5 ene ere Ort be Fe he ee a re Ob ewe se ee a EE Se Se Se Se ee Tt t2- Tes = on = ‘apne dor it Ht | i poees SS = iit rei t if i th ae t aerate See reser ses: <2 it : Ht iriritl ' re = = tt i t i tint He puri t } | it _ OSes ere ee soe sa stot eee ae OO pate ie rete os Fates ed A ae i Smith ) wilson COPEPOD LIBRARY Smithsonian institution ~ i Invertebrate Zoology A (Crustacea) So yy ofl tv aples comps WILSON COPEPOD LIBRARY Smithsonian Institution Invertebrate Zoology (Crustacea) THE DANISH INGOLF-EXPEDITION VOLUME III. 7 Peeerowe Ce COPE PODA_IT COPEPODA PARASITA AND HEMIPARASITA. H. J. HANSEN. WITH 5 PLATES, A CHART, AND) A LIST OF DHE STATIONS. —+ OB KQ COPENHAGEN. PRINTED BY BIANCO LUNO. 1923. Palade? Wi, , & #0 ? i # * zh eS WILSON COPEPOD LIBRARY Smithsonian Institution Invertebrate Zoology CONTENTS. Crustacea Copepoda. II. Page ishrROGhE CORIO Bx oa Goo Oia s PeenOld OO busi Cateeecnore: RBar: eae I Divisio IGrpRsaeoOUb oes oncososoodcbanoouou dosed Bodies 4 MICS RECIGHOS IEG HPOGTES VG. sso 5cnods0esa00d0acDD0 GO 4 Divisionm Cy Clopoid ar aniy Ds occcnscaccacvccoadco0006 27 Division: Caligoida:. cace.6 on ao44 eta sawed ee 28 amily, Caligidaes maatecn santa te vee ote ee ea os 28 Caligus: Ov POM ler eis pare eta oe on ieee ins chee 28 30, CaOhgus GUMS O>, 18, Wwe 5 oso eoncconouus0u000 28 33- == — Hap Vel, WONbIS=IBGCINS os cacccanccccdcu be 29 ILGPOGNIOGHTIS: INOWGCIM, SoooGedocosncDcQoDGGcCEdbORC 30 34. Lepeophtheirus pectorvalis O. F. Mill. ............. 30 35- — TIUP POSLOSSUs Kae ee ee tetera 30 36. — ihomPpsond Bait dears ane 32 Bir — SALBOMS. Ie coonoboowoougsscnotKs 32 BY COUUSE CET OAC Dn eters ee ee oe eRe ee els 33 Shs, UAC CORETVIS VROS7OR po orccccovccnvdoucoc Ne 33 DIN CMGLULE NG AGT nsec SAN Oe HIE soe he ane ccnsalnets 33 39). IDIAAMOMG OVO Vit, gn ockoosoooone pede monouses 33 40. — (CHIC WU, 5 coo dccGo0ucgoRoGB000 35 Page ICN OCNCHAIS Sei, C2 litliscosgdococdcncsoed0uode oor 35 41. Echthrogaleus coleoptvatus Guérin............... 35 | Pandavus: ly cache rewsciarcty an ievewe natch Bates RST ee 36 AZ RANAAYUS OUCOLOY MC acier.) cealsrlwoei ete ocr eer 36 INOSGEHLS TONG a Goo dopoopodeoddoaansuanedddosonas 36 A3., (Nesippus iborealis ‘Sitp) 6c Wty. asa eee 36 | HamuilyeeDichelestiidc rere rane nie evecare iat meer 38 | IECKOTAHO. POCIS 56 oocqedodocveaoooodoosbacoducuod oo 38 44. Hatschekia Happoglossy Wr. 3... aes «as «ein ele 38 | SHAMANS Mic SOeGorbboosderaoweodovieleinonicce ss be 38 | ASO AVELLACHEYES EY ACTIS MM SATS heyeteler ile sitter tty eete 38 | Divisionsherneoiday merc ric tac tke een ean erie 39 | inpyeatihy ILCaESCLD Coos cpo oo rood odode Kan aGooosoquMoodo06 39 IPEniculusuNios diaries ee eee 39 46. Peniculus clavatus: ©. BM. oo. oe tac eo 39 | SHANA . | CEMTCISIN Sioa ceoeddenansoudgonospobandoe 39 Atjan Saycotvetes) Scopelis tm Seren). erie eel 390 JEG PAVGG EMEwwoinpuulSs sdbooancggeaoposasdoasavadae 40 hiss JUARIEAORAI UMA LUUS Whee cchasdauveacogadgedcdas 40 FET CMOOaPhes Sit Paice Lit Kennel we eee era 41 49. Haemobaphes cyclopterina O. Fabr................ 4I IAAMUAND (OVS Shon Cob acddaobsacenedasoosanudaapuds 41 50s -hennellacyassicornis Stps Se Wty. sa aces 41 51. — Balenopiere Kor. & Dan. ..:.......... 41 amily Op liythid yy sete tee tere eerie emcee 42 SUBD: CL Boasoe de gas douu ladosiplon ns soleus aocg a 42 SZ SPRVALONM EU PI KG Meat ien hs eto cicie eee eee 42 HamilyaChondracanthidc ini ortac screen ccerrne tier 42 Chondyacanthus) Welatocherricvrmcjociy eck clin ire 42 53. Chondracanthus cornutus O. F. Miill. ............. 43 54. = TETHER S52 5 915050000:0000:009000 44 55- — clavatus Bassett-Smith......... 44 56. — MOLOSUS: OE Mile erent 45 57: — LEON UD OMENS, Sho soogoceccoeuged 45 58. — Yadiaiusa@s KeMVitull Meets sen 45 IDQCOIS USN IG5 oo Go PAO SHU GOHAH OOH AOd omc Goad Se O86 40 Fos JOOS {AIFS ti, Soy sdbacessoobadgosovonpeuege 47 60. = OO), 125 MGWUE Doo adaucnoosbap os odds 48 WAP UBT Sins 4 Wels aoceusdoossaooceecucooobcd 49 61. Tanypleurus alcicornis Stp. & Ltk............... 49 Hamilymverncopodidcery syrah 49 CharopinuseKsroyvieteet ice 49 62. Charopinus Dalmanni Retzius................. 49 63. — Bhini@ IW SCO’ scccodcodosadooaunes 50 64. — HOMMOSIS VETON/Oel sg aadsnosdovccudcbe 50 SaGlmyncola WillsOnweracieeree acl eee eee 50 Oy SLOT CCT RIOUS UGE Soaoncoodedebcsbedasueue 51 66. -— AGH OUSSOM coodsacootsocoogsanesn 51 67. — AUCLUYE (MACE Sie our eneMaet eae 52 ILE ay nakes IDlasimyUIS pocodoascdnaacpoboredDAnade 52 68: LernzopodaelongataiG ramttian ane Aree 53 69. — Gilet Reais ater fal ease eae Ree RNC 53 70. = CenivoscylizimneSps eet ieee 53 itis, — longicaudatain sp: eee eee Le 54 GfP — SAHIGUS USO iOits oodacnoadasanconbes 56 IGT RAG LOUG RIS 1s PK505 45 oo poavisooneoconoodoAonaosoues 57. 73. Lerneopodopsis, Product M1 Spat eee 57 Brachtellay Cinilerare een oreo Loerie 58 TMi IE RHO MANE TOSI, IRSONTC San cacacndnoangobocdd 58 Clavella Oken (Anchorella Cuvier, Kr6yer) ........ 58 Whe mClavella wuncinata One Vinheta rrr ee 59 76. —- Sviched: (Kar aise were eke Gears See eae 61 Hale — WHER D Te Jno cccacdooudooosuavguscces 62 78. — PV ACUES USD emer epee Ca eateey ererr OOS 63 79. — MUZOSAESTON{ CT ee ee ET en eee ere 64 amily, |Choniostomatidz yan oe nnoe ener ace ene 64 SYAPORMCICTOS Ista No ISG Aobosovusesancaevancn ood u0D0ED 65 80) )Stenotocheres,egvectusn El appear eeeree iets 05 IOOAOSOANS. Is Io Je& soocboobovddboaccasccadacqvens 65 80. (omocoscclis jrigvda) MASP ae ee eee 65 82. — VO PEGHES sie GM oistoocoacasescccode° 66 Spheronelia Sialienslkeyiae aoe eee 67 83h) SpheronellavAverssccl rule ele reer nore aie ene teins 67 84. — Mieto pe Ey eels arate riick eee 67 85. — Iskoloy hy 1G Blo pod bo popeoouceDbas 6 67 86. WIA NLU HEED We, SOs 6 > os g6R0o00e0000 56 68 87. — IRONOIAIS VElo Ifo Wha on obacandocdnsdonece 69 88. — HOGI IU, San se soe seo boncosonoan ones 69 89. —— ecovaia Eien Eee eee 71 90. — RODKLUMIE Silo Sno c so0nebedseoD sods Hane 71 ol. — CGH SUNIL an tod sedbeaosacnu lose 72 92. — MUNNOPSUATS MEL el-pclirar-eeie iene terrier 73 93. — MWHOKUVE I GOo coodaadecoearaounseouce 73 94. — INCOMES WS Socccocedaoanensooes 74 95. — LUATIOXOUO Tl soe sounosssocouosSoe 75 Chontostoma HE Earn EN ecig Pree Ob OOOO BG 96. Choniostoma mivabile H.J.H.............+-.+0- 717 97. — Hansentt Giard & Bonn........... 78 amily erp yllobitdeiaemi ace ee ei 79 Herpyllobius Stp. & Ltk. (Silenium Kt.) ............ 80 98. Herpyllobius arcticus Stp. & Ltk................ 80 SWAY NUS WEroscocsobpososananossooudouovooU POON be 82 99) (Saccopsis) Merebell7d7 sme erent el yboleterst ions 82 Genera ofunktiowils position penne Meee rete ei ernerreer 82 Cry psidomusml eye Rae eee eerie 82 100. Crypsidomus Tevebell@ Wev.........1.0..0seeee 83 PStlomal lis ger ere es eA EOC eT TIE Tete 83 tor. Pstlomallus tdappolyies War er) eee ete ere 83 Additional) Remarks a aera miter etc aac ereaec tks 83 IDpqEwaalon Oe WHS IAEWES Socoaccacaksonogassocoucgaauae 84 Crustacea Copepoda. Il. By H. J. Hansen. Copepoda Parasita. Introduction. efore entering on the subject of the present paper I may refer to “Introductory Remarks” in “Crustacea Malacostraca I’’ published in 1908, because they contain various statements that need not to be repeated here. In that chapter I explained the limits of the area investigated by the “Ingolf’’ and other Danish expeditions to our northern dependencies; the principal sources (apart from the “Ingolf’’) for the material examined were enumerated, and the principles followed as to “occurrence” and “distribution” were laid down. Zoologists wishing to get some information on these and allied topics may find them in the paper mentioned. The present paper comprises not only the Copepoda parasites on fishes, Crustacea Malacostraca, and Annelida, but also the typical semi-parasites, viz. the family Asterocheride sens. Giesbrecht, and besides all forms living as commensals or parasites within Ascidize; furthermore the Monstrilloida, which are endo- parasites excepting as adults, are included, while such pelagic Copepoda which are only surmised to be semi- parasites (as Coryceus, Oncea, etc.) are omitted. Our earlier knowledge of the parasites on fishes, Annelida and malacostracous Crustacea living near Greenland was rather good, but as to semi-parasites and commensals it was extremely poor. In his “Con- spectus” (1913) K. Stephensen put together all what was known; he enumerates as “Copepoda marina para- sitica’”’ 40 species. Two of these must be cancelled as synonyms, and a third form (Canthocamptus? Hippolytes Kr.) is certainly neither parasite nor commensal; thus we get in all 37 species, one of which belongs to the Notodelphyoida, while 36 are real parasites; later on Stephensen has added a species of Monstrilla. From the seas at Iceland and the Feroes a low number of parasites on fishes was known, and 3 among them were unknown from Greenland. The result is that about 41 species of parasites, semi-parasites and commensals were known from the “Ingolf’’ area. In the present paper I0I species are enumerated, all, excepting 3 not seen by me, preserved in the Copenhagen Museum; 29 species are established as new to science. The “Ingolf’’ has gathered 43 species, The Ingolf-Expedition. III. 7. iL iS) CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. 16 of which are new. Among the ror species 48 are parasites on fishes and only 19 among these have been taken by the “Ingolf’’; only 6 of these 48 parasites are new, and 4 among them were found on deep-sea fishes taken by the “Ingolf’’. During many years Kroyer, Steenstrup and Ljtitken had taken much interest in pro- curing and collecting parasitic Copepoda from fishes, and the fauna of these animals inhabiting fishes living generally in depths from near the shore and down to about a hundred fathoms at West-Greenland was very well known, owing to the commonly used papers published by these three Zoologists. As to parasites on Annelida only 2 species could be added to G. M. R. Levinsen’s paper (1877). In my monograph of the Chonio- stomatidee (1897) 8 species of these parasites living on various Malacostraca were described; in the present paper 18 species of that family are mentioned as taken in the “Ingolf” area, and 8 among them are new; it may be supposed that some few species living in the marsupium of Amphipoda may still be discovered by K. Stephensen who has begun to work out the rich material of this large order. When we proceed to the Asterocheridee and the forms living within Ascidians the results are quite different. Of Asterocheride not a single species was known from the “Ingolf”’ area; in the present paper 17 species are enumerated, together with 1 species of the Lichomolgide; 11 among them are new, and Ir were found in sifted samples of bottom material secured by the “Ingolf’’; several were taken in considerable to great depths. Of Copepoda living within Ascidians only I species (wrongly determined) was known from the “Ingolf” area; in this paper 9 species are mentioned, 5 among them taken by the “Ingolf’’, 4 among them new, and one species is of peculiar interest, as it belong to the genus Cyclopina, but no species of this well- known type was hitherto known to live as a commensal. Probably only a very moderate number of fish-parasites living in the “Ingolf” area are still unknown, and most of them will be found on fishes from rather deep to very deep water. Several forms living within Ascidians are still to be discovered, and of the Choniostomatidee many forms may certainly be found, when enormous quantities of Cumacea, Amphipoda and Isopoda from most different depths have been procured and are specially inspected with the intention to discover parasites. A comparison with the Norwegian fauna of Asterocheride (sens. Giesbrecht) and Lichomolgidee gives the result that it must be possible to discover a large number of described and underscribed forms in the “Ingolf” area, when sifted bottom material taken from a hundred of places from near the shore and down to great depths, especially around Greenland, is thoroughly looked over. On the literature and the arrangement of the Copepoda in the present paper a little may be said. As to the Asterocheride, Lichomolgidee, Notodelphyoida, etc. the splendid treatment of G. O. Sars in Vol. VI and VIII of his “Account” is taken as guide; I cannot follow him in dividing f. instance the family Astero- cheridze Giesbr. into several small families, but this and similar questions are of slight importance in a faun- istic paper as the present one. In the arrangement of the parasites on fishes I follow the work of Thomas & Andrew Scott: The British Parasitic Copepoda. Vol. I—II (1913), excepting as to a few points within the family Lernzeopodidee. A couple of genera parasitic on Annelida (Selioides Lev., Sabellacheres M. Sars) and not found in the works mentioned are inserted where they seem to have their nearest relatives; the genus Tanypleurus Stp. & Itk., which is imperfectly known, is, in spite of sharp differences, put at the end of the Chondracanthidee as its probably nearest relations. C. B. Wilson’s valuable revisions of several families are, CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. | Go of course, everywhere used and quoted. — A few genera remain, viz. two genera of the family Herpyllobiide, the very anomalous endoparasite Crypsidomus Lev. and the enigmatic Psilomallus Kr.; they are placed at the end of the paper. Not the slightest attempt of reform as to families or genera has been made. The material contain certainly a good number of new species, but only two among them differ so much from previously known forms, that it is necessary to establish new genera for their reception. And the number of genera represented in the material of any family or large division is much too small to make any attempt in classification. Un- fortunately the quantity and quality of the specimens of several specimens established as new is unsatis- factory, as frequently only a single female or male was found, and such specimens even sometimes mutilated, with the result that the descriptions, especially of some Asterocheride, are not as complete as desirable; I think, however, that it will always be possible to recognize the species established as new with absolute certainty. (Two species are completely omitted; one among them is represented by a single tiny and probably not adult specimen belonging to the semi-parasites and very different from any genus seen by me either in nature or in literature; the other form is endoparasitic within an Ophiurid and ovisacs were found, but the quality of the material was such that it was deemed completely impossible to study and make known the parasite.) As to the bathymetrical occurrence it may be said here, that some species of Asterocheridee and Notodelphyoida have been found in sifted bottom material secured by the “Ingolf”’ in considerable depths, between 300 and 600 fathoms, and three species among the Asterocheridee even from 1199 or 1435 fathoms. It is of course impossible to decide whether the animals in question in every case lived at the bottom, or perhaps sometimes have been captured in the trawl (or dredge) while it was hauled upwards; I am apt to think that at least in most cases the animals lived really at the bottom, and if so our knowledge of the bathy- metrical occurrence of members of these groups has been very considerably increased by the “Ingolf’’. The geographical distribution of most of the species dealt with in the present paper is still very fragmentary. The records in the literature are too few'; many species of parasites are far from common, and besides the inspection of fishes, Annelida, Malacostraca, etc. for finding parasites in hidden places has been too much neglected by zoologists or collectors. Furthermore the determinations in the literature are not always trustworthy; in some cases the figures or descriptions given by authors show differences from the animals seen by me of such a character that it is impossible to decide whether they are due to specific differ- ence, to variation, or sometimes to oversights or inaccuracies by the authors. Especially the Asterocheridee are frequently difficult to examine, and often so very few specimens have been seen by the authors that deficiencies in our knowledge especially as to variation were unavoidable. Before concluding these introductory remarks I beg Prof. Dr. T. Odhner accept my sincere thanks for having lent me the material of the Copepoda living on Annelids belonging to the Riksmuseum, Stockholm. 1 It may be expressly said that A. Brian’s work: Copepodi parassiti dei Pesci d'Italia. 4to. Genova, 1906, has not been accessible to me. [* 4 CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. Division Harpacticoida. No form of this gigantic division is known to be parasitic. But as Kroyer has described a species found on the branchiz of a large shrimp from Greenland, it may be convenient to give some information on that animal. Machairopus Hippolytes Kr. 1863. Canthocamptus? Hippolytes Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskr. 3. Rekke, B. II, p. 408, Tab. XVIII, fig. 9, a—b Kroyer established this species on a few specimens taken on the branchize of Spivontocaris groenlan- dica J. C. Fabr. (Aippolyte aculeata O. Fabr., Kroyer). His description and figures are too imperfect for allowing the recognition of the form, but the Copenhagen Museum possesses two of his specimens moderately well preserved. The examination proved that the animal belongs to the genus Machairopus Brady, and the species is closely allied to M. minutus G.O.S. I have been unable to find any difference of undoubtedly specific value in the antennule, antenne, maxille, maxillipeds and thoracic legs, excepting first pair of legs. But in this leg the exopod is conspicuously shorter in proportion to the endopod than in M. minutus and does not reach the end of the proximal joint of the last-named ramus, while the partly curious setee on both rami are very similar to Sars’ figure; in the maxillule the two extremely long terminal sete are longer than in Sars’ figure and, what is more important, one of the lobes has a very long, distally much curved seta directed backwards and inwards and reaching almost the insertion of the maxilliped on the opposite half of the ventral side, and this seta is not shown by Sars. There may be some other differences in the maxillule and perhaps in the mandibles, but more could not be perceived in these mouth-parts or in any other appendage without a dissection which I would not attempt, as the specimens are not only very small co-types, but besides fragile, as they are very old. One of the specimens is 0.85 mm. long, thus a little larger than M. minutus. The specimens found by Kroyer have probably been introduced quite occasionally into the branchial cavity of the Spivontocaris; it is to be supposed that specimens can be gathered between algze at West Green- land, and then a comparison with Kréyer’s co-types and a special investigation and comparison with M. mz- nutus may be undertaken. Division Cyclopoida. Cyclopina Claus. This genus is mentioned, because a single new species has been found in Ascidians, and even at two localities. The material of free-living Copepoda has not been looked through for finding other forms of the genus or of the family Cyclopinidee sens. Sars. 1. Cyclopina Phallusiz n. sp. (Pl. I, figs. 1 a—r i.) Female. — Rather allied to C. gracilis Claus and C. longicornis Boeck. It differs from all other species known in having the first thoracic segment marked off moderately distinctly from the head. The head (fig. I a) is flattened and therefore seemingly laterally expanded, being considerably broader than the first thoracic segment, which is considerably shorter than the second. — Genital segment distinctly longer than broad, CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. Un about as long as the three posterior segments combined; last segment about as long as broad and a good deal longer than the preceding one. Caudal rami a little shorter than the genital segment, with the seta on the outer margin behind the middle. Antennule about as long as the head and composed of 7 joints (fig. I b); third joint much the longest, about as long as the three following joints combined; fourth and fifth joint very short, sixth and seventh moderately long, subequal in length and together nearly longer than the four following joints combined. — Antenne (fig. 1 c) differ from those in all other northern species in having the third joint somewhat longer than the fourth; the terminal seteze are much shorter than usual, and one among them is in reality a somewhat small, spiniform and very curved hook. — Mandibles (fig. 1d), maxillule (fig. re), maxille (fig. 1 f) and maxillipeds (fig. 1 g) exhibit minor differences from those in allied forms excellently figured by Sars. — Fourth pair of thoracic legs (fig. 1 h) possesses on the outer side of third joint of the exopod 2 spines, and besides the usual much longer terminal spine. — Fifth legs (fig. 11) biarticulate; first joint very expanded outwards; second joint oblong-ovate, much longer and much narrower than the first, with 2 terminal setze and I seta on each lateral margin, but without spines. The ovisacs are large and very oblong, with a large number of somewhat small eggs. Length 2.2 mm.; an ovisac is 0.83 mm. long and 0.37 mm. broad. Remarks. The general aspect of the head and anterior thoracic segments in the two specimens seen shows that the animals are not free-living. It is surprising that a species of the genus Cyclopina lives within Ascidians; consequently I asked my old friend Prof. G. O. Sars, if he, who recently published an excellent account of the Norwegian forms, had met with any such thing in the literature; he answered that it was quite new and very interesting. C. Phallusia is instantly separated from all other species by the joints in the antennule, and above all by having the penultimate joints in the antenne conspicuously longer than the terminal one; the ovisacs contain a much higher number of eggs than in any other northern species. Occurrence. — Not taken by the “Ingolf’’, but secured by two Danish zoologists. Feroes: Vestmanhavn. In Phallusia obliqua, June 18, 1906. Mag. sc. R. Horring. 1 female. South-West of the Feeroes: Lat. 61°49’ N., Long. 14°11’ W. In Phallusia obliqua. Young-fish trawl, 800 m. wire out. Sept. 2, 1904. “Thor” (Dr. J. Schmidt). 1 female. Ascomyzon Thorell. Of this large genus 5 species are found in the material, but only 2 among them could be determined. The new forms are small and hauled up from considerable or great depths. 2. Ascomyzon asterocheres G. O. S. 1859. Asterocheres Lilljeborgi Boeck, Forh. Vid. Selsk. Christiania for 1859, p. 6, Pl. II. !1915. Ascomyzon asterocheres G. O. Sars, Account, Vol. VI, p. 85, Pl. LI & LIL. Occurrence. — This species has been gathered by the “Ingolf’’ at a single station. Davis Strait: Stat. 29: Lat. 65°34’ N., Long. 54°31’ W., 68 fathoms, temp. 0°2; 3 specimens on a specimen of Cribrella sanguinolenta O. F. Mull. 6 CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. Among the 3 specimens one is an ovigerous female placed on the lower side of the disk of the Asterid, another ovigerous female is found between two arms, and the third, a female without ovisacs, is fallen off. The last-named specimen has been investigated; it agrees on the whole well with Sars’ figures, excepting that the postero-lateral angles of the head and of the two anterior free thoracic segments are a little more produced. Distribution. — Taken by Boeck and Sars at the south coast and off the west coast of Norway. According to the somewhat intricate synonymy elucidated by Giesbrecht and Sars, the species has been noted by Brady from Ireland and by Scott and Giesbrecht from Firth of Forth, Firth of Clyde and Loch Fyne. 3. Ascomyzon Boecki Brady. 1880. Artotrogus Boecki Brady, Mon. Brit. Copep. Vol. III, p. 60, Pl. XCI, figs. r—9. !19q15. Ascomyzon — G.O.Sars, Account, Vol. VI, p. 88, Pl. LIV. Occurrence. — Not taken by the “Ingolf”’, but by Mag. sc. W. Lundbeck at the following place. North-West Iceland: Talknafjord, 14 feet, ooze with much vegetation, July 4, 1899. 5 females. Distribution. — Taken at Bukken, SW. coast of Norway, and at Rau6, west coast of Norway (G. O. Sars). Furthermore noted from Ireland (Brady), from the Island of Man (Thompson) and from Firth of Forth on Chalina oculata (Th. Scott). Finally near Hope Island (south-east of Spitzbergen), 27 fath. (Th. Scott). Giesbrecht’s statement on its occurrence at Naples is considered doubtful by Sars. 4. Ascomyzon intermedium n. sp. (Pl. I, figs. 2 a—2 g.) Female. — Moderately broad; head about as broad as the length of first thoracic segment and head together. Posterior corners of the thoracic segments angular, scarcely rounded, not produced; third segment seen from above very short. — Genital segment (fig. 2 b) more narrow than in any described species, one- fourth as long again as broad, and the part in advance of the genital aperture is even slightly narrower than the front end of the posterior part; second abdominal segment considerably shorter than the third which is almost as long as broad; caudal rami with their outer margin decidedly longer than their breadth and slightly shorter than second abdominal segment. Antennulee with 20 joints, and as to the relative length of these joints so similar to those of the follow- ing species, A. tenerum, that the drawing (fig. 3 d) of this species is deemed almost sufficient; eleventh to seventeenth joint from considerably to very much longer than broad; eleventh joint rather long; from eleventh to fourteenth the joints decrease a little in length; fifteenth as long as eleventh; sixteenth (fig. 2 c) distinctly longer than fifteenth and somewhat shorter than seventeenth, which is slightly longer than the three distal joints together and four times as long as thick. — Antenne (fig. 2 d) somewhat slender; terminal spine as long as the two distal joints together. — The sipho shaped nearly as in A. datum (comp. the figure on pl. LVI in Sars’ Account) and reaches beyond the base of first legs. — Maxillule (fig. 2 e) with the inner branch moderately robust and with 3 of its terminal sete a little to considerably longer than the branch; outer branch slender and short, only about one-fourth as long as the inner one, but at least one of its terminal setee reaches CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. 7 much beyond the end of the inner branch. — Maxille (fig. 2 f) rather slender; dactylus with claw much curved. — Maxillipeds (fig. 2 g) rather slender; dactylus with claw only a little longer than the basal part, and the claw considerably longer than the dactylus. (Fifth legs lost). Length 0.86 mm. Remarks. — A. intermedium is abundantly distinguished from every species figured by Giesbrecht and Sars by the relative length of the ten distal joints in the slender antennule, together with the maxillule, the narrow genital segment, the relative length of the other abdominal segments and the caudal rami. ‘The differences between this species and the two following forms are pointed out below. Occurrence. — Taken by the “Ingolf’”’ at a single station. Davis Strait: Stat. 25: Lat. 63°30’ N., Long. 54°25’ W., 582 fathoms, temp. 3°3; I female. 5. Ascomyzon tenerum n. sp. (Pl. I, figs. 3 a—3 k.) Female. — Cephalothorax (fig. 3 a) conspicuously less broad than in the preceding form, and more slender than in any European species. Head slightly broader than long; the three thoracic segments with the lateral margins convex and the postero-lateral corners rounded; third segment well developed, some- what long. — Genital segment (fig. 3 b) moderately narrow, somewhat longer than broad and broadest in front of the genital apertures. Second abdominal segment somewhat broader than long, a little longer than third segment; caudal rami as broad as long, with the outer margin a little shorter than the terminal segment. Antennulee (fig. 3 c) 20-jointed; the ten distal joints slender, eleventh to seventeenth joint consider- ably to very much longer than broad and rather unequal in length; eleventh joint rather long; from eleventh to fourteenth the joints decrease, and from the last-named to seventeenth they increase considerably in length, so that the seventeenth joint, which is four and a half times as long as thick, is as long as thirteenth and four- teenth together or as the eighteenth to twentieth together. — Antenne (fig. 3c) long and very slender; terminal spine somewhat or considerably longer than the two distal joints together. — Sipho (fig. 3 c) reaches beyond the insertion of first legs or beyond that of second legs, and it is shaped nearly as in A. latwm figured by Sars. — Maxillule (fig. 3 c) with the inner branch long and slender, and three among its four terminal setee nearly half as long again as the branch; outer branch very small and thin, only a little more than one- fifth as long as the inner, while its longest terminal seta reaches about to the end of the inner branch. — Maxille (fig. 3c) slender; dactylus with claw not half as long again as the proximal part. — Maxillipeds (fig. 3 c) long and very slender; claw more than half as long again as the dactylus. — Fifth legs (fig. 3 e) very oblong, only with the 2 terminal sete. Length I mm. Male. — As usual more slender than the female and differing in the antennule, the maxillipeds, and the abdominal segments. — Genital segment (fig. 3 k) from scarcely as broad as to slightly broader than long, with a small tooth on each postero-lateral angle. Last segment somewhat broader than long, slightly shorter than the two preceding segments together. Caudal rami a little longer than broad, and their outer margin distinctly shorter than that of the last segment. 8 CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. It. Antennule (fig. 3 f) 17-jointed; eleventh to seventeenth joint together half as long again as the sum of the ten proximal joints; eleventh joint as long as, but much thicker than, the sixteenth very slender joint, and distinctly shorter than the very long fifteenth joint, while the fourteenth is short, as broad as long, the thirteenth somewhat longer and besides somewhat thick. — Maxillipeds (fig. 3 1) more slender than in the female and with a triangular protuberance on the distal joint of the proximal portion somewhat from its base. Length 0.85 mm. Remarks. — The female of A. tenerum differs from A. intermedium in having the cephalothorax rather oblong, the antenne, maxillule, maxille, and maxillipeds more elongated and slender, with the ter- minal spine or claw, or in the maxillule the terminal setee of the inner branch, conspicuously or even con- siderably longer than in that species, finally by the relative dimensions of the abdominal segments. The male is instantly separated from all other males hitherto described by the relative length of the joints in the antennule. Occurrence. — Gathered by the “Ingolf’’ at a single station. Davis Strait: Stat. 25: Lat. 63°30’ N., Long. 54°25’ W., 582 fathoms, temp. 3°3; 5 females, 3 males. 6. Ascomyzon abyssi n. sp. (Pl. I, figs. 4 a—4 d.) Male. — A single mutilated specimen is to hand; it is allied and rather similar to the male of A. tene- vum, but differs in some particulars. Genital segment (fig. 4d) larger than in A. tenerum, as long as broad. Last segment nearly as long as broad, and somewhat longer than the two preceding segments together. Caudal rami slightly longer at the outer margin than broad, and much shorter than the terminal segment. Antennulee probably 17-jointed, but only 15 joints are preserved (fig. 4 a); eleventh joint somewhat longer than the next, but considerably shorter and thicker than in A. tenerum, conspicuously less than half as long again as broad, while in A. tenerum it is twice or more than twice as long as broad; fifteenth joint more than half as long again as eleventh and conspicuously longer than fourteenth and thirteenth joints together. — Antenne (fig. 4 b) with the terminal spine only as long as the penultimate joint. — Sipho (fig. 4 b) reaches only slightly beyond the insertion of the maxillipeds. — Maxillule (fig. 4 b) with the inner branch less elongated and broader than in A. tenerum, but its terminal setee half as long again as the branch; outer branch about one-third as long as the inner, but two of the terminal setee reach beyond its end. — Maxillee (fig. 4b) and mavxillipeds (fig. 4c) with the terminal claw less elongated than in A. tenerum. Length 0.88 mm. Remarks. — Instantly separated from the male of A, tenerum by the eleventh to fifteenth joint in the antennule, and by the abdominal segments. Occurrence. — Taken by the “Ingolf” at a single deep station. Davis Strait: Stat. 36: Lat. 61°50’ N., Long. 56°21’ W., 1435 fathoms, temp. 1°5; I male. CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. 9 Dermatomyzon Claus. Only a single species has been found within our area. 7, Dermatomyzon nigripes Brady. 1880. Cyclopicera mgripes Brady, Mon. Brit. Copep. Vol. III, p. 54, Pl. LXXXIX, figs. I—IT. 1899. Dermatomyzon — Giesbrecht, Asterocheriden, p. 7, 77, 101; Taf. 1, Fig. 4; Taf. 5, Fig. i—14. !IQt5. — — G. O. Sars, Account, Vol. VI, p. 95, Pls. LIX & LX. Occurrence. — Not taken by the “Ingolf’”’, but by Dr. F. Borgesen in May 1808. Feroes: Glyvenzs near Thorshavn, Strém6; 4 adult females. Distribution. — “Not unfrequently along the whole Norwegian coast, from the upper part of the Christiania Fjord to Vads6, in moderate depths” (G. O. Sars). Recorded from the Norway Islands at Spitz- bergen, between algze (G. O. Sars), from lat. 76°17’ N., long. 21°36’ E.., 60 fath. (Th. Scott), and from Franz Joseph Land off Hast Glacier, Cape Flora (Th. Scott). At Great Britain found in many places and in moderate depths, from Shetland to the Channel, f. inst. near Plymouth (various authors), finally at Naples (Giesbrecht). — Whether D. elegans Claus from Triest (Claus) and Pas de Calais (Canu) is the same species the future must decide. Scottocheres Giesbrecht. Of this genus only a single form has been captured. 8. Scottocheres gracilis n. sp. (PL. I, figs. 5 a—5 d.) Female. — This species is similar and closely allied to S. longifurca Giesb., but differs from Gies- brecht’s representation in some particulars. — Head and thoracic segments nearly as in S. longifurca. — Genital segment (fig.5d) more narrow than in that species, being half as long again as broad, and the anterior broader part is very much shorter than the part behind the lateral teeth, as these originate slightly behind the end of the anterior third of the segment, while in S. longifurca they are placed slightly before the middle; finally each lateral tooth has on the interior margin an angular protuberance wanting in the other species. Second abdominal segment (fig. 5 d) not half as long as the first and nearly half as long again as the third, which is very slightly broader than long, thus more slender than in S. longifuvca. Caudal rami slightly more than twice as long as the terminal segment and slightly shorter than second and third segments combined, five times as long as broad, thus longer and more slender than in S. longifurca. Antennule (fig. 5 a) agree with those in S. elongatus and differ from S. longifurca in having third and fourth joints completely fused; the eight distal joints are proportionately more slender and longer than in S. longifurca as figured by Giesbrecht. — The length of the sipho, maxille (fig. 5 b), and maxillipeds (fig. 5 c) nearly as in that species; the same is the case with the setee on the endopod of third legs. In the specimen the left fifth leg preserved reaches conspicuously beyond the lateral tooth of the genital segment, while in Gies- brecht’s figure these legs terminate somewhat before the base of these teeth. Length 1.05 mm. The Ingolf-Expedition. III. 7. 2 IO CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. Remarks. — The differences pointed out between my single specimen and Giesbrecht’s figure and description of S. longifurca are so conspicuous that it is deemed necessary to establish the new species. Occurrence. — Taken by the “Ingolf’”’ at a single deep station. South-West of Iceland: Stat. 78: Lat. 60°37’ N., Long. 27°52’ W., 799 fathoms, temp. 4°5; I specimen. Acontiophorus Brady. Of this fine genus not only the two species known from Great Britain and Norway have been found in our area, but it has even been necessary to establish a third species from very deep water. g. Acontiophorus ornatus Brady & Robertson. (Pin tiesOvas) 1876. Ascomyzon ornatum Brady & Robertson, Brit. Assoc. Report for 1875, p. 197 [test. Brady]. 