be busy hooking out vines f olfowing the removal of the winter flood. "GOLDY" GOES EAST — AND WEST Vernon Goldsworthy, president of Cranberry Products, Inc., Eagle River, Wisconsin recently -made a trip to Washington to visit tihe USDA and also to New Jersey wibere be viisited the Cranberry Exrpexiimenit Station and growers. He was accomipanied by his son, Cbaiies, wbo is on the road for Cranberry Products and by Ralph Sampson, treasurer of the Com- pany. "Goldy" afeo visited the West Ooalst in early April. He saw Nor- man Holmes at Vancouver, British Columbia and also growers in Washington and Oregon. SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES MAGAZINE INSECTICIDES « FUNGICIDES HERBICIDES ARE AVAILABLE ON THE CAPE FROM R. C. Mossman - Hortscoltyral Sales West Bridgewater, Mass. Representing The HUBBARD-HALL CHEMICAL CO. Waterbury, Conn. Some Recent Observations on Cranberry Breeding by F. B. Chandler and Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. IntrcMiuction In 1958, a program was started to breed cranberries which would mature their fruit earlier, have a higher sugar content, lower acid content and pleasing flavor. The seedlings would also be selected for excellent yield and good keep- ing quality. Results of Morse studies (5) were used as the in- formation for sugar and acid con- tent of the varieties. Fellers and Esselen (4) give percent soluble solids (most of w(hich is sug'ar) hut not for all varieties used as parents. The seeds from the 1958 crosses were germinated in a hig'h nutrient ag'ar, but all of the seed- lings were killed by fungi and /or molds before transplanting. In 1959, more crossci were made using Black Veil for low acid and early maturity of fruit, Cerater- ville for high total sugars and a pleasing flavor, Centennial for high total sugar, Stanley for hig'h total sug'ar and an excellent yield, Selec- tion 28 for a pleasing flavor, Sc lection 8 for excellent yield and earlineisis 8 (is frcm Early Black X Searles, a cross which has pro- duced early seedlings), and Sear- les for an excellent yield and its influence on the season of ripen- ing (Table I). Methods The parent plants were kept in I. E. Demoranville a walk-in refrigerator operated at 35-40°F for over 2000 hours to simulate the requirements for a normal winter (research is under way and a paper will be presented later on the rest period for cran- berries). When removed from the refrigerator the plants were set in the greenhouse benches. Before blooming, these plants were caged with a rigid frame which was covered with plastic wire cloth. Before the blossoms opened, the cage was removed and the blos- soms were emasculated (removal of the anthers, the male part). The plants were kept cag'ed ex- cept for the few minutes that someone was working on them. Blossoms were collected from the variety bog for pollen, which was put on the thumb nail and applied to the stigma. Each cluster of flowers was marked with the fe- male parent X male parent and the dates pollinated. This tag re- mained with the berries until the seeds - ' re planted. The number of blossoms worked with was too small to draw defi- nite conclusions, but it is inter- esting to note t:iat the overall percent set was over 2d% and in the field it is usually around 20*:^. In the field bees may visit every day and these flowers were polli- nated every other day, also thisise bl'osisiomis had iS'Oimie imjury Avih^en eOTiascuila-ted. If ithe detaileid pereent Characteristic of Varieties Chosen as Parents Table I Season Total* Total* of Variety Acid Sugar Flavor** YieVi* Ripening* Black Veil 1.90 4.14 g-ood early Centerville 2.27 4.94 X good late Centennial 2.11 5.27 good late Stanley 2.22 5.35 Exc. late Selection 28 - - X good late Selection 8 - - Exc. mid Searles 2.30 4.63 Exc. mid Early Black 2.34 4.08 good early Howes 2.20 4.71 good late Data for total acid and total sugar from Morse (5), and data for yield and season of ripening from Chandler and Demoranville (3). Varieties marked "X" have a particularly pleasing flavor and are eaten raw by some people. , (set is observed, it will be oiioted it went from zero for Black Vedl X iSeaailes to 66% for 8 X Bladk VieiiJl. This ishows ddfiniteily tihat tbhe pencemt set should be higlher a.s Bergman Istated (2). When the ber- ries were fully imatare -on the vin^s, they were harvested by crosses and placed in marked kraft bags. (termination of Seed Berries from the 16 crosses made in the summer of 1959 were stored until February 1960 (1). The seeds were separated from the berry pulp, sterilized in 95% ethyl alcohol for 5 minutes and trans- ferred to square 8-ounce, screw- cap jars containing 1% low- nutri- ent water agar. These jars had been placed on one side to give a flat agar surface and seeds were in rows approximately a half-inch apart. A jar was used for each berry, with a laibel showing the cross on the cap. The jars were then placed in an incubator at a temperature of from 68 to 75°F. A total of 736 seeds from the 16 crosses was planted. Some seed began to germinate 7 days after being placed in the incubator, others were from 2% to 3 weeks before starting. Twenty- three percent of the seeds planted did not germinate after 6 weeks and were discarded. Correspon- dence with a number of colleaguss suggested the possibility rf a seed coat problems. The young seedlings were allowed to grow for two weeks in the incubator before at- tempting to transplant. The seedlings were lifted out of the agar, using a dissectinc; needle, and put into 2-inch clap pots containing a mixture of finely screened sand and peat. The soil was sterilized in an autccb.ve be- fore being used. After transplant- ing approximately 200 seedlings, it was noted that a large amount of mold was developing in the pots, causing most of the young plants to die. The remaining plnnts wers put into pots containing an un- sterilized mixture of sand and peat or vermiculite and were not trou- bled by mold growth. The great difficulty with this method was the initial shock of transplanting and dessication of the tops of the succulent plants. This occurred in Seven the first 24 to 48 hours, even thoug"h the soil was saturated with moisture. In order to overcome this difficulty, part of the plants were placed in cages of sheet plastic. While this procedure did reduce dessication, it increased mold gTowth, ag'ain causing many plants to die. In all, 566 seedlings were transplanted with only 170 plants sui'viving, giving a mortal- ity rate of 70 percent. It was de- cided to plant sterilized seed di- rectly into an unsterilized sand- peat mixture, peat alone, and ver- miculite. A total of 102 seeds from the crosses were planted with 82 plants surviving, or a mortality rate of only 20 percent. A total of 838 seeds were planted, 648 seed- lings germinated and were trans- planted, giving a germination rate of 77 percent (Table II). Sui-viving plants were trans- ferred to a greenhouse in April, 1960. On June 24, 1960, the plants in vermiculite were replanted in a sand-peat mixture because of poor growth. A final survival count was made in late January, 1961, which showed 252 plants re- maining from a total of 648 seed- lings, or a mortality rate of 61 percent. After survival counts had been made, the plants were trans- ferred from the greenhouse to a walk-in refrigerator operated at from 35-40°F for a rest period of over 2000 hours. In the spring of 1961 these seed- lings will be set in a specially prepared section of the State Bog, planted five feet apart in rows five feet apart. The runners will be trained and/or cut to leave a one-foot path similar to that de- scribed by Bain (1) in New Jersey. These plants will be selected for high sugar, low acid of the fruit, good to excellent yield of berries, early maturing, and low field rot. If the sugar-acid ratio can be al- tered so that cranberries do not have to be diluted with an equal volume of water and sugar in making sauce, or can be eaten out of hand as other fruits, the cranberry growers can hope to sell larger crops. This is a difficult goal to realize, as of the 1476 Summai T of 1959 Table II Crosses Cross % Set % Seed Germination % Plant Survival Black Veil X Centerville X 28 X 8 X Searles 9.1 18.2 57.1 0.0 100 100 100 40 0 38 Total 22.6 100 32 Centerville X X Cer X 28 itennial 8 8.3 10.0 23.7 0 34 34 52 2'5 Total 14.2 30 41 Centennial X 28 X 8 X Black Veil 48.0 57.9 42.9 91 98 91 37 81 43 Total 51.0 .94 56 Stanley X 8 X 28 55.6 37.5 72 98 66 47 Total 40.4 84 57 Z8 X Black Veil X Centerville 17.9 38.4 100 95 48 20 Total 23.7 96 28 8 X Black Veil X Searless 66.7 40.0 92 5 36 0 Total 54.5 50 34 Searless X 8 62.5 93 12 Total 62.5 93 12 Grand Total 29.3 77 39 seedlings which fruited in 1939, only three have been named (Beck- with, Stevens and Wilcox) ; how- ever, three more may be named in the near future. Summary 1. A 19c low-nutrient water agar is an excellent media in which to germinate cranbeiTy seed. 2. A high percentage of mortality results from transplanting the seedlings from the agar to soil. 3. An unsterilized sand -peat mix- ture is a better media than vermiculite, peat, or a sterilized sand-peat mixture. 4. Planting the sterilized cran- beriy seed directly into any of the above media gave as good gei-mination and considerably less plant mortality than ger- mination in agar and trans- planting. Literature Cited 1. Bain, H. F. 1940. Experiments in breeding cranberries for false blossom control. Cranberries 4 (11): 9-11. 2. Bergman, H. F. 1961. Frost as a factor in cranberry crop pro- duction. Cranben-ies 25 (10): 7-10. 3. Chandler, F. B. and Irving De- moranville. 1958. Cranberry \'a- rieties of North America. Mass. Agr. Expt. Sta. Bui. 513. 4. Fellers, Carl R. and W. B. Es- selen. 1955. Cranberries and Cranbei-ry products. Mass. Agr. Expt. Sta. Bui. 481. _ 5. Morse, F. W. 1930. A chemical study of cranberries. Mass. Agr. Expt. Sta. Bui. 265. NEARLY SEVEN WEEKS RAIN AT LONG BEACH The long spell of rally weather- on the Long" Beadh Pendnsula ci-an- beii-ry area ended March 18, jus: one day sihoirt of seven weeks otf oontinuouis rain. The previious day without precipitaition had been Jan- uary '28. Total to date for ithe month was 12.13 inches as recorded at Cran- guyma Farmis, with the to'tal for the year since January first being 47.81 inches. Advertise In Cranberries Eight Victor E. Leeman Is Cape Grower Who *' Plugs Along*' At Full-Time Cranberries by Clarence J. Hall The backbone of the cranberry industiy is made up of growers, some relatively small growers, who "plug along" at growing cranberries through good times and bad. With a faith in the industry as a means of attaining a livlihood in a satisfactory way of life. One such is Victor Elwood Lee- Mr. Leeman, who is now retired, man of West Barnstable, Cape Cod. operated a dairy fann at West He has been a cranberry grower since 1939 and plans to continue to be one. Last month he was made first president of the newly-formed Cape Cod Cranberries Club. He puts in practically all his time at the work. His production is better than Massachusetts aver- age. He gets from 60 to 65 barrels per acre, and has gotten as high as 1400 barrels from 17 acres of which 14 are in good bearing. Mr. Leeman was bom in Quincy, Massachusetts, the son of Mr. and Mrs. Victor J. Leeman. His father was a stone cutter, but because of ailing health his physician sug- gested he go to the Cape and lead a different kind of life. The elder Barnstable. He then got into cran- berry growing as a side line, his bogs being at East Sandwich. He later sold them to Mrs. Cross, wife of Chester E. Cross, director of Massachusetts Cranberry Ex- periment Station. Worked On Cranberries as a Boy Victor helped his father as a boy on the bogs, and so had an early training in cranberries. "I worked on the bog and on the dairy fann," he says, "and learned the business from him." He left the farm when 18 and joined the United States Army as infantryman. He served from 1926 to 19'29 being stationed in Texas. He had the rank of corporal. After that he went into land- scape gardening and worked for John Johnson, the father of Oscar Johnson, who is Barnstable County Agricultural agent and has charge of cranbei-ry growing for Exten- sion Service on the Cape. This was at Centerville on the Cape. He then went to Pennsylvania where he Avorked as caretaker for a wealthy aunting lodge. When the bogs he now owns were offered for sale by United Cape Cod Cranberry Company he bought them and so returned to cranberry growing. Has Eight Bogs In All The bogs are located off Maple street in West Barnstable, while he makes his home on Willow street, a short distance away. There are eight pieces in all, the largest being of seven acres. Some of the bog"" are on peat bottom, including the largest piece. Others are on clap and hardpan. These bogs have complete win- ter flowage and he can flow for frost about three times in suc- cession, but cannot always get as complete a frost flow as he % A view of one of the Leeman well-kept bogs. (CRANBERRIES Photo) Nine T/ould like. Some of the bogs have springs and he has a spring-fed 8-acre reservoir. Flo-w is by gravi- ty, but he has a gasoline pump to pump back the water. He, naturally does his own frost protection work. Almost All Blacks He had to rebuild gradually about seven acres of the property and when he rebuilt he reset from Late Howes to Early Bdacks. He now has all Early Blacks lexcept for about three-quarters of an acre of Howes. He has a regular program of fertilizing eveiy June, this being particularly necessary on the hard- pan sections. He uses an 8-16-8 fertilizer, fonnerly using 7-7-7. He has to twice fertilize the hardpan sections. Although he has a ground dus- ter, which he uses at times his insect control is from the air, using Wiggins Airways Inc. sei-vice, through R. F. Morse & Son of Wareham. His plans call for a regular sanding of his bogs at least once in five years, but he confesses he is behind in this program. Hi.^ sand has to be purchased. He does a Int o? ^.■c^,]■■n^ ^-^.1 his bogs show this, being clean. He mowes, uses kerosene, iron sulfate and does a lot of hand weeding himself. Mr. Leeman is a hard-working bog man, doing all his own work. At times he has a boy who helps out, as on occasion does his 14- year-old son, Jack. For harvesting he uses a Darl- ington Picker and in this he uti- lizers the services of a man for about a month. He is a member of Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc., and takes his berries for screening and packing to the Ocean Spray plant at North Harwich. He is also a member of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Associa- tion and attends meetings of that organization as well as those of the foirmer Upper Cape Cod Cranberry Club at Cotuit. "I intend, as finances and ci'an- berry conditions permit to rebuild all the bogs and have the whole 17 acres in good bearing condition, eventually," he declares. "I now have about an acre ploughed up and harrowed and will replant this." "I don't like the catastrophy A^^ich hit the indvi^h- i^i i^'"^ ^" the amino triazole scare, and th« other setbacks we have had any- more than anybody else in the business does." "But I'm not dis- couraged. I'm not giving up cran- berry growing as long as I can make a living at it. If I once get the 17 acres all in good bearing and the price is OK, I'll be all right.'- As pieviously stated Mr. Lee- man is practically a full time cranbeiT-y grower. However, for the past three years he has worked winters for the Cape Cod Mosquito Control. This project has done much to eliminate this pest from the Cape. He brushes out paths in the swamps and digs control ditches. This is a project financed by state, county and town. Mr. Leeman is married to the former Olga Lannquist of Lex- ington. He is a member of the Howard Lodge of Masons of South Yarmouth. For recreation he goes fishing for trout and striped bass and bluefishing once in a while. READ CRAN3ERRIE! Another view of the Leei (CRANBERRIES Photo) MASS. MEETINGS (Continued from Page 2) chart. He said weed control by inscticides is never 100 percent perfect, but the success usually runs from 90 to 95 percent when the chemicals were properly ap- plied. He suggested that weedy spots be treated by hand weeding, through the use of clippers or mowing or "spot" treatment. These methods, he said, would help in cut grass and that growers should make these extra efforts to keep their bogs "clean." George Rounsville spoke on water management. He explained •the use of wet and dry bullb (bher- mometers and the dew point, to give growers a better understand- ing of how frost warning fonnu- las were worked out. Rounsville, who is in charge of the frost warn- ing service declined to make any prediction to a question as to whether a frosty season might be expected in Massachusetts. He said Dr. C. E. Cross, was concerned with recent volcaniic action in Peru which had filled the upper HELICOPTER PEST CONTROL 'qqsns ^Irwaus I I NORWOOD, MASS. ' DUSTING and SPRAYING RAY MORSE, Agent TEL. CY 5-3928 PLAN FOR PROFIT WITH NIAGARA PROTECTION Crop protection is our business — it has been for 57 years. Niagara formulations of recommended insecticides and fungicides give you extra protection because of better attention to details of manufacture. This includes proper wetting agents, proper particle size, blending and other details in addition to active ingredients. Niagara customers count on this for better results. Niagara Zineb — Niagara Phaltan - Aqua Phoskil 6 or Dust and Sprays — For Disease Control 8 — Popular formulations containing 6 or 8 pounds per gallon of parathion. For information and technical service call your Niagara man JOE PELIS, 378 Central Street, AVest Acton, Massachusetts. Phone colonial 3-7972. NIAGARA CHEMICAL DIVISION AVER, MASSACHUSETTS JJlevep atmosphere with dust particales which mig-ht be inducive to a frosty season. Prof. William E. Tomlinson Jr., station entomologist, gave a talk on cranberry insects a resume of which follows : Berry Fruitworm And Its Control by W. E. Tomlinson, Jr. During the entire history of cranberry growing in Massachu- setts the cranberry fruitworm has caused more trouble than all other insects combined. Much research has been directed at its biology and control over the years, yet we are still losing too many berries from its ravages. Much of this loss is unnecessai'y because we have a reasonably simple and re- liable method of detecting infesta- tions in time to apply control mea- sures, and we have effective in- secticides for dealing with them when detected. Nevertheless, there are g'aps in our knowledge of their beha\nor that if known could very well make control simpler and even more effective. With this in mind I have initiated studies that I hope will be helpful in this respect. The pattern of moth emergence has been observed by caging areas known to be infested with worms the previous year hy some inves- tigators. If enough area is covered and larva survival is good, quite a large numbers of moths and parasites can be caught in that way. A simpler method of study- ing moth flight would be by light traps. However, in the past, lights have not proven effective for catch- ing cranberi-y fruitworm moths. A few yeaa-s ago it was found that many insects, pai-ticularly some moths, are attracted by light rays not visible to human eyes and a light source known as fluorescent black light was found very effec- tive in this respect. A black light trap was built and installed on the State Bog last summer and results were even better than hoped for. Fruitworm moths were attracted in quantity and both sexes were caught in about equal numbers. Observations for only one year are inconclusive, but over a period of several years such trap records coupled with temperature i-ecords, development of bloom records, ovi- position records and insecticidal conti'ol records should give us use- ful infonnation. The first fruitwonn moth \ caught on the night of June 12 and the last on the night of i gust 29-30. The greatest numbei one night was 38 moths on night of June 29-30. One half the total moths caught were ti' ped by the night of July 1-2 (d of Mean Moth Emergence). ''. total number of moths trapped a 482. These results compare very n: ly with cage records of MaxA' & Morgan (1951) working ^^ this species in New Bninsw^ Canada. Their mean day of em gence was July 8 and 9 while o was a week earlier, or July 1 ; 2. They advised the first sp application right after mid-bloi and I have the feeling that same timing in relation to . mean day of emergence and ir bloom would be optimuim he This is bome out by experie this past summer. If you remember, 1960 bloom ■v late and slow in setting because cool nights. Egg laying was slov so that counts were hard to $ Counts kept stringing out %\ 1 or 2 at most at any one time some bogs. This made timing DATE OF MEAN MOTH EMERGENCE S, UNOPEN BLOOM \_ 1ST LARVA y^ OPEN BLOOM jT \ A / 1ST EGG y/\ \ BERRIES MEAN DAY or 1ST lATlVAE IS 20 22 26 28 30 2 10 12 14 16 20 22 sprays by egg counts difficult and some of you that waited for a count of 4 per 100 got into trou- ble, whereas those that sprayed twace in early and mid-July any- way had good fmitworm control. The graph, indicating the pro- gress of bloom and fruit set, is copied from Maxwell and Morgan (1951) with the dates shifted to correspond to conditions that pre- vailed at the State Bog in 1960. Right after June 26 when un- opened and open bloom was equal was the time of first egg lajnng. The date of mean moth emergence, when half of the moths were trap- ped, was on July 1-2, a day or so after the peak of bloom. A day or so later the first larvae hatched. The date of mid-bloom, when open bloom and set ben-ies were equal, occurred a day or two later, on July 5. The peak day of first lar- val abundance was about July 8-9, six days after the day of mean moth emergence. For opitmum con- trol of cranben-y fruitworm, the first application should therefore be applied within 2 or -3 days after mid-bloom or 5 or 6 days after the date of mean moth emergence. With that timing the optimum number of moths, eggs and newly hatching lar\-ae can be killed. A second application about 10 days later is usually necessary for con- trol of moths that emerge after the first spray and to kill the eggs and larvae that they produce. It is usually not necessaiy nor eco- nomically good policy to make a third application for the few moths that straggle out in late July and August. Also interesting was the catch of Sparganothis fruitworm moths in this trap. Though it was a low year for Sparganothis on the State Bog, we caught a total of 141 moths, and there were two very definite peaks. The first peak oc- curred during the last 2 weeks of June and the second peak during the last week of August and first week of September, at which time the trap was discontinued because ft was put out of commission by Hurricane Donna. The peak in late June indicates why the regular cranberry fruitworm spray controls this pest so well if the correct in- scticides are used. Eggs laid by these moths would be hatching just as the ragular fruitworm ap- plications were applied in early and mid-July. It is time for many growers to treat their bogs for root grubs for the second time. Use granular diel- drin alone or combined with ferti- lizer or spray if you so desire. Spring or fall applications are effective. I have revised my project slight- ly to be able to devote mor- time to work on the biology and natural control of cranberry insects. The biologlval studies will in- clude more work on the host in- terrelationships of insects attack- ing cranberry and botanically re- lated plants in Southeastern Massa- chusetts. That such studies may be useful has just gained support from a study in the state of Wash- ington. It was Dr. Franklin's con- tention that the black-headed fire- worm had no other host but cran- berries. It has recently been found damaging a species of evergreen blueberry on the west coast. More careful search might bring to light similar host range relationships here with the black-headed fire- worai or other cranberry- insects though cold winters probably pre- vent black-head fireworm infesta- tion of related native upland plants in Massachusetts. Fruitwoi-m test sprays included several new insecticides, some of which gave excellent control. Also included in the tests was an in- sect bacillus that has been given quite a play as an answer to the insecticide residue and toxicity hazard. It didn't appear to be the solution to the cranberry fruit- worm problem from one years re- sults at least. Literature Cited Maxwell, C. W. and G. T. Mor- gan. 1951. Life-history studies of the cranberry fruitworm, Mineola vaccinii (Riley), in New Bruns- wick. 82nd Ann. Rpt. Ent. Soc. Ontario, pp 21-25. Try Cranberries Advertisinq WANTED A Used Getsinger and Dana Cran- berry Picker. CARL JENSEN, Rte. 1. Warrens, Wise. 10' BAILEY BOG PUMP With 10' shaft, $150.00 or best offer STEVEN ROBERTS Taunton St. iLakeville, Mass. Tel. Middleboro 249- W2. SHAWMUT GLASS CONTAINERS, Inc. REPRESENTING KNOX GLASS, Inc. 29 STILLINCS STREET BOSTON, MASS. Thirteen A New Look On West Coast Bogs by D. J. Crowley (Editor's Note: Dr. H. F. Berg- man's article in the February issue of CRANBERRIES has created much comment and this article from D. J. Crowley, fonner direc- tor of Washing-ton State Cran- beiTy Experiment Station at Long Beach impressed him in that many of the problems of the East and West are similiar. His article in many instances confirms Dr. Berg- man's findings.) Of all the hazards involved in growing cranheiTies, that from frost is perhaps the most feared. During the past twenty years a considerable amount of knowledge has been accumulated about in- sects and diseases of the cran- berry. This knowledge and the availability of effective chemicals makes their control almost rou- tine. Frost has apparently been a problem for farmers since the be- ginning of time. Jacob's words might have been uttered by a cranberry grower when he said, "Thus I was; in the day the drought consumed me and the frost by night; and my sleep de- parted from mine eyes." Genesis 31:40. The loss of sleep by night because of frost or threat of frost is still routine for a cranberry grower. However, a change is in- dicated in the near future as sev- eral Washington growers have in- stalled automatic controls. The sprinklers start at a set temiper- ature and Avill shut off whenever the temperature rises. Dr. Bergman's informative ar- ticle on Frost in the February is- sue of CRANBERRIES should be thought provoking for all cran- berry growers. It was very timely for western growers. I had given similar suggestions to the Gray- land growers at their pre-harvest meeting in August 1960 and to the Long Beach grov^ers at their cran- berry club meeting in September. At those meetings I suggested sprinkling for frost even before the buds showed any growth and under certain conditions during the winter months. My suggestions were made as a result of consider- able frost damage that occurred in early March, 1960. Sprinkling to prevent frost in- jury on cranberry ibogs has for many years been accepted as a necessai-y cultural practice by Pa- cific Coast growers. Unfortunately over the years, a concept has be- come established that sprinkling is necessarj' only after growth has started in the spring. Most of the 1959-60 winter was very mild with no snow and very little frost. The temperature reach- ed a maximum of 60 degrees a few days in Febi-uary. The wea- ther changed during the first week in March and the temperature dropped to 20 degrees several nights. A low of 16 degrees on the bogs was recorded on the night of March 9th. Weather conr ditions during the remainder of the month and early April were normal with no extreme tempera- tures. During the night of April 11th the temperature dropped to 22 degrses. Most growers sprinkled for this frcst as April was gener- ally considered to be in the tender period. Apparently injm-y to the buds had already occurred, because the only bogs that produced a near normal crop were those that had protecction from the March freezes. The vines evidently went into dormancy after the March and April frosts and retained their wintry color until June. They did not blossom until well into July. Normally vines are in the hook stage by the end of May. Examina- tion of the fruit buds prior to blossom disclosed very few dead buds and no apparent injury. After the blossoms opened it was no- ticeable that the terminal growth above the blossoms for next sea- sons uprights had been killed. As high as 30 percent of the blossoms on some bogs were of this so-called cat claw type. Few of the blossoms set berries and those that set were pie berry size at harvest time. This was to be expected as the leaf area that feeds the berries was missing. Most of the previous frost in- jury in this area occurred in April, May or June. However, danu prior to the growing season n have occurred in other years < been overlooked because it ^ less severe. It is quite proba that because of mild winter w ther and fluctuating temperatu that western cranberries are always completely dormant in winter months. Under such c ditions temperatures that wo cause no damage when the vi are dormant may cause severe jury. Therefore the suggestion ^ made that protection may be visable whenever it appears t the temperaiturte may drop to low as 20 degi-ees. Sprinkling 1< enough to ice the hogs o thoroughly would probably be i pie to prevent damage and n be considered as crop insurai It must be clearly understc that sprinkling during the hi or blossom stage should be c tinned until the ice which % formed on the sprinkled vines melted. Otherwise the temperat of the vines may be lowered a i degrees if the ice remains on bog very long after sprinkl Frost control by sprinkling based on the fact that the t< perature of the vines under partly frozen water remains 32 degrees. The latent heat fusion is released when the wa freezes. In 1925 I noted injury to cr berry blossoms in Washington a temperature of 30 degrees. T was reported in Washington St College Experiment Station I letin #196. The duration of frost was not mentioned, and length of the depression is qi important in the amount of inj to be expected. Humidity is i a factor as injury at a given ti peratm-e appears to be more sev when the humidity is low. Whether or not nutrition v. factor in the number of ben which set on each upright has been proved. However, under We ington conditions it is rot unco mon for six or eight berries to ' on McFarlin runners and grow nox-mal size. The new growth the end of the i-unner often is th < or four times longer than on iprigiht. Whether factors other han leaf area are involved has tot yet been determined. Srowers Hear Speakers Tell 9f Marketing •Nearily 400 atteniding ftihe sp-rimg neeting' of (the Gape God Cranibeirry Iroweris' Asisiociiation in Memoriail ["lown Hal, Wareibaon, Tuesday eve- img, h&aird a diilscuisision 'Of vmv'keit- ng aigreemenits foa' the ciianlberry ndusltry. Speakers were itlwo faxxm the Jnited iStaiteis DepaPfement of Agiri>- luifture, De Voe Wiilliard of Ithe 'milt and vegetaible diviisioin, amd ^^lojrd Hedl'und, who explaiiin.ed' tihe narketinig 'agreements; and Miar- ius M. Uxiarai of Hamson, siecretaay- jraaisiiirer lof the Graoiberry Inisti- juite. Mr. Heddumd isaid it had been 25 l^eaffis since Gooigresls empowered :he Dc^piarbmenit of Agriciuiture to inter into marketing lagireements md niia/rketing orders witli induis- kry. He isaid this vviais a mettibod by wthidh Governmen/G aTiid industry 3an ige' was doing to help diis- pose of ithe 1960 crop and what it had done to aid in the crisis of 'the sale of the 1959 crop, follow- ing 'the disastrous press conf erc'nc© of the then Secretary of Heailitih, Education, and Welfare, Arthur D. F lemming. He said the Insitdltate is constantly busy in Washington, renewi'ng old frienidsibips in the aclminisitration and making new ones. He said itibe $10,000,000 Gov- e-rnment indemnity on the 1959 crop had done wonders and per- haps saved the industiry from ex- tinction, bult the damiage had not been repiaired. Therefor*, more beilp was needed on tht 1960 crop. He isaid the purchaising power of Itihe growers had not been fully restored Wbidh was the purpose of the Cran- berry Paymienit Program. He said ^m '^m ^M m^ ^m ^m^ ^k i^ ^m 1 Retain natural flavor i without over-sweetness | AND CORN SYRUPS CORN PRODUCTS COMPANY I Manufacturers of fine products for the food industry . . . and popular Best Foods Division grocery brands for the consumer. I he thoug^ht the indus-try miigiht need half the amount of 1959 to bring- about a successful conclusion to the marketing' of the I960 cro'p. This is what the Institute is work- ing for, he said. Final speaker, Mr. WiliHand showed colored isilides. His ta^lk wsbs on the promotion and advei-tis- mg of cranberries put forward to help the cranbea-ry growers out of the dileanna they are in. He said this was the big'g'est promotion the USDA had ever entered into in a promotion of Plentiful Foods. He said the defpartment had not led the p'rogi';am as the cranberi-y indujstiy itself had shown the way with the bigg-eist advertising and proonotional pi'Og'ram in its his- toi"y. "The industi*^' set the pace, while we helped all we could." He funthe.r explained in detail of tihe vast amount of promotional material which had g-one out from the USD A and how this had been aecpted in large measure by th'e press, newspapers, magazines, and other media -sudh as radio and TV, of school lunches with cranberries in livery state in Dhe Union and how m£ny allied food industries had come to the rescue of the cranberry growers thro'ug' detriimeintal to agricultua-'e in its control of pests than others Whic'h might paiss the legislature. Followin.g- the meeting coffee, doughnuts and cakes were sup- plied by the association. Ocean Spray Growers Get Pay On 1959 Crop A c'heck from the U. S. Depart- ment of Agiriculture, representing final paymi&nit for 1959 cranber- ries under the Cranberry Payment Proigiram, has been received by Ocean Spray Cranbemes, Inc. In- dividiual checks to growei'-mem- beiis weire mailed from the coopera- tive, March 24, aecording to an announcement by President George C. P. Olsson. C. & L. EQUIPMENT CO 191 LEONARD STREET ACUSKNET, MASS. Cranberry Bog Service PRUNING RAKING FERTILIZING WEED TRIMMING Machinery Sales PRUNERS POWER WHEELBARROWS RAKES WEED TRIMMERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS - Large & Small For Fyrther Information Call . . . F. P. CRANDON Rockwell 3-5526 C. J. TRIPP Wyman 5-2013 i^. C. LEONARD Wyman 5-3521 Ocean Spray represents a r,. jjority of the nation's crar. -r: growers and markets approx: . . ly 80^^ of the U. S. cranbeny r Establishmen.t cf the Crar. -; Payment Program was anncr; by the Whdte House on 31 ay 1960, and at that time the St:r tary of Agriculture stated th; the program was undertaken to r; store the purchasing power t growers whose markets were .n paired through no fault of tne: own. The Secretary said that th program was designed in such way as to encourage growei's t continue to market their cranbei ries throug'h established trade chan nels, and thereby help to assui- consumers of continued plentifu supplies of wholesome cranberrie and cranbeiiy products. Funds fc, operation of the program were de lived from customs receipts, at provided in Section 32 of Publi Law 320, 74th Congi-ess. Ambrose E. Stevens, Executiv« Vice President and General Man^ ager of Ocean Spray, stated tha' the government assdsitance made i' possible for the cooperative's mem-l bers to receive S8.68 per ban-el foi their 1959 cranberi-ies. "Althougl this is considerably lowc'r thai the estimiated grower receipt; would have been haid sales con- ditions been noiTnal, "Mr. Steven? continued, " has been the means oJ keeping th© cranberry grower ir business." "Curre^nlt cranbeny sales arc down about 18%, and it it expected that this loss will be reduced dur- ing the coming Easter season, wher cranberi-ies are the popular sauc€ for the Easter ham and turkey. Al- though it may be another year be- fore normally iis fully . neigained, Mr. Stevens stated, "an imipressive recovery has been started." Both Mr. Stevens and Mr. OIssoti expressed the appreciation of Ocean Spray's membership for this badly needed U. S. Department of Agriculture assistance. "Without this help, cranberry groAvers woiild not have been able financially to maintain their bog-s. The final pay- ment could noit have come at a bet- ter time. Oi-aniberry fanners were getting ready to di'aw off the win- ter water, and to begin the spring care wMoh determines the size '.n,d the quality of next fall's crop. ^/itlhout finianicial assistance, pro- [iiction of the traditional native ^ranbei'ry migihit well have disap- ; eared from the American scene." Finall payment to g^rower-mem- •ers was in the sum of $1.58 in- bead of being $1.69 as had be&n stiniated. GovernmeTit deductions or technical reasons amounted to ust under 3 percent. This pay- nent is not as imuch as v.^'ould have \een earned if the announcem«nit of >Jovemher 9, 1959 bad not beem nade. Witlhout Government aid .'inial payment to growers on the 1959 pool would 'have been 90 cents. The NeW' Cranberry Varieties by F. B. Chandler and I. E. Demoranville Recently the Massachusetts Agri- sultural Experiment Station and the United States Department of Agriculture released (peraiitted the growers of such plants to give them away or sell them) three new cranbeiTy varieties. The three were named Bergman, Franklin, and Pilgrim. The Bergman, a cross of Early Black X Searles, is named for Dr. H. F. Bergman who made some of the cranberry crosses which produced the seedlings that have been tested during the past twenty- one years, tested as No. 8, has ex- cellent vines for scooping, uprights medium length holding ben-ies up from ground, runners few; resist- ant to feeding by the leafhopper that spreads the false blossom virus disease (S-12.9), fruit rot less than Early Black or Howes; fruit ripens in mid-season, medium size with cup count 65-80, color red, short pear shape, good to ex- cellent keeping quality, storage shrinkage small, suitable for long storage, yield greater than Early Black or Howes. The Franklin, a cross of Early Black X Howes, is named for Dr. H. J. Franklin, who for many years head of the Cranbei-ry Sta- tion, East Wareham, tested as No. 31, has excellent vines for scoop- ing, uprights medium length, run- ners few and short; plants resist- ant to feeding by the leafhopper that spreads the false blossom virus disease (S-13.7), fnxit rot no more than Early Black or Howes; fruit ripens early, medium size with cup count 57-90, color red to very dark red, ben-ies nearly round, good to excellent keeping quality, yield greater than Early Black or Howes. The Pilgrim, a cross of Prolific X McFarlin tested as No. 17, has heavy vines, prolific bearer, par- ticularly on peat bottom land; medium number of runners, up- rights medium to long, resistant to feeding by the leafhopper that spreads the false blossom \nrus (S-12.4), fruit rot no more than Early Black and Howes; fruit ri- pens late, large size with cup count 43-66, berries long oval, purplish red with a yellow undercolor and a bloom, good keeping quality, yield greater than Early Black or Howes. These varieties are recommend- ed for trial in areas where false blossom virus is especially serious. While these varieties were se- lected particularly for Massachu- setts conditions, we have some information on their behavior in other sections. Bergman has been grown only on the West Coast (Lulu Island, Canada) and it has done very well there. Franklin has been grown in all major producing sections and in general does well in locations where Early Black has done well. Pilgrim has been tested in all major producing sections and is liked by some Wisconsin growers, however it has not done well in Lulu Island. Of the earlier named varieties, Beckwith does well in Oregon and Stevens grows well in Wisconsin. Growers on the West Coast should realize that the Washington Experiment Station is also testing iselections, two of which seem promising. Famed Whitesbog Warehouse Partly Destroyed By Fire The famed, huge cranben-y ware- house of the J. J. White Company at Whitesbog, New Jersey was bad- ly damaged by fire of not immed- iateily-detei-mined origin about mid- night the night of March 8. Loss was set at approximately S100.09. This building, one of the largast of bog buildings in the cranberry industry and dating back from, many years ago is two-isitory high and 900 feet long. About 300 feet in the cenJtral section of the struc- ture were burned. Firemen from five adjacent com- munities finally got the fire out saving both ends of the building, including the seotioai which contains the office of the company. Josepih Darlington, pres-Jdent of the White company praised the work of the firemen. Fire was discovered about 11:30 by Charles Bell, head me'chanic for the White company who was re- turning home to Whiteslbog and was going across the long dike leading to it wlhen he saw the flames. According to B^el no one had been in the builddng for several days as far as was known. There is sp'ecula:tion it might have been caused by an unautihorized person dropping a ligihted cigaret or a match in the building. The siecition of the building de- stroyed contained the firm's entire cranbiWTy sorting set-up, GO tons of fertilizer, blueberry madhineiry and other equipment. SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES Pannkuk Heads Indian Trail, Inc, Ben Pannkuk of Wisconsin Ra- pids, Wiisconisin has been named ■president and general manager oi Indian Trial, Inc., Wisiconisdn Ra- podis marketers of fresh and fa-ozen Wisoonsin beirries. Other new offi- cers are William Huffman of Wi^s- ccnsiin Rapids, vice presidenit and Richard S. Brazeau, also of 'he Rapids as secretary-ta'easurer. Pannkuk has been in the food field for 35 yeans, joining Indian Trial in 1953 as sales and promo- tion manager. He purchased an imitereslt in the firm in 1955. Aflteir beg^imniiinig his caireer as a Isatlesmnan wiitih Gamtoie Bofoiln/s'O'n at Watenloo, Iowa, he miaTiiaig'ed 'brarDches of tih'at fh-m at Rochester and Auisltin, MiiiaiiesiOfta and Estea*- ville, Iowa. In 1946 he joined the Plieimng Compiany at To>peka, Kan- sais as dep'aaitmemt head in chai^ge Off procuireTnenit and siailes o-f fresh fruift and veg-eftaWes and frozen fooids for all brancheis. Mr. PanTiikuik says that some oi-- gianflza/tiomail ohamiges wiM be made 'iin fch'e near fuiture. Benjamin C, Savary Benjamin OMfton Savary, 87, of Main Sitreet, Wareham, Maisis., a well] kniown crainberry gi-ower for many years died saiddenlly the niig^hit of April 6itlh. The e.nd oame ait Mea- dowibrook NiDr'siiinig- Homie in West Carver, where he had been a pa- ti-ent somce January. Deaitlh was at- itribuited to a heart attacik. He was a Mfejlong riesiident of Wareham. As well as being in the cranberry buls/iines.'s be was one time profmdmenjt in tJhe oyster in- dusltry, ownimg' his own granibs. He wais an inlslpieiotor for New England Oraniberry Sakis Company for miore thian 30 years. He wais a 50-year memlber of the Odd Fellows anid a mieanlber of the defumict Lotos Oluib of Warehjam. He attemded the Firsft Ooinigreiga- ttioinJail Cihtur^dh of Wiarehiam. Surviviinig is a dauglhiter, Mrs. Henbert A. Sufddard, Wareham, a broth^er, W. C. Salary of East WareJham, two gramdidhiildre'n amid (three great girlandelhildren. His wife, Mrs. Hartitie (Voise) Siavary died a few monrtihs ago. HONEYBEES TO BE SCARCE IN MASS? "Fruit Notes" monithlly publioa- itdon prepareid by (the pomology staff Department of Horticulture, University of 'Massadhusetts in its March issue said winter loesses of ihoney ;l>ees are expected to be above norma)!. "All availaJble information in- ddcates that the lossfes of fbe'es dur- ing the igeO^Sl winter will -be above normal," the buUetin says. "Sudh losses result from lexcess consumption of stores, greatei" ac- tivity within the winter cluster and EigbWea ' dyseintei'y. If, in addition, we have a ilaite slprirug, we can exrpedt many more weakened oi' dead coilonies. "Growers who depend on rented codoniies for poillimation would do well to contact beekeepers s'oon to make certain ithat sufficient colon- ies will bte availaMe ... In an emergency package bees can be used for pollination, but they are far inferior on the basis of weigSht of adult bees to over wintered colonies. If ipaekaige bees are to be used, they slhould ibe oi'dered suffi- cienibly in advance sio that they can be in'stalleid in hives at least a mo'ntfh before bloom, and they sihouM be fed isugar syrup. "Fruit igrowers w*ho own their own colonieis would do well to check them by lifting one end of the hive. Light weight colonies can be fed dry sugar or candy. As warmer weather approaches, sugar syi-up is preferable." JIM GEORG AGAIN TO GIVE WISCONSIN FROST WARNINGS Wisconsin frost wai^ninig siervice wi!ll staat as usual May 1 and con- tinue twice daily untill October 15, wiitih Jim Georg, nieteoiroilogist in Charge. The foreoasits are carried by almost 25 radio and TV stta- tion®, oine daily xadiio report on a mation-wide hook-uip. It is iheild an uniMmited amount of advertis- ing comes aibout as a result of the The Wisco'nsin dharge is 60 cents per acre. CRANBERRY KELP PICKLES" From Bandon, Oregon, that western center of cranberry grow- ing comes news of a new cran- berry product. Acconding to the "Banidon Western World," tlhis is k'dlp (Nereocystia leuteana) or "Pickles from the ,Sea." The new product is still in thie exiperiimental staige. Kelp is wiasihed asbore in great quantities at Ban- don. According to Hazel Codg-rove, owner of Hazel's Cranlberry Kiitclh- en this has giieat possibilities Avhen comlbined with cranberry juice. A few sample jars have been pre- pared. The o.riiginal recipe for jwcklins: kel|p' was i-eceived by Mrs. grove, and this has been ehar by the use of oranberry juice pittl Hng syi-up, and besides the crarj berry juice the product contair leonon and stick cinnamon. "These picMes," says Mrs. Co grove add a spicy flavor to th j menu of coo'ks and the pickles arj rich in iodine." CRANBERRY SALAD INDIENNE The cranberry salad Indienn which was served in Washingto last month to both houses of Con gress was made by the followins recipe : 1 pkg. apple-flavored gelatin, cup hot water, 1 can (1 lb.) who!' cranberry sauce, 2 tablespoon light brown sugar, 1 tablespooi vinegar, V* cup finely chopped al monds, M teaspoon garlic salt, '4 teaspoon ginger, Vs teaspoon rec peper. Dissolve gelatine in hot water Chill until partially set. Combine remaining ingredients and folc into partially set gelatin. Pom into 1 quart mold. Chill until firm Unmold on lettuc. Makes 6 serv ings. CRANBiiRRIES ALWAYS A HEALTHFUL BERRY The cranberi-y is and always wi' be a fine und healtnlul berry; ways has been, even in Indian dayoj when it was used for just abouti e\-erything that ailed an Indian. Among many sovereign uses, it was made into a poultice and ap- plied to wounds. Perhaps the rec and shiny berry still may prove efficacious in the binding up 0I wounds, economic as well as phy- sical. ((Food Marketing in New England, Winter issue of publica- tion of First National Stores. CRANBERRIES PROVIDES A NEEDED MEDIUM OF INFORMATION FOR ALL GROWERS fidif^al^ ISSUE OF APRIL 1961 VOL. 25 - NO. 12 Most engrossing in subject now to the cranberry industry is the question if the growers will again receive government aid in the disposing of the 1960 record crop. Although it is understood sales of processed foods have improved since the first of the year and the Easter campaign of Ocean Spray was successful, it becomes more evi- dent there will be a surplus remaining by the time the 1961 crop is harvested. This may run up to as many as 400,000 barrels. The Cranberry Institute or its repre- sentatives, Messrs. Colley, Urann and 01s- son are busy in Washington most of the time working on a marketing agreement or other means of surplus disposal. It be- hooves every grower in every state to write to his Congressional representatives re- questing continued aid for cranberries through the United States Department of Agriculture. One of the most interesting of experi- ments as reported in last month's issue of CRANBERRIES, is that of the setting aside of an approximately two-acre section at the Massachusetts State Bog on which no frost at all will be allowed. This is to test, on a practical, commercial basis, the theory of Dr. H. F. Bergman and others that Massachusetts growers have been losing a very considerable proportion of the crop because there was hitherto generally un- suspected frost damages at temperatures at which bogs had been flooded. It is in- tended to never let 32 degrees F hit the section. It has been indicated that as much as half of the potential Massachusetts crop has been lost about every year through frost losses because bogs were not flooded at a sufficiently high temperature. Tem- peratures which were considered safe may not be so, according to the paper of Dr. Bergman. To provide such protection would not be inexepensive to many growers. It would in many cases, mean increased water sup- plies and pumping equipment. And, if the theory is correct there are indications the Massachusetts crop could be doubted on the same acreage. It would be in the cause of more efficient cranberry growing. OLARENCE J. HALL Editor and Publisher EDITH S. HALL— Associate Editor Wareham, Massachusetts SUBSCRIPTIONS, $3.50 Per Year, FOREIGN, $4.50 CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin LEO A. SORENSON CranS>erry Consultant Wisconsin Rapids Wisconsin Washington Dr. CHARLES C. DOUGHTY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. Oregon GRANT SCOTT Coquille, Ore. Massachusetts Dr. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. EDWARD K. KNAPP Barnstable County Agricultural Agent OSCAR S. JOHNSON Barnstable, Mass. We call attention to an article in this issue by Dr. F. B. Chandler and Irving E. New Jersey P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey Demoranville on attempting to produce new crosses of cranberries which would fruit earlier and have a higher sugar con- tent. These crosses, according to the article might achieve a fruit which could be "eat- en out of hand" as are other fruits, al- though it is admitted this is a difficult goal to achieve. This quality might add to the market opportunities, not only as fruit to be eaten raw, but in ripening earlier which might extend the marketing season at that end. SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS READ CRANBERRIES WISCONSIN HEADQUARTERS FOR INSECTICIDES - FUNGICIDES HERBICIDES DUSTS - WETTABLE POWDERS - EMULSIONS Parathion — Malathion Ferbam — Dowpon Liquid and Granular Weed and Brush Killerc Hopkins Agricultural Chemical Co. P.O. BOX 584 MADISON, WIS. Phone Alpine 7-1019 11^. THE FROZEN FOOB CASi MR. GROWER Our Job is working for you. Merchandising and Marketing Wisconsin Grown Cranberries Fresh or Frozen IndioiifniUl FROZEN FRESH WHOLE CRANBERRIES INDIAN TRAIL INC. Wisconsin Rapids WISCONSIN P.O. Box 710 TAX BILL TWICE FOOD BILL As well as most Americans eat today, they'd have to have many more steaks, caviar and prime ribs to spend as much money each year for food as they do for taxes. The Grocery Manufacturers of America recently pointed to figures showing that the nation's tax bill in 1959 exceeded its food bill by 70 percent, if "social insurance contributions" are counted as taxes. Even excluding these, as some analysists recommended, the total federal, state and local tax tab in 1959 topped $106 billion, which is 45 percent more than the $73 billion spent for food. GMA said that even that com- parison does not indicate the dom- inent size of taxes, because at least 20 percent of the food bill itself is made up of "hidden" taxes paid out as cost by those who contribute to the supplying of food. Such taxes are necessarily fig- ured into the price of the food they sell. (Cooperative Digest) GET RESULTS ADVERTISE IN CRANBERRIES SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS FOR SALE SEARLES JUMBO HOWES, McFARLIN Vines for delivery in 1961 $125.00 Ton F.O.B. INTERESTED IN PURCHASING WISCONSIN CRANBERRY PROPERTIES *********** Vernon Goldsworthy B.S. & M.S. University of Wisconsin Cranberry Consultant Fees Reasonable EAGLE RIVER WISCONSIN OUR PRODUCTS DANA MACHINE & SUPPLY Co. Wis. Rapids Wis. MFGS. of: SPRAY BOOMS GRASS CLIPPERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS Getsinger Retracto tooth pickers Dryers DISTR. of: VEE BELTS & PULLEYS ROLLER CHAINS SPROCKETS & BEARINGS CONVEYOR BELTING STEEL Your Foreman Deserves A Subscription to Cranberries; too Strained Cranberry Sauce Whole Cranberry Sauce Cransweets Diced Cransweets Cranberry Apple Sauce Spiced Cranberries Cranberry Chilli Sauce Cranberry Bar-B-Q Sauce Cranberry Orange Relish Cranberry Vinegar Cranberry-Strawberry Preserves Cranberry Juice Cranberry-Cherry Preserves Cran-Beri Cranberry-Pmeapple Preserves Cran-Vari Cranberry-Raspberry Preserves Cran-Puri Cranberry-Rhubarb Preserves Cranberry Puree Cranberry-Gooseberry Preserves Cran-Bake Sliced and Whole Maraschino Cranberries Consumer Size & Bulk Fresh Crahberries Cranberry Products, Inc. EAGLE RIVER, WISCONSIN CORRUGATED CULVERT PIPE and FLOW GATES Felker Bros. Mfg. Co. MARSHFIELD WISCONSIN Phone 230 - 231 WISCONSIN CRANBERRY GROWERS are using more Signature Fertilizer year after year • Pelletized • Homogeneous • Dustless • Free-Flowing • 50 lb. Bags E. RAUH & SONS FERTtLIZER CO. IndianapoEis & Plymouth, Ind. YOU Are reading this ad. Others will read yours in CRANBERRIES Magazine /I I «^ :a\ ^,e*^^ Sto^^ .^(\0^^ ,v'V \o^^^ (^y«..cvl^^' oii*^ e\ . #' \)ft^" .i,eV' \ ^sfc MV^'^j:#^'^'^:icov^^\^,e(^^../ /i^^ 4 ,-:j»^. OCEAN SPRAY CRANBERRIES. INC. I IVING A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY SACHLsr' •^wt ^^■VWHAL cm^mYMAGAZlffB :ape cod new jersey wisconsin OREGON WASHINGTON CANADA iiiiiiiiiiW^^ iiiililiiiilL •\ • • Fff, DAN ARPIN, Wisconsin Man Growing Cranberries in New Jersey. (CRANBERRIES F 35 Cents MAY 1961 DIRECTORY For CRANBERRY GROWERS Wcrcester Paper Box Corporation MEDFORD, MASS. Tel. MYstic 8-5305 Manufacturers of Folding Cartons and Displays WATER WHITE KEROSENE For use on Cranberry Bogs Also STODDARD SOLVENT Prompt Delivery Service Franconia Coal Co. — Inc. — Wareham, Mass. Tel. CY 5-0039 CRANBERRIES MAGAZINE Is... The SOLE Publication Of The Industry Accepting ADVERTISING Wareham Savings Bank WAREHAM and FALMOUTH Savings Accounts Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent Phone CYpress 5-3800 Kimball 8-3000 The CHARLES W. HARRIS Company 26 Somerset Ave North Dighton, Mass. AMES Irrigation Systems Sprinklers Weed killers Insecticides Fung^icides from Cal. Spray Chemical Company Dupont Company The National Bank of Wareham Conveniently located for Cranberry Men Funds always available for sound loans Complete Banking Service EQUIPMENT HAYDEN - SEPARATOR - WAREHAM, MASS. Irrigation Systems PUMPS SEPARATORS - BIOWERS SCREENHOUSE EQUIPMENT DARLINGTON PICKING MACHINES Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK ALFRED PAPPI At Screenhouses, Boss and Pumps Means Satis faetio* WAREHAM. MASS. Tel. CY 5-2000 SUBSCRIBE TO 1 CRANBERRIES Member Federal Deposit Inaurance Corp. KEEP INFORMED ON CRANBERRY NEWS f Attention Growers ! ! THROUGH CRANBERRIES MAGAZINE 1 for i 1 your Spring weed control we offer water white TAKE ADVANTAGE kerosene "GRADE A" of the BETTER things of life. metered trucks The efficient USE OF ELECTRICITY is one of STODDARD SOLVENT these better things — efficient use in power for cran- SUPERIOR berry bog operations, and in the home. FUEL COMPANY Wareham, Mass. Tel. CY 5-0093 Plymouth County Eectric Co. WAREHAM — PLYMOUTIi .„„ „„ „„ ,.„ ,M. ,M, „„ „N „„ M »« ».. CYpress 5-0200 PILgrim 6-1300 — . . . J. W. Hurley Co. • COAL • NEW ENGLAND Tank Truck Service & High - Pressure Spraying COKE WATER WHITE STODDARD • FUEL OIL KEROSENE SOLVENT Water White - KEROSENE - iL J35^ For BOGS I l#ft^^^2^V^^ 1 COLEMAN BOTTLED ft %fmma9m^^ m ^^^"^'^^ f (METERED TRUCKS) GAS ft W^k0^^ ^ ^^^ t AND AIR 24-hour Fuel Oil Service % " INC. 'M CONDITIONING Telephone CY 5-0024 | 341 Main St. WAREHAM | m 6-4545 ^H^aik*!*"'^^'^ CARVER, MASS. 1 VOLTA OIL CO. Distributor of the Famous Touraine Paints Hardware TEXACO SANDVIK WATER WHITE SCYTHES KEROSENE For your Bog (ALSO CALLED FINNISH SCYTHES) STODDORD SOLVENT CARVER SUPPLY CO. Tel. Pilgrim 6-1340 UNioN 6-4480 Plymouth, Mass. Carver, Mass. Rte. 44 Samoset St. Institute Acts On Marketing Agreements Sends Notices and Proposed Draft to Members for Con- sideration The CranbeiTy Institute, under signature of Orrin G. Colley, Presi- dent, has sent out to members a notice concerning the proposed Mar- keting Agreement for cranberries. The notice requests its members make a thorough study and give consideration to the formulation and developing of such a marketing order. It explains what a marketing agreement is. According to the policy set forth by the Congress, marketing agreements are designed to estab- lish and maintain such orderly mar- keting conditions for agricultural commodities as will estabhsh prices to farmers at parity level. In reaching the parity level, cur- rent prices may be corrected as rapidly as the Secretary of Agricul- ture deems to be feasible and in the public interest. The Secretary is authorized to establish and main- tain such minimum standards of FARMERS PRODUCTiON CREDIT ASSOCIATION FEDERAL LAND BANK ASSOCIATION TAUNTON, MASS Box 7 Office Rt. 44 Raynham WARREN R. ARNOLD Manager CRANBERRY PICKING BOXES Shocks, or Nailed Let me repair your broken boxes — or repair them yourself. Stock Always on Hand F. H. COLE Tel. Union 6-3330 North Carver, Mass. quality and maturity and such in- spection and grading requirements as will be in the public interest. Also the Secretary may establish and maintain such orderly market- ing conditions as will provide, in the interests of producers and con- sumers, an orderly flow of supply to market throughout its normal marketing season to avoid unrea- sonable fluctuations in supplies and prices. Those regulated are the handlers. The term "handler" is defined in the marketing agreement and means the persons who market the pro- duct. There is no authority to regu- late a producer. However, if a pro- ducer markets his own product he then becomes a handler and is sub- ject. To establish a marketing agree- ment, there must be a desire on the part of the industry to enter into such a program. A preliminary proposal is drafted for consultation by industry members and groups. General agreement should exist with- in the industry. The proposal which the industry makes is submitted to the Secretary with a request for a public hearing. The request should be signed by members or organizations represent- ing a majority of the industry. Notice is required at least fifteen days prior to the date of hearing and the notice must be published in the "Federal Register." Copies of the notice are mailed to all known growers and handlers. The hearing is held in the area covered by the program and may be held in one or more places for the convenience of the industry. This hearing is presided over by a hearing examiner. All evidence and testimony is taken under oath and cross examination is permitted. The hearing is an important step in the development of the marketing agreement. Any order must be sup- ported by substantial and rehable evidence contained in the hearing record. Following the hearing and expira- tion of a period for filing briefs, the Administrator prepares and files a recommended decision. This report is published in the "Federal Regis- ter" and all interested parties are given a period of time during which to file exceptions. After expiration of time, excep- tions are analyzed and the decision of the Secretary is prepared and announced. The Secretary's decision is pubUshed in the "Register." Then the Marketing Agreement is submitted for approval of growers and handlers. Copies of the agree- ment are sent to handlers for their signature. At the same time a refe- rendum of producers is ordinarilly conducted to determine whether the (Continued on Page 9) A Good Flume Is Your Insurance For A Good Crop Use All Heart Redwood Now Unloading One Car All Heart Redwood 6x8 — 6x6 — 4x6 — 4x4 Planking - Square Edged or Matched 2x6 — 2x8 — 2x10 — 2x12 LET US ESTIMATE YOUR FLUME AND BUILDING NEEDS E. W. Goodhue Lumber Co., Inc. MIDDLEBORO ROAD EAST FREETOWN, MASS Phones Rockwell 3-8811 — Middleboro 1275 Mass. Cranberry Station and Field Notes by J. RICHARD BEATTIE Extension Cranberry Specialist Carl B. Urann Cranberry growers throughout the country extend their deepest sym- pathy to the family of Carl B. Urann of Middleboro, Mass., who passed away April 24. Mr. Urann was one of Dr. Franklin's early assistants at the State Bog. At the conclusion of his service, he recommended that Joe Kelley be his replacement. His extensive knowledge of cranberry ctilture, keen powers of observation, and unusual abihty to supervise men were characteristics that made him a hi'gMy respected leader in our industry. A number of labor-saving devices were developed by Mr. Urann that are still used on bogs today. He was president of the United Cape Cod Cranberry Company for many years and was active in several other cranberry organizations, par- ticularly the National Cranberry As- sociation and Cape Cod Cranberry Growers Association. We at the Sta- tion join his many friends in extend- ing our sympathy at this time. Benjamin C. Savary The cranberry industry lost an- other hig'hly-respected grower and friend in the death of Benjamin C. Savary of Warebam, Mass., on April 6. Mr. Savary's impartial and honest judgement as an inspector for the New England Cranberry Sales Com- pany for over 30 years will long be remembered by our older growers and marketing agents. His integrity was unquestioned. No meeting of the Southeastern Cranberry Club was quite complete v/ithout his atten- dance. We have lost a senior citizen whose friendship we cherished and whose judgement was valued. Our sympathy is extended to his family. Weather Notes New England agriculturists are ex- periencing a rather miserable, cold, wet spring. Planting schedules and general field work have been delayed 10 days to 2 weeks. Cranberry-wise, the retarded spring has caused no serious problem. Bud development has been delayed, but this condition reduced the chances of extensive frost damage even though tempera- tures have dipped below 20° on sev- eral occasions from mid-April through mid-May. The lowest temperature reported during this period occurred April 19 when a reading of 9° was recorded on a Cape bog. Tempera- tures in April averaged about 2° per day below normal, which was suf- ficient to add 2 points to our keep- ing quaUty forecast. Rainfall, on the other hand, was above normal and eliminated any chance for an addi- tional point. As a matter of interest, 5.54 inches of rain was recorded at our Station for April, which was 1.69 inches above normal. The record for April was estabHshed in 1958 when 11.06 inches was measured at the Station. Spring Frosts Six general warnings were released from April through May 17 compared to none during this period in 1960, 2 in 1959, 8 in 1958, and 7 in 1957. These include both the afternoon and evening forecasts. Frost damage to date appears to be negligible. How- ever, temperatures from May 14 through May 17 were well above normal and have caused a rapid change in bud development, and in- creased their susceptibility to frost damage. The response to the telephone an- swering service sponsored by the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers Asso- ciation has been excellent. Many growers are using it and have stated that it is invaluable, particularly those who have bogs in colder loca- GOVERNMENT MONEY The 'fo'lio-wing excerptts from tihe Pilym'OurtJh Gounity 1961 Ajgricuditural Conservation Proigraim Hanidlbook as amiemidleid) t»U wfhiat Federal hekp you. can get cm (pretfaJbricated (flumes. "Practice No. F-l(C) Reorganizing cranbe'rry bog water management systems to conserve water and prevent erosion. "The practice' must be carried out in accordance with a reorganization plan approved by the responsible technician. *** The Soil Conservation Service is responsible' for (1) a finding that the practice is needed and practicable on the farm, (2) ne'cessary site selection, other preliminary work, and layout work of the practice, (3) necessary supervision of the in- stallation, and (4) certification of performance for all require- ments of the/ practice. *'*'* "Eligible measvires : Cost sharing will be allowed for earthwork, materials and protective measures that are' a necessary part of cranberry bog dikes, flumes, canals, and ditches that are' used primarily to conduct water to the bog area, regulate water on he bog area, or return used water from a bog area to storage re'servoir for subsequent re-use.*'** MAXIMUM FEDERAL COST SHARE "50% of the otual cost of approved measures not to exceed: $8.00 per inch of outlet diamate'r for prefabricated flumes." To itake advantage of this, first lof aHl get in touch with your County CommlDttee. Pot Plymouitih County, ihvs dis at the iBiX)ckto-n Court House. When you are all sign^ed ti|p, aind your ipriadtice ap- popoved, for your prefabiricated flume, see RUSSELL A. TRUFANT HYDRAULIC CONSULTANT PREFABRICATED FLUMES BOG RAILROADS UNION 6-3696 North Carver, Mass. tdons. Subscribers to the frost warn- ing service now total 188— an increase of 10 over last year. We were hop- ing to have at least 200. The frost service costs the association money, and unless there are more subscri- bers, the frost assessments will have to be increased another year. Timely Tips for May to Mid-June The following reminders are called to the growers' attention: 1. Early spring pests will soon be with us. The insect net is still the most effective tool for locating wee- vils, cutworms, spanworms, leaf- hoppers, and fireworms. Spargano- this fruitworm can be detected by carefully examining loosestrife for webbed tips. 2. May is a good month to treat brush, poison ivy, and brambles on the uplands, using one of the brush killers. Brush killers should not be used with oil on dikes and shores next to the bog at this time of year because of the damage to the turf. 3. A combination of fuel oil and Kerosene should not be used on"late- water" bogs. In fact, the combina- tion should not be used after mid- May on "early-water" bogs because of serious damage to the vines. 4. Stoddard Solvent treatments fol- lowing "late-water" should be com- pleted within 5 days after the flood has been withdrawn, and within 8 days if kerosene is to be used. Less damage will occur to the vines if For Consistent Dependability with PESTICIDES and FERTILIZER see the man from Eastern States T. C. Ashley, Harry T. Fisher, Jr., .Mididleboa-o James P. Govone, Lawrence H. Ward, E. S. Service Center E. Freetown Tel. Rockwell 3-5713 Te!l. Middileiboro 2133-W Fo.restdiaile Tel. Garden 8-4393 P'bnmouth Te^l. Pilgauto 6-0970 Birockton Tel. Junijper 6-4055 E. S. Service Center, New Bedcord Tel. Wyman 6-5202 E. S. Service Center, Taunton Tel. Van Dyke EASTERN STATES FARMERS EXCHANGE Headquarters: West Springfield, Massachusetts s ^^ Brewer & Lord INSURANCE 40 Broad Street, Boston, Mass. ARTHUR K. POPE HORACE H. SOULE CONVERSE HILL CHARLES M. CUTLER WILLIAM B. PLUMER EBEN A. THACHER ROBERT A. SULLIVAN HERBERT R. LANE EDWARD H. LEARNARD VINCENT M. WILSON JOHN B. CECILL, JR. Serving the People of New England Since 1859 these treatments are made when temperatures are below 65'. 5. A number of bogs examined this spring would benefit from an application of fertilizer, particularly where heavy crops were picked last fall or where vine cover is thin, or where damage has occurred. LAWLESS HONORED BY COMMERATIVE SCROLL Richard J. Lawless of Wisconsin Rapids, Wisiconsin was honored by Ccean Spray Cranberries, Inc., at r. meeting of the boai'd of directors cf that cooperative at Hansen, Mass., May 12. Mr. Lawless, one of the five directors from Wisconsin, is retiring from the board after four years of service. He is president of the Wood Coun- ty National Bank in Wisconsin Rapids end is also president of the 100-acre Gay nor Cranberry Company in Cran- moor. He has served on the board's finance committee during his direc- torship. He was presented with a com- memorative scroll in tribute to his service by Ocean Spray president, George C. P. Olsson cf Plymouth, Mass. FRESH CRANBERRIES IN MAY Cranberry Producjts, Inc., of Eag'le River, Wisconsin in early May took in a semi-load of fresh cranberries from the Johnson bogs on Long Is- land, N. Y. The berries were in good shape, showing how long fresh crrnberries can be held without freez- irg under proper storage conditions. READ CRANBERRIES Western Pickers Parts and Repairs Agent for 1960 Model ORDER NOW J. E. BRALEY & SON MACHINE SHOP 78 Gibbs Ave. Waj-eham, Mass. HAVE YOUR REPAIRS DONE NOW Issue of May 1961 - Vol. 26 No. 1 Published monthly at Th^ Courier Print Shop, Main St.. Wareham. Massachusetts. Subscriptions $3.51 per Second Class Postage Paid at Wareham, Massachusetts Post Office. FRESH FROM THE FIELDS Compiled by C. J. H. MASSACHUSETTS April Started Cold The first ten days of April were somewhat colder than normal for a spring month, with much cloudi- ness. Temperatures on the 10th were a minus 8 degrees for the month. Mid- April continued mostly cold and cloudy and growers in parts of the cranberry area awakened the morning of the 13th to find a light sprinkUng of snow on the bogs. The 19th brought more snow flurries all day and the temperature reading at that time for the month was a minus 65. or more than three degrees a day. First Frost Warnings First frost warnings of the season went out on the afternoon and even- ing of April 19, followed by one on the following afternoon and evening. For the 19th the Cranberry Station had figured 13 to 14 for the after- noon and 15 at night. There were a number of reports of below 15 degrees from cold spots. There was one of 9 on the Cape, a number of reports at 11 and 12. On the night of the 20, 17 was figured and that is what the thermometer reached at cold bogs. Month Colder The month ended 57 degrees, or nearly two a day colder than the average for the entire month. There was a lot of cloud, but siinshine is not an important factor in pro- duction for the month of April. Frost loss for the month was set down as zero at the Cranberry Station. AprU Wet Month April was also a wet month. There was a total of 5,54 inches of pre- cipitation as recorded at the East Wareham Cranberry Station. Aver- age is 3.85 inches. April a Good Month April on the whole was a good month for the coming production. With no frost losses, there was am- ple rainfall, and the cold weather added two points to the expected keeping quality, which had been low- er than last year to that time. Bogs Backward Vine growth was backward, due to the weather. It was the first of May before the bogs started green- ing up to any amount and the buds started to swell. There is a good bud set in the opinion of Dr. C. E. Cross, director of the Cranberry Station and as of first of May he anticipated a good crop for Massa- chusetts. It can scarcely, however, be expected to equal last year's bumper production when weather conditions were more nearly per- fect than in a good many years. Also those bogs which cropped hea- villy last year, as did most, may be expected to "rest" a little this year. There has also been much sanding done, last fall, last winter on the ice and in the spring. This factor, too, may have a tendency to cut the crop somewhat. NEW JERSEY April Cold and Wet The weather in April was much colder and wetter than usual. The average temperature was 47.8°F., which is 4.1° colder than the norm. The average daily maximum tem- perature of 59.9° was only the third time that this figure has been below 60° in April in 32 years. April showers occurred on 12 of the 30 days of the month and the total precipitation was 4.87 inches. This is 1.46 inch more than normal for the month. Through March and AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS FERTILIZERS TOOLS R. F. MORSE & SON CRANBERRY HIGHWAY WEST WAREHAM, MASS. CY 5-1553 BOG SERVICE _ AGENT FOR WIGGINS AIRWAYS April our accumulated rainfall has been 10.05 inches, about three inches more than normal. The growing season is consider- ably behind the normal. Early blue- berry varieties just started to bloom strongly in early May, which is at least ten days later than usual. The wet, cool weather is poor for pol- lenation and this is causing anxiety as winter damage has already re- duced the crop potential. Most cranberry bogs in early May were still under water. A frost warning on the night of April 29 caused reflooding of the few bogs in the State that had the water removed. Temperatures on that night on cranberry bogs were about 26°F. Frost Answering Service At a recent meeting of the Ameri- can Cranberry Growers' Association it was decided by unanimous vote to make the frost warning service to cranberry growers a function of that organization. A committee comprised of Isaiah Haines, Joseph Palmer, C. E. Budd and Philip Marucci was appointed by President Anthony De- Marco to work out a method of ex- tending frost information to growers. This committee has met with Wea- ther Bureau officials at Atlantic City and a system has been worked out in which the information will go from the Weather Bureau to the committee and then be dispensed to members through an answering serv- ice. No direct calls will be made to growers as in previous years. The responsibility of getting the informa- tion rests on the individual grower, who has only to dial a telephone number to receive this information. There will be two messages re- corded on the answering service SHARON BOX COMPANY, INC. ESTABLISHED 1856 SHARON, MASSACHUSETTS We Will Buy Your White Pine Lo«», Either Standiiig or Cut • Higrhest Prices Paid • Sawmill located at North Carver, Mass. )p in at North Carver, or Phone Sharon, Sunset -'.-8021 Hold full flavor in your cranberry pack daily; one at 2 p.m. and one at 9 p.m. In addition growers can obtain frost information on the regular wea- ther broadcasts at stations WTTM, Trenton, WSNJ, Bridgeton and WFPG Atlantic City. Association Elects At the annual meeting of the American Cranberry Growers' As- sociation on April 6th the following officers were elected: President, Clarence J. Worth; First Vice presi- dent, Stephen Lee; Second Vice Presi- dent, C. E. Budd; Secretary, P. E. Marucci; Treasurer, Paul Eck. Dr. Paul Eck replaces Charles A. Doehlert, who served many years 'a^ Secretary-Treasurer and for the past two years after his retirement as Treasurer. Mr. Doehlert was com- mended by resolution of the Associa- tion for his devoted work for the organization over a long period of time. Dr. Eck is Mr. Doehlert's suc- cessor as horticulturist in cranberry and blueberry investigations. PRODUCTS COMPANY Manufacturers of fine products for the food industry . . . and popular Best Foods Division grocery brands for the consumer. WASHJNCTON April Continued Wet The month of April continued to be rainy. There was 7.37 inches as mea- sured at Long Beach and there were only nine days when no measurement of precipitation v/as made. Frost alarms were sounded on 8 different occasions, the lowest temperature on the bogs being 24 degrees on April 5. Humidity varied between 2 and 100 and the maximum temperature was 64. Excellent Bud Set The vines on the wdiole have an ex- cellent set and it appears as though there will be a very good crop, pro- viding the frost reason is gotten through satisfactorily. Most of the 'cuds appear healthy, in fact parti- cularly healthy, as is generally the case after a low crop year. First Fungicide Spray Some of the growers had put on one fungicide spray, but as May came in no fireworm had been noted. Some of the growers were still plant- ing new vines. A lot of dike work •has been progressip.g and similar maintenance activities. Charles C. Doughty, superintendent of the Coas- tal Washington Experiment Station at Long Beach noted that some twig blight has shown up again this year, (Continued on Page 18) FRESH FRUIT QUALITY STUDIES 1960 By J. Richard Beattie and Irving E. Demoranviile Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Massachusetts Interest in quality control pro- grams has been steadily increasing over the last several years. For example, oniy 56 acres of bog were treated with fungici-.les in Massachu- setts to control fruit rots in 1946, comprrrcd to about 600 acres treated in 1955/1. A car&M estimate made by Dr. Bert Zuckerman indicates that 700 acres were treated in 1957, 3000 acres in 1958, 2000 acres in 1959, and about 12C0 acres in 1960. In addition to the use of fun£ficides, there are several o±er practices dosely in- volved with quality that are receiving greater attention. More time is being spent training picking machine operators, the speed of the machines is being reduced, and the result is less bruisirxg of the ber- ries. Greater attention is being given to keeping quaUty forecasts, the prober use of fertilizers, as well as to improving water management such as better drainase, faster re- moval of frost flows, and careful use of irrigation water. These factors all piay an important role in improving the quality or shelf life of fresh cran- berries. The need fo; better quality was brought to the attention of the industry as a result of a market sur- vey made in 1955/2. Considerable im- provement has been realized, which is most encouraging. There is, however, another area that we have been exploring as a part of our fresh fruit studies. The fact is recognized that Massachusetts growers are losing too many berries in their harvesting operation. A rea- sonable estimate might be 15 per- cent of the Massachusetts crop. Water harvesting could eliminate mulch of this loss but at the present time only a very limited acreage in Massachusetts has the necessary flooding facilities. However, the acreage coiild be increased if the re- turns justified such a radical de- parture from our present harvesting method. There is evidence that water harvesting does less mechanical damage to the vines, and as a result they tend to produce larger crops. Detailed information has been lacking concerning these questions, particu- larly the shelf life of water-picked fruit handled under our conditions. With these questions in mind, a study was designed last fall 5526 Wyman 5-3521 C. J. TRIPP Wyman 5-2013 Results — 1960 Five lots of cranberries were screened and packaged during the season (3 Early Blacks, 2 Howes). Eight 1-pound packages of berries were analyzed immediately after packaging from each lot of Early Blacks and 4 packages from each lot of Howes. These constituted the pack- ing h3use samples -snd were checked to determine how well the screening operation had been performed. A total of 32 samples were analyzed with an average of 3.o percent unus- able berries per sample (Table I). A total cf 224 retail samples were analyzed during the poriod from Oc- tober 14, 1960, to Ja'VLiary 30, 1961. Of these, 168 samples were Early Blacks and 56 were Howes. The average percent unasable berries per retail sample was 8.5 (Table I). This figure includes all samples re- gardless of variety or treatment. However, the Howes sample showed a high percentage of unusable ber- ries (15.3), which was due in part to a large amount of physiological breakdown in the last lot; 35 per- cent of all unusable berries in this lot were from this cause. The Early Elc-cks used in this year's test were of exceptionally good quality. The effect of fungicide treatment On keeping quality onder retail con- ditions is shown in Tnble II. The fun- gicide used was maneb. The figures for Early Blacks shov/ that fungi- cide treatment redvjr-.ec the amount of unusable berries per sample by about 20 percent. Conversely, Howes did noi. seem to derive any beasfit :n "shelf -life" frcm fungicide treatment; howevet, this may b2 due to field varirticn as it is no' in a£re2men': with results found in other years, liie frealest value from fungicide treat- ments would appear to be the abiity to control field and storage rots. There was a 53 percent reduction in field rots and a 41 percent reduction in storage breakdown on berries treated with the fungicide used in this year's study. This has been noted in 3ther years also. A comparison ci tlie two methods of harvesting is stov/ii in Table III. These figures are only for the Early Black variety, as there was not a sufficient area of Howes available rt the State Eog this year for -.vatcr harvesting. The figures shew /na: berries harvested in water had .7 o' one percent more unusable berries per sample than the cci.ventiona'l dry harvested berries. This is an ex- tremely small difference; however it should be pointed out that the Ear- ly Blacks used were of very good ruaUty. In znrAyzing ihe samples for fungicide and non-fungicide treat- ment in relation to the methods cf harvest, it should be noted that the lungicide treatment gave a smaller TABLE I No. Av. Wt. Cup "" %" (gm.) Count Unus. Packing House 32 472.8 106.6 3.3 Retail 224 469.7 109.2 8.5 E. B. 168 466.9 110.9 6.2 H. 56 478.2 104.1 15.3 TABLE n Treatment No. Av. Wt. Cup % (gm.) Count Unus. E. B. - Tr. 84 469.3 113.5 5.5 Untr. 84 464.4 103.4 7.0 H. -Tr. 28 478.6 107.1 16.8 Untr. 28 477.8 101.2 13.9 TABLE in Treatment No. Av. Wt. Cup % (gm.) Count Unus. Wet 84 463.0 108.9 6.6 Dry 84 470.8 112.9 5.9 Wet — Tr. 42 465.7 111.3 5.6 Untr. 42 460.2 106.5 7.5 Dry — Tr. 42 473.0 115.6 5.4 Untr. 42 468.6 110.2 6.4 percentage of unusable berries per sample regardless of method of har- ve.st. The most encouraging aspect cf Table III, however, is the fact that there is essential!" no difference between the percentage of unusable berries for either method of harvest- ing when these berries had bee:i treated with fungicide. This section on methods of harvest is in the na- ture- of a preliminary report an.: should not be considered conclusive. More vv^ork on this phase will be done in the future. Msrketing Trips and Observations Two trips were made to Cinctnna i r:vi De roit last fall to secure addi- (13 -al information on the shelf life c': frech fruit, as well as movement. i.:'ril prices and observations of the (race, particularly customer reaction (0 the new crop. The first trip was rjsde in early November to inspect the ccndition of Early Blacks neav the end of then' normal season. Cases of frcs.i fruit were examined at the terminal market. Samples were pur- chrse:' In approximately iO stores in each city and were carefully exam- ■:.e± These inspec*:ions showed a ■r-^nze of unusable fruit from 1-15 rerc^ii^ or an average of 7 percent - the lo'.vest percent of uniisable fruit £mce these studies began in 1955. The second trip to the above cities v.-as made in early December to se- cure information on the market clean-up after the holiday, shelf life cf Howes, price and reaction of the trade to the "come-back" made by cur industry after the fiasco of a year ago. Careful examination of samples collected in the same stores showed a range of 5-38 percent unus- able berries in the Howes variety, or an average of 13 percent — the same percentage shown in 1959. i^Iany trade representatives were interviewed in each city and specific comments and observations were nc'.ed as they pertained to quality, merchandising, price and movement. It was apparent that the trade was pleased with the quality of the 1960 crop, polyethlene ts a packaging film and the sales of fresh fruit which had equalled or slightly ex- ceeded 1958 levels. Proceessed sales, on the other hand, ran somewhat behind 1958. These observations were consistent with a retail survey made 3. The Scoop, Vol. IV. No. 1. Jan. 27, 1961, pages 5,6. Eight for the cranberry industry/3. The clean-up after the holiday was ex- cellent in the above cities. In fact, the terminal markets were complete- ly out of fresh fruit the day before Thanksgiving. Retail prices averaged lower than in 1959. A number of re- tailers again suggested that more vision would be desirable dn the fresh fruit packages. There was com- plete agreement that cranberries had made a remarkable recovery, the scai'e was virtually over, and substi- tute food items would have an ex- tremely difficult task of replacing cranberries on the holiday menu. Summary 1. Fungicide treatment reduced the amount of unusable berries per sam- ple, under retail conditions, by about 20 percent. 2. Fungicide treatment reduced field rot by 53 percent, and storage losses by 41 percent. 3. Cranberries that were harvested by the conventional method had less than 1 percent fev/er unusable ber- ries per retail sampfle than those Iharvasted in water. 4. There was no difference in un- usable berries per retail sample be- tween water harvested and dry hav- vested berries when treated with funigicides. 5. Some retailers believe that more virion in our fresh fruit packages v/:uld be highly desirable. This ob- servation has been noted in previous studies. 6. Polyethylene as a film for fresh cranberries is well liked by the trade. 7. Substitute food items will have an extremely difficult task replacing crrnlberries on the holiday menu. P?]JTITUTE ACTS (Continued from Page 2) proposal is supported ly proaucers. If the handlers sign the agreement and producers approve the issuance of the order, the Secretary may issue an order making the terms of the marketing agreement effective upon the entire industry. The order is published in the "Register" on a specified date. The Institute has also sent out a draft of a proposed agreement which it states is for discussion only and does not have the approval of any person, agency or organization. This defines production areas as Massachusetts, Wisconsin, New Jer- sey, Oregon and Washington. It pro- poses the establishment of a cran- berry Marketing Committee consist- ing of seven members each to have an alternate. Each of the five states shall have at least one member. The term of office shall begin September 1 and end the last day of August. Any cooperative marketing organi- zation which is the handler of more than two-thirds of the total volume shall nominate four growers and alternates. At least one such shall be a grower in Oregon or Washing- ton. One shall be a grower from Massachusetts, New Jersey and Wis- consin. The marketing committee shall have the power to administer the provisions, to investigate complaints of violations. It shall select a chair- man, and other officers. The Committee, with the approval of the Secretary of Agriculture may establish marketing research and development projects designed to assist, improve or promote market- ing distribution and consumption of cranberries. It may give estimated total production, the expected gen- eral quality and the carryover as of September 1 of frozen cranberries and cranberry products. When the Secretary has fixed the free tonnage and surplus tonnage percentages each handler shall set aside and hold for the account of the committee a portion of each lot of cranberries he acquires. The Committee shall set-aside cranberries for the account of the committee. The Committee may sell or dispose of cranberries set-aside for the account of the committee to any outlet other than normal out- lets, including new i^es or new geographical outlets at the best terms. The act under which the agree- ments operate is PubUc Act No. 10 of the 73rd Congress, May 12, 1933, as reenacted and amended. OCEAN SPRAY STILL WORKING ON "CLICKIN" WITH CHICKEN H. Drew Flegal, director of Pro- motion and Advertising at Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. is hard at work on Ocean Spray's "Clickin' with Chicken" promotion. There will be four-color ads in the July and August issues of leading women's magazines. HELICOPTER tmST CONTROL I I NORWOOD, MASS. M DUSTING and SPRAYING RAY MORSE, Agent TEL. CY 5-3928 Nine For higher yields and cleaner cranberries Control fruit rots with one of these effective Du Pont fungicides FERMATE ferbam fungicide PARZATE zineb fungicide (R) MANZATE maneb fungicide ZERLATE ziram fungicide Now Du Pont offers four highly effective fungicides for control of fungus diseases in cranberries. "Fermate", Manzate", "Parzate" or "Zerlate" all are outstanding for the control of fruit rots on the vines and reduction of rot while in storage. These fungicides may be applied by conventional or concentrated sprayers and are tough on rot, but mild on the plants. "Manzate" is outstanding also for control of twig blight of cranberries in Washington and Oregon. See your dealer for full information and your supply of "Fermate", "Manzate", "Parzate" or "Zerlate". Get greater yields and higher quality in your cranberries by stopping fruit rots now. On all chemicals, follow label instructions and warnings carefully (mM> " EG. U. S.PAT. OFF. L f. du Pont de Nemours & Co. (Inc.) Industrial and Biochemicals Department Wilmington 98, Delaware Better Things for Better Living Tlnough Chemistry Ten Wise. Man Making Good In Cranberries And Blueberries In New Jersey by Clarence J. Hall DAN ARPIN WHO COMES OF WISCONSIN CRANBERRY BLOOD HAS HAD EXTENSIVE HOLDINGS IN THE PINES, — MRS. ARPIN ACTIVE IN THE BUSINESS A comparative newcomer to the New Jersey cranberry and blueberry industry is Dan Arpin of Jones Mill Road, Chatsworth, Burlington County. Mr. Arpin is of Wisconsin cranberry-growing antecedents. His father, the late A. P. Arpin, had extensive bogs near Cranmoor in Wisconsin and was one of the better-known Wisconsin pioneer growers of the Wisconsin Rapids cran- berry area. Dan, himself was bom in Wisconsin Rapids. He came East as sales manager for eastern office of a Wisconsin paper mill. He used to come down to New Jersey from New York to go duck hunting with friends from Philadelphia. As early as 1940 he began buying land in the Pine area of New Jersey for development purposes. He bought about 7,000 acres for this purpose. In 1954 he got into the pulpwood and cedar lumber business, in which he continued an interest until about a year ago when he got out of that business. A Grower About 10 Years As cranberries were in the family blood and they appeared to him to be a good investment he became interested in the New Jersey branch of cranberry culture and began build- ing a bog about ten years ago. Sev- en years ago, when the cultivated blueberry business was so greatly expanding he entered that business also. He continued to build his cran- berry bogs over a period of several years and not all of them have yet reached maturity. His rate of pro- duction, he says, for his full-bearing bogs is about 70 barrels to the acre, much above the general New Jersey average. Beautiful House in the Wilderness He has lived in the Jersey wilder- ness in a sumptious house built of logs since 1946 calling this "Ducks' Roost." He has made his home there the year aroimd except when he is traveling. This is built of native ce- dar logs cut from his own property. He mined the fieldstone for a huge fireplace. There are unusual wooden hinges on all doors and windows, which were built by hand. An enormous picture window looks out over a portion of Shoal Branch \ which he widened to provide a bath- iing pool. The home is warmed by radiant heating in the floor. I A lot of vision went into the build- of this commodious home in the .j wilderness. There are no neighbors anywhere near. There is much wild life. Both Mr. and Mrs. Arpin en- joy nature and they say they get much pleasure from watching the wild life as it comes around their log home, particularly as seen about the pool from their picture window. The property consists of 400 acres of land, with 70 acres set to cran- berry vines and 26 to blueberries. The bogs are a very clean, beautiful planting. He produces annually about 10,000 flats of blueberries of 12 pints each. He has early, mid-season and late varieties. His bogs are set to all Early Blacks. Ample Water Supply All his water supply, which is ample, comes from Shoal Branch, all by gravity. This is sufficient for both his cranberry and Blueberry holdings for both frost and irrigation. His bogs he calls "gravel" bottom with muck on top. He engaged a very efficient fore- man, Hector Nicholson who comes from the Island of Jamaica in the Caribbean. He has a crew of two workmen the year around. He has a battery of three Darlington pickers for har- vest. He has a small and light truck with dual wheels, large size both Hubbard Th INSECTICIDES • FUNGICIDES HERBICIDES ARE AVAILABLE ON THE CAPE FROM R. C. Mossman - Horticultural Sales West Bridgewater, Mass. Representing e HUBBARD-HALL CHEMICAL CO. Waterbury, Conn. Eleven front and back to pick up the hai*- vest sacks. Tliis he runs directly on the bog. He utilizes airplane for spraying insecticides and to fertilize his bogs. He controls rot with a ground spray, a service provided by Edward Lip- man of Ocean Spray. He sells his crop through Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. and his blue- berries through the Tru-Blu-Berry cooperative. Mrs. Arpin Active In Business Mrs. Arpin who was trained as an accountant keeps the books for the enterprise. Mrs. Arpin is very active in the business and often takes part in the discussions of the blueberry cooperative. His equipment besides the Darling- ton pickers includes a sorting house at Chatsworth and a dragline shovel tractors and trucks. "I like cranberries in preference to blueberries," he asserts. "Blue- berries are a year-round task with a lot of work to be done. Labor at harvest and at other times is con- siderable of a headache." To bring !in labor he has bought two buses which bring in 40 or 50 pickers from Philadelphia daily. i| He feels that the growing of blue- berries involves a great deal of work in proportion to the prices at which they sell. He feels that if the market could be expanded into the west the surplus of market supplies could be cut down and that the whole crop would bring better prices. Confident In Future He has confidence in the future of the New Jersey cranberry indus- try. "I kind of think," he says, "that the cranberry industry will pull along. I really think, however, there is over-production in cranberries in Wisconsin and the West Coast." Mr. Arpin, however, with his beau- tifully kept bogs and handsome blue- berry planting does not seem to be in general discouraged with his out- look. SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES FOR BETTER PEST CONTROL Use these reliable GENERArtHEMICAl products: DDT Malathion Parathion Ferbam Zineb hemical GENERAL CHEMICAL DIVISION 40 Rector Street, New York 6, N. Y. Showing the handsome log Arpin home iu the Jersey VVil demess. (CRANBERRIES Photo) '■<.> s»«.>^!i. 'if>vim<. A view of the luxuriously-vined Dan Arpiii bog. (CRANBERRIES Photo) Death Takes Carl B. Urann Carl B. Unanin, for miany years !a well-kniowin residienit of Ware- haJiii anid formeTdy proimkiieirDt a® a cranbenry grower and in oranibeinry affairs died April 24 at Middleboro, Mass. He was 72. Death occurred ; in St. Luke's hospital, Middleboro. 1 Mr. Urainm was for mlany yeaa-'s I P'resid'ent of tihe United CJape Ciod ! 'Oranberry Oomjpiany, one of ihe largest of ciianberry operators, and ' for siome yea'rs wa-s a diirectoa- of Natiiona'l Ca-^amberiy A'stsiooiatidn, I now Ocean iSpray OraTLberriesi, Inc. He was iinted'eisted in tflie cuilttniriail I develo'pmenit of cranberry growing 'and was tflie developer of many time-isaviing deviiisies wihiiclb added to (the effdicienicy of various cranber- ry oiperatiions. "He was bom in SulldVan, Maine, ; May 16, 1888. He was educated in Maine sc4i'oioilis anId was a graduate of Wentrworbh Institulte, B'ositon, I 'Malsls., and the Univeaisiltiy of Masls'- acbuse>tts. I He worked wiiitih the late Dr. H. J. Franklin at MJassachvisetts Oranibefray Exfperi'ment Stiaitdion for s'ometinie. Wlhdile in Wareibani he was a oomnuisisdoner of the Boy Scout movemenlt and' wias a director of the activity in New Bedford. He v.''as a Ma'son. He was a brother of Miarouis L. Urann, for iniany yearns president and a major founder of the preisent Ocean Spray, wiho survtives him. Also survivinig iis his wife, Julia T'.I. (Wagner) Urann, a sion, Marcus M. Urann, South Duxbiiry wlhio is ].resenrtilty preisiidienit of Unlilted Cape Cod, two daughters, Mrs. John M. Baldry oif Enigdanld arid M/rs. Kard R. Manner of Venezulla, and severall j;Tandohiildren. He lived at 52 Fudleir street in rrlididileboro, wftiere he moved from Wareihiam about 15 years aigo. He 'hiad been in illll heailtih for many years, flolloiwioiig a severe iillness. The body was cremated and the ashes spread over Frechman's Bay in Maine. A memorial service was held in Middleboro and in Maine. FINAL OCEAN SPRAY 4-MINUTE TELEVISION IS BEING RELEASED All four of the 4-minute television movies by Ocean Spray Cranber- ries, Inc., have been completed and are being offered to television sta- tion throughout the country. The last is "Brighter Meals Every Day," and is a story about Cranberry Juice Cocktail. The camera goes into the cock- tail plant at Hanson, Massachusetts to close in on the various processes. No people in the plant are shown as everything is closeup. Featured in the movie is a happy, healthy family enjoying cranberry juice as an eye opener for break- fast at home and as an aperitif when dining out. The scene is the Shera- ton-Biltmore in Providence. Father and Mother are Stan Benson, traffic and fresh sales of the cooperative and Connie Chenoweth, promotion. Connie's 13-y ear-old-son Mark, is the young boy and Karen Nutter of Hanson, is the daughter. There are brief glimpses of Bill Hutchinson, institutional sales. Miss Betty Bu- chan, publicity and Oscar WOiitcher, maintenance supervisor at the hotel. Thirteen Mr. and Mrs. Arpin. She keeps the books. (Cranberries Photot Present Status Of Herbicides by Malcolm N. Dana Department of Horticulture University of Wisconsin The development of many new chemicals with herbicidal power has opened the door for extensive exploration in vegetation control. For the first time in the history of agriculture the vision of weed free fields has appeared in the minds of men. The laibandonment of the hoe and all its more comiplicat- ed mechanical cousins now seems possible. In their place will ap- pear various contrivances for the convenient application of herbi- cides. If recent events may be used as a criterion the path to realization ,of this vision will be long and tortuous and fraught with many obstacles some of which may not be forseen. In the search for this goal we must continue to press forward, choosing each new footstep with a maximum of pre- caution to avoid loosing ground gained by earlier steps. The path to vegetation control in cranberry marshes seemed to be cleared of many obstacles when amino triazole was developed. Not only does the cranberry plant have a considerable tolerance to this material but several species of bog weeds exhibit great sensitivit low or moderate rates of A triazole. We learned the partis value of this herbicide in ( beii-y fields and took a great toward attainment of weed plantings. However, this proved to be false progress the thundering cra&h of 195£ unforeseen obstacle, proved more cautious movements needed by all people assoc: with cranberiy herbicides. Whei-e do we now stand regard to the use of amino zole? The material is still r tered for post-harvest use on e: lished cranberry bogs. Extej testing of the 1960 crop of by Federal agencies has faile uncover hannful residues of a: triazole in this crop. We all 1 that some fields were treat. 1 ] harvest in 1959. Therefore, must conclude that post-hai application s — at least el months before the next hai did not leave harmful residue this very valuable herbicide. ] this not establish the fact amino triazole may be safely " on non-bearing vines or as herbicide for the clean-up of w> bearing sections? I believe it c At this point we stumble a second obstacle in the patl our prgress. The unique ma of marketing cranberries per a few strong organizations' dictate to the growers the ma ials which they may use to ii their crop, irrespective of legal restrictions. The penalty non-compliance is to refuse r keting ser\'ices to an indivi and consquently to put him of business. No grower is prepj to face this penalty. Indeed, can expect a man to sacrifice livelihood merely to use an he cide. The solution, then, is to courage the sales organizat to lift their present complete against amino triazole and to : mit its use on those areas wl- a harvest is not anticipated more than one year. The analysis of berries fi spring and early summer trea vines in Wisconsin has not been completed. Whether or we can ask for further label rej KILL ALL MAJOR CRANBERRY INSECTS WITH MALATHION Malathion helps you avoid residue problems offers safety in use Six seasons of use have proved nalathion's superiority as a ;ranberry insecticide. Early .praying or dusting with mal- ithion protects the new crop igainst damage from black and /ellow-headed fireworms, false irmyworms, blossom worms, rip worms, cutworms and blunt- losed leaf hoppers. Later in the season, malathion controls the lighly destructive fruitworm. Offers safety in use Malathion is a phosphate insec- ticide with loiv toxicity to man and animals. Its wide safety margin makes it ideal for air application . . . especially in and around populated areas. Avoid residue problems Malathion's fast-disappearing residues allow application on cranberries up to 72 hours be- fore harvest. Residues will be well below the limits established by law. Compatible with other chemicals Malathion is compatible with most fungicides and other insec- ticides . . . another reason why so many growers are making it the basic insecticide in their spray schedules. American Cyanamid Company, Agricul- tural Division, New York20, N.Y. photo courtesy of the National Cranberry Association The label instructions on Cyanamid products, and on products containing Cyanamid ingredients, are the result of years of research and have been accepted by Federal and/ or State Governments. Always read the labels and carefully follow directions for use. CYANAMID SERVES THE MAN WHO MAKES A BUSINESS OF AGRICULTURE tration by the United States De- partment of AgTiculture must await the results of the analyses by the Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation. Certainly there is no possibility for extension for the 1961 season. A lesser step forward was made with the registration of dalapon for use on cranberries in early 1960. This material has toxicity to vines when used at herbicidal rates. The list of weeds sensitive to its effects is ratiher short. There are two situations in which this hei'- bicide is useful and both may be more fully developed by the grow- ers. First, (broadcast applications have proved effective on young vines or on very weedy, bearing vines where bunch grass, wide leaf grass, and round reed (rush) are dominant species. Applications should be made in the fall (after harvest) or early spring at a time when the beds are dry and will not be flooded for at least 10 days. No crop may be expected in the summer following this treatment, but if a partial crop should de- velop it must be discarded. The second use for this material is as a swab treatment designed to suppress grass growth and thus to replace clipping. Applications may be made up to 60 days be- ■;'i!H:i!a:!ia"iia:i[B;earance, 10 points. Results were very close with Sandra's recipe taking the lead through gains in originality and ease of preparation. Finals for the Teen-age Cranberry Recipe Contest for Cape Cod area students were held April 26, at the Cape and Vinyard Electric Com- pany kitchen in Hyannis. Winners were: First prize, Ardath Nichols, Nauset Regional High School in Or- leans, Cranberry Nut Roll; Second prize, Linda Armstrong, Barnstable High School, Cranberry Coffee Cake; Third Prize, Noel Walker, Harwich High School, Cranberry Velvet. Hon- orable mentions were received by Laurie Studley, Dennis Yarmouth Regional High School; Brenda Holt, Henry T. Wing School in Sandwich; Carol Pontieri, Lawrence High School in Falmouth. Judges were: Miss Myrtis Beecher, Barnstable Home Demonstration Agent; Mrs. Prudence Morris, Cape and Vineyard Electric Company Home Service Director; Mrs. Nor- ma Snow, Cape and Vineyard Home Service Representative; Mrs. Kay Meade, Plymouth County Electric Company Home Service Director; and Mrs. Janet Taylor, Home Eco- nomics Director, Ocean Spray Cran- berries, Inc., Hanson. Winning recipes from both con- tests are compiled in a folder which is available at no charge through Radio Station WPLM, Plymouth and Hyannis, or from the Cranberry Kit- chen, Hanson, Mass. GOLDY RETURNS FROM TRIP TO WEST COAST Vernon Goldsworth;;, president o! Cranberry Products. Inc. Eagle River, Wisconsin, has returned from a visit to British Columbia and the cranberry sections c^ Oregon and Washington. He reports that growers seem in good spirits and in all areas he fould there were new develop- ments going on. Although the ex- pansions were modest, this is a good indication of the spirit of the in- dustry. He said he believed the main pro- blem of the West Coast is the same as in Wisconsin, whivli is frost. He found the West Coast growers seem to be doing more for frcst protection than those of his own state. He reports that Marsh Products, Inc., of Eagle River has purchased the Leslie Rezin cranberry marsh. The fruit will be handled by Cran- berry Products as Goldsworthy is one of the stockholders and will man- age the property. OLSSON NAMED TO NATIONAL COMMITTEE George C. P. Olsson, president of Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. has been named a member of the legis- lative committee of the National Canners Association. He has been in Washington in connection with these duties. LESTER GORDON NOMINATED OCEAN SPRAY DIRECTOR Lester Gordon of Tomah, Wiscon- sin, has been nominated at a meet- ing of Wisconsin members of Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc., to succeed R. J. Lawless of Wisconsin Rapids as a director of that cooperative. Nominated for re-election at the state election were Donald Duckart, Wisconsin Rapids; Tony Jonjak, Hayward; Gerald Potter, Warrens and Bert J. Leasure, Manitowish Waters. Election of directors will take place at the annual stockholders meeting at Hanson in August. Chosen as Wisconsin's member of Ocean Spray advisory council were Miss Jean Nash, Clarence Searles and Daniel B. Rezin. BUILT-IN' SERVICES I RESENT STATUS OF g^£3^S9CIDES (Continued from Page 16) Stoddard solvent or kerosene as broadcast applications before the white bud stage at the rate of 350-500 gallons per acre for the suppression of a wide range of grasses, sedges, and broadleaf weeds. Particularly insensitive to this treatment are ragweeds, wire- grass, brambles, brush, horsetail and creeping sedge. Growers can undervine boom with solvent up to June 10 against sickle grass. Growers can suppress bluejoint, wire grass, wide leaf grass, and other lesser grass and sedge spe- cies by the dalapon swab treat- ment. Weeds insensitive to the above treatments must either be tolera- ted or removed by hand. FRESH FROM THE FIELDS (Continued from Page 6) i and in some bojs where it had not! been found previously. On the Ex.| periment Station nlot where most work has been concentrated on herbi-' cide plots an application was ap-j plied that completed the herbicide! trials for this year. New materials were available for the first time and these were applied in a very Limited | screening trial. ! W8SC0NSIN i April A Cold Month j April was a cold and dreary month, i It was a month of more than average! cloudiness, snow, rain, strong winds' and persistent cold. At the end of month very few areas of the state] had experienced their first 70 degree readings and ice covered some ofi the Irkes in the norlJnern part of the] ?!:a'.e. Frost was still prevalent in the^ marshes in all sections. It was a coldj rrring in view of the fact there wasi very little rain in the month and not] cie day above normal in tempera-j tures. The average for the month was 7 degrees below normal and only one i.ali the normal precipitation. The outlook for May v/as above normal in both precipitation and tempera- ture. Good Winter The winter in the state was the bsst in many years. There was a rradual conditioning of the vines in Cctober and November with no se- vere cold as experienced the past two Novembers. The winter floods applied in mid December froze down rapidly. There was a marked ab- sence of snow with the winter ending up dry and above normal in tempera- ture. Little Winter KUl The winter floods were pulled aboi (Continued on Page 20) 3uU (^dJt^gjials ISSUE OF MAY 1961 VOL 26 - NO. 1 ^^«^TiOHAiciw«»anr«^^ WE START OUR 26th VOLUME With this issue CRANBERRIES begins its second quarter century of service to the cranberry industry. Our last issue com- pleted 25 years of publication. It does not seem it was as long ago as 25 years that we mailed out our first issue of this magazine. But time has moved on and it is. A lot of things have happened in that 25 years and we have tried to chronical them, as they occurred and we have tried to look ahead. There has been good things happen and bad. There has been progress, even though the industry is now just beginning to strug- gle back from its latest blow, that of "Black Monday" of 1959. That unfortunate episode proved the resilience of the indus- try — it proved the never-say-die spirit of cranberry growers. There are fewer cranberry growers today than there were 25 years ago. As in other agriculture and in fact, in most things, the less efficient, the less dedicated have fallen out. The marginal grower has gone out as have many marginal bogs. The pace in cranberry growing has become stiffer. A grower today has to know more about his business than his fath- er did. Cranberry growing has become more complex. The grower has better tools to work with. This is true of both things mechanical, and for instance, in many new insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, fertili- zers. Who even dreamed of air control of insects a quarter of a century ago? Cranberry growing has become more and more mechanized. There is practically no hand picking today and manual harvest- ing is rapidly going out for most growers. The machine has, or is taking over. The mass of cranberry literature, the help of science has increased in cranberry growing. We know things we did not know 25 years ago. But we do not know it all yet. We are constantly learning. We have become better growers. We get more berries per acre than we used to, and as an industry we must get more cran- berries to the acre still as a whole, if cran- berry growing is to survive. There has been a radical geographical shift in cranberry growing. Far more berries are grown west CLARENCE J. HALL Editor and Publisher EDITH S. HALL— Associate Editor Wareham, Massachusetts SUBSCRIPTIONS, |3.50 Per Year, FOREIGN, $4.50 CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin LEO A. SORENSON Cranfberry Consultant Wisconsin Rapids Wisconsin Washington Dr. CHARLES C. DOUGHTY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. Oregon GRANT SCOTT Coquille, Ore. Massachusetts Dr. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. EDWARD K. KNAPP Barnstable County Agricultural Agent OSCAR S. JOHNSON Barnatable, Mass. New Jersey P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey of the Mississippi than a quarter century ago. But today our biggest problem is not really the growing of cranberries efficient- ly and abundently. It is marketing. The supply potential runs ahead of cranberry consumption. That is where, obviously lies our greatest problem. We can grow 'em but can we induce enough people to eat all we can produce? Some how, some way we must. SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS FRESH FROM THE FIELDS (Continued from Page 18) mid April in tlie south and from one to two weeks later in the north. There was very little if any winter kill or leaf drop. Vines appeared in excellent shape with the fruit budd- mg the heaviest in years. 100 New Acres Growers were busy aroiuid their properties, especially replacing hea- New Indian Trail Quality Sauce Strained Cranberry Whole Cranberry Sauce in Syrup Cranberry Juice Cocktail Plu» our regular line ]f^lUuiJnau FROZEN FRESH WHOLE CSANBfWRIES INDIAN TRAIL INC. P. O. Box 710 Wisconsin Rapids, Wis. ved bulkheads. By month's end most of the fertilizer had been applied m the south. Vines were being mowed for new plantings, v/ith an expected 100 new acres to be planted in May. About 75% of this new acreage is to be planted to Searles and the bal- ance to McFarlins, vath a few Ben Lears. READ CRANBERRIES MAGAZINE BLUEBERRY BULLETIN IS COIMPILED A TO-page bulletin, "Blueberry Re- search—50Years of Progress" has just been compiled by the Coopera- tive Extension on Work in Agricul- ture and Home Economics, State of New Jersey. The work was compiled by James N. Moore and N. F. Childers. It is dedicated to Dr. George M. Darrow, in recognition of his many years of service to the improvement of the blueberry and the futherance of the blueberry in- dustry. WISCONSIN HEADQUARTERS FOR INSECTICIDES - FUNGICIDES HERBICIDES DUSTS - WETTABLE POWDERS - EMULSIONS Parathion — Malathion Ferbam — Dowpon Liquid and Granular Weed and Brush Killer* Hopkins Agricultural Chemical Co. P.O. BOX 584 MADISON, WIS. Phone Alpine 7-1019 HUME PRODUCTS CORPORATION Designers and manufacturers of machinery for the cranberry industry • DEGRASSERS • DRYERS • CONVEYORS SERVICES AVAILABLE TO WISCONSIN GROWERS: Steel stock from our warehouse Engineering services Complete machine shop service ^ For information, write: HUME PRODUCTS CORPORATION Eagle River, Wisconsin Twenty SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS FOR SALE SEARLES JUMBO HOWES, McFARLIN Vines for delivery in 1961 $125.00 Ton F.O.B. INTERESTED IN PURCHASING WISCONSIN CRANBERRY PROPERTIES Vernon Goldsworthy B.S M.S. University of Wisconsin Cranberry Consultant Fees Reasonable EAGLE RIVER WISCONSIN DANA MACHINE & SUPPLY Co. Wis. Rapids Wis. MFCS, of: SPRAY BOOMS GRASS CLIPPERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS G€tsinger Retracto tooth pickers Dryers DISTR. of: VEE BELTS & PULLEYS ROLLER CHAINS SPROCKETS & BEARINGS CONVEYOR BELTING STEEL Your Foreman Deserves A Subscription to Cranberries; too OUR PRODUCTS Strained Cranberry Sauce Whole Cranberry Sauce Cransweets Diced Cransweets Cranberry Apple Sauce Cranberry-Strawberry Preserves Cranberry-Cherry Preserves Cranberry-Pineapple Preserves Cranberry-Raspberry Preserves Cranberry-Rhubarb Preserves Cranberry-Gooseberry Preserves Spiced Cranberries Cranberry Chilli Sauce Cranberry Bar-B-Q Sauce Cranberry Orange Relish Cranberry Vinegar Cranberry Juice Cran-Beri Cran-Vari Cran-Puri Cranberry Puree Cran-Bake Sliced and Whole Maraschino Cranberries Consumer Size & Bulk Fresh Cranberries Cranberry Products, Inc. EAGLE RIVER, WISCONSIN CORRUGATED CULVERT PIPE and FLOW GATES Felker Bros. Mfg. Co. MARSHFIELD WISCONSIN Phone 230 - 231 WISCONSIN CRANBERRY GROWERS are using more Signature Fertilizer year after year • Pelletized • Homogeneous • Dustless • Free-Flowing • 50 lb. E. RAUH & SONS FERTILIZER CO. Indianapolis & Plymouth, Ind. YOU Are reading this ad. Others will read yours in CRANBERRIES Magazine f I A >^^--'^<. c*^^ 61^^' ^..^ (Ul^^ ,.u^^*^^^- ,.# b^v \ A k #..-. .^:. ■?^ W til/' J OCEAN SPRAY CRANBERRIES. INC. VING A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY APE COD iEW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON CANADA 'STFVE ' V LEE New Jersey, Combines Cranberries and Blueberries ' (CRANBERRIES Photo 35 Cents DIRECTORY For CRANBERRY GROWERS Wcrcester Paper Box Corporation MEDFORD, MASS. Td. MYstic 8-5305 Manufacturers of Folding Cartons and Displays WATER WHITE KEROSENE F«r use on Cranberry Bogs AIM STODDARD SOLVENT Prompt Delivery Service Franconia Coal Co. — Inc. — Wareham, Mass. Tel. CY 5-0039 CRANBERRIES MAGAZINE .Is The SOLE Publication Of The Industry Accepting ADVERTISING Wareham Savings Bank WAREHAM and FALMOUTH Savings Accounts Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent Phone CYpress 5-3800 Kimball 8-3000 The National Bank of Wareham Conveniently located for Cranberry Men Funds always available for sound loans The I CliARLES W. HARRIS! Company 26 Somerset Ave North Dighton, Mass. AMES Irrigation Systems Sprinklers Weed killers Insecticides Fun^cides from Cal. Spray Chemical Company Dupont Company EQUIPMENT HAYDEN - SEPARATOR - WAREHAM, A&ASS. Irrigation Systems PUMPS SEPARATORS - BLOWERS SCREENHOUSE EQUIPMENT DARLINGTON PICKING MACHINES Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK ALFRED PAPPI At Screenhouses. Boars and Pumps Means Satis faetioa WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. CY 5-2000 Complete Banking Service SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. KEEP INFORMED ON CRANBERRY NEWS THROUGH CRANBERRIES MAGAZINE TAKE ADVANTAGE of the BETTER things of life. The efficient USE OF ELECTRICITY is one of these better things — efficient use in power for cran- berry bog operations, and in the home. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM — PLYMOUTH CYpress 5-0200 PILgrim 6-1300 STODDARD SOLVENT (Available Year Round) WATER WHITE KEROSENE Bottled Gas Water Heating UH 6-4545 Ros^S. Cooking Carburetion Central Heating CARVER, MASS. GUMFINGER RAKES SANDVIK SCYTHES (ALSO CALLED FINNISH SCYTHES) Well Pipes & Supplies CARVER SUPPLY CO. UN 6-4480 CARVER, MASS. Lumber Orangeburg Pipe Cement Products Attention Growers ! ! for your Spring weed control we offer water white kerosene "GRADE A" metered trucks STODDARD SOLVENT SUPERIOR FUEL COMPANY Wareham, Mass. Tel. CY 5-0093 I J. W. Hurley Co. j • COAL i • NEW ENGLAND COKE • FUEL OIL Water White - KEROSENE - For BOGS ( MKTKRKI) TRUCKS) 24-hour Fuel Oil Service Telephone CY 5-0024 I 341 Main St. WAREHAM VOLTA OIL CO. Distributor of the Famous TEXACO WATER WHITE KEROSENE For your Bog STODDORD SOLVENT Tel. Pilgrim 6-1340 Plymouth, Mass. Rte. 44 Samoset St. Institute Reports Further Progress Market Agreement Meeting held with Secretary of Agriculture on June 1 to Present Position of the In- dustry. In the matter of the Cranberry Marketing Agreement, the President of Cranberry Institute, Orrin G. Col- ley, reports that marketing agree- ments representing 97 percent of cranberries produced or handled for marketing of the 1960 crop have made application for a Marketing Agreement on cranberries to be vol- untarily entered into by the handlers. They have requested the Secretary of Agriculture to hold a hearing upon the proposed agreement. A Good Flume Is Your Insurance For A Good Crop Use All Heart Redwood Now Unloading One Car All Heart Redwood 6x8 — 6x6 — 4x6 — 4x4 Planking 2x6 — Square Edged or Matched 2x8 — 2 X 10 — 2 X 12 LET US ESTIMATE YOUR FLUME AND BUILDING NEEDS E. W. Goodhue Lumber Co., Inc. MIDDLEBORO ROAD EAST FREETOWN, MASS Phones Rockwell 3-8811 — Middleboro 1275 w I I I i I I I 1 ^» ^^ Retain natural flavor without over-sweetness ® AND ® CORN SYRUPS ,«p; CORN PRODUCTS COMPANY Manufacturers of fine products for the food industry . . . and popular Best Foods Division grocery hrayids for the consumer. The Institute to working for an effective Marketing Agreement for the 1961 crop. Also it is working on the cleanup of the claims still out- standing on the 1959 production and for some additional aid from the Government on the 1960 crop. Through the efforts of Senator Benjamin A. Smith, II (D. Mass.) a meeting was held on June first with Secretary of Agriculture Or- ville Freeman to present the posi- tion of the cranberry industry. It was also to point out to him the need for a continuation of a pro- gram for the 1960 crop to enable cranberry growers to complete their recovery operations. Cooperating with Senator Smith in arranging this , meeting were Senators William Prox- I mire (D. Wise.) Sentator Henry M. j Jackson (D. Wash.) Senator Maurine | B. Neuberger (D. Ore.) Senator Har- rison A. Williams (D. N.J.) and also Congressman Vernon W. Thomp- son (D. Wise.) and Congressman Lester R. Johnson (D. Wise). In addition to those who have con- tributed help and support are Sena- tor Leverett Saltonstall (R. Mass.) Congressman Hastings Keith (R. Mass.) Congressman Alvin E. O'Con- nell (R. Wise.) Congressman Mel- vin R. Laird (R. Wise.) Congress- man Julia B. Hansen (D. Wash.) and Senator Warren G. Magnusson (D. Wash.). In its report to Sec. Freeman the Institute set forth that the condition of cranberry growers is still critical and they are still being confronted with heavy surplus conditions be- cause the damage which was done to the market on Nov. 9, 1959 has not yet been fully repaired. It states that not only are growers burdened with a surplus of 400,000 (Continued on Page 20) CRANBERRY PICKING BOXES Shooks, or Nailed Let me repair your broken boxes — or repair them yourself. Stock Always on Hand F. H. COLE Tel. Union 6-3330 North Carver, Mass. Mass. Cranberry Station and Field Notes by J. RICHARD BEATTIE Extension Cranberry Specialist Personals The many friends of Irving A. De- moranville were saddened by his death June 11th. He was the father of Irving E. Demoranville who is a valuable member of our staff. Mr. DemoranviUe was a loyal and faith- ful member of the Cape Cod Cran- berry G r o w e r s' Association, the Southeastern Cranberry Club, and a true friend of the station. We poin his many friends in extending our sympathy to "Dee" and his family. Dr. Herbert F. Bergman, who re- tired in 1953, has returned to East Wareham after spending the winter in Cleveland, Ohio, with friends. He will be at the station during the sum- mer and will continue his disease and frost damage investigations. We welcome his return and appreciate the opportunity it affords the staff for counselhng with him. Frost Notes The most damaging frost since 1944 occurred the night of May 30-31. Temperatures dropped to the low 20's on many bogs with a reading of 17 degrees reported on one property. While most bogs were eventually flooded that night, unfortunately many growers delayed their flood- ing operations because of winds and clouds that remained until near mid- night. When it did clear and be- came calm, temperatures dropped so rapidly that unless the bogs were well flooded some damage occurred. We have seen little evidence of frost damage to vines over water if the water was put on in time. The greatest losses occurred on dry bogs. A number of growers have stated that they would have done things considerably different if they had that night to relive. The frost warning service gave ample warning. The afternoon fore- cast indicated a dangerous frost with a minimum bog temperature of 25 to 26°. In the evening the warning was referred to as a very danger- ous frost with a minimum bog tem- perature of 24°. No help from winds or clouds was indicated in either forecast. Every effort has been made to se- cure an accurate estimate of the pos- sible damage. We at the station es- timate that 150,000 - 200,000 barrels of cranberries, or 25-30 % of our po- tential, was destroyed by the frost that occurred May 30-31. Damage ranges from light to extremely heavy. Many bogs have been so severely damaged that very little crop is expected. Considerable checking has been made since the frost damage estimate was released to growers, the industry, and the press, and we have seen no reason to change the above figures. If any- thing, the damage may be nearer the maximum indicated. The question arises as to what should be done to help the bogs re- cover from serious injury. Some bogs were injured to the extent that all new growth was killed and most of the old leaves turned red and have since dropped. The damage closely resembles winter killing. Where damage is moderate to heavy, the station recommends that sanding be delayed until this fall, and that weed fertilizer and disease control programs be postponed until late July or August in order to observe the recovery made by these bogs and then determine what programs would be beneficial. However, con- trol of fireworms, cutworms and leafhoppers will be necessary on such bogs to protect next years growth. The basis for these observations was gained from the disastrous winter GOVERNMENT MONEY The Mlowing excea-ptts fb:X)m the Plymouftih Counity 1961 Aigrieuilltural Cionsei'vatii.OTi Proigtraon HanidlbGiok as amiemideid tell wfhat Federal helfp yiou can get 'Oin pretfalbricated flumeis. "Practice No. F-l(C) Reorganizing cranbe'rry bog water management systems to conserve water and prevent erosion. "The practice' must be carried out in accordance with a reorganization plan approved by the responsible technician. *** The Soil Conservation Service is responsible' for (1) a finding that the practice is needed and practicable on the farm, (2) ne'cessary site selection, other preliminary work, and layout work of the practice, (3) necessary supervision of the in- stallation, and (4) certification of performance for all require- ments of the" practice. *** "Eligible measures : Cost sharing will be allowed for earthwork, materials and protective measures that are' a necessary part of cranberry bog dikes, flumes, canals, and ditches that are' used primarily to conduct water to the bog area, regulate water on he bog area, or return used water from a bog area to storage re'servoir for subsequent re-uee.*** MAXIMUM FEDERAL COST SHARE "50% of the otual cost of approved measures not to exceed: $8.00 per inch of outlet diameite'r for prefabricated flumes." To take adivantage of this, [first lof aM. 'get in touch wilth your County OoimimlDttee. For Plyanourtlh Oouruty, tlhiiSi disi ait tihe BrockitO'n Oourt (House. Wihen you are all signed u|p, and yoiu.r prradtdc© iip- ponoved, for yiouir prefaibmcated flume, see RUSSELL A. TRUFANT HYDRAULIC CONSULTANT PREFABRICATED FLUMES BOG RAILROADS UNION 6-3696 North Carver, Mass. killing and frost damage of 1944, as reported in Dr. H. J. Franklin's bul- letin No. 433 page 49. A brief quote taken from this publication is as fol- lows: "Some growers tried to help the recovery of their bogs by mowing off the dead vines, resanding, or fertili- zing, but there is httle evidence that any of these measures was definite- ly beneficial. They generally re- sulted in an undesirable overgrowth of runners.'' Final Keeping Quality Forecast The final keeping quality forecast was released June 2 and mailed to growers through the county agents' offices and is as follows: "Examination of weather records from April through May shows four additional points, and when added to the three points accumulated prior to April makes a total of 7 out of a possible 16 which favor good keep- ing quality fruit next fall. Based on the point system, the prospects are good for the general keeping qual- ity of the 1961 Massachusetts cran- berry crop. However, those bogs that tend to produce weak fruit would definitely benefit from fungicide treatments. For details, see the new pesticide charts. Please note that seme suppliers list a 75 % Zineb, and if 75 % material is used, only 8 lbs. per acre per application is recom- mended." New Insecticides The research completed by Prof. William Tomlinson has clearly shown For Consistent Dependability with PESTICIDES and FERTILIZER »ee the man from Eastern States T. C. Ashley. Harry T. Fisher, Jr., James P. Govone, Lawrence H. Ward, E. S. Service Center, E. S. Service Center, E. S. Service Center. E. Freetown Tel. 'Middleiboro Teil. Fares tdaile Tel. Plyimoutli Td. Biroichton Tel. New 'Bedjford Tel. Taunton Tel. Rockwell 3-5713 Middleiboro 2133-W Garden 8-4393 Piiligrim 6-0970 Junojper 6-4055 Wyman 6-5202 Van Dyke EASTERN STATES FARMERS EXCHANGE Headquarters: West Springfield, Massachusetts Brewer & Lord INSURANCE 40 Broad Street, Boston, Mass. ARTHUR K. POPE CONVERSE HILL WILLIAM B. PLUMER ROBERT A. SULLIVAN EDWARD H. LEARNARD HORACE H. SOULE OHARLES M. CUTLER EBEN A. THACHER HERBERT R. LANE VINCENT M. WILSON JOHN B. CECILL, JR. Serving the People of New England Since 1859 that a new insecticide known as Sevin has a definite place in our cranberry pesticide program. It has recently been approved for use on cranberry bogs. Growers and sup- pliers have been notified and we ex- pect it will be widely losed during the fruitworm season. It is consid- erably less toxic to men and bees than is parathion, and is less toxic to fish than DDT. However, normal precautions for its use are in order, as is true with most insecticides. Sevin is recommended for the con- trol of black-headed fireworm, leaf- hoppers, cranberry fruitworm, Spar- ganothis fruitworm, and cutworms. Apply 2 pounds of 50% wettable powder per 100 gallons of water, 300 gallons per acre, as dilute spray; or 4 pounds 50% wettable per 100 gal- lons, 100 gallons per acre; or as con- centrate spray, 1% pounds of 85% sprayable or l^^ quarts of 4 flow- able in 5 to 100 gallons of water per acre. NEW VARIETIES PLANTED IN WISCONSIN BY GOLDSWORTHY Vernon Goldsworthy of Eagle River, Wisconsin this spring planted approximately one-quarter acre of the new hybrids, Pilgrim and Berg- man and two acres of Stevens. Next year he plans to plant one-quarter acre each of No. 47 and No. 108, two varieties wliich have been developed at Long Beach, Washington. He con- siders both these varieties have a lot of promise for Wisconsin con- ditions. He and associates have purchased the Leslie Rezin marsh at Sugar Camp and will take over the Wil- liam Anderson marsh at Tomahawk. Western Pickers Parts and Repairs Agent for 1960 Model ORDER NOW J. E. BRALEY & SON MACHINE SHOP 78 Gibbs Art. W»rehain, Maaa. HAVE YOUR REPAIR5 DONE NOW V/^^H*LC^«.Be..y^,,^^^^^ Issue of June 1961 - Vol. 26 No. 2 Published monthly at Th^ Courier Print Shop, Main St.. Wareham, Massachusetts. Second Class Postage Paid at Wareham, Massachusetts SubscrlptlonB W.6« per year. Post Office. FRESH FROM THE FIELDS Compiled by C. J. H. MASSACHUSETTS May Starts Cold May started out cold and raw as April had been, with a minus 14 de- grees for the first three days. The cold weather turned into gloomy, foggy days and by the 10th of May the departure from normal was a whopping 43 minus degrees. There was an extended period of more than a week of fog, drizzle, and heavy fog at night which kept frosts away. Cloudy Month The cloudy weather continued through the third week of the month, with temperatures a little below normal. However, by the 22nd it was beginning to become a little too dry, and the weather was more conducive to frost. Water continued to be held late on many bogs, on some later than usual for late water. This was not expected to do any harm, as the weather was so cool. 2-Day Rain The dry spell came to a sudden end on the 26 with a drenching, blowing storm. This continued into a second day. Final Rain Up Although the month had been dry until the end, the rains of the 26 and 27 brought the total precipitation for the month more than normal. Total precipitation as recorded at the Cranberry Station was 6.07 inches. Average for May is 3.18. The month ended with a minus 46 degrees for 31-day period, or more than one a day, and all vegetation continued to be late— by about two weeks. Frost Takes 150,000 - 200,000 The big news of the month, how- ever, and bad news for the coming Massachusetts crop was a killing frost on the night of May 30. This was a black frost, the worst one since May 18, 1944, which was also a black frost. Estimates were made at the Cran- berry Station that this frost took be- tween 150,000 and 200,000 barrels of the potential crop. This might figure about 25 percent. This was a real killer. Some dry bogs were entirely, or almost wiped out. Injury was not even confined to dry bogs as on some which were flowed there was damage. The water had not been gotten on soon enough. Frost struck about one a.m. and continued until six. Plenty of Warning There was ample afternoon and evening warning from the Station that there would be a "very danger- ous frost," with the minimum being 24. However, in Plymouth County as low as 17 was recorded on some bogs. The Wareham-Carver area, where there is the greatest concen- tration of bogs was hit hardest, also the upper Cape. Oak leaves were killed at the bog edge as were grape vines, even briars. Other crops, notably tomatoes and strawberries were damaged. This was a general frost extending over all of New England. This was a severe blow to the Massachusetts cranberry growers wiping out in a single night a quar- ter of the potential of a crop which had promised to be a large one, maybe in the neighborhood of 650,- 000, 700,000 barrels. The month to that date had been a good one for the coming crop. The cold, dry weather up to the 26th had added to the potential keep- ing quaUty. AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS FERTILIZERS TOOLS R. F. MORSE & SON CRANBERRY HIGHWAY WEST WAREHAM, MASS. CY 5-1553 BOG SERVICE — AGENT FOR WIGGINS AIRWAYS WASHINGTON May, About Normal Rain Rainfall was about average for the month of May there having been 2.88 inches recorded at the Station at Long Beach. Sprinklers were turned on half a dozen times. One on the 20th being used to reduce heat on the bogs. The thermometer reached 86 degrees F. on that date, the warmest of the season so far. On four other occasions the tempera- tures dropped to 31 degrees for brief periods of an hour or less in the early morning. Once it was necessary to sprinkle for a longer period from 2 a.m. to 6:30 a.m. when temperatures reached 30 and stayed there. Humidity for the month ranged from 50 to 100 percent. Granular 2,4-D Charles C. Doughty, director of the Coastal Washington Experiment Station at Long Beaoh reports it begins to look as if Washington growers will get help in the registra- tion of granular 2,4-D. This help is expected from the Reasor-Hill Cor- poration as soon as the station can get residue data to the company. Wisconsin had already received its registration for use of this product with the assistance of this company. Five-Mile Bridge A bridge more than five miles long is now beginning to look like a reality to the people of Astoria, Oregon and the Long Beach Penin- sula of Washington. Legislatures in both Oregon and Washington have passed their respective bills and work of a material nature is to be- gin January 1, 1962. The structure will cost approximately $24,000,000. While this new bridge will not di- rectly affect the cranberry industry of coastal Washington and Oregon it will boost the communities econom- ically. Also a new road has been in the process of being built for several years between Raymond and Toke- land, which is to be opened this summer. This will make the dis- Hubbarfl INSECTICIDES • FUNGICIDES HERBICIDES ARE AVAILABLE ON THE CAPE FKOM R. C. Mossman - Horticultural Sales West Bridgewater, Mass. Representing The HUBBARD-HALL CHEMICAL CO. Waterbury, Conn. tance from Grayland area to the Long Beach area, which is now about 100 miles, shorter by 25 to 30 miles. It will make tthe Cranberry Station at Long Beach much more accessible to those at Grayland. New County Agent Nolan Servoss, who has been Coun- ty Agent at South Bend for many years is leaving to accept a posi- tion with Skagit County in the nor- thern part of Washington. He will be succeeded by Andrew Kruiswyk, Jr. Blueberry Frost Injury It has now developed that blue- berries received frost injury during April. The early blooming varieties were apparently severely injured; the late blooming varieties not so severely. Cranberries at end of May were in early to medium late hook stage. NEW JERSEY NO FROST MAY 30th A frost warning was issued for the night of May SOth with a prediction o! from 20 to 25 degrees. The follow- ing morning one bog did report 25 de- grees and nine reported below 30 and (Continued on Page 18) FOR BETTER PEST CONTROL Use these reliable GENERArCHEMICAL GENERAL CHEMICAL DIVISION 40 Rector Street, New York 6, N. Y. Stephen V. Lee successfully Combines Cranberry And Blueberry Growing NEW JERSEY MAN IS LUCKY IN THE HELP OF HIS WHOLE FAMILY — HAS BEAUTIFUL WATER SET-UP FOR BOTH CROPS — OFFICER OF AMERICAN CRAN- BERRY GROWERS' ASSOCIATION by Clarence J. Hall Stephen V. Lee of Chatsworth, New Jersey offers a fine example of a grower who is very successfully integrating cranberry growing and blue- berry growing, with the latter the main enterprise so far, but with cran- berries a very im_portant item. The way he efficiently handles his bountiful water supply to the great advantage of both crops is exemplary. Chatsworth, population about 700, in Burlington County, the biggest county in New Jersey is deep in the heart of New Jersey's famed pine region. It had long been famous for its cranberries, both wild and cultivated — first the native fruit and then the cultivated. Cranberries grew and do grow naturally there and were gathered in the wild state. The residents also caught and sold snapping turtles. Many people did and some still do derive income from the gathering of spagnum moss, wild holly, wild blueberries, pine cones which they sell to florists. It was known as a cranberry center and in earlier days much of this fruit was shipped from that point. Trains were formerly met with horse and wagons and sea capt?.ins came bringing loads of fish and returned with cranberries for their voyages. It was on the "old trail" running through Chatsworth from Burlington to the seacoast. Third Generation Grower Although Mr. Lee has been in cranberries and blueberries only since 1950, he actually is a third generation cranberry grower. His grandfather James E. Lee was one of the original growers. His great grandfather Stephen Lee bought land there, 2200 acres in 1958 and was one of the earlier gatherers and sellers of wild cranberries. A Family Enterprise This is a truly family enterprise. Mrs. Lee works at the two busi- nesses, cranberries and blueberries, and their two sons, Stephen V. Lee, the third, 14 and Abbott W. Lee, 9. The Lees have 25 acres in cran- berries, which have not yet reached fully their maturity in bearing. They have 35 acres in blueberries. This past season they leased an additional 25 acres in Friendship. The holdings in the two fruits are side by side at Chatsworth. In about his fifth year of owning bearing bog he picked about 1,000 barrels of cranberries and has been averaging about 80 barrels to the acre on his bogs which have reached full maturity. As all acres come in he expects this production will rise. In blueberries he is producing 8,000 crates, a crate being 12 pints of the big blue fruit. Lee was born in Chatsworth July 10, 1910. His grandfather died when he was 32, leaving a widow and six children. A man was placed in charge of the property to operate on shares, but the property gradually deterioted. There were six original bogs. The owners lived in Philadel- phia and the holding gradually went back to the wild state. Iron ore was mined in the region until in the early 1800s and it was in these minings that the wild native Jersey cranberries grew and were picked by the owner of the land. Lee was graduated from Morris- town High School and after this went to work for North Hampton Textile at Mt. Holly. He stayed at this untU he went into the service February 19, 1943 to the end of the war. He was radarman, 2nd class on the destroyer Walke serving in both the Atlantic and the Pacific. He came home and operated a hard- ware store for his sister for about a year. Revived Interest In Cranberries He then revived the interest in cranberries of his family. He bor- rowed a sum from the Cranberry Credit Corporation of the then Na- tional Cranberry Association and bought the property at a tax sale. Cranberry prices were up then and he thought cranberries a good busi- ness to be in. He says today, "I should never have been out of the cranberry busi- ness and if I hadn't been I would be much father ahead today." He built a dam around the sec- C. & L. EQUIPMENT CO. 191 LEONARD STREET ACUSHNET, MASS. Cranberry Bog Service PRUNING FERTILIZING RAKING WEED TRIMMING Machinery Sales PRUNERS RAKES POWER WHEELBARROWS WEED TRIMMERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS - Large & Small For Further Information Call . . . F. P. CRANDON N. C. LEONARD Rockwell 3-5526 Wyman 5-3521 C. J. TRiPP Wyman 5-2013 Seven KILL ALL MAJOR CRANBERRY INSECTS WITH MALATHION Malathion helps you avoid residue problems offers safety in use Six seasons of use have proved malathion's superiority as a cranberry insecticide. Early spraying or dusting with mal- athion protects the new crop against damage from black and yellow-headed fireworms, false armyworms, blossom worms, tip worais, cutworms and blunt- nosed leaf hoppers. Later in the season, malathion controls the highly destructive fruitwoi^m. Offers safety in use Malathion is a phosphate insec- ticide with low toxicity to man and animals. Its wide safety margin makes it ideal for air application . . . especially in and around populated areas. Avoid residue problems Malathion's fast-disappearing residues allow application on cranberries up to 72 hours be- fore harvest. Residues will be well below the limits established by law. Compatible with other chemicals Malathion is compatible with most fungicides and other insec- ticides . . . another reason why so many growers are making it the basic insecticide in their spray schedules. American Cyanamid Company, Agricul- tural Division, New York20,N.Y. ■■1^^ r^% . - '^Sir- photo courtesy of the National Cranberry Association The label instructions on Cyanamid products, and on products containing Cyanamid ingredients, are the result of years of research and have been accepted by Federal and/or State Governmeyits. Always read the labels and carefully follow directions for use. CYANAMID SERVES THE MAN WHO MAKES A BUSINESS OF AGRICULTURE MALATHION INSECTICIDES v Eight tions he wanted to restore to kill off the brush and held this for two years. One piece he prepared for the vines by chopping it up with a cut harrow and the other piece he plowed after it was harrowed. The property for a water supply has the west branch of the Wading River and also a smaller stream called Shoal Branch. He built a large reservoir of several hundred acres which gave him a perfect water supply. This comes in through a canal at the West side of his property. This water he can and does di- vert to either his bogs or his blue- berries plantings or both at the same time if he finds this necessary. He can ditch u-rigate or he has two acre heads which throw 750 gal- lons of water a minute. He can not only irrigate from this canal, but can flood for frost control on both his cranberries and blueberries. In 1950 he dyked and flooded two sections in preparation for cranberrj* vines. The following year he planted six acres of blueberries and in 1952 he put in seven more acres of blue- berries and in succeeding years he continued to plant more cranberries and blue berries, until at present he has 12 acres of cranberries with more coming into maturity. He planted his cranberries vines entirely to Early Blacks. His blueberries consist of Coville, Weymouth, Berkeley, Blue Crop, Jerseys. Mr. Lee does his own frost work and is his own manager of the com- bined cranberry and blueberry busi- ness with the whole family assisthig. When the Lees were visited by the writer it was at the heigth of the blueberry picking and the entire family was at work. They were "bulking," packing the fruit in 20 pound tins, graded according to size to go to the canners. For the harvest season he had 34 Puerto Ricans whom the Lees house in a barracks, they furnishing their ov/n cook and also 160 day workers from Philadelphia brought out in bus loads. He begins his blueberry harvest about June 15 and picks until the end of August or a period of from six to eight weeks. Some of the Puerto Ricans re- maui on to help ui the cranberry harvest for which he has two Darl- ington pickers. His flood waters flow on to the bogs of Haines and Haines which company turns it back into the Wad- ing river so that none of it is wasted. Overhead Irrigation tlis overhead irrigation consists of 500 feet of 4 inch pipe and will irri- gate all or either of his cranberries or blueberries if he has to use this instead of ditch irrigation for both crops. He has never yet lost either a crop of cranberries or blueberries by frost because of his beautifully- engineered system of irrigation and his very adequate supply of water. His cranberry crop he sells through Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. and his blueberries through Tru-Blu-Ber- ries, the cooperative which handles a very considerable proportion of the New Jersey crop of cultivated blueberries, from New Lisbon. He plans to put in a sanding pro- gram as the bogs need sanding. He sprays his bogs for tip worm Albert V. Lee runs out on the well kept Lee (CRANBERRIES Photo) Nine For higher yields and cleaner cranberries Control fruit rots with one of tliese effective Du Pont fungicides FERMATE^ | PARZATE ferbam fungicide f zineb fungicide MANZATE' I ZE^LATE maneb fungicide ' zirc.m fungicide Now Du Pont offers four highly effective fungicides for control of fungus diseases in cranberries. "Fermate", Manzate", "Parzate" or "Zerlate" all are outstanding for the control of frjit rots on the vines and reduction of rot w^hile in storage. These fungicid3s may be applied by conventional or concentrated sprayers and are tough on rot, but mild on the plants. "Manzate" is outstanding also for control of twig blight of cranberries in Washington and Oregon. See your dealer for full information and your supply of "Fermate", "Manzate", "Parzate" or "Zerlate". Get greater yields and higher quality in your cranberries by stopping fruit rots now. On all chemicals, follow label instructions and warnings carefully y^^Tl I n n |T5N. ^* '* **" '***"* ^^ Nemours & Co. (Inc.) Cfl 11 P I I N f/ Industrial and Biochemicais Department BM^uj'AtofE^^^ Wilmington 98, Delaware Better Things for Better Living . . . Through Chemistry (R) Ten using straight-wing airplane service. For fungicide control of rot the work is done by William S. Haines. He owns a Niagara duster, and other bog equipment. He can put in considerable more cranberry bog if he desired to do so and this will depend upon the market outlook. Wish It Was All Cranberries "I wish my business was all cran- berries," he declares. "The blue- berry business is getting rough, that is due primarily to the difficulty in getting pickers. We have to pay the pickers a minimum of 80 cents an hour \^^hether they do that much work or not." Holds Oftices Mr. Lee is active in the councils of iboth New Jersey cranberry and blue- berry growing. He is first vice presi- dent of American Cranberry Growers Association. He is a director of Tru- Blu. He has served three years as director of County Board of Agri- culture, Burlington County. He is also a director of the Glas- boro Service Association of Glass- boro, which is a subsidiary of the Farm Bureau and brings in 10,000 Puerto Rican help a year. He is past exaulted ruler of Mt. Holly Lodge of Elks, No. 848 and a past president of the Mt. Holly Lions Club. The Lees, Mr. Lee giving great credit to Mrs. Lee for her help in both cranberry and blueberry grow- ing have a home located on the property where they are close by their means of livilhood. "I have plenty of room for both cranberry and blueberry expansion on the property," Mr. Lee says. It may be expected that if the future of New Jersey cranberries justifies that Mr. Lee will be one of those to expand his holdings and help keep New Jersey up to at least its present position in the overall cran- berry industry. SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES Good Turnouts At First Mass Spring Cranberry Clinics Good attendances at the first of the Massachusetts cranberry clinics attested to the continued interest of the growers in producing good crops. These were held at the Makepeace Screenhouse, West Barnstable and Ocean Spray Screenhouse, North Har- wich under the direction of Oscar S. Johnson, Barnstable County Ex- tension Agent in Agriculture; and at Ocean Spray warehouse, South Hanson and Cranberry Experiment Station under Dominic A. Marini, Plymouth County Extension Agent in Agriculture. Topics discussed included early spring insects — identification, abun- dance and control: weeds identifica- tion and control: the frost situation, new varieties, fertilizing and other bog management tips applicable to the early season. Speakers were members of the Cranberry Station staff. Sorting Blueberries at the Lee place, Mrs. Lee is on left. (CRANBERRIES Photo) Sleven The Wisconsin Cranberry Station 1903 - 1917 (Editor's Note: The following in- teresting account of the once-exist- ing Wisconsin Cranberry Experiment Station was written by Dr. George L. Peltier, cranberry Consultant of Wisconsin Rapids and it is followed by his personal recollections of the Station.) Although some monies, in small amounts ($250 per annum 1893-1902), were appropriated for cranberry stu- dies, it was not until 1903 that the station received official status, to- wit: Legislative Act: Chap. 344. Sec. 4. May 10, 1903. An appropriation of $2500 per year for 2 years for "investigations tend- ing to the enlargement and improve- ment of the cranberry industry in the State, including the study of the shortage and supply of water, suita- bility of marshes, the best methods of planting, flooding, draining, and cultivating the berry and combat- ting its diseases." 5 - Acre Bog The bog, 5 acres, was rented for a nominal fee from the Wisconsin State Cranberry Growers Associa- tion. It was located directly across the road from Gaynor's. Responsi- bility for research at the station was assigned to the Dept. of Agricultural Physics (A. R. Whitson) and the Dept. of Horticulture (E. P. Sands- ten) of the Agricultural Experimental Station. R. P. Haskins assisted Prof. Whitson and H. A. Ramsey, Prof. Sandsten. Variety plots were started by Andrew Searles in 1893, as well as studies pointed to adequate water supplies mainly through the use of windmills and later surface and deep wells. The annual report of the station for 1902-03 states that good progress was being made on the develop- ment of the bog. The report for 1903-04 mentioned that H. A. Ram- sey, Assistant in Cranberry Investi- gation, resigned frcm the Horticul- ture Dept. June 30, 1904. The report also stated that Prof. Sandsten was in charge of variety evaluation work, assisted by Haskins and that Prof. Whitson looked after the water stu- dies. The 1904-05 reports notes that the research activities were in charge of the Dept. of Soils. It was written by Whitson, Haskins, and O. K. Malde, who apparently took over when Ramsey resigned. In the 1905-06 report the authors were listed as Whitson, Maede and C. B. Hardenberg (USDA, Bureau of Entomology.) The 1906-07 reports lists malde as assistant in cranberry investigations. A summary of the insect studies by Hardenberg and Malde was included as well as the subject of "Drainage and Fertilizers" by Whitson and Malde. The next mention of the Station was the report (1908-09) on insects by Hardenberg and Malde and a note that Prof. Sandsten had re- signed from the Dept. of Horticulture. No further mention of the statior was made in the annual reports NIAGARA DIELDRIN Better Formulations Give Better Insect Control Formulating a basic pesticide chemical into usable form is most important — most important because here is where the chemical is put into an effective form for grower use. Niagara specializes in better formulations that provide maximum kill for your pesticide dollar. Nia- gara formulations dust better, spray better: Use Niagara Dieldrin for top notch control. DIELDRIN GRANULAR DIELDRIN DUST DIELDRIN EMULSIFIABLE CONCENTRATE Your Niagara Fieldman: Joseph Pelis 378 Central Street West Acton, Massachusetts colonial 3-7972 NIAGARA CHEMICAL DIVISION, AVER, MASSACHUSETTS until June, 1913 (1912-13), when it was noted that Drs. C. L. Shear (USDA) and L. R. Jones (U of W) made survey study of the marshes on "False Blossom" and concluded that the malady was due to poor drainage. Malde's name last appeared in the 1916-17 report and apparently the station was closed as of June 30, 1917. Aside from the annual reports, four bulletins were published. Bulletin 119: A report on cran- berry investigation by Whitson, Sandsten, Haskins and Ramsey— 1905. Bulletin 159: The Cranberry In sects in Wisconsin, by C. B. Harden berg— 1908. Bulletin 213: Cranberry Bog Con- struction in Wisconsin, by O. G, Malde— 1911. Bulletin 219: Cranberry Bog Man agement in Wisconsin, by O. G Malde— 1912. During the activity of the Station brief reports on the progress of the research by the staff was presented at the annual meetings of the Wis- consin State Cranberry Growers As- sociation. The Cranberry Experiment Station, Personal Recollections by Dr. George My first contact with the cran- berry industry was in the summer of 1904, when with my two younger brothers (Edmund and Raymond) we were engaged by our neighbor, John Gaynor, to daub the newly developed Gaynor mills with red paint. The going wage was ten cents an hour for a ten hour day. We took the Green Bay & Western from Grand Rapids (now Wisconsin Ra- pids), to Elm Lake and then walked several imiles along the reservoir dykes to reach the Gayncr marsh. During these trips we fought mosqui- toes, gnats, horseflies, and worst of all the deer flies. Also, we saw deer, porcupines, woodchucks, badgers and muskrats, as well as birds and fowl of all kinds. James Gaynor, at times when he drove to Grand Rapids (12 miles) would pile us in the bed of the horse drawn springless wagon, and literally plctigh his way through the sand rut'ed rozds to town. We were fed by Mrs. James Gaynor, assisted by Bertha Dempze, while her brother, Charlie, kept busy with the fuel supplies and other diverse chores. In the summer of 1908 (then a Junior in the University of Wiscon- sin) through the good graces of John Gaynor, I spent three months at the experimental station, where for $1.00 per day and meals I weeded the variety plots, mowed the dams, and did other miscellaneous chores. At the time, the staff consisted of 0. G. Malde, Supt., C. B. Harden- L. Peltier berg, USDA Entomologist, Henry Kissinger, and at times his cousin, Carl Getsinger. Malde, who had recently graduated (1904) from the Short Course in Agriculture, was a determined, and a hard working Swede, v/ho sparked the development of the growing sta- tion. It was unfortunate that, in part, he was responsible for the closing of the station in 1917. During the summer of 1909, I was made responsible for the collection of the daily weather records, assisted with the spray applications, and counts of the berries, to determine the effectiveness of the various treat- ments. Dr. Hooker, a USDA entomo- logist, arrived from the East to take over the study of cranberry insects, since Dr. Hardenberg was leaving for a job in South Africa. In passing, the Doctor was quite a character. A graduate of Cornell, he was a superb entomologist. (See Wise. Station Bui. #159, 1908). For a man named Christian, he had a voluminous vocabulary of "cuss" words, which he could string along for long periods of times, when he became impatient trying to mate his insects. Too, he had a sharp tongue and he kidded the new eastern ento- mologist unmercifully. At any rate, Hardenberg kept things active at the Station and we were all sorry to see him depart. In my spare moments, I gathered and fixed an abundance of material to make a cytological study of the diverse malformiations known as "false blossom," an insidious disease qqins ^iru/aus I m NORWOOD, MASS. I DUSTING and SPRAYING RAY MORSE, Agent TEL. CY 5-3928 FLOWABLE PARATHION 400 insecticide is ideal for use on cranberries. It is a modern formulation of parathion ... a water-base emulsion offering all the advantages of parathion with these additional benefits: Improved convenience and less hazard in handling, plus greater safety to plants than emulsifiable concentrates. It contains no solvents or oils, can be used in all types of sprayers, and is compatible with a wide range of insecticides an d fungicides. PHALTAN^ 50 WETTABLE fungicide gives outstanding control of cranberry fruit rots. Bogs sprayed with Phaltan have consistently yielded high quality berries with good color and size. It should first be used when 5% of blossoms are open, and again, 10 to 14 days later when 50% to 75% of blossoms are open. It should not be applied after blossoms have fallen and young berries are exposed. See your dealer for further information. Stauffer Chemical Company, 380 Madison Avenue, New York 17, New York. %Un0m of the cranberry, widespread in ascendency toward epidemic portions. My Senior thesis researd was done under the direction of Dr R. A. Harper, the emminent cytoloi gist at the University. With the com ing of Prof. L. R. Jones to the Uni' versity in January, 1910, I trans ferred my research to the De] of Plant Pathology at the College aj Agriculture. Upon graduation in June, 1910, returned to the Station and spem most of my time working with DrI Hooker in the recently erected in' sectory. It was during this peri- that Malde bought a 2 cylinder chair drive Velie. We usually did get bact and forth to Grand Rapids after sev- eral stops for adjustments or re pairs. These trips were always in teresting in that one could nevei predict what would happen to th( auto. Of course, our neighbor across the road continued to use liis horse drawn conveyance and it was gooc that he did so, for on occasion to- ward sundown a driverless tean: came roaring down the road. The driver laid out in the wagon box would be carried into tthe house anc put to bed. After a few days he V ould come over to the office anc iscourse at length on the evils ol 'linking. Being a typical Irishmai born in Ireland, ) he could extol the benefits of temperance in almost as -lowing terms as William J. Bryan, During certain evenings (some^ times in company of young Roy Potter), we would mount our bicy- cles and hie to the Maccasin dance pavillion, where I would nieet mj gal, who came down by street cai from Grand Rapids and we woulc enjoy the "light fantastic" until the last car headed back to the Rapids Roy, who looked on, and I would vend our way back to the marshes under starry skies, to the hoot of the owls and the screechs of the night hawks. In mid-summer, we were driven from our sleeping quarters over the office by an infestation of bed bugs After using considerable gasoline the quarters were finally cleaned up. but sleeping in the insectory was de- lightful, so we did not move back inside the rest of the season. Labor Day I migrated to Wauwau ., Wisconsin, where I spent the chool year teaching Botony, Physics, Jhemistry and Physical Geography, nd on the side served as football teach - admittedly I was a poor toach although the boys did win a 'ew games. So far as teaching was :oncerned, I worked hard and en- husiastically, but much to my dis- gust at the end of the first semester, was called on the carpet by the >rincipal and told I would not be ehired, because I had the temerity 0 flunk the son of the President of he School Board. Although, I re- ceived several offers to teach, I de- cided that high school teaching was lot suitable for an individualist. That spring the new (first) ento- nologist at the U. of W., Dr. Sand- ?rs, met me in Milwaukee for a con- ^'erence. After a good dinner and a series of bowling games, at which '.'. imanagied to roll some high scores, it was agreed that I would act as iVgent in Entomology for the USDA ,ind the State Experiment Station iuring a 3 month period for $90.00 ;d month. The preceding fall Dr. Hooker had been recalled to Wash- ington and sent to Puerto Rico. I Accordingly, in June, 1911, I moved into the insectory and lived with the f'bugs" for the summer, continuing studies on life cycles of cranberry insects and methods for the control Df fireworms and especially fruit- worms. The insecticides employed at the time were not too effective and when they reached epidemic proportions, summer flooding was resorted to. Along this line, I found that the temperatures of the flood waters played an important role in Dhe effectiveness of the kill of worms and injury to the vines. Perhaps one reason for the poor control of fruitworms by insecticides is the fact that even today fruit- worms, once they seal themselves in the young berry, are not affected by any chemical. Now the attack is directed to the millers in fhght with organic phosphorous compounds. BOG FOR SALE 211/2 acres of cranberry bog — one- half Early Blacks and one-half Wale's Henry Variety — located in North Car- veV, Massachusetts. For details contact MISS ANNE ANDREWS, 61 South Main Street, Middleboro, Massachusetts. (Cranberries, May, 1956.) In July, Dr. Saunders came up from Madison to check on my pro- gress. When I took him to the Gran- moor station via the shortcut through the Gaynor and Whittlesey marshes, one of the main ditches was spanned by a large pine log. The Professor, with a suitcase in each hand (He would not trust them to me) failed to negotiate the narrow, rounded span and did a "flip-flop" into the deepest portion of the ditch. He emerged from the mud completely soaked, but still hanging on to his suitcases. It was a much bedraggled man I put on the train that day. It was his first and last trip to the cranberry bogs. At least I had a real good laugh on my way back to the Station, since I could not show my emotions until the Profes- sor was safely on his way to Madi- son. So far as I am aware no active work on insects was carried on after the season of 1911. In the Fall, I went to the Missouri Botanical Garden, as a fellow and graduate student, and the following year to the University of Illinois. Thus came to an end my active participation in cranberry investiga- tions until I becam a consultant for Indian Trail, Inc. in 1951, some 40 years later. I intended to continue my study ,i6:;iiEi':ii^:i!^;!ii^'!i^.:ii^.:iii!;i!!^::iiBii[iBiiiiHiiii of "false blossom" at the Garden, so in November before the final freeze-up Malde sent me a chunk of vines (4x6 ft.) However, as they were dormant, they could not be induced to grow in the greenhouse, so I tLUTied to another project. Quite a few years later (1929), Dr. L. O. Kunkel, who was my deskmate at the Garden, found that "false Blossom" was due to a virus trans- mitted from plant to plant by the blunt-nosed leafhopper. It is also of interest to know that when Dr. Kunkel visited me at Ur- bana, IlL, in 1913 he looked over my experiments on Aster "yellows." I knew then that the disease was transmitted by an insect, but did not put my finger on the cluprit. Kunkel, however, a few years later found that "yellows" was due to a virus, transmitted by certiain species of leafhoppers. Just a few words about the in- dustry during the years 1908-11. The plantings were centered primarily in South Wood County in the Cran- moor area, with some bogs in the Warrens-Mather-Tomiah area and in and around City Point. The total acreage at the time was about 1700 acres. Yields were up and down, but averaged less than 20 bbls. to the acre. Prices varied from $5.00 to $7.00 per bbl. (100 lbs.). With the iiimiiHiiiiBiiiiBiiiniiiiiiiiii^iiif^ i ierial Spraying and Dusting also Fertilizing We Specialize In Parathion Applications both Sprays and Dusts AERIAL SPRAYERS, Inc. (FORMERLY MARSHFIELD AIRWAYS, INC.) Marshfield, Mass. Thos. S. Weitbrecht (Whitey) Temple 4-7818 ^imiiii^iii:Kiiiiiiiii^iiiieaiii!a!ii:^!!;:^!i:iE^ii!eiiii^ IIIIIBiPBIIIiaillHIIIII formation of the American Cran- berry Exchange, under the leader- ship of A. U. Chaney, about 909c of the growers became members of this co-op. Several growers remained in- dependent, including Andrew Sear- les. I listened in on many of the discussions revolving around the for- mation of the local and national leadership of John Gaynor. The Exchange, Eatmor, continued until 1957 (50 yrs.) when it was disolved. Its demise was due to a number of factors, chief of which was poor and visionless manage- ment. All labor on the marshes was done by hand and team. Ditches, dams, dykes, beds, etc. were all prepared by hand labor. Bogs were usually too wet because of faulty drainage or lack of water reserves. Weeding was done by hand at lO^*' an hour. Very little was accomplished in the control of insects and diseases. Little or no fertilizers were em- ployed. Frosts and fires were a con- tinual hazard. One of my most vivid recollections was the cry of "Fire", a run for gunny sacks, shovels, and a supply of water, plus a team and plow to make furrows in advance of the fire. A hot, tiring job as I well remember. The harvest was a busy time. Most of the berries were hand pick- ed, largely by Indians and Poles. The Indians, many of them from Nebraska reservations, were on hand and Uved in rude shelters under the trees. The Poles, with their large families, were quartered in small stuffy shanties, lined with double bunks. Lines were strung across sections and under the di- rection of overseers the pickers were held to definite areas. Payment was based on bushels gathered by the individuals or families. Picking was usually delayed in the mornings until the beds were partially dried out. Even then it was a cold, wet job. On very wet beds, where the crop was fairly light, hand rakes were employed. Every evening the families were entertained in the warehouse. Music consisted of at least two fiddlers and an accordian, and with a good caller square dancing was eenjoyed by all until 10 p.m. Occasionally, a fight be- tween imbibing Indians, or between 1 Polish women, enlightened the drab occupation of cranberry picking and was a good topic for discussion for several days. Cranberry growing was a hazard- ous occupation from the time the winter flood was removed until the berries were harvested, stored, ship- ped and the returns for the season in the bank (if enough was left after the seasonal expenses were met.) Through all these years, loans were available from the Wood County National Bank, and at times if they were not repaid, the stock or shares taken in by the Bank. Thus, F. J. Wood, Guy Babcock, and others played a considerable part in the inactive management of some marsh- es. During my four years at the Sta- tion, I made only a couple of trips to the City Point area and only one visit to the Mather-Warrens district, primarily because of the bad roads. Too, the get-togethers at the sum- mer meetings of the W.C.G.A. were not only instructive but exceedingly eentertaining with a picnic lunch usually served by the host of the day's gathering. Recollections of Persons My personal recollections of the men, who by their energy and ex- ample paced the cranberry industry, follows. In many ways, John Gaynor was a natural leader. Born in Ireland, a graduate of the U. of W., he came to Grand Rapids as principal of the high school. Shortly thereafter he returned to the U. of W. for his law degree. He became district at- torney, then Judge and in 1893, an Assembyman. He legislated for mo- nies for the cranberry industry and also some of the water usage laws still in force. Since Mr. Gaynor lived directly across the street from me, I knew him quite well, as I served as his chore boy on occasions. He was always interested in every civic affair, as well as the cran- berry industry - many times at his own expense. While he never accu- mulated much in the way of worldly goods (in fact, I always had a dif- ficult time, as an impatient youth, extracting my small wage) he did a lot for the city and county. Per- haps Mr. Gaynor was his own worst enemy in that he had too much of an academic approach to practical ! living. ' His brother, , had no inhibitions whatsoever, and his wife had a i great time keeping him in line of f duty. He was a sort of an Irish Lord, who dehghted in sitting on the f" verandah to talk about cranberries * in all of their aspects. During the ^ early years, he perfected several pieces of equipment used generally in the preparation of beds for plant- ing, as well as for milling and sort- ing the berries. Charlie Dempze, p for years, was his right arm when it came to the detailed management i of the marsh. The Searles, Andrew and Jacob, jti were big, rawboned, austere fellows f who virtually hewed out their bogs by their own efforts. Andrew was a leader in the industry for many years and can be considered one of Wisconsin's outstanding growers. He was always ready to try anything that might help the industry as a whole. He made the original selec- tions of the Searles variety (1893), now the dominant variety in the State. All through his career, he had a mind of his own and through the years sold his crop independently, for reasons never understood by members of the Exchange. His son, C. D., in turn was an excellent grow- er and was, in part, responsible for the movement of the industry into the Northwestern part of Wisconsin. The apple of Andrew's eye was his grandson, Clarence, a young lad of 8-10 years (1910) with long, golden curls hanging down well below his shoulders. He was the constant com- panion of his granddad. Jacob was more retiring and after he dis- solved partnership with his brother, Andrew, he did not enter into the affairs of the growers nor in the Station. Grandpa (A. C.) Bennett was in semi-retirement and spent most of his days in a rocking chair, where he could watch some of the activi- ties on the marsh. His son, A. E., was an active grower. He, too, was always interested in the experiments at the Station and over the years played a vital role in the industry. His daughter, Ruth, (Mrs. Corey) occasionally invited her school group (Grand Rapids) to come out and spend the evening dancing, and after pfreshments we would all hie home |i a bob sled filled with straw and ilankets for bundling. i The Smiths were also an inter- sting family. Ralph, the father, was esponsible for scalping, sanding and fcher techniquees for growing cran- lerries. After his death in 1909, /Irs. Smith carried on, while Clare, he daughter, served for many years IS Sec.-Treas. of the W.S.C.G.A. M. O. Potter was another grower vho started from scratch and, al- hough ruined toy fire, he struggled mtil he became one of the more successful growers in Cranmoor. His ions, Guy, and Roy, with their sons md grandsons are still active in the ndustry. The John Arpin marsh (Central >anberry Co. and now Winnebago :ranberry Corp.) run by his son, i:. P., with the help of his 6 brothers, lad its ups and down from fire, rosts, insects and too rapid expan- sion for the available water supply. Poo, the marsh was run by remote control, since the Arpins were busy vith their lumber interests, although E. P. took considerable interest in the growers affairs. I can visuaUze to this day the sight of Mr. Whittlesey driving down the sandy, rutted road (Co. Trunk D.), in an open 2 cylinder, red Cad- illac, touring car, with the door for entrance and exit in the back, his wide brimmed hat flopping, his red- dish beard (a la Sec. of State Charles Hughes) parted by the wind on each side of his face and his coattails sailing in the breeze. Doubt if he exceeded 25 m.p.h. but to me he was really tearing along. Mr. Whit- tlesey was always in good humor and the butt of his own jokes. His wife was a gentle, lovely, well-edu- cated woman, who I always thought was much wiser than her spouse. All in all, they were excellent neigh- bors and a gracious couple. I was never able to straighten out the Rezin clan and even to this day I am confused as to their relation- ship, with Rezins active in all the cranberry areas in the state. Other growers whom I recall were McFarland, Skeels, Emmerichs, Fit- ches, and Wirtz's Too, many of the Grand Rapids folk had interest in some of the bogs. Nash's (Tom and Larry) Lester, Geo. Hill, F. J. Wood, and others. During the summer of 1908, a stu- dent by the name of C. L. Lewis from the U. of Minnesota, worked at the Station in order to gaiin some knowledge of cranberry growing. Within a few years, he was to build a bog in Northwest Wisconsin. Through the years, Charlie has been extremely active in all of the affairs of the industry. Thus, during the period (1908-11) under discussion, the pioneer fami- lies hewed out the bogs by hand and increased their yields per acre until they are now the highest in the nation. At present, these same bogs are being managed by the third and even fourth generation. At any rate, the original pioneers were all men and women of high cahber, who in spite of numerous hazards, continued their upward progress and carved out an industry in so-called "waste Areas" that still contributes materi- ally to the welfare of the State. Try Cranberries Advertising? 'E'^'fiA^.^Ajdk.. .^L^i*.X^< WEED CLIPPER $199.0C Weight 125 lbs. Span 6 ft. swarth Bearings %" Sealmaster Ball Bearings Wheels 26" Heavy duty hubs and spokes Motor Shock Mounted 3 H.P. Briggs and Stratton Blades Silico Manganese Spring Steel Frame Angle and formed steel members — light and extremely rigid Clutch V-Plex — Automatic centrifugal type WESTERN PICKER SAW BLADES— Spring Steel, 44 Rockwell C-24," 26" $2.50 CARLSON justice 5-2409 MANUFACTUR NG COMPANY KINGSTON, MASSACHUSETTS Raynor M. Gifford Raynor M. Gifford, a long-time and well-known cranberry grower of Rochester, Massachusetts passed away May 18. He died at the Tobey Hospital in Warebam after an illness of seven weeks. He was 71. As well as being a cranberry grower of long standing he was a member of the Rochester Board of Selectmen, having been elected in March to his 39th term. He was chairman of the Board and a leading force in the government of his town. He had also served as member of the Rochester School Committee. He was born in New Bedford. He at- tended Rochester schools, Fairhaven High School, and Tabor Academy in Marion. He was an "active cranberry grow- er up to the time of his last illness doing much of his own work. During the harvest last fall, despite his advanced years he ran a picking machine and carried bags of berries to the shore. In 1957 he became interested in Boy Scouting and donated land at Snow Pond for a Boy Scout camp which was named Camp Rayford. At a special town meeting to be held this month in Rochester there will be an article in the town war- rant seeking authorization to name a baseball field at Rochester Center in his honor. BANDON CRANBERRY FESTIVAL SEPT. 29-30 The 15th annual Bandon (Oregon) Cranberry Festival has been set for September 29 and 30. L. A. "Dutch" Reichlein has been elected president of the Cranberry Festival Associa- tion, succeeding "Jim" Olson who wiU serve as first vice president. Other officers are Mrs. Pete Hull, secretary and C. E. Waldrop, treas- urer. The Festival will feature, a parade, football game, queen coronation, dance, beef barbecue and cranberry fair. Chaperone for the five princes- ses to be chosen is Mrs. Pete Good- brod, assisted by Mrs. James Mills. It was announced that last year's Festival, one of the most successful ever staged netted a good profit. WISCONSIN LOCAL TAX REDUCTIONS Notice is contained in the Wiscon- sin Cranberry News, sent to mem- bers of the Wisconsin State Cran- berry Growers' Association concern- ing 1961 local tax assessments. A letter has been sent to boards of assessors by R. E. Wildes, super- visor of Assessors, Wisconsin De- partment of Taxation reminding that 25 percent of the full value of this class of property (cranberry lands) was removed for country valuation purposes in 1960. This adjustment was made be- cause it was felt the loss of estab- lished markets due to adverse pub- licity had decreased tthe market value of cranberry property. Notice says that after studying the facts as they now exist,, the Super- visor of Assessments has agreed to replace 40 percent of the amount removed from the 1960 value for the year 1961. Notice continues it is up to growers to check their own tax situation to determine if he has received the proper consideration. There were some properties, apparently, it is pointed out, that did not receive the reduction in rate in 1960. FIRST WINNER IN CRANBERRY HIGHWAY CONTEST First winner in the Cranberry Highway (Massachusetts) contest on "What I like best About Cranberry Highway," has been won by Mrs. Arnold G. Adams of Milton and a summer resident of West Brewster. The prize, amounting to $10.00 was announced by Robert S. Fugure, president of Cranberry Highway As- sociation. The contest is to continue monthly throughout the summer. Mrs. Adams was also made a life-time member of the association. CRANBERRIES PROVIDES A NEEDED MEDIUM OF INFORMATION FOR ALL GROWERS FRESH FROM THE FIELDS (Continued from Page 6) only four from 25 to 30. Most growers used water to protect the begs, but there was no damage as there was in Massacihusetts. However, the spring frost activity was greater than normal. There were warnings on April 29, May 2, 3, 4, 5, 17, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 27, 28, ar.:i on the 30th. As of the middle of June the out- l:ok lor the Jersey crop was very good. A larger than usual number of bogs were late-held in 1960 and these have extremely heavy bloom. Even bogs which were cropped last year seem to have a heavier than normal potential. WISCONSIN Spring Retarded May was cool and dry. Tempera- tures averaged 3 to 5 degrees below normal and precipitation was onlv about one third of normal. Following a much below normal April, the spring so far was exceptionally late. A number of new low temperature readings were estabUshed with al- most continual sub freezing weather the latter part of May on the marsh- es. In many instances where water supplies were running short, growers covered the vines with winter floods and left them. As water tempera- tures were cool and vine develop- ment retarded, little i: any water damage was expected. Coldest readings were reported at 12 degrees in northeastern marshes the third week of the month with all marshes reporting in the teens sev- eral times during the latter part of the month. The outlook for June is for temperature to average below seasonal normals with precipitation expected to be below normal in the rorth and near normal in the south. Little Frost Damage Vine development was considered a week to ten days behind normal at months end. Surprisingly there was little frost damage observed. Insect activity was at a standstill with a lew fireworm hatching on the last of the month. Constant flooding was raising havoc with solvent applica- tions but results seemed to be better than average. The delayed season was allowing later spot spraying. (Continued on Page 20) Eighteen fidjf^al^ ISSUE OF JUNE 1961 VOL 26 - NO. 2 THE FUTURE Last month, editorially, we discussed in connection with the starting of our 26th year of service to the industry, the changes which had taken place during that period. Will general water raking of the crop, in Wisconsin method, at least in Massachu- setts, be one of the new developments with- in the foreseeable future? Experiments with water raking at the Massachusetts Cranberry Experiment Sta- tion Bog seem to point that way. That this would be a tremendous innovation and a costly one is obvious. But probably the main basic reason why Wisconsin consis- tently produces larger crops per acre than Massachusetts is water raking. Very few berries are not gathered. Water raking of small sections at the State bog the past two years — and to be tried out again this fall — brought a larg- er gathered crop per acre than did the dry harvesting alongside. The first year there was a gain of 20 percent, and the second a gain of twice as much again. These results are startling, and too glaring to go unpur- sued. Probably few in the East, or on the West Coast would welcome the ardousness of water raking, and certainly not the big expense involved. Water supplies in Mass- achusetts as at present constituted are gen- erally not ample enough. These would have to be increased. There would have to be dikes built, if only temporary ones. New pumps would be needed. More fungicides used. But there is no getting around the fact that barrelage per acre is what counts. If water raking in the East is the economic answer, who will say it will not come about generally in the years to come? INTO THE PAST We go into the past in this issue with the articles by Dr. ^George L. Peltier, Wis- consin Cranberry Consultant concerning the once-existing Wisconsin Cranberry Ex- periment Station. There is none today as there are in Massachusetts, New Jersey and Washington. Dr. Peltier, a careful scientist and and researcher has dipped in the past to recall the days of the Wisconsin Station. We think it well that he does this. It puts facts which might otherwise in time be for- CLARENCE J. HALL Editor and Publisher EDITH S. HALL— Associate Editor Wareham, Massachusetts SUBSCRIPTIONS, $3,50 Per Year, FOREIGN, $4.50 CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin LEO A. SORENSON Cranberry Consultant Wisconsin Rapids Wisconsin Washington Dr. CHARLES C. DOUGHTY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. Oregon GRANT SCOTT Coquille, Ore. Massachusetts Dr. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. EDWARD K. KNAPP Barnstable County Agricultural Agent OSCAR S. JOHNSON Barnstable, Mass. New Jersey P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey gotten into the record. His recollection of the early days of the Station, its officials are vivid. So also are his recollections of some of the older Wisconsn growers who helped to pioneer this great industry in that state. We think his accounts of those rugged "horse and buggy days" when the automobile was just coming in, and his recollections of some of these pioneers make interesting reading and particularly to the Wisconsin growers of today. READ CRANBERRIES SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS FRESH FROM THE FIELDS (Continued from Page 18) Frost Still In Ground Due to the extreme depths of frost especially in the peat marshes, most marshes reflowed the first part of the month to pull this frost. The frost had penetrated very deeply due to the lack of snow cover the past winter. Some growers were still re- porting hard frost at month's end in dykes where bulkheads were being replaced. At month's end the cranberry grow- ers could use some extended warm weather and additional moisture. New plantings were not growing very rapidly and most of the new planting was completed in the south. WISCONSIN HEADQUARTERS FOR INSECTICIDES - FUNGICIDES HERBICIDES DUSTS - WETTABLE POWDERS - EMULSIONS Parafhion — Malathion Ferbam — Dowpon Liquid and Granular Weed and Bru»h Killer* Hopkins Agricultural Chemical Co. P.O. BOX 584 MADISON, WIS. Phone Alpine 7-1019 IN ^THE FROZEN FOOD CASI MR. GROWER Our Job is working for you. Merchandising and Marketing Wisconsin Grown Cranberries Fresh or Frozen ^^ -'^Kt iKMUllifuUl FROZEN FRESH WHOLE CRANffERTllES INDIAN TRAIL INC. Wisconsin Rapids WISCONSIN P.O. Box 710 ALL AREAS ESCAPE FROST EXCEPT MASSACHUSETTS All cranberry areas seem to have escaped spring frost up to the middle of June without much damage ex- cept Massachusetts and there the "killer-diller" of May 30 caused the most heavy damage in years. There the figure of loss estimated between 150,000 and 200.000 barrels is now ex- pected to be near the top figure. Such a loss, will of course, effect the total U. S. praduction with Massachusetts the sufferer. Some growers lost up to 90 percent of their 1961 crop. Soime lost 100 percent. MARKET AGREEMENT (Continued from Page 2) barrels but returns from the portion of the crop being sold in normal market channels are averaging low- er. In addition, growers are spend- ing more on advertising and promo- tion than ever before in an effort to restore consumer confidence. A net return this year of somthing less than $6.00 a barrel is forecast. This compares with earnings in 1957 of $12.22 and in 1958 o! $12.20. Li terms of total figures for the 1960 crop it is estimated that the returns to growers will be approximately $7,000,000 com- pared to an average farm value for the 1957 crop and 1958 crops of ap- proximately $13,000,000. Advertise In Cranberries Twenty SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS FOR SALE SEARLES JUMBO HOWES, McFARLIN Vines for delivery in 1961 $125.00 Ton F.O.B. INTERESTED IN PURCHASING WISCONSIN CRANBERRY PROPERTIES ««#:«:«4:*«:t Vernon Goldsworthy B.S. & M.S. University of Wisconsin Cranberry CJonsultant Fees Reasonable EAGLE RIVER WISCONSIN OUR PRODUCTS DANA MACHINE & SUPPLY Co. Wis. Rapids Wis. MF^S. of: SPRAY BOOMS GRASS CLIPPERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS Getsinger Retract« tooth pickers Dryers DISTR. of: VEE BELTS & PULLEYS ROLLER CHAINS SPROCKETS & BEARINGS CONVEYOR BELTING STEEL Your Foreman Deserves A Subscription to Cranberries; too strained Cranberry Sauce Whole Cranberry Sauce Cransweets Diced Cransweets Cranberry Apple Sauce Spiced Cranberries Cranberry Chilli Sauce Cranberry Bar-B-Q Sauce Cranberry Orange Relish Cranberry Vinegar Cranberry-Strawberry Preserves Cranberry Juice Cranberry-Cherry Preserves Cran-Beri Cranberry-Pineapple Preserves Cran-Vari Cranberry-Raspberry Preserves Cran-Puri Cranberry-Rhubarb Preserves Cranberry Puree Cranberry-Gooseberry Preserves Cran-Bake Sliced and Whole Maraschino Cranberries Consumer Size & Bulk Fresh Cranberries Cranberry Products, Inc. EAGLE RIVER, WISCONSIN CORRUGATED CULVERT PIPE and FLOW GATES FelkerSros. Mfg-Co. MARSHFIELD WISCONSiN Phone 230 - 231 WISCONSIN CRANBERRY GROWERS are using more Signature Fertilizer year after year • Pelletized • Homogeneous • Dustless • Free-Flowing « 50 lb. Bags E. RAUH & SONS FERTILIZER CO. Indianapolis & Plymouth, Ind. YOU Are reading this ad. Others will read yours in CRANBERRIES Magazine ^ft' ,c# ,c\* el uv t^#' 4 .e '?' iXo»^ I / /^ ■^i^n^^' *S^ ^ OCEAN SPRAY CRANBERRIES, INC VING A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY •^\\t ^^■V\OViA^tRANBERRyM>lC>IZ,Ar£ :RARY JUL 3 1 196, UNIVERSITi lASSACI L^ ^ APE COD iEYf JERSEY 1 - ! 1 j #f %^-. J ^r -^i^^^H WISCONSIN K ^ /^ . -■-J^_, ■■ OREGON IN "~^^^ ^H H WASHINGTON H CANADA MRS. CRAWFORD H. HOLLIDGE, 1 restored old Cape Cod Bog. (Cranber 35 Cents JULY 1961 DIRECTORY For CRANBERRY GROWERS Wcrcester Paper Box Corporation MEDFORD, MASS. Tel. MYstIc 8-5305 Manufacturers of Folding Cartons and Displays 1 CRANBERRIES MAGAZINE . . Is . . . The SOLE Publication Of The Industry Accepting ADVERTISING 1 The i iCHARLES W. HARRIS! 