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CORNELL
UNIVERSITY
LIBRARY

THIS BOOK IS THE GIFT OF

Joun P. YounG

Qk
_ Onsome new and little known diatoms. Co
|

ii

Cornell University

Library

The original of this book is in
the Cornell University Library.

There are no known copyright restrictions in
the United States on the use of the text.

http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924000639876

KONGL. SVENSKA VETENSKAPS-AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. Bandet 18. Noo 5.

ON SOME NEW AND LITTLE KNOWN DIATOMS

BY

P. T. CLEVE.

WITH SIX PLATES.

COMMUNICATED TO THE ROYAL SWEDISH ACADEMY OF SCIENCES SEPTEMBER 15, 1880.

STOCKHOLM, 1881.
KONGL. BOKTRYCKERIET.

Pp, A, NORSTEDT & SONER.

Several years ago I received through Professor $. Loven from the Swedish State
Museum some samples af shellsand and mud, which had been collected during the ex-
pedition of the Roy. Swedish Fregaté Eugenie 1851—53 on the Gallapagos Islands,
Honolulu, Port Jackson etc. On ‘examining these samples, as well as many others,
received from various friends and correspondents, I found a number of diatoms, which
seems to me to be entirely new to science or at least of interest. Especially am I in-
debted to Dr. SépERLUND for some very rich materials from the Mediterranean Sea and
the Balearic Islets, to Mr. Curistran Fesicer, the wellknown diatomist of Wilmington,
Delaware, Mr. Hauck of Triest, Prof. Beracren, Dr. O. Norpstept and others for va-
rious interesting gatherings. Mr. Grunow of Vienna has kindly helped me in preparing
this paper and assisted me in many cases of uncertainity, and for which I here take
the liberty of tendering him my best thanks.

Mastogloia Tuwairzs.

1. M. panduriformis Cu. N. Sp.

Valve panduriform with cuneate ends. Margin with somewhat distant loculi, ex-
cept in the middle, on both sides of the central nodule, where they are wanting or
indiscernible. The surface of the valve is covered with small, irregularly scattered
puncta and very fine (20 in 0,01 mm.), parallel, punctate striw. These striw, which are
not strongly marked, cover the whole valve, except a small area, round the straight
median line and central nodule. Terminal nodules turned in opposite directions.

Length 0,0975 mm. Breadth 0,027 mm. at the constriction 0,0195 mm.

Gallapagos Islands (Eugenie Exp.) Very rare.

Phe de figs Te is

The outline of the frustule, the few and large loculi as well as its peculiar
structure destinguishes this fine form from all previously known species. Its nearest
allies are the Navicule or Mastogloix, forming A. Scumrpts section Pseudodiploneis,
N. marginata Lewis, N. strangulata Gruv., Mastogl.? reticulata Grun.

4 P. T. CLEVE, ON SOME NEW DIATOMS.

2. Mastogloia submarginata Cu. et Grun. N. Sp.

Elliptic lanceolate, ends neither produced nor capitate. Marginal loculi very in-
distinct, 5—8 in 0,01 mm. Strize punctate, 18—20 in 0,01 mm., most strongly marked
near the margin and on both sides of the median line, so that they seem to be inter-
rupted by a more or less large lunate area. The stria continue across this area, but
are very faintly marked, and can only be discovered with good objectives.

Length 0,04—0,048 mm. Breadth 0,013—0,017 mm.

Gallapagos Islands (Eugenie Exp.), Campéche Bay (accord. to Grunow).

| ie ao aa

The specimens from Gallapagos Islands have 18 stria and 8 canaliculi in 0,01 mm.,
specimens from Campéche Bay, according to Grunow, 20 strie and 5—7 canaliculi. In
its very indistinct canaliculi and the interrupted strie this species comes nearest to

N. Jelineckit Grun.

Amphora Exs.
1. A. Berggrenti Cu. N. Sp.

Median band not complex, central nodule not transversely dilated. The frustule
is elongated with broad and rounded ends and almost parallel sides; its form being
like that of A. arenaria Donx. The valve is striate, dorsal strie almost parallel, more
distant in the middle (17 in 0,01 mm.) than near the ends (20 in 0,01 mm.); ventral
striew irregular, divergent, especially near the terminal nodules. Terminal nodules con-
spicuous and seem to project into the frustule.

Length of the frustule 0,065 mm. Breadth 0,025 mm.

Fossil, Arthurs Pass, New Zeeland, mixed with freshwater species, such as Navi-
cula serians, N. rhomboides, N. cuspidata etc. S. BerGGren.

Pl. I, fig. 3, *°°°/,; a. valve, 6. frustle.

A freshwater species of Amphora having this appearance is very remarkable. I
have issued this species in Cx. et Mézx. Diat. N:o 90.

Cymbella Ac.
1. Cymbella Brasiliana Cu. N. Sp.

Almost symmetrical, naviculoid (a faint obliquity being percebtible only on large
specimens), lanceolate with somewhat obtuse apices. Median line straight. Strie ra-
diant, near the apices almost parallel, covering the whole surface, except a narrow
(larger near the central nodule), area round the median line. The central strie are
stronger and more marked than the others. All the stris are punctate, the puncta
forming wawy longitudinal lines. Strie 22 in 0,01 mm. on the part between the
middle and the ends.

KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND. 18, n:0 5. 5

Length 0,035 -0,06 mm. Breadth 0,012—0,015 mm.
Pl. I, fig. 4, a. (dry), 6. (balsam); *°°°/,.
Brazil, fresh water, collected by Dr. Warminc. (Cx. et Médzx. Diat. N:o 193.)

In the strongly marked central strie this form reminds one of Navicula Crucicula,
but it is quite different. There is also some resemblance to the Navicula Lundstrémit
Ci. (in Cx. et Grun. Arctische Diat. Pl. III, fig. 39). Another allied form is the as
yet undescribed Cymbella Frivseana Grun. from Tana Elf in Finmarken (Cx. et Moz.
Diat. N:o 261). This species has produced and capitate ends and 12—15 punctate
strie in the middle, 18—19 halfway between the middle and the ends, where they are
21 in 0,01 mm. Length 0,05—0,06 mm. Breadth 0,014 mm.

2. Cymbella Stodderit Cr. N. Sp.

Elongate, lanceolate, slightly asymmetrical. Ends slightly produced and attenuated.
Striea strongly radiant in the middle, almost parallel near the apices, scarcely punctate,
10 in 0,01 mm. a little more distant in the centre, covering */, of the valve and
leaving on both sides of the median line a tolerably broad area.

Length 0,075—0,09 mm. Breadth 0,015 mm.

Pl. J, fig. 5; *°°°/, (Specimen from Brazil).

Fossil: Bemis Lake in White Mountains (Mr. Sroppgr). Living: Brazil, Minas
Geraes on Sphagna leg. Dr. Hs. Mossy.

This species, which occurs in Cr. et Mézy. Diat. N:o 212 and N:o 274, is most
nearly related to the C. Americana A. Scum. Atl. Pl. IX, fig. 15 and 20, but the latter
form has a more narrow area and, as fig. 15 shows, punctate strie.

Pleurosigma W. Sm.

1. Pleurosigma tortwosum Cr. N. Sp.
Median line strongly and equally sigmoid. Strie in three sets, oblique 21, trans-
verse 22 in 0,01 mm.
Length 0,076 mm. Breadth 0,008 mm.
Die Lig By
Balearic Islets (Dr. S6pDERLUND) rare.

2. Pleurosigma lanceolatum var. cuspidatum Cu.

Lanceolate with produced apices, symmetrical. Median line straight, the ends
turned in opposite directions. Strizw in three sets, one transverse (20 in 0,01 mm.)
and two oblique (22 in 0,01 mm.).

Length 0,083 mm. Breadth 0,02 mm.

Pl. I, fig. 7; °°°/,. 6. structure; 7°%,.

Marine: Port Jackson (Eugenie Exp.).

The same variety from Newcastle has according to Grunow 20 transverse and 19
oblique striz in 0,01 mm. Length 0,105 mm. Breadth 0,026 mm.

6 P. T. CLEVE, ON SOME NEW DIATOMS.

3. Pleurosigma (Donkinia?) longissimum Cu. N. Sp.

Very long and narrow, linear; ends obtuse. Median line straight in the middle.
but curved in the last third part from the central nodule. Strie in two sets crossing
each other in right angles, transverse 18*/,, longitudinal 21 in 0,01 mm. Colcur
pale straw.

Length of the frustule 0,17 mm. Breadth 0,0083 mm.

PL I, fig: 8 a. */;3 6 dtrueture *°°"/,.
Balearic Islets rare (leg. Dr. SOpERLUND).

Rhoicosigma Gruy.

1. Rhoicosigma mediterraneum Ox. (in Grun. Micr. Journ. 1877, p. 182).

Narrow lanceolate, with acute ends. .Median line strongly bent in the first third
part from the central nodule, afterwords straight. Strie longitudinal and transverse.
The longitudinal strie are very fine, about 27 in 0,01 mm., the transverse 18°/, in
0,01 mm.

Length 0,18—0,21 mm. Breadth 0,0225 mm.

Pl. I, fig. 9, °"/,. a. and b. valves, ce. structure 7°°°/,.

Balearic Islets rare (leg. Dr. SépERLUND).

Navicula Bory.

1. Navicula (Fluminensis var.?) Floridana Ou. N. Sp.

Elongated, slightly constricted in the middle, ends rounded. Strizw not distinctly
punctate, parallel, 15 in 0,01 mm., closer near the ends, 20 in 0,01 mm., absent from
the middle part of the valve, not reaching the median line, which is surrounded by a
narrow, linear area.

Length 0,045—0,075 mm. Breadth 0,01—0,012 mm. at the constriction 0,08—
0,009 mm.

Fl TL ee De OP.
Florida coast, near Pensacola Harbour (in a gathering sent by Mr. Fxsicur).

2. Navicula cruciata Cu. N. Sp.

Oblong, slightly contracted at the centre. Striaw 12 in 0,01 mm., parallel, costate,
smooth or indistinctly granulate, absent from the middle part of the valve, not
reaching the median line.

Length 0,087 mm. Breadth 0,017 mm. at the middle 0,014 mm.

Pi Bg ee

I have found this species in a sample, said to be from Greenland, but as it con-
tained many tropical forms, I am not sure that this is correct.

KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND. I8. Nz:o 5. 7

3. Navicula Grenlandica Cu. N. Sp.

Lanceolate with obtuse apices. Strie coarse, costate, very radiant and divergent,
crowded around the centre of the valve (7'/, in 0,01 mm.) more distant between the
centre and the ends (6 in 0,01 mm.), interrupted by furrows, parallel to the margins.
Around the central nodule there is a very large orbicular area.

Length 0,117 mm. Breadth 0,023 mm.

Phi dpe 18

Greenland, Davis Strait (very rare in Cx. et Mori. Diat. N:o 172).

In its characters this species approches N. Trevelyana, but its form is entirely
different. The strie are also more distant, being in WN. 7'revelyana 10 in 0,01 mm.
The terminal nodules of MN. Grenlandia are peculiar and resemble those of N. Regula
Cx. et Grun. (Ct. W. Ind. Diat. p. 5, Pl. 1, fig. 3.)

4. Navicula Eugenie Cu. N. Sp.

Valve very convex, linear, with rounded ends. Striew coarse, costate, radiant, 9
in 0,01 mm., reaching the median line, interrupted by a line parallel to the margin.
Median line undulate. Central nodule surrounded by a small area. Terminal nodules
elongated. — F. V. Frustule constricted in the middle; ends truncate.

Length 0,085—0,1 mm. Breadth 0,017 mm.

Pl. TL, figs 16, "4,0. SL V., bo Be Ve
Gallapagos Islands (Eugenie Exp.).

5. Navicula Hennedyi var. undulata Cu.

_ Oval with cunate ends and three undulations on each side. Strie distinctly punc-
tate, marginal and around the median line. The strie near the median line are 16 in
0,01 mm. as are also the marginal striw, except in the constrictions between the un-
dulations, where they are only 12 in 0,01 mm.

Length 0,07 mm. Breadth 0,035 mm.

Pl. Il, fig. 19, 1°°/,.
Gallapagos Islands (Eugenie Exp.).

This variety has finer striae than the other forms of the most variable N. Hen-
nedyi; the outline is also different.

N. Hennedyi var. minuta Cu.

Broadly oval, with the marginal punctate striae (7—8 in 0,01 mm.) separated
from each other by unusually large spaces. Central striae 9—10 in 0,01 mm.
Length 0,05 mm. Breadth 0,027 mm.

Pl. L fig., 1h,
Gallapagos Islands (Eugenie Exp.).

8 P. T. CLEVE, ON SOME NEW DIATOMS.

N. Hennedyi var. Tahitensis Cu.
Broadly oval with almost parallel sides. Striw scarcely punctate, marginal 13 in
0,01 mm., central 15 in 0,01 mm.

Length 0,05 mm. Breadth 0,023 mm.
PL. tie, 1,

Tahiti (Eugenie Exp.).

This variety is remarkable for its almost smooth striae.

6. Navicula rudis Cu. N. Sp.

Broadly oval, with broadly rounded ends. Strie coarse, 6 in 0,01 mm. marginal
composed of about 5—8 large, separate puncta; central striz composed of 2—3 puncta.
Length 0,052 mm. Breadth 0,032 mm.
Pl Te tia te

Balearic Islets rare (leg. Dr. SépeRLuND).

This peculiar form belongs evidently to the Nav. Lyra section. It approaches in
some respects NV. spectabilis Grec. and N. preteata Enp., but it differs of both.

The numerous forms, belonging to this section, are so closely allied, that it is
impossible to decide what are species or what varieties. Another most beautiful and
gigantic form of this section is the following:

7. Navicula (excavata Grev. var.?) Angelorum Cu.
Very large, broadly oval, with rounded ends. Area large bilobate. Strie pun-
ctate, radiant, 6'/, in 0,01 mm. (8 near the ends). Central strie 11°/, in 0,01 mm.
Length 0,22 mm. Breadth 0,12 mm.
Pi. U1, fig. 20, 7%.
Fossil: California, Sancta Monica los Angelos (comm. by Dr. G. Ersen).

8. Navicula Holmiensis Cu.

Valve large, oblong elliptic, with rounded ends. Strie slightly radiant, 12*/, in
0,01 mm., indistinctly punctate, covering a little more than half the valve and leaving
round the median line an irregular area.

Length 0,07—01 mm. Breadth in 0,023 mm.
Ply. ee Ue es

Slightly. brackish water near Waxholm (entrence to Stockholm) leg. LacrrsTept
and O. NorpsTepr.

This form agrees in general appearance with N. latiuscula Kurz. (N. patula W.
Sm.), but has more distant strie, which in N. latiuscula are 18 in 0,01 mm. and pa-
rallel.

KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND. I8. wn:o 5. 9

9. Navicula Platessa Cu. N. Sp.

Small, broadly elliptic, with mucronate apices. Stria strong, smooth, 8 in 0,01
mm., marginal, leaving around the median line a very large area.
Length 0,028 mm. Breadth 0,018 mm.
PL, fe lee
Gallapagos Islands rare (Eugenie Exp.).

This little Navicula belong to the Palpebralis-group, but differs from all de-
scribed forms of that section by its short, distant and coarse striae.

10. Navicula Hauckit Cu. N. Sp.

Very long and slender, linear, somewhat gibbous in the middle and near the
ends, convex. Strie punctate, 15 in the middle of the valve, 16 towards the ends and 18
in 0,01 mm. in the ends, a little shortened around the central nodule and not reaching
the median line, which is surrounded by a linear area. The striw are interrupted by
a very fine line parallel with the margin.

Length 0,128 mm. Breadth 0,012 mm.

ole: Th ne 0 Te ge

Adriatic Sea, Rovigno, stomachs of Holothurians. leg. F. Hauck (rare in Ct. et
Mott. Diat. N:o 208—210).

This species seems to belong to the section Nav. limos@ and is allied to N. ma-
azima, N. formosa etc.

11. Navicula Febigerii Ci. N. Sp.

Lanceolate, with produced, obtuse ends. Strie 16 in 0,01 mm., composed of
distinct puncta, reaching the median line. In the middle they are alternately longer
and shorter around the central nodule, which is surrounded by a broad area.

Length 0,054 mm. Breadth 0,02 mm.

PIS tgs Be.

Oakland Bridge, California in a sample sent by Mr. Cur. Frpicer.

This beautiful little species has some resemblance to Achnanthes Danica (FLocEt)
Grun., but seems to be a true Navicula, belonging to the section »punctate».

12. Navicula Cluthensis var.? maculifera Ot.

Broadly oval, with rounded ends. Striw radiant, reaching the median line, ab-
breviated around the central nodule, which is surrounded by a tolerably large area.
Number of strie, (which are composed of distinct puncta), 11—12 in 0,01 mm.

Length 0,05 mm. Breadth 0,026 mm.

Pl. UU, fig. 23, "7.

Slightly brackish water, near Waxholm, entrance to Stockholm (Mr. LacErstept).
This. form has closer strie than the typical species and an area around the no-

dule. Another smaller form is probably.
K. Sv. Vet-Akad. Handl. Band. 18. Nio 5. 2

10 Pp. T. CLEVE, ON SOME NEW DIATOMS.

N. Cluthensis var. minuta Ct.

Broadly oval, with rounded ends. Strie slightly radiant, composed of distinct
puncta, abbreviate around the central nodule, 15 in 0,01 mm. in the middle, 18 in
0,01 mm. in the ends.

Length 0,03 mm. Breadth 0,014 mm.

Play te ee

Florida, Pensacola in a gathering, sent by Mr. Cur. Fepieerr.

The following varieties of N. Cluthensis are described:

a. genuina (Grec. Diat. of Clyde p. 6, Pl. I, fig. 2) with 8 strie in 0,01 mm
and no area. Length 0,035—0,04 mm.

6. erythrea (N. erythrea Grun. Verh. 1860 p. 539, Pl. HI, fig. 17) with 10—12
striz in 0,01 mm. and no area. Length 0,05—0,06 mm.

ce. Finmarchica Grun. (in Cx. et Grun. Arct. Diat. p. 40, Pl. II, fig. 49) with
11—-12 striz in 0,01 mm. and very small area. Length 0,022—0,024 mm.

d. maculifera Cu. with 11 strie in 0,01 mm. and tolerably large area.

e. minuta CL. with 15—18 striae in 0,01 mm. and tolerably large area.

13. Navicula bicuspidata Ci. et Grun.

Oblong, slightly constricted in the middle, apiculate. Strie coarse, finely pun-
ctate, 6 in 0,01 mm., shortened around the middle.

Length 0,04 mm. Breadth 0,015 mm.

Bi, tie. Bag ee

Mediterranean, Pithuisian Islands in a gathering sent by Prof. V. B. Wirrrock.

The nearest allied to this species seems to be Nav. directa Sm. The Nav. salva
A. Scum. and Nav. opima Grun. have the terminal nodules at some distance from the
apices.

14. Navicula mesoleia Cu. N. Sp.

Very convex, linear with cuneate ends. Strie coarse, 15 in 0,01 mm., very
slightly radiant, almost reaching the median line, absent from the middle of the valve,
where there is a transverse blank space.

Length 0,04—0,06 mm. Breadth 0,005—0,008 mm.

Pl. I, fe. 26-4. and & °°"),
Fresh water, Brazil, lez Dr. Warminc. (Cu. et Métx. Diat. N:o 193.)

This form has the appearance of some smaller varieties of N. Pinnularia Cu.
(Cu. et Grun. Arct. Diat. p. 27) but is more convex and has closer striz.

15. Navicula Fromentere Cu. N. Sp. ;
Small, elliptic. Striz coarse, costate,.6 in 0,01 mm., reaching the median line,
but abbreviated around the nodule.
Length 0,0375 mm. Breadth 0,0128 mm.
Ply I, tie, 24, Pr
Balearic Islets (F. SODERLUND).

KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND I8. n:o 5. 11

This small species seems to be the unnamed form in A. Scumipts Atlas Pl. 46, fig. 7
and is perhaps according to Grunow the N. mediterranea Kitz. Bac. Pl. II, fig. XVU,
which however is represented on much too small a scale to admet of identification.
Another allied form is the yet unpublished MN. cotiformis Gruy. from Demerara River,
which has cuneate ends and 5 strie in 0,01 mm. Length 0,06 mm. Breadth 0,014 mm.

16. Navicula Anderssonii Cu. N. Sp.

Linear oblong, with almost cuneate ends. Strie parallel or slightly radiate in
the middle, 6*/,—7 in 0,01 mm. not reaching the median line, which in surrounded by
a narrow area, dilated around the central nodule.

Length 0,075 mm. Breadth 0,019 mm.

Pl. UI, fig: 28, 7°,

Gallapagos Islands (Eugenie Exp.).

I have named this species in honour of the late Prof. N. J. Ayprrsson, botanist
to the Eugenie Expedition.

17. Navicula marginulata Cr. N. Sp. ’

Rhombic; striz very short, marginal, enclosing a large structureless area, 17 in
0,01 mm.
Length 0,042 mm. Breadth 0,012 mm.
Pl. TH, fig. 20, °",.

Florida, near the Harbour of Pensacola, in a gathering sent by Mr. Frpicer.

18. Navicula (Powelli Lewts var.) Gallapagensis Cu.

Linear oblong with cuneate ends. Strie coarse, almost parallel, 8°/, in 0,01 mm.,
on both side of the median line interrupted by linear areas. There are thus four lon-
gitudinal series of short stria, two near the margins and two close to the median line,
interrupted near the central nodule.

Length 0,05—0,09 mm. Breadth 0,013—0,021 mm.

Gallapagos Islands (Eugenie Exp.).

Pl. III. fig. 30.

Of the true N. Powellii Lewis I have not seen a figure, but Grunow states that
his N. Vidowichit (Verh. 1863, Pl. IV, fig. 4) is the same species. I have seen the latter
form in gatherings from Adriatic sea, kindly sent me by Mr. F. Hauck, and I find
that the form is different, the striae more distant (6 in 0,01 mm.). Length 0,1122 mm.
Breadth 0,02 mm. NN. Egyptiaca Grev. Trans. Micr. Journ. XIV, p. 127, Pl. 12, fig.
16—17 seems to be the same, but the strie are stated to be only 4 in 0,01 mm. An-
other allied form is, as far on may judge from the figure, N. Zanardiniana Grun.
(Verh. 1860, Pl. 3, fig. 12) with indistinctly punctate strie, 6 in 0,01 mm., in four
uninterrupted rows. Another, undescribed form is N. Wittii Grun. Mspt. (PI. Il, fig.
31, °°°/,) from Brazil, which is not so long and slender as the last named species and
has 8 strie in 0,01 mm: The two following forms are also allied to N. Powellii.

12 P. T. CLEVE, ON SOME NEW DIATOMs.

19. Navicula amica Cx. et Grun.

Contracted in the middle, ends cuneate; strix 7'/, in 0,01 mm., almost parallel,
smooth. The two interior rows of strie are interrupted in the middle.
Length 0,075 mm. Breadth 0,023 mm.
Pls Uy tie Bie
Tahiti (Eugenie Exp.).

20. Navicula quadriseriata Cu. et Grun.

Large, oblong oval with parallel sides and cuneate ends. Striz smooth, 8 in 0,01
mm. in four longitudinal, uninterrupted rows. The interior strie are shortened around
the central nodule, which is surrounded by an orbicular area.
Length 0,09 mm. Breadth 0,035 mm.
Pl. HE, fig; 33, °°).
Balearic Islets very rare (F. SépERLUND).

Two other species, of which Mr. Grunow has sent me figures, seem to be related
to the last described forms: NV. Castracanei Grun. (PI. III, fig. 33, °°°/,) and N. Petitiana
Grown. (Pl. III, fig. 34, °°°/,). Both species are elliptic lanceolate and have the interior
rows of striz parallel with the margins of the valve, not close to the median line.
N. Castracanei is 0,1 mm. in length, 0,03 mm. in breadth, and has 9 strie in 0,01 mm.
N. Petitiana is 0,07 mm. in length and 0,02 mm. in breadth and has 11 striz in
0,01 mm.

