hall it iti aavaet Ah hit ie ese ah, tp a ae fen a Pesala ' Mie) Tritye i ia OM Meaty ani Ai) Hits a Hi i Mawel: Wists Nai at Hariharan state tenbtaraty ttl alta ed Vf atari Ns ti; i iit sisi NATALIA ately { hah srcteaatneet ie Oe ate a ert Hitt nh iit f An *} MPN sata aah heat iy aly i iy ih ebay 4 ‘tan if Aus) JO Ne Utila y AYE MW ait Viasat te it ONES eieiaralesatel see Helge eet cies ty dabei it i tha noe i i i ey alee abe ay 4} oe Gy on h iy i NH it te a aah hy Ney ees iry HAAN A Aa etiy Aaa tatatatal Hy , a's i ‘ Haley FAP EN TEL ACM NLS + i) rials Valine ne i va HEME bie ast RANA hah bate thpheamiabiatae fis aty Cree yl itty cs shane eel), Nae echt ve ary 4 ite Havel ete COCA 1 nY i shin ite i WAN. iit i Hh i i He Vey OAM Bk Ce) bi CULGCH NH Sant | ith je V4 on ai iyi bp) cy sts a ith fel ein! Hie iS Maia an fe ie i eee MM if tah) yn tok ote ih, oe pan punsat Ba tttred we ae ced alka de ee th Pdishaldog eden, rinkopip alt it sled sigseputicassene palais Bereta et aa derby) en ayes Ny os See ie a ae Oe iets ey aa Dorie sratiarn i ‘ rorevy ti bactonats San leet at Heats Pah abty 2 i ae sree i a Se a iaccbekew kr bye arn wala baie) Hae a a 4 ae ne ny Stel " alate My at si Data eth Pai ( r RATAN + as ' a CN ae Meta OuvE i} ie Ot) au ¢ ahi Nain teva! yf site ae alate us iat Pesienyy mente invest Sista . reat 0.9) tie ee Bk ena ity iY ae fen ne NODE ; A PAA) ne) AO 0 VA CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY THIS BOOK IS THE GIFT OF Joun P. Youne “Ta Cornell University Library The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924000639850 KONGL. SVENSKA VETENSKAPS-AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. Bandet 26. N:o 2. SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS BY Pp. T. CLEVE. PART I. WITH 5 PLATES. PRESENTED TO THE R. SWEDISH ACADEMY OF SCIENCES MAY 10, 1893. STOCKHOLM 1894. KUNGL. BOKTRYCKERIET. P. A. NORSTEDT & SONER. ae aN 4 a INTRODUCTION. In scarcely any department of natural history is the synonymy so intricate as in that of the Diatomacee. An enormous number of names has been given to forms, frequently very incom- pletely described, or not at all, and often inaccurately figured. Moreover the literature is scattered throughout papers and periodicals, in many different languages, some of which are of very diffi- cult access. These circumstances, together with the necessity of using the most excellent and powerful lenses, make the study of the diatoms a difficult one. But that study is of considerable importance. These small organisms form a peculiar class of highly developed unicellular alge, the structural investigation of which may bring to light facts of much interest. Their silicious shells are very persistent and occur in a fossil state in strata of clays, marls, limestone etc., belonging to different geological epochs, especially the tertiary and post-tertiary, and may become of great value in geological researches, as certain indications of the nature of the water in which the sedi- ments were deposited. When carefully studied the fossil diatoms will surely hecome as important as the fossil shells. Such considerations induced me six years ago to subject the Diatomacez to a critical examination, with the principal objects of getting rid of the heavy burden of names of slight or obscure import, of limiting as concisely as possible the genera or groups, species and varieties, and of classing them according to their natural relations. Every one who knows the amount of lite- rature in the diatomology must be aware that such an enterprise would occupy an ordinary life time, or at any rate a large part of it. It was therefore necessary to limit the work to some di- vision of the diatoms. The large and beautiful discoid forms have attracted many workers, and have been described in numerous monographs; but less interest has been bestowed on the Raphidiez, which are of more importance in the geological researches of my country. I have, then, preferred to limit my present work to the Raphidiez which are characterised by the presence of a median line, a feature of their valves which must be of great importance, to judge from its constant occurrence in this tribe. For the complete knowledge of these diatoms it would have been desirable to study them in the living state, and complete the splendid work in this direction begun by Prirzzr; but I had very little time for such researches, the examination of many thousand slides, and drawings of almost all the forms having occupied me principally, and prevented me from a more extensive study of the living forms. My principal object was to construct a solid basis for farther researches in different directions, and in my opinion the first thing to be done was to systematize the nomenclature so as to make it possible to recognize the forms registered in the science. In the following synopsis I have endeavoured to give as exact diagnoses as possible of all forms, belonging to the tribe Ra- phidiee, not omitting any one described or figured heretofore in a manner to be recognized. I there- fore propose that all names,:not mentioned here, may be dropped in oblivion. To give a list of all those names of doubtful or obscure signification would be a very fruitless work, but if any of my readers desires to search for such, he will find them set forth in the catalogues of Haprrsuaw and of CHasE or in the large work recently published by De Toni (Sylloge algarum Vol. II. Ba- cillariewe Sect. I Raphidiez) in which he has given diagnoses of or at least mentioned all the pu- blished forms. In the last named work also a very valuable list is supplied of publications on the diatoms, prepared by Dzsy, which relieves me from the necessity of giving such a list here. 4 yp. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. In carrying out this work I have been kindly assisted by several diatomists, who sent me for examination slides from their collections. Among them I name with recognition Prof. J. Brun, Mr Kinxer, Mr. Lz-Tournevr, Mr. J. D. Métuer, Mr. P. Perrr, Dr. Raz, Mr. Tuum, Mr. E. Wetssrtoe, Prof. Van Heurck and Mr. Warp. I am indebted to Mr. Jutren Desy, who sent from his gigantic collection everything of interest to me, and to Mr. E. Grove, who not only sent me a large num- ber of slides, but also took the trouble of revising the manuscript and the proofs. Materials from different parts of the world have been sent by Dr. Aurivititus (from Java), Mr. Beppoms (from Tasmania), Mr. Dustn (from Cameroon), Captain G. C. Eckman (marine mud from the Atlantic and Mediterranean), Prof. Laceruerm (from Ecuador) and Dr. Norsrepr (from Australia, New Zealand etc.). To Mr. Comsrr I am indebted for many fine photographs of several forms of interesting struc- ture. To all these gentlemen I give my best thanks. On the value of the characteristics. It may be stated as an axiom that those characteristics are of the greatest importance which occur in the greatest number of forms, and on the other hand that the characteristics which occur in some, but not in all, of a number of forms otherwise nearly related are of less importance. The older authors as a rule attached but little importance to the more constant characteristics, but on the contrary gave much attention to trifling differences, because the latter are frequently more conspicuous than the former. They founded not only species but genera and divisions on charac- teristics, which were actually subject to variation in species otherwise identical. I will in the following pages treat of all characteristics which have been used for the description of species and genera. Habit of life and growth. Most diatoms live in a free state, floating in the water, but many are attached to solid bodies in the water, some are stipitate on gelatinous stalks, and others enclosed in gelatinous tubes or masses of different shape and consistence. A careful examination shews that many of the attached or enclosed forms also occur in a free state; and that there are frequently very slight differences between species, which live attached or enclosed, and others which never occur in such a state. On the other hand forms, which are stipitate, or enclosed in tubes, belong to the most different types. For these reasons I regard as a characteristic of very little im- portance the mode of occurrence in free or attached state. At least, genera and species should not be founded on such characteristics alone. Genera, such as Schizonema, Endostauron, Endosigma, Encyonema, Cocconema, are in my opinion not acceptable. ! Size. The limits of the dimensions of the forms of each species are in most cases pretty definite, the larger forms of each species being as a rule twice as large as the smallest. Still, in some cases the variability is more extensive and the followings may be cited as species in which the dimensions of the forms are subject to very considerable variation: Amphora ovalis, Achnanthes brevipes, Pinnularia viridis. , Form of the frustule. Most frustules of the Raphidiez are straight, and nearly symmetrical, with the longitudinal and transverse axes, but a great number of forms are in some or other respects asymmetrical. A flexure of the frustule along the longitudinal, or the transverse axis, occur in the old genera Cocconeis and Achnanthes which have been distinguished hitherto principally by this characteristic. As to Cocconeis it seems probable that the flexure may be derived from the ' The gelatinous substance of the stipes of Achnantes longipes is intensely stained by hematoxyline, and no con- tinuation of the substance of the stipes is visible in the interior of the frustule. On the other hand the stipes is not stained by Congo-red, methyle-green, eosine, and metbyléne-blue. The gelatinous tubes of Navicula (Schizonema) mollis are stained by hematoxyline, fuchsine, methyle-green and saffranine, but not by eosine. The tubes of Amphipleura (Berkelya) Dillwynii are stained by hematoxyline and methyle-green, but not by Congo-red. The gelatinous envelopes of Mastologia are stained by methyle-green, fuchsine and saffranine, but not by eosine and Congo-red. KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. N:0 2. 5 form of the objects, to which these forms are attached by the lower valve, and in Achnanthes there are several forms, which owing to other important characteristics must be placed in this genus, although they are not at all genuflexed. Moreover genuflexed species occur in groups of allied forms the greater number of which are straight, for instance in the Navicule lineolate, Nav. mi- crostigmatice, Gyrosigma, Pleurosigma, and in some species the degree of flexure seems to be subject to variation (for instance in Gyrosigma arcticum). The geniculated flexure is thus no generic cha- racteristic, though in most cases of specific value. Zone. ‘The zone in the Raphidiew is in most cases simple, that is without longitudinal di- visions, but in many Amphore, in Amphiprora and in the group Libellus of the Navicule microstig- matice it is complex. This characteristic appears to be subject to very little variation and to be of importance in the limitation of genera. There are however in some cases small variations. The zone of Amphora commutata seems in some varieties to have, and in others not to have, faint divi- sions. Amphora robusta has usually no divisions, but in a variety from California there are longi- tudinal rows of alveoli on the zone. In the Nactude microstigmatice also, some allied forms have divisions and others are without them. Still we may consider the complexity of the zone as an important characteristic. Outline of the valves. The outline of the valves of the naviculoid diatoms is very variable, presenting every intermediate passage from narrow linear to almost orbicular. The valves are non-constricted, constricted, or biconstricted, and, occasionally, some forms have 3 or 4 constrictions. Sometimes the valve is sigmoid. The following schematic figures will illustrate the meaning of the terms used in my de- (JOQU8E BGG) | Outline of the valves. Fig. 1 —_ 2 ode 3 se ee i Rectangular, 5—8 Panduriform with deltvid, sub- elliptical, tongue-shaped and broadly rounded segments, 9 Elliptical, 10 Sigmoid, 11 Cymbiform, 12 Lunate, 13 Clavate. The ends of the valves also have a great variety of shapes, as JOVEN CVENET Ends of the valves. 1 Acuminate, 2 Apiculate, 3 Rostrate, 4 Capitate, 5 Truncate (subrostrate), 6 Cuneate, 7 Rounded obtuse, 8 Obliquely or unilaterally rounded. The constancy of the outline is very different in different cases. Some species seem to be very constant in shape, as Diploneis elliptica, many species of Pinnularia, Cocconeis and Amphora. 6 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. But in other cases the form is subject to much change as, for instance, in Navicula mutica. The shape of the ends is frequently not constant, as in the genus Neidium, Navicula viridula, and others. In the same natural group of diatoms both the outline and the ends are frequently subject to much variation. I therefore conclude that though the shape of the valve may be of service to some extent as a specific distinction, it is of no real importance in limiting or defining genera. On the sigmoid flexure of the valves have been founded the genera Pleurosigma and Scolio- pleura. This characteristic is subject to great variation in Plewrosigma, some forms of which are almost straight. On the other hand widely ‘different forms of other genera are sigmoid, as Navicula Raeana, Navicula Sigma, Caloneis stauwrophora. I have occasionally seen a sigmoid valve of Frus- tulia Lewisiana and one of Navicula cincta var. Heufleri. The sigmoid flexure of the valve can only be regarded as a specific characteristic. The symmetry or asymmetry of the valve has been considered by Herpere, Prirzer and others as of great importance in the formation of families. But this can hardly be maintained, since we meet with forms both symmetrical and asymmetrical in the same species, as for instance Trachy- neis apera, Frustulia vulgaris and others; and there are asymmetrical species closely allied to sym- metrical in the section Navicule lineolate, Pinnularia, Caloneis and others. The degree of asym- metry is also variable. This tends to shew that asymmetrical forms are derived from symme- trical and vice versa, and that in a natural system they cannot be placed in different families. As a generic distinction it may, when combined with other characteristics, be of value in cer- tain cases. A median constriction of the valve has been usually considered as an important character- istic, but it is not so, panduriform species being closely connected with others which are not at all constricted. Dictyoneis marginata, for instance, is usually deeply constricted, but varieties exist connecting this species with the non-constricted D. Thumii, which may therefore be considered as its variety. In the genus Diploneis very closely connected, constricted, and non-constricted forms exist. Diploneis didyma is usually panduriform, but in slightly brackish water the constriction becomes less distinct and, finally, not perceptible. We conclude thus that the outline of the valve in this respect is too variable to furnish generic distinctions, though in many cases, when constant, it may be a valuable specific characteristic. Central nodule. The central nodule constitutes a more or less conical, interior silicious mass in the centre of the valve. In many cases it expands laterally into a stauros, and on this charac- teristic has been founded the genus Stauroneis. It is to be remarked that a stauroid nodule occurs in widely different forms, and that some really allied forms scarcely differ otherwise than in the presence or absence of a stauros. In such cases the stauros cannot be used as a generic distinc- tion. As a specific characteristic it is in most cases very valuable, as it is very constant in the same species. The central nodule extends not only transversely, but is in many cases prolonged into horns, as in Diploneis, in which they closely follow the median line. In other cases, as is Dictyoneis, larger forms of Stauroneis, Frustulia, the median line is enclosed between silicious ribs, in the middle frequently fused together with the central nodule, which thus seems to be elongated. The prolongation of the central nodule in such a manner reaches its maximum in Amphipleura, where the »forks» represent the horns of Diploneis. In the section Navicule lyrate the horns are distant from the median line and developed into the lyriform markings, or large lateral, lunate areas, characterizing this section. The characteristics of the central nodule are subject to only slight variation and are therefore of importance. ; Median line. The median line is in all probability a fissure of more or less complicated structure, and seems to afford valuable characteristics. In most of the Mastogloie it is undulating, also in Navicula plicatula. In Pleurosigma, Gyrosigma, and others, it is more or less sigmoid, but this characteristic, though valuable specifically, is not of sufficient constancy to afford generic dis- tinction, sigmoid median lines occurring in forms nearly akin to others with straight median lines, KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. w:o 2. 7 as for instance Navicula Raeana and Nav. Yarrensis, Nav. tumida and Nav. plicata, Navicula Sigma and Nav. superimposita, Cocconeis heteropleura and C. pellucida. The direction of the terminal fissures in most Naviculee is the same in both extremities, but there are forms in which they are disposed in contrary directions. The latter characteristic on which Grounow was inclined to found a separate genus, Pscudopleurosigma, occurs in widely different groups, and it would not be in accordance with a natural system to class in one genus all forms with the terminal fissures in contrary directions. Such forms are frequently allied to others with the fissures in the same direction. On the other hand as a specific characteristic it seems to be of very great value. Areas, or structureless parts of the valve, occur usually along the median line and around the central nodule. I call these areas azial and central areas. There are also, sometimes, lateral areas, or blank spaces on both sides of the median line, separated from the latter by a striated portion. The form, the presence, or absence, of such areas is in most cases a valuable specific characteristic, and, frequently, a useful distinction in groups of allied forms. Longitudinal lines. In a great number of forms there occur lines, parallel to the median line, in some cases- dilated into longitudinal bands or lateral areas, limiting an interior elevated or depressed portion. Although such longitudinal lines or lateral areas occur in certain groups of forms most of which are devoid of them, as in the Navicule lineolate, and in the whole group of the Navicule lyrate, they are nevertheless in my opinion of great systematic importance. In the Navicule lyrate the longitudinal lines or lateral areas are expansions of the central nodule, corresponding with the »horns» of Diploneis. In other cases they are merely non-striate portions of the valve, but in Amphiprora, Diploneis, Caloneis they are of a different nature. In Amphiprora they mark the limit between the elevated interior and the flatter exterior parts, which frequently have a different struc- ture. They appear to be of the same nature in Caloneis. In Diploneis they limit a depressed portion, and the same is the case in several groups of Amphora, in which they are freqently so placed as to be distinctly seen only in favourable positions of the valve. In several cases the longitudinal lines are double. In Déiploneis I call the space between the median line and the in- terior longitudinal line the furrow, and the space between two longitudinal lines the lunula. The presence, or absence of longitudinal lines appears to me to be of very great importance in the con- struction of genera. ; Structure of the valve. The valves of the naviculoid diatoms vary greatly in structure. In most cases the valves are decorated with small or large puncta, disposed in different manners. At present it seems to be generally admitted that these puncta are small cavities in the silicious mass of the valve. They are rarely scattered irregularly, but are usually arranged in transverse rows, more or less radiate or parallel, called strie. The puncta are also so arranged as to form straight, or undulating, longitudinal rows, parallel to the median line, or decussating straight, or curved, rows as in Plewrosigma and others. When the puncta are large they are called alveoli and have the appearance of more or less quadrate spaces, as in several forms of Diploneis and Am- phora. The silicious mass enclosing the alveoli in such cases has a reticulated appearance. I call these siliceous walls of tbe alveoli, if forming continuous silicious ribs, coste. The strong, trans- verse silicious ribs of Duploneis Crabro are such coste. The alveoli or puncta are frequently united, as in Pinnularia, Caloneis etc. In such cases the strie appear to be channels, communicating with the interior, in the larger Pinnularie, by a larger foramen or ocellus. The outside part of the valve consists in several cases of a thin, minutely punctate stratum, usually seen only with difficulty. In a variety of Diploneis splendida, called Dip. diplosticta, there is such a finely punctate stratum outside the layer of alveoli. In the genus Dictyoneis it is also visible, the minute puncta forming transverse, and at the same time obliquely decussating striz. This is also the case with the genus Trachyneis, where the fine puncta form longitudinal or somewhat oblique lines. In the group Navi- cule lineolate the transverse striz are crossed by fine lines, which appear to be formed by closely crowded alveoli, as transitions exist from strie of this nature to strive composed of distinct 8 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF NAVICULOID DIATOMS. puncta. In many forms there is an interior stratum, which may be isolated from the alveolar network. It is frequently found in preparations of Trachyneis Debyi and allied forms, and has been figured in A. Scummpts Atlas Pl. KLVIII f. 23. Also in Navicula distans this interior stra- tum occurs frequently in an isolated form. In the most complicated cases, as in Trachyneis, we may distinguish three different strata, thus 1. The porous or ocelliferous interior stratum. 2. The alveolar stratum of reticulating coste. 3. The exterior, minutely punctate stratum. The structure of the valves presents characteristics which are of great importance for dis- tinction both of species and genera. The coarseness of the structure may vary in the same species, though in most cases such variation is less than is usually believed. The direction of the strix, the arrangement of their puncta, are characteristics subject to only very slight variation in the same species and in groups of allied forms. Cell-contents. As is well known, the chromatophores of the diatoms present a great varia- tion in different tribes, consisting in some of numerous granules, in others of one or two plates. To the latter type belong almost all the naviculoid diatoms, which have either one or two chromato- phore-plates. The position and the form of these plates appear to be constant for groups of allied species, as is proved by the excellent researches of Prirzer. But the cell-contents are known only in a very limited number of forms, and the characteristics dependent on the cell- contents are, for the greatest number of forms, yet to be studied. The same is also the case with the reproduction by means of auxospores, and the characteristics, derived from the living cell, cannot for the present be used in the systematic arrangement of species, as they are too little known. The characteristics derived from the structure of the valve are of the greatest im- portance in the definition of genera and families, and next to those, in my opinion, are the presence or absence of longitudinal lines, and the nature of the non-striate parts of the valve, or the areas. An ideal system should take in consideration the evolution of the different forms, but in the present fragmentary state of our knowledge, such consideration cannot be more than an ap- proximation wich may become closer to the truth as our knowledge of the forms becomes more extensive and perfect, The question which of the groups of forms are the highest and lowest may be answered by considering as the lowest those in which the characteristics are the least developed, and as the highest those in which the characteristics have attained their greatest evolution. But a greater development in one direction usually involves the slighter development, or oblitera- tion, of other characteristics, so that one group may be the highest in some respects, and another in others. The changes of the organisms do not always indicate progress, but are frequently retrograde, especially where the mode of life has become parasitical. A natural system must consequently take account not only of the upward evolution, but also of the downward. As the known diatoms probably represent merely a fraction of those, which exist and have existed, it will be necessary in constructing a natural system to fill the gaps with con- jectures. There can be no doubt that the naviculoid diatoms are most nearly connected with the Nitz- chiee among the diatoms without median line. The genera Tropidoncis and Amphiprora are very closely allied to several forms of Nétechia. We meet in that genus with the carinated asymmet- rical valves and the wing of Zropidoneis, also the complex zone and the carinal puncta of Amphi- prora. In constructing a natural system then we may arrange the genera and groups in order of their relationship to the two genera above mentioned, and the following scheme shews how I sup- pose the different groups of the naviculoid forms to be related. KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND. 26. w:o 2. 9 Nav. lineolate (10). : ‘ Amphiprora (2) Auricula. 1. soN pee itzchiee { Nav. lyrate (12). Tropidoneis (4). 9. Navicule | . Dictyoneis .. Mastoneis. te Nav. heterostiche .... Actinoneis. 2. Amphiprora .... Seoliotropis .... Gomphoneis. ea | ..., Achnanthidium. . Pleurosigma (3), Toxonidea. . Disconeis. Pleurosigma .... Navicule Decussate . . : Anomoeoneis. Cymbella. 4. Trovi ; (nes fusiformes (5). 10. Navicule li- } Gomphonema, Rhoicosphenia. . Tropidoneis 3 . : i Navicule microstigmatice (7). neolate Trachyneis. Navicule othosticha. Nay. levistriate (11). A.) Nawieulee tae Gyrosigma. 11. Navivaleie- Pinnularia. ce a Frustulia (6). vistviates Cymbamphora. : Cistula. Archeamphora. Stenoneis. 12. Navicule ly- { Diploneis (18). ‘ Amphipleura. rate Pseudo-amphiprora (14). 6: Brogtalia Vee Amphora.. Diplamphora. Nav. minuscule .... Microneis. | Cymatoneis. Nav. decipientes (8). 13. Diploneis Scoliopleura. Nev. punctate (9). hoe nicobarice. eee Anorthoneis. Nav. luxuriose. : : ; Eucocconeis. 14. Pseudo-am- { Caloneis .... Neidium. prceueniance Halamphora. phiprora ee . Calamphora. Oxyamphora. 1b ae . Achnanthes .... Pleuroneis. Amblyamphora. : . Mastogloia. Paammamphora. 16, Mustowleia { Goceensts, Nav. bacillares. Campyloneis. 8. Navicule de-]} Nav. entoleiz. cipientes Nav. mesoleiz. . Heteroneis. Tropidoneis comprises both symmetrical not-winged and asymmetrical winged forms. The former appear to be related to the Navicule microstigmatice and Nav. fusiformes. As asymmetrical forms of the Nav. microstigmatice are to be considered the following sections of the old genus Amphora: Oxyamphora, Amblyamphora, Psammamphora probably also Halamphora. Anorthoneis is probably an asymmetrical form of Nav. microstigmatice. The Nav. minuscule, of which Microneis and Eucoceoneis appear to comprise degenerating forms, are probably also allies of Nav. microstigmatice, To the last named large section the Nav. decipientes, Nav. entoleie and Nav. mesoleie are certainly akin. Heteroneis may comprise degenerating forms allied to the same group. From the Nav. microstigmatice the passage is gradual to the Nav. punctate and Naw. heterostiche and the former section is very closely connected with the Nav. lyrate. As degenerating forms are perhaps to be regarded Disconeis and Achnanthidium. Also some asymmetrical forms exist in the section Nav. punctate. Some Cymbelle represent very likely asymmetrical forms of Nav. punctate. The Navicule Lyrate are by intermediate forms connected with Diploneis. Akin to the Nav. lyrate I also consider Pseudo-amphiprora. The new groups Amphora and Diplamphora, broken out from the old genus Amphora, may be regarded as asymmetrical forms of Diploneis. Pseudo-amphiprora is connected by intermediate forms with Caloneis, to which also Neidium seems to be allied. The Nav. lineolate pass over to the group Punctate by transitional forms, and the former are also akin to Trachyneis (with the asymmetrical form Amphora Clevei). A part of the Cymbelle, Gomphonema, Rhoicosphenia and Amphora labuensis may be considered as asymmetrical forms of the Nav. lineolate. Degenerated forms of the Nav. lineolate are probably to be found in Actinonezrs. — On the other hand the Nav. lineolate are closely connected with the Nar. levistriate, and those with Pinnularia, and I consider, with much hesitation, Cymbamphora as asymmetrical forms of the Nav. levistriate. Kongl. Sv. Vet. Akad. Handl. Band 26. N:o 2. 2 10 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. 5 I have no decided opinion as to the distantly related genera Pleuroners and Achnanthes (sensu stricto). They seem in some way to be akin to the peculiar Allotoneis Castracanei Pantoc., which I know only from the figures. The structure resembles that of Mastogloia Greville. It may be possible that Alloioneis Castracanei connects Achnanthes and Mastogloia. The latter genus comprises forms with very different structure, which in some cases resembles that of the Nav. ortho- stiche in others that of the Nav. decussate and Pleurosigma. Some forms of Mastogloia have the central nodule dilated into horns or connected with lateral areas as in the Nav. lyrate. It might therefore be said that the Mastogloie belong to different types, but to prove this is not possible, It is not easy to find in a natural system the place a form occupies, as the most important characteristics are usually the least striking. For practical purposes it is necessary to have an artificial classification in order to identify rapidly an unknown form, but it is by no means an easy task to construct an artificial key of such numerous and variable forms as the naviculoid diatoms. Still I have tried to compile an artificial key, which, however little rigorous it may be, will still be useful. Artificial key of the groups and genera of naviculoid diatoms. L yee valves similar . Boao eR. Metab lose ble ey ay oe ds 2. — dissimilar. ... . ‘ ; . Achnanthee. 9. aorta with a loculiferous rim : hee (Sh? SYS Mastogloia. without -— _ a? of : feege Be 3. a symmetrical or almost so : ‘ ; : : 4. asymmetrical — Be Saad sande ALG , . 88 4. Ce Valves with longitudinal lines . ‘ Os ‘ 5. without — —_— : ce i> ag-aas Sintstenaike ait ee AAS Se 13. 5. es line sigmoid . . bok Brien os i, ie B-3> ode 2-6 6. : — — straight ... ula li. eee! OBE 6. j Axial part of the valve elevated into a keel ‘ be ee Amphiprora. \ — — not — _ ‘ ee re ae aon 7. pee Structure double eet tka ste «@ fh. fise atv Serta . Scoltotropis. simple . : - Scoliopleura.} 8. joetra nodule with horns, enclosing the median line .. « Diploneis. — without — — —_ : be be ti : 9. 9, eee nodule stauroid . .... .. . : ; we g lO; not — . : ue dis é ae fe cate tt, GN : 11. 10. psi distinctly punctate . : ee ee See ea Pseudo-amphiprora. —not — — 3 . . . Calonets (partim). 1. aie distinctly punctate ; 5 ee ee eC —not — _ sions : ae oe use Galansis (partim). ? 12. ee Valve with elevated ridges . ... see we Cymatoneis. without — re . Neidium. 13. oe Structure double SA aol ; : A ‘ to See TAR simples 5 Se AGA a Oe 3% 5 we. ga se. Tecate dip Ge SAGE 14. { Interior stratum with transverse coste ....... : Mastoneis. — — reticulate — a a SS ee om ABS 15. yee of rounded meshes . . gly ce BR Oleg .. . . Dictyoneis. rhomboid or rectangular — ‘ i Trachyneis. 16. — apparently smooth . i eae : o 3 fo ct aates beds distinctly punctate or lineate . ; ‘ Bh eee 18. 17. a more or less linear . : ? Soe. Ra ay Pinnularia. lanceolate . ¥ ‘ ‘ eb . . Nav. levistriate. 18. ee line ‘siete ee os ‘ 3 uh , 19. — nt — ..... : See fos he j : : . 20. 19 | Strie decussating. . ..... + Bosse, ak : . . Pleurosigma. z — transverse and longitudinal . sey ; : . Gyrosigma. 1 Caloneis staurophora. — ? Nav. luxuriantes, Nav. nicobarice. KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. wn:o 2. 11 20. ie with lateral areas uniting with the central area Nav. lyratee (Anomoeconeis partim). without = — _ — i oye ee 2 21. poe paige in decussating rows . Boe Naw: Tecuantes (Ancmucsnets partim). transverse strie . . , 7 . 22, 99. ‘i Strie oe and transversely lineate . : ‘ a ae ee as punctate -- _— alas e 8 ; : . . 24. 93, oe nodule elongated... ... wees Oe Gaated. Brebissonia. not —_— A ar 9 .. Nav. lineolate. 24. cae i a in Tonetenateal, ataat ‘eraiehi rows... Oe br en MOOS _ = undulating rows ‘ ep ade Sawa: ¢ “ba ga! 228K 2. — ties between siliceous ribs . ... se 26, — not — _ _— ; Kaw. eirhaatichcn (Nav. fusiformes partim). 26. eee COATSE! 45. Wahi ged OBR Gee ee Ge GA, a Ae ae ae ee a Cistula. PIMOS: eine Siete Ste eee a de Oe ae a es Ave he [eats nodule uniting with the ribs in a very Seaeatal axial costa .. Amphipleura. 27. 4 Central nodule not uniting with the ribs or uniting for a short way only. . Frustulia | (Nav. orthostiche partim). 98. ae distinctly punctate Boa aie eh say eas bee die euteit) Sela 298 indistinctly or very finely punctate Sd are ede AR Ry gto as Sater SS aerepe ge Oat SEL Gk ar. 32. 29. ee COOTSE: a a Sai ce. te) a els -. . . Nav. punctate. small eo ual ee be eB ee 30. 30. ba eta strie of unequal length oe 3 ti . Nav. heterostiche. equal _— j acy Ge oe 31. Valve very convex, and carinated . be ye Tropidoneis. 31. {va slightly convex not carinated .. . ‘Hai mienosigwncians (Nav. mesoleie and Nav. entoleie partim). 39. agers nodules incrassate or transversely dilated eke Lib ay Nav. bacillares. not — — _ tae dhe 33. 38. oe strie more distant than the others Nav. deepiontes (Mar microstigmatice partim). — not _— — cp hye ait dth we ge OAR Axial area more or less lanceolate .........4.. oe ee Nav. entoleie.! 3d. { indistinct ... yee 2 dlears ee sous 7D, 35, [cent area large. . be de sas : Be Bs 36. indistinct. . ae : i Sei 48 : 37. Central area a transverse fascia 3 Stenoneis. a6 { quadrate or rounded . : New enables t Acionveeaiiets partim). ae membranaceous forms. ..... #.«....4. et ax Nav. minuscule. ae — _ — . .. . Nav. fusiformes (Nav. microstigmatice partim). 38, Valve clavate ; aero ee mm aH 39. \ — not — : ‘ 5-5 40. Structure: transverse strie or rows of puncta . . Gomphonema. ah { _ costz, alternating with double rows of puncta Gomphoneis. disevaaws decussating rows of minute puncta . . om & Toxonidea. sci ‘ess transverse strig or rows of puncta ; : 41. Valve not strongly asymmetrical nt Cymbella (Tropidoneis, Trachyneis, 41. Nav. punctate partim). Loe strongly asymmetrical . 42. Median line on an elevated keel . . Auricula.? a { not. _ — ae bath geauee : . Amphora. Habitat and geographical distribution of diatoms. A knowledge of the habitat and the geographical distribution of the diatomacee is of great importance, especially for geological researches. Fossil diatoms occur doubtless more frequently in geological strata than is usually believed, and may furnish the geologist with valuable evidence about the qualities of the water in which the sediments were deposited, whether fresh, brackish or 1 Navicula americana. — ? Tropidoneis partim and Amphora Schmidtii. 12 Pp. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. strongly saline, and, in the latter case, whether the sea was tropical, temperate or arctic. There are also reasons to believe that the accurate investigation of the geographical distribution of the freshwater-forms will enable the geologist to ascertain the climate of the periods, when the fresh- water deposits were formed. Considerations of that nature have induced me to pay much attention to the geographical distribution of the Diatomacee. In the abundant literature upon the subject we find many lists of diatoms ocurring in certain seas, countries, and deposits, but I have intentionally made very little use of them, not being satisfied as to the accuracy of the determinations or limitations of species by the various authors. I have besides had sad experience how easily one may be deceived by slides of materials the loaclities of which are incorrectly named and which durnig the preparation have not been kept rigorously isolated from other materials. For such reasons I have relied mainly on my own observations only, though I still feel there may be among them some errors as to the localities, arising from the latter cause, as I had no opportunity of controlling the mode in which every slide, examined by me, had been prepared. Many diatoms are cosmopolitan, occurring in all parts of the world, but there are on the other hand many species, genera and groups which occur only in certain seas and climates. The arctic sea has its characteristic form of Triceratium arcticwm (or Biddulphia Balena), Campylodi- seus Helianthus and others. There are numerous common atlantic species which have never been found in the Arctic Sea. The tropical seas have their own peculiar species, not found in the At- lantic or in the arctic sea. The same is the case with several freshwater-forms. Navicula (Dia- desmis) confervacca, Achnanthes inflata, Cerataulus levis occur in tropical or subtropical countries throughout the whole globe. Of Tabellaria flocculosa, one of the most frequent diatoms of Europe, not a trace has been found either in South America from Ecuador to Argentina or in Australia or New Zealand. Gomphonema geminatum, of frequent occurence in Scandinavia, Gt. Britain, and the Alps, does not live in the main-land of Europe. The same is the case with Tetracyclus, Diatomella Balfouriana and others. Stauroneis Fulmen and St. Frauenfcldiana are peculiar to the Australian region. I could easily multiply these examples, but they are enough to show that the study of the geographical distribution of the diatoms offers many points of interest. I have examined a large number of samples of silurian clays and limestones, rhetic and cretaceous rocks of Sweden, but I never found in them a trace of a diatom. I have also searched for diatoms in the eocene and oligocene strata of Paris, but hitherto in vain, though I think it probable that they may yet be found there, as diatoms are found in the London clay of Sheppey. On the other hand fossil diatoms are very frequent in strata of the tertiary period in Barbados, Trinidad, New Zealand, Hungary, Japan, Denmark, etc. as is well known to every diatomist. If it be true, as PanrocszxK believes, that the deposit of Kusnetzk belongs to the Trias, this is the oldest known diatomiferous rock, as the statement by CastTracane that diatoms occur in the carboniferous system has never been verified. Some of the postglacial strata of Sweden are very rich in diatoms, and I have examined a considerable number of them. Among them the glacial clay and glacial marl have constantly been found by me free from diatoms, probably because the water, in which these deposits were formed, was too turbid for their growth. The strata, formed later than these, usually contain diatoms of both brackish and fresh-water habitat. The brackish-water-diatoms of the ancient baltic deposits comprise forms occuring in the present time in the southern part of the Baltic, as Rhabdonema arcuatum and Coscinodiscus asteromphalus, both characteristic fossils of the Litorina-epoch. The freshwater-species found in the Swedish post-glacial deposits are still living, but there are among them several peculiar species, not hitherto found in the southern or median part of the country, as Pinnularia cardinalis, Navicula amphibola, Nav. Semen, Anomoeoneis serians and others. Of interest is the occurrence of Terpsinoe americana, now extinct in Europe (or at least in northern Europe), in brackish or slightly brackish deposits of the Litorina-epoch. I have KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. w:o 2. 13 noticed this species in deposits from Warnemiinde in Germany and from the eastern Smaland in Sweden. The microscopical examination of the pre- and inter-glacial deposits of northern Germany and Denmark have furnished evidence that these strata were formed in inlets from the North Sea and not from the Arctic Sea. All these facts prove of what importance the study of fossil diatomaceze is becoming to Geologists. Amphiprora Exp. (1843). Valve lanceolate, acute, convex. Axial part of the valve elevated into a sigmoid keel, usually separated from the lower part by a line of junction. Axial area indistinct. Central area small or none. Structure of the lower part of the valve: transverse striz, rarely scattered puncta; structure of the keel: puncta in transverse or decussating rows. — Frustule strongly constricted in the middle. Junction between the keel and the lower part of the valve usually visible as a more or less sinuose line. Connecting zone complex, with more or less numerous, transversely striate divisions. — Cell-contents (of A. alata) a single chromotophore-plate along the zone. The division of the chromotophore begins from its ends (Pitzer, Bau u. Entw. p. 94). The name Amphiprora was given by Eurenpera 1843 (Am. p. 122) to two naviculoid dia- toms. i Late : A. conspicua GREV, membranaceous , ; 28 . A. Duseni Cu. 5. peegen and valve separated by a row of puncta cae fan A. margine punctata Cu. _ — junction-line 6. oo sresibitawideni : ie ; ; ty. 25 toe OF solid. 2... 5 : 3 3 1585 7, oe -line with siatal deaticutdtions. Sy Oh neat : a. ornata Bat. — oneorno — ‘ A. paludosa W. Sm. 8. { seals of the valve crenulated . . ; . A. crenulata Teme. — not _ Sted ge eda: Se. Goulet ; 8 9. 9. jr of the keel obsolete . no Games. oardespeeecs. cee. a A. Brebissoniana GREV. distincs ....... be god Gee iors 10. Strie on fie | keel wider than on the valve . . ... . . A. Kjellmanii Cu. 10. = closer — = ee es . . A. kryophila Cu. and the valve equidistant . nnd B hey aie oe dds tt. {Ke stieie: sigmoid ........ my cunieities (eeeas noe al A. alata Kirz. slightly — . 2... , hee an elude ar Fe . 12. 19. eee 6 in 001 mm. : ees gat a A. Meneghiniana Grev. a= to 12 =) ee es Ne ee ee Sa Se A. lata Grev. 1. A. Paludosa W. Sm. (1853). — Frustule membranaceous, in the zone-view deeply con- stricted, with rounded to truncate ends. B. 0,03 to 0,05 mm. Junction-line sinuose (or not). V. linear-lanceolate, with acute (or apiculate) ends. L. 0,055 to 0,13 mm. Median line strongly sigmoid. Strie 19 to 20 in 0,01 mm., some of them frequently coarser than the others. — W. Sm. B. D. I. p. 44, Pl. XXXI f. 269. V. H. Syn. p. 121, Pl. XXII f. 10. Brackish water: North Sea (Sweden! England! Belgium!) Cape May! Barbados! Var. bahusiensis Cu. — Frustule strongly constricted. L. 0,08; B. 0,04 mm. Junction-line not sinuose and not punctate. Strie 22 in 0,01 mm., those on the zone and the basal part of the valve more marked. Strize of the keel faint, ending at the median line in very small puncta. Marine: Sweden, Fiskebickskil! Var. africana Grun. (1879). — Frustule strongly constricted. L. 0,05 to 0,06; B. 0,03 mm, Junction-line not sinuose and not punctate. Striz 20 in 0,01 mm., those on the ieee with coarse puncta. — A. pal. v. afr. Grun. in Cl. M. D. N:o 196. Brackish water: South Africa! Var. subsalina Cu. — Frustule very thin, strongly constricted in the middle. L. 0,04: B. 0,03 mm. Junction-line with a large sinus. Striw 23 in 0,01 mm. — Pl. I f. 1. Brackish water: Artern, Saxony! Var. hyperborea Grun. (1880). — Frustule slightly constricted in the middle. L. 0,065 to 0,07; B. 0,035 to 0,036 mm. Junction-line slightly sinuose. Striz 27 to 28 in 0,01 mm. — A. pal. var.? hyp. Grun. A. D. p. 62. PL V f. 86. Brackish water: Sea of Kara (Grun.). Forma minuta Grun. (1884). — L. 0,035 mm. — A. hyp. f. min. Gron. Franz Josephs L. D. p. 54 (106), Pl. I f. 51. . Marine: Franz Josephs Land (Grun.). KONGL. 8V. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. N:o 2. 15 Var. Pokornyana Grun. (1860). — Frustule slightly constricted. L. 0,065 to 0,087; B. 0,02 to 0,027 mm. Junction-line slightly sinuose. Valve narrow, linear, with rostrate ends, and almost straight median line. — Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 569 Pl. VI f. 9. Brackish water: Neusiedlersee (Hungary); Sea of Kara (Grun.). The above description is from the work of Gruyow. In Cl. M. D. N:o 256 (Lymington, England) occurs a form, determined by Grunow as A. Pokorn. L. 0,09; B. 0,04 mm. Strie 16 in 0,01 mm., coarsely punctate on the keel. Junction-line slightly sinuose. Keel strongly sigmoid. Var. punctulata Grun. (1880). -— Frustule slightly constricted. L. 0,037 to 0,095 mm. B. 0,02 to 0,023 mm. Junction-line not sinuose, with a row of small puncta. Strie about 27, on the keel 24 in 0,01 mm. — A. pal. v. punct. Grun. A. D. p. 62, Pl. IV f. 84. Franz Josephs L. D. p. 53 (105), Pl. I f. 54, 55. Brackish water: Sea of Kara! Franz Josephs Land (Grun.), Cape Wankarema! Var. Nereis Lewis (1861). — Frustule strongly constricted in the middle. L. 0,05 to 0,114 mm Junction-line not sinuose, but with distant puncta. Striz 22 in 0,01 mm. V. narrow, lanceolate, with sigmoid median line. — A. Nereis Lewis. Proc. Acad. N. Se. Philadelphia 1861 p. 64. — A. plicata var. japonica Castr. Challenger Exp. D. p. 40, Pl. XXX, f. 8. Marine: Atlantic coasts of N. America (Lewis). Var. dilatata Pant. (1891). — Frustule strongly constricted. L. 0,139. Height of the valve 0,025; at the constriction 0,0105 mm. Junction-line crenulated. Striz 25 in 0,01 mm. — A. dila- tata Pant. II. p. 55, Pl. X f. 179. Brackish water: Hungary, fossil (Panr.). This form only differs from var. Nereis by its somewhat larger size. Var. borealis Grun. (1880). — Frustule slightly constricted. L. 0,079 to 0,085; B. 0,028 to 0,03 mm. Junction-line slightly arcuate, not sinuose. Striz on the keel 23, on the valve and the connecting zone 26 in 0,01 mm. — A. pal. var.? borealis Grun. A. D. p. 62, Pl. IV f. 85. Brackish water: Sea of Kara (Gruy.), Cape Wankarema! Var. duplex Donn. (1858). — Frustule in L. 0,02 to 0,066; B. 0,01 to 0,04 mm. Junction-line arcuate, not sinuose. Striz very fine. V. narrow, lanceolate, with strongly sigmoid median line. — A. dupl. Donx. T. M.S. VI p. 29, Pl. II f. 13. — A. pal. v. dupl. V. H. Syn. p. 121, PI. XXII f. 15, 16. Brackish water: Greenland! North Sea (Sweden! England, Donx., Belgium V. H.) Hungary, fossil (PANT.). Var. hyalina Evtenst. (1880). — As Var. duplex but smaller. L. 0,017; B. 0,035 mm. — A. hyalina Evu. in V. H. Syn. Pl. XXIT f. 17. Brackish water: Cette (Grun.). A. paludosa is a very variable species, closely connected with A. alata. Nearly akin to A. paludosa, perhaps a variety, is A. Kiitzingiana Grev. (1863 Edinb. N. Ph. J. XVIII p..184 f. 6) from Queensland. The frustule is deeply constricted. L. 0,128 mm. The junction-line is not sinuose. 2. A. Dusenii Cr. N. Sp. — Frustule membranaceous, strongly constricted in the middle, the segments being almost orbicular. L. 0,13; B. 0,11 at the constr. 0,07 mm. Zone with sigmoid longitudinal divisions, 2 in 0,01 mm., finely striate; strie 17 in 0,01 mm. V. strongly compressed and elevated, without any junction-line. Striz (at the keel) 12 in 0,01 mm., curved, towards the keel with distant puncta, 8 in 0,01 mm. Brackish water (mouths of rivers): Cameroon (Dusty)! 3. A. alata Kirz (1844). — Frustule strongly silicious, constricted in the middle. B. 0,04. Junction-line not sinuose, but frequently with a row of large puncta. V. linear, with acuminate ends. L. 0,10 to 0,11; B. 0jo2 mm. Median line strongly sigmoid. Basis of the keel linear, sigmoid. 16 Pp. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. Strie 16 to 17 in 0,01 mm. finely lineate and, on the keel, with coarse puncta. — Kurz. Bac. p. 107 Pl. TI f 63. W. Su. B.D. Ip. 44 Pl XV f 124. V. H. Syn. p. 121 Pl. XXIT f. 11, 12. Brackish water: North Sea (Bohuslin! England! France! Belgium V. H.). Mediterranean Sea (Peragallo). California! Var. intermedia Ci. — V. in L. 0,11 to 0,15; B. 0,03; Height 0,025 to 0,03 mm. Strie 11 in 0,01 mm. Brackish water: New York! San Domingo (Witt Coll)! Var. pulchra Bat. (1850). — Frustule strongly constricted. L. 0,27; B. 0,1 mm. Strie 7 in 0,01 mm., on the keel with large puncta, 5 to 6 in 0,01 mm. — A. pulchra Batu. Smiths. Contr. II p. 38 Pl. IT f. 16, 18 (bad). V. H. Syn. Pl. XXII bis f. 1, 2, 4. Brackish water: Atlantic coasts of N. America! San Domingo (Witt Coll.)! Var. japonica Cu. — V. in the zonal view strongly constricted. L. 0,085; B. 0,02 mm. Junc- tion-line bisinuose on each side of the central nodule. Strie 12 in 0,01 mm., coarsely punctate on the keel. — Pl. I f. 2. Marine: Japan! The smaller forms of A. alata appear to graduate into A. paludosa, so that there seems to be an uninterrupted series of forms from the gigantic Var. maxima to the very minute A. pal. var. hyalina. The Var. japonica may be regarded as a connecting link between A. alata and A. ornata. To the forms of A. alata belongs perhaps also A. biharensis Pant. III Pl. XLIT f. 577. 4, A. conspicua Grev. (1861). — V. linear-lanceolate, strongly convex. L. 0,06 to 0,13; B. 0,02 to 0,024 mm. Median line strongly sigmoid. Junction-line indistinct. Striz 7 in 0,01 mm., some of them near the median line coarser, finely lineate; lineole about 25 in 0,01 mm. — Grey. T. M.S. IX p. 86 Pl. X f. 16(?). V. H. Syn. Pl. XXII bis f. 3. Brackish water: Atlantic coasts of N. America! Brazil! Sierra Leone (Grun), Cameroon! 5. A. ornata Bart (1852). — Frustule membranaceous, strongly constricted. L. 0,067; B. 0,05 mm. Junction-line deeply denticulate. Striz 20 to 22 in 0,01 mm., finely punctate. — Bal. Smiths. Contr. IT p. 38 Pl. II f. 15 to 23. V. H. Syn. p. 121 Pl. XXII bis f£.5. A. fimbriata Casrr. Voy. Challenger p. 40 Pl. XVII f. 15 (Surirella?). Fresh water: Finland! Belgium (V. H.). North America (Michigan! Florida, Batt). 6. A. crenulata Temp. (1891). —- Frustule deeply constricted. L. 0,037; B. 0,03 mm. Junc- tion-line sinuose. Connecting zone with several longitudinal divisions, finely striate. Strie 28 in 0,o1 mm. V. lanceolate, with crenulated margins (denticulations 2 in 0,01 mm.), apiculate. I. 0,04; B. 0,014 mm. Median line strongly sigmoid. Basis of the keel biconstricted. Axial and central areas indistinct. Keel with transverse, punctate striz, 16 in 0,01 mm. Lower part of the valve with numerous, strong, transverse lines. — Temp. Diatomiste I, p. 50 Pl. IX f. 9, 10. Brackish water: New Guinea! 7. A. Kjellmanii Cx. (1880). — Frustule silicious, slightly constricted. L. 0,13; B. 0,04 mm. Junction-line undulated or not. Striz coarser on the keel than on the valve, 12 or 13 (keel) to 17 (valve) in 0,01 mm. — Ou. A. D. p. 14 Pl. IV f. 83. Marine: Sea of Kara! Cape Wankarema! Var. glacialis Cx. (1883). — Frustule not constricted. L. 0,07; B. 0,015 mm. Striz 14 (keel) to 19 (valve) in 0,01 mm. — Cu. Vega p. 477 Pl. XXXV f. 12. Marine: Cape Wankarema! Var. kariana Grun. (1880). — Frustule slightly constricted. L. 0,064 to 0,07; B. 0,036, at the constriction 0,027 mm. Junction-line slightly sinuose. Strie 10 or 11 (keel) to 17 or 18 (valve) in 0,01 mm. — A. kariana Grun. A. D. p. 61 Pl. IV f. 82. Franz Josephs L. D. p. 53 (105). Marine: Franz Josephs Land (Gruy.). KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. wn:o 2. 17 Var. subtilis Grun. (1884). —- Frustule scarcely constricted. L. 0,04; B. 0,014 mm. Junction- line slightly undulated. Striz 13 (keel) to 26 (valve) in 0,01 mm. V. in B. 0,08 mm. — A. kariana v. subtilis Grun. Franz Josephs L. D. p. 105 (53) Pl. I f. 52, 53. Marine: Franz Josephs Land (Grun.). Var. striolata Grun. (1880). — Frustule rectangular, slightly constricted. L. 0,07; B. 0,023, at the constriction 0,015 mm. Junction-line not sinuose. Strie 12 (keel) to 15 (valve) in 0,01 mm. those on the keel ending in small dots. -- Grun. A. D. p. 62 Pl. IV f. 81. Brackish water: Sea of Kara (Gruv.). 8. A. kryophila Cr. (1883). — Frustule slightly constricted. L. 0,13 to 0,16; B. 0,043 to 0,045; at the constriction 0,028 to 0,03 mm. Junction-line sinuose. Striez on the keel 13 to 17 in 0,01 mm., ending in small puncta; strie on the valve 10 to 14 in 0,01 mm. wider than on the keel. V. lanceolate, with strongly sigmoid median line. — Cu. Vega p. 477 Pl. XXXV f. 11. Marine: Cape Wankarema! _ A. kryophila is perhaps not specifically distinct from A. Kjellmanii, the only difference being that the striz on the keel are closer than those on the valve; otherwise the two forms are perfectly similar. Both differ from A. paludosa in large size, more strongly silicious valves, and coarser striz. 9. A. lata Grev. (1863), — Frustule quadrate, strongly constricted. L. 0,075; B. 0,04, at the constriction 0,025 mm. Keel broad. Junction-line uniformly arcuate, not sinuose. Striz on the keel 11 to 12 in 0,01 mm. ending in small puncta. Striz on the valve of equal number, not distinctly punctate. Connecting zone with numerous, longitudinal divisions. — Grev. Edinb. N. Phil. J. XVIII p. 38 f 14. — PL If. 5. Marine: Balearic Islands! Queensland (Grev.). The above description is from specimens from the Balearic Islands. GReviLLE does not give the number of striz. 10. A. Meneghiniana Grev. (1863). — Frustule broad, quadrate. L. 0,115 mm. Connecting zone with numerous longitudinal divisions. Junction-line uniformly arcuate. not sinuose. Strie coarse 6 in 0,01 mm. — Grey. Edinb. N. Ph. J. XVIII p. 184 f. 7. Marine: Queensland (GREV.). 11. A. Brebissoniana Grev. (1863). — Frustule strongly siliceous, deeply constricted, with broad truncate ends. L. 0,089 to 0,13; B. 0,066 mm. Junction-line not sinuose. Keel very elevated, bordered with a conspicuose hyaline margin, obsoletely striate, the strie being visible only at the median line and at the junction-line. Strie of the valve 7,5 in 0,01 mm., obscurely but coarsely punctate. — Grey. Edinb. N. Ph. J. XVIII p. 185 f. 8. — Pl. If. 4. Marine: South Pacific Ocean (Grev.), Sendai, Japan, fossil (TEMPERE)! 12. A. margine-punctata Cu. N. Sp. — V. in L. 0,13; B. 0,04, at the constriction 0,015 mm. Keel very elevated, with a row of small marginal puncta, 8 in 0,01 mm., connected with similar rows of puncta at the basis of the keel. Lower part of the valve very narrow. Striz on the keel 19 in 0,01 mm., curved and finely punctate. — Pl. I f. 3. Marine: Java! 13. A. Temperei Cr. (1890). — Frustule strongly constricted. L. 0,15; B. 0,055, at the constriction 0,027 mm. Junction-line obsolete, visible only near the central nodule. Keel with two rows of large puncta (4 in 0,01 mm.), striate; strie 21 in 0,01 mm. V. with fine, scattered puncta. Connecting zone with numerous longitudinal divisions, transversely striate; stria 20 in 0,01 mm. — Cu. Diatomiste I p. 2 Pl. IT f. 3. Marine: Madagascar! This is a very characteristic species, not closely connected with any other. The median line is strongly sigmoid. K. Sv. Vet. Akademiens Handlingar. Bd 26. N:o 2. 3 18 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. 14. A. gigantea Groun. (1860). — Frustule strongly constricted. LL. 0,12 to 0j16 mm. Keel with a hyaline margin, broader towards the ends. Junction-line uniformly arcuate, not sinuose. Keel with puncta forming obliquely decussating rows, 13 to 15 in 0,01 mm. Striez of the valve curved, divergent from the central nodule, about 14 in 0,01 mm., not decussating. Median line strongly sigmoid. Connecting zone with numerous longitudinal divisions. — Grun. Verh. 1860 p- 568 Pl. VI f. 12 (bad!). A. D. p. 63. — PL If, 6. A. gig. var. kerguelensis Grun. A. D. p. 63 (1880). Marine: Mediterranean Sea! Adriatic! Macassar Straits! Kerguelens Land! This is a very large diatom, with somewhat thin silicious membrane. When dry the keel under a low power is yellow, and the valve hyaline. Var. tahitensis Grun. (1880). — Frustule membranaceous. L. 0,06 (to 0,095); B. 0,04 mm. Keel strongly sigmoid. Striz 18 to 22 in 0,01 mm. — A. D. p. 63. Marine: China! Japan! Tahiti (Grun.). Var. e@quatorialis Ci. (1873). — L. 0,10 to 0,15 mm. Strize 9 to 11 in 0,01 mm. — Amphi- campa equatorialis Cu. D. Sea of Java p. 12 Pl. IIL f. 17. Amphipr. balearica Grun. A. D. p. 63 (1880). Marine: Balearic Islands! Adriatic! Java! Var. sulcata O’Muara (1871). — L. 0,09 to 0,14 mm. Striz 12 to 13 in 0,01 mm., on the connecting zone 20 in 0,01 mm. — A. sulcata O'M. M. J. (N. 8.) Vol. XI p. 22 Pl. III f. 3. A. pelagica Brun. D. Esp. n. p. 8 Pl. XXII f. 3, 4 (1891). Marine: Le Croisic! Balearic Islands! Seychelles! Cape Good Hope! Sumatra! Jamaica (Grove Coll.)! Var. decussata Grun. (1880). — L. 0,063 to 0,065 mm. Keel slightly sigmoid. Strie 21 to 24 in 0,01 mm. — A. decussata Grun. A. D. p. 63. V. H. Syn. Pl. XXIT f. 13. Marine: Courselles (Gruy.). Hungary, fossil (Panr.). Var. septentrionalis Grun. (1880). — L. 0,076 to 0,18 mm. Strie 20 to 23 in 0,01 mm. — A. sept. Grun. A. D. p. 63. Marine: Finmark! Cape Wankarema! Auricula Castr. (1873). Valve more or less reniform or cymbiform, elevated into an asymmetrical, arcuate, but not sigmoid, keel. Median line not sigmoid, more or less biarcuate, with approximate central pores. Structure: transverse striew, or more or less curved, irregular lines. Frustule usually globose, with complex connecting zone. Keels of both valves turned in the same direction. The first known species was the diatom, described 1857 by Greaory as Amphiprora complexa. The genus Auricula was founded 1873 by Casrracane (Atti del accad. pont. dei Lincei XX VI p. 406) for A. Amphitritis, which is evidently nearly akin to.A. complexa. In Van Heurcks Synopsis (Pl. XXII bis f. 9, 10) Grunow has proposed the name Amphoropsis for two forms, of which one, A. decipiens, is related to Auricula, and the other, A. recta, is by me considered as belonging to Tropidoneis. As A. decipiens in my opinion cannot be separated from Auricula, I propose to reserve the name Amphoropsis for a section of Tropidoneis. The valve of Auricula is keeled as in Amphiprora, but the keel is not sigmoid. In some species, which approach to Amphiprora, the keel is separated from the lower part of the valve by a line of junction. In other forms there is a gradual slope from the median line to the margin. KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. N:O 2. 19 I have examined some living frustules of A. complexa. It has along the ventral side a single caromatophore-plate enclosed in a plasmatic mass, from which fine plasma-threads radiate towards the walls. A. complexa, 500 times magnified. A. incerta, 500 times magnified. Of A. incerta I have had an opportunity of examining numerous living specimens. This species has also a single chromatophore-plate along the ventral side of the zone, enclosed in a plasma-mass which sends fine plasma-threads to the walls of the frustule. If the living frustules be suddenly killed by a boiling con- centrated solution of mercuric chloride in alcohol, and then by washing freed from mercuric salt, they may be stained with different dyes. Carmine colours the nucleus, which is placed above the plate and on its centre. Stained with chrysoidine numerous granules in the plasma-mass take an intensely yellow colour, and are probably eleoplasts, as fatty matters are intensely coloured by the dye. Auricula minuta has also a single chromotophore-plate along the ventral side, and at the primordial stratum of the plasma a number of small granules, possibly geline-secreting organs. Auxospores. In A. minuta a single globular auxospore is formed out: of two frustules.. In the annexed sketches a and ¢ represent a frustule in living state, 6 a frustule in the state of division. Fig. d shews two frustules enclosed in a mucous mass, the first stage of the conjugation. In e the auxospore is formed and enclosed between the empty valves; f seems to represent an mature auxospore, and g two frustules, to judge from the size, probably formed out of the auxospore. Some extreme forms of Auricula have a very peculiar appearance, but by intermediate steps they are connected on one hand with Amphiprora, on the other with Amphora, so nearly indeed that no line of demarcation may be traced between Am- phora and Auricula. All species of Auricula are marine and pelagic. Some forms are thin and membranaceous. Others have strong valves, but thin connecting zones, so that entire frustules are rarely to be found in gatherings which have been cleaned by means of acids. A. minuta, 500 times magnified. 20 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. Artificial key. 1 Valve more or less boat-shaped i a al nee sc sae Age bs oe . phar Bs we — reniform ...... «wc. eae a ee a ee: 2 5 ee 10 t to ll in Qoi mm. ....... Rhy “eRe cable «et rane . . A. coarctata Br. © 20 to 22 _ bean ce eid ; sd ips wos 3, ee with a few larger sicuas a ee ; pice), A. pulchra GREv. — without stigmas ...... 2... e. ... .. A. decipiens Grun. 4 ree strongly inflected in the middle ea OW RE MR a do 4 oe 5. — not, or slightly, inflected... ....... SUE. e MA Faia Gace ae tare 6. Strie 15 to 16 in 001 mm... ... Boke .. . A, intermedia Lewis. 4 aia very ne yey a ee Se ee. oy Sea sate A. insecta GRun. 6. ers dyansverse .... 0 1 ww ee | ON pe an oe . 8 curved, divergent towards the ere line be fase Metayahs Ciade sa atts ts 7. eo coarse (8 in 0,01 mm.) ee Ce Be ; & mu Amphitritis CastR. finer (20-in 0,01 mm.) . A. ds ae ee ee eee A. complexa Gree. 8. ess large (L. 0,17 mm.) beetles oa 2... . A, javanica Cu. small (L. 0,02 to 0,o3 mm.). . Mek 2,6 .... » 4 ee ee 2. ; — with SS Se ee sd a , A eel Bs 9 Valve moderately high. .... . See As ie. eas T. adriatica Cu." c — veryhigh 2. 2.22 Si vee ee te Leeda og é 3. 24 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. 3. Valve thin wk eee eS initia a ee ee » 4 SOlid 5. co. Ss A ee a ee : i. 8 T. solidula Cu. 4 Fatale in zonal view elliptical a ee a T. antarctica Cu. — rectangular ..... T. membranacea Cu. Valve nearly flak nn f ; i & of T. longa Cu. 5. elevated aoe : eB. Aes. See ar 1105 6. | Wing ee close to the keel... , ee T. approximata Ct. = , antes es 7. Central area indistinct or niall iio te de. Blade de calaly: 3 T. Lepidoptera Gree. 7. : < distinct Sew ta BA oe i . . T. maxima Gree. II. Plagiatropis Prrrzer, median line excentric; keels of the valves in contrary directions. 1 oe coarse and distant . e. Met ce eS hE a T. Zebra Cu. ; — close ay Se : : ‘ ee Se . aim 32) 9 i crossed by blank, longitudinal bands .. .. . T. seriata Cu. “\.— not —- _ —- .. eae = OB: 3 Valve not striate along the margin . . . eA ‘ 4. = — striate to the margin .. . eee ee ee 5. i oe strie ‘about 15 in 0,01 mm. : . . T. japonica Cu. : — — ,— 19 — we eee lee 6D. semistriata Gron. 5 secon constricted in the middle ..... ee ee oe ee . 6. , — not or slightly .. . ify, eee SR er hae 9. 6 ye or longitudinal band instinct . .. ‘ T. samoensis GRun. i —_ _ — distinct... ..... ea gaa Dont ee, Ba a OG 7 ek broad: Se OS 4s. A ee ee ee ee 3 . T. sumbavensis Cu. , — narrow... ... gdp ae tea rds ss Be, cys ed ae 8. 8 a about 0,08 mm. : Fee .. . TD. gibberula Grun. ‘ _— 014mm... ... F Berne ihe . TT. chinensis Cu. 9 ee narrow, almost linear an ‘ ‘i hn. tah ae ah a 10. me — broader, lanceolate . oe Be YB RR. Pose ees es ep GS 11. 10 {e 0,2. t0-O07 MM: a x 8 § «xg a ee Oh aca Bo we es T. elegans Gree. " \L. about 006 mm... ..... By mor e2d: wpettsa act aN te: (a aha T. pusilla Gree. YW ee COU 1 Cale a ee ee ene a pee owe a a Pe Von, Heurckii Grun. 1: 0,09 40-09 mm, “eel e a ae CO ae ee PE ee ee a ad ‘12. i 12 aa band, if present, not interrupted... . ae ak ee ee eae 13. . _ _ interrupted in the middle .. ©. ..... sign ae AS aR T. lata Cu. Longitudinal stri# slightly finer than the feaicvess ee ee . . QT. Kinkeriana Cu. 13. : { _— — much — _— Sh gh) bette th ‘'T. vitrea W. Sm. III. Amphoropsis Gruy., median line excentric; keels of the valves turned in the same directions. 1 Keels without coarse ribs .............44. Zi .... T. recta Grec. : — with —- — ......, 0 a a ee T. concerta Lewts. 1. T. antaretica Grun. (1878). — Frustule membranaceous, elliptical in outline. L. 0,19 to 0,24; B. 0,06 to 0,08 mm. Central area small, stauriform (the central nodule probably being a little transversely dilated). Transverse and longitudinal strie 21 (16 to 18 Brun) in 0,01 mm., the me- dian transverse strie more distant than the others. — Amphipr.? antarctica Gruy. in Cu. M. D. No. 125. Navicula Challengert Grun. A. D. p. 64 (1880). Stauroneis glacialis Castrac. Voy. Challeng. D., p. 25. Pl. XXVII f. 11, 1886? Amphipr. fragilis Temp. u. Brun. D. fossiles du Japon, p. 14. Pl. IX f. 14 (1889). Marine, pelagic: Antarctic Ocean! Japan, fossil (Bruy.). ‘ 2. T. membranacea Ct. (1873). Frustule membranaceons, rectangular, very slightly con- stricted, with rounded angles. L. 0,25 to 0,35; B. 0,07 to 0,125 mm. Central area indistinct. Transverse strie 20 to 24, longitudinal 30 to 32 in 0,01 mm. — Amphiprora membranacea Ci. D. of the Sea of Java p. 12, Pl. II, f 18. Marine, pelagic: Java! Sumbava (Kinker Coll.)! Colon (Deby Coll.)! KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. w:o 2, 25 3. T. solidula Cu. N. Sp. — V. strongly silicious, in the zonal view linear, with straight dorsal margin, curved at the ends. L. 0,19; B. 0,o2 mm. Central area indistinct. Transverse striae 14 to 15 in 0,01 mm., composed of distinct puncta forming undulating longitudinal striz, about 14 in 0,01 mm. — Pl. IIT f. 19, 20, 21. Marine: Rembang Bay (Debys Coll.)! 4, T. longa Ct. (1873). — Frustule narrow, rectangular, with parallel margins, not constricted in the middle. LL. 0,19 to 0,3; B. 0,025 to 0,036 mm. V. slightly convex, narrow, linear-lanceolate, acute. Wings distinct, on both sides of the median line. Central area large, transverse. Trans- verse striae 16 in 0,01 mm. Longitudinal strie about 28 in 0,01 mm. — Amphiprora longa Cu. D. of Arct. 8. p. 20 Pl. III f. 15. — Icon. n. Pl. TIT f. 8. Marine: Spitsbergen! Finmark! Greenland! Var.? gracilis Grun. (1880). — V. in L. 0,2 to 0,28; B. 0,016 to 0,o18 mm. Wings obsolete. Central area small, transversely dilated. Transverse strie 16 to 17 in 0,01 mm., longitudinal finer. Frustule linear, somewhat constricted, B. 0,028 (ends) to 0,021 (middle) — Amphipr. elegans v. gracilis Grun. A. D. p. 64. Marine: Adriatic (Grun.). 5. 'T. Lepidoptera Gree. (1857). — Frustule elongated, rectangular, strongly constricted in the middle. L. 0,12 to 0,20; B. 0,03 to 0,04, at the constriction 0,013 to 0,018 mm. Wings di- stinct, usually projecting above the central nodule. V. linear-lanceolate, with acute and frequently apiculate ends. L. 0,12 to 0,20; B. 0,018 to 0,022 mm. Central area indistinct, or small, and trans- versely lanceolate. Wing usually unilateral. Transverse strie 20 to 21 in 0,01 mm., finely punctate. — Amphiprora Lepidoptera Grea. T. M. 8. Vol. V. p. 76. Pl. I f. 39. D. of Clyde p. 505 Pl. XII f. 59 (mot. c). Rabh. a. Jan. Honduras D. p. 3. Pl. II f. 5. V. H. Syn. p. 120 PI. XXII f. 2, 3. Amphipr. quarnerensis Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 569 Pl. VII f. 1. Amphipr. mediter- ranea GRuN. ]. c. Pl. VII f. 3 (not V. H. Syn.)? Marine: Finmark! North Sea (Sweden! England! France!) Adriatic! Macassar Straits! King George’s Sound! Sumatra! Port Jackson! Galapagos Islands! Colon! Barbados! Var. samoensis Grun. (1880). — Frustule elongated, strongly constricted in the middle. L. 0,2; B. 0,05 mm. Wings distinct, not projecting beyond the central nodule. V. lanceolate, acute. L. 0,2 to 0,26; B. 0,03 to 0,037 mm. Central area indistinct. Transverse strie 15 to 16 in 0,01 mm. inside the wing, 14 in 0,01 mm. outside the wing. Wings on both sides of the median line. — Amphipr. Lepidopt. var. samoensis Grun. A. D. p. 65. Marine: Samoa! Tahiti (Grun.), Honolulu (Grun.). Var. proboscidea Cu. — V. linear-elliptical, apiculate. L. 0,075; B. 0,018 mm. Median line slightly excentric. Wing unilateral, at some distance from the median line. Central area small, orbicular. Striz transverse, 16 in 0,01 mm., faint inside the wing. Brackish water: Africa, Cameroon! Var. minor Cu. — V. in L. 0,08; B. 0,013, at the constriction 0,01 mm. Wing unilateral. Strie 20 in 0,01 mm. Marine: St. Lunaire (Temp. Perag. Types N:o 292 as T. Van-Heurckit). Var. delicatula Grev. (1863). -- V. in L. 0,064 to 0,075; B. 0,015 mm. Strie 26 in 0,01 mm. — Amphipr. delic. Grev. Edinb. N. Ph. J. XVIII p. 36 f. 15, 16. Marine: Cette! Woodlark Island (Grev.), Labuan! Amphiprora indica Grun. (Verh. 1860 p. 570, Pl. VI f. 18, Pl VII f. 2) resembles Trop. Lepidoptera but is described as having a row of puncta along the median line. Ihave seen no specimen of this form, which Grunow does not mention in his synopsis of the Amphiprore in A. D. — Amphiprora didyma W. Sm. (B. D. I p. 44, Pl. XV f. 125) has also puncta along the median line. This diatom may perhaps be a Nitztchia. K. Sv. Vet. Akad. Handl. Bd 26. N:o 2. 4 26 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. 6. T. approximata CL. N. Sp. — V. narrow, lanceolate, with acute ends, very convex. L. 0,2 to 0,3; B. 0,034 mm. Central area indistinct. Wing unilateral, close to the median line. Trans- verse strie 19, longitudinal about 30 in 0,01 mm. -- Pl. III f. 20, 21. Marine: Rembang Bay (Deby Coll.)! Macassar Straits (Grove Coll.)! Colon (Deby Coll.)! 7. T. adriatica CL. N. Sp. — Frustule narrow, linear, slightly constricted in the middle. L. 0,18; B."0,o25 mm. Wings indistinct. V. narrow lanceolate. L. 0,2; B. 0,018 mm. Central area small, transverse, narrowed towards the margin. Transverse striz 15 to 16, longitudinal 27 in 0,o1 mm. — PI. IIT f. 22, 33. Marine: Adriatic! 8. T. maxima Gree. (1857). — Frustule strongly constricted in the middle. L. 0,13 to 0,17; B. 0,04 to 0,07, at the constriction 0,022 mm. Wings very distinct, projecting beyond the central nodule. V. lanceolate, acute. LL. 0,22 to 0,24; B. 0,032 to 0,033 mm. Wing unilateral. Central area distinct, narrow, transversely lanceolate. Transverse striw 15, longitudinal 21 in 0,01 mm., a little more distant outside the wing. — Amphiprora maxima Grea. D. of Clyde p. 507, Pl. XII f. 61. V. H. Syn. p. 120 Pl. XXIT f. 4, 5. Grown. A. D. p. 65. F Marine: North Sea! Mediterranean Sea! Adriatic! Java! Macassar Straits (Grove Coll.)! Var. subalata Cir. — L. 0,15 mm. Wing not projecting beyond the central nodule. Trans- verse strie 19 in 0,01 mm., more distinct in the middle, punctate; puncta forming undulating, longitudinal rows, about 16 in 0,01 mm. Marine: Macassar Straits (Grove Coll.)! Var.? decussata Cit. — V.in L. 0,16; B. 0,024 mm. Transverse striz 15 in 0,01 mm., punctate; puncta forming fine decussating lines, about 19 in 0,01 mm. — Pl. III f. 24, 25. Marine: Seyshelles (Van Heurck Coll.)! Var. dubia Cu. a. Grun. (1880). — L. 0,072 to 0,09; B. 0,012 to 0,013 mm. Central area rounded. Transverse strie 17 to 18 in 0,01 mm. — Amphipr. maxima var. dubia A. D. p. 65. PL V f. 89. Marine: Finmark! It seems to be generally considered that there are wings on both sides of the median line, but so far as I have seen, on examining a number of specimens, there is a wing only on one of the sides. The wings of one frustule are diagonal. The following insufficiently described and figured species seem to be akin to T. maxima: Amphiprora oblonga Grev. (T. M. 8. XI p. 20, Pl. I f. 15, 1863), Amphipr. eximia Grev. (Edinb. N. Ph. J. XVIII p. 36 f. 13, 1863), Amphipr. Wendtii Wirt (J. Mus. Godeffr. H. I p. 69 Pl. VIIT f. 3, 1878). 9. 'T. sumbavensis Cu. N. Sp. — V. lanceolate, gibbous in the middle. L. 0,15; B. 0,03 mm. Central area unilateral, quadrate. Wing unilateral, very distinct. Transverse striz 19 in 0,01 mm. Longitudinal striz very fine. Marine: Sumbava (Kinker Coll.)! This form is evidently nearly akin to T. maxima. 10. T. gibberula Gruy. (1882). — Frustule rectangular, with rounded angles, constricted in the middle. L. 0,07 to 0,09; B. 0,017 mm. Wing slightly projecting outside the central nodule. V_ narrow, lanceolate, with subcapitate ends, ineequilateral, the broadest side having a gibbosity in the middle. B. 0,02 mm. Strie 16 in 0,01 mm. finely punctate. — Plagiotropis gibberula GRun. in Cu. M. D. No 809. V. H. Syn. Pl. XXII bis f. 12, 18. Marine: Firth of Tay! China (Deby Coll.)! 11. T. pusilla Gree. (1857). — Frustule rectangular, with rounded angles, scarcely constricted in the middle. L. 0,055; B. 0,012 mm. V. narrow, lanceolate, unilaterally gibbous. Central area indistinct. Striz 15 in 0,01 mm. — Amphapr. pusilla Gree. D. of Clyde p. 504 Pl. XII f. 56. Marine: North Sea (Coasts of Scotland! Belgium!) KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. n:o 2. 27 12. T. chinensis Cu. N. Sp. — Frustule elongated, with rounded ends, constricted in the middle. L. 0,14; B. 0,03 mm., at the constriction 0,018 mm. V. narrow, lanceolate, acute, unilate- rally gibbous. L. 0,14; B. 0,o2 mm. Central area transversely lanceolate. Transverse strie 18 in 0,01 mm., finely punctate. — Pl. III f. 5, 6, 7. Marine: China (Deby Coll.)! This form, which is somewhat doubtful as a species, resembles T. Lepidoptera. 13. T. semistriata Grun. (1879). — V. somewhat membranaceous, elongated, rectangular, slightly constricted. L. 0,075; B. 0,026 mm. V. lanceolate, acute. L. 0,09; B. 0,015 mm. Keel somewhat excentric. Transverse strive 19 in 0,01 mm., not reaching the margin of the valve where is a broad blank band. — Amphipr. semistriata Gruy. A. M. D. N:o 196. Icon. n. P. IIL f. 9, 10, 11. Brackish water: South Africa! 14. T. japonica Cu. N. Sp. — V. strongly constricted in the middle. L. 0,11; B. 0,02 mm. Wing projecting beyond the central nodule. Transverse strie 14 (wing) to 16 (keel) in 0,01 mm., not reaching the margin, where is a blank band. Longitudinal striz fine, about 30 in 0,01 mm. Marine: Sendai, Japan, fossil (Brun Coll.)! 15. T. elegans W. Sm. (1856). — Frustule linear, rectangular, not constricted in the middle. L. 0,18; B. 0,04 mm. V. narrow, linear, very convex and inequilateral. L. 0,2 to 0,27; B. 9,013 mm. Wing on the broader part. Central area small, rounded. Transverse strize 13 to 14 in 0,01 mm.; longitudinal striz 23 in 0,01 mm. — Amphipr. elegans W. Sm. B. D. II p. 90. Gree. D. of Clyde, p. 505 Pl. XII f. 58, 58 b. V. H. Syn. p. 122 Pl. XXII f. 1, 6. Marine: North Sea (Coast of Sweden! England! Belgium!) Mediterranean Sea! Adriatic! Var. Adriatica Grun. (1880). — Frustule not constricted, narrowed towards the ends. L. 0,17 to 0,30; B. 0,035 to 0,05 mm. V. in B. 0,018 to 0,02 mm. Wing distinct. Central area small. Transverse striz 13,5 in 0,01 mm. Longitudinal strie finer but sharp. — Amphipr. eleg. v. Adria- tica Grun. A. D. p. 64. Marine: Adriatic (Grouw.). Var.? Posewiteii Pant. (1889). — L. 0,108; Height 0,0225, in the middle 0,0175 mm. Strie 22,5 to 25 in 0,01 mm. punctate. — Amphipr. (elegans var.?) Posew. Pant. II, p. 56 Pl. X, f. 181. Marine: Hungary, fossil (PantocsEx). It does not appear very probable that this form belongs to A elegans. The figure in Pan- tocsEks work, although not clear, seems to represent some form of. T. vitrea. 16. T. Van Heurckii Grow. (1880). — Frustule nearly rectangular, not constricted. L. 0,06; B. 0,02 mm. On the broader side is a longitudinal band (wing?) forming a line, abruptly bent at about one third of the length of the value. Striz 22 in 0,01 mm. — Plagiotropis Van Heurckii Gruy. V. H. Syn. Pl. XXII bis f. 6 to 8. Brackish water: Belgium! 17. TT. vitrea W. Sm. (1853). — Frustule elliptical, truncate, very slightly constricted in the middle. L. 0,085 to 0,145; B. 0,03 to 0,04 mm. V. lanceolate, very asymmetrical. B. 0,012 to 0,018 mm. Central area indistinct. The broader side of the valve with or without a longitudinal band. Transverse striz 18 in 0,01. mm. — Amphipr. vitrea W. Sm. B. D. J, Pl. XX XI f. 270. Plagiotropis vitrea Grun. A. D. p. 67. V. H. Syn., Pl. XXII f. 7 to 9. Plagiotr. baltica Pritze: Bau und Entw. p. 94, 1871? Plagiotr. vitrea var. Lindigit Grun. A. D. p. 67. Brackish water: North Sea (coasts of Sweden! Belgium! England!) Atlantic coast of North America! West Indies! California! Var. mediterranea Grun. (1880). — Frustule nearly rectangular, slightly constricted in the middle. lL. 0,075 to 0,15; B. 0,015 to 0,02 mm. The broader side of the valve with a longitudinal, broad, indistinctly punctate band. Transverse striz 20, longitudinal 24 in 0,01 mm. — Plagiotro- 28 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. pis (baltica var.?) mediterranea Grun. A. D. p. 66. Amphiprora (Plagiotr.) medit. Gruy. in V. H. Syn. Pl. XXII f. 14. Marine: Mediterranean Sea (Grun.), Adriatic (Gruy.), Samoa (Grun.), Connecticut, Morris Creek! Var. scaligera Grun. (1880). —- Frustule scarcely constricted. L. 0,1 to 0,13; B. 0,025 to 0,045 mm. The longitudinal band with coarse, transverse ribs. Strie 17 to 18 in 0,01 mm. — Plagioir. (balteca var.?) scaligera Grun. A. D. p. 66, Pl. V f. 90. Marine: Finmark! The longitudinal band in this species appears to be subject to great variation. In the type it is always scarcely perceptible; in the varieties, it forms a broad band. — Amphiprora? superba Grev. (Edinb. N. Ph. J. XVIII p. 39 f. 17, 1863) represents probably a large form akin to T. vitrea. 18. T. seriata Cx. (1892). — V. in the zonal-view linear, with straight dorsal margin, cur- ved only at the ends, not constricted in the middle, very elevated and distinctly asymmetrical. L. 0,4; Height 0,04 mm. Transverse strie 12 in 0,01 mm. crossed by several, blank, longitudinal bands. — Cu. Diatomiste I p. 75 Pl XII f. 2 to 4. Marine: Connecticut! Colon! Jamaica! This species, evidently akin to T. elegans, is remarkable for its large size and the peculiar striation; the striz forming several longitudinal rows. 19. T. Zebra Cr. (1892). — V. strongly asymmetrical, lanceolate. L. 0,18; B. 0,03 mm. Central area indistinct. There is a broad, marginal band on the broader side of the value. Strie 5 to 6 in 0,01 mm. inequidistant, finely punctate, puncta 21 in 0,01 mm. — (CL. Dintomiste I p- 75 Pl. XIT f. 1. Brackish water: Newark, N. Jers. fossil from the »Champlain epoch»! Brazil, S:t nosis 20. T. samoensis Grev. (1880). — Frustule strongly constricted in the middle. V. in length 0,095 to 0,12; B. 0,023 to 0,027 mm. Longitudinal band very obscure. Strie 16 to 19 in 0,01 mm. somewhat more distant in the middle, punctate. -—- Plagiot. samoensis Grun. A. D. p. 67. Marine: Samoa (Grun.), West Indies (Grun.). 21. T. Kinkeriana Cu. N. Sp. — V. strongly asymmetrical, not constricted in the middle. L. 0,2; Height 0,032 mm. The broader side of the valve with a very broad band. Central area small, but distinct. Transverse strie 14, longutndinel 17 in 0,01 mm. — PL. III f. 1, 2. Marine: Sumbava (Kinker Coll.)! 22. T. lata Cu. N. Sp. — V. not constricted. L. 0,135; Height 0,035 mm. On the broader side of the valve there is a band interupted in the middle. Transverse strie 18 in 0,01 mm. punctate; puncta, about 23 in 0,01 mm., forming undulating, longitudinal rows. — Pl. Il f. 3, 4. Marine: Java, Rembang Bay (Deby Coll.)! 23. T. recta Gree. (1857). — Frustule rectangular, with rounded angles, slightly constricted in the middle. L. 0,08 to 0,09; B. 0,02 to 0,o28 mm. V. strongly inequilateral, without distinct wing. Transverse strie 21 to 24 in 0,01 mm. -- Amphipr. recta Gruc. T. M. 8. Vol. V. p. 76 Pl. I f. 40. Plagiotr. recta Grun. Cu. M. D. N:o 310. Amphoropsis recta Grun. V. H. Syn. Pl. XXII bis f. 9, 10. Marine: Firth of Tay! Var.? subplicata Grun. (1880). — L. 0,051; B. 0018 mm. Wing obscure. Transverse striee 17 in 0,01 mm. — dAmphipr. plicata v. subplicata Grun. A. D. p. 65 Pl. V f. 88. Brackish water: Sea of Kara (Grun.). 24. T. conserta Lewis. (1861). — Frustule membranaceous, rectangular, with rounded angles, slightly constricted in the middle. L. 0,08 to 0,10; B. 0,034 to 0.04 mm. V. lanceolate Keel with a number of coarse, radiate ribs, — Amphipr. conserta Luwis. Proceed. Ac. Nat. Sc. of Philad. 1861, Pl. I f. 5. KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. w:o 2. 29 Marine: Gullmarsfjord, Sweden! Atlantic coast of N. America (LEwIs.). This species, which I have found at Fiskebackskil (West-coast of Sweden) mong Zostera, is scarcely silicious, the frustules disappearing almost completely, if burnt on a glasscover. This very interesting species, according to Luwis lives in colonies, and forms curved fila- ments of 12 or more frustules. He figures such a colony in top-view, which shows that the frustules keep in contact by means of the wings. Other species, which perhaps belong to Amphoropsis are Amphipr.? paradoxa Grev. (Edinb. N. Ph. J. XVIII p. 41 f. 21, 1863) remarkable for its coarsely moniliform strie, and Amph. Thwaitesiana Grey. (1. c. p. 183 f. 9) notably distinguished by its strongly marked wings, which are striate, other parts of the valve not showing any striation. Dictyoneis Cx. (1890). Valve elongated, panduriform or lanceolate. Median line straight with the terminal fissures usually in contrary directions. Valve with double structure; the upper stratum finely punctate, with puncta disposed in decussating rows; the interior stratum irregularly reticulate with rounded cellules. Marginal cellules frequently later than the others, forming a row of false loculi. Con- necting zone not complex. The first known species of this genus is Navicula marginata Lewis. The larger marginal cellules of several species give to the valves some appearance of Mastogloia, in which genus seve- ral forms of Dictyoneis have by various authors been placed. In the year 1877 GRuNnow expresses the opinion that the marginal cellules seem not to belong to a separate plate as in Mastogloia, but to the valve itself and proposes a new genus for Mast.? reticulata and the allied species. In the year 1890 I proposed (Diatomiste I p. 14) for this genus the name Dictyoneis, founded on the peculiar structure of the valve. Unfertunately 1 have in that paper committed an error, as I then supposed the stratum with coarse reticulations to be the upper instead of the lower. The median line of most species of Dictyoneis i is straight and ends in terminal fissures, turned in contrary directions. The central pores are moderately distant, except in D. naviculoides, where they are very approximate. On both sides of the median line are narrow structureless zones, which are more silicious than the other parts of the valve and are united to the central nodule. The genus Dictyoneis is well distinguished from all the other naviculoid genera. Its syste- matical place is doubtful, as there are no intermediate forms connecting it with other diatoms. The structure of the outer stratum of the valve as well as the terminal fissures point perhaps to some relation to Pleurosigma. The species are all marine and belong to warmer seas. Fossil forms occur at Oamaru and in Hungary. This genus comprises forms, which are so closely connected, that the distinction of well defined species is very difficult, as is frequently the case with truly natural groups. Such charac- teristics as the outline of the valve, the coarseness of the reticulation etc. are very variable. Artificial key. 1 pis cellules larger than the others ..... a Se 2 , : . 38 : — — not — SS aaa ie Ge. ee ee od ce ag SB “9 { Valves panduriform. .. 2... 2 eee ee es ... .. D. jamaicensis Grev. , gs Janceolate’ 4.45. sop Eta Re ae Ra Ele Re Ld wes D. naviculacea Cu. Valve not constricted... 2. 7 we ew ee : J... D. Thumii Cr 3 { — slightly constricted : : . kee ee VAs — strongly. ....... ; ; a Stes ieee et?. 10, 30 Pp. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. 4 Marginal cellules of unequal size on sos .. « « D. panduriformis oe equal EP ny pime oF ae : alan OR Bly a 5. 5. Cellales of thes valve 9 in 0,01 mm. fa pen kae Gintite 9 o subconstricta Cu. ‘ie — iv — ee 2 - owe. D. Pantocseki Cn. 6. {Sermons a narrow, linear : 3 m Gane ses . D. rugosa Temp. a. Br. — broad “+ 4 cutasna wiles ae Tete. 5 finivecnd se a ae a i cellules about 5 in Oot mm. «~~. 0. wee D. marginata Lewis. — — 10 Pag ak ater .. . 4. . D. mastogloides Pant. 1. D. naviculacea Cx. (1890). — V. elliptic-lanceolate. L. 0,09; B. 0,23 mm. Central nodule very small, surrounded by a moderately large, orbicular area. Terminal fissures indistinct, turned in the same direction. Cellules of the valve of about equal size, 10 in 0,01 mm. Transverse strie not seen. — Cu. Diatomiste I p. 15. Icon. n. Pl. V f. 34. Marine: Pensacola, Florida! This species, of which I have seen one specimen only, seems to be extremely rare. 2. D. jamaicensis Grev. (1868). — V. strongly constricted in the middle with cuneate or elliptic-lanceolate segments and obtuse ends. L. 0,08 to 0,12; B. 0,024 to 0,032, at the constriction 0,013 to 0,02 mm. Terminal fissures in opposite directions. Cellules of the valve about 11 in 0,01 mm., obscure around the central nodule. Transverse strive 24 to 27 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. jamai- censis Grev. T. M.S. XIV p. 126 Pl. XII f. 23. Nav. tortuosa Luup.-Fortm. D. de Ceylan p. 34 Pl. IL f. 26 1879 ’Mastogloia? reticulata Peragallo D. de Villefr. Pl. II f. 10, 1888. — Pl. V f. 32. Marine: Mediterranean Sea! Adriatic! Red Sea (Van Heurck Coll.)! Ceylon! Sumatra (Deby Coll.)! Cebu (Grove Coll.)! New Guinea (Grove Coll.)! West Indies (GrREV.). Var. gigantea Cu. — L. 0,21; B. 0,045 at the constriction 0,022 mm. Cellules about 16 in 0,01 mm. Strie 23 in 0,01 mm. Marine: Oamaru, New Zealand, fossil (Grove Coll.)! — Pl. V f. 35, 36. 3. D. marginata Lewis (1861). — V. strongly constricted in the middle. L. 0,85 to 0,18; B. 0,024 to 0,044, at the constriction 0,008 to 0,o22 mm. Segments cuneate to elliptical, with ob- tuse extremities. Terminal fissures in opposite directions. Marginal cellules of equal size, 4 to 5 in 0,01 mm. Cellules of the valve 8 to 12 in 0,01 mm. The following forms may be distinguished. 1 { Marginal cellules forming a broad band .. ....~ . .. . Var. spectatissima. : —_ _— —_ TareOWe —) hts essa) tee et eae od 4s aE an oan we 2. Valve about 3 times longer than broad. . ... .. 00 Oe ee 3. 2 — 4 eo) SE SS OL GS SLE Rl ae te Var. intermedia. _— 5 to 6 — — eR ae Rae ay Gaieneciaa 4. Segments cuneate. . ©. ........ Gis cy || gat ts Var. typica. 3. — elliptic-lanceolate ...... bei ib fee cee Bs cry Sete het . . Var. Janischii. — elliptical with rounded ends... .. ....., » oe ee.) Var. Clevi. it O74 to Opie mnms: 6 oe ee a oe BOR GR PA ace ae Var. commutata. 4 ; T0518) MM ver ssa a ae OR a A RE RR ae ER BR Var. gigantea. Var. typica Cu. — V. about 3 times longer than broad, deeply constricted, with cuneate, obtuse segments. L. 0,085 to 0,15; B. 0,024 to 0,037, at the constriction 0,008 to 0,015 mm. Marginal cellules 4 to 5 in 0,01 mm., forming a narrow band; cellules of the valve 8 to 12 in 0,01 mm., forming irregular, transverse rows. Transverse striz 26 to 27 in 0,01 mm. — Navicula mar- ginata Lewis Proced. Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad. 1861 p. 64 Pl. I. f. 1. Nav. strangulata Grev. T. M. S, XIV p. 126 Pl. XII f 24; 1866. — Nav. reticulata Grun. Hedwigia VI p. 26. Mastogloia? reticulata Grun. M. M. J. 1877 p. 175 Pl. CXCV f. 4. Navic. Kossuthii Pant. 1 p. 26 Pl. XVI f. 120; 1886. Dictyoneis marginata Cu. Diatomiste I p. 16 1890. A. S. Atl. Pl. CLX f. 20, 23, 28, 29. CLXXXVIII f. 47, KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26, w:o 2. 31 Marine: Mediterranean Sea, Alexandria (Deby Coll.)! Levant (Grove Coll.)! Delaware (LEwis) Florida! West Indies! Colon! Gulf of Mexico! Java (Ari.) Fossil Szakal, S:t Peter, Hungary, (Pantocsek). Var. Janischit Castr. (1886). — Segments elliptic-lanceolate, obtuse. L. 0,1; B. 0,025 to 0,03, at the constriction 0,015 mm. Marginal cellules 4 to 4, 5 in 0,01 mm. Cellules of the valve 10 to 11 in 0,01 mm. Transverse striz 26 to 27 in 0,01 mm. — Navic. Jan. Castr. D. Voyage Challenger p. 29 Pl. XXX f. 5. Mastogloia reticulata var. japonica Brun. D. fossiles du Japon p. 72; 1889. Dictyonets marginata A. S. Atl. CLX f. 17, 18, 19, 21. D. marg. v. Jan. A. 8. Atl. CLXXXVIII f. 50. Marine: Madagascar (Brun Coll.)! Cebu! Java (Atl.), Japan (Atl.), Samoa (Atl). Galapagos Islands! Bermudas (Castr.) Florida! Campeachy Bay! Colon (Deby Coll.)! Oamaru fossil, (Atl.) Var. Clevei Brun. (1889). — Segments broad, elliptical, with rounded ends. L. 0,11 to 0,125; B. 0,042, at the constriction 0,013 mm. Marginal cellules 3 to 4 in 0,01 mm. — Mastogloia Clevei Brun a. Temp. D. foss du Japon p. 39 PL IX £18. D. margin. v. Clevei A. 8S. Atl. CLXXXVIII, 46. Marine: Java! Japan fossil and living, (Brow). = Var. intermedia Cu. — Segments narrow, elliptical. L. 0,12; B, 0,03, at the constriction 0,014 mm. Marginal cellules 4 in 0,01 mm. Cellules of the valve 10 in 0,01 mm. Transverse striz 24 in 0,01 mm. — Mastogloia Clevei Brun. A. S. Atl. Pl. CLX f. 34, 35. Marine: Nossi Bé (Brun Coll.)! Japan (Atl). Var. commutata Cu. — V. about 6 times longer than broad, gently constricted in the middle. Segments narrow, elliptical to elliptic-lanceolate. Ends obtuse. L. 0,11 to 0,12; B. 0,021 to 0,025, at the constriction 0,01 to 0,12 mm. Marginal cellules 5 to 6 in 0,01 mm. Cellules of the valve 12 in 0,01 mm. Transverse strie 25 in 0,01 mm. — Dictyoneis marginata f. elongata A. S. Atl. CLX f. 30. Marine: Manila (Deby Coll.)! Macassar Straits (Grove Coll.)! Sumbava (Kinker Coll.)! Cam- peachy Bay! Rio Janeiro (Deby Coll.)! Var. gigantea Cu. — V. as in the Var. commutata. L. 0,18; B. 0,044, at the constriction 0,o22 mm. Marginal cellules 4 in 0,01 mm. Cellules of the valve 9 in 0,01 mm. Marine: Oamaru, New Zealand, fossil (Grove Coll.)! Var. spectatissima Gruv. (1866). — V. strongly constricted, with cuneate, obtuse segments. L. 0,09 to 0,18; B. 0,03, at the constriction 0,013 mm. Marginal cellules broad, 4 in 0,01 mm. Cellules of the valve coarse, 8 in 0,01 mm. Transverse strizv 23 in 0,01 mm. — Navic. spectatissima Grev. T. M.S. Vol. XIV p. 84 Pl. IX f. 29. Dictyoneis spect. A. S. Atl. CLX f. 24 to 26, 32. Marine: Zanzibar (Grev.) Seychelles (Van Heurcks Coll.)! Campeachy Bay (Atl.), Campeachy Bank (Atl). 4. D. Thumii Cr. (1890). — V. linear-lanceolate, with obtuse ends. L. 0,11 to 0,15; B. 0,022 to 0,032 mm. Terminal fissures in contrary directions. Marginal cellules 4 to 5 in 0,01 mm., of equal size. Cellules of the valve about 11 in 0,01 mm. Transverse strie 24 to 25 in 0,01 mm. — Cl. Diatomiste I p. 15. Icon. n. Pl. V f. 33. A. 8. Atl. CLXXXVIII f. 44, 45. Marine: Red Sea (Atl.) Seychelles (Van Heurck Coll.)! Java! Cebu! China! Brazil. (Atl). D. Thumis is nearly akin to D. marginata var. commutata. The fig. 81 Pl. CLX and fig, 49 Pl. CLXXXVIII in A. 8. Atl. seem to represent intermediate forms, as also Pseudodictyoneis hungarica Pant. III Pl. I f. 8. 5. D. subconstricta Cu. N. Sp. — V. slightly constricted, with broad, elliptic-lanceolate segments. L. 0,055 to 0,083; B. 0,024 to 0,03, at the constriction 0,018 mm. Marginal cellules 4 in 0,01 mm. Cellules of the valve 9 in 0,01 mm. Transverse striz 23 in 0,01 mm. — Pl. Vf. 81. Marine: Madagascar! Cebu! Campeachy Bay! This form is nearly akin to D. marginata var. Janischii and is perhaps more correctly to be appreciated as a less constricted form of this variety. 32 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. 6. D. mastogloidea Panr. (1886). — V. strongly constricted, with cuneate, obtuse ends. L, 0,078; B. 0,024; at the constirction 0,013 mm. Marginal cellules about 10 in 0,01 mm. Cellules of the valve 14 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. mast. Pant. I. p. 27 Pl. XXI f. 192. Marine: Hungary, fossil (Pant.). This species appears, to judge from the fig. in Pantocsek’s work, to connect D. marginata, and D. jamaicensis ays 7. D. rugosa Temp. a. Brun. (1889). — V. narrow, about 7 times longer than broad, gently constricted, and with linear, subtruncate segments. LL. 0,2 to 0,225; B. 0,026 to 0,03, at the con- striction 0,013 mm. Terminal fissures in contrary directions. Marginal cellules small, 5 in 0,01 mm. Cellules of the valve obscure. — Mastogloia rugosa Temp. a. Brun. D. foas. du Japon p. 39 Pl. IX f. 20. Dictyoneis rugosa Cu. Diatomiste I. p. 17. A. 8S. Atl. CLX f. 33. . Marine: Japan, fossil (Temp. Br.). 8. D. Pantocsekii Cu. (1890). — V. gently constricted, with tongue-shaped segments and obtuse extremities. LL. 0,11; B. 0,034, at the constriction 0,027 mm. Median line with the termi- nal fissures in contrary directions and approximate central pores. Marginal cellules 5 in 0,01 mm., of equal size, forming an uninterupted marginal band. Cellules of the valve about 17 in 0,01 mm., arranged in irregularly undulating transverse and longitudinal rows. Transverse strie 25 in 0,01 mm. — Navic. mastogloidea Pant. II Pl. XXVI f. 887. — Dict. Pant. Cu. Diatomiste I p. 16. Marine: Hungary, fossil! 9. D. panduriformis Cu. (1881). — V. slightly constricted, with tongue-shaped segments and obtuse ends. L. 0,097; B. 0,027, at the constriction 0.019 mm. Terminal fissures in contrary directions. Marginal cellules about 4 in 0,01 mm., af unequal size, absent in the middle and at the ends. Transverse striz 20 to 21 in 0,01 mm. — Mastogloia panduriformis Cu. N. R. D. p. I Pl. If. 1. Dict. pand. Cu. Diatomiste I p. 16; 1890. Marine: Galapagos Islands! Pleurosigma W. Sm. (1852). Valve linear to lanceolate, more or less sigmoid, symmetrical. Median line sigmoid with small central nodule and the ends turned in contrary directions. Axial area indistinct. Central area indistinct or small. Structure: small puncta disposed in transverse and oblique rows. No lon- gitudinal lines. Frustule with narrow, simple zone, arcuate or not. — Cell-contents (of P. angula- tum) two chromatophores, indented at their margins. The median part of each chromatophore branches into a large elongated lobe along the interior of one of the valves, and into two similar lobes on the other valve. Division begins by a fissure across the median lobe. After the division of the cell the parts of the chromatophore migrate to the inner side of the old valves (O. Muuzr, Ber. d. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 1883 p. 478). The sigmoid Navicule were named Navicula Sigma by Eurenpere. Hassatt (A. History of Brit. Freshw. Algae 1845 p. 435) proposed for them the name Gyrosigma, which was adopted by Rapennorst (Die Siissw. Diat. 1853) but not by other diatomists, who preferred the newer name Plewrosigma formed 1852 by W. Smrru, who published the first monograph of the species (Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 2 ser. IX p. 1). The genus Pleurosigma, as accepted by all diatomists, includes forms with a structure of small puncta or alveoli, disposed in transverse rows, which are crossed by other rows, either longitudinal, or obliquely decussating. There are no intermediate forms be. tween these two types, and I think they may justly be regarded as different genera. For the forms with the puncta in transverse and longitudinal rows, I adopt the name Gyrosigma, although, KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. w:o 2. 33 as GruNow remarks, this name involves a tautology. For the forms with the puncta disposed in transverse and oblique rows, I reserve the name Pleurosigma. In Pleurosigma I also include such of the forms of the Grunowian genus Rhoicosigma, as have the same disposition of the striz as the true Pleurosigma. I have also included in Pleurosigma the Donkinie with decussating strie, The generic name Staurosigma may be abolished as it was founded in 1860 by Grunow for Ehren- bergs Stauroneis Sigma, which is nothing but a frustule of P. Normanii var. fossilis (Perag. Monogr. de Pleuros. p. 26). For the few asymmetrical forms of Pleurosigma Donkin proposed in 1858 (Trans. Micr. Soc. Vol. VI) the generic name Toxonidea. I felt at first inclined to include these forms in the genus Pleurosigma, but as such a change would be of little importance and the name Toxonidea is so generally in use, I have decided to retain the latter genus. Pleurosigma, as here defined, comprises a large number of closely connected forms and is not nearly related to any known genus, with the exception of Toxonidea. Among the Navicule some few forms (N. Placenta Euz., N. Quincunx CL.) have the same disposition of the alveoli, but in other respects they are different. The same disposition of the alveoli is found also on the keel of Amphiprora gigantea, and in a few Mastogloie. All true Pleurosigma-forms are marine. A few are pelagic in their habits. They occur in all parts of the world. The distinction of species is a matter of difficulty. Grunow has in his monograph (Arct. Diat. 1880) used as characteristics for the groups the angle at which the oblique rows of puncta cross each other. PrragaLto (Monographie du genre Pleurosigma, Diatomiste 1890—91) has adopted the same method, which I think cannot well be maintained as a natural arrangement. — Artificial key. L ia very slightly or scarcely sigmoid. . aca ae - : 2. sigmoid SS ee RE he peewee Sod ana OS 53 14. 9. co" line straight, central. ........ we Bly eR cece Tah A OBB — sigmoid SS a ee : Z ‘ , . 10. 3, = rostrate . . ay ae See daP calenhuiny Guest sea ede : 2 cuspidatum Cu. ? SMOG aie Gals wy 6 a eS ap hy in toad . 4. A ee oblique ees: more distant than the others... Se eon o sieedbene eas GRuN. — not _ _— Uy ee aes ee ee ee ae 5. 5, {Tranveree and oblique strie equidistant Soni as Unt macs see de oO) strie closer than the oblique eg ie. ote fe 6. ary rhomboid-lanceolate : a . P. directum Gruy. narrow linear-lanceolate . . P. nubecula W. Su. Ends with a lunate mark .. ..... ; . . P. Hudon Pant. 7. oe without — nn er ra 2 sa A 8 it! ip 28 8. Valve lanceolate... 2... .. 2... eee Sats .. . .P. galapagense Cu. es narrow, linear-lanceolate , 9. 9. eae strie 19 in Oo1 mm. «1... ... ; P. Peragalli Brun. — 28 _— 8: plat P. ibericum Perr. 10. gear oblique striw more distant fitun the vthers BM tdi Ree ORT Ae eee 11. — not _— _— _— ae F wom way 12, 11. es narrow-lanceolate ...... Be us a wits oe P. shi eadtateitin BREB. broadly go 4G Aon we Hs : kiBe Pee Be G P. hungaricum Br. «a. Cv. Ends rostrate. ........0.4. eRe. OES ‘ P. lanceolatum Donk. 12. — TOG! 6) ace BR Boe ce, Gime Genter s3 im cataesa ae MOS ster 13. | Ends acute... .«..... Be ecto utes 2.15 eu . . .P. pelagicum Prr. ie eS ObtuUse: 32. “wGoue gle a ea ee ae wee... PB. marinum Dork. Median: dine: central oe ceisk aa we SS Ae OE Se ee oye ay TB: 14, ee a OROONEPIC G. Sa go chr ee Sohlugae & ecw @ Ce Gch? Lewes Hedi na . . 80. 15 ee 14 to 20 times longer than broad. ........ P. Clevet Grun. (P. longum var.) : Lb. aE Sak a D. incurvata GREG. ee a ee 26. D. lineata Donk. D. discrepans A. 8. D. Papula A. S. . D. Vetula A. amt 31. ‘ ‘ D. binaria A. 8. ae ee ; ee ee ae) a ee 33. D. subcincta A. 8. D. exemta A. 8. de. Here hel es aot D. demta A. 8. Be SB Bes D. bombiformis Cu. se D. coarctata A. §. ose Gian tae ae ase Ae aide Bhs Bow 36. By aetap ite Gatien ti ete he cis ay A rl deren 50. fe Be ee wee D. areolata Cu Soria! ep RAs oh GE Aelia ee, kim rhrarlee iho 5 37. EAD dia Mop do car SUNG > ET eee, Ghee eB 38, Ss ghd tel Sh. Beets iM Obes ee eta abe & 45. Coal ta eg D. Clepsydra Cu. ek er a Boe Ae on 39. bo age aty eh. « a fi, Seer ae te = D. Prestes A. 8. ne Baa Sipe BOR seas gti am aa aR ete SA Ca) es 40. eg a tea D. splendida Gree. bcte OG O8 Se. eae aye Be i kaa Aly Zwiis REE SAE 2 D. Griindleri A. 8. int tpede elaileg: Dalghlid ae, as 42. GiB) Sh onb wee aia .D. Weissflogii A. S. iW ay Ghee i ase en oN 43. eratescas gana seteblart te ana) 44. . D. Kiitzingii Gaon. ae ep Ae Bee D. Bombus Eus. Po Me Ae Benet A oc . D. chersonensis Grun. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64, 65. 72. 73. { We ie oe ee tes le Nae me { { fee | ce { = i: ie = ! | ie ve se te ve te | | KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. i acts ribs 2 to 4 in 0,01 mm.......... — 5to more — Furrows si ead in Furrows foes in erent coste 6 — ll Transverse coste 9 — 138 Median line ending Furrows abrupt y the middle... ... ....., the middle. . aa woe eA to 9 in 0,01 mm. . Behe $ chtegs in Oo1 mm ........ far from the margin near — — : dilated around the sential Aadale: ove isis aes about 7 in 0,01 mm. Farrows broad narrow . Freshwater species . Marine = Hone neae ribs fe Beh? Le te — numerous Central nodule small . a eee ==) (Warge ss .4 os eee BP OS ny eee ribs wider than the coste . equidistant with — or closer Gesiteal nodule small — large. Freshwater species . Marine _ Ribs as close as the alte closer than Valve not or slightly conaunieved ou constricted Valve elliptical elongated with parallel, or slightly concave margins Furrows narrow....... broad Without ocelli . With, o¢elli se ese ce ws Furrows equally arcuate... ........4, bent around the central nodule linear Central nodule large... . — rather small Furrows = a an elliptical or lanceolate space BAND 26. n:o 2. . D. microtatos Pane. D. ne wa ee a Be 47. D. Schmidtii Cu. D. Entomon Eup. oe « 48; Boge eBook 49. D. bomboides A. S. . D. divergens A. 8. . D. didyma Exp. . D. chinensis Cu. 61. D. hyperborea Gaun: . D. vacillans A. 8. 54. 57. D. finnica Ens. 55. D. notabilis Grev. 56. i: Greffii Gron. D. fusca Gree. domblittensis Grun. 58. D. litoralis Donk. 59. 2. panceapns 60. D. estiva Donx. . D. elliptica Kira. .D. Parma Ct. 62. "Sie sO ee eee ae kS takin len large, orbicular space ........ Furrows fieabie Boo) 1S, Ae ate BAe a ee bo (Bee ae single Horns distinct. . . indistinct. . Horns divergent. © 6 6 0 ee ee eh D. approximate Furrows broader than '/, of the breadth of the valve narrower ‘Recttanaer species . Marine _ L. 0,08 to 0,06 mm. L. 0,08 to 0,24 mm D. biseriata Cu. (D. Crabro var.). : . D. Smithii Bris. Batts nla eS Sridevi has 66. D. advena var. recta. D. subovalis Cu. . D. borealis Grun. esi hs inte ga 68. eh th ee Eee eR Re Oe 69. D. mirabilis Castr. . . D. Platessa Cu. a. Grove. ak ee Ble 70. ar 72. Caseinjlotincss Dzsy. gs pele ee A Bn fie in Som a, He ies Gal eh cae 71. . . D. Debyi Panr. . . .D. major Cu. D. Mate Bron. D. nitescens Gree. D. Szontaghii Pant. D. gemmata GRrev. 79 80 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. 74, ee without ocelli . . ze oS ‘ Paes wipe ors 75. with os ; aX 2 iis ved Spaces toe at 16, 7h. eas narrow... . ; i. o- i(ié Ht D. dalmatica Grun. ! i broad. . ek ‘ : . D. Vespa Cu. 76. jOcelli ina marginal band ww ee D. Crabro Ens. \ — __ rows alternating with the coste....... Batihity - Gesenteeur ans 77, 77. oo broad fo a ekg a i. Simegis a .. . D. gemmatula Gron. narrow . . d we oi. th, dae os ae a 78. Coste 3 to 4 in 0o1 mm. . ; , ; D. vagabunda Brun. 78. — 5to6 — : Mes avhanvarckpes snl D. lesinensis Gron. — 7 — be Ae ome os a . . D. prisea A. 8. D. Hudsonis Gruy. (1892). — V. hyaline, elliptical, with more or less rounded ends. L. 0,086 to 0,05; B. 0,012 to 0,02 mm. Central nodule quadrate, its horns slightly divergent in the middle. Furrows forming a small, rhomboid, not striate, space around the central nodule. Parts outside the furrows striate. Strie fine, 24 to 25 in 0,01 mm. slightly radiate at the ends, finely punctate; puncta forming obliquely decussating rows. — Navicula (Diploneis?) Hudsonis (GRUN.) Cu. in Diatomiste I p. 77 Pl. XII f. 8. Brackish water: Hudson River! This little form is very remarkable and not closely connected with any other known species. It seems to be most nearly related to D. hyalina, but there are considerable differences. 1. D.? bioculata Gruen. (1881). — V. elliptical, with rounded ends. L. 0,02 to 0,036; B. 0,013 to 0,015 mm. Central nodule elongated; its horns close to the median line. Central pores distant, incrassate. Furrows broader than half of the breadth of the valve. Stria 17 to 22 in 0,o1 mm. not distinctly punctate, continued across the furrows to the median line, slightly radiate throughout. — Nav. bioculata Grun. A. 8. Atl, LXX f. 9, 10, 11, VII f. 49? Marine: Balearic Islands! Adriatic! Java! Port Jackson! Galapagos Islands! Var. vittata Cu. — L. 0,04; B. 0,015 mm. Central nodule very narrow; central pores distant. Furrow separated from the exterior part of the valve by a linear, broad band. Strive 17 in 0,01 mm., on the furrows punctate. — Pl. I f. 15. Marine: Ceylon! The exact place of this species is difficult to decide. The incrassated central pores recall those of Nav. forcipata, but nevertheless I believe it to be a Diploneis, akin to D. hyalina. 2. D. inseripta Cu. N. Sp. — V. lanceolate, subacute, convex. L. 0,065; B. 0,017 mm. Central nodule small; its borns close to the median line. Central pores approximate, incrassate. Furrows as broad as half of the valve. Striz 10 in 0,01 mm. continued across the furrows, not distinctly punctate, parallel, very slightly radiate in the ends. — Pl. I f. 17. Marine: Gulf of Naples! China! This species seems to connect the genus Cymatoneis, to which it has some resemblance, with the forms of the group of D. nitescens. 3. D. hyalina Donk. (1861). — V. hyaline, thin, elliptical. L. 0,045 to 0,076; B. 0,014 to 0,o26 mm. Central nodule somewhat elongated; its horns slightly divergent in the middle. Furrows much broader than half of the breadth of the valve. Strize 22 in 0,01 mm., distinct outside, fainter in the furrows, fading away towards the horns of the median line. — Nav. hyalina Donk. M. J. I p 1OPLI£6 B.D. p.5 PLIf1. AS. Atl LXX f. 15. Marine: Finmark! North Sea! 1 Var. of D. Crabro. KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. w:o 2. 81 4. D. coffeiformis A. 8. (1874). — V. broadly elliptical. L. 0,023 to 0,07; B. 0,01 to 0,033 mm. Central nodule quadrate to rectangular, with somewhat divergent horns. Furrows narrow, close to the horns. Stri# 8 to 10 in 0,01 mm., radiate at the ends, less distinct or imperceptible on the furrows, not alternating with puncta or alveoli. — Nav. coffeiformis A. 8. N.S. D. p. 88 PAS 22 PLAS 13 eel, VEL Ea Marine: North Sea! Gulf of Naples! Macassar Straits! Calif. Santa Monica, fossil (Deby Coll.). Var. densestriata A. S. (1881). —- Strie 10 in 0,01 mm. Lunule large. — Nav. coff. v. dens. A. 8. Atl LXX f. 54. Marine: Jamaica (Atl.). Var. subcireularis A. 8. (1881). — V. orbicular. L. 0,04; B. 0,034 mm. Striz 8 in 0,01 mm. — D. coff. subc. A. 8. Atl. LXX f. 53. Marine: ? 5. D. suborbicularis Grae. (1857). — V. elliptical with broad, rounded,ends. IL. 0,04 to 0,053; B. 0,024 to 0,o32 mm. Central nodule large, quadrate; its horns divergent. Furrows linear, closely following the horns, with faint continuations of the costz, or with a row of puncta. Coste 6 to 9 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. Smitha var. suborbicularis Gree. D. of Clyde p. 487 Pl. IX f. 17. Nav. sub- orbicularis Donx. B. D. p. 9 PLIf.9 A.S.N.S. D. PIIf. 21. Atl VIII f. 2, 3, 5, not 4. Marine: Davis Strait! North Sea! Corsica! Adriatic, Caspian Sea (Grun.), Ceylon! Mada- gascar! Singapore! Labuan! Galapagos Islands! Cape Horn (Petit), Brazil (Atl.), Gulf of Mexico (Atl.) North Carolina! Fossil: Hungary (Pant.), Sta Monica, Cal.! Between D. coffeiformis and D. suborbicularis there is no sharp distinction, the furrows being broader, the horns of the central nodule more divergent and the costz usually coarser in D. suborbicularis than in D. coffeiformis. 6. D. compar Jan. (1881). — V. linear, with broad, truncate ends. L. 0,05; B. 0,01 mm. Central nodule large, quadrate; its horns divergent at their basis. Furrows narrow, linear. Coste about 13 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. compar A. S. Atl. LXX f. 69. Marine: ? 7. D. advena A. S. (1875). — V. linear-elliptical sometimes slightly constricted in the middle. L. 0,08 to 0,1; B. 0,026 to 0,035 mm. Central nodule small, quadrate, its horns parallel, approximate. Furrow narrow, linear. Coste 9 in 0,01 mm., almost parallel, continuing across the furrow. — Nav. advena A. 8. Atl. VIII f. 29; XII f. 41. Marine: Cape Good Hope (Atl.), Madagascar! Java (Deby Coll.)! Japan (Deby Coll.)! Sand- wich Islands (Atl). Var. recta Brun. a. Hurr. (1893). — L. 0,1 to 0,12; B. 0,02 to 0,023 mm. Coste 7 in 0,01 mm. alternating with double rows of obscure puncta, about 14 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. recta Brun. a. Hire. D. d’Auvergne p. 90 Pl. II f. 3. Marine: Puy du Mur, Auvergne fossil (Br.). Morris Creek Conn. (Brun Coll.)! Var. sansegana Grun. (1875). — V. linear-elliptical. L. 0,053; B. 0,018 mm. — Nar. sanse- gana Grun. A. 8. Atl. VIII f. 27. Marine: Adriatic (Grun.). Var. parca A. S. (1875). — V. narrow, elliptical. L. 0,03 to 0,045; B. 0,016 mm. Furrows narrowed at the ends. Coste 10 to 14 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. parca A. S. Atl. VIII f. 20 to 22. Marine: North Sea, Samoa, Campeachy Bank (Atl). 8. D. subnuda A. S. (1875). — V. gently constricted, with elliptical segments. L. 0,076; B. 0,022; at the comtr. 0,015 mm. Central nodule small, its horns straight, approximate. Furrows linear, dilated in the middle. Coste 10 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. subnuda A. 8. Atl. XII f. 44. Marine: Mazatlan (Atl.). K. Sv. Vet. Akad. Hand. Band 26. N:o 2. 11 82 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. Var. densestriata A. S. (1881). — Smaller. Costee 11 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. subnuda v. densestr. A. S. Atl. LXIX f. 45. Marine: California (Atl.). ° 9. D. laciniosa A. 8. (1875). — V. strongly constricted in the middle, with rostrate ends. L. 0,033; B. 0,012; at the constr. 0,o076 mm. Central nodule very small; its horns parallel. Furrows narrow, not dilated in the middle. Coste strongly divergent towards the margins, 12 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. lac. A. S. At). XII f. 54. Marine: Java (Atl.). 10. D. congrua Jan. (1881). — V. linear, with broad, capitate ends. L. 0,06; B. 0,0136 mm. Central nodule small; its horns parallel, approximate. Furrows very narrow, slightly dilated in the middle. Coste 12 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. congr. Jan. A. S. Atl. LXX f. 66. Marine: ? This species is unknown to the author. The fig. in Atl. does not show the structure. Pro- bably akin to D. litoralis. 11. D. Cynthia A. S. (1875). — V. narrow, elliptical, with rounded ends. L. 0,05 to 0,075; B. 0,018 to 0,025 mm. Central nodule small; its horns parallel, approximate. Furrows broad, linear, forming a narrow elliptical space, a third as broad as the valve. Coste 7 in 0,01 mm., parallel, radiate at the ends, continued across the furrows. — Nav. Cynthia A. S. Atl. VIII f. 41. Marine: Red Sea (Van Heurck Coll.)! Seychelles (Van Heurck Coll.)! Madagascar! Java! Tahiti! West Indies! Var. elongata CL. — L. 0,13; B. 0,038 mm. Coste 13 in 0,01 mm. Marine: Java! Var. sibirica Cu. — L. 0,05; B. 0,017 mm. Costee 11 in 0,01 mm. Marine: Cape Wankarema! Var. minuta Cr. — Li. 0,035; B. 0,01 mm. Coste 15 in 0,01 mm. ~~ A. 8. Atl. VIII f. 28. Marine: Cape Good Hope (Atl.) Galapagos Islands! 12. D. mediterranea Grun.. (1875). — V. linear with rounded or cuneate ends. L. 0,053; B. 0,021 mm. Central nodule small; its horns parallel. Furrows broad, with a row of puncta. Coste 7 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. gemmata v. mediterranea Grun. in A. 8. Atl. VIII f. 42. Marine: ? 13. D. munda Jan. (1881). — V. linear, with rounded ends. L. 0,047; B. 0,015 mm. Central nodule very small; its horns parallel, approximate. Furrows broadest in the middle, gradually tapering to the ends. Coste 7 in 0,01 mm. marginal, not reaching the furrows. — Nav. munda A. 8. Atl. LXX f. 70. Marine: ? The coste are figured coarsely punctate, but nevertheless the general appearance of this species agrees most with D. mediterranea. 14. D. contigua A. 8. (1875). — V. linear, with rounded or subcuneate ends. L. 0,066 to 0,14; B. Oo17 to 0,03 mm. Central nodule large, quadrate, with parallel, approximate horns. Furrows very broad, linear, crossed by rudimentary costz or by a double row of large puncta. Coste 6 to 7 in 0,01 mm. ~- Nav. cont. A. 8. Atl. VIII £43. Nav. Thumii Pant. I p. 29 Pl. X f. 85 (1886). Marine: Japan (Deby Coll.)! Fossil: Oamaru N. Zeal.! S:t Peter, Hungary! Var. Zechentert Pant. (1886). — L. 0,072; B. 0,017 mm. Coste 8 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. Zechentert Pant. I p. 80 Pl. XIV f. 118. Marine: Hungary, fossil (Pant.). KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. w:o 2, &3 Var. Eudoxia A. S. (1875). — V. linear, with rounded ends. L. 0,07 to 0,085; B. 0,017 to 0,022 mm. Coste 6 to 7 in 0,01 mm. Furrows narrower, than on the type. — Nav. mediterranea A. 8. N. 8. D. Pl. ID f. 10. Nav. Eudoxia A. 8. Atl. VIII ¢. 40, LXX f£ 71. Marine: Morocco! Balearic Islands! Red Sea! Bab el mandeb! Madagascar! Ceylon! Gala- pagos Islands! Monterey (Atl.). Fossil: Szakal, Hungary! Var. Eugenia A. S. (1875). — V. with subcuneate ends. L. 0,06; B. 0,017 mm. Costie 7 to 8 in 0,01 mm. -— Nav. Eugenia A. S. Atl. VIII f. 44. Marine: Ceylon (Leuduger Fortm.) Macassar Straits! Campeachy Bay (Atl.). There is, so far as I can see, no specific distinction between the above forms, which I regard as belonging to D. contigua. They are perhaps all only smaller, and corroded, forms of D. yemmata: 15. D. circumnodosa Brun. (1891). — V. very convex and thick, linear, with broad, rounded ends. L. 0,1; B. 0,023 mm. Central nodule short and broad; its horns divergent at the nodule. Furrows very broad. Coste 7 in 0,01 mm., continued across the furrows as rows of three large puncta. — Nav. circumn. Brun. Esp. n. p. 33 Pl. XVI f. 2. Marine: Japan, fossil (Brun Coll.)! 16. D. Letourneuri Ci. N. Sp. — V. elongated, very slightly constricted in the middle, with broad, rounded ends. L. 0,07; B. 0.023; at the constr. 0,02. Central nodule elongated quadrate; its horns nearly parallel. Furrows very broad. Coste 9 in 0,01 mm. almost parallel, continued across the furrows, smooth. — Pl. I f. 18. Marine: Columbo, Ceylon (Letourneur Coll.)! 17. D. museeformis Grun. (1875). — V. gently constricted in the middle, with cuneate ends. L. 0,07 to 0,095; B. 0,03 to O,o4 at the constr. 0,024 to 0,037 mm. Central nodule quadrate, with approximate, scarcely divergent horns. Furrows !/, to 1/; as broad as the valve. Coste 4 to 7 in 0,01 mm., with faint continuations across the furrows. Var. placida A. 8S. L. 0,09 mm. Coste 4 to 4,5 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. placida A. S. Atl. CLXXIV f. 2. Marine: Galapagos Islands! San Pedro Calif. fossil (Kinker Coll.)! Oamaru New Zealand, fossil (Atl.). Var. genuina CL. — Coste 7 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. musceform. A. S. Atl. XIIT f. 42, 47. Marine: Campeachy Bay! Java! : Var. constricta Grun. — Ends rounded. L. 0,05 to 0,06; B. 0,018 to 0,019 at the constr. 0,013 to 0,015 mm. Coste 6 to 7 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. constricta Grun.? A. S. Atl. XII f. 65; LXIX f. 42. Marine: Balearic Islands! Sansego (Atl.), Seychelles (Van Heurck Coll.)! Madagascar! Sum- bava (Kinker Coll.)! Japan (Deby Coll.)! Leton Bank (Atl). Var. pusilla Cu. — V. slightly constricted. L. 0,02; B. 0,010 mm. Coste 9 in 0,01 mm. Marine: Galapagos Islands! This form is doubtful as a species, having very much the appearance of strongly corroded valves of other species as D. Beyrichiana and allied forms. Grunow mentions a form from the Caspian Sea in length 0,038 mm. and with 12 cost in 0,01 mm., which seems not to belong to D. musceformis. 18. D. constricta Gruy. (1860). — V. gently constricted in the middle, with subcuneate ends. L. 0,06 to 0,15; B. 0,023 to 0,03, at the constr. 0,02 to 0,o25 mm. Central nodule quadrate, its horns parallel, approximate. Furrows very broad. Coste 7 to 8 in 0,01 mm., very faint on the furrows, radiate at the ends. — Nav. constricta Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 535 Pl. III f. 18 (according to V. H. T 103). Nav. Musca Donx. B. D. p. 50 Pl. VII f. 6 (1873). Nar. Donkinii A. 8. N.S. D. Pl. I f. 12 (1874); ID f. 8. Atl. XID f 63, 64. Marine: Finmark! North Sea! Balearic Islands! Ceylon! Florida! 84 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. Forma minuta. — L. 0,035; B. 0,014; at the constr. 0,013 mm. Coste 13 in 0,01 mm. Marine: Madagascar! Var. distans Cu. —- Horns of the central nodule divergent. Marine: Norway! (L. 0,052; B. 0,02; constr. 0,018 mm. Coste 9 in 0,01 mm.) Hungary, Szakal! (L. 0,04; B. 0,016 constr. 0,015 mm. Coste 10 in 0,01 mm.) Galapagos Islands! (L. 0,032; B. 0,013; constr. 0,011 mm. Coste 12 in 0,01 mm.). 19. D. ineurvata Gree. (1856). — V. elongated, panduriform. L. 0,06 to 0,07; B. 0,013 to 0,017; constr. 