UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN MUSEUM CF ZOOLOGY Miscellaneous Publications No.5 Contributions to the Botany oi Michigan, II BY, -C. K. DODGE ANN ARBOR, MICITIGAN PUBLISHED BY THE UNIVERSITY JULY 13, 1918 QK 167.D64 e flowering plants, ‘aii i il Intorhbrary HHS HY Mk Loan State Co At Ce 4 GAYLORO PRINTEDINY. S.A. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN MUSEUM OF ZOOLOGY Miscellaneous Publications No. 5 Contributions to the Botany of Michigan, Il BY C. K. DODGE +f ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN PUBLISHED BY THE UNIVERSITY JULY 13, 1918 rnin, 300440 ADVERTISEMENT The publications of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, consist of two series—the Occasional Papers and the Miscellaneous Publica- tions. Both series were founded and are being supported by Dr. Bryant Walker, Mr. Bradshaw H. Swales and Dr. W. W. Newcomb, except that the cost of the illustrations and of distribution are borne by the University. The Occasional Papers, publication of which was begun in Tot 3, serve as a medium for the publication of brief original papers based principally upon the collections in the Museum. The papers are issued separately to libraries and specialists, and, when a sufficient number of pages have been printed to make a volume, a title page and table of contents are supplied to libraries and individuals on the mailing list for the entire series. The Miscellaneous Publications include papers on field and museum technique, monographic studies and other papers not within the scope of the Occasional Papers. The papers are published separately, and, as it is not intended that they shall be grouped into volumes, each number has a title page and table of contents. - ALEXANDER G. RUTHVEN, Director of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan. OBSERVATIONS ON THE FLOWERING PLANTS, FERNS AND _A FERN ALLIES GROWING WILD IN MARQUETTE COUNTY, MICHIGAN, IN 1916 AND 1917, ESPECIALLY IN THE VI- CINITY OF THE HURON MOUNTAIN CLUB By CuHartes Ktenet Dopck . _ Intropuctory Notre The manuscript of this paper was completed by Mr. Dodge shortly before his death. It represents the results of several field trips to Marquette County, the last in the spring of 1917, in the course of an investigation of the phanerogamic flora of the state upon which he had been engaged for the Michigan Geological and. Biological Survey. Two trips were made to the Huron Mountains, in the summer of 1916 and the early spring of 1917, and on the second trip Mr. Dodge was accompanied by Mr. B. Gladewitz. The mountains are specifically mentioned as a locality in the paper for the convenience of the summer residents, and a map of the part most carefully worked is appended. The paper has been edited for publication by Messrs. C. Billington and B- Gladewitz. ALEXANDER G. RUTHVEN. List oF SPECIES POLYPODIACEAE Polypodium vulgare Il, Common Polypody. —Rocky, usually, shaded ground, often protruding from cracks and crevices of rocks on Huron Moun- tain, a large granitic hill near Huron Mountain Club, and in rocky places throughout Marquette County. Often abundant. Phegopteris polypodioides Fée. (Dryopteris phegopteris 1, C. Chr.). Long Beech Fern.—Rich woods and shaded banks of small streams near Huron Mountain Club and throughout Marquette County. Plentiful. Phegopteris Dryopteris (L..) Fée. (Dryopteris dryopteris 1, Britton). Oak Fern.—Rich moist woods near Huron Mountain Club and throughout Marquette County. Often abundant. Adiantum pedatum L,. Maidenhair Fern —Rich shaded ground through- out. Plentiful along Salmon Trout River near Huron Mountain Club. Pteris aquilina L. (Pteridium aquilinum L., Kuhn). Common Brake.— Dry, sandy, open or partially shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. Often in swamps. : 4 C. K. Dopcr Asplenium Trichomanes L. Maidenhair Spleenwort.—Cracks and crev- ices of perpendicular rocks at Canyon Lake near Huron Mountain Club, and propably on shaded rocks throughout. Noted by B. Gladewitz. Asplenium acrostichoides Sw. (Athyrium thelypteroides Michx., Desv.). Silvery Spleenwort.—Rich shaded ground near Negaunee. Perhaps fre- quent throughout. Asplenium Filix-femina (L.) Bernh. (Athyrium filix-foemina L., Roth.). Lady Fern.—Rich open or shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Abundant throughout. Polystichum acrostichvides (Michx.) Schott. Christmas Fern.—Rich woods and shaded rocky ground about Sugar Loaf Mountain near Mar- quette. Very probably to be found throughout the county. Apparently in- frequent. Polystichum Braunii (Spenner) Fée. Braun’s Holly Fern.—Occasional throughout, but plentiful in rich shaded ground along Salmon Trout River near Huron Mountain Club. Aspidium Thelypteris (1..) Sw. (Dryopteris thelypteris L., A. Gray). Marsh Shield Fern—Marshy open or partially shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful and often abundant throughout. Aspidium noveboracense (L.) Sw. (Dryopteris noveboracensis L., A. Gray). New York Fern.—Rich woods about Sugar Loaf Mountain near Marquette. Apparently infrequent. Aspidium fragrans (L,.) Sw. (Dryopteris fragrans L,., Schott.). Fra- grant Shield Fern.—Rocky granitic hills about Huron Mountain Club. Ap- parently infrequent. Noted by Mrs. Wallace Radcliffe. Aspidium marginale (L.) Sw. (Dryopteris marginalis L., A. Gray). Evergreen Wood Fern.—Rich shaded ground throughout. Observed in particular as plentiful on wooded sides of Huron Mountain near Huron Mountain Club. Aspidium Boottt Tuckerm. (Dryopteris Boottti Tuckerm., Underw.). Boott’s Shield Fern.—Damp shaded ground near Negaunee. Apparently. infrequent. Aspidium cristatum (L.) Sw. (Dryopteris cristata L., A. Gray). Crest- ed Shield Fern—Damp open or partially shaded ground near Huron Moun- tain Club. Probably frequent throughout. Aspidium spinulosum (O. F. Miller) Sw. (Dryopteris spinulosa Muell., Kuntze.). Spinulose Shield Fern—In hardwoods near Huron Mountain Club. Common throughout. Aspidium spinulosum intermedium (Muhl.) D. C. Eaton. (Dryopteris intermedia Muhl., Gray). American Shield Fern.—Frequent in damp rich woods near Huron Mountain Club and throughout. Cystopteris bulbifera (L.) Bernh. (Filix bulbifera 1, Underw.). Bulb- let Cystopteris——Shaded rocky ravines about Marquette and Huron Moun- tain Club. Plentiful. Cystopteris fragilis (L.) Bernh. (Filix fragilis L., Underw.). Brittle Fern.—Rich woods and shaded rocks near Huron Mountain Club and about Marquette. Plentiful. A delicate little fern. : Prants of Marguerre County 5 Woodsia ilvensis (L.) R. Br. Rusty Woodsia—Cracks and crevices of rocks on Huron Mountain near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful: Woodsia obtusa (Spreng.) Torr. Blunt-lobed Woodsia.—In crecks and .crevices of rocks on Sugar Loaf Mountain near Marquette. Abundant. Probably to be found throughout. Onoclea sensibilis L. Sensitive Fern.—Damp open or partially shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. Onoclea Struthiopteris (L..) Hoffm. (Matteuccia Struthiopteris L,., Tod- -aro). Ostrich Fern—Near Huron Mountain Club in alluvial ground, along small streams and in damp rich partially shaded ground. Frequent through- out. A fine fern for cultivation. | OSIMUNDACEAE Osmunda regalis L. Royal Fern—Wet rich shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. Osmunda Claytoniana L. Clayton’s Fern, Interrupted Fern. — Damp rich open or partially shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. A large and beautiful fern. Frequent. Osmunda cinnamomea.L,. Cinnamon Fern—Open or partially shaded places near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. OPHIOGLOSSACEAE Botrychium virginianum (L.) Sw. Rattlesnake Fern, Virginia Grape Fern.—Rich shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent through- out. EQUISETACEAE Equisetum arvense L, Common Horsetail.—In damp, dry, sandy, open or shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Common throughout. Of- ten acting as an efficient sand binder. Equisetum sylvaticum J, Wood Horstetail—Damp shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Equisetum fluviatile L. Swamp Horsetail.— Near Huron Mountain Club in very wet places, or still shallow water. Common. Equisetum hvemale intermedium A. A. Eaton. (E. hyemale L.). Scour- ing Rush.—Dry open or shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Fre- quent and in spots abundant throughout, often acting as an efficient sand binder. Equisetum variegatum Schleich. Variegated Equisetum.—Lake shores near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. LYCOPODIACEAE Lycopodium lucidulum Michx. Shining Club Moss. — Damp shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Lycopodium inundatum 1, Bog Club Moss.—Damp sandy open or par- tially shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. 6 C. K. Dopcg Lycopodium annotinum 1, Stiff Club Moss.—Open hardwoods near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful and often abundant throughout. Lycopodiuin clavatum L,. Common Club Moss, Christmas Green.—Dry, shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent and often abundant throughout. ; Lycopodium obscurum 1, Ground Pine.—Rich shaded ground, usually in woods. Apparently frequent near Huron Mountain Club and throughout. It appears to be difficult to distinguish this from the following. Lycopodium obscurum dendroideum (Michx.) D. C. Eaton. Tree-like Club Moss.—Woods about Huron Mountain Club, and plentiful throughout. Included by many botanists in the preceding. Lycopodium tristachyum Pursh. Festoon Ground Pine, Ground Pine. —In sandy ground among pines near Huron Mountain Club and plentiful throughout. SELAGINELLACEAE Selaginella rupestris (L.) Spring. Rock Selaginella—Dry rocks at the “Fortress” on Huron Mountain, near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout in similar situations. Selaginella apus (L.) Spring. Creeping Selaginella—-Damp, mostly shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. ISOETACEAE Isoétes macrospora Dur, Lake Quillwort—In shallow water on margin of Rush Lake near Huron Mountain Club. Abundant. Perhaps to be found in most of the small lakes in the county. TAX ACEAE Taxus canadensis Marsh. American Yew, Ground Hemlock—A low evergreen straggling shrub with diffuse stems in hardwoods near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. PINACEAE Pinus Strobus L. White Pine-—A few large trees left among hard- woods near Huron Mountain Club and throughout the county. Often a very large tree from 70 to 175 feet high with a trunk diameter from one and one-half to ten and one-half feet. Various common names have been given it by land lookers, lumbermen and others. Fat pine is the old resinous part taken from stumps and old logs and used for fuel. Cork pine is applied to very large and old trees with soft wood. A large tree, free from limbs and containing several logs of sixteen feet each, is called by land cruisers sap pine, and one with limbs on the body nearly to the ground, buckwheat pine. Pinus Banksiana Lamb. Jack Pine.—Usually in dry sandy ground. Plentiful near Huron Mountain Club and throughout. Pinus resinosa Ait. Red Pine, Norway Pine—In dry sandy ground near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. A tree, with body free from limbs, containing several logs of sixteen feet each is known as yellow pine PLANTS OF MARQUETTE CoUNTY 7 by land cruisers, one with limbs near the ground, buckwheat pine. When logs of this species are or become so heavy as to sink in water many lumber- men call them pig-iron pine. Larix laricina (Du Roi) Koch. Tamarack, American Larch.—In swamps near Huron Mountain Club and frequent throughout. Ficea canadensis (Mill.) BSP. White Spruce—Dry ground often on margins of hardwoods near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP. Black Spruce—Usually in swamps with tamaracks and noted near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout in such situations. Abies balsamea (L.) Mill. Balsam Fir, Balsam.—tIn and on the margin of hardwoods near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Hemlock.—Often large trees on the mar- gin of and in hardwoods near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. Large trees are called yellow hemlock, and second growth white hemlock by land cruisers. Thuja occidentalis L. White Cedar, Arbor Vitae~-In damp open hard- woods and swamps near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. Formerly abundant in “cedar swamps”, but lumbering and destructive fires thave in many places nearly exterminated it. Small trees often grow on or near sandy beaches. As understood by land cruisers, second growth trees and those having bodies covered with limbs to or nearly to the ground are white cedar; those with tall smooth bodies mostly without limbs but with ‘small tops are yellow cedar. Juniperus communis L. Common Juniper.