All these species together with the following seem to form a section, for which
Mr. Grunow has proposed (Cx. et Grun. Art. Diat. pag. 29), the name quadri-seriate:
This group contains:
Navicula Powelliti Lewis = N. Vidowichii Gruy.
Egyptiaca GREv.
(Powelltt var.) Gallapagensis Cu.
Zanardiniana GRUN.
Wittii Grown.
amica CL. et Grun.
quadriseriata CL. et Grun.
Castracanet GRUN.
Petitiana Grun.
? N. (Stauroneis) robusta Petir (Diat. de Vile Campbell Pl. V, fig. 16).
N. biseriata Petit (1. c. Pl. IV, fig. 15).
N. Richardsoniana O'Meara (Irish Diat. Pl. 31, fig. 33).
N. Eugenie Cu. (this paper pag. 7).
? N. denticulata O'Mzara (Quart. J. M. S. VI, p. 115, Pl. V, fig. 2, 1867).
? N. Musca Exp.
? N. mirabilis Leupucer Forrmorer (Diat. de Ceylon Pl. II, fig. 21).
N. blanda A. Scum. (Nordsee Diat. Pl. II, fig. 27).
N. latefasciata Grun. (in Cu. et Grun. Arct. Diat. Pl. I, fig. 21),

KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND. I8. N:0 5. 13

subdivisa Grun. (Nordsee Diat. fig. 20).
consimilis A. Scum. (1. c. p. 46).
emula Grun. (in A. Scum. Nordsee Diat. II, fig. 47).
superimposita A. Scum. (Nordsee Diat. TH, fig. 34 and Diat. Atl. Pl. 46,
fig. 61).

To these species are two undescribed forms nearly allied: N. Bruchit Grun.
and NV. multiseriata Gru. °

N. Bruchit Grun. (Pl. II. fig. 35, °°°/,) found on Tahiti, is in length 0,04 mm.
and in breadth 0,012 mm.

N. multiseriata Grun. (PL UI, fig. 36, °°°/,) from Tongatabu, is in length 0,036.

Navicula. Section: Pseudo-amphiprora Ct.

I propos¢ to include in this section a small number of Navicula-forms, which
are in some respects akin to Amphiprora and in other to Stauroneis. The valve on
both sides in the median line is divided by a.keel into two portions. The central no-
dule is transversely dilated into a short stauros, reaching the above named keels. The
type of the section is:

Navicula arctica Cu.

In my paper On the arctic Diat. (Bih. till K. Sv. Vet. Ak. Handl. 1873, 1,
N:o 18, p. 16, Pl. III, fig. 18).

This fine species was first described and somewhat indifferently figured by Bamay
(Smirus. Contr. Vol. VII, p. 8. fig. 14 and 15, 1853) as Amphora stauroptera. GRE-
Gory afterwards gave (in his Diat. of Clyde 1857, p. 34, Pl. IV, fig. 59¢.) a very fine
figure of the species in question in S.V., but he regardes it as Amphiprora lepidoptera.
At the same time he describes the F. V. as Amph. obtusa (fig. 60 l.c.). but Mr. Lacrr-
sTeDT (Bih. till K. Sv. Vet. Ak. Handl. T. III, N:o 15, p. 46) has found that the two
figures (59 and 60) belong to the same species. As the names N. stauroptera and N.
obtusa have been used for other forms it will be most conveniant to name the species
N. arctica. A. Scumipt has figured the species in his Nordsee Diat. Pl. II, fig. 1 as
Amphiprora obtusa Gree. If the Nav. arctica O'Meara (Micr. Journ. Vol. XIV, PI.
VIII, fig. 1) belongs to this species I d’ont know.

The Nav. arctica lives in the northern part of the Atlantic. It has been issued
in Cr. et Moz. Diat. N:o 57.

21. Navicula jugata Cu.
Elegantly elliptic with parallel, indistinct, and punctate strie, 10 in 0,01 mm.,
between the keels and the margins. The median portion of the valve, between the

keels, seems in very oblique light and with good objectives to be exceedingly finely
striate.

14 P. T. CLEVE, ON SOME NEW DIATOMS

Length 0,093 mm. Breadth 0,024 mm.
PLL, fe. oe

Gallapagos Islands rare (Eugenie Exp.).

Gruxow has found in the Campeche Bay gathering a closely allied form, Am-
phiprora Campechiana Grun. (Arct. Diat. pag. 66), which has 127/, strie in 0,01 mm.
and another species swith 15 strie in 0,01 mm. and obtuse ends.

22. Navicula Pensacole Cu. N. Sp.

Lanceolate, with undulate margins and prominent apices. Strie indistinct, pun-
ctate, 15 in 0,01 mm., parallel. The portion of the valve between the keels is very
indistinctly striate.

Length 0,054 mm. Breadth 0,015 mm.

Pl. IE, fig. 83, 2)...

Florida near the Harbour of Pensacola in a gathering sent by Mr. Frsicsr.

The following species is perhaps related to the species of this section:

23. Navicula Gallapagensis Cu. N. Sp.

Panduriform, with cuneate ends. Striz transverse, parallel, 15 in 0,01 mm., in-
distinctly punctate, reaching the median line and interrupted by a line or keel. The
median part of the valve around the median line is striate.

Length 0,067—0,092 mm. Breadth 0,025 mm.
Pl, Ul, fiz. 40, *"/, @ SV. 6. F. YV.

Gallapagos Islands rare (Eugenie Exp.).

Stauroneis Exs.

1. Stauroneis Balearica Cu. N. Sp.
Elongated, with acute ends. Stauros very short. Strie transverse, 26 in 0,01
mm., and longitudinal 23 in 0,01 mm., crossing each other in right angles.

Length 0,11 mm. Breadth 0,013 mm.
Pi, Ill, fig. 41, 2. */,, b. structure 7°";

Balearic Islets rare (F. SODERLUND).

This species is nearly akin to St. Quarnerensis (GruN. in litt.) from the Adriatic
Sea, which has also a short stauros and 18 longitudinal stria in 0,01 mm.

2. Stauroneis sulcata Cu. N. Sp.

Linear, with cuneate ends, stauros reaching the margin. Structure: strong, lon-
gitudinal lines or furrows, parallel with the median line, and transverse parallel strie,
21 in 0,01 mm.

KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND I[8. w:o 5. 15

Length 0,088—0,109 mm. Breadth 0,008—0,009 mm.
Pi. IT, fig. 46, 7°77.

Balearic Islets rare (F. SOpERLUND).

‘\

Among the Stauroneis forms, known to me, there are two, which have a similar
structure: St. Stodderi Lewis and St. Stodderi var. insignis Gruy., both freshwater spe-
cies. St. sulcata is marine and has finer strie.

3. Stauroneis Africana Cr. N. Sp.

Valve very convex, hyaline, elongate. Stauros reaching the margins. Strie fine,
23 in 0,01 mm., parallel, reaching the median line.
Length 0,05 mm. Breadth 0,01 mm.
PL. TM, tig 42 Gs Vig BBY

Fresh, or very slightly brackish water, Zwathrops River, Port Elisabeth, South
Africa in a sample sent by Mr. W. Josaua (Cx. and Méxt. Diat. N:o 196).

This form is nearly related to S. salina W. Sm., but has finer striez. ‘The striae
of S. salina are 17 in 0,01 mm.

4. Stauroneis pachycephala Cr. N. Sp.

Linear, gibbous in the middle and at the ends, which are broadly rounded and
capitate. Strie oblique, very fine, about 29 in 0,01 mm., reaching the median line.
Stauros reaching the margin. Median line straight. Terminal nodules turned in oppo-
site direction.

Length 0,055 mm. Breadth 0,009 mm.

Pi. U1, fa, 48 ie

Fresh or slightly brackish water, Baakens River, Port Elizabeth, South Africa in
4 sample sent by Mr. Josaua (Cx. et Motu. N:o 197).

This species comes nearest to St. desiderata Cu. (in Cu. et Grun. Arctische Diat.
Pl. III, fig. 58), which also has the terminal nodules turned in opposite direction, but
the outline of this species is different and its striae are almost parallel and much

coarser. Both belong to a section parallel with Grunows section Pseudopleurosigma
of Navicula.

5. Stauroneis (Pleurostauron) Sagitta Cu. N. Sp.

Elongated, apiculate, to the outline resembling St. Smithii Grun. Ends with short
interior diaphrams as in Pleurostauron. Strie oblique 21 in 0,01 mm. one or two in
the middle very strong.

Length 0,03—0,04 mm. Breadth 0,006—0,01 mm.

Pl. TH tg 45 Py

Fresh water, mouth of Tana Elf, Finmarken, collected by Prof. Ta. M. Fries
(Cu. et Méxu. Diat. N:o 261 not rare).

16 P. T. CLEVE, ON SOME NEW DIATOMS.

This form has the appearance of S. Smithii Grun., but is larger and has coarser
strie (being 28 in 0,01 mm. on S.Smithii) not so parallel as in S$. Smetha.

Schizostauron Gro.

1. Schizestauron Crucicula Grey.

Strie oblique, fine, 25 in 0,01 mm. Stauros bifid with very divergent branches,
reaching the margins.
Length 0.03 mm. Breadth 0,009 mm.
Pe ei ae ee
Merrimac River U. St. on Chara, very rare in a gathering sent by Mr. O. Norp-
STEDT. *)

Nitzschia W. Sm.

1. Nitzschia ocellata Cu.

This species has already been described in Cr. et Gren. Arct. Diat. p. 80. The
frustule is panduriform; the keel central with 8—10 puncta in 0,01 mm. The striz
are fine, 22 in 0,01 mm. composed of small, elongate puncta. The striae are sharper
and more distant in the centre of the valve. The whole valve is covered with large
scattered puncta sometimes arranged in irregular, transverse lines.

Length 0,08—0,1 mm. Breadth of the frustule 0,027 mm. at the constriction
0.018 mm.

Pl. IV, fig. 47, *°°°/,, a. valve, 6. frustle.
Balearic Islets (Dr. Sé6pERLUND). Cx. et Monn. Diat. N:o 154—155 rare.

This species is placed by Grcnow in his section Pseudoamphiprora, very nearly
to Perrya Kirton.

2. Mitzschia prelonga Cu.

This species has already been described in CL. et Grey. Aret. Diat. p. 85. The
frustules are extremely long and slender, slightly arcuate, linear, with obliquely cuneate
ends. Keel almost central, with about 5 puncta in 0,01 mm. The striw are strong,
16 in 0,01 mm.

Length 0,25 mm. Breadth 0,009 mm.

Pi, EX, te, 8 og Oo es

Balearic Islets not rare (Dr. F. SéDERLUND).

1) In printing this paper I have been informed by Mr. Grexow that he has found the same form abun-
dantly in pools of the Rio Purus, Brazil, and that he has named it in Linnean Society Journ. of May 1880
I consequently adopt his name.

KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND. !8. n:o 5. 17

Surirella Torriv.
1. Surirella Caldensis Cu. N. Sp.

Very long and slender, linear, with cuneate ends. Ale high. Canaliculi short,
numerous, 4—5 in 0,01 mm. Margin striate; striae punctate 20 in 0,01 mm. F. V.
linear, not cuneate.

Length 0,108 mm. Breadth 0,013 mm.

Pi. TV, fig. 60, 7).

Brazil, Caldas on Sphagnum (Dr. Hs. Mostyn). Cx. et Moz. Diat. N:o 212,
common.

This species comes near to S. arcta A. Scum. Atl. Pl. 23, fig. 23—24 from De-
merara, but its canaliculi are shorter and denser.

2. Surirella degenerans Cu. N. Sp.

Oblong, with very broad ends and slightly contracted middle. Margins striate.
Coste obsolete, consisting only of the dilated portion. Area with some scattered mar-
kings and strie. :

Length 0,09—0,072 mm. Breadth 0,037—0,046 mm.

PL IN; fie By i

Gallapagos Islands (Eugenie Exp.).

This form, which belongs to the variable section of S. lata, is related to S. laxa
J ANISCH.

3. Surirella formosa Cu. N. Sp.

Panduriform with large, rounded ends. Margin striate. Coste abbreviate, with
the dilated portion comparatively large. The middle of the valve is occupied by a
narrow linear area, defined by short strie.

Length 0,22 mm. Breadth 0,11 mm. at the constriction 0,07 mm.

Pl, TY, fig. 40,07:

Gallapagos Islands extremely rare (Eugenie Exp.).

This very large and beautiful Surirella does not agree with any of the many
forms belonging to S. lata-section hitherto figured.

Campylodiscus Ens.

1. Campylodiscus (Eeclesianus var.?) peramplus Cu.
Very large, coste numerous 4—5 in 0,01 mm., equal in length, marginal. Area
large with a circle of puncta and with some stellate markings.
Diam. 0,12—0,16 mm.
Pl. TY, fie. 53, "0
Gallapagos Islands (Eugenie Exp.).

K. Sy. Vet, Ak. Handl. Band. 18. Nio 5. 3

18 P. T. CLEVE, ON SOME NEW DIATOMS.

The C. Ecclesianus Grev. (1857) is as Mr. Janisca correctly states the same as
C. fenestratus Grev., which is the entire frustule. Mr. Janiscu proposed (1863) the
name C. Rabenhorstianus, but which should be changed for the older name of GRE-
vitte’s. The type of this extremely variable species, especially abundant in the ca-
ribbean area, has alternating longer and shorter coste and an area not surrounded by
a circlet of puncta. The form from Gallapagos Islands is therefore distinct, but, con-
sidering the great variability of the species, I am inclined to regard it only as a
variety.

The stellate markings on the disc are very variable, and in some specimens
wanting.

2. Campylodiscus Margaritarum Cu. N. Sp.

Coste numerous, covering about */, of the disc, interrupted by a fine line and
surrounding an elongate area, where some fragmentary punctate lines are visible as the
continuation of the coste.

Diam. 0,06 mm.

Pl. LY, fig. 62, °°").
Pearl Islands rare (Eugenie Exp.).
In its general form this species resembles C. angularis Grev., but is different.

Plagiogramma, Grev.

1. Plagiogramma rutilarioides Cu. N. Sp.

Small, rhombic, more or less elongate, with two converging coste around the
centre, but not near the ends. Structure: transverse punctate lines, 15 in 0,01 mm.
Margin with one or two sets of larger puncta, which probably are the bases of bristles.

Length 0,03—0,0425 mm. Breadth 0,01—0,013 mm.

Pl. TY, fig. 64, 7".
Port Jackson, Australia (Eugenie Exp.).

2. Plagiogramma spinosum Cr. N. Sp.

Valve narrow, constricted in the middle, then dilated, and again constricted.
Coste 2 strong, around the centre. Ends slightly capitate. Structure: puncta, arran-
ged in regular transverse rows, 10 in 0,01 mm. and in irregular longitudinal lines.
The margin of the frustule is furnished with a row of short sete or bristles. The
ends of the valves have blank (not punctate), oval areas.

Length 0,08 mm. Breadth 0,01 mm.

Pie 1M ee By ye
The marginal sete are visible when the frustule lies in an oblique position.

Gallapagos Islands rare (Eugenie Exp.).

This form has the same general outline as P. caribbeum Cx., P. lyratum Grev
and P. Barbadense Grev. It is most nearly akin to the latter, but the ends are dissi-
milar and the structure different.

KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND. /8. w:o 5. 19

Rutilaria Grev.

1. Rutilaria recens Cu. N. Sp.

Valve plane, elliptic or elongate with acute ends. It is covered with numerous
scattered puncta, which sometimes are arranged in irregular lines. Besides these there
are in the centre of the valve some more strongly marked puncta, and which seem to
belong to another stratum of the valve. The margin has a row of puncta, which are,
as may be seen in the F.V., short spines. In the F. V. the ends of the valve termi-
nate in short processes.

Length 0,037—0,11 mm. Breadth 0,02 mm.

Pl. IV, fig. 57, a. *°°°/, (an abnorm specimen having no puncta on a part of the
valve), b. 800) small specimen.

Gallapagos Islands (Eugenie fixpy

The genus Rutilaria established by Dr. GrevitLE, comprises only some few spe-
cies, all fossil. These are R. Epsilon Grev., rare in Monterey stone, R. superba (and
var.? ventricosa) Grev. and R. elliptica Grev. from Barbados. They all have the cu-
rious markings in the centre of the valve, which are elevations above the level of the
frustule, as is visible on the fig. 10, Pl. XI, T. Micr. Soc. Vol. XIV. In our recent
species these markings are represented only by the strongly marked puncta. From
GREVILLE’s fig. of the F. V. of &. elliptica and R. superba it is evident that the valve
is plane and that its apices are produced into processes, and farther that the margins
of the frustule are bounded with a row af sete, exactly as in our species.

The position of Rutilaria is somewhat uncertain. GrevittE has pointed out its
relationship to Nitzschia and Fragilariee. Prof. Hamiron Smiru places it among the
Melosire. It has however no real affinity with Nitzschia or Melosire, but is very
nearly allied to the genus Cymatosira Grun., of which the only known species C. Lo-
renziana GRuN. has also marginal bristles. The Cymatosira is without doubt nearly
related to Dimerogramma.

Mr. Kirron writes to me in a letter about a new species of Rutilaria from the
Californian deposits, Rut. obesum Grev. Mpt. The valve has 3 inflations, the central
being the largest; the apices are shortly cuneate; one third of the area is smooth, the
remainder distinctly covered with irregular markings. The central nodule consists of
a nebulous circular spot, upon which is placed a short spiral (?) ring. Margin distinctly
punctate. Mr. Kirron has seen about half a dozen specimens of this species, all
frustles, and in no case was he able to separate the valves. I crushing partially one
specimen in balsam, he observed that the nebulous central nodule was the base of a
siliceous isthmus, connecting the two valves.

20 P. T. CLEVE, ON SOME NEW DIATOMS.

Actinella Lewis.

1. Aetinella Guianensis Grun. in litt.

Of the genus Actinella only one species, the A. punctata Lewis from White
Mountain Deposits, is known. The genus, which is nearly related to Eunotia, is distin-
guished by the different development of the ends. The puncta, which follow the mar-
gins of A. punctata as well as of A. Guianensis, are also visible in true Eunotia, for
instance E. denticulata Bres.

The Actinella Guianensis, which occurs rarely in Cu. et Mézx. Diat. N:o 212, is
larger than A. punctata and has 14—16 strie in 0,01 mm., varying in different parts
of the valve. :

Length of frustule 0,105 mm. Breadth of one end 0,007 of the other 0,011 mm.

Pl Vy De OS

Brazil, Caldas on mosses (Dr. Hs. Mosty).

Asterolampra Exs.

1. Asterolampra Balearica Ct. N. Sp.

Rays about 10, not reaching the margin of the disc. Umbilicus small, the dia-
meter being only */,—*/, of that of the disc. Umbilical rays are straight and not
branched. The compartments are covered by cellules arranged into lines, crossing each
other in three directions, 9 in 0,01 mm.

Diameter of the valve 9,0715 mm.

Balearic Islets extremely rare (F. SOpERLUND).

Pl. V, fig. 59, a. *”/,, 6. a compartment *°°°/,.

This species appears to be related to Asterolampra Grevillei Watuicu, which also
occurs in the Balearic gathering, but this species has much finer cellulation (20—22
lines in 0,01 mm.). The A. centraster Jounst. Micr. Journ. VIII, p. 12, Pl. I, fig. 10
is more nearly related, but its umbilicus is larger.

Coscinodisecus Exs.

1. Coscinodiscus undulatus Cu. N. Sp.

The surface of the disc elevated in the middle and with an elevated ring half-
way between the centre and the margin. Surface covered with dense, pearllike puncta
arranged in lines radiating from the centre to the margin, where they become smaller,
much more crowded and form short striz.

Diam. 0,096 mm.

Pl. V, fig. 60, a. *°°/,, 6. °°°/, outline of a valve in oblique position.

KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND. I8. n:o 5. 21

Melosira Ac.
1. Melosira (Podosira?) tuberculosa Cu. N. Sp.

Frustule perfectly spherical, with very narrow connecting membrane, which forms
merely an equatorial line. Valve irregularly covered with scattered tubercules. With
good lenses the surface between the tubercules is seen to be covered with fine striae,
20 in 0,01 mm., crossing each other at an angle of 60°.

Diam. 0,05 mm.

Pi. V, fig. 65, 4.
Gallapagos Islands rare (Eugenie Exp.).

Stictodiscus Grev.

1. Stictodiscus Novare Cu. N. Sp.

Disc circular, with irregularly scattered large puncta in the centre. Radiating
lines few. Between each pair of these lines there are about 6 rows of tolerably large
puncta. Margin of the disc striate.

Diam. 0,15 mm.

Pl. Vtg. 66, 7"),

Fossil, Nankoori Deposit (Novara Expedition) in a sample communicated by Mr.
GRUNOW, rare.

I first supposed this elegant form to be a variety of Stictodiscus Croziert Kirron
(Micr. Journ. 1873, Pl. 38, fig. 2) but on comparing my specimen with a specimen of
S. Croziert, I found too great a difference. The puncta are much larger and the ra-
diate lines not so numerous as in S. Croziert. Besides the margin in striate.

Stephanodiscus Exs.—

1. Stephanodiscus (bellus A. Scum. var.?) Nove Zeelandie Ct.

This beautiful little disc has about 20 radiate coste, bifurcate near the margin,
where no spines are visible. The whole surface is covered with small puncta, arranged
in lines, radiating from the irregularly punctate centre. Two such punctate lines fill
the space between each pair of coste.

Diam. 0,02—0,03 mm.

New Zeeland, fresh or very slightly brackish water, Rotorua Lake, in some
samples communicated by Dr. S. Berceren.

PL ¥,; ie. 62, °F,

The Cyclotella bella A. Scum. Nordsee Diat. p. 94, Pl. 3, fig. 839 is a small marine
species, which seems to correspond in all essential characters with the New Zeeland
specimens.

22 P. T, CLEVE, ON SOME NEW DIATOMS.

Cyclotella Korz.

1. Cyclotella Meneghiniana var.? stelligera Cu. et Grun.
Disc with marginal strie, about 14 in 0,01 mm., and with a central star of ra-
diating lines, alternately shorter and larger.
Diam. 0,022 mm.
Pl. V, fig. 63, *°°/,. a. Specim. from New Zeeland; c. small specimen from
Lac de Gerardmer (Vosgues).
New Zeeland, Rotorua Lake, coll. by S. Beraeren.
Another variety stellulifera GruN. is represented by the fig. b. and is characte-
rized by the granulate strie.

Liradiscus Grev.

1. Liradiscus (?) Capensis Cu. N. Sp.

Circular, with a narrow, striate margin (with 15 striez in 0,01 mm.). Disc co-
vered with curved and branching, but not anastomosing lines or markings, which do
not form a coherent network.

Diam. 0,04 mm.

Pl. ¥, digs Gly 4.
Marine, Cape of Good Hope in a slide sent by Mr. F. Haucx.

Of the genus Liradiscus only four species are known, all fossil from Barbados
deposit. Our form, if it really belongs to Liradiscus, is the first known as recent. It
is doubtful if it not would be better to place it in Cyclotella, as it has some relation-
ship to C. striata Ktrz. or C. Dallasiana.

Auliseus Bat.
1. Auliscus (?) insignis Cu. N. Sp.

Disc almost orbicular with 2 rounded, not truncate processes, and divided by a
large cruciform blank area in to four compartments. The compartments have a very
singular structure and seem to be covered with irregular depressions. In the F. V. they
are elevated and the processes rounded.

Diam. 0,12 mm.
Pl. ¥; fies Gay ae OP Be Ve de OG Be Vo
Gallapagos Island extremely rare (Eugenie Exp.).

I am unacquainted with any Auliscus having the rounded processes of this glo-
rious species; it should perhaps be placed in the genus Cerataulus.

Annother remarkable species of Auliscus (4. Ralfsianus Grev.) hitherto known
only in a fossil state from the Barbados Deposit, occurs in the extremely interesting
Gallapagos material.

KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND. [8. N:o 9. 23

Biddulphia Gray.
1. Biddulphia Moronensis Cu. N. Sp.

Valve in S. V. oval, stout, with two strong transverse coste and two large and
stout oval processes. Structure: large, irregularly scattered puncta on the valve and
fine dots arranged in irregular lines on the processes.

Length of the valve 0,12 mm. Breadth 0,07 mm.

Pl. TY, fig. 56, *°%),.
Moron deposit in a slide from Mr. J. D. Mouuer.

2. Biddulphia tentaculifera Cu. N. Sp.

Valve elevate, covered with tolerably large puncta arranged irregular lines aronud
the centre of the valve. No coste are visible. Processes elongate, club shaped.
Diam. of the valve 0,05 mm.
Pl. V, figs 67, °°"),
Keeling Island (Eugenie Exp.).