0,01 to 0,012 mm. Central nodule small, quadrate; its horns parallel. Furrows broad, ‘linear, not costate or punctate. Coste 11 to 12 in 0,01 mm., parallel, slightly radiate at the ends. — Nav. inc. Gree. T. M. 8S. IV p. 44 Pl Vf. 13. Donk. B. D. p. 49 Pl VIT£ 4. A. S.N. BD PL Dt, 10, Ie UL f. 6, Marine: Finmark! North Sea! Morocco! Florida! Galapagos Islands! Cape of Good Hope! 20. D. interrupta Kitz (1844). — V. deeply constricted, its segments broadly elliptical to orbicular, with rounded ends. L. 0,029 to 0,072; B. 0,012 to 0,024; at the constr. 0,007 to 0,013 mm. Central nodule elongated, quadrate, its horns parallel. Furrows linear, narrow. Coste 8 to 12 in 0,01 mm., divergent, usually interrupted or not reaching the margin in the middle of the valve. — Nav. interr. Kirz Bac. p. 100 Pl. XXIX f. 93. Donk. B. D. p. 47 Pl. VII f. 2. Gruw. Verh. 1860 p. 531 Pl. V f. 20. Laesr. Spitsb. D. p. 28 Pl If. 6. A.S. N.S. D. Pl If. 8 Atl XI f. 3, 4, 5, 11; LXIX f. 24. V. H. Syn. p. 89 PL IX f. 7, 8. Diploneis didyma Eus. Abh. Berl. 1870 Pl. If f. 13. W. Sm. B. D. XVII f. 154 a’. Nav. Puella A. S. Atl. LXIX f. 25. Nav. interr. v. Nove Zealandie A. 8. Atl XII f. 12. Brackish water: Spitzbergen! Beeren Hiland (Lagst.), Kara! Finmark! North Sea! Baltic (Tornea to Riigen)! Mediterranean Sea! Red Sea (Grun.), Java! Samoa! Australia! Auckland (Grun.), Cape Good Hope (Atl.), Atlantic coast of America! Greenland! Arctic America! Franzenbad! Halle! Great Salt Lake! Var. Tallyana Grun. (1882). — Coste interrupted in the middle, outside the furrow. — Nav. interr. v. Tall. Grun. F. D. Ost. Ung. p. 150 Pl. XXX f. 59. Brackish water: Tallya, Hungary, fossil (Grun.). Var. zanzibarica Grun. (1875). — V. deeply constricted. L. 0,05 to 0,07; B. 0,02 to 0,033; at the constr. 0,009 to 0,017 mm. Segments nearly orbicular. Horns of the central nodule diver- gent. Coste 7 to 8 in 0,01 mm. (according to A. S. Atl. alternating with rows of puncta). — Nav. interr. v. zanz. A. 8. Atl. XIT f. 1, 2. Brackish and marine: Zanzibar (Atl.), Carpentaria, Australia (Atl.). Var.? Weisnert Pant. (1886). — V. less constricted. Li. 0,021 to 0,032; B. 0,01 to 0,014; at the constr. 0,012 mm. Segments tongue-shaped. Horns somewhat divergent. Coste 10 to 12,5 in O,or mm. — Nav. Weisnert Pant. I p. 29 Pl. XVIII f. 158. Nav. interr. var. fossilis Pan. IL p- 48 Pl. VI f. 112; Pl. XII f. 208, 215 (1889). Brackish water: Hungary fossil! Var.? Gorjanovicit Pant. (1886). — V. gently constricted, with elliptical segments. L. 0,022 to 0,036; B. 0,012 to 0,014; at the constr. 0,007 to 0,009 mm. Horns slightly divergent. Coste 8 to 12,5 in 0,01 mm. not interrupted in the middle. — Nav. Gorjanovicii Pant. I p. 25 Pl. IX f. 81. Nav. Heerti Pant. II p. 47 Pl. XI f. 195; Pl. XII f. 210 (1889). ?Nav. Gorjanov. var. major Pant. II p. 46 Pl. V f. 78.? Nav. suspecta? var. Czekehazensis Pant. II p. 44 Pl. IV f. 56. Brackish water: Hungary, fossil (Pant.)! Var. clancula A. 8. (1875). — V. deeply constricted, with almost orbicular segments. L. 0,036; B. 0,018, at the constr. 0,009. Coste 8 to 9 in 0,01 mm. not interrupted in the middle. — Nav, clanec. A. S. Atl. XII f. 33, 34. Marine: Australia (Atl). KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. wn:o 2. 85 Diploneis interrupta is a very variable species, and appears to graduate into D. incurra. The specimens in the deposits of Hungary are corroded, so that it is not easy to decide whether they really belong to D. interrupta or not. So far as I can see from the descriptions and figures, there is no difference between Nav. Wiesneri and Nuv. interrupta var. fossilis Panr. The same is also the case with the nearly related forms Nav. Heerii and Nav. Gorjonovictt Pant. 21. D. Guinardiana Brun. (1889). — V. elongated, panduriform, with narrow elliptical seg- ments. L. 0,08 to 0,095; B. 0,018 to 0,028; at the constr. 0,009 to 0,017 mm. Central nodule small, quadrate; its horns parallel, approximate. Furrows very narrow, linear. Coste 8 in 0,01 mm. smooth, almost parallel. -- Nav. Guin. Brun. a. Temp. D. de Japon p. 43 Pl. V f. 9. Marine: Madagascar! Sumbava! Macassar Straits! Japan, fossil (Brun). 22. D. Adonis Brun. (1889). — V. stout and panduriform. L. 0,1 to 0,125; B. 0,035 to 0,045; at the constr. (0,024 to 0,o28 mm. Segments elliptical. Central nodule large, quadrate; its horns divergent. Furrows narrow linear. Coste 5 in 0,01 mm. smooth, curved; strongly incrassate at the margin of the valve (or in certain focus alternating with a punctum). — Nav. Adonis Bruny a. Temp. D. f. du Japon p. 41 Pl. V f. 3. Marine: Mexilones! Iquique! Yedo, fossil (Brun). Var. gibbosa Brun (1889). — Segments deltoid. — Nav. Adonis v. gibb. Brun 1. ¢. f. 2. Marine: Mexillones, Peru! Var. Ganymedes Cu. — L. 0,07 to 0,1; B. 0,025 to 0,03; at the constr. 0,017 to 0,022. Coste 7 to 8 in 0,01 mm. Marine: Peru (Mexillones! Iquique!) Madagascar (Kinker Coll.)! Var. Oamaruensis Cu. — L. 0,045 to 0,05; B. 0,015 to 0,018; at the constr. 0,01 to 0,012 mm. Coste 9 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. Apis Grove a. Sturt. A. 8. Atl. CLXXIV f. 13. Marine: Oamaru, New Zealand, fossil! D. Adonis comprises a series of forms from the small var. Oumaruensis to the large typ- ical D. Adonis, which are doubtful as species, as they have very much the appearance of being corroded. 23. D. lineata Donk. (1858). — V. elliptical to linear-elliptical. L. 0,04 to 0,08; B. 0,019 to 0,o32 mm. Central nodule quadrate; its horns convergent at the ends. Furrows rather narrow, smooth, or with one to two rows of puncta. Coste 9 to 10 in 0,01 mm., crossed by a longitudinal line, smooth. --- Nav. lineata Donx. T. M. 8. VI p. 32 Pl. Df. 17. B.D. p. 8 PLI££8& AS. N. 8S. D. PL If. 16, 17. Atl. VII f 44, LXIX f. 31; LXX f. 67. Nav. adriatica Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 525 Pl. III f. 17. Marine: North Sea (Coasts of Scandinavia and England)! Mediterranean Sea (Balearic Is- lands, Gulf of Naples)! Adriatic! Forma pusilla Cu. — L. 0,032; B. 0,014 mm. Coste 11 in 0,01 mm. Marine: Galapagos Islands! 24. D. Vetula A. 8S. (1875). — V. elliptical, very slightly constricted in the middle with broad rounded ends. L. 0,05; B. 0,024 mm. Central nodule broad, quadrate, its horns parallel. Furrows broadest in the middle, gradually tapering to the ends. Cost 10 in 0,01 mm., crossed near the margin by a line. — Nav. Vetula A. 8. Atl. XII f. 49. Marine: Sansego (Atl.). 25. D. Papula A. S. (1875). — V. elliptical. L. 0,023; B. 0,01 to 0,011 mm. Central nodule small; its horns somewhat divergent. Furrows linear, narrow. Coste about 13 in 0,01 mm. crossed by one longitudinal line. — Nav. Papula A. 8. Atl. VII f. 45 to 47. Marine: Samoa (Atl.) Campeachy Bay (Atl). 86 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. 26. D. subeineta A. 8. (1874). — V. slightly constricted in the middle, with more or less distinctly cuneate ends. L. 0,06 to 0,092; B. 0,0235 to 0,025; at the constr. 0,02 to 0,o22 mm. Central nodule large, quadrate; its horns parallel or convergent at the ends. Furrows moderately broad, narrowed at the ends, with faint traces of coste. Coste 6 to 7 in 0,01 mm., crossed by a longitudinal line. — Nav. subcincta A. S. N.S. D. Pl ID f. 7. Atl. XIII f. 41; LXIX f. 32. Grun. D. Franz Josephs Land p. 56 (4) Pl. I f. 38, 39. Nav. didyma Laas. Boh. D. f. 4 a. Marine: Franz Josephs Land (Grun.), Kara! Finmark! North Sea! Balearic Islands! Adriatic! Madagascar! Monterey, Cal.! Fossil: Aegina (Atl.), Japan (Brun a. Temp.), Maryland (Deby Coll.)! St. Monica (Deby Coll.)! 27. D. discrepans A. 8. (1875). — V elliptical. L. 0,03; B. 0,011 mm. Central nodule broad, quadrate, its horns divergent at their basis, convergent at the ends. Furrows broad. Coste 11 in 0,01 mm., crossed by a longitudinal costa(?). — Nav. diser. A. 8. Atl. VIII f. 8. Marine: Campeachy Bank (Atl). Unknown to the author. The description is from the fig. in atlas and I am not sure if the longitudinal line across the coste really be a costa. 28. D. binaria A. S. (1875). — V. slightly constricted, with broad, rounded ends. L. 0,042; B. 0,022; at the constr. 0,02 mm. Central nodule large, quadrate, its horns parallel, approximate. Furrows very broad, not dilated in the middle, with double longitudinal rows of puncta. Coste 6 in 0,01 mm. crossed by a longitudinal costa. — Nav. binaria A. S. Atl XII f. 62. Marine: Java (Atl.). 29. D. demta A. S. (1881). — V. sligthly constricted. L. 0,116; B. 0,037; at the constr. 0,03 mm. Central nodule large, quadrate; its horns parallel. Furrows broad, linear. Coste 6 in 0,01 mm. crossed by a broad longitudinal costa(?). — Nav. demta A. S. Atl. LXIX f. 34. Marine, fossil: St. Monica, Cal. (Atl.). Unknown to the author. The fig. in Atl. does not distinctly show if the longitudinal band is, as here accepted, a costa or a row of ocelli. In the latter case this form may probably be placed near D. Pandura. 30. D. exemta A. 8. (1875). — V. panduriform, with tongue-shaped segments. L. 0,085 to 0,136; B. 0,032 to 0,042; at the constr. 0,026 to 0,03 mm. Central nodule quadrate, rather large; its horns parallel. Furrows linear. Coste 5 in 0,01 mm., crossed by a longitudinal line, on the furrows faint or reduced to puncta. — Nav. exemta A. S. Atl. XI f. 28, 29. Marine: Tamatave (Brun Coll.)! Tahiti! Kerguelens Land (Rae Coll.)! Campeachy Bay! Fossil: Oamaru, New Zealand! S:ta Monica (Deby Coll.)! Var.? crabroniformis Grun. (1875). — L. 0,083; B. 0,025; at the constr. 0,016. Coste 6 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. crabronif. Atl. XI f. 24. Marine: Gulf of Mexico (Atl.). Var. digredicns Cu. — L. 0,048 to 0,065; B. 0,022; at the constr. 0,01 to 0,o14 mm. Horns somewhat divergent. Coste 8 in 0,01 mm. Marine: China (Thum.)! Hungary, fossil (Deby Coll.)! 31. D. coaretata A. S. (1875). — V. deeply constricted in the middle. L. 0,07 to 0,1; B. 0,026 to 0,035; at the constr. 0,0136 to 0,018 mm. Central nodule quadrate, with parallel horns. Furrows narrow, linear, with a row of large puncta. Coste 3—4 in 0,01 mm., crossed by a longitudinal line. — Nav. coarct. A. 8. Atl. XI f. 30, 31, 82, LXIX f. 11. Marine: Campeachy Bay (Atl.), Cape Horn (Petit), Hungary, fossil (Pant.). This is a very suspicious form. The figure recently published by A. Scumrpr in Atl. (CLXXIV f. 22) has very much the appearance of being a strongly corroded specimen of D. Crabro var., or of D. Dirhombus, if that form be anything but a small D. Crabro. KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. w:o 2. 87 32. D. bombiformis Cu. N. Sp. — V. deeply constricted in the middle, with broad seg- ments. L. 0,022; B. 0,014 mm. Central nodule small, its horns strongly divergent. Furrows nar- row. Coste 8 in 0,01 mm. crossed by a longitudinal line. -- Pl. I f. 26. Marine: Macassar Straits (Grove Coll.)! This form may be a small variety of D. Bombus. 33. D. Clepsydra Cu. N. Sp. — V. strongly constricted, with almost orbicular segments. L. 0,07; B. 0,032; at the constr. 0,016 mm. Central nodule large, quadrate; its horns divergent in the middle. Furrows narrowed in the middle and at the ends, crossed by faint coste. Coste 7 in 0,01 mm. strongly radiate, alternating with single rows of alveoli. — Pl. I f. 29. Marine: Madagascar! 34. D. Praestes A. 8. (1875). — V. elongated, slightly constricted, with narrow elliptical segments. L. 0,07 to 0,12; B. 0,019. to 0,025; at the constriction 0,015 to 0,017 mm. Central nodule small, quadrate; its horns parallel. Furrows linear, moderately narrow. Coste almost parallel, 6 to 7 in 0,01 mm., alternating with rows of indistinct puncta. — Nav. Prestes A. 8. Atl. XII f. 57, 58. Marine: Gulf of Naples (Thum.)! Alexandria (Deby Coll.)! Red Sea (Deby Coll.)! Mazatlan (Atl). Campeachy Bay (Atl). D. Prestes is nearly allied to D: Guinardiana, from which it differs by somewhat. coarser costee and the rows of alveoli alternating with the coste. It seems to be very probable that D. Guinardiana is only a corroded D. Prestes. 35. D. Entomon (Eup. 1844) A. 8. — V. elongated, slightly constricted in the middle, with tongue-shaped segments. I. 0,072 to 0,15; B. 0,028 to 0,042; at the constr. 0,026 to 0,35 mm. Central nodule large, quadrate, its horns parallel. Furrows moderately wide, linear, forming a space of about a third of the width of the valve, often dilated around the central nodule. Coste 6 to 8 in 0,01 mm. parallel, at the ends divergent, anastomosing with a few (1 to 4) longitudinal, irregularly undulating, more or less distinct, coste. — Dipl. Entomon Eus. Berl. Ber. 1844 accord to Chase. Nav. Entomon A. 8. N. 8S. D. Pl. 1 f. 18, 14; Atl. XIII f. 48,49. Nav. bomboides var. media Grun. A. D. p. 41 Pl. TIT f. 54. Nav. bomboides A. 8. Atl. XTIT f. 38. Marine: Arctic America! Spitsbergen! Kara! Finmark! North Sea! Mediterranean Sea! Adria! Samoa! Sidney! China! Japan! Behrings Island! Mexillones, Peru (Deby Coll.)! Fossil: Briinn, Tegel! Bory, Hungary! D. Entomon is not a sharply defined species, graduating as it seems into D. splendida, with which many of its varieties are closely connected. 36. D. splendida Gree. (1856). — V. elongated, panduriform. L. 0,055 to 0,22; B. 0,02 to 0,05; at the constr. 0,015 to 0,o3 mm. Central nodule large, quadrate; its horns parallel. Furrows narrow, linear, not dilated around the central nodule. Transverse cost 5 to 8 in 0,01 mm.; crossed on each side of the median line by 4 to 6, slightly curved or undulating longitudinal coste. — Nav. splendida Grea. T. M. S. IV p. 44 PL Vfii4. V.H.S.PLIXf4 AOS. N.S. D. Pl. If. 3, 4, Pl If 2. Atl. XIII f. 31, 32, 34. Nav. Entomon Dons. B. D. p. 49 Pl. VII f. 5. Nav. didyma var. Grea. T. M. 8. IV p. 45 Pl V f. 16. Nav. gemmatula Cu. Quek. M. Cl. IT (2) p. 167 Pl. XII f. 1 (1885). Nav. Taschenbergeri A. 8. Atl. CLXXIV f. 9; 1892 (a large and coarse form). N. margaritifera Pant. III Pl. XXXV f. 494 (1893)? Marine: Greenland! Spitsbergen! Beeren Eiland! Finmark! North Sea! Ceylon! Madagascar! Java! Sumatra! Port Jackson! Japan! Sandwich Islands (Atl.). West Indies! Florida! Fossil: Moravian Tegel! S:a Monica, Calif:! 88 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. Var. Puella A. S. (1875). — L. 0,0636 to 0,106; B. 0,0166 to 0,026; at the constrict. 0,0075 to 0,o15 mm. Transverse costie 6 to 9 in 0,01 mm.; longitudinal 2 to 3 on each side of the median line, less distinct. — Nav. Puella A. S. Atl. XII f. 13; LXTX f. 15. Nav. exemta A. 8. N. 8. D. p 83. PL If 5 (874). Ath LXLX f. 13. Marine: North Sea (A. S.); Sorrento (Atl.), Campeachy Bay (Atl.), California (Atl.). Under the name Nav. Puclla A. Scumipt seems to have confounded different forms. The figs. 14 and 15 Pl. XII probably do not represent the same form as the fig. 13. The fig. 13, which I regard as the most typical, is evidently a small variety of D. splendida. A. Scumrpr seems also to have denoted two different species as Nav. exrmta. Var. diplosticta A. S. (1875). — With fine puncta above the reticulation of the coste. — Nav. diplosticta A. S. Atl. XIII f. 25 to 30; LXIX f. 22, CLXXIV f. 10 (no punctation visible). Marine: Campeachy Bay (Atl), Gulf of Mexico (Atl.), Java, Samoa (Atl.), Cape Horn (Petit). Var.? Haynaldii Pant. (1889). — V. slightly constricted. L. 0,091 to 0,15; B. 0,028 to 0,04; at the constr. 0,027 to 0,028 mm. Central nodule quadrate, with parallel horns. Furrows narrow, linear, with a row of puncta. Transverse costee radiate at the ends, 8 to 10 in 0,01 mm., crossed on each side of the median line by about 8 longitudinal, slightly undulating costee. — Nav. Hay- naldi Pant. II p. 47 Pl. XXIV f. 361. Marine: Hungary, Bory, fossil! The fig. in Pantocsecs work is not very clear. The above description is from specimens from Bory, which agree in all eventials with D. splendida, being only a little less constricted and having finer structure than usual. Var.? prominula A. S. (1875). — V. strongly constricted. L. 0,042; B. 0,019; at the constr. 0,013 mm. Transverse costee 8 in 0,01 mm., crossed by some few longitudinal coste. -— Nav. pro- minula A. §. Atl. XTIT f. 15. Marine: Kings Mill Island (Atl.). This form requires a more accurate examination before its true place in the system can be determined. Var.? élesdiana Pant. (1886). — L. 0,07 to 0,1; B. 0,026 to 0,03; at the constr. 0,02 to 0,028 mm. Segments tongue-shaped. Transverse coste 8 in 0,01 mm.; longitudinal numerous, about 8 on each side of the median line. — Nav. élesd. Pant. I p. 42 Pl. XVII f. 152. Marine: Hungary, fossil (Pant.). Baltjik, fossil! Russia, fossil (Deby). Nav. Margarita A. 8. (Atl. CLXXIV fig. 17) seems to be akin to var. élesdiana. I have not seen any form exactly resembling this, but I think it very probable, that the figured specimen would in another focus have very much the same appearance as some of the numerous varieties of D. splendida. 37. D. bomboides A. S. (1874). — V. panduriform, with subelliptical to tongue-shaped segments. L. 0,09 to 0,13; B. 0,04 to 0,055; at the constr. 0,03 to 0,035 mm. Central nodule strong, quadrate; its horns parallel. Furrows linear, somewhat dilated around the central nodule. Transverse cost 6 to 7 in 0,01 mm, crossed by numerous slightly undulating, longitudinal coste, about 6 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. bomboides A. 8. N. 8. D. Pl. If. 2. Atl. XIII f. 36. V. H. Syn. Suppl. B f. 19. Nav. didyma W. Sm. B. D. XVII f. 154 a*. Nav. Williamsonii V. H. Syn. PL. LX f. 3. Marine: North Sea! Alexandria (Deby Coll.)! Zanzibar (Atl.), Madagascar! Ceylon! Philip- pines! Sydney! China! Japan! Galapagos Islands! Campeachy Bay! Var. madagascarensis Ot. — V. short, slightly constricted, with broad, tongue-shaped seg- ments. L. 0,04 to 0,085; B. 0,022 to 0,043; at the constr. 0,02 to 0,035 mm. Transverse coste 7 to 9 in 0,01 mm., slightly radiate. Longitudinal coste almost straight, curved outwards in the middle of the valve. — A. S. Atl. LXIX f. 35 (small form). — Pl. I f. 29. Marine: Madagascar (Kinker a. Brun Coll.)! Cape Good Hope (Atl.)! Manilla (Deby Coll.)! KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. w:o 2. 89 Forma minor Cru. — L. 0,03 to 0,045; B. 0,015 to 0,023; at the constr. 0,013 to 0,o2 mm. Central nodule small. Transverse costz 11 in 0,01 mm.; longitudinal 9 in 0,01 mm. Marine: Tahiti! Madagascar! The f. minor may be the same as Nav. futilis A. 8. Atl. XII f. 17 from Zanzibar, but the furrows are not drawn as dilated around the nodule. Var. moesta A. S. 1881. — V. slightly constricted. L. 0,09; B. 0,034; at the constr. 0,029 mm. ‘Transverse coste 7 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. moesta A. S. Atl. LXIX f. 18, 19. Marine, fossil: Baltjik (Atl.). D. bomboides is very nearly akin to D. splendida, from which it differs only in the furrows which are slightly dilated around the nodule, a characteristic which seems to be variable. To judge from specimens from Bory Deposit in Hungary Nav. andesitica Pant. (1889, II p. 42 Pl. XXVII f. 390) seems to be somewhat corroded specimens of D. bomboides with rather closer coste. 38. D. divergens A. 8. (1875). — V. more or less constricted in the middle, with elliptical to tongue-shaped segments. L. 0,038 to 0,045; B. 0,018 to 0,02; at the constr. 0,012 to 0,013 mm. Central nodule small, quadrate; its horns divergent at the basis, convergent at the ends. Furrows linear, broader around the central nodule, forming a lanceolate space. Transverse coste 11 in 0,01 mm., crossed on each side of the median line by about 5 longitudinal, slightly curved cost. —- Nav. divergens A. S. Atl. XII f. 50, 51. _ Marine: Mediterranean Sea! Var. digrediens A. 8. (1881). — V. less constricted. L. 0,04; B. 0,019; at the constr. 0,017 mm. Transverse coste 13 in 0,01 mm. Longitudinal coste less distinct. — Nav. digrediens A. 8. Atl. LXIX, f. 26, 27. Marine: Tahiti! Baltjik, foss.! ° 39. D. Sehmidtii Cru. N. Sp. — V. slightly constricted in the middle, with broad tongue- shaped segments. L. 0,027 to 0,075; B. 0,011 to 0,038; at the constr. 0,0105 to 0,027 mm. Central nodule small, quadrate; its horns divergent in the middle. Furrows broader in the middle, narrower at the ends, with faint traces of the coste. Transverse coste 8 to 9 in 0,01 mm. crossed on each side of the median line by 3 to 4 more or less undulating longitudinal coste. — A. S. Atl. XII f. 48; LXIX f. 23 (small, but typical). XIII f 18, 19. — Icon. n. Pl. I f. 20, 21. Marine: Seychelles! Madagascar! Port Jackson! Tahiti! Galapagos Islands! This form is nearly akin to D. divergens. The fig. 18, 19 Pl. XIII in A. S. Atl. greatly resembles larger specimens of D. Schmidtii, but has not divergent horns. Nav. vana A. 8. Atl. LXIX f. 36 is probably also nearly related. 40. D. chinensis Cu. N. Sp. — V. slightly constricted, with broad, rounded ends. L. 0.055; B. 0,02; at the constr. 0,013 mm. Central nodule elongated, quadrate; its horns parallel. Furrows narrow, linear, not dilated in the middle. Coste 13 in 0,01 mm., alternating with single rows of alveoli, about 16 in 0,01 mm. — PI. I f. 25. Marine: China (Thum). 41. D. Grundleri A. S. (1873). — V. deeply constricted, very convex. Segments semi- orbicular to broadly tongue-shaped, often of inequal size. L. 0,04; B. 0,02; at the constr. 0,01 mm. Central nodule quadrate, large, with divergent horns. Furrows narrow, broader in the middle. Transverse costae 7 in 0,01 mm., crossed by 2 to 4 longitudinal cost, usually interrupted in the middle of the valve. — Nav. Grundl. A. 8S. Zeitschr. f. ges. Naturw. 1873 p. 407 Pl. VI f. 5, 6. Atl XII f. 35, 36. Marine: Balearic Islands! Bab-el-Mandeb! Philppines! Atlantic coast of N. America! Para River (A. 8.). K. Vet. Akad. Handl. Band 26. Nio 2. 12 90 Pp. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. 42. D. didyma Eus. (1840). — V. slightly constricted in the middle, with tongue-shaped segments. L. 0,05 to 0,09; B. 0,017 to 0,036 mm. Central nodule moderately large, its horns not divergent. Furrows narrow, linear. Transverse coste 8 to 10 in 0,01 mm., crossed by numerous, slightly undulating, longitudinal coste. — Pinnularia didyma Ens. Kreideth. p. 75. Nav. didyma W. Sm. B. D. XVII f. 154 a. A. S. Zeitschr. f. ges. Naturw. 1873 p. 405 Pl VI fi. 1. A.S. N. & D. Pl I ft ¥% Atl XI £f. 1, 2, 3. VY. H, Syn. p: 90 Pl. IX f 5,6. Suppl. B. f 20. N. Bombus Donk. Pl. VII f. 7 b, 8 b. Brackish and marine: Greenland! Spitsbergen! Kara! Finmark! Baltic (from Westerbotten to Riigen), Caspian Sea (Grun.), Black Sea! Ceylon! Tahiti! Japan! Cape Horn (Petit), West Indies! D. didyma is a variable species, related to the var. elésdiana of D. splendida and to certain forms of D. Bombus. The outline of the valve becomes less panduriform and almost ellip- tical as the water becomes less salt. The varieties in the northern part of the Bay of Bothnia where the water is almost fresh are almost elliptical and closely connected with D. domblittensis. 43. D. Bombus Eup. (1844). — V. deeply constricted, with suborbicular or elliptical seg- ments often of inequal size. L. 0,065 to 0,13; B. 0,022 to 0,045; at the constr. 0,012 to 0,025 mm. Central nodule large; its horns divergent in the middle, approximate at the ends. Furrows narrow, linear. Transverse coste 5 to 8 in 0,01 mm. crossed by 2 to.5 curved, longitudinal coste. Central alveoli distant from the margin. — Dipl. Bombus Eup. Berl. 1844 p. 84 (accord. to Chase). M.G. Pl. XIX f 31. Nav. Bombus Grea. D. of Clyde p. 484 Pl. IX f. 12. Donx. B. D. p. 50 Pl. VIL f. 7a. V. H. Syn. p. 90 Suppl. B f. 22, A. 8. Atl. LXIX f. 28, 29. Nav. gemina A.S8. Zeitschr. f. ges. Naturw. 1873 p. 405 Pl. VI f. 2. N.S. D. Pl If. 1, If 1. Atl. XIII f. 4,5, 6, 7, 8, 9. Nav. abnormis Castr. Chall. Exp. XXVIII f. 19. Marine: Finmark! North Sea! Marocco! Mediterranean Sea! Adriatic! Black Sea! Caspian Sea (Grun.)! Madagascar! Java! Japan! Samoa! Galapagos Islands! Cape Horn (Petit), Brazil (Atl.), Florida! Campeachy Bay! Fossil: Aegina (Ehb., Atl.). Var. egena A. S. (1875). — L. 0,038 to 0,047; B. 0,015 to 0,02; at the constr. 0,006 to 0,o12 mm. Transverse coste 8 to 9 in 0,01 mm. crossed on each side of the median line by about 3 longitudinal coste. — Nav. gemina v. egena A. 8. Atl. XII f. 10. Marine: Balearic Islands! Madagascar! Manilla! China! Japan! Var. densestriata A. 8. (1875). — L. 0,045 to 0,056; B. 0,018 to 0,026; at the constr. 0,011 to O,o15 mm. Coste 8 to 9 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. gemina v. densestr. A. 8. Atl. XIII f. 11, 12. Nav. didyma A. 8. Atl. LXIX f. 30. Marine: Marocco! Seychelles (Van Heurck Coll.)! California (Atl.). Var. bullata Cu. — L. 0,15; B. 0,047 in 0,01 mm. Horns with a row of large puncta. Coste 5 to 7 in 0,01 mm. Marine: Adriatic! Red Sea (Deby Coll.)! California! 44. D. Kitzingii Gruy. (1860). — V. strongly constricted, with deltoid-elliptical segments. L. 0,063 to 0,15; B. 0,03 to 0,085; at the constr. 0,014 to 0,035 mm. Horns of the central nodule parallel. Transverse costz 6 to 8 in 0,01 mm., crossed by numerous (8 to 10) longitudinal, almost straight or slightly undulating coste. — Nav. Kiitzingu Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 532 Pl. III f. 15. A. 8. Atl. XIIT f. 22, 23, 24. Panr. I Pl. XXIX f. 299. Marine: Balearic Islands! Gulf of Naples! Black Sea! Red Sea (Deby Coll.)! Cape of Good Hope! Bermuda (Rae Coll.)! Valparaiso (Atl.), Galapagos Islands! Fossil: Hungary (Pant.), Aegina (Atl). Var. bullata Cu. — Horns with a row of large puncta. Marine: Gulf of Naples! Red Sea (Deby Coll.)! D. Kiitzingii is very nearly akin to D. Bombus var. densestriata, but it is larger and the horns of the central nodule are parallel. KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. w:o 2. 91 45. D. chersonensis Gruy. (1875). — V. panduriform, usually slender, with subelliptical segments. L. 0,055 to 0,15; B. 0,02 to 0,06; at the constr. 0,012 to 0,03 mm. Central nodule with parallel, approximate horns. Furrows very narrow, linear. Transverse coste 8 to 13 in 0,01 mm., crossed by 2 to 5, not undulating, almost straight longitudinal coste. — Nav. cherson. Grun. A. S. Atl. XII f. 40, LXIX f. 21. Nav Apis. A.S.N. D. PL If 9. Atl. XID f. 18 to 23, 25. Marine: North Sea! Mediterranean Sea! Zanzibar (Atl.), Ceylon! Philippines! China! Tahiti! Galapagos Islands! West Indies! Florida! Cape Horn (Petit). Fossil: S:ta Monica Calif. This very widely distributed species is usually regarded as Nav. Apis of Enrenpere. I am unable to make out what this name, as is the case with so many others of the names given by EqRENBERG, may denote. Nav. Apis of Donxin (B. D. p. 48 Pl. VII f. 3) and of Scumipr (Atl. XII f. 16; LXIX f. 41, 43, 44) are unknown to me. Specimens from England in the collection of GRovE are identical with D. incurvata. D. chersonensis is nearly akin to D. splendida, intermediate forms being frequent. Such a form is the fig. 24 Pl. XII in A. S. Atl. and Nav splendida var. arata A. S. (Atl. XIII f. 13, 14, 16, 33, 35). To D. chersonensis belongs most likely Nap Hantkeni Pant. (II p. 46 Pl. VIII f. 150). On corroded specimens the longitudinal costz are less distinct and the transverse more or less fragmentary. Such corroded specimens form Bruns Nav. pedalis (D. esp. nouvelles p. 86 Pl. XVI f. 10; 1891. A.S. Atl. CLXXIV f. 14, 15; 1892), original speci- mens of which I had an opportunity of examining. 46. D. Weissflogii A. 8S. (1873). — V. strongly constricted, with subelliptical segments. L. 0,033 to 0,11; B. 0.014 to 0,035; at the constr. 0,009 to 0,025 mm. Central nodule with ap- proximate horns. Furrows not distinct from the other rows of alveoli. Transverse coste 7 to 8 in 0,01 mm., crossed by numerous equidistant, straight, longitudinal costz, curved outwards in the middle of the valve. On the middle of the valve the coste are slightly divergent and not, or only close to the central nodule, crossed by longitudinal coste. — Nav. Weissflogu A. S. Zeitschr. f. ges. Natur. 1873 p. 406 Pl. VI f. 3, 4. A. S. Atl XIT f. 26 to 32. V. H. Syn. p. 90 Suppl. B. f. 21. Nav. diversa Gruv. Ed. N. Ph. J. XVIII p. 186 f. 14; 1863.? Marine: Bab el mandeb! Madagascar! Ceylon! Singapore! Philippines! Samoa! Tahiti! Sand- wich Islands (Atl.), Gulf of Mexico! Florida! North Carolina! 47. PD. areolata Cu. N. Sp. — V. moderately constricted, with subelliptical segments. L. 0,18; B. 0,045; at the constr. 0,028 mm. Central nodule large, its horns almost parallel. Furrows linear, with strongly marked transverse coste. Transverse coste 4, in 0,01 mm., crossed by a few, slightly curved longitudinal costs, 3 in 0,01 mm., which are interrupted in the middle of the valve. The rectangular areole, formed by the two sets of coste are large and have in their middle one or two ocelli. — Pl. I f. 28. Marine: S:ta Monica, Calif., fossil (Deby Coll.)! 48. D. domblittensis Grun. (1882). — V. elliptical. L. 0,027 to 0,045; B. 0,015 to 0,022 mm. Central nodule large, quadrate. Furrows narrow, of equal breadth the whole length. Trans- verse coste 10 in 0,01 mm. anastomosing and thus producing more or less regular longitudinal rows of elongated alveoli, about 7 in 0,01 mm. No fine punctation visible. — Nav. expleta v. domb. Groun. Foss. D. Oster. Ung p. 156 Pl. XXX f. 60. Nav. hilarula Pant. III] Pl. XV f. 230 (1893). Dipl. domb. Icon. n. Pl. IT f. 2. Fresh or slightly brackish water: Sweden, Lefrasjin in Skane! Malaren! Domblitton, foss.! Gulf of Bothnia! Common in the Baltic deposits of the Ancylus-epoch! This form seems to be closely connected with D. didyma, of which it may be a non-con- stricted freshwater form. Gnrunow consideres it as connected with D. notabilis. 92 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. 49. D. elliptica Kurz. (1844). — V. elliptical, with broad and rounded ends. L. 0,02 to 0,037; B. 0,011 to 0,o2 mm. Central nodule of medium size quadrate. Furrows narrow, of the same breadth throughout. Transverse rows of puncta 10 to 18 in 0,01 mm. Alveoli 10 to 14 in 0,01 mm. forming irregular longitudinal rows. — Nav. elliptica Kitz. Bac. p. 98 Pl. XXX f. 55? V. H. Syn. Pl. X f. 10 (upper figure). A. S. Atl. VII f. 29, 32. Nav. elliptica var. minor Grun. Foss. D. Osterr. Ung. p. 145. Nav. ovalis W. Su. B. D. I p. 48 Pl. XVIII f. 153 a’? Naw. elliptica W. Sm. B. D. II p. 93. Fresh water: Iceland! Sweden! Finland! Germany! England! New Zealand! North America (New York)! Ecuador! Var. grandis Grun. (1882). — L. 0,065 to 0,13; B. 0,033 to 0,045 mm. Transverse and longi- tudinal rows of alveoli 10 in 0,01 mm. —- Nav. ellipt. var. grandis Gruny., Foss. D. Osterr. Ung. p. 145. Nav. prectara Panv. III Pl. XI f. 182 (1893). Brackish water: Hungary, fossil! Var. ladogensis Cu. (1891). — L. 0,06; B. 0,025 mm. Transverse cost 9 in 0,01 mm. irregu- larly anastomosing with a few longitudinal undulating coste. — Cu. D. of Finland p. 43 Pl. IL f. 9. Fresh water: Ladoga! Var. Ostracodarum Pant. (1893). — V. elliptical, tapering from the middle to the ends. L. 0,045; B. 0,027 mm. ‘Transverse rows of alveoli 6 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. ostrac. Pant. III Pl. IX f. 145. Habitat:? Képecz, Hungary, fossil (Pant.). 50. D. Puella (Scuum. 1867?) Cu. — V. elliptical. L. 0,013 to 0,025; B. 0,008 to 0,014 mm. Central nodule large, quadrate. Furrows narrow, of the same breadth throughout. Coste 12 to 18 in 0,01 mm. Alveoli indistinct. — Nav. Puella Scuum. Preuss. D. II Nachtr. f. 39? Nav. elliptica var. minutissima V. H. Syn. p. 92 Pl. X f. 11. Fresh water: Spitzbergen! Sweden! Finland! Berlin! Hungary, fossil (Grun.). This species, differing only in its small size and indistinct alveoli, is closely connected by intermediate forms with D. elliptica. Navicula Puella A. 8. is quite another form (see page 88). 51. D. Boldtiana Cx. (1891). — V. elongate-elliptical. L. 0,03; B. 0,o012 mm. Central nodule small, quadrate. Furrows of equal breadth throughout. Coste 14 in 0,01 mm. No distinct alveoli. — Cu. D. of Finl. p. 43 Pl. IT f. 12. Fresh water: Finland! 52. D. oculata Brus. (1854). — V. elongate-elliptical. L. 0,015 to 0,02; B. 0,006 to 0,007 mm. Central nodule small. Furrows very narrow. Coste 23 in 0,01 mm. Alveoli very small. — Nav. oculata Bris. in Desm. Crypt. N:o 110. Journ. Quek. M. Cl. 1870 f. 5. V. H. Syn. Pl. IX f. 10. Fresh water: France. 53. D. ovalis Hiusz (1861). — V. broadly elliptical, not constricted in the middle. L. 0,035 to 0,043; B. 0,02 to 0,o26 mm. Central nodule very large, rounded. Furrows very narrow, closely following the central nodule and its horns. Transverse rows of alveoli 13 to 19 in 0,01 mm. radiate at the ends. Puncta 13 to 20 in 0,01 mm. forming irregular longitudinal rows. — Pinnu- Jaria ovalis Hitsp in Rab. A. EH. 1025. Nav. ovalis A. S. Atl. VII f. 33, 34, 35, 36. W. Sm. B. D. XVII f. 153 a? Cu. D. of Finland p. 44 Pl. Il f. 13. Nav. elliptica A. 8. Atl. VIL f. 30. V. H. Syn. Pl. X f. 10 (lower fig.). Nav. Carpathorum Pant. III Pl. XVII f. 246 (1893)? Fresh water: Sweden (Lapland, Gotland, Billingen)! Finland (Russian Lapland)! Norway (Dovre)! Saxony! Alps of Switzerland! Australia, Daintree River! Var. pumila Grun. (1882). — L. 0,02 to 0,022; B. 0,008 to 0,085 mm. Rows of alveoli 16 to 18 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. ovalis var. pum. Grun. Foss. D. Osterr. Ung. p. 150 Pl. XXX f. 61. Nav. Parmula Brus. (according to Grunow). Fresh water: Hungary, foss. (Grun-), Baku (Grun.). KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. wn:o 2. 93 Var. oblongella Naautt (1849). — V. linear elliptical. L. 0,02 to 0,038; B. 0,0065 to 0,01 mm. Rows of alveoli 13 to 19 in 0,51 mm. Puncta 20 to 25 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. oblongella Nac. Kitz Sp. Alg. p. 890. V. H. Syn. Pl. X f. 12. Nav. ovalis var. fossilis Panr. II p. 51 Pl. VI f. 115 (1889)? Fresh water: Iceland! Finland! Paris! Koénigsberg, fossil! 54. D. notabilis Grev. (1863). — V. elliptical. L. 0,025 to 0,08; B. 0,02 to 0,035 mm. Central nodule large, quadrate. Furrows linear, arcuate, moderately broad. Transverse coste 7 to 10 in 0.01 mm. alternating with large, elongated alveoli, forming 4 to 5 longitudinal, undulating rows, more close towards the margins. Forma genuina — Rows of alveoli one to three along the margin and one along the furrow. Nav. notab. Grev. T. M. 8. XI p. 1879. A. 8. Atl. VIII f. 46, 47, 48. Forma expleta A. 8. (1874). — Rows of alveoli filling the whole space between the furrow and the margins. — N. notabilis var. expleta A. S. N.S. D. If. 20, 11 f.11. Atl. VIII f 49 to 52. Marine: North Sea! Mediterranean Sea! Black Sea! Red Sea! Ceylon! Madagascar! Cape of Good Hope! Java! Labuan! Sandwich Islands! West Indies! Brazil! 55. D. Graffii Grun. (1875). — V. elongated elliptical. L. 0,065 to 0,12; B. 0,025 to O,o42 mm. Central nodule small, rounded quadrate. Furrows broad, gradually narrowed from the middle and crossed by faint prolongations of the coste. Coste 7 to 8 in 0,01 mm., alternating with single rows of quadrate alveoli, 8 to 11 in 0,01 mm. and forming 7 to 8 longitudinal rows on each side of the furrows. — Nav. Greffii A. 8. Atl. VII f. 5, 6. Marine: Bab el mandeb! Seychelles! Madagascar! Manilla! Java! Sumbava! Labuan! Japan (Atl.), Samoa (Atl), Tahiti! Forma minor. — L. 0,06; B. 0,018 mm. — A. 8. Atl. VIII f. 33. Marine: Campeachy Bank (Atl.). This species seems to be intermediata between D. notabilis and D. fusca. 56. D. fusea Gree. (1857). — V. elliptical or subrectangular, not constricted. L. 0,07 to 0,14; B. 0,038 to 0,075 mm. Central nodule moderately large, quadrate. Furrows broad, gradually tapering from the middle and crossed by faint prolongations of the cost, frequently alternating with double rows of obliquely disposed puncta. Coste 6 to 10 in 0,01 mm. alternating with rows of more or less quadrate alveoli, forming more or less regular, longitudinal rows, equidistant with, to twice as close as, the coste. Var. Pelagi A. S. (1875). — V. rhombic-elliptical. L. 0,055 to 0,066; B. 0,035 to 0,04 mm. Central nodule large, rounded quadrate. Furrows broad, semilanceolate, crossed by rows of alveoli. Costes 7 in 0,01 mm. Alveoli 9 in 0,01 mm. forming longitudinal rows, parallel with the margins. — Nav. Pelagi A. 8. Atl. VII f. 25, 26. Marine: Campeachy Bay! Colon (Deby Coll.)! Tahiti! Var. nigricans Pant. (1893). — V. narrow elliptical. L. 0,25; B. 0,07. Transverse and longitudinal rows of alveoli 6 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. nigricans Pant. III Pl XL f. 552. Marine: Bory, Hungary, fossil (Pant.). Var. pseudofusca Pant. (1886). — V. nearly orbicular. L. 0,052 to 0,087; B. 0,037 to 0,066 mm. Coste in the middle 9 at the ends 13 in 0,01 mm. Furrows forming a large rhomboid space- Longitudinal rows of alveoli about 10 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. pseudofusca Panr. I p. 28 Pl. XII f. 109. Marine: Hungary, fossil (Pant.). Var. norvegica Cu. — L. 0,085 to 0,01; B. 0,045 to 0,055 mm. Coste and longitudinal rows of alveoli 10 in 0,01 mm. — WN. fusca A. 8. Atl. VII f. 2, 3. Marine: North Sea! Hungary, fossil (Deby Coll.)! Var. subrectangularis Cu. — V. more or less rectangular. L. 0,85 to 0,13; B. 0,037 to 0,056 mm. Coste and longitudinal rows of alveoli 8 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. fusca A. 8. Atl VII f 4. N. Smithii Donx. B. D. p. 6 PL If. 4. Marine: North Sea! Balearic Islands! Sumatra (Deby Coll.)! 94 Pp. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. Var. Gregorti Cu. —- V. elliptical to subrectangular. L. 0,17; B. 0,08 mm. Costz and longi- tudinal rows of alveoli 7 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. Smithii var. fusca Grea. D. of Clyde IX f. 15. Marine: North Sea! Gulf of Naples (Deby Coll.)! Var. delicata A. S. (1874). — Elliptical. L. 0,07 to 0,13; B. 0,038 to 0,os8 mm. Coste 7 to 10 in 0,01 mm. Longitudinal rows of alveoli 10 to 15 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. fusca var. delicata AS. N.S. DT t. 26. At VIL £1, 7, 8. Marine: North Sea (A. 8.), Adriatic! Sumatra! Hungary, fossil (Deby Coll.)! Var. tenuipunctata CL. — V. elliptical. L. 0,07 to 0,14; B. 0,032 to 0,o7 mm. Coste 6 to 9 in 0,01 mm. Longitudinal rows of alveoli 12 to 18 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. fusca V. H. Syn. Suppl. B. f. 24. Marine: Gulf of Naples! Sumatra (Deby Coll)! South Sea (Van Heurck Coll.)! Mexillones guano (Deby Coll.)! Var. Van Heurckit Cu. — V. elongated, very slightly constricted. L. 0,08; B. 0,025 mm. Cost 8 in 0,01 mm. Alveoli 20 in 0,01 mm. — Pl. I f. 19. Marine: South Sea (Van Heurck Coll.)! Var. subfusca Pant. (1893). — Narrow elliptical. L. 0,055; B. 0,017 mm. Transverse rows of alveoli 5, longitudinal 7 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. subfusca Panv.. III Pl. XL f. 553. Habitat:? »Isopallaga-Serges» (Pant.). Var. oamaruensis Cu. — V. narrow elliptical. L. 0,11; B. 0,03 mm. Central nodule elongated rounded. Furrows very broad, about a fourth of the breadth of the valve. Coste 8 and longitu- dinal rows of puncta 16 in 0,01 mm. — PI. II f. 3. Marine: New Zealand, Oamaru, fossil! Var. japonica Cu. — L. 0,11; B. 0,055 mm. Coste 6 and longitudinal rows of alveoli 13 in 0,01 mm. Furrows separated from the other parts of the valve by a row of foramina and crossed by transverse single rows of large puncta. -- Pl. I f. 23. Marine: Sendai, Japan, fossil (Tempére). Nav. preflua Pant. (IIT Pl. XV f. 232) appears to be a form of D. fusca. 57. D. wstiva Donk. (1858). — V. elliptical. L. 0,037 to 0,065; B. 0,018 to 0,038 mm. Central nodule large, elongated. Furrows narrow of equal breadth throughout. Costz 8 to 12 in 0,o1 mm. Alveoli of equal or double number in 0,01 mm. — Nav. estiva Donx. T. M. S. VI p. 32 Pl. TI f 18. B.D. p.6 PLIf. 3. A. 8S. Atl. VIL f. 8, 10, 11; VIII f. 26, 31. Forma a. Coste and alveoli of equal number. Marine: Singapore (coste and alveoli 9 in 0,01 mm.), Manilla (c. a. alv. 10 in 0,01 mm.), Colon (c. a. alv. 12 in 0,01 mm.) all in Deby Coll.! Forma 8. Alveoli twice as close as the coste. Marine: West coast of Sweden (L. 0,04 mm. Coste 12 in 0,01 mm.), Sumatra (L, 0,06 mm. Costee 8 in 0,01 mm. Deby Coll.)! 58. D. litoralis Donk. (1870). — V. elliptical. L. 0,027 to 0,07; B. 0,015 to 0,033 mm. Central nodule small, elongated, rounded rectangular. Furrows very narrow, parallel and close to the horns. Costz 11 (typical) to 14 in 0,01 mm. Alveoli 22 (typical) to more in 0,01 mm., forming longitudinal rows. — Nav. litoralis Donx. B. D. p. 5 Pl. I f. 2. V. H. Syn. Suppl. B.-f. 25. A. 8S. Atl. VIII f. 23 to 25. Nav. litor. var. subtilis A. S. N.S. D. Pl. I f: 24, 25. Nav. Ovulum Gruy. Verh. 1860 p. 519 Pl. III f. 19? Marine: Arctic America! Finmark! North Sea! Sea of Kara! Cape Deschneff! Adriatic! Java! Tahiti! Port Jackson! West Indies! Var. hospes A. 8. (1875). — V. subhexagonal. L. 0,05; B. 0,023 mm. Coste 11, alveoli 13 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. hospes A. 8. Atl. VIII f. 32. Marine: Samoa (Atl.), Java! KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. w:o 2. 95 59. D. hyperborea Grun. (1860). — V. elliptical. L. 0,1; B. 0,049 mm. Furrows abruptly bent around the large central nodule. Coste 7 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. hyperborea Grun. Verh. 1860 p- 531 Pl. ITT f. 16. Nav. propingua A. 8. Atl. VII f. 13? Marine: Bohuslin, Sweden (Grun.). Var. excisa A. 8. (1874). — V. slightly constricted in the middle. L. 0,09; B. 0,03 mm. Coste 9 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. fusca var. excisa A. S. N. 8. D. ID f. 9. Marine: North Sea (Atl). 60. D. vacillans A. S. (1875). — V. elongated elliptical,’ constricted, or not constricted. L. 0,04 to 0,06; B. 0,014 to 0,016 mm. Furrows dilated in the middle, forming in the middle ot the valve a lanceolate space. Coste 9 to 14, alveoli 15 to 21 in 0,01 mm. Alveoli forming longi- tudinal rows parallel with the margins of the areas. Forma a. YV. constricted in the middle. — Nav. vacillans A. 8S. Atl. VIII f. 61; XIT f. 42, 43, 52, 53. Marine: Ceylon (Leuduger Fortm.) Rodriguez! Cape Good Hope (Atl.), Japan (Atl.), Samoa (Atl.), Sandwich Island (Atl.), Cape Horn (Petit), Campeachy Bank (Atl.), California (Atl). Forma 8. YV. not constricted in the middle. — A. 8. Atl. VU f. 34, 35, 36. — Nav. parca var. producta Panr. IT p. 52 Pl. VIII f. 148 (1889). Marine: North Sea (Atl.), Marocco! Balearic Islands! Macassar Straits! Colon (Deby Coll.)! Campeachy Bay (Atl.). Var. delicatula Cu. — not constricted. Striz 13 to 14 in 0,01 mm. — A. 8. Atl. VIII f. 37. Marine: Cape Good Hope (Atl.). Var. renitens A. 8. (1875). — V. strongly constricted. L. 0,05; B. 0,018 mm. Coste 10 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. vacill. v. renitens A. S. Atl. XII f. 55. Marine: Celebes (Atl.). Var. corsicana Grun. (1878). — V. slightly constricted. L. 0,065; B. 0,022 mm. Coste 8, alveoli 18 in 0,01 mm. — Cl. M. D. Neo 153. Marine: Corsica! Seychelles (Van Heurck Coll.)! Campeachy Bay! Var.? minuta Grun. (1880). — V. slightly constricted. L. 0,014 to 0,02; B. 0,0045 mm. Coste about 16 in 0,01 mm.. — Nav. vacillans f. minuta (N. Pfitzeriana O. W.) V. H. Syn. p. 90 Pl. Ix £. 9. Marine: Belgium (V. H.). 61. D. Parma Ct. (1891). — V. broadly elliptical. LL. 0,03; B. 0,o2 mm. Central nodule moderately large, rounded quadrate. Furrows arcuate, equally bent, approximate to the horns. Coste 14 in 0,01 mm. Alveoli 20 in 0,01 mm., forming longitudinal rows. -- Cu. D. of Finland p. 43 Pl. II f. 10. . Fresh water: Sweden, Lake Rosslingen i Kalmar Lin! Finland, Abo, Viando! Similar to D. finnica but only half the size and with cost and alveoli twice as close. 62. D. finnica Exp. (1838) Cu. — V. broadly elliptical. L. 0,05 to 0,055; B. 0,034 to 0,036 mm. Central nodule small, elongated. Furrows broad, with arcuate exterior margins enclosing a large, lanceolate space, about one third of the valve. Coste 7 in 0,01 mm. Alveoli 12 in 0,01 mm. forming longitudinal or near the margin obliquely decussating rows. — Coccon. finmica Eup. Inf. p. 194. M. G. XVI, 2 £19. D. finnica Cu. D. of Finland p. 43 Pl. IT f. 11. Fresh water: Sweden, Lake Roslingen! Degerndés in Westerbotten, fossil! Finland! U. States Albany, Maine, fossil! Crane Pond, fossil! Canada, fossil! 63. D. microtatos Pant. (1886). — V. orbicular. L. and B. 0,034 to 0,04 mm. Central nodule large, not sharply defined. Median line with distant central pores, and ending at a consi- derable distance from the margin. Furrows broad; their outer margins enclosing an elliptical 96 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF NAVICULOID DIATOMS. space, half as broad as the valve and crossed by somewhat radiate rows of alveoli. Rows of alveoli 8 in 0,01 mm. Alveoli 8 in 0,01 mm. —- Nav. microtatos Pant. I p. 27 Pl. IX f. 80. Marine: Szakol, Hungary, foss.! South Naparina, Trinidad, foss. (Deby Coll.)! Var. Christianii T. C. — L. 0.045; B. 0,04 mm. Median rows of the alveoli at the margin alternately longer and shorter, 11 in 0,01 mm. — Raphidodiscus Marylandica, Christiani and Febigerii T. C. Microscope 1889, according to Wolle D. of N. Am. Pl. LXXXIV f. 1 to 4. Icon. n. Pl. I f. 1. Marine: Cambridge, Maryland, fossil (Deby Coll.)! 64. D. Smithii Brie. (1856). — V. elliptical. L. 0,027 to 0,05; B. 0,015 to 0,035 mm. Central nodule small. Terminal nodules close to the ends. Furrows narrow, close to the horns. Coste 7 to 11 in 0,11 mm. alternating with double rows of alveoli disposed in obliquely decussa- ting lines. twice or more as close as the coste. — Nav. elliptica W. Su. B. D. I p. 48 Pl. XVII f. 1524. N. Smithii Bris. in W. Su. B. D. II p. 92. WN. Smithii v. borealis f. minor Grun. Franz Josephs Land D. Pl. 1 f. 41. N. Smitha A. S. Atl. VII f. 16,17. N.S. D. If. 19.? N. Scutellum V. H. Syn. Pl IX f. 11.2 Nav. Smithii var. levis Dannf. Baltic D. p. 30 Pl. II f. 15. Marine and brackish: Franz Josephs Land (Grun.), Spitzbergen! Sea of Kara! Finmark! Baltic! Gulf of Bothnia! North Sea! Mediterranean Sea! Madagascar! Seychelles! Tasmania! Java! New Zealand! Colon! Campeachy Bay! Nav. Déczyi (Pant. IL p. 45 Pl. XIV f. 247, 1889) from Bremia in Hungary, seems to be a finely costate variety of D. Smithii. Its length is 0,052 and its breadth 0,017 mm. The coste are 14 to 16,5 in 0,01 mm. and are described as indistinctly punctate. 65. D. subovalis Cu. N. Sp. — V. elliptical. L. 0,38; B. 0,019 mm. Central nodule large, rounded. Furrows narrow, closely following the central nodule and its horns. Coste 10 in 0,01 mm., alternating with double rows of alveoli, forming oblique lines, about 18 in 0,01 mm. — i ae Os ae Fresh water: New Zeeland, Paeroa. This form resembles D. ovalis in its shape and large central nodule, but has the structure of D. Smithii. 66. D. borealis Grun. (1884). — V. elongate-elliptical. L. 0,65 to 0,078; B. 0,025 to 0,o265 mm. Central nodule elongated. Furrows narrow, dilated around the central nodule and crossed by costz, interrupted by a longitudinal band. Coste 10 in 0,01 mm., alternating with rows of alveoli, forming oblique longitudinal lines, about 24 in 0,01 mm. — ‘Naw. Smithit var. borealis GRun. Franz Josephs Land D. p. 56 (4) Pl. I f. 40. Nav. fusca Donx. B. D. Pl. I f. 5.? Marine: Franz Josephs Land (Grun.), Matotschin Sharr, Sea of Kara! Gullmarefjord! Java (var. L. 0,042; B. 0,017 mm. Coste 8 puncta 17 in 0,01 mm.). Var. subconstricta Cu. — V. slightly constricted in the middle. L. 0,58; B. 0,02 mm. Coste 10, alveoli 24 in 0,o1 mm. Furrows narrow, the coste not interrupted by a longitudinal band. Marine: Campeachy Bay! This form resembles D. vacillans, from which it differs by the alveoli forming oblique rows. The fig. 14 and 15 Pl. VII in A. S. Atl. seem to belong to D. borealis. 67. D. major Cu. N. Sp. — V. elliptical. L. 0,07 to 0,17; B. 0,037 to 0,06 mm. Central nodule large, rounded quadrate. Terminal nodules distant from the ends. Furrows rather broad; their outer margins enclosing a space 1/, to '/, as broad as the valve, crossed by costee and double rows of alveoli. Coste 5 to 7 in 0,01 mm. alternating with double rows of alveoli, 7 to 15 in 0,01 mm., forming oblique lines. — Nav. Smithii A. S. Atl. VII f. 19° (typical)! 22, 21, 18. YV. HE. Syn. Pl. IX f. 12. Suppl. Pl. B. f. 23. Marine: North Sea! Marocco! Barcelona! Madagascar! Macassar Straits! Sumatra! China! Japan! Australia! S:ta Monica, Calif. fossil! Colon! KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. w:o 2. 97 Var. permagna Pant. (1889). — V, elliptical, very large. L. 0,014 to 0,2; B. 0,075 mm. Coste 4,5 to 5 in 0,01 mm. alternating with double rows of alveoli, about 9 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. fusca var. permagna Pant. II p. 46. Marine: Bory, Hungary, fossil! D. major is usually considered as a larger form of D. Smithii, with which it is intimately connected. Still I find it desirable to separate. them, as the structure of D. major is much coarser. 68. D. Platessa Cu. and Grove. N. Sp. — V. broadly elliptical-lanceolate. L. 0,06; B. 0,045 mm. Central nodule rounded-quadrate. Furrows very broad, their outer margins enclosing a lan- ceolate space 3/, as broad as the valve and crossed by coste. Coste 7 to 8 in 0,01 mm., alternating with double rows of alveoli (16 in 0,01 mm.) forming obliquely decussating lines. — Pl. II f. 6. Marine: Manilla (Deby Coll.)! Macassar Straits (Grove Coll.)! 69. D. mirabilis Casrr. (1886). — V. elliptical-orbicular. L. 0,065 to 0,09; B. 0,055 to 0,oc2 mm. Central nodule moderately large, quadrate. Furrows very broad, double, the outer margins of the exterior enclosing a broadly lanceolate space, about 3/, as broad as the valve. The interior furrows are crossed by coste, the exterior of costs, alternating with double rows of alveoli. Coste 7 in 0,01 mm. alternating with double rows of alveoli 14 in 0,01 mm. forming obliquely decussating lines. — Nav. mirabilis Castr. Voyage Challenger D. p. 34 Pl. XXX f. 10. Marine: Madagascar (Brun Coll.)! Zebu (Castr.). 70. D. Vespa Cu. N. Sp. — V. panduriform, with subrhomboid segments. L. 0,05; B. 0,012 at the constr. 0,o6 mm. Central nodule small, its horns approximate. Furrows broad, of the same shape as the valve, crossed by coste. Coste 11 in 0,01 mm. alternating with double rows of small puncta, arranged in obliquely decussating rows. — Pl. IT f. 5. Marine: Java! 71. D. nitescens Gree. (1857). — V. elliptical-lanceolate. L. 0,05 to 0,09; B. 0,022 to 0,036 mm. Central nodule small, its horns not very distinct. Furrows wide. Their outer margins en- closing a lanceolate space, !/, or more as broad as the valve, crossed by coste, frequently alternating with double rows of alveoli Cost 6 to 8 in 0,01 mm. alternating with single or near the margin double rows of alveoli, 14 to 16 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. Smithi var. nitescens Gree. D. of Clyde p. 487 Pl. IX f. 16. Nav. nitescens Donz. B. D. p. 8 Pl If. 7. A.S. Atl. VII f. 38 to 41, VIII f. 14 to 16. Pinnularia arraniensis O'M. M. J. VII p. 116 Pl. V.f.6. Nav. adriatica Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 525 Pl. III f. 17. Marine: North Sea! Morocco! Adriatic! Sebastopol! Moravian Tegel (fossil)! Seychelles! Madagascar! Sumbava! Singapore! Australia! Sandwich Islands! S:ta Monica, fossil! Colon! Cam- peachy Bay! Var. fossilis Pant. (1889). — L. 0,099; B. 0,041 mm. Coste 7,5 to 8,5 in 0,01 mm. Alveoli not distinct. — Nav. nitescens var. fossilis Pant. II p. 51 Pl. IX f. 163. Marine: Hungary, fossil (Pant.). Var. fuegiana P. Petit (1888). — L. 0,062; B. 0,0255 mm. Coste 10 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. nitescens var. fuegiana Petit Cape Horn D. p. 122 Pl. X f. 6. Marine: Cape Horn. Var. serratula Grun. (1875). — V. lanceolate. L. 0,09; B. 0,021 mm. Central nodule small, rounded; its horns indistinct, very approximate to the median line. Furrows broad, forming a lanceolate space, crossed by faint coste, alternating with double rows of indistinct alveoli. Coste 6 in 0,o1 mm. alternating with (single?) rows of alveoli, 11 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. serrat. A.S. Atl. VII f. 42, 43 VIII f. 11. Marine: Campeachy Bay! Colon (Deby Coll.)! Kongl. Sv. Vet. Akad. Handl. Band 26. N:o 2, 13 98 Pp. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. D. nitescens is remarkable for the week development of the central nodule, the horns otf which are scarcely distinct. In this respect it comes near to D. inscripta Cu. On corroded speci- mens the alveoli are indistinct. 72. D. dalmatica Grun. (1860). — V. slightly constricted, with cuneate segments. L. 0,058 to 0,062; B. 0,014 to 0,017; at the constr. 0,012 to 0,014 mm. Central nodule small, rounded elongated; its horns indistinct, close to the median line. Furrows narrow, not dilated in the middle, crossed by faint coste. Coste 8 in 0,01 mm., alternating with double rows of alveoli. — Nav. dalm. Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 525 Pl. II. f 14. A. S. Atl. VII f. 58, 59. WN. Hornigit Pant. HT Pl. XVI f. 241 (1893)? Marine: Morocco! Balearic Islands! Adriatic (Grun.), Bab el Mandeb! Macassar Straits! Campeachy Bay! Var. Vulpecula A. 8S. (1875). — V. deeply constricted, with semilanceolate segments. L. 0,062; B. 0,017; at the constr. 0,012 mm. Central nodule small, its horns indistinct. Furrows linear, moderately broad, near the horns with traces of the coste. Transverse coste parallel, 8 in 0,01 mm., alternating with indistinct (double?) rows of puncta. — Nav. Vulp. A. S. Atl. XII f. 56. Marine: Celebes (Atl.), Java! 73. D. Mauleri Brun. (1880). — V. elliptical. L. 0,037 to 0,05; B. 0,013 to 0,015 mm. Central nodule large, rounded; its horns indistinct, close to the median line. Furrows broad, for- ming a narrow elliptical space, half as wide as the valve, with two rows of large puncta. Coste 7 in 0,01 mm. alternating with double rows of alveoli, 10 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. Maulert Brun. D. des Alpes p. 77 Pl. I f. 18. D. espéces n. p. 35 Pl. XV f. 7. : Lacustrine: Lac Leman! Sahara (Brun), Bottom-mud from Vettern! Of frequent occurrence in the Baltic deposits of the Ancylus-epoch. Var. borussica Cu. (1882). — L. 0,025 to 0,037; B. 0,011 to 0,012 mm. Coste 7 to 8 in 0,o1 mm. alternating, with (single?) rows of indistinct alveoli. — Nav. borussica Cu. Phys. Oek. Gesellsch. zu Kénigsberg XXII p. 189. — A. 8. Atl. VIII f. 17, 19. Nav. Maulert Pant. III Pl. VIL f. 105; Pl. IX f. 150. Slightly brackish water: Gulf of Bothnia at Nedre Kalix! Domblitton, Prussia fossil! Rammer Moor (Atl.). 74. D. Debyi Pant. (1886). — V. lanceolate, with obtuse ends. L. 0,1; B. 0,03 mm. Cen- tral nodule rounded quadrate; its horns slightly divergent in the middle, approximate. Furrows very broad, with a row of strong puncta (reduced costz). Coste slightly radiate, 4 in 0,01 mm., alternating with rows of alveoli. — Nav. Debyi Pant. I p. 23 Pl. XV f. 136. Marine: Szakal, Hungary, fossil (Pant.). Var. elliptica Cit. — V. narrow elliptical. L. 0,1; B. 0,035 mm. Furrows broad. Coste 5 in 0,01 mm. continued across the furrows and alternating with double rows of small alveoli. -— PL dL £4: Marine: Red Sea (Deby Coll.)! 75. D. gemmata Grey. (1859). — V. broad, linear, with rounded or cuneate ends and pa- rallel or slightly concave margins. L. 0,085 to 0,24; B. 0,03 to 0,065 mm. Central nodule large, quadrate; its horns parallel, closely approximate to the median line. Furrows broad, linear, filling a third or less of the surface of the valve. Coste 3 to 6 in 0,01 mm., alternating with double rows of twice as close alveoli. Along the horns of the central nodule is a row of short, but strong coste. Var. fossilis Pant. (1886). — V. slightly constricted in the middle. L. 0,16 to 0,24; B. 0,045 to 0,065 mm. Coste 3 in 0,01 mm. — A. 8. Atl. LXX f. 74. Nav. gemmata var. fossilis Pant. I p25 PL XK Tt Ist, Marine, fossil: Hungary (Deby Coll.)! Moravian Tegel! Moron (Atl.). KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. wn:o 2, 99 Var. typica Ci. — V. not constricted. L. 0,085 to 0,19; B. 0,03 to 0,05 mm. Coste 4 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. gemmata Grev. Ed. N. Ph. J. X July 1859 p. 30 Pl. IV f. 7. Nav. gemmata var. biseriata Grun. Novara 100 Pl. I A f. 16. Nav. gemmata var. spectabilis Grun. A. S. Atl. VIII f. 38? Nav. Basilica Brun. D. espéces n. p. 32 Pl. XV f. 14 (1891)? Nav. pseudogemmata Pant. II Pl. XXIX f. 420 (1893). Marine: Gulf of Naples! Nossibé! South Sea (Van Heurck Coll.)! Galapagos Islands! Cam- peachy Bay! West Indies! Fossil: Hungary (Pant.), Moravian Tegel! Nankoori! Californian Guano (Grev.). In the coll. of Prof. Brun I have seen a specimen from Sendai, which agrees with his Nav. Basilica and is only a somewhat elliptical form of D. gemmata. Var. minor Cu. — L. 0,09 to 0,16; B. 0,027 to 0,035 mm. Coste 5 in 0,01 mm. — A.S. Atl. LXX f. 73. Marine: Balearic Islands! Madagascar! Colon (Deby Coll.!), Jamaica (Atl.). Var. punctata Cu. — L. 0,14; B. 0,045 mm. Coste 5 in 0,01 mm. Furrows with transverse rows of large puncta. Coste alternating at their interior ends with one or in the middle with two large ocelli. Marine: S:n Pedro, Calif. (Kinker Coll.)! Var. spectabilis Grun. (1860). — L. 0,062 to 0,17; B. 0,025 mm. Coste 3 to 5 in 0,01 mm. continued across the furrows. — Nav. spectabilis Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 533 Pl. III f. 11. Naw. Grunowit Rasy. Fl. E. Alg. p. 203 (1864). Marine: Adriatic (Grun.), Sumbava (Kinker Coll.)! Fossil: S:t Peter, Hungary. Var. oamaruensis Cu. — V. slightly constricted. L. 0,16; B. 0,04 mm. Horns of the central nodule more distinct and distant. Furrows with faint markings of the costee which become strong along the horns. Coste 5 in 0,01 mm. alternating near the furrows with two large ocelli. Marine: Oamaru, New Zeeland, fossil! Var. madagascarensis Cu. — V. narrow, very slightly constricted. L. 0,13; B. 0,024 mm. Horns distinct and somewhat distant. Furrows with two longitudinal rows of puncta along the horns. Coste 6 in 0,01 mm. Marine: Tamatave (Kinker Coll.)! Var. pristiophora Jan (1881). — V. distinctly constricted in the middle. L. 0,1 to 0,15; B. 0,025 to 0,o36 mm. Coste 5 to 6 in 0,01 mm. — Naw. pristiophora A. 8. Atl. LXX f. 72. Marine: Morocco! Porto Seguro (Deby Coll.)! Leton Bank (Atl.). Forma minuta Ci. — L. 0,057; B. 0,015 mm. Coste 7 in 0,01 mm. Marine: Macassar Straits! D. gemmata is very variable, and by the form madagascarensis nearly connected with D. contigua, which may perhaps be only corroded specimens of D. gemmata. 76. D. Szontaghii, Pant. (1886). — V. elliptic-linear, with broad, rounded ends. L. 0,03 to 0,06; B. 0,016 to 0,o22 mm. Central nodule large, quadrate; its horns distinct and distant from the median line. Furrows narrow, linear, with a row of large puncta (spaces between the rudi- mentary costa). Coste 5 in 0,01 mm. alternating with double rows of twice as close alveoli (on corroded specimens alternating with single rows of larger puncta). — Nav. Szont. Pant. I p. 29 Pl. TL f. 25. Bl. XXVUOL Sf 284. Jeon. n, Pl. IL £. 7%. Marine: Sumbava (Kinker Coll.)! Hungary, fossil! 77. D. Campylodiscus Gruy. (1875). — V. suborbicular. L. 0,038 to 0,05; B. 0,026 to 0,o3 mm. Central nodule large, quadrate, its horns strong, distant, and convergent in the middle. Furrows broad, with faint coste. Coste 4 in 0,01 mm. alternating with double rows of faint alveoli. — Nav. suborbicularis var. Nankoorensis Grun. Novara p. 100 Pl. I A. f. 15 (1867). Nav. Campylod. Grun. A. 8. Atl. VIII f. 9, 10, 12, LXX f. 64, 65. Cocconeis coclata WaLKER ARN. M. J. Il p. 234 Pl. X £. 5, 6 (1862)? 100 Pp. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. Marine: Bab el Mandeb! Seychelles! Madagascar! Philippines! Tahiti! Galapagos Islands! Mazatlan (Atl.), Cape Horn (Petit), Campeachy Bay (Atl.). Fossil: Nankoori (Grun.). 78. D. Crabro Ens. (1844). — V. constricted or not. L. 0,04 to 0,2 mm.; B. 0,018 to 0,o6 mm. Central nodule large, quadrate with parallel horns. Furrows narrow linear, with a row of large puncta. Lunule none or more or less large. Coste 3 to 8 in 0,01 mm. alternating with double rows of alveoli outside of the lunule. Ocelli forming a marginal band, bent inwards toward the central nodule. This species comprises a considerable number of forms, differing in size, number of costae, breadth of lunule and in the amount, or absence, or constriction of the middle. The forms also present a very different appearance, according as they are uninjured or corroded. Having com- pared a very large number of different forms I am unable to make distinct species of them, all being more or less connected and differing only in characteristics, which are subject to great variation. If only a few extreme forms be examined, it is easy to found on them apparently well defined species, but the greater the number of intermediate forms observed, the greater be- comes the difficulty of finding any definite distinctions between them. There are all intermediate transitions from purely elliptical to strongly constricted forms, from forms with no lunule to others with broad lunule; as to the ocelli I am not yet convinced of their value as specific cha- racteristic. In most forms they occur as a marginal band, but there are forms without them, either because they originally had none or because the ocelli have been destroyed in preparation. I have distinguished the following forms, which diatomists, fond of speciesmaking, may consider as specifically distinct. A. Forms with no, or very narrow lunule. Var. limitanea A. S. (1875). — V. panduriform, with narrow elliptical segments. L. 0,08 to 0,11; B. 0,024 to 0,032, at the constriction 0,017 to 0,025 mm. Central nodule small, quadrate. Lunule very narrow. Coste 6 to 7 in 0,01 mm. alternating with double rows of alveoli, about 14 in 0,01 mm. Ocelli forming a narrow band along the margin. — Nav. lim. A. 8. Atl. XI f. 23, LXIX f. 14 (optime) (mot f. 12). Marine: Seychelles (Van Heurck Coll.)! Sumbava (Kinker Coll.)! Singapore! Java! China! Kerguelens Land! Fossil: Atlantic City N. Jers. (Deby Coll.)! The fig. 23 in A. S. Atl. is not sufficiently characteristic, but the fig. 14 Pl. LXIX repre- sents very well the form, which I understand to be limitanea. It differs from Var. Pandura by smaller size and closer costee. Otherwise, there is, as far as I can see, no difference. Var. Pandura Bris. (1854). — V. constricted, with elongated, tongue-shaped segments. L. 0,106 to 0,212; B. 0,038 to 0,053; at the constriction 0,023 to 0,044 mm. Central nodule of median size. Lunule none. Coste 4 to 5 in 0,01 mm. alternating with double rows of fine puncta about 10 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. Pandura Bris. D. de Cherb. f. 4. A. 8S. N.S. D. PL IL £. 8 (optime!) Atl XI f. 1, 2, 9 (4, 8 corroded). V. H. Syn. Pl. TX f. 1. Truan and Witt D. von Jeremie Pl. IV f. 14 (corroded). Pinnul. Pandura var. elongata Gruc. D. of Clyde Pl. IX f. 22. Nav. Crabro Don. B. D. p 46 Pl. VII f. 1. Nav. netida Gree. T. M. 8. IV p. 44 PL V ff. 19*. Nav. Mantichora Pant. III Pl. XXXV f. 490; 1893 (corroded). Marine: North Sea! Mediterranean Sea! Adriatic! Red Sea! Madagascar! Sumbava! Society Islands! Galapagos Islands! Magellhaéns Strait! Bolivia! Campeachy Bay! West Indies! As Nav. navigans Brun a form has been figured in A. 8. Atl. CLXXIV f. 1, which seems to belong to Var. Pandura. The figure is too indistinct for identification. Perhaps fig. 3, Nav. sideralis A. 8., may be the some form in a very corroded state. Var. expleta A. S. (1881). — V. slightly constricted, with broad, tongue-shaped segments, L. 0,07 to 0,12; B. 0,032 to 0,033; at the constr. 0,027 to 0,o3 mm. Coste 5 in 0,01 mm. alter- KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. wo 2. 101 nating with double rows of somewhat coarse puncta (8 to 11 in 0,01 mm.). — Nav. expleta A. S. Atl. LXIX f. 7, 8. Marine: Zanzibar! Celebes (Atl.), Society Islands! This form differs from var. Pandura by its shorter, less constricted valves. Var. Didelta Cu. — V. slightly constricted, with almost triangular segments. L. 0,085; B. 0,04; at the constriction 0,028 mm. Costz 8 in 0,01 mm. — PI. II f. 8. Marine: Sumbava (Kinker Coll.)! Var. subelliptica Cu. -— V. elongated, not at all, or very slightly, constricted. L. 0,15; B. 0,052. Coste 3 to 4 in 0,01 mm. alternating with double rows of coarse puncta, about 8 in 0,01 mm. — Pl. I fi 11. Marine: South America, fossil! Macassar Straits (corroded form with 4 to 5 coste in 0,01 mm. in Grove Coll.)! Galapagos Islands (perfectly elliptical form. L. 0,08; B. 0,04 mm. Cost 5 in 0,01 mm. Ocelli not distinct). Var.? Pandurella Cu. — V. strongly constricted with subelliptical segments. L. 0,038 to 0,075; B. 0,011 to 0,022; at the constriction 0,007 to 0,013 mm. Coste 8 to 9 in 0,01 mm. alter- nating with double rows of puncta, about 20 in 0,01 mm. Rows of ocelli indistinct. — Pl. II f. 9. Marine: Indian Ocean (Deby Coll.)! China! Galapagos Islands! This form resembles in all respects the var. Pandura, but is much smaller and has closer costee. As I have not seen any rows of ocelli I am doubtful whether this form is to be regarded as belonging to this group; nevertheless it is related to the var. Pandura as the var. suspecta to the var. separabilis and the var. Dirhombus to the var. multicostata. B. Forms with moderately vide lunule. Var. separabilis A. S. (1875). — V. gently constricted with elliptical segments. Li. 0,08 to 0,16; B. 0,033 to 0,05; at the constriction 0,026 to 0,032 mm. Coste 5 to 6 in 0,01 mm. Lunule narrow. — Nav. Crabro Gruv. M. J. V. p. 7 Pl. II f. 11. Nav. Grevillet Donk. B. D. p. 47. Nav. separabiis A. 8. Atl XI f. 3, 5, 6, 7, 10, 17. — N. Crabro var. Japonica A. 8. Atl. CLXXIV f. 4? Marine: Pelew Island (Atl.), Singapore (Deby Coll.)! Puerto Caballo (Atl.), Campeachy Bay (Atl), Trinidad (Grev.). This form is intermediate between var. Pandura and var. multicostata. Var. hungarica Cu. — V. elliptical, not constricted. L. 0,06; B. 0,o3 mm. Row of ocelli marginal, not bent toward the central nodule. Coste 5 in 0,01 mm. Lunule narrow. — PI. II f. 10. Marine: Szakal (Hungary, fossil)! Galapagos Islands! Var. gloriosa Brun (1891). -~ V. slightly constricted, vith tongue-shaped segments. L. 0,11 to 0,2; B. 0,o4 to 0,074: at the constriction 0,025 to 0,o6 mm. Central nodule large. Lunule narrow. Coste 3 to 3,5 in 0,01 mm. alternating with double rows of large puncta, about 8 in 0,01 mm. Ocelli usually indistinct. — Nav. gloriosa Brun D. esp. n. p. 34 Pl. XV f. 8. Marine: Mexillones Bolivia! Hakodadi, Japan (Deby Coll.)! This is the stoutest and most beautiful of all the forms of D. Crabro. The outline varies. Some specimens are deeply and abruptly constricted, others scarcely constricted. The ocelli are usually not distinct, but in some specimens easily seen. The breadth of the lunulz is also variable. Var.? suspecta A. 8. (1875). — V. strongly constricted, with elliptical segments. L. 0,046 to 0,092; B. 0,012 to 0,03; at the constriction 0,006 to 0,016 mm. Coste 5 in 0,01 mm. Ocelli not distinct. — Nav. suspecta A. S. Atl. XI f. 12, 18, 26, 27. Nav. gloriosa var. inflata Brun D. esp. n. p. 34 Pl. XV f. 12. Marine: Manilla (Deby Coll.)! Singapore (Van :Heurck Coll.)! Java! Japan (Atl.), Galapagos Islands! Mexillones, Bolivia (Brun ©oll.)! Campeachy Bay (Atl.). I have placed this form among the varieties of D. Crabro, only with hesitation, as I never observed on it the marginal row of ocelli, by which the other forms are characterized. 102 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. To this group of forms belongs probably D. ornata (Nav. ornata A. 8. Atl. LXIX f. 5, N. ornata spirifera A. S. Atl. CLXXXIV f. 25) from S:ta Monica and Monterey in California. It is a large and beautiful form, of which only corroded specimens seem to be known. At least I have hitherto not seen any uninjured specimen. C. Forms with broad lunule. Var. multicostata Grun. (1860). — V. strongly constricted, with elliptical to rhomboid seg- ments. L. 0,09 to 0,21; B. 0,03 to 0,06; at the constriction 0,018 mm. Lunule very broad. Coste 4 to 5 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. multicostata Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 524 Pl. II f. 13. A. 8S. Atl. XI f. 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, CLXXIV f. 6, 7. Nav. Crabro A. 8. Atl. LXIX f. 1, 2. V. H. Syn. p. 83 Pl. IX f. 2. A. S.N. 8S. D. PL If. 5, 6 IL f. 4 (corroded). Nav. crabro var. oranensis Atl. LXIX f. 3 (corroded). Nav. polita Brun D. esp. n. p. 87 Pl XV f. 1 (corroded). Marine: North Sea (Norway)! Mediterranean Sea! Red Sea! Madagascar! Ceylon! Labuan! Java! Samoa! Sandwich Islands (Atl.)! Galapagos Islands! Cape Jiorn (Petit)! West Indies! Fossil Hungary! Moravian Tegel! Oran (Atl.), gina (Atl.), Nankoori! S:ta Monica Cal. Var. nankoorensis Grun. (1881). — V_ less constricted, with cuneate ends. L. 0,12; B. 0,053; at the constriction 0,042 mm. Coste 4,5 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. Crabro var. nankoor. A. 8S. Atl. LXIX f. 4 (corroded). Marine: Nankoori, fossil (AtL). Var. O’Meari Gruy. Ms. — V. elliptical, not constricted. L. 0,135; B. 0,o58 mm. Lunule very broad. Coste parallel, 4 in 0,01 mm. — PI. IT f. 12. Marine: Macassar Straits (Grove Coll.)! Seychelles (Grun.), South Sea (Van Heurck Coll.)! Grunow sent me several years ago a sketch of an elliptical Diploneis from Seychelles under the name of Nav. O’Mearti, which agrees in essential points with the form from Macassar Straits, having, as it has, very broad lunule, filling almost the whole valve. L. 0,09; B. 0,03 mm. Coste 6 in 0,01 mm. Var.? Gibelia A. 8. (1874). — V. slightly constricted, with tongue-shaped segments. L. 0,09; B. 0,033; at the constriction 0,026 mm. Lunule broad, forming a biconstricted space. Coste 4 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. Gibelii A. S. Probet. f. 18 Pl. XIT f. 73. Marine: Campeachy Bay (Atl). Var. minuta Cr. — L. 0,056; B. 0,024; at the constr. 0,016 mm. Coste 6 in 0,01 mm. — A. 8. Atl XII f. 71. Marine: Samoa (Atl.). Var. perpusilla Cu. — L. 0,04; B. 0,018; at the constriction 0,012 mm. Coste 8 in 0,01 mm. — A. S. Atl XII f. 72. Marine: North Sea (Atl.). Var.? confecta A. S. (1875). — V. small. L. 0,04; B. 0,009; at the constriction 0,0075 mm. Lunule very large. Coste 9 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. confecta A. S. Atl. XII f. 46. Marine: Campeachy Bay (Atl.). Var.? Dirhombus A. 8S. (1875). — V. strongly constricted, with subrhomboid segments. L. 0,076 to 0,13; B. 0,024 to 0,038; at the constriction 0,012 to 0,015 mm. Lunule large, lunate. Coste 4 to 6 in 0,o1 mm Ocelli not distinct. — Nav. Dirh. A. 8. Atl. XI f. 21, 22; LXIX f. 9 (10 corroded). Marine: Gulf of Mexico (Atl.), Pelew Island (Atl.). The connection of this form with the others is not certain, as the figures in Atl. do not shew the marginal row of ocelli. It seems as if this form were to var. multicostata what var. suspecta is to var. separabilis. Dipl. coarctata may be a corroded Dirhombus, which however am unable to decide, not having had an opportunity of comparing specimens. 79. D. biseriata Cu. N. Sp. — V. elliptical or slightly constricted. IL. 0,11 to 0,13; B. 0,047 to 0,06 mm. Central nodule large, quadrate, its horns almost parallel. Furrows linear, KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. w:o 2, 103 narrow, with a row of large granules, formed by the continuation of the coste. Coste 3 to 4 in 0,01 mm. alternating with double rows of coarse puncta. Lunulee none or narrow. Ocelli forming a marginal band, and, besides, a band along the furrows or lunule. This species, which is intermediate between D. Crabro and D. vagabunda, differs from D. Crabro in nothing but the double rows of ocelli. The form of the valve is variable, usually elliptical, but in some specimens panduriform. The lunule are indistinct in some forms, narrow in others. It would be admissible to group the forms of this species together with the forms of D. Crabro. The var. Kinkeriana and galapagensis are analogous to the Pandura-series, the var. lata to the separabilis-series. Var. Galapagensis Cu. — V. not constricted, elliptical. L. 0,12; B. 0,05 mm. Coste 4 in 0,01 mm. alternating with double rows of coarse puncta. Lunule very narrow. Ocelli forming a marginal and an interior row. — Pl. II f. 16. Marine: Galapagos Islands! . Var. lata Cu. — V. elliptical, not constricted. L. 0,11; B. 0,048 mm. Coste 4 in 0,01 mm. Lunule moderately broad. — Pl. IT f. 14. Marine: Galapagos Islands! The fig. 12 Pl. CLXXIV in A. 8. Atl. represents doubtless a small, but strongly corroded form of D. biseriata. 80. D. vagabunda Brun (1892). — V. panduriform with tongue-shaped segments. L. 0,13 to 0,17; B. 0,06; at the constriction 0,043 mm. Central nodule large, quadrate; its horns nearly parallel. Furrows narrow, linear, with a row of large granules. Lunule very narrow or not di- stinct. Coste 3 to 4 in 0,01 mm., alternating with double rows of coarse puncta. Ocelli forming a marginal band and several oblique or curved rows besides. — Nav. vagabunda Brun A. S. Atl. CLXXIV f. 5. Dipl. vag. Icon. n. Pl. IT f. 18, 15. Marine: Tamatave (Kinker Coll.)!| Fossil: S:ta Monica, Sin Pedro (Kinker Coll.) Calif.! D. vagabunda is a transitional form from D. biseriata to D. gemmatula (var. Beyrichiana). 81. D. prisea A. 8. (1875). — V. slightly constricted, with tongue-shaped or cuneate, obtuse segments. L. 0.07 to 0,08; B. 0,029 to 0,03 mm., at the constriction 0,02 to 0,027 mm. Central nodule quadrate; its horns parallel and approximate. Furrows narrow, linear, with a row of large puncta. Transverse coste 7 to 8 in 0,01 mm. alternating with double rows of puncta, about 16 in 0.01 mm. and ocelli, 4 to 5 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. prisea A. 8. Atl. Pl. XII f. 66 to 68 (69?). Marine: Nottingham (Maryland)! Atlantic City, N. Jers. (Grove Coll.), Richmond, Va! always fossil. This species is very nearly akin to D. gemmatula from which it differs by the narrow furrows. The exterior stratum with small alternating puncta is usually preserved in D. prisca, but never found on D. gemmatula, which may be a consequence of the state of preservation and preparation. 82. D. gemmatula Gruv. (1875). — V. slightly constricted, with tongue-shaped to broadly cuneate segments. L. 0,07 to 0,15; B. 0,033 to 0,062; at the constr. 0,027 to 0,05 mm. Central nodule large; its horns almost parallel. Furrows usually broad, and somewhat dilated in the middle, with a row of large puncta. Coste 5 to 7 in 0,01 mm. alternating with rows of more or less numerous, large ocelli. Var. hungarica Cu. — V. moderately constricted. L. 0,08; B. 0,025; at the constr. 0,018 mm. Ocelli forming one row along the margin and one along furrows. Marine: Szakal, Hungary, fossil! Akin to Nav. expedita A. 8. (Atl. LXIX f. 6) from Moron. 104 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. Var. Grunowtt Cu. — V. very slightly constricted, with broad tongue-shaped segments. L. 0,07 to 0,09; B. 0,033 to 0,039; at the constr. 0,03 to 0,037 mm. Furrows very broad. Coste 5,5 to 7 in 0,01 mm. alternating with ocelli, forming some few more or less undulating, longitu- dinal rows. — Nav. gemmatula Grun. A. S. Atl. XIII f. 20, 21 (37, 40?). Nav. lacrimans A 8. Atl. Ril £. 61. Marine: Balearic Islands! Red Sea! Mauritius! Tamatave! Sumatra! Yokohama! Samoa! Campeachy Bay (Atl.). Fossil: Moravian Tegel! S:ta Monica, Calif. (Deby Coll.)! Var. lacrimans A. S. (1875). — V. elongated, slightly constricted in the middle. LL. 0.09 to 0,14; B. 0,031 to 0,045; at the constr. 0,025 to 0,o4 mm. Furrows broad. Coste 5 in 0.01 mm. Ocelli about 4 in 0,01 mm., forming longitudinal rows. —- Nav. lacrimans A. 8. Atl. XII f. 59, 60. Nav. gemmatula Cu. D. of Mor. Tegel Pl. XII f. 1. Nav. laer. var. fossilis Pant. II p. 49 Pl. I f. 18. Nav. Taschenbergerit A. 8. Atl. CLXXXIV f. 8 (1892). Marine: Tamatave (Deby Coll.)! Campeachy Bay! Colon! Fossil: Szakal, Hungary! Moravian Tegel! Var. Beyrichiana A. 8. (1861). — V. slightly constricted, with cuneate ends. LL. 0,09 to 0,144; B. 0,35 to 0,062; at the constr. 0,027 to 0,053 mm. Furrows of median breadth, distinctly dilated around the central nodule. Coste 6 in 0,01 mm. alternating with rows of large ocelli (about 5 in 0,01 mm.). — Nav. Beyrichiana A. 8. Atl. LXIX f. 16, 17. Marine: Gulf of Naples! Madagascar! Java! China! Indian Ocean (Deby Coll.)! Cape Horn (Petit). Fossil: Hungary! Aégina (Atl.). Forma minor Pant. (1886). — V. nearly elliptical. L. 0,069; B. 0,034 mm. Coste and ocelli about 5,5 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. Beyr. var. minor Pant. I p. 23 Pl. III f. 381. Marine: Hungary, fossil (Petit). Var. Moravica Cu. — V. slightly constricted, with broad, cuneate ends. L. 0,16; B. 0,068; at the constr. 0,06 mm. Coste 4 in 0,01 mm. Ocelli scattered, 2 to 3 in 0,01 mm. Marine: Moravian Tegel (Deby Coll.)! 83. D. lesinensis Gruy. Ms. — V. elongated, usually very slightly constricted, with broad, tongue-shaped segments. L. 0,072 to 0,22; B. 0,03 to 0,057; at the constr. 0,o28 to 0,051 mm. Central nodule small, its horns parallel, approximate. Furrows narrow, linear, scarcely dilated in the middle, with a row of large puncta or rudiments of the coste. Coste 5 to 6 in 0,01 mm. alternating with rows of large and close ocelli (5 to 7 in 0,01 mm.) and double rows of small, sometimes little distinct, alveoli (about 12 to 18 in 0,01 mm.). — Pl. IT f. 17, 18. Marine: Balearic Islands! Gulf of Naples! Adriatic! Red Sea! Sumatra (Deby Coll.)! Philip- pines (Rae Coll.). D. lesinenses has the form and appearance of a large D. Entomon. Additional. Navicula Budayana Pant. III Pl. IV f. 57 (1893) seems to belong to the varieties of D. elliptica. : Navicula elliptica var. fossilis Panr. III Pl. II f. 32 perhaps a small form of D. Smithii, which I am unable to decide as the minute structure is not visible on the figure. Navicula pervasta Pant. IM Pl. XXXVI f. 510 a large form, very similar to D. major var. permagna, but the alveoli are drawn as forming single rows. KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. w:o 2. 105 Scoliopleura Grun. (1860). Valve elongated, convex. Median line sigmoid. Central nodule small. Median line enclosed between two approximate longitudinal lines or ridges. Structure, fine puncta disposed in transverse and longitudinal rows. Connecting zone simple or without longitudinal divisions. The genus Scoliopleura was founded 1860 by Grunow (Verh. p. 554) for Navicule with sigmoid median line, such as Nav. Jenneri and Nav. convexa W. Sm. (B. D.), with the bent of the lines of both valves in contrary directions. The genus comprises very different forms, so that I have separated from it forms without longitudinal ridges along the median line. Sc. convexa (or latestriata) differs from the other species by its structure, for which reason I have formed for it the genus Scoliotropis. With regard to the affinities, Scoloplewra, as defined above, appears to be distantly allied to Caloneis, and to Diploneis. 1. S. Schneideri Grun. (1878). — V. elliptic-lanceolate, subacute. L. 0,14; B. 0,04 mm, Median line slightly sigmoid. Median pores in opposite directions. Terminal nodules small. Transverse strie 18 (14 according to Grun.) in 0,01 mm. oblique, distinctly punctate, puncta forming longitudinal, undulating rows, 14 (ls according to Grun.) in 0,01 mm. — Nav. Schn. Grun. Casp. Sea. Alg. p. 16 PL III f. 1. Brackish water: Caspian Sea! ), This is'a very remarkable form. The median transverse striz form oblique lines across the valve, as in some forms of Neidium; at the ends une are almost parallel. ate 2. 8. Peisonis Grun. (1860). — V. narrow, elliptical, with rounded ends. L. 0,035 to 0,08; B. 0,01 to 0,018 mm. Median line strongly sigmoid. Strize 14 to 16 in 0,01 mm., transverse, distinctly — punctate; puncta forming regular, longitudinal strie, 18 in 0,01 mm. — Gru. Verh. 1860 p. 554 Pl. V f. 25. — Icon. N. Pl. I f. 14. Brackish water: Neusiedler See, Hungary (Grun.), Salt Lake, Utah! 3. S. elegans Cu. N. Sp. — V. slightly sigmoid, lanceolate, gradually tapering from the middle to the somewhat obtuse ends. IL. 0,15; B. 0,03 mm. Median line sigmoid at the ends; its central pores approximate; its terminal fissures in contrary directions. Longitudinal lines closely approximate to the median line. Central area indistinct. Transverse strie 17, longitudinal 25 in 0,01 mm. — PL If. 9. Marine: Java! Navicule Fusiformes Ct. Valve narrow, linear to lanceolate, usually thin or slightly silicious. Median line with closely approximate central pores. Axial and central areas indistinct. Strie parallel, usually fine, not crossed by longitudinal lines, finely punctate; puncta usually arranged i in longitudinal, straight TOWS. This small group comprises both marine and brackish forms, akin to N. inornata of the Section Navicule entoleie, which also has approximate central pores. On the other hand this group is also allied to the Section Navicule orthostiche. Artificial key. 1 Valve attenuated towards the ends, narrow lanceolate . ©... +--+ 1+ +> 2. : — linear, with broad ends fie a5) fo Mat te eee GASES date katie, ctl Ge ap “ach se 5. K. Sv. Vet. Akad. Handl. Band 26. No 2. 14 106 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. ‘5 ges subcapitate ..... ae ee Pd ee er N. nuda Pant. == “eente 6 ae w 4 me tant Co MINS, ryan pie Sn a OD aah ane Ss eee 3. Strie about 12 in 0,01 mm. . ee ee ee ae . N. lucida Pant. —- — i — es fae ok, Goa She ie N. Schmidtii Laesr. e —- — 24 — Seas oes ORE My oh eM lie BY ade EAS eet N. Acus Cu.- — — 80 — Se Ese TRA oe ota dan fe. 6DN a Yn fom f 4. 4 ‘eae strie closer hia the Hanawerse. a ee .. N. fusiformis Grun. — more distant. ........ den ade, any eee N. Frauenfeldii Garon. 5. oe fostrate ike .. . .M. crassirostris GRrun. : obtuse or truncate. ........ wie REGO) Coe. Biden othe ha Ge mate Me wie 6. 6. eee fissures in contrary directions... 2.00. wee ee 7. — indistinct. ........ Bo Ra SR Ee N. Lineola Grun. 7 tach all parallel ........ Saha, Gaee, 9 Sweater ah N. parallelistriata Pant. Median strie radiate... 2. ee N heteroflera Pant. 1. N. fusiformis Gruy. (1877). — V. narrow, lanceolate, gradually tapering from the middle to the acute ends. L. 0.115 to 0,15; B. 0,01 mm. Central pores very approximate. Strie trans- verse, 33 in 0,01 mm., longitudinal 36 in 0,01 mm. — Berkeleya Fusidium Grun. Hedw. 1867 p. 17. Amphipleura danica Kirz Bac. p. 103 Pl. XXX f. 38 (1844)? WN. fus. Grun. M. J. 1877 p. 178 PL CXCY #. 11, Marine: Honduras (Grun.). Var. ostrearia GaILLon (1820). — L. 0,063 to 0,073; B. 0,006 to 0,007 mm. Strie transverse 36 in 0,01 mm. — Vibrio ostrearius GarLLon (accord. to Grun.). — Nav. ostrearia Turp. Dict. d’hist. nat. IJ Pl. I f. 2 (accord. to Grun.). WN. fusif. v. ostrearia Grun. M. M. J. 1877 p. 178 Pl. CXCV f, 12. V.H. Syn. Pl, XIV £. 33. Marine: North Sea (West coast of Sweden)! Loire infér. (Grun.), Marseille (Grun.), Triest (Grun.). This species lives on oyster-beds and according to Borner the oysters become greenish by feeding on this diatom. Living frustules have two chromatophore-plates along the connecting zone. The cell-sap has, especially towards the ends, a peculiar blue colour. 2. N. Frauenfeldii Grun. (1863). — V. lanceolate. L. 0,1 to 0,16; B. 0,019 to 0,025 mm. Central pores very approximate. Transverse striz 29 in 0,01 mm., longitudinal more distant. — Amphipleura Frauenfeldii Grun. Verh. 1863 p. 144 PJ. Vf. 3. N. Braueng. Grun. M. M. J. 1877 p. 179. Marine: Indian Ocean (Grun.). 3. N. nada Pant. (1889). — V. narrow, lanceolate, with subcapitate ends. L. 0,037; B. 0,007 mm. Striz not observed. — Pant. II p. 51 Pl. VI f. 108. Brackish water: Hungary, fossil (Pant.). This species is unknown to me and the description and figure are not sufficient for diagnosis. 4. N. Acus Ci. N. Sp. — V. narrow, lanceolate, acute. L. 0,09; B. 0,oo9 mm. Central pores approximate. Terminal fissures elongated. Axial and central areas indistinct. Strie 24 to 25 in 0,01 mm., equidistant, in the middle slightly radiate, elsewhere transverse, or nearly so — Pl. IIT f. 29, 30. Marine: Balearic Islands! As N. Acus Cu. 1880 (A. D.) is the same as NV. inornata Grun. the name Acus may be used for this form, which differs from N. ee Grun. (1880) by the absence of longitudinal lines and by: its indistinct area. 5. N. Schmidtii Lagsr. (1876). — V. narrow, lanceolate, with somewhat obtuse ends: L. 0,06 to 0,074; B. 0,009 to 0,011 mm. Central pores approximate. Striz about 17 in 0,01 mm., transverse. — N. (without name) A. 8. N. 8. D. Pl. III f. 7, 8 (1874). WN. Schm. Ldt. Boh. D. p. AB. Marine:. Bohuslaén (Ldt). I do not know this species, which seems doubtful. The fig. in A. S. is not sufficient, and the description of Lagerstept may belong to some form of Nav. (Schizonema) ramosissima. The KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. wN:o 2, 107 fig. 7 in A. §. shews two longitudinal lines crossing the striz on each side of the median line, which suggests some affinity to Caloneis, if this character is not due to an optical illusion. 6. N. lucida Panr. (1893). — V. narrow, lanceolate, subacute. L. 0,2; B. 0,022 mm. Axial area very narrow, not dilated in the middle. Transverse strie 12 in 0,01 mm. almost parallel throughout. — Pant. III Pl. XVIII f. 264. Habitat? »Bodas» fossil (Pant.). Under the name N. imculta Pantocsek figures (III Pl. XIV f. 216) a similar, but smaller and more finely striate form, with subrostrate ends. 7. N. parallelistriata Panr. (1889). — V. linear, attenuated towards the broad, obtuse ends. L. 0,069; B. 0,017 mm. Central pores approximate, terminal in contrary directions. Axial area linear, narrow. Striz 17,5 in 0,01 mm. parallel. — Pant. II p. 52 Pl. II f. 26. Brackish water: Hungary, fossil (Pant.). 8. N. heteroflexa Panr. (1889). — V. linear-lanceolate, with broad, rounded ends. L. 0,074 to 0,11; B. 0,011 to 0,013 mm. Median pores approximate; terminal in contrary directions. Axial area very narrow, linear. Striz 22 (28 accord. to Pant.) in 0,01 mm. (the median shorter than the others) radiate in the middle, parallel towards the ends. — Panr. II p. 47 Pl. II f. 34. Brackish water: Hungary, fossil! Var. constricta Pant. (1889). — V. slightly constricted in the middle, with cuneate ends. L. 0,05 to 0,06; B. 0,011 to 0,012 mm. Strie 25 to 30 in 0,01 mm. — Pant. Pl. II f. 27, 33. Brackish water: Hungary, fossil (Pant.). Var. minor Pant. (1889). — V. linear-lanceolate. LL. 0,048; B. 0,o095 mm. Striz 22 to 25 in 0,01 mm. — Pant. IT Pl. IX f. 162. Brackish water: Hungary, fossil (Pant.). This species is one of the most remarkable Navicule. Although in some respects divergent from the rest of this group, especially by its radiate median striz, I have placed it here, as it seems to be more akin to N. parallelistriata than to any other speeies. 9. N. erassirostris Grun. (1880). — V. linear, with prolonged, rostrate and obtuse ends. L. 0,048; B. 0,0073 mm. Median line with approximate central pores. Areas indistinct. Strie transverse, 27 in 0,o1 mm. — Grun. A. D. p. 45 Pl. III f. 57. Brackish water: Kara (Grun.). Var. Maaséensis Grun. (1880). —- More elongated and with narrower ends. Striz about 25 in 0,01 mm. — Gron. A. D. p. 46. Marine: Finmark (Grun.). 10. N. Lineola Grun. — (1884). — V. linear with rounded ends. L. 0,016 to 0,051; B. 0,0025 to 0,003 mm. Central pores approximate. Strie extremely fine(?) — Grun. Franz Jos. Land D. p. 104 (52) Pl. I f. 45, 46. Marine: Franz Josephs Land (Grun.). Var. perlepida Grun. (1884). — V. with somewhat constricted ends. L. 0,02 to 0,034; B. 0,002 to 0,0033 mm. — N. perlepida Grun. Franz Jos. Land, D. p. 104 (52) Pl. If. 44. Marine: Franz Josephs Land (Grun.). Navicule Orthostichee Cr. Valve usually elongated, lanceolate to linear. Median line with small or elongated central nodule, sometimes transversely dilated into a stauros, and with small or indistinct terminal fissures. > 108 Pp. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS, | Central pores of the median line approximate. Structure: smal] puncta arranged in parallel, trans- verse and longitudinal rows, crossing each other at a right angle. Axial and central areas small or indistinct. Connecting zone not complex. This group is closely related to the Section Fusiformes, by the approximate central pores and the structure of the valve, but the longitudinal strie of the valve are less distinct in Fusi- formes. Some forms of Orthostiche seem to be connected with Gyrosigma: The smaller forms of this section, Nav. greyaria to N. microrhynchus, have no distinct longitudinal strie, but have been placed here, as they seem to be connected with Nav. halophila. On the other hand they appear to come near to Nav. cryptocephala of the section Lineolate. Some species have’ transversely dilated central nodules, and have been considered as belonging to the genus Stauroneis, but there is very little resemblance between there forms and the true Stawroneis (division of Microstigmatica), in the structure of the valve, which is the same as in other orthostiche. Artificial key. 4: oe nodule dilated into a stauros . . ba th sBiet- <“S, Ga es 11. not _— _ thie «faa doel 2 Roaee is Ge ta aaa gn athens 2. 9. {Hoan strie indistinct ....'.. Q . 3. soo distiict yt: a a ee a ae a a 6. 3, { Strie uninterrupted in the middle waispsy ths ge NG by edeed gh Sane a 4. \ — interrupted . des 3-4 oer Bo fre sae Sloot ete 5. r fe s acute . nee ya) “ee Bales . ON, microrhynchus Grun. rostrate to capitate, Do te Bee ee ee ee eS . .N. gregaria Donk. 5. ves crossed by a longitudinal depression ....... . . . N. Wankareme Cu. not — _— SA: oA edict Marte B= oo ol N. Kryokonites Cu. 6. ag strie convergent ..... pla Sou ORS . . + N. holophila Gron. — not — ‘ ; 6 ey a Re bss ai ie 3 7. 7. iu Valve broadly linear, with broad end eee fet des N. portomontana Cu. linear or lanceolate, narrowed towards the end. : iia : 8. Transverse strie more distant than the longitudinal . : . N. cuspidata Kivrz. 8. = — closer — — _— ine aap NE Remora: GRun. — equidistant with — he A ee ae SA ae Had 9, 9. {Bode acute. ag 3 6 bow Me @ eka aw 4 ae heat be sara Beata} W. titted Cu. rounded ..... ee : iS whites Se unee Belay) dea 10. 10. ea 15 in 0,01 mm. . , ice pele Sale hae Bl N. Kjellmanii Ct. closer — : das ere .. . N. O'Mearii Gron. [Sees short ... ‘ : .. . NM. balearica Cu. 11. reaching half-way =" the margin Bea re N. quarnerensis Grun. i= pervious — _— — mo isla elap ts . 12. 19. po rhombic-lanceolate. . ee Reoagtte daa . 4 «NM. Stodderi Green. linear or linear-lanceolate . . . RE AG Sie a ae Aad 13. aa striae more distant than the Hianayatee : : ‘ .N. suleata Cu. — closer — — — 2G 0, Fgh ae ong 14. 14. yee strie 12 in 0,01 mm... . Bt ests ; . I. erucigera W. Su. — about 26 in 001 mm ...... » eo... 2 N. Spicula Hicks. 1. N. gregaria Donx. (1861). — V. lanceolate, with rostrate-capitate ends. L. 0,015 to 0,035; B. 0,005 to 0,009 mm. Transverse strive 16 to 22 in 0,01 mm. Longitudinal striz indis- tinct. -- Donk. M. J. Ip. 10 PL If. 10. B.D. p. 43 Pl. VI f. 13. V. H. Syn. p. 85 Pl. VILL f. 12—15. Nav. eryptocephala W. Sm. B. D. Pl. XVII f. 155. Pedicino Ischia II f. 9—11. Nav. lanceolata W. Sm. B. D. p. 46 Pl. XXXI f. 272? Nav. veneta Scuum. P. D. IL N. Pl. IL f. 30. Nav. Granum Avene Scuum. P. D. N. II p. 56 Pl. IL f. 36 (1867)? Brackish water: Sweden (Bohuslin)! England! Saxony (Salines Diirrenberg)! Pee (V. H) France! South Africa! Argentina! KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. w:o 2. 109 Var. thurholmensis Dannr. (1882). — V. lanceolate, with more distinctly capitate ends. L. 0,02; B. 0,005 mm. Striz 26 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. thurholmensis Danny. Balt. D. p. 27 Pl. I f. 11. N. levis Pant. II p. 50 Pl. XXV f. 366? Brackish water: Bay of Finland (Dannf.). NV. gregaria connects N. cryptocephala of the section Lineolatw with N. halophila, so that it might perhaps have been placed as well there as here. Its parallel striee seem however to in- dicate a closer relation to N. halophila. 2. N. Wankareme Cx. (1883). — V. narrow, lanceolate, with obtuse, prolonged ends. L. 0,035; B. 0,007 mm. Median line with approximate median pores. Axial area indistinct. Central area a broad, transverse fascia. Strie parallel, about 30 in 0,01 mm., obsolete between the margin and the median line. Longitudinal strie not seen. — N. Kryokonites? var. Wankareme Ct. Vega p. 473 Pl. XXXVII, f. 47. Marine: Cape Wankarema, North Siberian Sea! The accurate place in the system, which this form occupies, is difficult to decide. I have placed it here, at it seems to be nearest akin to N. gregaria. 3. N. Kryokonites Cu. (1883). — V. lanceolate, obtuse. L. 0,084; B. 0,011 mm. Central area a transverse, broad fascia. Strie 22 in 0,01 mm. — Cu. Vega p. 473 Pl. XXXVII f. 44. Marine: Cape Wankarema! Var. subprotracta Cu. (1883). — V. rhombic-lanceolate, with se as ends. L. 0,033; B. 0,007 mm. Striz 22 in 0,01 mm. — Cr. Vega 1. c. f. 46. Marine: Cape Wankarema! Var. semiperfecta Cu. (1883). — V. rhombic-lanceolate. L. 0,028; B. 0,008 mm. Central area a unilateral fascia. — Ci. Vega l. c. f. 45. Marine: Cape Wankarema! 4. N. microrhynchus Gruy. (1882). — V. narrow lanceolate, with acute, prolonged ends- L. 0,024; B. 0,004 mm. Median pores approximate. Striee 16 (middle) to 17 (ends) finely punctate. — Grun. Foss. D. Ost. Ung. p. 149 Pl. XXX f. 46. P Slightly brackish water: Hungary, fossil (Grun.). N. microrhynchus is according to Grunow related to N. Bulnheimii, which I have placed among the Microstigmatice because of its wider central strie and its, (somewhat indistinct) complex, connecting zone. N. microrhynchus Panv. (II p. 51 Pl. III f. 38; Pl. VIII f. 145, 1889) is, if the figures in Pantocsek’s work be accurate, not the species of Grunow, which has no axial area. 5. N. halophila Gruy. (1881). — V. rhombic-lanceolate, subacute. L. 0.05; B. 0,01 to 0,012 mm. Strie 19 to 20 (16 according to V. H. Syn.) in 0,01 mm. convergent at the ends, elsewhere parallel. Longitudinal striz fine. — N. cuspidata var. haloph. Grun. in V. H. Syn. p. 100 Suppl. Pl. B. f. 30. WN. protracta forma minor Pant. III Pl. XX f. 301 (1893)? Brackish water: Sweden, Sturké in Blekinge! England, Hull! Belgium (V. H.) Saxony (Mansfelderseen)! France, Medoc! 6. N. cuspidata Kitz. (1834). — V. rhombic-lanceolate, with acute ends. LL. 0,07 to 0,15; B. 0,017 to 0,03 mm. Transverse strie 14 to 19, longitudinal 26 in 0,01 mm. — Baeillaria fulva Nitszcu. p. p. 1817 (according to Kiitz.). NV. fulva Donk. B. D. Pl. VI f. 92? Frustulia cuspidata Kotrz. Syn. Pl. Il f. 26. Nav. cuspidata Ktrz. Bac. p. 94 Pl. IIT f 24, 87. W. Sm. B. D. Ip. 47 Pl. XVI f. 131. Donk. B. D. p. 39 Pl. VI f. 6. Gruy. Banka D. Pl. I f. 16. Fresenius Senckenb. Abh. IV Pl. IV f. 18. Strése Klicken f. 22. V. H. Syn. p. 100 Pl. XIT f. 4. Nav. Reinickeana Rasy. Alg. Sachs. N:o 802 (1859). Vanheurckia cuspidata Bris. Ann. Soc. phyto. et microgr. de Belgique Vol. I p. 205 (1868). Fresh water: Sweden! Finland! Germany! France! Switzerland! Bengal! Japan! New Zea- land! Australia (Murray River)! Guatemala, fossil! Ecuador! Dakota! Illinois! 110 Pp. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. Var. danaica Grun. Ms. — Smaller, with somewhat obtuse ends. L. 0,07 to 0 4085 B. 0,017 to 0,o2 mm. Transverse strie 16 to 17, longitudinal 21 to 27 in 0,01 mm. Fresh water: Greenland! Danas pond, Massachusetts (Grun.). Var. ambigua Eus. (1843). — Lanceolate, rostrate. Strie finer. - Nav. amb. Eus. Am. II: e, f. 9? Ktrz. Bac. p. 95 Pl. XXVIII f. 66. W. Sm. B. D. I Pl. XVI f. 149. Donk. B. D. p. 39 Pl. VI f. 5. Pedicino Ischia D. Pl. II f. 4, 6. V. H. Syn. p. 100 Pl. XII f. 5. N. spherophora Donk. B. D. Pl. V f. 10? WN. birostrata Gree. M. J. III p. 40 Pl. 1V f. 15 (1855). WN. quarnerensis Gruy. Verh. 1860 p. 530 Pl. III f. 8? Vanheurckia amb. Bris. Ann, Soc. phyto. et micro. de Belgique I p. 206 (1868). o Fresh water: Sweden! Belgium (V. H.), Italy (Pedic.), Japan! New Zealand! Argentina! Var. Héribaudi Perac. (1893). — Median strie somewhat radiate and more distant than in the type. — Hérib. D. d’Auvergne p. 108 Pl. IV f. 16. Fresh water: Auvergne, fossil. As Bacillaria fulva Nrrzscu is an older name than N. cuspidata, it ‘spol have ‘been more correct to name this species NV. fulva, but on the other hand it is so extremely difficult to make out what the names of the older authors denote, and the name N. cuspidata has been so commonly adopted, that to do so would make the synonymy still more intricate. I prefer therefore the generally accepted name. NV. cuspidata is variable as to the outline, and it can hardly by doubted that N. cuspidata and N. ambigna should be united into one species. It frequently occurs in the forms of N. cuspidata that the interior of the valve is provided with strong transverse cost. Such monstrosities have been named Surirella craticula Kur., Craticula Ehrenbergiit Grun., Sticto- desmis craticula L. Sm. Stictodesmis Febigertti (Deby Coll. = craticular state of the var. danaica). Their ‘true nature has been shewn by Prirzzr (Bau u. Entw. p. 104). See also Héribaud D. de d’Auvergne p. 107 Pl. IV f. 15. 7. N. Perrotettii Grun. (1867). — V. rhombic-lanceolate, with slightly rostrate ends. L. 0,12 to 0,185; B. 0,03 to 0,o4 mm. Transverse striw 13 to 14, longitudinal striz 11 to 12 in 0,01 mm. -—- Craticula Perrotettii Grun. Nov. p. 20 Pl. I f. 21. Nav. Perrotettii Gruy. M. J. 1877 p- 172. — Icon.‘n. Pl. III f. 12. Nav. Pangeroni Luup. Forrm. D. de la Malaisie p. 52 Pl. II f. 9. Slightly brackish water: Italy (Grun.), Philippines (Dr. Rae Coll.)! Java (Leud. Fortm.), New Guinea (Tempére)! Senegal (Grun.)! Rio Purus, Brazil (Deby Coll.)! Lake Pistaku, Illinois (Grove Coll.)! 8. N. Stodderi Greznz. (1861). — V. lanceolate with acute ends. L. 0,09; B. 0,014 mm. Central nodule dilated to a stauros, reaching the margin; terminal nodules small; terminal fissures nearly straight. Transverse strie 18 to 19 (22 according to Lewis) in 0,01 mm. longitudinal about 13 in 0,01 mm. — Stawroneits Stodderi GreENL. in Lewis Proc. Ac. Philad. 1861 Pl. II f. 6. Fresh water: French pond, Maine! Waltham, Mass.! ‘ Var. insignis Grun. Ms. — V. rhombic-lanceolate. L. 0,09; B. 0,021 mm. Transverse striz 16 in 0,01 mm.; longitudinal 7 to 8 in 0,01 mm. — Stauron. lineolata Eun. Am. It: 1 f. 19? N. Stodd. v. ins. Pl. III f. 18. Slightly brackish water: Bengal! 9. N. suleata Cu. (1881). — V. linear, with subacute ends. L. 0,088 to 0,109; B. 0,008 to 0,oo9 mm. Central nodule transversely dilated to a stauros reaching the margin. Transverse strie 21, longitudinal 13 to 14 in 0,01 mm. — Stawron. suleata Cu. N. R. D. p. 14 Pl. III f. 46. Marine: Balearic Islands! 10. N. Spicula Hickre (1873). — V. narrow lanceolate, with subacute ends. L. 0,05 to 0,13; B. 0,004 to 0,013 mm. Central nodule dilated into a stauros, reaching the margin. Transverse strie 25 to 29, longitudinal finer. Frustules free. — Stauroneis Spicula Hicxre Month. M. Journ. KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. wo 2. nye | XII p. 290 (according to V. H. Syn.). V. H. Syn. p. 68 Pl. IV f. 9. Stawr. hyalina Dannr. Balt. D. p. 32 Pl. III f. 20 (1882)? Marine and brackish water: Arctic America! Cape Wankarema! Sea of Kara! England (¥. AD). 11. N. erucigera W. Sm. (1856). — V. narrow lanceolate, with acute ends. L. 0,08 to 0,113. B. 0,01 mm, Central nodule dilated to stauros, reaching the margin. Transverse strize 12, longitudinal 25 to 28 in 0,01 mm. Frustule free or enclosed in gelatinous tubes. — Schizonema eruc. W. Su. B. D. II p. 74 Pl. LVI f. 354; LVII f. 356. V. H. Syn. p. 110 Pl. XVI f. 1. Marine: and brackish water: Gulf of Bothnia! Firth of Tay! Bohuslén! Mouth of Loire (Grun.), Saxony (salines of Dirrenberg)! N. crucigera, which occurs in gelatinous tubes and for that reason has been regarded as a Schizonema, is closely connected with N. Spicula, which (always?) occurs free. The striation is much coarser in N. crucigera than in N. Spicula. 12. N. balearica Cu. (1881). — V. narrow lanceolate, with acute ends. L. 0,11; B. 0,013 mm. Central nodule dilated to a short stauros. Transverse striz 26, longitudinal 23 in 0,01 mm. — Stauroneis balear. Cu. N. R. D. p. 14 Pl. DIT f. 41. Marine: Balearic Islands! 13. N. quarnerensis Grun. Ms. — V. membranaceous, linear-lanceolate, gradually tapos from the middle to the subacute ends. L. 0,14; B. 0,o2 mm. Central nodule small, transversely: dilated to a very narrow stauros, reaching half way to the margins. Transverse strie 24, longi- tudinal 18 to 20 in 0,01 mm. — PI. III f. 14. Marine: Adriatic (Grun.), Seychelles (V. H. Coll.)! Sumatra (Deby Coll.)! Grunow has sent me a sketch of this diatom with the name Stauroneis quarnerensis. As it evidently belongs to this group I have changed the name to Navicula quarn. It is true that this name has been used by GrRunow for an other form, but as that is probably identical with N. cuspidata var. ambigua, I think it admissible to use the name N. quarnerensis for this species. 14. N. vitrea Cr. (1880). — V. narrow lanceolate acute. L. 0,15 to 0,2. B. 0,22 mm. Transverse strie 19 to 20, longitudinal 21 in 0,01 mm. — Pleurosigma vitrea Cu. A. D. p. 15 PL IV f. 78. Grown. A. D. p. 60. Psracatio Pleur. VIII f. 9. Marine: Sea of Kara! Cape Wankarema! Adriatic (Grun.). 15. N. O’Mearii Gruy. (1880). — V. narrow-lanceolate, with rounded ends. L. 0,059 to 0,068; B. 0,009 to 0,0115 mm. Transverse strize 17; longitudinal 19 in 0,01 mm. — Grow. A. D. p- 61. Cu. Vega p. 496. Pleur. O'M. Prag. Pleur. VIII f. 10. Marine: Seychelles (Grun.), Australia (Grun.). Var. minor Cu. (1883). — L. 0,05; B. 0,011 mm. Transverse strie slightly radiate, 16 in 0,o1 mm. Longitudinal strie 18 in 0,01 mm. — Cu. Vega p. 496. Marine: Port Jackson! 16. N. Kjellmanii Cr. (1880). — V. linear lanceolate, with subacute ends. L. 0,168; B. 0,0264 mm. Transverse strie 15 in 0,01 mm.; longitudinal of equal number, slightly inflexed. towards the central nodule. — Pleurosigma (Nav.?) Kjellm. Cu. A. D. p. 14 Pl. IV f. 80. Pleur. Kjellm. Pirae. Pleur. Pl. VIII f. 8. Nav. Vege Cu. Vega p. 474. Brackish water: Sea of Kara. “Var. subconstricta Grun. (1883). — V. linear, slightly constricted in the middle, with sub- cuneate ends. L. 0,156; B. 0,015 mm. Transverse strie 15,3; longitudinal 14,3 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. Vege v. subc. Vega p. 474. Marine: North Siberian Sea, Cape Wankarema (Grun.). N. Kjellmanii, O’Mearii and vitrea are closely connected and form a peculiar group inter= mediate between Gyrosigma and Navicula, having the structure of the former and the straight 112 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. median line of the latter. I have proposed (1883 Vega p. 474) to include these forms in a Section Vegr, but I now prefer to connect them with the other species of N. orthostiche. 17. N. porto-montana Ci. N. Sp. — V. broad, linear, slightly gibbous in the middle, with broad rounded ends. L. 0,07; B. 0,017 mm. Median line with approximate median pores and bordered by a narrow silicions rib. Terminal nodules thick, terminal fissures indistinct. Trans- verse strie 19 to 20, longitudinal 19 in 0,01 mm. The puncta close to the median line are larger than the others. — Pl. III f. 36. Fresh water: Puerto Monte, Chile, fossil (Kinker Coll.)! Gyrosigma Hassatr (1845). Valve more or less elongated and sigmoid. Central nodule small. Ends of the median line in contrary directions. Central area small or indistinct. Axial area indistinct. Structure: puncta disposed in transverse and longitudinal rows. — Cell-contents (of the freshwater forms) with two chromatophores along the connecting zone, which long before the division of the cell are trans- versely cut off and migrate in pairs to the inside of the valve. The opening between the halves of the chromatophores becomes oblique, and each half increases to a chromatophore. The margins of the chromatophores entire (Prrrzzr, Bau und Entw. p. 57). Marine species (G. balticum) have irregularly serrated chromatophores the indentations being directed towards the central nodule. The median part of the chromatophores is obliquely striate, their substance being alternately thicker and thinner. The strie of the two chromatophores cross each other in an oblique angle (O. Mttier Ber. d. Deutch. Bot. Ges. 1883 p. 481). The sigmoid Naviculee were named Navieula Sigma by Enrenperc. Hassaiu proposed for them the name Gyrosigma, which was adopted by Razennorst (Die Siissw. Diat. 1853), but not by other diatomists, who prefered the newer name Plewrosigma, formed by W. Smiru, 1852, who published the first monograph of the species (Ann. Nat. Hist. 2 ser. IX p.1). The genus Pleurosigma, as accepted by all diatomists, includes forms with a structure of small puncta or alveoli, disposed in transverse rows, which are crossed by other rows, either longitudinal, or obliquely decussating. There are no intermediate forms between these two types, and I think they may justly be considered as different genera. For the forms with the puncta in transverse and longitudinal rows, I adopt the name Gyrosigma, although, as GRruNow remarks, this name involves tautology. For the forms with the puncta disposed in transverse and oblique rows I reserve the name Pleurosigma. — Among the forms of Gyrosigma are several with carinated valves, for which Ratrs 1861 (Pritch. Inf. p. 920) proposed the generic name Donkinia. In my opinion this genus is not acceptable, as founded on a charac- teristic which is subject to too much variation. The same may be the case with Rhoicosigma, pro- posed 1867 by Grunow (Hedwigia VI p. 10) for forms with genuflexed or arcuate frustules. The genus Rhoicosigma seems at first sight to be better founded, as the valves of the same frustule of R. compactum are (as Prragatto has shewn) dissimilar. But on the other hand some forms (as R. robustum) have evidently similar valves. Besides, the flexure of the frustule differs in different species to all degrees. The manuscript-name Endosigma Bris. for the forms living like Schizonema, in gelatinous tubes is not admissible, on the same grounds as Schizonema, Colleto- nema, Endostauron etc. — From Gyrosigma may be removed Pleurosigma staurophorum Grun., which has no close affinity to any of the other forms, but has the characteristics of Caloneis, being a sigmoid form of that genus. — The division of the sigmoid forms of Navicula into two groups, founded on the disposition of the puncta in transverse and longitudinal, and in transverse and oblique, rows, was first proposed by W. Situ, and has been accepted. by all later diatomists. In the year 1880 Grunow published (in Arctische Diat.) an elaborate monograph, in which he KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. w:o 2. 13 mtroduced a classification, founded on the relative number of the transverse and the longitudinal or oblique striz. This classification has been adopted by Prracatio, who published 1891 (in Dia- tomiste) a monograph of Pleurosigma and the allied genera Donkinia, Rhoicosigma and Toxonidea. — It seems to me that to separate the species in accordance with the relative number of the transverse and longitudinal striz is much too artificial a method, although this characteristic may in many cases be useful. Gyros. Fasciola offers a striking illustration of how unnatural such a classification based on the relative number of the strie may be. In the type the longitudinal striz are closer than the transverse, but in the var. sulcata the transverse are closer than the longi- tudinal striz. In some cases moreover the relation between the transverse and longitudinal striz may be vitiated by inevitable errors in their counting. These reasons have induced me not to adopt the classification of Grunow and Prragatio. I prefer as bases of classification the outline of the valve and the flexure of the median line. The variation of the forms in Gyrosigma is very great, and the species pass over into each other in so many cases that it is very difficult to define them. Gyrosigma is related to Tropidoneis by the carinated forms (Donkinia). On the other hand it is related to the Navicule orthostiche. The peculiar G. spectabile has a central nodule, which closely resembles that of the above named section (as of Nav. cuspidata). The majority of forms, belonging to Gyrosigma live in brackish water, but a few are in- habitants of fresh, and salt, water. Artificial key. 1 ‘i line central a ee ee eee ee See ee ee ee 2. : = @¥CONTFIG a wow ee ew od 19. Ends aie into beaks. . . .... ae ne eo . 8. 2. ee not — , ap ait S00 Seay 6. 3. ed short oa stot: ya 4s ow 8 Ratu’ oe GR etortiin W. Sm. long — narrow...... ae ~ dg ce acilelea < toa 4. ee abruptly attenuated into beaks . . ee of : G. macrum W. Sm. gradually _ _ Sed . Peay Herp ae» ey 5. 5. Valve narrow (B. 0,005 to 001 mm.) . . . .. Ny, G. prolongatum W. 8m. : ee broader (B. 0,015 to 0,024 mm.). ee ce re arr G. Fasciola Eur. 6. ee VMCAR cede Raley ee eS we & , ra #8 : 12. lanceolate, tapering from the middie oy 7. Penesuauial strie wider than the transverse ba hs # e be eed 8. ee — equidistant with — BN ics ip. Beek Saya 9. — narrower than the — : ; eo % A 10. 8. { ee strie about 14 in 0,01 mm. . F G. attenuatum Kurz. — iv —_ . . G. litorale W. Sm. J dttanavets strie about 14 win 0,01 mm. ‘ yt . G. Terryanum Prr. 9. — 17 to 23 — ‘ Hak Soh . G. acuminatum Kirz. | _ — about 28 _ nor bide tess He : G. glaciale Cu. Transverse strie about 13 in 0,01 mm. Ss See ce ; ; bos 11. — 21 —_ < a) lees G. Kitzingii Gron. 10: - ee COe. oa. "Vee te'd we . . G. Febigeri Grun. — 2g SS wou Ge od Oeects . .G. diaphanum Cu. dininad area ‘eel SR. ae CR, eae deccedenast Geld G. Strigilis W. Sm. 11. Seas F —_ — large, oblique wm ; ae G. Baileyi Gaun. Valve about 15 times longer than — , mo: YW G. tenuissimum W. 8m. eae a ie gd dane ease 13. . Transverse and longitudinal striz equidistant hi none Se 14. ss { strie wider than the longitudinal . ; a. Oia @ soa 2D, Geteal area large, oblique. . ..-.--+-+- ‘ ‘ G. plagiostomum Gron. a { — — small — wa. Gal off tee Sys fh Atenls G. balticum Exp. K. Sv. Vet. Akad. Handl. Bd 26. Niro 2. 15* 114 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. 15. ee small (L. 0,06 to 0,2 mm.) ..... S54 codbeaih witty Geis OR Abt Gh ea Gar eobyaes, Goo . 16. — large (L. 0,3 to 0,5 mm.) . sertee sade Can, Settee Seen dre ein de Path oeyit hae 18. 16 Valve with gradually narrowed ends .. . : ; . .G. Spenceriit W. Sm. 6. oe —- obliquely rounded — . So se: sae ee aoe AT, 17. hg 006mm. . ... a : : G. scalproides RaBu. Ole > 2 oe we a : tee wee GE Temperet Cx. 18. ees strie about 9 in 001 mm... 2. 2... 7 wee . . G. Grovei Cu. — 18 _ : Baie: oho Gers . .« G. spectabile Grun. Median line sinuose ....... #. UE. vst haie dod G. diminutum Grun. 19. — — nott— ..... ls care . 20. 90. at very narrow, 17 or more ‘twos anes than oad wesc & . G. lineare Grun.. MOSSATAEFOW! oe nce Sanee a2 ae Gare Ga ee Re eae Coe, | SS 21. 91. pete line slightly excentric © 2 6 6 6 ee ee 22. — coincident with the margin .........., Ae ie ge cel OR 22. aes eQMIdIStANG = ei 5 us ee ee ea es : a en ee ee ee Transverse strie wider than the longitudinal .. . ee ae . G. areticum Cu. 93, oe about e in 0,01 mm. gh, +8 eh Oe + «i G. robustum Grun. _ me CALNE ee NT te eee LA ae ae G. Wansbeckii Donk. 24. ead ee he Ad. a8 eWay Ge Sake 6 nt ep = ED: not at GaP Sa sine usc Sh suesainy ay sae Mars) Sseabo cam ao 8 Ge tee? SR Ay aa eS 26. 95 Valve broad, unilaterally sanded yi Goes ake @ W-2 » «+ « G. compactum GREv. 5. 5 ee narrow, lanceolate... . ; : ... G mediterraneum Cu. 26 ae and longitudinal strie eiaiilictant ope Skee ple ha . . G. rectum Donk. : — strie narrower than the longitudinal . ....... G. angustum Donk. 1. G. acuminatnm Kiz. (1833). — V. sigmoid, lanceolate, gradually tapering to the obtuse ends. L. 0,1 to 0,18; B. 0,015 to 0,o2 mm. Median line central, sigmoid. Transverse and longi- tudinal striz equidistant, about 18 in 0,01 mm. -- Frustulia acuminata Ktrz. Linnea VIII p. 555 Dec. N:o 84 (accord. to Lagst.). Plewros. acuminatum Grun. A. D. p. 56. V. H. Syn. 117 PI. XXI f. 12. Per. VII f. 36, 37. Pleur. lacrustre W. Sm. B. D. I Pl. XXI f. 217. Pleur. trans- sylvanicum Pant. III Pl. VI f. 94? Fresh water: Sweden! England! Saxony! Var. curta Grun. (1880). — L. 0,063 to 0,086; B. 0,0145 mm. Ends subrostrate, obtuse. Striz 18 in 0,01 mm. Fresh water: Holstein (Grun.). Var. gallica Grun. — V. sigmoid, lanceolate, with attenuate, subacute ends. L. 0,011 to 0,155; B. 0,011 to 0,o18 mm. Median line sigmoid, central. Longitudinal and transv. strie equi- distant 20 to 21 in 0,01 mm. — P. scalprum var. gallica Grun. V. H. T. Nio 172. P. gallic. Perr. VII f. 2. Fresh and brackish water: Sweden (Hernésand, fossil, Rimforsa i Vestergétland, Ringsjén)! France (V. H. T.), Argentina! Var. Brebissonii Grun. (1880). — V. sigmoid, linear-lanceolate, with subacute ends. L. 0,086 to 0,104; B. 0,011 to 0,013 mm. Median line central, sigmoid. Transverse and longit. strie equi- disstant, 22 to 23 in 0,01 mm. — Pleuros. balticum y W. Sm. B. D. XXII f. 207 y. P. Bréb. Grun. A. D. p. 56. Per. VII f. 29, 30? P. balt. var. Bréb. V. H. Syn. p. 117 Pl. XXI f. 6. P. sealp- rum Rasu. A. Eur. N:o 2013 (accord. to Grun.). Fresh or slightly brackish water: Spitzbergen! Sweden! Paris! Saxony! Argentina! 2. G. Verryanum Perr. (1891). — V. slightly sigmoid, tapering from the middle to the obtuse ends. IL. 0,4 to 0,45; B. 0,038 to 0,041 mm. Median line central, flexuose near the central nodule, which is obliquely elongated. Transverse and longit. strie equidistant, 14 in 0,01 mm. — Pleuros. Terr. Prr. p. 18 Pl. VII f. 21. Marine: Connecticut! 3. G. Baileyi Grun. (1880). — V. broadly lanceolate, strongly sigmoid, with subacute ends. L. 0,08 to 0,13; B. 0,018 to 0,o21 mm. Median line central, sigmoid. Central nodule large, KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. wnio 2. 145 elongated and oblique. Transverse striz radiate in the middle and 14 to 16 in 0,01 mm., but 18 in 0,01 mm. at the ends. Longitud. strie 18 in 0,01 mm. — Pleur. Bail. Grun. A. D. p. 59. Pur, VITI f. 11. Brackish water: Bengal (Grunow). 4. G. Strigilis W. Sm. (1852). — V. narrow, lanceolate, sigmoid, gradually tapering to the subacute ends. L. 0,25 to 0,36; B. 0,03 to 0,034 mm. Median line central, slightly flexuose. Trans- verse striz more distant than the longitudinal. T.S.: LS. 1/,;, '/,;, 4/1, in 0,01 mm. — Pleur. Strig. W. Sm. Ann. Mag. N. H. (2) IX p. 8 Pl ID f. 4. B.D. I p. 66 Pl. XXII f 208. Per. VIII f. 4. 5. Brackish water: Baltic! North Sea! English Channel (W. Sm.), Batavia! Var. Smithii Grun. (1880). — I. 0,15 to 0.025; B. 0,012 to 0,018 mm. T.S.: LS. "/,, 4/,, in 0,01 mm. — Pleur. Smithit Grun. A. D. p. 58. Brackish water: Java! Bengal (Grun.), South America (Grun.). Var.? tropica Grun. (1860). — Ends obtuse. L. 0,16 to 0,3; B. 0,023 to 0,033 mm. Transv. strie about 21 in 0,01 mm. — Pleur. tropicum Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 559 Pl. III f. 34. Pur. VIII f. 7. Marine: Red Sea (Grun.), West Indies (Grun.). Var.? capensis Prtit (1891). — L. 0,3; B. 0,017 mm. T.S.: L. S !/,, in 0,01 mm. — Pleur. cap. Per. p. 21 Pl. VIII f. 6. Marine: Cape Good Hope (Petit). 5. G. Kiitzingit Grun. (1860). — V. gently sigmoid, lanceolate, with acute ends. L. 0,08 to 0,12; B. 0,012 to 0,015 mm. Central nodule somewhat elongated. Median line central, sigmoid. Transv. strie slightly radiate in the middle, more distant than the longitudinal. T.S.: L.S. ?',,, 2/54, 22/og, 23/og in 0,01 mm. — Pleur. Kiiteingit Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 561 Pl. VI f. 3. P. Spencer var. Kite. Grun. A. D. p. 59. V. H. Syn. p. 118 Pl. XXI f. 14. Per. VIII f. 22. P. gracilentum Rasy. Alg. Europ. N:o 1066 (1861). P. Wormleyi Suttiv. = P. Spencerti var. acutiuscula GRuN. in V. H. Types N:o 183. Fresh water: Sweden (Lake Malaren)! Finland! Belgium (V. H.), Saxony! East Indies (Grun.)! Japan! Tasmania! New Zealand (Grun.), Waltham in Massachusetts! Hudson River! Argentina! 6. G. Febigerii Grun. (1879). — V. lanceolate, gently sigmoid, subacute. L. 0,11 to 0,15; B. 0,0145 to 0,015 mm. Central nodule rounded. Median line sigmoid, central. T.S.: L.S. 4/5 in 0,o1 mm. — Pleur. Febig. Grun. Cl. M. D. No 223. A. D. p. 60. P. Spencertt var.? Febig. Per. VIII f. 28. Marine: California (Grun.). 7. G. diaphanum Cr. N. Sp. — V. lanceolate, sigmoid, subobtuse. L. 0,085; B. 0,015 mm. Median line central, sigmoid. Centralnodulerounded. T.S. : L.S. ?"/s) in 0,o1 mm. — Pl. VI (Part I PL YD) & 6, Marine: Isle de Bréhat, France! Gullmarefjord, Sweden! 8. G. (Rhoicosigma) glaciale Cx. (1883). — V. thin, lanceolate, gently sigmoid, gradually tapering to the acute ends. L. 0,143; B. 0,019 mm. Median line very slightly sigmoid. Transv. and longit. strie equidistant, 28 in 0,01 mm. — Pleur. glaciale Cu. Vega p. 476 Pl. XXXV f. 13. Per. VII f. 15. Marine: Cape Wankarema! 9, G. attenuatum Kirz. (1833): — V. gently sigmoid, lanceolate, gradually tapering from the middle to the obtuse ends. L. 0,18 to 0,24; B. 0,025 mm. Median line gently sigmoid, central. Longitudinal strie stronger and more distant than the transverse. T.8.: LS. /1o. M/12. 