1 Company | 1 26 Somerset Ave | 1 North Dighton, Mass. | 1 AMES 1 1 Irrigation Systems | 1 Sprinklers | 1 Weed killers | i Insecticide* ■ ■ Fnngicides 1 1 from B s Cal. Spray Chemical Company | B Dupont Company H WATER WHITE KEROSENE For use on Cranberry Bogs Also STODDARD SOLVENT Prompt Delivery Service Franconia Coal Co. — Inc. — Wareham, Mass. Tel. CY 5-0039 EQUIPMENT HAYDEN - SEPARATOR - WAREHAM, MASS. Irrigation Systems PUMPS SEPARATORS - BLOWERS SCREENHOUSE EQUIPMENT DARLINGTON PICKING MACHINES Wareham Savings Bank WAREHAM and FALMOUTH Savings Accounts Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent Phone CYpress 5-3800 Kimball 8-3000 The National Be Conveniently locate mk of Wareham 1 for Cranberry Men Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK ALFRED PAPPI At Screenhouses, Boss and Pumps Means Satisfaetioa WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. CY 5-2000 Funds always avail able for sound loans SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES Complete Ba nking Service Member Federal De poBit Insurance Corp. KEEP INFORMED ON CRANBERRY NEWS THROUGH CRANBERRIES MAGAZINE TAKE ADVANTAGE of the BETTER things of life. The efficient USE OF ELECTRICITY is one of these better things — efficient use in power for cran- berry bog operations, and in the home. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM CYpress 5-0200 PLYMOUTH Pilgrim 6-1300 STODDARD SOLVENT (Available Year Round) WATER WHITE KEROSENE BOTTLED GAS Water Heating Cooking Carburetion m 6-4545 m'f^. Central Heating CARVER, MASS. GUMFINGER RAKES SANDVIK SCYTHES WELL PIPES AND SUPPLIES LUMBER ORANGEBURG PIPE CEMENT PRODUCTS CARVER SUPPLY CO. UN 6-4480 CARVER, MASS. DOES PROMOTION PAY OFF? Does Promotion Pay Off? You bet. A $4-million nationwide promotional campaign for frozen orange concen- trates increased sales siifficiently to bring the industry and estimated additional $18 million in gross in- come . . . which it probably would not have had received otherwise. This is the report on a study made by USDA to measure the effects of a campaign to market an unusually heavy supply of orange concentrates. The promotion was financed by pro- ducers of the product and conducted with the co-operation of Florida Citrus Commission— (American Fruit Grower.) READ CRANBERRIES r NEW BURLAP BAGS for your PICKING MACHINES MADE TO ORDER WHITMAN BAG CO. WHITMAN, MASS. Peter B. Berman Tel. JUniper 3-6466 OR WARwick 5-2618 .^ MIDDLEBOROUCH TRUST COMPANY MIDDLEBORO MASS. Member of The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Vandals Do Damage At Station In Washington Sometime during the weekend of July 1, vandals broke into the green- house of the Coastal Washington Ex- periment Station at Long Beach, Washington and stripped blueberry- bushes of fruit. The berries on the bushes were from blossoms that had been carefully emasculated and pol- linated by hand with pollen from selected superior varieties as parents. The experiment was designed to de- velope varieties that would grow particularly well on the Pacific Coast in Washington. Superintendent Dr. Charles C. Doughty said this project had been under development for about a year and time, effort and money involved If You Want A Good Flume At A Low Cost Use All Heart Redwood 2 Car Loads Due For Your Fall Requirements 6x8 — 6x6 — 4x6 — 4x4 Planking - Square Edged or Matched 2x6 — 2x8 2x10 2x 12 SEND FOR YOUR FREE FOLDER ON THE "DURABILITY OF REDWOOD" E. W. Goodhue Lumber Co., Inc. MIDDLEBORO ROAD EAST FREETOWN, MASS Phones Rockwell 3-8811 — Middleboro 1275 ^<^ l^Sk IF s^ii 1 Retain natural flavor I without over-sweetness | I I I I AND CORN SYRUPS I \^i CORN PRODUCTS COMPANY ^ Manufacturers of fine products for the food industry ...and | popular Best Foods Division grocery brands for the consumer. was valued at approximately $3,000. All this was destroyed and the pro- ject has been set back a year. Dr. Doughty declared the station is tax supported and the state is the loser. He said that some irresponsi- ble people apparently had the idea that since the station is tax supported they had the right to come in and take whatever they wished. He said that visitors are welcome provided they -visit the office and some mem- iber of the staff shows them around. He said the practice of "wandering around" alone was dangerous to those doing so as disease controls were in progress with dangerous chemicals. Will Furnish Stock and Plant In 1961 at $495 Per Acre the following varieties: BLACK VEILS (earliest variety of all), BEN LEAR (early), STEVENS (Mid-season, US DA introduction), McFarlin Pure Strain (late). Also Prolifics, Howes, Searles if desired at reduced prices. Write for particulars. VERNON GOLDSWORTHY CRANBERRY PRODUCTS, Inc, Eagle River, Wisconsin FOR BETTER PEST CONTROL Use these reliable generaHhemical products: DDT Maiathion Parathion Ferbam Zineb GENERAL CHEMICAL DIVISION 40 Rector Street, New York 6. N. Y. Mass. Cranberry Station and Field Notes by J. RICHARD BEATTIE Extension Cranberry Specialist Personals Dr. Fred Chiamdler has been ill and jonlfined to his home in Mariom for ilbouit tjwo weeks. iHis doctor reports ihat Fred iiis dlniproving bolt will not )e back at tlhe station for a wMle. iVe know fjhat his friends will want o send him a card or stop in for a jrielf visit when in the area. Dr. Bert Zuckerman left July 10 'or Europe where he will attend an [ntematioinial (Symposium to be held alt the University of Ghent in Bel- gium. Bert will! present a paper on lis nematode investigations at fche Symposium. He also plans to visit several experiment stations, includ- ■ng the Rothiaimsted Station in Eng- I'amd, tlhe Waigeniinigen Station in the Netherlands, and the fcstitute of Pomobgy din Poland, Frost Notes The spring frost season came to a close June 15 after a very active sea- son. Sixteen general warnings were released compared to only 3 a year ago. These inlolude the afternoon and evening forecasts. Massachusetts growers will long remember the night of May 30-31 Iwlhen frost took an esti- mated 25-30 percent of the crop po- tential. This was the most dalmagkig frost since May 18, 1944 and one of the most damaging in our history. |We hiave no reason to 'change the original estimate of the loss reported in last month's 'issue of Cranberries Magazine. The severely damaged bogs appear to be making satisfac- tory recovery in most instances. Growers have been urged to protect the new growth from fireworms, cut- worms and leaf hoppers. A hght ap- plication of a complete fertilizer in late July or early August would bene- fit some of these bogs that were so badly damaged, Inseoc activity has ibeen light, at leaslt through the earlly stage of the fruitworm season. There are of course the usual "hot spots" that afljways re- quire attention, but in general we are enjoying a cycle when insect populations are somewlhat i^educed. However, this situation can change very raipidiy and a constant and care- ifii check of all bogs is always in order. Weeds, on the other hano, are flour- ishing and if anything are more vig- orous than ever. Unless clearance can be secured for certain cihemioals, some weeds wOl continue to flourish Unfortunately, our present list of ap- proved dheoniilcals is too limited to adequately cope with a number of our weed problems. There is no in- dibation that the list will be expanded this year. The heavy rains of July 14-16 (3.45 inahes, relieved a serious drought condition that was becoming critical on many bogs. June rainfa'll was only 1.06 inches as recorded at our sta- tion, and the first 13 days of July measured only .16 indhes, or a total of 1.22 inches over a 6-week period. Bogs were beginning to show drought injury and every effort was being made to irrigate them by flash flood- ing use of portable irrigation equip- ment, and by raising the water in the ditches. However, there is no substi- tute for a good rain such as the one experienced July 14. The annual task of estimating the size of the crop will soon ibe here. This year, with the severe frosit dam- age, some hail and drought losses, it lis particularly important that grow- ers take the time to carefully esti- mate the crop and return the inlfor- mation to Mr. C. D. Steven's office in Boston. Last year the largest num- ber of reports in our history was re- turned to Mr. Steven's office. We hope to establish a new record this year. The value of reliable crop re^ports is dbvious. GOVERNMENT MONEY The following ex:ce(nptts ftroim tihe Hymooiitlh Oounty 1961 Aigriouilturall Conservatioin Progtraon Handlbook as amienided t^U wfbat Federal Jielip you can get on preifaibricated flumes. "Practice No. F-l(C) ReorgraniziuK cranbeVry bog wate»- management systems to conserve water and prevent erosion. "The praotic€? must be carried out in accordance with a reorganization plan approved by the responsible technician. *♦♦ The Soil Conservation Service is responsibW for (1) a finding that the practice is needed and practicable on the farm, (2) neicessary site selection, other preliminary work, and layout work of the practice, (3) necessary supervision of the in- stallation, and (4) certification of performance for all require- ments of the/ practice. *** "Eligible measures : Cost sharing will be allowed for earthwork, materials and protective measures that are' a necessary part of cranberry bog dikes, flumes, canals, and ditches that are" used primarily to conduct water to the bog area, regulate water on he bog area, or return used water from a bog area to storage re'servoir for subsequent re-use.*** MAXIMUM FEDERAL COST SHARE "50% of the otual cost of approved measures not to exceed: $8.00 per inch of outleit diameit* for prefabricated flumes." To itake adviantage of this, tfirst of aiU get in touch wittih your County OomimSttee. /For Plymouitih 'County, tJhiiS' is at tihe iB^ookton Court House. When you are all signed u|p, and your ip(ra«»tic« ap- proved, foir your pretfalblricated flume, see RUSSELL A. TRUFANT HYDRAULIC CONSULTANT PREFABRICATED FLUMES BOG RAILROADS UNION 6-3696 North Carver, Mass. Brockton Fair The Cape Cod Cranberry Growers Association sponsored an excellent exhli'bit at Brockton Fair July 1—9. It featured cranberry dishes prepared by the wives of growers and friends of the industry. Recipes for these particular dishes, plus many others, were distributed to thousands of peo- ple who viewed the exhibit in the State Building. In addition, the public had an opportunity to see some typi- cal cranberry scenes shown v.rith the aid of an automatic slide projector. The Darlington and Western picking macliines were on display and at- tracted considerable attention. Annual Meeting The 74th Annual Meeting of the Cajpe Cod Cranberry Growers Asso- iciation will be held August 22 at the Cranberry Experiment Station be- ginning at 10 a.m.. The program will jnclude machinery and equipment ex- hxbits, guided tours of the Srate Bog, a chicken and cranberry barbecue, reports from station staff members, a talk by Dr. Martin D. Gaiber, Di- rector of the Food Distribution Divi- sion of the United States Department of Agriculture, and the crop report by ^d Control First blossoms were noted the mid- dle of the month in the south and the last in the north. The 90 degree readinigs the last of the month started tiie new plantings growing. It was an exceptionally good spring for planting with most of the vines catobing well. Undervine boom spray- ing with solvent icontimied into the middle of June "w^ith good results. The warm wealtiher the first of the montih brouigiht an end to spot and lOver the top spraying on producing beds. On the average the controls with solvent and kerosene were good. The appli- cations Of 24D granules made in May showed good control on annual weeds in June although in some instances vines were damaged due to ixneven applications (being made. It would ap- pear that this type of weed control has consiiderable promise and ua> idoubtedly considerable acreage wiH be treated next year. As expected, Ifireworm was quite ijumer'ous in all areas and good con- trols were effected where applica- tions were made the first week in June. Weather conditions were ideal SHARON BOX COMPANY, INC. ESTABLISHED 1886 SHARON, MASSACHUSETTS We Will Buy Your White Pino Logs, Either Standing or Cut • Highest Prices Paid • Sawmill located at North Carver, Mass. Stop in at North Carver, or Phone Sharon, Sunset 4-2021 C. & L EQUIPMENT CO. 1 191 LEONARD STREET ACUSHNET, MA for dusting and the worms appeared quite evenly following supressed hatching the last week in May. The first fruitworm millers were observed the last of the month and controls were expected to start the end of the first week in July. Sweepings noted more spanworm than normal and controls were being planned on considerable acreage. Will Not Have Bumper Crop A sudden drop in temperatures the nig'bt of June 14th brought some frost loss in aU areas. In some instances considerable damage was sustained: and >it is estimated a total of about 100 acreage was lost. On the 27th a hailstorm hit the Phillips and Manito- wish Waters area with possibly a 10 percent average loss in those areas. It was also reported that there was some winter damage showing up on shallow flooded beds, primarily in the Warrens area. The net result of the aibove means that Wisconsin can not have a bumper crop as the bud- ding had 'indicated. Harvey Ward Harvey Ward 62, died at the River- view Hospital, Wis. iRapids on June 26 following a hngering illness of six months. For many years he and his brother Francis operated the Ward Brothers marsh in Cranmoor, until they sold eig'ht years ago. He is sur- vived by a son and three grandchil- dren. An ardent fisherman and hunt er, Mr. Ward will be sadly missed bj his companions. MASS. Cranberry Bog Service PRUNING FERTILIZING RAKING WEED TRIMMING Machinery Sales PRUNERS RAKES POWER WHEELBARROWS WEED TRIMMERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS - Large & Small For Further Information Call F. P. CRANDON Rockwell 3-5526 C. J. TRIPP Wyman 5-2013 n. C LEONARD Wyman 5-3521 NEW JERSEY June Rainier The month of June was cooler anc wetter than normal. The averagf temperature was 69.8°, which is 1.4' less than normal. The nights wen very cool with more than half o them being below 60° and five be (Continued on Page 14) CRANBERRY PICKING BOXES Shooks, or Nailed Let me repair your broken boxes — or repair them yourself. Stock Always on Hand F. H. COLE Tel. Union 6-3330 North Carver, Maai. 5?^ Retired Couple Began Cape Bog As Hobby But Now Take Work Seriously Mrs. Crawford H. Hollidge is Secretary of New Cape Cod Cranberry Club — Have one Acre Piece on Beautiful Estate at Marstons Mills — Both Ardent Sportsmen. by Clarence J. Hall A oentury-old cranberry bog deemed worth rebuilding, visualized as a purely landscape adjuntt, has turned into a small agrtilcuitural business. Per- haps this is the only bog in the industry with such a history. It is on the "Steppin Stone" estate of Col. and Mrs. Crawford H. Hollidge at Marstons Mills, Cape Cod, Massachusetts. Marstons Mills is a rual section of the Cape and is so named because an early fulling mill was located there. So interested in cranberries has Mrs. Mary H. Hollidge become, that shie is now serviing her first term as secretary otf the Cape Cod Cranberry Clulb. She served Wo terms as secretary of the Upper Cape Cod Cranberr^ iClub, now united with the Lower Cape to form one group. She is also a imember of the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association. Stepping Stones is an estate of 30 acres located on the shores of both HairabHiin's land Middle ponds and ad- jaioent to Mystic pond. This location was selected iby Col. Hodlidge as a home site from the air when he was a pilot in the United States Aiir Force in about 1929. He came to the Mar- stons Mills airport for siimmer train- ing and noted the location by the tlhree lakes and decided that was Where he wanted to Ibuild. Beautiful Estate The estate, however, was not start- ed untU 1939 and not finished until 1946 because of the war. A great deal of beautiful landscaping was done and finally, the HoUidges de- cided to restore a small bog, which : had grown up into a sizeable wooded ; area. "We loved the color of a cran- l berry bog, especially in the spring ; 'and in the redness of fall. Then, too, I a cranberry bog is typical of the 1 Cape. Cranberry growing is a prin- ; cipal industry and we wanted to tie i in with everything typically Cape 1 Cod," Mrs. Hollidge says. "Although we started the bog as ; a land improvement project" Mrs. : Hollidge continues, "the first pro- duction of berries made us realize we had a business on our handts. We are very interested in the cran- berry industry and try to operate it on a strictly commercial basis, even though on a very small basis." Bog On Pond Margin The bog icurves around the margin of HambUn's Pond. It was set out in 1948, the work being done by John SWelds of Osterville, well known Gape grower and landscape artist. Native underbrush and trees were cleared away and the bog was re- built on a sandy basin. It was plant- ed to Early Blacks. The HoUidges are members of Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. through which cooperative they mar- ket. The bog can be frost flowed and winter flowed. Middle Pond is about two feet higher than Hambhn's Pond and the flowage comes from that body of water. This is a very un- usual condition when one considers the fact that these two spring fed ponds lie side by side, no further thian 50 feet apart at several spots. Flowing is started by gravity until the ditches are full and then it be- comes necessary to turn on an elec- tric pump to complete the flooding. Drainage is into Hamblin's Pond. The pump is controlled from the Hollidge home at Stepping Stones, so it can be flowed on frost nights without leaving the house, as the level is automatically controlled so that any excess drains directly into Hambhn's Pond. As the bog is close beside a considerable body of water, the three ponds, frost flowing is not too often necessary. Since the bog is built on a sandy basin this will not retain a winter flood. However, the HoUidges watch the weather reports and if a cold spell is threatened they turn on the pump. The water wiU hold if it freezes. Even though the bog is so diminutive, they subscribe to the frost warning service sponsored by Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' As- sociation and conscientiously flow when they deem it necessary. Harvesting is done by Shields, either with a Western picker or by hand. Since the bog is so close to HELICOPTER PEST CONTROL qqins ^irwaui MM NORWOOD, MASS. * DUSTING and SPRAYING RAY MORSE, Agent TEL. CY 5-3928 The one-acre bog curves around the margin of Hamblin's Fond. the pond air insect control is out of the question because the pond would be contaminated by the spray. So it is necessary to use ground rigs. There is some spot hand spray- ing but for larger jobs Shield does the work. As A Ck>-operator Mrs. Hollidge attends not only meetings of the Upper Cape Cran- berry Club and Cape Cod Growers, but weed clinics and other meetings as well. She beheves that the staff of the Massachusetts Cranberry Ex- periment Station and the Cape Cod Extension Service do a very im- portant job in holding weed and in- sect clinic meetings. When it comes to bog troubles, small as this one is, the Hollidges have bad their own share, Mrs. Hol- lidge says. One year there was win- ter kill. They knew nothing of this at the time and so were caught. Now they know better and are ready to put on a winter flood when winds are about to turn icy and the vines are frozen in. There has also been trouble with blackheaded fireworm and fruit worm. Mrs. Hollidge sometimes goes on the bogs and weeds herself, and sweeps the bog for insects, but this work is usually done by help kept cn the estate as is the spraying. The Hollidges came to the Cape where they now make their year- round home from Milton, near Bos- ton. CjI. Hollidge was formerly presi- dent of the C. Crawford Hollidge stO'ies in Boston, Wellesley and Hy- :nii3. He is new retired. Mrs. Hollidge attended schools in Maiden and Milton and is a gradu- ate of Sargent School of Physical Culture at Cambridge. Besides being secretary of the Cape Cod Cranberry Club she is a member of and chairman of the Five Rivers Branch of Cape Cod Hospital. This branch takes in the villages of Osterville, Centerville, Marstons Mills, Santuit and Cotuit, all in the township of Barnstable. She is also a member of the Oster- ville Garden Club and is a member of the conservation committee. Both Ardent Sportsmen Both Col. and Mrs. Hollidge are ardent sportsmen. They often go on (Cranberries Photo) six weeks hunting trips in the fall to Maine, New Hampshire and Yar- mouth. Here they bag deer, bear and bob cats. They also have gone deer hunting on Nantucket. Both belong to a select group of precision shooters, called "Bench- rest Shooters," and Col. Hollidge made his first worlds record in 1953 at Johnstown, New York when he shot a 10-shot gi-oup at 100 yards measuring .2677 inches. He has since made six varying classifications. Such a degree of accuracy requires bullets that are of greater accuracy than those which are commercially ^available, as well as special tech- niques and tools. Naturally, a de- mand developed for such accurate bullets under the trade name of "Spintru," and both bullets and cer- tain other products are sold from coast to coast. Wrote For Magazines Col. Hollidge wrote two different columns for nationally-pubUshed shooting magazines in addition to retaining a very live interest in tlie Air Force activities, from which he (Continued on Page 14) Preliminary Report on Cranberry Soil Studies - 1960 by F. B. Chandler and I. E. Demoranville Introduction The reaction of soils may be acid (sour), neutral, or alkaline (sweet or basic), but nearly all cranberry isoils are acid. Chandler (3) explained pH and how it could be changed in the soil, expressing the importance of maximum exposure to rain. Har- mer (7) believed the ideal range of pH for cranberry soils was 3.0 to 4.0. Bain (1), reporting the pH of soil in relation to yield, found the range in Wisconsin soils to be between 3.6 and 6.6. Stevens (6) reported on the pH of about 100 lakes and reservoirs in both Wisconsin and Massachusetts as follows: Chandler and Demoranville (4), in reporting saline conditions in a bog in Massachusetts, reported the pH of water in reservoirs and ditches from 3.3 to 6.3. Unpublished pH studies from Massachusetts show a range from 3.6 (rebuilt bog) to 6.5 (old bog), and 6.6 (sand to be xised in sanding). Render (8) found the soils from cranberry bogs in Ocean Coun- ty, New Jersey, to be 4.4. It was lelt that weeds on cran- berry bogs were generally on the in- crease, also certain types of weeds that were considered minor pests a few years ago, such as summer grass, nutgrass, sorrel and ragweed. Comparison of Flooding Water Used on Cranberries in Wisconsin and Massachusetts Number of Properties pH Wisconsin Massachusetts 4.2 - 5.0 13 5 5.1 - 6.0 16 35 6.1 - 7.0 43 56 7.1 - 7.5 10 4 7.6 - 7.9 14 . 8.0 - 8.7 6 - were now becoming very abundant. In the case of nutgrass and summer grass, a large number of bogs have heavy infestations that have reduced the stand of vines and consequently the crops produced. There were a few indications that the pH of cran- berry soils had been changing over a long period of time due to various cultural practices, and a project was started to find out if there was any relationship between soil acidity, type of weed present, and the yield per acre. Methods . In late summer and fall of 1960, 275 soil samples were taken from 39 bogs or sections of bogs. These sam- ples represented different types of ibog management and many species of weeds. There were 168 samples from bogs where Early Blacks were produced, 87 from bogs that produced Howes, and 20 from bogs that pro- duced other varieties. The yields ranged from nothing to crops of 380 barrels per acre. Each soil sam- ple was a composite of a number of borings obtained with an Oliver soil sampling tube. These samples were sieved through a 20-mesh soil sieve Mo . 4.dd 1^.i,oo -^ ^^ III' • ^^ y z /^ X -J ^ y 5 AAO X y / A.SO S\.1S vAi^ .-^^ y > J^)>-^^ ^ 5 dL •X ^/ -1 UJ a. / / Q. / A50 / / J.20 11.50 J / / 0 / ^^5^ I ■to / y a 4:60 / 3.90 24.15 / /"' . ^ ^ y ^ / / ^/ 4.70 / y 3.60 ■2100 20 AO 60 80 )Q0 C RO P CBBL PER ACRE) I Nine and a 10 g. aliquote was placed in a beaker with 10 ml. of water. After stirring, the solution was allowed to stand for 5 minutes, the pH was then determined to one one-hundredth. Then 1 ml. of O.OIM CaCl2 was ad- ded and the pH determined again. Later, the soils were all tested for iron, manganese, calcium, alumi- num, potassium and phosphorus, us- ing the Morgan Test (9). These data were all punched on McBee cards for sorting. The acidity was punched to the nearest tenth of a pH. Results - pH The soil samples ranged from a pH of 3.72 to 5.46, with 258 of the 275 samples between 4.0 land 5.0, about 94 ^f. The samples with a pH of from 4.0 to 5.0 were then separ- ated into groups by tenths of a pH (4.0, 4.1, 4.2, etc.) This separation did not show a distinct mode; how- ever, 190 of the 258 samples, or 73.6 percent, were in the range of pH 4.2 to 4.6. A record of the crop produced in 1960 was obtained for all bogs that were sampled. These crop data were separated into several groups: poor — 0 to 39 barrels per acre, average — 40 to 59 barrels per acre, good — 60 to 89 barrels per acre, and ex- cellent — over 90 barrels per acre. In comparing production with pH, a slight but consistant trend was noted between larger crops and low- er pH (Fig. I). This trend is brought out more strikingly when the pro- duction data is grouped into two categories, average and below — 0 to 59 barrels per acre, and above average — over 60 barrels per acre. The soil from nearly 59 percent of all the bogs producing small crops fell in the pH range of 4.4 to 4.6, while nearly 51 percent of all the bogs producing large crops fell in the pH range of 4.1 to 4.3. In each instance this represents less than one-third of the pH range. Resiilts - Soil Elements The iron content of the soil samples ranged, on a relative scale, from 1 (low) to 10 (very high), and did not seem to be associated with size of crop produced. Seventy-nine per- cent of all samples had an iron con- tent from medium high to very high. Fisher (5) reported a relationship between iron and crop in Washington in 1951; however, chandler (2) could not find such a relationship in Massa- chusetts. The determinations of man- ganese, calcium and potassium did not vary greatly. They were all low and the small variations did not seem to be associated with any observed factors. Aluminum content of the soils was fairly high, with 77 percent of all samples in the range of medium to medium high, and did not seem to be associated with either crop or pH. The phosphorus content of the soil ranged, on a relative basis, from 1 (very low) to 8 (high). Fifty percent of the samples had a medium phosphorus content. In com- paring production with phosphorus content of the soil, a trend was noted between larger crops and high phos- phorus. The soil from 52 percent of the bogs producing above average crops had a phosphorus content above 25 ppm., while soil from only 36 percent of the bogs producing below average crops fell in this category. This trend is shown in Fig. I where it would appear that a lower pH combined with a higher soil phos- phorus was present with greater fre- quency on bogs producing larger than average crops. Table I Type of Weed and Average Crop No. Av. Crop Weed Samples Bbls./A. clean 32 91 summer grass 42 58 cutgrass 30 62 nutgrass 24 51 aster 23 49 ragweed 14 59 loosestrife 12 62 Results - Weeds All samples were collected from areas that were relatively weed-free (clean) or from areas having some specific type of weed infestation. Soil samples were collected from areas having 29 different types of weeds; however, there were rela- tively few samples for many of these. Approximately 65 percent of the samples collected were from clean areas or areas having one of the following six weeds: summer grass, cutgrass, nutgrass, loosestrife, aster and ragweed. There did not seem to be any relationship between amounts of specific soil elements and type of weed infesting the area, or between weedy and clean areas. The exception to this occurred for asters where 19 out of 23 samples had a high iron content which may have been at least partially caused by the practice of using iron sulfate for control of this weed. As might be expected, the average crop for the clean bog was larger than the crops from weedy bogs (Table 1). This does not necessarily mean that the crops were poorer because of the presence of weeds, but possibly from some other factor not observed that weakened the vines and allowed the weeds to grow. While there were indications that specific weeds occurred with more frequency in certain narrow pH ranges, there was enough overlap- ping with pH values found in clean ■areas to make it impossible to draw any conclusions on whether soil pH has any influence on type of weed present. Howevere, ragweed, aster, and nutgrass did seem to occur more frequently on the soils in the higher pH range of 4.3 to 4.7, while a high percentage of clean bogs were in the range of 3.9 to 4.3. Literature Cited 1. Bain, H. F. Wisconsin's 1945 and 1946 cranberry crops. Cranberries 12 (5): 8-11, 27. 1947. 2. Chandler, F. B. Minor Elements. Cranberries 19 (11): 9. 1955. 3. Chandler, F. B. Soil Acidity. Cran- berries 25 (5) : 7-8. 1960. 4. Chandler, F. B. and I. E. De- moranville. The harmful effect of salt on cranberry bogs. Cranber- ries 24 (8): 6-9. 1959. 5. Fisher, R. A. Soil data on nutri- tion on Wasihington State bogs. Cranberries 16 (2): 8, 10. 1951. 6. Franklin, H. J. and Neil E. Ste- vens. Weather and water as fac- tors in cranberry production. Mass. Agr. Expt. Station Bui. 433: 37-48. 1946. 7. Harmer, Paul M. The muck soils of Michigan. Special Bui. 314. 1941. 8. Render, Walter J. and Norman F. Childers. Growth of cranberry plants (V. macrocarpon) with vari- ous sources of nitrogen. Proc. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 74: 407-413. 1959. 9. Lunt, H. A., H. G. M. Jacobson and C. L. W. Swanson. The Mor- gan soil test system. Conn. Agr. Expt. Sta. (New Haven) Bui. 541. 1958. Observations And Recommendations For Frost Protection by John (Stan) Norton Associate Professor Agricultural Engineer at Massachusetts Cranberry Station While the memory of the Memorial Day frost in Massachusetts is fresh in growers minds, I think it would be worthwhile to set down some ob- servations and opinions that may be of value in the future. A number of growers with sprink- ler systems suffered varying degrees of frost injury on the night of May 30th. Some have inquired as to my opinion of why this happened. I am convinced that it was due to starting their sprinklers ioo late. I do not be- lieve that any apparent injury oc- curred while the sprinklers were (being operated. An alternate possi- bility might be that where intermit- tent operation was practiced, injury oocurred during the off cycle. Temperature Gradient Perhaps some will argue that they started their systems when the tem- perature reached 32 °F. and they still got injury. To this I must say that (their itlhermometer must not have been properly located for the con- ditions of that night. I agree with the recommendation of placing the thermometer bulb at the level of the vine tips. This location will most consistently give the lowest tempera- ture reading in the immediate vicin- ity. However, a fact that I feel many growers do not know is that the temperature can vary as much as 5°F. in two inches. Furthermore, I have hundreds of temperature read- ings sbowinig from 3° to 7° higher temperature six inches above the vines than that at vine level. These temperature measurements have been made in a vertical line, so the differences are due strictly to the influence of elevation and the vines on stratification of the air. The normal temperature gradient on a typical frost night is for the lowest temperature to occur just at vine level. From that level the temperature will be progressively higher down in the vines as well as above the vines. This normal con- dition occurs only on clear, oahn nights because heat is radiated from the surface of the vines, or other vegetation, into space. The air in contact with the radiating plant sur- faces is cooled by them and drifts to a lower elevation as it becomes heavier. However, as the air settles down into the vines it is warmed up again by heat from the soil and lower vines. A wet soil surface will tend to raise the minimum temperature slightly due to more rapid heat transfer to the soil surface. A dry soil or heavy leaf mulch will permit lower temperatures because they are insulators that tend to prevent the heat within the soil from reaching the surface where it could warm the air. Since cranberry ibogs are ordinarily in the lowest areas, the coldest air from surrounding areas ultimately drains into them. This air has been cooled by contact with upland plant surfaces which were cooled by radiating their heat to the sky. However, if the ground is wet, FIGHT FRUITWORM WITH NIAGARA AQUA PHOSKIL 8 (Liquid Parathion) AND NIAGARA SEVIN Niagara Quality Formulations for Efficient, Economical Control — ALSO AVAILABLE — Complete Line of Fungicides and Herbicides JOSEPH PELIS 378 Central Street West Acton, Massachusetts colonial 3-7972 Sleven as would be the case after a heavy rain, it will continue to reheat the air as it drifts along to the lower levels. This is the reason why dan- gerous frosts seldom occur within the first day or two after an exten- sive rainfall of over IV2 inches. Cloud Effect It is a fact of physics that all sur- faces are continually radiating heat. But at the same time they are ab- sorbing heat radiated from other objects. The rate of radiation is related to the temperature ol the object. Consequently, a warmer object will radiate more heat toward a cold object than it receives. Since outer space is much colder than the earth's surface, the earth loses its heat to space at night. Now, on a very clear night, the upper surfaces of the cranberry plants that are exposed to the open sky are free to radiate their heat into space. The only way this heat can be replaced (during clear condi- tions) is by circulation of warm air or by radiation and conduction of heat from the soil or lower vines. However, if a cover of clouds moves in, radiation from the vines will con- tinue but some of it will be reflected back by the clouds and at the same time heat within the cloud mass will be radiating down to the earth sur- face to replace much of the heat that is lost. This latter affect is the li![1S'IIBi1ira':ii^iilH:||IH![|IH'n!IIW!i:RI reason clouds prevent frost. Wind Effect The night of May 30th was not a normal frost night. And it was this deviation from normal that I be- lieve caused the amount of frost injury that occurred where sprinkler systems were operated during the night. As you are all aware, it was the wind that made the difference. Under the previous section, I sta- ted that heat radiated from the plant surface on a clear night could be replaced by radiation and conduction from the soil and lower vines or by circulation of warmer air. Wind, provides for the circulation of warm- er air. Even a very light wind will create enough turbulence to prevent the cold air from settling in fairly open areas, thus keeping the vines surrounded with air warm enough to prevent frost injury. One hazard that results from wind, when conditions are otherwise favor- able for frost, is the false sense of security that it causes. This, I am certain, was true in some cases on May 30th. The wind blew hard early in the evening and still persisted in some areas till well after midnight. This time, however, the very cold air mass that was associated with the cold front was an abnormal con- dition for the season. The cold air settled into the sheltered valleys and S'W m m m m 'W mi':m^'-Ki"'WSx:z"'A Aerial Spraying and Dusting also Fertilizing We Specialize In Parathion Applications both Sprays and Dusts AERIAL SPRAYERS, Inc. (FORMERLY MARSHFIELD AIRWAYS, INC.) Marshfield, Mass. Thos. S. Weitbrecht (Whitey) Temple 4-7818 illllHIIIHIIIfl!IIIBIIIIBIIiiPli;Hlli;SIIIW:i{iBlliiBllllHllliailllHIIIH:ii'Silli!HIIIIHIIIIHIin Twelve ■ pockets long before the wind died on higher land or more open ex- panses. Furthermore, the air became calm enough to permit damaging radiation coohng along both the up- wind and downwind edges of bogs where shores and uplands rose sharp- ly above the bog. The wind could not follow these sharp contours but followed a smoother curve into and out of the bog leaving pockets of undisturbed air along both shores. If the thermometer were not located down at vine level in one of these sheltered spots, it could not indicate the minimum temperature on the bog until the wind died out com- pletely. A less dramatic effect of wind than that of May 30th is one that alters the temperature gradient so that the coldest air is well down in the vines. This condition occurs when there are light intermittent breezes. During periods of calm the cold air settles in the normal pattern with its coldest elevation at vine level. Then, when a breeze starts, it sweeps the cold air from the bog surface leav- ing the air in the vines undisturbed. This process, when repeated fre- quently, results in the coldest air being down near the ground. Tem- perature records on the night of June 4, 1958, when the forecast was for borderline conditions on the State Bog, showed the lowest tem- perature of 30° at two inches above the ground. The next level at five inches was 33^4° and the six-inch level or vine tip level was 35 ^ 2°. The averages of eleven temperature readings taken at 20-minute intervals from 2 a.m. to 5:20 a.m. were two- inch, 32°; five-inch, 34%°; and six- inch, 35°. This rather unusual condition ac- counts for frosting in dishpan size depressions when surrounding vines only two or three inches higher are undamaged. I think that both of the foregoing wind conditions occurred on May 30th which would account for extensive frost injury along the up- wind and downwind shores of bogs in the first case and the many small spots only a few square feet in size scattered over the bog surface. This injury could have occurred while the thermometer read in the lower 30's if it were located in an open area only two or three inches above the vines. Consequently, it would have ■ occurred before the sprinkler sys- tem was operated. The same shorehne frosts probably occurred on flooded bogs before the grower suspected that dangerous temperatures had been reached. In these cases the injury is probably at- tributed to "high edges" by the grower, rather than late starting of his flooding operation. The table shows some typical tem- perature gradients from two inches to 24 inches above the ground for a sprinkled area and a nearly (50 feet away) unsprinkled area. Most of these records were made in late October, November and early Decem- ber. This was a period when both the irrigation water and the ground were much colder, (sometimes fro- zen), than is true when frost protec- tion measures are normally prac- ticed. Therefore, frost protection should have been much more diffi- cult than normal. In spite of this, the temperature of the vines was main- tained at a safe level with only 65 gallons of water per minute per acre, or %-inch of water per hour. (Continued Next Month) READ CRANBERRIES MAGAZINE Nominee Gordon Newcomer To Cranberry Business However, is Rebuilding 20 acres of Bennett Marsh, Near Tomah, Wisconsin. Lester M. Gordon of Tomah, Wis- consin, who has been nominated as a director from Wisconsin to Ocean Spray Oanberries. Inc.. to replace HAIL IS ON THE WAY WATCH OUT, MR. GROWER PROTECT YOUR PRODUCTION COSTS If you had a loan and lost your crop by hail you would still have to pay — let Hail Insurance do this for you. Our new policy protects the berries and vines against hail and fire from the time the water is off in the Spring until after harvest, CRANBERRY RATES ARE LOW For further information write or call : Alvin R. Reid Main Street, Hanson, Mass. Cypress 3-6336 Cypress 3-6441 resigned Richard J. Lawless is a icomparitive newcbmer to the cran- berry business. He bought the George Bennett Marsh seven miles from Tomah in 1958. Election is next month at the annual stockholders meeting. However, as this marsh was con- siderably run down he plans to keep seven acres of the present vines, and this month he was reboildli'ng and replanting 20 acres. He has sold a former residence in Tomah, proper, and has moved to the marsh. He was born in 1905 and has lived in Tomiah sdnlce 1914. His (main business is managing commercial real estate. His father was in the men's clothing business whioh he purchased and operated after his death and he also has two ladies ready-to-wear stores, one in Tomaih and one in Black River Falls. He is a member of the Tomah Rotary Club and served on the To- mah school board for 9 years. He has been president and secretary of the Tomah Memorial hospital since 1948. He has been president of the Tomah Memorial Home since it was built in 1957. He attends the Ameri- can-Lutheran Church. Mr. Gordon is married, his wife's name being Hope and has one son, Leo, a junior in Tomah High School and a daughter, Helen, who is a freshman at St. Olaf College North- field, Minn. Institute Petitions For A Marketing Agreement The Cranberry Institute, over sig- nature of the president, Orrin G. CoUey, has submitted a letter to the United States Department of Agri- culture, containing a draft of a pro- posed marketing agreement for cran- berries and asking for the required public hearing. The letter is ad- dressed to Floyd F. Hedlund, actmg director of Fruit & Vegetable branch, Agricultural Marketing Service, US- DA. The letter sets forth that panrsuant to the provisions of Section 900 (a) of Title 7 of the Code of Federal Regulations that it thereby made application for a marketing agree- ment on cranberries to be voluntarily entered into by handlers listed, and not to be accompanied by any order 'and requested the Secretary of Agri- culture to hold the hearing upon the proposed marketing agreement. The handlers named in the letter represent 97 percent of cranberries produced. They are listed as: Bea- ton's Distributing Agency, Wareham, Mass., Cape Cod Cranberry Coopera- tive, Inc., South Duxbury, Massa- chusetts; Cranberry Products, Inc., Eagle River, Wisconsin; Decas Broth- ers, Wareham, Massachusetts; In- dian Trail, Inc., Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin; Peter A. LeSage, South Yarmouth, Massachusetts and Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc., Hanson, Massachusetts. The act would establish an ad- ministration body, which is a cran- berry marketing committee consist- ing of seven members each of which shall have 'an alternate. Members and their alternates shall be growers or employes of growers. Each of the cranberry growing areas shall be represented by at least one mem- ber and alternate. The growing areas are Massachusetts, New Jersey, Wis- consin and the West Coast, that is Oregon and Washington. The time and manner of nominating members and alternates shall be prescribed by the Secretary of Agricultiu-e. Any cooperative marketing organization having more than two thirds of the total volume of cranberries (which would apply to Ocean Spray) shall nominate four members and four alternates. Other handlers shall nominate three growers and three alternates. Takes Exception To Resolution (The following letter from Vernon Goldsworthy of Wisconsin is in ob- jection to the resolution as requested by Plymouth County (Mass.) Demo- cratic League for a Federal investi- gation into cranberry indemnity pay- ments. The article referred to ap- peared in our May issue. — Editor's Note) To "Cranberries Magazine:" I would like to take vigorous ex- ception to Mr. Bradford H. Cole's resolution published in the May 1961 issue of ' ' Cranberries . ' ' As one of Wisconsin's largest cran- berry growers and as an independent processor of cranberries, not only as sauce but specialty cranberry pro- ducts as well and as a packer of fresh cranberries, we are positive Ocean Spray has been very effective in helping not only its members but everyone else in the industry as well. Should anything serious ever happen to Ocean Spray I am sure there would be utter chaos in the cranberry industry and the growers would be ruined. Ocean Spray is recognized by the trade as a very aggressive and smart merchandising organization and I am sure its members can have every confidence in it doing a good job in both the processing and fresh fruit field. Had it not been for Ocean Spray's efforts in conjunction v/ith the Cran- berry Institute the cranberry indem- nity program would never have ma- terialized and the cranberry growers generally would have received less than one-dollar a barrel for their cranberries from the 1959 crop. Ocean Spray is a true farmer co- operative, owned by growers and run by growers so there is no logic in assuming that the growers are going to do anything to hurt them- selves intentionally. Ocean Spray is the grower-member. Personally, I cannot see how the government's indemnity program did not revert directly to the cranberry growers as there is no question what the cranberry grower would have received had there been no government help. No one logically can help but re- alize that Ocean Spray is the main stabilizing force in the cranberry industry and its employees are work- ing iconstantly for the top dollar for its grower members. As a grower my- self I know the more successful Ocean ISipray is, the more money I can expect for my crop even though I am an indepenldent. Very truly yours. Cranberry Products, Inc. Vernon Goldsworthy President East Wareham. Session will open at 10 a.m. On the program is the business meeting of the Association, annual election of officers. Cranberry Sta- tion staff reports. There will be guid- ed tours of the bog. As usual there will be the cranberry equipment ex- hibit. Feature will be an address by the head of the Plentiful Foods Division Of the USDA. There will be a chicken and cranberry barbecue at noon. BOG AS HOBBY (Continued from Page 8) retired as a pilot after 30 years of flying on active and inactive status beginning with World War I. They go fishing in Meiine for sal- mon and trout in season and for salt water fishing visit both the north and south shores of the Cape, wherever bluefish and tuna are run- ning. They have a Lyman twin motor boat and trailer and follow the fish. They also have small boats and a canoe in the ponds bordering their estate and fish there for fresh water fish pickerl, perch, and so forth. Even though the bog is small, Mrs. HoUidge considers herself a real cranberry grower and takes the work seriously. "We do our best to grow quality fruit and we do suc- ceed in that" she avers. CCCGA Meeting Is August 22nd Annual meeting Of Cape Cod Crmi- berry Growers' Association is to be Tuesday, August 22 at the Massaohiu- setts Cranberry Experiment Station, FRESH FROM THE FIELDS (Continued from Page 6) low 50°. The maximiim temperature was 94° on June 13th. Precipitation totalled 4.70 inches on ten rainy days. This is almost an inch above normal. Good Crop Indicated As of July 7th, conditions on cran- berry bogs in New Jersey give in- dications of good production. The bloom is much heavier than normal and very little frost damage has occurred. The slowness of fruit set is causing a little concern. Berries larger than peas and unopened blos- soms can be found within a few feet of each other on many bogs. Black-Headed Fireworm Black-headed fireworm has ap- peared in pest proportions on a few unsprayed bogs for the first time in many years in New Jersey. Ef- forts to control cranberry tipworm were more intensive than usual this year and results were good. Spar- ( Continued on Page 16) fidif^ala ISSUE OF JULY 1961 VOL 26 - NO. 3 I MARKETING AGREEMENT Probably the most interesting question before the cranberry industry at the mo- ment is the proposed marketing agreement for cranberries which has now been peti- tioned for. A marketing agreement has now become an apparent necessity for the cran- berry growers with the constantly increas- ing crops of a million barrels and more, in the opinion of the Cranberry Institute which is working so constantly to improve the financial status of the industry. While such a marketing agreement is not an entirely welcome thing to all growers, it seems to be the inevitable next step for the industry if the crops are to be disposed of with financial success to the growers. It has repeatedly been said, and shown that a million barrels can be marketed through normal channels each year, but for crops larger than that there are difficulties. With the marketing agreement the ber- ries which can normally be disposed of at reasonable prices can be sold and the sur- plus placed in the set-aside, or pool, in which all handlers have an equal share. A total of 97 percent of the cranberry crop as represented by handlers has now been ob- tained as in favor of the agreement. This is a large percent, more than necessary to obtain the granting of the agreement for cranberries by the Secretary of Agriculture. ; It is hoped by the Institute, and it says it jhas good reason to believe, this can be dis- posed of through foreign markets, proba- bly mostly in Europe. Introductory efforts have been successful. If a million barrels can be disposed of normally and the surplus through these markets, it is hoped that parity of cranber- ries for the industry can be achieved each year. With a stabilized market it is hoped this parity, which is a few cents more than $14.00 a barrel to the grower can be obtain- |ed in the 1961 and in future crops. I The marketing agreement cannot now be 'placed in operation for the 1961 crop, as iit is considered too late. Many growers are :not too familiar with the terms of, or what ■a marketing agreement can do. Then, again ;with a smaller crop in prospect a marketing iagreement arrangement may not be neces- (Sary this year. CLARENCE J. HALL Editor and Publisher EDITH S. HALL— Associate Editor Wareham, Massachusetts SUBSCRIPTIONS, |3.50 Per Year, FOREIGN, $4.50 CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin LEO A. SORENSON Cranberry Consultant Wisconsin Rapids j^ Wisconsin .J Washington Dr. CHARLES C. DOUGHTY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. Oregon GRANT SCOTT Coquille, Ore. Massachusetts Dr. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. EDWARD K. KNAPP Barnstable County Agricultural Agent OSCAR S. JOHNSON Barnstable, Mass. New Jersey P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey Just as growers get to feeling they can produce all the cranberries desired and more than are easily marketable. Nature always seems to step in and say she is still Boss. Witness the disastrous frost in Mass- achusetts and then the prolonged dry spell which followed. There will be a good '61 crop but it won't be as large as last year, apparently. SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS (Continued from Page 14) ganothis fruitworm moths of the second generation are considerably later than usual. Blueberries The blueberry crop is quickly reaching a peak. The volume of pro- duction is much smaller than nor- mal because of severe winter dam- age. About 50 to 60 mechanical har- vesters will be used this year. Last New Indian 1 rail Quality Sauce Strained Cranberry Whole Cranberry Sauce in Syrup Cranberry Juice Cocktail Plus our regular line ImamHgnail FROZEN FRESH WHOLE CRANBTR^IfS INDIAN TRAIL INC. P. O. Box 710 Wisconsin Rapids, Wis. year there were only four used in the state. WASHIN6T0N June a Dry Month June weather was extremely dry, with only .94 inches of rain as re- corded at Coastal Washington Ex- periment Station, Long Beach. Rain was in the form of sudden showers which varied over the area. For 25 days of June the temperature was around 64 degrees with four days of 70's and only one in the 50's. Lows at night were 58 to 40 with other nig'hts in the upper 40's to 50's. There was no sprinkling for frost control but some for irrigation. Crop Prospects Up The crop as of July 10th was pro- gressing nicely and a large one was expected. Bloom ended the middle of July. Advertise In Cranberries R, F. MORSE & SON ~ West Wareham, Mass., Tel. CY 5-1553 Cranberry Growers Agent For Eastern States Farmers' Exchange Insecticides - Fertilizers - Fungicides Bog Service and Supplies Agent for Wiggins Airways HeKcopter Spray and Dust Service DEPENDABLE ECONOMICAL SERVICE HUME PRODUCTS CORPORATION Designers and manufacturers of •DEGRASSERS machinery for the cranberry industry •DRYERS • CONVEYORS SERVICES AVAILABLE TO WISCONSIN GROWERS: Steel stock from our warehouse Engineering services Complete machine shop service ^ For information, write; HUME PRODUCTS CORPORATION Eagle River, Wisconsin SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS FOR SALE SEARLES JUMBO HOWES, McFARLIN Vines for delivery in 1961 $125.00 Ton F.O.B. INTERESTED IN PURCHASING WISCONSIN CRANBERRY PROPERTIES Vernon Goldsworthy B.S. & M.S. University of Wisconsin Cranberry Consultant Fees Reasonable EAGLE RIVER WISCONSIN ■ iZ'^' / ^ i „ i,A^/,?, X '','f, ' 'Z 'ZX, „ ,sX^^tSiX, DANA MACHINE & SUPPLY Co. Wis. Rapids Wis. MFSS. of: SPRAY BOOMS GRASS CLIPPERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS Getsinger Retracto tooth pickers Dryers DISTR. of: VEE BELTS & PULLEYS ROLLER CHAINS SPROCKETS & BEARINGS CONVEYOR BELTING STEEL Your Foreman Deserves A Subscription to Cranberries; too OUR PRODUCTS Strained Cranberry Sauce Whole Cranberry Sauce Cransweets Diced Cransweets Cranberry Apple Sauce Spiced Cranberries Cranberry Chilli Sauce Cranberry Bar-B-Q Sauce Cranberry Orange Relish Cranberry Vinegar Cranberry-Strawberry Preserves Cranberry Juice Cranberry-Cherry Preserves Cranberry-Pineapple Preserves Cranberry-Raspberry Preserves Cranberry-Rhubarb Preserves Cranberry-Gooseberry Preserves Cran-Beri Cran-Vari Cran-Puri Cranberry Puree Cran-Bake Sliced and Whole Maraschino Cranberries Consumer Size & Bulk Fresh Cranberries Cranberry Products, Inc. EAGLE RIVER, WISCONSIN 9 j«w»»*^^«-wwKW fA^ftff^f. :x.c3s:^ CORRUGATED CULVERT PIPE and FLOW GATES Felker Bros. Mfg. Co. MARSHFIELD WISCONSIN Phone 230 - 231 WISCONSIN CRANBERRY GROWERS are using more Signature Fertilizer year after year • Pelletized • Homogeneous • Dustless • Free-Flowing • 50 lb. Bags E. RAUH & SONS FERTILIZER CO. Indianapolis & Plymouth, Ind. YOU Are reading this ad. Others will read yours in CRANBERRIES Magazine \^^ .,*^ V e^'^ a^* .i,c^^ 6^ Cl #' ,cl i# ''":*^«*'>V^»v.« \ ^^ OCEAN SPRAY CRANBERRIES, INC. RVING A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY :ape cod NEW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON CANADA WM. B. STEARNS, JR. "Deep in Mass Cranberry Industry" (CRANBERRIES Pho 35 Cents AUGUST 1961 DIRECTORY For CRANBERRY GROWERS Wdrcester Paper Box Corporation MEDFORD, MASS. Tel. MYstIc 8-5305 Manufacturers of Folding Cartons and Displays CRANBERRIES MAGAZINE . . Is . . . The SOLE Publication Of The Industry Accepting ADVERTISING i The i iCHARLES W. HARRIS! 1 Company | 1 26 Somerset Ave | 1 North Dighton, Mass. | 1 AMES 1 1 Irrigation Systems | 1 Sprinklers | 1 Weed killers | 1 Insecticide. i 1 Fungicides | g from 1 m Cal. Spray Chemical Company | B Dupont Company B «i m WATER WHITE KEROSENE For use on Cranberry Bogs Also STODDARD SOLVENT Prompt Delivery Service Franconia Coal Co. - Inc. - Wareham, Mass. Tel. CY 5-0039 EQUIPMENT HAYDEN - SEPARATOR - WAREHAM, MASS. Irrigation Systems PUMPS SEPARATORS - BLOWERS SCREENHOUSE EQUIPMENT DARLINGTON PICKING MACHINES Wareham Savings Bank WAREHAM and FALMOUTH Savings Accounts Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent Phone CYpress 5-3800 Kimball 8-3000 The National Bank of Wareham Conveniently located for Cranberry Men Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK ALFRED PAPPI At Screeis at the Brockton Court Hoiuse. When you are all signed ujp, and your ipriaicttice ap- proved, for your prefabricated fluime, see RUSSELL A. TRUFANT HYDRAULIC CONSULTANT PREFABRICATED FLUMES BOG RAILROADS UNION 6-3696 North Carver, Mass. the shelf Hfe of wet land dry picked fruit if the fruit was properly dried and was treated with fungicides at tJhe correct time. It has also been dem- onstrated very clearly that the water picked plots yield substantially larger crops the following year than do the dry picked areas. This fact supports our contention that water harvesting does considerably less medhanical damage to the vines, and as a re- sult they produce larger crops. As has been stated before, we realize that only limited lacreage in Mass- achusetts is adaptable at present to water picking, feut we 'believe that it is highly desirable to be accumulat- ing information on drying methods, picking techniques, tJhe effect of water picking on vines and forthcoming crops, and the shelf life of the fre^ fruit picked tin this manner. The ad- vantage of picking nearly 100 % of cur crop compared with the present system can Ihardly be minimized. Trips will be made to mid-western markets to check on the condition, movemient, prices, and handling tech- niques in the fresh fruit field. We be- lieve the information gained has been beneficial to the indstry. SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES For Consistent Dependability with PESTICIDES and FERTILIZER see the man from Eastern States T. C. Ashley, E. Freetown Tell. Harry T. Fisher, Jr., MidldlelboTO Tel. James P. Govone, Foirestdiaile Tel. Lawrence H. Ward, Plymoutih Tel. E. S. Service Center, Biroekton Tel. E. S. Service Center, New Beidiford Tel. E. S. Service Center. Taunton Tel. Rockiweai 3h&718 Middleboro 2133-W Garden 8-4393 Piilgirim 6-0970 Juniper 6-4055 Wyman 6-5202 Van Dyke EASTERN STATES FARMERS EXCHANGE Headquarters: West Springfield, Massachusetts Brewer & Lord INSURANCE 40 Broad Street, Boston, Mass. ARTHUR K. POPE CONVERSE HILL WILLIAM B. PLUMER ROBERT A. SULLIVAN EDWARD H. LEARNARD HORACE H. SOULE CHARLES M. CUTLER EBEN A. THACHER HERBERT R. LANE VINCENT M. WILSON JOHN B. CECILL, JR. Serving the People of New England Since 1859 New Cooler Room Being Built At Onset Plant A new cooilinig system is under con- struction at the Ocean Spray plant, Onset, Massachusetts. The contract calls for completion by the 15th of next imonth. The new facility will hold in excess of 40,000 barrels of fresh cranberries at a controlled temperature and will enable the cooperative to have fresh cranberries for market available over a longer period of time. It has now been demonstrated that there is a demand for fresh cranberries for as long as through the month of April. The facility will also provide with high quality fresh fruit for the im- proved whole sauce. Another major use of the new cooUng unit will be the storing of processed products. Af- ter fresh cranberries have been util- ized the space may be used for fin- ished products. These can be stored ait a temperattire which will keep them in good quality condition and at the same time increase their shelf use after they have reached the market. TEMPERATURES OVER 100 AT LONG BEACH For the first time in recorded weather history temperatures on the Long Beach Peninsula, Washington in July exceeded 100 degrees. The glass reached 100.5 degrees on the 11th. The past two and a half months have been very dry, but with heavy rainfall the first part of the year. The 1961 precipitation on August 1 stood at 62.72 inches the all-time high for a year to that date. Western Pickers Parts and Repairs Agent for 1961 Model ORDER NOW J. I, BRALEY & SON MACHINE SHOP 78 Gibbs Ave Wareham, Mass. HAVE YOUR REPAIRS DONE NOW I ;j^^4,^-B8»M.6ft«»B8ft(^^g^^ Issue of August 1961 — Vol. 26 No. 4 Published monthly at Thef Courier Print Shop, Main St.. Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscriptions $3.50 per year. Second Class Postage Paid at Wareham, Massachusetts Post Office. FRESH FROM THE FIELDS Compiled by C J. H. MASSACHUSETTS About Normal July July began sliighitly cooler than nor- mal and remained so for most df the month. Followkig the much- need- ed rain on the 14th there came a se!c- ond substantial precipitation on the 2Cth. There was heavy rain and thunder- storm again on the 25th with .85 inch- es of rain recorded at the Cranberry Sltatiom. More fell in other areas. There was a blinding deluge for a short time, with thunder and light- ening. The lightening struck at a nulmiber of pomts, particularly in and around Wareiham. A screenhouse on Benson street, South Middleboro was struck and ibunied. Gets Warmer The month which had been below normal by about a degree a day got warmer tcward the end. On the 28th the reading was only a minus four for (he mon'h. Weather was unpleas- antly humid. The following day fcr the firs; lime during the month the temr.crr/iuro was a trlus — of one de- gree for the period to date. Month ended wi.h a plus of two recorded for the 31 diay pertiod. K?infaii Above Normal Rair))'"alL as reccrded at the Cran- berry Station was 4.61 inches, with the normal, 3.21. Rain, however, was not too well spaced as most of it tell during a couple of storms. With the adequate, in general rain- fall, and the normal temperatures for the imonth, July was a generally good mcnth in Massalchosetts for the approaching crop. Fruitworm Heavy This has been a relatively light year for insects, 'but duriing July it developed the fruitworm infestation was rather heavy, particularly on bogs with late drawn water. Good control was obtained by most grow- ers. Bogs Catching Up After a late start in spring devel- opment by early August bogs had be- gun to catch up to normal develop- ment. This was esipecially true on early water and these bogs were about on schedule. OLate water was perhaps a little late. It was expected seme harvesting woiild be underway around Labor Day. WASHINGTON July weather was on the whole oine of miild temperature conditions and rather low rcirufall. On the 4th and 5'th there was approxiimstely one inch of rain wi h a total for the month of only 1.24 inohies, as measured at Coas- tal WaShingicn Experiment ^ztaVjin, Long Beach. Conditionis have been dry, conse- quently considerable applications o(f water on the bogs were necessaiy. Sprinkling for heat on two occasions en the 11th and 12th when the tmaxfi- mum temperatures reached 106 and 84 degrees respelotively. The temper- ature was albove 70 orSky on two other occasions, the 7th and 10th. Miru- mums have been in the low 50s or the high 40s, with humidity being rather high at night and low on only one oocaslion, wthioh was on Juliy 11 when the humidity was 41 percent. Crop Prospects Up In general it has 'been a very good growing season for cranibeirries when SLii^ficlient water has been supplied. The blossom season was one of the best Dr. Charles C. Doughty, station director has seen in several years. There were more bees 'both honey and wild working this season than there has 'been in the past two. These AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS FERTILIZERS TOOLS R. L MORSE & SON CRANBERRY HIGHWAY WCST WAREHAM, MASS. CY 5-1553 BOG SERVICE — AGENT FOR WIGGINS AIRWAYS FiVP factors accoimt for the good crop prospects as August came in. NEW JERSEY JiUy Frost Calls As many montlis in New Jersey so often are. July was one of ex- tremes. In the first part of tlie month the temperature was so cold that there were frost calls on July 8th and 9th. On both of these nights the minimum reported on each of two bogs was 39 F. In contrast the last half of the month was ahiiost constantly in the nineties as ten days of temperatures in this range were recorded. The high was 95 on both the 22nd and the 23rd. Rainfall. Variable Rainfall was also quite variable. The first part of the month was quite dry and by July 27th drought damage was actually beginning to show up in some sandy blueberry fields. The month closed out with intensive rains, including one of 3.59 inches on the 31st. The total rainfall for the month was 6.05 inches, al- most two inches above normal. Berries Slow to Size Cranberry growers are generally pleased about crop prospects this year. However this is tempered somewhat by an apparent slowness of berries to obtain size. As of early August fruit is considered to be much smaller than normal. There is quite a variation in size also with anany larger and smaller berries and not many in the medium range. Blos- soming extended over an extremely long period of time this year. On July 20th an abimdance of open bloom could still be observed. The cool weather of May, June, and July is considered to have held back growth abnormally. Many have noted a spurt of good growth since the hot and rainy weather of the latter part of July. Black K»?ads Noted For the first time in many years black-headed fireworm has been no- ted in pest proportions in a few un- treated bogs. False blossom appears to be spurting again even in well- kept bogs. WISCONSIN Slightly Cooler July temperatures were slightly below normal with precipitation nor- mal to above normal. The first two weeks were quite warm, dry, sunny and windy in the south and cool and cloudy in the north. Unseasonable ccol temperatures were recorded C. & L. EQOIPI^ENT CO. 191 LEONARD STREET ACUSJ^^iET, MASS. Cranberry Bog Service PRUNING RAKING FERTILIZING WEED TRIMMING Machinery Sales PRUNERS POWER WHEELBARROWS RAKES WEED TRIMMERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS - Large & Small For Further Information Call . . . F. P. CRANDON H. C. LEONARD Rockwell 3-5526 Wyman 5-3521 C. J. TRIPP Wyman 5-2013 following the 4th with a low of 32 in tlie northeast, followed by sev- eral 34 degrees in the north the week of the 9th. The end of the month brought several 90 degree readings throughout the state, but for tlie most part it was rainy and cool the last half of July in the north. The south was experiencing drought conditions the first half of the month, but rains fell the middle and last of July to insure adequate precipitation needs. Overall averages showed 1.5 degrees below normal in the south to 3.5 below in the north. The outlook for August is near nor- mal precipitation to below normal temperatures. Berries Sizing Favorably The month was good for cranber- ries m the south, where full bloom occurred about the 10th, but late in the north where full bloom was de- layed imtil the 3rd week of the month. Pollination conditions were excellent during bloom in the south and only fair to good in the north. A good bmnblebee population was noted in most areas, with the north having extremely high populations. A high percentage of the growers also supplemented pollination with tame honey bees. Most of the tame bees worked the bloom quite favor- ably. Set was exceptionally good on all varieties in the south, averaging between 40 to 50 percent on the early beds. It was too early to de- termine the set in the north due to the late bloom, but it was ex- pected to be at least average. At months end berries were sizing fav- orably in the south and slower in the north. Fruit Worm Controlled Second brood fireworm were con- trolled quite satisfactorily where con- ( Continued on Page 16) CRANBERRY PICKING BOXES Shocks, or Nailed Let me repair your breken boxes — or repair them yourself. Stock Always on Hand F. H. COLE Tel. Union 6-3330 North Carver, Mass. Mass, Man, Wm. B. Stearns, Jr., Says He Is, And Is ''Deep In The Cranberry Business'' Interested in about 156 acres of Bog — Gets much Better than Massachusetts Average Production — Believes in Ade- quate Fertilizing, Use of Sprinklers and Proper Drainage. Is graduate of G. I. Cranberry School. by CLARENCE J. HALL much about icranberries from his bog The problem of William B. Steams, Jr., a younger full-time Massachu- setts grower was that Of bringing ba:ck old bogs without rebuilding. Re- building is expensiijve. That he is succeeding is pnoven by his produc- tion record of the past few years which is well above the Massachu- setts average of about 47 barrels per acre. Steams owns himself or with others, and manages no less than six bogs which are scattered over considerable territory in his home town lof Ply- mouth and Carver. "It is my philo- sophy that you have got to get bet- ter iproduction per acre to survive in these years of relatively lower cran- Iberry prices," he says. "If you can't do this yiou can't make a go of cran- iberry igrowing. He Ibelieves strongly in several fac- tors which to him are fundamentals. These are adequate fertilizing, the ijse of sprinMers and proper drain- ing. To this could be added the steady use of Western Pickers, which he is convinced by experience do a good pruning job and also in the use of as much electrical equipment for pump- ing and other uses as is possible. 'He has been a cranberry grower (for the past 11 years, but had no fam- ily background of cranberry growing or early experience. At the time he bought his first bog prices were high- er up to $30.00 a barrel, and he says he was fascinated by the business. Attended G. I. Cranberry School His early entry into cranberry growing was from working for George Briggs of Plymouth and under his foreman, Frank Griswold, from whom lie says he learned the principle of good cranberry growing. He also went to the G. I. cranberry school at the Massachusetts Cranberry Experi- ment Station where he was one of 15 receiving training under the late Dr. Henry J. Franklin, Dr. C. E. Cross and others. He did whatever work he was assigned to do at the Station go- ing there for three years, under the visits. He got into cranberry growing per- manently upon his discharge from the United States Army in which he serv- ed four years, one of these in the European Theatre. He was a private and a sergeant. The biggest bog in which he is oon- cemed is the so-called Southers Marsh bog on the "Shoestring" road in Carver. This is a property of 30 acres in nine sections. With his father he bought this from the late Colbum C. Wood of Plymouth in 1950. All the bogs he is interested in were formerly those of Mr. Wood and all are about 50 years old. His father, who for many years was associated with the Heywood- Wakefield Fumitiore Company of Gardner, Mass., is a part owner in this bog. The elder Mr. Steams puts in some time working on this bog and keeps the company books. The elder Mr. Steams for many years had a summer camp on Long Pond in the Cape town of Bourne and it was this fact which first brought the Steams family to the cranberry section otf Massachusetts and eventually into cranberry growing. Mr. Steams has now made this into his permanent residence. Southers Marsh is planted entire- ly to Early Blacks for which Bill is thankful. This is a cold bog. Due to this fact his berries ripen quite early and he is among the first one or two to bring in a crop in the fall to the plant of Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc., at Onset. He markets through that cooperative. The bog is flowed from King's Pond partly by gravity. This was formerly a dry bog. It was owned after Mr. Wood by Orrin G. CoUey, cranberry grower of Duxbury and currently president of the Cranberry Institute. CoUey had a ditch dug a distance of abDut a mile to the pond, and since then there has been water for frost flowage and irrigation. Steams has gasoline and electric pumps which are necessary to put on a frost flow. Has Portable Sprinklers He also has 3 acres of portable sprinkler system which throws 500 gallons per minute. He moves this around to various points on the bog and also to other bogs. He sprinkles for irrigation as well as for frost. "I think you can gi'ow cranberries on a sand dinnp if you have sprinkler irrigation," he says. "It is my am- I Aerial Spraying and Dusting also Fertilizing I We Specialize I . I In Parathion Applications both Sprays and Dusts AERIAL SPRAYERS, Inc. (FORMERLY MARSHFIELD AIRWAYS, INC.) Marshfield, Mass. GI bill. He went out on the bogs of i j^qj 5 Weitbrecht (Whitey) Temple 4-7818 ^ others and swept for insects, learning 'i2[{||pi{{{BiiiiBiiiiHiiiiBiiiniii;BiiiiHii!aillHlli]HIIIIBIIIlBIIIIBIIllBlli'BllliB>>IBII>BI^^ bition someday to have enouigli spunk- ier system to cover all my acreage. He installed the system eight years ago. This was done under the plan- ning of the Larchmont Engineering Company of Lexington, Mass., which furnished the equipment. He sprinkles fix>m diitches. This old bog has repeatedly been sanded until it was piled up rather high. Bill has sanded only onice in the 11 years he has owned the bog. It has a peat bottom. One of Bill's theories is that it is best to have short vines. All his ^bogs have short vines. "I like to have them look as if they have a crew haircut," he says. "Of course there are some runners but most of the vines are up- rights. These short vines on sand need plenty of irrigation in times of dry- ness. "I keep the pumps going 24 hours a day sometimes." He sprink- les in the tortiight sun and at any old time he thinks it is necessary to put on water. 85 Barrels Per Acre His production over the past six years has been aibout 85 barrels to the acre. He has produced as hdigh as 2900 barrels but the average is 2400- 2500, or a little better. He bought this bog when he was one of those "restless" GI's looking for something to do and to him at that time cranberry growvernment aid to the cranberry industry was finally as- sured at the 31st annual meeting of stockholders of Ocean Spray Cran- berries, Inc., at Hanson August 22 This came in the main address of the day by U.S. Senator Benjamin A. Smith II, of Gloucester who suc- ceeded to the seat made vacant by President Kennedy. It came as a hoped for surprise. He said: "I spoke with the Secretary of Agriculture by long distance tele- phone just before this meeting. I am happy to give you the advance word on an announcement the United States Department of Agriculture will make today. The Department is going to have a program for cran- berry growers using funds available under Section 32 of the Agricultural Act to purchase a very substantial part of the cranberry surplus. These cranberries will be used in the school lunch program. They will be donated to charitable institutions and used in other agriculture projects. "The Secretary authorized me to say that representatives of his de- partment will meet with representa- tives of your industry to work out the details." This was followed shortly after- wards by an announcement by Orrin G. Colley, president of the Cranberry Institute who was called to the phone from the meeting by Washington. Mr. Colley said he could announce that the U.S. Commodity Credit Corpor- ation will purchase 100,000 barrels of cranberries for school lunch. Sen. Smith went on to say that cranberry growers are one of the most important segments of Massa- chusetts industry. He said that Massachusetts had never received its full share of the money the USDA appropriates for agriculture. He paid tribute to President George C. P. Olsson of Ocean Spray and Mr. Colley for their efforts after working closely together with them in the effort to get additional government aid for the cranberry growers. He said the administration of Pres. Kennedy has set forth certain goals for agriculture. "One, the use of our abundance of food to improve the diet of our own people here in Ameri- ca. Two, the use of this abundance to improve the standards of living in other parts of the world. Three, to make it possible for the efficient family-sized farmer to achieve an income that is in parity with other parts of our economy. Four, to eli- minate the costly surplus by ad- justing production to demand. Five, to strengthen government services in research, marketing, agricultural extension and credit. The department of agriculture has also been working with you to broaden the market for cranberries." He said men of Massachusetts had sacrificed many times to conserve freedom." We should do more to get our surplus food into the miouths of starving people in other countries. This will help stop communism. The policy of our government is to make sure America remains the strongest country on earth. The way to handle our problems here in the United States is the way we will be judged by the rest of the world." President Olsson at the conclusion of the address presented Senator Smith with a cranberry scoop which will be inscribed with a placque. Olsson welcomed the more than 700 w!ho attended the meeting. He said the cooperative has made sub- stantial progress in regaining con- sumer franchise since the urifortu- nate blow of Nov. 9, 1959 which pre- cipitated the cranberry "scare." He said Ocean Spray sales although not yet back to normal had shown a steady upward trend. He said that during the past year there had been sold 237,321 barrels of fresh berries and 3,724,272 cases of processed goods as of August 1, which is the equivalent of 319,244 barrels. He added sales in the fresh fruit market were ahnost back to normal. He said unfortunately returns to grower members would be low with- out Government aid on the 1960 crop, as there had only been earned $6.00 per barrel, but this might go up to $7.00 if the pool was kept open until October 1. However, in his talk, with Federal assistance promised by Sen. Smith he said the returns would be comparable to those of last year. A motion was made and voted that the stockholders endorsed the endeavors of the board of directors during the past year. Mr. Olsson referred to the illness of General Manager and Executive Vice President Ambrose E. Stevens and read a letter from him. Mr. Stevens suffered a heart attack some weeks ago and is now gaining in his recovery but was ordered by his phyiscian not to attend the annual meeting. Since that time Olsson, as president, and other officials have taken over his work. Massachusetts Commissioner of Agriculture Charles L. McNanmara was iatroduced as were a number of others. Secretary Russell Makepeace of Wareham gave his annual report. He said the cooporation had out a total of 179,463 shares of common stock and out of that number a quo- rum was present. Treasurer Chester W. Robbins of Onset said the cooperative was in a sound financial condition but he wished he could say as much for the returns for their berries which the growers were receiving. During the meeting there were frequent references to the fact of appreciation of the support the cran- berry industry has been receiving from representatives in congress from the various cranberry states and from the USDA. It was stated, that the disaster which had befallen the cranberry industry came about through no fault of the industry but through a statement of a government official, Arthur S. Flemming, then secretary of health, education and welfare, and that once the industry is fully reinstated in public opinion, it expected to be able "to stand alone on its own feet again," as it was up to the 1959 debacle. A main event of the session was the nominating and election of the board of 24 directors. These were: from Oregon, James Olson; from Washington, Norman I. Brateng and David E. Pryde; from New Jersey, John E. Cutts, Thomas B. Darling- ton and Wilham S. Haines; from Wisconsin, Donald Duckart, Lester M. Gordon (succeeding Richard J. Lawless of Wisconsin Rapids) Tony Jonjak, Bert J. Leasure and Gerald Porter; Massachusetts, Walcott R. Ames, Frank P. Crandon, WilUam E. Crowell, David W. Eldredge, Carroll D. Griffith, Richard A. Heleen, (suc- ceding Lawrence S. Cole) Russell Makepeace, George C. P. Olsson, Elmer E. Raymond, Jr., Alvin R. Reid, Chester W. Robbins, Miss Ellen StiUman and Marcus M. Urann. READ CRANBERRIES MAGAZINE Addition To Ocean Spray Berry Kitchen Miss Carol Aim Walter, graduate last June of the School of Home Economics. Simmons College, has joined the staff of Oceaai Sprays Cranberry Kitchen iii Hanson. Mass- achusetts. She wdll be working under the direction of Mi-s. Janet Taj'lor. Ocean Spray's Director of Home Economics. An honor student in high school and college. jMiss Walter also gained valu- able experience along with her stu- dies. Field woi-k while at college in- cluded food publicity with Ken\-on & Eckhardt in Boston, food featui-e writ- ing ^\•ith the Cleveland Plain Dealer, and research with the Consumers Union. Teaching experience was gain- ed at Winchester High School and Boston's Nortli End Union Settlement House. At the Cranberrj' Kitchen, she will have an opportunity bo continue the varied phases of home economics in the developing of ci-anberry recipes and bring tJiem to homemakere. Carol is now at tlie Hanson head- quarters and is making her home at Warren Avenue in PlJ^noutll. Slie is the daughter of Mr. and Mi-s. Frank- lin P. Walter of Cleveland. Oliio. OCEAN SPRAY RUNS 2 CENTS OFF S.\LES CA3IPAIGN Ocean Spray Cranbemes. Inc.. has a special consumer sale of 2 cents off the regular price of cranbeny sauce, one-pound size cf both jellied and whole berry sauce. Sale followed a series of meetiiigs between Ocean Spray sales promotion heads and food brokers in Atlaiita. Georgia; Dallas, Texas and San Francisco. Sale was timed to come between the simmiei--time ■Chckin' with CJiic- ken" campaign and the peak volume holiday season. Spokesmen for the cooperative were Lairy E. Pix)esch. director of marketing: H. Drew Fle- gal. director of advertising and pub- Uc relations and H. Gordon Mann. processed sales manager. Emphasis was tlie cooperative's year-round marketing strategy- designed to step up cranberry consumption in non- hohday periods to round out an active 12-month's market for Ocean Spray. Mann reported the dramatic re- sults of the "Clickin' with Oiicken" Fourteen ' campaign in many markets where re- tailers displayed and advertised cran- berry sauce with cliicken and turkey specials. The summer-time campaign had lively backii>g with national mag- azine advertising. pubUcity and point- of-sales material. A full-page, full-color advertise- ment is to nm in the Satiu-day Eve- nh\g Post October 7. CAPE GROWER AND ^\^FE MSIT ENGL.\ND Bai'nstable, Mass., selectman and cranberry gi'ower, Victor F. Adams, with MI'S. Adams is to be the official representative of their Cape Cod town to the mayor and mayoress of Barnstaple, England. This will be next month. The Adams will be returning a coiulesy call made during March by the English mayor and Mrs. R. Mi- chael Huxtable. Mr. Adams expects to leave Logan airport. Boston. August 31 for the flight to England. He and Mrs. Alams will \'isit briefly in Ireland and Scot- land before going to Barnstable for about a week. BEES ON THE MARSH Have you ever taken the time to watch bees working on cranberry blossoms? The other day I counted dozens cf them and watched them go from flower to flower. The honeybee is quite slow and seems to have wasted actions. After watching many of them- I found they would average from 4 to 6 visits to flowers per hiin- ute. The bumblebee on the other hand seemed faster and more positive of action. They made 10 to 16 visits to flowers eacli minute and stayed on the mai-sh much longer. There seems to be an abundance of bumblebees this year but many growers would benefit by obtaining additional hon- eybees. (Prof. George C. Klingbeil ex- ecutive Secretan,'. Wisconsin State Cranberry- Growers Association, in Wisconsin Cranberry New^s). PERSONAL Dr. C. E. Ci-oss. dii-ector of Mass- rchusetts Cranbern.- Station and fam- ily spent the last two weeks of July cn an auto-camping trip to Ontario Province in Canada. He also visited Western Massachusetts. Officers Re-Elected By Ocean Spray Officers of Ocean Spray elected by board of directors were the same as last yeai-: President George C. P. Olsson; Plymouth, Mass.; vice presi- dent, Bert J. Leasure, Manitowish Waters, Wisconsin; executive vice president and general manager, Am- brose E. Stevens, Hanson, Mass.; secretan,', Russell Makepeace, Mar- ion, Mass. and treasurer, Chester W. Bobbins, Onset, Mass. I MR. MASSACHUSETTS CRANBERRY GROWER 1 I INSURE THE RESULTS OF YOUR HARD WORK You have raised your berries despite inserts, floods, droughts, hail, winter- kill, etc. Once they are harve'sted, your berries can be insured, at a cost of •Tc por barrel, (minimum premium S25.00). against tho following perils :- FIRE LIGHTNING CYCLONE TORN.ADO COLLISION COLLAPSE OF BRIDGES OVERTURN OF TRUCK BURGLARY (Visible signs of forced entry to bldg.) ive you immediate' coverage, if you will call us collect, sr 1. Name and Address 2. No. of Barrels 3. Location (s) of storehouse Holman Insurance Agency, Inc. Howard Morse. Jr. 27 Pleasant Street, Attleboro. Mass. CAstle 2-OTW fidJtT^al5 ISSUE OF AUGUST 1961 VOL. 26 - NO. 4 O^^^^ ANOTHER HARVEST It doesn't seem possible that time flies so quickly, that once again we are at the threshold of a new cranberry harvest sea- son. But we are. We enter it again, and the following marketing season, we think, with a degree of cautious courage. We are, apparently, not going to have another record produc- tion of cranberries. We will, however, have plenty to dispose of. It seems too bad that every grower cannot have a good crop each year. Crops do not often come about to be equitable. Nature steps in to oppose some growers more than others. This year in Massachu- setts there was the killing, disastrous frost of May 30, then there was dry weather, with almost drought conditions. The whole season there has been a bit too dry, in gen- eral. This means, in all probability that the growers of Massachusetts will be carrying more of the load this year in contributing to a shorter crop than might otherwise have been anticipated. Of course it is the ambition of every grower to produce as many barrels per acre as he possibly can. That is the eco- nomical and the prosperous way for him to grow cranberries. But all growers and all areas do not produce equally. If we should ever all get top crops we don't know how many cranberries we would have. There will now, it becomes obvious, be no marketing agreement to help out the industry with the 1961 crop. It will be up to the distributors to dispose of whatever the production turns out to be. We know that Ocean Spray, which controls about 80 percent of production and all independents will make every effort to successfully dis- pose of the yield. At any rate before too long we shall know the results of the 1961 marketing season — and if the cranberry "scare" is really forgotten. A WISE MOVE That is a good move on the part of Ocean Spray to build a new cooler room at Onset. This will enable the big coopera- CLARENCE J. HALL Editor and Publisher EDITH S. HALI^-Associate Editor Wareham, Massachusetts SUBSCRIPTIONS, $3.50 Per Year, FOREIGN, $4.50 CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin LEO A. SORENSON Cran.t>erry Consultant Wisconsin Rapids Wisconsin Washington Dr. CHARLES C. DOUGHTY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. Oregon GRANT SCOTT Coquille, Ore. Massachusetts Dr. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. EDWARD K. KNAPP Barnstable County Agricultural Agent OSCAR S. JOHNSON Barnstable, Mass. New Jersey P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey tive to have more berries available for the late winter and early spring market. There is a demand for fresh cranberries through the month of April as was proven last year. If the season can be extended at the end this is all to the good. A longer active fresh fruit market means that more cran- berries can be sold in this form, and that there will be less processed goods to move. Fifteen SERVIS^G THE WISCONSIN GROWERS READ CRANBERRIES WISCONSIN HEADQUARTERS FOR INSECTICIDES - FUNGICIDES HERBICIDES DUSTS - WETTABLE POWDERS - EMULSIONS Parathion — Malathion Ferbam — Dowpon Liquid and Granular Weed and Brush Killers Hopkins Agricultural Chemical Co. P.O. BOX 584 MADISON, WIS. Phone Alpine 7-1019 Miigiij ■■^■^^iil^ii ■ « II r mWi »^^^m^ MlMiWaM m^>*^^^m^mt IN ttHE FftOZEN, FOOD CASE MR. GROWER Our Job is working for you. Merchandising and Marketing Wisconsin Grown Cranberries Fresh or Frozen Imumjnail FROZEN FRESH WHOLE CRAN«lRRtE$ INDIAN TRAIL INC. ATTENDANCE HEAVY AT MASS. CRANBERRY CLLNICS Interest continues not to lag among the Massachusetts cranberry grow- ers with excellent attendance at the second 1961 cranberry clinics. About 200 attended the sessions. These were at Hanson and the State Bog on the 28th in Plymouth County and on the following day at West Barnstable and North Harwich. Speakers from the research staff of tihe State Bog were present and topics included insects and their control, summer weeds, methods of recover- ing from the severe frost of May 30 and hints on irrigation. Plans Shape Up For Bandon Cranberry Event "Cranberry Land — Fun for Every- one" has been chosen as the theme of Ihie 15th anpu/al Bandon (Oregon) iClranberry Festival to be held at Bandon, September 29 and 30 and CCkOoer 1. This was submitted by iRiilchard Groshong and was chose.i from some 19 entries by the Cran- berry Festival Association. Thiis year's coronation program S'hould prove to be the most enter- taining ever staged as professional entertainers have been hired. The Orerjon Jazz Band, with Bill Borcher, leader, will agin play for the harvest bail. This band is an unusual and out- standing group of business and pro- fessional imen from various parts of Oregon, who get together and play Dixieland jazz as a hobby. Several men's groups have been invited to march in the festival pa- rade and invitations have been extended to all high school bands in Coos and Curry counties, where Ore- ;gon eranlberries are grown. Five cranberriy princesses have been chosen who will compete for (he title of Cranberry Queen. Wisconsin Rapids WISCONSIN P.O. Box 710 FRESH FROM THE FIELDS (Continued from Page 6) trols were started early enough. Some crop loss was reported, but it was expected to be light overall. Fruitworm millers were in full fUght the middle of the month and con- trols appeared good. SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS FOR SALE SEARLES JUMBO HOWES, McFARLIN Vine* for delivery in 1961 $125.00 Ton F.O.B. INTERESTED IN PURCHASING WISCONSIN CRANBERRY PROPERTIES Vernon Goldsworthy B.S M.S. University of Wisconsin Cranberry Consultant Fees Reasonable EAGLE RIVER WISCONSIN ^5s^H;,'jEvr * „ \. .ivx.'-#;>s'.si:iss^'^s^^^\\:j! DANA MACHINE & SUPPLY Co. Wis. Rapids Wis. MF€S. of: SPRAY BOOMS GRASS CLIPPERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS (J«tsinger Retracto tooth pickers Dryers DISTR. of: VEE BELTS & PULLEYS ROLLER CHAINS SPROCKETS & BEARINGS CONVEYOR BELTING STEEL You/ Foreman Deserves A Subscription to Cranberries; too OUR PRODUCTS Strained Cranberry Sauce Whole Cranberry Sauce Cransweets Diced Cransweets Cranberry Apple Sauce Spiced Cranberries Cranberry Chilli Sauce Cranberry Bar-B-Q Sauce Cranberry Orange Relish Cranberry Vinegar Cranberry-Strawberry Preserves Cranberry Juice Cranberry-Cherry Preserves Cran-Beri Cranberry-Pineapple Preserves Cran-Vari Cranberry-Raspberry Preserves Cran-Puri Cranberry-Rhubarb Preserves Cranberry Puree Cranberry-Gooseberry Preserves Cran-Bake Sliced and Whole Maraschino Cranberries Consumer Size & Bulk Fresh Cranberries Cranberry Products, Inc. EAGLE RIVER, WISCONSIN s,*,i^;;ai^^^^Si&\ CORRUGATED CULVERT PIPE and FLOW GATES FelkerSros. Mfg.Co. MARSHFIELD WISCONSIN Phone 230 - 231 WISCONSIN CRANBERRY GROWERS are using more Signature Fertilizer year after year • Pelletized • Homogeneous • Dustless • Free-Flowing • 50 lb. Bags E. RAUH & SONS FERTILIZER CO. Indianapolis & Plymouth, Ind. YOU Are reading this ad. Others will read yours in CRANBERRIES Magazine J" "^ f .^^* \ Vi5 \ Sf' .,a ci .tie47,yyf ^ ;^"ra«(tic6 ap- proved, for yonix prefabmcated flume, see RUSSELL A. TRUFANT HYDRAULIC CONSULTANT PREFABRICATED FLUMES BOG RAILROAIS UNION 6-3696 No'th Carver, Mass. ly 200 subscribers, no increase would be necessary. Picking Machine School For the fifth successive year, piclc- ing machine schools were held in late August for the purpose of ac- quainting picking machine operators with the general maintenance, ad- justments, operational techniques, and field repairs of our present ma- chines. Robert St. Jacques and Louis Sherman were cur oaipable instruc- tors for the Darlington and Western raadhines respectively. While attend- ance was somewhat smlaller this year, interest was still extremely keen in these schools. Mtneograplh instructions sheets were distributed to those attending these demonstnatdons. Extra copies are available at the county agents' offices and here at the Cranberry Station. Simazine Approved The long sought-after approval for the new weed control chemical known as Simiazine has been received from the U. S. D. A. Growers have been notified and many will be using this chemical after harvest for the control of summer grass. The long delay has been frustrating to all concerned; in fact. Dr. Chester Cross and Irving Demonrtajnville had nearly given' up hdpe on having it cleared in time for its use next spring, so its clear- ance for this fall wias welcome news. The recomlmendation is as follows: use 3% lbs. of Simaziine (80% wet- table powder) in 300 gallons of water per acre for the control of summer For Consistent Dependability with PESTICIDES and FERTILIZER see the man from Eastern States T. C. Afihlej, Harry T. Fisher, Jr.. James P. Govone, Lawrence H. Ward, E. S, Service Center, E. S. Service Center, E. S. Service Center, E. Freeitawin MididlelboTO Foresitdiaile Pflyimoutih Btroickton New (BedlPord Taiunibom Tea. RockrweM Q-jyTlB Tea. Mildldldboro 2133-W Tel. Gardan 8-4393 Tea. PilLgiraim 6-O970 Tel. Juinalper 6-4055 Tel. Wyiman 6-i520a TeiL Van Dyke EASTERN STATES FARMERS EXCHANGE Headquarters: West Springfield, Massachusetts Brewer & Lord INSUEANCB 40 Broad Street, Boston, Mass.. ARTHUR K. POPE CONVERSE HILL WILLIAM B. PLUMEH ROBERT A. SULLIVAN EDWARD H. LEARNARD HORACE H. SOULE CHARLES M. CUTLER EBEN A. THACHER HERBERT R. LANE VINCENT M. WILSON JOHN R OEGILL, JR. Serving the People of New England Since 1859 grass after the crop has been picked. Further details will be available on the new weed chart for its use next spring, but we are happy to report that spring treatments of Simazine will be effective for the control d cutgrass, pitchforks, warty panic grass, morning glory, manna grass, ragweed, cinquefiol, sand spurrey, certain types of upland grasses and again, summer grass. It is not effec-j tive against the above weeds other] than suimmer grass in the fall. Areas I treated this fall should not be treated] again next spring. Ocean Spray Opens At $4.00 A Case Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. an- nounced its price for Massachusetts Early Blacks on September 11 as $4.00 a case or $16.00 a barrel. Open- in 1960 was twenty five cents more a case or $17.00 a barrel but this was shortly dropped to $3.50 a case. The 1960 opening was $1.00 more than it was in 1959. Ocean Spray began the shipment of Massachusetts berries on the week of September 18. Ripening in the East had been delayed by the hot humid weather, which was not con- ducive to early coloring. However, berries were sized by the delay, and quality was reported as especially good. Wisconsin planned to start ship- ping during the week of September 25. This was about normal shipping time for that state. Washington and Oregon were setting their first ship- ments also during the week of Sep- tember 25. This is about ten days early than normal for that area. Western Pickers Parts and Repairs Agent for 1%1 Model ORDER NOW J. E. BRALEY & SON MACHINE SHOP 78 Gibbs Ave Wareham, Mass. HAVE YOUR REPAIRS DONE NOW Issue of September 1961 - Vol. 26 No. 5 Published monthly at The? Courier Print Shop, Main St.. Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscriptions $3.50 per year. Second Class Postage Paid at Wareham, Massachusetts Post Office. FRESH FROM THE FIELDS Compiled by C J. H. MASSACHUSETTS August Started Cool August started out cool, as had July, with a igood deal of cloudy weather. By the end of the first week the temiperaturs began to climb with uncomfortable, humid weather, such las generally comes in August. Tem- peratures were around the 90's. This Was the hottest spell of the season, also dry. By the 14th temperatures were four plus for the month. With practically no rain during the montb conditions on the begs were getting dry. At the midway mark of the 17th temperatu|res for the month were exactly normal. Dry Spell Broken nnhe dry spell, had) equaMed 'the 17-day record for no rain in Aug- ust. The threiaterting drought was finally broken on the 21st with a heavy rain. There was rain again on the 23rd and on the following day. The drought which was just be- ginning to become critical to cran- berries was broken once more as it had ibeen in July. Month Normal Rain After the rain of the 21st there were a number of rainy days, eleven in all during the month. Total for August was 3.82 inches as recorded at Cranberry Station, with the aver- age 3.60, so it was not a rainy month despite the late storms. Month Slightly Warmer On the final day of the month tem- peratures for the 31-day period show- ed a plus of 31, or exactly one degree a day in excess for Augiast, even though .most of this excess occurred in the latter part of August. Berries Ripen Slowly As September came in berries were still slowly ripening and sizing'. The hot, humid weather of the latter part of August provided both hot nights and days and this was not conducive to ripening. However, this was con- sidered on the favorable side as ber- ries maturing ilate generally have better keeping quality. They also sized. By Sept. 6 temperatures for the month of September were a whop- ping 35 degrees plus. This "summer in September" lasted until Sept. 12, with the last three days record break- ers, piling up a total of an even 100 plus degrees for the month to that date. Harvesting Late A few growers began picking ohin vines the week of September 4th, but this was for holding for ripening in the box for the Thanks3,iving market. The majority of growers vv^aited until toward the end of the week of Sept. 11 to begin and berries were none tco ripe then. WISCONSIN August Hot — ESail August was an exceptionally good growing month for cranberries in Wisconsin; Sunny, hot and humid weather interspersed with adequate precipitation and with no recorded killing frosts sped vine and berry development. Ninety degree days were common the entire month in all areas with the cooUest weather just before the middle of the month. Highest recorded temperature was 96 and lowest was 36. Precipitation was variable with rains coming the first, middle and end of the month, with some local areas receiving cloudbursts the largest amount being 5.5 inches at Pine River on the 8th. A tornado on the 14th struck north of PhUlips. Along with the hot and humid weather there was a rash of AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS FERTILIZERS TOOLS R. F. MORSE & SON CRANBERRY HIGHWAY WEST WAREHAM, MASS. CY 5-1553 BOG SERVICE — AGENT FOR WIGGINS AIRWAYS bail storms during different periods of the month with the most daanaging occurring in the Warrens area the first part of the month. Total precipitation was above nor- mal in all areas excepting the north- western part of the state, which in- cidentally has been below normal the entire year. At the end of the month heat growth units had gone to the plus side, with above normal temperatures in June and July fol- lowing August's much above normal. Except for May the growing season has been good and compares some- what with the ideal season of 1959. Could Exceed Estimate Vines were very green at months' end with very little berry coloring except for sun blush on McFarlins. Some Black Veils and Ben Lears were reported coloring in the north. MR. MASSACHUSETTS CRANBERRY GROWER INSURE THE RESULTS OF YOUR HARD WORK You have raised your berries despite : kill. etc. Once they are harve'sted, you 5c per barrel, (minimum premiu sects, floods, droughts, hail, winter- berries can be insured, at a cost of $25.00), against the following perils :- FIRE LIGHTNING CYCLONE TORNADO COLLISION COLLAPSE OF BRIDGES OVERTURN OF TRUCK BURGLARY (Visible signs of forced entry to bldg.) We can give you immediate' coverage, if you will call us collect, giving 1. Name and Address No. of Barrels (s) of storehouse Holman Insurance Agency, Inc. Howard Morse, Jr. 27 Pleasant Street, Attleboro, Mass. CAstle 2-0794 C. & L. EQUIPMENT 191 LEONARD STREET ACUSHMET, AAASS. Cranberry Bog Service PRUNING FERTILIZING RAKING WEED TRIMMING Machinery Sales PRUNERS POWER WHEELBARROWS RAKES WEED TRIMMERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS - Large & Small _ For Further Information Call . . . F. P. CRANDON H. C. LEONARD Reckwell 3-5526 Wyman 5-3521 C J. TRIPP Wyman 5-2013 It is expected that vine dormancj and berry coloring will be late this year, due to extra heavy vine growti" and warm weather. Berries wert sizing rapidly and if the growing season continues above normal the size of the crop could increase some- what with the extra berry size. At the end of the month Wis. appeared to have a good crop, probably aver- aging at least 100 bbls. to the acre. Insects Light Fruitworm appeared to be under favorable control where insecticides had been applied. Worms were in their fourth and fifth berrys and were expected to be done early this year. Last year they worked very late. Spargonothis fruitworm were reported doing damage in the Rapids and north west areas. Overall Losses were expected to be light. NEW JERSEY August Wetter August averaged out about normal for temperature but was considerably wetter than normal. The average temperature was 73.1°F as compared to the norm of 73.6° F. The first part of the month was quite cool with night temperatures in the fifties on 7 days and in the forties on 3 days. The latter half of the month was very hot and humid with temperatures constantly near 90° and the relative humidity near the satura- tion point. There were a total of 5 ninety-degree days in the month. \ Rainfall amounted to 6.90 inches, ' which is 2.22 indhes more than the norm for August. Growers Concerned Over Humidity The cool night temperatures early in the month caused rather early red- dening of cranberries but the warm weather towiard the end of tlhe month (Continued on Page 14) CRANBERRY PICKING BOXES Shocks, or Nailed Let me repair your broken boxes — or repair them yourself. Stock Always on Hand F. H. COLE Tel. Union 6-3330 North Carver, Mass. Trend of Jersey Production Up On Less Acres, Opinion Of Tom Darlington Youthful Head of Whitesbog operates about 300 acres of Cranberries and 125 of Cultivated Blueberries — Whitesbog is one of three top Garden State Producers and operations are highly mechanized. By Clarence J. Hall "We are raising more cranberries on less acreage than we used to," declares youthful Tom Darlington, president of the J. J. White Company of famed Whitesbog of New Jersey. "We hit our low hi New Jersey about ten years ago and since then have been coming up by fits and starts, but the trend is up." The Whitesbog unit of the cranberry industry dates from its first piece of bog set out in 1858 by James Fenwich father in law of J. J. White. Today it consists of a total of 4,000 acres of land. About 300 are set to cranberry vines and 125 acres in ciUtivated bluberries. Cranberry produc- tion is around 10,000 barrels but it has gone as high as 13,800 in 1955. Aver- age blueberry produjction is 25,000 flats of 12 pints, for the past five years. Whitesbog in blueberries has gone as higih as 34,000 flats. Whitesbog, Darlington continues is still predominately a cranberry pro- ducing property rather 'uhan blue- berries. This even though some boj fw^s converted to blueberry plant- ings. Whitesbog aside from this di- version was at one time with higher aoreiage of cranberries. "I think we ^are stablized around these figures," Darlinig' says. "We are buildinig no new bog, but we are renovating and replanting old beds w!hen it seems desirable. I tliink the general expectation is to keep the proportion of cranberries and blue- berries about as it is now." Operation Mechanized With the inventive Tom Darlington as head, operations at Whitesbog are considerably mechanized. This is true particularly of the cranberry harvest. mhere is a battery Oi 24 Darlington pickers which Tom invented and wMch are mlanufactured by Hayden Separator Company of Wareliam, Mass. Berries are sorted by five Hay- den separators. There is a wiashing machine for floats. Sanding is still done, according to Tom in the "old-fashiianed wfay." It is done from flat top trucks with large balloon type tires. Not all of the three hundred acres of 'bearing crianiberry 'bog are harvested each year. As do many New Jersey growers Whitesbog* has -a "holding back" program — that is late holding of water to Idll the crop of tShat year ^and to rest the bog. This applies to about 50 lacres each yetar, so that ac- tual acrelage harvested is approxi- mately 250. The sections wMdh are held back are sanded, that is, they get a sanding about once in every five yeiars. Abnostt the entire crop, pmctioaHy 80 percent is machine harvested. This can be done because bogs have been put into shape so they can be me- chanically (harvested. Pruning Is Important Tom has devised a pruner, (wMdh is not for sale and has made a nusmber of these. This pruning operation is an important factor in the amedhanical program at Whitesbog. In this re- spect of pruning, Whitesbog is the leader in amount done iin New Jersey. Whitesbog has its own disking ana- chine for replanting renovated sec- tions. This was devised by Darlington. Veteran Foreman, Isiah Haines examines some giant blueberries grown at Whitesbog. (Cranberries Photo) Seven Vines are spread on the igromid and sprinkled and disked in the ground which is cultivated very fine and smootlh. They are then run over by the planter which (has flat, round disks. The vines are actually planted in rows six inches apart. Other grow- ers in New Jersey have disking ma- chines, but Tom says that Whitesbog is where disking originated in New Jersey. Air Fungicide Fungicide, Zineb, is applied froan fche air. "We worked out, in conjunc- tion with the New Jersey Cranber- ry and Blueberry Station a test pro- gram, comparing air-applied with ground spray. The results show that air control is not as good as ground spray. But, even so, nevertheless we find it more advantageous under our conditions because of labor costs to spray by air. Our labor force at tlhe time spraying is desirable, is needed for blueberries. Also ground opera- tions do some vine damage. "Our overall program gives us very good control." Less dusting and more spraying is done for insect control. Whitesbog has an adequate supply of water for irrigation and frost con- trol. Whitesbog, this very old New Jersey property (103 years in fact) reaajains as one of the three top-pro- ducing properties in New Jersey. Visit To Ocean Sprays Cranberry Kitchen Janet Taylor is Custodian of More than 1,000 Cranberry Recipes As early as 1939 cranberry growers realized the need for a Home Eco- nomics Department to create new uses for cranberries and ready-to- serve cranberry sauce. It was that year in Hanson, Massachusetts that the Cranberry Kitchen came to be. Since then Home Economics gradu- ates have been taking cans of fresh- ly packed sauce as they come off the canning lines to use them as ingredients for beverages, salads, hot breads, sauces, pies, puddings, cakes and other combinations to serve not only at Thanksgiving and Christmas but in menus throughout the year. The Cranberry Kitchen is a friendly Eight homey kitchen. You pass it enroute to the busy modem offices within the home office of Ocean Spray Cran- berries, Inc. It's a custom in New England that friends of the family visit by way of the kitchen door. So it is that visitors of the cran- berry people pass the "kitchen" door before they reach the offices within. The Cranberry Kitchen was built in 1941. Being thrifty New Englanders, cranberry growers used pine wood that was downed around their cran- berry bogs during the 1938 hurricane. Cheery yellow drapes are used to make a pleasing contrast. There's an authentic Boston Rocker for guests in the test kitchen. There are other antiques such as nutmeg grind- ers, ruffle fluter, old trivets, hand iron, etc., etc. The Cranberry Kitchen was closed during the war years. Then in 1946 a newspaper food editor from Pitts- burgh, Pennsylvania couldn't resist the invitation to come to Massachu- setts to build a Home Economics Department for Ocean Spray. Janet Taylor, a Carnegie Institute of Tech- nology graduate, has been Kcme Economics Director for 15 years. With her now is Carol Wr.lter, a recent Home Economics grr.dua!:e from Simmons College in Er-'on. Work in the Cranberry Kit'^hen centers around cranberry recipe de- velopment. At the present time there are over 1,000 ways to use cranberry sauce, cranberry juice cocktail, and fresh cranberries in the files. These recipes have been carefully tested and others are being developed or revised. Food releases witfli seasonal cranberry suggestions for using cran- berry products are sent with photos to 700 food editors throughout the country. Radio scripts are prepared for 500 major radio stations and TV programs are planned for 1600 TV and Utility Company Home Eco- nomics Departments. Homemakers throughout the coun- try send hundreds of inquiries each month to the Cranberry Kitchen. They'll request recipes for cranberry breads, pies, salads, frozen desserts and others. Each request receives a prompt reply. The Cranberry Kit- chen also works closely with Home Economics teachers in high schools and colleges suggesting ways to use cranberry products in their class- rooms. A new series of 8 cranberry recipe folders has just been printed. These include some of the Kitchen's favor- ites. In the series are: Barbecue Ideas, Plain & Fancy, Cranberry Treats Children Love, Festive Cocktail Touches, Cool Eat- ing For Summertime, Company Des- serts, Party Time Hot Breads, Shim- mery Jellied Salads, Spicy Sassy Sauces. If You would like these recipes for Your kitchen just droo a note to Janet Taylor, Ocean Spray's Cran- berry Kitchen, Hanson, Massachu- setts. Ocean Spray Pres. Olsson Optimistic In Annual Report (Editor's Note — Inasmuch as time and space did not permit a lengthy report on last month's issue of the address of Ocean Spray President George C. P. Olsson at the annual meeting of the Cooperative at Hanson, Mass., it is carried here almost in full. We believe it an important and encouraging report. ) I want to welcome you here to our 31st Amiual Meeting. I know that one of the first ques- tions in your mind relates to the con- dition of our General Manager, Mr. Stevens. I want to report to you that I saw Steve briefly last Friday. Hs appears to be makiiig a good recov- ery, and I would expect that sometime lafter Labor Day he would begin to take part in tihe affairs of your co- operative here at Hanson, and grad- Nin« T«i^ ually resume his full responsibilities at a later date. He sends his regards to all of you, and I am sure that he would aippreciate a note or card from any of you. When we first learned about Steve's unfortunate illness I knew that the responsibiUty for staff and policy di- rection, under the by-laws and by di- rection of line Board of Directors, fell upon me. I met with the officers and our counsel, and it was their unani- mous judgement that I should carry on until such time as we knew more about Mr. Stevens' condition and the probiable length of his disabiUty. I have had weekly meetings with either the officers or the staff, and have at- tempted to do those things which were for the best interest of the company. During this period, I have received the full cooperation of the officers and staff. We have made substantial progre£,s in regaining our consumer franchise since the unfortunate blow of Novem- ber 9, 1959. Our sales, although not back to normal, have shown a steady upward trend. During this pool year we ihave sold 237,321 barrels of fresh berries, and we have sold 3,724.272 cas-es of processed goods as of Au- iguest 1, whidh is the equivalent of 319,244 barrels. Our projected sales up to September 1 would bring our sales of processed goods up to 4,424,272 cases, or a converted figure cf 369,900 barrels. In order to reach this point in sales, we spent a sub- stantial amount of your money in advertising and promotion. If we had rot taken forceful and direct steps to regain our markets and consumer franchise immediately, it might (have teen years before we would have miade the progress which is indicated today. However, these dollars spent 'are all dollars which do not go into It-.e growers' pockets, but without sales no dollar could be returned to the grower. Sales in the fresh market were al- most back to normal, but to make sales and retain our share of tiie market, we were forced to drop from our opening price of $4.25 a case to $3.50 a case. The factors mentioned above, that is, a large commitment for advertising and promotion and a lower than normal return for the fresh berries, coupled with the large crop of 1960, forecasts a low return per barrel to our grower members. As of September 1st we will have earned approximately $6.00 per bar- rel, which is approximately the amount which has been paid to our growers. I am iiiformed that if sales come up to expectations, we will earn a total of $7.00 by October 1. The question which now confronts your directors is, "How long sliould the pool be kept open beyond this date?" The situation just described is the reason for our pressing our cause with the Federal Government. If we are able to get some assistance for the 1960 pool, either in cash pajnnents or by the purchase of cur surplus, I feel that we will have a much bright- er picture to present to you. With l:his m mind. Senator Smith arranged a meeting for the Cranberry Insti- tute representatives with the Under Secretary of Agriculture, Mr. Charles S. Murphy, on Friday last, and we stress-ed the need foe- a decision by the time of this meeting. Since the harvesting of the new crop is less than a month away, we have felt that an immediate decision was of vital importance. Az I was preparing these remarks I did not know what the crop forecast would be, but I feel cert'ain that there will be ?n adequate tupply in the 1S61 crop, descije fne short crop in Massachusetts, to take care of the nation's cranberry needs for the ens'oing year. If we get the assistance which we are seekir.g. I feel reasonably optimistic about the future of the cranberry industry. In tihe legislation which has jiost been enacted by Congress, setting forth the agricultural program fcr the coming year, cranberries have been included under the marke'ir,; order provisions cf the Agi'icuUural Markethig Agreement Ac;, of 1937. This was a goal which [Lie cranberry industry, through tha Cranberry In- stitute, sought to attain five years ago. We were fortunate that the Sec- retary of Agriculture was ui favor cl ma.rketinig orders, and tha'. we were able to persuade our representatives m Congress to have cranberries in- cluded as a part of this legislation. I know that many of you wou'd like to know just what Vais means as far as our business is ccncerned. In my opinion, it provides a real to:l which gives us an cppor', unity to le- gitimately elinunate any sui 'pluses Li the future. It is possible that v<;e :ou!J have crops of 1,4CO,COO barrels or 1,- 500.000 barrels in successive year-, and although I would hope that event- ually we will be able to market all the cranberries we raise, I wculd no: be realistic if I stated to you that we could market crops of this size in the immediate future. Ihe minrketi";;:: order kv; permits a ;o:nn't'tej of ';':_ industry to determine how many cran- 'eerries can be sold in an orderly market during a given year and to set aside the amount that cannot be disrisecl of withcut glutting and de- SHAWMUT GLASS CONTAINERS, Inc. REPRESENTING KNOX GLASS, Inc. 29 STILLINCS STREET BOSTON, MASS. Eleven pressing the market. You will learn more about the details of marketing orders when hearings are held in the various growing areas sometime af- ter the harvest season is over. If the Secretary of Agriculture ap- proves, we will be afole to use the marketing order if it is needed, and if the crop is of a manageable size, we will not have to reach for tlie marketing order as a means of hand- ling any given pool. This all ties in with the plans and policy of your Board of Directors to reach a point where each pool is cur- rent and is disrposed of before the new harvest begins. Along with this policy, we are taking steps to have the fiscal year and the pool year embrace the same 12 months period. This will en- able us to exercise tighter budget con- trols and to tell at a glanoe our sales picture as related to our financial position at any given period. There- fore, you will be asked to vote upon a change in the by-laws at the next Aimulal Meeting, which will change •Ihe date of the following Annual Meeting. It is our aim to have our pool and fiscal year close on Sept. 1. Following the recommendiations of our Operations Committee and the Artlhur D. Little Co., we are making plans which will require our (handlsrs to use as miany fresh berries as pos- sible. This means that we are going to try to sell all the berries we can in the fresh market — to process as many berries as possible into new im- proved whole sauce frosih berries — and process as much jellied sauce as is practical during the period while the berries are still in the fresh state. This would eliminate some of the excess freezer costs which we have been paying for a number of years. It is the policy of this Board and the plan of Management to put only those berries in the freezers which will be required to meet the sales demand until the time of the next harvest. As a first step in this direction, we are in the process of erecting a Cool- ing Room at Onset, which will have a capacity of 40,000 barrels of cranber- ries. This facility will enable us to hold berries for the fresh market un- til the first of April. It will also sup- plement our supply of berries for the new Whole Sauce. When the fresh ber- ries have been removed from tihis new cooling room, the cooling room Twelve will provide an excellent storage area for processed goods which have been mianufactured and are waiting ship- ment. We will be able to determine the optiimjum teimipc nature to hold llhese mianufactured goods, which we Iiope will extend the shelf life once they are put en the market. Before we enter into any further new addi- tions in the way of plant or equip- ment we are making a survey of all our plants. We have in mind as we make this survey that it is very prob- able that our crops in the future, and the Ocean Spray pools in the future, will run in the vicinity of a million barrels. We are going to detennine the best method of handling the raw product as it enters the various plants throughout the co'Untry — whether we have sufficient facilities to handle each plant's respective share of this million barrels — whether we have sufficient freezer space and cooling facilities. We feel that by doing this we can determine the most efficient and economical way to handle each crop without -moving the raw product or finisihed product any greater dis- tance than is absolutely necessary. This applies to moving berries to the freezer and shipping berries from one part of the country to another for processing. This study will be made within the limits of our present staff and personnel at Ocean Spray. This is a good time to mention our new method for the manufacture of Whole Sauce. Last year, on the rec- ommendation of the Arthur D. Little Co. and our Technical Director, Dr. Hampton, we installed new machinery for the manufacture of Whole Sauce. This was know as the Therma Screw process and permits the continuous manufacture of the product by means of an endless belt supply of berries, plus the automatic addition of sugar and water. One of the principal ad- vantages of this process is that it cuts down the number of skin rollers in the finished product. Just in case you have not tried this new product, we are mlaking two cans available for eadh person attending this meet- ing. This will be located near the Gift Shop in the rear of the Meetmg Room, and I hope that you will pick theim up as you leave. Another aim in adopting this new process was to process a Whole Sauce more hke the kind Mother used to make. Speaking of cocktail, we have fin- ally initiated a five year plan which will gain us national distribution of this product. We have voted and hn- pdemented the first part of this plan, Which embraces Upper New York State, Pennsylvania, Cleveland, Wash- ington, D. C. and the Baltimore areas. The first reports are encouraging and if the first year trial is fruitful, we may shorten the plan so that our goials will be reached in three years. I hope that in the near future Cock- tail will use up at least 100,000 bar- rels of berries, instead of the 40 to 50,000 now being consumed This leads me into the subject of new products, about which we have talked so much and done very little. We have given instructions to the Staff to proceed with the laboratory and consumer testing of a Cranber- ry-Orange Marmalade to be market- ed in jars and unfrozen. We have also given instructions to proceed with certain Spice Flavored Cranberry Jel- lied Sauces, which have already been panel tested. We have the Arthur D. Little Co. conducting tests on our cur- rent Cranberry Juice Cocktail to see if we can coime up wi tfn a better pro- duct and establish controls to keep the product uniform in taste, color, and quality. This is necessary in connection with our proposed nation- wide distribution. Last year we had the benefit of the Marketing Services of the United States Department of Agriculture in the fall promotion of the siale of cranberries. This was a tremenc'ous operation. It was one of the most complete and extensive marketing events ever conducted by that Depart- ment. Some of you may have heard about this at Growers Meetings. When I was shown the details, my own reaction wfas one of amazement. I have the promise from Mr. Syl- vester Smith, also known to the trade affsctionately as Si Smith, who is the new Administrator of the Agri- cultural Marketing Service of the Uni- ted States Department of Agrioiil- ture, that we will again have the benefit of this cooperation. To esti- mate the dollar value of this assist- ance is impossible, but it would inin into hundreds of thousands of dollais. I am sure that a good measure of our success last year was due to this as- sistance from the Department of Agri cuture. I am happy to know that Mr Martin Garber, Director of the Food i Distribution Branch of the Agricul- ture Marketing Service, under whose direction this program operates, is here today. And, at the same time I want to piay tribute to Mr. Chester Freeman and Mr. Harry WatUng of this same Department, Who met witlh our promotion people and are the ones who really made the oraniberries roll. It is my intention to seek authori- zation from your Board of Diirectors to make an advance of 50c a barrel on or before September 1. I feel that it will be more helpful to you at that time than later in tihe season. Al- though this additional 50c will not have been eiamed at that time, the auditor assures me that we will eaim (aipproximiately that amount by Sep- tember 15. I want to publicly thank tlhe em- ployees and the members of the Staff for their cooperation during the pre- sent emergency. I want to express my thanks to the Directors w(ho have been so helpful witJh their advice and support dur- ing this same interval. We have con- tinued to operate through three com- mittees — Operations, headed by Chester W. Robbins Marketing, by Ellen Sttillmian Finlance, by Bert Leasure They have continued to be an active land powerful force in setting g'uide- posts for our goals of malcing a bet- ter product — mlaking it more effi- ciently — increasing our sales — and in the end returning more dollars to our growers. To this task I have dedicated myself and, with their help and yours, I am sure we ctan look to a brighter future. More Comment On Dr. Bergman's Article (Editor's Note) Still another com- ment on the article Frost as a Fac- tor in Cranberry Crop Production, in our February issue by Dr. H. F. Bergman has come in. This is from Philip E. Marucci of the Cranberry- Blueberry Station at Pemberton, New Jersey. He pays tribute in respect to the work of Dr. Bergman, whom, he writes, in his opinion, is one of the best thinkers in the cranberry indus- try. Yet, he says there are state- ments in the article which he can- not accept. He writes Dr. Bergman wrote as his main foundation that "the num- ber of flower per upright that set fruit is the most important among the factors that determine the size of crop on a particular bog, since whatever the number of following uprights present, the size of the crop is directly proportional to the number of flowers per upright that set and mature." Mr. Marucci does not believe this to be true and sub- mits a paper by himself and Robert S. Filmer, also a research specialist in entomology. This paper follows: Cranberry Blossom Blast Is Not Caused By Disease by Phillip E. Marucci •and Robert S. Filmer Cranberry growing in New Jersey, once a strong industry, began to de- cline in the early 1900's when the virus disease, false blossom, made serious inroads throughout the State. Controlling the leafhopper vector and converting bogs to the more resistant Early Black variety have mitigated the effects of this disease. Recently growers have been con- cerned about a condition known as "blossom blast", which many con- sider to have properties of a disease of deficiency. The Cranberry Grow- ers' Advisory Committee at its 1956 spring meeting asked the Experiment Station to investigate this problem. Cranberry blossoms which fail to set fruit, unlike those of deciduous fruits such as apple or peach, do not drop but dry up and remain con- spicuously affixed to the stem. These are called "blasts" and the fact that they always greatly outnumber ber- ries is a condition which can under- standably be annoying to a grower. What causes a given blossom to blast or set is the result of many fac- tors which have an influence on the complex phenomena of blossoming and fruiting. Among the most im- portant factors are pollination, natu- ral over-abundance of blossoms, ox- ygen deficiency in the winter flood, evtreme cold in autumn before flood- ing, adverse weather during blos- soming, nutrition, false blossom di- sease and tipworm. Most of these factors have been well studied and the grower attempts to provide for each in his cultural methods. The investigators concen- trated on obtaining fundamental in- formation on the potential of the cranberry to convert blossoms to berries and the effect of pollination on this. Insect Pollination Necessary The imperative nature of insect pollination in the setting of cranber- ries was demonstrated. Cranberries enclosed by cages which excluded bees produced virtually no berries. Vines in a large cage enclosing a colony of bees did not set a higher percentage of berries than vines ex- posed to a one-ccolony-per-acre con- centration. This shows that a scarcity of pollinators will result in exces- sive blasting but that a high concen- tration of bees cannot be expected to decrease blossom blast. Five bogs were studied in 1956. Two of these were neglected pro- perties and three were efficiently managed. All of the bogs, however, had sufficient bee populations so that inadequate pollination was not a factor in blossom blast on any of them. Blossoming and fruiting data showed that the well managed pro- perties had significantly more blos- soms per square foot and more ber- ries per square foot, but they did not have significantly more berries per blossoming uprights and they did not have less blossom blast. Oddly, the highest producing bog, one of the best in the State, had the most blos- som blast as well as the most blos- soms. Selected samples were made from the highest producing bog to de- termine what characteristics were associated with unusual cropping ability. Samples from the better yielding areas had more blossoms and more blossoming uprights per unit area, but they did not have less blossom blast than the poorer yield- ing areas. In order to determine the relation- ship of the blossom upright density and of the percentage blossome blast to production, data from 305 areas in five bogs were arranged in classes according to the number of blos- soming uprights occurring per square foot. This clearly shows a di- rect relationship between density of blossoming uprights and production, Thirteen while blossom blast is patently only randomly related with production. Natural Overabundance of Flowers The cranberry produces from 4 to 20 million blossoms per acre, far more than can be expected to be converted to berries. It is known that apples can have a good com- mercial crop with only 4 percent of the blossoms and one out of three fruit spurs producing fruit. Cran- berries may set as high as 50 per- cent of their blossoms and usually bear more than one berry per blos- soming upright. Even with this ex- cellent fruiting record, the super- abundance of bloom makes an abun- dance of blasting inevitable. Artificial pruning of blossoms which reduced the blossoms on uprights re- sulted in a higher percentage set of fruit, or a lower rate of blast. Ob- servations on thousands of uprights showed that natural pruning (reduc- tion) of blossoms by frost and other factors resulted in a higher percent- age set (lower blast) rate on the pruned uprights. This constitutes evidence that the upright bears more blossoms than it has energey to set, with the inevitable result that many must blast. Conclusions Two characteristics are always di- rectly associated with good produc- tion — high blossom concentration and high density of blossoming up- rights. It is highly improbable that blossom blast is the result of some disease or deficiency, or that it di- directly effects production. The way to higher production of cranberries appears to lie in cultural methods which increase the concentration of blossoms. Communication To The Editor Of Cranberries What We Cranberry Growers Can Expect Among the advantages that some agricultual groups enjoy annually is the marketing of a new crop. We cranberry growers are fortunate to be in this group for, in spite of the disappointment of the past, it does give us a chance to start anew all over again. Although some of the previous years' problems have ling- ered on, also new opportunities, on the other hand, have arisen. I be- lieve these advantages apply more to fresh fruit than to processing, but I also equally believe that if we in the cranberry industry can conduct a fair and firm fresh fruit market as we did in 1958 we have laid the necessary groundwork for just as healthy a processing market. And with both these accomplishments we have of course brought about a sta- bilized cranberry market we are all seeking. No amount of Government aid can bring this stablilized condition about for us. The action of we cranberry growers, and more important, our cranberry distributors will determine the real health of our industry. Both with the 1959 crop and now with the 1960 crop our Government has shown its willingness to help us out of this trouble, which as former Secretary Benson said "was due to no fault of our own." Although the extent of the tielp might not have been as much as some of us had hoped for, it was nonetheless sub- stantial enough to keep most of us in biusiness, while the damage to our market is being repaired; and this, of coiorse, is what the indemnifica- tion program is intended for. I be- lieve we can expect lessenuig amounts of (]k)vemment aids in the next year or two, providing a lack of consumer confidence as to the cleanliness of our cranberry product still lingers on. On the other hand, if the lack of confidence that hampers our re- covery stems from within our in- dustry — that is between we growers and our distributors — who fail to .?ive due consideration to the mar- keting problems we all share in common, then we can expect a ra- ther painful, slow recovery at best. Fresh fruit handlers should be pleased with the manner in which they conducted the 1958 and 1959 (up to Nov. 9) fresh fruit seasons. The price remained firm and at a figure somewhat higher than we had en- joyed for a good long time. And be- cause of this firm price more fresh fruit was being sold by all distribu- tors than in any of the more recent years. This firm market created real encouragement and confidence from the buying public all the way back through the various handlers of our fruit on to we cranberry growers. I believe that this year we have many advantages that will enable us to pick off where we were forced to leave off on Nov. 9, 1959. The following five reasons will all add up to a fair and firm fresh fruit market in 1961; (1) the USDA re- peating their extensive and unusual advertising campaign. More good publicity reached TV, radio, news- papers and trade publication than most growers are aware of. And it was not a duplication of the kind of advertising Ocean Spray does pri- marily in magazines. (2) Our Government buying 100,- 000 barrels and more for the school lunch program and other outlets. (3) A smaller crop and Massachusetts will run noticeably under the USDA estimates of Augiist 22. (4) Our Government recognizing its responsi- bility to work with us until consumer confidence is restored in all cran- berry products. (5) For the first time I can ever recall no one group in our industry is pointing the finger of guilt at another. We were all hurt equally bad and by an outsider; and we can all work together to bring about our recovery. As should be expected this year's opening price will be the fairest price possible designed to sell the 1961 crop by the time harvesting begins in 1962 and to be current is one of the basic essentials of a sta- bilized cranberry industry. We don't all think alike and it is not to be expected that we will all agree with this opening fresh fruit price, but it will be a carefully con- sidered decision based on what the Ocean Spray management believes to be in the best interest of our en- tire industry. I am certain that if my Indepen- dent friends give as much considera- tion into holding the price line as Ocean Spray does in establishing this opening price we will be back to where we were prior to Nov. 9, 1959. Remember, a firm market means more sales for all distributors, and more money not only for them but for all we cranberry growers as well. It also means more and more conlidence being built into our in- dustry which all adds up to a healthy, stabilized cranberry business. Lawrence S. Cole North Carver, Mass. FRESH FROM THE FIELDS (Contuiued from Page 6) has retarded coloring of the fnait. Growers are concerned about the hot and humid weather which is accentu- ating the rot problem on many bogs. WASHINGTON As September came in the cran- berry crop on the coast looked very good. If it lives up to the forecast of 115,000 barrels for Washington and 48,000 barrels for Oregon this will be the largest crop ever produced. Some of the Washington bogs may run up to as high as 300 barrels per acre. (Continued on Pa^e 16) 6dJt>SJa-l'S ISSUE OF SEPTEMBER 196^ VOL 26 - NO. 5 OUTLOOK IMPROVING With the fourth largest crop on record coming up, even though the production in Massachusetts is much smaller than last year, the announcement that the Govern- ment will buy a "very substantial part" of the surplus is indeed encouraging news to the cranberry industry. Nobody particular- ly likes a situation in which Government aid is a necessity, but a necessity at this time it is. And this necessity was brought about "through no fault" of the cranberry indus- try, but by the ill-fated remarks of a branch of Government, those of the Sec. of Health, Welfare and Education Arthur S. Flem- ming on Nov. 9, 1959. Up to that period the season has been going remarkably well and the future appeared to be 'bright. Then the entire market, or most of it, was wiped out at a single blow. So it only seems fair that the Govern- ment should aid us in our recovery, and should continue to do so until this is com- plete. With the opening price now set, and it would appear to be a reasonable figure — and if it can be maintained — the outlook at the moment for a successful 1961 season appears definitely improved. CRANBERRY JUICE IN MEDICINE That is good news from Bert J. Leas- ure, prominent Wisconsin grower and vice- president of Ocean Spray that progress is being made in the medical field in the sale of cranberry juice. The juice seems to be becoming established as valuable in the treatment of certain kidney and other ail- ments. This is not strictly new, but has been slowly developing for several years. Not only is this good for the cranberry busi- ness, but it is also worthwhile in knowing that cranberries are now playing an im- portant part in the treatment of these ill- nesses. That was a good move on the part of Ocean Spray to have a booth at the con- vention of the American Medical Associa- tion in New York. While it is true there is not as much profit for the grower in the sale of juice as CLARENCE J. HALL Editor and Publisher EDITH S. HALL— Associate Editor Wareham, Massachusetts SUBSCRIPTIONS, $3.50 Per Year, FOREIGN, $4.50 CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin LEO A. SORENSON Cranberry Consultant Wisconsin Rapids Wisconsin Washington Dr. CHARLES C. DOUGHTY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. Oregon GRANT SCOTT Coquille, Ore. Massachusetts Dr. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. EDWARD K. KNAPP Barnstable County Agricultural Agent OSCAR S. JOHNSON Barnstable, Mass. New Jersey P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey in the sale of fresh fruit or some other pro- ducts, every sale does dispose of cranber- ries. The large surpluses are being cut down. We also like the spirit in which Mr. Leasure says that it is the overall sale of cranberries which helps the entire industry, and it is not so important as to which out- let is used. They all count. SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS FRESH FROM THE FIELDS (Continued from Page 14) There was a relatively warm grow- ing season and most of the bogs had been irrigated sufficiently to keep the berries growing in good shape. As tihe month started it appeared as if harv- est would not be until late in the month or October. Casaron A new material tried extensively for New Indian Trail Quality Sauce Strained Cranberry Whole Cranberry Sauce in Syrup Cranberry Juice Cocktail Plu« our regular line \fmmHpuul FROZEN FRESH WHOLE CBANBWWWlEs INDIAN TRAIL INC. P. O. Box 710 Wisconsin Rapids, Wis. the first time has been Casaron. The ■Cranberry Station repM-ts results it has had from bogs treated witih the imlaterial are very encouraging. Resi- due samples will be obtained frcon this current season, but will need ex- tension of trials for another year to work out a more exact treatment schedule. The material looks good against loose-strife and one or two hardy sedges. It also looks very good against horsetail as well as several others of the minor weed species. The materials are not registered as yet and therefore no recommendation can be given out at this time. The prospect of finding chemicals to at least partially solve the crEinber- ry weed problem looks very promis- ling at the present time and Dr. Doughty, Station director is sure that within the next year there will be one or possibly three registered for weed control use. Weather during the month of August continued to be relatively warm and mild, although tihere was a lot of overcast skies. The rainfall was .12 inches, the high temperature 72 and 70 on the 11th and 12th. Low temper- ature was 41 degrees on several oc- casions. WISCONSIN HEADQUARTERS FOR INSECTICIDES - FUNGICIDES HERBICIDES DUSTS - WETTABLE POWDERS - EMULSIONS Parathion — Malathion Ferbam — Dowpon Liquid and Granular Weed and Brush Killers Hopkins Agricultural Chemical Co. P.O. BOX 584 MADISON, WIS Phone Alpine 7-1019 HUME PRODUCTS CORPORATION Designers and manufacturers of •DEGRASSERS machinery for the cranberry industry •DRYERS • CONVEYORS SERVICES AVAILABLE TO WISCONSIN GROWERS: Steel stock from our warehouse Engineering services Complete machine shop service For information, write; HUME PRODUCTS CORPORATION Eagle River, Wisconsin SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS FOR SALE SEARLES JUMBO HOWES, McFARLIN Vines for delivery in 1961 $125.00 Ton F.O.B. INTERESTED IN PURCHASING WISCONSIN CRANBERRY PROPERTIES Vernoii Goldsworthy B.S. & M.S. University of Wisconsin Cranberry Consultant Fees Reasonable EAGLE RIVER WISCONSIN DANA MACHINE & SUPPLY C«. Wis. Rapids Wis. MFSS. of: SPRAY BOOMS GRASS CLIPPERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS Getsinger Retracto tooth pickers Dryers DISTR. of: VEE BELTS & PULLEYS ROLLER CHAINS SPROCKETS & BEARINGS CONVEYOR BELTING STEEL OUR PRODUCTS Strained Cranberry Sauce Whole Cranberry Sauce Cransweets Diced Cransweets Cranberry Apple Sauce Spiced Cranberries Cranberry Chilli Sauce Cranberry Bar-B-Q Sauce Cranberry Orange Relish Cranberry Vinegar Cranberry-Strawberry Preserves Cranberry Juice Cranberry-Cherry Preserves Cranberry-Pineapple Preserves Cranberry-Raspberry Preserves Cranberry-Rhubarb Preserves Cranberry-Gooseberry Preserves Cran-Beri Cran-Vari Cran-Puri Cranberry Puree Cran-Bake Sliced and Whole Maraschino Cranberries Consumer Size & Bulk Fresh Cranberries Cranberry Products, Inc. EAGLE RIVER, WISCONSIN »S; >fcsj^s^yS^;S^«fc'i,V„>5:S»3e>^*«*Si!aiK*XiE:i^J^4* i;^^'^,*^^^^ '^".y ■ yii'y.,.-Zi£z=.2^s:m. CORRUGATED CULVERT PIPE and FLOW GATES FelkerBros. Mfg.Co. MARSHFIELD WISCONSIN Phone 230-231 WISCONSIN CRANBERRY GROWERS are using more Signature Fertilizer year after year • Pelletized • Homogeneous • Dustless • Free-Flowing • 50 lb. Bags E. RAUH & SONS FERTILIZER CO. Indianapolis & Plymouth, Ind. YOU Your Foreman Deserves A Subscription to Cranberries; too Are reading this ad. Others will read yours in CRANBERRIES Magazine tvS' ui' .»<' ^: i## c . of 1 ■x .e^^^^' >^^^--'^ " ^ pDnu/c r OCEAN SPRAY CRANBERRIES. INC IVING X $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY •^y\t ^^-VIOHAL cmmRYMA6AZllfB I^ARy APE COD NEW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON CANADA \-\' ;;;::,:::ij;;rv; ;f*"i«:i; t^^ FRANCIS H. PHILLIPS, a Mass. Grower Since Age 14. 35 Cents OCTOBER 1961 DIRECTORY For CRANBERRY GROWERS Wcrcester Paper Box Corporation MEDFORD, MASS. Tel. MYstIc 8-5305 Manufacturers of Folding Cartons and Displays WATER WHITE KEROSENE For use on Cranberry Bogs Also STODDARD SOLVENT Prompt Delivery Service Fraocosiia Coal Co. — Inc. — Wareham, Mass. Tel. CY 5-0039 CRANBERRIES MAGAZINE . . Is . . . The SOLE Publication Of The Industry Accepting ADVERTISING Wareham Savings Bank WAREHAM and FALMOUTH Savings Accounts Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent Phone CYpress 5-3800 Kimball 8-3000 The National Bank of Wareham Conveniently located for Cranberry Men Funds always available for sound loans Complete Banking Service The CHARLES W. HARRIS Company 26 Somerset Ave North Dighton, Mass. AMES Irrigation Systems Sprinklers Weed killers Insecticides Fungicides from Cal. Spray Chemical Company Dupont Company I EQUIPMENT HAYDEN - SEPARATOR - WAREHAM, MASS. Irrigation Systems PUMPS SEPARATORS - BLOWERS SCREENHOUSE EQUIPMENT DARLINGTON PICKING MACHINES Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK ALFRED PAPPI At Screenhouses, Bo«8 and Pumps Means Satisfaction WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. CY 5-2000 SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. New Mass Project To Determine Keeping Quality An interesting and important pro- ject is getting underway at the Massachusetts Cranberry Station, East Wareham this fall. This is to try and determine, scientifically the keeping quaUty of cranberries. In the past this has been more or less "guesswork," not based on science. The project is being carried out with Station funds and a grant of $5,000 from Ocean Spray Cranber- ries, Inc. with a similiar amount to be made available next fall, and cooperation from the University of Massachusetts. Assisting from that unit is Dr. Jolhn Francis of the food technology department. A new laboratory is being built in the basement of the East Warg- NEW BURLAP BAGS for your PICKING MACHINES MADE TO ORDER WHITMAN BAG CO. WHITMAN, MASS. Peter B. Berman Tel. JUniper 3-6466 OR WARwick 5-2618 MIDDLEBOROUCH TRUST COMPANY MIDDLEBORO MASS. Member of The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ham Station. Sometime this fall a new man, a Ph. D. will be engaged to take charge. Already Dr. Bert M. Zuckerman of the Station and Prof. William E. Tomlinson also of the staff are at work on the project. Name of the new man will be an- nounced a little later. The project is to take berries as they are harvested and to make such scientific tests as will determine chemically what makes good keeping quality berries and what does not. The objective is a standard for good keeping quality, scientifically deter- mined. If the measure of good keeping cranberries can be so determined those of good quality could be given a graduated system in payment. The berries of first quality should be able to ibe used in a number of dif- ferent products and could be kept longer without deterioation. This graduated scale of payments could be passed on to the grower and serve as an incentive to produce as much quality fruit as possible, whereas there is now no such in- centive. Berries From All Areas At $4.00 Following the opening price of Early Blacks of Massachusetts and New Jersey at $4.00 a quarter, Ocean Spray opened Oregon and Washing- ton berries at the same price. The week of September 29 Wisconsins were also opened at $4.00. Ocean Spray reported to its bro- kers that the shipments were off to a slow start due to Hurricane Es- ther, and there was the warm wea- ther of all of September, with much rain to hold harvest back in Massa- chusetts. Ocean Spray in the week of Sep- tember 29 reported color excellent. Statement required by the Act of August 24, 1912, as amended by the acts of March 3, 1933, July 2, 1946 and June 11, 1960 (74 Stat. 208) showing the ownership, management, and circulation of CRANBERRIES, The National Cran- berry Magazine published monthly at Wareham, Massachusetts for October, 1961. 1. The names and addresses of the publisher, editor, managing editor, and business managers are: Publisher — Clarence J. Hall, Wareham, Mass. Editor — Clarence J. Hall, Ware- ham, Mass. Managing editor — Clarence J. Hall, Ware'ham, Mass. Business man- ager— Clrence J. Hall, Wareham, Mass. 2. The owner is : Clarence J. Hall, Wareham, Mass. 3. The known bondholders, mortga- gees, and othc'r security holders owning or holding 1 percent or more of total amount of bonds, mortgages, or other securities are: None. 4. Paragraphs 2 and 3 include, in cases whe're the stockholder or security holder appears upon the books of the company as trustees or in any other fiduciary relationship, the name of the person or corporation for whom such truste'e is acting; also the statements in the two paragraphs show the affiant's full knowledge and belief as to the cir- cumstances and conditions under which stockholders and security holders who do not appear upon the' books of the company as trustee's, hold stock and securities in a capacity other than that of a bona fide owner. 5. The average numbe'r of copies of each issue sold or distributed through the mails or otherwise, to paid subscribers during the 12 months preceding the date shown above was: 750. CLARENCE J. HALL. Signature of Editor Sworn to and subscribe'd before me this 2nd day of October. 1961. BARTLETT E. CUSHING (My Commission expires April 5, 196.3) SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES ELECTRICITY Is your good "friend" any month in the year. It is an especially valuable aid in October, when the daylight hours are shortening and you are busy with your screening and shipping. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM - PLYMOUTH CYpress 5-0200 PILgrim 6-1300 Ocean Spray Gets Gov. Contract For 100,000 Barrels Ocean Spray has announced to its members that it has received the entire bid for the Government allot- ment of cranberries to be bought fresh from the crop of this fall. The order is for 400,000 cases of 25 pounds each, or 100,000 barrels in all. The price to be paid is $3.30 a case, but the berries are bulk-packed in the cases with no individual poimd package and there are no brokerage fees involved. All berries are to be shipped by December 9th. A total of 30,000 barrels will be those from the Massachusetts crop; 55,000 from Wisconsin which has a If You Want A Good Flume At A Low Cost Use All Heart Redwood 2 Car Loads Due For Your Fall Requirements 6x8 — 6x6 — 4x6 — 4x4 Planking - Square Edged or Matched 2x6 — 2x8 — 2x10 — 2x12 SEND FOR YOUR FREE FOLDER ON THE "DURABILITY OF REDWOOD" E. W. Goodhue Lumber Co., Inc. MIDDLEBORO ROAD EAST FREETOWN, MASS Phones Rockwell 3-8811 — Middleboro 1275 Hold full flavor in your cranberry pack CORN PRODUCTS COMPANY Manufacturers of fine products for the food industry . . . and popular Best Foods Division grocery brands for the consumer. bumper crop this fall, whereas Massachusetts is expected to be oq the lean side; 10,000 from the West Coast and 5,000 from New Jersey. Such a purchase by the Gk)vem- ment is much appreciated assistance and it will reheve the fresh fruit market to the extent of the 100,000 barrels of this crop which is now indicated as the fourth largest on record. It will make the disposal of the balance of the fresh crop easier. Indian Trail Firms Of Wisconsin Rapids Makes Changes Joseph Hoeltinjg has ibeen appointed sales manager of Indian Trail, Inc. and Indian Trail Produce Shippers, Inc., of Wisconsin Rapids, Wiscon- sin, President Ben Pannkuk, presi- dent of both organization has an- nounced. Indian Trail, is of course, a sales agency for fresh cranberries and it's subsidiary Indian Trial Pro- ducts Shippers, Inc., is a shiptper of other Wisconsin fruits and vegetables. Marketing a complete line of fresh fruits and vegetables is the goal of the firms. Hoelting joined the Wisconsin com- panies as assistant sales manager in 1957 after 11 years in the wholesale ' fruit and vegetable business in Car- linville and Taylorville, Illinois. He resides at the Rapids with his wife, Rosemary 'and one daughter. At the same time it was announced that Richard Harmon had been ap- pointed sales manager of Indian Trail Foods, Inc., and Indian Trail Finer Products, Inc. Indian Trail Foods. Inc. markets frozen cranberry pro- ducts and Indian Trail Finer Pro- ducts, Inc., is the sales agent for a recently-introduced line of jellies and whole cranberry canned products and cranberry juice in bottles. Before poining the Indian Trail firms, Harmon was a production and pales executive with Green Giant Company of Vinton, Iowa, Welsh Grape Company, Kennewisk, Wash- ington and William Underwood Com- pany, Watertown, Mass. He was bom and raised in Portland, Maine and at- tended the University of New Hamp- shire. He lives at the Rapids with his wife. Myrtle and a son and daughter. READ CRANBERRIES Mass. Cranberry Station and Field Notes by J. RICHARD BEATTIE Extension Cranberry Specialist After a late start due to the lack of color of the fruit, the (Massachusetts cranberry harvest swung into high gear atout September 18 but cams to lan abrupt hailt Septemiber 21 as Ilurriciane Esther passed by, leaving 4.63 inches of rain over a 5-daiy per- iod. Fortuniately, wind damage was negiliigible. When picking finally did resume Seiptember 28, lack of color of the fruit was no longer a problem. Just for the record, measurable amounts of rain were recorded on eight days in September, mialdng a total of 5.58 inches wWch is well above average for the month. iF^ve general frost warnings were released ( includes afternoon and evening If ©recasts) compared to none in Sep- teimlber a year ago. More Rain In October The weather iplattem for ttie first 17 days of October has not changed, which already exceeds the monthly aveHage. The rain was interspersed with five frost warnings (7 in 1960), snow flurries occurred on Ofctober 15 — the earliest date in over 40 years, and bog temiperatures dropped to the middle teens on October 16 and 17. It is not our intention to imlake this column a running com- mentary on we^ather, but rather to note unusual weather conditions. We beheve this fall qualifies in this cate- gory. The resulting delays in pick- ing makes fhis one of the latest sea- sons on record. Some Water Harvesting The prolong'ed harvesting caused by unfavorable weiather conditions has clearly ipointed to the advantage of water picking. lOur experiments in water picking are continuing at the State Bog. A number of growers have indicated considerable interest and a few have done some wiater hiarvesting. Proifessor Stan Norton has worked closely with interested growers and has mlade the Station's equipnent aviailable to them. We | realize that only a limited acreage lat present can be water picked. If, however, it can be demonstrated that water-ipdcked cranberries, treated With 'lungicides, have essentially the same sheh-Ufe as our conventional dry-ipicked fruit, and that water pick- ling results in less mechanical in- jury to vines, cleaner picking and larger croups, we believe ways can be found to increase the acreage that could be picked in this manner. Entertained The icranberry industry hosted two large groups of out-of-state guests early in Ootoiber. Over 300 home demlonstration ag'ents, representing every state in the union, had an op- iportunity to tour the Ocean Spraiy riant in Hanson, inspect scime cran- berry bogs, enjoy a fine luncheon, i^nd visit historic Plymouth. The Cranberry Institute, Ocean Spray Cr'ahberries, Inc., Caps Cod Cran- berry Growers' Association, and the cranberry clulbs sponsored the tour and luncheon. Betty Buchan of Ocean Spnay Cranberries, Inc., was general ohairmian. She and her committee should be commended for their fine work. A group of 175 directors of the Farm Credit Adiministration, and again representing ©very state, tour- ed the Ocean iSpray plant in Onset, visited cranberry bogs, and enjoyed a luncheon in Plymouth, followed by a tour of historical ipomts of inter- est. Dr. Chester Cross, Dr. Fred Chandler, Irving Demortanville, and the writer served as guides d.uring the cranberry portion df the pro- gram. We thorougihly enjoyed meet- ing our out-of-state guests. Judigim? from the many favora'ble comments of the two groups, we believe that the industry has gained mlany new friends. GOVERNMENT MONEY The following exceirptte firom the Plymouftih Oounty 1961 Agricultural Conseirvatioin Progtmm Handlbook as amended tell what Federal hel(p you cam g&t on pTefabricated flumeis. "Practice No. F-l(C) Reorganizing cranbeVry bog water management systems to conserve water and prevent erosion. "The practice' must be carried out in accordance with a reorganization plan approved by the responsible technician. *** The Soil Conservation Service is responsible' for (1) a finding that the practice is needed and practicable on the farm, (2) ne'cessary site selection, other preliminary work, and layout work of the practice, (3) necessary supervision of the in- stallation, and (4) certification of performance for all require- ments of th^ practice. *** "Eligible measures : Cost sharing will be allowed for earthwork, materials and protective measures that are' a necessary part of cranberry bog dikes, flumes, canals, and ditches that ar^ used primarily to conduct water to the bog urea, regulate water on the bog are'a, or return used water from a bog area to storage re'servoir for subsequent re-use.*** MAXIMUM FEDERAL COST SHARE "50% of the actual cost of approved measures not to exceed; $8.00 per inch of outleit diameite'r for prefabricated flumes." To take advantage of this, first of all get in touch with your County Oomimatee. For Plymouitih County, this is at the Brockton Court House. When you are all signed ujp, and your praotice ap- pro ved, for youir prefabiricated flume, see RUSSELL A. TRUFANT HYDRAULIC CONSULTANT PREFABRICATED FLUMES BOG RAILROADS UNION 6-3696 North Carver, Mass. Exhibit At County Fair An exhibit of fresh cranberries was entered by the Cranberry Experi- ment Station at the Plyomuth Coun- ty Fair, held at the Brockton Pair Grounds September 28 to October 1. It featured the newly named varie- ties — Bergman, Franlchn, and Pil- grim. This was essentially a horticul- tural show and the response for this new venture by the public was gra- tifying. Market Report The first cranberry market report for fresh fruit was released October 2 from the Agricultural Market News Service under the direction otf John O'Neil in Boston. This will be the eighth season that these weekly re- ports have been prepared for grow- ers and shippers. The Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association ini- tiated the request for such reports. Mr O'Neil said that our Massachu- setts shippers are cooperating very nicely by supplying the necessary in- fonnation on weekly movement, prices, and condition of the Mass- achusetts crop. Growers not receiv- ing the report at present and who wislh to receive it should write Mr. Joihn O'Neil, Agricultural Marketing News Service, 408 Atlantic Avenue, Room 703, Boston, Mass. Institute Directors Vote For Cranberry Marketing Order Directors of Cranberry Institute meeting at headquarters. South Dux. bury, Mass., decided to start the ball rolling for a marketing order for the 1962 crop, instead of a marketing agreement. This depends upon a two-thirds membership vote of the industry. With an order, compliance is mandatory as it is not with an agreement. Hearings are being re- quested from the USD A for this fall, after harvest. Directors are also working to- wards a contribution of four cents a barrel to cover the cost of Institute administration. This cost can be as- sessed against the distributor, but if the grower meets the cost, it is considered it will be easier on the distributor, and a cost of four cents a barrel not really felt by the in- dividual grower. ADVERTISE IN CRANBERRIES Brewer & Lord INSUBANCE 40 Broad Street, Boston, Ma&6. CONVERSE HILL WILLIAM B. PLUMER EDWARD H. LEARNARD JOHN B. GECILL, JR. HORACE H. SOULE CHARLES M. CUTLER EBEN A. THACHER VINCENT M. WILSON Serving the People of New England Since 1859 Colley, Leasure To Europe For Cranberry Institute Orrin G. Colley, President of Cran- berry Institute and Bert J. Leasure, of Wisconsin, vice president of Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. planned to leave for Europe October 21 for a trip of five weeks in the interest of cranberry promotion in Europe. Both go as representatives of the Institute, with funds provided by the USD A, while the Institute provides the personell. They will go to Lon- don where there is a week's fair at the United Trades Center at which cranberries will be displayed. They will explain the cranberry industry, give taste and testing demonstrations of cranberries. The Institute feels there may be an important market for American cranberries in European and other foreign markets, if these can be de- veloped through assistance of the USD A. Arthur D, Benson Arthur D. Benson of Middleboro, former manager of the now defunct New England Cranberry Sales Com- pany died Oct. 18 at Massachusetts General Hospital. He was also a crant>erry grower in his own right. For many years he iWas extremely active in the Massachusetts and na- tional cranberry industry. He is survived by two sons, John K. of Needham and Stanley D. of Lakeville, who is active in Ocean Spray. Western Pickers Parts and Repairs Agent for 1961 Model ORDER NOW J. E. BRALEY & SON MACHINE SHOP 78 Gibbs Ave Wareham, Mass. HAVE YOUR REPAIRS DONE NOW I Issue of October 1961 - Vol. 26 No. 6 Published monthly at Th^ Courier Print Shop, Main St.. Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscriptions $3.50 per ye Second Class Postaee Paid at Wareham, Massachusetts Post Office. FRESH FROM THE FIELDS Compiled by C. J. H. MASSACHUSETTS There wias amother frost warning, the third of the fall on the evening of September 30. This was for probable frost. However, none developed and the lowest ipoint recorded was a 29. The growers got in six solid days of 'beautiful picking weatlher the end of Septemlber laind the first of October. iMulch progress was made in the harvest of Early Blacks. By the first week end in October harvest was only about ten days behind normal, even though it was very late in be- 'ginninig. Harvest of Massadhiisetts ©arlies is usuailly comlpleted by Sep- temlber 25, but it was well along by the ending of the first week in Oc- tober despite a coupie of rainy days. More Rain There were two rainy days Octo- ber 3 and 4 which still further delay- ed and a frost warning on the night of the 5t(h. This was for possible frost, Avith warming temperatures toward morning. A numiber of grow- ers flowed low spots but kept somie out for harvest the next day. Low- est temperature was 28 which would have oaiused no harm. Harvest was not imuidh delayed. Although there were a niumlber of good poicking days in early and mid- October, harvest, with the late start, was still delayed. Some years it is imostly over bfy the October 12th holi- day, it will continue this year for some, iprobably into November. Harvest Delayed Two Septemlber frost delayed har- vest, just as general picking was about to get underwiay. This wlas followed by the rain of Hurricane Esther, and then oaime several days of drizzly, rainy weiather further de- laying the barvesit. Hurricane Esther A Factor Esther returned in dying form on the 25th again deluging Cape Cod and all New England with heavy rain. Neither Esther, as she first struck in diminished form nor her feeble re- turn caused any damage to the cran- berry crap or bogs. However, she dumped a lot of unneeded rain in the area and further held up the already long delayed start of general picking. Because of these factors harvest did not really get underway in fulU swinig until September 27. Sept. Much Warmer i September was a much warmer month than normal, with summer weather lingering through pr'ac tic al- ly all of it. This held back color and sizing. The month ended with a big 142 degrees plus for the thirty day per- iod. Or slightly more than four de- grees a day on the hot side. Rainfall for the month was 5.58. Average for September is 3.74. NEW JEltSEY Warmest «Stept. In 30 Years September was a continuation of of summer with hot humid weather [prevailing thruout most of the per- iod. The average tempei^ature Was 71.2°F. Which made it the warmest September in thirty years. There were 10 days in which the temjpera- ture was in the nineties, a record in this respect. As is often the dase in New Jersey there were extremes C(f cold weather as well as warm in the same month. There were frost alerts issued for cranberry growers on 6 nights - the 16th, 17th, 26th, 27th, 28th and 29th. Cranberry bog minimum temperatures were close to freezmg on all of these nights and ranged from 27 to 29 on the coldest bogs on both the 28th and 29th. Many growers flooded their bogs on those nights and no frost AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS FERTILIZERS TOOLS R. F. MORSE & SON CRANBERRY HIGHWAY WEST WAREHAM, MASS. CY 5-1553 BOG SERVICE — AGEWT FOR WIGGINS ALWAYS damage has been observed. Rainfall Slightly Less Precipitation during the month amounted to only 3.17 inches of which 2.37 inches was associated with hurricane Esther. TJne deficiency in rainfall for Septemiber was 0.45 inch- es. For the year 1961 we now have a total of 38.38 inches which is 5 in- ches more than normal for the first nine months of the year and 89 % of the normal annual precipitation. Scald Alarming The extremely warm weather has caused an alarming' aimount of scald. This is very serious on some bogs and has appreciably reduced the po- tential crop in New Jersey. Spargan- othis fruitworm has been extremely injurious on some bogs where D.D.T. has been used intensively for over 10 years. This is attributed to the development of resistance to D.D.T. by this insect. Resistance to tlhe in- secticide by cranberry tipworm is also quite apparent on New Jersey bogs. WASHINGTON Harvesting Begun The cranberry harvest started to- ward the end of September, for those with water availalble. Grayland was harvesting full speed by tjhe first week in October. There has de- veloped some shortage of harvest help but not to an alarming degree. Hand picking of the trial plots at the Station bog began, and samples of berries were being sihipped to various laboratories for residue analysis. September Dry Weather was extremely dry during September with the humidity drop- ping to 6 per cent on two days, 12th and 13. It was 14 on the 20th, 18 percent on the 27 and 21 on the 24th and 34 on the 14th and the 20th. Water Table Low The water table dropped extremely low and the sumps on many ba^S were almost enilpty as October came in. This will delay harvest in the Long Beach area considerably. Sprinkling was done on 4 different occasions; Sept 12 from 1:15 to 5:30 p.im. for 86 degree weather and 6 r.e-3ent humidity, the 24th, 26th and 29th for frost. High temperature for the month iwas 86 degrees and low tem(perature was 30 degrees. Only .62 inch of rain fell during the month up until the SOth when there was .22 inch. WISCONSIN Above Normal Temperatures September was a month of con- C. & L. EQUIPMENT CO. 191 LEONARD STREET ACUSHNET, MASS. -::: — : Cranberry Bog Service PRUNING FERTILIZING RAKING WEED TRIMMING Machinery Sales PRUNERS POWER WHEELBARROWS RAKES WtED TRIMMERS ' FERTILIZER SPREADERS - Large & Small For Further Information Call . . . F. P. CRANDON it C. LEONARD Rockwell 3-5526 Wyman 5-3521 C. J. TRffP Wyman 5-2013 trast. Temperatures in the nineties were common the first half of the month with the last week of the month setting new cold records. High temperature was 95 and low was 13. Precipitation was above normal in all areas excepting the north west, i which has been having a continued' drought. Summary for the month was above normal temperatures and precipitation . The extended fore- cast for October is for normal tem- peratures and precipitation. Maturity Slow The above normal temperatures the first half of the month added considerably to the cranberry crop, in adding much size to the berries. Cupcounts showed crop increases of as much as 309^ during this period. The above normal weather condi- tions also lenghtened the growing season and slowed berry coloring. At the end of the month vines on peat or muck were aknost grass green. Growers were holding water levels down in an effort to hasten vine maturity and some were giving their crops some frosts to hasten maturity and berry color. Pay Scales Higher Some harvesting on the native variety of berry was started the third week of September. Berries were quite light colored, but well sized. Most of the marshes were harvesting the 25th with a few hold- ing off until Oct. 2. Water supplies appeared adequate even with con- siderable flooding the last of the month. Help appeared in good num- bers, with the usual influx of Indian labor. Pay scales were reportec slightly higher than last year. Size of Berries Good Early raking seemed to indicate (Continued on Page 16) CRANBERRY PICKING BOXES Shocks, or Nailed Let me repair your broken boxes — or repair them yourself. Stock Always on Hand F. H. COLE Tel. Union 6-3SS0 North Carver, Ma«». Francis H, Phillips O f Massachusetts Has Been A Cranberry Grower Since 14 Operates 20 Acres, Getting better than average production — Is constantly improving his properties — Is not discour- aged by current outlook, but wishes he had more cash to put into Betterments. By Clarence J. Hall A second igenenation and a full-time grower is Francis H. Phillips of Ply- mouth, (Massachusetts. No, I laJm not discouraged lat tihe cranberry outlook," he says, "The only thing that discourages me in that I can't get ahead faster in bog improvements. Outgo has a way of keeping up with income so that I can't do all the things I am anxious to do as fast as I want to do them.. Ifto in cranberry (growing to stay". Young Phillips has been Ian (actual cranberry (grower since he was four- teen, when he began on a very small scale. He now gets much better aver- age Massaichusetts production per acre, but is still not satisfied. "I'm going to keep on improving the bogs and trying to get constantly better production." Son of Cranberry Grower ivhich makes it ipartly a cold bolg so He is the son of the late Nicholas jhat berries have been lost, particu- Phillips who was a cranberry grower from the time of his youth. Phillips operates two properties one of 15 acres on Wapping road (Rte. 106) in Kingston and one at Snuelt Pond, also in Kingiston, of 5 acres, making 20 in all. He has no foreman, but does emlploy temiporary help and is a busy mlan with -bog work. The Waipping Road bog was owned by the elder iMr. Phillips who died in 1955. When he acquired this Gifford proi>erty, as it was then laiown, it consisted of 9 acres. He later put in six acres more. The entire property consists of nearly 80 acres including the 15 in vines. More bog can be ^xit in. This was more or less se^mi dry, 'but yourug Phillips has no-v improved the water supply. It is flooded — plenty of winter flood — from a rain Water brook by griavity this brook continuing to run througth the course of the bog. There is also water from Crossmian's Pond. This pond of 20 acres is state owned but Phillips is licensed to pull water for his own use on the 'bog. The east- erly end of the Pb(L'lhps property fronts on the ipond taking up about one-third of tihe total waterfront on which are summer cottages. This is partly gravity flow, but he has an electric pump in case the water gets too low to ibe flowed by gravity. The pump is a two-way 16 inch Bailey pumip, throwing abouL 8,000 (gallons per minute. With this he can pump some of the water back into the pond; the rest going .under Wapping Road and into Jones River where it flows off to the ocean. This is all ipeat muck bog, no hard bottom. Some parts have springs larly in the spring through frost. He calls it about 50 ipercent cold bottom bog. Believes in ^anulllg Ho has a sufficient supply of sand, w'hich he has to screen as it is partly gr^CLvel. Phillips believes firmly in a sound sanding program. "I'm sand- ing all the time," he says. "I know I get better crops that way. "However, I think since the pick- ing machines came in — that is the Western — that we cam igo for four or five years before it is necessary to resand a section. I am trying to get 1.. a position now w^here I can resand every section every four years." He has a sand jalopy and does his own c-anding with three temporary help- ers. He feels that is the right crew for the best efficiency. The bog is set to about 7 acres of Howes and 8 of Blacks. The Smelt Bog The Smelt Pond bog was owned by his late uncle, Frank PhilhpiS, who died in 1922, the property then pass- ing on to Francis's father. This he described as formerly being an "old- fashioned" borderline bog". It sloped from the pond toward a swamp and gradually ran out. The Smelt Pond is set to an acre and a half of Howes and 3 and a half of Early Blacks. Since he acquired this piece of bog Francis has entirely rebuilt all of it. He did what he calls "deep-ploughed" work. He built a dike of 400 feet to keep stwamp water out. The dike was built in 1946. It was a tremendous (undertaking and was built with power shovel, bulldozers and two trucks. Because of the soft bottom the dike kept sinkiaiig, but fin- ally after two weeks of work the dike was made to hold. Then the following year the whole surface 'was "deep^plowed," by put- ting a clamshell on oak mats at work digging to a depth of 8 to 10 feet, burying all tihe surf^ace brush and trash and then refilling with mud, until they had completed two acres. Then it was replanted. Two Italian women one 73 and the other 75 did all the planting work. They worked ibendinig from the waist and were never on their knees. They continued in the same process the following year iintil the entire five acres were replanted. This bog now has reason- ably good drainage, but it has to be kept wdl-drained, with a pump going all the time. He has a Trufant aiuitomatic gas pump for this punpiose which has proved very efficient. He is now putting in a second pump, a St. Jacques electric pump in line with the other. With one pump powered l-y electricity and the other by gas he will 'be insured against failure of either one. Some how or other this bog has never been a weedy one and he has very little trouble in this respect. 100 Barrels Per Acre It is on the smaller Smelt Pond i;og that he (gets his best production. For the past three years he has averaged about 100 barrels to the acre. His top crop has 'been 670 bar- rels. On the acre and a half of Howes he has picked as high as 265 and 275 barrels. On the Wapping Road property he averages about 65 barrels to the acre, a production which is muclh better than Massachusetts. He has produced up to nearly 1,000 barrels. His father built and owned a bog in North Plymouth called the Rye- field bog. This was back in the 1920's. \\.\b is now owned by Antone Lenari. Started At Age 14 Near this 'bog there was a sm'all half-acre bog. This is where he be- came a cranberry (grower at the age of 14. His father gave him this piece as his own and his sole responsibility. It was an inducement to (become a cranberry grower and it worked. He paid the taxes on the piece, did the work and made all the decisions re- garding its management. He some- times went to his father for advice. "On that bog I would make as (mudh as $80.00 or $90.00," (he says, geven View of the Phillips x>ug siiowiiig brook running through it. (CRANBERRIES Photo) '"and that seems like a lot of money to a smlall boy. Ithat wias wlhen I de- cided to become a cranberry grower. I like cranberries anyway and drink the juice every morning and eat them for many meals." Francis was bom in Plymouth March 2, 1918. He attended Plymouth Schools and was graduated from Ply- mouth High School in 1936. He has been interested in cranber- ries all his life. But for five years he worked for the Plymouth County Electric Company. However, he con- tinued his work on the bogs for his father during that time and never lost touch with the industry. In US Navy He was in the U. S. Navy for four years. He entered service as la reg- ular seaman but got into gunfire con- trol operations, which is really the aiming of guns. He came out of service as a first-class gunfire con- trol man. Prior to the war wMle with the Plymouth County he built part of the Smelt Pond bog. At that time he was in partnership with his brother-in- Pight law Robert Jones of Plymoutih wihom he bought out in 1949. Francis does all his own frost work and is a busy man on a frost night althouigih he doesn't consider his bogs in particularly frosty spots. He has to take care of five pumps in all, one electric and 4 gas. He has to tend to five flumes. Insect Control Theory He has a particular theory on spray- ing his bogs for insect control. Dur- ing the past five years he has had no particular insect trouble, although he has been bothered some with ispair- ganothis and some root grub. He be- lieves in early sipraying, with para- tlhion iwith which he has had good luck. He sprays 'at least three and some times four times, two to 15 days apart. The insects will come in, he knows and thinks that this regul'ar spray program keeps then at a mini- mum of infestation. His spray work is done by straight- wing plane from Aerial Sprayers, Inc. Conservation Program He has gone in for ACP Agricul- tural Conservation Program — and has comipleted two projects. One is the leveling or lowering of his bog uplands along the shores. This is to get down to the bog at any point for be J work. These upland shores are then seeded and kept mowed to pre- vent soil erosions. He has also ditch- ed the whole of both bogs with a clamshell shovel. The c'Jiier p.rojeot is the putting in of Orangeburg drainage pipe on cer- tain wet sections. This drains the wet miiddle of some of these sections into the ditches to get the whole bog as dry as possible. Advocate of Good Drainage Francis is an advocate of good drainage and of running his bogs as dry as can be done. For this work he received a cita- tion from the Commonwealth of Mass- acjuseits, Department of Agriculture. This reads: "In recognition of agricultural prac- tices and achievements in soU and water conservation, this Certificate of Merit is awarded to Francis Phillips." It is signed by the Plymouth Dis- trict, Department of Agriculture, Charles H. McNamara, State Com- missioner and is dated 1959. Thins Woods In Winter Around his bogs he owns beautiful stands of pine and hardwoods. In the wintertime he puts in much time thinning this and cutting a lot of pulp- wood out. In 1954 he cleaned out the slash from the hurricane. While he has not achieved this yet, it is his ambition to be an accredit- ed tree farmer. But in the meantime he is improving his stands of trees according to the best approved for- estry practices. He beUeves that the keeping of bees about a bog is important and he rents 14 hives of bees for this purpose. The elder Mr. Phillips was a pion- eer member of the late New England Cranberry Sales Company. Francis was also a director of this organiza- tion for several years. In 1950 he went on the road as inspector for the late American Cranberry Ex- change. On these trips he visited New York, Boston, Cincinatti, Phila- delphia, Buffalo, Detroit and other cities. This gave him a valuable in- sight into the marketing end of the cranberry business. Was Club President For several years he was presi- dent of one of the Plymouth County 'Cranberry clubs, the South Shore. He is still a member of this and also of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' As- sociation. He is not a "joiner" as he says and belongs only to these two organizations from which he derives direct benefit. Like many other cranberry growers his spare time is spent in out-of-doors pursuits. He like to go deer hunting and salmon fishing in Maine. He is unmiarried and miakes his home with his mother, Mrs. Evelyn Phillips at 9 Cushman St.,, Plymouth. For bog equipment he has two Western pickers, the sand jallopy, a weed chpper, two trucks and a high pressure sprayer, holding 200 gallons wthioh he uses largely for weed con- trol. In addition to his cranberry grow- ing, Francis has 100 bushes of cul- tivated blueberries growing at his Wappdng Rd. bog. Ocean Spray To Launch Massive Ad Program Ocean Spray will launch a full- scale, 12-month advertising campaign in November backed by a massive publicity program reaching all media. The 12-month advertising schedule calls for full-page and half-page 4- color ads in more magazines than ever 'before with the heaviest con- centration during the holidays. The November ad alone will reach an estimated 40,000,000 people through the pages of MlcCall's, Ladies' Home Journal, American Home, Better Homes & Gardens, Woman's Day, Good Housekeeping and Everywo- man's Family Circle. The lead-off advertisement in No- vemlber dramatizes "5 Ways To Make Your Turkey Taste Better" with serving ideas for both Ocean Spray Jellied Cranberry Sauce and the new improved Whole Berry Sauce. Subsequent advertising will combine cranberry sauces with meat loaf, roast pork, chicken, ham and hamburg as the natural mate for all meats. Today, Thanksgiving still ranks first place as a peak cranberry sales period. Christmas and Easter run a close second and third, while cran- berry usage in the summertime is building a stronger market every year. To give further push to these sales peaks at holiday time. Ocean Spray will throw the full weight of its magazine advertising behind Novem- ber, December and April promotion and for the first time will round out the calendar with a full-scale adver- tising schedule, month by month, through next October. The opening holiday campaign will have dramatic publicity support in all media, highlig^hting cranberry dishes for traditional holiday treats. Also launched at the same time will 'be a new series of educational cran- berry films for public and television use, geared for the women's audi- ence and presenting new and exciting uses for cranberry products. Following through on the pre-sell of the consumer advertising and pub- licity will be a wide assortment of promotional pieces for store use. They include a 30" x 42" spectacular colored poster on a 7% foot display pole, posters which Ocean Spray will imprint upon order, case cards, shelf talkers and channel strips. The point-of-sale material carries both the holiday and year 'round promotion themes, "Traditional Treat for Holiday Meat" and " Make Every Meal A Hohday Meal." Wisconsin Tests On Sweetness Of Cranberry Products Research on the desired sweetness of cranberry products and canned peas and corn is being carried on by the University of Wisconsin imder the direction of Professor K. G. Weckel, it is announced. Grants for these studies are 'being provided by Sugar Research Foundation, Inc., which is supported by the sugar industry in the United States and other coun- tries. Scientists at the University of Wis- consin are studying the flavor bal- ance of the sweetness and sourness in cranberry products to determine the best taste level for consumers and to develop new products for the increased use of cranberries. Taste studies are lalso being carried on to determine what levels of sugar and salt in canned com and peas will best suit the consumer. Twenty-five research projects — studies in food technology and sucro- chemistry — will be supported in this country and abroad by the Sugair Research Foundation, Inc., during the coming year. Since 1943 more than $3,500,000 has been spent by the sugar industry through the Founda- tion to help discover and develop new and significant uses of sugar and its by-products for both home and industry use. WISCONSIN RAPIDS ELKS SALUTE CRANBERRIES WITH DINNER, FEATURES Wisconsin Rapids Lodge of Elks No. 693, saluted the Wisconsin crian- berry industry with a dinner and pro- gram on September 5th. Dinner was preceded! by a cranberry cocktialil time. The program committee had an in- teresting program and the dinner in- cluded many interesting cranberry dishes. It was scheduled as a- "kick- off" for the approaching Wisconsin harvest season. National Convention Group Visits Ocean Spray And Bogs Farm Credit Administration direc- tors, representing farm interests from all states of the Union met for a four-day conference in Springfield and then on October 9th made a tour of cranberryland in Massachusetts. The group visited the Onset plant of Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. and saw the process of cranberry screen- ing and the making of products. It then started for Plymouth, stopping off at two bogs including one of the Makepeace properties. There the group was met by Mau- rice Makepeace of the company who gave lan interesting talk on cran- berry operations and explained the activities going on. The group visited Mayflower II, saw Plymouth Rock and visited other points of interest in historic Plymouth. J. Richard Beattie, cranberry sjpe- ciUst at Massachusetts Cranberry Experiment Station assisted in ar- ranging the tour with a comiraittee of the convention. The Station fur- nished guides, these being Dr. C. E. Cross, Station director, Irving De- moranville of the Staff, Dr. F. B. Chandler also of the staff and Beat- tie. Teff Abandoned Bog Given To Cape Plan of Society to Restore This Abandoned Piece of Property as Bit of Cape Na- tural History — John Hay, President of Group Tells of Plans. A piece of unused Cape Cod cran- berry bog 'has been donated to the Cape Cod Junior Museum df Natural History, Inc., of Brewster, Mass- achusetts. The donor is Milton 'M. Gray, Jr., real estate dealer of Or- leans, an adjoining town. iMr. Gray has given the piece in memory of his late father, cranberry grower. The piece looosists of a little less than 'an acre of bog, now in laton- doned condition and looking little like ta toranberry bog of commerce as trees and undertbrush have grown up on tJhe bog, and ditches have filled in. However, wtater still runs down the ditch and the vines are there. It is the plan of the Mviseiim to re- store a little less than half of this bog, to sfoaJip the surface, rebuild ditches, flumes, replant land put it into bearing condition. It will never ibe la icommercial bog, but it will be restored 'as a imodel bog. The ibog is very handy to the major iproject of the Junior Museum as it adjoinls a strip o*f about 48 acres fwihich the society owns along Stoney Brook road in historic Stoney Brook valley of West Brewster. This land runs from the site of 'an old grist (mill, la noted landlmark of the Cape on route 6-iA. noiw known as the Cran- berry Highwiay. The property is used as a nature sanctuary. It has isorae piatlhs through it now and will have more and is avadlable for iguided nature study land enjoyment of nlatural growth of trees, shrubs and plants of the wood- liands. It is an ideal place for peo- iple studying (bird life; it contain:- awaDnpy sections with an extensive marsh area, filled iwith marine life 'and plants indiginous to low-lying sections of Cape iCod. The Brewster town hall bas been lavailable for nature classes since Janujariy of 1956. There are weekly IdLaslses runniing a seminar olf six weeks, apring, summer and after school begins in the fall. Qualified volimteers give their services as in- structors. These include Ransom SomeiTs, (a retired geologist, Inez Williams wlho instructs on insect life Natural History Museum John Hay in his Library. (CRANBERRIES Photo) Eleven •and John Hay who instructs in bird hfe. The Junior Museum was incorpor- ated in 1954 as a non-profit charitable organization. There are about 350 members, most of these 'being year- round though some are summer vis- itors. Hundreds of Cape children repre- senting miany areas has attended the classes. Most of them are enrolled as junior members and have contrib- uted by their enthusiasm and by their discoveries, whether in the course of delving into the life of pondis or fields to the growtih of the museum. It is tlhe intention of the leaders to plan a future program for junior leaders who will be trained in the fundamentals of nature study. Since the Cape Cod Junior Muse- um of Natural History is devoted to the values of conservation and to the study of nature, its trustees de- cided it would have its own ground on which to grow. This it now has in the 20 acres of swampy land and the 18 acres of highland. After two years of effort a fund raisinig cam- paign succeeded in acquiring $6250, enough to buy the .property. The next step of the organizlation is to raise enough funds for a ibuild- ing, wihich will probably be located on tlhe Cranberry Highway. John Hay President President of organization is John Hay, who lives off Stoney Brook Ed., in a secluded area. Mr. Bay is lihe author of the much-discussed book pubUshed 2 years ago and en- titled, "The Run." This dealt author- itatively with the migratory herring, or more properly nanued, the ale- wife. To most Cape Codders the be- ginning of the "herring run," usual- ly in March marks the ending of \vinter and the commencing of sipring. Mr. Hay's book had entensive circu- lation. Mr. Hay is not a native of the Cape l:ut was bom in Ipswich, however, f-pending most of his life in New York City. He is the son of an ar- -.beologist, Clarence L. Hay, who was long associated with the Amer- ican Museum of Natural History of New York. Young Mr. Hay comes naturally in his love of nature. He has been a resident of the Cape since 1946 when he got disdharged from service in World War II. He served for a time in the infantry and tihen was made an editor of Twelv*; "Yank", the U. S. Army publica- tion. He was stationed in Panamia and was editor of the Pan-American edition of "Yank." Other Books Currently he is working on two other books dealing with nature. One is a natural Ihistory of Cape Cod, which will deal a good deal with the different seasons of tlhe Cape. The other will concern chil- dren and nature and in this he is iworking in conjunction iwith Arline iStrong, nature and child pihotograph- er. Into his project of Cape nature study the donated ibog will fit per- fectly. Cranberries have always been a natural growth of the Cape and it was on the Cape in the town of Dennis they were first commercial- ly cultivated in about 1816, very neening the following day. They saw g'rowers delivering the fresihly harv- ested fruit to the Hanson receivii^ station and follow the progress of the berries from winnowing machine to fresh packages, ready to be ship- ped to near and distant points in the United States, Canada and some to cross the seas to London and Brus- sels. Their coffee break included freshly pressed cranberry juice, and they toured the processing plant where the brilliant juice is pressed. Some 12,000,000 pounds of cranber- ries are expected to be delivered to the cooperative home plant during the current harvest season from near- by cranberry bogs. About half that amount has already been received. The tour then proceeded to a cranberry bog where both hand scoops, a tradition in the industry over a century, and mechanical pic- kers now in general use were brinlging in the harvest. Lunch was served by the water- front in Plymouth when lobster salad and cranberry dishes shared honors on the menu, proving that the two native products are natural flavor mates. George C. P. Olsson, President Of Ocean Spray, officially welcomed the visitors, followed by brief talks from Mrs. Janet Taylor, Home Ec- onomist, the Cranberry Kitchen; J. Richard Beattie, Extension Cranber- ry Specialist, Cranberry Experiment Station; David B. Freeman, Director of Plimouth Plantation; and Phyllis Bright man. Home Demonstration Agent, Plymouth County and dhair- man of the HDA hostesses. Miss Bet- ty Buchan acted mistress of cere- monies for the sponsors. Special guests were Mrs. Gilbert Beaton, representing the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers Association; Paul R. Morse, Southeastern Cranben-y Club; Robert Alberg^hini, Soutlisihore Cranberry Club; Orrin Colley and Marcus M. Urann, the Cranberry In- stitute; Mrs. Joyce Short, United States Department of Agriculture; Miss Maidie Alexander, New York advertising agency; Robert B, Bwing, County Agent Manager, Ply- mouth County Agent in Agriculture. Home Demonstration Agents from iMassachusetts acting as hostesses included Miss Brightman, chairman; Mrs. Marie Gloss, Hampden County; Miss Florence Gates, Hampshire County; Mrs. Helen Joihnson, Berk- shire County; (Miss Marilyn Davis, Essex County; Miss Marguerite Krackhardt, Dukes County; Miss Katherine Lawlor, Essex Coionty; Mrs. Marjorie Mosely, Franklin County; Mrs. Mary Thomas, Barn- stable County and Miss Beatrice White, Plymlouth County. Assisting In arrangements were: Miss Carol Walter, Plymouth; Miss Betty Sheeihan, Pembroke; Miss Jane Ardhibald, Hanson; ^Mrs. Gwen (Sayce, Hanson; Mrs. Ruth Ward Pembroke; Mrs. Margaret Korpinen Hanson; Miss Gertrude Brown, Han son; Mrs. Connie Chenoweth, Han son; Mrs. Jan Ferguson, Pembroke Mrs. Mildred Berridge, Pembroke: Mrs. Akna Bani'boni, Kingfeton; Mrs Marjorie Darsch, Hanson; Mrs. Su san Cobb, Hanson; Kenneth Garside Duxbury; John Harriott, Hanson WiUiam Stilwell, Foxboro; Gordon Mann, Hanson; John Ballard, Marsh- field; William Hutchmson; and Nor- man Sayce, Halifax. Foilloiwing the luncheon the group enjoyed a historic iour as guests of Plimouth Plantation, visiting May- flower II, Plymouth Rock and the Plantation. October Estimates Upped To 1^24 ftOO October estimates for the nationial cranlberry crop are upped from the Septemjber and preliminary August estimate to 1,244,000 barrels from the previous 1,198,000. Massachusetts, now that harvesting is well underway is still accorded 510,000 but New Jer- sey is given 5,000 more or 105,000 barrels wihile Wisconsin goes uip from 425,000 to 435,000. Waslhington is 'also uipped 11,000 barrels from 115,000 to 126,000 mak- ing the biggest increase and the largest expected crop for that state. Oreigtm remains the same at 48,000. The crop last year was 1,340,700 barrels and the ten year average is 1,039,910 barrels. Indians Win Raking Contest In Wisconsin World's Championship Cran- berry Raking Contest at Manitowish Waters — To be Annual Affair. A large crowd turned out to view the first World's Championslhip Cran- berry Rakers Contest at Weber's Cranberry Acres in Manitowish Wiat- ers. The contest was held Saturday, October 7 and was conducted by Charles Rayala. Contentants vied for cash awards by raking three boxes of cranberries, by hand. The first mian to accomp- lish this was Hamalton Smith. Sec- ond place went to Kenneth Wayman and Hank Wayman came in third. All three are Indians from Lac de Flambeau and are employed by Vilas County cranberry growers. The contest was promoted by the Manitowisih Waters Chamber of Com- merce to create interest in the cran- berry industry. It is planned to con- tinue it as an annual event open to rakers from the entire United States. The contest was sponsored by Cranberry Products, Inc., of Eagle River. As an added feature to the Cran- berry raking contest there will also be a contest for the largest cranber- ry grown commercially. Growers have until Novemlber 1, 1961 to sub- mit their cranberry sample. The berries are to be sent to Paul Czar- niecki. Assistant County Agent, Ea.