—On granitic hills near Hu- ron Mountain Club. Small and apparently infrequent. The difference be- tween this and the following, where the trees are mere shrubs, does not seem to be so very clear. This species when -well developed is quite tree- like. Juniperus communis depressa Pursh. (J. Sibirica Burgsd.) Low Juni- per.—Near Huron Mountain Club along sandy beaches and in rocky places. Plentiful throughout. TYPHACEAE Typha latifolia L. Common Cat-tail.—In wet marshy and swampy ‘places near Huron Mountain Club. - Plentiful throughout. SPARGANIACEAE Sparganium eurycarpum Engelm. Broad-fruited Bur-reed—Borders of -ponds, lakes and streams near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. Sparganium americanum androcladum (Engelm.) Fernald & Eames. (S. androcladum FEngelm., Morong.). Branching Bur-reed.—Third Pine ‘Lake near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Sparganium diversifolium acaule (Beeby) Fernald & Eames. (5. acaule Beeby, Rydb.). Stemless Bur-reed—Wet muddy places and in shallow water. Third Pine Lake, at the “Styx” near Huron Mountain Club, and probably frequent throughout. 8 C. K. DopcE ~ NAJADACEAE Potamogeton natans I,, Common Floating Pondweed.—In all the small lakes near Huron Mountain Club. Common throughout. ; Potamogeton epihydrus Raf. Nuttall’s Pondweed.—lIn small lakes near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Potamogeton amplifolius Tuckerm. Large-leaved Pondweed—Common in small lakes near Huron Mountain Club and throughout. Potamogeton heterophyllus Schreb. Various-leaved Pondweed.—Abun- dant in small lakes near Huron Mountain Club, and throughout. Potamogeton Richardsonii (Benn.) Rydb. Richardson’s Pondweed.— Common in the small lakes near Huron Mountain Club, and probably throughout. Potamogeton perfoliatus L. Clasping-leaved Pondweed.—Plentiful in small lakes near Huron Mountain Club and very probably throughout. Potamogeton zgosterifolins Schumacher. (P. compressa L.). Eel-grass. Pondweed.—Abundant in small lakes near Huron Mountain Club and throughout, Potamogeton pusillus L.. Small Pondweed.—On margins of small lakes, in pools, ditches, small slow streams and ponds near Huron Mountain Club. Abundant throughout. Potamogeton dimorphus Raf. Spiral Pondweed.—In small lakes near Huron Mountain Club and throughout. Plentiful. Najas flevilis (Willd.) Rostk. & Schmidt. Slender Najas—In shallow water of small lakes near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. JUNCAGINACEAE Triglochin maritima L. Seaside Arrow Grass.—Marshy open ground. near Marquette. Apparently infrequent. ALISM ACEAE Sagittaria latifolia Willd. Broad-leaved Arrow-head. —In wet places. and shallow water near Huron Mountain Club and Big Bay. Common. throughout. Sagittaria graminea Michx. Grass-leaved Sagittaria—Third Pine Lake- in shallow water by the “Styx” near Huron Mountain Club. Occasional throughout. Alisma Plantago-aquatica 1,. (Alisma Subcordatum Raf.). American Water Plantain—Shallow water on margins of small lakes, along small streams, in ponds and ditches near Huron Mountain’ Club. Plentiful throughout. HYDROCHARITACEAE Elodea canadensis Michx. (Philotria canadensis Michx., Britton). Water-weed.—Common in water of small lakes, ponds and sluggish streams near Huron Mountain Club, and throughout. Vallisneria spiralis 1, ‘Tape Grass, Wild Celery—Common and often abundant in water of small Jakes near Huron Mountain Club and through~ out. PLANTS oF Marguerte County 9 GRAMINEAE Andropogon scoparius Michx. (Schizachyrium scoparium Michx., Nash). Broom Beard Grass.—Dry sandy or rocky ground near Huron Mountain Club. Apparently infrequent. Andropogon furcatus Muhl. Forked Beard Grass.—Dry open ground near Marquette. Apparently infrequent. Digitaria humifusa Pers. (Syntherisma ischaemum Schreb., Nash). Small Crab Grass—Cultivated and waste grounds in and about Marquette. Frequent. Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. (Syntherisma Sanguinale 1,., Dulac.). Large Crab Grass, Finger Grass—A weed in fields, gardens and waste places of cities and villages. Plentiful. & Panicum capillare L,. Old Witch Grass—In dry sandy ground as a weed in and about cities and villages. Often abundant. Panicum depauperatum Muhl. Starved Panicum.—Dry sandy ground and on granitic rocky hills near Huron Mountain Club. Noted throughout as plentiful. Panicum huachucae Ashe. Hairy Panic Grass. — Abundant on sandy beach of First Pine Lake near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout Panicum xanthophysum Gray. Slender Panic Grass.—Rocky places on Huron Mountain near Huron Mountain Club. Probably frequent through- out. Echinochloa crusgalli (L.) Beauv. Barnyard Grass——A common weed in fields, gardens and waste places. Plentiful throughout. Prefers damp open ground. Variable. Echinochloa muricata (Michx.) Fernald. Prostrate Cockspur Grass.— See Rhodora, 17, 198. June 1915. A grass not yet mentioned in the man- uals. Prostrate, forming large mats in damp sand near Big Bay. Perhaps not always prostrate. Setaria glauca (L.) Beauv. (Chaetochloa glauca L,., Scribn.). Yellow Foxtail, Pigeon Grass—A common weed in fields, gardens and waste places throughout. Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv. (Chaetochloa viridis L., Scribn.). Green Foxtail Grass—A common weed in fields, gardens and waste places through- out. Cenchrus carolinianus Walt. Small Bur Grass—In sandy open ground and waste places in and about cities and villages. Apparently infrequent. Zizania palustris L. Wild Rice.—In shallow water of Third Pine Lake by the “Styx” near Huron Mountain Club. Apparently infrequent. Leersia oryzoides (1,.) Sw. (Homalocenchrus oryzoides L., Poll.). Rice Cut-grass, Scratch Grass.—Wet, usually open places about Marquette. Ap- parently ‘infrequent. 5 Phalaris arundinacea L. Reed Canary Grass——Open wet ground near Marquette. ‘Frequent. Milium effusum \. Tall Millet Grass—In hardwoods about Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. sae) C. K. Dopceg Oryzopsis pungens (Torr.) Hitche. Slender Mountain Rice. — Dry sandy open ground near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. Oryzopsis asperifolia Michx. White-grained Mountain Rice—-In par- tially shaded ground, usually woods, near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Muhlenbergia sylvatica Torr. (Muhlenbergia wmbrosa Scribn.). Wood- land Drop-seed—Shaded ground near Big Bay. Apparently infrequent. Muhlenbergia racemosa (Michx.) BSP. Satin Grass, Wild Timothy.— Borders of marshy places and in damp meadow-like ground about Mar- quette. Frequent throughout. Brachyelytrum erectum (Schreb.) Beauv. Bearded Short-husk—Damp rich shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Phleum pratense L. Timothy.—Plentiful throughout as an escape from cultivation to roadsides and open woods. Alopecurus geniculatus aristulatus Torr. (A. Aristulatus Michx.). Short- awned Foxtail—Wet places and often in shallow water. Noted at Big Bay and near Negaunee. Frequent. Agrostis alba L. Red Top.—Dry sandy places or in damp meadow-like ground. Frequent throughout. Agrostis hyemalis (Walt.) BSP. Rough Hair Grass, Fool Hay.—Dry or damp, open or partially shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club and throughout. Calamovilfa longifolia (Hook.) Hack. Long-leaved Reed Grass.—Sandy beach of Lake Supericr near Huron Mountain Club and often on sand dunes along the Great Lakes acting as an efficient sand binder against the action of wind. Calamagrostis canadensis (Michx.) Beauv. Blue-joint Grass—Wet open marshy places near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. Ammophila arenaria (L.) Link. Sea Sand-reed—Sandy beach of Lake Superior near Huron Mountain Club. One of the most efficient sand bind- ers against the action of wind and wave. Common and often abundant along the Great Lakes. Cinna arundinacea L. Wood Reed Grass.—On wooded hillsides of Hu- ron Mountain near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Cinna latifolia (Trev.) Griseb—Damp open woods near Huron Moun- tain Club. Apparently infrequent. Trisetum spicatum (L,.) Richter. Narrow False Oat.—Noted in rocky places about Marquette by the late Rev. E. J. Hill and reported in Beal’s Michigan Flora. : Deschampsia flexuosa (1,.) Trin. Wavy Hair Grass.—Open dry or par- tially shaded places near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Danthonia spicata (L.) Beauv. Common Wild Oat Grass.—Open dry and sterile ground near Huron Mountain Club. Common throughout. Phragmites communis Trin. (Phragmites phragmites L,., Karst.). Com- mon Red Grass—Borders of tamarack-black spruce swamps near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. PLANts OF Marquette County II Eragrostis pilosa (L.) Beauv. Small Tufted Love Grass.—Dry open ground in Marquette and other cities and along railroads. Frequent. Eragrostis megastachya (Koeler) Link. (E. Major Host.). Strong- scented Love Grass——A frequent weed in gardens and waste places through- out. Melica Smithii (Porter) Vasey. (Avena S‘mithii Porter). Smith’s Oat. —Moist open woods near Huron Mountain Club. Apparently infrequent. Dactylis glomerata 1. Orchard Grass.—In cities and villages and along railroads. Frequent. Poa annua I, Dwarf Meadow Grass.—A small grass growing in lawns and waste places throughout. Plentiful. Poa compressa L. English Blue Grass.—In dry sterile open ground near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Poa triflora Gilib. Fowl Meadow Grass.—Damp open places near Big Bay. Apparently infrequent. Poa pratensis L,. Kentucky Blue Grass, June Grass.—The common grass of our lawns, fields, roadsides and open woods. Abundant. Poa alsodes Gray. Grove Meadow Grass.—Roadsides near Big Bay. Apparently infrequent. Glyceria canadensis (Michx.) Trin. (Panicularia canadensis Michx., Kuntze). Rattlesnake Grass——Wet and boggy places near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. Glyceria nervata (Willd.) Trin. (Panicularia nervata Willd., Kuntze). Nerved Manna Grass, Meadow Grass. — Moist open or partially shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. Giyceria grandis Wats. (Panicularia grandis S. Wats., Nash). Reed Meadow Grass—Low banks of streams, ditches and wet meadow-like ground near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Glyceria septentrionalis Hitchce. (Panicularia Septentrionalis Hitchce., Bicknell). Floating Manna Grass.—In shallow water near Huron Moun- tain Club. Frequent throughout. Glyceria borealis (Nash) Batchelder. (Panicularia borealis Nash). Northern Manna Grass.—In shallow water on border of Third Pine Lake at the “Styx” near Huron Mountain Club. Apparently infrequent. Festuca octoflora Walt. Slender Fescue Grass.—Dry sterile open ground near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Festuca ovina I. Sheep’s Fescue-—Along- sandy beach near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Festuca nutans Spreng. Nodding Fescue Grass.—In and on borders of moist woods near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Bromus secalinus 1. Common Chess.—About cities and villages and along railroads. Frequent. Bromus ciliatus L. Fringed Brome Grass.—Moist shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Agropyron repens (L.) Beauv. Quack Grass——A vicious weed in fields, gardens and on roadsides throughout. Plentiful. 12 C. K. Dopce Agropyron’ tenerum Vasey. Slender Wheat Grass. — Sandy beach of Lake Superior near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful. : Hordeum jubatum 1, Squirrel-tail Grass.—In cities and villages as a weed. A grass introduced from the west. : Elymus virginicus L. Virginia Wild Rye.—Margins of small streams and hardwoods near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. _ Elymus canadensis L. Nodding Wild Rye——Dry sandy ground near Huron Mountain Club. Common throughout. Often plentiful along the sandy beaches of Lake Superior where it acts as an efficient sand binder. Hystrix patula Moench. (Hystrix hystrix L., Millsp.). Bottle-brush Grass—Moist shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. CYPERACEAE Duhciium arundinaceum (L.) Britton. Dulichium.—Borders of ponds and in wet places near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Eleocharis obtusa (Willd.) Schultes. Blunt Spike Rush.—Wet open places near Huron Mountain Club. Noted in great abundance in wet sand near Big Bay. Eleocharis palustris (L.) R. & S. Creeping Spike Rush.—In damp. open ground and often in shallow water near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. Eleocharis palustris vigens Bailey. Large Spike Rush.—Usually in shal- low water on borders of ponds and small lakes. Noticed in pastures as abundant on the margin of Rush Lake. Eleocharis acicularis (L.) R. & S. Needle Spike Rush—Wet muddy shores near Huron Mountain Club. Abundant throughout. Eleocharis tenuis (Willd.) Schultes. Slender Spike Rush—-Damp open ground and marshy places. Frequent throughout. Scirpus hudsonianus (Michx.) Fernald. (Eriophorum alpinum 1,.). Al- pine Cotton Grass.