ah ai wa Mee vy MT CA Mnba ia eR rake kat ata ae vi SAAS Wy iatnt fe bs ity ete, Af 4 Mid rr 4,3, cae Ws MED Det eee» iba et fois Sesh ules Te oe Axe tify rays i ROT ll in elim ty anette AAU iota oll ate if sal ites ee Minin it Ge ALBERT R. MANN LIBRARY AT CORNELL UNIVERSITY ell University Library Beautiful and rare trees & plants. Cornell University Bleria The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924002821068 This Edition consists of Three Hundred Copies. No. 163 BEAUTIFUL AND RARE TREES & PLANTS. WITH SEVENTY ILLUSTRATIONS FROM PHOTOGRAPHS TAKEN AT CASTLEWELLAN BY THE EARL ANNESLEY. Oh, how’canst thou renounce the boundless store Of charms which Nature to her votary yields ! The warbling woodland, the resounding shore, The pomp of groves, and garniture of fields ; All that the genial ray of morning gilds, And all that echoes to the song of even, All that the mountain’s sheltering bosom shields, And all the dread magnificence of heaven, Oh, how canst thou renounce, and hope to be forgiven ! LONDON: PUBLISHED AT THE OFFICES OF “COUNTRY LIFE,” TAVISTOCK STREET, COVENT GARDEN, W.C., ann spy w& 2 GEORGE NEWNES, Lrtp., SOUTHAMPTON STREET, STRAND, W.C. NEW YORK: CHARLES SCRIBNER’S SONS. [ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.] PREFACE Ir the reader is as fond of his garden as I am of mine, I hope that he will look with kindly eyes on this collection of photographs of beautiful and rare trees and plants. How it came to be made was in this way. Last year the Royal Horti- cultural Society of London did me the honour to ask me to send them a paper on ornamental trees and shrubs for their Journal, and suggested that some photographs should accom- pany it. It was such pleasant work taking the likenesses of plants, most of which I had planted myself, and tended for years with much care, that I kept adding to the number, until this book was the result. It required perhaps some audacity to add another to the many books on gardening which have appeared lately, but I am assured by those who ought to know, that there are now such numbers of people who are interested in this delightful pursuit, that there is room for even one more. As far as I am aware there is no work hitherto published which gives representations of the trees and plants themselves, and it is evidently an advantage to be able to supplement the description by a reference to the sun picture, which must be absolutely true to nature. In the brief notes which were 3 required to describe the prints, I have tried to say what was necessary in the simplest language possible, carefully avoiding all long-winded botanical words and nearly all synonyms ; and I venture to hope that by showing what an infinite number of beautiful things can be grown in our gardens, I may perhaps add a few more to the number of those who enjoy what is to my mind one of the purest and most delightful pleasures of life, I mean the enjoyment of a garden. Whenever I read in the gardening papers the description of a new plant (which by the way is generally conveyed in technical language totally unintelligible to the general public), I always want to see a photograph of it: one glance at that is quite sufficient, and tells me all I want to know about it. I hope, therefore, that these photographs may be of some interest to many people who are fond of their gardens. I may add that they were all taken in the garden and pleasure grounds at Castlewellan. The illustrations are by the well- known firm of Messrs. Hudson & Kearns, and I think they have been very successful in their reproductions of my photographs. CASTLEWELLAN August, 1903 CONTENTS Cupressus Lawsoniana . Lomatia pinnatifolia . Nandina domestica Abies Veitchii Stephanandra flexuosa . Bambusa Metake, or Arundinaria japonica Plagianthus betulinus Abies Numidica . Pittosporum Mayii ; Glyptostrobus heterophyllus, or edi hetero- phyllum Rhus Toxicodendron, or Poison ivy . Abies concolor, var. Lowiana. Plagianthus Lyallii Araucaria imbricata Acer palmatum atropurpureum . Abies bracteata Eucryphia pinnatifolia Dacrydium Franklinii Picea pungens Kosteri Brachyglottis repanda Picea Smithiana, or Morinda Pittosporum Colensoi Cupressus nootkatensis Picea excelsa, var. Clanbrassiliana . Quercus acuta Pittosporum eugenioides Tsuga Mertensiana, var. Hookeriana. Picea Alcockiana, var. acicularis Abies magnifica . Rhododendron arboreum Laricopsis Kaempferi . Picea polita Cupressus macrocarpa Thuia japonica. Daphniphyllum glaucescens Pinus Montezumz Sequoia sempervirens adpressa, or albo-spica Phormium tenax variegatum . Abies homolepis Cordyline indivisa vera . Cryptomeria japonica . Sciadopitys verticillata . Cupressus Lawsoniana, var. lutea Picea orientalis Juniperus recurva Cupressus Nootkatensis lutea Abies Nordmanniana . Cupressus macrocarpa, var. lutea . 