3. Biddulphia Gallapagensis Cu. N. Sp.

S. V. broadly oval, almost orbicular, with two short stout processes. Structure:
pearly granules arranged in lines, radiating from the irregularly punctate centre to the
margin, about 12—13 in 0,01 mm.

Longest diameter 0,049 mm., shortest 0,04 mm.

PiOWE te

Gallapagos Islands (Eugenie Exp.).

This form belongs, to the section of B. aurita, which contains a large number of
nearly allied forms, as B. Roperiana, B. Edwardi Frpicer etc.

Triceratium Exp.

1. Triceratium (Hydrosera; Terpsinoe?) trifoliatum Cr. N. Sp.
Valve plane, with concave sides and three 3-cuspidate angles, separated from the

valve by transverse lines (incomplete diaphragms). Surface covered with small puncta
arranged in irregular lines.
Diam. 0,045 mm. Distance between two apices 0,05—0,06 mm.
Pl. ¥1, fies: 71,
New Zeeland in fresh or slightly brackish water collected by Mr. S. Berccren
very rare.

This curious species is remarkable for its freshwater habit and seems to be most
nearly related to Hydrosera Wallich from the Ganges, but it is entirely different.

24 P. T. CLEVE, ON SOME NEW DIATOMS.

2. Triceratium (Hydrosera; Terpsinoé) Javanicum Cu. N. Sp.

Valve plane, hexagonal, with three angles separated from the disc by transverse
lines (diaphragms) and alternating with three other angles, which are contigous with
the disc. One of the three latter angles has near the apex a small transvere fissure
corresponding to the appendages on Hydrosera triquetra Watuics. Structure irre-
gular 5—7-gonal cells, 4—5 in 0,01 mm., absent from the ends of the three first named
angles. F. W. Rectangular with longitudinal furrows, corresponding tv the sinuses
between the angles.

Diam. 0,075 mm.

Pl Vi tee, OO"

Java, Batavia in brackish water (Eugenie Exp.).

This form is so nearly related to Hydrosera triquetra Watuica Micr. Journ. VI,
p. 251, Pl. 18, fig. 1—6, that it perhaps might be more correctly regarded as a mere
variety.

3. Triceratium dubium Brw.

Micr. Journ. VII, p. 180, Pl. 9, fig. 12 is the triangular form of 7. bicorne Cu.
(Bih. t. K. Sv. Vet.-Ak Handl. Pl. 5, fig. 30).

4. Triceratium Tripos Cu. N. Sp.

Outline in the S. V. almost orbicular or triangular with very broad and rounded
angles. Processes three near the angles. Structure a somewhat coarse and irregular
cellulation of hexagonal cells, about 5 in 0,01 mm. In the F. V. the valve is elevated,
sloping regularly from the apex to the margins. The three processes are strong and
and project somewhat obliquely.

Diam. of the valve 0,0525 mm.
Pi. Vi, fig Fey

Gallapagos Islands (Eugenie Exp.).

5. Triceratium Anderssonit Cu. N. Sp.

This very rare and exceedingly fine species, of which I have found only one in-
complete specimen, is quadrangular with straight sides and rounded angles, upon which
are large truncate processes. The structure consists of branching veins, radiating from the
centre to the margins, and of tolerably coarse cellules, about 5 in 0,01 mm., of which
two rows fill the space between each pair of lines.

Greatest diameter 0,09 mm.
PL. VIE, fie 69; Oh

Gallapagos Islands (Eugenie Exp.).

The structure of this remarkable species, which I have named in honour of the
late Prof. N. J. Anpersson, is that of a Stictodiscus.

KONGL. SVENSKA VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND. I8. n:0 5. 25

6. Triceratium leve Cur. N. Sp.

Triangular or quadratic, with straight sides and acute not produced angles. The
surface perfectly smooth, no structure being visible on balsam-specimens. In F. V.
the centre of the valve is elevated, and the angles are produced into processes, forming
right angles with the transverse diameter.

Distance between angles 0,02—0,0285 mm.

Pls Vi, fie. 70, oe Be Vig Oy Fs Ve

Gallapagos Islands (Eugenie Exp.).

7. Tricerattum (productum Grev. var.) Balearicum Cx. et Gron. (in Cx. et Mou. Diat.
N:o 154—155).

This form is closely allied to Amphitetras producta GREVILLE and Triceratium An-
tallarum Cu. Its outline is 4—5 angular, with the angles produced into short processes.
The centre of the valve is elevated and by a depression separated from the margins.
The structure consists of rounded puncta arranged in lines, radiating from the centre
to the angles, about 5 in 0,01 mm.

Greatest diamcter 0,06—0,08 mm.

Pl: Vly ie. 73,
Balearic Islets (Dr. F. SépERLUND).

There can be not doubt that A. producta Grev. (Micr. Journ. II, p. 94, Pl. 9,
fig. 2) and TJ. Antillarum Cu. (Bih. till K. Sv. Vet.-Ak. Handl. Bd. V, N:o 8, Pl. V,
fig. 29) belong to the same species, which seems to be nearly allied also to Amphitetras
elegans Grev. from Monterey stone, in which form the depression between the centre
and the margins form an inscribed quadrate.

Allied to these forms seems to be Am. nobilis Grev. (Trans. Micr. Soc. 1865,
p. 105, Pl. IX, fig. 27) from the Red Sea. This species is however larger and seems
to be only the pentagonal form of Am. antediluviana. It occurs in RaBrnnorst, Alg.
Eur. N:o 2264 from Livorno together with Am. antediluviana, and Mr. Kirron informs
me that he has found it in samples from Orkney Islands and Southampton; he also
remarks that the processes are much exaggerated in GREVILLES figure. Another form
related to A. antediluviana is A. tessellata Suapp. (T. M. S. 1854, p. 16, Pl. 1, fig. 11),
of which a variety with very coarse cellulation and large processes occurs in Moron
Deposit.

The Triceratium productum Grev. from Barbados Deposit is a quite different form

(see T. M. S. 1863, IX, p. 69, Pl. VII, fig. 9).

8. Triceratium Gallapagense Cu. N. Sp.

Triangular, with acute angles, not provided with processes. Structure: distant
puncta, scattered over the disc of the valve, closer near the margins, where they form

K. Sv. Vet-Akad. Handl. Band. 1». Nio 5. 4

26 P. T. CLEVE, ON SOME NEW DIATOMS.

short rows, 5 in 0,01 mm. In the angles the puncta are much smaller and form fine
branching lines.
Distance between angles 0,0975 mm.
Pl, V1, Be Te ee
Gallapagos Islands rare (Eugenie Exp.).

9. Triceratium margaritiferum Cu. N. Sp.

Valve quadrangular with concave sides and rounded angles, without processes.
Surface probably plane. Structure tolerably coarse granules arranged near the margins
in short lines, smaller in the angles, rare and scattered in the middle.

Diam. 0,05 mm.

PL VE) he. Fh
Gallapagos Islands rare (Eugenie Exp.).

Chetoceros Exs.

1. Chetoceros Dicheta Ens. = C. remotus Ci. et GRUN.
This form has already been described in Cx. et Gruy. Arct. Diat. p. 119 and is
to be found in most slides of Cru. et Mézy. Diat. N:o 125.
PLM, tee Th ie
Antarctic Ocean (Challenger Exp.).

Rhizosolenia Euxs.

1. Rhizosolenia (alata var.?) gracillima Cv.

Extremely long and slender, measuring 0,5—0,7 mm. in length and only 0,006
mm. in breadth. The beaks are almost straight, provided with pocket-like impressions.
The zig-zag markings on the connecting membrane are very indistinct. The frustule
is extremely hyaline, having no colour in dry state. No structure has been seen.

Pi Vi, fis. 75, PP"),

West coast of Sweeden, Lysekil, freely floting on the surface of the sea (July

1877 by P. T. Creve).

Another slender species, characterized by its coarse, of puncta composed striz,
Rh. Shrubsolai Cr. N. Sp., occurs in the Atlantic Ocean between Iceland and Green-
land. It was recently found in great abundance on the surface of the sea near the
island of Sheppey by Mr. Sarussoxe.

SO) St Se ee LES

Description of plates I—VI.

Plate I.

Mastogloia panduriformis Cu.

M. submarginata CL. et Grun.

Amphora Berggrenii Cu.

Cymbella Brasiliana Cr.

C. Stodderi Ct.

Pleurosigma tortuosum CL.

Pl. lanceolatum var. cuspidatum Ct.

Pl. (Donkinia?) longissimum Ct.
Rhoicosigma mediterraneum Ci.

Navicula (Fluminensis var.?) Floridana Cu.

N. cruciata Cx.

N. Platessa Cx.

N. Groenlandica Cu.

N. Hennedyi var. Tahitensis Ci.

N. Hennedyi var. minuta Cr.
Plate II.

Navicula Eugenie Cu.

N. rudis Cu.

N. Holmiensis Cu.

N. Hennedyi var. undulata Cu.

N. (excavata var.?) Angelorum Ct.

N. Febigerii Cu.

N. Cluthensis var. minuta Cu.

N. Cluthensis var.? maculifera Cu.

N. Fromentere Cu.

N. bicuspidata Cu. et Grun.

N. mesoleia Ci.

N. Hauckii Cu

Plate III.

Navicula Anderssonii Cu.

marginulata CL.

. Powellii Lewis var. Gallapagensis Ct.
. Wittii Gron. *

. quadriserieta Cu. et GRUN.

. Castracanei Gron. *

Petitiana Grun. *

Bruchii Grun. *

Ae ie a ee

*) Delineated by Mr. Gaunow.

Pp. T. CLEVE, ON SOME NEW DIATOMS.

Navicula multiseriata Gron. *
N. amica Cv. et Gron.

N. jugata CL.

N. Pensacola Cu.

N. Gallapagensis Cu.
Stauroneis Balearica Cu.

St. Africana Cu.

St. pachycephala Ct.
Schizostauron Crucicula Grun.
Stauroneis Sagitta Cu.

St. suleata Ci.

Plate IV.

Nitzschia ocellata Ct.

N. pralonga Cu.

Surirella formosa CL.

S. Caldensis Cu.

S. degenerans Cu.
Campylodisecus Margaritarum CL.
C. (Ecclesianus var.?) peramplus Cu.
Plagiogramma rutilarioides Cr.
P. spinosum Cu.

Biddulphia Moronensis Ct.
Rutilaria recens Cu.

Plate V.

Actinella Guianensis GRuN.

Asterolampra Balearica C1.

Coscinodiscus undulatus Cu.

Liradiscus Capensis Cu.

Stephanodiscus (bellus var.?) Nove Zeelandie Cu.

Cyclotella Meneghiniana var. stelligera CL. et Grun.
ce. stellulifera GRun.

Auliscus (?) insignis Cu.

Melosira (Podosira?) tuberculosa Ct.

Stictodiscus Novare Cu.

Biddulphia tentaculifera Cu.

Plate VI.

Triceratium Tripos Cu.

T. Anderssonii CL.

T. leve CL.

T. (Terpsinoe?) trifoliatum Cu.

T. Gallapagense CL.

T. productum Grev. var. Balearicum CL. et Grun.
Biddulphia Gallapagensis Cu.
Triceratium (Terpsinoe?) Javanicum CL
T. margaritiferum CL.

Cheetoceros Dicheta Ens.

Rhizosolenia (alata var.?) gracillima Ct.

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KONGL. SVENSKA VETENSKAPS-AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. Bandet 82 N:o 3.

PLANKTON

COLLECTED BY

THE SWEDISH EXPEDITION TO SPITZBERGEN IN 1898

EXAMINED

BY

P. T. CLEVE

WITH 4 PLATES

PRESENTED TO THE R. SWEDISH ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 1899 MARCH 87#

STOCKHOLM
OKTRYCKERIET, P. a, NORSTEDT & SONER
1899

The scientific Swedish expedition 1898 to Spitzbergen under the direction of Professor
A. G. Natrsorst paid a particular interest in exploring the plankton of the sea. A great
number of samples were gathered, among which about 50 were collected by pumping
the water through a silk-net. These gatherings were all small and have been completely
examined by me both for animal and vegetable plankton. The other samples, about 100,
were brought up by the tow-net, partly from the surface and partly from more or less
considerable depths. As Dr. C. Auriviniius has charged himself with the examination of
the animals in all the tow-net gatherings, I have examined them for vegetable plankton only,
with the exception of the radiolarians, which offered a particular interest for my other
plankton-researches.

Plankton-types.

I proposed in 1896! to class the plankton of the Atlantic and its tributaries
in certain types or formations according to the association of species. For understanding
the following it will be necessary first to characterize briefly these plankton-types.

I. Desmo-plankton (sign D). This formation rules in the warmest part of the
Atlantic, in the Sargasso-sea and in the equatorial current.

The temperature of the water containing desmo-plankton varies usually between 20°
and 28° and the salinity is about 36 p. m.

The organisms belong to a great number of species, many of which are identical with
those of the Indian Ocean. Among the more characteristic species I can name the following:

Animals. Plants.
Clausocalanus furcatus, Trichodesmium,
Coryceus longicaudis, Pyrocystis pseudonoctiluca,
C. speciosus, Ceratium fusus var. longiseta (n. v.),
Eucheta marina, C. tripos var. flagellifera (n. v.),
Miracia efferata, Ceratocorys horrida,
Oncea venusta, Gonitodoma acuminatum,
Setella gracilis, Ornithocercus magnificus,
Radivlarians (many species). Chetoceros coarctatus,

C. tetrastichon,

Climacodium biconcavum,

C. Frauenfeldii (= C. Jacobi Ct.),
Hemiaulus Hauckit.

1 Bih. till K. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Hand. XXII, 3, N:o 5. — A treatise on the phyto-plankton. Upsala 1897.

+ oP. T. CLEVE. PLANKTON, COLLECTED BY THE SWEDISH EXPEDITION TO SPITZBERGEN.

If. Styliplankton (Sign S). The region of desmoplankton, which is subject to
variation in extent according to the seasons, is surrounded by an irregular band of water
containing styliplankton. In the west this plankton-type seems always to occur in
mixture with desmoplankton, and such a mixture characterizes the Caribbean Sea, the
Antilles-current to the region of Bermuda. About the 40° breadth the styliplankton
becomes more differentiated and the region increases in breadth towards the European
and African coasts. It forms a narrow band west of Africa from Cape Verde to Canaries
and occupies the triangular space between the Azores, the English Channel and Bermuda.
The extent of the region is subject to great variation according to the seasons. In the
summer it approaches towards the Farée Channel (probably also towards Iceland) in a
mighty tongue, which sends branches through the English Channel into the German Ocean
and around Scotland into the North Sea. When the water enters the North Sea its salinity
becomes lowered by admixture of the continental coast-water and, consequently, the
plankton becomes also modified. Some of the species die away, others multiply, and
thus are originated in the North Sea two important derived styli-planktontypes, the
tripos-plankton in the north and the didymus-plankton in the south. I have distinguished
as a third type of North Sea plankton the halosphera-plankton. This kind also originates
from the styliplankton by an considerable increase of the green alga Halosphera viridis,
which seems to take place in the autumn around Farée, from whence it descends to Scot-
land and enters the North Sea finally reaching Skagerack.

The styliplankton-water, which in the beginning of the summer reaches the Farde
Channel proceeds during the autumn towards Spitzbergen.

The temperature of this water varies usually between 10° and 20° and the salinity
is about 35 p. m.

The number of organisms constituting the styliplankton is very considerable and
the flora and fauna are subject to a great variability according to the breadth and the
season. Some species appear simultaneously at the African and South American coasts,
others occur in the whole region, others again scem to be limited to the eastern part.
I name among the more common and characteristic forms the following, marking with
e such forms, as occur in the eastern Atlantic. With s I denote forms, which as a

rule do not pass over the Farde Channel, and with n forms which enter the northern
Atlantic.

Animals. Plants.
Acartia Clausii (e n), Halosphera viridis (n),
Centropages typicus (n), Ceratium (trip. v.) auritum (e 8),
Clausocalanus arcuicornis (s), C. candelabrum (s),
Coryceus rostratus (e s), C. furca (e n),
Mecynocera Clausi (in the spring s), C. lineatum (n),
Microsetella atlantica (n), C. reticulatum (s),
Oithona plumifera (s, n rarely), Dinophysis homunculus (s),
O. similis (n), Diplopsalis lenticula (n),
Oncea minuta (e n), Gonyaulax, polygramma (n),

Paracalanus parvus (n), Peridinium divergens (n),

KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS

Temora stylifera (s),
Sagitta bipunctata (n),
Globigerina bulloides (n),
Codonella lagenula (s),
Cyttarocylis acuminata (s),
C. cassis (s),

C. ganymedes (s),

C. Treforti (s),
Dictyocysta elegans (e n),
D. mitra (s),

Tintinnus Fraknot (s).

HANDLINGAR.

BAND 32. wo 3. 5

Peridinium oblongum' (n),
Chetoceros furca (s),

C. Lorenziana (s),

C. volans (n),

Corethron hystria (e n),
Coscinodiscus sol (e),
Dactyliosolen antarcticus (e n),
Hemidiscus cuneiformis,
Rhizosolenia alata (n),

R. gracillima (n),

R. styliformis (n).

The derived stylitypes of the North Sea, the didymus- and tripos-plankton, are

characterized as follows.

A. Didymus-plankton (Sign Ni).

This plankton-type rules in the summer and

autumn along the southern coasts of the German Ocean above the 50 metre-plateau of

the bottom.

The temperature varies between 8° and 17° and the salinity is about 32 or 33 p.m.
The organisms are numerous and the diatoms constitute an important part of them.
Among the animals many are common to didymus- and triposplankton and their names

are in the following lists enclosed in parenthesis.

Animals.

(Acartia Clausit),
(Centropages hamatus),
(C. typicus),
Coryceus anglicus,
Isias clavipes,

c Labidocera Wollastonii,
(Oithona similis),
(Paracalanus parvus),
Podon polyphemoides,
(Sagitta bipunctata),
Oikopleura dioica,
Noctiluca miliaris,
Tintinnopsis campanula.

As the more common species we note:

Plants.

Bacteriastrum varians,
Biddulphia mobilensis,
Cerataulina Bergonit,
Chetoceros curvisetus,
C. danicus,

C. didymus,

C. Schiittii,

C. Weissflogit,
Ditylum Brightwelli,
Eucampia zodiacus,
Guinardia flaccida,
Rhizosolenia Shrubsoltt,
R. Stolterfothat,
Streptotheca tamesis.

B. Triposplankton (Sign 7p) rules in the summer and autumn in the northern
part of the North Sea above the 100 metre-plateau of the bottom and extends from

Scotland to Scandinavia as far as Finmarken.

cheeto-plankton.

1 Perid. divergens v. oblonga AURIV.

In the spring it is replaced by water with

6 vv. T. CLEVE. PLANKTON, COLLECTED BY THE SWEDISH EXPEDITION TO SPITZBERGEN.

The temperature varies usually between about 5° in the winter and 14° in the sum-
mer, and the salinity is about 34 p. m., but these figures are subject to great variations
according to relative abundance of oceanic or coast-water that enters in the composition
of the triposplankton-water.

The triposplankton is chiefly constituted by cilioflagellates and entomostraca, the
diatoms being almost absent. As stated above the animals are to a great extent of the
same species as in the didymusplankton, which is easily explained as both types are
derived from styliplankton.

Among the organisms we note the following:

Animals. Plants.
(Sagitta bipunctata), Ceratium furca,
(Acartia Clausit), . C. fusus,
Anomalocera Patersonii, C. tripos,

Calanus finmarchicus, C. trip. v. macroceros,
(Centropages typicus), Peridinium divergens.

(Oithona similis),
(Paracalanus parvus),
Pseudocalanus elongatus,
Temora longicornis,
Evadne Nordmannii,

E. spinifera,

Podon intermedius.

Many of the species of the styliplankton also enter into the triposplankton, as
Acanthometron quadrifolium. Plectophora arachnoides, probably originally belonging to
the chetoplankton and abundant around Scotland, enters also frequently into the tripos-
plankton.

I. Chetoplankton (Sign C). This planktontype occurs in the western ‘and
northern parts of the Atlantic only and during the spring. From March to June or July
it can be traced from about the 40° Lat. and 70° Leng. to the Newfoundland Banks and
to the south of Iceland, from whence it turns across the Fardée Channel and enters the
North Sea, replacing its triposplankton, and reaches the coasts of Scandinavia. It dis-
appears in the summer, becoming replaced by styliplankton, but rules in July and August
around Spitzbergen. When the water with the chwtoplankton touches the coasts, especially
of Iceland, it sweeps away the neritic plankton there and spreads it along the coasts of Scot-
land and Scandinavia, where it enters into the fjords. Thus many species of northern origin
may remain during the summer cmprisoned in the fjords, especially in their deeper water.

The temperature of the chatoplankton-water varies usually between 5° and 9° and
the sulinity is about 35 p. m.

The organisms of the chetoplankton are chiefly diatoms, especially Chetoceros deci-
piens and Ch. constrictus. C. borealis and C. criophilus occur both in cheeto- and tricho-
plankton so that it is difficult to decide whether they belong to one or the other type.

KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. RAND 32. wo 3. 7

Another organism, the flagellate Phwocystis Pouwchetii, appears in the same time as Che-
toceros decipiens, frequently in great abundance, and has about the same distribution.
I therefore include also that organism among the cheto-species.

IV. Trichoplankton (Sign 7). This type rules in the western Atlantic and
constitutes in the summer the plankton of the Irminger Sea. Its origin is doubtful.
Typical trichoplankton was gathered in the Bering Sea during the expedition of the Vega
and it is an open question whether it spreads from the northern Pacific to the northern
Atlantic or vice versa. In the winter (1897—98) the characteristic species of the tricho-
plankton appeared as far down to the south as to the south of the Azores, which possibly
may be owing to the plankton of the Labrador-current having been conveyed by the
south-going branch of the Gulf-stream. In the summer it is confined to the western
and arctic Atlantic, but in the winter it spreads to Scandinavia.

The temperature of the trichoplankton-water varies between 6° and 12° and the
salinity amounts to about 34 p. m.

As the trichoplankton frequently becomes mixed with chetoplankton and with sira-
plankton it is a difficult matter to make out to what type a number of species really
belong. I consider the following as chiefly tricho-organisms:

Animals. Plants.

Calanus. finmarchicus, Ceratium tripos v. arctica,
Fritillaria borealis, Chetoceros atlanticus,
Spadella hamata, Coscinodiscus oculus iridis,
Cyttarocylis denticulata (with the varie- Rhizosolenia obtusa,

ties edentula, media and- gigantea), R. senispina,
Ptychocylis acuta, Thalassiosira gravida,
Tintinnus minutus. Thalassiothria longissima.

On the coasts, washed by the trichoplankton-water, there originates a peculiar kind
of derived trichoplankton, which I have designated as

Northern neritic plankton (Sign Ns). This somewhat variable type occurs at the
coast of Iceland, in Skagerack and in the fjords of Sweden during the winter, also in the
fjords of Norway and on the Norwegian coast-banks, where it becomes in the summer
slowly replaced by triposplankton. This kind of plankton seems to invade the coasts of
Scotland and Scandinavia twice a year, viz. in the spring in company or in connection
with the chetoplankton and in the autumn in connection with the trichoplankton. The
detailed study of this kind of plankton will doubtless afford very interesting results as
different species rule on different coasts. Thus for instance the Asterionella spathulifera
abounds in the south coast of Iceland and becomes from thence transported to Scotland
and as far southwards as to the coast of Holland. On the coast-banks of Norway
Ceratium tripos v. longipes is the ruling species. The Limfjord of Denmark affords par-
ticular advantages for the development of some species, as Skeletonema costatum and Cheto-
ceros debilis,' which remain there for the greater part of the year.

1 C. G. T. PETERSEN. Beretning “fra den danske biologiske Station 1898.

8 YP. T. CLEVE. PLANKTON, COLLECTED BY THE SWEDISH EXPEDITION TO SPITZBERGEN.

The temperature of the water with northern neritic plankton varies in Skagerak
from about 4° to 7° and the salinity is about 32—33 p. m.
As species constituting the northern neritic plankton we name the following:

Animals. Plants.
(Acartia longiremis), Asterionella spathulifera,
(Calanus jinmarchicus), Biddulphia aurita,
(Centropages hamatus), Chetoceros debilis,
(Pseudocalanus elongatus), C. diadema,

(Temora longicornis), C. scolopendra,
Tintinnopsis beroidea, C. teres,
T. ventricosa. Coscinodiscus polychordus,

Leptocylindrus danicus,
Skeletonema costatum,
Thalassiosira gelatinosa,
Thalassiothrix Frauenfeldii,
Ceratium tripos v. longipes,
Gonyaulaz spinifera,
Peridinium depressum.