—Wet marshy places near Marquette. Plentiful through- out. Scirpus subterminalis Torr. Water Club Rush—lIn shallow water on border of Mountain Lake near Huron Mountain Club. Probably frequent throughout. ; Scirpus americanus Pers. Three Square—Borders of ponds, streams and small lakes near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. Stems sharply three-angled. Scirpus validus Vahl. American Great Bulrush—Margins of ponds, streams and small lakes near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. Scirpus occidentalis (Wats.) Chase. Viscid Great Bulrush—Borders of lakes and often in 6 or 7 feet of water. Stems 6 to 10 feet long. Frequent throughout. Scirpus rubrotinctus Fernald. (S. microcarpus Presl.). Small-fruited Bulrush.—Very wet open places near Marquette and Big Bay. Plentiful. Scirpus atrovirens Muhl. Dark-green Bulrush—Bogs and damp mea- dow-like ground near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. PLants oF Marquette County 13 Scirpus cyperinus pelius Fernald. Wool Grass.—Open marshy or boggy ground near Huron Mountain Club. Abundant throughout. This is sup- posed to be included in S. Cyperinus (L.) Kuntze in Britton & Brown. Scirpus pedicellatus Fernald. Pedicelled Wool Grass.—Marshy open or partially shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent. Scirpus atrocinctus Fernald. Fernald’s Bulrush—Damp meadow-like and swampy ground near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful. Eriophorum callitrix Cham. Sheathed Cotton Grass, Hare’s T'ail—Open boggy ground near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Eriophorum gracile Roth. .Slender Cotton Grass.—Wet open boggy places about Marquette. Frequent. Eriophorum angustifolium Roth. Tall Cotton Grass——Wet marshy open places near Marquette. Frequent. Eriophorum viridi-carinatum (Engelm.) Fernald. Thin-leaved Cotton Grass.—Margin of and in open spots of tamarack-black spruce swamps near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. , Eriophorum virginicum lL, Virginia Cotton Grass—Damp open mead- ow-like or boggy ground near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. Rynchospora alba (L.) Vahl. White Beak Rush.—Open boggy ground near Marquette. Plentiful. Carex Crawfordii Fernald. Crawford’s Sedge——Dryish open ground near Big Bay where it is plentiful. Carex tincta Fernald. (C. mirabilis tincta Fernald). Stained Sedge.— Dry open or partially shaded ground near Big Bay. Plentiful. Carex aenea Fernald. Fernald’s Hay Sedge—Dry open ground near Marquette. Plentiful. Carex angustiar Mack. Narrow-fruited Sedge—Open marshy ground near city of Marquette. “Perhaps to be found throughout. This sedge has not yet appeared in the manuals. Carex canescens L. Silvery Sedge—Wet open places near Big Bay. Plentiful. Carex brunnescens Poir. Brownish Sedge—Open woods near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. , ; Carex Deweyana Schwein. Dewey’s Sedge.—Rich open woods near Hu- ron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. Carex trisperma Dewey. Three-fruited Sedge—Boggy shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. Carex disperma Dewey. (C. tenella Schkuhr.). Soft-leaved Sedge — Damp rich woods and shaded swampy ground. Common throughout. Carex rosea Schkuhr. Stellate Sedge—Dry open woods near Mar- quette. Plentiful. Carex vulpinoidea Michx. Fox Sedge—Mostly damp low ground about Marquette. Plentiful. Carex diandra Schrank. Lesser Panicled. Sedge—Open boggy ground near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. 14 C. K. Dopcr Carex stipata Muhl. Awl-fruited Sedge—Wet open or partial! shaded places. Common throughout. Carex Sartwellii Dewey. Sartwell’s Sedge-—Wet boggy ground, often in shallow water about Marquette. Plentiful. Carex crinita Lam. Fringed Sedge—Rich wet shaded ground near Hu- ron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. Carex aquatilis substricta Kitkenthal. Smaller Water Sedge.—Very wet open places near Huron Mountain Club and about Marquette. Plentiful. Carex hassei Bailey. (C. bicolor All.) Hasse’s Sedge-——Damp sandy open ground along shores near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Carex leptalea Wahlenb. Bristle-stalked Sedge.— Wet meadow-like ground and in boggy places near Huron Mountain Club. Abundant. Carex polygama Schkuhr. (C. Buxbaumii Wahl.). Brown Sedge-—Wet marshy places near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. ~ Carex stricta lam. Tussock Sedge——Very wet open or partially shaded places near Huron Mountain Club and about Marquette. Frequent. Carex strictior Dewey. Stiff Sedge—Open marshy or damp meadow- like ground near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful. This sedge has not yet appeared in the manuals. Carex gracillima Schwein. Graceful Sedge—Woods or any rich par- tially shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Carex tonsa (Fernald) Bicknell. (C. wmbellata tonsa Fernald). Deep- green Sedge.—On the upper sandy beach of Lake Superior near the Huron Mountain Club. Abundant. Grows in large mats. Carex peckii K. C. Howe. (C. albicans Willd.). -White-tinged Sedge— Open woods and on rocky granitic hills near Huron Mountain Club. Plen- tiful throughout. Carex communis Bailey. Fibrous-rooted Sedge.— Rich dry shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. Carex pennsylvanica Lam. Pennsylvania Sedge.—Dry open sandy ground and on granitic hills near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful through-, out. ~ Carex pedunculata Muhl. Long-stalked Sedge—Margin of hardwoods near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent. Carex leptonervia Fernald. (C. laxiflora leptonervia Fernald.). Two- edged Sedge——Rich open or partially shaded ground. Frequent throughout. Carex flava 1,. Yellow Sedge——Damp open places near Huron Moun- tain Club. Plentiful throughout. Carex arctata Boott. Drooping Wood Sedge.—Rich shaded ground near Wuron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Carex scabrata Schwein. Rough Sedge—In damp open or partially shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. Carex lasiocarpa Ehrh. (Carex filiformis Good). Slender Sedge—Wet meadow-like ground, boggy places and often in shallow water near Huron Mountain Club. Abundant throughout. Carex lanuginosa Michx. Woolly Sedge.— Low meadow-like ground and wet places near Marquette. Plentiful. PLANTS OF Marquette County 15 Carex Pseudo-Cyperus L. Cyperus-like Sedge-—Wet open ground near Negaunee. Frequent. Carex hystricina Muhl. (C. hystericina Muhl.). Porcupine Sedge— Open wet ground and often in shallow water near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. Carex retrorsa Schwein. Retrorse Sedge—Wet open or partially shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. Carex lupulina Muhl. Hop Sedge.—Very wet open or shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. ; Carex intumescens Rudge. Bladder Sedge.— Damp open or partially shaded ground near Big Bay. Frequent throughout. Carex rostrata Stokes. Beaked Sedge——Wet swampy places, often in shallow water near Marquette. Frequent throughout. Carex Tuckermani Dewey. Tuckerman’s Sedge.—Damp rich open or partially shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. ARACEAE Arisaema triphyllum (L.) Schott. Jack-in-the-pulpit, Indian Turnip.— Damp rich shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful through- out. Calla palustris L. Wild Calla—Very wet open or partially shaded places near Marquette. Plentiful throughout. * LEMNACEAE Lemna minor L. Lesser Duckweed.—Covering still shallow water near Big Bay. Probably frequent throughout. ERIOCAULACEAE Eriocaulon articulatum (Huds.) Morong. (£. septangulare With.). Seven-angled Pipewort—In damp sand, mud or shallow water on margin of small lakes near Huron Mountain Club. Common throughout. PONTEDERIACEAE Pontederia cordata L,. Pickerel Weed.—In shallow water of small lakes near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. JUNCACEAE Juncus bufonius L. Toad Rush.—Damp open ground, often along damp roadsides. Abundant throughout. Juncus tenuis Willd. Slender Rush—Common in fields, paths and on roadsides throughout. Juncus balticus littoralis Engelm. Baltic Rush—On sandy shores or in damp open ground. Frequent throughout. An efficient sand binder. Juncus effusus L. Common Rush.—Marshy open ground. Common throughout. 16 C. K. Dopcr Juncus brachycephalus (Engelm.) Buchenau. Small-headed Rush.—Wet marshy ground near Marquette. Plentiful throughout. Juncus brevicaudatus (Engelm.) Fernald. Narrow-panicled Rush.—Wet or muddy places near Marquette. Plentiful. Juncus canadensis J. Gay. Canada Rush—Open marshy places near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. Juncus pelocarpus Mey. Brown-fruited Rush.—Wet swampy places and in damp sand on margin of small lakes near Huron Mountain Club. Plenti- ful throughout. Juncus nodosus 1. Knotted Rush—Wet sandy ground and “vamp places near Marquette. Frequent throughout. LILIACEAE Uvularia grandiflora Sm. Large-flowered Bellwort——Rich open woods along Salmon Trout River near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent through- out. Allium tricoccum Ait. Wild Leek. —Hardwoods near Huron Mountain Club. Common throughout. Hemerocallis fulva L. Common Day Lily—Inclined to escape from cultivation and persist in cities and villages. Noticed throughout. Asparagus officinalis 1. Garden Asparagus.—Dry open sandy ground throughout. Frequent. , Clintonia borealis (Ait.) Raf. Yellow Clintonia. —Mostly i in hardwoods near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. S‘milacina racemosa (L.) Desf. (Vagnera racemosa L., Morong.). False Spikenard.—Moist rich shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Plenti- ful throughout. Smilacina stellata (L.) Desf. (Vagnera stellata L., Morong.). Star- flowered Solomon’s Seal—-Dry sandy open, or damp rich shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Often on sandy shores. Plentiful throughout. Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf. (Vagnera trifolia L., Morong.). Three- leaved Solomon’s Seal.—-Very wet or boggy open or partially shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Maianthemum canadense Desf. (Unifolium canadense Desf., Greene.). Wild Lily of the Valley.—Rich shaded ground especially in hardwoods near Huron Mountain Club. Common throughout. Sireptopus amplexifolins (Iz) DC. Clasping-leaved T'wisted-stalk.— Moist shaded places especially along small streams near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Streptopus roseus Michx. Sessile-leaved Twisted-stalk—A specimen in herbarum of Miss Nellie M. Fairbanks collected on Presque Isle at Mar- quette appears to be this species. Apparently infrequent. Streptopus longipes Fernald. Fernald’s Twisted-stalk—In woods near Huron Mountain Club. Abundant throughout Marquette County. Polygonatum biflorum (Walt.) Ell. Hairy Solomon’s Seal.—Hardwoods near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. PLANTS OF MarQuEtte County 17 Convallaria majalis 1, Lily of the Valley—lInclined to escape from cultivation frequently and persist in cities and villages. ‘ Trillium sessile L. Sessile-flowered ‘Wake Robin.—In herbarium of Miss Nellie M. Fairbanks, collected on Presque Isle near city of Marquette. Ap- parently infrequent. Trillium grandiflorum (Michx.) Salisb. Large-flowered Wake Robin.— Rich shaded ground especially in hardwoods. Plentiful throughout. Trillium cernuum 1I.. Nodding Wake Robin. — Rich shaded ground throughout. Noted in particular’ along Salmon Trout River near Huron Mountain Club. IRIDACEAE Iris versicolor L. Large Blue Flag—Wet open or partially shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Not rare throughout, but not noted as abundant anywhere. ‘ Sisyrinchium angustifolinin Mill. Pointed Blue-eyed Grass—In mead- ow-like open ground and often in damp sandy places about city of Mar- quette. Probably frequent throughout. ORCHIDACEAE Cypripedium parviflorum Salisb. Smaller Yellow Lady’s Slipper—Most- ly in swampy or boggy places near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Specimen in herbarium of Miss Nellie M. Fairbanks, Mar- quette. Cypripedium parviflorum pubescens (Willd.). Knight. Larger Yellow Lady’s Slipper—Rich shaded ground especially in woods near Huron Moun- tain Club. Frequent throughout. Cypripedium hirsutum Mill. (C. reginae Walt.). Showy Lady’s Slipper.— In open or partially shaded swampy places about Marquette. Said to be frequent. Specimen in herbarium of Miss Nellie M. Fairbanks, Marquette. Cypripedium acanle Ait. (Fissipes acaulis Ait., Small.). Stemless Lady’s Slipper, Moccasin Flower—Dry shaded places about Marquette. Fre- quent. Orchis rotundifolia Banks. Small Round-leaved Orchis.