18/,, in 0,01 mm. — Frustulia attenuata Ktrz. Dec. N:o 83 (accord. to Lagst.). Pleur. atten. W. Sm. B. D. I p. 68 Pl. XXII f. 216. V. H. Syn. p. 117 Pl. XXI f.11. Pur. VILE 9. P. Hippocampus W. Sm. 116 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. Anh, Mag. N. H. [2] X p..10 Pi. 11 f. 9 (1852). B. D, 1.2. £ 215. V. H. Syn. p. 117 PL AX f. 3. Pur. VII f. 4 to 7. P. att. var. caspia Grun. Casp. Sea Alg. p. 18 Pl. III f. 8. Per VII f. 8. Fresh and brackish water: Sweden! Finland! England! Saxony! Belgium (V. H.), France! Baltic! North Sea! Caspian Sea (Grun.). Var. Scalprum Gam. a. Ture. (1827). — L. 0,12 to 0,15; B. 0o19 mm. TS. : LS. 1/16, 1),. — Nav. Scalprum Gari. a. Ture. Mém. du Muséum XV Pl. X, XI f. 3 (accord. to Kiitz.). P. acuminatum W. Sm. B. D. I p. 66 Pl. XXI f. 209. Gruy. A. D. p. 55. Pur. p.17 Pl. VITE. 3. Pl. Kochit Pant. III Pl. IX f. 153 (1893)?? Brackish and marine: North Sea! 10. G. litorale W. Sm. (1852). — V. sigmoid, lanceolate, with attenuate, slightly rostrate ends. L. 0,11 to 0,19; B. 0,022 to 0,045 mm. Median line sigmoid, central. Longit. strie very strong and distant. T.S.: LS. 1%, in 001 mm. — P. litorale W. Sm. Ann. and Mag. N. Hist. [2] IX p. 10 PL ID f. 8 B.D. Ip. 67 Pl. XXII f 214. Pur. VII f. 1. Marine: North Sea! English Channel (W. Sm.), Mediterranean Sea (Per.). 11. G. distortum W. Sm. (1852). — V. lanceolate, slightly sigmoid. Ends more or less abruptly produced into short, obtuse beaks, turned in contrary directions. L. 0,07 to 0,12; B. 0,017 mm. Median line sigmoid, central. Transv. strie more distant than the longit. T.S.: LS. 78/5, 25/.,. — Pleur. dist. W. Sm. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. [2] [IX p. 7 Pl. 1 f. 10; B. D. I p. 67 Pl. XX f. 210. Per. VIII f. 32. Marine: Spitzbergen! North Sea! English Channel (W. Sm.), Ionian Archipelago (Grun.), Cameroon, Africa! Var. Parkert Harrison (1860). — L. 0,08 to 0,15; B. 0,015 to 0,025 mm. T.S.: LS. 1%5 (Grun.), ?°%/o4, 74/o;, 23/og in 0,01 mm. — Pleur. Park. Harri. M. J. 1860 p. 104. Grun. A. D. p. 57. V. H. Syn. p. 118 Pl. XXI f. 10. Pur. VIII f. 33. Fresh and brackish water: Baltic! England! Belgium! Var. stauroneoides Grun. (1880). — Central nodule transversely dilated. T.S.: L.S. */,, 0,01 mm. — Pleur. Park. var. stauron. Grun. A. D. p. 57. Brackish water: Hudson River (Grun.). 12. G. Fasciola Eus. (1839). — V. lanceolate, attenuated into long, linear beaks, curved in opposite directions. L. 0,09 to 0,15; B. 0,015 to 0,o24 mm. Median line central, straight in the middle of the valve. T.S.: LS. 7/,4, 73/5 in 0,01 mm. — Ceratoneis Fusciola Eup. Abh. 1839 (accord. to Chase). Plewr. Fasciola W. Sm. B. D. I p. 67 Pl. XXI f. 211. Grun. A. D. p. 58. V. H. Syn. p. 119 Pl. XXI f. 8. Hunpry T. M. Soc. 1862 X p. 152. Per. VIII f. 36 to 38. Marine: Spitsbergen! North Sea! California! Barbados! Var. sulcata Grun. (1880). —- Longitudinal strie strong. T.S. : LS. %/,, (Grun.), 2"), 23/4, in 0,01 mm. — P. (Fasc. var.?) sulcatum Grun. A. D. p. 55 Pl. IV f. 75. V. H. Syn. XXI f. 7. Per. VIII f. 43. Marine: Sea of Kara (Grun.), Spitsbergen! Firth of Tay (Grove), Mouth of Seine! Var. tenuirostris Grun. (1880). — L. 0,14 to 1,16; B. 0,011 to 0,o12 mm. T.S.: L.S. 5, 23/,, in 0,o1 mm. — P. (Fase. var.?) tenuirostris Grun. A. D. p. 55 Pl. IV f. 76. Pur. VIIT f. 42. Marine: Sea of Kara (Grun.). Var. arcuata Donk. (1858). — V. lanceolate. Ends more suddenly produced into long, narrow beaks curved in contrary directions. L. 0,1 to 0,115; B. 0,012 mm. Median line central, straight. Transv. strie 24 to 25 (Grun.) in 0,01 mm.; longitudinal finer. — Pleur. arcuat. Don. T. M. S. VI p. 25 Pl. WI f. 10. Psp. VIII f. 34, 35. Marine: Coast of Sweden (Grun.)! England (Donk.). ; Gyros. Fasciola is intimately connected with G. distortum var. Parkeri, and by the Var. tenuirostris, with G. macrum. KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. w:o 2, 117 13. G. macrum W. Sm. (1853). — V. narrow, lanceolate, abruptly attenuated into very long and narrow beaks, curved in contrary directions. L. 0,2 to 0,27; B. 0,01 mm. Median line central. Transv. strive 27 to 28 in 0,01 mm., Jongitudinal more than 30 in 0,01 mm. — Pleur. macr. W. Su. B. D. I p. 67 Pl. XXXI f. 276. V. H. Syn. p. 119 Pl. XXI f. 9. Pur. VIII f. 41. Marine: Sea of Kara (Grun.), North Sea! Mediterranean Sea (Grun.). 14. G. prolongatum W. Sm. (1852). — V. narrow, lanceolate, gradually attenuated into long beaks, curved in contrary directions. L. 0,11 to 0,25; B. 0,005 to 0,o15 mm. Transverse strie 21 to 22 in 0,01 mm., longit. finer. — Pleur. prol. W. Sm. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. [2] IX pF PLL 7. B.D. 1 p. 67 Pl XXIT£ 212. Por. Vil f. 39. Marine: North Sea! Balearic Islands! Var. closteroides GRuN. (1884). — Beaks turned in the same directions. Transv. strie 22 in 0,01 mm. — Pleur. prol. var. closteroides Grun. Franz Josephs Land D. p. 105 (53) Pl. I f. 58. Per. VIII f. 40. Marine: Coasts of England (Grun.). . 15. G. tenuissimum W. Sm. (1853). — V. very narrow, linear-lanceolate, slightly sigmoid, acute. L. 0,11 to 0,22; B. 0,005 to 0,015 mm. Median line central. Transv. strie 18 to 22 in 0,01 mm. longitud. finer. — Pleur. tenuiss. W. Sm. B. D. I p. 67 Pl. XXII f. 213. Per. VIII f. 13. Marine: Sea of Kara! East coasts of England (W. Sm.), Triest! California! Var. subtilissima Grun. (1880). — L. 0,137; B. 0,0065 mm. Transy. strie 27 in 0,01 mm. — Pleur. ten. var. subt. Grun. A. D. p. 58. Marine: Sea of Kara (Grun.). Var. hyperborea Grun. (1880). — V. linear, sigmoid. L. 0,084 to 0,094; B. 0,006 to 0,007 mm. T.S.: L.S. 24/53, 22/4 in 0,01 mm. — Pleur. ten. var. hyperb. Grun. A. D. p. 58 Pl. IV f. 77. Per. VIII f. 14. Marine: Sea of Kara (Grun.). Gyros. tenuissimum connects G. prolongatum with G. Spencerii by the Var. hyperborea. 16. G. Spencerii W. Sm. (1852). — V. linear-lanceolate, sigmoid, obtuse. L. 0.078 to 0,22; B. 0,012 to 0,025 mm. Median line central. Transv. striz more distant than the longitudinal. TS. : LS. 55, 7 /oq, 22/24 in 0,01 mm. — Pleur. Spenceriti W. Sm. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. [2] Ix p. 12 Pl. Il f 15. B. D.I p. 68 Pl. XXII f. 218. ° P. Spence. var. Smitha Grun. A. D. p. 59. V. H. Syn. p. 118 Pl. XXI f. 15. Pzr. VIII f. 21, 23. P. Spenc. var. Arnottii Grun. A. D. p. 59, P. Spenc. var. borealis Grun. A. D. p. 60. Pur. VIII f. 15. P. Spence. var. Antillarum Grun. A. D. p. 60. P. Spenc. var. curvula Grun. A. D. p. 60. V. H. Syn. p. 118 Pl. XXI f. 3, 4, 5. Pur. VIII f. 20, 24. Brackish water: Spitsbergen! Sea of Kara! North Sea! Saxony! Canada! New York! West Indies! Bombay (Grove Coll.)! Var. exilis Grun. (1880). — L. 0,05 to 0,055; B. 0,oo7 mm. Transy. strive 28 to 29 in 0,01 mm. — P. Spenc. var. exilis Grun. A. D. p. 60. Purr. VIII f. 25. Brackish water: Normandy (Grun.), Tasmania! Var. minutula Grun. (1880). —- L. 0,06; B. 0,01 mm. T.S.: LS. 74/5, 4/95 in 0,01 mm. — P. Spence. var. min. Grun. A. D. p. 60. Brackish water: Elbe (Grun.). Var. nodifera Grun. (1880). — V. linear, slightly sigmoid, obtuse. L. 0,06 to 0,1; B. 0,011 mm. Median line central. Central nodule surrounded by an elongated, oblique area. ‘Transv. strie slightly radiate in the middle. T.S. : L.S. !%/g9, %/5; in 0,01 mm. — P. nodif. Grun. A. D. p- 59. PB. Spenc. var. nod. V. H. Syn. p. 118. Pl. XXI f. 13. Per. VIII f. 26. Fresh water: Mouth of Elbe (Grun.), Belgium (V. H.), Samoa (Grun.). 118 bp. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. 17. G. Grovei Cu. (1891). — V. linear, sigmoid at the attenuated, obliquely rounded, ends. L. 0,4 to 0,6; B. 0,03 to 006 mm. Central nodule obliquely elliptical. Median line central, scarcely flexuose. T.S.: LS. 9, in 0,01 mm. — Pleur. Groveii Pur. p. 22 Pl. VIII f. 1. Brackish water: Java! Singapore! 18. G. spectabile Grun. (1891). — V. sigmoid, linear, obtuse. L. 0,3 to 0,34; B. 0,04 mm. Median line central, sigmoid, enclosed between two siliceous strings. Central nodule small, elongated. Terminal areas large. T.S. : L.S. 18/,; in 0,01 mm. — Pleur. spect. Per. p. 21 Pl. VII f. 14. Brackish water: Brazil! This isolated species is very interesting, as the eentral nodule and the median line recall those of Frustulia and Navicule Orthostiche. 19. G. sealproides Rasy. (1861). — V. slightly sigmoid, linear, with obliquely rounded ends. L. 0,058 to 0,068; B. 0,01 mm. Median line straight. Central nodule elongated. Median transv. strie somewhat radiate. T.S.: L.S. 7/4) in 0,01 mm. — Pleur. scalproides Rasy. Alg. Eur. N:o 1101. Grun. A. D. p. 60. V. H. Syn. p. 119 Pl. XXI f. 1. P. Spencerti var. scalpr. Per. VIII f. 31. Fresh water: Germany! U. States, Kansas River! Cameroon, Africa! Var. (Endosigma) eximia Tuw.. (1856). — V. linear, obliquely truncate. L. 0,06 to 0,08; B. 0,009 to 0,01 mm. Median line straight, somewhat excentric in the ends. T.S. : L.8. 73/.,, 75/og in 0,01 mm. Frustules enclosed in gelatinous tubes. —- Colletonema cxim. Tow. in W. Sm. B. D. II p. 69 Pl. LVI f. 350. Pleur. exim. V. H. Syn. p. 119 Pl. XXI f. 2. Pur. VIII f. 47. Fresh water: Sweden (Gulf of Bothnia, Upsala)! England (W. Sm.), Belgium (V. H.), Bengal! Var. obliqua Grun. (1880). — V. linear, obliquely truncate. L. 0,069; B. 0,0145 mm. Central area elongated, oblique. Median line straight, curved at the ends, central. T.S.: LS. 7?/,, in 0,01 mm. — Pleur. obl. Grun. A. D. p. 56. Purr. VII f. 34. Brackish water: Sierra Leone (Grun.), U. States! Savannah, Ga.! 20. G. Temperei Cr. (1893). — V. linear, with obligely truncate and rounded ends. L. 0,14; B. 0,014 mm. Median line central, straight, curved only at the ends. Central nodule small, elongated. T.S. : L.S. 77/35. —- Diatomiste II p. 55 Pl. III f. 3. Brackish water: Connecticut! This form has nearly the same outline as P. balticum, but is smaller and has closer striation. 21. G. plagiostomum Grun. (1880). — V. linear, with obliquely rounded ends. L. 0,1 B. 0,013 mm. Median line central, slightly flexuose. Central nodule large, glongated and oblique. Transv. and longit. strie equidistant, 18 to 19 in 0,01 mm. — Pleur. plag. Grun. A. D. p. 56. Per. VIT f. 33. Marine: Seychelles (Grun.), Sierra Leone! Barbados! Pleur. sciotense Suuurv. (1854 Sillim. J. XXVII p. 251; Grun. A. D. p. 59), which seems to be the same as Pl. Wansbeckit Pur. VII f. 25, 26, is probably only a variety of G. playiostomum. Specimens from Hudson River (Icon. nost. Pl. VI (Part II Pl. I) f. 5) differ from that form in their somewhat larger size (L. 0,14 to 0,16; B. 0,016 to 0,018 mm. T.S.: LS. 16/19, 8/19 in 0,01 mm.). 22. G. balticum Ens. (1830). — V. linear, with obliquely truncate and obtuse ends. L. 0,2 to 0,4; B. 0,024 to 0,040 mm. Median line slightly excentric and somewhat flexnose. Cen- tral area small, oblique. Transv. and longit. strie equidistant, 11 to 16 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. baltica Ens. Abh. 1830 p. 114 (accord. to Chase). Pleur. balticum W. Sm. B. D. I 66 p. XXII f. 207. Jan. Rasy. Honduras D. Pl. Il] f. 3. V. H. Syn. p. 117 Pl. XX f. 1. Per. VIF. 19, 20. P. Makron Jounst. M. J. VIII p. 15. Brackish and marine: Baltic! North. Sea! Caspian Sea (Grun.). Mediterranean Sea! Adriatic! Red Sea! Java! Sumatra! Sandwich Islands! Samoa! Magellans Strait! Brazil! West Indies! At- lantic coasts of U. States! KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. w:o 2. 119 Var. similis Grun. (1880). — V. linear, with obtuse ends. L. 0,10 to 0,2; B. 0,02 to 0,024 mm. Median line central, slightly sigmoid, ending below the apices of the valve. Central area small. Striz equidistant, 16 to 17 in 0,o2 mm. — Pleur. simile Grun. A. D. p. 56. Purr. VII f. 27. Fresh or brackish water: Lagos (Grun.), Java! Samoa (Grun.), Tasmania! China! Barbados! Var. sinensis Ens. (1847). -- V. gibbous in the middle and with incrassate ends. LL. 0,1 to 0,2; B. 0,013 to 0,022 mm. Median line strongly flexuose. T.S.: L.S. %/,, in 0,01 mm. — Nav. sin. Ens. Ber. 1847 p. 485 (accord. to Chase). M. G. XXXIV, 7. f. 11. Per. VII f. 11. Pl. sin. var. caleuttensis Grun. A. D. p. 57. Per. VIT f. 12. Var. californica Grun. (1879). — V. linear, slightly sigmoid, with gradually attenuated ends. L. 0,25 to 0,28; B. 0,028 mm. Transv. and longit. strie equidistant, 14 to 15 in 0,01 mm. — Pleur. balt. var. calif. Grun. in Cl. M. D. No 246. Per. VIT f. 22. Brackish water: California! 23. G. diminutum Grun. (1880). — V. linear, with obliquely truncate and rounded ends. L. 0,1 to 0,11; B. 0,016 mm. Median line strongly flexuose, excentric towards the ends. T.S.: LS. 8/oo, logs 73/og In 0,01 mm. — Pleur. (balt. var.?) dim. Grun. A. D. p. 56. Pzr. VII f. 31, 32. Marine: Balearic Islands! Adriatic (Grun.)! Var. constricta Grun. (1880). — V. gibbous in the middle and at the ends. L. 0,1; B. 0,013 mm. T.S.: LS. 4/, in 0,01 mm. — Pleur. (balt. var.?) constr. Grun. A. D. p. 57. Per. VII f. 13. Pleur. reversum Gree. D. of Clyde p. 530 Pl. XIV f. 105. Pr. VIT f. 10? Marine: Adriatic (Grun.). Pl. biharense Pant. III Pl. XLIT f. 581 seems to be an akin form. 24. G. Wansbeckii Donk. (1858). — V. linear, tapering towards the slightly curved and obliquely rounded ends. L. 0,11 to 0,17; B. 0,015 mm. Median line excentric, sigmoid. T.S. : L.S. 18/4, 2%, in O01 mm. — Pleur. balt. @ W. Sm. B. D. Pl. XXII f. 207 g. Pl. Wansb. Donx. T. M.S. VI p. 24 Pl. TI f. 7. Pur. VII f. 23. 24. Brackish and marine: Sea of Kara! North Sea! Var. Peisonis Grun. (1860). — L. 0,09; B. 0,01 mm. T.S. : LS. ?!/,;, 243/,, in 0,01 mm. — Pleur. Peis. Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 562 Pl. VI f. 8. P. Spencerti var. Peis. Grun. A. D. p. 60. Per. VIII f. 27. Brackish water: Sonderburg (Grun.), Neusiedler See, Hungary (Grun.)! Var. subsalina Pur. (1891). — L. 0,12 to 0,17; B. 0,o12 mm. TS. : LS. 18/45. — Pleur. Spencerti var. subs. Per. p. 24 Pl. VIII f. 16, 17. Brackish water: Médoc, France (Per.). 25. G. (Rhoicosigma) arcticum Cx. (1873). — V. slightly sigmoid, tapering from the middle to the subacute or obliquely rounded ends. L. 0.07 to 0,2; B. 0,014 to 0,02 mm. Median line more sigmoid than the valve, sometimes slightly sinuose. T.S.: L.S. 7%/y, 74/39, ?3/g9 in 0,01 mm. Frustule more or less arcuate to almost straight. — Rhoicosigma arcticum Cu. D. Arc. Sea p. 18 Pl. TU £16. Pur. X f. 16; 17, Marine: Greenland! Spitsbergen! Sea of Kara! Finmark! Grip in Norway! Firth of Tay! Barbados! Kerguelens Land! This species varies in amount of flexure. Specimens from Kerguelens Land, named by Grunow Donkinia subflexuosa (Icon. n. Pl. VI (Part II Pl. I) f. 3, 4), are straight, so also are speci- mens from Barbados, but otherwise they differ in nothing of importance. The ends are subacute or obliquely rounded according to the position of the valve. As a Var. irregularis Pzracauio has (p. 33 Pl. X f. 18) figured an asymmetrical form from the North Sea, which requires a more accurate study. 26. (Donkinia) rectum Donk. (1858). — V. convex, linear, straight, with obliquely rounded ends. L. 0,11 to 0,23; B. 0,013 to 0,02 mm. Median line strongly excentric and sigmoid. Transverse 120 P. I. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. and oblique striz almost equidistant, 19 to 20 in 0,01 mm. — Pleur. rectum Donk. T. M. 8. VI p. 23 Pl. III f. 6. Amphiprora Ralfsii Arnort M. J. VI p. 91 (1858) ad spec. authentica. Donkinia recta V. H. Syn. p. 119 Pl. XVID f. 9. Per. IX f. 4. P. Lorenzii Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 558 Pl. Vif 4, Per. VIL £. 17. Marine: North Sea! Mediterranean Sea! Adriatic! Labuan! China! Port Jackson! Florida! Var. intermedia Pur. (1891). — V. more lanceolate, with less asymmetrical ends. — Donkinia recta var, int. Pur. p. 30 Pl. IX f. 7, 8. Marine: Cherbourg (Per.), Firth of Tay! Var. Thumii Cu. (1891). — L. 0,1 to 0,13; B. 0,011 to 0,o12 mm. TS. : L.S. 24/,,, 78/og, 28/0, in 0,01 mm. — Donkinia Thumii Pur. p. 30 Pl. VIT f 28, IX f. 10. Marine: Balearic Islands! Seychelles! Sumatra! Var. minuta Donk. (1858). — Smaller. L. 0,06; B. 0,o12 mm. Strize 19 in 0,01 mm. — Pleur. minutum Donk. T. M.S. VI p. 24, Pl. TIT f. 8. Donkinia min. Raurs in Pritch. Inf. p. 921 (1861). Per. IX f. 9. Marine: Newcastle! Firth of Tay! 27. G. lineare Grun. (1880). — V. narrow, linear, almost straight, unilaterally narrowed towards the ends. L. 0,17 to 0,26; B. 0,01 to 0,015 mm. Median line sigmoid, strongly excentric. T.S. : LS. 29/4, 2/g, in 0,01 mm. — Rhoic. lineare Grun. A. D. p. 59. Per. IX f. 11 (median line incorrectly represented as central). Marine: Adriatic! Seychelles (Grun.), Port Jackson! Colon! Var. longissima Cu. (1881). — V. very narrow, with obliquely rounded ends. L.. 0,16 to 0,17; B. 0,007 mm. T.S.: L.S. 18/,, 72/5 in 0,01 mm. — Pleur. (Donk.?) long. Cu. N. R. D. p. 6 Pl. Lt. 8. Pap: Vil 4, 16. Marine: Mediterranean Sea (Gulf of Naples, Balearic Islands)! 28. G. angustum Donk. (1858). — V. very convex, thin, linear, with unilaterally attenuate, acute ends. L. 0,126 to 0,14; B. 0,015 mm, Median line diagonal in the middle and then marginal. TS. : LS. %/,. in 0,01 mm. — Pleur. angustum Donx. T. M. 8. VI p. 24 Pl. IIL f. 9. Donkinia angusta Raurs in Pritch. Inf. p. 921 (1861). Pur. IX f. 3. Marine: England (Donk.), Balearic Islands! Var. sumatrana Cu. -— Less convex. L. 0,14; B. 0,018 mm. TS. : LS. 2%/,, in 0,01 mm. Median line less excentric. Marine: Sumatra (Deby Coll.)! 29. P. (Rhoicos.) compactum Grev. (1857). — Frustule arcuate, with dissimilar valves. V. short, linear, unilaterally attenuated to the obliquely rounded ends. L. 0,089 to 0,4; B. 0,015 to 0,05 mm. Upper valve with straight diagonal, median line T.S. : L.S. ¥/45, 14/53, !/y), 4/4) in 0,01 mm. Lower valve with strongly excentric and sigmoid median line. T.S. : L.S. ¥/., '%/19, 17/5, '8/ao, 19/,,, 1/4 in 0,o1 mm. — Lower valve: Pleur. comp. Grev. M. J. V. p. 12 Pl. IIL f. 9. Donkinia comp. Ratrs in Pritch. Inf. p. 921 (1861). Rhoic. comp. Grun. M. M. J 1877 p. 182. Pur. p. 33 Pl. X f. 7, 8. Rhote. oceanicum Pr. |. c. f. 5, 12, 15. Rhote. corsicanum Per. 1. c. Rhoic. Antillarum Cu. West. Ind. D. p. 9 Pl. IL f. 14. Pleur. Smithianum Castr. Voyage Challenger D. p- 38 Pl. XXVIII f. 6? Donkinia antiqua Grove and Sturt J. Queck. M. Cl. IIT [2] p. 133 (1887)? — Upper valve: Rhoic. Reichardtianum Grun. Hedwigia VI p. 11 (1867). M. M. J. 1877 p. 181 Pl. CXCV f. 19. Rhoic. compactum Pzr. p. 33 Pl. X f. 6, 8, 10, 18. d Marine: La Rochelle (Petit Coll.)! Mediterranean Sea! Adriatic! Red Sea! Sumatra! Philip- pines! Port Jackson! Samoa! Tahiti! Galapagos Islands! Honduras (Grun.), West Indies! Var. constricta Grun. (1877). -— V. slightly constricted in the middle, with subcuneate ends. L. 0,13; B. 0,02 mm. TS. : LS. %/\9, 18/59 in 0,01 mm. — Rhoie. (Reichardtii var.?) constr. GRUN. M. M. J. 1877 p. 181. Marine: Honduras (Grun.)! Adriatic (Grun.)! KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. wo 2, 121 This species is very variable as to size and number of the strie, so that I cannot admit the separation of Rhoic. compactum and Rhoic. oceanicum Pur. According to PERAGALLO Gyr. com- pactum has 20 to 24 transverse and closer longitudinal strie, but I have not seen such closely striate forms, which are said to be frequent. Most specimens I have seen agree with Rhoic. ocea- nicum. The fact that the valves of the same frustule are dissimilar, discovered by PERAGALLO, is of great interest. The striation of the valves is somewhat dissimilar. On specimens from La Rochelle I counted on the lower valve 19 transv. and 24 longit. striz in 0,01 mm. and on the upper valve 16 transy. and 23 longit. striz in 0,01 mm. 30. G. (Rhoicosigma) mediterraneum Cu. (1877). — V. narrow, with acute ends. L. 0,18 to 0,24; B. 0,022 to 0,o025 mm. Median line diagonal in the middle and then marginal. T.S.: L.S. 18/555 "fog 1°/o7 in 0,01 mm. — Rhoic. medit. Cr. T. R. M. 8. 1877 p. 182. N. R. D. p. 6 Pl. If. 9. Pur. IX f. 29 to 32. Marine: Balearic Islands! Adriatic! Sumatra (Deby Coll.)! Java! Var. calcarea Brun (1891). — V. smaller, with less acute ends and less asymmetrical median line. T.S. : LS. 295/,, in 0,01 mm. — Pur. p. 32 Pl. IX f. 28. Marine: Japan, fossil (Per.). Var. chinensis Cu. — L. 0,14; B. 0,018 mm. Median line as in the type. T.S.: L.S. %3/,, in 0,01 mm. Marine: China (Deby Coll.)! 31. G. (Rhoicosigma) robustum Gron. (1880). — V. narrow lanceolate, sigmoid, gradually tapering from the middle to the acute ends. L. 0,27 to 0,6; B. 0,04 to 0,o6 mm. Median line sigmoid, excentric. T.S.: L.S. "jo, V3, 1/43 in 0,01 mm. — Pleur. (Rhoic.?) robustum Grun. A. D. p. 58. Rhoic. robustum Per. X f. 2, 3. Marine: Mediterranean Sea! Java! Singapore! Samoa! Galapagos Islands! Campeachy Bay! Var. inflexa Pur. (1891). — Valve more narrow and sigmoid. — Perr. p. 34 Pl. X f. 4. Marine: Mediterranean Sea! Frustulia Ac. (1824). Both valves similar. Central nodule small, indistinct or elongated. Median line enclosed between two siliceous ribs. Terminal nodules small, sometimes elongated; terminal fissures not distinct. No axial or central area. Structure: puncta arranged in transverse and longitudinal strie. Connecting zone simple. Cellcontents: two endochrome-plates along the interior wall of the connecting zone, in the middle of the valve separated a from the wall by hemispherical plasma- masses. On division of the plates, they do not move in the cells; the fission begins at the ends of the plate (Prrrzzr Bau u. Entw. p. 58). On conjugating, two frustules form by their cell-contents a mass, which is transformed into two cylindrical bodies, with obtuse, rounded ends, coarsely transversely costate, parallel to the empty valves. The ends of these bodies form, later on, caps, which are thrown off. The bodies become conical, and gradually the valves are developed, one after the other. When full-grown they are twice as long as the mother-cells (Pritzer Bau u. Entw. p. 58). From the description of the cell-contents and the process of conjugation it seems that Fru- stulia and Navicula differ considerably in these respects. Some species of Frustulia (of the group of F. rhomboides) are, as far as regards the valve, nearly akin to the Navicule orthostiche and, on the other hand to Amphipleura. The central nodule, usually small, becomes in same forms (N. rhomboides var. amphipleuroides) united to the strong siliceous strings, which enclose the median line, as in Amphipleura, but the central nodule is in K. Sv. Vet. Akademiens Handlingar. Bd 26. N:o 2. 16* 122 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. the latter genus much larger. Several species of Frustulia (as F. vulgaris) live enclosed in gela- tinous tubes and have been considered as belonging to a separate genus (Colletonema Tuaw.); others live in gelatinous masses (Frustulia Ag., Exs., Kirz.). No generic distinctions may be founded on such characteristics. Brisisson founded 1868 (Ann. de la Soc. phytol. et microsc. de Belgique, Vol. I p. 201) the genus Van Heurckia on the peculiar structure of the central nodule and the median line. With Pritzzer I am inclined to retain the old name F'rustulia. Artificial key. i pee rhomboid to lanceolate . Ax ; ab fy A. as Uae RAY lee, linear to elliptic-linear . i ‘ Bo aR eh ie me ah ih 4. 9. a small. L. 0,028 to 0,03 mm. S. git Arta of .. . F. styriaca Grun. — larger. L. 0,05 or more. . : : Bd, ta RS Ge See ty AP 3. 3. oe strie slightly radiate . A Se Be . . FF. vulgaris Taw. — parallel cis oe a . F. rhomboides Exp. 4. as nodules near the margin © /© we et ee es F. interposita Lewis. distant from — a ce . . F. Lewisiana Grev. 1. F. styriaca Grown. (1880). — V. narrow rhombic-lanceolate. L. 0,028 to 0,03; B. 0,005 to 0,oo6 mm. Central nodule elongated. Strie slightly radiate, also at the ends, about 24 (middle) to 27 (ends) in 0,01 mm. — Nav. (Vanheurckia?) styriaca Grun. V. H. Syn. Pl. XVII f. 7, 8. Fresh water? . I have not seen this species, which has the appearance of a small F. rhomboides. 2. F. vulgaris Tuw. (1847). — V. narrow-lanceolate, with subrostrate, obtuse ends. L. 0,05—0,07; B. 0,011 mm. Central nodule elongated. Strie 24 (middle) to 34 (ends) in 0,01 mm., slightly radiate in the middle, transverse at the ends. Frustules enclosed in unbranched gelatinous tubes. — Colletenema vulgaris Tuw. Ann. N. H. (2) I Pl. XI f. 4. W. Sm. B. D. II p. 70 Pl. LVI f. 351. Grun. Banka D. II f. 15. Nav. dirhynchus Donk. B. D. Pl. V f. 3 (1871) Ehb.? Kiitz? Vanheurckia vulgaris V. H. Syn. p. 112 Pl. XVII f. 6. Fresh water: Sweden! Norway! Finland! Saxony! Belgium (V. H.), Switzerland (Brun.), Siberia! Japan! Bengal! Australia (Orara River, Blue mountains etc.)! Tasmania! Ecuador! Var. asymmetrica Cu. — V. elliptical, asymmetrical, with obtuse ends. Median line excen- tric, more approximate to the less convex margin. Terminal nodules at some distance from the ends of the valve. Strie 22 to 30 in 0,01 mm., somewhat radiate in the middle and closer at the ends, punctate; puncta arranged in longitudinal undulating rows, 19 to 23 in 0,01 mm. — Pl. V f. 29. Brackish water: Sierra Leone! Cameroon! Tasmania! Newark N. Jers. fossil (Champlain epoch)! 3. F. rhomboides Exp. (1843). — V. rhombic-lanceolate, with obtuse ends. L. 0,07 to 0,16; B. 0,015 to 0,o3 mm. Central nodule small or elongated. Transverse strie parallel, 23 to 24 in 0,o1 mm.; longitudinal strie 20 to 25 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. rhomboides Eus. Am. III: 1 f. 15? W. Su. B. D. I Pl. XVI f. 129. Gruyn. Banka D. Pl. ID f. 14. Vanheurckia rhomb. Brus. Ann. Soc. phyto. et micr. de Belgique Vol. I p. 204 (1868). V. H. Syn. p. 112 Pl. XVII f. 1, 2. Fresh water: Sweden! Finland (from Russian Lapland to Abo)! England! Belgium (V. H.), Bengal! Australia (Daintree River, Blue Mountains)! New Zealand! Greenland! Canada! Sierra Nevada! White Mountains! Demerara River! Brazil! Var. lineolata Eup. (1843). — V. with several coarse longitudinal furrows. — N. lineolata Exus. Am. Pl. J: 3 f. 4a? M. G. Pl. XVI: 1 f. 3 ete. Fresh water: Sweden (Degernis, fossil)! Bengal! New Zealand, fossil! Var. oregonica Cu. — V. narrow. L. 0,1; B. 0,015 mm. Transverse striz 30, longitudinal 25 in 0,01 mm. ; Fresh water: Oregon, fossil! KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. N:o 2. 123 Var. amphipleuroides Gruy. (1880). — L. 0,13; B. 0,02 mm. Central nodule elongated; median line slightly excentric. Transverse strize 23, longitudinal striae 18 to 19 in 0,01 mm. — Van- heurckia rhomb. var. amphipl. Grun. A. D. p. 47 Pl. IIT f. 59. Fresh water: Finland (Russian Lapland, Ladoga)! Mouth of Jenissey! Vancouver Island (Grove Coll.)! Var. saxonica Rasu. (1851). — V. lanceolate, with rostrate ends. L. 0,05 to 0,07; B. 0,013 to 0,o2 mm. Striz fine, 34 to 35 (V. H. Syn.). -- Frustulia saxonica Rasu. (Bac. exc. N:o 42. Fl. E. Alg. p. 227). Grun. Banka D. Pl. I f. 13. Nav. crassinervia Bris. in W. Sm. B. D. p. 47 Pl. XXXII f. 271 (1853). Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 548 Pl. V f. 12. Donx. B. D. p. 42 Pl. VI f. 12. Vanheurckia crass. Bris. Ann. Soc. phyto. et microgr. de Belgique Vol. I p. 204 (1868). Fresh water: Spitsbergen (Lagerst.), Beeren Eiland (Lagerst.), Sweden! Finland! Germany! Australia (Blue Mountains, Daintree River)! New Zealand! Bengal! Var. viridula Briss. (1849). — Frustules in gelatinous tubes. V. elongated, with broad, obtuse ends. L. 0,08 to 0,11; B. 0,015 mm. Striz 28 to 30 in 0,01 mm. (V. H.). — Colleton. viridulum Brés. in Kiitz. Sp. A. p. 105. Vanheurckia virid, Bris. Ann. Soc. phyt. et micr. de Belgique Vol. I p. 203 (1868). V. H. Syn. p.112 Pl. XVII f. 3. Frustulia torphacea A. Br. in Rabh. Alg. Sachs. N:o 761 (1858). Fresh water: Germany! France (Bréb.). 4. KF. interposita Lewis (1865). — V. linear-elliptical, with broad, rounded ends. L. 0,12 to 0,18; B. 0,025 to 0,027 mm. Central nodule small, terminal nodules small, approximate to the ends: Transverse strie 20, longitudinal 18 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. interposita Luwis Proc. Ac. Philad. 1865 Pl. If f. 19. Nav. Martonfii Panr. IIT Pl. XVIT f. 247 (1893)? Brackish water: Sierra Leone! Bombay (Grove Coll.)! Savannah Ga.! Oakland, Calif.! South America (Lewis), Hungary, Tallya fossil (Grun.). Var. labuensis Cu. (1883). — Narrow elliptic-lanceolate with obtuse ends. L. 0,065 to 0,072; B. 0,015 mm. Transverse strie 17; longitudinal 18 to 21 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. OW. var. lab. Cu. Vega p. 496. Marine: Labuan! Var. incomperta Lewis (1865). — Transverse striz about 27, longitudinal 22 to 23 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. incomperta Lewis 1. c. f. 20. Brackish water: Atlantic coasts of U. States (Lewis). Var. Julient Brun a. Hiri. (1893). — L. 0,07; B. 0,012 to 0,o17 mm. Transverse striz about 28, longitudinal 20 in 0,01 mm. — JN. Jul. Brun a. Héris. D. d'Auvergne p. 199 Pl. VI f. 8, 9. Brackish water: Auvergne, fossil! 5. KF. Lewisiana Grev. (1863). —- V. linear, with broad, rounded ends. L. 0,19 to 0,21; B. 0,035 to 0,o38 mm. Central nodule small, terminal nodules elongated and linear, at some distance from the ends. Transverse striz parallel in the middle, convergent at the ends, 24 in 0,01 mm. Longitudinal strie 25 in 0,01 mm. irregularly undulating. — Nav. n. sp. Lewis Proced. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phil. Pl. IT f. 3 (1861). Nav. Lewis. Grev. T. M. 8. XI p. 15 Pl. I f. 7 (1863). Vanheurckia Lewisiana Bris. Ann. Soc. phytol. et microgr. Belgique Vol. I p. 202 (1868). Brackish water: Sierra Leone! Cameroon! India (Wallich), Batavia! Sendai, Japan, fossil! Brazil (Brun Coll.)! Florida and Georgia (Lewis). Stenoneis Cui. N. Gen. Valve narrow, with rounded ends. Central and terminal nodules very small. Median line indistinct, bordered by two strong linear silicious ribs. Structure: fine, transverse, strie. Axial area indistinct. 124 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. This genus includes one species only, which I cannot place in any other group. The thick lines on both sides of the median line seem to point to some relation to Frustulia. 1. S. inconspicua Grue. (1857). — V. linear, frequently gibbous in the middle, with broad, rounded ends. L. 0,05; B. 0,007 mm. Central nodule very small; terminal nodules small, some- what distant from the ends. Median line bordered by two strong, siliceous ribs. Axial area indistinct. Central area a broad, transverse fascia. Striz 26 in 0,01 mm., parallel throughout. — N.? inconspicua Grua. D. of Clyde p. 478 Pl. IX f. 3. MW. Fistula A. S. N.S. D. Pl II f. 29 (1874). Stenon. incomp. Icon. n. Pl. V f. 28. Marine: North Sea! Scotland (Greg.), Bohuslin! Balearic Islands! Var. Baculus Cu. (1883). — L. 0,065; B. 0,007 mm. Striz 19 in 0,01 mm., crossed in the middle by a narrow lateral area. — N. Baculus Cu. Vega p. 474 Pl. XXXVII f. 51. Marine: North Siberian Sea, Cape Wankarema! Cistula Cu. N. G. Valve broad (of the only known species, rectangular). Central nodule very small.. Median line between two siliceous ribs; its central pores very approximate. Structure: slightly radiate striz, crossed by several longitudinal, blank bands. This group contains but one species, which 1 am unable to place in any other. The peculiar form of the median line is nearly the same as in Stenoneis and Frustulia. 1. €. Lorenziana Grun. (1860). — V. rectangular, sometimes slightly gibbcus in the middle and at the ends. Strie slightly radiate throughout, 17 in 0,01 mm., composed of elongated puncta, arranged in regular longitudinal rows, 12 in 0,01 mm., angularly bent in the middle. — Nav. Lo- renziana Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 547 Pl. III f. 3. Nav.? Cistella Grev. T. M.S. XI p. 19 Pl I fig. 12 to 14 (1863). Cistula Lor. Icon. n. Pl. I f. 81. Marine: South coast of England (Roper), Balearic Islands! Adriatic! Queensland (Grev.)! Port Jackson! Campeachy Bay! Brebissonia Grun. (1860). Valve symmetrical, lanceolate or subrhomboid. Central nodule elongated. Terminal fissures almost straight. No longitudinal lines. Structure: coarse, transverse, costate strie and very fine puncta arranged in very fine longitudinal strie. Connecting zone simple. Cell-contents: a single chromatophore-plate as in Cymbella. The only species of this genus was in 1838 described by EHRENBERG as Cocconema Boeckit. It was in 1853 placed by W. Smiru in the genus Doryphora together with Rhaphoneis amphiceros. Grunow in 1860 formed for this species the genus Brebissonia (Verh. 1860 p. 512), principally characterized by the occurence of the symmetrical frustules on gelatinous stalks. Hxrpere in 1863 placed it in Navicula, a genus to which it has scarcely any affinity, and from which, according to the researches of Prirzer (Bau u. Entw. p. 76) it differs greatly in its cell-contents, which are similar to those of Cymbella. There is no doubt good reason for placing it in the separate genus Brebissonia. By its elongated central nodule it seems to approach to Amphipleara, but the structure of the valve is different, and is more like that of the group Lineolate in the Navicule. It is at any rate an isolated form of doubtful place in the system. The only known species occurs in brackish water attached by gelatinous stalks to water-plants. KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. N:0 2. 125 1. B. Boeckii Ens. (1838). — Frustule stipitate. V. lanceolate. L. 0,12; B. 0,023 mm. Central nodule elongated. Terminal fissures straight, at a short distance from the ends. Striz 10 (middle) to 13 (ends), radiate at the ends. Puncta of the exterior stratum forming fine lineole, about 30 in 0,01 mm. — Cocconema Boeckii Eus. Inf. Pl. XIX f. 5. Doryphora Boeckii W. Sm. B. D. Pl. XXIV f. 223. Brebissonia Boeckii Gruy. Verh. 1860 p. 512. Brackish water: Baltic (from Roslagen and Bay of Finland to Kiel)! Coasts of England! Connecticut to North Carolina! Var. minor Cu. — L. 0,058; B. 0,016 mm. Striz in the middle 12, at the ends 15 in 0,01 mm. Brackish water: Amsterdam (Kinker Coll.)! Amphipleura Kirz (1844). Valve elongated, fusiform or linear, without longitudinal lines or ridges. Central nodule elongated into a rib, extending throughout the whole valve, furcate towards the ends. Struc- ture: very fine puncta arranged in parallel, transverse and straight longitudinal striew. Cell- contents: two endochrome-plates along the inside of the connecting zone. Median plasma-mass distinct. On conjugating two cells give origin to two auxospores (»Berkeleya Dillwynii» Liiders Beob. p. 59). The genus Amphipleura was founded in 1844 by Kirzine (Bac. p. 103) for Frustulia pellu- cidu, known already by him in 1833. Nitzchia Sigma, under the name of Amphipleura rigida, was also included in the new genus. According to Kirzine and all later authors (compare the ideal section in Van Heurck synopsis Pl. XVII f. 14 A) the valve of Amphipleura has on both sides of the axis an elevated line or ridge, which I have always failed to discover. Certain small forms of Amphipleura live in gelatinous tubes, and for these the genera Berkeleya Grev. (1827), Rhaphi- dogloea (Kitz. 1844) were founded. They have also been included in Schizonema, Micromega, Bangia, Monema. Conferva etc., but there is no more reason for separating these forms from Amphi- pleura than for distinguishing Encyonema, Endosigma, Endostauron, Schizonema and Colletonema from Cymbella, Gyrosigma, Navicula and Frustulia. The frustules of the forms living in tubes are exactly similar to those of the true Amphipleura, only smaller. The shape of the gelatinous tubes is in my opinion of little importance. GRunow in 1880 (Bot. Centralblatt) wrote an elaborate monograph of these forms, to which I refer. The diatoms most nearly akin to Amphipleura are to be found in the genus Frustulia. In this genus one meets with forms, having a small central nodule and obscure median line, enclosed between two, strong interior silicious ridges, forming at the ends of the valve a »porte-crayon»- shaped figure. In some forms the central nodule becomes fused together with the siliceous ridges. If the fusion extends farther, we get the forms of the central nodule, characterizing Amphipleura. The »forks» in Amphipleura correspond to the »port-crayons» in Frustulia and to the »horns» in Diploneis. Another genus, to a certain degree akin to Amphipleura is Brebissonia. Perhaps the curious and isolated Hydrosilicon Brun, (Amphiprora rimosa O'Mzara) may be a distant relative. Amphipleura Debyi appears in some respects to be intermediate. All species of Amphipleura, except A. Debyi, are nearly related, have the same important characteristics, and differ only in the size, some slight differences in the outline, the length of the forks, and number of striz. They inhabit fresh as well as brackish or salt water. Fresh- water forms are larger, live free or enclosed in mucous, amorphous masses, the marine live enclosed in tubes. Of the freshwater-forms those living in warmer or tropical countries are the largest and in structure coarsest. 126 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. 1. Smaller, marine or brackish forms, enclosed in gelatinous tubes (Berkeleya, Raphidogloea). ' 1. A. rutilans Trenrzpoun (1806). — V. short and narrow, obtuse, linear-elliptical or linear- lanceolate. L. 0,015 to 0,035; B. 0,004 to 0,oo6 mm. Forks about 1/; as long as the length of the valve. Strie 28 in 0,01 mm., slightly radiate at the ends. — Conferva rutilans TRENv. in Roth Cat. HI p. 179. Berkeleya Dillwynii V. H. Syn. p. 113 Pl XVI f. 15. Schizonema Dillw. W. Sm. B. D. IL p. 77 Pl. LVIII f. 366. Berkel. obtusa V. H. Syn. Lc. f. 16 and var. adriatica f. 17, 18. ! Brackish and marine: Baltic (Gulf of Bothnia, at Torneé, Gotland, Bay of Finland)! Caspian Sea (Grun.)! North Sea, English Channel! Mediterranean Sea! Japan! Var. antarctica (Harw.) Grun. 1881. — Striew 36 in 0,01 mm. — Berkel. antarct. GRuN. in V. H. Syn. Pl. XVI f. 20. Berk. Harveyana Grun. 1. c. 14. Berk. parasitica Grun. 1. c. f. 19. Berk. finnica Danner. Baltic D. Pl. II f. 19 (1882)? Marine: North Sea (Grun.), Falklands Islands (Grun.), Friendly Islands (Grun.). 2. A. micans Lyne. (1819). — V. linear, with broad and rounded ends, elongated. L. 0,065 to 0,125; B. 0,01 mm. Forks more than 1/, of the length of the valve. Striz about 27 in 0,01 mm. — Bangia micans Lynas. Tentamen hydrophytol. p. 84 Pl. XXV. Berkeleya mic. Grun. in V. H. Syn. p. 113 Pl. XVI f. 11. Berk. pumila V. H. Syn. 1. c. f. 18. Berk. adriatica Grun. in T. R. M. 8. 1877 p. 180 Pl. CXCV f. 15. Marine: North Sea! Mediterranean Sea (Grun.), Adriatic (Grun.). Var. fragilis (Grev.) Gruy. — Strie 32 to 36 in 0,01 mm. — Berkel. fragilis Grev. Scot. Crypt. Fl. Pl. 294. V. H. Syn. Pl. XVI f. 12. Marine: North Sea (Grun.), Mediterranean Sea (Grun.). 2. Larger, brackish or freshwater forms, free or in mucous masses (Amphipleura). 3. A. pellucida Kirz. (1833). -- V. fusiform, acute. L. 0,08 to 0,14; 0,007 to 0,009 mm. Forks 0,02 mm. Transverse striz 387 in 0,01 mm. — Frustulia pelluc. Kitz. Linnea VIII Pl. 13 f. 11. Dec. N:o 83 (1834) accord. to Lagerst. A. pellucida Ktrz. Bac. p. 103 (1844). W. Sm. B. D. XV f. 127. Grun. Verh. 1862 p. 154. Grun. T. R. M. S. 1877 p. 179. V. H. Syn. p. 113 Pl. XVII f. 14, 15 A. Fresh and slightly brackish water: Baltic (Gotland, Dannf. Tornea!), Sweden (Malaren, Vestergétland)! Finland! Belgium (V. H.), England (W. Sm.), Austria (Grun.), Switzerland (Brun.), Japan! : Var. brasiliensis Cu. — L. 0,009; B. 0,01 mm. Forks 0,015 to 0,03 mm. Transverse strie 33, longitudinal 27 in 0,01 mm. — A. Lindheimert Grun. in Cl. M, D. N:o 298. Fresh water: Brazil! Ecuador! Var. Lindheimeri Grun. (1862). — L. 0,15 to 0,16; B, 0,024 mm. Forks 0,036 mm. Terminal nodules short, rounded. Transverse striz 26, longitudinal 26 in 0,01 mm. — A. Lindheim. Grun. Verh. 1862 p. 155 Pl. XIII f. 11. T. R. M. S. 1877 p. 179 Pl. CXCV Ff. 13. Fresh water: Texas (Grun.), Costa Rica (Grove). Var. intermedia Grun. (1877). — L. 0,019 to 0,2; B. 0,013 to 0,015 mm. Forks 0,044 mm. Terminal nodules short rounded. Strize somewhat finer than in var. Lindheimeri. — Grun. T. R. M. S. 1877 p. 179. Fresh water: Oregon, fossil (Grun.). Var. oregonica Grun. (1877). — 0,33; B. 0,027 mm. Forks 0,063 mm. Terminal nodules elongated, linear. Striz as in var. Lindheimeri. — Grun. 1. c. p. 179. Fresh water: Oregon, fossil (Grun.). 1 See GRuNows Monograph in Bot. Centralblatt 1880 N:o 47/,,. KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. w:o 2. 197 Var. maxima H. L. Smrru (1886). — L. 0,37; B. 0,04 mm. Forks 0,01 mm. Strie 32 in 0,o1 mm. — A. maxima Wa.xer and Chase N. R. D. p. 2 Pl. II f. 5. Fresh water: Oregon, fossil. Var. Truani V. H. — V. fusiform, acute. L. 0,26; B. 0,023 mm. Forks 0,006 mm. Terminal nodules elongated. Transverse and longitudinal striz 26 in 0,01 mm. — A. Lindheimeri var. Truani V. H. T. Nio 166. Truan D. Astur. Pl. II f. 34, 35 (according to De Toni). A. pell. var. Tr. Icon. n. Pl. VI (Part. I] Pl. I) f. 1. Fresh water: Spain! Var. recta Kirton (1884). — V. linear, with gently cuneate ends. L. 0,226; B. 0,019 mm. Forks 0,05 mm. Terminal nodules elongated. Strie 26 in 0,01 mm. — Krrron J. Quekett M. C. (2) II p. 21 Pl. IV f. 4. Marine: Japan (Kitton). Var. Schumannii Grun. (1877). — L. 0,18 to 0,02; B. 0,014 mm. Strive 16 in 0,01 mm. — A, pellucida Scuum. Preuss. D. II N. p. 53 PL If. 9. A. Schum. Grun. T. R. M. S. 1877 p. 180. Brackish water: Baltic (Schum.) 4. A. Weissflogii Grun. (1877). — V. linear, with rounded ends. L. 0,19 to 0,25; B. 0,012 to 0,013; Forks 0,06 to 0,o8 mm. Striz 25 in 0,01 mm. — Grun. T. R. M.S. 1877 p. 180 Pl. CXCV f. 14. Fresh water: Oregon, fossil (Grun.). 5. A. hungarica Pant. (1889). — V. narrow fusiform, obtuse. L. 0,08 to 0,1; B. 0,014 mm. Forks a third as long as the valve. Strie 11 in 0,01 mm. — Berkeleya hung. Pant. II p. 55 Pl. EX £. 168, Marine: Hungary, fossil (Pant.). A similar form, but with a longitudinal line (?) on each side of the median line is Berkeleya neogradensis Pant. III Pl. XXXVI f. 508 (1898). 6. A. Debyi Lzup. Forrm. (1892). — V. gibbous in the middle and with very long and narrow protracted ends, of unequal length. IL. 0,22; B. 0,02 mm. Forks very elongated. Margin of the valve with coarse »pearls» (loculi?). Strie not seen. — Lup. Forrm. D. de la Malaisie p- 22 Pl. II f. 10. Marine: Sumatra (Leud. Fortm.). I have had no opportunity of examing this very curious diatom, which to judge from the figure seems.to have a loculiferous marginal rim as in Mastogloia. Naviculee Mesoleize Cu. Valve symmetrical, linear to elliptical, with usually obtuse or rostrate ends. Axial area narrow or indistinct. Central area large, quadrate, or a transverse fascia. Striz usually fine, punctate and radiate throughout. Connecting zone not complex. This Section comprises a number of usually small forms, inhabiting fresh, rarely salt water. By N. Pupula and N. bacilliformis this section is closely connected with Navicule bacillares. There is also some relation between some species of this group and of the section Navicule punctate. Artificial key. 1 Valve constricted in the middle .. ..... 2... .- eee eee N. binodis Ens. : { — not — _ Sl ee ee ae ey Bs a bo! Lae Bde ss 2. 2 Length about 0.12 mm. ....... eS ee gy . .N. Szaboi Pant. , _ — 004 mm.orless.... «2... . Leis sie er 3. 3 Terminal nodules with lateral expansions .... . : ee N. Pupula Kurz. i { = —- without — _ oe f. dhe iis ee pas aye og 14, 128 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. 4 ees area reaching nearly to the margin... 2. 1 1 ee ee et te es ‘B. = not more than half the breadth of the valve ........ 9. 5. ee Valve trochiform ccs Geisha “Re deen. pegs ... WN. Lagerheimii Cu. elliptical ©. .. ae St. AS Sule te Gx ke ie WB: 6. ae area with a single rionertnl aan é Pek bok Sy chee — without — _— rh aS ; heath hatdennty So 8. 7. eee stria on one side only... ....... rig . N. asymmetrica Pant. — — both sides ............ wo. .. . NM. ulvacea BERKEL. 8. res 20 in 0,01 mm. bth a, tats GNIRT OY elas ... MN. obliqua Gree. — 27 Se Se es page ake” “BN eG . ... . NM. Roteana Rasa. 9. ke area with a stigma ..... og as Brae ee 2. 2) NM. mutica Kirz. — withott — ...... ia: gy boa ae OG ey Ye AQ; 10. ‘hae capitate. ... i ee .. . N. Heufleriana Grun. — not —... a Ser ee a 11. Length about Gyn mm. or more , ‘ . . .N. bacilliformis Grun. 11. {= — 0,025 mm. : Ms eke. Geese tees See N. Haradag Pant. 0.014 to 0,o2 mm. or less ... . ‘ by atlas bce tne ears 12. 19. oo rostrate o. 2 elated & oo os ees 48 13. — rounded... Go a a gg sD: 13. ia biconstricted . . . Waa Teas, de .. . N. nivalis Exp. elliptical to lanceolate... .... Me (aindheGente > seecersesae 14. 14. ee distinct 20240 © 2 8 a eae « te BME Be Sh se es N. Kotschyi Gron. — very delicate .. ee a ae a N. depressa Cu. 15 ais centrally gibbous ww we N. Seminulum Gron. : — not — _ Gee mapa: senna age ature as . a. . NM. minima Gron. 1. N. minima Grun. (1880). — V. linear with broad rounded ends. L. 0,015; B. 0,0045 mm. Central area small, quadrate. Strie 26 in 0,01 mm., more distant in the middle of the valve, radiate throughout. — N. minutissima Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 552 Pl. IV f. 2. N. minima Grun. in V. H. Syn. p. 107 Pl. XIV f. 15, 16. N. Saugerri var. Grun. in V. H.8. £16 b. Synedra pusilla Kitz. (according to Grun.). Fresh water: Belgium (V. H.). Var. atomoides Grun. (1880). — V. elliptical. L. 0,008; B. 0,004 mm. Striz 27 to 30 in 0,01 mm. — N. atomoides Grun. in V. H. Syn. Pl. XIV f. 12—14. Fresh water: Belgium (V. H.). 2. N. Seminulum Grun. (1860). — V. sublinear, gibbous in the middle, with broad, sub- truncate ends. L. 0,015; B. 0,004 mm. Central area quadrate, not very large. Striz 20 in 0,01 mm., radiate throughout. — N. Seminulum Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 552 Pl. IV f. 3. Laest. Spitsb. D. Pl. Wf. 9. V. H. Syn. p. 107 Pl. XIV f. 8, 9. N. Saugerri Dzsmaz in V. H. Syn. f. 8 a’. Fresh or slightly brackish water: Spitsbergen (Lagst.), Sweden (Bollnds in Helsingland, Koén in Bohuslin)! Belgium (V. H.), Japan! Greenland! Var. fragilarioides Grun. (1880). — Striz somewhat coarser. — Grun. in V. H. Syn. f. 10. 3. N. Rotwana Rasu. (1852). — V. elliptical with rounded ends. L. 0,013 to 0,024; B. 0,006 to 0,oos mm. Central area large and broad, reaching near to the margin. Terminal fissures of the median line in contrary direction. Strie about 28 in 0,01 mm., radiate throughout. — Stauro- neis Roteana Rasy. Hepw. I p. 103 Pl. XIII f. 7 (1852). Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 565 PI. VI f. 14. Stauron. minutissima Laast. Spetsb. D. p. 39 Pl. I f. 13 (1873). Stauron. ovalis Grea. M. J. IV Pl. I f. 36 (1856). Stauron. Cohnit Brun D. des Alpes p. 91 Pl. IX f. 10 (1880). Navic. Roteana V. H. Syn. Pl. XIV f. 17—19. Fresh water: Spitsbergen (Ldt), Sweden! Finland! Austrian alps (Grun.). Var. excentrica Grun. (1880). — Median line somewhat excentric. — Grun. in V. H. Syn. XIV f. 20. Var. oblongella Grun. (1880). — Valve narrow elliptical. — Grun. in V. H. S. XIV f. 21. Nav. oblongella Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 551 Pl. IV f. 4? KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. wn:o 2. 129 4, N. Haradaw Pant. (1893). — V. broadly elliptical, with broad, rounded ends. L. 0,025; B. 0,618 mm. Axial area indistinct. Central area large, somewhat transverse, half as broad as the valve. Striz 20 in 0,01 mm. radiate throughout. — Panv. III Pl. VI f. 100. Habitat? »Sentenai» (Pant.). 5. N. depressa Cx. (1891). — V. elliptical, with rostrate ends. L. 0,022; B. 0,009 mm. Surface of the valve depressed between the margin and the longitudinal and transverse area. Central area about '/, of the breadth of the valve. Striz 27 in 0,01 mm., more distant (about 24 in 0,01 mm.) in the middle, slightly radiate, especially near the ends. — Cu. D. of Finl. p. 35 Pi, IF £4, Fresh water: Sweden, Areskutan in Jamtland! Wernamo, fossil! Finland (Imandrian Lap- land, Suomenniemi, fossil)! 6. N. binodis Eup. (1840). — V. strongly constricted in the middle, with rostrate-capitate ends. LL. 0,025; B. 0,oo8 mm. Axial area indistinct. Central area small. Strize about 30 in 0,01 mm., sligthly radiate. — Ens. Ber. 1840 p. 18. W. Sm. B. D. I p. 53 Pl. XVII f. 159. Grow. Verh. 1860 p. 551 Pl. II f. 42. Donx. B. D. p. 388 Pl. VI f. 3. V. H. Syn. p. 108, Suppl. Pl. B. f. 33. Fresh water: England (Sm.), Belgium (V. H.), Switzerland! Japan! 7. N. (Dickieia) ulvacea Brerxx. (1844). — V. linear-elliptical, with rounded ends. L. 0,025 to 0,035; B. 0,oo8 to 0,o12 mm. Axial area indistinct. Central area a narrow, transverse fascia furcate at the margin. Striz 16 in 0,01 mm., slightly radiate at the ends. Frustules in leaf-like, flat and stipitate gelatinous mass, in length about 1 to 5 cm. — Dickicta ulv. BERKu. in Kiitz. Bac. p. 119. V. H. Syn. Pl. XVI f. 10. Marine: Scotland (Dickie), Ireland (O’Meara), Balearic Islands! 8. N. asymmetrica Pant. (1893). — V. narrow elliptical, obtuse. L. 0,025; B. 0,01 mm. Central area a broad fascia, reaching the margins, where is, unilaterally, in the middle of the area a single stria. Strie radiate, 19 in 0,01 mm. — Pant. III Pl. VII f. 110. Habitat? »Sentenai» (Pant.). 9. N. mutica Kitz (1844). — V. of variable shape, elliptic-lanceolate, frequently with un- dulated margins. L. 0,013 to 0,033; B. 0,007 to 0,01; mm. Axial area narrow. Central area large, transversely dilated, with an isolated punctum on one side of the central nodule. Striz 18 to 20 in 0,01 mm. radiate at the ends, distinctly punctate. A few of the median striz shorter than the rest. — Kitz Bac. p. 93 Pl. III f. 32 (according to Arnott). Grun. A. D. p. 40. ‘'Forma Cohnit H1ise (1860). — V. elliptic-lanceolate, with rounded ends. — Stauron. Cohnii Hitse Beitr. p. 83. N. mutica v. Coh. V. H. Syn. p. 95 Pl. X f. 17. Stauron. polymorpha Laast. Spitsb. D. p. 39 Pl. I f. 12. Brackish water: Spitsbergen! Belgium (V. H.), Bengal! Daintree River, Australia! Lost Spring: Ranch, Calif.! Forma Géppertiana Burtscu (1861). — V. lanceolate. — Stawroneis Semen Enz. M. G. XXXVIIT A 20 f. 1 (1854)? Stauron. Géppertiana Buntsch Rabh. A. E. N:o 1183 (1861). Nav. mutica Gron. Verh. 1860 p. 588 Pl. V f. 16. Stawron. Cohnii Scuum. Tatra p. 78 Pl. IV f. 61. N. mut. v. Goppertiana V. H. Syn. p. 95 Pl. X f. 18, 19. Fresh or brackish water: Belgium (V. H.), Nova Scotia! West Indies! Ecuador! Forma producta Grun. (1880). — V. lanceolate, with broad, truncate ends. — Grun. A. D. p. 41. Forma ventricosa Kitz (1844). — V. inflated, with capitate ends. L. 0,016 to 0,022; B. 0,06 to 0,08 mm. Strize 17 in 0,01 mm. — Stauron. ventric. Kiirz Bac. p. 105 Pl. XXX f. 27. Gree. M. J. IV Pl. I f 10 (1856). Nav. (St.) vent. V. H. Syn. p. 96 Pl. IV f. 1 b. Brackish water: Argentina! K. Sv. Vet. Akad. Hand. Band 26. Nio 2. 17 130 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. Var. Peguana Grun. (1879). — V. lanceolate, slightly triundulate with subacute ends. L. 0,04; B. 0,01 mm. Strize in the middle 15 at the ends 20 in 0,01 mm. — Grun. Cl. M. D. N:o 188. Brackish water: Bengal! ' Var. Legumen Ou. — V. linear, triundulate, with cuneate, acute ends. L. 0,035; B. 0,009 mm. Strie 21 in 0,01 mm. Fresh water: Surinam! Forma undulata Hise (1860). — V. with three to four undulations on the margins. — Stauroneis undulata Hise Beitr. p. 83. Nav. mutica v. undulata Grun. A. D. p. 41. V. H. Syn. p. 95 BL Xf 206 Brackish water: South Africa! Ecuador! N. mutica is a very variable species, having the appearance of a Stauroneis, under a low power. All varieties have the unilateral isolated punctum in the area. 10. N. Kotsehyii Gruy. (1860). — V lanceolate, rostrate, with obtuse ends. L. 0,0136 to 0,022; B. 0,0054 to 0,oo68 mm. Axial area narrow. Central area large transversely dilated, without an isolated punctum. Strize 19 to 23 in 0,01 mm., closer near the ends, radiate, distinctly punctate. — Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 588 Pl. IV f. 12. A. D. p. 41. Nav. Kotschyana V. H. Syn. Pl. X fi 22. Fresh water, hot springs: Buda-Pest! 11. N. Heufleriana Grun. — V. inflated, with large capitate and flattened ends. L. 0,0244 to 0,032; B. 0,008 to 0,009 mm. Axial area indistinct. Central area large, almost quadrate, with- out an isolated punctum. Striz 16 in 0,01 mm. — Stauron. Heufleriana Grun. Verh. 1863 p. 155 Pl. IV f. 10. St. Heufleri. V. H. Syn. Pl. IV f. la. Fresh water: Tyrol (Grun.). This form is very nearly connected with N. mutica var. ventricosa, almost only difference being absence of an isolated punctum in the central area. 12. N. nivalis Eup. (1854). — V. with triundulate margins and rostrate-truncate ends. L. 0,0122 to 0,018; B. 0,oo54 mm. Axial area indistinct, central area large, rounded-quadrate, without an isolated punctum. Striz 18 to 19 in 0,01 mm. radiate to the ends and composed of distinct puncta, 18 to 24 in 0,01 mm. — Ens. M. G. XXXII B. af. 5. N. quinquenodis Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 522 Pl. III f. 33. Verh. 1863 p. 149 Pl. IV f. 9. Cu. D. of Finland p. 33 PI. II f. 5. N. undosa Donx. B. D. p. 37 Pl. VI f. 1 (1871). 2 Fresh water: Sweden (Upsala)! Finland! Belgium (V. H.), Briinn (Grun.), Blue Mountains, Australia! 13. N. obliqua Gree. (1856). — V. broad, elliptic-lanceolate. L. 0,04; B. 0,016 mm. Median line slightly sigmoid, with the ends in contrary directions. Axial area very narrow or indistinct; central area a broad transverse fascia, almost reaching to the margin, where it becomes somewhat wider. Stria 21 in 0,01 mm., in the middle a little more distant, almost parallel, distinctly punctate; puncta about 21 in 0,01 mm., arranged in somewhat undulating longitudinal rows. —' Stauroneis obliqua Grea. M. J. IV p. 11 Pl. If. 85. M. odl. Icon. n. Pl. V f. 26. Fresh water: Scotland (Loch Leven) Greg., Engl. Windermere, Grove Coll.! Sweden, bottom- mud from Vettern! Greeory’s figure shews no structure and a decided sigmoid bent of the median line. The above description is from a specimen in Groves collection, which perfectly agrees with the descrip- tion of Gregory. On original specimens from Loch Leven in Deby’s collection I could not distinctly see the sigmoid flexure of the median line. Neither could I find the median line sigmoid on specimens from Abo (Diat. of Finl. p. 34 Pl. III f. 1), Oregon and the mouth of the J enissey. Having had no opportunity of reexamining these specimens I am unable to state whether I am guilty of a mistake on this point, or these forms represent a variety with straight median line. In all cases the above description refers to a specimen, doubtless identical with Stauroneis obliqua Gruc. KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. w:o 2. 131 14. N. Szaboi Pant. (1889). — V. linear elliptical, with rounded ends. L. 0,123; B. 0,029 mm. Central area large, dilated outwards. Strie 12 in 0,01 mm. parallel, convergent at the ends, punctate, puncta forming longitudinal rows. — Panv. II p. 54 Pl. VI f. 120. Brackish water: Hungary fossil (Pant.). This species is unknown to me and I have placed it with some hesitation in this section as it seems to be most nearly related to N. obliqua. 15. N. Lagerheimii Cu. N. Sp. — V. rhomboid, very dilated in the middle, with truncate ends. L. 0,027 to 0,033; B. 0,013 to 0,014 mm. Axial area very narrow; central area a broad transverse fascia, reaching nearly to the margin, without an isolated punctum. Striz 18 in 0,01 mm., radiate at the ends, coarsely punctate; puncta about 16 in 0,01 mm. Fresh water (moist rocks): Ecuador, Pichincha! This species has the outline of Anomoeoneis Follis and is remarkable for its large central area. The central nodule seems to be stauroid. 16. N. bacilliformis Gruy. (1880). — V. linear, with broad, rounded ends, frequently some- what gibbous in the middle and at the ends. L. 0,032 to 0,045; B. 0,009 to 0,01 mm. Central area rectangular, half as broad as the valve. Strie 12 to 15 in 0,01 mm. at the middle, 20 to 22 in 0,o1 mm. at the ends, where they are radiate and curved. — Grun. A. D. p. 44 Pl. II f. 51. V. iH. S. Pl. XIII f. 11. Pan. JIT Pl. III f. 49. Fresh water: Norway, Dovre (Grun.), Finland! Australian Alps (Riewa Lagoons)! Ecuador! 17. N. Pupula Kirz. (1844). ~- V. linear, frequently gibbous in the middle, with broad, rounded or subtruncate ends. L. 0,022 to 0,037; B. 0,007 to 0,oo9 mm. Terminal nodules with two lateral expansions. Central area about '/, as broad as the valve, quadrate. Striz 13 to 15 jn 0,01 mm. at the middle, 22 to 23 in 0,01 mm. at the ends, radiate at the ends, very finely punctate. — Kurz. Bac. p. 93 Pl. XXX f. 40. MN. Pup. var. genuina Grun. A. D. p. 45 Pl. II f. 538. V. H. Syn. p. 106 Pl. XU f 15, 16. Stawroneis Wittrock Lot. Spitsb. D. p. 38 Pl. IT f. 15 (1873) (perhaps N. bacilliformis). Stauroneis tatrica Gutwinsky Mat. fl. Galicyi 1890 p. 24 Pl. I f. 20 (perhaps N. bacilliformis)? Schizostauron? tatric. De Tont Notarisia 1890 p. 196. Fresh water: Spitzbergen! Sweden! Finland! Norway! Belgium! England! Bengal! Austra- lian Alps! Japan! New Zealand! Sandwich Islands! South Africa! Greenland! Kansas! Argentina! Ecuador! Var. rectangularis Gree. (1854). — V. linear with broad, subrostrate ends. — Stauroneis rectangularis Gree. M. J. Il Pl. IV f. 17. N. Pup. v. rect. Grun. A. D. p. 45. Fresh water: Scotland (Greg.). Var. bacillaroides Grun. (1880). — V. linear with rounded ends. — Grun. A. D. p. 45. Navicule Entoleiz Cu. Valve symmetrical, linear-lanceolate or fusiform to elliptical, rarely constricted. Median line with somewhat distant. central pores. Axial and central areas combined in a more or less broad, lanceolate space. Strie fine, finely punctate, radiate at the ends. Connecting zone not complex. This section comprises forms in some respects intermediate between those of the sections Nav. microstigmatice and Nav. levistriate. Some of them appear to -be: related to the Nav. fusiformes, but differ in the more distant :central pores and in the axial area. The species of this section partly inhabit fresh, and partly salt water. Some of the small fresh-water species usually grow in filaments, and are then called Diadesmis. 132 [x] 18. 1. N. contenta Grun. (1880). — V. linear, gibbous in the middle, with broad capitate ends. L. 0,007 to 0,01; B. 0,002 to 0,oo25 mm. Axial area narrow, linear, slightly dilated in the middle. Strie almost parallel 36 in 0,01 mm. — N. trinodis V. H. Syn. Pl. XIV f. 31 a. { ie le ce ie ie He He Te le ie ie ic sles | “b= te ie Pp. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. Small forms. Larger — Strie 13 to 16 in 0,01 mm. much finer Strie nearly parallel . radiate Strie about x in 0,01 mm. Valve ctioos in the middle Valve sublinear subelliptical Valve with undulated margins non Valve elliptical with rounded lanceolate or fusiform Terminal fissures in contrary — the same Puncta twice as close as the as close as the strie Valve broadly lanceolate . . narrow Artificial key. L. 0,02 mm. or less L. 0,04 or more anil at the sini oP blag Be are but not at the ends ends direction strie or fusiform Puncta nee straight, longitudinal rows undulating Area eo ay narrow Strie e in 0,01 mm. Valve mile obtuse Valve fusiform narrow iniiewelate Strie radiate in the ends almost parallel Striez »crossed by two lines» not Grun. in V. H. Syn. p. 109. Fresh water (on moist rocks and mosses): Sweden (Trollhattan)! Finland (Abo)! Belgium (V. H.), Salzburg! Amsterdam Island! Var. biceps Arnott Ms. — V. not gibbous in the middle. — Diadesmis biceps Annort (accor- Be G9 8 N. Scutum v. H. . N. infirma Gron. . N. confervacea Ktrz. hee eS 5. N. contenta Grun.. he cath et ee Oh N. Flotowii Grun. N. perpusilla GRun. N. ee Pant. « « 2 bh . N. fallax Cu. BS dos AOS ' : . N. Beta Cu. N. Hochstetteri Grun. . 12. ott en AGE, . N. Iota Cu. . 18. 14. Eeaesae we DE N. semitecta A. S. . N. occidentalis Cu. _N. definita Grove a. Sturt. N. mocsarensis Pant. N. Béumleri Pant. N. Kappa Cu. 17. N. Foliola Brun a. Temp. N. monmouthiana Gron. 2a 9 18) LN. fusoides Groun. N. inornata Grun. ding to Grun.). Nav. trinodis var. biceps V. H. Syn. XIV f. 31 b. Fresh water: Belgium (V. H.), Ecuador! 2. N. (Diadesmis) Flotowii Grun. (1880). L. 0,015; B. 0,004 mm. Area narrow, lanceolate. ends. V. H. Syn. p. 109 Pl. XIV f. 41. Fresh water: Belgium (V. H.), France (V. H. T.). V. narrow, lanceolate, with broad, obtuse Strie radiate, 35 in 0,01 mm. — N. contenta KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. wnio 2. 133 3. N. perpusilla Grun. (1860). — V. subelliptical, gibbous in the middle and with broad, subtruncate ends. L. 0,012; B. 0,004 to 0,005 mm. Area lanceolate, narrow. Strie about 30 in 0,01 mm., radiate throughout. — Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 552 PLIVf.7. V.H. Syn. Pl. XIV f. 22, 23. Fresh water (on moist rocks, earth etc.): Scotland (Aberdeen)! Sweden (Taberg in Smaland)! Finland (Lapland to Abo)! Arctic America! 4. N. (Diadesmis) confervacea Kitz (1844). — V. thick, lanceolate, obtuse. L. 0,02; B. 0,005 to 0,oo7 mm. Area lanceolate. Strie 20 to 22 in 0,01 mm. radiate throughout, finely punctate. Frustules cohering in long bands. — Kirz Bac. p. 109 Pl. XXX f. 8. Grun. Novara p- 21 Pl. If. 19. ™. (Diad.) conf. V. H. Syn. XIV f. 36. Fresh water, tropics: Jamaica! Rio Janeiro! Marquesas Island! Sandwich Islands! Var. peregrina W. Sm. (1861). — V. elliptical. L. 0,012 to 0,015; B. 0,006 to 0,oo65 mm. Striz 22 in 0,01 mm. ~~ Diadesmis peregrina Prircu Inf. p. 923. Grun. Novara Pl. I f. 20. Nav. confervacea var. peregrina, et hungarica Grun. in V. H. Syn. Pl. XIV f. 37, 38. Fresh water: Rangoon! Australian Alps (Riewa Lagoon)! Tahiti (Grun.), Jamaica! Ecuador! 5. N. Seutum (Scuum.?) V. H. (1880). — V. narrow elliptical, with rounded ends. L. 0,03; B. 0,01 mm. Area narrow, lanceolate, dilated around the central nodule. Striz 16 in 0,01 mm., very slightly radiate, finely punctate. — Scuum. Pr. D. p. 188 f. 45 (1862)? V. H. Syn. p. 98 Pl. XI f. 14. Fresh water: Belgium (V. H ). N. Scutum V. H. and N. infirma Grun. are, as far as I may judge from the descriptions and the figures, closely akin, the only difference being that the striz of the former are less radiate. The Nav. Scutwm Scuum. from the Kénigsberg deposit has about the same size, and 14 strie in 0,o1 mm., but no area, so it seems doubtful whether it be the same species as Van Heurck’s. The Nav. Scutum Scuum. is perhaps a form of Cocconeis Placentula. Another small form of about the same outline and size and with 15 parallel striz in 0,01 mm., but without area is Nav. ignobilis Pant. (II p. 48 Pl. XXV f. 367, 1889) from the brackish strata of Kavna, Hungary. A similar form is N. debilis Pant. III Pl. VI f. 98. Having had no opportunity of examining these forms I am unable to decide whether or not they are identical. 6. N. infirma Grun. (1882) — V. linear elliptical, with rounded ends. L. 0,02; B. 0,007 mm. Area narrow, lanceolate. Strize 13 (middle) to 17 (ends) in 0,01 mm. radiate throughout and finely punctate. — Grun. Foss. D. Oster. Ung. p. 146 Pl. XXX f. 53. Fresh water: Hungary fossil (Dubravica Grun.). 7. N. inornata Grun. (1880). — V. fusiform, convex. L. 0,05 to 0,09; B.0,o8s mm. Median line with approximate central pores. Area narrow, lanceolate. Striz 19 to 21 in 0,01 mm. at the middle, 23 to 24 in 0,01 mm. at the ends, almost parallel. — Grun. A. D. p. 46 Pl. III f. 56. N. Acus Cu. A. D. p. 14 Pl. TI f. 55. N. Hahnii Putrr Cape Horn D. p. 124 Pl. X f. 11 (1888). N. filiformis Pant. III Pl. XXXIX f. 538 (1893)? Marine: Finmark! Bohuslin! Mediterranean (Pithuisian Island)! Ile de Brehat, Manche! Cape Horn! N. inornata seems to have a longitudinal line crossing the strie, but this line is an optical illusion, arrising from the convexity of the valve. This species forms a passage from this group to the section N. fusiformes, which has no distinct area, parallel strie, and very approximate central pores. 8. N. fusoides Grun. (1880). — V. narrow, linear-lanceolate, with more or less obtuse ends. L. 0,05 to 0,12; B. 0,007 to 0,012 mm. Axial area narrow. Striz 21 to 25 in 0,01 mm. slightly radiate, crossed by two longitudinal lines. — N. subula Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 548 Pl. III f. 24. NV. fusoides Grun. A. D. p. 46. Marine: Bohuslan (Grun.), Mediterranean Sea (Grun.). 134 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. I have not seen this species, which according to Grunow resembles N. inornata. The two distinct longitudinal lines seem to indicate that N. fusoides is a Caloneis. 9. N. Foliola Bruy a. Tremp. (1889). — V. narrow-lanceolate, subacute. L. 0,08 to 0,1; B. 0,015 to 0,017 mm. Central pores of the median line distant. Striation fine, most visible near the margin. — Brun a. Temp. D. f. du Japon p. 43 Pl. VII f. 15. Marine: Japan, fossil (Brun a. Temp.). I have not seen this species, which is not sufficiently figured and described to acertain its proper place. 10. N. monmouthiana Grun. (1880). — V. fusiform. L. 0,062 to 0,09; B. 0,011 to 0,022 mm. Median line with somewhat distant central pores and small comma-like terminal fissures turned in the same direction. Area linear. Striee 16 (middle) to 20 (ends) in 0,01 mm., almost parallel in the middle, radiate at the ends. — Grun. A. D. p. 46. Icon. n. Pl. V fi 20. Fresh water: N. America fossil (Cherryfield, Monmouth)! 11. N. Banumlerii Pant. (1886). — V. elliptic-lanceolate, with obtuse ends. L. 0,096 to 0,11; B. 0,018 mm. Area narrow, linear-lanceolate. Strive 9 in 0,01 mm. almost parallel in the middle, radiate at the ends, coarsely punctate; puncta 13 in 0,01 mm., forming longitudinal un- dulating rows. — Pant. I p. 22 Pl. XII f. 108; II Pl. XXIII f. 347. Marine: Hungary, fossil (Pant.). Var. interrupta Panv. (1886). — Strie 12 to 14 in 0,01 mm. crossed by a marginal line. — Pant. Il. c. f. 108. Marine: Hungary, fossil (Pant.). I have not seen this species, which I have provisionally placed in this section. It is perhaps akin to Nav. rhombica. The terminal fissures seem, according to the fig. 103 in Pantocseks work, to be turned in contrary directions. 12. N. occidentalis Cu. N. Sp. — V. lanceolate, with slightly protracted ends. L. 0,04 to 0,045; B. 0,015 to 0,o2 mm. Axial area moderately broad somewhat dilated in the middle. Striz 13 in 0,01 mm. radiate throughout coarsely punctate; puncta about 16 in 0,01 mm. Fresh water: Pitt River (Oregon), fossil (Grove Coll.)! This species has some resemblance to N. lacustris, from which it differs by its much broader area. 13. N. semitecta A. 8. (1874). — V. lanceolate. L. 0,042; B. 0,013 mm. Area lanceolate, broad. Striz 10 in 0,01 mm.,, slightly radiate throughout, coarsely punctate. — A. 8. Atl. Probe- tafel f. 11. Marine: Campeachy Bay (Atzl.). I do not know this species, which may perhaps be a Mastogloia. 14. Navicula Iota Cu. N. Sp. — V. elliptic-lanceolate, gradually tapering from the middle to the subacute ends. L. 0,1; B. 0,021 mm. Median line with somewhat distant central pores and small terminal fissures. Axial area broad, lanceolate. Strie 13,5 (middle) to 16 (ends) in 0,01 mm., slightly radiate throughout, of equal length in the middle, distinctly punctate; puncta 16 in 0,01 mm. arranged in regular, longitudinal rows. — Pl. V. f. 22. Marine: Madagascar (Van Heurck Coll.)! 15. N. Kappa Cu. N. Sp. — V. narrow lanceolate, with elevated, acute ends. L. 0,173 B. 0,028 mm. Median line with transversely dilated median pores and elongated terminal fissures, turned in the same direction. Area narrow near the ends of the valve, gradually widened towards the middle. Strie 16 in 0,01 mm., not closer near the ends, of equal length and slightly radiate KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMILNS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. w:o 2, 135 in the middle, transverse at the ends, punctate, puncta, 14 in 0,01 mm. forming undulating, longi- tudinal rows. — Pl. V f. 21. Marine: Oamaru, New Zealand, fossil! 16. N. definita Grove a. Srurr (1887). — V. elliptic-lanceolate. Ends obtuse and with short diaphragms. L. 0,15; B. 0,04 mm. Median line with the terminal fissures in contrary directions. Area linear-lanceolate, broad, Striz 18 in 0,01 mm., not closer near the ends, punctate; puncta, 17 in 0,01 mm., forming longitudinal undulating rows. — Grove a. Sturt Q. M. Cl. II p. 7 Pl. VI ff. 11: Marine: Oamaru, New Zealand, fossil! Var. intermedia Cu. — V. subelliptical, with rounded ends. L. 0,09; B. 0,028 mm. Strieze 18 in 0,01 mm., crossed near the margin by a line. — Pl. V f. 24, 25. Marine: Oamaru, New Zealand fossil (Tempére)! The var. intermedia is a form connecting N. fallax with A. definita. 17. N. fallax Ci. N. Sp. — V. elliptic-lanceolate, with rounded ends. L. 0,085; B. 0,032 mm. Median line with the terminal fissures in contrary direction. Area very broad, lanceolate. Strie 20 in 0,01 mm., radiate throughout, punctate; puncta about 23 in 0,01 mm. The strie seem to be crossed near the margin by a fine line. — Pl. V f. 27. Marine: Oamaru, New Zealand, fossil (Grove Coll.)! This interesting species seems at the first view to be Nav. nebulosa, having the outline and marginal striate band of the latter, but a closer inspection shews that it is entirely different, having no rows of striz along the median line. In fact it is nearly akin to N. definita. 18. N. Hochstetteri Grun. (1863). — V. elliptical with broad, rounded ends. L. 0,027 to 0,057; B. 0,019 to 0,o32 mm. Area broad, subrhomboidal. Striz 15 (middle) to 20 (end) in 0,01 mm. radiate throughout, in the middle alternately longer and shorter, distinctly punctate; puncta about 17 in 0,01 mm., and close to the area uniting into short lines. — Grun. Verh. 1863 p. 153 Pl. Vf 2. Novara p. 19. A. S. Atl. VIII f 58—55. Marine: Nicobar Island (Grun.), Java! Carpentaria Bay (Atl.), California (Su Pedro, fossil, Kinker Coll.)! Cape Horn (Petit), Brazil (Atl). Var. placita Grove a. Srurr (1887). — L. 0,045; B. 0,025 mm. Striz 14 (middle) to 19 (ends) in 0,01 mm., a few only in the middle being shorter than the others, punctate; puncta 14 in 0,01 mm. — WN. placitu Grove a. Sturt Q. M. Cl. I p. 133 Pl. X f. 14. Marine: Oamaru, New Zealand, fossil! As Grunow has already remarked there is no specific distinction between N. placita and N. Hochstetteri. Nearly akin to N. Hochstetteri is N. Beta, which differs only by its less coarsely punctate strie. 19. N. Beta Cu. N. Sp. — V. elliptical, with broad rounded ends. L. 0,043; B. 0,025 mm. Median line with the terminal fissures in the same direction. -Area broad, lanceolate. Strie 13 (middle) to 17 (ends) in 0,01 mm. radiate at the ends, in the middle alternately longer and shorter, finely punctate; puncta about 26 in 0,01 mm. — PIL. V f. 30. Marine: Japan (Tempére)! 20. N. polygibba Panr. (1893). — V. lanceolate subapiculate, ends; margins with four undulations. L. 0,055; B. 0,025 mm. Axial area narrow, not dilated in the middle. Strie Tadiate throughout, 16-in 0,01 mm. punctate; puncta 16 in 0,01 mm. — Pant. III Pl. V f. 85. Habitat:? Kavna-Bremia, Hungary, fossil. Unknown to the author. It has a considerable likeness to N. mutica var. undulata. 21. N. mocsarensis Pant. (1893). — V. broad, elliptic-lanceolate, rostrate. L. 0,053; B. 0,026 mm. Axial area narrow, dilated towards the middle, where it expands into a somewhat trans- 136 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF NAVICULOID DIATOMS. verse central area. Striz 9 in 0,01 mm., radiate throughout, coarsely punctate; puncta 12 in 0,01 mm. — Panr. III Pl. XXIII f. 340. Habitat:? Mocsar. (Pant.). This form resembles N. amphibola or N. Placentula. Unknown to the author. Navicule Bacillares Cr. Valve linear to elliptical, usually with broad and rounded ends. Median line straight, en closed by siliceous thickenings. Terminal nodules incrassate. Axial area usually narrow or in- distinct; central area very small. Structure: fine transverse strie, more distant in the middle than elsewhere, slightly radiate throughout and curved, very finely punctate. Connecting zone simple. This section comprises forms, which are nearly akin to the NV. mesoleie, and it would perhaps be more natural to include in this group NV. Pupula and N. bacilliformis, which are closely con- nected with WN. Pseudobacillum. On the other hand, the nature of the striea, which are more distant in the middle, indicates a relationship to the section N. decipientes. In the section Bacillares I have included a form, which in some respects is aberrant from the rest, viz. NV. americana, which has a broad, axial area and almost equidistant strie. Nevertheless, this form is connected by N. Lambda with N. Bacillum, and I think it better to place it in this group rather than in the section N. mesoleie, with which it has still less affinity, or to form a separate group for this single species as Van Hevurcx has done in his synopsis. Artificial key. 1 freee area broad. beg ‘ ; “N. americana Exp. — narrow or indistinck:. a coe bd ‘ be 9. ae and terminal areas with stigmas one ae aoe N. trinotata Pant. — without — . ge. Yat! , Ke eae wo, eB 3, ean te nodules re expanded .. . N. Pseudobacillum Groy. : not — _ : : ; bod come AA nm ae 46 a mm. sare, Seay Ss ee GE ee Ghee ae a denk 5. 0,055 or less . By Ate, hag ret ba UE abe abe 6. 5. ae linear. . e bods . N. Lambda Cu. elliptical . 1... cobs : ee N. Rioje Cu. 6 oo fissures comma-like . I Bie «aoe, da AP een, . . . NM. subhamulata Grun. : _— — not prolonged. . nx eres N. Bacillum Grun. 1. N. americana Eup. (1843). — V. broad, linear, with rounded ends. IL. 0,055 to 0,1; B. 0,014 to 0,017 mm. Central nodule strong, with one or two pore-like puncta. Axial and central areas uniting in a very broad space, somewhat dilated in the middle. Strie 16 in 0,01 mm., of equal length, parallel in the middle, radiate in the ends. — Ens. Am. p. 129 M. G. II: 9, f. 16. V. H. Syn. p. 105 PL XII f. 87. N. am. var. bacillaris Hier. a. Pérac. D. d'Auvergne p. 116 PL IV f. 13. WN. am. var. minor Hyurtp. a. Parag. |. ec. f. 12 (1893). Fresh water: Sweden (Lake Rosslingen in Calmar lan)! Finland (Abo)! Belgium (V. H.), Australian Alps (Riewa Lagoons)! America (Crane Pond, Boxford, Mass. etc.)! This species is very characteristic and not to be vista ket for any other. It is widely distributed, but seems to be rare everywhere. 2. N. Lambda Cu. N. Sp. — V. linear slightly constricted in the middle, with broad, rounded ends. L. 0,05 to 0,1; B. 0,016 mm. Terminal fissures straight in the thick nodules. Axial area narrow but distinct, linear; central area small orbicular. Strie 13 (middle) to 20 (ends) in 0,01 mm. divergent in the middle, parallel at the ends, distinctly but finely punctate. — Pl. V f. 19. Fresh water: Demerara River! KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. n:o 2. 137 3. N. Rioje Cx. (1881). — V. elliptical, with rounded ends. L. 0,06 to 0,07; B. 0,023 to 0,024 mm. Median line in a thick silicious rib, combining the large central nodule with the thick terminal nodules. Terminal fissures slightly curved. Axial and central area united jn a linear space very slightly dilated in the middle. Strie 17 (middle) to 19 (ends) in 0,01 mm., radiate throughout, indistinctly punctate, crossed by a shallow. longitudinal depression. — Cu. D. fr. Gronl. and Argentina p. 12 Pl. XVI f. 2. Fresh water: Argentina (Sierra Famatina)! 4. N. Bacillum Ens. (1843). —- V. linear with rounded ends. L. 0,035 to 0,055; B. 0,01 to 0,o15 mm. Median line in a thick siliceous rib. Axial area narrow slightly enlarged around the central nodule and expanded at the ends on each side to the full width of the valve. Strie 14 (middle) to 20 (ends) very slightly radiate. — Eup. Am. Pl. IV: 5, f. 8. Grun. A. D. p. 44 Pl. IT f. 50. V. H. Syn. p. 105 Pl. XIII f. 8. Strése Kliecken f. 8. N. levissima Donk. B. D. p. 28 Pl. V f. 2 1871? Fresh water: Sweden (Skane)! Finland! Siberia, Mouth of Jenissey (Grun.), North Australia! New Zealand! Var.? mexicana GRuN. (1880). — V. gibbous in the middle. L. 0,05; B. 0,01 mm. Terminal nodules larger; area abruptly dilated around the central nodule. Strize 18 in 0,01 mm., closer at the ends, in the middle frequently alternately longer and shorter. — Grun. A. D. p. 44. Fresh water: Mexico, fossil (Grun.). Var. Gregoryana Grun. (1880). — V. slightly constricted in the middle. — N. Bacillum Gree. M. J. IV, Pl. I f. 4 (1856). ™. bac. var. Greg. Grun. A. D. p. 44. Fresh water: Loch Leven, Scotland Greg. Var. minor V. H. (1885). — V. half as large as the typical form. Striz 16 (middle) to 20 (ends) in 0,o1 mm. — V. H. Syn. p. 105 Pl. XIII f. 10. Fresh water: Belgium (V. H.). Var. lepida Grea. (1856). — V. elliptical with rounded ends. L. 0,02 to 0,025; B. 0,01 mm. Axial area indistinct, central small. Strie 17 (middle) to 26 (ends) in 0,01 mm., slightly radiate throughout. — N. lepida Gree. M. J. IV Pl. I f. 25. V. H. Syn. Pl. XT f. 12. Icon. n. Pl. V f. 14. Fresh water: Sweden (Hernésand foss.)! Finland (Abo)! Scotland (V. H. T.). Argentina (Sierra Famatina)! 5. N. trinotata Pant. (1893). — V. linear, with broad, rounded ends. L. 0,056; B. 0,014 mm. Axial area narrow, slightly dilated in the middle, where is an unilateral stigma. Near the ends of the median lines is also an elongated stigma, placed on contrary sides of the median line. Strie 21, somewhat radiate in the middle, else parallel. — Panr. III Pl. IX f. 152. , Habitat? »Képecz» (Pant.). 6. N. Pseudo-bacillum Grun. (1880). — V. linear-elliptical, with rounded ends. L. 0,035 to 0,045; B. 0,01 to 0,015 mm. Terminal nodules with two lateral expansions. Axial area narrow, central area small, rounded. Strie in the middle 13 (Grun. 21 V. H.) in 0,01 mm. at the ends 20 (Grun. 24 V. H.) in 0,01 mm.; radiate throughout, very finely punctate. — N. levissima Ktrz. Bac. p. 96 Pl. XXI f. 14 (1844)? V. H. Syn. Pl. XII f. 13? N. leptogongyla Ens. p. p.? according to Grun. WN. Granum Scuum. P. D. II N. p. 58 Pl. IL f. 46? according to Grun. WN. levissima and N. Pseudo-bac. Gruy. A. D. p. 45 Pl. IL f. 52 1880. N. Pseudo-bac. V. H. Syn. p. 106 PI. XIII f. 9. WN. Bacillum var. B Strose Kliecken f. 9? Fresh water: Sweden (Boras)! Finland! Belgium (V. H.), Java, foss.! Japan! New Zealand! Australian Alps! Canada, foss.! This species described and figured by Grunow in A. D. was at first believed by him to be N. levissima Kt1z. But as this name may denote some form of N. Silicula Grunow proposed the K. Vet. Akad. Hand]. Band 26. N:o 2. 18 138 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. name NV. Pseudobacillum. The same form has been since figured in V. H. Syn. f. 9, but on the same plate Grunow figures (f. 13) a smaller form as N. levissima Kitz. In this, somewhat obscure figure, the lateral extensions of the terminal nodules are not visible, and it seems uncertain whether it may be a variety of N. Pseudobacillum or of N. Bacillum or perhaps N. subhamulata. id 7. N. subhamulata Gruy. (1885). — V. linear, slightly gibbous in the middle, with broad, rounded ends. I. 0,02; B. 0,005 mm. Terminal nodules not laterally extended. Terminal fissures comma-like. Axial area indistinct, central very small. Striz about 26 in 0,01 mm. slightly radiate throughout. Frustule with triundulated margins. — Grun. in V. H. Syn. p. 106 Pl. XIII f. 14. Fresh water: Belgium (V. H.). Navicule Decipientes Grun. (1880). Valve lanceolate to linear, with subacute to truncate, frequently rostrate or capitate, ends. Axial and central areas small or indistinct. Terminal nodules not very thick. Central nodule frequently transversely dilated. Structure: finely punctate strie, slightly radiate or almost pa- rallel, more distant in the middle, than at the ends. Connecting zone not complex. This group is nearly akin to the Nav. bacillares, which differ in the incrassate terminal nodules, and also to Nav. microstigmatice. Some few forms are slightly asymmetrical and have for this reason been considered as Cymbelle, but they are, no doubt, more closely allied to the symmetrical forms of this section. On the other hand some Cymbelle (as C. @qualis) appear to be related to species of this group. Artificial key. Valve acute. ...... ; Pate . . « MN. vamphoides Pant. 1. obtuse Be. “onde : fe Uy hat ey fim, nahn es 9. Median line broad, fismiae ; ' ee Lanhche doce ... . WM. Semen Enz. — straight, filiform . ‘ é <8: ‘ss | Macen undulated. .... : 3 rows : aoe 4. oO. not — .. . . Buh ae crac Rise aaneee fee be 5. 4 eae lanceolate. . ‘ ; toa rin os diteane W. Sm. linear... 3 eS N. Lagerstedtii Cu. eas rostrate or dantiates : : . . 6. 5. — not — _ : Bh oeicshie Cannas ars 9. 6. Median strie alternately ioneee and dtistee » aie & gi ue aN ee Donk. — not — _— — Spe hs ile os nee tel pantie 375 7. Strie 20 or less in 0,01 mm... . «4. 2» ae ee Sa 8. 30 or more — — : . . WN. subtilissima Cu. : 4 Strie radiate throughout . . 2. . N. Lundstrémii Cu. i parallel at the ends ..... ; N. protracta Grun. [tin Linear-elliptical with broad ends © 6 esses N. seminoides Cu. Lanceolate — narrow— . .... | wee ew ee) OM brasiliana Cr. ‘Walve lanceolate... 8 ..... : : : .. .N. Crucieula W. Sm. 10. linear e Nebaeeedaels ‘ Wein chee Mabe Siem ent 11. aly centrally gibbous ...... ha ree N. gibbula Cu. 11. not — — ; ‘ stat SAD: 19 | Metin strie shortened be ; Reukovae) (ih. ofcn N. subinflata Donk. mee = — not — Ud sath By est these org a or . . .N. Kédlfvensis Gron. 1. N. Semen Ens. (1843). — V. elliptic-lanceolate, with broad, almost truncate, frequently slightly rostrate, ends. L. 0,05 to 0,09; B. 0,023 to 0,029 mm. Median line flexuose. Axial area narrow, linear; central area small, orbicular. Striz in the middle 8 in 0,01 mm., of equal length, KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. n:o 2. 139 radiate; terminal strie 13 in 0,01 mm., slightly convergent; all finely punctate. — Ens. Am. I: 2, i. M. G XVI, 1 f 11? W. Sm. B.D. Ip. 50 FL. XVI £, 141. Done B. D. p. 21 Pl. It f. 8. A. 8. Atl. LXXII f. 1. Groun. Franz Josephs Land D. p. 99 (47) Pl. I f. 84. Amphiprora navicularis Eup. Micr. G. III: 1, f. 10, 11. Fresh water: Franz Josephs Land (Grun.), Sweden (Lule Lappmark living, common in post- glacial, lacustrine deposits)! Finland, foss.! England (Hull) Donk., Germany, Harz (Atl.); Bohemia, Eger fossil! North America: common in diatomaceous earths (Nova Scotia, Canada West, Wash- ington territory etc.)! What Nav. Semen of Eurenserc may denote is impossible to decide, as the figures published by Enrenserc cannot be recognized. The figure in W. Situ Brit. Diat. is not good, but leaves little doubt that the author meant the same species, which now is generally believed to be N. Semen. On the other hand there can be no doubt that Amphiprora naviculoides of Eurensure is the same species as our N. Semen. N. Semen seems to be a northern species, rarely found living, but fre- quently in postglacial deposits of Scandinavia and North America. It is not mentioned by Brun as an inhabitant of the Alps, nor by Beruioc as occurring in the Pyrenées. Its occurrence in a living state in the Harz is an interesting fact and suggests that it may be a survival from the post-glacial epoch. 2. N. (Diadesmis) seminoides CL. & Grove N. Sp. — V. elliptic-lanceolate, with truncate ends. L. 0,027 to 0,045; B. 0,01 to 0,012 mm. Axial area narrow linear, suddenly dilated to a small, orbicular central area. Striz in the middle 16 in 0,01 mm., alternately longer and shorter, divergent; strie at the ends about 23 in 0,01 mm. slightly convergent, all finely punctate. Slightly brackish water: West Indies, Jamaica (Grove Coll.)! Ecuador! This small form resembles in outline N. Semen. The frustules form in living state coherent filaments. 3. N. brasiliana Cu. (1881). — V. lanceolate, with subacute ends, often slightly asymmetrical. L. 0,035 to 0,065; B. 0,012 to 0,018 mm. Median line straight; its terminal fissures in the same direction. Axial area narrow, linear, somewhat dilated around the central nodule. Striz in the middle 18 in 0,01 mm, divergent alternately longer and shorter; towards the ends 21 to 22 in 0,01 mm.; at the ends convergent; all distinctly punctate; puncta (on the median striz about 18 in 0,01 mm.) forming undulating, longitudinal rows. -— Cymbella brasil. Cu. N. R. D. p. 4 Pl. If. 4. Fresh water: Brazil! Calif. (St. Rosa in Grove Coll.)! Ecuador in mineral springs at Tesalia Prov. Pichincha! 4. N. inflata Donk. (1870). — V. lanceolate with capitate ends. L. 0,022 to 0,026; B. 0,007 to 0,oog mm. Axial area indistinct, central area small, irregular. Strie in the middle 19 in 0,01 mm., somewhat divergent and of unequal length; other striz 22 to 23 in 0,01 mm., convergent at the ends, all indistinctly punctate. -- Doyx. B. D. p. 21 Pl. II f. 9 (nee Kiitz. = V. hungarica?) Cl. D. of Fink p. 37 Pl. IL £ 2 891), Fresh water: Ireland (Lough Mourne foss. Donk.), Sweden (Lake Rosslingen in Kalmar lan, Rimforsa in Westergétland)! Finland, foss.! N. America (Houghton, Michigan, foss.)! 5. N. ramphoides Panr. (1889). — V. narrow, rhombic-lanceolate, with acute ends, very convex. Li. 0,086 to 0,09; B. 0,013 mm. Median line with approximate central pores. Axial area indistinct. Central area (by the distant median striee) a narrow transverse fascia. Strix about 14 in 0,01 mm. (the median more distant) very slightly radiate, at the ends transverse, indistinctly punctate. — Pant. IT p. 53 Pl. V f. 97, 98. Brackish water: Hungary, fossil! 6. N. Cruecicula W. Sm. (1853). — V. lanceolate to elliptic-lanceolate, with somewhat obtuse ends. L. 0,045 to 0,07; B. 0,015 to 0,019 mm. Central nodule transversely dilated. Axial and 140 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. central areas indistinct. Strie about 16 in 0,o1 mm. the median stronger and more distant, very slightly radiate, at the ends parallel, all finely punctate. — Stawroneis Crucicula W. Sm. B. D. I p. 60 Pl. XIX f. 192. Ldt. Spitsb. D. p. 37 Pl. IL f. 14. ™. eruc. Donk. B. D. p. 44 Pl. VI f 14. V. H. Syn. p. 96 PL X f. 15. Stauroneis dilatata W. Sm. B. D. 1. c. f. 191? Brackish water: Spitsbergen! Baltic! Coasts of the North Sea (Sweden! England! Belgium V. H.), Atlantic coasts of North America! Var. obtusata Grun. (1880). — Smaller, broadly lanceolate, with rounded obtuse ends. L. 0,025 to 0,05; B. 0,01 to 0016 mm. Strive 17 in 0,01 mm. -— Nav. Crucie. var. obt. Grun. A. D. p. 89 PL. 1 4. 87. Brackish water: Grun. Var. minuta Grun. (1860). — V. broadly lanceolate, with slightly rostrate ends. — L. 0,02; B. 0,01 mm. Striz 19 in 0,01 mm. — Staur. Crucicula var. minuta Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 567 PL VES 23, Marine: Adriatic (Grun.). 7. N. gibbula Cu. N. Sp. — V linear, slightly gibbons in the middle, with broad, truncate ends. . 0,033 to 0,043; B. 0,o085 to 0,01 mm. Axial area indistinct. Central area very small, rounded. Striz 16 (middle) to 21 (ends) radiate in the middle, where they are of equal length, slightly radiate in the ends, distinctly punctate, puncta (about 22 in 0,01 mm.) forming longi- tudinal rows. — N. gibberula Lagsr. Spitsb. D. p. 80 Pl. I f. 7 (1873). — N. gibbula Icon. n. Pl. V f. 17. Fresh water (moist earth etc.): Spitsbergen! Beeren Hiland (Ldt.). Var. oblonga Laas. (1873). — V. linear not gibbous in the middle. — Nav. gibberula var. oblonga Lagst. 1. c. p. 31. Fresh water: Spitsbergen (Lagst.). Var. capitata Laast. (1873). — V. strongly gibbous in the middle, with dilated, rounded truncate ends. —- N. gibberula var. capitata Lagst. |. c. p. 31 PL If 7 w’. Fresh water: Spitsbergen (Lagst.), Beeren Eiland (Lagst.). 8. N. Landstrémii Cx. (1880). — V. linear-lanceolate, with subrostrate, broad ends. L. 0,034 to 0,051; B. 0,011 to 0,013 mm. Median line with the terminal fissures in the same direction. Axial area narrow, slightly dilated around the central nodule. Striz 16 (middle) to 20 (ends) in 0,01 mm., radiate throughout, finely punctate, in the middle of equal length. -—- Cu. A. D. p. 13, 36, Pl. II f. 39. Brackish water: Sea of Kara (Jamal)! Var. Frieseana Grun. (1879). — V. with broad rostrate-capitate ends, slightly asymmetrical. L. 0,032 to 0,048; B. 0,012 to 0,015 mm. Striz 16 to 18 in 0,01 mm. (middle) or 20 to 22 in 0,01 mm. at the ends, in the middle radiate and of equal length, at the ends radiate, distinctly punctate, puncta (about 20 in 0,01 mm.) forming undulating longitudinal rows. — Cymbella Frieseana Grun. in Cl. M. D: Nee 261. Teen, n. PL. Vf. 18. Brackish water: Finmark (Tana Elf)! 9. N. protracta Gruy. (1880). — V. linear, with rostrate and truncate ends. L. 0,022 to 0,035; B. 0,oos to 0,01 mm. Axial area very narrow; central very small. Striz 12 (middle) to 20 (ends) in 0,01 mm., slightly radiate in the middle, transverse at the ends, coarsely punctate, puncta about 17 in 0,01 mm. — WN. Cruc. var.? prot. Grun. A. D. p. 35 Pl II f 38. V. H. Syn. p. 96 Suppl. Pl. B f. 27. Foss. D. Oster. Ung. p. 146 Pl. XXX f. 47. WN. Troglodytes Panr. II p. 54 Pl. XI f. 184 (1889)? Brackish water: Salines of the mainland of Europe (Grun.), Belgium (V. H.), Hungary, foss. (Pant.) — Cameroon! Var. maxima Cu. — L. 0,08; B. 0,016 mm. Strive about 14 to 15 in 0,01 mm. Fresh water: Rio Purus, Brazil (Deby Coll.)! KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. w:o 2. 141 10. N. integra W. Sm. (1856). — V. lanceolate-elliptical, margins with 3 to 5 undulations, and rostrate-apiculate ends. L. 0,027 to 0,03; B. 0,ocs to 0,oo9 mm. Axial area indistinct, cen- tral very small. Striz about 23 in 0,01 mm., more distant in the middle, slightly radiate at the ends. — Pinnularia rostrata Gruc. M. J. IV Pl. I f. 14 (1856). Pinn. integra W. Sm. D. II p. 96. Nav. integra Raurs. in Pritch. p. 895 (1861). Donx. B. D. p. 40 Pl. VI f. 8. Grun. A. D. p. 36. V. H. Syn. p. 96 Pl. XI f. 22. Cymbella integra A. 8. Atl. Pl. LXXI f. 64—66. Stauroneis Janischii Rasy. Alg. Eur. 848 (1859)?! Brackish water: Holstein! England (W. Sm.), Belgium (V. H.). 11. N. Lagerstedtii Cu. N. Sp. — V. linear with triundulated margins and broad, obtuse ends. L. 0,028; B. 0,006 mm. Areas indistinct. Strie 11 (middle) to 15 (ends) in 0,01 mm. slightly radiate, parallel at the ends. — Nav. sp. Laest. Spitsb. D. p. 85 Pl. IT f. 12 (1878). Fresh water: Spitsb. (Lagst.). 12. N. subtilissima Cr. (1891). — V. linear, with capitate ends. L. 0,032; B. 0,005 mm. Axial area indistinct, central small. Strie about 40 to 45 in 0,01 mm. in the middle stronger, more distant and more radiate; other striz slightly radiate. — Cu. D. of Finl. p. 37 Pl. II f. 15. Stauroneis linearis Laesr. Spitsb. D. p. 37 Pl. II f. 13? Fresh water: Finland (Imandra Lappmark)! Sweden (Westerbotten, Degernas)! Spitsbergen (Lagst.). 13. N. Kilfvensis Gruy. Ms. — V. linear with rounded ends. L. 0,02; B. 0,005 mm. Areas indistinct. Striz 24 (middle) to 27 (ends) in 0,01 mm. Fresh water: Kalfva, Alands socken, Sweden, fossil (Grun.). 14. N. subinflata Grun. (1883). — V. linear, more or less gibbous in the middle, with rounded ends. L. 0,025 to 0,04; B. 0,008 mm. Axial area indistinct, central small irregular. Strie about 19 in 0,01 mm., almost parallel. The three or four median strie are shorter and much more distant than the others. Frustule in the zonal view rectangular; the connecting zone with faint longitudinal lines. — Grun. in Cl. Vega p. 470 Pl. XXXVII f. 50. Marine: Cape Wankarema! Arctic America! Norway, Grip! Var. elliptica Cu. — V. elliptical with rounded ends. L. 0,035; B. 0,013 mm. Striz 20 in 0,01 mm. Marine: Adriatic (Cl. M. D. N:o 210). Navicule Microstigmatice Ct. Valve elongated, usually lanceolate to linear, never panduriform. Axial area narrow or in- distinct. Central area small and rounded, or a transverse stauros. Structure: small, but distinct, puncta arranged in parallel, or slightly radiate, transverse strie, and undulating longitudinal rows, the median transverse strie not alternately longer and shorter, connecting zone complex or simple. This large section comprises a number of species, hitherto placed in Navicula, Stauroneis, Pleurostauron, Schizostauron and Schizonema. The may be classed in the following divisions: 1. Stauroneis. Central nodule transversely dilated into a simple stauros. No diaphragms at the ends of the valve. Connecting zone simple. 2. Pleurostauron. Like Stauroneis, but with diaphragms at the ends of the valve. 3. Schizostauron. Central nodule transversely dilated into a furcate or bifid stauros. 1 To judge from the figure. I have not seen any specimens in the material. . 142 Pp. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. 4. Libellus. Zone complex or with longitudinal divisions. Central nodule dilated into a stauros, or not dilated. 5. Muecrostigma. Zone simple. Central nodule not transversely dilated. This division of the whole group cannot be completely carried out at present, as the con- necting zones of many species have not been observed. I consequently class all the forms now in two groups, viz. those with transversely dilated central nodules in Stauroneis, and those without such dilated central nodules in Microstigma; at the same time indicating as far as can yet be made out to which of the five groups named above each species belongs. The genus Stauwroneis (Eur. 1843) has always been regarded as distinguished from Navicula by the transversely dilated central nodule; but the difference between a dilatation of the nodule itself, or stauros, and a more transverse extension of the central area, or fascia, has not hitherto been strictly carried out, and several forms with transverse areas only have been placed in Stauroneis. These I now remove to Pinnularia or Navicula. Still, if we include in Stauroneis all the naviculoid forms which have transversely dilated central nodules, we shall not have a natural genus, as it will comprise species of Trachyneis, Mastoneis, Pseudoamphiprora, and other groups. All these I also remove to their respective groups and confine Stauroneis to such forms as possess the structure described above as belonging to the Microstigmatice. Stauroneis has affinities with Amphora, particulary with the group Psammamphora, in which the structure is identical, and in which occur species with and without a stauros, which may be regarded as asymmetrical forms of Stauroneis and Microstigma. In all the true species of Stauroneis the striz are radiate at the ends. This is the case also in the group Pleurostauron, which is nearly related to Stauroneis and passes over into it by gradual transitions. Many species of both these groups are met with in fresh water in all countries, arctic or tropical, a few inhabit brackish waters, but there is scarcely any undoubted marine species. The fresh water species of Schizostauron are closely allied to those of Pleurostauron, but I am not sufficiently acquainted with the marine species of the former to be able to speak as to their affinities. The division Lebellus comprises forms with and without stauros. They are all marine and some of them live enclosed in gelatinous tubes, for which reason they have been classed in the very unnatural genus Schizonema. As there are free forms, so closely connected with those living in gelatinous tubes, that they cannot be specifically distinguished, there is no reason to retain the genus Schizonema. As early as 1873 I proposed the generic name Libellus for Navicule with complex zone, but this view was not accepted until recently by De Toni, who placed in this genus N. aponina. Whether this be admissible or not I cannot say, as I have not examined this species sufficiently; but as it is figured in Van Heurcks Synopsis as having subsidiary longitudinal lines it may belong to Caloneis. The species of Libellus are no doubt closely connected with those of the division Microstigma, in which are some forms the zone of which has longitudinal rows of short strie (N. auklandica and NV. Garkeana). Still closer allied are the forms of the section Oxyamphora among the asym- metrical naviculoid diatoms. The same structure exists in these Amphore as in Libellus; the zone is similar and there are in Oxyamphora species with, and without stauros, exactly as in Libellus. Most forms of Libellus have the terminations of the median line at some distance from the ends of the valve. The division Mucrostigma comprises forms without stauros, and with a simple connecting zone, which however, as stated above, has in some species longitudinal rows of short strie. I have enclosed in this division several forms, classed in different genera by authors, as Scolio- pleura tumida, and Rhoiconeis Garkeana, the former having a sigmoid median line, the latter arcuate frustules.’ On the sigmoid median line alone no natural genus can be founded, forms with KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. wo 2, 143 a sigmoid median line occuring in the groups Levistriate (N. Raeana), Caloneis (C. staurophora). Lineolate, Eucocconeis ete. Moreover there are gradual transitions from forms with sigmoid median line to forms with straight median line and terminal fissures in contrary directions (N. auklandica) while many such forms are closely connected with others having the terminal fissures in the same direction. In NN. tumzda some specimens occur in which the median line is scarcely sigmoid. As to Rhoiconets, this genus is also inadmissible, as it contains widely different forms, and the degree of flexure in the frustule varies in the same species. Some forms of the section Lineo- late are more or less arcuate, and in Gyrosigma and Pleurosigma we meet with species, which in some varieties are straight, in others arcuate. Microstigma is doubtless akin to Libellus and has also a resemblance to the symmetrical forms of Tropidoneis, which differ principally by their highly elevated valves. Among the other groups of Navicula, Microstigma has affinities with the Decipientes and Fusiformes, the former having the median strive wider (as in N. tumida), the latter having the puncta arranged in longi- tudinal rows; and with the Entoleie, which have a distinct axial area. In fact it is impossible to trace any absolute limit between these groups of forms. Artificial key. 1. j Central nodule stauroid . 2. 2 7. ee ee é : : 2. — — not me 00) ee ert A eee a Lay » 129. 9, ee bifid! «62. see Se eee ee Ree eS Aa eee ae Sy day ea SN 5. — not — .... ‘ ee ee ee a ee 7. 5, pot broad wae j§$§ ‘weenie el Bis Gee e eae ih Hintate Enps.. ; narrow . eo oe gee Be ap eee a a 6. 6. agi 15in 001mm ... .. . . &. cael Eup. (S. anceps var. nobilis). 20 to 30 in 0,01 mm... . mr eden Ae, She hoe . &. anceps Exp. Size small (L. 0,013 to 0,025 es a a, ge gd at lar. eo a A aah ae a «= 8; bs — median (L. about 005 mm.) .. . ne si Re we eee 10. ==. large (L. 0,07 ‘to: Oj2 mm). 6 we 16. Linear-elliptical . . 2... a ee ee a ee .. . . &. septentrionalis Grun. 8. {uate Sb e 24 : is ee = Ba ae we eg S. perpusilla Gruy. Elliptical . . . ee % ¢ i a ae is 9. eg about 18 in 0,01 mm. ay Gee ... &. kryophila Gru. : — 2 — ee . . . S&S. perminuta Grun. Ends broad, capitate or ficient ce Ae a. Searle ae. Jae aac os 11. obtuse or rounded .......... ok @ we Bind oe « » » 12, 10. eB cuneate. 2... Be roceGheEler ces Karta. Gea .. . . SS. Demerare Cu. subacute ...... , ae. % dept) 68 as oi ae) cde SLD 11. ee: 14 to 19 in 001 mm. . . : oe OR b. lees ‘Ss. desiderata Cu. — Mee ee 2s . . . S. pachycephala Cu. 12. ee small aa short. . anf Gite crchs: ter 55 . . . S&S. pellucida Cu. pervious. s:.% ae & + wale bb Rae 4 Die av de, Ab ga seeds g 13. 13. en broad with numerous distinct divisions ....- -- +--+ s eee S. Biblos Cu. — narrow with faint divisions. ...... ..... eget eh ans 14. 14. ia broad. 2. ee we we le ios Be a . &. Gregorit Rars. marrow... ee oo Gg —Bovade 4p ara S. constricta W. Sm. 15 oe 17 to 18 in 0,0. OL MMs 6 cee ohana we ; wo .. S. salina W. 8m. : — ae ee ae ahs gee .. . & africana Ot. lines ok ee ee * £9 eR 2 ee ea . 8. Schinzii Bron. 16: { Rhomboid- ieaesdtate ie KERR Ge terete ju gittncns (es Oe ted S. Phoenicenteron Exp. 17. eee es dys 2S : mi yee.) SL Smithit Gron. Non-apiculate : ; Bee ge, OO eons Teg ERS ow BS: 144 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. 18 fe Valve biconstricted Pos, ee i ; <8 so 19. : not — eR 20. 19 pee (L. 0,03 to 004 mm.) .. 1... , . 8. Legumen Ens. * \ Large (L. 0,2 mm.) ; ... . 8. Fulmen Bow. | Valve fusiform : : : : S. Frauenfeldtiana Grun. 20. — yhombic-lanceolate . . ; a boys oer . S. acuta W. 8m. pees lanceolate or linear-lanceolate. . . . & ay H, te. ears 21. 91 on (L. 0,12 to 0.2 mm.) go em Ilvodedey'y S. javanica GRun. ri Small (L. less than 0,07 mm.) a 22. 99 ae about 15 in 001 mm... ee anes S. oblonga Grun. = — fine 23 _— : By hy Se aetb de es Ets caer os 23. 93 re rostrate .. . . ; Sieehy JB sti . S&S. parvula GRon. 7 — non-rostrate ‘ ; ; 4n S. obtusa Laest. 94. J Branches of the stauros parallel ; ae oe ssh aan SS .. &. Sagitta Cu. Lo o- — divergent . Bg RE ante 25. 95 yeni habitat . i : Be : we lig lao 26: : Marine . . : ; ' , ; fo va we RUS 26 J Ends rostrate . . ; Leas ces S. Crucicula Grun. “| = non-rostrate ; one .. . & andicola Cu. 97 Gene lanceolate, subrostrate . . , . . S. Reichardtiana Gruy. : broadly elliptical . . 5 ee kD a ee gh a 28. Stauros with very divergent branches a ee eee oe ae S. Lindigiana Grun. 28. — — less _— _— é .. . S&. ovata Grun. Median line sigmoid or with the deagatiiah desties in datonny directions. ..... 30. 29, ad oi Vee — not sigmoid. .. ». + .. the same = or indistinct 31. 30 {Median line sigmoid ... 7. ..... : : . N. tumida Bris. ‘ — straight... : De sentra ; : N. auklandica Grun. Ends with diaphragms eT: : N. inelegans GRovE & Sturt. 31. ,- without — & Saye SAG Rabe Agog) AES ee 32. 39 — line Hexw0se' sw 4 ede ee «ee aE Ee PRE Ee eS . WN. plicatula Grun. ’ SISUPAIBNG oy eco te Sel ae Seer aes Se Ge os PG Hele dea lh ae Sho 383. Frustule arcuate 2... ee . N. Garkeana Grun. 33. ee MOG 4 eke 4G eee ee yo Lap leg Aa Detewtsde . ie, Bika and 84. 34 | Sri very fine (28 i 30 in 0,01 mm.) ag ag tele oe Gg Sale he 35. — 15 to 20in 01 mm 2. 2... le 387. Fone broad. snide owes cay crlecerel aks ie ciignn «i N. Hyelvsira Cu. 35. a narrow Si Rirfiise. 2. ile. “Seebiyvseranwe «tev MELE. one ee 2% 36. 36 ae acute... ... ee. Ute, Ste eee, Eee . N. aponina Kitz. at rostrate- soaritate. a. tree tenes . ee NN. Bulnheimii Garon. Valve shee obtuse. % Bee ie a ea N. Scopulorum Bree. i. lanceolate 48 i a a 38. 37, Aiaanic — Par BR Bel etiy hg ae 39. (= elliptie — 2 ...... N. suavis Cu. & GROVE. — rostrate ... . > 2s . ee. NM. Simbot Pant. Zone broad... . 1 ae N. complanata Grun. 38. ; ea narrow. . a ee : ae N. plicata Donx. 39 ee in gelatinous uneasy gor 28 es : . . .N. Grevillet Ac. : PTOB se ke we a , SR, CR Ae ego 40. 40 eae Ooh ihin: A RGtGolin ag, er Geer ; foe Su a 'N. Wee GrRun. * ) Acute or subacute... . F ‘ 4 a sf ag ; . 41. Median line reaching to the ouile oe pe teed git Ses ow. Eikdie GREG. 41. ve — not _— a Gee ee : 4. ae ae Se oR ee ee 42. 49 oa fissures indistinct . 2... 1 ee ee eee . . N. rhombica Grae. . — hook-shaped . . ...... - 2... MN. hamulifera Gron. 1. S.? pellucida Ci. (1883). — V. elliptical, with broad, rounded ends, thin and convex. L. 0,053 to 0,06; B. 0,016 to 0,o23 mm. Median line with the terminal fissures indistinct because the convexity of the valve. Central nodule transversely dilated to a short stauros. Axial area indistinct; central small. Striz 16 to 21 in 0,01 mm. obscure, punctate. KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. wn:o 2, 145 Forma arctica. Stauros narrow. Strie 19 to 21 in 0,01 mm. — S. pellucida Cu. Vega p- 475 Pl. XXXV f. 10. Marine: Cape Wankarema (North Siberian Sea)! Forma mediterranea. Stauros broad, irregularly subquadrate. Striz 16 in 0,01 mm. Marine: Barcelona! Balearic Islands! This is a curious form, not closely connected with any other known species, so that its position in a natural system is uncertain. I have placed it here only provisionally. It always occurs very sparingly. 2. §. (Libellus) constricta (Kuz. 1843?), W. Sm. (1853). — V. membranaceous, linear, convex, sometimes constricted in the middle, with subacute, rounded or subcuneate ends. L. 0,05 to 0.14; B. 0,0075 mm. Stauros pervious, narrow linear. Axial area indistinct. Strive 25 to 27 in 0,01 mm. transverse. Frustule with complex connecting zone. — Stauron. constricta Eup. Am. Pl. I:2 f. 12 b.? Amphiprora constricta W. Sm. B. D. I Pl. XV f. 126. Stauron. amphoroides Groun. in A. S. Atl. XXVI f. 35 to 39. Nav. simulans Donk. B. D. p. 60 Pl. IX f. 3 (1873)? Marine or brackish: Davis Strait! North Sea (coasts of Sweden, England, Normandy)! Adriatic (Grun.). It is not very probable that St. constricta of HuHRENBERG represents this species, whatever it may be. 3. 8. (Libellus) Biblos Cx. (1892). — V. thin and very convex, linear-elliptical with obtuse ends. L. 0,055; B. 0,015 mm. Central pores approximate. Central nodule transversely dilated into a narrow stauros. Terminal nodules distant from the ends of the valve. Striz about 30 in 0,01 mm. composed of fine puncta somewhat less close, forming undulating, longitudinal rows. Frustule quadrate. Zone broad, with numerous longitudinal divisions. — Cu. Diatomiste I p. 77 Pl. XII f. 9, 10. Marine (pelagic.): Barbados! This species is of interest as it has a very complex connecting zone and at the same time a well developed stauros. The former characteristic as well as the sculpture of the valve and the distant terminal nodules, prove that it is nearly akin to N. rhombica. The latter characteristic shews an affinity to Stauroneis salina. 4. §. (Libellus) africana Cr. (1881). — V. lanceolate, with subacute ends, convex. L. 0,05 to 0,06; B. 0,01 to 0,013 mm. Stauros narrow, pervious. Striz 23 in 0,01 mm. transverse. Con- necting zone with faint longitudinal divisions. — Cu. N. R. D. p. 15 Pl. TI f. 42. Brackish water: South Africa! Ceylon (Weissflog Coll.)! Var. acuminata Grun. — V. acuminate. Strie 23 in 0,01 mm. Grun. in V. H. T. N:o 187. Marine: Norfolk. This species is intermediate between S. constricta and S. salina, having the fine strie of the former and the form of the latter. It is more silicious than S. constricta. 5. §. salina W. Sm. (1853). — V. lanceolate, witlg subacute ends. L. 0,05 to 0,08; B. 0,012 to 0.014 mm. Axial area indistinct. Stauros narrow, slightly dilated towards the margins, pervious. Strie 17 to 18 in 0,01 mm. transverse, finely punctate. — W. Sm. B. D. I p. 60 Pl. XIX f. 188. V. H. Syn. p. 68 Pl. X f 16. Laaesr. Boh. D. p. 47 f. 5. Marine: North Sea! Mediterranean Sea (Balearic Islands)! Black Sea (Sebastopol)! Var.? latior Dannr. (1882). — V. broadly lanceolate, with rostrate ends. Strize? — Dannr. Balt. D. p. 32 Pl. III f. 21. Brackish water: Baltic, Bay of Finland (Dannf.). 6. S. Gregorii Ratrs (1861). — V. lanceolate, gradually tapering from the middle to the obtuse ends. L. 0,05 to 0,1; B. 0,01 to 0,013 mm. Stauros broad, pervious. Striz 16 to 20 in K. Sv. Vet. Akad. Hand]. Band 26. N:o 2. 19 146 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. 0,01 mm. almost parallel. — Raurs Prich. Inf. p. 913. St. Amphioxys Gree. T. M. S. IV p. 48 Pl. V f. 23 (1856). St. Gregorit Grun. A. D. p. 47 Pl. III f. 64 (1880). V. H. Syn. p. 68 Suppl. Pl. Aut 4 Brackish water: Sea of Kara! North Sea (coasts of Sweden! Scotland! and Belgium V. H.); Black Sea (Sebastopol)! Caspian Sea (? Grun.), Atlantic coast of N. N. America (Cape May)! S. Gregori differs from S. salina by its broad stauros. Probably a variety with more lanceolate outline is S. pacifica Castr. (Chall. Voy. p. 23 Pl. XX f. 9), which is too insufficiently described for identification. A small form of S. Gregorii from the mouth of the Somme has been named by Grunow (in Cl. M. D. 247, 255) var. diminuta. 7. §. perminuta Grun. (1881). — V. elliptical, with rounded ends. L. 0,013 to 0,025; B. 0,005 to 0,oo7 mm. Stauros narrow, pervious. Strie 22 to 23 in 0.01 mm. slightly radiate. — Grun. in Cl. D. fr. Grénl. Arg. p. 12 Pl. XVI f. 9. Brackish water: South Africa (Grun.), Patagonia (Arroyo de Olivera)! 8. §S. perpusilla Grow. (1884). — V. lanceolate. IL. 0,018 to 0,02; B. 0,o0o38 mm. Stauros narrow, pervious. Striz not seen. — Grun. Franz Josephs Land D. p. 105 (53) Pl. I f. 50. Marine: Franz Josephs Land (Grun.). Var. obtusiuscula Grun. — V. shorter, with more obtuse ends. Gruwn. l. c. f. 49. Marine: Franz Josephs Land (Grun.). 9. §. desiderata Cu. (1880). — V. linear to lanceolate with broad, capitate ends. L. 0,05; B. 0,016 mm. Terminal fissures of the median line hook-shaped and turned in contrary directions. Stauros narrow, linear, reaching nearly to the margins. Strie 14 to 19 in 0,01 mm. slightly radiate, especially at the ends, very finely punctate. — Cu. in A. D. p. 14 Pl. II f. 58. Brackish and marine: Sea of Kara! Behrings Island! 10. 8. septentrionalis Grun. (1884). — V. linear-lanceolate. L. 0,024; B. 0,0048 mm. Stauros narrow, not reaching the margin. Striz 23 in 0,01 mm. transverse, in the middle sub- radiate. Grun. Franz Joseps Land D. p. 105 (53) Pl. I f. 48. Marine: Franz Josephs Land (Grun.). 11. S. kryophila Grun. (1884). — V. elliptic-lanceolate, with obtuse ends. L. 0,019; B. 0,007 mm. Stauros narrower towards the margins. Strie in the middle 16, at the ends 20 in 0,o1 mm. slightly radiate, distinctly punctate. — Grun. Franz Josephs Land D. p. 105 (53) Pl. I f. 47. Marine: Franz Josephs Land (Grun.). 12. S. pachyeephala Cx. (1879). — V. linear, gibbous in the middle, with broad, capitate ends. Li. 0,04 to 0,055; B. 0,007 to 0,oo9 mm. Median line with contrary and hook-shaped termi- nal fissures. Stauros pervious. Strie about 29 in 0,01 mm. radiate. — Cru. M. D. N:o 197. N.R. D. p. 15 Pl. IIL f. 48. i Brackish water: South Africa! Tasmania! 13. S. Sechinzii Brun. (1891). — V. linear, somewhat gibbous in the middle and at the broad, rounded ends. L. 0,13 to 0,17; B. 0,011 to 0,12 mm. Stauros pervious. Terminal fissures turned in the same direction. Terminal nodules large. Axial area narrow, linear. Strie 19 to 20 in 0,01 mm. slightly divergent in the middle and slightly convergent at the ends, distinctly punctate. Puncta 19 to 20 in 0,01 mm. arranged in irregular, longitudinal rows. — Brun. D. espéces n. p. 88 Pl. XVI f. 1. Fresh water: South West Africa (Brun Coll.)! This form is very distinct from all other known species. The narrow axial area is bordered by conspicuous, thick silicious ribs. KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. w:o 2. 147 14. S. Demerare Cu. N. Sp. — V. linear, gibbous in the middle, with broad cuneate ends. L. 0,045; B. 0,009 mm. Stauros linear, pervious. (Terminal fissures, not seen). Strie very fine, transverse in the middle, slightly radiate at the ends. — Pl. IL f. 15. Fresh water: Demerara River! Of this species, remarkable for its form, I have seen only a few specimens, in which I have not succeeded in making the terminal fissures visible, for which reason the description is somewhat incomplete. 15. S. anceps Enr. (1843). — V. lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, with rostrate or rostrate- capitate ends. L. 0,024 to 0,13; B. 0,006 to 0,017 mm. Stauros linear, reaching the margin or not. Axial area indistinct. Strie 20 to 80 in 0,01 mm. slightly radiate, finely punctate. —- S. anceps Eup. Am. Pl. II: 1, f. 18. S. anceps is extremely variable, and it does not appear to me possible to separate the forms into definite species. The numerous fresh-water species of Stanroneis, named by Eurenpere, are founded on very slight differences in the outline, which is very variable, and they cannot be identified, as no indication of the number of strie exists. Moreover the forms included here under the name of S. anceps, pass gradually, without any limit, into others, which can scarcely be di- stinguished from smaller forms of S. Phoenicenteron. The simplest method had perhaps been to unite S. anceps and S. Phoenicenteron, but the species would then have comprised, as extremes, very different forms. From a practical point of view it seems to be best to arrange the forms into a few varieties, however arbitrary the limits may be. The central nodule reaches usually to the margin of the valve and corresponds to a transverse area, which however, is frequently narrower than the central nodules. Under good lenses the marginal part of the stauros seems to be covered with shorter striz. A. Lanceolate forms, with more or less protracted, not capitate ends. Var. siberica Grun. (1880). — V. lanceolate. Li. 0,064; B. 0,015 mm. Stauros not reaching to the margin. Striee very fine (more than 30 in 0,01 mm.). — Grun. A. D. p. 48 Pl. III f. 65. Fresh water: Mouth of Jenisey (Grun.). Var. hyalina Br. a. Prag. (1893). — V. lanceolate, with very protracted ends. L. 0,04 to 0,085; B. 0,009 to 0,o12 mm. Stauros pervious. Striz very fine. — Br. a. Prac. in Hérib. D. d'Auvergne p. 78 Pl. III f. 19. Fresh water: Puy de Déme, fossil (Hérib.), Australia (Blue Mountains, Rieva Lagoons, Austr. Alps)! Var. gracilis (Eup. 1843?). — V. lanceolate. L. 0,04 to 0,05; B. 0,008 mm. Stauros pervious. Striz 27 in 0,01 mm. — 8S. grac. Eup. Am. Pl. I: 2, f. 14 ete. Fresh water: Dovre, Norway! Var. birostris (Eup. 1843?). — V. lanceolate. L. 0,065 to 0,13; B. 0,014 to 0,017 mm. Strie 24 in 0,01 mm. distinctly punctate. — 8. birostris Eup. Am. Pl. II: 2 f. 1? S. anceps var. Cu. D. f. Gronland and Argentina p. 12 Pl. XVI f. 5. St. gallica Hiris. a. Perac. D. d’ Auvergne p. 77 Pl. III f. 21 (1898). Fresh water: Puy de Dome, fossil (Hérib.), Waltham, Mass.! Argentina, Rioja! Var. derasa Grun. Ms. — V. narrow lanceolate, with somewhat protracted ends. L. 0,05 to 0,07; B. 0,008 to 0,01 mm. Stauros broad pervious. Strie about 26 in 0,01 mm. visible only along the median line. ; Fresh water: Férarm in Asnen, Sweden, fossil! Var. linearis Eup. (1843). — V. with parallel margins, rostrate. L. 9,045 to 0,05; B. 0,008 to 0,o12 mm. Strie 20 to 25 in 0,01 mm. — S. linearis Ens. Am. 1:2, f. 11 etce.? S. anceps var. lin. V. H. Syn. p. 69 Pl. IV f. 7, 8. Fresh water: Holstein! Belgium (V. H.), Australia, Blue Mountains! 148 Pp. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. Var. obtusa Grun. Ms. — V. linear, with broad, rostrate ends. L. 0,024; B. 0,006 mm. Striz 21 in 0,01 mm. closer towards the ends (24 in 0,01 mm.). Fresh water: Sandwich Islands, Mauna Kea (Cl. M. D. N:o 141). Var.? nobilis Scuum. (1867?). — V. lanceolate, rostrate. L. 0,11; B. 0,023 mm. Stauros narrowed towards the margins. Strie 16 in 0,01 mm., slightly radiate, composed of coarse, elongate puncta, 15 in 0,01 mm., arranged in oblique, somewhat undulating rows. — S. nobilis Scuum. P. D. II Nachtr. p. 59 Pl. II f. 60? Slightly brackish water: Klackeberga, Kalmar lan, Sweden, fossil (Ancylus-epoch)! I am not convinced that this form is really the same as Scuumann’s, the puncta of which are figured as arranged in obliquely decussating rows as in Pleurosigma [Else the outline and the size agree pretty well with Scuumann’s figure. B. Forms with capitate ends. Var. elongata Cu. — V. narrow linear-lanceolate. L. 0,055; B. 0,009 mm. Striz 26 in 0,01 mm. — 8S. linearis var. in Cl. M. D. N:o 56. Fresh water: Germany! Var. amphicephala Kwrz. (1844). — V. lanceolate. L. 0,04 to 0,08; B. 0,009 to 0,015 mm. Strie 21 to 22 in 0,01 mm. distinctly punctate. — S. amph. Kitz. Bac. p. 105 Pl. XXX f. 25. S. anceps W. Sm. B. D. I Pl. XIX f. 190. V. H. Syn. p. 69 Pl. IV f. 4, 5. S. linearis Gron. Verh. 1860 Pl. VI f. 11. Fresh water: Spitsbergen! Sweden (Westerbotten to Smaland)! Belgium (V. H.), England (W. Sm.), Switzerland (Brun), Japan! Bengal! Greenland! Maine! California! Brazil! Ecuador! Var. recta Cu. —— V. linear. L. 0,045; B. 0,009 mm. Strie 23 in 0,01 mm. Fresh water: Kuopio, Finland! Var. fossilis Cu. (1891). — V. lanceolate, with flattened, capitate ends. L. 0,09; B. 0,016 mm. Striz 23 in 0,01 mm. — Cu. D. of Finland p. 40 Pl. II f. 18. Fresh water: Sweden (Degernés in Westerbotten, fossil; Lake Rosslangen)! Finland (Savi- taipale, foss.)! Var. argentina Cu. (1881). -- V. lanceolate. L. 0,065; B. 0,013 mm. Stauros not reaching to the margins. Strie 16 in 0,01 mm. — S. gracilis var. arg. Cu. D. fran Grénl. och Argentina p: 12 Fl, AVE £4. Fresh water: Sierra de Velasco, Argentina! 16. S. Phyllodes Exp. (1843). — V. lanceolate, with protracted, obtuse ends. L. 0,105; B. 0,025 mm. Stauros narrower towards the margins. Striz 15 (middle) to 18 (ends) in 0,01 mm. radiate throughout, punctate; puncta about 15 in 0,01 mm., arranged into irregularly undulating rows. — Eup. Am. Pl. II:1, f. 16 ete? Icon. n. Pl. III f. 27. 8S. Sicboldiit Eup. M. G. PI. XXXIV: 8, f. 12? Fresh water: Demerara River! 17. S. dilatata Eup. (1843). — V. with parallel margins and rostrate, truncate ends. L. 0,065 to 0,068; B. 0,018 to 0,o2 mm. Stauros broad, linear, reaching near to the margin. Strize 18 in 0,01 mm., radiate throughout, distinctly punctate, puncta 24 in 0,01 mm., forming undulating, longitudinal rows. — Eup. Am. I: 2 f. 12. Cu. A. D. p. 48 Pl. III f. 62. Fresh water (larger lakes): Sweden, Malaren! Finland, Ladoga! Siberia, Mouth of Jenissey! 18. 8. Phoenicenteron Ens. (1843). — V. lanceolate, usually with slightly protracted, obtuse ends. L. 0,07 to 0,2; B. 0,028 to 0,o4 mm. Stauros linear. Strie radiate throughout 13 to 21 in 0,01 mm. distinctly punctate, puncta forming undulating, longitudinal lines. — Exs. Am. Pl. II: 5 f. 1 ete. KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. w:o 2. 149 Var. amphilepta Ens. (1843). — L. 0,07 to 0,1; B. 0,015 to 0,o2 mm. Strie and puncta 18 to 21 in 0,01 mm. — S. amph. Enz. Am. I: 2 f. 9? M. G. Pl. XIV f. 18? Herre. D. d’Auvergne p- 77 Pl. III f. 18 (1893). 8S. gracilis W. Sm. B. D. XIX f. 186. SS. lanceolata Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 568. S. boryana Pant. III Pl. V f. 78; 1893 (8. javanica?). Fresh water: Sweden! Finland! Holstein! England (Sm.), Greenland! Australia, Murray River! Var. genuina Cr. — L. 0,1 to 0,15; B. 0,03 to 0,04 mm. Strie 14 to 17, puncta about 12 in 0,01 mm. — S. phoenicenteron W. Sm. B. D. Pl. XIX f. 185. Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 563. V. H. Syn. p. 67 Pl. IV f. 2. Panr. TIT Pl. VII f. 134. §. Brunii Per. in Hérib. d’Auvergne p. 76 Pl. TIT f. 22 (1898). Fresh water: Sweden! Finland! England! Belgium (V. H.), Switzerland! North America (Canada, Calif.)! Brazil! Argentina! New Zealand! Var. Baileys Ens. (1843). — L. 0,15 to 0,2; B. 0,045 mm. Strie and puncta 12 to 14 in Oo. mm. — S. Bail. Kus. Am. p. 143. 8S. pteroidea Batu. (accord. to Ehb.) M. G. Pl. XIV f. 5. Fresh water: North America (Cherryfield etc. fossil)! 19. §S. (Pleurostauron) parvula Grun. (1878). — V. linear-lanceolate, with obtuse or slightly rostrate ends. L. 0,02 to 0,025; B. 0,005 mm. Stauros broad, pervious. Strie 23 in 0,01 mm. radiate. — Grun. in Cl. M. D. Nio 139. Fresh water: Berlin! Var. prominula Grun. Ms. — Linear, with rostrate ends. L. 0,02 to 0,04; B. 0,004 to 0,008 mm. Strie 25 to 28 in 0,01 mm. Fresh or slightly brackish water: Greenland! Finmark, Tana Elf (Grun.), Gulf of Bothnia! Var. producta Grun. (1880). — V. linear lanceolate, with rostrate ends. L. 0,03 to 0,04; B. 0.008 mm. Striz 18 to 20 in 0,01 mm. — Stawron. producta Grun. in V. H. Syn. Pl. IV f. 12. Fresh water: Sweden Skane! Holstein! (Grun.). As 8S. parvula Janiscu has described, but not figured, a form from Angamos Guano (Charac. d. Guano II p. 14), which cannot be identified, for which reason Grunow’s name may be retained. — S. parvula Grun. differs from 8. producta only by its smaller size and finer strie, and they may be united. The var. producta is nearly akin to, and seems to graduate into S. Legumen. 20. S. (Pleurostauron) oblonga Gruy. (1867). — V. linear, with broad, rounded ends. L. 0,038 to 0,05; B. 0,o122 mm. Stauros linear, reaching to the margin. Strie transverse, 15 in 0,o1 mm. — Grun. Nov. p. 20 Pl. I f. 15. Fresh water: Java, foss. (Grun.). I have not succeeded in finding this form in the edible earth from Java, and cannot say anything about its affinities. 21. §. (Pleurostauron) obtusa Laesr. (1873). — V. linear-lanceolate, with broad, obtuse, not rostrate ends. I. 0,06 to 0,07; B. 0,01 mm. Stauros broad, reaching to the margin, where it becomes somewhat broader. Striz 19 to 21 in 0,01 mm. — Laest. Spitsb. D. p. 36 Pl. I f. 11. Fresh water: Spitsbergen (Lagst.). A similar form from Australia (Blue Mountains) has slightly rostrate ends. Another similar form, but with narrow, subacute ends, is described by Lewis (Proc. N. Sc. Philad. 1865 Pl. II f. 14) as a variety of S. Legumen. 22. §. (Pleurostauron) Legumen Eup. (1843). — V. elongated, biconstricted. Median infla- tion not larger than the others. Ends rostrate. L. 0,03 to 0,035; B. 0,oos mm. Stauros reaching nearly to the margin and not dilated outwards. Strie 27 in 0,01 mm., slightly radiate. Frustules coherent in short bands. — Stauroptera Legumen Eup. Am. p. 135 Pl. I: 2, f. 5 (fide Kiitz.). Stauro- neis Leg. Kitz. Bac. p. 107 Pl. XXIX f. 11. Gree. M. J. IV Pl. If 9. V. H. Syn. p. 69 PL. LY tt A. 150 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. Fresh or slightly brackish water: Sweden, Areskutan! Gulf of Bothnia! Lake Almten in Smaland! Scotland (Greg.), Belgium (V. H.). S. Legumen is nearly akin to S. parvula and may be regarded as a biconstricted variety of that species. If so Legumen should be the specific name. 23. S. (Pleurostauron) Smithii Gruy. (1860). — V. rhomboid-lanceolate, with slightly triundulate margins; the median inflation being larger. Ends apiculate. IL. 0,02 to 0,03; B. 0,007 mm. Stauros narrow, reaching to the margins. Strie 28 to 30 in 0,01 mm., almost parallel. — S. linearis W. Su. B. D. p. 60 Pl. XIX f. 193 (1853). S. Smithii Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 464 Pl. VI f. 16. V. H. Syn. p. 69 Pl. IV f. 10. Pleurostawron linearis Hitsz Rab. A. E. N:o 1161 (1861). Fresh or slightly brackish water: Sweden, Gulf of Bothnia! Upsala! Saxony! Belgium (V. H.), England! Illinois! Surinam! This is a small, very characteristic form, which occurs isolated among other diatoms. 24. §. (Pleurostauron) Frauenfeldiana Grun. (1867). — V. fusiform, subacute. L. 0,07 to 0,11; B. 0,008 to 0,oo9 mm. Stauros strong and dilated at the margins. Strie 21 in 0,01 mm. parallel, minutely punctate. — Pleuwros. Frauenf. Grun. Nov. p. 21 Pl. I f. 13. Fresh water: Java (fossil)! New Zealand! 25. §. (Pleurostauron) javanica Grun. (1867). — V. lanceolate with rounded obtuse ends. L. 0,12 to 0,21; B. 0,027 to 0,04 mm. Stauros linear, reaching the margin. Strie 12 to 14 in 0,01 mm. slightly radiate, punctate; puncta about 13 in 0,01 mm. — Pleurost. javanic. Grun. Novara p. 21 PLIf14. 8. Szontaghii Panr. III Pl. VII f. 143 (1898). Fresh water: Europe, Hungary, Bory (fossil)! Java! Australia (Blue Mountains)! Nova Scotia! Canada! Chicago, interglacial peat! This form is scarcely specifically distinct from S. acuta, although its form is nearly the same as that of S. phoenicenteron. 26. §. (Pleurostauron) acuta W. Sm. (1853). -— V. rhombic-lanceolate, gradually tapering from the middle to the narrow, obtuse ends. L. 0,08 to 0,15; B. 0,015 to 0,04 mm. Stauros broad, dilated outwards, reaching the margin. Strive 12 to 16 in 0,01 mm. composed of distinct puncta, 12 to 16 in 0,01 mm. Frustules coherent in short bands. — W. Sm. B. D. I p. 59 Pl. XIX f. 187. VY. H. Syn. p. 68 Pl. IV f 3. &. Kochit Pant. III Pl. VI f. 92 (1898). Fresh water: Franz Josephs Land (Grun.), Sweden! Finland! England! Belgium (V. H.), Germany! Greenland! Nova Scotia! Canada! Massachusetts! Argentina! Australia! New Zealand! Var. Terryana Teme. — V. in L. 0,35; B. 0,055 mm. Striz and puncta 13 in 0,01 mm. Brackish water: Connecticut! Var. undulata Ct. — V. with triundulate margins. L. 0,16; B. 0,03 mm. Diaphragms broad. Striz 15 to 16, puncta 15 in 0,01 mm Fresh water: Murray River, Australia! 27. §. (Pleurostauron) Fulmen Brw (1859). — V. elongated, biconstricted. Median inflation of about the same size as the others. Ends capitate. L. 0,2 to 0,22; B. 0,o028 to 0,03 mm. Stauros reaching to the margins and somewhat dilated outwards. Strie 15 in 0,01 mm., slightly radiate, punctate; puncta 13 in 0,01 mm. forming undulating, longitudinal rows. — Brw M. J. VII p. 180 Pl. IX f. 6. Fresh water: Java (foss.)! N. Zealand! Australia (Carpentaria Bay, Murrey River)! St. Fulmen is very nearly akin to S. acuta and might be regarded as a variety. There is the same relation between S. Fulmen and S. acuta as between S. Legumen and 8. parvula. KONGL. SV. .VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. w:o 2. 151 Subdivision Schizostauron GRuN. In the year 1867 Grunow founded (Hedwigia VI p. 28) this genus for some marine diatoms from Honduras. The diagnosis is «Frustulia naviculacea, valvis ovatis vel lanceolatis, nodulo cen- trali transversim dilatato, lineari, utroque fine bifido (vel laciniato fimbriato)». The, last characteristic »nodulo laciniato fimbriato» refers to 8. fimbriatum, which has since been discovered to be the upper valve of Achnanthes danica. The other species named by Grunow S. Lindigianum, 8. ovatum and S. Reichardtcanum are entirely unknown to me. I have since found three species of fresh water habitat, which agree with Stauroneis, but have a cloven stauros. 28. §. Sagitta Cu. (1881). — V. lanceolate, with slightly triundulate margins and apiculate ends having short diaphragms. IL. 0,03 to 0,04; B 0,006 to 0,01 mm. Stauros bifid with parallel branches. Striz slightly radiate, 21 in 0,01 mm. — Cu. N. R. D. p. 15 Pl. III f. 45. Slightly brackish water: Tana Elf in Finmark! Gulf of Bothnia! This little form has a great resemblance to S. Smithii, but has coarser striz and a bifid stauros. 29. S. Crucicula Grun. (1881). — V. lanceolate, with rostrate, obtuse ends, having narrow diaphragms. L. 0,03; B. 0,009 mm. Stauros bifid with divergent branches. Striz radiate, 25 in 0,o1 mm. — Schizost. Crucic. Grun. in Cl. N. R. D. p. 16 Pl. III f. 44. Fresh water: Merrimac River! Rio Purus, Brazil! 30. S. andicola Cx. (1881). — V. convex, linear with rounded ends. L. 0,032 to 0,036; B. 0,007 to 0,008 mm. Terminal fissures in contrary directions. Stauros bifid, its branches divergent. Strie almost transverse, 22 in 0,01 mm. — S. andic. Cu. Diat. fr. Groen. and Argentina Pl. XVI f. 8. Fresh water: Sierra de Velasco, Argentina! Cameroon! 31. 8. Lindigiana Groy. (1867). — V. broadly elliptical or suborbicular. L. 0,029; B. 0,021 mm. Median line complex. Central nodule transversely dilated, at the ends bifurcate; its branches parallel to the margin. Strie 36 in 0,01 mm. parallel. — Schiz. Lindigianum Gruy. Hedwigia VI p. 28. S. Lindigii Grun. T. R. M. 8. 1877 p. 181 Pl. CXCV f. 17. Marine: Honduras (Grun.). 32. 8. ovata Grun. (1867). — Valve, size and median line as in S. Lindigiana. Stauros linear, with short, slightly divergent branches prolonged to the margins of the valve. Strie 26 in 0,01 mm, parallel. — Schiz. ovatum Grun. Hedwigia VI p. 28. Marine: Honduras (Grun.). 33. S. Reichardtiana Grun. (1867). — V. broadly lanceolate, with subrostrate ends. L. 0,026 to 0,036; B. 0,016 to 0,019 mm. Median line straight. Central nodule transversely dilated, bi- furcate, with arcuate, divergent branches. Strie 12 in 0,01 mm. punctate, subradiate. — Schiz. Reichardtianum Grun. in Hedw. Vol. VI p. 28 (name only). Schiz. Reichardii Grun. T. R. M. S. 1877 p. 181 Pl. CXCV f. 18. Marine: Adriatic (Grun.). Subdivisions Microstigma and Libellus. 34. N. Scopulorum Brés. (1849). — V. linear, slender, often gibbous in the middle and at the ends, with broad, rounded ends. L. 0,1 to 0,26; B. 0,009 to 0,o16 mm. Median line with approximate central pores and distant terminal nodules. Terminal fissures indistinct. Axial area indistinct; central very small. Striw 18 to 20 in 0,01 mm. radiate in the middle, convergent at the ends, distinctly punctate, puncta about 19 in 0,01 mm., forming undulating longitudinal rows. — Brés. in Kiitz. Sp. Alg. p. 81. Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 547 Pl. IIIf. 6. Donx. B. D. p. 73 Pl. XII 152 Pp. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. f. 5. Pinnularia Johnsonii W. Sm. B. D. XIX f. 179 (1853). Nav. Johns. V. H. Syn. p. 99 Suppl. B. f. 28. Brackish water: S. coasts England (W. Sm.), Mediterranean Sea! Adriatic! Sumatra! Labuan! Japan (Deby Coll.)! East Cape. North Siberia! Brazil (Deby Coll.)! Var. belgica V. H. (1885). — V. linear slightly gibbous in the middle. L. 0,06 to 0,07; B. 0,0075 mm. Strie 24 in 0,01 mm. — MN. John. v. belg. V. H. Syn. Suppl. B. f. 29. Marine: Belgium! Var. fasciculata Grun. (1879). — V. linear, not gibbous in the middle. I. 0,08 to 0,12 mm. Strie in the middle 16 to 18, at the ends 21 in 0,01 mm. — Grun. in Cl. M. D. Nio 178. Brackish water: Bengal! N. Scopulorum is a very characteristic form, which seems not to be very nearly allied to any other species but the following. It occurs frequently with numerous transverse siliceous bars, or in a craticular state, and has then been named Climaconeis Frauenfeldit Grun. Verh. 1862 p. 421 Pl. IV f. 2. Cl. Lorenziit Groun. 1. c. Pl. V f. 7. Cl. linearis Jan. Rab. Hond. p. 6 Pl. II f. 2 (1862). Stictodesmis australis Gruv. Ed. N. Phil. J. XVIII p. 34 Pl. I f. 1—4 (1863). Var. perlonga Brun (1891). — V. very narrow, linear. L. 0,33 to 0,4; B. 0,007 mm. Strize in the middle 18, in 0,01 mm., almost parallel, at the ends 20 in 0,01 mm. convergent, punctate, puncta about 27 in 0,01 mm. — Brun D. Esp. n. p. 39 Pl. XV f. 2. WN. famelica Caste. Osserv. Cicloph. p. 9 (1889) accord. to De Toni. Marine: Gulf of Naples (Brun Coll.)! 35. N. Weissflogii Grun. (1878). — V. rhomboid, with obtuse ends. L. 0,08 to 0,085; B. 0,026 to 0,034 mm. Median line with distant median and terminal pores. Terminal fissures in- distinct. Axial area indistinct.; central area small and elongated. Striz 15 (middle) to 20 (ends) in 0,01 mm., radiate at the ends, punctate, puncta 11 in 0,01 mm. forming longitudinal undulating rows. — Brebissonia? Weissflogit Grun. in Cl. West. Ind. D. p. 7 PLIf. 9. Marine: Campeachy Bay! Colon (Deby Coll.)! This species is scarcely a Brebissonia, but in my opinion nearer akin to N. rhombica, having as the last, the terminal nodules at some distance from the ends, and the strie more distant in the middle. 36. N. (Libellus) rhombica Gree. (1855). — V. rhombic-lanceolate, with subacute ends. L. 0,055 to 0,195; B. 0,013 to 0,024 mm. Median line with the terminal nodules at some distance from the ends. Terminal fissures indistinct. Axial area indistinct. Central area small, orbicular. Striz 14 (middle) to 17 (ends) in 0,01 mm. nearly parallel on the middle part of the valve, con- vergent in the ends, punctate, puncta 13 in 0,01 mm. forming un- dulating longitudinal rows. Frustules in zonal view quadrate, with com- plex connecting zone. — Grec. M. J. III p. 40 Pl. IV fi 16. T. M.S. IV p. 88 PL Vf. I. Marine: Coasts of Scotland (Greg.), Greenland! Sumatra! Japan (fossil, Tempére)! Var. japonica Brun 1891. — L. 0,13 to 0,2; B. 0,035 to 0,05 mm. Strie 13 (middle) to 14 (ends) in 0,01 mm. — Schizonema Japonicum Brun D. Esp. n. p. 43 Pl. XIV f. 6. Marine: Sendai, Japan, fossil! The living frustules of N. rhombica have two deeply indented plates along the connecting zone. N. rhombica wiht cell-contents 500 times magnified. 37. N. (Schizonema Libellus) Grevillei Ac. (1830). — V. lanceolate-elliptical, with obtuse ends. L. 0,03 to 0,07; B. 0,015 mm. Median pores distant, terminal pores at some distance from the end. Axial area indistinct, central area small. Striz 18 to 20 in 0,01 mm. (closer, 20 to 27 KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. w:o 2, 1538 in 0,01 mm. at the ends), the 4 to 5 median strie being stronger and more radiate than the others, which become transverse towards the ends. Connecting zone with numerous longitudinal divisions. Frustules enclosed in mucous tubes of various shape. — Schizonema Grev. Ac. Consp. p. 18. W. Sm. B. D. II p. 77 Pl. LVIII f. 364. Grun. A. D. p. 42. V. H. Syn. p. 110 Pl XVI f. 2. Schizonema sectio comoidea Grun. Bot. Centr. 1880. Schiz. comoides V. H. Syn. XVI f. 3. Schiz. apiculatum and var. V. H. Syn. 1. ce. f. 4—8. Navic. Delognei V. H. Syn. p. 110 Pl. XI f. 13. Marine: Spitsbergen! Finmark! North Sea! Coasts of England (Sm.), Arctic America! Green- land! Cape Deschneff (North Siberian Sea)! West Indies! Kergnelens Land! California! N. Grevillei is closely connected with N. rhombica, and it is questionable whether they should not be united. A great number of species of Schizonema have been founded on the shape of the gelatinous tubes, in which the frustules are enclosed in the living state. As the frustules of these forms are in all essential respects similar, there seems to be no sufficient reason for adopting these species. 38. N. Libellus Gree. (1857). — V. rhombic-lanceolate, convex, with acute ends. L. 0,065 to 0,15; B. 0,016 to 0,035 mm. Terminal nodules near the ends; terminal fissures indistinct. Axial and central areas indistinct. Striz 13 to 14 in 0,01 mm., on larger form, or about 18 in 0,01 mm. on smaller forms, very slightly radiate, almost parallel at the ends, distinctly punctate, puncta (13 to 16 in 0,01 mm.) forming undulating, longitudinal rows. Connecting zone with numerous, longitudinal divisions. —- Gree. D. of Cl. p. 528 Pl. XIV f. 101. WN. rhombica Donk. B. D. Pl. IX f. 1. Marine: Scotland (Greg.), Macassar Straits! Oamaru, fossil! Sendai, Japan, fossil! N. Libellus is very similar to N. rhombica, but has the terminal nodules closer to the ends and the striz almost parallel at the ends. The terminal fissures are difficult to observe as the ends of the valve are curved downwards. 39. N. (Libellus) complanata Grun. (1867). —- V. linear-lanceolate, acute. LL. 0,035; B. 0,oo5 mm. Strie 18 to 19 in 0,01 mm. Frustule rectangular. L. 0,054; B 0,033 mm. Connecting zone with numerous, longitudinal divisions. — Amphora complanata Grun. Hedwigia VI p. 25. A. 8. Atl XXVI f. 45. MNavic.? compl. Grun. A. D. p. 42 (1880). Marine: Davis Strait! Sea of Kara (Grun.), Finmark! Bohuslin! Adriatic (Grun.). Var. subinflata Grun. (1875). — Frustule rectangular. L. 0,04; B. 0,012 to 0,018 mm. Slightly inflated in the middle. — Amphora subinfl. Grun. A. 8. Atl XXVI f. 48, 49. Marine: Adriatic (Grun.). Var. hyperborea Grun. (1884). — Frustule rectangular. L. 0,05; B. 0,0165 mm. Strie 24 in 0,01 mm. — Amphora hyperborea Grun. Franz Josephs Land D. p. 55 (8) Pl. I f. 10. Marine: Franz Josephs Land (Grun.), Sweden, Fiskebackskil! Nav. complanata is nearly akin to N. Libellus, but is no Am- phora, though the frustules have some resemblance to that genus. The valves are rarely met with and difficult to observe. N. sub- inflata and hyperborea are scarcely specifically distinct. The living frustule has two chromatophore-plates, each ex- tending along the connecting zone from the ends towards the central nodule. < 40. N. (Libellus) Hyalosira Cu. (1822). — V. convex, thin, N. complanata with cell-contents lanceolate, rostrate or with rounded ends. L. 0,025 to 0,03; B. 0,0066 OO): Snake msealierl: mm. Strive 29 in 0,01 mm. punctate. Frustule slightly siliceous, quadrate. L. 0,025; B. 0,017 mm. Connecting zone broad, with numerous and distant longitudinal divisions. — Cr. M. D. N:o 309. Diatomiste I p. 77 Pl. XII f. 11. Marine: Firth of Tay! Cresswell (Deby Coll.)! K. Sv. Vet. Akad. Handl. Bd 26, Nio 2. 20 154 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. 41. N. (Libellus) aponina Kivz. (1836). — V. narrow, lanceolate, acute. LL. 0,025; B. 0,004 mm. Axial and central areas indistinct. Strize about 30 in 0,01 mm. Connecting zone longitu- dinally striate. — Brachysira aponina Kitz. Dec. N:o 153 (according to Lagst.). Nav. apon. Kt7z2. Bac. p. 91 Pl. IV f. 1. V. H. Syn. Pl. XID f. 15. Laasr. Ofvers. af K. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Forh. 1884 Pl. X f. 8. Lébellus apon. De Tont Atti del R. Inst. de Scienze (ser. VII) VII p. 967. Hot springs: Abano (Italy). The above description is from the figure in V. H. Syn. as I have had no opportunity of examining this species. 42. N. (Libellus) Bulnheimii Gru. (1880). — V. linear-lanceolate, with rostrate to capitate ends. L. 0,02; B. 0,003 mm. Areas indistinct. Strie parallel, 30 in 0,01 mm., the two median stronger. — Grun. in V. H. Syn. p. 108 Pl. XIV f. 6a. Salines: »Sulza> (Rabh. Alg. 1301)! Var. belgica Grun. — V. with somewhat obtuse ends. Connecting zone with fine, longitudinal strie (V. H. Types N:o 113). Marine: Ostend. 43. N. (Libellus) hamulifera Grun. (1880). — V. lanceolate, sometimes slightly asymme- trical, with subacute ends. L. 0,051 to 0,058; B. 0,012 to 0,o14 mm. Median line with somewhat approximate central pores. Its terminal fissures distinct, hook-shaped, turned in the same direction and at some distance from the ends of the valve. Areas indistinct. Strie in the middle 19 to 21 in 0,01 mm. slightly radiate, at the ends 25 in 0,01 mm., parallel, punctate; puncta, about 20 in 0,01 mm., forming undulating longitudinal rows. — Grun. A. D. p. 44. Icon. n. Pl. III f. 16, 17, 18. Marine: Mediterranean Sea (Grun.), Adriatic (Grun.), Sebastopol! Ceylon (Weissflog Coll.)! Java! Barbados! Var. interrupta Cu. — L. 0,1; B. 0,02 mm. V. as in N. Libellus. Strie interrupted on each side of the median line by a narrow longitudinal area. Striz 20 to 21 in 0,01 mm. Puncta 23 in 0,01 mm. — PI. IIT f. 19. Marine: Japan! N. hamulifera closely resembles N. Libellus and is characterized by its hook-shaped, terminal fissures. 44. N. (Libellus) plicata Donk. (1873). — V linear, convex, with obtuse ends. L. 0,06 to 0,09; B. 0,012 to 0,o16 mm. Terminal nodules close to the ends. Areas indistinct. Striz in the middle 17 to 19 in 0,01 mm., almost transverse, at the ends 20 to 21 in 0.01 mm.. also transverse, finely punctate, puncta about 18 in 0,01 mm. forming longitudinal, undulating rows. Frustule in the zonal-view with fine, longitudinal striz on the connecting zone. — Donk. B. D. p. 59 Pl. IX f. 2. Grun. A. D. p. 36. Marine: Kara Sea (Grun.), England! Scotland! Baltic (Grun.), Balearic Islands! Triest (Grun.), Labuan! Brazil! Var. sumatrana CL. — V. very convex with more acute ends. L. 0,13 to 0,17; B. 0,017 to to 0,o2 mm. Axial area indistinct; central small, orbicular. Striz 15 (middle) to 16 (ends) in 0,01 mm. transverse throughout, coarsely punctate, puncta about 17 in 0,01 mm., forming un- dulating longitudinal rows. — N. oveia Castr. D. Challenger Exp. p. 31 Pl. XX f. 8 (1886)? Marine: Island of Muntok, Sumatra (Grove Coll.)! Java! 45. N. Garkeana Grun. (1863). — V. linear, with obtuse ends. L. 0,04 to 0,095; B. 0,011 to 0,015 mm. Axial area indistinct; central very small, elongated. Strie 18 to 19 in 0,01 mm., almost parallel, distinctly punctate; puncta about 20 in 0,01 mm., forming longitudinal rows. Frustule in zonal-view arcuate, subrectangular, with broad connecting zone, on which are 2 to 4 rows of short striz (13 in 0,01 mm.). — Rhotconeis Gar. Grun. Verh. 1863 p. 148 Pl. IV f. 12. Marine: Behrings Strait! Kamortha! California! North Pacific Ocean (Grun.). KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. wn:o 2. 155 This species is remarkable for its arcuate valves, but in its essential characteristics seems to be nearest allied to N. plicata. 46. N. suavis Cu. and Grove N. Sp. — V. elliptic-lanceolate, flat. L. 0,115; B. 0,04 mm. Axial area very narrow. Central area small, rounded. Median line ending close at the margin. Strie 18 in 0,01 mm. equidistant throughout, finely punctate; puncta about 18 in 0,o1 mm., somewhat coarser around the central nodule, forming undulating longitudinal rows. — Pl. IEE £ Sl, 32. Marine: Oamaru, New Zealand, fossil (Grove Coll.)! 47. N. plicatula Gruyn. Ms. — V. elliptic-lanceolate, with subacute ends, convex, with a more or less distinct longitudinal depression on each side of the median line. L. 0,075 to 0,115; B. 0,02 to 0,025 mm. Median line with approximate central pores and small terminal nodules at the ends of the valve, flexuose. Areas indistinct. Strie 15 to 19 in 0,01 mm. at the middle, slightly divergent, and 18 to 20 in 0,01 mm. at the ends, parallel, and finely, but distinctly punctate. — Pl. III f. 28. Marine: Gulf of Naples! Balearic Islands! Madagascar! Seychelles! Japan (Brun Coll.)! This is a very characteristic species, remarkable for its undulating median line. 48. N. imelegans Grove and Sturr (1887). — V. lanceolate, gradually tapering from the middle to the somewhat obtuse ends, where are short transverse diaphragms. L. 0,18; B. 0,03 mm. Median line with elongated central nodule and small terminal nodules at the ends of the valve. Terminal fissures indistinct. Areas indistinct. Strie 13 in 0,01 mm. radiate at the ends, some- times crossed on each side of the central nodule by a short and narrow lateral area, punctate; puncta, about 15 in 0,01 mm., forming undulating longitudinal rows. — Grove and Srurr Q. M. Cl, J.T p. 132 Pl. Xt 6, Jeons nw. PL V 4-16, Marine: Oamaru, New Zealand, fossil! This species is a very characteristic form, remarkable for the diaphragms in the ends, as in Pleurostauron. It bears some resemblance to N. Kappa of the same habitat. 49. N. (Scoliopleura) tumida Bris. (1849). — V. lanceolate, gradually attenuated to the subacute ends. L. 0,1 to 0,16; B. 9,025 mm. Median line slightly sigmoid. Axial area very narrow; central area small, somewhat elongated. Striew 13 to 14 in 0,01 mm., in the middle where a few frequently are shorter than the others, more distant, slightly radiate (at the ends transverse) finely punctate. Frustule in the zonal-view rectangular with rounded angles. Connecting zone slightly oblique, not complex. — Bris. in Kitz. Sp. Alg. p. 77. WN. Jenneriti W. Su. B. D. I p. 49 Pl. XVI f. 134 (1853). Scolioplewra tumida V. H. Syn. p. 112 Pl. XVII f. 11. 18. Pant. III Pl. XVII f. 245. Marine and brackish: Franz Josephs Land (Grun.), North Sea! Sebastopol! Ceylon! Sydney! Var. adriatica Grun. (1860). — V. 0,027; B. 0,008 mm. Me- dian line strongly sigmoid. Strie 12 in 0,01 mm. -— Scoliopleura adriatica Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 554 Pl. V f. 24. Marine: Adriatic (Grun.). I have seen a few living specimens of N. tumida. They had along the zone two chromatophore-plates, with entire margins. Each plate contained a row of 6 large, orbicular pyrenoids. At the ends of the frustules a number of small granules in lively motion was Ae Rieti nih aan visible. -- times magnified. ” 156 Pp. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. 50. N. auklandica Gruy. (1863). —- V. linear, with broad rounded ends, convex. L. 0,05 to 0,06; B. 0,018 mm. Median line straight, somewhat excentric; its terminal fissures turned in contrary directions and of somewhat unequal length. Axial area indistinct; central very small. Striz 10 (middle) to 14 (ends) in 0,01 mm., slightly radiate throughout, punctate, puncta about 18 in 0,01 mm. Frustule rectangular with rounded corners, somewhat constricted in the middle. Connecting zone with several longitudinal rows of short strie (Grun.). — Grun. Verh. 1863 p. 151 Pl]. V f. 14. Novara p. 17. Icon. n. Pl. V f. 15. Marine: Auckland (Grun.), Port Jackson! Australia! A very characteristic species, which seems to be related to N. tumida. 51. N. Jimboi Pant. (1893). — V. lanceolate, rostrate, obtuse. L. 0,042; B. 0,019 mm. Axial area indistinct. Central area small, transverse, with a stigma, close to the central nodule, Striz 13 in 0,01 mm. radiate, but parallel at the ends, punctate; puncta about 16 in 0,01 mm. — Pant. III Pl. V f. 81. Habitat?: »Sentenai» (Pant.). This form resembles NV. mutica, which also has a stigma on the central area, but the central area of N. Jimboi is very small. It is doubtful whether it should be placed in this group. Cymbella Ac. (1830). Valve elongated, boat-shaped or more or less asymmetrical to the longitudinal axis. Median line excentric. The terminal nodules near the ends of the valve, and the terminal fissures turned to the dorsal, or ventral, side, or straight. Structure transverse, usually radiate, rows of puncta, or finely lineate striz on both sides of the median line. Connecting zone not complex. Cell- contents a single chromatophore, the longitudinal axis of which follows the dorsal part of the con- necting zone. The chromatophore covers the inside of the frustule, with the exception of the ventral part of the connecting zone and the branches of the median line. The division of the chromatophore begins in the ends of the plate on the dorsal side. In conjugating, the mother- cells, usually produced by division of a parent cell, and enclosed in a gelatinous mass produce two auxospores, parallel to the mother-cells. Before conjugation the cell-contents of one of the mother- cells is divided into two masses, each of which unites with a similar mass of the other mother-cell. As early as 1817 Nrrszcu described some Cymbelle under name the of Bacillaria fulva and B. phoenicenteron, and in 1829 Eurensere founded the genus Cocconema for the stipitate forms. AgarpH in 1830 founded the genus Cymbella (Consp. crit. 1) for diatoms with »frustula elliptica, libera vel muco amorpha involuta, binatim conjuncta». Some of the species included by AcaRDH in this genus belong doubtless to what we now name Cymbella. Later on, in 1830, Ktrzine created the genus Encyonema for the cymbelloid forms included in gelatinous tubes. Most authors since then have adopted these three genera and have regarded as Cymbella, forms which live free; as Cocconema, forms attached to gelatinous stalks; and as Encyonema, forms included in tubes. The valves of all these forms are in all essential points similar, and frustules of stipitate or enclosed forms frequently occur free; for which reasons HzIsEre (Consp. Crit. Diat. p. 107) 1863 united them in one genus, for which he considered the name Cymbella more adequately fitting, although a little more recent than Cocconema. There can be no doubt as to the advisability of uniting Cym- bella and Cocconema, but some hesitation may be felt in uniting Encyonema which has somewhat differently shaped terminal fissures. On the other hand transitions exist between the downward turned terminal fissures of Encyonema and the reflexed fissures of Cymbella, as for instance in C. helvetica; and I think it most convenient to follow the proposition of HeErsere. The most characteristic feature of Cymbella is the asymmetrical form of the valves, but this characteristic is subject to much variation. There are all transitions from boat-like to almost KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND. 26. wo 2. 157 symmetrical naviculoid forms. On the other hand several species in other groups of naviculoid dia- toms are more or less decidedly asymmetrical. For instance, all the larger forms of Pinnularia shew a tendency to asymmetry. The same is the case with numerous varieties of Trachyneis aspera. All the Amphore are asymmetrical, and usually in a more decided manner than the Cymbelle. From some groups of the old genus Amphora the Cymbelle differ only by their connecting zone not being complex. From other groups of the same genus the distinction is attended with more difficulty, especially in the new group Cymbamphora, the valves of which are still more asymme- trical, having the median line close to the ventral margin. But the Cymbamphore are marine or brackish, while the Cymbelle usually are of fresh-water habitat. The structure of the Cymbelle consists of puncta disposed in rows or of transverse striz, which are more or less transversely lineate. The striew in the middle of the valve are radiate and somewhat more distant than in other parts of the valve. In the ends they are parallel or radiate. They either reach the median line, or end at some distance from it, leaving a narrow axial area, frequently dilated around the central nodule. In some species there is a shallow depression on the ventral side of the central nodule, the median ventral strie appearing to be crossed, below the central nodule, by a semicircular furrow. In one division of Cymbella there is in the middle of the central nodule or on its ventral side a peculiar punctum or pore, for which I use the name stigma. If the stigma is below the nodule, a fine, fissure-like line proceeds from it into the nodule. The median line is in some species oblique and therefore broad, shewing a complex structure, as in some Pinnularias. The terminal nodules are usually close to the end of the valve, and the fissures, especially in the boat-like forms, reflexed to the dorsal side. In the naviculoid forms it is comma-like, and in C. helvetica straight, in the direction of the median line, thus forming a passage to Encyonema, which has the terminal fissures bent downwards. The Cymbelle are certainly nearly akin to the Navicule of the section Lineolate. Navicula dicephala is closely connected with C. amphicephala, and C. naviculiformis, and with these a number of forms are more or less related: Navicula dicephala Cymbella amphicephala Cymbella naviculiformis C. Ehrenbergii C. tumida C. heeeocienea C. asnete C. Cistula c ‘iamoiien C. lanceolata C. Janischii. Cymb. microcephala shews some signs of affinity to Navicula Bulnheimii, and we may thus trace passages to a number of forms Navicula Bulnheimii ? | Cymbella microcephala C. Cesatii C. angustata C. stauroneiformis C. austriaca. Cymbella alpina is an isolated form, without, so far I can see, any close relation to the Lineolate, although the structure of the strie is the same as in the typical form of that group of Navicula. Cymb. sinuata is also an isolated form, which seems to have its nearest relatives in Gomphonema. 158 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. The species of Cymbella are frequently very variable and transitorial. Many names have been proposed for forms, which differ only in trifling characteristics. The descriptions and figures in the literature leave very much to desire; and in many cases, where original specimens are not accessible, it is impossible to decide what the names given by the authors actually denote. Under such circumstances it is extremely difficult to treat the numerous forms of this genus. Most Cymbelle live in fresh water, a few only in slightly brackish water, and none is marine. They occur in all parts of the world, from Spitsbergen and arctic America to the Tropics. Many species live, attached to gelatinous stalks, in enormous masses, in rivulets, on moist rocks, and water-plants. In the following artificial key some imperfectly known forms, marked * in the text are not included. The key must not be regarded as absolutely exact, its definitions being somewhat elastic, as indeed the forms themselves are. Artificial key. Valve cymbiform fs ge te rot GUERRA me Fels ae naviculoid : . iho, ee £45 A eee Bye Beh Fe BS Central nodule with a stone. aR Ae a ray eee Tash Gee anaes ae» “Be — without stigma ... . 6... ll ob) ae aad the Sie 7. eae below the nodule... ....... ‘ Ka ae obs B ‘ 4. _— ; we Jaa oe Sige: ape lip lek ce 5. Strie sey punctate OH eo Bama OR. ke C. australica A. 8. — finely _— Gee, ve Be Gicte> des ie Gabesnacss . C. tumida Bris. Ends broad, rounded. ... 1. ..... 2. ew» 1 C Janischii A. §. subtruncate, obtuse . 3 : : ie), ie oto, SO Central areasmall... . ..... ; c.g ae ae ape Se C. mexicana Eup. — large . Ke Bp Re ew ‘ : C. punctifera CL. Median ventral strie ending with isolated puncta © © ale 8. — not — — ca et en ee eee 12. Punctum- one: 2. ei eS Aa a ee ele A Ge aOR Y C. cymbiformis Kitz. Puncta two or more . .... tk i Poe AS Se 9. Puncta two... .. eee ee ww G. turgidula Grun. (C. Cistula var.) Several ie: Gao B a ae Se eee a ae Bee Seer eenias car ae abso aca 10. Median line dilated towards the ends... ...... oe 4) a C. Sturit Grun. — not _ _ fe) Seah Se ds GR. og ee ge las aps eek eB) gs 11. ne shes ae | Ne ce ce | i i [se BURR EG.) 9 a ae an gileh gs A de ee cee. O. Cistula Hempr. Pe oe A pe = 2 ae ie oie i oe fines 6 4 See See Oe ee oe ee ad C. Stuxbergii Cu. Median line straight, approximate to the ener MATA cy aes Oar ee 13. — arcuate, distant from — — i oe stmt ene Senn tt eas 22. Terminal nodules distant from the ends .. ..... «2. eeveus bees MAY near the ends a F Coke Sy ae py + 16. Strie COATSCS ok ow a Ege ES ORE Ge ei ea ar .: praieasia BERK. fine... .. ak 5.3 : . . .C. helvetica monstrosity. Strie coarsely ouinptete. es Rhea fd ky Bests & Ib me Se as 16. finely —_ So RG Re om ee Ah Sg ee Boddy. < iy ese ee 17. Axial area very narrow...) ee ee C. Triangulum Exp. — distinct 120 6 6. ee ... C. turgida Grue. Median line close to the margin ia : rar: rare ‘ 2 4 18. — at some distance from the margin. . ...... «....i.a. 19. Bids capitate» 4 0 @ foe A ae ee we ee ae ag . . @. Jordani Grun. obtuse, reflexed .... ©. .... iso AR eat ste dos C. inelegans Cu. — imeurved..........4. nS St Seer er C. ventricosa Kirz. Valve lunate; broad... 1. 7 we gel, int sass sade abs .. . C. hebridica Grun. os MATPOW apg ac ee aP a Ce Sg ae oe eH be daca singed Wey Wed 20. Acute. ...... Wety | Rireoardds Cavasigatesn ef Bo fin da Gates a OTE Obtuse) BES¢.29 wie -feregomcdleal dyn eee ee is C. norvegica GRun. KONGL. SV. VET. Axial area indistinct os { — — distinct, linear Valve subclavate 22, { — mnotclavate .. 66% 2 epee Axial area broad S. Rk ee 8 Ghee Bly 23. — — narrow or indistinct Loe weereay Ge ah, cat, —«Cdieteb' ce 94 aoa and dorsal margins parallel... ....... +... ees ° = - —- — Not —- ee eeeaee ees OUGHSEOR TRUNCATE: ose Se ad arc ie Gro ek See Bae Gee WE ed de 25, ACTIGE cs kk Bet che an Ro a tie ee Rk ph ete eo de BS 26. ee delicate. .2 He * S24 Ses — coarse. Terminal fissures senate 27. — —_ reflexed Strie coarsely punctate 28. — finely punctate... . eae 99 a about O04 mm. ........-.4. * \L. about 012 mm 2... 1... 30 Median line almost straight ......... @& « . : _— — arenate......... 31 yee strie radiate... . i _ — nt— . ......., 39 Strongly asymmetrical . | Slightly — ges capitate . . — yrostrate. . 2... «se eanee 33. | — apiculate — not protracted... . . «eee Strie very fine ...... a { — distintt? <% eke . 2846 & ¥#eewas Axial and central areas indistinct. ....... «. 35. sae \ -— = _ — distinct ......., 36 { Valve almost symmetrical ...... : — decidedly asymmetrical ... ..... 37 | Median ventral strie ending with isolated puncta 4% : — — — not — — — poe Central area small or indistinct 38. ; — — orbicular ....... L. 0,02 to 0,05 mm... . . 39. L. 007 mm. or more... ..... 40, L. about 0,025 mm. .... . " | L. about 0,05 mm. ie a o pees oes ee See Median strie about 9 in 0,01 mm. ...,... Bi aseel a 41. ire ea, ee deta a aes 42. at StOUt 2 & a a ee ws Pe ee eS ae ete Ee ee roe Bs! TNATTOW! ni ey Gia ew ee Page ee ee Strie 11 in 0,01 mm. . ott tens ick 43. { sah nag 44 Ends: liread., 29% 4 #2 © ee wah o's : — not very broad... 2. ee ee ee ee Single. ae ee ie eae RR me eee ke A Mn 45. ‘tangs FO eee eee 06S OR BBL ae ee 46 Valve with nndulated margins . i — = non — — 47. Po ObtH86..s cee ake ale OR ee — acute.. 48. Valve linear 2 7 6 wee ee — lanceolate. .... 1 C. conifera Br. and Hérie. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. io 2. . C. gracilis Ens. C. yarrensis A. 8. . C. Beccarti Grun. 23. C. aspera Exp. ses ant esa ese 24. .C. Botellus Laest. 27. C. helvetica Kitz. 28. C. Cistula var. C. lanceolata Exp. C. parva W. SM. C. affinis Kurz. C. pusilla Grow. C. levis Na&GELI. C. rupicola Gron. 35. 36. .C. naviculiformis AUERSW .C. angustata W. Sm. C. amphicephala NzcEL1. C. tumidula Grun. 38. : 41. : ... . C. lata Gron. . C. spuria Cr. 43. . C. Stodderi Cu. C. amphioxys Gru. C. Cucumis A. 8. C. Ehrenbergii Kitz. C. hybrida Grun. . . « @. heteropleura Exp. C. Schmidtii Grun. C. cuspidata Kirz. Be ah RS ey ae a a. _ 159 160 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS, Median strie more distant than the others . 2... 1... eee eee ee ee 50. 49. — not — _— — See ee ee we) 6 CL incerta Gaon. 50. Central area dilated to the ventral margin... ........04. C. sinuata Gree. — nt — —_— =. Riri Mae Ghee oe tee C. equalis W. Sm. BL. | Yat almost. symmetrical «6266 42% Aw eee BRE we Re ee ee ow 52. decidely asymmetrical ©. 2 2 6 1 ee 53. 59. eal BVea, Jared. era ae dk RC Geir. eA . C. Mélleriana Groun. : Se: SMALL i ay Seth tees Qe sat Gea te tee ee ee CL lacustris Ae. 53. sa area narrow. ..... 2... eon! GP tap BAA aaaee cde ede Se es ap BES ae Sener 54. — moderately broad «ss 2 ea ee awe SRD eee ewe 56. BA. et about 0,03 to 0,04 mm ..... OG GOR neo HS GR aE ae eee 5A. — 0,06 to0o7 mm... . .. ee oRepednce eae Hh . . C. borealis Cu. BD. Stris ONC OO AMM ae eek Ble eG Be A a re ae ee AR C. alpina Grun. i — about 10 in 0,01 mm... . < 4: Bec es C. equalis W. Su Axial area dilated to a small eontval a BRC ese a SiG aes Bee Gea aE eae 57. 56. — not — — _— Ea. bei oes Sok cle, Ulin hinge. Gaus Ae fae, hoe ak ae 58. BT. jst Strie coarsely punctate... 2... C. Hauckii V. H. finely Sp. og Bie ag Sea ee ee eS .... C. Reinhardtii Gaon. z sala about 003 mm. . .. Ee ee a a ee ee C. leptoceros Grun. 58. — 0,06 mm. Sastre » Aiciah ne 48 vapdattyeod de aac .. » C. austriaca Gron. 59. Median ventral strie ending in iaolateil punctta ..... C. tumidula var. salinarum. — not..... A ee UR 0 ee aie ae ee ee 60. 60. ae Terminal nudales distant from the ends... .. .. » 1. eee CL Cesatit Rasa. approximate to — ...... seis cat jee ecard . 61. 61. Median fae @ straight, strongly excentric ‘ nar be a . 62. — subarcuate, nearly central .. ©. 2. Oe ee ee 63. 62. | Yate broad. B. 0,02 mm....... RO .» C. Triangulum Ens. narrow. B. less than 0,01 mm. . . .. «1. .C. hebridica Gree. 63. Central area not dilated in the middle Wee 00tC*«*« A. C. acutiuscula Cu. — abruptly dilated into a central area . . Wn fe de hy see een 9 64. 64. acs L. 0,05 to 0,1 mm... ... j a ee ee ee 65. Small. L. 0,03 to 0,04 mm. fo ee “eR 00—i(itsCC AE Se ee 66. Strie about - in Qo1 mm ......... ea He SL cg C. acuta A. 8S. 65. : yi as eve gued, dee bie ee de ae C. oregonica Cu. 66. | Centra area ae de. Min Bho te ath. . ya ebhs pe tba: pate agg tne C. lapponica Grun. — dilated outwards ...........0.4. . . C. stauroneiformis Lagst. 1. C. microcephala Grun. (1880). — V. almost symmetrical, linear, with rostrate-capitate ends. L. 0,015 to 0,023; B. 0,003 to 0,004 mm. Median line almost central, straight; its central pores approximate. Axial and central areas indistinct. Striee 24 to 30 in 0,01 mm. almost pa- rallel. — Gruy. in V. H. Syn. p. 63 Pl. VIII f. 36 to 39. C. minuscula A. 8S. Atl. IX f.58 to 61? Fresh water: Greenland! Scotland! Sweden (Vernamo, fossil)! Belgium (V. H.), Ecuador, Banos! 2. C. (Encyonema) Cesatii Rasy. (1853). — V. nearly symmetrical, narrow lanceolate, gradually tapering from the middle to the acute ends. L. 0,045 to 0,05; B. 0,006 to 0,007 mm. Median line almost central, with approximate central pores and slightly curved terminal fissures at some distance from the ends. Axial area narrow; central area small. Strie radiate throughout, about 19 in 0,01 mm., very finely punctate. — Nav. appendiculata Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 552 Pl IV f. 29. Nav. Cesatii Rasy. Siissw. D. p. 89 Pl. VI f. 89. V. H. Syn. p. 88 Pl. VIII f. 35. Cym- bella Cesatiti Grun. A. 8. Atl. LXXI f. 48, 49. Fresh water: Greenland! Iceland! Swedish and Russian Lappland! Scotland! Sweden (We- nern)! Belgium (V. H.), Piedmont (Rabh.), Canada! This form, easily recognized by the distance of its terminal nodules from the ends of the valve, is so slightly asymmetrical, that one might regard it as a Navieula. It seems to be an in- habitant principally of northern or alpine regions. In Verh. 1860 (p. 571 Pl. VII f. 16) Grunow mentions a Colletonema dubium as occurring together with C. Cesatii (his Nav. appendiculata) and KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. w:o 2. 161 with frustules of the same appearance. It seems then probable that the frustules of C. Cesatii occur enclosed in gelatinous tubes. 3. C. angustata W. Sm. (1853). — V. almost symmetrical, with, usually, slightly triundu- late margins and capitate ends. L. 0,03 to 0,05; B. 0,008 mm. Median line almost central, straight, its central pores approximate and its terminal fissures in the ends of the valve. Axial area very narrow or indistinct, not dilated in the middle. Strie about 16 in 0,01 mm., slightly radiate throughout. — N. angustata W. Sm. B. D. I Pl. XVII f. 156. C. equalis A. S. Atl. IX f. 69. C. equ. var. hybrida Grun. A. 8. Atl. LXXI f. 50. Navic. inequilatera Laas. Spitsb. D. p. 33 Fl. 4f £. 10, Fresh water (alpine and arctic regions): Greenland! Spitsbergen! Scotland, England (W. Sm.), Norway (Dovre)! Sweden (Gellivara, Degernis, Loka, Férarm in Asnen, fossil)! Finland (Imandra to Karelen and Aland)! 4. C. Sehmidtii Grun. (1875). — V. almost symmetrical, broadly linear, with triundulate margins and cuneate ends. I. 0,026; B. 0,009 mm. Median line almost central, slightly flexuose. Axial and central areas indistinct. Strie about 14 in 0,01 mm., slightly radiate. — Grun. in A. 8. Atl. TX f. 48. Brackish water: Neusiedler See, Hungary (Atl.). 5. C. obtusiuscula (Kitz. 1844?) Grun. 1875. — V. slightly asymmetrical, broad, almost elliptical, with subrostrate ends. L. 0,027; B. 0,012 mm. Median line almost central, straight. Axial area very narrow; central area small and orbicular. Strie 12 in 0,01 mm., slightly radiate. — Kitz. Bac. p. 79 Pl. ITT f. 68. A. S. Atl. IX f. 49. Fresh water: Steinitz See (Atl.). 6. C. alpina Grun. (1863). — V. slightly asymmetrical, lanceolate, with convex dorsal and ventral margins and slightly obtuse ends. L. 0,023 to 0,04; B. 0,008 to 0,01 mm. Median line straight, slightly excentric. Axial area very narrow, not dilated in the middle. Strie 5 in 0,01 mm., very slightly radiate, finely transversely lineate. — Grun. Verh. 1863 p. 148 Pl. IV f. 19. A. S. Atl. LXXI f. 44, 45. Brun. Diat. des Alpes p. 62 Pl. III f. 7. Fresh water (alpine regions): Tyrol (Grun.), Switzerland (Brun), Savoy! This little species is very characteristic, not nearly akin to any other Cymbella, and di- stinguished by its unusually coarse and lineate striz. It is an habitant of alpine regions only. The fine lineation of the striw appears to indicate a relationship to the group Navicule lineolate, but there is no closely allied from in that group. 7. C. borealis Cu. (1891). — V. slightly asymmetrical, linear-lanceolate, gradually tapering from the middle to the obtuse or slightly capitate ends. L. 0,06 to 0,07; B. 0,007 to 0,09 mm. Median line almost central, straight. Axial area very narrow, slightly or indistinctly dilated in the middle. Strize 10 (middle) to 13 or 14 (ends) in 0,01 mm., very slightly radiate throughout, very finely lineate. — Cu. D. of Finl. p. 46 Pl. IT f. 19. Fresh water: Russian Lapland! 8. C. delicatula Kirz. (1849). — V. narrow, lanceolate, slightly asymmetrical, obtuse. L. 0,022 to 0,03; B. 0,005 to 0,oo6 mm. Striz 18 or 20 (dorsal) to 21 (ventral) in 0,01 mm., delicate. — Korz. Sp. Alg. p. 59. A. S. Atl LXXI f. 54, 55. V. H. Syn. p. 62 Pl. IIT f. 6. Fresh water (moist rocks ete.): Norway (Dovre, Brevig)! Sweden (Lapland to Skane)! France! Savoy! Genéve! This species is recognized by its narrow, almost linear, lanceolate valves and by its close and delicate strie. It is nearly connected with C. levis, which has broader valves and somewhat coarser strie. Intermediate forms exist between both. K. Sv. Vet. Akad Hand!. Band 26. Ni:o 2. 21 162 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. As Cymbella elegans Cramer has issued in Rabh. Alg. Eur. N:o 1441 (1863) a sample con- taining several Cymbelle, as C. Cistula, C. helvetica, C. delicatula, C. levis, C. affinis, C. lepto- ceras, C. amphicephala and C. aspera. As no description or figure of C. elegans is given, it is impossible to determine what form the name denotes. 9. C. levis Nazeztr (1849). — V. strongly asymmetrical, semilanceolate, gradually tapering from the middle to the ends. Dorsal margin arcuate; ventral margin straight or slightly convex in the middle. L. 0,025 to 0,035; B. 0,007 to 0,008 mm. Median line somewhat excentric and slightly arcuate. Axial area indistinct. Strie of the dorsal side 13 (middle) to 15 (ends) in 0,01 mm., slightly radiate. Strie of the ventral side 16 (middle) to 17 (ends) in 0,01 mm. almost pa- rallel and finely punctate. — Naga. in Kiitz. Sp. Alg. p. 59. V. H. Syn. p. 62 Pl. III f. 7. A. S. Atl. IX f. 35. Fresh’ water: Norway (Dovre)! Sweden (Gellivaara to Ortofta in Skane)! Finland (Lapland to Karelen)! Scotland! Ziirich (Grun.), Tours du Rhéne! 10. ©, pusilla Grown. (1875). — V. asymmetrical, narrow, semilanceolate, with subacute ends and arcuate dorsal, straight or slightly convex ventral, margin. L. 0,23 to 0,04; B. 0,005 to 0,0075 mm. Median line straight, strongly excentric. Axial area very narrow, not, or slightly, dilated around the central nodule. Strie 15 to 18 (middle) or 16 to 20°(ends) in 0,01 mm., radiate in the middle, transverse at the ends. — Grun. in A. 8. Atl. IX f. 36, 87. V. H. Syn. Pl. III f. 5. Brackish water: Sweden (Baltic: Gothland, Malmé)! Halle! Neusiedler See (Grun.), Caspian Sea (Grun.), Normandy! Belgium (V. H.), Bayonne (Atl.), Sardinia (Grun.), Mouth of Jenissey! South Africa! Ecuador! 11. C. yarrensis A. 8S. (1881). — V. narrow, semilanceolate, acute. L. 0,075 to 0,11; B. 0,o12 to 0,015 mm. Median line nearly central; its terminal fissures in the ends. Axial area narrow, linear, dilated in the middle to an elongated central area. Strie 11 in 0,01 mm., somewhat more distant in the middle, where they are radiate, parallel in the ends. — Encyon? yarrense A. 8S. Atl. LXXI f. 16. . Slightly brackish water: Yarra-Yarra (Australia)! Tasmania! 12. C. rupicola Grun. (1881). — V. slightly asymmetrical, lanceolate, gradually tapering from the middle to the subacute ends. L. 0,027 to 0,034; B. 0,0045 to 0,o055 mm. Median line almost central, straight. Axial area narrow, not dilated in the middle. Dorsal strize 12 (middle) to 15 (ends) in 0,01 mm. slightly radiate. Ventral striz 16 in 0,01 mm. slightly radiate — Groun. in A. S. Atl. LXXI f. 70, 71. Fresh water (moist rocks): Arctic America! Scotland (V. H. Types), Salzburg (Atl.). This species is very nearly akin to C. levis and differs scarcely in anything except the less asymmetrical valves. 13. €. Reinhardtii Grun. (1875). — V. slightly asymmetrical, elliptic-lanceolate, with convex dorsal and ventral margins. Ends obtuse. I. 0,03 to 0,06; B. 0,008 to 0,014 mm. Median line nearly central, straight. Axial area narrow, gradually dilated to the middle, where it ex- pands to a moderately large central area. Striz 10 (middle) to 13 or 14 (ends) in 0,01 mm. The median striz are more distant than the rest and slightly radiate. Towards the ends the stria become almost parallel. — A. S. Atl. IX f. 27. Cru. M. D. Nio 182. Fresh water: Norway (Romsdalen)! Steinitz Sea (Atl.). The above description is from specimens in Cl. M. D. 132, determined by Grunow as C. Reinhardt. 14. C. leptoceros (Exus. 1843?) Gruy. — V. asymmetrical, lanceolate, with slightly gibbous ventral margin and obtuse, sometimes slightly attenuated ends. L. 0,02 to 0,04; B. 0,008 to 0,01 mm. Median line slightly arcuate. Axial area linear, not dilated around the central nodule. KONGL’ SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. wni:o 2, 1638 Strie 9 or 11 (middle) to 12 (ends) in 0,01 mm. slightly radiate, especially near the ends, punctate; puncta about 22 in 0,01 mm. — Coce. lept. Eup. Am. Pl. I: 2 f. 30. Cy. leptoc. V. H. Syn. p. 62 Pl. Il f 18, III f. 24 (f. curta) Suppl. A. f. 2 (£. elongata). Cy. hungarica Pay. II p. 40 Pl. I f. 14 (1889)? Fresh water: Rostock (foss.), Belgium! Hungary foss. (Pant.)? Mexico, foss.! Var. minor Grun. (1882). — L. 0,026; B. 0,007 mm. — Grun. Foss. D. Osterr. Ung. p. 142 Pl. XXIX f. 32. Fresh water: Hungary, fossil (Grun.). Var. angusta Grun. (1882). — L. 0,024 to 0,04; B. 0,005 to 0,01 mm. Strie 12 to 15 in 0.01 mm. -- Grun. Foss. D. Osterr. Ung. p. 142 Pl. XXIX f. 33, 34. Fresh water: Greenland! Hungary, fossil (Grun.), Geneva! Savoy! Var. excisa Pet. (1877). — Ventral margin indented in the middle. —- C. turgida var. excisa Prt. Bull. Soc. Bot. de France 1877 Pl. If. 2. A. S. Atl. LXXI f. 35. Grun. Foss. D. Osterr. Ung. p. 142. Fresh water: Marly, near Paris (according to Grunow). The most marked characteristic of CU. leptoceros is the distinct axial area, which seems to become much reduced in some of the varieties, named by GRunow, especially in the var. excisa which I have placed here on the authority of Grunow. Specimens of that var. from Marly (Cl. M. D. N:o 195) agree in my opinion with C. tumidula Grun. The following forms, found in a fossil state in Hungary and described by Pantocsek seem to be nearly akin to C. leptoceros. C. kavnensis Pant. (II p. 40 Pl. XI f. 186). — L. 0,025; B. 0.0075 mm. Strie 15 in 0,01 mm. C. Neupauert Panv. (II p. 40 Pl. XI-f. 187). — L. 0,027; B. 0,0095 mm. Strie 15 in 0,01 mm. Specimens from Gyéngids-Pata, which I have examined, are scarcely distinguishable from C. leptoceros in Van Heurck’s Types. 15. C. austriaca Grun. (1875). — V. asymmetrical; with arcuate dorsal margin and slightly convex ventral margin. Ends obtuse and rounded. L. 0,045 to 0,068; B. 0,012 to 0,017 mm, Median line somewhat excentric, nearly straight, broad (oblique). Axial area distinct, linear, not widened in the middle. Strie 11 or 13 (dorsal) to 13 or 14 (ventral) in 0,01 mm., radiate through- out, punctate; puncta about 21 in 0,01 mm. — Grun. in A. S. Atl. IX f. 10, LXXI f. 67 to 69. Fresh water: Tyrol (Atl.), Switzerland (St. Gingolf, Engadine)! Var. prisca Grun. (1882). — L. 0,05 to 0,078; B. 0,013 to 0,019 mm. Median line slightly arcuate. Area slightly dilated on the dorsal side of the central nodule. Strie 9 (middle) to 11 (ends) in 0,01 mm., punctate. Puncta 23 in 0,01 mm. — Grun. Foss. D. Osterr. Ung. p. 143 Pl. XXIX f. 29. Fresh water: Hungary, fossil (Grun.). Var. excisa Grun. (1882). — Smaller. Ventral margin indented. — Grun. Foss. D. Osterr. Ung. Pl. XXTX f. 27. Pawr. IIT Pl. I f. 11. Fresh water: Hungary, fossil (Grun.). a C. austriaca, which seems to inhabit the alps only, is characterized by its median line, being oblique and therefore broad in the middle between the central and terminal nodules, by its dis- tinctly punctate strie and non-rostrate ends. It is evidently akin to C. leptoceros. Cymb. Erdében- yana Pant. (II p. 40 Pl. XI f. 198; 1889) agrees completely with C. austriaca, as I have convinced myself by examining specimens from Erdébenye. 16. €. Stodderi Ci. (1881). — V. slightly asymmetrical, narrow, lanceolate, with subrostrate ends. L. 0,075 to 0,09; B. 0,015 mm. Median line almost central, straight; its terminal fissures approximate to the ends. Axial area moderately broad, linear-lanceolate, not abruptly dilated around the central nodule. Strie strongly radiate in the middle, 10 or 11 (middle) to 12 (ends) in 0,01 mm., not distinctly punctate. — Cu. N. R. D. p. 5 Pl If. 5. Cu. M. D. N:o 212, 274. Fresh water: Monmouth (Maine), Bemis Lake (White Mountains)! Caldas (Brazil)! 164 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID. DIATOMS. This species is probably akin to Nav. Monmouthiana Grun., and its place here is somewhat doubtful. 17. C. amphioxys Kirz. (1844) Grun. — V. almost symmetrical, narrow linear-lanceolate, with subrostrate ends. L. 0,07; B. 0,007 mm. Median line almost central, straight. Axial area narrow; central area indistinct. Striz 17 in 0,01 mm. slightly radiate in the middle and slightly convergent in the ends, not distinctly punctate. — Navic. amphiorys Kitz. Bac. p. 91 Pl. XXVIII f. 372 Cymb. navic. var. amphioyx Grun. in Cl. M. D. N:o 273 (1879). Fresh water: Degernis, Westerbotten, Sweden, fossil! This form, frequent in Cl. M. D. N:o 273, seems not to be akin to C. naviculacea, but rather to the group of Navicula radiosa, having, like those, the terminal strie convergent. 18. C. acuta A. 8. (1881). — V. almost symmetrical, lanceolate, with acute ends. LL. 0,05 to 0,085; B. 0,016 to 0,o2 mm. Median line almost central, straight. Axial area narrow, linear, in the middle dilated to a rhomboid-orbicular central area. Strie 9 to 11 in 0,01 mm., very finely punctate. — C. americana var. acuta A. S. Atl. LXXI f. 75 to 78. Fresh water: Sweden (Lake Rosslingen in Calmar Lin)! Mouth of Jenissey! Demerara River! 19. C. acutiuseula CL. N. Sp. — V. slightly asymmetrical, lanceolate, gradually tapering from the middle to the acute ends. L. 0,07 to 0,095; B. 0,02 to 0,022 mm. Axial area narrow, lanceolate, not (or on the ventral side slightly) dilated around the central nodule. Striz 9 to 10 (middle) or 11 (ends) in 0,01 mm., slightly radiate in the middle, parallel at the ends, coarsely punctate; puncta 17 to 20 in 0,01 mm. — Pl. IV f. 26. Fresh water: Crane Pond! Waltham, Mass.! This species is nearly akin to C. acuta, but has broader area and more coarsely punctate striz. 20. ©. Hauckii V. H. (1888). — V. asymmetrical-lanceolate, with arcuate dorsal margin, slightly convex ventral margin and obtuse, not rostrate ends. L. 0,07 to 0,08; B. 0,018 to 0,02 mm. Median line slightly asymmetrical, almost straight. Axial area narrow, lanceolate, scarcely dilated on the dorsal, but distinctly on the ventral side of the central nodule. Strie 10 (middle) to 18 (ends) in 0,01 mm., radiate throughout, coarsely punctate; puncta about 18 in 0,01 mm. — V. H. in Hauck and Richter Phycoth. univ. N:o 147. Notarisia 1888 p. 622. Icon. n. Pl. IV f. 24. Fresh water: Triest! The above description is from original specimens in Van Heurck’s collection. C. Hauckii is similar to C. acutiuscula, but the striz are radiate in the ends, where they are much closer than in the middle. C. Lindsayana Grev. (Trans. Bot. Soc. Edinb. Vol. VIII p. 234 Pl. III f. 5 to 8) has the same size and outline as C. Hauckw, but, according to GREVILLE, somewhat coarser striz. The description and figures given by GREVILLE are not sufficient for identification. 21. C. amphicephala Nazext (1849). — V. slightly asymmetrical, with arcuate dorsal and almost straight ventral margin. Ends rostrate to rostrate-capitate. L. 0,025 to 0,04; B. 0,009 to 0,01 mm. Median line slightly excentric, almost straight. Axial and central areas indistinct. Strie 12 or 14 (dorsal) to 16 (ventral) in 0,01 mm., more distant in the middle than’ elsewhere, slightly radiate. — Nana. in Kiitz. Sp. Alg. p. 890. A. 8. Atl. IX f. 62, 64 to 66; LXXI f. 52. V. H. Syn. p. 61 Pl. If. 6. C. naviculiformis Huts. Consp. Crit. p. 108 Pl. I f. 2. Fresh water: Spitsbergen! Iceland! Sweden (Areskutan, Upsala, Billingen, Gulf of Bothnia)! Denmark! Holstein! England! Saxony! Belgium (V. H.), Switzerland! Ispahan (Atl.), ne New Zealand! Brazil! Var. subundulata Cu. — V. linear, with slightly triundulate margins and capieate ae L. 0,04; B. 0,oo7 mm. Striee in the middle 16, at the ends 18 in 0,01 mm. Fresh water: Norway, Dovre! KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. wio 2. 165 Var. hercynica A. S. (1875). — V. rostrate. L. 0,029; B. 0,01 mm. Striz about 13 in 0,01 mm. — C. here. A. 8. Atl. IX f. 30, 31. C. abyssinica Grun. in Martelli Florula bogosensis p. 151 Pl. I f. 3 (1886). Fresh water: Juliushall, Harzburg (Atl.), Ringsjén (Sweden)! Abyssinia (Grun.). 22. C. lata Gruy. Ms. — V. slightly asymmetrical, broadly lanceolate, with subrostrate to rostrate ends. L. 0,042 to 0,056; B. 0,016 to 0,018 mm. Median line almost straight and central. Axial area narrow, linear, slightly dilated around the central nodule. Striz 9 (middle) to 12 (ends) in 0,o1 mm. slightly radiate in the middle, almost parallel at the ends, finely punctate. — Pl. IV f. 27. Fresh or slightly brackish water: Sweden (Gulf of Bothnia at Pitea; Ore sjé, near Boras)! Ladoga! Domblitten, Rostock and Liineburg, fossil! This species resembles in outline C. Ehrenbergii, but is much smaller and has less distinctly punctate strie. 23. (©. Cucumis A. 8. (1875). — V. broad, with convex dorsal and almost straight or slightly convex ventral margin. Ends rostrate-truncate. L. 0,07 to 0,09; B. 0,024 mm. Median line almost central, slightly arcuate. Axial area narrow, slightly dilated around the central nodule. Strize 8 to 9 (dorsal) to 10 (ventral) in 0,01 mm. punctate; puncta 12 in 0,01 mm., more distant on the median ventral strie. — A. S. Atl. IX f. 21, 22. Fresh water: Bengal (Atl.), Cameroon! 24. ©. Ehrenbergii Kurz. (1844). — V. asymmetrical, elliptic-lanceolate, with slightly rostrate, obtuse ends. L. 0,09 to 0,14; B. 0,028 to 0,038 mm. Median line slightly excentric, straight. Axial area narrow, but distinct, slightly dilated around the central nodule. Strie 7 to 9 in 0,01 mm. slightly radiate throughout, coarsely punctate; puncta 13 to 16 in 0,01 mm. — Navic. inequalis Eup. Inf. Pl. XIII f. 18 (1838). Cymb. Ehrenb. Kitz. Bac. p. 79 Pl. VI f. 11. W. Sw. B. D. IPL II f. 21. A. S. Atl. IX f. 6 to 9; LXXI f 74. V. H. Syn. p. 61 Pl. IT f.1. Fresh water: Iceland! Sweden (from Lapland to Skane)! Norway! Finland! England! Bel- gium (V. H.), Paris! Germany! Switzerland! North America (Crane Pond, Lost Spring Ranch, Washington territory, St. Rosa Cal.)! Var. delecta A. 8. (1875). — V. asymmetrical-lanceolate, with slightly rostrate ends. L. 0,063 to 0,085; B. 0,019 to 0,o24 mm. Axial area narrow, not, or slightly, dilated around the central nodule. Strie 8 to 9 (middle) to 11 (ends) in 0,01 mm. — Cymb. delecta A. S. Atl. IX f. 17. C. Ehrenbergii var. Atl. LXXI f. 80. C. Ehrenb. var. minor V. H. Syn. II f. 2. Fresh water: Greenland! Kénigsaue (Atl.), Puerto Monte, Chili (Atl.), Victoria, Splitters Creek (Austr.)! : 25. (C. lapponica Grun. (1879). — V. almost symmetrical, sublanceolate, gradually tapering from the middle to the acute ends. L. 0,033 to 0,037; B. 0,008 to 0,oo85 mm. Median line almost central, straight. Axial area narrow; central area rather large, rounded. Median striz 16 in 0,01 mm., terminal strie about 21 in 0,01 mm., finely punctate. — Grun. in Cl. M. D. N:o 271. Pl. IV f. 28. Fresh water: North Iceland! Repats in Gellivare, Lulea Lapmark, fossil, Sweden! This species has never been described or figured, but I suppose that GRrunow denotes this form, which occurs sparingly in Cl. M. D. N:o 271. This species seems to connect C. Cesati with C. stauroneiformis. 26. (©. stauroneiformis Lagst. (1873). -— V. lanceolate, almost symmetrical, with nearly obtuse, attenuated ends. L. 0,038 to 0,04; B. 0,009 to 0,011 mm. Median line almost central, straight. Axial area very narrow; central area large, quadrate, somewhat broader outwards, not reaching to the margins. Strie 16 to 17 in 0,01 mm., slightly radiate, finely punctate. — Laasv, Spitsb. D. p. 45 Pl. If. 15. A. S. Atl LXXI f. 62, 63. Fresh water: Beeren Eiland (Lagst.), Spitsbergen! 166 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. 27. C. naviculiformis Aversw. (1861). — V. elliptic-lanceolate, slightly asymmetrical, with rostrate-capitate ends. L. 0,03 to 0,047; B. 0,01 to 0,016 mm. Median line almost central, nearly straight. Axial area narrow, linear, suddenly dilated in the middle to an orbicular space. Strie in the dorsal side 14 (middle) to 18 (ends) in 0,01 mm., on the ventral side 14 in 0,01 mm. — Aversw. Rabh. Alg. E. N:o 1065. V. H. Syn. Pl. ID f. 5. C. cuspidata W. Sm. B. D. I Pl. II f. 22a’. C. anglica Lagst. Spitsb. D. p. 42 Pl. II f. 18 (1873). A. S. Atl. IX f. 63. V. H. Syn. EL AL £, 3: Fresh water: Greenland! Spitsbergen! Beeren Hiland (Lagst.), Norway (Romsdalen, Dovre)! Sweden! Finland! Holstein! Harz (Atl.), Jenissey! New-Zealand! Australia! Herpere (Consp. Crit. p. 108) remarks that Cymb. cuspidata W. SM. is not the species of Kirzine, but possibly C. naviculiformis, of which he gives several figures (Pl. I f. 3), which however are much more similar to C. amphicephala than to this species. LagERrsTep’ proposed the name C. anglica, believing it to be identical with the species of W. Situ, which is too indistinctly figured for identification. C. naviculiformis closely resembles C. amphicephala, trom which it is distinguished by the larger central area. 28. C. hybrida Grun. (1878). — V. linear, almost symmetrical, with rostrate ends. L.. 0,045; B. 0,009 mm. Median line almost central and straight. Axial area narrow; central area large, subquadrate. Striz 11 in 0,01 mm. almost parallel, finely punctate. — Grun. in Cl. M. D. N:o 161. Icon. nostr. Pl. IV f. 23. Fresh or very slightly brackish water: Sweden (Gothland, Lefrasjén in Skane)! 29. C€. spuria Cu. N. Sp. — V. asymmetrical, lanceolate, with subrostrate ends. Li. 0,05 to 0,06; B. 0,013 mm. Median line very slightly arcuate, almost central. Axial area narrow, gradually dilated towards the middle. Striz 12 (dorsal, median) to 13 (ventral and dorsal, termi- nal) in 0,01 mm., slightly radiate in the middle, almost parallel in the ends, finely but distinctly punctate. Fresh water: Talbot (Victoria, Australia)! Pichinicha (alpine region of Ecuador)! 30. C. euspidata Kirz. (1844). — V. broadly linear-lanceolate, slightly asymmetrical, with rostrate-capitate ends. L. 0,04 to 0,095; B. 0,014 to 0,024 mm. Median line slightly excentric, straight. Axial area narrow, linear; central area rather large, orbicular. Strive 9 or 10 (middle) to 12 or 14 (ends) in 0,01 mm. radiate, finely lineate. — Ktrz. Bac. Pl. III f. 40. Herp. Consp. p. 109 Pl If. 4. A.S. Atl IX f. 50 (typical) 53 to 55. V. H. Syn. p. 61 Pl. Il f. 3. Fresh water: Sweden (Lappland to Upsala and Westergétland)! Norway (Finmark, Dovre)! Finland! Paris! Belgium (V. H.), England! Germany! Italy! Greenland! Canada! Massachusetts! Jenissey! Kamtschatka! Japan! New Zealand! Var. obtusiuscula Gruy. (in V. H. Types N:o 19). — L. 0,06 to 0,08; B. 0,019 to 0,o2 mm. Ends more rounded. Fresh water: England (V. H. T.). 31. C. heteropleura Eup. (1843). -—- V. slightly asymmetrical, lanceolate, with rostrate and truncate to subrostrate, obtuse ends. L. 0,12 to 0,15; B. 0,033 to 0,04 mm. Median line almost central, straight. Axial area distinct, linear. Central area large, slightly transversely dilated. Strie 9 to 10 in 0,01 mm. slightly radiate throughout, punctate; puncta 9 to 13 in 0,01 mm. — Pinnularia heteropleura Ens. Am. p. 133. M. G. V:2 f. 11. Cymb. het. Kiirz. Bac. p. 79. A. 8. Atl. IX f. 4, 5. Fresh water (arctic and northern regions): Greenland! Norway (Dovre)! Sweden (Lappland)! Russian Lappland! KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDILINGAR. BAND 26. wz:o 2. 167 Var. subrostrata Cu. —- V. with scarcely rostrate, obtuse ends. L. 0,19 to 0,20; B. 0,045 mm. Striz 9 in 0,01 mm. coarsely punctate; puncta 9 to 13 in 0,01 mm. — Cymb. heteropleura A. S. Atl. 1X £ 3. Fresh water: Canada! Danas Pond! Cherryfield! . Var. minor Cr. — V. with rostrate and truncate ends. I. 0,06 to 0,08; B. 0,015 to 0,022 mm. Strie 9 in 0,01 mm., coarsely punctate; puncta 18 to 21 in 0,01 mm. — Cymb. Ehrenb. var. Lagst. Spitsb. D. p. 42 Pl. IT f. 17. Cymb. A. S. Atl. IX f. 51, 52. Fresh water: Spitsbergen! Beeren Eiland (Lagst.), Norway (Dovre)! Scotland (Lough Monrne, foss.)! Jenissey! St. Fiora, Italy (foss.)! The typical C. heteropleura is a large and characteristic boreal form. The var. minor occurs at Hjerkin in Dovre and cannot be distinguished from specimens in St. Fiora deposit. The latter variety differs from C. cuspidata in nothing except the somewhat different shape of the ends and the more coarsely punctate strie. C. americana A. 8. (At). IX f. 15, 20) seems to be intermediate between C. cuspidata and C. heteropleura var. minor. A similar form occurs in New Zealand at Horawarra. 32. C. oregonica Ci. N. Sp. — V. slightly asymmetrical, lanceolate, gradually tapering from the middle to the acute ends. L. 0,1; B. 0,02 mm. Median line almost central. Axial area narrow, slowly dilated to the middle, where it suddenly expands to a large, subrectangular, central area. Strie 17 (middle) to 20 (ends) in 0,01 mm. radiate throughout, punctate; puncta about 18 in 0,01 mm. forming longitudinal rows. — PI. IV f. 25. Fresh water: Oregon, fossil! 33. C. Mélleriana Grun. (1875). — V. nearly symmetrical, somewhat irregularly lanceolate, obtuse. L. 0,05 to 0,06; B. 0,01 to 0,012 mm. Terminal nodules of the median line at some di- stance from the ends. Axial area narrow; central area large, orbicular. Striz 12 to 13 in 0,01 mm., radiate throughout. — Gruy. in A. 8. Atl. IX f. 71 to 75. Fresh water(?): Wedel in Holstein (Atl.). It seems doubtful whether this form, which I know only from the figures in A. S. Atlas, really be a Cymbella. It has more of the appearance of some form belonging to the group of Navicula viridula, but the striw are radiate at the ends. 34. ©. (Eneyonema) lacustris Ac. (1824). — V. lanceolate, scarcely asymmetrical, with obtuse or truncate ends. L. 0,03 to 0,06; B. 0,o1 mm. Median line nearly central; its terminal nodules very distant from the ends. Axial area narrow; central area small, irregular. Strie about 9 in 0,01 mm., divergent in the middle, convergent at the ends, in the middle alternately longer and shorter, transversely lineate; lineolee about 28 in 0,01 mm. — Schizonema lacustre Aa. Syst. p. 10. A. S. Atl. LXXI f. 1 to 5. V. H. Syn. Pl. XV f. 40. Colletonema subcoherens Tuwartes in W. Sm. B. D. II p. 70 Pl. LVI f. 353. Eneyonema Ungeri Grun. in A. S. Atl. X f. 63. Colletonema lacustre V. H. Syn. p. 111. Fresh or slightly brackish water: Hungary (Plattensee Cl. M. D. N:o 108), England (W. Sm.), Gulf of Bothnia! The frustules of this species live enclosed in mucous tubes. The structure of the valve shews that it is nearly akin to the Navicule lineolate. 35. C. (Eneyonema) prostrata Berk. (1832). — V. strongly asymmetrical, semielliptical, with obtuse ends, frequently inclined downwards. L. 0,04 to 0,1; B. 0,025 to 0,o3 mm. Median line straight; its terminal nodules considerably distant from the ends. Axial area narrow; central area small, orbicular. Strize about 7 in 0,01 mm., in the middle of inequal length, and radiate at the ends convergent, transversely lineate. — Monema prostratum Berk. Brit. Alg. Pl. IV f. 3. Gloeonema Leibleinii Ac. Consp. p. 31? Encyonema paradoxum Ktrz. Bac. p. 82 Pl. XXIT f. 1 (1844). Encyon. prostratum Rats Ann. N. Hist. (I) XVI Pl. XVIII f. 3 (1845). W. Sm. B.D. 168 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. p- 68 Pl. LIV f. 345. A.S. Atl X f. 64 to 69; LXXI f. 6 to 9. V. H. Syn. p. 65 Pl. III f. 9 to 11. Cymbella Encyonema Hets. Consp. p. 110 (1863). Eneyonema maximum Wart. Rabu. Alg. Eur. N:o 1248 (1862). Fresh or slightly brackish water: Sweden (Gulf of Bothnia, from Westerbotten to Roslagen; Lake Malaren)! Finland (Abo, Ladoga)! England! Belgium (V. H.), France! Switzerland (Brun), Germany! Hungary (Plattensee, Grun.), Italy (St. Fiora, foss.). 36. C. (Encyonema?) inelegans Ci. N. Sp. — V. boat-shaped, with arcuate dorsal margin, straight or slightly concave ventral margin, and broad, rounded, somewhat reflexed ends. LL. 0,055 to 0,065; B. 0,o2 mm. Median line parallel to the ventral margin, very excentric. Terminal fissures comma-like; terminal pores near the ends. Axial area linear, rather broad. Striz on the dorsal side 10 (middle) to 12 (ends) slightly radiate; striz on the ventral side 8 in 0,01 mm., radiate in the middle, parallel in the ends, coarsely punctate; puncta 17 to 18 in 0,01 mm. — i as a © Fresh water: Fall River, Oregon, foss. (Grove Coll.)! 37. C. (Eneyonema) Triangulum Ene. (1845). — V. broad, asymmetrical, lanceolate with acute ends. I. 0,04 to 0,05; B. 0,02 mm. Median line straight, dividing the valve into a ventral part half as broad as the dorsal. Terminal fissures in the ends of the valve. Axial area very narrow; central area small or indistinct. Striz 9 to 11 in 0,01 mm. almost parallel or slightly radiate in the ends, coarsely punctate; puncta about 10 in 0,01 mm. — Gloeonema Triangulum Eus. Abh. 1845 p. 77. M. G. XXXV A. 7 f. 10. Encyon. Triang. Kitz. Sp. Alg. p. 62. A. 8. Atl. X f. 54; LXXT f. 10. Fresh water: North America, New York and Pensacola (Atl.), Michigan, Dakota and Lost Spring Ranch Calif.! Tasmania, Campbell Town, fossil! 38. C. (Encyonema) turgida Gree. (1856). — V. lunate, with strongly arcuate dorsal, cen- trally gibbous ventral margin, and acute ends. IL. 0,05 to 0,10; B. 0,012 to 0,023 mm. Median line straight, dividing the valve into a ventral part of about half the width of the dorsal. Ter- minal fissures in the ends, comma-like, turned downwards. Axial area distinct, linear, scarcely dilated in the middle. Strize 7 to 9 in 0,01 mm., radiate in the middle and, on the dorsal side, at the ends, parallel or convergent at the ends on the ventral side, punctate; puncta 13 to 18 in 0,01 mm. — Gree. M. J. IV p. 5 Pl. 1 f. 18. Eneyon. turg. A. 8S. Atl. X f. 49 to 53. V.H. Syn. p. 65 Pl. III f. 12. Fresh water: Sweden! Finland! Mouth of Jenissey! Scotland (Greg.), East Indies! Java! Australia (Murray River)! Tasmania! New Zealand! North America (California, Mexico)! Guate- mala! Ecuador! Argentina! This species is very variable and graduates into the following. The largest and most ty- pical specimens occur in California, Mexico and Ecuador. European specimens are smaller and can only with difficulty be distinguished from the following species. 29. 0. (Encyonema) ventricosa Kirz. (1834). — V. lunate, with straight or centrally gibbous ventral margin and subacute ends, usually turned downwards. L. 0,015 to 0,036; B. 0,007 to 0,011 mm. Median line approximate to the ventral margin. Terminal nodules and fissures at the ends of the valve. Axial area very narrow or indistinct. Striz 10 to 16 in 0,01 mm. slightly radiate, finely punctate. Frustules enclosed in branched mucous tubes. — Frustulia ventricosa Ktrz. Syn. p. 11 f. 7. Cymb. ven. Bac. p. 80 Pl. VI f. 16. Eneyon. ventric. V. H. Syn. p. 66 Pl. III fig. 15 to 17, 19. Encyon. prostratum Kirz. Bac. p. 82 Pl. XXV f. 7 (1844). Encyon. cespitosum Kirrz. Sp. Alg. p. 61 (1849). W. Sm. B. D. II p. 68: Pl. LV f. 346. V. H. Syn. p. 65 Pl. III f. 14; Suppl. A f. 3. ZL 8. Atl. X f. 57, 58; LXXIf. 11,12. Eneyon. Auerswaldii Rau. Siissw. D. p. 24 Pl. VII f. 2 (1853). Cymbella maculata W. Sm. B. D. I Pl IT f. 23. Cymb. affinis var. semicircularis Lagst. Spitsb. D. p. 43 Pl. II f. 20. Coceonema Lunula Enz. Am. Pl. I: 1, f. 15 (1843). Eneyon. KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. n:o 2. 169 Lunula A. 8S. Atl X f. 42, 43; LXXTI f. 14, 15, 32 to 34. Cymb. Lunula Rasy. Alg. Eur. N:o 1166 (1861). Cymb. silesiaca Buzisch Rasy. Alg. Eur. N:o 1802 (1865). A. S. Atl. X f. 59. Cymb. minuta Hins—e Rapu. Alg. Eur. N:o 1261 (1862). A. 8. Atl. LXXI f. 30, 31. Cymb. variabilis Wartm. Rasy. Alg. Eur. N:o 803 (1859). Fresh water: Spitsbergen! Norway (Dovre, Christiania)! Sweden (Lapland to Skane)! Fin- land! Gulf of Bothnia (from Haparanda to Roslagen)! England! Belgium! France! Germany! Swit- zerland! East Indies! Japan! Australia! Tasmania! New Zealand! Greenland! Mexico! California! Ecuador! Var. ovata Grun. (1875). — V. with convex ventral margin. Median line almost in the middle of the valve. — Encyon. cespit. var. ovata A. 8. Atl. X f. 45, 46. V. H. Syn. PL IIL f. 13. Fresh water: Sweden (Gulf of Bothnia)! Germany, Atter See (Atl.), Belgium (V. H.). Var. obtusa Grun. (1875). — V. elongated, obtuse. — FE. cespit. var. obtusa Grun. in A. 8. Atl. X f. 47, 48. Fresh water: Rome (Atl.), Rammer Moor (Atl.). Most authors regard the forms of C. ventricosa as belonging to two different species, Encyo- nema ventricosum and E. caespitosum, the former being smaller and with the median line closer to the straight ventral margin, the latter a little larger, with the median line somewhat more distant from the ventral margin, which is slightly gibbous in the middle. I am unable to find any definite limit between these species, and as their distinctive characteristics are very trifling and subject to great variation, I have united them. 40. €. (Eneyonema) Jordani Grun. Ms. — V. with very elevated dorsal margin, more or less gibbous ventral margin and truncate to capitate ends. L. 0,02 to 0,032; B. 0,008 to 0,009 mm. Areas indistinct. Median line straight; its termina] fissures turned downwards. Striz about 16 in 0,01 mm., radiate in the middle, very finely punctate. — Pl. V f. 3, 4. Fresh water: Otago, New Zealand (Weissflog Coll.)! 41. (€. (Eneyonema) hebridica Grun. (1877). — V. elongated, lunate, with arcuate dorsal and slightly convex ventral margin and subacute ends. L. 0,03 to 0,04; B. 0,007 to 0,008 mm. Median line straight, dividing the valve so that the ventral part is half as broad as the dorsal. Terminal fissures in the ends. Axial area very narrow; central area small or indistinct. Strice about 10 in 0,01 mm. distinctly punctate. — Encyon. hebridicum (Gruc.) Grun. Cl. M. D. No 37. Cu. D. of Finl. p. 48 Pl. I] f. 16, 17. Fresh water: Sweden (Luleé Lapmark, foss.)! Finland (Russian Lapland; Nyland and Viborg foss.)! This form, which appears to be pretty constant, occurs in northern regions. It connects E. ventricosum with E. gracile. In A. Scumipts Atl. IX f. 11 is figured a large form from »Ohla- jarri> (Orrjarvi, Finland?), which seems either to be a forma maxima of C. hebridica or a new species. 42. ©. (Encyonema) gracilis Rasy. (1853). — V. narrow, slender, with gently arcuate dorsal and straight ventral margin. Ends acute. L. 0,03 to 0,056; B. 0,007 to 0,o1 mm. Median line more approximate to the ventral than to the dorsal margin; its terminal nodules distant from the ends. Areas indistinct. Strie 10 to 13 in 0,01 mm. — Encyon. gracile Rasy. Stissw. D. Pl. X f. 1. A. §. Atl. X f. 36, 37, 39, 40. V. H. Syn. Pl. III f. 20 to 21. Cymbella seotica W. Sm. B. D. I p. 18 Pl. Il f. 25 (1853). Cymb. lunata W. Sm. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. [2] XV Pl 1X f. 15 (1855). V. H. Syn. Pl. TI f. 23. Fresh water, especially alpine regions: Norway (Finmark, Dovre)! Sweden (Lapland, Sma. land)! Finland! Scotland! Savoy! Tasmania! New Zealand! Greenland! White Mountains! 43, (C. (Encyonema) norvegica Grun. (1875). — V. asymmetrical, linear, with obtuse, broad ends. L. 0,04 to 0,05; B. 0,007 to 0,008 mm. Median line straight, nearly axial, with the K. Sv. Vet. Akademiens Handlingar. Bd 26. N:o 2. 22 170 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. terminal nodules at some distance from the ends. Axial area narrow, central area small, orbicular. Strie 14 to 15 in 0,01 mm. slightly radiate in the middle, where they are more distant, parallel at the ends. — Grun. in A. S. Atl. X f. 41. Cu. M. D. Nio 268. Fresh water (alpine regions): Greenland! Iceland! Norway (Dovre, Romsdalen)! Sweden (Pautrisk, Wilhelmina socken)! C. norvegica is nearly akin to C. gracilis and differs principally by its more linear form and broad, rounded ends. 44. (C. incerta Grun. (1878). — V. linear, slightly asymmetrical, with broad, obtuse ends, slightly arcuate dorsal margin and almost straight ventral. L. 0,04 to 0,07; B.0,oo9 mm. Median line almost central. Axial area narrow, not dilated in the middle. Strie 14 to 16 in 0,01 mm., equidistant in the middle, where they are parallel, and slightly radiate at the ends. — C. Pisciculus var. incerta Grun. Cl. M. D. Nio 96. Cu. D. fr. Gronl. och Argent. p. 13 Pl. XVI f. 12. C. sub- equalis var. incerta Grun. in V. H. T. N:o 30. Fresh water, northern or alpine regions: Norway (Dovre, Hammerfest)! Sweden (Lapland)! Finland (Russian Lapland)! Scotland (V. H. T.). Var. naviculacea Grun. (1879). — With somewhat wider axial area and finer striz, about 18 in 0,01 mm. — C. (Pisciculus var.) naviculacea Gruy. in Cl. M. D. N:o 272. Cu. D. fr. Grénl. och Argentina p. 13 Pl. XVI f. 11. Fresh water: Greenland! Norway (Dovre)! Sweden (Lapland to Jamtland)! Finland (Russian Lapland)! 45. C. wequalis W. Sm. (1856). — V. linear-lanceolate, with arcuate dorsal, straight or slightly convex ventral margin, and broad, obtuse, or almost truncate ends. L. 0,03 to 0,045; B. 0,006 to 0,011 mm. Median line straight, near to the ventral margin, broad (oblique). Axial area narrow, not, or slightly, dilated in the middle. Striz 11 or 14 (middle) to 14 or 16 (ends) in 0,01 mm., slightly radiate, obscurely punctate; puncta about 16 in 0,01 mm. — W. Sm. B. D. IT p. 84. Cymb. obtusa Grue. M. J. IV Pl. I f. 19 (1856). V. H. Syn. p. 61 Pl WI f. la A. S. Atl Ix f. 41 to 45; LX XI f. 72? Cymb. subequalis Grun. V. H. Syn. Pl. III f. 2, 4 Suppl. A f. 1 (1880). Fresh water: Greenland! Iceland! Scotland and England! Sweden (Lapland to Skane, Goth- land)! Norway (Dovre, Stavanger, foss.)! Belgium (V. H.), Saxony! Switzerland! Michigan! Var. florentina Grun. (1880). — V. less asymmetrical, almost lanceolate. Striz finer, 15 in 0,01 mm. — Cymb. subequalis var. florentina Grun. in V. H. Syn. Pl. III f. 3. Fresh water: S:ta Fiora, foss. (Grun.). Var. diminuta Grun. — L. 0,015; B. 0,004 mm. Striz 12 to 15 in 0,01 mm. — Cymb. obtusa var. diminuta Grun. in V. H. T. N:o 129. : Fresh water: England (V. H. T.). C. equalis W. Sm. is usually believed to denote the same species as C. angustata, but as the ends are described as obtuse and the strie are coarse, 12 in 0,01 mm., it is evident that this is a mistake, and that Smrru meant the form described above as C. equalis. Gregory's figure of Cymb. obtusa is small and not very characteristic, but agrees pretty well with this species. Between Cymb. subequalis Grun. and Cymb. obtusa Gree. as represented in Van Huurck’s Synopsis I am unable to discover any specific distinction. As limited here Cymb. equalis is a common form, distinguished by its linear form and almost truncate ends. The median striz are more dis- tant than the others and radiate. 46. C. sinuata Gree. (1856). — V. linear, slightly asymmetrical, frequently gibbous in the middle on the ventral side, with broad, obtuse ends. L. 0,012 to 0,026; B. 0,004 to 0,005 mm. Axial area narrow; central area large, on the ventral side reaching to the margin. Strie 9 to 11 0,01 mm., almost parallel. — Gree. M. J. IV Pl. If. 17. C. abnormis Grun. in V. H. Syn. Pl. II f. 8 (1880). Gomphonema asymmetricum Gutw. p. 28 Pl. I f. 24? KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. w:o 2. 171 Fresh water: Sweden (Malaren, Westergitland, Smaland)! Finland (Abo)! Scotland (Greg.), Treland! New Zealand! Var. antiqua Grun. —- V. with subcapitate ends. L. 0,032 to 0,033; B. 0,008 mm. Strize 7 to 8 in 0,01 mm., finely punctate. — C. abn. var. ant. Grun. Foss. D. Oster. Ung. p. 141 Pl. XXIX f. 31. Fresh water: Hungary, fossil (Grun.). Var.? fossilis Pant. (1893). — Linear with slightly rostrate ends. L. 0,05; B. 0,01 mm. Central area a transverse fascia. Strie 8 to 9 in 0,01 mm. — Cymb. abnormis var. fossilis Pant. III Pl. XVII f. 255. Fresh water: Hungary, fossil (Pant.). This little form is of interest as it has some resemblance to a Gomphonema, in its uni- laterally dilated central area. The fig. given by Grecory is not as good as desirable, but there can hardly exist any doubt that Grucory really meant this species. 47. ©. tumidula Grun. (1875). — V. asymmetrical, linear-lanceolate, with rostrate ends. L. 0,033 to 0,035; B. 0,007 to 0,009 mm. Dorsal margin arcuate, ventral straight, or somewhat gibbous in the middle. Median line somewhat excentric, straight, with approximate central pores. Axial areas indistinct; central area indistinct or on the dorsal side only. Strie on the dorsal side 13 (middle) to 15 (ends) in 0,01 mm., on the ventral side 14 in 0,01 mm., slightly radiate throughout, finely punctate. On the ventral side of the central nodule are two puncta at the ends of the two median strie. — Gruy. in A. 8. Atl. IX f. 38. V.H. T. Nio 27. Fresh water: Rostock, fossil! Oxford! Triest (Atl.), Paris, Marly (Cl. M. D. 195)! Var. salinarum Grun. (1875). — VY. asymmetrical, lanceolate, with subacute, not rostrate ends. L. 0,027 to 0,04; B. 0,008 to 0,01 mm. Axial area narrow, slightly dilated on the dorsal side around the central nodule. Strie 11 or 12 (middle and dorsal) to 15 (ventral) in 0,01 mm. — C. salinarum Grun. A. S. Atl. IX f. 28. V. H. T. No 26. Brackish water: Bay of Finland (Dannf.), Saule (Atl.), Italy! C. tumidula seems to connect C. amphicephala with C. turgidula, C. affinis etc. As far I can see, there is no other difference between C. tumidula and C. salinarum than the somewhat different shape of the ends. The above descriptions are from original specimens in Van Heurcx’s Types. 48. C. turgidula Gruw. (1875). — V. asymmetrical with more or less rostrate, obtuse, or truncate ends. L. 0,032 to 0,05; B. 0,01 to 0,o15mm. Axial area very narrow. Strie in the middle on the dorsal side 9 to 10 in 0,01 mm. at the ends about 11 in 0,01 mm. finely punctate, puncta about 24 in 0,01 mm. At the ventral side of the central nodule are two small puncta, ending the median strie. — Grun. A. 8. Atl. IX f. 23 to 26. Fresh water: Bengal (Atl.), New Zealand! Niagara falls! Porto Rico! Ecuador, Chimborazo! Argentina! C. turgidula is nearly related to C. affinis, but is larger and has 2 puncta below the cen- tral nodule. 49. (C. affinis Kitz. (1844). — V. more or less broad, semielliptical to semilanceolate with almost straight ventral margin and slightly rostrate, obtuse or subtruncate ends. Lz. 0,025 to 0,04; B. 0,007 to 0,01 mm. Median line slightly arcuate, excentric. Axial area very narrow, not dilated around the central nodule. Striez 10 or 11 (dorsal side) to 12 (ventral side) in 0,01 mm. a little closer at the ends, slightly radiate, finely punctate. On the ventral side of the central nodule is a small isolated punctum ending the median stria. — Ktrz Bac. p. 80 Pl. VI f. 15? W. Sm. B. D. 1 Pl XXX f, 2507 A. S. Atl. IX £28, 38"4 DRX f, 28, 29. Vi H. Sym. p 62 PL If, 19, V. H. Types N:o 26. Cymb. truncata Gree. M. J. III p. 39 Pl. IV f. 3 (1855)? ~Cocconema nanum Hanrzscu Rab. A. E. N:o 1321 (1862). A. S. Atl. LXXI f. 27. Coccon. gibbum A.S. Atl. X f. 27. Cymb. affinis var. tumida Laest. Spitsb. D. p. 43 Pl. IL f. 19? 172 Pp. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. Fresh water: Sweden (Uppland to Skane, Gothland, Gulf of Bothnia)! Finland! Holstein! England! Belgium (V. H.), Germany! Switzerland! Italy! Mouth of Jenissey! Japan! Australia (Lake Muir)! New Zealand! New York! Argentina! Cymb. affinis is a variable species, connecting Cymb. turgidula with Cymb. parva. The ventral margin is sometimes indented in the middle. Such a form has been figured by GruNow in Foss. Diat. Osterr. Ung. Pl. XXIX f. 26 and is probably identical with Cymb. exisa var. major Gutwinsky Materialy p. 25 Pl. I f. 21. 50. C. parva W. Sm. (1852). — V. semilanceolate, with slightly rostrate, obtuse to sub- truncate ends. L. 0,03 to 0,05; B. 0,01 to 0,012 mm. Median line somewhat arcuate and broad (oblique). Axial area narrow, very slightly dilated in the middle. Strie 9 or 10 (median, dorsal) to 13 (ventral and terminal) in 0,01 mm., very slightly radiate, obscurely punctate. There is no punctum on the ventral side of the central nodule. — Cocco. parvum W. Sm. B. D. I p. 77. Pl. XXIII f. 222. A.S. Atl. Xf.14,15. Gruy. Franz Josephs Land D. p. 97 (45) Pl. If. 9. Cymb. cymby- formis var. parva V. H. Syn. p. 64 Pl. IL f. 14. Cocconema pachycephalum Rasy. Alg. Eur. N:o 1107 (1861). Fresh water: Greenland! Franz Josephs Land (Grun.), Sweden (Lapland to Skane)! Norway (Finmark to Christiania)! Finland! England! Germany! Belgium! France! Switzerland! Savoy! Italy! Mouth of Jenissey! North America, Winnepeg! Var. hungarica Grun. (1875). — IL. 0,024 to 0,04; B. 0,009 to 0,01 mm. Area dilated on the dorsal side of the central nodule. Striz 10 in 0,01 mm. — Coccon. hungaric, Grun. in A. 8. Atl. IX f. 88, X f. 16, 17; LXXT f. 37, 38. Fresh water: Norway (Brevig)! Platten See, Hungary (Grun.). Cymb. parva is in the living state stipitate. It is closely akin to Cymb. affinis and Cymb. cymbiformis, differing from both by the want of a punctum at the end of the median central stria. 51. ©. Botellus Laasr. (1873). — V. arcuate, with parallel margins and rounded ends. L. 0,024 to 0,034; B. 0,006 to O,oo7 mm. Median line slightly excentric, arcuate. Axial area narrow, not dilated around the central nodule. Strie 10 to 11 in 0,01 mm., very slightly radiate, not distinctly punctate. — Cymb. variabilis var. Botellus Lagst. Spitsb. D. p. 44 Pl. IT f. 22. Cymb. bot. A. 8. Atl. LXXI f. 39. Fresh water: Arctic America! Beeren Eiland (Lagst.), Spitzbergen! 52. C. eymbiformis (Ac. 1830?) Kirz. (1833). — V. boat-shaped, with straight, sometimes slightly gibbous, ventral margin and obtuse or truncate ends. L. 0,05 to 0,1; B. 0,01 to 0,012 mm. Median line slightly arcuate, broad (oblique); its terminal fissures reflexed. Axial area narrow; central area small. Strie 8 to 9 in 0,01 mm. somewhat closer at the ends, finely lineate (lineolee 20 in 0,01 mm.). On the ventral side of the central nodule is an isolated punctum at the end of the median stria. — Ag. Consp. p. 10 (1830)? Frustulia coffeeformis Kitz. Dec. N:o 11 (1833) according to Lagst. Frust. cymb.{ Kirz. Linn. VIII p. 5389 Pl. XTII £. 10. Coccon. cymbi- forme W. Su. B. D. 1 p. 76 Pl. XXIII f. 220? A. S. Atl. IX f. 76 to 79; X f.13. Cymb. cymbif. V. H. Syn. p. 63 Pl. Il f. 11 a, b, «. Fresh water: Iceland! Norway (Finmark to Brevig)! Sweden! Finland! England! Belgium (V. H.), France! Germany! Switzerland! Hungary (Dubravica, foss. Grun.), Socotra (Kitton), Japan! Tasmania! Argentina! C. cymbiformis is very similar to C. helvetica, but differs by the reflexed terminal fissures and from C. helvetica, as well as from C. parva, by the isolated punctum below the central nodule. 53. C. Beecarii Gruv. (1886). — V. clavate, and at the same time boat-shaped, with one half longer than the other. L. 0,054 to 0,06; B. 0,014 mm. Median line arcuate, almost in the middle of the valve. Axial area narrow, not dilated around the central nodule. Strize 11 to 16 KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. n:o 2. 173 in 0,01 mm., slightly radiate throughout, distinctly punctate. No isolated punctum below the central nodule. — Gron. in Martelli Florula Bogosensis p. 152 Pl. I f. 1, 2. Fresh water: Abyssinia (Grun.). 54. C. Cistula Hempr. (1828). — V. boat-shaped, with concave, centrally slightly gibbous, ventral margin, and truncate or rounded, obtuse ends. L. 0,07 to 0,16; B. 0,018 to 0,025 mm. Median line arcuate, broad, bent downwards near the central nodule. The central pores distant, and the terminal fissures reflexed. Axial area narrow, linear, slightly dilated on the dorsal side of the central nodule. Strie 7 to 9 in 0,01 mm. coarsely lineate; lineole 18 to 21 in 0,01 mm. On the ventral side, near the central nodule, the striz are interrupted by a narrow depression, so that below the central nodule is a segmental row of 2 to 5 puncta. — Bacillaria Cistula Hempr. a. Eup. Symb. Phys. phyto. Pl. II, IV f. 10. Coecon. Cistula W. Sm. B. D. XXIII f. 221. A.S. Probet. f. 16 Pl. X f. 1—5, 24—26. Cymb. Cistula V. H. Syn. p. 64 Pl. IT f. 12—13. C. Crstula var. maculata A. 8S. Atl. LXXI f. 21. Gron. Franz Josephs Land D. p. 97 (45) Pl. If. 8. C. Cistula var. fusidiwum Hiérip. a. Perac. D. d’Auvergne p. 71 Pl. III f. 12. Coccon. arcticum A. 8. Atl. LXXI f. 25. Coccon. cornutum Gree. M. J. IV Pl. 1 f. 11 (1856)? Fresh and slightly brackish water: Spitsbergen! Norway (Dovre, Stavanger, foss.)! Sweden (Lapland to Skane), Bay of Bothnia (from Pited to Uppland and Helsingfors)! Finland! England! Holstein! Belgium! France! Germany! Switzerland! Italy! Mouth of Jenissey! Kamtschatka! Japan! Yarkand! America (Winnepeg, Vancouver, Massachusets, Hlinois, California, Mexico)! Var. maculata Kurz. (1834). — V. broader and shorter than in the type. L. 0,045 to 0,082; B. 0,013 to 0,oi5 mm. Strie 9 to 12 in 0,01 mm. Lineolee 24 in 0,01 mm. No row of puncta below the central nodule. — Frustulia maculata Kitz. Dec. N:o 85 (1834) according to Lagst. Cymb. maculata A. S. Atl X f. 6; LXXI f. 20, 22. Cymb. Cistula var. mac. V. H. Syn. p. 64 Pl. II f. 16, 17. Cymb. Bouleana Br. a. Hiri. D. d’Auvergne p. 220 Pl. VI f. 14 1893 (ad spec. auth.). Cymb. Pauli Huns. a. Perag. D. d'Auvergne p. 70 Pl. III f. 11 (1898). Fresh water: Franz Josephs Land (Grun.), Spitsbergen! Sweden (Vestergétland, Smaland)! Finland! England! France! Germany! Greenland! Argentina! Var. sibirica Grun. (1880). — V. with rounded, not rostrate ends. L. 0,08; B. 0,024 mm. Median line strongly arcuate. Striew 10 (middle) to 12 (ends) in 0,01 mm. lineate (lineole about 20 in 0,01 mm.) interrupted in the ventral side of the central nodule by a narrow depression. — Coccon. Cistula var. sib. Grun. A. D. p. 25 Pl. If. 11. Fresh water: Mouth of Jenissey! Var. arctica Laest. (1873). — V. boat-shaped, with strongly arcuate dorsal, and slightly concave ventral, margin. Ends truncate. L. 0,032 to 0,07; B. 0,007 to 0,015 mm. Median line strongly arcuate, broad; its terminal fissures reflexed. Axial area narrow. Strie 9 to 13 in 0,01 mm. finely lineate. No row of puncta on the ventral side of the central nodule. — Cymb. variabilis var. arctica Lagst. Spitsb. D. p. 44 Pl. IT f. 21. Cymb. arctica A. S. Atl. X f. 12; LXXI f. 23, 24. Fresh water: Beeren Eiland (Lagst.), Spitsbergen! Russian Lapland! Mouth of Jenissey! Var.? truncata Brun (1880). — V. with slightly arcuate dorsal margin, straight ventral margin and very broad, truncate ends. L. 0,045 to 0,075 mm. Strie 8 to 10 in 0,01 mm. No row of puncta below the central nodule. — Brun D. des Alpes p. 58 PI. III f. 2. Fresh water: Switzerland (Brun.). C. Cistula is a very variable species, graduating, as it appears, to C. cymbiformis. Its most distinctive characteristic, the row of puncta below the central nodule, is not present in some of its varieties. The var.? truncata is remarkable for its outline and resembles very much the smaller C. curta A. Scum. (Atl. IX f. 47. L. 0,02; B. 0,01 mm.) unknown to me. 55. ©. Stuxbergii Cu. (1880). — V. with strongly arcuate dorsal margin, almost straight ventral margin, and rostrate, truncate ends. L. 0,055 to 0,075; B. 0,o2 mm. Median line strongly arcuate, with reflexed terminal fissures. Axial area indistinct, slightly dilated on the dorsal side 174 Pp. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF NAVICULOID DIATOMS. around the central nodule. Strie 14 to 15 in 0,01 mm. radiate in the middle, almost parallel at ends, very finely punctate, crossed on the ventral side below the central nodule by a narrow de- pression. — Coccon. Stuxb. Cu. A. D. p. 13 Pl. I f. 10. Cymb. St. Icon. n. Pl. V f. 2. Fresh water: Mouth of Jenissey! 56. C. Sturii Grun. (1882). — V. boat-shaped, with truncate ends. Dorsal margin arcuate, ventral margin straight, somewhat gibbous in the middle. L. 0,19 to 0,25; B. 0,032 mm. Median line slightly arcuate, dilated towards the ends; its terminal fissures reflexed. Axial area narrow linear, gradually dilated towards the middle and the ends. Strie 7 or 8 (middle) to 10 or 12 (ends) in 0,01 mm. punctate (puncta about 14 in 0,01 mm.), crossed near the central nodule on the ventral side, and sometimes on the dorsal side, by a narrow depression. — Grun. Foss. D. Osterr. Ung. p. 140 Pl. XXX f. 35. Pan. III Pl. XIX f. 287. Fresh water: Hungary, fossil! This species is very characteristic, distinguished from all others by its median line becoming wider towards the ends. It has the outline of C. lanceolata, and the row of puncta of C. Cistula. 57. C. lanceolata Eus. (1838). — V. boat-shaped, with arcuate dorsal margin, slightly con- cave, centrally gibbous, ventral margin, and obtuse ends. L. 0,08 to 0,16; B. 0,024 to 0,03 mm. Median line slightly arcuate with reflexed terminal fissures. Axial area very narrow; central area small, elongated. Strie 9 to 10 in 0,01 mm. slightly radiate, punctate, puncta 15 to 18 in 0,01 mm. — Coccon. lanceolatum Ens. Inf. p. 224 Pl. XIX f. 6. W. Sm. B. D. I Pl. XXIII f. 219. A. S. Atl X f. 8—10. Cymb. lane. V. H. Syn. p. 63 Pl. Il f. 7. Coccon. Boeckii Grun. in A. 8. Atl. X f. 11 (1875). Coccon. variabile Cramer, Rab. A. E. 1246 (p. p. C. cymbifera). Fresh water, especially larger lakes, often slightly brackish water: Sweden (Lapland to Skane)! Gulf of Bothnia! Norway (Finmark to Laurgard)! Finland (Ladoga, Onega)! Siberia! Hol- stein! Britain! France! Belgium (V. H.), Switzerland! Vienna! Socotra (Kitton). Var cornuta Eup. (1843). — L. 0,15 to 0,20; B. 0,027 to 0,029 mm. Striew 7 or 8 (middle) to 10 or 11 (ends) in 0,01 mm. punctate; puncta 10 to 12 in 0,01 mm. — Coccon. cornutum Ens. Am. p. 124. M. G. XV, A f. 94. Cymb. lane. var. cornuta Grun. Foss. D. Osterr. Ung. p. 141. Fresh water: Ireland, Toome Bridge, Mourne Mountains (Grun.), Liineburg (Grun.). Var. fossilis Pant. (1889). — L. 0,127; B. 0,024 mm. Strie 11 (middle) to 8 (ends) in 0,01 mm. — Panv. IT p. 40. Brackish water: Hungary, fossil (Pant.). 58. C. helvetica Kirz. (1844). — V. boat-shaped, with gently arcuate dorsal margin and straight, frequently slightly gibbous ventral. Ends rounded obtuse. L. 0,036 to 0,085; B. 0,01 to 0,015 mm. Median line slightly asymmetrical and almost straight. Terminal fissures in nearly the same direction as the median line. Axial area narrow, very slightly dilated around the central nodule. Striz 9 to 11 in 0,01 mm. closer towards the ends; puncta about 16 in 0,01 mm. There are no isolated puncta below the central nodule. — Kivz. Bac. p. 79 Pl. VI f. 13. V. H. Syn. p- 64 Pl. If. 15. A. 8S. Atl. X f. 20 to 21, 22 (Cymb. scotica) f. 23 (Coccon. leave); LXXI f. 19. Fresh water: Greenland! Norway (Finmark, Stavanger, foss.)! Sweden (Lapland to Skane)! Gulf of Bothnia (Haparanda, Pited), Finland! Scotland! Belgium (V. H.), Germany! France! Switzerland! Var. curta Cur. — L. 0,045; B. 0,012 mm. Central area smaller than in the type, or in- distinct. Striz 12 in 0,01 mm. less distinctly punctate than in the type. — C. turgidula Grun. in Cl. M. D. N:o 95. Fresh water: Holstein! Var.? Balatonis Grun. (1875). — Dorsal margin strongly arcuate, ventral slightly gibbous. L. 0,09; B. 0,o26 mm. Striz about 8 in 0,01 mm. — Cymb. Bal. Gruy. A. 8. Atl X £19. Fresh water: Platten See, Hungary (Grun.). KUONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. n:o 2. 175 Cymbella helvetica is a very common species, easily recognized by its straight terminal fissures. Under the name Encyonema Gerstenbergeri Grunow has described (Banka D. p. 9 Pl. I f. 11; 1865) a form, remarkable for the terminations of the median line, which are unusually distant from the ends of the valve. I have seen from various localities several specimens closely agreeing with the figure published by Grunow, and I have convinced myself that these are abnormal forms of C. helvetica. * C. hevesensis Pant. (1889). -— V. boat-shaped, with obtuse ends. L. 0,062; B. 0,013 mm. Median line bent; its central pores very distant. Axial area narrow, slightly dilated around the central nodule. Striz 11,5 to 13,5 in 0,01 mm. slightly radiate, punctate. — Panr. II p. 40 Pl. III f. 53. Brackish water: Hungary, fossil (Pant.). This species is unknown to me. The fig. and description given by PanrocseExk are insufficient for deciding as to its relations to other boat-shaped Cymbelle. * C. Chyzerii Pant. (1889). — V. boat-shaped, with the ventral margin slightly gibbous in the middle. Ends subrostrate, obtuse. L. 0,0825; B. 0,0145 mm. Median line arcuate, its central pores approximate. Axial area narrow, not dilated in the middle. Strie 10 to 12,5 in 0,01 mm. Ventral striz crossed by »a black linex(?) — Panv. II p. 40 Pl. XI f. 194. Brackish water: Hnngary, fossil (Pant.). This species is unknown to me. The description and the figure given by PanrocsEKk are insufficient for ascertaining its relations to other boat-shaped Cymbelle. It may come near to C helvetica, C. lanceolata, C. cymbiformis. 59. C. aspera Ens. (1840). — V. boat-shaped, with strongly arcuate dorsal margin and straight, centrally gibbous ventral margin. Ends obtuse, rounded. L. 0,15 to 0,18; B. 0,033 mm. Median line arcuate. Axial area linear, slightly dilated in the middle. Strie 7 to 9 in 0,01 mm. slightly radiate, punctate; puncta 12 to 15 in 0,01 mm. No row of isolated puncta on the ventral side. — Coccon. asperum Eup. Ber. 1840 M. G. V: 1 f. l ete. Pxrrr Journ. de Microgr. 1878 Mars et Avril f. 3. Hire. D. d’Auvergne Pl. III f. 10. Cy. lanceol. var. aspera Brun D. des Alpes p. 57 Pl. IX f. 16? Cy. gastroides Kirz. Bac. p. 79 Pl. VI f. 46 (1844). A. 8. Atl. IX f. 1, 2; X f. 7. V. H. Syn. p. 63 Pl. ID f. 8. Grun. Franz Josephs Land D. p. 97 (45) PI.If. 7. C. gigantea Pant. TIT Pl. XXT f. 321 (1893)? Fresh water: Franz Josephs Land (Grun.), Iceland! Norway (Dovre, Laurgaard)! Sweden (Lapland to Skane)! Finland! France! Britain! Belgium! Germany! Switzerland! Savoy! Italy! Japan! New Zealand! Var. minor V. H. (1880). — Smaller, with strongly arcuate median line. L. 0,07 to 0,08 mm. — Cy. gastr. forma minor V. H. Syn. p. 63 Pl. II f. 9. Var. neogena Grun. (1882). — L. 0,175; B. 0,033 mm. Striz about 8 in 0,01 mm., 12 in 0,01 mm. towards the ends, punctate; puncta about 14 in 0,01 mm. — Cy. gastroides var. neogena GRuN. Foss. D. Oster. Ung. p. 141. Fresh water: Hungary, fossil (Grun.). Var. dubravicensis Grun. (1882). — L. 0,168; B. 0,o27 mm. Terminal nodules very strong, at some distance from the ends, surrounded by short striz. Strie 6 to 9 in 0,01 mm.; their puncta 14 to 17 in 0,01 mm. — Cy. gastr. var. dubr. Gruy. Foss. D. Oster. Ung. p. 141 Pl. XXIX f, 30, Par. J Pl. XVI ff, 251. Fresh water: Hungary, fossil (Grun.). Var.? crassa Grun. (1882). — V. short and broad with rounded obtuse ends. L. 0,073; B. 0,024 mm. Median line strongly arcuate. Axial area narrow. Strie 6 or 7 (middle) to 9 (ends) in 0,01 mm. punctate; puncta 16 to 17 in 0,01 mm. The striz are on the ventral side crossed by a short depression. — Grun. Foss. D. Oster. Ung. Pl. XXIX f. 28. Fresh water: Hungary, fossil (Grun.). 176 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. Var. bengalensis Grun. (1875). — V. less asymmetrical, almost boat-shaped, with straight or slightly centrally gibbous ventral margins. Ends obtuse. L. 0,08 to 0,11; B. 0,024 to 0,027 mm. Median line slightly arcuate. Axial area linear, scarcely dilated around the central nodule. Strie 7,5 (middle) to 9 (ends) in 0,01 mm., coarsely punctate; puncta 12 to 13 in 0,01 mm. — C. beng. Grun. in A. 8S. Atl. IX f. 12, 13; LXXI f. 79. Kirron Linn. Soc. Bot. XX Pl. XLVIIT f. 6 (1884). Cr. M. D. N:o 194. Fresh water: Bengal! Socotra (Kitton). C. aspera is a very common species, easily recognized by its boat-shaped outline, its coarsely punctate striz and always distinct area. It appears to be more closely akin to C. Ehrenbergiw than to the boat-shaped C. lanceolata, C. Cistula ete. It seems questionable whether the var. crassa, which I have not seen, really belongs to C. aspera. It may possibly be more akin to C. Cistula. * C. salina Panr. (1889). — V. boat-shaped, with arcuate dorsal margin, straight ventral margin and obtuse ends. L. 0,0585; B. 0,018 mm. Median line arcuate. Axial area distinct linear, slightly dilated around the central nodule. Strie 12,5 to 13 in 0,01 mm. punctate. — Panr. II p. 40 PLIf. 9. Brackish water: Hungary, fossil (Pant.). This species is not known to me, but seems, to judge from the fig. in PanrocsEK’s work to be allied to C. aspera, from which it differs by smaller size and closer striz. 60. C. tumida Bris. (1849). — V. boat-shaped with slightly centrally gibbous ventral margin. Ends rostrate-truncate. LL. 0,05 to 0,1; B. 0,018 to 0,o22 mm. Median line arcuate. Axial area narrow, linear, suddenly dilated around the central nodule to an orbicular or sub- quadrate central area. A stigma with a fine fissure below the centralj nodule. Stria 8 or 9 (middle) to 10 or 12 (ends) in 0,01 mm., radiate, towards the ends almost parallel, distinctly punctate; puncta about 20 in 0,01 mm. — Coccon. tumidum Brus. in Kiitz Sp. Alg. p. 60. Cy. tum. V. H. Syn. p. 64 Pl. ID f. 10. Coce. gibbum A. 8. Probst. f. 17. Cy. stomatophora Grun. in A. 8. Atl X f. 28 to 30. Coccon. stomat. Grun. A. D. p. 26. Fresh water: Sweden (Westergétland, Géteborg)! Holstein (V. H. T.), Belgium (V. H.), Germany! France! Mouth of Jenissey! Japan! Bengal! New Zealand! Australia, Victoria! Ame- rica (Illinois, California)! Var. borealis Grun. (1880). — Ends obliquely truncate, not rostrate. Strize 8 in 0,01 mm. — Cocc. stomat. var. borealis Grun. A. D. p. 26. Fresh water: Sweden (Grun.), Niagara Falls! Var. gibba Grun. (1880). — Dorsal margin with 3 to 4 undulations. Strie 8 to 9 in 0,01 mm. — Coccon. stomat. var. gibba Grun. A. D. p. 26. Var. fossilis Grun. (1880). — V. with less rostrate and more rounded ends. Stigma with shorter fissure than in the type. — Coccon. stomat. var. fossilis Grun. A. D. p. 26. Fresh water: Habichtswald, fossil (Grun.). 61. C. australica A. S. (1875). — V. boat-shaped with centrally gibbous ventral margin and truncate or rounded obtuse ends. L. 0,1 to 0,14; B. 0,026 to 0,o3 mm. Median line arcuate. Axial area linear, suddenly dilated around the central nodule to an orbicular space. A stigma with a distinct fissure below the central nodule. Striz 7 (middle) to 9 (ends) in 0,01 mm. slightly radiate in the middle, parallel at the ends, coarsely punctate; puncta about 13 in 0,01 mm. — Coce. austr. A. S. Atl. X f. 34, 35. Cri. M. D. N:o 295. Fresh water: Australia! New Zealand! 62. C. punctifera Cr. N. Sp. — V. boat-shaped, with truncate ends. L. 0,13; B. 0,02 mm Median line arcuate; terminal fissures reflexed. Axial area linear, suddenly dilated to an orbicular central area. Stigma in the middle of the central nodule, without distinct fissure. Strie 8 in 0,01 KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. w:o 2. ie mm. a little closer towards the ends, where they are strongly radiate, distinctly punctate; puncta 15 in 0,01 mm. Fresh water: Oregon, fossil! 63. €. mexicana Eup. (1844). — V. Innate with rounded truncate ends. L. 0,09 to 0,14; B. 0,026 to 0,036 mm. Median line bent, with reflexed terminal fissures. Axial area’ narrow linear, central small, orbicular. Stigma in the middle of the central nodule, without distinct fissure. Striz 7 (middle) to 9 (ends) in 0,01 mm. radiate in the middle and alternately longer and shorter, nearly parallel at the ends, coarsely punctate. Puncta 12 to 13 in 0,01 mm. — Coccon. mexicanum Eup. Ber. 1844 p. 342. A. S. Atl. X f. 32, 33; LXXI f. 82. Cymb. kamtschatica Grun. in A. BS. Atl. X f. 31. Fresh water: Washington Territory! Vancouver Island! Mexico, Californa and Guatemala fossil! Kamtschatka! There is, so far I can see, no other difference between C. mexicana and C. kamtschatica than that the latter is somewhat smaller and has rather closer strie and puncta. 64. C. Janischii A. S. (1881). — V. lunate, with rounded ends. L. 0,2; B. 0,05 mm. Median line arcuate, with strong terminal nodules and reflexed terminal fissures. Axial area narrow, linear, slightly dilated around the central nodule. Stigma in the middle of the central nodule, without distinct fissure. Strie 8 to 9 in 0,01 mm., in the middle radiate and of unequal length, towards the ends almost transverse, distinctly punctate; puncta 10 to 12 in 0,01 mm. — Coce. Jan. A. 8S. Atl. LXXI f. 81. Fresh water: Pitt River, Oregon (Grove Coll.)! San Francisco (Atl.). Additional. C. conifera Brun (1893). — V. slightly asymmetrical, with arcuate dorsal and gibbous ventral margin. Ends apiculate. L. 0,04 to 0,05; B. 0,012 to 0,018 mm. Median line slightly arcuate, somewhat excentric. Axial area narrow, linear, not dilated around the central nodule. Strie 9 to 10 in 0,01 mm., slightly radiate throughout, coarsely punctate; puncta 20 in 0,01 mm. —- Hire. D. d’Auvergne p. 220 Pl. VI f. 7. Fresh water: Cantal, fossil! Species not described and too imperfectly figured to be admitted in the above monograph. . affinis Pant. III Pl. IV f. 52. austriaca var. fossilis Panr. III Pl. VIIT f. 133. — — _ var. latestriata Pant. IIT Pl I f. 9. Budayiana Pant. III Pl. XV f. 233 (C. Ehrenbergii var.?). a var. gracilior Pant. III Pl. XXIV f. 363. capitata Pant. III Pl. X f. 160. Cistula var. hungarica Pant. III Pl. III f. 40 (C. helvetica?). . Clementis Pant. III Pl. XX f. 303 (C. Cistula var.?). sail a Pant. III Pl. X f. 174. a var. producta Pant. IIT Pl. XXTIT f. 346. Gruincosi Pant. III Pl. XIX f. 283 (C. Cistula var. ?). helvetica var. fossilis Pant. III Pl. IX f. 158. . inflata Pant. TIT Pl. VI f. 95. Jimboit Pant. III Pl. VIII f. 130 (C. Cistula?). . Kockit Pant. III Pl. I f. 2 (C. Cistula var. maculata?). K. Sv. Vet. Akad. Hand. Band 26. N:o 2. ae QAaag 2 Aaa 178 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. C. lanceolata var. fossilis Pant. III Pl. XXIII f. 344. — — var. robusta Pant. III Pl. XXIII f. 350. C. marina Pant. III Pl. XIX f. 274 (Amphora angusta var.?). C. obtusa Pant. III Pl. V f. 79. C. pachyptera Pant. Pl. XXI f. 304, 316. C. Peragalli Pant. IIT Pl. XLII f. 584. C. perfecta Pant. III Pl. XVII f. 249 (C. cymbiformis var.?). C. plutonica Pant. IIT Pl. XX f. 297 (C. aspera var.?). C. preclara Pant. III Pl. XXXVI f. 512 (resembles C. lanceolata but has closer strie). C. Rakoczyana Pant. III Pl. VIII f. 121 (C. Cistula var. maculata?). C. simplex Pant. III Pl. XXI f. 308 (C. ventricosa?), C. Staubie Pant. IIT Pl. VUI f. 131 (C. leptoceras var.?). C. Szontaghit Pant. III Pl. X f. 161 (Amphora augusta var.?). C. suavis Panr. IIT Pl. XV f. 229 (akin to C. leptoceras?). C. turgida Pant. III Pl. VI f. 103 (C. parva?). C. valida Pant. IIT Pl. IX f. 154 (C. aspera var.?). C. vegeta Pant. III Pl. XXIV f. 359. Gomphonema Acarpn (1824). Valve more or less elongated, clavate, or asymmetrical to the transverse axis. Structure: transverse slightly radiate strie or rows of puncta. Connecting zone not complex, broader in the upper than in the lower end. Cell-contents a single chromatophore, leaving only a narrow parietal plasmaband along one side of the zone, deeply sinuose below the median line. On conjugation two auxospores are formed by two mother-cells, parallel to them. The plane of division of the primordial cell is at right angles to the plane of division of the mother-cells (Pritzzr Bau u. Entw. p. 88). The large G. geminatum was observed as early as 1773 by O. F. Mitrer, who named it Vorticella pyrarta. The genus Gomphonema was established 1824 by Acarpu for two species, and since then a large number of species have been formed by Eurenpere, Ktrzine and others, unfort- unately founded on trifling characteristics. For forms living, as Diadesmis, in bands of closely connected frustules, EHRENBERG created (1843) the genus Sphenosira. Kirzina founded (1844) the genus Sphenella for free-living forms and Rapenuorst (1853) the genus Gomphonella for forms, which live in gelatinous masses. HeEIBERG (1863) maintained, with justice, that these genera are not admissible, as they are founded on characteristics, which occur in the same species. An attempt to arrange systematically the known species of Gomphonema was made (1878), by Grunow in his description of the alge of the Caspian Sea, and since then he has given a number of most valuable figures in Van Heurcx’s Synopsis Plates XXIII, XXIV and XXV. As among them there are several species from America, which, while having the general outline of Gomphonema, differ in their structure, and in the presence of longitudinal lines, similar to those of Scoliotropis and Caloneis, I now exclude these forms, and place them in a separate genus Gomphoneis. Recently Brun has described, as G. cantalicum, a species, which seems to be allied to Gomphoneis, as it shews across the striz a longitudinal line, but the striation of this species is in all other respects quite different from that of Gomphoneis. The valve of Gomphonema is asymmetrical to the transverse axis, and is usually broader in the upper portion, with a wedge-shaped lower end. The central nodule is nearer to the upper end, or apex, than the lower, or basis. Many species are asymmetrical also to the longitudinal axis, but in a less visible degree, as Pritzur first pointed out, with a parallel asymmetry, like that of the Cymbelle. Some varieties are even slightly cymbelliform. In many species there is on one side of the central nodule an isolated punctum, or stigma, as in several Cymbelle, and in others KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 26. NO 2. 179 a unilateral row of stigmas. Grunow has formed for the species with stigmas the group Asym- metrica, and for those without stigmas the group Symmetrica, which names may in view of maintaining the analogy with the Cymbellie be adventageously changed to Stigmatica and Astig- matica. There is a great resemblance between the cell-contents of Gomphonema and Cymbella, the structure is the same in both genera, and they are no doubt nearly connected. We have in Cym. Beccarit Grun. a form, which is asymmetrical to the transverse axis, and, there are several other rymbelloid varieties of Gomphonema. Gomph. Cymbella Brun may be considered as an inter- mediate link between the two genera. The outline of the forms of Gomphonema is very variable, and older authors have paid too much attention to it in forming new species. There exist in the same species all possible transi- tions, from purely clavate, to strongly biconstricted forms, so that outline only cannot be regarded as a good specific distinction. Most species of Gomphonema inhabit fresh water, some brackish water, and there are also purely marine forms, the latter being all astigmatical. They are usually attached by dichotomously branched gelatinous stalks to alge, stones, leaves of water-plants etc. Some forms are inbedded in gelatinous masses, but frustules of attached species occur also occasionally free. Artificial key. I. Stigmatica. 1. ations stria alternately longer and shorter. .. se on 8 2. not —_— _ _— i ae ; SOR Uiethele Al a 3. 9, te 0,1 to 0,12 mm. , tea 8 aw 6 8 G. geminatum Lynes. L. 0,05 mm .. F : G. constrictum Ens. ; Axial area distinct or goed 4, 3. — — indistinct or narrow 7. 4 | Are linear as. ba a ke ee @ : eo PES eg eS 5. — lanceolate...... ae 4 i. 9¢ «6: 5. Ve subacute or apiculate. © ww . . G. validum Ct.. ‘ — broadly truncate... . oe 2S .. 2. G. Berggrenti Cu. 6. J Strie about 12 in 0,1 mm. : Re G. ventricosum GREG. \- -— 8 = So | s—t«= > » > Japan, 1000/, 12. C. sulcata GREV. — ee 5007 13. » » var. — Japan, 1000/ 14. Scoliopleura peels Gruy. — - Utah, 1000/, : 15. Diploneis bioculata var. vittata CL. — Ceylon, 850/, ‘ 16. Scoliotropis Gilliesii CL. (schematic) — Jamaica, °°°/; 17. Diploneis inscripta CL. — China, °°°/, 18. D. Letourneurii Ch. — Ceylon, *"/, belts Yad Oy 6: fe 19. D. fusca, var. Van Heurckii CL. — South Sea, 19°), 20. D. Schmidtii Cu. -- Galapagos Islands, °°°/, . 21. > » — Seychelles, */, . . : : 22. D. bomboides var. madagascarensis CL. — Madagascar, 500), 23. D. fusca var. japonica CL. — Sendai, ma ; 24. Navicula Ny Ch. —- Java, 109/, 25. Diploneis chinensis CL. — China, 500/, bom 4 26. D. bombiformis CL. — Macassar Straits, 1°/, 27. D. subovalis CL. — New Zealand, 1000/, 28. D. areolata CL. — S:ta Monica, */, . 29. D. Clepsydra CL. — Madagascar, 9%, . 30. Navicula lanta GRUN. — South Yarra, 500/, 31. Cistula Lorenziana GRUN. — Campeachy Bay, 1000/, 32, 33. Navicula mediterranea BRUN a. CL. — ‘Naples, 500/, PLT. 22 él. Vet. Akad. Handl. Bd.26. N Kon te ee a FIPPTMTIFSUNTALSGTESTIRATTTNT NN AACS - Ads E Ljustr. Gen. Stab. Lit. Anst. Sthim. Del. PT. Cleve Plate II. 1. Diploneis Microtatos var. Christiani T. C. — Maryland, 1%, . 2. D. domblittensis GRuN. — Lefra sj6, Sweden, 1°°/, 2 8. D. fusca var. oamaruensis CL. -— Oamaru, °° 4. D. Debyi var. elliptica CL. — Red Sea, 59°/, 5. D. Vespa Ch. — Java 100/, Z 6. D. Platessa CL. and GROVE — Macassar Straits, mh F 7. D. Szontaghii Pant. — Sumbava, 5/, he 8. D. Crabro var. Didelta CL. — Sumbava, *500/, 9. D. Crabro var. Pandurella CL. — China, °/, 10. D. Crabro var. hungarica CL. — Szdkal, °°/, . . 11. D. Crabro var. subelliptica CL. — Galapagos Islands, 500/, 12. D. Crabro var. O’Meari GRUN. — Macassar Straits, 300/, : 13. D. vagabunda BRuN. — S:n Pedro Calif., 59/, . : 14, D. biseriata var. lata CL. — Galapagos Islands, 500) 15. D. vagabunda Brun. — S:ta Monica, Calif., 500), : : 16. D. biseriata var. galapagensis CL. — Galapagos Islands 500) 17, 18. D. lesinensis GRUN. — Adriatic : 19. Tropidoneis solidula CL. — Rembang Bay, 5¥/, 20, 21. » > (parts of the valve) 109°/, 22. Auricula javanica CL. — Sumbava, °/,. . 23. A. pulchra GREV. — Macassar Straits, *°°/, PLATE II. PII. 2 2 Kongl: Vet. Akad. Handl. Bd.26. N = ep ; ify / i tad s clade pata AoC box IORI Ljustr. Gen.Stab. Lit. Anst.Sthlm. Plate ITI. PLATE III. 1. Tropidoneis Kinkeriana CL. — Sumbava, °°9/, 2. > > > (structure) 1000 3. T. lata CL. — Rembang Bay, °/,).... . A, > » (Part of the valve) 1000), i 5, 6. T. chinensis CL. -— China, */, . 7. > > > (part ‘of the valve) 1000) 8. T. longa Ch. — Finmark, °°/, . — 9, 10, 11. T. semistriata GRUN. — South Airea, 300), ; 12. Navienla Perrotettii GRUN. — Brazil, °/,. . 13. > Stodderi v. insignis GRUN. — Bengal, ‘300/ 14. > quarnerensis GRUN. — Sumatra, */, . 15. > (Stauroneis) Demeraree CL. — Demerara, *500/ 16. > hamulifera GRUN. — Balearic Islands */, . 17. > > » Barbados, 5°/, . 18. > » > (part of the valve) 1000) : : 19. > > > var. wees ae — - Japan, 300/, 20. Tropidoneis approximata CL. — Rembang aad 4 21. > > > (part of tlic iy 1000, 22,23. 3 adriatica CL. — Adriatic, 2°/, : . 24. » maxima var. decussata CL. — " Seychelles, 500/, ‘ ‘ 25. > > > > > direction of the strize » 26. Caloneis Frater CL. — Galapagos Islands, °°/, . 27. N. (Stauroneis) Phyllodes EHB. — Demerara, °/, 28. N. plicatula GRUN. — Naples, *°/, ep ms 29. N. Acus CL. — Balearic Islands, °%, . 30. > > > (parts of the valve) 1000/, 31. N. suavis CL. and GROVE. — Oamaru, °9/, . . 32. » » > > (parts of the valve), age 33. Caloneis adenensis CL. — Bab-el-mandeb, °°, . 34, e columbiensis CL. — Columbia River, at 35. N. Rho Ch. — Canton River, *%/,. . 36. N. portomontana CL. — Puerto Monte, 1000) , 37. Trachyneis aspera var. perobliqua CL. — Macassar Straits, a 38. T. Johnsoniana GREV. — Sendai, 5/, . . . ede se 39, 40. Caloneis Wardii CL. — Connecticut, 500) 41. > > > (part of he valve) 1000/ » 42, C. bottnica CL. — Pited, 19/, 60. 51. Pant II. 112, 192. 193. 57. » 61. PLIM. Kongl. Vet. Akad. Handl. Bd26.N22 eee emmintl AU IE Anim an lim, (yy str. Gen.Stab. Lit. Anst.SthIm. Ljus Plate IV. C. C. C. C. PLATE IV. Caloneis Liber var. Bleischiana JAN. and RABH. — Nice, a eximia GRUN. —- Cebu, */, clavigera CL. — Colon, 500 Dasenii CL. — Cameroon, O00 2 latiuscula var. africana Ct. — Oaweroon, 500), ; C. abnormis GRUN. — Lysekil, 1°°9/, Navicula H. album CL, — China, 5°°/, aaa Ses Qa tryy /y > > » (part of the valve) ah Ypsilon Ch. — Bory, 5, . ; clavata var. rhombica CL. — Moroceo, 300) . venustissima KITTON — Hongkong, 5°°/, . irrorata var. elliptica CL. — Hungary, 300) . Hennedyii var. Centraster CL. — Mexillones, 500), ; leurosigma majus GRUN. — Sumatra, ?