V. Sira-plankton (Sign Si) rules along the coasts of Greenland and in Baffins Bay,
or in the Arctic Ocean properly, where it constitutes the plankton of the water with
melting drift-ice. As it touches the trichoplankton it becomes frequently mixed with it,
so that the distinction of what species belong to one or the other is a matter of difficulty.
The water with sira-plankton has lower temperature than the trichoplankton-water and
less salinity, about 32—33. This type might be considered as a kind of neritic plankton, did
not the most characteristic species, Thalassiosira Nordenskidldii, at certain periods occur
in wide areas north of the Kara Sea and between Spitzbergen and Finmarken. Typical
sira-plankton is almost free from animals and contains as its most characteristic species
Thalassiosira Nordenskildi, Fragilaria oceanica, Lauderia fragilis, Chetoceros furcellatus
and C. socialis. It is frequently mixed with some northern neritic forms as Chetoceros
debilis, C. diadema, C. scolopendra, Coscinodiscus oculus tridis, Biddulphia aurita, Tha-
lasstosira gravida etc.

This kind of plankton appears in Skagerak usually in February and March.

Along the coast of Greenland the sira-plankton becomes mixed with a number of
neritic forms and such a derived sira-plankton I have distinguished as

Arctic neritic plankton (sign Ng). This kind of plankton contains, besides the
species of sira-plankton, the following:

Amphiprora hyperborea, Eucampia groenlandica,
Achnanthes teniata, Fragilaria cylindrus,
Chetoceros septentrionalis, Navicula septentrionalis,
Coscinodiscus bioculatus, Nitzschia frigida,

C. hyalinus, Pleurosigma Stuxbergii.

KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 32. N:0 3. )

Surface-plankton.

In the following account of the plankton, gathered by the Swedish expedition to
Spitzbergen in 1898, I distinguish, as usually, with ¢ common, ce very common, cee the
principal mass, with + neither common nor rare, with 7 rare, and rr some few specimens

only. In case of scarcity of the plankton I enclose the sign by one or two parentheses and
where no plankton was found I use 0.

1. Lindesnas—Lofoten.
May 27th to June 1th.

Temperature varying between 7° and 9°. Salinity 33—35 p. m.
The plankton is of great uniformity, being a mixture of tripos- and northern neritic

plankton (Jp, Ns).

The most important species are the following:

Of triposplankton: Of northern neritic plankton:

Acartia Clausti +, Acartia longiremis e¢,
Microsetella atlantica r, Ceratium tripos var. longipes ce,
Oithona similis +, Peridinium depressum +,
Evadne Nordmannii c, Coscinodiseus oculus iridis rr.

E. spinifera ec,

Podon intermedius 1,
Halosphera viridis 1,
Ceratium furca ++,

C. fusus +,

C. tripos 1,

C. trip. v. macroceros ¢,
Rhizosolenia styliformis rr.

Common to both:

Calanus finmarchicus +,
Temora longicornis +.

One sample only (63°13'N 5° 15'E.) contained Leptocylindrus danicus in abundance.

The plankton of this region agrees completely with that of June 1896." If com-
pared with the plankton of May 1897 in the same region, we mark that the tripos-
plankton occurred in 1898 in greater abundance. This corresponds with the lower tem-
perature (5,45—9,72) and salinity (28,05 to 34,11) in the year 1897.

1 Bib. till K. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Hand]. XXIII, 2, N:o 4.
K. Sv. Vet. Akad. Ilandl. Baud 32. N:o 3. 5)

10 P. T. CLEVE. PLANKTON, COLLECTED BY THE SWEDISH EXPEDITION TO SPITZBERGEN.

2. Lofoten-—Beeren Eiland.
June 2d to June 12th.

Temperature 7,55 to 5,15; near Beeren Eiland 2,40. Salinity 34—35.
The ruling plankton is chetoplankton, mixed with variable amounts of tricho- and
styliplankton.

In the chetoplankton: In the trichoplankton: In the styliplankton:
Plectophora arachnoides 1, Calanus finmarchicus c, Oithona plumifera rr,
Cheetoceros criophilus c, Chetoceros criophilus ce, Collozoum inerme +,
C. decipiens c, Coscinodiscus oculus iridis r, Chetoceros volans +.
Pheeocystis Pouchetii (¢c near —- Rhizosolenia semispina +,

Beeren Eiland). Thalassiothrix longissima r.

Interesting is the occurrence of the styliplanktonforms, of which Oithona plumifera
and Collozowm indicate a far distant origin (probably the region of the Azores). Plecto-
phora arachnoides indicates that the water has passed the Farde Channel.

In June 1896 and May 1897 this region was almost sterile, containing traces only
of northern neritic plankton.

3. Beeren Hiland—Hope Island.
June 20th to June 23d.

Temperature —0,35 to +-0,97 and salinity 34,76 to 32,97.

The ruling plankton is chetoplankton with Chetoceros decipiens and Phaocystis
Pouchetii; tricho-plankton is also represented by Calanus finmarchicus, Cyttarocylis gigantea
and Coscinodiscus oculus iridis, and arctic neritic plankton by the rare occurrence of
Ptychocylis obtusa.

4. Hope Island—Icefjord.
June 24th.
Temperature 0,6 to 3,0. Salinity 33,80 to 35,06.
An almost sterile region with some few specimens of Pha@ocystis Pouchetii (C) and

Thalassiosira Nordenskidldii, Chetoceros furcellatus, Ptychocylis obtusa and Peridinium
pellucidum (Ng).

5. Icefjord—Swedish Depth—Siid Cape.
July 26th to Angust 2d.

The plankton is subject to great variation, occurs as a rule sparingly and belongs
to cheto-, styli- and tricho-plankton. In August 1896 cheto-plankton chiefly ruled in
this region.

KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 32. w:o 3. LL
Month cctv he S| te ag VII VII Vil VII VUI
Day 26 26 30 81 1
Lats a pada Pee 4 78°13’ | 77°53’ | 78°12’ | 77°14’ | 76°36"
Gongis; 0G eh a 7 30’ E.| 5°3'E. | 0°17 W. | 6° 34’ E. | 12°8’ E.
Temp. 5,84 4,78 4,59 5,85 7,88
Sal. . 34,89 34,57 84,53 34,77 85,12
Pl.-type (Ng 8) (TC) (TC) TS TS
Calanus finmarchicus r
Oithona similis r + + ‘
Euthemisto libellula . . . . . r
Cyttarocylis edentulata ........ r c ce
C. Media ee Ok ee we ee r r +
Ptychocylis obtusa . . . . . r
Litholophus ligurinus be : r
Ceratium (trip. v.) arcticum. r r , +
C. (trip. v.) longipes . r
Peridinium pellucidum ; ar , + c
Cheetoceros borealis... . .... ; & , r
C. decipiens. . . . . + c
C. volans. . . c of
Rhizosolenia gracillima ...... c
R. obtusa . ee. id As r
R. semispina ¢

Much drift-ice.

Temperature 1 to 3,94.

6. Stid Cape—King Charles Land.

August 3d to August 6th.

Salinity 30,98 to 34,45.

The plankton consists chiefly of chetoplankton, mixed with trichoplankton and a

little arctic neritic plankton.

The more important species were the following:

Cheetopl. «

Chetoceros decipiens +,
Pheocystis Poucheti r.

Trichopl.:

Calanus finmarchicus r,
Cyttarocylis denticulata r,
var. obtusa 1,
var. gigantea ¢,

var. media 1,
Tintinnus minutus 1,

Oithona similis was also found.

Ceratium (trip v.) arcticum c,
Coscinodiscus oculus iridis +,
Rhizosolenia semispina ’.

Arctic neritic pl.:

Peridinium pellucidum +,
Ptychocylis obtusa ++.

12 Pp, Tt. CLEVE. PLANKTON, COLLECTED BY THE SWEDISH EXPEDITION TO SPITZBERGEN.

7. King Charles Land. Round Spitzbergen. North west of Spitzbergen.

Temperature —0,5s to

August 13th. August 25th.

+ 3,44.

Salinity about 33 p. m.

The plankton is constituted by cheto-, tricho- and arctic neritic plankton.

The following were th
Cheetopl.

Chetoceros borealis +,

C. criophilus r,

C. decipiens +,

Pheocystis Pouchetii r.

e most important:

Trichopl.

Calanus finmarchicus 1,
Fritillaria borealis 1,
Cyttarocylis denticulata 1,

v. gigantea c,

v. media r,
Tintinnus borealis r,
Ceratium arcticum ce,
Chetoceros atlanticus r,
C. boreal. v. Brightwellii r,
C. criophilus r,
Coscinodiscus oculus iridis rr,
Rhizosolenia obtusa r,
Thalassiosira gravida r.

Arctic neritic plankton.

Cyttarocylis dentic. v. obtusa ¢,
Fungella arctica r,
Ptychocylis obtusa c¢,
Dinobryum ce,

Peridinium pellucidum -+-.

Besides these species were found Oithona similis, common in some gatherings, and
the following of the northern neritic plankton: Ceratium (tripos v.) longipes r, Chetoceros

diadema rv, Leptocylindrus da

nicus 1.

8. West of Spitzbergen—Beeren Hiland.

Temperature 5,34 to 7,24.

August 28th to September 4th.

Salinity about 35.

The plankton is composed of styliplankton, usually predominant, and trichoplankton.
The most important forms are:

Styliplankton.

Microsetella atlantica r,

Oithona similis c,
Oncea minuta +,

Globigerina bulloides r,

Challengeria tridens

Litholophus ligurinus r,
Chetoceros borealis v. solitaria +,

C. volans ce,
Corethron hystrix 1,
Rhizosolenia alata 7,

Trichoplankton.

Calanus finmarchicus,

Fritillaria borealis,
Cyttarocylis denticulata r,

r,

var.

var. media e,
edentula +,
var. gigantea 1,
Ptychocylis acuta r,

Tintinnus secatus r,
T. minutus r,
Ceratium tripos v. arctica r,

KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND. 32. N:0 3. 13

R. gracillima (in some spots), - ‘Chetoceros atlanticus 1,
R. hebetata +, C. criophilus +,
Rh. styliformis r to c. Rhizosolenia obtusa r to e¢,

Thalassiosira gravida r,
Thalassiothri« longissima rr.

Among these species some are of a particular interest, for instance Challengeria
tridens and Plectophora arachnoides, radiolarians known from the Farée Channel. Litho-
lophus ligurinus and the still more interesting Oncwa minuta can be traced from the
Mediterranean and the Azores to the mouth of the English Channel and Farde Channel,
thus indicating the course the styliplankton-water has taken.

In the year 1896 in August this region west of Spitzbergen was sterile, and north
of Beeren Eiland there ruled typical trichoplankton. I July 1897 cheetoplankton was pre-
ponderant west of Spitzbergen and was north of Beeren Eiland mixed with trichoplankton.
Styliplankton appeared very sparingly at first south of Beeren Eiland.

9. Beeren Hiland—Fugl6.
September 4th to September 6th.
Temperature 8,8 to 9,40. Salinity about 35.

The plankton is constituted, as north of Beeren Eiland, of styli- and trichoplankton,
but with an admixture of triposplankton and northern (Norwegian) neritic plankton.

Styli- and tripos-plankton. Tricho- and northern neritic plankton.
Acartia Clausii r to +, Calanus finmarchicus c,
Microsetella atlantica r, Cyttarocylis denticulata r,
Oithona similis + to ce, v. gigantea ¢,

Oncea minuta r, v. media r,

Acanthometron quadrifolium ce, Ptychocylis acuta 1,
Acanthonia Miilleri r, Ceratium tripos v. longipes c,
(Plectophora arachnoides 1), Peridinium depressum r.

Globigerina bulloides r,
Halosphera viridis c,
Ceratium furca r to ¢,
C. fusus r to +,

C. tripos +,

C. trip. v. macroceros ce,
Peridinium divergens +,
Corethron hystrix r,
Rhizosolenia alata 1,

R. gracillima r to +,
R. hebetata r.

It follows from the above analysis of the plankton-gatherings that in the year 1898
the styliplankton was by far more richly represented than in the two precedent years.

14. sp. T. CLEVE. PLANKTON, COLLECrED BY THE SWEDISH EXPEDITION TO SPITZBERGEN.

Deep-sea Plankton.

At some stations plankton was gathered by hauls from different depths. As Dr.
Aurivituius will describe the animals found in these samples, I have examined the vegetable
plankton and the radiolarians only, and being thus unable to give a complete account of
these gatherings I confine myself here to shortly characterizing them so far as regards the
phytoplankton and the radiolarians.

1. Station M. 26 to 27 July. Lat. 77°39. Long. 1°18'E. 100—0 metres.
Salinity at 100 m. 34,97, in the surface 32,22. Temp. 5,07.

This sample contained trichoplankton (Chetoceros criophilus, Rhizosolenia obtusa)
and some arctic neritic plankton (Dinobryum), but the animals indicate the presence of
an amount of styliplankton of the same kind as in the surface west and south of Spitz-
bergen in August and September.

2. Station N. 28 July. Lat. 77°52'N. Long. 3°5' W.

a. Haul 10—0 m. Temp. at 0 m. 3,6%. Salinity 34,38. Chiefly chetoplankton
(Chetoceros decipiens, Pheocystis Pouchetii) and arctic neritic plankton (Dinobryum).

b. Haul 25—0 m. Temp. at 25 m. 2,72. Salinity 34,74. The same kind of
plankton.

c. Haul 100—O m. Sal. at 100 m. 35,03. Plankton sparingly (Phwocystis Pouchetii).

d. Haul 500—O m. Temp. at 100 m. + 0,83. Sal. 35,03. Content the same as a,
but, in addition, Rhizosolenia gracillima and some animals of the styliplankton-type.

The conclusion is, that the deeper strata contained styliplankton, the upper cheto-
plankton.

3. Station O. 29 to 30 July. Lat. 78°13'N. Long. 2°58 W.

a. Haul 100—O m. Temp. at 0 m. 3,1, sal. 33,76; at 100 m. 1,17, sal. 35,03.
Content: chiefly Ph@ocystis Pouchetii, thus cheetoplankton.

b. Haul 500—O m. Temp. at 500 m. 0,93, sal. 35,03. Content as a, and besides,
rarely Challengeria tridens and some other styliplankton forms.

c. Haul 2,600—0 m. Temp. at 2,700 m. —1,48, sal. 34,96. Chiefly as a but
with radiolarians of many species sparingly. Among the radiolarians were found a number
of new forms which will be described further on. Among known forms Aulacantha
levissima, Challengeria tridens and Trochodiscus echinidiscus are known from the Farée
Channel, Stichopilium Davisianum from the bottom mud near Greenland, also Artro-
strobus annulatus, which latter was first found near Kamtchatka. Dictyophimus gracilipes
is known from Kamtchatka only. Challengeria Harstoni was dredged by the Challenger-
expedition from the abysmal depths cast of Japan. Among the new forms is Polypetta
holostoma, allied to P. tabulata from the central Indian Ocean. Aulodendron antarcticum,
Auloscena spectabilis and Sagenoscena penicillata are known from the Antarctic Ocean only.

KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 32. w:o 3. 15

4. Station P. August Ith. Lat. 76°36'N. Long. 12° 13'E.

a. Haul 25—0 m. Temp. at 0 m. 7,1, at 25 m. 5,8. Sal. at 0 m. and at 25 m.
35,12, Styliplankton and trichoplankton as west of Spitzbergen.

b. Haul 50—O m. Temp. at 50 m. 4,98. Sal. 35,13. Similar to a.

c. Haul 100—O m. Temp. at 100 m. 3,75. Sal. 35,05. Similar to a.

d. Haul 500—O m. Temp. at 500 m. 2,5. Sal. 35,10. As a, but contained some
radiolarians, as Artrotrobus annulatus, Dictyophimus gracilipes, Acanthocorys umbellifera.

5. Station S. Aug. 20th. Lat. 81°14’. Long. 22° 50'E.

a. Haul 1O—O m. Temp. at 0 m. 0,38, sal. 32,49. Temp. at 10 m. 1,18, sal. 33,42.
Plankton chiefly trichoplankton (most common: Chetoceros borealis, C. bor. v. Brightwelli,
C. criophilus, Rhizosolenia obtusa and Thalassiosira gravida) and sparingly arctic neritic
plankton (Chetoceros diadema, Leptocylindrus danicus).

6. Haul 25—0 m. Temp. at 30 m. 3,3. Sal. 34,41. The same as a.

c. Haul 130—O m. Temp. at 100 m. 1,7, at 150 m. 1,98. Sal. at 100 m. 34,77,
at 150 m. 34,83. Plankton as in a, but some animals indicate the presence of styli-
plankton.

6. Station T. August 27th. Lat. 79°58'N. Long. 9° 35’E.
a. Haul 10—O m. Temp. at 0 m. 4,58. 8S. 34,53. This gathering contained the
following:

Trichoplankton with northern and

Cheetoplankton. arctic neritie plankton. Styliplankton.
Chetoceros borealis r, Chetoceros atlanticus r, Rhizosolenia gracillina +,
C. criophilus ce, C. borealis r, R. hebetata r,

C. decipiens 1, var. Brightwellit +, R. styliformis r.
Phaeocystis Pouchetii +. C. criophilus e,

C. diadema ec,

C. teres r,
Leptocylindrus danicus r,
Thalassiosira gravida ce,
Dinobryum r.

The plankton is thus constituted principally of trichoplankton with some arctic or
northern neritic plankton and contains a small amount of cheeto- and styliplankton.

b. Haul 100—0O m. Temp. at 100 m. 3,7. Sal. 35,12. Plankton similar to a,
but contained besides Globigerina, Challengeria tridens, Plectophora arachnoides, which
indicate an increased amount of styliplankton.

ce. Haul 400—0O m. Temp. at 430 m. 1,5. Sal. 35,06.

Similar to 6 but with some additional styliplankton-forms as Diplopsalis lenticula (rr),
Chet. borealis var. solitaria (r), Chetos. volans (r), Otthona plumifera, Onceea minuta,
indicating an increased amount of styliplankton. This sample was examined for radio-
larians, of which several new forms were found. Among known species were found
Challengeria Harstoni and Dictyophimus gracilipes as in the deep-sea haul at the station O

16 Pp. T. CLEVE. PLANKTON, COLLECTED BY THE SWEDISH EXPEDITION TO SPITZBERGEN.

and besides Acanthocorys umbellifera (stylipl.) and Theocalyptra cornuta, the last named
being known from Kamtchatka and Greenland and found by me this year (7. IJI) in the
surface at 63° 1'N. and 1° 36'E.

The conclusion is that the water below 100 m. contains styliplankton and is
covered with a sheet of trichoplankton-water.

7. Station U. September Ith. Lat. 75°50'. Long. 15° 25' E.
a. Haul 2—O0 m. Temp. at 0 m. 5,73. Sal. 34,01. The plankton contained:

Cheetoplankton. Tricho- and northern neritic plankton. Styliplankton.
Cheetoceros criophilus ce, Chetoceros criophilus ce, Rhizosolenia styliformis r.
C’. decipiens rr. C. diadema e,

C. laciniosus r.

Chiefly trichop]. with traces only of styli- and chetopl.

b. Haul 100—0O m. Similar to a.

ec. Haul 320—0 m. Temp. at 350 m. 2,73. Sal. 35,13. Similar to a, but also with
animals of the stylitype (Oithona plumifera, Oncea minuta, Challengeria tridens ete.).
This sample was examined for radiolarians, of which were found Challengerza Harstoni,
Acanthocorys umbellifera, Theocalyptra cornuta, Dictyophimus gracilipes etc. indicating the
same kind of water as in the deeper strata at St. O, T ete.

8. Station X. September 5th. Lat. 71°50. Long. 19° 2'E.
a. Haul 25—O m. Temp. at 0 m. 9,08. Sal. 34,96.

Northern neritic plankton. Styli- and triposplankton.
Ceratium tripos v. longipes ec, Halosphera viridis +,
Dinophysis acuta r, Ceratium furca +,
Gonyaulax spinifera 1, C. fusus 1,

Peridinium depressum r, C. lineatum rr,

P. ovatum r, C. tripos +,

P. pellucidum r, C. trip. v. macroceros ¢,
Chetoceros borealis v. Brightwellii r, Rhizosolenia alata r,

C. contortus r. R. gracillima ce,

R. hebetata rr,
R. styliformis rr.

The plankton contained, besides, Globigerina, Acanthometron quadrifolium and other
species of the stylitype. The constituent plankton was thus styliplankton mixed with
some northern neritic plankton.

b. Haul 230—O m. Temp. at 200 m. 5,5. Sal. 35,13.

The plankton was nearly the same as in a and was examined for radiolarians.
Among known forms were noted Challengeria tridens, Acanthocorys umbellifera, Litho-
mitra lineata and Cromyomma zonaster, the last named known from Greenland (2,000 in.).

KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 32. N:0 3. 17

The general result of this examination of the deep-sea gatherings might be suin-
marized as follows:

The deeper strata with the sal. 35 contain chiefly styliplankton (from the eastern

-temperate Atlantic and Farée Channel). This water reaches the surface at St. X.

The upper strata with 32—34 sal. contain at the stations N and O chetoplankton,
at the stations M, P, 8, T, U trichoplankton. As the latter type has been found this
spring ruling in the region east of Greenland and north of Iceland it may derive from
that part of the Ocean.

Organisms, found in the plankton-gatherings of
the »Antarctic» 1898.

In the following I give a list of all the organisms, found by me in the plankton-
gathering, as well as the dates etc. for every form. By »Temp.» I denote the temperature
of the water in centigrades, by »Sal.» the salinity pro mille, by »Fq.» the frequency, whether
rr, very rare, 7 rare, + not rare, ¢ common, cc very common, or ccc principal constituent
of the plankton. The sign X denotes dead specimens. By »Pl.» I understand the ruling
plankton-type viz.: C chetoplankton, Ng arctic neritic plankton, Nm southern neritic
plankton, Ns northern neritic plankton, S styliplankton, 7’ trichoplankton and Tp tripos-
plankton.

Amphipoda.

Euthemisto libellula (Manpt).
Surface: 26. VII. 78°13'N. 7°30'E. Temp. 5,38. Sal. 34,80.

Cladocera.
Evadne Nordmannii Loven.
Surface:
Date. | Lat. N. | Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. PL.
| Q7V | 57°50’ | bE. 870 | 33,69 | « | TpNs
» 2v | 58°14 | 4e40'B.} 88 31,83 | + | Ns Tp
| esv | sear |4asye.| 930 | 93,04 | + | Nery
| 99v | 60°18 | 4°24’ B.| 835 | 33832 | + | Net
| 5 1X | 71°57 | 19°E. 9,08 34,96 + Tp (Ns) |

K. Sv. Vet. Akad. Handl. Band 82. No 3. 3

18 Pp. T. CLEVE. PLANKTON, COLLECTED BY THE SWEDISH EXPEDITION TO SPITZBERGEN.

E. spinifera P. F. Mert.

Surface:
Date. Lat. N. | Long. | Tem P| Sal. Fq. | PI.
aie _
QiVv | 57°50’ GE. | 8,70 | 3869 | + , TpXs
agv | 60°18" | 424'R.| 835 -| 83,82 0 | Ne Tp |
gov | 637438 B15 B.| Str | 84,538 |e | Tpxe |
s0v | esr ienvn| 8 :; 8458. ¢ ' TpNs!