—Noted in an open swampy place near Marquette by Thomas M. Danger of Port Huron, Michigan. and reported in the Michigan Flora. Orchis spectabilis L. (Galeorchis spectabilis L., Rydb.). Showy Orchis. —Rich woods about Marquette, and reported as frequent. Specimen in herbarium of Miss Nellie M. Fairbanks, Marquette. Habenaria bracteata (Willd.) R. Br. (Coeloglossum bracteatum Willd., Parl.). Long-bracted Orchis——Damp shaded ground near Huron Moun- tain Club. Probably frequent throughout. Habenaria flava (L.) Gray. (Perularia flava L., Farwell). Tubercled Orchis.—Wet open or partially shaded places near Huron Mountain Club. Probably frequent throughout. 18 C. K. DopcE Habernaria hyperborea (L.) R. Br. (Limnorchis hyperborea L., Rydb.). Tall Leafy Green Orchis—Damp rich woods near Huron Mountain Club. Probably frequent throughout. Habenaria dilatata (Pursh) Gray. (Limnorchis dilatata Pursh, Rydb.). Tall White Bog Orchis—Damp open or partially shaded ground about Mar- quette. Said to be frequent throughout. Habenaria clavellata (Michx.) Spreng. (Gymnadeniopsis clavellata Michx., Rydb.). Small Green Wood Orchis.——Damp or boggy open or par- tially shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Habenaria obtusata (Pursh) Richards. (Lysiella obtusata Pursh, Rich- ards). Small Northern Bog Orchis——Swampy places and rich damp woods near Huron Mountain Club. Probably frequent throughout. Habenaria Hookeri Torr. (Lysias hookeriana A. Gray, Rydb.). Hook- er’s Orchis—Damp shaded ground near Sugar Loaf Mountain, a large rocky hill near Marquette. Said to be frequent throughout. Habenaria orbiculata (Pursh) Torr. (Lysias orbiculata Pursh, Rydb.). Smaller Round-leaved Orchis.—Rich shaded ground especially in hardwoods near Huron Mountain Club. Probably frequent throughout. Flabenaria psycodes (L.) Sw. (Blephariglottis psycodes L., Rydb.). Smaller Purple-fringed Orchis—Wet meadow-like ground and swampy places near Huron Mountain Club. Probably frequent throughout. Pogonia ophioglossoides (L.) Ker. Rose.Pogonia, Snake- mouth. —Bog- gy ground near Huron Mountain Club. Noted by Mrs. Wallace Radcliffe. Said to be frequent. Arethusa bulbosa L. Arethusa, Dragon’s-mouth.—Wet boggy places about the small lakes near Huron Mountain Club. Probably occasional throughout. Spiranthes cernua (,.) Richard. (Lbidium cernuum L,., House). Nod- ding Ladies’ Tresses.—Summit of Huron Mountain, a large granitic hill near Huron Mountain Club. Probably frequent throughout. ; Epipactis repens ophioides (Fernald) A. A. Eaton. (Peramium ophioides , Fernald, Rydb,). Lesser Rattlesnake Plantain—Damp hardwoods near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Epipactis decipiens (Hook.) Ames. (Peramium decipiens Hook., Piper). Menzie’s Rattlesnake Plantain.—In hardwoods near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Listera cordata (L..) R. Br. (Ohprys cordata L.). Heart-leaved Tway- , blade, Double-leaf—In a swampy place about Mountain Lake near Huron Mountain Club. Probably frequent throughout. Corallorrhiza trifida Chatelain. (C. corallorhiza L., Karst.). Early Coral Root—Damp shaded ground near Marquette. Probably frequent through- out. Specimen in herbarium of Miss Nellie M. Fairbanks, Marquette. Corallorrhiza maculata Raf. Large Coral Root.—Rich woods near Hu- ron Mountain Club. Probably frequent throughout. Corallorrhiza striata Lindl. Striped Coral Root——Rich shaded ground near Marquette. Occasional. Specimen in herbarium of Miss Nellie M. Fairbanks of Marquette. PLANTS OF MargueEttsé County 19 SALICACEAE Salix pentandra 1, Bay-leaved Willow—Along lake shore in Mar- quette. Cultivated, not escaping. Salix lucida Muhl. Shining Willow.—Wet open ground with other wil- lows near Huron Mountain Club. Common ‘throughout. Salix serissima (Bailey) Fernald. Autumn Willow.—Near Marquette. Probably frequent throughout. Salix alba L. White Willow.—lIn cities and villages. Planted for orna- mental purposes, apparently not escaping. Salix alba vitellina (L.) Koch. Golden Willow.—Occasionally cultivated in cities and villages but not permanently escaping. Noted at Marquette. Salix babylonica L. Weeping Willow—Cultivated as an ornamental tree in cities and villages but not permanently escaping. Salix longifolia Muhl. (S. interior Rowlee). Sandbar Willow —Along banks of streams and lake shores near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. Salix cordata Muhl. Heart-leaved Willow.—Banks of streams and in damp open places near Huron Mountain Club. Probably frequent through- out. Leaves usually not heart-shaped. Salix glaucophylla Bebb. Broad-leaved Willow.—Lake shores near Hu- ron Mountain Club., Plentiful throughout in similar habitats. Salix balsamifera Barratt. (S. pyrifolia Anders.). Balsam Willow.— Border of First Pine Lake in low ground with other willows near Huron Mountain Club. Probably frequent throughout. Noted by B. Gladewitz. Salix syrticola Fernald. (S. adenophylla Hook.). Furry Willow On and near sandy beach of Lake Superior near Huron Mountain Club. Plen- tiful. Salix pedicellaris Pursh. Bog Willow.—In wet boggy open places near ‘Huron Mountain Club. Probably frequent throughout. Salix discolor Muhl. Glaucous Willow, Pussy Willow.—Low ground or low banks of streams near Huron Mountain Club. Common throughout. Salix petiolaris Sm. Slender Willow.——Damp open ground especially on borders of small lakes and along banks of streams near Huron Mountain Club. Common throughout. Salix humilis Marsh. Prairie Willow—Dry open ground near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. Salix rostrata Richards. (S. Bebbiana Sarg.). Bebb’s Willow.—Dry or low damp ground especially on lake borders near Huron Mountain Club. Common. throughout. Salix candida Fligge. Hoary Willow, Sage Willow.—Marshy and boggy open ground about Marquette. Salix pellita Anders. Satiny Willow—Damp sandy shore of First Pine Lake near Huron Mountain Club. Probably occasional throughout. A rare willow. Populus alba L.. White Poplar.—Occasionally set out as a yard or street ornamental tree in cities and villages, but not escaping. 20 C. K. Dopcr _ Populus tremuloides Michx. Common Poplar, American Aspen, Quiver- leaf—Dry or damp open ground near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout but not noted as abundant anywhere. Populus grandidentata Michx. Large-toothed Poplar, Large-toothed Aspen. — Bordering hardwoods near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. Populus balsamifera L. Balsam Poplar.—Occasional along the sandy beach of Lake Superior near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout, Populus deltoides Marsh. Cotton-wood.— Not native in Marquette County but a form of it is known as the Large-leaved Poplar or Carolina Poplar, often set out as a street tree in cities and villages. Populus nigra italica Du Roi. (P. italica Moench.). Lombardy Poplar.— Occasionally set out in cities and villages as a street tree and often spread- ing by root. Introduced from Europe. MYRICACEAE Myrica Gale L. Sweet Gale-—A shrub from three to five feet high in damp open ground along streams but mostly bordering the small lakes near Huron Mountain Club. Abundant throughout. Myrica asplenifolia 1. (Comptonia peregrina L., Coulter).. Sweet Fern. —A shrub one to three feet high growing in dry sandy mostly open ground near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent, often abundant throughout. BETULACEAE Corylus rostrata Ait. Beaked Hazelnut.—Rich open or partially shaded ground about Marquette and Big Bay. Plentiful throughout. Ostrya virginiana (Mill.) K. Koch. Ironwood.—In hardwoods near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. Betula lutea Michx. f. Yellow Birch—One of the principal trees in the extensive hardwood forests of the county. Lumbermen, woodsmen and land cruisers call the small trees with smooth bark yellow birch, the large ones with rough bark and red hard wood, red birch or cherry birch, the lat- ter being much more valuable. Betula alba papyrifera (Marsh.). Spach. (B. papyrifera Marsh.). Canoe Birch, White Birch.—With other trees near Huron Mountain Club. Fre- quent throughout. Betula pumila glanduiifera Regel. (B. glandulifera Regel, Butler). Glandular Low Birch.—Borders of tamarack-black spruce swamps near Hu- ron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Alnus crispa (Ait.) Pursh. Green Alder, Mountain Alder—Borders of Rush Lake near Huron Mountain Club. Probably frequent throughout. This and the following species are much alike in general appearance. Alnus mollis Fernald. Downy Green Alder—Bordering woods near Huron Mountain Club, and near lighthouse at Marquette. Probably fre- quent throughout. Alnus incana (L.) Moench. Speckled Alder—Swamps and borders of streams near Huron Mountain Club. Common throughout. PLANS OF MArQguerte County 21 FAGACEAE Quercus rubra 1, Red Oak—A large forest tree sometimes 140 feet high and 7 feet in diameter, the species is dwarfed on Huron Mountain and other rocky hills near Huron Mountain Club. Seldom abundant but to be found throughout with other trees in dry or damp rich ground. Quercus rubra ambigua (Michx. f£.) Fernald. (Q. borealis Michx. f.). Gray Oak, Northern Red Oak.—A few trees noted northwest of Marquette were thought to be this variety. According to systematists it is very close to the preceding and cannot be distinguished from it without perfect fruit and even then it is often very doubtful. Also thought to be on Grand Island, Alger County. URTICACEAE Ulmus americana L,. American Elm.—With other trees near Huron Mountain Club and throughout the county, along streams and in hardwoods. Cannabis sativa L.. Hemp.—Frequent about cities and villages through- out, persisting at least for a few years. Humulus Lupulus I, Common Hop, Hops.—Common along banks of Salmon Trout River near Huron Mountain Club. Also noted on rocky bluffs at Marquette. Perhaps frequent throughout. Urtica gracilis Ait. Slender Nettle—Damp open or shaded ground about Marquette. Frequent throughout. _ Laportea canadensis (L.) Gaud. (Urticastrum divaricatum L., Kuntze). Wood Nettle—Open rich woods near Huron Mountain Club. Probably frequent throughout. SANTALACEAE Comandra Richardsiana Fernald. Richards’ Toad-flax.—Dry open. or partially shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. ARISTOLOCHIACEAE Asarum canadense 1, Wild Ginger—Rich shaded ground near Mar- quette. In herbarium of Miss Nellie M. Fairbanks at Marquette. Said to be frequent. POLYGONACEAE Rumex Britannica L. Great Water Dock.—Wet and swampy open places near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Rumex crispus L. Yellow Dock, Curled Dock.—In fields and on road- sides as a weed. Common throughout. Rumex mexicanus Meisn. Willow-leaved Dock.—In rich dry sandy ground about Marquette and at Big Bay. Probably frequent throughout. Rumex obtusifolius L. Broad-leaved Dock, Bitter Dock.—In fields, pas- tures, on roadsides and a common weed in waste places. Plentiful through- out. Rumex Acetosella L. Field Sorrel—A common weed in fields and waste places. 22 C. K. Dopcs Polygonum aviculare L., Knot Grass, Door-weed.—Common as a weed in cities and villages, especially in yards, lawns and waste places. Polygonum erectum L. Erect Knotweed.—On roadsides and in streets of cities, villages and in waste places. Plentiful throughout. Polygonum tenue Michx. Slender Knotweed—Dry open ground near Marquette, and on summit of Huron Mountain near Huron Mountain Club. Probably frequent throughout. Polygonum lapathifolium 1. (Persicaria lapathifolia L., S. F. Gray). Pale Persicaria——Wet open places at Marquette and Big Bay. Frequent throughout. Polygonum amphibium L. (Persicaria amphibia L., S. F. Gray). Water Persicaria—Low banks of streams and small lakes and often in shallow water where it floats like a pondweed.°* Polygonum Hydropiper L. (Persicaria hydropiper L,., Opiz.). Common Smartweed.—Moist open or partially shaded ground near Marquette and at Big Bay. Probably frequent throughout. Polygonum acre HBK. (Persicaria punctata Ell., Small). Water Smart- weed.—Wet open places or often in shallow water near Marquette and at Big Bay. Frequent throughout. Polygonum Persicaria L. (Persicaria persicaria L,., Small.). Lady’s Thumb.—Open damp ground, usually a weed in cities, villages and waste places. Common throughout. Polygonum hydropiperoides Michx. (Persicaria hydropiperoides Michx., Small). Mild Water Pepper—Margin of Independence Lake and in shal- low water at Big Bay. Apparently infrequent. Polygonum sagittatum L. (Tracaulon sagittatum L., Small.). Arrow- leaved Tear-thumb.—Low open or partially shaded ground about Marquette. Frequent throughout. Polygonum Convolvulus 1. (Tiniaria convolvulus Webb & Moq.). Black Bindweed.—A weed in gardens, other cultivated grounds and waste places. Common throughout. Polygonum cilinode Michx. (Tiniaria cilinodis Michx., Small). Fringed Black Bindweed—Dry sandy ground or rocky hills near Marquette. Fre- quent throughout. Fagopyrum esculentum Moench. (F. fagopyrum L,., Karst.). Buck- wheat.