%/, . . galapagense CL. — Galapagos Islands, 300) Exsul CL. — Naples, */, . . formosum var. Arcus CL. — Macassar Straits, 500), 4 . minutum GRUN. — Malmé, °°°/, Heros CL. — Macassar Straits, 225) formosum var. dalmatica GRUN. — Balearic Islands, 225/, . umbilicatum CL. — Labuan, *°/ a mbella hybrida GRUN. — Faron, 1000 Hauckii VAN HEURCK — Triest, 10007 oregonica CL. — Oregon 120/, : aenrieeula CL. — Waltham Mase meh . lata GRUN. — Pitea, 100/, . . lapponica GRUN. — Gellivaara, 1000 /, 61. PLIV. ce avi KAMA Iw ER a pa 2 S Kongl. Vet. Akad. Handl. Bd.26. N Ljustr. Gen. Stab. Lit. Anst.Sthim Plate V. PLATE V. Page. Fig. 1. Cymbella inelegans CL. — Pitt River, 1°/, . . ad hd Gre tins + che Sy ahs TUBB: » 2. C. Stuxbergii CL. — Jenissey, 1°/, . Oh Sr ated the ps 6 : ae 4a ae, PTB » 8,4. C. Jordani GRuN. — Otago, New Zealand, 1000/, eg ise Geek ; Lee 169. » 5. Navicula Lunula Ch. — Java, 100%), . by al eee etidiem Gry Gn Seen Part ll. » 6, 7. Gomphonema Berggrenii CL. — New Zealand, 1000/, : f Bao ; vod ciel & UES5: » §. G. validum CL. var. elongata CL. — Demerara, 300/, oy Ok ced ae cy » 185. » 9. G. validum CL. — Demerara, °%/,. . . eo gords a ie : 2. 185. » 10. G. oxycephalum CL. — Demerara, °°, . ae . ne eB, » 11, 12. G. Salinarum Pant. — Riigen, 1/, . : : 9) P84, » 18. G. ventricosum var. maxima CL. — Pitt River, 1000/, : ere » 14. Navicula Bacillum EHB. var. lepida GRUN. — Lojo Finland, 1000), woe. ae AB » 15. N. auklandica GRUN. — Port Jackson, 19/,. . . oS 4 , .. . 156. » 16. N. inelegens GROVE & STURT var. Oamaru, 5000 : , avvateae aby » 17. N. gibbula CL. — Spitsbergen, 19°/, . : . eee 140. » 18. N. Lundstrémii var. Frieseana GRUN. — Finmark, *1000/, . 140. » 19. N. Lambda CL. — Demerara, 1°/, : ; eee sa @ « “136; » 20. N. monmouthiana GRUN. — Monmonth, 1000/, caer Sou ie Aa » 21. N. Kappa CL. — Oamaru, 10%/, . ; oy es wee 184. » 22. N. lota CL. — Madagascar, 300) ; ie dod shoe TBA: » 23. > > » (structure) 1000), : oe ee eS ae Ss » 24. N. definita GROVE & STURT var. intermedia Che = Oamaru, hd ee : ‘ 2g @ 4: BBBS » 25. » » > > » (structure) ION ma i a a » 26. N. obliqua GREG. — Windermere, /, 2. 2... 2 2. ‘ bc i oe Ge BO, » 27. N. fallax Ch. -- Oamaru, *%/, . hes 213 Py : erie 135. » 28. Stenoneis inconspicua GREG. — Balearic Islands, 1000, hao GRSMA s ae . . 124. » 29. Frustulia vulgaris var. asymmetrica CL. — Newark, 00s : oe ee : oe Ww a a. 122: » 830. Navicula Beta CL. — Japan, 199/, . boo : ‘ Deke Hind . 135. » 81. Dietyoneis snbconstricta CL. — Madagascar, 500), De Fiip ei oP ee: , ko te, asa ; 31. » 82. D. jamaicensis GREV. — Alexandria . . = ote 3 : ‘ ~ 80. » 33. D. Thumii Cu. — China, *9/). . . toa tothe st Hurdh. SREDRY Seas BI » 84. D. naviculacea CL. — Pensacola, ene : ee ee ; ; ye Bee BO, » 35. D. jamaicensis var. gigantea CL. —- Oamaru, 500/, so pe eh ee et : ; : . 80. » 36. > > > > (structure) 10/,. 2. 2, fet F be Bsc 18 » PLY. aye B. Konégl. Vet. Akad. Handl. Bd.2¢ ASL nN) Nwuinig gy miner) tmnt .) ‘ / ry ( 1. Se MUTE AA Tuya oy are —— Peer trernereman inn inn htfitiieitht Ubpedesbsegeseinie Queens Leif] dj | UY, e KONGL. SVENSKA VETENSKAPS-AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. Bandet 27. N:o 3. SYNOPSIS OF Corrigenda. Page 19, line 4 and 5, instead of A. incerta read A. insecta Page 23, line 7, instead of Tropidoneis concerta read Tropido- neis conserta STOCKHOLM 1895. KUNGL. BOKTRYCKERIET. P. A. NORSTEDT & SONER. i * KONGL. SVENSKA VETENSKAPS-AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR, Bandet 27. N:o 3. SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS BY P. T. CLEVE. PART II. WITH 4 PLATES. RESENTED To THE R. SWEDISH ACADEMY OF SCIENCES MAY 10, 1893. STOCKHOLM 1895. KUNGL. BOKTRYCKERIET. P. A. NORSTEDT & SONER. % Navicule Minuscule Ctr. Valve small, broadly lanceolate to elliptical, slightly silicious. Areas indistinct. Structure slightly radiate, very fine or indistinct strie. Connecting zone not complex. The species of this group are usually of extremely small size, and live in fresh or salt water. Artificial key. =| Marine species .. . eo eae ieene> wep Fresh-water species .. . . Pe ee eee ce a : . 3. 9. es elliptical . . vi RE N. debilissima Gron. lanceolate . . i . F . WN. bahusiensis Gruy. 3, oe coarse (17 in 0,01 mm.) Brite §eee . .N. lucidula Gron. — fine (30 and more in 0,01 mm.) . a a ; 4, 4. asses elliptical . . : mie Gi hes — be oth te eo eb 5. lanceolate . . pecaes ala tatitn at Sie gatas a oes 78s 5. roe indistinct . . . A 8 tuchr bed Ronn? ng N. pelliculosa Bris. about 30 in 0,01 mm. tea), sds aaah te dae hs as ‘ Bh ai ludloviana A. 8. Vateces @ Kae 2 Gr ek. | ee Re ae ae ee 8. oe not newilidie to Be MMAUSID se sis oie ay bo Rae de Gey a ee Nw, ald N. subalata Grun. TEACHING?) “be ah) cage Sindy here me -Gyerguci dele Ehlah he dees oO: HMGSObtsEo° ayia em ee Ble dla pike ape eAeow a Ge hm Goes 10. a acute. ca Ta eee Shams ae Ne pease. Be aD Gey ae may die wreedads docu Savi Gain . 14. 10. roe broad, rounded. . ... Sats gy pRLS ot elo Fi, dene sey en Ses den eey Che Ay dh eps 11. —— MOL Weny bKOad.... 6 ao. wm a gis o RA ow eee G a «= 1: LL ang area gradually dilated to the middle . . ee a .. . WV. jamalinensis Cu. — abruptly — — a central area. ee . . .N. opima Gron. 12. i small. L. about 0,05 mm. : RR 8 ; Bide. shod RLU CEE S 13. — large. L. about 0,1 mm. . . a ee” ... . . .M. distans W. Sm. 13. ve area lanceolate SARE Cis werwieehis gia oie Teas al away. da ; N. Niceensis Per. — abruptly dilated into an orbicular central area ... . MN. salva A. 8. 14. i radiate throughout. =... 01. we ee N. Platessa Cu. transverse in the ends. ee | hkwa ak Be ee Advoacax . ae ALD: 15. pane crossed by a blank band. . . i whee 442i . . N. Bruchii Grun. not — — Scr atte da GRAY a ae . N. Amicorum Gruy. 16. Ve Tadiate s§- «ge ceo He eee a oe Oo ee fe he ae 17. parallel... .. 1% oe > Help ad ae Re BARS 82. 17. — strie parallel or coRRRERD blis fy At Rhy eee nS aenaen st RRL 18. — radiate. ... : page Ee ele eho ee & 54. 18. 4 eons strie crossed by a — band Ske 8 .. . NM. annulata Gron. — not — —_ — crac, ahieG ; bigs 19. 19. ee strie genuflexed . i cigs eel SPs N. ca Kurz. — not — bts ; 20. 20. marae crossed by lateral areas or be narrow tie ands Fae oe : i ao aL 21. ee oan of unequal length. . . me Oe ae ee , . 22. equal = sag 4 ‘ eke ; 36. 29, ro fancclt, rostrate-capitate . . : ae ewe Ae tnme $208 not — — ‘ : ‘ We . 28. 23, es acute... 1... Aiee ded: Lgl gon: Gece) Op eberoe G 24. obtuse «3.4 6% 4 as - % See wokw ge ae a 26. od. feels strie alternately longer and shorter RE POR ROM eens N. Salinarum v. intermedia. — shorter than the others... ........050 50004 N. notabilis Pant. Strie fine, 20 in 001 mm. ... .. , . . N. bottinica Grun. 25. ee coarse, 8 to 9 mm. : ba BERS ce gh GR ee we 26. 26. oo coarsely lineate . ..... se ios cect ee finely — . : ; : N. digites -radiata GREG. 97. a Strie 7 in Qo1mm......... oF .. NN. peregrina Exs. ae Nisa ot ashe Aap sie ene iy de aReaeNS N. Reinhardtii Gaon. 98. {rma strie strongly convergent tee. NM. Walezekit Grun. — parallel. .... ‘ a ee F 29. 29. ag 0,025 to 0037 mm. .. .... ‘ oom x me Salinarum Gruyn. O15 mm . ...... ro le eae Gk N. Rho Cu. 30. ee Ce crossed by a lateral area... .. . : i or Abs Aye . Bl. — two or more blank bands. - 8 F .. 84, 31. ag obtuse . . Sade ac xadian ates : 32. CULES. yore. cobs Se Sg Be ga ee ow E(k : . . 83. 30. ete linear, with rounded ends ..... oe. Gh Bo Gets NV. obtusa Cu. lanceolate... 6 . «ao we ER eS .... N. Haueri Gron. 33. fo area unilateral. ......... ' N. Anthracis Br. a. Cu. areas bilateral... . 1... ae ‘ N. Bruchit Gruy. 34 Longitudinal bands two on each side . . . 4 eee 35. : \ _ — several ee a a ‘ N. Tuscula Bus. 1 Conf. N. basalte proxima Br. and N. aquitanie Br. (additional). 12 : pie Le | | ie He) oe ie a ae a ce ie ae oe a Le a ee ve " ie a fe re i fe = Pp. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. Central area small or in — orbicular Size small. L. 0,015 to distinct .... eae cm a ha 0Oo4 mm... ay SARs itt — large. L. 0,05 mm. and more. . Strie 14 in 0,01 mm. . — 6 to 10 mm. a strie rere not oss Ends obtuse. acute iy ga aw 4 subcapitate Strie coarsely lineate . — apparently smooth... . Valve rhomboidal elliptic-lanceolate Terminal strie strongly — not — Ends protracted . nob — «+ % 4s Central area distinct . — not— .. Marine habitat ... Fresh water — fe Strie coarsely lineate finely _ Marine habitat. . : Fresh water — . : Valve narrow lanceolate, broadly _ Valve not very convex . Ends ees elevated and multiseriata GRun. N. maculosa Donk. 37. . N. cincta Ex. ea eee aon Mee oe es we ee) .N. Beckit Pant. N. ammophila Grun. N. cryptocephala Kirz. 41. 42. .N. Raphoneis Grun. N. Formentere Cu. WArKed! 4-.g0dw aoe ee | ea es N. hungarica Grun. N. costulata Grun. eatin oor 52. bioxice teat, Sy, Gusts to Bedy tie dlan Rotman. | ed fl adieil Ad NV. spuria Cu. not very convex... 6 1 ee eee eee N. radiosa Kirz. Big Uy Rue bo VP tecnico ae ENN sc sal hh Oa See ae is at 47. N. vulpina Kirz. N. pinnata Pant. CONVER: G- -4 owe k eo abn eres . N. fortis Gruc. $9 Gh By Te De OS BOs Se “ia Roc See he aE es N. avenacea Bris. convex, with conical ends .. 1... 1. ee 50. compressed «1... ee N. compressicauda A. 8. ae ia ts A 51. ere area small . — large... Ends subrostrate, obtuse non-rostrate Ends subcapitate . BOULC: Th) .ch ta re whet: echeby Oeste ch Pat N. Galea Brun Non-apiculate ...... . el pay Hae om Se A ee ee 59. Axial We of the valve elevated ie eee Lge Rh ae es NV. superimposita A. 8. SOEs eR) eases inn ean N. Phi Cu. Blank lines stveignt Bede eeciete sitodst dia dus Seu va ok. A daemons N. arata Gron. = fundulating.ce Ga GRA Yee eae a | Ub ee eee 61. Axial area unilateral. 2 = 6 23 fA be we BR | Hh ee RR we 62. areas bilateval cc cocg osu eR ae ek St 63. Valve slightly convex . very _— ‘ Valve slightly convex . very — ; Be epee dee “ee eles tae Sox ety aa ad sameeren arse N. cancellata Donx. . N. Centraster Cu. . N. viridula Kirz. Pt hy wees 53. N. rhynchocephala Kitz. N. imperfecta Cu. .N. monodon Grun. . N. consors A. S. . N. guttata Garon. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74, 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 1 ie te Le i i= te Ee i {5 L- Ve i \ ae i= = ce jee es = ie Vos = [= ae ve KONGL. Valve rostrate. ..... non — SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. Median striae alternately lowes and ve — not — a = Strie coarsely lineate finely _ Central area with stein — without — Strie about 9 in O”o1mm...........-.-00048 ah Of, ar Valve linear . boa lanceolate to elliptical Ra Valve very convex. ..... not — .. ‘ : Strie coarsely lineolate . finely = Central area small. ...... — large Median strie alternately longer and shorter — not — _ Size small. L. 0,02 mm.. . — larger. L. 0,06 to 0,1 mm. 2,5 to 4 times longer than broad 5to6 — — - = Central area small or indistinct... . 1... .... 0.008. — medium sized or lar Ends conical not — Strie slightly eadiats strongly — Fresh water habitat .... Marine Strie coarse 5 to 6 in 0,01 mm. finer 10 in 0,01 mm... . Strie coarsely lineate finely _ Size small, — larger. L. more _ Strie 15 in 0,01 mm. 22 to 23 mm. BOs: 6: wy ak oo et L. less than 0,03 mm. Lineole forming longitudinal strie not — a _ Frustules in gelatinous tubes . — the interior of alge... Frustule arcuate not—... Strie crossed by lateral areas or not — = aes = Strie coarsely lineate finely _ Lineole seats abEque or longi Valve vey convex . Valve Loire symmetrical. . . Frustule arcuate . not -— Valve linear lanceolate or rhomboidal . plank bands... . tudinal fine strie .... BAND 2%. w:o 8. 65. S a sta a pide tay .. 66. 69. np rales as eek ee ce og ROS Sem, aha ee a ea ae “Bgl & a ge 67. Se Ba i aie AS a GE OR or twee ah bee ee a 68. . N. Clementis Groun. N. leptostigma Eup. . N. Gastrum Exp. N. platystoma Ens. N. falaisiensis Gron. eA tee 70. N. crucifera Gaun. egies We Placentula Exs. Se 72. “ N. anglica Raurs. _ NV. dicephala W. Sm. 76. ee ae eae ace AAS N. arenarieformis Pay. i) ie the Sass Sn SE ee 75. . N. valida Cu. a. Grun. N. Hasta Pant. oo Be he A ee 80. N. inflexa Gree. ip eae. ap Os N. arenicola Grun. Soe eae boy ag: AO: N. lanceolata Kirz. de Ss N. solaris Grue. dd UE oa keg BS . Sl. » 4... NM. oviformis Cx. N. pennata A. 8. . N. consanguinea Cu. N. mollis W. Sm. N. incerta Grun. . NV. corymbosa Ac. . N. nidulans Cu. N. sibirica Grun. 87. 89. N. Gadhenlans i 8. mya tee ie 92. . . N. Cubitus Br. a. Temp . N. Northumbrica Donk. - 2. .. WN. jejuna A. §. hice he ERR a ES 94. 13 14 Pp. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. Habitat: fresh-water... . . aoa Se aot . .N. gracilis Ens. 94. { ao oe Marine. . Bee . et ‘ - 5 a's sles JE . A 3 to 4 times longer than broad. . fog Cy Seg carpet SERIE iano di 96. . )4t0o6 — — —- -— . we. ; . . N. transitans Cu. mee ; A 7 —- —- SS we, oH. nih . . N. Zostereti Grun. _ _— Seo RE pte! cw ad ina : . . N. directa W. 8m. 96. [a rhomboidal. ........ eRe. OR . . N. superba Cu. lanceolate... i ee we : ... . M. gelida Gron. | Strie between the margin and the axis faint ......... diy ade po ahah Hee ees 97. unilaterally crossed by an area... .. lie Bs WL Sie Ded . 99. Ie — crossed by undulating, blank bands. «©... . 0 7 ww ee .. . 100. 98. ete nodule a short stauros . 6 ww ee ee . NV. finmarchica Cu. a. GRUN. not stauroid . . . .N. transitans v. derasa (N. kariana v. detersa). 99, ag about ut times longer than broad ......... . . N. directa v. Incus. — 5t06 -—- ~—- — ..... 2 N. transitans v. ineudiformis. ' Valve very convex... e Gk> agente, eee Bea . 101. ae ee not 2 F op i e. Ghali AL Beilin Cee sees . . 102. 101. ae fusiform pare Seeh Ads Bilge! oh eae Blam & ae . N. vitriscala Broun. linear’ cg ae Se ee Be Be ee Pa es . N. mediterranea Br. a. Cu. 102. ae linear with cuneate ends... . .. .. su. . NV. trigonocephala Cu. lanceolate. ...... 3 ‘ : . NN. transitans v. erosa. 108. gis oblique . . ... & 8 .. 2. . NN. Kepesit Grun. straight. aw COR RO .. . 104, 104 eS narrow lanceolate... 1.00 1 ee ee N. ramosissima Ac. : — broadly — ..... ea. id . . .N. Kariana Gron. 1. N. cryptocephala Kurz. (1844). — V. lanceolate, with rostrate-capitate ends. lL. 0,025 to 0,035; B. 0,005 to 0,007 mm. Axial area indistinct. Central area small, somewhat transverse. Striz 16 to 18 in 0,01 mm., radiate in the middle, slightly convergent iu the ends, finely lineate. — Bac. p. 95 Pl. III f. 26. Donx. B. D. p. 37 Pl. V f. 14. V. H. Syn. p. 84 Pl. VIII f. 1, 5. Nav. mutica Rasy. Alg. Sachs. N:o 965. Fresh water: Sweden! England! Belgium (V. H.), Germany! France! Arctic America! Green- land! Argentina! Japan! Var. veneta Kitz. (1844). — Smaller, with scarcely capitate ends. L. 0,025; B. 0,005 mm. Strie 14 in 0,01 mm. — WN. veneta Ktrz. Bac. p. 95 Pl. XXX f. 76. Pedicino Ischia Pl. II f. 9 to 12? Donk. B. D. p. 48 Pl. VI f. 13? MN. crypt. v. veneta V. H. Syn. p. 85 Pl. VIII f. 3, 4, Pl. XIV f. 34. Brackish water: Sweden, Malm6! Venice (Kiitz). Var. pumila Grun. (1880). — V. rhombic-lanceolate. L. 0,016 to 0,023; B. 0,006 to 0,007 mm. Strie about 15 in 0,01 mm. — V H. Syn. Pl. VIII f. 6, 7, XIV f. 35. WN. Rhombulus Scuum. P. D. IT N. p. 56, Pl. IL f. 35 (1867)? WN. Lancettula Scuum. P. D. II N. Pl. II f. 34. N. cryptoc. v. Lancettula V.H. Syn. Pl. VIITf 11. N. pumela v. fossilis Pant. III Pl. V f. 75 (1893)? Brackisch water: Triest! Var. perminuta Grun. (1880). — V. lanceolate, not capitate. L. 0,008 to 0,011; B. 0,003 mm. Striz about 20 in 0,01 mm. — V. H. Syn. Pl. XIV f. 7. Var. exilis Kirz (1844 p. p. accord. to Grunow). -— V. lanceolate, with subrostrate, obtuse ends. L. 0,018 to 0,019; B. 0,005 mm. Striee about 19 in 0,01 mm. — V. H. Syn. p. 85 Pl. VIII f. 2, 4. Fresh water: Belgium (V. H.), Somme! Triest! 2. N. gotlandica Grun. (1878). — V. narrow, lanceolate, with protracted, subacute ends. L. 0,05 to 0,06; B. O,oo8 mm. Axial area indistinct; central area small, orbicular. Striz 14 (middle) to 18 (ends) in 0,01 mm. radiate in the middle, convergent in the ends. — Cu. M. D. N:o 161. V. H. Syn. Pl. VIII f. 8. Slightly brackish water: Sweden, Gothland! Tasmania! 'N. irregularis Pant. N. superba v. elliptica, KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 2¢. Nn:0 3. 15 3. N. rhynchocephala Kirz (1844). — V. lanceolate, with protracted, usually subcapitate ends. L. 0,04 to 0,06; B. 0,01 to 0,013 mm. Axial area indistinct. Central area orbicular. Strize 10 to 12 in 0.01 mm., in the middle radiate and more distant, convergent at the ends, coarsely lineate. — Bac. Pl. XXX f. 35. W. Sm. B. D. Pl. XVI f. 132. Donx. B. D. p. 38 Pl. VI f. 4. Grun. A. D. p. 33 Pl. IT f. 33. V. H. Syn. p 84 Pl. VIL f 31. WN. eryptoc. v. rhynchoc. Strosse Kliecken Pl. I f. 3. Fresh or slightly brackish water: Finmarken! Sea of Kara! Gulf of Bothnia! Sweden! Belgium (V. H.), Saxony! Cape Deschneff! Arctic America! Dakota! Illinois! South Africa! Au- stralian Alps! Var. amphiceros Kiirz (1844). — V. broader lanceolate. Ends not distinctly capitate. Striz 8 to 10 in 0,01 mm. — N. amph. Kirz. Bac. p. 95 Pl. JID f. 39. A. 8. Atl. XLVIT f. 25, 26. V. H. Syn. p. 84 Pl. VII f. 30. Brackish water: Gulf of Bothnia! England! Belgium (V. H.), Sandwich Islands! N. rhynchocephala and var. amphiceros pass into each other; the latter graduates into N. avenacea and N. viridula, the former is closely connected with N. eryptocephala. 4. N. avenacea Bris. (1878), — V. lanceolate, with acute ends. L. 0,04 to 0,05; B. 0,008 to 0,o1 mm. Axial area indistinct; central area orbicular, large. Striz 10 or 12 (middle) to 13 (ends) in 0,01 mm., finely lineate, radiate in the middle, slightly convergent in the ends. — Grun. Caspian Sea Alg. IV f. 23. NW. viridula v. av. V. H. Syn. p. 84 Pl. VII f. 27. Pinnul. silesiaca Buietscu (according to Grun.). Schizonema Smithii (Ac.) V. H. Syn. p. 110 Pl. XV f. 33. Brackish water: Falaise (Bréb.), England! Belgium (V. H.), Black Sea! Caspian Sea (Grun.), East Cape! Tasmania! N: avenacea connects N. viridula with N. rhynchocephala. 5. N. viridula Kitz (1844). — V. broadly lanceolate, with subrostrate, obtuse ends. L. 0,05 to 0,07; B. 0,01 to 0,015 mm. Axial area indistinct. Central area large, orbicular. Strie 10 in 0,o1 mm., coarsely lineate, radiate and more distant in the middle, slightly convergent in the ends. — Bac. p. 91 Pl. XXX f. 47. Grun. A. D. p. 33 Pl. II f. 85. V. H. Syn. p. 84 Pl. VII f. 25. Schizonema Thwaitesii V. H. Syn. Pl. XV f. 38, 39. | Fresh and slightly brackish water: Sweden! England! Belgium (V. H.), Finland! Salzburg! Sandwich Islands! — Australian Alps! Murray River! — Arctic America! Var. slesvicensis Grun. (1880). — V. linear-lanceolate, with broad, rostrate ends. IL. 0,03 to 0,05; B. 0,009 to 0,011 mm. Striea 8 to 9 in 0,01 mm. — WN. sles. Grun. in V. H. Syn. p. 84 Pl. VII f. 28, 29. WN. virid. f. minor A. S. Atl. XLVI f. 48. V. H. Syn. p. 84 Pl. VII fi 26. Pinnul. silesiaca Fresenius Senckenb. Abh. IV, Pl. IV f. 27. Brackish water: Finland! Holstein! Belgium (V. H.), Greenland! , Var. abbreviata Grun. Ms. — V. linear, with rostrate and subcapitate ends. L. 0,016 to 0,03; B. 0,0055 to 0,oo7 mm. Central area small. Striz 16 to 17 in 0,01 mm. Brackish water: Gulf of Bothnia, Torneaé! South Africa! Bengal! Var. rostellata Kiirz (1844). — V. lanceolate, with attenuated, subrostrate ends. L. 0,04 to 0.065; B. 001 mm. Striz 10 to 11 in 0,01 mm. — WN. rost. Kiirz Bac. p. 95 Pl. Ill f. 65. A. S Atk XLVII f. 27 to 30. N. rhynchoc. v. rost. Grun. A. D. p. 83. V. H. Syn. p. 84 PL VII f. 23, 24. Brackish water: England! Belgium (V. H.), Marseilles (Atl.), East Cape! Japan! The variety rostellata is a transitional form between N. viridula and N. amphirhynchus var. amphiceros. 6. N. yulpina Kirz (1844). — V. lanceolate, gradually tapering from the middle to the obtuse ends. L. 0,09; B. 0,014 to 0,o16 mm. Axial area very narrow; central area large, orbicular. Strie 10 to 11 in 0,01 mm., radiate in the middle, convergent in the ends, coarsely lineate; lineole 16 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. 24 in 0,01 mm. forming longitudinal, fine rows. — Kitz Bac. p. 92 Pl. III f. 43. V. H. Syn. p. 88 Pl. VII f. 18. WN. viridula forma major A. 8. Atl. XLVII f. 53, 54. Fresh water: Sweden! Finland! Ireland (Lough Mourne)! Domblitton, fossil! Arctic Ame- rica! Greenland! Michigan! New Zealand! Var. oregonica Ci. — Linear with broad, truncate ends. L. 0,095; B. 0,013 mm. Strie 11 in 0,01 mm. — A. 8. Atl. XLVII f. 55, 56 (without name). Fresh water: Oregon, fossil! 7. N. costulata Grun. (1880). — V. rhombic-lanceolate, with acute ends. L. 0,015 to 0,02; B. 0,0045 to 0,005 mm. Axial area narrow; central area a transverse fascia. Strie 8 to 10 in 0,01 mm., slightly divergent in the middle, distant. Terminal striae not more strongly marked than the others. — A. D. p. 27. V. H. Syn. p. 85 Suppl. A. f. 15. Gru. Foss. D. Ost. Ung. p. 156 Pl. XXX f. 45. Slightly brackish water: Sweden (Gulf of Bothnia)! Holstein (Grun.), Belgium (V. H.). 8. N. hungarica Gruy. (1860). — V. linear lanceolate, with broad, obtuse ends. L. 0,015 to 0,02; Br. 0,005 to 0,006 mm. Axial area very narrow; central area small. Striz 8 to 9 in 0,01 mm., distant, slightly divergent in the middle and convergent in the ends, where there are on both sides of the terminal nodule one or two more strongly marked strie. — Pinnul. pygmea Ens. M. G. X:1 f 9 (1854). Nav. hungurica Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 539 PL. LIT f. 30. Foss. D. Oster. Ung. p. 156 Pl. XXX f. 42. A. D. p. 97. Slightly brackish water: Gulf of Bothnia (Torned)! Holstein! Franzenbad (fossil)! Neusiedler- see (Grun.), Dakota! [linois! Ecuador! Argentina! Var. capitata Kup. (1848), — V. gibbous in the middle and with subcapitate ends. — Pinn. capit. Eup. Ber. 1848 (accord. to Chase) M. G. XXXVII1: 3 f. 9; XXXV A. If. 4. Pinn. signata Eup. M. G. XXXIV 6 A. f. 7 (1854). Pinn. garganica Rasy. Sissw. D. VI f. 41 (1853). Nav. inflata W. Sm. B. D. I Pl. XVII f. 158 (1853). Nav. globiceps Laast. Spitsb. D. p. 27 Pl. IT f. 5 (1873). Nav. humilis Donx. B. D. p. 67 Pl. X f. 7 V. H. Syn. p. 85 PL XI f. 23. Fresh water: Beeren Eiland (Lagst.), Sweden; England! Belgium (V. H.). Japan! Var. liineburgensis Grun. (1882). — V. lanceolate, with subacute ends. — Foss. D. Oster. Ung. p. 156 Pl. XXX f. 48—44. Brackish water: Finmark (Tana Elf)! Holstein (Grun.), Germany (Domblitten, Oberrohe, fossil)! Bombay (Grun.). The var. liineburgensis is very similar to Nav. costulata. Probably Gomphonema navicu- loides Strése Kliecken D. Pl. I f. 18 is this form. 9. N. cineta Enp. (1854). — V. linear-lanceolate, with obtuse ends. L. 0,02 to 0,04; B. 0,005 to 0,006 mm. Axial area indistinct; central area small, transverse. Strie 12 to 17 in 0,01 mm. strongly radiate in the middle, slightly convergent at the ends. The median striz are more distant and more strongly marked than the others. — Pinnul. cincta Eup. M. G. X: 2 f. 6. NV. cincta V. H. Syn. p. 82 Pl. VII f. 13, 14. P. Heuflert Pedicino Ischia Pl. IL f.17. N. Kiitzingiana H. L. Suirn Am. Q J. M. 1878 p. 13 f. 3. Pinnul. nana Gree. accord. to Grun. A. S. N. 8. D. ID f. 23, 24 (without name)? Fresh and brackish water: Sweden! Finland! Holstein! England! Belgium (V. H.), Bavaria! Switzerland! Hast Cape! Japan! N. America, Kansas! Vancouver Island! Var. Heufleri Grun. (1860). — L. 0,022 to 0,032; B. 0,004 mm. Central area small. Strize 10 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. Heufleri Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 528 Pl. III f. 32. N. cineta v. Heufl. V. H. Syn. p. 82 Pl. VIT f. 12, 15. Fresh and brackish water: Sweden (Malmé)! Belgium (V. H.), Triest! Ecuador! KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 2¢. N:0 3. ilk Var. leptocephala Bris. (1880). — V. lanceolate, with slightly rostrate and obtuse ends. L. 0,025; B. 0,006 mm. Striz 13 in 0,01 mm. — N. leptoceph. Brus. in Kiitz Herb. accord. to Grun. V. H. Syn. p. 82 Pl. VII f. 16. Belgium (V. H.). Var. Cari Ens. (1838). — V. narrow lanceolate. L. 0,046; B. 0,007 mm. Central area distinct, transverse. Strie 17 in 0,01 mm. — N. Cari Eup. Inf. p. 174. M. G. XID f. 20. V. H. Syn. VII f. 11. Fresh water: Habichtwalde, fossil (Ehb.), Australia, Daintree River! Var. angusta GRuN. (1860). — V. linear-lanceolate, obtuse. L. 0,05 to 0,065; B. 0,005 to 0,oo6 mm. Central area distinctly transverse. Strie 12 to 13 in 0,01 mm. — JN. angusta Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 528 Pl. V f. 19. N. Cari v. ang. V. H. Syn. Pl. VIZ f. 17. Fresh water: Austrian Alps (Grun.), Vosges (Lac de Gerardmer)! Ecuador! N. Cari connects N. cincta with N. radiosa and might as well be regarded as a variety of the latter, distinguished principally by its somewhat transverse central area. 10. N. radiosa Kirz (1844). — V. narrow, lanceolate, gradually tapering from the middle to the subacute ends. L. 0,045 to 0,09; B. 0,012 to 0,019 mm. Axial area indistinct. Central area very small, rhomboidal. Striz 11 to 12 in 0,01 mm. strongly radiate in the middle and con- vergent at the ends, finely lineate. — Bac. p. 91 Pl. IV f. 23. Pinn. radiosa and P. acuta W. Sm. B. D. p. 56 Pl. XVIII f. 171, 173. N. radiosa Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 526. A. S. Atl. XLVII f. 50 to 52. V. H. Syn. p. 83 Pl VII f. 20. Pinn. acuta Strése Klieken f. 2. Fresh water: Spitsbergen (Lagerst.), Sweden! Norway! Finland! England! France! Switzer- land! Saxony! Japan! South Africa! [linois! Michigan! Brazil! Argentina! Ecuador! Var. dubravicensis Grun. (1882). — V. broadly lanceolate. L. 0,072 to 0,085; B. 0,011 mm. Strie 13 in 0,01 mm., more distant in the middle, distinctly lineate; lineole 25 in 0,01 mm. — F. D. Ost. Ung. p. 144 Pl. XXX f. 49. NW. Dubrav. Pant. III Pl. XIX f. 281 (1893). Fresh water: Hungary, fossil (Grun.). Var. subrostrata Cu. — Linear with subrostrate, obtuse ends. L. 0,085; B. 0,011 mm. Strie 10 in 0,01 mm. — Pinnul. tenuis Gruc. M. J. I Pl. IV f. 9 (1854)? Fresh water: Crane Pond (N. Am.)! Var. tenella Bris. (1849). — Lanceolate with acute ends. L. 0,03 to 0,065; B. 0,005 to Q,oo6 mm. Striz 15 to 18 in 0,01 mm. — N. tenella Brus. in Kiitz Sp. Alg. p. 74. N. radiosa v. ten. V. H. Syn. p, 84 Pl. VIT f. 21, 22. Fresh water: Sweden! Finland! Belgium (V. H.), Japan! Australia (Daintree River)! Tas- mania! Greenland! Argentina! PantocsEK describes as N. tenella var.? fossilis (II p. 54 Pl. V f. 91) a form with broad axial area, which, if the figure be exact, cannot belong to N. radiosa. Var. minutissima Grun. (1882). — 0,017 to 0,027; B. 0,0035 to 0,oo4 mm. Strive 14 to 19 in 0,01 mm. — F. D. Ost. Ung. p. 144. Fresh water: Hungary, fossil (Grun.), Rostock, fossil! This var. seems rather to belong to N. cryptocephala v. veneta. 11. N. gracilis Exp. (1830). — V. almost linear, obtuse. LL. 0,033 to 0,05; B. 0,0065 to 0,01 mm. Axial area indistinct; central area distinct, transverse. Strie 11 to 12 in 0,01 mm., in the middle slightly radiate, elsewhere almost parallel. — Ber. 1830 Inf. p. 176 Pl. XIII f. 2(?) Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 526 Pl. IV f. 27. V. H. Syn. p. 83 Pl. VII f. 7, 8. Fresh water: Sweden! Finland! Denmark! Normandy! Arctic America! Argentina, Sierra Famatina! Var. schizonemoides V. H. (1880). — Frustules enclosed in unbranched, gelatinous tubes. Central area somewhat smaller. — Colletonema neglectum Tuwattes in W. Sm. B. D. II p. 70 Pl. LVI K. Sv. Vet. Akad. Hand]. Band 27. Ni:o 3. 3 18 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. f. 352 (1856). Schizon. neglectum V. H. Syn. Pl. XV f. 37. N. gracilis v. schizon. V. H. Syn. p. 83 BL. VIE. 9, 16. Fresh water: England! Belgium (V. H.). N. gracilis is very similar to larger varieties of NV. cincta and to some forms of N. radiosa from which it may be distinguished by its less radiate strie, and larger, transverse central area. 12. N. peregrina Eus. (1843). — V. lanceolate with obtuse ends. L. 0,08 to 0,15; B. 0,021 to 0,o28 mm. Axial area distinct, narrow. Central area large, somewhat transverse, subrectan- gular. Strie in the middle 5 to 6 in 0,01 mm. radiate, and frequently alternately longer and shorter, towards the ends transverse, and at the ends (8 in 0,0 1mm.) convergent, distinctly lineate} lineole about 25 in 0,01 mm. — Pinn. pereg. Eus. Am. 1:1 f. 5, 6. W. Sm. B. D. I Pl. XVII f. 170. N. pereg. Kitz Bac. p. 97 Pl. 28 f. 52. A. 8S. Atl XLVII f. 57—60. Brackish water: Sea of Kara! Baltic! North Sea! Saxony! Adriatic (Grun.), Arctic America! Greenland! Atlantic coasts of United States! Argentina! Cape Wankarema! Japan! Batavia! Var. kefvingensis Eup. (1840). — Smaller. L. 0,044 to 0,09 mm. Striz 7 (middle) to 8,5 (ends). — Pinn. kefv. Hus. Ber. 1840 p. 20 (accord. to Kitz). M. G. X:2, f. 4, 5. Nav. kefv. Kurz Bac. p. 97 (1844). A. S. Atl. XLVII f. 61, 62. Brackish water: Firth of Tay! Franzenbad, fossil! Var. polaris Lagst. (1873). — V. subelliptical, with broad, obtuse ends. L. 0,051 to 0,072; B. 0,014 to 0,016 mm. Strie 6 (middle) to 8 (ends) in 0,01 mm. — N. polaris Laest. Spitsb. D. p. 24 Pl. IT f. 3. Boh. p. 33. Brackish water: Spitsbergen! Beeren Hiland (Lagst.), Bohuslén (Lagst.). Var. calcuttensis Grun. Ms. — YV. lanceolate. LL. 0,05 to 0,06; B. 0,017 mm. Striz 9, lineole 21 in 0,01 mm. Axial area unilateral, not dilated in the middle. Central area small, also uni- lateral. — Pl. II f. 2. Brackish water: Calcutta! Var. Meniscus Scuum. (1867). — V. elliptic-lanceolate. L. 0,036 to 0,066; B. 0,01 to 0,019 mm. Strie 7 to 8,5 in 0,01 mm. — N. Meniscus Scuum. P. D. II N. p 55 Pl. II f. 32 (VW. Sam- biensis f. 37? N. aperta f. 49, N. Cyprinus f. 50?). Grown. A. D. p. 83. A. S. Atl. XLVII f 47 (without name). NV. pereg. v. M. V H. Syn. p. 82 Pl. VIII f. 19. Brackish water: Sea of Kara (Grun.), Baltic (Schum., Grun.), Kénigsberg, fossil! Cuxhaven (Atl.), Cape Wankarema! Forms with asymmetrical axial area occur at Cape Wankarema. Var. Menisculus Scuum. (1867). — V. elliptic-lanceolate, frequently slightly rostrate. L. 0,018 to 0,04; B. 0,01 to 0,011 mm. Axial area indistinct; central area small. Strize 9 to 12 in 0,01 mm., finely lineate. — N. Menisc, Scuum. P. D. II N. p. 56 Pl. ID f. 33. N. pereg. v. Menisculus V. H. Syn. p. 82 Pl. VIII f. 20, 21, 22. N. Gastrum v. Upsaliensis Grun. in Cl. M. D. N:o 242. N. pereg. menisculus f. Upsaliensis V. H. Syn. p. 82 Pl. VIII f. 23, 24. WN. pressa Pant. IIL Pl. XXIV f. 362 (1893)? Fresh and slightly brackish water: Sweden! Baltic! Kénigsberg and Domblitten, fossil! Bel- gium (V. H.), France (Paris, Normandy)! Saxony! Vienna (Grun.), Argentina (Sierra Velasco)! By the var. Menisculus N. peregrina seems to pass into N. eryptocephala var. veneta. 13. N. Haueri Grun. (1882). — V. lanceolate, with obtuse ends. L. 0,08 to 0,12; B. 0,017 to 0,o19 mm. Axial area narrow. Central area large, transverse. Striee 8 in 0,01 mm. radiate and more distant in the middle, convergent in the ends, finely lineate, and crossed on both sides of the median line by a narrow, blank area. — F. D. Ost. Ung. p. 143 Pl. XXX f. 48. Pant. IIT Pl, VE £.. 185. Brackish water: Hungary, fossil (Dubravica, Grun., Bory)! This species, distinguished by the blank band across the strie, is nearly akin to N. peregrina. KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND. 2¢. wN:0 3, 19 14. N. Anthracis Brun a. Cx. (1889). — V. lanceolate, acute. L. 0,05 to 0,06; B. 0,014 to 0,018 mm. Axial area unilateral. Central area also unilateral, but on opposite side to the axial area and connected with a narrow longitudinal area. Strie 7 (middle) to 8 (ends) in 0,01 mm. ra- diate in the middle, transverse at the ends, coarsely lineate; lineole 20 in 0,01 mm. — D. f. du Japon p. 41 Pl. V f. 6. NW. Flattii Panv. III Pl. XXII f. 330 (1898). Fresh water (marine?): Japan, fossil! 15. N. maculosa Donk. (1871). — V. broadly linear, with apiculate ends. L. 0,045 to 0,068; B. 0,013 mm. Axial area narrow; central area orbicular. Strie 10 in 0,01 mm. radiate in the middle, transverse at the ends, finely lineate, crossed by two undulating, narrow, lateral areas. — B.D. p. 25 Pl. Vf. 1. . albinensis Gruy. Franz Jos. Land D. p. 103 Pl. I f. 29 (1884). Marine: Scotland! Original specimens of Donkins N. maculosa in Deby’s Collection agree perfectly with origi- nal specimens of Grunows N. albinensis. 16. N. tuscula Ens. (1840). — V. elliptical, with protracted, capitate ends. L. 0,05; B. 0,015 mm. Axial area narrow; central area large, transverse, subrectangular. Strie 12 to 14 in 0,01 mm. radiate in the middle, transverse at the ends, very finely lineate and crossed by several irregu- larly undulating longitudinal bands. -- Pinnularia tuscula Eup. Ber. 1840. Stawroptera tuscula Ens. M. G. VI:1 f. 13 a. Stauroneis punctata Kitz, Bac. p. 106 Pl. XXI f. 9 (1844). W. Sm. B. D. I Pl. XTX f. 189. Donk. B. D. p. 36 Pl. V f. 12. Navicula tuscula V. H. Syn. p. 95 Pl. X f. 14. Stauroneis meniscus Scuum. Preuss. D. p. 189 Pl. IX f. 54 (1862)? Navic. tumida var. subsasla Strése Klieken Pl. I f. 10? Fresh or slightly brackish water (larger lakes): Spitsbergen (Lagst.), Beeren Eiland (Lagst.), Iceland! Sweden (Malaren, Wenern, Ringsjén)! Finland! Gulf of Bothnia (Tornea, Pited)! England! Belgium (V. H.), Switzerland (Brun), Dlinois! Fossil at Konigsberg! Klieken! Rostock! S:ta Fiora! > According to Grunow (F. D. Ost. Ung. p. 145) the cell-contents of Nav. tuscula are very different from those of other species of Navicule. 17. N. Salinarum Grow. (1880). — V. elliptic-lanceolate, with protracted, capitate ends. L. 0,023 to 0,037; B. 0,01 to 0,012 mm. Axial area indistinct; central area distinct, orbicular. Strie 14 to 16 in 0,01 mm., distinctly lineate, in the middle strongly radiate and alternately longer and shorter, in the ends transverse. — A. D. p. 33 Pl. Il f. 34. V. H. Syn. p. 82 Pl. VIII £9. WN. Carassius Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 537 Pl. III f. 31; Pl. IV f. 11. Brackish water: Spitsbergen! Sea of Kara! Finmarken! Sweden (Malm6)! Holstein! Belgium (V. H.), England! Saxony! Neusiedlersee, Hungary (Grun.). Var. intermedia Grun. (1880). — V. lanceolate, with subcapitate ends. L. 0,035 to 0,04; B. 0,007 mm. Striz 14 (middle) to 18 (ends), in the middle alternately longer and shorter, strongly radiate, in the ends convergent. — NV. cryptocephala v. int. Grun. in V. H. Syn. Pl. VIII f. 10. Fresh water: Sweden, Ringsjén in Skane! New Zealand! By the var. intermedia is N. Salinarum connected with forms of N. cryptocephala as well as with WN. notabilis Pant. 18. N. Rho Cu. N. Sp. — V. lanceolate, rostrate, obtuse. L. 0,115; B. 0,026 mm. Axial area very narrow, in the middle dilated into a large orbicular central area. Striz 11 in 0,01 mm., distinctly lineate (lineole 25 in 0,01 mm.), in the middle strongly radiate and alternately longer and shorter, in the ends transverse. — Part. I Pl. HI f. 35. Mouth of rivers: China, Canton River! This species resembles NV. elegans, but differs by the distinctly lineate strie. 19. N. notabilis Pant. (1889). — V. lanceolate, acute. L. 0,04 to 0,056; B. 0,009 to 0,012 mm. Axial area indistinct; central area small, somewhat transverse. Striz 10 to 11 (12,5 Pant.) 20 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. in 0,01 mm. more distant in the middle, where they are radiate and alternately longer and shorter. Terminal strie transverse. — Pant. II p. 51 Pl. V f. 95. Brackish water: Hungary, fossil! 20. N. Wilezekii Grun. (1884). — V. elliptic-lanceolate, with protracted, rostrate ends. L. 0,07; B. 0,026 mm. Axial area narrow. Central area subrectangular. Striz 10 in 0,01 mm. finely punctate, in the middle more distant (8 in 0,01 mm.) alternately longer and shorter, ra- diate; strongly convergent at the ends, where they are closer (16 to 17 in 0,01 mm). — Franz Jos. Land D. p. 98 Pl. I f. 36. Fresh water: Franz Josefs Land (Grun.). 21. N. bottnica Grun. (1880). — V. lanceolate, obtuse. L. 0,04 to 0,065; B. 0,01 to 0,013 mm. Axial area indistinct. Central area orbicular. Strice 20 in 0,01 mm. very finely punctate, in the middle strongly radiate and alternately longer and shorter, at the ends convergent. — A. D. p. 82 Pl. ID f. 82. V. H. Syn. Pl. VIL f. 33. Brackish and marine: Finmark! Coast of England! Baltic (from Pitea to Gothland)! Green- land! Canada! Maine! 22. N. digito-radiata Grue. (1856). — V. lanceolate, obtuse. L. 0,06 to 0,07; B. 0,012 to 0,o1g mm. Axial area narrow. Central area small, irregular. Strie 9 in 0,01 mm., very finely lineate, in the middle radiate and alternately longer and shorter, at the ends transverse. — Pinn. dig. M.J. IV Pl If. 32. N. dig. A.S. N.S. D. p. 92 Pl. Df. 4. V. H. Syn. p. 86 Pl. VII f. 4. Pinnul. viridula Ens. Abh. Berl. Ak. 1870 II f. 12. WN. dig. v. angustior Grun. A. D. Pl. IL f. 31. Marine and brackish: Spitsbergen! Finmarken! Sea of Kara! North Sea! Saxony! Caspian Sea (Grun.), Arctic America! New York! Fossil, Hungary (Grun.). Var. Cyprinus (Eup. 1843?) W. Sm. (1853). — V. slightly gibbous in the middle. L. 0,06 to 0,08; B. 0,0125 to 0,0275 mm. — Pinn. Cypr. Exp. Am. I: 2 f. 7? W. Sm. B. D. I Pl. XVIII f. 176. WN. digito-r. var. Cypr. V. H. Syn. p. 86 Pl. VII f. 3. Marine: North Sea! England (W. Sm.), Belgium (V. H.). Var. Seychellensis Cu. — As the type. L. 0,04; B. 0,01 mm. Striz 12 to 13 in 0,01 mm. Marine: Seychelles (V. H. Coll.)! Under the name N. Gurovit Pantocsrex (III Pl. IV f. 58) has figured a form, which seems to be a new species, akin to N. digito-radiata or N. peregrina. It is broadly, almost rhomboid, lanceolate. L. 0,065; B. 0,o2 mm. Striz 6 in 0,01 mm. the median of unequal length. 23. N. Reinhardtii Grun. (1860). — V. elliptical to lanceolate, with broad, obtuse ends. L. 0,04 to 0,07; B. 0,014 to 0,017 mm. Axial area very narrow. Central area irregular, trans- versely dilated. Strie 9 in 0,01 mm., coarsely lineate, in the middle alternately longer and shorter, strongly radiate, in the ends transverse. — Stauroneis Reinhardtit Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 566 Pl. VI f. 19. Nav. vernalis Donx. M. J. 1869 p. 293 Pl XVIII f. 5. Nav. Reinh. V. H. Syn. p- 86 Pl. VII f. 5, 6. Stauroptera truncata Rabu. Siissw. D. Pl. IX f. 12 (1853) Alg. Sachs. N:o 848. Fresh water: Sweden! England! Belgium (V. H.), Germany! Switzerland! Var. gracilior Grun. (1880). — V. lanceolate, narrowed towards the ends. L. 0,06 to 0,07; B. 0,013 mm. Strie 8 to 9 in 0,01 mm. — N. dagito-radiata var. striolata Grun. A. D. p. 32. N. Reinh. var. gracilior V. H. Syn. p. 87. Fresh water, occurring with the type. Var. jenisseyensis Grun. (1880). — As. var. gracilior, but with only few shorter median striz. L. 0,132; B. 0,016 mm. A. D. p. 382. Fresh water: Mouth of Jenissey (Grun.). N. Reinhardtii is very similar to N. digito-radiata, from which it differs by its fresh water habitat, and its more coarsely lineate striz, and to N. Gastrwm, which has strie radiate throughout. KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 2¢. w:0 3. 21 24. N. oblonga Kitz (1833). — V.,linear-lanceolate, with truncate ends. IL. 0,07 to 0,2; B. 0,014 to 0,024 mm. Axial area very narrow. Central area suborbicular. Strie 7 to 8 in 0,01 mm., very finely lineate, the median more distant and strongly radiate, the terminal convergent and angularly bent. — Frustulia oblonga Kitz Dec. N:o 71 (accord. to Lagst.). N. oblonga Ktrz Bac. p. 97 Pl. IV f. 21. Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 523. A. 8S. Atl. XLVII f. 63 to 68. V. H. Syn. p- 81 Pl. VII f. 1. Pant. II] Pl. VIII f. 142. Pinnul. oblonga W. Sm. B. D. XVIII f. 165. Fresh or very slightly brackish water: Sweden! Finland! Saxony! Belgium (V. H.), Eng- land! Switzerland (Brun.), Illinois! Fossil: Dubravica, Hungary (Grun.), Mexico and Guatemala! Var. lanceolata Grun. (1860). — Shorter and broader lanceolate. — Verh. 1860 p. 523 PL. LY £25. Var. acuminata Grun. (1860). — Almost linear, with cuneate, obtuse ends. — 1. ec. Fresh water: Austria (Grun.). Var. nodulosa Grun. (1860). — As the var. acuminata, but with triundulate margins. — 1. c. Fresh water: Frankfurt am Main. 25. N. falaisiensis Grun. (1880). — V. narrow, lanceolate, with subrostrate, obtuse ends. L. 0,025; B. 0,005 mm. Axial area indistinct. Central area small, rounded. Strize about 20 in 0,01 mm., slightly radiate throughout. — V. H. Syn. Pl. XIV f. 5. Fresh water: Greenland! England (V. H. T:), Belgium (V. H.). Var.? Lanceola Grun. (1880). — V. linear with more distinctly rostrate ends. L. 0,03; B. 0,004 mm. Striz 23 in 0,01 mm. more radiate — V. H.S. Pl. XIV if. 6 B. N. falaisiensis is according to Grunow nearly related to N. Bulnheimii. 26. N. arenicola Grun. (1882). —- V. linear, frequently slightly gibbous in the middle, with broad, rounded ends. L. 0,02; B. 0,005 mm. Axial and central areas indistinct. Strie 13 or 14 (middle) to 21 (ends) in 0,01 mm. very finely lineate, slightly radiate throughout. — Amphi- prora arenaria Bris. in Rab. A. E. N:o 2150. N. arenicola Gruy. F. D. Ost. Ung. p. 149 Pl. XXX f. 76, 77. Marine (aestuaries): Coasts of France and England (Grun.), Firth of Tay! 27. N. dicephala (Hus. 1836?) W. Sm. (1853). — V. linear to linear-lanceolate with capi- tate-rostrate ends. L. 0,025 to 0,04; B. 0,01 to 0,0125 mm. Axial area indistinct. Central area large, transverse and rectangular. Strie 9 to 11 in 0,01 mm. radiate throughout. — Pin. diceph. Eup. Inf. p. 185. Am. II: 1 f. 29? WN. dicephala W. Sm. B. D. I p. 87 Pl. XVII f. 157. Grun. A. D. p. 34. V. H. Syn. p. 87. Pl. VIII f. 33, 34. Strése Klieken D. fi 4. Fresh water: Sweden! England! Saxony! Switzerland (Brun.), Hungary, Dubravica, fossil (Grun.), Kamtchatka! Japan! Illinois! Ecuador! Var. elginensis Grea. (1856). — L. 0,024 to 0,03; B. 0,01 to 0,o105 mm. Strie 12 to 14 in 0,01 mm. transverse at the ends. — Pinn. elginensis Grea. M. J. IV Pl. If. 33. Grow. A. D. p. 35. Fresh water: Scotland, Ben Lawers fossil (Grunow), Finland, Pudasjarvi, fossil! Var. subcapitata Grun. (1882). — V. with broadly truncate ends. — F. D. Ost. Ung. p. 156 Pl. XXX f. 54. Fresh water: Hungary, fossil (Grun.). N. dicephala is very nearly connected with the Cymbelle, which, besides its great resem- blance to Cym. anglica, is proved by its cell-contents (see A. S. Atl. Pl. LXXII f. 29—33; Grun. F. D. Ost. Ung. XXX f. 55). There is only one chromatophore-plate, in the middle separated by a plasmatic mass from the zone, and on the dorsal side deeply cloven by a linear fissure. 28. N. lanceolata (Ac. 1827?) Kurz (1833). — V. lanceolate. L. 0,03 to 0,05; B. 0,008 to 0,01 mm. Axial area indistinct. Central area distinct, orbicular. Striz 12 (middle) to 15 or 16 (ends) in 0,01 mm., strongly radiate throughout. — Frustulia lanceolata Acarpu Flora X p. 626? 22 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. Kirz Dec. N:o 72 according to Lagst. Pinnularia viridula W. Su. B. D. XVII f. 175. WN. lanceol. A. S. Atl. XLVII f. 49. Grun. A. D. p. 35. V. H. Syn. p. 88 Pl. VII f. 16 (17 forma curta). Laest. Ofvers. K. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Foérh. 1884 X f. 5 a. WN. ecryptoc. v. rhynchoc, Strése Klieken Dz f. 3 6. 2 Fresh water: Sweden! Finland! Germany! England! Belgium (V. H.), Japan! Australia, Mitchell River! Var. tenella A. S. (1876). — V. narrow lanceolate. L, 0,035; B. 0,oo6 mm. — N. tenella A.S. Atl. XLVII f. 45, 46. Fresh water: Sweden, Loka (Atl.). Var. phyllepta Kirz. (1844). — L. 0,03 to 0,033; B. 0,008 to 0,009 mm. Striz 18 in 0,01 mm. — NV. phyllepta Kirz. Bac. p. 94 Pl. XXX f. 56. V. H. Syn. p. 88 Pl. VIII f. 40. Brackish water: Belgium (V. H.), Saxony (Saline Diirrenberg)! Var. arenaria Donk. (1861). — L. 0,05 to 0,06; B. 0,01 mm. Strize 9 to 10 in 0,01 mm. — N. arenaria Donx, M. J. I p.10 PLIf. 9. B.D. p. 56 PL VOI f 5. A. 8S. Atl. XLVI f. 38, 39, 40. N. lance. v. aren. V. H. Syn. p. 88 Pl. VIII f. 18. Marine: Baltic (Gothland)! North Sea! Var. Cymbula Donx. (1869). — V. lanceolate. L. 0,055; B. 0,011 mm. Axial area indistinct. Central area small, orbicular. Strie 8 (middle) to 10 (ends) radiate throughout, coarsely lineate. — N. Cymbula Donk. M. J. 1869 p. 294 Pl. XVIII f. 6. V. H. Syn. Pl. VII f. 32. Fresh water: England (Donk.), Finland! Japan! Var.? latior Dannr. (1882). — V. broadly lanceolate, with capitate ends. L. 0,026; B. 0,01 mm. Strive 22 in 0,01 mm. — N. cryptocephala v. latior Dannr. Baltic D. p. 26 Pl. IT f. 12. Brackish water: Baltic (Helsingfors, Gothland) Dannf. As Dannfeldts fig. shews the strie radiate at the ends, this form has been classed here under WV. lanceolata. Var. hordeiformis Pant. (1889). — L. 0,026; B. 0,oo8 mm. Striz 10 to 12,5 in 0,01 mm. — N. hordeiformis Pant. IT p. 48 Pl. XI f. 197. Brackish water: Hungary, fossil (Pant.). 29. N. anglica Raurs (1861). — V. elliptical, with capitate ends. L. 0,04; B. 0,014 mm. Axial area very narrow. Central area small. Strie 9 to 12 in 0,01 mm. radiate throughout, finely lineate, in the middle of equal length. — N. tumida W. Sm. B. D. I p. 53 Pl. XVII f. 146 (1853). N. tumida genuina Groun. Verh.,1860 p. 5387 Pl. IV f. 43 a. N. anglica Raurs in Pritch. Inf. p. 900. Donx. B. D. p. 35 Pl Vf. 11 a. V. H. Syn. p. 87 Pl. VIII f. 29, 30. MW. gastrum v. anglica Grun. A. D. p. 34. Fresh water: Sweden! Finland! England! Illinois! Ecuador! Var. minuta Cur. — L. 0,025; B. 0,008 mm. Striz 15 to 17 in 0,01 mm. Fresh water: Finland, Lake Lojo near Abo! Jamaica! Var. subcruciata Grun. — L. 0,014 to 0,024; B. 0,007 mm. Area more transverse. — Grun. in V. H. Types N:o 99. Slightly brackish water: England (V. H. T.). Var. subsalsa Grun. 1860. — V. lanceolate with rostrate, not capitate ends. L. 0,03; B. 0,011 mm. Strie 9 to 11 in 0,01 mm. — N. tumida v. subsalsa Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 537 Pl. IV f. 43 8, ¢. A. D. p. 34. N. anglica Dork. B. D. Pl. V f. 11 6. N. anglica v. subsalina Grun. in V. H. Syn. p. 87 Pl. VII f. 31. Slightly brackish water: Neusiedler See (Grun.), Shienitzer See, Prussia (Grun.). The var. swbsalsa is nearly akin to N. dicephala and connects this species with N. Gastrum. 30. N. Gastrum Exp. (1843). — V. lanceolate to elliptical, with slightly rostrate, obtuse ends. L. 0,024 to 0,045; B. 0,012 to 0,018 mm. Axial area very narrow. Central area large irregular, somewhat transverse. Striz 8 to 10 in 0,01 mm., finely punctate, in the middle usually KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 2%, wiv 3, 23 alternately longer and shorter. — Pinn. Gastrwm Eus. Am. III: 7 f. 23. M. G. V:1f. 12. Strése Klieken D. f. 1 b. N. Gastrum Dong. B. D. p. 22 Pl. II f. 10. Gruy. A. D. p. 31. V. H. Syn. p. 87 Pl. VIII f. 25, 27. Pant. III Pl. TI f. 48. Nav. exigua Pant. IIT Pl. Il f. 45 (1893). N. varians Gree. T. M. S. III p. 10 Pl. II f. 27, 28 (1855). N. Hoffmannii Panv. II p. 47 Pl. XIV f. 245 (1889)? Fresh water: Sweden! Finland! England! Ireland! Belgium (V. H.), Sea of Kara! Cape Deschneff! New Zealand! Illinois! Var. Jenisseyensis Grun. (1880). — Lanceolate. L. 0,038 to 0,065; B. 0,011 to 0,017 mm. Strie about 9 in 0,01 mm. more distant in the middle, where there are only a few shorter ones among the longer, very finely lineate. — A. D. p. 31 Pl I f. 28. N. Basilica {Pant. I Pl. VIIT f. 129 (1893)? Fresh or brackish water: Jenissey (Grun.), Cape Deschneff! New Zealand! New Caledonia (Kinker Coll.)! Var. latiuscula Grun. (1880). — V. lanceolate. L. 0,024 to 0,06; B. 0,012 to 0,017 mm. Striz 10 to 11 in 0,01 mm. The median strie not alternately longer and shorter. — A. D. p. 31. Strése Klieken D. f. 1 a. Fresh and slightly brackish water: Sea of Kara! Sweden (Upsala, Ronneby, Kalmar, fossil)! Finland! East Cape, East Siberia! Cuxhaven (Grun.), Oberrohe and Klieken, fossil! Var. exigua Grue. (1854). — V. lanceolate with subrostrate or subcapitate ends. LL. 0,017 to 0,03; B. 0,009 to 0,012 mm. Strize 12 to 14 in 001 mm — Pinnul. exigua Gree. M. J. p. 99 Pl. IV f. 14. N. Gastr. v. exigua Grun. A. D. p. 31. V. H. Syn. Pl. VIIT f. 32. Fresh or brackish water: Gulf of Bothnia (Tornea! Pited!) Finland, Lake Lojo, Abo! Hun- gary, fossil (Grun.), New Zealand! Var. boryana Pant. (1889). — V. capitate. L. 0,046 to 0,06; B. 0,017 to 002 mm. Strie 7,5 to 8,5 in 0,01 mm. radiate, coarsely punctate, puncta 17 to 18 in 0,01 mm. Median strize alternately longer and shorter. —. Pant. II p. 46. Marine: Hungary, fossil (Pant.). 30. N. Placentula Eup. (1843). — V. elliptic-lanceolate, with rostrate, obtuse ends. L. 0,05 to 0,06; B. 0,016 to 0o2s mm. Axial area narrow, but distinct. Central area irregular, trans- verse. Stria 6 to 9 in 0,01 mm., radiate throughout, coarsely lineate or punctate, shortened in the middle, but not alternately longer and shorter. — Pinnul. Plac. Kus. Am. III: 7 f. 22. M. G. XII f. 19. Grow. A. D. p. 34 Pl. IT f. 36. N. pusilla Donx. B.D. p. 20 Pl. IIT f. 6 6? N. Gastrum v. Plac. V. H. Syn. p. 87 Pl. VIII f. 26, 28. WN. Gastrum f. minor. Grun. F. D. Ost. Ung. XXX f. 51. Fresh water: Cassel »Polierschiefer> (Ehb.), Ireland Antrim Co.! Jenissey! New Zealand! California! Oregon! Puerto Monte! Ecuador! Var, lanceolata Grun. (1860). — V. broadly lanceolate. Ends not rostrate. L. 0,04; B. 0,016 mm. Striz 7 to 8 in 0,01 mm. — N. tumida var. lanceolata Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 537 PL IV f. 44. A. D. p. 34. , Brackish water: Sea of Kara! Skienitz See near Berlin (Grun.), Neusiedlersee (Grun.). Nav. Placentula is very nearly akin to Nav. Gastrum, and it is questionable whether they should not be united in one species. The median striz are in Nav. Gastrum, but not in Nav. Placen- tula, alternately longer and shorter, but this characteristic is subject to great variation, the var. Jenisseyensis having only a few, and the var. latiwscula no, shorter median strie. Of more im- portance is it that Nav. Placentula has coarsely lineate, or almost punctate strie. Nav. anglica is nearly akin to Nav. Gastrum and might be considered as a variety of it. There exists in fact no limit between these three species; Nav. Placentula appears to be akin to Nav. leptostigma, which has finer, distinctly punctate, strie and that to Nav. platystoma, the strie of which are very finely punctate. On the other hand N. Placentula is by its coarsely punctate strie allied to the section Punctate, among which Nav. amphibola is nearly akin to Nav. Placentula. Smaller 24 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. forms of Nav. Gastrum closely resemble smaller forms. of Nav. peregrina var. Menisculus, from which they differ by the terminal strie being radiate throughout, but this characteristic is some- times excedingly delicate. 32. N. leptostigma Ens. (1854). — V. elliptical, with more or less broad, rostrate ends. L. 0,038 to 0,048; B. 0,015 to 0,02 mm. Axial area indistinct. Central area large, orbicular. Strie 14 in 0,01 mm., radiate throughout, distinctly punctate (puncta about 22 in 0,01 mm.) in the middle alternately larger and shorter. — Pinnul. leptost, Eup. M. G. XXXIII: 12 f. 25. Nav. lept. Icon. n. Pl. I f. 37. Fresh water: Oregon, fossil! 33. N. platystoma Exp. (1838). — V. elliptic-lanceolate, with broad, rostrate ends. L. 0,037 to 0,05; B. 0,017 mm. Axial area narrow. Central area large, transversely dilated, subrhomboidal. Strie 17 in 0,01 mm., very finely lineate, radiate throughout. Among the median strie a few shorter frequently occur. — Eus. Inf. 178 Pl. XI f. 8) M.G. XII f 66. Cy. A. D. p. 14 Pl. II f. 61. N. macromphala Scuum. Preuss. D. II N. p. 55 Pl. II f. 29 (1867)? Fresh and slightly brackish water: Sweden (Lake Malaren, Gulf of Bothnia, Gotland in the Baltic)! Mouth of Jenissey! Michigan! Var. bengalensis Grun. Ms. —- V. subrhomboidal, with broad, rounded ends. L. 0,03; B. 0,012 mm. Striz distinctly punctate. Fresh water: Bengal (Grun.). 34. N. oviformis Cu. N. Sp. — V. elliptic-lanceolate. L. 0,045; B. 0,018 mm. Axial area narrow, linear; central area large, orbicular. Strize 10 in 0,01 mm., radiate throughout, finely lineate, not alternating in length in the middle. — Pl. IU f. 4. Marine: Madagascar (Van Heurck Coll.)! 35. N, arata Grun. (1882). — V. lanceolate, gradually tapering from the middle to the obtuse ends. L. 0,06 to 0,067; B. 0,018 to 0,02 mm. Axial area narrow; central area orbicular. Striz 8 to 9 in 0,01 mm. closer towards the ends, all radiate and distinctly punctate. Across the strie on each side of the median line are 3 to 4 narrow longitudinal clear areas. — N. Tuseula v. arata Grun. F. D. Ost. Ung. p. 145 Pl. XXX-f. 58. Panv. III Pl. XXIII f. 342. Brackish or fresh water: Hungary, Dubravica fossil (Grun.), Hudson River (Grun.). This species can scarcely be a variety of N. tuscula, the terminal striz being radiate. It seems rather to belong to the group of N. Gastrum. 36. N. Clementis Grun. (1882). — V. slightly asymmetrical, broadly lanceolate, with rostrate, obtuse ends. L. 0,04 to 0,045; B. 0,012 to 0,015 mm. Axial area narrow. Central area small, orbicular, with 2 isolated puncta on one side of the central nodule. Strie 8 to 10 in 0,01 mm. in the middle, where they are alternately longer and shorter, 16 in 0,01 mm. towards the ends. All strie are strongly radiate and finely punctate. -- F. D, Ost. Ung. p. 144 Pl. XXX f. 52. Fresh water: Dubravica, Hungary, fossil! Cheshire, England (V. H. T.). This species is akin to N. Placentula and at the same time to N. Demerare of the section Punctate, the latter having also isolated puncta on the central area. 37. N. arenarieformis Pant. (1889). — V. lanceolate, obtuse. L. 0,02; B.0,011 mm. Axial area distinct; central area small. Striz 12,5 in 0.01 mm., strongly radiate to the ends, the median strie alternately longer and shorter. — Pant. II p. 42 Pl. VIII f. 140. Brackish water: Hungary, fossil (Pant.). 38. N. Iudloviana A. S. (1876). — V. lanceolate, with obtuse, subtruncate ends. L. 0,09; B. 0,03 mm. Axial area distinct, dilated around the central nodule. Striz 8 (middle) to 9 (ends) KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 24. w:0 3. 95 in 0,01 mm., radiate throughout, finely lineate, the median alternately longer and shorter. — Atl. XLVI f. 15. Fresh water: Fort Ludlow (Atl.), Shasta Co. Calif., fossil! Oregon! Minnesota (interglacial deposit)! 39. N. valida Ci. a. Grun. (1880). — V. slightly asymmetrical, elliptic-lanceolate. LL. 0,057 to 0,11; B. 0,022 to 0,026 mm. Axial area narrow, asymmetrical. Central area irregular, some- what asymmetrical. Strie 7,5 to 8 in 0,01 mm., distinctly lineate, radiate throughout, the median alternately longer and shorter. — A. D. p. 32 Pl. II f. 29. Cu. Vega p. 466. Marine: Sea of Kara! Cape Wankarema! Var. minuta Cu. (1883). — L. 0,025; B. 0,013 mm. Strie# 8 in 0,01 mm., not alternately longer and shorter. — Vega p. 466. Marine: Cape Wankarema! Var.? capensis Cu. — L. 0,056; B. 0,019 mm. Striz 8 in 0,01 mm. not distinctly lineate, radiate throughout. Axial area symmetrical. Central area larger. Marine: Cape of Good Hope! The type is most nearly akin to N. Gastrum var. Jenisseyensis but has more distinctly lineate strie. The var. capensis is very doubtful as a form of N. valida. 40. N. Hasta Pant. (1893). — V. lanceolate, gradually tapering from the middle to the subacute ends. L. 0,07 to 0,09; B. 0,015 mm. Axial area narrow, slightly dilated in the middle. Strie 9 in 0,01 mm. strongly radiate throughout and coarsely lineate. Among the median striz some few shorter ones are intercalated. — Pant. III Pl. V f. 74; Pl. XIV fi 213. Habitat?: Képecz, Hungary, fossil (Pant.). 41. N. imperfecta Cri. (1883). — V. elliptical to elleptic-lanceolate, frequently with sub- rostrate ends. L. 0,065; B. 0,03 mm. Axial area unilateral, narrow. Central area small. Striz 8 in 0,01 mm. radiate throughout, finely lineate and crossed by several longitudinal and undulating narrow blank bands. — Vega p. 466 Pl. XXXVI f. 34. Marine: Sea of Kara! Cape Wankarema! This form is very nearly akin to N. valida, from which it differs by its strie being divided into 2 to 4 lengths, as the strie of N. maculosa Donk. 42. N. consors A. 8. (1876). — V. narrow elliptic-lanceolate, obtuse. L. 0,06 to 0,1; B. 0,015 to 0,o2 mm. Axial area narrow; central area transverse, rectangular. Striz 8 in 0,01 mm., radiate throughout, finely lineate and crossed by 3 to 4 irregularly undulating, longitudinal bands. — Atl. XLVIII f. 24, 25, 26, 27. N. Leudugeri Cu. Vega p. 505 Pl. XXXVI f. 22 (1883). Marine: Ceylon! Samoa (Atl.), Sandwich Island (Atl.), Singapore (Atl.), Java! 43. N. (Rhoiconeis) genuflexa Kitz (1844). — V. convex, elliptic-linear, with obtuse ends. L. 0,02 to 0,043; B. 0,004 to 0,005 mm. Axial area indistinct. Central area small, orbicular. Strie 18 in 0,01 mm., a little closer at the ends, radiate throughout. Frustule arcuate. L. 0,02 to 0,03; Height 0,01. mm. — Bae. p. 101 Pl. XXI f. 6. Rhoiconeis genuflexa Grun. Verh. 1863 p. 147. Marine: Peru (Grun.), New Zealand (Grun.), Port Jackson! Samoa! Labuan! Ceylon! 44. N, (Rhoiconeis) Bolleana Gruy. (1863). — V. linear-lanceolate, with obtuse ends. L. 0,045 to 0,095; B. 0,01 to 0,011 mm. Axial area very narrow; central area large quadrate. Strie 8 (middle) to 11 (ends) in 0,01 mm. not distinctly lineate, radiate throughout. Frustule with broad connecting zone, arcuate. — Rhoiconeis Bolleana Grun. Verh. 1863 p. 147 Pl. IV f. 11. A. §. Atl XLVII f. 18 (striz strongly punctate)? N. Index Tremp. a. Brun D. foss. du Japon p. 44 Pl. V f. 5 (1889). K. Sv. Vet. Akademiens Handlingar. Bd 27. N:o 3. 4 26 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. Marine: Greenland! Spitsbergen! Finmark! Sea of Kara! Cape Deschneff! Behrmgs Island! Japan, fossil! Pacific Ocean (Grun.). N. Bolleana has somewhat dissimilar valves, the concave having more strongly pants striae than the convex. Original specimens of Nar. Index Temp. a. Brun are perfectly similar to specimens of N. Bolleana, determined by GRunow. 45. N. incerta Grun. (1880). — V. linear, with slightly convex margins and obtuse ends. L. 0,015; B. 0,oo6 mm. Axial and central areas indistinct. Striz 15 in 0,01 mm., scarcely radiate. — V. H. Syn. p. 107 Pl. XIV f. 43. Marine: Belgium (V. H.). A small form, remarkable for its coarse strie, unknown to the author. Its place in the system is doubtful. 46. N. (Schizonema) corymbosa C. Aa. (1824). -V. narrow, lanceolate, obtuse. L. 0,01; B. 0,002 mm. Axial and central areas indistinct. Strizw 23 in 0,01 mm. very slightly radiate. —- Schizonema corymbosum Aa. Syst. Alg. p. 11. V. H. Syn. Pl. XVI f. 21. Marine: Japan (Grun.). The frustules live in hair-fine branched tubes. 47. N. (Schizonema) mollis W. Sm. (1856). — V. lanceolate, obtuse. L. 0,027 to 0,032; B. 0,006 to 0,oo7 mm. Axial and central areas indistinct. Strie 14 to 16 in 0,01 mm. radiate in the middle, elsewhere parallel, finely lineate; lineole forming longitudinal strie. — Schizon. molle W. Sm. B. D. I p. 77 Pl. LVIII f. 365. V. H. Syn. Pl. XV f. 22, 23. S. albicans V. H. Syn. lc. f. 20.. 8. torquatum V. H. Syn. 1. c. f. 21. Marine: Arctic Amercia, Cape Sabine! Bohuslin! North Sea! Adriatic! The frustules are crowded in very branched, soft tubes, forming branches 15 to 30 emt. long. A form intermediate between N. mollis and N. ramosissima is S. setaceum V. H. Syn. XV f. 13. The frustules of this form live crowded in stiff, olive-green coloured, arborescent and very branched tubes. 48. N. (Schizonema) nidulans Ct. (1892). — V. narrow linear-lanceolate. L. 0,026; B. 0,005 mm. Axial and central areas indistinct. Strie 22 in 0,01 mm., parallel. Frustules inhabit the interior of marine alge. — Cu. Diatomiste I p. 78 Pl. XII f. 12. Marine: South coast of Australia, in the thallus of a Chylocladia, sent by Prof. J. AGARDH! 49. N. (Schizonema) ramosissima Ac. (1824). — V. linear-lanceolate, with obtuse ends. L. 0,051 to 0,072; B. 0,01 to 0,oo8 mm. Axial and central areas indistinct. Strie 12 to 13 in 0,01 mm. parallel, finely lineate, lineolee forming longitudinal strie, about 30 in 0,01 mm. Forma caspia Grun. (1878). — I. 0,038 to 0,052; B. 0,007 to 0,008 mm. Striz 12 in 0,01 mm. — Casp. Sea Alg. p. 19 Pl. IV f. 21. Brackish water: Caspian Sea (Grun.). Forma genuina Cu. — L. about 0,05 mm. — Sehiz. ram. C. A. Syst. Alg. p. 11. V. H. Syn. p. 110 Pl. XV f. 4, 5. Marine: North Sea! Forma amplia Grun. (1880). — L. 0,06 to 0,072; B. 0,007 to 0,oo8 mm. Striz 10 to 12 in 0,01 mm. — Schizon. amplius V. H. Syn. Pl. XV f. 3. — A. 8. N.S. D. III f. 5. Marine: North Sea! Canada! Mauritius! N. ramosissima lives enclosed in gelatinous tubes on the various forms of which a great number of species and varieties has been founded (see GRruNow’s paper in Botan. Centralbl. 1880). As mentioned above, this species is nearly akin to N. mollis, and on the other hand: to’ smaller forms of N. directa var. subtilis, from which N. ramosissima can scarcely be distinguished. KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 2¢. w:o 3. 27 50. N. directa W. Sm. (1853). — V. narrow, gradually tapering from the middle to the acute ends, about 10 times longer than broad. Central pores of the median line approxi- mate. Axial area indistinct; central area small. Striz 4 to 11 in 0,01 mm., distinctly transversely lineate. Var. subtilis Grue. (1857). — L. 0,09 to 0,012; B. 0,008 mm. Strive 10 to 11 in 0,01 mm., finely lineate. — Pinn. subtilis Gruc. D. of Clyde p. 488 Pl. IX f. 19. N. directa car. subt. Cu. Vega p. 467. Pinnul. acutiuscula Grue. T. M. 8S. IV p. 48 Pl. V f. 21 (1856)? Marine: Iceland! Scotland (Greg.), Sea of Kara! Cape Wankarema! Var. genuina Cur. — L. 0,07 to 0,125; B. 0,008 to 0,012 mm. Striz about 8 in 0,01 mm., finely lineate. — N. directa W. Sm. B. D. I p. 56 Pl. XVIII f. 172. A. S. Atl. XLVII f. 4, 5. N. dir. v. angusta Grun. A. D. p. 39. Marine: Spitsbergen! Finmark! Sea of Kara! Cape Deschneff! North Sea! Yokohama! Arctic America! Greenland! Var. remota Grun. (1880). L. 0,16 to 0,2; B. 0,015 mm. Striz 4 to 5 in 0,01 mm., coarsely lineate; lineole 17 to 21 in 0,01 mm. -- A. S. N.S. D. IID f. 2. Atl. XLVII ff. 1, 2, 8, 9. Pinn. longa Grea. T. M. 8. IV p. 47 Pl. V f. 18 (1856)? Marine: Spitsbergen! Finmark! Sea of Kara! Mediterranean Sea! Red Sea! Gulf of Mexico (Atl.), Colon! Campeachy Bay (Atl.). Var. Incus A. 8. (1876). —- L. 0,13 to 0,15; B. 0,018 mm. Central area on one side of the central nodule dilated to a short longitudinal space. Strie 4 to 4,5 in 0,01 mm. Lineole about 24 in 0,01 mm. — N. Incus A. 8. Atl. XLVII f. 7. Marine: Mediterranean Sea (Atl.), Sumbava (Kinker Coll.)! Colon! Var. javamica Cu. — L. 0,15; B. 0,01 mm. Strive 5 in 0,01 mm. finely lineate. Marine: Sumbava (Kinker Coll.)! N. directa is a very variable species, of which I have seen strictly typical specimens only from the Arctic Sea and the North Sea. Specimens from other localities are suspicious. As to N. longa Gree. I have not seen any form accurately agreeing with the fig. of Gregory, which has radiate strie. Pinnul. criophila Castrac. (Challenger Voyage D. p. 26 Pl. XV f. 2) is probably a form of N. directa. 51. N. Kepesii Gruy. (1884). — V. linear, narrow. IL. 0,085 to 0,095; B. 0,oos mm. Areas indistinct. Strie 12 to 13 in 0,01 mm. transverse, finely lineate, forming oblique striz. — Franz Jos. Land D. p. 103 Pl. I f. 37. _ Marine: Franz Josefs-Land (Grun.). 52. N. jejuna A. 8S. (1876). — V. narrow, linear, with rounded or somewhat cuneate ends. L. 0,1 to 0,12; B. 0,01 mm. Axial area indistinct. Central area small, elongated. Strive 5 in 0,o1 mm., parallel, or slightly radiate throughout, distinctly lineate. — Atl. XLVI f. 76. Casrnr. Challenger Voy. p. 33 Pl. XX f. 12, XXVIII f. 11. Marine: Java (Atl.), Sumatra (Grove Coll.)! Singapore! Macassar Straits! Japan! 53. N. trigonocephala Cu. (1883). — V. linear, with cuneate ends. L. 0,05 to 0,065; B. 0,01 to 0,012 mm. Axial area indistinct. Central area small. Strie 10 to 12 in 0,01 mm., almost parallel, transversely lineate, crossed by several undulating, narrow longitudinal bands. — Vega p-. 468 Pl. XXXVI f. 29. Marine: Cape Wankarema! 54, N. transitans Cx. (1883). — V. lanceolate, 4 to 6 times longer than broad. L. 0,065 to 0,09; B. 0,016 to 0,o2 mm. Axial area indistinct. Central area small, orbicular. Striz 7 to 9 in 0,01 mm. parallel, distinctly lineate. — Vega p. 467 Pl. XXXVI f. 31. Marine: Cape Wankarema! 28 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. Var. derasa Grun. (1880). — Strie crossed on each side by a more or less narrow lateral area. L. 0,055 to 0,067; B. 0,0145 to 0,015 mm. Strie 8,5 or 12 (middle) to 10 or 14 (ends) in 0,01 mm. — NV. derasa Grun. A. D. p. 39 Pl. IL f. 46. WN. trans. v. derasa Cu. Vega p. 467 Pl. XXXVI f. 32. Marine: Sea of Kara! Cape Wankarema! Cape Deschneff! Forma minuta. — L. 0,035; B. 0,012 mm. Strie 12 in 0,01 mm. — Cu. Vega p. 467 Pl. XXXVI f. 87. Marine: Cape Deschneff! Forma gracilenta Grun. (1880). — V. narrower, with prolonged ends. L. 0,065 to 0,075; B. 0,009 to 0,011 mm. Strie 10,5 to 11 in 0,01 mm. — N. derasa var.? gracilenta Grun. A. D. p. 40. Marine: Sea of Kara (Grun.). Var. incudiformis Grun. (1883). — Axial area unilateral, irregular, linear. Strie on the side, opposite to the axial area, crossed by a more or less broad lateral area, usually uniting with the central area. — N. incus v. abbreviata Gruy. A. D. p. 39 Pl. II f. 43. N. ineudiformis Gron. in Cu. Vega p. 467 Pl. XXXVI f. 26, 30. Marine: Cape Wankarema! Var. erosa Cu. 1883. — Striz 7,5 to 10 in 0,01 mm., crossed by several narrow, undulating, longitudinal bands. — N. erosa Cu. Vega p. 468 Pl. XXXVI f. 28. Marine: Cape Wankarema! Var. asymmetrica Cu. (1883). — Axial area unilateral, irregularly linear. Striz 9,5 in 0,01 mm. as in var. erosa. — N. asymmetrica Cu. Vega p. 468 Pl. XXXVI f. 27. Marine: Cape Wankarema! 55. N. finmarchica Ci. a. Gruy. (1880). — V. lanceolate, with obtuse ends. L. 0,03 to 0,042; B. 0,0115 to 0,013 mm. Central nodule transversely dilated to a short stauros. Strize 12 to 14 in 0,01 mm., slightly radiate, apparently smooth, crossed by a narrow, arcuate lateral area. -- Stauronets finm. Cu. a. Gron. A. D. p. 47 Pl. IIT f. 63. Marine: Finmark! Bohuslin! It is difficult to find the proper place in the system for this little form. There is no allied species in Stauroneis, nor any other naviculoid form, to which it seems to be related, with the exception of N. transitans var. derasa f. minuta, from which it differs by its stauros and apparently smooth strie. This form is neither a Mastogloia nor an Achnanthes, both valves being similar. 56. N. kariana Grun. (1880). —- V. broadly lanceolate, slightly rostrate. L. 0,085 to 0,09; B. 0,024 to 0,026 mm. Median line with approximate central pores. Axial area indistinct; central area small, orbicular. Strie 12,5 to 14 in 0,01 mm., parallel, finely lineate; lineole forming longi- tudinal striz, about 27 in 0,01 mm. — A. D. p. 39 Pl. IL f. 44. Marine: Frans Josefs Land! Sea of Kara! Cape Wankarema! Var. detersa Grun. (1883). — Striw crossed by a more or less large lateral area. — Cu. Vega p. 469 Pl. XXXVI f. 36. Franz Jos. Land D. p. 103 Pl. I f. 23, 24. Marine: Franz Josefs-Land (Grun.), Cape Wankarema! Var. frigida Grun. (1880). — L. 0,044 to 0,07; B. 0O,o12 to 0,013 mm. Strive 15 or 16 (middle) to 17 or 18 (ends) in 0,01 mm. very slightly radiate throughout, finely lineate; lineole forming longitudinal strie, about 26 in 0,01 mm. — A. D. p. 39. Franz Jos. Land D. p. 103 Pl. Lf. 25. Marine: Sea of Kara! Franz Josefs-Land! 57. N. gelida Grun. (1884). — V. lanceolate, with slightly rostrate ends. L. 0,03 to 0,065; B. 0,009 to 0,015 mm. Axial area indistinct. Central area very small, orbicular. Strie 9 to 12 in 0,01 mm., finely lineate; lineole not forming longitudinal strie. — Franz Jos. Land D. p- 103 Pl. I f. 27, 28. N. kariana v. curta Cu. Vega p. 470 Pl. XXXVII f. 40 (1888). Marine: Davis Strait! Franz Josefs-Land (Grun.), Cape Wankarema! Cape Deschneff! KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND. 27. wn:0 3. 29 Var.? subimpressa Grun. (1880). — V. lanceolate. L. 0,065; B. 0,016 mm. Striew 11 to 12 in 0,01 mm., crossed by a longitudinal line. — N. subimpr. Grun. A. D. p. 39 Pl. II f. 45. Marine: Sea of Kara (Grun.). Var.? tenuis Cu. (1883). — V. elliptic-lanceolate, with a longitudinal impression on both sides of the median line. L. 0,038; B. 0,015 mm. Strie 18 in 0,01 mm., unilaterally interrupted by a narrow transverse fascia. — N. subimpressa var. tenuior Cu. Vega D. p. 470 Pl] XXXVII f. 49. Marine: Cape Deschneff! 58. N. irregularis Panv. (1889). — V. narrow, lanceolate, with subacute ends. L. 0,126; B. 0,021 mm. Axial area broad on one side of the median line, narrow on the other. Strie 7 to 10 in 0,01 mm. almost parallel, alternately longer and shorter, on one side of the median line crossed by a linear lateral area. — Panv. II p. 49 Pl. XXX f. 424. Marine: Hungary, fossil (Pant.). I have not seen this species, but to judge from the figure it seems to be akin to N. trunsi- tans var. asymmetrica. Somewhat similar is N. primordialis Pant. (III Pl. XXV f. 382). 59. N. (Rhoiconeis) sibirica Grun. (1882). — V. lanceolate, subacute. L. 0,04 to 0,06; B. 0,01 mm. Axial area indistinct; central area large, subquadrate. Strie 10 (at the ends 10 to 11) in 0,01 mm. almost parallel throughout, distinctly lineate. Frustules arcuate, with narrow connecting zone. — Rhoiconeis Bolleana var.? sibirica Grun. in Cu. M. D. N:o 302. Cui. Vega p. 469 Pl. XXXVII f. 38. Marine: Cape Wankarema! Var. asymmetrica Cu. 1883. — Axial area unilateral, narrow. Strie 11 in 0,01 mm. — N. Bolleana v. asym. Cu. Vega p. 469 Pl. XXXVII f. 39. Var. mediterranea Cu. — V. narrow, rhombic-lanceolate acute. L. 0,1; B. 0,013 mm. Central area rounded. Striz 7 in 0,01 mm., distinctly lineate; lineole about 27 in 0,01 mm. Marine: Gulf of Naples! N. sibirica resembles N. Bolleana, but differs by its more parallel striz and by the narrow connecting zone. The N. Zostereti A. S. N. 8. D. IL f. 3 seems to belong to N. sibirica. 60. N. (Rhoiconeis) superba Cx. (1883). — V. rhomboidal with subacute ends. L. 0,06; B. 0,02 mm. Axial area unilateral, more or less narrow. Central area small, somewhat trans- verse. Striz 8 to 10 in 0,01 mm., parallel, finely lineate, frequently crossed, on one side of the median line by an irregular, narrow lateral area. — Vega p. 468 Pl. XXXVI f. 23. Marine: Cape Wankarema! Var. elliptica Cu. (1883). — V. elliptical. L. 0,065; B. 0,o2 mm. Striz 10 in 0,01 mm. Marine: Cape Wankarema! The valves of this species seem to be somewhat dissimilar, the concave having more distant strie, frequently crossed unilaterally by a narrow area. 61. N. (Rhoiconeis) obtusa Cu. (1882). — V. linear with broad, rounded ends. L. 0,055 to 0,075; B. 0,014 to 0,o1g mm. Axial area narrow, unilateral, irregular. Central area small. Strize 11 in 0,01 mm., slightly radiate in the middle, and convergent at the ends, frequently crossed by irregular longitudinal, narrow bands. — Cu. a. M. D. N:o 315 to 318. CL. Vega p. 469 Pl. XXXVI f. 25. Marine: Cape Wankarema! 62. N. ammophila Grun. (1882). — V. linear-lanceolate, subacute. L. 0,017 to 0,03; B. 0,005 mm. Axial and central areas indistinct. Strie 10 to 11 in 0,01 mm., finely lineate, in the middle subradiate, at the ends transverse (12 to 13 in 0,01 mm.). — F. D. Ost. Ung. p. 149 Pl. XXX f. 66 to 69. Marine and brackish: Coasts of England and Sweden (Grun.), Hungary, Tallya, fossil (Grun.). 30 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULUID DIATOMS. Var. intermedia Grun. (1882). — Striz in the middle 12 to 13, at the ends 15 in 0,01 mm. — XN. cancellata f. minuta Grun. A. D. p. 87 Pl. IL f. 41 (1880). WN. amm. f. minuta Grun. F. D. Ost. Ung. p. 149 Pl. XXX f. 71 to 73. Panr. Il p. 41 Pl. XI f. 190. Marine: Finmark (Grun.), North Sea (Grun.), Cape Deschneff! Hungary, fossil (Pant.). Var. degenerans Grun. (1882). — L. 0,014 to 0,02; B. 0,004 to 0,005 mm. Striz very finely lineate, slightly radiate, 14 or 15 (middle) to 18 or 19 (ends) in 0,o1 mm. — Foss. D. Ost. Ung. p. 149 Pl. XXX f. 74, 75. Marine: Coasts of England (Grun.), Sweden! Hungary, fossil (Grun., Pant.). Var. flanatica Grun. (1860). — V. lanceolate with attenuate, acute ends. L. 0,054; B. U,0v8 mm. Strie 9 to 11 in 0,01 mm. —- N. flanatica Gruy. Verh. 1860 p. 527 Pl. III f. 9. N. cancel- lata v. scaldensis V. H. Syn. p. 86 Suppl. Pl. A f. 17. i Marine: Belgium (V. H.), Adriatic (Grun.). 63. N. Beckii Panr. (1889). -- V. narrow, lanceolate with obtuse ends. L. 0.035; B. 0,008 mm. Axial area distinct; central area small. Strie 12,5 to 15 in 0,01 mm. radiate in the middle, transverse at the ends. — Pant. II p. 42 Pl. XI f. 188. Brackish water: Hungary, fossil (Pant.). According to Pantocsek this form seems to be akin to N. ammophila. 64. N. cancellata Donk. (1873). — V..narrow, linear-lanceolate, convex, with subacute or subeuneate ends. L. 0,06 to 0,09; B. 0,o12 mm. Axial area indistinct; central area small. Striz 5,5 to 6,5, finely, but distinctly, lineate (lineolee about 18 in 0,01 mm.) slightly radiate in the middle, transverse at the ends. — NV. truncata Donx. M. J. I p. 9 Pl. 1 f. 4 (1861). NN. cancellata Dons. B. D. p. 55 Pl. VITIT f. 4 a, 6b. — A. S. N.S. D. IL f. 36, 387. Atl. XLVI f. 29, 30. V. H. Syn. p. 86 Suppl. Pl. A f. 16. W. canc. v. genwina a. impressa Gruy. A. D. p. 36. N. fortis? A. 8. Atl XLVI f. 36. N. impressa Laest. Boh. D. p. 33 f. 3. A. 8. Atl. XLVI f. 31, 34. Marine: Finmark! Sea of Kara! Greenland! North Sea! Mediterranean Sea! Bab el Mandeb! Madagascar! Labuan! China! Galapagos Islands! . Var. maroccana Cu. — L. 0,095; B. 0,016 mm. Striz 5 in 0,01 mm. coarsely lineate; lineolie about 23 in 0,01 mm., crossed at the ends (below the margin) by a broad and short blank space. Marine: Morocco! The blank space at the ends of the valve is visible ide in the zonal view. Var. Gregorit Ratrs (1861). — V. lanceolate, subacute. L. 0,03 to 0,05; B. 0,007 to O0,0075. Strie 6,5 to 8 in 0,01 mm. — Pinnul. apiculata Gree. M. J. III p. 41 Pl. IV f. 21 (1855)? Wy. Gregorit Ratrs Pritch Inf. p. 901. N. cane. v. Greg. Grun. A. D. p. 87. A. S. Atl. XLVI f. 41, 42, 71, 72. Marine: Spitsbergen! Sea of Kara! North Sea (Atl.), Baltic (Atl.), Cape Deschneff! Sand- wich Islands! New Caledonia! Tahiti! Kerguelen’s Land! Galapagos Islands! Var. retusa Bres. (1854). — V. narrow, linear, with rounded or subcuneate ends. L. 0,05 to 0,075; B. 0,0075 to 0,011 mm. Striz 6 to 7 in 0,01 mm. -- N. retusa Bris. D. de Cherb. f. 6. Donk. M. J. I (N. 8.) p. 14 Pl. I f. 17 (1861) B. D. p. 64 PL X £3. A.S. N.S. D. PLIL£ 30. Atl. XLVI f. 45, 46, 74, 75. WN. cancellata v. Schmidtii Grun. A. D. p. 36. N. retusa v. subretusa V. H. Syn. p. 77 Suppl. A f. 10 (V. H. T. No 74). Marine: Spitsbergen! North Sea! Baltic (Atl), Cape Deschneff! N. retusa Grun. in A. D. p. 38 is another species, Pinnularia? ambigua OL. KN “retus V. H. Syn. seems to be another form, as the striz are described as smooth. The figures of Bru- BissoN and Donkin are insufficient, so that it is doubtful, what the original N. retusa may be. Var. subapiculata Grun. (1880). — V. linear, with apiculate ends.’ L. 0,03 to 004; B. 0,006 to 0,oos mm. Striz 8 to 9 in 0,01 mm. — WN. Gregortt A. S. N.S. D. ID f. 22. A.S. Atl. XLVI f. 66 to 68. NV. cancell. v. subapic. Grun. A. D. p. 37. Marine: Sea of Kara! Baltic (Atl), Firth of Tay (AtL.). KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 27. w:o 3. 81 65. N. inflexa Gree. (1856). — V. narrow, elliptic-lanceolate, with obtuse, conical ends. L. 0,033 to 0,045; B. 0,0075 to 0,o0o85 mm. Axial area indistinct, central area small, rounded. Striz 11 in 0,01 mm. strongly radiate throughout, distinctly lineate; lineole 23 in 0,01 mm. — Pinn. infleca Grue. T. M. S. IV p. 48 Pl. V f. 20. ™. inflera Donx. B. D. p. 54 Pl. VIII f. 2. A. S. Atl. XLVI f. 69, 70. Marine: Sea of Kara! North Sea! N. infleca v. Biharensis Pant. II p. 48 Pl. III f. 36 from Bremia seems to be another species, as it has scarcely any resemblance to N. inflexa. 66. N. northumbrica Donk. (1861). — V. very convex, narrow lanceolate, with acute ends. L. 0,046 to 0,076; B. 0,008 to 0,01 mm. Axial area indistinct; central area small, rounded. Strie 10 to 11 in 0,01 mm. (the median stronger and more distant) very slightly radiate in the middle, transverse at the ends, lineate; lineole 25 in 0,01 mm. Frustule quadrate. — Donk. M. J. I p. 9 Pl. T£ 5. B. D, p, 54 Pl, VIL £1, A, 8. XLVIL £ 19, 20. - Marine: North Sea! This species is remarkable for the extreme convexity of its valves, from which cause it is very difficult to find a specimen in the valvular view. 67. N. (Rhoiconeis) Cubitus Temp. a. Brun (1889). — V. very convex, linear-lanceolate with acute, excavate ends. I. 0,09 to 0,095; B. 0,013 mm. Axial area indistinct. Central area a narrow, transverse fascia, arising from the two distant median strie. Terminal areas large, triangular spaces (visible only in the zonal view). Striz 6 in 0,01 mm., parallel, coarsely lineate; lineole 21 in 0,01 mm. Frustule arcuate. — D. foss. du Japon p. 42 Pl. V f. 8. Marine: Japan, fossil! 68. N. Zostereti Gruy. (1860). — V. slightly convex, narrow lanceolate, subacute. L. 0,065 to 0,14; B. 0,011 to 0,o22 mm. Axial area indistinct; central area very small, orbicular. Strie 7 in 0,01 mm. (a little more close towards the ends) transverse, and slightly curved, lineate; lineole 23 in 0,01 mm. — Verh. 1860 p. 528 Pl. [V f. 23. A.S. Atl. XLVIT f. 42, 438, 44. Marine: Adriatic (Grun.), Bab el Mandeb! Ceylon! Labuan! Java! China! Japan (Atl.), Sandwich Islands (Atl.), Brazil (Atl.), Atlantic City, fossil! Var. seychellensis Cu. — L. 0,065; B. 0,011 mm. Strie 12 in 0,01 mm. Marine: Seychelles (Van Heurck Coll.)! N. Zostereti is very similar to N. directa, but has more convex valves and slightly radiate, strie curved towards the ends, finely lineate. 69. N. spuria Cu. N. Sp. — V. rarrow, lanceolate, acute. LL. 0,09 to 0,15; B. 0.013 to 0,021 mm. Axial area indistinct. Central area small, irregularly rounded. Striz 7 in 0,01 mm., slightly radiate in the middle, transverse at the ends, coarsely lineate; lineole 21 to 24 in 0,01 mm. Marine: Mediterranean Sea (Gulf of Naples)! Adriatic! New Caledonia (Kinker Coll.)! Gala- pagos Islands (Weissflog Coll.)! Var. asymmetrica Cit. — Axial area narrow, unilateral. Striz on the side opposite to the axial area, crossed by an irregular, narrow lateral area. L. 0,15; B. 0,022 mm. Striz 6 in 0,01 mm., lineole 27 in 0,01 mm. Marine: Hungary, fossil (Karnaud Deposit in Deby Coll.)! N. spuria resembles N. directa, from which it differs by its slightly radiate striz, and N. pennata, from which it differs by its small central area. From N. Zostereti it may be distin- guished by its coarsely lineate strie and from N. distans by its indistinct axial area. 70. N. fortis Gree. (1856). — V. very convex, elliptic- to rhombic-lanceolate, obtuse. L. 0,05 to 0,089; B. 0,01 to 0,o17 mm. Axial area indistinct; central area small, orbicular. Strie 8 to 9 in 0,01 mm. slightly radiate in the middle, transverse at the ends, coarsely lineate; lineole 24 in 32 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. O,or mm. — Pinn. fortis Grea. T. M. S. IV p. 47 Pl. V f. 19. ™. fortis Donk. B. D. p. 57 Pl. VIII f. 8. A. S. Atl. XLVI f. 37 to 39. Pinn. constricta O’Muara M. J. VII p. 17 Pl. V f. 8 (1867). Marine: Spitsbergen! Finmark! North Sea! Greenland! 71. N. Formentere Cx. (1881). — V. elliptic-lanceolate obtuse. L. 0,03 to 0,037; B. 0,013 to 0,o15 mm. Axial area indistinct. Central area large quadrate. Strie 6 in 0,01 mm., radiate throughout, coarsely lineate; lineolee about 24 in 0,01 mm. -— N. Fromentere Cu. N. R. D. p. 10 Pl. Il f. 24. Icon. n. Pl. I f. 383. A. S. Atl. XLVI f. 7 (without name). Marine: Balearic Islands! Campeachy Bay (Atl). 72. N. satura A. 8. (1876). — V. narrow elliptical, with rounded ends. I. 9,075; B. 0,021 mm. Axial area indistinct; central area large. Terminal nodules very distant from the ends. Striz 5,5 in 0,01 mm. parallel, coarsely punctate..— Atl. XLVI f. 27. Marine: Cape of Good Hope (Atl.), Cape Horn (Petit). 73. N. erucifera Grun. (1876). — V. broadly linear, with apiculate ends. L. 0,05 to 0,07; B. 0,017 to 0,019 mm. Axial area very narrow; central area large, quadrate. Striz 5 to 6 in 0,01 mm., slightly radiate throughout, coarsely lineate; lineole 22 in 0,01 mm. In the zonal view the frustule is quadrate and has irregularly triangular terminal areas or blank spaces. — N. ro- stellata A. 8. N.S. D. Pl. IL f. 31 (1874). ™. erucifera Grun. A. S. Atl. XLVI f. 50—53 (1876). N. apiculata var. maculifera Grun. A. D. p. 37 (1880). N. bicuspidata Cu. a. Grun. N. R. D. p. 10 Pl. II f. 25 (1881). Marine: North Sea! Baltic (Atl.), Naples! Sumatra (Deby Coll.)! This species is considered to be the same as N. apiculata Bris. Diat. de Cherbourg 1859 f. 5 and Pinn. rostellata Grea. D. of Clyde Pl. TX f. 20 (1857), but these figures shew no central area. 74. N. Seoliopleura A. S. (1876). — V. linear, with apiculate ends. L. 0,083; B. 0,0167 mm. Median line slightly flexuose, with distant terminal nodules. Axial area narrow, linear; central area large, somewhat transverse. Strie 7 in 0,01 mm., parallel throughout (finely lineate?) — Atl. XLVI f. 63. Marine: Campeachy Bay (Atl.). 75. N. solaris Grea. (1856). — V. lanceolate, obtuse. I. 0,038 to 0,114 mm. Axial area narrow; central area small, orbicular. Strie 14 in 0,01 mm., strongly radiate throughout. — T. M. 8. IV p. 43 Pl. V f. 10. Marine: Scotland (Greg.). This form is entirely unknown to me. To judge from the figure it has some resemblance to N. botinica, but if it be N. bottnica, the fig. is very far from accurate. In A. 8S. Atl. XLVI f. 16 is a form from New Providence named N. solaris? but the striation is much too coarse for the N. solaris of Gree. 76. N. centraster Cr. N. Sp. — V. convex, linear lanceolate, obtuse. L. 0,07 to 0,113 B. 0,012 to 0,015 mm. Axial area indistinct, or narrow and unilateral. Central area large, orbicular. Striz 7 to 8 in 0,01 mm. strongly radiate in the middle, where they are more distant, transverse at the ends, finely lineate; lineole about 30 in 0,01 mm. — Pl. I f. 35. Marine: Japan! Madagascar! Auckland! This species resembles N. infleca Gree. but has more distant, and very finely lineate, strie. 77. N. pennata A. 8. (1876). — V. linear-lanceolate, subacute. Li. 0,068 to 0,095; B. 0,011 to 0,014 mm. Terminal fissures small, close to the ends of the valve. Axial area narrow or indistinct; central area large, quadrate. Strie 5 to 6 in 0,01 mm., radiate throughout, coarsely lineate; lineole 20 in 0,01 mm. — Atl. XLVIII f. 41, 42, 43. Marine: Morocco! Mediterranean Sea! Adriatic (Atl.), Hungary, fossil! Gulf of Mexico (Atl.), West Indies! Pensacola, Florida! KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 27. w:o 3. 33 Var. maxima Cu. — V. narrow, rhombic-lanceolate. L. 0,12 to 0,17; B. 0,021 to 0,024 mm. Axial area narrow, unilateral. Strie 4,5 to 5 in 0,01 mm., coarsely lineate; lineole 17 to 18 in 0,01 mm. — Pl. I f. 36. Marine: Adriatic! Gulf of Naples! Sumatra (Deby Coll.)! Indian Ocean (Deby Coll.)! Var. Kinkeri Pant. (1889). — V. slightly sigmoid. L. 0,1 to 0,109; B. 0,016 to 0,018 mm. Strie 5 in 0,01 mm., coarsely lineate. — N. Kinkeri Panr. II p. 49 Pl IX f. 169. Scoliopleura Szakalensis Pant. II p. 55 Pl. VIII f. 154. Marine: Petersburg, Va. foss.! Szikal, Hungary, fossil! 78. N. pinnata Panr. (1889). — V. narrow, lanceolate. L. 0,062; B. 0,0125 mm. Axial area distinct; central small. Strie 7,5 in 0,01 mm. slightly radiate in the middle, transverse at the ends, coarsely lineate. — Pant. II p. 52 Pl. XX f. 308. Marine: Hungary, fossil (Pant.). _ I have not seen this species, which appears to differ from N. pennata principally by its less radiate strie and the more distinct axial area. 79. N. consanguinea Cx. C. Sp. — V. convex, linear lanceolate, obtuse. L. 0,10 to 0,12; B. 0,015 mm. Axial area very narrow. Central area large, quadrate. Terminal fissures bayonet- shaped, distant from the ends of the valve. Strie 6 in 0,01 mm.,, slightly radiate throughout, not distinctly lineate. — A. 8. N.S. D. Pl. II f. 32 (without name). Marine: North Sea (A. S.), Morocco! 80. N. compressicauda A. 8. (1874). — V. very convex, lanceolate, obtuse, with elevated conical ends. L. 0,11 to 0,19; B. 0,024 mm. Median line with distant terminal nodules, which are strongly marked. Axial area very narrow; central area orbicular. Strie 6 in 0,01 mm., radiate in the middle, transverse at the ends, indistinctly lineate. — N. 8. D. p. 91 Pl. II f. 35. Atl. XLVI f. 62. Marine: North Sea! Morocco! Balearic Islands! Sendai, Japan, fossil (Brun.). 81. N. annulata Gruy. (1880). — V. rhomboidal, obtuse, flat. L. 0,05 to 0,076; B. 0,025 to 0,03 mm. Median line with somewhat distant central pores and terminal pores approximate to the ends. Axial area very narrow; central area large, transverse. Striz 7 in 0,01 mm. slightly radiate, apparently smooth, crossed at the ends of the valve by a semicircular blank narrow space. — A. D. p. 37. Icon. n. Pl. I f. 38. Fresh water: Demerara River! This species is an isolated form, the systematic place of which is doubtful. It is no Ach- nanthes, both valves being similar. 82. N. (Alloioneis) mediterranea Br. a. Cu. (1891). — V. very convex, linear, obtuse, asymmetrical: L. 0,09 to 0,13; B. 0,o012 to 0,o018 mm. Median line excentric. Axial area in- distinct or narrow. Central area small, unilateral. Striz 5 to 6 in 0,01 mm., very finely lineate. crossed at least on one side of the valve by one to three narrow, undulating blank bands. — — Brun D. espéces nouv. p. 35 Pl. XV f. 11. Icon. n. Part. I Pl I f. 32, 33. Marine: Balearic Islands! Gulf of Naples! Indian Ocean (Deby Coll.)! Sydney (Brun.). Nav. mediterranea Kirz is a small form, not determinable by the fig. in Bac. Pl. III f. 17. N. medit.. Grun. 1874 belong to the genus Diploneis. The figure in Brun’s D. esp. is not quite characteristic, the asymmetry being not sufficiently marked. 83. N. (Alloioneis) scalarifer Brun (1891). — V. narrow, fusiform, acute, very convex and somewhat asymmetrical. L. 0,085 to 0,1; B. 0,01 to 0,012 mm. Median line with distant terminal nodules. Axial area linear, unilateral. Strie 4 to 5 in 0,01 mm., parallel throughout, finely K. Sv. Vet. Akad. Hand]. Band 27. Ni:o 3. 5 34 Pp. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. lineate and crossed by an infra-marginal lateral area. V. in the zonal view slightly constricted in the middle with broad, obliquely truncate ends. Strie crossed by a broad lateral area. — D. espéces N. p. 88 Pl. XV f. 4. Marine: Japan, fossil (Brun.). 84. N. (Alloioneis) vitriscala Brun (1891). — V. narrow, fusiform, acute, very convex. L. 0.2 to 0,22; B. 0,015 to 0.o22 mm. Median line slightly undulating; terminal nodules distant. Axial and central areas uniting in a narrow, lanceolate space. Strie fragmentary, finely lineate. V. in zonal view broad, not constricted in the middle, with obliquely truncate ends, where are large terminal areas, having in their centre a stigma. Along the interior margin is a band of parallel not interrupted strie (14 in 0,01 mm.) outside which the strie are fragmentary. — D. esp. n. p. 41 Pl. XV ff. 5. Marine: Japan, fossil! 85. N. superimposita A. S. (1874). — V. lanceolate (occasionally with slightly undulated margins) with obtuse ends. L. 0,058 to 0,125; B. 0,012 to 0,018 mm. Terminal nodules distant. Axial area narrow; central area large, quadrate. Striz 5,5 to 7 in 0,01 mm., finely lineate, slightly radiate and crossed by a longitudinal area. — N. 8. D. p. 90 Pl. ID f. 34. Atl. XLVI f. 61. Perag. D. de Villefr. p. 53 Pl. IIT f. 29? Marine: Baltic (A. 8.), Norway! Morocco! China! 86. N. Sigma Brun (1891). — V. very convex, lanceolate, sigmoid, with obtuse ends. L. 0,12 to 0,17; B. 0,03 to 0,035 mm. Axial area narrow, linear; central area large, quadrate. Median line with approximate central pores and distant terminal nodules. Strie 6 in 0,01 mm., slightly radiate, coarsely lineate (lineole 17 in 0,01 mm.), crossed by a lateral area. V. in zonal view broad, with obliquely truncate ends, slightly constricted middle, and with a very broad lateral area. — D. espéces n. p. 39 Pl. XVI f. 5. Marine: Gulf of Naples! Messina (Brun), Athens (Brun). 87. N. Phi Cru. N. Sp. — V. convex, narrow, lanceolate, obtuse. L. 0,08; B. 0,015 mm. Axial area narrow, unilateral; central area large, uniting with the lateral areas. Median line with somewhat distant central pores and comma-like terminal fissures. Striz 10 in 0,01 mm., radiate throughout, coarsely lineate; lineole 24 in 0,01 mm. The striz are crossed on each side of the median line by a moderately broad, linear lateral area and probably also by another infra- marginal area. — Pl. I f. 34. Marine: Seychelles (V. H. Coll.)! This species is very similar to Caloneis biseriata Prtrt, which has smooth strie. 88. N. Galea Brun (1891). — V. broadly elliptical, with rostrate ends, convex. L. 0,06 to to 0,075; B. 0,03 to 0,o35 mm. Median line with approximate central pores and somewhat distant termina] nodules. Axial area narrow; central area large, quadrate, uniting with the lateral areas. Strize 7 in 0,01 mm. slightly radiate throughout, coarsely lineate and crossed by broad, linear, lateral areas. — D. espéces n. p. 34 Pl. XVI f. 7. Marine: Gulf of Naples! Palermo, Tangier, Arzila (Brun). 89. N. guttata Grun. (1878). — V. very convex with conical ends, elliptic-lanceolate, obtuse. IL. 0,057 to 0,06; B. 0,011 to 0,014 mm. Median pores approximate. Axial area indistinct; central area large, somewhat transverse and quadrate. Strie 7 to 8 in 0,01 mm. slightly radiate, crossed by 3 to 4, irregularly undulating, narrow lateral areas, so that they have the appearance of being composed of 3 to 4 elongated large puncta. Lineation of the striz fine. — Cu. M. D. N:o 154 to 155. A. 8. Atl. XLVI f. 10 (without name). Marine: Balearic Islands! Sansego (Atl.). KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 24. w:o 3. 35 Var. maxima Cu. — V. less convex, lanceolate, acute. L. 0,13; B. 0,03 mm. Striz 6,5 in 0,01 mm. almost parallel, composed of about 7 elongated puncta, lineate, lineole about 27 in 0,01 mm. Marine: Gulf of Naples (Brun’s Coll.)! Var.? Peragalli Brun (1891). — V. rhomboidal, acute; the axial part forming a distinct keel especially towards the ends. L. 0,08 to 0,11; B. 0,025 to 0,030 mm. Striz 7 in 0,01 mm, slightly radiate, composed of about 7 elongated puncta, crossed by fine lineole, about 27 in 0,01 mm. — N. Peragalli Brun D. espéces n. p. 87 Pl. XVI f. 12. Marine: Gulf of Naples! Athens (Brun). 90. N. (Alloioneis) Monodon Brun (1891). — V. very convex, narrow, rhombic-lanceolate, subacute. L. 0,06 to 0,09; B. 0.011 mm. Central nodule strong, elevated with a pore in the middle. Terminal nodules distant. Axial area asymmetrical narrow, slightly dilated around the central nodule. Striz 6 to 8 in 0,01 mm. crossed by undulating, narrow, longitudinal areas. V. in zonal view broad, slightly constricted in the middle, with obliquely truncate ends. Central nodule forming a conical projection, perforated by a tube. Strize composed of elongated puncta. — Diat. espéces n. p. 86 Pl. XVI f. 8. Marine: Japan (Brun)! This is one of the most remarkable naviculoid diatoms, diverging from all other known forms by its central nodule, forming a conical, perforated projection on the outside of the valve. 91. N. distans W. Sm. (1853). — V. lanceolate, gradually tapering from the middle to the obtuse ends. L. 0,09 to 0,13; B. 0,017 to 0,o2 mm. Axial area gradually dilated towards the middle, where it expands to a large, rounded quadrate space. Strie 5 to 6 in 0,01 mm., radiate throughout, strongly lineate; lineole 21 in 0,01 mm. — Pin. distans W. Sm. B. 1. 1 p. 56 Pl. XVIII f. 169. WN. distans A. S. Atl. XLVI f. 11 to 14. N.S. D. II f. 38 (without name). V. H. Syn. p. 87 Suppl, Pl. A f. 18. WN. dist. v. borealis Grun. A. D. p. 38 Pl. Il f. 42. Marine: Frans Josefs Land (Grun.), Spitsbergen! Finmark! Greenland! North Sea! N. distans seems to belong to the Arctic Sea and Northern Atlantic. I have not seen typical specimens from other seas. 92. N. subalata Grow. (1880). — V. lanceolate, obtuse. L. 0,08; B. 0,02 mm. Median line with approximate central pores and distant terminal nodules. Axial area linear distinct. Central area large, somewhat transverse. Striz 6 in 0,01 mm. radiate throughout, transversely lineate; lineole 22 in 0,01 mm. The strie in the middle do not reach the margin, so that the valve seems there to be bordered by a hyaline rim. — A. D. p. 38. Icon. n. Pl. I f. 32. Marine: Seychelles (Van Heurck Coll.)! An original sketch by Grunow agrees perfectly with the specimen in Van Heurck Collec- tion, which has distinctly lineate striae. According to Grunow they are smooth. 93. N. salva A. S. (1876). — V. elliptic-lanceolate, sometimes with slightly triundulated margins and subrostrate ends. L. 0,088 to 0,06; B. 0,02 to 0,022 mm. Median pores approximate; terminal nodules distant. Axial area narrow, linear. Central area large, quadrate. Strie 8 in 0,01 mm. radiate throughout. — Atl. XLVI f. 23. Marine: Balearic Islands! Campeachy Bay (Atl.), Florida! 94. N. opima Grun. (1867). — V. elliptic-lanceolate, with rounded, obtuse ends. L. 0,06 to 0,11; B. 0,017 to 0,025 mm. Central pores approximate; terminal fissures almost straight, large, at some distance from the ends of the valve. Axial area broad, linear. Central area large, orbicular. Strize 6 to 8 in 0,01 mm., more distant in the middle; strongly radiate throughout, lineate; lineole 24 in 0,01 mm. — N. fortis var.? opima Grun. Novara p. 100 Pl. I Af. 13. WN. opima A. 8. Atl. XLVI f. 24, 25, 26. N. fortis A. 8. Atl. XLVI f. 19, 20, 21, 22. Marine: Greenland! Davis Straits! Grip in Norway! Baltic (Atl.), Barcelona! we 36 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. 95. N. Rhaphoneis (Exp. 1854?) Gron. (1866). — V. rhombic-lanceolate. L. 0,027; B. 0,011 mm. Axial area indistinct; central area small. Strie 8 in 0,01 mm., radiate in the middle, trans- verse at the ends, coarsely lineate; lineole about 20 in 0,01 mm. — Pinnularia Rhaph. Eup. M. G. XXXV: 9, f. 7? N. Rhaph. Grun. Novara p. 19. Icon. n. Pl. I f. 30. MN. Pacifica Grun. Nov. Pl. I f. 17. Marine: Samoa! Tahiti (Grun.), Jamaica! 96. N. Bruchii Gru. (1881). — V. lanceolate, acute. L. 0.044 to 0,06; B. 0,012 to 0,018 mm. Axial and central areas uniting in a narrow, lanceolate space. Striz 7 in 0,01 mm. abbreviate, and radiate in the middle, transverse at the ends, lineate; lineole 18 in 0,01 mm. The strize are crossed by a narrow longitudinal band. — Cu. N. R. D. p. 13 Pl. IIT f. 35. Marine: Labuan! Manila (Deby Coll.)! China (Thum.)? Tahiti (Grun.). 97. N. multiseriata Grun. (1881). — V. lanceolate, with protracted ends. L. 0,04; B. 0,012 mm. Axial and central areas indistinct. Strie 9 in 0,01 mm., slightly radiate, crossed by two narrow longitudinal bands. — Cu. N. R. D. p. 13 Pl. IIL f. 36. Marine: Tongatabu (Grun.). 98. N. Amicorum Grun. Ms. — V. elliptic-lanceolate, acute. L. 0,0155 to 0,038; B. 0,008 to 0,015 mm. Central pores approximate. Axial and central areas uniting in a lanceolate space. Striz 8 to 9 in 0,01 mm. radiate throughout, coarsely lineate. Lineole 20 in 0,01 mm. — Pl. If. 31. Marine: Tahiti! Galapagos Islands! Var. madagascarensis Cu. — V. lanceolate. L. 0,065; B. 0,013 mm. Strie 8 in 0,01 mm., radiate in the middle, elsewhere parallel. Marine: Madagascar (V. H. Coll.)! 99. N. nicwensis Pzrac. (1888). — V. rhombic-lanceolate, obtuse. L. 0,055; B. 0,015 mm. Axial and central areas uniting in a lanceolate space. Striz 10 in 0,01 mm., radiate throughout, ogranulate». — D. de Villefr. p. 46 Pl. II f. 8. Marine: Mediterranean Sea (Peragallo). 100. N. Platessa Cu. (1881). — V. broadly lanceolate, with acuminate ends. L. 0,028 to 0,03; B. 0,015 to 0,018 mm. Median pores approximate. Terminal nodules distant. Axial and central areas uniting a large, lanceolate space. Striz 8 in 0,01 mm. lineate, lineole 20 in 0,01 mm. — N. R. D. p. 9 PL If. 12. Marine: Galapagos Islands! 101. N. Sti Thome Cr. (1878). — V. lanceolate with triundulated margins and rostrate ends. L. 0,055 to 0,061; B. 0,02 to 0,025 mm. Central pores approximate, terminal nodules near the margin. Axial and central areas uniting in a large, lanceolate space, considerably dilated in the middle. Strie 6 in 0,01 mm., radiate throughout, distinctly lineate. — West Ind. D. p. 6 Pl. If. 4. Marine: West Indies! 102. N. Jamalinensis Cu. (1880). — V. elliptical, with broad, rounded ends. L. 0,03 to 0,065; B. 0,016 to 0,027 mm. Median pores approximate; terminal nodules very distant from the ends. Axial and central area uniting in a very large, lanceolate space. Strie 7 in 0,01 mm. radiate throughout, coarsely lineate; lineole about 20 in 0,01 mm. — A. D. p. 13 Pl. ID f. 40. Marine: Sea of Kara! Cape Deschneff! China! Indian ocean (Grove Coll.)! Var. simievulius Brun (1891). — L. 0,05 to 0,06; B. 0,024 to 0,03 mm. Strie 5 in 0,01 mm. Median line somewhat asymmetrical. Area with a large dot on each side of the median line. — N. simievultus Brun D. espéces n. p. 39 Pl. XVI f. 13. Marine: Japan, fossil (Brun)! KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 2¢. w:o 3. 37 Var. schizostawron Cu. — L. 0,038; B. 0,02 mm. Strie 7 in 0,01 mm. Lineole 20 in 0,01 mm. Central nodule lyriformly dilated. Marine: China (Thum.)! 103. N. Chi Cu. N. Sp. — V. broad, constricted in the middle, with apiculate ends. L. 0,05; B. 0,027, at the constriction 0,021 mm. Central pores approximate, terminal nodules near the ends. Axial and central areas uniting in a large space, crossed by faint continuations of the striz. Strie 9 (middle) to 12 (ends) in 0,01 mm. radiate in the middle, transverse at the ends, very finely lineate. — Pl. I f. 29. Marine: Balearic Islands! Gulf of Naples! This form may easily be mistaken for N. Exul, but it has no axial band of strie. Besides, the striz are very finely lineate. Additional. 104. N. Aquitanie Brun a. Herre. (1893). — V. narrow elliptic-lanceolate, with obtuse ends. L. 0,17 to 0,24; B. 0,034 to 0,045 mm. Axial area in width about a third of the breadth of the valve, lanceolate, slightly dilated in the middle. Striz 10 in 0,01 mm. slightly radiate in the middle, where some few are shorter than the others, convergent and genuflexed in the ends, punctate; puncta about 16 in 0,01 mm. — D. d’Auvergne p. 81 Pl. II f. 4. Brackish water: Auvergne, fossil! A very remarkable species, the terminal striw of which are genuflexed as in N. oblonga. Varies with undulating margins (var. wndulata Brun). At the inner ends of the strie there is a narrow blank band or depression. 105. N. basalte proxima Brun a. Hérip. (1893). — V. linear, with cuneate ends and parallel or slightly concave margins. L. 0,075 to 0,09; B. 0,014 to 0,018 mm. Axial area narrow, dilated to a large central area. Strie 10 in 0,01 mm., radiate in the middle, convergent in the ends, finely punctate. — D. d’Auvergne p. 89 Pl. II f. 5. Brackish water: Auvergne, fossil! Navicule Punctatee. Valve usually symmetrical, elliptical to,lanceolate, with broad and rounded or, frequently, rostrate ends, rarely constricted in the middle, or with undulate margins. Median line usually central; central nodule not stauroid or dilated in lyriform processes; terminal fissures turned in the same or, sometimes, in contrary, directions. Axial area narrow or indistinct. Central area usually small, rarely transverse, and never dilated to a transverse fascia. Structure: distinct puncta arranged in transverse rows (striz) radiate at the ends and in the middle of equal or unequal length, and, besides in longitudinal, undulating, rarely straight, rows. No longitudinal lines or lateral areas (except in N. carinifera and N. interlineata). Connecting zone not complex, usually narrow. Cell-contents unknown. This section, characterized by the distinct puncta composing the striz, comprises two, not sharply distinct, divisions — forms with the median strie of equal length, and forms with the median strie alternately longer and shorter. The former division is very nearly akin to the Lyrate, which differ in the lateral areas. In many forms of the Punctatz there is a tendency to form lateral depressions or areas, where the puncta are less crowded, which suggests a passage to such forms of Lyrate as N. irrorata, N. fluitans and others. Some forms are distinctly intermediate between the two sections, as WN. carinifera. 38 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. The division, comprising forms with the median strie of equal length, is not to be con- sidered as a series of forms starting from the same point as the Lyrate, but rather as a parallel row of allied forms. For instance the following forms may be regarded as nearly connected: Lyrate. Intermediate. Punctate. N. Lyra. N. carinifera. N. scandinavica. N. connectens. N. concilians. N. diffusa. N. Schaarschmidtii. N. transfuga. N. fluitans. N. transfuga var. Neupaveri- N. abrupta. NV. granulata. There seems also to be some connection between the Punctate and the Lineolate. Thus NV. amphibola is no doubt akin to N. Gastrum. Several species of Cymbella, which have distant puncta (C. aspera, C. mexicana etc.) seems also to be related to Punctate, but they have broader axial areas. The same is also the case with the Entoleia, among which are some coarsely punc- tate forms. With the Microsticte the connection is less evident, the forms of that section generally having the puncta closer than the striw. In the Mesoleie there are also some small forms, which might be placed in this section, for instance N. nivalis and others. The Heterostiche are apparently akin to the forms of the division, which have the mediar strie alternately longer and shorter, but they have a finer punctation and the striz are closer towards the ends. Most forms of the section Punctatz are marine, a few only living in fresh water. Some are decidedly inhabitants of brackish water. They occur in all zones and seas. Artificial key. Valve symmetrical. . . ‘ Seat ty eBRUSS Bla hah a ode aed ches Bh 1. { — asymmetrical ..... F a) a Teh ae eae wh ee 2. 9 oe broad a a acy @ ee @ aoe w & So oe _N. Grundleri Cu. a. Grun. ‘ \Ends acute .... Beta ate waite duluawae ed « Givi de x . .. N. Lunula Cu. . 3 ie of equal length Bane | ela, “a Oak ie th ALG uaa 4 ote ce ae SE : — -— unequal — (at least in the middle)... . re ied. oan va, Sa. AB Ends cuneate... 2... 0... ee ee bene .N. Eta Cu. (N. humerosa var.). 4, — rostrate. ...... Sieg 5 — not cuneate or rostrate . Bsa eee Suess ae ee ee wets ay SOE Strie 8 to 9in 01 mm. ...... etc bath tee inn We GAS 6 Aa 6 5. — 12 _ — D Sede, geld. + Race lla shat Ge aati at ag? at ok Ge ig) fe a 7. — 16 _— _— el NS eta) dot aed ee coda dal dee Go Tek aes tne, Sones aletee fu 8. 6 eg fissures in the same directions ........ , N. humerosa Bris. : _— — —contrayy — «........, - ae... NM. Alpha Cn. 7 ie 08mm. ........ Feces e> ik Gh ater che be bare . . . N. Delta Cu. 7 NG O207 MMe eo caked So lB, tage eed oe a ea ae eae N. Xi Ou. 8 a about: Qfoa mms: 4.6 ewe Aa aR ee OG eR a N. pusilla W. Sm. “ \L. about 009 mm... .... 7.0. Bae * BR eage> « St aed . N. Delawarensis Garon. 9 ay elliptical . . . sth Bip ches ee wake Daas dies, LO) ; — lanceolate. ... . F a has : i ter SEL wees ee Mee .. 14. Puncta elongated ...... «ssa. ; ot, List, de Ge ds ye N. Maeandrina Cu. 10. { —_ TOUNA: | ow ek eA oe ee a RO Se en 11. iW { Length about 003 mm. .. 1... 2... ee bore Re. emi ey ty BS 12. i —_ =) 007 MMs fee.) Were a hoe) ok ea ie. eee Re ales ed . 18. 12 (eo strie more coarsely punctate than the others. .. . ... . N. seintillans A. S. : = — not — _— — HE is ee . N. scutelloides W. Sm. 18 ee central area, ke a eA Re N. neogradensis Panv. * | With _ a0 i) -dn tae ee ® gen «Boch Ee ... WN. algida Gron. KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND. 27. w:o 3, tomes aboutOd ‘Wits ys ee aa SR ee ee ate Sse a -eataae 15. SOG MMe he oe wes ie ete ode Clad es ee ea a ee eee 8 in Oo mM. eee we Ge ea we gs N. latissima Gree. BT ve eee ge Ln hh dee om Sie uta ad aE Sasa Pr catia Be dey a vs N. My Cu. og area bordered with a circlet of elongated puncta......... . N. Zeta Cu. — not ae —_ _ _ SS ter send oa OLS eas area large. . . eA MW E> eR fac a ae ee ee N. Febigerii Cu. 8M! as Abe we ee By sae eats N. Newmayeri Pant. Valve biconstricted .. Ge. «ether eatin ... WN. Nove Guineensis Temp. \~ constricted in the middle .... .. sn Hedy) rs Sak ate a . 19. not constricted ....... Meee cae. Rp rane Aes 21. Puncta large, irregular... . Mm hid SON he be eden ta ee N. bilobata Levup. Fort. re arranged in transverse rows. . . Sy Re te ped iy Se pat lat Meee 20. ree rows of puncta 6 in 0,01 mm...... ox a ceylanensis Leup. Fort. _ - RB -—- — ©. .... . 2... N. sublyrata Grun. Valve rostrate. .. 2... .. 048. gd: whine be epam °c y chy Gi5% 22. Se not—- . ..... dhs A gma eine ath, ks Sat 64481: Central area large ... 2... 1. 2. eae Be a a weg . 23. ae — small or indistinct ... . seis, BN) 9 RR ee See caret ese . 26. Puncta closer than the strie.... . ; a: amphibola Cu. (N. Galikit Pant.). ep and strie equidistant. . .. Ss Renilla aks wig ay DA Puncta forming straight longitudinal rows . me OEetk &. ABS ey ae Gamma Cu. var. { — curved _— ee Tae . .. «NM. baccata Brun. a. Temp. — undulating — — Biiep ea ead gieniecdes ey nee 4 N. maculata Batu. Ti Of08 ami: a. ae By eo ee ee RL Re: OO ae See SB oe gd 26. or 0,04 to 0,1 mm. or more .... 1... ee ee et ee islatel «se viata aa ds 27. Strie i In-OOEAMMs ges ieee awe eee OM . . WN. Omicron Cu. ee ee ee eet ae mG We CB akb cae ad car aes . . «NM. Omega Ct. Ends ee Sy eB RAN ae Re Bee eR .. N. diffusa A. §. Wy conspersa Pant.) ce NOt Se a a eee BE eo OA Se eee : ‘ 28. Terminal fissures large, hook-shaped . am Ry AR he A ae N. arabica Grun. Pie Small: pee be sae dre Bs Képecz» (Pant.). Resembles NV. humerosa, but the median striv are of equal length. 18. N. humerosa Bris. (1856). — V. broad, with parallel margins and rostrate to cuneate, obtuse ends. L. 0,05 to 0,1; B. 0,02 to 0,042 mm. Axial area narrow, linear. Central area orbicular or somewhat transversely dilated. Median line frequently with incrassate central pores and hookshaped terminal fissures turned in the same direction. Strie 9 to 10 in 0,01 mm. radiate or parallel in the ends, punctate; puncta 10 to 16 in 0,01 mm., forming undulating, longitudinal rows. Median striz of unequal length. — Sm. B. D. II p. 93. Donk. B. D. p. 18 Pl. III f. 3. A. 8. Atl. VI f. 3, 4,5. V. H. Syn. p. 98 Pl. XI f. 20. WN. quadrata Gree. T. M. S. IV p. 41 f. 5 (1856). Stauroneis erythrea Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 567 Pl. VI f. 17. WN. bengalensis Grun. in A. S. Atl. VI f. 1, 2 (1875). N. Kamorthensis Grun. Verh. 1863 p. 152 Pl. V f. 16. A. S. Atl. VI f. 8, 8*? Marine and brackish: Spitsbergen! Sea of Kara! Finmark! Baltic! North Sea! Mediterranean Sea! Black Sea! Caspian Sea (Grun.), Red Sea! Seychelles! Nicobar Islands! Sumatra! Java! Labuan! Sydney! Cameroon! Var. constricta. — V. slightly constricted in the middle. — Sumbava (Kinker Coll.)! Gulf of Naples (Brun Coll.)! Var Fuchsit Pant. (1889). -- Puncta nearest to the areas elongated. — N. (latissima var.?) Fuchsii Pant. II p. 45 Pl. X f. 170. Marine: Hungary, fossil (Pant.). N. humerosa is somewhat variable in the outline and the punctation of the strie. N. Ka- morthensis in A. S. Atl. has somewhat convex margins. Similar specimens from Samoa (Van Heurck Coll.) differ in nothing else from N. humerosa. N. humerosa is allied with N. punctulata, which has, occasionally, longer and shorter strie intermixed in the middle. On the other hand it is closely connected with N. latissima. 19. N. monilifera Cr. — V. broad, with almost parallel margins and rostrate ends. L. 0,077 to 0,1; B. 0,03 to 0,05 mm. Axial area narrow; central area orbicular, moderately large. Strie 8 in 0,01 mm. radiate throughout. Puncta 7 to 8 in 0,01 mm. — N. granulata Bris. in Donk. T. M.S. VI p. 17 Pl. III f. 19 (1858). B. D. p. 17 Pl. III f. 1. V. H. Syn. p. 98 Pl. XI f. 15. N. granul. v. javanica Luup. Forrm. D. de Malaisie p. 17 Pl. IT f. 2 (1892)? Marine: North Sea! Ceylon! Madagascar! Var. heterosticha Cu. — Strie 8 in 0,01 mm., in the middle alternately longer and shorter. Puncta 10 to 11 in 0,01 mm. — WN. granulata A. S. Atl. VI f. 15. 16. Marine: Hungary, fossil (Deby Coll.)! N. monilifera is closely akin to N. humerosa, from which it differs principally by its coarser punctation. The median strie are in most specimens of equal length, but this is subject to great variation and some shorter rows of puncta are occasionally intermixed in the middle of the valve. As the name N. granulata was used by Batuey 1854 for another species, I have been obliged to change the name. 20. N. latissima Gree. (1856). — V. elliptic-lanceolate. L. 0,05 to 0,13; B. 0,04 to 0,05 mm. Axial area narrow, distinct. Central area orbicular. Striz 7 or 8 (middle) to 9 or 10 (ends) in 0,01 mm., radiate, at the ends parallel, punctate; puncta about 11 in 0,01 mm. The 44 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. median strie of unequal length. — T. M. S. IV p. 40 Pl. V f. 4, 4*. Rates in Pritch Inf. VII f. 70. A.S.N. 8. D. If. 30. Atl. VI f. 7. Donk. B. D. p. 17 Pl. I f. 2. Panr. II Pl. XLI f. 568. Pinnul. divaricata O'Meara M. J. VII p. 116 Pl. V f. 7 (1867). Marine: Finmark! North Sea! Naples! Sebastopol! Ceylon! China! Japan! Hungary, foss.! Var. capitata Pant. (1889). — V. with capitate ends. L. 0,109; B. 0,048 mm. Striz 10,5 in 0,01 mm. — Pant. II p. 49; III Pl. XXXII f. 461. Marine: Hungary, fossil (Pant.). Var. minor Pant. (1889). — V. elliptic-elongated, with capitate ends. L. 0,075; B. 0,03 mm. Striz 10,5 in 0,01 mm. — Pant. II p. 49. Marine: Hungary, fossil (Pant.). Var. elongata Pant. (1889). —- V. elliptic-lanceolate. L. 0,14; B. 0,06 mm. Strie 10 to 11 mm. Puncta 10 to 11 in 0,01 mm. — N. humerosa v. cones Pant. IT p. 48 Pl. X f. 175. Marine: Hungary, fossil: 21. N. Alpha Cu. (1893). — V. broadly lanceolate, with obtuse, subrostrate ends. L. 0,062; B. 0,03 mm. Median line with incrassate central pores, and the terminal fissures turned in contrary directions. Strie 7 in 0,01 mm., a little closer at the ends (9 in 0,01 mm.), radiate, coarsely punctate; puncta 8 in 0,01 mm. Median strie of unequal length. — Diatomiste II p. 13 Pl. If. 4. Marine: Japan! 22. N. Jentzschii Grun. (1882). -- V. elliptical, with rounded ends. L. 0,017 to 0,02; B. 0,009 to 0,o115 mm. Axial and central areas indistinct. Strie 8 or 10 (middle) to 12 or 16 (ends) i in 0,01 mm., frequently closer on one side of the valve, radiate throughout, punctate; puncta 22 in 0,01 mm. — Foss. D. Osterr. Ung. p. 156 Pl. XXX f. 64. Fresh or slightly brackish water: Domblitten, fossil (Grun.), Finland, Abo! Sweden, Mala- ren! Gulf of Bothnia! This species seems to connect the! Punctate with N. lucidula and N. Atomus among the Minuscule. 23. N. torneensis Cx. (1891). — V. lanceolate, with obtuse ends. L. 0,017 to 0,024; B. 0,008 to 0,o1 mm. Axial area indistinct, central area small. Strie 14 in 0,01 mm., radiate at the ends, coarsely punctate; puncta about 14 in 0,01 mm. — D. of Finl. p. 33 Pl. II f. 6. Slightly brackish water: Gulf of Bothnia (Tornea, Pitea)! Var. dboensis Cu. (1881). — V. elliptical. L. 0,012; B. 0,008 mm. — lL. c. f. 7. Fresh water: Finland, Lake Lojo near Abo! 24. N. lacustris Gree. (1856). — V. lanceolate, with subacute or subrostrate ends. L. 0,035 to 0,055; B. 0,016 to 0,018 mm. Axial area narrow; central area small, but distinct, orbicular. Terminal fissures seem to be turned in contrary directions. Strie 14 to 16, radiate at the ends, distinctly punctate; puncta about 18 in 0,01 mm., larger near the areas. — M. J. IV Pl. I f. 23. Cu. D. of Finl. p. 34 Pl. IT f. 14. Fresh water: Scotland, Loch Leven! Lule Lapmark! Finland! Germany, Oberrohe! Canada, Port Hope! 25. N. Toulae Pant. (1893). — V. lanceolate. L. 0,056; B. 0,021 mm. Axial area in- distinct. Central area small, rounded. Strie 10 in 0,01 mm. radiate throughout, composed of somewhat elongated puncta (9 in 0,01 mm.) arranged in almost straight longitudinal rows. Median strie shortened. — Pant. III Pl. XiI f. 196. Fresh water?: Hungary, Képecz (Pant.). 26. N. Gamma Ct. (1893). — V. lanceolate, with subrostrate ends. B. 0,036; B. 0,014 mm. Terminal fissures in contrary direction. Axial area indistinct; central area large, orbicular or KONGL, SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 2¢. w:o 3. 45 somewhat transverse. Stria 12 (middle) to 13 (ends) in 0,01 mm. radiate throughout, coarsely punctate; puncta 14 in 0,01 mm. — Diatomiste II p. 12 Pl. I f. 2. Slightly brackish water: Amatitlan, Guatemala, fossil! Var. rectilineata Ct. (1893). — L. 0,032; B. 0014 mm. Striz 16 in 0,01 mm. composed of puncta, 17 in 0,01 mm., arranged in straight, longitudinal rows. — Diatomiste Vol. II p. 12 Pl. If. 1. Brackish water: Cameroon, Africa! 27. N. amphibola Cx. (1891). — V. elliptic-lanceolate, with rostrate, truncate ends. L. 0,037 to 0,07; B. 0,o2 mm. Axial area narrow, but distinct. Central area rectangular, transversely dilated, broader outwards. Striz 9 to 10 in 0,01 mm. radiate throughout, punctate; puncta 12 to 15 in 0,01 mm. — N. punctata v. asymmetrica Laast. Spitsb. D. p. 29 Pl. II f. 7 (1873). N. Gastrum v. styriaca Grn. Foss. D. Ost. Ung. p. 144 Pl. KXX f. 50 (1882). Franz Jos. Land D. p. 98 Pl. I f. 35. N. amphibola Cu. D. of Finl. p. 33 (1891). N. styriaca Pant. III Pl. VI f. 102; Pl. XII f. 194; Pl. XX f. 298 (1893). Fresh water: Franz Josefs-Land (Grun.) Spitsbergen! Beeren Eiland (Lagerst.), Sweden, Alnarp, Skane! Finland! Hungary, fossil (Grun.), S:ta Rosa, Calif.! Chicago foss.! 28. N. Gdlikii Panr. (1889). — V. elliptic-lanceolate, rostrate. L. 0,034; B. 0,o15 mm. Axial area narrow. Central area transversely dilated. Strie 7,5 to 8 in 0,01 mm., radiate throughout. Puncta 10 in 0,01 mm. — N. (Gastrum var.?) Gdlikii Pant. IL p. 46 Pl. XI f. 192. Brackish water: Hungary, fossil (Pant.). Probably the same as N. amphibola. 29. N. Grovei Cx. (1893). — V. broadly lanceolate, with obtuse ends. L. 0,06; B. 0,03 mm. Axial area narrow. Central area large, transversely dilated, and widened outwards. Terminal fissures in the same direction. Striz 16 in 0,01 mm., radiate throughout. Puncta equidistant, 15 in 0,01 mm. Among the median strie a few shorter are intermixed. — Diatomiste II p. 15 Pl. 1 £. 14, Marine: Oamaru, N. Zealand, fossil! This species seems to be akin to N. transfuga var. Neupaueri. 30. N. baccata Temp. a. Brun (1889). — V. broad, with parallel or slightly convex margins and cuneate or rostrate, obtuse or truncate ends. L. 0,05 to 0,055; B. 0,025 to 0,o27 mm. Ter- minal fissures in the same direction. Axial area linear. Central area large, orbicular. Strix 5,5 in 0,01 mm., radiate throughout. Puncta 6 in 0,01 mm. forming somewhat curved, longitudinal rows. — D. foss. du Japon p. 42 Pl. V f. 10. Marine: Japan, fossil! Colon (Deby Coll.)! 31. N. Sehulzii Kain (1889). — V. elliptical with rounded, obtuse ends. L. 0,12; B. 0,04 mm. Axial area distinct, narrowed towards the central and terminal nodules. Central area large, somewhat transverse. Terminal fissures turned in the same direction. Strie 7 in 0,01 mm., radiate throughout. Puncta 6 in 0,01 mm., forming somewhat curved, longitudinal rows. — Bull. Tor. Bot. Cl. March 1889 p. 75 Pl. 89 f. 2 (according to Wolle Am. D. Pl. XXIV f. 5). N. con- foederata Pant. III Pl. XXXIV f. 481 (1893). Marine: Atlantic City, N. Jersey, fossil (Deby Coll.)! Var. californica Ct. — V. elliptical, with subacute ends. L. 0,096; B. 0,o42 mm. Strie 5, puncta 5 in 0,01 mm. — Pl. I f. 26. Marine: San Pedro, Calif. fossil (Kinker Coll.)! Var. marylandica Cu. — V. broadly elliptic-lanceolate, with obtuse ends. L. 0,09; B. 0,05 mm. Strie 6 in 0,01 mm. Puncta 6 to 7 in 0,01 mm., largest at the margins and gradually decreasing in size towards the areas, forming irregular longitudinal rows. Marine: Nottingham, Maryland, fossil (Dr. Rae Coll.)! 46 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. 32. N. maculata Bart (1850). — V. lanceolate, with subrostrate ends. L. 0,09 to 0,12; B. 0,035 to 0,045 mm. Axial area linear, narrow. Central area large, somewhat transverse. Strie 6,5 in 0,01 mm. radiate throughout. Puncta 6 to 7 in 0,01 mm. forming undulating, longi- tudinal rows. — Stauroneis maculata Batt. Smitas Contr. 1850 p. 40 Pl. II f. 32. N. Fuscheri A. S. Atl VI f. 38 (1875). Marine: Marble Head, Mass.! Pensacola, Florida! Var. caribea Cu. (1875). — L. 0,056 to 0,1; B. 0,025 to 0,o4 mm. Strie and puncta 7 in 0,01 mm. Central area small. — WN. carib. Cu. West Ind. D. p. 5. A. S. Atl. VI £10 12. Marine: West Indies! Florida! Zanzibar (Atl.), Labuan! Port Jackson! 33. N. Omicron Ci. N. Sp. — V. elliptical, with apiculate ends. L. 0,028; B. 0,011 mm. Axial and central areas indistinct. Strie 10 in 0,01 mm. slightly radiate throughout. Puncta 10 to 11 in 0,01 mm. — P]. If. 11. Marine: Galapagos Islands! 34. N. Omega Cx. (1893). — V. broadly elliptical-lanceolate, with rostrate ends. L. 0,026; B. 0,015 mm. Axial area indistinct. Central area very small, rounded. Terminal fissures at distance from the ends. Transverse striz 17 in 0,01 mm., slightly radiate throughout, coarsely punctate. Puncta 17 in 0,01 mm., forming nearly straight, longitudinal rows. — Diatomiste II p. 56 Pl. III f. 6. Marine: Etretat (Temp. Perag. Types N:o 406). 35. N. diffusa A. S. (1874). — V. with parallel margins and apiculate ends. L. 0,072; B. 0,03 mm. On each side of the median line is a longitudinal depression. Axial area narrow; central area distinct. Striz 9 in 0,01 mm., radiate throughout. — Atl. II f. 28. Pxzrag. Villefr. p. 49 Pl. TIT f. 30. Marine: Gulf of Mexico (Atl.), Mediterranean Sea (Perag.). Var.? balearica Cu. — V. in L. 0,052; B. 0,022 mm. Axial area indistinct; central small. Strie 11 in 0,01 mm. Puncta 12 in 0,01 mm. forming undulating longitudinal rows. Valve without longitudinal depressions. Marine: Balearic Islands! Var. minor Cu. — L. 0,037; B. 0,015 mm. Striz 13; puncta 16 in 0,01 mm. Marine: Java! 36. N. sublyrata Grun. (1883). — V. elongated, constricted in the middle. L. 0,046; B. 0,01, at the constriction 0,007 mm. Axial area indistinct. Central area very small. Strie 12 in 0,01, parallel, distinctly punctate. — Cu. Vega p. 496 Pl. XXXV f. 17. Marine and brackish: North America (Grun.), Labuan! 