Podon intermedius Lites.
Surface: 27 V. Lat. N. 57°50’. Long. 6°E. Temp. 8,70.
Pl. Tp Xs,

P. Leuckarti G. O. Sars.

Surface:
Date. | Lat. N. | Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. | Pl.
av B50} @E | 870 | 8869 | » | pre |
29v | 601s |424'E.| 835 | 38332 | + sm |
Copepoda.
Acartia Clausii Grrspr.
Surface:

Date. | Lat. N. | Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pl. |
|
1

a7v | 5750'| BE. | 870 | 3869 | +
e8v | 58°14 4°40'R.! 880 | 8193} +
aBv | 58°41) 4°34'B.| 830 | 3804 | + | Ne Zp
B0V | 63°52 | eH E! 8 34,53 | +
1VI | 66°42 |10°30'E.) 853 3469 |
10 VI; 71°10’ 21°31.’ 6,71 | 35,20 | + | es
SIX | 71°67 IPE. | 9,08 | S496 +
BIX | 71°14’ |19°38’E. 940 2 3492 , » | TrNs |

A. longiremis (LiLuszs.).

Surface
Date. | Lat. N. | Long. Temp. Sal. | Fq. | Pl.
27V | 6750] &E. | 870 | 33,69 | 4 | Piety
28v | 58°14’ | 4°40'B.| 88 31,83 | £ | seep
2V | 5841’ | 434 e.) 830 | 3304 | ¢ | NeTp
2ov | 601s }4°24'B.| 835 | 3332 | © vst
30V | 63°52 | 65’E.| 8 84,58 | > | Tp Ns |

Sal. 33,69.

Fq. +.

KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND $2. wn:o 3. 19
Calanus finmarchicus (Gunn.).
Surface:

Date. [Lat. N. Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pi. Date. | Lat. N. | Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pi.

a7v | s750 | 6E. | 8,70 | 3869 | + | pws | QL VT | 76°27'|25°55'B) 0,24 | 83,68 | « (Cc)

28 V 58°14’ | 4°40’ B. 8,8 31,88 + Ns Tp | 23 VI 77° 15’ |27°10'E.| 0,97 33,15 ¢ (C)

28 V 58° 41’ | 4°34’ i. 8,30 33,04 + Ns Tp | 26 VI 76° 34’ |17°24'E.| 0,6 33,80 +

29 V 60° 13’ | 4°24’ B. 8,85 33,32 + Ns Tp | 28 VII | 78° 23’ | 10°23’E.) 6,06 34,94 ce T

31 V 65° 84’ | 8°45’ B. 8,88 35,00 ¢ NsT | 29 VIII | 77°23’ |10°53’E.) 5,55 35,08 r TS

3iv | 65°47 |9°10'R.| 9,01 | 3467 | + | wet | 21x | 7H24 [16847] 564 | 3512 | + | TiS

1VI | 66°42’ |10°30’E.) 8,58 34,69 c TTpNs| 3IX 74 16’ |19°10'E.; 2,83 34,36 cee T
2VI | 69°15’ |15°25’E.| 7,85 34,23 cece T 4 1X 72° 43’ |18°43'E.| 8,8 85,01 c Tp Ns
10 VI | 71° 42' |22°35’E.) 6,40 35,15 cc TCS 41X 72° 29' |18°48’E.) 8,87 35,04 c Tp Ns
| 12 VI | 73°40’ |22°40'E.| 2,40 35,05 & Cc 5 IX 71° 14’ |19°38'E.| 9,40 34,92 + Tp Ns
Microsetella atlantica (Brapy & Ros.).
Surface:
Date. | Lat. N. | Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pl.
29 V 60° 13’ | 4°24’ E. 8,35 33,82 Ns Tp
29v | 61°40 | 4°20'H.| 7,05 | 38,47 Ns Tp
30 V 63° 52’ | 65’ EB. 8 34,53 Tp Ns
31 vil] 76°12' |12°18'E.) 6,26 | 35,15 8
31X | 74°49’ |16°42'E.| 7,24 | 35,17 T (8)
41X 72 43’ |18°43’E.) 8,8 35,01 + Tp Ns
4 1X 72° 29' |18°48'E.| 8,87 35,04 Tp Ns
5 IX 71° 14’ | 19°38’ BE.) 9,40 34,92 Tp Ns
6 1X 70° 83’ | 20°32'E.| 9,87 34,41 Tp Ns
Oithona plumifera Batirp.
Surface: 9 VI. Lat. N. 70°59. Long. E. 20°43’. Temp. 7,15. Sal. 34,83. Fq. rr.
PL. GS),
0. similis Criaus.
Surface:

Date. | Lat. N. | Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pl. Date. | Lat. N. | Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pl.
azv | 5750'| 6E. | 870 | 3869 | o | TNs | 25 VIIT| 79°58’ |11°29'B.| 2,77 | 33,75 | + | C(s) Ny
30 VII | 78°12’ | O°17’w.| 4,59 34,53 + Cc 28 VIII | 78°23’ | 10°23’E.| 6,06 34,94 + T

1 VIII | 76°36’ | 12°8'E. 7,38 35,12 + CT 29 VIII) 77°38’ |11°40'E.| 6 34,89 , TS

3 vill | 77°46’ |26°18’E.| 1,28 30,98 + C(Ng) | 29 VIL} 77° 23’ |10°53'E.) 5,55 35,08 r TS
16 VIII | 78°27’ |32°30'E.| 1,52 33,46 + (€) Ng | 380 VIII | 76°45’ | 8° 45’ E. 5,84 34,92 c Ss
19 VIII} 80°27’ | 30°15’ E.|—0,90 82,03 r (Ng) 31 VIII | 76°27’ |10°48’E.| 5,35 35,03 r S
21 VIII | 80°31’ |18°50'E.) 2,42 - 33,93 . NgT | 81 VIIT| 76°12’ |12°18'E.) 6,26 35,15 c S
24 VIIT| 80°8’ |16°32’E.| 3,44 33,59 r (Ng) 1 1X 76°2' |13°8'E.| 6,61 35,18 c ST

20 Pp. T. CLEVE. PLANKTON, COLLECTED BY THE SWEDISH EXPEDITION TO SPITZBERGEN.

Date. Lit x Long. Temp. Sal. | Fq. Pi,
al |
2IX | 75°60’ |15°32’E.| 5,52 Bd.0] c ST
| QIN 1 Qe l1e47E| 564 | 35,12 | + T(S)
Six | ves ieee) Tet. Bade |e T(s) |
41X | 73°36’ |18°50'E.| 7,06 | 35,08 | e , S(Ns) ,
/ AIX 72°48" 1843 B.| 88 35,01 | + | TpNs
: LIN | 72°90 /ISMS'E) Sar Bhuh | + | TNs |
pix | 757 | ive. | 908 | a49e | ce | as)
5 IN | 71°14 |19°38’E.. 940 | 34,92 | ce | Tp (Ns) |

Oncea minuta GrEsBR.

Surface:

Date. | Lat. N. | Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pl. |
1 | j t

i |
29 VIL | 77°38 | 11°40'E.| 6 | 8489 5 + TS
' 29 VIL) 77°23 | 10°58'E.| 5,55 | 35,08 | + TS
‘SL VIE) 76°12 /1218'E.} 6,26 35,15 | or ge 4
| 41X TP AB 118'43'E.} Se | BS aL Yr Tp Ns |
BIX | 71°57" | 19° RE. 9,08 34,96 ’ Tp (Ns) |

Habitat: Mediterranean (GIESBR.). Eastern Atlantic: in 1898 March to May the Azores to Bretagne,
west of Bergen and Lofoten; in July: Lat. N. 65°. Long. E. 1°—6’.

Pseudocalanus elongatus (Borck).

| Date. | Lat. N. | Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pil.

,290 | 6Idu' F20R | 7,05 | 8847 | + Ne Zp |
lo5 vant} 79°53’ 1129'R.| 277 1 88,75 | » | eusyXy

Temora longicornis (O. F. Mitxt.).

Surface:

; Date. | Lat. aa Long. | Temp. | Sal. Fq. Pl. |
! | : i

wT ye we. | 870 | 3869! » | Tp Ne

28 \ 58° 41’ i SVR. | 8.30 33,04 ! + 1 MsTp |
2g: Gur18! roo 8,35 | gaz | ¢ | vazp |
; Be TOPO eR! Gas | Baas ep |
, 80M 68d BE TAT, 88 a2 r | Ns Tp |
'.30V | 68°52’ 65'E. | 8 3453 9 or | Tp Ns

KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 32, wni:o 3- 21

Ciliata.

Cyttarocylis denticulata (Exs.). Branpr (Bibl. Zool. 1896) has some years ago split
the Tintinnus denticulatus of EHRENBERG in several new species, which, however, seem to
me to be mere varieties. But as it is of a certain importance for hydrography to distin-
guish also races I have tried to keep the forms separate. Around Spitzbergen was found,
besides, a new variety obtusa (Aurivituvs), which differs from var. giyantea by the apical
end being rounded.

a. typical C. denticulata.
Surface:

Date. | Lat. N. | Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pl.

28v | 5814’ 1 4°40'B.| 8,8 31,88 | + | Ns Tp
30 V | 68°52" | 65'B. | 8 34,53 | + | Ty Ns
31 Vv | 65°47 |or10'E.| 901 | 3467 | « | Me tp
3 vi | 77°46’ |}26°18'E.| 1,23 | 30,98 | » | (ay)

15 viit| 77°49 |32°53'E.| 1,55 | 33,20 | (¢)
15 vilr| 78°38’ |34°30'R.| 152 | 3430 | > e
16 vir! 78°27 |32°30'R.| 1,52 | 3846 | + | w9(C)
29 VIII | 77°38 |11°40'B.| 6 34,89 | TS
B31 VIt| 76°12 |1218'B.| 626 | 3515 | + 8
11x | vee jiseen.| 661 | 3513 | + Ts

21x | 75°24’ \1647'B.| 564 | 3512 | ¢ | 71s)
41x | 73°36 |19°50’E.| 7,06 | 35,03 | + | s(Ns)

b. Var. edentula (C. edentula Branprt).

Surface:

Date. | Lat. N. | Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pl.
26 VII | 77°58’ | 6°3'E. 4,78 34,57 r (€)
30 VIL | 78°12’ |@ 17 Ww.) 4,59 34,53 ¢ (C)
31 VIL | 77°14 |6°34'E.| 5,35 34,77 ce 8
29 VIII} 77°38’ |11°40’E.| 6 34,89 r ST
29 VIIl| 77° 23’ | 10°53’E.| 5,55 85,08 c ST
11IX | .76°2’ |18°8'E.| 6,61 35,138 ¢ ST |

c. Var. gigantea (C. gigantea Branpt).

Surface:

Date. | Lat. N. | Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pl.

29 V | 61°40’ | 4°20'E.| 7,05 83,47 | r X | Ns Tp
30 V | 6241! BE. 747 33,12 | rx Vs Tp
380 V | 63°13’ | 5°15’ EL.) 817 34,53 | +X | Tp Ns
31 V | 65°19’ | 8 20'E.| 835 85,84 | Xx P

Ww
lo

P. T. CLEVE. PLANKTON COLLECTED BY THE SWEDISH EXPEDITION TO SPITZBERGEN.

Date. | Lat. N.; Long. | Temp. Sal. Fq. Pi. Date. | Lat. N./ Long Temp. Sal. Fq. Pi.
isiv | 653d’ s45'R.| 833 | 35,00 | 1 | ver | 20.vuT| 80°45’ [26r40’R.| 0,13 | 82,20 | + (Ng)
| ivr | 6642 l10°30’'n.| 83. 3469 | » x | 77) Ns| 28 VIIT| 78°23’ | 10'28'H| 6,06 | 8404 | » | T(Ng)

2VI | 68°30 |13°10'R.| 7,55 | 34,33 | + Nec | Q9viI| 77°38 }11°40'E.) 6 34,89 | o> TS

JL VI | 72°10’ | 21°46’E.) 5,53 35,25 | rx (CT) | 81 VIL} 76°27" | 10°48’E.| 5,35 35,03 | r xX s

w2v1 | 73°40’ ,e2°40's.| 240 | 35081 , | ¢ 11x | 762 (13°8'E.' 661 | 35,13 | TS
}@3v1 | 77°18" |2710°R.| 097 | 9315 | + | QIX | 75°50’ |15°3E.; 5,52 | 85,01 | rx | sT
98 vi | 7752 | ssw.) 8638 | 8438) + | Cc Q1x | 75°94’ |16°47’E.| 5,64 | 35,12 | ¢ T(8)
| SVT} 77°46’ |26°18'E.| 1,23 | 30,98 = BIX | 7114 /19°38'E.| 9,40 | 34,92 | c¢ TpNs |

d. Var. media (C. media Branpt).
Surface:

Date. | Lat N. Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pl. Date. | Lat. N. | Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. PL.
s0v | 624i | SE. | 747 | 8812 | o | Ne Tp | 29. VIIT] 77°88 |11°40'H) 6 34,89 1 TS
26 VIL | 78°13) 1 7°30'E.| 534 | 84e9 | r | — | 29viitt 17°28" \10°68' EH! 555 | 35,08 | + TS
26 VII | 77°53 | &3'B. | 4,78 | 84571 + (@) | 80vIIE| 77 S3’E.| 5,65 | 35,03 | + TS
30 VIE | 79°12 0°17’ Ww.) 4,59 | 8453) + C | 80 VIIL| 76°45’ | 8°45'E.| 5,34 | 34,92 ; +x 8

3 Vill! 77°83’ |28°35'R.) B94 | B445 | > (c) | 31 vit} 76°27’ |10°43'B) 5,35 | 35,03 | + 8
15 VIIT| 77°48’ | 32°53'E., 1,55 33,20] x (¢) | 81 VIII] 76°12’ |19°18'B) 6,26 | 8515 | + S
16 vin | 78°27’ 32°30'E.| 152 | 33,46 | 1 | xg(c) | QIX | 75°50’ 15°38 B! 5,52 | 8501) + ST
20 vill | 81°8 |23°35'B! 0,71 | 3284] > Ng QIX | 75°24 16°47 EB] Set 35,12 | T (8)
21 VITL| 80°31’ |18°50'E| 242 | 33,93 | » vor | 31x | 7442 |1642'B| 724 | 35,17 | + T (8)
| 25 VII | 79°53 |11°22' EB) 277 +; 33,75 | + !¢(8)Ng| 41X | 78°36 |18°50'E| 7,06 | 35,03 | » | SLYs)
27 VIE) 79°58’ | 9°80 B! 4,53 | 8453 °° » | OT 41x | 72°43’ /19°43'E 88 35,01 | or | TpNs
28 viiT| 78°23’ |10°23’B} 66 | 3494 co | 5IX | 71°57" | 19 EB. | 9,08 | 3496 | > | Tp(Ns)

e. Var. obtusa AuRIv.
Surface:
| Date. | Lat. N. | Long. Temp. Sal. | Fq. Pl. |
| |
21 vI | 76°97 |25°55' EB. 0,24 38,68 Y (0)
3 VIII | 77°46’ |26°18'E., 1,23 30,98 > (¢)
4 VII1| 78°18" | 28° 5. 212 «8801 0 r | Age
15 VIIE| 77°48' |32°53'E} 1,55, 3320! » | «&
15 vit | 78°38" |34°30'E, 1,82 38,21 + c
16 VIL] 78°27 |32°30'R| 1,52 38,46 | « | sg0
18 VIII) 79°55! | 32°10'E.| 0,58 8321: + | xe
19 vit | 80°97 | 30°15’ E| —0,90| 3203 + Ny

Fungella arctica CL. N. Sp. By this name I propose to distinguish, provisionally,
an organism, which, as I believe, belongs to the ciliate infusoria, but differs considerably

from

all known forms.

Having had no opportunity of examining living specimens

I am, at present, unable to characterize the new genus sufficiently. It seems to be nearest
allied to the problematic Baltic form, designed by Hxnsrn as »Sternhaarstatoblasten» and
of which I have found some specimens in one of the hauls from Spitzbergen.

KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 32. w:o 3. 23

The Fig. 1, Pl. I represents on empty shell, which is very hyaline and structureless.
The animal inhabits the central ovate cavity, which on alcohol-preserved specimens was
quite filled by a granular mass.

Diam.: 0,18; height 0,096; diam. of the opening 0,023 mm.
Surface: 20. VIII. 80° 8'N. 16°32'R. Temp. 8,44. Sal. 33,59.
Habitat: found recently on the coasts of Denmark, Holland and England.

Ptychocylis acuta Branpt.
Surface:

Date. | Lat. N. | Long. Temp. Sal. Fg. Pi.

1VI | 66°42’ |10°30'E.| 853 | 84,69 | »x | TTpNs
28 vil | 78°98 | 10°23 B.| 606 | 8404 | + | TW)
29 VIII) 77°38" |11°40'E| 6 34,89 | + ST

31 VIII] 76°12 |12°18'E| 626 | 3515 | s

lie | wo te oH) Gen | Be | 2 ST

21x | 75°50' 115°82' EB) 552 | 35,01 | + ST
21x | 75°24’ 1647 B) 564 | 3512 | + | 7(8)
3IX | 74°49 |16°49'H) 7,04 | 8517 | ¢ | r(s)
41X | 78786 | 18°60'E.| 7,06 | 35,03 | + | S(Ns)
41X | 72°43’ |18°43' EB] 88 39,01 | + | Tp Ns
51x | 71°57 | 195. | 908 | 8496 | » | Tp(Ns)
51x | 71°14’ {19°38 BH] 940 | 3492 | » | TNs

As the planktontype Ns is derived from T, it is from the above dates evident that
this species belongs to the trichotype.

P. obtusa Branpr. Being unable to distinguish between P. obtusa and P. Drygalskiit
Branpt, I believe that the above name comprises both.

Surface:

Date. | Lat. N.| Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pl. Date. | Lat. N. | Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pl.
12 VI 73° 40" | 22°40' BE. 2,40 | 35,05 r Cc 20 VIII] 80°45’ | 26°40'E.| 0,18 32,20 r Ng
20 VI 74 53’ | 20°17' E. 0,16 | 34,76 r C(Ng) | 20 VIIL} 81°8' | 23°35'E) 0,71 32,84 c Ny
21 VI 76° 27' | 25°56’ E. 0,24 | 33,68 r (C) 21 VIII} 80°31’ | 18°50’ E) 2,42 38,93 + Ng T
23 VI 77 15! | 27°10' E. 0,97 | 33,15 + (C) 24 VIIL) 80°8’ | 16°32’E| 3,44 33,59 r (Ng)
25 VI 76° 34’ | 17°24’ E. 0,6 33,80 + — 25 VIIL| 79°53’ | 11°22’E) 2,77 38,75 + | C(8)Ng
26 VIL | 78°13’ | 7°30'E. 5,84 | 84,89 r = 27 VIII} 79°58’ | 9°35°E.) 4,58 34,53 r T

3 VIII | 77°46’ | 26°18’ E, 1,23 | 380,98 r (C Ng) | 28 VIII | 78°23’ | 10°23’ E.) 6,06 34,93 7 T (Ng)

4 VIIl; 78°18’ | 28°E. 2,12 | 838,01 + NgC | 29 VIII) 77°38’ |11°40'E.) 6 34,89 r TC
15 VIII | 77° 48" | 82°53’ E. 1,55 | 33,20 + (C) 29 VII] | 77° 23' | 10°53’ E., 5,55 35,08 c TS
15 VIII} 78° 38’ | 34°30’ E. 1,52 | 33,21 + Cc 30 VIII] 77° 83’ E. 5,65 35,08 r 8
16 VIII | 78°27’ | 82°80’ E. 1,52 | 83,46 c NgC | 80 VIIL| 76°45’ | 8°45'E| 5,34 34,92 r 8
18 VIII | 79°55’ | 82°10’ E.| —0,58 | 38,21 r NgC | 31 VII} 76°27 | 10°43’) 5,85 35,08 | +x 8
19 VIII | 80°27’ | 30°15’ E.; —0,90 | 32,03 c Ng 3 1X 74 42’ | 16°42’ EB) 7,24 85,17 , T (8)
20 VIII | 81°14’ | 22°50’ E. 0,38 | 383,42 + T

This species is evidently an arctic neritic form, characterizing the type Ng.

24 7p. T. CLEVE. PLANKTON COLLECTED BY THE SWEDISH EXPEDITION TO SPITZBERGEN.

Tintinnus? ealyptra Cr. N. sp. Shell irregularly conical. Opening not denticulate.
End closed. Some few, obliquely transverse lines are visible, especially towards the
opening. Structure: small, rounded alveoli, arranged nearly quincuncially.

Pl. I, fig. 2.

Diam.: 0,04; height 0,09 mm.
10°43’ E. Temp. 5,36.

Very rare: 31. VIII. 76° 27'N. Sal. 35,03. Pl. S.

T. minutus Branpt. As I have seen no figure of this species I am somewhat
uncertain about the identification. The form which I suppose to be 7. minutus is figured
in the Pl. I, fig. 3 and differs from 7. gracilis Brayor in the less close teeth only, so

Diam. 0,03; height 0,05 mm.

that the above name probably comprises both.

Surface:
Date. | Lat. N. | Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pl.
3 VIL) 77°46’ |26°18' EF.) 1.23 30,98 ? (C Ng)
15 VIII; 78°38’ |34°30'E.| 1,52 33,21 + Cc
21 Vill] 80°31’ |18°50'E.| 2,42 | 38,93 | Agr 4
25 VII | 79°53’ |11°22"B.| 2,77 | 88,75 | or | CNG,
| 28 VIII] 78’ 23’ |10°23'E.) 6,06 34,94 r T (Ng)
29 VIII | 77°38 | 11°40’ E.) 6 34,89 + TS
29 VEIL | 77°23’ | 10°53’ FE.) 5,55 35,08 + TS
81 VI | 76°27’ | 10°48’ BE} 3,85 35,03 r s
; LIX TH°2' LS SE) 6,61 35,13 + ST
| aix | 75750° 15°32’ B| B52 8501 | rx | ST

T.? pellucidus Ct. N. sp. Shell a thin, structureless, irregular tube, which towards

the wider opening has a number

tinated bodies.

of close and fine, transverse lines.

No foreign agglu-

Diam. 0,04; height 0,24 mm. PI. I, fig. 4.
Surface:
Date. | Lat. N. | Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pl:
20 VI} 81° 14 | 22°50'R.) 1,18 33,42 r PPT (i
20 VIL | 81°8’ | 23°35’ B 0,71 32,84 r (Ny) |
| 21 VITT) 80°31’ | 18°50’ E. 242 33,98 r Ng T |
27 VIII 79°58" 9°35 B., 4,58 | 34,53 , Pr 4
T. secatus Branpr.
Surface:
[ T
| Date. | Lat. N.' Long. Temp | Sal. Fq. Pl. Date. Tat N. | Long. Temp | Sal. Fq. | Pl. |
1 t 1 1
| | i
21 VIE | 80°31’ | 18°50’ E. 2,42 33,938 a NgT | 30 VII!) 77 83' E. 5,65 | 35,03 r x
| QV, 79°63" 1222" E. 254 | 33,75 vr) CUS) Ng! 31 sa 76° 27' | 10°43 R535 35,03 ms | & 4
29 VHT} 77°38" | 11°40’ E| 6 34,89 vr ST 11x | 76°2' ag 8 E) 6,61 | 35,13 y i er |
QO VIII 77°23’ 10°53 E! 5,55 «83,08 + TS

KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 32. w:0 3. 25

Cystoflagellata.

Noctiluca miliaris Surtray.
28.V. Lat. N. 58°41’. Long HE. 4°34’. Temp. 8,30. Sal. 33,04. Fq. rr. Pl. Tp.

Silicoflagellata.
Dictyocha speculum Exp.
Surface:
Date. | Lat. N.| Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pi.
31 vit | 76°27’ |10°43'B.| 5,35 | 35,03 | x 8
| 11x | vere |13° ee) 661 | 35,13 | rr | st
Radiolaria.

Acanthochiasma Krohnii Hxt.

5.IX. Lat. N.71° 50’. Long E.19° 2’. Haul 250—0 m. Fq. rr. Pl. WS.

Acanthocorys umbellifera Hk.

Deep-sea hauls:

Date. Lat. N. Long. Depth. Fq. Pi.
1 VIII) 76°36’ | 12°13'E.| 500-Om | + | 7s
27 VIL | 79°58’ | 9° 385'E. | 400-0 >» | cs |
11X | 75°50 | 15°25'E.| 325-0 » | + 8
5IX | 71°50' | 19 2B. | 20-0 >» | » 8

Habitat Mediterranean (HKL.). Styliplankton of the warmer Atlantic. Farde Channel (CL.).

Acanthometron elasticum Hxt.
Surface: 31. VIII. Lat. N 76°27’. Long E. 10°43’. Temp. 5,35. Sal. 35,03. Faq. rr. Pl. S.