—Occasional in waste places of cities and villages throughout. Per- haps not a permanent escape. Polygonella articulata (L.) Meisn. Coast Jointweed—Dry open sandy ground near Marquette. Probably frequent throughout. CHENOPODIACEAE Cycloloma atriplicifolium (Spreng.) Coult. Winged Pigweed.—Sandy ground in waste places about Marquette. Chenopodium Botrys L.. Jerusalem Oak.—In waste places as a weed about cities and villages, Chenopodium capitatum (1,.) Asch, (Blitum capitatum L.). Strawberry Blite—Dry open ground near Marquette. Occasional throughout. PLANTS oF Marguerre Country 23 Chenopodium glaucum L. Oak-leaved Goosefoot.—Only as a weed in gardens, streets and waste places of cities and villages throughout. Chenopodium hybridum L,. Maple-leaved Goosefoot.—Margins of woods and as a weed in and about cities and villages throughout. _ Chenopodium album L. Lamb’s Quarters, Pigweed.—One of our com- mon weeds in cultivated grounds everywhere. Atriplex patula hastata (L.) Gray. Halberd-leaved Orache-—A com- mon weed in the waste places of cities and villages throughout. Salsola Kali tenuifolia G. F. W. Mey. (S. pestifer A, Nelson), Russian Thistle—Noted as a weed throughout in cities and villages. AMARANTHACEAE Amaranthus retroflexrus L. Amaranth Pigweed, Green Amaranth.—A common weed of cultivated grounds and in waste places of cities and vil- lages. Amaranthus graecizans L. Tumble Weed.—Fields, gardens and waste places. Plentiful as a weed throughout. Amaranthus blitoides Wats. Prostrate Amaranth—A weed in cultivated grounds and waste places of cities and villages throughout. CARYOPHYLLACEAE Arenaria serpyllifolia L. Thyme-leaved Sandwort—Dry open ground as a weed in and about cities and villages throughout. j Stellaria borealis Bigel. (Alsine borealis Bigel, Britton). Northern Stitchwort—Damp open or partially shaded places near Marquette and Ne- gaunee. Probably frequent throughout. Stellaria media (1,.) Cyrill. (Alsine media L.) Common Chickweed— A common weed in gardens, lawns and waste places of cities and villages throughout. Cerastium arvense 1, Field Chickweed, Meadow Chickweed.—Cracks and crevices of granitic rocks on rocky hills near Huron Mountain Club. Probably in similar situations throughout. Plentiful. Cerastium vulgatum L. Larger Mouse-ear Chickweed.—Fields, gardens, lawns and waste places throughout as a weed. Common. Agrostemma Githago L. Corn Cockle, Cockle-—Noted in this county only as an occasional weed about cities and villages. Frequent in wheat- fields of lower Michigan and known as “Cockle.” Lychnis alba Mill. White Campion —Fields and waste places as a weed. Throughout, becoming common. Silene antirrhina L. Sleepy Catchfly—Dry open ground about Mar- quette. Probably frequent throughout. Silene noctiflora L.. Night-flowering Catchfly.— Fields, gardens and waste places in and about cities and villages. Frequent throughout. Saponaria officinalis L. Bouncing Bet——On dry sandy ground in and about Marquette. Probably frequent throughout. 24 C. K. DopcE Saponaria Vaccaria L,. (Vaccaria vaccaria 1, Britton).Cow-herb, Cock- le-—Occasional along railroads and in depot grounds and freight yards, Marquette, Negaunee and Ishpeming. Dianthus barbatus L. Sweet William.—Inclined to escape from cultiva- tion and persist near old dwellings. Noted in particular in a small clearing near Huron Mountain Club. PORTULACACEAE Claytonia virginica L. Spring Beauty.—Rich moist shaded grounds, us- ually in woods. Noted near Marquette by Miss Nellie May Fairbanks who has a specimen in her herbarium. Probably frequent throughout, but ap- parently less so than the following. Claytonia caroliniana Michx. Carolina Spring Beauty.—Rich shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Apparently abundant throughout. Portulaca oleracea 1. Purslane, Pussley—Gardens and waste places as a weed in and about cities and villages. Often abundant. NYMPHAEACEAE Nymphaea advena variegata (Engelm.) Fernald. Variegated Yellow Pond Lily—Common in still and stagnant water near Huron Mountain Clug, and throughout. Included in N. advenea Soland in Briton & Brown’s new illustrated manual. [Castalia odorata (Ait.) Woodville & Wood. Sweet-scented White Water Lily.—In the opinion of the writer it is very doubtful whether this species exists in Marquette County. No very sweet-scented flowers have been noted. A careful examination of rootstocks will perhaps decide the question. For the present all white water lilies of the county so far as seen and examined are referred to the next species. ] Castalia tuberosa (Paine) Greene. Tuberous White Water Lily—In small lakes and small slow streams near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. Brasenia Schreberi Gmel. Water Shield—Noted in a pond or small lake near Negaunee. Probably frequent throughout. RANUNCULACEAE Ranunculus Flammula filiformis (Michx.) Hook. Smaller Creeping Spearwort.—Damp sandy shores of small lakes near Huron Mountain Club. Abundant. Ranuncilus sceleratus I, Celery-leaved Crowfoot—vVery wet places about Marquette, Negaunee and Ishpeming. Probably frequent throughout. Ranunculus abortivus 1. Small-flowered Crowfoot. — Rich shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Probably frequent throughout. Ranunculus recurvatus Poir. Hooked Crowfoot—Dry open or shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. Ranunculus fascicularis Muhl. Early Crowfoot—Open rocky places on Huron Mountain near Huron Mountain Club. Not noted anywhere before in Northern Peninsula by the writer. Pruants oF Marquette County 25 Ranunculus septentrionalis Poir. Swamp Buttercup—Wet shaded ground at Big Bay, and near Marquette, Negaunee and Ishpeming. Fre- ~ quent throughout. Ranunculus pennsylvanicus L. f. Bristly Crowfoot——Wet open or par- tially shaded places near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Ranunculus acris 1, Tall Buttercup—Abundant throughout the county. Noted in particular at and near Negaunee, where it covers the sides and summits of rocky hills giving them a beautiful golden color when the plant is in bloom. ; Thalictrum dasycarpuin Fisch. & Lall. Tall Meadow Rue.—lIn rich open _ or shaded ground bordering woods or along streams near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Hepatica triloba Chaix. (H. hepatica L., Karst.). Round-lobed Liver- leaf.— Rich shaded ground near city of Marquette. Probably frequent throughout. Anemone canadensis L. Canada Anemone.— Rich open or partially shaded ground near Big Bay. Probably frequent throughout. Anemone quinquefolia 1, Wind-flower—Rich shaded ground along Salmon Trout River near Huron Mountain Club. Probably frequent throughout. Clematis virginiana L. Virginia Virgin’s Bower—Rich shaded ground especially along stream banks near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. Caltha palustris L,. Marsh Marigold—Wet open or shaded ground. Abundant throughout. Coftis trifolia (L.) Salisb. Goldthread—-Damp shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Common throughout. Aquilegia canadensis L. Wild Columbine—Rocky granitic hills near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Actaea alba (1.) Mill. White Baneberry—Rich shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. BERBERIDACEAE Caulophyllum thalictroides (L.) Michx. Blue Cohosh.—Rich shaded ground along Salmon Trout River near Huron Mountain Club. Perhaps frequent throughout. PAPAVERACEAE Sanguinaria canadensis L,. Bloodroot.—Rich shaded ground along Sal- mon Trout River near Huron Mountain Club. Probably frequent through- out. FUMARIACEAE Dicentra Cucullaria (L.) Barnh. (Bicuculla cucullaria L., ‘Millsp.). Dutchman’s Breeches.—Abundant in shaded ground along Salmon Trout River near Huron Mountain Club. Common throughout. Corydalis sempervirens (L.) Pers. (Capnoides sempervirens Borck.). Pale Corydalis.—Granitic rocky hills near Huron Mountain Club, and about Marquette. Probably common throughout. 26 C. K. Dopcr CRUCIFERAE Alyssum alyssoides LL. Yellow Alyssum.—Dry ground in and about cities and villages. Frequent throughout. Lepidium virginicum L. Wild Peppergrass——A common weed in culti- vated grounds, on roadsides, and in and about cities and villages. Capsella Bursa-pastoris (L.) Medic. (Bursa bursa-pastoris L., Britton). Shepherd’s Purse—A common weed in cultivated grounds and in and about cities and villages. Cakile edentula (Bigel.) Hook. American Sea Rocket—On and near sandy beach of Lake Superior near Huron Mountain Club. Common on the sandy beaches of the Great Lakes. Brassica arvensis (L.) Ktze. (Sinapis arvensis L.). Wild Mustard, Common Mustard.—A bad weed in grain fields, and frequent about cities and villages. a ; Sisymbrium officinale leiocarpum DC. Smooth-podded Hedge Mustard. —A common weed on roadsides and in waste places of cities and villages throughout. Included in Erysimum officinale L. in Britton & Brown. Sisymbrium altissimun L. (Norta altissima L., Britton). Tumble Mus- tard-—A weed about cities and villages and along railroads throughout. Plentiful. Erysimum cheiranthoides L. (Cheirinia cheiranthoides L,., Link.). Wormseed Mustard-—A weed along railroads, in fields, and waste places of cities and villages. Frequent. Radicula Nasturtium-aquaticum (L.) Britton & Rendle. (Sisymbrium nasturtium-aquaticum L,.). True Water Cress—Creeks and ditches about Marquette and Big Bay. Plentiful. Radicula palustris (L.) Moench. Marsh Water Cress. — Wet open places or in shallow water near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent through- out. Radicula Armoracia (L,.) Robinson. (Armoracia armoracia L., Britton). Horseradish.—Noted throughout in damp open ground about and in cities. and villages. Dentaria diphylla Michx. Two-leaved Toothwort, Crinkle-root—Rich shaded ground near Big Bay. Probably frequent throughout. Dentario laciniata Muhl. Cut-leaved Toothwort—Rich shaded ground along Salmon Trout River near Huron Mountain Club. Probably frequent throughout. Cardamine parviflora 1,. Small-flowered Bitter Cress——Rocky summit of Huron Mountain. Probably to be found in similar situations throughout. Noted by B. Gladewitz. Cardamine pennsylvanica Muh]. Pennsylvania Bitter Cress. — Along Salmon Trout River near Huron Mountain Club. Apparently infrequent. Arabis lyrata L. Lyre-leaved Rock Cress—On sandy beaches and shores, and on rocky hills about Huron Mountain Club. Probably plentifut throughout. PLANTS OF MARQUETTE CouNTY 27 Arabis brachycarpa (T. & G.) Britton. Purple Rock Cress——On rocky summit of Huron Mountain, and on rocks about the lighthouse in Mar- quette. Probably in like situations throughout. SARRACENIACEAE Sarracenia purpurea L. Pitcher-plant—Noted in swampy places and even on logs at Canyon Lake near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. DROSERACEAE Drosera rotundifolia 1. Round-leaved Sundew.—Boggy ground and even on old logs at Canyon Lake near Huron Mountain Club. Probably frequent throughout. CRASSULACEAE Sedum purpureum Tausch. (Sedum triphyllum Haw., S. F. Gray). Liveforever—Roadsides and waste places in cities and villages. Plentiful throughout. SAXIFRAGACEAE Saxifraga virginiensis Michx. (Micranthes virginiensis Michx., Small). Early Saxifrage—Cracks and crevices of rocks on Huron Mountain near Huron Mountain Club. Abundant. Probably to be found in similar situa- tions throughout the county. First noted by Mrs. A. L. Farwell, on June 3, 1917. . Tiarella cordifolia L. False Mitrewort—Rich woods at Sugar Loaf Mountain near Marquette. Apparently infrequent. - ‘Mitella nuda L. Naked Mitrewort—Rich woods near Huron Mountain Club. Common throughout. ; Chrysosplenium. americanum Schwein. Golden Saxifrage—In shaded cool wet and springy places near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful through- out. Ribes Cynosbati L. (Grossularia Cynosbati L., Mill.). Prickly Goose- berry.—Open or shaded rocky ground near Sugar Loaf Mountain. Appar- ently infrequent. Ribes setosa (Lindl.) Cav. & Britt. Bristly Gooseberry—Rich partially shaded ground along Salmon Trout River and about Mountain Lake near Huron Mountain Club. Apparently frequent. See Britton and Brown, 2 ed., Vol. 2, 240. Ribes prostratum L’Her. (R. glandulosum Grauer.). Fetid Currant— Rich shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Ribes prostratum L’Her. (R. glandulosuim Grauer.). Fetid Currant.— Abundant along Salmon Trout River near Huron Mountain Club. Probably plentiful throughout. Ribes triste albinervium (Michx.) Fernald. Smooth-leaved Swamp Red Currant.—Along Salmon Trout River near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful. 28 C. K. Dopcr ROSACEAE Physocarpus opulifolius (L.) Maxim. (Opulaster opulifolius I.., Kuntze). Nine-bark—Banks of streams and rocky hills near Huron Moun- tain Club. Plentiful throughout. Spiraea salicifolia L. Common Meadow-sweet——Low damp open ground near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Pyrus Malus L. (Malus malus 1.,- Britton). Common Apple—Noted throughout along roads, on margins of woods, and about cities and villages. Pyrus americana (Marsh.) DC. (Sorbus americana Marsh.). American Mountain Ash.