1880. Acontiophorus ornatus Brady, Mon. Brit. Copep. Vol. III, p. 71, Pl. LXX XVII, figs. 8—15. 1899. -— — Giesbrecht, Asterocheriden, p. 14, 82, 104; Taf. 4, Fig. 29—34. !1g2r. —- — G.O. Sars, Account, Vol. VII, p. 109, Pl. LX XII. An exceedingly large female, measuring 2.26 mm. to the end of the caudal rami, agrees in most features well with the descriptions and figures published by Sars and Giesbrecht. The antennule (fig. 6 a) contain exactly the same number of joints as stated by these authors, and the relative length of the joints is char- acteristic; besides antennee, maxille and maxillipeds agree completely with the figures quoted. The only differences observed are the following. The two anterior thoracic segments have the posterior margin rather concave, as the lateral parts of each segment is produced somewhat backwards and the posterior corner is a rather acute angle; third segment has the broad median part of the posterior margin very concave, while the lateral part of the segment is not produced backwards but directed outwards, and each postero-lateral corner is distinctly rounded. — Fifth pair of legs agrees excellently with Brady’s drawing (I. c. fig. 15), as the rather broad end has 2 setee, the outer (anterior) margin has a single seta and the inner (posterior) margin 2 setee, while in Giesbrecht’s and Sars’ figures of this leg the rather produced end is much more narrow with a single seta, and the inner margin has 3 sete. Occurrence. — Taken by the “Ingolf” at a single deep-sea station. Davis Strait: Stat. 24: Lat. 63°06’ N., Long. 56°00’ W., 1199 fathoms, temp. 2°4; I female. Distribution. — Ris6ér, southern coast of Norway (G. O. Sars); east coast of England near Scar- borough (Brady); finally in the Mediterranean at Naples (Giesbrecht) and at Triest (Claus). ro. Acontiophorus scutatus Brady & Robertson. 1873. Solenostoma scutatum Brady & Robertson, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 4, Vol. XII, p. 141. 1880. Acontiophorus scutatus Brady, Mon. Brit. Copep. Vol. III, p. 69, Pl. XC, figs. 1—1O0. 1892. — — Canu, Travaux Labor. Zool. Maritime de Wimereux-Ambleteuse, Vol. VI, p. 271, Pl. XXIX, figs. i—4. 11899. — — Giesbrecht, Asterocheriden, p.14, 81, 104; Taf.1, Fig. 5; Taf. IV, Fig. 3552. !IQT5. — — G.O. Sars, Account, Vol. VI, p. 120, Pl. L-XVII. CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. Ir Occurrence. — Not taken by the “Ingolf”’, but by Dr. F. Borgesen in May 1808. Feeroes: Glyvenes near Thorshavn, Strdm6; 1 female. Distribution. — West coast of Norway at Aalesund, Io fath., and at Kalvaag (G. O. Sars) ; “distri- buted round the British Islands’’, both in surface-net during night and dredged, down to forty fathoms (Brady) ; Wimereux and Pas-de-Calais, in low water (Canu); in the Mediterranean at Triest (Claus) and at Naples (Giesbrecht). — G. M. Thompson’s statement (1883) that this species occurs in Otago Harbour, New Zealand, is most probably wrong. 11. Acontiophorus antennatus n. sp. (Pl. I, figs. 7 a—7 d.) Female. — This species is closely allied to A. scutatus, but differs in a few particulars. Two spe- cimens are to hand, the large one 1.23 mm. long (caudal rami included), thus somewhat larger than A. scutatus, while the other specimen is 0.79 mm. — Antennule with 11 joints and completely as in A. scutatus, excepting that the distal sensory filament preserved (in the large specimen) is considerably longer than the whole antennula. — The antenne differ materially from those in A. scutatus; in the inner ramus the second joint is from about half as long again to twice as long (fig. 7 b) as the first, and near the end with about 4 spines instead of setze; the outer ramus is long and reaches far beyond the middle of second joint of the other ramus; the peduncle has a few setae somewhat from the end. — Sipho considerably shorter than in A. scutatus, as in the large specimen it reaches to the middle of the genital segment, in the small specimen scarcely to the base of that segment. — Maxille (fig. 7c), maxillipeds (fig. 7 d), and the other appendages do not seem to show any appreciable difference from those in A. scutatus. — Caudal rami in the small specimen scarcely as long as third plus half of second abdominal segment, and each ramus is only two and a half times as long as broad; in the large specimen the rami are elongated (fig. 7 a), as long as the two posterior segments together, and each ramus is only a little less than five times as long as broad. Remarks. — It is only after prolonged hesitation that this species is established. Giesbrecht has pointed out some variation in A. scutatus, but the fact that the sipho is considerably shorter than in A. scu- tatus, together with the striking differences in the antennee make the reference of the two specimens to A. scu- tatus rather difficult. The strong difference in length and slenderness of the caudal rami between the two specimens is curious, but may be due to age. Occurrence. — Taken by the “Ingolf’”’ at a single deep station. Davis Strait: Stat. 36: Lat. 61°50’ N., Long. 56°21’ W., 1435 fathoms, temp. 1°5; 2 females. Metapontius n. gen. Cephalothorax in the female greatly expanded, in the male considerably more narrow; the head in the female exceedingly large with the postero-lateral corners nearly rectangular and not produced, while third and fourth segments are very short, and the sternite of the fourth is extremely short. — Abdomen short with the genital segment of very moderate breadth; caudal rami rather large. Antennulz proportionately somewhat short, in the female with 14, in the male with 17 joints. — An- tennee robust, 4-jointed as usual, with thick distal spines; an exopod not discovered (? wanting or rudimentary). 2* I2 i CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. — Sipho nearly pear-shaped, without suctorial tube, reaching to the base of the maxillipeds. — Maxillulee with both rami moderately short, the outer slightly longer than the inner. — Maxille unusually robust; maxillipeds robust, especially in the female. — First pair of legs with the exopod very broad, its terminal joint with 5 setee and 3 very broad spines; fourth pair of legs with the exopod well developed, normal, while the endopod is quite small, 2-jointed. Fifth pair of legs only rudimentary knots. Remarks. — The present genus, established on a single new species, agrees with Avrctopontius in several features, especially in the reduced state of the endopod of fourth legs, the rudimentary state of fifth legs, and the strongly built maxilla and maxillipeds, but it differs sharply in some characters, viz. the anten- nule have a much higher number of joints, the sipho has no terminal tube, the genital segment is only moder- ately expanded, finally the antennez and maxillule show minor differences. 12. Metapontius latispinis n. sp. (Pl. I, figs. 8 a—8 1.) Female. — Cephalothorax about as broad as long (the specimen drawn in fig. 8 a was a little pressed). Head four times as long as the free thoracic segments combined, with the postero-lateral angles not produced ; these angles are not produced on the first, but a little on second segment. — Abdomen (the caudal rami not included) scarcely one-third as long as the cephalothorax. Genital segment (fig. 8 b) somewhat broader than long; second and third segments short, together slightly longer than the terminal segment, which is distinctly broader than long. Caudal rami (fig. 8 b) broad, lamellar, and as long as the two posterior segments combined. Antennulee (fig. 8 c) 14-jointed ; second to eighth joint subequal in length; ninth joint as long as seventh and eighth together, tenth considerably shorter than the ninth; the joints increase gradually in length from the tenth to the thirteenth, while the terminal joint is almost as long as the three preceding joints together and shows the vestige of a division at the middle. — Antenne (fig. 8 c) with second and third joints propor- tionately short, each much shorter than the fourth joint, which has a very strong lateral spine and 2 terminal spines, one among them very thick. — Sipho (fig. 8 c) a little more than twice as long as broad. — Maxillee (fig. 8 d) extremely robust; dactylus with claw a little longer than the proximal part, distally very curved and with a minute protuberance on the concave margin. — Maxillipeds (fig. 8 e) strong; dactylus about half as long again as the claw, and its terminal spine at the base of the claw short and extremely broad. — The spines on the natatory legs are very broad; the exopod of first pair (fig. 8 f) considerably longer and much broader than the endopod, especially its third joint is very large. The endopod of fourth pair of legs (fig. 8 g) only slightly more than one-third as long as the exopod, and its second joint is twice as long as the first. Length 1.07 mm. (caudal rami included). Male. — Cephalothorax (fig. 8h) much less broad than in the female, a little less than half as long again as broad. Head about twice as long as the thoracic segments combined, and these as long as the abdomen without caudal rami. Antennulee (fig. 8 i) 17-jointed; second to ninth joint very short, tenth joint a little longer than the three preceding joints combined, twelfth joint considerably shorter than the tenth and somewhat longer than CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. TS, the eleventh, with a long and strong spine and two sensory filaments, while seventh to eleventh joint each with a single similar filament. The two distal joints equal in length, each as long as fourteenth and fifteenth joint together. Length 0.75 mm. Occurrence. — Taken by the “Ingolf” at a single station. North-West of the Feeroes: Stat. 138: Lat. 63°26’ N., Long. 7°56’ W., 471 fathoms, temp. ~ 0°6; I female, 1 male. Arctopontius G. O. Sars. The single species of this genus has been found in the “Ingolf’’ area. 13. Arctopontius expansus G. O. Sars. (Pl. II, figs. 1 a—z d.) 1915. Arctopontius expansus G.O. Sars, Account, Vol. VI, p. 122, Pl. | XXII. A single ovigerous female (fig. 1 a) differs in general outline somewhat from Sars’ figure in looking shorter in proportion to breadth, but at a closer examination it is observed that the difference is due to the fact that in my specimen the posterior thoracic and especially the anterior abdominal segments are con- siderably more telescoped, and the abdomen besides not horizontal but directed somewhat downwards, so that the segments seem to be shorter than they really are, but it was impossible to alter that direction without running some risk. The antennule, the maxille (fig. 1 b), the maxillipeds (fig. 1 c) and the very character- istic fourth pair of legs (fig. 1d) show very close agreement with Sars’ drawings, so that no doubt as the identification remains. (Only two small points may be mentioned, viz. that Sars figures the terminal thick seta on the antennz somewhat shorter than it is in my specimen, and that the four distal setae on third joint of the exopod of fourth legs are somewhat longer in my specimen than shown by Sars, but in some cases I have observed that Sars has drawn such sete a little too short). The right ovisac is preserved; it is nearly globular and, as indicated by a dotted line on the figure, placed on the lower side of the thoracic segments, a feature giving the very broad animal a considerable super- ficial resemblance to the semiglobular Avtotrogus orbicularis Boeck. Length 1.76 mm. Occurrence. — Not gathered by the “Ingolf”’ but by the “Fylla’’ (Theodor Holm), July 18, 1884. Davis Strait: Lat. 67°41’ N., Long. 54°28’ W., 32 fathoms, stones without alge; 1 female. Distribution. — Only two specimens were known, both from Hammerfest, western Finmark, about 20 fath. (G. O. Sars). Bradypontius Giesbr. To this genus 4 species from the “Ingolf’’ area are referred, and all apparently new to science. Three of these forms are typical members of the genus as circumscribed by Sars, while the fourth species differs in having the fifth pair of legs much more developed, but nevertheless I find it most convenient to refer it provi- sionally to Bradypontius, until more knowledge has been obtained. The material is insufficient, as only a I4 CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. single specimen of each of the three species is to hand; besides the quality of the specimens was not very good. I hope, however, that the following descriptions with figures are fully sufficient for making the forms easily recognisable with absolute certainty, especially as the distal part of dactylus with claw of the maxillipeds affords excellent specific characters in showing — under a rather high magnifying power — great differences in the equipment with minutes spines, tubercles, etc. I have also arrived at the result that forms referred to the same species by different authors are in some cases scarcely identical, and that a revision based on a large material from many localities far from each other is much needed. 14. Bradypontius groenlandicus 2. sp. (Pl. II, figs. 2 a—z2 m). Female. — Cephalothorax a little less than half as long again as broad. The head more than three and a half times as long as the free thoracic segments combined, with the postero-lateral corners somewhat produced but rounded, and anteriorly no dorsal crest. The corners of the free thoracic segments much pro- duced (fig. 2 a), acute; third segment very short, and its posterior angles reach about or not fully as far back- wards as those of second segment. — Genital segment (fig. 2 b) somewhat less than twice as broad as long; the two following segments short, together about as long as the terminal segment, which is conspicuously broader than long. Caudal rami about as long as the terminal segment, broad. Antennulee (fig. 2 c) somewhat less than half as long as the head, with 11 joints; the second joint is rather short, the third as long as the three following joints combined, the fifth as long as the sum of fourth and sixth, seventh joint slightly longer than the fifth and considerably longer than the eighth which is a little shorter than ninth and tenth joint together; eleventh joint slightly longer than the three preceding joints combined. — Antennee (fig. 2 d) slender; terminal joint somewhat longer than the third, and its middle apical seta is long. — Sipho reaches to the middle of the sternite of second free segment; its proximal part is some- what slender as in B. magniceps as figured by Sars. — Maxillulee (fig. 2 e) slender, with the inner branch considerably longer than the outer, and the terminal seta of the first-named branch is long (though its distal part is lost); the terminal setee on the outer branch long, but the longest one is broken. — Maxillee (fig. 2 f) have the dactylus with claw slender and somewhat longer than the proximal portion; the claw is somewhat long with a close row of tiny spines along somewhat less than the proximal half of its concave margin (fig. 2g), and on the proximal half of one of its sides with a close row of tiny triangular denticles; the distal part of the dactylus has a rather long lateral spine about as far before the claw as the length of the latter, furthermore a little before the long spine a short, tumid spine on the other side of the dactylus near its concave margin, and finally somewhat beyond the long spine and on the same side a rounded protuberance with a number of tiny, slender denticles. — Maxillipeds (fig. 2 h) normal; the claw as long as the dactylus; which consists of three joints. — Fourth pair of legs (fig. 2 1) with the endopod only about as long as the two proximal joints together of the exopod, but its joints are conspicuously broader than in any of the Norwegian species figured by Sars. — Fifth legs is a minute joint as broad as long, with three bristles. Length 2.25 mm. Male. — Cephalothorax (fig. 2k) more slender than in the female, about two-thirds as long again CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. 15 as broad. Third free segment covered excepting the postero-lateral corners, which are far from reaching the end of those from second segment. Antennule (fig. 21) scarcely half as long as the head, 13-jointed. Third joint about as long as the five following joints together; tenth joint longer than the sum of the four preceding joints, with three spines on the outer margin, the first of very moderate length and the two others short and robust; eleventh joint slightly longer than the thirteenth, and both these together about as long as the twelfth. One sensory filament on the second, fourth, sixth, seventh, eighth and ninth joint, 3 similar filaments on the third, and 2 on tenth joint. — Fourth pair of legs (fig. 2 m) shows conspicuously less difference in length and breadth of the joints respectively in the endopod and the exopod than in the female, as the endopod is proportionately more devel- oped, and it terminates in a thick and very curved spine. Length scarcely 2 mm. Remarks. — This species is allied to Bradypontius major established and figured by Sars, but the female differs in being somewhat smaller, without dorsal crest in front, in having only 11 joints in the anten- nul while 13 are found in B. major; furthermore the claw of the maxillipeds is proportionately longer than in B. major, while the dactylus of the maxillee is more slender, but unfortunately Sars has not specially in- vestigated the equipment with spinules ete. of the dactylus and the claw. The male differs very considerably from that of B. major both in the armature of tenth joint of the antennulee and in the shape and distal equip- ment of the terminal joint of the endopod in fourth legs. Occurrence. — Taken by the “Ingolf’’ at a single station. Davis Strait: Stat..32: Lat. 66°35’ N., Long. 56°38’ W., 318 fathoms, temp. 3°9; 2 females, 3 males. 15. Bradypontius dentatus n. sp. (Pl. II, figs. 3 a—3 e). Female. — Only a single specimen with several among the appendages mutilated is to hand. It is allied to, but considerably smaller than, B. caudatus G. O. Sars, and it may nearly be sufficient to point out the differences observed. The head is somewhat more narrow (fig. 3 a); the frontal crista is broad, and the postero-lateral corners distinctly more produced, acute. The three anterior free segments have their lateral parts produced extremely backwards into very oblong lobes, which are proportionately somewhat or considerably longer than in B. caudatus (fig. 3 a shows the anomaly that the right lobe of first segment is much shorter than the left and certainly misshaped). — Abdomen proportionately slightly shorter than in B. caudatus, second and third segment being rather short, each much shorter than the fourth, which is a little broader than long and as long as the caudal rami. Antennule (fig. 3 b) with ro distinct joints, and an eleventh is indistinctly indicated towards the distal end of the third joint. When not counting that indistinct joint the fifth joint is more than twice as long as the fourth and somewhat shorter than the seventh; the eighth and the ninth joint both somewhat shorter than the seventh and together distinctly shorter than the terminal joint; in B. caudatus the joint answering to the seventh in B. dentatus is divided into two well developed, shorter joints. — The antenne differ from 16 CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. those in B. caudatus in having the terminal joint only a little longer than the third; besides one of the terminal setee is rather long, the other quite short. — The sipho reaches about to the middle of first free segment, is consequently longer than in B. caudatus. — In the maxillule the outer ramus is considerably longer than the inner, and one of its terminal spines seems to be longer than the ramus and only somewhat shorter than the other terminal spine; inner ramus with its terminal bristle longer than in B. caudatus. — Maxille (fig. 3 c) with the dactylus somewhat longer than the proximal portion, slender; the adornment towards its end (fig. 3 d) is most peculiar, showing a rather long lateral spine and slightly beyond its insertion a marginal tooth, further- more a lateral row of teeth beginning near the middle of the spine, terminating beyond its end, and the teeth increase gradually in size in the distal direction; on the most distal part of the dactylus is seen a longitudinal lateral row of triangular teeth, and besides a short row of 5 spines close together on the margin, while the claw does not show any adornment; in B. caudatus the spine and the marginal tooth are drawn by Sars, but his figure does not allow a closer comparison. — Maxillipeds (fig. 3 f) differ from those in B. caudatus in having the claw much longer than the preceding joint, while in that species the claw is slightly longer than the unusually long terminal joint. (The natatory legs are so mutilated that a comparison is impossible.) Length 2.29 mm. Occurrence. — Taken by the “Ingolf’”’ at a single station. Denmark Strait: Stat. 90: Lat. 64°45’ N., Long. 29°06’ W., 568 fathoms, temp. 4°4; 1 female. 16. Bradypontius unidens n. sp. (Pl. II, figs. 4 a—4 g.) Male. — Cephalothorax twice as long as abdomen, caudal rami included (fig. 4a). Head some- what more than twice as long as the thoracic segments and somewhat broader than long, with the postero- lateral corners very feebly produced. The thoracic segments decrease in the median line slightly in length from the first to the third, and these segments have their tergites strongly, nearly semicircularly, curved, and their lateral parts are strongly produced with the angles acute. — In the abdomen (fig. 4b) third and fourth segments are rather short, together about as long as the terminal segment, which is distinctly broader than long and as long as the caudal rami. Antennulee (fig. 4 c) consist probably of 12 joints (the number cannot be stated with certainty because the eleventh joint is somewhat damaged) ; second joint slightly longer than the first, with 3 sensory filaments; third to eighth joint short, and each, excepting the fourth, with a filament; ninth joint with 2 sensory fila- ments, on the outer margin with a rather long and strong spine slightly before the middle, and beyond that spine 3 small spines, the two more proximal shaped as teeth, while the third is normal. — Antenne and maxillule mutilated. — The sipho reaches to the front margin of first free segment; its proximal part is uncommonly slender, but not narrowed in front. — Maxillee (fig. 4 d) with the dactylus long and slender; this joint has a good-sized lateral spine considerably before the end (fig. 4 e), but no conspicuous tooth or tubercle, and the most distal part has a little from the concave margin a long row of 13 acute denticles; the claw has near the margin 11 fine denticles arranged in a long row, which begins somewhat beyond the base. — Maxillipeds (fig.'4 f) with the claw as long as the whole dactylus. — Fourth pair of thoracic legs (fig. 4 g) CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. 17 has the endopod rather slender with the third joint three times as long as broad, but its terminal part is regularly shaped without any spine. — The free joint of fifth pair of legs minute. Length 1.65 mm. Remarks. — Though the description is incomplete, as some of the appendages were mutilated in the single specimen, it may in all probability be sufficient for determinating not only the male sex, but also the hitherto unknown female, as the equipment of dactylus and claw of the maxille is certainly similar in both sexes and besides very characteristic. It is closely allied to B. magniceps Brady as figured by Sars, but the male of this species was unknown to Sars, and his female seems to differ in the dactylus and claw of the maxillz, though it must be remembered that his figure of these parts is too small. Whether B. magniceps Sars is identical with Brady’s form or with that described under the same name by Giesbrecht seems to be somewhat uncertain. Occurrence. — Not taken by the “Ingolf’”’, but by Mag.sc. Kruuse at a single place. East Greenland: Ameralik (Lat. 65°51’ N.), low water; I male. 17. Bradypontius(?) tenuipes n. sp. (Pl. II, figs. 5 a—5 f.) Female. — A single specimen with the left lateral part of the three anterior free segments misshaped and most of the appendages mutilated is to hand, but as the dactylus of the manxillee is extremely character- istic, the thicker part of the sipho narrow in front, and the free joint of fifth pair of legs long, the species is so peculiar that it is easily recognized and is therefore not omitted. In spite of the great difference in fifth legs between this species and the typical forms of Bradypontius, it is, at least provisionally, referred to this genus. Head somewhat broad, with the postero-lateral corners only a little produced and very broadly rounded. The two anterior free segments (fig. 5 a), have the lateral part on the right side produced strongly backwards with the end acute, and third segment is somewhat less produced. — Abdomen (fig. 5 a) as to length about as in B. papillatus Scott; second and third segment only moderately short, together half as long again as the terminal segment, which is distinctly broader than long and a little longer than the caudal rami, on which the outer seta is inserted considerably before the end. Antennule and antenne mutilated. — The sipho seems to have its suctorial tube broken, so that its length cannot be stated, but its proximal part (fig. 5 b) differs from that in any form of the group figured by Sars in being narrow in front and gradually increasing in breadth, though on the whole rather narrow. — Max- illulee with the inner ramus long and slender, somewhat longer than the outer very slender ramus; the ter- minal seta of the last-named ramus broken, but its preserved part a good deal longer than the ramus; the two terminal setee on the inner ramus very long. — Maxille (fig. 5 c) have the dactylus a good deal longer than the proximal part and most peculiar; at the end of its proximal two-thirds the concave margin has a nearly spiniform tooth, and slightly beyond half of the distal third a rather large, oblong, oblique process; beyond this process (fig. 5 d) the dactylus is expanded, raised as a very low and very oblong triangle, then armed with a few tiny and closely set denticles, while the most distal part of the dactylus is much curved; on the The Ingolf-Expedition. III. 7. 3 18 CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. side and a little in front of the rather large process a somewhat long and strong spine is inserted on a tubercle; the claw has no denticles. — Maxillipeds (fig. 5 e) with the claw as long as the whole dactylus; first joint of the proximal part with a row of several long hairs on the margin; second joint with a row of shorter hairs at the middle of the outer margin. — Fourth pair of legs has the endopod shorter and more narrow than the exopod, though broader than in any species of Bradypontius. — Fifth legs with the free joint rather long (fig. 5 f), though somewhat shorter than the segment; the joint is slender, several times longer than thick, with 2 terminal sete, and a somewhat shorter though yet rather long seta on the outer margin. Length 1.6 mm. ; Occurrence. — Taken by the “Ingolf” at a single station. Davis Strait: Stat. 32: Lat. 66°35’ N., Long. 56°38’ W., 318 fathoms, temp. 3°9; 1 mutilated female. Parartotrogus T. & A. Scott. Of this very interesting genus one species has been found in our area. 18. Parartotrogus arcticus (T. Scott), G. O. Sars. (Pl. II, figs. 6 a—6 d.) 1901. Parartotrogus Richardi, var. arcticus 'T. Scott, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. S.7, Vol. VIII, p. 352, Pl. VI. !IQ15. — arcticus G. O. Sars, Account, Vol. VI, p. 136, Pl. LX XIX. The single female agrees with Sars’ figures and description in most features, especially in such impor- tant points as the joints in the antennule, and three joints in the endopod of third legs; the few differences observed may be noted. The antennee (fig. 6 c) are a little more slender, their exopod a little shorter in proportion to the third joint, and the hook-shaped very thick spine on fourth joint is larger than in Sars’ figure. — In the maxillee (fig. 6 d) the curvature of the terminal claw differs considerably from Sars’ figure, but this may, as least partly, be due to some casual fact, as the claw drawn by Sars has either been somewhat anomalous or is turned in a way producing an anomalous aspect; the claw on my specimen agrees more with Scott’s figure. — The rudi- mentary fourth leg (fig. 6 a) has two sete very different in length and a third seta on the posterior margin, while Sars has only the two terminal setee nearly equal in length and no posterior seta; fifth leg (fig. 6 a) has not only the two terminal setee, but besides on both legs two well developed setze near one another near the base of the posterior margin, thus agreeing with Scott’s figure, while Sars has the two terminal setze and on the hind margin a single seta; finally both Sars and Scott figure these legs shorter and considerably broader than they are in my specimen. — Furca (fig. 6 b) is anomalous in my specimen; the right ramus is a tiny triangle, while the left ramus is normally shaped, but it is a little shorter than the terminal segment and possesses a single moderately long seta, which has its proximal part swollen and a secondary outer branch a little from the base. — Length 0.81 mm. Occurrence. — Not gathered by the “Ingolf’, but by the Ryder Expedition in 18or. Off East Greenland: Lat. 72°27’ N., Long. 19°56’ W., about 100 fathoms; 1 female. CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. 19 Distribution. — In Norway at Kvalé, on the Nordland coast, 40-50 fath. (G. O. Sars); further- more east of Hope Island (south-east of Spitzbergen), roo fath., and off Kolgujew Island (rather far south- west of Novaya Zemlia) (Th. Scott). Pseudomolgus G. O. Sars. This genus is the only representative for the family Lichomolgide sens. Sars hitherto found in the “Ingolf” area, and even only a single species has been discovered. Sars describes in his Account 8 genera with 24 species from Norway, and it must certainly be possible to collect several of these forms at the Feeroes, Iceland or Greenland. 19. Pseudomolgus groenlandicus n. sp. (Pl. II, figs. 7 a—7 g.) Female. — In general aspect rather similar to P. dilatatus G. O.S., but it differs from all 3 Nor- wegian species in some features. — The body is nearly half as broad as long (caudal rami included) and broadest at the posterior angles of the head (fig. 7 a); the abdomen is shorter in proportion to the cephalo- thorax than in other species. The front part of the head is a little produced between the antennule, which therefore are inserted on the sides of this quite short frontal plate. Last thoracic segment broader than the genital segment, which is slightly broader than long (fig. 7 b); second and third abdominal segment very short, taken together even conspicuously or slightly shorter than the anal segment, which is about as broad as long and somewhat shorter than the genital segment. Caudal rami only a little longer than the last segment, and the seta on the outer margin is inserted distinctly before the middle. —- Ovisacs large, very oblong, with numerous small eggs. Antennule (fig. 7c) as usual 7-jointed, a little shorter than the head; fifth joint as much shorter than the fourth as longer than the sixth. — Antenne (fig. 7 d) very robust; first joint with a slender and small process near the end; the 4 apical claws strong, with a very sharp bend or a kind of articulation at the middle, while their distal half is very much curved; the sete on the last joint may be seen on the figure. — Distal portion of the maxille (fig. 7 e) characteristic, with 6 processes, the first rather short and not marginal, the four following processes marginal and strong, while the terminal process is unusually long and distally thin. — First legs when seen from below (fig. 7 f) with rows of fine spines at the outer distal edge of first joint, and on the distal margin of second joint at both sides of the origin of the endopod, furthermore on half of the outer margin of first joint of the exopod and along the outer part of the distal margin of first joint of the endopod; endopod much more slender than in the Norwegian forms, with the third joint long, while the second joint is about half as long as the third; the exopod has the first joint long and very broad, expanded outwards, with the outer margin very convex, the second is not half as long as the first. The number of setze and spines on these legs as in P. dilatatus; in second to fourth pair of legs the terminal joint of both rami possesses 3 spines on the outer margin, besides the terminal spine. — Fifth leg (fig. 7 g) not quite three times as long as broad, thus broader than in the Norwegian forms; the lateral margin is not ciliated, but on the broad end bearing the long terminal spine some 5 or 6 fine denticles are seen. Length 1.9—2 mm. | Be 20 CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. Remarks. — This species is easily separated by the claws on the antenne, the joints in the rami of first legs, the shape and denticulation of fifth legs, the short genital segment, and the two following very short segments. Occurrence. —- Not taken by the “Ingolf”’, but by two Danish collectors. West Greenland: Egedesminde (Lat. 68°42’ N.), Mag. sc. M. Levinsen; 3 females. — — Godthaab (Lat. 64°11’ N.), in fishing net, Captain Ryder; 3 females. Thersitina Norman. This genus is the only representative for the family Ergasilidee found in our area, and it comprises as yet only a single valid species. 20. Thersitina Gasterostei Pagenst. | 1861. Thersites Gasterostei Pagenstecker, Archiv f. Naturg. 1861, p. 118, Taf. VI, Fig. 1—-9. 1863. Ergasilus —-- Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskr. 3 R. B. II, p. 307, Tab. XII, fig. 2, a—h. 1892. Thersites gasteroste: Canu, Travaux Laborat. Wimereux-Ambleteuse, T. VI, p. 245, Pl. XXIII, fig. 13—18. !1913. Thersitina — T. & A. Scott, Brit. Paras. Copep, p. 42, Pl. XXV, figs: 1-6; Pl. LI, fig. 6: Occurrence. — Not taken by the “Ingolf”’. Kroyer recorded it from West Greenland and the Feer- oes; it is generally found in the branchial cavities of Gasterosteus aculeatus, most frequently on the inner sur- face of the gill-covers, sometimes also on the gills and rarely besides on the skin, especially on the pectoral fins (Kroyer; Canu). Distribution. — On Gastevrosteus aculeatus at Barra, Outer Hebrides, in the river Forth and at Aberdeen; on Sfinachia vulgaris in Loch Etive, west coast of Scotland (T. & A. Scott). On Gast. aculeatus it has also been taken at Wimereux (Canu), at Ostende (Pagenstecker), in the Sound and in Flensborg Fjord (Kroyer). Eunicicola Kurz. On this genus, of which only a single species is known, G. O. Sars established in 1918 the new family Eunicicolidee. 21. Eunicicola Clausi Kutz. 1877. Eumicicola Clausi Kurz, Sitzb. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, I, Jahrg. 1877, p. 1, Taf. I—II. 1898. Eurynotus insolens T. & A. Scott, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. Ser. 7, Vol. I, p. 188, Pl. X, fig. 17; Pl. XI, figs. 5—13. !r9g18. Eumicicola Clausi G.O. Sars, Account, p. 204, Pl. CXIII. The single specimen agrees on the whole with the figures given by Sars excepting in one point, viz. that the head is produced into a kind of transverse plate with the front margin straight and the lateral mar- gins oblique, each lateral margin projecting from the head at a point a little before the end of the anterior margin of first joint of the antennula; this plate is considerably longer, more developed, than in Sars’ figure of the animal seen from below. Each ovisac contains 6 eggs. CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. 21 Occurrence. — Not taken by the “Ingolf’’, but by Dr. Th. Mortensen, June 20, 1899. Feeroes: 16 miles East to South off Nolsé, 80 fathoms; 1 female. Distribution. — Recorded from Risér, south coast of Norway, about 50 fathoms, and from Chri- stiania Fjord near Drébak (G. O. Sars). Furthermore gathered in the Firth of Clyde (T. Scott) and at Triest, on Eunice Claparédi (Kurz). Selioides Levinsen. This very interesting genus I refer to the Cyclopoidea, as it in various features is more related to this than to any of the following divisions. Only a single species is known. 