37. N. eeylanensis Leup. Forrm. (1879). -- V. elongated, constricted in the middle; seg- ments lanceolate. L. 0,16; B. 0,04, at the constriction 0,024 mm. Areas indistinct. Strie 6 in 0,01 mm. transverse, coarsely punctate; puncta forming longitudinal rows. — D. de Ceylon p. 26 Bl; It. 25. Marine: Ceylon (Leud. Fortm.). 38. N. bilobata Leup. Forrm. (1879). — V. strongly constricted in the middle, with broadly elliptic-lanceolate segments. L. 0,07; B. 0,0255, at the constriction 0,0115 mm. Areas indistinct. Valve with large irregular puncta. — D. de Ceylon p. 24 Pl. II f. 24. Marine: Ceylon (Lend., Fortm.). N. bilobata and N. ceylanensis are unknown to the author and may possibly represent some forms of Dictyoneis. KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 2¢. w:0 3. 47 39. N. punctulata W. Sm. (1853). — V. elliptic-lanceolate, with subrostrate ends. L. 0,04 to 0,06; B. 0,025 to 0,03 mm. Axial area narrow or indistinct. Central area small, orbicular. Strie 10 to 13 in 0,01 mm., radiate throughout. Puncta 10 in 0,01 mm. equidistant. Among the median strie there are a few shorter frequently intermixed. — B. D. I p. 52 Pl. XVI f. 151. N. marina Ratrs Pritch. Inf. p. 903 (1861). Donk. B. D. p. 19 Pl. IIT f. 5. A. S. Atl. VI f. 9. V. Ho Syn. p88 £1. XL f. 16. Marine and brackish: Greenland! Finmark! Sea of Kara! North Sea! Caspian Sea (Grun.), Massachusetts! Florida! Barbados! South Africa! Mediterranean Sea! Ceylon! Port Jackson! Cali- fornia! Var. cluthensis Gree. (1857). — V. elliptical, with rounded ends. L. 0,045 to 0,05; B. 0,025 mm. Axial area indistinct or narrow. Central area indistinct or small, orbicular. Strie 10 to 14 in 0,01 mm., radiate throughout, punctate; puncta 12 to 13 in 0,01 mm. — N. cluthensis Gree. D. of Clyde p. 478 Pl. IX f. 2. NM. Cl. v. maculifera Cu. N. R. D. p. 9 PL II f. 23. N. erythrea Groun. Verh. 1860 p. 539 Pl. V f. 17. Marine and brackish: Finmark! North Sea! Baltic! Cape Horn (Petit), Madagascar! Ceylon! Nicobar Island! Tahiti! Var. finmarchica Grun. (1880). — L. 0,036 to 0,047; B. 0,022 to 0.024 mm. Striz 11 to 12 in 0,01 mm. Central area indistinct. — N. cluth. v. finm. Gruy. A. D. p. 40 Pl. II f. 49. Marine: Finmark (Grun.). Var. striolata Grun. (1884). — Strie 14 in 0,01 mm. Puncta 8 in 0,01 mm. forming longi- tudinal rows. — N. cluth. v. striol. Grun. Franz Jos. Land D. 1884 p. 104. Cr. M. D. N:o 156. Brackish water: Fiskebackskil, Sweden. Var. Nove Zealandie Grun. (1884). — L. 0,029; B. 0,015 mm. Striez 11 (middle) to 14 (ends) in 0,01 mm. Central area indistinct. Valve with a marginal furrow. — N. cluth. v. Nove Zeal. Grun. Franz Jos. Land D. p. 104. Marine: N. Zealand (Grun.). Var. pagophila Grun. (1884). — L. 0,031; B. 0,014 mm. Areas indistinct. Strie 14 in 0,01 mm., distinctly punctate. — N. cluth. v. pagophila Grun. Franz Jos. Land D. p. 104 Pl. I f. 30. Marine: Franz Jos. Land. The name N. punctulata was given 1842 by Eurenpere to a form, which, to judge from the figure in the Micro-geologic is doubtless Anomoeoneis serians. As this species is not included in Navicula, I think it advisable to retain the name, given by W. Smita. Between N. punctu- lata and N. Cluthensis there are no distinctions other than the form of the ends, which are sub- rostrate in the former and broadly rounded in the latter. This characteristic is so trifling that I have united them. Among the median strize a few shorter are usually intermixed, which with other characteristics shews that NV. punctulata is nearly akin to N. humerosa. By the var. clu- thensis it is also related to N. glucialis Cu. As N. cluth. var. minuta I, in 1881 (N. R. D. p. 10 Pl. II f. 22), described a small form with more distinct axial area. It does not belong to the section Punctate, and, as it is not sufficiently characterized, may be dropped. 40. N. brasiliensis Grun. (1863). — V. lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, sometimes with subrostrate ends. L. 0,054 to 0,16; B. 0,027 to 0,055 mm. Terminal fissures in the same direction. Axial area indistinct. Central area small, rounded, frequently slightly transversely dilated. Strie 8 to 12 in 0,01 mm. slightly radiate throughout. Puncta close towards the margins, more distant in the median part of the valve, where they form longitudinal, undulating rows. — Verh. 1863 p- 152 Pl. V f. 10. Novara p. 19. A. 8S. Atl. Pl. VI f. 19 to 25, 31 to 33. Marine: Atlantic coast of N. America (Connecticut, North Carolina)! West Indies! Cam- peachy Bay! Brazil! Bab el Mandeb! Zanzibar (Atl.), Madagascar! Ceylon! Singapore! Labuan! China! Japan! New Caledonia! Samoa! Sandwich Islands (Atl.). 48 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. Var.? bicuneata Ct. — V. with parallel margins and cuneate ends. L. 0,10 to 0,12; B. 0,04 mm. Axial area linear. Central area transversely dilated, small. Stria 8 in 0,01 mm., the median more approximate and more closely punctate. — Pl. I f. 19. Marine: Pensacola! Connecticut! This variety, determined by Grun. as N. arabica, has nearly the same outline as f. 28 Pl. VI in A. 8. Atl. Var. fossilis Pant. (1889). — V. with cuneate ends. L. 0,027; B. 0,014 mm. Axial area distinct, not dilated around the central nodule. Strize 12,5 in 0,01 mm. — Panv. II p. 43 Pl. V f. 82. Marine: Hungary, fossil (Pant.). 41. N. scandinavica Lagstr. (1876). — V. elliptic-lanceolate, with rostrate ends. lL. 0,063 to 0,105; B. 0,028 to 0,034 mm. Axial area indistinct. Central area small, transverse. Striea 12 to 14 in 0.01 mm. almost parallel, distinctly punctate; puncta about 13 in 0,01 mm. — UN. lacustris A. S. N. 8. D. p. 88 Pl. I f. 29 (1874) Atl. VI f. 30. Stawroneis scandin. Laest. Boh. D. p. 47. Staur. dilatata Strése Klieken f. 28? Staur. Hichhornii Scuum. Pr. D. p. 189 Pl. IX f. 55 (1862)? Marine: North Sea (Bohuslin, Norway)! This species is probably allied to N. carinifera. There is on each side of the median line a narrow, longitudinal depression, which extends to the margin. 42. N. carinifera Grun. (1874). — V. lanceolate, with the axial part elevated towards the ends. L. 0,09 to 0,11; B. 0,03 to 0,o4 mm. Axial area indistinct; central area small, transverse. Strie 9 to 10 in 0,01 mm., slightly radiate, distinctly punctate; puncta 15 in 0,01 mm. — A. 8. Atl. IT f. 1. Marine: Balearic Islands! Campeachy Bay! West Indies! Florida! Forma minor. — L. 0,072; B. 0,024 mm. Striz 11 in 0,01 mm. less distinctly punctate. — A. StL, Tf 2. Marine: Campeachy Bay (Atl.). Var. densius striata A. 8. (1881). — L. 0,12; B. 0,04 mm. Striz 11 in 0,01 mm. — Atl. LXX f. 42. Marine: Jamaica (AtlL.). Var. laxepunctata Cu. — L. 0,18; B. 0,05 mm. Striz 11 in 0,01 mm.; puncta close towards the margin, inwards more distant, forming undulate longitudinal rows, 8 to 9 in 0,01 mm. Marine: Kobi, Japan (Temp., Perag. Types N:o 188). 43. N. granulata Barn (1854). — V. elliptic-lanceolate. L. 0,045 to 0,07; B. 0,022.t0 0,032 mm. Axial area linear, narrowed towards the central nodule and the ends. Central area orbicular. Strie 10' in 0,01 mm. slightly radiate throughout. Puncta closer near the margins, about 13 in 0,01 mm., more scattered on the depressed parts on both sides of the median line, where they* form distant, undulating, longitudinal rows. — Smirus Contr. VII f. 16. N. polysticta Grev. Ed. N. Ph. J. X p. 28 Pl. IV f. 12 (1859). N. Baileyana A. S. N.S. D. Pl. I f. 31 (1874). Atl. VI f. 26, 27. Marine: North Sea! Mediterranean Sea (Perag.), Bab el Mandeb! Ceylon! Japan! Sydney! Calif. guano (Grev.). 44. N. transfuga Grun. (1883). — V. elliptic-lanceolate with rostrate or subrostrate ends, depressed on both sides of the median line. Depressions large, lunate. L. 0,07 to 0,11; B. 0,045 to 0,o6 mm. Axial area indistinct; central area large, dilated outwards, and rounded or not sharply defined. Strie 9 in 0,01 mm., slightly radiate throughout. Puncta closer near the margins (11 to 12 in 0,01 mm.) than on the depressed areas (about 6 in 0,01 mm.), where they form undulating longitudinal rows. — Cu. Vega p. 511 Pl. XXXV f. 15. Marine: Bab el Mandeb! Seychelles! China (Weissflog Coll.)! Japan (Brun Coll.)! KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 27. wn:o 3. 49 Var. Neupaueri Pant. (1886). — V. elliptical, with obtuse, not rostrate, ends. Strie 11 or 12 (middle) to 12 or 13 (ends). — N. Neupaueri Pant. I p. 27 Pl. XIV f. 123. Marine: Hungary, fossil! Japan, fossil (Tempére), Madagascar! China (Grove Coll.). Var. plagiostoma Grun. (1879). — V. with parallel margins and rostrate ends. L. 0,045 to 0,075; B. 0,022 to 0,o32 mm. Axial area narrow. Central area large, more dilated on one half of the valve than on the other. Strie 10 in 0,01 mm. slightly radiate, parallel at the ends. Puncta about 12 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. plagiost. Gruy. in Cl. M. D. N:o 257. Marine: Virgin Islands! Pensacola! North Carolina! Forma fossilis Pant. (1889). — L. 0,051; B. 0,024 mm. Strie 12,5 in 0,01 mm. — N. irro- rata v. fossilis Pant. II p. 49 Pl. VIII f. 147. Marine: Hungary, fossil (Pant.). It seems, to judge from the figure, questionable whether the var. fossilis is not an Ano- moeoneis. 45. N. Epsilon Cx. (1893). — V. lanceolate, with rostrate ends. L. 0,08 to 0,1; B. 0,04 mm. Median line with bifid median pores, and terminal fissures turned in opposite directions. Axial area narrow, slightly dilated around the central nodule. Striz 10 in 0,01 mm., radiate throughout. Puncta near the margins 10 in 0,01 mm., on the depression about 6 in 0,01 mm. dis- posed in undulating, longitudinal rows. — Diatomiste II p. 12 Pl. I f. 3. Marine: China (Thum!) Japan (Brun Coll.)! 46. N. margaritifera Truan a. Writr (1888). — V. elliptical, with acute ends. L. 0,1; B. 0,05 mm. Median line with the ends at some distance from the margin of the valve. Struc- ture: large puncta (about 5 in 0,01 mm.) irregularly scattered over the whole valve. — Jeremie BD. p. 17 Pl. TV £10: Marine: Hayti, fossil (Truan and Witt). This form is very dissimilar to all of this section and its systematic position uncertain. N. Reusti Pant. III Pl. XXXIII f. 473 (1898) has also scattered puncta, but with a rim of fine strie. It may be an allied species, if not N. glacialis var. septentrionalis. 47. N. arabica Grun. (1875). — V. with parallel margins and rostrate ends. L. 0,12; B. 0,04 mm. Terminal fissures large, hookshaped. Central area transversely dilated. Striz 8 in 0,01 mm., slightly radiate throughout. Puncta 7 in 0,01 mm. disposed in undulating, longitudinal rows. — A. S. Atl. VI f. 14. Marine: Zanzibar (Atl.). The above description is from the fig. in Atl., which shews terminal fissures of a shape, very dissimilar to those of all other species of this section. Specimens by Grunow determined as N. arabica, are identical with N. brasiliensis var. bicuneata. 48. N. oseitans A. S. (1875). — V. elliptical. L. 0,055 to 0,09; B. 0,03 to 0,05 mm. Axial area indistinct; central area irregular, frequently a transverse linear space narrowed outwards. Strie 9 to 10 in 0,01 mm., radiate throughout, punctate; puncta about 8 in 0,01 mm., closer towards the margin than on the depressed parts on both sides of the median line. — Atl. VI f. 41. Marine: Balearic Islands! Macassar Straits! Japan, fossil (Brun Coll.)! S:ta Monica, Calif. fossil! Monterey (Atl.). The fig. 40 Pl. VI in A. S. Atl. from Davis strait belongs probably to N. oscitans. I have seen similar forms from S:ta Monica (Deby Coll.) and Redondo (Grove), which I cannot separate from NV. oscitans. Var. subundulata Cu. and Grove (1891). — V. elliptical, with rounded ends. L. 0,092; B. 0,06 mm. Axial area indistinct, central irregular. Surface of the valve with a slight depression on both sides of the median line. Strie 7 in 0,01 mm., slightly radiate, composed of puncta, more Kongl. Sv. Vet. Akad. Hand]. Band 27. N:o 3. 7 50 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. distant on the depressions (8 in 0,01 mm.) than towards the margin and the median line (18 in 0,o1 mm.). — Diatomiste I p. 67 Pl. X f. 10. Marine: Macassar Straits! This form is perhaps to be considered as a distinct species. 49. N. impressa Grun. (1875). — V. elliptic-lanceolate. L. 0,06 to 0,075; B. 0,034 to 0,045 mm. Axial area indistinct, central area small. Strize 7 to 9 in 0,01 mm. parallel in the middle, slightly radiate at the ends. Puncta coarse, 7 to 11 in 0,01 mm. On both sides of the median line are large lunate depressions. — A. 8S. Atl. VI f. 17, 18. Marine: Campeachy Bay! Sumbava (Kinker Coll.)! 50. N. sparsipunctata Grove and Srurr (1886). — V. broadly elliptical, with rounded ends. L. 0,05 to 0,065; B. 0,03 to 0,o4 mm. Central nodule very small. Terminal fissures indistinct. Axial area narrow, linear, unilateral. Central area indistinct. Strie 10 in 0,01 mm. parallel in the middle, radiate at the ends. Puncta coarse. inequidistant, about 6 in 0,01 mm. At some distance from the margin is a narrow, not punctate, space. — Quek. M. Cl]. IT (2) p. 323 Pl. XVIII f. 1. Marine: Oamaru, New Zealand, fossil! This is a very remarkable form, not closely akin to any known species. The median line and the central nodule are especially peculiar. 51. N. interlineata Grove and Srurr (1886). — V. elliptic-lanceolate. L. 0,1; B. 0,05 mm. Axial area narrow, very slightly dilated around the central nodule. Terminal fissures indistinct. Strie 8 in 0,01 mm., radiate throughout. Puncta 8 in 0.01 mm. forming irregularly undulating rows. On both sides of the median line is a narrow, arcuate, lateral area, inside which the puncta form more regular longitudinal rows. — J. Quek. M. Cl. II (2) p. 823 Pl. XVIII f. 2. Marine: Oamaru, New Zealand, fossil! A very remarkable species, which shews some resemblance to Diploneis nitida. 52. N. fraudulenta A. 8. (1881). — V. elliptical with rounded ends. L. 0,03 to 0,045; B. 0,019 to 0,023 mm. Axial area indistinct. Central area small, not sharply defined. Strize 14 (middle) to 18 (ends) in 0,01 mm. slightly radiate at the ends, composed of puncta, about 13 in 0,o1 mm., disposed towards the median line in straight, somewhat distant, longitudinal rows. — N. 8. D. III p. 18 (without name). N. fraudulenta A. S. Atl. LXX f. 60. N. restituta A. S. accord. to Grun. in Cl. M. D. N:o 102 (1878). Marine: North Sea! Sebastopol! A small, very distinct species, not to be mistaken for any other. 53. N. Nove Guinewnsis Temp. (1891). — V. broad, biconstricted apiculate. L. 0,04 to 0,05; B. 0,027 mm. Central nodule transversely dilated. Axial area narrow, linear. Central area trans- versely dilated. Striz 11 in 0,01 mm., strongly radiate at the ends, composed of coarse puncta, about 7 in 0,01 mm. forming undulating longitudinal rows. — Diatomiste I p. 71, Pl. XI f. 1. Brackish water: Yule- Island (New Guinea)! This is a very interesting form, not closely connected with any other. The median line has somewhat arcuate components, which suggests that the valve is slightly genuflexed as in Achnanthes. The coarse structure resembles that of Nav. Tuscula, but the direction of the termi- nal rews of puncta is different and there is no appearance of a lineation across the puncta. The dilated central nodule, as well as the strongly inclined striz, remind one of the lower valve of Achnanthes danica and its allies, but the structure is much coarser and the valve strongly silicious. 54. N. Pi Cr. (1893) — V. rhombic-lanceolate, with obtuse ends. L. 0,08; B. 0,022 mm. Axial area indistinct; central area small. Terminal fissures in the same direction. Striz 11 (middle) to KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 2¢. N:0 3. 51 12 (ends) in 0,01 mm. almost parallel. Puncta about 12 in 0,01 mm. forming slightly undulating longitudinal rows. — Diatomiste II p. 15 Pl. I f. 13. Marine: China (Van Heurck Coll.)! 55. N. doljensis Pan. (1886). — V. lanceolate. with subacute ends. L. 0,142; B. 0,033 mm. Median line with approximate central pores, slightly undulating. Axial area indistinct, central very small, orbicular. Strie 9 in 0.01 mm., transverse throughout, coarsely punctate, puncta about 9 in 0,01 mm. — Pant. I p. 24 Pl. XXIV f. 219. Marine: Hungary, fossil (Pant.). 56. N. Brunii Pant. (1886). — V. lanceolate, with subobtuse ends. L. 0,084; B. 0,027 mm. Median line straight, with approximate central pores. Axial area indistinct. central a short and narrow transverse fascia. Striz 9 in 0,01 mm. slightly radiate in the middle, slightly convergent at the ends, coarsely punctate. — Pant. I p. 23 Pl. XXIV f. 217. Marine: Hungary, fossil (Pant.). 57. N. Lunula Cu. — V. moderately asymmetrical, with convex dorsal and ventral margins and subacute ends. L. 0,062; B. 0,016 mm. Median line straight. Axial area narrow, not dilated around the central nodule. Strie 13 in 0,01 mm., slightly radiate. coarsely punctate; puncta 13 in 0,01 mm. Median ventral strie not ending in isolated puncta. — Part I Pl. V f. 5. Marine: Java! Of this form I have seen one specimen only, in a gathering of shell-sand found at Java by Dr. Avrivitutus. There were no freshwater forms in the material, so I have no doubt about the marine habitat of this form, which could be placed in Cymbella, were not the puncta so distant and the habitat marine. 58. N. Grundleri Cu. a. Grown. (1878). — V. broad with almost parallel or very slightly concave sides and broad rounded ends. L. 0,075 to 0,098; B. 0,o28 mm. Median line excentric, with large hook-shaped terminal fissures turned in the same directions. Axial area indistinct; central area small and orbicular. Strie 10 to 12 in 0,01 mm., slightly radiate in the middle and convergent at the ends, coarsely punctate; puncta 9 to 12 arranged in undulating longitudinal rows. — Alloioneis Griindleri Cu. West Ind. D. p. 7 Pl. IL f. 10. Marine: West Indies! Campeachy Bay! Colon! Fossil: Oamaru, New Zeeland! Var. symmetrica Cu. — L. 0,07; B. 0,03 mm. Median line almost central, its terminal fissures small. Striz 15, puncta 14 in 0,01 mm. Marine: Oamaru, New Zealand, fossil! This is a very remarkable species, not nearly akin to any other. The var. symmetrica, although in some characteristics differing from the type, can however in my opinion not be sepa- rated from N. Grundleri, especially as the asymmetrical type occurs also at Oamaru. N. Grundleri is a form intermediate to the Amphore of the section Psammamphora or Amblyamphoru, and has as these, the strix in the middle between the central. and terminal nodules divergent from the median line. Additional. N. arverna Hiri. a. Peraa. (1893). —- V. broadly elliptical, with apiculate ends. L. 0,05; B. 0,013 mm. Axial area narrow. Central area star-like. Stria 5 in 0,01 mm. radiate in the middle and alternately longer and shorter, transverse at the ends, coarsely punctate. — D. d’Au- vergne p. 105 Pl. IV f. 19. Fresh water? Auvergne, fossil. 52 Pp. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. Navicule Lyratz Ct. Valve usually elliptical to lanceolate, rarely constricted in the middle. Median line with curved terminal fissures, rarely in contrary direction, or bayonet-shaped. Axial area indistinct. Central area small, united to two, more or less broad, lateral areas. Structure of the valve: usually distinct puncta, disposed in transverse rows, radiate at the ends of the valve, and in undulating longitudinal rows. Zone not complex. I have examined some living specimens of N. Lyra, N. spectabilis and N. Hennedyw. All have two chromatophore-plates along the valves. The margins of the plates are strongly indented. From the apices a narrow and deep sinus proceeds towards the central nodule and has at its end an eleoplast. As the plates in some cases were deeply constricted in the middle it seems probable that they divide by a fissure at right angle to the median line. a Nav. Hennedyt with cell-contents, Nav. Lyra var. with cell-contents, 600 times mngnified. 600 times magnified. The most important characteristic of this group consists in the lateral areas, which are to be regarded as lateral expansions of the central nodule. They are more silicious than other parts of the valve, and coherent with the mass of the usually small central nodule. This group, corresponding to the Hennedyées and Lyrées in Van Hzurcx’s Synopsis, com- prises an enormous mass of forms, in which are more transitions than in any other group of navi- culoid diatoms. All the characteristics are subject to so much variation, that I am unable to distinguish more than a very few, well defined species, although besides the numerous pu- blished figures I have examined at least 300 sketches of forms from all parts of the world. I have tried to obtain characteristics from the relative number of the striz and their puncta, but the variation, even in the same species, is too great. The outline of the valve offers no trustworthy characteristics, the same species occurring with rounded, obtuse and rostrate ends. The breadth and form of the lateral areas are also subject to great variations, so that all possible transitions can be traced from the large lunate areas of N. Hennedyi to the narrow and linear areas of N. Lyra. The presence or absence of markings in the areas offer no characteristics for specific distinction. Inspection of a large number of specimens has induced me to unite in one species a considerable number of forms, hitherto admitted as distinct species. The forms be- longing to NV. approximata, N. Hennedyi, N. spectabilis, N. clavata and N. Lyra are numerous, and the simplest and most effective course would perhaps have been to unite these five species, and possibly others; as they all pass by numerous intermediate forms into each other. KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 27%, y:0 3. 53 The group most nearly connected with the Nav. Lyrate is the Nav. punctate, both being united by numerous transitional forms. In some cases it is difficult to decide whether a form belongs to the Nav. punctate or the Nav. lyrate. Such forms are for instance N. transfuga and N. carinifera among the Punctate and N. Schaarschmidtii among the Lyrate. On the other hand the Nav. lyratez offer some resemblance to the genus Diploneis, especially in D. hyalina, D. Hudsonis and some other forms. The prolongations of the central nodule in Diploneis correspond evidently to the lateral] expansions of the central nodule in the Lyratz, but there are no longitudinal lines in Lyrate as in Diploneis, and in Diploneis there is no punctate space between the median line and the prolongations of the central nodule. All the forms of this Section live in salt water, a few only (. pygmea and some varieties of N. foreipata) living in brackish water; so that the forms of this section of Navicula are very characteristic of purely marine deposits. In the older deposits only few occur. From the Barbados deposit I have seen only one specimen, of a species akin to N. Barbitos. In the Oamaru deposit there are a few peculiar forms, one of which has the terminal fissures in contrary directions, and another has almost straight terminal fissures. In the deposits of the miocene or oligocene age forms of Lyratz begin to become numerous, one of the most frequent being . pretexta. In the present age, forms of this Section are very frequent, and the same species have a very wide range of distribution. Most species of this section being transitional and their characteristics subject to great variation, it is extremely difficult to construct a satisfactory artificial key. Still I believe the following will be of use. Artificial key. Lateral areas uniting with the central area ee ee eSBs uty ee, Ee! ae — not — _ — — a ne ; : N. concilians Cu. Puncta oe straight longitudinal rows. |. ...... _N. Durandi Kirtox. ee undulating — — nae fa = boaicsthe Se 3. Lateral areas linear... . d 3 EH a 4. Se — broader in the shtadte j ie ‘ eA 20. Spaces between the areas and the median line _ striate . ae 5. aie _— _ — not — : N. Reichardtit Grow. Central pores incrassate : : oa : : : is 6. Se — not — ‘ : F ‘ ‘ j ‘ ; 7. { Strie abont 13 in 0,01 mm. ite Je ' N. forcipata Grun. 145 to 22 — — ; a F N. forcipata var. ie pe — about 26 - — are .N. pygmea Kotz. Lateral areas short, not reaching to the margin 8. - a ae — reaching — — ce 11. 7 es pe at the margin in double rows of small ‘apts : N. rudis Cu. — not— — _— — _— — _ — elles ae) OD g, i area narrowed at the ends and in the middle N. abrupta Grue. — indistinct . eM Ge Oe im fae. oes efaran i N. copiosa A. S. —14 — : ree, P . N. Sandriana Gron. 24. has Axial aes of the valve elevated ah the iia ; edek’, 09 4 ie tood . . 26. = not — _— ee eee ee ; es BB 25. ea with puncta in short undulating rows... ... N. venustissima Kirt. — irregular puncta ms ; : 4 3 hs Ge . N. venusta Jan. 26. Areas narrow ...... mo Je oN. ‘hate var. biharensis. broad... , BRE. Re eae Bde : . 27. 97. { ro indentate in the middle e. ak N. spectabilis var. jningarica and var. excavata. — not — — — Sa ae ee 0 Areas semiorbicular . . ; oo wos N. oamaruensis Grun. 28. ; semielliptical . ..... PE ote . 9 we se stand 29. 29. | odian por portion of the areas smooth. . ...... . . « N. Stercus muscarum Cu. — — punctate j na ; . 80. Minds POBtTALE: hs.) age rte oe (Ee ie Ea N. clavata var. indica. 30. — non— . : Heo om 28K Areas with large dois 6 N. perfecta Pann, (N. Hennedyi var. caliginosa and var. 31. Neapolitana). — short, undulating rows of puncta. : ..... N. reticulo-radiata Br. a. Temp. — irregular puncta .. ©. ........04. ‘ - 82. 32. | strie of 2 to 4 puncta. ... N. pretexta Exp. (N. Hennedyi var. wncinisctian — —4t8 — ae, my N. Schaarschmidtit Pant. 33. eng constricted in the middle . . LN. clavata var. exul (N. Hennedyi var. constricta). not — _— ee WA pag Ge sie he cioeas cee Goats me, mated a «io tog rostrate . eh bad ban nine ee BO N. clavata Grxc. 34. = ponies gk Gl hg meee wi oe ‘ oe. gy BD: ares contracted in the middle . : a XN. spectabilis Grxe. 35. not — _— Se a ee ep ee aed gases ah BO: ised DrOads a <% ie. oo Gta thod Votnden 1 Gah hime Beak a Bm atin’: af N. Hennedyi W. Sm. 36. MAEQOW 6. cS Ge ie se ato eee dey dh. Sas ca lout SSE Ala? 28 as 387. 37. te Dias MM a a ee ow Ge Se Re hed .. N. turgidula Pant. L. 0.09 to 017 mm. ee Ce ee ee ey ae .. . N. irrorata Grev. 1. N. concilians Cr. N. Sp. — V. lanceolate, with subrostrate ends. L. 0,045; B. 0,023 mm. Lateral areas not uniting with the central area, linear or narrow lunate, not sharply defined. Marginal. strie 13 to 14 in 0,01. mm. Puncta about 18 in 0,01 mm., becoming more distant to- wards the areas. — Pl. I f. 25. Marine: Honolulu! In this form the lateral areas are separated by a row of puncta from the small central nodule. It is therefore to be considered as a transitional form from the Punctate to the Lyrate. Similar forms are known from Samoa (lanceolate. L. 0,066; B. 0,03 mm. Strie 12 in 0,01 mm.) and from Madagascar. KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 2¢. N:0 3. 55 2. N. connectens Grun. (1886). — V. elliptical or lanceolate, with rounded or cuneate ends. L. 0,072 to 0,13; B. 0,035 to 0,038 mm. Lateral areas linear, ending at a considerable distance from the ends of the valve. Strie 8 to 9, puncta 10 in 0,01 mm. — N. Lyra var. connectens GRun. in Pane. I PL. RXTY £. 221, Marine: Atlantic City, N. Jersey, fossil (Deby Coll.)! Hungary, fossil (Pant.). 3. N. H album Ct. N. Sp. — V. broadly elliptical, or almost orbicular. L. 0,076; B. 0,052 mm. Terminal fissures at a right angle to the median line. Lateral areas almost parallel, ab- breviate, somewhat distant, producing in the middle of the valve a figure resembling the letter H. Marginal striz 14, axial strie 18 and puncta 16 in 0,01 mm. — Part I Pl. IV f. 8, 9. Marine: China (Van Heurck and Deby Coll.)! 4. N. Schaarschmidtii Pant. (1886). — V. elliptical. L. 0,075 to 0.13; B. 0,04 to 0,065 mm. Lateral areas not sharply defined, with scattered puncta, and sometimes larger dots. Mar- ginal strie 9 to 15 in 0,01 mm. Puncta 10 to 14 in 0,01 mm. Axial strie of 4 to 8 puncta. — Pane. 1p. 28 PE XIV £ 121. Marine: Hungary, fossil! Japan, fossil (Brun Coll.)! Maryland, fossil (Deby Coll.)! This species is nearly akin to N. transfuga in the group Punctate. 5. N. reticulo-radiata Temp. a. Brun (1889). — V. elliptical. L. 0,1; B. 0,067 mm. Lateral areas large, not sharply defined, with short undulating longitudinal rows of puncta. Marginal strie 10 in 0,01 mm. Puncta about 8 in 0,01 mm. Axial strizw of single puncta. — D. fossiles de Japon p. 44 Pl. V f. 4. Marine: Japan, fossil! China (Deby Coll.)! 6. N. Stercus muscarum Cu. N. Sp. — V. elliptical. L. 0,072; B. 0,042 mm. Areas large, lunate, not sharply defined, smooth in the middle and with scattered, larger puncta on their sides. Marginal striz 10 in 0,01 mm., short, finely punctate. Axial strie 13 to 14 in 0,01 mm. very short. — Pl. I f. 27. Marine: China (Van Heurck Coll.)! 7. N. pretexta Ens. (1840). — V. elliptical. L. 0,045 to 0,19; B. 0,03 to 0,11 mm. Lateral areas large, semielliptical, not sharply defined, with scattered puncta. Strize marginal, 6 to 8 in 0,01 mm. Puncta 9 to 10 in 0,01 mm. Axial strie of 3 to 4 puncta. — Pinn. pret. Eup. Ber. 1840 M. G. XIX f. 28. Nav. pret. Gree. D. of Clyde p. 481 Pl. IX f. 11. Donk. B. D. p. 10 Pl Ir f. 1. A. S. Atl. IIT f. 31-34; CXXIX f. 7. V. H. Syn. p. 92 Pl. IX f. 13. Wr Archangelsk D. Pl. IX f. 4. Jan. Gaz. Exp. XV f. 21. . Marine: North Sea! Mediterranean Sea! Red Sea! Ceylon! Australia! Japan! Kerguelens Land! Cape Horn (Petit)! Macassar Straits! West Indies! North Carolina! Fossil: Archangelsk! Moravian Tegel! Upper tertiary deposits of Hungary! Moron! Japan! Hayti (Truan and Witt), Oamaru, N. Zealand! California! Var. abundans A. S. (1888). — V. rhombic-elliptical. L. 0,1; B.0,o7 mm. Areas not defined, covered with puncta (4 to 5 in 0,01 mm.) in connection with the puncta of the marginal striz. Marginal striz 6 in 0,01 mm., their puncta 6 in 0,01 mm. — Atl. CXXIX f. 8. Marine: Monterey and S:ta Monica, Cal. fossil! Var. abnormis Cu. — L. 0,14; B. 0,075. Strie 11, puncta 14 in 0,01 mm. Marginal strie in the middle of the valve close, 14 in 0,1 mm. Marine: Soundings, Lat. 12° 24 N., Long. 122°15 Gr. (Rae Coll.)! Var. Haytiana Truan and Wirt (1888). — L. 0,16; B. 0,12 mm. Marginal strie 8 in 0,01 mm. No axial strie. — N. Haytiana Truan a. Witt Jeremie D. p. 17 Pl. IV f. 9. Marine: Hayti, fossil (Truan a. Witt). 56 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. Var Lunyaczeki Pant. (1886). — L. 0,11; B. 005 mm. Strie 10 in 0,01 mm. interrupted in the middle of the valve. — N. Lunyac. Pant. I p. 26 Pl. XIV f. 122. N. pretexta Truan a. Witt Jerem. D. p. 17 Pl. IV f. 8. Marine: Hungary, fossil (Pant.), Hayti (Truan a. Witt.). N. pretextu is a most variable species, passing into N. Hennedyi var. circumsecta. 8. N. irrorata Grey. (1859). — V. with parallel margins and cuneate ends, or lanceolate. L. 0,09 to 0 175 B. 0,045 to 0,06 mm. Lateral areas not sharply defined, linear, with straight exterior margins, smooth. Marginal strie 7 to 10, puncta 6 to 9 in 0,01 mm. Axial striz of 2 to 5 puncta. — Edinb. N. Ph. J. X p. 27 PL IVfi1. A.S. Atl. ID f. 22, 23. Marine: Adriatic! Sydney! Calif. guano (Grev.), West Indies! Mexico! Campeachy Bay! Florida! Var. mexicana Cu. — Lanceolate. LL. 0,12; B 0,053. Strie 7, puncta about 5 in 0,01 mm. — N. trrorata A. 8. Atl. IT f. 19. Marine: Gulf of Mexico (Atl.). Var. substauroneiformis Grun. (1874). — L. 0,08; 0,04 mm. Strize 7, puncta 9 in U,o1 mm. Central nodule incrassate and transversely dilated. — N. approxim. v. substauroneif. A.S. Atl. IT f. 20. Marine: Campeachy Bay! Var. ceylanica Cu. — Elliptical. L. 0,095; B. 0,05 mm. Marginal striew 14, their puncta about 21 in 0,01 mm. Axial strie 17, their puncta 16 in 0,01 mm. Columbo, Ceylon (Letourneur Coll.)! Var. elliptica Ct. — Elliptical to elliptic-lanceolate. L. 0,075 to 0,13; B. U,o3 to 0,055 mm. Areas with convex exterior margins, convergent. Striz 9 to 10 in 0,01 mm. Puncta about 9 to 10 inequidistant. — Icon. n. Part I Pl. IV f. 13. Marine: Colon (Deby Coll.)! Gulf of Mexico! West Indies! China! Manila (Deby Coll.)! Fossil: Hungary, Kekké (Deby Coll.)! 9. N, perfecta Pant. (1886). — V. elliptical. L. 0,116 to 0,14; B. 0,068 to 0,07 mm. Areas not sharply defined, semilanceolate, with large crowded dots. Striz 9 (10 to 11 accord. to Pant.), puncta about 10 in 0,01 mm. The puncta become less crowded towards the area and are there arranged in almost regular, longitudinal rows. — Pant. I p. 28 Pl. XXIIT f. 207. . Marine: Hungary, fossil! Var. Letourneurit Panr. (1889). — V. slightly constricted in the middle. L. 0,08; B. 0,032 mm. Striz 12,5, puncta 15 in 0,01 mm. — N. Letour. Pant. IT p. 49 Pl. XXIV f. 358. Marine: Hungary, fossil (Pant.). 10. N. venusta Jan. Ms. — V. rhombic-lanceolate. L. 0,07 to 0,11; B. 0,05 to 0,04 mm. Axial part elevated. Lateral areas not sharply defined, semilanceolate with scattered puncta. Striz 13 in 0,01 mm. closely punctate near the margin. — Gazelle Exp. XV f. 17. Marine: Galapagos Islands! Var. intermedia Cu. — V. elliptical. L. 0,097; B. 0,052 mm. Lateral areas large, semi- lanceolate, dotted on the part near the axial striz, punctate on the part near the marginal strie, puncta distant, gradually passing over to the marginal striae. Marginal striz 13, their puncta 18 in 0,01 mm. Axial part less distinctly elevated. ' Marine: Mediterranean Sea (Tempére). This variety seems to connect N. venusta with N. perfecta. F 11. N. Barbitos A. S. (1888). — V. strongly silicious, rhombic-lanceolate, with the axial part elevated towards the ends. L. 0,18 to 0,22; B. 0,055 to 0,013 mm. Lateral areas linear, not sharply defined, almost parallel, approximate to the median line. . Striz 12 in 0,01 mm. punctate; puncta closer (about 14 in 0,01 mm.) near the margins than near the latera] area (about 9 in 0,01 mm.), where they form undulating and obscurely decussating longitudinal rows. — Atl. CX XIX f. 5. Marine: Singapore! Cebu! Sumatra! Sumbava! KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 24. N:0 3. 57 12. N. venustissima Kirron (1892). — V. lanceolate, with elevated axial part. L. 0,13 to 0,2; B. 0,055 mm. Lateral areas not sharply defined, large, semilanceolate, covered with undulating longitudinal rows of puncta. Marginal striz 10 and their puncta 11 in 0,01 mm. — Lezup. Fort. D. de la Malaisie p. 17 Pl. II f. 3. Icon. n. Part. I Pl. IV f. 12. Marine: Penang Harbour! Hongkong (Deby and Rae Coll.)! Samarang (Grove Coll.)! 13. N. inhalata A. 8. (1874). — V. elliptical. L. 0,07 to 0,08; B. 0,035 to 0,045 mm. Areas not sharply defined, broadly linear, constricted in the middle and convergent at the ends. Strie 13 to 14, puncta 12 to 14 in 0,01 mm. — Atl. II f. 30. Marine: Madagascar! Philippines! Samoa (Atl.). Fossil: Moravian Tegel! Hungary (Pant.), S:ta Monica Calif.! Var. lanceolata Cu. — V. with rostrate ends. L. 0,065; B. 0,035 mm. Strize and puncta 12 in 0,01 mm. Marine: Manilla (Deby Coll.)! Var.? biharensis Pant. (1889). — L. 0,052; B. 0.0265 mm. Areas with scattered puncta. Striz 12,5 to 13 in 0,01 mm. finely punctate. — Pant. IT p. 48 Pl. VIII f. 139. Marine: Hungary, fossil (Pant.). The var. béharensis seems to be more akin to N. spectabilis. 14. N. rudis Cr. (1881). — V. elliptical. L. 0,052 to 0,1; B. 0,032 to 0,os mm. Areas not sharply defined, linear, abbreviate. Striz 6 in 0,01 mm. Puncta 6 to 7 in 0,01 mm. closer and in double rows near the margin. — N.R. D. p. 8 Pl. ID f.17. WN. Truant Pant. I p. 29 Pl. IT f. 19 (1886). Marine: Balearic Islands! Moron, Spain, fossil! 15. N. fluitans Brun (1591). — V. elliptical. L. 0,14 to 0,16; B. 0,05 to 0,o6 mm. Areas not sharply defined, linear, extending to the ends. Striz 9 in 0,01 mm., puncta about 11 in 0,01 mm. — D. Esp. n. p. 34 Pl. XV f. 13. Marine: Mauritius (Brun), Cabenda, Western Africa (Brun). 16. N. variolata Ci. (1892). — V. orbicular. L. 0,1 to 0,15; B. 0,096 to 0,12 mm. Median line with terminal fissures in contrary directions. Lateral] areas large, semicircular with numerous dots and in the middle a linear band of short, punctate strie. Marginal strie 17 to 18, puncta about 22 in 0,01 mm. Axial strie of 5 to 6 puncta. — Diatomiste I p. 76 Pl. XII f. 7. A.S. Atl. CLXXIV f. 26. Marine: Oamaru, New Zealand, fossil! This species, resembling N. rimosa and N. Oamaruensis, is well distinguished by its termi- nal fissures. 17. N. oamaruensis Grun. (1888). — V. nearly orbicular. L. 0,06 to 0,11; B. 0,053 to 0,10 mm. Lateral areas semicircular, large with scattered large puncta and dots. Median line with bayonet-shaped terminal fissures. Marginal strie 10 to 11, puncta 14 in 0,01 mm. Axial striz of one or two puncta. — A. 8. Atl. CXXIX f. 9. Marine: Oamaru, fossil! 18. N. Hennedyi W. Sm. (1856). — V. elliptical. L. 0,045 to 0,12; B. 0,03 to 0,053 mm. Lateral areas broad, semilanceolate, with parallel interior margins. smooth. Marginal strie 9 to 11, puncta 14 to 20 in 0,01 mm. — B. D. II p. 93. Gree. T. M.S. 1V Pl. V f. 3 (1856). Grey. Verh. 1860 III f. 21. Donx. B. D. If. 3. A.S.N.S.D. If. 41. Atl TT f 18 V. HW. Syn. p. 93 Pl. IX f. 14. Marine: Greenland! Finmark! Spitsbergen! Sea of Kara! North Sea! Mediterranean Sea! Red Sea! Madagascar! Cape of Good Hope! Ceylon! Philippines! China! Japan! California! Gala- pagos Islands! Cape Horn! West Indies! Fossil, Hungary! K. Sv. Vet. Akademiens Handlingar. Bd 27. N:o 3. 8 58 Pp. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. Var. maxima Cu. — L. 0,21; B. 0,114 mm. Striz and puncta 9 in 0,01 mm. Marine: Sendai, Japan, fossil (Brun Coll.)! Var. tenuistriata. — L. 0,18; B. 0,09 mm. Striz and puncta 16 in 0,01 mm. Marine: Mexillones Guano (Deby Coll.)! Var. undulata Cu. (1881). — L. 0,07; B. 0,035 mm. Margins triundulate. Striz 14, puncta 18 in 001 mm. — N. R. D. p. 7 Pl. II f. 19. Marine: Galapagos Island! Var. Centraster Cu. — L. 0,125; B. 0,007 mm. Areas broad with a group of 5 to 9 large granules on both sides of the central nodule. Striz 13, puncta 20 in 0,01 mm. — Part. I Pl. IV f. 14. Marine: Mexillones Guano (Deby Coll.)! Var. Schleinitzii Jan. (1881). — V. elliptic-lanceolate. L. 0,12; B. 0,075 mm. Lateral areas broad in the middle, narrower towards the ends. Striz 8 to 9 in 0,01 mm. — WN. Schlein. A. S. Atl. LXX f. 43. Jan. Gaz. XV f. 1. Marine: Leton Bank (Atl.), Cape Horn (Petit). Var. finitima Jan. — V. lanceolate, often with slightly triundulate margins. L. 0,11 to 0,14; B. 0,o6 mm. Areas broad in the middle, suddenly narrowed towards the ends. Interior margins of the areas convergent. Strie 9 to 13, puncta 14 to 17 in 0,01 mm. — Gazelle Exp. XV £. 2 to 4, 18. Marine: Falkland Islands (Deby Coll.)! Morocco! Madagascar! Columbo, Ceylon (Letour- neur Coll.)! Var. manca A. S. (1874). — V. elliptical. LL. 0,15; B. 0,069 mm. Areas broad with con- vergent interior margins. Strize 9, puncta about 12 in 0,01 mm. — Atl. IIT f. 17. Marine: Campeachy Bay (Atl.). Var. californica Gruv. (1859). — V. elliptical. L. 0,07 to 0,01; B. 0,04 to 0,053 mm. La- teral areas very large, semielliptical, smooth. Strie 10, puncta 13 in 0,01 mm. — N. californica Grev. Edinb. N. Ph. J. X p. 29 Pl. IV f. 5. WN. calif. var. campechiana Gron. in A. S. Atl. IIT f. 19. Marine: California (Grev.), West Indies! Colon (Deby Coll.)! Campeachy Bay! Var. circumsecta Grun. (1874). — V. elliptical. L. 0,06 to 0,19; B. 0,03 to 0,08 mm. Areas large, semilanceolate, with numerous dots and sometimes, large puncta. Strize 9 to 15; puncta 10 to 18 in 0,01 mm. — N. polysticta var. cireumsecta Grun. in A. S. N. D. p. 89 Pl. I f. 36, 42. Atl. III f. 27, 28. N. polysticta A. S. Atl. III f.. 26. N. californica A. S. Atl. HI f 6. WN. Henned. var. granulata Grun. in A. 8. Atl. III f. 3. Jan. Gazelle Exp. XV f. 14. Marine: Finmark! North Sea! Mediterranean Sea! Red Sea! Ceylon! Madagascar! Mary- land (Deby Coll.)! Florida! Cape Horn! Galapagos Islands! Mexillones Guano (Deby Coll.)! Hun- gary, fossil (Deby Coll.)! Var. neapolitana Cu. — V. elliptical with subcuneate ends. L. 0,15; B. 0073 mm. Areas narrow, about 1/, of the breadth of the valve, with large, scattered dots. Strive 7,5, puncta 10 in 0,01 mm. Marine: Gulf of Naples! Var. nebulosa Grua. (1857). — V. elliptical. L. 0,055 to 0,085; B. 0,025 to 0,o42 mm. Areas very large, suddenly narrowed at the ends, smooth. Striz 14 to 16, puncta 16 to 20 in 0,01 mm. — N. nebulosa Gree. D. of Clyde p. 480 Pl. IX f. 8. Donk. B. D. p. 11 Pl. ID f. 2. A. S. Atl. III f. 14; LXX f. 44. Nav. Hennedyi Wirt Archangelsk D. IX f. 5.) Marine: North Sea! Morocco! Mediterranean Sea! Madagascar! Ceylon! Galapagos Islands! Florida! Fossil: Archangelsk (Witt). . The N. Hennedyt var. fossilis Pant. (II p. 47 Pl. XII f. 207) has a narrower area, and belongs probably to the var. nebulosa, to judge from the fine striation. - Forma bacillifera Panv. (1889). — L. 0,112 to 0,125; B. 0,048 to 0,062 mm. Strie 16 to 18 in 0,01 mm. Areas with irregular linear markings. — N. bacillifera Pant. II p. 42 Pl. V f. 80. N. Hennedyi var. abnorm. A. 8, Atl. CXXTX f. 14, KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND. 27. w:o 3. 59 Marine: Galapagos Islands! Hungary, fossil (Pant.). The linear markings on the area are of no specific value, as they occur also in other varieties of N. Hennedyi. Such a form with 11 strie and puncta in 0,01 mm. 1 have found in the Bory deposit (Hungary), this and another form with 12 strie and 14 puncta in 0,01 mm. from Nossi Bé (Brun Coll.) may be associeted with NV. rugosa Jan. Gaz. Exp. Pl. XV f. 11 and belong to the Nav. Hennedyi-type. : Var.? difficilis Panr. (1893). — L. 0.0467; B. 0,03 mm. Strie 16 in 0,01 mm. (punctation not figured). — N. difficilis Pant. II] Pl. XLI f. 560. Marine: fossil »Nyermegy» (Pant.). Var. caliginosa Cu. a. Grove (1891). — L. 0,08; B. 0,05 mm. Marginal striz and their puncta 18 in 0,01 mm. Axial strie 21 in 0,01 mm. Areas large, covered with irregularly scat- tered dots and with a large punctum on one side of the central nodule. — Diatomiste I p. 67 PI, X 4, 8. : Marine: Macassar Straits (Grove Coll.)! Var. constricta Putrr (1877). — V. slightly constricted in the middle. — Perry Campbell I. D. p. 24 Pl. IV f. 13. _ Marine: Campbells Island. 7 Var. cuneata Grun. (1874). — V. with cuneate ends. L. 0,083; B. 0,045 mm. Strive 9 in 0,01 mm. — A. S. Atl. III f. 4. Marine: Campeachy Bay (Atl). Var. minuta Cu. (1881). — L. 0,027 to 0,05; B. 0.016 to 0,027 mm. Strie 8 or 10 (margi- nal) to 9 or 14 (axial) in 0,01 mm. Puncta 13 to 17 in 0,01 mm. Areas narrow. — N. R. D. p. 7 Pl £ Bb. 1 = Be a Marine: Galapagos Islands! Tahiti! Var. tahitensis Cu. (1881). — L. 0,04 to 0,045; B. 0,017 to 0,023 mm. Striz 13 or 14 (marginal) to 15 or 17 (axial) in 0,01 mm. not distinctly punctate. Areas narrow. — N. R. D. pe 8 EL. 1d 14, — Marine: Adriatic! Tahiti! Sandwich Islands! 19. N. copiosa A. 8. (1888). — V. elliptical. L. 0,1 to 0,17; B. 0,046 to 0,o9 mm. Lateral areas luneate, with convergent interior margins and with an elongated spot of short strie in the middle. Marginal strie and their puncta 7 to 10 in 0,01 mm. Axial strie of 6 to 7 puncta. — Atl, CXXIX £6. | Marine: Mexillones Guano! This form might be regarded as a variety of N. Hennedyi (nearest to the var. manca). _ 20. N. illustra Panr. (1892). — V. elliptical. L. 0,13; B. 0,055 mm. Lateral areas broad, lunate, smooth, but with a longitudinal band of coarsely punctate strie in the middle. Marginal striz 14, their puncta 27 to 28 in 0,01 mm. Axial band of striz moderately broad. — Panr. III Pl. I f. 17. WN. Ypsilon Cu. Part J-Pl. IV f. 10. Marine: Bory, Hungary! This is a very distinct form, remarkable not only for the band of striz in the middle of the area, but by its extremely finely punctate strie. 21. N. Sandriana Grow. (1863). — V. elliptical. L. 0,1 to 0,12; B. 0,06 to 0,07 mm. Areas large, semielliptical, with dots, disposed in irregularly curved rows, and in the middle a longitu- dinal band of punctate strie. Marginal strie 14 to 16 and their puncta 13 to 17 in 0,01 mm. Axial strie of 3 to 8 puncta. — Verh. 1863 p. 153 Pl. IV f. 5. N. rimosa Grev. T. M. S. XIV p. 129 Pl. XII f. 25 (1866). Marine: Adriatic (Grun.), Red Sea (Deby Coll.)! 60 Pp. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. Var. levis Cu. — L. 0,07 to 0,113 B. 0,05 to 0o6 mm. Areas smooth. Marginal striz 10 to 13 and their puncta 11 to 16 in 0,01 mm. Axial striw of 3 to 5 puncta. — N. Sandriana A. S. Atl II f. 10; LXX f. 45. Pant. I p. 28 Pl. IX f. 82. Marine: North Sea (Bohuslin! Sélswig, Atl.), S:t Brieuc (Atl.), Morocco! Balearic Islands! Cannes! Red Sea (Deby Coll.)! Madagascar (Kinker Coll.)! Fossil, Hungary! 22. N. spectabilis Gree. (1857). — V. elliptical. L. 0,07 to 0,12; B. 0,03 to 0,06 mm. Lateral areas broad, convergent, narrowed in the middle. Striz 6 to 14, puncta 10 to 23 in 0,01 mm. — D. of Clyde p. 481 Pl. IX f. 10. A. S. Atl. III f. 20-21. Donk. B. D. p. 12 PLIf. 5. N. Hennedii JantscH Guano p. 28 Pl. II f. 138. N. mikado Panv. III Pl. XXIII f. 334 (1893)? Marine: Greenland! North Sea! Morocco! Mediterranean Sea! Adriatic! Red Sea! Bab el Mandeb! Ceylon! Java! Philippines! Japan! Cape Horn (Petit), Colon (Deby Coll.)!| Fossil: Au- gamos Guano (Jan.), Hungary (Pant.), S:ta Monica, Calif.! N. spectabilis is extremely variable and comprises forms connecting NV. Hennedyi and N. Lyra, no absolute limit existing between these three species. Var. maxima Cu. — V. elliptical. L. 0,16; B. 0,08 mm. Areas linear. Strize 5 in 0,01 mm. Puncta 7 in 0,01 mm. disposed in longitudinal rows. Marine: Macassar Straits (Grove Coll.)! Var. bullata Cu. — L. 0,11; B. 0,05 mm. Lateral areas with a row of large puncta. Striz 10, puncta 17 in 0,01 mm. — N. bullata var. obtusa Casrr. Voy. Challenger p. 29 Pl. XXVIII f. 10. Marine: Singapore! Forma Moélleriana Jan. (1881). — V. subhexagonal to elliptic-lanceolate. Lateral areas narrow, scarcely narrowed in the middle. L. 0,1 to 0,13; B. 0,05 to 0,053 mm. Striz 7, puncta 10 in 0,01 mm. — N. bullata var. Mélleriana A. S. Atl. LXX f. 51, 52. Marine: Australia (Atl.). Var. madagascarensis CL. — V. with subcuneate ends. L. 0,125 to 0,155; B. 0,062 to 0,068 mm. Striz and puncta 13 in 0,01 mm.; the latter forming almost straight longitudinal rows. Marine: Madagascar (Van Heurck Coll.)! Nossi-Bé (Tempére)! Var. controversa A. S. (1874). — L. 0,09; B. 0,035 mm. Lateral areas in the middle linear, dilated and then narrowed towards the margins. Strie 10, puncta 13 in 0,01 mm. — N. Hennedyi var. controversa A. 8. Atl. III f. 5. Marine: Campeachy Bay (Atl.). Var. abbreviata Cu. — V. with slightly constricted middle and broad, cuneate ends. L. 0,083; B. 0,03 mm. Areas short not reaching to the ends of the valve. Striw 12 (axial and terminal 15), puncta 15 in 0,01 mm. Marine: Madagascar! Var. Rattrayt Pant. (1889). --- V. elliptic-lanceolate. L. 0.0775; B. 0,o32 mm. Areas as in var. abbreviata. Marginal striz 10, terminal Me in 0.01 mm. finely punctate. — N. Rattrayi Pant. II p. 52 Pl. XXX f. 427. Marine: Hungary, fossil (Pant.). Var. emarginata Cu. — V. elliptical. L. 0,07 to 0,11; B. 0,03 to U,o42 mm. Areas broad, notched in the middle. Striz 12, puncta 18 in 0,01 mm. Central nodule sometimes transversely dilated. — N. excavata A. S. Atl. III f. 22—25. Jantscu Gazelle Exp. XV f. 22. Marine: Sierra Leone (Deby Coll.)! Japan (Atl), Campeachy Bay (Atl.), Nottingham, Maryl. fossil (Rae Coll.)! Var. Angelorum Cu. (1881). — V. elliptical. L. 0,085 to 0,2; B. 0,047 to 0,09 mm. Areas broad sinuate in the middle, attenuate towards the ends, smooth. Strie 7 to 15, puncta 14 to 16 in 0,01 mm. Central nodule sometimes transversely dilated. —- N. excavata var. Angclorum Cu. N. R. D. p. 8 Pl. II f. 20, N. Oswaldi Jantscu, N. excavata var. mesoleia Grun. in A. 8. Atl, LXX f. 46 (1881). KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 27. N:0 3. 61 Marine: California, fossil (Monterey, S:ta Monica, S:ta Maria, S:n Redondo)! Bolivia Guano! Intermediate forms to typical Var. excavata occur in the California earth. Var. hungarica Pant. (1889). — L. 0,114; B. 0,06 mm. Striz 22, puncta 20 in 0,01 mm. Area with a few scattered dots. — N. Oswaldi Pant. II p. 52 Pl. XXV f. 370. Marine: Hungary, fossil (Pant.). Var. excavata Grev. (1866). — L. 0,076 to 0,14; B. 0,065 to 0,07 mm. Areas as in var. Angelorum, but with numerous, scattered dots. Strie 14 to 16; puncta 12 to 14 in 0,01 mm. — N. excavata Grev. T. M. S. XIV p. 130 Pl. XII f. 15. Nav. Oswaldi Jantscu Gaz. Exp. XV f. 12. Marine: Red Sea (Grev.), Madagascar! S:ta Monica, Calif., fossil! Hungary, fossil! 23. N. australica A. S. (1874). — V. elliptical. L. 0,045; B. 0,o22 mm. Lateral areas linear, with slightly concave exterior margins, tapering towards the ends, abbreviate. Strie 11 in 0,01 mm. Puncta? — Atl. II f. 37. f. 12? Marine: 8:t Vincent (Austr.). This species, unknown to the author, appears to be a small variety of N. spectabilis or a form of N. Lyra var. atlantica. 24. N. genifera A. 8. (1874). — V. lanceolate. L. 0,13 to 0,16; B. 0,05 to 0,o6 mm. La- teral areas narrow, constricted in the middle, slightly convergent. Marginal strie 9 and their puncta 9 in 0,01 mm., the latter forming longitudinal rows. Axial strie 9 in 0,01 mm. composed of about 3 puncta. Puncta of the striz are confluent close to the sinuses of the areas. — Atl. II f. 6. Marine: Colon (Deby Coll.)! Puerto Caballo (Atl.). 25. N. abrupta Gree. (1857). — V. elliptical. L. 0,055 to 0,085; B. 0,022 to 0,034 mm. Axial areas distinct, narrowed towards the central nodule and the ends. Lateral areas narrow, short, constricted in the middle and with convergent interior margins. Strize 10 in 0,01 mm., finely punctate; puncta about 23 in 0,01 mm. or indistinct. — WN. Lyra var. abrupta Gree. D. of Clyde p. 486 Pl. IX f. 14, 14 b. N. abrupta Don. B. D. p. 13 Pl If. 6. A.S. N.S. DI f. 37. Atl. TIT f. 1, 2. V. H. Syn. p. 94 Pl. X f. 4. Marine: Spitsbergen! Finmark! North Sea! Mediterranean Sea! Adriatic! Black Sea! Red Sea! Labuan! China! Fossil: Hungary (Pant.). N. abrupta seems to be a distinct species, not closely connected with the others, distinguished by its axial area and the fine punctation of the strie. 26. N. clavata Grue. (1858). — V. elliptical, with rostrate ends. L. 0,04 to 0.09; B. 0,022 to 0,055 mm. Lateral areas usually broad and semilanceolate with divergent ends. Marginal strie 10 to 14, axial strie 14 to 16, puncta 16 to 20 in 0,01 mm. — T. M.S. IV p. 46 Pl. V f. 17. Donx. B. D. p. 15 Pl Wf. 8 A.S.N.S. D. If. 83. Atl LXX f. 50. MN. Wrightt O’MEara M. J. VII p. 116 Pl. V f 4 (1867). N. Hennedy: var. clavata V. H. Syn. p. 93. N. Lyra var. A. 8. Atl. LXX f. 47. Marine: North Sea! Mediterranean Sea! Red Sea! Seychelles! Madagascar! Ceylon! Sumatra! Singapore! China! Japan! Samoa! Galapagos Islands! West Indies! Florida! Delaware! Connecticut! Var. caribea A. 8S. (1874). — Lateral areas contracted in the middle. L. 0,11; B. 0,044 mm. Strize 1], puncta 13 in 0,01 mm. — N. caribea A.S.N.S.D. If. 40. Atl. ID #17; LXX f. 48. Marine: North Sea (A. S.), Jamaica (Atl.), Mediterranean Sea (Peragallo). Forma minor Cit. — L. 0,065; B. 0,028 mm. Striz 13 in 0,01 mm. Puncta indistinct. Marine: Colon (Deby Coll.). These varieties connect N. clavata with N. spectabilis. Var. exsul A. S. (1874). — V. constricted in the middle. L. 0,044 to 0,068; B. 0,021 to 0,038 mm. Lateral areas broad, sometimes dotted. Marginal strie 11 to 14, puncta 17 to 20 in 0,01 mm. Axial strie 12 to 18 in 0,01 mm. — N, easul A. S. Atl. IT f. 13. 62 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. Marine: Balearic Islands! Seychelles (Van Heurck Coll.)! Labuan! Galapagos Islands! Flo- rida! Campeachy Bank (Atl.). Var. rhombica Cu. — YV. rhomboid or broadly lanceolate. L. 0,105 to 0,125; B. 0,056 to 0,o75 mm. Lateral areas broad, tapering from the middle to the ends, where they reach the margin. Strie 12 to 13, puncta 15 in 0,01 mm. — Part I Pl. IV f. 11. Marine: Morocco! Galapagos Islands. Forma minuta. — L. 0,055; B. 0,035 mm. Strie 19, puncta 22 in 0,01 mm., the latter disposed in longitudinal rows. Marine: Sumbava (Kinker Coll.)! Seychelles (Van Heurck Coll.)! Var. proxima Jan. — V. broadly lanceolate. L. 0,105 to 0,15; B. 0,056 to 0,07 mm. La- teral areas narrow, subparallel, gradually tapering towards the ends, where they reach the margin. Strie 9 to 10 in 0,01 mm. — N. proxima A. 8. Atl. LXX f. 49. Jan. Gazelle Exp. XV f. 5 to 7. Marine. This variety is nearly akin to var. rhombica, but has narrow lateral areas and connects N. clavata with certain forms of N. Lyra. Var. elongata Purac. (1888). — V. with rounded not rostrate ends. L. 0,11; B. 0,043 mm. Striee 14 in 0,01 mm. — Villefr. D. p. 48 Pl. V f. 37. Marine: Mediterranean Sea (Perag.). This variety connects N. clavata with N. Hennedyi. Var. indica Grev. (1862). — V. elliptical, rostrate. L. 0,1 to 0,16; B. 0,056 to 0,068 mm. Lateral areas broad, semilanceolate, with scattered dots. Strize 12, puncta 16 to 17 in 0,01 mm. — N. indica Gruv. T. M. 8. 1862 p. 95 Pl. IX f. 13. Janiscu Gazelle Exp. XV f. 15, 19, 20. N. hibernica O'Meara M. J. VII p. 115 Pl. V f. 1 (1867). N. Hennedyi var. granulata Leup. Fort. D. de Ceylon IX f. 88. Marine: Honduras (Grun.), Ceylon! Sumbava (Kinker Coll.)! Macassar Straits! Manilla! Cebu (Rae Coll.)! 27. N. diffluens A. §S. (1874). —- V. elliptical with broad rostrate and truncate ends. L. 0,045; B. 0,023 mm. Lateral areas linear, slightly convergent. Strie 10 in 0,01 mm., distinctly punctate. The axial striee form a band, broader than that of the marginal striw. Central area dilated towards the lateral areas. — Atl. II f. 15. Marine: Campeachy Bank (Atl.). 28. N. samoensis Grun. (1881). — V. linear with rounded ends. L. 0,068; B. 0,012 mm. Lateral areas narrow, more approximate to the margin than to the median line, convergent at the ends. Strie 10 in 0,01 mm. — A. S. Atl. LXX f. 41. Marine: Samoa (Atl). 29. N. distenta A. S. (1874). — V. elliptical, rostrate, with slightly convex margins, con- stricted in the middle. L. 0,06; B. 0,027 mm. Lateral areas narrow, constricted in the middle. Striz 10 in 0,01 mm. not distinctly punctate. — Atl. II f. 14. Marine: Campeachy Bank (Atl). Seems to be a variety of some of the forms intermediate between NV. clavata and N. Lyra. 30. N. approximata Grev. (1859). — V. lanceolate, frequently with cuneate or subrostrate ends, and with parallel margins. L. 0,075 to 0,15; B. 0,04 to 0o8 mm. Lateral areas narrow, convergent at the ends. Striz 7,5 to 10; puncta 10 to 15 in 0,01 mm. Forma typiea. Broadly linear with cuneate ends. L. 0,11; B. 0,o46 mm. Strie 8, puncta 11 in 0,01 mm. — N. approximata Grey. Edinb. N. Ph. J. X p. 28 Pl. IV f. 4. Cu. West. Ind. D.p.4 PLIf 1. N. Hennedyi var. niceensis Purac. Villefr. D. p. 47 Pl. V £. 39 (1888). Marine: California guano (Grev.), Florida! West Indies! Connecticut! Ceylon! Madagascar! Tahiti! i KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 2¢. wn:o 3. 63 Var. Couperit Batu. (1850). — V. slightly constricted in the middle. — Pinnul. Couperi Bat. Smiths Contr. II p. 39 Pl. IL f. 33. Marine: Florida (Bail.). Var. Kittoniana A. S. (1874). — V. broadly lanceolate. L. 0,075 to 0,15; B. 0,04 to 0,08 mm. Strie 7,5 to 10, puncta 10 to 15 in 0,01 mm. — N. Kittoniana A. S. Atl. II f. 10. Marine: Brazil (Deby Coll.)! Porto Seguro (Deby Coll.)! Colon (Deby Coll.)! Pensacola! Campeachy Bay! Sierra Leone (Deby Coll.)! Red Sea! Ceylon (Leud. Fortm.), Seychelles (Van Heurck Coll.)! Mauritius (Deby Coll.)! 31. N. turgidula Pant. (1893). — V. broadly elliptical with rounded ends. L. 0,047; B. 0,033 mm. Lateral areas narrow, broader in the middle and convergent at the ends. Strie 13 in 0,01 mm. coarsely punctate. — Pant. IJJ Pl. XXXII f. 462. Marine: Hungary, fossil (Pant.). 32. N. Lyra Eup. (1843). — V. elliptical with rounded or rostrate ends. L. 0,05 to 0,18; B. 0,026 to 0,o6 mm. Lateral areas narrow, linear, constricted in the middle, or not, divergent at the ends or not. Strie 6 to 14; puncta 7 to 18 in 0,01 mm. Var. elliptica A. S. (1874). — V. elliptical, with rounded to subrostrate ends, or subhexa- gonal. L. 0,12 to 0,18; B. 0,04 to 0,o6 mm. Lateral areas linear, convergent towards the ends. Strie 6 to 7, puncta 7 to 11 in 0,01 mm. — N.S. D. Pl. If. 39. Atl ID f 29. V. H. Syn. X f. 2. Jantscu Gazelle Exp. XV f. 23. Marine: North Sea! Mediterranean Sea! Red Sea! Ceylon! Madagascar! Seychelles (Van - Heurck Coll.)! Sumatra (Deby Coll.)! Philippines! Singapore! Fossil: Moravian Tegel! Forma bullata Norm. (1861). — L. 0,13 to 0,16; B. 0,06 to 0,o7 mm. Areas with a row of large puncta. Striz 6, puncta 11 in 0,01 mm. — N. bullata Norm. T. M. S. 1861 p. 8 Pl. II f. 7. A. 8. Atl. III f 8—9. Marine: Ceylon (Letourneur Coll.)! Macassar Straits (Grove Coll.)! Japan (Atl.), Australia (Norm.), Samoa (Atl.). Var. Ehrenbergii Cu. — V. elliptical, with rostrate ends. L. 0,05 to 0,165; B. 0,026 to 0,054 mm. Lateral areas constricted in the middle, with divergent ends. Strive 9 to 12, puncta 16 to 21 in 0,01 mm. — N. Lyra Eup. Am. I: 1 f. 9 a. Gree. D. of Clyde Pl. IX f. 13 6. Jan. Rasy. Honduras D. III f. 7. Jantsco Guano Pl. I A f. 26. Donn. B. D. p. 14 Pl II f. 7. A. 8. Atl. II f. 11, 16, 25. V. H. Syn. p. 93 Pl. X f. 1. Janiscu Gazelle Exp. XV f. 13. N. Gre- goryana Grev. M. J. V. p. 10 Pl. III f. 7 (1857). Marine: North Sea! Mediterranean Sea! Red Sea! Madagascar! China! Japan! Sumatra! Australia! Samoa! Galapagos Islands! Honduras (Jan. Rabh.). Brazil! Florida! New York! Fossil: Baltchik! , Var. dilatata A. S. (1874). — V. elliptical, rostrate. L. 0,08; B. 0,044. Lateral areas slightly convergent. Strie 11, puncta about 14 in 0,01 mm. — Atl. II f. 26. Marine: Gulf of Mexico (Atl.). . Var. denudata Grun. Ms. — V. elliptic-lanceolate. L. 0,1; B. 0,045 to 0,05 mm. Lateral areas as in the var. Ehrenbergii, but dilated as they reach the margins of the valve. Striz 10, puncta 17 in 0,01 mm. Marine: S:ta Monica, Calif. fossil!. Var. atlantica A. S. (1874). — V. elliptical, with parallel margins and cuneate ends. L. 0,06 to 0,1; B. 0,026 to 0,032 mm. Lateral areas not reaching to the margins of the valve. Strie 9 to Uti 0,01 mm. Puncta very close. — N. 8. D. If. 34. Atl. ID f. 33? WwW. Couperi Atl. TI f. 12? N. Lyra dilatata perpusilla Pant. I p. 27 Pl. XVII f. 150.. N. Lyra var. elliptica A. 8. N.S. D. Pl. Lf 35, 38 Marine: North Sea! Hungary, fossil (Pant.). This var. graduates into N. connectens Grun. 64 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. Var. subelliptica Cu. — V. elongated, elliptical, non rostrate. L. 0,065 to 0,13; B. 0,035 to 0.048 mm. Lateral areas as in var. Ehrenbergii. Strie 9 to 11, puncta 17 to 22 in 0,01 mm. Marine: Spitsbergen! Finmark! North Sea! Japan! Philippines! Fossil at Bory Hungary! Monterey and S:ta Monica, Calif.! Mexillones guano (Deby Coll.)! This variety is nothing but a non-rostrate form of the var. Ehrenbergii and graduates into N. spectabilis. Such transitional forms are the fig. 9 Pl. XV in Janisch Gazelle Exp. D. N. Lyra var. producta Pant. III Pl. XXXII f. 466 and var. acuta f. 468, var. hungarica Pant. Pl. XXXIV f. 479. A specimen in Deby’s Coll. from Bory in Hungary approaches very near to N. Hennedyi var. fossilis Pant. II Pl. XII f. 207. Var. insignis A. 8. (1874). -- V. elliptical. L. 0,05 to 0,068; B. 0,027 to 0,032 mm. Lateral areas distant, abbreviate. Striz strongly radiate, 10 (middle) to 13 (ends), puncta 18 in 0,01 mm. — Atl. If f. 27. Marine: Japan (Atl.), Madagascar! Var.? seductilis A. S. (1874). — V. elliptical with rounded ends. L. 0,05; B. 0,015 mm. Areas slightly convergent. Strie 14 in 0,01 mm. — W. sed. A. S. Atl. II f. 35, f. 36? Marine: Ceylon (Atl.). Var. acuta Pant. (1889). — V. broadly elliptical, with acute ends. L. 0,09 to 0,040 mm. Striz 12 in 0,01 mm. — Pant. II p. 50. Marine: Hungary, fossil (Pant.). Var. producta Pant. (1889). — V. elongate-elliptical. L. 0,145; B. 0,057 mm. Strie 12 in 0,o1 mm., slightly radiate. — Panrv. IT p. 50. Marine: Hungary, fossil. Var. recta Grev. (1859). — V_ elongated, lanceolate, frequently with slightly rostrate ends. L. 0,135 to 0,21; B. 0,047 to 0,078 mm. Axial part not distinctly elevated towards the ends. Lateral areas linear, parallel, approximate to the median line. Strie 7 to 12; puncta 10 to 12 in 0,01 mm., forming longitudinal, undulating rows. — Edinb. N. Ph. J. X p. 28 Pl. IV f. 3 (1859). A. S. Atl. II f. 18. Prracauto Villefr. D. p. 49 Pl. IV f. 36. Jantscu Gaz. Exp. XV f. 8. Marine: Mediterranean Sea (Perag.), S:t Peter Hungary, fossil! Rio Janeiro (Deby Coll.)! Gulf of Mexico (Atl.), California guano (Grev.), Seychelles and Samoa (Van Heurck Coll.)! Forma fornicata A. 8. (1874). -- Lanceolate. L. 0,15; B. 0,057 mm. Strie 8, puncta 9 in 0,01 mm., crossed by an arcuate, blank line. — Atl. II f. 9. : Marine. Forma abnormis A. 8. (1874). — Lanceolate. L. 0,165; B. 0,06 mm. Lateral areas mode- rately broad. Striz 8, puncta about 10 in 0,01 mm. Median striz much closer and more finely punctate. — Atl. IT f. 8. Marine: Zanzibar (Atl.). Var. subcarinata Grun. (1874). — As var. recta, but with the axial part of the valve elevated. Striz 11 to 16, puncta 12 to 14 in 0.01 mm. — A. 8. Atl. II f. 5. Marine: Ceylon! Seychelles! Java (Kinker Coll.)! Singapore! Philippines! Samoa! Tahiti! Var. signata A. S. (1874). — As var. recta, but with an orbicular spot on both sides of the central nodule, crossed in the middle by a longitudinal, fissure-like marking. L. 0,09 to 0,16; B. 0,035 to 0,07 mm. Striz and puncta 10 in 0,01 mm. — Atl. II f.4. NM. Zanzibarica var. A. 8. Atl CXXIX f. 4. N. Zauzib. var. zebuana Caster. Voy. Challenger p. 31 Pl. XXVIII f. 8. Marine: Gulf of Mexico (Atl.), Elephanta Island (Atl.), Hongkong (Rae Coll.)! Cebu! Var. zanzibarica Grev. (1866). — As. var. recta, but with an orbicular spot on both sides of the central nodule, inside which the puncta form a star of radiate lines. L. 0,2 to 0,24; B. 0,06 to 0,07 mm. Striz and puncta 8 to 9 in 0,01 mm. — N. zanz. Grev. T. M. S. 1866 p. 129 Pl. XII f, 24. A.S, Ath IT £3. Marine: Zanzibar! Seychelles! Madagascar! Sumatra! KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 27%, wN:o 3. 65 Var. Robertsoniana Gruv. (1863). — V. lanceolate. Margins usually with three to four slight undulations. L. 0,1 to 0,15; B. 0,058 to 0,o65 mm. Lateral areas linear, parallel, approxi- mate. Striz 7 to 8, puncta 7 to 9 in 001 mm. — N Rob. Grev. T. Bot. Soc. Edinb. Vol. VIII p- 235 Pl. Tif. 9. A. S. Atl I f. 7. Marine: Ceylon! Singapore! Manilla! New Caledonia! Samoa! Forma bullata Cu. — L. 0,165; B. 0,07 mm. Strie 6, puncta 6 to 7 in 0,01 mm. Lateral areas with a row of large puncta. Marine: Hongkong (Deby Coll.)! 33. N. Durandii Kitton (1888). — V. lanceolate with elevated axial part. L. 0,32; B. 0,1 mm. Lateral areas approximate, parallel, narrow. Strie 10 in 0,01 mm., very slightly radiate, composed of elongated puncta, forming longitudinal straight rows, 4 in 0,01 mm. Axial striz 10 in 0.01 mm., composed of 2 to 3 puncta. -- A. S. Atl. CXXIX f. 1. Marine: Singapore! Java (Deby Coll.)! Var. intermedia A. S. (1888). — V. elliptical-lanceolate. L. 0,16; B. 0,o63 mm. Lateral areas with a row of large puncta. — Atl. CXXIX f. 3. Marine: Singapore. Var. rhomboides Castrac. (1886). — V. with triundulate margins. L. 0,19 to 0,23; B. 0,06 to 0,o76 mm. Lateral areas with a row of large puncta. Strie 8 in 0,01 mm. — N. bullata var. rhomb. Castrac. Voyage Challenger p. 30 Pl. XXX f. 17. NW. Durandii var. rhomb. A. S. Atl. CXXIX f. 2. Marine: Hongkong! Cebu (Rae Coll.)! Singapore (Atl.). 34. N. Reichardtii Gruw. (1879). — V. elliptical. L. 0,022 to 0,029; B. 0,0115 to 0,o2 mm. Lateral areas linear, convergent towards the ends, in the middle united by the stauroid trans- versely dilated central nodule. Striz 13 to 17 in 0,01 mm., very finely or indistinctly punctate. On the part enclosed by the lateral areas are no, or indistinct, striae. — Cu. M. D. 208 to 210. A. S. Atl. LXX f. 23 to 29. V. H. Syn. Pl: X f. 9. Marine: Norway, Grip! Adriatic! Var. Tschutchschorum Cu. (1883). — L. 0,1; B. 0,0065 mm. Strie 13 in 0.01 mm. — N. Tsch. Vega p. 472 Pl. XXXVIT f. 48. Marine: Cape Deschneff! 35. N. pygmea Kitz (1849). — V. hyaline elliptical. Li. 0,028 to 0,045; B. 0,016 to 0,024 mm. Lateral areas convergent and constricted in the middle. Striz fine, about 26 in 0,01 mm. — Sp. Ale. p. 77. W. Su. B. D. IL p. 91. Donc. B.D. yp. 10 PLIf 1. A. S. N.S. D1 £ 48. Atl. LXX f. 7. V. H. Syn. p. 94 Pl. Xf.7. N. minutula W. Sm. B. D. I p. 48 XXXT f. 274 (1853). Brackish water: Spitsbergen! Finmark! Sea of Kara! North Siberian Sea! Baltic! North Sea! Magdeburg (Atl.), Argentina! Galapagos Islands! 36. N. forcipata Grev. (1859). — V. elliptical with rounded ends. L. 0,04 to 0,08; B. 0,02 to.0,026 mm. Median line with incrassate median pores. Lateral areas narrow, constricted in the middle, with convergent ends. Striz 13 in 0,01 mm., finely punctate. — M. J. VII p. 83 Pl. VI £10, 11, Done. B.D, p. 12 PLU 4 A. 8. N.S. D.1 £45, 11 f. 16, 18. Atl, GXX £1. V. H. Syn. p. 94 Pl X f. 3. Marine: Greenland!. North Sea! Mediterranean Sea! Black Sea! Red Sea! Cape of Good Hope! Nicobar Islands! Philippines! California! Galapagos Islands! Florida! Fossil, Hungary (Pant.). Var. punctata Cu. — L. 0,06; B. 0,025 to.0,o3 mm. Striz 10 in 0,01 mm. punctate, puncta 10 to 16 in 0,01 mm. Marine: Morocco! Seychelles (Van Heurck Coll.)! Manilla (Deby Coll.)! k. Sv. Vet. Akad. Handl. Band 27. Nio 3. . 9 66 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. Var. versicolor Grun. (1874). — Lateral areas broader, not constricted in the middle. Striew 10 in 0,01 mm. punctate, puncta 17 to 20 in 0,01 mm. — WN. versicolor Grun. A. 8. N. 8. D. I f. 17. Atl. LXX f. 18 to 22. V. H. Syn. Pl. X f. 6. MN. rovignensis Grun. in Cu. M. D. N:o 209 (1879). N. seduetilis var. Parag. Villefr. D. p. 49 Pl. II f. 20. Marine: North Sea! Mediterranean Sea! Adriatic! Sumatra! Var. nummularia Grev. (1859). — V. nearly orbicular. L. 0,023 to 0,045; B. 0,017 to 0,038 mm. Strie 10 in 0,01 mm. finely punctate, puncta about 18 in 0,01 mm. — N. numm. Grey. Edinb. N. Ph. J. X p. 29 Pl IV f. 6. WN. foretp. var. nummularoides Grun. A. 8. Atl. LXX f. 30, 31, 39, 40 (1881). Marine: Adriatic (Atl.), Bab el Mandeb! Madagascar! Cape of (sood Hope (Atl.), Java! California guano (Grev.), Florida! Var. suborbicularis Grun. (1880). — As var. nummularia, but with closer strie, 13 to 14 in 0,01 mm. L. 0,018 to 0,036; B. 0,012 to 0,oo4 mm. — V. H. Syn. Pl. X fi 5. Marine: Spitsbergen! North Sea! Balearic Islands! Seychelles! Zulu Sea (Deby Coll.)! Gala- pagos Islands! Var. densestriata A. S. (1881). — Eliptical. L. 0,03 to 0,06; B. 0,012 to 0,018 mm. Strie 15 to 22 in 0,01 mm. — Atl. LXX f. 12 to 16. ™. fore. var. minor A. 8. Atl. LXX f. 32. A. 8. N. 8. D. If. 44. Marine: North Sea! Corsica! Cape of Good Hope! Java! Japan! Campeachy Bank (Atl.). This variety connects N. forcipatu and N. pygmea, so that the latter might be regarded as a variety of N. forcipata. Var. balnearis Gruy. (1880). — V. linear-elliptical. L. 0,037; B. 0,01 mm. Lateral areas not constricted in the middle, and forming by their junction a broad stauros. Strie 18 in 0,01 mm. — WN. pygm. var. balnearis Grun. in V. H. Syn. X f. 8. Slightly brackish water: Sweden, Ronneby, fossil! Additional. N. seriosa Panr. (III Pl. XXXII f. 464). — Elliptical, rostrate-acuminate. L. 0,047; B..0,038 mm. Lateral areas moderately broad, with scattered linear markings, very slightly constricted in the middle and convergent at the ends. Striz 12 in 0,01 mm. distinctly punctate. Marine: Hungary, fossil (Pant.). Navicule Levistriatez Cu. Valve in outline more or less lanceolate. Axial area linear, abruptly dilated around the central nodule to an orbicular space, or transverse fascia, or uniting with the central area in a more or less broad, lanceolate space. Strive usually coarse, radiate, not distinctly punctate or lineate, not crossed by longitudinal lines or furrows. Terminal fissures of the median line usually small and indistinct. Connecting zone not complex. This section is remarkable for its apparently smooth striz, and might on that account have been placed in the genus Pinnularia. But most of the species bear a closer relationship to the true Navicule than to the Pinnulariz, and, besides, it is possible that the striz may be only apparently smooth. Nav. palpebralis, which I place in the section, is usually described and figured as having distinctly punctate striz, but I have never been able to detect any punctate character in its strie. It does however contain several forms (as for instance Nav. bituminosa) which are closely related to species of Pinnularia, belonging to the section divergentes of that genus. On the other hand several species shew a close affinity to those of the section Entolei¢ of Navicula. KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND. 2¢. wo 3. 67 Thus, it appears that the forms of the levistriate are intermediate between the Pinnularie and the true Navicule. The species of this group are usually inhabitants of brackish water and estuaries, but there are also purely marine forms among them. Artificial key. 1 aay sigmoid. . . . : pas 3 Ras | a V. Raeana Castr. : — straight ....... ae. 55: ODS | Axial area abruptly dilated into an sattonlie cane area or Laniaueeke a ee OB: ‘| Axial and central area uniting into a lanceolate or linear space Ape. ae ee Gs 3. ae strie of equal length. . eek. ae. oe Bear et hiass ; 4. — alternately longer and shoeler : ee a 6 eg NV. lauta Gron. 4 {mi area orbicular . . a er ee a 5. — a transverse fascia... ........4.4. F 6. 5. ie acute or rostrate Reeey trtneaveyeeen. 9 ge wid ‘ : x depane W. Sm. obtuse... ... .N. Chyzeret Pant, N. Biscernenta Pant., NV. grata Pant. 6. tenes large. L. about 006 mm... . 1... ee te iN. Biewnnasa Pant. small. L. about 0,02 mm. . . . iV. megastauros Cu. 7 ae triundulate. ... N. Aveslaugiana Gass: W. gbpelniites v, Botteriana Grun.). NOt See te UR. idee UR. atest a as ap et tee ge ps a Oe) 8h 8. oe radiate throughout . owe Bo RO A ae aes : 9. Terminal strie convergent or pareiiel Sp ds Bea eee Gos e-4; Ae Ae eels 9. pe strie of equal length. ...... ie a dels , : dog do LO) . — alternately longer and shorter. . fo ho ghey BL Lew gy Del 10. es Very broad! se wg eS a eee ee ae a 2... NM. marginulata Cu. medium ‘sized BS ee See Mahal ses BS ay ae oade ce we ae Gp ek ota Be A NV. palpebralis Bris. 11. ae MAITOW iio t,o BndS Weal wR hoe Al ee Be a NV. Vahliana Grow. yrhombic-lanceolate . . . 006.) ee N. solida Cu. Valve elliptical: 4.9.0 4-2 32a @ ee OR Pee! a eee SD Pe N. Kochit Pant. 12. ee VAM CEOVA CC ims. Se se eae ae es a Ta ep tt a ie ay ig an 6 13. 13 ee coarse, distant, 4 to 8 in Oot mm. .......... ... N. yarrensis Grun. : — closer, 8to9in O01 mm .... 12. 2 ee eens . N. halionata Pant. 1. N. bituminosa Pant. (1889). — V. oe lsneaelnte, with subacuminate ends. L. 0,065; B. 0,0145 mm. Central pores of the median line somewhat approximate. Axial area narrow, linear. Central area a broad suborbicular fascia, almost reaching the margin. Striz 10 in 0,01 mm., divergent in the middle, convergent at the ends. —- Panr. II p. 42 Pl. VII f. 137. Brackish water: Hungary fossil! Var. latecapitata Pant. (1889). — V. linear, with broad, rostrate ends. L. 0,064; B. 0,0135 mm. Strie 8,5 to 9 in 0,01 mm. — Pant. II 1. ec. f. 133. Brackish water: Gyéngyés Pata, Hungary fossil (Pant.). Var. robusta Pant. (1889). — V. with capitate-rostrate ends. L. 0,085; B. 0,018 mm. Cen- tral area lanceolate. Striz 10 to 11 in 0,01 mm. — Pant. II Pl. XI f. 202. Brackish water: Erdébenye, Hungary, fossil (Pant.). Var. signata Panr. (1889). — V. linear-lanceolate, with obtuse ends. L. 0,068; B. 0,018 mm. Central area a transverse fascia reaching nearly to the margin. Striz 11 to 12,5 in 0,o1 mm. — Pant. II p. 48. WN. bit. v. valida Pl. V f. 89. Brackish water: Gyéngyés Pata, Hungary, fossil (Pant.). Var. staurophora Pant. (1889) — V. lanceolate. Li. 0,054 to 0,075; B. 0,013 to 0,015 mm. Central area a broad fascia, reaching to the margin. Striz 10 to 11 in 0,01 mm. — Panr. II Pl. V f. 87, 88. Brackish water: Hungary fossil (Pant.). Var.? cincta Pant. (1889). — V. lanceolate, with obtuse ends. L. 0,075; B. 0,016 mm. Area lanceolate, very wide. Strie 12,5 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. cincta Pant. II p. 44 Pl. XI f. 196. Brackish water: Hungary, fossil (Pant.). 68 Pp. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. Nar. bituminosa is a variable species, which is closely akin to Pinnularia, section divergentes. On the other hand some of its varieties seem to be akin to varieties of Nav. Yarrensis. The areas are subject to great variation, and there are gradual passages from forms with a perfect trans- verse fascia, to forms with the central and axial areas uniting in a lanceolate space. As the most extreme form of this kind I regard Nav. cincta Pant,, which I know only by the figure in Pantocsex’s work. Pantocsex considers it as a distinct species, and if so another name is neces- sary, as the name cincta has been used for another, well known species. 2. N. Chyzereii Pant. (1889). — V. elliptic-lanceolate, with obtuse extremities. L. 0,066; B. 0,019 mm. Axial area distinct, linear, abruptly dilated to an orbicular central area. Strive 8 to 10 in 0,01 mm. divergent in the middle, convergent at the ends. — Pant. II p. 43 Pl. V f. 96. Brackish water: Hungary, fossil! 3. N. discernenda Panr. (1889). — V. linear-elliptical, with subeuneate ends. L. 0,037 to 0,05; B. 0,012 to 0,013 mm. Axial area very narrow; central area large, orbicular. Strie 12 to 14 in 0,o1 mm. divergent in the middle, convergent at the ends. — Pant. II p. 45 Pl. XXII f. 335. Brackish water: Hungary, fossil! N. discernenda is closely akin to N. Chyzereti and scarcely more than a small variety with somewhat closer striz. 4. N. grata Pant. (1889). — V. narrow, elliptic-lanceolate. L. 0,084; B. 0,015 mm. Median pores distant. Axial area narrow linear, strongly dilated in the middle. Striz 11 in 0,01 mm., divergent in the middle, convergent at the ends, their terminations angularly bent. — Pant. IT p. 46 Pl. It f. 21. Brackish water: Hungary, fossil (Pant.). 5. N. elegans W. Sm. (1853). — V. lanceolate, with acute ends. L. 0,1; B. 0,027 mm. Median line with distant central pores and semicircular terminal fissures. Axial area very narrow; central area large, orbicular. Striz 9 in 0,01 mm., strongly divergent in the middle, convergent at the ends. — Br. D. I p. 49 Pl. XVI f. 187. Donx. Br. D. p. 23 PL. IV f. 1. Marine to brackish: England! Bohuslan! Var. cuspidata Cu. — V. rostrate. L. 0,08; B. 0o2 mm. Strix closer, about 12 in 0,01 mm. Brackish water: Atlantic coast of North America! 6. N. lauta Grun. (1888). — V. linear-elliptical, with subcuneate ends. L. 0,095; B. 0,028 mm. Axial area lanceolate, dilated in the middle. Median line with the terminal fissures in contrary directions (Grun.). Strie 13 (9 to 10 Grun.) in 0,01 mm. ‘divergent in the middle, con- vergent at the ends, in the middle alternately longer and shorter. — V. H. Types 542 Bot. Centralbl. XXIII p. 324. Icon. n. Part. I Pl. I f. 30. Brackish water: South Yarra, Australia! 7. N. megastauros Cy. (1883). — V. elliptic-lanceolate, with subacute ends. L. 0,02; B. 0,oo8 mm. Axial area indistinct; central large, transverse, dilated to a stauros, reaching nearly to the margin. Striz 16 in 0,01 mm., strongly divergent in the middle, transverse at the ends. -— Vega p. 464 Pl. XXXV f. 19. Marine: Cape Deschneff! Stauroneis delicatula Leup. Fortm. (Ceyl. p. 36 Pl. III f. 34, 1879) is twice as large as. NV. megastauros and seems to be akin to it. I have not seen this species. 8. N. halionata Panr. (1886). — V. lanceolate, gradually tapering from the middle to the obtuse ends. L. 0,12 to 0,22; B. 0,03 to 0,048 mm. Area broad, lanceolate. Strie 8 to 9 in 0,01 KUONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 27%, w:o 3. 69 mm. divergent in the middle, convergent at the ends; a few shorter striw are occasionally inter- ealated among the median. — Pant. I p. 25 Pl. XI f. 94. II Pl. If. 12. Marine, brackish: Hungary fossil! Atlantic City, N. Jers. U. 8S. Amer. foss. (Deby Coll.)! Var. robusta Pant. (1889). — L. 0,117; B. 0,036 mm. Strie 10 to 12,5 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. robusta Pant. II p. 53 Pl. IX f. 159. Brackish water: Hungary, foss. (Pant.). Var. directa Pant. (1889). — V. linear, with cuneate ends. L. 0,11; B. 0.024 mm. Striz 10 in 0,01 mm. — Pant. II p. 46 Pl. XII f. 211. Brackish water: Hungary, fossil (Pant.). Var. minor Pant. (1889). — V. elliptic-lanceolate. L. 0,09; B. 0,025 mm. Striz 10 in 0,01 mm. — Pant. II p. 46 Pl. XXVI f. 381. Marine: Hungary, fossil (Pant.). Nav. halionata is a beautiful species, akin to WN. Yarrensis and N. palpebralis, but much larger. Between N. halionata and N. robusta I am unable to find any difference of importance. 9. N. Raeana Casrr. (1886). — V. lanceolate sigmoid, twisted. L. 0,09 to 0,15; B. 0,035 to 0,04 mm. Area narrow, somewhat dilated in the middle. Striee smooth, 4,5 to 5 in 0,01 mm. — Pinn. Raeana Caster. D. Challenger p. 25 Pl. XV f. 3. Nav. contorta Kirron Ms. Brackish water: Ceylon! Singapore! Java! Sumatra! Labuan! Hongkong! This remarkable form is nearly akin to N. Yarrensis, of which it is perhaps a contorted variety. 10. N. Yarrensis Gru. (1876). — V. lanceolate, to narrow elliptical. with obtuse ends. L. 0,06 to O20; B. 0,02 to 0,038 mm. Median line with small terminal fissures. Area linear to lanceolate, more or less broad. Strie 4 to 4,5 in 0,01 mm., divergent in the middle slightly con- vergent towards the ends, where they are a little closer. — A. S. Atl. XLVI f. 1 to 6. Panr. 1 Pl. II f. 20; II Pl. X f. 178, XII f. 219, XVI f. 274. Brackish water: Kiel (Atl.), Hungary, fossil! S. Africa! Madagascar! Singapore! Ceylon! Java! Japan! Australia! Florida! Atlantic City N. Jers. U. S. Amer. fossil (L. 0,16; B. 0,03. Striz 6 in 0,01 mm.). Cameroon! Var. americana Cu. — L. 0,09; B. 0,018. Strie 7 to 8 in 0,o1 mm. Area narrow. Brackish water: Atlantic coast of U. 8. Quincy Mass.! Cape May! Connecticut! Var. bituminosa Pant. (1889). — V. elliptic-lanceolate. L. 0,056 to 0,075; B. 0,016 to 0,0185 mm. Area lanceolate, wide. Strie 5 to 8 in 0,01 mm. — Panr. II p. 55 Pl. IV f. 74. Brackish water: Gyéngyés Pata etc., Hungary (Pant.). Var. gracilior Pant. (1889). — V. lanceolate. L. 0,062; B. 0,o16 mm. Area wide. Striz 6 in 0,o1 mm. — Pant. II p. 55 Pl. XXI f. 323. Marine: Bory Dept. Hungary (Pant.). Var. valida Pant. (1889). — V. broad, lanceolate. L. 0,057; B.0,o2 mm. Area wide, lanceo- late. Strize 7 to 8,5 in 0,01 mm. — Panr. II p. 55 Pl. XII f. 212. Brackish water: Szurdok-Piispéki Dept. Hungary (Pant.). Var. De Wittiana Kain & Scuutrz. — V. broadly linear with protracted ends. L. 0,11; B. 0.03 mm. Area narrow, lanceolate. Strie 5 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. De Wittiana Kain & Scuuttz Tor. Bot. Club Aug. 1889 Vol. XVI N:o 8 p. 209 Pl. XCIII f. 5. Marine: Atlantic City, N. Jers. foss. (Deby Coll.)! Var.? aradina Pant. (1893). — V. lanceolate. L. 0,06; B. 0,o2 mm. Area broad, lanceolate. Strie 5 to 6 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. aradina Pant. IIT Pl. XXX f. 434. Marine?: Kavna-Bremia, Hungary, fossil (Pant.). Var.? Phalangium Pant. (1893). — Linear, with cuneate ends. L. 0,06; B. 0,017 mm. Area narrow-lanceolate. Strie 6 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. phalangium Pant. III Pl. XXX f. 432. Marine?: Kavna-Bremia, Hungary, fossil (Pant.). 70 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. Var. Simbirskiana Panv. (1889). — V. lanceolate with protracted ends. L. 0,048; B. 0,015 mm. Area lanceolate. Strize 8 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. Simbirskiana Pant. Il p. 53 Pl. XII f. 216. Marine: Russia, Ananino, foss. (Pant.). Var. hevesensis Pant. (1889). — V. slightly constricted in the middle, with subcuneate ends. L. 0,072; B. 0,015 mm. Area wide, linear. Strie 6,5 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. hevesensis Pant. II p 47 Pl. IV f. 67. Brackish water: Hungary, foss. (Pant.). 11. N. Kochii Panr. (1889). — V. elliptical, with broad, rounded ends. L. 0,017 to 0,014 mm. Median line with approximate central pores, and small curved terminal fissures. Area narrow, linear-lanceolate, widened in the middle. Strie slightly radiate in the middle, 8 (8 to 12 Pant.) in 0,01 mm., convergent at the ends. — Panr. II p. 49 Pl. IV f. 72. Brackish water: Hungary, foss. (Pant.). 12. N. Areschougiana Grun. (1860). —- V. narrow, linear, triundulate, with subrostrate, obtuse ends. L. 0,1; B. 0,008 mm. Area linear. Strie 10 in 0,01 mm. — Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 521 Pl. IIT f. 28. Marine: Sweden, Bohuslan (Grun.)- This species is entirely unknown to me, having never seen in the numerous gatherings from west-coast of Sweden. which I have examined, anything similar to the fig. of Grunow. I have provisionally placed this form near to Nav. palpebralis, among the varieties of which isa triundu- late form, viz. var. Botteriana. 13. N. Vahliana Grun. (1874). — V. lanceolate, with subrostrate, obtuse ends. L. 0,04; B. 0,011 mm. Area narrow lanceolate. Strie 13 in 0,01 mm., divergent and alternately longer and shorter in the middle, transverse at the ends. — A. S. N. S. D. Pl. II f. 21. Marine: North Sea (A. 8.). This speciee is unknown to me, perhaps a variety of N. palpebralis. 14. N. palpebralis Bris. (1853). — V. elliptic-lanceolate, with acute ends. L. 0,038 to 0,08; B. 0,013 to 0,016 mm. Area broad, lanceolate. Striz 10 in 0,01 mm., radiate throughout, not distinctly punctate. — Brés. in W. Sm. B. D. Ip. 50 Pl. XXXI f. 273. Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 536 Pl. III f. 27. Donk. B. D. p. 25 Pl. IV f. 3. V. H. Syn. p. 96 Pl. XI f. 9. Marine, usually litoral: Davis Strait! North Sea (coast of England, Norway and Bel- gium)! Atlantic (Morocco)! Mediterranean (Balearic Islands! Adriatic Grun.), Galapagos Islands! Connecticut! Var. Barclayana Gree. (1857). — V. broad, linear with acuminate-apiculate ends. L. 0,041 to 0,043 (0,1 to 0,11 according to Greg.); B. 0,02 (0,026 to 0,03 according to Greg.) mm. Strize 11 to 12 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. Barcl. Grea. D. of Cl. p. 480 Pl. IX f. 9. Nav. palp. var. Barkl. Vo o. Syn. pi. OF PL AL £12. Marine: North Sea (Scotland, Greg., Belgium, V. H.), Mediterr. (Balearic Islands, Adriatic)! Var. angulosa Gruc. (1856). — V. as the type. L. 0,06 to 0,11; B. 0,014 to 0,o21 mm. Area lanceolate, angular in the middle. — Nav. angulosa Gree. T. M. 8. IV p. 42 Pl. V f. 8. Donk. B. D. p. 26 Pl IV fi 4. A. S.N.S. D. ID £19. Naw. palp. var. angulosa V. H. Syn. Pl. XI f. 10. Marine: North Sea (Sweden! Belgium V. H.), Mediterranean (Naples)! Var. semiplena Gree. (1859). — V. narrow, elliptic-lanceolate, with subacute ends. L. 0,06 to 0,075; B. 0,013 to 0,015 mm. Area narrow, lanceolate. — Pinn. semipl. Gree. M. J. VII p. 84 Pl. VI f. 12. Nav. angulosa var. @ Grec. T. M. S. IV p. 42 Pl. V f. &*. Nav. semipl. Donx. B. D. p. 26 Pl. IV f. 5. Nav. presecta A. S. N.S. D. p. 90 Pl II f. 20? Marine: Spitsbergen! Finmark! Scotland (Grev.), Morocco! Fossil, Baldjik! KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 27. n:o 3. 71 Var. obtusa V. H. (1885). — V. lanceolate, with subrostrate, obtuse ends. L. 0,05; B. 0,017 mm. Area lanceolate. — Syn. p. 97 Pl XI f. 8. Marine: Belgium (V. H.). Var. minor Grun. (1880). — V. elliptic-lanceolate, with acute ends. L. 0,035 to 0,043; B. 0,011 to 0,012 mm. Area lanceolate. Striz 10 to 11 in 0,01 mm. — A. D. p. 30 Pl. I f. 23. V. H.S. p. 97 Pl. XI f. 11. Nav. minor Grae. D. of Cl. p. 477 Pl. IX f. 1 (1857)? Marine: Finmark! Belgium (V. H.). Var. Botteriana Grun. (1860). — V. broad, lanceolate, with slightly triundulate margin. L. 0,07 to 0,08; B. 0,02 to 0,023 mm. Area large, lanceolate. Striz 8 in 0,o1 mm. (finely punctate, Grun.).. — Nav. Bott. Groy. Verh. 1860 p. 535 Pl. III f. 20. Nav. Esoculus Scuum. P. D. p. 189 Pl. IX f. 538? Marine: Adriatic (Grun.). Forma minor Grun. — V. with rostrate ends and triundulate margins. L. 0,04; B. 0,0136 mm. Striz 12 in 0,01 mm. — 1. ¢. f. 10. Marine: Adriatic (Grun.). 15. N. solida Cx. (1880). — V. elliptic-lanceolate, with subacute ends. L. 0,058; B. 0,024 mm. Area rhombic-lanceolate. Striz 10 in 0,01 mm., the median alternately longer and shorter. — A.D. p. 183 PLIf. 24. Marine: Finmark! 16. N. marginulata Cu. (1881). — V. rhomboid. I.. 0,042; B. 0,012 mm Area very large. Strie 17 in 0,01 mm. — N. R. D. p. 11 Pl. Ill f. 29. Marine: Pensacola, Florida! Pinnularia Ens. (1843). Valve more or less elongated, usually linear, with rounded, obtuse, sometimes capitate, ends. Median line straight or flexuose. Terminal fissures generally large and distinct. Structure: appa- rently more or less smooth, transverse striz, usually radiate or divergent in the middle, convergent at the ends. Connecting zone not complex. — The chromatophores form two plates, closely following the interior surface of the connecting zone. At the division of the cell they migrate from the zone to the interior surface of the valves, and are then split up along the longitudinal axis of the valve by fissures, simultaneously in the middle and at the ends (Pritzzr, Bau und Entw. p. 51). — On conjugating, two parallel cells form two small egg-shaped auxospores, one above the other. The auxospores are later on developed into cylindrical transversely annulated bodies, bearing at their ends hemispherical caps (PrrtzzR, Bau und Entw. p. 67). The following description of the structure of the valve is principally an abridged account of the researches of Prirzzr (Bau und ‘Entw. p. 30), Fléemn (J. R. M.S. ser. 2 IV p. 505) and especially Orro Miiizr (Ber. d. D. Bot. Ges. VII p. 169, 1889). The valve forms a more or less convex shell, and its median part a more or less narrow, structureless area (the axial area) usually dilated in the middle to an irregularly rounded space, or to a transverse fascia (the central area) and at the ends to a smaller space (the terminal area or nodule). The axial area is bordered by strig, in most cases radiate in the middle and con- vergent at the ends. In the middle of the central area is the central nodule, and, connecting the central and terminal nodules, the median line. The strie are thinner parts of the valve and according to Pritzer furrows on the outside, according to FiéezL and Mttuer channels on the inside, of the valve, closed, except in the middle, 72 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. where is a large foramen. The foramina form in the large rspecies, a more or less distinct or broad longitudinal band across the strie. The central nodule consists of a conical silicious mass, projecting in the inside of the cell, usually excentric, so that one margin of its base (the median margin) coincides with the axis of the valve. Between the nodules of both valves, in the interior of the cell, is the median plasma- mass, containing in its middle the nucleus. According to Orro Miimr the central nodule has, on the top of the cone or its median side, an open shallow furrow, in both ends of which is a pore, by which the plasma communicates with a system of closed channels in the central nodule and, by means of similar channels in the median line, with open fissures in the parts of the median line which are between the centre and the ends. From these pores pass vertically, through the solid mass of the nodule, two channels (the channels of the central nodule) which terminate on the exterior of the valve as two bulb-shaped pores (the median pores). The channels of the central nodule each give rise to two parallel, closed, channels, one above the other (the exterior and in- terior channels). Two similar channels also open into the terminal nodules. The exterior of these channels is at its end bent towards that side of the valve, on which the central nodule is situated, and terminates in an oblique, sometimes spirally twisted, fissure (the terminal fissure), which bends round the terminal nodule. The terminal fissures are in most cases turned to the same side, but in some few cases in contrary directions. Their shape is somewhat different in different groups, sometimes curved and comma-like, sometimes straight, giving to the ends of the median line a bayonet-like shape. On the lower side of the curved end, or opening of the exterior channel, opposite to the terminal fissure, is a triangular fissure (the funnel) which passes obliquely through the terminal nodule, and opens with its pore-like apex into the plasma-mass at the ends of the cell. The median part of the funnel communicates with the interior channel of the terminal nodule. The exterior and interior channels from the central to the terminal nodules are connected by a fissure of more or less complicated structure. In many cases this fissure forms a filiform line and seems then to be simply a vertical fissure. In other cases it is broad, and lies in an oblique position. In some of the larger species the fissure is of a more complex nature, being formed by the junction of short knife-like laminz projecting from both halves of the valve. From the half of the valve, on which the central nodule is situated project three, in some cases two, such lamine, alternating with two (or one) lamine from the other half of the valve. In some of the larger species the anterior laminz on the half of the valve which contains the central nodule cover the lamin on the other half of the valve on two portions of the median line, thus giving rise to a biundulated median line. The genus Pinnularia comprises a great number of forms, both marine and fresh-water, the latter being very predominant, forming an important and very characteristic part of the fresh- water diatomaceous flora, both recent and fossil. The marine forms are not all closely connected. One group among them is characterized by the peculiar form of the large terminal fissures, pro- jecting from the ends of the median line at an angle of about 90°. To this group belong P. Tre- velyana, P. rectangulata, P. groenlandica, and in a less degree P. cruciformis. The latter seems to be connected with P. quadratarea, having indistinct terminal fissures. Smaller marine forms bear a great resemblance to the smallest fresh-water Pinnularie of the group Parallelistriate. Among the marine forms are a few more or less panduriform, which appear in several respects to be akin to panduriform species of the genus Caloneis. The fresh-water forms pass into one another to a great extent, so that the definition of good or distinct species or groups is a matter of the greatest difficulty or almost impossible. Still, I think some groups of forms may be distinguished, although closely connected with each other. Such groups are the following: KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 27. w:o 3, is I. Parallelistriate, which comprises forms generally small, often with capitate or rostrate ends, and with close, parallel or slightly radiate strie. The axial area is indistinct or very narrow. Several of these forms resemble small fresh-water species of Caloneis, and it may be in some cases questionable whether they should be classed with Pinnularia, or with the forms of the Caloneis Silicula-type. The only distinction is the absence of the longitudinal line which crosses the striz of the Caloneis-forms, and which is indeed often seen in these only with great difficulty. II. Capitate. Small forms, with capitate or rostrate ends, radiate strie, and narrow or indistinct axial area. UI. Divergentes. Smaller or larger, linear, sublanceolate, or subelliptical forms, with rounded ends and strongly radiate striz. The axial area, in some species narrow, is in others moderately broad. From the smallest species of this group, P. Brébissonii, to the large P. epis- copalis is a continual series of forms, while on the other side P. Brébissonii is closely connected with P. microstauron of the Capitate. Small forms of P. Brébissonii seem also to graduate into the group of IV. Distantes, comprising lanceolate to elliptical, or elliptic-linear forms, remarkable for their distant striz. V. Tabellariee, comprising forms generally linear, narrow, often gibbous in the middle and at the ends. The striz are usually strongly radiate in the middle, and convergent at the ends. The terminal fissures are more or less bayonet-shaped. The area is distinct but moderately narrow. This group is closely connected with the divergentes, P. Legumen being an intermediate form. On the other hand it is also closely allied with the next. VI. Brevistriate, comprising linear forms, with very broad axial area and parallel striz. In P. hemiptera this group touches the following. VU. Majores, usually large, linear, and slender forms with parallel or radiate strie, narrow area, oblique median line and comma-like, terminal fissures. VIII. Complexe, linear, usually Jarge forms, remarkable for their complex median line. Several forms belonging to Pinnularia have some apparent resemblance to those belonging to Caloneis, but it is questionable whether they are really connected. The longitudinal struc- tureless depression of P. Trevelyana and P. groenlandica seem to point to an affinity with some species of Caloneis, which also have smooth striz, but the terminal fissures of the above named species of Pinnularia are too peculiar to allow of their union. Among the Navicule are some forms, which, on account of their smooth striae might be placed in Pinnularia, especially Navicula Yarrensis, typical specimens of which have some likeness to P. alpina; but there is, I believe, no true relation between these forms, the terminal fissures of P. alpina being spirally twisted and large, those of Nav. Yarrensis being indistinct. Among the many fossil forms, recently discovered in Hungary and described by Dr. Pan- TOCSEK, are several closely connected with N. Yarrensis and with N. elegans. These forms are also allied to the group of Nav. palpebralis. All these seem to be related to the group of Nav. lineolate, for which reason I consider it more natural to class Nav. Yarrensis and its allied forms in Navicula than in Pinnularia. The small species Nav. hungarica and Nav. costulata with coarse, apparently smooth, strie seem naturally to belong to the same group as Nav. Yarrensis, although it may not be denied that they are also akin to some forms of the Lineolate, for in- stance Nav. cincta. K. Sv. Vet. Akad. Handl. Band 27. N:o 3. 10 74 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. I. Gracillime. Artificial key. i jee rounded ..... a a ee : eee 2 2s — capitate or rostrate . : i & a a eee 9. es not interrupted . . : dele ‘ P. sublinearis Grun. — interrupted .. .... .. : is Pet e Be ; 3, ee trie almost parallel . . . oo are es be, he Ew, PB: leptosoma Gron. ') in the middle slightly wales fae tie) abe went P. molaris Gron. é es CApIAte. 2 Sot ke ah tia Bad : ‘ P. undulata Gaze. ‘ — rostrate . a. ‘ ; re .. . . . P. gracillima Grea. 1. P. gracillima Gree. (1856). — V. linear, triundulate, with rostrate to subcapitate ends. L. 0,026 to 0,03; B. 0,005 mm. Areas indistinct. Striew, 18 to 22 in 0,01 mm. almost parallel. — M. J. IV Pl. If. 31. Nav. gr. V. H. S. Pl. VI f. 24. N. mesotyla Scuum. Tatra D. Pl. IV f. 51? Fresh water: Scotland (Greg.), Greenland! . 2. P. undulata Grae. (1854). — V. linear, with more or less distinctly triundulate margins and broad, capitate ends. L. 0,03 to 0,035; B. 0,oo6 mm. Axial area indistinct; central area or- bicular or a transverse fascia. Strize 22 in 0,01 mm., almost parallel, convergent at the a“ — M. J. I, Pl. IV f. 10. — Cu. D. of Finland p. 30 Pl. II f. 8. Fresh water: Sweden (Pautriisk in Stensele Lappmark)! Finland, Savitaipale Dept! Scot- land (Greg.). Var. subundulata Grun. — V. with less distinctly undulated margins. Strie 18 to 21 in 0,o1 mm., not interrupted. — V. H. Types N:o 140. Fresh water: Scotland (V. H. T.). As far one may judge from the figures Nav. mesotyla Scuum. and P. gracillima are the same species, and the only difference between them and P. undulata consists in the broad, capitate ends of the latter. 3. P. sublinearis Grun. (1880). — V. narrow, linear, slightly gibbous in the middle, with rounded ends. L. 0,02 to 0,03; B. 0,004 mm. Areas indistinct. Strize 21 to 24 in 0,01 mm. slightly radiate in the middle, convergent at the ends. — Nav. subl. Grun. V. H. Syn. p. 76 Pl. VI f. 25, 26. P. tenuis Gruc. M. J. 1854 p. 97 PL IV f. 9? Fresh water: Greenland! 4. P. leptosoma Grun. (1880). — V. narrow, linear, with rounded ends. L. 0,085 to 0,04; B. 0,005 mm. Median line with approximate central pores. Axial area very narrow; central area a broad, transverse fascia. Strice 14 or 17 (middle) to 16 or 20 in 0,01 mm. (at the ends) almost parallel. — Nav. leptos. Grun. in V. H. Syn. XII f. 29. Fresh water: Sweden (Rimforsa in Westergétland)! Finland! 5. P. molaris Grun. (1863). — V. linear, slender, with rounded or subcuneate ends. L. 0,033 to 0,05; B. 0,005 to 0,oos mm. Axial areal narrow or indistinct; central area a broad, trans- verse fascia, reaching to the margin. Striw 15 to 17 in 0,01 mm., slightly radiate in the middle, convergent at the ends. — Nav. molaris Grun. Verh. 1863 p. 149 Pl. IV f. 26. V. H. Syn. Pl. VI f. 19. Nav. macra A. S. Atl. XLIV f. 54. Nav. mesoleia Cu. N. R. D. p. 10 Pl. IT f. 26. Fresh water: Norway (Dovre)! Scotland! Sweden! Denmark (Ringkébing Atl.), Finland! Germany (Grun.), Brazil! Demerara River! Cape Horn! Bengal! P. molaris is nearly akin to P. leptosoma, which differs by nothing except the less radiate median and the closer terminal strie. 1) Conf. P. isostauron Grun. KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 27. w:o 3. ves II. Capitatee. Artificial key. L eles rostrate . £ Eee oy P. microstauron Eqs. capitate . : ee a ee PAR: oS » 2, 9, lei Valve with undulated margins . . se ee ee we PB. mesolepta Ens. not undulated. ...... ae ar a ee See ppl oe VB: 3 ies linear. «a0 6 wee ew a Ee Bo Rivar eatuannee o ; P. interrupta W. Sm. lanceolate. . . ; esa <3 a ed. 4. ae ends broad and lace, degen. cpnlte’, . x y OF : P. globiceps Grxe. j ends small . Be ot 00 ae ea de a ae ae 5. 5. as Valve lanceolate... ..... ne ; . . . P. Braunit Grun. almost linear P Ry otter hs i ; Gote este, BC: 6. la 16 to 18 in Oot mm ... 2... .... . P. appendiculata Ac. 12 to 13 in 001mm ©. .....~..., Be SR es P. subcapitata Gruc- 6. P. appendiculata Ag. (1828). — V. linear, gently tapering from the middle to the slightly rostrate-capitate ends. L. 0,018 to 0,036; B. 0,004 to 0,005 mm. Area very narrow, dila- ted in the middle to a transverse fascia. Strie 16 to 18 in 0,01 mm., slightly radiate in the middle, convergent at the ends. — Frustulia app. Ac. Icon. Alg. Eur. Pl. I (according to Kiitz). Nav. app. Kitz Bac. p. 93 Pl. ILI f. 28. V. H. Syn. p. 79 Pl. VI f. 18, 20. N. app. v. trrorata Grun. V. H. Syn. Pl. VI f. 30, 31. Nav. Naveana Grun. Verh. 1863 p. 149 Pl. IV f. 24. V. H. Syn. PY. Vi. £. 29, Fresh water (moist rocks, mosses etc.): Iceland! Scotland! Sweden (Gothland)! Belgium (V. H.), Briinn (Grun.), Bengal! Australia (Blue Mountains)! Greenland! New Jersey (Hoboken)! Ecuador! Var. budensis Grun. (1880). — V. gibbous in the middle, with distinctly capitate ends. Striz 20 to 23 in 0,01 mm. — V. H. Syn. Pl. VI f. 27, 28. Hot springs: Buda-Pesth (Grun.), New Zealand! P. appendiculata is closely connected with P. subcapitata and P. molaris and the other hand through the var. budensis with P. Braunit. 7. P. Braunii Grun. (1876). — V. lanceolate, with capitate or subcapitate ends. L. 0,035 to 0,05; B. 0,009 to 0,oos mm. Axial area narrow, gradually increasing in breadth towards the middle of the valve, where it expands to a large and broad, transverse fascia. Strie 11 to 12 in 0,01 mm., divergent in the middle, convergent at the ends. — Nav. Brauniana Grun. in A. 8. Atl. XLV f. 77, 78. Nav. Braunii Grun. in V. H. Syn. p. 79 Pl. VI f. 21. Fresh water: Iceland! Sweden (Rosslangen in Kalmar lan! Loka, Atl.), Finland! Belgium (V. H.), Bengal! Australia (Blue Mountains)! Argentina! Brazil! 8. P. subeapitata Gree. (1856). — V. linear, with subcapitate to capitate ends. L. 0,03 to 0,05; B. 0,005 to 0,oo6 mm. Axial area narrow or indistinct. Central area a transverse fascia. Strie 12 to 138, slightly divergent in the middle, convergent at the ends. — M. J. IV p. 9 Pl. I f. 30. Pin. Hilseana Janiscu in Rabb. Alg. Sachs. N:o 953 (1860). Nav. Hilseana A. 8. Atl. XLV f. 65. -V. H. Syn. p. 77 Suppl. A. f. 11. Nav. subcapitata A. S. Atl. XLIV f. 53, 55. V. H. Syn. p 78 Pl. VI £, 22. A, §. Ath ALV £ 59, 60. Fresh water: Spitsbergen! Sweden (Helsingland, Upsala, Marstrand, Gothland)! Finland! Scotland! England! Kiel! Belgium (V. H.), Bengal! Amsterdam Island! Australia (Blue Mountains)! Argentina! Ecuador! Greenland! Var. paucistriata Gruy. — Strie short, gradually shortened towards the middle, where is a very broad transverse fascia. — V. H. Syn. p. 79 Pl. VI f. 23. 76 Pp. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. Pinn. subcapitata of Grucory has uninterrupted striz, but forms with a transverse fascia are much more frequent. This species seems to graduate into Pinn. interrupta, from which it differs principally by its smaller size and less distinctly capitate ends. 9. P. interrupta W. Sm. (1853). — V. linear, with parallel or slightly concave margins and capitate ends. L. 0,05 to 0,076; B. 0,018 mm. Axial area narrow, dilated in the middle to a rhomboid space or transverse fascia. Striz 10 to 15 in 0,01 mm., strongly radiate in the middle, convergent at the ends. Forma biceps: central area rhomboid. — P. biceps Grec. M. J. IV p. 8 Pl. I f. 28 (1856). P. interrupta 8 W. Sm. B. D. IL p. 96. Nav. mesolepta 8 producta Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 520 Pl. IV f. 22 a. Nav. bicapitata Laest. Spitsb. D. p. 23 PL If. 5. V. H. Syn. p. 78 Pl. VI f. 14. Nav. biceps A. 8. Atl. XLV f. 69, 70. Nav. Termes A. 8. Atl. XLV f. 67. Nav. mesolepta var. boryana Pant. III Pl. XXI f. 312. Fresh water: Spitsbergen! Norway! Sweden! Finland! Scotland (Greg.), Siberia! Japan! Australia, Blue Mountains! Brazil! Forma stauroneiformis: central area a transverse fascia. Pinn. interrupta W. Sm. B. D. XIX f. 184. Nav. int. A. S. Atl. XLV f. 72, 75, 76. Nav. Termes var. stauroneif. V. H. Syn. Pl. VI f, 12, 18. A. 8. Atl XLV £ 71. Fresh water: Greenland! Norway (Romsdalen)! Sweden! Finland! England (W. Sm.), Ger- many (Atl.), Bengal! Sandwich Islands! Surinam! Brazil! Var. crassior Grun. (1880). — V. gibbous in the middle and with broad, capitate ends L. 0,035 to 0,042; B. 0,008 to 0,o12 mm. Strie 13 to 14 in 0,01 mm. — Naw. globiceps var. crassior Grun. A. D. p. 27 PL If. 13. A. 8S. Atl XLV f. 79 (without name). Brackish water: Jamal (Kara Sea)! Aland (Baltic)! Pinnul. biceps is closely connected with P. mesolepta, which differs only in the triundulate margins. There is the same connection between them as between P. divergens and P. Legumen. 10. P. mesolepta Exp. (1843). — V. triundulated, with capitate ends. L. 0.03 to 0,06; B. 0,011 mm. Axial area narrow, dilated in the middle. Striz 10 to 14 in 0,01 mm. strongly divergent in the middle and convergent at the ends. — Nav. mesolepta Exp. Am. IV:2 f. 4. Kitz Bac. p. 101 Pl. XXVIII f. 73, XXX f. 34. V. H. Syn. p. 79 Pl. VI f. 10—11. Pinn. mesolepta W. Sm. B. D. XIX f. 182. Nav. mes. var. a, genuina Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 520. Fresh water: England! Scotland! Greenland! New Zealand! Var. stauroneiformis Grun. (1860). — Central area a transverse fascia, widened towards the margins. — Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 520 Pl. IV f. 22 &. A. S. Atl. XLV f. 52, 53. Fresh water: Sweden (Rosslangen, Upsala)! Finland! Greenland! Canada! Bridgewater, Maine! Var. angusta Cu. — V. narrow linear, triundulate. L. 0,065 to 0.08; B. 0,009 to 0,01 mm. Axial area wider. Strie 10 to 13 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. gracillima A. 8S. Atl. XLV f. 62. Ch. M. D. Nio 1083. Fresh water: Upsala, Sweden! Ringkisbing, Denmark (Atl.), Harz (Atl.), Maine, Bridge- town! Demerara River! Rio Purus, Brazil! Var. polyonca Brks. (1849). — V. triundulate; the median inflation being larger than the others. L. 0,06 to 0,08; B. 0,012 mm. Area narrow, gradually expanded towards the middle toa stauros. Striz 11 to 12 in 0.01 mm., divergent in the middle, convergent at the ends. — Nav. polyonca Brés. in Kiitz Sp. Alg. p. 85. V. H. Syn. p. 80 Suppl. A. f. 14. Nav. mesotyla A. S. Atl. XLV f. 54, 55. Fresh water: Sweden (Loka, Atl., Upsala!) Belgium (V. H.). P. mesolepta is nearly connected with P. interrupta and analogous to P. nodosa, from which latter it differs by its narrower area. The var. polyonca is in all respects to P. mesolepta what the var. Formica is to P. nodosa. KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND. 2¢. N:0 3, 77 11. P. globiceps Gree. (1856). — V. strongly gibbous in the middle and with capitate ends. L. 0,03 to 0,04; B. 0,01 mm. Axial area indistinct; central area a broad, transverse fascia, narrowed towards the margin. Strie 16 to 18 in 0,01 mm., divergent in the middle, convergent at the ends. — M. J. IV Pl. I f. 34. Nav. glob. V. H. S. Syn. Suppl. A. f. 13. Brackish water: Scotland (Greg.), Anvers (V. H.), Strehlen (Grun.), Dérrenberg in Saxony! Bengal! Var. Krookii Gruy. (1882). — L. 0,015 to 0,028; B. 0,005 to 0,007 mm. Central area a wide lanceolate space. Strie 15 to 17 in 0,01 mm. in the middle, 19 to 20 near the ends. — Nav. Krockit Grun. Foss. D. Osterr. Ung. p. 155 Pl. XXX f. 40. Brackish water: Hungary, (Soos Dept. Grun.), Gulf of Bothnia (Salmis to Tornea)! 12. P. microstauron Eup. (1843). — V. linear, with parallel margins and rostrate, broad ends. L. 0,025 to 0,08; B. 0,007 to 0,oo9 mm. Axial area very narrow, frequently dilated in the middle to a transverse fascia. Striz 12 in 0,01 mm., strongly divergent in the middle and con- vergent at the ends. — Stanroptera microstauron Kus. Am. I: 4 f. 1; IV: 2 f. 2, Microg. XVI: 2 f. 4. Stauroneis micr. Kitz. Bac. p. 106 Pl. XXIX f. 13. A. S. Atl. XLIV f.16. Nav. divergens f. minor A. S. Atl. XLIV f. 14, 84, 35, XLV f. 81 to 34. Nav. Brébissoni v. subproducta V. H. Syn. p. 77 Pl. V f. 9. Pinn. interrupta Pxpicino Ischia II f. 14. Nav. bicapitata var. hybrida V. H. Syn. Pl. VI f. 9. Nav. Brébissonii Laest. Spitsb. D. I f. 2 a. Pinn. Rabenhorstiana Hitsx Rab. A. Sachs. N:o 842 (1859). Nav. divergens var. prolongata Br. a. Hiripaup D. d’Auvergne p. 89 Pl. IV £. 1, Fresh water: Spitsbergen! Finmark! Sweden (Lappland, Areskutan, Skane)! Finland (Lapp- land to Abo)! Englndl Germany Kamtschatka! Australia (Blue Mountains)! Greenland! North America (Canada, Maine, White Mountains, Sierra Nevada)! P. microstauron is closely connected with P. Brébissonit and P. interrupta var. stauronet- formis, which graduates into P. mesolepta. Til. Divergentes.. Artificial key. L ieee fissures in contrary direction .... . YS ee pei: Ens. — inthe same direction ........ eee ee 2. 2. en with undulated margins .. 1... 1... 2 eee ee ee P. Legumen Eus. not undulated. .. 2.0 7 ee ee ey wa Rs i Me ee Ses Bs 3. 3. ree area rounded . pa cn ee ee : ; . .. P. karelica Cu. — a transverse fascia. . 24 a er ee 4, rm sea forms 0,04 to 0,06 mm. . . ae ve OD Larger forms 0.07 to 0,36 mm. . : By aiuto ae Strie very strongly divergent . . . ; F .. . BP. divergentissima Gron. m ea somewhat divergent §....... O. Cte. a . P. Brébissonii Kirz. Striz 8 to 9 in 0,01 mm. gees 165 age ah MA eee) Soe eel oN e { — Ito 12in Oo1 mm... 1... «1... 52 . . BP. divergens W. Sm. Valve linear with parallel margins... ‘ ae ey 8. % ees — gibbous in the middle and at the “ene : ce P. Hartleyana Guzc. Striz strongly radiate SYR. ASN Bia ee . . BP. episcopalis Cu. e oe slightly radiate ..... ; . P. Cardinaliculus Cu. 13. P. divergentissima Grun. (1880). — v. lanceolate with obtuse ends. L. 0,03 to 0,035; B. 0,007 mm. Axial area indistinct. Central area a broad fascia. Strie 13 in 0,01 mm. strongly divergent in the middle and convergent at the ends. — Nav. nodulosa forma Laest. Spitsb. D. p. 22 Pl. Il f. 2. Nav. divergentissima Gron. in V. H. Syn. Pl. VI f. 32. Fresh water: Spitsbergen (Ldt), North Iceland! Norway (Dovre)! Finland (Russian Lap- land, Abo)! Greenland! Canada! New Zealand! This little species is very characteristic and seems to belong to arctic and alpine regions. 78 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID, DIATOMS. 14. P. Brébissoni Kirz (1844): — V. linear-elliptical, with rounded ends. Lz. 0,04 to 0,06; B. 0,011 to 0,01 mm, Area narrow, gradually widened in the middle to a transverse fascia, broader towards the central nodule. Striew 10 to 13 in 0,01 mm., divergent in the middle and convergent towards the ends. — Nav. Brébissonii Kitz Bac. p. 93 Pl. Il f. 49. A. 8. Atl. XLIV f. 17, 18. V. H. Syn. p. 77 Pl. V f. 7. Lor Spitsb. D. Pl. I f. 2 a Wolle D. of Am. X f. 262 Pinn. stauroneiformis W. Sm. Br. D. I p. 57 Pl. XIX f. 178 a’ (1853). Puprcrno,' Ischia PL. IL f. 21. Nav. Mormonorum Grun. in A. S. Atl. XLIV f. 24 to 26. Nav. Brébissonii var, fossilis Pant. III Pl. XIX f. 279 (1898). Fresh water, (earth and mosses): Beeren Eiland (Ldt), Spitsbergen! Iceland! Norway (owes)! Sweden! Scotland! England (W. Sm.), Finland! Belgium (V. H.), Germany (Harz, Atl.), Switzer- land! Italy! Greenland! Utah! Var. diminuta V. H. (1880). — Smaller, with gradually narrowed ends. — Syn. p. 77 Pl. Vf. 8. Fresh water: Finland! Scotland! Belgium (V. H.). Var. notata Hiri. a. Prrag. (1893). — V. more narrow, slender. L. 0,05 to 0,055; B. ‘0,008 to 0,oo9 mm. ‘Striz 10 to 15 in 0,01 mm. strongly radiate. — Nav. notata Hérts. D. d'Auvergne p. 87 Pl IV f. 11. P. stawroneif. Sm. B. D. XTX f. 178 6. A. S. Atl XLIV f. 19. Fresh water: Iceland! Norway (Romsdalen)! Finland! Germany (Franzenbad, Atl.), Puy de Dome (foss. Hérib.), Santa Rosa, Cal.! P.. Brébissonii is a very variable species, closely connected with smaller forms of P. diver- gens and with P. microstauron. Nearly allied also is P. appendiculata. 15. P. karelica Cu. (1891). — V. linear, gibbous in the middle, with broad, truncate ends. L. 0,045 to 0,05; B. 0,011 to 0,012 mm. Median line straight, with moderately approximate median pores and hook-shaped terminal fissures, turned in the same direction. Axial area indistinct; central area large, orbicular. Strie divergent in the middle, convergent at the pide 15 to 16 in 0,o1 mm. — Diat. of Finl. p. 28 Pl. I f. 6. Fresh or slightly brackish water: Norway (Mouth of Tana-elf)! Sweden (Lule Lappmark, Wenern, Rosslingen in Smaland, Umea, fossil)!’ Finl., Karelen! 16. P. Legumen Ens. (1843). — V. linear-lanceolate, with triundulate margins and sub- rostrate, broad ends. L. 0,07 to 0,011; B. 0,015 to 0,018 mm. Median line filiform, with comma- like terminal fissures. Axial area broad, nearly '/, of the breadth of the valve, dilated in the middle. Striz 10 to 12 in 0,01 mm., strongly divergent in the middle, convergent at the ends. -— Am. 1.1. f. 7? Nav. Leg. Eup. M. G. Il: 2 f. 12. A. 8S. Atl. XLIV f. 44 to 47. V. H. Syn. p. 80 Pl. VI f. 16. Nav. undulata Scuum. P. D. p. 188 f. 37. Fresh water: Sweden! Norway (Stavanger, foss.)! Scotland! Belgium (V. BL), France! Italy (S:ta Fiora, foss.)! Bengal! New Zealand! Australia (Murray River, Australian Alps)! Japan! Congo (V. H. Coll.)! North America (Port Hope, Crane Pond, French Pond, Waltham Mass., Tllinois)!! sy Var. florentina Grun. (1877). — L. 0,1 to 0,13; B. 0,018 mm. ‘Central area dilated to a transverse -fascia. Strie 8 in 0,01 mm. — Nav.- (Esox var.?) florent. Groun. in Cl. M. D. Nio 44. A. 8. Atl XLIV f. 8. Nav. divergens var. undulata Hire. a. Purac. D. d’Auvergne p. 89 Pl. IV f. 2 (1893). Fresh water: Livorno (Atl.), S:ta Fiora! Var. ornata CL. — L..0,07; B. 0,012 mm. Central area a transverse fascia with a row of puncta. on each side of the central nodule. Strie 11 in 0,01 mm. Fresh water: Bengal! ¢ Ae Pinn. or Nav. Legumen Eux. seems to comprise several different species with. iiundulate margins, so that it is impossible to say what species. may be the true P. Legunien. I have adopted the opinion expressed’ in’ VAN: HEuRcks synopsis” P. Legwmen is most variable, the undulations of KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 27%. wo 3, 79 the margin being often very slight, in which case it is impossible to distinguish it from certain forms of P. divergens and P. stauroptera. 17. P. platycephala Eup. (1854). — V. linear, 5 to 6 times longer than broad, with broad, subcapitate ends and slightly undulate margins. L. 0,083 to 0,105; B. 0,017 to 0,018 mm. Median line filiform with terminal fissures in contrary directions. Axial area distinct, about 1/, of the breadth of the valve. Central area a more or less perfect fascia. Strie divergent in the middle, convergent at the ends, 12 in 0,01 mm. — Stawroptera platycephala Ens. M. G. XVII: 1 f. 9. Pinnul. platyc. Cu. Diat. of Finl. p. 20 Pl. II f. 1. Fresh water: Sweden: Rosslangen (Calmar lan)! Pjesérn Dept. (Skellefted)! Ojasjo Dept. (Blekinge)! Fin]. Suomenniemi Dept. (Viborgs lan)! Uurais socken (Vasa)! Pudasjarvi Dept. (Oster- botten)! Scotland (Grove), France: Lac Gerardmer (Vosges)! _ P. platycephala is an isolated species, which shews no close relation to any known form. It seems to come nearer to P. dirergens and P. legumen than to any other. 18. P. divergens W. Sm. (1853). — V. lanceolate, gradually attenuated to the obtuse or slightly capitate ends. L. 0,07 to 0,14; B. 0,015 to 0,02 mm. Median line filiform, with curved terminal fissures. Axial area narrow, distinct, widened in the middle to a transverse fascia. Strie 11 to 12 in 0,01 mm., strongly divergent in the middle, convergent at the ends. — Br. D. p. 57 Pl. XVIII f. 177. Nav. div. A. 8. Atl. XLIV f. 9. Wore D. of N. A. XTX f. 21. . Fresh water: Sweden (Lappland to Blekinge)! Norway (Stavanger)! Scotland (Premney Peat, W. Sm., Dolgelly earth W. Sm., Loch Kinnord!) Finland! Bengal! New Zealand! Sandwich Islands! N. America (Waterford, Maine)! S. America (Demerara River, Santos)! Var. cuneata Grun. (1876). — V. with cuneate, subacute ends. L. 0,075 to 0,1; B. 0,014 to 0,o2 mm. Central area a narrow fascia. Strie 11 in 0,01 mm. — A. 8S. Atl. XLIV f. 10, 11. Fresh water: Demerara River! Var. sublinearis CL. — V. elleptic-linear, gradually tapering from the middle to the obtuse ends. L. 0,08 to 0,10; B. 0,014 to 0,013 mm. Striw 12 in 0,01 mm. — A. S. Atl XLIV f. 20, 23, Nav. procera Pant. II p. 52 Pl. I f. 8 (1889)? Fresh water: New Zealand! America (Bemis Lake, White Mountains, Waterford, Maine; Rio Purus, Brazil)! Var. elliptica Grun. (1884). — V. broad, linear to elliptical, with rounded ends. L. 0,075 to 0,15; B. 0,015 to 0,o27 mm. Strie 8 to 11 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. div. var. ellipt. Grun. Fr. Jos. Land D. p. 98 Pl. If. 19. Nav. div. A. S. Atl XLIV f. 6—7. Nav. cardinalis var. africana Brun D. espéces nov. p. 33 Pl. XVI f. 9. Nav. viridis var. staurophora Pant. TIT Pl. VI f. 96 (1893)? Fresh water: Franz Jos. Land (Grun.), Norway (Tana Elf, Stavanger)! Sweden (Rosslingen in Kalmar lan, Ojasjé in Blekinge)! Finland! Scotland (Island of Lewis)! Australia (Blue Moun- tains)! Greenland! Monmouth (Atl.), Demerara River! S. W. Africa, Ombika (Brun Coll.)! Forma ornata Grun. — Central area with a semicircular row of dots on both sides of the central nodule. L. 0,12; B. 0,017 mm. Striz 10 in 0,01 mm. — Bengal! Var. Schweinfurtw A. 8. (1876). — L. 0,11 to 0,12; B. 0,o2 mm. Axial area more narrow. Median line oblique. Strie 11 in 0,01 mm. — Naw. Schweinfurti A. 8. Atl. XLIV f. 4, 5. Fresh water: Scriba Gattas (Atl1.). 7 ; 19. P. Cardinaliculus Cu. N. Sp. — V. linear, with parallel margins and rounded ends. L. 0,08 to 0,1; B. 0,015 to 0,018 mm. Median line filiform, with approximate central pores and short, bayonet-shaped terminal fissures. Axial area less than '/, as broad as the breadth of the valve in the middle widened to a transverse fascia. Strie 9 in 0,01 mm., almost parallel or slightly divergent in the middle and convergent at the ends. — Pl. I f. 12. Fresh water: Scotland: (Grove Coll.)! America (Canada, Crane Pond, French Pond, Houghton Mich., Mexico)! 80 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. 20. P, Hartleyana Grev. (1865). — V. linear, gibbous in the middle and at the ends. L. 0,2 to 0,23; B. 0,033 to 0,045 mm. Median line straight, filiform. Axial area linear, less than /, as broad as the valve, in the middle transversely dilated, frequently to a fascia. Striz 8 in 0,01 mm. divergent in the middle, convergent at the ends. — T. M.S. vol. XIII Pl. V1 f. 30. Fresh water: Liberia (Grev.), Demerara River! 