—Borders of hardwoods throughout. Frequent. Amelanchier humilis Wieg. Small Juneberry—Rocky summit of Hu- ron Mountain near Huron Mountain Club. Apparently infrequent. See Rhodora, Vol. 14, 117, July, 1912. Amelanchier canadensis (1,.) Medic. Juneberry—Dry ground bordering hardwoods near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Amelanchier laevis Wieg. Smooth-leaved Juneberry.—Dry open or par- tially shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Probably frequent throughout. Amelanchier bartramiana (Tausch) Roemer. Oblong-fruited Juneberry. —Dry open ground near Lake Superior beach at Huron Mountain Club. Probably frequent throughout. See Rhodora, Vol. 17, 158, July, 1912. Crataegus Oxyacantha T,. English Hawthorn.—Cultivated in cities and villages throughout but not noted as escaping. Crataegus punctata Jacq. Large-fruited Thorn Rich open or partially shaded ground near Marquette. Probably frequent throughout. Crataegus pruinosa ('Wendl.) C. Koch. Waxy-fruited Thorn.—Foot of bluffs in and about Marquette. Plentiful. Fragaria virginiana Duchesne. Common Strawberry—Common through- out in damp or dry open or partially shaded ground. Fragaria vesca americana Porter. (F. americana Porter, Britton). Amer- ican Wood Strawberry—Usually in rich shaded ground. Frequent throughout. Ialdsteinia fragarioides (Michx.) Trattinick. Barren Strawberry. — Dry woods about Marquette. Specimen in herbarium of Miss Nellie M. Fairbanks, Marquette. Said to be plentiful. . Potentilla monspeliensis L. Rough Cinquefoil.—Dry open ground throughout mostly as a weed. Plentiful. Potentilla argentea 1, Silvery Cinquefoil—Dry barren open ground near Marquette. Probably frequent throughout. Potentilla palustris (.) Scop. (Comarum palustris L.). Marsh Cinque- foil—_Wet marshy and boggy places near Huron Mountain Club. Plenti- ful throughout. Potentilla fruticosa L. (Dasiphora friuticosa L., Rydb.). Shrubby Cin- quefcil—Wet or dry open ground often on sandy shores near Huron Moun- tain Club. Probably plentiful throughout. PLANTS OF Marquette County 29 Potentilla tridentata Ait. (Sibbaldiopsis tridentata Soland, Rydb.). Three-toothed Cinquefoil-—Dry open ground and on rocky hills near Hu- ron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. Potentilla Anserina 1. (Argentina Anserina L,., Rydb.). Silver-weed. —Usually in dry open ground not far from Lake Superior shore. It is a common plant in the Great Lakes region. : Potentilla canadensis 1. Common Cinquefoil—Dry sandy open ground near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Geum canadense Jacq. White Avens——Woods near Marquette. Prob- ably frequent throughout. Geum macrophyllum Willd. Large-leaved Avens.—Rich: shaded ground at Sugar Loaf Mountain, a large rocky hill near Marquette. Probably plen- tiful throughout. Geum strictum Ait. Yellow Avens.—Moist open ground near Huron Mountain Club. Common throughout. Geum rivale L. Purple Avens—Wet, usually partially shaded places near Marquette. Frequent throughout. ° ~ Rubus idaeus aculeatissimus (C. A. Mey.). Regel & Tiling. (R. strigo- sus Michx.). Wild Red Raspberry—Damp or dry, open or partially shaded ground. Common and often abundant throughout. Rubus parviflorus Nutt. White-flowering Raspberry. — Mostly open places in woods or rocky ground near Huron Mountain Club. Common and often abundant throughout. Rubus triflorus Richards. Dwarf Red Raspberry.—Wet or damp shaded places near Huron Mountain Club. Common throughout. Rubus allegheniensis Porter. High-bush Blackberry—Dry open ground or in thickets. Plentiful throughout. Scientific name taken from last edi- tion of Gray, page 480. Rubus villosus Ait. Dewberry.—Sandy open or partially shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. See Gray’s New Man- ual of Botany, 7 ed., 492. Agrimonia striata Michx. Britton’s Agrimony.— Damp rich shaded ground along small streams near Marquette. Probably frequent through- out. Rosa acicularis Lindl. Prickly Rose.—Dry partially shaded ground near Marauette. Plentiful throughout. Rosa blanda Ait. Meadow Rose.—Dry open or partially shaded ground and often on and near sandy shores. Common throughout, Rosa carolina L.. Swamp Rose.—Borders of swamps and streams near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Prunus virginiana L. (Padus nana Du Roi, Roemer). Choke Cherry. — In damp or dry, open or partially shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Common throughout. Prunus pennsylvanica L. f. Wild Red Cherry, Bird Cherry—Rocky hills near Huron Mountain Club. Usually grows as a tree from fifteen to twenty-five feet high, but on the summit of Huron Mountain and other * 30 C. K. DopcE rocky hills it is a mere shrub two to three feet high, although blooming and bearing fruit abundantly. Prunus pumila L,, Sand Cherry—Dry open or damp ground often on shores near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. LEGUMINOSAE Trifolium pratense L. Red Clover. — Roadsides, fields and in open woods. Plentiful throughout. An escape from cultivation. Trifolium repens L. White Clover—Along roads, in pastures and open woods. Abundant throughout. Individual plants large and vigorous. Trifolium hybridum L. Alsike Clover.—Roadsides, and in waste places of cities and villages throughout. Melilotus officinalis (L.) Lam. Yellow Sweet Clover.—Occasional in waste places of cities and villages throughout. Melilotus alba Desr. White Sweet Clover.—Occasional along roads and in waste places of cities and villages throughout. Medicago sativa I,. Alfalfa—Occasional in waste places about Mar- quette. Medicago lupulina 1,. Black Medic, Hop Clover.—Frequent in pastures, Jawns, and waste places of cities and villages. Vicia angustifolia (1,.) Reichard. Smaller Common Vetch.—Along rail- roads, in cultivated ground and especially about cities and villages. Plenti- ful throughout. Vicia angustifolia segetalis (Thuillier) Koch. Common Field Vetch.— Noted in one place on shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Appar- ently infrequent. Vicia Cracca lL. Tufted Vetch—Along railroads near Marquette. Ap- parently infrequent. Lathyrus maritimus (1,.) Bigel. Beach Pea—Common on and near sandy beach of Lake Superior. Often plentiful near Huron Mountain Club. Lathyrus palustris L. Marsh Vetchling—Damp open places through- out. Lathyrus palustris linearifolius Ser—Margins of woods and near base of rocky hills about Marquette. Probably frequent throughout. Lathyrus ochroleucus Hook. Cream-colored Vetchling—Rocky places about the lighthouse in Marquette. Plentiful. Probably to be found through- out. LINACEAE Linum usitatissimum 1, Common Flax.—Occasional along railroads and about freight yards and depot grounds in-cities and villages throughout. OXALIDACEAE Oxalis Acetosella 1,. Common Wood: Sorrel—In hardwoods often car- peting the ground. Abundant near Huron Mountain Club. Oxvalis corniculata L. Lady’s Sorrel—A weed in gardens, lawns and waste places of cities and villages. Scientific name taken from Gray’s New Manual of Botany, 7 ed., page 534. Piants of Marquette County 31 GERANIACEAE Geranium Bicknellii Britton. Bicknell’s Cranesbill—Open rocky ground in and about Marquette. Probably frequent throughout. POLYGALACEAE Polygala paucifolia Willd. Fringed Milkwort—Dry or rocky ground near, Marquette. Specimen in herbarium of Miss Nellie M. Fairbanks, Marquette. Probably frequent throughout. , EUPHORBIACEAE Euphorbia maculata L. (Chamaesyce maculata L., Small). Milk Purs- lane.—Waste places in Marquette. Probably frequent throughout. Euphorbia Cyparissias L. (Tithymalus cyparissias L., Hill). Cypress Spurge.—More or less in and about cities and villages throughout. Usually abundant in cemeteries. , CALLITRICH ACEAE Callitriche palustris L. Vernal Water Starwort——In shallow still water on margin of Independence Lake at Big Bay. Probably frequent through- out. ANACARDIACEAE Rhus glabra L. Smooth Sumach.—Rocky hills near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. ' Rhus Toxicodendron L. (Toxicodendron radicans L,., Kuntze). Poison Ivy.—Noted more or less throughout in sandy open ground, on or near lake shores, and rocky hills. AQUIFOLIACEAE Ilex verticillata (1..) Gray. Winterberry, Black Alder.—In low ground throughout. Frequent. Ilex verticillata tenuifolia (Torr.) Wats. (J. bronxensis Britton). Northern Winterberry—On border of Rush Lake and rocky sides of Can- yon Lake near Huron Mountain Club. Probably frequent throughout. Similar to the preceding but usually the berries are larger, not so numerous and an orange red. Nemopanthus mucronata (L.) Trel. Mountain Holly—Damp open or partially shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Probably frequent throughout. ACERACEAE Acer pennsylvanicum J, Striped Maple—In hardwoods near Huron Mountain Club. Probably frequent throughout. Often called snakewood. Acer spicatum Tam. Mountain Maple.—Moist woods and places near Huron Mountain Club. Common throughout. Acer saccharum Marsh. Sugar Maple——One of the important trees “making up the hardwood forests in Marquette County. Often the dominant tree and usually mixed with yellow birch and others. 32 C. K. Dopcr Acer saccharinum L. Silver Maple-—Not native in Marquette County, but apparently often planted in cities and villages as an ornamental tree. Acer rubrum L. Red Maple.—Rich woods with other trees, and some- times in dry sandy ground. In the latter habitat it is a shrub or small scraggy tree. Common throughout. Acer Negundo L. Box Elder.—Not native but occasionally set out as an ornamental tree in cities and villages. Not noted as escaping. SAPINDACEAE Aesculus Hippocastanum L. Horse-chestnut.—Occasionally set out as an ornamental tree in cities and villages. Not escaping. BALSAMINACEAE Impatiens biflora Walt. Spotted Touch-me-not—-Damp rich open or shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Abundant throughout. RHAMNACEAE Rhannus alnifolia L’Hér. Alder-leaved Buckthorn—Damp open or partially shaded places near Marquette. Probably frequent throughout. Ceanothus americanus L. New Jersey Tea—Gravelly open ground near Marquette. Apparently infrequent. VITACEAE. Psedera vitacea (Knerr) Greene. (Parthenocissus quinquefolia L., Planch.). Virginia Creeper, American Ivy.—Borders of hardwoods near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Vitis vulpina L. Riverside Grape.—Bank of Pine River at bridge near Huron Mountain Club. Not noted elsewhere. Apparently infrequent. TILIACEAE Tilia americana 1, Basswood.—Frequent in hardwoods throughout. Trees often very large. MALVACEAE Malva rotundifolia 1. Low Mallow.—Common as a weed in gardens and waste places of cities and villages throughout. ELYPERICACEAE Hypericum perforatum L. Common St. John’s-wort—Dry open ground in and about Marquette. Frequent throughout. Fypericum virginicum lL. (Triadenum virginicum L,., Raf.). Marsh St. John’s-wort—Marshy or swampy ground and often in water and on lake shores near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Prants oF Margurrte County 33 CISTACEAE Helianthemum canadense (L.?) Michx. (Crocanthemum canadense L., Britton). Rockrose, Long-branched Frostweed.— Sandy usually open ground near Huron Mountain Club. Probably frequent throughout. Hudsonia tomentosa Nutt. False Heather, Woolly Hudsonia—On and near sandy beach of Lake Superior near Huron Mountain Club. Probably frequent throughout. Lechea stricta Leggett. Bushy Pinweed.—Rocky ground on summit of Huron Mountain near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful. Probably to be found throughout. VIOLACEAE Viola cucullata Ait. Marsh Blue Violet—Wet open or partially shaded places near Huron Mountain Club. Common throughout. Viola nephrophylla Greene. Northern Bog Violet—Wet open or par- tially shaded places and along streams near Huron Mountain Club. Prob- ably frequent throughout. Viola papilionacea Pursh. Meadow Violet——Moist open or partially shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Probably frequent throughout. Viola septentrionalis Greene. Northern Blue Violet—Partially shaded alluvial ground along Salmon Trout River near Huron Mountain Club. Abundant. Probably to be found throughout. Viola Selkirkii Pursh. Selkirk’s Violet, Great-Spurred Violet—Damp shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. No doubt frequent throughout. Viola lanceolata 1, Lance-leaved Violet.