A. quadrifolium (Hxt.). — As I am unable to distinguish between Acanthonia qua-
drifolia and Acanthometron catervatum Hx. the above name may comprise both. Also
Acanthometron siculum does not seem to be anything but a larger and stouter form of
the same species. In most samples with A. quadrifol. I have seen Acanthostauros pallidus
(Cuar. & Lacum.), which seems to me not to be anything but a younger form of

K. Sy. Vet. Akad. Hand]. Band 32. Nir 3. 4

26 P. T. CLEVE. PLANKTON COLLECTED BY THE SWEDISH EXPEDITION TO SPITZBERGEN.

Acanthometron quadrifolium, as transitional forms exist. I therefore include this form in
A. quadrifolium.

Surface: Deep-sea hauls:
é ; i rf
| Date. | Lat. N | Long. . ‘emp. Sal. Fq. | Pl. | | Date. Lat. N. | Long. | Depth. Fq. Pi.
? | ! ,
4IN 7243’ 143 EB] 8.38 35,01 | » | tpNs | 26-87 VN) 77°39] 118.7 500-0 m. | + Ts
| IX 757) 19B. | On | S496 | ¢ | mia} LIX | 75°60" | 15°25'R.' 325-0 » | + 8
lasix aviv ligase! 940 | 3402 © | tpXs |
61x 70°99 20°92! «oar * Bhar | + | tx!
Acanthonia Miilleri Hx.
Surface:
Date. | Lat. N.j; Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pl. |
2 1X 7°50’ | 15°32 E.} 5,52 35,01 ? ST
| sax 'crsr 98. | oox | s4g5 + | mere |
Habitat: Mediterranean (HKL.). — Styliplankton of the warmer Atlantic (CL.).

Actinomma boreale Cr. N. sp.

a. Primordial shell. Thick walled, 0,06 min. in diameter, with rounded, regular
pores (0,003 to 0,005 mm. in diameter), two to three times broader than the bars, four
on the radius. Spines in variable number, with triangular and forked apophyses half
way to the apex. — Pl. I, fig. 5 a.

b. Secundary (Haliomma-)shell. Thick walled, 0,08 mm. in diameter, with rounded
pores of unequal size (0,01 to 0,02 mm. in diameter), three to four on the radius. Bars
0,oo2 to Q,oos mm. thick. Spines in variable number, stout shorter than the radius,
scattered at intervals. — Resembles Haliomma beroes. — Fig.: Pl. I, f. 5 6.

e. Tertiary (Actinomma-)shell. Thin walled, 0,1 to 0,12 mm. in diameter, with
numerous, small (0,002 to 0,007 mm. in diameter), irregular rounded pores. Bars as broad
as the pores. Spines numerous, scattered, half as long as the radius. — Fig.s Pl. h
f. 5 ¢; d structure.

Deep-sea hauls:

Date. Lat. N. Long. Depth. Fq. Pi,
29—30 vil) 78°13" | 258 W.| 2600-0 my ae
1vint | 76°36’ | 12°13'B. | 500-0» | » | ors |
27 vill | 79°58 | y3yEe.| 400-05] » ae
LIX | 75°50 | istes'e. | ge5-0>] » 5 |
ST 5 SER | te S| eso GP

KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 32. N:0 3. 27

Artrostrobus annulatus (Bam.) Hxx. Pl. 1. f. 6.

Deep-sea hauls:

| Date. Lat. N, Long. Depth. | Iq. Pi.
29-30 VI1| 78°13’ | 2°58’ W. | 2,600—0 m. | + cs
1 VUI 76° 36’ | 12°13" E. 500—0 > r TS

Habitat: Kamtschatka, Greenland.

“

Aulacantha levissima Hx. As there exists no figure of this species in Hazcnret’s
monograph, I am somewhat uncertain about the identification. Length of radial tubes
about 1 mm. breadth 0,001z—0,o015 mm.; length of tangential tubes about 0,18 mm. —
Pl. I, fig. 7 a radial b tangential tubes.

Deep-sea haul: 29—30 VIII. Lat. N. 78°13’. Long W. 2°58’. 2,600—O m. Fq. + — (Fragments).

Habitat: Farde Channel.

Aulodendron antarcticum Hi. Detached spines perfectly agreeing with the figures

in HaEcKEL’s monograph.
Deep-sea haul: 29—30 VII. Lat. N. 78°13’. Long. W. 2°58’. Faq. r.
Habitat: Kerguelen.

Auloscena spectabilis Hxt. Fragments exactly agreeing with the figures in HaxcKE.’s

monograph.
Deep-sea haul: 29—30 VII. Lat. N. 78°13’. Long. W. 2°58’. Fq. +.
Habitat: Antarctic Ocean (surface).

Beroetta melo Cu. N. Sp. Gen. char. Family Challengerida. Shell without inner
prominent tube of the mouth, with apical thoot but without marginal spines. Mouth
simple, without peristome. Shell longitudinally furrowed. — Sp. char, Shell ovate.
Length 0,09 mm. Breadth 0,05 mm. Longitudinal furrows 3 in 0,01 mm. Mouth 0,02 mm.

in diameter.
Very rare in the deep-sea gathering: 29-—30 VI. Lat. N. 78°13’. Long. W. 2°58. 2,600—0 m.
Pl. I, f. 8.

Botryopyle setosa Cr. N.S. Length 0,065 mm. Breadth 0,05 mm. Cephalis trilobate,
with rounded, irregular peres and some scattered seta. Thorax twice as long as the
cephalis, with very irregular pores of different size.

Pl. I, f. 10 a; b Cephalis from below, showing the septum.

Deep-sea hauls:

Date. Lat. N. Long. Depth. Fq. Pl.

29—30 VII} 78° 13 2°58’ W.| 500—0 m. r SC

1 VIII | 76°36’ | 12°13'E. | 500—O >» , TS

27 VII | 79° 58" 9°35’ E. | 400—0 > r Cs
1 1X 75° 50! | 15°25’ E. | 3825—0 » Yr 8

28 ¥p. T. CLEVE. PLANKTON COLLECTED BY THE SWEDISH EXFEDITION TO SPITZBERGEN.

Challengeria Harstonii J. Murray.

Deep-sea hauls:

Date. | Tat. N. Long. Depth. Fq. Pi.
29—30 VII, 78°13? | 2°58’ W. | 2,600-Om.| + SC
27 VII | 79°58’ | 9°35’ E. 400—0 » r SC
| 1IX | 75°50’ | 15°25'E. | 825-0. | + S
Habitat: The abysmal depths east of Japan. ‘
C. tridens Hx.
Surface: Deep-sea hauls:
Date. | Lat. N. | Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pi. Date. Lat. N. Long. Depth. Fq. Pl.
29 VII | 77°38’ | 11°40'E.| 6 34,89 r TS 29—30 VII} 78°13’ | 2°58’ W.) 2,600—0 m.| rv cs
1IX 762’ (13° SE] 6,61 35,13 r TS 27 VIII | 79°58’ | 9°35'E.; 400—0 » r cs
1 Ix 75°50" | 15°25 E. | 3825—0 » r Ss
5 IX 71°50’ | 19° 2’ E.| 230—0 > r S

Habitat: Farée Channel.

Challengeron Nathorstii Cr. N. sp. Shell ovate to subspherical, with a single spine
at the apical pole, as long as the radius of the shell or longer. Diameter of the mouth
half as long as the diameter of the shell. Structure: regular hexagonal alveoli, quincun-
cially arranged in obliquely decussating rows (3 in 0,01 mm.). Peristome finely punctate,
with two long and pointed, hollow, almost parallel horns, and below each of them a
triangular or ovate hole.

Diameter of the shell 0,06 to 0,08 mm.

Pl. I, f. 9a. Fig. 9 d structure.
The nearest relative is C. diodon from

the south-eastern Pacific Ocean.

Deep-sea hauls:

Date. Lat. N. Long. Depth. Fq. Pi.
27 VIL | 79°58’ 9°35’ E. | 400—O m. rr SC
5 Ix 71°50’ | 19° 2’E. | 230—0 > ve s
Habitat: Surface, 64° 25’ N.; 11°50’ W. 10th March 1899.
Collozoum inerme (J. Moxt.).
Surface:
Date. | Lat. N.| Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pi.
9 VI | 70°54’ | 20°43'E.| 7,15 34,83 y C (Ss)
10 VI | 71°10’ |21°31/E| 6,71 35,20 c cs
10 VI | 71°42’ | 22°35’B.| 6,40 85,15 r TC

Habitat: Cosmopolitan, common in all warmer seas (Mediterranean, Atlantic, Indian and Pacific) HACKEL.
— Not rare in the styliplankton of the eastern Atlantic (CL.).

KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 32. w:o 3. 29

Cromyomma zonaster (Ens). Thick walled and obscure, 0,11 mm. in diameter,
densely covered with thin, flexible, radial spines, as long as the radius. Pores rounded
0,005 to 0,007 mm. in diameter; bars 0,003 to 0,005 mm. broad.

Deep-sea haul: 5. IX. Lat. N. 71°50’. Long. BE. 19° 2’. Fq. rr. PL oS.
Habitat: Greenland, abysmal.

Dietyocephalus sp. In one of the deep-sea hauls was found one specimen (PI. UH,
fig. 1) which perhaps may be D. obtusus or Lophophena obtusa Ens. Micrg. XXII, f. 40.

Dictyophimus gracilipes Bam. Cephalis hemispherical, with a single stout horn of
variable length. Pores rounded. Thorax a three-sided smooth pyramide, with three
decurrent ribs, prolonged in long, smooth three-sided feet. Pores rounded, irregular,
decreasing in size towards the cephalis.

Cephalis 0,02 mm. long; horn 0,04—0,05 mm. Thorax 0,05 mm. long and 0,07 mm. broad. PI. II, fig. 2.

Deep-sea hauls:

Date. Lat. N. Long. Depth. Fq. Pl.

29—30 VII) 78°13’ | 2°58’ W. | 2,600—Om.| r cs

1 VIIT | 76°36’ | 12°13’E. 500—0 > r TS
27 VIIL | 79°58’ | 9°35'E. 400—O » r cs
1 1X 75° 50’ | 15°25’ E. 325—O » , 8

Habitat: Kamtschatka and the north Pacific Ocean.

Euphysetta Nathorstii Cr, N. sp. Shell ovate, with a single spine on the apical
pole. Structure double: coarser longitudinal (9 in 0,01 mm.) and transverse (8 to 9 in
0,01 mm.) faint ribs crossing each other at right angles and, besides, very small puncta
arranged in obliquely decussating rows (17 in 0,01 mm.). Peristome short and wide,
with four slender articulate teeth, three of the same length but the fourth much longer.
From the middle of the fourth tooht there issues in the middle a small spine.

Length 0,06 mm. Breadth 0,04 mm. PI. II, fig. 3.
Deep-sea haul: 29—30 VII. Lat. N. 78°13’. Long. W. 2°58’. Faq. rr. Depth 2,600—0 m.
Of the genus Euphysetta three species only are known, all from the tropical and southern Atlantic.

Euscenium tricolpium Hk.

Deep-sea haul: 29—30 VII. Lat. N. 78°13’. Long. W. 2°58’. Fq. rr. Depth 2,600—0 m.
Habitat: Central Pacific Ocean, abysmal (HKL.). — Northern Atlantic, between Shetlands and Norway,
surface (March 1898 CL.).

Gazelletta sp.

Fragments of the feet (smootb) were found in the deep-sea haul: 29—-30 VII. Lat. N. 78°13’. Long.
W. 2°58’. Depth 2,600—0 m.

Heliosphera actinota Hxt.

One small specimen (Diam. 0,06 mm. Pores three on the radius, 0,013 mm. broad) in the deep-sea haul
29—30 VII. Lat. N. 78°13’. Long. W. 2° 58’. 2,600—0O m.

Habitat: Mediterranean, Canaries, Azores (HKL.).

30 Pp. T. CLEVE. PLANKTON COLLECTED BY THE SWEDISH EXPEDITION TO SPITZBERGEN.

Hexadoras borealis Cu. N. sp.

Primordial shell: irregularly spherical, 0,03 to 0,04 mm. in diameter, with irregular,
rounded or polygonal pores, 2 to 3 on the radius, and thin bars. Spines six, excep-
tionally more, strong, with triangular apophyses in the middle. Pl. II, fig. 4 a.

Outer shell: a rounded or octahedric, more or less intricate net-work of anastomos-
ing, silicious threads, issuing from the proximal edges of the spines. Spines usually six
(rarely as in Rhizoplegma 8 to 10) strong, three-sided slightly spirally twisted, with
elegantly aculeate, winged edges.

Diam. 0,12 to 0,16 mm. Spines 0,1 mm. Pl. II, fig. 4 3, ¢.

Deep-sea hauls:

| Date. Lat. N. Long. Depth. Fq. Pi.
| 1 Vil | 76°36" | 12°13’ RB. | 500—0 m. r TS
| 27 vir | 79°58’ | 9°33’ R. | 400—0 >» ’ Cs
| SIN 71°50’ | 19° 2 E. | 230—0 » ’ s

Habitat: North Atlantic, between Shetlands and Norway, surface, March 1898 (CL.).

Litholophus ligurinus Hxx. (L. arcticus Aurtv.).

Surface: ; Deep-sea hauls:
|
Date. | Lat. N.: Long. Temp. Sal. ¥q. Pil. | | Date. | Lat. N. | Long. Depth. Fq. Pl.
1 | |
‘ Spend seas : | eee eee : :
25 vit | 73°18°° 7°30°B.| 534 8489 | > a4 B27 vit] 77°39 |1°18'E.] 100-Om. ' 4 TS
| 27 vill) 79°58’ | 9°35'B) 4,58 | 34,53 r | oT | | Q@7 vr | 75s’ | Psa EB. | 400-0 >» | > cs |
29 VIIL| 77°23’ | 10°63’ E| 5,58 35,03 . | we 3
BL VIIL| 76°27’ | 10°48’ B.) 5.35 35,03 a S
"31 Vill | 76°12 [12°18 B] 6,26 | 35,15 | + ge 4

Fabitat: Mediterranean, central Pacific Ocean (HKL.).

Lithomitra australis (Eap.)? The shell Pl. Il, fig. 5 seems to be the upper joints
of Eucyrtidium australe Ens. from the South Polar ice (Microg. 35 A XNI, f. 18). It was
found very rarely in the haul 29—30 VII. Lat. N. 78°13’. Long. W. 2°58’. 2,600—O0 m.

Fig. 6, Pl. Il represents a nearly related form from the same gathering.

L. lineata (Ens.). Pl. I, fig. 7.

Deep-sea hauls:

Date. Lat. N. Long. Depth. Fq. Pl.
29—30 VII} 78°13" | 2°58’ W. | 2,600—0 m. . cs
27 VIN | 79 58’ | 9°35 RE. 400—0 >» r cs

| Bix | 3s | se em | Seow se Ss

Habitat: Mediterranean, Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans (HKL.).

KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 32. wn:o 3. 31

Peridium (?) intricatum Cy. N. sp. Shell irregularly polyhedral, of a very loose
and irregular frame-work with large, polygonal meshes, the apical being the largest. Basal
plate with three large meshes of about the same size. Horn short.

Pl. II, fig. 8 a and & in different foci.

Diameter of the shell 0,08 mm.
Deep-sea haul: 29—30 VII. Lat. N. 78°13’. Long. W. 2°58’. 2,600—0 m. One single specimen.

P. (?) laxum Cr. N. sp. Shell irregularly polyhedral of a very loose frame-work,
with large polygonal and irregular meshes, the apical being the largest. Basal plate with
two cardinal and two jugular meshes of about the same size. Horn a fine bristle, half
as long as the shell.

Pl. Il, fig. 9 a, & (in different foci).
Diam. of the shell 0,05 mm.
Deep-sea haul: 5, IX. Lat. N. 71°50’. Long. E. 19° 2’. 230—0 m. One single specimen.

P. (?) minutum Cr. N. sp. By this name I denote provisionally a very small shell,
which perhaps might be the primordial shell of Dictyophimus gracilipes or Acanthocorys
umbellifera, to which I have not yet succeeded in finding transitional forms. It is repre-
sented on the PI. II, fig. 1 a, 6, c, the two latter being the same shell in different foci.
— The diameter of the shell 0,03 to 0,04 mm.

Deep-sea hauls:

Date. Lat. N. Long. Depth. Fq. | Pl.
, 238—80 VIT!| T8138" 2 58’ W. | 2,600—2 m. , | C8
| vir | 750°) «9°35'B. | 400-0» | > Cs

Phorticium pylonium Hxi. To this variable and cosmopolitan species I refer the
shell figured on the PI. III, fig. 2 a, b, c. The fig. d represents the primordial shell,
which occurs isolated in the deep-sea gatherings and bears a strong resemblance to Haliomma
aequorea Ens. (Microg. XIX, 51 from Aegina).

Deep-sea hauls:

Date. Lat. N. Long. Depth. Fg. Pi.

29—80 VII} 78°13’ | 2°58’ W. | 2,600—0 m. r SC

1 VIII | 76°36’ | 12°18’ E. 500—O > ? TS
27 Vill | 79°58’ | 9°35’ KE. 400—0O » . cs
1 IX 75° 50’ | 15° 25’ E. 325—0 > r 8
5 IX 71°50’ | 19 2’. 230—0 » r 8

Plectophora arachnoides (Crap. & Lacum.) Hx. In this species I include also
Plagiacantha arachnoides (Cuar. & Lacum.) Hxu., which represents the young state. The
net-work combining the spines is subject to great variation.

32 P. T. CLEVE. PLANKTON COLLECTED BY THE SWEDISH EXPEDITION TO SPITZBERGEN.

Surface:
| Date. | Lat. N. ; Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pl. Date. | Lat. N. | Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pi.
|
10Vi | 71°40’ | 21°31’ FB. 6,71 35,20 r cs 1 IX 762? |18 8’ E| 6,61 35,13 r ST
28 VIII | 78°23’ | 10°23’ E.) 6,06 84,94 a T 2 1X 75° 50’ | 15°32’ BE) 5,52 35,01 + ST
29 VIIL! 77°38’ | 11°40'E., 6 34,89 r TS 2 1X 75° 24" |16°47'E., 5,64 35,12 r T (8)
30 vin | 77° 8 3 EB, 5,65 35,08 r S 3 IX 74 42’ | 16°42’ EB.) 7,24 35,17 r T (8)
30 VIII | 76°45’ | 845'E.) 5,34 34,92 r 8 4 1X 73° 36’ |18°50'E.| 7,06 35,03 r S (Ns)
31 VIIL; 76°27’ | 10°43'E| 5,35 35,03 1 8 6 IX 70° 23’ | 20°82’ B.| 9,37 34,41 r Tp (Ns)
, 81 VIIT, 76°12" | 12°18’ E| 6,26 35,15 r 8 *

Deep-sea hauls:

Date. Lat. N. Long. Depth. Fq. Pi. |
1 vilt | 76°36’ | 12°13’E. | 500—0 m. r TS
27 VIIT | 79°58' | 9°35'E. | 400—0 » ” cs
13x 75° 50’ | 15°25’ EB. | 825-0 > r s |

Habitat: Coasts of Scotland and Norway. Newfoundland Banks (CL.).

Plectanium (?) simplex Cx. N. sp. — Bars thin, cylindrical, each divided at the
distal end into three branches, connected by thin threads into a delicate polyhedral net-
work (Diam. 0,06 mm.).

Pl. Ill, fig. 3.
One single specimen in the haul 29—30 VII. Lat. N. 78°13’. Long. W. 2° 58’. — 2,600—O m.
Polypetta holostoma Cr. N. sp. — Shell spherical. Structure: triangular alveoli

(1,5 in 0,01 mm.) separated by prominent fine crests. At each point, where these crests cross
each other, a short, small thorn arises. On the surface of the shell are scattered without
order a number of narrow, structure-less, straight or slightly curved tubes, longer around
the proboscis, where they are three to four times as long as the diameter of the shell.
Proboscis a cylindrical tube, somewhat shorter than the diameter of the shell. The mouth
with a narrow, undivided rim.

Diam. 0,09 to 0,1 mm.

Pl. Ill, fig. 4 a; & structure.
Deep-sea haul: 29—30 VII. Lat. N. 78°13’. Lat. W. 2°58’. — 2,600—0 m. +.

This species agrees in all respects, except the mouth, with Polypetta tabulata HK. from the abysmal
depth of the Indian Ocean.

Pterocorys irregularis Cr. N. sp. — Cephalis nearly spherical, with one apical and
one lateral horn. Its pores small and indistinct. Thorax with three strong, downwards
directed horns, as long as the breadth of the thorax. Pores rounded, as broad as the
bars, variable in size (0,002 to 0,006 mm. in diameter) and scattered without order. The
upper part of the thorax provided with some few spines. Abdomen not distinctly sepa-
rated from the thorax. Its pores similar to those of the thorax.

KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 32. w:o 3. 33

Length of cephalis 0,03, of thorax 0,07 min., of abdomen 0,01 mm. Breadth of thorax 0,07 mm., of
abdomen 0,08 mm.

Pl. IV, fig. 1.
The nearest allied form seems to be P. columda.
One specimen in the haul 29—30 VII. lat. N. 78° 13’. Long. W. 2° 58’. — 2,600—0 m.

Habitat: Between Shetlands and Norway, surface, March 1898.

Sagenoscena penicillata Hxr. — Agrees with the description and figures in Hmoxet’s
monograph with the exception that the radial rods have the same thickness as the tan-
gential bars and are shorter than these, characteristics so trifling that I do not consider
them sufficient for the distinction of a variety.

This species, known from the abysmal depths of the Antarctie Ocean, was found in fragments in the haul
29—30 VI. Lat. N. 78°13’. Long. W. 2° 58’. — 2,600—0 m.

Sethoconus galea Ci. N. sp. — Shell campanulate or hemispherical, as long as
broad (0,12 mm.), with rudimentary cephalis, not distinctly separated from the thorax.
One apical spine and several small spines on the thorax. Pores irregularly polygonal,
increasing in size from the apex, the largest 0,02 min. in diameter.

Pl. IV, fig. 3.

Some few specimens in the haul 29—30 VII. Lat. N. 78°13’. Long. W. 2° 58’. — 2,600—0 m.

Sethoconus tabulatus (Ens.) Hxr.

Cephalis 0,018 mm. long. Thorax in length 0,06 mm., in breadth 0,045 mm. Largest pores 0,008 mm.
in diameter. Cephalis with one delicate horn and several small bristles.
Pl. IV, fig. 2.

This species found by EHRENBERG in the abysmal depths of the Caribbean sea and by the Challenger
Expedition in the abysmal depths between Ascension and Sicrra Leone was found in the haul the 29--30 VII.
Lat. N. 78° 13’. Long. W. 2° 58’. — 2,600—0 mm.

Sethophormis sp.

A fragment of a species resembling S. rotula H&L. was found in the haul 29—30 VI]. Lat. N. 78° 13’.
Long. W. 2° 58’. — 2,600—0 m.

Stichopilium davisianum (Ens.). — Pl. IV, fig. 6.

Several specimens in the deep-sea hauls 29—30 VII. Lat. N. 78°13’. Long. W. 2° 58’. — 2,600--0 m.
and 1 IX. Lat. N. 75°50’. Long. E. 15° 25’. — 325—0 m.

Habitat: Greenland, abysmal.

Theocalyptra cornuta Batt.

Length of cephalis 0,02, of thorax 0,08, of abdomen 0,01 mm. Diameter of the opening 0,144 mm. Diam.
of the largest pores 0,014 mm.

Deep-sea hauls:

29—30 VII. Lat. N. 78°13’. Long. W. 2°58’. Depth 2,600—0 m._ Fy. r.
27 VIII. >» » 79° 58’. » EE. 9° 385’. > 400-—0 » > 7
1 IX » » 75°50. > » 15° 25’. » 325—0 » > oP

Habitat: Kamtschatka (BAIL.), Greenland (EHB.).

Theocorys borealis Cr. N. sp. — Cephalis hemisperical, with a short triangular
horn and large, irregular, rounded pores. ‘Thorax pear-shaped, with regular, circular
K. Sv. Vet. Akad. Handl. Band 32. N:r 3. 5

34 P. T. CLEVE. PLANKTON COLLECTED BY THE SWEDISH EXPEDITION TO SPITZBERGEN.

pores, as broad as the bars, quincuncially arranged (4 in 0,01 mm.). Abdomen short,
narrower than the thorax, with some few, irregular and scattered pores. Mouth some-
what constricted, sometimes with a hyaline peristome.