21. P. episcopalis Cu. (1891). — V. linear, with parallel margins and broad rounded ends. L. 0,23 to 0,36; B. 0,035 to 0,04 mm. Median line filiform with comma-like terminal fissures. Axial area broad, about 1/, of the breadth of the valve, in the middle widened to a transverse fascia. Strie 8 in 0,01 mm., strongly divergent in the middle and convergent at the ends. — P. cardinalis Ens. M. G. XVIII: 1 f. 4. P. episcopalis Cu. D. of Finl. p. 27 Pl. I f. 4. Fresh water: Sweden (Lake Wenern, Lake Rosslangen in Kalmar lan, Ojasjé Dept. in Ble- kinge, interglacial mud from Hernésand)! Finland! Lac Gerardmer, Vosges! Cherryfield, America! Var. brevis Ct. — L. 0,18; B. 0,038 mm. Strize 6 in 0,01 mm. less radiate. Fresh water: New Zealand (Auckland, Witt Coll.)! Var. africana Cu. — V. smaller. L. 0,115; B. 0,018 mm. Axial area less than a third of the breadth of the valve. Strie 8 in 0,01 mm. Fresh water, mouth of rivers: Cameroon, Africa! P. episcopalis is a very large and beautiful diatom, nearly akin to P. divergens and to P. Hartleyana. IV. Distantes. Artificial key. 1 ees lanceolate. . ..... see eee PB. alpina W. 8m. more or less narrow, elliptical acts , a ee ee a oes Very small forms. L. about 0,01 mm. . .. . P. Balfouriana Groy. a ees 0,02 to 0,1 mm. and more. F ‘ Sema? oe ak OB: 3, 12 0,1 mm. and more ..... : ‘ . P. lata Bris. “| L. less than 0,1 mm. ie 4G oh tee Br Regs nt iale 4. 4. — 5 to 6 in 0,04 1 MM seis se ae a A ag ee Te ee P. borealis Exs. — 8 in 0,01 mm. ind ie P. intermedia Laast. 22. P. intermedia Laasr. (1873). — V. linear-elliptical, with rounded ends. L. 0,018 to 0,042; B. 0,06 to 0,08 mm. Axial area narrow; central a transverse fascia. Striz radiate at the ends, 8 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. int. Laast. Spetsb. D. 23 Pl. I f. 3. Fresh water: Spitsbergen (Lagst.), Beeren Hiland (Lagst.), Australia (Blue Mountains)! This form seems, according to Lagrrsrept, to graduate into P. borealis and P. Brébissonii. 23. P. Balfouriana Grun. Ms. — V. elliptical. L. 0,008 to 0,01; B. 0,001 mm. Area wide. Strize distant, 10 in 0,01 mm. — Pl. I f. 18. Fresh water: Scotland (Grun.), North Iceland! 24. P. borealis Eup. (1843). — V. linear-elliptical, with rourded or subtruncate ends. L. 0,03 to 0,06; B. 0,007 to 0,oos mm. Median line with approximate central pores and hook-shaped terminal fissures. Area narrow Strie parallel, 5 to 6 in 0,01 mm. — Am. Pl. I: 2 f. 6. Nav. bo- realis Kitz B. p. 96. Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 518. Lagest. Sp. D. Pl If. 4. A. S. Ath Pl. XLV f. 15—21. V. H. Syn. p. 76 Pl. VI f. 3, 4. Woxte Pl. IX f. 23. Pinnul. hebridensis Grea. M. J. 1854 p. 28 Pl. IV f. 13. Pinn. chilensis Rapu. Alg. Sachs. 885 (1859). On mosses, moist earth, in fresh water: Spitsbergen! Beeren Eiland (Lagst.), Greenland! Iceland! Sweden! Finland! Germany! England! Belgium (V. H.), Switzerland! Japan! S:t Pauls Island (Grun.), Sandwich Islands! Australia (Blue Mountains)! New Zealand! South Africa! Argentina! Ecuador! W. Ind. 8:t Vincent! KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 2/. w:o 3. 81 Var. scalaris En. (1843). -- Narrow, linear. Central area a broad transverse fascia. — Stauroptera scalaris Ens. Am. IV: 2 f. 3. Nav. borealis var. scalaris Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 518 Pl, LV 4. 15: Labrador (Ehb.). Pinn. borealis graduates by intermediate forms into P. lata. 25. P. lata Bris. (1838). — V. linear-elliptical, with broad, rounded ends. L. 0,1 to 0,13; B. 0,03 to 0,o4 mm. Median line oblique; central pores approximate, terminal fissures hook-shaped. Area large, slightly widened in the middle. Striz slightly radiate in the middle, 3 in 0,01 mm., transverse at the ends. — Frustulia lata Bris. Cons. p. 18. P. lata W. Sm. B. D. I pl. XVIII f. 167. Nav. lata Ki1z Bac. p. 92. Grun. Franz Jos. Land D. p. 98 Pl. If. 14. Nav. lata var. minor Hipp. a. Perac. D. d’Auvergne p. 86 Pl. IV f. 5. P. megaloptera Ens. M. G. III: 1 f. 4; IV: 2 f. 5 (1854). Abh. 1870 Pl. III f. 16. Nav. meg. Hiri. D. d’Auvergne p. 88 Pl. IV f. 6. P. pachyptera Eus. Am. p. 133 Pl. IV: 2 f. 9 (1843). Nav. pach. A. S. Atl. XLV f. 5, 8. Pant. III Pl. XX f. 302. Nav. costata Hiri. D. d’Auvergne p. 87 Pl. IV f. 7 (1893). Fresh water: Franz Josefs Land (Grun.), England! Scotland! Ireland! France (Normandy)! Switzerland! Australia (Murray River)! New Zealand! Hungary fossil. Var. Rabenhorstii Grun. (1860). — V. slightly constricted in the middle, with cuneate, truncate ends. L. 0,06; B. 0,015 mm. Striz parallel, 4 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. Thuringiaca Raza. Fl E. A. p. 205. Nav. Rabenhorstii Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 515, Pl. IV f. 18. Nav. borealis var. fossilis Pant. II Pl. V f. 73 (1898). Fresh water: Thiiringen (Rabh.). Var. latestriata Gree. (1854). — V. narrow-linear, with subcuneate extremities. L. 0,04 to 0,06; B. 0,012 mm. Strie 4 in 0,01 mm. — Pinn. latestr. Grea. M. J. II p. 98 Pl. IV f. 12. Nav. borealis var.? producta Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 518 Pl. IV f. 14. Fresh water: Mull Dept. Var. minor Grun. (1878). — L. 0,045; B. 0,013 mm. Area narrow. Strize 4—5 in 0,01 mm. — Grun. Cap. 8S. Alg. Pl. IV f. 22. Fr. Jos. L. D. p. 98 Pl. If. 16,17. Nav. lata V. H. S. p- 76 Pl. VI f. 1—2. Fresh water: Spitsbergen! Franz Jos. Land (Grun.), Cae Sea (Grun.). Var. curta Grun. (1884). — V. elliptical. — Grun. Fr. Jos. L. D. f. 15. Fresh water: Franz Jos. Land (Grun.). 26. P. alpina W. Sm. (1853). — V. elliptic-lanceolate, with rounded, obtuse ends. L. 0,1 to 0,18; B. 0,038 to 0,05 mm. Median line oblique; central nodule large; terminal fissures spirally twisted. Axial area wide (less than */, of the breadth of the valve) lanceolate. Striz radiate, 3,5 in 0,01 mm., transverse at the ends. — B. D. I p. 55 XVIII f. 168. Nav. alpina Donk. B. D. pei LY s 6. A. S. Atl. XLV f. 1 to 4. Fresh water (subalpine regions): Scotland! Ireland! Erzgebirge! Switzerland! V. Tabellaries. Artificial key. Central area with a linear mark on each side of the central nodule . 5 oe ae 2. = we — without — = = _ _ SS Me a nah ig So M8 3. Valve not undulate ..... se S See . . P. stomatophora Grun. 2 Pe slightly triundulate ...... 0. + ete ee .. .... P. Brandelit Cu. ghtly triundulate . Valve lanceolate, broad ‘ : Bt, adem ii Sey het ain ign ie a se oe B Ce linear, narrow. i O48 bot Swtleo@ngeege. arid BBL a 6. Large. L. 014 to0.15 mm. 2 2. 0 7 ee ee es . i eke Sidmanariie Ens. a yeaa L. 0,04 to 0,075 mm. . . . . Dee (ese lye Whee god 2D K. Sv. Vet. Akad. Handi. Band 27. N:o 3. 1 82 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. 5. oe Grin: Oi08 MMs) Se GAS OR eR ee Ia we ee ad _.. .. PB. Thorax Bron. dB ee ae eo a ee. GS eo ees are . P. lignitica Cu. 6. es narrow lanceolate .. . : ee ere ‘ . P. subsolaris Gron. linear . 1... ; ne Ale Che tea @% et thee Sass firha ds 7. 7. pase Ends subcapitate ..... ‘ St Py IR Sn i te wes 8. rounded. ... : : : a ae Ee ae, Be wee Sea 12. 8. ae area broad ent ‘ ; ie 8 . . . BP. stauroptera Grun. — narrow... ea hien dd Ee ee ee eee Ce ee 9. 9. i Valve large. L. 0,1 to 0,2 mm. . . aor lignes a Se. ye 210; . smaller. L. 0,05 to 0,08 mm. . Scag: eo Ga ae » 11. 10. eee Axial area very narrow .......... ae etal .... .P. luculenta A. 5. — '/, as broad as the valve . , . P. Tabellaria Ens. UW. Ca area small... oo ents : : . . P. gibba Eun. — large. . cee BS 2 .. . P. mesogongyla Ens. 12. aes parallel . Se Res atic «Rg : Ae ee ee? P. spitsbergensis Cu. radiate. . . : : aa by as ‘my yeh «Sera, aoe 13. oe 8 to 10 in 001 mm... ip hats Say ER hat ae egy Tak eo P. rangoonensis GRUN. — 12in _— = ; e.g e .. . P. bogotensis Grun. 27. P. spitsbergensis Ct. N. Sp. — V. linear, with parallel margins and rounded ends. L. 0,058 to 0,067; B. 0,007 to 0,oos mm. Median line filiform with somewhat distant, bayonet- shaped, terminal fissures. Axial area distinct, less than 1/, of the breadth of the valve, linear, slightly widened around the central nodule, or transversely dilated to a fascia. Strize 16 to 17 in 0,01 mm., almost parallel. — Pl. I f. 13. Fresh water: Spitsbergen (Cl. M. D. N:o 159), Jenissey! Var. stomatophora Cu. — Central area with a linear marking on each side of the central nodule. — Fresh water: Spitsbergen. 28. P. luculenta A. 8. (1876). — V. linear, slightly gibbous in the middle and at the ends. L. 0,1; B. 0,014 mm. Median line filiform, with approximate central pores, and bayonet-shaped terminal fissures. Axial area very narrow; central area small, orbicular. Striw 13 in 0,01 mm. strongly divergent in the middle and convergent at the ends. — Nav. luculenta A. 8S. Atl. XLIII f. 12. Fresh water: Bengal (Kyan-Zoo, Atl.). 29. P. gibba (Eus.?) W. Sm. (1853). — V. linear, gradually tapering from the middle to the subcapitate ends. L. 0,05 to 0,08; B. 0,007 to 0,oog mm. Median line filiform, with approxi- mate median pores and slightly curved terminal fissures. Axial area narrow, linear, slightly dilated in the middle. Strie 10 to 11 in 0,01 mm. slightly divergent in the middle and convergent at the ends, frequently interrupted in the middle. — Stawroptera gibba Eup. Am. I: 2 f. 3 (1848)? P. gibba W. Sm. B. D. I Pi. XIX f. 180. Nav. Proserpine Pant. IIT Pl. XVIII f. 260 (1898). Nav. appendiculata Panr. IIT Pl. IIT f. 46 (1893)? Fresh water: England (Cornwall)! Scotland (W. Sm.), Ireland (Mourne Mountains)! Austra- lia (Blue Mountains)! N. America (Waterford, Maine)! Brazil (Caldas)! 30. P. stauroptera Grun. (1860). — V. slender, gradually tapering from the middle to the subcapitate ends. L. 0,09 to 0,12; B. 0,012 to 0,013 mm. Median line filiform, with approxi- mate median pores and slightly curved terminal fissures. Area wide, about a third of the breadth of the valve. Strie 9,5 to 10 in 0,01 mm. strongly divergent in the middle and convergent at the ends. — Nav. stauroptera Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 516. Nav. gibba Donk. B. D. p. 70 Pl. XII f. 3. A. S. Atl XLV f 48 to 50. Nav. gibba var. hyalina Hiri. a. Peraa. D. d’Auvergne p. 92 Pl. IV f. 14. Fresh water: Iceland! Sweden! Norway (Stavanger, foss.)! Finland! Holstein! Australia (Murray River, Blue Mountains)! N. America (Canada, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Sierra Nevada)! Brazil! KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 21. N:0 3. 83 Var. semicruciata Cu. — Strie in the middle unilaterally interrupted. — Nav. gibba B Peckit Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 517 Pl. IV f. 17. Fresh water: Sweden (Ojasjé, Blekinge)! Norway (Stavanger Dept.)! America (Canada West., Waltham Mass., Caldas Brazil)! Var. interrupta Cu. — Strie interrupted on both sides of the central nodule. — Nav. Stau- roptera Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 516 Pl. IV f. 18 (£. gracilis) f. 19 (f. parva) Fr. Jos. Land D. Pl. I f. 18. A. 8. Atl XLIV f. 41. V. H. Syn. p. 77 Pl. VI f. 7, f. 6 (f. parva). Nav. Tabellaria V. H. Syn. f. 8. Nav. abaujensis Pant. II p. 41 Pl. III f. 54 (1889). Fresh water: Franz Josefs Land (Grun.), Sweden! Finland! Norway! Scotland! France (Lac Gerardmer Vosges)! New Zealand! Hawaii! Demerara! Surinam! North America (Waltham Mass., Troy, New Hampshire)! Ecuador! Var. sancta Gruy. Ms. — V. strongly gibbous in the middle. L. 0,11; B. 0,015 mm. Area very wide. Striz 10 to 11 in 0,01 mm. Fresh water: Santos, Brazil! Bengal! 31. P. rangoonensis Grun. Ms. — V. linear, with broad, rounded ends. L. 0,07 to 0,10; B. 0,012 to 0,014 mm. Median line filiform, with approximate central pores and comma-like, ter- minal fissures. Axial area distinct, but narrow, in the middle dilated to an elliptical space, or on one or both sides, to a transverse fascia. Striz 8 to 10 in 0,01 mm. divergent in the middle, con- vergent at the ends. — Stauroptera semicruciata Eup. M. G. XXXIII: 2 f. 7*? Fresh water: Rangoon! This form is scarcely specifically distinct from P. stauroptera. The same is also the case with Nav. Troyana Grun. (in Cl. and Méller Diat. N:o 275) and Nav. Férarmensis Grun. (Cl. and Moller Diat. N:o 140), which I am unable to distinguish from P. rangoonensis. The only diffe- rences between these forms and P. stauropteru consist in the shape of the valve and in the term- inal fissures, which are more curved in P. rangoonensis. I hav efound such forms from the following localities: Greenland, Sweden (Férarm, Smaland), Troy (New Hampshire), Demerara River, New Zealand, Blue Mountains (Australia). 32. P. Brandelii Ci. (1891). — V. linear gibbous in the middle and at the ends, often with tri-undulate margins. Ends broadly rounded, frequently subclavate. L. 0,07 to 0,08; B. 0,007 to 0,oo9 mm. Median line filiform, with semicircular terminal fissures. Area distinct, narrow, linear, in the middle widened to a broad transverse fascia, having a linear marking on each side of the central nodule. Striz 14 in 0,01 mm., divergent in the middle, convergent at the ends. — D. of Finl. p. 26 Pl. 1 f. 8, 9. Fresh water: Sweden (Almten in Kalmar lan)! Finland! France (Lac Gerardmer, Vosges)! 33. P. stomatophora Gruy. (1876). — V. linear-lanceolate, gradually tapering from the middle to the rounded ends. UL. 0,07 to 0,11; B. 0,09 to 0,011 mm. Median line with bayonet- shaped terminal fissures. Axial area narrow, linear, widened in the middle to a narrow trans- verse fascia, where is on each side of the central nodule a linear marking. Striz 12 to 13 in 0,01 mm., strongly divergent in the middle and convergent at the ends. — Nav. stomatophora Grun. in A. 8. Atl. XLIV f. 27 to 29. Fresh water: Iceland, Scotland (Island of Lewis)! Norway (Dovre, Atl.)! Sweden (Ross- langen in Kalmar lan)! Finland! Germany (Harz, Atl.), New Zealand! America (Canada, Crane Pond, French Pond)! Var. continua Cu. — L. 0,07 to 0,12; B. 0,009 to 0,014 mm. Strie 13 in 0,01 mm., not interrupted. Fresh water: Loch Kinnord, Scotland! Sweden (Lake Rosslangen in Kalmar lan)! 34. P. bogotensis Grun. (1876). — V. linear, with rounded ends. L. 0,1 to 0,11; B. 0,018 mm. Median line with approximate central pores and bayonet-shaped terminal fissures. Axial 84 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. area narrow, widened in the middle to a broad, transverse fascia. Strie 12 in 0,01 mm. strongly divergent in the middle and convergent at the ends. — Nav. bogotensis A. 8. Atl. XLIV f. 30 to 32. Fresh water: New Grenada (Atl.), French Pond, Maine (Atl.). 35. P. subsolaris Grun. (1882). —- V. linear-lanceolate, with obtuse ends. L. 0,065 to 0,07; B. 0,01 to 0,014 mm. Median line with bayonet-shaped terminal fissures. Axial area narrow, widened in the middle to a large suborbicular space. Strie 10 to 11 in 0,01 mm. strongly diver- gent in the middle and convergent at the ends. — Nav. decurrens? A. 8. Atl. XLV f. 29, 30. Nav. Legumen viz undulata V. H. Syn. Pl. VI f. 17. Nav. (deceurrens Eup. var.?) subsolaris Grun. Foss. D. Oster. Ung. p. 143. Nav. scythica Pant. III Pl. XXIII f. 335 (1893). Fresh water: Norway (Stavanger, foss.)! Scotland! Hungary (Dubravica Dept. Grun.), New Zealand! Canada! Dana’s Pond (Grun.), Demerara River! Var. brevistriata Grun. (1882). — Area broader. Striz less radiate. — Nav. subs. var. br. Foss. D. Osterr. Ung. p. 143 Pl. XXX f. 38. Fresh water: Hungary (Dubravica Dept. Grun.). Var. australiensis Cu. — L. 0,096; B. 0,012 mm. Striz 14 in 0,01 mm. Fresh water: Rieva Lagoons, Australian Alps! Var. linearis Cu. — V. linear, with parallel margins and broad, subtruncate ends. L. 0,12; B. 0,017 mm. Striz 10 in 0,01 mm. Fresh water: Finland (Lojo)! Rangoon! New Zealand! 36. P. Tabellaria Eup. (1843). — V. slender, gibbous in the middle and at the ends. L. 0,1 to 0,2; B. 0,015 to 0,o2 mm. Median line filiform, slightly oblique, with approximate central pores and bayonet-shaped terminal fissures. Axial area linear, less than !/, as broad as the valve, widened in the middle to an elliptical space. Striz 11 to 14 in 0,01 mm. strongly divergent in the middle, convergent at the ends. — Am. p. 134 Pl. II:1 f. 26. M.G. Ii:3 f 6. Nav Tab. A. §. Atl. XLII f. 4. Fresh water: N. America (Cherryfield, Waltham Mass., Bemis Lake, White Mountains, Crane Pond) 8. America, Brazil, Caldas! South Africa, Ombika (Brun Coll.)! 37. P. mesogongyla Eup. (1870). — V. linear, gibbous in the middle and gradually tape- ring to the subcapitate, broad ends. L. 0,06 to 0,08; B. 0,013 mm. Median line filiform, with somewhat approximate central pores and slightly curved terminal fissures. Area narrow, widened in the middle to an orbicular space. Striz 11 in 0,01 mm. strongly divergent in the middle and convergent at the ends. — Ber. 1870 II f. 16. Cu. D. of Finland p. 25 Pl. If.11. Nav. (without name) A. S. Atl. XLV f. 45. Nav. decurrens Cu. Vega XXXVI f. 20. Nav. gibba V. H. Syn. Suppl. A f. 12. Fresh water: Iceland! Scotland, Lock Canmor (Atl.), Finmark! Norway, Dovre! East Cape! Utah (Ehb.). Var. interrupta Cu. (1891). — L. 0,06; B. 0,01 mm. Striz 12 in 0,01 mm. interrupted by a broad, transverse fascia. — Cu. D. of Finland p. 26 Pl. I f. 10. Fresh water: Finland! P. mesogongyla of EHRENBERG comprises several different species, among which are P. no- bilis and P. major. As the forms figured in Ber. 1870 seems to be the same as ours, I have adopted EnrEnBere’s name. Grunow believes this form to be P. decurrens of Eurensere, but the latter is too insufficiently figured to admit of identification. P. decurrens seems to be a form of P. stauroptera. 38. P. Sillimanorum Eus. (1843). — V. lanceolate, with large, capitate ends. L. 0,14 to 0,15; B. 0,034 to 0,035 mm. Median line filiform with distant median pores and bayonet shaped terminal fissures. Axial area large, dilated around the central nodule, on both sides of which are some rugosities. Strizw 10 in 0,01 mm., strongly divergent in the middle, and there alternately KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 2¢. w:o 3. 85 longer and shorter, very convergent at the ends. — Am. p. 133. M. G. Il:2 f. 13. Nav. Sill. Luwis Proceed. Acad. Nat. Scienc. Philad. Pl. II f. 8. Waker a. Cuase N. a. R. D. Pl. IL p. 6 VL. 5b tf, 2 Fresh water: North America, Crane Pond! New Hampshire (Ehb.), Wolfboro (Lewis). 39. P. lignitica Cr. N. Sp. — V. lanceolate, with protracted, broad and rounded ends. L. 0,075; B. 0,019 mm. Terminal nodules hook-shaped. Axial area uniting with the central area in a lanceolate space. Striz 13 in 0,01 mm., slightly radiate, at the ends convergent. — PL. Et Op. Fresh water: Japan, lignite (Brun Coll.)! Nav. transylwanica Pant. (III Pl. I f. 7) and its var. producta (1. c. Pl. XXIII f. 345) may be akin to this species, if they do not represent a Caloneis allied to C. formosa, which I am unable to decide from the figures. 40. P. Thorax Brun (1891). — V. lanceolate, with more or less protracted, obtuse ends. L. 0,04 to 0 00655 B. 0,017 to 0,o2 mm. Terminal fissures small and indistinct. Axial and central areas uniting in a lanceolate space. Strie 6 in 0,01 mm., slightly radiate, convergent, and closer near the ends. — Nav. Thorax Brun D. espéces n. p. 41 Pl. XVI f. 6. Fresh water: Japan, lignite (Brun Coll.)! VI. Brevistriate. Artificial key. L gee of the valve undulate . . .. . RO Bh N. nodosa Exs. = HOb — grew s Bois pa ta F sosetae. aes 9, ~~ PUNCIALE acts aR See aka oe ay N. acrospheria Bris. SAE MOB, oes tid Maechade we raph Pee aca GRE, ee Bk Mele tates a a es 3. 3, as Ends: cuneate: 6 oe ea eee ee ew ee Ee eA Ee RS a ae 4. NOG SS apg ey ee aaa RO ah Oe ee a ae BB ae we ee 5. Median line straight... .... 2... ee. LL. oa vias cales septate A. S. 4. — a) HOXWOSED bk ok wt Se ode Reece ae ade Ged gS alae P. integra Grun. 5, wee lanceolate, tapering from the middle ................... 6. narrowed towards the ends .. 2... ee 7. 6. ye 100: TA sin O00 MM... ese a oS a ee ee a ee P. parva Exp. ee PTO O: Se Eigen tly Oe ie thse te BP Ai eden OIG .. . . BP. modesta Grun. 7. ‘ Striz: 8 to 10 in Qj01 mm, «2 ae so ee ee Rw Ree Re eRe ee SG 8. — Nato doe es Sk a a ee Ae ee Be ae P. paulensis Grouy. MG OPE GOOFS: MOMS he gee ae San Yow sh So OIE. See el Se oP a P. brevicostata Cu. B = Os05 to Osos mms 2 ge he a a ae a wy .. LP. hemiptera Kirz. 41. P. hemiptera Kitz (1844). — V. elliptic-linear to linear, narrowed towards the often subcuneate ends. I. 0,05 to 0,08; B. 0,012 to 0,013 mm. Axial area generally wide, more or less lanceolate. Terminal fissures semicircular. Striz 8 to 10 in 0,01 mm. slightly radiate or almost parallel. — Nav. hem. Kitz Bac. p. 97 Pl XXX f. 11. A. 8. Atl. XLII f. 28, XLV f. 9. P. acuminata W. Sm. B. D. XVIII f. 164. Nav. instabilis A. 8. Atl. XLII f. 35 to 40. Nav. de- bilis Pant. II p. 44 Pl. XII f. 214 (1889). Nav. hybrida Hiri. a. Prac. D. d’Auvergne p. 85 Pl. IV f. 9 (1893). Nav. hybrida var. Bielawski Hints. a. Parag. |. c. p. 85 Pl. IV f. 10. Fresh water: Sweden (Lapland to Skane)! Finland (Russian Lapland to Abo)! Norway! Iceland! Great Britain (Premnay Peat, Loch Kinnord)! Italy (S:ta Fiora Dept.)! Hongkong (Atl.), New Zealand! Australia (Blue Mountains)! America (Waltham Mass., Crane Pond, Demerara River, Brazil, Trinidad)! Var. interrupta Cu. — Strie uni- or bilaterally interrupted in the middle by a trans- verse fascia. Fresh water; Japan, lignite (Brun Coll.)! 86 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. This species is of very frequent occurence and very variable, especially as to the breadth of the axial area, which sometimes becomes very broad as in the form named by A. 8. Nav. instabilis. 42. P. paulensis Grux. Ms. — V. linear, slightly narrowed to the obtuse, rounded ends. L. 0,065 to 0,14; B. 0,011 to 0,014 mm. Median line filiform, with approximate central pores and slightly curved, elongate, terminal fissures. Axial area wide, about a third of the breadth of the valve, linear. Stria 14 to 15 in 0,01 mm., almost transverse to the ends. — A. S. Atl. XLIII f. 7, 8, 9 (without name). Icon. n. Pl. I f. 20. Fresh water: America (Greenland, White Mountains, Cherryfield, Monmouth, Ducks Pond, Maine, Sierra Nevada, Demerara River, Brazil, Caldas, S:n Paolo)! 43. P. brevicostata Cu. (1891). — V. linear, with parallel margins and broad, rounded ends. GL. 0,1 to 0,12; B, 0,016 mm. Median line almost filiform. Terminal fissures comma-like. Area very broad, irregularly lanceolate. Strive 8 to 9 in 0,01 mm. parallel throughout. — Nav. hemiptera A. S. Atl. XLIII f. 26, 27. Pinn. brevicostata Cu. D. of Finl. p. 25 Pl. I f. 5. Fresh water: Sweden (Rosslingen in Kalmar lan)! Finland! Bengal! Var. leptostauron Cu. (1891). — L. 0,075 to 0,01; B. 0,013 mm. Striz 10 in 0,01 mm., inter- rupted in the middle. A. 8. Atl. XLIII f. 25 (without name). — D. of Finl. p. 25. Fresh water: Sweden (Stensele Lappmark, Rosslangen in Kalmar lan, Ojasjé in Blekinge)! Finland (Tavastland)! Scotland (Ordie Dept.)! Germany (Laacher See, Atl.), France (Lac de Ge- rardmer, Vosges)! Var. Demerare Cu. — V. linear, attenuated towards the subcuneate ends. L. 0,07; B. 0,01 mm. Area about a third as broad as the valve. Central area a transverse fascia. Strize 10 in 0,v1 mm. Fresh water: Demerara River! 44. P. acrospheria Brés. (1838). — V. linear, more or less gibbous in the middle and at the ends. L. 0,032 to 0,18; B. 0,008 to 0o2 mm. Median line filiform, its central pores approxi- mate and its terminal fissures semicircular. Axial area about a third as broad as the valve, finely punctate. Strie 9 to 14 in 0,01 mm. parallel, or slightly radiate at the ends. Forma maxima. —- L. 0,15 to 0,18; B. 0,o2 mm. Strie 9 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. acrosph. var. sandvicensis A. S. Atl. XLIII f. 14, 15. Fresh water: Java (eatable earth)! New Zealand! Sandwich Islands (Atl.). Forma genuina — L. 0,1; B. 0,012 mm. Strie 10 to 12 in 0,01 mm. — Frustulia acrospheria Brés. Considér. p. 19. Nav. acrosph. Kitz Bac. p. 97 Pl. V f. 2. Donk. Br. D. p. 72 Pl. XII f. 2. W. Sm. B. D. XIX f. 183. A. 8. Atl. XLITI f. 16 (22?). Fresh water: Sweden (Rosslingen in Kalmar lan)! Finland (Savolaks)! Scotland (Atl.), Bengal! Illinois! Brazil (Caldas)! Ecuador! Forma minor. — UL. 0,035 to 0,07; B. 0,008 to 0,01 mm. Strie 13 to 14 in 0,01 mm. — A. 8. Atl XLIII f. 23. Fresh water: Bengal! Australia (Blue Mountains)! Pensacola (Atl.), Califcrnia! Var. turgidula Grun. Ms. — V. strongly gibbous in the middle. L. 0,048 to 0,07; B, 0,012 mm. Striz 12 in 0,01 mm. Fresh water: Waltham Mass.! Var. undulata Cu. ~- V. with three slight inflations. L. 0,11; B. 0,012 mm. Strize 12 in 0,01 mm. Fresh water: Sweden (Lake Rosslingen in Kalmar lan)! Var. levis Cu. — L. 0,088; B. 0,017 mm. Area smooth. Striew 8 to 12 in 0,01 mm. — A. 8. Atl. XLIII f. 18. Fresh water: New Zealand! Australia (Blue Mountains)! 45. P. singularis A. S. (1876). — V. gibbous in the middle, with cuneate and capitate ends. L. 0,106; B. 0,019 mm. Median line straight, with approximate central pores and comma- KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 27%. wo 3. 87 like terminal fissures. Area very broad, linear, slightly widened in the middle. Strie 8 in 0,01 mm. — A. S. Atl. XLIII f. 20. Fresh water: Celebes (Atl.). 46. P. integra Grun. Ms. — V. linear, with parallel margins, or slightly gibbous in the middle. Ends cuneate, often subcapitate. L. 0,11 to 0,12; B. 0,016 to 0,017 mm. Median line flexuose, with approximate central pores and small, semicircular, terminal fissures. Area broad, linear, gently dilated in the middle. Striz 7 in 0,01 mm., almost parallel, not interrupted. — A. 8. Atl. XLII f. 1y. Fresh water: America (Crane Pond, Waltham Mass.)! French Pond (Atl.). The median line is bordered on each side by a silicious rib. 47. P. nodosa Ens. (1838). — V. more or less distinctly triundulate, with capitate to rostrate ends. . 0,055 to 0,075; B. 0,009 to 0,o12 mm. Median line filiform, with approximate median pores and semicircular terminal fissures. Axial area wider than a third of the breadth of the valve. Strive 8 to 10 in 0,01 mm. parallel, more or less convergent at the ends, interrupted or not. Forma genuina. -- Ends rostrate. Striz 8 to 9 in 0,01 mm. parallel throughout, uni- or bilaterally interrupted. — Nav. nodosa Eup. Inf. p. 179 Pl. XIII f. 9? M. G. XVII: 2 f. 12, 13. Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 521, Pl. IV f. 21. N. (Pinn.) nodosa Gree. M. J. 1856 Pl. 1 f. 5. A. S. Atl. XLV f. 56 to 58. Fresh water: Scotland (Greg.)! France (Lac Gerardmer, Vosges)! America (Canada, French Pond, Albany)! Forma capitata. — Ends capitate. Area often punctate. Strie# 10 to 11 in 0,01 mm., con- vergent at the ends. — Pinnularia isocephala Eup. M. G. V: 3 f. 21? P. monile Ens. M. G. XVII: 1 f. 12? Fresh water: Sweden (Lake Rosslingen in Kalmar lan)! America (Houghton, Michigan)! Var. Formica Eup. (1843). — V. triundulate, with strongly inflated middle and capitate ends. L. 0,08 to 0,09; B. 0,014 mm. Striz 9 in 0.01 mm., interrupted in the middle, convergent at the ends. — Nav. Formica Ens. Am. p. 130. M.G.IV: 3 f. 8. Pinnul. polyonca Lewis Proc. Ac. N. Sc. Philad. 1861 p. 67 Pl. I f. 7. Nav. peripunctata Brun. D. Esp. n. p. 37 Pl. XVI f. 11, 1891. Fresh water: N. America (Waltham, Mass.! N. Jersey to Savannah, Lewis). 48. P. parva (Ens. 1843?) Grue. (1854). — V. linear, gradually tapering from the middle to the obtuse or capitate ends. L. 0,04 to 0,07; B. 0,007 to 0,013 mm. Median line filiform with approximate central pores and semicircular terminal fissures. Axial area broad, lanceolate. Strize 9 to 10 in 0,01 mm., almost parallel, convergent at the ends, frequently uni- or bilaterally inter, rupted. — Stauroptera parva Hus. Am. III: 1, f. 19? P. parva Gree. M. J. I Pl. IV f. 11. Nav. parvula Raurs Pritch. Inf. p. 908 (1861). Grun. Foss. D. Ost. Ung. p. 143 Pl. XXX f. 387. Nav, gibba var. brevistriata V. H. Syn. p. 78 Pl. VIf.5. A.S. Atl. XLITI f. 21. Nav. gibba forma. curta Burtscu Rabh. Alg. Sachsens N:o 951 (1860). Nav. biglobosa Scuum. P. D. II Nacht. f. 48? Nav. curtestriata Pant. TII Pl. XII f. 188 (1893). Nav. (peregrina var.?) curtestr. Panr. II p. 44 Pl. IT f. 19 (1889). aa Fresh water: Sweden! Finland! Scotland (Greg.), Holstein! Dresden! Hungary, foss. Grun., Java! Australian Alps! New Zealand! North America (Crane Pond, Illinois)! Argentina! Var. Lagerstedtii Cur. — L. 0,025 to 0,033; B. 0,005 to 0,oo8 mm. Strie 8,5 to 10 in 0,01 mm. -- Nav. parvula Laest. Spitsb. D. p. 26 Pl. II f. 4 1873. Fresh water: Beeren Eiland, Spitsbergen (Lagst.). Var. Nove Zealandie Cu. — L 0,032; B. 0,008 mm. Striz 12 in 0,oi mm. interrupted on both sides of the central nodule. Fresh water: New Zealand (Rotomahana)! 49. P. modesta Grun. (1882). - V_ linear-lanceolate with obtuse ends. L. 0,035; B. 0,007 mm. Median iine with approximate central pores. Area broad, lanceolate. Striz 21 to 22 in 88 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. 0,01 mm. parallel, convergent at the ends. — Nav. modesta Grun. Foss. D. Oster. Ung. p. 143 Pl. XXX f. 39. Fresh water: Hungary, foss. Grun., Ecuador (Riobamba)! VII. Majores. Artificial key. Terminal fissures in contrary directions . ie eh : woe. oe sf a Bh a ae — the same — Pode, a eg 3. 9. | Enis broad, zeuniea wh hetem tbs heady gg “ch . e-s Aakihouseet shes & P. Miewavia A. S. = subcapitate..¢. 2846 ke80 4 ea see a 4 hexe [S' Sieh P. Flammula A. 8. Strie parallel or slightly radiate... . oo yee se Ba Se - eae a are P 3. ee TACUAGC 2. Say ee sh hae ee ice We Gea Ge re RE OB eae dy Be 5. 4 7s BEOA Ces rac Pay ety oe Be GE Bo eae OD ea he, ae? cal Mp Poe aa ALA “WE ea P. macilenta Exp. 22. NATTOW 2 ne de ela Sale Atak dels .. « « BP. secernenda A. 8. 5. oe across the strie broad... . 1... 2... eee Ka. Sek Bie ss 6. : — narrow or indistinct ..... Bo ode Goats ve Elliptic-lanceolate . 2. 2... 2.0. Selle cod dare Be ... . P. Dactylus Ens. aes with broad, rounded ends ........... . .. P. latevittata Cu. 7, i very narrow ..... hh: ea td Bs ate. tho ee OS: moderately broad... ........ gare Se He Se Pe oe 9: 8. aes slightly radiate . ...... Bast lt Sir So ese. es PB; conspicua A. S. strongly (SS Sew ie hee eee es Eee ela A de Bae hye oe P. oregonica Cu. 9, one with uudulate margins. ......... eRe Eh. ese dee Teh A P. Ksox Ens. Margins not undulate ......... CIP. Be BB ap eS a, A -B 10. 10. le trianpular oe. RG en, ee age Bee Me P. trigonocephala Cu. — rounded or subcuneate .. 2... 1.6... 2p wee . . . PB. major Kirz. 50. P. macilenta (Hus. 1843) Cu. — V. linear, with broadly obtuse ends. L. 0,11 to 0,15; B. 0,017 to 0,02 mm. Median line broad, oblique, not complex; its central pores approximate and the terminal fissures comma-like. Axial area wide, less than a third of the breadth of the valve, linear, scarcely widened in the middle. Stria parallel, 8 to 9 in 0,01 mm. crossed by a narrow band. — Eup. Am. 21 f. 23? M.G. If. 7; I:3 f. 138. Cu. Diat. of Finland p. 24 Pl. I f. 27. Fresh water: Sweden (Lake Wenern, Lake Rosslangen in Kalmar lan)! Finland (Nyland, Pudasjirvi)! Hungary (Bory, fossil)! America (Pine spring, Hermico Co, Va, Deby Coll.)! 51. P. secernenda A. S. (1876). — V. linear, with broadly rounded subcapitate ends and slightly gibbous middle. L. 0,17; B. 0,021 mm. Median line oblique with approximate céntral pores. Axial area narrow, not dilated around the central nodule. Striz 7 to 8 in 0,01 mm. almost parallel. — Nav. sec. A. S. Atl. XLIIT f. 13. Fresh water: Laconia U. 8. A. (Atl.). 52. P. trigonocephala Cu. N. Sp. — V. linear, gibbous in the middle and at the broadly cuneate, subcapitate ends. L. 0,17 to 0,2; B. 0,026 mm. Median line narrow, its central pores approximate. Terminal fissures comma-shaped. Axial area narrow, linear, slightly dilated in the middle. Striz 7 in 0,01 mm. slightly divergent in the middle and convergent at the ends. Bands not visible. —- Pl. I f. 21. ; Fresh water: America (Waltham Mass., Hudson River, Deby Coll., Big Lake S. Calif. Deby Coll.)! 53. P. conspicua A. S. (1876). — V. linear, gibbous in the middle and at the ends. L. 0,11 to 0,13; B. 0,018 to 0,019 mm. Median line filiform, with approximate central pores and semi- circular terminal fissures. Area very narrow, slightly dilated around the central nodule. Striz 11 in 0,01 mm. slightly divergent in the middle, elsewhere almost parallel. — Nav conspicua A. 8. Atl. XLITI f. 10, 11. Fresh water: Demerara River! KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 27. wn:o 3. 89 54. P. Flamma A. 8. (1876). — V. linear, with broadly rounded ends. L. 0,14 to 0,15; B. 0,025 to 0,02 mm. Axial area very narrow, central orbicular. Striz subparallel, flexuose, in the middle radiate, 7 to 9 in 0,01 mm., crossed by a broad band. — Nav. Flamma A. S. Atl. XLII f. 27, 28. Fresh water: Demerara River! 55. P. Flammula A. 8. (1876). — V. linear, with somewhat dilated and capitate ends. L. 0,1; B. 0,015 mm. Axial area narrow, central orbicular. Strie radiate, 9 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. Flammula A. 8. Atl. XLII f. 26. Fresh water: Demerara River! Seems to be only a smaller form of the preceding. 56. P. oregonica Ci. N. Sp. — V. linear, slightly triundulate, with cuneate, subacute ends. L. 0,113; B. 0,015 mm. Median line filiform with approximate median pores, and semicircular terminal fissures. Axial area very narrow, widened in the middle to a rhomboid-lanceolate central area. Strie 11 in 0,01 mm. divergent in the middle, convergent at the ends. — A. 8. Atl. XLIITf. 34. Fresh water: Oregon, fossil! 57. P. major Kirz (1833). — V. slender, linear, gibbous in the middle, and at the rounded ends. L. 0,2 to 0,3; B. 0,03 mm. Median line not complex, oblique; terminal fissures comma- shaped. Area linear somewhat less than a third of the breadth of the valve, scarcely widened in the middle, convergent at the ends, crossed by a narrow band. — Frustulia major Ktirz Syn. p. 19 f. 25? Nav. maj. Kitz Bac. p. 97 Pl. IV f. 19, 21. Donx. B. D. p. 69 Pl. XI f. 2. V. H. Syn. p- 73 Pl. V f. 3,4. A. 8. Atl XLIT f. 8. Fresh water (usually larger lakes): Sweden (Lapland to Skane)! Finland (Russian Lap- land to Nyland)! Novaja Zemla! France! Switzerland (Lac Leman)! Japan! New Zealand! America (Canada, Albany, Michigan, Washington Territory)! Var. linearis Cu. — V. linear, not gibbous in the middle, or ends. Area narrower. Strize 7 in 0,01 mm. — Pinn. maj. W. Sm. B. D. XVIII f. 162. Nav. maj. var. andesitica Pant. III Pl. VIT f. 113 (1893). Fresh water: Sweden (Lake Rosslingen)! Norway (Stavanger, foss.)! England Sm. Finland (Pudasjarvi, foss.)! Holstein! Germany! Africa (Congo, V. H. Coll.)! America (Monticello New York, Waltham Mass., Demerara)! Var. heroina A. 8. (1876). — V. gibbous in the middle and at the subcuneate ends. L. 0,26; B. 0,035 mm. Median line broad, oblique. Area narrow. Strie 8 in 0,01 mm. slightly divergent in the middle, and convergent at the ends. Bands indistinct. — Nav. heroina Atl. XLIII f. 2. Fresh water: Demerara River! Var. asymmetrica Cu. — V. linear, with broad, obtuse ends. L. 0,14 to 0,26; B. 0,02 to 0,03 mm. Median line asymmetrical, the two halves of it meeting each other in an obtuse angle. — Hs Us ey Fresh water: America (Eralton Lake Canada, Waltham Mass., Crane Pond, Montgomery Alabama)! Var. subacuta Eup. (1854). — V. linear, with parallel margins and cuneate ends Area narrow. Strie 7 to 7,5 in 0,01 mm. — Pinnul. subacuta Eup. M. G. XXXV A6f. 12. — A.S. Atl. XLII f. 30 to 32. Fresh water: Demerara River! Caldas, Brazil! Var. turgidula CL. — V. strongly gibbous in the middle and at the ends. L. 0,17 to 0,28; B. 0,034 to 0,o4 mm. Strize 7 to 8 in 0,01 mm. Fresh water: America (Monticello, Troy, Sierra Nevada)! This form is very similar to P. latevittata var. Domingensis, from which it differs only by a narrower band across the strie. K. Sv. Vet. Akad. Handl. Band 27. N:o 3. 12 90 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. Var. transversa A. 8. (1876). — V. very slender. L. 0,17 to 0,22; B. 0,o2 mm. Median line very broad and oblique. Striz 9 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. transversa A. 8. Atl. XLIII f. 5 to 6. Fresh water: Finland (Sodankyla)! America (Monticello)! Australia (South Yarra)! 58. P. Esox Ens. (1843). — V. triundulate, with obtuse ends. L. 0,08 to 0,145; B. 0,012 to 0,022 mm. Median line not complex, narrow. Terminal fissures comma-like. Area linear, narrow, less than 1/, of the breadth of the valve. Strie 8 to 10 in 0,01 mm., divergent in the middle, convergent at the ends, crossed by a narrow band. — Am. I: 2 f. 4? Scuum. Pr. D. I Pl. IX f. 36? Ox. Diat. of Finl. p. 24 Pl. I f. 3. Hiri. D. d’Auvergne p. 82 Pl. IV f. 4. Fresh water: Sweden (Almten in Kalmar lan)! Finland (Sodankyla)! Greenland! Puy de Déme, fossil (Hérib.), America (Maine, Brun Coll.)! 59. P. latevittata Cu. N. Sp. — V. linear, with broad, rounded ends. L. 0,18; B. 0,033 mm. Median line not complex, oblique; terminal fissures comma-shaped. Axial area broad, less than 1/, of the breadth of the valve, widened in the middle. Strie 6 in 0,01 mm., divergent in the middle, convergent at the ends, crossed by a very broad band. — A. 8. Atl. XLII f. 5. Fresh water: Puerto Monte, Chile, foss.! Ecuador! Var. Domingensis Cu. — V. slender, gibbous in the middle and at the ends. L. 0,15 to 0,36; B. 0,022 to 0,04 mm. Strie 6 to 8 in 0,01 mm. — A. S. Atl. XLIII f. 3. Cu. Diatomiste IT Pl. VII f. 3. Fresh water: North America (Cherryfield, Atl.), West Indies, Jamaica and St. Vincent (Grove Coll.)! San Domingo (Witt Coll.)! Ecuador! 60. P. Dactylus Eup. (1843). — V. subelliptic-linear, with rounded, obtuse ends. L. 0,17 to 0,32; B. 0,03 to 0,o5 mm. Median line gently undulate, not complex. Central nodule large, excentric; terminal fissures comma-shaped. Axial area moderately wide, about '/, as broad as the valve, irregularly linear-lanceolate. Strie 4,5 to 5 in 0,01 mm., crossed by a broad band. — Am. p. 1382 Pl. IV:1 f. 3. P. Gigas Ens. Am. p. 133, Il: 3 f. 1. Navicula Dactylus A. 8. Atl. XLIT f. 3, 4, 6. Nav. Dac. forma maxima V. H. Syn. Pl. V f. 1. Nav. Gigas A. 8. Atl. XLIT f. 1. Fresh water: Sweden (Lapland to Halland)! Norway! Finland! Scotland (Premnay Peat)! France (Lac Gerardmer Vosges)! America (common: most diatomaceous earths)! Var. horrida Hiri. a. Prerae. (1893). — L. 0,16; B. 0,025 mm. Area with irregularly scattered spines. Strie 7 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. maj. var. horr. Hiri. a. Parag. D. d’Auvergne p. 83 Pl. IV f. 3. Fresh water: Puy de Déme (fossil). Var. Demerare Cu. — Linear, with subcuneate ends. L. 0,14; B. 0,034 mm. Strie 5,5 in 0,01 mm. — A. 8. Atl. XLIII f. 29. Fresh water: South America (Demerara River)! Var. Dariana A. 8. (1876). — V. lanceolate, with obtuse ends. L. 0,18 to 0,21; B. 0,041 0,045 mm. Median line oblique, not complex, with comma-shaped terminal fissures. Axial area broad, less than 1/,; of the breadth of the valve, widened in the middle. Striz 7 to 8 in 0,02 mm., divergent in the middle, convergent at the ends, crossed by a broad band. — Nav. Dariana A. S. Atl. XLII f. 24, 25. Fresh water: America, Crane Pond! Schasta Co. Calif.! Neuse River (Atl.), Darien (Atl). VIII. Complexe. Artificial key. 1 Central area a transverse fascia. . . stg a at bs , : ged ; my ad «te - GOR , —_ — not — SSSA) eB (ake ae OPE. ete Nate eee ar Gi dae So 4, KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 2¢. w:0 3. 91 2. ae large. L. 0,15 to0,2 mm... ......... : . P. cardinalis Ens. small L. 0,08 toQ,12 mm. ..... ©. ..... He. g Oe es 3. 3. yeas 7 to 7,5 in 001 mm..........2.. got .. . P. estuarii Cu. — 9 to 12 — see hn Ge AO) ae i ahs Soh sachs « Iecdee Sah as Fane MB as P. isostauron Gron. 4 eae gibbous in the middle and at the ends . ; : : od Be Bs <@ Ds — not — _— _ — ae . 6. Stria 4,5 to 5 in 0,01 mm. te ee pre-e . P. nobilis Exp. b. { . — 7in 0,01 mm. .. ... .. . .P. gentilis Donx. 6. hie parallel or slightly saaiale: eee A A a Oy ge 7. strongly radiate... . PM ke nt Shanda oe acan Te P. distenqusena Cu. 1, os with parallel margins . . bes eh Bethe aad ia P. streptoraphe Cu. — convex _— pase eee) tk RO pia Nyy ese ow ee Bi 8. Pg ge, MMs gets | Cat dae ees \Gsh: auger gis lar P. flexuosa Cu. — 6,5 (to 15) in 001mm ....... +... ......4. P. viridis Nrvzscu. 61. P. viridis Nrrzscu (1817). — V. slipdelliicas with parallel margins, attenuated to- wards the rounded ends. L. 0,14 to 0,17; B. 0,02 to 0,024 mm. Median line complex; terminal fissures comma-shaped. Axial area linear, narrow, about '/; of the breadth of the valve, slightly widened around the central nodule. Strie 6,5 to 7,5 in 0,01 mm. slightly divergent in the middle and convergent at the ends, else almost parallel, crossed by a distinct band, about }/, of the length of the striae. — Bacillaria viridis Nrrzscu Pl. IV f. 1 to 3. Pinnul. viridis Eup. Inf. p. 182. Nav. viridis Kirz Bac. p. 97 Pl. XXX f. 12. A. S. Atl. XLIJ f. 11 to 14, 19, 21, 22, 23. V. H. Syn. p. 73 Pl. V f. 5. Pinnul. medioconstricta Rasy. A. Sachsens N:o 952 (1860). Nav. Gutvinskii Panv. III Pl. XIV f. 217 (1893)? Fresh water: Sweden (Lapland to Skane)! Norway! Finland (Russian Lapland to Ladoga)! Belgium (V. H.), Germany (Franzenbad Dept.)! Hungary (Dubravica Dept. Grun.), Italy (Livorno, Atl.), Australia (Talbot River, Victoria)! New Zealand! America (Illinois, California, Ecuador, Brazil)! Var. intermedia Cu. (1891). -- V. linear. L. 0,075 to 0,11; B. 0,014 to 0,015 mm. Area about 1/, of the breadth of the valve. Strize 8 to 9 in 0,01 mm. divergent in the middle, conver- gent at the ends, crossed by a narrow band. — Nav. major A. 8. A. Atl. XLII f. 9, 10. Pinn. virid. var. int. Cu. D. of Finl. p. 22. Nav. viridis Pant. III Pl. VII f. 119 (1898)? Fresh water: Sweden (Lapland, Smaland)! Finland! Scotland (Atl.), Congo (V. H. Coll.)! Java! Australia (Blue Mountains)! Var. commutata Grun. (1876). — V. linear. L. 0,05 to 0,09; B. 0,01 mm. Area narrow, widened in the middle. Striew 10 to 12 in 0,01 mm. divergent in the middle, convergent at the ends. Bands indistinct. — Pinnul. viridis W. Sm. XVIII f. 163 a’. Nav. commutata Gron. A. 8. Atl. XLV f. 35 to 37. Pinn. Heufleri Prptctno Ischia Pl. II f. 17 (1867). Pinn. sudetica Huse Rab. A. Eur. N:o 1023 (1861). Nav. decumana Pant. III Pl. XXXV f. 499 (1893)? Fresh water: Sweden (Upsala, Rosslangen in Smaland)! Finland (Russian Lapland to La- doga)! England Sm., Scotland (Lock Canmor Atl), Germany (Harz, Atl.), France (Lac Gerardmer, Vosges)! Tasmania! America (Canada, Waltham Mass., S:ta Rosa Calif., Sierra Nevada, Rio Purus Brazil)! ‘Similar to Pinn. vir. var. commutata is Pinn. oblongo-linearis Kostowsky (Materialy 1888 p. 23 Pl. XVII f. 5) but this form has wider strie, about 6 in 0,01 mm. Var. leptogongyla (Eus.?) Grun. (1876). — V. linear with parallel margins, or slightly gibbous in the middle. Ends rounded. L. 0,08; B. 0,01 mm. Area narrow, strongly dilated in the middle to a rhomboid-orbicular space. Median line filiform. Terminal fissures semicircular. Striz 10 in 0,01 mm., divergent in the middle, convergent at the ends. — Nav. leptogongyla Grun. in A. 8. Atl XLV f. 26 to 28. Nav. Tabellaria Donk. B. D. p. 70 Pl. XII f. 4? Slightly brackish water: Eger, Franzenbad foss.! Var. fallaz Cu. — L. 0,045 to 0,095; B. 0,009 to 0,016 mm. Area very narrow. Striz 10 to 12 in 0,01 mm., almost parallel, frequently uni- or bilaterally interrupted. — Pinnul. viridis 8 W. Sm. 92 Pp. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. Br. D. XVIII f. 163 8. Nav. semicruciata A. 8. Atl. XLIV f. 48? XLIII f. 24. Nav. viridis var. commtate VHS. p. 73 Pl: Vv £. 6. A. S. Ath. XLV £. 10, 11. Fresh water: Sweden (Lapland to Smaland)! Belgium (V. H.), Germany (Harz Atl.. Eis- leben Atl.), Australia (Waltham Mass., Monticello, Sierra Famatina Argent., Rio Purus Brazil)! According to Van Hzurcx’s Syn. the valves of the same frustule are dissimilar, the strize being in one uninterrupted and in the other unilaterally interrupted. This variety, confounded with the preceding, is distinguished by its almost parallel strie. Var. semicruciuta Grun. (1882). — V. large. Striz unilaterally interrupted. — Nav. viridis var. semicruciata Grun. Foss. D. Oster. Ung. p. 148. Fresh water: Hungary, foss. (Grun.). Var. rupestris Hantzscu (1861). — L. 0,04 to 0,065; B. 0,007 to 0,012 mm. Area very narrow. Strie 13 to 15 in 0,01 mm. divergent in the middle, convergent at the ends. — Pinnul. rup. Hantzscu Rab. Alg. E. N:o 1203. Nav. rup. A. 8. Atl. XLV f. 38 to 44. Fresh water: Sweden (Top of the mountain Areskutan! Vernamo, foss., Atl.), Norway! Finland! Denmark (Ringkidbing, Atl.), Holstein! Iceland! Scotland (Braemar, Edinburgh, Loch Canmor, Atl.), Saxony! America (Cherryfield)! Martinique! Var. dispar Scuum. (1862). — Area unilateral. L. 0,05 to 0,06 mm. Striz 7 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. dis. Scuum. P. D. 1 Nachtr. p. 189 f. 50. Fresh water: Konigsberg, foss. (Schum.). , 62. P. distinguenda Cx. (1891). — V. linear to elliptic-linear, with rounded ends. L. 0,10 to 0,18; B. 0,02 to 0,026 mm. Median line distinctly complex; central nodule large, excentric; terminal fissures comma-like. Axial area broad, about '/, of the breadth of the valve, irregularly linear-lanceolate, unilaterally widened in the middle. Striz 7 in 0,01 mm., strongly divergent in the middle and convergent at the ends, crossed by indistinct bands. — Nav. viridis Kttz Bac. IV f. 18. Pinnul. viridis W. Sm. f. 163 a. Pinnul. viridis var. distinguenda Cu. I). of Finl. p. 22 Pl. I f. 1. Nav. Hyrilit Pant. IIT Pl. XVIT f. 257 (1893)? Nav. viridis var. fossilis Pant. HI Pl. XII f. 193 (1893). Nav. puripinnata Panr. IIT Pl. XVIII f. 263 (1893)? Brackish or fresh water: Sweden (Carlshamn and Sédertelge Depts.)! Finland! Hungary (Bory Dept.)! Kamtschatka! Africa (Congo V. H. Coll.)! Australia (South Yarra, Tasmania)! New Zealand! America (Houghton foss., Michigan Shasta Co. and S:ta Rosa Cal., Washington Territory, Sierra Famatina, Argent.)! 63. P. gentilis Donx. (1873). —- V. linear, with parallel margins and broadly rounded ends. L. 0,14 to 0,25; B. 0,022 to 0,036 mm. Median line slightly complex, with somewhat approximate central pores and comma-shaped terminal fissures. Axial area narrow, less than !/, of the breadth of the valve. Striz 7 in 0,01 mm., divergent in the middle, convergent at the ends, crossed by a moderately broad, not very distinct, band. — Nav. gentilis Donx. Br. D. p. 69 Pl. XII f.1. A.S. Atl. XLII f. 2. Fresh water: Sweden (Lapland to Upland)! Finland! England (Donk., Atl.), Schlesien (Gronowitz foss.)! United States (Salem Mass., Waltham Mass.)! 64. P. nobilis Eup. (1840). — V. linear, slightly gibbous in the middle and at the broadly rounded ends. L. 0,25 to 0,35; B. 0,034 to 0,05 mm. Median line complex, with somewhat approxi- mate central pores and comma-shaped terminal fissures. Axial area linear, less than '/,; of the breadth of the valve, slightly widened around the central nodule. Strie 4,5 to 5 in 0,01 mm. divergent in the middle, convergent at the ends, crossed by a distinct band, 1/; as broad as the length of the strie. — Ber. 1840 p. 214. W. Sm. Br. D. XVIII f. 161. P. mesogongyla Eup. p. p. M. G. VI:i f. 5. Nav. nobilis Kira Bac. p. 98 Pl. IV f. 24. Donx. Br. D. p. 68 Pl. XI f. 1. V. H. Syn. p. 73 Pl. V f. 2. A. S. Atl. XLII f. 1. KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 27. w:o 3. 93 Fresh water: Sweden (Lapland to Smaland)! Norway (Stavanger Dept.)! Finland! Eng- land! Scotland! Ireland! France! Switzerland (Br.), Italy (Livorno, foss.)! America (Salem and Boxford Mass., Big Lake Cal. Montgommery Ala., Washington Terr. all foss.)! Var. neogena Grun. (1882). — L. 0,215; B. 0,032 to 0,036 mm. Area broader. Stria 5 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. nob. var. neog. Grun, Foss. Diat. Oster. Ung. p. 143 Pl. XXX f. 41. Pant. III Pl. IX f. 159. Fresh water: Dubravica, Hungary, foss. (Grun.). Var. fossilis Pant. (1889). -—- L. 0,12 to 0,21; B. 0,018 to 0,033 mm. Strie 6,5 to 8 in 0,01 mm. — Panr. IT p. 51. Fresh water?: Bory Hungary (Pant.). 65. P. flexuosa Ci. N. Sp. — V. linear to elliptic-linear, with rounded ends. L. 0,22 to 0,27; B. 0,04 to 0,048 mm. Median line complex. Central nodule large, excentric; terminal fissures comma-shaped. Axial area broad, somewhat less than !/, of the breadth of the valve, not, or very slightly, widened in the middle. Striz 4,5 to 5 in 0,01 mm., slightly divergent in the middle and convergent at the ends, crossed by broad, distinct bands. — Pl. I f. 23. Fresh water: Canada (Eralton Lake)! United State (Cherryfield, Crane Pond)! This form is nearly akin to P. nobilis, but closely resembles P. Dactylus, from which species it differs principally by. its complex median line. 66. P. streptoraphe Cx. (1891). — V. linear with ‘parallel margins and broad, rounded ex- tremities. L. 0,18 to 0,26; B. 0,03 mm. Median line strongly complex; terminal fissures comma- shaped. Axial area moderately narrow, less than 1/, of the valve, not widened in the middle. Striw almost parallel, 5 in 0,01 mm., crossed by a broad and distinct band. — Naw. sp. A.S. Atl. XLII f. 7. Nav. viridis var. sublinearis Grun. Franz Jos. L. D. p. 98 PLIf. 22. Pin. streptoraphe Cu. Diat. of Finl. p. 23. Fresh water: Franz Jos. Land (Grun.), Sweden (common in most diatomaceous earths from Lapland to Smaland)! Finland! England (Premnay Peat, Loch Leven)! France (Lac de Grandlieu Loire infér.)! N. America (common in most diatomaceous earths, for inst. Nova Scotia, New York, Massachusetts, California)! Var. styliformis Grun. (1884). — L. 0,116; B. 0,o125 mm. Striz 7 in 0,01 mm. Area narrow. — Eup. M. G. XXXVIIL 17 f. 6? Nav. viridis var. stylif. Grun. Franz Jos. L. D. p. 98 Pl. I f. 21. Fresh water: Franz Josefs Land (Grun.). Var. minor Cu. (1891). — L. 0,085 to 0,1; B. 0,015 to 0,016 mm. Area distinct. Strie slightly radiate, 6,5 in 0,01 mm., interrupted on one or both sides of the central nodule. — Nav. viridis A. S. Atl. XLII f. 20. Pinnul. viridis var. minor Cu. Diat. of Finl. p. 22 Pl. I f. 2. Fresh water: Sweden (Rosslingen Smal., Ebbetorp Dept. Smal.)! Finland! 67. P. isostauron (Euv. 1843?) Grun. (1880). — V. linear, with parallel margins and rounded ends. L. 0,03 to 0,07; B. 0,oos. Median line flexuose, axial area narrow, widened around the central nodule to a transverse fascia. Strie parallel 9 to 12 in 0,01 mm. — Stauroptera iso- stauron Ens. Am. p. 135 f. 1. M. G. XVI:1 f. 7? Naw. viridis var. icostauron Grun. A. D. p. 27 Pl. I £. 14. Nav. icostauron var. conifera Brun a. Hare. D. d'Auvergne p. 91 Pl. Il f. 2. Fresh water: Greenland! Iceland! Kara Sea (Grun.), Sweden (Férarm in Asnen, Upsala)! Finland! Puy du Déme (fossil), Colorado (Brun Coll.)! Stauroptera isostauron of Emrenpere is very doubtful and may perhaps denote some forms of Pinn. divergens, scarcely the species of Grunow, which is closely related to P. Acstuari Ct. P. isostauron may perhaps more properly be placed in the group Gracilliime. 68. P. Aestuarii Ct. N. Sp. — V. linear, with parallel margins and rounded ends. L. 0,10 to 0,12; B. 0,o16 mm. Median line flexuose; terminal fissures semicircular. Axial area moderately 94 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. broad, linear. Central area a transverse fascia, reaching to the margin. Strie parallel, 7 to 7,5 0,0. mm. — Pl. I f. 16. Slightly brackish water: Sweden (postglacial deposit of Ebbetorp in Kalmar Lin)! Mouth in of Delaware! Connecticut! 69. P. cardinalis Eup. (1840). — V. linear, with broad, rounded ends. L. 0,15 to 0,2; B. 0,03 to 0,035 mm. Median line distinctly complex, central pores approximate, terminal fissures comma-shaped, small. Axial area wide; central area a broad transverse fascia, reaching to the margin. Strie 5 in 0,01 mm., slightly divergent in the middle and convergent at the ends, crossed by a broad band. — Stauwroptera cardinalis Eun. Berl. Abh. 1840 p. 213 (accord. to Chase). Pinnul. cardinalis W. Sm. Br. D. I Pl. XIX f. 166. Nav. cardinalis A. S. Atl. XLIV f.1,2. V.H. Syn. p. 74 Suppl. Pl. A f. 5. . Fresh water: Sweden (Lapland to Smaland foss.)! Finland! Ireland, Scotland (Loch Leven, Ordie Deposit), Belgium (V. H.), Italy (Livorno, Atl.), Switzerland (Brun). IX. Marine. Artificial key. 1 Sati cr ae 5. se Iniiey ah Good ny tase oe de ue RR Symmetrical. . 2... 00000 bia , : ee nds 4 ha 9. pas strongly radiate . . ie Det: JBL ob BA es #E Stauntonii Grun. — slightly — ho Rete A oe way de ... .P. ambigua var. Digitus A. 8. 3. oe area broad . 0 7 ww we (Bee EA aah aS rec ee 4. — narrow or indistinct . : BS Mia phan: 62 tie tev ae eee 5. 4 ee narrow Me lash ci acd Bi oe ‘ P. ambigua Cu. broad. . e Sd : fo chads . P. Temperet Bron. 5. ape nodule stauroid oye P. bistriata Levp. Forrm. — not— ..... whe ig tehee ak ate ae este : 6. . f Central area large, orbicular . . BAS: paivisy ty ae eke 7 i ws hs 6. ee — a transverse fascia ..... ho oR BR de eel 10. 7. este crossed by a blank band. .... . 3 go eA 8. — not —-- — —_ : aati gas 9. 3. J Valve linear... 1... ; . P. Trevelyana Donk. \ — lanceolate... ....... ‘ P. Grenlandica Cu. 9. ee 3to4in0o1mm........... Bde at . P. excellens Cu. — 8tol0 — — ... bce gees lee. 8 ‘ . P. rectangulata Grue. Valve biconstricted. 2 2 2 ee ee ln P. Claviculus Gre. 10. {= constricted in the middle =......... Se et 11. not or slightly constricted in the middle . ; : oer toe 12, Th i 0,1 mm, . meth. tomer sete der 9 ag a Pp. lobatn GRovE a. Srurr. L. about 0035 mm. «1... Sf eae ee . P. constricta Ou. Axial area indistinct. ..... Bo Sn esse apt iackes -detche, ies Meare enue se 13. 12. Vo — narrow...... ze Te) pttn cee aGhle 8 Alla a idee 14. 13. oe parallel oie Sl th tte ee en ahel, Jana a dy iB P. quadratarea A. S. — radiate in the middle, convergent at the ane ee P. cruciformis Donx. va pa 12 in O;00 Mins en Ge te eee Se Bo oe ae P. cruciata Cu. TSsto 20S eae es i Bs Hayes adh IRR oh 2h 8 F P. floridana Cu. 70. P. ambigua Cu. N. Sp. — V. linear, with rounded ends. L. 0,033 to 0,0783 B. 0,007 to 0,oo8 mm. Central nodule small, terminal nodules small, approximate to the margin. Area broad, linear, not widened in the middle. Striz short, parallel, 8 to 9 in 0,01 mm., with capitate terminations. — Nav. retusa Grun. A. D. p. 38 (1880). Cx. Vega p. 470 Pl. XXXVI f. 35. Marine: Lysekil (Bohuslain, Sweden, Grun.), Oldenburg (Gran. ), Cape Wankarema! The frustule is according to Grunow, in the zone-view more or less constricted in the middle and more or less broad. The connecting zone has numerous punctate longitudinal divisions KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 27. wn:o 3. 95 Nav. retusa Brie. seems to be a form, akin to Nav. cancellata, and therefore entirely dif- ferent from this species, which I have, with much hesitation, placed in Pinnularia. Var. (Amphora) Digitus A. S. (1875). — V. asymmetrical. L. 0,05 to 0,1; B. 0,007 to 0,012 mm. Axial area asymmetrical, a little broader on the dorsal side. Striw 8 in 0,01 mm., not dis- tinctly punctate. Frustule rectangular. Connecting zone with several faint Jongitudinal divisions, which are finely transversely lineate; lineole 24 in 0,01 mm. — Amphora Digitus A. S. Atl. XXVI f. 30. Cu. and Grove Diatomiste I p. 67 Pl. X f. 11 to 13. Marine: North Sea! Guernsey (Grove Coll.)! Balearic Islands! Macassar Straits! China! 71. P. bistriata Leup. Forrm. (1879). — V. linear, with rounded ends. IL. 0,055 to 0,065; B. 0,009 mm. Central nodule transversely dilated. Axial area narrow; central area a broad, trans- verse fascia. Strize 10 in 0,01 mm. radiate in the middle, transverse or convergent at the ends. — Stauroneis bistriata Leup. Fortm. D. Ceylon Pl. IX f. 89. Marine: Mediterranean Sea (Barcelona)! Ceylon (Leud. Fortm.). Labuan! I have seen only two valves of this characteristic form and I have placed it in Pinnularia with great hesitation. 72. P. quadratarea A. S. (1874). — V. narrow, linear, with parallel margins and broad rounded extremities. L. 0,01 to 0,09; B. 0,011 mm. Median line with small terminal fissures. Axial area indistinct or very narrow; central area a broad fascia. Strie parallel, 8 to 10 in 0,01 mm. -— Nav. Pinnularia Cu. (1868) Sv. N. D. p. 224 Pl IV f. 1, 2. Nav. quadrat. A. 8. N.S. D. p. 90 Pl. 1E f. 96. Marine: Arctic Seas (Arctic America, Spitsbergen, Finmark, Novaja Zembla, Cape Wanka- rema)! North Sea (Bohuslain, Sweden)! Mediterr. (Balearic Islands)! Australia Sydney! This species was first described by me as Nav. Pinnularia, and later by A. Scumipt as Nav. quadratarea, but as my specific name would be inadmissible I have given preference to the name of A. Scumipt. It is a very variable species, of which a great number of forms has been described as distinct species, but as they are closely connected I have united them. The chief distinction consists in the outline and the number of striz. Closely connected with some of the varieties (Var. fluminensis etc.) are P. floridana Cu. and P. cruciata. On the other hand the var. Théelii approaches to P. cruciformis Donx. The varieties may be arranged in the following series. A. Forms with linear, not constricted valves. Var. baltica Grun. (1880). — B. 0,008. Striz 9 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. Pinn. var. balt. Grown. A. D. p. 27. Brackish water: Baltic (Grun.). Var. Seychellensis Grun. (1880). — V. short, linear, with rounded ends. B. 0,011 mm. Strie 12 in 0,01 mm. — Naw. Pinn. var. Seych. Grun. A. D. p. 28. Marine: Seychelles (Grun.). Var. Séderlundii Cu. (1880). — V. linear, with rounded ends. L. 0,036 to 0,045; B. 0,006 to 0,007 mm. Striz 13 to 16 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. Pinn. var. Séderl. Cu. A. D. p. 28. Marine: Davis Strait! Balearic Islands! Tahiti! Var. Tahitensis Gun. (1880). — V. linear, with subcuneate ends. B. 0,oo9 mm. Strize 13 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. Pinn. var. Tah. Grun. A. D. p. 28. Marine: Tahiti (Grun.). Var. interrupta Cu. (1883). — V. linear, with subcuneate ends. L. 0,08; B. 0,02 mm. Strie 9 in 0,01 mm., crossed by irregular, longitudinal, blank bands. — Nav. Pinn. var. interr. Cu. Vega p. 463 Pl. XXXVI f. 21. Marine: Cape Wankarema! 96 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. Var. asymmetrica Cx. (1883). —- V. linear, with subcuneate ends. L. 0,08; B. 0,018 mm. Axial area narrow, unilateral. Striz 8 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. Pinn. var. asym. Cu. Vega p. 463. Marine: Cape Wankarema! Var. subproducta Grun. (1880). — V. linear, with somewhat rostrate ends. B. 0,01 mm. Striz 12 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. Pinn. var. subp. Grun. A. D. p. 28. Brackish water: Baltic (Grun.). Var. amphiglottis Grun. (1884). — V. linear, with protracted ends. L. 0,115 mm. — Nav. Stuxbergti var. amphigl. Grun. Franz Josefs Land D. p. 104. Brackish water: North Siberia (Grun.). B. Forms with subelliptical to sublanceolate valves. Var. Stuxbergii Cu. (1880). — V. lanceolate, with broad, rounded or subcuneate ends. L. 0,o59 to 0,1; B. O,o16 to 0,017 mm. Striz 10 to 12 in 0,01 mm. (finely punctate according to Grunow). — Nav. Stuxbergii Cu. A. D. p. 13 Pl. I f. 15. Marine: Sea of Kara! Cape Wankarema! Var. leptostawron Grun. (1884). — V. elliptic-linear. L. 0,04 to 0,057; B. 0,012 to 0,013 mm. Central fascia with three indistinct striw. Strie 11 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. Stuxbergii var. leptost. Grun. F. Jos. Land D. p. 103 Pl. I f. 82. Marine: Franz Josefs Land (Grun.). Var. subcontinua Grun. (1884). — V. elliptic. L. 0,04; B. U,o14 mm. Central fascia with one or two indistinct strie. — Nav. Stuxbergii var. subc. Grun. Fr. Jos. Land D. p. 103 Pl. I f. 33. Marine: Franz Josefs Land (Grun.). Var. Theelit Cu. (1880). — V. lanceolate, with rostrate, obtuse ends. IL. 0,055; B. 0,017 mm. Striz slightly radiate, 10 to 12 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. Theelii Cu. A. D. p. 13 Pl I f. 22. Marine: Kara! Cape Deschneff. C. Forms constricted in the middle. Var. fluminensis Grun. (1860). — V. linear, slightly constricted in the middle, with broad, rounded extremities. L. 0,047; B. 0,008 mm. Striz 11 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. fluminensis Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 520 Pl. TIT f. 7. A. D. p. 28. Marine: Kara! Adria (Grun.), Ceylon! Seychelles! Var. kerguelensis Grun. (1880). — V. linear, constricted in the middle. L. 0,057; B. 0,009 (middle) to 0,012 (end) mm. Striz 8,5 to 10 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. fluminensis var. kerg. GRUN. A. D. p. 28. Marine: Kerguelens Land! Var. minor Grun. (1880). — L. 0,032; B. 0,005 (middle) to 0,006 (end) mm. Strie 15 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. flumin. var. minor Grun. A. D. p. 28 Pl. I f. 12. Marine: Finmark! Var. Léczyi Pant. (1889). — V. linear, slightly constricted in the middle, with cuneate ends. L. 0,081; B. 0,007 (middle) to 0,0145 (ends) mm. Strie 17,5 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. Léczyi Pant. IT p. 50 Pl. VI f. 114. Marine: Bremia Dept. Hungary (Pantoczek). I have not seen original specimens and am therefore uncertain whether this form really belongs to P. quadratarea or whether it is a Caloneis. 73. P. Claviculus Gree. (1857). — V. linear, with two constrictions, dividing the valve into three segments, of which the median one is the smallest. L. 0,038 to 0,048; B. in the middle 0,006, at the ends 0,007 mm. Median line with approximate central pores and distant terminal pores. Axial area indistinct; central area a broad, transverse fascia. Strie parallel, 12 to 13 in KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 27. wo 3. 97 0,01 mm., radiate at the ends. — Nav. Clavic. Gruc. D. of Clyde p. 478 Pl. IX f. 5. A. S.N. 8. D. Pl. II f. 28. Pane. IL Pl. VI f. 110. Marine: North Sea (Coasts of Scotland Greg.) Sweden! Balearic Islands! Bremia, foss. Hungary (Pant.). Var. javanica Cu. — L. 0,04; B. 0,009 mm. Striz 18 in 0,01 mm. parallel — Pl. If. 24. Marine: Java! 74. P. eruciformis Donk. (1861). — V. linear, often slightly inflated in the middle, with broad, rounded ends. L. 0,03 to 0,12; B. 0,01 to 0,014 mm. Median line with rather approximate central pores, and hook-shaped, large terminal fissures. Axial area indistinct, central area a broad fascia, dilated outwards and reaching to the margin. Strie 10—12 in 0,01 mm. radiate in the middle, convergent at the ends, crossed by a faint longitudinal depression. — Nav. cruc. Donx. MH... (QS) Tp. 10 Fe BB Dp 6 PX 4 ACS. NS, DPE Tf os. ‘V. E. Syn. p. 74 Suppl. A f. 8. Marine: Finmark! North Sea (coasts of Sweden, England and Belgium)! Baltic (Trave- miinde Dannf.), West Indies! Cape Horn! Seychelles! Var. brevior Cu. (1883). — L. 0,035; B. 0,009 mm. Striz 14 in 0,01 mm. — Cu. Vega p. 464 Pl. XXXV f. 18. Marine: Cape Deschneff! Var. upolensis Grun. (1880). — L. 0,058; B. 0,01 mm. Striz 14 in 0,01 mm., slightly ra- diate. — Grun. A. D. p. 28. Var. Seychellensis Grun. (GruN. 1880). — V. lanceolate, with broad, rounded ends. L. 0,043; B. 0,01 mm. Striz 10 to 12 in 0,01 mm., strongly radiate. — l. e¢. Nav. elata Lxup. Fort. (D. de Ceylon p. 27 Pl. III f. 28, 1879) seems to belong either to P. cruciformis or to Achnanthes inflata Grun. 75. BP. eruciata Cu. (1881). — V. linear. slightly constricted in the middle. L. 0,087; B. 0,017 (in the middle 0,014) mm. Median line with small terminal fissures, and approximate central pores. Axial area narrow; central a broad fascia, narrowed outwards. Striz 12 in 0,01 mm. pa- rallel. — Nav. cruc. CL. N. R. D. p. 6 PL If. 11. Marine: Greenland (?) 76. P. floridana Cr. (1881). — V. slightly constricted in the middle. L. 0,045 to 0,075; B. 0,01 to 0,012 (ends), 0,008 to 0,009 (middle) mm. Axial area narrow, distinct; central area a broad, transverse fascia. Striz almost parallel, 15 (middle) to 20 (ends) in 0,01 mm. — Naw. flu- minensis var. floridana Cu. N. R. D. p. 6 Pl. I f. 10. Marine: Pensacola (Florida)! 77. P. excellens Cx. (1890). — V. linear, slender, slightly constricted in the middle, with cuneate ends. IL. 0,3; B. 0,03 (middle) to 0,043 (ends). Median line with approximate central pores and small, curved terminal fissures. Axial area narrow, linear, slightly widened in the middle, where on each side of the central nodule is a linear marking. Striz almost parallel, 3 in 0,01 mm., slightly radiate at the ends. — Cu. Diatomiste I p. 31 Pl. V f. 6. Marine: Oamaru Dept., New Zealand (Tempére). Var. interrupta Cu. (1890). — L. 0,21; B. 0,022 to 0,o29 mm. Striz 4 in 0,01 mm. Central area a broad, transverse fascia, reaching to the margin. — Cu. l. ¢. p. 31. Marine: Oamaru Dept., New Zealand (Deby Coll.)! 78. BP. lobata Grove a. Stunt (1887). — V. panduriform, with subelliptical segments. L. 0,09 to 0,12; B. 0,025 to 0,03; at the constr. 0,015 mm. Median line with approximate central pores and small terminal fissures. Axial area narrow, linear; central area a broad fascia reaching to the K. Sv. Vet. Akademiens Handlingar. Bd 27. N:o 3. 13 98 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. margin and with a linear marking on each side of the central nodule. Striz 4 in 0,01 mm., slightly divergent in the middle and at the ends. — Nav. lobata Grove a. Sturt J. Q. M. Cl. (2) TI p. 133 Pl. X f. 12. Nav. spathifera Grove a. Sturt A. 8. Atl. CLXXIV f. 23. Marine: Oamaru Dept., New Zealand! San Pedro Dept. (Kinker Coll.)! 79. P. constricta Cr. N. Sp. — V. small, constricted in the middle, with apiculate ends. L. 0,035; B. 0,01 mm. (at the constr. 0,005 mm.). Terminal fissures small. Axial area narrow; central a transverse, broad fascia. Strize 8 to 9 in 0,01 mm., parallel. — Pl. I f. 14. Marine: Galapagos Islands! 80. P. Temperei Brun (1889). — V. broad, with parallel or slightly concave margins, and cuneate, obtuse ends. L. 0,14 to 0,15; B. 0,045 to 0,055 mm. Median line with distant central pores and small, hook-shaped, terminal fissures, bordered on each side by lines, divergent towards the middle of the valve. Area wide, lanceolate, dilated around the central nodule. Striz 7 to 8 in 0,01 mm. in the middle radiate, and sometimes alternately longer and shorter, parallel at the ends. — Nav. Temperet Brun Diat. du Japon p. 45 Pl. V f. 1. — A. S. Atl. CLXXIV f. 24. Marine: Sendai Dept. Japan! 81. P. Trevelyana Donk. (1861). — V. linear, slightly gibbous in the middle and at the broad, rounded ends. J. 0,1 to 0,15; B. 0,02 to 0,025 mm. Median line excentric towards the ends and somewhat flexuose, bordered on each side by a longitudinal line. Terminal fissures large, hook-shaped. Axial area narrow, linear. Central area large, orbicular. Striz strongly radiate in the middle and convergent at the ends, 10 in 0,01 mm., crossed by a narrow depression. — Nav. Trev. Donk. M. J. I (N. S.) p. 8 Pl. If. 2. Br. D. p. 66 Pl. Xf. 6. V. H. Syn. p. 74 Suppl. A f. 5, 6. Pinn. T. Rabh. E. A. p. 210. Marine: North Sea (Coasts of Sweden, England, Scotland, Belgium)! Florida (Pensacola)! Japan! Var. angusta Cu. — V. linear. L. 0,1 to 0,16; B. 0,01 to 0,015 mm. Striz 9 to 10 in 0,01 mm. — Nav. Trev. var. hungarica Pant. III Pl. XLIT f. 575 (1893)? Marine: Gulf of Naples! Sumatra (Deby Coll.)! Galapagos Islands! Bermudas (Rae Coll.)! Stauroneis Brébissonii Caster. (Chall. Voy. p. 24 Pl. XV f. 4) appears to be akin to P. T’re- velyana. 82. P. groenlandica Cx. (1881). — V. lanceolate, with rounded ends. L. 0,117; B. 0,023 mm. Median line central, angularly bent towards the central nodule. Terminal fissures hook- shaped. Axial area narrow, linear; central area large, orbicular. Striz strongly radiate in the middle, convergent towards the ends, 6 to 7,5 in 0,01 mm., crossed by a narrow lateral area. — Nav. groenl. Cu. N. R. D. p. 7 PL I f. 18. Marine: Davis Strait! 83. P. rectangulata Gree. (1857). — V. linear, frequently slightly gibbous in the middle and at the ends. L. 0,065 to 0,1; B. 0,015 to 0,o2 mm. Median line central, with strong, hook- shaped terminal fissures. Axial area indistinct; central area large, rounded-quadrate. Strize strongly radiate in the middle, convergent at the ends, 8 to 10 in 0,01 mm. — Naw. rect. Grue. D. of Clyde p. 479 Pl. IX f. 7. Donk. B. D. p. 66 Pl. X f. 5. V. H. Syn. p. 74 Suppl. A f. 7. Nav. Regula Grun. in Cl. D. West Ind. p. 5 Pl. I f. 3. Nav. lumen Puraa. Villefr. p. 45 Pl. II f. 19. Pinnul. rect. Rasy. E. A. p. 215. Marine: North Sea (Coasts of Sweden, Scotland, England, Belgium)! Mediterranean (Perag.), Labuan! West Indies! Campeachy Bay (Grun.). Forma subundulata Grun. (1882). — V. with slightly undulate margins. — Cu. M. D. N:o 301. Marine: Firth of Tay! 84. P. Stauntonii Gruvy. (1882).'— V. asymmetrical, linear, convex, slightly gibbous in the middle, with broad, rounded ends. L. 0,053; B. 0,01 mm. Median line excentric, with hook-shaped KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND. 2¢. w:o 3. 99 terminal fissures. Axial area indistinct; central area a broad fascia, widened towards the margins. Strie strongly radiate in the middle, convergent at the ends, 9 to 10 in 0,01 mm. Zonal view of the frustule rectangular with strongly divergent strie. — Alloioneis Stauntonii Grun. Cl..M. D. 304. Foss. D. Ost. Ung. p. 142 Pl. XXX f. 36. Amphora naviculacea Donk. M. J. 1861 p. 11 PL tt. 1g? Marine, estuaries: Scotland! Amphora Eup. (1840). The first known species of Amphora is A. ovalis, described as Navicula Amphora by EuREN- BERG 1831. The genus Amphora was established by the same author 1840 (Ber. p. 11). In the »Bacillarien» Ktrzine 1844 described 18 species only, but this number was greatly increased by Gregory (Diat. of Clyde 1857), who named 32 new species and first made the distinction between forms with complex and not complex connecting zone. Several other authors have since added new species and in the year 1873 Professor H. L. Suir published (Lens p. 65) a synopsis of all the known forms. By the issue of the plates XXV to XXVIII (1875) and XXXIX, XL (1876) of A. Scumipt’s Atlas the number of species was greatly increased. Since then new species have been added, and in the Syloge of De Tonr (1891) the number amounts to 221. An inspection of these species shews that it is impossible to give any diagnosis of the genus Amphora, which is sufficient to distinguish it from Cymbella. The following seems to be the only possible diagnosis of Cymbella and Amphora together: Naviculoid diatoms, with both valves similar and asymmetrical along the longitudinal axis. The distinction between Amphora and Cymbella is, so far I can see, no other than the degree of asymmetry; the ventral and dorsal side of Cymbella being in the same plane, but in Amphora in planes crossing each other in an angle, which is variable. Amphora and Cymbella are only asymmetrical forms of Navicule, belonging to different types. There are in the same species gradual passages from perfectly symmetrical to asymme- trical amphora-like forms (as in Trachyneis aspera). In several groups of Navicula more or less asymmetrical forms occur (for instance Pinnularia Stauntonii and others, formerly named Alloionets) so closely connected with the symmetrical that it would be unnatural to separate them. The asymmetrical form is not a sufficient characteristic for a natural family, but is merely a facies, which may occur in groups of very different types and seem to depend on the method of growth, Amphore occuring attached to algee and other objects. This genus is in short to be considered, as well as Achnanthes and Cocconeis, as degenerated forms. To trace the origin of these forms is in most cases difficult, as the intermediate passages are lost or unknown, but we may get some ap- proximate knowledge of the original types by the study of the structure of the valve and by comparing it with that of different types of Navicula. The Cymbelle appear, to a great extent, to be asymmetrical forms of the section Navicule lineolate, and the same may be the case with the still imperfectly known Amphora labuensis. Amphora Clevei is no doubt nearly akin to the genus Trachyneis. Amphora elegans Prrag. is with great probability allied to the section Navicule orthostiche. As to the other large number of Amphore, they may be classed in forms with and with- out longitudinal lines. Those with lines are probably asymmetrical forms of Diploneis or allied genera. There are in some species of this section forms with a structure so closely re- sembling that of Diploneis that the idea of their connection presents itself at once to the mind, notwithstanding the different shape of the valves. In the large Amphora nodosa we have a form with coarse, transverse coste, alternating with rows of ocelli, as in Diploneis Beyrichiana, D. lesi- 100 p. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. nensis and D. prisca. In others, as in Amphora egregia, we meet with transverse coste, alternating with double rows of puncta or alveoli, exactly as in Diploneis gemmata, and many others. The space ,between the longitudinal and median lines correspond to the furrows of Diploneis. The ventral side of the valve, which has been more modified than the dorsal side, retains still in many cases a longitudinal crest, although all other structure has disappeared. In some forms the longi- tudinal line of the dorsal side fades away, and there is left of it only a blank space, as in forms of Amphora ovalis; in others no trace of it is perceptible, although other characteristics remain marking the affinity with forms which possess distinct longitudinal lines. The forms with longi- tudinal lines on the dorsal side may be classed in two groups, viz. with complex, and not complex, connecting zone. I propose for the former the name Diplamphora, founded on their supposed re- lation to Diploneis, and for the latter I reserve the name Amphora, sensu strictiori. There is another group of forms, which have a longitudinal crest not on the dorsal, but on the ventral side. These forms, which I include in the group Calamphora, are of doubful rela- tionship. Akin to Calamphora is a group of forms with a row of coste on the ventral side but without the longitudinal crest. All of these, known at present, are fossil, and I propose for them the name Archiamphora. A large group of Amphora is of the type of A. coffeiformis or A. salina. They are without longitudinal lines, but have a complex zone, protracted, and frequently, capitate ends. Their striz are more or less distinctly punctate. I include these forms in the group Halamphora, but am unable to trace their connection with any of the divisions of Navicula. Another group of Amphora, characterized by a complex zone, absence of longitudinal lines, and distinctly punctate strie, constitutes the the group Oxyamphora. There can scarcely be any doubt that this group of forms, many of which have a stauros, is akin to the Microstigmatice among the Navicule, particularly the subdivision Stauronets. The same may be the case with the two groups Amblyamphora and Psammamphora, both characterized by the direction of the median line, absence of longitudinal lines, by their finely punctate strie, but differing in the simple or complex nature of the zone. As Cymbamphora I regard forms, which have great resemblance to Cymbelle, but not di- stinctly punctate strie. The zone is simple, not complex. I am unable to trace their connection with other groups of naviculoid diatoms. There remain some forms, which I cannot comprise under groups above named, and which I treat of in an appendix. If the above named large groups of Amphore were admitted as distinct genera, which I believe they ought to be, the synonymy would be still more intricate than it is at present. I propose for this reason, that the species of the different groups should retain their generic name Amphora, which in all cases signifies that they are asymmetrical Navicule. This will also afford an opportunity of testing my views, which are entirely new, before admitting the proposed new genera. In many Amphore, belonging to different groups, a peculiar, structureless, very hyaline limbus occurs, which seems to be a flat plate projecting from the dorsal side of the valve. I am in doubt how to regard this peculiar organ, which perhaps may correspond to the wing in the genus T'ropidoneis. As specimens of the same species are found with and without this limbus, it seems not to be of great importance for the distinction of species. Subgenus Amphora Ct. Frustules in outline usually elliptical, with truncate ends. Connecting zone broader on the dorsal than on the ventral part, without longitudinal divisions and not transversely striate or costate. Valve asymmetrical, more or less lunate. Median line biarcuate. Dorsal part of the KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 27. wo 3. 101 valve in. some species with a keel at a longer or shorter distance from the median line, in some with a more or less distinct, blank, narrow band across the striz, in some without any keel or longitudinal band. Structure: usually rows of coarse puncta or strong, transverse costz crossed by longitudinal coste, producing a network of more or less regular quadrate alveoli. Ventral part of the valve without a keel, but in some cases with a narrow blank band across the striz, rarely without strie, frequently with short, radiate strie. The living cell is known in few forms only. A. ovalis, contains a single chromatophore-plate along the ventral side of the zone and the inside of the valves. At the end of the ventral side it has a broad and deep sinus. It has also a narrow and deep sinus from the margin to- 4 p,oteve with cell-contents wards the central nodule. Central plasma-mass and nucleus distinct (ventral and dorsal side) 600 (Prirzer Bau and Entw. p. 82 Pl. IV f. 8, 9). A. Proteus has also a tapes aneemined, single chromatophore-plate along the ventral side of the zone and extending along the valves towards the dorsal side. — On conjugating, two frustules form two auxospores, the longitudinal axis of which crosses the longitudinal axis of the mothercells (Carter, Ann. a. Mag. Nat. Hist. 2 ser. XVII 1856 p. 2 Pl. I f. 13 to 20. Borscow Siissw. Bac. p. 111 Pl. 13 f. 2 a to g 1878). Artificial key. Very small forms. L. 0,006 to 0,01 mm. : : .. A. perpusilla Gru. Lb, Heneih 0,02 to 004 mm... .....,0.0. ‘ So We iAteteeee Gh Gade 225 more than 0,04 mm... 2. 7. ee) ge Ventral side not striate .. . & Se coe as .. . . A. behringensis Cu. — striate ..... be. pl) de Shy cee ae 3 weed ks 4 Be Central area distinct. ...... 2... eee uae ....A. ovalis var. Pediculus. _ fons — indistinct . Bo Oe oo we | RU cae Bae ee ae A. Pusio Ct. Frustule rather rectangular. ........ F , Mek 4S vee oS 5. a — elliptical ........ caer — ra Ventral side striate in its whole length... 1... 1... ee eee ee 6. ee — attheendsonly............ : . Az Weinetix JAN. Longitudinal line distinct .. .....-.. é Be es A. javanica A. 8. 4 == findistinet: 2 6 6 6 ee Rf ee ... A. arenicola Grun. Bonsall side longitudinally angularly bent .. 2.00 7 1 eee te eee d. dubia A. 8. ed — not — _— — 2 oe ee Se ae ee ee 8. Median line on an elevated keel ......... : : A. Schmidtii Gron. 2 eel — not very elevated .... «1. eee. ucae “se ee Oh ee line on the dorsa] side distinct ... ... ge hed fi: See ve, AO? = = = — — not—.... . : ara? Bah. He ai OS 10. jsnia (or coste) 4 in 0jo1 mm... . Ken i eC EE .... . A. nodosa Br. = 6 tot SS ee we ee ee Ge Wiles “not: distinctly punctate: «60605 gone ee Soe a Sw 8 ey ae ae 4. 4 Nese area distinct... ... portage OP ay A. angusta Cu. , — — not distinct. .. — Gr: Ban «Gk caldnta ies ar eanes 5. 5 pee line straight. . ... eA ibe Ste, Sh ode ge tna ade A. euanbiion mis CL. ca — — slightly biarcuate ... go. nae te he fee HE 8 . .A. bituminosa Pant. 1. A. angusta (Gree. 1857) Cu. — V. narrow, semilanceolate, acute or subacute. L. 0,04 to 0,13; B. 0,005 to 0,018 mm. Median line straight, parallel and approximate to the ventral margin. Axial area distinct and frequently moderately broad on the dorsal side, indistinct or small on the ventral side. Strie 7 to 17 in 0,01 mm., not distinctly punctate. Both the dorsal and the ventral sides of the valve are striate. This species comprises a number of forms. Var. typica Cy. — B. of the frustule 0,01. L. of the valve 0,05 to 0,055; B. 0,005 to Qoo7 mm. Strie 17 to 18 in 0,01 mm. — A. angusta Gree. D. of Clyde p. 510 Pl. XIT f. 66. A. angusta var. gracilenta Gruy. A. S. Atl XXV f. 15. A. Eulensteinii var. fossilis Pant. 1889 II p. 36 Pl. I f. 3, Pl III f. 49. Cymbella marina Caste. Chall. Exp. D. p. 31. Pl. XXVII f. 13? Marine: Scotland (Greg.), Spitsbergen! Sea of Kara! Quincy, Massachusetts! Czekehaza, Hungary (fossil)! Jamaica (Grove Coll.). The figure of A. angusta in Diat. of the Clyde is not sufficient for identification without original specimens, but as in the description is stated that it has 17 to 18 strie in 0,01 mm. I think that A. angusta Grea. may denote this form. A. Eulensteinii var. fossilis is described as having 20 to 22,5 strie in 0,01 mm. I found 18 only in specimens from Czekehaza. Cymbella marina CastR. may be this or another form of A. angusta, it is impossible to decide which from the figure and the description. Var. oblongella Grun. (1878). — Frustule in breadth 0,008 to 0,013. V.in L. 0,032 to 0,068; B. 0,006 to 0,01 mm. Striz 14 to 15 in 0,01 mm. — A. oblongella Grun. Casp. Sea D. p. 7 Pl. IV f. 20. A. exigua Grea. D. of Clyde p. 514 Pl. IV f. 75? A. angusta var. arctica Grun. A. D. p- 24 Pl. I f. 9 (1880). A. lanceolata var. minor Cu. Vega p. 462 (1883). Marine and brackish: Sweden (Bohuslin)! Firth of Tay! East cape! Behrings Island! Ba- learic Islands! Caspian Sea (Grun.), Campeachy Bay! Pensacola! Honolulu! A. exigua Gree. may be this form although the strie are stated to be 11 in 0,01 mm., but it is impossible to decide without original specimens. Var. Eulensteinii Grun. (1875). — L. of the valve 0,08 to 0,121; B. 0,016 to 0,02 mm. Striz 11 to 12 in 0,01 mm. somewhat closer on the ventral side, or about 14 in 0,01 mm. — A. Hulen- steimt A. S. Atl. XXV f. 1 to 8; XL f. 35 to 37. Marine: China! Japan! Govans Bay; Raised March; Leton Bank (Atl.), Cape May! Var. diducta A. S. (1875). — V. gibbous in the middle. L. 0,082; B. 0,015 mm. Dorsal strie 10 to 11 in 0,01 mm. — A. did. A. 8. Atl. XXV f. 13. A. cymbelloides var. latior Grun. Atl. XXV f. 8. Marine: Java, Japan (Atl.). Var. ventricosa Gree. (1857). — V. in L. 0,059 to 0,13; B. 0,013 to 0,018 mm. Dorsal strize 8 to 9 in 0,01 mm., ventral somewhat closer. — A. ventricosa Gree. D. of Clyde p. 511 Pl. XII f. 68. A. lanceolata Cu. D. from Spitsb. p. 667 Pl. XXIII f. 2 (1864). Cymbella criophila Casrr. Chall. Exp. D. p. 21 Pl. XXVII f. 5 1886 (strie distinctly punctate)? Cymbella marina Pant. IT] Pl. XIX f. 274? Marine: Greenland! Spitsbergen! Sea of Kara! Finmark! Coasts of Scotland, Norway and Bohuslan! Adriatic! Bab el Mandeb! Monterey (Atl. XXV f. 6). The fig. in Diat. of the Clyde is insufficient for identification, still I have little doubt that Gregory denotes this form. An intermediate form between Var. ventricosa et Var. Eulensteinia is fig. 5 Pl XXV in A.S Atl. 136 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. Var. incurvata Brun (1891). Valve arcuate. L. 0,1 to 0,13; B. 0,011 mm. Striz 6 in 0,01 mm. — A. lanceolata var. incr. Brun D. espéces n. p. 8 Pl. XII f. 3. Marine: Japan! Western Africa (Brun). Var. zebrina A. 8. (1875). — V. gibbous in the middle. L. 0,075; B. 0,oo9 mm. Strie 6 (dorsal) to 7 (ventral) in 0,01 mm. — A. zebrina A. S. Atl XXV f. 11. Marine: Baltjik Dept. (Atl.). 2. A. cymbiformis Ci. N. Sp. — V. semilanceolate, acute. L. 0,045 to 0,07; B. 0,007 to 0,013 mm. Axial area indistinct. Strie 14 to 17 in 0,01 mm. — A. 8. Atl. Pl. XXV f. 9. Marine: Port Jackson! Labuan! 3. A, eymbelloides Grun. (1867). — Hyaline. L. of the frustule 0,038 to 0,084; B. of the frustule 0,011 to 0,013, of the valve 0,008 to 0,011 mm. Striz very fine, 29 in 0,01 mm. or more. — Hedw. 1867, VI p. 24. A. angusta var. minuta Grun. A. 8. Atl. XXVI f. 65, 66. Danner. Baltic D. Pl. I f. 102 A. angusta var. glaberrima Grun. A. 8. Atl. XXVI f. 61, 62. Marine: Seychelles! Honduras (Grun.), Barbados! The original A. cymbelloides of Grunow is a very delicately striate form, of which the author several years ago sent me a sketch, agreeing with A. angusta var. minuta, or var. glaberrima in A. 8. Atl. More coarsely striate forms have since been published as A. cymbelloides (Atl. XXV f. 8, 14) which belong to A. angusta. The var. mauritiana Groun. (Hedwigia |. c. p. 25) cannot belong to the same species as it has a longitudinal line across the striz. 4. A. areta A. S. (1875). — Hyaline. Frustule almost linear with truncate ends. L. 0,094; B. 0,012 mm. Striee delicate. — Atl. XXVI f. 63. Marine: Australia, Port Lincoln (Atl.). 5. A. magellanica Prerrr (1888). — V. semilanceolate, acute. IL. 0,061 to 0,063; B. 0,01 to 0,011 mm. Median line straight, approximate to the ventral margin. Axial area indistinct; central small, rounded. Striz 12 in 0,01 mm. finely punctate. — D. de Cape Horn p. 119 Pl. X f. 14. A. 8. Atl. XXV f. 4 (no name). Marine: Magellan’s Straits! 6. A. bituminosa Panr. (1889). — Frustule elongated, elliptical. L. 0,016 to 0,043; B. 0,012 to 0,o14 mm. Median line approximate to the ventral margin, slightly biarcuate. Axial and central areas indistinct. Striz 14 to 15 in 0,01 mm. not distinctly punctate and not interrupted or crossed by a longitudinal line. Connecting zone not complex. — Pawnr. II p. 35 Pl. I f. 1, Pl. EL 4.23: Brackish water: Szardoc, Hungary, fossil! It is doubtful whether this species be correctly placed in this subgenus or in the subgenus Amphora, as the median line is not perfectly straight. Subgenus Calamphora Ct. Frustule rectangular, with more or less rounded ends. Zone complex, with more or less numerous, transversely striate or costate divisions. Valves linear, obtuse, or with obliquely rounded ends. Median line biarcuate, not closely approximate to the ventral margin. Dorsal side with transverse striz, not crossed by a longitudinal line. Ventral side structureless, but with a longitudinal line. This subgenus comprises complex forms, the dorsal strie of which are not crossed by a keel or line. From Halamphora and Oxyamphora they differ by the broader ventral side, which has a longitudinal line, and by the non-protracted or non-rostrate ends. KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 27. n:o 3. 137 Artificial key. L ea 0:03: tor 0,08: Mit. a eg ee eR ea SG Se ee goa Rae A. pusilla Cu. Is; O85 to-Oo1S Mme ak Re a a a he 2. 9, a nodule stauroid . . ere aes . . . A. sendaiana Bron. — not — Shh pote, ee Hearne ae oe Bees eo le! Be 3. ee constricted in the middle. ........ 2.000 eee enue D. not — — _— Pa Oe eee ee ae eye ee oar BS dase San AL ‘A: io Srto 9 in 00a Mi: Seek BR Si Go whee ie x A. formosa Cu. 5to6 — ar ae wlualeg: Gath ets @, eee taklds A. Scala Cu. a. GRovE. Slightly constricted .. ........ ; BRD RC AR cee eta 6. 5. Strongly 9 a ie bee ane eee Bae Redeem ae ae Ve ket 7. Triconstricted . ......... wie Sd "i A. dorsalis Cu. a. GRove. 6. anak with a hyaline wing... . ee a ee ee . A. limbata Cu. a. Grove. without — Be eee ah olay | Cer deainiete CaO See ches Bi vig Se wa ae A. Grovei Cu. 7. eae 8in 01 mm............048. ee? . A. Camelus Ci. a. GROVE. ca phe bb ee RAR! ty Ga tty i ee ee ae ee A. biconvexa Jan. 1. A. pusilla (Gree. 1857?) Ct. — Frustule linear-elliptical, with rounded ends. L. 0,032 to 0,053; B. 0,01 to 0,o2 mm. V. with obtuse and gibbous ends. Median line biarcuate, at some distance from the ventral margin. Dorsal side striate; strize 12 in 0,01 mm. not distinctly punc- tate. Ventral side not striate. — D. of Clyde p. 525 Pl. XIV f. 95? Diatomiste I p. 159 Pl. XXIII f. 3, 4. Marine: Macassar Straits! It is doubtful what A. pusilla Gree. may denote. It is described as having coarser striz (9 in 0,01 mm.) than A. bacillaris Grua., to which it otherwise bears a considerable resemblance. There is some doubt about the exact position of this little form, as the ventral side of the valve has, so far as I have hitherto seen, no distinct longitudinal line. 2. A. Camelus Cx. and Grove (1892). — Frustule of rectangular outline. L. 0,073; B. 0,035 mm. Zone with a number of longitudinal divisions (2 in 0,01 mm.) transversely striate; strize 9 in 0,01 mm. V. with slightly arcuate median line and the dorsal margin sinuose in the middle. Ends capitate. Dorsal side with 8 striz in 0,01 mm. -— Diatomiste I p. 158 Pl. XXII f. 9 to 12. Marine: Macassar Straits! 3. ae a Roe Gee a) Ge St de Gee ee 24. Valve with irregular large puncta .. 2... 1 ee ee ee eee M. oamaruensis Cu wot Close: SHE yoy ee ae Re es Bl ee ek M. ovata Grun Valve without axial or lateral areas 6 ww 25, with — — a ea he Vana satin hance Jee) « Saran hee sen Gdka saefar cans 65. Strie crossed by several longitudinal furrows . . 2. 6 1 6 ee ee et ee 26. not — a — — sa 8 ebb a adeeb wee Yee ee 27. Valve elliptic-lanceolate or rhomboid... 1... .-. 45. M. quinquecostata Groun. lanceolate, ACUMINATE. 2045 Foe ae a eae ae .... M. seriata Cu. Puncta in straight longitudinal rows, stronger — the transverse ........ 28. Transverse rows of puncta stronger than the longitudinal. . . . al shambles “Bs Transverse strie 12 in 001mm... .. ......-...0.4. M. Tintole Cu. a. GROVE _— a= AF t0-30"in0,07 Mies ae cae SE ee cee ee ta ep 29. Loculiferous rim distant from the margin... . 1... 11 ep eee . M. acuta Grux <= Marginal «. sigs Gk eo ee OA RS We we eB ee OS 30. Central ARCA, GIStINCt 4: 26 ay hs Sea ee ae Ry ee ae RO a Ge M. arata Cu. So AMGIStINGti 3.) oe BR a Bl ee GR Hee M. exarata Cu. Valve with longitudinal lines parallel to the median line. ........,... 82 without — _ — _ _— Bae at tM Va we BS tg be Be a 38. cee lines combined with the central area... 2... 2... eee 33. — not — _ — yo Raha © aids ae ech the gt aa Se 35. Small. L. 0,025 to 0028 mm. . 2... 1. ee ee M. pumila Garon Larger. L. 0,04 to 0,095 mm, . 1... 1 1 34. Loculi about 8 in 001mm. ©... 1 ee ee M. Debyi Cu. 5 — Ee pie ES ied Sots AO ary» HS AE ge SAO Pain? ty feces say eau e M. Braunii Grun. Longitudinal lines close to the median line... 1... 2... 00 0 0. wee ee 36. — distant from — Seg SB Se he Ge) eee ee a ee 37. Valve 5 allt tieclancealate Sones At ies Ae as Sec. At as ee ay ae aap . . .M. apiculata W. Sm. linear with cuneate ends... . . Gs slays Soe hey oat a . M. labuensis Cu. broad, elliptical, rostrate. . 2 2 00. we ee .. .M. Citrus Cu. lanceolate, rostrate . Loculi : in 0;01 mms. « 4 48% He ew ES Loculi - sana size... axe ses Sa — unequal— ..... Valve very small. L. 0,01 mm. oe larger. L. 0,02 mm. and more. ..... Loculi few ........... numerous... ..... #......, Loculi on each side ........... uae rim inside the margin . . — marginal .......2.. —(, Valve constricted in the middle... ....... not — _ = fe ee eS Valve rostrate or apiculate... ...... = .., MOG ys hee oS) Ge cae ola So Puncta forming almost straight longitudinal rows — not — _- _ _ _ Median line strongly undulating ...... = .. — slightly _— or straight Ends rostrate-capitate . 2... 1 1. 1 ee, slightly rostrate ..... poh Oe : ; Median line strongly flexuose. .... ..... — slightly Flush) pie Mowculs : : M. baltica Grown. ae ee Ss M. Pisciculus Cu. M. Peragalli Cu. is eel pe ote, aa .M. capitata Bao. Be * einai he ae M. exigua Lewis. . M. paradoxa Grun. (M. Smithii var.). Sais Kane tots ea tients, ottogn a lashes 43. gt Gd alee he ce caes “48 te awe M. constricta Cu. Be Pane nie foe yes, geome Gitte 44, Pom eats, ecu Yee 48. eh Me ~ ume, 1d . . . A. hungarica Gron. elliptical, rostrate . . : oa ... A. exigua Grun. 4. [ree broad and short... ....... , eer ee Ds \ — narrow and elongated . 2... 2... wi uve By a ER eS es 7. 5. ati fine (25 in 0,o1 mm.) . : . : eh A. Biasolettiana Kitz. 7 — coarse (10 to 14 in 0.01 sais) 7 aa 6. 6. fe broadly lanceolate .. . > 95 : oe pe ee a ethene Kirz. elliptical . . fy eh en tans pS ect ar’ A. Hauckiana Grun. 7, Ws 12 to 16 in oe MMS -Sethvte. ouhdeade. ae —«-S» ss SB) en Be caer 8. — 2lormore.......... zs & Qian eG mtn ty Os 8. a lanceolate... 2... ee eee a ee ... A. Hudsonis Grun. MHGHR). (se gt ak. Gs. eae gi aR Ge ae oe A. glabrata Grun. 4. i Q1in Oot mm. ....... ‘ i tee). AL exrilis Kirrz. : — 24 or more in 001mm... ....... eS ae Sere ee ee 10. 10. ia with parallel margins... 00. we ee ee ee fn thet MG 11. — slightly convex .. : ; ee ee eee oe 12. 11. es water habitat... . , . .. . A. linearis W. SM. Marine ah ge bah: ck » oo. 6...) AL teniata Gro. 12 J Ends sulicapitate i Baas , GAS, 3 28 on A. microcephala Kivz. “| = obttse 2 ee ck ee hot eo ees . . A. minutissima Ktrtz. 1. A. minutissima Kirz. (1833). — Linear with somewhat attenuate and obtuse ends. L. 0,015 to 0,02; B. 0,003 to 0,oo4 mm. Upper V. with narrow, linear axial area. Striz about 26 in 0,01 mm. parallel. Lower V. without axial area and with small, transverse central area. Strie about 25 in 0,01 mm., stronger in the middle, slightly radiate. — Dec. N:o 75 (1833) accor- ding to Lagst. Grun. A. D. p. 23. V. H. Syn. p. 181 Pl. XXVII f. 35 to 88. A. exilis W. Sm. B. D, If Pl. XXXVII f. 303. Fresh water: Sweden! Germany! England! Belgium (V. H.), probably common everywhere. Var. cryptocephala Gron. — Smaller, with slightly capitate ends. L. 0,012 to 0,018; B. 0,002 to 0,003 mm. Strie about 30 in 0,01 mm. — V. H. Syn. Pl. XXVII f. 41 to 44. Fresh water: Finland! 2. A. microcephala Kirz. (1844). — Linear lanceolate, with subcapitate ends. L. 0,009 to 0,026; B. 0,003 mm. Upper valve with linear axial area and parallel strie, 30—36 in 0,01 mm., the median striz abbreviated. Lower V. without axial area and with small transverse central area. Striz about 32 in 0,01 mm. slightly radiate. — A. microcephalum Kitz. Bac. 75 Pl. III f. 13, 19 (1844). Grun. A. D. p. 22. V. H. Syn. p. 131 Pl XXVIT f. 20 to 23. Navicala pachycephala Scuum. Preuss. D. 2:te N. Il f. 44? Fresh water: Sweden (Helsingland)! Belgium (V. H.). Achnanthidium microcephalum W. Sm. B. D. is probably Anomoeoneis exilis Grun. 3. A. linearis W. Sm. (1855). — Linear with rounded ends. L. 0,01 to 0,02; B. 0,003 to Q,oo4 mm. Upper V. with narrow, linear axial area and parallel striw, 24 to 27 in 0,01 mm. Lower V. without axial area and with small and transverse central area. Striee 22 to 28 in 0,01 mm. — Achnanthidium lin. W. Sm. Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1855 p. 8 Pl. If. 9. B. D. II p. 31 Pl. LXI f. 381. Achnanthes lin. Grun. A. D. p. 23. V. H. Syn. p. 131 Pl. XXVII f. 31, 32. Fresh water: Norway (Dovre)! England! Belgium (V. H.). KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 2¢. w:o 3. 189 Var. pusilla Grun. (1880). — L. 0,013 to 0,017; B. 0,003 to 0,004 mm. Strix 18 to 23 in 0,o1 mm. — A. D. p. 23. V. H. Syn. Pl. XXVII f. 33, 34. Fresh water: Greenland! Norway (Dovre)! Var. Jackit Rasy. (1861). -- Broader. L. 0,015; B. 0,0045 mm. Strize about 25 to 26 in 0,01 mm. — Achnanthidium Jackii Rasy. Alg. E. N:o 10038. V. H. Syn. Pl. XXVII f. 24. Fresh water: Baden (Rabh.)! 4. A. exilis Kitz. (1833). — Linear-lanceolate, with rounded ends. UL. 0,015 to 0,03; B. 0,008 to 0,oo9 mm. Upper V. with narrow, axial area slightly dilated at the middle. Striz parallel, about 21 in 0,01 mm. Lower V. without axial area and with small and rounded central area. Strie slightly radiate throughout, in the middle 20, at the ends 27 in 0,01 mm. — Dee. N:o 12 (according to Lagst.). Grun. A. D. p. 22. V. H. Syn. Pl. XXVIIf. 16 to 19. A. subhun- garicum Gutw. Materialy p. 29 Pl. I f. 26? Fresh water: Belgium (V. H.), Germany! 5. A. glabrata Grun. (1863). — Linear, with rounded ends. L. 0,012 to 0,046; B. 0,0068 to 0,013 mm. Upper V. with 12 to 18 strie in 0,01 mm. Lower V. with 13 to 15 striz in 0,01 mm. coarser in the middle than elsewhere. Frustule with broad connecting zone, and rudimentary diaphragms at the ends. — Verh. 1863 p. 146 Pl. IV f. 17. A. D. p. 22. Marine: California (Cl. M. D. N:o 120), Pacific Ocean, New Zealand, North and South Ame- merica (Grun.). Var. auklandica Grun. (1880). — L. 0,035 to 0,04 mm. Striz 22 to 24 in 0,01 mm. Median strie more distant, 10 to 11 in 0,01 mm. — A. D. p. 22. Marine: Auckland (Grun.). Akin to this species is probably the incompletely described and figured Cymbosira minutula Grun. (Verh. 1863 p. 146 Pl. IV f. 27). 6. A. Biasolettiana Kiirz. (1844). — Broadly lanceolate, with obtuse, rounded-truncate ends, somewhat gibbous in the middle. JL. 0,055 to 0,031; B. 0,0065 to 0,007 mm. Upper V. with narrow linear axial area. Striz parallel, about 25 in 0.01 mm. Lower V. without axial area; central area small, rounded. Striez 25 in 0,01 mm. slightly radiate in the middle. -- Synedra Bias. Kitz. Bac. p. 63 Pl. III f. 22. Achn. Bias. Grun. A. D. p. 22. V. H. Syn. p. 130 Pl. XXVII f. 27, 28. Fresh water: Hungary (Grun.), Belgium (V. H.). Forma minuta Grun. (1880). — L. 0,012 to 0,013; B. 0,o045. Strie 24 in 0,01 mm. — A. D. p. 22. Fresh water: Triest (Grun.). Var. sublinearis Grun. — Linear, narrowed at the ends. L. 0,014; B. 0,oo4 mm. Strize 17 to 22 in 0,01. mm. — V. H. T. N:o 11. Brackish water: Belgium (V. H. T.). 7. A. teniata Grun. (1880). — Frustule scarcely arcuate. V. linear, with rounded ends. L. 0,02 to 0,03; B. 0,005 mm. Lower V. without areas. Strie about 24 in 0,01 mm. more distant in the middle and closer towards the ends. — A. D. p. 22 Pl. If. 5. Marine: Sea of Kara (Grun.). 8. A. Hudsonis Grun. (1881). — Linear-lanceolate or subelliptical, with broad and obtuse, frequently’ subrostrate, ends. L. 0,015 to 0,035; B. 0,005 to 0,oos mm. Upper V. with narrow, linear axial area and parallel strie, 15 to 16 in 0,01 mm. Lower V. with narrow axial area; small and orbicular or subrhomboidal central area. On each side of the central nodule is a lunate marking. Strie 14 in 0,01 mm., slightly radiate. -- V. H. Syn. XXVII f. 25, 26. Brackish water: Hudson River! 190 Pp. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. 9. A. trinodis Aryorr (1861). — Linear, gibbous in the middle and at the broad ends. L. 0,015 to 0,02; B. 0,005 mm. Upper V. with narrow axial area dilated in the middle to an almost orbicular, small central area. Striew about 30 in 0,01 mm. parallel. Lower V. without distinct axial area and with small central area. Striz about 30 in 0,01 mm. parallel. — Achnan- thidium trinode Pritcn. Inf. p. 872 Pl. VIII f. 9. Nav. trinodis Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 551 Pl. 1V f. 8. Rhoiconeis trin. Gruy. Verh. 1863 p. 147. Achn. trin. V. H. Syn. Pl. XXVII f. 50 to 52. Fresh water: England, Tyrol (Grun.). 10. A. delicatula Kirz. (1844). — Elliptic-lanceolate, frequently with subrostrate ends. L. 0,01 to 0,02; B. 0,005 to 0,011 mm. Upper V. with narrow, linear axial area. Striz 14 to 15 in 0,01 mm. almost parallel. Lower V. with indistinct axial area and very small, orbicular central area. Strizw 17 to 19 in 0,01 mm. the median shorter. — Achnanthidium delicatulum Kitz. Bac. p- 75 Pl. III f. 21. Achnanthes delic. Grun. A. D. p. 22, 1880. V. H. Syn. p. 130 Pl. XXVII f. 3, 4. Brackish water: Greenland! Arctic America! North Sea! English Channel! Balearic Islands! San Francisco! 11. A. Hauckiana Grow. (1880). — Elliptical to elliptic-lanceolate. L. 0,012 to 0,031; B. 0,006 to 0,008 mm. Upper V. with linear, narrow axial area. Stria 10 to 12 in 0,01 mm., parallel, lower V. without axial area and with small central area. Striz 10 to 13 in 0,01 mm. radiate. — A. D. p. 21. Achn. Hauckii Grun. V. H. Syn. Pl. XXVII f. 14, 15. Hot springs and brackish water: Triest (Grun.), Canada! New Zealand! Tasmania! Cape Horn! 12. A. affinis Grun. (1880). — Linear-lanceolate, obtuse. L. 0,015 to 0,023; B. 0,003 to 0,o0o35 mm. Upper V. with narrow, linear axial area. Strie parallel 27 to 30 in 0,01 mm. Lower V. with narrow axial area. Central area a transverse fascia, reaching to the margin. Strie about 30 in 0,01 mm. radiate throughout. -- A. D. p. 20. V. H. Syn. p. 130 Pl. XXVII f. 39, 40. Fresh water: Belgium (V. H.), Tasmania! North America, White Mountains! Var. jamalinensis Grun. (1880). — L. 0,037; B. 0,005 mm. Strie of the lower V. 16 in 0,01 mm. — A. hungarica var.? jamal. Grun. A. D. p. 20. Marine(?): Sea of Kara (Grun.). 13. A. exigua Grun. (1880). — Broadly elliptic-lanceolate, with rostrate, obtuse ends. L. 0,013 to 0,017; B. 0,005 to 0,oo6 mm. Upper V. with narrow, linear axial area. Strize about 22 in 0,01 mm. parallel. Lower V. with very narrow axial area. Central area a transverse fascia, reaching to the margin. Striz about 25 in 0,01 mm. slightly radiate throughout. — Stauro- neis exilis Kitz. Bac. p. 105 Pl. XXX f. 21. Scuum. Preuss. D: II Nachtr. Pl. II f. 59. Ach. exigua Grun. A. D. p. 21. V. H. Syn. Pl. XXVII f. 29, 30. Fresh water, hot springs: Sweden (Hernésand, interglacial deposit)! Germany (Berlin)! Brazil! Ecuador! Surinam! Java! New Zealand! Hawaii! 14. A. hungarica Gruy. (1863). — Narrow elliptical or linear-lanceolate with subcuneate ends. L. 0,02 to 0,03; B. 0,006 to 0,oo7 mm. Upper V. with narrow axial area, in the middle dilated to a narrow, short, transverse central area. Strie about 21 in 0,01 mm., parallel. Lower V. with narrow axial area. Central area a broad fascia. Strie about 21 in 0,01 mm., slightly radiate. — Banks Eh i 7. eck small and constricted . : .... A. coarctata Bris. — — elliptical or large, and enumteieted, ornot...... . A. brevipes Ag. 1. A. margaritarum Cx. (1893). — V. not arcuate, lanceolate, with slightly protracted ends. I. 0,05 to 0,06; B. 0,o2 mm. Upper V. with central, narrow axial area. Striz 10 (middle) to 13 (ends) in 0,01 mm. very slightly radiate, composed of distinct puncta, arranged in straight, longitudinal rows, 15 in 0,01 mm. Lower V. with straight median line, indistinct, axial and small, orbicular central area. Striz 10 (middle) to 15 (ends) in 0,01 mm. composed of puncta, arranged in straight longitudinal rows, 13 in 0,01 mm. .— Dissomisne IL p. 57 Pl. III f. 9, 10. ' Marine: Pearl Islands (near Java?)! This remarkable species is not akin to any other. ‘The upper valve has some resemblance of Rhaphoneis amphiceros. 9. A. lanceolata Bris. (1849). — Narrow, elliptic-lanceolate to broadly elliptical, with rounded, obtuse, rarely rostrate, ends. L. 0,017 to 0,035; B. 0,005 to 0oos mm. Upper V. with 1) The incompletely known Ach. beccata Leup. Fortm., A. agglutinata Grun. and Cocconeis perpusilla Pan. not included. 192 P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. linear, central axial area, on one side of which, in the middle of the valve, there is a horseshoe- shaped area. Strie 13 in 0,01 mm. almost parallel, coarsely punctate. Lower V. with narrow axial area and broad, quadrate or rectangular central area. Siriz 14 in 0,01 mm., slightly radiate, coarsely punctate. — Achnanthidium lanceolatum Kitz. Sp. Alg. p. 54. W. Sm. B. D. II Pl. XXXVII f. 304. Achnanthes lance. Grun. A. D. p. 23. V. H. Syn. p. 181 Pl. XXVII f. 8 to 11. Stauro- neis truncata Scuum. Preuss. D. I Nachtr. p. 22 f. 28. Fresh water: Throughout Europe! Amsterdam Island! Tasmania! New Zealand! Australia (North Australia, Daintree River, Australian Alps)! Ilinois! Ecuador! Var. dubia Grun. (1880). — Broadly lanceolate. L. 0,015 to 0,017; B. 0,007 to 0,0072 mm. Strie 13 to 14 in 0,01 mm. — A. D. p. 23. V. H. Syn. p. 132 Pl. XXVII f. 12, 13. Fresh water: Belgium (V. H.), Austria (Grun.)! Var. elliptica Cu. (1891). — Elliptical. L. 0,012 to 0,016; B. 0,007 to 0,oo9 mm. Upper V. with 16 strize in 0,01 mm. — D. of Finland p. 51 Pl. TIT f. 10, 11. Fresh water: Abo in Finland! Var. Haynaldii Saarscu. (1881). — Inflated in the middle, with rostrate-capitate ends. L. 0,025 to 0,027; B. 0,007 mm. Strie 16 in 0,01 mm., indistinctly punctate. — Achn. Haynaldii Saarscu. Spec. Phyc. Aequat. p. 8 (according to De Toni Syll. p. 478). Cx. Diatomiste II Pl. VII f. 14. Fresch water: Ecuador, Antisana! 3. A. Peragalli Brun. a. Hirrp. (1893). — Broadly elliptical, inflated, with protracted api- culate or subcapitate ends. LL. 0,012 to 0,016; B. 0,006 to 0,oos mm. Upper V. with narrow, linear and central axial area, on one side of which in the middle of the valve there is a horseshoe- shaped area. Strive 17 in 0,01 mm. slightly radiate. Lower V. with large, outward dilated central area. Striz very fine and oblique. — D. d’Auvergne p. 50 Pl. If. 4. Fresh water: Puy de Déme, living (Brun. Coll.)! A very small, but distinct species, resembling A. lane. var. Haynaldit. 4, A. mesogongyla Grun. (1879). — Narrow, elongated, inflated in the middle, with rounded ends. L. 0,08 to 0,09; B. 0,013 to 0,014 mm. Upper V. with central, narrow axial area and transverse, coarsely punctate striz, 10 in 0,01 mm. (puncta 18 in 0,01 mm.). Lower V. with broad central fascia. Strice 11 in 0,01 mm. punctate; puncta 18 in 0,01 mm. — Cr. M. D. N:o 193. A. D. p. 19. Icon. nost. Pl. III f. 2. Fresh water: Brazil! 5. A. coarctata Bris. (1855). — Linear, slightly constricted in the middle, with broad, truncate ends. L. 0,04; B. 0,008 mm. Upper V. with very excentric, narrow, frequently infra- marginal, axial area. Striz 11 to 14 in 0,01 mm. punctate. Lower V. with broad central fascia. Strie 12 to 15 in 0,01 mm. slightly radiate, punctate. — Achnanthidium coarct. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. [2] Vol. XV p. 8 f. 10. W. Sm. B. D. Pl. LXI f. 379. Achnanthes coarct Grun. A. D. p- 20. V. H. Syn. p. 130 Pl. XXVI f. 17 to 20. Achnanthidium coarct. var. elineata Laast. Spitsb. D. p. 49 Pl. I f. 16. Scuum. flexellum Brus. . Gronlandicum Cu. Hungaricum Gruy. Jackit Ru. ‘ lanceolatum BREB. lineare W. Sm. minutum CL. . microcephalum Ke. » W. SM. naviculoides REINSCH. neglectum ScHuM. . trinode (AR.) : 3 subhungaricum Gurw..... Actinoneis Ct. . Alloioneis Scnum. (Navic.?) Antillarum Cu. Castracanet Pant... . cocconeiformis Grun. M. 8. curvinervia GRUN. . 3 Debyi Luup.-F. Griindleri Cu. & Grun. Stauntonit GRuN.. . 1... Amphicampa Rass. aequatorialis Cu. Amphipleura Ke.. . Danica Ke. . . Debyi Lrvup.-F. Frauenfeldii Groun. . Hungarica Pant. . infleca Bris... Lindheimeri Groun. var. Truani V. Hex. maxima H. L. Sm. micans Lynep.. ...... var. fragilis (GREV.) GRUN. . pellucida Ke... . 1... . var. Brasiliensis Cu. var. intermedia GRUN. . . . var. Lindheimeri Grun. var. maxima H. L. Sm. var. Oregonica GRUN. var. recta Kirron . var. Schumanni Grun. . var. Truani V. Hex. . rutilans (TRENTEPOHL) . . var. antarctica (HaRv.) GRrun. Schumanni Grun. Weissflogii Grun. Amphiprora E. alata Ke. var. intermedia Cu. var. Japonica Ch. . . var. pulchra (BAIL.) . ? antarctica GRUN. arenaria BREB. Balearica Grun. . Biharensis Pant. . . Brebissonia GrEv. coarctata Brun. . foe compleca GREG... .. conserta Lewis... . ean Le Ae ce a on oe ee Oe Be Be ee ont bo Oe a cn Oe Oe Oo Be ee KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLNGAR. conspicua GREV..... . I 16. (elegans var.?) PosewitziiPanr. I constricta Eur... . 1145. = pulehra Batt. . . I crenulata TEmp. I 16. punctata Panr. . I decussata Grun.. ..... I 18. ‘pusilla Gree... . I delicatula Gruv. I 2. ag aed GRUN. . I didyma W. SM. I 2b. alfsii Arn. I dilatata Pant. I 15. recta Gree... . soy I duplex Donx. : I 15. semistriata GRun.. . I Dusenii Ch... 2... « 15, septentrionalis Grun. (decus- elegans W. Sm. ...... I 27. sata var.) . I var. Adriatica Grun. . . . I 27. striata Pant. I var. gracilis Grun. I 25. sulcata O'ME.. . . I var. ? Posewitzii Pant. I 27. ? superba GREV.. I eximia GREV.. . gid’ ioe I 2b. Temperei Cr. é I Jimbriata Caste. I 16. Thwaitesiana Grev.. I fragilis Temp & Br. . I 24. vitrea W. Sm. I gigantea Grun. I 18. Wendtit Wirr. 1 var. aequatorialis Ct. I 18. Amphora E. ; . Il var. decussata (GRUN.) . . I 18. Amblyamphora II var. Kerguelensis Grun.. . I 18. Amphora Cu. II var. septentrionalis (Grun.). I 18. Archiamphora. II var. sulcata (O’Mz.) . I 18. Calamphora Cu. . II var. Tahitensis (GRUN.). I 18. Cymbamphora . I hyalina Evt. . ... 2... I 6. Diplamphora Cu... II hyper borea aoe minuta Doubtful or imperfectly GRoun. . . Anas I 14. known Amphorae II Indica Grun. : I 265. Halamphora Ct. II Jolisiana Grev.. .. .. I ¥0. Oxyamphora....... II Kariana Grun. I 16. Psammamphora Ct. I Kjellmanii Cu... I 16. abbreviata Burisco . . . . ~~ II var. glacialis Ch. . ... . I 16. acuta GREG... 1 2... II var. Kariana (GRun.) . I 16. var. arcuata (A. 8.) . . . II var. striolata (GRUN.) I 1%. var. labyrinthica Grun. _ iO var. subtilis (GRUN.) . I 17. var. neogena Pant. . TI 128, kryophila Ch... . . : I 17. acutiuscula Ke... . . . J Kiitzingiana Grev. : I 15. var.? constricta Gron.. . I lata GREV. . . if Bvy I 17. var. fossilis Pant. 0 latestriata Bris. I 72. var.? subconstricta Grun.. . 11 Lepidoptera Grea. 1 25, 71. Aestuarii- Ch. . han II var. Samoensis Grun.. . . I 23. affinis Ke... . . By Il lineata Grey. . poe ie LA 20 alata PERAG. . I longa Cu... . . , 1 25: var. aptera Ct. . iT margine-punctata Ct... : I 17. var major Ch... ..... II maxima GREG. (RABH. & JAN, ) 126, 11131. alveolata Leup.-F.. II var.? dubia Cu. & Grun . I 26. amphioxys Bat. II mediterranea GRun. T 25, 28. andesitica Pant. II membranacea Ch. . .. IT 24. angularis GREG. II Meneghiniana Grev. I 17. > Vv... I navicularis E.. . I 139. angulosa var. lyrata (Grue.). II Nereis Lewis . I 15, angusta (GREG.) Ch. . . II nitida GReEv. T 20. var. arctica GRUN.. . . II oblonga Grev.. I 26. var. diducta (A: 8.) . . II obtusa GREG. I 71. var. Eulensteinii (GRUN.) . II ornata Bam... . ... I 16. var. glaberrima GRUN. . II paludosa W. Sm.. . »2@ F 14, var. glacilenta Gron. I var. Africana GRUN.. . . I 14 var. incurvata (Brun.) I var. Bahusiensis Cu... . I 14. var. minuta GRUN. I var. borealis GRrun. I ib. var. oblongella Grun. II var. dilatata (Pant.) ° I 15. var. typica Ct. ? I var. duplex (Donk.) .. . I 15. var. ventricosa GREG. II var. hyalina (EUL.). I 165. var. zebrina A. 8.. I var. hyperborea Grun.... I 14. antiqua CL. & GROVE I forma minuta Gron. . I 14. aponina Ke. II var. maxima (GreG.). ... I 16. arcta A. 8. Il var. Nereis (LEWIS) . . I fh. arcuata Pant. 8. .... II var. Pokornyana GRUN.. . I 15. > Beye are wkese Gs Il var. punctulata Grun.... I 15. Arcus GREG.. I var. subsalina Cu. . I 14. forma typica . . . I ? paradoxa GREV. I 29. var. sulcata (GREG.) . II elagica BRUN. I 18. arenaria Donk. Il ethoi Pant. I 22. > > var. II plicata GREG. IT 20. forma typica . var. Japonica CastR. I 165. var. Donkinii Rex. II var.? subplicata Grun. I 28. var. Rattrayi Cu. I Pokornyana Grun. IT 15. arenicola GRruN. . . II BAND 27. w:io 3. 199 var. major Cu. IT 104. var. oculata Ch... II 104. var. subaequalis Cu. II 104. areolata GRUN.. . . II 114. var. curta CL. . . IT 115. var. maxima Cn. & Grove. II 115. var. minor Cu. II 115. Argus Pant. TI 141. aspera Petit. . II 128. bacillaris Gree. . IL 127. var. Scotica Grun. . II 127. Beccarii DE Novaris Il 141. Behringensis Cu.. II 102. Berggrenii Ct.. II 134. biconvexa Jan. II 137. biggibosa Cu. II 133. bigibba Grun.. . . II 120 var. interrupta Grun. II 120. binodis Grze. . . IL 124. bioculata Cu. II 114. biseriata Gree. . . II 109. bistriata Lrup.-F. . “TI 110. bituminosa Pawv. TI 136. borealis Ke... . II 121. > ScHum.. . II 105. Boryana Panv. . . IL 105. Budayana Pant. : II 141. bullata Ch. . 2... . II 119. bullosa Fior. Mazz... . II 141. var. lineolata E. . It 121. Bulnheimii Ren... . II 126. Camelus Cu. & GROVE . II 137. Capensis A. S.. . II 115. Chinensis A. 8. IL 126. cingulata Cu. . IT 138. > Pant. . II 141. clara A. 8. II 122. Clevei Grun. II 140. coarctata Lxun.-F. JI 141. coffeiformis AG. . II 120. var. angularis . If 121. var. borealis Ke. II 121. var. fossilis Pant... If 119, 121. var. Hungarica CL.. . IT 121. var.? perpusilla GRoun. . II 120. var. protracta Pant. . II 121. var. salinarum GRun. II 121. coffeiformis H. L. Sm. II 119. commutata GRun. . It 119. var. fossilis PANT... . II 120. Comorensis Cu. . II 111. complanata Grun. . I 158. complexa GREG. . IT 113. contracta GRovE & Sr. II 114. > GRUN. . . . . IL 115. corpulenta Cu. & GROVE II 123. costata W. Sm ..... II 122. crassa GREG. II 109. > var. : II 100, 110. var. Campechiana Grun. . II 109. var. degenerata CL. II 109. var. elongata Cu. . IT 109. var. euprepes Pant. .... II 109. var. interlineata(GRoveE& St.) II 109. var. minor Pant. .. ID 110. var. modesta Cu. TI 109. var. punctata GRUN. IL 109. var. Seychellensis Ci. TI 110. var. Sélswigiensis (PETIT) II 109. var. spuria Ch. ...... II 110. cristata Prtir. II 141. cuneata Ch... .. II 116. curvata PANT... .. II 120. cyclops Lrup.-F.. . . It 1381. cymbelloides Grun. II 136. 200 var. latior. Gruy. . . tar. Mauritiana Grun. cymbifera GREG. . > GREG. var. var. gigantea GRUN.. . cymbiformis Ch... . . Czekehazensis Pant. . . Debyi Levup.-F. decipiens Ct. decora CaSTR.. .... decussata Grun. var. Briocensis Leup. F. delphinea Barn... . P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE II II II II II cae II II _ II II TI II eae | | 135. 136. 122. 122. 12%. 136, 124. 113. 108. 116. 123. 129. 134. var. Jamalinensis CL & Grun. II 134. var. minor . II 134. diaphana Cu. . It 112. diducta A. SS... II 135. Digitus A. 8.. II 95. Donkinii Rau. II 133. dorsalis CL. & GROVE . It 187. dubia (GrEG.) A. S. . It 102. egregia (E.) A. S. II 110. var. Neogradensis Pant.. . II 110. elegans GREG. oe TT 129. elegans PERAG. II 139. Erebi E. ; II 122. Ergadensis Gree. II 122. Eulensteinii Grun. IT 135. var. fossilis Pant. II 135. Eunotia Ct. . II 122. var. gigantea Grun. II 122. eunotiaeformis Grun. II 141. excisa GREG. II 130. exigua Gree. . i 123, 185. exornata JAN.. II 110. exsecta GRUN.. . II 116. fallax Temp. & Br. IT 181. Farcimen Grun. II 106. fasciata E. JI 118. > GREG... . II 113. fimbriata Cu. & GRoveE. II 139. flexuosa GREV. eerdekds II 120. jiuminensis Grun.. . . . IT 128. formosa CL.. ..... II 138. var. minuta Cu. . IL 138. fossilis Panr. . II 120. Jurcata Levp. -F. II 132. fusca A. 8S... 0, II 106. gemmifera Prvir. . . II 114. gibba A. 8. II 140. gigantea Gro. ‘ . TI 105. var. andesitica Pan. II 106. var. fusca (A. S.) . II 106. var. obscura Cr.. TI 106. forma minor II 106. globosa Suum.. II 1085. globulosa Suum. . II 105. gracilis BE... 2... II 104. Graeffii (Grun.) CL. . . I 118. var. staurophora Cu... . . IT 113, Graeffii Grun. var. . TT 113. granulata GREG... .. II 123. granulifera CL. II 116. Grevilleana GREG... . II 1138. var. Campechiana Gun. It 113. var. contracta Cu. If 113. var. prominens Grun.. . . II 113. var.? sepulta Pant. It 113. Grénlandica Ch... . IT 128. Grovei Cu. : II 188. Griindleri Grown... . IT 112. var. approximata Ch. II 112. var. robusta CL... . II 112. var. trachytica Panr. TT 112. Grunowii A. 8. II 123. NAVICULOID DIATOMS. hemisphaerica GRun. Il hevesensis Pant.. ree | hians FLOGEL . II 130, Hohenackert Rew... .. . . II humicola Grun. . - II var. calderiorum GRUN. . Il var. Javanica GRUN. . Il hybrida Grun. : . I hyalina Ke... . . 3. . It 126, var. parvula GRUN. . It hyperborea Grun. , 1153 I 2 incerta A. S. . 6 hoe incurva GREG.. II inelegans Cl. & Grove . II var.? polita Cu. II inflata GRrun. II inflexa Bris. . . II inornata CL. s II ? insecta GRUN.. . . I interlineata Grove & Sr. ef intermedia Lewis. ..... I (ostrearia?) interrupta Pant. II intersecta A.S........ II var. Sarmatica Pant. II var.? striata Pant... ... Il invidenda Pant. II Janischii A. S. ....... II Javanica A. 8. II Jeschkei Jan. . II juvenalis Pant... . II Kamorthensis Gruy.. . II var. minor Il Kossuthii Pant. . II Labuensis CL. . . II var. fusiformis Leup.-F. . IL labyrinthica Grun. wy LE laevis GREG. : II var. laevissima Gree. II var. minuta CL. . II var. perminuta GRuN. I laevissima GREG. . . II var. perminuta GRUN.. . I Lagerheimii Cu. II lanceolata Cu... . . I var. incurvata Brun « var. minor Ch. . . II Leightsmithiana O’Mr . II Leudugeriana PEetir » LE libyca E.. IT > Ee om os Sm. II var. interrupta Pant. II ‘Lima Pant. : II ? Sic 4 he Il limbata Cit. & GROVE . IT limpida Jan. II lineata Gree. . It 120, lineolata Donk. io EE lineolata E. .. ..... II var. Chinensis (A. 8 . Il var. undata (H. L. 3h ea SE litoralis Donk. Il Léczyi Pant... 1.2... II Lunula Cu. II Lunyacsekii Pant. Il lutea Leup.-F, . Il lyrata Grue. a2 Rohan Deilh macilenta GREG... . II 121, var. Ergadensis Grea... . II var. typica CL. II meandrina Cu. Ir Magellanica Petit. . II magnifica GREV.. . II margaritifera Cu. . Il marina W. Sm. IT 103, var. arenicola GRuN. . 127. 119. 134. 118. megapora PANT... . . membranacea W. SM. . Mexicana A. 8... var. fusca Cn. micans A. 8. Milesiana Gree. minuta Pant. . minutissima W. Sm... . monilifera GREG... . mucronata H. L. SM. munda A. 8. Milleri A.S.. 2... nana GREG.. . Naumanni JAN. .... naviculacea Donk. naviformis Leup.-F.. . . Neupauert Pant. nobilis FLOGEL ... . > GREG. . nodosa Brun. . . Normani Rpw..... . Nova Caledonica Grun. . . obesa Ct. & GROVE . . oblonga GREG. . oblongella Grun. obtecta Bat obtusa GREG. ..... forma typica Cu. forma minuta Cu. var. Lunyacsekii (Pant) . var. oceanica (CasTR.) var. Radula Cu. var. transfuga CL. obtusiuscula Grun. oceanica CastR.. . ocellata Donk. - var. cingulata CL. var.? interrupta Pant. . var. Jamalinensis Cu. GRUN. var.? Oamaruensis Ch. . ap var. typica CL. Oculus A. 8. var. Farcimen GRUN.. . var. fossilis Pant. -ornata Leup -F. ostrearia Bris. . . var. Belgica Grun. var. lineata Cn. . var. minor GRUN. . var. typica Cn. var. vitrea Cu. ovalis Ka. forma typica . var. affinis Ke. var. y affinis f. minor var. gracilis E. var. libyca E. . var. Pediculus Ke.. ovalis var. ° Pediculus Ke. forma exilis Grun. forma minor Grun. . Ovum Ch... 2... parallela FLOGEL Pecten Brun. . . var. Argus Cr. Pediculus Gro major GRUN. pellucida A. 8. > GReo.. Peragalli Cu. permagna Pant. perpusilla Grun. (globulosa var.) GRUN. oo... & KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. Petitii Temp. & Brun... Petiti Levp.