— Open wet boggy places, moist meadow-like ground and often in wet sand on shores near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Viola pallens (Banks) Brainerd. Northern White Violet——In open or partially shaded wet, springy ground near Huron Mountain Club. Common throughout. Viola renifolia Gray. Kidney-leaved Violet—Rich shaded ground es- pecially in hardwoods, near Huron Mountain Club. Common throughout. Viola scabriuscula Schwein. (V. eriocarpa Schwein.) Smooth Yel- low Violet—Rich damp shaded ground especially in hardwoods near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Viola canadensis 1, Canada Violet—Shaded ground at Big Bay. Abun- dant. Probably to be found throughout. Viola conspersa Reichenb. American Dog Violet—Common in low shaded ground near’ Huron Mountain Club. Noted in particular on rocky ground about the lighthouse, Marquette. Frequent throughout.. Viola arvensis Murr. European Field Pansy, Wild Pansy—Sandy open ground in and about city of Marquette. Plentiful. Miss Nellie M. Fair- banks. CACTACEAE Opuntia Rafinesquii Engelm. (O. Iumifusa Raf.). Western Prickly Pear.—On rocks at or near summit of Huron Mountain near Huron Moun- tain Club. Plentiful. Miss Anne Russell, Detroit, Michigan. Reported on rocky hills about city of Marquette. 34 C. K. DopcE THYMELAEACEAE Dirca palustris L. Leatherwood.—Rich woods at Canyon Lake near Huron Mountain Club. Probably frequent throughout. ELAEAGNACEAE Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. (Lepargyraea canadensis L., Greene). Canadian Buffalo Berry—Dry or rocky open ground near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. ONAGRACEAE Ludvigia palustris (L.) Ell. (fsnardia palustris L.). Marsh Purslane. —Wet places and in shallow water near Marquette and Big Bay. Plentiful. Epilobinm angustifolium L. (Chamaenerion angustifolium L., Scop.). Great Willow-herb, Fireweed.—In low open or partially shaded ground and often in clearings. Plentiful throughout. Epilobium densum Raf. (E. lineare Muhl.). Linear-leaved Willow-herb. —Open low marshy ground near Marquette and Negaunee. Frequent. Epilobium adenocaulon Haussk. Northern Willow-herb. — Rich damp and usually open ground near Big Bay. Probably common throughout. Ocnothera biennis L. Common Evening Primrose——Usually in open dry and even in sandy places, especially on and near sandy beaches of Lake Superior. Frequent throughout. Circaea alpina L. Smaller Enchanter’s Night Shade-—Damp woods near Huron Mountain Club. Probably plentiful throughout. HALORAGIDACEAE Myriophyllum heterophyllum Michx. Various-leaved Water Milfoil.— In shallow water of Third Pine Lake, by the “Styx” near Huron Mountain Club. Probably frequent throughout. ARALIACEAE Aralia racemosa L. American Spikenard—Rich shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Aralia hispida Vent. Bristly Sarsaparilla—Dry or sandy open or par- tially shaded ground near Marquette and Big Bay. Probably frequent throughout. Aralia nudicaulis I, Wild Sarsaparilla—Rich shaded ground near Hu- ron Mountain Club. Common throughout. Panax quinquefolium L. Ginseng—Probably not growing wild at pres- ent in Marquette County. Should be looked for in rich woods. Cultivated at Big Bay by T. H. Carlson who is also attempting to plant it in nearby woods. Panax trifolium L. Dwarf Gingseng, Ground-nut.—Rich woods es- pecially rich alluvial ground along Salmon Trout River near Huron Moun- tain Club. Probably plentiful throughout. PLANTS OF MARQUETTE CouN’TY 35 UMBELLIFERAE Sanicula marilandica 1, Black Snake-root.—Rich shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club and at Big Bay. Common throughout. Osmorhiza Claytoni (Michx.) Clarke, Britton. (Washingtonia. Claytoni Michx.). Woolly Sweet Cicely.—Rich shaded ground near Huron Moun- tain Club. Probably frequent throughout. Cicuta bulbifera L. Bulb-bearing Water Hemlock.—Wet swampy open places near Huron Mountain Club. _ Carum Carvi L. Caraway.—About dwellings, on roadsides and in waste places of cities and villages throughout. Frequent. Sium cicutaefoliwm Schrank. Hemlock Water Parsnip.—Wet muddy places near Big Bay. Plentiful throughout. Heracleum lanatum Michx. Cow Parsnip. — Damp open or shaded ground at Big Bay. Frequent throughout. CORNACEAE ° Cornus canadensis L. (Chamaepericlymenum canadense L., Asch. & Graebn.).. Dwarf Cornel, Dwarf Dogwood—Damp shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Common throughout. Cornus circinata L’Her (C. rugosa Lam.). Round-leaved Dogwood.— Shaded rocky ground about Sugar Loaf Mountain near Marquette. Plen- tiful throughout. Cornus Amomum Mill. Silky Cornel—Damp ground on margin of woods near Big Bay. Probably plentiful throughout. Cornus Baileyi Coult.'& Evans. Bailey’s Dogwood.—Open dry ground about Sugar Loaf Mountain near Marquette. Probably frequent throughout. Cornus stolonifera Michx. Red-osier Dogwood.—In wet places, often in damp sand near shores. Common throughout. Cornus paniculata L’Her. (C. femina Mill.). Panicled Dogwood. — Thickets, stream banks and borders of woods near Marquette. Common throughout. Cornus alternifolia L. f. Alternate-leaved Dogwood.—Borders of woods and banks of small streams near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent through- out. ERICACEAE Chimaphila wmbellata (L.) Nutt. Pipsissewa, Prince’s Pine-—Dry woods near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Pyrola secunda L. One-sided Wintergreen—Rich woods near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. Pyrola elliptica Nutt. Shin Leaf.—Dry shaded ground especially in dry woods near Huron Mountain Club. Probably frequent throughout. Pyrola asarifolia Michx. Liver-leaf Wintergreen——Damp shaded ground about Sugar Loaf Mountain near Marquette. Probably frequent through- out. 36 C. K. Dopcr Pyrola asarifolia incarnata (Fisch.) Fernald. (P. uliginosa Torr.). Bog Wintergreen—Damp or boggy ground about Sugar Loaf Mountain near Marquette. Probably frequent throughout. Afonotropa uniflora 1, Indian Pipe—Rich usually shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. No doubt common throughout. Ledum groenlandicum Oeder. Labrador Tea—In boggy places and damp thickets near Huron Mountain Club. Common throughout. Kalmia polifolia Wang. Pale Laurel—Boggy open ground near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Andromeda glaucophylla Link. Bog Rosemary.—Boggy places and wet shores near Huron Mountain Club. Common throughout. Chamaedaphne calyculata (L.) Moench. Leather-leaf—Open boggy ground near Huron Mountain Club. Common throughout. Epigaca repens 1, Trailing Arbutus, May Flower.—Sandy ground, mostly under pines in the vicinity of the Huron Mountain Club, where it is abundant. Common throughout. Gaultheria procumbens Ll. Wintergreen, Checkerberry— Usually in dry sandy shaded ground, sometimes in sphagnum swamps. Abundant near Huron Mountain Club and common throughout. Arctostaphylos Uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. (Uva-ursi Uva-ursi L., Britton). Red Bearberry, Bearberry.— Sandy shores and rocky hills near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. Chiogenes hispidula (1..) T. & G. Creeping Snowberry—Damp woods and boggy ground near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Gaylussacia baccata (Wang.) C. Koch. Black Huckleberry —Usually in shaded sandy ground near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. Vaccinium pennsylvanicuin Lam. (V. angustifolium Ait.). Low Sweet Blueberry, Blueberry—Dry sandy open or partially shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Common throughout. Vaccinium pennsylvanicum nigrum Wood. (V. nigrum Wood, Britton). Low Black Blueberry.—-Usually associated with the above species in small. or large patches. Frequent throughout. Vaccinium canadense Kalm. Canada Blueberry—Dry, swampy, open or partially shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Common throughout. Often growing with and near the preceding. Vaccinium membranaceum Dougl. Thin-leaved Bilberry—Damp shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Apparently infrequent. In Chippewa County known as rabbit berry. Berries large black slightly acid but very palatable. Vaccinium ovalifoliun Sm. Oval-leaved Bilberry.—Rich woods near Huron Mountain Club. Apparently infrequent. Known in Chippewa County near Whitefish Point, as myrtilloid berry. Berry medium sized blue, slightly acid, but very palatable. Vaccinium Oxycoccos L. (Oxycoccos oxycoccos L., MacM.). Small Cranberry —Borders of and open places in tamarack-black spruce swamps. Probably frequent throughout. PLANTS OF Marguettsé County 37 Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait. (Oxycoccus macrocarpus Ait., Pursh). American Cranberry—In boggy and swampy places throughout. Plentiful. Often cultivated. PRIMULACEAE Lysimachia terrestris (L.) BSP. Bulb-bearing Loosestrife. — Low marshy open ground near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Lysimachia Nummularia L. ‘Moneywort.—A weed in lawns and waste places, Marquette. Probably to be found throughout. An escape from cul- tivation. Lysimachia. thyrsiflora L. (Naumburgia thyrsiflora L., Duby.). Tufted Loosestrife. --- Wet swampy places, often in shallow water near Huron Mountain Club. Common throughout. Trientalis americana (Pers.) Pursh. Star Flower—Rich shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Common throughout. OLEACEAE Fraxinus americana L. White Ash—Large trees along the Salmon Trout River near Huron Mountain Club, which are at present believed to be this species. No mature fruit or leaf specimens were secured. Noted June 2 and 7, 1917. Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh. Red Ash—About Rush Lake near Hu- ron Mountain Club. Apparently infrequent. Fraxinus pennsylvanica lanceolata (Borkh.) Sarg. Green Ash.— In damp ground or border of hardwoods and along streams near Huron Moun- tain Club. Frequent throughout. Fraxinus nigra Marsh. Black Ash—Swampy places and wet low banks of streams near Huron Mountain Club. Common throughout. Syringa vulgaris L. Common Lilac—Noted as escaping from cultiva- tion and persisting in dry sandy ground in Marquette. GENTIANACEAE Menyanthes trifoliata L,. Buckbean—lIn bogs and shallow water near -Huron Mountain Club. Common throughout. APOCYNACEAE Apocynum androsaemifolium L. Spreading Dogbane-—Dry open or partially shaded ground near Marquette. Frequent throughout. CONVOLVULACEAE Convolzulus sepium L. Hedge Bindweed.— Moist open places near i t. arcuette. Apparently infrequen a Duis arvensis 1. Field Bindweed.—In waste places in and about cities and villages throughout. Noted in particular at Big Bay and in Mar- quette. 38 C. K. DopcE BORAGINACEAE Cynoglossum officinale L. Hound’s Tongue.—Roadsides near Big Bay. Probably occasional throughout. Lappula echinata Gilibert. (L. lappula L., Karst.). European Stickseed. —Roadsides and waste places about cities and villages as a weed throughout. LABIATAE Scutellaria lateriflora 1. Mad-dog Skullcap—Damp shaded ground near Marquette. Frequent throughout. Scutellaria galericulata L. Marsh Skullcap.—Wet ae places near Huron Mountain Club. Common throughout. Nepeta Cataria I, Catnip.—As an ocasional weed in waste places of cities and villages throughout. Nepeta hederacea (l..) Trevisan. (Glecoma hederacea L.). Ground Ivy.—A weed in lawns and waste places of cities and villages. Frequent throughout. Prunella vulgaris L. Self-heal_—Roadsides and margins of woods near Marquette. Frequent throughout. Galeopsis Tetrahit L Hemp Nettle—Roadsides, borders of woods and in waste places in and near Marquette. Probably frequent throughout. Leonurus Cardiaca Ll. Motherwort—A weed in gardens and waste places in and about cities and villages throughout. Monarda mollis L. Pale Wild Bergamot.—Dry open ground about Sugar Loaf Mountain near Marquette. Apparently infrequent. Hedeoma hispida Pursh. Rough Pennyroyal—Dry open ground near Marquette. Apparently infrequent. Lycopus uniflorus Michx. Northern Bugle Weed.—Low damp open or partially shaded ground near Marquette. Probably frequent throughout. Lycopus americanus Muh]. Cut-leaved Water Hoarhound.—Damp open or shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Common throughout. Mentha arvensis L. Corn Mint—As a weed in waste places of cities and villages. Frequent throughout. Mentha arvensis canadensis (L.) Briquet. (M. canadensis L.). Amer- ican Wild Mint—Damp open or shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Common throughout. Mentha arvensis lanata Piper. Woolly Wild Mint——Damp sandy ground at Big Bay. Plentiful. Large and vigorous. Probably frequent through- out. SOLANACEAE Solanum Dulcamara L,. Climbing Nightshade.—Occasional in and about cities and villages throughout. Known in Europe as bittersweet. Solanum nigrum L. Garden Nightshade, Deadly Nightshade—Noted as a weed in gardens in cities and villages throughout. PLants oF Marguerre County 39 SCROPHULARIACEAK Verbascum Thapsus L. Common Mullein—A weed along railroads, in pastures, fields, and about cities and villages. Common throughout. Linaria vulgaris Hill. (Llinaria L., Karst.). Butter and Eggs—A weed in gardens and waste places of cities and villages. Plentiful throughout. Collinsia parviflora L. (C. tenella Pursh, Piper). Small-flowered Coll- insia—Summit of Huron Mountain in cracks and crevices of rocks. Plen- tiful. B. Gladewitz. A small plant and easily overlooked. Probably fre- quent in similar situations. Scrophularia leporella Bicknell. Hare Figwort.