6 PAGE Retinispora, or Cupressus obtusa aurea Tsuga Albertiana . Abies concolor, var. violacea Thuia dolabrata Idesia polycarpa . Pittosporum undulatum : Taxodium distichum pendulum, or Glyptostrobus pendulus Abies concolor . Fitzroya patagonica Libocedrus Chilensis . Cercidiphyllum japonicum Fagus cliffortioides : Podocarpus Andina, or Prumnopitys elegans Abies grandis Retinospora tetragona aurea, or Cupressus obtusa, var. filicoides aurea Thuia gigantea Abies Pinsapo Retinospora, or Cupressus obtusa densa Sequoia Gigantea Bambusa palmata . Vitis Thunbergii A List of Plants Hardy in the exten at enbesdiany Co. Down, 1903 Cupressus Lawsoniana Native of California and Oregon. Nat. Order : CoNIFER&. Tribe : CupRESSINE#. Cupressus Lawsoniana, Murray in Eaznd. Phil. Journ. n. s. 1. 2923 Hooker, fil., Bot. Mag. 5581 (1866); Sargent, ‘Silva N. Amer.” X. 119, t. 531 (1896); Veitch, Manual, ed. ii. 205 (1903); C. attenuata, Gordon “ Pinet,” ed. ii. 79 (1875). This beautiful evergreen tree has been so long known, and has been so extensively planted, that it is needless to say very much about it. Messrs. Lawson of Edinburgh introduced it in 1854 from North California, and I believe that if we might have only one conifer most people would decide to have this one, which is distinguished for the gracefulness of its habit, the beauty of its foliage, and for its absolute hardiness in all situations, while it will flourish in most soils, from sandy loam to pure peat. Plants raised from seed vary greatly both in colour and habit. It has been largely planted here, and there are many fine trees; the one figured is sixty-two feet high and eighty-four feet round. My friend the late Sir Victor Brooke, writing from California, says that “it is a very great tree, immensely thick, growing to perhaps two hundred feet in height, and the best lumber of all. I measured two, the trunk of one was forty-four feet in cir- cumference at four feet from the ground, the other sixty-six feet eleven inches. The stems of all the old trees are over thirty-five feet round.” CUPRESSUS LAWSONIANA. LOMATIA PINNATIFOLIA. Lomatia pinnatifolia Native Country ? Nat. Order: PRoTEACE2. Tribe: EMBoTHRINEA. Lomatia pinnatifolia, Hort, and supra. A very handsome and rare evergreen, either from Australia or Chile, probably the former, but I have not been able to find it in any book under this name, nor is it known either at Kew or at the Botanic Gardens of Trinity College Dublin, Glasnevin, Cambridge, or Edinburgh. Though it has flowered regularly, it has not as yet produced any fertile seed, and we have in vain tried to strike it from cuttings. I have been endeavouring to increase it for many years, so as to present it to those institutions, but without success. The leaves are deeply toothed, of a leathery texture, and dark green colour. The flowers, which are rosy red and white, are so completely hidden by the leaves that they are not visible from the outside at all. It is planted in peat and loam, and is so hardy that the severest frost and the most biting east winds do not affect it. The plant figured is now about twenty years old, and is nine feet high, with a circum- ference of twenty-seven feet at the largest part. Nandina domestica Natwe of Japan. Nat. Order: BERBERIDEA. Tribe: BERBEREA. 147 (1784) ; Nandina domestica, Thunberg, “ Fl. Jap.’ Bot. Mag. t. 1109 (1808). A native of both Japan and China. Nandin is the Japanese name. A most beautiful and graceful shrub, which requires to be planted in a sheltered situation to do it justice, in loam, leaf soil and well-rotted manure. The flowers are white, and are in large panicles, succeeded by a crop of berries which in its native country are said to be red, but here are of a paler colour. It is very interesting and ornamental in Spring, the young foliage being ofa delicate rosy tint. It usually flowers in Spring, but sometimes after a fine Autumn it flowers in Winter, which prevents its setting its fruit. It is well worth a choice place, if only for its distinct and graceful foliage. This is the sacred bamboo of the Japanese, though it is not a bamboo, nor the least like one. It was introduced about one hundred years ago, and for many years was cultivated as a greenhouse shrub. 10 NANDINA DOMESTICA. i ee mae ABIES VEITCHII, Abies Veitchii Native of Japan. Nat. Order : ConimFERa. Tribe : ABIETINE&. Abtes Vertchit, Lindley in Gard. Chron. 1861, p. 23; Veitch, Manual, ed. ii. 541 (1900); A. nephrolepis, Maximowicz in “ Bull. Acad. St. Petersb.” x. 485 (1866); Prcea Vertchiz, Gordon “ Pinet,” ed. ii. 226. Among the many good things for which we have to thank the famous firm of Veitch, I think this is one of the best. It is quite the most handsome of the silver firs, and cannot fail to attract the attention, from the contrast between the dark green of the upper surface of the leaf and the brilliant silvery colour of the under surface. When moved by the wind in sunshine this is very striking. It is an alpine tree, and was discovered by the late Mr. J. G. Veitch on Fuji-yama in 1860. It is perfectly hardy, as may be supposed from its native habitat, and bears cones in great profusion, so