22. Selioides Bolbroei Levinsen. !1877. Selioides Bolbroer Levinsen, Vidensk. Medd. Naturh. Foren. Kjobenhavn for 1877, p. 353, Tab. VI, Fig. 5—II. 1886. — — H.J. Hansen, Dijmphna-Togtets zool.-bot. Udbytte, p. 261. Levinsen’s description (in Danish) is good, and his figures sufficient, but his interpretation of some of the appendages is wrong. What he describes as a plate-shaped part situated behind each mandible and equipped on the free margin with a minute, oblong-oval knot and three spines is in reality a protruding maxillula; a little more behind the two-jointed very robust maxille are seen, named maxillipeds by Levinsen. Furthermore he says that the abdomen has 3 pairs of limbs; what he names the abdomen is essentially the trunk, and what he considers to be the second pair of limbs is in reality the maxillipeds, which lie near the median line and in the female far more backwards than the first pair of thoracic legs, while in the male they are at least as far forwards as first legs, the latter pair being in the male articulated at the outer proximal angle of the maxillipeds. Already in 1886 I proposed this interpretation and besides pointed out the existence of three pairs of small, ventral and transverse chitinized thickenings, in all probability being the vestiges of the three posterior pairs of thoracic legs. Occurrence. — Taken by the “Ingolf” at a single station. Denmark Strait: Stat. 96: Lat. 65°24’ N., Long. 29°00’ W., 735 fathoms, temp. 1°2. 1 female, situ- ated above one of the parapodia of Harmothoé nodosa. At West Greenland this species has been taken at three places. It was gathered at Kekertak, Torssu- katek’s Ice-Fjord, 135—140 fath., on Nychia cirrosa, Aug. 31, 1870 by Dr. Oberg (Riks-Museum, Stock- holm). At Egedesminde (Lat. 68°42’ N.) it was discovered by Mag. sc. M. Levinsen on Harmothoé imbricata, and the majority of the considerable number of specimens was found in stomachs of Cottus scorpio. At Godt- haab (Lat. 64°11’ N.) a single juvenile female was secured by Capt. Ryder. Distribution. — The Kara Sea, 65 fath., 1 female on Harmothoé imbricata (H. J. Hansen). Division Monstrilloida. Of this small but extremely interesting division only a single species has hitherto been found within the “Ingolf”’ area, but it may in all probability be possible in the future to gather a few forms near the Feeroes and south of Iceland. 22 CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. 23. Monstrilla Wandeli Steph. 1913. Monstrilla Wandeli Stephensen, Meddel. fra Gronland B. LI, p. 73, Pl. VI. As pointed out by Stephensen, this species is easily recognized by the reticulation on the cephalo- thorax together with the position of the dorsal small hair on each caudal ramus, and the shape of fifth legs, as each leg has a subcylindrical process or small and slender ramus on the inner side; this process reaches slightly beyond the base of the two ternunal setee and protrudes freely backwards, but it is in Stephensen’s figure obliquely pressed against the peduncle. Occurrence. — The only specimen known is Stephensen’s type. West Greenland: Northern Stromfjord, at Lat. 67°40’ N., Long. 53° W., surface; I specimen. Division Notodelphyoida. Notodelphys Allman. It is rather curious that only a single species of this genus has hitherto been found in the “Ingolf” area. 24. Notodelphys rufescens Thor. 1860. Notodelphys rufescens Thorell, K. Sv. Vet. Akad. Handl. B. 3, No. 8, p. 35, Tab. II, 2. !rg2t. — — (CG, ©; Sancy Aoeorwscte, WOll WIO0l, fo. BB, IL SOVIUL, 3c, The single female agrees excellently with the descriptions and figures of Thorell and Sars excepting as to one point, viz. that the incubatory pouch is exceedingly large, in reality so long that the abdomen seems to originate from the middle of its ventral side, so that it, seen from above, covers the whole abdomen ex- cepting its last segment. The caudal rami completely as figured by Thorell and Sars, consequently differing from N. Allmani in the position of the lateral seta. Occurrence. — Not secured by the “Ingolf’, but by Dr. Th. Mortensen in 1899. Feeroes: North of Nols6. In Phallusia conchilega; 1 specimen. Distribution. — South coast of Norway (G. O. Sars); Bohuslan (Thorell, Aurivillius). Doropygopsis G. O. Sars. This genus comprises only a single species. 25. Doropygopsis longicauda (? Aurivillius) G. O. Sars. 1883(?) Dovopygus longicauda Aurivillius, Bidrag till Kannedomen om Krustaceer, som lefva hos Mol- lusker och Tunikater, p. 18, Tafl. IIT. !rgat. Doropygopsis longicauda G. O. Sars, Account, Vol. VIII, p. 47, Pl. XXIII. That the adult specimens enumerated below belong to D. longicauda as figured by Sars is easily seen; though the 4 specimens from Boltenia are very young and partly weakly chitinized, I am rather sure that they belong to the same species. But whether the species established by Aurivillius is the same as that described by Sars seems to be somewhat questionable. The antennule and antenne in my specimens agree with Sars’ figures, which in several respects differ so much from those drawn by Aurivillius (Pl. ITI, figs. 2 and 3) that CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. 23 one may think that the animals drawn by the two authors can scarcely belong to the same species. The differences between the mandibular palp figured by them are also strong. But I am quite unable to settle the question on such differences, and can only point them out, adding, that if the animals belongs to different species that described by Sars must have another name. Supposing as a possibility that the figures in question drawn by Aurivillius are incorrect, I find it most practical to chose the way followed here out of the difficulty. Occurrence. — Taken by the “Ingolf” at a single station. Davis Strait: Stat. 27: Lat. 64°54’ N., Long. 55°10’ W., 393 fathoms, temp. 3°8; 1 female, found in sifted bottom material. : Furthermore it has been taken at four other places in our area. Egedesminde (Lat. 68°42’ N.), Mag. sc. Traustedt; 1 adult female in Ascidia callosa. Davis Strait: Lat. 67°34’ N., Long. 55°29’ W., 53 fathoms, Admiral Wandel ; 1 adult female in A scidia prunum. South-West Greenland, K. Stephensen, 1912; 4 very or extremely young females in Boltenia echinata. North Iceland: Skagestrand, Steincke 1875; 10 females in the branchial cavity of Phallusia sp. Distribution. — Different places at the south and west coasts of Norway; most of the specimens in the branchial cavity of Phallusia obliqua (G.O. Sars). Coast of Bohuslin (Aurivillius); Spitzbergen (Schellenberg). 1883. !rgar. 26. Doropygella Thorelli Auriv. Doropygus Thorelli Aurivillius, Bidrag til Kannedomen om Krustaceer, som lefva hos Mollusker og . Tunikater, p. 45, Tafl. V. Doropygella — G.O.Sars, Account, Vol. VIII, p. 49, Pl. XXIV. Occurrence. — Taken by the “Ingolf’’ at a single station. Davis Strait: Stat. 28: Lat. 65°14’ N., Long. 55°42’ W., 420 fathoms, temp. 3°5; I female in sifted bottom material. Besides taken at two other places in the “Ingolf’’ area. Feeroes: Vestmanhavn, Mag. sc. R. H6rring, June 18, 1906; 2 females in Phallusia obliqua. South-East of Iceland: Lat. 61°49’ N., Long. 14°11’ W. “Thor” (Dr. Joh. Schmidt), 800 m. wire out; 4 females in Phallusia obliqua. Distribution. — Several places at the south and west coasts of Norway, generally within the branchial cavity of Phallusia obliqua, “more rarely in that of the other kinds of Ascidians’”’ (G. O. Sars). Coast of Bohuslan, in Ph. mentula (Aurivillius). 1860. !Iga2r. Buprorus Thorell. A single species of this interesting genus is found in our area. 27. Buprorus Loveni Thorell. Buprorus Loven ‘Thorell, K. Sv. Vet. Akad. Handl. B.3, No. 8, p. 63, Tab. X, 14 — — G.O.Sars, Account, Vol. VIII, p. 62, Pl. XXX. 24 CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. Occurrence. — Not secured by the “Ingolf’, but by Mag.sc. R. Horring, June 18, 1906. Feeroes: Vestmanhavn; 2 females in Phallusia obliqua. Distribution. — Norway, “within the branchial cavity of different kinds of Ascidians, most fre- quently in Phallusia obliqua (G. O. Sars). Bohuslan, in Phallusia mentula and P. aspersa (Thorell). Blakeanus Wilson. Of this genus, established by C. B. Wilson in 1rg21, a species considered as new has been found in our area. 28. Blakeanus groenlandicus n. sp. (Pl. II, figs. 8 a—8d; Pl. III, figs. 1 a—z h.) Female. — The body, excepting the abdomen, very thick and dorsally extremely inflated (fig. I a), highest above fourth thoracic legs and not divided into segments. Abdomen consists of five distinct segments; the caudal rami (fig. rh) are thick, and each with 4 terminal, more or less curved and hook-shaped, robust spines, the upper one nearly twice as long as the others. Antennule (fig. 1b) rather similar to those in Botryllophilus macropus Canu; first joint is much broader than long, along the distal margin with 6 very long and robust setee, and a little from the inner end a protuberance with 3 strong sete very different in length, finally at the outer angle a spiniform seta not half as long as the others; the remainder of the antennula consists of three joints. — Antenne (fig. 8a) slender; the terminal joint has 2 lateral sete, 3 terminal setee, and above at the end a minute spine; near to this spine an oblique comb of minute spines is observed. — Mandibles (fig. 1 c) in the main as in B. macropus; the distal third of the cutting edge (fig. 1d) with 7 more or less spiniform processes very different in size, while the proximal two-thirds of the edge is a most elegant comb of innumerable, very slender spines; the broad palp is curved two times in opposite directions and exhibits no articulations, but both the endopod and the exopod has respectively 5 and 4 robust or extremely robust terminal setae. — Maxillulee (fig. 8 b), maxille (fig. 8 c) and maxillipeds (fig. 8d) show on the whole close relationsship to Botryll. macropus; special description is scarcely needed. — The four anterior pairs of legs increase in length from first (fig. I e) to fourth pair (fig. 1 f); the sympod is thick; the endopod is short, two-jointed, with first joint very short and second joint with respectively 5 and 4 terminal setee; the exopod, which is scarcely distinctly jointed, is twice, or considerably more than twice, as long as the endopod, on first pair with 5 strong setze on the end and along one margin, while on fourth pair only a strong, terminal, spiniform seta and 4 quite small spiniform sete (fig. I g) — Fifth legs (fig. Ia) very different from those in Botryllophilus, but similar to those in Blakeanus corniger Wils., as the proximal part is much thickened, the distal part slender and much curved, with a minute hair at the end. Length 4.1 mm. Remarks. — The present species is so similar to Wilson’s figure of his Blakeanus corniger (described in 1921 from a specimen taken “from an Ascidian, “Cynthia carnea’’, in Long Island Sound’’) that I should have considered the forms as identical, if Wilson had not stated on the caudal rami that “they are entirely CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. 25 destitute of setz’’; besides his figures of antennula, antenna and fourth leg show some differences, which scarcely can be due to variation or incorrect drawing. The new species exhibits rather close relationship to Botryllophilus macropus Canu in the structure of antennule, antenne, mandibles, maxillule, maxillipeds and caudal rami, but the thoracic legs are more reduced and the fifth pair very different. If the genus Blakeanus shall be maintained, the essential differences are the extraordinary inflation of the cephalothorax and the shape of fifth legs; the differences in all other appendages are scarcely of generic value, as f. inst. the two species of Botryllophilus, B. macropus Canu and B. brevipes G. O. S. show many differences from one another in the appendages. It may be added that when Wilson says that his animal “can not be located in any of the existing families” of the group Notodelphyoida, be based his conclusion on the assumption that nothing corresponding to the “curved horns” is known in any other Copepod — though these horns are in reality only the fifth pair of thoracic legs, which in Botryl- lophilus have a similar position, but are generally somewhat less altered. Occurrence. — Not taken by the “Ingolf’ but many years ago by Mag. sc. M. Levinsen. West Greenland, probably Egedesminde. In Cynthia rustica, 2 females (one among them unfortun- ately lost). Botryllophilus Hesse. Of this remarkable genus a single new species has been secured in the “Ingolf’’ area. 29. Botryllophilus inzequipes n. sp. (Pl. III, figs. 2 a—2 f.) Female. — This species is similar to B. brevipes G.O.S. and agrees with it in most particulars. Thus it may scarcely be possible to point out specific differences between them in antennule (fig. 2 a), antennze (fig. 2b), mandibles (fig. 2 c), maxilla, maxillipeds, fifth pair of legs, or in the abdomen with its furcal rami, each terminating in 4 curved claws. But B. inequipes differs from B. brevipes Sars and agrees with b. ruber (?Hesse), T. Scott in having the thoracic segments distinctly marked off from each other, and it differs sharply from B. brevipes in the structure of first to fourth pairs of thoracic legs. Sars says as to these legs in his B. brevipes that they are “much reduced, with both rami quite short and uniarticulate’”’, but in B. in- a@quipes the exopod is uniarticulate, the endopod 2-jointed in the two anterior pairs, while in third and fourth pairs both rami are 2-jointed. In B. inequipes first leg (fig. 2d) has 8 strong and long sete on the second joint and a single seta on the outer margin of first joint of the endopod, while the exopod is oblong and some- what triangular, with 5 spines on the outer margin. Fourth legs are very characteristic especially in the fact, that the two legs of this pair differ from one another; the right leg (fig. 2 e) has the endopod considerably longer than the exopod and equipped with in all 5 partly long sete, one among them on the inner margin of the proximal joint, and this joint is considerably longer than the second; the exopod has 4 spines, viz. one long and strong spine at the end, one spine on the inner margin, and two spines rather remote from one another on the outer margin. In the left leg (fig. 2 f) the 5 setae on the endopod are much longer than those on the right leg and distally very thin, furthermore the endopod is turned in a curious way so that it, when the leg is seen from below (from in front), has the real inner margin directed forwards and even somewhat The Ingolf-Expedition. III. 7. 4 26 CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. outwards; the exopod is as long as the endopod, oblong-triangular, with a subterminal long and somewhat slender spine, on the distal half of the outer margin with 2 spines, the distal one quite small, and it has no spine on the inner margin. Second and third pairs of legs do not exhibit any, at least not any marked, asym- metry, and are on the whole more similar to first than to fourth pair, though the setee and spines on the rami are on second pair a little, on third pair more, reduced in number. Length 1.44—1.6 mm. Remarks. — The asymmetry in the fourth pair of legs is found not only in the specimen partly dissected but also in the two other specimens; especially the differences in the shape and equipment with spines on the exopod of the two legs is very conspicuous. Whether a similar structure exists in any other species in unknown,' but, as pointed out above, B. inequipes is besides easily separated from B. brevipes Sars and B. ruber as figured by Scott by the jointing of the rami of the legs. Occurrence. —In sifted mud from two “Ingolf’’ stations. Davis Strait: Stat. 32: Lat. 66°35’ N., Long. 56°38’ W., 318 fathoms, temp. 3°9; 2 females. —- — Stat. 36: Lat. 61°50’ N., Long. 56°21’ W., 1435 fathoms, temp. 1°5; 1 female. As even 3 specimens have been discovered in sifted bottom material the form cannot be rare in the Davis Strait, but whether the specimen found in mud from 1435 fath. really originates from that depth may still be a little uncertain. Schizoproctus Auriv. This interesting genus comprises hitherto only a single species. 30. Schizoproctus inflatus Auriv. 1885. Schizoproctus inflatus Aurivillius, Vega-Expedit. vetenskapl. Iakttagelser, B. IV, p. 248, Tafl. 9, Fig. 2I—32. 1g2t. as — G.O. Sars, Account, Vol. VIII, p. 72. Pl. XXXIV. “Occurrence. — Taken by the “Ingolf” at a single station. Davis Strait: Stat. 28: Lat. 65°14’ N., Long. 55°42’ W., 420 fathoms, temp. 3°5; I specimen, in sifted bottom material. This species does not seem to be rare at West Greenland. Mag. sc. M. Levinsen has taken it two times in Ascidia sp., probably at Egedesminde (Lat. 68°42’ N.); the Copenhagen Museum possesses one specimen from Molgula groenlandica and 3 large specimens taken in Boltenia boltent, in both cases from West Greenland but without special locality. Besides our Museum possesses a specimen taken by Dr. Vanhéffen in Tille Karajak Fjord (at Lat. 70°20’ N.) and presented under the name Dovopygus gibber Thorell, a wrong determination also given in his list (1897) of his Crustacea from Greenland. Finally this species has been gathered by the IInd Amdrup-Expedition at a single place. East Greenland: Lat. 67°14’ N., at the beach, rocky bottom with alge, July 24, 1899; 1 adult female. 1 After this part of my manuscript was finished, Cand. mag. K. Stephensen directed my attention to Schellenberg’s paper ‘Neue Notodelphyiden ...... “ published in August 1922 (Mitth. Zool. Mus. Berlin, 10 B. 2) in which that author points out (p. 282—86) asymmetry of different degree in the exopod of the thoracic legs in several species. iS) N CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. Distribution. — At Vads6, eastern Finmark, about 60 fath., in Phallusia obliqua (G. O. Sars) ; in Navit Fjord, Finmark, 15—30 fath., in Phallusia mentula, and at Spitzbergen, in Phallusia sp. (Auri- villius). In all cases the animals were found in the branchial cavity. Enterocola vy. Beneden. Of this interesting genus only a single species has been found in our area. 31. Enterocola setifera n. sp. (Pl. III, figs. 3 a—3 1.) Female. — Seen from below rather similar to EF. fulgens v. Ben. as figured by Canu (1892), but differs especially in antennule, antenne, the shape and armature of the endopod of the four anterior pairs of thoracic legs, and in the equipment with sete of fifth legs. The antennule (fig. 3 a) are very oblong-triangular, 4-jointed, as the distal two-fifths show three rather distinct articulations, but the proximal part exhibits vestiges of a few rudimentary articulations; the whole anterior margin is equipped with a number of strong, nearly spiniform sete, and the end bears some fine sete. — Antenne (fig. 3 b) 3-jointed; the two proximal joints thick, and the first joint has at its front angle a small protuberance terminating in a somewhat short, very thick seta which is broad to the obtuse end; terminal joint moderately slender with a strong, curved spine and a couple of small setae on the end. — Maxillule (? or maxille) with the distal lobe well developed; its terminal margin (fig. 3 c) is convex and behind the middle with an incision, in which is seen a somewhat protruding piece as a kind of joint and ter- minating in 4 strong spines, while the margin of the lobe itself has 6 spines, 4 of which in front of the “joint”’. — Maxillipeds (figs. 3 d and 3 e) very thick; the terminal joint is bent inwards and has 3 robust spines on the end; on the inner side of the maxilliped is found a proximal, small, slender and protruding lobe termin- ating in 2 spines. The four anterior pairs of legs subsimilar in structure; each pair with a narrow median piece between the two sympods (fig. 3 g). First pair considerably more narrow than the second, while the third is distinctly broader than the second and a little less broad than the fourth (fig. 3 g). In all pairs the endopod is a rounded plate, in first pair (fig. 3 f) more than twice as long as broad, in second pair somewhat and in fourth pair slightly, longer than broad; the broadly rounded end has on first pair two moderately large spines not tapering to the rounded end, and besides a third much shorter and thinner spine of similar shape; in fourth pair (fig. 3 g) the two terminal spines are much smaller than on first pair, while the third spine is wanting; second and third pairs of legs as to spines intermediate between first and fourth pair. Exopod in all pairs oblong-triangular, with the end acute and bearing a minute, thick spine. — Fifth pair, which originates on the anterior free margin of the plate covering the eggs, is a small, oblong piece with some sete (fig. 3 h) towards the end; two among these sete are extremely long, and the longest one reaches even nearly beyond the posterior margin of the covering plate. It may be added that about at the middle of the posterior margin of this plate a conspicuous seta is observed. The caudal rami (fig. 31) are very oblong, with a few short setee on the rounded end. Length 2.9 mm. 28 CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. Remarks. — The single specimen was discovered in sifted bottom material. The species is easily recognized by the shape of the spines on the endopods of the four anterior pairs of legs and the quite narrow plate between their sympods. The equipment with sete on fifth pair is interesting; one may be tempted to suppose that these sete act as the peculiar stiff setee found on the epipod of first maxillipeds in nearly all Cumacea, viz. producing a movement in the water in the incubatory pouch. Antennule and antennee differ considerably from those in E. fulgens v. Beneden, FE. betencourti Canu or E. bilamellata G.O.S. My te- presentation of the mouth-parts — excepting the maxillipeds — is imperfect, as I have only a single specimen and did not wish to sacrifice both sides of its head for an investigation which even might be partly unsuccess- ful. Judging from spines of the mouth-parts in situ I am, however, nearly sure that two pairs exist in front of the maxillipeds, the first pair being extremely small. Occurrence. — Taken in sifted bottom material procured by the “Ingolf’’ at a single station. South-West of Iceland: Stat. 81: Lat. 61°44’ N., Long. 27°00’ W., 485 fathoms, temp. 6°1; 1 female. Division Caligoida. Family Caligide. Caligus O. F. Miller. Only two species of this rich genus have hitherto been discovered in the “Ingolf” area. 32. Caligus curtus O. F. Miiller. 1785. Caligus curtus O. F. Miller, Entomostraca, p. 130, Tab. X XI, fig. 1. 1837. — — Kroyer, Naturh. Tidsskr. 1. Rekke B.I, p. 619, Tab. VI, fig. 2. 1863. — — Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskr. 3. Rekke, B. II, p. 180. 1863. — F#glefim Kroyer, ibid. p. 163, 181, Tab. VII, fig. 3, a—t. !1905. — curtus Wilson, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., Vol. XXVIII, p. 578, Pl. X, figs. 112124 ; figs. 8, 24, and 28 in text. [With the earlier, rather intricate synonymy]. 1913. — — T.&A. Scott, Brit. Paras. Cop. p. 45, Pl. XXIV, figs. 1—2; Pl. XXV, figs. 79. Occurrence. — Not taken by the “Ingolf’’, but by numerous collectors. C. curtus has only been secured two times at West Greenland, viz. between Ritenbenk (Lat. 69°44’ N.) and Straumsnees, on Gadus sp. (Olrik), and Pfaff captured it on Gadus callarias at Greenland; the locality is not given, but it was probably not far from Ritenbenk. It is not known from East Greenland. At Iceland and the Feeroes this species has been gathered many times and on various fishes, as Gadus callarias, Gadus eglefinus, Molva byrkelange, Hippoglossus vulgaris. ‘Thus at North-West Iceland it has been captured in Onundarfjord, at North Iceland in Ofjord (or Skagestrand Bugt), at East Iceland near Hjerads- floi, at South Iceland in Lat. 63°26:/2’ N., Long. 161/.° W., 62 fath., at South-West Iceland in Grindavik and Havnefjord. — At the Feeroes it is evidently common; f. inst. it has been taken at Thorshavn, Str6m6; somewhat east of the Feeroes, at Lat. 62°30’ N., Long. 5°14’ W., 249 fath., it was taken on Molva bvrkelange. CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. 29 Distribution. — The Copenhagen Museum possesses specimens taken at various places in the North Sea on Gadus callarias, Gadus virens and Molva byrkelange; at Denmark it has been secured in the northern part of the Sound. Olsson mentions it as found on 11 species of fishes in Kattegat, Skager Rak and off West Norway at Lat. 63° N.; T. & A. Scott say that it “is a common form around our shores’’; v. Be- neden records it from Belgium; Wilson has seen large numbers from “the eastern sea-board of the New Eng- land States of North America’. 33. Caligus rapax H. Milne-Edw. 1840. Caligus rapax H. Milne Edwards, Hist. Nat. Crust. T. III, p. 453, Pl. XX XVIII, fig. o—12. 1861. — — Steenstrup & Liitken, Kgl. D. Vid. Selsk. Skrifter, 5. Rekke, naturh. og math. Afd. 1B) 5, 105 S60), Malo, JUG, sate, 71. 1863. — Lwumpi Kroyer, Naturh. Tidsskr. 3.R. B. II, p.147, 177, Tab. Il, fig. 2, a—t. !1905. — vapax Wilson, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. Vol. XXVIII, p. 568, Pl. VII, figs. 7g7—89, and figs. 3, 7, 9, 10, 18, 22, 23, 26, 32, 36, 46—50 in the text. I9gi2, — — Brian, Résultats Camp. Scient. par Albert I, Prince de Monaco, Fasc. XX XVIII, : p.5, Pl. VI, fig. 1—4. lI9g13. — — TT. & A. Scott, Brit. Paras. Copep. p. 48, Pl. IV, figs. 3—8, Pl. VI, figs. i—2. The extensive and very intricate synonymy is given by Wilson and Brian; discussions on the earlier literature especially by Kroyer (op. cit. p. 145) and Steenstrup & Ljitken. Occurrence. — Taken by the “Ingolf’”’ at a single place. North-West Iceland: Dyrefjord, on the skin of Cyclopterus lumpus; 1 female. This species has not been discovered at West Greenland; at East Greenland it has been taken in Hekla Havn (Lat. 70°27’ N.), living on Gymnacanthus tricuspis captured at about 6 fath. (Ryder Exped.). At or around Iceland C. vapax is not uncommon. The Copenhagen Museum possesses a good number of females secured at Iceland by Hallgrimsson, determined and mentioned by Kroyer of C. Lumpi, certainly his co-types. At North-West Iceland a female was taken on Hippoglossus vulgaris in Onundarfjord by Mag. sc. W. Lundbeck. Dr. J. Schmidt (the “Thor’’) captured specimens in pelagic hauls in 1904 at the following 6 localities around Iceland. North of Iceland: Lat. 66°19’ N., Long. 23°27’ W. 115 m.; 4 adults and I immature specimen. West - — Lat. 64°16’ N., Long. 22°13’ W., 46m., 50m. wire out; 2 males. = = = Lat. 64°05’ N., Long. 22°40’ W., 40 m.; 3 males. South-West - — Jat. 63°29’N., Long. 21°25’ W., 94—120 m., 110m. wire out; 2 females and 3 males. — Lat. 63°18’ N., Long. 21°31’ W., 178 m.; 1 female. —~ - — J[at. 63°20’ N., Long. 20°49’ W., 124 m.; 16 females, 11 males. At the Feeroes C. vapax has been taken at Thorshavn, Stromo6 (Caroc) and somewhat east of the Is- lands in 230 fath. (Cand. mag. Ad. Jensen), in both cases on Gadus callarias. Distribution. — According to various authors this species is common at Great Britain and Ire- 30 CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. land, not only parasitic on various fishes, but also rather frequently among plankton material. It is known from Bohuslan (Steenstrup & Ljiitken), from Kattegat and the western coast of Jutland (Kroyer), and has not unfrequently been taken by pelagic hauls in Skager Rak and the Kattegat (Bjorck). Brian records it from the Atlantic at Lat. 47°46’ N., Long. 5°40’ W., 132 m., on Raja, and from off Calvi, on Siphonostoma rotunda- tum; he says besides that it is common in the Mediterranean. It must be very common at the Atlantic coasts of the United States, as Wilson records it as taken on 25 species of fishes. Lepeophtheirus Nordm. Of this large genus 4 species have been found in our area. 34. Lepeophtheirus pectoralis O. F. Mill. 1776. Lernea pectoralis O. F. Miller, Zool. Danicee Prodromus, p. 227. 1777—79. — O. F. Miiller, Zool. Danica, I, p. 41, Tab. X XXIII, fig. 7. 1837—38. Caligus — Kaoyer, Naturh.tidsskr, Bil) Labi Vas tea ep lbs oms: 1863. Lepeophtheirus — Kroyer, Natur. Tidsskr. 3. Rekke, B. Il, p. 215. 11973. — — T. & A. Scott, Brit. Paras. Copep., p.64, Pl. X, figs)3——4; Pl. X11) figs: 2—3; Pls. XIII, XIV, XV; Pl. XVI, figs. r—3. [With synonymy. | Occurrence. — Secured by the “Ingolf”’ at two localities. North-West Iceland: Isafjord, on the inner side of the pectoral fins of Pleuronectes limanda; 3 specimens. — — Dyrefjord, on the skin of Anarrhichas lupus. This species has never been found at Greenland, but it has been secured several times by various collectors at Iceland on Pleuronectes platessa, Pl. limanda, Hippoglossus vulgaris and Gadus eglefinus, a single time and probably incidentally on Astevias rubens (Mag. sc. W. Lundbeck). The localities are: at North- West Iceland in Skutulsfjord, Onundarfjord and Dyrefjord, at West Iceland in Faxefjord, at South-West Iceland in Havnefjord, finally south of Iceland. At the Feeroes it has been gathered in Thorshavn on the fins of Pleur. platessa by Dr. A. C. Johansen. Distribution. — Firths of Forth and Clyde, Irish Sea, Belfast, and Plymouth (according to T. & A. Scott). At Bohuslan it was found on Pleuronectes flesus, and in Skager Rak on Raja radiata (Olsson). At Denmark very common, especially on the pectorals fins of various flounders (Kroyer). 35. Lepeophtheirus Hippoglossi Kr. (Pl. III, figs. 4 a—4 b.) 1837. Caligus Hippoglossi Kroyer, Naturh. Tidsskr. 1. Rekke, B.I, p. 625, Tab. VI, fig. 3. 1863. Lepeophtheirus — Kroyer, Naturh. Tidsskr. 3. Rekke, B. II, p. 205, Tab. VI, fig. 5, a-d. —— — vobustus Kroyer, ibid. p. 209, Tab. VI, fig. 6, a—c. !1Q05. = Inppoglossi Wilson, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. Vol. XXVIII, p. 625, Pl. XX, figs. 234—243; fig. 6 in the text. ! 1913. oe -— T. & A. Scott, Brit. Paras. Copep. p. 67, Pl. VI, figs. 4——5; Pl. XVII, fig. 2} Pl. XVIII, figs. 8—ro. Kroyer established his L. rvobustws on a couple of specimens taken on a Raja from West Greenland, and he described them as males. Wilson accepts L. vobustus, gives a rearranged translation of Kréyer’s descrip- tion, and adds that it “seems fairly well characterized by the skin protuberances on the genital segment and by the bipartite furca”’ (p. 647). I have examined Kréyer’s types and besides looked over a good number of immature specimens of Lepeophtheirus Hippoglossi taken together with a multitude of adult specimens of both sexes. The result is that L. vobustus has not been established on males but on young specimens of L. Hippo- glosst. The bipartite furca is well known as one of the good characters for the last-named species. Fig. 4 b represents the posterior part of the body of a very young L. Hipfpoglossi, 5 mm. long (caudal rami included), and fig. 4 a the same part of a specimen 8 mm. long. Both figures show that the lateral part of the genital segment is produced backwards into a triangular protuberance about as long as broad and equipped with 4 setee; T. & A. Scott have already drawn an immature female (Pl. XVII, fig. 2) showing the same shape of the genital segment, nearly as in my fig. 4 a). In an older, immature specimen, 11 mm. long, these pro- tuberances are much shorter, much broader than long and distally broadly rounded with a single minute seta. Furthermore my fig. 4 a exhibits the curious skin-lappets at the base of the genital segment, on each side two lappets, the anterior one partly overlapping the other; in the youngest specimen (fig. 4 b) the posterior lappet is proportionately a little larger and especially thicker and more developed as a protuberance, while the anterior lappet is a small branch of the other. In this young stage the protuberances look as if they were the lateral part of an otherwise not defined segment intercalated between the segment bearing the fourth pair of legs and the genital segment. In the above-named specimen 11 mm. long the lappets have disappeared completely. Occurrence. — Not taken by the “Ingolf”’. At West Greenland L. Hippoglossi seems to be more common than any other among the parasitic Copepoda; it is generally found on Hippoglossus vulgaris and Hipp. pinguis, but has also been taken on Raja sp. (Kroyer). It has been taken many times along the coast from near Ritenbenk, at Lat. 69°44’ N., south- wards to Holstensborg, at Lat. 66°56’ N., thus at Godhavn, at Egedesminde, etc.; no specimens taken at any place between Holstensborg and Cape Farewell are to hand, but as several tubes with animals marked Green- land without special locality are preserved in the Copenhagen Museum, some among the parasites may origi- nate from places in that more southern coast. — At East Greenland it has not been discovered. At Iceland the present species has been captured rather frequently, but in several cases no special locality has been noted; it was found on both species of Hippoglossus, besides on Sommiosus mucrocephalus ; Hallas (1867) found it even on the retina of that shark. At North-West Iceland it was gathered in Adalvik and Onundarfjord (Mag. sc. W. Iundbeck), furthermore at Lat. 66°10’ N., Long. 24°42’ W., 98 m., on the blind side of Hippoglossus vulgaris, 1 female (Dr. Joh. Schmidt). South of Ireland, at Lat. 63°05’ N., Long. 20°00’ W., 920 m., a female was taken on the side of Centrophorus squamosus (Dr. Joh. Schmidt). At the Feroes L. Hippoglossi has been found several times by various collectors; somewhat east of these islands, at Lat. 62°30’ N., Long. 5°10’ W., 249 fath., numerous specimens were taken on Hzifpogl. vulgaris (Cand. mag. Ad. Jensen). Distribution. — Various places in Great Britain from Shetland to Cornwall (various authors) ; CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. | G iS) Belgium (v. Beneden). The Copenhagen Museum possesses specimens from the west coast of Norway, from Skager Rak, and Kroyer mentions it from Kattegat. Wilson records it from Cape Ann, Mass.; but when Brian (1898) records it from Pegli (Liguria) on Ovthagoriscus mola, the determination is probably wrong. 36. Lepeophtheirus Thompsoni Baird. 1850. Lepeophtheirus thompsoni Baird, Nat. Hist. Brit. Entom., p. 278, Pl. XXX, fig. 2. 1861. Caligus branchialis Steenstrup & Liitken, Kgl. D. Vid. Selsk. Skrifter, 5. Rekke, naturh. og math. Avid: B55. p02, ebabailiinations: 1863. Lepeophtheirus Rhombi Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskr. 3. Rekke, B. II, p. 192, Tab. V, fig. 5, a—i. — —- gibbus Kroyer, ibid. p. 195, Tab. XVII, fig. 2, a—i. -- — gracilescens Kroyer, ibid. p. 198, Tab. VI, fig. 2, a—1. ! 1905. — thompsom Wilson, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. Vol. XX XVIII, p. 619, Pl. XVIII, figs. 212—2I1Q. 11913. — -- T. & A. Scott, Brit. Paras. Copep. p. 69, Pl. XVII, fig. 3; Pl. XXV, fig. ro; Pl. XLVIII, figs. x3. Wilson gives the full synonymy with discussion, and he is probably right in his interpretations. — Scott describes the ramus of fourth legs as three-jointed, which is correct, but in his fig. 3 on Pl. XVII and fig. 3 on Pl. XLVIII the ramus is only two-jointed. Occurrence. — Not taken by the “Ingolf’. Feeroes. Taken on Hippoglossus vulgaris in 1863 by Sysselmand Miller; 11 females, 5 males. Distribution. — On the gills of Rhombus maximus at various places in the British Islands from southern Scotland to Plymouth and Cornwall (various authors). Kroyer mentions it as taken on Rhombus maximus and LR. levis both from Kattegat and the North Sea, probably the west coast of Jutland; Steenstrup & Liitken received it from Bohuslan, where it has been found by Malm and Olsson. Wilson mentions a spe- cimen taken in Woods Hole, Mass., and a specimen from the mouth of Cynoscion nobilis captured at La Jolla, California. 37. Lepeophtheirus Salmonis Kr. 1837—38. Caligus Salmonis Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskr. B. I, Tab. VI, fig. 7, a—e; B. II, p. 13. 1863. Lepeophtheivus = — Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskr. 3. Rekke, B. II, p. 211, Tab. XVII, fig. I, a-b. 11905. = salmonis Wilson, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. Vol. XXVIII, p. 640, Pl. XXIV, figs. 294—303. !IQ13. —: — T&A Scott; Brit) Paras. (Copepsp. 