—Rich open or partially shaded ground near Marquette. Probably frequent throughout. Chelone glabra L. Snake-head, Turtle-head—Damp usually partially shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Mumnulus ringens L. Square-stemmed Monkey Flower. Wet open ground near Huron Mountain Club. Common throughout. Veronica americana Schwein. American Brooklime—Along brooks, in ditches and other wet places near Huron Mountain Club. Common through- out. Veronica serpyllifolia L. Thyme-leaved Speedwell—Damp or dry grassy open ground. Plentiful throughout. Veronica peregrina L. Purslane Speedwell—Noted only as a garden or street weed in Marquette and Negaunee. Plentiful. Melampyrum lineare Lam. Narrow-leaved Cow Wheat.—Dry shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. LENTIBULARIACEAE Utricularia vulgaris aincricana Gray. (U. macrorhiga Le Conte). Great- er Bladderwort.—Ponds and slow streams near Huron Mountain Club. Probably frequent throughout. Utricularia intermedia Hayne. Flat-leaved Bladderwort—Usually in shallow water of marshy and swampy places near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout, Utricularia cornuta Michx. (Stomoisia cornuta Michx., Raf.). Horned Bladderwort—Sandy shores of small lakes near Huron Mountain Club. Probably frequent throughout. PHRYMACEAE Phryma Leptostachya L. Lopseed.— —Moist shaded ground near Turin. Apparently infrequent. Reported in the Michigan Flora. PLANTAGINACEAE Plantago major L. Common Plantain—Lawns and waste places in cities and villages throughout. Plantago Rugelii Dene. Rugel’s Plantain——Along railroads, on road- sides, in fields and waste places of cities and villages. *‘Plentiful throughout. Plantago lanceolata L,. English Plantain.—Occasional as a weed in fields and waste places of cities and villages throughout. Often a vicious field weed. 40 C. K. Dopcr RUBIACEAE Galium trifidum L. Small Bedstraw—Wet marshy places near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Galium Claytoni Michx. Clayton’s Bedstraw.— Damp and swampy places near Marquette. Probably frequent throughout. Galium tinctorium L. Stiff Marsh Bedstraw.—Damp shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Galium asprellum Michx. Rough Bedstraw.— Damp shaded ground mostly along streams near Huron Mountain Club. Common throughout. Galium triforum Michx. Sweet-scented Bedstraw.—Rich shaded ground especially in woods near Huron Mountain Club. Common throughout. _Mitchella repens ,. Partridge Berry—Dry woods near Huron Moun- tain Club. Common throughout. CAPRIFOLIACEAE Diervilla Lonicera Mill. (D. diervilla L., MacM.). Bush Honeysuckle. —Dry sandy open or partially shaded ground about Marquette. Common throughout. Lonicera tatarica L. ‘Tartarian Honeysuckle——Rocky ground about the lighthouse at Marquette. Apparently infrequent. An escape from cultiva- tion. Lonicera canadensis Marsh. American Fly Honeysuckle—In woods throughout the county. Common. Lonicera oblongifolia (Goldie) Hook. Swamp Fly Honeysuckle.—Wet swampy ground near Huron Mountain Club. Probably frequent through- out. Lonicera Caprifolium L. Perfoliate Honeysuckle-—Sandy or rocky ground in and about Marquette. An escape from cultivation. Miss Nellie M. Fairbanks. Lonicera hirsuta Eat. Hairy Honeysuckle-—Damp mostly shaded ground and in rocky places near Marquette. Frequent throughout. Lenicera dioica L. Smooth-leaved Honeysuckle.—Dry open or partially shaded ground and in rocky places near Marquette. Probably frequent throughout. Symphoricarpos racemosus Michx. Snowberry.—Dry rocky places in and about Marquette. Probably frequent throughout. Symphoricarpos racemosus laevigatus Fernald. Garden Snowberry.— Sandy open ground in Marquette. An escape from cultivation. Linnaea borealis americana (Forbes) Rehder. Twin Flower.—Borders of damp woods or in rocky places near Huron Mountain Club. Common throughout. ; Viburnum Opulus americanum Ait. (V. opulus L.). High Bush Cran- berry, Cranberry Tree—Borders of damp woods and along streams near Marquette and Big Bay. Frequent throughout. Viburnum acerifolium L. Maple-leaved Arrow-wood.—Rocky woods about Marquette. Frequent throughout. PLaAnts oF Marguette County 41 Viburnum Lentago L.. Nannyberry.—Rich woods and banks of streams near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Sambucus canadensis I, Sweet Elder, Black-berried Elder.—Noted near railroad at Birch in rich open ground. Probably frequent throughout but not so plentiful as the following. Sambucus racemosa L. Red-berried Elder—Rich open or shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Common throughout. : CUCURBITACEAE Echinocystis lobata (Michx.) T. & G. (Micrampelis lobata Michx., Greene). Wild Balsam-apple—Rocky bluffs along Lake Superior in Mar- quette. Apparently an escape from cultivation. CAMPANULACEAE Campanula rotundifolia L. Harebell, Bluebell—Sandy shores and open rocky places near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Campanula aparinoides Pursh. Marsh Bellflower.—Wet, grassy, open ground near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. LOBELIACEAE Lobelia Dortmanna L. Water Lobelia—Shallow water of Rush Lake near Huron Mountain Club. Abundant. Perhaps to be found in other lakes of the county. COMPOSITAE Eupatorium purpureum L. Joe Pye Weed—Low ground mostly on bor- ders of woods and thickets near Marquette and Big Bay. Frequent through- out. Eupatorium purpureum maculatum (L.) Darl. CE. maculatum L.). Spotted Joe Pye Weed—Wet marshy places near Marquette and Negau- nee. Frequent throughout. Eupatorium perfoliatum L. Common Thoroughwort, Boneset—Low usually open ground near Huron Mountain Club. Plentiful throughout. Solidago hispida Muhl. Hairy Goldenrod.—Dry sandy open or partially shaded ground near Marquette. Common throughout. Solidago Randii (Porter) Britton. Rand’s Goldenrod.—On and near sandy beach of Lake Superior and rocky summit of Huron Mountain near Huron Mountain Club. Probably frequent throughout. Solidago uliginosa Nutt. Bog Goldenrod.—Wet, open ground near Hu- ron Mountain Club. Probably plentiful throughout. Solidago canadensis L. Canada Goldenrod.—Rich open ground and .in thickets near Marquette. Frequent throughout. Solidago altissina L. Tall Goldenrod—Rich open ground near Big Bay. Probably frequent throughout. — Solidago serotina Ait. Late Goldenrod.—Rich open ground or in thick- ets along Salmon Trout River near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. 42 C. K. DopcE Solidago graminifolia (L.) Salisb. (Euthamia graminifolia L., Nutt.). Flat-topped Goldenrod.—Moist open ground near Huron Mountain Glub, Common throughout. Aster macrophyllus L. Large-leaved Aster—Rich shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent, often abundant, throughout. Aster laevis l.. Smooth Aster—Dry open or partially shaded ground near Marquette. Probably plentiful throughout. Aster lateriflorus (1,.) Britton. Calico Aster—Border of woods and in thickets near Marquette. Common throughout. Aster Tradescanti l. Tradescant’s Aster—lLow open or partially shad- ed ground near Marquette. Common throughout. Aster puniceus L. Red-stalk Aster-—Damp open or partially shaded ground near Marquette. Frequent throughout. Erigeron philadelphicus L. Philadelphia Fleabane, Field Daisy.—Occa- sional in and about cities and villages as a weed. Often a field weed. Erigeron annuus (1..) Pers. Sweet Scabious.—As an occasional weed only in and about cities and villages throughout. Erigeron ramosus (Walt.) BSP. Daisy Fleabane.—Roadsides, fields, pastures and waste places throughout. Frequent. Erigeron canadensis L. (Leptilon canadense L,., Britton). Horseweed. —A weed throughout in fields, gardens, pastures and waste places. Often abundant. Antennaria canadensis Greene. Canadian Cat’s Foot—Dry mostly open ground near Marquette. Probably frequent throughout. Antennaria fallax Greene. Large-leaved Cat’s Foot.—Summit of Huron Mountain, on rocky ground, near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent through- out. & Antennaria neodioica Greene. Smaller Cat’s Foot.—Rich open or par- tially shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Frequent throughout. Anaphalis margaritacea (L.) B. & H. Pearly Everlasting-—Dry open or partially shaded ground near Huron Mountain Club. Abundant through- out. Gnaphalium decurrens Ives. Clammy Everlasting—Fields, pastures, roadsides, usually in dry open ground throughout the county. Gnaphalinm uliginosum L. Low Cudweed.—Damp or dry open ground in fields and roadsides about Marquette and Big Bay. Frequent throughout. Adenocaulon bicolor Hook. Adenocaulon.—Rich open woods at or near foot of Huron Mountain near Huron Mountain Club. Apparently infrequent. Ambrosia trifida L. Great Ragweed.—Noted as a weed in Marquette and at Big Bay. Probably frequent throughout in cities and villages. Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. (A. elatior L.). Common Ragweed.—A com- mon weed of cultivated grounds, and in and about cities and villages throughout. Ambrosia psilostachya DC. Western Ragweed—A weed noted in waste places of Marquette, Negaunee and Ishpeming. Becoming frequent. Rudbeckia hirta L.. Yellow Daisy, Black-eyed Susan.—Dry open ground near Marquette. Probably frequent throughout. PLANTS OF Marguerte County 43 Helianthus annuus L. Common Sunflower.—Rubbish heaps in Mar- quette. Perhaps not a permanent escape. Helianthus tuberosus 1. Jerusalem Artichoke.—Occasional in waste places about Marquette, Negaunee, and Ishpeming. An escape from culti- vation. Bidens frondosa 1. Beggar-ticks——Damp open ground about Marquette. Probably common throughout. Bidens cernua L. Nodding Bur-marigold—Wet open ground near Mar- quette. Probably frequent throughout. Achillea Millefolinm L. Common Yarrow.-—Common as a weed in fields, pastures, on roadsides and in waste places, throughout the county. Anthemis Cotula L. May Weed.—About farm dwellings, on roadsides, and in waste places of cities and villages throughout. Chrysanthemum Leucanthemum pinnatifidium Lecog & Lamotte. Ox- eye Daisy.—As a weed in fields, meadows, along railroads and on roadsides throughout. As a field weed becoming too frequent. Tanacetum vulgare L. Common Tansy.—On roadsides and in waste places near cities and villages throughout. Tanacetum huronense Nutt. Lake Huron Tansy.—Sandy beach of Lake Superior above Marquette. Apparently infrequent in this county. Artemisia caudata Michx. Tall Wormwood.—Sandy beach of Lake Su- perior throughout. Often plentiful. F Artemisia biennis Willd, Biennial Wormwood.—Waste places in Mar- quette. Apparently infrequent. Introduced from the west. Petasites palmatus (Ait.) Gray. Palmate-leaf Sweet Coltsfoot —Damp shaded ground near Marquette. Probably frequent throughout. Erechtites hieracifolia (L.) Raf. Fireweed—Moist open or shaded ground near Big Bay. Probably frequent throughout. Senecio aureus L. Golden Ragwort—Wet open or partially shaded ground near Marquette. Probably frequent throughout. Arctium minus Bernh. Common Burdock—A weed well distributed and in various situations throughout the county. Cirsium lanceolatum (L.) Hill. Common Bull Thistle—In pastures, waste places and on roadsides. Frequent throughout. Cirsium Pitcheri (Torr.) T. & G. Pitcher’s Thistle—Sandy beach of Lake Superior. Apparently infrequent in this county. Cirsium discolor (Muhl.) Spreng. Field Thistle—Rich open or par- tially shaded ground near Marquette. Probably frequent throughout. Cirsium muticunt Michx. Swamp Thistle-——Wet open or partially shaded ground near Marquette. Frequent throughout. Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. Canada Thistle—Cultivated grounds road- sides, waste places, and along railroads. Becoming too common throughout. Tragopogon porrifolius L. Oyster Plant.—Along railroads and in waste places of cities and villages. An escape from cultivation. Tragopogon pratensis I, Yellow Goat’s-beard—In and about depot grounds and freight yards of cities and villages and along railroads. Ap- parently frequent throughout. 44 C. K. DopcE Taraxacum officinale Weber. (Leontodon taraxacum L.). Common Dan- delion Very common in pastures and fields throughout. Sonchus arvensis L. Field Sow Thistle—About depot grounds and freight yards in cities and villages and along railroads. Frequent through- out. Sonchus oleraceus I, Common Sow Thistle—In gardens, fields and waste places as a weed. Plentiful throughout. Sonchus asper (L.) Hill. Spiny-leaved Sow Thistle—A weed in culti- vated grounds and waste places of cities and villages. Plentiful throughout. Lactuca scariola integrata Gren. & Godr. Entire-leaved Prickly Lettuce. —Becoming frequent in cultivated grounds and waste places of cities and villages throughout. 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