Length of cephalis 0,015 mm., of thorax 0,03 mm., of abdomen 0,01 to 0,015 mm. Breadth of thorax
0,04 mm. Diameter of the mouth 0,027 mm.

Pl. II, fig. 5.

Resembles Sethocorys odysseus HKL. as to the shape and arrangement of the pores.

Deep-sea hauls:

Date.

Lat. N. Long.

Depth.

Fq.

Pl.

27 VHT | 79°58’ | 9°35’ E.
75° 50’ | 15° 25’ E.

1 IX

= vil| 78°13’ | 2°58" w. | 2,
|
|

Trochodiscus echinidiscus Hk.

Diam. of the shell 0,38 mm., of the pores 0,005 to 0,01 mm. Length of spines about a third of the radius.

400—0 »
325—0 >

600 —0 m.

Pl. IV, fig. 4.

One specimen in the deep-sea haul 29—30 VII. Lat. N. 78°13’. Long. W. 2°58’. — 2,600—0 m.
Habitat: Farée Channel (HEL.).

Y.helioides Cx. N. sp. — Shell 0,24 mm. in diameter, with rounded pores (0,005

to 0,007 mm. in diameter), twice as broad as the bars. Margin with numerous, about 20,
spines, as long as the diameter.

Pl. IV, fig. 5.

Haul 27 VIT. Lat. N. 78°58’. Long. E. 9° 35". — 400—0 m.
Rhizopoda.
Globigerina bulloides p’Ors.
Surface:
Date. { Lat. N.} Long. | Temp. Sal. Fq. Pl.
29 VIII | 77°38’ | 11°40’ B.| 6 34,89 r TS
30 VITL | 77° 8 3°E.| 5,65 35,03 * (8)
30 VIL) 76°45’ | 8°45’ B.| 5,34 | 34,92 r Ss
31 VIL} 76°27 | 10°43’ B.| 5,35 35,03 r 8
81 VIII) 76°12’ | 12°18'E.| 626 | 35,15 | » s
1IX | 762’ |18 8B! 661 | 3513 | » ST
21X 75° 50’ | 15°32’ E.| 5,52 35,01 r ST
BIx | 7449") 16°42'E.) 724 | 3517 | » | 7(s)
4 1X 72° 43' | 18°43’ E.| 88 35,01 r Tp Ns
SIX | 71°67 | 19°R. | 908 | 3496 | » | tows)
5 IX 71° 14’ | 19°38’ E.| 9,40 34,92 , Tp Ns
6IX | 70°23 [20°80 B.| 987 | 3441 | » | tps

KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 32. w:o 3.

Chlorophyllacex.
Halosphera viridis Scumirz.
Surface:
Date. | Lat. N. Long. Tenp. Sal. Fq. Pl.

a7v | 5750'| 6 E. | 870 | 3369 | + | TpNs
30 Vv | 68°18’ | 5°45'B.| 817 | 3453 | + | TpNs

4 1X | 72°43’ | 18°43’B.| 88 35,01 c Tp Ns
4 IX | 72°29’ | 18°48’ E.| 8,87 35,04 + Tp Ns
5 1X | 71°57’ 19° E. 9,08 34,96 c Tp (Ns)
5 1X | 71°14’ | 19°38’ E.] 9,40 34,92 + Tp Ns

6 1x | 70°28 | 20°39 B.| 9,37 | 3441 | or | TpNs

Flagellata.
Dinobryum pellucidum LevANDER.
Surface:
Date. | Lat. N. Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pi.

26 vin | 77°39 | 1°18'B.| 5,07] 32,22
28 vil | 77°52 | 8 5'w. 3,63| 34,38
15 VIIL| 77°48’ | 32°53'B.| 1,55| 38,20 |
15 vir | 78°38’ | 34°30'E.| 1,52} 3821 | + c
16 vill | 78°27’ |3%30'E.| 1,52] 338,46 | +

18 vit) 79°55’ | 32°10’ B.|—0,58| 33821 | + | Ny(e)
20 VIIT| 80°45’ | 26°40'E.} 0,13] 32,20 | x Ng
21 VIIT| 80°31’ | 18°50'E.| 242] 3893 | + | NgT

=

|

24 VIII; 80° 8’ | 16°32’ E. 8,44| 33,59 + Ng
25 VIIL| 79°53! | 11° 22’ E. 2,77) 33,75 r CS Ng
27 VIII | 79°58’ | 9°35’ EB. 4,58| 34,53 r T

Pheocystis Pouchetii Lacrru.

Surface:
Date. | Lat. N. Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pl.
11 VI 73 3! | 23°28) E.| 5,15 35,37 ¢ Cc
12 VI 73° 40° | 22°40’ E.| 2,40 35,05 ce Cc

|} 20 vr | 74°53’ |20°17'B.| 0,16 | 84,76 | +
a1 vi | 76°27 |295°55'E.| 0,24 | 33,68 | +
99 ,v1 | 76°45'| 26°E. | 0,80 | 3407 | + (Cc)
95 vi | 76°34’ |17°24'E.| 0,60 | 33,80 | +

28 VII | 77°52’ | B FW.) 3,63 34,38 ¢ C
21 VIIT| 80°31’ |18°50'E.| 2,42 | 33,93 + Ng T
Q7 VIII | 79°58’ | 9°35’ E.| 4,58 84,53 4 T

C. lineatum Exp. (= C. furca

This form cannot be considered

as

contrary to be confined to the east Atlantic.

v. baltica Morstus).

a mere variety of C. furca, and is always easy to recognize. It
belongs to the styliplankton of the warmer Atlantic, both in the East and the West. C. furca

36 =P. T. CLEVE. PLANKTON, COLLECTED BY THE SWEDISH EXPEDITION TO SPITZBERGEN.
Dinoflagellate.
Ceratium furea Dus
Surface:
: 1

Date. | Lat. N.| Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pi. Date. | Lat. N. Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pl ;

| |

| 27.V | 57°50" CE. 8,70 33,69 + TpNs | 31V : 6347" YIO'E.| 9,01 54,67 r Ns Tp
28 V | o8 14’ | 4 40°F. | 8,8 31,83 + Ns Tp 1 VI | 66°42’ , lu 30°E.; 8,53 34,69 ¢ | TTp Ns-
29 V | 60°13’ | 424’ EB. | 8,35 33,32 + Ns Tp 2 VI | 68°30’ | 13°10'E.) 7,55 34,33 + | Ns¢ |
30 V | 62°41’ BB! TAT 33,12 r Ns Tp 2 VI | 68°49’ | 13°50'E.| 7,70 34,16 | + ! Ns .
30 V | 63°13’ | 6°15’ E. | 8,17 34,53 + Tp Ns 4 1X | 7243 /18°43°E.| 8,8 35,01 | ¢ | Tp Ns |
30 V | 63°52'| @ SEL; 8 34,53 e Tp Ns 5 IX, 71°57’ | 19°F. 9,08 34,96 | r Tp (Ns) |
31 V | 65°19’ | 8 20'E. | 48,35 35,34 r — SIX | 71s’ | 19°38’ EL} 9,40 d4,92 e | Tp Ns |
31 V | 65°34’ | &45’E. | 883 35,00 + Ns T 6 IX | 70°23’ | 20°82’ EL] Oya7 34,41 co. TyNs

C. fusus Duy.
Surface:
Date. | Lat. N. Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. PL. Date. | Tat. N. |; Long. Temp Sal. Fq. | Pi.
i

27 V : 57°50’ 6 E. 8,70 33,69 + Tp Ns | 31V 6547 | Y10'E.: 9,01 34,67 r Ns Tp
28 V ae id’ | £40’ EL | 8a 31,83 1 | Ns Tp 2 VI 68°49' | 13°50'E.| 7,70 34,16 + CNs
28 V | 5841’ | BLE. | 8,30 33,04 r Ns Tp IX 73°36’ | 18°50’ E.| 7,06 35,03 r | 8 (Ns)
29 V | 60°13 | P24’ E. | 8,35 33,32 r Ns Tp 4X | 72°43’ | 18°43'E.] 88 35,01 ? Tp Ns
30 V | 62 41’ BE. 7,47 33,12 r Ns Tp 5 IX | 71°14 | 19°38’ E. | 9,40 d4,92 + | TpNs
30 V | 65°13’ | 5°15’ E. | 8,17 34,53 + Tp Ns 6 IX | 70 23’ | 20°32’ E.| 9,37 34,41 r | ToNs
31 V | 65°34’ | 8 45'E. | 8,83 35,00 Ns T

seems on the

Surface: 5 IX. Lat. N. 71°50’. Long. B. 19°2'. Fg. rr.
C. tripos Nrrzscu.
Surface:

| Date. | Lat. N.| Long. | Temp.| Sal. Fq. PL. Date. | Lat. N. | Long. Temp. | Sal. Fq. Pi.
, 27v | 5750" | GE. | 870 | 38,69 | + | mvs | 31V : 634! sdoe.| 883} 35,00! + | wer
sv | Rd | 4B. 88 | 8183 | ¢ | Net |] B1V 1 esr | FIO) 9,01 | B4er | + | NeTp
es | avd | P3"E.| 830 3304] © | vst» | 1 vi) 6642 |1030R| 853 | 3teo | « eres
2 BON | 60°13’ | 424 E. | 8,35 33,32 c Ns Tp AIX 7243" | 18 43'E.| 88 35,01 + Tp Ns
| 29V | 61°40 | P20'E. | 7,05 | 3347 | + | Ne Tp £IX 7229 [1848 E.] 8x7 | B54 | + | Tp Ns
| 30 : | cole ae ae oe c Ns Tp BIX! 7157 | 19°R, 9,08 | 34,96 + | Tp (Ns)
Pec temye ee poet 2a] gsi mains) eeu) 2 a

| a'E. 5B: p Ns 6 IX | 70°23 | 20°32’ E.| 9,37 | S441 | + Tp Ns
; 31 Vv | 619; 820'E. | 835 | g5a4 | 4 ?

KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. RAND 32. w:o 3. 37

C. tripos var. arctica Exp. — I do not, as Dr. Aurtvituius, include under this name
also the var. longipes, which | find always easy to distinguish from the original form,
figured in the Microgeologie and by Cravarbpr and Lacamann. The var. arctica occurs
frequently, sometimes in immense number, in the Labrador current, in Davis strait
and around Spitzbergen (optimum salinity 34 p. m.). It belongs thus to the tricho-
plankton chiefly, but occurs also in the sira-plankton. The var. longipes, on the con-
trary, is a more neritic form, which occurs in the spring along the whole Norwegian
coast-line, around Scotland and in Skagerak. It belongs to the northern neritic plankton.

Surface:

Date. | Lat. N. | Long. Temp. Sal, Fq. Pil. Date. | Lat. N. | Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pi.
10 VI 71°10! | 21°31’ E. 6,71 | 35,20 r cs 20 VIII} 81°8' | 23°35'E.) 0,71 52,84 r Ng
10 VI 71° 42" | 22°35’ E. 6,40 | 35,15 r TCS |} 21 VIN} 80°31’ | 18°50’) 2,42 33,93 c Ng T
26 VIL | 78°13’ | 7°30'E. 5,34 | 34,89 r _ 24 VIII} 80°8’ | 16°382’E| 3,44 33,59 r Ng
26 VIL | 77°53’ | 5°3'E. 4,78 | 34,57 . ((C)) | 25 VUL| 79°53’ | 11°22’ EB) 2,77 33,75 r C(S8) Ng
80 VIE | 78°12’ | 0°17' W. 4,59 | 34,53 + (C) 29 VIIL| 77°38’ |11°40'E) 6 34,89 r ST

1 VII | 76°36’ | 12°8'E. 7,38 | 35,12 + ST 29 VIII | 77°23’ | 10°53’ E| 5,55 35,03 r ST

3 VIIL| 77°46’ | 26°18’ E. 1,23 | 30,98 c (C Ng) | 31 VIIT | 76°12’ | 12°18’ £) 6,26 35,15 r S

4 VIII} 78°18’ | 28°E. 2,12 | 33,01 ? Ng C 11x 76°2' 113° 8’ E) 6,61 35,13 r ST
15 VII1 | 78°38’ | 34°30’ E. 1,52 | 33,21 + C 2 1X 75° 50’ | 15°32’ EB) 5,52 35,01 , ST
16 VIIL| 78°27’ | 82°30’ E. 1,52; 33,46 + Ng C 2 1X 78° 24 | 16°47' FE.) 5,64 35,12 r L (8)
18 VII]; 79°55’ | 32°10’ FE.) —0,58 | 33,21 + Ng C 3 1X 74 42’ | 16°42’ EB) 7,24 35,17 + T (8)
20 VIIL| 81°14’ | 22°50’ E. 1,18 | 33,42 , Tr 41X 73° 36’ | 18°50'E.| 7,06 35,08 c 8 (Ns)
20 VIII| 80°45’ | 26°40’ E. 0,13 | 82,20 r (Ny)

C. tripos var. bucephala Cr.

Surface:

Date. | Lat. N. | Long. Temp. Sal, Fq. Pi.

a7v | 57°50'| 6B. | 8,70 | 3869 | r | TpNs
51x | 71°57 | 19°B | 908 | 3496 | 2» | Tp(Ns)

C. tripos var. horrida Cx.
Surface:

Date. | Lat. N. | Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pi.

31 V 65°19’ | 8°20'E.) 8,35 35,34 co —

81 V | 65°34’ | 845’) 883 7 35,00 + NsT
2VI | 68°30 |13°10'E) 7,55 34,33 c Ns
2 VI | 68°49’ |13°50'E.| 7,70 34,16 c C Ns

10 VI | 71°10’ | 21°31’ EB) 6,71 35,20 r cs
6 IX | 70°23’ | 20°32'E.| 9,37 34,41 c Tp Ns

38

p. T. CLEVE. PLANKTON, COLLECTED BY THE SWEDISH EXPEDITION TO SPITZBERGEN.

C. tripos var. longipes Batt.

Surface:
Date. Lat. N. | Long. Temp. Sal. Fg. Ph Date. | Lat. N. ; Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pi.
27 5750 | CE. 8,70 33,69 ce Tp Ns | 10 VI 71° 42’ | 22°35’ E.| 6,40 35,15 * TCS
28V 5814’ | 440'E) 8,8 31,83 co | NsTp | 15 VIIL| 77°48! | 32°53’ E| 1,55 33,20 r (C)
28 V 58°41’ | 434 E! 830 33,04 | cc | Ns Tp | 20 VIII] 8i°id’ | 22°50’ BE) 1,18 33,42 r T
2H 60°13" | 424’ E) 8,35 33,32 c Ns Tp | 20 VII} 81°8’ | 23°35’ E.| 0,71 32,84 r Ng
20 V 6140’ | £21'E. 7,05 38,47 ce NV. Tp | 31 VU] 76°12’ | 12°18’ E| 6,26 35,15 , S
30 V 62°41’ | BE. 747 33,12 co | Ns Tp | 11X 76°2' (18 SE] 6,61 35,18 r ST
30 V 63°13’ | 515'E.) 8,17 34,58 ec Tp Ns | 21X 7350’ | 15°32’ E.| 5,52 35,01 r ST
30 V 63°52' | 6 5'E. 8 34,53 ce Tp Ns | 31X TH 42’ |16°42' EB} 7,24 35,17 + T (8)
B31 V 65° 34’ | 8°45'E.) 8,83 35,00 ce Ns T 41X 73° 36’ | 18°50'E.) 7,06 35,03 c & (Ns)
31 V 65°47" | 910'E.| 9,01 34,67 c Nsip | LIX 72 43' | 18°43 FE} 8,8 35,01 c Tp Ns
1 VI | 66°42’ | 10°30'E.! 8,53 34,69 c | TTp Ns} 41X 72°29’ (18°48 EE) 8,87 35,04 ¢ Tp Ns
2VI | 68°30’ |13°10'E| 7,55 34,33 ¢ Ns C 5 IX 7P57 | 19°F. 9,08 34,96 c Tp (Ns)
2 VI | 68°49’ | 13°50’ E.) 7,70 34,16 c CNs 5 1X 71°14’ |: 19°38’ E.) 9,40 34,92 ce | Tp(Ns)
1O VI | 71°10’ | 21°31’ BE} 6,71 35,20 7 cs 6 IX 70° 23’ | 20°32’ EE. 9,37 34,41 c Tp (Ns) |
C. tripos var. macroceros Exp.
Surface:
Date. | Lat. N. | Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pi.
27V 57°50’ | 6° E. 8,70 33,69 c Tp Ns
28 V Bet’ £40 EF.) 8,8 31,88 1 Ns Tp
28 .V 58°41’ | 4°34’ EF.) 8,30 33,04 + Ns Tp
29 V 60°13" | 424° EB) 8,35 83,32 + Ns Tp
29 V 61°40’ | 4°20'E) 7,05 | 8347 | » | Ns Tp
30 V 63°13" | B15’ EB.) 817 34,53 r Tp Ns
30 V 63°52’ | 6 5'E] 8 34,58 r Tp Ns
31 V 65°47’ | 9°10'B.) 9,01 | 34,67 r Ns Tp
29 VIII] 7°38’ |1140'B] 6 | Bts9 | oo | rs
41x | 72 43’ | 18°43’ E.| 88 | 33,01 c Tp Ns
41x 72° 29' | 18°48’ EB.) 8,87 35,04 c Tp Ns
5 1X 71 57 | 19° E. 9,08 34,96 ccc | Tp (Ns)
SIX | 71°14 | 19°38’ EB.) 9,40 34,92 ¢ Tp Ns
BIX | 7u' 23’ | 20°32’ EB. 9,37 34,41 c Tp Ns
Dinophysis acuta Eun.
Surface: :
Date. | Lat. N. | Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pl.
28 V 58°14’ | 4°40'E) 8,8 381,83 r Ns Tp
29 60°13" | 424 EB) 835 33,32 r Ns Tp
80 V 62°41" | 5° RB. TAT 33,12 ° Ns Tp
30 V 63°52") 6 5B 8 34,53 r Tp Ns
25 VTL) 79°53’ |11°22'R) 2,77 33,75 r |€(S8)Ng
6 IX 70° 23’ | 20°82’ EB! 9,37 34,41 or Tp Ns

KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 32. n:o 3. 39

D. granulata Cr. — Under this name I distinguish a very small form (PI. IV, fig. 7)
remarkable for its coarse structure. It seems to belong to the arctic neritic plankton.

Surface:

Date. | Lat. N. | Long. | 'lemp. Sal. Fq. Pl.

26 VIE | 77°53'| 5°3'R. | 478] 34,57 | > ((€))
30 VIL | 78712 |o°17’w.| 4,59 | 34,53 | + (¢)
19 vitt | 80°27’ | 30°15'E.| —0,90 | 32,03 | r Ng
20 vit | 80°45’ |26°40'E| 0,13 | 82,20 | > Ng
21 vit] 803i’ |1s°s0"w| 242 | 33,93 |» Ny

D. rotundata. In several gatherings were found specimens, which could be consi-
dered as D. rotundata, but as I believe that several different forms have been con-
founded under this name, I leave them out.

Diplopsalis lenticula Brreu.
Deep-sea haul: 27 VII. Lat. N. 79°58’. Long. BE. 9° 35’. — 400—0 m. Rare.

Gonyaulax spinifera Crap. & Lacum.
Haul: 5 IX. Lat. N. 71°50’. Long. E. 19° 2’. — 25—o m. Rare.

Gymnaster pentasterias (Exp.).
Haul: 27 VIII. Lat. N. 79°58’. Long. E. 9° 35’. — 400—0 in. Rare.

Peridinium depressum (BarL.). — This form ought to be considered as a distinct
species and not as a mere variety of P. divergens. The latter belongs to the tropical
and temperate Atlantic (desmo-, styli- and triposplankton), the former to the northern
and western Atlantic (tricho-, tripos- and northern neritic plankton).

Surface:
Date. | Lat. N.| Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pi. Date. | Lat. N. | Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pl
27 V 57°50’ | 6° E. 8,70 83,69 c Tp Ns 1 VI 66° 42’ | 10'30'E.| 8,538 34,69 ce | T'Tp Ns
28 V 58°14’ | 4°40'E.| 88 31,83 + Ns Tp 2 VI 68° 30' | 13°10’ EB.) 7,55 34,33 + Ns C
29 Vv 60°13’ | 4°24' EB.) 8,35 53,32 r Ns Tp 2 VI 68° 49’ | 13°50’ E.| 7,70 34,16 r C Ns
80 V 62°41’ | BE. TA7 33,12 + Ns Tp 2 IX 75° 50’ | 15°82’ E., 5,52 35,01 + ST
30 V 63°13’ | 5°15’ E.| 8,14 34,53 + Tp Ns 4 IX 73° 36’ | 18°50’ E.| 7,06 35,03 + S (Ns)
30 V 63° 52’ | 6° 5'E.) 8,00 34,53 + Tp Ns 4 IX 72° 43' | 18°43’ E.) 8,80 85,01 r Tp Ns
31V 65°19’ | 8°20'E.| 8,35 35,34 + _ 6 IX 70° 23’ | 20°32’ E.| 9,37 34,41 + Tp Ns
31 V 65°47’ | 910'E.| 9,01 34,67 + Ns Tp
P. divergens Exp.
Surface:
Date. | Lat. N.| Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pl.
29 VIII) 77°38’ |11°40'E) 6 34,89 ° ST
4 1X 72° 43’ | 18°43’ E.| 8,8 35,01 c Tp Ns
5 IX 71°14’ | 19°38’ EB! 9,40 84,92 + Tp Ns |

40 Pp. T. CLEVE. PLANKTON, COLLECTED BY THE SWEDISH EXPEDITION TO SPITZBERGEN.
P. ovatum Powcuet.
Surface
Date. | Lat. N.{ Lovg. | Temp. | Sal. | Fq. | PL. |
| |
29) 61°40’ | 4°20'E.| 7,05 33,47 7 Ns Tp |
BOV | 63852 6 HE) 8 | 3h58 ) + Tp Ns
Biv | 68°34’ | S45’! 883 | 35,00 | > ae
B31V | 63°47 | 910'R| 9,01 | B47 | oe . Ns (Tp):
1vI | 66°42’ 10°30'E| 853 | 3469 | + | TIpNs
2vr | 68°30’ [18°10 R| 7,55 | 34388 | r | Nee |
AVI | 76°27 25°55 R! 0,24 | 38,68 | x ey
2L vi | 80°31’ [18°50 EB) 242 ° 83,93 | or Ng
29 VIL | 77°38’ |11°40' EB.) 6 R489 5 or TS |
31 VIII] 76°27’ | 10°43’ EL 5,35 85,08 r s |
11x | 76° [18 8B! 661 | 3513 1 ar |
Q IX | 75°50" | 15°32 FR. B52 | 85,01 | or sr |
41X | 72°48) '1843'E. 88 | 35,01 r Tp Ns
P. pellucidum Bercu.
Surface:
Date. | Lat. N. | Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pi. Date. | Lat. N. | Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pi.
Q1 VI | 76°27’ |25°55'E.| 0,24 | 33,68 | + (ec) | is vut| 79°55’ | 32°10'R.| —O58 | 33,21 | + . Aye
vi | 76°34’ [172 BE) 06 33,80 | + — | 19 vit] 80°27 )30°15'E.| —0,90 | 82,03 | + Ng
'26VI | 76°46" 15°22} 0,95 | B404 | > — | 20 VHT, 81°14 }2a50'R| 118) 38,42 | > T
26 VIT | 7813'| 730°E| 534 8489 | + — | 20 VIIT} 80°45’ |26°40'E| 0,13 | 32,20 | + | (Ng)
26 Vl , 7763'| 8 SE] 478 | 3457} + | coy | 20vur| si°s’ jo338'B| 071] 32,84 | (Ng)
30 VII, 78°12’ | O'17'w.| 4,59 | 84,53 | (c) | 21 VIII] 80°31’ }18°50’R| 92,49 | 88,98 | c | Nyt
3 VIII! 77°38 (283°35'E) 38,94 | 3445 | > (C) | 25 VIN] 79°53’ (11°22 BE} «77 | 83,75 | + | CCS) Ny
3 VIL | 77°46’ | 26°18'E.| 1,23 | 30,98 | + | C(Ny) | 29. VNIT| 7728’ | 10°53 EB) 5,55 | 35,08 |e TS
4 VIII| 78°18 | 288. | 212 | 3801 | ¢ NgC | 31 VILL] 76°27 |10°43’R.| 5,35} 35,03 | co s
16 VIII | 78°27' |32°80°E., 1,52 | 3846 | + | Nyc | 11x | 762 [18° 8H] 661] 3513 | ST
Phalacroma operculoides Scuirr.
Surface:
| Date. | Lat. N. | Long. | Temp. Sal. Fq. Pl. |
29 vit | 77°38’ | 11°40’ EB) 6 34,89 | 9 TS |
| 29 VIIT) 77°28’ | 10°58’ E.| 5,55 | 35,03 | > TS |
| 81 Vent! 76°27’ | 10°43’ B| 5,35 | 35,03 c S|
Diatomacesx.
Asteromphalus atlantiens Cx.
Deep-sea haul: 29—30 VII. Lat. N. 78°13. Long. W. 2/58" Depth. 500—0 m. Faq. rr.