715) Pls vad isa S ey ae figs. LI—12. Occurrence. — Not taken by the “Ingolf’’. The Copenhagen Museum possesses 2 old specimens marked Greenland, consequently West Green- land, “Skjeellax’’, consequently Salmo salar. At West Iceland this species has been gathered at Hvita in Borgarfjord on Salmo trutta by Mag. sc. B. Semundsson; 12 females, 1 male. CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. 35} Distribution. — Taken at a number of places around the British Islands on forms of Salmo, chiefly on S. salar (T. & A. Scott). Kroyer records it as rather common on Salmo salay at Denmark; Olsson mentions it from Norway. Wilson records the species from New Foundland, Labrador, and Maine; besides from the Pacific coasts of America as found on various Salmonide at Alaska, at Monterey in California, etc. Trebius Kroyer. Of this genus only the single form from northern Europe has been found in the “Ingolf”’ area. 38. Trebius caudatus Kroyer. 1838. Tvehius caudatus Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskr. B. II, p. 30, Tab. I, fig. 4. 1863. — — Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskr. 3. Rekke, B. II, p. 223, Tab. X, fig. 1, a—k. ! 1907. — = Wilson, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. Vol. XXXI, p. 681, Pl. XV, figs. r11—13; Pl. XVI figs. 14—22; fig. 1 in the text. !IQ13. —— — TT. & A. Scott, Brit. Paras. Copep. p. 81, Pl. XXII, fig. 1—2; Pl. LIV, figs. 1—11. Scott commits a somewhat misleading error in the drawings of female and male (figs. 1 and 2 on PI. XXII) in not marking off from the carapace the third segment, which is free; furthermore the genital segment on the male seen from above has the rudimentary legs on the dorsal surface, which is wrong, as they are placed on the ventral surface and not visible from above. Occurrence. — Not taken by the “Ingolf’’. It is not known from Greenland or the Feeroes. At Iceland it has been gathered at three places, viz. at North Iceland in Skagestrand Bay, 50 fath., 1 female (Steincke) ; at South-West Iceland in Grindavik on Raja batis, 18 females and 1 male (Mag. sc. B. Semundsson) ; finally off South Iceland at Vestman-Oerne, on the head and back of Raja batis, 34 females, 6 males (Mag. sc. R. H6rring). ” Distribution. —T. & A. Scott write: “Parasitic on skates, rays, dogfishes, etc.’ and they put together localities from Scotland, the Irish Sea and South England. Kroyer records it from the northern Katte- gat on Galeus canis; Olsson from Skager Rak and Storeggen (West of Norway) on Raja batis and once on Raja fullonica. It is not known from the Atlantic coast of Amerika. Dinematura Latr. Of this fine genus 2 species occur within our area. — With most Zoologists I prefer the name Dine- matura, an amelioration by Burmeister of the earlier Dinemoura or Dinemura. 39. Dinematura ferox Kr. (Pl. III, figs. 5 a—5 g.) 1838. Dinematura ferox Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskr. B. II, p. 40, Tab. I, fig. 5. !186r. = — Steenstrup & Liitken, Kgl. D. Vid. Selsk. Skrifter 5. Reekke, naturh. og math. Afd. B. 5, p. 376—77, Tab. VII, fig. 14. ! 1907. — — Wilson, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. Vol. XXXIII, p. 377, Pl. XXII, figs. 7o—78. . The Ingolf-Expedition. III. 7. 5 34 CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. The numerous figures of the females of D. ferox Kr. and D. producta Mill. given by Steenstrup & Liitken and by Wilson have made these animals on the whole well known. Though D. ferox is rather common in the “Ingolf”’ area and D. producta not rare in the North Atlantic the males have hitherto been undiscovered. In our Zoological Museum I found a male determined (probably by Ljiitken) as D. ferox and sent down from Greenland in 1864; besides the “Thor” captured a specimen off Iceland in 1903, and this is the type for my figures. The type is 18 mm. long in the median line; the other specimen is Ig mm. The carapace (fig. 5 a) is nearly circular in outline, only a little broader than long when measured to the end of the posterior corners; each postero-lateral produced part is nearly triangular and reaches, not including its marginal lamella, to the posterior margin of the second free segment. The third free thoracic segment is a little longer than the second; it is expanded on the sides, with the lateral margins strongly but somewhat irregularly convex, and it has, in contradistinction to the male of D. latifolia Stp. & Ltk., no trace of any plate-shaped expansion above the anterior angles of the following segment. This, the genital segment, is somewhat longer than broad, with the lateral margins a little and regularly convex; the surface has two long, longitudinal impressions. Behind the genital segment two segments are found; the first small with the lateral margins convex or even angular; the terminal segment is much larger, distinctly broader than long, with the posterior margin very convex. — Each caudal ramus nearly longer than the two posterior segments combined, nearly twice, or more than twice, as long as broad, with 3 pubescent setze on the posterior margin, and a shorter seta on the outer margin somewhat before the end. The appendages, excepting antennee and fourth legs, nearly as in the female. The terminal hook of the antennee (fig. 5 c) has its distal third somewhat feebly curved, as in the female, while it is much more curved in the female D. producta; the hook differs from that of the female in having a moderately long, very robust and much recurved secondary claw atthe end of its first third. — The maxillule (fig. 5 d) as in the female; they differ from those in the female D. producta in the shape of first joint and in the relative length of the two other joints; first joint has a short, somewhat thick exopod terminating in two slender and short rami, and each of them with a minute terminal spine. — The maxillee (fig. 5 e) as in the female; fig. 5 f shows the armature of the curious lateral, thin-skinned process, and besides how the long, terminal, soft part is equipped with numerous minute, sharp prickles, most of them arranged in lines. — The maxillipeds (fig. 5 g) have the distal inner part of the very thick first joint adorned with knots as in the female, but partly less produced ; second joint about as long as thick, while the real claw is long as in the female, considerably longer than in the female of D. producta. — ‘The three anterior pairs of natatory legs as in the female. Fourth legs, which in the female have both rami lamellar, unjointed and without sete or spines, are in the male somewhat small, with both rami biarticulated and equipped with spines and pubescent setae, as also — according to Wilson — is the case in the male of D. latifolia. Occurrence. — Not taken by the “Ingolf’’. It has been gathered several times at northern West Greenland, viz. at Umanak (Lat. 70°42’ N.), Ikerasak (ab. Lat. 70°30’ N.), Ritenbenk (Lat. 69°44’ N.), Jakobshavn (Lat. 69°13’ N.) and Egedesminde (Lat. 68°42’ N.); Miers recorded it from Hare Isl. (ab. Lat. 70°25’N.) and Umanak. Furthermore it has CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. 35, been secured at North-West Iceland, especially in Dyrefjord; at the Feeroes it has been taken three times. In some cases the name of the host is not given, in other cases the host was Sommniosus microcephalus; in a few cases it is only said that it was found on a shark, which probably always has been the species named. The male specimen taken as type was captured south of Iceland: Lat. 63°05’ N., Long. 20°00’ W., 920 m., on Centrophorus squamosus (Dr. Joh. Schmidt). Distribution. — D. ferox was secured at Hammerfest, Finmark (M. Sars), but has not yet been found at Great Britain or the Atlantic coast of America. Whether it is identical with D. carcharodonti Thomp- son (1889) from New Zealand, as suggested by Bassett-Smith and Wilson, seems to me somewhat doubtful. 40. Dinematura producta Mill. 1785. Caligus productus O. F. Miller, Entomostraca, p. 132, Tab. XXI, fig. 3—4. !1861. Dinematura producta Steenstrup & Liitken, Kgl. D. Vid. Sélsk. Skrifter, 5. Reekke, naturh. og math. Afd. B. 5, p. 370—76, Tab. VII, fig. 13. 1863. ©. — Lamne Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskr. 3. Rekke. B. II, p. 253. 1907. — producta Wilson, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. Vol. XX XIII, p. 380, Pl. XXIII, fig. 79—87. !Ig13. — — ‘1. &A. Scott, Brit. Paras. Copep., p. 86, Pl. XXII, fig. 3; Pl. XXVIL, figs. 1—3; Pl. XXVII, figs. r—8. Occurrence. — Not taken by the “Ingolf”’. Steenstrup & Liitken write that D. producta has been taken on Lamna cornubica two or three times at the Feroes, and the Copenhagen Museums possesses 6 specimens examined by these authors. (Among specimens of D. feyox from Jakobshavn, West Greenland, I found a single specimen of D. producta, but it is impossible to decide with certainty whether that specimen has incidentally been mixed up with D. ferox by some earlier student or it originates really from Greenland.) Distribution. —T. & A. Scott put together several localities from the British Islands; it has been found from near Shetland to Cornwall, generally on Lamna cornubica, but once on Alopias vulpes. Steenstrup & Liitken mentions it from the Kattegat on Lamna. Cand. mag. Ad. Jensen took it on Lamna off Norway at Lat. 63°56’ N., Long. 6°11’ E.; Kroyer possessed specimens taken on the same shark at Alten, Finmark. Wilson records it from Casco Bay, Maine, and from Lat. 38°07’ N., Long. 74°21’ W. Echthrogaleus Stp. & Ltk. Only one species of this curious genus has been found within our area. 41. Echthrogaleus coleoptratus Guérin. 1837. Dinematura coleoptrata Guerin, Icon. Régne Animal, Pl. XXXV, fig. 6. !1861. Echthrogaleus ae Steenstrup & Liitken, Kgl. D. Vid. Selsk. Skrifter, 5. Rekke, naturv. og math. Afd. B.5, p. 380; Tab. VIII, fig. 13. 11907. — = Wilson, Proc: U.S. Nat. Mus. Vol. XX XIII, p. 367, Pl. XIX, figs. 4o—-50. 1913. — — T. & A, Scott, Brit. Paras. Copep. p. 89, Pl. XXII, fig. 4. Occurrence, — Not taken by the “Ingolf’. 36 CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. At the Feeroes this species has been secured two times on Acanthias vulgaris by Sysselmand Miller; one among them is referred with some little doubt to this species by Steenstrup & Liitken, but the differences pointed out by them are of no specific value. Distribution. — According to T. & A. Scott taken on Lamna cornubica near Fair Island, and at places in Scotland; at Polperro, Cornwall, both on the shark mentioned and on Carcharias glaucus. Olsson records it from Bohuslin. The Copenhagen Museum possesses it both from the northern and the southern temperate Atlantic. A. Brian records it (1899) from Porto Ferraio on Carcharodon Rondeleti1; Stebbing had it from Table Bay, on Ovthagoriscus mola. T. & A. Scott write: “The distribution of this Echthrogaleus is extensive and includes the seas of Europe, the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of North America and the coast of South Africa’’; Wilson records it from Woods Hole, Mass. and from near Unalaska, Alaska. Pandarus Leach. Of this large genus only a single species has been taken in the “Ingolf”’ area. 42. Pandarus bicolor Leach. 1816. Pandarus bicolor Leach, Annulosa, p. 405, Pl. XX, figs. i—2. 1816. — Boscw Leach, ibid. p. 406, Pl. XX, figs. i—1o. 1838. —- bicolor Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskr. B. II, p. 34, Tab. I, fig. 6. 1863. — — Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskr. 3. Rekke, B. II, p. 261. ! 1907. — — Wilson, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. Vol. XX XIII, p. 400, Pl. X XVII, figs. 114—123. 11913. — — TT. & A. Scott, Brit. Paras. Copep. p.95, Pl. XXI, fig. 2; Pl. XXII, figs. 5—6; Pl. XXVI, figs. 4—19; Pl. LVIII, figs. 1—8. [With synonymy. ]. Occurrence. — Not taken by the “Ingolf’’. In Faxefjord, West Iceland, 2 ovigerous females respectively on the upper and the lower side of the ventral fins of Acanthias vulgaris; Mag. sc. R. Horring, Aug. 7, Igor. Distribution. — According to T. & A. Scott living on Galeus canis, Carcharias glaucus, Scyllium catulus, and Squalus mustelus, at various places on the British Island, from Shetland to Plymouth. Not very rare at Bahuslan and in Skager Rak on Acanthias vulgaris (Olsson). Kroyer records it from the northern Katte- gat and the North Sea, on Galeus canis; v. Beneden from the coast of Belgium, and Brian (1898) from Liguria on Oxyrrhina Spallanzanit. Nesippus Heller. Only a single species found in our area. 43. Nesippus borealis Stp. & Ltk. ! Nogagus borealis Steenstrup & Liitken, Kgl. D. Vid. Selsk. Skrifter, 5. Rekke, naturv. og math. Afd. B. V, p. 387, Tab. XI, fig. 21. !Nesippus — Wilson, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. Vol. XXXIiI, p. 437, Pl. XXXVII, figs. 224—231. This species has been established on 3 males, and the female is still unknown. The fine animals agree well with Steenstrup & Ljiitken’s figures, excepting as to one point, viz. the shape of the caudal rami. CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. 3 These plates do not reach beyond the end of the anal segment; each plate has the posterior margin transverse and a little convex, with three strong setee, while the fourth seta is placed on the outer margin much nearer to its base than to the terminal margin; in reality the caudal rami agree — also in one of the type-spe- cimens, as to shape and length with Wilson’s fig. 234 and not with fig. 21 of the Danish authors. On the exopod of fourth legs I found 3 spines, as drawn by Steenstrup & Liitken, while Wilson has only 2; the equipment of the antennulee agrees with the figure and description of the Danish authors, not with Wilson’s statement, and the same is the case as to the posterior lobes of the carapace. The differences between Wilson’s specimen from the boreal Pacific and the Atlantic specimens are, however, so small that they may be due to individual or geographical variation. Occurrence. — Not taken by the “Ingolf”’, but in pelagic hauls at a good number of places. South-East of Greenland: Lat. 57°56’ N., Long. Ane 2’ W. June 8, 1883, at 8 o’clock in the evening, Captain Ryder; I specimen. — - _- Lat. 58°11’ N., Long. 38°53’ W., young-fish trawl, 30m. wire out, ““Tjalfe’’, Oct. I. 1908; I specimen. — - — Lat. 58°23’ N., Long. 34°41’ W., surface, “Tjalfe’’; I specimen. West of Iceland: Lat. 65°00’ N., Long. 28°10’ W., young-fish trawl, 15 m. wire out, “Thor’, June 18, 1904; I specimen. South of Iceland: Lat. 63°08’ N., Long. 21°30’ W., young-fish trawl, 70 m. wire out, “Thor’’, July 9, 1904; I specimen. — - — Jat. 61°N., Long. 20° W. Olrik. July 12, 1867; I specimen. — - — Lat. 61°34’N., Long. 19°05’ W., young-fish trawl, 400 m. wire out, “Thor”, July 10, 1904; I specimen. — = = Lat. 61°30’ N., Long. 17°08’ W., young-fish trawl, 70 m. wire out, “Thor”, July II, 1904; 2 specimens. a = Lat. 63°14’ N., Long. 15°36’ W., young-fish trawl, 200 m. wire out, “Thor’’, May 24, 1904; I specimen. — - — Jat. 62°47’ N., Long. 15°03’ W., young-fish trawl, “Thor’, May 24, 1904; I spec- imen. Distribution. — This species has been taken several times somewhat south of the “Ingolf’”’ area at the following places: Lat. 58°40’ N., Long. 30°40’ W., surface, “Tjalfe’; 1 specimen. — Lat. 58°24’ N., Long. 30°35’ W., 500 m. wire out, “Tjalfe’”’; 1 specimen. — Lat. 59°41’ N., Long. 25°02’ W., 500 m. wire out, “Tyjalfe” ; 3 specimens. — Lat. 59°25’ N., Long. 22°56’ W., surface, “Tjalfe’; 1 specimen. — Lat. 58° N.., Long. 19° W., Inspektor Olrik (Stp. & Ltk.). — Lat. 59° N., Long. 8° W. Captain Moberg (Stp. & Ltk.). Besides the “Thor’”’ has gathered NV. borealis at two places South-West of Ireland, viz. at Lat. 51°28’ N., Long. 11°50’ W., I specimen; and Lat. 51°00’ N., Long. 11°43’ W., I specimen. T. & A. Scott does not men- tion it from Great Britain; Wilson records a specimen from Alaska. 38 CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. Il. Family Dichelestiide. Only 2 genera have hitherto been found in the “Ingolf’” area. Hatschekia Poche. Only a single species is known from our area. 44. Hatschekia Hippoglossi Kr. 1837. Clavella Hippoglossi Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskr. B.I, p. 205, Tab. II, fig.3 & 3a. !1913. Hatschekia hippoglossi 'T. & A. Scott, Brit. Paras. Copep. p. 112, Pl. XX XIII, figs. 3—4; Pl. XXXIV figs. 8—1I. Occurrence. — Taken by the “Ingolf’”’ at three places on Hippoglossus vulgaris. North-West Iceland: Isefjord; 11 females. —- —- Dyrefjord; 4 females. South-West — Reykjavik; 5 females. The Copenhagen Museum possesses several specimens from West Greenland, some among them with- out special locality, while 6 specimens are from Godhavn (Disko Isl.) at Lat. 69°14’ N. Furthermore numerous specimens have been secured by Mag. sc. W. Lundbeck in Onundarfjord, North-West Iceland ; some spec- imens by Mag. sc. B. Semundsson in Faxe Bugt, West Iceland; and some by Dr. A. C. Johansen in Havne- fjord, South-West Iceland; always on the gills of Hippoglossus vulgaris. Distribution. — Not uncommon in the British seas (T. & A. Scott). Kroyer possessed it from Den- mark; Olsson records it from Skager Rak and Storeggen, West Norway; v. Beneden had it evidently from Belgium. Sabellacheres M. Sars. This genus, which probably belongs to the present family, comprises only a single species. 45. Sabellacheres gracilis M. Sars. 1861. Sabellacheres gracilis M. Sars, Christiania Vid. Selsk. Forh. for 1861, p. 50. Occurrence. — Not taken by the “Ingolf’’. From the Riks Museum in Stockholm I have received a bottle with a large Annelid, according to the label being Myxicola Steenstrupit Kr., taken by O. Torell at Proven, West Greenland, at Lat. 72°23’ N., and bearing the parasitic Copepod. However, the parasite could not be found; I suppose that it has been lost before sent to me, but thinking it has been correctly determined, I venture to record it here as belonging to the fauna of West Greenland. Distribution. — Tromsé, Finmark, on Myxicola Sarsii (M. Sars). CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. 39 Division Lerneeoida. Family Lerneeide. Peniculus Nordm. Only one species has been found in the “Ingolf’’ area. 46. Peniculus clavatus O. F. Mill. 1776. Lernea clavata O. F. Miiller, Zool. Danicze Prodromus p. 227. 1777—79. — ——" ©° Muller, Zool. Danica, I, p. 38, Tab. XX XIII, fig. 1. 1863. Pemculus clavatus Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskr., 3. Rekke, B. II, p. 340, Tab. XIV, fig. 8, a—g. 1868. = — Olsson, Lunds Univers. Arsskr. f. 1868, p. 27, Tab. II, fig. to—r1. !IQI7. — — Wilson, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., Vol. 53, p. 46, Pl. I, figs. 1—7. The specimens seen by me agree with Wilson’s description and figures, but Olsson’s figure of the head differs materially in shape, and Kroyer’s figures are unsatisfactory. In spite of the differences I suppose that all three authors have examined specimens of the same species, especially as all their specimens had been taken on the unpaired fins of Sebastes marinus. Occurrence. — Taken by the “Ingolf’’ at two stations. Davis Strait: Stat. 33: Lat. 67°57’ N., Long. 55°30’ W., 35 fath., temp. 0°.8; 4 specimens on the dorsal fins of Tviglops Pingelit. — — Stat. 34: Lat. 65°17’ N., Long. 54°17’ W., 55 fath.; I specimen on the lower side of a ventral fin of Sebastes marinus. Finally 3 specimens of the parasite have been taken at Jakobshavn (Lat. 69°13’ W.), West Greenland, by Mag. sc. Traustedt, two among them respectively on the base of the right pectoral fin and on the base of the anal fin of Tviglops Pingelit. Kréyer’s two specimens were found on the caudal fin of a specimen of Sebastes marinus from West Greenland. Distribution. — O. F. Miller had his specimens from Drobak, Christiania Fjord, and Olsson records it from near Aalesund, West Norway. Wilson’s specimens were secured off Cape Ann, Mass., and off Salem, Mass. All three authors record only Sebastes marinus as the host. Sarcotretes Jungersen. Wilson (1917) refers 6 species to this genus, but only one has been found in the “Ingolf” area. 47. Sarcotretes Scopeli Jungersen. TgIt. Sarcotretes scopeli Jungersen, Vid. Medd. Nat. Forening Kjobenhavn, B. 64, p. 1—21, Pls. I—II, figs. I—26; ibid. p. 21I—214. Occurrence and Distribution. — Not taken by the “Ingolf’’. This parasite has only been found on Scopelus glacialis. In the entrance to the Davis Strait it has been captured at Lat. 60°07’ N., Long. 48°26’ W. and West of Greenland at 7 stations up to 70°41’ N., by 40 CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. the “Tjalfe’ (Cand. mag. Ad. Jensen), and West of Iceland at Lat. 65°00’ N., Long. 28°10’ W. by the “Thor” (Dr. Joh. Schmidt). Besides it has been secured by the “Thor” at a number of stations between Lat. 63°10’ N. and 48°04’ N., Long. 18°46’ W. and 4°33’ W.; one among these stations is situated South of Iceland, one North-West of the Feeroes, and two South-West of the Feroes; the other stations are outside the “Ingolf”’ area, and the most southern South-West of Ireland; the depth was always considerable, “from 100 to 600 met. below the surface’’. Jungersen (1. c.) gives a complete list of the stations, with elucidations. Lerneocera Blainville. It is with reluctance that I follow Wilson in adopting Blainville’s name for this genus, the type of which is generally known as Lernea branchialis I,. Only a single species has been found in our area. 48. Lernezeocera branchialis L. 1767. Lernea branchialis Linné, Systema Nature, 12th Ed., Vol. I, pt. 2, p. 1092. 1780. — _ gadina O. Fabricius, Fauna Groenl. p. 336. !r86r. — branchialis Steenstrup & Liitken, Kgl. D. Vid. Selsk. Skr., 5. Rekke, naturv. og math. Afd. Bi 5s 403) babs xOuie tiene 2 3: ~- -— — var. sigmoidea Steenstrup & Ljiitken, ibid. p. 404, Tab. XIII, fig. 29. 1868. — — Claus, Gesellsch. Naturw. Marburg, B.9, Suppl., p. 16, Taf. 3—4. 1913. — --- T. & A. Scott, Brit. Paras. Copep. p. 142, Pls. XLII—xXLIII. !19g17. Lern@ocera — Wilson, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., Vol. 53, p. 85; Pl. 10, fig. 88; Pl. 12, figs. g93—107; JEN, 307%, satez, IOAO), Occurrence. — Taken by the “Ingolf” at a single place. North-West Iceland: Isefjord, on the branchiz of Gadus callarias. 6 specimens. This species is common at West Greenland, having been taken on the branchiz of Gadus ogac or G. callarias at Godhavn, in Disko Bay, at Egedesminde, Ikamiut, Holstensborg, Godthaab, Arsuk, Juliane- haab and Tunugliarfik, thus between Lat. 69°14’ N. and 60°43’ N. It is not known from East Greenland. At North-West Iceland L. branchialts has been gathered in Adelvig, Isefjord and Dyrefjord; at South- West Iceland in Havnefjord and Grindavik; at North Iceland in Skagestrand Bugt, in Ofjord, and at Lat. 66°19’ N., Long. 14°33’ W. — It has also been found at the Feeroes. Distribution. — According to T. & A. Scott taken at a good number of places around the coasts of the British Islands on various species of Gadoids, “while young females with males attached to them may be found on the gill-filaments of flat-fishes such as the flounder, Pleuronectes flesus’’. Adult females have also been found on a good number of Callionymus lyra and on a Centronotus gunnellus. Furthermore known from Denmark, the western coasts of Sweden, Norway and Belgium. Wilson records it from the coasts of Maine and Massachusetts, and from Georges Banks. CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. AI Hzemobaphes Stp. & Ltk. Only a single species is known from our area. 49. Heemobaphes cyclopterina O. Fabr. 1780. Lernea cyclopterina O. Fabricius, Fauna Groenl. p. 337. 1837. —- — Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskr. B. I, p. 502, Tab. V, fig. 4, a—e. !1861. Hemobaphes — Steenstrup & Liitken, Kgl. D. Vid. Selsk. Skr., 5. Rekke, naturv. og math. Afd. B.5, p. 405, Tab. XIII, fig. 30. 1913. _ — T. & A. Scott, Brit. Paras. Cop. p. 147, Pl. XLIV, figs. 5—7. !IQI7. — — Wilson, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 53, p. 95, Pl. 14, figs. 114—1r18. Occurrence. — Taken by the “Ingolf”’ at a single place. West Greenland: Holstensborg (Lat. 66°56’ N.), on Mallotus villosus, at the beach; I specimen. This parasite has been found within the “Ingolf” area on the following species of fishes: Cottus scor- pius, Cottus bubalis, Icelus bicornis Reinh. (= I. hamatus Kr.), Sebastes marinus, Gunellus fasciatus, Gymnelis viridis, Gadus saida, Gadus merlangus, Cyclopterus spinosus, Liparis Reinharti and Lip. tunicata. At West- Greenland it has been taken several times, and the recorded localities are: Littleton Island (Miers), Lille Karajak Fjord (Vanhdéffen), Godhavn, Egedesminde, and Sukkertoppen, thus from Lat. 78°24’ to Lat. 65°25’ N. — Furthermore it has been secured at South-West Iceland: Reykjavik and Havnefjord; finally at the Feeroes. Distribution. — Dunbar, Firth of Forth and Irish Sea, on Agonus cataphractus and Centronotus gunnellus (T. & A. Scott). At America taken on Lycenchelys (Lycodes) Verrilliz in the Gulf of Maine and “near La Have’; finally in the Sea of Japan off Korea on Cyclogaster ingens (Wilson). Pennella Oken. Two species have been found in the most south-easterly part of the “Ingolf” area. 50. Pennella crassicornis Stp. & Ltk. 1861. Pennella crassicornis Steenstrup & Liitken, Kgl. D. Vid. Selsk. Skr. 5. Rekke, naturv. og math. Afd. B 5; p. 416, Lab, XV, fie. 34. Occurrence. — The Danish authors established this species on a number of specimens received from Specimen Miiller and taken at the Feroes on a specimen of Hyperoodon rostratus. Distribution. — Found on a Hyferoodon captured in Lille Belt, Denmark (Steenstrup & Ljitken). 51. Pennella Balzenopterz Kor. & Dan. 1877. Pennella Balenoptere Koren & Danielssen, Fauna littoralis Norvegiz, pt. 3, p. 157, Pl. 16, figs. I—g. !1905. = — Turner, Trans. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh, Vol. 41, pt. 2, No. 18, p. 409—34, Pls. JEN Occurrence. — Of this gigantic species 4 specimens have been secured at the Feeroes on a finner whale, probably Balenoptera musculus, by Captain Gron. The Ingolf-Expedition. III. 7. 6 42 CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. Distributién. — Koren & Danielssen records specimens as taken on Balenoptera rostrata, certainly off Norway; Turner’s specimens were given him by the manager of a whaling station in the north of Shetland as taken on Bal. musculus; Anthony & Calvey found it at Cette on Bal. physalus. Family Sphyriide. Sphyrion Cuv. Only a single species has been found within our area. 52. Sphyrion Lumpi Kroyer. 1845. Lestes Lumpfi Kroyer, Danmarks Fiske, B. I], p. 517 (nomen nudum). 1863. Lesteiva Lumpi Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskr. 3. Rekke, B. II, p. 399, Tab. XVIII, fig. 5, a—g. 1869. i — Steenstrup, Overs. Kgl. D. Vid. Selsk. Selsk. Forhandl., 1861, p. 182, Tab. II, fig. 4—5. 1913. Sphyrion lumpfi T. & A. Scott, Brit. Paras. Cop. p. 164, Pl. LI, figs. 3, 4. !IgI9Q. —- — Wilson, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 55, p. 570, Pls. 50, 51, and 52. Occurrence. — Not secured by the “Ingolf”’. At northern West Greenland it has been taken at Umanak (Lat. 70°42’ N.) by Fleischer, and at Ikerasak (Lat. 70°30’ N.) by Olrik. — At Iceland it has been found four times, at least once on Cyclopterus lumpus; special localities are: Reykjavik (Gréndal), and south-east of Vestman-Oerne, in the stomach of Raja batis (Mag. sc. R. Horring). Distribution. — On a specimen of Sebastes marinus from Lat. 621/.° N., Long. 1°56’ E., 275—-300 fath., captured by the “Michael Sars’’ (Cand. mag. Ad. Jensen) 3 specimens near each other at the anus; one of these specimens is very large, another more than half-grown, and the third is small. T. & A. Scott record it from Aberdeen on Cyclopterus lumpus and from the North Sea on Anarrhichas lupus. Wilson records it from off Cape Cod on Sebastes marinus, from off New Jersey on Nematonurus Goodet and Haloporphyrus viola. Family Chondracanthide. The two old genera Chondvacanthus Delaroche and Diocus Kr. are well represented in the “Ingolf” area. The genus Tanyfleurus Stp. & Itk., which is imperfectly known, is, at least provisionally, referred to the present family. Chondracanthus Delaroche. From the “Ingolf’’ area 6 species are enumerated here; if one would follow T. & A. Scott’s work a seventh species, C. flure Kr., established by Kroyer on specimens from Iceland, should be accepted, but judging from the considerable variation in shape among specimens of C. cornutus, C. flure must be regarded as a variety. The females of some species show rather considerable individual variation and very few features affording specific characters; a rich material not only from the “Ingolf”’ area but from Norway, Great Britain and France must be studied, if all difficulties shall be solved. The figures and descriptions of the males in the literature are generally of slight or no value as to the separation of species, which is easily understood, as males belonging to different but allied species are not CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. 43 only very similar in general aspect, but their thickness and curvature make a thorough examination of most of their appendages very difficult; it will be no easy task for a future carcinologist to have the appendages arranged so that the same pair in different species can be seen and drawn nearly exactly from the same side, but that it necessary for a real comparison, for pointing out specific characters. Some few remarks on males may be given here. I have examined males of C. cornutus, C. Lophi, C. nodosus, and C. vadiatus. In the last-named form the two pairs of thoracic appendages are very distinctly biramous (Pl. III, fig. 6 d) and larger than in the other species; their sympod is very oblong, the exopod more than half as long as the sympod, and the endopod considerably shorter and thinner than the exopod. In males of C. Lop/ii the first pair of legs is scarcely larger than the second, the sympod is robust, the exopod terminal, extremely small in the first and somewhat larger in the second pair, while in both pairs a rudimentary endopod exists on the inner side of the sympod somewhat before its end. In C. cornutus the first pair of legs is conspicuously larger than the second, and both are seemingly unramified, consisting of an oval sympod terminating in two or three strong setee. In a male of C. nodosus I found these two pairs of legs considerably smaller than in the other forms; first pair a little shorter than second, and both pairs simple, as in C. coynutus. — Specific differences are also to be found in second joint of the maxillipeds which is distinctly produced into a protuberance below the insertion of third joint, but in C. vadiatus (fig. 6 b) considerably more produced than in the three other species. The caudal rami are also much longer in C. vadiatus (fig. 6 e) than in the other forms mentioned. 53. Chondracanthus cornutus O. F. Mill. 1776. Lernea cornuta O. F. Miller, Zool. Danicee Prodromus, p. 227. 1777—79.- — — O.F. Miller, Zool. Danica, I, p. 40, Tab. X XXIII, fig. 6. 11863. Chondracanthus cornutus Kroyer, Naturh. Tidsskr. 3. Rekke, B. II, p. 323, 329, Tab. XIII, fig. 7, a—d. ! — ~- Flure Kroyer, ibid. p. 323, 330, Tab. XIII, fig. 6, a—b. 11913. — cornutus T. & A. Scott, Brit. Paras. Cop. p. 168, Pl. XLVII, figs. 1, 2; Pl. LII, fig. 5; Pl. LIII, figs. r—9 [with synonymy]. — = fluve T. & A. Scott, ibid. p. 171, Pl. XLVII, fig. 5; Pl. LIII, figs. r1o—11. It is seen that in spite of Kroyer and T. & A. Scott, I find it necessary to cancel C. flure Kr. asa separate species. The English authors quoted say that C. cornutus lives on Pleuronectes platessa, and C. flure has only been found on Drepanopsetta platessoides. On the gills of the last-named fish Mag. sc. W. Lundbeck took 11 females in Onundarfjord (Iceland) ; they vary considerably in shape, showing every transition between the long and narrow typical C. cornutus to the rather broad C. flure with the two thoracic segments subequal in length and sharply marked off, though even the broadest specimen is a little longer and less broad than Kroyer’s types. And the same zoologist found in Pleur. platessa captured in the same fjord a female (with ovisacs) which is very broad and short with the thoracic segments well marked off, a typical C. flure. Spec- imens taken by the “Ingolf’”’ on Pleur. platessa in Seydisfjord differ also much in outline; one among them agrees with Kroéyer’s figure of C. flurg, another nearly with his figure of C. cornutus. At West Greenland, 6* 44 CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. where Pleury. platessa does not live, Mag. sc. Traustedt has taken a typical specimen of C. flure and besides 3 specimens, which are rather slender and more similar to the typical C. cornutus than to C. flure; all 4 spec- imens have probably lived on Drepanopsetta. Occurrence. — Taken by the “Ingolf’’ at two places, on Pleuronectes platessa. North-West Iceland: Dyrefjord; 10 females. East Iceland: Seydisfjord; 6 females. At West Greenland it has been found at Jakobshavn and Egedesminde, perhaps also at Godthaab. — Mag. sc. W. Lundbeck has, as already mentioned, gathered it in Onundarfjord, North-West Iceland; at South-West Iceland it has been found in Havnefjord (Fritz Johansen). — Dr. A. C. Johansen took a considerable number on Pleur. platessa at Thorshavn, Stré6m6, one of the Feeroes. Distribution. — “Various parts of the British coasts” (T. & A. Scott); Roscoff (C. Vogt); Belgium (v. Beneden) ; Bohuslan, in Plewronectes flesus and P. limanda (Olsson); Skager Rak not far from the Danish coast (Olsson); Massachusetts (Mary Rathbun). 54. Chondracanthus Limande Kr. 11863. Chondracanthus Limand@ Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskr. 3. Rekke, B. II, p. 322, 330, Tab. XIV, fig. 2, a—b. !IQ13. — limande T. & A. Scott, Brit. Paras. Cop. p. 174, Pl. XLVII, fig. 6; Pl. LVI, figs. rz, 12. The three females from our area agree so much with Kroyer’s description and figures of C. Limande and differ so sharply from the other species established on parasites on flat fishes, that they must be referred to that form. The first thoracic segment is dorsally very short and nearly confluent with the second segment, which is broad, moderately long and with a pair of large, dorso-lateral, rounded protuberances; second legs are somewhat short, thick, and nearly inflated. Occurrence. — Taken by the “Ingolf”’ at a single locality. Feroes: Trangisvaag, on the lower branchia and in the gill-cavity of Pleuronectes flesus; 3 females. Firth of Clyde, Moray Firth, and Irish Sea; on Pleuronectes limanda (T. & A. Scott). — Kattegat, on the same flat fish (Kroyer). Distribution. 55. Chondracanthus clavatus Bassett-Smith. 1896. Chondracanthus clavatus Bassett-Smith, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 6. ser. Vol. XVIII, p. 13, Pl. V, fig. 6. ! 1913. — — T.&A. Scott, Brit. Paras. Cop. p. 175, Pl. XLVI, fig. 7; Pl. LVI, figs. 14, 15. Occurrence. — ‘Taken by the “Ingolf”’ at a single locality. Feeroes: Trangisvaag, below in the branchial cavities and on the lowest gills of Pleuronectes micro- cephalus; 12 females. Furthermore 9 specimens have been taken on the same flat fish at the same locality by Mag. sc. R. Horring. Distribution. — Hitherto only recorded by British authors, from Plymouth, Firths of Forth and Clyde. CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. 45 56. Chondracanthus nodosus O. F. Miill. 1770! Lernea nodosa O. ¥. Miller, Zool. Danicee Prodromus, p. 227. 1777—790. — — O.F. Miller, Zool. Danica, I, p. 40, Tab. XXXIII, fig. 5. 1780. -— — O. Fabricius, Fauna Groenl. p. 341. 1838. Chondracanthus nodosus Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskr. B. II, p. 133, Tab. III, fig. 2, a—f. 1863. — — Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskr. 3. Rekke B. II, p. 332. !I913. — = be AY Scott, Brit. Paras, Cop, p. 176, Pl: Lil, figs. 1 —3;) Pl. XLVIIL, figs. 13—16. Occurrence. — Not secured by the “Ingolf’’. This species lives on Sebastes marinus. It has been taken some times at West Greenland; special localities are Godthaab and Julianehaab (Lat. 60°43’ N.). — Kroyer records it from the Feeroes. Distribution. — North Sea (T. Scott); Norway, f. inst. off Bergen; Skager Rak, and the Sound (Olsson). 57. Chondracanthus Lophii Johns. 1836. Chondracanthus Lophit Johnston, London’s Mag. Nat. Hist. Vol. IX, p. 81, fig. 16. 1837. — gibbosus Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskr. B.I, p. 252, Pl. II, fig. 4, 4a; Pl. III, fig. 2, a—c. 11862. — lophu Turner & Wilson, Trans. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh, Vol. XXIII, pt. I, p. 67, Pl. III. 1863. — gibbosus Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskr. 3. Rekke, B. II, p. 332. !I9Q13. —- lophu T. & A. Scott, Brit. Paras. Cop. p.179, Pl. LII, fig. 4; Pl. LVI, figs. r6—18. Occurrence. — Not taken by the “Ingolf”’. This species lives on Lophius piscatorius; the Copenhagen Museum possesses 2 females from the Me- diterranean and taken on Lophius Budegasse. It is not known from Greenland or Iceland. At the Feeroes it has been taken in Aadnafjord and Kalbaksfjord by Mag. sc. R. Ho6rring. Distribution. — Moderately common at Great Britain and Ireland (various authors); Roscoff (C. Vogt); Belgium (v. Beneden); Skager Rak (Olsson); Hirtsholmen (Kroyer); Kullaberg (Lilljeborg); in the Sound north of Hveen (G. Winther, according to a handwritten note). The Copenhagen Museum possesses it from Bergen, from Villafranca and the Adriatic. 58. Chondracanthus radiatus O. F. Mill. (Pl. III, figs..6 a—6 e.) 77a: Lernea radiata O. F. Miller, Zool. Danicee Prodromus, p. 226. W779. — O.F. Miller, Zool. Danica, I, p. 39, Pl. XX XIII, fig. 4. 1780. — — O. Fabricius, Fauna Groenl. p. 340. - 11863. Chondracanthus radiatus Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskr. 3. Reekke, B. II, p. 325, 331, Tab. XIV, fig. 5,a—. Kroyer has published a detailed and on the whole good description (in Danish) of the adult female, together with a figure of a half-grown female. His description and figures of the adult male are less satis- factory, and therefore five figures are given here. Fig. 6 a shows the antennula, which is indistinctly divided into 3 joints. Figs. 6 b and 6c represent the left maxilla and the maxilliped drawn with the same degree of 46 CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. enlargement and consequently showing not only their shape but their relative size. In the maxilliped the second joint is, as mentioned above, strongly produced as a process below the third joint, so that this process together with third joint and the real claw constitutes a kind of imperfect chela; the process has its rounded end equipped with some minute bristles. Fig. 6d exhibits the two left thoracic legs described above (p. 43); fig. 6 e the posterior part of the body with the caudal rami, each terminating in a very thick spine not longer than the ramus. ; Remarks. — A. Brian described and figured! a female with its male of a Chondracanthus, which he referred with a query to Ch. vadiatus; the parasite was found on Coryphenoides gigas captured at Lat. 38°08’ N., Long. 23°183/,’ W. Judging from Brian’s figures of female and male the parasite cannot belong to Ch. radiatus. The female differs from this species in various particulars, most of them noted by Brian (who has translated a considerable portion of Kroyer’s text into French) ; and his figure of the male differs in various features. Thus the shape of the maxillz, the maxillipeds, the caudal rami, and above all in the fact that on two figures we find three pairs of thoracic appendages, while Ch. radiatus has only two pairs, and no male of any boreal or arctic species of Chondracanthus examined by me possesses more than two pairs of thoracic legs. Occurrence. — The “Ingolf” captured at two stations specimens of Macrurus Fabricw with this parasite in the branchial cavity. Davis Strait: Stat. 35: Lat. 65°16’ N., Long. 55°05’ W., 362 fathoms, temp. 3°6; 1 female on the lower wall of the branchial cavity. — — Stat. 27: Lat. 64°54’N., Long. 55°10’ W., 393 fathoms, temp. 3°8; 1 small and 2 large females on the inner side of one of the gill-covers. Kroyer’s specimens were taken on Macrurus Fabricit and probably at Godthaab (by Holbdll); O. Fa- bricius states, that it lives on Coryphena rupestris, but according to Liitken (1898) Cor. rupestris Fabr. (not Gunn.) is synonymous with M. Fabrnici. Ch. radiatus is hitherto only known from West Greenland. Diocus Kréyer. This genus was established on a single form, D. gobinus O. F. Miill., from West Greenland; the “Ingolf”’ material contains another and hitherto unknown species. Kroyer pointed out that the genus is so closely allied to Chondracanthus that it is not easy to draw a fair distinction between them. As 2 species are now known, some remarks on the structure of both sexes may be made here. In the female the body consists of a small head, a large trunk with three pairs of processes, and a small abdomen. In the adult the antennulee are quite small and indistinctly jointed (or in D. frigidus possibly wanting) ; the antennz consist of a small but thick joint with a robust claw; the mouth-parts in D. gobinus according to Kroyer (1863, p. 333) nearly as in Chondracanthus. The body is divided into an anterior part with a single pair of processes, and a posterior part with two pairs, sometimes ramified. The male is in general aspect (Pl. III, fig. 8 c) and most features similar to those of Chondracanthus, 1 Résultats Camp. Scient. par Albert rer, Prince Souv. Monaco, Fase. XXXVIII, 1912, p. 34, Pl. V, fig. 6 et 7; Pl. XI, gee tae’ CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. It. 47 but is yet distinguished by several features. The antennulee (Pl. III, figs. 7 a and 8 d) are divided into several joints, of which the two or three distal ones are well marked off. The antennee have an unjointed exopod of very considerably length (figs. 7 a and 8 d) and with terminal setee; this exopod is wanting in Chondracanthus (already pointed out by Kroyer). The mandibles have the saw-teeth less numerous and more coarse than in Chondracanthus. The maxillulz are, partly or completely (?), seen on fig. 8c and marked mx. The maxillipeds (fig. 8e, mp) are more slender than in Chondracanthus and their second joint not produced distally below the following joint. Only two pairs of thoracic legs are found in Chondvacanthus — at least in the boreal and arctic species —; in Diocus these two pairs are present, but besides the third pair exists at least as a couple of sete, the fourth pair is either a minute rudiment or scarcely visible, while fifth pair is proportionately well devel- oped (fig. 8c) and may even (in D. gobinus) be distinctly biramous. 59. Diocus frigidus n. sp. (Pl. III, figs. 8 a—8 e.) Female. — In general aspect (figs. 8 a—8 b) very different from D. gobinus. The head is produced considerably downwards, and the produced part compressed from in front, so that the terminal area with antennz and some mouth-parts visible as tiny knots is transverse; antennulee could not be perceived (may be lost?) on the single specimen removed from its place. — The anterior part of the trunk is dorsally towards the sides (fig. 8 b) and across the ventral surface (fig. 8 a) marked off from the posterior part; on each side it is produced into a moderately long and very thick process directed outwards, downwards and backwards. The second part of the trunk is much larger, both much longer and broader, than the anterior part; each lateral portion is produced backwards into an extremely large protuberance, a little longer than broad and tapering with the end rounded; on the anterior portion of the ventral surface of the second part two very distant, proportionately somewhat small though rather thick protuberances, about as long as thick, directed downwards and somewhat outwards. On the upper side of the same second part two very deep, very oblong, very oblique, and rather distant impressions are found a little behind the middle, while the ventral surface has two distant, deep and somewhat triangular impressions united by a more feeble transverse impression. — The abdomen is a rounded protuberance distinctly broader than long. — The ovisacs in the specimen delineated somewhat unequal in length, the longest one being about twice as long as the median line of the animal. Length in the median line 5.7 mm. Male (fig. 8c). So similar to the male of D. gobinus that it is uncertain whether all the rather few and on the whole small differences found between them are of specific value. The major proximal part of the antennule (fig. 8 d) is not as broad as in D. gobinus (fig. 7 a), but this feature may be uncertain, and besides the number of joints can not be ascertained with real certainty in any of the two species. The exopod of the antenna (fig. 8 d) a little longer and more slender than in D. gobinus (fig. 7 a), with its terminal part somewhat different. Third joint of the maxillipeds (fig. 8 e) shorter and a little thicker than in D. gobinus. The two anterior pairs of legs small, but with two minute rami in both species; of third legs in D. frigidus only a couple of setee is visible, while in D. gobinus the leg itself is present as a minute knot; fourth legs could not be seen 48 CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. with any certainty in D. frigidus, but in D. gobinus each leg is present as an exceedingly minute protuberance terminating in a single seta; fifth legs are distinctly biramous in D. gobinus (fig. 7b), but whether the same is the case in D. frigidus could not be decided. — The spine on the end of each caudal ramus is straight and moderately long in D. frigidus (fig. 8c), conspicuously longer, thicker, and besides much curved upwards in D. gobinus (fig. 7 b). Length (in curved condition) 0.8 mm. Occurrence. — Taken by the “Ingolf’”’ at a single station in the cold area. East of Iceland: Stat. 102: Lat. 66°23’ N., Long. 10°26’ W., 750 fathoms, temp. +0.9°; 2 females with males on the inner side of the operculum of a specimen of Lycodes frigidus. 60. Diocus gobinus O. F. Mill. (Pl. III, figs. 7 a—7 c.) 1776. Lernea gobina O. F. Miiller, Zool. Danicee Prodromus, p. 226. 1777—79. — — O.F. Miler, Zool. Danica, I, p. 39; Tab. XX XIII, fig. 3. 1780. — — O. Fabricius, Fauna Groenl. p. 339. 1837. Chondracanthus gobinus Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskr. B. I, p. 280, Tab. II, fig. 8; Tab. III, fig. 12, a—b. !r86r. Diocus — Steenstrup & Liitken, Kgl. D. Vid. Selsk. Skr. 5. Rekke, naturv. og math. Afd. B.5, p. 423, Tab. XV, fig. 39. 1863. —- — Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskr. 3. Rekke, B. II, p. 333. The female is well known from the text and good figures given by Steenstrup & Liitken, together with Kroyer’s description in 1863. The male has been rather well figured by Steenstrup & Liitken, but the remarks set forth above on this animal in the description of D. frigidus, together with figs. 7 a and 7 b may serve as an addition. Larval Male. Fig. 7c represents the single specimen observed (found by Dr. Wesenberg-Lund on an immature female); unfortunately it was only moderately well preserved, with the result that some particulars, especially in the natatory legs, could not be made out with certainty. It is a Cyclopid-stage; the animal is 0.44 mm. long. Cephalothorax rather oblong. — The abdomen considerably more than half as long as cephalothorax and consists of five segments; the caudal rami are somewhat small, a little longer than broad, each with a very long and proximally robust seta, and besides a moderately short seta. The antennule considerably less than half as long as the cephalothorax, shaped and articulated as in the adult male; only the three or four distal joints, together scarcely half of the antennula, are distinctly marked off. — Antenne as in the adult, consisting of a very robust joint with a long, strong, curved claw; the exopod is well developed and terminates in a hook-shaped spine. — Maxille reminding of those in the adult. — Maxillipeds somewhat long and rather slender; third joint and claw together nearly as long as second joint. — Two pairs of natatory legs are well developed and nearly similar; in both pairs their rami — as far as could be made out — are two-jointed, second joint longer and broader than the first, with about 6 marginal spines. CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. 4g Occurrence. — Not taken by the “Ingolf’. This species is only known from localities at West Greenland, and seems to be rather common 1n the anterior lower part of the branchial cavity of Phobetor ventralis (= tricuspis Reinh.). The Copenhagen Museum possesses old specimens from Godhavn (Olrik), besides a good number in all probability from Egedesminde (Mag. sc. M. Levinsen), and a couple of specimens from Jakobshavn (Traustedt). O. Fabricius had most prob- ably his specimens from Frederikshaab. Tanypleurus Stp. & Ltk. In some respects this genus, based on a single species, shows affinities to Chondracanthus, but it differs widely in some other features, especially in possessing a quite anomalous organ for fastening itself on the host. It may perhaps find a provisional place at the end of the present family. 61. Tanypleurus alcicornis Stp. & Ltk. 1861. Tanypleurus alcicorms Steenstrup & Liitken, Kgl. D. Vid. Selsk. Skr., 5. Rekke, naturv. og math. Afd. B.5, p. 425, Tab. XV, fig. 38. The material enumerated below is only that on which the Danish authors quoted more than sixty years “ago established this curious form. As the specimens are still older and somewhat soft, 2 dissection of the front part of a specimen would probably not yield any real result, and without such special investigation I cannot add anything with certainty to the description of the authors. Occurrence. — Not taken by the “Ingolf’. West Greenland (without special locality). On the branchize of Cyclopterus spinosus. Dr. Rink leg. 2 females. i _ Umanak (Lat. 70°40’ N.). In the stomach of Somniosus microcephalus. Fleischer leg. 2 females. Family Lernzeopodide. Charopinus Kroyer. Three species have been found in the “Ingolf’ area. 6z. Charopinus Dalmanni Retzius. 1829. Lernza Dalmanm Retzius, Kgl. Sv. Vet. Akad. Handl. 1829, p. 109, Tab. VI. 1837. Lernzopoda — Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskr. B. 1, p. 264, Tab. II, fig. 11; Tab. III, fig. 4, a—b. 11862. — — Tumer & Wilson, Traus. Roy. Soc. Edingburgh, Vol. XXIII, pt. I, p. 77, PL IV. 1863. Charopinus — Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskr. 3. Rekke, B. II, p. 354, Tab. XIV, fig. 6, a—<. !I913. = dalmanni T. & A. Scott, Brit. Paras. Cop. p. 189, PL. LV, figs. 1—4; PL. LIV, figs. 12z—17. IQI5. — — Wilson, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 47, p. 655. Occurrence. — Not taken by the “Ingolf’. The IngolfExpedition. IL. 7. 7 50 CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. The parasite lives “in the nasal fossee or spiracles’ of Raja batis. The Copenhagen Museum possesses 4 specimens from Iceland; 3 of these have been determined by Kroyer and may be those mentioned by him in 1837. Distribution. — Firth of Forth; fish-market at Aberdeen; Irish Sea; Cornwall (various authors). Kroyer saw it in Aalbeek, far north on the east coast of Jutland; besides known from Skager Rak, and at Norway from Christianssund (Retzius) and Storeggen (west of Norway) (Olsson). Finally it is recorded from the Adriatic (Valle) and Genova (Brian, 1898) as living on some other species of fishes. 63. Charopinus cluthe T. Scott. 1900. Lerneopoda cluthe 'T. Scott, 18th Annual Rep. Fish. Board Scotland, p. 173, Pl. VIII, figs. 27—37. !IQ13. — — T. & A. Scott, Brit. Paras. Cop. p. 198, Pl. XL, figs. 1—3; Pl. LVI, figs. 1—7; Tl, JENVIOOL, ste, 10, According to Scott’s figure of the male its abdomen is well segmented, consequently the species has with good reason been referred to Charopinus by Wilson (op. cit. p. 653); yet it may be remarked that the last-named author commits a curious error in the same paper in also referring this form to Lerneopodina Wilson (p. 632 and 640). Occurrence. — Taken by the “Ingolf’”’ at a single locality. North-West Iceland: Isafjord, on the branchiz of Raja radiata; 3 females. Distribution. — According to Scott only known from two places at Great Britain, viz. in the Firth of Clyde on Raja fullonica, and Northumberland coast on Raja radiata. 64. Charopinus ramosus Kroyer. 11863. Charopinus ramosus Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskr. 3. Rekke, B. II, p. 358, Tab. XIV, fig. 5, a—i. !IQ13. -- — 1. & A. Scott, Brit. Paras. Cop. p. 191, Pl. LV, figs. 6, 7, Pl. LIV, figs: x8—22" The females enumerated below from the “Ingolf’’ area differ from Kroyer’s and Scott’s figures in having the caudal rami very much shorter; besides the terminal rami on the maxille, though slender, decrease considerably in thickness from the base to the obtuse end. Occurrence. — Secured by the “Ingolf’” at two places. North-West Iceland: Isafjord, in a branchial cavity of Raja radiata; 1 female. East Iceland: Eskifjord, in the posterior pair of branchial chambers, 2 females, one among them with a male. Distribution. — According to Scott “on the gills and gill-arches of Raia clavata and Raia macu- lata’; fish-market in Aberdeen, and Irish Sea. Besides Nymindegab, west coast of Jutland (Kroyer). Salmincola Wilson. Three species are to be recorded. Wilson enumerates 20 species of this genus, but I suppose that an investigation based on very rich material may reduce the number. CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. 51 65. Salmincola Carpionis Kr. 11837. Lerneopoda Carpioms Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskr. B.I, p. 268, Tab. II, fig. 6. 1863. —- --- Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskr. 3. Rekke, B. II, p. 351, Tab. XIV, fig. 4, a—e. Kroyer is quite right in separating this species from S. salmonea l,., and in 1863 he published diag- noses (in Latin) of both species. Especially by the size and direction of the head together with the orbicular bulla placed on a long or at least moderately long stalk S. Carpionis is instantly distinguished from S. sal- monea. Occurrence. — Taken by the “Ingolf’’ at a single place. West Greenland: Sukkertoppen (Lat. 65°25’ N.); on a gill-arch of Salmo alpinus; 1 female (together with Salmincola alpina Olss.) Kroyer records it from West Greenland and Iceland on what he names Salmo carpio — in reality Salmo alpinus —, but without special localities. It has been found numerous times at West Greenland on S. alpinus, on the inner side of the operculum or — and sometimes in large number — on the tongue and the roof of the mouth; special localities are: Godhavn (Lat. 69°14’ N.), Fiskenzes (Lat. 63°05’ N.), and Ju- lianehaab (Lat. 60°43’ N.). (The Rev. P. H. Sorensen in Julianehaab has sent to our Museum specimens taken on Salmo sp. and besides a specimen according to the label taken on Sebastes marinus, which seems somewhat improbable, though perhaps possible). — In East Greenland the parasite has been taken at two places, viz. at Danmarks O (Hekla Havn, Lat. 70°27’ N.) (Wesenberg-Lund 1895), and on a large “Salmo salvelinus”’ taken by the Danmark-Exped. in the large lake behind the Hvalrosodde, Lat. 76°55’ N. (K. Stephensen). At Iceland S. Carpioms has been taken some four times; the only special locality noted is Ofjord, North Iceland, where it was found on Salmo alpinus. 66. Salmincola alpina Olsson. Pl. III, figs. 9 a—g e). 1877. Lerneopoda alpina Olsson, Ofv. kgl. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Férh. 1877, No. 5, p. 82, Tafl. IV, fig. g—13. 1915. ?Salnuncola oquassa Wilson, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 47, p. 611, Pl. 31, figs. 36—40. Professor Dr. Jagerskj6ld, Director of the Museum in Goteborg, has most benevolently lent me Olsson’s type-specimens of Lerneopoda alpina, for which I beg him to accept my sincere thanks. A direct comparison of these specimens with my figures and the specimens from Greenland and Iceland shows the most complete agreement not only in general outline but in antennule, maxillule, maxillipeds and above all in the antennz. Olsson’s figure of the whole animal is not good, and as to general shape of the body and the insertion of the ovisacs my animals agree with Wilson’s figure of S. oquassa. Cephalothorax is, as said by Wilson, “narrow and much longer than wide, forming with the trunk a crescent or semicircle’, and seen from in front it agrees with his fig. 37; the trunk is “pear-shaped, strongly narrowed anteriorly but without a definite neck; squarely truncated posteriorly’. — The ovisacs vary both in Olsson’s types and in the numerous specimens from the “Ingolf’’ area very much in length and relative thickness, from being as long as trunk plus head to a little shorter than the trunk. a* 52 CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. Antennulee (fig. 9a, a") two-jointed, on the end witha rather thick spine and a few extremely minute bristles. — Antenne (fig. 9 a) characteristic; the proximal portion is two-jointed; each antenna has one spiniferous protuberance (e) on the outer side, two terminal protuberances and between these a protruding joint (), which at the lower margin is produced into an oblong-triangular process, and above this it has two smaller, acute denticles. The lower protuberance (/) is short with numerous spines, the upper protuber- ance (g) is much larger, somewhat broader than long, with a rather small number of spines, of which the upper ones are a little curved in opposite direction of those on the lower part. — Mandibles (fig. 9 d) with about 4 teeth. — Maxillule (fig. 9 b and 9 e) with three protuberances near each other, each terminating in a spine. — Maxille rather stout, nearly as long as, or somewhat shorter than, the trunk; bulla conical, at the end a little broader than a maxilla. — Maxillipeds (fig. 9 c) rather long; second joint on the inner side produced into a process with a couple of denticles on the end; third joint terminates in a short, very curved claw and on the angle a minute denticle. Length 4—5 mm. Remarks. — Whether S. oqguassa belongs to the present species is uncertain, as Wilson’s figure of the antenna shows considerable difference from mine. Occurrence. — Taken by the “Ingolf” at a single place. West Greenland: Sukkertoppen (Lat. 65°25’ N.), on gill-arches of Salmo alpinus; 5 specimens (together with 1 specimen of Salmincola Carpionis). At West Greenland it has been taken some few times, thus at one of the northern colonies on Salmo alpinus (Pfaff leg.); at Julianehaab (Lat. 60°43’ N.) on the roof of the mouth of Salmo sp. (Rev. P. H. Soren- sen) ; without special locality on S. carpio and on Gasterosteus aculeatus var. dimidiatus (Kroyerian specimens). (Besides 2 specimens have been sent to our Museum as taken on Sebastes marinus by the Rev. P. H. Sorensen, Julianehaab). — In East Greenland the parasite has been taken in Hekla Havn, Lat. 70°27’ N., on Salmo alpinus. From Iceland the Museum possesses a good number of specimens taken on Salmo alpinus in several lakes: Myvatn, Ljosvatn, Svartarvatn, Thingvallir, and Nidalstunga. Distribution. — Olsson records S. alpina from Salmo alpinus in two Swedish lakes, Nackten and Storsjon. — Wilson records his Salmincola oquassa from Salvelinus oquassa, at Rangeley Lakes, Maine. 67. Salmincola arcturi Miers. 1877. Lerneopoda arcturt Miers, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 4, Vol. XX, p. 106, Pl. IV, fig. 2. As to the validity of this form I have no opinion. Occurrence. — Not taken by the “Ingolf”’. —- The only locality hitherto known is Floeberg Beach, Lat. 82°26’ N. near West Greenland, where it was taken on the gills of Salmo arcturus Ginther. Lernzeopoda Blainville. This genus comprises 5 species from our area; 2 among them are new to science, and a third remains here only until further details are obtained, CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. 5S 68. Lernzopada elongata Grant. 1827. Lernea elongata Grant, Edinburgh Journ. of Science, Vol. VII, p. 147, PI. II, fig. 5. 1837. Lerneopoda — Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskr., B.I, p. 259, Tab. II, fig. 12; Tab. III, fig. 3, a—k. 1861. —- — Steenstrup & Ljiitken, Kgl. D. Vid. Selsk. Skr. 5. Rekke, naturv. og math. idee Ven pwAzZ2e baby oeVe igs 7, !IQ13. — — T. & A. Scott, Brit. Paras. Cop. p. 195, Pl. L-XI, figs. 5, 6; Pl. LVI, figs. 13—17. IQI5. -— — Wilson, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 47, p. 637, Pl. 39, fig. 98. Occurrence. — Not taken by the “Ingolf”’. This species, which generally lives on the cornea of Somniosus microcephalus, has been taken many times at West Greenland, northwards to Port Foulke, Lat. 78°17’ N. (Miers); other special localities are: Umanak, Ikerasak, Lille Karajakfjord, Ritenbenk, Godhavn, and Fiskenes. — At East Greenland it was secured at Angmagsalik, Lat. 65°30’ N., by Soren Nielsen. At Iceland it has been taken several times; thus at North-West Iceland (Wandel) and in Dyre- fjord (Feddersen) ; at North Iceland in Ofjord (Steincke) and at Lat. 66°36’,5 N., Long. 18°06’ W. (the “Thor” in 1903), at South-West Iceland near Reykjavik (Groéndal). — Finally it was secured north-west of the Feeroes at Lat. 62°54’ N., Long. 9°13’ W. (the “Michael Sars’), and at the Feeroes (Rostrup). Distribution. — Taken some few times at Great Britain (T. & A. Scott); at Polperro, Cornwall, on Mustelus vulgaris (A. M. Norman). Belgium (v. Beneden); Skager Rak (Olsson); Bergen (Mus. Copen- hagen.) 69. Lernzeopoda Galei Kr. 1837. Lerneopoda Galei Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskr. B.I, p. 272, Tab. III, fig. 5, a—t. ! 1913. ~~ galer T. & A. Scott, Brit. Paras. Cop. p. 197, Pl. LX, figs. 4—6; Pl. LVIII, figs. o—15; i . JE, asiOOl, sake, ac. IQI5. — — Wilson, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., Vol. 47, p. 635. Occurrence. — Taken a single time “south of Iceland’’, at the base of the genital claspers of Scyl- lium canicula. Ljiitken ded. 2 females. Distribution. — Several places at Great Britain and Ireland, on “Galeus vulgaris, Mustelus vul- garis, and Acanthias vulgaris” (various authors). Belgium (v. Beneden, who also mentions Tvygon pastinaca as a host); Kattegat and the North Sea near Jutland (Kroyer), Mediterranean (Richiardi). 70. Lernzeopoda Centroscyllii n. sp. (Pl. III, figs. 10 a—10b; Pl. IV, fig. 1 a). Female. — Cephalothorax nearly broader than long, with the major posterior part of each lateral margin very convex, but the front part of the head is somewhat produced, so that the lateral margin is bent inwards far before the middle; the anterior and the central parts of the surface are brownish and well chitin- ized, while posteriorly and at the sides the skin is thinner and light-coloured. — The trunk is oblong pear- shaped, somewhat more than twice as long as broad and only a little broader than deep; its anterior short part is much narrower than the carapace, but it is soon thickened, broadest behind the middle and posteriorly 54 CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. rounded, with a pair of somewhat small, nearly ovate posterior processes about half as long as the carapace and situated rather near each other in a more ventral position than the ovisacs; the anterior part of the trunk without segmentation. — An ovisac is somewhat shorter than the trunk, with 4—5 eggs in a trans- verse row. Antennulz 4-jointed, rather short and clumsy, considerably tapering. — Antenne broad when seen from the side (fig. 10 a), first joint much broader than long; endopod very broad and distally nearly semicircularly rounded, without armature; exopod clumsy, 2-jointed, the distal joint with two small and slender spines and one (perhaps two) proportionately large, robust and obtuse spine. — Maxillule of a similar structure as in L. longicaudata (see later on), but more clumsy, with the three terminal processes thicker and their apical sete shorter than in the species named; the palp seems to be two-jointed. — Maxille con- siderably longer than the body and separate from base to end; each maxilla is somewhat thick at the base and decreases gradually to near the end, where it is rapidly thinner to the very short thread which termin- ates in a small, cupuliform, dark-brown bulla (lost in the left maxilla). — Maxillipeds originate almost in advance of the maxille; they are much more robust than in L. longicaudata, but as one among them had been mutilated it was deemed necessary not to remove the other but to draw it as well as possible (fig. 10 b) without preparation; it is seen that the proximal well chitinized joint is more than half as broad as long, with the outer margin rather convex, while the inner margin has a little before the middle a conspicuous, robust, triangular, acute process, beyond which the inner margin is somewhat concave, while proximally it is convex. Length of the body 10 mm., the trunk 7.9 mm., the maxille 11.2 mm., an ovisac 5.5 mm. Remarks. — This new species is related to L. Galet Kr., but differs in having the posterior pro- cesses considerably shorter and the maxille much longer than in that species; besides the maxille do not seem to have been united at the end. In general aspect it is even more similar to Charopinus cluthe T. Scott, but is instantly separated in having the posterior processes ventral to the ovisacs instead of dorsal. — Male unknown. Occurrence. — Taken only by the “Tjalfe’ (Cand. mag. Ad. Jensen) at a single place. Davis Strait: Kangerdluarsuk (Lat. 61°53’ N.), 120—200 fathoms. On the head of Centroscyllium Fabrici; 1 female. 71. Lernezeopoda longicaudata n. sp. (Pl. IV, figs. 2 a—2 o). Female. — Cephalothorax feebly inclined to the axis of the trunk, considerably longer than broad (fig. 2b) and somewhat depressed, flattened above. — Trunk very oblong, increasing gradually in breadth to a little before the end, and the first segment is well defined; the trunk terminates in a short protuberance (fig. 2 e) with the posterior margin incurved at the middle; on each side of this protuberance a sausage- shaped process originates which is fully, or a little more than four-fifths (fig. 2 a), as long as the trunk and inserted below the ovisacs, but distinctly nearer the median line. — Ovisacs only a little shorter than the body, seen from the side with four rows of eggs. CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. 55 Antennulee (fig. 2 d, a‘) 4-jointed, rather slender excepting their first joint. — Antenne (fig. 2 d, a’; fig. 2 f) curved; the basal portion is a robust joint which is broader than long; the endopod with the distal part compressed, rather broad, bearing at least one minute spine, and its end is broadly rounded; the exopod does not reach the end of the endopod, and is two-jointed, second joint considerably shorter than the first and with at least 2 spines on the end, one of them somewhat large and curved. — The proboscis is directed considerably forwards and protrudes (f on fig. 2 d) in front of the incurved antenne; the mouth is small (fig. 2g), but the fringed lamella of the lower lip is somewhat broad, and the upper lip has numerous very short bristles at the margin; the proboscis has below near the fringed lamella two pairs of small, short, thick spines, the spines on the same half sitting close together and rather distant from the two other spines. — Maxillule (fig. 2 g) well developed, each with three processes terminating in moderately short, strong sete; the palp is well developed, two-jointed, with 3 small spines on the end. — The maxille are extremely inter- esting; in the largest specimen (with ovisacs) they have lost a distal part, but the part preserved is more than two and a half times as long as the body (fig. 2 a), while in the smaller specimen they are scarcely half as long again as the body. In the ovigerous specimen they are coalesced on their inner side in more than 5/6 of their length — on the lost terminal part nothing can be said —; in the other specimen (fig. 2 b) their proximal and their most distal parts are separated, while they are coalesced in the major part of their length; the thread bearing the bulla is short and consists distinctly of two coalesced threads; the bulla (fig. 2 b) is of moderate size and shaped as a circular disk with both sides convex excepting towards the margin, as the marginal part of the bulla is quite thin. — Maxillipeds rather small (fig. 2c), inserted between and a little behind the maxille; their first chitinized joint (fig. 2 h) is more than two and a half times as long as broad, with the inner margin curiously sinuate, showing a more proximal somewhat feeble impression and much beyond the middle a rounded incision with a small but robust and curved, acute process (fig. 2 i); the inner margin between these two incurved parts and between the distal incision and the claw shows a most peculiar structure, which to some degree may remind one of the surface of a file; the “claw” is two- thirds as long as the preceding joint and consists of a slender joint which has a small but strong, curved spine on the lower surface towards the outer margin and a little from the base; this joint is twice as long as the real claw which has a minute spine on its concave margin rather near the base; a fine, somewhat short spine is inserted below the claw. Measurements. — The ovigerous specimen has the body 11.3 mm. long, the trunk 7.6 mm., the posterior processes 6.7 mm., the preserved part of the maxilla 28.7 mm., the ovisacs 8.4 mm. In the other specimen the body is 9mm., the trunk 6.5 mm., the maxille 13 mm., the posterior processes 6.5 mm. Male. — Body, seen from the side (fig. 2 k) somewhat slender and very moderately curved at the middle. Carapace well defined. Trunk divided into five very distinct segments, about as long as the cara- pace. The caudal rami even a little longer than the two posterior segments together, slender, nearly spini- form and a little curved. Antennule 4-jointed, slender. — Antenne a little shorter than the antennule (fig. 2 k); basal joint short (fig. 21); endopod oblong-ovate, with at least 2 small spines remote from the rounded end; exopod considerably longer than the endopod, seemingly 3-jointed, but the first joint proximally imperfectly marked 50 CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. off; third joint conspicuously broader than long, increasing in breadth from base to end, its terminal margin is partly concave, with a long, strong, curved spine on the anterior angle so that a kind of imperfect chela is formed; a small and thin spine is inserted on the end close at the strong spine mentioned. — Maxillul (fig. 2m) in the main as in the female, differing especially in having the apical robust sete on the three terminal branches rather long, and the palp seems to be unjointed. — Maxillee (fig. 2 n) with first joint ex- tremely broad, at the inner margin terminating in a triangular, robust process with its inner margin and the end serrate; the “claw” is robust, extremely broad at the base, and its terminal portion is strongly curved, lying on the posterior side of the process mentioned. — Maxillipeds (fig. 2 0) with the proximal, well chitin- ized joint somewhat flattened and consequently considerably broader than thick, and besides nearly twice as long as broad; it increases considerably in breadth from the base to much beyond the middle; the major part of its outer margin is rather convex, and at the distal part of the inner margin two very small, sharp protuberances are found; the inner, distal corner is produced into a strong, oblong-triangular, acute process; the claw is very robust, very thick at the base, and its distal half is extremely curved. — Each of the two anterior segments of the trunk has a pair of minute legs, a little longer than broad, and with a single seta or two small sete on the end. Length of the single male 1.93 mm. (caudal rami not included). Remarks. — This fine species is in general aspect rather similar to Lerneopoda longibranchiata Brian, by Wilson referred to his genus Levneopodina. But it is instantly distinguished from Brian’s species in having the posterior processes ventral to the ovisacs, while they are dorsal to the genital openings in the genus Lervneopodina. The female of the new species agrees with Levneopoda as characterized by Wilson; the male differs not only from the genus but from nearly all genera of the family in possessing two very distinct pairs of legs on the trunk. The difference between the two females hitherto known as to length and development of the maxilla is most noteworthy. Occurrence. — Not taken by the “Ingolf” but by the “Thor” and the “Michael Sars”’ at the following places, in both cases on Centrophorus squamosus. South of Iceland: Lat. 63°05’ N., Long. 20°00’ W., 920 m; the “Thor’’ (Dr. Johs. Schmidt), July 16, 1903. One female without ovisacs at the pectoral fins of the host. South-West of the Feeroes: Lat. 61°07’ N., Long. 9°33’ W., 400 fathoms; the “Michael Sars’ (Cand. mag. Ad. Jensen), Aug. 14, 1902. One female with ovisacs and a male. 72. Lernzeopoda Sebastis Kroyer. 