- gle River, Wisconsin. The contest is open to any cran- berry grower in the United Sibates. The prize crtanberry will be deter- mined by its size and weight. The judges decision will be final. For miore details on the contest write to the Vilas County Extension Oiffice in Eagle River, Wis. See pictures on following page. Some Comments On The Big Washington Crop Of 1961 "The Cranberry Vine," publication of the Washington State Extension service has this to say; "The 1961 season has been very good for growth and development of cranberries (in Washington)." It goes on to say, this is good in view of the short (Washington) crop of 1960. There are several things, however, that need to be kept in mind concerning next year's crop. Whenever a heavy crop occurs fol- lowing a low crop year, cranberries like many other fruit crops, tend to over-produce. This is due to the ener- giy stored up when a lar^ge part oif the fruit buds are destroyed as in 1960. When only a light crop occurs, tJhe main energy of the plant goes into vegetative growth and formiation of fruit buds for the following year. The opposite effect also occurs. In years of heavy production most of the plants' energy is used in the pro- duction of friiit and less to fruit bud formation Ifcr next years crop. The 1961 season is a year of heavy production and additional fertilizer, especially nitrogen, is needed if a ■good set of buds are developed for next years crop. The best time for fertilizer application to aid in fruit bud formation is late Jiily or mid- August wihen the buds are forming. Application of fertilizer at that time will help reduce the tendency to pro- duce a good crop only every other year. But not more than one-third to one- half of the total yearly supplliy should be appUed this late, however. The vigor cif each individual bog should be closely observed. Areas which show a good growth or fruit bud miay not need additional fertilizer. Areas of heavy growth should not be given additional nitrogen. However, are'as where fruit-bud-set is lighter may de- veloip additional buds by moderate application of a balanced fertilizer. A blanket recommendation for all bogs cannot be made . CRANBERRIES PROVIDES A NEEDED MEDIUM OF INFORMATION FOR ALL GROWERS Shown here are the men competing for the Cranberry Rakers Championship at Manitowish Waters, Wisconsin. Photo by Paul Czaiaieck. assistant county agent, Vilas County, Wisconsin. Winners in Manitowish Waters. Wisconsip berry Acres. Left to right. Hamilton Smith, lu . .v. Paul Czamiecki. assistant County .\gent. Vilas County. . impionship Cranberry Raking contest at Weber's Cran- th Wayraand, second: Hank Waj-man. third. (Photo by \\ isconsin ) (^dJt]^y_al5 ISSUE OF OCTOBER 6 VOL. 26 - NO. 6 iu^^^^'"''^ KEEPING QUALITY PROJECT There is an interesting and important project now underway at the Massachu- setts Cranberry Station to determine, if possible, the scientific reasons why berries are of good quality and why others are not. If this can be done — and it doubtless will be — it will be a big step forward. It will be possible to determine by means of science what berries are of good keeping quality and those which are not. This will remove the question of gue.SvSwork as to what are top quality berries and what are not. Before this has been admittedly uncertain methods of guessing. It would make possible the payments of a premium price to the grower for ber- ries of the best quality. This would obvious- ly prove an incentive to produce as many of such berries as a grower can. Now, there is no such incentive to hold out to the grower. Appreciation should go to the Station for concieving the project and also to Ocean Spray which is making available a grant of $10,000 in all to further the work. We continue to move ahead through science. GOVERNMENT AID Government assistance, as promised, has come to the cranberry industry in the purchase by the USDA of 100,000 barrels of fresh cranberries of the crop of this year. This is in the form of 400,000 cases of 25 pounds each, bulked packed. The price is lower than the market, as it is for $3.30 a case, but there is no cellophane packaging in one pound packages and there are no brokerage fees involved. It will be a big help in easing the fresh mar- ket of this crop which is now estimated at the fourth largest on record. All the order, let out to bids has gone to Ocean Spray and some may raise an eyebrow at this. However, that vast co- operative has far the biggest and hardest marketing problem in its hands. So vital now is the operation of Ocean Spray to the entire industry that this aid to it will be felt by the whole industry. It will ease the fresh fruit market to the extent of 100,000 barrels and thus make easier the disposal of the bulk of the fresh fruit crop by Ocean Spray and the independents. CLARENCE J. HALL Editor and Publisher EDITH S. HALL— Associate Editor Wareham, Massachusetts SUBSCRIPTIONS, $3.50 Per Year, FOREIGN, $4.50 CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin LEO A. SORENSON Cran^berry Consultant Wisconsin Rapids Wisconsin Washington Dr. CHARLES C. DOUGHTY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. Oregon GRANT SCOTT Coquille, Ore. Massachusetts Dr. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. Cranberry Experiment StatioH East Wareham, Mass. New Jersey P. E. MARUCCI New .Jer?ey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey Massachusetts growlers have been dealt a couple of hard blows this crop year by Old Lady Weather. First there .vere the devastating frost of late May and this fall the warm, "summer" days of Sep- tember which delayed the crop, and in October the rains and the wet mornings, causing further delay. Growlers will be def- initely relieved when this year's crop is safe in the screenhouses. SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS READ CRANBERRIES WISCONSIN HEADQUARTERS FOR INSECTICIDES - FUNGICIDES HERBICIDES DUSTS - WETTABLE POWDERS - EMULSIONS Parathion — Malathion Ferbam — Dowpon Liquid and Granular Weed and Brush Killers Hopkins Agricultural Chemical Co. P.O. BOX 584 MADISON, WIS. Phone Alpine 7-1019 IN THE FROZEN FOOD CASI MR. GROWER Our Job is working for you. Merchandising and Marketing Wisconsin Grown Cranberries Fresh or Frozen \mmm\uuL FIOZEM FIESH WHOLE CRANBfRR/E$ INDIAN TRAIL INC. ^lIHiliil Wisconsin Rapids WISCONSIN P.O. Box 710 lililHIIIIBliiHimillHIIIII FRESH FROM THE FIELDS (Continued from Page 6) that Wisconsin should come up at least to its estimate of 425,000 bar- rels. As mentioned earlier, size was good as compared to last years small berries. All varieties seemed to have good crops, but color was notably lacking. First shipments went went out fresh on the 22nd of Ben Lears from the Hayward area. Young plantings on sand beds were being I packed the last week of the month, ; with an apparent good movement ' during the period. It also appeared \ the quality of the crop looked good ; on the initial shipments. INSTITUTE TRYING FOR DEHYDRATED ORDER Cranberry Institute is hopefully working on a proposal to get the Government to purchase a quantity of cranberries for dehydration. This would be for the European market. It is hoped that funds might be provided to dehydrate as many as 200,000 barrels, but so far there is a reluctance to make the provision, in view of the fact the USDA has purchased 100,000 barrels of fresh fruit. There also continues interest, Presi- dent Orrin G. CoUey says in fresh fruit for consumption in EuroF>ean markets. No Change In Sept, Estimate USDA crop estimating figures for September do not vary from the August preliminaty which gave the nation a total of 1.198,000 barrels. Massachusetts is still accorded 510,- 000 barrels; New Jersey, 100,000; Wisconsin, 425,000; Washington, 115,- 000 and Oregon, 48,000. Notable in this estimate is the size of the Washington crop, which will apparently be a record and the rela- tively sUght difference between the size of the predicted crop in Massa- chusetts and Wisconsin. Advertise In Cranberries SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS FOR SALE SEARLES JUMBO HOWES, McFARLIN Vines for delivery in 1961 $125.00 Ton F.O.B. INTERESTED IN PURCHASING WISCONSIN CRANBERRY PROPERTIES Vernon Goldsworthy B.S. & M.S. University of Wisconsin Cranberry Consultant Fees Reasonable EAGLE RIVER WISCONSIN DANA MACHINE & SUPPLY Co. WU. Rapids Wis. MFGS. of. SPRAY BOOMS GRASS CLIPPERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS Getsinger Retracto tooth pickers Dryers DISTR. of: VEE BELTS & PULLEYS ROLLER CHAINS SPROCKETS & BEARINGS CONVEYOR BELTING STEEL Your Foreman Deserves A Subscription to Cranberries; too OUR PRODUCTS Strained Cranberry Sauce Whole Cranberry Sauce Cransweets Diced Cransweets Cranberry Apple Sauce Spiced Cranberries Cranberry Chilli Sauce Cranberry Bar-B-Q Sauce Cranberry Orange Relish Cranberry Vinegar Cranberry-Strawberry Preserves Cranberry Juice Cranberry-Cherry Preserves Cran-Beri Cranberry-Pineapple Preserves Cran-Vari Cranberry-Raspberry Preserves Cran-Puri Cranberry-Rhubarb Preserves Cranberry Puree Cranberry-Gooseberry Preserves Cran-Bake Sliced and Whole Maraschino Cranberries Consumer Size & Bulk Fresh Cranberries Cranberry Products, Inc. EAGLE RIVER, WISCONSIN .r,xxj^^^j.% '"7fi^mm. CORRUGATED CULVERT PIPE and FLOW GATES Felker Bros. Mfg. Co. I MARSHFIELD WISCONSIN I Phone 230 - 231 WISCONSIN CRANBERRY GROWERS ere using more Signature Fertilizer year after year • Pelletized • Homogeneous • Dustless • Free-Flowing • 50 lb. Bags E. RAUH & SONS FERTILIZER CO. Indianapolis & Plymouth, Ind. YOU Are reading this ad. Others will read yours in CRANBERRIES Magazine / > I t!>"^ < «^^*.„rf^^ ■'^'•■.oce**' .**»■' "^ «**" 0- '^".r^V^, «SK^-. 0^ \ 4^1 CO'^V!.,.^^'''' ^ 0^ "i- ec# ©0" \ OCEAN SPRAY CRANBERRIES. INC. YING A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY APE COD ftEW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON CANADA EARL KERSCHNER is foreman for the DeMarco properties in New Jers (CRANBERRIES I 35 Cents NOVEMBER 1961 ^t^ ■^t c» . .n, ';| DIRECTORY For CRANBERRY GROWERS Wcrcester Paper Box Corporation MEDFORD, MASS. Tel. MYstic 8-5305 Manufacturers of Folding Cartons and Displays WATER WHITE KEROSENE For use ars and was extremely active in :ial and national cranberry affairs. s interest and support of youth x)graims, particularly the boy scout a^lraim, iwas well known through- «t the entire area, as evidenced by .e fact tfimt he was the recipient of Solver Beaver Award. For sev- years following his retirement served as our telephone frost 'aminig distributor for the Middle- jro area*— a responsibility he faith- dly performed' until failing eye- ;3lh.t made it necessary for him to iscontiniue this service. We at the lation join his m-any friends in ex- inding our sym|pathy to his family. New Staff Member Dr. Satendra Khera of India joined' ur staff in early November. He will 'e assisting Dr. Bert Zuckermian and ;'rof. William TomiUnson in a spjccial 'udy designed to measure the keejp- ng quality of cranberries. This will >e a tiwo-year project supported by unds m^ade available through the Jniversity of Massachusetts and ^^cean Sipray Cranberries, Inc. I>r. p was over running the estdmate. C. & L. EQUIPMENT CO 191 LEONARD STREET ACUS14?4'.T, MASS Cranberry Bog Service PRUNING FERTILIZING RAKING v/^ED TRIMMING Machinery Sales PRUNERS POWER / EEL3ARROWS RAKES WEED TRIMMERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS - Large & Small For Further Information Call . . . F. P. CRANDON H. C. LEONARD RockweH 3-5526 Wyman 5-3521 C. J. TRffP Wyman 5-2013 READ CRANBERRIES FOR SALE Complete Bailey Cranberry Separator With Electric Motor All in Good Condition. MRS. HORACE G. GRIFFITH Tel. Middleboro 689-W2 CRANBERRY PICKING BOXES Shocks, or Nailed L«t mt repair your br«k«B boxes — or repair them yearwlf. Stock Always oa Hand F. H. COLE Tal. Union 6-8880 North Canrer. Mass. Anthony R. DeMarco Is Jersey Grower Who Keeps Constantly Expanding Property This New Jersey leader has the able assistance of energetic and capa- ble foreman, Earl Kerschner. by Clarence J. Hall A constantly growing power in the New Jersey picture of cranberry pro- duction is Anthony R. DeMarco o? Hammonton. He is one of the few growers who is putting in new acreage, has more coming into maturity all the time and so may be expected to produce more each year. He is one of those who will keep total Jersey production at its apparent level of about 85,000- 90,000 barrels or more. His efforts in gaining production through good man- agement and through larger acreage will to a degree, at least offset the loss of other growers, who drop out and of their decreasing production and that of marginal properties which are being abandoned. Mr. DeMarco is producing between 11,000 and a top of 13 000 barrels a year which places him near the top in that state exceeded only by the 30,000 barrel production of Haines & Haines (William S. Haines) which by far tops all other Jersey cranberry properties and about on a level with, or sometimes ahead of the J. J. White Company at Whitesbog. An article upon Mr. DeMarco ap- went to the Philadelphia College of peared in the May, 1952 issue of CRANBERRIES which reported him as one of the busiest in the New Jersey cranberry field and the situ- ation has not changed. He is still an extremely busy man. He conducts a vast trucking business from his office at 44 North Packard street, Hammonton. He hauls a large pro- portion of the cooperative crop of Tru-Blu-Berries. Grows for Both Fresh and Processed He has a triple interest in cran- berries and fruits as he markets as a buyer and shipper of fruits and vegetables of the state. Until recently he sold his own fresh fruit cranberries under the name of "Lake Shamong" brand. Now, however, he is a 100 percent member of Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. He grows for both the fresh fruit and canned products, nearly all his Howes going to the fresh fruit m'arket. He has been a cranberry grower since about 1941, and he came to his interest in cranberries very logically. His father, Rocco, for many years was foreman of a cran- berry property lat Chatsworth. He did custom work and then Tony took over upon his death. These were the former bogs of the late Jonothan Godfrey and are the bogs which Mr. DeMarco now owns and is expanding. Started Out as Pharmacist Mr. DeMarco did not start out life as a grower of cranberries or even in agriculture. Bom in Hammonton he attended schools there and then Ph-rmacy, graduating in 1926. He was a druggist for about five years but did not like the confinement of store work. He had been raised on a farm and he liked an out of doors life and went back to it. He likes to make things grow and deal in agricultural products. So he went in- to the buying and shipping of fruits and vegetables, shipping through the DeMarco Trucking Company, Inc. Earl Kerschner This article is based largely upon an interview with his energetic, hard working and capable foreman Earl Kerschner who showed the v/riter around the vast and growing DeMarco properties which almost surround the tiny village of Chats- worth. He lives on the property with his wife, the former Miss Margaret (Peg) Karns. Mrs. Kerschner has a green thumb as in fact has Earl and their home is attractive with many flowers. She keeps the pro- perty books and is almost as fami- liar with working of the property as is Earl. She is a registered nurse and is school nurse for Woodland Township, Burlington county. They are both Pennsylvania Dutch and Earl was born in the town of Hamburg in Berks County Pennsyl- vania. The couple has three children, Cathy, 10, Dale, 9, and Judy, 7. He came in with Mr. DeMarco in 1951. Earl got into cranberries in the following manner. He had a brother, Nevin, who drove a mushroom^ga- thering truck and knew Mr. DeMarco. For a time Mr. DeMarco hired the truck and its driver, Nevin. 500 Acres In Vines The DeMarco property consists of 5800 acres with 500 in cranberry vines. The growing practice is to hold out of production each year about one third to rest it and to im- prove the quality of the fruit, keep- ing the berries free of rot. That means that about 230 acres are being cropped each year. This is a rather common Jersey practice, to hold back one third keeping the vines under water until early May to de- stroy crop prospects for the current year. This aids in weed control. His main bogs are in four groups. One group is flowed from Shoal Branch, a very good stream and there is a reservoir of 35-40 acres. One water supply is gathered from Chatsworth lake with a reservoir of 55 acres. Another is from Governor's Hill, so called and this has 100 acres of reservoir. A fourth is from Good Water Run tract with a reservoir of 125 acres. "We have lots of good water for both frost control and irrigation," says Earl. "A lot of good water." Water supply is somewhat limited, however, in the sense of expanding. In building new bog a dam is ibuilt around the new sections, this is flood- ed and the water held for two years, then the high sides are cut oiff, then the soil is harrowed and plowed. Vines are set out. Some sanding has been done, but not too much as capital has been put into expansion. With expansion com- pleted a sanding program will be put into affect. Also an intensive pro- gram of reclaiming some of the older bogs will be put into a renovation program. DeMarco has the neces- sary equipment for a sanding pro- gram of extensiveness. ■Thirty acres of new bog was built in 1959, one of the largest new bogs in New Jersey. This was built on a Ibottom of sand. There is one SVa acre piece in the so-called Speedwell section which normially produces 800 barrels. When this particular section has been rest- ed for a year, that is out of produc- tion it has produced 1300 barrels. Early Blacks Predominate The bogs are set to a number of varieties but Early Blacks predomi- nate. There are 18 acres in the older Seven variety of Centennials, 30 of Late Howes; there are about a dozen acres of Croppers, a big beautiful berry of good color a good deal like an Early Black. There are no native Jersey vines left in the DeMarco bogs. When the bogs were bought back in 1941 by JVIr. DetMarco there were only about 130 acres and now the property has grown to the present 500, with as much expansion as the water supply will permit, and as fast as market conditions justify. All bogs are flowed by gravity, no putmps at all being necessary. The frost season is one of about six ■weeks with water going off by May 10th. Earl does the frost flowing alone except on bad nights when Mr. De- Marco comes up to help out. There are 75 to 100 wooden "trunks" to care for. In Massachusetts they would be called flumes. In New Jer- sey they also "pull a 'board," or put in a board," rather than "p^ull Qr put in a plank" in Massachusetts par- lance. The "trunks" are also known as gates which is a rather general term throughout the cranberry in- dustry. Ml bogs are sprayed for rot using ground sprayers, a Bean machine with a 54 foot Wisconsin type boom. A very large quantity of Ferbam IS put on each year in four appli- cations to control the rot situation. Insecticides, Parathion and DDT are applied by straight-wing airplane service supplied by the Down^Town Aenal Crop Service. Earl In Charge Eighteen men are kept busy during the growing season with Earl in charge of the gang. Sixty-five men do the harvest work, all being Puerto Ricans. Like most Jersey growers DeMarco provides his own housing. There is a battery of 7 Darlington pickers. There is an extensive fertilization program. There are sorting- and warehouses thes.e large one story buildings being made of stucco ever cinder block. There are about a dozen Hayden Cranberry Separators. There are about 18 women sorters, mostly wo- men Who live in town. "We try to have the harvest all completed by Thanks ?ivip.^" -^av^ Earl. ^ " " ■ Earl Took Course In Agriculture To explain his efficiency in hoq work after the Second World WaJ when he served two years in «he med- ical corps of the U. S. Army bsing Eight in North Africa, stationed at Casa- blanca and also in Germany he went to Pennsylvania State College for one year. He took extension courses in general agriculture. DeMarco has his own earthmoving equipment, two bulldozers, two shov- els, one carryall, 3 wiheel tractors, crawlers, 13 farm trucks for use about the begs land dump trucks for building. Plans call for a renovation pro- gram of the older buildings for more efficient and economical sorting and ipackinig. Mr. DeiMarco is, at least yet, very heavily engaged in blueberry ctil- tivation. He has about 65 acres set to blueberries with 25 more coming in. Mr. DeMarco is a past president of the American Cranberry Growers' ADVERTISE IN CRANBERRIES ■^^ I ^^* ^ Earl Kerschner and his wife, "Peg," who keeps the proper^Tb^ Showing one of the well-kept DeMarco Bogs. (CRANBERRIES Photo) A view of a big Reservoir at the DeMarco Bogs. (CRANBERRIES Photo) Nine mF^>v^ ^-- A section of the DeMarco Warehouse at Chatsworth Association. He has been much inter- ested in the political field, as well as in cranberries. He maintains an ac- tive interest in all things pertaining to cranlberry cultivation and cran- berry marketing. He is one of the more powerful factors in the New Jersey industry with his expansion (CRANBERRIES Photo) where many Jersey growers are con- tent to abandon acreage or at most to continue with their current, pro- ductive acerage. Salute To The Wise. Cranberry Industry (Editor's Note: The following is an address by Dr. George L. Peltier, Wisconsin cranberry consultant at the recent Wisconsin Rapids Elk's "Open House" in honor of the Wis- consin cranberry Industry. We are met tonight to pay homage to a small group of sturdy, tough- minded men, with an everlasting stick-toitiveness, who in spite df numerous trials and tribulations, due to continual hazards of frosts and fires, floods and drougihts, plus the ups and downs in prices, managed to build an outstanding industry dis- pite the vicissitudes of a harsh and raw environment. The spark which ignited the indus- try in the former bed of glacial Lake Wisconsin stemmed from the rapid expansion and boom in tihe Berlin area from 1850 to 1870. In the early seventies a few young men, without sufficient capital to acquire suitable lands at inflated prices in the vicin- ity of Berlin, started out to find de- sirable areas 6f inexpensive govem- ment lands. During this decade Whit- tlesey and 'Smith took up land, with wild cranberries, in the Cranmoor area to be followed shortly by the Arpins, Bennetts, Gaynors, Fitches, Potters, Rezins, Skeels, Searles and others until by 1900 approximately 1000 lacres were under cultivation, in sipite of the disasterous fires and droughts of the eighties and nineties which broke the spirit of the weak hearted and left a core of rugged in- dividuals to carry on. Soon bogs were established in Jun- eau, Jackson and Monroe Counties. At the turn of the century new bogs were carved out of the wilds of the northwest and in the mid-forties with cranberries selling at $35.00 a barrel, the boom was on, and expansion in- to the northeast was begun. Today the total acreage in Wis- consin is in excess of 4,200 producing acres, with a crop value of 4 million doUars, which exceeds the value of either apples, cherries and small fruit igrown in the state. In spite off the blow received by the growers as a result of Flemming's announce- ment in 1959, the growers of today, many representing the third and even the fourth generation, are as enthus- iastic as were their forebears in the seventies. Through the years the Wisconsin State Cranberry Growers Assoc, or- iganized in 1887 has played a dominat- ing and stabilizing role in keeping the growers informed of new proce- dures and procuring help in solving their many problems from govem- imental agencies. Unfortunately the Cranberry Station maintained from 1903 to 1917 by the University was closed for lack of funds. The situa- tion during its brief existence also played an expanding role in the in- dustry. Basically Che process of growing cranberries is essentially the same today as it was prior to 1900, since [bog's established beifore this date are still produetive. True in the build- ing of new bogs the madhine has re- plaiced the teaim and laborious hand labor; water management in all of its laspects has been greatly im- proved, but remains a vital prdbleim during dry years; better and more effective control of insebt and fun- gus pests are now on hand; a new ap- proach to the proper use of fertUiz- ers has been developed; and in the (past few years organic herbicides have been introduced for the con- trol of weeds. Probably the most im- portant factor is the recent develop- ment of many labor saving' devices, due in large measure to the rising cost of lalbor. Prior to 1935 annual yields aver- aged 20 barrels per acre. With the control the insidious disease known as false blossom, yields gradually increased with imiproved miamage- tment until in 1959 State yields were over 100 barrels per acre tihe high- est in the nation. Today Wisconsin on 4200 acres produces more than Vs olf the total U. S. crop; whereas Massachusetts with approximately 12,000 acres still laiverages less than 40 barrels per acre. Let us briefly review some of the factors re^onsible for this remark- lalble 5-fold in increase during tihe past decade: 1. Most of the planitinigs consist of the hiiglh yielding Searles variety, which for many years (1893) has been the dominant sort and now repre- sents over 65 % of the state acreage. 2. Thru the research of Plxjf. Al- bert it Was concluded that no one ratio or amount of fertilizer could be generally recomimended, fault that the soil of eadh bog must be analyzed before tihe correct amoimts and ra- tios c£ fertilizer could be applied. 3. The advent of DDT and its an- logs in the mid^forties was a mile sttone in the control of insects, but ^unfortunately they quickly budlt uip a resistance to these com|poimds so thait tihey were no longer effective. Fortunately organic phosphorus com- pounds introduced at this timie proved to be more effective in controllinigi in- sects and are now universally em- ployed. When insecticides are sychro- nized with various stages in the life cycle of the prevailing cranberry in- sect, a marked decrease in seasonsal population has been attained to the point that losses as high as 30% or more no longer occur on well man- 4. With the discovery of the nature of false blossom due to a virus spread by leafhoppers and the con- trol of the vector, this disease is no longer a menace to the dndtistry. (Thru the use olf newer organic fun- igioides excellent control of field and storage disease have been reached, although too few growers have adop- ted a full program of fungal con- trol. 5. Weeds have been and still are a bane to growers. No other cran- terry area has more kinds of weeds land a greater population. In 1954 Dr. Dana undertook a comprehen- sive study of organic herbicides. Out of bis tests came Dalopan, 2,4D,2,4- 5T, Maleid iHydrazide, Simiazme, iamino triazole and otlhers still under test, each more or less active aig^ainst one or more grasses, sedges, ferns and broad leaf weeds. The blow iwihich hit the industry in 1959, has set back the weed control progDalm lat least 10 years. Once weed free beds can be realized, yields sihould be materially increased. 6. Pertiaps the mo(^ outstanding progress of the past decade has been development of labor saving devices of many sorts. With earth moving equiplmeot, plus levellers, and cranes, beds, ditches, dykes and roads can be readily built: motorized planters are capable off planting upwards of 2 to 3 acres in a day; fertilizers can be apiplied iby spreaders or air pdanes, as wel las inseoticides, fun- gicides and herbicides. Medhanical pruners have relplaced the hand prun- er; harvesters are capable of pick- ing as much as 20 hand rakes; light weight boats attached to the harvest- er has done alway witih the field box. With more rapid land efficient meth- ods of harvesting, berries can be left on tihe vines until well colored. Too labor costs have ntateriailly decreas- ed. Thus so far as 'all the field op- er'ations are concerned aU the old (hand tools can be relegated to mu- seums as symbols of a past era of baick breaking toil. Meohanioal driers have proved a iboon both from labor and handling stand point. One necessary improve- iment still needs to be solved i. e. new mletihods of sorting berries. The mills with only slight modifications have now been employed for almost 75 years. Packaging has gone thru a com- plete evolution from 100 lb. barrels to quarter boxes, to one pound cello- ptiane and polyethylene ccntiainers, whidh in turn has necessitated the use of rapid packaging machines and sealers. Thus the machine in all of its var- ied ramiifications has revolutiooed nearly all the steps in the industry from the laying out beds, thru tiha final marketing of cranberries. Retrospect With a 5-fold increase in yields within recent years, due to some of the factors mentioned above we can look forward to the next decade to yields of 200 barrels per acre, al- ready attained by several alert growers. As with agriculture in gen- eral the small inefficient operator is doomed. MilUon barrel yields are here to stiay and Vz 'milUon or more can be anticipated, which must force tihe development df new methods for disposing tihe crop, without the "bug- a^boo" of accumulated sur(pluses. The present generation must have tihe fortitude, courage and good judge- iment of their forefathers in facing up to tihe many problems of the fu- ture. SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES RAYCO EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLY COMPANY 14 Chilton St., Plymouth, Mass. Construction and Maintenance Tools and Supplies SALES - RENTALS - SERVICE 'If We Don't Have h, We'll Get It" Call: Lenny Call: Ray UN 6-4426 (Carver) PI 6-0340 (Plymouth) Eleven Bandon, Oregon Chooses Queen Lovely dark-haired Connie Shaw of Langlois, Oregon was crowned queen of the 15th annual Bandon Cranberry Festival. This was the biggest festival yet held in that South- western cranberry center. Queen Con- nie was crowned by last year's queen, Miss Kay Yocker, and was escorted to the throne by Jim Kosta of Port Orford. Queen Connie was sponsored by the Veterans of Foreign Wars and Auxiliary and the World War One Barracks 311. She is a senior at Pa- cific High school where she is a member of the Natio.ial Honor So- ciety, president of the Future Busi- ness Leaders of America, a member of the annual staff, Thespians and a past member of Job's Deui^hters. She is the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Ray E. Shaw. The "Mystery Cranberry King" turned out to be Phil Albord. Queen Connie was presented the "key to the city," by Mayor C. E. Waldron. She was presented with a bouquet of red roses, and a portrait from her sponsoring organization. She was also given a large cake FOR SALE 2 BLDG. LOTS — PLUS 2 ACRES BOG Jeep Motor Conv. for Pump BERTHA K. CROSS Elm St., E. Pembroke, Mc Tel. TA 6-4156 Consulting Forester Serving Owners and Operators in All Phases of Timber ^ j Production. — Including — Timber Management and Plans Appraisals — Inventories — Sales | Special Surveys and Studies LEONARD A. PIEiCEl Route 44 East Carver \ Tel. UN 6-4426 { FREE CONSULTATION from the Festival Association. The committee of judges who se- lected the queen included Mr. and Mrs. Leonard Kipling of Coquille and A. J. "Pi" Moore of Coos Bay. They were each given a gift of three kinds of cheese and a bottle of Hazel's Cranberry Catsup, given by Mrs. Hazel Colgrove. A large and enthusiastic crowd gathered to witness the parade. It included many floats entered in the school and commercial division as well as in the civic division. An ad- ded feature this year was a special section of horses, both for individual riders and horse clubs. The entire affair, including the parade was one of the biggest and best of the 15 yet held. One of the best floats which won a blue ribbon was from the Southwestern Oregon Cranberry Club. It featured a big red cranberry resting on a cover of green vines, with several cranberry scoops added. CRANBERRIES PROVIDES A NEEDED MEDIUM OF INFORMATION FOR ALL GROWERS ':M- m,n iffiSa^^SSw ' Miss Helen S Butler, home demonstration agent from Bellefonte, Pa., in her enthusiasm, at watching cran- berry harvest demonstration picked a box herself. This was during the recent convention of some 300_or such agents in Massachusetts Cranberryland. (Photo by Stanley A. Bauman) f rrrf^i! ftdJt>s4a.l-s ISSUE OF NOVEMBER 1961 VOL. 26 - NO. 7 CRANBERRY AMBASSADORS There may be great possibilities re- sulting from the visit to Europe of Orrin G. Colley, president of the Cranberry Institute and Bert J. Leasure, vice president of Ocean Spray Cranberries Inc. They are the Ambassadors of the American cranberry industry. We believe they are skillful ones. If anyone can do anything to introduce a sizeable market for American cranberries in Europe, we believe Messrs. Colley and Leasure are suitable men. They are thor- oughly familiar with the cranberry busi- ness and have been very active in Washing- ton in obtaining help from the United States Department of Agriculture. The industry owes a still further debt to the department for helping to make the trip of five weeks possible. Helpful funds were provided which the industry could not have afforded itself. As a matter of fact this department has been most cordial- ly inclined toward giving assistance toward the industry, but this would not have been given if the industry itself had not shown that it was ready, able and willing to seek this Government assistance. Some cranberries are already exported to Europe each year, but these exports could be increased if a market can be de- veloped with the assistance of the USDA. The USDA has done a notable job in pro- moting the sale of American poultry in that continent. We hope it can do the same for cranberries. Cranberries are a healthful item. They might go over big in Europe. Of course there are other markets which may be de- veloped besides Europe, in foreign coun- tries. There is practically the whole world in which American cranberries might be introduced and sold to relieve the surplus in this country. There would seem to be the immediate possibility that domesitic markets might be increased but this seems difficult to accomplish. Cranberry con- sumption in the United States is still rela- tively light and does not seem to be grow- ing in proportion to the increase in popula- tion. The cranberries for school lunches which idea developed may in the long run be a means of doing this. CLARENCE J. HALL Editor and Publisher EDITH S. HALL— Associate Editor Wareham, Massachusetts SUBSCRIPTIONS, $3.50 Per Year, FOREIGN, $4.50 CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin LEO A. SORENSON Cranberry Consultant Wisconsin Rapids Wisconsin Washington Dr. CHARLES C. DOUGHTY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. Oregon GRANT SCOTT Coquille, Ore. Massachusetts Dr. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. New Jersey P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey THANKSGIVING, 1961 This is a happier Thanksgiving than it was last year and certainly than it was in 1959 when Mr. Fleming let loose his blast which all but destroyed the cranberry market. Then it seemed as if it might never be recovered. But conditions improved last year and they are better still this year. The fresh fruit market is ahead of last year and the price has not broken. Pro- cessed sales of cranberries are very en- couraging. So to all, we wish a happy holiday, the holiday which is m'ost significant to the cranberry industry. SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS Cranberry Industry In Wisconsin Is Reviewed A review of the cranberry indus- try was made last month by the Wisconsin State Board of Agricul- ture and officials of the Wisconsin Department of Agriculture and the College of Agriculture. Harvesting New Indian Trail Quality Sauce Strained Cranberry Whole Cranberry Sauce in Syrup Cranberry Juice Cocktail Plus our regular line FROZEN FRESH and sorting of the fruit was viewed at the Winnebago cranberry marsh in Cranmoor in the afternoon. There was a background discussion of cranberry industry problems in the evening with members of the Wis- consin State Cranberry Growers' As- sociation. Lester Palmer, chairman of the board, the policy formation body for the state department of agricul- ture said all branches of agricul- ture have been sympathetic toward the cranberry industry since the debacle of Nov. 9, 1959 when Sec. of Health, Education and Welfare Arthur Flemming made his state- ments of effects of a weed killer which practically killed the market for that year and from which the industry is recovering. Palmer, a rural Mauston farmer, said the state board wanted to know more about cranberries "because our understanding of your problems will help us to any decisions we may have to make concerning your industry." He said state agricultural la'boratories are testing residues on weedkillers and pesticides. Don McDowell, director of the state department of agriculture said "You have been through one of the toughest times any agricultural com- modities has gone through. But you are rapidly rebuilding consumer con- fidence and as you rebuild it you will come back stronger than ever." Total cranberry production values in Wisconsin this year were esti- mated at about $4,250,000 by Dr. George Klingbeil, executive secre- tary of the Wisconsin State Cran- berry Growers Association. He bases this on a $10.00 value for each of the 425,000 barrels (latest estimate 435,- 000 barrels) forecast for Wisconsin in the 1961 crop. By contrast Dr. Klingbeil said the value of Wisconsin apples this year is about the same and of cherries and strawberries somewhat less. Year-round employment in the in- dustry is about 500, he went on, but jumps to 2,000 during the fall har- vest. Klingbeil estimated the value of Wisconsin cranberry marsh land, buildings and equipment at roughly $25 million, with 5,000 acres of vines. A. E. Bark, vice president of the association was chairman of the tour and the discussion period. Dean R. K. Froker led a delegation of five from the College of Agriculture and McDowell was accompanied by five of his associates. Try Cranberries Adv«!rtisin:i HUME PRODUCTS CORPORATION • DEGRASSERS • DRYERS • CONVEYORS SERVICES AVAILABLE TO WISCONSIN GROWERS: Designers and manufacturers of machinery for the cranberry industry WHOLE CKMm^WMES steel stock from our warehouse Engineering services Complete machine shop service im INDIAN TRAIL INC. P. O. Box 710 Wisconsin Rapids, Wis. For information, write: HUME PRODUCTS CORPORATION Eagle River, Wisconsin SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS FOR SALE SEARLES JUMBO HOWES, McFARLIN Vines for delivery in 1961 $125.00 Ton F.O.B. INTERESTED IN PURCHASING WISCONSIN CRANBERRY PROPERTIES «««:t<*4:*4 Vernon Goldsworthy B.S. & M.S. University of Wisconsin Cranberry Consultant Fees Reasonable EAGLE RIVER WISCONSIN OUR PRODUCTS DANA MACHINE & SUPPLY Co. WU. Rapids Wis. MFGS. of. SPRAY BOOMS GRASS CLIPPERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS Getsinger Retracto tooth pickers Dryers DISTR. of: VEE BEILTS & PULLEYS ROLLER CHAINS SPROCKETS & BEARINGS CONVEYOR BELTING STEEL You; Foreman Deserves A Subscription to Cranberries; too Strained Cranberry Sauce Whole Cranberry Sauce Cransweets Diced Cransweets Cranberry Apple Sauce Spiced Cranberries Cranberry Chilli Sauce Cranberry Bar-B-Q Sauce Cranberry Orange Relish Cranberry Vinegar Cranberry-Stra^vberry Preserves Cranberry Juice Cranberry-Cherry Preserves Cran-Beri Cranberry-Pineapple Preserves Cran-Vari ( ranberry-Raspberry Preserves Cran-Puri Cranberry-Rhubarb Preserves Cranberry Puree C ranberry-Gooseberry Preserves Cran-Bake Sliced and Whole Maraschino Cranberries Consumer Size & Bulk Fresh Cranberries Cranberry Products, Inc. EAGLE RIVER, WISCONSIN CORRUGATED CULVERT PIPE and FLOW GATES Fellier Bros. Mfg. Co. MARSHFIELD WISCONSIN Phone 230 - 231 WISCONSIN CRANBERRY GROWERS are using more Signature Fertilizer year after year • Pelletized • Homogeneous • Dustless • Free-Flowing • 50 lb. Bags E. RAUH & SONS FERTILIZER CO. Indianapolis & Plymouth, Ind. YOU Are reading this ad. Others will read yours in CRANBERRIES Magazine .^ \ #*'' '^^if (t>^ .^^i'i'l^ ^''>':^* b Su L fc i^if% J OCEAN SPRAY CRANBERRIES, INC. /INC A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY APE COD vever, is that peo- ple do not generally eat jams and jellies with their ordinary meats and poultry and there would have to be a long educational program to in- duce them to do so. The American cranberry is known to a small extent in Brussels, Bel- gium and in London, to which points some cranberries are exported each year. There is only one cranberry boig in Europe, which is on the island of Terschilling off the Dutch coast. This bog was visited by the Institute ambassadors. They spent eight days in London w'here there was a food fair which had been set up by the USDA and the American Embassy. There recep- tions were held by invitation to the fresh fruit trade, to wholesalers to retailers and to hospitals and to the general public. There was a small theatre in the building and here the film of the "Cranberry Story" was shown. This created much interest by all who saw it, Mr. Colley said, and was of tremendous help in arous- ing interest, as so little, or practic- ally nothing was known of the Ameri- can cranberry. The Institute officials visited Brus- sells and interviewed many people. They then went to Holland where they discussed cranberries at Rotterdam, Amsterdam and Antwerp. At Ham- burg there was another food fair, and much interest was developed. The pair visited a branch factory of the Heinz comioany, wfmch is doing ~ ~ ] much in exporting to Europe. They MaSS. AdVlSOry spent 10 days in the Hamburg area. Committee Lai/S studied carefully. There is also the competition of products from coun- tries all over the world and this will have to be met. "However," Colley concludes, "I feel a tremendous market can be built up in England and Europe, but this will not be done overnight. There will have to be a lot of education done first. "I feel that the American cran- berry industry will be very much remiss if we do not paruse this Eu- ropean field further." Colley and Leasure plan a detailed report which it is expected will be published in this magazine next month. They also visited Frankfort, West Berlin and East Berlin. In a tour behind the iron curtain they found conditions "very sad," in sharp con- trast to most of the rest of Europe and England. From Frankfort they went to Vien- na in Austria, where contrary to ex- pectations they found much interest in American cranberries. Then to Zurich, Switzerland, to Geneva and to Paris and home. The trip, which was made under the joint auspices of the USDA and the Cranberry In- titute took a little under six weeks. As expected the pair found that American chicken are becoming very important in Europe. This could be a distinct asset as chicken and cran- berries have long been favorably paired off in this country. Colley said he found there are very stiff tariff regulations and these will have to be Out Program The annual meeting of the Massa- chusetts Cranberry Advisory Com- mittee was held at the State Bo:j, with emphasis placed upon several things. This is a meeting held each year which instructs Cranberry Spe- cialist J. Richard Beattie as to an educational program for the coming and future years with a look at the work of the past year. Those attending were William At- wood, vice president of Southeastern Massachusetts Cranberry club; Paul Morse, club secretary-treasurer; El- wood Leeman, president of the Cape Cod Cranberry Club; Ralph Thacher, representing the Cape Cod Cranber- ry Growers' Association and Arthur Handy, former president; George C. P. Olsson, vice president of the Cran- berry Institute; William Coates, as- SEASiON'jS CHBBR As in years before, we extend a warm "Thank You" to our many friends and good cus- tomers. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM CYpr.ss 5-0200 - PLYMOUTH Pilgrim 6-1300 sociate state conservationist, repre- senting the Soil Conservation Service. From service organizations was Ro- bert St. Jacques; county agents, Dominic Marini, Plymouth County and Edward Knapp, Barnstable Coun- ty; University of Massachusetts, Sid- ney Vaughan; Dr. Bradford Cross- man and Frederick Cole; Cranberry Station, Director Chester E. Cross, Joseph L. Kelley, retired, and Beat- tie who acted as chairman. Imiproved water management was a main topic of discussion, which included winter protection, frost pro- tection, with some comments on water harvesting in Massachusetts. It was brought out by Dr. Cross that about one-third of the Massachusetts acreage is without frost protection. If You Want A Good Flume At A Low Cost Use AH Heart Redwood 2 Car Loads Due For Your Fall Requirements 6x8 — 6x6 — 4x6 — 4x4 Planking - Square Edged or Matched 2x6 2x8 2x10 2x 12 SEND FOR YOUR FREE FOLDER ON THE "DURABILITY OF REDWOOD" E. W. Goodhue Lumber Co., Inc. MIDDLEBORO ROAD EAST FREETOWN, MASS Phones Rockwell 3-8811 — Middleboro 1275 AND CORN SYRUPS ^ ^m ^« s«« ^m ^$m ^m. ^m <^m mm mtm m I Retain natural flavor I without over-sweetness | :^: CORN PRODUCTS COMPANY ^ ♦•■•♦^ I Manufacturers of fine products for the food industry . . . and m popular Best Foods Division grocery brands for the consumer. The need for improved quality con- trol was stressed. Also on the agenda was a consulta- tion of harvest for specified sale de- mands, such £s fresh fruit, cocktail, whole cranberry sauce and for strain- ed sauce. Government aid, that is chiefly schcol lunches, was discussed by Olsson, who also spoke on the trip to Europe by Orrin G. Colley and Bert J. Leasure of the Cranberry Institute to open up foreign markets for cranberries. The assistance of the Soil Conser- vation Service was assured by Coates, who said the services were avail- able in improved water management. Finally there was a discussion of marketing agreements and orders, which it was stated should not be a "crutch" for the industry if they were adopted but that the cranberry industry must still continue adequate sales promotion in the form of ad- vertising and publicity. Oregon Man, 82, Dry Scooped His Acre And Half G. M. Alexander of Bandon, Ore- gon at 82, dry -scooped his own bog this past fall. There were no labor iproblems for him as he scooped his acre and a half bog all by himself. He harvested 2,000 pounds of Mc- FarUns which went to Ocean Spray to be packaged for the fresh fruit market. "I gbt a little tired once in a while," the octogenarian said, "but I made it and don't feel any the worse for it." Alexander lives alone, doing all his own work and walking a mile every c':-7. "That's the best medicine in the world," ihe declares. CRANBERRY COMEBACK The cranlberry industry is contin- uing its comeback. The crop is ex- cellent and active promotion is un- derway. Consumer buying seems al- most fully recovered from the "s;are". (Fruit-0-Scope, Am'Brican Fruit Growers.) SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES Mass. Cranberry Station and Field Notes by J. RICHARD BEATTIE Extension Cranberry Specialist James Weich We at the Cranberry lExperiment Station 'have lost a vialn:d colleagiuie and friend in line ipfassini^' of Jaimes Weidh December 3rd. Jim had served £s Dr. Zuckerman's assistant in tihe field of nemaitology research for a little more than a year. His devotion to his work, d:pendlaibility and con- scientiousness were chariaoteristics tihiat typified his labors. While not enjoying tIhe best of health (for some time, he never complained but faitii- fivlly perfonmed his daily tasks. We had thj greatest respect and admira- tion for Ihds patience, courage and fortitude. Our staiff joins (his many friends in extending our deepest symlpathy to Mrs. Welch and her family. Dr. Bergman Hospitalized Dr. Herbert F. Bergman has b£i;n hospitalized for several weeks but is making very satisfalctory prcijress in retgaining his health. iHis physician has suggested tbait Dr. Bergman en- ter a THst ihome for a tfew weeks fol- lowing hiis discharge frcim the hos- pital. We knqw tlhat a note or visit from his friends woiild 'be most ap- ipreciated during his convalescence. His address for the next few wee'ks will b:- the Sunny Court Rest Home, East Warehaim, IMass. Advisory Committee The Massiaicihusetts Cnanberry Ad- visory Comimittee met at the Cran- berry (Experiment Sita)tion Novemiber 29 to assist the Extension Servio? in reap;:raising its ^education pro- lg*rams for the past year and in bhe development of what we (hope will be an effective program for 1962. iWe had an lexcellent representation present (from the cranberry clubs, Cape Cod Ci-anberry Growers Asso- ciation, shippers, Cranberry Institute, sevice organizations, county Associa- tion, shippers, Cranberry Institute, service organizations, county agricul- tural ag:nts, University of Massiadhu- setts, and station staff. It was evident that the morale of the group toad improved considerably when compared to similar planning sessions he;Hj| P.O. Box 710 ■ii;.ni;iBii:H.i::Bii:iB Cranberry Sauce (Continued from Page 12) a sparkling fruit juice. It perks up a luncheon menu of leftovers with bright-shimmering gelatin salads. At dinner it may appear at any course —as an aopetizer, as a vegetable or relish, bubbling in tart shells or be- tween pie crusts, coloring puddings with its brigfht hue, or topping a dish of ice cream in a famous Cape Cod SLUidae. It is served on trains, planes, shjps, in luxurious r:staurants, in chowded diners. SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS FOR SALE SEARLES JUMBO HOWES, McFARLIN Vines for delivery in 1961 $125.00 Ton F.O.B. INTERESTED IN PURCHASING WISCONSIN CRANBERRY PROPERTIES Vernon Goldsworthy B.S. & M.S. University of Wisconsin Cranberry Consultant Fees Reasonable EAGLE RIVER WISCONSIN .,^^>Stei>X A ' >4»X' Vl#> SJSS'fcJvJfc i'Arf < ''■ir, , Greetings for the Holidays A New Year's Wish For a Bumper Crop In 1962 THE DANAS Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin Your Foreman Deserves A Subscription to Cranberries; too OUR PRODUCTS Strained Cranberry Sauce Whole Cranberry Sauce Cransweets Diced Cransweets Cranberry Apple Sauce Spiced Cranberries Cranberry Chilli Sauce Cranberry Bar-B-Q Sauce Cranberry Orange Relish Cranberry Vinegar Cranberry-Strawberry Preserves Cranberry Juice Cranberry -Cherry Preserves Cran-Beri Cranberry-Pineapple Preserves Cran-Vari Cranberry-Raspberry Preserves Cran-Puri Cranberry-Rhubarb Preserves Cranberry Puree Cranberry-Gooseberry Preserves Cran-Bake Sliced and Whole Maraschino Cranberries Consumer Size & Bulk Fresh Cranberries Cranberry Products, Inc. EAGLE RIVER, WISCONSIN ^^m^^mmmmi^^^^^^- CORRUGATED CULVERT PIPE and FLOW GATES FelkerSros. Mfg.Co. MARSHFIELD WISCONSIN Phone 230 - 231 WISCONSIN CRANBERRY GROWERS are using more ^ Signature Fertilizer year after year • Pelletized • Homogeneous • Dustless • Free-Flowing • 50 lb. Bags E. RAUH & SONS FERTILIZER CO. Indianapolis & Plymouth, Ind. YOU Are reading this ad. Others will read yours in CRANBERRIES Magazine ^ ,,-o«^ A of* „*>"■'* , OCEAN SPRAY CRANBERRIES, INC YING A $20,000,000 A YEAR [NDUSTRY APE COD «EW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON CANADA KENNEY D. BEATON, Massachusetts, Handles 240 Acres. '*™* (CRANBERRIES I 35 Cents JANUARY 1962 DIRECTORY For CRANBERRY GROWERS Iwcrcester Paper Box Corporation MEDFORD, MASS. Tel. MYstIc 8-5305 Manufacturers of Folding Cartons and Displays 1 PREFABRICATED FLUMES Straightline Pumps Bog Railroads For Rent CONSULTANT On Water Problems RUSSELL A. TRUFANT North Carver, Mass. Tel. UXion 6-3696 1 The 1 iCHARI.ES W. HARRIS! 1 Company i 1 26 Somerset Ave | 1 North Dighton, Mass. | 1 AMES 1 1 Irrigation Systems | 1 Sprinklers | 1 Weed killers i ■ Insecticide. 1 ! Fungicides i B from g ^Cal. Spray Chemical Company = B Dupont Company 1 WATER WHITE KEROSENE For use on Cranberry Bogs Also STODDARD SOLVENT Prompt Delivery Service Fianconia Coal Co. — Inc. — Wareham, Mass. Tel. CY 5-0039 EQUIPMENT HAYDEN - SEPARATOR - WAREHAM, MASS. Irrigation Systems PUMPS SEPARATORS - BLOWERS SCREENHOUSE EQUIPMENT DARLINGTON PICKING MACHINES Wareham Savings Bank WAREHAM and FALMOUTH Savings Accounts Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent Phone CYpress 5-3800 Kimball 8-3000 The National Ba Conveniently locatec nk of Wareham for Cranberry Men Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK ALFRED PAPPI At Screenhouses, Boss and Pumps Means Satisfactioa WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. CY 5-2000 Funds always avail able for sound loans SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES Complete Ba nking Service Member Federal De posit Insurance Corp. Report Of Cranberries In London, Eng. Following is a report of the Ameri- can Cranberry Promotion at the United States Trade Center in Lon- don prepared by Robert N. Ander- son, agricultural attache of the Uni- ted States Department of Agricul- ture. This followed the visit to Eu- rope of Messrs. CoUey and Leasure of the American Cranberry Institute. During the period October 27 to Novemfcer 10 the first of what is ex- pected to be a series of sm^all ex- hibits and promotion programs was held on the 3rd floor conference and display rooms of the U.S. Trade Cen- ter in London, featuring American cranberries. Cranberries are relatively unknown on the British market. The first shipment of fresh American cran- berries arrived in the United King- dom in the Fall of 1958, at a lime when quota restrictions were still being imposed on imports of all de- ciduous fruits due to the U.K.'s dol- lar shortage. These restrictions were removed early in 1960. The volume of imports of fresh cranberries this year will be several times larger than in 1958, but will probably not exceed a few thousand cases. Also of the four brands of processed cranberry products cur- rently being imported, this ye^ar's total is not likely to be more than a thousand cases. MIDDLEBOROUCH TRUST COMPANY MIDDLEBORO MASS. Member of The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation As Britain is a large importer of fresh and processed fruit it is believ- ed that a substantial market for fresh and processed cranberries could be developed. The Trade Cen- ter cranberry promotion described in this report marks the first significant attempt to develop this potential. The food and agricultural facilities at the Trade Center include the large area of about 5,000 square feet on the ground floor where two exhibits of agricultural products will be held each yesr and a small exhibit-cum- reception area with storage and off- ice space on the 3rd floor, in the srme building, at 57-58 St. James's Street, London. Special .promotion programs an small displays of single prrdu?ts will be organized frrm time to time throughout the year in the third floor area. The Cranberry Exhibit was de- signed and carried out as follows: RecentioT's The Agricultural Attache hos'ed three receptions to introduce to the press and trade Orrin G. Colley, President of the Cranberry Institute cf America, and Bert Leasure, Vice- President, who were in London to participate in the promotion program. Approxknately 50 guests attended each reception. The press reception, which was held on Friday October 27, was at- tended by representatives of the food trade press. Women's Page Editors of national dailies and Sunday pa- pers. Cooker Correspondents of lead- ing women's magazines. Freelance Food Writers and the American press in London. Trade receptions were held on Oc- tober 31st and November I'st'. Guests included, importers, wholesalers, dis- tributors and retailers of fresh fruit, greengrocery buyers of large stores, supermarkets and multiple shops and managers of leading London hotels and restaurants, retailers in the gro- cery trade, provision buyers of Lon- don stores and supermarkets, large catering firms, managers of health food stores, multiple chemists and dieticians of leading London hospitals. On arrival guests were escorted to the attractive MGM studio where they were shown the new color film "Heritage of Flavor" which was re- cently released by the Cranberry Institute of America. The film tells the story in a very effective manner of the development of the cranberry industry, beginning with the first settlement of the Pilgrims. Tbe ma- jor part of the film was devoted to describing the industry's highly efficient techniques of producing, dis- tributing, and processing cranberries. It also demonstrated the many ways in which cranberries can be served. Following the film, the Agricul- lural Attache welcomed the guests End introduced Mr. Colley and Mr. Leasure who commented briefly on fihe industry and indicated their in- terest in expanding sales in the U.K. The guests then repaired to the third floor display and reception area where they were given small glasses of cranberry juice and invited to sample tasty and attractive canapes containing cranberry products. The display area was devoted to several cranberry features. One con- sisted of an attractive arrangement of fresh cranberry and various cran- STARTING 1962 And the time is here to review the past and make plans for the future. RESOLVE, that ELECTRICTY shall play a larger part — in your cranberry work and in your home. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM CYpress 5-0200 PLYMOUTH Pilgrim 6-1300 SHARON BOX COMPANY, INC. ESTABLISHED 1S56 SHARON, MASSACHUSETTS We Will Buy Your White Pine Logs, Either ."ttanding or Cut • Highest Prices Paid • Sawmill located at North Carver, Mass. Stop in at North Carver, or Phone Sharon. Sunset 4-2021 If You Want A Good Flume At A Low Cost Use All Heart Bedwood 2 Car Loads Due For Your Fall Requirements 6x8 — 6x6 — 4x6 — 4x4 Planking - Square Edged or Matched 2x6 — 2x8 — 2x10 — 2x12 SEND FOR YOUR FREE FOLDER ON THE "DURABILITY OF REDWOOD" E. W. Goodhue Lumber Co., Inc. MIDDLEBORO ROAD EAST FREETOWN, MASS Phones Rockwell 3-8811 — Middleboro 1275 r fm^ ii'^'.i -:^i^ M-*-x5x - s;^ Retain natural flavor I without over-sweetness | AND i ® I CORN SYRUPS I :^; CORN PRODUCTS COMPANY ■ Manufacturers of fine products for the food industry . . . and m popular Best Foods Division grocery brands for the consumer. berry products-jellies, sauces and juice on typical super-market shelv- ing. A large table at one end of the room was devoted to an American type thanksgiving dinner, featuring cranberry sauces and other dishes. A second table, which was designed to show the versatility of cranberries, presented a wide variety of cran- berry-containing dishes, such as cran- berry bread, salads, pies etc. Additional space was devoted to displays of photographs and other cranberry promotion material. As each guest left the reception, he was presented with a package containing a bottle of cranberry juice, small cans of whole cranberry sauce I and cranberry jelly, a book of re- ' cipes and other promotional material. Advertising Full-page advertisements were in- serted in the Fruit Trades' Journal and The Grocer, pubhcations which have the largest circulation among wholesale and retail fresh and pro- cessed fruit trade. These advertise- ments extended an open invitation tD buyers to visit the cranberry dis- play from November 1st to the 10th. Appointments Various appointments were made for Mr. CoUey and Mr. Leasure to confer the Trade Center when ap- propriate, with persons having either a present or potential interest in cranberry trade. Press Material A number of releases providing in- formation on the history, cultivation, harvesting and processing of cran- berries, as well as on their nutrition- 2\ and medicinal properties were dis- tributed to the press. These releases were largely based on information supplied by Ocean Spray Cranberries Inc. A sm-all folder of recipes incor- porating cranberry juice also was distributed. Photography Photographs of various displays and personalities attending the re- ceptions were made available to the press and other interested contacts. Effectiveness of the Exhibit Although the exhibit was staged somewhat too late in the year to re- sult in large shipments for this year's Christmas trade, leading importers have advised that the exhibit has resulted in the placement cf a num- (Continued on Page Nine) Mass. Cranberry Station and Field Notes by J. RICHARD BEATTIE Extension Cranberry Specialist Personals Irving Demoranville attended the Northeastern Weed Control Confer- ence held in New York Ciby in early January. It provided an opportunity to learn of the very latest develop- ments in the field of chemical weed control. The conference drew over 600 people and we were pleased that "Dee" could represent our station this year. Prof. "Stan" Norton attended a planning meeting of agricultural en- gineers held at Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pa., in January. Two years ago a Northeast Regional Research Project was de- signed to improve mechanical har- vesting of fruits and vegetables. Re- ports of progress were presented at the above meeting and plans were made for future work. Dr. Bert Zuckerman attended a planning session for the Northeast Cooperative Nematode Project held in New York City in mid-January. Bert has served as ichairm'an of the project for the past two years. Plans were made to hold an Advanced Nematode Seminar at Cornell Uni- versity this summer. Leading nema- tologists from Europe, Canada, and this country will participate as lec- turers. Kenneth Roohefort of New Bedford has recently joined the station staff as an assistant to Dr. Zuckerman and will be spending most of his time in nematode research. Ken has at- tended Bridge water State College. He is keenly interested in his new work and we welcome him to our staff. Dr. H. F. Bergman is convalescing at the Sunny Court Rest Home in East Wareham after being hospital- ized for several weeks. He has pro- gressed to the point where he now spends mornings at the station doing research in his chosen field. January About Normal Winter conditions to date (January 17) have been about normal. Ice ac- cumulations have not been sufficient to permit general ice sanding. A few growers in northern Plymouth Coun- ty did manage to do a little, late in December and early January. Oxy- gen deficiency conditions were be- ginning to develop the first week in January and growers were so noti- fied, but heavy rains that occurred January 6 and 7 removed any possi- ble threat of damage. The bulk of the winter, however, still lies ahead so it would be well to follow weather conditions very carefully and be pre- pared to withdarw the winter flood if conditions warrant it. If we can sssist by answering questions that may arise concerning this problem, let us know. Copper Sulphate Released Dr. C. E. Cross has recently re- ceived word from the State Dept. of Public Health that copper sulphate may be used as we have in the past to control green scum on cranberry begs. The recommendations printed on the 1961 Weed Control Chart con- tain the necessary information. For those who may have misplaced their copy the treatment is as follows: "Broadcast small crystals of copper sulfate on the ice at 10 lbs. per acre, or distribute 4 lbs. of large crystals per acre foot of water in bog flow- age." A word of caution is necessary since copper sulfate is harmful to fish life. Because of this fact we sug- gest that a reasonable period of time should elapse before draining off the winter flood into any fish pond or stream 'after treating for scum. February is a good month to check bogs for scum and if it is present to take advantage of any ice in applying copper sulfate crys- tals. Problems Ahead A new season is here and with it comes the problem of m^aking de- cisions that will affect our own as well as our industry's future. Two of the most difficult years in our his- tory are now behind us, but there sre still problems that must be solv- ed if we are to hold or strengthen our position. Improved water hand- ling facilities and better quality fruit are two areas selected by the Massa- chusetts Cranberry Advisory Com- SHAWMUT GLASS CONTAINERS, Inc. REPRESENTING KNOX GLASS, Inc. 25 EAST STREET CAMBRIDGE 41, MASS. Thr«« inittee to receive special attention in 1962. Ways and means of dealing with these and other problems will be discussed at the winter meetings sponsored by the cranberry clubs and the county extension services. This is still one of the effective medi- ums for reaching growers. We in- vite all cranberry people to attend and participate. The tentative dates for February and March are as fol- lows: Barnstable County February 13 — Barnstable, 7:30 p.m. March 13 — Barnstable, 7:30 p.m. Plymcuth County February 27 — Kingston, 7:30 p.m. Feibiuary 20 — Rochester, 2 p.m. M'arch 20 — Kingston, 7:33 p.m. March 21 — Rochester, 2 p.m. ed with a favorable climate f^r fur- ther sales from the '61 crop. Fresh fruit sales also reached an all-time high. It had been hoiped to reach a goal of 300,000 barrels of fresh berries, but because of IhJ condition of seme berries in som? markets it was not reached. The school lunch program wi3 a big help to the cranberry indu3:;ry. The shipment of 100, ODO barrels was completed. The industry still owes a debt of gratitude to senators and representatives, to Secretary of Agri- culture Orville Freeman. 1961 Cranberry Sales Are Up For Ocean Spray Sales of processed goods the last six months of 1961 represented by factory shipments from all Ocean Spray plants were at an all time high. The sales exceeded a 4,000,000 case figure. At year's end reports from sales personnel and brokers, trade stocks were in good shape. In other words the trade was not over- loaded, which means the year start- Ncarly 8 Ft Of Rain At Beach, Wash, If other cranberry areas think they have plenty — and too much — rain- fall at times look at the 1961 record of the Long Beach Peninsula of Wash- ington. During the past twelvemonth all rainfall records were broken and the yearly total lacked a little over an inch of reaching 8 feet of precipi- tation. Total rainfall measured 94.78 in- ches. Previous high was 91.23 in 1956. Cranguyma Farms rain guage re- corded the following for the year: January, 13.60; February, 22.11; March, 13.94; April, 7.02; May, 3.51; June, 1.16; July, 1.38; August, 1.08; September. 1.65; October, 7.38; No- Brewer & Lord INSURANCE 40 Broad Street, Boston, Mass. CONVERSE HILL WILLIAM B. PLUMER EDWARD H. LEARNARD JOHN B. CECILL. JR. HORACE H. SOULE CHARLES M. CUTLER EBEN A. THACHER VINCENT M. WILSON Serving the People of New England Since 1859 vember, 10.40 and December, 11.55. There were 91 wet days the first four months, 68 in the last four and only 33 such days during the sum- mer. There was rain every day las; February. DR. ZUCKERMAN ACTIVE IN NEMATOLOGY STUDY Dr. Bert M. Zuckerman, patholoii^: at the Massachusetts Cranberry Ex- periment Station is chairman of n committee that drew up a proposi- tion for a nematology study course next year. This will be held in Jul;- and August at Cornell University. A fund of $28,000 has been ra::e : for the purpose which will be at- tended by faculty meumbers and ad- vanced students of nematology fro:"i the Northeastern States region. Zuckerman, as well as being oi Iho organizing ccmmittee will be a f..c-i ulty member. i CRANBERRIES 232 YEARS AGO I On P a g e 24 of the "New Jersey Historical Collections," Barber & Howe. 1844, is a reference to cran-i berries by Mahlon Atacy, writing j to his brother, Revell, "Frcon the' Falls of the Delaware, the 26th day' of the fourth month, 1690." ' The reference is zs follows: We have from the time called May until Michaelmas great store of very good fruits, as strawberries, cranberries and hurtleberries, which are like our bilberries in England, but far' sweeter. They are very wholesome fruits. The cranberries are much like cherries for color and bigness, which may be kept till fruit comes in again; an excellent sauce is made of them for venison, turkeys and other fowl; and they are better to make tarts than either gooseberries or cherries. We have them brought to our houses by the Indians in great plenty. Western Pickers Parts and Repairs Agent for 1961 Model ORDER NOW J. E. BRALEY & SON MACHINE SHOP 78 Gibbs Ave Wareham, Mass. HAVE YOUR REPAIRS DONE NOW Issue of January 1962 - Vol. 26 No. 9 Published monthly at The' Courier Print Shop. Main St.. Warennn. Massachusetts. Subscription, $3.60 per year. Second Class Postage Paid at Wareham, Massachusetts Poet Office. FRESH FROM THE FIELDS fAASSACHUSETTS Manth Began Cold December began slightly colder than normal and then far some days brought seasonable weather. Tem- peratures were running slightly warmer than normal. Plus 32 There was a light snow again on the tenth but this quickly turned to rain, although it left icy roads in some areas. This was followed by unseasonably warm weather. On the 12th the anniversary of last year's unexpected great blizzard over the cranberry area there was rain and the temperatures for the month were a plus 32. First Real Snow The first real snow of the year came on December 17th whitenmg the bogs to a depth of aibout three inches. This turned to rain the fol- lowing day. Christmas Storm December 24, the day before Christ- mas brought the worst New England blizzard in 50 years piling up to two feet of snow in some sections. However, the cranberry area mostly escaped the worst, with only two or three inches, as much of the two storms converging on the area iconsisted of rain rather than the white stuff. Dec. Rain Normal Precipitation for the month of December was 3.45, with the normal being 3.90, so this was practically normal. Of this precipitation 7.7 inches was snow, less than the area ■ experienced last year in the closing month of the year. Normal Temperature ' December was also practically a I normal month in temperatures, about as normal as it can be. The month and the year ended with a 5 degree plus. The year as a whole was also abcut normal. There was a plus of 127 decrees, but this was practically ncrmal spread out over the 365 days of the twelve months. More 1961 Sunshine December was a rather "neutral" month for cranberries, but wicn no threat of winterkill or oxygen de- ficiency. For the year 1961 there was an excess of sunshine which is indi- cative of a good crop next year. At the end of the year most bogs were flowed, much of this flowing being done by gravity, as water sup- plies were up. Snow New Years Day The new year began with the worst Cape snow storm of the season to date. A total of 4.4 inches was measured at the State Bog from a fall on the night of the first day of Compiled by C. J. H. the year, the Cape area getting more snow from this storm from the south than any other part of New England. While bogs were frozen over at the start of the new year there had not been sufficient depth for any ice sanding. NEW JERSEY December Colder During December the temperature avei-ged 32.8°, which is 2.7° colder than normal. The range was from a minimum of 6 on the 30th to a maxi- mum of 60 on the 5th. In comparison with last year (1960) this December was warmer by 4.3° but was still colder than normal by 2.6°. There was a snowfall of 7 inches, about 3 inches more than normal but far short of the record 16.6 inches re- corded in December, 1961. The total AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS FERTILIZERS TOOLS R. F. MORSE & SON CRANBERRY HIGHWAY WEST WAREHAM, MASS. CY 5-1553 BOG SERVICE — AGENT FOR WICCINS AWWAYS precipitation, converted to rain, was 4.27 inches, which is 1.23 inches above normal. 1961 Colder The year 1961 was colder than normal, averaging 52.2°F, which is 2.r above the annual average tem- perature of 54.3. Compared to 1960 the year was 0.6 °F. cooler. Extremes in temperature were 95" on July 22nd and 23rd and 11 below zero on February 2nd. There were 7 days in which temperature dropped to below zero. In the past 32 years such ex- tremely low temperatures have oc- curred only 43 times. 1961 Rainier Precipitation totalled 47.27 inches, an excess of 4.11 over the normal and 3.08 inches greater than the rain- fall of 1960. Snowfall totalled 29 inches, far greater than the average of 18 inches, and only 1.60 inches short of the big snow year of 1960. The snowies;: January in 32 years was recorded in 1931 — 14.80 inches. WISCONSIN December "Old-Fashloned Winter" Winter came ecrly to the s^^'c in the form of much snow and Liold weather during December. The eld- ers referred to it as an old fashioned winder. Surrrisin.dv t'lp ^r;-' "''■' '"'''••' ■ of the month brought record warm temperatures with a high of 55 de- grees on the sixth. Cold temperatures and snow arrived the beginning of the second week, with the snow cover lasting the entire month. Snow depths ranged from 2 inches in the ex- treme south to 18 inches in the north at montlis end. The last two weeks brought record low temperatures with a number of minus 15-20 degree nights establishing some new record lows in the south half of the state. For the record, temperatures ranged from 2-3 degrees below normal in the north to 3-4 below normal in the south. Precipitation was about nor- mal in all areas although it seemed heavy due to the fact it was practic- ally all in the form of snow and no subsequent thawing. Frost depth was shallow due to the insulating effect of the snow ranging from 2-8 inches over the state. The extended forecast for January calls for near normal precipitation and below normal tem- peratures. Looking BacK Looking back on the 1961 weather briefly, sve find we had a late spring, an early fall, normal temperatures and much above normal precipita- tion. Weather affecting the crop was a killing frost the night of June 14. • "> --1 estimated 10% of the crop C. & L. EQUIPiENT 191 LEONARD STREET ACUSHNET, nAr>. Cranberry Bog Service PRUNING FERTILIZING RAKING WEED TRIMMING Machinery Sales PRUNERS POWER WHEELBARROWS RAKES WEED TRIMMERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS - Large & Small Six For Further Information Gall . . . F. P. CRANDON H. C. LEONARD Rockwell 3-5526 Wyman 5-3521 C. J. TRIPP Wyman 5-2013 was lo3t. Hail losses were lower than in previous years, although r.iere were local heavy losses. Crop Shipped Out The last cf the 1961 crop was ship- ped out the last week of the month. Movement was steady and in volume the ten days prior \,o Christmas. The keeping quality overall w: 3 good, but surprisingly the McFarlin variety was below par in quality tiis year primarily due to late .r.aturing. Berry size of this variety was very erratic also. Marshes Flooded Most marshes winter flooded the second week of the month, but heavy snows prevented the rapid freeze down of the floods. As a precaution to avoid oxygen deficiency damage, water under the ice or snow was re- moved the latter part of the month. Cranberry Sauce Bread 2 cups sifted all-purpcse flour 34 cup granulated sugar 3 teaspoons baking powder Iteaspoon salt I2 teaspoon baking soda 1 teaspoon cinniamon 1 cup chopped walnuts 1 egg 1 cup Ocean Spray Jellied Cranberry Sauce, crushed with a fork 2 tablespoons melted shortening Heat oven to 350° F. Sift together onto waxed paper the flour, sugar, baking powder, salt, soda, and cin- namon. Add wahiuts. In mixing bowl, beat eg'g; add cranberry sauce and shortening. Add dry ingredients; stir until just blended. Pour into greased 9" X 5" X 3" loaf pan. Bake in 350° F. Note: 1 teaspoon grated lemon rind may also be added: CRANBERRY PICKING BOXES Shocks, or Nailed Let me repair your broken boxes — or repair them yourself. Stock Always on Hand F. H. COLE Tel. Union 6-3330 North Carver, Mast. An Evaluation of Long Term Fungicide Trials in Massachusetts and Other Experiments by Dr. Bert M. Zuckerman Cranberry Experiment Station Beginning with the 1956 season, four fungicides have been applied each year to two groups of rephoated field plots. In 1958, another group of plots was established to evaluate the performance of newer chemicals. Through these studies facts relevent to the long-range performance of the fungicides have been gathered. This article gives the conclusions drawn from these tests. Rot Control The efficiency of rot control achiev- ed by maneb, zineb, ferbam and Bordeaux mixture used in the re- commended manner is given in Table 1. In these trials the untreated plots had a six-year average of 27.3% rot after berries were stored for 6 weeks, consequently where effective control was obtained, the difference between treated and untre^atsd fruit was easily seen. The most important point illustrated in Table 1 was that maneb was the only chemical of the four to give consistently good rot control. After the first year of treatment (1956), control was always better than 70 % . The erratic re- sults obtained with Bordeaux mix- ture and ferbam, and the unexplain- ed decrease in effectiveness of zineb are also shown. The poor perform- ance of zineb in 2 of the past 3 years may possibly be due to a change in formulation by the manufacturer. A second point shown in the table is that the efficiency of a fungicide is greater after the first year of application. This was true in all cases with the exception of the Bor- deaux treatment. This finding is not new; it has been reported frcm New Jersey and Wisconsin on several oc- casions. Thirdly, in the case of maneb, the efficiency of the fungicide reached a peak after the first year and there- after remained fairly stable. The fact that this peak varied between 70 and 80% control, indicates that some change in the recommended spray program may be needed to in- crease the effectiveness cf the pro- gram (i.e. timing of sprays). Effect on Yield and Size of Berries The effect of fungicide treatments on yield and size of berries was care- fully studied in these tests (Table 2). After four years treatment, the yield on the Bordeaux plots decreased significantly, and it was obvious that the vines in these plots were growing weaker. In 1961, the plots treated with Bordeaux mixture yielded 32 % fewer berries on a v/eight basis than did untreated plots. These differ- ences, which are ascribed to copper buildup in the soil, were consistent in the replicated plots. In 1961, man- eb-treated plots yielded 13% more berries on a weight basis than did untreated plots, but these differences were not consistent between the repli- cates and cannot be attributed to the fungicide treatment. Maneb-treated ben'ies were 2% smaller than un- treated fruit. In 1960, the yield on maneb-treated plots was slightly smaller than the untreated ones, and in 1959 the yield was slightly better. While one cannot draw the conclu- sion from these results that maneb increased yield, it is apparent that the 6-year program did not result in a yield decrease. Yield as re- ferred to here includes both sound and rotted fruit. The results from ferbam and zineb ]"lots were similar to those given for the maneb plots. Where size was sUghtly smaller on fungicide-treated plots, this was generally accounted ior by slightly higher yields than on untreated :plots, and vice versa. There was no consistent indication c: inhibition of berry sizing due to :r.iigioides in these tests. Effect on coloring For the past two years the effects cf fungicide treatment on coloring have been studied in collaboration with Dr. J. Francis, Dept. lOf Food Technology, University of Massachu- setts. These tests have not been con- cluded but preliminary results have shown that maneb, zineb, phaltan, and various fertilizer treatments re- tard berry coloration. The only fun- gicide which enhanced berry color- ation was ferbam. As indicated in previous sections of this article, we consider maneb our best fungicide, consequently an effort was made dur- ing 1961 to eliminate color retarda- tion by maneb. Three tests in which maneb was appUed at one-half the recommended dosage, appUed only in the first treatment with ferbam in the second, and in 50-50 combination with ferbam in both applications, showed that only the latter treat- ment gave superior fungicide control. The color analyses of these treat- ments is in progress and will be published shortly after completion. Phaltan Phaltan has been tested for four years on a series of plots other than those reported above. The results in 1961 were very disappointing as rot was reduced by only 24 % . Some growers felt that Phaltan caused a yield reduction, but there was no satisfactory proof of this in my opin- ion. The results of four years study of yields on phaltan-treated plots are given in Table 2. In the last two years the total yield in fungicide- treated plots was lower than in un- treated ones, but this was due to one of the untreated replicates which has had an exceptionally large crop. Testing of this fungicide will con- tinue. Several tests were made to see if this chemical repelled bees and it was indioatd that phaltan has no repelling effect on bees. Concluding Remarks The conclusions drawn from these tests are summarized below. In my opinion, based on the scops of the experiments reported herein, these are things we know about fungicides as used in Massachusetts and should help to clarify some of the confusion which exists in regard to the quality control program. 1. Maneb is the best fungicide among those currently recommended. It gave superior rot control and did not adversely affect yield. Coloring was sometunes delayed, though this should not preclude its usage on Early Blacks intended for the fresh fruit market. As reported last year, maneb-treated berries were more re- sistant to frost damage than un- treated fruit. 2. Bordeaux mixture used repeat- edly reduced yields. 3. Zineb, ferbam and phaltan gave good rot control in some years, but C 00 ° IS CO O >» 60 >- »-< 3 t-t O c o o o CO U 0) o o >» o d Eight Table 2. Yield of Sound Fruit and Total Yield of Early Black Field Plots Treated for Several Consecutive Years with Fungicides* M^aneb Zineb Ferbam Bordeaux Untreated Phaltan Untreated S T S T S T S T S T S T S T 1961 928 951 697 737 714 757 501 554 719 818 491 510 546 575 1960 611 616 490 496 583 588 454 459 660 690 482 495 556 578 1959 1084 1123 1018 1140 1026 1124 844 986 812 1098 794 854 567 685 1958 848 871 847 895 772 825 695 740 720 902 729 746 638 667 1957 666 687 489 510 394 433 672 748 496 595 - - 1956 581 595 653 668 558 574 406 412 549 585 - - * Each figure is based on 5 replicates and represents the average weight of berries in grams on each plot. S — Average weight cf the sou:id fruit on each nlot at harvest. T — Average weight of the sound and rotted fruit on each plot at harvest. Fsrformed erratically in others. Ber- ries treated with these chemicals were more frost-resistant than un- treated berries. 4. Ferbam is the only fungicide tested which enhanced color; all other fungicides retarded coloration to some degree. LONDON REPORT (Continued from Page Two) ber of new orders. Most of the visi- tors to the exhibit aippeared to be impressed with the products display- ed and a large number of whole- salers and retailers indicated their belief that a substantial m^arket could be developed. There appeared to be substantial opportunities for sales of cranberry jiiice which the Exhibit brought to the U.K. for the first time. Health food store proprietors in particular felt that they could develop substan- tial sales of cranberry juice. If medi- cal researches which are being con- ducted in the U.S. prove that cran- berry juice is effective in the treat- ment of certain kidney diseases, as preliminary investigations have in- dicated, there would appear to be substantial opportunities for the sale of juice to hospitals etc. in the U.K. At least one of the brands on dis- play, which was not represented in the U.K. market, has now appointed an agent. A leadiag food processor and distributor is currently investi- gating the advisability of importing cranberries in bulk for processing into sauce and other products. It is believed that the interest stimulated by the exhibit warrants a vigorous follow-up program. The im- porter of Ocean Spray fresh cran- berries has printed and distributed to :U parts of the U.K. 50,000 ^copies of a cranberry recipe booklet. In view of the success of the exhibit, the representatives of the Cranberry Institute have indicated that they want to participate in the USDA sponsored Food Exhibits to be held in Manchester in May 1962 and i-i London in September 1962. To date, a number of pubUoations have featured editorials on cran- berries and the editors of several journals have expressed their inten- tion of using material and recipes in their Coristmas issues. Representa- tives from hospitals and health food stores have shown considerable in- terest in the dietetic and therapeutic qualities of cranberry products. Robert N. Anderson Agricultural Attache Ocean Spray May Have Juice Made In Wisconsin Ocean Spray is now consideruig the 1 million barrel crop of cran- berries it may soon be called upon to handle. Therefore plant facihties have been under study across the country. These improvements will include additional freezer space and cooling areas where needed, receiv- ing lines and storage space where needed. One of the fields of greatest growth is in the sale of icranberry juice cocktail. The test markets, such as Seattle, Philadelphia and Washing- ton have shown satisfactory results and in some respects spectacular results in the increased sales of the product. Cocktail facilities at Han- son, Mass., including the new press, have been operating full time and are barely able to keep up with the demand. This means that if the co- operative is to expand the market, new press and juice hne-s must be installed. Officials of Oicean Spray p:int out that with the surplus of berries grown in Wisconsin, the place to in- stall that facility is in the Wisconsin producing area. This would save shipping of cartons, glass, water and sugar to that area as is now being done. This project, ihas, how- ever, not gone beyond the thinMng stage as yet. Nothing will be done until the pro- ject is presented to the Board of Directors and authorization is made for the borrowing of money for the purpose. The Springfield Bank for Cooperatives has expressed a will- ingness to go along. As it looks now, officials point out, this extra facility is definitely needed. Leon Hopkins Of New Jersey Leon E. Hopkins, former member of Ocean Spray's New Jersey Cran- berry Advisory Committee and the first manager of the Whiteville plant died at his home in Holmeson last month. He was 58. He is survived by his widow, Mrs. Beulah Francis Hopkins and two sons, Albert E. and Robert K., three grandchildren, three brothers, Oscar, Albert W. and Raymond. Also four sisters, Mrs. Samuel Emley, Mrs. Edward Tantum, Mrs. Orval Errickson and Mrs. Argus Giltner. Advertise In Cranberries NJn Kenneth D. Beaton Of Massachusetts Cares For Some 240 A cres Of Cranberries by Clarence J. Hall He has been in Cranberries all his life — He operates a Growers' service — Is President of Southeastern Massachu- setts Cranberry Club and one of the "solid" growers of his area. Taking care of — and harvesting same 240 acres of cranberry bog is the yearly job of Kenneth D. Beaton of Wareham, Massachusetts. This is pro- perty in which he "owns in," and that of others. He is part owner in approximately 120 acres in several bogs. He conducts "Cranberry Growers Service," a concern which cares for the property of other Massachusetts growers. In Cranberries "AH ffis Life" "Kenney" Beaten has been in cran- berries all his life and doesn't ex- reci to get out of the business. He likes it. Th:- Beaton name has been long fnd resoectfully known in Massachu- setts. Eon,', in Wes: Wareham, March 26, 1918, lie is the son of the late Peter G. Beaton or West Wareiham, a well- Imown Massachusetts grower until his death about two years agb. "Ken- ney" attended Wareham grade schools and was graduated from Wareham High School in 1936. E.S cranberry experience dates back from the time he was in school when he worked for his father, pick- ing in the fall, weeding, sanding and ditching and in fact doing all sorts of boj work. After higfh school he enter ;-d the employ of his uncle, the late John J. Beaton, widely known large grower and distributor of cran- berries, who operated Beaton's Dis- tributing Agency of Wareiham. The late Mr. Beaton formerly had half a dozen scre?nhouses scattered here End there. "Kenney" worked in these. In Charge of "Big" Screenhouse Finally Mr. Beaton consolidated all liis warehouse activities into a huge ent?rprise at South Wareham, wfcidh remains one of the largest screen - houses in the industry. At this time young Beaton was put in chsrg'e of / V'Crations, overseeing 40 or 50 work- ^^^ including women screen srs. Tlien his cranberry career was in- t erupted by World War II and he v.as in service, three years, from 1941 to 1944. He was in the Ordnance Depiartmrnt, and was in the main- tenance of tanks and other wfhesled vehicles. He trained at Aberdeen, Maryland and then was transferred to Camp Shanks at Orangeburge, N. Y. Then he was at the Red River Ordnan:e Department at Texarkana. For over- seas duty he was transferred to the Phillipines, where he was teaching the Phillipinos to handle tanks. He was headed for China, but the war ended while he was still in the Pliil- lipines. He was a staff sergeant. He returned to his native hearth and resumed work for the late Mr. Beaton. At first he had charge of a chain of bogs stretching from Wareham to South Yarmouth on the Cape. He worked for his uncle in all, about 20 years. His First Bog His first bog property, one of two acres is at Tremont. This was known £s the Three B. Cranberry company, since it was made up of himseF, his uncle and Gilbert T. Beaton, now of Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. The owners built this bog. The same trio then bought two properties from the late Norman Hud- son of Wareham. This was known as the KNG Cranberry Bog Comipany. 1'hcy then bought a bog of 8 acres in Falmouth on the Cape. Big Venture Then came a big venture in cran- berry growing. "Kenney," his brother Elliot Beaton of Wareham and "Gib- by" Beaton bought the P'iney Wood bog of the United Cape Cod Cran- berry Company which is located jus', on the boundary between Carver and Ph^mO'uth. "Kenney" managed this. It is about half Early Blacks and the rest Howes. They have increased the productiv- ity of this bog. It formerly had a production record of about 2,200 bar- rels. Its average now is about 3600. They made improvements, particu- larly in a program of fungicides, us- ing ferban and maneb and in fertiliz- ing. In 1960 this bog got its top pro- duction (as did so many Massacbu- sets properties.) There was just a lit- tle more than 5,000 barrels. He is still interested in all the bogs and his total production on all was 9,1C0 Larr.ls. Since the purchase of the Piney Wood bog was not a cash deal, and "Kenney" says it was a question of "put in" and not "take out", he cast around for some sorL cl v/ork which would bring in a casa income. Started Cranberry Business So in 1955 he started the custom- dodng^ Cranberry Growers Service. He is alone in the management of this, but he has two year-round as- sistants. These are Howard Nye o: Marion and Wallace Clemishaw of West Wareham. Cranberry Growers' Service has considerable equipment and still more is being acquired. "We have to have equipment and most of it equip- ment whitfn will do three or four jobs. We do all sorts of bog work for others. We haven't built any new bog, yet, as not much is being built, but we can if the occasion arises." The concern has seven Darlington picking machines, two pick-up trucks, a "Cub" Farmall tractor, (with air- pJane type tires) with which he can mow, sand, wheel off berries and debris from ditches cleaned out, and two medhanical brush cutters, a Jchn Deere front-end loader, with clam- shell shovel. He has a snow remover and can get a crane attachment. There are, of course, other minor items of equipment. Busy Most Of Year With the acreage in which he has part ownership and the growers for whom he does custom work, he keeps busy practically all the year around at cranberry work. Especially is he 'busy at frost time, wihen the three cannot handle all the bogs, but have 1o have other assistance. He does his own book5:ee:::ng, and that keeps him busy in the winter- time catching up. Growers Cranb^r ry Service also logs winters; ma- chines have to be repaired on the off -months, and picking boxes re- paired. "Kenney" has a ground rig for spraying', but much of his insect work is done by Wiggins Airways heUcop- ters. His busiest time is harvesting in the fall, but be is also busy from late Views of Ice Sanding spring until well into the season with insect control on all the bogs under liis management. A lot of time is sipent in netting for insects, as he is a firm beUever in that practice. With miany years of craniberry work behind him, and presumably many more to come, "Kenney" is not dis- couraged," he asserts. Hit With Sledge Hammer "I have been hit with a sledge hammer, several times, or so it seems, probably the biggest blow be- ing the 'contaminated cranberries', scare of three years ago. But we are working out of that now. I can't think of anything that will happen next, but there will probably be something, as every business has its ups and downs. We have to find a way to satisfactorily market our siirplus ber- ries, but this can be done. I have faith in the cocktail market. Market- ing orders should help us also and in this we manage our own surplus. "The United States Department of Agriculture has been a big help to the cranberry industry and will con- tinue to be. It seems to me this unit g3ts too much blame and not enougfn credit. Farmers get blamed unjust- ly for being too efficient and raishig too big crops. They should get credit for bsing efficient." "Kenney" is interested in all cran- berry activities. He has "subbed" at cranberry picking schools, demon- strating how the Darlington operates and how it should be operated. President Of Club Last March he was elected presi- dent of the Southeastern Massachu- setts Cranberry Club, after servmg two years as vice president. He is a member and a director of Cape Ccd Cranberry Growers' Association. He says that cranberry work takes up too much of his time for many outside activities. The only other or- ganization of which he is a member is the Wareham Congreg'ational Church and the Mr. and Airs. Club of that church. In 1941, just before the war, he was married to the former Marjorie L. Matthews of South Middleboro. The couple has three children, Doug- las, who graduated from Wareham High School in June 1961, Peter, 14 and a daughter, Christine, 4. Interested In Sports "Kenney" has always been inter- (Continued on Page 13) Elevei» Mr. and Mrs. Vernon Gflldsworthy of Cranberry on the broadcast. oducts. Inc.. Eagle River. Wisconsin as they appeared Goldsivorthys On Cranberry T-V The cranberry industry received another boost when last month Mr. and Mrs. Vernon Goldsworthy of Eagle River, Wisconsin appeared on Station WTMJ-TV in Milwaukee. The Goldworthys were chosen to repre- sent the State of Wisconsin canning industry on the program. Goldsworthy is president of Cran- berry Products, Inc., of Eagle River, processors of cranberry and other items. He is also one of Wisconsin's largest growers. The program on which Mr. and Mrs. Goldsworthy appeared was the ninth of a series conducted by the Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, under the supervision of Marvin Verhulst, executive secretary of the Wisconsin Canners Association and Mrs. Gertrude Anderson, nutritionist for the Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, response ta the program was heavy and there were 2,000 copies of mimeographed recipes made for distribution to viewers. The Goldsworthys prepared a cran- berry pudding and sauce recipe on the program. In addition "Chocolate Maraschino Cooking," "Cranberry Nut Bread" and "Cranberry Lemon- ade" were shown. Goldsworthy showed various cran- berry products produced at the Ea- gle River plant and examples of canned cranberries. A^. /. Blueberry Crop Is Down In 1961 Total blueberry production in New Jersey has been estimated at 2,310,- 000 trays by the USDA Crop Report- ing Service. This is the lowest aver- age yield since 1948. Extremely low temperatures dui'- ing the winter of 1960-61 are blamed for the fall off. There was a wide variation in yields in various sec- tions, but the extent of the winter injury is shown in the fact that the average was only 220 trays, com- pared with 350 the year before and a ten-year average of 276 trays per acre. The trend of the harvested acre- age, however, continued iip with a total of 6,700 acres in 1961. This is an increase of only 100 acres over the prior high of 6,600 acres in 1960. The increase this past year was much smaller than normal because some growers found that winter damage was so severe and the crop so small that it was not profitable to harvest any berries this past season. New plantings of blueberries continue in most commercial sections, evidence that the upward trend of blueberr\^ acreage will increase for several years. CRANBERRIES PROVIDES A NEEDED MEDIUM OF INFORMATION FOR ALL GROWERS Vernon Goldsworthy, president of Cranberry Products, Inc., Eagle River, Wisconsin (right) is shown pre- senting a gift package of cranberries to David Carley, who is director of the Wisconsn Department of Resource Development of Cooperative Extension Work, State of Wisconsin. The promotion was made to encourage people to buy cranberries and to give gifts native to the area. Directors, Institute Hold Annual Meet, Officers Elected Sessions held in Washington — To Procede with Market- ing Order Proposal, and with European Market for Cran- berries. Directors and memuei-s of the Craniberry Institute met at the Hotel Washington, Washington B.C., Jan- uary 8 and 9th and elected directors and officers of each body. This was the annual meeting and there was an attendance of 10, representing the nearly complete bulk of the cran- berry marketing industry. Directors elected were Orrin G. Colley, George C. P. OLsson, Marcus M. Urann of Massachusetts; Bert Leasure and Ben Pancook of Wis- consin, Leon April and Walter Z. Fort of New Jersey, the latter re- placing John Morelli who was not a candidate for re-election. Officers of the Istiture were re- elected, these being, president, Orrin G. Colley, vice president, Mr. Lea- sure and secretary-treasurer, Mr. Urann. Chief in discussion were plans con- cerning the proposed Marketing Ord- er. The directors decided that the Institute should continue to request the Department of Agriculture for such an order. Colley said such a step would be the first one in a pro- gram which should enable the in- dustry to help control the supply £.nd demand for cranberries. Before the order is granted hear- ings of the industry must be held. There have been set up as, for Massachusetts growers, at Wareham Town Hall, March 12, 13 and 14; New Jersey, Mt. HoUey, March 16; Wisconsin, Port Edwards, March 19 and for the West Coast March 22, probably at Long Beach, Washing- ton. There was also discussion con- tinued concerning the foreign mar- ket in Europe for cranberries. There was much interest in this project. Last summer the Institute voted an assessment of four cents a barrel for its members to carry on the work of the Institute and this will carry over into 1962. KENNETH D. BEATON (Continued from Page 11) ested in sports. While in high school he played on the football, baseball and basketball teams. His son Doug- las was on the Wareham football team in 1960 and he attended every game. He likes to watch professional sports of all kinds. With his considerable bog holdings, the work his Cranberry Growers* Service does for others and his in- terest in all cranbarry activities, he is one of the "solid" men who make u(p the Massachusetts cranberry in- dustry. Thirtee'n Mass, Clubs Hold The First Winter Meetings First winter meetings of the Massa- chusetts cranberry clubs were held in late January. The first was at Barnstable, the session of the Cape Cod Club, and the second at Carver, a joint affair of the two Plymouth County clubs. Dr. Chester E. Cross, director of Massachusetts Cranberry Experiment Station discussed the "Present and Future Outlook of the Cranberry Industry;" while the other principal speaker was Ambrose E. Stevens, general manager and executive vice president of Ocean Spray, who talked on "Marketing of the 1961 Crop and Plans for the Coming Year." Other speakers were representatives of the Soil Conservation Service and a rep- resentative of the Farmers' Home Administration. Two of the principal areas to be under discussion at club meetings this winter are water handling facili- ties and better quality fruit. A report of these sessions will be given in the next issue of Cran- berries. Wisconsin Growers Hold The Annual Meeting The annual, and an important meet- ing of Wisconsin State Cranberry Growers' Association was scheduled t3 be January 19 at the auditorium, Wood County Courthouse, Wisconsin Rapids. There were two scientific papers presented as well as several major committee reports heard. These included a report of the committee to investigate the possi- bilities of establishing a cranberry experiment station in Wisconsin, the committee appointed to investigate group hail insurance, and there were some proposals on ways and means to improve the present frost warn- ing service. "Weed control, 1961" was discuss- ed by Dr. M. N. Dana and "Fungi- cides for Berry Rot Control, 1961" by Dr. Donald Boone. Experiences wdth markets orders were discussed by representatives of the Wisconsin State Department of Agriculture. Fourte«« Items of business were the com- mittee report on the constitution and a report by the association historian. Election of officers was held. Olsson Attends Conferences At Washington George C. P. Olsson, president of Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. was invited by the Secretary of Agricul- ture in mid-January to attend an important conference on "Food and People" held in the Jefferson Audi- torium, U.S. Department of Agricul- ture, Washington, D.C. Abundance in American production of food and fiber and ways of making better use of this abundance was the sub- ject of the discussion. A member of the legislative and nominating committee of National Canners Association, Mr. Olsson also look part in a Washington conference later in the month of Congressional leaders. National Chamber of Com- merce and National Canners Asso- ciation. ON QUARTERMASTER HOARD OF MANAGERS Dr. William F. Hampton, director cf research and technical develop- ment at Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc., was voted a member of the Board of Managers of the New Eng- land Chapter, Quartermasters As- sociation at the association's Annual Meeting. Dr. Hampton played an active part in influencing the proposed move of the Army Quartermaster Food Container Institute frcm Chicago to Natick. He appeared before the Sen- ate Armed Services Committee in Washinq'ton at the time of the hear- ing to argue the case in favor of the move, which has now been voted by Congress and approved by the Secretary of Defense. Cranberries Win Honors at A Natl. Convention Georp^e C. P. Olsson, President of Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc., was a speaker at the 33rd Annual Meet- ing of the National Council of Farmer Cooperatives held in San Francisco, California, in mid-January. Mr. OIs- son's talk, given during the session on Agricultural Finance and Credit, was on the Cooperative's Role. During the convention the Council sponsored an Information Service Fair to encourage improvement of informational-promotional materials, and entries were received from all parts of the country. Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc., took two first prizes, one third prize and three "first rater" awards in the nation-wide competition. Label on the Jellied Cranberry Sauce can won a first in the category, Hard Package Design, and New Crop won ■a first prize in TV Commercials. Third prize by the cranberry co- operative was won in Product Ad- vertising, and "first rater" awards were in the categories, Advertising Broadside, Promotional Letter and Advertising Posters. A New Weapon Against Insects Sterilants, if used with in- secticides may provide a powerful means of control- ling or eradicating several destructive pests. The possibility of using chemicals to sexually steralize insects — as a means of control or eradication to prevent reproduction — is no longer just a scientific theory. By treating laboratory-reared in- sects with minute quantities of ster- ilizing chemicals (chemosterilants). USDA scientists have completely halted reproduction in test colonies of several species — housefhes, mos- quitoes, stable flies, screwworms, boll weevils and Mexican finiit flies. Sterized females laid no eggs and tlie eggs laid by fertile females that mated with sterile males did not hatch. Sexual vigor and mating be- havior were not affected. In a preliminary field test ARS entomologists of Orlando, Fla., al- most eliniinated a population of housefhes infecting a partially iso- lated refuse dump on a small unin- habited island. After five weekly applications of a bait containing chemosterilant, only a few flies could be found, and 99 percent of those captured were sterile. The potential advantages of in- (CkMitinued on Page 16) fidjf^al^ ISSUE OF JANUARY, 1962 VOL. 26 - NO. 9 (^^;;^;^ 1962 The year 1961 saw the cranberry in- dustry strengthened. The ''great cranberry scare," which began in 1959 seems to be practically over. The market, closed strong for both fresh and processed sales and the industry was back into the favorable posi- tion before the ill-fated remarks of then secretary of health, education and welfare, Arthur Flemming. But it has been a strong struggle. Our industry itself refused to admit defeat in the greatest obstacle any agricultural com- modity has been called upon to face. Since the debacle of 1959 we have had the help of our representatives in Congress and particularly those from the cranberry- producing areas. We have had the unstint- ing help of the United States Department of Agriculture, and also of allied food indus- try. These, sparkpluged by the undying spirit of the cranberry industry, itself have brought us back. With an extremely favorable clean-up and good market in both fresh and pro- cessed cranberries for the holiday period, the most important of the year, the outlook for 1962 is more favorable than it has been for sometime. We can face the coming year with renewed hope — reasonable expec- tation that the year 1962 will be a good one. There may be better prices in the com- ing year when the fresh fruit market opens next fall. ~~" The USDA purchase of 100,000 bar- rels of fresh fruit for school lunches was a tremendous help. We do not know if it will again be forthcoming or not. But we can hope for that or a similar program of help to the industry. We can look upon the apparently suc- cessful visitation to Europe of the two rep- resentatives of the Cranberry Institute as a good thing. They have reported that a European market will not be an easy thing to build up. But there apparently is a mark- et in that continent for American cranber- ries. To produce this will require hard CLARENCE J. HALL Editor and Publisher EDITH S. HALL— Associate Editor Wareham, Massachusetts SUBSCRIPTIONS, $3.50 Per Year, FOREIGN, $4.50 CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin LEO A. SORENSON Cranberry Consultant Wisconsin Rapids Wisconsin Washington Dr. CHARLES C. DOUGHTY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. Oregon GRANT SCOTT Coquille, Ore. Massachusetts Dr. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. New Jersey P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey work, but the Institute and other sedgments of the industry are used to hard work. Internally the crop of 1961 moved to the westward. There was a good crop in Wisconsin, and the biggest ever in the State of Washington. New Jersey upped its crop this past season, but Massachusetts with the big freeze of May 31 did not do as well as usual in providing such a bulk of the production. It will be interesting to vv^atch developments in 1962. Although this is belated as of January 1, it is not too late to wish all those asso- ciated with the cranberry industry an even happier and more prosperous 1962. SERVING THE WSSCONSIN GROWERS NEW WEAPON (Continued from Page 14) were first suggested by E. F. Kip- ling head of USDA entomoloi,'/ re- search. This principial of insect self- annihilation is being entensively ex- plored in ARS laboratories at Orlan- do; Kerville, Texas; Honolulu, Ha- v/aii and Mexico City, Mexico. Pre- liminary studies are also underway at other AlRiS laboratories. The sci- entists believe successful applica- tion of this principle could help us get rid of many destructive and dan- gerous insect pests. Chsmjosterilants have been studied for less than five years, but early results indicate they nave advant- ages over the use of radiation. A safe chemosterilant could be used in the field to sterilize native insect populations. Sterile females v/ould be incapable of producing iprogeny and the sterile males would compete with sterile males in mating with any femiales that escaped the sterilization treaitment. The doulble effect would result in raipdd reduc- tion of the insect papuMion. Some 60 or 70 of the approximately 2,000 chemicals screened show some degree of sterilizing activity. Most promising are half a dozen deriva- tives of ethyenimine a family of chemicals used in cancer-theriapy re- search. These chemlosterilants are considered toxic to warm-blooded animals and couild only be used un- der carefully controlled conditions. They could be used safely, for in- stance, to steralize artificially rear- ed insects as uradiation was used in the screwworm program. ARS entomologists and chemists emphasize that much more research must be done before chemosterUants can be used safely and effectively against native insect populations. The chemists must find the desired compounds and the entomologists must learn how, wlhen and where to aipiply chemosterilants to specific in- sects without creating hazards to humans, animals, crops of wildlife. (AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH) FREEDOM AND ENABLING LEGISLATION The topic of enabling legislation is Sixts«Q up for discussion in many parts of Uie cau-itry. It is legislation which makes it permissible for growers co \r.Doi their resources on problems (hat are of common concern. There is some misunderstanding on this point. Some folks feel that per- missive legislation is an aotion pro gram in itself. It is not. It merely makes it pcssible under the law fcr growers to do some things for them- eelves that they might not otherwise be able to do. And they can do ihesc things only by strong majority vote. It has been said hy s:m3 .h.-zt en- abling legislation is a blow at "free- dom." This is like saying that the law which insists stop signs be obey- ed is a blow at freedom. Traffic laws are laws for order and safety and for getting a job done. They are hardly blows at freedom. In similar vein, a person might argue that airplane travel is a blow at freedom in as much as the pas- sengers must leave at a certain time, and cannot get out of the plane en- loute. Those who want freedom of this kind had better walk! No, enabling legislation is not de- signed for loss of freedom. It is aimed constructively for helpful group action, where such action is deemed desirable by vote of the growers themselves. It helps growers to help themselves. It does nothing in itself — least of all does it take away the freedom that seme selfish interests often claim as a point wiih which to confuse the issue. (The Fruit Grower.) CRANBERRY CANDIES I" BAXDON, OREGON A cranberry candy snop nas been set up in the home of Mrs. Dorothy Johnson on Highway 101 south of Eandcn, Oregon. Mrs. Johnson and an assistant, package the cranberry candy in boxes of two sizes — 8 ounce and 12 ounces and sell it ^; the shop. Candy has been mailed as far east as New York and to Denver, Colorado. Indicating the gr:wirg pop- ularity of the sweet is the fact that more and more people seek it. Canned whole cranberries are tho primary ingredient. ADVERTISE IN CRANBERRIES MAGAZINE HUME PRODUCTS CORPORATION • DEGRASSERS • DRYERS • CONVEYORS Designers and manufacturers of machinery for the cranberry industry SERVICES AVAILABLE TO WISCONSIN GROWERS: Steel stock from our warehouse Ensineering services Complete machine shop service im F«r inf*rmation, write: HUME PRODUCTS CORPORATION Eagle River, Wisconsin SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS FOR SALE SEARLES JUMBO HOWES, McFARLIN Vine* for delivery in 1961 $125.00 Ton F.O.B. INTERESTED IN PURCHASING WISCONSIN CRANBERRY PROPERTIES Vernon Goldsworthy B.S. & M.S. University of Wisconsin Cranberry Consultant Fees Reasonable EAGLE RIVER WISCONSIN -.i^^^mfj^i^i^^mmmmm. DANA MACHINE & SUPPLY Co. Wis. Rapids Wis. MFGS. of: SPRAY BOOMS GRASS CLIPPERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS Getsinger Retracto tooth pickers Dryers DISTR. of: VEE BELTS & PULLEYS ROLLER CHAINS SPROCKETS & BEARINGS CONVEYOR BELTING STEEL Your Foreman Deserves A Subscription to Cranberries; too OUR PRODUCTS Strained Cranberry Sauce Whole Cranberry Sauce Cransweets Diced Cransweets Cranberry Apple Sauce Spiced Cranberries Cranberry Chilli Sauce Cranberry Bar-B-Q Sauce Cranberry Orange Relish Cranberry Vinegar Cranberry-Strawberry Preserves Cranberry Juice ( ranberry-Cherry Preserves Cranberry-Pineapple Preserves Cranberry-Raspberry Preserves Cranberry-Rhubarb Preserves Cranberry-Gooseberry Preserves Cran-Beri Cran-Vari Cran-Puri Cranberry Puree Cran-Bake Sliced and Whole Maraschino Cranberries Consumer Size & Bulk Fresh Cranberries Cranberry Products, Inc. EAGLE RiVER, WISCONSIN CORRUGATED CULVERT PIPE and FLOW GATES Felker Bros, Mfg. Co. MARSHFIELD WISCONSIN Phone 230 - 231 WISCONSIN CRANBERRY GROWERS are using more Signature Fertilizer year after year • Pelletized • Homogeneous • Dustless • Free-Flowing • 50 lb. Bags E. RAUH & SONS FERTILIZER CO. Indianapolis & Plymouth, Ind. YOU Are reading this ad. Others will read yours in CRANBERRIES Magazine A 'i k \ e' •''■•1 •<,>" ..'v" 0 0C< '^^'' \ YOURBUSINE WHENl JIMfl CO 1 OCEAN SPRAY CRANBERRIES, INC. IVINC A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY UNiVLRSITY/^ lASSACH :ape cod new jersey wisconsin OREGON WASHINGTON CANADA MRS. MIRIAM L. EATON, Operates Own Cape Cod Bog. 35 Cents FEBRUARY 1962 DIRECTORY For CRANBERRY GROWERS Worcester Paper Box Corporation MEDFORD, MASS. Tel. MYstic 8-5305 Manufacturers of Folding Cartons and Displays PREFABRICATED FLUMES Straightline Pumps Bog Railroads For Rent CONSULTANT On Water Problems RUSSELL A. TRUFANT North Carver, Mass. Tel. U:\ion li-3S93 1 The 1 iCHARliS W. 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''Industry Is Back,'* Stevens; ''Mass Must Go Ahead y' Cross The cranberry indiistry, market- wise is back to where it was in 1958 or better, before the "great cran- berry scare," Ambrose E. Stevens, general manager and executive vice president of Ocean Spray told grow- ers attending the first winter meet- ings of the M'assachusetts cranberry clubs. These were held at Dams- table January 16 with albout 65 at- tending and at the Gov. Carver School, Carver the 18th with about 200 present. Dr. Chester E. Cross, director of Mass.achusetts Cranberry Station in a startling talk, told the growers of Massachusetts they would "have" to invest more capital in their bogs. That is, if they hope to keep in com- petition with Wisconsin production and remain in business. He empha- sized adequate frost control, princi- pally by the installation of sprinkler systems even if the money had to be borrowed. His talk, in detail, is printed elsewhere in this issue. Mr. Stevens said he spoke solely from the viewpoint of Ocean Spray, with which he was mcst familiar. But, it should be recalled that Ocean Spray now distributes about 80 per- cent of the crop. He said the market is back to Where it was, and where it might have been except for the "scare" nobody knows but he indicated his conviction that it would have been much advanced by this time. He siaid that President Kenney D. Beaton, president of the Southeastern Massachusetts club which met with the South Shore at the Carver meet- ing in a joint meeting, had keynoted the spirit of the meeting when in opening he declared this years' meet- ings were held in a spirit of "grati- tude" for the recovery. In 1960 the meetings had been held in a "mad" atmosphere and in 1961 with a spirit of "hopefulbiess," but this bad turn- ed to a feeling of gratitude and be- lief that the worst of the cranberry market depression inspired by the speech of then-secretary of Health, Education and Welfare Arthur Flem- ming on November 9, 1959 was over. He said Ocean Spray in the 1961 inarket had sold 255,000 barrels of cranberries fresh not counting the 100,000 which was bought directly by the USD A for school lunches. This represented the largest fresh fruit sales ever by the cooperative. He said this would have been higher had not the quality of many Massa- chusetts berries been so lacking in the crop of last fall. This was a 17% increase. He said canned cranberries sales were about the same. He said there was a 22 percent increase in the num- ber of famiUes using Ocean Spray cranberries. "The scare is now defi- nately a matter of history," he as- serted. He said for canned cranberry sauce there had been 1,423,000 cases sold. Cocktail sales had shown an in- crease of 39 percent in 1961, but even though this represented only 43,500 barrels of cranberries it was a good sign. He said the increase was chief- ly in new markets other than New England where the product had been "plugged." This year there will be additional areas promoted. A fly in the ointment was the poor sales of institutional packages and that no improvement was made in this market. He said personell in this department had been changed and it was hoped for better results this coming year. Also, he declared, the hope for new industrial uses of cranberries had "fallen flat on its faces," and there had been no success in this field. There had been hopes of enter- ing into the baby foods, jams and jelUes, bakeries and the dairy pro- ducts through ice cream and other markets, but no new outlets had been found. The only success was in a small bakery in Boston which made cranberry bread. He asserted efforts along this line would be continued. He said last year Ocean Spray had the best Easter sales it ever had and there were new prcmotional plans for this coming season. He said he locked for good sales during the next seven months of processed cranber- ries, or until the 1982 crop comes in. He said Ocean Spray's "quality control" program had worked out well, although not as well as hoped for due to generally inferior quality cf the Massachusetts production. Mr. Stevens then turned to Ocean Spray plant betterments. He said handling the past two crops had been hard work and plant improvements were necessary to gain efficiency and that these improvements would pay for themselves in a few years. He said peak loads had piled up tremendously, due to the almost universal use of the picking machines and this rush of berries could not be adequately handled without the bet- ierments. He said a new combined freezer- storage building is plaimed for the Hanson, Mass. plant with a capacity cf 50,000 barrels. He said this might cost in total $350,000 which money would have to be borrowed. He said this would pay for itself in three or four years. Eight additional sep- arators are also needed at Hanson. He said a new metal building will have to be erected on Onset, which will provide an additional fresh berry facility, and there will be a new BEN FRANKLIN was one of the most forward-looking men of his day. He would be amazed at the progress which has been made in the development of — ELECTRICITY Make good use of it in your bog work — in your home. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM - PLYMOUTH CYpress 5-0200 Pilgrim 6-1300 freight elevator there and the roof will be raised over a section. He said there will be improvements at the Chatham freezer, and whole berry sauce equipment installed at Bordentown, New Jersey. He said more frezer space was needed at the North Chicago plant to care for Wis- consin's increased production. He said a temperature controlled room was needed at Markham, Washing- ton, this to cost about $100,000 and new land would be acqviired at Dan- don, Oregon and a new screenhouse built. In the question period he said it was hoped to close the 1961 pool by October 15 and the 1962 by October If You Want A Good Flume At A Low Cost Use All Heart Redwood 2 Car Loads Due For Your Fall Requirements 6x8 — 6x6 — 4x6 — 4x4 Planking - Square Edged or Matched 2x6 — 2x8 — 2x10 — 2x12 SEND FOR YOUR FREE FOLDER ON THE "DURABILITY OF REDWOOD" E. W. Goodhue Lumber Co., Inc. MIDDLEBORO ROAD EAST FREETOWN, ?.TASS Phones Rockwell 3-8811 — Middleboro 1275 Hold full flavor in your cranberry pack %~tx CORN PRODUCTS COMPANY Manufacturers of fine products for the food industry . . . and fpuhar Best Foods Division grocery brands for the consumer. first of 1963. As to berries in the freezer he said there was 17 percent less than last year, but tnere would be enough for all purposes until the 1962 harvest is m. He said Ocean Spray is worlrVg to get the pools on a more curr' .c basis. As to what the 1961 pool .,- 11 pay he said it was hoped that it would be "somewhat better thnn last year." In conclusion he said he was feel- ing fine after his recent illness and was glad to be in active work for Ocean S;>ray. Charles Starr of Farmers' Home Loan followed Dr. Cross as speaker at L-oth of the meetings. He said FHA stood ready to make loans for sprinkler systems, if growers were refused credit through regular bank- ing channels. He said that in the past, 98 percent of cranberry loan applications had been granted. "We know how to help you," he added. At Carver, Emory Mills of the State Soil Conservation Service told how this branch stood ready to as- sist cranberry growers in soil con- ser 'ation measures, including better management of water supplies. He isaid -hat eventually most irrigation and h st control by water would have t ) be done by sprinkling as wa*^:i- supplies are bound to get scarcer in the near future. George Archambeau of ACP said funds could not come from this source for sprinklers but it could share the costs in reservoir, ditch cleaning, sump work, and soforth. Speaking at Barnstable were J. Foxcroft Carlton for Agriculture and Promotion and Darrell Sheppard for Soil Conservation Service. Ocean Spray Continues To "^an Amino Ocean Spray directors at a recent meeting voted to continue the Ocean Spray ban on the entire use of the weed killer amino triazole. The di- rectors reviewed the situation and decided that as far as this particular weed killer is concerned, any use of it is an abuse. READ CRANBERRIES Mass. Cranberry Station and Field Notes by J. RICHARD BEATTIE Extension Cranberry Specialist Personals Prof. "Stan" Norton's mother pass- ed away early in February. We extend our sympathy to Stan and his family. Dr. H. F. Bergman has returned to his home after a period of con- valescence at the Sxmny Court Rest Home. He is now driving his car and spends part of each day at the Station. We know his friends will be pleased to know that he has made such fine progress in regaining his health. Mrs. H. J. Franklin is spending the winter in Florida with relatives and writes that she is thorougihly enjoying her visit. She plans to re- turn to her home in East Warehaan in the spring. Mrs. Fred Chandler was hospital- ized in February and will reqiiire a period of convalescence. We are sure that a note from her friends directed to her home in Marion will be ap- preciated. Dr. Fred Chandler and Irving De- moranviUe presented a paper en- titled "[Rest Period for Cranberries" at the Northeastern Section of the American Society of Horticultural Science held in Cambridge, Ma^., in January. Ilhe writer also attended and is pleased to report that his colleagues gave a fine presentation. The Cranberry Experiment Station has been an active participant at these meetings for a number of years. Milder Winter The winter of 1962 is a real con- trast to the one experienced a year ago. We have had only one major snow storm. Temperatures have aver- aged aibout one degree per day below normal, but in general the Cape area has found it to be a welcome relief from the winter of 1961. Grow- ers will recall that a year ago three major snow storms had been ex- perienced to date (Feb. 14), together with a near record-breaking cold spell which saw temperatures stay below freezing for 16 consecutive days at our station. Many domes- tic water supplies were frozen. Even the Cape Cod Canal was comipletely frozen over and closed to shipping for nearly 10 days. It was a winter that we will long remember. Some Sanding Done Temperatures in late January and early February of this year were sufficiently low to allow a limited amount of ice sanding; in fact, the northern half of the cranberry area has had quite favorable conditions for this type of work and a number of growers have taken advantage of these conditions. Green Scum Growers are reminded again it is time to check bogs for the presence of green scum around shore ditches. If present, this pest should be treated with copper sulfate crystals, using the recommendations printed on the 1961 weed control chart. Any con- fusion concerning its use has been cleared, as indicated in the Januarif issue of Cranberries Magazine. Dr. Chester Cross veceived word from the State Department of Public Health that copper sulfate may be used as we have in the past. Growers are urged to follow directions very carefully ibecause this dhemical is harmful to fish life. Charts The cranberry insect, disease and weed control charts have been re- vised and are now being printed. They will be mailed to growers through the county agents' offices in March, accompanied by a circu- lar letter outlining the major revi- sions and items for study. The ex- perience and oibservations of growers who assisted with this work were most helpful as usual. Plans did not call for a revision of the fertilizer chart, so growers sihould not discard their 1958 copy. There is a limited supply of these charts available at the county agent's offices and at the station for anyone who m^ay have misplaced his copy. Before leaving the subject of ferti- lizer, growers will be interested to know that Dr. Fred Chandler's new fertilizer bulletin is ready for dis- tribution. It is a fine piece of work and should be in the hands of all Massachusetts growers. Included in this bulletin is an important section of the original fertilizer chart. Copies of the bulletin are available at the county agents' offices and here at the station. ROOF V^NUFACTURING COMPANY Announces the appointment of R. F. MORSE & SON, INC. Cranberry Highway- West Wareham, Mass. CY 5- 1553 OJ the exclusive franchisee! dealer for ROOFi^/'MOWERS in this area come in soon for a free demonstration of the rugged ROOF mower. The only mower with • Variable Pitch Blode Action • Oil Bath Gear Drive • Swivel-Glide Mowing Unit and mony other featufs I In 26" or 30" Cutting Width* I Manufactured by: I ROOF MANUFACTURING CO. I rontlae, llltnot* Custom Schools Plans have been nearly completed to hold a school for custom operators at the Cranberry Experiment Sta- tion in March. This will be the first time that such a session has been held with tihe people who apply most of the pesticides and fertilizers. Our staff will serve as instructors and there will be ample time for discussion. We firmly believe that such a session will serve a very useful purpose and hope to reach approximately 25 custom operators. Meetings Those attending the January club meetings heard an interesting pro- gram, including Dr. Chester Cross's vigorous appeal for better water handling facilities. The disastrous frost of May 30, 1961, which destroy- ed an estimated 200,000 barrels or about one-third of our crop poten- tial, clearly demonstrated the need for better frost protection. At least one-third of the Massachusetts acre- age cannot be protected against frost, and much of this same acre- age is subject to drought damage. There is also the serious problem of inadequate drainage on bogs that have too much water during critical periods. As a result of these condi- tions and because the problems in- volved are difficult to solve on an individual basis, a new approach has been designed. The following steps have been taken: 1. The assistance of the Soil Con- servation Service, Agricultural Sta- bilization and Conservation Program, and the Farmers' Home Administra- tion has been requested and granted to develop a unified program that will help improve water handling facilities. The above organizations are in a position to give technical as well as financial assistance, as in- dicated at the January cranberry club meetings. 2. A water shed has been selected for study. The growers whose bogs are located in the area are being contacted to determine their inter- est in having the area surveyed by Soil Conservation Service technicians. A plan will be presented to the grow- ers for their consideration by the Soil Conservation Service. The plan will deal with recommendations for solving some of the problems in the given water shed. 3. Ine study when completed would serve as a demonstration of what can be accomplished by group action in a given area. Preliminary plan- ning sessions have been held and tihe early response from growers has fce-n most gratifying. Brewer & Lord INSURANCE 40 Broad Street, Boston, Mass. CONVERSE HILL WILLIAM B. PLUMER EDWARD H. LEARNARD JOHN B. CECILL, JR. HORACE H. SOULE CHARLES M. CUTLER EBEN A. THACHER VINCENT M. WILSON Serving the People of New England Since 1859 Mass. Clubs Hold Feb. Meetings Massachusetts cranberry growers heard several informative talks at the February meetings of the cran- berry Clubs. These were Cape Cod club at Barnstable, February 13; South Shore at Kingston, February 27 and Southeastern at Rochester, February 28. These meetings will be reported in this magazine in the next issue. Cranberry Specialist J. Richard Beattie and Irving E. Demoranville of the Station discussed the 1961 "Quality Control and Consumer Re- search," this including fresh fruit studies in several parts of the coun- try and a consumer questionaire. Dr. Bert M. Zuckerman, pathologist, informed about fungicides, diseases and nematodes relative to cranber- ries and told of his recent trip to Europe to attend nematode seminars. Dr. Satendra Khera, who is on leave from a University in India to assist in nematology and quality studies at the Massachusetts Station was introduced to the growers for the first time and told of agricul- tural practices in his native country. George C. P. Olsson, vice president of The Cranberry Institute gave the views of the Institute on the pro- posed Marketing Order, and express- ed the work of the Institute in work- ing towards foreign market for cranberries. Marketing Order Hearings The hearings for the proposed marketing order for cranberries, which were announced for the mid- dle of March have now been post- { Continued on Page 16) Western Pickers Parts and Repairs Agent for 1961 Model ORDER NOW J. E. BRALEY & SON MACHINE SHOP 78 Gibbs Ave Wareham, Mass. HAVE YOUR REPAIRS DONE NOW Issue of February 1962 - Vol. 26 No. 10 I'ublished monthly at Th^ Courier Print Shop, Main St.. Wareham. Massachusetts. Subscriptions $3.50 per year. Second Class Postage Paid at Wareham, Massachusetts Post Office. FRESH FROM THE FIELDS Compiled by C. J. H. f^ASSACHUSETTS Oxygen Deficiency Problem The first seven days of January ware a little colder than normal, by 19 degrees and this with ice and snow en it brought about an oxygen deficiency prcblem. On the fourth, growers were urged to drop the wa- ter under the ice, as a precautionary measure. But then came warm rains and milder temperatures, melting the snow over the cranberry area and much of the ice. By the 8th, both were substantially gone and the dan- ger of deficiency was over, at least for the time being. Milder During Bitter Spell While much of the south and west were beseiged by record-shattering cold and sncws, the Massachusetts cranberry area "enjoyed" relatively warmer weather. There was no snow on bogs of the area, and little ice. Temperatures reached 17 on 11th, and on the following day, Don Kent, Boston meteorologist, reported that temperatures for the winter were exactly normal for the date. March In Mid-January Following this period the weather turned warmer and it was more like mid-March than mid-January. Ice on the bogs melted and there contin- ued no opportunity for ice sanding. Then there were five straight days of below freezing weather, ice was firming up, but en the 22nd came the third "January thaw." Tempera- tures for the month was a minus 26. January Total Slightly Colder There followed what the weather- men called "January Thaw, Four", ibut the month went out in a bitter blast of artic air, and the final read- ing for the month was a minus 18 degrees. It has been exactly nor- mal on the last day of the month. Little Snow This January was a month of very little snow, there was only 4.7 inches as measured at the State Bog. This was in sharp contrast to the January cf 1961 wihen there had been 12.3 inches and the month had totalled a whopping 128 degrees below normal. Rainfall, however, for the month was above normal, 5.20 inches, with the average being 4.10. Ponds, res- ervoirs and streams were well up with water. January Good For Cranberries January on the whole was a favor- able month for the coming crop. There was little snow on what ice there was and there were many days of clear sunshine to reach the vines in ample quantity and would tend to- ward good bud development. Little Ice Sanding As in the previous month, although growers were anxious to, there was little ice sanding possible. Some was done by wheelbarrow and trucks were on the ice briefly at inland Nor- ton. To February 1st comparatively little cf this work had been accom- plished. WISCONSIN Coldest January Since 1924 Snow and cold sums up January in Wisconsin. Snowfall was almost double normal ranging from a total accumulation of 22 inches in the south to 34 in the north. About 2.5 inches of precipitation was recorded compared to a normal of about 1.75 inches. Temperatures were consis- tently cold with most areas report- ing zero or below for half the month compared to half that amount as normal. Average temperatures were about 14 in the south and 10 in the ncrth. These temps were about 6 AGENT FOR WIGGINS AIRWAYS BOG SERVICE AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS HAND SPRAYERS - TOOLS - POWER EQUIPMENT AUTHORIZED BRIGGS AND STRATTON SERVICE CENTER R. F. MORSE & SON, INC. Cranberry Highway West Wareham, Mass. CY 5-1553 degrees below the normal. Only on tihe 25th did temperatures get above freezing mark. Lows of 30 to 35 be- low were recorded in the north on the 11th and 18th. Altogether there were four cold waves dropping down from the Artie to give the coldest January since 1924. All in all it was a continuation of an old fashioned winter and made Wisconsin one of the best iceboxes in the country. The outlook for February was for normal precipitation and tempera- tures, but the main consolation about February is that it is only 28 days long. But Frost Not Deep Despite unusually cold weather frost still had not penetrated to any great depth in most areas due to the continuing heavy snow cover. Snow depth increased in the north during the month and decreased in the south. Some areas reported the heavy snow cover was removing some of the shallow frost. About half of the state still had less than 6 inches of frost, with less th'an one inch in some areas of the northeast and about 24 inches in the northwest. Bare ground or bare ice found con- siderable frost depths. At months end with temps moderating some- what, snow depths varied from 30 inches in the northeast to five inches in the southwest. Little Sanding Done Hampered by heavy snows and cold weather, little sanding was being accomplisihed, but growers were hoping for better conditions during February. Most marshes turn- ed to equipment overhaul and main- tenance during this period. NEW JERSF.Y Jan. Slightly Colder The average temperature during January was 32°, 1.9° colder than normal. However, by comparisan with January, 1961, this could almost be considered mild. Last year we experienced our coldest January, with la temperature averaging only 25.3°, 8.6° colder than normal. The coldest temperature recorded last month was 7° on the 121h and 31st; the warmest was 59° on January 15. Ey contrast January, 1961, had a minimum of 12 below zero and five other below zero readings. Pa'nfall Less Rainfall totaled 2.17 inches, which is 1.14 inches below normal. There vicce only slight traces of snowfall ft Pemberton on three seperate days. However Whitesbog bad an inch of snow on January 1st and Chatsi\vorth recorded close to 4 inches on the C. & L. EQUIPMENT GO 191 LEONARD STREET ACUSHNET, MASS. Cranberry Bog Service PRUNING RAKING FFP.TILIZINC WEED TRIMMING Machinery Sales PRUNERS POWER WHEELBARROWS RAKES W^ED TRIMMERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS - Large & Small For Further Information Caf! . . . F. P. CRANDON H. C. LEONARD Rockwell 3-5526 Wyman 5-3521 C. J. TRIPP Wyman 5-2013 same date. This was quite a contrasi to the snowfall of January of last year when we had 15 inches of snow. The normal for January in Pember- ton is 5 inches. No Oxygen Deficiency Oxygen conditions en cranberry bogs have remained at a high level throughout the month. During a good portion of the middle of the month the bogs were open. WASHINGTON Lew Temperatures, Low Humidity The month of January brcught some of the coldest weather here since the early freeze of November 1955. On several occasions there were cold temperatures accompanied by East winds with low humidity. On the 8th, 9th and 101 h there were East winds with the humidity drop- ping to 15 on the bogs and a low temperature of 21 degrees. On the 18th, 19th and 20th there were these conditions again with the East wind and the low was 16, 7 and 1; again the humidity was low, from 15 to 20 percent. Some Bud Injury There was some bud injury to cranberries, and it was difficult at present for the Cranberry Station to determine how much. The Station was taking bud samples and ex- amining them for injury periodically throughout the winter. Thermostate Sprinkler One of the growers, Norman Brat- ing, has installed on his sprrnklery system an automatic switch con- trolled by a thermostate which starts the sprinkler system whenever the temperature falls below 25 degrees. This will give an excellent oppor- tunity to determine if continuous (Continued on Page 16) CRANBERRY PICKING BOXES Shooks, or Nailed Let me repair your broken boxes — or repair them yourself. Stock Always on Hand F. H. COLE Tel. Union 6-3330 North Carver, Mass. Massachusetts Cranberries and Frost by Chester E. Cross Director Mass. Cranberry Experiment Station The bay state cranberry crop of 1960 amounted to 805,000 barrels (62 bbls. per acre average) and that of 1961 amounted to 490,000 barrels (40 bbls. per acre average). The great difference in the size of the crops is attributable to frost— tile frost of May 30-31, 1961. I have not found anyone who disagrees with this view. Massachusetts is, then, vulnerable to losses from frost. If a frost comes in May or June our growers get hurt, our crop is reduced or destroyed for another year, income is down and profit is gone. Hew have other cranberry-produc- Water Resources ing states handled the frost problem? Suice the devastating frost of May I would like to direct your attention 30th, the Cranberry Station has made 1o the situation in Wisconsin, where frosts are more general and more frequent than they are here. After the first warm days in April, frost is likely to cause damage there. Sev- eral nights every April their bogs must be flooded. May is usually their most difficult month. I visited Wis- consin in 1952 and one of the growers I met said it was necessary to flood his bog 29 nights that May — and the water drained off each morning after the frosty night! They regularly have to flood some nights in June. Only rarely can they get through July and August without frost floods. And the fall frost hazard in Wiscon- sin is fully as great as it is here. How is it, then, they raised 90 bar- rels per acre in 1960 and 100 barrels per acre in 1961? I think the answer is simple: (1) they have invested money enough to be able to control Ihe water level at all times, and (2) they are on the jab every night that frost threatens. This has cost them money, lots of it, and I believe their bogs are capitalized at $2500 to $4000 per acre. How does this compare with the situstion in Massachusetts? Accord- ing to our published surveys, one- third of the Massaohusetts cranberry acreage cannot be protected from frost. Some further acreage could have been protected on last May 30th, but wasn't. How much money has been invested in Massachusetts cranberry bogs? Most of them have 'been purchased or built at $1200 to $1500 per acre. After long thought I am convinced we cannot be com- petitive with other growing areas until We have made the additional capital investment necessary to con- trol the water levels in our bogs quickly, or provided other facilities for complete frost protection. many inquiries into the problem of increasing the water resources of our cranberry growers and into the water handling facilities necessary to use water efficiently and eco- nomically. We have faced the prob- lem of financing this water control. Financial support for developing ade- quate systeims is available to you. If commercial banks are so minded they can and will loan you the money at a reasonable rate and over a suf- ficiently long period for you to pay back out of increased and more con- sistent production. Where banks are hesitant, the Farmers Home Admin- istration of the U,S,D.A. stands ready to finance approved water conserva- tion practices, including sprinkler systems, at reasonable rates and with up to 10 years for repayment. Sound financing is no longer a valid excuse for inadequate frost protec- tion. Our own Prof. J. Stanley Norton has demonstrated with his experi- mental system of overhead sprinklers £t the State Bog that 50 gallons of water per acre per minute is suffici- ent to protect a bog frcm frost in- jury even under conditions as severe as that of May 30, 1961. Under the operating sprinklers even a tempera- ture of 15°F. can be raised to 30°. That so little water can protect so well is very important, for it means that nearly all, if not all, Massa- chusetts growers can develop on their own property sufficient water supplys to protect their bogs from frost. Further, I have been told by the State Conservationist, head of the Soil Conservation Service, that technical assistance in the develop- ment of a grower's water resources is available on request of the grower. These technical services involving surveys of the growers' bog and its relation to the watershed in which it is located, together with plans for reservoirs, farm ponds, dikes, flumes and drainage canals are available on request! Finally, the Agricuitural Conserva- tion Program is available to help share the costs incurred by growers in building farm ponds, dike, flumes, and new drainage ditches— all of which contribute to sound soil or water conservation. Vision, Courage Needed Many growers who have frost pro- tection systems and who used them last spring raised crops of 100 bbls. per acre or more in 1961, regardless of the size of the crop produced in 1960. It remains, therefore, a matter of courage, or vision for Massachu- setts growers to decide whether or not their business of raising cran- berries will be put into a competi- tive position with other states by sound investment, or whether they "will take what comes" and seek employment elsewhere. As I see it, the critical time has arrived, the time for a decision has arrived. Let us see what advantages accure to the "dry bog" owner who invests in a sprinkler system. With such an installation he can prevent frost damage to his crop. The discovery of insects on his bog is no longer so worrisome. In many cases he will be able to feed an insecticide into his sprinkler system and within an hour of discovery, the blackheads or leafhoppers can be dead. He is no longer so dependent on weather conditions, or on someone else for timely control of his pests. For fruit rots he can apply fungicides through his system and raise firm berries. In most cases, the grower's water supply will be adequate, or can be made so, to enable him to irrigate his growing crop during periods of dry weather. Nearly every growing season has some periods longer than 10 days when no rain falls. To such a grower, each year means a har- vest — a harvest of a good crop if not a large one. But the crop is sure — each year will provide him income. Until now it has fluctuated widely — now it is more steady, predictable. Steady, Every- Year Income With a steady, every-year income. Seven the grower can plan for the general betterment of his property. If a per- centage of his annual income can be set aside each year he can plan the gradual rebuilding of out-of-grade bogs. High sections can be levelled according to grades and plans. New varieties of greater productivity can be planted. Small nursery sections of a few rods should first be estab- lished. Varieties with an average cup-count of 75 or less will be pre- ferred. These tend to reduce screen- ing costs since screeners scan and reject fewer berries per barrel, and many of the newer varieties are sounder, more uniform in size and color and make more attractive pro- ducts both fresh and processed. Eventually, bogs can be rebuilt to uniform level Where a minimum amount of water could be used to open the opportunity for water har- vesting. This would eUminate the terrible waste of 20 9f of our crop, as at present in dry harvest, and en- courage subsequent crop increases by reducing mechanical injury to vines and roots. I repeat, the one thing needful to the Massachusetts grower is frost protection. With it he acquires an assured annual income from which many things are possible and without it, it is a matter of time until he looks elsewhere for his livelihood. Costs Low gallonage sprinkler systems can be installed for $450 to $700 an acre. S3me growers will be able to get electric power at a rate that will be feasible. Prof. Norton has design- ed one 3-acre system which requires only a 5 H.P. motor. With electricity comes the possibility of reliable ther- mostatic control. The sprinkler sys- tem may also be used to ice-in the bog for winter protection, thus avoid- ing the oxygen problem. The installa- tion of sprinkler systems on a dry bog should pay for itself in three years by increasing the size of the crop. In my opinion there are few other investments likely to prove as profitable as this one. A final word to those who have flood frost protection systems. Many of these systems require many hours to produce a flood deep enough to protect vines and blossom buds. The installation of larger flumes or lar- ger or extra pumps could make the Eight system more reliable. But it is prob- ably equally true that more berries have been lost by tardy withdrawal of frost floods than have been lost to frost. This positively indicates the need for the same structures in re- verse. More growers should be pump- ing back frost floods in their reser- voirs, to conserve the water for sub- sequent frosts, and to reduce the prevalent tendency to "hold-over" a frost flow from one night to the next. It is clear that we do not have full control of the water level until we can use it for frost protection at night, and lower it for dramage (for weed suppression and cranberry root stimulation) in the daytime. Mass. Situation Critical Beheve me, our business has reach, ed a critical point. I have mdicated as best I can the direction I think you should talie. If you invest in the water handling facilities which I re- gard as essential to efficient cran- berry production ( I think your whole cranberry investment will become more sound, and your future more prosperous and interesting. Simazine, New Cranberry Weed Killer (1) by I. E. Demoranville and C. E. Cross (2) have not been very effective. Simazine is slow acting and grow- ers should not expect visual results for 2 or 3 weeks. Visible injury to vines usually takes about a week longer to appeare. Vine injury starts as a browning on the margins cf the new leaves, gradually spreading through the entire leaf. Severe in- jury shows as a browning of the old leaves after nearly all new leaves are dead. Vines will recover unless very high concentrations have been used. Flash flooding will reduce vine injury by leaching the chemical cut of the roct zone. Cranberry vines will not tolerate an overdose of Si- mazine, so the grower should be careful to avoid excess amounts. Thin or very weak vines will not to- erate as much cf this material as liealthy vines and may show some leaf injury, usually minor, at the rate of 3% pounds per acre. Occas- ionally visual symptoms of vine in- jury are not apparent after an over- dose has been used. However, the crop can be eliminated by an over- dose even though the vines appear healthy. Bogs sanded the previucs fall should tolerate the recommended amounts. Immature bogs and those with thin or weak vines are the only ones likely to show injury from re- commended rates. The following weeds are control- led by Simazine in Massachusetts: summer grass, cut grass, morning glory, manna grass, sand spurrey. cinquefoil, warty panic grass, rag- weed, pitchforks, some upland grass- es, and fireweed. To control sum- mer grass, use at the rate of 3^4 Simazine was registered for use on cranberries, oranges, grapes and pineapples by the U. S. Department of Agriculture in the fall of 1961. That portion of the official accept- ance of interest to cranberry grow- ers reads as follows: "Apply 2yo lbs. of Simazine SOW per acre as a broadcast spray in spring prior to weed emergence for control of annual broadleaf weeds and grass- es. In Massachusetts, apply up to 5 lbs. cf Simazine SOW per acre prior to weed emergence, broadcast in the s-rri- J prior to cranberry new growth or in the fall after harvest." It sihculd be noted that ether areco rtught and were granted aprcval to use oily half as much Simazine per rcre as Massachusetts, and for us5 r-'l - in the s-rin"? before weed em- The 80', wettable powder (SOW) ■-, '.'^p rnlv formulation recommend- ed rn-' all amounts specified are in .■,..!<:; P31- 231-6 of the SOW Simazine. AH treatments should be applied as ? sprav at the rate of 300 gallons per pcre with constant agitation. This material acts through the soil, the weed roots or germinating seed pick- iiT up the chemical from the soil, rather than from leaf absorption; therefore, thorough wetting of the soil, good coverage and even distri- bution is important. Lew gallonago sprays or granular formulations 1. Contribution No. 7 of the Cran- berry Experiment Station, Univer- sity of Massachusetts, East Ware- ham. 2. Instructor and Head of Department pounds per acre after harvest or in early spring from the first week in April to the start of new growth on vines. Both times of application give excellent control of estaiblished clumps, but the spring application also controls germinating summer grass seed during the growing sea- son. Excellent control of established clumps results if the material is ap- plied 2 to 3 weeks before putting back the "late water" flood. Vines are more sensitive after removal of "late water" and will tolerate only 2^/^ pounds per acre at that time. Summer grass is only partially con- trolled by Simazine treatment after "late water". The only time that cut grass can be controlled with Simazine is be- fore the grass emerges from the soil in the spring. The material should be apiplied at from 3% to 5 pounds per acre net later than the first week in May and preferably earlier. Treaments after cut grass emerges from the soil will be a waste of time and money. This treatment will give good commercial control but some cut grass plants usually survive. To control morning glory, the material should be applied at the rate of 5 pounds per acre during the first half of May but before the morning glory has started its seasonal growth. If applied later, the control will be greatly decreased. Annual weeds such as ragweed, pitchforks, warty panic grass and fireweed are controllsd by applying 3% pounds per acre during April, preferably tlhe last half of the month. Simazine will not control this group of weeds if applied before or after "late water". This material does not control crab grass and does only a fair job on corn and barnyard grasses. Cinquefoil can be control- led by applying 3% to 5 pounds per acre in late April or the first week of May. Certain types of upland grasses will be controlled in the spring or after harvest by applying 3% to 5 pounds per acre. Because of the many types of grass in this group, each grower will have to ex- periment on his own type of upland grass. Manna grass and sand spurrey can only be controlled immediately after "late water", using 2^/^ pounds per acre of this material. Growers should be careful not to use more than this amount as vines are very sensitive at this time. Good seasonal control of many an- nual weeds will result if Simazine is applied in the spring at 3% pounds per acre on new plantings. This sihould be applied immediately after the area is planted. By delaying the apphcation for as little as one week, severe injury and probable killing of the vines will result. One and two year plantings are very susceptible and should not be treated. The following weeds are not con- trcUed by Simazine in Massachu- setts: loosestrife, needle grass, horsetail, nut grass, wild bean, saw brier, carex, chokeberry, marsh St. Johns-wort, aster, poison ivy, hairy panic grass, white violets, ferns, crab grass, mosses and ditch weeds. Sorrel and dodder control is at best fair and unreliable. Simazine can be a most valuable tool for the grower in solving some weed control problems. To take full advantage of Simazine, the grower m'ust be careful to use the right amount at the right time and distri- bute the spray as evenly as possible. Wisconsin Growers Hold Annual Meet A. E. Bark of Wisconsin Rapids was elected president of Wisconsin State Cranberry Growers' Associa- tion last month at the annual meet- ing and election of officers. He suc- ceeds Dr. Phileo Nash of Wisconsin Rapids who is now in government work in Washington. Mr. Bark was succeeded as vice president by Ben Pannkuk, president of Indian Trail Foods, Inc. of Wis- consin Rapids. Dr. George GUngbeil of Madison was re-elected secretary- treasurer. Approximately 125 were in atten- dance at the meeting in the audi- torium of the Wood County Court- house on a cold and snowy day. A proposal that an assessment of 2 cents per barrel be levied on Wis- consin growers to finance a 5-year program through Wisconsin Univer- sity's college of agriculture found favor when it was learned that a marketing order method could be used. Marketing orders permit estab- lishment of self-help programs for farm commodities on an industry- wide basis. Enabling laws vary some between federal and state. But they generally provide for creation of regulations governing marketing, re- search, promotion and grade stand- ards through majority vote of grow- ers and handlers of a crop. A committee report that the estab- lishment of a Wisconsin cranberry experiment station was only a re- mote possibility prompted the as- sociation to look to the marketing order method. Fiinds to pay the U.S. Weather Bureau for the cranberry frost warning service might also be raised through a per barrel check-off, the growers decided. Dr. M. N, Dana Dr. M. N. Dana, Dept. of Horticid- ( Continued on Page 12) The NEW KIEKENS 4-Way Knapsack Duster Mist-Sprayer Wet Duster Granule Spreader KWH-25-TT MODEL ASK FOR DEMONSTRATION THE CHARLES W. HARRIS COMPANY 451 OLD SOMERSET AVENUE NORTH DIGHTON Cape Cod Woman Operates And Does Own Hard Work On Her Cranberry Bog She is Mrs. Miriam L. Eaton with bog at Centerville of near- ly two acres — frosts and sands. — She is a nurse and a grandmother. By Clarence J. Hall There are a few women who own and "operate" their own cranberry prop- erties. There are fewer still who, not only own and operate their own bogs, but who do all, or practically all "the hard manual labor involved. One of the latter such is Mrs. Miriam L. Eaton of Osterville, Massachu- setts. She has a "gem" of a bog, not quite two acres in extent on Route 28 in Centerville. On this she gets excellent production, attesting to her prow- ress as a cranberry grower and also her ability to do the hard work neces- sary. Her top production has been 208 barrels for the two acres and her av- erage she estimates as about 125 barrels. This is fine production for any cranberry area and well above the Massachusetts state average of about 45 barrels to the acre. "It should be 150 barrels," she says, "at least, every year. That's what I am shooting for, but it is hard to get every year." Is a Grandmother Although she does not look it nor act it, Mrs. Eaton is six times a grandmotllier. Yet she does the heaviest taskc suoh as sanding. She has been a grower for about 25 years and hopped into the work, lit- erally with both feet from the very start. This is no new piece of bog on which Mrs. Eaton is getting such fine production, but it has been en- tirely rebuilt since she began work. The bog, she says, is at least 90 years old. It was built by her grand- fat.ier, Everett Childs cf Osterville for outside the family interests. He was a cranberry bog builder and he layed out roads and built them in the Centerville-Osterville region. "These were not straight roads such as are built today, but they went around the little hills rather than ov- er or through them, she says. Was a Dry Bog That matter of being a dry bog to- day, however, is no longer true. Mrs. Eaton took care of tihat some years ago by putting in a sprinkler system. In the old days the bog was hard to get to, and ^e recalls the stories of the trouble in getting the berries away and to market in the fall. Empty picking boxes were loaded on wheelbarrows or sometimes a wagon, then transferred to a boat which ran across East Bay and then up Bump's River and again trans- ferred to land transportation. The process was reversed v/ith the load- ed harvest boxes v.'hen they were taken for screening to a property at Osterville now owned by John Shields, well known Cape grower. Grandfather a Bog Builder Cranberries were more or less in the blood of Mrs. Eaton. Her grand- father was a bog builder. A great aunt, Mrs. Drusilla WMtford, owned bogs. Her father, Bernard Ames, used to pick cranberries. When her husband, John V/. Eaton, v,'hD died in June of 1945, decided about 25 years ago he wanted to own a piece of bog and become a cran- berry grower, Mrs. Eaton made up her mind to one thing. That was that if Mr. Eaton was to be a cranberry grower, "I wanted him to have the best bag on Cape Cod, and I was de- termined to help him in this all I could." The bog at that time was one of an acre and a third. It had been i A view of the "Gem" of a bog of Mrs. Eaton at Centerville, (CRANBERRIES Photo) Another view of the [Eaton bog showing spiinikler in center. (Cranberries Photo) permitted to go back to nature and was scarcely even a bog at all. There were patches of vines here and there. All over it, slhe says, there were rather big pine trees. We cvi them down. "My husband would cut one tree. I would cut an- other. We were both green at cran- berry growing then, but we knew what we wanted to do and we asked questions and learned." This was during the depression and some help was used in rebuilding the old bog and enlarging it to its present size. In fact, most of the work at this time, digging ditches, clearing up, sanding and planting was done by outside help. How- ever, she 'herself, weeded all the first summer. Good Crop the 7th Year The first year there was an in- festation of gypsy moth but this was overcome by fuel oil in the ditches and siprayinig. Then there was a year of drought and then there was a year of frost. It was not until t!he 7th year of operations that the Eat- ons got a crop. Mrs. Eaton is a determined cran- berry grower. She did not intend to lose her crops to frost. Her father was Osterville fire chief and she ob- tained the use of a fire pumper, and with his assistance, taking water from the ditches she got water onto the bog on frost nights. Her father ran the engine while she carried the hose around the bog. Installed Irrigation in 1948 In 1948 she bought an army sur- plus Jeep engine and had a sump dug, as the fire engine was cnly a temporary arrangement. In that same year she had set up irriga- tion pipe and had installed a big Buckner wide area sprinkler head and two smaller heads. Although for a time she employed helicopters to apply insecticides she found out the insecticides could be applied through the sprinkler heads and that became the program. This also appUed to fungicides. She kept on hand weeding. "I can't abide to see weeds on the bog," she declares. There was moreover some kerosene work for grasses. Bog Weed Free Today the bog is almost entirely free of weeds, but she still pulls 'em when they appear. There were a few sand pits on the picperty, and Mrs. Eaton turned to and did her own sanding, with planks and wheelbarrows. The sand was not of the best and now she buys sand and has it piled on the shores. This is a little easier than digging it out of the pits, but it was she who still wheeled and spread it. She sanded last spring. Does Own Frost Work She does her own frost work. She goes to the bog alone. At first she admits she was a little tim- id at being at the bog alone at night, and she carried a gun a few times. Now she applies the water for about 20 minutes and watches the temper- atures. She does not want to use more water than necessary. Depend- ing upon the temperature she puts on the water anywhere from one to four or five times. She stays all night, as often she finds the coldest time is after sunrise. In the morn- ing the bog is white with ice. Frost nights are a lonely vigil for her. But she has neighbors who are also frosting on their own bogs near- by. She goes to the bog of Victor Adams and of Wallace Ryder, and they come to hers. Mrs. Eaton sells her crop through Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. She is a member of that organization and also the Cape Cod Cranberry Association. She also attends meet- ings of the Cape Cod Cranberry Club. She is a real cranberry grower, understanding the problems of cran- berry growing. Is a Nurse She was born in Centerville. When she was a child, her family went for a time to New Hampshire and she lived there. They returned to Os- terville. She went to the schools in Centerville and to Barnstable High School at Hyannis, Centerville and Osterville being parts of the town of Barnstable Then she went to the Massachusetts General Hospital and trained for nursing, but had to leave because of illness. Later sihe went tD Sunnyside Hospital in Somerville, Mass. Tcday she is an attendant nurse at Sunset Manor Rest Home near Hyannis. She finds sufficient time to work on the beg. She and her father do all the har- vesting with a Western Picker. Some- times it is she who operates the ma- chine, while the other carries off the harvested fruit. She has two daughters, Mrs. John Harmon of West Yarmouth, who has four children, and Mrs. William Ri- sen of Louisville, Kentucky, who has two children. Has Bees for Pollination . She has a road all around the bog and shores are clean of underibrush and trees. She does not miss a trick in good cranberry growing and owns two hives of bees. Likes To See Bog Look Good "I've put so much work into the bog," she asserts, "that I just can't give up cranberry growing. Neither can I permit the bog to become weedy. I like to see the beg look good. When you have put as much work into a thing as I have in this bog, you simply have to keep it as near perfect as you can get it." Her production is valid proof that she does an excellent jc'o of cran- berry growing, being a woman not- withstanding. SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES Wisconsin Meeting (Continued from Page 9) ture, U. of Wis., outlined the vari- ous herbicides that are cleared for use in Wisconsin. They are as fol- lows: Petroleum oils, ferrous sulfate, 2,4— D granules, Simazine, and Dala- pon. He stated there was still label clearance for amitrole, but cautioned use of this material as restricted by selling organizations. He reviewed the toxcity reports he had run by the Wis. Alumni Research Foundation on amitrole and 2,4— D granules and swabbing. He also re- ported he had been testing several new herbicides in the field and has found several quite promising. He continued saying no reccimmsnda- tions on these new herbicides would be made until they had been cleared by the FDA and USDA. Dr. D. M. Boone, Dept. il Plant Pathology, U. of Wis., reported on fungicidal erperiments he carried en the past 3 years. Test plots were applied in -a number of locations at different rates and at different dates. He stated that it appeared impos- sible to get complete berry rot con- trol, but he was very successful in getting almost complete control of skin spot fungus. Best control on storage rots was obtained with Man- eb applying 6 lbs. 'A, three appli- cations commencing the middle of July, the second the end of July and the third the middle of August. For berry skin spot control he found the same amount of Maneb applied the latter part of July, the middle of August and the latter part of August gave excellent control. He stated that culture tests seem to indicate most berry inoculation came after bloom with the highest incidence in Septeartber. He sug- gested growers continuing with bor- deau mixture if they have been re- ceiving good control. Along with the previous mentioned fungicides, he stated that ferbam and copper sprays were cleared for fungicidal use in Wisconsin. Dr, Nash, Retiring Grower's President In Public Affairs Dr. Philleo Nash, retiring presi- dent of the Wisconsin State Cran- berry Growers Associati':n has had a long and prominent life in public affairs, as well as in the cranberry industry. At present, he is engaged as a consultant to the Secretary of the Interior at Washington, D. C. He was born October 25, 1909 at Wisconsin Rapids, the son of the late Guy Nesh, who was long a leader in the Wisconsin cranberry industry. Guy Nash was the founder and pres- ident of the Biron Cranberry Comp- any of Wisconsin Rapids. His mo- ther was Florence Bell Philleo, wiho c'ied in 1943. She was very active in Women's Clubs, a life-long organ- ist, and member of the First Congre- gational Church of Wisconsin Rapids. Both the Nash and Philleo families were pioneers in Central Wisconsin. Dr. Nash when at home makes his residence at 1310 Third St., South, Wisconsin Rapids. He was married in 1935 to Edith Rosenfeld, Oak Park, Illinois and the couple have two children, Margaret and Sally. He was a graduate of Lincoln High School, Wisconsin Rapids, and was graduated as an A.B. from the University of Wisconsin in 1931 and obtained a degree of Ph. D. in an- thropology from the University of Chicago in 1937. He is a member of Theto Delta Cilii Cosmos Club (Washington, D.C.) Sigma Ki (Honorary Science Society) American Antliropo logical Associa- tion, Washington Anthropological So- ciety. He was a lecturer in Anthropology. I University of Toronto, Canada from 1937-1941; special lecturer Univer- sity of Wisconsin 1941-1942, anthrc- p^ligical consultant, Washington, 1953-1954. He was vice president and mem- ber of board of directors Biron Cran- berry Company, 1928-46, m^anager, 1941-42 and president in 1946. His sister. Miss Jean Nash, operates the Biron company and is well known in the cranberry industry, particu- larly in Wisconsin. His government services include, head, groups and organizations sec- tion, Bureau of Intelligence, office of facts and figures, 1942-43; assist- ant deputy director Democratic Op- erations Branch, office of War In- formation, 1943-44; White House lia- son, 1943-46; special assistant to di- rector of domestic operations, DWI, 1944-45; special assistant, director of OWI, 1945-46; special assistant the White House office, 1946-48; special assistant in the White House, 1948- 52; administrative lassistant to the President of the United States, 1952- 53; alternate delegate, Democratic National Convention, 1956. He was elected Lieutenant Governor of the State of Wisconsin in 1958. He was vice chairman. Advisory committee on Civil Rights National Democratic Council 1960. He has written articles including "Enemy Japan" -OWI pamphlet, 1945; "The Command of Negro Troops", Training Division U.S. Army, 1945; "Final Report of Presi- dent's Committee on Fair Employ- ment Practicies, "U.S. Gov. Printing Office, 1946; Spanish Speaking Ameri- cans in the War," office of Inter- American Affairs, 1944. In 1955 he served a term as state cbakman of the Democratic Party of Wisconsin. In 1960 a rsolution was passed by the state Senate com- mending Lt. Gov. Nash for his out- standing service as second highest state official and president of the Senate. lIHilllBIWI IIHII lllllBlilHIIHIIIHIIIHIIIIi READ CRANBERRIES MAGAZINE liyiBllliHIIUBilllHIIIIHIlllHIIIIHIIIIHyyHHHIlD High Yields In Washington Bogs by D. J. Crowley (Retired Director Washington State Cranberry Experiment Station) The 1981 cranberry crop in the state of Washington exceeded 139,000 barrels. This was by far the largest crop ever produced in the Washing- tan bogs. The increase in the size of the crop is noteworthy, because it was obtained by increasing the pro- duction on the regular commercial screage. Almost invariably when the size of the crop in any of the cranberry crease, one or more of the following factors is involved: (1) An unusually favorable, frost free growing season in Which growing states shows a sharp in- marginal bogs produce crops. (2) A considerable number of new acres coming into production, (3) Old bogs reclaimed from weeds or other troubles coming back into production. None of the reasons hsted above were factors in the Washington crop. The early part of the growing season was rather unfavorable, with more frosty nights than in an average yciar. In late May when most of the vines were in the hook stage, the temperature dropped to 25 °F. on four consecutive nights. As a result of these frosts only a few bogs with- out Si^zrinklers produced a crop. Most growers realize that a good growing season does not necessarily produce a good crop. The fruit bud set from the previous year is prob- ably as important as the growing season. At the growers annual meeting held at Long Beach early in April, 1961 Ambrose Stevens, Ocean Spray gen- eral Manager inquired as to the crop prospects for 1961. The esti- mate given him by Wilho Ross, Man- ager of the Ocean Spray plant at Markham, was 100,000 barrels for Washington. This pre-season estimate for a better than average crop was based on the excellent set of fruit buds on most of the bogs. Though the growers had to sprinkle for numerous frosts, the vines reach- ed full bloom early in June. Warm, dry weather with low humidity pre- vailed throughout blossom time. Whether the pollen was more plenti- ful than usual is problematical al- though it was much more noticeable. Growers frequently commented on the fact that their hands were dusted with pollen when they reached through the vines to pull weeds. With the abundance of dry pollen and fairly strong winds each day, it was very obvious that windblo'wn pollen played an important part in poUina- tion. Because of the dry and warmer weather honey bees worked on the bogs all through the blossom period. They are usually quite scarce in Washington bogs These favorable factors during blcsscming time resulted in an ex- ceptionaly heavy set of berries. Growers prebarvest estimates of the crop had to be revised upward as the harvest proceeded. Several small bogs produced more than 300 biarrels per acre. Larger bogs of 8 to 10 acres averaged from 250 to 280 bar- rels per acre. Even in the very large acreage (100 or more) where a great- er variation may be expected, the yield averaged close to 180 barrels per acre. Those yields are not esti- mates but actual barrels delivered at the Ocean Spray receiving sta- tions. Why some bogs produced 300 barrels and adjacent bogs only 200 can probably be explained by the difference in fruit bud set from the previous year. In summarizing I would say three factors made this exceptional crop: (1) An excellent set of fruit buds from 1960. (2) Grower vigilance to prevent bud injury from early season frosts. (3) Favorable conditions during blossom time. The first two of these factors are to a large extent a matter of good management. If they are watched closely, the effect of weather con- ditions during the growing season may prove to be the least import- ant of the three. For Ease In Grub Control and Fertilization Plan Now to Use Field-Tested DIELDRIN-FERTILIZER COMBINATION For Further Information Contact: R. F. MORSE & SON Inc. CRANBERRY HIGHWAY West Wareham, Massachusetts CY 5-1553 <^sjal5 ISSUE OF FEBRUARY, 1962 VOL 26 - NO. 10 (^ ^;^HAic«A«o»rA^^^ ATTENTION MASSACHUSETTS AND OTHER GROWERS The article by Dr. C. E. Cross, direc- tor of Massachusetts Cranberry Experi- ment Station, and the talks he gave before the Massachusetts cranberry clubs make up imperative information for Massachu- setts growers, and others. He says the sit- uation in that state is now at a ''critical" point. Few would disagree with this hold- ing. Massachusetts has not been going ahead. Other areas have, notably Wisconsin. Washington had its largest crop ever in 1961. New Jersey is growing more cran- berries on less acreage, and seems to be going in more intensively for the method of water raking so successfully used in Wisconsin. Dr. Cross believes that since the grow- ers of Massachusetts are not going ehead, they are going behind. This is correct. Nothing is stationary. If there is no gain, there must be loss. He points out explicitly how the grow- ers of the Bay State consistently lose ber- ries through frosts. He points to the ex- treme example of last May 30-31 when there was a loss which has been estimated as at least 200,000 barrels to the growers of the state. He explains how frost "insurance" can be obtained through sprinkler systems. This will cost money. But perhaps not as much as most growers might expect. Mon- ey is available if not through regular com- mercial banks then through Farmers' Home Administration of the USDA. He is convinced that it will take only a few years of increased crops before this mon- ey will be returned to the grower. With the danger of frost eliminated, if the grow- er is on the alert on frost nights, he will have an assured yearly-income. This can be used to put his bog in better and more productive condition. Technical assist- ance in the development of a growers' water resources is available from Soil Con- servation Service. Also through the Agri- cultural Conservation Program help in sharing costs is available in the building of ponds, dikes, flumes and new drainage ditches. All this makes good sense. CLARENCE J. HALL Editor and Publisher EDITH S. HALI^Associate Editor Wareham, Massachusetts SUBSCRIPTIONS, $3.50 Per Year, FOREIGN, $4.50 CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin LEO A. SORENSON Cranberry Consultant Wisconsin Rapids Wisconsin Washington Dr. CHARLES C. DOUGHTY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. Oregon GRANT SCOTT Coquille, Ore. Massachusetts Dr. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. New Jersey P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey THAT WASHINGTON CROP Congratulations go out to the State of Washington for its largest crop ever. Sev- eral bogs produced 300 barrels or more to the acre. These were mostly smaller bogs. Larger holdings raised 250-280 barrels per acre. Few, if any holdings, grew less than 150 barrels to the acre. This is excellent production. D. J. Crowley in an article in this issue points out that ths was due in part only to favor- able growing conditions. The big crop was due in part to the ability and alertness of the growers themselves. Bandon, Oregon Gets Cold, Snow Bandon, Oregon, the center of that state's cranberry belt got seme un- usually cold weather in late January. Lowest official temperature at Ban- con was 20 above. There were re- ports of 17 at North Bend. 14 at Pow- ers. There were unofficial readings at Bandcn down to 15. Fndian Trail, Inc, Adds New Line Indian Trail. Inc.. of Wisconsin Rapids. Wisconsin is test-marketing a new product which is a cranberry- crar.ge marmalade, which it be- lieves will be highly successful. In- dian Trail had a good year and mcved its fresh crop at a good price, and has become more active in the canned line. It is beginning to move its cranberry juice line. A short time ago Willard ■•Bill"" Schultz joined the sales force as manager of processed merchandise. He has had lai-ge experience in the food field. Paul E. Thompson Paul Ellis Thompson of Cocmbs street, Lakeville. Massachusetts pass- ed away February 3 at SL Anthony Hospital. St. Petersbiu-g, Florida. He was 74. For many yeai-s he was a promi- nent cranberry grower of IMassa- chusetts and a former director of the now defunct New England Cran- berry Sales Company. He was active in the affairs of that body, of the affairs of Cape Cod Cranberrj' Grow- ers' Association and of cranberry affairs in general. Born in Medford. Massachusetts, son of the late A. J. Thompson and Nellie (Mayo) Thompson he was graduated from Wilbraham Academy and attended Massachusetts Insti- tute of Technology. He went to Mid- dleboro. Mass. in 1910 and resided on Cedar street there. After retiring as a cranben-y gi'ower three years ago he moved to Lakeville. He attended First Congregational Church in Middleboro. He was a member of Maj'f lower Lodge, A.F. 1 A.M.. and was past high priest of Old Colony Royal Arch Chapter of Middleboro. He held membership in Brockton Council of Royal and Se- lect Masters. Bay State Comman- dery 38. Knights of Templar of Brock- ton; Aleppo Temple. Order of the Siu'ine and was a past president of the Middleboro Lions Club. He is survived by his widow. Mrs. Gertrude (Wetsell) Thompson, two daughters, three grandchildren and one great grandchild. Hearings (Continued from page 4) poned about two weeks. Target dates for the hearings have been set. but as tliis goes to press tliey were not definite. These are Massachusetts. Ware- ham, March 26, 27, 28; New Jersey, at Mt. Holly. March 30; Wisconsin. Wisconsin Rapids. April 2 and West Coast, at Long Beach. Washington. April 6. The production areas as proposed are for the states of Massachusetts. Rliode Island. Connecticut. New Jer- sey. Wisconsin. Michigan, Oregon. Washington and Long Island. New York. There are divided into four districts; Rhode Island and Connecti- cut with Massachusetts; New Jersey and Long Island; Wisconsin and Michigan and the West Coast states. The act may establish an admin- istrative body made up of seven members, each of whom shall have an alternate; these to be growers cr employees of growers. Four of the members are to be growers or em- ployees affiliated with a coopera- tive markeiiing organization handling SHARON BOX COIVIPANY, INC. F.ST.