K.

Sv. Vet. Akad. Handl.

Band 32. N:o 3.

KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND. 32. wn:o 3. 41
Chetoceros atlanticus Cu.
Surface:
Date. | Lat. N. | Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pil.
2 VI 68° 30’ | 18°10’ B.| 7,55 34,338 r Ns 8
12 v1 | 73°40' |22°40'B| 240 | 35,05 | > ¢
15 Vil | 78°38’ | 34°30’ EB.) 1,52 33,21 , C
27 VIIL| 79°58’ | 9°35’ E.| 4,58 34,53 or T
29 VIII! 77°38 |11°40'E.| 6 34,89 . ST
29 VIII] 77°28’ |10°53'B.| 5,55 | 35,03 | or ST
30 VIII | 76°45’ | 845’'R| 5,34 34,92 rr S
11X 76°2' |18? 8’ E.| 6,61 35,18 . ST
31x | 74°49 | 16°42'B| 7,24 | 35,17 | + | ris)
C. borealis Brw.
Surface:
Date. | Lat. N. | Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pi.
30 V 63°13’ | 5°15’ EB.) 8,17 34,58 r Tp Ns
10 VI 71°10! |} 21°31’E.| 6,71 35,20 + cs
12 VI 73° 4’ | 22°40' FE. = 2,40 35,05 , c
23 Vi 77 15’ | 27°10’ E.: 0,97 33,15 r (C)
3 VII] 77°46’ |26°18'E.| 1,23 | 30,98 | + ()
15 VIII | 77’ 48’ | 32°53’ B.| 1,55 33,20 , (C)
15 VIII | 78°38’ | 34°30' EB.) 1,52 33,21 c C
20 VIIT| 81°14’ | 22°50'E.| 1,18 33,42 c T
20 VIII | 81°8' | 23°35’E.| 0,71 32,84 + Ng
| 21 VIIT| 80°31’ |18°50'R) 242 | 33,93 | + | Ny
25 Vil! 79°53’ 111929 BE) 277 | 33,75 |» | e(8) Ny
27 VIII) 79°58’ | 9°35’ EB.) 4,58 34,53 . T
11x | 762 |18 8'w) 661 | 3513 | > ST
21X 75° 24’ | 16°47' EF.) 5,64 35,12 r T (8)
4 1X 73° 36’ |18°50' E.| 7,06 35,03 + S (Ns)
C. borealis var. Brightwellii CL.
Surface:
Date. | Lat. N. Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pl. Date. | Lat. N.| Long. Temp Sal. Fq. Pl.
2V1 68° 30’ | 18°10' E.| 7,55 34,33 rr Ns C 1 IX 76°2' (18 SE) 6.61 35,13 + ST
;tovr | 71°42 |22°85'E.| 640 | 35,15 ros | 21x | 78°94 |16°47'E| 564 | 35,12 | + T (8)
20 VIIT| 81°14’ | 22°50’E.| 1,18 33,42 ¢ r 3 IX 74° 42’ | 16°42’ EB.) 7,24 35,17 c T'(S)
24 viII| 80°8’ | 16°32’ B.| 3,44 | 3359 | Ng | 41x | 73°36 |18°50'E.| 7,06 | 35,03 | » | S(Ns)
97 vit | 79°58’ | 9°85’ RB 4,58 | 8453 | + T 4 1X | 72°48’ |18°43'B| 88 35,01 | + | TpNs
31 VIIT| 76°12’ |12°18 FE) 6,26 35,15 Ss

42 Pp. T. CLEVE. PLANKTON, COLLECTED BY THE SWEDISH EXPEDITION TO SPITZBERGEN.

C. borealis var. solitaria Cu.

Surface:
|
Date. | Lat. N. | Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pl.
9vI | 70°54 /20°48'E| 715 | 34,83 | + cs
10 VI 71° 42’ | 22°35'E| 6,40 35,15 + TCS
29 VILL | 77° 23’ | 10°53’ BE} 5,55 35,03 + ST
30 VIIT| 76°45’ | 843’ BE) 5,34 | 34,92 c s
B1 VIII 76°27 | 10°43 E535. 35,08 | + 8
21x | 75°24’ |16°47"E| 5,64 | 35,12 T(S)
C. contortus ScstTr.
Deép-sea haul: 27 VIII. Lat. N. 79°58’. Long E. 9° 35’. Depth 400-0 m. Fq. *.
5 IX. » » 71°50’. > » 18° 2’, > 20—0 » > oP
C. criophilus Castr.
Surface:
Date. | Lat. N. | Long. | Temp. Sal. Fq. Pl. Date. j Lat. N. | Long. Temp. Sal. | Fq. Pi.
2 VI 68° 30' | 13°10'E| 7,55 34,33 ” NsC | 27 VIIT} 79°58’ | 9°35’) 4,58 34,53 c T
2VI 68° 49’ | 13°50’ E.| 7,70 34,16 c CNs | 29 VIII] 77°38 |11°40'E) 6 34,89 + ST
9 V1 70° 54’ | 20°43 EB} 7,15 34,83 + cs 29 VII! 77°23’ | 10°53’ E.| 5,55 35,03 ¢ ST
10 VI 71°10’ | 21°31’ EF.) 6,71 35,20 r cs 31 VIII | 76°12’ | 12°18’) 6,26 35,15 + 8
10 VI 71° 42’ | 22°35’ E.| 6,40 35,15 e TCS 11X 762’ |18 BE) 6,61 85,13 c ST
20 VIII | 81°14’ |} 22°50’ EE} 1,18 33,42 c T 2 1X 75° 24’ | 16°47’ EB. 5,64 35,12 ¢ T (8)
20 VIII) 81°8' | 23°35’ E.} 0,71 82,84 + Ng 3 IX 74 42" | 16°42’ RB.) 7,24 35,17 + T(S)
24 VIII} 80°8' |16°32’E., 3,44 33,59 r Ng 41X {| 73°36’ |18°50’E! 7,06 35,03 r S (Ns)
25 VOL} 79°53 | 11°22’ EB} 2,77 33,75 r | C(S)Ng
C. debilis Cx.
Haul: 27 VII. Lat. N. 79°58’. Long E. 9° 35’. Depth 400—0 m. Fq. 7
C. decipiens Ct.
Surface:
Date. | Lat. N. | Long. Temp. Sal. Fp. Pil. Date. | Lat. N.| Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pi.
2V1 68° 30’ | 13°10’ E.| 7,55 34,38 + NsC | 30 VII | 78°12’ | 017 Ww. 4,59 | 34,58 + (C)
2VI | 6849’ |18°50'B| 7,70 | 3416 | © | cue | Sv! 773" |as85B) 3894] a445 |p (C)
OVI | 70°54 20°45'B, 7,15 | 3483) ¢ | cs | Sv, 7746 |2618'R| 1,23! 3098 | « | ong
10 VI 71°10’ | 21°31’ E., 6,71 35,20 + cs 4 VIIL| 78°18’ | 28°R. 2,12 | 33,01 , Ng C
1OVI | 71°42 |22°85'B) 640 | 35,15 | ¢ | ers | 15 VET} 77°48" |32'59'E| 1551 38,20 | + (¢)
LVI | 72°10" |21°46'B) 558 | 85,25 | + | (er) | 15 vIIT) 78°88" |3e30'R) 1,52} 38,01 | ec C
IVI | 73°83’ | 23°28 EB) 515 | 35,37 c C 16 VIIT | 78°27' | 32°30'E., 1,52 | 38,46 r Ng ¢
12VE | THA |240E) B40 | 95,05 | ce | e | 18 VEIT} TOO |aRr10'R| —ose | aan | © | nye
93 v1 | 77 18 ar10 BE} 097 | 3815 | + (Cc) | 25 vill} 79°53" | 11°22’! «77 | 93,75 | 4+ | e(sy Ng
26 VII wr 6°] 5 FEI 478 | Bher | + (c) |arvim| 7958'| vase} 45s| sass | + 2
QBvi | 775% F5'w. 363 | 3498) + c 4IX 72°48’ | 1848'R} 88 | 85,01 | + | Tp Ne

KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 32. w:o 3. 43

C. diadema (Euns.).

Surface:
Date. | Lat. N. | Long. | Temp. Sal. Fq. Pl.
28 VIL | 77°52’ | BS wW.] 3,63 34,38 r CNg
20 VIIL| 81°14’ | 22°50'E} = 1,18 33,42 T

T
25 vit | 79°53’ | 11°92’ B.| 2,77 | 33,75 | + |e(s)Ny
27 VIIL| 79°58 | 9°35’ B| 4,58 | 34,53 T
29 vil | 77°38’ |11°40'B.| 6 34,89 TS
LIX | 76°2’ [18° 8B} 6,61 35,13 r TS

+. 0°

C. fureellatus Batt.

Surface:

Date. | Lat. N. | Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pl.

12 vi | 73°40’ |22°40'E.| 2,40 | 35,05 | + | (Ny)
26vi_ | 76°46’ | 15°22’B) 0,95 | 8404 | 2 =
28 vil | 77°52 | 3°5’w.| 3,63 | 3438 | + | Ng
25 vilt| 79°53’ |11°22'EB| 277 | 33,75 | 4 | c(s)Ng

C. hiemalis Cr. — The C. didymus var. hiemalis Cu. (Phytoplakton of the Atlantic
21, Pl. I, fig. 18) cannot be considered as a mere variety of C. didymus. Perhaps iden-
tical with C. brevis Scutrr.

Surface: 1 IX. Lat. N. 76°2'. Long. E. 13° 8’. Temp. 6,61. Sal. 35,13. Fq. 7. PL SZ.

C. laciniosus Scutrr.
Deep-sea haul: 1 JX. Lat. N. 75°50’. Long. BE. 15° 25’. Depth. 325—0 m. Fo. r.

C. teres Cr.
Surface:

Date. | Lat. N.| Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pl.

12 vi | 73°40’ |22°40°E| 2,40 | 85.05 | x v
25 VILL] 79°53’ | 11°22) 2,77 | 33,75 | + | C(S) Ny
27 vill | 79°58 | 9°35'E, 4,58 | 34,58 |r Z
29 VII | 77°38’ | 11°40'E. 6 3489 | r | ST
C. volans Scutrr. — Having had an opportunity of examining original specimens

of C. volans I have been convinced of its identity with C. currens Cx., which latter name
must be abolishd.

44 Pp. T. CLEVE. PLANKTON, COLLECTED BY THE SWEDISH EXPEDITION TO SPITZBERGEN.

Surface:
Date. | Lat. N.| Long. | Temp. Sal. Fq. Pl.
]

gvr | 70°54’ 20°43 E.| 7,15 | 34,83 c Cs
31 VII 7714 | @34' EB! 5,35 34,77 ¢c Ss

1VnI| 76°36 12 8 E. 7,38 | 35,12 | + ST
29 VIIL| 77°38’ 11°40'E,, 6 34,89 rj FS
29 VIIT} 77°23’ |10°53’E.| 5,55 | 35,03 e | 78
30 VI} 77 8 FE, 565 | 9503 | ¢ | 8
30 VIIL! 76°45’ | 8°45’E. 5,34 | 84,92 | c | Ss
31 VII | 76°27’ |10°48’E.| 5,35 35,03 | ce s

21X 75° 24’ | 16°47’ E.| 5,64 35,12 + T (S)

Corethron hystrix Hensey. — This species is probably identical with C. crtophilum
Castr. from the Antarctic Ocean. According to a recent publication of Dr. LeupuGEr
Fortmorex * this species occurs West of Africa in the region of Cape Verde together with
Chetoceros scolopendra Cr. (=C. spinosum Lxup.). Both are found also by me in a
gathering (March 1898) from the same region. In March and April 1898 this species
was found, besides, in the region of the Canaries and from the Azores to the mouth of
the English Channel, in June and July around the Shetlands. In case CU. hystrix be
identical with C. criophilum this form goes thus, following the western coast of Africa,
from the Antarctic to the Arctic region. It has also (once in March 1898) been seen
North of the South American coast, but not in the intermediate region of the Sargasso Sea.
The Corethron hystriz, although in general of rare occurrence, is a species of considerable
interest and belongs evidently to the styliplankton. ~

Surface:

|
Date. | Lat. N. | Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pl.

|

|
29 VL 77 38 | 11°40° FE) 6 34,89 vr TS
Q9 VIL: 77°23’ | 10°53’ E.| 5,55 35,03 r TS
31 vit | 76°26 10°43’! 5,35 | 35,03 |r s
11X 76°2' (138° YE) 6,61 35,138 c ST
21x | 75°24 |\te47’B| 564 | 3512 |» T (8)
61x | 70°93’ |20°32'B} 9,37 | B441 |» | Tp Ns

Coscinodiscus oculus iridis Ens.
Surface:

Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pil. Date. | Lat. N. | Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pil.
| |
30 V | 63°13" | 5°15’ E. R17) Bd,538 " Tp Ns | 23VI 77 15’ | 2710'E.) 0,97 33,15 c eT

10 VJ ; 71°10’ | 21 31’ BE. 6,71 | 35,20 + Cs 3 VII) 77 46" 2618 EB. 1,23 30,98" + C (Ng)
12 VI | 78°40’ | 22°40" E240 , 85,05 r c 15 VIL} 78°38" | 34°30'E.| 1,52 32,21 r c

, BVI | 7725) 27 30' EK. —0,35 | 32,97 16 VIIL| 78°27 32°30'E.| 1,52 33,46 r CNg
| Q3VI | 7715’ | 27°10'E. 0,97 | 33,15 21X 73 50! | 15°32’ E.| 5,52 35,01 r TS

+ +
ae.

* Diatomées marines de la céte occidentale d’Afrique. S:t Brieux 1898. 4:0.

KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 32.

Leptocylindrus danicus Cx.
Surface:

Date. | Lat. N. | Long. | ‘Temp. Sal. Fq. Pl.

s0v | 63°18 | 5°15'B| 817 | 3453 | co | TpNs
20 vir} 81°14 |22°50'B| 118 | 3842 | + T
20 VIIT} 81° 8° |28°35'B! 0,71 | 38%84 | Ng
21 vit | 80°31’ |18°50’B.| 242 | 3393 | « | mgr
27 vir | 79°58 | 9°36’ | 458 | 3453 | + T

Rhizosolenia alata Brw.

Surface:
Date. | Lat. N.} Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. PL
30 VIII | 76°45' | 8°45’) 5,34 34,92 + S
41x 72 43’ | 18°43’ EB.) 88 35,01 r Tp Ns
5 1X 71°57 | 19°E. 9,08 34,96 r Tp (Ns) |

R(alata var.) gracillima Cx.

Surface:

Date. | Lat. N. | Long. | Temp. Sal. Fq. Pi.
ol VIL | 7714’ | 6°34’ ER) 5,35 34,77 c s
25 VIII | 79°53! 11°22’ EB.) 2,77 33,75 r | C(8) Ng
27 VIIL| 79°58’ | 9°35'E| 4,58 34,58 + T
30 VITI| 76°45’ | 8°45'E.) 5,34 34,92 c 8
31 VII | 76°27’ |10°43'R.| 5,35 35,03 , 8
31 VIII | 76°12’ | 12°18'E|) 6,26 35,15 + 8

4 1X 72 43' | 18°43’ E.| 8,8 35,01 , Tp Ns

5 IX 71°57 | 19° E. 9,08 34,96 | oc Tp (Ns)

R. hebetata Batu.

Surface:

Date. | Lat. N. | Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pi.

27 viii | 79°58’ | 9°86’) 4,58 | 3453 | » | TOs)

29 vit | 77°38 |11°40' EB! 6 34,89 | + TS
29 VIII} 77°23’ |10°53'E.| 5,55 | 35,03 |» TS
30 VIIL| 77° 8 SE] 5,65 | 35,03 | c 8
30 vil | 76°45’ | 9°45'EB.| 5,34 | 3492 | c 8
31 Vill! 76°27' |10°43'E| 5,35 | 35,03 | » 8
31 viit| 76°12" |12°18'E.| 6,26 | 3515 | x s

11x 76°2’ |18 SE} 6,61 35,13 + ST
2 IX 75° 24’ | 16°47 EB.) 5,64 35,12 + T (8)
3 IX 74° 42' | 16°42’ B.| 7,24 35,17 + T(S)
5 1X 71°57’ | 19° E. 9,08 34,96 r Tp (Ns)

46. T. CLEVE. PLANKTON, COLLECTED BY THE SWEDISH EXPEDITION TO SPITZBERGEN.

R. obtusa HENSEN.

Surface:
Date. | Lat. N. ! Long. Temp. Sal. Fg. Pi.
12 V1 73°40’ '22°40'E.) 2,40 35,05 r Cc
| 20 vin | S114’ 2250] 11s | 8342 | + T
20 VIIT| 81° 8 }23°35'E| 0,71 | 8284 | 4 Ng
21 VII 8°81’ | 18°50 BE) = 2,42 33,93 + NgT
29 VilT! 77°38’ }11°40'E| 6 34,89 ’ TS
29 VIII} 77°28’ |10°53'E.| 5,55 35,03 c TS
| 81 VIII) 76°12 |12°18' | 6,26 | 35,15 | + ej
: 11x | 762’ [18° SE] 661 | 8513 | x | ST |

R. semispina HENSEN.
Surface:

Date. | Lat. N. | Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pi.

B0V | 63°13’ | BSE.) 817 34,53 er Tp Ns
OVI | 70°54’ 20°43’ B.| 7,15 | 3483 |) + cs
10 VI 71°10’ | 21°31 EB) 6,71 35,20 + Cs
JOVI | 7142’ | 22°35'E.) 6,40 | 35,15 | ce TCS
20 vil] siid |2r50'B) 118 | 8342 | r
30VIT, 77 » & SE 565 | 3503 s

R. styliformis Brw.

Surface:
| Date. | Lat. N. | Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pil.
|
|
i27V 1 BPO |] OE 8,70 33,69 ra Tp Ns

i 30V 63.18’ | B15’ ES 817 3453 | rr | Tp Ns
| 27 VIL | 79°58’ | 9°35'E.| 4.58 34,53 r T (C)

'Q9 VIL 77°38 | 11°40’) 6 34,89 ) ST

"| 30 vim} 7645’ | S45 EB) 5,34 | 8492 | + 8
21X 75°50" | 15°39 E552 | 8501 | + NT
2X HM C47 B, 564 | Biz | or | PO

1
31k jw (164 HR Fal BBR |e | rs)
SIX 73°36" | 18°50'E| 7,06 35,08 |_|

’ SN)
Thalassiosira gravida CL.
Surface:
roe | |
Date. | Lat. N. | Long. Temp. Sal. Fg. Pi, Date. | Lat. N.° Long. | Temp. Sal. Fq. Pl.
,

i ! !

t
i

|
12V1 | 73 40’ | 22°40" E.! 0» 85,05 ” C(Ng) | 25 VILE! 79°53!
|

11°22 BE) 277, 38,75 | + 1e(s) Ng
© | 37 ay 79° 58’ | 9°30'B.| 4,58 | 3453 ¢ T (8)
Ng | 29 vi! 7738 /11°40'B| 6 34,89 5 or TS

24
' 20 VIL] 8114" 22°50'E., 1,18 | 33,42
° {
20 vit} sis learssB| ost |
21 VI) 80°81 | 18°50" K,) 242 | 33,98

KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 32. w:o 3. 47

T. Nordenskidldii Cx.

Surface:

Date. | Lat. N.| Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. PL.

| 95 VI | 76°34’ |17°24’E| 0,6 33,80 + ((€))
| 98 VIL | 7752 | BSE. 3,63 34,38 * C(Ng)

Thalassiothrix longissima CL. & Grun.

Surface:

Date. | Lat. N. | Long. Temp. Sal. Fq. Pl.
10 V1 71°10’ | 21°31 EB} 6,71 35,20 r cs
31 VITI) 76°12’ | 12°18’ BE) 6,26 35,15 a Ss

11X | 76°2’ /18° SE) 661 | 35,13 i + ST

3 1X 74 42' | 16°42’ E.| 7,24 35,17 aR T (S)

The scarcity in 1898 of this and the precedent species, in other years usually very
abundant in the Arctic Ocean and the Northern Atlantic, is really striking.

48

oP Py

DNS

Pp. T. CLEVE. PLANKTON, COLLECTED BY THE SWEDISH EXPEDITION TO SPITZBERGEN.

Fungella arctica CL.

Plate I

Tintinnus (?) calyptra CL.

Tintinnus minutus BRANDT .

Tintinnus (?) pellucidus CL. .. . :

Actinomma boreale CL. a Primordial shel
shell, d@ Structure of c

Artrostrobus annulatus BAIL. .

Aulacantha levissima H&L.

Beroetta melo CL.

1, 6 Secundary (Haliomma-)shell, ¢ Tertiary (Actinomma-)

Challengeron Nathorstii CL. a Entire shell, d Structure

Botryopyle setosa Cu.

a Shell, 4 Séptum

Pag.
22.
24,
24.
24,

26.
27.
27,
27.
28.
27.

Pl.

K. Vet. Akad. Handl. Bd 32, w 3.

K. Vet. Akad. Handl. Bd 32, . 3. Pl. JI

2
ry

e+
oe Sir,

=
=°

yt
Rok

La
*

a
Ge
="

yw
PHAR AOR ww

KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 32. w:o 3. 49

Plate IL.

Pag.
Dictyocephalus sp.? . ‘ 29.
Dictyophimus gracilipes BAIL. . 29.
Euphysetta Nathorstii CL... 2...) 2. ee : oe O98
Hexadoras borealis Cu. a@ Primordial shell, 2 and ¢ Outer shell in different state of development 30.
Lithomitra australis EHB.? . 30.
Form allied to the precedent . 30.
Lithomitra lineata EHB. . ae Ey seh Sg eel se Se: Yeh ay ae 30.
Peridium (?) intricatum CL. a and 4 The shell in different foci 31.
Peridium (?) laxum Ch. a and 6 The shell in different foci . 31.

K. Sv. Vet. Akad. Handl. Band 32. Nio 3.

50 Pp. T. CLEVE. PLANKTON, COLLECTED BY THE SWEDISH EXPEDITION TO SPITZBERGEN.

Plate UL

Pag.

Fig. 1. Peridium (?) minutum CL. and.c The same shell in different foci . ... . Bl.
> 2. Phorticium pylonium HKL. «a, 8, ¢ The shell in different state of development, r ‘The primordial

shell . 31.

> 8. Plectanium (?) simplex Ch. ay re Sim : iy BRAM Ringe da AGRA. og 32.

» 4. Polypetta holostoma CL. a “The shail, ) Structure... . : % 8 32.

os Gg: OSs

» 5. Theocorys borealis CL. .

Pl. Ill.
K. Vet. Akad. Handl. Bd 32, 3.

PI. IV.

3.

WM

Akad. Handl. Bd 32,

kk. Vet.

eee

KONGL. SV. VET, AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 32. w:o 3. 51

Pterocorys irregularis CL.
Sethoconus tabulatus (EHB.)
Sethoconus galea CL.
Trochodiscus echinidiscus HK.
Trochodiscus helioides OL.

Stichopilium davisianum (EHB.) .

Dinophysis granulata CL.

Plate IV.

Pag.
32.
BA.
34.
33.
39.

part
yon) i vt Natal

heated eat

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Nose
Watts i

4
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So vile fibveney ah

Lape 3
an Hivalie ati reraveabebatr tte stat
iPeLLaavimideT iota Lechisstaehdet ied tipstith
ahead

einai ace tales
raat cern pa ie Sil i
a
Taal letasahi

tit Teyate es (afer
euadtopeh theesaad vaste rity

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ISI} Pur OHMIC Tah et ioris oan ian nd Mbt AF e
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rabbits

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ta ea mith aan nes eae ;
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Nettie Pigs 4
Mie vi

Balto neerten