1863. Lerneopoda Sebastis Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskr. 3. Rekke, B. II, p. 353, Tab. XVII, fig. 7, a—h. Kroyer had two mutilated females; the poor condition of the preserved fragments of these speci- mens makes it impossible to add anything to his description or figures, and the species has never been found again. Occurrence. — Kroyer had 2 females from West Greenland; he found them in the branchial cavity of Sebastes marinus. CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. 57 Lernzeopodopsis n. gen. Body of the female divided by a very recurved dorsal line, somewhat behind the insertion of the maxillee, into cephalothorax and trunk (fig. 3 a). In advance of the front margin of the base of the maxillee the cephalothorax is produced much forward as a very oblong triangle with the front end narrow and obtuse (figs. 3 a—3 b); the maxillipeds originate near the middle between the front end and the origin of the maxille, while the other appendages are extremely small and arranged close together at the narrow front end. — The trunk terminates in a pair of small tubercles. Antennulz (a), seen from below (fig. 3 d), originate below and slightly behind the antennz; they are a little shorter than the antennee, 2-jointed. — The antenne (figs. 3c and 3d, a’) are essentially pro- jected along the sides of the proboscis; they are biramous, but both rami are simple, short, broad and rounded, without spines. — The proboscis is very thick and directed horizontally forwards, so that the mouth with its rather broad, fringed lamella is terminal on the head. — The maxillule (fig. 3d, mx’) as usual on the sides of the oral cone; each maxillula is an oblong plate with two minute, setiferous knots on the terminal margin. — The maxille are very long (fig. 3 a), fused along the major distal part and terminating in a single bulla. — Maxillipeds (fig. 3 e) consist of a large, oblong, thin-skinned part, on the end of which the extremely small well chitinized elements are found, viz. an oblong joint and the claw-shaped portion. Remarks. — Of the new species, on which this genus is founded, only the female is known. It has at first sight a considerable likeness to forms of the genera Levneopfoda and Lerneopodina, but a closer in- vestigation shows that it occupies an isolated position within the family. The strongly produced, triangular head with the extremely small appendages is very curious; the antennule and especially the maxillipeds are very interesting. 73. Lernzeopodopsis producta n. sp. (Pl. IV, figs. 3 a—3 e). Female. — The cephalothorax may be said to possess a moderately developed carapace, which posteriorly terminates in a very convex margin situated somewhat behind the origin of the maxillee; it is a little more than twice as long as broad and in the median line about as long as the trunk. The head in advance of the anterior margin of the base of the maxillee is somewhat more than half as long again as broad, oblong-triangular. — The trunk is somewhat depressed, about twice as long as broad, with the lateral margins feebly convex; the end is broadly rounded without any real processes, but at the middle a little incised between a pair of quite small protuberances. — No ovisacs. The antennule (fig. 3d, a) are 2-jointed; the first joint is very oblong, considerably longer than and twice or three times as thick as the second, which is very slender and terminates in a moderately long seta. — Antenne, proboscis, and maxillule are mentioned sufficiently in the description of the genus; figs. 3 c and 3 d may convey a full idea as to various particulars, — The maxillz are nearly more than twice as long as the entire body; they originate on the sides of the cephalothorax, proceed forwards and from somewhat in front of the mouth they are completely fused; towards the end the appendage formed by that fusion is gradually acuminated to the moderately short and thin thread which terminates in a minute bulla of normal The Ingolf-Expedition. III. 7. 8 58 CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. I. shape. — The maxillipeds (figs. 3 b and 3 e) originate a little longer from the proboscis than from the maxille; as already mentioned each maxilliped is situated on the end of a large, oblong, subconical part, which looks somewhat thin-skinned, projects freely forwards and contains muscles (shown in fig. 3 e); the first well chitinized joint is very small, oblong, broadest at the middle; second joint is slender and terminates in a normal claw, below which an accessory short spine is observed. Length of the body 5.1 mm., of the maxille 10.5 mm. Remarks. — This is the most interesting species among the new forms of parasites from the “Ingolf”’ area; in the remarks on the genus reference is made as to the most deviating features. Occurrence. — Secured by the “Ingolf”’ at a single station. Davis Strait: Stat. 35: Lat. 65°16’ N., Long. 55°05’ W., 362 fathoms, temp. 3°.6; 1 female firmly fixed on a scale on the front of Macrurus Fabricit. Brachiella Cuvier. Of this genus only a single species has hitherto been found in the “Ingolf’’ area, but some two or three of other forms taken at Scotland may probably later be found at the Feeroes. 74. Brachiella rostrata Kroyer. 1837. Brachiella rostrata Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskr. B.I, p. 207, Tab. II, fig. r. 1863. = — Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskr. 3. Rekke, B. II, p. 364, Tab. XVII, fig. 8, a—f. itgrg.) a — T, & A. Scott, Brit. Paras. Cop. p. 205, Pl. XLV, fig. 8; Pl. L.XII, fig. 3; Pl. L.XIII, figs. 2—8. !1915. Parabrachiella rostrata Wilson, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., Vol. 47, p. 714, Pl. 28, fig.O; Pl. 56, figs. 249—255. Occurrence. — Not taken by the “Ingolf”’. This species lives on the gills of Hippoglossus vulgaris and H. pinguis. It has been taken several times at West Greenland; special localities are Godhavn, Lat. 69°14’ N. (Olrik), and Julianehaab, Lat. 60°43’ N. (Rev: P. Hi Sorensen): Distribution. — Shetland (Wilson); North Sea (T. & A. Scott); Roscoff (C. Vogt); Storeggen, west of Norway (Olsson) ; Kattegat (Kroyer). Finally Woods Hole region, Mass. (Mary Rathbun) and Georges Banks (Wilson). Clavella Oken. (Anchorella Cuvier, Kroyer). This genus taken in the sense of T. & A. Scott (1913) comprises 5 species from our area, and 2 among them are new, found on deep-sea fishes. In 1915 Wilson divided the genus into 4 genera, using especially characters drawn from features in the anterior free appendages, viz. whether the antennz are uniramose or biramose, the maxillule bipartite or tripartite, the antennule 3-jointed or 4-jointed. While the two first- named characters are always sharp, the joints in the antennule are sometimes difficult or perhaps impossible to count with certainty. My two new species have the antennze biramose and therefore they cannot belong CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. 59 to Clavella sens. Wilson; but they do not agree well with any of his new genera. Instead of establishing any new genus I prefer in the present paper to keep all 5 species in the old genus Clavella, without thereby in- dicating any positive criticism of Wilson’s grouping. I am, however, apt to think that the study of a very large number of females and males of described and undescribed species may show that it will be very diffi- cult to subdivide Clavella sens. Scott into several natural and sharply defined genera. 75. Clavella uncinata O. F. Mill. . (Pl. IV, figs. 4 a—4 1). 1776. Lernea uncinata O. F. Miller, Zool. Daniczee Prodromus, p. 226. 1777—79. _. — O7 Fs Miuiller, Zool. Danica, 1; p: 38, Dab: XXCXiIl) fig. 2: 1837. Anchorella — Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskr. B.I, p. 290, Tab. III, fig. 8, a—f. 1863. --- ~ Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskr. 3. Rekke, B. II, p. 384. ! — — agilis Kroyer, op. cit. p. 374, 384, Tab. XVI, fig. 2, a—b. 1913. Clavella uncinata T. & A. Scott, Brit. Paras. Cop. p. 214, Pl. LXV, figs. 2, 3, 6; Pl. LXVI, figs. 2I—23. !TQI5. — — Wilson, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 47, p. 680, Pl. 27, fig. M.; Pl. 48, figs. 167—173; Pl. 40, figs. 174—176. T. & A. Scott say: “Abdomen small but quite distinct’’; Wilson states (p. 681) “genital process... minute’; and the protuberance interpreted as “genital process’’ by Wilson has been named “abdomen” by probably all earlier authors. Kroyer writes (1863) on his A. wncinata: “abdomen sat magnum, quartam fere longitudinis annuli genitali partem attingens, longius quam latius’’, and on his A. agilis: “abdomen minutum, haud longius quam latius, obtuse conicum’’. Judging from these statements one might suppose that C. agilis Kr. is sharply defined from A. wncinata auct., and that the animals described by Scott and Wilson as C. uncinata in reality belong to C. agilis. The inspection of my rich material enumerated below showed that all specimens taken on the branchiz or in the mouth of various Gadide at Iceland and West Greenland have a rather large or large genital process, which, however, is not always longer than broad. But on a branchia of Gadus saida ep. (= G. agilis Reinh., Kroyer) from East Greenland 11 specimens are found, 4 among them with ovisacs, the others smaller or only half-grown, but the genital process varies considerably in size, from moderately large to somewhat small. In specimens taken on dorsal, pectoral or ventral fins of Gadus callarias and G. ogac at three places in West Greenland the genital process is small or moderately small, shorter or much shorter than broad. In specimens taken at West Greenland but without statements whether found on gills or fins, the genital process varies much in size and in length in proportion to breadth, and that even in animals preserved in the same tube and probably taken together. To refer the specimens seen to two different species according to size and shape of the genital process I found to be im- possible. The front margin of the head is transverse, nearly straight or slightly concave. — The antennule ate indistinctly 3-jointed, terminating in 3 moderately long and 1 or 2 short and thick spines; first joint is very thick and nearly as long as the two distal joints together. — The antenne are nearly parallel with 8* 60 CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. the front margin of the head, two-jointed; the second joint is about as broad as, or distinctly more narrow than, the first, and distally very broadly rounded. In several specimens taken respectively on gills or fins of various species of Gadus, on Sebastes, Macrurus and Somniosus I found generally 3, sometimes 2, some- what setiform spines placed near each other on the upper surface of the distal joint somewhat from its term- inal margin (figs. 4 a and 4 e), and these spines are rather large in proportion to the minute spines or prickles found on a part of the same joint. In a specimen from gills of G. callarias and possessing a large genital process numerous prickles were found (fig. 4 a) on the distal surface of the joint and some also near its inner margin towards the base; in a specimen with a small genital process and taken on a fin of G.ogac only a quite low number of prickles could be discovered (figs. 4d and 4 e). Consequently I hoped to be able to separate two species by the different equipment with prickles on second antennal joint, but the study of specimens from other places gave the result that the idea must be abandonned. In specimens taken on G. merlangus, on Sebastes, Macrurus (see later on) and Somniosus the second antennal joint had a good number of prickles. — The maxillule have been examined in a specimen with the genital process rather large, the distal joint of the antennee with numerous prickles, and taken on the gills of G. callarias. Each maxillula (fig. 4 b) is bipartite and has on the posterior side a rudimentary palp terminating in two small spines, thus in the main agreeing with Scott’s figure. — The shape of first joint of the maxillipeds (fig. 4c) is rather characteristic; the second slender joint, which constitutes the longer proximal portion of the “claw”, has always a very distinct spine on the lower side somewhat from the base. On the branchize of a small Macrurus Fabricit (taken by the “Ingolf’’) I found a small and clumsy form (fig. 4 f), which to begin with I believed to be a new species. But a closer investigation of antenne and maxillipeds of one of the 3 specimens revealed so full agreement with the same appendages in typical specimens from branchie of Gadus, that I was forced to refer the specimens to C. uncinata. Fig. 4 f shows the general aspect of one of the specimens; fig. 4 g the front margin with both antennz of the same animal; figs. 4h and 41 the distal joint of left antenna respectively from above and from below. Its measurements are: cephalothorax 2mm., trunk (without genital process) 1.5 mm., ovisac I.4 mm. The male of C. uncinata is on the whole well known. Fig. 4k exhibits the oral cone and left maxil- lula, which differs a little from that in the female; fig. 41 represents the left maxilla. Occurrence. — Taken by the “Ingolf’’ at three places. Holstensborg, Lat. 66°56’ N., on the pectoral and ventral fins of Gadus ogac; 23 females. Davis Strait: Stat. 35: Lat. 65°16’ N., Long. 55°05’ W., 362 fathoms, temp. 3°.6; 3 females on the gills of a small Macrurus Fabricit. North-West Iceland: Isafjord, on the tongue and in the mouth af Gadus virens; 2 females; besides on the gills of G. callarias, I specimen. At West Greenland this species has been taken several times especially on branchize of Gadus callarias and G. ogac; special localities are: Umanak, Ikerasak and Julianehaab. At Holstensborg 5 specimens were gathered on Sebastes marinus by the colonial director Brummerstedt. — At East Greenland it was taken in Danmarks-Havn, Lat. 76°45’ N., on the branchie of Gadus saida by the zoologist Fritz Johansen, At Iceland it is common, It has been taken at North-West Iceland in Onundarfjord on branchie CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. 61 of G. callarias and G. eglefinus, in Dyrefjord on a fin of G. eglefinus by Mag. sc. W. Lundbeck; at South- West Iceland it was gathered in Grindavik by Mag. sc. Semundsson; at the eastern coast of Iceland by Wiin- stedt; finally at Iceland (without special locality) on Somniosus microcephalus by Vice-Admiral Wandel. — At the Feeroes it has been taken on G. callarias and on the operculum of G. merlangus by Sysselmand Miller. Distribution. — “Tolerably common” at Great Britain and Ireland (T. & A. Scott). At Den- mark through the whole year nearly on every rather large specimen of Gadus callarias (Kroyer); Bohuslan, Skager Rak, Bergen, Aalesund, on forms of the genus Gadus (Olsson) ; Belgium (v. Beneden) ; Roscoff (C.Vogt) ; Brian (1898) states that it has been found at Genova on Sargus Rondeletii. Wilson records it from localities at Maine, Massachusetts, Georges Banks, etc. and from Alaska. 76. Clavella Sticheei Kr. (Pl. IV, figs. 5 a—5 b). 1863. Anchorella Stichai Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskr. 3. Rekke, B. II, p. 372, 384, Tab. XVI, fig. 1, a—g. 1886. — — Hansen, Dijmphna-Togtets zool.-bot. Udbytte, p. 267, Tab. XXIV, fig. 1, a—g. Female. — The general aspect of this small form has been well characterized by Kroyer. Cephalo- thorax somewhat or, generally, considerably longer than the ovate trunk. The front margin of the head convex towards the lateral margins and its major middle part straight. The antennule are 3-jointed (fig. 5 a); the first joint is rather thick and about as long as the third, on the inner distal angle with an oblong protuberance terminating in a minute spine; third joint terminates in 3 spines differing in length and thickness. — Antenne uniramous, oblong-conical, a little curved and directed much inwards and somewhat forwards; an articulation could not be discovered, and the end is more or less obtuse and seemingly rather thinly chitinized. Maxillulee bifid, on the posterior margin with a short and slender palp terminating in a spine. — Maxille have the peculiarly striated bulla well described by Kroyer. — Maxillipeds have the first joint (fig. 5 a) proportionately longer than in A. wncinata and differ- ing in outline; second joint as in the last-named species with a short, thick spine on the lower side a little from the base. Male. — An extremely small, probably old specimen is drawn (fig. 5 b); it is only 0.23 mm. long, the oral cone included. The appendages occupy about two-thirds of the median ventral line; the two posterior paits are very large, with their first joint extremely robust. — The antennule are 3-jointed, the two distal joints subequal in length, each somewhat shorter and thinner than the first, and the third terminates in 3 more or less setiform spines. — The antennee biramous; in the sympod only one joint could be discerned ; the exopod is two-jointed and terminates in a couple of small spines, while the endopod is undivided with the end rounded and without any seta. — The maxillule are normal, with a minute palp terminating in a seta. Remarks. — In 1886 I described the male on specimens from the Kara Sea. The specimen figured was larger than that just described, viz. about !/; mm., which was due to the fact that the body behind the maxillipeds was considerably larger. I stated that the antennulz were 4-jointed, but I had evidently made the mistake to interpret a thick and curved terminal spine as a fourth joint. Furthermore I described the 62 CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. antenne as having the posterior ramus 3-jointed, the anterior 2-jointed; these statements may possibly be erroneous but I have not re-examined any specimen. Occurrence. — Secured by the “Ingolf” at a single station. Davis Strait: Stat. 31: Lat. 66°35’ N., Long. 55°54’ W., 88 fathoms, temp. 1°.6; 2 specimens on the pectoral fins and I specimen on the lower side of the head of Lycodes Vahlit Reinh. At West Greenland this species has been taken a few times. Kroyer had a good number of specimens from Sticheus punctatus, especially from the inner side of the pectoral fins, but he does not give any special locality. On a young specimen of Lycodes reticulatus taken in the Disco Bay (Lat. 68*/.2°—70° N.), 200 fath., 4 females with males were found by Prof. Liitken (see “Dijmphna-Togtet” p. 137—138 and p. 269). At Sukkertoppen, Lat. 65°25’ N., was captured a specimen of Lumpenus maculatus with a single female. — Furthermore the parasite has been taken by Mag. sc. W. Lundbeck at North-West Iceland in two places, viz. in Onundarfjord, 4 females with 3 males on the inner side of the pectoral fins of Lumpenus maculatus, and in Dyrefjord on the same fins of the same species. Distribution. — Recorded from the Kara Sea on Icelus hamatus and on Lycodes Rossi Malmgr. (= L. Liitkenit Liitk. nec Collett); all specimens on the inner side of the pectoral fins of these fishes (H. J. Hansen). 77. Clavella Macruri n. sp. (Pl. IV, figs. 6 a—6 f). Female. — Rather large, slender, glabrous. Cephalothorax a little longer than the trunk, curved and besides at the base a little recurved towards its dorsal side; head not marked off or enlarged, its front margin transverse. — Trunk very oblong and somewhat depressed, between twice and three times as long as broad, posteriorly broadly rounded without any protuberance. — Ovisacs somewhat longer than the trunk, rather slender, with numerous small eggs. Antennule (fig. 6 b) seemingly 4-jointed, the first joint very thick and not very distinctly marked off from the second; terminal joint with a single curved spine. — Antenne (fig. 6c) as usual bend much inwards, through not parallel with the front margin; endopod large, not marked off from the sympod by any distinct suture or articulation, scarcely as broad as long, broadly rounded without hairs or spines; exopod very small as compared with the endopod, terminating in one thick and one thin spine, seemingly one-jointed, but the contents within the skin indicate a quite short proximal and a much longer distal joint. — The oral cone short; maxillule bifid, normal, but a palp could not be observed with real certainty and seems to be quite rudimentary. — Maxille moderately long; bulla black, seen from the side shaped nearly as an inverted, somewhat short, robust, a little curved spine (fig. 6 a) which has its end in the maxille, while the broad base is very oblique and firmly fixed in a fin-ray. — Maxillipeds (fig. 6 d) with first joint twice as long as thick and decreasing in breadth from somewhat from the base to the end; second joint unusually slender, and a spine could not be discovered on its lower side; claw somewhat long, strong, and below it a small spine. Length of cephalothorax of the specimen figured 7 mm., its trunk 6.5 mm., and an ovisac 7.3 mm. Male. — Seen from the side (fig. 6 e) the body is intermediate in shape between Clavella uncinata and C. rugosa, though nearer to the last-named form, as the ventral line of the body between its posterior CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. 63 end and the base of the maxillipeds is not much shorter than the dorsal line from the base of the proboscis to the posterior end. — The antennule (fig. 6 f) are 3-jointed, with a spine on the posterior side of second joint, while third joint has 3 long, terminal spines, the median one very thick. — Antennz (fig. 6 f) with the rather long sympod 2-jointed; endopod not marked off, unjointed, without any spine; exopod 2-jointed with a minute terminal spine. — Maxillule (fig. 6 f) normal; the palp somewhat short and slender, with a well developed terminal spine. — Maxille and maxillipeds of moderate size, proportionately smaller than in Clavella uncinata or C. Stichei. Length 0.55 mm. (proboscis not included). Occurrence. —- Taken on rays of the anal fin of specimens of Macrurus secured by the “Ingolf” at two stations. Davis Strait: Stat. 35: Lat. 65°16’ N., Long. 55°05’ W., 362 fathoms, temp. 3°.6; 2 fine females (one with a male) on the distal part of the anal fin of a large Macrurus Fabricii. — — Stat. 27: Lat. 64°54’ N., Long. 55°10’ W., 393 fathoms, temp. 3°.8; 1 female at the end of a ray in the anal fin of M. Fabricit or M. rupestris. 78. Clavella gracilis n. sp. (PL IV, figs. 7 a—7 f). Female. — Very small and extremely slender. Cephalothorax even more than twice as long as _ the trunk and recurved along its dorsal side; it decreases somewhat in thickness from base to end; the head is not marked off and not enlarged; the middle part of the front margin somewhat convex. — The trunk is slender, distinctly depressed, with the posterior margin nearly straight and no vestige of any protuberance. — Ovisacs distinctly or considerably longer than the trunk, with two longitudinal rows of eggs or sometimes (fig. 7 a) in their proximal part with a single row. Antennule (fig. 7 b) 3-jointed, with first joint thick, second somewhat shorter than the first, the third slightly longer than the two others together and terminating in a hook. — Antenne (fig. 7 c) turned somewhat inwards, biramose; exopod about as long as the sympod, 2-jointed, first joint considerably thicker and much longer than the second, which terminates in two small spines; endopod undivided, obliquely ex- panded, broader than long, and without equipment. —- The proboscis moderately long, reaching slightly beyond the antennze when these are bent inwards; the terminal striated membrane is rather broad. — Maxil- lulz (fig. 7d) with the two terminal processes rather short, unequal in length and each terminating in a seta; the palp minute, spiniform. — Maxille (fig. 7 a) extremely short; a bulla in the usual sense does not exist, but a dark-brown thread, which is round at the base and then somewhat enlarged or thickened to far beyond the middle or to near the end, is more than half as long as the trunk. — Mazxillipeds (fig. 7 e) somewhat long; first joint considerably more than twice as long as broad, with the distal oblique margin sinuate; second joint armed below somewhat from the end with a spine; a curved spine or accessory claw is very distinct. Length of cephalothorax 2.6mm., of the trunk 1.2mm., of an ovisac 1.24 mm. 64 CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. Male. — The single specimen seen is 0.26 mm. long. The body (fig. 7 f) seen from the side is ovate, and the appendages occupy scarcely half of the length of the ventral line. — Antennulee 3-jointed; third joint much longer than any of the two others and terminating in 3 spines of different length. — The sympod of the antennee indistinctly 2-jointed; exopod 2-jointed and terminating in 2 short spines; endopod one- jointed, without spine. — Maxillule as in the female excepting that its two branches are proportionately longer. — The maxille and the maxillipeds well-sized and robust, though proportionately smaller than in C. Stichet. Occurrence. — Taken by the “Ingolf’”’ at a single station. Davis Strait: Stat. 35: Lat. 65°15’ N., Long. 55°05’ W., 362 fathoms, temp. 3°.6; 10 females and 1 male on the distal part of the anal fin of Polyacanthonotus rostratus Collett. 79. Clavella rugosa Kroyer. 1837. Anchorella rugosa Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskr. B.I, p. 284, Tab. II, fig. 7; Tab. III, fig. 14, a—c. 1863. —- — Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskr. 3. Rekke, B. II, p. 383. 11913. Clavella — TT. & A.Scott, Brit. Paras. Cop. p. 216, Pl. LXV, figs. 4, 5; Pl. LXVI, figs. 1—7. !r915. Clavellodes — Wilson, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 47, p. 690, Pl. 27, fig. L; Pl. 51, figs. r1go—r9g9. Occurrence. — Not taken by the “Ingolf’’. C. rugosa lives on the gills of Anarrhichas lupus, A. minor and A. latifrons. — At West Greenland it has been taken a few times; the only special locality noted is Egedesminde (Olrik). —- At Iceland it has been found (on A. latifrons) by Hallgrimsson; at North-West Iceland in Onundarfjord and in Dyre- fjord (many specimens) by Mag. sc. W. Lundbeck; at North Iceland in Ofjord by Méller. — At the Feeroes it has been secured by Sysselmand Miiller. 3 Distribution. — T. & A. Scott record localities from the north-eastern Ireland, from both sides of Scotland and from the east coast of the northern England. It is recorded from Belgium by v. Beneden, from the southern Kattegat by Kroyer, from the Sound and from Warberg (east side of Kattegat) by Olsson. Finally from Casco Bay, Maine, by Wilson. Family Choniostomatide. Since my monograph! of this family was published, rather little has been added to our knowledge of these generally small or minute parasites infesting Crustacea of various orders. Three papers may be briefly named, viz. two by T. Scott on rare or new Crustaceous (in Reports Fishery Board for Scotland for the years 1904 and 1905), and H. J. Hansen: Two new Forms of Choniostomatidée . . . (Quart. Journ. Microsc. Science, Vol. 48, II, p. 347—358, Pl. 22). The last-named treatise is noted here because it contains the description of a new genus found on the Ostracod Sarsiella hispida Brady from Akaroa Harbour, New Zealand, as it may perhaps be possible to discover allied parasites on the body of some boreal or arctic Ostracods. In the present paper no less than 18 species from the “Ingolf”’ area are mentioned, 8 of which are new to science; all of them live on Decapoda, Amphipoda, Isopoda or Cumacea, while no specimen of the two genera parasitic on My- 1 H.J.Hansen: The Choniostomatide. A Family of Copepoda, Parasites on Crustacea Malacostraca. Copenhagen 1897. 4to. CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. Il. 65 sidacea, viz. Mysidion H. J. H. and Aspidoecia Giard & Bonn., has hitherto been found within our area, but it may be probable that they can be discovered there in the future. — As the Amphipoda gathered by the “Ingolf”’, the “Thor” etc. have not been worked out, it is also highly probable that some forms not recorded here may be found on the material. Stenotocheres H. J. H. Of this interesting genus only 2 species are known, one of which was established on specimens from our area. 80. Stenotocheres egregius H.J.H. 1897. Stenotocheres egregius H. J. Hansen, Choniostomatide, p. 89, Pl. I, figs. ra—rl. 1904. ? — — T. Scott, Twenty-second Rep. Fish. Board Scotland Pt. III, p. 251, Pl. XV, figs. 5—I0. It seems to me to be somewhat uncertain whether the female described by Scott and captured on Metopa borealis G.O.S. from Aberdeen Bay really belongs to S. egregius, as according to his description and figures of the antennze and the two pairs of thoracic legs these appendages do not agree in several par- ticulars with my representation of the same parts. Occurrence. — “On Metopa Bruzelii (Goés) from two localities near the western coast of Green- land’’, viz. “Godthaab, deep water [probably 40—60 fathoms], in Sertularia, Holboll’”’, and in Davis Strait: Lat. 66°30’ N., Long. 54°50’ W., 40 fathoms, Th. Holm leg. Homoeoscelis H. J. H. The species of this genus live in the branchial chambers of Cumacea. Only 2 species have been found within our area, and both are new to science. 81. Homoeoscelis frigida n. sp. (Pl. V, figs. I a—tr g). Female. — The largest specimen is 0.93 mm. long and 0.72 mm. broad; the specimen drawn (fig. Ia) is 0.79 mm. (caudal rami not included). — The front margin of the head (fig. I c) is regularly convex without incisions, and fringed with many extremely short hairs. — Antennulz 2-jointed, as in the two species described in my work; antenne wanting; and maxillule without additional branch, palp, as in the other forms. — Maxillz with second joint plus claw somewhat long. — Maxillipeds rather long; first joint moderately robust, more than half as long as the proximal transverse diameter of the head, and with a number of fine, partially very short hairs at the end, especially at its inner angle; second joint slightly longer than the slender and feebly curved claw, and with a rather short but thick and a little biramose spine below the claw. Trunk ovate, depressed, on the anterior fourth part with numerous hairs and more posteriorly the clothing is gradually thinner, so that it nearly disappears towards the caudal rami. The two pairs of thoracic legs considerably longer than in my two earlier species, but they are much shorter than the caudal rami, and distinctly shorter than the breadth of the head. Fig. 1 d exhibits the genital area and the caudal rami; The Ingolf-Expedition. III. 7. 9 66 CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. it was impossible to discern any well chitinized arch encircling behind and on the sides the genital apertures, but the figure shows the stripe between the genital apertures clothed with numerous fine hairs, further- more that outside each genital aperture is found a stripe which proceeds backwards to outside the caudal ramus and turns inwards behind it, and this stripe is clothed with fine hairs; finally the figure shows that the caudal rami in the specimen investigated differ from one another, as one of them is simple, while the other has a secondary branch which originates from the thickened basal portion and is almost half as long as the main branch; both the rami and the secondary branch are pubescent towards the end. Ovisacs (fig. 1 b). — They are nearly globular, middle-sized, with few and proportionately large eggs; the diameter of the ovisac figured (with the ova a little oblong) is 0.36 mm. Larva. — Several well developed specimens prepared out of their egg-membranes are to hand; the total length (caudal rami included) is 0.25 mm. They agree not only in general aspect but in most fea- tures with those of the two species described in 1897, thus in the length of the sensory seta on the antennule, in extraordinary length and special structure of the antenne (fig. I e), in the maxille (fig. 1 f) and in the abdominal segments. But the maxillipeds (fig. 1 g) show marked differences; they are unusually long, as their proximal joint, which is nearly as long as the remainder of the maxilliped, is not only very much longer than the distance between maxille and maxillipeds, but even almost half as long as the cephalothorax; besides the claw is marked with about 6 slender spines along its concave margin. — Second abdominal segment about as long as the first. The longest seta on the caudal rami uncommonly long, even a little more than half as long as the whole body. Occurrence. — This parasite lives in the branchial chambers of Diastylis polaris G.O.S., and has been secured by the “Ingolf’ at two of its deepest stations in the cold area. South of Jan Mayen: Stat.117: Lat. 69°13’ N., Long. 8°23’ W., 1003 fathoms, temp. ~ 1°0; 1 female and 4 ovisacs in the right branchial chamber of an adult female of D. polaris. — Stat. 113: Lat. 69°31’N., Long. 7°06’ W., 1309 fathoms, temp. ~ 1°0; in the right branchial chamber of a female Dzastylis 1 female and 2 ovisacs, and the same number in the left gill-chamber. 82. Homoeoscelis longipes n. sp. Of this new species the material comprises 1 adult female, 1 male and an irregularly shaped lump of ova, but both animals were found so misshapen by pressure that it is impossible to give a complete descrip- tion or tolerably accurate drawings. But being able to point out some features I think that the species can be recognized with certainty, especially when the interesting host is taken into account, as no Choniostomatid has hitherto been found on any specimen of the small forms belonging to the genus Leffostylis. Female. — The body in its natural shape has been about 0.44 mm. long. Hairs could not be per- ceived on any part of the animal. The head with its appendages does not seem to exhibit any noteworthy differences from that in H. mediterraneus H. J. H. The thoracic legs are long and excepting towards their base uncommonly thin, the first leg is even distinctly longer than the proximal breadth of the head and CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. 67 only a little shorter than the caudal rami which also, and especially beyond the middle, are very thin; pubes- cence on the distal part of legs and caudal rami not discoverable. The genital area as in H. mediterranea encircled by a narrow, chitinized, transverse ring broadly open in front; as I have not cut off the posterior end of the body and cleaned it from the inside I cannot positively deny the possibility that some part of the genital area may be equipped with fine hairs, though it was impossible to discover any such clothing. Male. — Closely allied to H. mediterraneus as to clothing, naked front margin of the head, etc. In the 2-jointed antenne the second joint is considerably longer than the first. Thoracic legs distally very thin as in the female and very long, almost one-fourth as long again as the distance between the front margin of the head and the origin of the maxillipeds; pubescence not perceptible. The caudal rami somewhat shorter than the thoracic legs, but otherwise similar to them in all particulars. — The specimen seems in normal state to have been at most 0.16 mm. long. Occurrence. — Not taken by the “Ingolf’”’ but by the “Thor’’ at a single place. West of South Iceland: Lat. 63°46’ N., Long. 22°56’ W., 150 met., temp. 7°28; in the right branchial chamber of an immature male of Leptostylis villosa G. O.S. 1 female, I male, r lump of eggs. Spheeronella Salensky. Of this very rich genus 13 species are mentioned here from our area, and 6 among them are new to science. It may be practical to arrange them according to their hosts. A. Parasites on Amphipoda. 83. Spheronella Argissze H. J. H. 1897. Spheronella Argisse H. J. Hansen, Choniostomatide p. 123, Pl. IV, figs. 3 a—3n. Occurrence. — Only the specimens mentioned in the paper quoted are known. The species lives on Argissa typica, and the material was found on specimens from West Greenland, without special locality. In a marsupium was found 1 female, 2 males, 1 larva and 4 ovisacs; in an immature specimen was found I pupa, and in another immature specimen a recently hatched female. (For further particulars see op. cit. p. 125). 84. Sphezronella Metope H. J. H. 1897. Spheronella Metope H.J. Hansen, Choniostomatide, p. 125, Pl. IV, figs. 4a; Pl. V, figs. 1 a—r g. Occurrence. — “The marsupium of Metopa Bruzelii (Goés) from West Greenland off Godthaab, “deep water’ [probably 40—60 fathoms], in Sertularia, C. Holbdll”. On 3 infested female Amphipoda 3 females, I male and several ovisacs (further particulars l.c. p. 127). 