-\BLISHED 1S56 SHARON, MASSACHUSETTS We Will Buy Your White Pine Logs, Either Standing' or Cut • Highest Prices Paid • Sawmill located at North Carver. Mass. Office Phones: Sh-..o:i. 5U 4-2011 Carver. UN 6-2234 -3 or more of the crops. Each dis- trict shall be represented by at least one member and one alternate. A draft of the proposed Marketing Order for cranberries together with a bulletin issued by the UDDA on Marketing Agreements has been sent to all known cranberry growers and a summary of the Order Program is being prepared for sending to all growers. The Bulletin declares that mar- keting agreements and order pro- grams are authorized under the Agricultural Agreement act of 1937. Marketing orders are designed to improve returns to growers through orderly marketing. They are self-help programs through which fruit and vegetable growers can work together to solve marketing programs that cannot be solved individually. An Order allows research and de- velopment projects. A provision al- lows the industry to use marketing order funds to set up marketing re- search and development projects Wiiich will improve the market ing, distribution and consumption of the commodity. Marketing orders regulate hand- ling for the benefit of the producer. Fresh From The Fields (Continued from page 6) sprinkling throughout the winter is of much benefit. Temperature Control Studies There are times when the bogs dc need protection during the winter, and these are times when there is the East wind. Protection is not needed pai-ticularly against low tem- peratures; it is against the humidity. The Station is running temperature studies on cranberry buds with a controlled temperature cabinet to determine just how low a tempera- ture the buds will stand at various stages of growth. Not much winter work is going on with the exception of priming dur- ing the periods of good weather. By the first of Februan- much of this work had been finished. A complete line of Sprinkler Irriga- 1 tion for Frost and Drought Protec- | tion Can or Will Help Finance FRANKES IRRIGATION 523 Post Rd . (Hy. 51 So.) Stevens Pol nt. Wisconsin SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS FOR SALE SEARLES JUMBO HOWES, McFARLIN Vines for delivery in 1962 $125.00 Ton F.O.B. INTERESTED IN PURCHASING WISCONSIN CRANBERRY PROPERTIES «****«4 Vernon Goldsworthy B.S. & M.S. University of Wisconsin Cranberry Consultant Fees Reasonable EAGLE RIVER WISCONSIN OUR PRODUCTS Strained Cranberry Sauce Whole Cranberry Sauce Cransweets Diced Cransweets Cranberry Apple Sauce Cranberry-Strawberry Preserves Cranberry-Cherry Preserves Cranberry-Pineapple Preserves Cranberry-Raspberry Preserves Cranberry-Rhubarb Preserves Cranberry-Gooseberry Preserves Sliced and Whole Mi Spiced Cranberries Cranberry Chilli Sauce Cranberry Bar-B-Q Sauce Cranberry Orange Relish Vinegar Juice Cranberry Cranberry Cran-Beri Cran-Vari Cran-Puri Cranberry Puree Cran-Bake raschino Cranberries Consumer Size &. Bulk Fresh Cranberries Cranberry Products, Inc. EAGLE RIVER, WISCONSIN DANA MACHINE & SUPPLY Co. Wis. Rapids Wis. MFGS. of: SPRAY BOOMS GRASS CLIPPERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS Getsinger Retracto tooth pickers Dryers DiSTR. of: VEE BELTS & PULLEYS ROLLER CHAINS SPROCKETS & BEARINGS CONVEYOR BELTING STEEL CORRUGATED CULVERT PIPE and FLOW GATES FelkerBros. Mfg.Co. MARSKFiELD WISCONSIN Phone 230 - 231 WISCONSIN CRANBERRY GROWERS are using more Signature Fertilizer year after year • Pelletized • Homogeneous • Dustless • Free-Flowing • 50 lb. Bags E. RAUH & SONS FERTILIZER CO. Indianapolis & Plymouth, Ind. You; Foreman Deserves A Subscription to Cranberries; too YOU Are reading this ad. Others will read yours in CRANBERRIES Magazine f I r'^%- <,.^^O^^.acv Oct' ^ ^ ot \\>'' . „vCt^ ^^^^ W^ ¥ ^^^ \ YO 9 :'M^f\ 1 hf^'^i.- lows WHtN Ifuu uKOr AND SELLTHROUi OCEAN SPRAY CRANBERRIES. INC jRVINC A $20,000,000 A. YEAR INDUSTRY t i K i\ A I :ape cod new jersey wisconsin OREGON WASHINGTON CANADA ALVIN H. CROCKER, Cape Grower is Tractor "Hobbiest." (CRANBERRIES 35 Cents MARCH 1962 DIRECTORY For CRANBERRY GROWERS Wdrcester Paper Box Corporation MEDFORD, MASS. Tel. MYstic 8-5305 Manufacturers of Folding Cartons and Displays WATER WHITE KEROSENE For use on Cranberry Bogs Also STODDARD SOLVENT Prompt Delivery Service Franconia Coal Co. — Inc. — Wareham, Mass. Tel. CY 5-0039 PREFABRICATED FLUMES Straighrline Pumps Bog Railroads For Rent CONSULTANT On Water Problems RUSSELL A. TRUFANT North Carver, Mass. Tel. L. -ion 6-3695 The iCHARLES W. HARRIS Company 451 Old Somerset Ave. North Dighton, Mass. AMES Irrigation Systems Sprinklers Weed killers Insecticides Fungicides from Kiekens - Duster and Sprayers Wareham Savings Bank WAREHAM and FALMOUTH Savings Accounts Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent Phone CYpress 5-3800 Kimball 8-3000 The National Bank of Wareham Conveniently located for Cranberry Men Funds always available for sound loans EQUIPMENT HAYDEN - SEPARATOR - WAREHAM, MASS. Irrigation Systems PUMPS SEPARATORS - BLOWERS SCREENHOUSE EQUIPMENT DARLINGTON PICKING MACHINES Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK ALFRED PAPPI At 'Screenhouses. Boss and Pumps Means Satisfaction WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. CY 5-2000 Complete Banking Service SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES Member Federal Deposit ln»urance Corp. Market Orders Discussed At Mass. Meetings A Marketing Agreement and Order for cranberries was the chief topic at the February meetings of the Massachusetts cranberry clubs, the Cape Cod, at Barnstable, South Shore at Kingston and Southeastern at Ro- chester. Principal speaker was George C. P. Olsson, Institute direc- tor and president of Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. In his talk (which is printed in full elsewhere in this issue) he said that while he was in principal opposed to government controls, he firmly believed that such an order was necessary for the best interests of the cranberry industry at the present time. Other speakers in question and answer period, favoruig the adoption of this vehicle included Marcus M. Urann secretary-treasurer of the In- stitute, Gilbert T. Beaton of Ocean Spray and Chester W. Robbins, treas- urer of Ocean Spray. There was strongly divided opinion. Some op^ posed the measure for various rea- sons, including reluctance to Fed- eral controls, and on the ground that a seven-man industry committee and the Secretary of Agriculture were given virtual control of the industry. Some said they wanted more time to study the proposal. Cranberry Specialist J. Richard Beattie and Irving E. Demoranville of the Cranberry Station gave their usual report on "1961 Quahty Con- trol and Consumer Research," which included reports of fresh fruit studies in several cities. Beattie said that on his November trip to several mid-western cities it was clear the "cranberry scare" wajs apparently over among the cranberry trade and it was obvious this was over and done with when he made his second trip in Decem- ber. He said there was good accep- tance despite much fruit of poorer quality. He said the trade seemed to prefer berries not too dark in color as consumers suspected they might not be in the best condition. MARCH 1962 MARCH FORWARD INTO ANOTHER SPRING AND ACTIVE SEASON, HAVE — ELECTRICITY — AT YOUR BECK AND CALL, IN YOUR CRAN- BERRY WORK — IN YOUR HOME. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM ~ PLYMOUTH CYpress 5-0200 Pilgrim 6-1300 He told how the quality' studies were the result of team work at the Cranberry Station. Demoranville said the studies bad two objectives, one to study the effects of fungicides on sheK hfe and in storage, and two, to test the effect of water harvest as against dry pickmg. Packing house samples showed 3.7 percent of unusable ber- ries. He said that was only a Uttle higher than the desired 3 percent. He said the Early Blacks did a Uttle better than the Howes. On Early Black berries there was a 15 percent loss and Howes was 17.7. On Early Blacks in water har- vest the percent of unusable was 12.5 and dry 17.5; on fungicide treated berries it was 13.6 and on untreated 16.5. On Howes it was wet raked 18,1 and dry 17.3; on treated vines 16.7 and on untreated 18.8. The wet harvested berries, which were hand- led the same day as harvested, stood up very well in quality. Beattie told of results of a post card questionaire sent cut to con- sumers. This showed that 75 percent preferred to use fresh' cranberries as cranberry sauce, 49 percent relish, 20 percent cranberry bread, 16 per- cent salads, 4 percent jellies. FARMERS PRODUCTION CREDIT ASSOCIATION FEDERAL LAND BANK ASSOCIATION TAUNTON, MASS Box 7 Office Rt. 44 Baynham WARREN R. ARNOLD Manager r Now AGRICO' GRANULAR the same extra crop-feeding efficiency plus these advantages ^ AGRICO granular fertilizer drills easier . . . stays ^ free-flowing without bridging . . . meets today's needs for fast, accurate drilling and spreading. % AGRICO granular will not cake in storage ... you can take early delivery, before the rush, and have your fertilizer on hand when you need it. Call or Write Today ! ! The American Agricultural Chemical Company No. Weymouth 91, Mass. — EDgewater 5-2640 or Walter B. Moseley, P.O. Box 456, Marion, Mass SHARON BOX COMPANY, INC. ESTABLISHED lho6 SHARON, MASSACHUSETTS We Will Buy Your White Pine Logs, Either Standing- or Cut • Highest Prices Paid • Sawmill located at North Carver, Mass. Cftice Phones: Shsion, SU 4-2011 Carver. UN 6-2234 If You Want A Good Flume At A Low Cost Use All Heart Redwood 2 Car Loads Due For Your Fall Requirements 6x8 — 6x6 — 4x6 — 4x4 Planking - Square Edged or Matched 2x6 — 2x8 — 2x10 — 2x12 SEND FOR YOUR FREE FOLDER ON THE "DURABILITY OF REDWOOD" E. W. Goodhue Lumber Co., Inc. MIDDLEBORO ROAD EAST FREETOWN, MASS Phones Rockwell 3-8811 — Middleboro 1275 Hold full flavor in your cranberry pack \^i^ CORN PRODUCTS COMPANY Manufacturers of fine products for the food industry . . . and pitpular Best Foods Division grocery brands for the consumer. Ninety-two percent said they would continue to buy fresh cranberries if they were made available throi;^h to Easter. A number reported they were in- terested in low calorie food. He said that 5 percent thought the quaUty of last year's pack good, while 5 per- cent believed it to be bad. There was s:yme indication that not enough of the fruit showed through in the pack, and consumers would like to see better what they were buying. He said that many stores included in his survey had cranberries on dis- play under refrigeration which was a definite help. Dr. Bert M. Zuckerman gave a talk on the relative value of three fungicides, which has previously been reported in CRANBERRIES. He told of the favorable cummulative value of the use of fungicides year after year in cranberries with the excep- tion of Bordeaux Mixture. Berries increased in quantity with this use. He said it was now positive that treated sections were more frost re- sistant than those not treated. Regarding his nematode studies, he said, he believed he had a con- trol for this pest on cranberries, but that further studies were neces- sary, and that if this material he was testing was the answer there might be a clearance for its use within two years. Zuckerman, who made a trip to Europe last summer to attend nema- tology seminars and continue his studies, showed colored slides taken behind the "Iron Curtain." He said much effort was going into nema- tology studies in Europe, particularly in Holland. Dr. Satendra Khera of India, who is en a two-year leave from that covoitry to assist Zuckerman in stu- dies of nematodes and to work on what cranberry quality consists of. was introduced to the groui:s an:! spoke on "Agriculture in India." He said that without attempting to decry the merits of his country "which I deeply love," that agri- culture methods and achievements were not good. He said that by law r.o one could own more than 30 acres of land. This did not induce mechani- zation and there was very little mechanized farming in India. (Continued on Page 11) Mass. Cranberry Station and Field Notes by J. RICHARD BEATTIE Extension Cranberry Specialist Personals Prof. "Stan" Norton is the author of a new bulletin entitled "Clean- ing Cranberry Bog Ditches— A New Technique." Th'is is a fine publica- tion and one that will be of interest to many growers. Copies are avail- able at the county extension offices and at the Cranberry Experiment Station. Mr. and Mrs. Irving Demoran- ville recently became the parents of a new baby girl. We extend our congratulations and good wishes to "Dee" and his wife. Charts The 1962 cranberry insect, disease and weed control charts have been printed and mailed to growers through the county agents' offices. Extra copies are available at tlhe coimty extension offices and at our station. The major revisions and items for study in the new cran- berry insect and disease chart were outlined in a circular letter which accompanied the charts and are as follows: Growers are urged to review the notes found at the top of the chart. Study the summary of flooding prac- tices, suggestions on concentrates, use of the insect net, the grub con- trol table and the number of days that must elapse between the last application of a pesticide to the time ests that occur at this stage. It should be noted that Diazinon is speciific for the control of Sparga- nothis fruitworm. Growers are again urged to read and observe the red warning printed at the bottom of the chart. The major revisions and items for study in the 1962 Cranberry Weed Control Chart are as follows: The major change is the addition of Simazine as a new herbicide. Growers are reminded that the suc- cess of the weed control recom- mendations depends on a thorough understanding of the important notes found at the top of the chart. Di- rectly under the notes are three im- portant cautions which should be carefully observed. Under the section April to Mid- May, Simazine was added for the control of summer grass, cut grass, ragweed, pitchforks, warty panic grass, fireweed, morning glory, and cinquefoil. Carefully note caution No. 2. After late water, Simazine was added as a control for manna grass and sand spurrey. A mixture of Stoddard solvent and kerosene is suggested for the control of loose- strife and cut grass. Under June through August, dod- der was added to the list of pests that can be controlled with iron sul- fate. Growers sometimes refer to it as "gold thread." It is a parasitic plant that derives its nourishment from other plants includinig cran- berry vines. In the fall after har- vest, Simazine was added as a con- trol for summer grass. Plans did not call for a revision of the fertilizer chart. There is a limited number of the last edition available at the county agents' off- ices and at the Cranberry Station for those who may have misplaced their copy. We remind growers again that the key to the success of the fertilizer recommendations depends on a thorough understanding of the introductory statement and the gen- eral notes. It is suggested that grow- ers give careful attention to Table I and apply fertilizer in relation to Ihe size of the previous crop harvest- ed. Growers are encouraged to set out their own test plots to determine STODDARD SOLVENT (Available Year Round) WATER BOTTLED GAS WHITE KEROSENE Water Heating Cooking Carburetion UN 6-4545 m'^. Central Heating CARVER, MASS. the most economical amount of fer- tilizer to use on their bogs. Table 2 contains some very helpful informa- tion on this particular point. Customs School A school was held for custom op- erators and suppliers of agricultural chemicals in early March at the Cranberry Station. This was a new venture and apparently was well received. Over 90 percent of the people engaged in this type of work were present. Prof. William Tomlin- son, Irving Demoranville, Dr. Bert Zuckerman and Dr. F. B. Chandler presented some very timely infoima- tion in their respective fields of work. The favorable comments re- ceived from those attending indi- cated the desirability of scheduling a similar session another year. Spring Meeting The Cape Cod Cranberry Growers Association is planning to hold a spring meeting early in April at the Wareham Town Hall. The pro- gram will feature a general dis- cussion on marketing orders by representatives of various commodity groups who have had first-hand ex- perience with state and federal mar- keting orders. President Philip Gibbs extends a cordial invitation to all growers to attend this important meeting. Touraine Paints Hardware SANDVIK SCYTHES (ALSO CALLED FINNISH SCYTHES) CARVER SUPPLY CO, UNION 6-4480 Carver, Mass. 1 j 1 Brewer & Lord INSURANCE 40 Broad Street, Boston, Mass. CONVERSE HILL HORACE H. SOULE WILLIAM B. PLUMER CHARLES M. CUTLER EDWARD H. LEARNARD EBEN A. THACHER JOHN B. CECILL, JR. VINCENT M. WILSON Serving the People of New England Since 1859 _ _ BEE, CRANBERRY TALKS IN WASHLNGTON STATE Two meetings were held in Wash- ington, one at Grayland Community Hall, March 8 and the other at Long Beach Grange Hall, March 9. The speaker was Dr. Carl Johanson, as- sociate entomologist from the De- partment of Entomology, Washing- ton State University. He spoke on "Bees,'" and "Bumblebees," and their relation to the pollination of cranberries. Mass. ^'Customs" School Successful The new "school" for custom op- erators and suppUers of cranberry materials held at the Massachusetts Cranberry Station, March 9th proved to be even more of a success and of general interest than anticipated. Some 32 custom operators and sup- pliers were crowded into the Dr. Franklin Room at the Station to re- ceive instructions as to how to best serve the growers in their various capacities. This represented far more than 90 percent of such operators and sup- plies to the Massachusetts industry. J. Richard Beattie, Cranberry Spe- cialists was chairman and several Station specialists in their field par- ticipated. Insect control was discussed by Prof. Wm. E. Tomlinson, Jr., en- tomologist; weed control by Irving E. Demoranville. Dr. Bert M. Zuck- erman talked on disease control and Dr. F. B. Chandler on fertilizer recommendations. Western Pickers Parts and Repairs Agent for 1961 Model ORDER NOW J. E. BRALEY & SON MACHINE SHOP 78 Gibbs Ave Wareham, Mass. HAVE YOUR REP.AIRS DONE NOW Issue of March 1962 - Vol. 26 No. 11 Published monthly at The' Courier Print Shop, Main St.. Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscriptions $3.50 per year. Second Class Postage Paid at Wareham, Massachusetts Post Office. FRESH FROM THE FIELDS Compiled by C. J. H- MASSACHUSETTS Several Springlike Days February started out with the cDntinued cold of late January, but then after a few days warmed. There were several springlike days with temperatures up in to the 50s. Snow came on February 9, 10, 11, bringing 4.4 inches as recorded at the Massachusetts Cranberry Station. Temperatures dipped to 4 and 5 above. Snow — - ,,.^.,.c;«- cr-.-vtr pf *;V,D vi'-'teF Of crp-^be: y .m .e'£ Day, Februarv i4th. *--./■ -. ""ot or more cover el most Gi the cranberry district. This was we' heavy clogging snow, pUing up in streets and highways and bury- ing the bogs. Eight inches was re- corded at the Station, but much more fell in other sections. To the 16th, the month was a minus 55 degrees. There was snow again on the 16th. Still another snov/ storm swept over the cranberry area on the 19th. This brought 3.2 inches of snow as recorded at the Cranberry Station. February Tougher Month Once again it snowed over the cranberry area on the night before Washington's Birthday. February was living up tD its reputation as the worst month for snow of the year. The month was running about two degrees a day colder than normal. A Dark, Not Good Month The month ended with a long peri- od of gloomy days, fog, snow and rain. On the whole it was a dark month, without the desired sunshine. February is an important month m the sunshine factor of the coming crop. Probably Some Oxygen Deficiency Damage At the end of the month there was still a great deal of snow and ice around. Conditions were favorable for oxygen deficiency, with the snow- covered ice which had been on the b:gs since the snow of Valentine Day. Many growers pulled out the water from under the ice, although there were no flash warning cards sent out, this information being given through the press and radio. It may develop there was considerable of '■- d'lm^^e done. However, on the ., ue there was no wdnterkill : \/i;:rer. Winter Not Bad Th- month was also colder than normal, there being a deficiency of 73 degrees or a little more than two degrees a day. Most of the cran- berry areas escaped the worst of February snows, but in Boston it was the snowiest month in the past 28 years. All m all it had not been too bad a winter, except for the oxygen deficiency problem in the last half of February. November had been sUghtly warmer than nor- mal, December practically normal and very sunny, although January was slightly colder. Rainfall Up Total rainfall for the month was 4.3 inches, with the normal 3.67. Of this precipitation 20.9 mches was in the form of snow. WASHINGTON Buds Swelling February weather was relatively mild. There was only one cold night since the cold spell in January. Buds had started to swell to some ex- tent. January rain was 6.41 inches AGENT FOR WIGGINS AIRWAYS BOG SERVICE AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS HAND SPRAYERS - TOOLS - POWER EQUIPMENT AUTHORIZED BRIGGS AND STRATTON SERVICE CENTER R. F. MORSE & SON, INC. Cranberry Highway West Wareham, Mass. CY 5-1553 F->ortion of the industry sought to have a marketing order incorporated into the then existing agricultural law. Considerable time and expense was put forth at that time. Many days of preparation and many wit- nesses from all over the country testified before the agricultural com- mittee on this subject. Through the efforts of the Institute the bill got through the House but was defeated in the Senate. Now a marketing order for cran- berries, both fresh and for processing, is a part of the agricultural laws, but before it can be made effective on the cranberry industry certain steps must be taken. Before I get into this particular phase of the subject, I want to point out to you that surplus has been the greatest problem in the cranberry industry, and it has been the main factor in reducing the returns to the growers. There is no doubt in my mind that if the national crops are in the vicinity of 1,100,000 or 1,200,00 barrels, they can be marketed effi- ciently and economically with a fair return to the growers. Let us suppose that for one year we have a national crop of 1,500,000 barrels, and further, let us suppose that the following year we have a crop of equal size, at this particular time in the cranberry industry we certainly would have more cranber- ries than we could possibly market. I know it is my aim and hope, as well as that of everybody in the cranberry business, that before too many years we should be able to market all the cranberries whichi we produce, but until we reach that pKDint we need some help and assis- tance. In the interim period I feel that the greatest help and assistance can come through the medium of a marketing order. Ever after the hearings are held, if a marketing order is decreed by the Secretary of Agriculture, it will be put into effect only when a com- mittee of the industry deems it wise. In other words, it cannot become effective until it appears to a com- mittee of the industry that there are more cranberries raised in a given year than can be efficiently and economically marketed in a twelve- month period. What is the procedure to secure a marketing order from this point is the next question. A preliminary proposal for a mar- keting agreement and order has been prepared by the Cranberry Institute and the main provision of this agree- ment is for the eliminatioon of any surplus by a grade and size qualifi- cation. This is the simplest and the least expensive way to handle any potential surplus. In addition to eliminating the sur- plus, a strict grade and size regula- tion should also help to improve the quality of fruit offered on the mar- ket. Hearings will be held in each of the growing areas. Copies of the pre- liminary proposal for marketing or- ders will be sent to all growers and handlers. A summary of this pro- posed marketing agreement will be sent to each of the growers by the Institute. The tentative dates and places for hearings, as of now, are as follows: Wareham, Mass. — March 26, 27 & 28. Mt. Holly, N.J. — March 30. Wisconsin Rapids, Wis. — April 2. Grayland. Wash. — April 5. The hearings in each area will be in charge of a hearings examiner from the United States Department of Agriculture and the testimony of all of the witnesses for and against the marketing order are made part of the records of the hearing. After the hearings have been com- pleted, the Department presents an cpportunity to any interested party, to file a written brief or argument for or against the proposed marketing order. After this, a recommended decision is prepared by the Depart- ment of Agriculture, and the de- cision of the Secretary is then finally announced. This contains the final terms and provisions of the market- ing order. Even at this point, it is still not effective uatil a referendum is held among the growers to determine whether or not they favor or oppose the marketing order. This referen- dum is conducted by the Department of Agriculture and ballots are held confidential. Two-thirds vote of the growers voting by number or by volume? o: production must approve the crder before it can be issued. The h- -idlers o: not less than 50% of the commodity covered by the agreement must sign the order. The expense of running this oper- ation is financed by a per barrel as- sessment on the growers. The marketing order can be ter- minated by a majority of the growers representing 50% of the crop. If the ab:ve conditions are met, to wit two-thirds of the growers approv- ing the marketing order and 50% of the handlers signing the agree- ment, it is then put into effect. A committee of the industry is then appointed and if, in their opinion, there is a surplus which cannot be efficiently marketed, then the rules and regulations are set forth and the marketing order is operative for that season. Basically I don't thmk there is anybody that opposes government controls more than I and, except for the unfortunate occiirrence on No- vember 9, 1959, I am sure that the cranberry industry would be able to get along without government help. However, the problem of surplus has been one which the industry itself has not been able to handle, and handlers and growers of different or- ganizations are not permitted to get together under the law, and make joint decisions about eliminating sur- plus. The only way an industry's surplus can be eliminated or set aside is by means of a marketing order. Cape Grower Calls Himself '*Tr actor Hobbyist" Has Amazing Collection Of Old Iron, Objects Alvan H. Crocker is first Treasurer of Cape Cod Cran- berry Club; Interested in Cranberries since 14 — Collects many antiaue things. by Clarence J. Hall Alvan H. Crocker of Forestdale, Massachusetts has many other interests than those of a cranberry grower. However, he is much interested in cran- berry growing and things pertauiing to cranberries and is the first treasurer of the newly formed Cape Cod Cranberry Growers Club. Before that he was, for many years, treasurer of the Upper Cape Cod unit, which merged with the Lower Cape Club to form the combined Cape group. He describes himself, for one thing as a "tractor hobbyist," and as such is widely known. He has the words lettered on his trucks He bought his first tractor — for $150.00 — when he was only 16. He has a collection of nearly 40 model tractors, which is known far and wide. He has re- modelled and engaged in tractor work all his life. His "Virgin Island" In his cranberry wcrk he is half He says he was the first to take owner with Malcolm Ryder of the a tractor to Nantucket Island. Inci- dentally he humorously called Nan- tucket his "Virgin Island." Because there were no tractors there until he took one. It was "virgin" of trac- tors, and also because he said when he first went there to work on an airplane field there were ten women for every man. He has spent all his life in Forest- dale on Cape Cod. He was bom in Falmouth, July 4, 1912, but he at- tended schools at Forestdale. He ailso went to school in Sandwich of which township, Forestdale is a part. He was graduated from Sandwich High :n 1929. Hii father was the late Justus H. Cr-jjker, who kept a grocery store "rd v/:3 a trader in horses at Forest- dale. He comes of one of the oldest Cape families. His forebears, William and John came from England in '634 and settled first in Roxbury and thr^n Scituate and in nearby Barns- t.j'ole in 1639. He is of the 9th genera- Ton and with his children and grand- rhildren there are eleven generations ?: ihe Crcckers of Cape Cod. His Home A Landmark Fe lives on the Crocker estate at Forestdale, directly across the street from the Forestdale postoffice. His house is at least one hundred and fifty years old and one of the land- marks of the region. The property formerly consisted of 35 acres, but in now about 14. There are several hams and other buildings on the property which at one time was a big farm. He still has a small gar- den, old bog known as the Hannah Har- low bog which is on the margin of YAz Wakeby Lake, about two miles from his house. This is a bog of about five acres. It is set entirely to Early Blacks. The annual pro- duction he gives as about 100 bar- rels per acre. This bog, with a peai oottom is in a hollow, so there can be no further expansion. With all of Wakeby Lake to draw from it is one of the Cape bogs with excellent flowage facili- ties. There is a 65 horsepower Inter- national engine and the pump de- livers 20,000 gallons a minute. The property can be flowed in two hours, when frost threatens. Actual management is in the hands of Mr. Ryder, but Mr. Crocker works some frost nights and does the berry hauling. The Hannah Harlow bog output was formerly sold through the Beaton Distributing Agency, but now the owners are members of Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. There is a screenhouse on the property where berries were formerly packed but this is now done by Ocean Spray. Interested In Cranberries Since 14 Mr. Crocker has really been in- terested in cranberries since he was 14. He gathered berries from aban- doned bogs and sold them to the late Allie Ryder. He carted berries for the late Wallace Ryder and the late Bertram Ryder. Mr. Crocker is mainly in the gen- eral contracting business, but spe- cializes in tractor and bulldozer work. He is mainly engaged in truck- ing, sand, gravel and top soil and A view of the Crocker Bog at Wakeby Lake. finds plenty of work to keep liim busy. He is in his second year as Forest Fire Warden for the Town of Sand- wich. He is a member of the Sand- wich finance committee and has been a member of the Sandwich special pohce for 20 years. He has two trucks, a loader and lots of farm equipfment. He is a past president of the Sand- wich Board of Trade, a past presi- dent of the Wakeby, Forestdale, South Sandwich Improvement Socie- ty. He has been engaged in Boy Scout work. He is treasurer of the Cape Cod Heavy Equipment Asso- ciation. He is an active member of Cotuit Grange. He is a member of State Highway Surveyors Association, he also be- longs to the Cape Cod Foresters Association and to the Cape Cod Fire Chiefs' Association. He was long a member of the Upper Cape Cod Cranberry Club and of course of the new Cape Cod Cranberry Club. He is a member of the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers Association. He has kept five saddle horses, which he rents out mainly to riders from nearby Camp Good News. Amazing Collection He is an amazing collector of old objects, chiefly old machinery. The rear of his property has a most amazing collection of old materials. He has what he described as three acres of "old iron." In this he can find about any kind of a piece of old equipment, particularly any parts of tractors that could be imagined. If anyone is looking for a piece of machinery hard to find they come to "Alvan's Place." There, he is able to put his hand on it almost immediately. He has about a half mile strip of what he calls "Old stone." This is marble and granite. "I am a saver of thread," he says. "I always save everything and there always seems to be somebody who wants something and I always have it. I can find anything I want as I am so familiar with my collection of 'old iron." He brings home most anything that he can find in the way of old metal and many other objects. These he (CRANBERRIES Photo) obtains from dumps and from his construction work. He saves every- thing. He has a bam with four levels and this is crammed with almost every conceivable object. His collection in- cludes old cranberry scoops from six inches to two feet in width. Other buildings are also crarnmed with odds and ends. "I have enough old things, old picture frames, fire place tools and sets, lamps, ornaments, old brass, some silver, old furniture, every- thing to start in tomorrow and pretty well stock an antique shop, if I should care to go into that business. He calls his remarkable collection of "old iron" particularly valuable. It certainly is unique in extent. He is married to the former Elsie M. Macomber of Marston Mills. The couple has three children; Mrs. Con- stance Carr, wife of Captain Eugene Carr who is with the U.S. Jet serv- ice in Maine and formerly stationed in Germany; Richard Alvan Crock- er, who is a graduate of the Massa- chusetts Maritime Academy at Buz- (Continued on Page 16) New Formulation Restores Interest in Ferbam As Means Of Enhancing Berry Coloration While Combatting Fruit Rots by D. H. Moore, Research and Development Dept., Niagara Chemical Division, FMC Corporation A new trend in the use of fungi- cides on cranberry crops appears to be developing. There are indica- tions from a number of sources that ferbam fungicides will play a more important role this year in the disease control programs of Massa- chusetts growers seeking to prevent the outbreak of fruit rots in their cranberry bogs. Increased interest in this pesticide is attributed in large part to the good color it promotes in berries and to the development of a formulation that permits trouble-free application by aerial spraying techniques. Previous Use of Ferbam Six years ago ferbam was the most widely used fungicide in Massa- chusetts for the control of cran- berry fruit rots. In 1955 it was esti- mated by the State Department of Agriculture that the material ac- counted for 95 per cent of the fungi- cide usage while Bordeaux mixture made up the other 5 per cent. For the past several years, how- ever, ferbam's use has been limited by problems stemming from its dis- f>ersion properties. The tendency of ferbam formulations to settle, clog applicator nozzles, and abrade equip- ment proved to be a serious draw- back as air spraying of pesticides became increasingly popular with growers. This method of application allows only a few hours each day for spraying due to rising winds, and there is no time for the periodic halts to clean equipment that were found necessary with ferbam's use. Also, the aerial technique obviously does not lend itself to such stop-and-go maintenance. Consequently, many of the growers turned to other fungicides rather than pass up the speed and ease of application provided by aerial spraying. Zineb, maneb, and phaltan ■became the important pesticides used in this application. Last year the Cranberry Experiment Station in East Wareham, Mass., recommend- ed all three of these materials for aircraft application during 5 % blocm. A second treatment during mid-bloom of zineb, maneb, or fer- bam for application by ground rig was also recommended. The Sta- tion's Control Chart quallified these recommendations by pointing out that two aipplications of zineb or maneb might necessitate harvest de- lays of up to 10 days before accep- table fruit color could be obtained. Comparative Fungicide Tests Although these materials have been found to give good control and to impart improved frost resistance to the fruit, none of them has given evidence of matching the perform- ance of ferbam in promoting good berry color. A recent report from Dr. Bert M. Zuckerman of the East Wareham Experiment Station on two- year studies conducted by the Station and the University of Massachusetts disclosed that ferbam was the only fungicide tested that enhanced berry coloration. Results showed that man- eb, zineb, phaltan, and various ferti- lizer treatments retarded coloration. During 1961, Dr. Zuckerman re- ported, the Experiment Station also ran combined and separate applica- tion trials of maneb and ferbam to explore possible ways of eliminating color retardation from the otherwise good performance of maneb. Color analyses of these treatments have not yet been published. Improved Ferbam Dispersion The improved dispersion properties of the new ferbam formulation, which, in effect, have removed a major drawback to its use in air- craft applications, are achieved by a special manufacturing technique. Produced by Niagara Chemical and £3ld as Niagara Carbamate fungi- cide, it remains in suspension and passes rapidly through applicator nozzles without causing the clogging that can eventually close nozzle holes. This carbamate shows good storage life and virtually no physical degradation and has caused no ap- parent abrasive effect on spraying equipment. Its fine and more uniform particle size not only facilitates good quality control but makes the material more effective in dealing with the micro- scopic organisims that attack the fruit. There are some indications that the carbamate may stimulate greater growth of chlorophyll in the plants. This phenomenon has been observed with its use in apple or- chards. Generally, fungicides such as fer- bam are first applied sometime in June depending upon how long early water is held in the individual bog. The first treatment is timed for the plants' early blossom period when their systems are open and most re- ceptive to the chemicals that can combat fruit rot. A second treatment during mid-bloom is recommended to provide protection for the new growth. If neglected, fruit rots can affect plants not only during harvest but also while the fruit is stored, shipped, and marketed. Commercial Grower Applications In grower tests conducted last year by the Beaton Distributor Agen- cy, Inc., of Wareham, Mass., Niaga- ra's new carbamate formulation was applied following a first treatment of zineb. The handling properties and pesticidal performance of the car- bamate were reported very satis- factory. The company is considering the continued use of ferbam for fungicide application during the com- ing season. R. F. Morse & Son, which serves some 200 cranberry growers as dis- patcher for helicopter spraying (uti- lizing Wiggins Airways), also reports no difficulties in handling the new ferbam formulation. This company worked with the fungicide in limited amounts last year and foresees in- creased use for the material this season. A factor that may influence the demand for ferbam is the increased emphasis by Ocean Spray Cranber- ries, Inc., on the juice and fresh fruit markets as a means of expand- ing cranberry consumption. Good color is particulaly important for the fruit supplied to these markets, and this situation makes pesticide materials that promote good color of special interest. Indeed, greater Ten p- Showing an application of insecticide from setts cranberry bog. a helicopter on a Massachu- CJBjEMICAI, SYNTHESIS OF POTENTIAL PESTICIDAL MATERIALS. At new research facilities in Middleport, N.Y., a Niagara chemist is en- gaged in the chemical synthesis of a new chemical compound that shows pesticidal potential. In its new quarters the company expects to screen some 2000 compounds per year for biological activity. general use of fungicides by fresh fruit growers has resulted from their own market experiences. Continuing Pesticide Research The current ferbam development illustrates the continuing nature of the research programs conducted by pesticide producers in cooperation with the State extension services and the growers to find and perfect better materials suited to changing pest problems and agricultural prac- tices. In a related test area, for example, Niagara and the A. D. Makepeace Company of Wareham have been in- vestigating the performance on cran- berry plants of C-O-C-S copper fungi- cide in comparison with zineb and phaltan. The findings, when com- pleted, may have a bearing on fu- ture fungicide recommendations. Stu- dies have also been made in conjunc- tion with R. F. Morse and Son and growers on combined applications of dieldrin insecticide and fertilizer to determine their value in combatting grubs and feeding plants at the same time. Results to date have been most promising. To back uip such practical field work pesticide producers have been expanding their own research and manufacturing facilities. At Middle- port, N. Y., a new Niagara labora- tory and greenhouse was opened last fall to permit a two-fold increase in chemical synthesis and residue analy- sis of pesticide materials. In these research quarters the company ex- pects to screen some 2000 compounds a year for biological activity. New equipment has been installed to al- low for the determination of the most minute chemical traces in raw agricultural commodities — traces as low as .05 part per million. MASS. MEETINGS (Continued from Page 2) There is much rain in the summer, he said, monsoons bring deluges and there are periods of drought.. With high illiteracy among the mass- es he said it was difficult to get organization in agriculture, although there was an intensive program of agriculture experiment stations ad- vising. He said most of India was very hot, and this made for much disease. He said there is wide-spread pov- erty, there are visitations of locusts, rodents and monkeys which are con- sidered rather sacred. All these damage crops. There are more cows, which are also considered sacred in India, than in all the rest of the world put together, but output of milk is low. Many use the milk of bullocks. To further darken the pic- ture he said there was poor or no storage facilities for harvested crops in much of India. SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES IBIIII^ill! jBIeven WISCONSIN CALLS MEETING ON THE MARKETING ORDER A meeting for all Wisconsin Cran- berry growers was called for Wood County Courthouse, Wisconsin (Rapids, Wisconsin the afternoon of March 19. This was for the purpose of informal discussion concerning the proposed federal marketing or- der on cranberries. The speaker was Dr. Truman Graf, agricultui-al eco- nomise. University of Wisconsin who was there to present his experiences and to provide counsel about Federal marketing orders. Mass. Committee On Marketing Has Meeting The Massachusetts committee for the proposed marketing order has held two or three meetings and dis- cussed the proposal, getting ready for the district hearings at Wareham Memorial town hall, March 26, 27 and 28. It is made up of the following membership: Victor F. Adams, Os- terville; Kenneth D. Beaton, Ware- ham; Melville C. Beaton, Wareham; Anthony R. Briggs, Marion; Orrin G. Colley, Duxbury; William Decas, Wareham; David W. Eldridge, South Carver; Philip H. Gibbs, West Ware- ham; Robert C. Hammond, East Wareham ;Eino F. Harju, South Car- ver; Richard A. Heleen, Middleboro; Robert Hiller, Marion; Fred Lang, Middleboro; Jacob W. Laurila, North Carver; Ellwood Leeman, West Barnstable; Peter A. LeSage, South Yarmouth; Maurice Makepeace, Marion; Howard Morse, North Attle- boro; George C. P. Olsson, Ply- mouth; Alvin R. Reid, Hanson; Chester W. Robbins, Onset; Bernard E. Shaw, South Carver; William D. Stearns, 3rd, Plymouth; Ambrose E. Stevens, Duxbury, Marcus M. Urann, South Durbury, advisory, J. Richard Beattie, Wareham; Chester E. Cross, East Sandwich; Fred S. Cole, Mass. Marketing Division and Gilbert T. Beaton, Wareham, chairman. President George C. P. Olsson, of Ocean Spray has announced as the representatives of that cooperative which would have four members of the 7-man committee in charge of marketmg orders as Gilbert T. Bea- ton, Massachusetts; Edward V. Lip- man, New Jersey; Dale Johnson, Wisconsin and James Crowley, West Coast. Hearings other than that in Massa- chusetts are Mt. Holly, New Jersey, March 30; Wisconsin Rapids, Wis- consin, April 2 and Grayland, Wash- ington, April 5. Jersey Growers Vote Against Market Order Meeting of American Cran- berry Growers' Association. Makes motion it be recorded against — to meet again — Point out convincing argu- ments not yet put forward, and minds of growers still open. At a meeting of the American Cranberry Grower's Association at the Cranberry-Blueberry Station, Pemberton, New Jersey, March 8, the group, after discussion, voted to 2o on record that the association is as being against marketing orders, and that this information be carried to the directors of Ocean Spray by Jack Cutts at the next directors meeting. The vote on the motion was 17 for, one against and one abstain- ing. There was a second motion carried for another meeting of the associa- tion to be held March 29th, the night before the marketing order public hearing at Mt. Holly, at which evi- dence for and against the order is to be given. The meeting was presided over by Eddie Budd, vice president. There were 19 in attendance, these repre- senting a substantial portion of New Jersey acreage. There were no speakers, but an informal discus- sion. The "Draft of Marketing Order Program for Cranberries," was the basis for the discussion. General concensus was that the draft was vague and too general to make for clear understanding of specifically how the marketing order affected the grower and his business. In general the growers present were opposed to the philosophy be- hind marketing orders. They felt that government intervention in cranberries is not justified. They cited the remarkable success of the cranberry industry in bringing it- self back from the severe 1959 set- back brought about directly by government intervention, and they contended that through their own efforts the growers are fully capably of conducting their own business and making it a still better one. The feeling was also expressed that the government could do nothing under a marketing order that the cranberry growers could not do im- der their own existmg cranberry organizations. It was the opinion of most that there is nothing original in these marketing orders, nothing that had not already been done and nothing that the government could do better. Moreover, the growers cited several examples where gov- ernment intervention in agricultural commodities had created very un- desirable conditions. The growers felt they were not in a distressed condition, and as long as they could they wanted to be as free of government regula- tions as possible. It was pointed out in the discussion of the motion that this was not the last stand of the growers, but that convincing argu- ments for marketing orders had not been heard and that the minds of the growers were still open. Ocean Spray Plans Big Sales Push For Easter Ocean Spray will put a full-scale advertising campaign behind cran- berries for Easter to build on the gains made in 1961, when sales in the last quarter broke all records. The campaign will follow the siic- cessful promotional pattern used for Thanksgiving and Christmas with full-color, half-page advertisements in April issues of McCall's Ladies' Home Journal, American Home. Bet- ter Homes and Gardens, Good House- keeping, Everywoman's Family Cir- cle and Woman's Day. The campaign will have extensive publicity support. Carrying Easter promotion to the point-of-sale. Ocean Spray provides two full-color, multi-purpose posters, 20" by 24", one teaming cranberry sauce with ham, the other with tur- key. Special Easter stack cards, shelf talkers and newspaper mats round out the inwBtare promotion package. Ocean Spnay continues Cranberry Juice Cocktail promotion, market by market, with newspaper and radio advertising. Markets Currently re- ceiving promotion are New England, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Washington, Miami, Tampa, Albany, Buffalo, Erie, Rochester, Syracuse, Cleve- land, Portland and Seattle, with fur- ther expansion scheduled According to H. Gordon Mann, Ocean Spray sales manager, Cran- berry Juice sales increased 39% in 1961. "Retailers can profit from the growing popularity of Cranberry Juice Cocktail by building twin stack displays of Ocean Spray Cranberry Sauce and Cranberry Juice that will sell each other." /^^-^ ^"'ss*^*^ *i>^^^K&)f^^:i>sSj^ - „, ' , ?»-T^V5fe'sfejif«>MJs, '-. '.- i-^^^^^ix,^^i^'i:^i::^x=J^^^i^^(^f''. Cape Growers To Have Spring Meet There is to be a spring meeting of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association it was decided at a planning session at the State Cran- berry Station. As this goes to press, the exact date had not been de- termined, but it was expected the meeting would be during the second week in April. This will be an evening event with a speaking program and not an ex- hibit of equipment as has frequently been the case with Cape spring meetings. Session will evolve around the Marketing Order proposal, with speakers from out of the state who will give their experiences on mar- keting orders, both pro and con for the enlightenment of the growers. Joe Fosse Passes Away In Oregon Joe Fosse, well known cranberry grower of Oregon died at the age of 81 last month. Bom in Hayfield, Minn, of Norwegian parents, he went to Oregon in 1907 and worked in the woods and sawmills before engaging in the cranberry business. He was a charter member of the Sixes Grange, a member of West- most Grange and the Coos-Curry f Pioneer and Historical Association. SHAWMUT GLASS CONTAINERS, Inc. REPRESENTING KNOX GLASS, Inc. 25 EAST STREET CAMBRIDGE 41, MASS. ri?^;i^^.^m^^^i^£smi^ii»^ (Continued on Page 16) INDIAN TRAIL, inc. WORKING— MERCHANDIZING— SELLING WISCONSIN -GROWN CRANBERRIES 12 Months of the Year Moving FRESH — FROZEN— — CANNED & JUICE — Striving always to move TOP-QUAL- ITY products at TOP PRICES for bet- ter returns to WISCONSIN Growers. P. 0. BOX 710, WIS. RAPIDS, WIS. Tbirt^aa For Ease In Grub Control and Fertilization Plan Now to Use Field-Tested DIELDRIN-FERTILIZER COMBINATION For Further Information Contact: R. F. MORSE & SON Inc. CRANBERRY HIGHWAY West Wareham, Massachusetts CY 5-1553 <^dJt>sJa.l5 ISSUE OF MARCH, 1962 VOL. 26 - NO. 11 v/ 1^'*''**"'^'^^^^^ TIME OF DECISION The proposal of a Marketing Order for the cranberry industry is now engross- ing the interest of all those within the in- dustry. The preliminary hearings are to be held in Massachusetts this month and in the other areas shortly thereafter. "Can the industry obtain such an Order — does it want such an Order and what will this vehicle do for the growers?" are questions which are being asked. These questions will be answered. Some are heartily in favor, under the circumstances of a Marketing Order, this being "designed to improve returns to the growers through orderly marketing ; this "being a self-help program through which fruit and vegetable growers can work to- gether to solve marketing problems that they cannot solve individually." Others are loathe to have the Federal Government through the Department of Agriculture un- der which Marketing Orders are operated, step into the business of growing cranber- ries. The Order does have regulations (developed by the industry itself) which will be enforced provided the majority of growers decide they want this form of gov- ernment assistance. George C. P. Olsson, a director of the Institute and president of Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc., elsewhere in this issue points out, that in his opinion, if national' crops are in the vicinty of 1,100.000 or ev- en 100,000 more such crops can be market- ed effciently with a fair return to the grow- er. But if the crops go up to say a million and a half barrels, at this particular time the industry would have more cranberries than it could possibly move. With such large crops, which could conceivably come any year, proponents point out that a Marketing Order would be necessary to save the industry from a glut- ted market. It is stated by Mr. Olsson that the proposal for a Marketing Order as pre- sented by the Cranberry Institute has a main provision that there can be an elim- ination of any surplus by a grade and size qualification. Even though a Marketing Agreement and Order is granted to the industry it need not be used in any given year if conditions (io not justify it. A Marketing Order can CLARENCE J. HALL Editor and Publisher EDITH S. HALL— Associate Editor Wareham, Massachusetts SUBSCRIPTIONS, $3.50 Per Year, FOREIGN, $4.50 CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin LEO A. SORENSON Cranberry Consultant Wisconsin Rapids Wisconsin Washington Dr. CHARLES C. DOUGHTY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. Oregon GRANT SCOTT Coquille, Ore. Massachusetts Dr. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. Ne^ New Jersey P. E. MARUCCI Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey be terminated at any time by a vote of the growers representing 50 "^r of the crop. It is the belief of many that the indus- try would be more advanced in sales than it is if it had not been for the "cranberry scare" and the marketing debacle of 1959 from which the industry is only now be- come probably fully recovered. If the in- dustry continues to gain it may be only a very few years that a Marketing Order would be needed. For the interim it is the belief of the proponents that a Marketing Order is the best remedy against surplus crops of cranberries. The industry is about to decide wheth- er or not it wants this vehicle now. SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS Joe Fosse (Continued from Page 13) Stamp and rock collecting and beach- combing were his hobbies. His in- terest in stamp collecting led to his membership in San Francisco-Pacific Philatelic Society, Oregon State Stamp Society, Inc.; American Phila- teUc Society and Scandinavian Col- lectors Club. Tractor Hobbist" (Continued from Page 9) zards Bay and is now a 2nd class engineer on the high seas and James Laban Crocker, 19, who works with him in the contracting business. Mr. Crocker says he has always had an aim in life and that is to get as much enjoyment out of life as is possible. He says he never was ambitious to make a lot of money but he wanted to enjoy himself as he went along. ADVERTISE IN CRANBERRIES MAGAZINE This he has done with his cran- berry work, his general contracting, his tremendous collection of old ob- jects, particularly with his collection of model tractors and in utilizing working tractors. "I like to help other people out," he says, "especially when they need a piece of 'old iron.' Some of this I sell. Much I simply give away. People are always coming to my house for something. I keep busy all the time." (Editor's Note: Mr. Crocker at the meeting this month of the Cape Cod Cranberry Club was succeeded as the first treasurer by Victor Adams of Osterville.) A complete line of Sprinkler Irriga- tion fc- Frost and Drought Protec- tion. Can or Will Help Finance FRANKES IRRIGATION 523 Post Rd., (Hy. 51 So.) Steveas Point, Wisconsin WISCONSIN HEADQUARTERS FOR INSECTICIDES — FUNGICIDES HERBICIDES DUSTS — WETTABLE POWDERS — EMULSIONS PARATHION — MALTHION FERBAM — SIMAZINE DITHANE M - 22 (Maneb) WEED RHAP 20 Hopkins Agricultural Chemical Co. p. O. BOX 584 MADISON, WISCONSIN Phone ALpine 7-1019 SPRINKLER SYSTEMS PUMPS HIGH CAPCITY WELLS ROBERTS IRRIGATION SERVICE STEVENS POINT WISCONSIN HUME PRODUCTS CORPORATION • DEGRASSERS • DRYERS • CONVEYORS Designers and manufacturers of machinery for the cranberry industry SERVICES AVAILABLE TO WISCONSIN GROWERS: Ste«l stock from our warehouse Ensineerins services Complete machine shop service 1^ For information, write: HUME PRODUCTS CORPORATION Eagle River, Wisconsin SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS FOR SALE SEARLES JUMBO HOWES, McFARLIN Vines for delivery in 1962 $125.00 Ton F,0,B. INTERESTED IN PURCHASING WISCONSIN CRANBERRY PROPERTIES Vernon Goldsworthy B.S. & M.S. University of Wisconsin Cranberry Consultant Fees Reasonable EAGLE RIVER WISCONSIN OUR PRODUCTS DANA MACHINE & SUPPLY Co. Wis. Rapids Wis. AAFCS. of: SPRAY BOOMS GRASS CLIPPERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS Getsinger Retracto tooth pickers Dryers DISTR. of: VEE BELTS & PULLEYS ROLLER CHAINS SPROCKETS & BEARINGS CONVEYOR BELTING STEEL Strained Cranberry Sauce Whole Cranberry Sauce Cransvveets Diced Cransweets Cranberry Apple Sauce Spiced Cranberries Cranberry Chilli Sauce Cranberry Bar-B-Q Sauce Cranberry Orange Relish Cranberry Vinegar Cranberry-Strawberry Preserves Cranberry Juice C ranberry-Cherry Preserves Cran-Beri Cranberry-Pineapple Preserves Cran-Vari Cranberry-Raspberry Preserves Cran-Puri C ranberry-Rhubarb Preserves Cranberry Puree Cranberry-Gooseberry Preserves Cran-Bake Sliced and Whole Maraschino Cranberries Consumer Size & Bulk Fresh Cranberries Cranberry Products, Inc. EAGLE RIVER, WISCONSIN CORRUGATED CULVERT PIPE and FLOW GATES Felker Bros. Mfg. Co. MARSHFIELD WISCONSIN Phone 230 - 231 WISCONSIN CRANBERilY GROWERS are using more Signature Fertilizer year after year • Pelletized • Homogeneous • Dustless • Free-Flowing • 50 lb. Bags E. RAUH & SONS FERTILIZER CO. liidianapolis & Plymouth, [nd. YOU Your Foreman Deserves A Subscription to Cranberries; too Are reading this ad. Others will read yours in CRANBERRIES Magazine t f i I „v^^ \^^ ^ \^ :&'' ^^,o*-„s *-......« I%\, ft^J^'.a^^''''*'Al^'^ o»^'- „. )>'•*' , bV^^ »'>•' V .-e'^*^ 4l3-- •«!»■ THF OCEAN SPRAY CRANBERRIES, INC. RVING A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY MASSA5 •^Wt nglOHAL CmBERRYMA6AZllf£ APE COD iEW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON CANADA JAMES T. WILLIAMS, New Cape Agricultural Agent 35 Cents APRIL 1962 DIRECTORY For CRANBERRY GROWERS Wcrcester Paper Box Corporation MEDFORD, MASS. Tel. MYstic 8-5305 PREFABRICATED FLUMES Straightline Pumps Bog Railroads 1 The 1 iCHARLES W. HARRIS! 1 Company | 1 451 Old Somerset Ave. | 1 North Dighton, Mass. | Manufacturers For Rent 1 AMES 1 of Folding Cartons CONSULTANT On Water Problems 1 Irrigation Systems | 1 Sprinklers I and Displays RUSSELL A. TRUFANT North Carver, Mass. Tel. U?: CORN PRODUCTS COMPANY Manufacturers of fine products for the food industry . . . and popular Best Foods Division grocery brands for the consumer. that might take 5a or 60 years he added. He discussed the Massachusetts fertilizer chart and a new fertilizer publication he has just completed, copies of which were passed out to club members. He suggested that growers use double strength fertil- izers, which though costing more, would prove more economical to growers in the end. He also spoke of a "Rest Period" for cranberries. It will be published shortly. Dr. Chandler also discussed the pruning of cranberry vines, and said he is working on this phase and that he hopes in time it will be possible, perhaps through annual pruning, to get rid of sanding en- tirely. He said sanding does have some benefits but not very many. "Weeds and Their Control," was the topic of Irving E. Demoranville. Among other materials he discussed the new one, Simazine. (He pre- sented an article en this in the February issue of this magazine.) He said it had been coming to his attention that growers were afraid to use Simazine. He said precau- tions have to be used, as too little in application, or too much is bad. He urged growers to use it but with caution as directed. He said tihe material is ncn toxic to humans and non-corrosive to machinery. He referred to a weed this year for the first time on the chart. This is dodder, or commonly called "golden thread." He said this is a plant which grows up and then lives on another live plant, which on the bogs is mostly the cran- berry vine. It is almost brigiht orange in color. The control is iron sulphate in water. Other speakers were Prof. Wil- liam Tomlinson, on the "Insect Story for 1962," whose paper is printed in full on another page, and Prof. John "Stan" Norton on "Me- chanization of Cranberry Equip- ment." This was a talk with colored movies of water harvest and of colored sUdes. It is carried in full, also on another page. Prof. Norton has just published a booklet. "Clean- ing Cranberry Bog Ditches, a New Technique." This was passed out to those attending and will be car- ried, at least in part, in a later issue. Mass. Cranberry Station and Field Notes by J. RICHARD BEATTIE Extension Cranberry Specialist Personals Mrs. Fred B. Chandler is a patient at the Baker Memorial Hospital, Massachusetts General Hospital, Bos- ton, Mass., where she will be con- fined for some time. We are sure that a note or a visit will be greatly appreciated during her convales- cense. Dr. H. F. Bergman has recently purchased a home on Warr Avenue, Wareham. We are pleased thiat he will continue to live in our communi- ty. Mrs. H. J. Franklin has returned to her home in East Wareham after spending the winter in Florida. She thoroughly enjoyed her visit but is happy to be home again. Dr. Satendra Khera was guest speaker at the Plymouth County Agricultural Council's monthly meet- ing held in April. He gave a most informative talk on "Agriculture in India" and answered many questions asked by council members. Late Spring on Bogs While temperatures in Boston aver- aged slightly above normal for the month of March, and a little less than two degrees per day above normal for the first 17 days in April, weather conditions in the cranberry are-a have not favored an early spring. A cdd spell in mid April tended to delay any thoughts of an early spring. In fact, enough snow fell on April 16 to whiten the ground in Southeastern Massachusetts. In- cidentally, we experienced a simi- lar late "snowstorm" on April 13 last year. Inland bogs such as those located in Easton, Sharon, Foxboro and Carlisle, were beginning to "green up" a little by April 17, but bogs near the coast have shown very little change in color except those in sheltered locations. A few warm days after the recent cold spell could make us very conscious of frost, which leads up to this im- portant subject. Frost Service The Cape Cod Cranberry Growers Association is again sponsoring the popular telephone frost warning serv- ice and a telephone answering serv- ice used so successfully last year. The answering sei^ce number is Wareham, CYpress 5-2696. It is not listed in the telephone directory and is intended only for use by cran- berry growers. The radio schedule supplements the above service and includes a new radio station, WPLM in Plymouth. Before leaving the subject of frost, we have a few suggestions for the growers consideration. Those who subscribe to the telephone service are urged to have their frost pads and pencils near the telephone so that no time will be lost in taking down the message. This is a cour- tesy we owe our telephone distribu- tors as well as growers who follow on the list. Frost Tips— Thermometer Checking Extra copies of a circular mailed to growers some time ago, and en- Dial Station Place A.M. F.M. Afternoon Evening WEEI Boston 590 k. 103.3 mg. 2:00 9:00 WBZ Boston 1030 k. 92.9 mg. 2:30 9:00 WPLM Plymouth 1390 k. 99.1 mg. 2:30 9:30 WOCB West Yarmouth 1240 k. 94.3 mg. 3:00 9:30 WBSM New Bedford 1230 k. 97.3 mg. 3:30 9:00 Hubbard INSECTICIDES • FUNGICIDES HERBICIDES ARE AVAILABLE ON THE CAPE FKOM R. C. Mossman - Horticultural Sales West Bridsewater, Mass. Representing The HUBBARD-HALL CHEMICAL CO. Waterbury, Conn. For Consistent Dependability with PESTICIDES and FERTILIZER see the man from Eastern States T. C. Ashley, Harry T. Fisher, Jr., James P. Govone, Lawrence H. Ward, E. S. Service Center, E. S. Service Center, E. S. Service Center, Taunton E. Freeitoiwn MididleboTo Fores tdiaile Plymouth Birockton Tel. Td. Tel. Td. Tel. New Bedtford Tel. Tel. Rockweill 3-5718 Middleiboro 2133-W Osterville, GA 8-4393 Pilgirim 6-O970 Junijper 6-4055 Wyiman 6-5202 Van Dyke 4-6331 EASTERN STATES FARMERS EXCHANGE Headquarters: West Springfield, Massachusetts Touraine Paints Hardware SANDVIK SCYTHES (ALSO CALLED FINNISH SCYTHES) CARVER SUPPLY CO. UNION 6-4480 Carver, Mass. Brewer & Lord INSURANCE 40 Broad Street, Boston, Mai CONVERSE HILL HORACE H. SOULE WILLIAM B. PLUMER CHARLES M. CUTLER EDWARD H. LEARNARD EBEN A. THACHER JOHN B. OECILL, JR. VINCENT M. WILSON Serving the People of New England Since 1859 titled "Cranberry Frost Tips," are available at the county agents' offi- ces and at the Cranberry Station. These suggestions were taken from Dr. H. J. Franklin's weather bulletins and serve as useful guides. Finally, if growers would like to have their thermometers checked at the sta- tion, we would be glad to perform this service for them. It requires only a few minutes time and the value is obvious. A number of ther- mometers checked during the last several years have shown inaccurate readings that varied as much as four degrees when compared to our "offi- cial" thermometer. Qualify Forecast The Preliminary Keeping Quality Forecast was prepared April 3 and has been mailed to growers through the county agents' offices. It reads as follows: PRELIMINARY KEEPING QUAL^ ITY FORECAST: Weather records through March show only 2 points out of a fwssible 10 which favor good keeping quality fruit this fall. This is 1 point less than a year ago this date. We believe the prospects at this time are only fair to poor for the general keeping quality of the 1962 Massachusetts cranberry crop. The forecast could improve materially if April, May and June are colder and drier than normal. Present information indicates that fungicide treatments or "late hold- ing" should definitely be considered for those bogs that tend to produce weak or tender fruit. The final keeping quality forecast will be released early in June. We repeat again that these forecasts are intended to serve only as quides and to that extent have been helpful to those who have used them. Their reliability as quides have been well demonstrated in the majority of years since they have been released. Unfortunately, last year was a defi- nite exception. SUB3CRIBH TO CRANBERRIES ^,,,OHALCRANBE...,,,^^Q^. Issue of April 1962 - Vol. 26 No. 12 Publiihed monthly at The' Courier Print Shop, Main St.. Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscriptions S3. 50 per Second Class Postaee Paid at Wareham, Massachusetts Post Office. FRESH FROM THE FIELDS Compiled by C. J. H. MASSACHUSETTS March Began With High Winds March began in typical March fashion, with high winds, but they were of the Artie variety. It was bitter cold. This did nothing to re- moving the snow and ice which could be causing oxygen deficiency conditions on bogs from which the water had not been Vriith drawn. Temperature for the first four days of March was a minus 43. 3-Day Northeaster Then followed a "dry" northeaster lasting for three days which gave la part of the Atlantic Seaiboard its worst snow of the winter. It skipped the cranberry area, except for winds which almost reached hurricane pro- portions and brought flooding along the shores. There was no damage to the cranberry bogs. Month con- tinued iCiolder than normal there being a 51 minus on the 7th. Warmer Weather Ends, Ice, Snow Several warmer days, rather in- dicative of the spring to come, fol- lowed by a heavy rain on the 13th practically cleaned up the ice and snow in the cranberry area. Springlike After this storm there was a con- siderable period of fine and very sunny days with the temperatures mild. As many growers had with- drawn the water from the ice to pre- vent oxygen deficiency no more was put on and as the ice and snow cover had melted by the middle of the month, considerable acreage was out for the coming season. Spring Comes in Pleasant The official first day of spring, March 20 came to the cranberry area with a pleasant day, following several of the same. However, it remained a trifle chilly, the tem- perature for the month' being a minus 39. Sanding Begun With the coming of warm weather and water off the bogs spring sand- ing got underway on quite a large scale by the middle of the month. There was also some fertilizing being done. Month Ends Warm The month became warmer and warmer towards the end and March, which bad not been very lion-like at any time, went out definitely like the proverbial lamb. The temperature for the month was a 7-plus (Boston.) Sunshine High There were something like 20 days of sunshine and so the sunshine factor was high. This would tend to ::d the crop of 1963. Rainfall Light Rainfall was extremely light all during the month, there being only 1.12 inches for the entire 31 days. Ncrmal is 4.39 inches. April 1 Drenching However, April first, brought an £ 11-day drenching radn with a total of 1.84 inches as recorded at the Cranberry Station and more at other points, more than in the entire month of March. This eliminated temporarilly the danger of forest fires which bad become very high with a burning index of nearly 100 :n the Cape. MASSACHUSETTS KEEPING QUALITY FORECAST Preliminary keeping quality for the coming Massachusetts cranberry crop, as prepared by Cranlberry Spec- ialist, J. Richard Beattie, is as fol- lows: Weather records through March AGENT FOR WIGGINS AIRWAYS BOG SERVICE AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS HAND SPRAYERS - TOOLS - POWER EQUIPMENT AUTHORIZED BRIGGS AND STRATTON SERVICE CENTER R. F. MORSE & SON, INC Cranberry Highway West Wareham, Mass. CY 5-1553 show only two points out of a possi- ble 10 which favor good keeping quahty fruit this fall. This is one 'point less than a year ago at this date. We beheve the prospects at this time are only fair to poor for the general keeping quality of the 1962 Massachusetts cranberry crop. The forecast could improve mater- ially if April, May and June are colder and drier than normal. Pres- ent information indicates that fungi- cide treatments or "late holding" Should definitely toe considered for those bogs that tend to produce weak or tender fruit. WISCONSIN Hard Winter Ends Old man winter finally departed from the Wisconsin scene the last week of March. While he was around 'he diimped from 70 to 90 inches of snow over the cranberry areas and kept it from thawing much by hold- ing temperatures about five degrees below normal all during the period. There were almost twice the normal below zero readings and snow cover was present in most areas for over 100 continuous days. The weather since the first of the year shows a total of about minus 400 degrees from normal and about IV2 inches above normal precipita- tion. March came in with the coldest reading of the winter accompanied with a heavy wet snow. The first half of the month was exceptionally cold while the last half brought thawing days and freezing nights. This latter condition was excellent for slowly reducing the snow cover with little if any appreciable flood- ing. It had been feared that serious flooding could occur if high tempera- tures prevailed with the heavy snow cover. By the end of the month the snow cover was greatly reduced in the open areas, while a foot or so re- mained in the wooded areas. The outlook for April was for normal weather conditions. Compared to last year the winter floods wiU probably be removed two weeks late. Normal winter flood removal dates are from April 10 to 15th in the south and April ."0-25th in the north. With little frost in the beds most marshes will let the water seep away as the ice melts. Growers are anxious to start their r pring work. During March they \/ere busy reading up on market ( rders and agreements in view of the bearing held in the Rapids on April 2nd. C. & L. EQUIPMENT CO. 191 LEONARD STREET ACUSHNET, MASS. Cranberry Bog Service PRUNING FERTILIZING RAKING WEED TRIMMING Machinery Sales PRUNERS POWER WHEELBARROWS RAKES WEED TRIMMERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS - Large & SmalJ For Further Informatian Call . F. P. CRANDON Rockwell 3-5526 C. J. TRIPP Wyman 5-2013 n, C LEONARD Wyman 5-3521 NEW JERSEY March, Wetter, Colder The weather at Pemberton during March was colder and wetter than normal. The temperature ranged from 9° on the 3rd to 79 T. on the 30th and averaiged 39.9°, which is 2.1° cclder than normal. Precipita- tion totaled 4.23 inches, which is 0.55 more than the average. Snowfall during the month totaled 7 inches. Winter Colder Snowier Than Normal The winter of 1961-62, mild com- pared to that of 1960-61, was never- theless snowier and colder than normal. Thru this winter the snow totaled 20.7 inches, 5 inches more than normal but only about half of the 37.1 inches accumulated last year. This winter was not as severe- ly cold as last but it was consistent- ly shghtly colder than normal. Every month from December 1961 thru March 1982 has been colder than normal. In the winter of 1960-61 December and January were very much colder than normal, February was normal and March was slightly warmer than normal. In the winter of 1960-61 there were 8 below zero readings as compared to only one this winter. The minimum tempera- ture this past winter was one below zero on Feb. 11th as compared to the 12 below zero recorded last winter. WASHINGTON Comparitively Arid Comparitively arid weather in March continued into April on the Long Beach Peninsula. Total rain- fall up to April 6th for the year was less than 18 inches, compared with 49.63 inches at the same time a year (Continued on Page 20) CRANBERRY PICKING BOXES Shocks, or Nailed Let me repair your broken boxes — or repair them yourself. Stock Always on Hand F. H. COLE Tel. Union 6-3330 North Carver. Mass. ^'Gratifying To Have Had A Part In Producing A Crop" Says James T. Williams He Is Cape Cod County Agent in Agriculture Replac- ing Oscar Johnson, While Latter Is in Reserve Service — Finds Cranberries an Unusual Production, by Clarence J. Hall "It is gratifying to have had a part in producing a crop— and I have always liked to see things grow." This is why James T. Williams saiys he wanted to become an Ex- tension iService worker in agri- cuit-ure. He is currently filling the place of Oscar Johnson as agri- cultural agent— including cranberry work— for Barnstable County, (Cape Cod) Massachusetts. Mr. Johnson has been recalled for active service in the U.S. Army Reserves. Williams, it happens is also in the Reserves and has been for a number of years. He has just been notified that he has been made a captain in the Reserves. He caane out of the service with the rank of a first lieutenant. He served in the U.S. Army in the anti-aircraft artillery, sipending one year at Fort Bliss, Texas and one year in Alaska. Since his appointment as county extension agent in agriculture at the Cajpe Cod Extension Service he has put in considerable time becoming aicquainted with cranberry growers of his area and making himself famiUar with cranberry problems. He has presided at the three Winter meetings df the Cape Cod Cranberry Clulb, and has now met many of the Cape growers. He has also spent considerable time at the Massachu- setts Cranberry Experiment Sta- tion, talking with memibers of the staff there and getting caught up on cranlberry problems. When he took over the job he knew nothing at all about cranberry culture. However, he said, he has always liked to eat cranberries in every form and has done so for years. During the "cranberry scare" of 1950 he says he bought twice as many cranberries as usual, because he was so provoked at the unnecessary and absurd report put out by the Department of Health, Education and Welfare, regarding tihe use of amino triazole by some of the cranberry industry. "Jim" Williams was bom at Han- over, New Hampshire, December 18, 1939. His father was an over- seer in a woolen mill. But while he was attending and being gradu- ated from the high school, he worked Summers on a farm. He was even then interested in agriculture. He entered the University of New Hampshire, taking a course in agri- culture, with pomology his major. He was graduated in 1951 with a B.S. in agriculture. He also had a year at the University of Florida at Gainsville, taking up Botany. Then came his Army service. After getting back in civilian life he found employment with the New England Forestry in Reading, Mass., where he managed a retail hard- ware store. Sometime later he left there and worked as a salesman for the Crawford Garden Supply at Providence, R.I. It was during this work that he first came in con- tact with cranberry growers sell- ing them some materials. While working there he made his home in Marion, Mass., wihich is in the cranberry growing area. Later he moved to Wareham, where he still makes his home on Marion Rd. He had hved in Marion for three years and in Wareham for three. Then came the opening in agri- culture at the Cape Cod Extension Service and he apphed and was ac- cepted. He is now doing the sort of work from which he was really trained. He says he feels much at home among those of the Cape growers he has met. "They are very much like the people of New Hampshire," he says. He regards cranberries as a rather unusual crop. He is now spending about 20 percent of his time in cran- berry work. The remainder of his time is taken up with other agri- cultural activities, fruit, vegetables forestry, work in A.C.P. and A.S.C. and odds and ends. Each week he has a five-iminute agricultural pro- gram over Radio Station WOOB at West Yarmouth. He says he realizes that cran- berries have many special prob- lems. He is particularly interested in cranberry disease and insect prob^ lams. He has found that the cran- HELICOPTER PEST CONTROL iqqins :/lirwaus I I NORWOOD, MASS. « DUSTING and SPRAYING RAY MORSE, Agent TEL. CY 5-3928 Seven fberry industry is well organized, with the Cranberry Station handling many of the technical problems, "I can see that the cranberry growers need even greater mechani- zation," he says. "It is, of course, a relatively small industry as agri- culture goes. That means not much research can be given it by the big manufacturers in devising special equipment. The cranberry growers have to do much of the originating themselves. I have been amazed at the ingenuity with which they have solved some of their me- chanical problems. They are an in- ventive bunch in making something to make easier and cheaper their specialized cranberry jobs." He says he is especially indebted to Arnold "Red" Lane of the North Harwich plant of Ocean Sipray in helping him to find where growers Uve and where their bogs are lo- cated. This Spring he will participate in the growers' clinics for weeds, in- sects, etc. and will take part in the cranberry picking schools next Fall. Williams is married to a Texas girl, the former Grace H. Hill of El iPaso. The couple have four chil- dren, James T. Jr., 6; Laurence, 5; Aurora Anne, 3 and WiUiam B., one. His main outside activities are work with the Knights cf Columbus and in Reserve duties. He goes to drill every Wednesday night at Fort Rodman in New Bedford and spends two weeks every Summer in Camp, usually at Fort Drum in New York State. Otherwise he likes photography, having at one time studied this rather seriously. He also likes to play golf when he finds time and is interested in electronics. FARMERS PRODUCTION CREDIT ASSOCIATION FEDERAL LAND BANK ASSOCIATION TAUNTON, MASS Box 7 Office Rt. 44 Raynham WARREN R. ARNOLD Manager Massachusetts Cranberry Marketing Order Hearing Takes Three Full Days' Testimony Witnesses For and Aginst — Some Opponents Felt Would Give Ocean Spray Too Much Power and Put Independents Out of Business The Massachusetts hearing, wMch was taken up with the testimony of included Connnecticut and iRhode Island growers, for the proposed cranberry marketing agreements and order was concluded March 28 after three full days and one evening of testimony. Dviring this time, witnesses for and opposed were heard under oath, the session being for the purpose of obtaining evidence for the Secretary of Agri- culture to decide whether to approve such an order or not to approve it. Hearing was in the Wareham High ■School. The hearing series is in four parts, this, the first, adjourned to Mt. 'Holly, N.J., March 30, then to Wis- consin Rapids, Wis., April 2, and finally to Grayland, Wash., April 5. The hearing was not concluded until grawers in all areas had a chance to testify. There followed a period in which written briefs could be sent to the Secretary. If he approves the matter is then put to a vote to all cranberry growers. To be put into effect two-thirds of the growers voting, either by num- ber or volume of production must approve of the order, and the handlers of at least 50 per cent of the crop by volume must also approve. If approved by the Secre- tary and voted in by the growers, proponents hope to have it in effect in time for the coming Fall crop. During the hearings there were charges that the proposed order is instituted by Ocean Spray Cran- berries, Inc., and that it is attempt- ing to dominate the cranberry in- dustry and statements were made that the order would mean the demise of independent distrubutors. No Independent handlers testified in favor of the order. Most of the testimony under oath and the cross examining was decorous. There were about 50 or 60 in attendance much of the time. Ocean Spray now has about 80 per cent of production. At the start of the hearmg, Hear- ing Examiner Benjamin M. Hols- tein, USDA stated that the hearing was for three main purposes. These were: 1, Do cranberries grown in the cranberry areas move in and effect interstate commerce; 2, Is a Market Order for cranberries need- ed?; and 3, Will these marketing agreements and the marketing or- der promote the welfare of the cranberry industry? The entire first day of the hearing those in favor of the proposal. First witness was Orrin G. Colley, of Duxbury, who introduced himself as a cranberry grower and president of the Cranberry Institute. He said that the growers had studied the problems of surplus for a long tune. He said these surpluses had led to "depressed" earnings for the , growers. "We need a way to bal- , ance supply and demand. Can any- j one question this? He said the state- | ments of then secretary of Health, | Education and Welfare Arthur S. ' Flemming on Nov. 9, 1959, (the start of the "cranberry scare") had "de- stroyed" the cranberry market. Since that time the industry had been abnormally depressed but that the industry had begun a remarkable comeback, but even so the growers are still depressed. "Total revenue continues to fall far short." He re- ferred to the increase in production in the past few years. He said the industry presented a good oppor- tunity for a marketuig order as it is produced in only a few areas and there are a small number of hand- lers or distributors. He said the idea that marketing orders were government controlled is a misconception. The regulations are drawn up by a committee of 7 2^r:wers or their alternates. Mr. Colley was cross examined by Blair L. Perry, a Boston attorney, who said he was representing the Decas Brothers of Wareham, a growers company and also distribu- tors of cranberries. Mr. Perry con- tinued to sharply question nearly every witness who spoke in favor of the order. He asked if the witness knew of any independent handler who had a surplus and asked "isn't it true all the surplus is in the hands of Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc? (Answer "No." He asked ques- tions tending to show that Ocean Spray took surplus berries out to be dumped in Wareham. and that the surplus is artificially created. Mr. Perry also asked the question of Mr. Colley and other independents if Ocean Spray would sell them berries from its surplus. Richard Beeman of the U.S.D.A. also questioned Colley what he thought it cost to produce a barrel of cranberries and the latter re- plied he believed it was around $10.00. Colley said in reply to a ques- tion that it is probably possible for the industry to sell a million or a million and one or tA\'0 hundred more, but not a million and a half Eight barrels as the crop could well be at any time. George C. P. Olsson, Plymouth, president of Ocean Spray and a director of the Institute said the in- dustry was attempting to limit the number of barrels of cranberries which are being placed on the mar- ket through normal trade channels. He said if the growers follow the instructions of the agricultural ex- perts they are out to grow all the cranberries possible. Gilbert T. Beaton, Wareham grow- er, chairman of the Massachusetts marketing committee, and Eastern fresh fruit sales manager of Ocean Spray reviewed the cranberry indus- try from earliest days until the present. He led up to why he thought there would be larger production than could be consumed. He men- tioned water raking in Massachu- setts and New Jersey as is gener- ally done in Wisconsin and said that would lead to larger crops as a presently "lost" 20 percent would be harvested. He said it was his opinion that the order would provide better quality cranberries to the consumers and enhance the con- dition of the cranberry industry. He was questioned by Mr. Perry. He said he estimated the program would not cost more than $50,000 to adminis*-er, or three to five cents a barrel. He was on the stand for two hours, CoUey for slightly more. Mr. Beaton was questioned about Ocean Spray releasing berries to others and he said it was a hard and fast policy to offer these berries to others in bulk lots and this had always been done when it was possi- ble but there were a few times it was not. Ambrose E. Stevens, general man- ager and executive vice president of Ocean Spray, said the industry had im^proved conditions up to the time of the Flemming statement. He said the industry is now oerbaos back where it was before the Flemming statement, through heavy promotion particularly through advertising, but it would probably be much ahead of that exceot for this occurence. He said it is the intent of the industry to bring production and demand nearer together. Chester W. Robbins of Onset, a grower and also treasurer of Ocean Spray, was another witness for the proposal. He said there had been a surplus problem for eight or 9 years. He said there were too many berries in the freezer for the good of the industry and this fact led to depress- ed prices each year. G. Howard Morse. North Attle- boro reviewed the industry. He told how in the early days there was no surplus, and he spoke of early days of organized selling and that prior to canning there was no carry-over of berries as there is today. He said the crop is now going about 60 per- cent processed and 40 percent fresh. The importance of eliminating thie surplus to Wareham (and other cran- berry communities) was discussed by Kenneth D. Beaton, Wareham. He offered letters from the three local banks which told of the im- fwrtance upon the local economy when the cranberry business was poor, also of two garages, a depart- ment store (Oom well's) and of ad- verse effects upon the town of Car- ver where 50 percent of taxable property is in cranberries. As the principal export crop of Massachu- setts he said it effected the entire state. He said Wareham CMef of Police also said a cranberry depres- sion made for more crime. Dr. William T. Hampton, Ocean Spray research director told how the surplus not placed on the market might be placed in experiment to produce 7 by-products not now made frcm cranberries. Another witness, who said he was not speaking on the merits of the order at this time, was Anthony R. Briggs, grower, secretary of the Massachusetts mar- keting committee and manager of the J. J. Beaton Cranberry Company. (He later spoke in opposition.) Lawrence Proesch of Ocean Spray was another pro witness. Also engaging in cross-examining witnesses were Peter A. LeSage. in- dependent distributor of South Yar- mouth; John C. and John N. Decas; Leon April of April Bros., New Jer- sey growers and processors, was also a frequent questioner of the wit- ncsscs . Attorney George T. Finnigan of Boston appeared for Ocean Spray. The hearing of those in favor con- tinued into the second day. First wit- ness was Lawrence S. Cole, North Carver, who said the average grower would be the person most affected. He said it cost him more in 1961 ($11.50) to raise a barrel than he received. "I do not choose a market- ing order from choice but from necessity. It is needed," Mr. Cole said. Ben G. Pankuk of Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin, who is a director of the Cranberry Institute and presi- dent of Indian Trail, Inc., distribu- tors of fresh and processed cran- berries testified that he, as a direc- tor of the Institute did vote in favor cf the presentation of the matter of marketing agreements and orders being presented to the growers to ree if they wanted such an order or rot. He reserved his right to further testimoney to be read into the re- cord of the Wisconsin hearing. That he had had a big shrinkage cf berries last year, mainly because he was unable to ship when he wanted to was the statement of Eino F. Harju, South Carver who grows nearly 4,000 barrels. He said he be- lieved the order was a good thing and that every grower should have a chance to vote as he desired. The importance of tlhe cranberry industry to Wareham was discussed by Benjamin A. Merrihew, chairman of the board of Selectmen. He said if the order was a good thing for the industry he was in favor. He said total cranberry assessment in the town was $744,578, and brought in $50,000 in taxes. He further said the Ocean Spray plant at Onset had an annual payroll of about $325,000. "I sincerely believe the order wiU stabilize the industry," asserted Ly- mian C. Bryant, grower, East Ware- ham. He said he thought it would be good for the consumer and when needed the order can stabilize the industry. Marcus M. Urann, president of Cape Cod Cranberry Co., which is the second in produotion in the United States told of increased costs in all materials, labor and ma- chinery, and said he felt siuiplus has effected prices. He said the order would help the growers working to- gether in improving quality. "I be- heve the order, with a few changes as now drafted will benefit the en- tire industry." Other witnesses for were Alfred L. Pappi, grower, Wareham, as he said he believed the order woxild benefit all growers; PhiUp H. Gibbs, South Carver, and president of the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Asso- ciation, also felt the order would be helpful to the growers and "we should try and have it." David Mann, a Buzzards Bay grower said he wanted to go on record as in favor, and felt it would stabilize the mar- ket. He said he didn't know as prices would increase to the grower, but it would be possible to sell more fruit. Frank Cole, North Carver, said he believed the growers would be more united vmder an order, and said he was opposed to govern- ment subsidy. iStarting the opposition witnesses was John C. Decas. He said he wofked for Decas Bros., Wareham, growers and shippers. It developed as he testifed that he worked in the growing end and not in the distri- bution. He said: "We are absolutely opposed to the order. If we thought it would be good for the industry, we would back it." He said he thought the proponents and the U.S.D.A. were moving too fast in trying to obtain such an order. He said there had been no discussion of an alternative mea- sure. He said further the move could never be repealed if Ocean Spray did not want it. "If there is a surplus it is in the hands of Ocean Spray and artificially created. He said he would like to know how the movement started as it hadn't begun with a majority of the cranberry growers. "We have been able to make a liv- ing without the U.S.D.A.," Mr. Decas said, "except for the Flemming incident. He added, "We can't take the gamble of being under the secre- tary of agriculture. We can oiJy JJine Conclude Ocean Spray is trying to put the independents out of business and dominate the industry." He said the four Ocean Spray members of the Marketing Comimittee, could in- fluence the fifth meonlber of the 7- man board necessary to make a vote legal." He suggested as an alternative plan that a part of each grower's acres be held out of production to "reduce the surplus, if any." He was cross-examined by pro- ponents as those in favor had been cross-examined by those opposed. Many growers also took the oppor- tunity to question practically all witnesses to bring out various points. Robert Hiller, Rochester, who is employed by his father in cran- berry growing, and also employed by Peter A. LeSage, a distributor, and who hoped to become a distrib- utor himself, said he didn't think an order was needed. He said the industry needed comipetition and any kind of marketing order that would regulate storage would mean more expense for everybody. He said he thought the idea of an order had been sparked by some leader in Ocean Spray and that Ocean Spray would have government monopoly by this order. He said he thought the industry needed help but not the kind the order would require. Mr. LeSage declared he was against this marketing order or any marketing order. He said Ocean Spray had put three canners out of business already. He said he came into the cranberry biisiness 27 years ago and had always stood on his own two feet, "and done very well." He told growers that if they had any regard for the future of their sons in the cranberry business they should not get under a marketing order. He said any surplus exist- ing was only that of Ocean Spray, and he said he had paid his growers more money nine years out of the past ten than had Ocean Spray. Representing the J. J. Beaton Co., Wareham, cranberry growers, An- thony R. Briggs said that he wanted to enter complete disagreement that the marketing order is completely necessary. "I feel it is a matter of great concern." He said he was for free enter- prise, and he believed the price to growers under an order might go up or it might go down. He read at length from a trade journal which said that marketing orders often created more problems than they eliminated. Ralph Thacher, Marion grower, said he was very strongly opposed and that "surpluses will not be eliminated by a marketing order." He said it would be an expensive control measure. John N. Decas of the Decas iCo. took the witness stand with no pre- pared statement as had most of the previous speakers but answered questions conceraing the Decas Bros. Sales Co. Final opponent was John Cloud of Kingston, who has been in the business only since 1959. He said he entered the business, (believing in free enterprise and he would be very disappointed if he had to be so engaged under government control. He said he thought the growers should depend upon themselves and he said he was strongly in favor of producing better quality fruit and the growers must so price their fruit that it could compete with other similar products in the free con- sumer market. The hearing went into a night ses- sion Tuesday, which was the second part of the hearing and which con- cerned the consideration of specific provisions in the marketing order draft as first drawn up. First wit- ness was Maurice Makepeace, of Marion, treasurer of the A. D. Make- peace Co. Ben. G. Pannkuk of Wisconsin was a witness testifying as to the neces- sity of the committee to hire office personnel, to have funds for this purpose, for traveling and other ex- penses. These funds are to be ob- tained from assessments on the first handler of the cranberries, wIk) will in turn assess his growers. The make-up of .the cammittee of seven which is to administer the order was discussed by John C. iDeoas who at one point amended that all meetings of the committee be ipublic. He made a proposal that any action of the committee must ibe concurred in by all seven mem.- bers, rather than five. It was also discussed that this committee be imade up of three members from the "large cooperative" Ocean Spray and three from independents and one disinterested, such as an Ex- tension Service worker, as opposed to the original proposal for four from Ocean Spray and three from in- dependents. George C. P. Olsson read letters from four other groups which had marketing orders, these being almond, dates, raisin and walnut growers and which expressed satis- faction with marketing orders. Another proposal regarding the (marketing committee make-up came from Stanford Briggs of Dux- bury, who desired that no members of the 'board of directors of Ocean Spray toe on the committee. He said he thought the committee would give more impartial votes. Marcus M. Urann testified re- garding other provisions as to the accurate keeping of accounts and records by the committee, and that these records would be kept con- fidential. He said it was proposed that if the order is adopted that it come up for referendum by the growers every even year, (first in 1964) to see if a majority of the growers wanted the order terminated. In answer to a question, Mr. Urann said that in proposing the market order to the Secretary of Agriculture, the Crariberry Institute had acted on the vote of seven directors made up of four independents and three from Ocean Spray. Final witnesses were from the U.S.D iA., these being M. Fisher Kee, from the inspector division who gave evidence as to U.S. grades for cranberries; and Lewis Manus of .the Boston office of the U.S.D. A. inspection, who told of costs of in- spection. George Dever Jr., USDA, was the last witness who gave a summing up of routine provisions of a marketing order. He said the Secretary sets a date for the order to be effective if it is granted and he may terminate it any time if it is not fulfilling its intent. Concluding the hearing the master explained the filing of briefs so they could be filed if any one wished to. Mr. Colley proposed the limit for this be set as May first and John C. Decas suggested May 31. Officials being in attendance at the hearing besides Examining Mas- ter Holstein, Mr. Dever and Mr. Beeman were Norman C. Healey, acting chief of the fruits division and Miss Catiierine Kent, an attorney. Testimony recorder was Harvey Kramer of New York. The testimony from the hearings constituted U.S.D.A. document 80341. There are at present 22 fruits under marketing order. NEW CANNERY FOR WAREHAM, MASS? At the Wareham marketing hear- ing, Ralph Thacher, prominent grow- er, testifying in opposition to the movement anounced briely that a new canning plant, capable of pro- cessing up to 100,000 barrels of cran- berries a year, was coming to Ware- ham. He declined, and has since de- clined to name the ownership or the sight of the factory. He did say it was coming "very soon." This has aroused a lot of specula- tion, which, as this goes to press, has not been answered. NEW Wise. ACREAGE A report comes from Wisconsin that approximately 150 acres will be planted this spring. These will be mostly Searles, although there will be 10-15 of the new Stevens and about the same of Ben Lears. I Jersey Growers Divided On Market Order But Majority Appeared in Favor at Hearing with Most Independents Opposing. About 60 growers attended the New Jersey cranberry miarketing order bearing at Mt. Holly, March 30, with the majijority testifying in f aivor of the program. [However, as in Massachusetts, independent handlers and others testified in opposition. Those testifying in favor included, John E. Cutts, large grower, Ed- ward V. Lipmian of Ocean Spray and a large grower, Theodore H. Budd, prominent and large grower, Leon April, processor and grower. Orrin G. Colley president of the Cranberry Institute led the group in favor and was assisted by Gilbert T. Beaton of Massachusetts, Ocean Spray. Vinton Thompson, independent, sent a disposition protesting the plan. The witnesses opposing included, Walter Z. Fort, of Growers Cran- berry Company, independent co- operative, who said his group can market more berries than th^ harvest and received a better than average return last year. John Mo- rello of Minot Food Packers also testified as opposed. Auguments presented by both (groups were much similar to thoPE in Massachusetts. It was testified that consideration was being given to having two neutral members on tlhe marketing committee of seven, and that the cost of the proposal would be only from 3 to 5 cents per barrel, and also possibly no com- pulsory inspection of fruit. Wisconsin Growers Not Agreed On Order Ocean Spray Speakers and Others For — Independents Opposed There was sharp disagreement on the merits of the cranberry market- ing order expressed at the hearing at Wisconsin Rapids, April 2. Speak- ers for Ocean Spray and others were lined up for the proposal, wihile in- dependents and some others testi- fied in opposition. There were some rather sharp, and sparkling excihang- es. Orrin G. Colley of Massachiusetts and president of the Cranberry In- stitute again led the supporters of the proposal with Gilbert T. Beaton, Massachusetts and an official of Ocean Spray participating also in favor. A cranberry grower for more than 50 years, Charles L. Lewis of Shell Lake supported the project by de- claring that poorer quality fruit could be placed in the set-aside. Growers could save packing and other costs, he said. Miss Jean Nash, a Wisconsin Rapids grower affiliated with Ocean Spray said excess barrelage of 200,- 000 to 400,000 barrels would "not disappear by itself." Stable prices can be maintained if surpluses can be controlled, declared Ray Habelman, Tomah, a lange pro- ducer who marketed his own crops before joining Ocean Spray. Opposition to the order was ex- pressed by Vernon Goldsworthy of Eagle River, a large grower and president of the independent C!ran- berry Products, Inc., Eagle River. IHe said he feared an order would put his company out 'jf business because the regulations \^•ouId not provide enough tonnage lor his firm. He said his firm was formed to specialize in the development of new products for cranberries. He said that orders tor canned products at Cranberry Products ex- ceeded its supply. He further pointed out that some of the Ocean Spriay surplus could be wiped out by selling to independents, but that this co- operative held up the price by put- ting berries out of reach. Also testi- fying against were Charles Golds- worthy of Eagle River, who stressed the need to push for increased sales and creating expanded markets. An- other opposed, was Ralph Sampson of the Eagle River company who said the order would take away the system of free enterprise and would develop complacency on the part of the grower. Joining in the opposition was Wil- Uam F. Huffmian, Wisconsin Rapids, grower and official of Indian Trail, Inc., of Wisconsin Rapids. He said there would be no guarantee pf higher prices to the growers, adding that a marketing order would be "self-defeating." He said if an "artificial shortage" is achieved and prices ore greatly increased for several years, new production will come on the market. More and more of the supply would have to be kept off the market to keep prices up, he testified. Ben G. Pannkuk, Wisconsin Rapids grower and president of Indian Trail stated that his firm and other "in- dependents" had been able to sell their cranberry tonnage in previous years. The surpluses have been in the hands of Ocean Spray, he as- serted, but that agency has not work- ed with other handlers in a maxi- mum effort to sell the annual excess. "A vote for a marketing order is to a large measure surrendering our economic independence," he claimed " and an admission on the part of the proponents (of the order) of their failure." Testimony for the proposal was given by Tony Jonjak, a large grow- er of Hayward and a director of Ocean Spray. Opposition was registered by others, including F. F. Mengel and C. A. Getzin, Wisconsin Rapids, Fred Barber and William Barber of War- rens,; Walter Case, Tamah. Order Further Discussed At Cape Spring Meet Pros and Cons Explained at Spring Meeting of Group Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' As- sociation held its annual spring meet- ing April 11, at Warebam Memorial Town HaH in the form of a panel discussion in wfhioh the proposed marketing order for cranberries was discussed by a panel of speakers having a varied experience with the subject. About one hundred were present at the meeting beginning at 7:30 and lasting until shortly after ten. President Philip H. Giibbs of South Carver acted as moderator and said the association had gone to great lengths to assemble the panel. One of the points stressed by the speakers was whether or not an order would be of 'benefit to the pantjiiciular indutstry; another was that a marketing order will not solve a continuous surplus problem; a third was grower support must be there to make an order successful; and fourth, that it is a program of the Federal Government and the power of decision is in the final hands of the secretary of agricul- ture. It was called a "good tool" however, if properly used. First speaker was Orrin G. Colley, president of the Cranberry Institute which is spearheading the market order proposal. "This is a giant step the industry is considering," he said, "and one designed to raise the price through orderly marketing." He reviewed the marketing order provisions and reminded those pres- ent that May 1 has been decided as the deadline for filing briefs on the provisions of the order and ex- plained that after the recommenda- tions by the secretary of agricul- ture had been made there is an- other opportunity to file briefs be- fore the vote of the growers by bal- lot which will be in June. He said a summary will be included with the ballot given to every known grower. The referendum requires a two-thirds vote by growers or by volume and 50 percent of handlers by volume for the m'arketing agreement. He said this is an enabling docu- ment to enable people to work to- gether and the order should put the industry into the frame of mind to sell more. The order does not set prices, but can help adjust supphes, he said, and cannot beat the law of supply and demand. "The industry must still work hard to help itself and the "order is not magic and does not produce miracles." Speaking in the place of Joseph Parker of Washington, D.C., attor- ney for the Cranberry Institute, Gil- bert T. Beaton, chairman of the Massachusetts marketing order com- mittee went back to 1955 when the first market order proposal came up, and read from records of the Cape Cod Cranberry Grower's Asso- ciation with which the Cranberry Growers' Mutual was merged ait that time. The intent was then to investigate the merits of marketing agreements and an order. He warn- ed of the probable increase in the production of cranberries; in New Jersey through water raking, in Massachusetts, and of the high num- ber of barrels per acre in Wisconsin end on the West Coast, and of the coming increase of acreage in Wash- ington. He said that more cranberries must be sold and that only 50 per- cent of the people eat cranberries now. He said that if under a mar- keting order "the industry sits back and doesn't work hard to sell more berries, it would kill any good re- sults of the order. He was the only lone who had at- tended all the cranberry hearings in Massachusetts, New Jersey, Wis- consin and in Washington and had also just visited Lulu Island in Twelvp British Vancouver where bog is gouig in at the cost of $300 an acre. Cruz Venstrum, assistant director, commodity services, California Farm Bureau Federation of Berkeley, Cali- fornia, was the next speaker. He said he thought a marketing order is a good tool. He said the basic position of aigreements and orders is entirely valid with free enterpriise. He said the California Farm Bureau Federation is now entirely in ac- cord with marketing orders. Mar- keting orders always bring some problems, he continued, one of these being when it was attempted to restrict new growers and new hand- lers. "The main job is to learn how to use this tool." He spoke of industry advertising, and said this had been done with some marketing orders. But, he added advertising was an intangible thing, and in at least one case non-advertised commodity had ex- ceeded in growth one which did ad- vertise. He said a marketing order cannot deal with all the side effects which may come up when a marketing order is put into effect. He said that when volume is limited, (as is the rroposal in cranberries) this tends to raise the price, and then on the ether hand the higher prices may stimulate more production. "The move is usually towards fewer people : id greater acreage." He said the higher prices should not be over-emphasized. He warned that a marketing order r'oes not solve a continuing surplus problem. He made the recommen- f^ation that a competent third party rovie-v the results of the marketing? ^rd-^r after a short term of its being in effect, or he said there would be ■ iro-ucrati? continuation. All marketing orders have not -eked well, according to Prof. Elm- rcon Babb, department of Agricul- '■"t1 Economics, Purduo University. ^ "iavette, Indiana, the next speakei ""? mentioned the fact that all of the rreas have to be regulated and a rrarketing order is often more suc- 'rssful if there is a small number of handlers, as is the case in the cran- berry industry. One of the side ef- fects of an order is that sometimes an industry "kind of lets things go." Another point is that sometimes some areas are benefitted while other areas get no benefit. He added some dealers might be benefitted while others might not. 'The success of the order depends on what kind of a job the marketing -committee does," he concluded, "and that marketing orders are probably more successful in creating orderly xnar'keting conditions than any other objective." Final speaker was John Datt, as- sistant legislative director, Americ Farm Bureau Federation, Washi ton, D. C. He assented that it wj "our" position that the cranberry dustry should have a chance to de^ cide if it wanted a marketing order I or not. He stressed the success of any program depends on local sup- port, and that an order will not work without it. He said in most cases a short run benefit is greater than a long run benefit. He also spoke very seriously 'of t3ie role of a large cooperative (refer- ring to Ocean Spray which has about 80 percent of cranberry production) that it was not usual that this situa-{ tion was found. He said such a large I cooperative could work to the detri-l ment of other handlers. I He raised the question of whether' the loss of individual freedom was worth giving up in the disposal of the crop. XEW! NEW! NEW! ORTHO: FERTIHZERS We have the great new Ortho Fertilizers you've read about in Successful Farming, and in your state farm paper. Come in soon, and let's talk about your particular fertilizer needs, F. R. Morse & Son, Inc. CRANBERRY HIGHWAY WEST WAREHAM, MASS. CY 5-1553 Talk Given Before Cranberry Growers In March John "Stan" Norton (Engineer at Massachusetts Cranberry Experiment Station) Today I will give a brief sketch of the entire engineering program as it was carried out last year. I think that I will follow the chronological order in which the machinery work was done and then finish with the irrigation program. RENOVATION Our first field work in the spring was our renovation project. We went to find out if it is possible to take a piece of run-out, shallow rooted Ibog and bring it back into good pro- duction through a cultivation opera- tion followed by a program of irri- gation and fertihzation. It is hoped that the main weed to contend with will be summer grass which can be controlled by Simazine. The renovating implement is a concrete-filled drum which is equip- ped with 16, 12" X 41/0" blades. The unit weighs about 1000 pounds and as it is drawn behind the tractor the blades shear through the vines and, it is hoped, reset the cuttings which will root if kept moist. The idea is that there will be many of these cuttings set deeper than the old root system, thus increasing the stand of vines within a year or two. The implement has been rebuilt and is new equipped with 120, 3" wide blades. DITCH CLEANING Our next project was the final field testing of the ditch cleaner be- fore going ahead with drawing plans and preparing the bulletin which is now available. This has giown from an electric motor driven shaft with a blade on the end, the Whole thing mounted on a 4-foot 2x6, to the machine now completed. The first bog we worked on had a main ditch about 1000 feet long, but most of the drainage was around the shore ditch because the main ditch was choked with reeds. The water level m the main ditch drop- ped a foot after one pass of the cut it to a width and depth of 18 inches at a rate of two feet per mmute. After we learned the right tech- nique we were able to move through a growth of smart weed at 4-5 feet per minute, taking a 30-inch cut. The density of growth was about 15 pounds of drained material per square foot of ditch surface. It is obvious that the machine was doing a reasonably good job. In the preceding tests the debris was discharged through the natural drainage. This next year we intend to experiment further with pumping the trash on to the upland with a trash pump. We may also use a 10 HP engine in place of the 5 HP one on the chopper. BULK HARVEST Prior to the harvest season we made some changes on the bulk har- vesting equipment. In 1960 we used a side delivery elevator. We changed this to rear delivery and put on a weight to counter balance the ele- vator for the 1961 tests. These chang- es made it much easier for the buggy operator to keep in position under the elevator. We picked about 30 barrels this way. WATER-HARVEST The water-harvest experiments were continued last season. We did not get the outstanding differences between the water-harvested plots and dry-harvsted plots that we had p-o'ten in 1960. even though this was the third year of the studv. I think th?t one reason the differences were fmall was that set had been very good on the State Bog and field rot was so high that the combination masked the possible yield effects of water-harvesting. Irving Demoranville and "Dick Eeattie described the post harvest handling of some of the water-har- vested berries last month. Both storage rot and shelf life date indi- cated little difference betwen dry- machine. The cleaning rate ranged harvsted and water-harvested br- from 2' to 5' per minute. After that ^^^^• We cleaned a lateral that was two- thirds filled with sand and mud. We Three growers picked small areas in water last year and dried the berries on the Station drier. The capacity of the drier is only 6-8 bar- rels an hour so they could not bring in as many berries as they would like to have. However, these runs were significant since they indicated that it will probably be necessary for Massachusetts growers to either include a washer with the drier or not try to water-harvest berries witih m.ore than a couple percent fruit- worm and field rot. EXPERIMENTAL SEPARATOR Very little work was done on the experimental separator this past winter. It was attached to a large fan in an attempt to draw the ber- ries between the roller by vacuum, but this did not improve its opera- tion over the use of press rollers. It still is not superior to the con- ventional separator. However, it did make an excellent trash and rot re- mover when converted into a washer for our water-harvested berries. IRRIGATION During the past year a tremendous interest in irrigation for frost pro- tection has developed. I imagine some of this renewed interest is due to the availablility of federal loans for irrigation. I beUeve that there are thousands of acres of cranberry bogs where irrigation systems can pay for themselves in a relatively short time. The low gallonage system that we installed at the Cranberry Station fcur years ago has provided ade- quate frost protection. In tests that we have run we have maintained S2fe vine temperatures with the tcm.perature in the unprotected vines faUing as low as 8°F. Below is a brief table of average temperatures maintained under the sprinklers vs. unprotected vine temperatures. The last two comparisons are for nights in late November or De- cember when there was some wind. Although there were reports that injury occurred on irrigated bogs last May 30-31, I am convinced that it cccurred when the sprinkler sys- tem was not operating. It probably happened before the system was started. I would also venture to say that it occurred along the sheltered Protected vines Unprotected vines 31.7° - 15.5° 31.3° 20.8° 31.9° 23.8° 31.5° 26.5° 29.2° 25.8° 23.3° 23.6° Thirteen shores and perhaps even in small depressions in the middle of the bog. To prevent recurring frost injury on irrigated bogs the thermometer should be at vine level in the spot most sheltered from prevailing bree- zes. It might also be advisable to start the irrigation system while the temperature is still several degrees above the danger level. Although portable aluminum irriga- tion systems are the handiest be- cause they are easy to install and are readily taken up in the fall, I have been studying the plastic pipe system because they are less costly. The saving comes in approximately $100 worth of small plastic pipe and fittings replacing $350 worth of 2" aluminum lateral for each acre. The main line, in both cases, would be aluminum. The irrigation system is not only useful for frost protection and irri- gation, but can also be used to ap- ply most types of sprays and some types of fertilizer. With this broad base to work from, it can be seen that irrigation systmes can pay for themselves. Insect Control Wm. E. Tomlinson, Jr. The year 1961 was a fruitworm year, in Massachusetts. The season was late , moths were plentiful and timing of sprays was difficult. It was also a girdler year. Other cran- berry insects were about normal in numbers. During the season, the insecticide Sevin was given official approval for use on cranberries for control of fruitworm, Sparganothis, black- headed fireworm and leaf hoppers. After one years exerience with it on a large scale there are mixed re- actions to it. Control of fireworms, leafhoppers, and Sparganithis ap- peared excellent, but fruitworm re- sults were somewhat erratic. If tim- ing was late fruitworm just kept on chewing, and in addition there was an indication of bees repellency on some bogs. All of this confusion was heightened by the effects of the May 30 frost, the late cool season which prolonged oviposition, and a more abundant than normal moth supply. The black light trap was run again at the State Bog and attempts were made to correllate trapping with development of bloom and berries on the bog. The first moth trapped was within one night of the 1960 date but moths were in flight at least a week earlier on bogs in the area, having been netted on June 6 on a dry bog in Carver. The cooler season is Indi- cated by the later peak date and later 50% moth trap date. The last moth was caught on the night of September 13. Total moths trapped was 534, or 52 more than 1960. The moths were not examined for sex in 1980 but in 1961 females outnum- bered males 337 to 197. Sparganothis trapping showed a similar trend with peaks coming somewhat later than in 1960. Of in- terest is the greater attractiveness of black light to males than to fe- males of this species. 298 males to 24 fetmales were caught. This is a ratio of close to 12 to 1. Weekly observations during the blooming period in 1981 showed that the progress of bloom is extremely variable even on the same section of a bog. There was a scattering of bloom on the State Bog Early Blacks on June 19, less than 1 % . A week later, on June 26, 25% of the buds were in open bloom and an occa- £:ionaI berry had set. The exact time of mid-bloom was not ascer- tained, nor is it easily determined. It was noted that a 50% open bloom count occurred a considerabk length of time before and also aftei closed bloom and set berries wen equal. Without an exact daily count mid-bloom was calculated to be close to July 2 to 4 on the State Bog Earlj Blacks. MacFarlin bloom was verj close to the Blacks, while Howej were about a week later. More fre- quent observations and counts ir more normal years than 1%1 are needed to tie down these progress of bloom and fruitworm activity ob- servations. However, it is obvious from the two years trapping records that moths are present before ber- ries set and are still in fUght long after the last bloom drops. The search for a systemic insecti- cide that will effectively control small fruitworm larvae in the fruit was continued in 1961 without a spectacular breakthrough being made. Several materials show pro- mise and work along this line will! be continued. Sticky board traps have been run* on cranberry bogs and various other; Ericaceous hosts for a number ofl years now to ascertain the insects' that are active on the various hosts. Some interesting entomological re-' cords are emerging from this pro-i gram. We encounter a leafhopp>er< or sheep laurel and leatherleaf that' was described as a new species by a Canadian entomologist in 1952. Re- cently while examining some leaf- nummary of cranberry fruitworm moth catches, 1960 and 1961. 1960 1961 First moth trapped June 13 50% of total trapped July 2 Last moth trapped Aug. 30 Date of peak catch June 30 No. trapped in peak catch 38 Tc,t?.\ catch for season 482 Total males — Total females — Summary of Sparganothis fruitworm catches, June 12 July 10 Sept. 13 July 3 86 534 197 337 1960 and 1961 1960 1961 First moth trapped First moth fhght peak Second moth peak Last moth trapped Total moth trapped Total males trapped Total females trapped June 14 June 28 (13) Aug. 31 (10) Sept. 9 141 June 12 July 3 (20) Sept. 6 (23) Oct. 10 322 298 24 toppers collected by Dr. Franklin in sheep laurel back in 1932, when alse blossom vectors were being nvestigated, I found three specimens )f this same species. It apparently ioes not feed on cranberry so is not I false blossom vector, but it was nteresting to find that it was col- ected by Dr. Franklin but not rec- )gnized as a new and different spe- cies 20 years before it was described. The blunt-nosed leafhopper is equally at home on leatherleaf and cranberry, and also occurs but in nuch fewer numbers on sheep lau- ?el, bearberry and huckleberry. Any jr all of these hosts serve as a con- tinucus source of bog reinfestation. Spittlebug is very much at home on most of our native Ericaceae. Cran- berry weevil is most common on the edible berry forms — blueberry, huckleberry and cranberry, but was not uncommon on leatherleaf. The sharp-nosed leafhopper that spreads a virus on cultivated blueberries limilar to stunt on cranberries is found on most all Ericaceae but was ,>nost abundant on sheep laurel, lea- itherleaf and blueberry. I A leaf beetle, Triachus cerimus jwas collected on cranberry at Mid- dlboro during 1961 by Ken Beaton. [It did not cause any great amount liDf damage and is probably unim- iportaiit, but it is interesting that cranberry is apparently a new host frecord for this insect. Wisconsin 1961 Season The sunny, snowless weather of December and early January was very favorable for sanding and many of the growers took advantage of these conditions. Winter floods were put on with the advent of below zero temperatures in mid-December, and the beds were frozen in without any trouble, although with no or dittle snow cover frost in some in- stances reached a depth of six feet. February and March' continued mild and sunny with no snows until late in March. April was cold, cloudy and windy. Winter floods were re- nnioved from mid-April to late in the month, depending on the location. Vines with an excellent budding came through the winter and very little leaf drop or winter injury oc- curred. May continued cold and dry, so that reflows due to lack of water were left on for ten days or more. Frequent floodings during May also interfered with the proper appUca- tion of solvents. Other than the freeze of June 14, which caught some few growers, the month was favorable to the growth of the vines. Some hooking occurred by the third week. With two weeks of dry sunny weather in early July, full bloom was recorded about July 10, in the south, although this con- dition was not attained until a week or ten days later in the northern bogs. August weather was very favorable to the growth of the berries, since it was warm (including the nights), sunny and with a sufficient rain fall in the form of thunderstorms to once again fill up the reservoirs in the Central bogs. However, the Northwest area became progressive- ly drier each succeeding month. Favorable weather continued on into September. Harvest started the week of September 18 and continued well into October. In spite of a cold dry spring which delayed the development of the vines, conditions were conducive to good pollination and fruit set, so that both a bottom and top crop was at- tained. Unfortunately, berries did not reach maximum size, especially in the north. Final yields for the state averaged better than 100 bbls./A. Some local hail losses were re- ported in June in the northeast and again in August in the Warrens- Mather-Tom ah and City Point areas, with losses from 10 to 30% of the potential yield. Black headed fireworms remained under good control, with no "brown- outs," except on a few bogs with an inadequate control program. Tip- worms, leafhoppers and other mis- cellaneous insects were well-controll- ed where a complete program was followed. Very little damage was caused by fruitworms except where poor timing and inadequate amounts of insecticides were appUed. Cran- berry insects so far do not appear to have built up any resistance to the organic Phosphorous compounds employed since 1951. Loose strife borers are increasing in numbers and on some bogs are responsible for up to a 20% reduc- tion of this bothersome perennial. Never have I observed bees so active over such a long period. Bee- keepers reported honey yields great- er than in any year in the last de- cade. Bumble bees were less num- erous, perhaps due to the depth and severity of winter frost. Field and storage rots were held at a mimnmum where proper timing of fungicides were apphed. Black rots, and especially end rots, were decidedly less, but the fungal spots are still increasing. An application of fungicide the fore part of August seems to control the spotting, espe- cially in Searles. More and more growers are learn- ing the proper requirements of their bogs, so far as the amount of fer- tilizers best suited to optimum vine rrc'wth and yields. During the year, Weed-Rhap and Simazine were approved for use at the proper concentrations and times on Wisconsin bogs. The use of Dala- pon has decreased since its action is primarily limited to wide leaf, bunch grass and spiked sedge. Some amino-triazole was applied on young, non-tproductive beds with good re- sults, on a variety of grasses and weeds. Dr. Dana is continuing his research on weed control with sev- eral new compyounds not yet ap- proved for general use. All in all, the 1961 season was quite favorable for optimum yields, except in the north, where berries did not attain maximum size. Ber- ries of good keeping qualities moved into the fresh fruit market in an orderly manner and at a stabilized price which has encouraged the growers after the 1959 debacle. Geo. L. Peltier Cranberry Consultant Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin READ CRANBERRIES DO YOU UNDERSTAND THE BIBLE? For helpful FREE booklet, write to: Christadelphian Bible Society 172 Jefferson Avenue Everett 49, Massachusetts Speaking of hats, at Easter or othertimes; Miss Betty Biichan of Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. is shown in this little number of a cran- berry hat. It combines a scoop of cranberries with cranberry blossom. (Cut courtesy of Food Marketing in New England, publication of the First National Stores, Inc.) x^;ew herbicide J. Richard Beattie, Massachusetts cranberry speciahst has announced that on March 22 the USDA regis- tered and approved for iise on cran- berries 20 percent granular Chloro IPC for weed control. The only re- commendations for its use in Massa- chusetts made by the Cranberry Experiment Station were for April, sorrel, 20 percent Chloro IPC, 75 lbs. per acre, distributed evenly on dry vines; and May 1 to bud-break for tear thumb, 20 percent granu- lated chloro IPC, fireweed, 50 lbs., per acre distributed evenly on dry vines and also for summergrass. Sixteen A caution was added that there is a possibility that the higher rate or uneven application at the lower rate may reduce the crop somewhat. This is a dormant application only and is not approved for use after the start of new growth. Western Pickers Parts and Repairs Agent for 1961 Model ORDER NOW J. E. BRALEY & SON MACHINE SHOP 78 Gibbs Ave Wareham, Mass. HAVE YOUR REPAIRfl DONE NOW FOR SALE 80 SHARES COMMON STOCK OCEAN SPRAY CRANBERRIES, INC. Write "A" c/o CRANBERRIES WAREHAM, MASS. OCEAN SPRAY TO TRY TO INTRODUCE CRANBERRIES TO YOUNG GENERATION Ocean Spray plans in its 1962 campaign to add a promotion to the Home Economics teachers in schools throughout the United States. This is in an effort to acquaint the younger generation with the merits of using freslh cranberries as a food. It is hoped if this program is successful, that an increased market for cran- berries will be developed among young householders which is now lacking. OCEAN SPRY HAS NEW ADVERTISING AGENCY Ocean Spray Cranberries has an- nounced the appointment of a new advertising agency. This is McCann- Erickson of New York, one of the largest of all such agencies. It has branches all over the world, and these services would be available as Ocean Spray expands business in foreign countries. McCann-Erickson was selected from 12 agencies who presented their services before Ocean Spray; these MANZATE Cranberry Pesticides and Fertilizers Farm Supplies LAWRENCE WARD SUMMER STREET PLYMOUTH Pilgrim 6-097 HARRY T. FISHER JR. PURCHASE STREET MIDDLEBORO MIDDLEBORO 2133-W 12 being chosen from more thail 70 agencies who called in for the privilege of being heard. Among the accoimts of the agency are, Coca- Cola, Minute-Maid Orange Juice, Nestle's Chocolate, Del Monte and California Walnuts. R. F. MORSE & SON, INC. Cranberry Highway West Wareham, Mass. CY 5-1553 Suppliers of DuPont MANZATE (Maneb Fungicide) Special report to cranberry growers on DuPont MANZATE" MANEB FUNGICIDE for effective control Fruit rots can cause serious damaige in cranberry bogs, reducing growers' yields and profits, too. These diseases cannot be cured, but they can be prevented— with Du Pont "Manzate" maneb fungi- cide. In the January 1962 issues of Cranberries, Dr. Bert M. Zuckerman (Massachusetts Cranberry Experi- ment Station) states that on the basis of six years of fungicide trials, "maneb is the best fungicide among those currently recommended" for cran- berries. In addition, maneb "gave superior disease control," while berries from untreated plots showed an average of 27.3 % rot after six weeks of storage. Du Pont "Manzate" maneb is a webtable powder that's safe and easy to use. It wont clog nozzles or corrode equipment. Tough on diseases but mild on plants, "Manzaite" won't stunt growth or cause foliage yellowing. This year, for more effective control of cranberry diseases, spray "Manzate" at regular intervals. Get better spray coverage by adding Du Pont Spreader-Sticker to the mixture. For full informa- tion on "Manzate" for powerful disease protection, write: E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., (Inc.) Industrial and Biochemicals Dept., Room N-2543, Wilmington 98, Delaware On all chemicals, follow labeling instructions aud warnings carefully. BPOE PES. U.S. PAT. Off. Better Things for Better Living through Chemistry NOW use mww INSECTICIDE to control cranberry insects New, effective and safer-to-use SEVIN insecticide is ideal for control of major insect pests that attack cranberries. Use SEVIN in the late blossom period and again whenever insects attack. SEVIN destroys cutworms, fire- worms, fruitworms, Japanese beetles and leaf- hoppers, including the leafhoppers that spread false blossom disease. The long-lasting residue of SEVIN assures continuing kiU of insects between applications. Sevin is a registered trade mark of Union Carbide Corporation. Even in the hottest weather, SEVIN residues provide long-lasting results. Safec'-to-use than many insecticides, SEVIN is lov/ in toxicity to humans, livestock and fish. Spray or dust operators, using SEVIN, do not require special protective clothing. They only need to observe simple precautions. Workers can return to the bogs soon after application. SEVIN is effective in concentrate or dilute sprays and dusts. If will pay you to use SEVIN this year. Ask your supplier for SEVIN now. Or write Union Carbide Chemicals Company, Division of Union Carbide Corporation, 270 Park Avenue, New York 17, N. Y. AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS fidJtT^iSJal^ ISSUE OF APRIL, 1962 VOL 26 - NO. 12 The cranberry marketing order hear- ings have been held, the Secretary of Agri- culture will make his decision to approve the provisions or not, and eventually the cranberry growers will vote on this mo- mentous proposal. The hearings brought out that the industry is by no means united either on the need of such an order, or if it would do any good for the industry. We think the directors of Cranberry Institute in sponsoring the plan to bring it before the growers were doing the right thing. We nearly had such an order back in 1956 by a vote of the growers, and the matter has been in the minds of growers for the past year and more. Its principal benefit would be to prevent an over-supply in cranberry production through orderly marketing and the set-aside provision. There seems no doubt that a surplus, whether it was all, or mostly, in the hands of Ocean Spray or not, has hung over the entire industry and depressed prices. The opponents, as brought out in the hearings were chiefly the so-called "inde- pendent" handlers. Some growers, of course, both those of Ocean Spray and the independents are opposed. The indepen- dents feel that the order is not good and would promote the interests of Ocean Spray unduly and would act to their own detriment. We would not want to see in- dependents harmed or eliminated from the marketing picture. This would not be for the best interests of the industry, in our opinion. One thing the hearings have done is to stir up controversy within the in- dustry again, but that could scarcely be helped. We shall know the results of the proposal when the growers vote individ- ually, and in a longer sense when the order is in effect and has been tried out — if it is approved by the Secretary. We believe that is a very good step toward a larger market for cranberries, which Ocean Spray is taking including in its campaign for selling the 1962 crop, of adding a promotion to the Home Eco- nomics teachers in schools throughout the nation. It has been said that the bulk of cranberry consumption by housewives is in the over 35-year-old group. If the CLARENCE J. HALL Editor and Publisher EDITH S. HALL— Associate Editor Wareham, Massachusetts SUBSCRIPTIONS, $3.50 Per Year, FOREIGN, $4.50 CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin LEO A. SORENSON Cranberry Consultant Wisconsin Rapids Wisconsin Washington Dr. CHARLES C. DOUGHTY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. Oregon GRANT SCOTT Coquille, Ore. Massachusetts Dr. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. New Jersey P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey younger home makers can be induced to use cranberries it should strengthen the general cranberry market in coming years. There IS always something new under the sun. One such event was the "school'' held for custom operators and suppliers at the Massachusetts Cranberry Experi- ment Station last month. More than 90 percent of this group showed up at the school to receive suggestions and instruc- tions as to how they might better serve the cranberry growers of Massachusetts. The "school" was led by Cranberry Spe- cialist "Dick" Beattie and the instructors were members of the Station research staff. SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS I^JIII^BlWM ■IIMIIMll ' llWII IIM~>I^I" WiSCOISlN HEADQUARTERS FOR INSECTICIDES — FUNGICIDES HERBICIDES DUSTS — WETTABLE POWDERS — EMULSIONS PARATHION — MALTHION FERBAM — SIMAZINE DITHANE M - 22 (Maneb) WEED RHAP 20 Hopkins AgricuStural Chemical Co. p. O. BOX 584 MADISON, WISCONSIN Phone ALpine 7 - 1019 INDIAN TRAIL, Inc. WOK KING— MERCHANDIZING— SELLING WISCONSIN-GROWN CRANBERRIES 12 Months of the Year Movmg FRESH — FROZEN— — CANNED & JUICE — Striving always to move TOP-QUAL- ITY products at TOP PRICES for bet- ter returns to WISCONSIN Growers. P. 0. BOX 710, WIS. RAPIDS, WIS. GEO. C. P. OLSSON NAMED TO NATIONAL BOARD George C P. Olsson of Plymouth, President of Ocean Spray Cranber- ries, Inc., has been appointed to serve on the Marketing and Foreign Trade Conference Grcup cf the Na- tional Council of Farmer Coopera- tives for the current year. The ap- pointment was made by the Council's President, Howard H. Gordon. Mr. Olsson is a member of the Council's Policy Committee. Fresh From The Fields (Continued from Page 6) ago. Precipitation during March to- talled 5.91 inches, according to re- cords kept at Cranguyma. This is well below the average and consid- erably less than the 13.91 inches which fell in the third month last year. Rain fell on 13 days. Temperatures Temperatures ranged from a low of 25 degrees on the 9th and 12th to a high of 68 on the 29 and 30th. A complete line of Sprinkler Irriga- tion fc- Frost and Drought Protec- tion. Can or Will Help Finance FRANKES IRRIGATION 523 Post Rd.. (Hy. 51 So.) Steve.is Point, Wisconsin SPRINKLER SYSTEMS PUMPS HIGH CAPCITY WELLS ROBERTS IRRIGATION SERVICE STEVENS POINT WISCONSIN SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS FOR SALE SEARLES JUMBO HOWES, McFARLIN Vines for delivery in 1962 $125.00 Ton F.O.B. INTERESTED IN PURCHASING WISCONSIN CRANBERRY PROPERTIES Vernon Goldsworthy B.S. & M.S. University of Wisconsin Cranberry Onsultant Fees Reasonable EAGLE RIVER WISCONSIN "^^vy «*. ^j?'-?«*>' ^iSi^.ii'-^^- '-.j^JUr. DANA MACHINE & SUPPLY Co. Wis. Rapids Wis. MFfiS. of: SPRAY BOOMS GRASS CLIPPERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS Getsinger Retracto tooth pickers Dryers DISTR. of: VEE BELTS & PULLEYS ROLLER CHAINS SPROCKETS & BEARINGS CONVEYOR BELTING STEEL Your Foreman Deserves A Subscription to Cranberries; too OUR PRODUCTS Strained Cranberry Sauce Whole Cranberry Sauce Cransweets Diced Cransweets Cranberry Apple Sauce Cranberry-Strawberry Preserves Cranberry-Cherry Preserves Cranberry-Pineapple Preserves Cranberry-Raspberry Preserves Cranberry-Rhubarb Preserves Cranberry-Gooseberry Preserves Sliced and Whole M Spiced Cranberries Cranberry Chilli Sauce Cranberry Bar-B-Q Sauce Cranberry Orange Relish Cranberry Vinegar Cranberry Juice Cran-Beri Cran-Vari Cran-Puri Cranberry Puree Cran-Bake araschino Cranberries Consumer Size & Bulk Fresh Cranberries Cranberry Products, Inc. EAGLE RIVER, WISCONSIN CORRUGATED CULVERT PIPE and FLOW GATES FelkerSros. Mfg.Co. MARSHFIELD WISCONSIN Plione 230 - 231 WISCONSIN CRANBERRY GROWERS are using more Signature Fertilizer year after year • Pelletized • Homogeneous • Dustless • Free-Flowing • 50 lb. E. RAUH & SONS FERTILIZER CO. Indianapolis & Plymouth, Ind. YOU Are reading this ad. Others will read yours in CRANBERRIES Magazine f I % rV X A>3 ,u^^^ ^\ (HV .\ll» ..a;,..^^ ,'i^ ir OCEAN SPRAY CRANBERRIES, INC tVING A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY ;ape cod new jersey wisconsin OREGON WASHINeiON CANADA LIBRARY MAY 2 5 1962 UNIVERSITY OF Cents MASSACHUSETTS BOB" HILLER Thinks Mass. Good State to Grow In. (CRANBERRIES MAY 1962 DIRECTORY For CRANBERRY GROWERS IWdrcester Paper PREFABRICATED 1 The 1 Box Corporation FLUMES iCHARLES W. HARRIS! MEDFORD, MASS. Tel. MYstic 8-5305 Straightline Pumps 1 Company i 1 451 Old Somerset Ave. | Bog Railroads 1 North Dighton, Mass. | Manufacturers of Folding Cartons For Rent 1 AMES 1 CONSULTANT On Water Problems 1 Irrigation Systems | 1 Sprinklers 1 and RUSSELL A. TRUFANT 1 Weed killers | = Insecticides g Displays North Carver, Mass. Tel. s Fungicides = 1 from i UMon 6-3696 B Kiekens - Duster and Sprayers W WATER WHITE KEROSENE Wareham Savings EQUIPMENT For use on Cranberry Bogs Bank HAYDEN Also STODDARD SOLVENT WAREHAM and FALMOUTH - SEPARATOR - Prompt Delivery Service Savings Accounts WAREHAM, MASS. Franconia Coal Co. Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent Irrigation Systems PUMPS — Inc. — Wareham, Mass. Phone CYpress 5-3800 SEPARATORS - BLOWERS SCREENHOUSE EQUIPMENT Tel. CY 5-0039 Kimball 8-3000 DARLINGTON PICKING MACHINES The National Ba Conveniently located nk of Wareham for Cranberry Men Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK ALFRED PAPPI At Screenhouses. Bosrs and Pumps Means Satisfaction WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. CY 5-2000 Funds always avail ible for sound loans SUBSCRIBE TO Complete Ba nking Service CRANBERRIES Member Federal Dei )o«it Inaurmnee Corp. Communication To Editor CRANBERRIES Warenam, Mass. Dear Sir: A Marketing Order for Cranber- ries? In spite of oia- fears regarding tliis working arrangement with our igovernment it benooves all growers to review realistically the conditions confronting our industry. A noticeable trend of encourage- ment is being experienced by many growers brought on by the improved sales both in fresh and processed that developed last fall. Due to these sales that were as good or ex- ceeded those of our last normal year some are predicting recovery of our industry to the position we enjoyed prior to Nov. 9, 1959. There are other facts and figures that could also be quoted that would make the optimist feel happy. Such optimism, however, should be held in check, as the true mea- sure of recovery of our industry should be determined primarilly by the cash per barrel we receive for our berries. And all other facts and figures should be interpreted merely as results of various activities aimed at returning to the grower a fair return. On the 1960 crop the amount re- ceived was $8.87 for Ocean Spray and we had better not plan on the 1961 pool returning any more than we received the previous year. Con- sidering the "Flemming blow" that we had to absorb this is very, very good, but it is still approximately three dollars per barrel less than we received for our berries in 1958. Such returns become most mean- ingful when compared to the cost 'Of raising ousr crop. In 1960 it was pri- marilly on the West Coast and in 1961 was back here in the East that small, and often very small crops were harvested. Obviously, the size of the crop raised influences the STODDARD SOLVENT (Available Year Round) WATER WHITE KEROSENE BOTTLED GAS Water Heating Cooking Carburetion UN 6-4545 m'*^. Oeiiirai Sfeatiiig CMVIR, MASS. TAKE ADVANTAGE of the BETTER things of life. The efficient USE OF ELECTRICITY is one of these better things — efficient use in power for cran- berry bog operations, and in the home. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM CYpress 5-0200 PLYMOUTH Pilgrim 6-1300 Attention Growers ! ! for your Spring weed control we offer water white kerosene "GRADE A" metered trucks STODDARD SOLVENT SUPERIOR FUEL COMPANY Wareham, Mass. Tel. CY 5-0093 J. W. Hurley Co. • COAL • NEW ENGLAND COKE • FUEL OIL Water White - KEROSENE - For BOGS (METERED TRUCKS) 24-hour Fuel Oil Service f I Telephone CY 5-0024 | I 341 Main St. WAREHAM j VOLTA OIL CO. Distributor of the Famous TEXACO WATER WHITE KEROSENE For your Bog STODDORD SOLVENT Tel. Pilgrim 6-1340 Plymouth, Mass. Rte. 44 Samoset St. SHARON BOX COMPANY, INC. ESTABLISHED 1850 SHARON, MASSACHUSETTS We Will Buy Your White Pine Logs, Either Standing or Cut • Highest Prices Paid • Sawmill located at North Carver, Mass. OfHce Phones: Sharon, SU 4-^2011 Carver. UN 6-2234 If You Want A Good Flume At A Low Cost Use All Heart Redwood 2 Car Loads Due For Your Fall Requirements 6x8 — 6x6 — 4x6 — 4x4 Planking - Square Edged or Matched 2x6 — 2x8 — 2x10 — 2x12 SEND FOR YOUR FREE FOLDER ON THE "DURABILITY OF REDWOOD" E. W. Goodhue Lumber Co., Inc. MIDDLEBORO ROAD EAST FREETOWN, M.ASS Phones Rockwell 3-8811 — Middleboro 1275 ^JM I Retain natural flavor without over- sweetness AND CORN SYRUPS '•V :^: CORN PRODUCTS COMPANY m Manufacturers of fine products for the food industry . . . and popular Best Foods Division grocery brands for the consumer. cost per barrel for raising these berries more than any other single factor. The unhappy truth of the matter is that it cost me $11.50 to raise my 1961 crop and it is very apparent that I won't break even. Unfortunately a substantially large percentage of growers are faced with exactly these same prospects. As long as the supply of our pro- ducts is out of balance with con- sumer demand, and a buyers' mar- ket exists we cannot expect an or- derly, stable market to prevail. Except for the sale of the 100,000 barrels to the school lunch program, and an abnormally high shrinkage, which accounted for an even greater number of barrels, prospects for a good fall sales season in 1962 would be very dim indeed. It is absolutely essential that we become reasonably current so as the crop that is being harvested is not depressed with the previous year's berries yet to be sold. It should be apparent to all that except for a short crop consumer sales will be noticeably inadequate and without some other means of disposing of a portion of our crop, that berries sold to commercial canners this fall will be on a dis- turbingly declining market and ber- ries pushed into all freezers on an equally disturbing upward trend. I therefore, believe, that the time has not yet arrived when our in- dustry can stand on its own two feet. There is still a need to the (Continued on Page 20) MIDDLEBOROUCH TRUST COMPANY MIDDLEBORO MASS. Member of The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Mass. Cranberry Station and Field Notes by J. RICHARD BEATTIE Extension Cranberry Specialist Personals Mrs. F. B. Chandler continiues her convalescence at tihe Baker Memor- ial Hospital, Maissaohusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass. Her im- provement is satisfactory, buit she will be confined to the hospital and her home for some time. We are sure a viait or a note would be a^p- preciated. Robert Flynn, a recent graduate of Nortfolk County Agricultural School, jodned our staff in May as a lalbora- tory aissisibant. He has worked the past two summers at our station and has established a fine record for de- pendalble and faithful service. We welcome Bob to our staff. Allan Pierce, son of Mr. and Mrs. Robert Pierce of West Wareham, who is a sophomore at the Univer- sity of Massacihusetts, will spend his second summer at our station work- ing under the supervisicn of Dr. Bert Zucikerman in the field of nematode research. Allan prepared an excell- ent paiper on his project last sum- mer and received college credits for has studies. Peter Lounslbury of Maiden will spend the sumttner with us as a farm- hand and expects to (continue his schooling at the University of Massa- chusetts this fall. Dr. Satendra Khera's wife and two children plan to join him within the next few weeks. We are looking for- ward to meeting his family and wish them a safe trip and a pleasant stay in our commiuniby. No Early Spring inis Year Any thoulghts of an early spring in ithe cranlberry area were dispelled during the last few weeks. While temperatures in April averaged near- ly 2 degrees per day albove nonmal, temperatures for the first half of May averaged 5 degrees per day be- low normal. As la result, bud devel- opmenlt has been retarded and ex- plains to some extent why frost dam- age apears to be light as of May 15. Frost Damage Slight Temperatures have dropped below 20 degrees on a numlber of nights from mid-April through mid-May, and yet little damage can be detect- ed. The lowest temperature report- ed during this period occurred AprU 17 when readings of 10 deigrees were recorded on two Cape bogs. May 12 saw temperatures drcp to 16 degrees on one bog and a number oif readings between 17-19 degrees were reported on other bogs. Yet, damage appears to be negligible. In each instance, these particular bogs had the water withdrawn in late Fetbruary and ear- ly March and it is cur thinking at present that the exposure of these bogs to low temperatures during late winter and early spring has enabled them to survive temperatures which otherwise could have caused consid- erable damage. Lack Of Rain Causing Concern Rainfall during April and the first half of May has been less than norm- al and is causing considerable con- cern as water supplies are dwindling rapidly because cf numerous frost floodings. Just for the record, 14 general warnings were released from April throuigh May 15 compared to 6 during this period in 19&1, none in I9- 60, 2 in 1959, and 8 in 1958. These include both the afternoon and even- ing forecasts but in terms of frost ni^hits they represent 9. More Frost Subscribers The frost warning service has functioned smoothly. We are pleased to report a small increase in the number of subscribers to the service which is sponsored by the Cape Cod Hubbard INSECTICIDES • FUNGICIDES HERBICIDES ARE AVAILABLE ON THE CAPE FROM R. C. Mossman - Horticultural Sales West Bridgewater, Mass. Representing The HUBBARD-HALL CHEMICAL CO. Waterbury, Conn. For Consistent Dependability with PESTICIDES and FERTILIZER see the man from Eastern States T. C. Ashley, Harry T. Fisher, Jr., James P. Govone, Lawrence H. Ward, E. S. Service Center, E. S. Service Center, E. S. Service Center. E. Freeitorwn MididLeboro Fioresitdiaile Plymouth Brockton New [Beidlfiord Tauntoin Td. RockwdU 3-5718 Tei. Middleiboro 2133jW Tel. Osterville, GA 84393 Tel. Pilgirim 6-0970 Tel. Jumijper 6-4055 Tel. Wyiman 6-5202 Tel. Van Dyke 4-6331 EASTERN STATES FARMERS EXCHANGE Headquarters: West Springfield, Massachusetts Touraine Paints Hardware SANDVIK SCYTHES (ALSO CALLED FINNISH SCYTHES) CARVER SUPPLY CO, UN ION 6-4480 Carver, Mass. Brewer & Lord INSURANCE 40 Broad Street, Boaton, Mas*. CONVERSE HILL HORACE H. SOULE WILLIAM B. PLUMER OHARLES M. CUTLER EDWARD H. LEARNARD EBEN A. THACHER JOHN B. OECILL, JR. VINCENT M. WILSON Serving the People of New England Since 1859 Cranberry Growers Association. We have 195 to date ^May 15) compared to 188 a year ago at this time. The response to the telephone answering service, which is also sponsored by the association, has been gratifying. Many growers have stated that it is invaluable to them, particularly by these who have bogs in cooler loca- tions and need additional information on nights when no general warning is released. Timely Tips For May To Mid-June The following reminders are again called U) the growers' attention: 1) Early spring pests will scon be with us. The insect net is still the most effective tool for locating weevils, cutworms, spanworms, leaf- hoppers, and fireworms. Spargano- this fruitworm can be detected by carefully examing loosestrife for webbed tips. 2) May is a good month to treat brush, poison ivy, and brambles on the uplands, using one of the brush killers. Brush killers should not be used with oil on dikes and shores next to the bog at this time of the year because of the damage to the turf. 3) A combination of fuel oil and kerosene should not be used on "late- water" bogs. In fact, the combina- ticn should not be used after mid- May on "early-water" bogs because of serious damage to the vines. 4) Simazine and Stoddard Solvent treatments following "late-water" should be completed within 5 days af- ter the flood has been withdrawn, and within 8 days if kerosene is to be used. Less damage wiU occur to the vines if these treatments with oils are made when temperatures are be- low 65 degrees. 5) A number of bogs examined this spring would benefit from an ap- phcation of fertihzer, particularly where heavy crops were picked last faU or where vine cover is thin, or where damage has occurred. DO YOU UNDERSTAND THE BIBLE? For helpful FREE booklet, write to: Christadelphian Bible Society 172 Jefferson Avenue Everett 49, Massachusetts Issue of May 1962 - Vol. 27 No. 1 Published monthly at The? Courier Print Shop, Main St.. Wareham. Massachusetts. Subscriptions S3. 50 per year. Second Class Postage Paid at Wareham, Massachusetts Post Office. FRESH FROM THE FIELDS Compiled by C J. H. MASSACHUSETTS First Week Sunshiny There was fine and faMy warm weather the first week of April with plenty of sunshine. It was good wea- ther for bog work. Temperatures were higher in the inland, but not so warm along the coasts. Weather Turns Cloudy, Colder The weather continued to be good until nearly the end of the second week. It abruptly turned colder and there was a surprise dusting of snow in the cranberry area on the morning of the 16th. The weather was cloudy for a number of days, but there had not been much rain or many April showers for the first half of the month. No frost warnings were sent out from the State Bog although on two or three mornings the figures were in the teens at bog level, but it was believed the bogs had not begun to start enough to justify a warning. It was a rather disagreeable period after a week of a real hint of spring. First Frost Warning First frost warning of the season went out on the night of April 17. A low of 13 degrees was forecast. This figure was reached and there were even lower reports from bogs which are in cold locations. Temper- ature at the usually warm state bog was 19. It was ten above on the Cape. The weather continued warm, but with little rain or few showers. De- parture from normal on Easter Sun- day was 29 degrees for the month at Boston. April— Showerless April April continued almost an April- showerless month. The last week in the month brought very high winds, and the burning index in the woods reached 140 on the Cape. There were many forest fires. It was one of the most fire hazardous periods, particularly in Plymouth and Barns- table counties where most bogs are, in many a year. No bogs were dam- aged. Rainfal About Average Total rainfall for the month, with almost two inches of it falling on April first was 3.69 inches. This is slightly less than the average of 3.83. Rain was not evenly spaced there being the long tinder-dry spell from the 16th to the last day of the month. Month Slightly Warmer The month was slightly warmer in the cranberry area than normal, but not nearly as warm as in other parts of New England. Boston broke all April records with a 91, but the warmest at the Cranberry Station was 73. There were many sunny days but April sunshine is not a major factor. Quality Not Improved The month, therefore, was not es- pecially dry and cool as had been hoped to improve the fair to poor keeping quahty as forecast. It did nothing to change this. Probably No Frost Injury There were frost warnings for three nights, the 17th, 24 and 25 and some very low temperatures were reached. However, as far as exami- nation of sampling buds by the staff of the Station could determine, there was little or no severe injury to the crop. Development About Normal At end of month bogs were defi- nitely greening up, but were cer- tainly not ahead of season. There was an assumed about-normal de- velopment for the time. The vines AGENT FOR WIGGINS AIRWAYS BOG SERVICE AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS HAND SPRAYERS - TOOLS - POWER EQUIPMENT AUTHORIZED BRIGGS AND STRATTON SERVICE CENTER R. F. MORSE & SON, INC. Cranberry Highway West Wareham, Mass. CY 5-1553 "were keeping ahead of the frost." April of 1961 April of 1961 on the other hand was colder than normal by about 57 degrees, with much cloud and it was a wetter-than-normal month. May Starts Cold, Drizzly May came in with much colder weather. It was raw and drizzly, holding back the development of the vines and buds. WASHINGTON Ocean Spray Meeting Ocean Spray held its annual ban- quet for the growers of the West Coast in April. There was very good attendance. Ambrose E. Stevens and several others of the managment staff discussed prospects for the future, as well as current conditions of the market. Weed Treatments General During the last two months quite a lot of granular herbicides have been applied to the bogs on the West Coast. It was believed these treatments would help considerably in controlling a good many of the weed species which are a bother. Some have applied these materials over the entire bog, others have been more conservative and have treated only on a smaller area on a trial basis. Frost Sprinkling The weather was on the mild side. Temperatures were below 32 degrees on five occasions with a minimum of 25 degrees F. during April. Be- ginning about April first sprinkler irrigation systems were started whenever temperatures dropped be- low 32 degrees. Maximum tempera- ture for the month was 72 degrees on the 18th. Less Rainfall The rainfall was rather less dur- ing March and April than in 1961. There were several occasions this spring when there was very low humidity, accompanied by an east- erly wind. On the 18th of April it dropped to around 11 percent. These dry east winds at times do consid- erable damage to the buds. Bogs in While Stage As May came in the bags were in the white bud stage mostly. Some of the more vigorous bogs were in the early "popcorn." Summer growth was starting as the month began. ^EW JERSEY April Normal Temperature during April averag- ed 51.9 degrees F, which i^ exactly normal. However, there were few C. & L. EQUIPMENT CO. 191 LEONARD STREET ACUSHNET, MASS. Cranberry Bog Service PRUNING RAKING FERTILIZING WEED TRIMMING Machinery Sales PRUNERS POWER WHEELBARROWS RAKES WEED TRIMMERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS - Large & SmalJ For Further Information Call . . . F. P. CRANDON H. C. LEONARD Rockwell 3-5526 Wyman 5-3521 C. J. TRIPP Wyman 5-2013 normal days during the month. The first half of the month was consider, ably colder than normal, with maxi- mum temperatures frequently in the 40's and 50's, while the latter half had much warmer temperatures with readings in the high 80's. The max- imum temperature was 88 on the 26th and 27th while the minimum was 26 on the 28th. Cranberry bog tecnp- eratures were as low as 17. Brought Conditions Rainfall totaled 3.92 inches, one- half inch more than normal. But tlie first half of the month received aU but .02 inches of the total precipita- tion. By the end ofthemontha small-scare drought was going and this was not alleviated by threaten- ing rains of the final few days of the month. Up to the second of May, there had cnly been .05 inches of rainfall in the past 17 days. WISCONSIN Ample Water Snow cover melted slowly the first week of April with most of the water soaking into the sail. The last meas- urable snow fell in the central area on the 18th, averagmg about two inches in depth. Precipitation for the month was below normal in most areas, although there was ample water supplies in all reservoirs. Temperatures were slightly above normal for the month. The first three weeks brought below normal readings with lows of 8 and 9 de- grees reported on the 13th and 23rd. Record temperatures prevailed the last week of the month with reports of as high as 90 degrees. Snow cover had disappeared prior to the high temperatures so httle if any serious flooding prevailed. The out- look for May calls for temperatures (Continued on Page 17) CRANBERRY PICKING BOXES Shocks, or Nailed Let me repair your broken boxes — or repair them yourself. Stock Always on Hand F. H. COLE Tel. Union 6-3330 North Carver, Mass. PROTECTION FROM FROST By, Dr. Charles C. I>oughty, Superintendent Coastal Washington Experiment Station Long Beach, In any study of frost injury we need to look at the structure of the buds and blossoms. The cranberry has four different stages of develop- ment in which there is danger of the buds being killed or at least partially injured. These four stages are the dormant terminal bud, the hooks, the blossom, and the newly formed berry. The dormant terminal bud if sec- tioned through the stem axis will appear somewhat like a miniature plant completely enclosed in several layers of scales. The young shoot is located at the very tip inside the bud with the flower enclosed within leaf- bracts just below the shoot. Three points are suceptible to injury at this stage, i.e., the young shoot, the individual flower buds and the sepa- ration zone. The latter point, the separation or abscission zone, is a layer between the upright stem and the terminal bud only a few cells thick tbat may be injured by low temperatures. Uprights which fail to grow and start a side shoot out from a leaf axis below the bud usually are injured at this point. If the young shoot is killed then an umbrella upright is produced, i.e., two or three hooks will form from tihe top of the upright but not a new shoot. The young blossom buds may also be killed and then only the young shoot grows. The hook and the blossom are similar in the parts that may be in- jured. These are the ovary in whole or in part, the ovules (potential seeds) the style or pistil, the an- thers and pallen grains and the nec- taries (see figures No. 2 and 3). Any one or all of these may cause partial or complete injury and result in a de- formed berry or in complete failure of the berry to set and grow. In- jury to the ovary wall will generally result in a deformed berry (catfac- ing). If the ovules are injured or killed then the berry may fail to grow. The fertilization of the ovules by the pollen tube sperm cells starts the development of the seeds and in doing so releases a growth hormone into the young berry which causes Washington it to grow. The more seeds that de- velop the more likely the berry is to be of normal size, however, this is not always the case as frequently berries will set with none or only a very few seeds if pollination and fertilization has occurred. If the anthers and pollen are killed then pollen from another flower will be necessary for fruit set. This is un- likely since the pollen is relatively heavy and generally travels a very short distance. If the nectaries (the tissue surrounding the base of the pistil) are injured then the blossoms fail to attract bees and again polh- nation may fail to occur. The fourth growth stage, the young berry, is probably the least likely to be injured unless a rather severe freeze occurs. The injury which us- ually occurs here is to one side of the young berry or to the stem junc- tion so that the berry drops or dies. These injurie,: do not occur to all buds fortunately. The problem then becomes a question of how many blossoms we can lose and still have a crop. Normally only a part of the total number of blossoms in a given year set and mature fruit. This is partially due to various injuries (in- .■\ — -«ri-^"" 'W ~f;»' eluding frost injury) and partly to net enough strength in the vines to matui'e that many berries. Any bud or iDlossom, or pai'ts there of, may be killed by temperatures of 31 °F. or lower. The actual point cf lethad injury at the different Cro"vyti:' stages is not Inown. This is one of the things we hage to deter- mine in the experimental study we are just starting. The degree of in- jury depends on the stage cif de- velopment and the physiological ac- tivity cf the bud itself, the condition of the vines, and the rate of tem- perature fall. If the temperature drops rapidly in a short period after a relatively warm spell, injury is niDch mere apt to occi^r. This is true during the dormant season aiso. Sprinkling should start at 33° to 24 °F. Ei'ter the terminal buds start grcwth, and coritinue until the tern perature again reaches that tem- perature or until danger c£ frost is past. Success with siprinkling for frost protection then depends on keeping enough t3ud.s alive and un- injured to produce a crop and the frequency and rate of water appli- cation. Some work done recently by Michigan State University, Depart- ment of Agricultural Engineering wiwi beans is shown in the following table. Here frequency of application means the time interval between the time water is sprayed on the cran- Figure two: Left — Blossom bud in hook stage. Center — Blossom sectioned just before openng, showing anther (a), anther "tube" (t), and pistil (P). Right — Anther in face view, showing filament (upper portion), anthers (center portion) and anther tubes (lower portion). Seven A, \ D. E. much in favor of the quality clause being made a part of the order. Figure three: A — Blossom beginning to open. D — At stage A the pistil (p) is just shorter than the anther tubes and continues to grow as the blossom opens until it extends beyond the anther tubes. B — One or two hours after A; pollen is now dehiscing. The pistil is equal in length to the anther tubes and the stigma is receptive. C — Two to several hours after stage B. E — At stage C the pistil is longer than the anther tubes. berry vines and the sprinkler ro- tates to again spray the same spot. The apolication rates are those re- quired to h:ld the plant tempera- ture at 31 "F. with the indicated air tem!:eratures. Spraying Application Air frequency, rate Inches Temperature 1959. The effectiveness of water use sprinkler irrigation for frost pro- tection. Quart. Bull, Mich. Agri Expt. Sta., Vol 42(2): pp. 323-330. Roberts, R. H., and B. Esther Struckmeyer, 1942. Proc. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. Vol. 40: pp: 373-379. seconds. per hour. °F. 21.0 16.5 21.0 17.0 26.0 18.0 27.0 18.0 27.5 19.0 These figues indicate that as the frequency interval becomes longer then the rates of application must be increased to be effective for the same air temperature. We hope to have more complete information af- ter the completion of the current research project. 20 0.09 20 0.20 60 0.11 60 0.21 120 0.07 120 0.21 180 0.07 180 0.21 240 0.07 210 0.21 Literature Cited Pogrell, H. von, and E. H. Ridder, None Opposed At Gray land Marketing Hearing There was no opposition presented at the Grayland, Washington mar- ket order hearing last month. There was opposition by two Long Beach growers at a previous meeting at Lang Beach. However, the Long Eeach growers as a group voted to go along in favor of the proposition. At the Grayland hearing there were representatives from not only Washington, but from Oregon. There v/as a rather large attendance with the hearing lasting from 9:30 a.m. until 12:30 noon. The proposal to remove the quality control item from the order was ob- jected to by a number of West Coast growers. Growers that testified were CRANBERRY PRODUCTS, INC. INSTALLS NEW LINE FOR CRANBERRY ORANGE RELISH Cranberry Products, Inc. of Eagle River, Wisconsin has installed a new line for packed cranh>erry orange relish frozen m bulk, for both m- stitutional and consumer sizes. This is beginning to develop a lot of in- terest among the trade. Recently the Eagle River packmg business has been forced to pur- chase cranberries from Ocean Spray to be used for its specialty items, demand for which has been increas- ing. FARMERS PRODUaiON CREDIT ASSOCIATION FEDERAL LAND BANK ASSOCIATION TAUNTON, MASS Box 7 Office Rt. 44 Raynham WARREN I ARNOLD Manager FOR BETTER PEST CONTROL Use these reliable GENERArCHEMICAL products: DDT Malathion Parathion Ferbam Zineb GENERAL CHEMICAL DIVISION 40 Rector Street, New York 6, N. Y. EiKht **Bob" Hiller, 3rd Generation, Massachusetts Operator, Thinks Massachusetts Is A Good State To Grow Cranberries In Worked for Government as Cranberry Loan Supervisor — Now^ learning Marketing End of Industry, and Assists Father and Uncle on Big Hiller Properties. by Clarence J. Hall [Robert (Bob) Bennett Hiller, a young, third-generation cranberry opera- tor of Rochester, Massachusetts thinks the Massachusetts cranberry indus- try is definitely a good business to be in. "I think there is no question, but that the cranberry business will come back. And, I think that Massachusetts is a good state to grow cranberries in. The mid-west has an advantage over us in freight rates, and growers there do things in a more economical fashion with greater mechanization tiian we do, but what if growers there do make a little more, as long as we make our fair sihare of profit?" Young Hiller was emergency loan supervisor for Massachusetts growers, working for the U.S. Farm Loan Administration, out of the Providence offiice. Appointed to the post in April of 1059 he set up office certain hours at the Massadbusetts Cranberry Station. There he interviewed growers who wanted emergency aid. Liked the Work This was only part-time work and he was first appointed for three mon&s, then re-appointed as the emergency work continued. His off- ice loaned about $200,000 to Massa- chusetts cranberry growers. This amount would have been larger, he said, "If it had not been for the Government indemnity program." "I liked the work very much," he asserted. "The experience was very valuable, and I would probably have never gotten another chance at it if I hadn't taken the job. Through it I met many growers and learned of their experiences. He is now learning the marketing end of the cranberry industry by working for Peter A. LeSage, cran- berry distributor of South Yarmouth with an office in Plymouth. "Bob" also works for the partner- ship of bis father, Howard (Hub) B. Hiller and his uncle, Lewis HiMer of Marion. They operate East-Over Farms in Rochester where the bogs are located. There is also a dairy business and 85 to 90 cows are maintained all the time. Total bog acreage is approximately 150, whioh includes 15 acres of bog owned by Bob's grandmother, Mrs. OEdith B. Hiller. The Hillers are important Massachusetts cranberry producers, tihe bogs consistently coming up with crops of about 6,000 Ibarrels. 1960 production was tops for the Hillers, as it was for a great many Massachusetts growers, they having harvested 8,000 barrels plus. The Hillers are independent in marketing. They have sold through the Beaton Distributing Agency of Wareham, Mass. for a great many years and now also sell through LeSage. Bogs Started About 1910 The bogs were started about 1910 by Bob's grandfather, Robert B. Hiller for whom he is named. This of course, makes Bob a third genera- tion grower. The Hiller brothers, when they took over built a IS acre bog. This still remains as the largest single bog. There are now a dozen in all, the smallest being of one acre. Vines are about 45 percent Howes, 50 of Early Blacks and the other five Voses's Pride, a fruit little planted today but formerly well thought of; a few "Perry Reds," which resemble the Early Black and a local berry known as "Hall Ber- ries." The Hall fruit got its name because the vines were purchased from a man named Hall in Marion. They were put in by Bob's grand- father. Bogs In a Chain The bogs are built in a series, or a chain. They have some differences and advantages over many other chains. One advantage is that they are all relatively small, and can be easily flowed individually. There is a most unusual flooding arrange- ment. Water pours down a stone- line sluiceway from Leonard's pond, a public pond, but to which the Hillers have water rghts. From this raceway the water is HELICOPTER PEST CONTROL qqins ^irwaus I I NORWOOD, MASS. m DUSTING and SPRAYING RAY MORSE, Agent TEL. CY 5-3928 l^ini Lives in Old House near Picturesque Leonard's Pond. taken around the edges of tihe vari- OLis pieces of bog by a canal. There is a second canal or ditch from Leonard's which takes the water around the bogs into a swamp used as a reservoir. There is still another source of water. This is from a little pond known as "Humphrey's Mill Pond." This is a small piece of water from which the Hillers have a right to take water. There is one gss pump to use when water is abnormally low for flooding. There is also a second gas pump, so Ihat water may be pumped back into the swamp reservoir. The Hiller bogs he along the Sippican river. With the sluiceway, canal and hrcsk all cogs can be flooded, or the water released from individual bogs withcu't going through any of the other bogs. There is an 8 foot drop from Leonard's Pond to the lowest end of the bogs. East-Over Farms is in an espe- cially attractive section of Old Ro- chester. With placid Leonard's pond, the usual foaming water running down the raceway, tall trees and several old yellow-pointed buildings the spot is one which invariably in- spires the passerby to remark "Isn't this a pretty spot," or something like that. East-Over Farms East-Over farms is along Mary's Pond road. First this was known to be an Indian trail, then a bridle path and later wagon and stage- coach highway, the principal route from historic Plymouth to the old whaling city of New Bedford. There was once a very early grist mill at Leonard's Pond. This Sippican mill site was later obtained by a Charles H. Leonard, who was a whale oil merchant in New Bedford. He built a great coun- try estate there, and probably gave the area the name of "East-Over," as it is east of New Bedford. Mr. Leonard built an elaborate mansion there, supposedly replacing or being remodeled from one built as early as 1756. There was a green- house in which were grown tropical plants. The driveways were curved, the whole estate being classically landscaped. The Mary's pond road and the (CRANBERREaS Photo) driveways are bordered by cut stone walls. These stone walls were said to have cost $60,000 when built by Mr. Leonard and that was in the days when a dollar was a good day's pay. They were cut from stone found on the property. There was at one time said to have been a considerable village around the Leonard Pond area. There is an ancient tavern near the Hiller bogs on bog property of Mrs. Chester A. Vose, whose bogs adjourn those of the Hillers. The date over the doorway of this tavern, a two- and-ahalf story structure, reads 1699. The tavern was once on a coach highway which skirted the shores of Mary's pond. After Mr. Leonard gave up the property it was owned by a John J. Rhodes also of New Bedford, an- other wealthy man as Mr. Leonard had been. He built a half-mile race track on the property. It is an in- teresting and historic spot at which the Hillers grow cranberries. Howard (Hub) Hiller (CRANBER- RIES, March 1952) manages the cranberry properties and he is as- Tei) sisted by Bob. Bob also works in the dairy end of the business. He has taken over moch of the work on frost nights, while the elder Mr. Hiller stays at his home at East- Over and directs operations. With so many pieces of bog to take care of on a frost night the work is arduous and Bob and his uncle, Lewis, divide the work between them, one taking part of the night at times. Still Much Scooping The Hillers still pick mainly by scoop. This last fall they had a crew of about 45 local men and women and, as they come back for the most ipart year after year, the Hillers have little trouble in recruitmg a full crevv'. It was a now old-fashioned sight to see the long line of scoopers v.'orking over the bogs. The Hillers pick by scoop because they try to raise as many berries as possible for the fresh fruit mar- ket. However, they have two Dar- lington- pickers and will get more, £s funds become available. "I'm afraid, however," Bob says, "that it will only be a question of time before we come to all machine picking. There is no question but that the machines do a better and cleaner job, once you get the ma- chines." Screen Own Berries The Hillers, unlike most Massa- chusetts growers still screen their own fruit. There is a screenhouse of two stories, about 100 x 40 feet, with basement. There are two Bailey separators. A carload of cranberries has been packed in a day when sales were largely in quarter ^barrel boxes. For cellophane packing, the berries go to the big Beaton packing house at South Wareham. Bogs Kept Up Bob Hiller is not boastful, but he (says the Hiller bogs have not run down as much during the years of the cranberry depression as might have been expected. A ride through them, shows this to be true. They are mostly clean bogs, with few weeds. The Hillers have a fertilizer pro- gram which they attempt to maintain with regularity. They do not use a great deal as the bogs have a maple or cedar swamp bottom and are not built on sand. Their work is mostly spot treatment where the vines seem to need a shot of fertilizer. Some spots require fertilizer every year. They have a sanding program, but this is not maintained as well as they would like. "In these days we have to watoh the pennies," Bob admits. But they attempt to get every piece of bog sanded at least once in every four years. Bob Hiller Bob Hiller was born in a hospital in New Bedford June 11, 1927, al- though his parents were still living in Rochester. He went to school in Rochester and was graduated from Wareham High School in 1945. Then came two years in the U.S. Armed Forces. He was in the Air force as a weather observer. He served at Adak in the Alueitian Is- lands. There followed the University of Maine. There he majored in ani- mal husbandry. There was no course in cranberry growing, or subjects pertaining to the industry that he cared to take. He chose the animal husbandry as he would be working in the dairy business as well as in cranberries. He is married to the former Dorothy Lebherz, formerly of Wor- cester, Mass. The couple has one child, Robert Bennett Hiller, III. He attends the third grade in the Rochester schools. 