-F....... Pleurosigma Temp. & Brun. plicata Grae. . polyzonata Casrr. . Porcellus Kirton... . praevalida Jan.. prisca Ct. & GRovE. . prismatica CL... 2... proboscidea (GREG.) Ch. . Proteus GREG. . ths Proteus var. var alata Cu. var. contigua Cr. : var. hexagonalis Wirt. var. Kariana Gruy.. var. parvula FLOGEL var. speciosa CAsTR. . protracta Pant... . pulchra Grev. .. pusilla (GrEG.) Ch... . Pusio Ch... 2... quadrata Gree... quadrata Bris... . quadricostata Rau. . . Rattrayi Cu... rectangularis GREG... . . rectilineata Cu. & Grove. Reichardtiana Gruy.. . rhombica Kirron var. gracilior Cu. . var. intermedia Cu. rimosa E. robusta A. S..... robusta GREG... . ; var. fusca CL... . . var. minor. DANNF. ... . var subplicata CL... . salina W. Sm... .... salina var. fossilis Pawr. . salina B minor sarniensis GREV. var.? flexuosa (GREV.) ... var.? sinuata (GREV.) scabriuscula CL. & GROVE . . Scala Ct. & GRovE ... var. alata CL. . scalaris CastTR. Schleinitzii Jan. Schmidtiit Perrr Schmidtii Grun . forma major. ... forma minor. var. alata CL. . bp dt var. Schleinitzii Jan. sejuncta Pant. Sendaiana Brun . sinuata GREV. spectabilis GREG. Staubit Pant... ... staurophora (CastR.) Ch... . staurophora DANNF.. .. . > Pant. stauroptera Batt. . striata Pant... .... : strigata Pant. striolata Panr. Studerit Jan. Sturtii Gron. . subinflata GRUN. K. Sv. Vet. Akademiens Handlingar. II 129. II 138. II 1883. IT 126. . IL 180. II 129. II 110. TI 139. II 112. It 113. . . IT 103. II 105. II 103. . It 108. IT 103. II 103. II 103. II 103. II. 121. subpunctata Gr. & Sr... . . sulcata (Bris.) CL. sulcata A. 8. >» Dann. » GREG...... >» Roper. sumatrensis Lxup.-F. svavis Pant. ..... Szaboi Pant. . Szontaghii Pane. . . Taylort Gron. tenera W. Sm. tenuis FLOGEL Terroris E.. ..... var. limbata Cu.. . tertiaria Pant. : tesselata GRovE & St. . tetragibba Cu... . . Thaitiana CastrR.. . transylvanica Pant.. Treubii Leunp.-F. truncata A. 8. : truncata GREG. .... tumidula Grun.. . . turgida GREG... . . undata H. L. SM. . > Levp.-F. . undulata GREV.. . valida PrRaG... . veneta Ke. .... ventricosa GREG. verrucosa PANT... vetusta CL... ..... vitrea Cu. 4 vittata Pant... 1... . Wachenhusenii Jan.. . Weinekii Jan... .. Weissflogii A. S. Wiesneri Pant. . Wittstenii Jan. zebrata Temp. & Brun zebrina A. 8. Amphoropsis Gaon. decipiens Grun.. .. . recta GRUN.. .... Anomoeoneis Pritz.... ? bipunctata Grun. ? brachysira (BriB.) GRuN.. . ? exilis (Ke.) (Grun.) var. gomphonemacea Gron.. II var. thermalis (GRUN.). . . Follis (E.) . 2... 2... Macraeana (Panv.). . menilitica (Pant.) . . polygramma (E.). . . sculpta (E.). . . . var. major CL. ? serians (BREB.) sphaerophora (Ke.) var. biceps (E.) ? Zellensis (GRuN.). . . Anorthoneis Grun.. . .._ eurystoma Cu. excentrica Donx. Auricula Castr. Amphitritis Casrr. : ? coarctata (BRUN). .. . complexa (GREG.) decipiens GRUN.. . ‘ Grunowii Pant...... insecta GRUN.. ..... intermedia (LEwIs). . .- Japonica Brun..... .- Javanica Cu. minuta CL... . Bd 27. N:o 3. BAND 2%, It 114. II 112. IL 127. II 126. Ir 118. . IT 109. IT 113. II 105. TT 119. . IL 105. . II 120. IT 126. . IE 126. . II 122. - IL 123. II 142. Ir 111. II 120. . It 109. . II 142. Ir 129. . I 113. II 112. IT 118. - IT 123. II 126. II 128. II 187. II 102. . . IE 118. . . IT 135. . IL 105. IT 115. IL 129. wo 3. Ostrea Temp. & Br. pulchra Grev. Bacillaria GmeEu. Cistula Hempr. & E. fulva Nrivescu viridis Nirzsch. . .. . Bangia Lynas. micans Lynes. Berkeleya Grev. Adriatica Grun. (AG.). . antarctica (Harv.) GRun. Dillwynii (Ac.) Grun.. Fennica Danyr.. Sragilis GRrev. Susidium Gron. . Harveyana Gru. . Hungarica Pant... . . micans (LYNGB.) GRuN. Neogradensis Pant. . obtusa GREv. var. Adriatica (. AG.) Grun. parasitica (GRIFF.) GRUN. pumila (AG.) Grun. Brachysira Ke. aponina Ke. : Brebissonia Grun. . Boeckii (EuR.) . var. minor CL. . ? Weissflogii Gron. . Caloneis Ct. ae: abnormis (GRuN.) Adenensis Cu. . aemula (A. 8.). var. major Cu. & Grove . alpestris (GRuN.). amica (CL. & Grun.) . e amphisbaena (Bory) . var. Fenzlii Gron. var. fuscata ScHum. var. liburnica Grun. var. subsalina DonK.. . . forma major... . . var. Vukotinovicii Panr.. . Anderssonii Cu. bacillaris (GREG.) Beccariana (GRUN.). . . biclavata CL. & GROVE. . biconstricta (GRovE & Sr.). . biseriata (Petit). . bivittata (PanT.). . . . blanda (A. S.). . . ? Bodosensis (PANT.) . . var. Heribaudii Perr. . Bottnica Ch... . . brevis (GREG.). . . var. distoma GRuN. forma angustior forma bicuneata. . . forma latior . var. vexans GRUN. Campbelli (PEtiT) . Castracanei (GRUN.) var. Caledonica Cu. var. genuina CL.. F var. Petitiana GRUN.. var. clavigera Cu. Clevei (Lerst.) Columbiensis Ct. consimilis (A. 8.) Philippinarum Cu.. . var. Seychellensis Grun. M.S. curvinervia (Grun. )(Alloioneis) ? dispersa Grove & Sr. Dusenii Ct. 26 RRR RHR RRR RHR HR RR RHR HR RRR HH RR RRR RRR 202 Pp. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. ? egena (A. S.) . I 66. var. curta (GRUN.). .... I 52. Californica var. Hungarica elongatula Panne IT 53. var. genuina Cur... .. . I O51. PANG 4 4. 8 (5 da gt ceed II 171. Eugeniae Ct. I 56. var. gibberula (Ka.) I 51. var. menilitica Pant. . II 171. eximia Gruy. M. 8. I 56. var, inflata (GRUN.) se Te -81, cincta ALS. 2... we II 196. fasciata (Lerst.). I 50. var. Jenisseyensis (Grun.) . I 652. circumcincta A. 8. II 178. formicina (GRUN.) | I 66. var. Kjellmaniana Ct. I 52. clavigera O'Mz. : II 185. formosa (GREG.).. .. I 57. var. minuta (GRuUN.) . I 52. coarctata A. SS... 1. ewe II 196. var. Holmiensis Cu. I 58. var.? subventricosa (Grun.) . T 52. coelata ARN. ».. 1.5. I 99. var. interrupta CL. I 58. var. truncatula (GRUN.) I 52. comis A. 8S... 6... eee II 196. var. quadrilineata Grun.. . I 58. var. undulata (GRun.) I 51. composita A. 8. . II 179 Frater Cr. ; I 60. var. ventricosa ((E.] Donx.) I 52. consociata Ke. II 170 Galapagensis Cu. ; I 57, Spathula (Brun). . I 60. conspicua A. 8... It 179 var. contracta GRUN. I 57. — staurophora (GRuy.) (Pleuro- contermina A. S. . II 196 var, Japonica CL, . I 57. sigma)... ... I 56. coronata Bricut II 181 ? Hardmaniana Cu. I 67. var. Adriatica Trump. & Br.. I 56. costata GREG. ww wee II 182 Holstii Cu. : I 62. supergradata (B L 62 costata GREG. var. .. II 181 Kanitzii (PANT.). . I 53, ahiten : G RUN.) . « I 52. var. hexagona Grun.. .. II 182 Kinkeriana (TrRuaN) . . I 65. 9 i oa P BON 3 1 64. var. Kerguelensis (Petir). . II 182 ? kryophila Cu. I 64. Venus vn ANT.) . L 56. var. pacifica (GRuN.). . . . IL 182 Ladogensis Cu. I 62. Werdii 0 mute tetas: I 57. var. typica CL. . IT 182 Lagerheimii Cu. . . I 61. ibe ‘cae pdt be "7 63, crebrestriata GREV. . II 171 latefasciata (GRUN.) I 57. Zanardiniana. (Gru : y ee I 63. cruciata Pant. IL 172 latevittata (PANT.) . IT 67. as , UN: : Oni Be ae ee oe 8 II 177 latiuscula (Ke.) . . . . I 61, Campyloneis Grun. II 166 (pellucida var.?) curvirotunda var. Africana Cu. I 62. Argus. GRUN. . . . II 167 Tremp. & Br. won a LE L9 lepidula (GruN.). . . . TI 50, Grevillei (W. Sm)... It 167. cyclophora Gruy. .... . . II 179 Liber (W. Sm.) 2... 0. I 54. var. Argus GRUN. . .. It 167 var. Challengeri Cu. . II 179 var. bicuneata (GRUN.) . I 55. var. microsticta GRUN. . . It 167 Danica FuécEL . . . . II 186 forma lanceolata I 55. var. obliqua GRun. It 167 decipiens Cu. . II 175 var. Bleischiana (Jan.&Rgu.) I 55. var. regalis Gruv. . II 167. delicata A. 8.. . II 175 var. elongata (GRUN.) I 5b. var. typica Ct. : II 167 denticulata Lrup.-F. II 181 var. excentrica GRUN. I 55, notabilis Brun... .. . IE 168 De Toniana Pant. It 177. var. genuina Cx. ‘ I 54, Ceratoneis E. diaphana W. Sm. . 1 174. 175. forma tenuistriata Cu.. I 54. Fasciola E..... . J 116. dirupta GREG. . ‘ II 175. forma convexa CL. I 54. laminaris E. ; II 153. var. antarctica GRUN. II 175. var. Janischiana (RBH.) .. I 55. Qistula Ct.. I 124. var.? Beltmeyeri Jan. II 175. var. Holubyi (Pant.). . . I a Lorenziana (Grow.) I 124. var. Eran Ch. . a ie var. linearis GRUN. I 54, var decipiens Cu. . IT 175, var. relegata Cu. bag I 54. CURE ue PUES Cah I 152 var. dubia Grun. . .. II 1%5. var. umbilicata GRUN. . I 55. baer Jan we es I 152. var. flexella (Jan.). . . II 175. lobata (ScHWaRTZ). . . I 51. a Gaunt T 152. var. Fulgur (Brun) II 176, Madagascarensis Ch... . I 59. ; OF et eee ‘ var. major GRUN.. . It 175. Musca (GREG.). . =... I 65, Climacosphenia E. . var. Sigma (Pant.) . I 176. var. eurynota CL. . . I 65, linearis Jan. & RBu. I 152. var. sparsipunctata aut) . It 1%. var. intermedia Cu. I 65. Cocconeis (E.) Cu... IL 168. var. typica Cu. II 175. var.? margino-punctata Actioneis Ch. . . 1. . JI 185 discrepans A. 8. II 196. Grove & Sturt. .... I 65. Disconeis Cu]. . II 180 Disculus (ScHum.) . II 172. var. mirabilis (Leup.-F.) . I 65. Eucocconeis Ch. . . . II 173 dispar A. 8. II 196. nubicola (GRuN.). . . . I 58. Heteroneis Ch... . . .. II 182 distans GREG. . . IE 169. 172. obtusa (W. Sm)... 2. J 54. Microneis Ou. . - II 187 ome bela PER... . TI 172. ophiocephala Ch. & GROVE . I 66. Pleuroneis Ch... . . II 181 duplex A 3 «a «-5 DE 178: Patagonica Cu. . 1... . . I 52 adjuncta ALS... It 170 egena A. 3 ee II 196. permagna CL... ...... I 59. aemula A. 8. II 196 euglypta BE... 2 1... II 170. Powellii (Lewis)... . . I 63. aggregata Ke.. II 170 excentrica DONK. . II 166. var. Atlantica Ch... 1... I 63. ambigua Grun... . II 171 eximia ALS... II 181. var. Bartholomei Cu... . . I 63. ie californica . II 171 exoptata A. 8. II 182. var. Egyptiaca GREv. I 63. mygdalina GRun. II 174 extravagans JAN. II 182. var. Galapagensis CL. . I 63. ndesitica Pant. 172. fasciata E. IL 175. var. Vidovichii Grun. . I 63. pala Temp. & Br. It 177 Febigeri Brun. II 196. probabilis (A.S.) 2... . I 56. var. fossilis Ch. . . II 177 jimbriata Bricur . . . . I 148. quadriseriata (Cu. & Grun.) I 64. arctta AS... 1... II 196. Finmarchica Gron. II 174. robusta (GRUN.)...... I 565. arctica CL. i on 175, 176. Finnica FE. ..... x @ 1 95: var. perlonga Panr..... IT 656, armata GREV......... II 150. Jflexella Jan. & Rew. ... . ID 175. var. subelliptica Ch... . I 56. Australis Petir . .. 3 .. . IL 178. flexella Ka... 2... It 179. Samoensis (GRUN.). . . . I 60. Baldjikiana Grun. ... . IL 171. formosa Brun. ....... II 181. var. bimaculata (Pant.) . I 60. Barbadensis Grey. ... . WI 149. fraterna A.S. 2... 2... II 182. Schumanniana (Grun.).... I 53, biflexa A.B... . .. . It 196. Fulgur Brun. . Il 176. var. trinodis Lewis . 7 I 53. Biharensis PaAnT. ...... II 184. gibbocalyx BRuN II 172. ? scintillans (Temp. & Br.). . I 66. var. minor Pant. ..... II 184. = glacialis A. S. II 196. sectilis (A. 8S.) ..... I 60. binotata GruN. ... . . 10148. glacialis Cu. .. 2... . It 41. var. Boryana (Panr.) I 60. biradiata Brun.. . ... 11196. Grantiana Grav... ... . It 171. ?sejuncta A.S... . I 62. blandicula A.S. ...... 11 196. granulata Gree. It 172. Silicula (Exr.) I 51. Boryana Pant... . : II 171. granulifera Grev. II 168. var. alpina CL. ...... I 51. Britannica N@GELI . It 181. grata A.S... . I 172. var. capitata (Lerst.) .. . I 52. Campechiana Grun. . It 196. Grevillei W. Su. Tt 167. KONGL. SV. VET. Grovi A.S... 2... II 197. Grunowii A. S.. . Ir 197. » Pant... .. I 171. Haradae Pant... . . II 171. Harioti Petir ww ws ig II 178. heteroidea Hrzscu . II 178. var. conspicua (A. S.) . . II 179. var. curvirotunda (TEMP. & Br.) II 179. var. sigmoidea (GRuN.) . IL 179. illustris A. 8. : II 197. Imperatria A. 8... II 182. inflera A.S...... II 176. insueta A. 8. II 197. intermedia Per. & Har. IL 169. interrupta GRUN. II 177. Janischii A. S. IL 182. Japomica*A. 8. . II 197. > Pant. II 177. Jimboi Pant... . II 177. Kerguelensis Pent... . IL 182. Kinkeri A. S.. II 166. > Pant. II 178. Kirchenpaueriana Jan & Rau. IL 178. Lagerheimii Cu. II 185. lamprosticta GREG. IL 172. Letourneurii Cu. . . I 176. limbata EZ... ... II 175. lineata E. " II 169. 178. var. minor Pant. IL 169. var. pygmea Pant. II 169. Lorenziana A. 8... It 171. > PER. II 181. lunata Leup.-F. . II 178. Lunyacsekii Pant. II 178. Lyra A. 8. II 180. major GREG. : It 178. minuta CL. . Pa 173, 179. var. alpestris Brun. . . II 180. molesta (Ka.) GRuN...... TI 174 var.amygdalina(BREs.)Grun. II 174 var. crucifera GRUN. . . Il 174 Moronensis A. 8... II 197. Morrisii W. Su. . ae II 171. naviculoides GREV. . . . It 149. Neogradensis Pant. Ir 40. Ningpoensis Perit . Ir 181. Norvegica Grun. : II 180. notabilis A. S. . II 197. > Pant. . ‘ . It 178. notata PETIT ... II 176. nutans A. 8. . . . IT 197. oceanica BE... .. II 175, 178. Oculus Catis Brun. ; II 176. ornata GREG. ... . . I 171. pacifica GRuN. . : . II 182. paniformis BRUN.. . . II 170. ‘parthenopoea PEDIC. . Ir 179. Pediculus E. . . II 169. var. salinarum Pant. ; II 169. pellucida Hrzscn . . . JL 178. var. fossilis Pant. . IT 178. var. minor GRUN. . II 178. var. Nankoorensis Gron. it 178, 197. var. sigmoioda GRUN. I 179. Pelta A. 8S... ‘ 3 II 184. Pensacole A. 8. . oe ge TE 9 perpusilla Payr. II 191, 194. Pethéi Pant... . 24 FLAT, pinnata Grea... .. .. . I 181. Placentula E. ...- . I 133, IT 169. var. baltica DANNF. . . . . II 169. var. euglypta E.. ..... II 170. var. intermedia (Per. & Hin.) II 169. sore ape Ene eae II fe II i var lineata (E.) . AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. var. Rouxii (Hér. & Brun). II 169. var. trilineata (PER. & Hér.) II 169. Portii OMz. . ‘ II 171. precellens A. §. Ir 197. precellens Panr. . I 176. prestans A. 8. II 182. probata A. 8. . II 177. producta A. 8... II 169. SOUR ‘ginata A. ‘s. Tl 177. » JAN.. II 181. eoctiniaeptaats GREG. . II 178. var. intermedia Gron. II 178. punctata E.. F II 169. punctatissima GREv. II 148. pygmea ScHum. II 184. Quarnerensis GRun. II 184. radiata GREG... . II 167. Raéana Pant. II 171. recurva A. 8. II 178. regalis GRrEv. II 167. > Per. . II 169. Regina Jouns . II 182. Rescheltii A. 8. . It 197. reticulata CL. II 180. rivalis A. 8. II 197. robusta Lxup.-F. : II 187. Rouxii Hr. & Brun Ir 169. Schleinitzii Tan. II 197. scutelliformis GRuN. 1I 181. Scutellum E. eo II 170. var. ampliata GRuN. . II 170. var. Baldjikiana GRUN. . II 171. var. Californica GRun. It 171. var. dilatata A. S. II 170. var. Doljensis Pant. II 171. var.? dubia GRUN. II 171. var. fossilis Pant... II 171. var. gemmata A. S. . It 170. var. genuina Cu... . . IL 170 var. maxima (GRuN.) . Il 171 var. minor II 170 var. minutissima GRUN. II 170 var. ornata GRUN. II 170 var. parva GRUN. II 170. var. Raéana (Pant.) . II 171. var. stauroneiformis (Ww. Su.) Ir 170. y Roper...... II 148. semipolita A.S. ..... II 197. septentrionalis GRuN. Il 174 Sigma Pant. .... . II 176. sigmoidea ScHUM. . II 169 sigmo-radians Temp. & Br. II 176 sparsi-punctata Bron... IL 176 spec.? A.B... 1. 2 ee II 180. spec. Brun. & TEMP.. II 177. splendida GREG. . II 148. surirelloides Gun. II 173. tenella A.S. 1... 0. II 178. tenera ScHum. . Tr 169. Thwaitesii W. Sm. : II 179. var. 8 arctica Lerst. . II 179. Totare Brun... . : Il 168. transversa A.S 1... II 178. transversalis GREG. . . . II 170. trilineata Per. & Hie. II 169. Van Heurckii Ch... . II 173, verrucosa BRUN . It 177 versicolor Brun... II 181 vetusta A.S.. .. . II 197 villosa PERAG. II 167 vitrea Brun . II 177 var.? verrucosa (Brun) ‘ Il 177 voluta Brun. . . IL 177 Wrightit O'Mz. . Il 149 BAND 27. w:o 3. 203 Cocconema E. arcticum (Lerst.) I 173. asperum E. I 1%. Australicum A. S. I 176. Boeckii E. ‘ I 125. > GRUN. . J 174. Cistula E. I 1738. var. maculata GRron. I 173. var.? Sibirica GRun. I 173. eee E. I 174. GREG. . I 173. cinnenen me E. I 172. gibbum A. S. 1 171, 176. Hungaricum Grun. I 172. Janischii A. S. I 177. leve (Nz&G.) . I 174. lanceolatum E. I 174. leptoceros E. I 163. Lunula E. I 168. Mexicanum ¥E. I 177. nanum Hrzscu. . I 171. pachycephalum RBH. I 172. parvum W. SM. . I 172. stomatophorum Grun. I 176. var. borealis Grun. I 176. var. fossilis GRun. I 176. var, gibba GRun. I 176. Stuxbergit Cu. I 174. tumidum Brus. I 176. variabile CRAMER . . J 174. Colletonema Bres. bullosum Fior. Mazz. II 141. dubium Grun.? . I 160. exile GRUN. . ‘ D8. eximium THw. : I 118. lacustre (C. Ac.) H. V. H. I 167. neglectum THw. . II 17. subcohaerens Tuw. I 167. viridulum Bris. I 123. vulgare THW.. .. . . I 122. Conferva Lin. rutilans TRENTEP. . I 126. Craticula Grun. Ehrenbergii_Grun. I 110. Perrotettii Grun. I 110. Cymatoneis Cu. I 75. circumvallata Cu. I 76. quadrisulcata (GRUN.) I @. sulcata (GREV.) I 7. Cymbella Ac. I 156. abnormis GRuN. . . i 170, 181. var. antiqua GRun. 1 171. var. fosstlis Pant. I 171. Abyssinica Grun. . I 165. acuta (A. 8.) I 164. acutiuscula Cu. I 164. equalis A. 8.. I 161. equalis W. Su. . I 170. var. diminuta GRUN. . I 170. var. Florentina GRun. I 170. var. hybrida Groun. I 161. affinis Ke... . . IT 171. >» Pant. ca I 177. var. semicircularis Lersr. . I 168. var. tumida Lerst. 1171. alpina GRUN. I 161. Americana var. acuta A. 8. I 164. amphicephala Na&ext1 I 164, 166, 171. var. hercynica A. 8S. I 165. var. subundulata Ct. . I 164. amphioxys (Ke.) Grow. . I 164. anglica Lerst. . .. 1 166. angustata (W. Sm.) . I 161, 170. artica Lerst. s EDS: 204 aspera KE... . 1175, IL 38. var. Bengalensis Grun. . I 176. var.? crassa GRUN. . I 175. var. Dubravicensis Gaon. I 175. var. minor I 175. var. neogena GRUN. I 175. Australica A. S. I 176. Austriaca GRUN. . I 168. var. excisa GRUN. I 168. var. fossilis Pant. I 177. var.? latestriata Pant. I 177. var. prisca GRUN. I 163. Balatonis Grun. I 174. Beccarii Grun. I 172. Bengalensis Gruv. I 176. Beverleiana A. 8S... I 7. borealis Cu. . : I 161. Botellus Lerst. . . I 172. Bouleana Hir. & Br. I 173. Brasiliana Cu. . 2... I 139. Budayiana Pant. (Ehrenber- git var.?) . : I 177. var. gracilior Panr. I 177. capitata Pant. . I 177. Cesatii (Reo) Grun. (Bneyo- nema) . I 160. Chyzerii PANT. I 175. Cistula Hempr. I 178. var. artica Lorsr. ; I 1738. var. fusidium Prr. & Her. I 173. var. Hungarica Pant. I 177. var. maculata A. S, . I 173. var. Sibirica Grun. I 173. var.? truncata Brun ; I 173. Clementis Pant. (Cistula var. 2) I 177. conifera Brun & Hip. I 177. criophila Caster. . II 135. Cucumis A. S. . I 165. curta A. 8. I 178. cuspidata Ke. 5 I 166. var. obtusiuscula GRun. I 166. epmibitorms (Ac.) Ke. I 172. Pant. . I 177. ae. producta Pant. . I 177. delecta A. 8. _ I 165. delicatula Ke. . T 161. Ehrenbergii Ke. I 165. Ehrenbergit Ke. var. I 165. Ehrenbergti forma Lerst. . I 167. var. delecta A. S. I 165. var. minor . I 165. elegans CRAMER I 162. Encyonema Hut. I 168. Erdobényiana Pawn. I 1683. excisa var. major Gurw. I 172. Alexella Ke. : II 179. Frieseana Grun. I 140. gastroides Ke. I 17. forma minor. . I 175. var.2 Dubravicensis Grun. 1 175. var. neogena GRUN. I 17. gigantea Pant. ‘ I 175. (Encyon.) gracilis RBH. . I 169. (Cistula var. ?) Grunovii Pant. I 177. Hauckii V. Hex. . : I 164 (Encyon.) hebridica Brun. . I 169. Helvetica Ke. I 172, 174. var.? Balatonis GRun. I 174. var. curta CL. . I 174. var. fossilis Pant. . I 177. Hercynica A. 8. I 165. heteropleura E. I 166. var. minor I 167. var. subrostrata . I 167. hevesensis Pant.. . I 175. Hungarica Pant. I 163. hybrida Grun. . T 166. incerta Grun. I 170. var. naviculacea Grun. : I 170. (Encyon.?) inelegans Cu. I 168. inflata Pant. . I 177. integra A. 8. I 141. Janischii A.S. ...... I 177. Jimboi Pant. (C. Cistula?) I 177. (Encyon.) Jordanii Grun. . I 169. Kamtschatica Grun.. I 177. Kavnensis Pant. I 163. Kochii (Cist. var. maculata 2) PANT. eo Se Se ee I 177. (Encyon.) lacustris Ac. i 167. levis N@GELI ABT 102. lanceolata E. : I 174. var. aspera BRon I 1%. var. cornuta (E.). 174. var. fossilis Pant. T 174, 178. var. robusta Pant. I 178. Lapponica Grun. I 165. lata Grun. . . I 165. leptoceros (E.) Grun.. I 162. var. angusta GRUN. I 163. var. excisa PETIT I 163. var. minor Grun. I 163. Lindsayana Grey. I 164. lunata W. Su. I 169. lunula Res. T 169. maculata Ke. . I 1738. > W. Sm. I 168. marina CASTR. . II 135. marina Pant. (Amphora angu- stata var.) I 178. Mexicana E. I Fi: II 38. microcephala GRUN. I 160. minuscula GRun. I 160. minuta HItse . I 169. Mélleriana Groun. : I 167. (Pisciculus var. ?) naviculacea GRU. . I {70. naviculacea var. amphiouys GRUN........ I 164. naviculiformis AUERSW. I 166. naviculiformis Hxr. I 164. Neupauert Panv. I 168. (Encyon.) Norvegica Grow. I 169. obtusa GREG. I 170. > Pan. I 178. var. diminuta GRuN. I 170. obtusiuscula (Ke.?) Grun. I 161. Oregonica CL. . ; I 167.. pachyptera Panr. I 178. parva (W. Sm.) . I 172. (cymbiformis var.) parva W. Su. I 172. parva var. Hungarica Grun. I 172. Pauli Per. & Hur. I 178. ? pediculus Ke. . II 105. Peragalli Pant. . I 178. perfecta Pant. (C. cymbifor- mis var. ?) ae ee 178. Pisciculus Gree. var. incerta GRuN.. . Oe . 1170. plutonica Pane. (C. aapere var.?) . ; I 178. preclara Panv. I 178. (Encyon.) prostrata BERK. I 167. punctifera CL... 2... I 176. pusilla Grun. Bol I 162. Rakéezyana Pant. (C. Cistula var. maculata ?) . 178. Reinhardtii Grun. . . I 162. rupicola Grun. I 162. salina Panr. I 176. Pp. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. salinarum GRuN. T 171. Schmidtii Grun.. I 161. Scotica W. Sm. . . I 169, 174. Silesiaca BLEISCH. .... . I 169. simplex Pant. (C. ventricosa?) I 178. sinuata GREG. sea Mee AE LO: var, antiqua GRUN. I 171. var.? fossilis Pan‘. I 171. spuria Ch... 2... eee I 166. Staubii Panr. (C. Fepeeeeies var.?) 1... 2a I 178. stauroneiformis Lerst. . I 165. Stodderi Ch... . I 163. stomatophora GRUN.. . . I 1%. Sturii Groun. I 174. Stuxbergii Cu. I 173. suavis PANT. .... 7... I 178. subequalis GRUN. . I 170. var. Florentina Groun. . I 170. var. incerta GRuN. pea i: 200; Szontaghii Pant. (Amphora angusta var. ?) ‘ I 178. (Encyon.) Triangulum (B) ; I 168. truncata GREG. ‘ I 171. tumida Br&s. I 176. var. borealis Grun. I 176. var. fossilis Grun. I 176. var. gibba Grun. I 176. tumidula Gron. : I 171. var. salinarum GRUN. I 171. (eueyon.) turgida Gree. I 168. > Pant. . I 178. ay ver. excisa Prtir . . I 163. turgidula Grun. . . 1171, 174. valida Pant. (C. aspera var. ” I 178. variabilis Warr. I 169. variabilis (CRAMER) Her. var. artica Lerst.. .. 1173. var. Botellus Lersr. . I 172. vegeta Pant. : I 178. (Encyon.) ventricosa Ke. . I 168. var. obtusa GRuN. I 169. var. ovata GRUN. I 169. Yarrensis (A. 8S.) I 162. Cymbosira Ke. Agardhit Ke. II 194 minutula Gron. II 189 Diadesmis Ke. biceps ARnotr I 182. convervacea Ke... I 183. Flotowtt Grun. . I 182. gallica W. Su.t . TI 150. peregrina W. Sm. . I 183. seminotdes Cu. & GROVE. I 139. Dickieia Berk. ulvacea BERK.. . Dictyoneis Cu. Jamaicensis (GREV.) var. gigantea Cu. marginata (Lewis) Cu. forma elongata . var. Cleveii Brun. . var. commutata CL. var. gigantea CL. var. intermedia CL. . . ‘ var. Janischii (Castr.) Cu. . var. spectatissima (GREVv.) var. typica CL. : mastogloidea (Pant.) naviculacea Cu. ‘ panduriformis Cu. . Pantocsekii Cu. bales rugosa (TEmp. & Brun) spectatissima (GREvV.) Cu. 129. RRR RAH R HHH RHRRHH eo fuare KONGL. SV. VET. subconstricta Cu. I 81. Thumii Ch... .. I 81. Dimeregramma Ratrs. Baldjikii Watxer & Cuase . II 187. Diploneis FE... ... . I 7. Adonis (Brun)... .. I 8. var. Ganymedes Ch. . . I 85. var. gibbosa Brun. . . I 85. var. Oamaruensis Ct. I 85. advena (A.S.)... . I 8i. var. parca A. SS... 2... I 81. var. recta Brun & Hip... I 8i1. var. Sansegana GRun. I 81. estiva (DonK.) ..... I 94. forma a... I 94. forma ~ I 94. areolata Ch... . ‘ I 91. binaria (A. S.).. 2... I 86. ? bioculata (GRUN.). . I 80. var. vittata Ch... . I 80. biseriata Ch... 1... . I 102. var. Galapagensis Cu. . I 103. var. lata CL. I 108. Boldtiana Cu. ; I 92. bombiformis CL... .. . I 87. bomboides (A. 8.) . . I 88. var. Madagascarensis Cu. I 88. forma minor Cu.. . I 89. var. moesta A. S. I 89. Bombus FE. . . ala I 90. var. bullata Cu. we I 90. var. densestriata A. S. I 90. var. egena A. §.. . I 90. borealis (GRUN.) . . . I 96. var. subconstricta Cu. I 96. Campylodiscus (GRUN.). . I 99. Chersonensis (GRuN.) . I 91. Chinensis Ch... . . ; 1 89. circumnodosa (BRUN). .. . I 83. Clepsydra Ch. . . 2, |b 8h coarctata A.S. .... I 86, 102. coffeiformis (A.8.). .... I 81. var. densestriata A. S.... I 81. var. subcircularis A. 8. I 81. compar (JAN)... ..... I 81. congrua (JAN.). .. .. IT 82. constricta (GRUN.) . . I 83. forma minuta....... IT 84. var. distans CL. . . I 84. contigua (A. 8.) .... I 82. var. Eudoxia A. 8. I 83. var. Eugenia A. 8. I 83. var. Zechenteri Pant. I 82. Crabro (E.) ......... I 100. var.? confecta A. S. I 102. var. Didelta Ch... . I 101. var.? Dirhombus A. S. I 102. var. expleta A. S.. . T 100. var.? Gibelii A. S.. . . I 102. var. gloriosa Brun . I 101. var. Hungarica Ch. . . . I 101. var. limitanea (A. 8.) . I 100. var. minuta Ch....... I 102. var. multicostata GRrun. I 102. var. Nankoorensis Grun. I 102. var. O’Meari Grun. M. S. I 102. var. Pandura (BREB.) I 100. var.? Pandurella Cu. I 101. var. perpusilla Cu... . . I 102. var. separabilis A. S. I 101. var. subelliptica Cx. I 101. var.? suspecta A. S. T 101. Cynthia A. S.. . I 82. var. elongata a I 82 AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. var. minuta CL. . var. Sibirica Cu. . Dalmatica (GRuN.) . . var. Vulpecula A. 8. . Debyi (Pant.). .. . ; var. elliptica Ch... . 1. . demta (A. 8.) as didyma (E.)_. I Dirrhombus (A. ) discrepans (A. §.) divergens & Soe. ae var. digrediens A. 8.. Domblittensis (Grun.) elliptica (Ke.) . var. grandis GRuUN. var. Ladogensis Cu. a var. Ostracodarum Pant. . Entomon (E.) . al fale fam 88 exemta (A. S8.). 2.2.2... var.? crabroniformis GRUN. . var. digrediens Cu. Finnica (E.) Cu... . fusca (GREG.) . . var. delicata A. S._ var. Gregorii Cu. var. Japonica Cu. var. nigricans Pant... . . var. Norvegica Cu. . var. Oamaruensis CL. var. Pelagi A. 8. j var. pseudofusca Pant... . var. subfusca Pant. . . . var. subrectangularis Ct. . var. tenuipunctata Ch... var. Van Heurckii Ch... . gemmata (GREV.) : var. fossilis Pant... ... var. Madagascarensis Cu. . var. minor CL. Se var. Oamaruensis Cu. : var. pristiophora Jan... . forma minuta CL. . . var. punctata CL. var. spectabilis Grun. . . var. typica Cu. gemmatula (GRUN.). . . . var. Beyrichiana A. § forma minor Pant. var. Grunowii Cu... . . var. Hungarica Cu. var. lacrimans A. §.. var. Moravica Cu. . Greffii (GRUN.) forma minor. Grindleri (A. 8.) Guinardiana (Brun) Hudsonis (Groun.) hyalina (Donx.) . . hyperborea (GRuv.) var. excisa A. 8. incurvata (GREV.) inscripta Ch. . . . . interrupta (Ke.) ..... var. clancula A. 8. var.? Gorjanovicii Pant. var. Tallyana GRUN. . . var.? Wiesnerii Pant. var. Zanzibarica GRUN. . Kiitzingii (Grun.) var. bullata Ch... . laciniosa (A. S.). . . Lesinensis (GRUN.). . Letourneuri Cu. . . lineata (Donx.) forma pusilla Ct. pa pec a aera ae ah acta atte Hane ties al enc cnc mea oe) for BAND 27. w:o 3. 205 litoralis (Donk.) . I 94. var. hospes A. 8. I 94. major Cu. I 96. var. permagna Pant. . I 97. Mauleri (Broun.) I 98. var. Borussica Cu. I 98. mediterranea (GRUN.) . I 82. microtatos (Pant.) I 95, II 196. var. Christianii Tu. CHRISTIAN’ I 96. mirabilis (CastR.) . .. . I 97. munda (JaAN.):. ... I 82, musceformis (GRUN.) . I 83. var. constricta GRUN. I 83. var. genuina Cu... . I 83. var. placida A. S.. . I 83. var. pusilla Cu... . I 83. nitescens (GREG.) I 97. var. fossilis Pant... . I 97. var. Fuegiana Petit I 97. var. serratula GRUN.. . . I 97. notabilis (GREV.)...... I 93. forma expleta A.S.... . I 93. forma genuina. . I 93. oculata (BREB.) .... I 92. ornata (A.8)...... I 102. ovalis (HILSE). .... I 92. var. oblongella Na&GELI. . I 93. var. pumila Grun.. . I 92. Papula (A.S.). 2... I 85. Parma Cu. . I 95. Platessa Ch. & ‘GROVE fo Mee Oke Prestes (A. S.) I 87. prisca (A. S.) . I 103. Puella (Scxum.) Cu. I 92. Schmidtii Ch... ... I 389. Smithii (BrB.) ...... I 96. splendida (GREG.) I 87. var. diplosticta Grun. . I 88. var.? Elesdiana Pant. . . I 88. var.? Haynaldii Pant. I 88. var.? prominula A.S.... I 88. var. Puella A. S. I 88. subcincta (A. S8.). . . . I 86. subnuda (A. 8.) ... I 81. var. densestriata. . . . I 82. suborbicularis (GREG.) . . I 81. subovalis Ch. ..... I 96. Szontaghii (Pant.). . I 99. vacillans (A. S.). . . I 95. formaa...... I 95. forma 8 ....... I 95. var Corsicana Grun.. ... I 96. var, delicatula Ch... . . I 95. var.? minuta GRUN. I 95. var. renitens A. S.. . I 95. vagabunda (BRUN)...... I 103. Vespa OG.3. 60 ok @ a ae 97. Vetula (A.S.).... I 85. Weissflogii (A. 8.) . I 91. Disconeis Cr. ...... It 180 Donkinia Ratrs. angusta (DonxK.) RALFs I 120. antiqua Grove & Sr. I 120. carinata (Donk.) Ratrs ... I 44. compacta RauFs.... . I 120. minuta (Donx.) Raurs . I 120. recta (DonxK.) GRoun. T 120. var. intermedia PER. I 120. reticulata Norm. I 465. subflecuosa GRUN.. .... I 119. Thumit Per. .... I 120. Doryphora Ke. Boocksi 2 aS) re I 125, 206 Pp. T. Echinella. geminata Lynes. Soe olivacea LynGB.. . . 1... Encyonema, Auerswaldit RBH... ... . caespitosum Ke. : e var. obtusa GRUN.. . . var. ovata GRUN. . . Gerstenbergeri GRuN. gracile RBH. .. 1... . hebridicum (GruG.) GRun. . Lunula (E.) Grun. maximum WaRrM. 2.5 paradoxum Ka... 2... . prostratum (BERK.) RALFS. . » Ke. . ‘ ‘ triangulum Grams 4 eA turgidum (GREG.) GRuN.. . . Ongert GRuN.. . 2... ventricosum (K@.). . . ? Yarrense A. 8S. . Eucocconeis Cu... Frustulia Ac. a acrosphaeria Bris. acuminata Ke... . appendiculata Ac. attenuata Ke. cofferformis Ac. > Ke. ee cuspidata Ke... .. 1... eumnbiformts Ke. vessa KG. . 2. 2 wee tea Ag. inemnoalta LEewis . . ae var. incomperta LEwis. . . var. Julieni Brun & HER. var. Labuensis Ch... . . lanceolata AG. lata Bris. : Lewisiana (Grev.) maculata Ke... 2... major Ka. oblonga Ke. . pelliculosa Bree. pellucida Ke... a rhomboides E.. ....... var. amphipleuroides Grun. var. lineolata E. var. Oregonica CL. . var. Saxonica Ru. var. viridula Bris. ig de Saxonica RBH. ....... spec. GRUN.. 2. 2. eee Styriaca GRun. : torphacea A. Braun. . ventricosa Ke. vulgaris Tow... . var. asymmetrica Cu. Gloeonema E. Leibleinii Ac. . Triangulum E. Gomphoneis Ct. . elegans (GRUN.) herculeanum E. : var. clavata Ch... .. var. robusta GRun. Mamilla (E.) Gomphonema Ac. .. . abbreviatum (Ac.) Ka... .. (abbreviatum var.) Brasiliense acumipatum E. forma Brébissonii Ke. forma coronata E... . forma pusilla Grun. . . I 186. I 187. T 168. I 168. I 169. I 169. I 175. forma trigonocephala E. I 184. var. Clavus (BREB.) . . I 184. var. elongata W. Sm. I 184. var. intermedia Grun.. . . I 184. var. laticeps (E.) . 1... I 184. var. pusilla Grun. I 184. var. submontana Gutw. I 184. var. Turris E.... I 184. cequale GREG... . I 181. Aistuarii Cu. I 188. affine Ke. . 1... I 183. angustatum Ke. otirte, AST: var. equalis GREG... .. . I 181. var. intermedia. . . I 181. var. obtusata Ke. ees FETS, var. producta GRUN.. . . I 181. var. Sarcophagus GREG. I 181. var. subequalis Grun.. .. I 181. var. undulata Grun..... I 181. angustum BREB. I 181. antarcticum OME. I 189. apicatum E......... I 185. arcticum GRuN.. ... . I 188. asymmetricum Gutw. I 170. Augur Hy aa 8 a ae ee a I 185. var. Gautiert V. Hox... . I 185. auritum A. BRAUN ..... I 182. Balticum Cu... ... .. I 188. Bengalense Grun....... I 183. Berggrenii Ct. . I 185. Brasiliense BRUN. 5 I 189. var. Demerare Grun. M. g. I 189. Brébissoniti Ka... . I 184. calearewm Cu. & M.. .. I 188, 188. Cantalicum Brun & Hkr. I 189. var. costalonga Brun & Hir. I 190. forma major Brun & Her. . I 190. capitatum E,. 1... I 186. clavatum E. I 186. commune RBH. ae T 181. commutatum GRuN.... . I 183. constrictum E. I 186. var. capitata E. I 186. var. subcapitata . . . I 186. coronatum EB... 1... I 184. cristatum RALFS ...... -I 185. curvatum Ke... .. 2... . II 165. curvirostrum Temp. & Br... I 186. Cygnus Scoum. ...... I 182. > Srrész... I 183. Cymbella Brun ..... I 188. dichotomum Ke. ...... I 182. (gracile var.?) dichotomum SW SSMS ocd ees oe, wae iget as Se, Ber I 182. dichotomum § sessile Ka. I 183. Dubravicense Pant... ... I 187. elegans GRUN. . I 7. elongatum W. 8m. . . IT 184, Eriense GRuN.. ...... I 78, 180. exiguum Ke. ..... : T 188. var. arctica GRUN.. .. . I 188. var. digitata (Ka.) : I 188. var. minutissima (Ke.) I 188. var. pachyclada Bris. I 188. var. perpusilla Grun.. . . I 188. var. telographica (Ka.) I 188. fractum Scum... .... II 166. geminatum LyncB....... I 186. var. curvirostrata Temp.& Br. I 186. var. hybrida Grun. . .. . I 186. var. Sibirica Grun. . I 186. gracile B.. . 2... I 182. var. aurita A. Braun . . I 182. var. cymbelloides Grun. M. 8. I 182 var. dichotoma Ke. I 182 CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. var.? lanceolata Ke... . I 183. var. major GRUN. . . I 183. var. naviculacea W. Sm. I 1838. gracile Scpum. ....... I 181. gracillimum Scuum. . I 181. hebridense GREG. I 182. Herculeanum E. es I 7. var. robusta GRUN. J 74. Hungaricum Pant. I 182. hyalinum Het. . I 188. insigne GREG. . I 183. intricatum Ke. . I 181. var. dichotoma Ke. T 182. var. fossilis Pant. . I 182. var. pumila GRUN.. . I 181. var. Vibrio E.. . I 182. Italicum Ke. «1... . I 186. Kamtschaticum GRuy. . . I 188. var. Californica GRuN. T 189. var. Sibirica Grun. I 189. Kinkerianum Pant. . I 184. Lagenula V. Hex. . T 180. > Scnoum.... J 181. lanceolatum E. od I 188. var. Bengalensis. . . . . . I 188. var. insignis GREG. T 183. longiceps (E.). . . I 183. var. subclavata . . I 183. Mamilla BE... 2... T %: marinum W. Sm. . II 165. Mexicanum Gron. I 184. micropus Ke. I 180. minutissimum Ke. .... . II 165. montanum var. subclavata GRuN. . ‘ 183. Mustela E. soci I 184, naviculoides StRGSE. ... . Il 16. nasutum EB... . . I 185. olivaceum Lynew. ... . I 187. var. baltica Cu. . I 188. var. calcarea Ch... . I 188. var. fossilis Pant. . I 187. var. salinarum Pant... . I 187. var. stauroneiformis Grun. I 188. var. staurophora Pant. T 187. var. tenellum Ke. I 188. (Oregonicum var. *) maximum GRUN. F 2) JR 98: oxycephalum COs. . 1 187. pachycladum BREB...... I 188. parvulum Ke. : I 180. var. exilis GRuN. ..... I 180. var. exilissima Grun. . . I 180. var. lanceolata. ..... I 180. var. micropus Ke. I 180. var. subcapitata. . . . I 180. var. subelliptica Cu. . . . . I 180. var.? tergestina Grun. I 181. Peruvianum GrRun. . I 189. pohlieeforme Ka. I 186. Puiggarianum Grow. . I 189. var, equatorialis Cu. I 189. pulvinatum A. Braun . T 182. Sagitta Scrum. ‘I 182, 184. salinarum Pant. . : ii 187. var. staurophora Pant. I 187. salsa Pant... ; I 187. Sarcophagus Grea. I 181. semiapertum GRuN. T 182. var. tergestina GRUN. . . I 181. sphaenelloides Scuum.. . . I 188. spherophorum E. I 185. subclavatum Grun. I 183. var. acuminata Per. & Her. I 184. var. montana ScHum. I 184. KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 2/7. w:o 3. 207 var. Mustela KE. . 2... . I 184. var. minutula GRUN.. . . T1117. egregia A.S... . II forma curvata Brun & Per. I 184. var. nodifera Grun. . I 117. electa A.S... . I var. obliqua Grun. I 184, strigilis (W. Sm.) I 115. elegans Lewis. II subramosum Ke. I 186, 188. var.? Capensis Prtir. I 115. elliptica Ac. : ._ I subtile BE... ....... I 182. var. Smithii Groun. J 115. var. Australis Cr. . . I var. Sagitta Scuum. . I 182. var.? tropica GRUN. I 145. var. Dansei (THw.) II 146, Szaboi Panr. . 1183. Temperei Ch. ..... T1418. var. punctata Cu. Il tenellum Ke. 1188. tenuissimum W. Sm... . 1117. elongata Levup.-F. . Il > WES Me | cee eae ae T 182. var. hyperborea Grun.. . I 117. entoleia Ch... . 1... II transsylvanicum Pant... .. I 187. var. subtilissima Grun. I 117. Erythrea GrunN..... Il trigonocephalum E. T 184. Terryanum (PER.) . I 114. var. biocellata Grun.. . II turgidum E. I 186. Wansbeckii (DonkK.) I 119. var.? interrupta (Hrzscn.) . II Turris E.. I 184. var. Peisonis Grun. T 119. euxina CL. as I var. apiculata Gann I 188. var. subsalina Prr. T1119. exarata Ch... . II validum Cr. . : I 185. Hantzschia Gron. exigua Lewis . II var. elongata Cu. -. 1185. amphioxys (E.) Grun.. . . IL 141. fallax Ch... 2... . I ventricosum GREG... .... I 186. marina (DonxK.) GRUN. . II 141. flexuosa CL... II var. maxima CL... ... 14187. Heteroneis Ch. ..... II 182. Floridana Cr. II var. ornata GRUN...... I 187. Libellus Ch... ... I 151. Floridea Cu. II var. Tasmanica Cu. I 187. aponinus (DE Tont) I 154. Foliolum Brun. . . Il Vibro BR. ge eee ee s I 182. Licmophora Ae. Funafutensis A.8.. 2... II ? vitreem GRUN. . YI 8&8 minuta Ke. . I 189. ?(Diadesmis) gallica (W. em) II Gyrosigma Hassabn ..... I 112. Mastogloia THWATTES . II 142. Goésii Ch. . ... . . Il acuminatum Ke... ..... I i14 acuta GRUN.. 6... . 00, II 156. Grevillei W. Sm... ..... II var. Brébissonii Grun.. . . -I 114. acutiuscula GRUN.. .. 0. . II 157. Grovei Cu. . . se II var. curta GRUN. ..... I 114. var. Labuensis Cu. II 157. Grundleri A.S. 2... Il var. gallica Grun.. .... J 114. affinis Cu. . II 151. Grunowit A. 8S... 2... 241 angustum DonK........ I 120. affirmata Levp.-F. II 155. Horvathiana Grov. . II var. Sumatrana CL. . I 120. amygdala Lrup. Bie sitio II 151. = inequalis Cu. : II (Rhoicos.) arcticum Cu... . . I 119. angulata Lewis . $5 II 147. interrupta Hrzscu . ree Ut attenuatum (Ke.) ...... T 115. > IPERS ee Ye eo ae II 157. intersecta A. S.. . II var. scalprum GaAILL. & Temp. I 116. var. pusilla Grun.. . II 147. Japonica CL . 1... II Baileyi (GRuN.) ...... I 114. antiqua Ch... . . . IT 159. Javanica Ch. . I balticum (E.) .. 2... 2... I 118. > Scuum. II 152, 153. TJelinekiana GRun. II var. Californica Grun. . . . I 119. apiculata GRUN... . . I 147. Jelinekii Groun. F II var. similis Grun...... I 119. apiculata W. Sm. II 157. var. fossilis Ch. . . . I var. Sinensis FE... .... I 119. Arata Che wh ae Baca a oS II 156. var. marina (Jan. & RBH. ?) Cu. IL (Rhoicos.) compactum (Grev.) I 120. asperula Grun. M.S. . . II 146, 162. var. Italica Broun . II var. constricta GRuN. T 120. ‘var. Gilberti (A. 8.) . 11147. Kariana Grow. .. . uu diaphanum Cu. I 115. Bahamensis Cu. . . : II 155. Kellerii (Pant.) . . . : II diminutum Grun. ..... I 119. Balkanica Brun II 157. Kerguelenensis Castr.. . . II var. constricta GRuN. I 119. baltica GRUN.. . . II 156. Kinkeritt Pant... .. II distortum (W. Sm.) ..... I 116. var.? Citrus Cu. II 157. Kinsmanni Lewis. . I var. Parkeri Harris . I 116. Baldjikiana Grun. . .. II 158. Kjellmanii Cu. II var. stauroneoides Grun. I 116. var. bullata Cu. II 158. Labuensis Ch... 1 2... II Fasciola (E.) .......-.- I 116. bisuleata Grun...... II 155. laminaris EF. ...... II var. arcuata Donk. I 116. var. Corsicana (GRuN.) II 155. var. intermedia Cu. II var. sulcata Grun. . I 116. Braunii Grun.. ..... II 158. lanceolata THw... . II var. tenuirostris Grun.. . . I 116. var. Baldjikiana Grun. II 158. var. GRUN. ..... 2. I Febigerii (GRuN.) . . I 115. var. pumila GRUN. II 157. var. amphicephala Danner. . II (Rhoicos.) glaciale Cu. I 115. Brunit ALS... . «TD 161. var. elliptica Dann. I Grovei Ch. . 2... ee I 118. bullata ALS... ee II 154. var. Hungarica Pant. . II Kiitzingii (GruN.) ...... J 115. (Stigmaphora) capitata Brun II 151. Lancettula Cn. 2... 1. II lineare (GRUN) .. 1... I 120. capitata Grev. ....... It 152. (Orthoneis) latericia A. 8... II var. longissima Cu. .... I 120. Castracanei BRUN ...... II 146. lemniscata Luup.-F...... II litorale (W. Sm.)....... I 116. Chersonensis A. 8. II 161. Leudugeri Cu. & Grove... II macrum (W. Sm.) ...... I 117. Citrus Ch... ... IT 157. lineata CL. & GROVE... . . II (Rhoicos.) mediterraneum Cu. . I 121. Clevei BRUN ........ I 31. lineolata A. 8S... . It var. calcarea BRUN I 121. cocconeiformis GRUN. II 150. Macdonaldii Grev..... I var. Chinensis Cu... I 121. concinna A. 8. ‘ II 161 marginulata Gruy. . dhe x) ILE plagiostomum (GRuN.) 1118. constricta Cu... . II 154 Mauritiana Brun... .. II prolongatum W. Sm... . I 117. Corsicana GRUN. ...... II 155 maxima GRUN. . .. 2... II var. closteroides Grun.. . . I 117. Craveni (LEup.-F.) . : II 159. minuta GREV......... II (Donkinia) rectum Donk... . I 119. cribrosa GRUN. ..... II 148, 149. neogena Pant. ....... II var. intermedia PEr. . I 120. cruciata (LEuD.-F.)...... II 159. obesa Ch... . 1... 2.02. Il var. minuta DonK.. .... I 120. euspidata Ch... . . . a it 154. obscura Leup.-F. ...... I var. Thumii Cu... .... I 120. Dansei Tow......... II 152. obtusa Pant... 2. ea II (Rhoicos.) robustum Groun. . . I 121. var. elliptica ms AG.) . IT 152. var. fluviatilis Brun II var. inflexa Per. ..... I 121. Debyi Cu... 2) 1 ew eee II 158. OVALS AS Site ae ue os II scalproides RBH... ..+.-. I 118. decora Lrup.-F. . II 159. ovata GRUN. 6 1 ee eee II var. (Endosigma) eximia Taw. I 118. 2? decorata Grun. . . I 62. panduriformis CL. . 1... . I var. obliqua GRUN. . I 118. decussata Grun. M. S. . . 11147. paradoxa Grun........ II spectabile (GRUN.) - . . ++ - 1118. delicatula Ch... . . . If 146. = peracuta Jan.. . II Spencerii (W. Sm)... =... - I 117. divergens A.S.... It 161. Peragalli Co. . . 2. , II var. exilis GRUN. ..... IT 117. 2? dubia Cu... II 162. Pethéi Pan. Il 208 (Phaitiana) CastR. ..... I 146. Pisciculus Ch... .. 2... II 157. Portierana GRUN. ..... II 153. pulchella Ch. . . . . II 158. pusilla Gron.. . wie ESE, pumila GRUN.. ... .. If 157. quinquecostata GRuN. . . . II 161. var. concinna (A. 8.) ... DI 161. var. elongata Leup.-F.. . . II 161. var. Kerguelenensis (Castr.) TI 161. var. Neapolitana Brun. II 161. var. rhombica Cu. . . : TI 161. radians A. §.. F II 162. remota A. S. .. II 162. ? reticulata Gru. : I 30. var. Japonica Brun. .. I 31. rhombica Ch... . . . Ir 155. rhomboidalis Pant. . . Ir 158. Rhombulus Cu. ‘ . It 150. Rhombus se RA eyich Ir 146. rimosa CL. . . fg II 155. rostellata GRUN. . II 147, 162. rugosa TEMP. & BR... . IT 282 Sansibarica A. 8. . .. I 161. seriata CL. & GROVE. . . Ir 161. Seychellensis Grun. . . Ir 154. sinuata A.S.. 2... .., II 161. smithii Tuw..... 2 es GL 1b?! var. abnormis Grun.. . . . II 152. yar. amphicephala Grun.. . II 152. var. Doljensis Pant... . II 152. var. intermedia Grun... . II 152. var. lacustris Grun.. II 152. var. lanceolata Grun. .. It 152. var.? pusilla Grun... . . II 151. Smithit @ Taw. ..... II 152. sp.? PERAG.. «+ . . I 157. squamosa PGS. , awe & Ir 155. submarginata CL. & GRUN. . Il 160. suborbicularis Leup.-F. . II 157. sulcata Ch. . .. . II 147. Szontaghii Pant. ...... II 147. Temperei CL. ...... Ir 160. Thaitiana CastrR. . I 146, 147. tumescens A.S. 1... 1... II 162. undulata GRUN. ... . II 155. Mastoneis CL...... I 194. biformis (Grun.). ...... I 194. Microneis Cr. ..... II 187. Microstigma Cu. . es I 151. Monema GrREv. prostratum BrERK.. . .. I 167. Monogramma E. Smithiana GREv. II 193. ventricosa EB. . . . IT 192. Navicula Bory. Abaujensis Pant... . II 838. abnormis CasTR. . . I 90. > Grun.... . . I 61. abrupta (GREG.). ©... . Il 61. (molaris var.?) Abyssinica GRUONE \ siisa Sure eae or a IT 650. acrosphaeria BRuB. .... . Il 86. var. Sandvicensis A. 8S... II 86. Acus Cp... I 106, 133. Adonis BRuN ...... I 85. var. gibbosa BRuN. ... . I 8b. Adriatica Grun. I 85, 97. aemula GRUN........ I 57. var.? major Cu. & Grove. I 57. aestiva DonK........ I 94. Aestuarit Brig... ... . I 42. affinis BE. 1... eee I 68, 69. Pele UDI A soe et coke «ow aa hese 68. var. amphirhynchus Gaon. I 68, 69. P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE var. undulata Grun. ... I res Leup.-F..... II binensis Grun. .. ... II algida GRUN. .... 2 4% JL Allmaniana GREG. ..... II alpestris GRUN. . . ak var. Tatrica Gutw.. .. I Alpha Cn. 3 6 6% & 2% 4 II alpina W. Sm. fo ambigua EB... 2... ew I Americana EK... ...... I var. bacillaris Per. & Hir. I forma minor Per. & Hir. I amica Cu. & GRUN. ..... I Amicorum Grun M.8..... II var. Madagascarensis CL. . Il ammophila GRuN....... II var. degenerans GRUN. . + I var. flanatica (Grun.) . . . II var. intermedia Gron. . . . II forma minuta Gruy. . . 2 amoena CL. ....... amphibola Ct. . I 1836, 11 93, amphiceros KG. 4 eeu ss iat amphigomphus E. é SE amphioxys E.. . I amphirhynchus W. Sm. I amphisbaena Bory I var. Fenzlit Grun I var. subsalina I Amphora Brun. . . I ampliata E. , I Anderssonit Ch... I andesitica Pant. 5 tek anglica RabFs. ....... II var. minuta Ch... .... II var. subcruciata GRuUN.. . Il var. subsalina Grun.. . Il var. subsalsa GRUN. . . I angulata QucK.. . : I angulosa GREG... . 3 . . I var. 6 GREG. . cae? II angusta GRUN. ....... II angustata W. Sm... .. I annulata GRUN. .. . Bip fe cor cae Anthracis Brun & CL... . . II aperta Schum. .. .. II apiculata GREG... . . > Brip., . y II var. naculifera GRun . I Apis BE... .... : I 85, (Libellus) aponina Ke... . I appendiculata Ke. I 160, ‘ll 75, var. trrorata GRUN.. . II approximata Grev. ..... II forma typica ...... II var. Couperi (Bam.) . . .. II var. Kittoniana A. S.... II var. substauroneiformis GRUN: Se Ba ook GE 4 II Aquitaniae Brun & Hr. .. II var. undulata Brun. . . . II Arabica GRUN. ....... Il Aradina Pant... . . II arata GRUN.. ....... II arctica CL... 2... oak arcuata Pant. dep 3 . IT arenaria DonK....... II arenariaeformis Panr. . .. II arenicola GRUN. . . . =e EE Areschougiana GRUN. rae arverna Per. & Hér. .... II aspera BE... 2... ee | var. Hungarica Pant.. . I var. intermedia Grun.. . I NAVICULOID DIATOMS. asymmetrica Pant. > Cu. . atomoides Grun. Atomus GRUN. > NAEGELI Aucklandica Groun. Australica A. 8... : : ; i Australis Pevir. ... avenacea BREB, ..... .- baccata BRUN.. . . bacillaris GREG... .. aor incon- Bacillaris Gree. var. stantissima GRUN. . bacillifera Pant. . bacilliformis Grun. Bacillum E.. ..... i - var. var. B var. Gregoriana GRoUN. . var. var. Baculus Cu. Baumlerii Panr.. . .. . var. interrupta Pant. Bahusiensis Grun.. ... . var. arctica GRUN.. . . . var. Istriana GRUN. Baileyana Gron. . . Balearica (CL.) baltica BE... . . Barbitos A. 8. : Barclayana Gree. Bartholomei Cu. basaltae proxima Brun & HER. Basilica Brun. > Pant. . Beccariana Grun.. . . Beckii Pant. . Bengalensis Grun. Beta Cu. Beyrichiana A. S. forma minor Pant. bicapitata Lerst. var. hybrida Gron. biceps E. oid > Gree. biconstricta Grun. > Grove & St. . bicuneata GRuN.. . . bicuspidata Ch. & Garon. biglobosa Scuum. bilobata Leup.-F. bimaculata Pann. . binaria A. SS... binodis E. . bioculata Grun. . bipunctata GRuN.. . . birostrata Gree. biseriata Petir.... bisulcata Lerst. var. turgidula bituminosa Pant. ..... var.? cincta Pant... . . var. var. var. var. var. (Oregonica var. ?) Pant... blanda A. 8. latecapitata Pant. robusta Pant. signata Pant. staurophora Pant. Bleischit Jan... 2... Bodosensis Pant. . minor V. Hck... . lepida GreG. .... var.? Mexicana GRUN. .. . valida Pant... .. bivittata Bleischiana Jan. & Reur.. . KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. Bogotensis Grun....... Il 88 Bohemica EB... .... 0... Ir 6. (Roiconeis) Bolleana Grun. . II 25. bomboides A.S. ...., I 87, 88 var. media GrRun. go Be Bombus BE... .... .. I 90. var. densestriata A. S. I 90. var. egena A.B. . 1. I 90. borealis (E.) 1... 2... II 80. var. fossilis Pant. .. . II 81. var.? producta Grun. .. JI 8i. var. scalaris GRuN. . . Il 81. Borussica Cu... .. . .. I 98. Boryana Pant. ...... I 60. Botieriana Grun..... . IL 71. Bottnica Grun. ..... Il 20, 32. brachysira Brie... .. . 7. Brasiliana Ch... 1... 2... I 139. Brasiliensis Grun.. ..+- .. II 47. var.? bicuneata Cu. II 48, 49. var. fossilis Pant... ... II 48. Brauniana Grun....... II 7%. Braunit Grun. . . 1... II 75. Brebissonii Ke... . . . Il 77, 78. var. fossilis Pant. .... IL 7. var. subproducta Grun. . Il 77. brevis GREG. . 2... 2... I 61. var. elliptica . boy give OL 461. Bruchii Grun.. ...... II 36. Brunii Pant. . . es, See «LD oh Tl 51. Bo OTS acces late ga of I 193. Budayana Panr. I 104. bullata Norpm... ..... I 63. var. Molleriana Jan... II 60. var. obtusa CasTR. . . II_ 60. var. rhomboides Castr. . . II 65. (Libellus) Bulnheimii Grun. . I 154. var. Belgica Grun. .... I 154. Californica GREV.. . . II 58. var. Campechiana Guow, . ID 58. Campbelli (Prttt) . .. I 63. Campylodiscus Gruy..... I 99. cancellata Donk. . ‘ II 30. forma minuta Grun. . . . II 30. var. genuina Gaon. ... II 30. var. Gregorii Raurs ... . II 30. var. impressa (LGRST.) . I 30. var. Maroccana Cu. . ... IL 30. var. retusa BREB. .... . Ir 30. var. Skaldensis H. V. Hex. II 380. var. Schmidtii Grun. . . . II 30. var. subapiculata Grun. . . II 380. Carassius BE... .. . .. I 19. cardinalis (E.) ..... . ID 94. var. Africana Brun... II 79. Cart Meg ey ee oe JA ca ge IE DE var. angusta Grun. .... II 17. Caribaca A.B... 1.1... II 61. > CBee wk “ee ae aS II 46. carinfera GRUN...... II 37, 48. forma minor . ..... ll 48. var. densius striata .... II 48. var. laxepunctata ..... Ir 48. Carpathorum Pant... .. . I 92. Castracanei GRUN. .... - I 64. Centraster Cu. ..... II 32. Cesatii Rew. ... . “8 I 160. Ceylanensis Lzup.-F.. . . Il 46. Challengeri GRun.. . .. . I 24. Chersonensis Grun. .... I 91. Chie Ci: s—. 3 Wied II 37 Chyzereii Pant... .. .- . I 68. cincta E...... oh ay Ir 16. >» Panr, II 67 Kongl. Sv. Vet. Akademiens Handl. var. angusta (Grun.) ... II 17. var. Cari (BE... . 2 we, Ir 17. var. Heufleri Grun. .... Il 16. var. leptocephala (Brée.) . II 17. circumnodosa Brun... . I 83. ? Cistella Grev. .. . . 1 14. citrea A. S.... eco ak IO: clancula A.S. ... I 84. clavata GREG. . : ~ « « ID 61, forma minor Cu.. 2 edd, 68 forma minuta...... II 62. var. Caribaea (CLevE) . .. II 61. var. elongata PERAG. . ID 62. var. exsul (A. 8S.) . . Il 61. var. Indica (GreEv.) . . ID 62. var. proxima Jan. . : II 62. var. rhombica CL... . II 62. Claviculus Grue, . ‘ Il 97. Clementis Grun.. . ..,. . IL 24. Clepsydra Donx. . 2.2 @ L198: > var.? 4 . 1 198. Clevei Lorst......... I 51. Cluthensis Greg .. . IW 47. var. Finmarchica Grun.. . 11 47. var. maculifera Cu... . . IL 47. var. minuta Ch... It 47. var. Novae ZéalandiaeGrun. I 47. var. pagophila Grun. ... Il 47. var. striolata Grun.. ... IL 47. coarctata A. S... j .. I 86. cocconeiformis GREG. . ee LD 39: coffeiformis A. BS... 1. I 81. var. densestriata .... I 81. var. subcircularis. .. I 81. commutata GRuUN. . . Il 91. compar JAN. . I 81. (Libellus) complanata GRuN. I 153. var. hyperborea GRun. . T 153. var, subinflata Grun. I 153. compressicauda A. 8. II 33. concilians Ch.. ...... TI 54. confecta A. S. . I 102. (Diadesmis) confervacea (Ke.) . I 133. var. Hungarica GRun. . I 133. var. peregrina Grun.. ... I 133. confoederata ........ Ir 45. congrua JAN. 2 ele sb (Be. connectens (GRUN.). II 55, 638 consanguinea Cu. . .... II 33. consimilis A. 8... ..... I 57. consors A.S....... . IT 25. conspersa Pant.. . ... II 48. conspicua ALS. . 1.1... I 88. constricta GRUN. ..... I 65, 83. contenta GRUN. I 182. var. biceps ARN. . : I 182. contermina A.S....... T 191. contiqua AS... . 2... I 82. contorta Kitton M.8.. .. . II 69. contracta GRUN.. ..... I 57. conveca W. SM... .. . 72, 105. copiosa A.S8....... ; Hu 59. correpta A. 8. . 57. (Schizonema) corymbosa Aa) Ul 26. costata KE. . ow we LE BL > [ Levup.-F.. . II 159. Crucicula (W. Sm). . I 139, 140. var. minuta GRUN.. .... I 140. var. obtusata Grun.. ... I 140. (Crucicula var.?) protracta GRUN: 4 6 6 ¢-¢ Ge aw ys I 140. crucifera Gruy........ II 382. Crucifix Trump. & Br. Ded: cruciformis DonK. ..... Il 97. crucigera (W. Sm.). ..... IT 111. cryptocephala Ke... . I 108, II 14. var. exilis Grun. . . . Il 14. var. intermedia. ..... Ir 19. var. lancettula Scuum. . I 14. var. latior DANNF. .. . Il 22. var. perminuta (GRUN.) . . ut 14. var. pumila Grun.. . 14. var. rhynchocephala Gaun. II 1b, 22. var. veneta (KG.) II 14 17. (Rhoiconeis)CubitusTemp.& Br. II 31. curtestriata Pant, ..... II 87. (peregrina E. var.?) curtestri- Gta PE. bes ... Il 87. curvinervia GRUN. ..... I 58. cuspidata Ke... 2... 1... I 109. var. ambigua E....... I 110. var. danaica Grun. I 110. var. halophila Grun. I 109. var. Héribaudi PERaG. . I 110. Cymbula Donk... .... Il 22. Cynthia ALS. 2. 2... I 82. Cyprinus BE... 1... I 18. Dactylus EB... . . .) oL:s9890. forma maxima. .... IL 90. Dalmatica Grun. ...... I 98. Dariana A.S. ... ... I 90. debilis Pant... ...... II 85. debilissima Grun. ¢ ee a IE 8: Debyi Pant. . 2... I 98. decora Grove & St... I 74. decumana Pant. .. . Ir 91. decurrens (E.) Grun. .... IL 84. decussata (E.). ....... II 5. definita Grove & St. .... I 135. var. intermedia Cu. . ... JI 185. delata ALS. .. 1... I 56. Delawarensis Grun.... . II 41. Delognei V. Hrcx . : I 153. Delta Ch... . .. II 41. Demerarae GRUN. . . . Il 41. Demerarae Cu. . . ya F147. demta A.S. ...... . I 86. depressa CL. ....... I 129. derasa GRUN......... Il 28. var.? gracilenta GRuN. . IT 28. De Wittiana Kai & Scuuttze II 69. dicephala (E.) W. Sm. . IT 21. var. elginensis Grec. . . JI 21. var. subcapitata Gron.. . . II 21. didyma BE... . » . I 90. > Lagst . . sew e I 86. > var. GREG. .. . I 87. difficilis Pant... ..... Ir 59. difluens A. S...... . IT 62. diffusa, AS 6 a cn eee Rs Ir 46. var.? Balearica CL. . . I 46. var. minor Cu. aaa « ID 46, 27 210 P. digito-radiata GREG. . . : II var. angustior Grun. . . . IL var. Cyprinus (E.) W. 8m. . II var. Seychellensis Ct. é II var. striolata Grun.. . . . IL digrediens A. 8. I dilatata E.. . . I 69, diplosticta GRUN. . . 2... directa (W. Sm.). . . II var. angusta Grun.... II var. genuina CL.. : , II var. Incus (GRuN.) . - . Il var. Javanica CL. oa ce a var. remota GRUN. . . Il var, subtilis GREG. ... II dirhynchus E. . . on. U0 Dirhombus A. 8. kgtyt: Eel discernenda Pant. . Il discrepans A. 8. oe I Disculus Scuum. : Il dispar Scuum. . . dispersa Grove & St... .. I dissimilis W. Sm. be Il distans (W. Sm.) . rae II var. borealis Gaun.. . . . IL distenta A. S... II (brevis var. ?) distoma forma angustior GRun.. .. .. I forma latior Grun. . . IT divergens ALS... ax 1 (FS). vss Hl forma minor . I var. elliptica Grun.. .. . TI var. prolongata BRUN & Per. II var. undulata Per. & Hire. II divergentissima GRUN.. . II diversa GREV.. . be Seem ale Déczyi Pant. . : . I Doljensis Pant. . . . . I Donkinit A. 8... . aie. val dubia E. . I Dubravicensis Grun. sales II duplex Pant... 1... 4. I Durandii Kitton. ...... II var. intermedia . F ; AT var. rhomboides Castr. . I egena ALS... . 2. ees geria PANT... . .. II Egyptiaca GRev. 5.6 al elata Lrup.-F. IL 97, elegans W. Sm. I 59, IL var. cuspidata Ch... . . I Elesdiana Panr. apices W. Sm. Ke WwW I I I var. fossilis Pant. I var. grandis GRUN. ae var. minor GRuN.. . . I var. minutissima GRUN. I elongata Grun. i I elongatula Pant. I I Entomon E. oe a aS Epsilon Ch... . cee se SE erosa CL.. . io i + « Lf Erythraea Grun. bt) a Esoculus Scuum. ...... TI Eta Ch... . a ULE excavata A. S. ae : Tt > GREV.. . . 2, dD: var. angelorum CL... . II var. mesoleia GRUN.. . II excentrica GRUN. ae exemta A. 8. I 8&6, exigua Grea... . .. . ID exilis Ke. ae eee Il exilissima GRUN. ...... II expedita A.S. ... ; d] expleta A.S.. 2... I > var. Domblittensis GRUN. : $- deoGh ae Lib Exsul A. 8. II 37, Eudoxia A. 8. gh Eugenia A. 8. 1 Hugeniae Cu. . I Falaisensis Grun. 2 II var.? lanceola Grun.. ... II fallax Ch... ... I Famelica Castr. . . 4 I fasciata Lerst. ; I Febigerii Ch... ...... II Fenzlii Gron.. : I filiformis Pant... . I Finmarchica Cu. & GRUN. Il jirma Ke! bo Sag OE var. major GRuN. . I var. subampliata Gruy... I var. twmescens GRUN. I I Fischeri A.S. 2... 2... I Fistula A. 8S... . f.jpeag 2a, Flamma A. 8. oar II Flammula A.S. .... . IE flanatica Grun.. .. .. TI Flattti Pant... 2... io (Hsox. var. ?) FlorentinaGrun. II (Diadesmis) Flotowii Grun.. . I fluitans Brun. . « IE 3%, fluminensis Grun. . . + I var. Floridana Cu. . . II var. Kerguelensis Guy... IL var. minor GRUN. . shine gus AL Férarmensis Grun... . . II Foliola Temp. & Brun. . I Follis BE... : II Sfonticola GRuN.... 0. I fontinalis Grun. mash I forcipata GREV. .. « TE var. balnearis lar ae 7 II var. densestriata A. II var. minor... oor EL, var. nummularia Grev. ego ou var. nummularoides Grun. II var. punctata Ch. . . II var. suborbicularis Grun. II ~ var. versicolor GRuN. «AT Formenterae CL.. . 4 . OU Formica E. . : bh eee AEE Sormicina GRun. eae, formosa GBEG. . 15%, var. fossilis Pant. . 2 eal fortis GREG... fay eee hol ET, >» AS... , i fortis var.? opima Gruy. . II fortunata Leup-F. .. .. . I fossilis EB. ... 2... eit AE ‘fraudulenta A.S. ... II Frauenfeldii Groun. (latissima Grea. var. ?) Fuchsit Pant... .. I fulva Nrrzscu I fusca Donk. .. 1... . I >» GREG... fk Pe var. delicata A. sg. I var. excisa ALS... . I var. permagna Panr. I fuscata Scuum....... I fusiformis GRUN. ..... I var. ostrearia GAILLON. . I fusioides Grun. I 406, 133. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. futilis A.B... ee I Galapagensis Cu.. .... I var. Japonica Cu. . io oo Galea BRuN. . 2. 7 ee ee II Galikii Pant... . 2... II (Gastrum var. ?) Galikii Pant. II Gamma CL... . : II var. rectilineata Cu... . . II Garkeana (GRuN.) i Be I gastroides Gree. . .... II Gastrum E...... . Il forma minor. ... .. II var. Anglica Gaun. .. IL var. Boryana PANT. ... . II var. exigua GREG. . a ag eT var. Jenisseyensis GRuN. II var. latiuscula Grun. . . IT var. Placentula. .... I var. Styriaca Grun.. . . II var. Upsalensis Grun. . . II gelida Grun. ....... II var.? subimpressa ue) . I var.? tenuis Ch... . . I gemina E. I var. densestriata A. 8. I var. egena A. 8. I gemmata GREV. : I var. biseriata GRUN, I var. fossilis Pant. . ... I var. mediterranea GRUN. I var. spectabilis . I gemmatula Cu. I > GRUN. . ‘ I genifera A. 8S... oe II gentilis Donk. ...... II (Rhoiconeis) genuflexa Ke. . . II gibba BE... plan du volt 9 WV Hee ee see ee SS II var. brevistriata Grun. . . II forma curta Bueisca . . II var. hyalina Per. & Hér.. II gibba 8 Peckii Grun. . II gibberula Ke. . ee gibbula Ch... 2. re I var. capitata Lerst. ... I var. oblonga Lerst.. . .. I Gibeliti ALS... ww, I GAGS Ws ae ee ee tee ae II glacialis ial et eens I var. septentrionalis Cu. I 41, glebiceps GREG... . 1... II > Lerst... ... II var. crassior Grun. ... II gloriosa Brun... . iJ var. inflata Brun. .... I Goésii Ch. wo. ee, . It gomphonemacea Grun. ... II Gorjanovictt Pant... . . . I var. major . . oie CD Gotlandica Grun. .. ... II gracilis EF. ...... iL var. Schizonemoides V Hox II graeetine: AS. . . Il GREG... . II Graefes GRUN. 2... I granulata Bai. ..... II granulata BruB. .. ... II var. Javanica Levp.-F. . II Granum Scuum. ...... I Granum avenae Scuum.. .. I grata Pant... 2... II gregaria Donk. ....... I var. Thurholmensis Danner... I Gregorit Raurs.. . .. II II Gregoryana GREV. KONGL. SV. VET. Grevillei Donk... .. 2... I 101. (Schizon. Libellus) Grevillei Ac. I 152. Groenlandica Cu... II 98. Grovei Ct. : ... IL 45. Grindleri A. 8. . ¢- 189: > CL. & GRun. ... Il 51. var. symmetrica Cu. » a (IL, 1, Grunowii O'MEA . sig chs IT 59. > RBH ws ae ew 8 I 99. Guinardiana Brun. .... I 85. Gurovit Pant. . 2... Il 20. guttata GRUN.. . .... Ir 34. var. maxima Cb. ..... II 35. var.? Peragalli (Brun.). . . II 35. Gutvinskit Pant... 1... Il 91. Hahnii Petr. . 2... 1... T 133. H. album CL. . . Stee by halionata Pant... ..... II 68. var. directa Pant... ... II 69. var. minor Pant. ..... II 69. var. robusta (PANT.). . . II 69. halophila Grun...... . 1 109. (Libellus) hamulifera Grun. . I 154. var. interrupta CL. .. . I 154. Hanthenii Pant. ...... I 91. Haradaae Panr. ...... I 129. Hasta Pant. .. . . Il 25. Haucktti Cu. . 2... I 54. Haueri GRUN......... Il 18. Haynaldi Pant. .. 1... I 88. Haytiana Troan & Wirt... II 55. Hazslinszkyi Pant... . I 52. Hebes Ratrs ...... IT 54. Heerii Pant. . 2... 1 84. hes ete Bee BS secre) Gel ard II 86. A (ce ee Il 85. var. Bielawskii Hér. & Per. II 8b. Hennedyi W. Sm. ... II 57, 60. forma bacillifera (Pant.). . II 57. vay. abnorm. . 6. we Ir 58. var. Californica Grev.... II 58. var. caliginosa CL. & Grove II 59. var. Centraster CL. . Il 58. var. circumsecta GRUN. . I 58. var. clavata (GREG.). . . . II 61. var. constricta Perir ... II 59. var. controversa A. 8... II 60. var. cuneata A. 8.. ... ID 59. var. difficilis Panv. Ir 59. var. finitima JAN. ..... Il 58. var. fossilis Pant. Tr 48, 64. var. granulata Grun. ... II 58. var. > OM..... IL 62. var. manca A. S. . : Ir 58. var. maxima CL. . . a GE -B8; var. minuta Cu.. .... IT 59. var. Neapolitana Ch... . . II 58, var. nebulosa GREG... . Ir 58. var. Niceensis Perag.. . . II 62. var. Schleinitzii (Jan.). . . II 58. var. Tahitensis CL. ... II 59. var. tenuistriata. ..... Il 58. var. undulata CL. .... Il 58. Heribaudi Pur... . ... I 58. heroina A.S.... Ir 89. heteroflexa Pant. i ... 1107. var. constricta Pant. .. I 107. var. minor Pant. ..... I 107. Heufleri Groy. . a» ae ABE TG Heufleriana GRUN.. . . . . I 130. Hevesensis Pant. ...... I WO. Hibernica OMpa... .. II 62. hilarula Pant. . . 1 ss I 91. Hilseana Jan. 2. 2 ee Il 75 Hitcheockii E. . .« : I AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. Hochstetteri Grun. ..... I var. placita Grove & Sr. I Hoffmannii Panz.. ent ag El Holmiensis Cu... oak Holstii Ch... 2. I (maxima var.?) Holubyi Pant. I hordeiformis Pant... .. . Il Hlornigit Pant... 2... 1 Horvathii Grun. . . . . I Hospes A.8........ I (Deploneis) Hudsonis Grun.. I humerosa Brig... ... . IT var. constricta ...... II var. elongata Pant... .. II var. Fuchsii (Pant.) . aca DLE humilis Donk. ....... II Hungarica Grun. I 189, II var. capitata (E.) . . . se LE var. Liineburgensis Grun. II hyalina Donk. «1... 0... I (Libellus) Hyalosira Ch. . . . I hybrida Hur. & PER. . IL. hyperborea GRUN.. ..... I Hyrtlii Pant... . 0... OTT ignobilis Pant. ....... I illustra Pant... ... II imperfecta Ch. .... . It impleta Cu. & Grove .... I impressa Lerst. ... . II > Grun. se ley II inaequalis Ho. 2. I inaequilatera Lerst. .... I incerta GRUN.. ...... Il includens Pant... ... Paes | incomperta LEwIs . . 4 ? inconspicua GREG... . I incudiformis GRUN. . Ss Behl inculta Pant... . gk incurva var. minuta Gutw. . I incurvata GREG... . 1... I Incus Gaun. . 2... ee II var. abbreviata Grun. . . II Index Temp. & BR... .. I Indica Grev.. . ~ AE inelegans GROVE & Sr. . : eT infrma GRUN........ I inflata Donk ....... I > Bee eee ee ee ea inflexa GREG. ..... Ir 31, var. Biharensis Pant... . II inhalata A. 8... 0... I var.? Biharensis Panr.. . IT var. lanceolata Ch. .... II inornata GRuN. a I 106, instabilis A. SS... 1... II integra W. Sm... ww. . I intercedens A. 8. I interlineata Grove & ‘Sr. II 37, intermedia LeRst.. . . . II interposita LEWIS . interrupta Ke... . . ‘ > W.SmM....... I var. fossilis Pant. var. Novae Zelandiae A. 8. var. Tallyana Grun. var. Zanzibarica GRunN. Tridis E. Tridis var. amphigomphus E. var. amphirhynchus E. var. dubia er, VB eee var. producta. . . 1... irregularis Pant. irrorata GREV. . var. Ceylanica CL. . Il var. elliptica Cu. ry HHH HHH BAND 2%. w:o 3. 211 135. var. fossilis Pant. II 7, 135. var. Mexicana Ot. . 3 aE 23. var. substauroneiformis II 58. Jamaicensis GRrv. ..... I 62. Jamalinensis Cu. Be Il 54. var. Schizostauron Cu. . II 22. var. simiaevultus (Brun). . II 98. Janischiana Rsu.. . I 52. Janischii CastR. . ... I 94. jejuna ALS... II 80. Jelineckii_ Grun. II 43. Jennerii W. Sm. I 43. Jentzschii Grun. II 44, Jimboi Panr. . ‘ a. 48. Johnsoniana GREV. ..... I 16. Johnsonit (W. Sm.) .. 1... I 16. var. Belgica H. V. Hex... I 16. Jota Cu. ko eee aoe I WG, “GUGata Clie ce 22 gy eae ea I 80. Julient Hin. & Brun. ... I 153. Kalfvensis Grun. M. 8S. 3 a 85. Kamorthensis Grun. .... IL 95. Kanitzii Pant. I 92. Kappa Ci. 6 ke es I 133. Kariana Grun. ...... II 59. var. curta Ch. 1... we II 25. var. detersa GRUN.. ... .- Il 71. var. frigida (GRUN.) II 30. Kefvingensis BE. ...... Il 50. Kellerit Pantie 1 ww. II 165. Kepesii Grun.. ...... Il 161. Kerguelensis CastR.. . . . . Il 26. Kinkeri Pant . 1 66, II 70. ~Kinkeriana Truan yoke ed 123. Kittoniana A. 8. II 124. Kjellmanii Cu... 2... I 28. var. subconstricta I 107. Kochii Pant. . .. . . II 70. Kossuthii Pant.. I 84. Kotschyana Grun. I 27. Kootschyii Groun. I 28. Krockii Grun. II 25. Kryokonites CL... . I 62. var. semiperfecta Cu. I 145. var. subprotracta CL, I 133. ? var. Wankaremae Ct. I 189. kriophila Cu... ww ee I 16. var.? gelida Cu. . mide ak 32. Kiitzingiana H. L. Suita . . I 31. Kiitzingii Grun. ..... I 57. (Alloioneis?) Kurzii Grun. I 57. laciniosa A.S. . 1. we, I 57. lacrimans A. 8.. > (ab 133. var. fossilis Pant. wk (LE 85. Lacunarum Gron. : I 141. lacustris reek I 134, II 65. > ee : « AE 50. Ladogensis or ae Sao a I 80. laevissima Ke. : I 123. Lagerheimii Ch... . I 84. Lagerstedtii CL. . I 76. Lambda Ct. . I 84. lanceolata Ke. . F Il 84. > W.s.... I 84. var. arenaria Donk. . . a 84. var. Cymbula Donx. Il 69. var. hordeiformis II 69. var.? latior (DANNF.). II 68. var. phyllepta Ke. II 70. var. tenella (BREB.) Il 69. Lancettula Scuvum. II 29. lata (BREB.). 3 II 56. lata Bres. var. minor Pr. 56. & Hep... cer : I 56. latefasciata Grun. I 212 latevittata Pant : ite SE latissima GREG... . . II var. capitata Pant. . . . II var. elongata (PANT.) . I var. minor Pant. . . II latiuscula Ke. ‘ See aa Salt lauta GRUN. . eS . II Legumen E. . ee SEE forma vix undulata Il lepida Gree. . . wl. COT lepidula Grun. . . iT leptocephala Bris. II leptogongyla (E.) Grun. I 137, Il leptosoma Grun. .. Il leptostigma E. : Se ae a Letourneurit Pant. . ... II Leudugerit Ch... .. «TI Lewisiana GRev. i I Libellus GreG. .... ae | Liber W. Sm... . oe Sa liburnica Grun.. . I 57, limicola Ch... ...... II limitanea A. 8. I limosa Ke. . . I var. curta Grun. I var. genuina GRun..... I var. gibberula Grun. [ var. inflata Grun.. . I var. subinflata Grun. I var. undulata Grun. I linearis GrRun. : I lineata Donk... .. . I Lineola Grun. . I var. perlepida GRUN. . patie ee. Oak lineolata E. . . I 122, 11 litoralis Donx. = cee. be I var. subtilis A. 8... I lobata GrovE & St. . II >» Scuwartz.... i Léczyi Pant. II longa GREG. .. 1. e I longiceps GREG... . . I Lorenziana Grun. . I lucida Pant. I lucidula . . . I (Diadesmis) lucidula Gaun. . . I luculenta A. 8S... . arias LEM Ludloviana A. 3. rae ‘ II lumen PERAG.. . . . EL Lundstrémii CL... 3 i I var. Frieseana Grow. z= 7 Lunula Ch. . . ae ; II Lunyaceeki Pant... 2... I luxuriosa GREV.. .... I var. cuneata BRUN. .... I Lyra E. .. . ee oe ware BeBe a. a m4 a» AL var. abrupta GREG. . II var. acuta Pant. on SCE var. atlantica A. S. . . II 61, var. connectens GRun.. . . IL var. denudata Grun. M. 8.. II var. dilatata A. S. . noe OLE forma perpusilla Pawr. . II var. Ehrenbergii Cu. . oe a var. elliptica A.S. . ... II forma bullata Norm... . II var. Hungarica Paw. . II var. insignis A.S. ..... II var. producta Pant. . . I var. recta GREV.. ..... II forma abnormis A. S. . . II forma fornicata A. S. .. II var. Robertsiana GREv. . II forma bullata Cu. . > var.? seductilis (A. 8.). . II 64. var. signata A. 8... Il 64. var. subcarinata Grun. .. II 64. var. subelliptica Cu. .. II 64. var. Zanzibarica GRev. . II 64. macra GRUN. .... .. TL 74. Macracana Pant... . Il 7. macromphala Scuum. ... . Il 24. macula GREG... : Tr 179. maculata Baru. . ... IL 46. var. Caribaea CL. . . . ID 46. maculosa DonkK ....... Ir 19. Madagascarensis Cu. . ... I 59, maeandrina Ch. .... . It 42, major Ke. ...... Tr 89, 91 var. andesitica Pant. .. II 89. var. horrida Hin. & Per. . II 90. mammalis CastR.. ..... I 60. Mantichora Pant.. . .. 1 100, Margarita AS. 2... .. I 88. margaritifera Pant... ... I 87. > Truan & Wirt II 49. marginata Lewis ...... I 30. margino-lineata Grove & St. I 665. margino-punctata Grove & St. 1 65. marginulata Ch... . . . Il TU. marina Jan. & RBH... . II 160. > RaLFs . ee . I 47. oe Pant... . I 123. mastogloidea Pant. «iL, 82, Mauleri Brun ....... I 98. maxima GREG. I 54, 55. var. Asiatica Temp. & ‘BRUN I 55. var. umbilicata Grun.. . . I 55. mediterranea Br. & Cu. . IL 83. > GrRun. I 88, 33. » Ke. . Se a ST 233; megaloptera (E.) ...... Ir 81. megastauros CL. . . . IL 68. menilitica Pant. 3 ool Menisculus Scnum. ... . II 18. var. Upsalensis GRun. . I 18. Meniscus Scoum. .. .. II 18. mesoleia Ch. . . . It 74. mesolepta BE. . ...... Ir 76. var. a genuina GRrun. . II 76. var. 8 producta Grun. . II 76. var. Boryana Pant. ... IL 7%. imezolgia Scnum. . .. . Il 74. AS... 6 «TD 76; jileesceiitals Grun. ... Il 4. microrhynchus GRUN. . . I 109. > Pant. . I 109. microtatos Pant. ...... I 96. Mikado Pant. ....... Il 60. minima GRunN...... I 128. var. atomoides GRuN. -. I 128. minor GREG. ... . ‘ Il 71. minuscula Grun. . . Soa aN As var. Bahusiensis Grow. . I 4 minutissima GRUN...... I 128. minutula W.SmM....... II 65. mirabilis CastR = gw ww wis I 97. > Leup.-F. I 66. forma intermedia Ct. . I 65. Mocsarensis Panv. . I 135. modesta GRUN. ..... Il 88. moesta A.S. 1... 0... I 89. molaris GRUN. . . 74. (Schizonema) mollis Ww. Si) TI 26. monilifera Cu. . Il 43. var. heterosticha Cr... Il 48. Monmouthiana Grun. T 134, 164. (Alloioneis) Monodon Brun. . II 35. Mormonorum Grun.. . . Il 78. P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. multicostata GRUN. . 1 102. multiseriata GRUN. ..... Il 36. munda JAN. 2. 1. awe I 82. muralis GRUN. . : .. I 3B. Musca Donk. be pica I 83. > GREG. . . .. I 665. var. intermedia A. 8. I 665. muscaeformis GRUN. . I 83. > Pant... ... I 66. mutica Ke. .~. .. 1... I 129. » 2 .0:) ; Ce ee It 14. forma Cohnii Hise I 129. forma Goppertiana BLEIscH. I 129. forma producta Grun. . . . I 129. forma ventricosa Ke. I 129. var. Cohnit (H1usz) . I 129. var. Goppertiana (BLEISCH) I 129. var. Legumen Ch... .. . I 180. forma undulata HinsE . I 180. var. Peguana GRUN. I 130. var. undulata HiLse I 180. var. ventricosa (KG.) I 130. MY, Clits. 3 he hades Be Il 42. Naveana Grun.... ... IL 7%. navigans Brun... ... . I 100. nebulosa GREG. I 135, II 58. neogena Pant. .. .... I 52. Neogradensis (PANT.). .... Il 40. Neumayeri Jan... vo eS SR DOT > PANTS: 04-0 ay ae ss Il 42. Neupauert Pant... . I 49. Niceensis PErac. ‘ II 36. Nicobarica Grun. foe sg I 7. (Schizonema) nidulans Ct. . ID 26. nigricans Pant... . I 93. nitescens GREG. . be Ay hs dt OTs var. fossilis Pant. . . I 97. var. Fuegiana Petir ... I 97. nitida W. SM. . ..... I 100. nivalis E.. ..... I 180, II 38. nobilis (E.) Ke... .. .. Il 92. var. neogena Grun.... IL 93. nodosa E. ......... Il 87. nodulosa (BriB.) Ke. forma. I 77. Northumbrica Donk... .... Il 31. notabilis Pant. ...... Ir 19. > GREV.. . : . IT 93. var. eapleta A. Bi hie dhs a2 I 93. notata M. Prrac. & HEr. Il 78. n. sp. LEwis .. . » . 1 128. Novae Guineaensis TEMP. .. Il 50. nubicola GRuN....... I 53. nuda Pant... ....... I 106. nummularia GRev. . .. . IL 66. ING CLis ge yo Se a ae Ss I 7. Oamaruensis GRUN. . . Tl 57. obliqua (GREG.) ......, I 130. oblique-striata A.S. . .. I 69. oblonga Ke... ......., Il 21. var. acuminata GRun. Ir 21. var. lanceolata Grun. ... II 2i. var. nodulosa Grun..... IL 21. oblongella Grun. I 128. > NAEGELI..... I 98. (Rhoiconeis) obtusa Cu. oe TEL 29: obtusa W. Sm... . I 54. occidentalis Cu. I 134. oculata Bris. . I 92. olivacea Leup.-F. . It 161. O’Mearii Grun. . .. I 102, 111. var. Labuensis Cu. I 123. var. minor Cu. I 111. Omega Cu. Il 46. Omicron Cu. . ‘ Il 46. ophiocephala Cu. & Grove - I 66. KONGL. SV. VET. opima Grun. . 1... Il 35. regonica EB. I 57. ornata A. S. . I 102. var. spirifera ALS. .. 1 102. Orphei Pant... . 1... II 158. oscitans A. 8... 2... Il 49. var. subundulata ..... Ir 49. Ostracodarum Pant. I 92. ostrearia TuRP. . . . I 106. Oswaldi Jan. ... . II 60. ovalis Hise .. 1... I 92. Din) Wha ISM cee as se coe ep G8 So ho I 92. var. fossilis Pant. I 93. var. pumila GrRun. age A OR: oviformis ChL......... Il 24. Ovulum A.B. 2... IL 185. > GRuN. ...... I 94. oxeia CASTR. .. 1... ..., I 154. pachycephala RBu. II 188. pachyptera (E.) . Il 81. pacifica GRUN. .... Il 36. palpebralis Bris. . . . . It 70. var. angulosa Gree... . . II 70. var. Barceyana (GREG.). II 70. var. Botteriana (Grun.) Il 71. forma minor (GRUN.) sabk EL var. minor GRUN...... II 71. var. obtusa I 71. var. semiplena ..... IL 70. Paludinarum Pant... ... 1 194. var. gracilior Pant... . . 1194. Pandura Brg... .... I 100. Pangeroni Urvup.-F. I 110. pannonica GRUN. Ir 6. Papula A. 8. : I 85. parallela Castr.. . I 56. parallelistriata Pant. : I 107. parca A.B... 0. ee I 81. var. producta Pant. . I 95. paripinnata Pant. II 92. Parmula Bris. . . I 92. parvula H. L. Surra Tr 150. > Rabrs ....... II 87. patula W.Sm ...,... I 61. pavida Pant... ...... I 60. edalis BRUN........ I 91. Peeaiia GRuN...... I 70. Pelagi AS. 2. ee eee I 93. pelliculosa (BRHB.) Hise . Ir 3. pennata A. S... . I1 31, 32. var. Kinkeri (Panr.) . Il 33. var. maxima Cu. ‘ Il 33. Pensacolae Cu. ee oe ® OL Peragalli Brun. ...... II 35. perducta Pant. Ir 158. peregrina E. ........ Ir 18. var. Caleuttensis Grun. . . II 18. var. Kefvingensis E.... . . II 18. var. Menisculus Scuum. II 18, 24. var. Meniscus Scum. II 18. var. polaris (LeRst.) . I 18. perfecta Pant. . Ir 56. var. Letourneurii (Panr.) . II 56. peripunctata Brun... .. . Ir 87. perlepida GruN. ...... I 107. perlonga Pant. I 56. ‘permagna RaLFs I 59. perpusilla Grun. I 133. Perrotettii Grun. ...... I 110. pervasta Pang. . 2.1... I 104. elitiana GRUN.. ..... I 64. ‘Epronuna 0. Wirt... .. I 96. Phalangium Pant. .. IL 69. Phii Obs: 2. ob AS II 34 II 22. phyllepta Ke. . AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. Gere laciets) Plgihades E. I 148. Chee aw as 8 Il 50. irae Pant. . .. IL 33. Pinnularia Cu... . | Il 95. var. asymmetrica Cu. II 96. var. Baltica Grun. Il 95. var. interrupta Ch. . . Il 95. var. Seychellensis Grun.. II 95. var. Séderlundii Cu. Ir 95. var. subproducta Grun. . . II 96. var. Tahitensis Grun. Il 95. Placenta FE... 1... 1... Il 4. Placentula E. . 1136, II 23. var. lanceolata (GRUN.) . Il 23. placida A. 8S... ' 83. placita Grove & Sr. I 135. plagiostoma GRUN. ..... Ir 49. Platessa Ch... . ; . ID 36. platystoma E......... Ir 24. var. Bengalensis Grun. M.S. II 24. (Libellus) plicata Donk. . I 154. var. Sumatrana Cu. ... I 164, plicatula Gruwn. M.S. . . I 155. polaris Lerst. II 18. polita Brun... . I 102. polygibba Pant. I 135. polygona Brun. I 71. polyonca BREB. II 76. polysticta A. §.. II 58. > GREV. Ir 48. var. circumsecta Grun. Ir 68. porto-montana Cp. I 112. Powellii Lewis... .... I 68. var. Galapagensis Cu. I 63. praeclara Pant. . I 92. praeflua Pant. I 94. praesecta A.B... . Il 70. Praestes A. 8. I 87. praetexta E. Ir 55. var. abnormis CL. . Il 55. var. abundans A. S.. . Ir 565. var. Haytiana (TRUAN & WITT) es ee ye II 55. var. Lunyaczeki (Pant.) . . II 56. pressa PANT. .. 6... . Il 18. primordialis Pant. II 29. prisa A.S. 2. 1... I 103. pristiophora JAN. «1... I 99. probabilis A. §8.. I 56. ‘procera Pant... . Il 79. producta W. Sm. ...... I 69. prominula A. 8. I 88. propingua A. §.. I 95. Proserpinae Pane. TI 82. protracta Grun.... ; I 140. forma minor Pant... . I 109. var. maxima Cu. ; I 140. proxima JAN... 2... II 62. pseudo-aspera Pant. . I 191. pseudo-bacillam Groun. I 187. pseudofusca Pant. ; I 98. ieidogimuaia Pant... I 99. Puella A.S. 2... ... I 84, 88. > ae sok aa 3 I 92. pulchra Gree. ... 1... Ir 41. pumila Grun. var. fossilis Panty gon ee Yo ee R & Tr 14. punctata var. asymmetrica WbGRSP. oe elms ae a Il 45. punctulata E.. .. 1... II 7. punctulata W. Sm. Tr 40, 47. var. Cluthensis Grec. . .. II 47. var. Finmarchica Grun. Ir 47. var. Novae Zealandiae Grun. II 47. BAND 27. n:0 3. 213 var. pagophila Grun. .. II var. striolata Grun. II Pupula Ke. . I var. bacillaroides Gren. eal var. genuina GRUN... . I var. rectangularis Grun. . I pusilla W. Sm. Suck hod Il > Donk. . » « ID var. Jamalinensis Gru. ‘ Il var. lanceolata Grun. . .. II var. Spitzbergensis Grun. II Posio Ch. 2k es eee II pygmaea Ke. ..... x ID var. balnearis Grun. . . II pyrenaica W. S8m.... .. II quadrata GREG... ..... I quadratarea A. 8... . II quadrilineata Grun.. ... I quadriseriata Ct. & Grun.. . I quadrisulcata Grun.. . . 1 Quarnerensis Grun. M. S. I Quarnerensis var. dilatata Perit. . II Quincunx CL...... ‘ II quinquenodis Grun... .. I Rabenhorstii Grun. se oa SEL radiosa. ..... I 164, Il var. Dubravicensis Grun. . II var. minutissima GRUN. . II var. subrostrata Cu... . II var. tenella BREB.. ... . II Raéana CastR. ....... II (Schizonema) ramosissima (C. AGE) ae Ba. % I 106, II forma amplia Grun.. .. . II forma Caspia (GrRuN.) . ID forma genuina Ch... . . II ramphoides Pant. : : I Rattrayi Pant... . . . . II recta Brun & Hr. bo I rectanguiata Greg. .... II regula GRuN. & CL. . . II Reichardtii Grun.. . Il var. Tschuktschorum Ch. . . Il Reinhardtii (Grun.) x 4 AL var. gracilior Grun. ... II var. Jenisseyensis Grun.. . II Reinickeana Rew... ... I residua A.S... 2... I restituta A.S. .... 3s LL reticulata GRUN. . . I reticulo-radiata TEMP. & Br. Il retusa BRB. Sonia ee AL & (GRUNE bc By xe II 30, var. subretusa Grun. . . . II Reusii Pant. . . « « ID Rhaphoneis (E.) GRun. . 6 45 oe SEE Rho Cu. . GO Test teens as ans rhombica GREG. . I 153, II (Libellus) rhombica Gree. oo a var. Japonica (BRuN) ... I rhomboides E. ...... I Rhombulus Scuum. . . . I Rhombus Petir....... II rhynchocephala Ke. ..... Il var. amphiceros (Ke.) . . . IL var. rostellata ...... II rimosa GREV.. .... II 57, Riojae Cu. . . és I Ro ertsoniana Grev. .... Il robusta GRuN.. ems 2 » Pant. es ane aay JED rostellata GREG... .... II > WEG sci sera ae aw Il 214 Pp. T. Rostellum W. Sm.. rostrata BE... Seat ald > W. Sm.. Rotaeana (RaB.) GRUN. . var. excentrica GRUN. . var. oblongella GRun. I 128, Rovignensis Grun. rudis Ch... ... rugosa JAN.. wae & rupestris HTZscH.. ..... salva A. 8. BOE eis ak salinarum GRUN.. ... bane var. intermedia GRUN. . . Sambiensis Scuum. Samoensis GRUN. Sandriana Gron. var. laevis Cu. Sansegana Grun. satura A.S.. .......4. Saugerri Desmaz.. .... . var. striis tenuioribus. . . (Alloioneis) scalarifer Brun. Scalprum Gay. & TuRP.. . Scandinavica Lerst.... . Schaarschmidtii Pant... . . Schleinitzii (Jan.). . Schmidtiana Grun. Schmidtii Lersr. : Schneiderit Grun....... Schultzii Karn ak wd var. Californica CL... . . var. Marylandica Ct. Schumanniana Grun.... . Schweinfurtit A. 8... scintillans A. 8S. .. > Tremp. & Br. scita W. Sm. . . Scoliopleura A. 8. . Scopulorum Bris... . ; var. Belgica H. V. Her. ee var. fasciculata GRUN. var. perlonga Brun ‘ Scotica A.S.. 2... 2... sculpta BE. scutelloides W. Sm. : var. minutissima CL.. . var. Mocarensis GRuUN... . Scutellum O’'MzEa . scutiformis GRUN. . . Scutum (ScHum.?)... Scythica Pant. secernenda A. 8. eA sectilis A.S..... 4 var. rag ae Pant... .. seductilis A. S.. . var, PERAG. . sejuncta A. 8. . . Semen E...... semicruciata E. (Diadesmis) seminoides CL. & GROVE Seminulum Grun... . eek var. fragilarioides Grun.. . semiplena Donk. i semitecta A. 8S. separabilis A. 8. serians BREB. . ik var. minima GRUN. yds var. minor GRUN.. .... var. thermalis GRun. seriosa ‘Pant. : serratula GRuN. . -— (Rhoiconeis) Sibirica GRoun. . r var. asymmetrica Cu. var. Mediterranea Cu. Ww 4. sideralis Brun... I 100. Sieboldiit Pant. . . . I 193. Sigma Brun TI 34. Silicula E. I 51. > GRUN. I 51, 187. Sillimanorum E. . . . Il 85. Simbirskiana Pant... . II 70. Simiaevultus Brun... .. . Il 36. simulans Donk... . . . I 145. Sinensis E. . T 119. Slesvicensis GRun. Ir 15. Smithiti Brie. ......, I 96. > Donk. ..... . IT 93. var. borealis GRun. . . . I 96. forma minor Grun. I 96. var fusca GREG. I 94. var. laevis DANnnr. I 96. var. nitescens GREG. . I 97. var. suborbicularis GREG. I 81. solaris GREG. . . ae Ir 32. solida Ch... . Il 71. sparsipunctata GROVE & Sr. Ir 50. spathifera GRovE & Sv... II 98. spathula Brun. I 60. sp. Larst. ‘ : I 141. spectabilis Gree... . . Ir 60. > GRUN.... I 99. forma Mélleriana Jan. Ir 60. var. abbreviata Cu. Il 60. var. Angelorum CL. Ir 60. var. bullata Cu. é Il 60. var. controversa (A. 8.) II 60. var. emarginata CL. II 60. var. excavata GREV. Ir 61. var. Hungarica Pant. Ir 61. var. Madagascarensis Ct.. II 60. var. maxima Cu. . Ir 60. var. Rattrayi Pant... . II 60. spectatissima GREV. . I al. sphaerophora Donk. . I 110. > Ke. Il 6. var. minor. . Il 6. var. aubonpiiata: GRun. II 6. Spicula (Hickig) . I 110. splendida Gree. I 87. var. arata Pant. I 91. spuria Cu... ; Tl 31. var. symmetrica OL. . Il 31. St. Thomae Cu. Il 36. Stauroptera GrRun. TI 82, 83. forma gracilis II 83. forma parva... Ir 83. Stercus muscarum Cu... . IL 5d, Stodderi (GREENL.) . I 110. var. insignis Grun. M. S. I 110. stomatophora Grun. Il 83. strangulata Griv..... . I 80. Stuxbergit Ch... 1... Il 96. var. amphiglottis Grun.. II 96. var. leptostauron Grun. II 96. var. subcontinua Grun. Il 96. (Vanheurckia?) StyriacaGrun. I 122. Styriaca GRun. 2... I 45. suavis CL. & GROVE I 155. subalata GRuN. II 36. subcapitata GREG. . Il 75. subcincta A. 8. I 86. subdivisa GRUN. . I 57. subfusca Pant. . . I 94. subhamulata Grun. I 138. subimpressa GRUN. II 29. var. tenwior Cu. IL 29, subinflata GRUN. . I 141. var. elliptica Cu. I 141. sublinearis GRUN.. . . Il 74. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. sublyrata GRUN.. . . Ir 46. subnuda A. 8. I 81. var. densestriata . I 82. suborbicularis Grxc. I 81. var. Nankoorensis. . I 99. subrhomboidea Castr. . Il 160. subsalina DonxK.. . I 58. (decurrens E. var. ?) subsolaris Grun. I 84. var. brevestriata GRUN. Ir 84. subtilissima Cu. T 141. subula GRun. . fuss T 183, subventricosa GRUN.. . 1 62. sulcata Ch. «4 ¥6 ve & I 110. > GREV. . I 75. (Rhoiconeis) superba Cn. Ir 29. var. elliptica Cu. Il 29. supergradata Brun I 62. superimposita A. 8. Ir 34. Surinamensis Cu. TI 9, suspecta A.S. . . : I 101, var. Czekehazensis Pant. I 84, Szaboi Pant. P30: anes I 131. Szontaghit Pant. 1 99, Tabellaria E. II - 84. > Donk. Tl 91. V. Hox. Il 83. iadida RYLANDS I 7. Tahitensis Grun. I 52. Taschenbergeri A. 8. I 87, 104. Tau Cu. I 9. Temperei BRUN | Ir 98. tenella A. 8. II 22. > Brts. . II 17. var.? fossilis Panr. . I 17. Termes BE... .. . Il 76. var. staur cena Il 76. Theta Cu... : Il 9. Theelii Cu. . . Il 96. Thorax Brun . II 8b. Thumii Pant... 2... I 82, Thurholmensis Dannr. I 109. Thuringiaca Ru. . Tl 81. Thuringica Ke. . I 40. Torneensis Ct. II 44. var. Aboensis Ct. Ir 44. tortuosa Lxrup.-F. I 30. Toulaae Pant. . . It 44. transfuga GRuUN.. . TI 48, 565. forma fossilis Pant. . II 49. var. Neupaueri (Pant.). II 45, 49. var. plagiostoma (GRUN.- WI 49. transitans Ch. . F IL 27. var. asymmetrica Ch. II 28, 29. var. derasa GRUN. ‘ Il 28. forma gracilenta Grun. II 28. forma minuta . II 28. var. erosa CL. . Il 28. var. incudiformis Grun. Il 28. transversa A. 8. II 90. transylvanica Panz. . II 85. var. producta GRUN. . Il 85. Trevelyana Donk. . Tr 98. var. Hungarica Pant. . Ir 98. trigonocephala Cu... . Il 27. trigramma FrRES. .... . Ir 6. trilineata Grove & St. I 74. trinodis ARNOTT II 190. > Lewis I 53. > V. How: 6 4 eis I 182. var. biceps Grun. . I 132. trinotata Pant. I 187. triundulata Grun. I %. Trochus EB... . . . oe be EL » Scuum........ I 53. KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 2%, wn:o 3. 215 Troglodytes Pant... .... I 140. Wankareme Cu... . I 109. var. Atlantica Grun. II 148. Troyana Grun.. .... II 88. Wiesneri Panv. . I 84. Barbadensis GREv. . Ir 149. Truani Payxt.. . .. IL 57. Weissflogii A. S. I 9. var. Nankoorensis Grun. II 149. truncata Donk... .... II 30. Weisstlogii (Grun.) I 152. var.? a a Brun. II 149. Tschuktschorum Cu. . .. IL 65. Wilezeckii Grun. .. Il 20. Clevei Groun. : II 148. tumens W. SM........ 6. Williamsonii O'MgEa. a ois He A884 cocconeiformis GRUN. . II 149. (Scoliopleura) tumida (Bris.) I 155. Wittii Grun. . . I 638. cribosa GRun. II 149. var. Adriatica Grun. I 155. Wrightt O’Mza. . gin oT 61; var. . . TI 149. tumida W. Sm. . . II 22. P6180) (ae ee Ir 41. (Stictoneis) Crucicula Grun. . II 148. genuina GRUN. . II 22, 41. Yarrensis GRUN.. . . IL 69. (Stictoneis) fimbriata Bricut II 148, 171. var. lanceolata Grun.. . II 23, 41. var. Americana Cu. ... ID 69. Grovei Cu. ‘ A T 149. var. subsalsa Grun. . II 19, 22, 41. var. Aradina Pant. . . Il 69. var. rhombica Ct. II 149. turgidula Pant... ..... 63. var. bituminosa Pant. . It 69. Horvathiana Gron. II 149. Tuscula KE. . . I 9, 42. var. De Wittiana Kain & Scu. II 69. notata Pant. ..... : TI 151. var. arata GRoN. . Il 24. var. gracilior Pant... . II 69. Oamarnensis CL... .. .. . II 150. (Dickieia) ulvacea (BERK ) I 129. var. hevesensis Pant. . . II 70. ovata GRUN. II 156. undosa E. le Cao a a a I 130. var.? Phalangium Panr. . . II 69. Pethéi Pant... . Il 149. Undula Scuum..... . Il 78. var. Simbirskiana Pant... II 70. splendida (GRuc.) Ir 148. vacillans A. 8... ‘ I 95. var. valida Pant... ... Ir 69. Wrightii O’Mza.. . Ir 148. var. renitens A. 8. wag)! De QO: Ypsilon Ch... .. .. . I 59. Pinnularia E. : go SL Tb: forma minuta .. I 9. Zanardiniana Grun.... . I 63. Brevistriate. . . II 8. vagabunda Brun... . . TI 108. Zanzibarica Grey... .. IL 64. Capitate = = = ...... Il 75. Vahliana Grun. . ‘ II 70. var, A. 8. : Ir 64. Complexe. . Ir 90. valida Ch. & Grun. .. .. IE 26. var. Zebuana CastrR. . Il 64. Distantes . . ... II 80. var.? Capensis Ch... . TI 25. Zechentert Pant. . : I 82. Divergentes ... Il 77. var. minuta Ch... 1... II 25. Zellensis Gun. .... .. ‘I' 7. Gracillime i” Ga Ir 74. vann A. SS... bite tera IT 89. Zeta Ch. . . 1. . It 42. Majores . .... I 88. varians GREG. ..... IE 23. var. Mexicana Cu. .... TL 42. Marine... ... : Ir 94. variolata Ch. . . . . . ‘It 57. Zostereti GRUN. ..... II 29, 31. Tabellariee . bapag oe DE a8L. Vaszaryi Pant. . II 183. var. Seychellensis Ch. . . . II 381. acrospheria BREB. , . II 86. Vege Ch... ... ‘ I 111. Navicule. forma genuina, . .... II 86. var. subconstricta Gron. I 111. Bacillares Ch... . I 136. forma maxima... Ir 86. velata A. 8. ae I 194. Decipientes GRUN.. ... . I 1388. forma minor... .. II 86. veneta Ka... . 2... Il 14. Decussate Grun. . .... II 4. var. levis Ch... . .. II 86. > Scuum. ....... I 108. Entoleie Cu. 5 I 181. var. turgidula Grun. M. 8. II 86. (Stauroneis) ventricosa Ke. . I 129. Fusiformes Cu. I 105. var. undulata Ch... ... II 86. ventricosa E. , IT 52. Heterostiche Ch. ...... Il 8. acuminata W. Sm. x a TT 85. var. Jenisseyensis ‘Gron. I 62. Levistriate CL... 1... Il 66. acuta W. 8M... 2.2... Ir 17. var. Kjellmaniana Cu. I 52. Lineolate Cu. . Soe took, 710; acutiuscula GREG. .. . II 27. var. minuta ... 2. - . I 652. luxuriose Ch... . .... I 74, Aistuarii Cp. 2. 2... . Ir 93. var. subundulata Grun.. . I 52. Lyrate Cu. . .. Il 52. alpina W. Sm.. Ir 81. var. truncatula Grun.. . . I 52. Mesoleie Cu. ........ I 127. ambigua Cu. ..... “I 30, 94, 141. Venus Pant. . , I 66. Microstigmatice Cu. . I 141. var. (Amphora) Digitus A. S. IL 95. venusta Jan. M. 8. Tl 56. Minuscule Ch. ..... Il 3. apiculata Grace... . II 30. > PANG: a we 4 Be Ss I 64. Nicobarice Cu. ; I 74. appendiculata Ag. . ie ote EE DS var. intermedia Cu. ... ID 56. Orthostiche CL... . « « 110%, var. Budensis GRUN.. . . TI 75. venustissima Kirton . . I 57. Punctate ie ore ee TE Be Arramiensis OMEA. . .. I 97. vernalis Donk. . . : Il 20. Neidium Prirzsr . won I 67. Balfouriana Grun. M.S... . IL 80. versicolor GRuUN. : , II 66. affine (E.). . I 68. biceps Gree. . . . Il 76. Vetula A.S..... ..» I 8b. var. amphirhynchus E.. I 68. bistriata (LeuD.-F.) .. . Il 95. Vidovichit Gron. . ». IT 63. forma major I 68. Bogetensis Grun. Il 83. virginea Cie sos +« IT 56: forma minor I 68. borealis E. . .. . .. II 80. viridis Ke... ... ; II 91. var. genuina CL.. . I 68. var. scalaris E. . II 81. var. commutata GRUN. : II 92. forma maxima. . ». I 69 Brandelii Ch. . oy ae ee E> BB. var. conifera Brun & Hér. II 93. forma media . .. . I 69. Braunii Grow. . oo Il 75. var. fossilis Pant: . . » IT 92. forma minor ; I 68. Brebissoni Ke. . . IL 7, var. icostauron Grun. .. II 98. var. longiceps Gruc.. ... I 68. var. diminuta Grun.... II 78. var. Patagonica Cie ee oD Det var. undulata Grun. . I 68. var. notata Per. & Hiir.. . IL 78. var. semicruciata GRUN.. II 92. amphigomphus E..... . I 69. brevicostata Ct. . ... ID 86. var. staurophora Pant... IL 79. bisulcatum (Lerst.) ..... I 68. var. Demerare CL... . Il 8&6. var. sublinearis GRrun. . It 93. citreum (A.S) ....... I 70. var. leptostauron Cu.. .. II 86. var. styliformis Grun. . . IT 93. dilatatum (E.)... .... I 7. capitata BE... . . Ir 16. viridula Ke. . aus , II 15. dubium (E.). ........ I 70. Cardinaliculus CI. . : = AE LOY forma major... 1... II 16. ‘Hitchecockii (E.) . aa FT 6% cardinalis E. II 80, 94. var. abbreviata Grun. M. 8. IT 15. [ridis: (Ee ek ee I 69. Chilensis BLEIscH . : Ir 80. var. avenacea BREB. . Ir 15. var. ampliata E. . «a EF 69. cincta EH... 2... : I 16. var. rostellata Ke... . . II Wb. oblique-striatum (A. 8.) ... I 69. Claviculus (GREG.) Ir 96. var. Slesvicensis (Grun.). . II 15. productum (W. Sm.) . I 69. var. Javanica. Il 97. forma minor. ..... Ir 15. tumescens (GRUN.) I 70. conspicua A. S. 2... II 88. vitred: Clin 2 %.4 2 eo mB I 111. Odontidium Ke. constricta Cu. . ie Ge ee AS QB. (Alloneis) vitriscala. Brun Il 34. Baldjikii Brier... ... . Il 187 > OMEa. . . . II 382. Vukotinovicii Pant. I 58. Okedenia Evut. Coupert Baw... .. . . II 68. Vulpecula A. S. I 98. infleca Eul. M. 8. IL 131 criophila CastR. Il 27. vulpina Ke... 1. . II 15, Orthoneis Grun. cruciata Ch... : . I 97. yar. Oregonica Ch... . . . II 16. (Stictoneis) binotata Grun. TI 148. cruciformis (Donx.) eR II 97. 216 var. brevior Ch... .... var. Seychellensis Grun.. . var. Upolensis . Cyprinus EB... Dactylus E.. . ... var. Dariana A. S. var. Demerare CL. var. horrida Hir. & Prr. dicephala E. aes didyma E. . digito-radiata GREG. distinguenda Ct. . distans W. Su... divaricata O'MEA divergens W. ‘Sm. . var. cuneata GRUN. var. elliptica Grun. . forma ornata GRUN. . . var. Schweinfurthii (A. S.). var. sublinearis CL. . ; divergentissima (GRuN.) Elginensis Grrg. ..... episcopalis C1. Ode AER var. Africana Ch... .. . var. brevis Cu. Ergadensis Gre Esox E. excellens Cu. . var. interrupta Ch. exigua GREG. . Flamma (A. 8.) Flammula A. 8. . flexuosa Ch... .. Floridana Cu. fortis Grze. Garganica Rau. . Gastrum E. gentilis (Donx.) gibba (E.?) W. Sm. Gigas BE... . . globiceps Gres. var. Kro¢kii Grun. gracillima GREG. 48 Groenlandica (Cu.). ... Hartleyana GREV... . hebridensis GREG. . hemiptera (Ke.) . . var. en a Cu. heteropleura K. Heufleri: Grun. Hilseana (Jan.) . inflexa GREG. . integra GRUN. M.S... integra W. Sm. . . intermedia (Lerst.) interrupta W. Sm. . > PEDIC. forma biceps forma stauroneiformis . . var. crassior GRUN. interrupta 8 W. Sm. isocephala E. isostauron (E.) Grun. Johnsonii W. Sm. . Karelica Cu. Kefvingensis E. lata BREB. var. curta Gron. var. latestriata Gree. var. minor GRUN. ..... var. Rabenhorstii Grun. . . latestriata GreG. ..... latevittata CL. . var. Domingensis Ch. Legumen E...... var. Florentina Grun. Il 78. var. ornata CL... . . II 78. leptosoma (GRUN.) Il 74. leptostigma E. Il 24. lignitica Cu. ‘ II 85. lobata (GRovE & Sr.) Il 97. longa Gree. ........ IL 27. luculenta (A. S.). . II 82. macilenta (E.) Cu. II 88. major Ke. ...... 0. Ir 89. var. asymmetrica Cu. . IT 89. var. heroina (A. 8S.) .... IL 89. var. linearis CL... Il 89. var. subacuta E. II 89. var. transversa A. S II 90. var. turgidula Cu. .. Ir 89. medio-constricta Rey... .. II 91. megaloptera E.. . ... It 81. mesogongyla EK... .... IT 84, 92. var. interrupta Cu. Ir 84. mesolepta E. It 7. var. angusta CL. « « IF 76. var. polyonca Brig... . IL 76. var. stauroneiformis Grun.. II 76. microstauron E....... Il 77: modesta GRUN. ...... II 87. molaris (Gron.) Il 74. Monile E. Il 87. nana GREG... ..... Ir 16. nobilis E.. . 2... .. II 92. var. fossilis Pant... . . II 98. var. neogena GRUN. Il 98. nodosa H.. .. Il 37. forma capitata ...... Il 87. forma genuina. . II 87. var. Formica E.. . Ir 87. oblonga W. Sm... . . IT Qt. oblonga-linearis Kostowsky . II 91. Oregonica Ch... .... II 89. ovalis Hitse .. 1... . I 92. uh iptera He wwe ee Ir 81. ura Brus. var. elongata Gane. sah Oe ie BAe ao - I 100. parva (E.) GREG. : . Il 87. var. Lagerstedtii Cu... . . ID 87. var. Nove Zealandie CL... II 87. Paulensis Grun. M. 8. . II 86. peregrina E. : Ir 18. permagna Batt. . I 59. Placentula E.. II 23. platycephala E. er Il 79. polyonca Brus. . . Ir 87. pretecta E. Bq aed II 6b. pygmea BE... ... Il 16. quadratarea (A. S.) . . . Il’ 965. var. amphiglottis Grun. Il 96. var. asymmetrica Cu. II 96. var. Baltica Grun. : II 95. var. fluminensis Grun.. . II 96. var. interrupta Cu. ig TD 95: var. Kerguelensis Grun. . . II 96. var. leptostauron Grun. . II 96. var. Loczyi Pant... .. . Il 96. var. minor GRuN. .... Il 96. var. Seychellensis Grun.. . II 95. var. Séderlundii Cr... .. I 95. var. Stuxbergii Cu. Il 96. var. subcontinua GRun. II 96. var. subproducta Grun. II 96. var. Tahitensis Grun. . . II 95. var. Theelii Ch... ... II 96. Rabenhorstiana Huse... . Il 77. radiosa W. Sm. eg It 17. Raéana Castr....... Ir 69. Rangoonensis Grun. M.S... II 83. Pp. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. rectangulata (Gree. forma subundulata. ... Rhaphoneis E. rostellata GREG... . eres! rostrata W. Smu.. . rupestris HrzscH..... . secernenda (A. 8.). . semiplena GREG. signata E. Silesiaca BuBISCH.. . . . Sillimanoruam E..... singularis (A. 8.) Spitzbergensis. ...... var. stomatophora Cu. Stauntonii Grun. stauroneiformis W. Sm... . stauroptera (GRUN.) var. interrupta Cu. var. sancta Grun. M. S. : : var. semicruciata Cu. stomatophora GRUN.... . var. continua CL. streptoraphe Cu... . var. minor Ct. Sos var. styliformis Grun. . subacuta E.. 2... 1. we subcapitata GREG... ... var. paucistriata GRUN. sublinearis (GRUN.) subsolaris GRUN.. ..... var. Australiensis Ch. . . var. brevistriata Grun. var. linearis Cn. . subtilis GREG. . Sudetica Hiuse . . Tabellaria E. . 7. Temperei (Brun) tenuis GREG... . Thorax (Brun) Trevelyana (Donx.) > var. angusta Ch. trigonocephala Cu. . Tuscula BE... . undulata GREG. . var. subundulata GRuN. viridis (NiTzscH) ae var. commutata GRUN. var. dispar Scuum. var. distinguenda Cu. . var. fallax CL. var. intermedia Cu. var. var. minor Cu. var. rupestris Hrzscu. var. semicruciata GRrun. viridis B W. Sm. viridula E. he > W. Sm... Plagiotropis PrirzEr. Baltica Prrrzur gibberula Grun.. “at leptogongyla (E. ?) Gaus. (Baltica var.?) mediterr anea GRUN. recta GRUN.. . ..... Samoensis GRUN. . . Van Heurckii Grun. (Baltica var.?) sealigera Grun. vitrea GRUN. .. 2... var. Lindigii Grun. . Pleuroneis Cr... .. Pleurosigma W. Sm... . acuminatum (Ke.) Grun. >» W. Sm. acutum Norm. . KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. var. Australasicum Grun. . var. Australica Grun. . _equatoriale Cu. Astuarii (BRes.) intermedia Grun. . minuta GRun. GRUN. . fossilis Gron. . interrupta Per. . Marylandica Grun. . Nicobarica GRrun. var. Normanii Pzr.. . angulatum W. Sm. > (QUEKETT) . forma undulata Grun... . var. Asstuarii BAS var. convexa (GRUN.). . . var. elongata var. Finmarchica Cu. var. Javanica Grun. : var. quadrata (W. Sm.). . . var. strigosa (W. Sm.) . angustum Donk. arcuatum Donx. attenuatum W. Sm. . var. Caspia Gron. Australe GRUN. . Australicum Wirt Baileyi Grun. Balticum W. Sm. . .. > @W.SmM..... > y W. SM. . var. Brebissonii Gruy. var. Californica GRun. Biharense Pant. : Brebissonit Grun. . Brunii Cu. ‘ ‘candidum Scuum. . Capensis Prtit (Donkinia) carinatum Doyx. Clevei Grun. var. cornuta Grun. M. 8. var. fossilis Brun . var. Sibirica Gron. M. 8. compactum GREV. (Balticum var. ?) constrictum GRUN. cuspidatum Cu. decorum W. Sm. . . (var.?) Americana PER. var. Dalmatica GRun. . var. inflata Pur. delicatulum W. Sm. ..... var. Africana GRUN.. . var. Americana CL. 4s var.? Kariana GRun... . var. obtusiuscula GRoUN. . var. Salinarum GRuUN. (Balticum var.?) diminutum GRun. a> (eee eB directum Gron. distortum W. 8m.. elongatum W. Sm. . var. Balearica var. fallax GRUN. var. gracilescens GRUN. var. gracilis GRUN. var. Kariana (GRuN.) Eudon Pant. eximium (BREB.) Exsul Cu.. . (Rhoicosigma) falcatum Donk. Fasciola W. 8m. : K. Sv. Vet. Akademiens aamadtniead BHR RE RR e is ie! Qo on FR oe fo a) SHR RRR oo eo Febigerii_Grun. . Finmarchicwm Cu. formosum W. Sm....... var. Arcus Cu. (Rhoicosigma) var. Balearica Grun. . . var. Dalmatica (Grun.). . var. longissima Grun. Gala; eae Ox. . Gallicum (Grun.) Prr. giganteum GRuN. glaciale Cu.. ; gracilentum Reu.. . gracilescens GRun. Grovesii Prr. Griindleri Grun.. . hamuliferum Brun. . Heros Ch... ..... Hippocampus W. Sm. Hungaricum Cu. & Bruyn hyalinwm Gaon. ibericum PER. . (Rhoicosigma?) incertum ‘Pur. inflatum SHavs. i intermedium W. Sm. . . var. amphipleuroides Gun. Italicum Par. Japonicum Castr. Javanicum GRuUN. Karianum Grun. Kerguelense GRuN.. . . (Navicula?) Kjellmanii Ch. Kochit Pant... Kiitzingii Grun. lacustre W. Sm.. lanceolatum Donk... var. cuspidata Cu. var. Tahitensis Grun. latiusculum Prr. (Rhoicosigma?) lineare Grun. litorale W. Sm. a longine W. Su... (Donkinia?) longissimum ( On. longum Ch. . . P var. Americana (PEr.) var. inflata (PER.) Lorenzii Groun. macilentum PER. macrum W. SM. majus GRUN. Makron Jounst. marinum DonkK....... var. Antillarum (PER.) var. Barbadensis Gruny. . var. Italica (PER.) . (Rhoicosigma?) Maroccanum Ct. minutum GRUN. ea is > Donk... . naviculaceum Bris. forma minuta . Neogradense Pant. . Nicobaricum Grun. . var. hamulifera (BRUN.) var. Indica Prr. var. Sagitta (BRuN & Tear. nodiferum Grun. Normanii Raurs . : var. fossilis (GRUN.) . . var. Marylandica (Grov.) Nubecula W. Sm. var. amphipleuroides (Grow. var. intermedia (W. Sm.) var. Mauritiana GRuUN. var. parvula GRUN.. . . var. subrecta C1. Bd 27. N:o 3. Fo oe Mae Mee Mn Men cn co ec Bc ln ce ce ce No ee ee ne aT ee cee re ee ee Moe Be el oe oe ee ee ee ee BAND 21. w:io 3 217 obliquum Grun. . I 118. obscurum W. Sm. . . ew Eb 43. var. Barbadensis Cu.. . I 48. var. Mediterranea GRUN. I 44. O’Mearii (Grun.) PE. I 111. aradoxum PER. I 39. arkeri HARRISON. . . I 116. var.? stawronecides Grun.. I 116. pelagicum Perr. . I 37, 42. Peragalli Brun I 35. var. gracilior CL. I 35. var. perangusta CL. . I 36. plagiostonum GRuN. . I 118. prelongum CL. I 39. prolongatum W. Sm. . 1117. var. closteroides GRUN. I 117. pulchrum Gron. : I 44. pusillum GRun. . I 39. quadratum W. Su. . I 41. var.? rhombeum Grun. T 48. rectum Donk. . I 120. reversum GREG... ... . I 119. rhombeum Grun. I 42. rhomboides Cu. I 41. rigidum W. Sm... . I 39. var. gigantea (GRUN.) I 39. var. incurvata Brun . I 329. (Rhoicosigma) robustum Grow. I 121. Sagitta Brun & TEmMp. I 36. salinarum GRUN. . io 8 I 39. var. paradoxa (PER.) . I 39. var. pusilla GRUN.. . . I 39. scalproides Rau. I 118. scalprum BRB... . . I 114. var. Gallica Grun. I 114. Sciotense Suutv. I 118. simile Grun. . I 119. Sinense var. Calcuttensis GRuyn. . I 119. Smithianum Caste. . I 120. Smithii Grun. T 115. speciosum W. Sm. I 44. var.? abrupta PER. I 44. var.? gracilis PER. I 44. var.? major GRUN. I 44, var. Mediterranea Grun. I 44. var. pulchra (GRun.). . I 44. var.? Sumatrica PER. : I 44. var.? tortuosa Ch... ... I 44. spectabile Grun. I 118. Ypencertt W. Sm. . . I 117. var. acutiuscula GRrun. I 115. var. Arnottit GRun. . I 117. var. Antillarum Grun. I 117. var. borealis GRun. 1 117. var. curvula GRUN. . . I 117. var. exilis GRUN. . . I 117. var.? Febigerit Grun. . I 115. var. Kiitzingii Grun. . I 115. var minutula GRun. YT 117. var. nodifera GRUn.. I 117. var.?2 Pevsonis GRun. I 119. var.? scalproides RBu. I 118. var. Smithit Grun. I 117. var. subsalina PER. . I 119. staurophorum GRun. I 456. strigilis W. Sm.. 1 115. strigosum W. Sm. . I 41. var.? convexra GRUN. » I: 41. (Rhoicosigma) Stuxbergii Cut. I 41. var. latiuscula (PER.) I 41. var. minor GRuUN. see) a 4b var. rhomboides Ch. . . . I 41. subrectum Cu. I 35. subrigidum Groun. I 39. 28 218 (Fasciola Sm. var.?) suleatum GRONe soe ee hg I 116. Tahitense Wirt . I 45. (Fasciola Sm. var.?) tenuiro- stris GRUN. . .. 1116, tenuissimnum W. Sm. . I 117. var. hyperborea Grun. I 117. var. subtilissima Grun. . T 117. Terryanum Per. i I 114. Thumii Casrr. I 36. tortuosum Cu. 2 ot I 44. transylvanicum Pant. T 114. transversale W. SM. . I 36. > 8 ROPER I 37. tropicum GRuN. I 115. umbilicatum Cu. ¥ .. 1 438. validum SHapB.. ..... . I 39. var. Nicobarica GRun. . I 36. Virginiacum H. L. Smirn I 40. vitreum CL... d 2 . TM Wansbeckii Donx. ok ~ 119. (Rhoicosigma) Weissflogii (Gees ) I 48. Wormleyi Suruiv. I 115. Pleurostauron Rasu. Frauenfeldit_Grun. . I 150. Javanicum GRUN. . I 150. linearis Huse T 150. Pseudo-Amphiprora Cu. I 70. Crucifix (Trmp. & Br.) I 71. impleta (Cu. & GROVE). . I 71. jugata CL. : : I 71. var, Pensacole Cu. 1 71. polygona (BRUN). I 71. stauroptera (Bart.) . bo seat I 71. Pseudo-Dictyoneis Pant. Hungarica Cu. . . J 31. Rhaphidodiscus CHRISTIAN. Christianit Febigerii Tu. CurisT1an I 96. Marylandica Rhaphoneis E. amphiceros E. ; Ir 191. Archeri O'Mga .. . : II 181 Baldjikii Grun.. 2. 0... II 187 dubia Groun. a Ii 153 fluminensis Grun. IL 187. Jonesii O’MEA II 171. Lorenziana GRuwn. ° II 187. mammalis Castr. . Il 187. marginata GRUN. Il 170. Moorit O’Mga Il 171. Quarnerensis GRUN. II 185. scutelloides Gron. . II 182. scutellum E. IL 187. suborbicularis O’MEa II 167 Rhoiconeis Groun. Bolleana Grun. . . Ir 25. var. asymmetrica Ch. II 29. var.2 Sibirica GRuN. II 29. Garkeana Grun. I 154. genufleca GRuN. II 26. trinodis GRUN. IL 190. Rhoicosigma Grun. Antillarum Cu. I 120. arcticum CL. . . ep. 9; compactum GRUN.. . .. .. I 120. (Reichardtii var.?) constric- tum GRUN. . ; acd & A120; Corsicanum PER. . .. 1 120. falcatum (Donk.) GRUN, . ee, as a A (arcticum var.?) irregulare PRRe s.r T 119. lineare GRUN.. ...... I 120. Maroccanum Cu. I 42. Mediterraneum Cu. I 121. oceanicum PER... . Reichardtianum Gru. robustum PER. er Weissflogit Grun.. . . . Rhoicosphenia Grun. curvata Ke... . var. fracta ScHum. var. major Cu. Van Heurckii Grun.. . . Schizonema Ag. albicans Ke. . . amplius GRun. apiculatum C. Ag. comoides C. AG.. corymbosum Ac. crucigerum W. Sm. Dillwynii Ae. Grevillei Ac... 2... Japonicum Brun lacustre Ac. molle W. SM. . neglectum Tuw.. . ramosissimum C. AG. Smithii Ac... tb Thwaitestti Gron.. ... torquatum W. Sm. Schizostauron Grow. . andicolum Ct. . nage Cruciculum Grun. ..... jimbriatum Grun...... Lindigianum Grown. Lindigii Gro. ovatum GRUN.. .. . : Reichardtianum GRuN.. .. . Sagitta Cu. : Reichardtii Grun. ? Tatricum (Gutw.) De Toni Scoliopleura Grun. . Adriatica Grun. elegans CL. . . latestriata (BRuis.) Gro. Peisonis Grun. ‘ Schneideri (GruN.). . . . . Szakalensis Pant. . tumida (Brés.) Rau. Scoliotropis Ch... .... Gilliesii CL. & ComBER latestriata BrEB. var. Amphora Cu. Sphenella Ke. angustata Ke. : naviculoides Hrzscu obtusata Ke. parvula (Ke.) . vulgaris (Ke.). Stauroneis E. (Pleurostauron) acuta W. Sm. var. Terryana TEMP. . ini var. undulata Cu. . acutiuscula Pur. & Hi. (Libellus) Africana Cu. ar var. acuminata GRUN. .. . ‘amphicephala Ke... ... . amphilepta E. amphioxys GREG... ... amphorotdes GRUN.?. anceps KE, : amphicephala Ke. . . argentina Ch... . 4. . birostris (E.) . . . derasa GRun. M. S. . elongata CL. .. 1... . fossilis Ch... 2. ‘ . gracilis (E.?) . 2... . I 106, I ho 4H HHA HH RHE HEH RHR RHA S oO i a 181, a eee = on ~ I 26. aa Pe oo HHH _ lee} pare P. T. CLEVE, SYNOPSIS OF THE NAVICULOID DIATOMS. var. hyalina Per. & Brun. I 147, var. linearis E. Se I 147. var.? nobilis ScHum. . I 148. var. obtusa Grun. M.S... I 148. var. recta CL. . BC see cic’ I 148. var. Siberica Grun. . . I 147. andicola Ch. ...... I 151 apiculata GREv. F . IT 187. ustralis GREV.. .. . I 194. baccata Lrup.-F. ‘ . I 195. Bacillum Grun.. . . . ; I 50. Baileyi E. I 149. Balearica Ch. . 1... I 111. (Libellus) Biblos Cu... . I 145. biformis GRuN.. ... . I 194. birostris EB... 2... : I 147. bistriata Leup.-F....... Tr 95. Boryana Pant. ...... T 149. Brebissonii Castr. .1 60, IE 98. Brunii Per. & Hier... I 149. Cohnii Brun. ... . . I 128. > Hinsk. 200 se ne 129. I (Libellus) constricta (E.)W.Smu. I cornuta Lxup.-F. Crucicula (GruN.). . . I 161. > W. Sm. ... = . 1140. decora GREV..... ; I 7. delicatula Lreup.-F. . . , Il 68. Demerare Cu. Si 38 . IT 147. desiderata Ch... ‘ I 146. dilatata FE... ....... I 148. > StrOs—E..... II 48. > WwW. Su... ... I 140. Eichhornii Scuom. ta a TE AB: Erythrea Grun. . . Il 48. exilis Ke. ........4 II 190. Finmarchica Cu. & Gron. . II 28. (Pleurostauron) Frauenfeldiana GRUN.. i wy be ee ak T 150. (Pleurostauron) Fulmen Bricut I 150. Gallica Per. & Hur. I 147. glacialis CastrR.. . .. . . I 24. Goeuperaantt BLEIScH. . I 129. gracilis E.. 2... I 147. > WwW. Sm... I 149. (gracilis var. ?) argentina Cu. 1 148. Gregorii RauFs ...... I 145. var. diminuta Grun.. .. I 146. Heufleri Grun. . I 130. hyalina Danner. . ioe ae. Ae inflata Ke. ob II 192. Janischiit Rau. . . I 141. Javanica Grun.? ... . I 149. (Pleurostauron) Javanica Grun. I 150. Kochi Pant. ww ws, J 150. kriophila .Grun. I 146. lanceolata Ke. ..... I 149. Legumen (E£.). J 149. (Pleurostauron) Legumen (B) KGs 4 e hw ws : I 149. var. LEWIS... J 149. Lindigiana Groun. T 151. linearis E. I 147. > GRuN. ....... I 148. > Lerst I 141. > W. Su I 150. lineolata EF. ........ I 110. maculata Bau... ..... IE 46. Meniscus Scuum...... Ir 19. microstauron BE. .... Il 77. minutissima Lerst. . I 128. nobilis ScHum. I 148. ? obesa GREV.. Ir 187. obliqua Gree... ... . ‘ I 130. J 149. (Pleurostauron) enone Gaoy.: KONGL. SV. VET. oblonga GREG. ....... I 192. (Pleurostauron) obtusa Lerst. I 149. ovalis Gree. : I 128. ovata GRuN. ........ I 151. pachycephala Ch. ..... . I 146. pacifica Castr. . . I 146. te icurastaunan) parvula JAN. 150, 149. > GRun. T 149. var. rieosluees GrRuN.. . . I 149. var. prominula Grun. M.S. 1 149. ? pellucida Ch. ...... I 144. forma arctica. . .... I 145. forma Mediterranea I 145. perminuta GRun. I 146. perpusilla Grun. ...... I 146. var. obtiuscula Grun. . I 146. Phoenicenteron E. . I 148. var. amphilepta E. I 149. var. Baileyi E. I 149. var. genuinag ...... I 149. Phyllodes E. 1... ..... I 148. polygramma E. ge ete, Ts 20: polymorpha Lerst...... T 129. producta GRUN. . a I 149. pteroidea Bai. . . I 149, pulchella W. Sm. ..... I 191. punctata Ke. . i 19. pymea Castr. I 191. warnerensis .GRUN. IT 111. rectangularis GREG. 1 181. Reichardtiana Grun. . I 151. Reinhardtii Grun. II 20. robusta PETIT. . . I 191. Roteana Rew. ....... I 128. salina W. Sm... ...... I 145. var.? latior DAaNnF. I 145. Scandinavica Lerst. II 48. Schinzii (BRuN.) . I 146. Semen E.. ... . oe I 129. septentrionalis GRUN. I 146. Siebolditi BE. .. 1. .... I 148. (Pleurostauron) Smithii Grun. I 150 spicula Hickig .. . . 1110 todderi GREENLEAF I 110. sulcata CL... . . I 110. Szontaghii Pant... .. T 150. Tahitiana Casrr. II 187. Tatrica GUTWINSEY . I 181. truncata Ru. : II 192. tumidula Grun.. . . I 192. undulata HiILsE I 130. ventricosa Ke. . I 129. Wittrockit Lor. I 181. Stauroptera E. Achnanthes E. . . I 191. aspera HK. . I 191. cardinalis E. Il 94. gibba BE. www we we Ir 82. asostauron E.. . Il 98. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. Legumen E. microstauron E. oblonga Batu. parva E. platycephala Pics cigs, be hee scalaris E. semicruciata E. truncata Ru. tuscula E Staurosigma Grow. Asiaticum Tremp. & Brun Stenoneis Ct. inconspicua (GREG.) var. Baculus Ch... .... Stictodesmis Grev. Australis GREV.. ...... Craticula L. Sm. Febigeritt. . . Stigmaphora Wa ttice. lanceolata WaLLicH. .. . rostrata WALLICH. . . Surirella Turp. Craticula E. ........ Quarnerensis GRUN.. . . . Synedra E. Atomus NGELI 2 Biasolettiana Ke... ... pusilla Ke... 2... ee Toxonidea Donk. . Balearica Cu... 2... 1. Challengenrensis CastR. . . . Gregoriana Donk... . var. Balearica CL. . insignis Donx. var. Madagascarensis (GRUN. ) var.? undulata (Norm.) . levis Witt... ..... Madagascarensis Grun.. . undulata Norm... . . Trachyneis Ct.. Antillarum Ct. var. Kurzii Grow. . aspera (E.) ree , var. Amphora BRUN var. angusta CL. var. Californica Cu. . var. contermina A. §. var. derasa CL. . var. genuina CL. : var. intermedia GRUN. var. Neumayeri Jan.. var. oblonga Batu.. . var. perobliqua CL. var. var. var. var. var. var. residua A. S.. rhombica Ct. . robusta PETIT vulgaris CL. pulchella W. Su... Schmidtiana GRun. . . Il aH H H RRR RRR HAR RHR HHH RH RRR BAND 27. w:o 3. 219 149. Brunii Cu. . I 193. 77. Clepsydra (Donx.) . I 192. 192. var. Scotica A. S. I 193. 87. Debyi Leup.-F. I 198. 79. var. osculifera CL. . I 193. 81. Johnsoniana (GREV.). . T 198. 83. ? tumidula Grun. . . I 192. 20. velata (A. S.) I 194. 19. Tropidoneis Cu. ...... I 22. Adriatica Cu. I 26. 56. antarctica (GRUN.) I 24. 123. approximata CL. . I 26. 124. Chinensis Ch. . I 27. 124. conserta (LEWwIs) I 28. elegans (W. Sm.) I 27. 152. var. Adriatica (Gron.) . I 27. 110. var.? Posewitzii (Pant. ir I 27. 110. gibberula (Grun.) . ; I 26. Japonica Cx. I 27. 162. Kinkeriana Ct. I 28. 162. lata Cu. ; I 28. Lepidoptera . (GREG.) . I 25. 110. var. delicatula (Grev). I 25. 182. var. minor CL. ..... I 25. var. proboscidea Cu. . . I 26. 4. var. Samoensis (GRUN.) I 25. 189. longa CL... ..... I 25. 128. var.? gracilis (GRUN.) I 2. 45. maxima (GREG.) I 26. 46. var.? decussata Ch. . . I 26. 46. var. dubia (CL. & Grun.) I 26. 46. var. subalata Cu. I 26. 46. membranacea Ct. I 24. 45. pusilla (GREG.) I 26. 46. recta (GREG.) I 28. 46. var.? subplicata (GRUN.) I 28. 131. Samoensis (GRun.) . I 28. 46. semistriata (GRUN.) 12%, 46. seriata CL. I 28. 190. solidula OL. . . I 265. 193. Sumbavensis Ch. ...... I 26. 194. Van Heurckii (Grun.) I 25, 27. 191. vitrea (W. Sm.) ..... 1 27. 192. var. Mediterranea (GRUN.) I 27. 191. var. scaligera (GRuN.) . . . I 28. 192. Zebra Ch... F I 28. 191. Vanheurckia Bris. 192. ambigua Bris. I 110. 191. crassinervia BREB I 123. 192. cuspidata Brés. I 109. 191. Lewisiana Brés. T 128. 192. rhomboides Brip....... I 122. 192. var. amphipleuroides Grun. I 123. 191. viridula BreB. ....... I 128. 191. vulgaris (THW.) . I 122. 192. Vibrio Mier. 191 ostrearius GAILLON .... . I 106. 192. Vorticella Mier. 191 pyraria MULLER I 186. PART I (Kongl. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl. Band. 26 N:o:2). Page 31 >» 1 ? » > » » > » >» >» >» » » » » » » > » » > » » > » » » » » » > » >» > » » » > * » > >» > ine 12* >» 15&16 » weevvvevuvvvvvvveve vee eee EEE YEE EYEE Orw eevvrve_vwvevervuvvueveve Vue sev eve ye eee EEE EH ee * From bottom. for farther chromotophore incerta concerta Lepidopt. Vv. Grev. 0,85 0,12 incurva javanica 16 /99 0,017 Coloneis Bacillum Coloneis 7a Kainitzii Kain Holuboi 0,07 0,013 Bribissonit Part IV Pl. I Grev. diatoma 0,25 obsusa Weisneri Gorjonovicti 0,35 0,025 - Grovett oblique 0,0025 0,009 Corrigenda. read further. > » » > » > >» » » » » > » » » >» > >» > » » » » >» » > > » > » » > wevvyvvyve © ¥ we chromatophore. insecta. conserta. pusilla. Frustule. Grun. 0,085. 0,012. incurvata. sumatrica. 16/19. 0,17. Caloneis. bacillaris. Caloneis. Ta. Kanitzii.- Brebissonit. Pl. IV. Greg. distoma. 0,025, obtusa. Wiesneri. Gorjanovicii. 0,035. 0,085. 0,088. 0,065. 0,058. 0,14. 0,006. 0,022. 0,25. Grovesii. longitudinal. 0,025. 0,09. Page 126 wevuvwevvyvy sev vy ve ev 127 133 189 140 141 146 150 » 152 153 161 170 177 181 189 191 ve_wyvyveve vv vee vy Yue Ev YY for 0,019 read 0,19. > 0,33 >» L. 0,33. » 0,02 >» 0,2. -» 0,088 » 0,0088. > naviculoides' » navicularis. >» 7 ite » Ta. » Pinnularia » Nav. » 0,12 » 0,012. » 464 > 564. > 0,0028 » 0,028. >» CL. » Climacosphenia, » 1822 » 1882. » 0,09 » 0,009. >» near » nearer. » Kockit » Kochii. > angusta » angust. >» peruvianum > peruanum. » Newmeyerit » Neumayerit. PART II (Kongl. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl. Band. 27 N:o 3). Page 7 line 19* 0 >» >» weevvvvevs ¥vveve_evvve vvew ye ve [No] oO weyevuvervyuvvyevvyv vue vevuvueyusv 21 28 for C. serians » and Nav. Tozzo- » > » » » » > » » » >» » » » » > > > » * » » nidea N. Wilezekii N. falaisiensis Exul Tremp. a. BRUN N. Schulzii rhomboides undulata hybrida Kostowsky 31 f. 18 kerguelensis Berscow ~ 24 6 melinitica arcticum Henrioti Quek. Greg. Saarch wee Yeu ve ¥Y Ewe HEE YEE OV read N. serians. N. Wilezeckii. N. falaisensis. TEMP. N. Schultzii. rhomboidea. undula. hemiptera. KosLowsky. 18. 21. f. 3. kerguelenensis. Borscow. 34 B. menilitica. arctica. Harioti. Quart. Grev. Schaarsch. K. Sv. Vet. Akad. Handi. Band 27. No 3. Plate I. 29 Fig. PLATE I. Amphipleura pellucida var. Truani V. H. — Spain, 59/1 . Pleurosigma prelongum CL. — Greenland, 7/1 . 4, Gyrosigma arcticum CL. var. — Kerguelens Land, "500 /, G. sciotense Sull. — Hudson River, 5/1 . G. diaphanum CL. — Ile de Bréhat, B00 Caloneis Beccariana GRUN. — Bengal, 1000/4 C. Anderssonii CL. — Galapagos Islands, °9°/1 C. Musca var. eurynota CL. -— Rio Janeiro, °%/1 . C. Hardmaniana CL. — Campeachy Bay, 50/4 N. Omicron CL. — Galapagos Islands, 50/4 Pinnularia cardinaliculus CL. — Waltham, Mass. P. spitsbergensis CL. — Spitsbergen, 0/1 . . P. constricta Cb. —- Galapagos Islands, °°°/1 . P. lignitica CL. — Japan, %/1. . 2... P. Aestuarii CL. — Connecticut, 500/, Navicula My CL. — China, 1000/4 Pinnularia Balfouriana GRUN. — Aberdeen 1), “150/y Navicula brasiliensis GRUN. var. bicuneata CL. — Bansasels, 50/4 ‘ Piniularia paulensis GRUN. — Demerara River, 10°°/1 P. trigonocephala CL. — Big Lake, Cal., 500 / ee P. major var. asymmetrica CL. — Waltham Mass., 5/1 P. flexuosa CL. — Crane Pond, *%/1. . . . P. Claviculus var. javanica CL. — Java, 1/1 Navicula concilians CL. — Honolulu, 5000/4 9 N. Schulzii Kain var. californica CL. — 8:n Pedro, Gali, "500 /4 N. Stercus muscarum CL. — China, 5/1 . N. glacialis CL. — Matotchin Scharr, 10/1 N. Chi Ct. — Balearic Islands, 1000//, N . Rhaphoneis GRUN. — Samoa, 10/1 . N. Amicoruam GRUN. — Samoa, 1009/1 N. subalata GRUN. —- Seychelles, SOUT has te <8 N. Formentere CL. — Balearic Islands, 1000/4 N. Phi Cu. — Seychelles, 9/1... . N. centraster CL. — Madagascar, 1000 /4 a ; N. pennata A. 8. var. maxima CL. — Naples, 6500/1 N. leptostigma EHB. — Oregon, 10/1 . . ee N. annulata GRUN. — Demerara River, 9/1 . 1) From a sketch sent by GRUNOW. . Part I, » . Part II, » » Page. 127. ee 2 Ht ms my) «TOT oe “HTLV AT If Sr mmm MT iLL ULL LAO” TN HTT, SCM” inn Tn, eho Cores ema = : “eae us Se _ Pate tat os VW nat TT 7 : an - “a ron mart ™ Lm yy an ite” bie NT Bs ETT Pp co (Qs. RRL LOCOMIA aT HET TTT CRORE a ecm If | wi T ene naa ——_— ———— ELA al — vm ea Eas is a ee ND ss Fae =— = ee ~ aa TN \ = 2 an So ee ne \ + i ae) Wt ay x int ' AR : we aL TT TTT gs | iw Mi un LL any ETN thlm. Lit. Anst.8 Ljustr. Gen. St2d. Plate II. 28, 30, 32, 35. 36, 38. PLATE Il. Navicula surinamensis CL. — Surinam, 19/1. . N. peregrina var. calcutteusis GRuN. — Calcutta, 500/, ‘ N. Pusio Cu. --- New Zealand, 19/1 . . N. oviformis CL. — Madagascar, 1000/5 Mastogloia labuensis CL. — Cebu, 1009/1. M. Citrus CL. — Adriatic, 10/1. M. minuta GREV. — Java, 1/1. M. pusilla GRUN. — Pensacola, 19/1 M. arata CL. — Island of Rhea, 59/1 ; oe M. laminaris EHB. var. intermedia CL. — Fapan, 1000/4 M. baldjikiana GRuN. --- Baldjik, 19/1 . M. flexuosa CL. — Adriatic, 1/1 . . M. acuta GRUN. — Labuan, 1°%/1 . . M. Grovei CL. var. rhombica CL. — Barbados, wa M. inaequalis CL. — Australia, 19/1 . M. fallax CL. —- Java, 29/1 2. 2... M. Sinithii THW. var. abnormis GRUN. — Karna. 1000/4 M. Jelineckii var. marina RABH. — Cebu, 10/1 . M. (Orthoneis) oamaruensis CL. — Oana, B00. so M. (Orthoneis) cocconeiformis GRUN. — Red Sea, 1000/, : M. Mac Donaldii GREV. — Cebu, 10/1 M. javanica CL. — Java, 59/1 i a8 » » » » 1000 : ae M. apiculata W. SM. — Cumbre, 1000/4 > > >» var, — Balearic Islands, 1000/1 M. lemniscata LEUD. FortM. — Cebu, 1000 /4 M. pulchella CL. — Java, °/1 29 » » » » 1000/4. ea 81 Cocconeis grata A. 8. — Campeachy Bay, 1000/, 33, 34 C. Van Heurckii OL. — Madagascar, 1009/1 Mastogloia exarata OL. — China, 1000/1 37. Cocconeis granulifera GREV. — Galapagos I Islands, "1000 /4 : Mastogloia(?) dubia CL. — Barbados, 19/1 Pl i o 23. Kongl. Vet. Akad. Handl. Bd.27. N Hl Mg portion of the valve, 10/1... so ig Bt aie ie Sip Se in 16. A. (Actinoneis) mammalis CASTR. var. reticulata CL. - — ‘Maciseae Slcaits: “tates frustule, °9/1 . . 17, 18. Amphora (Diplamphora) truncata (GREG.?) CL. — ee we 19. A. (Dipl.) proboscidea (GREG.?) CL. — Java, %/1 . ; 20, 21 » > » » Bahia, ae ‘ 22. A. (Oxyamphora) aspera PETIT. —- Naples, 1000/, ; 23. A. (Dipl.) ol Ch. — Java, $1 . 24, 25. » > Masnsaat Straits, *500/y PEape 26, 27, 28, 29. i. (Dip].) exsecta GRUN. — China, 500 4 — 30, 31. A. (Dipl.) margaritifera CL. — Galapagos Islands, “ma 32, 33. A. (Dipl.) granulifera Ch. — Java, 1 2... . 34, 35. A. behringensis CL. — Behrings Straits, 1000/, 3 36. A. (Diplamphora) bioculata CL. — Balearic Islands, en 37, 38. » » » > > 00/1 . 39. A. (Psammamphora) ocellata DoNK. var. cingulata CL. — ' Pensacola, 500 4. 40. A. Pusio CL. — Sandwich Islands, 1/1 ‘ PLM. tam. o “UAT” wab. Lit. Anst. a Paes sy doe” eg ere eer 4 e o Oo Pe any sky : LE! Seance OC COCOIPFVLOOMINUVODTN eer wan Ep BED SIIGNTO IO GGT OSews. £0000 20900009 0000000800 9% 226600006 7.00 VELU® Ay 4 oe yo 200ae Mateeteamnlts san ces atts ateemn ace nnasnnsa staves 0h < “Sera gL ° ® ° e8 C20 g00 000% + Awe? KAN {yr cq Hy a al 3. 2 Kongl. Vet. Akad. Handl. Bd.27. N Plate IV. PLATE IV. Amphora (Oxyamphora) groenlandica CL. — Davis Straits, 19/1 3. A. (Halamphora) Eunotia CL. — Spitsbergen, 5/1 . (Oxyamphora) Arcus GREG. — Sumatra, 59/1 . A. dubia A. 8. — Barcelona, °°/1 (Oxyamphora) micans A. S. — Macassar Straits, , 5 > » > (portion of the margin and end) 1000/4 é (Oxyamphora) decussata GRUN. — Adriatic, °°/1 . 6. 500 ja 9. > > var. briocensis LEUD. FoRTM. — “The “English chanel, *1000/; 3 A. A. A. A. Ovum CL. — Balearic Islands, 1°°/1 A. (Oxyamphora) Lunula Ch. — Suinatra, 1000/, ‘ A. (Oxyamphora) Maeandrina CL. — Colon, aya A. mexicana A. 8S. — Naples, 1. de 7, 18. A. (Diplamphora) decipiens — - Labuan, "1000 ‘ 0, Arenicola GRUN. — South Pembroke, 1. . > > > var. oculata CL. — Sebastopol, 800/, > > > var. subaequalis CL. — China, 59/1 . A. (Oxyamphora) acuta var. labyrinthica GRUN. — ‘Bolen Tdlands, 1000/, E 25. > > Pensacola, ae A. (Diplamphora) inornata CL. — Macassar Straits, 500/y 37, 38.» » » Java, 0/1 A. (Diplamphora) inelegans var.? polita CL. — Java, 1000/ ce A. (Oxyamphora) bacillaris (GREG.?) CL. — Firth of Tay, 500 /4 : » > > (portion of the dorsal side of the connecting zone) 1000/, Page. 3, RO 00 | ANNA Py PAu ne ( so0MQRAA MD Ane a o08 anaes» a nates LS HA Ljustr. Gen. Stab. Lit. Ans? Sthim. Kongl. Vet. Akad. Handl. Bd.27, N Del. P.T. 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