85. Spheronella Holbelli H. J. H. 1897. Spheronella Holbélli H. J. Hansen, Choniostomatide, p.127, Pl. V, figs. 2 a—2 g. Occurrence. — “The marsupium of Pavampiuthoe Boecku H. J. H. from West Greenland off Godt- haab, “deep water’’ [probably 40—60 fathoms], on Sertularia, C. Holbdll”. In one Amphipod: 1 female, I male and 8 ovisacs; in another: 1 female and I male. 9* 68 CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. 86. Sphzronella Melphidipp2 n. sp. (Pl. V, figs. 2 a—2 d). Female unknown. Male. — Allied to S. capensis H. J. H. The single specimen is 0.185 mm. long and somewhat longer than broad. Seen from below (fig. 2 a) the head is somewhat broader and considerably longer than the trunk, with the frontal margin naked. — The antennule are long, even more than one-third as long as the body, and besides somewhat robust, with long seta. — Antennee 3-jointed; the joints subequal in length, and the third terminates in a somewhat short, strong seta. — The mouth is unusually small. — Maxillule normal, with additional branch (exopod). — The maxille are very characteristic; the first joint is very robust and has on its postero-interior side a longitudinal row of about 5 very oblong, somewhat curved, acute processes (fig. 2.e); the second joint is broad at the base, the claw slender and somewhat long. — Maxillipeds moderately long; first joint robust, rather considerably longer than the remainder of the appendages, with some trans- verse rows of setz on the anterior side, and among these rows one a little beyond the middle and one a little before the end are long, while the others, one of which near the base, are short, and besides the outer side of the joint has several sete; the claw has a minute spine close before the end. — The submedian skeleton has two pairs of processes; the first pair, originating between the inser- tions of the maxillipeds, is of middle length, while the processes of second pair are quite small, oblong triangles near each other. — The ear-shaped arch surrounding the base of each antennula is equipped with hairs of middle length, and from that point the hair-covering continues in a narrow stripe of similar hairs along the whole length of the outside of the protruding lateral border of the head; from the posterior angle of this border a broad, transverse belt of similar hairs runs upwards and backwards across the side and the back of the animal in a very slanting direction (fig. 2 b). On the back behind this line we find the usual naked transverse area which is moderately long; the sides of the trunk, the posterior surface and the ventral surface excepting in front are rather densely covered with hairs of medium length. — The first pair of legs consists of a very broad and somewhat short, partly hairy basal part, from which projects a moderately long branch possessing a triangular protuberance of its base (fig. 2d) and terminating in some hairs and a single seta about as long as the first joint of the maxillipeds. Second pair of legs (fig. 2 b) consists of a joint which is somewhat shorter and considerably thicker than the branch of first legs, has a rather large, dorsal, sub- triangular protuberance at the middle, and terminates in a seta, which is a little longer than that of first legs. — The caudal rami are thick, longer than thick, and the terminal seta about as long as that of first legs. Ovisacs. — They are large, ovate, with numerous eggs. Remarks. — Though the female is unknown I do not hesitate to establish this species, as the male, which is excellently preserved, is very characteristic by the armature of the basal joint of the maxilla. And no other Choniostomatid has been found on any species of the genus Melplidippa Boeck. Occurrence. — Taken by the “Ingolf” at a single place. North-West of Iceland: Stat. 15: Lat. 66°18’ N., Long. 25°59’ W., 330 fathoms, temp. + 0°75; in the marsupium of a mutilated Melphidippa borealis Boeck 1 male, 2 ovisacs, and a half-developed embryo of the Amphipod. CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. I. 69 87. Spheronella Bonnieri H. J. H. 1897. Spheronella Bonnieri H. J. Hansen, Choniostomatide p.136, Pl. VI, figs.4a—4d; Pl. VII, figs. I a—t b. Occurrence. — It lives on females and generally in the marsupium of Protomedeia fasciata Kr. at West Greenland. Some few hosts determined by Kroyer were without special localities; others were gathered in the harbour of Godthaab (Lat. 64°11’ N.) in 2—3 fathoms by Th. Holm, and one among them was a female without marsupium bearing a small female and a male (Further particulars l.c. p. 137—38). 88. Sphzronella 4 gine n. sp. (Pl. V, figs. 3 a—3 g). Female. — The largest specimen is 2.1 mm. long and 1.95 mm. broad (fig. 3 a), The head is some- what small and well defined from the trunk. The frontal margin is naked. — Antennulze of middle length (fig. 3d), rather robust, 3-jointed; first joint conspicuously shorter and thicker than the second, while the third is slightly shorter than the two others combined, and its distal setee are moderately long. — Antennz rather small, 3-jointed; second joint much longer than the first and slightly longer than the third, which is about as long as the terminal seta. — The mouth somewhat large; its border of medium breadth. — On the maxillulz an additional branch could not be discovered. — The maxille normal; the basal joint smooth. — The maxillipeds scarcely of medium length; the first joint somewhat robust, naked; second and third joints completely fused and rather short, with a thick spine below the base of the claw, and the claw has 3 fine spines on the distal part of its concave margin. The submedian skeleton does not show any peculiarity; at the base of each maxilliped several hairs directed inwards. The protruding lateral borders of the head naked. — The genital area (fig. 3 e) much narrower than the head (figs. 3 d and 3 e drawn with the same enlargement), forming a kind of transverse rectangle much broader than long, with the angles broadly rounded, the posterior margin rather concave and nearly incised at the middle, while the anterior has the median part concave and the lateral parts irregularly defined; pubescence completely wanting. The figure exhibits also a spermatophore on a long stalk, and the stalk of another. The caudal rami rather close together very near the posterior margin of the chitinized genital plate as two rounded knots; setee absent and probably lost. Male. — The specimen exhibited in figs. 1 f and 1 g is 0.42 mm. long and scarcely 0.32 mm. broad; seen from the side it is moderately thick. The head is conspicuously shorter than the trunk, and the animal is broadest just behind the head. The frontal border somewhat produced, rounded and naked. — The anten- nulze only of moderate length and distinctly more slender than in female; first joint conspicuously longer and thicker than the second and scarcely as long as the third; sete as in the female. — Antennz small, 3-jointed. — Mouth somewhat small. — Maxillule with a distinct additional branch. — Maxille rather small; basal joint without tooth or sete. — Maxillipeds somewhat small; first joint rather slender, with a few sete on the anterior margin; second joint very slender; the third somewhat widened towards the end; the claw with about 3 fine spines on the concave margin towards the end. — The submedian skeleton with the second pair of processes somewhat long, cylindrical and diverging; the two other pairs wanting. — From 7O CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. in front of the base of the antennule the lateral, protruding border of the head is equipped with a row of somewhat short hairs, but towards the posterior end of this border one finds a lateral patch of long hairs, and from its posterior end a stripe of long and dorsally extremely long hairs runs upwards on the side and across the back of the animal. While the whole ventral surface of the trunk, excepting the transverse area between the legs of first pairs, and besides the lateral surface is clothed with innumerable short hairs, the dorsal surface of the trunk is very different. Across the middle of this surface one sees a rather large, trans- verse, completely naked area (fig. 3 g); between this area and the stripe of extremely long hairs the skin is near the median line covered with moderately short hairs, and towards the sides the hairs are shorter; behind the naked area a transverse area with long hairs is found. First pair of legs consists of a rather broad but short peduncle with two rami; the outer ramus is shorter than the breadth of the peduncle, 2-jointed, with first joint considerably thicker and shorter than the second which terminates in two setee, the outer longer than the breadth of the peduncle and twice or more than twice as long as the other; the inner ramus is about half as long as the outer, one-jointed and terminates in a seta about as long as the shorter seta on the outer ramus. Second pair of legs small, two- jointed; first joint considerably thicker and much shorter than the second, which terminates in two sete, both shorter than the setze on the outer ramus of first legs. — Caudal rami placed considerably before the end of the body and rather close together; they are somewhat small, and each with a terminal seta con- spicuously longer than the longest seta on first legs. Ovisacs. — They are of medium size (fig. 3 c), with a moderately good number of eggs; the ovisac exhibited is a little oblong and 0.84 mm. long. Remarks. — S. #gine is more similar to S. Giavdi than to any other species hitherto known; the female does not show any striking feature, but the male differs especially by the peculiar clothing of the trunk, and besides the legs and the caudal rami afford valuable specific characters. Occurrence. — Taken by the “Ingolf’’ at a single station. Midway between Iceland and the Feeroes: Stat. 3: Lat. 63°35’ N., Long. 10°24’ W., 272 fathoms, temp. 0°5; in the marsupium of gina echinata Boeck. On one host: 1 large female, 1 male and 4 ovisacs; on another: 1 female and 2 males. Note. — It may be pointed out that Sphar. gine is the first species of the family found on a representative of the sub-order Caprellidea. — Far east of the Ferges, at Lat. 62°40’ N., Long. 1°56’ E., 365 fath., temp. ~ 0°3, the “Michael Sars’”’ (Cand. mag. Ad. Jensen) captured 2 specimens of Caprella punc- tata Boeck infested with Spheronella in the marsupium; on one host 1 female and 10 ovisacs very different in size, on the other Caprella 1 female and 3 small ovisacs. As no male was discovered I have not dissected a female for comparing it with S. #gine, fearing that without possessing the male it would be impossible to decide with certainty whether this parasite belongs to S. #gine or represents another new species. CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. 71 B. Parasites on Cumacea. 89. Sphzronella decorata H. J. H. 1897. Spheronella decorata H. J. Hansen, Choniostomatide, p.150, Pl. VIII, figs. 3 a—30; Pl. IX, figs. I a—I b. Among the new material is found a pupa, a stage unknown of the present species. It is slightly more than 0.1 mm. long and similar to that of S. zmsignis H. J. H. described in the book quoted, differing only in being somewhat longer than broad, and possessing on the front end a somewhat short thread with a couple of thickenings; its whole surface its clothed with rather short hairs excepting on the protruding pouches representing antennule and all the mouth-parts. Occurrence. — Taken by the “Ingolf’’ at a single station. Davis Strait: Stat. 28: Lat. 65°14’ N., Long. 55°42’ W., 420 fathoms, temp. 3°5; 2 specimens of Diastylis Rathkei Kr. with parasites in the marsupium. On one specimen: 1 female and I male; on the other: 1 female and 1 pupa. S. decorata was established on material found in the marsupia of six specimens of Diastylis Rathkei Kr. from West Greenland, without special locality. Further particulars on the contents of each marsupium of these hosts are given op. cit. p. 152—53. Distribution. — Kara Sea, on D. Rathke: Kr. (H. J. Hansen). 90. Spheronella rotundata n. sp. (Pl. V, figs. 4 a—+4 f). Female. — An adult specimen (fig. 4 a) is 0.8 mm. and 0.94 mm. broad. The head is well defined from the trunk; its front margin (fig. c) is very broadly rounded, naked, and the area between that margin and the antennule and rostrum is simple. — Antennule (figs. 4c—4d) well developed, 3-jointed, with some setze of moderate length; second joint a little shorter than the first or the third. — Antenne wanting. — Mouth middle-sized. — Principal branches of the maxillule short; additional branch not discovered with certainty. — Basal joint of the maxillz short, with some few, short filaments at the distal connecting membrane; second joint well marked from the claw. — Maxillipeds middle-sized; the proximal joint some- what slender and without bristles; second and third joints coalesced, with a pubescent spine near the end; last joint pubescent towards the obtuse end. The submedian skeleton moderately developped, and two pairs of ridges could be discerned. — The lateral margins of the head and the whole trunk naked. — Genital area (fig. 4 e) very much narrower than the head and much broader than long, with its median longitudinal part chitinized, and from this originates between the posterior part of the genital apertures a pair of chitinized plates, each of which runs somewhat backwards and then outwards and forwards as an arch, and serves for the fixation of the muscula- ture opening the genital aperture; these apertures are rather near each other and proportionately long. — The caudal rami are extremely small and placed at the base of the median thin skin between the origin of the chitinized plates mentioned. 72, CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. Male. — It is somewhat large (fig. 4 b) as compared with the female (fig. 4 a); the specimen drawn is 0.26 mm. long. Seen from below (fig. 4 f) its greatest breadth is situated off the base of the maxille; the head is longer than the trunk. In front of the antennulee the head is much produced, and most of the margin is strongly curved, without incisions; its most frontal part is equipped with fine hairs. Somewhat behind this margin the lower surface shows a small, sub-quadratic, chitinized plate with four small holes; besides all four angles of the plate are rounded and the margins incurved. — Antennulee about as in the female, excepting that the second joint is much shorter than any of the two others. — Antenne wanting. — The hairs on the border of the mouth of middle length. — Maxillule as in the female. — Maxille rather small; basal joint smooth, but many bristles are seen along the distal connecting membrane. — Mazxillipeds have the first joint rather long and moderately robust, its distal half is equipped with numerous hairs on the anterior side, and on the lower surface similar hairs are arranged in some four transverse rows; second and third joints fused, with the distal spine somewhat short and robust; terminal joint a little pubescent, acute. The submedian skeleton is moderately developed, but has at the base of the maxillipeds two pairs of well developed processes, the anterior outer pair about half as long as the posterior, rather long pair. — The lateral border of the head to somewhat in front of the antennulee with numerous rather long hairs. The entire trunk — excepting the most anterior part of the ventral surface — is clothed with rather long hairs, but at the limit between head and trunk a belt of extremely long hairs runs from the end of the protruding border of the head upwards on the side and across the dorsal surface. — The legs are well developed and both pairs nearly similar; each leg consists of a short and moderately thick, hairy sympod with two rami longer than the sympod, and each terminates in a very long and strong spine slightly marked off from the ramus; the outer ramus with its spine is a little longer than the inner one. — Fach caudal ramus is a small joint, about as long as broad, and terminating in a moderately long, thin spine. Ovisacs. — Only 2 ovisacs were found; they are very small, each with 9 eggs. Remarks. — This species is easily separated from the 5 other forms of Spheronella living in the marsupium of Cumacea and described by me in 1897. The male of S. votundata differs strongly by the simple shape of the front margin and the long thoracic legs; the female is as usual less characteristic, but differs in some easily observed particulars, as the frontal margin, the antennule, etc. Occurrence. — This parasite was discovered in the marsupium of Hemilamprops cristata G. O.S.; the hosts have not been taken by the “Ingolf” but by the “Thor” at the following place. South-West of the Feeroes: Lat. 61°08’ N., Long. 9°28’ W., 710—820 met., temp. 8°20; 3 females, 2 males and 2 small ovisacs in the marsupia of adult females. C. Parasites on Isopoda. gt. Spheeronella curtipes H. J. H. 1897. Spheronella curtipes H. J. Hansen, Choniostomatide p. 164, Pl. X, figs. 2 a—2 g. The male found on Janira Vilhelmine Steph. captured in I9gII is 0.92 mm. long and agrees with my earlier drawings and description of S. curtipes excepting one, viz. that the lamellar protuberance between the broad frontal border and each antennula seems to be naked, while it has short marginal hairs in the CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. WS type, but this point is certainly too small to be considered a character justifying the establishment of a new species. — The female from the Isopod named is 3 mm. long, but 3.2 mm. broad, thus considerably larger than the type (2.4 mm. long, 2.2 mm. broad), but the difference may nearly be explained by the fact that the female from J. Vilhelmine has laid only 8 ovisacs, while 12 ovisacs were found at the type. Though it is impossible to examine more closely the head and the genital area of the female without dissection, this is deemed unnecessary because the male sex, which generally affords more conspicuous specific characters than the female, agrees so well with the type. Occurrence. — Not taken by the “Ingolf’”’, but by two other Danish expeditions to West Greenland. West Greenland, at Lat. 67°45’ N., Northern Strémfjord, 213—218 fathoms, temp. ~ 0°7; 1 female, I male and 8 ovisacs in the marsupium of a specimen of Janiva Vilhelmine Steph. secured by Dr. V. Nordmann. Davis Strait: Lat. 66°32’ N., Long. 55°34’ W., 100 fathoms; 1 female, 2 males and 12 ovisacs in the marsupium of a specimen of Janiva spinosa Harger, captured during the cruize of the “Fylla” 9/VII 1884 by Th. Holm. 92. Spheronella Munnopsidis H. J. H. 1897. Spheronella Munnopsidis H. J. Hansen, Choniostomatide p. 168, Pl. X, figs. 4 a—4d. The quality of my new material makes it impossible to add anything worth writing to my earlier description. The hitherto unknown male is probably only to be found together with a somewhat young female which has deposited at most only a portion of its eggs. Occurrence. — Not taken by the “Ingolf”’, but by the IInd Amdrup-Expedition in 1900 at two places (by Mag. sc. S6ren Jensen). East Greenland: Turner Sound, Lat. 69°44’ N., about 3 fathoms; 1 Munnopsis typica M. Sars with the marsupium extremely swollen and containing 1 damaged female and I4 ovisacs. — — Hurry Inlet, Lat. 70°50’ N., 7—o fathoms; 1 Munnopsis typica with a half empty and irregularly collapsed female parasite and 18 ovisacs in the marsupium. Distribution. — Kara Sea, on Mumnnopsis typica M. Sars (H. J. Hansen). 93. Spheronella Munnez n. sp. (Pl. V, figs. 5 a—5 d). Female. — The single specimen had probably not yet laid any of its eggs and is only 0.66 mm. long and 0.55 mm. broad (fig. 5 a). The head is large in proportion to the trunk and not marked off; its frontal border not produced, transverse and nearly straight. — Antennule (fig. 5 b) 2-jointed; first joint consider- ably thicker and much shorter than the second, which has some moderately short setee. — Antennee wanting. — Mouth of very moderate size. — Maxillule normal; the additional branch (exopod) distinct. — Maxillee somewhat weak; on the proximal joint no bristles could be discovered at its end; second joint fused with the claw which is obtuse and with some tiny bristles on the rounded end. — Maxillipeds somewhat long; The Ingolf-Expedition. III. 7. Io 74 CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. first joint more than half as long again as the remainder of the maxilliped and rather curved, naked; second and third joints completely fused, forming a single somewhat robust and curved joint; the claw rather short, slender, acute; below its insertion the usual spine, which is thick, short, very obtuse, with tiny bristles around the end. The submedian skeleton moderately developed. —- Lateral borders of the head scarcely developed, naked; somewhat behind the base of the maxillipeds the ventral side of the trunk has a number of sete mostly arranged in transverse rows, but no other sete could be discovered on the trunk. — Genital area (fig. 5 c) is a kind of transverse, chitinized ring much broader than long and with both the anterior and the posterior margin a little concave; besides the anterior and the posterior parts of the ring are united by a median longitudinal chitinized plate somewhat narrow near its middle; setee are wanting, but the caudal rami, which originate very near each other between the middle of the genital apertures on the ring, are very small, oblong and each with two small terminal bristles. Male. — A well-preserved specimen (fig. 5 d) is 0.275 mm. long and almost half as long again as broad; seen from below its greatest breadth is found at the base of the head which is about as long as the trunk. In front of the antennule the head is moderately produced, the margin broadly convex and even a little incurved at the middle, naked. — Antennule somewhat robust and of middle length, 2-jointed; first joint much longer than the second; the usual setee of very moderate length. — Antennee wanting. — Mouth rather small. — Maxillule with additional branch, as in the female. — Maxille middle-sized; first joint seems to be smooth; the claw acute. — Maxillipeds of medium length; first joint somewhat robust, beyond the middle with a transverse row of hairs on the lower and the anterior side; second and third joints coalesced, but the joint formed in this way is narrowed beyond the middle; the terminal joint, the claw, is acute with some very short sete or tiny spines along the concave margin; the spine below the insertion of the claw is oblong-triangular, acute. The submedian skeleton is moderately developed and without free posterior processes. — The lateral borders of the head from the antennule backwards are equipped with hairs of middle length; the entire trunk, excepting the most anterior part of its ventral surface, is covered with long hairs. — Trunk-legs and caudal rami wanting. Ovisacs unknown. Remarks. — The male is more similar to those of S. dispar and S. insignis, which live on Cumacea, than to the same sex of S. curtipes on species of Janira; it is easily distinguished from every other species hitherto known. Occurrence. — Taken by the “Ingolf”’ at a station in the cold area. East of Iceland: Stat. 105: Lat. 65°34’ N., Long. 7°31’ W., 762 fathoms, temp. = 0°8; in the marsupium of a specimen of Munna spinifera H. J. H. 1 female and 2 males. 94. Sphzeronella Nannonisci n. sp. (Pl. V, figs. 6 a—6 b). Female. — The single specimen, which had deposited all its eggs, is nearly empty and quite small, being 0.44 mm. long and only a little more than half as broad as long (fig. 6 a), consequently very oblong- CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. 75 ovate; the head is uncommonly large in proportion to the trunk and not marked off. Frontal margin naked, transverse and nearly touching the base of the proboscis. — Antennule rather short with a few short sete, 3-jointed ; first joint distinctly longer and thicker than any of the two others, which are subsimilar in length. — Antenne wanting. — The rostrum, excepting its terminal part, is much inflated (fig. 6 b) with the front wall reaching for beyond the anterior margin of the head; the mouth is middle-sized. — Maxillula some- what small; the additional branch is well developed. — Maxille somewhat small; first joint naked; second joint completely fused with the curved, acute claw. — Maxillipeds somewhat clumsy; first joint naked; second and third joints marked off from each other, and the latter with a minute, simple spine below the insertion of the acute, simple claw. Submedian skeleton rather feebly developed, without processes. Both the lateral borders of the head and the entire trunk without hairs. — Genital area small, transverse and together with the caudal rami in all features so similar to that in S. Munne that a description is superfluous. Male unknown. Ovisacs. — Together with the female described was found a lump consisting of two ovisacs pasted together; the ovisacs are somewhat irregularly shaped, each about twice as large as the emptied female and with a rather good number of eggs. Occurrence. — Taken by the “Ingolf”’ at a station in the warm area. West of Iceland: Stat. 90: Lat. 64°45’ N., Long. 29°06’ W., 568 fathoms, temp. 4°4; in the mar- supium of a specimen of Nannoniscus simplex H.J.H. 1 female and 2 ovisacs. 95. Spheronella Pleurogonii n. sp. (Pl. V, figs. 7 a—7 h). Female. — A very large specimen (fig. 7 a) is 0.97 mm. long and 0.95 mm. broad; it had not de- posited the eggs. The head is rather small as compared with the trunk and well marked off. The frontal margin is moderately convex, naked. — The antennule (fig. 7 d) very short, 2-jointed; first joint considerably thicker than long and twice as thick as the second, which is a little oblong with only 2 sete. — Antenne wanting. — Rostrum well developed; mouth middle-sized. — Maxillule with the two principal branches rather long and besides an additional branch. — Maxille only moderately developed; basal joint somewhat small and smooth; second joint fused with the claw, which has some minute bristles towards the obtuse end. — Max- illipeds proportionately somewhat small; first joint twice as long as the other joints together, curved, without hairs; second and third joints are fused into a moderately thick but very short joint, while the last joint is still shorter, cylindrical with the end rounded, and equipped with a number of minute bristles. Submedian skeleton distinct though feebly developed. Posterior half of the protruding lateral borders of the head with a row of very short hairs, while the trunk seems to be quite naked. — Genital area (fig. 7 e) only about half as broad as the head, showing a chitinized ring much broader than long; its front margin is slightly concave at the middle, a longitudinal median plate runs from the anterior to the posterior part of the ring, and the posterior margin is triangularly incurved at the middle, while the caudal rami are inserted To* 76 CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. close together on the softer skin just behind the ring; each ramus is minute, a little oblong, with two rather short terminal sete. Male. — This sex is unusually small; the specimen represented in fig. 7b — drawn by the same enlargement as the female shown in fig. 7 a — is only 0.135 mm. long; fig. 7 f exhibits the same male highly magnified, showing it to be nearly regularly oval, only a little more than one-fourth as long again as broad. It is broadest off the base of the maxillipeds, and the head is somewhat longer than the trunk. The frontal margin is moderately produced, moderately and regularly convex, without hairs. — Antennulz very short, somewhat indistinctly 2-jointed, the first joint somewhat robust and longer than thick, the second small; each antennula has some few normal and somewhat short setze and a longer sensory seta. — Antennze wanting. — Mouth middle-sized. — Maxillule small; an additional branch could not be discerned with any certainty. — Maxille middle-sized; first joint smooth; the claw curved and acute. — Maxillipeds similar to those in the female, having the distal joints reduced in size and the end obtuse; bristles could not be perceived on any joint. The submedian skeleton is somewhat feebly developed, without posterior processes. The protruding lateral borders of the head equipped with moderately short hairs. The whole trunk — excepting as usual the anterior part of the ventral surface — is covered with proportionately long hairs. Trunk-legs and caudal rami wanting. Ovisacs. —- It seems to be a rule that the female of this species deposits only two ovisacs, and these occupy the lateral parts of the marsupial cavity, having the female between them. Each ovisac is conse- quently very large and very oblong (fig. 7 c); the ovisac figured is as long, and half as broad, as a very large female, 0.97 mm. long and a little less than half as broad; the ova are rather large and consequently mode- rately numerous. Larve. — A completely developed specimen (fig. 7 g) taken free in a marsupium is 0.3 mm. long, thus somewhat more than twice as long as the male. The cephalothorax is ovate, about one-third as long again as broad. On the front, inside the base of the antennulz, a couple of very oblique lists, running from the proboscis forwards and outwards to about the anterior angle of the insertion of the antennule. — Anten- nulz 2-jointed, first joint distinctly longer than second; sensory seta a little less than half as long as the animal. — Antenne as long as the antennule, 3-jointed ; second joint about as long as first and third combined ; third only a little longer than broad and terminating in two sete, one of which quite short, the other about as long as second joint. — Maxillule rather small; an additional branch could not be traced. — Maxitllee middle-sized; first joint shows a distal row of 4 very small, subcylindrical processes, and most probably another similar row is covered by second joint in the position drawn; claw without teeth. — Maxillipeds middle-sized; second joint somewhat longer than broad and half as long as the third; terminal spine much longer than second and third joint together. —- Abdomen middle-sized, moderately robust; first segment conspicuously longer than second, and the spines from its postero-lateral angles reach far beyond the end of the caudal rami. Postlarval Development. — A single pupa (fig. 7 h) was found; it is 0.143 mm. long, somewhat longer than broad, ovate, with a short thread near the front end. Antennulee, proboscis, maxillule, maxillee CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. NI N and maxillipeds are seen as protruding naked pouches of somewhat irregular shape. The whole pupa is clothed with hairs which are conspicuously longer posteriorly than anteriorly, only the pouches mentioned and the intervals between them are naked. Remarks. — Both in male and female the antennule and the distal joints of the maxillipeds are more reduced in size and degree of development than is generally the case in the rich genus Spheronella. The pupa and the larva show more affinity to forms parasitic on Cumacea than to those on Amphipoda. Occurrence. — The parasite, which has not been secured by the “Ingolf”’, inhabits the marsupium of Pleurogonium spinosissimum G.O.S., and has been gathered at Iceland at the following places. North-West Iceland: Onundarfjord, 11—12 fathoms, 18/V 1893, Mag. sc. W. Lundbeck; 1 larva. East Iceland: Mjoifjord, 40 fathoms, 19/V 1899, Mag. sc. R. H6rring; on one host 1 female (nearly empty) and 2 long ovisacs (male not looked for). _— — Faskrudsfjord, 20—5o0 fathoms, clay, 17/VII 1899, Mag. sc. R. Horring; 2 infested females, one with 1 female, 1 larva and 1 pupa; the other with 1 female and 1 male. — — Breiddalsvik, 6 fathoms, mud and black sand, 18/VII Igoo, Dr. A. C. Johansen; 7 females infested: one with 1 large female and 1 male, the second with I very large female (the type figured) and 1 larva; the third with 2 very long ovisacs and I quite small, almost empty and shrivelled female (0.62 mm. long, 0.21 mm. broad), the fourth specimen infested as the third; the fifth has the marsupium filled with nearly developed larve. In the two other specimens the marsupium has not been opened. Choniostoma H. J. H. This genus comprises hitherto only 2 species, both from the arctic and boreal regions, and both found in the “Ingolf’’ area. — It may be noted here that in spite of special search I have not yet been able to discover any male of the genus. 96. Choniostoma mirabile H. J. H. 1886. Choniostoma mirabile H.J. Hansen, Dijmphna-Togtets zool.-bot. Udbytte, p. 271, Tab. XXIV, figs. 7—7 h. 11897. — — H.J. Hansen, Choniostomatide, p.171, Pl. X, figs.5a—5c; Pl. XI, figs. 1 a—t kk. Occurrence. — Not taken by the “Ingolf’’, but by two other expeditions. East Greenland: Angmagsalik (Lat. 65°30’ N.), 3—o fathoms, 2nd Amdrup-Exped. 14/IX 1900; on the left side of the carapace of Spivontocaris Gaimardiu H. M.-Edw. in a large swelling 1 female and 12 ovisacs. South-West of Iceland: Lat. 63°46’ N., Long. 22°56’ W., 150 met., temp. 7°28, the “Thor” 2/VII 1904; I specimen of Spirvontocaris Lilljeborgit Danielssen with 1 female 78 CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. and 3 ovisacs in a large swelling on the left side of the carapace, and a large Sylon Hippolytes Kr. on the abdomen. In the work quoted it is mentioned (p. 174) that ovisacs of a species of Choniostoma were found on S. Gaimardii from the Davis Strait at Lat. 66°30’ N., Long. 54°50’ W., 40 fath., but as no female was present it was impossible to determine the parasite. Distribution. — Kara Sea, the branchial cavity of S. Gaimardu (H. J. Hansen). — In my mono- graph it was stated (p. 174) that specimens of Choniostoma had been secured by Max Weber on S. Gaimardit from the Murman Sea, and by Sparre Schneider on the same shrimp from Hilleso in the Malangen Fjord (Finmarken), but that in both cases the parasite could not be referred to species. 97. Choniostoma Hansenii Giard & Bonn. 1889. Choniostoma Hansen Giard & Bonnier, Bull. scient. de la France et de la Belgique T. XX, p. 366 [without description]. 1895. --- — Giard & Bonnier, Bull. sci. France et de la Belg. T. XXV, p. 479. 11897. — — H.J. Hansen, Choniostomatide p.174, Pl. X, figs. 6a—6b; Pl. XI, figs. 2a—2 f. Among the 4 immature females taken together (see below) the largest specimen has arrived at the shape of the adult; it is 1.67 mm. broad and 1.5 mm. long; the 3 other specimens are nearly circular in out- line, and the diameter of the smallest specimen is 1.05 mm. All 4 specimens are somewhat depressed. The largest specimen has a number of proportionately long setee on the sides and some on the dorsal surface, while the ventral surface is naked excepting towards the margins and besides the median part of the front margin. The small females look more setiferous than the largest specimen, but the distribution of their long setee on the body is about the same. Occurrence. — Not taken by the “Ingolf’’. West Greenland: Lille Karajak Fjord (ab. Lat. 70°20’ N.); specimens taken by Dr. E. Vanh6ffen on Spirontocaris Gaimardi M. Edw. and S. polaris Sab. North Iceland: “Reykjarfjordr’’, 3—o fathoms, “Diana” (A. Ditlevsen) 21/VII 1902; 1 female and Q ovisacs in a large swelling on the right side of the carapace of Spivontocaris Gaimardir; the shrimp has besides on the abdomen a moderately young female with male of Phryxus abdominalis Kr. North-East Iceland: Midfjord, 40'/,—50 fathoms, “Diana’’ (Mag. sc. R. Hoérring) 14/V 1898; 2 in- fested specimens of S. Gaimardii. One of these specimens is an ovigerous female; its carapace is scarcely swelled on the left side, nevertheless the branchial cavity contained 4 immature females rather different in size (see above), but no ovisacs or male; the right side of the same shrimp is distinctly swelled and the branchial cavity contained 2 females very different in size — the large one scarcely full-grown — and besides a larva in second stage of an Epicarid, probably Bopyroides Hippolytes Kr. CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. 