'Bob" Hiller, supervising picking at the Hiller Bogs. (CRANBERRIES Photo) Elevei> Live In Ancient Home Bob and Dorothy live in one of the old houses at East-Over. It is in excellent condition. This house has ten rooms, is two story and has three open fireplaces. It is probably 200 years or more old. Bob has ex- amined the chimneys and the rafters where it was often the custom for old builders to mark the date of construction. But he has found no such date. He knows it was the house in which John J. Rhodes once lived. The house is furnished almost com- pletely in antique furniture and a ibeautiful air of antiquity is main- tained throughout the house. The house has been remodelled very little. Under the front sitting room there is a small, square cellar and in this is a furnace for hot water heat. So it is very comfortable in winter as some old houses are not. Have Blueberries In addition to the cranberry bogs the Hillers have about 10 acres of cultivated blueberry plants. These are between two of the bogs where it is thought the steam from the bogs on frost nights helps protect the blueberries as well. Bob helps care for these. They do not find the blueberries very profitable as the New Jersey berries come into the market in Massachusetts just ahead of the local fruit. Interested In Boy Scouts Bob attends meetings of the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Asscciation, and of the Southeastern Massachu- setts Cranberry Club which meets at Rochester. He is a member of the Rochester Planning Board. He is also interestered in tlie Boy Sccut movement, and was one of the or- ganizers of Rochester Troop Number 30, which he helped to organize in 1951. He is a former Boy Scout master of the troop. He is a charter member of the Lion's Club of Marion. He was form- erly a director of Plymouth County Farm Bureau as was his father be- fore him. He attends St. Gabriel's Episcopal Church in Marion. Has Saddle Horse— Ponies He maintains a saddle horse and three ponies. He always had a pony as a child, and he is now teaching his son to be a good horseman. He grooms and cares for the animals himself. That is one of his hobbies. His other one he calls perhaps "odd," but it is not. He enjoys working around his house, mowing the lawns and keeping the house in good shape. Although he likes antiques he does not attempt to repair old furniture but leaves that to experts. For a Strong Institute Bob is a strong believer in the Cranberry Institute. "The cranberry industry needs a powerful Institute," he says. "That is the one body which can speak with authority for the entire cranberry industry, coopera- tive and independent alike. "I think, however, it should be stronger in grower participation. But it is awfully hard to get the growers together. They will pull to- gether in an emergency, as was proven by the cranberry "scare," but as soon as the crisis is over they shy away. I would like to see a strong grower Cranberry Insti- tute." Hiller took an active part in the recent Massachusetts marketing hearings, being one of the opponents cf the proposal. Once the Secretary makes his de- cision, and if it is favorable for the order,' the matter is put to a referen- dum by every known cranberrj- grower in the United States. It was expected this all-important vote would be taken in June, but it now appears it will not be until July, or possibly August. If the vote is favor- able it is hoped by the proponents to have the order in effect for the crop of 1962. Decision Is Awaited On Marketing Order Following the proposed cranberry marketing order hearings in Massa- chusetts, New Jersey. Wisconsin and Washington in late March and early April, officials of the United States Deosrtment of Agriculture are eval- uating the evidence given for and :-gcinst the proposal. The next step i^ for the Secretary of Agriculture ^1 approve or disapprove the order. T'e will then present recommenda- tions of the order, if he approves. Then comes a period of the filing o<. briefs, once again by those for rr against, approving his recom- '■•lendations which would make up the provisions of the order. It is understood that about a dozen briefs or letters have already been sent in upon the evidence brought out at the hearings in wWch the witnesses were under oath. Among those filing briefs, it is understood, are Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc.; Decas Bro- thers (handlers and growers) and J. J. Beaton Company, (growers) of V/areham and Peter A. LeSage, do- ing business as "PALs Brand" of Plymouth; Indian Trail, Inc. of Wis- consin Rapids, Wisconsin, (handler); and of Cranberry Pi'oducts, Inc. of Eagle River, Wisconsin, (handler). Clarence A, Richer Clarence A. Ricker, 82, former well, known cranberry grower of Duxbury, Mass., died May 1 in Hingham. He had been in the cranberry business since 1913, when he built his first bog erf two and one-half acres in Pem- broke. He remained in the cranber- ry business until 1959. He was a grower for 45 years. Mr. Ricker was bom in Lebanon, Maine, October 2, 1879. He moved to Lynn, Mass. in his late t^^^enties, where he and the former Lila D. Gould were married February 22, 1909. A year later he moved to Pem- bix>ke where he owned a meat biisi- ness. In 1922 he bought another bog in Pembroke, one of about four acres in addition to his first. In 1927 he sold his meat business, moved to Duxbury and acquired a nine acre bog and in 1936 built his last bog of six acres. From 1939 to 1949 he marketed his own berries under the brand name of ■'Land of Bays". In 1946, he sold the bogs to his son. Earle A. Ricker, retaining one in Pembroke. He leaves two children, Earle A. Ricker of Duxbury and Mrs. Burton F. Elder of Hingham, six grandchild- ren and two great grandchildren. MORE FERTILIZER, ACREAGE IN WISCONSIN? Reports from Wisconsin indicate that growers are buying fertilizer in heavier quantities than normal and that many are planning to increase their acreage next year, due, p>er- haps, to the proposed Marketing Order. SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES A Summary Of Marketing The four hearings for the cran- berry marketing agreement and or- der have been heard, and the pro- posal has gane to the secretary of agriculture for approval or disalow- ance. First briefs on the evidence have been filed by interested per- sons. Then, after the secretary, if he ap- proves and draws up the provisions there is another period for the filing of briefs. The crux of the matter, with the secretaries decision to ap- prove or not, will be the vote of the growers. This will be by mail, with ballots being sent to every known grower in the United States in June, it is expected. A marketing order is put into effect by a favorable vote by two- thirds of the growers voting, either by number or volume of proditction and at least 50 percent of the hand- lers by volume must approve of the agreement. It was brought out at the hearings that since Ocean Spray handles ap- proximately 80 percent of the crop, that if this cooperative voted as a unit it could swing the two-thirds number. But Ocean Spray officials have stated it will not be a vote by body but of individual members. Ocean Spray could apparently vote the at least 50 percent of the volume of berries handled by all distributors. It has been unofficially stated the Secretary of agriculture would never approve the order if it went against the wishes of the majority of the growers. Some opponents of the measure have charged that the move is Ocean Spray "inspired" and that an order would give undue advantage to that big cooperative and would involve handicaps upon independent handlers, and might even eliminate them from the 20 percent of the crop they now market. There have been implications that the cranberry surplus is entirely, or mostly, within the hands of Ocean Spray and that the independents have not found their own surpluses a problem and in fact have not generally had such a surplus. On the other hand it was testified same of them in some years have not had enough berries and had sought to obtain them from Ocean Spray but The Cranberry Situation had been refused or charged too high a price. There have been protests against there being four members of the "large cooperative," with three from independents to make up the mar- keting committee of seven, with five votes necessary for action. It has been charged the 5th member could be influenced by Ocean Spray. Then, too there was a feeling ex- pressed that the "government should not be asked to get into the cran- berry business." That is, that this is not the American way of doing busi- ness and does away with free enter- prise. The secretary of agriculture is responsible for administering such a program and he makes the final decision at all times. Proponents have stated that what is important is that his decisions are based on the recommendations which come from the industry, through the cran- berry marketing committee. Oppo- nents have pointed out, that he is not required by law to do so, and has final power. Proponents have stated it is only to look back a decade or more and find that surpluses of cranberries have operated as a substantial de- pressent on the marketing of and prices received from each year's crop. They point out that the sur- pluses which remain each year with- in the industry hamper the sale and price every year, and this can be best remedied by the adoption of the marketing order. They point out that crops have been increasing and may increase even more and ask what would the industry do if faced with a produc- tion of a million and half barrels or even more— as there could be if most or every area came up with an unusually large crop in a given year? The set-aside provision is designed to do away with the unsaleable sur- plus. What percent of the crop this would be, would, obviously vary with the size of the crop. One witness for the proponents testified in his estimation it would probably not ex- ceed ten percent, but he admitted under questioning it could be higher. Testimony has been offered that the cost of administration of the order would not exceed probably $50,000 and this would be assessed against the handlere who would in turn assess it against the growers at a cost maybe of three or four cents a barrel. There was evidence put in that a marketing order is no new thing but that the industry nearly had such Aerial Spraying and Dusting also Fertilizing We Specialize In Parathion Applications both Sprays and Dusts AERIAL SPRAYERS, Inc. (FORMERLY MARSHFIELD AIRWAYS, INC.) Marshfield, Mass. Temple 4-7818 JlllBlliHIIIIBIIIBIIIHIIIIVIIIBIII'BIIIBIIinillll I Thos. S. Weitbrecht (Whitey) ^^IIIBIIIIB llliailllBllll lliailliBIIIBIIIIB? ■ybirteen an order back in 1956-57. when after favorable vote by cranberry growers the measure was passed by the House of Representatives and de- feated only in the U.S. Senate. There was testimony that in spite of the remarkable comeback of the industry since the "cranberiy scare" of 1959, that the earnings of growers continue to be abnormally depressed. If all revenue from the sales of cranberries continue to fall short of, Or just about covers the cost of producmg a crop, it was maintained there is nothing left to stimulate more sales and more consumer de- mand. Nothing is left to help the industry grow, or to improve ihe individual lot or to meet the chal- lenges of the future. It was testified that Ocean Spray is carrying by far the greater bulk of the industry advertising to the consumer. It was testified this is a "self- help" program to establish an order- ly market and to improve the in- come of the grower. It is established a marketing order need not be used in any given year, if it does not appear an unmanageable surplus is in the offing. There is the proposal for a referendum every even year to see if the growers wish to con- tinue the program. When the matter comes to the vote of the grower he will undoubted- ly decide in favor or against, as he judges the measure will lead to reasonably satisfactory returns to himself and a fair price to the con- sumer. Two Institute Directors To Europe Ben Pannkuk of Wisconsin and Marcus M. Urann of Massachusetts Make Trip to Help Develop Market There. Wisconsin cranberries may be stocked on shelves of Western Eu- ropean homes, if a cooperative ef- fort between the cranberry industry and the U.S. Department of Agri- culture pays off. Ben Pannkuk, president of Indian Trail, Inc., a Wisconsin cranberry sales agency with headquarters at EEN G. PANNKUK V.'iisconsin Rapids, left Wisconsin Rapids May 1 on a six-week trip to Europe to study the cranberry mar- ket potential there. The trip is being made with the assistance of the USDA's Foreign Agriculture Marketing Service in a joint project with the Cranberry Institute. Pannkuk. a member of the board jomed in Boston by Marcus M. Ura:-i-i CI Hanson, Mass., director of Ocean Spray, Inc., and ako a director cf the Institute. Targets for thsir c".Il: '.vill be im- ror'iers and food trade fairs in Dub- lin, Ireland; Manchester and London Tn-land; Rotterdam and Amster- dam, the Netherlands; Enisse^s, Bel- gium; and Frankfort, Bonn and ITamburg, Germany. A v/ide range of cranberry' pro- di:ots, including fresh and canned fruit and a new, lightweight freeze- dry concentrate that can be re- constituted with water and sugar at destination, wUl be offered to Western European buyers. Clarence Jasperson Clarence A. Jasperson, 82, Port Edwards, Wisconsin, long a strong figure in the Wisconsin cranberry industry died May 4. He was a re- tired executive of the Nekoosa-Ed- wards Paper Company, and long prominent in community affairs. Mr. Jasperson was bom Aug 1, 1879 in Neenah, Wise. Following graduation from high school he at- tended Deland Business College. Ife came to Port Edwards in 1899 to accept employment with the paper company as a stenographer. He ad- vanced rapidly through clerical ca- pacities to become the office man- ager, from which post he was pro- moted to secretary-treasurer in 1912. He was a former president of his home village. He married Harriet Whittlesey, June 14, 1905 at Cranmoor. Her pa- rents, the late Mr. and Mrs. Sher- man Wliittlesey were pioneer cran- berry growers in Wood County. He is survived by his widow and one son, Newell D. Jasperson, with whom he was associated in the cranberry business; two sisters and three grandchildren. Since his retirement he, with Mrs. Jasperson, had travelled extensively, abroad, visiting many parts of the globe and Mr. Jasperson presented numerous slide-illustrated travelogs before numberous organizations. He was a member of Wisconsin Rapids Lodge, A.F. and A.M., Wis- consin Rapids Chapter R.A.M., Cru- sade Commandery, Knights Tem- plar, Stevens Point Elks Lodge, Wis- consin Rapids Rotary Club and the Bulls-Eye Country Club. He was an outstanding senior Golfer. CRANBERRIES PROVIDES A NEEDED MEDIUM OF INFORMATION FOR ALL GROWERS Western Pickers Parts and Repairs Agent for 1961 Model ORDER NOW J. E. BRALEY & SON MACHINE SHOP 78 Gibbs Ave Wareham, Mass. HAVE YOUR REPAIRS DONE NOW KILL ALL MAJOR CRANBERRY INSECTS WITH MALATHION Malathion helps you avoid residue problems . , offer's safety in use Six seasons of use have proved malathion's superiority as a cranberry insecticide. Early spraying or dusting with mal- athion protects the new crop against damage from black and yellow-headed fireworms, false armyworms, blossom worms, tip worms, cutworms and blunt- nosed leafhoppers. Later in the season, malathion controls the highly destructive fruitworm. Offers safety in use •Malathion is a phosphate insec- ticide with loiv toxicity to man and animals. Its wide safety margin makes it ideal for air application . . . especially in and around populated areas. Avoid residue problems Malathion's fast-disappearing residues allow application on cranberries up to 72 hours be- fore harvest. Residues will be well below the limits established by law. Compatible with other chemicals Malathion is compatible with most fungicides and other insec- ticides . . . another reason why so many growers are making it the basic insecticide in their spray schedules. American Cyanamid Company, Agricul- tural Division, Princeton, N. J. photo courtesy of the National Cranberry Association The label instructions on Cyanamid products, and on products containing Cyanamid ingredients, are the result of years of research and have been accepted by Federal and/or State Governments. Ahcays read the labels aiid carefully follow directions for use. CYANAMID SERVES THE MAN WHO MAKES A BUSINESS OF AGRICULTURE Mass. Growers Much Interested In Sprinklers Since the talks of Dr. Chester E. Cross, director of the Massachu- setts Cranberry Station before the Massachusetts cranberry clubs and his article in the last issue of this magazine there has been a great deal of interest among growers of that state in the installation of sprinkler systems, particularly for frost protection. It now seems possi- ble that the number of such installa- tions in Massachusetts may even be doubled or more than doubled. At the meetings besides the talks of Dr. Cross there was information from representatives of Soil Conser- vation Service, that its service would be available to growers and from FHA regarding loans for such in- stallations. It was pointed out strong- ly that Massachusetts growers were in imperative need of better frost protection to insure consistent crops. Installations are now being plan- ned or designed and material is 'being purchased to put in such sprinkler systems. The Soil Conser- vation Service has been particularly busy consulting with' growers in de- terming how they may obtain suffi- cient water and surveys have been made. In the meantime the Cran- berry Station, through its engineer, "iStan" Norton is making further studies as to the very minimum of water with which such a system can work efficiently. Sprinkler Use Growing Now In Wisconsin A Wisconsin report is that the bud- ding looks good and as large a crop, and possibly more than last year, may be expected. There is increas- ing interest in sprinkler systems in that state, and a small amoimt of ad- ditional acreage will be put under sprinklers this season, these being on establisihed marshes that are hard to flood. It is believed the use of sprinklers will increase each year, as a sprinkler system does prevent the excessive use of water, and may im- prove the keeping quality. Considerable interest is developing in Wiscohsin in some of the new var- ieties and growers who have planting stock available are much interested in increasing their plantings of Stev- ens and Pilgrims. Some consider both of these varieties to be far su- perior to anything which has been grown in Wisconsin, and as rapidly as planting stock becomes available these two will be put into more acre- age. FROST WEATHER STATION AT BANDON Cranberry growers assembled at the bog of Ray Bates at Bandon, Ore- gon, May 5th to watch and help with the installation of a new weather sta- tion. This was installed by the U. S. Weather Bureau for frost warnings. Data from the station which was installed Iby A. L. Zimmerman of Oregon State University will, it is ex- pected, be ibroadcast over a radio station in the area in early evening so the (growers will know whether or not they must prepare for frost. AT WORLD FOOD FORUM Representatives of the cranbern industry this month attended the World Food Forum in Washington were Ocean Spray president, Georgt C. P. 01ss3n of Plymouth; Gilber! T. Beaton of Buzzards Bay, Ocear Spray's Eastern sales manager d fresh cranberries; and Orrin G. Col- ley of Duxbury, president of the! Cranberry Institute. The World Food Forum and ban-i quet inaugurates the Centennial An-^ niversary of the founding of the U.S., Department of Agriculture, and the: invitations came from the Secretary of Agriculture. President Abraham Lincoln signed the act establishing the new agricult- , ural agency back on May 15, 1862.1 The 3-day centennial observance will^ highlight the role agriculture plays i in today's international affaire. Try Cranberries Advertising INDIAN TRAIL, inc. WORKING— MERCHANDIZING— SELLING WISCONSIN-GROWN CRANBERRIES 12 Months of the Year Moving FRESH — FROZEN— — CANNED & JUICE — Striving r.lways to move TOP-QUAL- ITY products at TOP PRICES for bet- ter returns to WISCONSIN Growers. P. 0. BOX 710, WIS. RAPIDS, WIS. Fresh From The Fields (Continued from Page 6) to average from 1 to 3 degrees above normal and precipitation is expected to total near normal. Vines In Good Shape Most marshes removed their win- ter floods the middle of the month in the south and the last of the month in the north. Surprisingly there was more frost in the sec- tions than anticipated and some vine wind burning was noticed where frost remamed tight when the win- ter flood was removed. This is the first time that definite identifica- lion of this type of dessi cation was noticed in the month of April. There was also some leaf drop reported, with some occurring last fall and more this spring following oxygen defeciency. Overall the vines came thru the winter in good shape and fruit bud counts indicate above nor- mal numbers. ^00 New Acres In May In excess of two hundred new acres of vines are expected to be planted in May. Most of the acre- age will be Searles with Pure Mc- MANZATE Cranberry Pesticides and Fertilizers Farm Supplies LAWRENCE WARD SUMMER STREET PLYMOUTH Pilgrim 6-097 HARRY T. FISHER JR. PURCHASE STREET MIDDLEBORO MIDDLEBORO 2133-W Farlins, Ben Lear and Stevens fol- lowing in that order. Several of the newer disc type planters will be used to plant mechanically this year, but most vines will be planted with the barrel type planter followed with t':e cleat track. Prices for vines have gone up from last year. R. F. MORSE & SON, INC. Cranberry Highway West Wareham, Mass. CY 5-1553 Suppliers of DuPont MANZATE (Maneb Fungicide) Special report to cranberry growers on DuPont MANZATE^ MANEB FUNGICroE for effective control Fruit rots can cause serious damage in cranberry bogs, reducing growers' yields and profits, too. These diseases cannot be cured, but they can be prevented— with Du Pont "Manzate" mianeb fungi- cide. In the January 1962 issues of Cranberries, Dr. Bent M. Zuckerman (Massachusetts Cranberry Experi- ment Station) states that on the basis of six years of fungicide trials, "maneb is the best fungicide among those currently recommended" for cran- berries. In addition, maneb "gave superior disease control," while berries from untreated (plots showed an average of 27.3 % rot after six weeks of storage. Du Pont "Manzate" maneb is a wettable powder that's safe and easy to use. It wont clog nozzles or corrode equipment. Tough on diseases but mild on plants, "Manzaite" won't strnit growth or cause foliage yellowing. This year, for more effective control of ctranberry diseases, spray "Manzate" at regular intervals. Get better spray coverage by adding Du Pont Spreader-Sticker to the mixture. For full informa- tion on "Manzate" for powerful disease protection, write: E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., (Inc.) Industrial and Biochemicals Dept., Room N-2543, Wilmington 98, Delaware n all (himicals, felUw labeling instructions aud warnings carifully. B Better Things for Better Living through Chemistry NOW use SWDBO' INSECTICIDE to control cranberry insects r^j^-m^lMi.... .1^ .ya.i'^^'':^^,.^^ New, effective and safer-to-use SEVIN insecticide is ideal for control of major insect pests that attack cranberries. Use SEVIN in the late blossom period and again whenever insects attack. SEVIN destroys cutworms, fire- worms, fruitworms, Japanese beetles and leaf- hoppers, including the leafhoppers that spread false blossom disease. The long-lasting residue of SEVIN assures continuing kill of insects between applications. Se\in is a regiikTcd trade mark of Union Carbide Corporation. Even in the hottest weather, SEVIN residues provide long-lasting results. Safer-to-use than many insecticides, SEVIN is low in toxicity to humans, livestock and fish. Spray or dust operators, using SEVIN, do not require special protective clothing. They only need to observe simple precautions. Workers can return to the bogs soon after application. SEVIN is effective in concentrate or dilute sprays and dusts. If will pay you to use SEVIN this year. Ask your supplier for SEVIN now. Or write Union Carbide Chemicals Company, Division of Union Carbide Corporation, 270 Park Avenue, New York 17, N. Y. AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS <'ndJt>s4al5 ISSUE OF MAY 1962 VOL 27 - NO. 1 THE MARKETING ORDER DIFFICULT Hearings have been held for giving testimony in regard to the desirability and the undesirability of a marketing order for the American cranberry industry; briefs for and against have been filed v^ith the Secretary if the decision for a vote by growers is justified. The Secretary must w^eigh the evi- dence, both for and against and make his decision. Possibly the preponderance of the wit- nesses heard at the hearing lies with those in favor of the order. They, mostly related to Ocean Spray, feel the order is the best way to deal with the surplus problem which hangs over the entire industry. However, there has been sincere and deep-rooted objection, chiefly on the part of independent growers and handlers. The secretary has a difficult decision to make, we feel, and the growers in the vote an even more difficult one. CRANBERRIES SHOULD BE IN EUROPE The effort to develop a European mar- ket for American cranberries is still con- tinuing, this time with a second team rep- resenting the industry now being in that continent for a period of six weeks. This is all to the good. The representatives this time, under the auspices of the Cranberry Institute and the United States Department of Agriculture are Ben Pannkuk of Indian Trail Inc., an independent of Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin, and Marcus M. Urann, a director of Ocean Spray. The development of greater markets for American products in Europe and else- where in the world is now much in the pub- lic light. It is suitable that the American cranberry industry is alert to this possibil- ty of increasing the use and sale of cran- berries. The European Common Market is much now in the minds of producers in the United States. Other American agricultural products are on sale, in at least part, of England and the European continent markets. U. S. cranberries should be there too, and will be if the efforts of the cranberry ambassadors CLARENCE J. HALL Editor and Publisher EDITH S. HALI^Associate Editor Wareham, Massachusetts SUBSCRIPTIONS, $3.50 Per Year, FOREIGN, $4.50 CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin LEO A. SORENSON Cranberry Consultant Wisconsin Rapids Wisconsin Washington Dr. CHARLES C. DOUGHTY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. Oregon GRANT SCOTT Coquille, Ore. Massachusetts Dr. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. New Jersey P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey and the USDA's Foreign Agricultural Marketing Service are successful. An instructive article on "Protection From Frost" contributed by Dr. Charles C. Doughty, supervisor of the Coastal Wash- ington Experiment Station of Long Beach, Washington, is printed in this issue. This is the frost season. The more growers learn and understand about frost and cranber- ries, the better they can protect themselves against this universal hazard. He goes deeply into the structure of the buds and blossoms of the cranberry plant. He explains how frost causes injury. He explains when sprinkling should start, that is at what temperature. SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS Communication (Continued from Page 2) grower, and an obligation on the part of our government to help us in restoring the health of this in- dustry to what it was prior to Nov. 9, 1959; or explicitly, to help us earn for the grower the $11.50 to $12.00 per barrel we were receiving for our berries in 1957 and 1958. Personally, I feel that continued efforts should be spent by the Insti- tute endavoring to sell another size- aible amount of berries to the school lunch program. It was with some disappointment that I was informed by one of its leader that we can't expect sales to this outlet again this year. It is hard for me to un- derstand why cranberries has to be a one-year shot, when other fruits are consistently used by the school lunch program. If this program last fall was as successful as we have been told then how come the good taste of cranberries hasn't lingered on? Remember, these school children are going to be our consumer cus- tomers in the years ahead, and even at a sacrefice price we should en- deavor to keep our cranberry pro- ducts before them. Without the benefit of this govern- ment market all growers should be- come increasingly aware of the need to support the proposed market- ing order, even if not from prefer- SPRINKLER SYSTEMS PUMPS HIGH CAPCITY WELLS ROBERTS IRRIGATION SERVICE STEVENS POINT WISCONSIN ence, at least from necessity. As long as this marketing order can be terminated by a majority of we growers raising at least 50 percent of the crop and Ocean Spray mem- bers are voting as individual grow- ers then I believe that it is in the best interests of our industry that we give it a try. Even with this marketing order, I do not expect prices to be up to the 1958 level, but without it an unmanageable surplus will develop. And "independents" should not take any comfort in be- lieving this is primarilly an Ocean Spray problem, as no handler can escape its depressing effect. Regardless of our own personal feeling, the health of our industry is so interwoven, that the activity of any one group is bound to have a direct effect on the affairs of all. Yours trully, Lawrence S. Cole North Carver, Mass. Advertise In Cranberries WISCONSIN HEADQUARTERS FOR INSECTICIDES — FUNGICIDES HERBICIDES DUSTS — WETTABLE POWDERS — EMULSIONS PARATHION — MALTHION FERBAM — SIMAZINE DITHANE M - 22 (Maneb) WEED RHAP 20 Hopkins Agricultyral Ciiei^iixa! Co. p. O. BOX 584 MADISON, WISCONSIN Phone ALpine 7 - 1019 HUME PRODUCTS CORPORATION • DEGRASSERS • DRYERS • CONVEYORS Desisners and manufacturers of machinery for the cranberry industry SERVICES AVAILABLE TO WISCONSIN GROWERS: Steel stock from our warehouse Engineering services Complete machine shop service ^ For information, write: HUME PRODUCTS CORPORATION Eagle River, Wisconsin SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS FOR SALE SEARLES JUMBO HOWES, McFARLIN Vines for delivery in 1962 $125.00 Ton F.O.B. INTERESTED IN PURCHASING WISCONSIN CRANBERRY PROPERTIES Vernon Goldsworthy B.S. & M.S. University of Wisconsin Cranberry Consultant Fees Reasonable EAGLE RIVER WISCONSIN OUR PRODUCTS DANA MACHINE & SUPPLY Co. Wis. Rapids Wis. MFCS, of: SPRAY BOOMS GRASS CLIPPERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS G«tsinger Retracto tooth pickers Dryers DISTR. of: VEE BELTS & PULLEYS ROLLER CHAINS SPROCKETS & BEARINGS CONVEYOR BELTING STEEL A complete line of Sprinkler Irriga- tion fc- Frost and Drought Protec- tion. Can or Will Help Finance FRANKES IRRECATION 523 Post Rd., (Hy. 51 So.) Steve.is Point, Wisconsin Strained Cranberry Sauce Whole Cranberry Sauce Cransweets Diced Cransweets Cranberry Apple Sauce Spiced Cranberries Cranberry Chilli Sauce Cranberry Bar-B-Q Sauce Cranberry Orange Relish Cranberry Vinegar Cranberry-Strawberry Preserves Cranberry Juice Cranberry-Cherry Preserves Cran-Beri Cranberry-Pineapple Preserves Cran-Vari Cranberry-Raspberry Preserves Cran-Puri Cranberry-Rhubarb Preserves Cranberry Puree Cranberry-Gooseberry Preserves Cran-Bake Sliced and Whole Maraschino Cranberries Consumer Size & Bulk Fresh Cranberries Cranberry Products, Inc. EAGLE RIVER, WISCONSIN CORRUGATED CULVERT PIPE and FLOW GATES Felker Bros. Mfg. Co. MARSHFIELD WISCONSIN Phone 230 - 231 WISCONSIN CRANBERRY GROWERS are using more Signature Fertilizar year after year • Pelletized • Homogeneous • Dustless • Free-Flowing • 50 lb. Bags E. RAUH & SONS FERTILIZER CO. Indianapolis & Plymouth, Ind. YOU Are reading this ad. Others will read yours in CRANBERRIES Magazine WATCH FOR OCEAN SPRAY'S BIG CHICKEN AND CRANBERRY PUSH IN TV -"TONIGHT" "TODAY" NBC SHOWS PRINT - COLOR PAGES, SPREADS IN LIFE AND McCALL'S STARTING JUNE 29 VINC A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY •^Wt ^^-v\oHAL cm^mYMAeAzim APE COD «W JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON CANADA Y WM M. ATWOOD, of a distinguished Mass. cranberry family ICRANBERRIES, 35 Cents JUNE 1962 DIRECTORY For CRANBERRY GROWERS I Wcrcester Paper Box Corporation MEDFORD, MASS. Tel. MYstic 8-5305 Manufacturers of Folding Cartons and Displays i I WATER WHITE KEROSENE For use on Cranberry Bogs Also STODDARD SOl-VENT Prompt Delivery Service Franconia Coal Co. — Inc. — Wareham, Mass. Tel. CY 5-0039 PREFABRICATED FLUMES Straightline Pumps Bog Railroads For Rent CONSULTANT On Water Problems RUSSELL A. TRUFANT \nrlh Carver, Mass. Tel. UXion 6-C696 Wareham Savings Bank WAREHAM and FALMOUTH Savings Accounts Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent Phone CYpress 5-3800 Kimball 8-3000 The National Bank of Wareham Conveniently located for Cranberry Men Funds always available for sound loans Complete Banking Service lember Federal Deposit Insurance Corp I The I iCHARI.ES W. HARRIS' Company 451 Old Somerset Ave. North Dighton, Mass. AMES Irrigation Systems Sprinklers Weed killers Insecticides Fungicides from Kiekens - Duster and Sprayers EOUIPMZNT HAYDEN - SEPARATOR - WAREHAM, MASS. Irrigation Systems PUMPS SEPARATORS - BLOWERS SCREENHOUSE EQUIPMENT darlington Picking machines Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK ALFRED PAPPI At Screenhouses, Bovs and Pumps Means Satisfaction WAREHAM. MASS. Tel. CY 5-2000 SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES Ocean Spray Cocktail Juice Sales Up-More Familes Use Cranberry Juice Cocktail continues to show nationwide growth in distri- bution and consumer popiularity, ac- cording to reports from two market researdh crganizations, A. C. Nielsen and Market Research Corporation of America. The two research organizations pre- sented their reports covering the first quarter of 1962 at a meeting of Ocean Spray's marketing staff in Hanson. Also present at the meeting were Miss Ellen Stillman, chairman of the Board of Directors' marketing com- miittee; committee member Richard A. Heleen; President George C. P. Olsson and Executive Vice President and General Manager Ambrose E. Stevens. Both research reports showed a steady increase in consumer usage of Cranberry Juice, confirmed at Han- son by heavy shipments. Marked gains in distribution have been made throughout the Atlantic seaibcard and in the Pacific Nortwest, resulting in an increase of 50% in consumer sales since the 1958-59 season and an impressive gain of 80% in the num- ber of families buying. Greatest sales increases are in the quart size and reports show more and more chains and supermarkets now carrying both the pints and quarts. According to market research data, use of all fruit juices has been de- clining in recent years with the in- crease in popularity of fruit drinks. Cranberry Juice is proving an ex- ception to this general trend. The increase in consumer demand has been sufficient to warrant step- ping up Cranberry Juice Cocktail pro- duction with the instaUation of addi- tional prccessing equipment at Ocean Spray's plants in Hanson and North Chicago . More USD A Help For Fresh Fruit In England Additional help from the USDA in developing the European market is forthcoming, according to Orrin G. CoUey, president of the Cranberry Institute. There is an allotment of $23,000 available to develop the fresh fruit market in England, the fund to be 50-persent matched in ser- vices Or goods by the Institure. Colley is more and more encour- aged in the prospects of developing a European market for cranberries, and in fact in more places in the world than Europe. Last year about 1500 barrels of cranberries were sold in England. This year it is hoped sales will be upped. There will be a representative of the In- stitute in Europe again this fall, this being the third representation there. Ben G. Pannkuk of Indian Trail, Wisconsin Rapids and Marcus M. Urann of Massachusetts have just re'urned. Last fall Colley and Bert Leasure of Wisconsin spent several weeks there, laying the groundwork. American cranberries, it is pointed out, may be one of the few crops favored in the European Common Market. As they are grown only in the United States (with the exception TAKE ADVANTAGE of the BETTER things of life. The efficient USE OF ELECTRICITY is one of these better things — efficient use in power for cran- berry bog operations, and in the home. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM CYpress 5-0200 PLYMOUTH Pilgrim 6-1300 Attention Growers ! ! for your Spring weed control we offer water white kerosene "GRADE A" metered trucks STODDARD SOLVENT SUPERIOR FUEL COMPANY Wareham, Mass. Tel. CY 5-0093 J. W. Hurley Co. • COAL • NEW ENGLAND COKE • FUEL OIL Water White - KEROSENE - For BOGS (METERED TRUCKS) 24-hour Fuel Oil Service Telephone CY 5-0024 341 Main St. WAREHAM VOLTA OIL CO. Distributor of the Famous TEXACO WATER WHITE KEROSENE For your Bog STODDORD SOLVENT Tel. Pilgrim 6-1340 Plymouth, Mass. Rte. 44 Samoset St. SHARON BOX COMPANY, INC. ESTABLISilED l-5r, SHARON, MASSACHUSETTS We Will Buy Your White Pine Logs, Either Standing or Cut • Highest Prices Paid • Sawmill loc Office Phones: Shai ed at North Carver, Mass. n, SU 4 2011 Carver. UN 6-2234 If You Want A Good Flume At A Low Cost Use All Heart Redwood 2 Car Loads Due For Your Fall Requirements 6x8 — 6x6 — 4x6 — 4x4 Planking - Square Edged or Matched 2x6 2x8 — 2x 10 2x 12 SEND FOR YOUR FREE FOLDER ON THE "DURABILITY OF REDWOOD" E. W. Goodhue Lumber Co., Inc. MIDDLEBORO ROAD EAST FREETOWN, MASS Phones Rockwell 3-8811 — Middleboro 1275 Hold full flavor in your cranberry pack \^J CORN PRODUCTS COMPANY Manufacturers of fine products for the foodindustry . . . and popular Best Foods Division grocery brands for the consumer of a relatively small crap in Canada and one bog in Holland) cranberries would not be in competition with producers of the European countries involved. Of course, there is the Lingonberry grown and sold in some parts of Europe, but this is a con- siderably different product than the American cranberry of commerce. Colley and others have been in recent contact with representatives of some 50 countries visiting in Washington, and is becoming in- creasingly cheerful as to eventual development of markets aboad for American cranberries. Cranberry cocktail was served at Washington and very favorably received by foreign representatives, he said. While a foreign market for cran- berries would of necessity be slow, he believes, in time this demand may greatly help relieve the surplus problem. He envisions berries from the set-aside of the crop, if the market order is put in effect, being used to develop these markets. Re- turns to growers might not be any- thing beyond cost, at first, but if a substantial foreign market can be built up, its beneficial effect on the entire cranberry industry is obvious. USDA Makes Decision In Marketing Order Has revised provisions, with industry vote possible week of July 23, expected to be in time for '62 crop if a refer- endum favors. The United States Department of Agriculture on June 15 issued a re- commended decision on the proposed marketing agreement and order for the cranberry industry. This means, in probability, the issue will go to vote by all growers. This might be, in the opmion of President Orrin G. Colley of the Cranberry Institute, about the week of July 23. The Insti- tute was the proponent for such an order. Although harvest time is not far away, Colley said he believed, in the event of further favorable action by the USDA and a "yes" vote by the growers, the order would be in effect in time for the crop of 1962. Provisions set forth in the recom- mended decision are based on evi- dence given in the public hearings held in late March and early April (Continued on Page 12) Mass. Cranberry ^1. Station and Field Notes ;^^ #t ^^'^S by J. RICHARD BEATTIE Extension Cranberry Specialist ¥^ Personals Douglas Beaton, son of Mr. and Mrs. Kenneth Beaton of Wareham, who completed his freshman year at the University of Rhode Island, will work part time at our station this summer under the supervision of Dr. Bert Zuckermian in the field of nematode research. Dr. Satendra Khera's wife and two children had a safe trip from India arriving June 2, and are now livinig in Matbapoisett for a few weeks until an apartment is ready for them in Wareham. We are pleased that they plan to reside in our com- munity. Dr. Bert Zuckerman and Dr. Sa- tendra Khera leave July 1st for Cornell University where la 5-week advanced nematode seminar wiU be conducted. Students have been care- fully selected from leading univer- sities throughout northcentral and northeastern United States. The faculty is composed of leading nema- tologists in United States, Europe and Canada. Dr. Zuckerman has been honored to serve as one of the lecturers. Active Frost Seasion Cranberry growers have exper- ienced a very active spring frost season. 19 general frost warnings were released from the station com- pared to 16 in 1961, 4 in 1960, 13 in 1959, 19 in 1958, 19 in 1957, and 6 in 1956. The record of 41 warnings in 1949 still stands The figures referred to above include the afternoon and evening warnings. Frost damage this spring has been spotty and ranges from light to heavy. Apparent- ly most of the damage occurred dur- the week of May 7-13 and the night of May 28. We estimate the damage to be 15,000-20,000 barrels or 2-3% of crop potential. This is minor compared with extensive losses suf- fered last spring when an estimated 150,000-200,000 barrels of cranberries were destroyed. The observation made in this column last month apparently is still worthy of note; namely, that those bogs that were exposed to low temperatures during late winter and early spring have consistently showed less damage than bogs that were flooded until late March. Final Keeping Quality Forecast The finial keeping quality fore- cast was released June 6 and was mailed to growers through the oounity agents' offices. It ds as fol- lows: "Examination of weather records from April through May shows 4 additional points, and when added to the 2 points accumulated prior to April makes a total of 6 out of a possible 16 which favor good keeping quality fruit next fall. Based on the point system, the prospects are fair for the general keeping quality of the 1962 Massacihusetts cranberry crop. Those bogs that tend to pro- duce weak frudit would definitely benefit from fungicide treatment. Maneb or Ferbam are the recom- mended fungicides. For details, see the pesticide charts." New Insecticide The following information was re- leased to growers in early June: "A new insecticide known as Guthion, an origanic phosiphate, has been approved for use on orantoerry bogs. It iis recoanmended for the con- trol of FiTuitworm, Sparganothis fruit- worm and Tipworm. Apply 2 lbs. Hubbard INSECTICIDES • FUNGICIDES HERBICIDES ARE AVAILABLE ON THE CAPE FROM R. C. Mossman - Horticultural Sales West Bridge water, Mass. Representing The HUBBARD-HALL CHEMICAL CO. Waterbury, Conn. For Consistent Dependability with PESTICIDES and FERTILIZER see the man from Eastern States T. C. Ashley. E. Freeitoiwin Tel. RockweiU 3-5713 Harry T. Fisher, Jr., Middleboix) Tea. Middleiboro 2133-W James P. Govone, Forestdale Tel. Osterville, GA 8-4393 Lawrence H. Ward, Plymouth T^. PiLgirim 6-0970 E. S. Service Center, Broickton Tel. Jim^er 6-4055 E. S. Service Center, New Betdtfiord Tel. Wyman 6-5202 E. S. Service Center, Taunton Tel. Van Dyke 4-6331 EASTERN STATES FARMERS EXCHANGE Headquarters: West Springfield, Massachusetts Touraine Paints Hardware SANDVIK SCYTHES (ALSO CALLED FINNISH SCYTHES) CARVER SUPPLY CO. UN ION 6^480 Carver, Mass. — Brewer & Lord INSURANCE 40 Broad Street, Boston, Mass. CONVERSE HILL HORACE H. SOULE WILLIAM B. PLUMER CHARLES M. CUTLER EDWARD H. LEARNARD EBEN A. THACHER JOHN B. CECILL, JR. VINCENT M. WILSON Serving the People of New England Since 1859 of 25% wettable powder per 100 gallons of water, 300 gallons per acre. Concentrate sprays are not recommended at this time. It is too late for most effective control of Tipworm. Thraugh Guthion is some- what less toxic to man than par- athion, it should be handled as a dangerous chemical. Only experienc- ed operators with the proper pro- tective equipment should use such chemicals. Do not apply Guthion within 14 days of harvest." Insects Light Insect activity to date (June 14) has been lighter than normal. Tlie first brood cf Blackhead fireworm has been a problem on some bogs, particularly where treatment was omitted on "frosted out" properties last spring. Sparganothis fruitworm has been rather spotty. Weevils, cutworms and green spanworms have not been numerous except on a few bogs. Blunt -nosed leafhoppers wiill be showing up in the insect net very shortly as tiny yellowish nymphs and will require treatment in some instances. The second brood of fireworms will require careful watching, particularly where treat- ment was omitted for the first brood. The first fruitworm miller was caught in Prof. Tomlinson's hght trap June 7. This major pest will be requiring attention the last of June and early July. Early Water Treatment A substantial acreage of "early water" bogs was treated this spring with Simazine for the control of summer grass and cutgrass, plus some of the minor weeds such as pitchfork, fireweed, cinquefoil and warty panic grass. Results have been generally very good, parti- cularly the control of summer grass. It requires several weeks for this chemical to complete its work and this fact must be recognized before appraising its killing action on the above weeds. The great majority of growers have been well pleased with the results of their Simazine treat- ments. DO YOU UNDERSTAND THE BIBLE? For (helpful FREE booklet, write to: Christadelphian Bible Society 172 Jefferson Avenue Everett 49, Massachusetts Issue of June 1962 - Vol. 27 No. 2 Published monthly at Thd Courier Print Shop, Main St.. Wareham. Massachusetts. Subscriptions $3.50 per year. Second Class Postage Paid at Wareham, Massachusetts Peat Office. FRESH FROM THE FIELDS Compiled by C J. H. MASSACHUSETTS May Starts Cold 'May oame in with cold, drizzly weather, whioh did nothing much to further the growth of vines and bud. The weather did, however, eliminate at least for the time being the danger of forest fires aroumd bogs which had been so great a danger in the latter part of April. Weather for the first week was almost entirely cloudy and the temperature on May 7 was a minus 37 (Boston.) Third Warning— No Frost Third frost warning of the season went out aftemocn and evendng on May 7. Foreoaat was for 21, with the bud tolerance estimated at 22. Clouds came in and lows of only around 27 degrees were reported. Black Frost There was a borderline "black" f resit on the mcrning of the 10th, with a tolerance for berries at time of 22. A possibly dangerous frost was expected, but the wind did not die away as anticipated and there were varying temperatures. TCie dewpomt was at an extreme low. One bog reached 201/2. Forest Fires Again The low dewpoint, almost at record, coupled with high winds again made the forest fire hazard come tO' life for the second time aruond bogs this spring. Ninety-seven such fires were foyght in the state on the 9th. Loss on the 11th Again on tlhe mcrning of the 11th there was a frost, this time a biad one. Warning had gone out for 21 and a dangerous frost, with tolerance d buds 22. There was no wind that night and temperatures as low as 17 on the Cape, in Plymouth County and even at the relatively warm State Dog. There were also 18s and 19s. Most everybody who could, had wa- ter on, used sprinklers, b'Ut with such a lew temperature, wide-spread frost there was some damage. The contin- ued abnormially dry weather was not hurting the buds any, but the situa- tion was conducive to froste and wa- ter supplies were net limitless. Frosts Continue Warnings were issued on the nights cf May 11 and 12, with frost occuring during the latter night. There were temperatures of 18, 19 and 20, with the tolerance 22. Some berries were lost on that night. Rain on the 14th The long, dry spell was broken to a slight degree by a light rain on the 14th. This was badly needed by the ijcigs and also to reduce the fire hazard. More would have been wel- come. First half of the month was a big 73 minus, (Boston.) Heavy showers oocured in the cranlberry area on tlhe 21st, but did little to alleviate the dryness. There was a heavy thunderstorm on the night of the 24th. There was a frost again on the morning of May 28, but low temperatures were not reach- ed, and a warning was out. May Colder— ^Much Drier May warmed towards the latter part, ending humid and rather hot, t^U't still more than one degree a day colder than normal. It was like mosit of April, exceedinigiy dry. Rainfall totalled only 2.18 iniches, while the mean is 3.18. There had not really been a sulbstantial rain since that cf April 7 and 8. Spring Frosts "Most Troublesome" Spring frosts were characterized by Dr. Cross, of Massachusetts Oian- berry Station as "probiably the most AGENT FOR WIGGINS AIRWAYS BOG SERVICE AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS HAND SPRAYERS - TOOLS - POWER EQUIPMENT AUTHORIZED BRIGGS AND STRATTON SERVICE CENTER R. F. MORSE & SON, INC. Cranberry Highway West Wareham, Mass. CY 5-1553 troublesome ever." There were some 16 or 17 warnings out. This did not mean there was a great amount of loss, as, while there was some dam- age, it was estimated as relatively "small." There was certainly nothhiig to compare to the black "killer" oif a year ago May 30, when the loss was set down as between 150,000 and 200,000 barrels, one of the worst free- zes ever, and which so substantially out final production in the Bay State. Water Critical As June came in water was critic- a,lly lew for frcst protection. The cold, dry mo-nth was an ad- vantage in that it improved the ex- pected keepiing quaUty of the crop this faU. Crop Prospect Good At end of May, wiiUe declining to make any barrel estimate, Dr. Cross, said prospects were very good at that time. "We are likely to produce some berries in 1962." But, at end of May, was substantially ten days be- hind normal. 'There was some gypsy moth trou- ble developing on the Cape as had ibeen anticipated, but this was beinlg controlled and there was also black- headed fireworm developmg on in- land bogs. Much Weed Control Much weed control had been prac- ticed, particularly with the new weedicide, "Simazine." WISCONSIN Cold Spring Ends May brought an end to a long cold winter and spring in Wisconsin. Temperatures averaged three degrees above normal and precipitation was normal to above normal in the cran- berry areas. The first of the month brought cool and dry weather follow- ed by a week of very warm tempera- lures and ending with cool and wet weather. During the week of May 13th temperatures averaged about 14 degrees above normal with daily maximums in the high 80s and minimums in the low 60s. Lowest for the month was 31 on the morn- ing of the 26th and highest was 89 on the 29th. Since April areas averaged from plus 132 to 250 heat growth units. Rainfall amounts during this same period were one half to one inch above normal. Undervine Spraying Most marshes reflowed the first ten days of the month primarily to null the remaining frost in the beds. Extreme warm weather followed ihe reflow period which started the vines early. This condition seriously curtailed over the vine solvent spray- C. I L. EQUIPIVIENT CO. 191 LEONARD STREET ACUSHNET, MASS. Cranberry Bog Service PRUNING FERTILIZING RAKING WEED TRIMMING Machinery Sales PRUNERS POWER WHEELBARROWS RAKES WEED TRIMMERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS - Large & Small For Further Information Call . F. P. CRANDON Rockwell 3-5526 C. J. TRIPP Wyman 5-2013 i^. C. LEONARD Wyman 5-3521 ing with many marshes canceling out their orders. Considerable under- vine spraying was done about ten days earlier than normal. Controls were good due to good drainage on the beds as a result of no frost flooding, allowing the solvent to penetrate deep in the roots of the weeds and grasses. Spot spraying continued up to the last week of the month, but this had to be curlailea as the new growth was developing rapidly Early Development ana Insects The above normal temperatures brought early vine development and also insects. Fireworm control start- ed the thu-d week, but wind and rain hampered good controls. Worms were observed in all areas, but were not expected to be serious. Most marshes were using malathion on the first dusting with several using the new insecticide Sevin for the first time. Aerial applications were bemg made in the Cranmoor area, but the majority were using ground dusting machines. Potential L:aks Goad Hooking was common on the Searles variety along ditch edges and on young plantings by the end of the month. Unless cooler tempera- tures developed an early bloom was expected. Overall the crop potential 1 coked good to very good in all areas. NEW JERSEY A Bad May Frcst An early drought, a bad frost and an unusually warm spell all occurred in May in the cranberry belt in New Jersey. The frost on the night of May 9 and morning of May 10 was extremely damaging to early varieties of blueberries and did some (Continued on Page 20) CRANBERRY PICKING BOXES Shocks, or Nailed Let me repair your broken boxes — or repair them yourself. Stock Always on Hand F. H. COLE Tel. Union 6-3330 North Carver, Mass. Great Grandson Of A. D. Makepeace Is In The Cranberry Business William M. Atwood, of Wareham, Massachusetts is head chemist for A. D. Makepeace Company — elected vice presi- dent of Southeastern Massachusetts Cranberry Club, Sec. C.C.G.A., a grower. by Clarence J. Hall A great grandson of the late Abel D. Makepeace, who once bore the greatest name in the cranberry industry and founder of the now big A. D. Makepeace Company of Wareham, Massachusetts continues in the cran- berry business. He is a Makepeace descendent on his mother's side, who is the daughter of the late Wilham Makepeace, formerly of West Barnstable, and who was also prominent in the cranberry industry. He is Wilham Makepeace Atwood, and is now head of research for the ADM company. In March he was elected vice president of the Southeastern Massachusetts Cranberry Club. In Aug. he was named secretary of Cape Cod Cranberries Grower Association. Atwood has known about cran- berries all his life, coming of a cranberry growing family on his imidtlher's side. Spending time with her at West Barnstable he knew of cranberry bogs. However, it was not until some years ago that he ac- tively became interested in cran- berry cultivation. His father, Daniel Atwood, was not a cranberry man. He was bom in Springfield Massachusetts, April 7, 1927, and attended schools there. He was graduated from Springfield Technical High School in 1943. Then came a term of service of four and a half years in the U.S. Navy from 1944 to 1948. He was a radio operator. He served on a PT tender for about a year and a half and then was on land duty at a number of points, mostly in Wash- ington, D.C. Makepeace Employ In 1948 In 1948 he entered the employ of the A. D. Makepeace Company. He did general bog work. He then got the idea of going to the University of Massachusetts. He took up agro- nomy, obtaining his masters degree in that sulbject in which he majored. In 1955 and 1956 he was a part-time instructor at the University in that subject. Then he served at full time for a year in 1957. He returned to the A. D. Make- peace Company in July of 1957. The ADM company had had a laboratory in the old car barn on lower Main street in Wareham. This he proceed- ed to rehabilitate and stock up until it is now a fairly-completely equip- ped lab. Took Cranberry Course He had taken up a cranberry cciurse at the University, and was the first to be graduated in this. It had given him a general agricultural background. At the Makepeace laboratory he does research work for the ADM Company. He has engaged in fer- tilizer research, herbicides, fungi- cides and conducted field tests which are necessary for such a large cran- berry growing enterprise as the Makepeace Company. He had studied soil chemistry. He had done work with the use of radio-active Isatopes. He is at the laboratory most of the winter. In the summers he has charge of the ADM spraying and dusting programs, making constant checks. In the fall he handles the packing of fresh fruit under the Ocean Spray label for the company at the old powerhouse of the former N.B. & Onset St. Railway company which adjoins the old oarbam builds ing. He usually spends a week each year working in the laboratory, mak- ing tests at the University of Massa- chusetts where there is equipment the ADM laboratory does not have. On Loan to Ocean Spray Following the amino triazole scare of November, 1959 he was on loan to Ocean Spray and assisted in the laboratory there, making analyses of berries. He worked there for four or five months. He lives in the Tihonet section of Wareham, with his wife and three children. She was the former Nata- lie Cerveny of Westfield, Mass. The children are Susan, 14; William, 9; and Paul 5. In 1960 he was elected a mem- ber of the Wareham school com- mittee. He is an officer in Social Har- mony Lodge, Wareham Masons, a member of Wareham Ivodge of Elks, 1548 and of Cromesett Tribe, Ware- ham, Improved Order of Red Men, He attends Wareham Congregational Church and is a member of the Mr. and Mrs. Club of that organization. He is, of course, a member of iSoultheastem Massachusetts Ctran- i Aerial Spraying and Dusting also Fertilizing I We Specialize I In Parathion Applications I I both I i Sprays and Dusts I AERIAL SPRAYERS, Inc. I (FORMERLY MARSHFIELD AIRWAYS, INC.) I Marshfield, Mass. I Thos. S. Weitbrecht (Whitey) Temple 4-7818 '^lynilllBllllHIIIIBIIIiailllHIIIHIIIHIIIlBIIIIBIIIHIIIHIIIIBIIIHIIIIBIIL'BniiailllBIIIIBIIIHIIIiaO^ Seven berry Club and attends meetings of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' As- sociation. His hobbies are fishing and hunting when he finds time. Written Papers He has written several pu':li:'.:e:l scientific papers as junior author. He has also written one, which was published in the proceedings of the American Society for Agricultural Science. Ca-author is Dr. Bert M. Zuckerman, pathologist at the Massa- chusetts Cranberry Station, East Wareham. Its title is "The Effects of Fertilizer and Fungicide Combi- nations on Cranberries." Atwood is a cranberry grower himself. In July of 1961 he, with Robert St. Jacques of Wareham, purchased a bog. This is the so called "Porter Bog" in the Leonard's Pond section of Rochester. I- is a piece of 32 acres and wa3 owned by the Cape Cod company. Of course, two other descendents o-f Abel D. Makepeace are prominen; in 'the cranberry industry, these being Maurice and Russell Makepeace o! the ADM Co. READ CRANBERRIES FOR BETTER PEST CONTROL 6^56 these reliable GENERAL^CHEMICAL products: DDT Malathion Parathion Ferbam Zineb GENERAL CHEMICAL DIVISION 40 Rector Street, New York 6, N. Y. Briefs Filed With Agriculture Secretary By Opponents And Supporters Of Cranberry Marketing Order Agreement Differ Sharply As anticipated briefs for and against the cranberry marketing order were filed with the Secretary of Agriculture. Below is a synoposis of two, one from Ocean Spray and one from a group of opposing independents and growers. OCEAN SPRAY BRIEF Cranberry production is increas- ing much faster than is consump- tion, petitions Ocean Spray Cran- berries, Inc. in a 15-page brief to the secretary of agriculture, supporting the proposed marketing order, and therefore by reason of a perennia industry surplus there is need for a marketing agreement and order. It declares that at no point has the recent annual market demand ex- ceeded about a million barrels, while the recent five year crop average (1957-1961) is 1,205,380 barrels, and the forecast for 1962 and subsequent years is for higher production with crops reaching the 1,500,000 barrel mark. The brief contends there must be some immediate means provided of limiting the total volume of fruit reaching the market. It notes that several factors present in categories where marketing agreements and or- ders have proven successful in the past, seem to fit the cranberry in- dustry perfectly. The brief was filed for Ocean Spray by Ropes & Gray, attorneys, John R. Quarles and George T. Finnegan, 50 Federal street, Boston. Ocean Spray Cranberries Inc. con- sists of more than 1,000 growers, the brief states, and also that the cooperative itself has never sought a marketing order. It does recognize the opportunity afforded to the in- dividual grower through such a pro- gram to help resolve the surplus problems which continue to "threat- en his very existence as a cran- berry grower." It states that since the program is designed basically for the indi- vidual grower, the decision as to its acceptance or rejection will not be made by the cooperative's board o: directors but will be referred to snd made by each grower member. "The cooperative, however, together with other responsible members of the industry, whether individually in favor of the program or not, con- siders it essential to afford to every grower the opportunity of making this decision which might have such a substantial effect on his livelihood." The brief goes into the history of the cranberry surplus, saying that prior to the second World War, production and sales were roughly in balance. It says that during the war requirements of the armed forces took about 50 percent of pro- duction and these extra profits were reinvested in cranberry acreage. This resulted in added production and in 1953 came the first million barrel crop, one of 1,203,500 barrels. This "■/as followed by other successive ex- cess crops and the surplus was 3 laced in freezers to be sold in com- ing years. It refers to the "disastrous" year 1959, when the statement (the "cran- berry scare" episode) of a govern- ment official completely destroyed the cranberry market and brought the industry to a standstill. It says today the industry has not fully re- covered its 1958 market position, "not to mention the complete loss of ncrmal increases in market de- mand ordinarily to have been ex- pected." It further states that during this period of surplus, the growers of Ocean Spray cooperative annually incurred the expense of millions of dollars for research, promotion and advertising to develop new markets and new outlets for the entire in- dustry. "But despite these great ef- forts to build an increasing consumer demand, the blunt fact remains that production has continued to exceed consumption, and for as long as 14 years, with one or two exceptions, and continuously since 1953 the cran- berry industry has been plagued by carry-over surpluses." It acknow- ledges the aid of promotional pro- grams sponsored by the USDA, fol- lowing the loss of the market. Ocean Spray brief contends that a direct result of the surplus is a disorderly market, characterized by depressed prices, reduced sales vol- ume and low returns to growers. It asserts that in orderly market, sup- ply and demand are about in bal- ance, and trade purchasers are more aggressive in promoting and mer- chandising cranberries. "Price fluct- uations are rare and are of little importance to the buyer." It says that in the trade area, a carry-over (such as is caused by the surplus) has a more depressing effect than the size of the current crop. Continuing, the brief states na- tional advertising and promotion, es- sential to increase the market de- mand and decrease the surplus have raised the growers' cost per barrel by $3 to $5. It says freezer storage cost may annually amount to $3 to $4 a barrel. It states that since the early 1930's general bog labor has increased about 500 percent, super- visory labor about 400 percent and real estate taxes about 300 percent. Eigrht It also mentions the increased cost of supplies such as fertilizer, and that the cost increase in cranberry equipment has about tripled. It fixes the minimum return to a grower "just to stay in business" at about $9 to $10 a barrel. "A cran- berry grower, however, cannot be satisfied simply with the recovery of current costs. He has a substan- tial investment in acreage and equip- ment, and he must make capital im- provements tq his holdings and should also be entitled to make a fair profit on his investment." To accomplish this, it is stated he needs a return of $14 to $15 per barrel, while the average return during the last 14 years has been less ttian $10. It mentions the consequent deterior- ation of bogs and other cranberry property, and abandonment of many bogs; "Unless this situation im- proves through eUmination of the surplus and the receipt of higher returns by growers, many an in- dividual grower will, in a relatively short time be out of business, and the cranberry industry as a whole will rapidly decline." The Ocean Spray brief traces the background of the marketing agree- ment and order, noting that several members of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers Association met in 1956 and decided to revive the Cranberry In- stitute and to investigate the possi- bility of receiving aid from the USDA to solve the surplus problem. The Institute decided to seek a marketing order. This resulted in the passage of an enabling act by Congress to effect processed as well as fresh berries. A resulting bill passed the House of Representatives, but failed to be reported out of the Senate committee. "At that time 90 percent of the cranberry growers were in favor of it. Finally, in 1960, processed cranberries were included in the act and the Cranberry Insti- tute, (which is made up of coopera- tive and independent units), unani- mously proposed the order which is now under discussion. The brief points out that cranber- ries are in interstate commerce, a requirement of the order. In declar- ing why the order is appropriate to the cranberry industry the brief points out that production is con- centrated in only a few areas, and is in the hands of reltively few traders, high capital investment is required, and this makes getting in and out of the business difficult. It points to the small number of cran- berry handlers to make regulations more effective and administration easier. Finally it says there has been and is a desire for "self -"help" in the cranberry industry. It maintains the order would cre- ate orderly marketing conditions, re- sulting in greater sales than under the present surplus conditions, by means of the set-aside of the sur- plus proportion of the crop, "and over a period of years would pro- vide for a gradual increase in grow- er returns in accordance with the normal operation of the principle of supply and demand." It concludes, such a result would be of benefit to not only the growers, but all members of the industry; and would result in a better product to the consumer. Brief had pointed out the adverse economic effects upon communities where cranberries are grown. The order would "re- fresh the local economies that de- pend upon the industry and would maintain a self-sufficient status throughout the country, in an indus- try handling a gross sales volume of $40,000,000 a year." Independents' Brief A contention of a 47 page brief filed with the secretary of agricul- ture in Washington, in regard to the cranberry marketing order, is that the order would result in lower income to growers and not im- proved income, as proponents say the order will bring about. This brief was filed by Attorney Blair L. Perry of Hale and Dorr, 60 State Street, Boston, in behalf of Decas Cranberry Company, Inc. (a grower) Decas Bros. Sales Company, Inc. (a handler) both of Wareham; Peter A. LeSage, doing business as "PALS" Cranberries, of Plymouth, a handler; and the John J. Beaton Company of Wareham, (a grower). The brief further states the order could cause hardships to the inde- pendent growers and handlers, such as the sponsors of the brief, and would unduly strengthen Ocean Spray, which now has about 80 per- cent of growers and production. Brief also states the order would bring about the end of free enter- prise and competition in the cran- berry industry. Another major contention of the brief is that growers tend to achieve maximum returns when maximum volume of cranberries is sold; and the restriction of sales through a set-aside proposal for surplus berries would thus tend to diminish returns of growers. The brief states the grower is concerned primarily with the return per acre harvested, ra- ther than the price received per barrel. "The proposed order there- fore would be self-defeating, in that it would accomplish the reverse of the intended purpose," the brief says. This contention is based upon USDA statistics over a period of years. Included in the brief were charts and tables, which the op- ponents declare substantiate this as- sertion. Also contended is that in 12 of 18 normal years for which detailed in- formation is available, the return to growers varied directly with the volmne of sales — and not inversely, as the marketing order theory pre- supposes. "There is no apparent re- lationship between total sales and 'mains Ulrwaus I I NORWOOD, MASS. ' DUSTING and SPRAYING RAY MORSE, Agent TEL. CY S-3928 price per ban'el. In the 18 years considered, prices varied directly witih sales volume eight times, and inversely ten times." It states the cost of production of a barrel of cranberries has been estimated at about $9 per barrel. It goes on, assuming an average yield of 51.2 barrels per acre (the 1955-58 national average), the total cost per acre averages about $460 per acre. "Any return per acre in excess of $460 should represent a profit to the grower. It declares that when more than 60 percent of the cranberry crop has been processed, the return per acre has been well in excess of $460, averaging $708. Statistics purporting to support this are presented. It continues, since the return is high- est when a large percentage is pro- cessed, Ocean Spray "has no reason to sell a high percentage of its berries in fresh form (except to in- jure independent handlers.)" The brief also alleges that the order would result in poorer quality cranberries and therefore lower re- turns. To substantiate this it points out that Ocean Spray operates on a "pool" system, whereby all growers receive the same price for berries regardless of quality. It is stated that most independent handlers do not operate generally upon such a pool system, but pay the grower in- dividually upon the quality of his berries and whether they are sold fresh or processed. It is stated the best berries are sold fresh and the poorer are called "canning berries." It says handlers usually receive higher prices for fresh berries and in turn pay growers higher prices for high quality berries. It is stated that under the pool system, there is no incentive to pro- duce good berries, and that under the set-aside order every handler, including the independents, would have to operate on a pool basis, since growers would have to be paid for restricted (set-aside)- berries as well as berries which are sold. "In the long run, regardless of other factors, sales of cranberries would be lessened by reason of the poorer quality berries. Experience has shown that independent handlers who usually operate on a non-pool basis tend to pay higher prices to grow- ers than do pool handlers." It is alleged the order would harm independent canners by cutting off their supplies of berries. It says that independent handlers would sell the best berries in fresh form, and make the set-aside of the canning berries which are now sold to independent canners, and thus deprive them of a supply. It is alleged that in many years independents could have sold more berries if they had them, and that they were unable to buy from Ocean Spray which had a surplus, on any reasonable price basis. It is contended the order would mean the "end of free enterprise and competition in the cranberry in- dustry." The brief noted that most independent growers and handlers vigorously opposed the order, as clearly appeared at the regional hearings. It is stated if, that despite all this, a marketing order is "forced" upon the independents, certain amend- ments are essential to minimize the adverse effects upon them. One change these opponents of the marketing order seek to obtain is in a committee of seven which would administer the order. As pro- posed, the committee would have a minimum of four members from Ocean Spray, and each member of the committee would have an alter- nate, and if his alternate was unable to attend a meeting, any other al- ternate could be designated by the committee to serve. It was explained that thus it is possible that five, or even seven Ocean Spray representa- tives could comprise the committee. The amendment is therefore that not more than four Ocean Spray repre- sentatives could vote on any matter at any time; that the committee could act only by a vote of all seven (or at least six) members and that all votes must be taken at a meet- ing which is open to the public and of which due notice has been given to all growers and handlers who might be affected by committee action. It adds that, ideally, Ocean Spray should not be permitted to have a majority on the committee at all. In regard to carry-over of berries (in freezers) there is a proposed amendment that a handler with a carry-over must set-aside an equiva- lent volume of berries from the cur- rent crop, and that the restricted percentage, if any, shall apply uni- formly to the current crop as a whole. "The proposed amendment would eliminate a potential inventory problein which w:uld result in com- pletely unreasonable restrictions up- on handlers who do not have large carry-overs. If the proposed order is to be adopted, it should not be adopted without this essential amend- ment." The brief also adds there should be periodic referenda with respect to termination of the order if a ma- jority of the independent growers vote for termination. Tne brief maintains that the only "surplus" problem in the cranberry industry, which the proposed order provisions would tend to relieve, in the opinion of the proponents, is peculiar to Ocean Spray and is arti- ficially created and maintained by Ocean Spray. The brief points to previous civil and criminal anti- trust actions against Ocean Spray and several of its officers and major growers. The brief acknowledges that Ocean Spray, with 80 percent of produc- tion, does the most advertising and promotional work directed toward consumers, as no independent has sufficient volume to justify national advertising programs. It declares that it is doubtful if a proposed new cranberry canning plant in Wareham will be constructed if the order is adopted. In conclusion it asks the secretary not to approve the order. A TURKEY MARKETING ORDER The turkey growers of the country were voting on a proposed turkey marketuTig order June 18 through June 28. Turkey and cranberries have always been traditional, and both are now concerned with mar- keting orders. Communication To the Editor, Cranberry Magazine After having read Lawrence Cole's letl^er in supoort of the Federal Marketing Order for cranberries in the previous issue of Cranberries, perhaps a few words concerning the other side of the picture would be appropriate. I would agree with Mr. Cole that like all industries oiu-s has certain problems which we must overcome. Is the Federal Marketing Order the answer to these problems? I think not fcr many reasons. To beein with the proponants for the order (mamly Ocean Spray) officials maintain that the order is ncessary to create orderly marketing conditions so that the result will be increased returns per barrel to the growers. This attemot will be brought about by forcing all growers to give up a certain percentage of their crop and place it into the hands of the United States Department of Agricul- ture. The U.S.D.A., after consulting with a committer from the industry, will make the final decision on all matters including how many barrels must be put aside and how much each remaining barrel of the free berries must be taxed in order to cover the c:'sts of the marketing order program. Among other things the costs will include handling, storage, inspect- ion and disposal of the set-aside pool. None of the costs of this pro- gram are shared by the U.S.D.A. It comes strictly from the growers. This m.eans that any increase in returns to the growers must first overcome the cost of producing berries for which there will be no re- turn as well as the taxation involved in the cost of the program. Certain statistical information with respect to the cranberry industry published by the U.S.D.A. and in- troduced as evidence at the market- uig order hearings brings to light many interesting facts. For example, it shows that the cranberry grower does not receive more money when less cranberries are sold as the theory of the market- ing order would have you believe. The U.S.D.A. statistics show that the grower receives a bigger return per acre if in a given year the yield per acre is unusually high, regardless of the fact that the return per barrel may decrease. The im- portant factor is the return per acre. In 1953, for instance, total sales were 399,800 barrels higher than in 1952 and the price fell $4.10 per barrel. However, the total re- turn to growers increased $1,711,000 over 1952. When one considers the "surplus problem" that Ocean Spray wishes the Marketing Order to deal with, one should keep in mind the follow- ing facts: (1) Only Ocean Spray has a surplus year after year and all other handlers usually can't get enough berries to fill all their orders; (2) Despite their constant surplus. Ocean Spray continuously seeks to induce more growers to become affihated with Ocean Spray under exclusive dealing contracts; (3) In 1961, Ocean Spray dumped 200,000 barrels of berries, allegedly because it was unable to screen them fast enough to sell them, but no attempt, they admit, was made to sell them unscreened; (4) On a number of occasions other handlers have offered to buy berries from Ocean Spray in accordance with market wliolesale prices and the published price list put out by Ocean Spray. However, by quoting high prices F.O.B. from a point remote from the buyer, so that the total cost to the buyer, including freight, is prohibitive, Oceian Spray effectively avoids mak- ing sales to these handlers. East Coast handlers, for example, are quoted prices F.O.B. Wisconsin, while Wisconsin handlers are quoted prices F.O.B. East Coast points. It seems after considering these facts, all of which came out of the evidence produced at the Marketing Order Hearings, the surplus problem is, at least to a great degree, artificially created. It would seem therefore, that the industry could help itself significantly before it begins to consider help from the Federal Government. Many people wonder, of course, how this expanding government of ours could handle the extra duties of governing and policing the Mar- keting Order Program with the sin- cerity and compassion of those who have poured so much of themselves into the cranberry industry. As we all know, the Farm Pro- gram with the exception of the De- fense Program, spends more money than any other government agency. The biureaucratic maze of this depart- iment has expanded to such a degree that it seems they have difficulties policing their own ranks let alone that of the cranlberry industry. One needs only to look at the daily news- papers to see what astounding pro- portions the Billie^Sol^Estes affair has reached before being exposed and the number of U.S.D.A. and other government officials who are involved, including at least one top Marketing Order official and his as- ■ sistant. It is less government control and more competitive free merohandising that our industry needs to cure our ills. Mr. Cole tells us that optimism. should be held in check. Well per- haps Mr. Cole and others are ready to surrender to the Federal Govern- ment, but there are those of us who see the real potential of improve- ment. A new cannery is a definite reality and so far as I can see it will be operated by aggressive, opti- mistic people who are not ready to call it quits. There is also good reason for opti- mism in a recent report which sihows a great European market just wait- ing to be developed and very soon will be. Optimism, I submit, breeds initia- tive and it takes a strong willed in- dividualist to take the initiative and the cranberry growers I know are just that kind of people. For the cran- berry industry "new frontiers" can mean more than just an empty phrase. Respectfully, John C. Decas Wareham, Mass. Gains In Other Commodity Market Orders Quoted Pres. Olsson in letter notes favorable results. George C. P. Olsson, president of Ocean Spray, in a letter to members discusses the market order. He wrote : "I have read and studied many articles for and against marketing orders. However, it was my opinion that the best information I could get would be from the heads of other businesses or marketing associations who had been under a marketing order. I would like to quote a few excerpts from letters received from the heads of other commodity groups. 'From California Almond Growers Exchange, which has had a market- ing order for the last 12 ye-ars. 'There can be no doubt but that the record almond crops of 1959 and 1961 would have resulted in de- moralized, if not catastrophic, mar- keting conditions if it had not been for the effectual management of these supplies through a marketing order. 'From the Sun-Maid Raisin Grow- ers of California, who have had a marketing order for 12 years. 'In our opinion the Federal Raisin Marketing Order has proven to be one of the most important factors in the beneficial interests of pro- ducers, handlers, consumers and public at large during the existence of the California Raisin industry, which goes back to the 1870's .... We believe that today it is virtually the opinion of all factors in the raisin industry that this marketing order is essential to the well-being of the raisin industry and in par- ticular, of course, to the producers. Most certainly we in Sun-Maid are of that opiinion." 'From the Diamond Wahiut Grow- ers, Inc., of California: 'Our marketing order has been very successful, and, I think, has been of very considerable value to the walnut industry .... First, based on our experience, I would say that the effectiveness of a mar- keting order is greatly enhanced by a limited geographical area of oper- ation.' Mr. Olsson's note; "I cer- tainly think the growing of cranber- ries is within a limited geographic area"). 'To further quote from Diamond Walnut Growers, Inc.; "I think the final virtue of a mar- keting order is that it is much easier to vote out than to vote in. In the event a marketing order be- gins to go sour it can be very easily eliminated by a negative vote of the growers concerned.' 'From a statement concerning California Date Industry, which has been under a marketing order for 6 years; 'Sales of date products have in- creased from 5.1 million pounds in 1955-56 to approximately 11 million pounds in 1960-61. Meanwhile the sales of 'free' dates have increased from 21 million pounds to 25 million pounds. Thus, the development of new outlets for dates, now able to continue without Federal assistance, has made possible the stabilization of the traditional markets for dates, with slow but steady expansion, and improved returns to date growers". In the same letter Mr. Olsson re- fers to one of "best" summaries on the subject appearing in a recent Eleven issue of "The Packer," a trade journal. This is a summary prepared by Floyd Hedlund, director of the Fruit and Vegetable division, agri- cultural marketing service, USDA. It says: "Marketing agreements and or- ders have one basic clearcut pur- pose — to improve returns to grow- ers — under marketing agreements and orders, the growers and hand- lers in an industry can work togetiher to solve problems they can't solve individually — marketing agreements and orders provide self-help market- ing tools and industry can use in attacking its particular marketing problems — each marketing agree- ment and order program is tailor- made to fit the particular industry — marketing agreements and orders are started by the industry, design- ed by the industry, approved by the industry, and run by the industry — each marketing order program must be voted in by growers and they can vote it out by the same method." USDA Decision (Continued from Page 2 at Wareham, Mass.; Mt. Holly. New Jersey; Wisconsin Rapids, Wiscon- sin; and Grayland, Washington. The recommended decision is said to be essentially that of the form of the original program. It provides for an industry committee of seven growers or their employes, and an alternate for each, and each of the four cranberry districts must have one representative. Nominations will be submitted by the industry. The program would authorize limit- ing the total quantity of cranberries which may be handled by fixing the "free" and "restricted" percentage, (of cranberries) and provides for (A) each handler to withhold a por- tion of the cranberries he acquires; (B) release from withholding re- quirements under certain conditions; (C) transfer of cranberries between handlers; (D) handling restricted cranberries in specified outlets; and (E) exemption of such minimum quantities from regulations as the committee may determine. It also provides for marketing re- search and development projects to "assist, imiprove, or promote the marketing, distriboition and consump- tion of cran'berries." There is now a period in whidi any who oppose the recommended decision may file exceptions to any part of it with the Hearing Clerk, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington 25. The time limit for this filiaig has been set for July 5th. After that the USDA will analyse the exceptions and will approve or disapprove a marketing agreement and order for cranberries. Then the entire proposal would be submitted to the growers for the referendimi. It is understood every known cran- berry grower In the United States would receive a copy of the proposal, and a ballot and would vote by mail. A vote for the order must be by two-thirds majority of the growers either by number or volume, and the handlers of at least 50 percent of the crop by volume must sign for the agreement. Ballots are held confi- dential. It would appear from the recom- mended decision by the USDA that the order was supported by sufficient evidence at the hearings, and that the order was needed and would help to solve the cranberry market- ing problem. However, at the hear- ings, and in the filing of briefs there was considerable strong opposition to the order, mostly by independent growers and handlers. Recommendation says copies of the recommended decision are avail- alble from the Director, Fruit and Vegetable Division, Agricultural Mar- keting Service, U.S. Dept. of Agri- culture, Washington 25, D.C. This has been a hotly debated is- sue within the cranberry industry, proponents maintaining that with- holding from the regular market a portion of the crop, amount to be decided by the committee of seven, each year when it is deemed there is a surplus crop, would lead to an orderly market, a stabilized mrrkei and better returns to a new marke,: distressed cranberry industry. Op- ponents contend the order would not LO desirable for the industry. Growers Consider USDA Decision News of the recommended deci- sion by the United St~:es Dep.--rt- ment of Agricullure was received with reactions which varied with whether growers were in favor of the marketing order, or not in favor. There was a reluctance to say too much until copies of the provisions rs revised by USDA had been re- ceived by the industry, which they had not as this goes to press. These copies, it is understood, are to be sent to all who testified at the hear- ings. Reports are, the provisions were "essentially" the same as the origi- nal pro-am drawn up and distribu- ted to all growers by the Cranberry Institute. There still remains the period for the filing of exceptions to the pro- visions as now drawn up by USDA. And then the "analysis" of these by Washington officials, and upon this depends the decision of USDA to put the issue to the referendum vote by all growers. There was awareness within the industry that time before next har- vest is short for these matters, in- cluding the nomination of the in- dustry-wide committee of seven, with a man from each cranberry area, the committee organization, and its study and recommendations, if any, for a set-aside of a portion of the crop which might be surplus, that is, of course if a marketing crdc-r is voted in the referendum. The size of the coming crop is of speci?.l interest this year in view of the proposed order. It is now only about eight weeks to harvest. There is yet to come the results of bloom and set, any possible undue insect loss of berries, haU, or drought damage, summer frosts in Wisconsin, which can have frosts any month in the year, or early frost damage anj^where. So there has not as yet been any real estimate of the crop in barrels, but those who watch crop prospects most closely seem of the opinion rrcdivction will be of good size and likely considerably in excess of a million barrels. Massachusetts, which last year lost so heavilly in the black frost of May 30, has very gcod prospects, it is indicated, as has V/isconsin (despite a consider- able frost loss in a northern sec- tion) and which now is a close sec- end in production. Last year, which was a short croo year because of Massachusetts, Ocean Spray sold about 800.000 bar- rels and Independents about 200,000 making a total of about one million. New Cranberry Cannery For Massachusetts Some details of the new cranberry cannery in Massachusetts were un- Folded the night of June 20 at a in ee ting of Wareham Board of Ap- peals in a zoning regulations var- iance. The Board allowed the vari- ance for expansion of the present J. J. Beaton Company screening and storage warehouse, the largest in the industry, at South Wareham to incorprate a cold storage room, a freezer storage area with a capacity of 15,000 barrels and a complete canning operation. AD estimated $100,000 will be spent on the new addition and equip- ment. There was an estimated over- all addition of $100,000 to the com- pany's annual payroll. Work will begin shortly, according to Atty. Robert Briggs, Plymouth, who ap- peared at the hearing and to Joihn Retiring Cranberry Director Honored George C. P. Olsson, left, president of Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc., presents gift on behalf of the coopera- tive's Board of Directors to retiring director, Bert Leasure, of Manitowish Waters, Wisconsin and Fort Lau- derdale, Florida. Mr. Leasure has served as a director representing Wisconsin cranberry growers since 1957, and he was honored for his years of devoted service at a board meeting held at Ocean Spray's headquarters in Han- son, Massachusetts, June 8. M. Kellie, new president of the Bea- ton Company and to Melville C. Beaton. Mr. Briggs told the Board the new faicilities would be of benefit to Wareham and the cranberry industry as a whole. Mr. Briggs said the new canning plant would be set up for new efficiency. Name of new company will be either The Beaton Malnufa^turi^g Company or the Beaton Processing Company, Mr. Kellie stated. The plant would can ether products be- sides cranberries, if such should be feasible. First public mention of the Mass- achusetts cannery came £t the Mar- ket Order hearing at Wareham in March, and has been kept a closely guarded secret. It is expected there will be more inform'ation later. Ocean Spray Ad. Campaign Ocean Sp^ray will zip up summer- time Cranlberry Sauce sales with a hard-selling magazine and TV adver- tising campaign promoting "Chicken Every Sunday — Cranberry Every Chicken." Advertising will break June 29 with a 2-page, full color spread in Life Magazine. Eight solid weeks of TV advertising timed to influence shop- pers on heavy food-shopping days will run from June through Lalbor 'Day. Thursdays en the "Tonight" show] and Fridays on the "Today" show. A fuill-page, ful^color advertise- ment in McCall's magazine will pick up the chicken-cranbeirry theme in August at the peak of the chicken- selling season. Pole display pieces, posters, price cards, ^ad mats, column headers and shelf strips offer retailers opportunity to tie in with the oonisiuimer campaign Ames Retires As Ocean Spray Director William A. Ames, Jr. of Oster- ville, Mass., who has served 'as director of Ocean Spray since 1955 has retired as well as Bert Leasure. He was presented a gift from the cooperative by William E. Crowell of Dennis, a director. Dr. Nash on "Today" Dr. Philio Nash, Wisconsin Rapids cranberry grower and public official, now U. S. Commissioner of Indian Affairs, was interviewed on the "To- day" program June 21. Program wias in regard to a pending Indian suit for land damage by the Sioux Indian Thirte«'n 'What Marketing Order Does And Doesn't Provide*' Circular sent by Indian Trail Inc. finds flaws in or- der and loss of Free Enter- prise. Cranberries Magazine has received a circular letter concerning and op- posing the proposed marketing agree- ment and order from Indian Trail, Inc., Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin, handler and processor of cranberries. This lists, in the opinion of that independent, what the order does not and does provide. Letter says that under the order: there is no money flowing to the grower — there is no price support — there is no assurance of any price whatsoever — there is no subsidy payments to growers in any way — there is no acreage or production control — there is no quahty con- trol for fresh cranberries or pro- cessing fruit (this is a basic prob- lem.) The order does provide: a com- mittee of 7 setting up regulations for you to follow, a committee with very little, if any experience in marketing and production problems — a committee governed by the Secretary of Agriculture — a lucra- tive job for someone within the cran- berry industry to act up as "man- ager" of the program with an as- sistant or two, stenographers, cfiic2 and expense accounts; all this would be paid for by you as a grower, not the government — a screen that would hide from growers any in- ability and incompetence in sales agencies, an escape from responsi- bility for officers and directors of sales agencies in performing a hard sales job of marketing — a lesser return fcr your berries because of the high cost of running the pro- gram — most important, the loss of control of your business, the open- ing wedge of bureaucracy — the fact that another industry and a new group of growers added to the Ust of agriculturalists who have found disappointment, disillusionment, and tragedy in government control, please note once you have made the move you cannot find a road back — a set- aside that will only help the large producer, the small and medium- sized grower will foot the bill. Letter urges growers to think and think hard, and asks if they want free enterprise or government con- trol for the rest of their life. Included with the letter is a re- print from the Produce Reporter Exchange bulletin. This does not refer to marketing orders on cran- berries, but does to freedom of en- terprise in agriculture and other industries. It says in agricultiire, we in this country live with sur- pluses, one result of government tinkering with this very delicate com- munications system — destroy the system altogether as others have done and share their shortages. It says American agriculture is only the first segment of this nation's economy to reach the crossroads where the bureaucrats feel they are now sufficiently well entrenched and have enough of a stranglehold to dictate a favorable response to the propositions they offer — security through government planning. Cranberry Products Going Into Sauce Glass Line Cranberry Products, Inc. of Eagle River, Wisconsin, is adding a new boiler which will just double i^s cap- acity for manufacturing cra:i":3rry sauce. In addition to its tin line it is going into the glass line and has al- ready completed market study tests en cranberry sauce in gl?£3. It c:n- sic'ers that cranberry sai"2e in glass aFi;:are'ntly has excellent sales ap- peal, :2nd the corp:r;l:on believe:? ihis is one way to help proa::te cranlberries. Communication (CRAMEZEJ^IES has received the following communication from Ni- geria in Africa and is complying with the writer's request to publisih) Dear Editor I would be very happy if you will receive tV.is letter. The purpose of this letter is that I will like you to pubhsh me in your magazine. I have been hearing that you are meticulous o! publishing people from foreign lands in order that people of your own land may know what he or she wants from them. I will like to trade with your own people, whether old or small, I will also like them to write to me before they send anything to me because it would be very inconvenient if they send things to me first before writing to me. I would like to trade things: Two sport shirts, one rayon two knit shirts, two khaki pants and also two tee shirts, for wallets. I beg you. Sir, the Editor, to ac- cept this letter, and all letters must be answered by air mail which is 25 cents. I send my affectionate greetings to you all and may Gk)d Almighty help us in our way. (Amen) MR. ABAYOMI FOLAMI 6 Atiko Street Lagos, Nigeria Making Cranberry Experiment In Alaska An Alaskan high school boy is try- ing out a cranberry experiment with cultivated vines sent from the Massachusetts Cranberry Station by Dr. F. B. Chandler. The youth, Dale Walthers of Anchorage, made the re- quest. He was sent a few cuttings of the new hybrids, Beckwith, Ste- vens and Wilcox. He wrote Dr. Chandler that he had set out the cuttings in swampy lands under natural conditions to grow with wild Alaskan (probably Lingonberries) cranberries native to the area. The soil was swampy peat and he covered the vines with a half inch to an inch of sand and watered them in. He wrote the test was to lead to clues whether or not the American cranberry could be successfully grown commercially in Alaska. He said he was interested in seeing if he could cross the American cran- berry with the wild Alaskan cran- berry. SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES ■lil!BIIIIBIIIlBlllinillBIIIIHlllini!HII!!VII!iHIII'HIIII NOW use mm ® INSECTICIDE to control cranberry insects New, effective and safer-to-use SEVIN insecticide is ideal for control of major insect pests that attack cranberries. Use SEVIN in the late blossom period and again whenever insects attack. SEVIN destroys cutworms, fire- worms, fruitworms, Japanese beetles and leaf- hoppers, including the leafhoppers that spread false blossom disease. The long-lasting residue of SEVIN assures continuing kill of insects between applications. ^ 1 Union Carbide Corporation. Even in the hottest weather, SEVIN residues provide long-lasting results. Safer-to-use than many insecticides, SEVIN is low in toxicity to humans, livestock and fish. Spray or dust operators, using SEVIN, do not require special protective clothing. They only need to observe simple precautions. Workers can return to the bogs soon after application. SEVIN is effective in concentrate or dilute sprays and dusts. It will pay you to use SEVIN this year. Ask your supplier for SEVIN now. Or write Union Carbide Chemicals Company, Division of Union Carbide Corporation, 270 Park Avenue, New York 17, N. Y. AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS The Effects of Fertilizer and Fungicide Combinations On The Quality of Cranberries by W. M. Atwood (A summary of a paper published in the Proceedings of the American Society for Horticultural Science Vol. 77, 1961). Experiments were conducted on the Early Black variety of cran- berries over a period of four years to determine the effect of fertilizer on the rot of fruit and the control of this increased rot by fungicides. Both field rot and storage rot (6 weeks) were determined. The first experiment dealt with the rate of application and ratio of fertilizer used. As the rate was in- creased from 200 to 800 lbs. per acre, the rot was increased also. The total rot from plots receiving the high rates was more than 50% in some years. The amount of rot did not differ when the three ratios 1-1-1, 1-2-1, and 1-1-2 were used. Five sources of nitrogen, 1) urea- formaldehyde, 2) nitrate of soda, 3) ammonium nitrate, 4) ammonium sulfate, and 5) urea were tested. Urea-formaldehyde and nitrate of soda resulted in no increase in rot at rates up to 80 pounds of actual nitrogen per acre. The other three sources of nitrogen resulted in in- creased rot at the 20 pound rate and rot increased as the rate in- creased. The effects of minor elements were Untreated Fertilizer Fungicide Fertilizer and Fungicide studied also. Copper, iron, zinc, man- ganese and a mixture containing the above plus magnesium and boron were apphed as sprays. None of these materials had any appreciable effect on the rot. Field observations indicated a di- rect relationship between the amount of vine growth and the total fruit rot. As the vine growth was in- creased by the apphed fertilizer ma- terials, the fruit rot was increased also and appears to be an indirect effect of the fertihzer application. This fruit rot, at least under some conditions, eliminates the advant- ages which accrue from increased yields. Therefore two fungicides were studied as to their effect on the in- creased rot. When fungicides as well as fertili- zer were applied, the rot was re- duced to the point where the in- creased yield became profitable. The results of this study show that the greatest increase in marketable yield came when a 10-10-10 fertilizer at the rate of 300 lbs. per acre was used in combination with a fungicide program. '^''^li^^^ I^^^'^^^Y^ ^^^'** ^ "^'^ P'ots subjected to fertilizer and fun- gicide treatments.* Total Yield (bbls./acre) 70 96 70 *In this experiment the fertilizer rate was 300 lbs of 10-10 the fungicide used was Zineb. Marketable Yield (bbls./acre) 62 47 66 77 per acre and MYRON D. RYDER iMyron D. Ryder, 64, of the Ryder cranberry growing family of upper Cape Cod died May 31 at Cotuit. He passed away unepectedly while at work. He was the son of Wallace and Laura (Clayon) Ryder. As well as being a cranberry grower he was a partner with his brother for many years in the Ryder Painting Contrac- tors Company. He was one cf the first to put in a sprinkler system on Cape Cod at Ms bog. He was a member of Mariners Lodge, A.F. and A.M. and was an army veteran of World War one. He is survived by his widow, Mrs. Kathryn (Kempton) Ryder, a daugh- ter, a brother, a sister, five grand- children, two nieces and two nep- hews. Advertise In Cranberries MASS. FROST LOSS RELATIVELY SMALL Spring frost loss in Massachusetts is now set, after a careful study by Cranberry Station staff as between 15,000 and 20,000 barrels, or two or ree percent of the present crop potential. It is only about one-tenth of the tremendous loss experienced in the black frost of May 30 of 1961. Hov/cvsr fr.^rted arezs have t:3n noted on most bogs and the damage is widespread. Damage to buds is only partial on most bogs, but in some cases it does represent a serious loss to individual growers. Substantial rains on June 5 ard 6 and again on June 12 and 13 were very badly needed and very helpful. In mid-June crop prospects in general were considered bright, much better than last year. BANDON OREGON PLANNING THE CRANBERRY FESTIVAL Bandon, Oregon, is already plan- ning for its 16th consecutive cran- berry festival, to be held September 28 and 29. Five young ladies, all juniors in high school have been chosen as prmcesses. The court will be composed of four girls from Ban- Western Pickers Parts and Repairs Agent for 1961 Model ORDER NOW J. E. BRALEY & SON MACHINE SHOP 78 Gibbs Ave Wareham, Mass. HAVE YOUR REPAIRS DONE NOW FARMERS PRODUaiON CREDST ASSOCIATION FEDERAL LAND BANK ASSOCIATION TAUNTON, MASS Box 7 Office Rt. 44 Raynham WARREN I ARNOLD Mftnag-er on High and one from Pacific Highi. They, chosen by a committee of he Cranberry Festival Association ire: Carolyn COrnwell, Joan Lakey, fudy McFarland, Carole Cameron ind Laurel Steddom Mrs. Phil Albom will officially •haperone the girls and will ac- XMnpany them on out-of-town trips. CRANBERRY JUICE ro fram:e now? lAccorddng to a news report in pa- pers there is a dispute over t(he liber- alization of speciality American pro- ducts allowed to !be imported into France. Story reports that France, after constant U.S. pressure, has hberalized a small list of products. This includes cranlberry juice and V-8. New Varieties Mass. State Bog A section of the new variety, Bergman, of one-Jbalf acre, probably the largest setting to date of this variety has been planted at Mass- achusetts State Bog. There is also a new section of another new hybrid, the Frankhn, one of one half acre. MANZATE Cranberry Pesticides and Fertilizers Farm Supplies LAWRENCE WARD SUMMER STREET PLYMOUTH Pllcrim «-097 HARRY T. FISHER JR. PURCHASE STREET MIDDLEBORO MIDDLEBORO 2133-W CHLORO i. ^. C. APPROVED Ohloro I. P. C. has been approved for use on cranberry bogs. This is a new weedioide. It must be ijsed in spring and fall when the vines are dorlmant. A little was used in Massa- chusetts tihis year. R. F. MORSE & SON, INC. Cranberry Highway West Wareham, Mass. CY 5-1553 Suppliers of DuPont MANZATE (Maneb Fongieide) Special report to cranberry growers on DuPont MANZATE^ MANEB FUNGICroE for effective rot control FYuit rots can cause serious damage in cranberry bogs, redaidng growers' yields and profits, too. Tltese diseases cannot be cured, but they can be prevented— with Du Pont "Manzate" maneb fungi- cide. ''J'*!!! In the Janiiary 1962 issues of Cranberries, Dr. Bert M. Zuckerman (Massachusetts Cranberry Expieri- ment Station) states that on the basis of six yeans of fungicide trials, "maneb is the best fungicide among those currently recommended" for cran- berries. In addition, maneb "gave superior disease control," while berries from untreated plots Show^ an afverage of 27.8 % rod «fl«r six weeks of sborae*. Du Pont "Manzate" maneb is a wettaible powder that's safe and easy to use. It wont clog nozzles or corrode equipment. Tough on diseases but mild on plants, "Manzate" won't stunt growth or oanBc foliage yellowing. This year, for more effective control of cnanberry diseases, spray "Manzate" at regular intervals. Get better spray coverage by adding Du Pont Spreader-Sticker to the mixture. For full informa- tion on "Manzate" for powerful disease protection, write: E. I. dn PsJal^ ISSUE OF VOL. 27 JUNE 1962 - NO. 2 .— ,._._H EVERY GROWER SHOULD VOTE Growers are now better informed of what a marketing order may, or may not do for the cranberry industry. They are in a position to weigh the case, and decide if any advantages outweigh any disadvan- tages. When the time comes to make the decision there is one thing every grower should do, and that is to vote. It is his duty, as in a political election. It is certain that there is a surplus of cranberries, just as there is a surplus in many agricultural products. We are pro- ducing more berries than we have been able to sell at a reasonable return to the grower. The surplus may be largely in the hands of Ocean Spray as opponents con- tend, but it does hang over the entire in- dustry. Some independents say they would have sold more berries if they had had them, but could they have sold enough so there would be no surplus problem? Proponents believe that an industry- wide set-aside every year, when needed, will eliminate or improve the surplus situ- ation, stabilize, and lead to an orderly market with improved returns. Opponents say this will not be brought about. It is also contended the order will tend to undue hardship on the part of the inde- pendent grower, handler and canner. If this proved to be true it would not be a good thing. But what really "sticks in the crop" of many is the so-called loss of freedom of enterprise, a degree of government con- trol in cranberry marketing. This degree is to the extent that the secretary of agri- culture is responsible for the administra- tion of the order. He makes his decisions from the recommendations of an industry committee of 7, "or from other available information" that "will tend to effectuate the declared policy." Proponents point out the order merely provides the authority under which an industry can develop regu- lations to fit its own situation ; that it is a "self-help" program. It may be recalled that the USDA has been helpful to the cranberry industry — in the cranberry indemnity program; in mas- sive publicity to restore the market when it was lost in 1959 ; there was the cran- berry school lunch program of last year and the USDA is even now helping to de- velop a possible foreign market. CLARENCE J. HALL Editor and Publisher EDITH S. HALL— Associate Editor Wareham, Massachusetts SUBSCRIPTIONS, $3.50 Per Year, FOREIGN, $4.50 CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin LEO A. SORENSON Cranberry Consultant Wisconsin Rapids Wisconsin Washington Dr. CHARLES C. DOUGHTY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. Oregon GRANT SCOTT Coquille, Ore. Massachusetts Dr. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. New Jersey P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey Another question is, can the order, if voted in, and found to be wanting, be in all practicability voted out? The secretary shall terminate if the order is not effectu- ating the declared policy; he must termi- nate if growers producing 50 percent or more by volume so vote. The question in a vote is "Shall we give the order a try?" We repeat, the grower should make up his mind, one way or the other, for or against, and VOTE. SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS Fresh From The Fields (Continued from Page 6) damage fx) early-drawn cranberries where there was insufficient water WISCONSIN HEADQUARTERS FOR INSECTICIDES — FUNGICIDES HERBICIDES DUSTS — WETTABLE POWDERS — EMULSIONS PARATHION — MALTHION FERBAM — SIMAZINE DITHANE M - 22 (Maneb) WEED RHAP 20 Hopkins Agricultural Chemical Co. p. O. BOX 584 MADISON, WISCONSIN Phone ALpine 7-1019 INDIAN TRAIL, Inc. WORKING— MERCHANDIZING— SELLING WISCONSIN-GROWN CRANBERRIES 12 Months of the Year Moving FRESH — FROZEN— — CANNED & JUICE — Striving always to move TOP-QUAL- ITY products at TOP PRICES for bet- ter returns to WISCONSIN Growers. P. 0. BOX 710, WIS. RAPIDS, WIS. for flooding. Cn some properties the water line of the frost reflow is clearly defined by brown tips injured by the low temperatures. The tem- perature dropped to 15 to 20" on cranberries and was in the low 20s on blueberries. May Dry There was 1.85 inches of rain as compared with an average of 3.77 for May, or just under dO'A. This ranks with 1957 when we had only 0.74; 1959 w'hen we had 1.80; in 1955 we had 1.17; in 1944, 1.37; 1942, 1.15; 1941, 1.73; and in 1939, 1.02. However, all of these dry Mays were followed by considerable rain in June with the exception of 1957, when there were only 1.78 inches; and 1942, when there were only 1.58 inches. In 1959 there were 3.33 inches in June; in 1955, 4.03; 1944, 4.26; 1941, 6.41; and in 1939, 4.30 inches. If this June follows that form we might have a good month but the weather is whimsical in New Jersey and this of course is by no means a general rule. May Variable In regard to temperatures, May was another month of extremes where we had record-breaking cold and record-breaking warmth. In addition to the tremendous frost the moraing of May 10, we had record- breaking high temperatures - with 95 on May 19 and 92 on May 18. SPRINKLER SYSTEMS PUMPS HIGH CAPCITY WELLS ROBERTS IRRIGATION SERVICE STEVENS POINT WISCONSIN SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS FOR SALE SEARLES JUMBO HOWES, McFARLIN Vines for delivery in 1962 $125.00 Ton F.O.B. INTERESTED IN PURCHASING WISCONSIN CRANBERRY PROPERTIES Vernon Goldsworthy B.S. & M.S. University of Wisconsin Cranberry Consultant Fees Reasonable EAGLE RIVER WISCONSIN DANA MACHINE & SUPPLY Co. Wis. Rapids Wis. MFCS, of: SPRAY BOOMS GRASS CLIPPERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS G«tsinger Retracto tooth pickers Dryers DISTR. of: VEE BELTS & PULLEYS ROLLER CHAINS SPROCKETS & BEARINGS CONVEYOR BELTING STEEL A complete line of Sprinkler Irriga- tion fc" Frost and Drought Protec- tion. Can or Will Help Finance FRANKES IRRIGATION 523 Post Rd., (Hy. 51 So.) Steve. IS Point, Wisconsin OUR PRODUCTS Strained Cranberry Sauce Whole Cranberry Sauce Cransweets Diced Cransweets Cranberry Apple Sauce Cranberry-Strawberry Preserves Cranberry-Cherry Preserves Cranberry-Pineapple Preserves Cranberry-Raspberry Preserves Cranberry-Rhubarb Preserves Cranberry-Gooseberry Preserves Sliced and Whole M Spiced Cranberries Cranberry Chilli Sauce Cranberry Bar-B-Q Sauce Cranberry Orange Relish Cranberry Vinegar Cranberry Juice Cran-Beri Cran-Vari Cran-Puri Cranberry Puree Cran-Bake araschino Cranberries Consumer Size & Bulk Fresh Cranberries Cranberry Products, inc. EAGLE RIVER, WISCONSIN .'„.Si„j&i^vi^~.'. S-,,-.?., -^^i%,^i^-^ -i*4^^- . i', ,^j:'i..i ,„ . CORRUGATED CULVERT PIPE and FLOW GATES FelkerSros. Mfg.Co. MARSHFIELD WISCONSIN Plione 230 - 231 WISCONSIN CRANBERRY GROWERS are using more Signature Fertilizer year after year • Pelletized • Homogeneous • Dustless • Free-Flowing • 50 lb. E. RAUH & SONS FERTILIZER CO. Indianapolis & Plymouth, Ind. YOU Are reading this ad. Others will read yours in CRANBERRIES Maga: ?;pj^' :trf-f^ji7f ^>. J? ARMERS produce more, sell more, buy more, create more jobs, than any other single industry in America. Through the years, they have turned to many organiza- tions for help. One of them is the United States Depart- ment of Agriculture. This year, the USD A is celebrating its 100th anniversary of helping American farmers. In so doing, the USDA also helps the whole Nation. As President Kennedy has said: "An economically sound agriculture and a rewarding rural life are essential to the national well-being." This message is brought to you as a public service during the Centennial of the U.S. Department of Agriculture by: OCEAN SPRAY CRANBERRIES, INC, IVING A iZU,UUU,UUU A TEAK inwu^lM 3#.P^'~^ -^W^ ^^■V\OVtAL CRANBERRyM4ft|7//|^£ [iUGl :aPE cod NEW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON CANADA J^' ^ ^, *y*v,': 'K 'Dave' W. Eldredege, Supervisor Famed Atwood Bogs (CRANBERRIES Ph 35 Cents JULY 1962 DIRECTORY For CRANBERRY GROWERS Wcrcester Paper Box CorporatEoo MEDFORD, MASS. Tel. MYstic 85305 Manufacturers of Folding Cartons and Displays WATER WHITE KEROSENE For use on Cranberry Bogs Also STODDARD SOLVENT Prompt Delivery Service Franconia Coal Co. — Inc. — Wareham, Mass. Tel. CY 5-0039 PREFABRICATED FLUMES Straightiine Pumps 3og Railroads For Rent CONSULTANT On Water Problems iUSSELLAJRUFANT Xoiili Carver, Mass. Tel. U:Vion G-CG96 Wareham Savings Bank WAREHAM and FALMOUTH Savings Accounts Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent Phone CYpress 5-3800 Kimball 8-3000 "he National Bank of Wareha Conveniently located for Cranberry Men m Funds always available for sound loans Complete Banking Service The I CHARLES W. HARRISi Company i 451 Old Somerset Ave. g Nsrth Dighton, Mass. ^ AMES I Irrigation Systems i Sprinklers ! s Weed killers g Insecticides ^ Fungicides = from _ Kiekeiis - Duster and Sprayers E 2CUiPMENT MYDEN - SEPARATOR - WAREHAM, MASS. SrrEgatfon Systems POMPS S'PARATORS - BlOWtRS iCRsEHhOUiE EQUSPMkN^T DARLINGTON PMm MmmB Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK ALFRED PAPPI At Screenhouses, Boss and Pumps Means SatisCactioo WAREHAM. MASS. Tel. CY 5-2000 i SUBSCRIBE TO | CRANBERRIES 1 Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. Cranberry Envoys To Ireland And England See Good Europe Potential Messrs. Urann and Pannkuk, returning to make detailed report to Institute — find markets can only be developed by spade work there. Ben G. Pannkuk, president of Indian Trail, Inc., Wisconsin grower and Institute director and Marcus M. Urann, president of United Cape Cod Cranberry Company, secretary and treasurer of the Institute and an Ocean Spray director, who recent- ly made a fact-finding trip to Eng- land and Ireland, have returned, both much encouraged at the prospects of developing a European market for American cranberries and cranberry products. Both agreed on the potential and the fact that it probably would take time to sell any large amount in that market. This agreed with the report of the first European visita- tion last fall of Orrin G. CoUey, pres- ident Cranberry Insitute and Bert Leasure, Wisconsin grower. The foreign agricultural service of the USDA has allocated money to the Cranberry Institute to promote fresh cranberries in the United Kingdom this coming fall and it is expected a third visitation will be made. Some real volume may be obtained from this visit. Messrs. Urann and Pannkuk are to make a report of their findings in detail to the Institute, but in the meantime have told of the highlights of their trip. They attended the spring fair at Dublin, Ireland and talked there with buyers of both fresh and canned merchandise. In the short time they were there they cavered a number of outlets, these including the Land Processing Merchandise, a ccimpany which is now packing a cranberry product. The raw berries are obtained from Ocean Spray and then parked in two sizes in glass. From Dublin they went to Man- chester, England and attended the International Trade Fair, participat- ing in the USDA exhibit area, along with the Institute of American Poultry Industries. At Manchester they "sampled" thousands of people with jellied and whole cranberry sauce; also with cranberry juice cocktail. They found the Englisih peo- pel most receptive. They found the only time at present when cranberries are used in England is at Christmas, with turkey. Ameri- can cranberries are used only in a limited amount. Mr. Pannkuk felt sure the people of Northern England will consume a large amount of cranberries and that it is the job of the Institute and the entire cran- berry industry to promote fresh cranberries this fall. He said he felt confident the results and sales would be very gratifying. TAKE ADVANTAGE of the BETTER things of life. The efficient USE OF ELECTRICITY is one of these better things — efficient use in power for cran- berry bog operations, and in the home. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM CYpress 5-0200 PLYMOUTH Pilgrim 6-1300 Hubbard INSECTICIDES • FUNGICIDES HERBICIDES ARE AVAILABLE ON THE CAPE FROM R. C. Mossman - Horticultural Sales West Bridgewater, Mass. Th. Representing HUBBARD-HALL CHEMICAL Waterbury, Conn. CO. SHARON BOX COIVIPANY, INC. ESTABLISHED 1K5C SHARON, MASSACHUSETTS We Will Buy Your White Pine Logs, Either Standing or Cut • Highest Prices Paid • Sawmill located at North Carver, Mass. Office Phones: Sharon, SU 4-2011 Carver. UN 6-2234 If You Want A Good Flume At A Low Cost Use All Heart Redwood 2 Car Loads Due For Your Fall Requirements 6x8 — 6x6 — 4x6 — 4x4 Planking - Square Edged or Matched 2x6 — 2x8 — 2x10 — 2x12 SEND FOR YOUR FREE FOLDER ON THE "DURABILITY OF REDWOOD" E. W. Goodhue Lumber Co., Inc. MIDDLEBORO ROAD EAST FREETOWN, M.ASS Phones Rockwell 3-8811 — Middleboro 1275 I I I I I I i «\^, ^«' ^^ mm i«^ ^» ^^ Retain natural flavor without over-sweetness 1 I AND CORN SYRUPS CORN PRODUCTS COMPANY He said the United Kingdom, Bel- gium, Holland and Germany are all markets with a great potential and should be given hard selling as soon ss funds and manpower are avail- able. He added the income of the coun- tries is high; there is plenty of work for all, and these people have plenty of money to spend and all like to eat well. Mr. Urann emphasized very strong- ly that a European market can only be developed from personal contacts and study. "This cannot be done from the USA," he said. "We must get the real feeling of the various peoples and learn the import laws of the various countries." He said, for instance, Germany must be considered as a separate entity (as in fact each country must be) because there are difficulties in exports from that country to others of Europe, in spite of the European Common Market. He pointed to the fact that Sweden and Denmark "hardly see eye to eye because c: historical reasons." He said that, particularly in Italy and France when people eat sauce they expect a sweet sauce, and cranberry sauce is tangy, and they will have to acquire the taste for cranberries. In those countries, he said, sweet jelhes are not eaten with meats, and to those people a sauce indicates "sweet" and they will have to learn the tangy taste of cran- berry sauce, which does go with meat. He pointed to the fact tJiat England is not yet a part of the Ccmmon Market althrough it is Ukely to be- come so. Mr. Urann did see an especially good potential for cranbsrry juice cocktail in England and in all West- ern Europe countries. DO YOU UNDERSTAND THE BIBLE? For helpful FREE booklet, write to: ChrLstadelphian Bible Society 172 Jefferson Avenue Everett 40, Massachusetts Manufacturers of fine products for the food industry . . . and popular Best F'mouth Tel. Pilgaum 6-0970 E. S. Service Center, Brockton Tel. Juniiper 6-4055 E. S. Service Center. New Bedford Tel. Wyman 6-5202 James P. Govone, Lawrence H. Ward, E. S. Service Center, Taunton Tel. Van Dyke 4-6331 EASTERN STATES FARMERS EXCHANGE Headquarters: West Springfield, Massachusetts Touraine Paints Hardware SANDVIK SCYTHES (ALSO CALLED FINNISH SCYTHES) CARVER SUPPLY CO. UNION 6-4480 Carver, Mass. Brewer & Lord INSURANCE 40 Broad Street, Boston. Mass. CONVERSE HILL HORACE H. SOULE WILLIAM B. PLUMER CHARLES M. CUTLER EDWARD H. LEARNARD VINCENT M. WILSON JOHN B. CECIL JR. Serving the People of New England Since 1859 Dalapon A new herbicide known as dalapon received clearance in early July for use in ditches and on shores of cran- berry bogs. Growers were notified by means of a flash card which reads as follows: "The use of Dalapon for the control of grassy weeds, cattails, and bur- reed in ditches and on the shores of cranberry bogs, has been approved by the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture. The Cranberry Station recommends the use of 6-% lbs. of 85% Dalapon in 100 gallons of water at 300 gallons an acre. Weeds are killed if foilage is above water level — but drier ditches give best results. This spray will kill cranberry vines and berries en contact. Spraying is permitted through July 31st, but not after that date. This solution wiU kill poverty grass and wamsy (Panicum vigatum) en the shores of bogs. Use spot treat- ments to avoid loss of turf and re- sulting erodicn." Annual Meeting The 75th Annual Meeting of the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers Asso- ciation will be held Tuesday, August 21, at the Cranberry Experiment Sta- tion beginning at 10 a.m. The pro- gram will include machinery and equipment exhibits, guided tours of the State Bog, a chicken-cranberry barbeque, brief reports from the Sta- tion staff, talks by Orrin CoUey cf the Cranberry Institute; Dr. Arless A. Spielman, Dean cf the College of Agriculture, University of Massachu- setts; Mr. John W. Stuart, Chief of the Foreign Agriculture Marketing Service of the U.S.D.A.; and the crop report by Mr. Byron S. Peter- son. President Philip Gibbs extends an invitation to all cranberry growers and their families to attend this meeting. Western Pickers Parts and Repairs Agent for 1962 Model ORDER NOW J. E. BRALEY & SON MACHINE SHOP 78 Gibbs Ave Wareham, Mass. HAVE YOUR REPAIRS DONE NOW Issue of July 1962 - Vol. 27 No. 3 Published monthly at Th^ Courier Print Shop, Main St.. Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscriptions $3.50 per year. Second Class Postage Paid at Wareham, Massachusetts Post Office. FRESH FROM THE FIELDS Compiled by C. J. H. MASSACHUSETTS June Starts Hot June came in with a summery bang, days were hot, a plus 22 for the first four days, even though nights were cool. Bogs were begin- ning to show adverse results as the result of the long dry spell, and of course water supplies continued to dwindle under the hot sun and dry- ing winds. Most bogs had benefited somewhat from frequent frost flow- ings, but this did not apply to all by any means. Helpful Rain Approximately an inch of rain fell over the cranberry area in a steady, gentle downfall beginning the 5th and ending the 6th. This did considerable good to the crop. It was the first good rain in many weeks. Again on June 12 and 13 there was substantial rain, about two inches being recorded at Mass. State Cran- berry Station. This coupled with the rains of June 5-6 were badly needed and very beneficial. Real Sminer Weather Real, hct summer weather came generally over the cranberry area, the 16th, and there were high tem- peratures. On the 18th temperatures were an 18 plus (Boston.) Another Helpful Rain Gentle, but substantial rain on the 19, 20 and 21 of June brought addi- tional and welcome rain over the cranberry area. The hot weather of that period was reported as bursting forth rapidly the bud and the first bloom appeared on bogs. Insects Light At the end of June insect infesta- tion and damage had been relatively light, with good controls being prac- ticed. Weevil and cutworm activity was a little above normal but the important blackheaded fireworm was lighter than usual. June "Perfect" Month The entire month was about as perfect for cranberry development as could be asked for. Rainfall, as measured at State Bog was 4.98 inches, while the normal is 3.21. This rain was well spaced. Temperature for the month were about a degree a day warmer than normal, as it turned out — it was not too cold and not too hot. Development Catches Up At the end of June, Dr. Cross, director of the Station said crop prospects were definitely up and locked "fine," although he would make no barrel estimate until he saw how the set turned out. There was a quick development in the buds and flowers the latter part of the month after a late spring develop>- ment and it was estimated at month's end that Mass. bogs were then about normal. There was a hail storm the last week of the month and one bog near Plymouth was injured but that had already suffered severe frost dam- age, so no hail loss was put down for the months. Simazine Effective The new weedicide Simazine was applied quite generally this year and in most instances, it was reported, bogs which used the material prop- erly, looked much cleaner. NEW JEKSIY Jane Temperatures Normal The weather during June at the New Lisbon Station was quite normal in regard to temperature but abnor- mal with respect to rainfall. The AGENT FOR WIGGINS AIRWAYS BOG SERVICE AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS HAND SPRAYERS - TOOLS - POWER EQUIPMENT AUTHORIZED BRIGGS AND STRATTON SERVICE CENTER R. F. MORSE & SON, INC. Cranberry Highway West Wareham, Mass. CY 5-1553 average temperature was 70.4°, which is .4° cooler than normal. The average maximum daily temperature during the month was 83.1° and the average minimum daily temperature was 57.7° ; this compares with the normal of 83.3° and 58.5° respective- ly. There were a number of unusu- ally cocl nights, with eleven of them in the fifties and five in the forties. On the other end of the scale there were four 90° days. There are norm- ally six 90° days in June. June Rain Heavy Rainfall totaled 5.60 inches, which is 1 "4 inches more than normal for this month. There were two very heavy rains, 1.51 inches on June 13 and 2.81 inches on June 24. The latter is the fifth heaviest rainfall in June. The tctal of 5.60 inches ranks as the sixth rainiest June in the past 32 years. The rainiest June recorded was in 1938 when 9.92 inches occurred and the second largest amount was in June, 1947, when there was a total of 7.55 inches. WISCONSIN Favorable Weather Warm dry weather during June produced a very favorable growing month. Temperatures averaged 3 de- grees above normal and precipita- tion was one inch below normal. Lowest temperatures were recorded on the 2, 12 and 24 or about two weeks apart. On the 2nd low readings of 18 were reported in the Hayward area. The month produced 40 per cent sunshine and 8-10 days with temperatures in the 93s. At months end the southern part of the state was experiencing drought conditions, the central and north areas were about normal in water levels. The extended forecast for July calls for temperatures to averags from one to three degrees above normal with precipitation to be below normal. Small Frost, Hail Losses An estimated 10,000 barrels were lost on the night of June 2nd in the northwest part of the state. Little FOR SALE One used Darlington Cranberry Picker, completely overhaulded by Hayden Separator. May be seen at Hayden Saparator plant in West Warehani, Mass., or write: G. H. MORSE, JR. 28 Metcalf Road, No. Attleboro, Mass Tel. MY 5-9788 c. a L. E 191 LEONARD STREET PiP^EIT 00 ACU5HNET, MASS. Cranberry Bog Service PRUNING RAKING FERTILIZING WEED TRIMMING Machinery Sales PRUNERS POWER WHEELBARROWS RAKES WEED TRIMMERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS - Large & Small For Further information Gail F. P. CRANDON Rockwell 3-5526 C. J. TRIPP Wyman 5-2013 H. C. LEONARD Wyman 5-3521 loss was reported on the 12th, but an estimated 5000 barrels were lost on the 24th. Hail the latter part of the month hit two marshes in the west but losses appeared to be low. Crop Potential Up Bloom came early with most of the varieties except the Natives hav- ing 40-50'; f bloom by the end of the month. It appeared as if the state would be in full bloom on or before the 4th of July, which would be two weeks ahead of last year and one week ahead of normal. Potentially it appeared Wisconsin could approach last years record crop provided set was go<>d and the berries sized. In- sect control on the 1st brood fire- worm was poor due to inclement wea- ther. Populations are down, but con- siderable control will be needed on the 2nd brood. Very little spanworm and spargancthsis were noted. New plantinjs were growing well that were planted in May. OCEAN SPRAY REPORTS EARLY YEAR SALES UP Ocean Spray reports that sales analysis has been completed and sale of consumer sizes, 1-lb and 7- cunce jellied and whole berry sauce for the seven-month period ending May 31, have increased. There was an 8 percent increase in 1962 over IS31; a 235 percent increase over :C:0, 30 percent over 1959 and 72 per- cent increase over 1958. Corporation S3ys these figures seem to indicate t>.ai sHles are trending upward early in the year. Ccoktail sales were even more dramatic, 58 percent gain over 1961, 2:8 over 1960, 68 over 1959 and 175 over 1958. READ CRANBERRIES CRANBERRY PICKING BOXES Shooks. or Nailed Let me repair your broken boxes — or repair them yourself. Stock Always on Hand F. H. COLE Tel. Union 6-3330 North Carver, Mass. Youthful ''Dave'' W. Eldredge Has One Of Biggest Cultural Jobs In Cranberry Industry Is supervisor of famed Atwood Bogs at South Carver, Mass., where there are 205 acres with top production of 16,000 — is a graduate of UMass — was in U.S. Air Force during War. by Clarence J. Hall One of the bigger jobs in the cranberry industry, th'at is speaking culturally, is that of comparitively-youthful David W. Eldredge. He is superivisor for Ellis D. Atwood, Inc., that corporation running the bogs of the late Ellis D. Atwood, South Carver, Mass. He is an Qicean Spray director. These bogs comprise about 205 acres. They are the loication of the famed Edaville narrow-gauge railroad, and have been the scene of almost innumer- able cranberry festivals and other cranberry events. Edaville R. R. is now operated as an entirely separate venture by F. Nelson Blount. The total property consists of about 1800 acres, with the narrow gauge line twisting between the bogs. There are in all 40O acres of reservoir, one about 300 acres in extent, and two smaller ones. Water is pumped into the big reservoir froim the Weweantit River, from which point flooding is by gravity. So'me of the used water can be retained but most lof it is lost back to the river. There are perhaps 100 flumes to take care of on la frost night. There are approximately 35 miles of ditches. All told there are about 18 miles of road on the property, some of this hard-surfaced. Biggest Crop 16,000 Bbl. has for president, LeRoy L. Eld- In 1960 young "Dave" picked the redge, father of "Dave." Mrs. biggest crop to date, over 16,000 barrels. Tliis was harvested on 185 acres. The rest was being held out of production chiefly in a grub flow. The Atwood bogs average labout 10,000 barrels. No new bog has been put in, in recent years and none is immediately planned. The late Mr. Atwood (Cranberries, Sept, 1941) was a third generation grower, following in the footsteps of his father, Stephen Dexter Atwood and ihis grandfather, Luther. The bogs were first set out in about 1880. Mr. Ellis built the bogs from three acres ihe brought from his father to the present 205. These bogs are the biggest acreage in a single area in the industry with the exception of the "big bog" on Nan- tucket Island, Massachusetts, the biggest cranberry bog in the world. Bogs part Of Famed "New Meadows" The bogs are a part of the famed "New Meadows," which conisted of about 500 acres of wild cranberry bog. These wild bogs were valued highly in a much earlier day. Even- tually cultivated bog were made of portions of this at the so-called "New Meadows." "Dave" has been superintendent of the bogs for the past five years. iPrior to the taking over of the Edaville lines by Blount he was with the railroad-^that is when it was owned by Mr. Atwood. The present Atwood Corporation Elthea Atwood, widow of Ellis D. is treasurer and Attorney John R. Quarles of Boston, counsel for Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. is the clerk. "Dave" is the nephew of Mrs. At- wood. The bogs are planted to nearly onebalf Early Blacks and one-half Howes, respectively, but there are a few acres of McFarlins. As the bogs are so large they have all kinds of bottom. "Everything iE3'ira from mud to hard-pan," says David. Harvest By Machine Harvest is now by machine— there used to be enormous crews of band sccopers. The Atwood ccmpany owns 12 Western Pickers, and ten Darl- ingtons. A rather interesting experiment has been going on, on one smiall half acre piece. For the past four years this has been picked dry by a Wisconsin Getsinger harvester. The machine is leased from Raymond F. Morse & Son of West Wareham. "I think this machine handles the berries more gently, "David de- clares," and it is fine for picking for the fresh fruit market." The picking crews are handled by "Dave," "Bill" Young, who now lives on the Atwciod property and Warren Pittsley, formerly of Marion, hut who now lives on the piroperty. The late Mr. Atwoo^d was one of the first to provide model homes for his workers and these smiall houses are strung along Eda Avenue. Eda- ville, as is obvious, gets its name from the initials of Mr. Atwood's name. There is a huge brick screenhouse on the property. Colonial in design. This is of three story, about 200 feet long by 50 feet wide. It is one of the most handsome buildings in the cranberry industry. llerial Spraying and Dusting ais® Fertizing We Specialize In Parathion Applications both Sprays and Dusts AERIAL SPRAYERS, Inc. (FORMERLY MARSHFIELD AIRWAYS, INC.) Marshfield, Mass. Thos. S. Weitbrecht (Whitey) Temple 4-7818 I Showing the handsome brick and landscaped Atwood screenhouse. net, Mass., does the pruning and Atwood formerly screened the At- wood berries there, but this is no longer done, the fruit going to both the packing houses of Ocean Spray at Onset and at Hanson. Dave Does Own Frost Work Dave does his own frost work, assisted by "Bill" Young and Warren Pittsley. These men make up the only year-round crew now on the property with the exception of Ches- ter A. Churcihill, formerly chief of Wareham police, but now retired who comes in for work several days a week as a bookkeeper. The Atwood bogs have a rather elastic sanding iprogram, but there •is one. Most of the sanding is done with V-bottom trailers, with two-yard capacity, pulled by industrial trac- tors equipped with large rubber tires to lessen injury to the vines. "The apparatus doesn't seem to hurt the bogs too much," says Dave. With proper pruning we don't have to sand as often as we used to. Some- times some pieces have not been sanded for eight or nine years, but most pieces of bog get it much oftener. When we can we sand on the ice by trucks." The C. & L. Company of Acush- £ight raking for the Atwood bogs. The bogs are carefully fertihzed as needed. "I think the use of fer- tilizer depends entirely upon the individual bog," says Dave. "V/e fer- tiUze in the fall, also in the spring and in the summer when the bogs are "in the pink" that is in blossom. We use a lot of nitrogen and super- phosphate and not very much pot- ash." "We fertilize by straight- wing planes, a service provided by Ae- rial Spirayers, Inc. of Marshfield. We use la ground fertilizer rig for ground work, this being done also by the C. & L. Company." Weed control is mostly by petro- leum products, kerosene, Stoddard Solvent and in some cases fuel oil. Like every other good growers Dave realizes that timing is very important in weed work. "Timing is half the battle," he says. "You must get the weeds at the right time." For insect work David uses straight-winig airplanes, making good use of parithion. Fungicide work is also by air, with zineb or ferbam being applied, "I think the proper (CRANBERRIES Photo) use of fungicides is vsry important in cranberry work, especially on weaker bogs, that tend to have an inferior quality of fruit." Wafer Management Important W-'er management is another im- portant factor in the Atwood sched- ulo of cranberry cultivation. "I think this is ex'remely imp:rtant," young rlcredge dechres. "I think much harm is done sometimes by ex- cessive water and improper timing of putting it en." "Of course the use cf water is necessary on the nights when there is really a frost coming on. But, I think it is better to lose some sleep and stay up all night if necessary than to use water if it turns out not to have been necessary." says Dave. "Our bogs are rather easily flood- ed. When Mr. Atwood engineered the water c:ntrol he did an excellent job." David Eldredge was born in St. Luke's Hospital at Middleboro, Mass. adjacent to Wareham where his par- ents were living. He was born Au- gust 3, 1925. He spent his early life in Wareham and attended Wareham High School. Before being gi-aduated One of the Atwood Bogs, with a few cars of Edaville R. R. in the background. (CRANBERRIES Photo) ^^; Another section ot bog oi the huge Atwood holding I The late Ellis D. Atwood he went to Worcester Academy, a prep schcol as he was preparing for college. In U.S. Air Force However, the second World War came along and he enhsted in the U. S. Air Force. He was then 17. He served for three years. He had flight training and obtained a pilot's license, for himself. He served at, as he recalls, some 24 different training camps. These included North Carolina, Texas, Wis- consin, New Jersey, Mississippi and Florida; all parts of the country except the Pacific Northwest. "I lived out of a duffle bag for three years, you might say." While in the service he attended Duquesne University in Pittsburgh, Pa. (CRANBERRIES Photo) U. of Mass. Graduate After his stint of service he entered the Unjiversiity cf Massachusetts, attending Stockbridge School of Agriculture. He majored in pomology, or the study of fruit, which he now finds useful in Ms career. He was graduated in 1948. Then he entered work with the Edaville Raih-oad, as previously stated. He was married in January, 1953 to the former Eleanor Favia of West Warehaim. The couple has no children. They make their home in the Pinedale section of Wareham. Dave is a member of bociai Har- mony Lodge, Wareham, A. F. & A. M., the Wayfarers Club of Ware- ham, the Massachusetts Farm Bu- reau and was a former member of Wareham Kiwanis. He is a meonber of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers Association and of the Southeastern Massachusetts Cranberry Club. He religiously attends most of the meetings held, particularly those of cranberry organizations as he feels he can always learn more about cranberry growing. He also attends the Wareham Congregational Church. For hobbies, he says, "My wife and I like to travel that is all we can find time for, but with all the work at the Atwood bogs it is not too easy to get away. The Eldredge's have driven out once to the Wiscon- sin area, but have not as yet been to New Jersey or to the cranberry areas of Washington and Oregon. He was formerly very much inte- rested in camera work and owned several cameras. He believes that the next few years will be critical ones in the cranberry business, a feeling in which he is not alone. "There is much more comp)etion for the consumer's dollar than there used to be. Not only is the grower going to have to com- pete with higher wages and high costs, he is going to compete with keener competition for his product. I am afraid he is going to do this for less net than he has gotten in the past. "I think the grower's only salva- tion is in greater cranberry tonnage per acre. "As things are going a great deal is up the distributors, I don't care whether they are Ocean Spray, to which -the Atwood bogs belong or independents. The distributors have surely to get out and sell more berries if we are to move the in- creasingly large crops we are get- ting. "We have to have more diversified pnxiuots. I think for one thing there should be greater emphasis on the sale of cranberry juice. Sauce seems to be leveling off, but there is a vast potential for the juice." Dave was one of those in favor of the marketing order, saying he thinks it is a needed tool, to be used if necessary in the case of too big crops. "The industry," he concludes "is going through great changes. It is up to to the grower to keep abreast of these changes and to take ad- vantage of every change as it comes The "Big" Atwood Reservoir looks like a lake. (CRANBERRIES Photo) USDA Cranberry Marketing Order Findings Upliold Proponents Industry Receives Federal Register Copies In Late June The recommended decision by the USDA, which in principal approves a nation-wide cranberry marketing order and agreement is contained in a nearly six page report in the Federal Register, and was received by the industry in late June. In gen- eral this nefuted contentions of oppon- ents of the order, and is essentially the same form as the original order which was discussed at the hearings in the four areas. The findings and conclusions, it stated, were based on the evidence of sworn testimony at the hearings. Conclusions and findings were that the trend of cranberry produc- tion is "sharply upward;" that annual production, approaching 1,500,- 000 barrels can reasonably be expect- ed starting with the 1982 crop. Also that the consumption of fresh cran- berries and cranberry products has not kept pace and the production of more cranberries during each recent year than can be marketed in a 12-month period has resulted in a perennial carry-over of frozen berries, and also that if the potential production of cranberries is realized it will be several years, at least, before the surplus problem can be eliminated. Findmg was that no more than a million barrels have been sold in any given year. Conclusion is that the proposed order, with the provision to restrict the marketable supply, when the supply is burdensome "should benefit the industry and returns improved," and therefore a marketing order providing for restrictions on the volume of cranberries marketed is needed to effectuate the declared policy of the act. It was denied that the cranberry marketing committee should be in- creased from the original proposed 7 to 11, as was testimony favoring a provision for non-industry repre- sentative on the committee Csuch as a county agent, or other disin- terested person). It is provided that each of the four areas into which the industry has been divided, (Mass- achusetts, New Jersey, Wisconsin and West Coast areas) shall have one representative and an alternate on the committee. Finding was a two-year term of office is desirable. This would coincide with a referen- dum to continue or not continue the marketing order, every second year, beginning with 1964. A hot point of contention at the hearings by opponents, who were mainly independent handlers and growers was that the "large coopera- tive (Ocean Spray) handling three- fourths of production" should not have four members, and the indepen- dents three as set forth in the original provision. Conclusion was this should not be changed and the district four, (West Coast) should be represented by a cooperative member as at the present time praotically all growers there are affiliated with the cooperative. An oppiosing contention was that all 7 members be required to be a quorum for any action taken. A majority of five was recommended. Provision permitting vote by telephone, telegraph or other means of communication by members was not sustained. The secretary of agriculture selects the commiititee from nomtniations made by growers or appropriate groups. Committee must be made up of growers, or their employees, agents, representatives. Committee members are unpaid, but may incur necessary expenses which are paid by the handlers, or distributors and then re-assured back to growers. Report says there is a definite need in the order for tiie cranberry industry to expand cranberry mar- kets and to provide for research. Cranberries (restricted) are to be disposed of only in such onanner as is non-ccmipetitive with the free market cranberries. It held that inspection and certification of all cranberries witliheld is essential to provide evidence of compliance with the regulations. Report rejected a provision in the original draft that there be restrictions for particular igrades, sizes or quality of cran- berries. Testimony was held to be insufficient on this point. A contention in a brief that more money is returned to a grower when more cranberries are sold in a given year was held to be mvalid. Rejected also was a provision that any handler having an inventory of cranberries, includmg all processed berry products, at the start of any fiscal period be required to with- hold from handling a quantity of fresh cranberries equivalent to that in inventoi-y. This was aimed mainly at Ocean Spray by independents. Report said there was no evidence in the record to indicate how much such a requirement could be effectively applied. There is provision in the order for handlers who may dispose of their free percentage to obtain more ber- ries from the restricted portion of the crop. The committee determines the price at which these berries may be obtained. The report says all objections of opponents were carefully considered. It said the successful operation of such a program depends upon the degree of comphance with the pro- visions. The declared policy of the act is to establish and mamtain such order- ly marketing conditions ior cran- berries, as will tend to estabhsh parity prices (which the industry has not been obtaining) and be in the pubhc interest, the finding states. Expceptions to these findings were filed by anyone dissenting not later than July 5, after which the USDA was to analyse these and then, if the order is finally approved, there will be the referendum by growers, expected the week of July 23. Those filing were: Walter Case, Case Cranberry Company, Tomah, Wisconsin; Lav/rence Williams, West Harwich, Mass.; Union Cranberry Company, Warrens, Wisconsin by Frec'.erick W. Barber; Thiele Cran- berry Ccmpany, Wisconsin Rapids, Wise, by Mrs. W. F. Thiele and Arthur Cote; Eric H. Huikari, Jumbo Cranberry Sales, Middleboro, Mass.; Cranberry Products, Eagle River, Wise, by Vernon Goldsworthy; Indian Trail, Inc. Wisconsin Rapids, vVisc. by Ben Pannkuk, president; Blair L. Perry, representing Decas Bros. Cranberry Company and Decas Bros. Sales Company of Wareham, Mass.; and Peter A. LeSage, domg business as PALS Cranberries, Ply- mouth, Mass. and John J. Beaton Company, Wareham Mass. ilso by Ray W. Bates, Bandon, Ore.; James Olson, Ray E. Bates and William Diafort, Bandon, a com- mittee appointed to represent 130 growers who farm approximately 600 acres of bog in Oregon, Frank O. Glenn, Jr. Long Beach, Washing- ton; and John R. Quarles and George T. Finnigan, attorneys for Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. These latter were in support of the order, gener- ally on the basis that the order would stabilize the industry, create orderly marketing conditions and thereby benefit the grower, handler and con- TURKEY GROWERS TURN DOWN ORDER Turkey growers in a nationwide referendum turned down a marketing order. The vote, announced June 29 was that 56 percent of those voting, out of a total of 7,188 were not in favor. The turkey proposal was to curb production and not market as in the cranberry order. QUALITY-CONVENIENCE-SERVICE You get all three when you use grower-approved Niagara pesticides to protect your crop. * QUALITY — The same high quality you associate with Niagara Carba- mate is typical of all Niagara foraiulations. Strict quality control means you can depend on Niagara pesticides for trouble-free application and outstanding results. * CONVENIENCE — Niagara'.s production facilities at Ayer, Massachusetts, mean pesticides reach you when you need them. No time-consuming, cost- ly delays. * SERVICE — Niagara is interested in your success. Your trained Niagara fieldman is as close as your telephone. A complete line of Niagara insecticides, fungicides and herbicides are available at: R. F. MORSE & SON, INC. CRANBERRY HIGHWAY West Wareham, Massachusetts CY 5-1553 Twelve Growers Vote On Marketing Order Mj 22-29 Secretary of Agriculture Has Mpfdo Finalized Decision With Provisions For Referendum The Assistant Secretary of Agricul- ture h£is signed the provisions of the proposed cranberry marketing order, reports, as this issue is going to press. The cranberry growers of the country are voting individually in the referendum, for, or against the proposal, the voting being July 22 to July 28. Ballots were to be pasimsrked not later than the 28th. The USDA count was expected the first part of August. The decision was printed in the Fednal Register, dated July 18. Exceptions to the recommended decisions by the USDA appearing in the Federal Register, issue of June 2Cth, have been filed, the expiration r^tD fnr this hiaving been July 5. Thrr-^ followed the period for analy- ses cf these exceptions by the USDA officials and the program has now tee-' finalized. A ballots has oeen mailed to every known cranberry grower in the U. S. It is understood it consits of the final- 1 ized recommendation on which theB vote is taken, together with a sum- mary, and the ballot itself, by which the grower will make known whether cr not he wants the order. The grower will be asked to give his production for the past two years. This is a vote in which at least two thirds of growers voting in the referendum, either by number or by volume of production, must ap- prove the order for it to become effective. Proponents of the order admit the thne element for all the following important steps — if the vote is a favorable one — is critically short before harvest. A major step fol- lowing a favorable vote is the nom- ination of the Marketing Committee cf 7, which would draw up the vital regulations of the order, including the all-important "set-aside" of the surplus (if any) portion of the 1962 crop. Each member must also have an alternate chosen. The committee is to be made up of four representing the "big cooper- ative (Ocean Spray) as recommended in the June 20 decision — in spite of strong opposition from independent distributors; one to represent the West Coast as an extremely large part of the growers there sell through Ocean Spray; Three are to repre- sent the independents, one each from the Massachusetts district, the New Jersey and the Wisconsin dis- tricts with an alternate. This committee with its equal number of alternates must somehow be selected by the industry, those itnominated must accept, and then Iselections from as many nominess HAIL IS ON THE WAY WATCH OUT, MR. GROWER PROTECT YOUR PRODUCTION COSTS Our new policy protects the berries and vines against hail and fire from the time the water is off in the Spring until after harvest. Stop worrying "^ buy Hail Insurance CRANBERRY RATES ARE LOW For further information write or call : Alvin R. Reid Maim Street, Hanson, Mass. Cypress 3-6336 Cypress 3-6441 as may be made, determined by the Secretary of Agriculture. Then the approved committee must meet, organize, name a chair- man and draw up regulations, and at .'^cme point determine the number of barrels to be set aside from all known distribotors, if a surplus seems indicated. From these regulations, or "from other sources of available informa- tion that will tend to effectuate the declared policy of the act," the Secretary makes his decisions as to the administration of the marketing order and agreements. The key of the order is the "set- aside" provision, that is what, if any part lOf production in a given year will be declared surplus by the committee of 7. As, it is expected to have the order in effect this year — provided the vote is favor- able — the size of this year's crop enters in. While there has been no official estimate, (the first will be that of the U. S. Crop Reporting Service to be released August 21), it seems the concensus of best educated estimates that it will be a large one. The Institute is mailing out a letter to growers in Massachusetts and other areas that it now antici- pates a total production of at least one million, 500 thousand barrels. This would include a carry-over. The most barrels the cranberry industry has ever sold, or the most best in- formed authorities believe the indus- try can sell at present is a million or a million and one hundred thousand barrels. Amount above that, in a FOR BETTER PEST CONTROL Use these reliable GENERArCHEMICAL products: DDT Malathion Parathion Ferbam Zineb GENERAL CHEMICAL DIVISION 40 Rector Street, New York 6, N. Y. Thirteen given crop would be the "set-aside" surplus. A crop of the proportion now indicated by the Institute and some others, would be just the sort of crop, proponents of the order say it is designed for, to promote an order- ly market and prevent "chaotic" prices. The crop of last year totalled 1,223,400, in spite of the short Mass- achusetts production. Opening price was $16. The marketing committee serves without salary, but may incure neces- sary expenses, such as travel. No government subsidy to grow- ers, price support, or limit on pro- duction or acreages are involved. Institute Letter The full text of the letter sent to growers by the Cranberry Institute on July 17, regarding the marketing order follows: To: CRANBERRY GROWERS The cranberry industry soon will be faced with the decision (by a referendum of growers) to adopt or not a Marketing Order Program for cranberries. An effort to come to grips with the serious supply and market problem facing the industry motivated the Cranberry Institute to petition the U. S. Department of Agriculture for this program — with cranberry growers to be the final judges as to its value. That the industry has been divided in its support of the proposed pro- gram is, of course, well known. Much has been said and printed concemhig the advantages and dis- advantages. "CRANBERRY MAGA- ZINE" has had several articles covering the subect The pros and cons have been fairly presented. Free copies of the Magazine are available upon request. Present indications are for a marketable supply of at least 1,500,000 barrels of cranberries, (carry-over plus new crop). The cranberry industry must de- cide how to meet and overcome the obstacles involved in the disposi- tion of such a supply. You have the opportunity to deter- mine whether or not the mechanism and operation of a Marketing Order will help achieve more orderly marketing and better returns. On July 23-24 you will receive from U. S. Department of Agriculture a ballot, which includes a summary of the terms and conditions of the proposed order. You fill out your ballot, then indicate your produc- tion for the years 1960 and 1961. Sign your name and send the com- pleted ballot back to the address indicated by July 28. Sincerely, yours Orrin G. CoUey President ''Independent Letter Urges A ''No" Vote A strong letter to growers, under date of July 18 was sent out by an independent group, urging a vote against the marketing order. Signers were John C. Decas, Decas Cran- berry Company, Inc., Wareham, Mass.; Peter A. LeSage, Pals Cran- berries, Plymouth, Malss.; Ben Pannkuk, Indian Trail, Inc., Wiscon- sin Rapids, Wisconsin; Tony Briggs, Beaton's Cranberry Oooperat|ion, Wareham and Walter Z. Fort, Cran- berry Growers, Pemberton, New Jersey. It referred to the fact the order is not a government subsidy program and that the cost would be biOrn by the growers, and said the order does no' provide for any guaranteed rrices or returns. It said the cran- ] erry marketing order, if voted in, v.:uld be the first nationwide market- ing order. It referred to the recent defeat cf a proposed turkey market- ing order by turkey growers. It .':ti!:ed in the opinion of the writers, resale value of bogs would fall tremendously; that growers would fertilize more heavilly under the "set-aside" provision and this could re~ult in poorer quality berries. It refcurred to the present "diffi- culties" of the USDA, and concluded "it does not make sense that we should pay Secretary Freeman to sit in Washington and tell us how to run our business — at our expense." SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES The Packer Discusses The Marketing Order A recent issue of "The Packer," discussing the cranberry marketmg order under a Washington dateline said, in part, "The marketing agree- ment and order technique had fallen into sorry ways when it was spon- sored by the former Assistant Secre- tary of Agriculture James T. Ralph, but this (cranberry) industry request must not be associated with the bad publicity which other ventures into this field have encountered. Marketing agreements and orders have been eminently successful in the past when they have been used in coimpact, cohesive industry condi- tions which are found in the cran- berry industry. Problems for each of the four major producting regions are comparable and marketing pro- blems are similiar to all. The crop is relatively small and seasonal marketing peaks are common. It is understood that this request for use of the marketing agreement and orders should be construed as a safety measure to be used if the industry finds it urgently needed . . . (^cernment administration of a cranberry marketing agreement and order present a minimum of com- plications and government inter- Good Response To Life Cranberry Advertisement Ocean Spray officials have reported excellent response to a full-page color ad in Life magazine June 29. Response was from large chain stores and others, who handle cranberries. FARMERS PRODUCTION CREDIT ASSOCIATION FEDERAL LAND BANK ASSOCIATION TAUNTON, MASS Box 7 Office Rt. 44 Raynham WARREN R. ARNOLD Manager Kenneth J. Kcchefort is shown in the laboratory isolation booth. Sign on door says, "Caution, Radiation Area." tended New Bedford High School, taking a general college course. He then entered Bridgewater State College, where he majored in Eng- lish, also taking secondary educa- tion, remaining one year. New Zuckerman Lab Assistant ''Ken'' Rochefort "I like the work and am very happy here, says Kenneth J. Roche- fort, new assistant to Dr. Bert M. Zuckerman, pathologist at the Mass- achusetts Cranberry Experiment Station, East Wareham. In addition to work on fungicide and disease control, much of 'his work is con- cerned with, the intensive study which Dr. Zuckerman is making in nematode research. "Ken" was born in New Bedford February 3, 1939 and his home is there at 163 Mt. Pleasant. He at- After that he worked at Farr Industries, Inc. in New Bedford and later at Aerovx corporation, also in New Bedford. While he was in high school he was in the naval reserves, end after high school served in the U.S. Navy as seaman apprentice for a year. He was stationed at Brook- lyn, N. Y. His hobby is collecting antique musical instruments. He has also studied and plays the piano. He is spending the summer at White Is- land Pond, near the State Bog. Cape Meeting •' Set For All-Day August 21 Directors of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers Association have set the date for the annual meeting of that body as Tuesday, August 21, starting at 10 a.m. This will be an all-day affair as usual, and is a chief event m Massachusetts cranberry growing. ' Scheduled are tours of the State Bog, at East Wareham, where the athering will be held, and a chicken and cranberry barbecue served. There will be the usual business meeting and election of officers. Philip H. Gibbs of South Carver, president, will preside and presum- ably be re-elected as he has served only one year. Dr. C. E. Cross, Station director will lead a series of techinical talks by the research staff. The principal speaker will be Dr. Arless spielman of the College of Agriculture, UMass. The eagerly-awaited event of the day is the first official release of the ipreliminary 1962 cranberry fore- cast, this year for the first time by Statistician Peterson. He succeeded retired Statistician C. D. Stevens, who with only one or two exceptions has given this release for many, many years. There will also be an exhibtion of cranberry machinery by various manufacturers and suppliers. Ocean Spray Hanson Plant Workers Vote To Join Teamsters A labor union election held June 28 at the Hanson, Mass. plant of Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc., to deter- mine if the plant workers wanted the Teamsters Union to represent them in bargaining with management gave a favorable vote to join. The employes had petitioned the National Labor Relations Board at Boston for such an election. The vote was more than the required 50 percent. President George C. P. Olsson said that as far as he understood, that for the present, at least this did not include Onset or other Ocean Spray plants. There were 28 such employes involved. Fifteen Bog Plane Crash Fatal In Mass. A fatality in air fungicide control of a Massachusetts cranberry bog cccured at Wareham, July 6. The 'accident happened near the Bangs bag of the J. J. Beaton C€mipany, north of Route 28, A Piper Super Cub, owned by Aerial Sprayers, Inc. of Marslifield, was involved. Pilot was Laurent Coumoyer 38, of Acush- net. Details of the accident were not known as no one apparently was in the area and saw it take place. Coumoyer had taken off from the VVankinco airstrip of the A. D. Make- peace Frogfoot bog in Carver, where materials had been loaded. Wareham Chief of Police theorized that the pilot may have run out of gas, or the wing of his plane hit a tree top as he was making a zoom turn to make another pass over the bog. The bog showed the fungicide had covered all the bog but a quarter section, and this may have been the last pass he intended to make. Acci- dent was believed to have happened about dusk, but plane and body were not found until 5 a.m. next morning by a helicopter from the Marshfield airway. Death was duo to a crushed ohest and the plane was badly damaged. There are believed to have been only two or three fatalities in Mass- achusetts bog spraying and dusting in spite of the vast amount which has been done. Ocean Spray Meet August 22 The annual meeting of Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. is to be held at the Hanson plant, Hanson, Mass., Wed- nesday, August 22, starting at 10 a.m. At this meeting it will be re- commended to stockholders that the annual meeting shall be the second Wednesday in January. It is pointed cut that the fiscal INDIAN TRAIL, inc. WORKING— MERCHANDIZING— SELLING WISCONSIN-GROWN CRANBERRIES 12 Months of the Year Moving FRESH — FROZEN— — CANNED & JUICE — Striving always to move TOP-QUAL- ITY products at TOP PRICES for bet- ter returns to WISCONSIN Growers. P. 0. BOX 710, WIS. RAPIDS, WIS. year has been changed from May 31 to August 31. At an annual meeting in January it would be possible to report the facts of the fall harvest, the size of the pool, and sales of both fresh and processed goods during the important hohday season. NOMINEES NAMED FOR OCEAN SPRAY D^ECTORS ELECTION Results cf area balloting for board of directors cf Ocean Spray, to be presented at the annual meeting in August are: Massachusetts; Victor F. Adams, Barnstable, (new); Frank P. Gran- don, Acushnet; William E. Crowell, Dennis, David W. Eldredge, Ware- ham; Carroll D. Griffith, South Carver; Richard A. Heleen, Middle- bcro; Russell Makepeace, Marion; George C. P. Olsson. Plymouth; Alvin R. Reid, Hanson; Chester W. Robbins, Onset; Miss Ellen Stillman, Hanson. New Jersey; John E. Cutts, Chats- worth; Thomas B. Darlington, Whitesbog; William S. Haines, Chatsworth'. Washmgbon - Oregon, Ncrman T. Brateng, James Olson, David F. Pryde. Wisconsin, A. E. Bark (new), Donald S. Duckart, Lester Gordon, Tony Jonjak, Ger- ald M. Potter. Ocean Spray To Extend Ads The advertising agency, McCann- Erickson of New York, chosen by Ocean Spray has presented a mar- ket survey in depth, revealing why home managers use, or do not use Ocean Spray canned sauce. The agency classified users as to heavy, I light or non-users. 1 Of special interest is the group of I light or non-users, and it is to this : grcup that Ocean Spray advertising should be directed. Based on this research the cooperative has been presented ads to start in the fall, in women's magazine in full pages in full color. The agency believes there is much opportunity to promote cran- berry sauce with other products than poultry. This would include sauce with scrambled eggs, ice cream as a topping, in salads and pancakes. The proposed cmnpaign will run with consistency around the calendar. NOW use INSECTICIDE to control cranberry insects BVf, effective and safer-to-use SEVIN secticide is ideal for control of major insect sts that attack cranberries. Use SEVIN in e late blossom period and again whenever sects attack. SEVIN destroys cutworms, fire- )rms, fruitworms, Japanese beetles and leaf- •ppers, including the leafhoppers that spread Ise blossom disease. le long-lasting residue of SEVIN assures ntinuing kill of insects between apphcations. aidrh. oi union Carbide Corporation. Even in the hottest weather, SEVIN residues provide long-lasting results. Safer-to-use than many insecticides, SEVIN is low in toxicity to humans, livestock and fish. Spray or dust operators, using SEVIN, do not require special protective clothing. They only need to observe simple precautions. Workers can return to the bogs soon after application. SEVIN is effective in concentrate or dilute sprays and dusts. , will pay you to use SEVIN this year. Ask your ^^pplier for SEVIN now. Or write Union Carbide hemicals Company, Division of Union Carbide irporation, 270 Park Avenue, New York 17, N. Y. AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS fidJf^al^ ISSUE OF JULY 1962 VOL. 27 - NO. 3 . . — . , — . — , — „_„. ..__.4 IT'S VOTING TIME All known cranberry growers in the United States are receiving ballots and voting individually in the referendum to determine if the industry wants or does not want a cranberry marketing order and agreements, as this issue goes to press. It is expected that if the vote is favorable, either by number voting or by production, the decision will be in time to be put in effect this year. If the growers turn thumbs down, the coming crop will have to be handled with all "free" berries, as in the past. We believe sincere and honest opin- ions have been expressed by both propon- ents and opponents. These opinions have clashed head on. CRANBERRIES in the past several months has tried to give space to the expressions of views by both "sides." The Cranberry Institute, representing both Ocean Spray and most independent dis- tributors has fulfilled its obligation to the industry in bringing the matter to a vote. Now, the growers make the decision. OCEAN SPRAY SALES IMPROVE It is encouraging to note that sales of canned cranberry production and of cock- tail by Ocean Spray are reported as some- what increased for the first part of the year, which is the dull season for cran- berry sales. With Ocean Spray handling such a large proportion of the total crop, what Ocean Spray does marketwise is of vital moment to the industry as a whole. EUROPEAN OUTLOOK ENCOURAGING Also encouraging is the report of the second unit of cranberry growers, under the sponsorship of the Cranberry Institute and the Marketing Service of the USDA to visit Europe. "Ben" Pannkuk, a vice president of the Institute and president of Indian Trail, Inc., independent distributor of fresh and processed cranberries, and "Markie" Urann, secretary and treasurer of the Institute and president of the big United Cape Cod Cranberry Company and a director of Ocean Spray visited Ireland and England. Although present consumption of CLARENCE J. HALL Editor and Publisher EDITH S. HALL— Associate Editor Wareham, Massachusetts SUBSCRIPTIONS, $3.50 Per Year, FOREIGN, $4.50 CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin LEO A. SORENSON Cranberry Consultant Wisconsin Rapids Wisconsin Dr. Washington CHARLES C. DOUGHTY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. Oregon GRANT SCOTT Coquille, Ore. Massachusetts Dr. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. New Jersey P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey American cranberries in Western Europe is small, they feel the potential is great. This bears out the report of the pioneering cranberrymen, Orrin G. Colley, president of the Institute and Bert Leasure of Wis- consin, then Ocean Spray vice president. A substantial European market for cranberries would obviously, be a big help in the surplus problem. It is expected a third trip will be made to England this fall, in the interests of fresh fruit. Nineteen SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS Dryness Endangers Mass. Prospects Of 750,000 Barrels That Estimate by Dr. C. E. Cross Made On July 18 A tentative estimate of the Mass- achusetts crop was made by Dr. C. E. Cross, director of Massachu- setts Cranberry Station on July 18. He thought the crop may go to 750,000 barrels. But he qualified this by saying that at that moment the bogs were m a drought condition and much depended upon immediate rains. The dryness came at the most critical time of the set, follow- ing an unusually heavy bloom. Most maz^ginal bogs, which have not been bearing much, had their best blooms ever reported. Spring frost damage was relatively light, there was practically no hail loss to that date, insect infestations were light and successfully combat- ed. Massachusetts light crop last year was 490,000 barrels, the latest ten- year average being 559,400. Unofficial reports in Massachusetts from other states indicated another 700,000 barrels at that time. All these estimates are subject to weather, conditions, and other factors, such as hail or early fall frosts, between now and harvest time. EUROPEAN COMMON MARKET Referring to the European Com- mon Market, Carleton I. Pickett ex- ecutive secretary of Massachusetts Farm Bureau Federation wrote: "The export of processed food is nothing new. Old Yankee traders carried the first canned goods from here to all parts of the world. We haven't begun yet to realize all we can do in that field. "Our apple growers have met with some success and are pressing tlieir advantages. Beginnings have been made by the cranberry producers. And most lately we have some promising dickering going on con- cerning our maple syrup and pro- ducts. "The intelligent farmer today is not just a producer. He is a busi- nessman who watches fcr opportuni- ties and when he doesn't see any he goes out and makes them." JULY WISCONSIN MEETINGS FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS A series of regional get-together meetings to discuss informally some of the problems of the industry ad- vances in research and other mat- ters were set up for fo'ur counties in Wisconsin, Extension Specialist Dr. G. C. Klingbeil, announced. All grow- ers were invited to attend, and .speakers present at all or most of the meetings were Dr. Malccm Dana, weeds; Dr. Donald Boone, fungicides; Dr. "John" Libby, insects and Prof. Klingbeil, general culture. Meetings were set for July 10, Wis- consin Rapids area, Winnebago Marsh, "Ben" Pannkuk; July 11, Manitowish Waters, "Herb" Inder- muehl's Marsh; July 12, Spooner Badger Marsh, "Chuck" Lewis and July 13, Warrens, "Ben" Potter Marsh. Advertise In Cranberries WSSCONSiN HEgOQUARTERS FOR INSECTICIDES — FUNGICIDES HERBICIDES DUSTS — WETTABLE POWDERS — EMULSIONS PARATHION — MALTHION FERBAM — SIMAZINE DITHANE M - 22 (Maneb) WEED RHAP 20 Hopkins Agricultural Chemical Co. p. O. BOX 584 MADISON, WISCONSIN Phone ALpine 7-1019 HUME PRODUCTS CORPORATION Designers and manufacturers of •DEGRASSERS machinery for the cranberry industry •DRYERS • CONVEYORS SERVICES AVAILABLE TO WISCONSIN GROWERS: Steel stock from our warehouse Engineering services Complete machine shop service U^ For information, write; HUME PRODUCTS CORPORATION Eagle River, Wisconsin SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS OR SALE SEARLES JUMBO HOWES, McFARLIN Vines for delivery in 1SS2 $125,00 Ton F.O.B- iNTERESTED IN PURCHASING WISCONSIN CRANBERRY PROPERTIES Vernon Goldsworthy B.S. & M.S. University of Wisconsin Cranberry Consultant Fees Reasonable EAGLE RIVER WISCONSIN OUR PRODOCTS DANA MACHIME& SUPPLY Co, Wis. Rapids Wis. MFSS. of: SPRAY BOOMS GRASS CLIPPERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS G«tsinger Retracto tooth pickers Dryers DISTR. of: VEE BELTS & PULLEYS ROLLER CHAINS SPROCKETS & BEARINGS CONVEYOR BELTING STEEL implete line of Sprinkler Irriga- fc" Frost and Drought Protec- Can or Will Help Finance FRANKES IRR!€ATtON 523 Post Rd., (Hy. 51 So.) Steve.is Point, Wisconsin Strained Cranberry Sauce Whole Cranberry Sauce ( ransweets Diced Cransweets Cranberry Apple Sauce Cranberry-Strawberry Preserves ( ran berry -Cherry Preserves C'ranberry-i^neapple Preserves Cranberry-Raspberry Preserves Lranberry-Rhubarb Preserves Cranberry-Gooseberry Preserves Sliced and Whole JMa Consumer Size & Bu Spiced Cranberries Cranberry Chilli Sauce Cranberry iJar-B-Q Sauce Cranberry Orange Relish Cranberry Vinegar Cranberry Juice Cran-Beri Cran-Vari Cran-Puri Cranberry Puree Cran-Bake raschino Cranberries Ik Fresii Cranberries Cranberry Produots, ioc, EAGLE RIVER, WISCONSIN CORROSATEI CULVEil PIP and FLOW GATES FelksrBros, ifg-Co. PbG.- 230 - 231 WSSCONSiN ere ysing more Signatare Fertiiizar year after year • Pelletized • Homogeneous • Dustless • Free-Flowing • 50 lb. Bags E. mm a sons mimim m. YOU Are reading this ad. Others will read yours in CRANBERRIES Maj^azine Still Going Strong ! OCEAN SPRAY'S BIG CHICKEN AND CRANBERRY PROMOTION IN TV "TONIGHT" "TODAY" NBC SHOWS PRINT - COLOR PAGES, SPREADS IN LIFE AND McCALL'S RVING A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY APE COD iEW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON CANADA PAUL MORSE Uses Two-Way Radio for Aeria! Application of Insecticide^ Fertilizers. (CRANBERRIES PI 35 Cents AUGUST 1962 DIRECTORY For CRANBERRY GROWERS Wdrcester Paper Box Corporation MEDFORD, MASS. Tel. MYstic 8-5305 Manufacturers of Folding Cartons and Displays WATER WHITE KEROSENE For use on Cranberry Bogs Also STODDARD SOLVENT Prompt Delivery Service Franconia Coal Co. — Inc. — Wareham, Mass. Tel. CY 5-0039 PREFABRICATED FLUMES Straightline Pumps Sog Railroads For Rent CONSULTANT On Water Problems RUSSELL A. TRUFANT North Carver, Mass. Tel. UNion 6-C696 Wareham Savings Bank WAREHAM and FALMOUTH Savings Accounts Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent Phone CYpress 5-3800 Kimball 8-3000 I The I iCHARLES W. HARRIS I Company I 451 Old Somerset Ave. I North Dighton, Mass. I AMES I I Irrigation Systems i I Sprinklers 1 I Weed killers B Insecticides s Fungicides = from I Kiekens - Duster and Sprayers ? The National Bank of Wareham Conveniently located for Cranberry Men Funds always available for sound loans Complete Banking Service Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. EQUIPMENT HAYDEN - SEPARATOR - WAREHAM, MASS. Irrigation Systems PUMPS SEPARATORS - BLOWERS SCREENHOUSE EQUiPMEMT DARLINGTON PICKING MACHINES Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK ALFRED PAPPI At Screenhouses, Bocs cuid Pumps Means Satisfactien WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. CY 5-2000 SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES Market Order Voted In By More Than 70 Percent Next Step Is Naming Of 7-Man Committee With the announcement August 3 by the United States Department of Agriculture that cranberry growers of the nation had approved a market- ing order and companion marketing agreements had been signed 'by handlers and canners, steps to get the order into effect for this Fall were begun. Of first importance was the nominating of the marketing committee of 7, each with an alter- nate to draw up regulations to be approved by the Secretary of Agri- culture to effectuate the program, which is designed to help stabilize prices and supplies of cranberries, chiefly through the "set-aside" regu- lation for berries (if any) which are deemed to be surplus. The purpose of marketing order and agreements is to improve re- turns to growers through orderly marketing. In the referendum, the USDA an- nounced, the growers had voted by more than 70 percent both by num- ber and volume, in favor, actual vote being 700 for and 279 against. The referendum, held July 22 to 28, by mail to every known cranberry grower in the country, to have the order adopted had to be a favorable vote of at least two-thirds or 66 % percent of growers voting, either by number or volume of production. The vote was said by USiDA to rep- resent more than 88 percent of eli- gible voters. Orrin G. Colley, president of Cran- berry Institute which petitioned the USDA that the proposal be put to a vote, said the Institute had provided a list of approximately 1600, the most up-to-date compilation possible, even though it was suspected the list might contain the names of some growers deceased or no longer grow- ing cranberries. In balloting the grower was required to give not only his name but his acreage and pro- duction for 1960 and 1961, which would eliminate any who were not currently growers. Mr. Colley said he did not know how many ballots were sent out by the USDA, or from what lists it might have. It is pre- sumed that some growers did not avail themselves of the right to ballot, as in the case of government elections some voters do not go to the polls. There are some 40 marketing or- ders in effect for other fruits and vegetables, however, this is under- stood to be the first order affecting growers from coast to coast. Others are regional, with one exception. There is an order for growers of apricots which affects that entire industry, but this is confined to a small area in the Southwest. The first nationwide would have been a pro- posed order for turkey growers, but this was not voted in by the growers, a few weeks ago. The cranberry order takes in four districts. Massachusetts, with Rhode Island and Connecticut, with a few bogs in the latter two states; New Jersey with New York, where there are a few bogs on Long Island; Wis- consin, with a bog or two in Michi- gan and Minnesota, and the West Coast, Oregon and Washington. The order had been strongly op- posed by most independent handlers and growers, at the hearing last March and April, and in filing briefs with the USDA in opposition. It was largely supported by members of Ocean Spray at the hearings, and that cooperative which has had about 80 percent of production filed a favoring brief. This is not a government subsidy program as all industry costs are borne by growers, the costs of in- dustry administration being assessed against the handlers in proportion to the number of barrels they handle, and then they, in turn assess their patron growers. If the committee of 7 finds there is a surplus and the secretary ap- proves, this amount is determined and declared "restricted berries." These berries are not to compete in the normal channels of cranberry commerce with the portion declared as "free berries." The portion classi- fied as "restricted," could, it is un- derstood, be used for purposes such as research, development of a foreign market, relief foods, or any other purpose not competing with the 'free" berries, or merely not sold. A handler, if he finds he can sell more berries in the normal channels, may obtain them from the "restrict- ed" pool of another handler. This all important committee of 7, with an equal number of alternates is made up of four from "the big cooperative" (Ocean Spray), one of ;he four to also represent the West Coast, where there is all but a 100 percent membership in Ocean Spray, and three "independents," with al- ternates from Massachusetts, New Jersey and Wisconsin. Members are elected for two years and they serve without pay, but may incur such ex- penses as are found necessary and approved by the Secretary. From the nominations submitted by the industry the Secretary names the committee of seven and the alternates. Members must be grow- ers, or employes of growers This committee when formed will meet and organize and name a chair- man, and draw up the necessary regulations. A majority of five is required for action. Concurrent with the voting on the marketing order, handlers and can- ners were given papers of market- ing agreements to be signed, these being contingent on the grower vote, which was the key to the whole proposition. This required agreement of handlers and canners of at least 50 percent by volume. Ocean Spray has much more than the necessary 50 percent volume and did sign. Cape Cod Cranberry Cooperative, Inc., in- dependent, has signed and some others were expected to. Independent handlers include in Massachusetts, (with Beaton Distrib- uting Agency not active), Decas Bros, of Wareham, with volmne of from 50,000 to 70,000 barrels; Peter A. LeSage, doing business as Pals Cranberries, from Plymouth, about 30-35,000 barrels; Cape Cod Cran- berry Cooperative, Inc., a relatively small handler and Eric H. Huikari, Carver, Jumbo Cranberry Sales Com- pany, also relatively small. In New Jersey, Cranberry Grow- ers Company, the only remaining unit of the former American Cran- berry Exchange, Vinton N. Thomp- son, who handled his own berries and Morris April Brothers; and in Wisconsin Indian Trail, Inc. of Wis- consin Rapids, a rather large unit TAKE ADVANTAGE of the BETTER things of life. The efficient USE OF ELECTRICITY is one of these better things — efficient use in power for cran- berry bog operations, and in the home. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM CYpress 5-0200 PLYMOUTH Pilgrim 6-1300 SHARON BOX COMPANY, INC. ESTABLISHED 185r, SHARON, MASSACHUSETTS We Will Buy Your White Pine Logs, Either Standing or Cut • Highest Prices Paid • Sawmill located at North Carver, Mass. Office Phones: Sharon, SU 4-2011 Carver. UN 6-2234 If You Want A Good Flume At A Low Cost Use AlFHeart Redwood 60,000 Ft. on hand for Prompt Delivery 6x8 — 6x6 — 4x6 — 4x4 Planking - Square Edged or Matched 2x6 — 2x8 2x10 2x12 SEND FOR YOUR FREE FOLDER ON THE "DURABILITY OF REDWOOD" E. W. Goodhue Lumber Co,, Inc. MIDDLEBORO ROAD EAST FREETOWN, MASS Phones Rockwell 3-8811 — Middleboro 1275 Hold full flavor in your cranberry pack %J^* CORN PRODUCTS COMPANY Manufacturers of fine products for the food industry . . . and popular Best Foods Division grocery hrayids for the consumer. and Cranberry Products, Inc., of Eagle River, Vernon Goldsworthy, president, about 40,000 barrels. The order was issued by the USDA August 13th to become effective Au- gust 15th, with nominations on the committee to be submitted to the Secretary not later than August 23th. Ocean Spray has nominated: from Massachusetts, George C. P. Olsson, president; and Chester W. Robbins of Onset, coorporation treasurer, and Maurice Makepeace, Marion and Wil- liam E. Crowell, Dennis; Wisconsin, principals Ray Habelman, Tomah and Clarence Searles, Wisconsin Rapids; alternates, Bert J. Leasure, Manitowish Waters and Miss Jean Nash, Wisconsin Rapids; New Jersey, Edward V. Lipman, New Brunswick, Milton Reeves, New Lisbon; alter- nates, Joseph Palmer, Tuckerton and Theodore Budd, Pembertcn. This list is made up of all growers, nomi- nated from the West Coast have been: Frank O. Glenn, Long Beach, Washington; Robert Quinbey, Gray- land, Washington, principals and John O'Hagan, Grayland and Ray Bates, Bandon, Oregon. These are all growers. "Independents" or those not affili- ated with Ocean Spray have in some instances sent in individual nominees and alternates. There is understood to be a very considerable total of names for consideration by the Sec- retary of Agriculture. CoUey, who is president of the Cape Cod Cooperative and a grower, and who had been suggested as a Massachusetts nominee said he would prefer not to and would not be a candidate or a member of the com- mittee. Big Beaton Bogs In Mass. Go To Ocean Spray Beaton Distributing Agen- cy, thus no longer active — proposed new Wareham In- dependent Cannery out. Three other major announcements within the cranberry industry, other than the favorable vote for a cran- berry marketing order by the grow- ers have occurred. First there is the joining with Ocean Spray Cranber- ries, Inc. of the large Beaton cran- berry growing interests. Second is the fact that the Beaten Distributing Agency, the large Massachusetts in- dependent cranberry selling agency, will not handle any berries. Third, is an announcement that the proposed independent canning plant operation in the Beaton Company warehouse and packing plant at South Ware- ham definitely will not be carried through. (Continued on Page 4) Mass. Cranberry Station aod Field lotes by J. RICHARD BEATTIE Extension Cranberry Specialist The writer would like to take this opportunity to express his sincere appreciation for the good wishes ex- tended by his friends as he completes his work at the station and begins his new responsibilities in Amherst. He has thoroughly enjoyed his as- sociation with the cranberry industry and is most appreciative for the fine cooperation that he has received from growers, handlers, and associ- ates. The September issue of Cran- berries will include his last regular article — a venture which began in December, 1947, and has continued without interruption to date. The splendid cooperation and words of encouragement over the years of Editor "Josh" Hall are gratefully acknowlediged at this time. Personals Dr. Bert Zuckerman and Dr. Sa- tendra Khera have returned from the Nematode Seminar held at Cor- nell University in July. Faculty and students were carefully selected for this advanced seminar that was in- ternational in scope. Dr. Zuckerman was instrumental in the development and organization of this highly suc- cessful venture. Three of the lec- turers from abroad visited the sta- tion in late July. They included Dr. J. W. Eeinhorst from Holland, who is associated with one of the finest research institutions in the world; Dr.^ B. G. Peters from the University of London, and Dr. J. B. Goodey from the Rothsdam Experimental Station, England. We were honored by their visit and proud of the role played by our staff members. The Station will be host to the Board of Trustees of the University of Massachusetts for their regular monthly meeting scheduled for Sep- tember 12. Following their business meeting, which will be held in the Dr. H. J. Franklin Room, the board will tour the State Bog and inspect its facilities. Plans also include an appropriate meal served in the best Cape tradition. We welcome the trustees and are pleased that they will have this opportunity to see some of the work being carried on at the Station. Drought Conditions and Crop Prospects Much has been spoken and written regarding the serious drought con- ditions experienced by Massachu- setts growers in recent weeks. Ap- parently this type of disaster makes good copy for those involved with mass communications. Unfortunately, errors have a habit of creeping into news releases and the drought stories from the station were no exception. For example, dollars became con- fused with barrels to such an extent that we hardly recognized our own quotations. However, every effort was made by the station staff to re- port the current situation as acou- rate-ly as possible. In summary, it would appear as of August 15 that rains experienced August 8, 10 and 11, relieved the drought problem at least temporarily. 1.33 inches of rain were recorded at the station from showers that occurred during this period, and while amounts varied considerably throughout the cran- berry areas, it was a tremendous help. It should be noted that the ab- sence of high temperatures during the drcught was a major factor in our favor. We believe that losses could have reached an estimated 100,000 barrels by the weekend of August 11 had it not been for the timely showers mentioned above. A few dry windy days could again place us in a vulnerable position. Those with sprinkler systems were in the best position to combat the drought pro- blem. In spite of losses our crop poten- tial still seems to he excellent. In- sect infestations have continued to he light. There has been some de- layed fruitworm activity on some HEUCOPTEmPEST CONTROL ^UJiqams ^irwaus I I NORWOOD, MASS. t DUSTING and SPRAYING RAY MORSE, Agent TEL. CY 5-3928 Threa bogs in late July and early August, but cciilined to a relatively small acreage. Taking all the factors into consideration as of mid-August, we feel that the Massachusetts crop could be well above average unless drought conditions prevail during the last half of the month. The offi- cial estimate was made August 21 when Byron S. Peterson, of the New England Crop Reporting Service pre- sented his first estimate at the 75th Annual Meeting of the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers Association. Mr. Peterson is the successor to C. D. Stevens who has recently retired. The cooperation of growers is earn- estly solicited in this matter of care- fully estimating the crop and return- ing the information to the Boston office. There is an additional point to consider, namely the fact that the industry is now in the process of working out the details for a market- ing order, which makes the value of a reliable crop estimate even more significant. Picking Machine Schools Three picking machine schools have been scheduled for late August. This will be the 6th season that they have been held, and based on com- ments received each year they have served a very specific need. Robert St. Jacques and Louis Sherman will again be the instructors for the Darlington and Western machines respectively. They will cover opera- tional techniques, general mainten- ance, and simple repairs. Growers are urged to have their machine cperators present to participate in these highly informative sessions. The dates and schedule — August 28, 9 a.m., Ocean Spray Warehouse, Hanson; 2 p.m. State Bog. August 29, 1:30 p.m., A. D. Makepeace Screenhouse, West Barnstable. BEATON (Continued from Page 2) Melville C. Beaton, who has head- ed the Beaton enterprises, states the J. J. Beaton Company, Inc. made ap- plication for membership in Ocean Spray July 30 and this was ratified August 3rd. In recent months all the Beaton bogs have been made into a single operating tinit, which Mr. Beaton said totaled about 760 acres of cranberry bog in Massa- chusetts, with an average produc- tion of about 40,000 barrels. Mr. Beaton said that while the Beaton Distributing Comipany has not been dissolved, it will not sell berries any longer. Notices to this effect have been sent to patron growers, about half a dozen in num- ber, who have been contributing about 20,000-25,000 barrels. The Bea- ton Agency has handled in past years between 50,000 to a top of 70.000 barrels, although this was down last year. Tonnage depended, naturally, on the size of the crop. The Beaton Agency, was organized more than 40 years ago by the late John J. Beaton, and since that time has been one of the leading Massa- chusetts handlers of fresh and pro- cessed cranberries. Several weeks ago the Beaton in- terests petitioned the W a r e h a m Board of Appeals for a zoning vari- ance for the new canning develop- ment, and hopes were high then that a large new independent cannery would develop. Mr. Beaton declined to name any definite reasons for the changes, but said the situation in and out of the cranberry industry had led to the decisions made. Mr. Beaton said he will continue active in the cranberry business, as will his manager, Tony Briggs, al- though there will probably be some reduction in clerical help at the Touraine Paints Hardware SANDVIK SCYTHES (ALSO CALLED FINNISH SCYTHES) CARVER SUPPLY CO. UNroN 6-4480 Carver, Mass. combined J. J. Beaton Company and Beaton Distributing Agency office at Wareham. CANADIAN CRANBERRY GROWING Orville Johnson at Bala in the Province of Ontario is ready to plant approximately 15 acres. He has at present about ten acres. Charles Larocque at Drummods- ville. Province of Quebec plans to add four acres, in his expansion plan which has been in effect for several years. It was expected this property, which is set to Searls Jumbo may run to 150 to 200 barrels an acre this fall. MICHIGAN BOGS The cranberry plot at Newberry, Michigan, which is sponsored by the University of Michigan is progressing and is expected to harvest some berries this fall. There has been a sprinkler system installed for frost protection and irrigation. This is now a very clean development. The development of George House at Whitefish, Michigan is progres- sion and he plans to add another four to six acres next spring. The vines will be furnished by Vernon Golds- worthy of Eagle River, Wisconsin and will be all Searles Jumbo. CRANBERRY PICKING BOXES Shocks, or Nailed Let me repair your broken boxes — or repair them yourself. Stock Always on Hand F. H. COLE Tel. Union 6-3330 North Carver, Man. Western Pickers Parts and Repairs Agent for 1962 Model ORDER NOW J. E. BRALEY & SON MACHINE SHOP 78 Gibbs Ave Wareham, Mati. HAVE YOUR REPAIRS DONE NOW Issue of August 1962 - Vol. 27 No. 4 Published monthly at The! Courier Print Shop, Main St.. Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscriptions $3.50 per year. Second Class Postage Paid at Wareham, Massachusetts Post Office. FRESH FROM THE FIELDS Compiled by C. J. H. MASSACHUSETTS July Starts Cool July started out slightly cooler than normal with almost chilly nights. In fact it was so cool that it was not shirtsleeve weather, but the days were beautiful. Dry Again However, cranberry ibogs were again getting too dry and rain was needed. There was some overhead and other irrigation. Insects Still Light Around the Fourth of July second brood fireworms were starting to show. Growers were on the lookout for them on early w;ater bogs. Grow- ers were also on the looikout for fruitworm. Plenty Of Pollination Bloom was showing up in fine shape. Honeybees and bumblebees were present in adequate numbers and working on the bogs. Heavy Rain Breaks Drought A downpour of rain en the 9th, accompanied by some thunder and lightning, broke the beginning se- vtre drought. A total 'of .76 inches as recorded at the State Bog fell in a few hours. While this was a down- pour, as bogs are level there was little runoff, as on uplands and the storm was just what was needed. The last appreciable rain had been June 26. The ram was over the entire cranberry area. Very Minor Hail There had ibeen some minor hail damage. By the 12th the temperature had risen until it was only four degrees below the average. A Little Fruitworm Fruitworm was showing up a little by the 13th but still less than normal, as other insects were continuing to do. The cool nights were keeping this pest down. Late varieties were setting almost as fast as were the earUes. Mass. Blueberries Good Blueberries, cultivated and wild high and low bush were showing an excellent crop, as they did not last year because of the May 30 frost. Early native cultivated were in the local market by the 12th. Rain There was rain again on the 12th and 13th, this being over most of the cranberry area, but it varied from brief cloudbursts to mere sprinkles. Critically Dry Again In spite of the rains, conditions continued much too dry to be de- sirable, and the temperatures were on the cool side, especially at nights, when it was almost cold. There had been a minus 22 recorded for the month up to the 17th. By the 20th the lack of substantial rain was becoming acute, and at a particularly bad time as the set was in progress. There were a few light showers, but with scarcely measur- able precipitation. Month Dry, Cool, Rain Lack July ended with still critically dry conditions. Total rainfall for the month was only 1.24 inches. Average for July over the Mass. cranberry area is 3.21. There were seven re- cordable rains during the 31 days, but these were mostly less than one- tenth of an inch, except on July 9. At month's end it was stated at the State Bog that bogs had reached the danger point and that unless substantial rain came crop prospects would rapidly lessen. Estimate was still being held at around 750,000 barrels by Dr. C. E. Cross, director AGENT FOR WIGGINS AIRWAYS BOG SERVICE AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS HAND SPRAYERS - TOOLS - POWER EQUIPMENT AUTHORIZED BRIGGS AND STRATTON SERVICE CENTER R. F. MORSE & SON, INC. Cranberry Highway West Wareham, Mass. CY 5-1553 of the Station, but he said rains must come immediately or there would be danger. Some others were placing the crop prospect as less, not exceeding 650,- 000 barrels. In spite of the "stupen- dous" bloom which had raised high hopes, some said the flowers were lingering on too long and there were many "pin heads" as the only de- velopment. The set seems better on early water bogs. Unsuspected frost injury may have been a factor. Insects Light Insect infestations continued light "all across the board," and what in- sects there were, were combated on time by the growers. At end of month there appeared indications fruitworm mighi be a little heavier on late water, but it was light on early, and on the whole light. July ended nearly two degrees a day cooler than normal, in spite of a few hot sunny days. Nights were often cool as fall, particularly toward the end of month. July was reported by Boston Weather Bureau as the coldest in 39 years. WASHINGTON Late Bloom Hurts Set Cloudy but dry and cool weather has predominated the cranberry area the past two months of June and July. The result was that a very late blossoming period developed and at the end of July there were quite a few blossoms on the vines at this late date for Washington. It was believed these late blossoms prob- ably would not set and if they did no more than pie berries or pinheads will result. Seme bogs had fairly good set, but others showed winter injury to some extent. It was esti- mated the crop as a whole will be considerably less than that of the big crop of last year which was 138,- 000 barrels. Rainfall Scanty Precipitation in June was only 2.59 inches as compared to 3.51 last year and of this 1.10 inches fell the first 24 hours of the month. This was ac- companied by a 74-knott wind from the southwest. July rainfall was .46 as compared to 1.10 in 1961. Field Day Interesting The Field Day at the Coastal Washington Experimental Station at Long Beach was one of the best held with much grower interest and par- ticipation. There were 72 actual growers, with a large attendance of Station and College personell, plus representatives from chemical houses. Andrew Kruiswyk, Pacific County agent gave an informative talk on C. I L. EQUIPMENT CO. 191 LEONARD STREET ACUSHNET, MASS. Cranberry Bog Service PRUNING FERTILIZING RAKING WEED TRIMMING Machinery Sales PRUNERS POWER WHEELBARROWS RAKES WEED TRIMMERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS - Large & Small For Further Information Call . . . F. P. CRANDON M. C. LEONARD Rockwell 3-5526 Wyman 5-3521 C. J. TRIPP Wyman 5-2013 farm safety and safe practices in handling agricultural chemicals. Dr. Folke Johnson, pathologist from Puyallup, discussed his disease work with cranberries. Dr. Charles E. Doughty, Station director, explained results on bee and other pollination studies being' conducted at Long Beach and at Grayland. He also con- ducted a tour of the State Bog. Tour also covered plocs on the Leonard Morris bog and Cranguyma Farms, Parrish bog and Robt. Ostgaard's bog. The Station bog is in the process of being renovated, with quite a bit of the vines having been burned off. This will be replanted. The renova- tion has necessitated Station use for plot purpases of outlying begs. The Cascron plots, varietal trials and some Weed Fthap and Falone trials were the only sections shown at the Station Bog. NEW JERSEY Coldest July The weather during the month of July was the coldest ever recorded in the thirty-three year weather re- cording history of this station. The average temperature was 71°, 4.6° cooler than normal. The nearest to this for mildness was in July, 1960, and July, 1957, when the tempera- tures averaged 72.4°. The hottest July was in 1955 when the average was 79.1°. The average maximum daily temperature during the month was 83.4°, almost 4° below normal; and the average minimum daily temperature was 58.6°, 5.5° below normal. There were a number of unusually cool nights, with 13 in the fifties and 3 in the forties. On the other end of the scale there were only 2 days over 90, which is most unusual for the month of July. Rainfall totaled 4.81 inches during the month cf July, compared with the normal of 4.33 inches. There was one heavy rain during the month, 2.36 inches in 2% hours, on June 23rd. The severe drought of April, May and June has now been broken. Our total rainfall for May, June and July totals 12.25 inches, as compared to the average of 11.95. Our total for the first seven months of 1%2 is 25.83, slightly more than the normal of 25.12. (Continued on Page 16) Cranberry Growers Promote Air Pesticide Application Since conducting tests of aerial pesticide application several years ago in Massachusetts cranberry country, R. F. Morse and Son have pioneered in promoting a new look in cranberry insect control. Today, Paul Morse handles dispatching of helicopters on fertilizing and spraying missions for well over 50 percent of the New England cranberry bogs. ''Fertilizing and pest control on cranberry bogs always has been diffi- cult and time-consuming," Paul Morse recalls. He grew up in the cranberry business with his father, a long-time grower who previously worked for the New England Cranberry Sales Company. Presently they operate more than 60 acres of bog land and manage many more on contract. "Aircraft, especially helicopters, 150 or more acres, seemed to offer promise as a way to "Helicopters offer several import- speed up and increase the efficiency ant advantages to cranberry grow- of pesticide applications," Paul says. "We working with Wiggins first tried air spraying in 1947. Those first trials indicated the wide potential for air pesticide treatment. Known as alert cranberry growers, Ray and his son Paul had been de- veloping various management serv- ices for other growers. When their aerial applications proved success- ful, the Morses began recommending this system to other growers. Interest developed rapidly. Keeping up with the fast-growing new service required thoughtful plan- ning. Working closely with E. W. WigginLS, Jr. of Wiggins Airways of Norwood, Massachusetts, Paul Morse began mapping all cranberry bogs in the main New England berry country. "iWe set up mobile teams of a truck to mix and deliver spray ma- terial to bog sites, and a helicopter to apply it. With a two-way radio here in the office at the map, we could control the teams effectively and cover a lot of ground." Doaring the strenuous growing sea- son, each day's work is planned for the mobile team and discussed be- fore dawn with the pilots and truck drivers. By daylight the helicopters are aloft to begin their pesticide or fertilizer application assignments. Trucks are dispatched with chemicals to various rendezvous locations to reload the helicopters. Day Starts At 4:30 "We begin about 4:30 a.m. and usually stop spraying by mid-morn- ing when wind prevents application. In the early evening we can finish the day's work," Paul reports. "On good days each helicopter will cover ers,'' he explains. "First, they can cover the irregular-shaped bogs well. Because they can land right next to begs for reloading, we save a lot of time. Equally important is that we can avoid spray drift more easily. "When you have areas to treat that are close to other crops or homes and business areas, safety of your material becomes a vital con- sideration, too," the Morses agree. Sevin Insecticide "The new chemical, Sevin insecti- cide, has attracted widespread at- tention since it was first introduced for cranberry insect control in 1960," Paul states. "This new material is a carbamate and is highly effective against the main cranberry insects, ."^liioiiiieiioiiiiraiiiiiaiiii^iiii^iiiiaiiraiiiiHiiiiB;!! fireworms, leafhoppers and cut- worms. However, it is much safer to animals, fish and humans than many of the materials we had used before." Another advantage to growers is that Sevin can be applied to bogs up to 2 days before harvest without leaving a residue problem. This means that when late-maturing ber- ries must be treated in a bog next to those almost ready for harvest, there is no residue drift problem to worry about, the younger Morse ex- plains. In much of the aerial application work, Morse uses a concentrated spray of the 85 percent sprayable formulation of Sevin insecticide. "We mix from 2i/^ poiunds with 3 to 5 gal- lons of water and recirculate the ma- terial in our truck for proper sus- pension. It handles well and seems almost to go into solution," Paul re- ports. The economics of aerial apphca- tion appeals to growers. Cost runs from $6.50 to $10.00 per acre, de- pending on which insecticide or fun- gicide is used. Three applications a season are normal for insect and disease control. In addition to Sevin, Morse has applied malathion, diazi- non, dieldron, some DDT, and Para- thion, as well as ferbam and maneb fungicides by air. ^;imiiii^ii!iraiiii^!'i!^iiii^iiraii»iiiO{imiiiraiiir^ Aeria! Spraying and Dusting also FertiSizing We Specialize In Parathion Applications both Sprays and Dusts AERIAL SPRAYERS, Inc. (FORMERLY MARSHFIELD AIRWAYS, INC.) Marshfield, Mass. Thos. S. Weitbrecht (Whitey) Temple 4-7818 lllllHI!IHIllHIIIIBIIIHIIinilllBIIIHIIIIHIIinilllBIIIIBIIIIBIIIIBIIound rate in early June burned all the new growth, while rates of 10 to 20 pounds in May or June caused severe vine injury, re- covery from which was slow. In the fall, however, cranberry vines are decidedly more tolerant to dalapon sprays and all rates of 10 pounds per acre or less caused no injury to the vines. Studies were undertalken to deter- mine the effect of sprays on the flowering and fruiting of cranberry vines. Early May sprays of three or more pounds per acre resulted in the pro^iu3tion of mal-formed flowers (colloquially called "Japanese Lan- tern" flowers) which do not produce herries. Sprays on new growth de- stroyed all flowers. In the fall, Octo- ber and November, numerous tests at the 5 and 10 pound rates were made in three successive years on several varieties of cranberries. The Howes variety proved most tolerant of dala- pon sprays and rates up to 10 p>ounds of dalapKDn per acre showed no re- duction of flowers or berries in the following year. The newly-named va- riety Franklin (a cross of Early Blacks & Howes) was not quite as tolerant, the 5 pound per acre rate caused no reduction in fruit the fol- lowing year, and the 10 pound rate only a 10 percent reduction. Early Blacks appeared most susceptible to dalapon sprays in the fall with the 5 pound rate reducing the crop gf the following year by 25 percent and the 10 pound rate causing a 75 per- cent reduction. This indicates the possibility of differential use direc- tions depending on variety. Dalapon sprays are very effective in killing some of the most obstinate perennial igrasses of cranberry bogs. CJhief among these is cut-grass (Leer- sia oryzoides) which was controlled by 3 pounds of dalapon per acre in May or by 10 pounds in October. Even the 5 pound rate in October has given good control. It could be recommended in October for use on the Howes variety for controlling this important weed. Wiping the grass in early June with a solution of 2 pounds of dalapon in 5 gallons of water gave only temporary control. At the 5 and 10 pound rates in October, dalapon provided very good to excellent control of perennial sum- mer grass (Agrostis scabra) in both 1959 and 1960. This weed, like cut grass is of major concern and use recommendations are possible, espe- cially on Howes. Poverty grass (Andropogon sco- parius) and wamsy (Panicum virga- tum) are both controlled by the 10 pound rate in October. These grasses, though not so common, are vicious perennials that have defied all other means of control to date. The warty panic grass (Panicum verrucosum) is a thin and spindly annual which frequently forms stands so dense that several hundred grow in a square foot area. Dalapon ap- plied at 5 pounds per acre m October has given excellent control of this pest. The same treatment has also given us excellent control of sedge (Carex sps.) which is a rosette- forming perennial commonly found along ditch edges in the bogs. Studies over a three year period have shown that the ditches of cran- berry bogs can be treated success- fully in June and July without dam- aging the adjacent vines or berries. Twenty pounds of dalapon per acre applied in late June has provided ex- cellent control of cattails (Typiia) and from midJune to late July it has given excellent control of vari- ous grasses and rushes, and also a special pest of our area, the bur-reed (iSparganium americanum). Weeds are killed if foliage is above water level, but drier ditches give best results. Spraying of ditches is not permitted after July 31. Growers should be extremely careful when using this material in ditches, as vines and berries will be killed on contact. There is also a need to control many of these bog weeds growing on the immediate shores of the bogs. If they are controlled or eradicated on the shores, then the source of bog infestation by wind or water is con- itrolled. The 20 pound rate of dalapon is indicated and can be recommend- ed for shore work. Dalapon has been shown to be useful in post-harvest sprays in Octo- ber and November on the bog proper, and in growing season months for vegetation control in ditches, canals, and on the shores of the bogs. 1. Contribution No. 4 of the Cran- berry Experiment Station, Uni- versity of Massachusetts, East Wareham. 2. Head of Department and Instruc- tor, respectively, Cranberry Sta- tion. OCEAN SPRAY MUSEUM AND MOVIE OPENS Ocean Spray opened its Cranberry Theatre and Museum at the Ware- ham Welcome Shop and processing plant August 11th to remain open daily through Labor Day weekend. Visitors saw the collection of har- vesting and processing equipment in the newly-enlarged museum and the new movie, "Heritage of Flavor." OCEAN SPRAY OPEN HOUSE AT HANSON Ocean Spray held open house at its cranberry juice processing plant on route 27 at the main plant at Hanson August 10, as part of the 250th anniversary program of the Town of Pembroke. There were planned tours during which visitors entered the fresh berry receiving room and followed the process until the cocktail was ready for ^ipment. "Dick" Beattie Raised To A Top Position For past 15 years has been Cranberry Specialist at Mass. Cranberry Station. Dr. Arless A. Spielman, Dean of the College of Agriculture at the University of Massachusetts in Am- herst, annoimced this week that the Board of Tru-stees of the University had approved the appointment of Prof. J. Richard Beattie as the new Associate Director of the Mass- achusetts Extension Service. Prof. Beattie will be directly responsible to Dean Spielman for the adminis- tration of County and State extension programs and a staff of approxi- mately 150 professional people. The appointment becmes effective Octo- ber 1, 1962. During the interim, Prof. Beattie will be completing his work as Extension Cranberry Specialist at the Cranberry Experiment Station in East Wareham. He plans to move with his family to Amherst as soon as housing facilities can be arranged. Mr. Beattie Has been connected with the CranbeiT-y Experiment Sta- tion at East Wareham and a resi- dent here for 15 years. He was bom July 26, 1914 at Lynn, Mass., but moved at age 5 with his parents to a dairy farm at Guildhall, Vermont. His father, Neal W. and mother, Mildred M., were both born and brought up on farms in northern Vermont. His father was active in farm organizations and served as president of the County Farm Bureau and director of a dairy cooperative. He also served in both the House and Senate at the Vermont legisla- ture. He was also a former trustee of the University of Vermont and active in agricultural conservation programs. "Dick" Beattie was graduated from Lancaster Academy, Lancaster, N. H. in 1932; Mount Hermon Preparatory School, 1935; and the University of New Hampshire where he obtained his B.S. degree in 1939 and his M.S. degree in 1940. He was president of Alpha Tau Omega, a national fratsmity, a member of Alpha Zeta, National Honorary Agricultural Scholastic Fraternity and a member of Phi Sigma, National Honorary Zoological Scholastic Fraternity. His past position mclude serving as graduate assistant at the For- estry Summer School, University of New Hampshire and Assistant County Agricultural Agent Plymouth County (Mass.) in 1940. He became asso- ciate in 1943 and was raised to County Agricultural Agent, in 1945. He en- tered the cranberry field as Exten- sion Cranberry Specialist October Twelve 1, 1947 which position he has held to date. He was instrumental in the organ- ization and formation of the Mass- rchusetts Cultivated Blueberry Asso- ciation; the first cranbeny scnoiis for returning GI's of World War II; cranberry picking schools and the first school for custom operators 5ni handlers of agricultural ch:m- cals. He designed fresh fruit quality 'O'^.tr:! studies to improve condition of cranberries. He was the author of iori:?r monthly articles for Cran- bf rrics Magazine, the author of many articles in other farm jo'J.rnr.ls ?nd he designed new techniques to im- prove cranberry frost warning ser- vice for the growers of Massachu- setts. Beattie is a director of the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association and a member and past chairman of Plvmouth County Agricultural Council. His wife Lillian L., has been a teacher in the Wareham school system, and is a graduate also of the University of New Hamp- shire, class of 1940. Tl:e couple's son, Paul, is entering college this fall and their daughter, Nancy C, is entering her junior year in high school. Mr. Beattie, as well as having a most extensive acquaintanceship 'through his many activities in the cranberry field all over Massachu- setts is also active in local civic matters. He is secretary of the William Minot Forest Committee; coordinator for Students Abroad under American Field Service; pres- i ident of Wareham Community Asso- I ciates and a corporator of the Ware- ham Savings Bank. He is a member of the East Wareham Methodist Church and also a member of its i board of trustees and finance com- | mittee. j In fraternal activities he is a mem- ' ber of Epsilon Sigma Phi, Honorary Extension Society, and of Social ' Harmony Lodge, A. F. and A. M. of Wareham. Mr. Beattie said, "I am leaving my work in the cranberry field here, and my other associations with the greatest of regret. However, I am, looking forward to meeting the challenges of this new position." BLUEBERRIES Diuron has been cleared for use as a weed killer in blueberries at the rate of 2 pounds per acre. It is most effective when applied to a weed-free soil in early spring. In no case should it be apphed within 60 days of harvest. Diuron is quite effective against most annual broad- leaf weeds and grasses, but is much less effective against the deep-rooted perennials. Chloro-IPC has been cleared for use around cultivated blueberries up to a total of 12 pounds per acre applied during the dormant season, Since this is essentially a grass and chockweed killer and can be used only during the dormant season its effectiveness is limited. 2, 4-D up to 3 pvounds per acre has also been cleared for use on culti vated blueberries, but care should be exercised not to get it on the leaves of the plants. Since its use is limited to fall apphcation and it is effective only against broadleaf weeds, its use in blueberries is also limited (FRUIT NOTES, Pomology Staff, University of Massachusetts.) ADVERTISE IN CRANBERRIES MAGAZINE Largest Cranberry Crop In History Is Forecast By USDA Statistician Cape Growers Meet In East Warehaxn The largest cranberry crop in history, by about four percent was forecast by USDA Crop Statistician Byron S. Peterson at the annual meeting of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association held in East Wareham, Aug. 21. The figure re- leased for the national crop is 1,394,500; the previous recora crop was one of 1,340,700 in 1960. The forecast was awaited with more than usual interest this year, now that the Cranberry Marketing Order has been voted in, and is in effect. The order is designed for surplus crop years, and this is now a surplus crop year, as will un- doubtedly be determined by the Marketing Committee of 7. Massachusetts was given a much larger crop than many anticipated in view of the drought conditions, as 740,000 barrels, last year revised 472,000 average, 559,400. Mr. Peter- son gave berry size as "good." New Jersey is accorded 108,000, last year 118,000 and average, 96,600. Servere frost and dry weather cut the crop there. The Wisconsin figure, second to Massachusetts is 430,000, last year 462,000 and average 279,300. The season there was very cold and berries were called "small," reduc- ing the size of the total crop. Washington is accorded 82,500, last year 139,000, average 61,450. The berries suffered po^r pollenation, poor set, and berry size variable. Oregon production is given as 34, 000 compared to 45,400 last year, aver- age, 31,160. This was the 75th annual meeting of the association, which Dr. C. E. Cross, director of the Cranberry Station, called its golden jubilee anniversary. The gathering was one of the largest in a number of years and was presided over by Philip H. Gibbs of South Carver. Ofificers elected afe; president Philip H. Gibbs; first vice president Raymond F. Morse, West Wareham; 2nd vice president Alfred L. Pappi, Wareham; secretary William M. Atwood, Wareham; treasurer Mrs. Ruth E. Beaton, Wareham. Directors named are Gibbs, Morse. Pappi, Atwood, Ruth Beaton; Ralph Thacher, Marion; Louis Sherman, Plymouth; William B. Stearns, Ply- mouth; Dr. Cross; Paul Morse, West Wareham; Anthony R. Briggs, Ply- mouth; Oscar L. Norton, Rochester; Gilbert T. Beaton, Wareham; and club presidents, South Shore, Robert Meharg, Plymouth; Southeastern, Kenneth D. Beaton, Wareham; Cape, Elwood Leeman, West Barnstable; htmorary directors, Dr. Herbert F. Bergman, Wareham; Joseph! L. Kel- ley East Wareham; Cranberry Specialist J. Richard Beattie (ot his successor). Chief matters discussed were the new marketing order and the foreign market for cranberries, which now seems a distinct possibility. John W. Stewart, chief of Foreign Marketing Branch, Foreign Agricultural Service, USDA of Washington, discussed the latter at considerable length, holding ou-t promise of this means of reducing the cranberry surplus which has troubled the market each year,_ for a number of years. He explained that under an act. Public Law 480 passed in 1954, surplus crops may be sold abroad for foreign currency. He said the USDA has about two and a half million to expend in such endeavor and that in the case ol some crops the government paid all costs and in other instances the commodity industry paid half or some part. He reported that a booklet "Amer- ican Fruits for the World," (which included cranberries) had been pub- lished in four foreign languages and is much in demand in foreign coun- tries. He said the first step is explor- ation of the possibilities for a speci- fic fruit in any specific country. Then it must be learned how to advertise, merchandize, conduct pub- lic relations, and supervise and evaluate each crop in each country. He said the export market is a "quality market." He said that des- pite the so-called "Common Market Europe is still a group of separate nations, each with its own problams, such as import rules and regulations. He told how in 1960, the Cranberry Institute and the USDA had entered into a project to develop Western European Markets. He said he thought the four delegates from the industry who had been sent abroad in 1960 and last year to England had made an excellent start. He said the "primary promotion must come from industry," as the cran- berry industry is now doing. This year the government will put m $31,000 and the cranberry industry $15,000 into a project to develop the United Kingdom, or England. He concluded "This is going to take trnie but when it is achieved, I believe you will find it satisfactory." The Market Order situation was summed up by George A. Dever of the Marketing Division of the USDA. He told how the period for naming the vital marketing committee from the industry would be completed by August 25 and he hoped the com- mittee would be selected from the nominees by the Secretary of Agri- culture before the end of August. He said it was only this committee and not the USDA which could deter, mine the amount of surplus berries to be set aside, for approval by the Secretary. This committee cannot recommend container, size of berries or quality. It can specify berries for research. He then said that under a market- ing order all handlers, whether they had signed the marketing agree- ment or not, were bound to obey the regulations, and that a violation of these is a Federal offence, punish- able in a court and prosecuted by the department of Justice. He said that if any grower sold his own berries he was considered a handler, and must abide by the regulations. He told the growers this is "your program, you voted it in, and you should help to make it be effective." Orrin G. Colley, president of the Institute said that in 1961 growers had been assessed four cents a bar- rel for Institute support. He said he believed that the assessment this year for both the order and the Institute, with the foreign market would "not exceed ten cents a barrel and he hoped it will be much less." He said "this is your invest- ment in the foreign market." He said he expected the Institute would soon meet with the marketing order committee. Wareham town hall has been mentioned as the possible site of this first meeting. Also a main speaker was Arless A. Spielman, dean and director of . College of Agriculture, UMass. He told of the work of this institution, and its many fields of endeavor. He was followed by Alden C. Brett, a cranberry grower and chairman of the agricultural committee and a trustee of UMass. He suggested there was a strong possibility of a marketing speciahst bemg assigned to the Cranberry Station at East Wareham. A highlight of the meeting was the affectionate tributes paid to "Dick" Beattie, who is leaving the Station after 15 years as Cranberry Specialist to become associate di- rector, Mass. Extension Service, and assistant to Dean Spielman. These came from many sources during the meeting. "Dick" was presented a set of traveling bags and his wife, Lillian given a corsage. Dr. Cross told of the work of the Station and then introduced members of his staff who spoke on their particular specialities, these including Dr. F. B. Chandler, Prof. William E. Thomlinson, Dr. Bert Zuckerman, Irving E. Demoranville, and J. Stanley Norton. At noon, proceeding the meeting there was a chicken and cranberry barbecue. There was also an interesting exhi- bit of cranberry equipment, includ- ing the Furford picking machine, which was brought over the road from the State of Washington, where it was developed. A guest was C. D. Stevens now Thirteen retired as crop reporter who had given cranberry repyorts fo the past 35 years. Dr. Cross said that on retirement from the USDA he was given a superior service medal. '*Les" Haines New Ocean Spray Sales Possibilities Of European Market Stressed At Annual Ocean Spray Meeting Marketing Order A "Bridge" Until Den?«nd Catches up with Production 700 Attend Hanson Session — Olsson Re-elected President. Manager General Manager Stevens at the annual Ocean Spray meeting an- nounced the death of H. Gordon Mann, sales manager and said his position (is to be filled by Lester F. Haines. Haines has been associated with Ocean Spray for the past five years as fresh cranberry sales manager. He will now be in charge of both fresh and processed sales. Haines has been working out of the Chicago office and making his home in Lake Bluff, Illinios with his wife and three daughters For. 23 years he was with the former American Cranberry Exchange and worked up through the ranks as traffic manager, aidjustjtfr, ware-^ house distribution manager, sales manager and during his last three years as general manager. He was born at Whitesbog, New Jersey, attended Pemberton (N. J.) schools and Rider Business College at Trenton. His first experience with cranberries was gained with the J. J. White Company and he comes 'Of a foremost New Jersey cranberry .''amily. The Haines fan?ily will move to Massachusetts after January lirc,:.. CRANBERRIES PROVIDES A NEEDED MEDIUM OF INFORMATION FOR ALL GROWERS "From my experience with the foreign market, I am convinced there is a tremendous and important mar- ket for cranberries in Western Eu- rope," Joseph O. Parker of Wash- ington D. C. told about 700 stock- holders and guests of Ocean Spray at the annus! meeting at Hanson, Aug. 22. Mr. Parker besides being counsel for the Cranberry Institute is also counsel for many important commodity groups, including poultry, and counsel for the House of Repre- sentatives Agricultural Committee. Exploration and development of this market was stressed by several ether speakers, as was also the help the Cranberry Marketing Order may bring to the industry this fall with its record production crop shortly to be harvested. In commenting on the crop George C. P. Olsson, who pre- sided, said there would be approxi- mated 1,600,000 barrels of cranber- ries this fall, this including the coming crop and the surplus in free- zers. It has been stated that about all the industry has been able to dis- pose of up to the present in a 12- month period is about one million or a million and one hundred thou- sand barrels, all over that being a mprket-depressing surplus. The or- der, Pres. Olsson declared, he be- I'eved v.'nuld serve as a"bridge," for the industry until demand has 'r.n~ht up with supply. Wv. Parker reviewed the activities r- [T^Q C'-?n>^errv Institute, and men- t'cned the "missionary work" done in Washington by Orrin Colley, Mar- "''•:; M. Urann, Mr. Olsson from "'^^--^c'-nse^fs anrl Bert Lessure of 7,':r?o^::-^ immediately ?fter the "Flemming disaster" remarks in 1959; how the $10,000,000 indemnity program to the industry had been obtained to tide it over; of the tre- mendous help of favoraiale publicity from the Government body, the US- DA; and last year the 100,000 barrel school lunch program. "Cranberries are now well and favorably known in Washington," he said. He noted these things had been brought about by the industry acting in a remarkably unified manner, nnd that, now with the marketing order in effect, he strongly urged this nnity in the industry be continued. He also stressed the efforts of con- gressman in the industry behalf, at the time the disaster struck it, and mentioned by name Rep. Keith, Sen. Saltonstall and Sen. Smith from Massachusetts and said legislators from other states had been equally helpful. He said this aid transcended party lines. "On a cost basis," Mr. Parker said, "foreign market potential is more favorable now than ever be- fore or will be again." He pointed out specifically the growth of the American poultry in world trade. He said that today the United States is the number one poultry exporter. He pointed out that a few years ago poultry in the European market was in the same situation as cranberries are today. It was practically an un- known product in Western Eiu-ope. Now it has increased in a few years from 5 million pound import in world trade to more than 300 million. "Europeans as a whole do not knew what an American cranberry is," he said, " any more than we know what a Russian 'sipoliti' is. The latter he admitted was a word he had made up, but it expressed the lack of knowledge of cranberries in Europe. John W. Stuart, Chief of Foreign Marketing Research, Fruit and Vegetable Division, USFA, who spoke at the Cape Cod meeting also spoke at Hanson with an elaboration. He added that it would have to be determined through study as to what would be the best form in which to export cranberries — as a raw pro- duct to be made into sauce in Eu- rope, or processed, frozen, or de- hydrated. He said that in processed form the matter of sugar content was important as many countries had a high tariff against sugar in products. He said it would also have to be determined how sweet Eu- ropeans liked their sauces. The stockholders voted to change the date of the annual meeting from August to January, as a better re- port of sales could be given at that time, and also more growers might be able to attend than in August, when they were engaged in bog' work. Nominated and elected were 24! directors, these being; Massachu-| setts, Victor F. Adams, Osterville; Frank P. Crandon, Acushnet; Wil- liam E. Crowell, Dennis; David W. Eldredge, South Carver; Carroll D. Griffith, South Carver; Richard A. Heleen, Middleboro; Russell Make- peace, Marion; Elmer E. Raymond, Braintree; Alvin R. Reid, Hanson; Chester W. Rcbbins, Onset; Miss Ellen Stillman, Hanson; Marcus M- Urann, South Dvixbury; New Jersey, John E. Cutts, Vincentown; Thomas B. Darlington, New Lisbon; William S. Haines, Chatsworth; Wisconsin. Al- vin E. Bark, Wisconsin Rapids; Don- ald S. Duckart, Wisconsin Rapids; Lester M. Gordon, Tomah; Gerald! M. Potter, Warrens; Tony Jonjak, Hayward; Washington; Norman LI Brateng, Long Beach; David E. Pryde, Grayland; Oregon; James Olson, Bandon. These were all re-elections with the exception of Mr. Adams from Massachusetts who succeeds Wal- cott R. Ames and Mr. Bark, of Wis- consin who succeeds Bert J. Leasure. In his report as president, Mr. OUson referred back to the "hlack Monday" of 1959 with the Flemming statement and said that sometimes out of calamities good things come. He said that out of this had come the $10,000,000 indemnity; the pub- licity of the USDA, worth "millions in advertising value;" the 100,000 to'bls. school lunch program, which may have induced the younger gen- eration to eating cranberries, the investigation of the foreign market through the Cranberry Institute. He said that if his figures were cor- rect the amount of poultry shipped to Western Europe is in the vicinity of 250,000,000 pounds annually, and "if we could send to the same market one pound of cranberries for every 25 pounds of this poultry this would mean an cutlet for 100,000 barrels of cranberries annually." To me this seems a realistic and attainable goal." A fifth development, he said, was the securing of the marketing order. In regard to school lunch, he said it was hoped this might be ob- tained again this year. "The total -effect of this order would be to build a larger consumer franchise year by year and gradually increase the dollar return per bar- rel to the producer." He said that until such time as the industry is .able to bring demand up to produc- tion the order can serve as a bridge to reach that point. Concluding, he said, "I feel sure that we should show a gradual increase in sales and higher returns to our growers from ihere on," Ambrose E. Stevens, general man- lager and executive vice president, 'Who was ill last year said he had re- covered fully, and was very glad to nbe back at work again. He spoke •of Ocean Spray finances and said in 1961 the cooperative had negotiated iwith the Springfield Bank of Coopera- tives a loan for 8 million dollars for the handling of the 1962 crop. The seasonal loan for 1961 had been fully repaid. He said a new loan of $1,500,- 000 had been made to cover costs of .plant betterments, this improvement I being made necessary in part by the i added number of barrels the co- '[ operative is now handling. He listed : these improvements at Hanson, ;Mss3.: Onset, Mass.: Markham, I Washington ; Bandon, Oregon and North Chicago, 111. He said the research and technical development operations had worked upon 21 new products, and also others. He said that next year for the first time Ocean Spray cran- berry juice cocktail will be made (Continued on Page 16) t ¥/ o views of Dana Picker on Wisconsin marsh Dana Develops 6-Ft, Picker For Water-Rake Estimated Two Men Can Harvest 3-6 Acres Daily Dana Machine and Supply Com- pany of Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin, after two years of intensive work, has developed a cranberry picker, v indus'ry until consumption or .''ales, has caij-^ht up with production. Pr-^.sent and taking part in the meeting was Orrin G. Colley, presi- dent o!" th° "'-if^titute, which petitioned ^or the order. rommiitees named for organization ■^ur^~res were: Finance; Chester W. Robbins. chairman, Frank Glenn, Carrol Miller. Wareham, consultant for the Institute, Walter Fort, Orrin CDl'ey. Maurice Makepeace, John C Decas: marketing policy, Ben G. Pannkuk, chairman, John N. Decas, Anthony DeMarco, Frederick M. Barber, Clarence Searls, Lawrence Jwelv^ Procsch, Ray Habelman: by-laws and organization, John O'Hagen, Tony Briggs, Rogers Brick, Kenneth Garside, Joseph Palmer, Peter Le- Sage and J. L. Manese, inspector USDA. Second Meeting Votes "Surplus" Reduction on 6th Ballot After Deadlock — Amount of School lunch berries Not Yet Decided Cranberry Marketing Committee of Seven, at its second meeting, this time at Logan Airport Motel, Sept. 12 and 13 after much debate to re- duce the "set-aside," or restricted berries from 18 percent voted at the first meeting, to 12 percent. Action took many ballots, and was not de- cided until the second day of the meeting, with much of the first day being spent in deadlock. Ballots were mostly 4 to 3. A vote of 5 concurring unamimous. A vote of 5 concurring is required for action. During the proceedings there was good news brought to the industry when Norman C. Healy, acting Chief of Fresh Fruits Division, USDA announced that the department will buy fresh cranberries of the 1962 crop, for the school lunch program. Amount to be bought was not an- nounced, but will depend on market- ing conditions at the time of purchase and availability of outlets lor use ol the cranberries without waste. School lunch purchase last year was 100,000 barrels and this di.:l much to help strengthen the fresh fruit market. This USDA ictica was taken under Section 32 of the Feder?,l laws which permits this kind of ad in the case of surplus of an agricul- tural product. Taken into considera- tion by the USDA w£is the fact the 1962 crop has been forecast as t'le largest on record, the cranberry in- dustry is still not fully recovered from the "Cranberry Scare" of 19""l> and that the industry had indicated it was striving for "self-help," as shown by the voting in of the Marketing Order. Action was taken on berry stand- ards and restricted portion of the crop. It was voted that all berries must meet the standards for US Grade 1 fruit. It was decided that inspectors must sample two percent of each lot and must do this within 48 hours after such request by a handler, each handler to pay for the inspection. All inspected berries must be re- tained in boxes, tagged by the in- spector. If a handler indicates he wants to destroy restricted berries immediately an inspector shall be present and certify to such destruc- tion. It was voted the next meeting be held the week of October 15, at the same place, unless it became neces- sary to change date and place. This had not been a harmonious session as had been the first, with "independents" refusing to ratify for the record to be sent to Sec. of Agriculture Freeman the 18 percent set-aside. On this there was a dead- lock of 4-3 in repeated voting. At one point independents asked for a zero set-aside which would have negatated the effect of the order. Concerned in the debate were the matters of the government school lunch purchase and the opening price by Ocean Spray of $17 which independents believed too low in view of the fact there was a market, ing order voted in. Final vote for the 12 percent was unanimous. Tony Briggs Named Marketing Manager Anthony (Tony) R. Briggs of Mar- ion, was named manager to admin- ister the Cranberry Marketing Order by a sub-committee of three at the Committee of Seven meeting at Bos- on Airport Motel, Boston, last Fri- day. He was selected by the sub-com- mittee which was named by Chair- man George C. P. Olsson, president of Ocean Spray, as Ben G. Pannkuk, president of Indian Trail, Inc. of Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin; Walter Z. Fort, manager of Growers' Cran- berry Company of Pemberton, N.J., an independent distributing group; and Mr. Olsson. Mr. Briggs for a number of years has been associated with the J. J. Beaton Company, formerly indepen- dent growers and with Beaton Distri. buting Agency, independent handler, now inactive. The Beaton growing company this fall became a member of Cteean Spray. He has tendered his resignation to the Beaton company. This newly-created position in tlie industry, carries a salary of $12,000 a year with $5,000 for travel expen- ses. As assistants he is provided with a secretary who receives $4,000, and there are three fieldmen, with a (Continued on Page 16) Thirteen I ""-- r t> Fourteen O 5 a bo "J fed, ^1 P a 31 aid -® ji i^ es a> s P55 « Q bc >> 5 fflo- P. OJ a* S s •- re's ® b Fifteen 3RIGGS (Continued from Page 12) total salary of $6,000, their work to consist of berry inspection and other duties. According to a rule voted by the Marketing Committee he will work from an office in Wareham, net affiliated with any existing cran- berry group. Tony has Deen manager for the Beaton growing interests and a vice president of the company. He is widely and well-known parti- cularly in the Massachusetts industry and has been active in many cran- berry matters. He has owned bogs and grown cranberries in his own right, so is familiar with the cultural end, and has had experience in cranberry marketing through Ms work with Beaton Distributing Agency. He, with others, was inter- ested in the operation of about 150 acres of bogs. He is also the son of the well-known grower George Briggs, who was formerly very active in the affairs of the late New England Cranberry Sales Company and Eatmor Cran- berries, Inc. His grandfather, George R. Briggs, Sr., was a pioneer grower in about 1880-90. Tony was born April 10, 1925 and was brought up in historic Plymouth. He was gradu- ated from Plymouth schools and Milton Academy. He entered Har- vard, but then entered the U. S. Marine Air Corps, and while in service he was offered study courses in languages and learned Russian. Returning to Harvard he majored in Russian, also taking other languages and also business economics. He was graduated from Harvard in 1949 with a B.A. Degree. Then came the University of Massachusetts where he studied entomology, agronomy, and farm management, obtaining an M.S. Degree. He has been on the Board of Directors of Jordan Hospital, Ply- mouth, and of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association. He was named to the cranberry marketing committee which investi- gated the adoption of an industry marketing order, out was one of those opposing a favorable vote of growers, speaking in opposition at the Wareham hearings last spring. He has a son and daughter and has been interested in sports, having played football and hockey in school and college, likes tennis and swim- ming and has been a skin diver. Industry costs of admmistrating the order, including the manager's salary and other office expenses have been set at $49,500 by the Com- mittee of Seven. This cost is paid by the growers who are assessed back at the ra':e cf 4V2 cents a barrel for friut sold on the "free" market. Committee members are unpaid, but receive travel and other expenses from the administrative budget. He has this week opened an office in the Wankinco building, Main Street, Wareham. SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES MASSACHUSETTS CROP OVER-RUNNL\G? With 25-30 percent of the Massa- chusetts crop harvested by Sept. 20, prospects seemed to be over-nmning the estimate of 740,000 barrels, or the second largest in Bay State his- tcry. There was generally ideal pick- ing weather, and although there were one or two frost "scares," there was no frost damage or gen- eral flooding for frost to slow up harvest. Berries were turning out to be of much better quality than anticipated and color was excellent, berries in this respect being 10 days or two weeks ahead of last year. Fruit was small, however due partly to the dry summer, except from the small proportion oi vines wnich had re- ceived sprinkler irrigation. "We have a real cranberry crop this year," Dr. C. E. Cross, Station director said. INDIAN TRAIL, inc. WORKING— MERCHANDIZING— SELLING WISCONSIN-GROWN CRANBERRIES 12 Months of the Year Moving FRESH — FROZEN— — CANNED & JUICE — Striving always to move TOP-QUAL- ITY products at TOP PRICES for bet- ter returns to WISCONSIN Growers. P. 0. BOX 710, WIS. RAPIDS, WIS. Chloro IPC, a time-tested herbicide made by the Chemical Division of Pittsburgh Plate Glass Com- pany, can now be used on dormant cranberries. This is good news to growers who need an econom- ical way to control annual grasses (bent grass, an- nual blue grass, velvet grass, turkeyfoot grass) as well as such weeds as rushes, horsetail, loosestrife, tearthumb and certain others. Chloro IPC is ap- plied while the plants are dormant. It is completely dissipated before the fruit ever appears, so there's no residue problem. Chloro IPC is among the least toxic of all commercial herbicides. Thorough field testing of Chloro IPC on cran- berry bogs in Massachusetts, Wisconsin and Wash- ington has developed local experience and recom- mendations suited to each area. PPG Chloro IPC is easy to apply in the form of 20% granules, 100 lb. to the acre during November or December after harvest, A repeat application in early spring before cranberry growth begins will give further control of annual weeds. Ask your experiment station per- sonnel at the state university for local recommenda- tions on use of PPG Chloro IPC. Write for more details and your local distributor's name to: Pitts- burgh Plate Glass Company, Chemical Division, One Gateway Center, Pittsburgh 22, Pa. chemicals For Ease In Grub Control and Fertilization Plan Now to Use Field-Tested DIELDRIN-FERTILIZER COMBINATION For Further Information Contact: R. F. MORSE & SON Inc. CRANBERRY HIGHWAY West Wareham, Massachusetts CY 5-1553 Eighteen fidit't^al^ ISSUE OF SEPTEMBER 1962 VOL. 27 - NO. 5 .._. — „ „ .. — _.__.^ NOW DOWN TO BRASS TACKS The vital cranberry order committee of 7, with 7 alternates has been named by the Secretary of Agriculture from recom- mendations made by the growers. These men are nearly all growers in their own right and so would have the interest of the grower at heart — which, after all it is the grower returns the order is designed to effect. The chairman is George C. P. Olsson, president of Ocean Spray, while the vice chairman is Ben G. Pannkuk, president of Indian Trail, Inc of Wiscon- sin. Both are mature, experienced men, vitally interested in cranberry growing and marketing. An independent, John C. Decas of Massachusetts was chosen for the important post of secretary-treasurer. Decas is youthful, but agressive and well- informed. The independents, although they fought hard, in their earnest conviction, against the order, have demonstrated they are good losers. Rancor, if any, against the order at the first meeting was held under control, and the principals and alter- nates got down to business in a spirit of accord. They struggled hard, and, we think, well, with the vital "set-aside" regu- lation. Second session lacked entirely the harmony of the first. Still the committee made progress and the "set-aside" was re- duced from 18 to 12 percent. This lesser amount is perhaps more "realistic" in view of the fact the USDA is again to buy fresh cranberries for the school lunch program. This program last year was a million and a half dollar sale, and strengthened the market. The committee members, who them- selves give their time without pay, may be criticized for such a substantial salary as $12,000 for a manager. But it should be understood that this man, and his as- sistants must be competent of doing the job of administration that must be done. It is important work and should be ade- quately compensated. Our sincere congratulations go to J. Richard Beattie, for so long Massachusetts Cranberry Extension Specialist, stationed at the Mass. Cranberry Station. "Dick" was devoted to his duties; his achieve- ments were outstanding. His easy friendli- CLARENCE J. HALL Editor and Publisher EDITH S. HALL— Associate Editor Wareham, Massachusetts SUBSCRIPTIONS, $3.50 Per Year, FOREIGN, $4.50 CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin LEO A. SORENSON Cranberry Consultant Wisconsin Rapids Wisconsin Washington Dr. CHARLES C. DOUGHTY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. Oregon GRANT SCOTT Coquille, Ore. Massachusetts Dr. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. New Jersey P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey ness, his deep interest in betterment of growers leave him only friends in the cranberry industry who wish him the very best in his broader and more responsible position which will not take him entirely away from cranberry growing. We know his monthly articles, under the heading, "Massachusetts Cranberry Station and Field Notes," were widely read and valued. (It is our expectation these will be continued by another member of the Station Staff.) We shall miss "Dick" and his family; it happened he was a close and good neighbor and good personal friend of your editor. SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS Bandon Cranberry Festival Sept 28-29 Bandon (Ore.) Festival Committee plaixs for the Cranberry Festival, September 28 and 29 have been cul- minating. It is expected this will top all previous such Bandon events. A comedian, Lew Fine, who has been appearing at Seattle World Fair has been hired as master of ceremonies, and to entertain at the queen coronation which is to be held the evening of the 28th at Bandon High. The big event is the parade which will be staged at 10 a.m. the 29th. Parade chairman, Cecil Kemp, has contacted marching and musical units from all over southeastern Ore- gon. Cranberry Bowl football game will be between the Bandon Tigers and the Myrtle Creek Vikings. Between the parade and the foot- ball game the annual beef barbecue will be served. This affair has an- nually attracted huge crowds. The festival ball will be at "The Barn," from 10 p.m. to 2 a.m. A square dance jamboree will be held in the Ocean Grove school gymnasium. "The Barn" will also be the scene of the annual Cranberry Fair, at which cranberries and cranberry dishes will be featured. Fresh From The Fields (Continued from Page 6) Harvesting About Sept. 15th The Cool weather and ample preci- pitation appear to have developed a gcod fruit bud set for next year based on preliminary observations. The first harvesting in the state is expected to get under way about the middle of the month, with most marshes starting on the week of the 24th. Marshes with small berries are planning to wait until the 1st of Cctober before starting hoping to gain some berry size. ADVERTISE IN CRANBERRIES MAGAZINE WISCONSIN HEADQUARTERS FOR INSECTICIDES — FUNGICIDES HERBICIDES DUSTS — WETTABLE POWDERS — EMULSIONS PARATHION — MALTHION FERBAM — SIMAZINE DITHANE M - 22 (Maneb) WEED RHAP 20 Hopkins Agricultural Chemical Co. p. O. BOX 584 MADISON, WISCONSIN Phone ALpine 7-1019 SPRINKLER SYSTEMS PUMPS HIGH CAPCITY WELLS ROBERTS IRRIGATION SERVICE STEVENS POINT WISCONSIN HUME PRODUCTS CORPORATION • DEGRASSERS • DRYERS • CONVEYORS Designers and manufacturers off machinery for the cranberry industry SERVICES AVAILABLE TO WISCONSIN GROWERS: Steel stock from our warehouse Engineering services Complete machine shop service im For information, write: HUME PRODUCTS CORPORATION Eagle River, Wisconsin Twenty SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS FOR SALE SEARLES JUMBO HOWES, McFARLIN Vines for delivery in 1962 $125.00 Ton F.O.B. INTERESTED IN PURCHASING WISCONSIN CRANBERRY PROPERTIES Vernon Goldsworthy B.S. & M.S. University of Wisconsin Cranberry Consultant Fees Reasonable EAGLE RIVER WISCONSIN DANA MACHINE & SUPPLY Co. Wis. Rapids Wis. MFGS. of: SPRAY BOOMS GRASS CLIPPERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS G«tsinger Retracto tooth pickers Dryers DISTR. of: VEE BELTS & PULLEYS ROLLER CHAINS SPROCKETS & BEARINGS CONVEYOR BELTING STEEL A complete line of Sprinkler Irriga- tion fc- Frost and Drought Protec- tion. Can or Will Help Finance FRANKES IRRIGATION 523 Post Rd., (Hy. 51 So.) Stevens Point, Wisconsin OUR PRODUCTS Strained Cranberry Sauce Whole Cranberry Sauce Cransweets Diced Cransweets Cranberry Apple Sauce Cranberry-Strawberry Preserves Cranberry-Cherry Preserves Cranberry-Pineapple Preserves Cranberry-Raspberry Preserves Cranberry-Rhubarb Preserves Cranberry-Gooseberry Preserves Spiced Cranberries Cranberry Chilli Sauce Cranberry Bar-B-Q Sauce Cranberry Orange Relish Cranberry Vinegar Cranberry Juice Cran-Beri Cran-Vari Cran-Puri Cranberry Puree Cran-Bake Sliced and Whole Maraschino Cranberries Consumer Size & Bulk Fresh Cranberries Cranberry Products, Inc. EAGLE RIVER, WISCONSIN CORRUGATED CULVERT PIPE and FLOW GATES FelkerBros. Mfg.Co. MARSHFIELD WISCONSIN Phone 230 - 231 i I WISCONSIN CRANBERRY GROWERS are using more Signature Fertilizer year after year • Pelletized • Homogeneous • Dustless • Free-Flowing • 50 lb. Bags E. RAUH & SONS FERTILIZER CO. Indianapolis & Plymouth, Ind. YOU Are reading this ad. Others will read yours in CRANBERRIES Magazine Ocean Spray Ocean Ocean Ocean ^Kmberry ninhi'itv sautt__^ &l_LJEO_^^ incranb: '.'hisiory I BG, FULL- COLOR ADS N TOP MAGAZ NES -N JUST 3 MAS • selling Ocean Spray to 60,000,000 women - 7 out of 10 of your customers! • designed to create more and more demand for Ocean Spray and for high-profit related items! HERE'S THE SCHEDULE. ..EVERY AD SELLS MORE OCEAN SPRAY AND MORE RELATED ITEMS FOR YOU American Home Good Housekeeping Ladies' Home Journal McCall's 1 Life OCTOBER Ocean Spray & Fried Chicl^en* Ocean Spray & Pancakes Ocean Spray & Ice Cream Ocean Spray & TV Dinner* NOVEMBER Ocean Spray & Turl•■,. ,i».*/ GARRETSONS, father and son operate 40 acres a( Marshlield. Mass. (CRANBERRIES PI 35 Cents OCTOBER 1962 DIRECTORY For CRANBERRY GROWERS Wdrcester Paper Box Corporation MEDFORD, MASS. Tel. MYstic 8-5305 Manufacturers of Folding Cartons and Displays PREFABRICATED FLUMES Straightlin« Pumps Bog Railroads For Rent CONSULTANT On Water Problems RUSSELL A. TRUFANT North Carver, Mass. Tel. UNion 6-C696 1 'K' i ICHARLES W. HARRIS! 1 Company i 1 451 Old Somerset Ave. | North Dighton, Mass. | AMES 1 Irrigation Systems | Sprinklers | Weed killers | Insecticides | Fungicides = from 1 ( Kiekens - Duster and Sprayers 1 WATER WHITE KEROSENE For use on Cranberry Bogs Also STODDARD SOLVENT Prompt Delivery Service Franconia Coal Co. — Inc. — Wareham, Mass. Tel. CY 5-0039 • EQUIPMENT HAYDEN - SEPARATOR - WAREHAM, MASS. Irrigation Systems PUMPS SEPARATORS - BLOVWRS SCREENHOUSE EQUIPMENT DARLINGTON PICKING MACHtNES Wareham Savings Bank WAREHAM and FALMOUTH Savings Accounts' Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent Phone CYpress 5-3800 Kimball 8-3000 The National Bank of Wareham ConTeniently located for Cranberry Men Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK ALFEED PAPPI At Scre«>Bkou«es, B«n amd Pumpc Means Satis facti«a WAREHAM. MASS. Tel. CY 5-2000 Funds always available for sound loans SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES Complete Banking Service MMaker r**mi D«p*«tt iMOMaee On». Of Interest To Cranberry Growers Is Contoversey As To Whether Use Chemicals At Least Two Studies Tend to Show The Amount Used is Not Too Much and That Chemical Control is Necessary for Food Crops. Of considerable interest to cran- berry growers is the present con- troversary over the amount of chem- icals used in control of agricultural and other insect pests. This began last summer with the pubhcation of three articles in the magazine "New Yorker," and now printed in com- plete text book form, placed on sale this month. The author is Rachel Carson, noted biologist and author of the best sell- ing "Sea Around Us," and the "Edge of the Sea" among other works. The matter has even been on a Presi- dential news conference and has otherwise been discussed over tele- vision and at meetings. Cranberries are mentioned by Miss Carson and in some of the rebutals in connection with the "cranberry scare" of 1959. She asserts not only are chemi- cals, unknown to nature, being used in sprays and dusts to control insects in crops and woodlands everywhere are poisoning our food and water supphes, but that the increasing use of insecticides and herbicides by individuals in lawn and shrub care, and in household insect sprays and repellents are poisoning individual homes. She refers bo the further mannmade pollution of the air and water from nuclear explosions through radiation fall-out, as another source of pollution. She asserts deter- gents are polluting streams. She refers stiJecifically to the cran- berry "scare" of 1959 as one in- stance, when any cranberries with even a slight taint from amino triazole were banned from interstate commerce. This chemical improperly used on a few berries grown in some areas, has been banned for use on berries to be harvested by an industry voluntary "non-use" pohcy, even though the USDA has not for^bidden the use, on cranberry bogs after harvest. It is her belief, apparently, that man is now upsetting the balance of Nature achieved in millions of years of evolution, that the air, land, waters and food are becoming poisoned to a dangerous degree. She foresees increasing diseases in man- kind, importantly cancer and mental ilkiess through chemical poisoning, mutations in future generations, and indicates that man may eventually destroy himself, through being poisoned or sfcai'ving. She points out that many insects develop resis- tance to many insecticides and in some instances the undesirable in- sects actually increase, while the ■'oeneficial" die out, sucii as bees. She finds both the USDA and the food and Drug Administration lax in their protection of the pubUc. Ker studies are not confined to this country but range the world. She points to a considerable number of hunaan deaths directly due to in- secticides and herbicides. She says the public can buy an amazing and constantly increasing assortment of poisons ill insecticides, and herbi- cides in hardware, grocery and other sizrei, mostly to buyers unaware of the dangers inherent in the materials they are to use, unless instructions are followed. An article, possibly in resjponse to this, is published in the June issue of "National Agricultural Cheonicals Association and Pesticide Review" published in ■vVashington, D. C. The article asserts that a detailed survey shows tliat less than 5% of the total acreage of the United States, exclusive of Alaska and Hav/aii have been sprayed or dusted in an average year. The article says "it is important to laiov/ what kinds of land insecticides are applied and at what rates they are applied. Al- though such information has been needed seriously for some time, this is the first attempt to assemble the necessary data." Tables show the highest use is on m-ban and other built-up areas, which mclude cities, towns, industrial sites, armed forces installations, Qirix>rts, railroad and highway rights-of-way. areas where man's buildings and roads have already upset the "balance of nature," etc. The per- centage of such area is 28.30. A prepared summary follows: Too Much — or Too Little "America Nature lovers wiho have expressed concern over the threat oof pesticides to fish, birds and other v/ildlife v/ill be interested in the exhaustive report of David G. Hall, chairman of the Ccanimittee for Public Information of the Entomolo- jgical Society of America on the amount of insecticidal chemicals used in the U. S. (minus Alaska and Hawaii.) This detailed survey shows that Jess than five percent of the acreage joi the 48 states have insecticides applied to them on an average year. (Actual percent 4.62.) And, surprisingly enough only 15 percent of the cropland plaiated by U. S. farmers and ranchers each S^ear has insecticides apphed on it. With respect to forest lands, Mr. Hall's report shows that of oui' total ■640 milhon acres, less than tliree- tenths of one percent is treated, and that at least 613 million acres (about !95 percent) have never had any ansectieide treatment. The same percentages prevail in the treatment of our 630 million acres of permanent grassland pas- tures — where the treated lands (less than three-tenths of one per- cent) ajre sprayed or dusted at the rate of two ounces of insecticide chemicals per acre for control of grasshoppers, Moron crickets and ether pastureland insect pests. Downright disturbing is Mr. Hall's report that less than one-tenth of the area producing disease-bearhig mosquitos is treated aruiually. "No more than 2,500,000 pounds (actual active ingredients) of msecticidal chemicals are a.pphed to open salt water swanipland each year at the rate of one pound per acre by mosquito control districts ..." TAKE ADVANTAGE of the BETTER things of life. The efficient USE OF ELECTRICITY is one of these better things — efficient use in pov/er for cran- berry bog operations, and in the home. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM CYpress 5-0200 ~ PLYMOUTH Pilgrim 6-1300 SHARON BOX 00.1PANY, INC. ESTABLISHED IH&G SHARON, MASSACHUSETTS We Will Buy Your White Pine Logs, Eitlier Standing- or Cut ® Highest Prices Paid • Mass. Sawiniii located at N; rth Car' Oflicj Phones: Sharon, SU 4-1311 C UN h-2234 If You Want A Good Flume At A Low Cost Use ^11 Hea?t Bedwood 60,000 Ft. on hand for Prompt Delivery 6x8 — 6x6 — 4x6 — 4x4 Planking - Square Edged or Matched 2x6 2x8 — 2x10 — 2x 12 SEND FOR YOUR FREE FOLDER ON THE "DURABILITY OF REDWOOD" E. W. Goodhue Lumber Co», Inc. MIDDLEBORO ROAD EAST FREETOWN, MASS Phones Rockwell 3-8811 — Middleboro 1275 All in all, it would appear from the study summarized here that we H i^ ^m ^mm '^m ii» ^^ ^m mm smm m Retain natural flavor i without over-sweetness | ' I I •"" REX° I CORN SYRUPS I ♦♦•■\ I ;^: CORN PRODUCTS COMPANY ^ Manufacturers of fine products for the food industry . . . and m popular Best Foods Division grocery brands for the consmner. are mucn too span cur use of pesticides — tiiat ii:e genus homo and his food supply are in greater peril from die insects than are the birds and bees and fishes from chemicals." 'The Desolate Year'' Apparent Another apparent reply to the challenge by Miss Carson, appears in the Monsanto Magazine. Tiiis is published by the Monsanto Chemical Company and has a circulation of abcut 140,000. Entitled "The Desolate Year," and written much in the same prose style as "Silent Spring," the article attempts bo answer the question "Does the world really need chemi- cal pesticides?" It points out that pesticides are essential to maintain and improve food supplies and public health. Article contends that, in that "Desolate Year" when none of the chemicals were used "the bugs were everywhere — unseen, unheard, on or under every square foat of land, every squai'e yard, every acre and county and state and region in the entire sweep of the United States. Beneath the ground, beneath the waters, on and in the limbs and twigs and stalks, under rocks, in- side trees and animals and other insects — and inside man. It tells of how went the citrus crops, potatoes, sweet corn, cotton, cattle, destroyed or damaged without pesticide and herbicide control. "Field tests and careful studies indicate that no commercial crop of apiples, peaches, cherries, sweet corn, grapes, strawberries, cranberries, raspberries, potatoes, tomatoes, car. rots, kale, mustard, collards, spinach and other food plants wculd be grown in this country withou't chemical insecticides and/or herbicides." It tells how inspectors of the Food and Drug Administration virould not approve focd products containing some chemicals. "But people had to eat. As food grew scarcer, prices spiraled. "Hard-pressed men of the United States Department of Agricultiwe, (Continued on Page 18) Mass. Cranberry Station and Field Notes by CHESTER E. CROSS Director Greetings From Dick The departure of J. Richard Beat- tie from the Cranberry Experiment Station to his new post as associate director of the State Extension Serv- ice in Amherst has left a large hole in the ranks of the station staff. Dick with his customary vigor, is becom- ing acquainted with his new chores, holding meetings and conferences in many counties of the Commonwealth, and more frequently than once a month is out-of-state on regional pro- blems faced by those associated with the Federal Extension Service. He just told me by telephone that he sends his greetings to all his friends in this part of the state, and having received the latest U.SjD.A. crop re- port for October, sends his congratu- lations to the growers of our second largest state crop. Crop Over-Riuming The Massachusetts crop is over- running the August estimates — es- pecially in the southern parts of Ply- mouth County. Though berries are generally reported to be of medium or small size, there are a lot of them. Quality, in general, is excellent, and more than usually glossy. The gener- al appearance of the fruit is good, and much better than the station forecast last spring. The difference is undoubtedly attributable to the cool dry summer. The Early Blacks are now practically all harvested, the last of them being fully dark enough to justify their name. Many of these have been ear-marked for cranberry juice, are being screened and frozen promptly. The beautiful crop of Howes is now being harvest- ed and reports indicate that they, too, are over-running earlier esti- mates. Frost Loss Small The diffictdt nights of September 20 and 21 gave many Massachusetts growers the problems they were most afraid of. Temperatures ranged down to 19° - 23°F. and on many bogs pro- tection was needed, and unfortunate- ly, in some cases this protection was lacking. Reservoirs were low as a result of an all-season scanty rain fall, and we estimate about 3500 bbls. were frosted. Harvest Late Since these frosts, rainfall defici- encies have been corrected! The last week of September showed measur- able rain fall on 6 days and a similar and long soggy period came in early October. This combined to retard the harvest that got imder way promptly in early September, so that now in mid-jOctober many growers still re- port 10 to 14 days of harvesting still to go. The frost warnings of October 13, 14 and 15 fizzled because of thin clouds and light winds — but flood- ings from newly — filled reservoirs has delayed further the harvesting operation. Staff Notes Irving Demoranville is on sick leave with an infected foot, but says there are no new approvals on weed- chemicals. He has made a number of significant finds in his weed re- search this summer, has collected great quantities of berries for resi- due analyses, and is making steady progress toward a solution of some of our worst problems. Incidentally, there is every reason to think that the use of Simazine last spring is in part responsible for our large crop. Areas of bog infested a year ago with cutngrass and bear- ing only an insignificant crop, are this year bearing heavily. Cut-grass has not been eliminated, but it was delayed and thinned enough so that bees could work the flowers and these set fruit which could be har- vested. Water-harvesting studies are con- tinuing under Stan Norton and his able assistant Milt OPaine. Prof. Nor- ton has completed a study of har- vesting costs in Massachusetts and Wisconsin. It will be pubUsted next month in Cranberries. Dr. Zuckerman and his family have left for Israel on sabbatical leave. He will study some of the ectopara- sitic forms of nematodes attacking agricultural crops in the Eastern Mediterranean. He will return to the Cranberry Station next spring. Dr. Khera and Kenneth Rochefort will keep the home fires burning until Bert's return. Total Crop Is Upped Slightly Total US cranberry production was upped slightly in the October 10th U13DA report, this being from 1,394,- 000 in preUminary August estimate, to 1,398,000. The biggest increase was in Massachusetts, where pro- duction was raised from 740,000 barrels to 770,000. At the same time the Wisconsin expectation were low- ered from 430,000 barrels to 400,000. New Jersey remained at 108,000; Washington was raised from 82,500 to 86,000, and Oregon stayed still at 34,000. In Massachusetts, with harvest two thirds or more completed by the October 12, Columbus Day holiday. Early Blacks had over-run by con- siderable and it was expected Late Howes would also overrun, as the late berries were being harvested. There was somfe opinion that the new Mass. estimate might ibe "con- servative," but there was a long way to go to equal the record crop for Massachusetts of 805,000 barrels in 1960. Keeping quality and coloi continued fine. There was some indications the Washington increase may not turn out. In Massachusetts the fall frost loss continued slight, less than one per- cent and there was plenty of water, following two exceptionall down pours form unseasonable north- easters and the fringe of Hurricane Daisy, the later combined three day storm causing flooding running into millions of dollars in loss, more tha 20 Uves, over N. E. but raising compartively little havoc in the cranberry area. Three Rather dangerous fix>sts wei'e fore- cast on the iiights of Oct. 13 and 14 with estimates of 21 and 20. tolerance of early blacks 2o. but there was wind and cloud. :Most growers flood- ed, but real lows did not evelop and tliere was no amage estimated, al- though tJiere was somie pickii>g time lost. The latest national figures indicate tJiis year will bring tlie all-time recoi-d. nearly 1.4 million barrels. This is 13 percent more than last year and 30 percent above average. The shrinkage in the Wisconsin re- ix>rt was due. as anticipated, to ab- normally small berries because of the usually coll weatiier. Appointments Are I^Iade By Briggs, Order 3Ianager First appointment by Tony Briggs, named by the cranberry order mar- keting commdttee as order manager was the selecting of Miss Elmina HoUis of Wareham ss secretary and accountant. Miss HoUis has had many years of experience of office work coiicemmg cranberries as she was long employed by the J. J. CR.ANHERRY PICKING BOXES Sliooks. or Nailed Let me repair your nroker ^OTes! — or repair them yourself. Stock Always on Hand F. H. COLE Tel. Union 6-3330 Vorth Carver. Mass Western Pickers Parts and Repairs Agent for 1962 Model ORDER NOW J. E. BRALEY & SON MACHINE SHOP TS Gibbs Ave Wareham. Mass. H-WE YOUR REP.\IRS DOXE NOW Beaton Company, until she recently resigned. Office quarters are now set up in the Wankinco Block. Main Street, Wareham (Tel. CY 5-2534). The secretary-accountant post carries a salary of $4000 a year. Briggs is also authorized to name three fieldman. at a combined yearly allotment of $6,000. He has named ■■Joe" Kelley of East Wareham for Massachusetts. "Joe"' was. for many years until his recent retirement, attached to the Cranberry Experi- ment Station as cranberry specialist. He is also a long-time bog owner. There is no question but that few men know the Massachusetts indus- try, and cranberry cultui-al practices r.s well as he. Duties o: the fieldmen include aiding and helping handlers, to give :ut information concerning the poli- cies of the order and to see tfiat there is no "abuse"' of any of the order regulations. Second fieldman selected is Charles A. Doehlert for New Jersey. Mr. Doehlert until his retirement several ."ears ago was acting head of the ;:ranberry-Blueberry Experiment Sta- tion at Pemberton. Fcr a number o: years prior to that he was a mem- ber of the staff. Since his retirenient he has lived at a large farm on Jobstown Road. Columbus. While in New Jersey Mr. Briggs met every known handler of cranberries in that state and briefed them on the operations of the order. Briggs was making a visit to Wis- consin as this issue goes to press to appoint a fieldman for that state :nd to visit handlers. Marketing Com, Meets Oct. 23 Third meeting of the principals of the Cranberry Marketing Order Com- mittee is bemg held at Logan Air- port Motel. East Boston. October 23, as this issue is going to press. Session is e.xpected to last two days. One issue on the agenda is understood to be the setting of the price at which handlers may "buy back," any berries they need in excess of the free berries, from the restricted po:l. Meeting i^ open to pubhc and press. WE WERE GRATIFIED When a grower who had plac- ed 2 small ads in CRANBER- RIES telephoned and said both ads had brought him the re- sults he wanted on the very first day the magazine was out. Brewer & Lord INSURANXE 40 Broad Street, Boston. Mass. CONVERSE HILL W'lLLIAM B. PLUMER EDWARD H. LEARXARD HORACE H. SOULE CHARLES M. CUTLER \1NCENT M. WILSON JOHN B. CECIL JR. Serving the People of New England Since 1859 Issue of October 1962 - Vol. 27 No. 6 Published monthly at Th^ Courier Print Shop, Main St. Second Ciass Poitage Paid z,l War eh am. iVarpham. Massachusetts. Subscriptic Massachusetts Post Office. $3.50 per year FRESH FROM THE FIELDS Compiled by C. J. H. MASSACHUSETTS September came in with typical fall weather, ccol nights with bright, sunny days. First Shipment First harvest was on August 24, when a small section of one bog, which always ripens very early was harvested. Shipment was made that week to the midwest. Fruit Smaller Much fruit had turned out to be smaller than anticipated due chiefly to the dry summer. Many growers were inclined to hold off beginning as long as possible in view of the early September frost pattern and potential. Berries were growing in size and in weight and were taking on better color the longer harvest could be postponed. Rains There were gentle and fairly sus- tained rains on Sept. 5 and 6, which contributed somewhat to the size of about-to-be harvested berries. It was October weather, rather than the first of September and growers got their first real frost scare on the night of September 6 when there was a morning forecast of a 27 degree temperature, with a tolerance cf berries at 26. There were one or two 27s and 28s reported but no frost loss. Some growers, however, watched their bogs until an early hour. For the first ten days or so tem- peratures ran rather low there being a deficiency of 22. First cars of cranberries, shipped from Wareham were reported to have sold at $5.00 a quarter, F. O. B. General Harvest Sept. 10-11 Harvest began generally on Sep- tember 10 and 11, although there had been scattered harvesting be- fore. As picking began, it appeared many berries would be small, pre- sumably due largely to the dry sum- mer but of good color and quality, due probably to the fact the entire summer had been unusually ccol. Good crops seemed to be shaping up on many smaller bogs, and particu- larly on those which were not picked last year because of frcst damage. Prices paid machine operators and also "wheelers" generally, started at $1.50 an hour up to S2.00 an hour. This is in the approximate range of last season. There was some rain on the night of Sept. 17, but no real substantial amount. Mcnth was about normal in temperature, a plus ten. It had that far been mostly excellent pick- ing weather. Frosts And« Rains Harvesting continued fast until Sept. 20 when a warning was issued for probable frost, temperature 25: there was some wind that night al- though it died and there was some frost. The following night there was a warning of dangerous frcst 24-25. Temperatures of 22 and even 14 were reached, as there was no wind. That was the first general frost of the fall and there was damage on bogs which could not be flowed and did net have sprinklers. Water supplies were low. There were individual losses ranging to 25-30 percent, but Dr. Cress of the Experiment Station estimated the total loss as probably not more than 1 percent. There was light rain again on the 24th, halting much picking and again heavy rain en the night of the 26 and on the 27. This was needed to replenish water sjpplies, but harvest schedules were shot. Rainfall 4.65 This storm developed into a three- dav Ro"easter the first cf these win- AGENT FOR WIGGINS AIRWAYS BOG SERVICE AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS HAND SPRAYERS - TOOLS - POWER EQUIPMENT AUTHORIZED BRIGGS AND STRATTON SERVICE CENTER R. F. mmi & SON, INC. Cranberry Highway West Wareham, Mass. CY 5-1553 ter-type storms and before it had ended the total of precipitation for the otherwise dry month had been brought up to 4.65 inches with normal September rain 3.50. This rain and cool weather helped ripen late Howes. Month Cooler The month as a whole was coller than normal, a minus 41 degrees, but the frost loss for the entire period was less than one percent. Color, Size, Quality, Good By October first it appeared the Massachusetts crop might over-run the estimate of 740,000 barrels. At least that was the general in the harvest of Early Blacks and other early varieties. As of Oct. 1 the crop had been about 50 percent gathered in. Crop promised, in fact, not only perhaps to be the largest on record, but of unusually good keeping quality. Berries this year had an unusual good color, gloss and brightness. It appeared to be a large and "handsome" crop. Size was coming along unexpectedly good. NEW JERSEY Coldvs what other forms than canned sauce and fresh berries and cocktail we may be selling within five years? I am confident that new uses for cranberries will be devel- oped which will expand the market." They Can Expand The Garretsons can also expand their cranberry holdings. They own about 150 acres of land in all, and there are at least 20 more acres which have good cranberry potential. Are Stamp Collectors Although cranberry growing takes up most of the time of the Garret- son — they harvest late into the fall — they do have one absorbing hobby. That is stamp collecting. Especially does Mr. Garretson, Sr., have ail iinusuial anid large collieotiopi of) stamps, both U. S. and foreign. He has been at this many years and a good many of the stamps are from icountries all over the world, which he collected when he was in the selling end of the wooler fiusiness in Boston. FOR SALE 3 CROSLEY CHASSIS Ideal for Bog Buggies, boat or other tractor use. M. S. DUARTE Vineyard Haven, Mass. Tel. 1087 ^B 4 J Jdm 3rd and sister Sarah play on the bog. (Cranberries Photo) Eleven tl ^VrB So. K O O -w o &' •^ r 1^ ra^ ^ = = II • ^ C3 hSos 'c/2 t/3 ' -S^'S-' ■g ej -S c g » 'I! = W . ^^ £ t, t« c V S o > js Z U5 ^ i-H , x: re g o S i a; =-=. o X o y o v. « o d *- 4* 5 ill Twelve isisi^'^.. « E ^, t8 o A M .S3 S 5 ^ . ^ .2 p; s *» "S ^ ^-^ - « « s - 1 = ^ a « .V:; •=! ^ ® ^- "T .a :d -*^ .2 S s^ a li, .-« :'5 ca ? > s -« a ^ -^ — a "JDU c « a . .:#!= = — S 5U o ' ^ i. rt c _, :^ ^ t^ g • ■- 5 a « X a «J o . ■s; apfl-^u > OJ c S Q ' ^=|^a I— I i. aj p c Ci a « .S ^ ( lafir ^ «^ -^ ^^ISO Thirteen The restored 1775 Quaker Mceiing Piousf Doehlerts Live In Remodeled Meeting House Charles A. Doehlert, retired in 1059 as associate research staff specialist at the New Jersey Cran- 'berry-Blueberry Experiment Station and now named New Jersey field- man for the cranberry marketing or- der has been living contentedly in an ancient house, which he has had converted to a most vmusual dwell- ing. This home of the Doehlerts, Charlie and Irene, has been the center of much interest and visited by groups and individuals who wish- ed to see how the old Friends' Meet- ing House had been preserved for posterity and made into a home. Set amid tall trees, this old meeting house is on the Jackson-Jobstown road, with a mail address of Colum- bus Rd. It is known as the Old Springfield - Mattacopany Meeting liO'Use, the name coming from a tribe Oi Indians which once lived in the crea. The building, made of red brick, dates from 1775. It had not been in rteady vse as a rr^seting house since .31S. The Dcehlerts who are friends, 'co'- 373r in 1955. They had a dual puri;o e in this. One was to preserve the old structure, which was in dan?er of going to pieces fast, and (3 build for themselves a residence, unique in concept. Doehlert wanted a farm place to retire to, and in this he found it. The building Is 26 x 40 feet, two stories high with attic. Its walls are 18 inches thick. The exterior has scarcely been changed at all, merely restored. The interior has been left open and living room, with a huge fireplace spacious. There is a long, narrow living room, with a huge fireplace and in back of that a very modern kitchen area. (Cranberries Photo) There is wide hall space, a down- stairs bathroom with shower and a utility room. A gallery runs around three sides of the meeting house and this is now the second floor. There are three large bedrooms, with a complete bath on this floor. Open beams and most of the original old wookwork has been retained. The ceder planking is the original. The gallery is fumisHed with a pleasing combination of the old-fashioned and the new. The architects were Cope & Lip- pincott of Philadelphia. Once this building was used as a hospital by the British in the Revolu- tionary War. On a ceiling on the second floor is a vivid hand mark. This is said to be a blood stain made by the hand of a wounded soldier. Ample land surrounds the old meeting house and there is also a smaller house dating from 1800. The first school of the area was located near the Springfield Meeting House nd the school master lived in the mall dwelling. A unique feature that the Doeh- ^rts have, is a 99 year lease on an ncient burial ground in their baclc- ard. This is set apart by an iron ence, and the grass there is keipt mowed" by two sheep owned by he Doehlerts. Charlie, in season has a fair-sized arden which he tends, and as a lorticulturalist, does much work in tie area pruning ornamentals. Festival The Best Ever Bandon (Ore.) held its 16th annual and most successful Cranberry Har- vest September 28, 29, and 30. One feature was a parade held under sunny skies. The parade included floats entered in the school and com- mercial divisions as well as the civic division. Fast becoming an important part was the horse sec- tion, which featured both individual V, ^5>..i This shows the Furford Picker with its inventor, J. M. Furford of Grayland, Washington. Mr. Furford brought the machine East alone to display at the meeting of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers Assoc. East Wareham, Mass. (Cranberries Photo) riders and horse clulbs. Also adding prestige was the COos County Sher- iffs' Posse and the Bandon Broncs. Chosen Festival queen was Miss Carole Cameron. The darkihaired girl was sponsored by the Southwest Oregon Cranberry Club. She began her coronation speech with a peom and then told of the difficulties of growing the crop "Jim" Olson, 'Bandon grower, was the president of the Cranberry Festival Association. A floral float adorned by a huge ivhite cross, with the mscription "Christ, Center of Crangerry Par- ade," entered by the Bandon Minis- :;erial Association won first place in the Civic Division. First prize in ihe Commercial division went to Moore Mill and Lumber Company f:r float "Cloud 9," and second to the West- em Bank for a float "Cranberry Paradise." The "Mystery King," when unveil- ed proved to be Russell Ccnn. No one had guessed his identity. Events included besides the parade and the Harvest Festival Ball, a horse show, football game and a Cranberry Fair, which demonstrated the use of cranberries in pastry, °auces and salads. JEES CHANGE WORK m HOT WEATHER Bees may spend more /time cooling theiir hives than produioing bcney or pollinaifcing crops when tempierait/ures exceed 100 degrees F., a USD A stud^/ hais isCiown. (Cooling is done iby the bees flappiinig .tbeiir wings to evaipo^ irate waiter th-ey take into the hives.) And as air temipeiratures climb albove 100 degrees, Ibees use moio wiater for oooiliinlg hives tiban when temperatures are below ICO' degrees. ARS agrioultuiral engineer C. D. Owens and aigriouiltuiriist A. W. Wood- row discovered this in reseiarch at 'Tucison, Ainizona. They a'sD founid that bee cotonaes die within 24 boors when no water is availafoile and air temperaitures exceed 100 degrees. In (me test where the outside tem- peraifjure was 100 degrees or more land waiter wias wibhiheld several hours, hive temperatures dropped 8 or 9 degrees wiibhin 3 hours after waiter was miade avaiilalble. These re- sulits are based on only one year of reseandh. Third Cranberry Delegation Goes To Europe Fresh Cranberries Being In- troduced in England with Big Christmas "Push" Hoped For. The third visit to Europe by a cranberry delegation as part of the continuing project with the Foreign Marketing Service of the United States Department of Agriculture began Oct. 4, and continued into the week of the 15th. Those making the trip were Orrin G. CoUey, president of the Cranberry Institute and Will- iam Stillwell, advertising manager of Ccean Spray, on "loan" to the Institute. The project is one for the develop- ment of a market for fresh fruit cranberries in Western Europe. Funds are provided, in part, in foreign currency by the USDA. This visit was to London and England only. Mr. Colley returning Oct. _^> re- ported prospects for the development of a European market as "good," but it will be a long-range project. He said the American cranberry is all but totally unknown to the aver- age English family, and there must be a program of education. An ad- vertising and public relations firm has been retained in England, this being G. Street & Co., Ltd. of Lon- don. This firm will engage in publi- city releases, conduct test markets, give demonstrations and has dis- play pieces for stores plus adver- tising. The Institute had a booth at the London Food Fair in the United States Trade Center, along with about 20 other American products. This ran from Oct. 1 to Oct. 26. The fair is primarilly for the caterers trade, an improtant factor in Eng- land, he said. Contacts were made with the English food trade, and samples given out. Two shipments of about 1000 cases were in England, arriving in good condition and have gone on sale. More shipments are to be made and Mr. Colley said it was hoped a big push could be conducted from now until Christmas. These were Ocean Spray berries. Ocean Spray has also sent 1250 cases to Brussels and 500 to Rotterdam, in addition to the shipments to London, Stanley Ben- son of Ocean Spray says a part of the shipment to Ireland may go into sauce processed there. Colley continues enthusiastic of European prospects, as he and other cranberrymen in the past who have to Europe. O. S, Johnson Named Head Cape Extension Cscar S. Johnson, Centervilie, who has been county agricultural agent for the past fifteen years has been named Manager-County Agent of Barnstable Extension Service to suc- ceed Edward K. Knapp. Mr. Knapp, who has been head of the Barnstable office for several years resigned, effective September 30 to take a post at the University of Massachusetts. Mr. Johnson, who is well and favorably known to Massachusetts cranberry growers was hired in 1^7 by the Board of the Cape Cod Ex- tension Service mainly for the pur- pose of working with the home gar- dens. He gradually was given re- sponsibility of all horticultural crops, until in 1959 he was handling all agricultural work, including cranber- ries, with the exception of livestock and poultry. He began working with the Cape cranberry growers in 1953 and has had that project since, work- ing closely with members of the Massachusetts Cranberry Experiment Station staff. He will continue to work these pro- jects, plus the administration of the office and supervision of 4-H and Home Economics until another man is provided to take over the agricul- tural end. Mr. Johnson is a native Cape Codder and was bom and lived all his life in Centervilie except for his college work and much time in the U.S. Army. He is married to the former Elizabeth Gilman of West Barnstable and the couple has three children, John 12, Susan 15, and Karen, 19. Karen is married to James Kalweit of Barnstable and is em- ployed in the Registry of Probate office at Barnstable. Mr. Johnson is a graduate of the Univel'sity of Rhode Island. He served in the Second World War in the European theatre. He was called up again for the Korean crisis with a Cape area Army Na- tional Guard unit and served 30 months. He is a lieutenant in the Reserve and was called up again for 11 months of duty with the National Guard at Fort Bragg, North Caro- lina, returning to county service work in August. ''Sundae It With Cranberries" Ocean Spray's fall campaign got off to a running start this month with full-page full- color ads in American Home, Good Housekeep- ing, Ladies Home Journal and Mc- Calls magazines. The campaign will continue with the same intensity through next month and December, with an extra bonus, November 5th when Life will carry a two-page spread also in full color. Fall and the hohday period are the peak of cranberry sales. In the ads there is an eye-catching cranberry red background. The mes- sage in one line slogans; "Next Time Its Ice Cream" — Sundae It with Cranberries." The advertising is being backed by Ocean Spray with an extensive publicity program. Offered to grocers are tie-in display pieces, pole displays, case cards, shelf strips, shelf talkers and im- print cards. CRANBERRIES PROVIDES A NEEDED MEDIUM OF INFORMATION FOR ALL GROWERS ****** -— - USDA Buys Ocean Spray Berries For School Lunch Program The fresh frmt bid of Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. for 394,000 cases of cranberries has been accepted by the United States Department of i^riculture for use in the school lunch program. This is nearly 100,000 barrels as the fruit is packed in 25 lb containers. This about equals the purchase miade last year for the same purpose. The bid was $13.20 a barrel, but there is no packaging material cost or cost of packaging and in cran- berry sales in one pound containers, which is considered in line with the $17 fresh fruit price current. Total amount of this single sale is about $1,300,000. Ocean Spray also reports the sale of canned products this fall is pro- ceeding very well as is the sale of fresh fruit with the price being held steady by the cooperative. iYesih sales are well ahead of last year, but last year sales were delayed be- cause of the late start in harvesting. UMass Trustees Hold Meeting At Cranberry Station The Board of Trustees of the University of Massachusetts, includ- ing President John W. Lederle, Sce- tary of Massachusetts Agriculture, Charles McNamara, and Dean Ar- less A. Spielman, Dean of the Col- lege of Agriculture, honored the Massachusetts Cranberry Experi- ment Station Sept. 12, by holding a meeting there. This was the first visit of the board as such to the station at East Wareham, and one of the purposes was to acquaint the members with the working of the Station and the cranberry industry. The University of Massachusetts, this year is observing its 100th anni- versary along with the United States Department of Agriculture. The East ADVERTISE IN CRANBERRIES MAGAZINE Eighteen Wareham Experiment Station and the Waltham Field Station are the only two field stations in the state. Trustee meetings have been held at Waltham previously, but never be- fore at Wareham. Dr. C. E. Gross, Director of the Station was host and the nine major research workers there were inter- viewed by the trustees. The various departments were visited after the board had conducted its business session. Cranberry harvest was in progress and was viewed by the board members. The event closed with an "old fashioned" clambake complete from steamied clams, through lobster and fish to cranberry juice and water- melon. (Continued from Page 6) ^resh From The Fields WISCONSIN Cold — Many Frosts Cool, wet weather continued through September marking the 4th straight month of below normal tem- peratures and above normal precipi- tation. The month brought the end of summer in a most dramatic fash- ion when severe cold the night of the 21st brought the growing season to a halt with readings as low as 12 degrees reported at Phillips. During that week frosts were reported 6 out of 7 nights. For the record temps were from 3 to 4 degrees below nor- mal and rainfall almost double the 3 and V2 inches. The outlook for October calls for normal tempera- tures and precipitation, with normals being 52 degrees in the south to 48 in the north and precipitation just over 2 inches. Frost Every Month Summing up the 1%2 growing sea- son it started off well with May averaging 4 to 5 degrees above nor- mal. Generally soil moisture was adequate except on the sand marsh- es, when irrigation was needed in June. The period showed almost 3^ degrees below normal temperature and precipitation about half again as much as normal. Frost was re- ported somewhere in the state every month of the summer. The number of 90 degree days was well below average. The pattern ran seasonable daytime temps, but nights were gen- erally cool. Fall storms were more common and more damaging than in any recent years. The Cranmoor area along the Manitowish area both received damaging hail storms in July and August. The Cranmoor area including the Wisconsin River marsh- es suffered the most. Insects and disease were under control, but it was a terrific year for grass growth. Smaller than normal berry size caused by the cool, wet summer and with loses from hail and frosts along with some granular 24D damage has caused quite a drop in the state crop from last year and below esti- mate for this year. It appears doubt- ful if the state crop will exceed 375,- 000 barrels. Use Of Chemicals (Continued from Page 2) beseiged with pleas for help could only issue advisories to rake and burn, to plant late and early, to seek the more resistant strains. But when insects and disease took over there was no recourse. "So the farmers planted and culti- vated, and too often the result was garbage." The article goes on that "food and fur animals weren't the only ones that died to the hum of insects, that year (the year pesticides were not used). Man, too sickened and he died." It tells of outbreaks of malaria, bubonic plague, yellow fever and other diseases raging because germs borne by insects and rodents would be widespread. "Pesticides are essential to main- tain and improve our food supplies and our public health; they must be thoroughly pre-tested and wisely used." Article quotes: "During years of investigation, it has been impossible to confirm the allegation that in- secticides, when properly used, are the cause of any disease either of man or animal," Dr. Wayland J. Hayes, Jr., Public Health Service, U. S. Department of Health', Educa- tion and Welfare says. In conclusion the articles says that "the terrible things about the "Deso- late Year" is this: it's events are not built on fantasy. They are true." fidjt>sjal5 ISSUE OF OCTOBER 1962 VOL. 27 - NO. 6 — . , — , — ._.. , „ — ^ INSTITUTE ACHIEVEMENTS The third delegation from the cran- berry industry, operating through the Cranberry Institue has made a trip to Eu- rope to pave the way for a market there for American cranberries. Prospects con- tinue bright for this almost totally new outlet. Of course our main outlet, domestic markets, will always be the big sale, and should be continually pushed by Ocean Spray and the few remaining indepen- dents. But a strong Western Europe mar- ket could be a tremendous help particular- ly in fresh fruit sales, which at present seems to be the best form for cranberries to be sold there. The fact this promotion is being made through the Cranberry Institute, working ^vith the United States Department of Agri- culture should not be overlooked. The In- stitute as it has functioned since its origin represents almost the entire body of cran- berry marketing and grovv^ing. At least this is the situation up to now. It is the only organization which can speak for all the cranberry industry, or almost all. As such, it has accomplished things which could not otherwise have been done. It has establishd contacts for the in- dustry in Washington with the USDA and other bodies. We can never forget the $10,- 000,000 indemnity the industry received because of the unnecessary "cranberry scare," of 1959, or the tremendous amount of valuable publicity given to the cranberry industry to stimulate its recovery. Then there is the matter of fresh cranberries for school lunches. The matter of the single sale of 100,000 barrels last year was un- doubtedly the largest sale in the history of cranberries. There is the similar school lunch program again this year. Should federal or even state legislation concern- ing the cranberry industry come up the in- stitute would be the only body which could represent the industry in its entirety. We knovv^ there has been and is even more criticism in regard to the marketing order, directed towards the Institute. It v/ould seem its efforts are well worth the few cents a barrel which it costs the indi- vidual grower. Today most industries have such a body. This applies to manufacturing and to agriculture, the Apple Institute and others come immediately to mind and the CLARENCE J. HALL Editor and Publisher EDITH S. HALL— Associate Editor Wareham, Massachusetts SUBSCRIPTIONS, $3.50 Per Year, FOREIGN, $4.50 CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin LEO A. SORENSON Cranberry Consultant Wisconsin Rapids Wisconsin Washington Dr. CHARLES C. DOUGHTY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. Oregon GRANT SCOTT Coquille, Ore. Massachusetts Dr. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. New Jersey P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey good work they are doing for their mem- bers. Probably most growers are fully aware of the growing nation-wide contro- versy over the general use of agricultural chemicals in pest control. This has been largely occasioned by the three articles and the book releases this month "Silent Spring" by Miss Rachel Carson. It is gen- erally conceded that this eminent author and biologist is no alarmist for sensational purposes. However, many of her charges in her apparently genuine alarm for man- kind are being refuted. It is felt her fears are vastly exaggerated. We publish re- views of two of these refutations and there are a number of others. SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS Statement required by the Act of August 24, 1912, as amended by the acts of March 3, 1933, July 2, 1946 and June 1!, 1960 (74 Stat. 208) showing the ownership, management, and circulation of CRANBERRIES, The National Cran- berry Magazine' published monthly at Wareham, Massachusetts for October, J962. 1. The names and addresses of the publisher, editor, managing editor, and business manage'rs are: Publisher — ^Clarence J. F. Hall, Ware- ham, Mass. Editor — ^Clarence J. F. Hall, Wareham, Mass. Managing editor — Clar- ence J. F. Hall, Wareham, Mass. Busi- ness manager — Clarence J. F. Hall, Ware- ham, Mass. 2. The owner is: Clarence J. F. Hall, Wareham, Mass. 3. The known bondholders, mortga- gees, and other se'curity holders owning or holding 1 percent or more of total amount of bonds, mortgages, or other securities are: None. 4. Paragraphs 2 and 3 included ,n case's where the stockholder or security holder appears upon the books of the company as trustees or in any other fiduciary relationship, the name of the person or corporation for whom such trustee' is acting; also the statements in the two paragraphs show the affiant's lull knowledge and belief as to the cir- cumstances and conditions under which stockholders and security holders who do not appe'ar upon the books of the company as trustee's, hold stock and securities in a capacity other than that of a bona tide owner. 5. The average number of copies of each issue' sold or distributed through the mails or otherwise, to paid subscribers during the 12 months preceding the date shown above was: 600. CLARENCE J. HALL Signature of Editor Sworn to and subscribed before' me this 28th day of September. 1962. MORRILL S. RYDER JR. (My Commission expires December 23, 1965.) ii!eiii;aiiiisi^:i^i;ii^i,iis;iii^iiii^iiii^niigi!!iige:iii^ READ CRANBERRIES MAGAZINE !iriaini@!l!;Silll@:tl!^'!il^:lilO:;!iSll!l^:i!lSS!!l!@:!lll SPRINKLER SYSTEMS PUMPS HIGH CAPCITY WELLS ROBERTS IRRIGATION SERVICE STEVENS POINT WISCONSIN WISCONSIN HEADQUARTERS FOR INSECTICIDES — FUNGICIDES HERBICIDES DUSTS — WETTABLE POWDERS — EMULSIONS PARATHION — MALTHION FERBAM — SIMAZINE DITHANE M - 22 (Maneb) WEED RHAP 20 Hopkins Agricultural Chemical Co. P. O. BOX 584 MADISON, WISCONSIN Phon« ALpin* 7-1019 INDIAN TRAIL, Inc. WORKING— MERCHANDIZING— SELLING WISCONSIN-GROWN CRANBERRIES 12 Month* of the Year Moving FRESH — FROZEN— — CANNED & JUICE — Striving always to move TOP-QUAL- ITY products at TOP PRICES for bet- ter returns to WISCONSIN Growers. P. 0. BOX 710, WIS. RAPIDS, WIS. Twenty SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS FOR SALE SEARLES JUMBO HOWES, McFARLIN Vines for delivery in 1962 $125.00 Ton F.O.B. INTERESTED IN PURCHASING WISCONSIN CRANBERRY PROPERTIES ■«******«*4 Vernon Goldsworthy B.S. & M,S. ' University of Wisconsin Cranberry Consultant Fees Reasonable EAGLE RIVER WISCONSIN \'»J'*Wi'.jf^i,'^« ' DANA MACHINE & SUPPLY Co. Wis. Rapids Wis. MFGS. of: SPRAY BOOMS GRASS CLIPPERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS G«tsinger Retracto tooth pickers Dryers DISTR. of: VEE BEaLTS & PULLEYS ROLLER CHAINS SPROCKETS & BEARINGS CONVEYOR BELTING STEEL A complete line of Sprinkler Irriga- tion fc- Frost and Drought Protec- tion. Can or Will Help Finance FRANKES mRIGATION 523 Post Rd., (Hy. 51 S«.) Stevens Point, Wisconsin OUR PRODUCTS Spiced Cranberries Cranberry Chilli Sauce Strained Cranberry Sauce Whole Cranberry Sauce Cransweets Cranberry Bar-B-Q Sauce 13iced Cransweets Cranberry Orange Relish Cranberry Apple Sauce Cranberry Vinegar Cranberry-Strawberry Preserves Cranberry Juice Cranberry-Cherry Preserves Cran-Beri Cranberry-Pineapple Preserves Cran-Vari Cranberry-Raspberry Preserves Cran-Puri Cranberry-Rhubarb Preserves Cranberry Puree Cranberry-Gooseberry Preserves Cran-Bake Sliced and Whole Maraschino Cranberries Consumer Size & Bulk Fresh Cranberries Cranberry Products, Inc. EAGLE RIVER, WISCONSIN CORRUGATED CULVERT PIPE oiul FLOW GATES FelkerBros. Mfg.Co. MARSHFIELD WISCONSIN Phone 230 - 231 WISCONSIN CRANBERRY GROWERS are using nioro Signature FertHJzer year afttr yoar • Pelletized • Homogeneous • Dustless • Free-Flowing • 50 lb. Bags E. RAUH & SONS FERTILIZER CO. Indianapolis & Plymouth, Ind. YOU Are reading this ad. Others will read yours in CRANBERRIES Magazine 1^9 Ocean Spray Ocean Spray £ 'Ocean /. Itpray-^ Ocean Spray ^ELLieo ^ IN CRANBERRY HISTORy '-BCFOLL- : COLORADSN ':- TOP MAGAZ NES -NJyST3M0S, • selling Ocean Spray to 60,000,000 women - 7 out of 10 of your customers! • designed to create more and more demand for Ocean Spray and for high-profit related items! HERE'S THE SCHEDULE. ..EVERY AD SELLS MORE OCEAN SPRAY AND MORE RELATED ITEMS FOR YOU American Home Good Housekeeping Ladies' Home Journal McCall's Life OCTOBER Ocean Spray & Fried Chici^en^^ Ocean Spray & Pancakes Ocean Spray & Ice Cream Ocean Spray & TV Dinner* NOVEMBER Ocean Spray & Turkey* Ocean Spray & Turkey* Ocean Spray & Turkey* Ocean Spray & Turkeys- Ocean Spray & Turkey* DECEMBER Ocean Spray & Pancakes Ocean Spray & TV Dinner* Ocean Spray & Fried Chicken* Ocean Spray & Omelet* *JELLIED SAUCE | Your Ocean Spray representative has full-color, Ocean Spray advertising impact right into your point-of-sale material that brings the powerful store! Sells both cranberries and turkey! GET YOUR SHARE OF THE BIG FALL VOLUME- ORDER NOW AND DISPLAY Ocean Spray tVINC A 520,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY APE COD lEW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON CANADA PILGRIMS May Have Eaten Cranberries In House Like this at Thanksgivin] (CRANBERRIES Phot( 35 Cents NOVEMBER 1962 DIRECTORY For CRANBERRY GROWERS I Wcrcester Paper Box Corporatior MEDFORD, MASS. Tel. MYstIc 8-5305 Manufacturers of Folding Cartons and Displays PREFABRICATED FLUMES Straightline Pumps Bog Railroads For Rent CONSULTANT On Water Problems RUSSELL A. TRUFANT North Carver, Mass. Tel. UNion 6-C696 The 1 CHARLES W. HARRIS! Company i 1 451 Old Somerset Ave. | North Dighton, Mass. | AMES 1 Irrigation Systems | Sprinklers | Weed killers | Insecticides = Fungicides = from 1 Kiekeiis - Duster and Sprayers 1 WATER WHITE KEROSENE For use on Cranberry Bogs Also STODDARD SOLVENT Prompt Delivery Service Franconia Coal Co. — Inc. — Wareham, Mass. Tel. CY 5-0039 EQUIPMENT HAYDEN - SEPARATOR - WAREHAM, MASS. Irrigation Systems PUMPS SEPARATORS - BLOWERS SCREENHOUSE EQUIPMENT DARLINGTON PICKING MACHINES Wareham Savings Bank WAREHAM and FALMOUTH Savings Account! Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxe« to Rent Phone CYpress 5-3800 Kimball 8-3000 The National Ba Conveniently located nk of Wareham for Cranberry Men Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK ALFRED PAPPI At Scre«nhouses. Boss amd Pump. Means Sati.facti«i WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. CY 5-2000 Funds always avail able for sound loans SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES Complete Ba nking Service Member Federal De ^sit iBaoramee 0*a^ ANNOUNCEMENT The directors of the Cranberry In- stitute met last month and discussed several matters. One was the set- ting of the assessment through hand- lers to growers for Institute activi- ties, this being placed at three cents per barrel on the 1962 crop produc- tion. The directors, voted as one of its services to the cranberry industry, to subscribe to Cranberries Maga- zine for one year to all known cran- berry growers of the country. The directors felt the cranberry industry needs an industry-wide means of communication to all growers. As Cranberries Magazine has been in existence circulating through the industry since May, 1936 it was se- lected as an already established medium, and as being the most efficient and economical means of doing this. Because of savings in bookkeeping costs in such a group subscription, we offered this at a reduced rate over single subscrip- tions. This means that, beginning this month, a subscription to every known grower is being begun for one year, this to begin in the case of our pres- ent subscribers with the month their present subscription would ordinari- ly expire. Cranberries Magazine will continue, of course, as an independent publi- cation with the same independent editorial and news coverage policies, with one exception. This is, that with this increased readership, we will endeavor to make it even better in scope. We have now published 318 issues, one every month, with the single ex- ception of one when a hurricane damaged the plant of the Wareham Courier, where the printing is done. We will continue with monthly news coverage of each of the cran- berry areas, general developments affecting the cranberry industry, fea- ture articles concerning individual growers or cranberry properties, tell- ing what "the other fellow" is doing as we have for nearly 27 years; in- cluding cultural or other papers from the cranberry experiment stations of other sources of the researchers, which we believe are of much value to the growers. In the current issue tnere is an instance of this, an arti- cle by Prof. "Stan" Norton on har- vesting costs in two areas. We beheve we have helped growers in the past to become better growers, to help increase production through this dissemantion of cranberry news and will continue to do so. Incidentally, we have always be- lieved that the cranberry growers need this over-ail body of the Insti- tute, made up of cooperative and independent handlers and canners, just as most other industries have such a body to promote the best in- terests of all within that industry. We are aware there are differences of opinion regarding the value of the Institute. But, we would point out, as we have on a number of oc- casions editorally in the past the Institute has been of tremendous help to the growers. Without an In- stitute to spearhead the action we TAKE ADVANTAGE of the BETTER things of life. The efficient USE OF ELECTRICITY is one of these better things — efficient use in power for cran- berry bog operations, and in the home. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM CYpress 5-0200 PLYMOUTH Pilgrim 6-1300 would never have obtained the $10,- 000,000 indemnity following the "cran- berry scare" of 1959, which did much to save the industry, nor the two lCO,000-barrel school lunch program, each of these representing about $1,300,000; or the cooperation of the USDA in the continuing development of the vast potential of a European market for American cranberries. The Institute can speak for more ban 95 percent of production, and is ready to aid the industry in any fu- ture developments. As we have said, we do believe the magazine has been of value to the industry in promoting better understanding of our common pro- blems and a feeling of friendship among growers; after all cranberries is a relatively small industry and we are only a small magazine. If, in the make-over of our mailing lists any of our previous subscribers fail to receive their copy, we trust they will notify us immediately and if any other grower does not receive a copy, please notify us or Cran- berry Institute at South Duxbury, Mass. Also, if a grower is also re- ceiving duplicate copies we request we be notified. Market Committee Adopts Formula Principals of the Cranberry Mar- keting Order Committee meeting at Logan Airport Motel, East Boston Tuesday Oct. 23, concerned itself with two matters chiefly, one a change in inventory reports which have been made on a weekly basis, and the other, more important, con- cerning a price at which berries in the restricted pool may be "bought back" by a handler, if he feels he can sell more free berries. The committee adopted a formula for this which is based on the current WE WERE GRATIFIED When a grower who had plac- ed 2 small ads in CRANBER- RIES telephoned and said both ads had brought him the re- sults he wanted on the very first day the magazine was out. SHARON BOX COMPANY, INC. ESTABLISHED ISSS SHARON, MASSACHUSETTS We Will Buy Your White Pine Logs, Either Standing or Cut • Highest Prices Paid • Sawmill located at North Carver, Mass. Office Phones: Sharon, SU 4-2011 Carver. UN 6-2234 If You Want A Good Flume At A Low Cost Use All Heart Redwood 6x8 60,000 Ft. on hand for Prompt Delivery 6x6 — 4x6 — 4x4 Planking - Square Edged or Matched 2x6 2x8 2x 10 2x 12 SEND FOR YOUR FREE FOLDER ON THE "DURABILITY OF REDWOOD" E. W. Goodhue Lumber Co., Inc. MIDDLEBORO ROAD EAST FREETOWN, MASS Phones Rockwell 3-8811 — Middleboro 1275 Hold full flavor in your cranberry pack PRODUCTS COMPANY Manufacturers of fine products for the food industry . . . and popular Best Foods Division grocery brands for the consumer. market price of fresh cranberries and on the average cost of preparing and packaging this fresh fruit in the chaff. Current price for fresh fruit was $17 a barrel and the cost was estimated at $5.30, which left a figure of $10.50 for canning stock and $10.70 for the fresh. This price is subject to fluctuations up or down as the price might move. It was voted to change the inven- tory reports from weekly to Nov. 1, Nov. 15, Dec. 1 and Jan. 1. A handler, wanting more berries to sell on the free market may apply to the Committee, naming the figure he is willing to pay for this "buy back" and if this is approved he may then make the purchase. It was reported at the meeting that handlers to that date had re- ceived 531,372 barrels, the withhold- ing had totalled 29,193, 27,364 had been disposed of and there were ap- proximately 1000 barrels being held. A total of 738 barrels had so far reached Europe. It was voted the Committee, through Manager Tony Briggs, ap- point a field man in Washington and Oregon each to act on a perdiem basis in the case of need. OUR COVER Photo shows one of the PUgrim houses (Warren House) as restored in about the 1627 period at the exact restoration at Plimouth Plantation in Plymouth, Mass. A guide dressed in authentic Pilgrim costume is shown at the gate. Actually little is historically known concerning this so-called "First Thanksgiving," and there seems to be no known record that Pilgrims ever ate cran- berries, but as cranberries grew wild all about and the Pilgrims made use of natural resources of the area it can only be assumed, in logic, that they did. PEANUTS L\ BANDON Bandon, Oregon, which is the cen- ter of the Oregon craiiberry growing also grows peanuts. One man, Willard Streets, has grown a crop of the tubers in his garden on Two-Mile Road. He bought seeds and planted them in rows one at a time as he does peas. They germinated, thrived and he now has a cix»p. He found the soil conducive to peanuts and plans another crop next year. Mass. Cranberry Station and Field Notes by CHESTER E. CROSS Director The Harvest The harvest is in for Mass. cran- berry growers, and it is only fair to say: "most growers are all in." George Rounsville presided over the frost warning system with his usual assurance and insight, issued twice as many warnings this fall as a year ago, and to help those whose harvest was still incomplete, kept the system going a full week into November when formulas are lacking for ac- curate calculation of bog minimum temperatures. Any criticism of the cut-off date should be dh-ected to the writer. George, I am happy to say, has left us for a well-earned vaca- tion and rest. The harvest began in earnest on September 10, a full week earlier than a year ago. Weather was ex- cellent, berries were ripe and sound beyond expectation, and enormous quantities of fruit soon piled up. It was not until September 20-21 that frost called a partial halt to picking. Then delays were occasioned by a shortage of harvest boxes. Some of the Howes crops were very heavy and were borne on heavy vine growth. These were not ripe enough for harvest when the Early Black picking was largely finished by the first of October. The weather after October 20th can only be called "impossible" for dry harvesting. When it was warm, it was wet; sind when it was clear, it was frosty. Now is the time to design plans for a more efficient and timely harvest for another year. Fresh Fruit Quality Relatively few growers in Mass. screen their own berries. For this reason, I am directing the following comments to Mass. growers in par- ticular. There is a striking difference in the appearance of machine-picked berries after a few weeks of storage. At the time of harvest, on« notices a scattering of sliced, groved or squashed berries on the surface of each box of machine-picked berries, but in general the berries look fine- especially so this year. At this point most growers lose sight of their berries and do not see them again. It is almost impossible to screen freshly-p i c k e d, machine-harvested berries and remove the bruised ber- ries. Small and large bruises are hard to see when the bruising has occurred recently. But if these ber- ries are used in the first-round ship- ments they are unlikely to look well two weeks later. Softening often de- velops where the berry was bruised. Scar tissue develops in two to three weeks on the edges of a bruise and wherever the skin of the berry is broken. This development detracts seriously from the appearance of the berries on the produce oounterslSnd may delay consideralbly tlie iffe<»iid(er- ing of berries by the produce man- agers. .. -^ Wherever p>ossible, screenhouse op- erators choose scooped berries for screening for fresh fruit. It is a pity that each grower in Massachusetts cannot have the experience of screen- ing in early November one box of machine-picked Early Blacks and one box of scooped Early Blacks from the same section of bog. The experi- ence would be most salutary. We are not presenting to our cus- tomers a very attractive product.' As years pass the appearance of bur product tends to worsen. Each year, fewer of our berries are picked, by cccoo and more are picked by "ma- chine. In the case of the Darlington picker, vines are getting thicker and bruising increases wdth the density of vines at the picking bar. In heavily fertilized vines picked by Western Pickers, the separation of vines and berries on a screen or blower tends to produce berries that are also bruised. Surely the machine harvest is less expensive and quicker 'than with scoops, but the object is that of selling our cranberries, and we must somehow produce what customers will buy. CARDNER-BROOKS INC. Subsidiary of Diamond National 140 Wilbraham Avenue Springfield, Mass. ^ manufacturers of labels, folding cartons, box wrappers, counter dis- plays, booklets, folders, inserts and other Packag- ing Products, and Merchandising Materials. producers of can and bottle labels for Ocean Sprayj Cranberries, Inc. -^-rJ: TllTf* It is my opinion that we are slowly kjsing our fresh fruit market, not because people do not want fresh berries any longer but because they eannot find prime quality fruit to buy. Americans have learned to be very choosey in buying fresh produce. Tliey have become accustomed to blemish-free oranges, apples, cher- ries, pears and the rest. Somehow they expect when buying cranber- ries to get sound firm fruit, and if they don't they turn to other pro- ducts that are. We need in the worst way a mea- sure of cranberry quality. With such a measure the difference between a pwfect berry and a bruised one could be reflected in the price paid the grower. Until such a measure is developed and then used to provide an incentive for the production and handling of fine fruit, the overall quaUty of our crop will tend toward the minimum acceptable standard. Bog Management Tips It's time to prune the areas which produced runners this year. It will help next year's harvest to have them out of the way. Spot fertilize the hard-bottom spots where vines are thin. We recommend a 1-2-1 ratio at a rate to give 10-15 lbs. of nitrogen per acre. Well-fed CRANBERRY PICKING BOXES Shocks, or Nailed Let me repair your broker boxes — or repair them yourself. Stock Always on Hand F. H. COLE Tel. Union 6-8330 North Carver, Mass. Western Pickers Parts and Repairs Agent for 1962 Model ORDER NOW J. E. BRALEY & SON MACHINE SHOP 78 Gibbs Ave Wareham, Mass. HAVE YOUR REPAIRS DONE NOW vines stand the rigors of winter bet- ter. Sanding and ditch-cleaning are in order for this cool season. Sand only where the winter flood can be put en in the event of very cold weather. We recommend delaying the win- ter flood until two inches of frost is in the ground and really severe con- ditions develop. Next month I hope to write about winter flood management and its re- lation to spring frosts. Ocean Spray '61 Pool Closes $8.14 Ocean Spray has closed the 1961 pool, it was announced at a meeting of Ocean Spray growers, conducted by Massachusetts directors of the co-op at Wareham High School Nov. 14. The figure named is "about $8.14," the matter of a cent or two to be determined by final bookkeep- ing. With dividends and retains this was reported as netting the mem- ber^grower $8.65 or a little better than 1960. In Massachusetts from this woulc Le deducted about 60 cents a barrel for screening, with sc'rri'3 o:her "Yign^ adjustments in other areas. Discussed at this meeting was the acute box situation which developed during the harvest season, and par- ticularly fruit quality. Consensus of opinion was that a price incentive should be given to growers who pro- duce quality fruit. It was pointed ou' better quality is needed in the fresh market. Ocean Spray directors met the week before at Hanson, and ths clos- ing of the 1931 pool was discussed. Payment of this final sum is ex- pected early December. Next fall there will be the usual advance of $5.50 a barrel. Next meeting of the directors is tj be in January. Howes Open At $8M A Quarter Late Massachusetts and Wisconsin Howes were advanced from $4.25 a quarter to $4.50 on November 9th by Ocean Spray. Mass. Blacks remain- ed at $4.25 as did Washington Mc- Farlins. New Jersey fruit was re- ported all sold out as was Oregon fruit. This meant $18.00 Howes for the Thanksgiving and later markets. Sales were reported as "very good," ahead of last year for the holidays to date. Nov. Estimate Makes Slight Cut In '62 Crop The November USDA crop report has cut the estimate of October of 1,398,000 by 43,100 to 1,354,800, but .•rtill a huge crop. Massachusetts is still given 770,000, with the state record in 1960 of 805,- COO; Wisconsin has been cut from 400,000 to 380,000; New Jersey is cut i-om 108,000 to l(,2,OO0; Washington is cut from 86,000 to 74,800, and Ore- gon is cut from 34,000 to 28,000. Thus Massachusetts is the only State to hold up, and many unofficial estimates are iL' my go some- what higher than the 770,000. Ocean Spray directors at the November meeting, after a careful study of all areas, came to the conclusion the total crop might be cut up to 130,000 barrels due to shrinkages in V/isconsin, Washington and Oregon, considerable shrinkage in the two f.rmer. From Wisconsin come unofficial estimates that the crop there may r.ot run over 350,000 and in Washing- t:;n, (as reported in another brief icem elsewhere,) there is doubt the crop will go above 50,000. Unfavorable weather is blamed for the shrinkages, weather having been particularly adverse in Wisconsin and in Washington for some months. Bud is reported as not particularly good for 1962 in either Massachusetts or Wisconsin, but this can be over- come if favorable weather comes along. CRANBERRIES PROVIDES A NEEDED MEDIUM OF INFORMATION FOR ALL GROWERS your {^ *J^mCRAKBE...,,,^^^^. Issue of November 1962 — Vol. 27 No. 7 Published monthly at Th^ Courier Print Shop, Main St.. Wareham Second Class Poilase Paid at Wareham. Massachusetts. Massacnusetts Subscriptions $3.60 per year. it Office. FRESH FROM THE FIELDS Compiled by C J. H. MASSACHUSETTS storms October began slightly warmer than normal, with favorable harvest- ing conditions for the first few days. Then came a terrible New England northeaster which dumped 8 to 10 inches of rain in some areas, caused losses in the millions and 20 deaths. However, most of the Southeastern Massachusetts cranberry region was not as hard hit. At the same time the tropical Storm, Hurricane Daisy, passed close to the shore and added more rain, torrential at times. There was no bog flooding. Rainfall as re- corded at Cranberry Station for the period of the hurricane passing was 4.72 inches. This, of course had the effect of adding to water supplies which were not too adequate up to that date. There had been an almost simihar but less violent storm in late September. More Rail! Harvest resumed but was inter- rupted again on the 9th and there was still more rain on the 10. Frost Warnings There were two more frost warn- ings on October 12 and 13. Harvest, of course, was delayed once more, even though the frost did not develop most growers flooded and held over to the second night. "Murder" On Harvest The last week was real "murder" to the harveJsting of the crop. There were frequent and severe frosts with temperatures in the low and middle teens, necessitating flowing. This hampered picking the next day. When there were no frosts there were rains. Almost no berries were har- vested during the last week of the month. Winter Weather Winter weather struck with a ven- geance in an early stab the last week of October. The ground in the cranberry area was whitened on the afternoon and night of the 26th. In Maine there was a snowfall of about a foot. This is extremely early for snow, although last year there were a few flakes mixed with rain on the 15th. Downpour There was a downpour on the last day of October, as "much as 3.75 inches being recorded at two points on the Cape. Total for the month, as recorded at Cranberry 'Experiment Station, East Wareham was 6.52 inches, which did not include all the rain of the final day. Average for October is 3.74. October went down in Boston weather records as the second- heaviest ever, with the single exception of 1887. This built up am- ple suppUes for after harvest "clean- up" floods and winter flowage when ic comes time for that. Cold Month The month began relatively mild and continued so until after the middle. But on one or two days of the last week temperatures were as much as 10 degrees below normal and this brought the record for the month as a minus 24. Picking Into November As of November first it was be- lieved there were 12 to a dozen grow- ers who had not completed harvest with thousands of berries still on the vines. At end of the first week in No- vember there were still nine growers on the frost warning list. Rainfall for the fall months to Nov. 7. totalled no less than 13.24 inches. For the morning of the 6th there was a warning for very dangerous frost, minimum 11 to 12. Twelve was reach- ed at the State Bog. Temperatures AGENT FOR WIGGINS AIRWAYS BOG SERVICE AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS HAND SPRAYERS - TOOLS - POWER EQUIPMENT AUTHORIZED BRIGGS AND STRATTON SERVICE CENTER R. F. MORSE & SON, INC. Cranberry Highway West Wareham, Mass. CY 5-1553 n^f were running about 40 degrees minus fo November that far. Harvest Finally Over Practically all harvest was com- pleted by the Mass. holiday, Nov. 11, Armistice Day. A few very late in finishing, had a few berries out but were completing. Frost warning serv- ice was discontinued Nov. 8, as there are no frost warning formulas for after that date. This is certainly among the latest Massachusetts har- vest. Month continued cold, being a minus 45, for the month on the 12th. Late October Frosts October provided good harvesting conditions for cranberry growers dur- ing the first two weeks but it was a trial for them during the latter half. Almost ideal dry and mild wea- ther prevailed during the first half of the month, with temperatures constantly in the seventies and even in the eighties on two days. Growers were lucky to make good progress in harvesting during this period as they were hampered by the necessity of frequent flooding during the last half of the month. Frost calls were issued on 12 of the last 18 days in October. Cranberry bog temperatures were frequently in the low twenties and in the teens several times. Mini- mums of 6 and 8 were reported by John Ellis at North Branch Bogs. There were readings of 12 to 16 ob- served on Burlington and Ocean County bogs. Less Rain An upland temperature of 23 on the night of October 30 at the weather shelter of the Cranberry and Blue- berry Laboratory equals the record for the lowest temperature for the month of October. The same reading was obtained on October 22, 1940, and October 21, 1952. A maximum ol 41°F. on the 26th was easily the coolest daily maximum temperature ever recorded in October. The pre- vious low was 47° which occurred in 1929 and 1952. Despite the unusu- ally cool days the average tempera- ture throuout October averaged 55.8°, only 0.8° cooler than normal. Pre- cipitation during the month totaled 2.07 inches, which is 1.18 less than normal for October. One Inch of Snow The earliest snowfall in the 32-year history of weather recording at the Cranberry and Blueberry Laboratory occurred on October 26 when there was an accumulation of 1 inch. Cran- berry growers could recall snow "flurries" during harvesting in Oc- tober but none could remember an accumulation of snow. C. a L. EQUIPMENT CO. 191 LEONARD STREET ACUSHNET, MASS. Cranberry Bog Service PRUNING FERTILIZING RAKING WEED TRIMMING Machinery Sales PRUNERS POWER WHEELBARROWS RAKES WEED TRIMMERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS - Large & Small For Further Information Call . . . F. f. CRANDON H. C. LEONARD Rockwell 3-5526 Wyman 5-3521 C. J. TRIPP Wyman 5-2013 Harvest Compleied At the end of October, harvesting in New Jersey was about 98 % com- plete. Most of the large properties were guessing that production was running slightly less than the esti- mate of the Crop Reporting Service. The probable reasons for this are: poor set resulting from cool weather during the poUenating season; lack of vigor of vines, "resting" from last year's heavy crop, and larger than normal damage by spargano- this fruitworm, which has become resistant to D.D.T. in New Jersey. Much Water Reel Harvest Harvesting by the water reel, a method introduced into New Jersey by Bill Haines last year, has become the favored method on several pro- perties. Among those using this method were Haines and Haines, Cutts Bros., Anthony R. DeMarco, Stephen Lee, Clarence J. Worth, Vin- ton Thompson, Dan Arpin, and Whitesbog (on a limited scale). The Cutts Bros, harvested their entire crop with the water reel, while some of the others listed gathered a con- siderable proportion of their crop. Method Now Proven Growers are quite enthusiastic about water harvesting. They cite as advantages: (1) greater efficiency in gathering berries; (2) reduction in cost of harvesting per barrel; (3) less damage to vines than scooping or machine dry picking; (4) less loss of harvesting time resulting from heavy dews, rains and frost reflowing. Wa- ter harvesting in New Jersey is now beyond the trial stage. Growers feel that it has proven itself and it will undoubtedly be the foremost method within a year or two. The help of Martin Decker of the Rutgers Uni- versity Department of Agricultural Engineering in devising a mechanical dryer of water harvested cranberries has contributed to the success of this method. WASHINGTON At the end of October the crop was estimated at around half of last year's production, which was 139,000 or more than twice the aver- age yield. Berries are said to be of excellent quality small, but very firm. Average cup count last yead (Continued on Page 16) A Mass. Grower Tries Wise. Water Raking Harvest Dave Mann Picks 15 Acres, Lfsing Boats and Portable Drier — ^This Major Experi- . ment of Extreme Interest. by Clarence J. Hall David B. Mann, Head-af-Bay Road, Buzzards Bay, tWs fall is proving to be fee major pioneer in Massachu- setts in water-raking his cranberry crop in the Wisconsin manner. He has gone into heavy equipment, as is done in the Badger State, some of his own conception, to fit Mass- achusetts conditions, and has bought other pieces from the Dana Machine and Supply Company of Wisconsin Rapids. What is his main objective? Ma- chine dry harvesting often leaves up to 20 percent of the berries lost in harvest (sometinoes more and some- times less). The Wisconsin method gets practically every berry. If few or no berries are lost in water-rak- ing that means his production can be increased up to 20 percent per acre, in other words he will not lose approximately one barrel in every five. . This lesser harvest loss is one of tiie reasons why Wisconsin growers are able to get about double the Massadiusetts average peit acre. Last year it was 37.5 barrels per acre for Massachusetts oompared to 110 for Wisconsin. But last year was not a fair comparison as Massadbu- setts had the severe May frost loss and the average is nearer 50. Another advantage is that while in dry harvest, pickers cannot work on rainy days or early in the morning until the dew dries up or often late in the afternoon as the vines become damp and sticky, in the water-raking method, these times need not be lost. Still another is that tne system involved in water raking and speci- ally-designed hea\'y equipment is that it is more efficient. There might be -.savings in time and manual labor. And finally, statistics drawn up by F^f. Norton of the Experimental Station tend to indicate that there is much less bruising of berries, and the gentleness of water harvest- ing on the vines should give a larger crop the following year. The Massachusetts Cranberry Ex- periment Station has been experi- menting in wet raking for several years, making time and cost studies and urging it be adopted by Mass- achusetts growers whenever possible. A major advantage in Wisconsin is that the "marshes" are mostly built level and are smaller in sec- tions, Oblongs with roadbeds «H" around, and are more adaptable to-' easy flooding. All the new marshes ' are built on this pattern. Massachu- setts' older bogs are aipt to be -out of level, irregular and follow the ecHitour of the peat or other muick bottom. They take longer to flooa: and water supplies are apt to: be- less adequate and less easily aval- ; able. ' ■ :. x' Last fall New Jersey, where miiany bogs are all as old as those in Mass- achusetts and sprawl the same way did considerable water raMng.' Ttits •' proved practical. (See New Jersey fresh from the fields). ./ In water raking the bogs are flood-" ed to about the height of the top of the vines — about five inches in the operations at the Mann bogs. Berries on the vines are "floated," making harvesting easier, and those that are dropped float, and can be gathered. Dave says he found the loss due to "Field Drop" less than 5 percent as anticipated. It happens that his bog, which is the "Old Garland Bog," located off Head-of-the-Bay road is rather level. He has an adequate water supply, but is also able to pump back his water into the reservoirs, losing only • what seeps away, so he can use it over again. At the start of the season he had A ckKse-up (tf the Dana wet picker in operation at the Mann Bog. (CRANBERRIES Photo)- expected to do as many as 40 acres or half of this bog, but found, as the berries ripened quickly he had to water rake mostly on rainy or wet days, continuing with dry harvest on good days, so he actually accomp- lished about 15 acres picked wet. But Dave is youthful and enthusias- tic and admits that the water-raking is still experimental. He was taking a gan.ble as he has a very consider- able investment in costly equipment. He has been working on a smaller Bcale for the past two or three years, having his berries dried at the Cranberry Experiment Station. l^re, two or three driers have been experimentally built. It seems to be practically determined now that ber- ries raked wet at the State Bog in the experiments, keep just as long and have as long a "shelf-life" as do berries picked dry. Wisconsin has long dried its ber- ries after being water raked, first in long drying sheds by air and for some years past by mechanical criers. Mo >t Wisconsin growers have their own screenhouses and truck the berries from the marshes to the screenhouse where they have per- manent-type driers. The drier problem- was a big one, but Dave mostly solved this by con- structing a portable drier mounted on a Ford truck body. He dried right at the bog side, which is the major difference in his method to that in Wisconsin. The drier consists of a fibre board 4x)pper over the cab and engine into which the berries are dropped. Then they proceed throu'^h the drier, made of sheet metal which is about 23 feet long. A blast of warm air of about 90 degrees is forced through it with a blower. Another blower blasts in cold air from ou'side, tosses out the chaff, sometimes as much as six feet high, and cools the berries io air temperature. Capacity designed for is .50 lbs. per hour. The hot air blast is provided by torches up against the fan, which appear much like blow torches. The heat is provided by tank gas, stored in a big container alongside the truck. Power for the drier is pro- vided by a 1953 Ford 6-cylinder en- pine mounted beneath the drier body. It was taken from an automobile. Assisting in the mechanical construc- tion was Alfred Turgeon who con- ducts the A. W. Turgeon Construc- tion Company of North Dartmouth. Actual harvest was by two Getsing- er Retracto Tooth Pickers, which are manufactured by the Dana company from whom Mann purchased them this summer. The Dana is a larger machine and picks a wider swath than either the Western or Darlington used generally in dry harvest. The Darhngton has been used in this state at the State Bog, and also the Western, and elsewhere in water on an experimental basis. iRobert St. Jacques who manu- David Mann factures the Darlington, says the Darlington will be ready to meet any water harvest demand. In dry harvest the berries are picked either in regular harvest boxes or in cloth bags. In Wisconsin the Getsinger picks in fibre glass "boats," which float on the surface. These are attached to the picker. The boats are another Wisconsin development. Once filled, two or three boats, each of which holds about three barrels, are towed to the shore where the drier is in operation. The towing at Mann's was done by a garden tractor owned by George Rounsville of the Station staff. He is also a grower and uses it in his own bog work for wheeling off berries and other jobs. In dry picking, boxes are wheeled ashore on wheelbarrows or brought in by "jalopies" or other types of "bog buggies." With the well-proven (in Wisconsin) wet raking picker system and the tractor anlsthod of getting the berries to the shore where the novel portable drier was located for that particular harvest ooeration, there came the problem of getting the berries from the boat and up into the drier hopper. Mann has a caterpiller tractor bulldozer which he used in bog work, making roads and so forth. Again with the assistance of Mr. Turgeon, a fork lift was devised. This again is generally following the Wisconsin pattern. The fork is made to fit over the boats and the entire boat and contents are lifted to above the hopper, the boat is tilted and the berries are spilled into the hopper. In the developing of the portable drier Mann sought assistance from the Cranberry Station staff which has had considerable experience in making driers at the Station. Prof. John "Stan" Norton, in charge of the Station mechanical engineering department,- and his assistant Milton Paine, gave much advice from their experience. Norton, Rounsville and Paine as- sisted in this .experimental wet har- vest method at the Mann bogs. The berries, dried, cooled and cleaned of some of the chaff roll down the inclined plane of the drier at the rear. This completes the har- vest process. From the drier the fruit is placed in ordinary cranberry boxes for transportation to an Ocean Spray plant, where they are screened and utilized as either fresh fruit or made into a cranberry product. Of course Mann is frank to admit wet harvest this fall is entirely experimental, and as has been point- ed out there has been experimental water harvest on a small scale at the Cranberry Station and it is being used to a certain extent in New Jer- sey. One grower who has tried water raking is Frank P. Crandon of Acush- net, prominent grower and former president of Ocean Spray. Berries have been water raked at the EHi? D.- Atwood bogs in South Carver. This, however, was the first Mass- achusetts trial on a major basis. If it should prove as successful, it could make a major change in Mass- achusetts harvesting. If it could be largely adopted it could help to place Ma'^sachusetts in a better competi- tive position with Wisconsin. Wiscon- .«;in is now second in cranberry pro- duction and last year came not too far from challenging Massachusetts for first place. More new acreage is being put in there than in any other state. It mus't be conceded if water har- vest should become large scale in Massachusetts, growers would have to be convinced of the advantages — they would have, in many cases, to be willing to make rather ccstly in- vestments in the new equipment— it is probable some bogs would have to be divided into smaller picking sections by dikes, some bog floors leveled, perhaps, and there would have to be improved water supplies. It wa.^ to test out, in Massachusetts, the advantages of water raking that the wet harvest and the experimental drier research has been done at the Station. As another step in improving Massachusetts cranberry growing, Dr. Chester E, Cross, Station director has been advocating the installation of more overhead sprinklers on Massachusetts bo?; this is for better frost protection, improved irrigation and for easy application through the sprinkler system of insecticides and fungicides. About a dozen such sys- tems were installed in recent months in Massachusetts, although here again cost is a factor. Much West Coast acreage has for many years been under sprinkler l)(rot«ction to the improvement of crop production. In Massachusetts Dr. Cross maintains that more fruit is lost each year to frosts than growers realize. There is also differ- ent types of water harvest in Wash- ington and Oregon, where berries are picked on the flood, but by a small water reel, or so-called "egg beater." This knocked the berries from the vines and they are then "boomed" into harvest boxes. Most of the West Coast production goes into processed fruit. There is also a little dry harvesting done in Wash- ington. Young Mann is already achieving good production and has averaged about 75 barrels to the acre, or above the general Massachusetts run. In addition to the Garland bog he recently purchased the "Nye Bog," adjacent in the Head-of-the-Bay area, one, of. 25 acres, the Garland being 55. ' He is the son of the late H. Gordon Mann, for many years sales manager for Ocean Spray. He became a grower when he purchased the "Gar- land bog," from its then owner Eld- red Mcsher. Mann got into the cranberry busi- ness shortly after the Second World War, in which he served in Naval Aviation as an instructor in elec- tronics. He holds the rank of lieuten- ant in the Naval Reserve. It was an annazing cranberry har- vest scene to this reporter to see th« vine-tip flooded bog, the water har- vester being propelled through it, the boats filled with harvested ber- ries, pulled ashore by the small fr actor, the tractor fork-lifting appar- atus and the huge drier by the side of the bog. Everythmg was me- chanized. It was, indeed a far cry from the very old days of a Cape cranberry hai-vest scene, with long rows of men and women in brightly- colored clothes crawling along slowly picking berries by hand into tin "measures," and berries bein-? haul- ed away by horses. This changed when the scoops came in. C -Jv six men have been required at the Mann bog, three working the c'ricr. and the others hauling the boats, operating the lift or the har- vesters. It is beheved two or three acres a day can be picked. Despite the many apparent ad- vantages of water raking over dry, a general changeover will not be brought about over night. But, if it comcj, it will take place slowly — ez it becomes possible to adopt from cry to wet harvest. A summary of this fall's important experimentation by Mann, showed that he had harvested about 7500 barrels from his total of 80 acres. On the 15 he water-raked he had achieved, he believed, his objective of losing less than five percent through field drop. He had not com- pleted hia cost figure* as this articU is written. He found his greatest difficulty came in the drying and not in the actual wet picking. As previously stated, the drier was experimentally made. There was difficulty in ad- justing the flow of the berries as they entered the actual drying pro- cess and in the lower gate which let them out into storage boxes as the end of the process. During the operation he was visited by Lawrence Dana of Wisconsin, who suggested how these difficulties could be over- come, by giving the berries a more constant flow. The harvesting ran v.-ay ahead cf the drjdng. Mr. Dana has explained how in Wisconsin when m.echanical drying first came in, portable driers were used for two or three years, but foiuid to be less practical than sta- tionary ones. For 'one thing, gro'ond under the portable drier is not al- ways level. A big difference between Wisconsin and Massachusetts harvest opera- tions is that in Wisconsin nearly all growers have their own warehouses, as they are known in that state, or screenkousGs in the East, and do their own screening. Stationary dri- ers at the Warehouse were found to be the answer there. In Massachusetts net many grow- ers today do their own screening and '^.irics are taken largely to Ocean George Rounseville of the Cranberry Station Staff takes boats fuU of berries to the shore ICRANBERRIES Photo) TeR ,W\..„,, ^US' 3BleVji\m The Relative Cost of Harvesting Cranberries in MasSo and Wisconsin - by :. «>i>;»*:. Prof. John S. Norton "' 'i.-. •'^i'' Mass. Cranberry Experiment Station In anticipation of an increased interest among Massacihusetts cranberry growers in Wisconsin's method of harvesting cranberries in water, an attempt was made in the spring of 1961 to survey the cost of the 1960 harvest in both Wisconsin and Massachusetts. The response to the survey was not as good as desired. Growers represent- ing about 7 % of the Massachusetts acreage and about 13 % of the Wiscon- sin acreage returned completed questionaires. A greater response would have increased the vaUdity of the following comparison. Although the returns do not provide a sample large enough for a con- clusive comparison of costs, I feel that they do present an indication of the magnitude of equipment and labor costs for the two methods. It is also partly out of a sense of appreciation for the efforts required of those who returned the completed survey that I feel obliged to make this report. The Wisconsin survey covered 514 acres with an average yield for 1960 of 92.5 bbl/A. The Massachusetts survey covered 830 acres with an laverag^ .-yield of 85.5 barrels per acre. In 1960 the Massachusetts crop was about 35% above the previous five year average, and Wisconsin crop was below the previous five year average. These deviations from normal tend to increase the differ- ence between the costs of the two methods of harvest. As would probably be expected, the cost of harvesting in water and drying is greater than the cost of harvesting dry. This is due to bhe greater cost of equipment and the added labor cost of drying in the "water-harvest" operation. Capital Investment in Equipment The cost of harvesting and drying equipment in Wisconsin was consi- derbly greater than the cost of oarvesting equipment in Massachu- setts (Table 1.) . Eight growers reported from Wisconsin. Their equipment costs ranged fromi $3000 to $22,000. When divided by the acreages involved these costs ranged from $111 to $297 per acre with an average of $199. The cost of drier installations ranged from $1000 to $13 COO with an average investment of $5000 per grower or $80 per acre. This left a cost of $119 per acre as the investment in harvesting and handling equipment other than dry- ing equipment. The returns from 15 Massachusetts growers, with holdings ranging from 7 to 185 acres, showed investments in harvesting equipment of $45 to $2S2 per acre. The average invest- ment was $75 per acre. Labor Costs As noted above the survey covers only the 1930 harvest. The labor c:st (Table II) in Wisconsin ranged from $.32 to $1.70 per barrel with an Table I Comparison of Capital Investment Massachusetts Min. Max. Av. Drying Equip. . . . Total Equip. $45 $292 $75 * Costs figured on acre basis Table II Comparison of Massachusetts and Wisconsin Harvest Crop Min. Max. Av. Min. Max. Av. $31 $152 $64 $111 $297 $199 Labor, Picking, Hauling, Storing Drying Total Labor Fuel, Oil Electricity & Repairs Ins. Taxes & Depreciation Total Non-Labor Cost Total Harvest Crop $.35 .35 .04 .06 .10 .70 $1.33 1.33 .62 .36 .64 .23 .13 2.16 1.00 Hin. Max. Av. 5.27 .05 .32 $1.32 .78 1.70 $.62 .16 .77 .13 .45 .19 .10 .57 .21 .23 .57 1.02 2.72 .40 1.17 average of $.77 per bbl. This labor cost) included dryTpaig labor lihaib ranged from $.05 to $.78 with an average of $.16 per bairel. > -^^i Labor costs in Massachusetts weret-ifiigjgi^ lower, averaging $.64 per bare^g, j^ with a range of $.35 to $1.33. -Trsiqge ^t© When drying labor wias dedwte^^,^^^ the labor cost in Wisconsin, %• j^^^ picking, hauling and sorting was=«^^^ $.61 per barrel as comipared to $.64f-; „ .j,, in Massachusetts; ■ Operating and Fixed Costs Operating costs, exclusive of labor but including fuel; oil, electricity and repairs were about 20% lower in Wisconsin than in Massachiusetts. This included the drying costs in Wisconsin. The operating costs in Wisconsin ranged from $.13 to $.45 with an average of $.19 jper barrel. The comparable figure for Mass- achusetts gave a range of $.04 to $.62 with an average of $.23 per barrel. • Because of the 'greater capital in- vestment in Wisconsin the fixed costs for insurance, taxes and de- prciation were 50 % higher than in Massachusetts. For Wisconsin, the range was $.10 to $.57, with an aver- age of $.21 per barrel. For Massachu- setts the range was $.06 to $.36 and the average $.13 per barrel. The total non-labor cost in Mass- achusetts ranged from $.10 bo $.83 with an average of $.36 per barrel. Whereas the range in Wisconsin was $.23 to $1.02 with an -average of $.40 per barrel. Total Costs The total cost pf harvesting and placing in storage ;the 1960 crop, of those growers repOTtmg in Mass- achusetts ranged from, $.70 to $2.16 and averaged $1.00 per barrel. The total cost in harvesthig, drying and ._ placing in stoirage m Wisconsin ,• ranged from $.57 to $2.72 and aver- ,.^ aged $1.17- per- barrel ■ -/b-i Factors Influencing Conversion to ?v Water-E|arvesting vf Cranberries have been harvested in the flood watfers in Wisconsin for many years, probably because of the need for frequent frost -floodinig in the fail. Prior to 1952 most or possib- ly all of the harvesting was' done by hand raking. The berries were then stacked or spread out on the shore -^ in wife crates and dried by the wind .i and sun. ' feefore the advent of mechanical pickers and driers the harvest seai- son extended from the first week of September through the middle of October. However, with the develop- ment of these mechanical aids the growers were able to harvest and dry their crops more quickly. This permitted them to delay their regular starting date about three weeks to the last week of September and still complete their harvest before danger of too much ice. The longer growing season achieved in this way has been partly responsible for the larger yields in Wisconsin in recent years. This alone no doubt justifies the large capital investment in equip- ment in that area. The practice of harvesting on flooded bogs in Massachusetts would not have the same effect of extend- ing the growing season that the use of mechanical pickers and driers produces in Wisconsin. Therefore, there would not be an increased yield through increase in size and weight of the berries. However, other benefits would accrue that could well result in greater net production than is achieved when picking "day." First, and probably most significant, would be the in- crease in net yield through the virtual elimination of "field drop." This dry harvesting loss represents en average of approximately 20% and is sometimes much higher. A second benefit that might be derived from "water-harvesting" is the pos- sibility of an increase in crop po- tential because of reduced vine in- jury during harvest. The third im- portant benefit is the elimination of weather conditions as a factor to disruj>t picking. Frost, fog and even rain should have no effect on har- vesting because dry conditions are not required. If a grower is experiencing a 20 % field loss in dry-harvesting, a net yield of 60 barrels per acre would be harvested from a potential crop of 75 barrels. This would mean a loss of 15 barrels per acre. "If such a Mass. grower converted to water harvest, he could afford an increase of $1.00 bbl. in harvest costs before he would show any decline in net income." This feature alone ^ould make conversion to "water-harvesting" worth considering among growers with more than 25 acres suitable for "water^harvesting." The other (benefits such as increased yield potential and a lessening of concern about weather would seem to pro- vide more incentive for conversion. Cape Industry Of 50 Years Ago The most important agricultural product of Massachiisetts is the cranberry. The cranberry growing area is practically confined to Ply- mouth and Barnstable counties and give employment to a large number of people and the money value of the crop this year will be from a milhon and a half to two miUion dollars. The methods of harvesting and handling cranberries have undergone a complete change in the past ten year. Formlerly the picking was done mainly by hand, whole families engaging in the work and many peo- ple depended upon the money re- ceived from cranberry picking for their subsistence. Screening, or cleaning the fniit, was also done largely by hamd, principally by women. The builk of the cropi is now picked my machines, scoops predom- inating. The pickers are principally Portuguese and only on the smaller bogs do the natives still gather the berries with their hands. Separators are used to remove the dirt and bad berries. Cranberry Juice In Medicine Bert J. Leasurte, Maniibowish Waters, Wisconsin grower and until this year vice-president and a direc- tor of Ccean Spray has been one of (he most active growers in sttpm'^-; i ig to promote new uses of cranber- ries snd cranberry produc's, parti- cularly in the medical field. He has .■^ent a letter, which gives an idea how the urologists are using cran- berry jui^e and how much they value it. He suggests that if every grower would get behind a program to familiarize his doctor of its benefits, he is sure the results in increased cranberry sales would be amazing. He also says that in Wisconsin the State this past summer has spon- sored a youth's camp of 300 boys for a three week's study of soils, plants, trees, etc. These changing groups were invited to lectures on cranberries at the KoUer-Leasure marsh and several bus loads a day^ were made famihar with the grow- mg and other phases of cranberries. One of the professors also made color shdes for lectures at the Uni- versity of Wisconsin. A letter to the Urologists' Corres- pondence Club from a physicaan follows: Dear Fellow Members: The older members of the Urolo- gists' Correspondence Club prob- ably remember IJhe odor which emanated from the urological ward before the advent of chemotherapy and antibiotics. These help to a iconstiderable degree fbuti to not always completely eliminate the odor of ammonia by destroying the bac- teria v/hich split urea into ammonia and carbon dioxide. The reduction of the PH al:ne is a powerful factorj in aiding the elimination of these organisms. For the purpose of preventing in- crustations occurring on inlying urethral catheters, on suprapubic, tubes and the formation of bladder, calculi in children that are on pro-i longed suprapubic drainage, the daily! intake of cranberry juice is most helpful. To obtain the maximum benefit from this beverage, no citrus fruits or carbonated drinks should ■>?: allcwed. No medication which teadsj to alkalinize the urine should bo, ingested. In the average case, aj quart of cranberry juice a day will, suffice to hold the pH between 4 and 4.5 Following prostatic surgery or surgei-y on the kidney for the re- moval of secondary stones, the uiine becomes negative much more rapid-^ ly than it does by the use of the sulfonamide's or t;he antibiotics alone. It is our practice, a few days, after surgery, to start the patient, on cranberry juice and to prohibit the use o; medication and beverages, which tend to produce an alkalic urine. On discharge from the hospi-, tal, in many cases, all internal medication is discontinued but the .^atient h instructed regarding the intake of cranberry juice until the urine clears. We highly recommend this form of treatment for all cathe- ter and postoperative cases, wlrere urea-splitting organisms ai^e involved, ■ as a great help in controlling the infection. IANB£IUIIES AS MEDICINE Cranlberry Products, Inc. of iEagle iver, Wisconsin, received and re- onded to the following letter: ) Some Cranberry Grower, agle River, Wisconsin ^ar Sir: I am a 68-year old widow who was ricken suddenly on August 4 with repoccus, OEncysipelas, and I'm ;tting better, but have a very bad g and I'm asking you if it is possi- e to get a few pounds of ripe or ;ar-ripe cranberries; so I can m^e poultice for my infected leg. I'm under Dr. care, but I know the •anberries will help me. I used lem several times years ago and acted at once on me and my own asband and cured him in one week 1 his head and face. It draws out le fever so quick. I have antibiotics id penicillin. It is holding it down at not enough. Please help me if you can who- ver you are. Will send money at ice. Yours truly, Mrs. — avenue Chicago 18, 01. The woman has written thanks to oldsworthy saying she has used le cranberry poultice and is "now ble to be up part time working." efore she was on crutches. She dded her physician "was surprised ) know what cranberries can do )r such a serious disease." Typhoon Hit Coast Cranberry Areas Vo^ West Coast was visited by a urricane-type storm Oct. 11 and 12, rhiich caused damage estimated into le 'millions but did Mttle damage to ny cranlberry togs. The storm was nown as "Typhoon Freida," Here 'i an account froonl Mrs. Aloha 'rustafson, secretary to I>r. Charles . Doughty of the Western Washing- m Cranberry-Blueberry Equipment |tation: "Each of us in this long strip of ie coast where it had his hit his wn story of terror and destruction, ^e probably will be talking for many WMiths about it. Here at Long Beach ad up in Grayland we have already had one storm with winds Up to 84 miles i>er hour on Septemiber 27th so the damage was limited to a few old barns and a good many trees and roofs. We feel that the reason we were spared was that anything that mighit blow away bad already been taken. "We had plenty of wiarning, too. Damage to the bogs was limited to lots of trash being blown from the surroundings into the bogs making it difficult to harvest. None of the bogs are situated so that short of a tidal wave would they have been flooded by salt water. We had four storms, Nov. 9, 1961, Decemjber 16 and 17, 1961 and April 27, 1962 when the winds exceeded 70 miles an hour here on the coast but on the other side of the Coastal Range it was an entirely different story. They were not prepared. They estimate the loss as around 62 million. The dam- age to the farms and the beautiful paDks was heart breaking. The for- ests in some areas and principally on the Western slopes of Mt. St. Helena were leveled and that will undoubtedly cause another outbreak of the pine borer. The logging in- dustry will try to salvage somie of this timber but it is extremely diffi- cult and slow. There is a tremendous loss in cases of this kind. We all felt in this area that we were extremely lucky even if we were half frightened to death." The storm struck at low tide, and oyster beds on the Long Beach Peninsula were damaged as they were exposed to huge waves. The oyster industry loss was heavy, two trees fell across a residence at Oranguymia Farms but did only minor damage to this cranberry property. Power and telephone Unes were cut off. In Oregon damage was estimated at $2,375,000. Three persons were injured in the Bandon area. Hazel's Candy Kitchen operated by Mr. and Mrs. Paul Colgrove was blown three feet from its foundation. Other buildings were severely damaged. The wind was so strong that one man actually, by a freak of the typhoon had his troosers blown off. Many photographs in the Ilwaco Tribime and the Bandon Western World show the extent of the damage to trees and buildings and roadways, all too reminiscent (& sderie^ in Massachusetts and New Jersey fol- lowing hurricanes. fresh From The Fields WASHINGTON (Continued from Page 6) was 90 berries; this year it was running 112 and 115. Many berries of late set were so small they were dropping through in screening. WISCONSIN Oct. Good For Harvest October for the most part was most ideal for harvesting operations. Temperatures averaged one and one half degreed above normal and precipitation was only half of nor- mal. Warmest weather occured early m the month with a high of 85 on the 12th and a low of 12 on the 25th. The outlook for Novemjber calls for (Continued on Page 20) lUIHIIHIIIHIiHBIIIIBItllBIIIHHIIBIIIOIIItl READ CRANBERRIES MAGAZINE iibhiihiiibiiii OUR ADS ARE READ By the way — I purchased quite a lot of CHLORO IPC yesterday, due to the ad in CRANBERRIES — A Washington Grower BACK NUMBERS A limited supply of back is- sues of C3RANBEiRRl!ES is available. We receive frequent requests for a certam issue of interest to a grower or others. 45 cts prepaid Veteran Mass. Grower Dies Hemy Cla>1on McFai-lin. one of the better kno\\Ti and a veteran cranberiy grower of Carver, died Nov. 8. He was 88 and had been in faiHng health for the past year. Mr. RIcFarlin had long been rec- ognized as one of the best growers in the uidusti'y. and gave Jiis bogs the utmost care, they being all but weedless and always in top condition. Mr. McFarlin, who was affectionately knowni as "Huckleberry Claj-t," liv- ing at Fox Island, near Huckleberry corner. South Carver, was so care- ful of his vines tliat he often did liis bog work in his stocking feet. He was of the Carver McFarlin family, long distinguislied in cran- berry growing. The well-known Mc- Farlin variety was developed by a forebear and is today widely plant- ed, particularly in Waslnngton and Oregon and to a once large extent in Wisconsin. There are also many plantings of tills variety in Massa- chusetts. It is a variety producing a large fruit. Another forebear was the pioneer grower in Oregon, in about 1S8() taking vines from Carver. He was born in Carver, where he lived all his life. He was the son of Solomon and Harriet (.Atwood) Mc- Farlin. He was a graduate of Bates Pond Scliool, Carver, which he later purcliased as a historical landmark. As a boy he worked in a sliingle mill and later became a cranberry grower. He was town assessor of Carver for 15 years, always walk- ing to the homes of taxpayers. He was also a siu-\-eyor. and an excellent penman, drawing up legal papers for otJiere. He owned about 28 acres, and ovei:saw the han'est of a part of his crop this fall, wliich was not finislied until after liis death. He died at Joi\ion Hospital in Pljiiiouth. He is survived by his wife, Annie L. iThomasl JMcFarlin. two step- daughters. Mrs. Nathaniel F. Sliuit- leff of Middleboro and Mre. Laura Jones of Halifax, nine grandchildi-en ;md several cousins. Funeral was Nov. 12 at tlie Huckle- berry Corner Church, the Rev. Al- bert C. Croutworst of Middleboro, officiating. Interment was at Union cemetery. South Carver. W.\SH1NGTONS CROP NOT LIKE RECORD OF L.\ST YEAR Last year Wasliington had its i-ecord production. 139.000 barrels. But tliis year a prolongued blooming period is partly blamed for a crop of small berries, m general. Peninsula bogs are reported un- officially as probably not yielding mor« than 12.000 barreU. This is a little more than one-tliii-d of the 30.000 of last season. Grayland and North Beach areas are reported to be about 32.000 barrels, compared to 101. IKX) in li)61. Although fruit is small it is called sound. Long Beach peninsula bogs ap- parently averaged less than 75 to the acre. The Charles Nelson bog pro- duced about UXi barrels t.-> the acre, as did some others, and a few ran as low as 15. FOREIGN EXPORT IN AGRICITLTURE Three cooperatives were among nine business groups honored by Secretary of Agi-iculture Orville Froe- man for their success in increasing volume of agricultiu-al exports, a- mong tlie award winners w'ere the Florida Citrus Exchange and the Rockingham Poultn- Marketing Co- operative, tlie latter award being for "subst^itial inci-ease in the ex- port of U. S. frozen and canned poultry products to 18 foroign coun- tries; by maintaming a consistently high quality export product, selected and packed to meet tJie needs of foreign customei-s. and using the metric s>-stein of weights, by adver- tising its product lines in the local language, and by active leaderehip in the industry's International Trade Development Committees." (Cooperative Digest"! Statistics It is interesting to note that in an analaysis of results of the crop of last year, b- the USDA. that Wash- iiigton led all other areas in produc- tion per barrel per acre. This was 126.4 barrels. Second was Wisconsin with 110. Third was Oregon with 81.1. while New Jersey narrowly led Massacliusetts with 39.3 and 37.5. re- spectivel.v. Of this pi\)duction. W^asliington sold 2:^.21X1 in fresh form and 115.81X) pro- cessed. Wisconsin led m fresh berry sales with 2(>2.000 going to that mar- ket and 127.000 processed. The Massa- chusetts crop was slightly less fresh than processed, the figures being, respectively. 223.000 and 228.000. Ore- gon had tlie lowest percentage of fresh sales, as the total production was relatively small, 6,100 going fresh and 20,700 processed. New Jer- sey sent 12.200 barrels to the fresh market and 105,800 processed. As to total crop processed led by 519.000 barrels as against 450,000 fresh. In gain in acreage, since 1956. Wis- consin was in the lead, from 3.900 to 4.200. Washington was second, from 950 to 1.100. Massachusetts dropped from 13.2C0 to 12.tiC3, New Jersey re- maine.-'. stationary at 3,000. For total acreage there was a slight decrease from 21,520 harvested acres to 21,- 4i>0. Average U.S. yield was 45.9 bar-' rels per acre. It should be noticed that the Masa- chusetfs crop was not typical be- cause of the severe loss in the Me- morial Day fix)st. while Wasliington had an exceptionally good and- its re:crd yield. New Ocean Spray Director Long In Business Alfred E. Bark, newly-elected direc- tor of Ocean Spray. Lie. is currently president of Wisconsin State Cran- berry Growers' Association, having been elected last year. Long active in business, he. at 66. is now retired from ac'ive participation in business. He has held directorships in Pre- way. Inc.; Kellogg Bix)s. Lumber Company, the Riven'-iew Hospital Association, all of Wisconsin Rapids, Wiscons-in. where he makes his home. He is a secretary and treasurer of the DuBay Cranben-y Companj'. which has a mai-sh at Dancy, which is generally i^ecognized as one of the finest cranberry operations in every respect in the cranberry in- dustry. DuBay. started in 1945 now has 110 acres in vines. Mr. Bark has been active in the cranberry industry in one way or another since that time. He is a member of Rotary. Elks. Bulls Eye Country Club. American Legion 40 and 8 Society. By profes- sion he is a certified accountant. He is now retired as treasiu-er of Pre- way. which is a manufacturer of household appliances, employing 600 people. Try Cranberries Advertisina KiKht«M fidit^sJa^liS ISSUE OF NOVEMBER 1962 VOL 27 - NO. 7 — „ — . . — ._.._.._.._„_. , .^ ABOUT WATER RAKING Now that harvest is over it is extreme- ly interesting to note the emphasis on water raking, in New Jersey and the major ex- periment conducted by one Massachusetts grower. This indicates a substantial change in New Jersey already and a likely one to limited extent in Massachusetts. The Massachusetts' pioneering grower in his extensive experiment followed sub- stantially the Wisconsin method, which has been one of the causes of increasing pro- duction in the Badger State. In New Jersey it appears to be along the line of the "water reel," first tried, we believe, on the West Coast. The water method can almost un- doubtedly result in increased barrels per acre. This, of course, is a major aim of growers everywhere, and especially in the lower-producing areas. This, in turn, has the effect of reducing the per-barrel cost, and so improve net income. This willingness to try something new shows the alertness of the growers. It does involve new major problems, naturally, but so does most any advance. No quick "magic" change over in Massachusetts may be expected. The pro- blems and cost of equipment and bog and water supply are difficult ones. It may be assumed that at least a few growers will give it serious and probably favorable con- sideration. However, there is one most serious thought that must be given to one thing — berry quality. No crop can overlook this factor. We need the fresh fruit market for a while yet, to say the least. And, we can- not expect the consumer to buy and buy a second time, poor quality fresh cranber- ries. We are not saying quality fruit is not, and may not be produced in wet harvest, but quality should never be lost sight of. THANKSGIVING As this is written, just before Thanks- giving, we still anticipate a large crop, originally estimated as a record, now may- be slightly reduced, but a very large crop. The price has been steady and is now up a dollar a barrel on Late Howes. Sales are reported as good. What net growers will get is not yet determined except in the case CLARENCE J. HALL Editor and Publisher EDITH S. HALI^Associate Editor Wareham, Massachusetts SUBSCRIPTIONS, $3.50 Per Year, FOREIGN, $4.50 CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin LEO A. SORENSON Cranberry Consultant Wisconsin Rapids Wisconsin Washington Dr. CHARLES C. DOUGHTY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. Oregon GRANT SCOTT Coquille, Ore. Massachusetts Dr. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. New Jersey P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey of some independent handlers, and of course this is the first year of the Market- ing Order. In this big crop year there can be speculation as to how the market would have been without it — and without the 100,000 bbl. school lunch program. To our readers old and to the new, a most happy holiday. This seems to have been a tough year for weather in the cranberry areas, a ty- phoon on the West Coast, two narrow brushes from hurricanes on the east, sum- mer droughts, excessive rains, frosts — yet the industry has grown a very large crop, particularly in Massachusetts. SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS Fresh From The Fields (Continued from Page 15) temperatures and precipitation to be about normal. Hail Losses Most marshes had completed har- vest by the end of the third week in October. Several marshes were still harvesting the latter part of the month when extremely low readings for several days formed ice layers preventing raking. A reported 30 acres was involved, but subsequent warmer weather melted the ice and permitted harvesting. Another high- light of the weather was a damaging hailstorm the morning of the 10th on the eastern Cranmioor marshes and several immeadiately around Wis. Rapids, resulting in an undetermined amount of loss. Seme growers called it the worse hail storm since 1929. Fortunately most of the marshes in the area had completed the bulk of their harvesting. It appeared that little daanage was done to the fruit buds for next year. Most of the damaged berries were harvested as soon as possible and shipped for processing. Only one marsh of the group reported the loss covered by hail insurance. This mark- ed the second and third hail storms for a number of the marshes for the year and each one successively worse. Including the Manitowish area along with the Rapids area it seems hail has at least taken 50,000 barrels SPRINKLER SYSTEMS PUMPS HIGH CAPCITY WELLS ROBERTS IRRIGATION SERVICE STEVENS POINT WISCONSIN from the state crop this year. poor. Shrinkage from storage rots Berry size continued to run below and water soaked berries was Ihe average and keeping quality was highest in many years. HUME PRODUCTS CORPORATION • DEGRASSERS • DRYERS • CONVEYORS Designers and manufacturers of machinery for the cranberry industry SERVICES AVAILABLE TO WISCONSIN GROWERS: Steel stock from our warehouse Engineering services Complete machine shop service 1^ For information, write: HUME PRODUCTS CORPORATION Eagle River, Wisconsin INDIAN TRAIL, inc. WORKING— MERCHANDIZING— SELLING WISCONSIN-GROWN CRANBERRIES 12 Months of the Year Moving FRESH — FROZEN— — CANNED & JUICE — Striving always to move TOP-QUAL- ITY products at TOP PRICES for bet- ter returns to WISCONSIN Growers. P. 0. BOX 710, WIS. RAPIDS, WIS. Twenty SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS FOR SALE SEARLES JUMBO HOWES, McFARLIN Vines for delivery in 1962 $125.00 Ton F.O.B. INTERESTED IN PURCHASING WISCONSIN CRANBERRY PROPERTIES Vernon Goldsworthy B.S. & M.S. ' University of Wisconsin Cranberry Consultant Fees Reasonable EAGLE RIVER WISCONSIN DANA MACHINE & SUPPLY Co. Wis. Rapids Wis. MFCS, of: SPRAY BOOMS GRASS CLIPPERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS Getsinger Retracto tooth pickers Dryers DISTR. of: VEE BELTS & PULLEYS ROLLER CHAINS SPROCKETS & BEARINGS CONVEYOR BELTING STEEL A complete line of Sprinkler Irriga- tion fc" Frost and Drought Protec- tion. Can or Will Help Finance FRANKES IRRIGATION 523 Post Rd., (Hy. 51 So.) Stevevis Point, Wisconsin OUR PRODUCTS Strained Cranberry Sauce Whole Cranberry Sauce Cransweets Diced Cransweets Cranberry Apple Sauce Spiced Cranberries Cranberry Chilli Sauce Cranberry Bar-B-Q Sauce Cranberry Orange Relish Cranberry Vinegar Cranberry-Strawberry Preserves Cranberry Juice Cranberry-Cherry Preserves Cran-Beri Cranberry-Pineapple Preserves Cran-Vari Cranberry-Raspberry Preserves Cran-Puri Cranberry-Rhubarb Preserves Cranberry Puree Cranberry-Gooseberry Preserves Cran-Bake Sliced and Whole Maraschino Cranberries Consumer Size & Bulk Fresh Cranberries Cranberry Products, Inc. EAGLE RIVER, WISCONSIN CORRUGATED CULVERT PIPE and FLOW GATES FelkerBros. Mfg.Co. MARSHFIELD WISCONSIN Phone 230 - 231 WISCONSIN CRANBERRY GROWERS are using more Signature Fertilizer year after year • Pelletized • Homogeneous • Dustless • Free-Flowing • 50 lb. Bags E. RAUH & SONS FERTILIZER CO. Indianapolis & Plymouth, Ind. YOU Are reading this ad. Others will read yours in CRANBERRIES Magazine Library, Univ, of Uaas, Ocean Spray puts if os simply as this: ANY NOBLE BIRD IS MADE NOBLER BY CRANBERRIES This message — and the noble combination of turkey with Ocean Spray cranberry sauces — is appear- ing in a full color spread in Life; in full color pages in McCall's, Good Housekeeping, Ladies Home Journal. This is another round in our continuing campaign to teach all America that if it smells good, looks good, tastes good, put cranberry sauce on it. HEIGHTEN THE FLAVOR, BRIGHTEN THE PLATE WITH OCEAN SPRAY. KViiNU A i/u,uuu,UUU A YEAR INDUSTRY APE COD iEW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON CANADA (Merrg ^ijristmas 35 Cenfs DECEMBER 1962 DIRECTORY For CRANBERRY GROWERS 1 Wcrcester Paper 1 Box Corporation MEDFORD, MASS. Tel. MYstic 8-5305 Manufacturers of Folding Cartons and Displays PREFABRICATED FLUMES Straightline Pumps Bog Railroads For Rent CONSULTANT On Water Problems RUSSELL A. TRUFANT North Carver, Mass. Tel. CXion 6-C696 1 The i lOhARLES W. HARRIS! 1 Company i 1 451 Old Somerset Ave. | 1 North Dighton, Mass. | 1 AMES 1 1 Irrigation Systems | 1 Sprinklers 1 1 Weed killers | 1 Insecticides | = Fungicides = 1 from i 1 Kiekens - Duster and Sprayers * WATER WHITE KEROSENE For use on Cranberry Bogs Also STODDARD SOLVENT Prompt Delivery Service Franconia Coal Co. - Inc. - Wareham, Mass. Tel. CY 5-0039 EQUIPMENT HAYDEN - SEPARATOR - WAREHAM, MASS. Irrigation Systems PUMPS SEPARATORS - BIOWHRS SCKtENHOUSE EQUIPMENT DARLINGTON P^CKir^G MACHINES Wareham Savings Bank WAREHAM and FALMOUTH Savings Accounts Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent Phone CYpress 5-3800 Kimball 8-3000 The National Bank of Wareham Conveniently located for Cranberry Men Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK ALFRED PAPPI At Screenhouses, Bocs and Pumps Means Satisfaction WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. CY 5-2000 Funds always available for sound loans SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES Complete Banking Service Member Federal Depo«it Inaurmmee Cor». I Hope To ''Step Up'' Cranberries In England For Christmas Holiday Christmas Is "Big Buy" Steps in Promotion Explained The activities of the Cranberry In- stitute working in cooperation with Foreign Agricultural Service of the USDA, utilizing in part federal and industry funds, is continuing in "step- ped up" form until the first of the year, or through the Christmas holi- day period in Great Britain. G. Street & Co. Ltd, 11 Berkeley street, Landon W. I. the advertising and P'U'blic relations firm, employed for the work by the Institute is doing much of the promotion. The immediate and urgent task of this agency is to educate the English public concerning cranberries in kitchen and home through all possible media. Once, it is felt, the interest of editor and programme planners has been aroused future news arti- cles will follow, making the use of American cranberries fashionable, and therefore a "must" in British hemes. "The Financial Times," has an- nounced the appointment of the Street agency, this including the ap- pointment of J. O. Sims, Ltd. as im- porter and distributors. It has also included the showing of the cran- berry documentary film in color to representatives of national newspa- per, who are now showing interest in this cranberry venture in Western Europe. There is also interest by the British Broadcasting Corporation. The Press Association (England's leading news agency Woman's Feature Serv- ice has promised to circulate all local newspapers taking their service with the initial story. SANDERS Built from $750. WHEEL-OFF RIGS FLUMES Built to Order Welder and Power Shovel Available Will do Custom Sanding Oiva Hannula Carver, Mass. UN 6-4419 The arrival of the first shipment in London on the Cunarder "Sidona," has been photographed (as shown last month) there has been the Cran- berry Institute stand at the United States Trade Center's Catering Exhi- bition, London, and approximately 500 selected guests, including influ- ential persons from all walks of life, including the press were invited to the National Theatre, London, to see the cranberry film and a demon- stration in the theatre's foyer, with presentation packs of cranberries (6 oz.) for each guest. An early target of the agency was the general Plymouth area, as this is considered a "natural" in that part of Britain for cranberries. Other center included Cardiff, Wales and Glascow, Scotland and Leeds, Eng- land. There was an appropriation of 6,390 pounds (one pound — $2.80) to cover public relations, research, test market operation, in-store demon- strations until the first of the year. This fund of approximately $17,000 is provided by the USDA, and is not paid for by the growers. It is utilized under counterpart funds, which are monies due the American govern- ment in foreign countries which lia^e received US economic aid, which is set up in the currency of that country and must be spent in that country. The growers contribute the personal, their services and the fresh fruit, which comes this year from the "set- aside" under the marketing order, and is sold at a cost sufficient to cover packaging and shipping ex- penses. The cranberry foreign export pro- ject comes under the USDA Foreign Agricultural Service, in which many American commodities participate, two, for example being American tobacco and cotton, to which indus- tries and others, the USDA contrib- utes large sums to aid in foreign ex- port. Cranberries are now partici- pating in this program through the Institute. The sampling includes selected stores for 6 oz. sample packs to be given with chicken and turkeys. Re- search including investigation at the wholesale level, views of manage- ment and retailers as applied to American cranberries, consumer re- search (on a national level) to as certain eating habits with reference to sauces with poultry, analysis of questionaires returned. The test market operation was in Devonshire, with demonstrations in Plymouth, Exeter and Torquay, this being supported by local press and television advertising support. This locality was chosen in order that the connection between Plymouth Eng- land and the Pilgrim Fathers can be exploited. It is considered an essential part of the promotion in 1963 that the Cranberry Institute should partici- pate in the 16-page "Good House- keeping" supplement, this to be pub- lished in November, in conjunction with a poultry producer. It is emphasized that greater sales volume will result from the projection of cranberries as a natural food pro- duct, or principal ingredient of a TAKE ADVANTAGE of the BETTER things of life. The efficient USE OF ELECTRICITY is one of these better things — efficient use in power for cran- berry bog operations, and in the home. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM CYpress 5-0200 PLYMOUTH Pilgrim 6-1300 SHARON BOX COMPANY, INC. ESTABLISHED 1^00 SHARON, MASSACHUSETTS We Will Buy Your White Pine Logs, Either Standing or Cut • Highest Prices Paid • Sawmill located at North Carver, Mass. Office Phones: Sharon, SU 4-2011 Carver. UN 6-2234 If You Want A Good Flume At A Low Cost Use All Heart Redwood 6x8 60,000 Ft. on hand for Prompt Delivery 6x6 — 4x6 — 4x4 Planking- - Square Edged or Matched 2x6 — 2x8 2x10 2x 12 SEND FOR YOUR FREE FOLDER ON THE "DURABILITY OF REDWOOD" E. W. Goodhue Lumber Co., Inc. MIDDI^BORO ROAD EAST FREETOWN, MASS Phones Rockwell 3-8811 — Middleboro 1275 I Retain natural flavor I without over- sweetness | ^ i I AND CORN SYRUPS i * ^=) CORN PRODUCTS COMPANY * ■i Manufacturers of fine products for the food industry . . . and | . popular Best Foods Division grocery brands for the consumer. dish, than as an auxiliary ingredient. A notice was sent to directors that Street & Company reported good progress in promotion, but it was feared the volume of sales this year is not going to be as great as was desired, even though a firm founda- tion is being laid for a far bigger operation in 1963. This is due to the fact there may not be sufficient ber- ries available for export. It was also indicated dehydrated or freeze-dried cranberries could play an important part in future develop- ment of foreign markets for cran- berries. Some experimental work on trying to produce these freeze-dried cranberries has been done rather successfully, and the tests indicate the job can be done. It is known that dehydrated cranberries in flake or powder fcrm can be produced and reconstituted into a very good finish- ed jelly product. Marketing Order Notes Tony Briggs, manager for the mar- keting order committee made a trip to the West Coast where he talked with the few small dealers there and growers. He has appointed D. J. Crcwley, retired director of Western Washington Experiment Station, and grower, as fieldman for Washington and Oregon. Mr. Briggs reported that there have been handlers "buying back" berries from the restricted pool, as their own allotment of "free" berries became exhausted. This was not in any very considerable quantity, how- ever. He said he is not permitted by the USDA to give out names of these handlers, even to committee mem- bers, as this is considered a strictly private business relation. Also there has been an increase in the price which independent processors have paid for canning fruit. Some of the restricted pool has also been given to charity. He said he believed the marketing order is setting up the stage for bet- ter crop returns in 1963, and that for this year it has firmed up and stead- ied the market, in spite of record production. Mass. Cranberry Station and Field Notes Winter Management of Cranberry Bogs by C. E. Cross and G. B. Rounsville Experiments At State Bog With the retirement of Dr. H. J. Franklin as head of the Cranberry Experiment Station in 1953 came the end of an era in this industry. Dur- ing his time, little or no fertiUzer was regularly applied to the State Bog, frost floods were frequently ap- plied and often "held-over" in cold spells, and just as soon as it was dif- ficult to kick through the frosted soil with the heel of a shoe, the wmter flood was put on, and there it stayed until April Lst. And who will say this was not good management? He rais- ed some very heavy crops (much heavier than at present) and in some years sold the fruit for enough to pay all salaries at the Station. But with the coming of a new ad- ministration, more youthful and ven- turesome, and with the idea that the State Bog should be used for experi- ments and not for production, came a series of drastic experiments in flood management which were facili- tated by the construction of three road-wide dikes which separated the old State Bog into four separate flood- ing areas. Some of these areas were left all winter without a flood, some were left with shallow floods. In some winters we have flooded these areas only when winter^killing condi- tions were upon us, and as soon as conditions moderated, the flood was withdrawn. Another series of tests was made of varying the winter flood and following this with early or late- water management in the spring. The following represents the conclusions reached as a result of about 10 years of experiments in flood management. Winter Flooding There is only one good reason for flooding a cranberry bog during the winter months — prevention of "win- ter-killing" or winter desiccation. This injury to cranberry vines is caused by the regular transpiration of moisture from leaves over a period of time when sub-freezing tempera- tures prevail and roots lie in frozen soil. Winter-kill Thus the moisture lost from the leaves cannot be replaced from the roots, and gradually over a period of several days the leaves and even stems slowly dry up and die. We have observed that winterkilling is likely to develop only in periods marked by night-time temperatures at or near 0°F. There is usually no winter-killing unless moderate to high winds blow in the day time with sub- freezing temperatures. As a rule, little damage occurs unless the above weather prevails for more than 48 hrs. However, if a bog is even slight- ly damaged by winterkilling, then in the same winter even brief returns to cold drying conditions cause con- siderably increased damage. Serious winter killing damage has occured in several years of our ex- perience. Some damage was observ- ed in each of the early years of the 1940's, that of the winter of 1943-44 being by far the worst. Then vines were killed to the water-line (if there was a water level) or to the soil sur- face. When this happens the crop is lost for two years. The most recent year in which winterkilling caused measurable damage was the crop year of 1959, when four days of blustery winds and low temperatures in early January caused injury enough to reduce the Massachusetts crop by 50,000 bbls. No Longer Major Problem But generally, winterkilling is no longer the major threat it was 25 or 40 years ago. The older records show serious damage at more frequent intervals than in the years since World War U. There are some cogent reasons for this. The widespread change from scoop-harveating to ma- chine picking is one reason. Vines roughed up and lifted by scoops are more exposed to drying winds than those picked by Darlington or West- ern pickers. Fertilized bogs are rmown to be more tolerant of winter conditions than unfertilized bogs. Why this should be so is still a question, but more fertilizer has been used by Mass. cranberry growers in recent years than in the past, and the gen- eral effect of this and of machine harvesting is to thicken the stand of cranberry vines. Of course the thin- ner the vines the greater the ex- posure to desiccating winter winds, and the thicker the vines the less is the exposure to drying winds. There has been some steady improvement in water-handling facilities — a larg- er proportion of to-days' producing bogs can be protected. Fmally, it is barely possible that the combination of hard-freezing temperatures and scanty precipitation has been oc- curring less frequently in recent years. Whatever the reason, the record of the last seventeen years- includes only one year when wiater-killing caused appreciable damage to crop ' prospects. The risk of incurring this type of injury does not, therefore, appear very great, and it is reason- able to inquire what if any are the advantages of shortening the tune of the winter flood, and increasing the exposure of the cranberry vines dur- ing the winter months. MIDDLEBOROUCH TRUST COMPANY MIDDLEBORO MASS. Member of The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Oxygen Deficieoey Probably the gr»at«gt advantage is that pointed out by Bergman in vari- ous reports — the reduction or elimi- nation of oxygen — deficiency injury. We need not elaborate on this. It has further been observed, especially in the spring of 1962, that the bogs ex- posed considerably last winter, sur- vived frosts of 20° or colder on the nights of May 7, 10, and 12. It is the writers' opinion that if bogs were flooded last winter continuously from Dec. 1st to April 1st they would have had to be protected the nights of May 7, 10, and 12 or the crops would have been largely destroyed. Frank- lin (Bull. 402 — pg. 35) appears to support this: "When bog tempera- tures promise to fall below 20° F. during the last week in April, it is best to flood." Early Draining Many bogs were drained of the winter flood last February when cold and snow brought about oxygen-de- ficiency conditions. The weather re- mained steadily cold, the ice and snow melted slowly, and most of the drained bogs were not reflowed for winter protection. We think this ex- posure of the cranberry vines to low CRANBERRY PICKING BOXES Shocks, or NaiUd Let me repair your broker boxes — or repair them yourself. Stock Always on Hand F. H. COLE Tel. Union 6-8S30 North Carver, Mast. Western Pickers Parts and Repain Agent for 1962 Model ORDER NOW J. E. BRALEY & SON MACHINE SHOP 78 Gibbe Av Wareham, Mais. HAVE YOUR REPAIRfl DONE NOW temperatures in late winter retarded bud development in the spring suf- ficiently to keep them abnormally resistant to frost damage. This could, in many years, prove helpful to those growers whose frost prevention fa- cilities are limited. Long Bloom Another effect of winter exposure is that of prolonging the blooming period. Many growers reported vines still in heavy bloom after August first, 1962. These were healthy flow- ers as attested by the swarms of bees visiting them. They appeared to set fruit, too, but the berries formed so late in the season were still green when the first frosts came in late September. The long blooming period in Massachusetts in 1962 should be considered in relation to the usual very long blooming period in Wash- ington and Oregon. In those states, with little or no winter flooding, blossoms continue to open over a 12 week period. Perhaps this gives the bees enough time to visit all the flowers and to pollinate the very large crops we often hear about on the West Coast. Results of Late Holding State Bog flooding experiments have shown that if a long winter flood is followed by a spring "late- holding" the resulting crop is usu- ally small. On the other hand, if the tog is largely exposed in the winter (flooded only when winter-kill condi- tions prevail) and is then flooded from mid-April to late May the crop is likely to be large, composed of berries that are uniformly large and ultimately well-colored. Finally, winter exposure tends to produce shorter and shorter uprights — thus counteracting the tendency toward elongate and stringy vines which characterize bogs that are re- peatedly "held late." Mass. Deaths There were two recent deaths in the Massachusetts cranberry field. Warren C. Hallett of Marstons Mills passed away suddenly at the age of 54. He was bom in the town of Barnstable, living there all his life and for a number of years had been a cranberry grower and a mail car- rier. Earle Clinton Hammond of R. Independence, Wareham, died £-t To- bey hospital Wareham after a long ilhiess. He was 44, a member of the prominent Hammond family of cran- berry growing. He was a foreman for the Smith-Hammond Cranberry Com- pany. Wisconsin Meeting January 4th Annual meeting of Wisconsin State Cranberry Growers' Association is to be held January 4. Election of offi- cers will be one of the events on the program. Dr. George C. Klingbeil, who has been secretary-treasurer for several years will be unable to con- tinue in that capacity. He will con- tinue in Extension activities which work will be coordinated with the activities of the new secretary-treas- ''Letters To The Editor'' We have always had a policy that we welcome "Letters to the Editor" from our readers. With our increased readership of every known grower we again request that any reader who desires to write a letter upon any subject concerning cranberry matters do so. This may lead to better under- standing of our problems. We will attempt to publish any letter, reasonable in context and in length submitted. Letter must be signed, and signature will be published or not, as the individual requests. If the letter requests information, and we do not know the answer, we will do our best to obtain such information. Let's have some letters from our readers. NOT BETTER It was stated last month that the members of Ocean Spray for the 1961 pool received approximately $8.65, "or a little better than 1960." It has been pointed out this is in error as the 1960 pool brought more, earnings per barrel being $9.33, cash net to grower $8.87. I Issue of December 1962 - Vol. 27 No. 8 Published monthly at Th^ Courier Print Shop, Main St.. Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscriptions S3 50 Second Class Postage Paid at Wareham, Massachusetts Post Office. ' FRESH FROM THE FIELDS Compiled by C. J. H. M A § S A C 8 ^ U S E T T S Nov. Starts, Wet, Cold November began with real winter weather, and much rain for the first few days, the latter totalling 2.7 for the first seven days. On that same date the temperatures were minus normal by a big 41. Few in the cran- berry area welcomed the premature winter conditions. Northeasters The cool weather continued, and the third big winter-type northeast- ern blew in on the 10th with con- siderable precipitation. The morning cf the 14th saw the ground in some of the cranberry area whitened for the third or fourth time of the year. The winter was extremely early and start- ing out "rugged" as some weather experts had forecast. By the 17th the month was minus 75 degrees or about five a day, there was more general N. E. snow but not much in the cranberry area. There was a lot of uncomfortable cold rain, and by the 19th ponds were really skimmed over with ice, the ground was freezing a little and tele- vision announcers were giving what they called their "wintery weather forecasts". There were fifteen week- end auto fatalities, mostly because of icy roads and snow. So many rainy days hampered af- ter harvest bog work. Thanksgiving Day was coldish, rainy and foggy, a miserable day, but it was a "green holiday," not white as the grass was still not mluch turned. Little Sun Shine For November, which is a very important month in the sunshine factor of the year, the factor was low, there being very little of it, ex- cept for the last week of the month. This was considered by Dr. C. E. Cross, as quite important in view of the fact the bud for next year is small, and vines somewhat de-vital- ized by just having borne a big crop, and needed this extra rebuilding. May Be Snowy Winter However, reservoirs were full up and the ground was wet, which should help reduce the possibility of early winterkill. In fact. Dr. Cross rather anticipates from the trend of the weather the winter may be cold and wetter, which could mean more than normal snow. This would be bene- ficial from the standpoint of the bogs as this could provide a snow cover without flooding, which is the best kind of cover for the winter. Interest In Bog Improvements This fall seems to be marked by rekindled interest in bog rebuilding. Massachusetts growers seem to be more encouraged with a favorable crop and more favorable crop prices this fall. There is also much interest in new varieties, and many growers were planning designs for new over- head sprinkler systems. StiU Wet, Cold The month ended with a total rain- fail of 5.33, with the average 3.96. Temperatures were in the minus 90s, or more than three a day. About the only good weather came the last week of the month. NEW JERSEY Second Coldest Month November averaged 41.8 degrees which was 4.5° colder than normal. This mlade it the second coldest November in the 34-year weather recording history at the Cranberry and Blueberry Lab at New Lisbon. AGENT FOR WIGGINS AIRWAYS BOG SERVICE AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS HAND SPRAYERS - TOOLS - POWER EQUIPMENT AUTHORIZED BRIGGS AND STRATTON SERVICE CENTER R. F. MORSE & SON, INC. Cranberry Highway West Wareham, Mass. CY 5-1553 The coldest November weather oc- curred in 1951 when the average was 41.4^ Daytime temperatures generally ranged in the 40s and 50s, while night temperatures were mostly in the 20s and 30s. There were only two days over 60 and these occurred in the last days of the month. The high was 62 on Nov. 29th and the low was 19 on the 7th. Third Rainest Precipitation totaled 5.62 inches during the month. This was 2.16 inches above normal and made it the third rainiest November in 34 years. Only 1932, when there was a total of 6.75, and 1951, when 5.99 inches of rain occurred, surpassed this November. Only a trace of snow on Nov. 26th occurred. Snow is recorded about once in every three Novembers and the total averages about two-thirds of an inch. The enthusiasm; for water harvest- ing of cranberries in New Jersey grows. The reasons for this were summarized in last month's "Fresh from the Fields." However we must concur with Dr. Cross's warning concerning the quality of cranberries harvested by mechanical methods. A frank evaluation of the quality of berries, water harvested in New Jersey would place them far below hand scooped berries. Water har- vested berries, after cleaning, are as attractive and unblemished as those harvested by scoops but at room temlperature they deteriorate much more rapidly. If the fresh market of cranberries is to be retained and in- creased, careful attention mu-st be given the method of harvest as it affects quality. Not only must they be attractive at time of packaging, but, more important, at time of arrival in the hands oi consumers. WASHINGTON Nov. Rainy With Wind The month of November was one of heavy rain and wind. There had been no less than 15.64 inches of rain up to and including the 29th. The first real freezing weather of the fall came on the 15th and again on the 28 when the temperature reached 32F. on the 27th it was 28 rnd on the 22nd 26th and the 23rd 31. The first two days of the month brought very low humidity, accom- panied by a gentle east wind. These two days also had the highest maxi- mum temperatures, 77 and 69. Dr. Charles C. Doughty began to sus- rect there was going to be a repeat cf the 1955 fall when there was very warm weather up to mid-November, C. I L. EPiPiEIT m. 191 LEONARD STREET ACUSHMET, MASS. Cranherpj Bog Service PRUNING FERTILIZING RAKING WEED TRIMMING iacliioery Sales PRUNERS RAKES POWER WHEELBARROWS WEED TRIMMERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS - Large & Small For Further iBiformation Call , . . n. C. LEONARD Wyman 5-3521 F. P. CRANDON Rockwell 3-5526 C. J. TRIPP Wyman 5-2013 when the temperature fell abruptly, to a minimum of 8. The present fall had been just as warm right up to the frost dates, but it was hoped to get colder weather from that point on. Why The Crop Was Down The Washington crop was approxi- mately half of that of last year, and that is just about what most growers say they produced. Looking back on the environmental conditions which produced the big 1961 crop. Dr. Doughty can see several things which no doubt were the cause for the drop. The first of these is the especially large crop of 1961 as the tendency for most of the bogs in Washington 13 lo be biennial producers. A second cause is the cold temper- atures experienced during the winter months of 1%2. At two different periods, the first in mid-January and the second in late February there v/ore temperatures, ranging from 7 to 10. The weather in between was relatively mild. The situation was one in which considerable damage could and did occur. Most of the bogs were not eqaipped to protect vines at such low temtperatures. It is very difficult to keep sprinklers going at temperatures below 24 or 25 degrees. At the time when the Experiment Statioa at Long Beach examined the buds following the late February cold spell it than appeared that approximately 15 to 17 percent of the buds were killed. This, however, could not have been sufficient to cause damz'ge enough to reduce pro- duction so drastically if other things -ad been favorable. A third cause was that it was a very damp and cold blossoming sea- son so that pollinating conditions were very poor. A very poor set, the freeze injury and the natural reduc- tion, following a heavy crop, all combined to produce the low yield. To Siart Cold Studies Dr. Doughty says the Station in- tends to start again its study of cold injury and follow the bud develop- ment throughout the winter. It is expected this work this year may provide information wl^ich it is hoped will enable the 'Station to recommend production measures for the bogs during such cold periods. Continued on Page 20) I A Orrin G. CoIJey at his desk at ihe Institute Some Background Information On The Cranberry Institute; Past Efforts, Its Present And Future Plans by Clarence J. Hall The Cranberry Institute, which has been in existance since April, 1951, and is the only body representing the cranberry industry, cooperative and independent, today, has its head- quarters in historic, picturesque South Duxbury, adjacent to Ply- mouth, Mass. The annual meeting for members is now scheduled for Tuesday, Jan- uary 29 instead of the regular sec- ond Tuesday of January. Meeting place is usually Washington but the place is to be announced shortly. Any interested handler or grower is invited to attend, and will be given ample opportunity to speak. Each member in good standing has one vote. Its officers elected January 9th of last year are president, Mr. CoUey, Vice President, Bert J. Lea- sure of Manotowish Waters, Wiscon- sin and Florida, secretary-treasurer Marcus M. Urann, Hanson, Mass. Directors are these three, Leon April, Morris April Brothers, New Jersey, Walter Z. Fort, Growers Cranberry Company, New Jersey, George C. P. Olsson, president of Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. and Ben G. Pann- kuk, president of Indian Trail, Inc. Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin. Mr. CoUey is president of Cape Cod Cran- berry Co-op Incorporated, Mr. Olsson is also a director of Ocean Spray Its membership made up of hand- lers, as of record a year ago was: April Brothers, Beaton's Distributing Agency, Wareham, Mass.; Cape Cod Cranberry Cooperative; Decas Bros., Wareham, Mass. Growers Cranberry Company; Indian Trail, Inc. Peter A. Lesage (PALS) Plymouth, Mass.; Minot Food Packers, Inc., New Jer- sey and Ocean Spray. This member- ship represented more than 96 per- cent of cranberry production. Today, (CRANBERRIES Photo) not all of these are members. The Institute has been considerably in the cranberry news this past year. For one thing it was the Institute which promoted and petitioned the United States Department of Agri- culture to place the matter of a cranberry marketing order ibefore the growers for a vote to adopt, or not to adopt. The Institute felt the growers should have the opportunity to decide. More than 70 percent, by volume and by number voted in fa- vor, the vote representing 88 percent of all growers eligible to vote. The In- stitute is working strenuously to pro- mote a European and possibly other foreign market for American cran- berries. It recently voted as one of its services a subscription to every knowm cranberry grower of the Cranberry Magazine for one year, believing the industry needed a news medium circulating to every grower. The original Incorporators on April 27, 1951 were: Homer L. Gibbs, West Wareham, Mass.; G. Howard Morse, Attleboro, Mass.; Harold S. DeLoog, ^, , _. ieTcn Wisconsin; Charles L. Lewis, Wis- consin; Theodore H. Budd, New Jer- sey; Anthony DeMarco, New Jersey; Mr. CoUey and Russell Makepeace, Marion, Mass. Mr. CoUey was named secretary in 1952 and then president which he has ■been since. For a short time Alden C. Brett, contributed valuable service as executive secretary. This article will attempt to re- view the achievements of the Insti- tute and give a resume in brief of what it is, and to clarify its functions in the minds of the average grower. It was incorporated under the laws of Deleware. It was at first known as the "Fresh Cranberry Institute," the word "Fresh" being delated by later vote in 1955. It is a corporation not organized for profit, and did not issue any capital stock. Its purposes as stated was: "To engage in or sponsor research with respect to the production or market- ing of (fresh) cranberries,; to pro- mote and encourage more efficient and improved cultural and market- ing practices; to gather, compile and disseminate information with re- spect to all of the foregoing; to de- velop and promote the distribution and marketing of (fresh) cranberries through the use of available means cf publicity, advertising and related activities; to promote, by all lawful means, the interests of the growers and the distributors of (fresh) cran- berries; to do all things incidental to any of the foregoing and to have and exercise all general and incidental powers conferred upon corporations by the laws of the State of Dela- ware " In short, it was to perform the functions which the average "insti- tute" does for its membership, such as a notably successful one, the Ap- ple Institute, meat, dairy, or other agricultural crops or industry, steel, iron, glass, etc. The main function is to promote as best it can, all matters which are to the best inter- ests of all its members or its par- ticular industry, in this case the cranberry industry. It, however became inactive from 1956 until November of 1959, when it was immediately reactivated to coordinate all segments of the cran- berry industry from the devasting public statements of the secretary of Health, Education and Welfare, in the great "cranberry scare," called the greatest blow ever dealt any agricultural group by a body of the United States government. Its piofclems were difficult. It was necessary to develop a procedure that was satisfactory to the U. S. Food and Drug Administration, to work out expeditiously a formula by which both fresh and processed cran- berries could be released to market that year, berries which had to be proven to be free of amino triazole contamination. Through the Institute the cranberry industry provided a united front in Washington for the entire industry. A formula for in- spection was developed which proved satisfactory and a market (of sorts) was developed for that year. There were days of meetings in Washington with top officials of the USDA and others, sometimes lasting all night. A statement was obtained from the then Secretary of Agriculture urging all segments of the food industry to come to the aid of the industry. Many segments immediately did and this proved of tremendous benefit to cranberry growers. Attractive new office building of the Institute in South I>iixbury, Mass. (CRANBERRIES Photo) m»h.% There followed the $10,000,000 in- demnity program, and this, in parti- cular proved of especial benefit to independent handlers and their grow- ers. The USDA later prepared figures which showed that the average grow- er received from this about $8.00 per barrel based on his crop. The Institute worked with and persuaded the USDA, through its Food Distribution Branch to give all possible aid in cranberry merchandi- sing publicity. With all its massive resources the USDA proceded to do this, and the amount of publicity in newspapers, magazines, trade jour- nals and in many other ways could not have been bought for many mil- lions of dollars. This helped to start the cranberry industry back on its way to recovery. It was into this crisis of iyrf9 that the Institute was ready to work and did effectively. It was also through the Institute efforts that the cranberry industry received the Government purchase of about 1,000,000 barrels of fresh cranberries for school lunch in 1961 and again this fall. Both pruchases were worth approximately 1.3 mil- lion dollars and also did much to stimulate the fresh fruit market, and prevent any surplus supply. A little known fact, is that the Institute also stands ready to act for the industry if any adverse legislature should be introduced in the Congress. The Institute retains as its counsel, Joseph O. Parker of Washmgton, D.C. who is constantly alert to this possible danger. Mr. Parker is considered if not the"top," at least one of the top agricultural legal counsels in the country. He is counsel for the American Institute of Poultry Industries, and of, course, cranberries and poultry are now companion foods. He is legislative counsel for the American Grange. He also represents feed grains and cotton. He has been counsel for the House Agricultural Committee. He is often called for agricultural con- ferences and in November of this year was in Europe concerning the exf)ort of American products. The Institute is also a member of the National Fruit Export Council, which, naturally is engaged in foreign trade for American pro- ducers. It ia the Institute wMch is spear- heading the promotion of American cranberries in Western Europe at the present. It is rather generally felt that, by working together on the coming problems of the industry that pro- gress is being made. There are many indications that there may be as much of an increase in returns to growers as one million and a half dollars in 1962 over 1961. This may have been brought about in part through the adoption of the market- ing order and by the marketing iniative shown by the various mar- keting agencies. However, these improvements are to be brought about only by a continuity of action on the part of the growers and financial support of the Institute, which represents the industry as a whole. A grower might well ask himself "Can I afford not to be assessed three cents a barrel for these advancements of the whole industry, which in turn effect me directly?" The ordinary grower may ask him- self, "What can I contribute to the advancement of the cranberry in- dustry, besides growing cranber- ries?" If his handler is not a member of the Institute he can suggest that the handler be, if he believes. Also, although there is at present no provision whereby a grower can be a direct member of the Institute something along this line may be worked out, at least whereby a grower may, if he chooses, contri- bute as assessment on his crop to go to the general industry advancement projects of this industry body. Order Committee Vetos "Set-Aside" Reduction A principal point discussed at the meeting of the Cranberry Marketing Order, Lagan Airport motel Nov. 27, raised by one independent handler and seconded by another, was that the 12-percent "set-aside" of the crop be reduced to zero set aside. Motion did not pass. A second mat- ter was a proposal that the Commit- tee permit the Cranberry Institute to have about 5,000 barrels from the "set-aside" for promotion of pro- cessed berries in England. This would be in addition to the present campaign to pramote JEfMb btirrf sales there. The proposal, made by Orrin Q. CoUey, president of the Institute was favorably received and although per- mission was not granted at the meet- ing further steite will be taken wluch may lead to this. It was the contention of some in- dependents that because of the "unique" situation in the cranberry mdustry this fall that mdependents, or at least some, do not have enough berries to fill their sales order, while the "big co-op" may not be able to process fast enough to meet the current market demands. It was pointed out that if such a situation does come about or exists this would not be in the spirit of the order, which is to bring about greater re- turns to growers as a whole. This can be accomplished either through higher prices or the sale of more berries or both. This concerns fresh fruit. There was lengthy discussion over the equity of the formula by which the committee sells berries to hand- lers who run short of free berries and then buys back an equal amount of free berries to keep the restricted pool at the required 12 percent. Regarding the 5,000 barrels for Enghsh trade, Mr. Colley was asked to get in touch with USDA officials to find out if FAS funds would be available for this purpose, the simi of $15,000 being mentioned, for this project. If these financial prospects were found to be favorable, the committee could then pass an amend- ment to grant the berries, as the fruit would not be in competition with the "free" market. The berries would be sent to England either pro- cessed, or to be processed there, one form being mentioned that of dehydrated, which would be much less bulky m shipping. The amovint of berries which hand- lers had as of Nov. 15th was placed at 1,286,125, which is the "free" pool. 85,922 bbls. had been with- held to that date. As these figures were those of that date, the big Thanksgiving market was not all in- cluded. It seemed to be a concensus of opinion that the fresh fruit market is excellent this fall, and the market showed a healthy trend. One of the "unique" featvires of this season has been the fact there has been such a small crop in Wis- consin and on the West Coast be- cause of extremely adverse growing weather conditions. This seems to nave, it was pointed out, placed some handlers, parti- cularly in Wisconsin at a disadvan- tage as they have not had sufficient fresh fruit to meet all demands. These would be independent handlers. This year Massachusetts has a big crop, generally conceded to be of very sound quahty. Last year there were big crops in Wisconsin and especially Washington. All principals were present at the meeting ■ except Ray Haihelman of Wisconsin, who was represented by his alternate, Clarence A. Searles. Officials of the USDA were also pre- sent. Chaii-man George C. P. Olsson presided. No date was set for the next meetins. Ocean Spray Fresh And Processed Sales Both Up Ocean Spray sales of fresh cran- berries show a gain of 157c over the same period last year, according to Gilbert T. Beaton, Eastern Sales Manager at Ocean Spray headquar- ters in Hanson, Mass. Fresh fruit supplies are sold out in New Jersey, Wisconsin, Washing- ton and Oregon and all December shipments will come from Massachu- setts, Mr. Beaton stated. Although Massachusetts supply is adequate, facilities would be hard pressed to pack and ship Christmas orders without the co-operation of the trade which is helping lighten the last minute pressure by booking early. Current and future shipments will be all Late Howes at $4.50 per case, 24 one-pound celb or window boxes, FOB. This is an increase ever the $4.25 price for the Blacks, now sold out. Mr. Beaton attributes the sales in- crease this season to the effective- ness of the UMI publicity program and to the trade co-operation in ad- vertising and displaying Ocean Spray fresh cranberries throughout the 4- month co-operative advertising pro- gram. "The retail stores did a ter- rific merchandising job, " Mr. Bea- ton states, "with many big promo- tions in October." Ocean Spray expects to extend the fresh cranberry sales season through January and February. Limited sup- plies are being held in the new tem- perature control facilities at the Han- son and Onset Massachusetts plants. With natural good keeping quality this season, berries stored in the new cooler plants since harvest will be available for early winter ship)- ments. As to processed sales, Ambrose E. Stevens, general manager and ex- ecutive vice president, says sales through the month of October, the last month for which complete re- turns were in, were the greatest in the history of Ocean Spray. Sales exceeded 500,000 bbls. Previous high period had been the 12-month period endmg in 1959. In its weekly report to buyers Ocean Spray on Nov. 23 reported a sellout of all fresh fruit except some Massachusetts Howes which were holding at $4.50 a quarter. Ocean Spray To Promote Year- ^ciiiid Sauce Sales Mor»thIy advertising in 1963 v/ill be directed to the Con- sumer. We expect an outstanding and re- cord year volume on Ocean Spray cranberry sauce during 1963," says Ambrose E. Stevens, executive vice president and general manager of Ocesn Spray in announcing stepped up advertising plans in the coming year. "We believe both our whole- sale and retail distriubotrs will quick- ly notice a significant increase in their volume and profits as a result c: cur decision to go all-out in our marketing efforts beamed towards American housewives." In effect. Ocean Spray is about doubling its advertising effort to- wards consumers with a two-pronged program. Advertising will be maintained on a year-round basis through the use of full-page four-colcr advertisements every month in five national maga- zines. This will represent about a 50 percent increase over Ocean Spray's advertismg last year, Mr. Stevens announces. "There is no reason in the world why the American public shouldn't be eating cranberry pro- ducts all the year around. Cranber- ries heighten the flavor of other foods. Our advertising is intended to convince housewives that it makes good sense to serve cranberries with all sorts of food on a year-round basis." Secondly, this consumer program effort replaces Ocean Spray's form- er program of directing most of its promotion to the trade in the form of coop advertising allowances and spe- cial prices, Mr. Stevens announces- NEXT OCEAN SPRAY STOCKHOLDERS MEETING JANUARY, 1964 Although it was voted to hold an- nual Ocean Spray meetings in Jan- uary rather than August, the next full meeting of Ocean Spray stock- holders will not be next month but in January, 1964. However, fiscal re- ports will go out to stockholders covering the three months, June through August, 1%2 to brmg the fiscal year up to date. The January meeting, 1964 will then report S^>- tember through August, 1963. More Storms During the last week in November still more violent storms raked the Pacific Northwest, with winds up to 70 miles an hour, drenching rains, some hail and freezing weather. Much damage was caused. The Cape Cod area was hit by another driving northeaster December 5th. Massachu- setts also felt a back-lash of that puzzling great storm which caused tremendous coastal erosion in Florid^ and North Carolina. Tides were high. CRANBERRY REDUCTION CUTS COOS FARM INCOME Coos County, Oregon farmers in 1962 sold their products for an esti- mated $6,140,900, which is $285,000 less than last year. This is due mainly to a substantial reduction in the cranberry crop, caused princi- aply by frost damage during the past winter and storm damage dur- ing harvest, according to George H. Jenkins, county agent. CRANBERRIES PROVIDES A NEEDED MEDIUM OF INFORMATION FOR ALL GROWERS Coos County, Oregon Growers Making Soil Bog Test With Extension Aid Fred Hegelstein, New Agri- cultural County Agent, Now Working With Cranberry- men. Fred Hagelstein is a new South- western Oregon Extension staff mem- ber and will devote a portion of his time working with cranberry grow- ers in the Coos County and surround- ing area. Hagelstein replaces Grant Scott, who recently resigned to ac- cept a position with the Near East Foundation in Iran. Hagelstein comes to the Oregon coastal area after several years pre- vious work in Extension. Most re- cently he has specialized in potato, jnion, and alfalfa seed production and marketing work in Eastern Ore- gon. Of interest regarding the recently approved Cranberry Marketing Order s Hagelstein 's previous association Adth both potato and onion market- ng orders in E^astern Oregon and Southwestern Idaho. Hagelstein states that marketing orders have been very successful as a step to more orderly marketing of these commodi- ties in this area. Much of Oregon State University's work with the Oregon cranberry in- dustry is done through a local grow- er advisory committee. The purpose of this group is to meet periodically with Extension and OSU research personnel to discuss work in pro- gress and to identify current and future needs of the industry. Hagel- stein adds that current work under- way is in the fields of weed control, post harvest rots in cranberries, and soil fertility. This work involves both Extension and OSU research person- nel in conducting these studies. New herbicides are continually be- ing evaluated for their effectiveness for weed control through screening trials established on bogs in the So'j.thwestem Oregon area. The stu- dies on post harvest rots in cran- berries, being conducted by Dr. Ed- "»nard Vau^ian of the OSU Plant Pathology Department, involves both pre harvest and post harvest appli- cations of chemicals to cranberries to determine their effect in retard- ing the breakdown of berries in storage. An Extension program getting un- derway in Coos County this fall is mass soil testing. The Southwest Oregon Cranberry Club centered around Bandon, is participating in sponsoring this intensive soil testing program. During a one month period the Extension Service and the Cran- berry Club is encouraging every cranberry grower in the area to take a soil test sample from at least one of his bogs. Each grower who participates in this mass soil testing program will receive the rgular soil test analysis and fertilizer recommendation based on his soil test. In addition, accord- ing to Hagelstein, these same grow- ers will also be later invited to par- ticipate in an industry wide meeting. At this special meeting all of these soil test findings will be reviewed, (Continued on Page 12) Couiity Extension Agent, Fred Hagelstein, of Coos County, Oregon (right), gives supply of soil test cartons to William T. Dufort (left), area manager for Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc., while Ray Bates, local grower and member of Southwest Oregon Cranberry Club, looks on. Members of the club are cooperating in a mass soil testing program and encouraged growers to pick up soil sample cartons while making berry deliveries to warehouse. (Western World Photo, Bandon, Oregon) Bleren REST PERIOD by I. E. Demoranville and F. B. Chandler (2) Most temperate plants have a re- 1500 hours. Howes required 50 and 77 quired period of cold before they will bloom, this is called a rest period. If plants are subjected to favorable growing conditions before this rest period is completed, the plant will not grow or growth will be abnormal. To see if this condi- tion was necessary for cranberries, sods of Early Black and Howes were taken into the greenhouse on August 3, September 25, November 5, No- vember 23, December 23, 1957, and March 3, 1958. Hill plants of Early Black, Howes and MacFarlin were taken from the field in late fall of 1958, put in polyethylene bags and placed in a refrigerator kept at a temperature between 35° and 40 °F. In 1959 and 1960, hill plants were used as in 1958 with the variety Franklin included. Plants were taken from the refrigerator to the green- house after being subjected to 1500, 2000, 2500, 3000 or 3500 hours of low temperature where the growth, flow- ering and fruiting was observed twice a week. The plants taken from the field directly to the greenhouse prior to December, 1957, did not grow. The sod collected in December did make some growth, but did not blossom; however, the plants taken in March grew and blossomed normally. From this we felt sure that cranberries had a rest period. The potted plants held below 40 °F for varying lenglhs of time required from 1 to 30 days in the greenhc^use to change from the winter red leaf color to the sum- mer green color. The length of time required for color change of the leaves was shortest with the bngest (3500 hours) exposure to low tem- perature and longest for the plants held for 1500 hours below 45°F. Jewels appeared about 31 days after the plants had been placed in the greenhouse and the hooks in about 36 days. The appearance of the blossoms showed more range, from 44 days to 83 days, and was related to the length of time exposed to the low temperature and to the variety. Early Black required 44 days to blossom follov/ing 3500 hours below 40 °F, and 71 days following days respectively. McFarlin required 47 days after 3000 hours of cold, and 83 days after 500 hours. Franklin was similar to Early Black. The berries (unpoUinated) developed in 38 days (Franklin 3500 hours) and 71 days (Howes 2000 hours). Without pollination, Franklin exposed to low temperature for 3500 hours set the most fruit. The rest period in other fruits has been described for blueberries by Darrow (3), for grapes by Magoon and Dix (4), for apples by Chandler (1), and for peaches by Yamell (6) and Weinberger (5). Chandler (2) also described a method of breaking the dormancy of apples by usii^ heat. This treatment was tried with hill plants of Metalic Bell variety and had some effect. "Umbrellas," a condition which is usually called frost injury, occurred in all varieties with only 1500 hours of exposure to low temperature, and in all periods of low temperature with McFarlin. Duiing the period of this study there occurred naturally at the Cran- berry Station, East Wareham, 3500 lo S80O hours below 45°F, and from 18C0 to 23&0 hours below 35°F. Siunmary Cranberries have a rest period which nisy be broken with 250O to :;:{/a hours below 45°F. "Umbrellas," whi:h have been considered an tn- i^icstion cf frost, were obterved on riants which had not been frosted. The normal winter in Massachusetts :as 3:oa to 3809 houi's of below 45 °F temperatures. 1. Contribution No. 15 of the Cran- berry Experiment Station, Uni- versity of Massachusetts, East Wareham, Massachusetts. 2. Instructor and Professor. Literature Cited 1. Chandler, W. H. Deciduous Or- chards. Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia, 1951. 2. Chandler, W. H. Some studies of rest in apple trees. Proc. A.S.H.S. 76: 1-10. 1960. 3. Darrow, G. M. est period re- quirements for blueberries. Proc. A.S.H.S. $L: 189494. 1942. 4. Magoon, C. A. and I. W. Dix Observation on the response of grape vines to winter temperature as re- lated to their dormancy require- ments. Proc. A.S.H.S. 42: 407-412. 1943. 5. Wemberger, J. H. Chilling re- quirements of peach varieties. Proc. A.S.H.S. 56: 122-129. 1950. 6. Yamell, S. H. Texas studies on cold requirements of peaches. Proc. A.S.H.S. 37: 349-352. 1940. FIRST WORLD SOIL MAP Target Date 1968 The first soil map of the world' will be prepared by the Food and Agricultiu-e Organization (FAC) and the United Nations Educational^ Scientific and Cultural Organization The group, led by Dr. V. Kovdo of UNESCO, was composed of nine leading soil scientiests from the eight continental regions of the world and representatives of FAO, and the International Society of Soil Science. The first step will be the prepara-| tion of regional maps bearing am; integrated legned. The first draft' of a series of continental maps will' be available for the next Congress! of the International Society of Scai] Science in 1964. The second phase will be tht' preparation of a second draft of th«' soil map in 1966, with a view t< ' publication in 1968. (Better Crops j with Plant Food) FERTILITY LEVEL (Continued from Page 11) thus taking a look at the genera fertility level and present fertilize] practices in Southwestern Oregoi cranberry bogs. This should give u; several clues regarding our soil fer tility management practices, Hagel stein continues. Besides working with cranberr: growers, Hagelstem will be workinj with livestock producers and fam timber owners. Presently there i some 200,000 acres of forest cut-ove lands in Coos Ctounty, which is adapt ed to supporting both a growing live stock industry and intensive fores reseeding and management. Hagelstein is married and lives ii Coquille. The couple have thre* children, Douglas, age 15; Susan age 6; and Royce, four. \ 1962 IN REVIEW by Clapence J. Hall We are attempting and herewith present a review of the cranberry year of 1962, as revealed in the pages of the Cranberry Magazine. Outstanding would be the adoptions of the industry of the cranberry marketing order; the fact a record crop of cranberries was produced, particularly in Massachu- setts, which the year before had been down and this in spite of not too favorable growing conditions in almost all areas. This must show growers are becoming more efficient, although weather must always be an inevitable factor. There was progress in developing a European market for surplus berries, again the most helpful USDA purchase of about 100,000 barrels of fresh fruit for school lunches and the developments in wet harvesting in New Jersey and Massachusetts. Also some increasing use of overhead irriga- tion in both Wisconsin and Massachusetts. January There had been a relatively normal December in Massachusetts but with a first snow on the 17th and a day- before Christmas blizzard which much of New England called the worst storm in 50 years but was light in the cranberry area; a cold December in New Jersey and a"real old fashioned winter" in Wisconsin. There was an informative article in Cranberries by Dr. Bert M. Zucker- man on "The Evaluation of Long Term Fungicide Trials in Massachu- setts and Other Eicperiments." Directors of Cranberry Institute met in Washington, elected officers and it was decided the cranberry growers of the country should have the opportunity to vote on a Cran- berry Marketing Order, as had been under discussion for a long time. It was pointed out that hearings would have to be held in Massachusetts, New Jersey, Wisconsin and on the West Coast. Institute directors elected were Or- rin G. Colley, Duxbury. Mass; George C. P. Olsscn, Plymouth, president of Ocean Spray, Bert Leasure, Mani- towish Waters, Wisconsin, Ben G. Pannkuk, president of Indian Trail, Wisconsin Rapids, Leon April of April Eros, grower and independent pro- cessor of New Jersey; and Walter Z. Fort, manager of Growers' Cran- berry Company of New Jersey. Hear- ing' dates were to be announced later. The Massachusetts cranberry clubs held their first winter meetings and Wisconsin State Cranberry Growers' Association met at Wisconsin Rapids. A. E. Bark, president of DuBay Cran- berry Company, succeeding Dr. Phileo Nash as president; Mr. Pann- kuk vice president and Dr. George C. Klinbeil re-elected secretary- treasurer. The marketing order was discussed. It also developed that an experiment station for Wisconsin growers was only a remote possi bihtv. Dr. Malcolm N. Dana read an instructive paper on herbicides and Dr. D. M. Boone, both of the U. of Wisconsin gave a paper on fungicide experiments. This was a cold and snowy day but about 125 attended. D. J. Crowley, retired director of Washington Cranberry-Blueberry Sta- tion provided an article on the "High Yields in Washington Bogs," this be- ing based on the record '61 crop of that state of 139,000 bbls. January proved to be a relatively mild winter month, in Mass. with little snow. Earlv in January growers were urged to drop the water under the ice on flooded bogs to avert po- tentially dangerous oxygen deficiency and this was generally done. This compliance by the growers to Ex- periment Station suggestions is credi- ted with having been one factor in the large Massachusetts crop last fall. Wisconsin had the coldest Janu- ary since 1924 with up to 34 inches of snow accumulation in the north. New Jersey had slightly colder weather than "normal, with less rainfall and no oxvgen deficiency problem. In Washington there had been low hu- midity and cold weather with east winds, which brought about some bud iniury. February At February Massachusetts club meeting. Dr. "c. E. Cross, director of Mass. Station gave a "rousing" talk on the value of sprinkler sys- tems, telling of annual frost losses much greater than the average grow- er realized. This may have resulted in an increase in sprinklers in the Bay State and the fact some were installed in the spring. The Cross talk was published in Cranberries, as was an article on Simazine, new Cranberry Weed killer, by Irving E. Demoranville of the Station staff. Paul E. Thompson of Massachu- setts, long a prominent grower, much respected, passed away at an ad- v.^nced age. Marketmg orders were discussed at club meetings by George C. P. Ols- son, of Ocean Spray. There were other Ocean Spray speakers on the subject and opinions as to the desira- bility of its adoption were divided. Dr. Satendra Khera of India who is stationed at the Mass. cranberry sta- tion, working partly on cranberry nematodes, also made an address at this session. Weatherwise, February was a tougher month than previously that winter in Massachusetts, but on the whole it had not proved to be a "bad" one. Hiere was further oxygen deficiency problems, and it was be- lieved there may have been some vine injury. But, in Washington, cranberry terminal buds swelled as the weather was relatively mild. In New Jersey the weather was cold and wet and in Wisconsin Old Man Winter continued to hold his grip. March Massachusetts cranberry clubs elected officers; Southeastern, Ken- neth D. Beaton, president; Wm. M. Atwood, vice president, Paul Morse, secretary-treasurer; South Shore, Ro- bert J. Meharg, president, Chester Rogers, vice president; Elmer Ray- mond, secretary-treasurer; Cape Cod, Elwood Leeman, president, Francis Kendrick, vice president; Victor Adams, treasurer and Mrs. H. Craw- ford Hollidee, secretary. Dr. F. B. Chandler discussed fertilizer and seedling matters. It was March that the cranberry marketing order hearings had been slated for (running over into eariy April.) This matter was then the main problem before the industry and it was debated, discussed and generally talked about among grow- ers in all the cranberry areas A cranberry marketing committee had previously been named with Gilbert T Beaton chairman. From this trnie on the order was the dominent topic of conversation at least until the harvest began. First hearing at Wareham, Mass. high school took three full davs and one evening. It was conducted most present seemed to feel, with complete impartiality and fairness, but furoly bv Hearing Master, Benjamm M. Holstein, of the USDA. More than 1000 pages of transcript testimony was taken. Proponents were chiefly, but not all. Ocean Spray members and officials. Opponents were chieny, again not quite all, independent hand- lers and their growers. Most strong- ly opposing seemed to be the m- dependent handlers, Decas Bros of Wareham, Peter A. LeSage, (PALS Cranberries) Plymouth and Ben U. Pannkuck, president of Indian Trail, Inc. who came east from Wisconsin and the J. J. Beaton Company, Ware- ham, which had not then jomed Ocean Spray but was independent. In fact, this group with the excei> tion of Indian Trail was represented by Att. Blair L. Perry of Boston, who took exceptions to rulings m some instances and later filed a 47- page brief, dissenting. Proponents testified, (aU testimony under oath) that a marketing order was desirable for the best interest of the entire industry, as with a set- aside provision it would reduce berry surplus on the market, and lead to more orderly marketing and thus in- creased returns to all growers. It was described by President George C. P. OLsson president of Ocean Spray as a "bridge," to get the industry over Thirteea its marketing problems. Opponents charged that the sur- plus was largely, or almost entirely, in the hands of the "big coopera- tive;" that the order would aid. Ocean Spray, which then had about 80 percent of growers and produc- tion; would be a blow at "free en- terprise," and would bring govern- ment control into the cranberry in- dustry. Besides the brief by Att. Blair, one was filed by Ocean Spray and sev- eral others pro and con. A rather surprising fact was that the Massa- chusetts hearing was attended by very few cranberry growers. Next came the New Jersey hear- ing, which was a continuation, and in this there were about the same argiiments on both sides. There was divided testimony even though earl- ier, at an unofficial meeting there had been an informal vote taken with most against. In Wisconsin on April 2, at Wiscon- sin Rapids there was again divided opinion and testimony, with much strong opposition bv Indian Trail and Vernon Goldsworthy, president of Cranberry Products, Inc. of Eagle River, Independent. A final section of the hearing for the West Coast was at Grayland, Washington, with most West Coast growers being mem- bers of the cooD, and no major in- deoendent distributors. The industry then settled back to await a decision on the evidence bv the United States Department of AETiculture. March had been about normal in weather in Massachusetts; the hard winter ended in Wisconsin, in New Jersey the weather had been wetter and colder than normal and on the West Coast an almost arid month. The Mass nreliminary keepin? quality forecast was very unfavor- able, but later weather conditions reversed this. April The spring meeting of Caoe Cod Cranberry Growers' Association was devoted larsrely to a discussion of the marketing order. At the March meetings of Mass. Cranberry Clubs Prof. John S. Norton had given a talk on the entire engineering pro- gram of the Mass. Experiment Sta- tion. This was printed in full in the April issue of Cranberries. Ocean Spray made a switch in advertising agencies for its heavy advertising program, the new agency being Mc- Cann-Erickson of New York, one of the largest and most progressive agencies in the business. With soring, interest was revived among Mass. growers in the installa- tion of sorinkler systems and a num- ber were put in for the 1962 season in Mass. There was no early spring in Mass. duimg the last part of April. First Mass. frost warnings went out on normal. There was dry "vreather in New Jersey the first half of the month. In Wisconsin the snow cover slowly melted and there was ample water for frost protection. On the West Coast a lot of granular herbi- cides were applied, and buds were in the "white stage." May An informative article on "Pro- tection from Frost," by Dr. Charles C. Doughty, director of the Washing- ton Cranberry Station was published in Cranberries. On the first day of May Ben Pann- kuk of Indian Trail and Marcus M. Urann, of Ocean Spray made the second visitation to Europe in the continuing promotion of American cranberries in Western Europe, in cooperation with the USDA. Both are directors of the Cranberry Institute. They visited Dublin, Ireland, Man- chester and London, England, Rot- terdam and Amsterdam in the Neth- erlands, Brussels, Belgium and Rot- terdam, Frankfort, Germany; re-af- firming the report of the first cran- berry delgates that there is a defi- nite potential market for American cranberries. Sprinkler irrigation and frost pro- tecdon also gained in Wisconsin. Juns On June 15 the USDA announced its long-awaited decicion on the market- ing order. It issued a recoirUmended decision on the proposed agreement and marketing order, whi^h 'meant the proposal of such an order would go before every grower in the indus- try for a "yes," or "no" vo;e. It was indicated this might be on the \?eek of July 26. A letter from John C. .Jeca: cl Decas Bros, was published in v/hich he opposed acceptance cf the order and "there was a letter from Mr. Clsson to Ocean Spray members in which he told of market gains in other commodities under such order. It had been brought out at the hearings at Wareham that a new idependent cannery was planned for Wareham, and this concerned the 2eato'i interests and would be known as the Beaton Manufacturing Com- pany. This v/as hailed by mpny in May, as plans were apparently rrogressing satisfactorily. Real summer weather came to Massachusetts, rains were adequate and insect infestations were turning out to be light. June was a favorable month in New Jersey and in Wiscon- sin it was also good, but there was frost loss estimated at 10,000 barrels, and some hail loss. Mass. spring frost losres were set at only 2500- 3000 barrels. New plantings in that state were reported as doing nicely ixi Wisconsin. July The Secretary of Agriculture "finalized" the decision that the cranberry marketing order would be April 17. Bud development was about put to a grower vote and the week of voting was set from July 22 to Jvily 30. Ocean Spray had a snappy commercial on the "Today" show. Ocean Spray plant workers in Mass- achusetts voted to join the Teamsters Union. A cranberry bog spraying plane crashed in Wareham with fatal injury to the pilot. Continued dryness in Massachu- setts threatened a potential crop estimate of 7500,000 barrels. August It developed the industry had voted "in" the marketing agreenrent and order, with a vo'e announced by the USDA as being by "more than 70 percent favorable both by volume and number representing 88 percent of the number of growers ehgible to vote." Time was very short to get the order machinery worldng and various states began tho nominations of candidates to comprise the Cran- berry Marketing Committee of 7 v/hich would administer the order, ca'^h principal to have an alternate. Other important industry develop- ments were that the big Beaton in- (srests of about 760 acres had de- cided to join Ocean Spray, and that Beaton's Distributing Agency, long a n-:iaior inrkpendf^t h-n-'ler was to become "inactive" and that the proposed Beaton inde-:endent can- nery at Wareham would not be built, j This chanpe in marketing affiliations brought Ocean Spray representation up to about 85 percent of production. H. Gordon Mann, long-time sales manager of Ocean Spray died and Lester F. Haines, who had been working out of the North Chicago office for the crop was named sales manager. He is to come east in January. "Dick" Beattie, long specialist in Massachusetts and much respected resigned from that position to accept an appointment as new associate director, Massachusetts Extension Service at the University of Mass- achusetts at Amherst. In Mass. it had proved to be a season relatively free of msects, there had been very little hail loss, and growers tried every way possible to alleviate the drought conditions which had began in late June; bj flash flood, filling ditches, portable and permanent sprinkler system, and miade considerably headway. L: Washington a late bloom had hurt the set, rainfall had proved scanty. New Jersey saw a very cold July, bui with normal rain, with smaller ber ries developing. The prospective croi was reported 10 percent off. Growers at the annual Cape Coc Cranberry Growers' Associatior meeting heard the largest nationa crop ever was in the making, ar estimated 1,300,000, Mass. 740,000 New Jersey, 108,000, Wisconsin, 430. OOO, Washington 82,500 and Oregon 34.000. Officers elected were; Pliilip R Gibbs, president; Raymond L. Morse rst vice president, 2nd vice presi- ent, Alfred L. Pappi; secretary, William M. Atwood and treasurer, Irs. Ruth Beaton. At the annual Ocean Spray meet- ag, Hanson, Mass., the potential f the European Market was dis- ussed, by several, including Joseph I. Parker, council for the cranberry tistitute. President Olsson and Gen- ral Manager and Executive Presi- lent Ambrose E. Stevens and other fficials gave their annual reports. Nominated and elected were 24 lirectors, these being; Massachu- etts, Victor F. Adams, Osterville; ■"rank P. Crandon, Acushnet; Wil- iam E. Crowell, Dennis; David W. Cldredge, South Carver; Carroll D. jriffith, South Carver; Richard A. ieleen, Middleboro; Russell Make- )eace, Marion; Elmer E. Raympnd, Jraintree; Alvin R. Reid, Hanson; :hester W. Robbins, Onset; Miss CUen Stillman, Hanson; Marcus M. Jrann, South Duxbury; New Jersey, tohn E. Cutts, Vincentown; Thomas 3. Darlington, New Lisbon; William >. Haines, Ghatsworth; Wisconsin, Al- rin E. Bark, Wisconsin Rapids; Don- ild S. Duckart, Wisconsin Rapids; jsster M. Gordon, Tomah; Gerald \K. Potter, Warrens; Tony Jonjak, iayward; Washington; Norman I. irateng. Longs Beach; David E. :^yde, Grayland; Oregon; James >lson, Bandon. These elected president, George 1 P. Olsson; vice president Lester VI. Gordon, Wisconsin; secretary, :iussell MaJcepeace and treasurer Chester W. Robbins. Mr. Gordon succeeded Bert J. Leasure of Wis- consin, who had previously been lonored upon his retirement as an >cean Sipray director. There bad been a fairly substantial 'ain in Mass. in August and then igain rain, the drought conditions lad ended. The No. 1 hurricane of he season, brushed the Cape and wrought high winds and 2.30 inches )f rain. It was a cold month in that state and brought to an end a very, '•ery cool summer. On the West roast the month was cool and damp, iugust weather was not good for the ize in Wisconsin, and it was be- ieved the estimate may have been 00 high. A carload or two was harvested ate in the month and sold at a very xood price. ; September " The Mass. harvest really got under- lay the 10th. Ocean Spray opened he Early Blacks at $4.25 a quarter. The University of Massachusetts lonored one of its trustees, Cranberry Grower Alden C. Brett by taming a new dormitory at Amherst liter him. For the first time the loard of trustees held a meeting at he Mass. Cranberry Station. It was not until August 31 that the ^anberry marketing committee ;^th both principals and alternates ttending held its first meeting at Wareham, Mass. Town Hall. This was a long session and representa- tives of Ocean Spray wanted the set-aside placed at 22 percent and independents miuch lower. With the USDA crop estimate, and an estimated carry-over the total number of berries to be sold was figured to be 1,619,000 barrels. It was estimated 125,000 barrels should be held for processing needs. Costs of the marketing order com- mittee (members of which are un- paid) would be $49,500 and this meant an assessment upon each grower of 4 cents a barrel. For the order the country had been divided into four districts and the principals and alternates are: Massachusetts district, John C. Decas and alternate, John N. Decas, independent; George C. P. Olsson, Plymo..th and Maurice Makepeace, Marion, alternate, representing Ocean Sipray; New Jersey district, Walter Z. Fort, manager Growers' Cran- berry Compiany, PemTserton and alternate, J. Rogers Brick, Medford, independents ; Anthony DeMarco, Hammonton, and Joseph A. Palmer, Tuckerton, alternate Ocean Spray Wisconsin, Ben G. Pannkuk, Wiscon- sin Rapids and Frederick J. Barber, Warrens, independents and Raymond Habelman, Tomah, and alternate, Clarence A. Searles, Wisconsin Rapids, Ocean Spray. The West Coast is practically solid Ocean Spray memtership and has no independent; for Ocean Spray, Frank O. Glenn, Jr. Long Beach and alter- nate, John R. O'Hagen, Grayland, both of Washington. This was generally a harmonious session, with the order in effect, it was decided growers must get be- hind it. Second session Sept. 12 and 13 at the Logan Airport Hotel, Bos- ton was less in accord. As an ex- pected USDA school lunch purchase of about 100,000 barrels of fresh cranberries had been authorized the restricted pool was reduced from 18 percent to 12. The committee appointed Anthony Briggs of Marion, Mass., formerly associated with the Beaton interests in both growing and sales was named marketing manager. He later appointed as fieldmen; Massachu- setts, Joe Kelley, New Jersey, Charles A. Doehlert; Wisconsin, Har- old D, Roberts. Oregon and Washing- ton, D. J. Crowley. October The very last of September and much of October and early Novem- ber proved to bring forth one of the most "impossible," harvest seasons in Massachusetts. As the growers said, "when it wasn't cold with all but nightly frosts, it rained, and rained hard." Harvest was not com- pleted until just after the Nov. 11, Armistice Day holiday But the Mass. crop was holding and generally believed going up, one thing being due to increased size in the delayed harvest. It Was a big crop of quality fruit. On the other hand, wmle Wisconsin had crop harvest weather, berries had not sized, due to a cold summer, at least in part there were however, frosts ana even hail, and the prospects were down. This was also imjportantly true in Washington and in Oregon and iNew Jersey. The Mass. harvest was complicated by a harvest box shortage, tne second m succession. Notable, of course, was the in- creased amount of wet harvest in New Jersey and the extensive pio- neering by one man in Mass., as pointed out in the last issue. November The end of October and November brought an almost unprecedented amount of rain in Massachusetts and cold weather with frequent frosts and frost warnings. Harvesting lag- ged abnormally late into the month, the very last of the harvest not be- ing completed until -the last week of November. As harvest had progressed, it be- came evident that Massachusetts would come up to about the earlier forecasts of aoout 770,000 barrels. It became equally eviaent that ocner areas were not coming up, notably in Wisconsin, where there was a bad drop and also in Wasnington. Tne November USDa estimate was for a total of 1,354,000, exceeding 1960 when there was the previous record of 1,340,700. Whether tnis was equalled or exceeded was not known as this issue was closed. Strong Market, Prices Up The maricet was strong all season, the price opening at $17.00 tor early varieties and this was uppea jusd be- fore Thanksgiving for the Late Howes to $18.00. Last year's price was $16.00 opening ana there were some price cuttmgs. While there were no aefinite conclusions it seems that tne markecmg order may have firm- ed the marKet and pernaps tendea to bring better net retains to at least some growers and to have laid a good foundation for next year. December Much of the activity of this month is reported in this issue. DEAN SPIELMAN, U. OF ivIASS. NAMED TO POSITION Dr. Arless A. Spielman, dean of the College of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts has been named chair- man of the division of agriculture of the Association of State Universities and land-grant colleges. Dean Spiel- man was named at the 76th annual meeting of the association in Wash- ington. He presently is vice chair- man of the association of Northeast- em Experiment Stations directors and a member of its interim com- mittee. Pift««a Lester F. Haines, (left) who has been in charge of Ocean Spray's fresh cranberry sales and who has now been appointed general sales manager, is shown here with Ambrose E. Stevens, executive vice-presi- dent and general manager of Ocean Spray "Les," who comes from a New Jersey family long prominent in cranberry growing, will leave his post at North Chicago, where he has been active for a nimiber of years, and make his home in Massachusetts about January first. (Hudson Studio, Brockton) Pesticides At Work You almost didn't get your orange juice this morning! If a certain insect had been allow- ed to breed and spread out of con- trol, you wouldn't have had orange juice for breakfast — or grapefruit. Why? Simply because there wouldn't be any fruit. But thanks to the teamwork be- tween citrus growers, inspectors, scientists, and the pesticide industry, oranges and grapefruit are available in large healthful quantities the year around. That teamwork rescued tihe citrus industry from disaster — and you from juiceless breakfasts. Ever hear of the Medfly? That's short for Mediterranean fruit fly, a destructive insect pest in all other fruit producing countries. On three separate occasions the Medfly threa- tened the U. S. citrus industry. The Medfly is a world traveler which hitohhikes rides in luggage, on imported fruit, in ship holds, air- plans, autos and trucks. By law and an efficient corps of U. S. plant quarantine inspectors, the Medfly's barred from entering this country. Because he's not around, you get your orange juice "as usual." A native of Africa, the Medfly ruins half or more of the fruit and vege- tables grown in Greece. In some areas of South America, fruit pro- duction has been brought to a standstill by this destructive pest. Infestations could be that serious in the United States if we let them gret away from us. We almost did back in 1929. That year the Med- fly made its first appearance in Florida. No effective pesticides had been developed which could cope with the infestation. Control involved destruction of hundreds of thousands of boxes of fruit, an embargo on all fruit shipments, and stripping of all fruit from trees. Only by destruc- tion of every single fruit, where Medfly eggs might be laid, could control of the pest be assiired. It took Florida citrus growers, businessmen, bankers, and others years and years to recover from the disastrous Medfly infestation of 1929. Fortunately, the California, Arizona and Texas citrus industries have never been threatened by the Med- fly. In 1956, a second Medfly infesta- tion hit Florida, which annually pro- duces some 75 percent of the U. S. citrus fruits worth $L billion. An eradication program with pesticides was launched. 300,000 acres, $20 million, and twelve months later, the Medfly's threat to Florida's citrus industry was ended. Signifi- cantly, there was not one instance of human illness which could be blamied on the vast pesticide spray program. In June, 1962, the Medfly hit agair. in Florida. Spurred by memories of the 1929 disaster and armed with knowledge from 1956 — plus some newly developed tricks — a full-scale war was launched against the in- vader. New methods of pesticide ap- plication and more effective Medfly trapping devices did away costly, large-scale spraying operations. More efficient tallying procedures allowed state and federal control authorities to move with lighting speed. A quarantine was quickly clamped on infested areas. And a forewarned public — growers, shippers, ware- housemen, state officials, and others directly concerned — did their bit to help the infestation from breaking out of a relatively small area of the State. (NAC FEATURE NEWS) SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES what do we sell... packages or CBANBEBBIES ! Sometimes it's hard to tell! Because the famous Continental MERCHANDISER DIGEST takes your products to over 50,000 retailers across the nation - spreading the word about your promotions everjnvhere. Monthly coverage like this shows the grocer what you're doing, and what he can do to tie-in. Making news, influencing buying habits, and building sales with striking display ideas - an exclusive marketixig service, by Continental for you! CONTIIMENTAL^^CAN COMPANY •as THIRD AVENUE. NEW YORK IT. N. V. mtkum ::kML 6is4a.l.s ISSUE OF DECEMBER 1962 VOL. 27 - NO. 8 xHi- Wfc^VOKAlCMtiefflRy^^ WE MUST NOT DESTROY FRESH FRUIT MARKET Dr. C. E. Cross pointed out in his arti- cle last month, very strongly that more con- sideration must be given to quality fruit especially in the fresh fruit market. Others have said the same thing; it was discussed at length at the Mass. Ocean Spray direc- tor's meeting for grower-members at Ware- ham. This is really a vital matter. Mechani- cal harvest, although fast and cheaper has brought its problems in scarring and bruis- ing. In water harvest and in all other har- vest today the berries get a lot of tossing around from the vine to the screening room, this even before the "bouncing" of the separators. We need the fresh fruit outlet, there is demand for fresh cranberries if they can be purchased in good condition and if they are a quality pack. We must not spoil our fresh fruit market by inferior quality. OH, COME NOW WALL STREET JOURNAL! We would like to take issue with a news story in the estimable Wall Street Journal of Nov. 23. In the story, datelined, Wareham, Mass. and under a head, **Cran- berry Growers' Recipe for Holidays; Gath- er Crop, Oil Well," it referred to a recipe that is "very popular in New England," which is "to mix large quantities of cran- berries with gallons and gallons of kero- sine or fuel oil. The concoction may sound uninviting but cranberry growers appa- rently love it." This is in reference, of course, to the destroying of cranberries in the restricted pool. Well, we'd venture to bet cranberry growers had much rather sell all their cranberries in undiluted fresh form, or made up into cranberry products — if they could at a price which would net them a reasonable return on their investment and labor. And, furthermore, more than half of the growers being New Englanders with the N. E. trait of being saving, would much prefer not to have to buy the kero- sene, or fuel oil at all. It may sound something like "hootin" up a rainbarrel" to speak of a Western CLARENCE J. HALL Editor and Publisher EDITH S. HALL— Associate Editor Wareham, Massachusetts SUBSCRIPTIONS, $3.50 Per Year, FOREIGN, $4.50 CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin LEO A. SORENSON Cranberry Consultant Wisconsin Rapids Wisconsin Dr. Washington CHARLES C. DOUGHTY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. Oregon GRANT SCOTT Coquille, Ore. Massachusetts Dr. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. New Jersey P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey European market for American cranber- ries. This fruit is relatively unknown there, it is true. But many of us can recall when an orange was a Christmas treat in north- ern climes, so with grapefruit, rather than a daily necessity as now. So with avocado pears and other "exotic" fruits and vege- tables. We in North America didn't know what bananas were until a Cape Cod sea captain went down to the banana countries and brought back a load. Now bananas are a commonplace. Cranberry consumption can be im- proved in several ways, one is by new pro- ducts, another is by — building new mar- kets. A Most Merry Christmas to all. SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS Fresh From The Fields Continued from Page 6) WISCONSIN Ind'ian Summer" November was the second month in a row with both temperatures be- ing above normal and precipitation below normal. The month started rather cool and ended up very much above normal. Precipitation was mainly in the form of snow, with most of the state receiving from 2-4 inches on the 23rd. Overall tem- peratures averaged close to two de- grees above normal with precipita- tion only one third of normal. The warm temperatures quickly melted the snow and gave the state belated Indian summer. Rainfall defeciencies were most acute in the southern part of the state with a minus 7.5 inches, for the year. At months end there were ample water supplies in all cranberry areas for the winter floods. The extended forecast for December calls for temperatures to average above normal and precipitation be- low normal. Few Berries Left — Heavy Shrinkage The State had the fewest berries on hand following Thanksgiving since the end of the war. Fewer than 5000 barrels were estimated to be packed out by the first of December. Quality SPRINKLER SYSTEMS PUMPS HIGH CAPCITY WELLS ROBERTS IRRSGATSON SERVICE STEVENS POINT WISCONSIN of the crop continued to run the poorest in years and shrinkage was the greatest in most growers memo- ries. Harvesting was completed the end of the first week of November on several marshes which had sec- tions ice covered the last of October. Bud Above Average The fine weather since completion of harvesting enabled growers to complete considerable marsh work. With the absence of any frost con- siderable ditch cleaning and bulk- head replacement work was done. Vines went dormant early this fall with the cool weather in September and as winter approached they ap- peared to have reached complete dormancy. Based on early sampling it appeared as though the fruit bud for next year would be well above average. This was especially true on those properties where frost damage was suffered early in the season. OREGOM Most Fr it To Cannery Oregon conditions this past sea- son did not tend to make for fresh fruit quality, so that nearly all berries were turned into processed. One reason was spring fro;t. Weather Station The weather bureau has installed a station on the bog of Ray Bates, and Bates is keeping a record of weather conditions, to be of help to Oregon growers. Oregon State Uni- i versity is attempting to determine ' what temperatures are causing win- j terkill. i Visitors j The cranberry area had quite a | few out-of-state visitors this psst j season. There were several from Wisconsin, also Jack Bell of Van- couver and several college men from CaUfomia. INDIAN TRAIL, inc. WORKING— MERCHANDIZING— SELLING WISCONSIN-GROWN CRANBERRIES 12 Months of the Year Moving FRESH — FROZEN— — CANNED & JUICE — Striving always to move TOP-QUAL- ITY products at TOP PRICES for bet- ter returns to WISCONSIN Growers. P. 0. BOX 710, WIS. RAPIDS, WIS. Twenty SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS FOR SALE SEARLES JUMBO HOWES, McFARLlN Vines for delivery in 1S62 $125.00 Ton F.O.B. EVTERESTED IN PURCHASING WISCONSIN CRANBERRY PROPERTIES *4>4:>):4i4:*i|c4<4:4 Vernon Goldsworthy B.S. & M.S. University of Wisconsin Cranberry Consultant Fees Reasonable EAGLE RIVER WISCONSIN Z%^'Jiii^si^3^^ ^,S»S.v5C ^<£S^.^frv> DANA MACHINE & SUPPLY Co. Wis. Rapids Wis. MFtiS. of: SPRAY BOOMS GRASS CLIPPERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS Getsinger Retracto tooth pickers Dryers DISTR. of: VEE BEiLTS & PULLEYS ROLLER CHAINS SPROCKETS & BEARINGS CONVEYOR BELTING STEEL OUR PRODUCTS Strained Cranberry Sauce Whole Cranberry Sauce Cransvveets Diced Cransvveets Cranberry Apple Sauce Spiced Cranberries Cranberry Chilli Sauce Cranberry Bar-B-Q Sauce Cranberry Orange Relish Cranberry Vinegar Cranberry-Strawberry Preserves Cranberry Juice Cranberry-Cherry Preserves Cran-Beri Cranberry-Pineapple Preserves Cran-Vari Cranberry-Raspberry Preserves Cran-Puri Cranberry-Rhubarb Preserves Cranberry Puree Cranberry-Gooseberry Preserves Cran-Bake Sliced and Whole Maraschino Cranberries Consumer Size «&; Bulk Fresh Cranberries Cranberry Products, Inc. EAGLE RIVER, WISCONSIN -^- ~ ^ ^ - .i^:? >.xS-.<.. xicft^'^ i v^ CORRUGATED CULVERT PIPE and FLOW GATES Felker Bros. Mfg. Co. MARSHFIELD WISCONSIN Piione 230 - 231 WISCONSIN CRANBERRY GROWERS are using more Signature Fertilizer year after year • Pelletized • Homogeneous ® Dustless • Free-Flowing • 50 lb. Bags E. RAUH & SONS FERTILIZER CO. Indianapolis & Plymouth, Ind. YOU Are reading this ad. Others will read yours in CRANBERRIES Magazine Library, Univ. of Maaft ^4 y This is onofher round In our confinuing campaign to feach all America fhaf IF IT SMELLS GOOD, LOOKS GOOD, TASTES GOOD, PUT CRANBERRY SAUCE ON IT. our appetizing four-color pages are appearing in American Home, McCaWs, Good Housekeeping, Ladies Home Journal. As we say in the ads, HEIGHTEN THE FLAVOR, BRIGHTEN THE PLATE WITH OCEAN SPRAY. VING A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY lAPE COD «W JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON CANADA MIS8 ELLEN STILLMAN, Long Key Figure in Ocean Spraj Advertising Executive, Now Retired to Wnte^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^ 35 Cents JANUARY 1963 DIRECTORY For CRANBERRY GROWERS Wdrcester Paper PREFABRICATED IIIIIBIII Box Corporation FLUMES iCKARLES W. HARRIS! MEDFORD, MASS. Tel. MYstic 8-5305 Straightline Pumps i Company i I 451 Old Somerset Ave. | Bog Railroads 1 North Dighton, Mass. 1 Manufacturers For Rent 1 AMES 1 of CONSULTANT ■ m 1 Irrigation Systems i Folding Cartons On Water Problems 1 Sprinklers | and RUSSELL A. TRUFANT 1 Weed killers | i Insecticides 1 Displays North Carver, Mass. Tel. i ■ 1 Fungicides g UNion 6-C696 1 Kiekens - Duster .-md Sprayers ■ WATER WHITE KEROSENE Wareham Savings EOUiPMENT For use on Cranberry Bogs Bank HAYDEN Also STODDARD SOLVEm WAREHAM and FALMOUTH - SEPARATOR - Prompt Delivery Service Savings Accountg WAREHAM, MASS. Franconia Coal Co. Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Hoxes to Rent Irrigation Systems PUMPS — Inc. — SEPARATORS - BLOWtRS Wareham, Mass. Phone CYpress 5-3800 SCREENHOUSE EQUIPMENT Tel. CY 5-0039 Kimball 8-3000 DARLINGTON PICKING MACHINES The National Ba nk of Wareham Extensive Experience in Conveniently located for Cranberry Men ELECTRICAL WORK ALFRED PAPPI At Screenhouses. Bocs and Pumps Means Satis faeUra Funds always avail able for sound loans WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. CY 5-2000 Complete Ba nking Service SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES Member Federal De 9o»it iMOMMce Co>». 1962 Crop 1,335,000, Second Highest Of Record Massachusetts with 770,000 Also Has Second Highest and Only State Which Exceeded 1961. The United States cranberry crop, according to the final estimate of the United States Department of Agriculture has turned out to be the second largest in production, 1,335,- 000, barrels, exceeded only slightly by the record of 1960, (1,340,700). The Massachusetts crop v/as the only one which materialized to early sea- son expectations and was also the second largest for that state, 770,000 barrels. The total crop is 8 percent above last year and 24 percent above average. Massachusetts produced 68 percent of the national total. It was a whopping 63 percent over the small production of 1961 and 33 percent above average. All states, with the exception of Massachusetts showed declines from their production in 1961. The Massachusetts crop was threat- ened by dry weather, but rains came before it was too late and in time to size one of the best sets ever observed in Massachusetts. Frost losses were relatively light and in- sect losses very light. Production prospects declined during the late season in Wisconsin where abnorm- ally cool weather limited the size of berries. The final 380,000 barrel crop harvest there was down 18 percent from last year's record crop, but was 21 percent above average. On the West Coast, where Wash- ington harvested 55,000, as compared SANDERS Built from $750. WHEEL-OFF RIGS FLUMES Built to Order Welder and Power Shovel Available Will do Custom Sanding Oiva Hanoula Carver, Mass. UN 6-4419 to its record of 139,000 last year and Oregon down to 28,000, berry sizes were smaller than expected earlier, because of a cool season and quality was reduced somewhat in some areas by high winds in October. Production in both these states falls short of the ten-year average, although this average, has been increasing in re- cent years. The New Jersey crop was placed at 102,000 barrels down from 118,000 last year, but above average for the ten-year period. Although Jersey cranberry production was down on the 3,000 acres harvested, and the farm value set at $887,000 (based on previous years average price;) the cultivated blueberry crop was up, 6,900 acres were harvested as com- pared to 6,700 in 1961, the average yield in trays sent up to 240 per acre and compared to 220 in 1961 and farm value was placed at $4,388,000 as compared to $4,201,000 in 1961. The upward trend in this crop in South Jersey is continuing, as new planting continues and the increase is expected to continue in the im- mediate years ahead. As usual, in most recent years, topping in yield per acre was Wis- consin with 88.4 barrels per acre; second, Massachusetts, 61.6; Oregon, 50; and Washington, 50; New Jersey, 34. Last year Washington carried off the honors. Same Observation While the record crop in Massa- chusetts in 1960, when production reached 805,000 barrels was due pri- marily to favorable weather con- ditions, production this fall was not due to weather, in the opinion of Dr. C. E. Cross, director of Massa- chusetts Cranberry Station. He is inclined to credit the 770,000 barrels of this fall due in good part to good growing on the part of most growers. He recalls it was not a mild, open winter last winter; that severe oxy- gen deficiency conditions built up in February and March, warnings were issued to growers to pull the water from under the ice. This was rather generally done. He believes this exposure of the vines to the winter air toughened them, so they were better able to withstand spring frosts. Much of the summer was far too dry with drought conditions prevailing; growers met these conditions with a good deal of artificial irrigation, by using what sprinkler systems had been installed and by getting up portable systems, by ditch irrigation and flash flooding. He believes this irrigation, especially the portable types proved very ef- fective in the emergency. Although insect infestations were generally light, growers did meet these infestations with timely appli- cations and kept losses to a very minimum. Herbicides were also ex- tensively used. Fungicides and ferti- lizers played there part. As regards 1963 prospects in Massa- chusetts the bud is not called too large in size, but there always seems to be enough bud for a potential big crop and the sunshine factor for the year is apparently up, although final figures had not been received as this goes to press. From January to July, excess hours totalled more than 90. Also an important factor is the rainfall in October and Novem- ber, this being above average in both months. However, November TAKE ADVANTAGE of the BETTER things of life. The efficient USE OF ELECTRICITY is one of these better things — efficient use in power for cran- berry bog operations, and in the home. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM CYpress 5-0200 PLYMOUTH Pilgrim 6-1300 SHARON BOX COMPANY, INC. ESTABLISHED ls5r, SHARON, MASSACHUSETTS We Will Buy Your White Pine Logs, Either Standing or Cut • Highest Prices Paid • Sawmill located at North Carver, Mass. Office Phones: Sharon, SU 4-2011 Carver. UN 6-2234 If You Want A Good Flume At A Low Cost Use All Heart Redwood 60,000 Ft. on hand for Prompt Delivery 6x8 — 6x6 — 4x6 — 4x4 Planking - Square Edged or Matched 2x6 2x8 2x 10 2x12 SEND FOR YOUR FREE FOLDER ON THE "DURABILITY OF REDWOOD" E. W. Goodhue Lumber Cci., Inc. MIDDI^BORO ROAD EAST FREETOWN, MASS Phones Rockwell 3-8811 — Middleboro 1271 Hold full flavor in your cranberry pack CORN PRODUCTS COMPANY Manufacturers of fine prodiicts for the food iyidustrij . . . and popular Best Foods Division grocery brands for the consumer. was deficient in sunshine, which is one of the important months. From Wisconsin comes one report that there was extremely warm wea- ther for the end of November and the first part of December, and this period had daily averages as much as 20 degrees above normal. Daily records were set in all parts of the state; Madison, with early 100 years observation broke four consecutive daily high records. This stimulated the buds to some activity and then ; with, the extremely cold weather which followed, it was indicated that \ there might readily have been some i bud injury and this might have been fairly extensive over the state, which might result in a reduction of next , years crop. Another opinion differs as to possible damage. (See Page 6) However, these latter observations at this time of the year are highly speculative, as so many factors en- ter into producing a crop. Mass. Club First Meeting Jan. 23, 24 Dates have been set for the Jan- uary, or first, of the winter series of meetings of the Massachusetts cranberry clubs. These will be a session of the Cape Ce Cod Canal closed at times. Then Came Cold First rain and colder weather of December came on the fifth and 6th and it was goodbye to the Indian Summer. This storm was a rather wild northeastern, still another this fall and brought about an inch of rain as recorded at the Cranberry Station. Although the ground was not fro- zen a few growers had begun to flood up the bogs for the winter. The month up to the 10th was more than 40 degrees warmer than average. More Cold The weather turned abruptly cold- er on the 11th, with 20 being regis- tered at the State Bog in the shelter. The ground began to crust over, there was skim ice on small ponds, and even ice forming along salt river shores. A few growers were apprehensive about winterkill as there were very cold and high winds. No damage was done however, as the ground had not been frozen for long, preventing easy sap flow. The 14th brought a 12 in the shelter, lowest reading that far. First General Snow The below freezing weather con- tinued for five straight days with the coldest zero on a Cape bog. On the 15th came the first general snow of the year, and although this was only an inch or two over the cranberry area it remained and there was more snow on the 17th. A Green Christmas It was a green Christmas in the cranberry area, even though the day was a cloudy one. Weather the day after was almost springlike, balmy, and temperatures on the Cape reach- ed into the mid-forties. Bogs Frozen Over Bogs and ponds were completely frozen over by Christmas, and there was ice skating on many. Most bogs were flooded. Month Ended Bitter The month of December, which be- gan so mild and then fluctuated up and down went out in one of the bitterest periods in weather history for many a year. There was a sud- den drop of 45 degrees from the 29th to the 30th. Air straight from the Artie placed all New England in a deep freeze. Zero Weather The temperature was 14 above in the shelter at the State Bog on the 29th, 6 below on the 30th. Lower de- grees were recorded at other points, down to 15 and 20 below in varioiis parts of N. E. and it was also colder in some portions of the cranberry area. The 6 below was the lowest reading of the entire year, 1%2, and the lowest since Feb. 8 of 1961 when it was also 6 below at the State Bog, Near Hurricane Winds But, the worst feature were the extremely high winds in the zero temperatures. These were common at 60 miles and hour and up to 70, AGENT FOR WIGGINS AIRWAYS BOG SERVICE AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS HAND SPRAYERS - TOOLS - POWER EQUIPMENT AUTHORIZED BRIGGS AND STRATTON SERVICE CENTER R. F. MORSE & SON, INC. Cranberry Highway West Wareham, Mass. CY 5-1553 \ or hurricane force in gusts. There were power outages in the cranberry area and elsewhere, leaving homes without heat or lights, burst home water pipes, cars frozen up and un- able to be started. A light skim of frozen rain and ice left roads dan- gerous. Some Acreage Out A good deal of Massachusetts acre- age had been left unflooded to that time, and there were the bogs which did not have winter coverage. Dr. Cross, said he believed there had been no damage to the last day of December from either winterkill or oxygen deficiency, but the former was at the critical point. There was more frost in the ground than nor- mal. The month ended with a minus of exactly 100 degrees on the 31st. The year as a whole was 316 degrees colder at Boston. Rainfall for the month was 3.65 inches of which 6.6 inches was esti- mated as snow at the State Bog. But what snow there was for the most part remained only briefly. Normal precipitation is 3.90. The old year 1%2 ended thus, with a bitter bang. January Starts Mild The first ten days of January turn- ed out to be somewhat above nor- mal in temperature with no snow or much rain. Checks seemed to show theit^ Lad been no wniteikilhn^ oi oxygen deficiency injury to bogs. WISCONSIN December Record Highs — Lows December brought great contrasts in temperature. All-time record highs and lows were set in all areas of the state. The month started with ex- tremely warm readings the first week, extremely cold readings the second week, moderate readings the third week and below normal the last week. During the first period, temperatures averaged as much as 20 degrees above normal with 4 con- secutive daily high records breaking 100 year old records. Golf links were in use early in December and dande- lions were in bloom as far north as central Wisconsin. Record high dur- ing the period was 62 on the 2nd. Lakes that had frozen over opened and frost left the soil after having penetrated several inches. A strong cold wave crossed over the state the weekend of the 8th dropping temperatures well below zero by the 11th. All-time lows of 30 degrees below zero were set on the 12th in the central and north. The third week brought readings 4 to 6 ('egrees above normal followed by a cold wave the last week with read- ings as low as 35 to 40 below. These low readings the last of the month ?lso set all-time records in most 'c leas SHAWMUT GLASS CONTAINERS, Inc. REPRESENTING KNOX GLASS, Inc. 25 EAST STREET CAMBRIDGE 41, MASS. The net result for the month was about 3 to 4 degrees below normal. For the most part the entire state was practically snowless the first week of the month, following the extremely warm weather. Snow flur- ries were light until the 22nd when 2 inches fell followed by 3 to 6 inches on the 26th. In the extreme north central, snow accumulations reached almost 12 inches during this period. Overall snow depths were below nor- mal for the month with rain equiva- lent one third below normal. The extended forecast for January calls for temperatures and precipitation to be below normal. Frost Deep Frost penetration was greater in all areas due to the lack of snow. Last year heavy snows during De- cember prevented frost from pene- trating so deeply. Some arears re- ported as much as 18 inches of frost by the end of the month, with most of the state averaging 6 to 12 inches. Lake ice averaged from 6 to 9 inches at months end. Opinion — No Damage The detailed accounting of the wea- ther was outlined in view of the fact some concern has been expressed as to what effect the unseasonable warm and cold weather might have on next years Wisconsin crop. As re- ported earlier this year vines went dormant early due to the exception- ally cold weather during September and beds were drained down immedi- ately following harvest affording the vines to go dormant quicker. Vine sampling in October, November and early December indicated the vines to be completely dormant. All marsh- es had some snow cover during some periods of October and November preceding the warm temperatures late in November and early Decem- ber. Most of the night time mini- mums during the warm spell brought freezing or near freezing tempera- tures and as the vines were exposed to these temperatures dormancy should have been continued. Close examination of vegetative buds on burns following the warm spell showed little if any activity. Based on the above it is the writers opinion that the quick change in temperatures the first part of De- cember would not have any deteri- (Continued on Page 18) BU The Successful Career Of Miss Stillman Of Massachusetts Has Been One Of Creativeness She was long a Major Executive of Ocean Spray — She had brilliant period as Advertising Executive — Now is Chairman Ocean Spray Ad Committee, Cranberry Grower and doing Free Lance Writing. by Clarence J. HaU Probably about everybody in the cranberry industry knows of, or has met, heard of or seen Miss Ellen Stillman, only present woman director of Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. Her former many years in advertising and publicity director for the cooperative, her editorship of the Ocean Spray publication and her many trips to all cranberry areas assure this. Not everybody may know she is a successful cranberry grower in her own right, and also with her father. Success, success in creative work sums up the life of Miss Stillman. Cranberry growing creates a fruit. Work in advertising and publicity is a creative effort of the mind, "making some- thing out of nothing." Her Creative Spirit Influential Many of the creative ideas of Miss Stillman have been very instrumental in the building of Ocean Spray to the position it now holds in the cran- berry industry, and to the marketing of its products. Miss Stillman, al- though no longer an employe of Ocean Spray, continued her success in the creative field of advertising. She, of course, continues to sit in on Ocean Spray board meetings and to grow cranberries, although the advertising business where she was an executive claimed the major portion of her time. She continues as chairman of the vital Ocean Spray advertising com- mittee. This requires one or two days a month and many hours in between, studying and analzying reports. Miss Stillman is a charming person thinker and a doer She is interested with a good deal of energy. She is a in many things. "How can anyone help but keep active and be keenly interested in things?" she asks. "There are so many wonderful things in this world." She was busy with the Ocean Spray cooperative from the time she was fifteen, until 1956. She has been growing cranberries since 1937. Her Parents Miss Stillman was bom in Brigh- ton, Massachusetts. She is the daugh- ter of William and Eva Stillman of Hanson, with whom she still makes her home, when she is home m Han- son. Her parents were both bom in Lithuania, her father coming to this country when he was IS.Lithu- ania was >under Russian control and he did not want to serve in the Russian army. He met her mother in America. He had lived in the country in Lithuania and wanted to live in the country in the United States. He began seachmg for a place which suited him, looking over the The Stillman House on Elm Street, Hanson Mass. (CRANBERRIES Photo) Seven country within a 25-mile radius of Boston, to which Brighton is close. He wanted a place where he could hunt and fish. He was a dairy farm- er. He found the location which suited him in Hanson, even to the "right" dairy farm. He bought a place on Elm street with a house, which had 109 acres and later he bought enough more land to brmg it up to 150. There was a pond of his own on the property. For some years he conducted a sizeable dairy business. Miss Stillman was brought to Han- son when she was seven. She attend- ed the Hanson public school, and was graduated from nearby Whitman Pligh School. Then she went to the Chandler School, a secretarial school for girls. She had won a two-year scholarship at high school. At Chand- ler she won an award for the person vvho had contributed most to the LZhODl. Ker Education As stated, when she was fifteen while s'-ill in high school she worked summers for the cranberry coopera- t'vc, which then went under the name of Cranberry Canners, Inc. She did general office work, filing, keep- ing of records. When she finished at Chandler she entered the full-time employ of Cranberry Canners, which had only then begun its expansion into National Cranberry Association and now Ocean Spray. While working at Cranberry Can- ners she continued her education go- ing to Boston University evenings for five years. She took a course, chiefly in advertising and related subjects. These included writing, and psycholo- gy. The creative spirit of Miss Still- man was working. During the depression and during her early years she became very discouraged with her work at Cran- berry Canners. It was dull, routine work. She was not getting ahead. She was doing nothing creative. She thought very seriously of making a change. Since she lived right in Hansen, one of her duties was to place the late afternoon mail on the desk of Marcus L. Urann, then presi- dent. One afternoon he casually asked her, "Hew do you like your work here?" He was much surprised when she replied she did not like the dull work she was doing which led her no place. He asked her what she would like to do and she repUed "I'd like to write." Mr. Urann replied there was plenty of writing to be done at Cranberry Canners. There was no advertising department at the time, that being done by Ingalls-Minter. The next day Mr. Urann started her on some of the detail cf the adver- tising work. It was after this that she went to B.U. "It was about 1935 that I started this work, Miss Stillman says. "I started in as a sort of contact be- tween Mr. IngalLs of the agency and Mr. Urann." "I then had my teeth in some thing which was worthwhile," she says. Was Advertising Manager She finally became advertising manager. She started a regular pub- licity department. She built up radio and newspaper contacts, also con- tacts with other companies who Looking through the trees at a portion of the well-kept Stillman Bog. Eight , L^, (CRANBERRIES Photo) N!ii« could aid cranberry Canners in the sales of its canned cranberries. She hired Mrs. Fred Harley, wife of the then postmaster of Hanson, who was an exceptionally good cook. She test- ed and developed cranberry recipes. About 1938 she started "Notes from the Cranberry Kitchen," which was mailed out all over the country. This is still being used. As the coopera- tive grew, Mrs. Janet Taylor was brought in to operate the Cranberry Kitchen. The Kitchen was under the direction of Miss Stillman. Built Bogs The "Chicken 'n' Cranberry cam- paign, so successful for Ocean Spray and for all cranberry producers was the idea of Miss Stillman when she was vice president in charge of ad- vertising for Ocean Spray. Her reasoning was that chicken tastes like turkey, people already as- sociate cranberry sauce with turkey and it is a natural extension to estab- lish custom to link chicken and cran- berries. Most meats have then- tra- ditional accompament; lamb and mint jelly, apple sauce with pork ham and pineapple, but chicken, one of the most popular of meats had no traditional partner, so, as chicken is available 12 months a year as is cranberry sauce, why not "chicken 'n' cranberry?" The idea has clicked. At that time cranberries seemed like a profitable business to be in. One of the things Miss Stillman had dene earlier was to keep records of bogs so she knew what the score on cranberry growing was. "So I had the bright idea of getting into cran- berry growmg myself. There was a fine litth; i.iece of maple swamp on the Stiilrnan pro- perty, and a small piece adjoining was bought from the United Cape Cod Cranberry Company. This im- proved the drainage. Miss Stillman built 6 and one-third acres the first year. Reservoirs were built from partial swamps and dammed up. The bog was built under the supervision of the late John Hill of Hanson, who was noted for the good bog he built. Early Blacks and Howes were set out. "This was good bog bottom and the vines grew like mad," says Miss Stillman. "The vines grew so well that we had some berries and picked the second year." It bore so well, in fact, that after the second crop it had paid for itself. In 1939 ten acres more were built. There was a partial swamp and this was dammed up. This was at the start of the Second World War and prices were good. Later, in 1950 five more were built. Today the bog con- sists of about 11 acres in Early Blacks and 10 in Howes. The bog was called the Indian Trail Cranberry Bog, (no connection, of course with Indian Trail, Inc. in Wisconsin.) The name came from the fact that an old Indian trail from the present town of Bridge- water to Plymouth crossed the Still- man property. (It can still be seen today.) As a matter of fact this was Indian country as there was an Indi- an village on a hill in back of the Stillman residence. At the foot of the hill there is a spring where the Indians are reputed to have stopped to drink. There was an Indian burial ground on the hill, which is still there. There are five reservoirs on the property. These are stocked with bass, pickeral and trout by Mr. Still- man for his own fishing pleasure and that of his friends. There are wide canals which lead from the boTs. There is a big three-way flume which is at the edge of a newer portion. Just beyond this three-way flume ten acres have already been flooded to kill off trees and vege- tation. This section will be put into additional bog when the time seems auspicious A Bird Land Many big trees grow about the Tndian Tra'.l Cranberry Bog mclud- ing big beech trees, white pine and white birch. This is a paradise for birds. In fact there are so many that parties have come out from Audubon Society in Boston to watch them. Bird lovers have permission of the Stillmans to come there on bird walks. Many bird houses dot the .shore of the beg to encourage the bird popula- tion. Miss Stillman has her own colonies of bees for pollination and other colonies are rented. Bees are fascinating to watch. Miss Stillman says and they are a source of much study by her father. They are highly organized. At one time when a queen bee died, the colonies were in com- plete confusion until a new queen was put in a little case and flown in from Kentucky. Then they im- mediately settled down to work. At another time during a hot spell. Miss Stillman said the bees lined up at the entrance to the hives and flutter- ed their wings with tremendous speed to cool off the interior of the hive. Unusually good roads run all around the bogs. In making these roads bulldozers dug way down to clay level and then were built up with gravel. These provide excellent access to the bogs for all operations during the seasons. Old Oaken Bucket Bogs In 1951 Miss Stillman with her father and mother bought Santuit Meadows cranberry property in Scit- uate from Mrs. Bernice Clapp and Mrs. Lincoln. This consisted of 21 acres. Then four more acres that ad- joined this piece were purchased. These bogs are on the Old Oaken Bucket Road and about a stone's throw from the famed well about which the song "The Old Oaken Bucket" was written. These are old bogs and have sev- eral varieties which include Mc- Farlins, Early Reds, Howes and Blacks. For a time Arthur Ahola operated the bogs for the Stillmans but now the Stillman labor force has been consolidated and the Still- mans operate the whole. Indian Trail bog in 1960 harvested 1965 barrels and Satuit Meadows 2392 barrels, and the latter bog has produced 2500. It is needless to say the crop is handled through Ocean Spray. Does Actual Bog Work As busy as she is and has been Miss Stillman has taken part in ac- tual bog work. She has set vines, pulled weeds and operated a Darl- ington picker. Just long enough to know and to share the experience of the other workers. She has often been up all night on frost nights sharing the responsibility of getting frost pro- tection with her father. She knows the operation of a cranberry bog thoroughly. She really likes the life of a cranberry grower. "Cooperative News" In the meantime Cranberry Canners grew and became National Cranberry Association. Miss Stillman was in charge of advertising and publicity. In 1940 she started the well-remem- bered "Cooperative News". She wrote all the news for that. Later as the company continued to grow and took in more members in Wis- consin and the West Coast Miss Still- man's work expanded. Miss Betty Buchan, presently in charge of pub- licity for Ocean Spray was brought in and worked under Miss Stillman. The company became department- aUzed, with a full advertising depart- ment. Visited All Areas Miss Stillman went almost every year to the West Coast and other cranberry areas. She made her first trip to the West Coast in 1942. Then trips for grower consultations were combined with meetings with market- ing representatives. She found out what they were doing and how well these were disposing of National's cranberry products, rhese confer- ences were held to explain NCA's ad- vertising campaigns and meetings were held in every major city in the United States. She has visited every state in the Union. She plans for displaying cranberry pro- ducts. She has visited bogs in every cran- berry growing region including Cana- da. She was on many radio and tele- vision shows to present cranberries and in particular Ocean Spray pro- ducts. She has made presentations of cranberries to President Eisenhower at Thanksgiving time and once dur- ing Eisenhowers' illness, to Vice President Nixon. She once presented President Eisenhower with a gold can opener to impress him with the importance of cranberry sauce. She has met and been photographed with many other important personages. A large part of the present prestige of Ocean Spray products of the na- tion and in foreign countries, as a matter of fact, may be laid to the tireless and inspired activities of Miss Stillman. "Chicken And Cranberries" It was she who originated the chicken and cranberry campaign in 1948. This is still going on and has teen most productive in increasing cranberry sales. She iniated and planned the fall cranberry festivals held at Edaville. She wrote and directed cranberry pageants. Miss Stillman, always calm and efficient in direction of these was very successful. These festivals drew tremendous crowds. They were popular and obtained invaluable cran- berry publicity. Left Ocean Spray When Miss Stillman decided to leave National Cranberry Association in March 1, 1956 she was a vice president in charge of advertising. She had contributed a tremendous amount of value to the growth of the Ocean Spray program. Now, she recalls that at one time early in the employ of the company how she became discouraged and very nearly quit the work for other fields. "I'm so glad I didn't and continued to work for Ocean Spray" she says. When Miss Stillman left Ocean Spray in 1956 she continued in the advertising field. She entered the employ of Kenyon & E'ckhardt, a national advertising agency, with a Boston office at 334 Boylston. Kenyon ■immmmmm mmmmmmmsmmmmmmmmmmmm A view of the Indian Trail Bog at (CRANBERRIES Photc) Blevfiji & Eckhardt is one of the top ten ad- vertising agencies in the country, with head offices in New York and eight others in leading cities. In February of 1959 she was made a vice president of the company. She was the only woman account executive in the concern. She hand- led two of the accounts, one the well-known William Underwood of Watertown, Mass., maker of devilled ham, and also Richardson & Robin- son of Dover, Deleware, a subsidary of the Underwood Company, canned chicken products and plum pudding, accounts. In these accounts she was responsible for results in sales. In 1959 three years after she had been handling the Underwood ac- count, the William Under-wood Com- pany presented to Miss Stillman and the ad agency a silver bowl in rec- ognition of their contributions to the company's growth. George Seybolt, president of Under said that for the first time in his experience with ad- vertising agencies, which included two of the top three in the United States, he and the sales staff were able to relate the work of the agency to accomplishments which exceeded their expectations. The president of Kenyon and Eckhardt said that dur- ing his many years in the advertis- ing agency business this was the first time he had ever know a client to give such recognition to an agency rnd an account executive. This was the second silver bowl with which she had been presented. She was given one at one of the Cranberry Festivals, and it was pre- sented in "Appreciation of the origi- nality and Succe.3s you have Brought to the Cranberry Industry." In 1960 and 1961 Miss Stillman was elected by the Advertising Club of Boston as the "Advertising Woman of the Year." Although having been made vice president of Kenycn & Eckhardt, she felt she could go further in the ad- vertising field. In August 1960 she ac- cepted a position with Grant Adver- tising. This is an international adver- tising agency with offices in 33 ma- jor cities around the world. Leaving Kenyon & Eckhardt was "hke leav- ing some one you love" Miss Still- man remarks. As might be expected, with her past work, Miss Stillman was in T-welT« : i ijH foods, and woiwen's products. She divides her time between Boston and New York. Went Around The World She has been twice to Europe, once on a skiing trip. In 1960 she achieved an ambition. That was to go around the world. With a friend, this was a fabulous flying trip on 9 different air lines. It was no "packaged" tour. This was planned and arranged by herself and her friend. They spent 10 days in Japan, five days in Hong Kong, ten days in India, visiting Bombay, New Delhi, Kashmir Valley; she visited the Taj Mahal, the world's so-called most beautiful building, by moon- light. She stopped in Egypt and visit- ed the pyramids and rode camels. Then the trip went on to ancient Athens and Greece, Istambul and then back to the east coast of the United States. Miss Stillman has always accented the creative in her life. Some years ago she had a story accepted by Woman's Home Companion. This was a light, amusing article, "Handy Man Stay Away From My Door." It was based on an episode of her father attempting to repair a door knob. It may not be generally kii3\v:i but at one time she refused an offer to become a member of the writing staff of a woman's magazine. She has a penthouse overlooking the Charles River at 270 Ee-^coi \2':., Boston. Many weekends find her at the Stillman home in Hsns;n oi'. Elm Street. The S:ilhnan hcvne h " Cape Cod cottage of 11 rorms. Th-" earliest part of it was built before the Civil War. The Stillmans h^vo r.dded to it, over the years. There rre a living room, dining room, kit- chen, TV room, den, 3 bedrooms, 2 laths and a laundry. It is hand- somely furnished in English and / merican furniture. To this quiet retreat Miss Stillman has now returned to take u-p a career of free hand writing, the form of creative work she most desired. After being at Grant's Advertising for a relatively short time, an ex- pansion program in which she was especially interested had to be in- definitely postponed and she decided to take the summer off. This proved to be so pleasant that she stretched the summer into fall and then winter and skiing, one of her favorite formb of sport along with skatuig, and she felt she would not go back to the advertising grind. She has worked up a regular writing schedule from 8 in the morning until 1 in the afternoon and tries not to get this too much interuppted with horseback riding, golf, anc antique hunting. She has also attend- ed the New England Conservator}- of Music, studying piano, and is nov; continuing her piano lessons and also french lessens. Now she is having the satisfaction of putting down on paper some of the ideas she had always wanted to explore. Miss Stillman likes Boston and what it offers, the plays, the con- certs, the museums. She has become very much interested in the activi- ties of the Boston Museum of Fine Arts. She subscribed to a series of concerts at the Boston Symphony and is on the Board of Directors of the Youth Concerts of the Boston Symphony, and was very active in making these concerts possible for the young people of Boston and sur- rcimding area. When the project was first started it was difficult to raise money. Now the Youth Concert series :.: sold out in advance. These activities do take time from the ".writing schedule set for her- self, but she finds them deeply satis- :" ■"^" ?rd rewarding. We are nu-e .she will find suedes; in this nijst difficult of work, crea- tive writing, as she has achieved success in business and in cran- berry growing. SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERP--^ CRANBERRY PfCKING BOXES ?hooks. or Nailed Let me repair your broken boxes — or repair them yourself. .Stock Always on Hand F. H. CQLE Tel. Union 6-3330 North Carver. Mass. Thjrteew More Details On Water Raking Of Cranberries In New Jersey As reported in the November and December issues of Cranberries, the water raking of cranberries by a number of Jersey growers was one of the most important of develop- ments in the industry in 1962. Also the big pioneering experiment in Massachusetts by David Mann. Owners of cranberry bogs in South Jersey were finding workers were increasingly resistant to the idea of stooping over and swinging the Jersey scoops for hours on end, no matter how high the pay. Too, there were other seeming advantages over dry machine. As South Jersey is the southern- most of the cranberry areas, there was a special problem in the wet harvesting of berries as the tem- peratures run higher and are more humid. One of the problems was in drying the berries. This is now al- most entirely done by mechanical driers in Wisconsin, which has long wet-raked and it was done by a home-designed drier by Mann in Massachusetts. The pioneers of the wet-raking method, including Haines & Haines, near Chatsworth with huge acres of bog at Hog Wallow, turned to the College of Agriculture at Rutgers for help. Mark E. Singley, chairrnna of the Department of Agricultural Engineering had a new man on his staff who was eager for a new problem. Singley asked Martin Deck- er, Jr., newly-appointed extension agricultural engineer, to study the Wisconsin water hai'vest and especi- ally the efforts of the Wisconsin growers to dry their crop. Decker visited the Badger State and after returning quickly drew plans and built a cranberry drier in the agri- cultural engineering laboratories. After he was sure it would work he moved it to the Bordentown packing house of Ocean Spray. The drier consists of an inclined screen, six feet wide and twenty-four feet long built over two air chambers. Burn- ing gas heats a blast of air that agitates and dries the berries as they flov/ over the first chamber. After passing over the second cooler chamber the berries come off the "assembly line" dry and cool. Fourteen Haines duplicated the set-up as did Cutts Bros, of Vincetown. Deck- er also made plans available to other growers. The picker known as the "egg beater," (first of this type of har- vester developed a number of years ago by Sumner Fish of Bandon, Oregon, it is believed) looks like a four-foot wide combinatioia baby carriage and lawn mower. The pad- dles, or blades of the pickers chum up the shallow water of the flooded bogs ahead of the men operating, and leave in the wake a red tide of berries, which later are loaded into boxes. The blade action is consider- ed gentler on the berries than the traditional scoops. A crew of eight or ten men, booted, and often bundled up against cool fall weather in close formation, push the pickers. After the berries are Knocked off the vines by the "egg beater," or, more properly designated "water reel," they are gathered in much the same way as floaters were previously harvested. They are push- ed into small corrals where they are hand scooped. There is expected to be considerable improvements in this method in future harvests with all kinds of conveyor belts and suc- tion devices now under considera- tion. The method so far is rather ^rucie, }3ut none the less, consider- ably less expensive than hand scoo:ai ing. Main purposes cf the water har- vest are: (1) Greater efficiency in ;athering berries; (2) Reduction in ost of harvesting per barrel. (3) ".ess damage to vines than scoop- ■ng or machine picking. (4) Less loss of harvesting time, resulting from heavy dews, rains and frost ref lowing. Quality did not come into the consideration. The berries so har- vested were for processing and it T iicerstcoii they make as good quality processed fruit as scooped berries. Indeed, it is considered they may be somewhat cleaner, after they go through the cleanmg and drying process. They do not qualify as a good quality fresh fruit process. After being cleaned they 'ook exeremely well but they de- teriate rather rajridly. The desperatness of the labor sitvh ation in Jersey was one of the prime reason for the new development. It is also expected that more than 90 percent of the berries on the vines will be harvested instead of an estimated 60 percent by scoopers working under unfavorable condi- tions. Several growers have been cutting down bogs to smaller areas, as un- eveness of bogs is a definite problem in the many older bogs of New Jer- sey. There are now four driers in Jersey, three along the lines de- veloped by Rutgers, and Ocean Sprayi service division and one, a conveyoFj belt type. In Jersey much credit is being given to Bill Haines for this| pioneering along this new harvest, method in that state. Bill Would Tax { Cranberry Drink i A Massachusetts House of Repre-i sentatives bill (HB2199) has been] filed by Representatives John G.> Clark of Easthampton and James J R. Nolan of Ware, which would im-j pose a tax on the sale of soft drinks 1 for the purpose of increasing teach- 1 ers' salaries in certain state in-* rtitutions. This bill is of special in- terest to cranberry growers as the (ax, if voted, would effect cranberry juice cocktail, which has now be- come a major cranberry product. Pi'oposal is 1 cent tax on each 16 tj fluid ounce or fraction thereof andj on each gallon of soft drink syrup 80 cents and m like ration on eadi gallon thereof and on each ounce ol dry mixture used for making sofl drinks, and that adhesive stamps be affixed for the purpose of paying the excise. Massachusetts cranberry growers have been urged to write state senators and representatives asking them to oppose the passage of this bill. The tax is imposed upon persons engaged in the sale, use handling or distribution of all bottled soft drinks and all soft drink and syrups whet- her manufactured within or without P the Commonwealth. I READ CRANBERRIES MAGAZINE The 1962 Wisconsin Cranberry Season; C'The Year Of The Shrinking Pies") Bulk Handling Prospects Encouraging by Dr. George L, Peltier Cranberry Consultant Heavy snows persisted throughout the winter of 1961-62, interfering with the application of the winter flood, causing some concern re- garding oxygen deficiency and, of course, preventing the usual sand- ing program. Too, it was a harsh winter with temperatures much be- low normal for the four months, although the heavy blanket of snow inhibited the penetration of the frost line beyond two feet and during the spring runoff filled the reservoirs to capacity. The winter flood was removed around mid-April and above normal temperatures continued through ^pril and May, without too many ^rosts, in fact some growers did not flood during May so that reflows vvere unnessary. Consequently, the vines made a good start. June, though, remained cool especially the nights. By the end of the month hooking was completed and by the second week in July the marshes in most areas were in full bloom. A good bottom crop developed although the top crop was inhibited by the cool nights, frequent showers and the sluggish efforts of weak and under-populated bees (the Wiscon- sin honey crop was 23 percent less bhan in 1961). August was the only ideal growing month and prospects for a good crop were in sight, althouigh the berries were much smaller than usual. September turned out to be a hectic one for the growers, 14 frosts, 13 floods, with an early killing frost. Under these adverse conditions the berries failed to size up and crop estimates had to be drastically reduced. On the other hand, the forepart of October was warm, extremely humid with fre- quent fogs and mists, which posed a problem in drying the berries mechanically, and their sunsequent storage, which finally resulted in an excessive amount of shrinkage, due to soft and end-rot berries. Thus the 1962 growing season was characterized by below normal tem- perature (no 90 degree temperatures and only two nights above 60 in Cranmoor), frequent precipitation in the form of thunder and hail storms, resulting in wide-spread damage, kept up from late May through the harvest in Oictober. Insect Losses Jght Blackheaded fireworms appeared at the usual time, little or no damage occured where proper dos- ages and timely applications of in- secticides were made during the season. Dusting when the millers appeared aided in the elimination of this pest on some marshes. Fruit- worm did not show up until mid- July with populations smaller than usual so losses for the year were less than 1 percent. It is of interest to point out that after 12 year's usage no cranberry insect had built up any resistance to Parathion. With growers beginning to apply at least three applications of fungi- cides, losses from black rot have been materially reduced, as well as two new fungal spots now being studied by Dr. Boone. Owing to the adverse weather conditions, dur- ing harvest end rot assumed a major role in the loss of berries in storage., Observations seemed to show that end rot losses were less where a third application of a fungicide was made in early August. "Under-Vine" Solvents Considerable volume of solvents, especially "under the vine" appli- cations resulted in some outstanding successes in grass control. Dr. M. N. Dana continued on a wider area his tests on new herbicides. As soon as these chemicals have been ap- proved by FDA and released for use in cranberries, we can look for^vard to more efficient control of a larger number of weed species, since the herbicides seem to have a much wider spectnim. Some growers have had initial success with Weed-Rhop. The present prob- lem is one of a more even distribu- tion. There is an immediate need for suitable equipment to apply the small amounts per acre neccessary for killinig weeds without injury to the vines. The addition of some herbicides with fertilizer did not pan out, do to inadequate mixing of the ingredients. Observation seemed to indicate that Simazine remains in the soil and can cause injury to young vines the second year after application. Bulk Handling A few growers are continuing their tests with bulk handling and within a few years continued im- provement in methods will allow for considerable savings in costs of handling. Winnebago Cranberry Company erected an experimental bulk storage bin with a capacity of upwards of 2000 barrels. As usual, some "Bugs" developed, but the average results were so encour- aging that the company contemplates the building of a much larger bin in 1983. If complete success is attained, labor costs in handling the berries will be radically reduced, as well as bringing about a better quality of berries for the market. Better Sorting Needed The outstanding problem to be solved is a more efficient method for grading and sorting the berries than the present mills. CAPE SCOOP IN SEN. KENNEDY'S OFFICE Miss Betty Buchan, publicity di- rector of Ocean Spray has re- ceived a letter of appreciation from Edward M. Kennedy, junior sena- tor from Massachusetts. Ocean Spray loaned the President's young- er brother a Cape Cod cranberry scoop for his office display. Senator Kennedy said the scoop had been given a priminent display in his office. Westers! Pickers Partg and Repairs Agent for 1963 Model ORDER NOW J. E. BSI^LIY £ SON MACHINE SHOP 78 Gibbs Av« Wareham, Mass. HAVE YOUR REPAIRS DONE NOW Fifteen A Talk On Co-ops & Marketing Orders (Editor's Note: l^e following is a condensation of a talk given before the New Jersey Marketing Institute by Ralph B. Bunje, manager of Cali- fornia Canning Peach Association of San Francisco, which started in the business more than 40 years ago.) California has some 37 different state marketing orders and pro- grams and some 17 or 18 federal marketing programs. About half of the state's fruit, truck and vegetable products are marketed under mar- keting associations dating back to the period just before and immedi- ately following World War I. Mar- keting orders started during the mid 30's. Cooperative marketing and bar- gaining activities have reached a greater success in the West, and in California particularly than is the case in the rest of the United States. Cooperative marketing dominates such crops as fresh shipping fruits, canning fruits, citrus, olives, nuts, dried fruits and small grains. I find there is much, misunder- standing and a great deal of mis- information concerning marketing orders and how they operate, parti- curlarly among farmers in the East. our experience has been good with marketing orders. They have been supported by both growers and processors. Marketing orders and agreements just like cooperative bargaining as- sociations don't solve all the pro- blems. They are only tools which have worked for us. I cannot judge that it would work for others. They do not automatically bring solutions the effectiveness of marketing orders depends upon the skill and judge- ment with which they are used and administered. If there is one single reason for the success of a market- ing order it is the skill with which the marketing order is used. If the resonsibiUty is placed upon the in- dustry, and th0 people affected assume the responsibility, then it wll be successful. This takes un- derstanding. Marketing orders that trust the responsibility of those affected bring about a better understanding of the facts of the industry. It causes the producers to know what the pro- blems are. It means that the pro- ducers will make economic deci- sions based on a knowledge of conditions, and above all it is a Sixteta . ^ democratic and American way of meetpg with complex American programs. Marketing orders and agreements should not be government programs. They should be commodity pro- grams designed for the farmers in a commodity, operated by the far- mers and handlers affected, with the full burden of responsibility where it belongs — on the producer, on the handler, on both. Economic and marketing decisions made by government or government employes can never be as successfu' as when made by the people in- volved. Marketing orders and a- greements involve the use of police powers of the government to im- pose upon all the affected produ- cers those regulations and condi- tions oalulated to improve the mar- ket. With proper marketing orders, the powers of the government are used to bring equity between pro- ducers and buyers or distributors, to protect the public interest; to regulate, not decide, to guide, not to lead, and to respond to pracital and sound marketing and production decision, not to dictate. This is not an easy or simple task, rather it is a challenge. Wisconsin Growers Elect Pannkuk President State Group May Seek State Marketing Order to Raise $4,000 If Voluntary Efforts Fail. At the annual meeting and elec- tion of officers of Wisconsin State Cranberry Growers' Association, January 4th, YMCA Community Center, Port Edwards, Behrend G. Pannkuk, president of Indian Trail, Inc., was elected president. He suc- ceeds A. E. Bark, who was named secretary-^treasurer. Prof. George C Klingbeil, University of Wisconsin horticulturalist! who has held tte latter post announced his retire- ment. He agreed to continue with the association in an advisory capa- city. Bruce Potter, Warrens was named vice president, succeeding Pann- kuk. Named to directorships were Charles Lewis, Jr., Shell Lake; Charles Laramie, Wisconsin Rapids and Richard Indermuelher, Manito- wish Waters. There was much disctission con- cerning two issues — experimental work in weed and pest control and controversial state and national pesticide legislation. The group voted that funds for experimental work be collected from member growers on a voluntary basis, up to $4000 F>er year. However, if the collection can not be made in that way, the growers agreed they would seek a state marketing order to accompish the purpose. A suggestion was made that the frost warning service be included in the $4000, but the growers voted to continue that service as in the past. Announcement was made that the Agricultural Stabilization and Con- servation Service has approved pay- ing up to 50 percent of the cost of installing chutes, channel linings, spillways, pipe drops and similiar structres for protection of outlets and water channels. Talks were given by Dr. M. N. Dana, U. of W. on chemical weed control progress, with colored slides; and fungicide research by Dr. Don- ald Boone, U. of W. A paper on Bees and Cranberries was given by Jon Long, chief Apiary Inspector, Wisconsin Department of Agricul- ture and a talk on recent develop- ments in cranberry production by Dr. KUngbeil. Meeting began at ten and lasted about all day, with approximately 100 growers present. LONG BEACH HAS DRY ? YEAR Long Beach Peninsula, Washing- ton, in 1962 had a total precipitation for the year of only 63.87 inches. This was more than two feet less than fell in 1961. The 1960 total was 77.5 inches. Recordings were made at Cranguyma Farms, Long Beach. Try Cranberries Advertising English Test Shows Most Liked Cranberries Sharpness of Taste Caused Most Comment — Most Made Sauce. Cranberry Institute has received a third report of product placement test from G. Street & Co., Lt. of London concerning American cran- berries in Great Britain. In a limit- ed sample test responses by London housewives, in families of varied in- come, it was ascertained that more replied they enjoyed cranberries, the next group reported "quite liked," and a smaller group repUed no. The report added, however, rarely was real enthusiasm encountered. The sharpness, of the taste was the feature on which most commented, some not hking it. A few felt cran- berries were not sweet enough and a few commented on "tough skin." Many used more than one recipe, nearly half making cranberry sauce with "Surprise Pie," second. Nearly a quarter made cranberry buns and jellied cranberries. Some suggested brown sugar rather than white should be used as being sweeter. In regard to size of packs many felt that the 6 ounce packages were the most desired size. A simmiary points out that English famiUes gen- erally eat smaller portions of a dish than do Americans, and that English people generally dishke the skins of fruit, and are more likely to peel an apple than are Americans. Generally all the other members of a family liked cranberries, al- though many children did not. It is pointed out, however, that English children have a tendency to be very conservative in their tastes and are often unfavorably impressed with a dish until it becomes famihar. Similiar tests are to be carried out in out-of -London areas, Manchester and Leicerster. In the Plymouth area, which was selected for a special public relations effort due to the strong conection be- tween Plymouth, Massachusetts and Plymouth, Devon, England the re- port says free time was arranged in television in early December on a general progress program entitled "Westward Diary." This used part of the cranberry film "Heritage of Flavor," plus the station's own cdnl- mentary. There was also space book- ed on the TV program guide, "Look Westward" two 1/16 page ads early in December and two whole pages in the issue of December 22 were used. This latter was made up of a full-page display ad, a free editorial and paid advertising set in editorial style. The local wholesaler in ad- vance advised all retail outlets of these activities. The gala performance of "Heri- tage of Flavor," on November 27 was attended by 250, including mostly "VIPS," also the Mayor and Mayor- ess of Lambeth and the British agri- cultural attache, the latter giving a short talk on the Cranberry Institute. A reception followed the showing with a testing of various products made from fresh cranberries. Cran- berries were again featured on BBC, Nov. 30th. The John Barnes store had a large mobile trolley for demonstration, which ran from November 29 to De- cember 12. There were two other demonstrations in the John Gardner Supermarkets, situated in Chelsea and Wimbleton. Annual Meeting Cranberry Institute January 29th Annual meeting of the Cranberry Institute postponed from January 8, is to be held at the office at South Duxbury, January 29, starting at 10 a.m. Election of officers will be held, various matters discussed, including some sort of arrangement, whereby growers, as well as hand- lers may participate more directly in the affairs of that over-all body. This is rather an important meet- ing, as membership has dropped materially from a high of some 18, at the time of the Nov. 9, 1959 crisis. The Institute is continuing with its promotion of a European market, working in conjunction with the Foreign Agricultural Service of the USDA. As an example of the spirit of the hhid of cooperation desired, the Institute points to one small grow- ers in New Jersey, who also is a handler of his own berries. He sent in the sum of $2.46 representmg his three-cents per barrel assessment on 82 barrels sold of the 1962 crop. 450,000 Bbls. Of Cranberries Sold As Fresh Fruit Tony Briggs, manager of the Cran- berry Marketing order at year end has made a report, that as of Dec, 31, 1962, figures from all handlers in the country show a total produc- tion of 1,312,651 barrels. Final USDA estimate of the 1962 crop was 1,335,- 000. Of this amount, 450,510 barrels were shipped as fresh fruit, a figure somewhat higher than last year. Tv/elve percent of the total crop was withheld from market in accordance with the provisions of the order, or 157,521.12 barrels. In commenting on the results, Briggs said there was a firmer price structure this year, with a slight in- crease in price for late berries, in the face of a big crop, the second largest, which barely missed bemg the largest of all time. The mcrease was on late varieties, which under normal conditions tend to be a httle higher. Broken down by states the crop handled was: Massachusetts, 772,914; New Jersey, 103,193; Wisconsin, 353,- 509; Washington, 54,858; Oregon, 28,- 147. Cranberry Film Wins Top Award Heritage of Flavor, a 25-minute movie teUing the colorful story of the native cranberry in color and sound, has received first prize in the film class at the 17th annual Co- operative Information Service Fair, sponsored by the National Council of Farmer Cooperatives. Hertitage of Flavor, produced a year ago by Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc., and currently available to schools, clubs, organizations and TV stations, piled up a combined audience of about tour million people during 1%2. Competing with 950 individual en- tries in 42 classes, Ocean Spray also received first place in the adver- tisement class for a full color maga- zine advertisement "Chicken Every Sunday . . . Cranberries Every Chicken." Two third places were received for current advertisement "Next Time It's Frozen Dinner . . . Give It Flair With Cranberries" and for an advertising booklet prepared for Ocean Spray sales representa- tives and brokers. Awards were presented January S«v«nteen 7th at the opening of the annual meeting of the National Council of Fanner Cooperatives in Miami, Flo- rida. Receiving the four awards on behalf of the cranberry cooperative was Ocean Spray President George C. P. Olsson, serving as division representative for Ocean Spray in the councils Processed Fruit and Vegetable Division and General Commodities Division. Cranberry Products Drops Lines Goldsworthy Says Company was Unable to Obtain Suf- ficient Quality Fresh Fruit. Vernon Goldsworthy, president of Cranberry Products, Inc. of Eagle River, Wisconsin has reported that this firm will have to discontinue many of its specialty items, particu- larly Cransweets and spiced cran- berries. This is because, he reports Cranberry Products was unable to buy a sufficient quantity of fresh Quality cranberries from the 1962 crop. These lines had developed a con- siderable market after several years of promotion. Mr. Goldsworthy, who was one of the strong opponents of the adoption of the marketing order, said "it seemed to him ridiculous to throw away cranberries and to have to pass up business because of a lack of supply." FRESH FRUIT SALES HIGHEST EVER Ocean Spray's volume of fresh fruit sold from the 1962 crop was the highest in the co-op's history it is reported, exceeding 1961 by a "comfortable'' margin. Exact figures have not yet been released but sales did not attain the total projected, probably for one reason, the smaller size of the Wisconsin crop. That state is an important area in fresh fruit production. There are as yet no final figures on processed sales, but November sales were re- ported as "moderately" satisfactory. In abolishing the cooperative ad- vertising allowances for produced products in 1%3, Ambrose E. Stevens, general manager and executive vice president, believes this will benefit Ocean Spray customers more than heretofore in the form of increased volume. No plans have been made yet for the marketing of the 1963 fresh crop, including whether or not Eighte&a to have cooperative allowances for this form. However, Mr. Stevens says Ocean Spray has been under the be- lief that the type of program for fresh berries, offering advertising al- lowances has been effective in pro- ducing good volume of sales. BULLETIN Ambrose Stevens To Leave Ocean Spray Following the January meeting of Ocean Spray directors, January 18 (as this goes to press) President George C. P. Olsson announced that Ambrose E. Stevens, executive vice president and general manager will no longer be with the cooperative after March 1. Mr. Olsson said Mr. Stevens and the board had "agreed (o come to a parting of the ways," this because of differences of opin- ion in regard to co-op policies. Also severing from Ocean Spray is Kenneth G. Garside of Duxbury, who has been director of operations. Mr. Olsson said the board immedi- ately named a committee, Russell Makepeace, Marion, Mass. company treasurer, chairman, Mr. Olsson, sec- retary, Thomas Darlington, New Jer- sey, Tony Jonjak and Gerald Potter, of Wisconsin and David Pryde of Washington to seek at once a suc- cessor to Mr. Stevens and to take charge of matters in the interin. Mr. Stevens, a native of Savanah, Ga. came to Ocean Spray in the fall of 1957 after a long experience in the foods industry, his previous post hav- ing been with Minute Maid as vice president in charge of sales and ad- vertising and prior to that with General Foods, working in New York, Atlanta and with Hunt Foods in Los Angeles. He is known as a 'profes- sional business man." Mr. Garside before Stevens election was for a time acting general man- ager of Ocean Spray which he joined es an official in 1955. He is a Har- vard graduate and has a degree in chemical engineering from M.I.T. and had been a prominent Massachusetts grower for 37 years until he sold his bogs about a year and a half ago. Mr. Garside said he and Mrs. Gar- side for immediate plans intend to do some touring, including a visit to Florida. Mr. Stevens said he had no com- ment to make at the moment. MASS. GROWERS SIGN FOR 1963 WATER AGP >TANAGEMENT A meeting, primarilly for cran- berry growers but mcluding other farmers was held at Cranberry Ex- periment Station last month and about 40 have signed up in Plymouth County in the 1963 Agricultural Con- servation Program. The program provides cost sharing for water man- ; agement, under soil conservation. I This includes digging out for water supplies, improving main ditches, dikes and flumes, done under super- vision and with the assistance of en- gineering semces. Of this cost the government pro- vides roughly 40 percent, while the grower pays the remaining 60. DR. CROSS TO BRITISH ISLES DEC. FIRST Dr. C. E. Cress, director of Mass. Cranberry Experiment Station has been granted a Sabbatical leave to begin December 1 of this year. Dr. Cross, accompanied by Mrs. Cross and son, Timothy, 10, plans to spend five months in England, Ireland and Scotland. He will be studying "Ad- ministrative and Fiscal Policies of Agricultural and Research Station in the British Isles." He intends to spend some time in Ireland, and Northern Ireland, in Kent in England and in Aberdeen in the north of Scotland. heih From The Fields (Continued from Page 6) mental effect on next years Wiscon- sin crop. Bud size for this year does seem to vary, but can be attributed primarilly to the amount of nitrogen fertilizer used the past season. Most marshes flooded up the week of the 9th with the advent of the first artic sub zero weather of the fall. A few exceptions were in the north central where there was a 4 to 6 inch snow cover and no frost in the beds. Strong northwest winds prevailed during that week, but with water on the beds and little frost depth there should not have been any danger of wmter kilUng. Winter j floods froze down quickly with the j (Continued on Page 20) fidit^sja-l-s ISSUE OF JANUARY 1963 VOL. 27 - NO. 9 \** ^iX^^^^'^'^H^ 1962 - 1963 The start of a new year is the most apt time to attempt to evaluate what has happened in the past 12-months and what may come about in the near future. Most notable and far-reaching de- velopment was the adoption of the Cran- berry Marketing Order. There was con- siderable opposition to this, particularly by independent handlers and growers and some bitterness engendered, which has not j^et entirely gone away. Did the Marketing Order increase re- turns to growers in the 1962 crop and/or will it in immediate future years? There can be no hard and fast answer as yet. Many, perhaps, most, are inclined to be- lieve it firmed up the fresh fruit market, it increased payments to growers by com- mercial canners, and it may have also paved the way for better returns in '63. With higher fresh fruit prices, it seems to be not yet known whether the average grower will net more or less after the 12 percent set-a-side is figured in. Proponents can and do say, 'But, look what might have happened had there been no marketing order, with this big crop?" While that question is unanswerable, this is the first year we can recall when there were not complaints of "price cuttings," and there was apparently none or very little; in 1960, the previous big crop year everybody seems to have accused the "other fellow." There have been comments that the fresh fruit price should have been set somewhat higher and that it should have advanced, with the brisk market. As Ocean Spray goes, with approxi- mately 85 percent of the crop, so generally does the industry. "The Scoop" of Ocean Spray has reported that about as many familie3 are buying cranberries as before "Black Monday." Ocean Spray has also announced that it will nearly double its advertising program in 1963, and this in the face of the already huge amount the cooperative has been spending to get a bet- ter cranberry market. This might be ques- tioned by some, but although everybody knows of Camels, Lucky Strike, Chester- field cigaretts. Fords. Plymouths and Chev- ies, the manufacturers of these products and countless others know they cannot relax advertising. They know to do so would be fatal. Cranberries are only one CLARENCE J. HALL Editor and Publisher EDITH S. HALI^Associate Editor Wareham, Massachusetts SUBSCRIPTIONS, $3.50 Per Year, FOREIGN, ?4.50 CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin LEO A. SORENSON Cranberry Consultant Wiiconsin Rapids Wisconsin Washington Dr. CHARLES C. DOUGHTY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. Oregon GRANT SCOTT Coquille, Ore. Massachusetts Dr. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. New Jersey P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey small voice crying in the wilderness of the vast competition for the consumer's dollar. Some ask why more cocktail is not sold. But there is great cost in promoting a par- ticular product. Others have felt there should be more "hard-sell" on the part of Ocean Spray, more "knocking on doors." As to more promotion on the part of independents — we do not think they can be justly criticised for this. Their individual resources are simply not sufficient for any massive effort. A final thought is to quality of fresh fruit. In these days of many fine products cranberries must be a fine product, too. There must be increased attention to quali- ty fresh fruit. And what we think would be of great help is better harmony within our small industry and that is our hope for 1963. SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS (Continued from Page 18) extreme prolonged temperatures and with the lack of snow oxygen de- feciency should be no problem. As a precaution any water under the ice was removed before months end. The early freeze down enabled some marshes to start sanding operations prior to Christmas. Most marshes were planning to do some sanding. NEW JERSEY Weather Report — December The weather in December in the cranberry belt in New Jersey was unusually cold. The temperature averaged 30, which is 5.9 colder than normal. Rainfall totaled 3.10 inches, which is just about normal. There were three light snowfalls but no accumulation as rain fol- lowed each one. Year, 1962 The year 1962 was considerably cooler than normal. Every single month of the year had below nor- mal average temperature excepting April, which was exactly normal. The average annual temperature was 51.7, which is 2.7 colder than normal. This tied 1958 for the lowest average annual temperature ever recorded in the 33-year weather recording history at the lab. The extremes were 95 on May 9th and one below zero on February 11th. There was a paucity of 90 days dur- ing the year, there being only four SPRINKLER SYSTEMS PUMPS HIGH CAPACITY WELLS ROBERTS IRRIGATION SERVICE STEVENS POINT WISCONSIN in May, four in June, two in July, one in August and none in Septem- ber. This lack of extremely warm days made for a good quality cran- berry without the usual New Jer- sey "scald" condition. However, mosi growers thought that! the berries failed to develop good size under the cool conditions. RainfaU Up The total annual rainfall was 49.14 inches, which is 6 inches more than normal. However we did have dry cool weather from the middle of May to the middle of June. Oxygen Ample On January 8, samples of the flood water, taken from 12 repre- sentative cranberry bogs in New Jersey, showed that the oxygen content was ample in all of them. Ice thickness on bogs flooded earlier was 7 to 9 inches but there was Kttle snow-ice. WASHIN6T0N December Typical December provided typical De- cember weather for the cranberry aaea. There were blustery south- west winds on three days with rain- fall of 1.78 on the 30th, 1.44 and 1.36 on the 13th and 14th. Christmas was a beautiful open day. High temperature for the month was on December 8th with 62, lows oc- curred on the 21st through the 26th with a little east wind accompany- ing low humidities. These lows were 29, 26, 21, 21 and 23 respectivly. Coldest Day of Winter Coldest night of the winter to date was January 10 when 12 was reached. iiiHiiin;iiiB;:iiH:!i«[iH"ra b eS'I MJm READ CRANBERRIES JLD'lliHilllBilliB.ilHIIiHiillBiiilHilliB'HiBiiiiBllllB INDIAN TRAIL, inc. WORKING— MERCHANDIZING— SELLING WISCONSIN-GROWN CRANBERRIES 12 Months of the Year Moving FRESH — FROZEN— — CANNED & JUICE — Striving always to move TOP-QUAL- ITY products at TOP PRICES for bet- ter returns to WISCONSIN Growers. P. 0. BOX 710, WIS. RAPIDS, WIS. SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS FOR SALE SEARLES JUMBO HOWES, McFARLIN Vines for delivery in 1963 $125.00 Ton F.O.B. INTERESTED IN PURCHASING WISCONSIN CRANBERRY PROPERTIES Vernon Goldsworthy B.S. & M.S. University of Wisconsin Cranberry Ck)nsultant Fees Reasonable EAGLE RIVER WISCONSIN DANA MACHINE & SUPPLY Co. Wis. Rapids Wis. MFGS. of: SPRAY BOOMS GRASS CLIPPERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS Gktsinger Retracto tooth pickers Dryers DISTR. of: VEE BELTS & PULLEYS ROLLER CHAINS SPROCKETS & BEARINGS CONVEYOR BELTING STEEL OUR PRODUCTS Strained Cranberry Sauce Whole Cranberry Sauce Cransweets Diced Cransweets Cranberry Apple Sauce Cranberry-Strawberry Preserves Cranberry-Cherry Preserves Cranberry-Pineapple Preserves Cranberry-Raspberry Preserves Cranberry-Rhubarb Preserves Cranberry-Gooseberry Preserves Spiced Cranberries Cranberry Chilli Sauce Cranberry Bar-B-Q Sauce Cranberry Orange Relish Cranberry Vinegar Cranberry Juice Cran-Beri Cran-Vari Cran-Puri Cranberry Puree Cran-Bake Sliced and Whole Maraschino Cranberries Consumer Size & Bulk Fresh Cranberries Cranberry Products, Inc. EAGLE RIVER, V/ISCONSIN DUE TO OUR INABILITY TO OBTAIN ENOUGH CRANBERRIES IN 1962 THESE SPECIALTIES ARE BEING DISCONTINUED. CORRUGATED CULVERT PIPE and FLOW GATES FelkerBros. Mfg.Co. MARSHFIELD WISCONSIN Phone 230 - 231 WISCONSIN CRANBERRY GROWERS are using more Signature FertiKzer year after year • Pelletized • Homogeneous • Dustless • Free-Flowing • 50 lb. Bags E. RAUH & SONS FERTILIZER CO. Indianapolis & Plymouth, Ind. YOU Are reading this ad. Others will read yours in CRANBERRIES Magazine Library, Umv* of ifeSs';.! Aaherst, 2lass. T^ilASX Z' This is another round in our continuing campaign to teach all America that IF IT SMELLS GOOD, lOOKS GOOD, TASTES GOOD, PUT CRANBERRY SAUCE ON IT. our appetizing /our co/or pages are appearing in American Home, McCaW's, Good Housekeeping, Ladies Home Journal. As we say in ihe ads, HEIGHTEN THE FLAVOR, BRIGHTEN THE PLATE WITH OCEAN SPRAY. VINC A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY IPE COD EW JERSEY lYISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON CANADA FEBRUARY ICE on a Massachusetts Cranberry Bog. (CRANBERRIES Phoj 35 Cents FEBRUARY 1963 DIRECTORY For CRANBERRY GROWERS Wcrcester Paper PREFABRICATED 1 The 1 Box Corporation FLUMES iCHARLES W. HARRIS! MEDFORD, MASS. Tel. MYstic 8-5305 Straightline Pumps 1 Company i 1 451 Old Somerset Ave. | Bog Railroads 1 North Dighton, Mass. | Manufacturers For Rent m = ■ ^1 of I AMES 1 CONSULTANT 1 Irrigation Systems i Folding Cartons On Water Problems 1 Sprinklers | and RUSSELL A. TRUFANT 1 Weed killers | 1 Insecticides | Displays North Carver, Mass. Tel. 1 Fungicides | ! II UNion 6-C696 ■ Kiekens - Dusler and Sprayers ■ WATER WHITE KEROSENE Wareham Savings EQUIPMENT For use on Cranberry Bogs Bank HAYDEN Also STODDARD SOLVENl WAREHAM and FALMOUTH - SEPARATOR - Prompt Delivery Service Savings Accounts WAREHAM, MASS. Franconia Coal Co. Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Uoxes to Rent Irrigation Systems PUMPS - Inc. - SEPARATORS - BLOWERS Wareham, Mass. Phone CYpress 5-3800 Kimball 8-3000 SCREENHOUSE EQUIPMENT Tel. CY 5-0039 DARLINGTON PICKING MACHINES The National Ba nk of Wareham Extensive Experience in Conveniently located for Cranberry Men ELECTRICAL WORK ALFRED PAPPI At Screenhouses. Boas a»d Pumps Means Satisfactiea Funds always avail able for sound loans WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. CY 5-2000 SUBSCRIBE TO Complete Ba nking Service CRANBERRIES Member Federal De posit lasoraaee Cei^. Cranberry Institute Outlines '63 Objectives and '62 Activities Over-all Body Meeting at So. Duxbury, Mass. Elects Officers and Directors. Constructive objectives for the coming year a review of accom- plishments were discussed at the annual meeting of Cranberry Insti- tute, South Duxbury, Massachusetts, January 29th. Officers and directors for 1963 were chosen as: President (re-elected) Orrin G. 03'lley, president Cape Cod Cran- berry Cooperative; vice president, Leon April, April Brothers, New Jersey; secretary treasurer (re- elected) Marcus M. Urann, Ocean Spray director and president of United Cape Cod Cranberry Co., Massachusetts; directors, the three officers and George C. P. Olsson, president Ocean Spray, Behrend G. Pannkuk, president Indian Trail, Inc. Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin and a 6-h a member of Ocean Spray from V/isconsin to be named shortly. A seventh director, as has been the number, may be named later. The cranberry industry is on the verge of an era, President CoUey said in his report, in which foreign trade will be a definite factor in the futiire economic growth of the in- dustry. Therefore, a long-range pro- gram must be evolved that will provide a reasomable degree of continuity of trade policy, and this is a program of considerable magni- tude. "It is difficult to realize that we are on the verge of an era in which our expanding participation in international trade is not only im- portant to keep abreast of other growing commodiy groups but it is now a definite factor in our own economic growth," Mr. CoUey said. It was outlined that; a primary SANDERS Built from $750. WHEEL-OFF RIGS FLUMES Built to Order Welder and Power Shovel Available Will do Custom Sanding Oiva Haniiula Carver, Mass. UN 6-4419 objective during 1963 for the Insti- tute must be (A) "bo promote in- creased export of cranberries and cranberry products in foreign mar- kets; (B) to obtain full cooperation from (Governmental Departments and o.her agencies to accomplish this objective; (C) to collect and dis- seminate among the members infor- mation of export opportunities and export activities. Under the heading of activities in Ocher areas are; to initiate, support and work on matters beneficial or necessary to serve the legitimate needs of the cranberry community. For the past two years about 100,000 barrels of fresh cranberries each year from surplus commodities have been bought by the USDA for the national school lunch program. This project may cr may not be in effect again, probably not, on the same large scale. Therefore, the Institute plans to work through the National School Lunch Program with head- quarters in Denver, Colorado, to P'urchase cranberries for the pro- gram, but not from sui'plus com- moditity. The council is made up of government, state and local rep- resentatives, and this is a "sales" job, which can be based on the fact cranberries have been served in school lunches and on the dietary aspects of cranberries to health. Con- ferences may be set up with the Program Council. Another object might be the insti- tion of a "Marketing Seminar," such as is in force in many industries. This would provide having repre- sentatives of all cranberry sales agencies, independent and Ocean Spray to give talks and outline their miarketing plans before groups of growers, that the whole cranberry marketing situation shall be better understood by all growers. This seminar might be at the August meetings of growers association, such as that of the Cape Clod Cranberry Growers Association, American Cran- berry Growers Association in New Jersey and the Wisconsin State Cranberry Growers Association. If this would interfere too much with the growers' programs, the sugges- tion is made this might be on a following day when many growers might still be able to attend. The same program would be given in all three areas, and possibly a meeting on the West Coast, but this is almost entirely made up of Ocean Spray members and is covered each year by Advisory Board meetings of the cooperative. Other possible activities discussed were, Federal Crop insurance on a group basis, for hail, frost or other losses, which will be looked into as to possibilities by the Institute and also group life insurance as is being done by some industries now, such as the Produce Packaging industry. The Institute voted that it sub- scribe for a year's subscription to Cranberries Magazine, for e a c h member of both houses of Congress, from the five cranberry producing states, that they might each mionth be reminded of the industry and be informed of its activities. As to the foreign market develop- ment, (much of which has already TAKE ADVANTAGE of the BETTER things of life. The efficient USE OF ELECTRICITY is one of these better things — efficient use in power for cran- berry bog operations, and in the home. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM - PLYMOUTH CYpress 5-0200 Pilgrim 6-1300 SHARON BOX COMPANY, INC. ESTABLISHED 1S56 SHARON, MASSACHUSETTS We Will Buy Your White Pine Logs, Either Standins or Cut • Highest Prices Paid • Sawmill located at North Carver, Mass. Office Phones: Sharon, SU 4-2011 Carver. UN 6-2234 If You Want A Good Flume At A Low Cost Use All Heart Redwood 60,000 Ft. on hand for Prompt Delivery 6x8 — 6x6 — 4x6 — 4x4 Planking - Square Edged or Matched 2x6 — 2x8 2x 10 — 2 x 12 SEND FOR YOUR FREE FOLDER ON THE "DURABILITY OF REDWOOD" E. W. Goodhue Lumber Co., Inc. MIDDLEBORO ROAD EAST FREETOWN, MASS Phones Rockwell 3-8811 — Middleboro 1275 H ^m ^m ^m ^m ^s ^m ^m ^m ^mm m Retain natural flavor I without over-sweetness I i CORN SYRUPS * :j^: CORN PRODUCTS COMPANY I ^-"^ m Manufacturers of fine products for the food industry . . . and popular Best Foods Division grocery brands for the consumer. been reported in this mag-azine) it was stated that Foreign Agricultural Service has made arvaiki^le an approximately dollar equivalant of $30, 583. CO for expenses incurred, and the Institute has provided a total contribution to the project in dollars, personel, goods, facilities and serv- ices equivalent to $15,000.00. It was reported addi ional funds to exp'and t.:e activity during 1963 will be pro- vided by FAS. It was reported that during 1962 MarcLs M. Urann and Behrend G. r'annkuk last spring, and last Octo- ber Mr. CoUey and Wilham Stillwell, adverstising manager of Ocean Spray made visits to Great Britain to further program. In cannection with the overseas program there has developed a strong feeling that dehyrated cranberries could play an important part in foreign market development. The laboratories of Bufalovac Com- pany, Buffalo, N. Y. manufacturers of drum dryers have been utilized to manufacture small quantities of dehydrated cranberries. Tests indi- cate that a very fine jellied sauce can be made and the product also offers possibilities as a juice pro- duct. During the year members of Con- gress from the cranberry states were called upon and appraised of the industry "come-back" effort from the disasi;er of "Black Mon- day" in 1959; various congressional hearings on agricultural! matters have been attended; other govern- ment agencies which have been con- tacted include. State, Commerce, Treasury and Interior. Such organ- izations as the National Grange, American Farm Bureau, National Csnners Association, National Asso- ciation of Food Chains, United Fruit and Vegetable Association, Interna- tional Apple Association and others who maintain Washinglon offices have been kept in touch concerning cranberry activities. Representatives of the American Institute of Poultry with headquar- ters in Chicago and Washington have been consulted. At the invitation of the Poultry Institute Mr. Colley at- tended its annual fact finding con- ference in Kansas Ci.y. Joseph 0. Parker, who is Washington attorney (Continued on Page 12 Mass. Cranberry Station and Field Notes by CHESTER E. CROSS Director The Massachusetts crop of 1960 established an all-time record at 805, 000 bbLs. Arriving just a year after the nationwide pesticide scare, this great crop did much to re-establish grower confidence in the future of the Massachusetts cranberry indus- try. But this great crop was largely the outcome of a favorable weather pattern which included excessive sun- shine in 1959, a mild winter in 1959- 1960, no serious frost in spring or drought in summer, and a season of light insect populations. Growers cut down sharply on maintenance expen- ditures ibecause of the uncertainties following the "scare." The Massachusetts crop of 1961 totaled only 472,000 bbls., just 9000 bbls. more than Wisconsin's crop. It was produced on three times the Wisconsin acreage. The chief respon- sible element for this poor crop was the devastating frost of May 30-31, 1961, and the growers' inability to cope with it. The great crop of 1962 has just been harvested and counted. It is second only to the 1960 crop and more than doubles that in Wisconsin. Was this crop, too, the result of favorable weather? I think not, and for the following reasons I conclude the crop of 1962 should be called the growers' crop. Winter Of '62 A. The winter preceding this crop was colder than normal with the usual hazards of such winters — ox- ygen-deficiency injury and winter- killing. A warning in early February that oxygen levels were becoming dangerously low was followed by the mcst widespread pulling of the flood from under the ice ever known in Massachusetts. The remaining ice and snow melted very slowly, some of it lasting until mid-March. Despite the cold which prevented thawing, there was no return to winter-ikilling conditions, so most of those who pull- ed the flood in February never re- flowed for winter protection. This may have proved one of the mcst significant actions taken by growers with respect to the 1962 crop — more will be said of this later. A few bogs, not drained in the winter, developed severe leaf -drop during the spring, revealing the critical nature of the oxygen-lack during February. B. The spring frost season in 1962 was not more favorable than the winter ibefore it. For nearly a week from May 7 through May 12 it was either frosty each night or threatened to be frosty the next night. Tempera- tures in the twenties recurred on May 15 and more generally on the night of May 28-29. Growers were especially alert during the spring frost season of 1962 (the memory of the previous year still vivid to their recollection), new sprinkler systems were in use, and improved pumps and flumes provided protection, keep- ing the frost losses to an estimated level of 15,000 to 20,000 bbls. — a considerable achievement in view of the severity of the frost season. It is my opinion that anoUher factor was operative here in keeping frost losses at a minimum. Several inter- esting effects appear to have result- ed from the draining of Massachu- setts bogs in February, 1962. Chief among these appears to be the "ex- posure" of the vines to the low tem- peratures of winter months. Vines in water under ice are subjected to temperatures in the thirties, but vines in air under a sheet of ice are subjected repeatedly to temperatures well below the freezing point. We at the Station feel this effectively deep- ens the dormancy of the terminal buds, and when this happens the buds develop more slowly in the spring. To illustrate the point, the writer ob- served a checked thermometer on the night of May 12-13 reading 19.5° to 20° for at least 2V2 hrs. and this at the level of the tips of the cran- berry vines. The ibog had been "ex- posed" in February, March and April, and had been frost flowed cnly once before, on May 10th. The hog was hurt some by the frost but produced a crop just over 100 bbls. per acre. Dr. Franklin would have regarded this as a curious and ex- AMES IRRIGATION SYSTEMS Plan now for longtime profitable bog returns with one initial investment in a metal pipe Ames irrigation system. Ames irrigation pipe consists of a galvanized ball bell spring-looked coupler pressed into Alcoa Class 150 aluminum tubing. Ames irrigation pipe is long lasting. There is over fifty years of irrigation knowledge and service behind each Ames irrigation system. Let us quote you on your irrigation plans to include engine, pump, pipe, suction line, main line, lateral lines and sprinklers as a whole or as individual items. We stock all parts and give 24 houjl- service. THE CHARLES W. HARRIS CO. 451 Old Somerset Ave. North Dighton, Mas Northeast Distributor for W. R. Ames Co. of Florida eeptional occurrence. In his bulletin rt:i02, on page 35 he says " when bog temperatures promise to fall below 20'F. during the last week in April, it is best to flood ". It is clear that when the winter flood was regularly used from early De- cember to the first of April, the bogs were more sensitive to frost, and sensitive at an earlier date. The ex- perience of 1%2 would indicate that by exposure in February and/or March the buds are retarded in their springtime development sufficiently to remain resistant to frost injury until mid-May. This, in my opinion, was an important factor in small frost losses in 1962, and consequently in the large crop actually harvested. Summer Season C. The summer growing season was cool and drj', and for a long time it looked like an easy insect season. Late egg-laying by the fruitworm moths (made late by the persistent cool weather) necessitated consider- able late-season treatments. Growers managed this nicely, only a few being caught with the miserable job of harvesting berries in which the worms were still active. All in all, the large crop was raised in spite of numerous adverse factors. The crop of 1%2, in my opinion, was a grow- er's crop. Favoring 1963 Crop What of the present? Total sunshine for 1962 is over 100 hours above aver- age. This, as you know, is a strong factor favoring the size of the 1963 crop. The drought conditions which prevailed through most of the grow- ing season in 1962, likewise favors production in 1983. Heavy rainfall in October, 1962, especially in conjunc- tion with repeated frost flooding tends to minimize the mechanical damage of the harvesting operation. Roots Western Packers Parts and Repairs Agent for 1963 Model ORDER NOW J. E. BRALEY & SCN MACHINE SHOP 78 Gibbs Ave Wareham, Mass. HAVE YOUR REPAIRS DONE NOW that have been pulled, vines that have been bruised can more readily be healed under moist conditions. The damage caused by harvesting is only made worse if the vines are subjected to bright sun, high temper- atures and drjTng winds. We nad plenty of moisture in October, 1962, again favoring the 1963 crop. Winter 1963 Very severe weather prevailed briefly at the very end of the year. Winds of over 50 M.P.H. with sub- zero temperatures called for flooding of bogs. This bad spell did not last long, and subsequent cold snaps in January were also of short duration, and no sizeable damage has appear- ed. Oxygen-deficiency troubles have threatened but net matured during the month. To summarize, the pros- pects for a sizeable crop in 1963 in Msachusetts are at present good. I do not think the large crop in 1%2 means we must have a small crop in 1963. Frosty June Coming? One warning is needed — the spring frost season of 1963 is likely to be difficult. Last year the annual average temperature was below nor- mal. This winter is below normal to date and if it continues below normal we are then likely to have some June frost. Many of you, I know, are plan- ning new sprinkler systems. I advise you to get on with it. You cannot compete successfully without frost and drought control. MR. AND MRS. HILLER Lewis K. Hiller, 59 of Marion. Mass., who was long associated with the large Hiller cranberry bogs in Rochester, Mass., and his wife. Cecile R. (Lareau) Hiller, 59, met tragic death early in the morning of Feb. 2, when their home was badlv CRANBERRY PICKING BOXES Shocks, or Nailed Let me repair your broker boxes — or repair them yourself. Stock Always on Hand F. H. COLE Tel. Union 6-3330 North Carver, Mass. damaged by fire. Cause of the fatal fire was undetermined. WASKiIXGTOX DISEASE AND INSECT CONTROL The lt63 crar.ccrry ir^tc: and disease control program has been issued by Washington State Exten- sion Service. Chemicals recom- mended are Maneb, Zineb. Ferbam, Captan, Bordeaux Mix;ure, Ziram, Doughty superintendent Coastal Ex- Parathion, Malathion, Sevin. These are the same materials as recom- mended last season, and the chart was prepared by Dr. Charles C. Doughty, superintendent Costal Ex- periment Station, Long Beach and others. The chart gives tolerance and in- terval permitted of the chemicals, and a warning that all insecticides are poisonous and must be used according to manufacter's instruc- tions. For frost and scald control it recommends shrinking for ever • frost period after buds have started to swell, and that during severe freezes, occasional sprinhling may not give complete protection. For scald tho recommendation ir to sprinkle whenever temperatures reach 80 degrees af:er the berries are formed. For field mice, border apphcation at certain pariodr. c! endrin ar.d for bog application, toxa- phene following harvest. SEX. KENN-EDY SERVES CRANBERRY JUICE TO \qSITORS Senator "Ted' Kennedy, c^a well as having a cranberry scojp from the Cape in his office is serving Ocean Spray Cranberry juice. This has been commented on favorably in the Washington press. The office cooler for the juice was "inherited" from Senator Smith's office. •RUM-A-LOFT" HAS CEANBEPvRY JUICE Northeast Airlines is serving "Rum-A-Loft" cocktails to its pas- sengers on the Florida run. The recipe is 1 part, pineapple juice, 3 parts orange juice. 3 parts crar.berry juice. For these v\rho wish, a minia- ture bottle of rum may be added. The drink may also be served on the ground and called "Rum-A- Land." Issue of February 1963 - Vol. 27 No. lO" Published monthly at Th^ Courier Print Shop, Main St.. Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscriptions $3.50 per year. Second Class Postage Paid at Wareham, Massachusetts Post Office. FRESH FROM THE FIELDS Compiled by C. J. H MASSACHUSETTS January Starts Mild January first was 14 degrees cold- er than normal, following the bitter year-end, but then the tempera- tures moderated. By the fifth the departure was 0°, or exactly normal. There was no snow the first week of the month, and as stated, tempera- tures were about seasonable. In fact on several day they were above normal. No Winter KiU No Oxygen Deficiency On January 4th, a flash warning card was sent to growers by county agents, warning of possible winter kill and oxygen deficiency. There had been low sunshine and ice on the bogs varied from 5 to 8 inches and much of this was snow ice. Measurements taken at State Bog and other bogs showed water sam- ples were 'below 3cc per liter in oxygen content, the danger point, and ipointing out the remedy was to withdraw winter flood from under the ice. However, few did this as conditions improved. Dr. Cross, after a check and sur- vey came to the definite conclusion there had been no winter kill in the bitter cold ending of the year nor in the oxygen deficiency situation, and so this period passed without any possible crop loss. Balm Again Absolutely in sharp contrast to long-range forecasts of a hard win- ter were temperatures of Jan. 10, 11. The weather turned springlike, ice melted, frost came out of the ground. Readings were in the low 40's and the departure for the month to the lltb was a big plus 37. (Contrast this with 50 below at Black River Falls, Wisconsin, a cranberry area and frost depth from 15 to 24 in Northwest Wisconsin at about the same time.) Ice Sanding Despite the rather warm weather, there were alternating days of cold, a number of them bright and sionny, and a very considerable amount of ice sanding was done by the middle of the month. The ice was generally thick enough to support trucks, and many growers took advantage of this fact. On January 17th weatherman were speaking of "spring-like days again wit)h temperatures in the 40's. Snow Light snow on the night of the 2Qth covered the cranberry belt and the weather turned sharply colder. Abn.pt Drop From a high of 46 degrees on the 23rd, the artic cold which had settled over much of the nation reached the cranberry belt and there was a sharp drop to 10 above the next morning, accompanied by a drifting of snow and high winds. Reading the 24th was 3 above but no damage was indicated. Cranberry Area Lucky While most of the U. S. had per- haps the coldest January ever and Europe and even Asia were clob- bered with intense cold and unpre- cedented blizzards, the little pocket of Southeastern Mass., which is the cranberry belt, was lucky. Even a few miles away to the north and west there was far more snow. As its was, very nearly all of the storms which sweep up the coast and are often accountable for heavy snowfalls veered out to sea and hit Nova Scotia or eastern Maine, the snows from the west passed mostly AGENT FOR WIGGINS AIRWAYS BOG SERVICE AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS HAND SPRAYERS - TOOLS - POWER EQUIPMENT AUTHORIZED BRIGGS AND STRATTON SERVICE CENTER R. F. MORSE & SON, INC. Cranberry Highway West Wareham, Mass. CY 5-1553 Five north of Southeastern Massachusetts. Snowfall totalled only 41/2 over the month in falls of really no consequence. Total precipitation, which included the snow, was only 3.68 inches with normal 4.12 while temperatures for the first half of the month were abnormally warm and the last about normally cold, January ended with a -3 degrees for the month, the readings actually having been on the plus side much of the time. As the month ended, lesidents of the area had their fingers heavily crossed against Feb. and March with an old belief that if you don't get the snow earlier in the winter, you get it toward the end. "Even With The Board" The month in the opinion of Dr. Cross as far as the 1963 crop is concerned, was just about "even with the board." There was a lot of sunshine but the sunshine factor of January is not of particular im- portance. NEW JERSEY January Cold The temperature during January averaged 29.5°, which is 4.4° below normal. This was a severely cold month but not close to a record. The months of January of 7 of the last 34 years were colder. The most severe January was in 1940 when the average temperature was 23.5° or 10.4° below normal. The second cold- est was in the more recent year of 1961 when it averaged 25.3°. The low during the past month was 2 below zero, on January 25, while a high of 59 occurred on the 10th. There were a total of 7 days in the month during which the maximum temperature did not go above freez- ing (32°). This is only 2 days more than normal. A succession of 4 days occurred during which the maximum was below freezing all day. This also was not very unusual for Janu- ary, much more prolonged spells having occurred in several of the past 34 years. Precipitation Low Precipitation in January, converted to rainfall, totaled only 2.20 inches, which is just % of normal, or de- ficient by 1.11 inches. There were cnly 2 light snowfalls, totaling 4.5 inches, which is about normal for January. Rain immediately following these snows kept the period of snow rover down to only 4 days for the entire month. Oxygen OK In certain sheltered areas the ttiickness of the ice on flooded cran- C. g L. EOUiPiENT CO 191 LEO^^ARD STREET ACUSHNET, MASS. Cranberry Beg Service PRUNING FERTILIZING RAKING WEED TRIMMING [ySachiiiery Sales PRUNERS RAKES POWER WHEELBARROWS WEED TRIMMERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS - Large & SmalJ For Further Information Call . . . F. P. CRANDON N. C. LEONARD Rockwell 3-5526 Wyman 5-3521 C. J. TRIPP Wyman 5-2013 berry tx^s reached 8 inches by the end of the month. Oxygen analyses of water taken from 12 representa- tive bogs on January 30 and January 31 were conducted at the Cranberry and Blueberry Laboratory. These tests revealed that 6 of the samples contained more than 6 c.c of oxygen per liter, 4 contained more than 4 c.c, while only 2 were on the margi- nal side with oxygen below 4 c.c. After February 1, however, rain and mild sunny weather broke up the ice appreciably and undoubtedly greatly improved the oxygen condition on cranberry bogs in New Jersey. No oxygen deficiency alert has been is- sued to growers in New Jersey so far in the 1962-1963 winter. Little Blueberry Damage Although some damage to peach buds has been observed in Burlmg- ton County, and particularly m At- lantic County, a survey of blueberry fields in the colder Burlington County revealed no significant damage. Even such tender varieties as Cabot and Weymouth were not hurt as of Feb. 1. WASHINGTON January Cold January was rather on t^e co' ! side, with several pericis of b./ temperatures on the 9th to the 12th with 15, 12, 8, and 15 degrees re- spectively, and these were somewhat^ below normal for the period. On the 18th there was 16, 19 on the 20th an 1 during the last week of the month 16 and 17. These are temperatures on the bogs at vine level. Precipitation Less Total rainfall for the cnonth wa^ 3.88 inches, less than the normal for January. As usual during the col 1 spells there was low humidity ihe low being 12 to 15 percent. Dr. Charles C. Doughty, Long Beach Experiment Station has said .le does not believe cranberries suffered any drastic or severe damage from the cold spells, at least to the end of January. WISCONSIN Jan. A Real Deep Freeze The state was under operation Deepfreeze most of the month of January. Records showed it was the third coldest January in the 100 year (Continued on Page 20) Industry - Government Relationship In Developing Foreign Markets (Editor's Note: The following is nearly all of the complete address made by John W. Stewart, acting Director, Fruit and Vegetable Division, Foreign Argiciiltural Service of the USDA given at annual meeting of Ocean Spray in August. This is printed because only the relatively small portion of the cranberry industry present heard it, and it very ably gives complete background information of the development of the Eiuropean market potential for cranberries as is being carried on iby the Cranberry ilnstitute in co-operation with USDA). Historically and customarily the government function in foreign mar- iket development) for agricultural products has been largely infonna- tional and professional. Informationally the U. S. trade has been kept notified of foreign devel- opments relating to volume of trade, changing demand factors in lan economic sense, competitive fac- tors, trade barriers, import require- ments and in some instances price developments. All of these are ga- thered and disseminated on a regu- lar and recurring schedtile, are of general value on a broad basis, and would be difficult, as well as ex- pensive, for individual ejcporters to compile. The base for this service is our worldwide Aigricviltural Attaidhe force. Professionally the U. S. Govern- ment has acted in matters in which only it can act; in actions wMch cannot be carried out by private traders. Typical of these are tariff negotiations, trade agreements and the resolution of import restrictions. In all of these instances; however, your govemiment acts only after giving notice to the trade, and in- viting comments and advice. In such matters your government de- pends heavily on the expressed wish- es of producers, packers and mar- keters. Recently a new relationship has developed between industry and government in foreign market de- velopment. This takes the form of specific cooperative endeavors in- volving far closer working relation- ships as well as the commitment of federal funds to join with industry contributions in carrying out foreign promotions. The Agricultural Trade Develop- ment and Assistance Act of 1954 (PubUc Law 480) was enacted "to expand international trade among tihe United States and friendly na- tions ... by providing a means whereby surplus agricultural com- modities in excess of the usual marketings may be sold through private trade channels and foreign currencies accepted in payment therefor." "It is further the policy to use foreign currencies which accrue to the United States under this Act to expand international trade ..." Section 104 (a) of this Act specifically provides that cer- tain of the "sale proceeds and loan repayments" shall be used "to help develop new markets for United States agricultural commodities on a mutually benefitting basis. This phrase of the law, "to help develop new markets" is "defined to include the maintenance or ex- pansion of an existing foreign mar- ket for agricultural commodities as well as the creation of an entirely new market." Since the enactment of this leg- islation the Fruit and Vegetable Division has entered into 40 pro- ject agreements involving a total expenditure of about 21/3 million dollars; approximately one-half from industry and one half from govern- ment. Some of these projects have been cooperative; that is, in partnership with specific industries for specific commodities such as cranberries, citnis, prunes, raisins, cherries. All of these are promotional in char- acter or intent. Same have been with commodity groups, particularly where the project objective involved investigation or service. In this category, market surveys for fresh deciduous fruits, ameliora- tion of additive regulations for dried fruits and evaluation of ar- rival condition of fresib fruits are typical. Still others have been car- ried out by the Fruit and Vegetable Division alone without a specifically designated cooperator since the ac- tivities affected the entire fruit in- dustry. The first project initiated under this law was in the latter category and involved the preparation and distribution of a sort of catalog of American fruits. The text is in four languages, cranberries are prcminently featured and acknow- ledgment is made to Ocean Spray for supplying photographs and ad- vice. This booklet, "American Fruits for the World, was initially distribu- ted throughout the world in 1957 and we are today after five years, still receiving requests from overseas for copies of it. Fortunately, we are still able to fill them. The govemmenlJ funds used in these market development projects come from several sources, all of which derive from routine appro- priations. First the local currency proceeds of sales or loan repay- ments under the law are purohased for use in the country to which the commodities were sold. At the pre- sent time no fruit or vegetable pro- jects are so financed. This is be- cause most of the countries now re- ceiving surplus commodities under this law are economically unable to offer sufficient market development ■opportunities for fruit and vegetable commodities to justify promotional activities. Secondly, limited amounts of local icurrencies received from the country taking the surplus commodities may be purchased for conversion into the currencies of other countries which do offer realistic opportunities for expanding the market for United States products. Currently, most fruit and vegetable projects are financed in this manner. Finally, the Congress, believing in the value of foreign market devel- opment a:ctivities to American farm- ers, appropriates dollars for the purchase of other foreign curren- cies to meet needs which cannot be met by the foregoing methods. A part of current fruit and vegetable projects are financed with these appropriated dollars. The Department has no "hard and fast" rule governing the propor- tion of the cost of activities to be paid by the industry and to be contributed by the government. (Ed- itor Note: Industrji cost may 'be in part in "services or goods)" In- dustry and government working to- Seven gether first oevelap an activities plan based on prospects of achiev- ing worthwhile results. Only after a specific project at a specific esti- mated cost is developed can agree- ment be reached on the division of costs. Often in the early stages of activities the government contri- bution far outweighs that of in- dustry. However, since government participation in such projects is not intended to last forever, the in- dustry share is expected to increase as positive program results become evident. At the present time, eight years after passage of the legisla- tion, the average fruit industry ex- penditure nearly matches that of the government. For all agriculture, less than half of total project expenditure is sup- plied by industry while the remain- ing amount is contributed by the government. The slightly higher average financial participation on the part of the fruit industry is mostly because the largest fruit promotion projects are carried out by industries which have long had foreign promotions. In these cases, the groundwork had been laid to passage of P. L. 480, the develop- mental phase had passed and any proprotionately larger government contribution would have overbal- anced the programs. The nature of project activities is decided by the industry and govern- ment together. Unlimited considera- tions go into this decision. Basically there are six possible categories of concern. These are (1) advertising, (2) merchandising, (3) public re- lations, (4) surveys, (5) supervis- ion and (6) evaluation. All elements are considered in the light of foreign conditions. While domestic promotional experience is helpful, it is necessary to tailor the methods to foreign ideas, tastes, incomes, habits and faciUties. Fur- ther, at the present, there is no "European market" on a grand scale in the sense 'Of the United States. You will find that these ideas, tastes, incomes, habits and facilities will vary from country to country. Occasionally it becomes desirable to start out with something new; a commodity wife no significant ex- port history, no data to show the volume and direction of trade, little Eight knowleu^c of foreign consumc'r us- age and demand, and even with uncertainty as to the most desir- able from for export. Tliis has been the case with cranberries. The cranberry idea probably start- ed some years ago when it was noted that Europeans generally liked cranberry sauce which was pur- chased to serve with chicken and like cranberry juice samples served at several trade fairs. In addition, it was noted that a fair volume of exports of fresh cranberries began to move to England following the trade liberahzation in 1959. The first cooperative agreement between the Foreign Agricultural Service and the Cranberry Institute was signed in December 1960 fol- lowing months of discussion be- tween industry and government re- presentatives. Of the six basic ele- ments in foreign market develop- men: activities noted before, the most important one written into the agreemen was "surveys." In view of the little knowledge avail- r'bls relating to sales opportunities for cranberries and cranberry pro- ducts in European countries the pro- ject was designed to explore the market potentials for cranberries in thc.:e countries and then to pro- mote in markets where surveys in- dicate a potential exists. The project provided specifically for survey trips by cooperator rep- resentatives for it has been our experience that foreign markets can he- evaluated only by on-the-spot investigations. In fact, the plurals are deliberate; it was intended that more than one person would need to make more than one visit to the potential market areas. Initially, a total expenditure of about $19,000 was contemplated; about seven thousand from industry and twelve thousand from the gov- ernment. Presently, the project pro- vides for a total government con- tribution of about $31,000 and an industry expenditure of $15,000. With this amount of funds a specific advertising and merchan- dising program will be carried out this winter in the United Kingdom while some additional market eva- luation will be needed, particularly in the countries on the continent. Initial impetus to the fall and winter British promotion will come from the display and sampling of cranberry products at the British Food Fair to be held in Olympia Hall in London from August 28 to Sep- temper 12. Additional opportunities for building sales will occur at the Institutional Food Exhibit to ibe held at the London Trade Center, October 9 to 26. About a year ago your industry held a special exhibit at this Trade Center which was especially helpful in getting to know the British import trade and in acquainting them with the variety of cranberry products available from • the United States. Yoti.r re^iresentativea have done well thus far in appraising potential opportunities and in making friends for ycu in the market places. They have had opportunity to meet many importers, tw provide samples of your products, to carry out some demonstrations, to observe consimier reactions on the spot, to evaluate some of the competition and to learn of available promotional fa- cilities. Yet, we believe, they have only started. You still need to learn what specific product or products offer the best long range opportuni- ties and whether these should be exported as finished products or processed in the country of con- sxmiption. You need, also, to learn how best to introduce cranberries to consum- ers who do not know the berry at all; what proportion of the promo- tion efforts should be direct and wthat proportion through tie-in ac- tivities with other commodities such as chicken and meats; what are the principal competitive products in European markets; and what cost factors may impede trade and how they can 'be ameliorated. We believe that only an analysis ofi the Englisih promotion to be carried out this winter and further personal visits with importers and the distributive trade in European countries can answer these ques- tions. In the meantime, there are some things that need doing here in the U. S. Unfortunately, in the U. S. ex- port data, fresh cranberries are lumped with a number of berries, (Continued on Page 12) Attesting to the interest of the USDA in foreign markets for U. S. products is this photo (taken some time ago in Hamburg, Germany, of Secretary of Agriculture Orville L. Freeman. He stands behind a display of American cranberry cocktail juice, has an apple in his hand and the young lady is from Hawaii, and is pro- moting pineapple products. (Photo Released by Cranberry Institute) Chloro - IPC For Control Of Some Cranberry Weeds by I. E. DEMORANVILLE 1* Massachusetts Cranberry Experiment Station Chloro-IPC will be included in the weed control chart recommenda- tions for use on cranberry weeds in 1963. The 20% granular will be the only recommended formulation. Tests on the Mquid formulation over a number of years have shown little weed control and complete elimination of the crop due to killmg of the flower buds. There are a number of advantages involved in using the granular type of material, such as simplicity and economy of application, convenience in treating small areas and lack of crop and vine injury at recommended rates. Chloro - IPC should be used at trolled in some tests, but this mater- rates up to 100 pounds per acre in the spring, from April 1st to the start of new growth. Fall applications have not been very successful in Massachusetts, although some other areas are recommending treatment at this time. Weeds controlled by this material are summer grass, sorrel, crab grass, com grass, barn- yard grass, tearthumb, fireweed and dodder ("gold thread"). Summer grass is controlled at rates of 50 pounds per acre of 20% granular Chloro-IPC from April 1st to the start of new growth and also after harvest. A rate of 100 pounds per acre gives excellent control of sor- rel during the month of April. Apph- cations after the first week in April do not give as good control. Crab grass, com grass, bamyard grass, tearthumb and fireweed are con- trolled by using 50 pounds per acre on first year plantings and 75 to 100 pounds per acre on mature vines from late April to the start of new growth. Growers should be careful ial will not be recommended for these weeds until further testing has been completed. The following weeds are not controlled by Chloro-IPC: nut grass, ragweed, aster, spike rush, poverty grass, white violets, loosestrife, carex sps., marsh St. John-wort, pitchfolks, poison ivy, 3-square, needle grass and bramble. Chloro-IPC can be used after re- sanding without damage to vines or crop. It should not be used after late water, as it will reduce the crop and injure the vines. This chemical is not fast acting and needs moisture to activate it. It works quickest if the bog surface is wet when it is applied or if wet by rain soon after apolication. However, since Chloro- IPC does not break down rapidly there is no loss in its effectiveness if it is not quickly activated. Grow- ers should not expect to see any vi- sual symptoms on the weeds for at least two weeks and possibly much longer if there is no rain. Since at least half of the application season. not to use more than 50 pounds per period falls during the frost acre on first-year plantings, because growers are advised to time their higher rates will inhibit the growth application either just prior to rain of the young vines. This rate will or just after removal of the flood keep the treated area essentially while the bog surface is wet. How- free of the annual weeds listed for ever, treatments should be made the entire crowing season; however, ^hen vines are dry. A frost flow some broadleaved annuals, especial- ly ragweed and pitchforks are not controlled by this chemical. Dodder is controlled by using a rate of 100 pounds per acre just before the start of the new growth of the vines. Tim- ing is very im.portant for this weed, because technically it is an annual (starting from seed each year) and these seeds do not germinate until late May or early June. Hairy panic grass, cut grass and horsetail have been partially con- immediately after application would rossibly cause part of the chemical to be carried off the bog, thereby reducing its effectiveness. The Chloro-IPC granules are uni- form in size but are fairly light in weight; therefore, applications should be made when there is little or no wind. It is difficult and time con- suming to apply the material even- ly by hand, but cyclone seeders and some fertilizer spreaders have given good results. In general, spcial gran- ular distributors would probably do a better job. Special air craft appli- cation equipment is also available. Growers are cautioned that al- though Chloro-IPC has been ap- proved by the government as a safe chemical, this approval is on a "no residue" basis. This material can not be legally applied after the start of new growth and cannot be used at rates of over 100 pounds per acre. *1. Instructor, Cranberry Experi- ment Station, University of Massa- chusetts, East Wareham. Mass. Clubs Told Order Has Benefits As Wei! As Disadvantages BRIGGS SAYS TOO SOON FOR TOTAL EVALUATION The cranberry marketing order was discussed by Manager Tony Briggs at the January meetings of the Massachusetts Cranberry club, Bamstable County at Barnstable January 24 and Gov. Bradford school Carver, the following afternoon; there were also Ocean Spray reports by Assistant Treasurer John Harri- ott and by Larry Proesch, sales; with a talk on production in Massa- chusetts by Dr. C. E. Cross of the Cranberry Experiment Station. Briggs,' while saying it was too early to evaluate the effects of the order upon the industry and the in- dividual grower, did point out what seemed to him some beneficial re- sults, also negative ones, the Ocean Spray officials spoke of the solvency of the cooperative and outlined im- mediate future aims as to increasing sales through increased promotion directed at the consumer and with new products, while Dr. Cross warn- ed growers might expect much more frost trouble this June than normally. "As you know, the marketing order came into existance by a referendum last fall," Briggs said. "It is much too early to make any complete evaluation at this time, however, I feel that certain observations can be made. "This year the fresh fruit price is . higher than last year. It was stable ^ and it had a rising trend throughout the season. You probably all know that in a year when the price tends to fall or there is price-cutting, buy- ers have a great wariness — they hold off, waiting to see what the price might be next week. This doesn't help our sales picture. "However, this year with a stable price that rose, this was not in ef- fect. Prices for processing berries were higher and this price also rose throughout the year. (Briggs empha- sized this point. It may leave the door open for ^a slightly higher price. How much these trends reflect this year on grower returns, I would not try to predict at this time. We will know more of this from all the handlers, when they have a chance to finish all their accounting and are ready to pay the growers. "What has been done, it seems to me, is to set the stage for another year. "It is too early to predict what the set-aside would be for another year. But, if sales are good there is a possibility it can be lower than it was this year. "As you know a great deal of the set- aside was dumped this year. I think the industry is workmg on and should work on harder for outlets for withheld berries. This year an at- tempt has been made to start build- ing up a market for fresh cranber- ries in Europe. Now, let's stop for a minute at this point, we have seen what is done immediately this year and the reflections on the price of cranberries and think what the situ- ation might have ibeen this year with a crop of a million, three hundred odd thousand barrels and a total supply of 1,500,000 barrels. We have seen in the past what prices were offered in years of surplus. Three years ago some of the offers were as low as $6 a barrel and most of it being $8.00 a barrel. Fresh fruit price was $15 to $16, some slightly lower than $15. "Compare this with what this year actually produced in prices for fresh fruit of from $17 to $18 and higher prices for canning berries. TV) complete the pictiire we must also see the negative. We do have the cost and expense of running the marketing order, which this year has been 4i^ cents per barrel; we have had a 12 percent set-aside due to our prior surplus, and we have the expense of handling the set-aside. Another year, if the sales go well it may be hopeful that the set-aside can ibe less. "In conclusion; it is too early to fully evaluate; this year has been a year of quiet, stable and slightly rising selUng prices. It has been a time in which we are setting the stage for another better season next year. We should be making an all-out effort towards an outlet for our re- stricted tonnage and we should be making an equally all-out effort towards improvement of the quality of our fruit and processed goods. "The last thing I would like to put Forward is this; the marketing order is not going to be a cure-all for our problems. What I feel it will do is that it will give us a respite from ;he price depressing burden of a surplus on the market, but it will only be successful if, we as an in- dustry, take full advantage of it and make an all-out successful effort to expand our sales. It is my hope that we, as an mdustry can expand sales profitably under the order so that in time we will not need it." Through increased advertising di- rected at the consumer, Mr. Proesch, said he believed the consumer will see cranberries in a new light. He spoke of the change in policy of Ocean Spray in spending of its ad- vertising money to reach the con- sumer and not some in broker's dis- counts or other incentives. He said he felt the broker would in the end benefit through increased sales. He spoke of the market which is building for cranberry juice cock- tail, from nothing ten years ago to its present size; although still rela- tively small m the amount of barrels of cranberries used, this is steadily growing and shows great promise of rels. He said the set-aside for Ocean Spray had been 130,000 barrels and ^rinkage this year had been un- usually heavy, especially heavy, in Wisconsin and might total 80-90,000 barrels aside from the set-aside. Total received about 1,085,512 bbls. In speaking of Wisconsin fruit, Mr. Proesch had told of the new cocktail line in North Chicago which would utilize berries from that state but given color with Early Blacks from Massachusetts, and added flavor. At one point Orrin G. Colley, presi- dent of Cranberry Institute said fig- ures being compiled by the Institute might show that, under the market- ing order the growers had netted about a million and a half dollars more than in 1961. A number of questions were directed at Ocean Spray speakers, particularly caustic ones at the Cape meeting, which ultimately using a much larger '\ j -u t^- 4. tit-it amount of fruit. He told how ex^n-f'^^f, answered by Director William sive it is to develop a market in a *^ ^- ^^°^®^^ ^^ ^^^"''- ^^"^ ^^ ^*- amount of fruit. He told how expen- :' > ^^^^^ answerea oy pirecior sive it is to develop a market in a *?. f ' f 'Tr^V^^ Dennis. About given area, in competition with the Wv^^"^f^ *^^ ^^^^^ !^^^*'"^ ^"^ ^°"'^- est will be gone after this year andy|meeting Alden C. Brett, that eventua ly there would be ai|\bn>ught up the subject of many other products. He said thei,"^^* ^^ °" *^® ^^P® IS'^JS'l^-'^^^^J'"^^ *^^ ^^^:^ At the conclusion of the Carver Belmont, ,. , , J. .^ , , ,i,»'-- — o"" up tne subject of obtaining national market, it was hoped andfejberries from the set-aside to send national promotion. M^^ Eu^pe in processed form. A pro- He said surveys show that it isWposal has been made bv Cranberrv older people, from 35 on who most' Winstitute that 5,000 barrels be utilized use fresh cranberries and how there Pi for this purpose. However, it has been found that in the market order cranberries and how there is an Ocean Spray program through schools to induce teachers of home economics to teach children how to use the fresh fruit. For new products he outlined what is now being concentrated upon: a new and improved jelly sauce, cook- ed cranberry orange relish, a larger portion pack for institutional sales, a new whole sauce, probaly sold in glass; also a complete line of frozen rranberries from fresh frozen to a juice concentrate, and also a new two-pack sauce and possibly a handy three pack, with savings coupon for repeat sales. A color sound movie "Cranberries in 1963" designed primarily for bro- ker groups was shown. Speaking from the viewpoint of an pccountant. Mr. Harriott spoke of the solvency of Ocean Spray. He said that currently the Dun and Brad- .«f,reet rating is the highest, AAAl. He said the company was able to make short term working loans from banks and repay them on tune and save discounts. He said he could not say how much the 1962 pool will pay, but Ocean Spray would try to make payments more equitable to the growers in timing, so growers may plan better. He said the last three pools had been the highest ever with high costs in- volved, pools of more than a million barrels. He said fresh fruit sales to Dec. 31 had been 253,000 (school lunch 98,500) barrels and total sales as of Dec. 31 bad been 367,000 bar- by-laws as drawn up under pressure of time last fall, there is no pro- vision for this. A change in the by- law is necessary and it requires a vote of 5 of the seven member mar- keting committee. This has not yet been forthcoming. Mr. Brett's motion was that it was the concensus of the meeting that the committee vote for the by-law, that this part of the berry set-:aside might be sent overseas to help build up the market. A vote was taken and questioned by John C. Decas, "independent" mem^"" of the committee. He said ]- '''-■^ the matter required study a-^d •■"^ meeting was not qualified to nass such a motion. However, it was put and "Don" Marini, county r'~ent. who conducted the meeting declared it was a vote "ibut not unanimous." Dr. Cross's talk appears on Page 3 under Station Notes. Try Cranberries Advert FOR SALE 6 DARLINGTON PICKERS, re- cently overhaTded. $500 each. Address J. CRANBERRIES MAGAZINE Wareham, Mass. Alden Brett Urges Set- A side Berries For Europe Alden C. Brett of Belmont, prom- inent Mass. grower, a trusted of the University of Massachusetts and for- mer executive secretary of the cran- berry Institute has sent a letter to members of the Cranberry Market- ing Committee urging the use of berries from the set-aside for pro- cessed cranberyr promotion in Eu- rope. Mr. Brett says it would be "criminal" to destory these berries when there is need of their use for this purpose. The letter follows: At the last regional meeting of the Cape Ocxl Cranberry Growers Association there developed a dis- cussion as to the disposition of the set-aside, and the point was made that some shipments of fresh berries were being made to Europe for the purpose of familiarizing people in these countries with the cranberry, which up to this time has been practically unknown to them. There seemed to be some doubt as to 'AHhether all or any part of the set- aside could or should be processed and shipped out of the icountry in processed form with this same ob- jectipe in mind. It is obvious that a great deal of such promotional work must be done before any appreciable European demand is created. In the set-aside we now have available a substantial quantity of cranberries which must be disposed of through channels which do not compete with sales out- lets in the United States. It should be obvious that the industry should take full advantage of this fact by getting as many of these berries as possible' into foreign' distribuWon channels in whattever form possible. The ability to do so in the form of fresh berries is limited, but if a method of sending aboard processed berries could be worked out a great deal more could be accomplished. It would be criminal to destory any of the set-aside berries here when the need for cranberries and cran- berry products to be used for promo- tional purposes in opening up foreign markets is so obvious. I 'understand that you have full authority to handle this matter for the best good of the industry within Twelve the framework of the Marketing Order. Submitted therefore for your consideration, Alden C. Brett Cranberry Institute (Continued from Page 2) for the Institute and also for the poultry group has discussed plans for a future marketing effort for cranberries and poultry in West Germany and the Benelux Countries. The directors voted to retain Mr. Parker as counsel for another year. In this connection it was pointed out that Mr. Parker'sj services are considered "invaluable," in contact work with igoivemmeint agencies, follow throuigih of projects must be performed by Institute representa- tives. Carroll O. Miller of Wareham will continued as Institute auditor. Another activity of the Institute will be to investigate the possibili- ties of cranberries along with other fruits in the U S Army program for irridation of foods. This development has come about following the split- ting of the atom and offers fantas- tis possibilities in the preservation of foods without refrigeration, which is lacking in many countries. Civilian head of this is Dale Selling, former c'ecn of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, who has spoken at Mass. cranberry meetings) and is r.o'; a stran:jer to this industry. Foselgn Market (""■ontinusd from Page 8) canned cranberries are in a "bas- ket" wijh 12 other fruits, dehydrated cranberries too are in a "basket category" as are the cranberry juices. Therefore, it becomes im- portant to develop a means to know what volume of cranberry pro- ducts have been exported to what countries in the past and then to arrange to collect this data annual- ly. Only through such a yardstick can you know how well you are doing. In addition, in anticipation that the most effective means of ex- porting may be through the ship- ment of a raw product to the des- tination markets for final proces- sing there, the most suitable form of cranberries for export needs t< be determined. Conceivably, it could be fresh, or frozen, or dehydrated, or even pulped. But the most suit- able, most acceptable and most economic form has not yet been determined. The pressure of cranberry sup- plies requires that additional mar- kets be found in order to maintain a prosperous as well as growing cranberry industry in the United, States. If the foreign market can 'be developed to provide the nec- essary outlets we shall consider the government's funds to have beer well spent, as you undoubtedly wil so consider yours. However, sucl development is not likely to come in a rush. It will require much time and much hard work. Bui wher achieved we believe you will fine it a satisfactory market. JOHN R. NELSON "FARMER OF YEAR" In observing "Farmer-City Week,' the Ilwaco-Long Beach Kiwanis Clul named John A. Nelson of Nahcotta as "Farmer of the Year." A com mittee of five judges picked Mr Nelson for his achievements as j successful cranberry grower and out standing work in community service Mr. Nelson, a native of Oystervills has been active in the historica society, the agricultural society anc other activities. Last fall his bog hac one of the most successful of Wash ington State crops, with one of tht highest yields per acre. He was pre sented with an engraved plaque. It was pointed out large proper ties and modem methods are neces sary for successful farming today and a farmer must be a specialist ii his field, in labor problems, irriga tion, chemicals, finance and mechanij cal matters. A look into the crystal ball: Fru; suppliea into mid- 1963 should b; considerably smaller than a yea ago. The citrus crop probably wi. be a good deal smaller due to th severe Florida freeze in mid-De cember and deciduous fruit crop may also be sm/ller than in 196i' Prospects for fruit exports do nc seem as fovorable in the comin year as in the 1961-63 seasor (FRUIT-O-SCOPE, American Fru Grower) Wisconsin Mechanical Vine Pruner A view of the Primer on the edge of the Potter Cranberry Company Marsh, Warrens, Wisconsin, and below a closer view of the machine. For several years some Wisconsin cranberry growers have been getting an excellent pruning job done on their vines with a self-propelled me- chanical pruner. Estimated to do work comparable to nine or ten men, it prunes the runners, rakes them up, and combs the vines in one trip. In 1954 the first successful machine was constructed by Russell Potter and Robert Hendricks in the Case Machine Shop at Warrens, Wiscon- sin. Up to this time other mechanical devices had been tried but none of them had proved to be workable. As a three wheeled vehicle, this machine is powered by an air-cooled, eight horsepower engine. A trans- mission and a rear end differential are used to provide power to the rear wheels. What makes this machine prune cranberry vines? Just behind the head wheel are three rows of spring teeth. These rows are all on different levels. (See picture) When power is applied to these teeth, one row stays in its lowest position at all times. As the other two rows of teeth al- ternately pass into the down move- ment and go through one revolution, they turn the long vine runners to one aide and lay them in a cross- wise position to the cutting blades. Now, behind these rows of teeth is a drum (eight inches in diameter and six feet long) on which is mount- ed knives made of mower sections placed alternately four inches apart. As this drum rotates, it cuts off the runners that have been turned into position. The teeth and the drum are mounted so their heights can be controlled together. Once the vines are cut off, the rake behind rakes up the cut vines and recombs the vines, that were turned to one side, leaving a neat job. As a labor and time saving ma- chine, the mechanical vine pruner has proved its value to many Wis- consin cranberry growers. Jersey Growers Meet Feb. 14 Annual winter meeting of Amer- ican Cranberry Growers Associa- tion was scheduled for American Legion Hall, Pemberton, New Jer- sey Feb. 14. Speakers include Anthony R. Briggs, manager Cran- berry Marketing Order, Wareham, Mass.; Philip E. Marucci, N.J. Cranberry and Blueberry Laboratory on "Oanberry Insect Control." Also George Bird of Rutgers on "Nematodes on Cranberries," Dr. Paul Eck, Rutgers, on "1962 Cran- berry Fertilizer Trials," and Allan W. Stretch, Rutgers, on "Cranberry Rot Control." Scheduled, also was 1962 cran- berry crop report by H. M. Walters, USDA, a report on progress on the State Experimental Station at Whar- ton Tract, and an exhibition of a vibrating screen for separating chaff from cranberries harvested by the water reel method. Also election of officers for 1963. It is expected a report of this meeting will be given in the March issue. More Wisconsin Acreage An estimate oomes from Wisconsin that growers there may plant 300 to 400 acres per year the next few years. All are planned for high producting varieties. Thirteen Harris Co^mpany Serves Growers, Sprinklers The Charles W. Harris Co. irri- gation equipment suppliers are New England distributors foi* W. R. Ames G5o. of Florida, selling with a slogan of "highest quality products with satisfaction guarranteed." The Am€s ABC coupler is a steel ball- bell coupler that is pressed ito both ends of aluminum tubing. The fact that Ames couplers are steel makes them the most adaptable coupler on the market. These couplers can be cut and welded to fit any situation that may develop in an irrigation installation. The spring circular lock gives a 360 degree lock at every joint and is water tight at 5 pounds pressure with a 20 degree bend if necessary. The Harris company sells on a satisfaction money back guarrantee if they do the planning and super- vise the installation of an irrigation system. The Harris family has re- presented Ames Company for 18 years. They serviice installations sell Rambird sprinklers, Hand Pri- mers, Gould Pumps, Wisconsin en- gines, pesticides, new market con- tainers, and do custom weed control spraying on uplands. Recently a new storage warehouse has been built on State Highway 138 in Dighton, Mass. Efficient Harvest Is The Aim Of Wise. Growers One Method Is Use of a "Prentice" Loader for Hand- ling of Berry-Filled Boats. Wisconsin growers, as are other growers, too, of course, are working to 'achieve greater efficiency in th3 harvesting of the crop. One im- portant step in this is the more rapid handling in getting berries from the marshes onto trucks after the crop has been water raked. This involves easy handhng of the small fibreglass boats into which the berries are harvested by tte Getsinger-Dana water picker. When the boats are filled, they are pushed close to a loading point. There, one popular method is io have a "Prentice" loader pick up Fourteen the boat and swing it over a tnxik which is equipped with a special hauling box which also has a dump- ing arrangement that is used in unloading the berries for the drier at the packing plant. Most Wisconsin growers have their own mechanical driers. John Grygleski, who is manager for the big Cranberry Lake Devel- opment at Phillips has devised a hydraulic motor-operated dump which is attached to a "Prentice," loader boom. This dump turns the boat completely upside down and by reversing the hydrauiic motor, turns it back to the right side up position. After the boats are empty they are loaded onto a 4-wheel wagon which is pulled by a farm tractor. The empty boats are then brought over to the next loading point. Mr. Grygleski has said that he can handle approximately 1800 boats in nine hours. The boats weigh from 800 to 900 pounds eaich. The "Prentice" loader in use is a standard FOBC-RM, adapted to this application, and is one of the many special types of material handling the "Prentice" line is noted for. The "Prentice" is made by the Prentice Hydraulics, Inc., of Pren- tice, in upper Wisconsin. Further Report Cranberry Juice In Medicine The February "P amily Circle,' (circulation 6,500,000 families) under ts heading "Here's News in Medi- ;ine," had a report on "cranberry ,'uice for health." quoted from the Wisconsin Medical Journal. Cran- berry juice as a urinary medical 'reatment has long been a favorite theme of Bert J. Leasure of Wis- consin and others. This magazine had an article in the November issue and one previously on hippuric acid. The quote as given: "Long used in the Cape Cod area of Massachusetts for treating urin- ary infections, cranberry juice actu- ally appears to be highly effective, a Wisconsin physician reports. The juice contains an acid (quinic acid) that is converted within the body to another acirl (hippuric acid) with strong anti-bacterial action. Man: women with painful, frequent an( urgent urination — a common prob lem that sometimes fails to responc satisfactorily to antibiotics, sulf; drugs, and other standard treatmen — have been relieved of all symp toms while taking two six-ounc* glasses of cranberry juice daily. Th( juice also seems to be effective, th( same physician reports, in treating chronic pyelonephritis, a k i d n e : condidion. And there is some indi cation that the juice may help re duce the tendency toward the for: mation of recurrent kidney stones.', Cranberry Clubs Discuss Quality "The Future of the Fresh Frui'i Market for Cranberries," was th(t topic of a panel discussion at th( February meetings of the Massachu- setts Cranberry Clubs. The schedule is Cane Cod club: Barnstable Court- house, Feb. 19, 7:30 p.m.; Southeast ern Massachusetts, Rochester Grang<, hall, Feb. 20, 2:30 p.m. and Soutll Shore, Kingston, Feb. 21, 7:30 p.mj On the panel were John C. Dec as Decas Bros. Wareham; William At wood, Gilbert T. Beaton and Stanleji Benson, both of Ocean Spray, ProfI John S. Norton, Cranberry Statioi staff; Dr. C. E. Cross, Station Di- rector and Prof. Bradford Crossman University of Massachusetts, wh< may not attend the Cape meeting. Fresh fruit quality is a topic o increasing interest to growers, manj of whom feel a payment incentiv< should be offered to growers wh(; produce quality fruit. (These meetings will be reportec in the next issue.) Glass Pack Line Shewing Promise Vernon Goldsworthy president o: Cranberry Products, Inc. E a g 1 igja.l.5 ISSUE OF FEBRUARY 1963 VOL 27 - NO. 10 XiH' ^■OOHAtCMMOar^^ THE MARKETING ORDER AND OCEAN SPRAY It seems true, it is too early to completly evaluate the effect of the marketing order upon the individual grower or the industry as a whole. It now seems as if some posi- tive results may be indicated as well as some negative ones. The 1962 crop, all but a record one, sold in the fresh market on a stable and slightly rising price. Was this due, at least in part to, the order? Would there have been this stable market without it, in view of the big crop? We don't know, and in fact, we are inclined to go along with the opinion it will take another crop, or two seasons, to really be sure either way. After all the vital question is "does it benefit the average grower and the industry as a whole?" This is a vehicle designed for the grower, not the handler of fresh berries or the processor. The cranberry industry is most unusual in its make-up in that Ocean Spray is such a dominant part. But it is today a fact that about 85 percent of production has chosen that co-op for its marketing outlet. It is all but bound to dominate in many ways; for instance, we get here, at Cranberries Magazine, more news from Ocean Spray than from independents, although we try to get more news of their activities from them. At cranberry meetings there are often Ocean Spray members speaking as such, seldom independents. Ocean Spray has four members on the Cranberry Marketing Order Committee. On the Cranberry Institute, there are, at the moment, three from each group as direc- tors, last year there were four indepen- dents. We feel these units do at least offer a **forum" where both groups may express their views, and one "side" or the other may happen in a particular instance to have the "better idea." ANOTHER MARKETING ORDER? To return to the Marketing Order, it is interesting that Wisconsin State Cranberry Growers Association, as we understand it, voted to voluntarily assess members on a barrel basis to provide more or continued CLARENCE J. HALL Editor and Publiiher EDITH S. HALI^Associate Editor Wareham, Massachusetts SUBSCRIPTIONS, |3.50 Per Year, FOREIGN, $4.50 CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin LEO A. SORENSON Cranberry Consultant Wisconsin Rapids Wisconsin Dr. Washington CHARLES C. DOUGHTY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. Oregon FRED HAGELSTEIN Coquille, Ore. Massachusetts Dr. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. New Jersey P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey research. If this does not work out on a voluntary basis, a state marketing order is to be sort. Therefor, a marketing order of which there are many kinds, does not seem in itself repugnant. Also it shows, as we have been aware for some time, that grow- ers do value research in cranberry culture. In this issue we would specially call at- tention to the article by John W. Stewart, acting chief of Foreign Agricultural Serv- ice, USDA. This gives a comprehensive ac- count of foreign export for U.S. agricul- ture, under USDA help and especially of cranberries in this program. The article deserves careful reading. SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS OCEAN SPRAY (Continued from Page 16) tions, formerly filled by Kenneth E. Garside has been filled. The new appointee is Robert C. Lucas, who has been employed in production operations and quality control by Lever Bros, in the United States and Canada. At one time he managed a farmers' cooperative in British Co- lumbia. Also named to Ocean Spray is Norman Scott, who is an industrial engineer with experience in New England and who for the past 11 years has conducted his own indus- trial engineering firm in Italy and Sicily. He will also work in the Op- erations Department. fresh From The Fields (Continued from Page 6) old records. Surprisingly the first 13 days of the month were 6.5 degrees above normal, but from then on the bottom fell out of the thermometer. Coldest reading was a reported minus 50 degrees on the 15th near Black River Falls. Many areas of the state had the dubious honor of being the coldest in the country during this period. Continuous below zero read- ings were common for several days and some areas had as much as 19 consecutive nights when the read- ings went below zero. Very little snow fell during the real cold period, but snow cover of from about 4 inches in the south to 14 in the far north earlier in the month remained through the month SPRINKLER SYSTEMS PUMPS HIGH CAPACITY WELLS ROBERTS IRRIGATION SERVICE STEVENS POINT WISCONSIN and greatly helped the needed radia- tion for the low readings. Average Temp. Low The average temperature for the month was about 10 to 12 degrees above zero, much higher than the all tune record of 5.6 degrees set in 1912. Snow fall was only a third of normal with very little water content. The outlook for February calls for a continuation of below normal tem- peratures and precipitation. Frost Deep Frost depths increased rapidly dur- ing the real cold period with some areas reporting almost 4 feet deep. Needless to say this bitter cold froze down the winter floods completely on marshes which had not pulled out their water earlier. Ice depths on the reservoh-s were reported as much as 30 mches. Cold Curtailed Sanding Naturally the weather curtailed most sanding operations and other outside work. Most marshes were busy repairing machinery during the period and then even some had to work with gloves on inside due to the severe cold. OREGON During January there were frosty nigihts and there were many hours of periods below 40 degrees. There was very little rain and much sunshine, which should have helped 1963 crop prospects. aiiBilliHIIIIBillHIIIHIIIHIIinilHIIHIIIHIIIi SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES Jill INDIAN TRAIL, inc. WORKING— MERCHANDIZING— SELLING WISCONSIN-GROWN CRANBERRIES 12 Months of the Year Moving FRESH — FROZEN— — CANNED & JUICE — Striving always to move TOP-QUAL- ITY products at TOP PRICES for bet- ter returns to WISCONSIN Growers. P. 0. BOX 710, WIS. RAPIDS, WIS. Twenty SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS FOR SALE SEARLES JUMBO HOWES, McFARLIN Vine* for delivery in 1963 $125.00 Ton F.O.B. INTERESTED IN PURCHASING WISCONSIN CRANBERRY PROPERTIES Vernon Goldsworthy B.S. & M.S. ' University of Wisconsin Cranberry Consultant Fees Reasonable EAGLE RIVER WISCONSIN DANA MACHINE & SUPPLY Co. Wis. Rapids Wis. MFGS. of: SPRAY BOOMS GRASS CLIPPERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS Getsinffer Retracto tooth pickers Dryers DISTR. of: VEE BELTS & PULLEYS ROLLER CHAINS SPROCKETS & BEARINGS CONVEYOR BELTING STEEL OUR PRODUCTS Strained Cranberry Sauce Whole Cranberry Sauce Cransweets Diced Cransweets Cranberry Apple Sauce Spiced Cranberries Cranberry Chilli Sauce Cranberry Bar-B-Q Sauce Cranberry Orange Relish Cranberry Vinegar Cranberry-Strawberry Preserves Cranberry Juice Cranberry-Cherry Preserves Cran-Beri Cranberry-Pineapple Preserves Cran-Vari Cranberry-Raspberry Preserves Cran-Puri Cranberry-Rhubarb Preserves Cranberry Puree Cranberry-Gooseberry Preserves Cran-Bake Sliced and Whole Maraschino Cranberries Consumer Size & Bulk Fresh Cranberries Cranberry Products, Inc. EAGLE RIVER, WISCONSIN DUE TO OUR INABILITY TO OBTAIN ENOUGH CRANBERRIES IN 1962 THESE SPECIALTIES ARE BEING DISCONTINUED. CORRUGATED CULVERT PIPE and FLOW GATES FelkerBros. Mfg.Co. MARSHFIELD WISCONSIN Phone 230 - 231 THIS SPACE Is GOING TO WASTE IT MIGHT BE CARRY- ING YOUR MESSAGE To EVERY CRANBERRY GROWER YOU Are reading this ad. Others will read yours in CRANBERRIES Magazine Library, Unxv* of HftjSMS. This is anofher round in our continuing campaign fo teach all America that IF IT SMELLS GOOD, LOOKS GOOD, TASTES GOOD, PUT CRANBERRY SAUCE ON IT. our appetizing four co/or pages are appearing in American Home, McCall's, Good Housekeeping, Ladies Home Journal. As we say in ffie ads, HEIGHTEN THE FLAVOR, BRIGHTEN THE PLATE WITH OCEAN SPRAY. I IVEI •^Wt ^^TWHAL CRANBER/^^g^^g^ APE COD lEW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON CANADA RICHARD A. HELEEN, Ocean Spray Director, alert grower, and a Town Sel "• (CRANBERRIES PHO' 35 Cenfs MARCH 1963 DIRECTORY For CRANBERRY GROWERS Worcester Paper PREFABRICATED 1 The i Box Corporation FLUMES iCHARLES W. HARRIS! MEDFORD, MASS. Tel. MYstic 8-5305 Straightline Pumps Bog Railroads 1 Company i 1 4St Old Somerset Ave. | 1 North Dighton, Mass. | Manufacturers of Folding Cartons For Rent 1 AMES 1 CONSULTANT On Water Problems i Irrigation Systems i 1 Sprinklers | and Displays RUSSELL A. TRUFANT North Carver, Mass. Tel. ■ 1 1 Weed killers | 1 Insecticides ■ 1 Fungicides | UNion 6-C696 ■ Kiekens - Duster .-md Sprayers i WATER WHITE KEROSENE Wareham Savings EQUIPMENT For use on Cranberry Bogs Bank HAYDEN Also STODDARD S01.VEN7 WAREHAM and FALMOUTH - SEPARATOR - Pronpt Delivery Service ;Savings Accounts WAREHAM, MASS. Franconia Coal Co. Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent Irrigation Systems PUMPS — Inc. — Wareham, Mass. Phone CYpress 5-3800 SEPARATORS - BLOWERS SCREENHOUSE EQUIPMENT Tel. CY 5-0039 Kimball 8-3000 DARLINGTON PICKING MACHINES The National Bank of Wareham Conveniently located for Cranberry Men Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK ALFRED PAPPI At Screenhouses, Box* and Pumps Means Satis factiwi WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. CY 5-2000 Funds always available for sound loans SUBSCRIBE TO Complete Banking Service CRANBERRIES Member Federal Deposit liuuniBce Cor». i I Better Quality Fresh Fruit Urged By Panelists At Meetings Speakers Declare This Im- perative to Increase Sales, Returns, Incentives Discuss- ed — John C. Decas Sug- gests Acreage Limitation to Fleduce Surplus. That fresh fruit quality must be improved and that there must be incentive payments to growers who produce this was agreed by all speak- ers of a panel of meetings of the Massachusetts cranberry clubs: Barnstable, Feb. 19; Rochester, the 20th; and Kingston the 21st. It was also generally conceded that cran- berry quality is not as good as it formerly was. Dr. C. E. Cross, director of the Cranberry Experiment Station ar- ranged and moderated the discus- sion. He noted that the late Dr. Franklin in 1948 said that the market had kept pace with production, and there might be a possibility the mar- ket might exceed production; but that almost immediately after that, the picture began to change and since then production has exceeded the market. One reason, he said, was not good quality fruit, picking ma- chines came in and they caused tenderness, the machines also tended to thicken vine growth and that in- SANDERS Biult from $750. WHEEL-OFF RIGS FLUMES Built to Order Welder and Power Shovel Available Will do Custom Sanding Oiva Hannula Carver, Mass. UN 6-4419 directly made for more tender fruit. He said the new wet raking did not tend to benefit quality. "Our quality is net what it used to be and some- thing must be done about it, and that through incentive payment," he concluded in his introduction. "If we don't our industry will fold." William Atwood of the A. D. Make- peace Company said probably all growers knew how to grow better cranberries and would do so if hand- lers offered price incentives for quality fruit. He then explained, as was generally known, that late hold- ing of the winter flood generally pro- duced sounder berries, but that there was a 10 percent increase generally in early drawn bogs. But, he said there could be improvement made by the use oi fungicides and that while fertilizers generally decreased quality, the use of fungicides could ccunteract this. He said fertilizers in themselves do not directly cause tender fruit, but increase vine growth which does tend to more tender fruit. He pointed out that the more times a bog was flowed the more tendency there was towards tender berries, and particularly if the flood is held over for two or three days. He said slower operation of pick- ing machines would improve quality and also keeping the machines in first class shape was vital. He sug- FARMERS PRODUCTEON CREDIT ASSOCfATEON FEDERAL LAND BANK ASSOCIATION TAUNTON, MASS Box 7 Office Rt. 44 Raynham WARREN I ARNOLD Manager gested keeping ditches drier during the early growing season, mentioned that flash flooding for drought did not improve quality and said that in harvest berries should be kept pro- perly cool, and especially just after picking field heat should be removed by leaving berries outdoors and cov- ered for over night. A complete report of his talk will be printed next month. 'In former years the cranberry grower was an individualist," Gilbert T. Beaton, fresh fruit sales depart- ment. Ocean Spray said, "and he grew the best cranberries he could. He handled all the operations him- self, including screening and getting ready for market. He was real proud of what he produced." He told how when there were two major co-ops, one for fresh and one for processing, there were incentives offered for quality cranberries to the individual grower. He said today only 20 per- cent buy fresh fruit. He conceded it was difficult to provide quality incentive payment under present cooperative set-ups MIDDLEBOROUCH TRUST COMPANY MIDDLEBORO MASS Member of The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Now AGRICO^ GRANULAR the same extra crop-feeding efficiency plus ttiese advantages ^ AGRICO granular fertilizer drills easier . . . stays free-flowing without bridging . . . meets today's needs for fast, accurate drilling and spreading. % AGRICO granular will not cake in storage ... you can take early delivery, before the rush, and have your fertilizer on hand when you need it Call or Write Today ! ! The American Agricultural Chemical Company No. Weymouth 91, Mass. — EDgewater 5-2640 or Walter B. Moseley, P.O. Box 456, Marion, Mass SHARON BOX COMPANY, INC. ESTABLISHED 1S56 SHARON, MASSACHUSETTS We Will Buy Your White Pine Logs, Either Standing or Cut • Highest Prices Paid • Sawmill located at North Carver, Mass. Office Phones: Sharon, SU 4-2011 Carver. UN 6-2234 ■M 11 I I IIIIIIIW 1111 Hill If You Want A Good Flume At A Low Cost Use All Heart Redwood 60,000 Ft. on hand for Prompt Delivery 6x8 — 6x6 — 4x6 — 4x4 Planking - Square Edged or Matched 2x6 2x8 2x 10 2x 12 SEND FOR YOUR FREE FOLDER ON THE "DURABILITY OF REDWOOD" E. W. Goodhue Lumber Co., inc. MIDDLEBORO ROAD EAST FREETOWN, MASS Phones Rockwell 3-8811 — Middleboro 1275 Hold full flavor in your cranberry pack VjyCORN PRODUCTS COMPANY Manufacturers of fine products for the food industry . . . and popular Best Foods Division grocery brands for the consumer. but that this could be worked out and would have to be done. "The best : we are doing today is simply not , gcod enough, and that there must be better quaUty fruit for the fresh market and more for whole fruit sauce and for cranberry juice cock- tail." Going back to 1910, Stanley Benson, who was formerly with New England Cranberry Sales company for many years, and is now with Ocean Spray , xresh truit, told how even in that early date it was recognized that pjor quality fruit reduced the mar- Ket value of cranberries. He told now most growers then had their own screenhouses and the Sales Company had competent inspectors who saw the crops of each grower and graded them as to quality, the nighest quality pack receiving the Highest market price. Grade brands were then of great importance and each grower strove to get as much of his crop into the top quality brand as possible and for this he received a higher return. He added the grower iriea for quaUty all along the line m every one of his operations. In a carefully thought out talk, John C. Decas, of the independent Decas Bros., Wareham, said he was not making statements but would like to raise a number of questions as to the overall picture of surplus iruit and these questions might lead Lo some constructive tliinkmg and cnanges which might benefit all growers. "The 1962 crop amounted to ap- proximately 1,315,000 barrels. Of this 100,000 barrels was absorbed i by the school lunch program, 157,- Goj barrels was set-aside and mostly and aaout 90,000 barrels wasted away oeiore it could be marketed. All this ad&s up to 34,000 barrels of cranber- nes not sold through normal trade caannels. When ycu consider that the average barrel per acre throughout the country was 62.2 and by divid- mg this into the 347,000 barrels you come out with a figure of 5,578 which represents the number of acres it took to grow these berries, or roughly one-quar.er of all the acreage." (Continued on Page 11) Western Pickers Parts and Repairs Agent for 1963 Model ORDER NOW J. E. BRALEY & SCN MACHINE SHOP 78 Gibbs Ave Wareham, Mass, HAVE YOUR REPAIRS DONE NOW Mass. Cranberry Station and Field Notes by CHESTER E. CROSS Director Weather In the Cape Cod cranberry area, our weather can best be described as a long, brown winter. Upwards of two inches of snow fell on several occasions, only to disappear when the snowfall changed to heavy rains. Winter began early with November about 3° below normal. December, too, was 3° below normal, but January was only a fraction below the mean and hope revived that a moderating trend was developing. But February is now in the record •books at over 4° below normal. March to date (March 11) seems warmer hut is very near the thirty- year average. It is remarkable, therefore, that with such a cold winter we appear to have little or no wmterkill or oxy- gen deficiency to report. Ice has been with us steadily and more sanding has been done on it than the writer can remember in any previous win- ter. Most bogs are now drained of the winter flood and frost is rapidly leaving the ground. It is good for the cranberry vines to be exposed now, as previous writings this win- ter have explained. Amino-triazole On February 18, 1963, acting on the petition of the manufacturers of ami- no-triazole, the U.S. Department of Agriculture ordered that post-harvest use of amino-triazole on cranberries be deleted from the Summary of Registered Agricultural Pesticide Chemical Uses. Very recently, an ini-' proved analytical technique has shown that when amino-triazole is sprayed on Oregon cranberry vines after-harvest at 8 lbs. actual iper acre, a residue is found in the cran- berries of the next crop. It is prob- able that small residues could be found with the new analytical method if the former recommendation was used in Wisconsin or Massachusetts. All Use Forbidden Under this new ruling, no use of amino-triazole on cranberries is au- thorized. The chemical is still re- garded as a carcinogen by the U.S.- D.A. and by Food and Drug. Growers have not been using this weed^killer in recent years because of the rul- ings against its use by the selling agents. Now the Department of Agri- culture has ruled against even the TAKE ADVANTAGE of the BETTER things of life. The efficient USE OF ELECTRICITY is one of these better things — efficient use in power for cran- berry bog operations, and in the home. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM - CYpress 5-0200 PlYMOUTH Pilgrim 6-1300 AMES IRRIGATION SYSTEMS Plan now for longtime profitable bog returns with one initial investment in a metal pipe Ames ABC irrigation sys- tem. Ames irrigation pipe consists of a galvanized ball bell spring-looked coupler pressed into Alcoa Class 150 aluminum tubing. Ames irrigation pipe is long lasting. There is over fifty years of irrigation knowledge and service behind each Ames irrigation system. Now Ames has a hook steel coupler called "Utility" adaptable to most hook type systems. Let us quote you on your irrigation plans to include engine, pump, pipe, suction line, main line, lateral lines and sprinklers as a whole or as individual items. We stock all parts and give 24 hour service. THE CHARLES W. HARRIS CO 451 Old Somerset Ave. Northeast Distributor for W. R. North Dighton, Mass. Ames Co. of Florida Three. post-harvest use, and growers must avoid its use. Amitrol Finally, the name amino- triazole is changed to amitrole. If at some fu- ture time it can be proved that ami- trole is not a carcinogen, and if it can be regarded as one of those com- pounds safe enough to permit the establishment of a residue tolerance, we would then study it again and af- ter registration recommend it to cranberry growers. If this should happen, we would recommend it as amitrole. Thus ends the story of amino-triazole. New Herbicides Gradually, as a result of excellent work by DemoranviUe, newer and possibly safer herbicides are being registered for use. As soon as the necessary technical information is discovered and proved, and as soon as registration is granted, Demoran- viUe's findings will be published. All I can say now is that progress has been made and we will soon be in position to tell j'ou more of this work. READ CRANBERRIES MAGAZINE STODDARD SOLVENT (Available Year Round) WATER WHITE KEROSENE BOTTLED GAS Water Heating Cooking Carburetion UN 6-4545 R2»». Centra! Heating CARVER, MASS. C. & L. EQUIPMENT 191 LEONARD STREET ACUSHNET, MASS. Cranberry Bog Service PRUNING FERTILIZING RAKING WEED TRIMMING Machinery Sales PRUNERS POWER WHEELBARROWS RAKES WEED TRIMMERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS - Large & Small For Further Information Call . . . F. P. CRANDON n. C. LEONARD Rockwell 3-5526 Wyman 5-3521 C. J. TRIPP Wyman 5-2013 Briggs Speaks On Order Before Jersey Group Report Progress on State Bog — Officers Elected. The 93rd Annual Winter Meeting of the A.C.G.A. was held at the American Legion Hall at Pember- ton, New Jersey, on February 14th. Anthony Briggs, Manager of the Cranberry Marketing Committee, was the main speaker. He described the functioning of the marketing order committee as having been completely voluntary and without interference from the U.S.D.A. He gave the opinion that the market- ing order had achieved its purpose of stabilizing the market in the face of the second highest national pro- duction. Mr. Briggs stated that after a year's experience the market order is now in position to operate more smoothly in 1963. George Bird of Rutgers University gave a popular talk on nematodes which won the interest of gix)wers. He reported on a survey of New Jer- sey cranberry bogs which revealed 19 genera of nematodes. Five species were commonly found and pathoge- nicity tests revealed that they adver- sely affected cranberry growth as evidenced by decrease in weight of plants and length of runners. Con- trol tests are being conducted. Philip E. Marucci, of the Cran- berry and Blueberry Laboratory of Pemberton, presented data to show that New Jersey growers are losing 25 to 50% of the crop potential to cranberry tipworm. The development of resistance of Sparganothis fruit- worm to D.D.T. has also caused growers heavy losses. Data were presented to show that sevin and guthion give excellent control of the resistant fruitworms. Rot Control Allan Stretch of Rutgers discussed experiments in rot control in which zineb and maneb gave excellent con- trol. He also described a new virus- like condition on cranberries which closely resembled the necrotic-ring spot disease of blueberry. Paul Eck of Rutgers discussed ex- periments in cranberry fertilization (.Continued on Page 11) Font I issue of March 1963 — Vol. 27 No. ir Published monthly at Th^ Courier Pr:r.t Shop, Main St.. '.Vsrehsn:. Massachusetts. Subscriptions $3.50 Second Cass Poitage Paid at Wareham. Massachusetts Post Office. FRESH FROM THE FIELDS Compiled by C. J. H. MASSACHUSETTS Cold February Start February* began cold, with the third really severe dip of the year oocuring. Temperatures for the first five days totalled a minus 31 (Bos- ton). However, on the third, still another storm potential blew out to sea and the cranberry belt was again spared snow. •Ground Hog Day" Good Omen On the second, ■"GroundiKJg Day," the beast poked his head ou: of his hole he found the weather dark and stormy, did iwt see his shadow and so presumably stayed out. If he had gone in, according to the old say- ing, there would have been six weeks more of winter. Following a few days of cold the weather, turned warm, again, al- most springtime, up into the forties. Following the partem of this rather unusual winter the thermometer on the morning of the 8th dropped from 40's the day before to one below at the Cranberry- Station. Another ••Could Have Been Snow" The 11th and 12th, ending the 13, a heavy driving rain brought a precipitation, which if it had been snow would have given the cran- berry area about 18 inches of snow. CRANBERRY PICKING BOXES Shocks, or Nailed Let me repair your broken boxes — or repair them yourself. Stock Always on Hand F. H. COLE Tel. Union 6-3330 North Carver. Mass. Thi= -.va5 practically the anniversary or the Valentine Day storm of a year ago which brought ^bout a foot of snow, but once more the cran- berry belt escaped while other points of New England did not. Weather was very cold witii readings close to zero shortly after this with bitter winds. Month to tiie 17 was 71 d^rees colder than normal. Last year February brought a total of 20.9 inches of snow as recorded at State Bc^, and many days were snowy, rainy, foggy and generally dismal. There was CDnsiderable sun- shine this February, with brisk, and cold days, but relatively pleasant except for the dry cold. Another Escape On the 18th from the almost zero cold, temperature shot up to 49 at Boston, and 50 on the Cape. And cnce again on the night of the 19 a \-lclent storm came uo the coast T-r—jz zzz give SDm.e sno":^ to parts of the jranb-err.- area and torrential rains, the area escaped the heavy 5no"AS •.vlmch covered most of New Eingland. Still Another "Rie colder - than - normal weather continued, and on the night of the 24th there was a h^ sprinklii^ of siK>w over the cranberry area. De- parture from normal to that date was minus a big 90 degrees. Almost incredibly, Southeastern Massachu- setts again escaped a heavy snow when the storm went out to sea on the 26th. Almost Snowless ^lontfa February ended with a total precipitation of 3.61 inches as re- corded at State Bt^, witii the normal 3.67. Of this only 1^ inches was snow, whereas a year ago Feb- ruary the snow totalled about 20 :es. AGENT FOR WIGGINS AIRWAYS BOG SERVICE AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS HAND SPRAYERS - TOOLS - POWER EQUIPMENT AUTHORIZED BRIGGS AND STRATTON SERVICE CENTER R. F. MORSE & SON, INC. Cranberry Highway West Warehara, Mass. CY 5-1553 Krtf Month Bitterly Cold However, the temperatures were a different story, tnere being a total minus of 118 degrees. And that meant a really cold month. Winter As A Whole Not Bad For Bogs December was a very cold month, January was about normal and of course, February very cold, but Dr. Cross is of the opinion there has been no apparent or at most prob- ably no very considerable amount of injury of any kind. Although there were many single days of cold winds these were not too long in duration and Cross feels that there has been little or not much winterkill, and as there was not much snow and bogs remained frozen much of the time, many with vines frozen in, there was at the most only little or no oxygen deficiency. Much Ice Sanding The extended cold with frozen bogs gave the growers the chance to do a good deal of ice sanding and they took advantage of this and much more than usual was accomplished. Sprinkler System Interest There seems to be more interest in the installation of sprinkler irri- gation frost-protection system than in a number of years. Several grow- ers are considering plans for in- stallations, some of cioinsiderable acreage, using low gallonage nozzles and either portable metal piping or plastic tubing or a combination or both. March Snow Worst Of Year March came in like the proverbial lion with the worst snow storm of the year for the Cape area. It was hy no means a blizzard, but it left two or three inches of snow, and elsewhere in New England caused a million in storm damage and cost two lives. March has the reputation of being a bad tricky month for snow. First few days were well be- low normal in temperature. WISCONSIN Half Ot Feb. Below Zero February was a shorter rerun o: January, with cold weather and little snow. The high of 42 was recorded in extreme southern Wisconsin on the 6th and minus 30 degrees in the north on the 21st. Most of the cran- berry areas had one half or 14 days of the month recording below zero days. Many areas in the southern part of the state established new record low temperatures. Precipitation Low Precipitation was very light, fall- ing as snow or rain on the weekend of the 16th and the remainder of the time as snow flurries. The only part cf the state to receive an appreci- able amount of precipitation was the north, on the 18th and 19th from 2 to 5 inches fell. Sunny, although cold weather melted the snow in the south, but depths increased in the north at months end. Depths ranged from a trace in the south to 16 inches in the far north. Average temperatures for the month were about 7 degrees be- low normal and precipitation only totaled about one third of normal or a total of about 6.5 inches of snow. The outlook for March calls for temperatures to continue below nor- mal with above normal precipitation. Frost Up To 6 Feet With continued very cold weather Touraine Painfs Hardware SANDVIK SCYTHES (ALSO CALLED FINNISH SCYTHES) CARVER SUPPLY CO. UNiON 6-4480 Carver, Mass. and light snowfall, frost depths in- creased several inches during the month. Deepest penetrations were in the far northwest areas where as much as six feet of frost was report- ed. For the most part frost depths averaged about 25 inches over the state. Last year frost penetration was less due to the heavy snows at this time. Frost depths are expected to be deeper than normal in the cranberry beds this year comparing to those of two winters ago. Much More Sanding Weather was ideal for sanding and most cf the marshes completed their sanding operations for the year, dur- ing February. From all reports more sanding was done this past winter than for a number of years. NEW JERSEY Very Cold Winter February was another severely cold month as the temperature aver- aged 28.3°F., which is 6.4°F. colder than normal. This marked the 10th consecutive month and the 14th out of the last 15 months during which the temperature has averaged colder than normal. Although this has been one of the coldest winters in the 34 year weather recording history at Pemberton, extremely low tempera- tures have not been too frequent. It has been below zero only once on January 25th when it was 2 below. Snowfall Light Snowfall has also been Ught this winter and when it has occurred it has been closely followed by rain. In Februaiy there was only one inch of snow and a precipitation of 2.53 inches, which is .24 inches below normal. No Oxygen Deficiency The 8 days of light rainfall which occurred in February kept the water on cranberry bogs well oxygenated. Tests made at the Cranberry and Blueberry Laboratory revealed that water sampled from representative bogs during the most critical periods were well above 4 c.c. per liter. As of March 6 the water on most New Jersey bogs was more than 75% open. Little Blueberry Damage While damage has been reported to peach fruit buds and to strawberry (Continued on Page 20) Six Young Mass. Grower Firm Advocate of Good Government & Politics He is "Dick" Heleen, Ocean Spray Director and Select- man of his Town — Has been concerned with such matters since School — Is son of former much-respected bog fore- man, Walter Heleen. by Clarence J. Hall A sincere young mian, interested in "good government" and "good poli- tics," in the cranlberry industry and in general in public office affairs is Richard (Dick) A. Heleen, who is now serving as a director of Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. He was first elected in 1961. He is also currently clerk of the important marketing committee of the co-op. He also is a selectman in the sizeable town of Middleboro. In all his positions he is attempting to apply the principals of "good government" in which he so strongly believes. He has been interested in these matters ever since his school days. He says he wouldn't call these matters exactly his "hobby," they are two serious to be hobbies. But he doesn't hunt and he doesn't fish in his spare time as do many cranberry growers, but studies and thinks of politics. He feels he doesn't need to get out in the open with a hobby as he gets plenty of fresh air working on the cranberry bogs he owns. Of A Cranberry Family mwch in what he calls "the business "Dick" comes of a cranberry of growing cranberries." Ocean gK)wing family. He is the son of Walter Heleen, grower and former long term foreman for the A. D. Makepeace Company of Wareham. He has a brother, Arthur, who has a seven acre bog in Freetown, Mass. a brother Eddie, who is a well known foreman for the United Cape Cod Cranberry Company and an- other brother, Biljo, who workes fior Robert St. Jacaues at Hayden Separator Company of Wareham. He has been interested in cran- berries "since he was a kid," when he worked for his father on the bogs. So it is only natural he go into cranberries. "Dick" was re-elected to his se- cond three-year term in January. Last fall he was an unsuccessful candidate for Plymouth County Com- missioner but finished well uip in a very large field. He made two at- tempts at Selectman before he was elected when he defeated a strong incumibent by 1600 votes. While con- tinuing cranberry growing he hopes some day to serve his state of Mass- achusetts by being a member of the House of Representatives, and that is an objective towards which he is working. He speaks upon political matters on many occasions. As well as being Selectman he is chairman of the Middleboro Repub- lican Town Committee and is on the executive committee of the Plymouth County Republican Club. To start in being director of Ocean Spray he felt he should at first learn all he oould. He is interested very Spray is now beg business, "how big you have no idea until you really are a director and grasp the size of the job." Owns Two Bogs He is the owner of two cranberry bogs. One is off Beach Street in Middleboro where it dips deeply and at its most southerly point into the cranberry-growing town of Carver. It is in a section which used to be known as "Bull Jump." This is a bog of 10 acres. It was formerly owned by his father and is near where the latter makes his home in "Bull Jump." His father still owns two acres of bog his own at this family homestead. It was formerly a bog of 14 acres but the elder Mr. Heleen sold off four acres, leaving one large piece containing the ten acres. It was a former Maple swamp. There are four acres of Early Blacks, five of Late Howes and an acre of McFarlins. It is flowed from Weweantic River by a 20-inch Bailey pump and the water is returned to the river by gravity. This is a moderately warm bog in frost sea- sons, not one of the coldest, yet not one of the warmest either. It was bought by Walter Heleen in 1922 from Austin and Nye. The other bog is at Stipatuet Pond in the town of Rochester. This was a former Cedar swamp and con- tains 12 acres. Seven are in Early Blacks and five in Late Howes. It is flowed from the pond by a 20-inch Bailey pump and there is a 7-inch St. Jacques electric motor.pump for drainage purposes. Young Heleen does his own frost work. This later bog is rather a warm one being surrounded on two sides by Snipatuet Pond. 85-90 Bbl. Average The top crop of the two bogs, in- cluding the little two- acre bog of Mr. Heleen, Sr., has been approxi- mately 2600 barrels. Average pro- duction is 85 to 90 barrels an acre which makes these properties above the average bogs of Massachusetts in yield. The little bog still retained by Walter Heleen was built by Mr. Heleen and has an acre and three quarters of Howes and a quarter acre of Blacks. This is an entirely dry bog without frost protection and which Heleen says is a "more or less hit or miss," matter is lose of crop from frosts. It does have winter flowage. Walter Heleen Mr. Heleen, Sr., was bom in Fin- land and came to this country when he was 16. He had a brother living in West Wareham and he had a father here, who did not find things to his liking and returned to Fin- land. Walter went into the employ of the Makepeace Company. He started in making cranberry scoops, work- ing with the late Walter Bumpus of Wareham. Later it became his as- signment to sweep the Makepeace bogs. In 1916 he took charge of all the Makepeace bogs from Carver to the Cape, some 1600 acres, making the tests for insects and when he found, had charge of the spraying program. He became known as one of the better bog foremen of Mass- achusetts. He continued working for the Malkepeaqe interests for 30 years. He retired from really active cranberry work in 1958 because of ill health, suffering from a heart condition and arthritis. It was in that year that he sold out his bogs to Richard, when he became hospitalized. Richard has operated them since. "Dick" Heleen Richard was bom in Middleboro September 30, 1929. He attended schools in Middleboro and is a Elder, Walter Deleen, respected, long-time bog foreman and grower with his son "Dick," (CRANBERRIES Photo) Eigh* graduate of Middleboro High School. It was while in school that he began his interest in government and poli- tics. He was married to the former Catherine Fomaciari of Middleboro, in 1955. The couple has one child, Mary Louise, 4. Richard has his own intensive ideas of good bog management. He believes in automation as much as possible, but finds automation expensive. He beheves in running his bogs as dry as possible. He says he tries to sand regularly. The use of picking machines has ex- tended the sanding period, but he feels that all the bogs should re- cieve sand at least once in every four or five years. He is a believer in fertilization and applies the material to all his pro- perties every spring and fall. He tries to carry out an insecticide program in a series. That is he puts on materials starting about May 30 every ten days or so, weather permitting. He sprays about five times every year, sometimes as many as six. Spraying is from the air, the Ben Atwood service of Hanson. He has the use of two Darlington pickers, one owned by his brother Arthur. Richard and Arthur do the harvesting themselves with the as- sistance of two helpers to carry off the filled boxes. Otherwise for equip- ment there are a couple of trucks, a St. Jacques weed clipper, mowers and the usual accessories that a re- latively small grower requires. Interested In "Wet Raking'^ "Dick" is interested in the possi- bihties of wet raking for Massachu- setts bogs, but believes it would be an expensive proposition and one difficult to apply on a large scale in this state because the bogs were not constructed for wet harvesting. How- ever, he says that if 20 per cent more berries can be obtained there are definent possibilities which should be investigated. It would be possi- ble to put in many more hours a day raking when the vines are wet, and this could cut down the harvest season greatly. It would be possible to let the berr'es stay on the vines until fully matured. Heleen is not satisfied with the price growers are receiving for then- berries. He believes it should be higher. "Every grower should be able to get enough returns to make a decent living, pay his bills • and keep his bogs up to standard, some- thing which is not possible to do at present. Some big growers with their valume can get along with a smaller margin of profit, but many smaller growers cannot. ''Don't ask me what cranberries should bring — I don't know. But it should be more than we are getting now." Heleen has tackled his new respon- sibilities as a director of Ocean Spray with a modest outlook. He listens and learns and attempts to apply for his part his concept of good government and sound pohtics in the operation of that big coopera- tive. SUBSCRIBE TO CRANBERRIES Th^ neat kept Eeleen Bog in Cirvti (CR^XBERRILl) Photo) Jfwe What Has The Marketing Order Accomplished? by Vernon Goldsworthy (Editor's Note: The following con- tribution was sent in by Vernon Goldsworthy of Eagle River, Wis- consin, president of Cranberry Pro- ducts, Inc., a handler also of fresh fruit and a large grower in his own right who has been prominent in the industry for many years.) Reduced the pacib of cranberry sauce in 1962 to below that of 1961 and so hurts growers returns. Substantially increase the use of fertilizer in all growing areas so as to increase the crop, and thus take care of the set-aside, but re- duce the quality of all cranberries. Growers, at least in Wisconsin, planning accelerated rate of new acreage to increase their tonnage to take care of set- aside, so grow- ers will still produce more cran- berries under a Marketing Order. Place a premium on pies and se- conds while good berries are dump- ed. Dumped berries must be U.S.D.A. Grade no. 1 and pies and seconds will not qualify to be dumped. Reduice growers returns who mar- ket independently by around 12 % , as many of them are beginning to realize. Developed lack of interest by sales agencies in pushing cranberries as management salaries are the same as a general rule, whether nart of the crop is dumped or not. Too easy to say we can only sell part of the crop and must increase dumping program. Destrov incentive for grower to produce good quality of fresh fruit — look at the increase in beaters for example which increases pro- duction per acre, but gives only fruit that can be canned. Growers have no interest exceot to rush his berries t-i the processor at the time of harvest and no interest in the fresh fruit market that this year used 4.50,000 barrels of cranberries. Price is the same for canning berries as good fruit and grower saves shrink- age. Destroyed market for new uses of cranberries as in the case of Cran- berry Products, Inc., enough fruit of fresh fruit quality was not available to us at the time we needed it as sales agencies were sold out. Subsidize one growing area against the order aa economically cran- berries ought to be produced where they can be raised the cheapest. Adds marketing committee costs of $50,000.00 to cranberry growers operating costs yearly without any benefits to the grower, unless a lot of red tape is an asset. Cost growers around $500,000 to $1,000,000 for cranberries, harvested, sorted and graded before dumping. Certainly the cranberry industry ought to be smart enough to save this by not harvesting part of the crop and not throw away this money but rather put it in the growers poc- ket. In addition if this were done most of the $50,000 marketing com- mittee cost would also be saved. The unharvested portion could be deter- mined by a committee of growers, for a nominal fee, in each state, but growers as a general rule seem to have little regard for saving money. TMter To The Editor Mr. Clarence J. Hall, Editor Cranberries Magazine Wareham, Mass. Dear Mr. Hall: In your Editorial in the January issue, you wrote "As to more promo- tion on the part of independents — we do not think they can be .iustlv criticised for this. Their individual resources are simplv not sufficient for any massive effort." While, your last sentence is with- out much doubt correct, there is a way that the so called "indepen- dent," either a packer and distri- butor, or maybe a canner, could contribute, on what you call "promo- tion." While the independent miffht argue otherwise, I doubt very much if anv are doing a true "promotion" .iob. I realise, that one facet of their func- tion, comes under the general head- ing of selling. However, it is in the area of service-selling, not creative or fundemental, in creating a de- mand for a food product; and that is where the vital and necessary job must be done. And in my opinion at the grass roots level, of direct to the American House Wife. 1 doubt if many would argue other that this is not being done at the present time by anyone, except Ocean Spray. Obviously they are primarily interested in selling their brand name, but along with that circumstances are such, that they also undertake the more basic "promotion" job. Obviously no independent will throw money into the F>ot to sell a competitive brand, as it is just too much to expect of human nature, even though long haul, it could re- sult in benefit. However, an overall industry and product job, not on a brand basis, but on a "Cranberry Product" bas- is, could be undertaken through the Cranberry Institute, with Ocean Spray standing their share of costs, and independents also standing their share on a proportionate tonnage basis. While individual resources may not be large enough for separ- ate promotion, the aggregate could be large enough to do a reasonable, and I would believe a constructive, and beneficial job overall. I would not doubt that others have had the same thoughts, and consider- ation has been given already, with a negative answer. I grant, there would be problems and may be. some rather deep seated predujices to be overcome, and I also grant that it would take an individual with quite some patience, under- standing, and overall acceptance, to pet agreement on such a program. As of today I believe certain things have to be accepted on a realistic basis: (1) The primary job, is now and always has been, basically, a sales job, involving many facets. You certainly have to have plant facili- ties, adequate financing, and many other things to back up, but all these are relatively easy to handle, as- suming that the sales job is done. If not done, and history shows not done, everything else is a waste of time, and just throwing money away. (2) The present set-up with Ocean Spray runinihg the show, basis, their 80-85% of tonnage, with a scattering of independents and small co-ops around does exist, whether you believe it right or wrong or could be better. I do not believe it is the best set-up, but doubt very much if it can be changed now. Also arguments now about how and why it came about are all academic, and all the personality clashes and deep-seated background resent- ments and gripes are also just plain non-constructive, and also a waste of time. Hence an over-all industry pro- duct sales job is needed, on a com- plete and massive and continuing basis. At present independents are getting a free ride and the reasons are many, and steeped in back- Ten 'm ground, and personalities. So, get everyone on the same team and ] making an equal contribution of basic resources, a primary job has ' to be done through the Cranberry Institute, as there is just no other place that it can be done, assuming that 100% industry contribution is desirable. Sincerely, ^ Berton Benjamin, Trustee, Est. of W. W. Benjamin BETTER QUALITY (Continued from Page 2) He then went on to say, assuming next year's crop will be about the same, it is again safe to assume that there will be the same number of berries grown from which there will be no return. He said it is re- ported from reliable sources that the average cost per acre to raise a crop of cranberries is roughly $450. "To be conservative call this $400, on 5500 "wasted" acres as I call them. This results in a cost of about $2,200,000 which represents a potential cost to the grower for the 1963 crop from which he will not realize a return. Add to this $50,000 for the Marketing Order assessment, $25,000 for government ' inspection, plus all the cost of stor- age, trucking and labor of dispos- ing of these berries and you soon realize it is costly indeed to deal with these berries. "It is, I submit a grotesque predi- ' cament when the growers must soend ux> to $2,350,000 on berry pro- ducing acreag-e which represents no return to the grower and at the same time puts the handlers in a position of weakness in dealing with the marketable portion of the crop, iwhy indulee in the extravagance of ; growing berries at an outstanding •expense that we know we cannot sell?" He then asked if ttie purported : gains under the marketing order would not have been meaningless without the 100,000 barrels school lunch program, and there is no guarantee that there will be an- other next year or the year after that. I "Doesn't it make sense to say that the industry could deal with the surtolus problem by: fl) making it I unprofitable to grow poor quality berries and (2) develop a method of taking out of production a certain amount of a acreage, say 2,500 acres for a starter. Wouldn't this result in less costly operations, more orderly marketing conditions and a i' better return to the grower who at the same time is growing berries in a less costly manner?" - Mr. Decas then questioned just ' what may properly be termed as ' urplus" berries. "Three basic questions come to mind, (1) should berries that are not capable of holding up within a reasonable period of time be considered sur- plus, (2) should berries that can be sold at a rate representing a profit- able return to the grower and not done so be considered surplus?" He then went into the industry's "credit" system, that is, "are any growers or at least some growers getting more barrel credit than perhaps they deserve? I do not know that this is true, but I do believe that a long hard look into the mechanics of this procedure is vitally necessary. "This year, for example, if the 90,000 barrel shrinkage (presumably meaning Ocean Spray) was eli- minated on paper back in Septem- ber and the trade was made aware of it undoubtedly the effect would have been a profitable one. The Independent segment of the indus- try works on this principal and if Ocean Spray could find a way of doing the same it would certainly benefit all concerned. The Inde- pendents do this in order that grow- ers receive barrel credit with re- pect to the quality of their berries and the ability of these berries to hold up. Here, again, I believe that Ocean Spray for the benefit of all the industry must attempt some- thing of a similiar nature." He said, however, that he would be the last to say that the Independent seg- ment of the industry has not made or is not making mistakes, too. He then discussed five kinds of shrinkage, the "normal" shrink; "abnormal" shrink caused by un- avoidable growing conditions or by avoidable growing practices, "phon- ey" shrinkage caused by unneces- sary factors such as berries not sold that could have been sold, mis- management shrinkage, caused by uncoordinated merchanding practi- ces or by a mis-managed set aside program, and dead-end shrinkage, which he called the shrinkage of terries rotted away because they could not be sold within a reasonable time. In conclusion he called on all handlers to consider these steps: to alter their system so that it is less profitable to grow poor quality, to rut forward a plan for taking out of 'production "wasted" acres, to strive for a greater diversification of mar- kei^ing procedures, to conduct com- rlete investigation of barrel credit, to stabilize the market by not cre- diting each grower's shrinkage when determining his barrel credit. "Wq know how to raise better ougli'^v cranberries but we don't — we know how to accumulate more berries than we need and are doing so." he said in conclusion. Final panelist was Prof. Brad- ford Grossman of U Mass., econo- mist. He said the situation was not as bad iperhaps as growers though it was. He said in 1909 cranberry con- sumption was 7/10 of a poimd per capita, and while fresh fruit sales had fallen off to 3/10, total con- sumption of all cranberry products today is 10.1 pounds per capita, or an overall gain. He said the industry had remained "amazingly" strong. He pointec" to loss of tobacco con- sumption and that industry had suf- fered a national scare similiar to that of cranberries in 1959 and had not bounced back nearly as well. He said the cranberry industry is spend- ing an extremely large amount in advertising its products in compari- son with some other fruit products. He pointed out that fresh orange consumption is not what it was, but that processed is going up. Concluding he took issue with the theory that better quality would sell more cranberries and bring the growers higher returns. He said that in his studies of many market prob- lems there was nothing to indicate that this would come about. How- ever, he admitted better quality would help hold the cranberry market and present returns. (Editor's Note: It has been pointed out, since the meeting, in reference to the talk by Mr. Decas, that the approximately 100,000 barrels were sold in the 1962 program and brought returns comparable to fresh frmt prices.) BRIGGS SPEAKS (Cbntinued from Page 4) which were designed to give preli- minary information on the response of the cranberry to nutrient ele- ments. Results show that phosphorus may be the most important single element which may immediately in- fluence cranberry production and fruit characteristics. "Ed" Lipman Edward V. Lipman gave a report on the Annual New Jersey State Agricultural Convention. He spoke of efforts of the farm group to re- lieve farm taxes by sponsoring a state sales tax. However, upon the urging of Governor Hughes, the Con- vention reconsidered this and voted on withholding recommendation for the 3% sales tax until Governor Hughes's Turnpike bond issue could be studied and more fully evaluated. Lipman also described the attention that the Convention gave to the farm labor situation. He pointed lOut that Governor Hughes is forming a State Migrant Labor Committee and the need for good representation of cranberry and blueberry growers on this Coanmittee. He stated that he was proposing the name of our pre- sent President, Stephen Lee, to be appointed on this Committee. It was subsequently moved and seconded and unimously carried that the Secre- tary be instructed to write to the various farm groups, fostering the candidacy of Stephen Lee (this sub- sequently was done, with the result that the New Jersey Farm Bureau has recommended Mr. Lee's appoint- ment to the Governor). Stephen Lee and Eddie Budd also represented the Cranberry Growers' Association at this Convention. New State Bog Bill Haines, Chairman of the Grow- ers' Committee on the State Experi- mental Bogs, reported excellent pro- gress on the development of this re- search site. An eight-acre blueberry tract has been cleared, ditched, plow- ed and disced and will be ready for planting this spring. The cranberry area has been cleared and perimeter dams have been constructed. Election Election of officers resulted in the following new slate: C. E. Budd; Mount Holly, President; John W. Haines, Medford Lakes, First Vice President; Clinton Macauley, Tucke^ ton, Second Vice President; Philip E. Marucci, Pemberton, Secretary; Paul Eck, New Brunswick, Treas- urer. The members enjoyed the very good buffet luncheon put up by the American Legion Women's Auxiliary. The success of this meeting in pleasant surroundings can be attri- buted largely to the efforts of Wal- ter Fort, Program Chairman. Marketing Committee Votes Set-Aside Use Cranberry Marketing Order com- mittee has voted that cranberries may be taken from the set-aside pool to be used in overseas processing, Committee Manager Tony Briggs as- serts. Members of the seven-man committee voted to mail on this issue which has been in controver- sary, and was an issue at the most recent meeting of the committee The approval, however, is withi; limitations. These are that the berries may b- used only for freeze-dried, dehy drated and irridation purposes, fo. foreign markets and is subject ti the approval of Foreign Agricultura Service of the USDA. The order doe: not include canning. The project L also contingent upon allocation a Federal funds. The processing couia oe done ir either thia country, or probably abroad with cranberries in this con- densed form shipping costs ar«^ greatly reduced and there is no tax for sugar content as in manufactiirec sauce. The project was instigated b: Cranberry Institute, and now wil, be under its management. There art understood to still be enough frest fruit available from the 1962 croj so some of these berries could b< used in the near future. The Institute is especially inter-i ested in the dehydrated angle, ant sees much possiblity in this. i^ READ CRANBERRIES CARLSON MFC. CO. K'NCSTON, MASS. TEL. JU 5-2409 PRICE: January-June $349.00 - Jure-^December $399.00 1500 lb. Capacity • 30 Picking Boxes Platform Area: 48 x 78 inches. 35 Picking Bags Engine — 3 h.p. Briggs & Stratton witih Reduction Unit. Tires — 800-6-1000 lbs. capacity each tire. 8 inches wide - 18 inches diameter. Frame — 2%" square tubing Vs" wall thickness. Axles — 1" round cold roll. Tiller — operated tricycle arrangement for ease of reversing and to minimize scuffing. This imit has been used for 3 yrs. on our bogs. Ideal for wheeling off berries, cleaning inside ditches, carry- ing fertilizer and sanding. We carry IVa yds. per load which is double our rated capacity. Twelve The SUCCESS of Your Operation Depends on EFFICIENCY For Grub Control and for your Fertilizer Requirements Use The Quality Tested DIELDRIN-FERTILIZER COMBINATION Formulated by INTERNATIONAL MINERALS and CHEMICAL CORPORATION Distributed by R. F. MORSE & SON Inc. CRANBERRY HIGHWAY West Wareham, Massachusetts CY 5-1553 Thirteen Cranberry Institute Report On Foreign Market Development In 1962 — Plans for 1963 Believes May Be Great Po- tential in Overseas Develop- ment, for Dehydated Cran- berries, Among Other Uses. An informative summary of activi- ties of the foreign market develoop- ment for cranberries (Foreign Agri- cultal Service Project No. 50901) for the period ending December 31, 1%2 has been issued by the Cranberry Institute. This tells of a plan whereoy U.S. fresh cranberry shippers could deal directly with a single English im- porting firm, J. O. Sims & Com- pany, Ltd. of London was set up. A London advertising film, C. Street & Company, Ltd. was selected to carry out, under Institute direction, activities in public relations, market research, test market operations, in store demonstrations and other means. First shipment of U. S. fresh cran- 'berries arrived in London in the middle of October and with this be- g'an the chain of test activities and promotion. Also the sale of cran- berry products was promoted at the U. S. Department of Agriculture "test-selling" exhibits at Britain's Food Fair, London, and at the U. S. Food Exhibit in Brussels, Belgium. Sizeable shioments of canned cran- berry s3rce were made to England duriup- December in order to have continuity of product available after the fresh fruit season ended. Plans have been developed, dis- cussions held with FAS officials and requests have been submitted re- garding the extension of promotion efforts in the United Kingdom on canned cranberry products with particular emphasis directed to the Easter holiday market, (now the third largest in the U. S. There are other untapped markets abroad which can be given an im- petus and requests have been made to FAS for a program similiar to that in the U.K. for Belgium, the Netherlands and West Germany. The U. S. poultry industry has made a fine record of sales of U. S. poultry to these countries and, of course, cranberries are recognized! as a natural tie-in product. Great Market Potential The Institute believes, President Orrin G. Colley says in the report that there is a great market poten- tial which can be developed for cranberries in dehydrated! form.' Products in this form may be trans- ported and stored at considerable less cost. The product is also non- perishable. Such a product does not include sugar which otherwise gives rise to import problems! and in- creases import fees. It is a product which lends itself to further pro- cessing and manufacture in foreign countries and thereby takes on all the attributes of a raw material. To encourage market development in this form will require additional re- search and extensive introductory activities. However, the feasibility of dehydrating and suitability of the end product has already been proven and established. The Institute during the past year has attempted to keep the cranberry grower and handler as fully in- formed as possible on what the ob- jective are, and J. W. Stewart direc- tor of Fruits and Vegetables, FAS and Joseph O. Parker, attorney for the Institute attended three meet- ings of grower organizat:ors. Also Institute directors voted to arrange for Cranberries Magazine tj be sent to every known grower as it contains material on foreign market and ot^er u'^-'o-'^^':e ^^^''n^-- mation on cranberry industry mat- ters. U. K. Activities The report also refers to such activities in Great Britain as a press reception and cranberry "tasting" party; the showing of the "Heritage of Flavor" at the National Film theatre, a cranberry kitchen (set up on paper), and to editorial response in newspapers and it ex- pects wider press coverage can be given in monthly publications to- wards the end of 1963 which was not possible in 1962 due to early edi- tion dates. Radio and TV were also utilized in Great Britain. There were demonstrations at exhibitions and at stores, including the famous Sel- f ridges in London; cranberries were included in daily demonstrations at luncheons by the canned foods and Advisory Bureau. Cities besides Lon- don included, Leeds, Manchester, Leicester, Bristol, Glasgow and Edin- burgh in Scotland and Plymouth, England. Planning is to begin short- ly on a national survey operation on sauce and fruit consumption. It was found there was consumer buying resistance to a one-pound container and to a three shilling price. Preference seemed indicated for a 6 ounce cello bag, and it was held that as this was not available at the start of the season this held down sales, but the 1-lb window box will be concentrated upon for ship- ping, and repackaging into the 6- ounce bag. Fresh Shipments Experience has now taught that the early blacks must be carried in refrigeration during late September and early October at around 38 degrees, while the late Howes carry- well in ventilated storage. However, the rate for refrigerated storage is almost double the rate for ventilated storage for cranberries which is not considered reasonable as all other fruit carried across the Atlan- tic was only about 28 percent more than for ventilated storage. Institute also believes that shipping out of Boston should be less costly than out of New York. Loose Berries Last year loose berries were soM to orocessors, hotels, restau- rants and caterers and the Institute feels certain that next season this field can be greatly extended. Also this year an effort will be made to obtain space for store demonstra- tions earlier in the year before they are all booked up ahead, booking to start perhaps not later than June or July. Appeals For Institute Support In commenting on the Institute, Behrend G. Pannkuk, president of Indian Trail and of Wisconsin State Cranberry Growers' Association and an Institute director says: "I have always felt, that through the Insti- tute we put up a united front, and were able to collect the indemnity (Continued on Page 16) J Here^s why we recommend ORTHO UNIPEL HIGH-ANALYSIS FERTIUZERS You have no doubt heard of the NEW fertilizer that was available for cran- berry growers this past year. This NEW fertilizer (ORTHO UNIPELS) was introduced early in the spring on an experimental basis. Before the year was over it had become the standard for the cranberry area. We have found the physical properties of this NEW fertilizer to be perfect. Have you talked with those who used it? The chemical properties (NITRIC PHOSPHATES) of ORTHO UNIPELS appear to be the best answer to date for the complex problem of fertilizing cranberries. Further refinement of the UNIPEL process has made it possible to create two new analyses — both ideally suited to your needs; 16-16-16 and 13-34- 10. The latter promises to become very important because of your need for quantities of available phosphorus. These new materials will be available at: R. F. MORSE & SONS, INC. Cranberry Highway West Wareham, Mass. CYpress 5-1553 T M. Reg. U.S. Pat. Off: Ortho. „ „ *Unipel, California Chemical Company Trade Mark For Fertilizer Complex Pellet and Proprietary Name For Proce'ss. INSTITUTE (Continued from Page 14) payment. No one connected with thd cranberry industry should lose sight of this fact. "I hope we never have another "Black Monday," or any dark days in our industry. Keep the Cran- berry Institute healthy and work- ing for you as a grower. "I make an appeal to all cran- berry growers to support the Insti- tute for a better working relation- ship within the industry; let us all forget our petty personal grievances, and build for the future." Vinton N. Thompson The New Jersey cranberry indus- try was shocked to learn of the death of Vinton N. Thompson, prominent cranberry grower and director of Division of Markets, New Jersey De- partment of Agriculture, March 9. He was 40 and death followed an ill- ness of several weeks. Thompson was farm manager and partner of the Birches Cranberry Compainy, Vincentown. Long promi- nent in Jersey cranberry matters he was also a member of the N.J. Water Policy and Supply Council of the State Department of Conservation and Economic Development. He held other official positions and was a veteran of World War II, with the rank of lieutenant colonel in the Army Reserves. He leaves a wife and one son and two daughters. Commenting on his death, New Jersey Secretary of Agriculture stated, "Vinton Thompson was re- cognized in the New Jersey farm and food trade circles as one of the most promising of the younger agri- cultural leaders." WANTED TO BUY Common and Preferred Stock of OCEAN SPRAY CRANBERRIES Inc. F. Nelson Blount, 383 Water St. Warren, R.I. Buck Leverton o(f WSAU, Frank KoUer and Bert Leasure, pictured at Manotowish Waters. Frank Roller Gets Outstanding Farmer Award A certificate as the outstanding farmer of the week has been award- ed to Frank Koller of the Leasure- KoUer Cranberry Company of Mani- towish Waters, Wisconsin. The award was by Station WSA, "Farm Hour," presented under the direction of Buck Leverton. In this award Station WSA selects the outstanding farmer to further the interests in agriculture. Frank Koller is the partner of Bert J. Leasure in the 50-acre marsh in northern Wisconsin. The marsh was started 16 years ago, together with six other growers in this most recent cf Wisconsin cranberry areas. Sta- tion WSA it is pointed out is to be congratulated on the time and effort spent under the director of Mr. Leverton in photographing the grow- ing and harvesting of cranberries at a time when the publicity would most help the growers. For 1%3, Frank has a rather big program ahead of him, he plans to build a "Brooklyn Bridge" type of cranberry equipment, another which i is essentially a grass clipper, the original at the Guy Potter Marsh being a boom 168 feet wide, 5 feet wide and 8 feet high, riding picker for harvesting in boats and a sprinkler system to cover 24 acres. Olsson Named Chairman National Policy Committee George C. P. Olsson of Plymouth, Mass, has been appointed chairman of the 1963 Policy Committee for Marketing and Foreign Trade of the National Council of Farmer Cooper- atives. The appointment was made by Council President Marvin H. Walker who is also president of the Florida Citrus Canners Cooperative in Lake Wales, Florida. Mr. Olsson is president of Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. and has been active in the National Council of Farmer Cooperatives for several years. Big Ocean Spray Eastern Promotion Ocean Spray's big Easter sales campaign offers a consumer saving in the "cluster Pack" (two one- pound cans of cranberry sauce, jel- lied or whole berry) with a coupon good for 20 cents toward the next two cans, with the retailer receiving 2 cents per coupon for handling. The promotion for this the third largest sales period of the year is backed by newspaper and magazine advertising. Ocean Spray and American Sugar are combining forces to put the cran- berry glazed ham in full-page full color of leading April magazine is- sues. "PRENTICE" Loader operating on Cranberry Lake Development Co. Marsh, Phillips, Wisconsin, EFFICIENCY In Every Part of Your Cranberry Operations Means Sav- ings in the Cost of Producing a Barrel of Cranberries for Market A "PRENTICE" Loader is speedy and efficient in getting your berries from the marsh and onto the truck in water harvesting. Loader shown is our Model FOBC-RM. The hydraulically operated dump- ing arrangement allows speedy handling of the boats and eliminates tedious hand operations. Satisfied Users Of The 'Trentice" Know This. We have a complete line of Hydraulically operated loading equipment, or we can design your special material handling equipment. Consult us for further information. PRENTICE HYDRAULICS, Inc. Prentice, Wisconsin Phone 7, Phone 8 Manufacturers of PRENTICE Hydraulic Loaders Chloro IPC, a time-tested herbicide made by the Chemical Di\-ision of Pittsburgh Plate Glass Com- pany, can now be used on dormant cranberries. This is good news to growers who need an econom- ical way to control annual grasses (bent grass, an- nual blue grass, turke>-foot grass) as well as such weeds as rushes, horsetail, velvet grass, loosestrife, tearthumb and certain others. Chloro IPC is ap- plied while the plants are dormant. It is completely dissipated before the fruit e\-er appears, so there's no residue problem. Chloro IPC is among the least toxic of all commercial herbicides. Thorough field testing of Chloro IPC on cran- berry bogs in Massachusetts. \Visconsin and Wash- ington has de\'eloped local experience and recom- mendations suited to each area. PPG Chloro IPC is easy to apply in the form of 20;"^ granules, 100 lb. to the acre during November or December after hardest. A repeat application in early spring before cranberry- growth begins will give further control of annual weeds. Ask your experiment station per- sonnel at the state university for local recommenda- tions on use of PPG Chloro IPC. \Vrite for more details and your local distributor's name to: Pitts- burgh Plate Glass Company, Chemical Division, One Gateway Center, Pittsburgh 22, Pa. chemicals fidit^sja-l^ ISSUE OF MARCH 1963 VOL 27 - NO. 11 c^^ FROM THINKING COMES REAL PROGRESS What Price Progress? We have to have progress, industry growth and the growth of the world population male- this neces- sary, but we pay a price for it. Consider the meetings of the Massachusetts Cran- berry Clubs, the thesis of these meetings being there must be greater quality in fresh fruit cranberries, more quality berries for whole cranberry sauce pack and for the ever-growing cranberry cocktail demand. "We must have more quality in our cran- berries, or our industry will fold." That was what Dr. Cross told the growers. And what has brought about the present distressing lack of quality. It is "progress," at least in part. We can pick faster and more economically by harvesting machine, but the machine tends to bruise and scar berries so they become tender. Water har- vest gathers more berries per acre, but, it does nothing to improve quality. In the old days, both "Gibby" Beaton and "Stan" Benson who are fully familiar with the methods of an earlier day, along with many other growers, recall when a grower was more on his own. He had con- trol of and knew how his individual berries were standing up. He took an honest pride in producing the best quality he could and to insure that he did, he received a price incentive for producing the best quality he could. Of course, we can't go back to the "good old days." But, there can be improved quality starting with the grower, provided he has the necessary price incentive. In- dependents seem to have fewer apparent difficulties in solving the problem than the "Big Co-op." Yet "Gibby" Beaton and others of Ocean Spray say the difficulties are not insurmountable. And, we would be inclined to take issue with the theory of Dr. "Brad" Cross- man, as expressed at the meetings that this will not bring about more sales and higher returns to growers. We know in our per- sonal shopping we do buy more of an item and are willing to pay a little more if we can depend upon the quality. We were also interested in the question- ing bj' John C. Decas, independent as to the "grotesqueness" of growing berries which will not be sold. This might or might not be practical, for instance cranberries CLARENCE J. HALL Editor and Publisher EDITH S. HALL— Associate Editor Wareham, Massachusetts SUBSCRIPTIONS, $3.50 Per Year, FOREIGN, $4.50 CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin LEO A. SORENSON Cranberry Consultant Wisconsin Rapids Wisconsin Washington Dr. CHARLES C. DOUGHTY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. Oregon FRED HAGELSTEIN Coquille, Ore. Massachusetts Dr. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. Cranberry Experiment StatioH East Wareham, Mass. New Jersey P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey are not corn and wheat which are planted every year; it might not be lawful or possi- ble to take out acreage on a voluntary basis: it might, we should think be done under a different sort of marketing order. "We were interested in the letter from Mr. Benjamin regarding all-handler, non-brand advertising. It might be all but impossible for Ocean Spray to go along with its al- ready huge advertising budget. And fin- ally, the dissatisfaction with the marketing order as expressed by "Goldy" of Wiscon- sin who certainly knows the workings of the industry, and has the right to express his opinion. All these show that growers are think- ing and out of thinking comes real progress. SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS Final Mass, Berry Meetings March 12, 13, 14 The March meetings of the Massa- chusetts Cranberry Clubs and the final ones for this year were mainly taken up with reports from research workers at the Cranberry Experi- ment Station. Election of officers also was held. Prof. Willianm E. Tomlinson dis- cussed insect problems; Irving E. Demoranville talked on weeds and their control; Dr. Fred B. Chandler touched on the new varieties, use of fungicides and upon the practice of sanding, which he has been of the opinion for a number of years is an unnecessary expense as it does noth- ing except prune which can be done more cheaply by pruning knives, and Prof. John "Stan" Norton, agricul- tural engineer, spoke on mechanical matters. William C. Atwood, Makepeace Company gave a talk on the color and quality of berries at harvest time. Kingston meeting was March 12 at 8 o'clock, the Rochester meeting was at 2 in the afternoon of the 13th and the Cape meeting at Barnstable at 7:30, another evening session. It is expected these meetings will be fully covered in the April issue. SPRINKLER SYSTEMS PUMPS HIGH CAPACITY WELLS ROBERTS IRRIGATION SERVICE STEVENS POINT WISCONSIN fresh From The Fields (Continued from Page 6) crowns, there is little evidence of injury to fruit buds of blueberries, even on the tenderest varieties and in the coldest fields. Frequent rains through the winter are apparently helping to keep winter damage at a minimum. WASHINGTON February Very Warm February was a very warm month, but over-cast and raining, there be- ing a spell of 19 out of 20 days. Average temperature for the month was 56.92; the normal temperature for February being 41.7. There was a high of 74 on the 10th, seven days were in the 60's and there were no days below 51 degrees. Precipitation w as 7.35 inches, which is lower than the February average of 10.39. Herbicide Applied Work on bogs has consisted of some pruning and some growers have applied LPC and Chloral; IPC as herbicides. At end of Feburary buds were still dormant and showed no winter in- jury, but were in a very susceptible state if any cold weather came. But, as end of month, they were in fine shape for a good crop. Cranberry Sauce Pack Down In '62 Report of the National Canners Association, Washington, D. C. for the year 1962 as to pack of whole and strained cranberry sauce is not encouraging, actual pack from re- ports of all known canners for 1%1 was 6,547,693 cases, while in 1%2 it dropped slightly to, 6,279,351 cases. INDIAN TRAIL, inc. WORKING— MERCHANDIZING— SELLING WISCONSIN-GROWN CRANBERRIES 12 Months of the Year Moving FRESH — FROZEN— — CANNED & JUICE — Striving always to move TOP-QUAL- ITY products at TOP PRICES for bet- ter returns to WISCONSIN Growers. P. 0. BOX 710, WIS. RAPIDS, WIS. SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS FOR SALE SEARLES JUMBO i HOWES, McFARLIN Vines for delivery in 1963 $125.00 Ton F.O.B. INTERESTED IN PURCHASING WISCONSIN CRANBERRY PROPERTIES Vernon Goldsworthy B.S. & M.S. University of Wisconsin Cranberry Consultant Fees Reasonable EAGLE RIVER WISCONSIN DANA MACHINE & SUPPLY Co. Wis. Rapids Wis. MFSS. of: SPRAY BOOMS GRASS CLIPPERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS Gretsinger Retracto tooth pickers Dryers DISTR. of: VEE BELTS & PULLEYS ROLLER CHAINS SPROCKETS & BEARINGS CONVEYOR BELTING STEEL ;:sii!^'^sic'^^jm^:-^s^ OUR PRODUCTS Strained Cranberry Sauce Whole Cranberry Sauce Cransweets Diced Cransweets Cranberry Apple Sauce Spiced Cranberries Cranberry Chilli Sauce Cranberry Bar-B-Q Sauce Cranberry Orange Relish Cranberry Vinegar Cranberry-Strawberry Preserves Cranberry Juice Cranberry-Cherry Preserves Cran-Beri Cranberry-Pineapple Preserves Cran-Vari ■ Cranberry-Raspberry Preserves Cran-Puri Cranberry-Rhubarb Preserves Cranberry Puree Cranberry-Gooseberry Preserves Cran-Bake [ Sliced and Whole Maraschino Cranberries ' Consumer Size & Bulk Fresh Cranberries Cranberry Products, Inc. ^ EAGLE RIVER, WISCONSIN DUE TO OUR INABILITY TO OBTAIN ENOUGH CRANBERRIES IN 1962 THESE SPECIALTIES ARE BEING DISCONTINUED. CORRUGATED CULVERT PIPE and FLOW GATES FeikerBros. Mfg.Co. MARSHFtELD WISCONSIN Phone 230 - 231 THIS SPACE Is GOING TO WASTE IT MiCHT BE CARRY- ING YOUR MESSAGE To EVERY CRANBERRY GROWER YOU Are reading this ad. Others will read yours in CRANBERRIES Magazine Library, tJniv 4 ot M»9» This is another round in our continuing campaign to teach all America that IF IT SMELLS GOOD, LOOKS GOOD, TASTES GOOD, PUT CRANBERRY SAUCE ON IT. Our appetizing four co/or pages are appearing in American Home, McCa/l's, Good Housekeeping, Ladies Home Journal. As we say in the ads, HEIGHTEN THE FLAVOR, BRIGHTEN THE PLATE WITH OCEAN SPRAY. RVINC A $40,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY APE COD lEW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON CANADA ROBERT J. MEHARG, from Small to large Massachusetts Grower. (CRANBERRIES PI 35 Cents APRIL 1963 DIRECTORY For CRANBERRY GROWERS Wcrcester Paper PREFABRICATED 1 The i Box Corporation FLUMES iCHARLES W. HARRISl MEDFORD, MASS. Tel. MYstic 8-5305 Straighfline Pumps 1 Company i I 451 Old Somerset Ave. | Manufacturers of Folding Cartons Bog Railroads For Rent 1 North Dighton, Mass. | i AMES i CONSULTANT On Water Froblems ■ ■ 1 Irrigation Systems | 1 Sprinklers | and Displays RUSSELL A. imm North Carver, Mass. Tel. 1 Weed killers | 1 Insecticides a 1 Fungicides | UNion 6-C696 ■ Kiekens - Duster and Sprayers ■ m m WATER WHITE KEROSENE Wareham Savings EOUtPMENT For use on Cranberry Bogs Bank HAYDEN Also STODDARD SOLVENT WAREHAM and FALMOUTH - SEPARATOR - Prompt Delivery Service Savings Accounts WAREHAM, MASS. Franconia Coal Co. Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent Irrigation Systems PUMPS - Inc. - Wareham, Mass. Phone CYpress 5-3800 SEPARATORS - BLOWERS SCRcENHOUSE EQUiPM£^/T Tel. CY 5-0039 Kimball 8-3000 DARLINGTON PiCKiNG MACHINES The National Ba nk of Vv'areham for Cranberry Men Conveniently located Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK ALFRED PAPPI At Screenhouses. Bocs amd Pumps Means Satisfactiea WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. CY 5-2000 Funds always avaih ible for sound loans SUBSCRIBE TO Complete Bai nking Service CRANBERRIES Member Federal D«p >o«it Inauraace Corp. Mass. Clubs Conclude ^Vinter Meetings Jse of Sprinkler Systems Jrged — New Herbicide An- lounced — Officers Elected. Massachusetts Cranberry Clubs completed their winter meetings, March 12, 13 and 15, with discussion 'eaturing the installations of sprink- .er systems, by Prof. "Stan" Norton low in great interest, and the usual discussions of coming spring prob- lems by members of the Cranberry Station Staff. Full reports of these are carried elsewhere in this or the next issue. Prof. "Bill" Tomlinson spoke on insects, Irving E. Demoranville on weed control, with reference to a new material. Dr. Fred B. Chandler on new varieties, and discussed what he calls the perhaps unnecessary practice of sanding cranberry bogs, as pruning "is only sanding" and pruning can be done more economic- ally in other ways. Also speaking was William M. Atwood of the A. D. Makepeace company. Thorough Pollination Is Good Crop Insurance Let Our Honey Bees Do It For You MERRIMACK VALLEY APIARIES, INC. 47 Pond Street Billerica, Mass. Phone 663-3079 STODDARD SOLVENT (Available Year Round) WATER WHITE KEROSENE BOTTLED GAS Water Heating Cooking Carburetion UN 6-4545 R«»», Central Heating CARVER, MASS. APRIL SHOWERS BRING FORTH MAYFLOWERS and ELECTRICITY Brings you the best in service and convenience Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM — PLYMOUTH CYpress 5-0200 Pilgrim 6-1300 Attention Growers ! ! for your Spring weed control we offer water white kerosene "GRADE A" metered trucks STODDARD SOLVENT SUPERIOR FUEL COMPANY Wareham, Mass. Tel. CY 5-0093 J. W. Hurley Co. • COAL • NEW ENGLAND COKE • FUEL OIL Water White - KEROSENE - For BOGS (METERED TRUCKS) 24-hour Fuel Oil Service Telephone CY 5-0024 341 Main St. WAREHAM VOLTA OIL CO. Distributor of the Famous TEXACO WATER WHITE KEROSENE For your Bog STODDORD SOLVENT Tel. Pilgrim 6-1340 Plymouth, Mass. Rte. 44 Samoset St Cm The South South club re-elected Robert J. Meharg of Plymouth as president, Stanwood Briggs of Dux- bury as vice president and Robert Alberghini of Wareham, secretary- treasurer. The Southeastern group elected William M. Atwood, Ware- ham president, succeeding Kenneth Beaton- who had served two terms. Robert St. Jacques, Wareham, vice president, and re-elected Paul Morse, Wareham, secretary and treasurer. Advisory Committee chosen was Ken- SANDERS BuUt from $750. WHEEL-OFF RIGS FLUMES Built to Order Welder and Power Shovel Available Will do Custom Sanding Oiva Hannula Carver, Mass. UN 6-4419 neih Beaton and Oscar Norton. Agricultural Coimty Agent "Dom" Marini presided at the Plymouth County club meetings. County Agent Director Oscar Johnson was in charge of the Cape meeting. Officers elected were, president, Francis Ken- drick, East Harwich, vice president, Carleton Collins, Waquoit, secre- tary, Mrs. H. Crawford Hollidge, Marston Mills, treasurer, Victor F. Adams, Osterville. Atwood, speaking on color and quality of cranberries at harvest re- ferred to a recent study on color and pigmentation of cranberries. He said that both fertilizers and fungi- cides tended to interfere with nor- mal coloring, but the reduction in color caused by fertilizers need not be worried about, but certain fungi- cides did reduce the pigmentation, while others did not, in fact one fungicide tended to increase color. He said this reduction of pigmenta- tion was perhaps more important in fruit for whole sauce than in fresh SHARON BOX COMPANY, INC. ESTABLISHED 18S6 SHARON, MASSACHUSETTS We Will Buy Your White Pine Logs, Either Standing or Cut • Highest Prices Paid • Sawmill located at North Carver, Mass. Office Phones: Sharon, SU 4-2011 Carver. UN 6-2234 If You Want A Good Flume At A Low Cost Use All HeaH Redwood 60,000 Ft. on hand for Prompt Delivery 6x8 — 6x6 — 4x6 — 4x4 Planking - Square Edged or Matched 2x6 — 2x8 — 2x10 — 2x12 SEND FOR YOUR FREE FOLDER ON THE "DURABILITY OF REDWOOD" E. W. Goodhue Lumber Co., Inc. MIDDLEBORO ROAD EAST FREETOWN, MASS Phones Rockwell 3-8811 — Middleboro 1275 berry sales. Fertilizers cause more vine growth and the berries at the bottom thus do not tend to color as well. There was some discussion of com- bining club meetings as has been done in Barnstable County. The Southeastern group voted unanimous- ly to continue its meetings and next year to have a coffee break. OCEAN SPRAY ~ DIRECTORS MEETING Ocean Spray directors are holding the regular spring meeting at Han- son, Mass., April 16, 17, 18 and through the April 19 holiday if it is necessary. President George C. P. Olsson says that the search is continuing for a suitable replacement to Ambrose E. Stevens, former general manager and executive vice-president. (We expect to have a report on any developments of interest from the directors' meeting in the May issue.) ALANAP NOT CLEARED The new weed killer, Alanap-3 is not yet registered for use on cran- berries, as this goes to press, al- though such registration is hoped for shortly. This chemical was men- tioned at Massachusetts club meet- ings, but growers are urged by Mass. county agents not to use Alanap until notified it is fully cleared. FOR EXPERT SERVICE , ON YOUR Briggs & Stratton ENGINES We use only factory-approved methods and original parts. Per- sonnel are trained under factory supervision. See us for a check-up or complete overhaul — prices are right. ^••'''^^'N^ tBRlCGS&STRATTONl MAIN STREET GARAGE Carver, Mass. Tel. L^Nion 6-4582 Two Mass. Cranberry Station and Field Notes by CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mr. Marcus L. Uraiin died on the evening of April 3 in his 90tih year. As he had wished it, his passing was sudden and unexpected, and it came at the end of a busy day. I believe Mr. Urann packed his first Ocean Spray cranberry sauce the same year in which I was born, but I did not meet him until I was a high-school student in 1928. Even then, I was more closely associated with his brother, Oarl B. Urann, who was my employer and my hero dur- ing summer vacations. But it was "M. L." who at the breakfast table of my parents convinced me to change my course of study to pre- pare for college. I have met many people who freely acknowledge the guidance and stimulus of this man in their lives. He was a great man in this cranberry industry, most will agree, he was the greatest promoter of cranberries ever known, he had the genius to organize and build on the grand scale, and his eyes were always searching for future pros- pects and developments. But in my humble opinion, the truly great are those who have won their way to the hearts of their associates and who have earned the gratitude and esteem of friends through acts of generosity and sym- pathetic counsel. In this more pro- found sense Marcus L. Urann was one of our truly great men, just as his brother Carl B. Urann with a very different business and financial outlook, was a truly great man. Suc-h men continue to live in the hearts of those who knew them well, exerting influence by their past actions on the decisions of those who carry on. I recall a characteristic event of M. L. Urann on the occasion of the devasting hurricane of 1938. The wind and tide rose so high dur- ing the afternoon that the Onset canning plant was surrounded by ocean water and Route 28 to the plant lay under several feet of water. The first vehicle to cross the flood was a huge trailer truck, and in the cab of that truck was Marcus Urann, eager to face the plant's problems, find solutions to them and get the factory back in operation at the earliest moment. I've never known such a convincing optimist — who has not heard him say: "Where there is a problem, there must be a solution?" M. L. Urann liked hustlers, and his own life provided a constant example of both mental and physical vigor. Visits to him at home or at the office were regularly interrupted by telephone business. Even lunch- eons were the occasion for staff conferences and decision making. The days were just not long enough for a such a man, but he filled each to overflowing. We will all miss him as we miss his brother Carl, and his many friends and associates in this busi- ness who have already left us. His vigor and imagination affected the _ whole structure of our industry. It's time to close ranks, find solutions for current problems and perfect the structure he outlined, 1963 Mass. Weed Control Editor's Note: The following is the report by Irving E. Demoran- ville of the Cranberry Station as given at the spring meetings.) There are some major changes in the 1963 Mass. weed control chart. First in regard to the simazine re- commendation, the concentration re- commended for cut grass control has been changed from 3% pounds of 80% W.P. per acre to 41/2 pounds 00 % W.P. per acre. This in- creased concentration gives some- what better control. In using this material for cut grass control, it cannot be stressed too strongly that simazine must be applied before the cut grass breaks through the qqins 4^irwaui f f NORWOOD, MASS. * DUSTING and SPRAYING RAY MORSE, Agent TEL. CY 5-3928 Three For Consistent Dependability with PESTICIDES and FERTILIZER see the man from Eastern States T. C. Ashley. Harry T. Fisher, Jr., James P. Govone, Lawrence H. Ward, E. S. Service Center, E. S. Service Center, E. S. Service Center, E. Freeftawm Mididlelboax) Forestdiaile Plynnoutlh Brockton Nervv Bedlford Taunikm Tel. RockweM 3-5718 Tel. Middleboro 947-2133 Tel. OsterviUe, GA 8-4393 Tell. Pilgrim 6-0970 Tel. Juniper 6-4055 Tel. Wyroan 6-5202 Tel. Van Dyke 4-6331 EASTERN STATES FARMERS EXCHANGE Headquarters: West Springfield, Massachusetts r Touraine Paints Hardware SANDVIK SCYTHES (ALSO CALLED FINNISH SCYTHES) CARVER SUPPLY CO, UNioN 6-4480 Carver, Mass. Hold full flavor in your cranberry pack CORN PRODUCTS COMPANY Memufacturers of fine products for the food industry . . . and Btt Foods Division grocery brands for the consumer. surface of the bog. Even with all| conditions of timing, concentration,! moisture for activation and absence, of frost flooding to prevent leaching, i perhaps this compound will not give 100% control. If the cut grass has started its growth above ground, ' the percentage of control falls off drastically. Simazine can be applied safely in successive years to the same areas, in case growers wish to re-treat where cut grass) control was poor last season. The section entitled "ditch weeds" has a new herbicide included. This material is called dalapon and is recommended for use in ditches dur- uig June and July at the rate of 7 pounds of 85% powder in 100 gal- lons of water. This treatment will give good control of most grasses, rushes and sedges and excellent control of cattails and bur-reed. Da- lapon has the advantage of not be- ing restricted to use in dry ditches as is the case with fuel oil, but can be used in ditches that have water in them also. Dalapon is also re-, commended at concentrations of 20 pounds in 300 gallons of water per acre on shore for control of poverty and wamsy grasses. The only time, that dalapon is recommended for' use on the cranberry bog is in the fall, after harvest. It can be used at a concentration of 10 pounds in 300 gallons of water per acre for summer grass, cu1» grass, warty panic; grass, poverty grass and wamsy grass. This chemical has the very serious disadvantage of reducing the following year's crop, especially on Early Blacks. The re- commendations are primarily for use on Howes and in general as a spot treatment for poverty af.id wamsy grasses. As far as the cut grass recommendation is concern- ed, there is little difference between the control obtained with dalapon and the control with simazine, with the added danger of serious crop reduction the following year when dalapon is used. The other new chemical on the weed chart is Chloro-IPC and the 20% granular is the only recom- mended formulation. This chemical is recommended for use on summer grass at the rate of 50 pounds per from April 1 to the start of Continued on Page 18 acre Fo«r Issue of April 1963 — Vol. 27 No. 12 ^ Published monthly at Thei Courier Print Shop, Main St.. Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscriptions $3.60 per ye Second Class Postaee Paid at Wareham, Massachusetts Post Office. FRESH FROM THE FIELDS Compiled by C J. H. MASSACHUSETTS March, The Lion March, coming in like the proverb- ial lion with the worst snow storm of the year continued colder than normal for the first ten days, with Iwo or three days of heavy rains. The ice disappeared from bogs and streams and some of the frost be- gan coming out of the ground, mak- ing roads extremely muddy. Not a few growers pulled the winter flood and exposed the vines. March Snows The 12th brought a miserable s'-orm 'Of light snow and then rain. This, weathermen pointed out was the 75th anniversary of the great blizzard of 1888, called the greatest snow storm ever known to hit New England. Up to the "Ides of March" the weather had been mostly overcast and with considerable rain. Then a warming trend began. Last Day Brings Snow March 21, the final day of the terrible winter, which seemed to be relucant to let go, brought an inch or two of heavy, fast melting snow over the cranberry area. The month to that date was minus 13 and the departure since, January 1, minus 140 degrees. First Day of Spring — Snow While the snow melted more came and the first day of official "Spring" was ushered in with one of the heaviest coverings of snow of the winter. The total fall as recorded at State Bog was 4.9 inches, and this was a heavy, clinging fall which bent down tree limbs and shrubbery. Even more was recorded at other points of the cranberry area. Rain- fall to that date totalled 3.80. Winterkill Perhaps 2 Percent Dr. C. E. Cross, Station director revised his estimate of winter in- jury to perhaps two percent of the potential crop of 1963. He said that checking showed considerable areas of apparent winterkill, just how ex- tensive he did not then know. There was still no injury from oyxgen deficiency. One reason he gave for less winterkill was the thickening of vines caused by picking machines which seem to flatten the vines down and not "fluff" them up as did hand scooping. This thickness, he felt, gave the vines an inherent protec- tion against the bitter winds of winter. First Spring Days First real spring came on the 25-26 with temperatures running into the 60's. In fact it was more sum- mer than spring and the monthly average began to be about normal. The warm weather continued and the temperatures turned into an encouraging plus. March Exits Almost Lamb-Like March went out, not quite the proverbial lamb, but the month as a whole turned out to be a plus 49, most of this plus having accumu- lated in the last week or ten days of the month, the rest was cold. The month also was slightly drier than normal precipitation being 4.18 (8.03 of which was snow) with the aver- age being 4.39. More Activity Certainly more work seems to be going on this spring than in a num- ber of years — there is extensive cleaning of ditches, raking, sanding and a number of growers have been busy putting in sprinkler systems. Plenty of Water Reservoirs and ponds are well filled this spring and there should be little trouble from water short- ACENT FOR WIGGINS AIRWAYS BOG SERVICE AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS HAND SPRAYERS - TOOLS - POWER EQUIPMENT AUTHORIZED BRIGCS AND STRATTON SERVICE CENTER R. F. MORSE & SON, INC. Cranberry Highway West Wareham, Mass. CY 5-1553 FiT« ages when frost time comes about the last of April, at least at the start of the season. Going 0'.»t Almost Like A Lamb March, provided one point out of a possible 10 which might favor good keeping quality. This was due to the combination of sunshine, tem- peraibure and prec|ipitation. For most favorable keeping quality March should have been cool and dry. As it was the month ended with a plus of 49 degrees, most of which was accumulated during the last week or so of March. Rainfall was slightly less than normal as measured at Cranberry Station was 4.18 inches (of which 8.05 was snow) while the average for March is 4.39, but there was more precipitation at Middleboro and Plymouth and the average of the three is what makes up final figure. As the resiilt a flash card was issued through extension service, urging the growers to oonfsider late water and or use of fungicides. However, the outlook may change from the present "poor keeping quality" to better before the final keeping quality forecast is issued. ORECON Oregon Frost Sprinkling The Southeastern Oregon cranber- ry area is having an early spring. Several growers started sprinklers for frost protection the first of March, when temperatures dropped to 22 de- grees. It was not sure whether any injury had been done or not; many growers did receive severe damage in early March of 1960. Jack Dean President Jack Dean of Bandon has been elected president of the Southeastern Oregon Cranberry Club. Another ffigh Wind Storm The Bandon area was hit by tre- mendously high winds on March 25, and there were fears that another severe storm of the type which hit the West Coast last Columbus Day was to strike again. That storm caused great damage, and debris was thrown onto the cranberry bogs. Winds reached 90 miles an hour and in the new storm a number of power and telephone lines were put out of order. WASHINGTON Sprinklers At Work Weather has been rather mild, but with a rather cold temperature on the bogs. Minimum was 21 on the 5th and 16th. From March 1 to 7, inclu- sive, bog minimums varied from a low of 21 to 24 degrees. Most of the growers had the sprinkler systems C. & L. EQUIPMENT CO. 191 LEONARD STREET ACUSHNET, MASS. Cranberry Bog Service PRUNING FERTILIZING RAKING WEED TRIMMING Machinery Sales PRUNERS RAKES POWER WHEELBARROWS WEED TRIMMERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS - Large & Small For Furtlier Information Call . . . F. P. CRANDON M. C. LEONARD Rockwell 3-5526 Wyman 5-3521 C. J. TRIPP Wyman 5-2013 going for protection. Some Cold Loss, But Bud Good High for March was 63 on the 7th. Rainfall was 5.36, and during the latter part of March there was some precipitation almost every day. A check of the cold injury revealed there were from 8 to 12 percent of blossoms killed or injured. On April one there seemed to be a very good bud set, and barring any further serious cold there should be a good Washington crop in the opinion of Dr. Doughty of the Long Beach Sta- tion. Herbicides Applied A considerable amount of Chloral IPC and other granular herbicides have been applied this spring. Re- sults from these herbicides last year varied considerably with some grow- ers getting good results, others get- ting no results at all. The Station has recommended that growers use the CIPC formulation which contains 50 percent regular volatile and 50 percent low volatile material. This mixture has given the best control of grasses, both perennial and an- nual and horsetail. An appUcation of 2,4-D along with CIPC gives a much better control of weeds than either material used separately. Casoron There is a tremendous amount of interest in Casoron as results with this material have been exception- ally good. An experimental label has been granted to Thompson-Hayward Chemical Company for use of this herbicide this current season. Dr. Doughty says there is not nearly enough material made available by the USDA to treat all the bogs, but believes the amount alloted will give a very good trial on a commercial basis. Plans have been made to ai>- ply a rather extensive series of plots and obtain additional residue data so that the rate of breakdown of the Casoron absorbed by the cranberry plants can be estabUshed. Dr. Dough- ty feels that it is likely that when this data is made available the USDA will register Casoron without any delay. Bog Activities Bog activities have included late spring pruning and planting of new areas and the apphcation of herbi- cides. A number of growers before April first had appUed the first fun- (Continued on Page 19) Plymouth (Mass.) Grower Liked The \ Out-Door Life Of A Cranberry Grower \ And Grew From Small To Large One He is Robert J. Meharg, who is President of South Shore Cranberry Club — Believes that if Cranberry Juice is pro- perly Pushed it Can Be salvation of the Cranberry Industry. by Clarence J. Hall There is more than one way to become a grower with large acreage- One is to make a small beginning and gradually increase. That is the way Robert J. Meharg, Clifford Road, Plymouth, Mass. did. He started with a tx)g of 4 acres and now alone, or with others operates a total of 90 acres. Mr. Meharg is president of the South Shore Cranberry Club of Massachusetts, being elected to a second term last month. It was a love for out-of-door life that got him into the business. This was in about 1938 when he bought the Cushing Bog, on South Meadow Road in Carver. This is a bog of about 4 acres. Then he bought the Burgess and Wood bog of six acres in Plymouth and later the B^addock Bog of 4 aqr^g which is in the Ned's Brook region of Carver. Extend Partnership Later Bus Driver He then went into partnership with He then was driver of a bus on the Elmer Raymond of Braintree, a di- Gray Lines from Boston to Bangor, rector of Ocean Spray and the two purchased the Benson Bog at Loon Pond in Lakeville, at one time the property of the late Arthur D. Ben- son. This is a property of six acres. This bog is operated as a partnership, Raymond & Meharg. Then about four years ago there came a larger venture when the two bought the Waterville Bog in Middle- boro. This is a property of 70 acres. It was formerly owned by Homer Gibbs of South Carver, Attorney Fletcher Clark of Middleboro and others. It is now incorporated within the Meharg and Raymond families. With the ups and downs of cran- berry growing Mr. Meharg says the bogs average about 50 barrels per acre but they have reached as high as 100 barrels. Started As Accountant Meharg is not a native of the cran- berry area, and his folks had no con- nection with the cranberry industry. He was born in Brookline, Mass., September 2, 1911. He attended grade schools in that town and was gradu- ated from Brookline High School. He then took two years at Bryant & Stratton, business college in Boston. He studied to be an accountant. He worked at this for a short time but did not like the confining career in an office. Then for a time he took a job as driver of a car carrier which got him less confined work and more out of doors. He drove out of Somerville, covering all of New England. Maine. He then worked as a welder in the shipyard of the Bethelem Steel Corporation at Hingham and later as a bus driver for the Brockton & Ply- mouth Street Railway Company. In the meantime he had married the former Miss Arline Holmes of Plymouth. Her folks were not in cranberries, either, but she had al- ways known about cranberries, al- though she had never picked cran- berries or screened berries. He was thinking of going into the chicken business. "My wife influenced me that Plymouth was a good place to live," he says, "and I guess she help- ed me decide to go into cranberry growing as the sort of out-door work I wanted to do. Anyway I bought my first bog and started in to being a cranberry man, doing my own bog work." ,. One of First To Sprinkle Mr. Meharg was one of the first cranberry growers to put in a sprink- ler system for irrigation and frost control. This was about 20 years ago and at the Burgess & Woods bog, where he now protects by irrigation four of the six acres. He found where he could buy some old iron pipe with perforations for sprinkling from a Hubbord INSECTICIDES FUNGICIDES HERBICIDES AVAILABLE ON THE CAPE FROM R. C. Mossman Horticultural Sales West Bridgewater, Mass. The HUBBARD-HALL CHEMICAL CO. Waterbury, Conn. I cranberry grower who did not like the system and wanted to sell. He blocked up the holes, and put in sprinkler heads, both Buckner and Rainbird. The system was first pow- ered by gasoline but he now uses electricity. The water comes from wells which he drilled himself. He is now satisfied with the system. He has renovated and replanted some of the bogs. For mstance, the Cashing bog was mostly Howes, but he now has it two-thirds in Early Blacks. The big Waterville bog is about half Howes and about half Early Blacks. His bogs are mostly flowed by pow- er, but there is some gravity at the Waterville bog. There are four gaso- line pumps. Does Own' Work He has frosted, sanded, dug weeds and done all kinds of bog work. He is a busy man on frost nights, taking care of his own bogs and goes to the Waterville bog in Middleboro and directs. There is a foreman there, Francis Dunham and two workers. Regarding the possible trend to- ward water picking in the East he says, "If I was 25 years younger, I might be interested in this, as I believe it is perhaps more efficient. But my own and many Massachu- setts bogs are so out of level that I think it would take a big invest- ment to get them flat enough so that we can pick a large acreage by this system as they doin Wisconsin. I can't see it for myself, yet, any- how." Mechanical Harvest The Meharg and the Raymond' Meharg properties are now all me- chanically harvested. Together, Ray- mond and Meharg own four Darling- tons and three Westerns. Meharg says they do most of the picking with the DarUngtons. "For one thing, most any operator can run a Darling- ton, but a Western requires more skilled work. And, as the Darlington does not prune like the Western there is no need to have a cleaner hlower on the shore, unless the bog is very weedy. They own four model A sand spreaders and two new-type sanding machines made by Oiva A. Hannula of South Carver, with the oversized tires, a big rubber-tired tractor and a clamshell for ditch cleaning and a bulldozer and truck. Also one spray truck. But now most of the spraying is done by straightwing airplane done by Aerial Sprayers, Inc. of Marsh- field. A lot of weed spraying has been done with the new weed kiUer, Simarzine, perhaps 50 acres in all. Liked Eatmor Service When Meharg was operating alone his berries were sold through the now defunct New England Cranberry Sales Company and the American Cranberry Exchange, later Eatmor Cranberries, Inc. "It was a bad day when that organization was dissolv- ed," he says. "They knew how to sell a lot of cranberries as fresh fruit." Now all the crops are sold through Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. About four years ago Meharg be- gan working for Plimouth Planta- tions, Inc., the reconstnicted Ply- mouth village of the 1620s. He is em- ployed in maintenance. He works five and a half days a week. However, he still does frosting and works all his spare time on the bogs. Plymouth plantations is only a short distance from the Meharg home on Clifford Road and Eel River, where the Mayflower II, will eventually be permanently at anchor may be seen from the Meharg yard. He lives in ^^^^fc A load of vines for setting being hauled from bog to bog. (CRANBERRIES Photo) Eight ;e which was formerly a farm le Mehargs have a horse for ;hildren and a dog. couple has three children, Ro- , Jr. 19, who already helps his in cranberry work; Nancy, 15 asan, ,12. ttend Cranberry Meetings arg is a member of the Ply- Masonic Order. "That is all I to except, of course, the South Cranberry club and the Cape ranberry Growers Association, to these meetings and other rry affairs including the weed isect clinics at the State Bog. I't have time for any hobbies. I to hunt and fish, but now all 3are time goes to working on ti^S." says he is not really discour- vith the cranberry business, but , of course, like to see better \s to Ihs grower. This spring he lanting an acre of bog at Ned's wi.h Early Blacks. 'Cocktail Juice Salvation" think Ocean Spray should be to sell more cranberries at a price," he avers. There must lys to improve the market. I like to see Ocean Spray go nore uses of cranberries and ;ularly into selling more cran- juice. I think juice can be the ;:on of the cranberry industry, rerybody doesn't eat cranberry every day. But everybody does some kind of juice. There must bigger market for juice than 0 far been developed. I should there could be a concentrated »erry juice, like orange juice, a housewife could buy in a can and then add the water If. That would eliminate the of the big bottles and transpor- 1 of water. I know there are ulties, but I believe the use of >erry juice could be tremend- increased and it would make a ■ difference in the over-all cran- r picture." Favored Marketing Order harg was one of those who -ed the Marketing Order for berries. "I don't like the idea eneral principal, but there is over supply and how else can feurplus be 'eliminattled? He a[ht it should be tried out for a few years, at least, as a temporary crutch and then allowed to lapse into disuse. (Editor's Note: Since this inter- view Ocean Spray has greatly step- ped up its cocktail juice operations and sales attempts to promote cocktail, as Mr, Meharg hoped it would.) Try Cranberries Advartisirf" CRANBERRY PICKING BOXES Shocks, or Nailed Let me repair your broken boxes — or repair them yourself. Stock Always on Hand F. H. COLE Tel. Union 6-3380 North Carver, Mass. NOW! Expert Service In the Carver Area -J McCulloch BRUSHCUTTER ^VEEDCUTTER* • Cuts weeds, saplings, thick brush -olears land. • Cuts flush with ground, operates full power any angl9. • Comfortable carrying harness for easy ute- relieves operator fatigue, adds safety. • Available as complete unit or as attachment fdf MAC 35A, ONE/42 or ONE/52 chain saws. • Power unit converts fast to chain saw us«. Versatile farm and construction toot. Weedcutter head available for ONE/42, ONE/52 models. Makes short work of any weed problem. EASY TERMS We're pleased to announce that we've been recently appointed as an authorized Sales and Service Dealer for McCulloch Products in the Carver Area CARVER SUPPLY COMPANY Carver. Mass. UNion 6-4480 Nloe ^^F Sevin is a registered trade mark of Union Carbide Corporation. Cranberry insects? SOCK 'EM with ^HWD OS New, effective and safer-to-use SEVIN insecticide is ideal for control of major insect pests that attack cranberries. Use SEVIN in the late blossom period and again whenever insects attack. SEVIN destroys cutworms, fire- worms, fruitworms, Japanese beetles and leaf- hoppers, including the leafhoppers that spread false blossom disease. The long-lasting residue of SEVIN assures continuing kill of insects between applications. NSECTICIDE Even in the hottest weather, SEVIN residues provide long-lasting results. Safer-to-use than many insecticides, SEVIN is low in toxicity to humans, livestock and fish. Spray or dust operators, using SEVIN, do not require special protective clothing. They only need to observe simple precautions. Workers can return to the bogs soon after application. SEVIN is effective in concentrate or dilute sprays and dusts. If will pay you to use SEVIN this year. Ask your supplier for SEVIN now. Or write Union Carbide Chemicals Company, Division of Union Carbide Corporation, 270 Park Avenue, New York 17, N. Y. AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS Vice President of Wise, Association is 4th Generation Grower Bruce R. Potter, 29, Oper- ates the Important Cutler Cranberry Company at Camp Douglas — Grandson of Guy N. Bruce R. Potter, the recently-elect- ed vice president of Wisconsin State Cranberry Growers' Association was literally bom and raised to cran- berries. He is 29 years old was bom and grew up at Cutler Cranberry Company at Camp Douglas, Wiscon- sin. He is the son of Roland Potter and the grandson of Guy N. Potter, the Potters being one of the larger and earlier cranberry growing families of the Badger State. After his father suffered a heart attack a few years ago he assumed the running and management of the Cutler Cranberry Company. He spent two years at college and two years in the armed services. He is a member of the Necedah school board and is vice president and director of the new Community State Bank at Wisconsin Rapids, sons. He is married and has four sons. The Cutler cranberry company has in operation about 160 acres, and Bruce says that the main interest at X>>* Three generations of Wisconsin cranberry growers, Guy N Bruce R. Rolland and the present time is to raise a better quahty berry, and to increase pro- duction per acre. Although barrels per acre are well above the state average, it is not among the highest. "We feed that higih production is what every grower wants," declares Bmce, but the most important part of growing cranberries is quality and the value of production is lost if it is in inferior quality fruit." The Cutler Cranberry operation is one of the more highly mechanized in Wisconsin, where time-saving me- FROST CONTROL And IRRIGATION SOLID SET BOG IRRIGATION SYSTEMS ALL ALUMINUM Long Life Low Cost IV2" Aluminum Tubing Call and compare prices with all other materials. LARCHMONT ENGINEERING LEXINGTON, MASS. VO 2-2550 chanization has long been striven for and attained. It was at Camp Doug- las that the "Brooklyn Bridge," that gigantic weeding apparatus was de- veloped. Potter says that in the operation of a marsh the size of Cutler Cran- berry Company that the owners are very fortunate in having a foreman whom they feel is one of the "best in the business." He is Roy Nelson, , and it is in large measure due to him that operations at Camp Douglas are so efficient. He built a riding picking machine and other different types of equipment which are so hard, or im- possible to find on the open market. The young vice president of the state association is of the fourth generation of Wisconsin growers, the first having been the late M. O. Pot- ter, who built his first bog in 1872, and was one of the real pdonners of the industry in that state. His three sons, the late Oscar O. Potter, Guy and Roy all became growers and and was one of the real pioneers of their activities are contining with their sons as in the case of Guy, Guy, for a number of years was a director of Ocean Spray and a leader in Wisconsin cranberry affairs. Cutler Cranberry continues to mar- ket through the cooperative. ■^/^M-f.'S.yi&Af^^ 'y,^i^,i -^^ % f, '/a FOR SALE 6 acres cranberry bog with good water and one reconditioned Darl- ington Picker. Harwich. $7500. Reply Box R. Cranberries Wareham, Mass. I ^fcsiJb The so-called "Brooklyn Bridge (CRANBERRIES, Nov. 1950) is simply a glorified grass clipper, primarily made olf steel beams 168 feet long, 5 feet wide and 8 feet high, weighing 5 tons. The beam rests on two 2'/2 ton trucks which run the length of the dikes along the bed to be clipped. The clipper itself is movable and is suspended from the "bridge." It can cover several Ocean Spray Opens Wisconsin Fresh Sales Office Is Headed by Dale L. John- son, former Area Manager there, who is succeeded by Lloyd A. Wolfe. Sales Manager Lester F. Haines of Ocean Spray has announced the open- ing of a new fresh cranberry sales office at Wisconsin Rapids, Wiscon- sin and this will be headed by Dale L. Johnson, who since 1957 has man- aged the co-ops Wisconsin opera- tions there. The area manager duties will be taken over by Lloyd A. Wolfe, a newcomer to Ocean Spray last month. Mr. Haines looks forward to con- tinued step-up in fresh cranberry sales in the Midwest this coming season. "Wisconsin crops," he points out, as is of course well known in the industry, "are on the increase and have advanced from an average of 313,000 barrels in the decade from 1951-'60 to a high of 462,000 in 1961. Production last year was down, due to weather conditions but was still considerably above the previous 10- year average." Mr. Johnson received his B.S. de- gree in agriculture from Wisconsin State College in 1951, he was then three years with Swift & Company as territory manager in the chemical division and taught high school 3 :'ears in Columbus, Wisconsin. As BRUCE POTTER Tw«1t* Roy Nelson, operating the riding Cutler Cranberry Company. area manager at the Rapids he has served the growers and during the fresh fruit season helped in handling fresh fruit. Mr. Wolfe, also received his B.S. degree from Wisconsin State College in 1951. For the past year he was with Schrank Sealed Storage as sales and area manager and was previ- ously with Elko Fertilizers Company, Inc. in Elkhom, Wisconsin. After two stints with the Marine Corps he worked in sales with Baffin Manu- facturing Company in Lancaster, Pennsylvania and with Wilton Co-op picker and towing a harvest boat at Exchange in Wilton, Wisconsin. Western Pickers Parts and Repairs Agent for 1963 Model ORDER NOW J. E. BRALEY & SON MACHINE SHOP 78 Gibbs Ave Wareham, Mass. HAVE YOUR REPAIRS DONE NOW Institute Asks 1963 Foreign Market Funds Two Representatives May Visit Europe Again In May Cranberry Institute is continuing vigorously to press the European market for cranberries, both fresh and processed. It has again applied to Foreign Agricultural Service, USDA for the equivalent of $25,000 in iEnglish currency from counter- part funds to continue to implement advertising, merchandising and re- ]atp^ nrnmotional programs in the United Kingdom. Also to provide foreign ciu-rencies to investigate the market potential m Switzerland, Sweeden, Denmark, Norway, and Italy, to be utilized under the FAS category or market analysis, research and surveys. Also to provide foreign currencies to investigate the market structure, to demonstrate and taste-sample, arrange for the initiation and im- plementing of advertising, merchan- dizing and related promotional pro- grams by the cooperator or in con- junction with other cooperators in Belgium, the Netherlands and West Germany (a start has been made there already). The Institute is pointing out that it believes there is a great market potential which can be developed for cranberries in dehydrated form. Product in this form may be trans- ported and stored at considerably less cost. This is also non-perishable. It is pointed out that such a pro- duct does not include sugar which otherwise gives rise to import prob- lems and increased import fees. It is a product which lends itself to further processing and manufacture in foreign countries and thereby takes on all the attributes of a raw material. Such a program would in- volve researching, and introductory activities. It is anticipated, the Institute states, that dehydrated cranberries will have to be made rather exten- sively available for experimentation and testing by foreign processors to convince foreign buyers of the feasibility and marketability of this (Continued on Page 15) "PRENTICE" Loader operating on Cranberry Lake Development Co. Marsh, Phillips, Wisconsin. EFFICIENCY In Every Part of Your Cranberry Operations Means Sav- ings in the Cost of Producing a Barrel of Cranberries for Market. A "PRENTICE" Loader is speedy and efficient in getting your berries from the marsh and onto the truck in water harvesting. Loader shown is our Model FOBC-RM. The hydraulically operated dump- ing arrangement allows speedy handling of the boats and eliminates tedious hand operations. , _ Satisfied Users Of The 'Trentice'' J Know This. We have a complete line of Hydraulically operated loading equipment, or we can design your special material handling equipment. Consult us for further information. PRENTICE HYDRAULICS, Inc Prentice, Wisconsin Phone 7, Phone 8 Manufacturers of PRENTICE Hydraulic Loaders J INSTITUTE (Continued from Page 13) product for use in a variety of finish- ed forms. To develop sufficient application of producb in this form it will be necessary to make supplies avail- able on a no-cost basis to the for- eign processor during this initial period. It is proposed that this pro- duct will be purchased with foreign currencies which in effect will de- fray ithe cost of dehydration. To encourage market development for product in this form the industry it is hoped will make available fresh cranberries for dehydration without cost for the cranberries. In- stitute adds that the feasibility of dehydration and the suitability of the end product has already been proven and established. As a necessary step to developing the European cranberry market it is anticipated another visitation will be made to Europe by Institute rep- resentatives. This will be in early May for a short visit. As the most experienced and with perhaps the most complete understanding of the problems it is expected Orrin G. Colley, president of the Institute will be one of the delegates. Mr. Colley has been twice before and others have included, Ben G. Pannkuk of Indian Trail Inc., Wisconsin Rapids, Bert J. Leasure of Wisconsin, Mar- cus M. Urann of United Cape Cod, who is secretary-treasurer of the Institute, William Stillwell adverti- sing manager of Ocean Spray. As a long-range possibility the Institute is looking into the prospects of Federal Crop Insurance for cran- berry growers if such a project should be desired by the industry. It has been in communication with John N. Luft, manager of the Fed- eral Crop Insurance Corporation of the USDA, who has said allotments for such insurance for 1963 have already been used up and that only three new crops are added each year. He has added that cranberries could receive consideration in the future if the industry so desires. READ CRANBERRIES Communication To The Editor Cranberries, Wareham, Mass. For the first time, in 1962, a Mar- keting Order was in effect on cran- berries, the purpose being to improve returns to the growers. The outcome of this venture will hold several points of interest. We understand that this is the first nation-wide Marketing Order. Whether it is or not, it does cover the total national production of the product concerned. Thus the results may well be of interest to agricul- ture in general. Not only will the results be watch- ed as to grower return, and indus- trial effect, but also as to the accom- plishments of cooperative process- ing, packing and marketing. Recent press reports from the Department of Agriculture, have pointed out the importance of food processing in todays' economy. Farmers were advised to give more attention to the marketing of their products through their cooperatives. Less than 25 % of the farm products are mai'keted through cooperatives the report states. More than 80% of the nations' cranberries are handled by one co- operative which is set up to do the processing and packing as well as the marketing. Marketing Orders have been likened to an extension of the cooperative marketing principle. This existing high percentage of co- operative cranberry marketing, run- ning up towards the 100% mark, represents a sort of a marketing order in itself. By virtue of its own position, such an organization pos- sesses heavy industrial responsibili- ties. It is quite obvious that any fail- ures of its own within the frame- work of its own structure could re- sult in adverse conditions involving grower returns. For observation and study we have assembled figures on the 1957, 1958 and 1962 crops. Possibly the figures might be adjusted a little one way or the other but in our opinion the results would not vary very much, the per bbl. figures as to prices paid in 1957-58 are those paid by the cooperative to its members. There are several factors involved 1957 Carry-over 1957 National crop Total 1957 shrinkage 1957 berries for general market 1957 pool return per bbl. to grower $11.88 (fifty cents of this per bbl. figure was paid m the form 1958 Carry-over 1958 National crop Total 1958 shrinkage 1958 berries for general maricet 1958 pool return per bbl. to grower $11.95 1962 Carry-over 1962 National crop Total 11962 shrinkage Total Less School Lunch sales Total Less 12% "set aside" 1962 berries for general market 1962 ipool return per bbl. to grower ??? 240,000 bbls. 1,050,000 " 1,290,000 75,000 1,215„000 " of a stock retain) 270,000 bblb. 1,127,000 " 1,397,000 80,000 1,817,000 225,000 bbls. 1,335,000 " 1,560,000 95,000 1,465,000 98,000 1,367,000 157,000 1,210,000 Fifteen were officially told that this sale should result in an increased return of at least a dollar a barrel above and beyond normal earnings. There is another matter of impor- tance. In a report as of Feb. 1, 1963 the Agricultural Marketing Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture reports that the quality and condi- tion of the 1962 Massachusetts crop ranged from good to excellent. The 1962 grower returns of the co- operative, are, of course, not known at this time. With previous accom- plishments of comparatively recent years as a matter of record, plus some additional features favorable to the 1962 crop, together with a marketing order to improve grower returns, there would be something seriously wrong somewhere if those returns were not in the nature of something quite substantial. Ralph E. Washburn South Carver, Mass. v/here the 1962 crop has some advan- tages over the years 1957 and 1958. First, and very important — there are about 15,000,000 more consumers in the nation today when there were five years ago. A second factor favorable to the 1962 crop is the progress being made with cranberry cocktail. Sales of this product have increased up towards 200% since the 1957-58 period and more equipment has recently been installed to substantially increase production. A third factor on the favorable side lies in the fact that the fresh fruit sales prices were at a somewhat higher price. Following are those prices which are approximately cor- rect. 1957 $15.00 per bbl. 1958 16.00 per bbl. 1962 17.00 to 18.00 per bbl. The sale of nearly 100,000 bbls. for the School Lunch Program was an- other favorable factor in 1%2. Mem- bers of Ocean Spray Cooperative Charles A. Nelson Not ''John Rr Through an error in our February issue Charlie A. of Nahcotta, Washington, was erroneously re- ferred to as being chosen Farmer of the Year," as "John R. Nelson," Mr. Charles A. Nelson, is one of the Passing Of Marcus L Urann Saddens Cranberry Industry MarotiS L. Urann WAS NATIONAL FIGURE FOR HALF CENTURY In the passing of Marcus L. Urann, a "giant," although largely retired the past few years, was removed from the cranberry industry. Often a figiu-e of controversy in some matters of policy, his leadership in cranberry growing and processing made him for half a century a man of national stature, and known from coast to coast for his achievements, both in the industry, particularly as founder of Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. and outside his field. Mr. Urann, passed away April 3rd at the age of 89. He died quietly at his home on Main Street, South Han- son, Massachusetts, within sight of Ocean Spray, the national coopera- oldest and best known growers in Washington. (1959 Photo Stanley A. Baunian) live he had founded and nurtured to prominence. Born in Sullivan, Maine, October 2, 1873, he received his B.S. degree from the University of Maine in 1897 and his LLB degree from Boston University School of Law. The Uni- versity of Maine presented him with an honorary LLD degree in 1947 in recognition of his "contribution to the advancement of New England agriculture and industry." While a student at the University, he cap- tained the football team and founded Phi Kappa Phi, A member of both the Maine and Massachusetts bars, he practiced law in Boston for several years be- fore turnmg to cranberries. In 1952 he was honored by the Plymouth County Bar Association and present- ed his 50-year membership certifi- cate. Mr. Urann purchased his first ; cranberry bog in 1906 and established [the present United Cape Cod Cran- berry Company, a corporation with holdings of over 600 cranberry-pro- ducing acres. Among Ocean Spray's 1400 members, United stands second in cranberry production, although fourth in cranberry acreage. Mr. Urann was president of United until 1936 and treasurer at the time of his death. One of the original organizers of the American Cranberry Exchange in 1907, Mr. Urann also served as a director for several years. The [Ex- change, as is well-recalled, was a national cooperative, marketing fresh cranberries until it was dissolved in 1957. Foreseeing a need for cranberry processing to extend the seasonal market for the fresh fruit, he packed the fu-st can of Ocean Spray Cran- berry Sauce in 1912, making his early experiments in Hanson, the present executive headquarters for the national cooperative. Mr. Urann operated Ocean Spray Preserving Company as a private enterprise until 1930. In that year, in order to extend the benefits of canning to all cranberry growers, he jomed with processors in Massachu- setts and New Jersey to form Cran- berry Canners, Inc., a growers' cooperative open to all growers. As growers membership expanded into the cranberry producing areas of Massachusetts, New Jersey, Wiscon- sin, Washington and Oregon and distribution of Ocean Spray products encompassed the United States and Canada, the name of the cooperative was changed to National Cranberry Association in 1946, and in 1959 to Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. In those early years, he personally supervised the canning operations, designed the labels and went on the road to sell Ocean Spray, now a hoiosehold name. Mr. Urann's forceful leadership as President and General Manager of Ocean Spray established the brand name as one of prominence in the market place. Even after his retire- ment in December 1954, his talents and energy were dedicated to the cause of the native American cran- berry. At the National Canners Conven- tion in Chicago in 1955, Mr. Urann was hc-nored by over 200 food brokers, and Chairman Arthur G. Curren, Jr., during the presentation cf gif'ts, said "You have succeeded in building a closely knit and ex- lermely loyal group of brokers to carry the name of Ocean Spray to all iparts of the country" and Mr. Urann's reply was "I will remember how you have heaped upon my head loiay the most treasurable crown of all, the warmth and sincerity of your regard and our long friend- ship." Among the boards on which he served as Director were: National Canners Assocdation, the Sjprhig- field Bank for Cooperatives, Farm Credit and the Federal Bank of Springfield. He was a director of the National Dank of Plymouth County at the time of his death. Mr. Urann was a 32nd degree Mason, a member of Wampatuck Lodge, AF & AM, of Hanson and the Boston Commandery, Knights Templar. He is survived by a daughter, Mrs. Garland G. Brooks of Hanson; two grandsons, Wilson and Glenn Brooks of Hanson; one granddaugh- ter, Mrs. Walter Estes, Jr. of Han- son; four great grandchildren; three nieces, Mrs. Alex Steel of Glen Spey, N.Y.; Mrs. Karl Manner of Mexico City, Mexico; Mrs. John M. Baldry, St. Leonards - O.C, Sussex, Eng- land; four nephews, Elwood Wilbur of Point Jervis, N.Y.; Walter Havey of Torrington, Conn.; Marcus M. Havey of Chicago, Illinois and Mar- cus M. Urann of Duxbury, Mass. Mr. Havey is Eastern Production Manager of Ocean Spray, and Mar- cus M. Urann is President of United Cape Cod, President of Ocean Spray of Canada, Ltd.; Director of Ocean Spray and Treasurer of the Cran- berry Institute. Ii\ineral services were held April 6th at the First Congregational wi Church in Hanson, Massacliusetts and '^interment was in Fern Hill Ceme- tery at Hanson. i Wm.T.Rezin 1 William T. Rezin, 75, retired from cranberry growing after many years died at his home on Route 3, Wis- consin Rapids, Wisconsin, in late March after suffering a stroke. He was a life-long resident of the area. Mr. Rezin was bom in Randolph, Dec. 25, 1887, the son of the late Mr. and Mrs. Robert Rezin, of the Wis- consin cranberry growing Rezin family. He was married Feb. 14, 1916 at Wisconsin Rapids to the former Mabel Sawin, who survives. Also surving are 8 sons. Earl, Kenneth, Edward, Gerald and George of Wisconsin, Arthur and Donald, both of California; and Leonard of Pennsylvania; and five daughter. He also leaves a sister, Mrs. Ruth Krohn of Florida, and 39 grand- children. A brother, Robert of Wis- consin, preceded him in death. Installing A Frost Protection Sprinkler System? Get Fast Delivery Of PLYMCO PLASTIC PIPE AND FITTINGS In Stock For New England Growers CALL C, Hodges Johnson Asbestos Corporation West Springfield, Mass. Telephone: Republic 3-7861 For Supplies Or Complete Installation Service Or Call Plymouth Cordage Co. Plymouth, Massachusetts Telephone: Pilgrim 6-4300 Extensions 222 or 224 |B«v«nteen He was active for many years in the Masonic organization; he held membership in Wisconsin Rapids Lodge 128 and Chapter 89, R. A.M.; Crusade Commandery 17, Knights Templar, Stevens Point, 32 Consis- tory, Eau Claire; Tripoli Templar Shrine, Milwaukee, and Rainbow Chapter 87 Order of Eastern Star of Wisconsin Rapids. He was also an Cdd Fellow. Martin Kranick Martin Everett Kranick, 43, died at Cape Blanco, Bandon, Oregon, last month where his body was found on the beach. Bom January 23, 1920, Mr. Kranick was the son of the late Leslie Kranick and Mrs. Ethel Kranick now Mrs. Walter Reichenback of Cresswell. For years the Kranicks were major cranberry growers of the Bandon area as was Martin. He was a 1938 graduate of Bandon High School and a 1940 graduate of Oregon State College, where he re- ceived a degree in engineering. He was an Air Force veteran of World War II and was the holder of the coveted Distinguished Flying Cross and two Oak Leaf Clusters, having flown more than 30 combat mis- sions in Europe. Following the war he went into the cranberry business with his parents and was a member of Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc., oper- ating "Kraniberry Acres," at Dew Valley. He had been in ill health for some time. He leaves besides his mother, a wife, Vivian House Kranick, whom he married in 1951 and four sons, Douglas 3, Gordon 8, David 5, and Ronald 4. WISCONSIN CRANBERRY WEED RECOMMENDATIONS Casoron has been granted a rest- ricted label for 1963 which means that the manufacturer is permitted to market a limited quantity for Now . . . For Your Frost Protection Sprinkler System... A Local Source For New England Growers Of PLASTIC PIPE FITTINGS Call Or Visit These Eastern States Service Centers T. C. Ashley E. Freetown Tel. Rockwell 3-5713 Harry T. Fisher, Jr. Middleboro Tel. Middleboro 947-2133 James P. Gavone Forestdale Tel. Osterville GA 8-4393 Lawrence H. Ward Plymouth Tel. Pilgrim 6-0970 E. S. Service Center Brockton Tel. Juniper 6-4055 E. S. Service Center New Bedford Tel. Wyman 6-5202 E. S. Service Center Taunton Tel. Van Dyke 4-6331 Eastern States Farmers Exchange Headquarters: West Springfield, Massachusetts extensive field testing. Indication is this supply will be sufficient for about 300 acres in Wisconsin and 500 in Mass., this year. This will give the material a thorough test under practical grower use condi- tions. Approval was granted for the sale of both granular and wettable pow- der formulations. The granular will be a 4 % material and the wettable powder will be 50% active. The evualation of Casoron in Wisconsin has been entirely with the granular. However, Dr. G. C. Klingbeil of the U. of Wis. is confident that, pro- perly used, the wettable powder will give results equal to results from granules. Weeds control by spring applica- tion are. star grass, sticktights, rag- weed, buck bean, bush horsetail, sickle grass, tearthumb, St. Johns- wort, bluejoint, rattlesnake, chick- weed, several mints. Not controlled include: creeping sedge, Joe Pye weed, iperennial smartweed, brush. Other Herbicides Recommended Dowpan; Iso octyl hexy ethyl ester of 2-4-D (Weed Rhap-20); Amine 2-4-D (Dow Formula 40); Simazine, (Simazine 80-W or Simazine 40); Herbicides that may be used as they are safe and require no tolerance are: petroleum derivitives — Stod- dard solvent, kerosene, mineral spirits; iron sulfate, sodium chloride. 1963 Mass. Weed Control Continued from Page 4 new growth, for sorrel at the rate of 100 pounds per acre in April, for corn, barnyard and crab grasses, tearthumb and fireweed at the rate of 50 pounds per acre for first-year plantings and 100 pounds per acre on mature bogs from the last week in April to the start of new vine growth and for dodder (gold thread) at the rate of lOO pounds per acre applied just before the start of new vine growth. Rates of more than 50 pounds per acre should not be used on first-year plantings because of inhibition of the vine growth. Also this chemical does not control many annual broad-leaved weeds such as ragweed. Chloro-H*C does not break Advertise In Cranberries EighWen down rapidly in the soil, but does need moisture to activate it: there- fore, it is suggested that applica- tions be just before rain or just after I rain or removal of a frost flow, when the bog surface is wet but when the vines are dry. One other new herbicide that will not appear on the new weed chart, because of its late approval by the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, is Alanap. Although it was discussed fully at the club meetings it will not be re- ported on here. There will be a full report on this chemical in Cran- berries Magazine and through the facilities of the Extension Service. fresh From The Fields (Continued from Page 6) gicide spray. There are two or three fungi that sporealate and it has been discovered that the ibest period of control is mid-March to April first. These fungi cause a tip blight as well as field rot of berries. NEW JERSEY March Warmer The month of March marked the first month in the past fifteen months during which the average tempera- ture was above normal. The month averaged out 2 above normal. The precipitation totaled 3.50 in- ches, which is only .18 less than normal. A few cranberry growers are dis- I Aerial Spraying and Dusting also Fertilizing i We Specialize I In Parathion Applications I both I I Sprays and Dusts g I AERIAL SPRAYERS, Inc. I I (FORMERLY MARSHFIELD AIRWAYS, INC.) ■ m Marshfieldy Mass. I I Thos. S. Weitbrecht (Whitey) Temple 4-7818 | •=^llllBIIIIBIIinilllBIIIIBIIIinii:BIIIIDllliEIIIIBIIIHIIIIBIIIHIIIHIIin:ilHlinillHI||IBIIIHIIIIBIIIIBIIIIBIIII^ Eastern States flexible or semi-rigid plastic pipe can save you time, hard work, and hard-earned dollars. Flexible Pipe: Continuous length reels. 1/2" through 2" diameter. Guaranteed for 75 lbs. working pressure. Meets quality specifica- tions CS 197-57. Semi-rigid Pipe: 10' lengths coupl- ed one end. V2" through 2" diame- ter. Guaranteed for high pressures up to 150 lbs. Excellent for sprink- ler systems, overhead plumbing and deep-well installations. ALSO PLASTIC FILM — SEWER TILE — DRAIN TILE See Ad Page 4 For Your Local Representative Eastern States Farmers' Exchange A farmer-owned cooperative Headquarters: West Springfield, Mass. Make your Pipe Dream come true this year . . . Order PLASTIC PIPE now from your Eastern States man. turbed over the activities of the State in acquiring land in its Green Acres program. Some of the best New Jersey cranberry land lies within the large Wharton Tract, now owned by the State. The State is seeking to buy a few cranberry bogs adjacent to this Tract. Dry. warm and windy conditions set up good condtions for forest fires and there were several in the vicinity of cranberry bogs. However no damage to producing cranberry areas resulted. If it remains dry and windy this may be an important consideration to some growers who would like to draw their water early. This early drawing is a prac- tice which seems to be winning more advocates in New Jersey every year. As of April 1st a few bogs ha/ve already been drawn. WISCONSIN Snow, Rain, Sleet, Hail, Thunder The persistent cold that 'began in mid January continued through the first two weeks of March. Although temperatures moderated wilih the advancing season they still continued below normal until the third week of the month. Precipitation was mainly wet snow falling on the 5th in the south half and over the entire state on the 19th and 20th with snow fall- ing in the north and rain in the south and with snow, rain, sleet, freezing rain, hail, drizzle and snow pellets fell across the central part of the state. The net result was above normal temperatures beginning on the 23rd, resulting in slightly below tempera- tures and precipitation for the month. Coldest reading was on the 5th at the far northwest when a minus 25 degrees was recorded at Gordon. Highest was 73 on the 24th in ex- treme southern Wisconsin. Thunder- storms were reported in snowstorms in the central area on the 19th and hail as large as l^^ inches in dia- meter fell in the Milwaukee area during the same (period. This was typical March weather for the state and marked the breakup of winter. The outlook for April calls for below normal temperatures and above nor- mal precipitation. Frost depths remained quite con- stant for the first three weeks of the month when surface thawing started to reduce depths. Frost depths still •averaged about 25 inches on the 22nd, with 60 inches remaining in central and northwest counties. Snow cover was rapidly disappearing by the end of the third week in the south half, while the north central area still averaged 13 to 16 inches. By months end the only remaining snow was found in heavy drifts and deep pockets in the northern woods. No serious flooding was expected due to the lack of heavy snows and the below normal water tables. The past winter has been one of the driest on record. Deep frost was expected to give considerable trou- ble on peat marshes in heaving out bulkheads. Reservoirs were down in most areas and the normal melting of the snows were expected to bring them up to normal. Frost depths are extremely deep this year in the cranberry beds and considerable re- flowing will have to be done to pull out the deep frosb unless heavy spring rains ocurr. It seemed to appear as though the vines should have come through the winter in gcod shape. GUARD AGAINST FRUIT ROT WITH NIAGARA CARBAMATE 1^ Excellent Disease Control ik Free-Flowing ^No Nozzle Clogging 1^ Ideal For Aerial Application NIAGARA CHEMICAL DIVISION FMC DIVISION AYER, MASSACHUSETTS Twentaa sure low-cost protection against FRUITAAAORM TIP>AAORM AND SPARGANOTHIS SULFUREANA Newly registered and approved for use on cranberries, Guthion gives you a new weapon against destructive pests that attack your vines. Guthion brings you new effectiveness because of its long control between sprays. And it is safe on foliage and finish . . . can't cause soil residue build-up. Guthion prevents the build-up of infestations in your berries — and cost-per- season is low because you spray less often. It's also registered for blueberries, blackberries and other small fruits, too. This season, try Guthion on your bogs. CHEMAGRO CORPORATION KANSAS CITY 20 • MISSOURI Market Committee Meets In Jersey May 7th A meeting of the principals of the Cranberry Marketing Committee, to which the alternates have also been invited, is scheduled for May 7 at the Holiday Inn, Haddonfield, New Jersey, or at exit 4 of the New Jer- sey Turnpike. Members are expect- ed to gather the night before and the session is expected to take one day. This meeting will be in the nature of a review of the marketing order and its effects during the past or first year of its operation. It is ex- pected the members will take ad- vantage to discuss all phases of the operations, and perhaps to present suggestions for plans and operation in the coming season. George C. P. Olsson is chairman, and the committee of seven, with the seven alternates, represent every cranberry growing area, four bemg representatives of Ocean Spray. MANZATE Cranberry Pesticides and Fertilizers Farm Supplies LAWRENCE WARD SUMMER STREET PLYMOUTH Tel. PI 6-0970 HARRY T. FISHER JR. PURCHASE STREET MIDDLEBORO MIDDLEBORO 947-2133 Eastern States Farmers Exchange •~ ~ -- • -rr - - I Tony Briggs of Massachusetts, Mar- keting Order manager will attend. It is expected a full report of this will be given, in the form and minu- tes of the meeting and otherwise in the May issues of Cranberries. The meeting, as are all such of the committee is open to the public. R. F. MORSE & SON, INC. Cranberry Highway West Wareham, Mass. CY 5-1553 Suppliers of DuPont MANZATE (Maneb Fungicide) Special report to cranberry growers on DuPont MANZATE" MANEB FUNGICroE for effective rot control Fruit rots can cause serious damage in cranberry bogs, reducing growers' yields and profits, too. These diseases cannot be cured, but they can be prevented— with Du Pont "Manzate" maneb fungi- cide. In the January 1962 issues of Cranberries, Dr. Bert M. Zuckerman (Massachusetts Cranberry Experi- ment Station) states that on the basis of six years of fungicide trials, "maneb is the best fungicide among those currently recommended" for cran- berries. In addition, maneb "gave superior disease control," while berries from untreated plota ghowed an average of 27.8 % rot after six weeks of stor«ge. Du Pont "Manzate" maneb is a wettable powder that's safe and easy to use. It won't clog nozzles or corrode equipment. Tough on diseases but mild on plants, "Manzate" won't stunt growth or cause foliage yellowing. This year, for more effective control of cranberry diseases, spray "Manzate" at regular intervals. Get better spray coverage by adding Du Pont Spreader-Sticker to the mixture. For full informa- tion on "Manzate" for powerful disease protection, write: E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., (Ine.) Industrial and Biochemicals Dept., Room N-2543, Wilmington 98, Delawar* « a/i chemicals, follow labeling instructions aud warnings carefully. fPONt Better Things for Better Living through Chemistry Twenty-Two fidit'^^al^ ISSUE OF APRIL 1963 VOL 27 - NO. 12 SHOULDN'T BE "KISS OF DEATH" A beginning albeit a small one, has been made toward development of a Euro- pean market for American cranberries. Again the Cranberry Institute is requesting funds in foreign currency (counterpoint money) from Foreign Agricultural Service, I USD A, the government unit which has I done much to assist American producers I to build up substantial markets abroad for American food and fibre. The European market for American poultry reached $96 million recently, but now unfortunately the trend is reversing, due in part to the European Common Mar- ket, which at first was hailed as a blessing and is now not looked upon as such a sure- fire good thing for the U.S. This is because tariff walls are being raised against many American imports, seemingly because one purpose behind the Common Market is to favor its own products over world imports, which, of course, is quite understandable. However, a thought of our own, which might be entirely wrong is that since American cranberries are not grown com- mercially in Europe (with a single excep- tion, as we recall) this product might be a welcome and healthful addition to Eu- ropeans in their diet, now that Western Europe is booming economically. It would seem to us that American cranberries would taste just as good to Europeans with European chicken or other products as they would with American fowl. It is for the purpose of research, de- velopment and promoting American cran- berries that these government funds, plus some industry contributions in the form of money, "services and goods," are made available. We fear that this European ef- fort so far, has struck no great popular cord among cranberry growers. We have heard it said that trips to Europe by representatives of the cranberry industry are likened to "junkets" and to make such a visit is almost akin to "the kiss of death" for an individual. We are inclined to take the opposite view — that this effort to sell American cranberries, fresh, frozen, processed, dehydrated and perhaps in cocktail juice, is worth a hard try. To develop this market will not be easy or fast, but it could be one step in solv- ing our surplus problem. CLARENCE J. HALL Editor and Publisher EDITH S. HALL— Associate Editor Wareham, Massachusetts SUBSCRIPTIONS, $3.50 Per Year, FOREIGN, $4.50 CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin LEO A. SORENSON Cranberry Consultant Wisconsin Rapids Wisconsin Washington Dr. CHARLES C. DOUGHTY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. Oregon FRED HAGELSTEIN Coquille, Ore. Massachusetts Dr. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. New Jersey P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey A GOOD BLENDING Older cranberry growers, like every- body else, retire in whole or part from strenuous activity. It is therefore, good when a "new crop" of younger growers comes along to help "take over." Such seems to be the case with Wisconsin State Cranberry Growers' Association — some of the younger growers are now officers. One such is Bruce Potter, 29, who is vice-president, and a fourth generation of a distinguished cranberry family. This month we begin a series of articles concern- ing some of these. But it is also well that more mature men such as Ben Pannkuk, association president continue. We think this makes a balanced blending for best results. SPwenty.Thre'e SERVING WISCONSIN Wisconsin's Successful Cranberry Growers DEPEND ON Swift's Specialized Service for all their Plant Food and Chemicals Why Not YOU? Swift & Company Agricultural Division Phone CHerry 4-3515 P. 0. Box 152 Madison, Wis. WISCONSIN HEADQUARTERS FOR INSECTICIDES — FUNGICIDES HERBICIDES DUSTS — WETTABLE POWDERS — EMULSIONS PARATHION — MALATHION FERBAM — SIMAZINE DITHANE M - 22 (Maneb) WEED RHAP 20 SEVIN Hopkins Agricultural Chemical Co. p. O. BOX 584 MADISON, WISCONSIN Phone ALpine 7-1019 CORRUGATED CULVERT PIPE and INDIAN TRAIL, Inc. FLOW GATES WORKING— MERCHANDIZING— SELLING Felker Bros. Mfg. Co. WISCONSIN-GROWN CRANBERRIES ^^^^ 1 O IM .-, 11 1 1 f 11,,, 'ST' ,, .. MARSHFIELD WISCONSIN Phone 230 - 231 SPRINKLER SYSTEMS if Moving FRESH — FROZEN— — CANNED & JUICE — Striving always to move TOP-QUAL- ITY products at TOP PRICES for bet- ter returns to WISCONSIN Growers. P. 0. BOX 710, WIS. RAPIDS, WIS. PUMPS HIGH CAPACITY WELLS ROBERTS IRRIGATION SERVICE STEVENS POINT WISCONSIN SERVING THE WISCONSIN GROWERS FOR SALE SEARLES JUMBO HOWES, McFARLIN Vines for delivery in 1963 $125.00 Ton F.O.B, INTERESTED IN PURCHASING WISCONSIN CRANBERRY PROPERTIES Vernon Goldsworthy B.S. & M.S. University of Wisconsin Cranberry Consultant Fees Reasonable EAGLE RIVER WISCONSIN DANA MACHINE & SUPPLY Co. Wis. Rapids Wis. MFGS. of: SPRAY BOOMS GRASS CLIPPERS FERTILIZER SPREADERS Getsinger Retract© tooth pickers Dryers DISTR. of: VEE BELTS cV: PULLEYS ROLLER CHAINS SPROCKETS & BEARINGS CONVEYOR BELTING STEEL OUR PRODUCTS Strained Cranberry Sauce Whole Cranberry Sauce Cransweets Diced Cransweets Cranberry Apple Sauce Spiced Cranberne.s Cranberry Chilli Sauce Cranberry Bar-B-Q Sauce Cranberry Orange Relish Cranberry Vinegar Oanberry-Strawberry Preserves Cranberry Juice Cranberry-Cherry Preserves Cran-Beri Cranberry-Pineapple Preserves Cran-Vari Cranberry-Raspberry Preserves Cran-Puri Cranberry-Rhubarb Preserves Cranberry Puree Cranberry-Gooseberry Preserves Cran-Bake Sliced and Whole Maraschino Cranberries Consumer Size & Bulk Fresh Cranberries Cranberry Products, Inc. EAGLE RIVER, WISCONSIN BARK RIVER CULVERT AND EQUIPMENT Co. ESCANABA, MICH. IRONWOOD, MICH. - - EAU CLAIRE, WIS. — MADISON, WIS. GREEN BAY, WIS. — MILWAUKEE, WIS. CORRUGATED METAL CULVERT PIPE DROP INLETS AND GATES GALVANIZED - BITUMINOUS COATED - ALUMINUM You Are Reading This Ad Others Will Read Yours Library, llnxv^ 9i APKlIi mi The American Sugar Company is tying in with: A GLAZE TO PRAISE ON EASTER HAM It's the big Spring promotion of all f/me — and backed by full page, four-color ads in McCaWs, Good Housekeeping, Ladies' Home Journal, Progressive Farmer and American Home. Make the glaze with 7 lb. cranberry sauce, V2 cup brown sugar. Apply half an hour before ham is done. Good luck! HEIGHTEN THE FLAVOR, BRIGHTEN THE PLATE WITH OCEAN SPRAY. u ''S