79 The other host is somewhat larger, without ova; in a considerable swelling on the left side of the carapace is found I adult female and 5 ovisacs. — Besides the tube with the two shrimps contained a male Phyyxus abdonunalis Kr. which probably had been affixed on the specimen with- out ova. Distribution. — Kara Sea, in the branchial cavity of Spivontocaris Gaimardii and S. polaris (H. J. Hansen). As stated above (p. 78) it may be possible that the specimens of Choniostoma from the Murman Sea and Finmarken belonged to this species. Family Herpyllobliide. This family was established by the present writer in 1892 in a small paper which is quoted below at Herpyllobius arcticus; it contains the description of a most curious parasitic Copepod Rhizorhina Ampe- lisce H. J. H. (the genesic name ought to be written Rhizorrhina) and additions to our knowledge of the male of Herpyllobius arcticus. 'To the new family I referred Herpyllobius Stp. & Ltk. (Sileniwm Kr.), Eury- silenum M. Sars and Riuzorrhina H. J. H., “with considerable probability” Saccopsis Levinsen and Brado- phlula Pevinsen, not improbably Tvophoniplila Brady: M’Intosh (1885) and possibly Oestrella Levinseni M'Intosh (1885). All forms, excepting R/izorrhina, are parasites on Annelids. Only two of the genera, viz. Herpyllobius and Riizorrhina, may be said to be rather well known. The female consists in these genera (and in Eurysilenium) of two portions joined by a short stalk; the portion found outside the host is a more or less subglobular, limbless body containing the reproductive organs and bearing two ovisacs; the stalk is either a short tube or two very thin tubes lying close together; the portion within the host consists either of ramified tubes (Rhizorrhina) or of a large, very oblong, flattened (Herpyl- lobius) or round (Eurysilenium), soft body without vestige of any external organ. In all cases the animal is partly endoparasite, as the portion within the host is free, not surrounded by any chitinous membrane belonging to the host. The larval males fasten themselves in the first Cyclops-stage (R/uzorrhina) or in the second Cyclops-stage to the skin of the female more or less near its genital apertures by a viscous substance from the larval mouth. Later on the male is seen within the larval cephalothorax as a limbless body without mouth or any other organ; in Herpyllobius (not in Riizorrhina) the male develops anteriorly a small, conical part which breaks through the front of the larval skin and fastens its end by a viscous substance on the female. In older males most of the body is occupied by two enormous spermatophores, which in Rhizorrhina send their ducts through a ring in front of the larval mouth, while in Herpyllobius the ducts project through the above-mentioned rupture in the larval skin in front of the larval mouth and behind the secondary frontal fixation of the male itself. These statements may be sufficient here for the general characterization of this extremely curious family. Most of the literature on the family is in Danish, and the major part has unfortunately a controversial character; the most exhaustive treatment (80 pages) is found in my book published in 1900 and quoted at Herpyllobius arcticus. | Only two of the genera enumerated above are found in the “Ingolf”’ area. 80 CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. Herpyllobius Stp. & Ltk. (Silenium Kr.). All specimens from our area are referred to a single species, H. arcticus. Whether the two other northern species, H. crassivostris M. Sars and H. affinis H.J.H., are valid may be doubtful, but these questions cannot be finally settled without a most detailed examination of the appendages and their sete of the larval males. 98. Herpyllobius arcticus Stp. & Ltk. 1861. Herpyllobius arcticus Steenstrup & Liitken, K. Danske Vid. Selsk. Skr. 5. Reekke, naturh. og math. Afd. 5. B. p. 426, Tab. XV, fig. 40 «, 407, 400 (not 40 £). 1863. Silenium Polynoés Kroyer, Nat. Tidssk. 3. Rekke, Bd. II, p. 403, Tab. XVIII, fig. 6, a—g. 1877. Herpyllobius arcticus Levinsen, Vid. Medd. Naturh. Foren. i Kjobenhavn, 1877, p. 363, Tab. VI, Fig. 12—18. 1892. -— — H.J. Hansen, Entom. Medd. udgivne af Entom. Foren. i Kjgbenhavn, 3. B., p. 227—231. 1900. — — Soren Jensen, Overs. Kgl. Danske Vid. Selsk. Forhandl. 1900, p. 84, Tab. I, Fig. 8—g, Tab. II, Fig. 1o—18. 1900. = — H. J. Hansen, Danmarks Stilling og Tilstand, II. Det Kgl. Danske Vid. Selskab; med Tilleg, p. 124—205. 1912. — — Kathleen Haddon, Quart. Journ. Microsc. Sci., Vol. 58, pt. 2, p. 385—410, Pl. 22 and 4 Text-figures. In this synonymical list the more important publications as to Herpyllobius arcticus (and the family Herpyllobiidee) are enumerated. The animal was first mentioned, without name, by Kroyer (1838); other papers dealing with this vexed topic or stating new localities have been written by Steenstrup (1869), M. Sars (1870), Kroyer (1870), Schiddte (1870), M’Intosh (1874), Claus (1875), H. J. Hansen (1886(1887) and 1897), Giard & Bonnier (1893), Gravier (1912), K. Stephensen (1912, 1913 and 1916). The papers from 1838 to 1912 written by all these authors may be found noted either in Kathleen Haddon’s above-named treatise or in K. Stephensen’s “Conspectus”’, 1913. The material from the “Ingolf” area seen by me is very large, comprising specimens from nearly thirty localities. All the hosts preserved belong to the genus Harmothoé; most of them to H. imbricata L., but some among them to H. vavispina Sars; besides parasites have been found on 2 specimens of H. mollis Sars, and on a single specimen of H. aspera Arm.-Hansen'. Some authors state that it has also been found on a few other Annelids (see ‘‘Occurrence”’ and “Distribution’’). The majority of the specimens of this parasite are found on the upper surface of the head of small specimens of the host, but sometimes also on good-sized or large hosts; in a few cases 2 parasites are found near each other on the same head. Sometimes a single parasite or even 2 parasites may be observed on the body in front of or behind its middle, but at or just above the parapodia. Generally the parasites have their external body subglobose and the ovisacs most frequently not much longer than broad, but sometimes the 1 The major part of the hosts has been determined by Mag. sc. H. Ditlevsen. CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. Il. 8r external body is larger and somewhat oblong, and especially — but not exclusively —- in such cases the ovi- sacs are somewhat or considerably longer in proportion to breadth than usual. Large parasites are most frequently found on large hosts. Occurrence. — Taken by the “Ingolf’’ at 0 stations. Davis Strait: Stat. 32: Lat. 66°35’ N., Long. 56°38’ W., 318 fathoms, temp. 3°9; 1 female on the head of Harmothoé aspera Arm. Hansen. — — Stat. 35: Lat. 65°16’ N., Long. 55°05’ W., 362 fathoms, temp. 3°6; 1 female on the head of Harmothoé sp. H, arcticus has been gathered at numerous places along the western coast of Greenland. The most northern locality is at about Lat. 76°8’ N., Long. 68°30’ W., 5—12 fath. (Sofia Exped., Sv. Riksmuseum). The other places are: Upernivik, Lat. 72°47’ N. (Capt. Ryder); Proven, Lat. 72°23’ N., 6—10 fath. (“Fylla” 1886, Th. Holm); Disco Bay (Traustedt); Ritenbenk, Lat. 69°44’ N., 20—45 fath. (Sofia Exped., Sv. Riks- museum), and from the same colony. 2 old specimens determined by Steenstrup & Liitken; Godhavn, Lat. 69°14’ N. (specimens in Sv. Riksmuseum secured by Amondsen, and in the Copenhagen Museum gathered by Traustedt) ; Claushavn, Lat. 69°05’ N., 15—20 fath. and 20 fath. (Oberg, Sv. Riksmuseum) ; Egedesminde, Lat. 68°42’ N., 5—10 fath. and 30—40 fath. (Oberg, Sv. Riksmuseum), and at the same locality specimens have been gathered by Traustedt and especially by Levinsen; Northern Strémfjord, ab. Lat. 67°40’ N. 4I—2I m., temp. + 0.5°— + 0.5°, and 200—240 m. (Dr. V. Nordmann leg., K. Stephensen 1913) ; Holstens- borg, Lat. 66°56’ N., ro fath. (Prof. D. Bergendal) ; Ikertokfjord, Lat. 66°40’ N. (“Fylla’”’, Th. Holm) ; Sukker- toppen, Lat. 65°25’ N., 60—7o0 fath. and 200 fath. (respectively Oberg and Amondsen, Sv. Riksmuseum), besides in 5—20 fath. (“Fylla’, Th. Holm); Godthaab, Lat. 64°11’ N. (Amondsen, Sv. Riksmuseum); Lat. 63°47’ N., Long. 52°56’ W. (J. Lindahl, Sv. Riksmuseum); Julianehaab, Lat. 60°43’ N., 10o—25 fath. (Sofia Exped., Sv. Riksmuseum); Bredefjord, ab. Lat. 601/.°—61° N., at 3 stations (see Stephensen, 1916). —- At East Greenland the parasite has been secured at Tasiusak, Lat. 65°37’ N. (II. Amdrup Exped.); besides in Danmarks Havn, Lat. 76°45’ N., 5—8 fath., and at Hvalrosodde, Lat. 76°55’ N., o—5 fath. (Danmark Exped., K. Stephensen 1912). ——- Levinsen mentions it from Eunoé Oerstedi Mgrn. ; locality unknown. At Iceland H. arcticus is less common. It has been gathered at North-West Iceland in Dyrefjord (Mag. sc. W. Lundbeck), and at East Iceland in Berufjord (Torell, Sv. Riksmuseum). — Finally secured south-west of the Feroes at Lat. 61°15’ N., 9°35’ W., ab. 460 fath., on Harmothoé mollis Sars (the “Thor’’, Dr. Joh. Schmidt). Distribution. — A gigantic specimen of Harmothoé nodosa Sars with 2 parasites on the head from Lat. 72°8’ N., Long. 74°20’ W., 1o—23 fath. (E. Nilsson, Sv. Riksmuseum); Gulf of St. Lawrence, on Nychia Amondseni (according to Mc’Intosh, 1874); Kara Sea, 49—51 fath., on Havmothoé imbricata L.. (H. J. Hansen, 1886); Gulf of Georgia, Puget Sound, on Harmothoé (Kathleen Haddon, 1912). Finally Gravier (1912) states that H. arcticus is found on three species of Polynoids from the Antarctic, but as I do not believe in bipolarity of any species I suppose that Gravier’s specimens must belong to an allied species. The Ingolf-Expedition. TIT. 7. a 82 CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. Saccopsis Levy. Only a single species is known. 99. Saccopsis Terebellidis Lev. 1877. Saccopsis Terebellidis Levinsen, Vid. Medd. Naturh. Forening i Kjebenhavn, 1877, p. 374, Tab. VI, Fig. 2I—22. Besides a specimen has been figured (Tab. XV, fig. 40 4) in Steenstrup & Liitken’s work and referred by them with doubt to Herpyllobius arcticus. Levinsen established this form on 2 specimens, one of which is preserved; it is impossible to see more on the type than that described by him in 1877. A specimen from Tasiusak is larger, with the anterior part of the body more slender and produced; the frontal bulla shows a distinct central hole. In contradistinc- tion to Herpyllobius Levinsen could not discover any part of the parasite hidden within the host and projecting from the margin of the bulla; I have inspected the above-named specimen from Tasiusak, removing a portion of the bulla from the tissue of the parapodium, but could not discover any internal part of the parasite; besides the inspection in a similar way of one of the specimens collected by Bergendal gave the same negative result. It is, however, scarcely possible to decide the question with absolute certainty before a good material well preserved for cutting sections has been procured. — No male could be discovered on any females. Occurrence. — Not taken by the “Ingolf”’. It has been taken at the following 3 places in northern West Greenland and always on Terebellides Stroemi: Umanak Lat. 70°40’ N., I specimen referred with doubt by Stp. & Ltk. to Herpyllobius (Moberg leg.); Fortune Bay, Lat. 69°15’ N. on Disko, 20 fath., I specimen (Oberg, Sv. Riksmuseum); Jakobshavn, Lat. 69°13’ N., 4 specimens (Bergendal leg., Levinsen det.); Egedesminde, Lat. 68°42’ N., 2 specimens, (de- scribed by Levinsen). —- Furthermore taken at Tasiusak, East Greenland at Lat. 65°37’ N., 6—10 fath., on a setiferous parapodium far in front on a specimen of Terebellides Strvoenui (Il. Amdrup Exped.). K. Stephensen (in “Meddelelser om Gronland. LIIT’’, 1916, p. 305) mentions 3 specimens on Leuca- viste arcticus M. Sars from Bredefjord, southern West Greenland; he refers them with a query to Saccopsis Terebellidis, and it is far from improbable that they belong to another species. Genera of unknown position. Crypsidomus Lev. This genus, established on a single species, is completely endoparasitic, as only the ovisacs are found outside the body of the host. Possibly it is somewhat related to Xenccoeloma Brumpti Caullery & Mesnil, an extremely curious hermaphroditic Copepod, which has been the subject of an elaborate and admirable study by the two French Zoologists (Bull. Biol. de la France et de la Belgique, T. LIII, 1919, p. 161—233, Pls. I—IV et 20 fig. dans le texte)«. 1 A digression may perhaps be inserted here. In reading the French papet the idea strikes me that it would be extremely desirable if some able Zoologist, who possesses much experience in modern technicalities, could spent some months at Egedesminde in order to collect and partly to study on the spot a rich material af Crypsidomus, Herpyllobius and Saccopsis — it would be difficult to point out any other group of marine animals promising so remarkable results as I venture to predict the anatomy and development of these Copepods can yield. CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. 83 roo. Crypsidomus Terebellze Lev. 1877. Crypsidomus Terebelle Levinsen, Vid. Medd. Naturh. Forening i Kjebenhavn, 1877, p. 25, Tab. VI, Fig. I9g—20. Occurrence. — Not taken by the “Ingolf’’. It is evidently not rare at West Greenland. It has been found on Thelepus civcinnatus at Upernivik, Lat. 72°47’ N., I specimen (Olrik); on Nicolea arctica at Proven, Lat. 72°23’ N. (Torell, Sv. Riksmuseum) ; at Ritenbenk, 40—50 fath. (Oberg, Sv. Riksmuseum); on Terebella cirratu at Egedesminde, many specimens (Levinsen), and I specimen from about 30 fathoms at the same locality (Bergendal); at Holstensborg on Thelepus circinnatus, I specimen (Bergendal), at Sukkertoppen on Thelepus civcinnatus, I specimen (Holbell) ; finally on Nicolea zostericola in Bredefjord, at Tat. 603/,° N. 40—70 m. (Stephensen leg. & det. 1916). Distribution. — Eastport, Maine, I specimen presented by Packard (Copenhagen Mus). Kara Sea, 53 fath.; I specimen on Avtacama proboscidea (H. J. Hansen, 1886). Psilomallus Kr. This enigmatic genus was established on a single specimen. tor. Psilomallus Hippolytes Kr. 1863. Psilomallus Hippolytes Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskr. 3. Rekke, B. II, p. 410, Tab. XVII, fig. Io. Kroyer found a single specimen on the inner surface of the carapace of S#ivontocaris groenlandica J.C. Fabr. (Hippolyte aculeata O.Fabr., Kroyer) from West Greenland; the specimen seems to be lost. Judging from Kroyer’s figure and description I am completely unable to entertain any opinion on the relationship of the animal ; I am apt to guess that it represents a stage in the development of some perhaps unknown parasitic Copepod. Additional Remarks. In second line on p. 4 it is said o1 the Harpacticoida: “No form of this gigantic division is known to be parasitic’. As to the Harpacticoida from the “Ingolf’’ that statement is true, but as to forms outside our area it can not be maintained. In 1879 Chr. Auri- villius established Balenophilus unisetis Aur., found by him in great quantities on the baleen of Balenopiera Sibbaldii at Vads6, Kast Finmark; this Copepod, which according to Aurivillius and Sars certainly is a commensal, may perhaps also live within the “Ingolf’’ atea. — Furthermore G. P. Farran described (in 1914) a Harpacticid Copepod, Cholidva polypi, living in considerable number as a para- site on the inside of the arm-niembranes of a deep-water octopus, Polypus ergasticus, captured off the S. W. coast of Ireland. It may perhaps be possible to discover some allied parasite on Cephalopoda in the “Ingolf”’ area. 11* 84 2) I<, CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. EXPEANATION ‘OF HE PLAGE Ss: Plate I. Fig. 1. Cyclopina Phallusia n. sp. Female trom Vestmanhavn, from above; x 21. Left antennula of the female from Lat. 61°49’ N., from below; x 56. Left antenna of the last-named specimen, from below; x 56. Left mandible of the same specimen, from below; x 82. Left maxillula of the same specimen, from below; x 82. Left maxilla of the same specimen, from below; x 82. Left maxilliped of the same specimen, from behind; x 82. Left fourth thoracic leg of the same specimen, from in front; x 56. Left fifth thoracic leg of the same specimen, from in front; x 56. Fig. 2. Ascomyzon intermedium nt. sp. Female, from above; x 39. Last thoracic segment and abdomen of the female, from below; x 95. Distal part (fifteenth to twentieth joint) of right antennula; x 178. Sete omitted. . Left antennula of the female, from below; x 93. Left maxillula, from the outer side; x 93. Left maxilla; x 93. Left maxilliped, from in front; x 93. Fig. 3. Ascomyzon tenerum n. sp. Female, from above; xX 43. Abdomen of a female, from below; x 105. Head of a female, from the left side; x 80. a'. antennula, sete omitted; a2. antenna; md. mandi- bular palp; mx1. maxillula; mx. maxilla. Left antennula of a female, from below; x 8o. Left fifth thoracic leg ot a female, from below; x 175. Left antennula of a male, from below; x 93. Antenna of a male; x 93. Maxilla of a male; x 93. Maxilliped of a male; x 93. Last thoracic segment and abdomen of a male, from below; x 93. Fig. eal & it 10); CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. 8 On Fig. 4. Ascomyzon abyssi n. sp. Right antennula of the male, from below; x 94. The two distal joints lost and sete omitted. od. Sipho and some appendages of the same male, from below; x 93. The lettering as in fig. 3 c. Left maxilliped of the same male, from in front; x 93. Last thoracic segment and abdomen of the same specimen, from above; xX 93. Fig. 5. Scottocheres gracilis u. sp. . Left antennula of a female, from below; x 138. Setz omitted. . Maxilla of the same; x 138. Maxilliped of the same; x 138. Posterior thoracic segments and abdomen of the same, from above; x 8o. c. lateral tooth of the genital segment, more highly magnified. Fig. 5. Acontiophorus ornatus Brady & Rob. Antennula ot a female; x 85. Fig. 7. Acontiophorus antennatus n. sp. Posterior thoracic segments and abdomen of a female, from above; x 84. Left antennula of the same, from below; x 137. Maxilla of the same; x 137. Left maxilliped of the same, from in front; x 137. Fig. 8. Metapontius latispinis n. gen., n. sp. Female, a little pressed, from above; x 35. Posterior part of thorax and the abdomen of the female, from below; x 94. Anterior outline of the head of the female, with sipho and left antennula and antenna, irom below; x 124. . Right maxilla of the female, from below; x 92. Left maxilliped of the female, from below; x 92. Right first thoracic leg of the female, from behind; x 100. Left fourth thoracic leg of the female, from in front; x Ioo. Male, from above; xX 47. Left antennula of the male, from below; x 177. Plate II. Fig. 1. Arctopontius expansus G. O. 5S. Female, from above; x 20. On the right half of the thoracic segments the ovisac is indicated in the main by a dotted line. Maxilla of the female; x 50. 86 CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. Fig. tc. Maxilliped of the female; x 50. — id. Left fourth thoracic leg of the female, from in front; x 65. Fig. 2. Bradypontius groenlandicus n. sp. Fig. 2a. The three anterior free thoracic segments of a female, from above; xX 25. — 2b. Last thoracic segment with fifth pair of legs and abdomen of a female, from below; x 36 —- 2c. Left antennula of a female, from below; x 84. — 2d. Right antenna of a female, from below; x go. -- 2e. JTeft maxillula of a female, from below; x 90. — 2f. Maxilla of a female; x 44. — 2g. Distal part of the same maxilla; x 167. — 2h. Right maxilliped of a female, from in front; x 44. — 21. Left fourth thoracic leg of a female, from in front; x 84. — 2k. Male, from above; x 20. — 21. Left antennula of a male, from below; x 84. — 2m. Left fourth thoracic leg of a male, from in front; x 84. Fig. 3. Bradypontius dentatus n. sp. Fig. 3a. Female, from above; x 20. — 3b. Left antennula of the female, from below; xX 100. — 3c. Maxilla of the female; x 49. —— 3d. Distal part of the same maxilla; x 200. — 3e. Left maxilliped of the same female, from in front; x 49. Fig. 4. Bradypontius unidens n. sp. Fig. 4a. Male, from above; x 25. — 4b. Last thoracic segment, with its rudimentary legs, and abdomen of the same male, from below; * 57. — 4c. Major proximal part of right antennula of the same male, from below; x 134. — 4d. Maxilla of the same male; x 85. — 4e. Distal part of the same maxilla; x 300. End of the claw lost. — 4f. Right maxilliped of the same male, from in front; x 85. — 4g. Left fourth thoracic leg of the same male, from in front; x 86. Fig. 5. Bvradypontius tenuipes n. sp. Fig. 5a. Abdomen and outline of the free thoracic segments of the female, from below; x 39. — 5b. Proximal portion of the sipho of the female, from below; x 88. — 5c. Maxilla of the female; x 89. CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. Fig. 87 Distal part of the same maxilla; x 206. Left maxilliped, from behind; x 89. Last thoracic segment with legs of the female, from below; x 128. Fig. 6. Parartotrogus arcticus G. O.S. . The two posterior thoracic segments with their appendages of a female, from below; x 105. . Terminal part of abdomen with the caudal rami of the same female; x 155. Right antenna of the female, from below; x I05. Maxilla of the female; x 105. Fig. 7. Pseudomolgus groenlandicus n. sp. Female (from Godthaab), from above; x 24. Posterior part of thorax and abdomen of a female (from Egedesminde), from below; x 37. Right antennula of the last-named female, from below; x 84. Right antenna of the same female, from below; x 130. Right maxillula of the same female; x 333. Left first thoracic leg of the same female, from in front; x 106. Right fifth leg of the female, from below; x 135. Fig. 8. Blakeanus groenlandicus n. sp. Antenna of the female; x 8o. Left maxillula of the same, from behind; x 8o. Left maxilla of the same, from behind; x 80. Left maxilliped of the same, from behind; x 50. Plate III. Fig. 1. Blakeanus groenlandicus n. sp. (continued). Female, from the left side; x 17/2. Left antennula of a female, from above; x 80. Left mandible of the same specimen, from behind; x 8o. Distal part of the- mandible shown in fig. 1c, from behind; x 210. Left first thoracic leg of the same female, from behind; x 50. Left fourth thoracic leg of the same specimen, from behind; x 50. Exopod of the leg shown in fig. rf, from in front; x 50. Terminal part of abdomen of the same specimen, from the right side; x 50. Fig. 2. Botryllophilus inequipes n. sp. Left antennula of a female from Stat. 32, from above; x 136. Antenna of the same; x 136. Right mandible of the same female, from behind; x 136. 88 CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. lI. Fig. 2d. First left thoracic leg of the same female, from in front; x 136. -— 2e. Right fourth thoracic leg of the same specimen, from in front; x 125. — 2f. Left fourth thoracic leg of the same specimen; from in front; x 125. Fig. 3. Enterocola setiferva n. sp. Fig. 3a. Left antennula of the female, from above; x 120. — 3b. Antenna of the same; xX 120. — 3c. Distal part of the left maxilla, from behind; x 120. — 3d. Right maxilliped, from below, in situ; x 78. — 3e. Left maxilliped, from behind; x 78. — 3f. The rami of left first leg, from in front; x 85. — 3g. Fourth pair of thoracic legs, from in front; x 44. — 3h. Left fifth thoracic leg, from in front; x 74. — 3i. Posterior part of the body of the same female, from above; x 52. Fig. 4. Lepeophtheirus Hippoglossi Kr. Fig. 4a. Posterior part of the body of an immature female (from Lat. 62°30’ N., Long. 5°10’ W.), 8 mm. long, caudal rami included, from below; x tro. — 4b. Posterior part of the body of a still younger female, 5 mm. long, from the same locality, from below; scarcely x I5. Fig. 5. Dinematura ferox Kr. Fig. 5a. Male, taken by the “Thor” (see text). from above; scarcely x 7/2. — 5b. Antenna of the same specimen, from above; xX 14. — 5c. Distal joints of the same antenna, from behind; x 15. — 5d. Left maxillula of the same male, from below; x 46. — 5e. Left maxilla of the same male, from below; x 14. — 5f. Subdistal part of the same maxilla more highly magnified in order to show the armature of the lateral process and of the proximal portion of the terminal soft part. — 5g. Left maxilliped of the same male, from behind; x 13. Fig. 6. Chondracanthus vadiatus O. F. Mull. Fig. 6a. Antennula of the male; x 02. —— 6b. Left maxilla of the male; x 92. — 6c. Left maxilliped of the male; x g2. — 6d. First and second thoracic legs, from the side; x 75. — 6e. Posterior part of the body of a male, from below; x Q2. Fig. Fig. CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. 89 » dO) Bh IO b. 2 ¢. 2d. DD ii Fig. 7. Diocus gobinus O. F. Miill. Right antennula and antenna of a male, from the right side; x 185. Posterior part of the body of a male, from the right side and with the ventral side upwards; x 142. Larva of a male, from below; x 92. The rami of left first leg and the whole right second leg omitted. Fig. 8. Diocus frigidus n. sp. Female, from below; x 4. . The same female from above; x 4. Ovisacs omitted. Male, from the left side; x 52. mx. maxillula. Left antennula and antenna of the same male, from the left side: x rat. Lett maxilla and maxilliped (mp) of the same male, from the left side; x 121. Fig. 9. Salmincola alpina Olsson. Right antennula and antenna of a female from Julianehaab, from the outer side; « 130. a‘. anten- nula; e. outer protuberance; 7. lower protuberance; g. upper protuberance; h. terminal joint. Maxillula of the same female; x 130. Left maxilliped of the same female, from behind; x 130. Right mandible of a female from Myvatn. from behind; x 130. Maxillula of the last-named female; x 180. Fig. 10. Leyvneopoda Centyoscyllii n. sp. Left antenna of a female, from the inner side; x 66. Left maxilliped of the same female. from behind; x 45. Plate IV. Fig. 1. Lerneopoda Centroscyllu n. sp. Female, from above; x 3. Fig. 2. Lerneopoda longicaudata un. sp. Female, from the right side, with the male (m) attached at the base of the posterior processes; x 1/;, Distal end of maxille with bulla lost. The specimen was gathered by Cand. mag. Ad. Jensen. Anterior part of the body with the maxille of the specimen secured by Dr. Joh. Schmidt, from above; x 6. ‘Head with the proximal part of the maxillz of the female taken by the “Thor’’, from below; x 13. Anterior part of the head oi the same specimen, from above; xX 21. a‘. antennula; a2. antenna; p. proboscis. Posterior part of the body with the proximal portion of the posterior processes of the same spec- imen; from above; xX 23. Left antenna of the same specimen, obliquely from the outer side and from below; x 46. The Ingolf-Expedition. III. 7. I2 CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. Fig. Proboscis with maxillule of the same specimen, obliquely from below and from the left side; AS: . Left maxilliped of the same specimen, from below; x 31. Median part of the inner margin of the first joint of the same maxilliped, from below; x 127. Male found on the female secured by Cand. mag. Ad. Jensen, from the left side; x 23. Left antenna of the male, from the outer side; x 82. . Left maxillula of the male, from the outer side; x I1I5. Left maxilla of the male, from behind; x 50. Right maxilliped of the male, from behind; x 50. Fig. 3. Levneopodopsis producta n. gen., n. sp. Female, from above; x 4. Cephalothorax with the proximal part of the maxille of the same female, from below; x II. mp. maxilliped. Anterior part of the head, from above; x 86. a?. antenna. Anterior part of the head, from below; x 138. a. antennula; a2. antenna; m*x?. maxillula. Left maxilliped, from below; x 50. Fig. 4. Clavella uncinata O. F. Mill. Distal joint of left antenna of a female taken on the gills of Gadus callarias at West Greenland, from above; xX 145. | Left maxillula of the same female, from the outer side; x 175. Left maxilliped of the same female, from below; x 83. Left antenna of a female taken on a paired fin of Gadus ogac at Holstensborg, from below; x 138. Terminal area of the antenna shown in fig. 4d, from below; x 280. Female from the gills of Macrurus Fabricii; x 9. Anterior part of the head of the same female, showing the front margin and the antenne, from below; x 59. . Second joint of left antenna of the same specimen, from below; x 176. The joint shown in fig. 4h, from above; x 176. Proboscis and left maxillula of a male taken on the gills of Gadus saida from Danmarks Havn, from the left side; x 177. Maxille of the last-named male; x 145. Fig. 5. Clavella Stichei Kr. Head of a female from Sticheus punctatus and determined by Kroyer, from below; x 136. b. Male on a female taken on Lumpenus maculatus in Onundarfjord (North-West Iceland), from the left side; x 169. CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. OI Fig. Fig. (0) 41. 6b. 6c. 6 d. 6e. 6 f. BEG. a. 7b. Ue. 71 CGNs G} ake it 3, it |o)- it © i Gl. JES Tf it, IQ. Tah , Ba, 2 bs ZiG; 2d. BES NCD 2b. Bie: 3d. Fig. 6. Clavella Macruri nu. sp. Female taken on Macrurus Fabrictt by the “Ingolf’”’ at Stat. 35, from the left side; x 17/4. Antennula of a female from the “Ingolf’’ Stat. 27; x 94. Antenna of the last-named female; x 94. Left maxilliped of the last-named female, from below; x 91. Male from the “Ingolf”’ Stat. 35, from the left side; x 8o. Antennula, antenna and proboscis with maxillula of the same male, from the left side; x 155. Fig. 7. Clavella gracilis n. sp. Female taken on Polyacanthonotus rvostvatus Collett by the “Ingolf”’ at Stat. 35; x 15. Antennula of a female; x 210. Antenna of the same female; x 210. Right maxillula of the same female, from the outer side; x 324. Left maxilliped of the same female, from below; x Igo. Male, from the left side; x 167. Plate V. Fig. 1. Homoeoscelis frigida n. sp. Female from the “Ingolf’’ Stat. 117, from below; x 36. Ovisac from the same station; x 306. Anterior part of a female from the “Ingolf’’ Stat. 113, from below; x 165. Genital area and caudal rami of the same female, from below; x 165. Antenna of a larva from Stat. 113, from below; xX 345. Maxilla of the same larva, from behind; x 345. Maxilliped of a larva from Stat. 117, from in front; xX 345. Right first leg of a larva from Stat. 117, from the outer side; x 345. Fig. 2. Spheronella Melphidippe n. sp. Male, from below; x 210. Same male, from the left side; x 210. Right maxilla of the same male, from the inner side; X 315. Left first leg of the same male, from below and in front; x 315. Fig. 3. Spheronella Aging n. sp. Female, from below; x Io. Male, from below; x Io. Ovisac; xX Io. Head of another female, from below; xX 129. 12* CRUSTACEA COPEPODA. II. Genital area, caudal rami, an entire spermatophore and the stalk of another, of the last-named female; x 129. Male, from below; x 87. Same male, from the left side; x 87. Fig. 4. Spheronella votundata n. sp. Female, from below; x 32. . Male, from below; x 32. Head of a female, from below; x 150. Left antennula of the last-named female, from below; x 320. Genital area and caudal rami of the same female; x 200. Male, from below; x 150. Fig. 5. Spheronella Munne na. sp. Female, from below; x 34. . Anterior part of the body of the same female, from below; x 120. Genital area with caudal rami of the same female; x 209. Male, from below; x 120. Fig. 6. Spheronella Nannonisci n. sp. Female, nearly empty, from below; x 48. Anterior part of the same female, from below; x 180. Fig. 7. Spheronella Pleurogonii n. sp. Female (from Brejddalsvik), from below; x 28. Male (from Faskrudfjord), from below; x 28. Ovisac (from Brejddalsvik); x 28. Head of an empty female (from Brejddalsvik), from below; x 174. Genital area with caudal rami of the last-named female; x 225. Male (from Faskrudfjord), from below; x 213. Larva (from Brejddalsvik), from below; x 147. The rami of both pairs of natatory legs omitted. h. Pupa (from Faskrudfjord), from below; x 187. The Ingolf Expedition If.7 MJ Hanser-: Copepoda I. PLI. LZ. Cyclopina Phallusie ns. 2Aseomyzon Antepmeduinsp. 3.A.tenerumnsp 4A.abysst rsp. 3. Seottocheres gracilisnsp. 6. Acontiophoriis or7atits Brady Rob. 7. Acont, artennatus rw. sp. Fiidiopspe CBE 6. Metapontius Aalispinis ngen.n.sp. sy ee The Ingolf Expedition.I1.7 Hd. Hanser. Copepoda I. Pt. 1. Arctoponiius expansus6os. 2.Bradypontius groemandicusns. 3.B,dentatusnsp. 4.B.unidens rsp. 5. B. terulipes n.sp. 6. Parartotrogus arcticus 6.0.s 7. Pseudomolgus groemlandicus ns. Hiihibsecon FP, 6. Blakeanus groerdardicus rsp. TSE. Os The Ingolf Expedition IT. 7, If.JS. Flansern. Copepoda I, Pl. I. 1. Blakeanus groedandicaisnsp. 2. Botryllophilus inegupesns. 3.Enterocola setiferd msp. 4. Lepeophtheirus Hippoglosst wr. 3. Dinematura ferox kr. 6. Chondracanthiis radiakis miu. 7, Dioeus gobinus miu 6. D. frigidusnsp. 9. Salminecola alpina ois. ii JHansen del, 10. Lerneopoda Centrosceyllit w.sp. Britze se. The Ingolf Expedition. 1.7 IT. J. Hansen. Copepoda I. PLIV. Tqvae WALL LALEATAD BY PpDe INIT pS A I! B i ES g 1. Lerneopoda Centroscyllit n.sp. 2.L tongicaudata nsp. 3. Lermnewopodopsis prodiucta ngen.nsp. 4, Clavella wremnata mn §.C.Stichaet xr. 6. C.Macrurt n.sp. HJHansen- del. 7. C. GPACLLS wv. sp. Britze se. “yt Hd. Hanser. Copepoda IT. PLV. / OTN Sift ANY AN 1 “My, i DWN Ty Re NG 11 in «(4 Uy j Dy ih | ; IN \\\ WWIII yy ALAA) ' ALAN | Why AWA L Homoeoscelis frigidansp. 2. Sphoeronella [Melphidippe nsp. 3. S. Aigine nsp. +. S. rotundata n.sp. 5.5. Munna nsp. 6. S. Nannonisct n.sp. i YOUMUIOADY “JA 008 oS ee ae ae ( COP} AU} FD LAYIM ULLVM PUD P]OP UFPMIIG PLULT ) PUDSPURGT PULLDA bo PPIOY UP)]TAUL PLUIZISUDILE) (P10QD OOOZ\ aro O00T ool O0ZL — 009 009 — OOF 00g - OOL (SUMLOYTD, YsStlnp ) MAD T aysuyp 0OT — O brepr Y)9shp uh ° oot ‘968T ¥ S681 usworytpodxy JTOSuy Se i aay’ S PM aes KP aos a i ena Mise EIN GO Foe PE DTT TON 1895—1896. THE LOCALITIES, DEPTHS, AND BOTTOMTEMPERATURES OF THE STATIONS | Depth _ Depth | ] ai | Lat. N. ‘Tong.W. Ae ewe | cea Lat. N. prose we baa be | re Lat. N eoneW | Sipe | a fathoms | fathoms | fathoms | I G2? 30% |) 8? an’ m3 Pe 24 63° 06’ | 56° 00” 1199 2°4 | 45 Gi ga || 6 Agi 643 | LONG 2 6g? On’ || CP a7 | 262 5°3 25 OEP sor || Gye aay 582 33 | 46 Gu? Se |) wen? x5" 720 | 2°40 Bi fO3n35/ | 10524, | 272, || 085 O35 1517 553037 | 130), | | a7 | 62° 32! | 23° 40! [LED Ss 4 Gi? OF || no TAY 237 P25 26 | Og)? Bah || SEO Ait | 34 0°6 | 48 | Gu? sya? |) Go sen’ II50 | By 5 64° 40’ | 12° 00’ 155 | 64° 37’ | 54° 24’ | 109 | 49 | 221075521074 1120 | 2°91 6 63° 43’ | 14° 34’ go Fo || 27 64° 54° | 55° 10’ 393 3°8 | 50 62° 43’ | 15°07’ | 1020 | 3°13 7 6g? 1A’ | RG Zin’ 600 4°5 | 28 65° 14’ | 55° 42” 420 3°5 | | GA? my’ |) nal? aA 68 7°32 8 Os? HO | BAP Ciey 136 6°o 29 OR? BY || Gy she 68 SA || Be || Os? 57) us? 327 420 7°87 9 64° 18’ | 27° 00’ | 295 5°8 30 66° 50’ | 54° 28 22 1°05 53 | 3m L5m rd —O7n 795 3°08 Io O4 e242 oe 500 788 3°5 31 66° 35° | 55° 54° 88 1°6 54 | 63° 08’ | 15° 40’ 691 3°9 II CARS AGA no ier 1300 1°6 32 66° 35’ | 56° 38 318 | 3°9 55 G3 sey || GY @z” 316 | 5°9 12 64° 38’ | 32°37’ | 040 0°3 33 OP? Bi || BI | || OS 56 64° 00" | 15° 09’ Sy 13 64° 47’ | 34° 33° 622 ste) il GY 65° 17’ | GAP MP || 5S | By, OB Si |p ESO | 350 | 3°4 14 64° 45’ | 35° 05’ THOME 94a) | 35 65° 16’ 55° 05° 362 | 3°6 58 OM As || we Oey || ann 0°8 15 66° 18’ | 25° 50’ 330 | —0°75 | 36 61° 50’ | 56° 21’ | 1435 | 1°5 59 | OR? Gey | mu ne | aig Jeon 16 O53 4341) 267580 1) 250 6°r 37 60° 17’ | 54° 05’ 1715 | r°4 60 | OS Oey | 12? 27H 124 0°9 17 62° 49° | 260° 55” 745 Sey aie) Some t27 | 5151057 || 1870 | 203 61 | C5 O34) TS mOO fun 55 0°4 18 | 61° 44’ | 30° 29° 1135 3°0 39 C2? Oy || BA SEV 865 | 2°9 | 62 Ga? wi’ || ne)? 1 72 | 7°92 19 | 60° 20’ | 34° 14 | 1566 | 2°4 | 40 62° oo’ | 21° 36’ | 845 3°3 63 | 62° 40’ | 19° 057 800 | 4°0 20 | 58° 20° | 40° 48’ 1695 | 15 4I GRO Zh || GP aeY |) aang 2°o | 64 | 62° 06’ | 19° 00% IO4I Bar 21 | 58> OF | 44° 457 | 1330 | 2°4 | 42 | Guo An’? || me? ns || ~~ G25 | 0°4 OH 61° 337 | 19° 00’ 1089 3°0 22 | 58° ro’ | 48° 25’ | 1845 | 1°4 | 43 Cie? AGH |! sol? sear | 645 | 0°05 66 | Gi? SEY || Boy? zig 1128 393 Bape Go2436 ||562 co’ Prakanee WD aery424 |) o236.) 1545 48 || 67 | 61°30’ | 22°30’ | 975 | 3°0 | | Depth | Depth | | Depth Station | aN Peo we. fe |Bottom- Station | tai Kegan ee 2 |Bottom- | Station ieee hoses aa ue Bottom- INE | | 2 Danish | temp. | Nr. | 8 | Danish | iwsseafo ||| Nba, | % Danish | temp. | | fathoms | fathoms | | fathoms oA i 685) 622"o6" 1/222 "307 843 3°4 CO 92 GA AVE || Sy? G/ 976 | I°4 | 118 68° 27 | 87 207 || 1060) |= —1<6 69 62° 40’ | Diawaio7 589 3°90 93 64m 24S 5e rae 767 1°46 II9 67° 53’ | 10° 19’ IoIo | —r°o 70 | 63° og | 22° 057 134 7°0 94 (YO GS" || GYD? oy || 4°r 120 FP Dey |) wi an 885 | —t1°o 71 | 63° 46’ | ZZ OBE 46 | | 65° 31’ | 30° 45 | 213 | 121 GS? 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