much so that it is necessary sometimes to reduce the number, or the tree may suffer. It thrives in the most exposed situations, the wind and storm seeming to have no bad effect on it. The tree figured was planted in 1894, and is now thirteen feet in height and thirty feet in circumference. II Stephanandra flexuosa Native of Japan. Nat. Order : Rosacea. Tribe: SPIRE. Stephanandra flexuosa, Siebold and Zuccarini in “‘ Abhand Acad. Muench,” iii. 738 (1843). A most delightful and graceful foliage shrub from Japan, which no garden should be without. A well-grown plant, is more like a huge fern than anything else, and is perfectly hardy. It produces its small white flowers in great profusion in July. Being of very free growth, it must have plenty of rich soil—half loam and half well-rotted manure is what it has here, and it makes shoots annually over two feet in length with that treatment. The foliage is of a yellowish- green colour, and sprays of it mix well with cut flowers; it requires hard cutting back to keep it in good shape, and well repays any attention given to it. This plant is eight feet high and rather more in diameter ; it is planted in a sheltered spot, quite protected from the prevailing wind. 12 STEPHANANDRA FLEXUOSA. BAMBUSA METAKE. Bambusa Metake or Arundinaria japonica Native of Japan. Nat. Order : GRAMINEA. Tribe: BAMBUSE&. Arundinaria japonica, Siebold and Zuccarini, ‘Syn. Plant. Gram.” 334 (1854); Lord Redesdale, “‘ Bamboo Garden,” 69 (1896) ; Bambusa Metake, Miquel. Japan is its native country. Within the last dozen years the importance of bamboos for improving and beautifying a garden has become fully recognised, and no one who has seen a collection of well-grown plants can deny their claim to the popularity they enjoy. I think they look best when planted in groups, and they give a tropical appearance to the garden that can be obtained from no other family of plants. Bam- boos are very gross feeders, and they should have plenty of manure, the richer and stronger the better, as it is impossible to over-feed them. To have them perfect, shelter is very necessary, and during the growing season liberal supplies of water and also of liquid manure are required. Bamdbusa Metake is one of the earliest bamboos introduced to our gardens, and although perhaps not quite so graceful as some of the others, it is still the very best for its vigorous growth and imposing appearance. According to Lord Redesdale its correct name is 4vundinaria japonica. 13 Plagianthus betulinus Natwe of New Zealand. Nat. Order: Matvacez. Tribe: MALVEz: Plagianthus betulinus, Canningham ex Hooker fil, “ Fl. N. Zeal.” i. 29 (1854); Kirk, “ Forest, Fl. N. Zeal.” 207, t. 103 (1889); Philippodendrum regiun, Poiteau, ‘Ann. Sc. Nat.” ser. 2, vol. viii. t. 3. Introduced into England in 1870. A remarkably graceful tree, which, as its name implies, bears a considerable likeness to the birch. It is a native of New Zealand, distributed generally over the Southern Island; it also occurs on Stewart Island and in the Chatham Islands. It is a very rapid grower. The leaves are small—not more than an inch long and half an inch wide. It grows from forty to sixty feet high in New Zealand, and I should not be surprised to see it attain that height in this country if in a fairly sheltered position. This specimen has not been in the garden very long, and it is already nearly twenty feet in height. 14 PLAGIANTHUS BETULINUS. ABIES NUMIDICA. Abies Numidica Native of Algiers. Nat. Order : ConIFERA. Tribe: ABIETINEA. Abtes numidica, De Lannoy, ex Carriére, in Rev. Hort. 1866, p. 106 ; Veitch, Manual, ed. ii. 529 (1900) ; A. baborensis, McNab in Proceed. R. Irish Acad. ii. ser. 2, p. 697 (1877); Picea numidica, Gordon “ Pinet,” ed. ii. 220, Although introduced more than forty years ago from the Algerian mountains, where it occurs at an altitude of from four to six thousand feet over the sea level, and even there is not at all common, this handsome tree is seldom to be met with in this country. It is said to be a slow grower, but it is planted here in well-drained loamy soil, fully exposed to the sun, and makes a foot of top growth yearly, the branches spreading well out on all sides and furnished to the ground. This specimen was planted in 1881, and has now reached a height of twenty-two feet, with a circumference of sixty-one feet. It is said not to exceed sixty feet in Algeria, a height which, from its present rate of growth, I should think it will eventually reach in this country. Needless to say, it is quite hardy. 15 Pittosporum Mayu Native country unknown. Nat. Order: PITTOSPOREA. Pittosporum Mayztt, Hort, ex Regel, “Cat. Plant. Hort. Aksakov,” 112. This fine exotic is said in the dictionary to be a green- house shrub, but I find it to be as absolutely hardy as anything in the garden. I have had it now for about thirty years, and have never lost a plant from wind or frost. I believe it comes from Australia. The close, dense habit of its growth and the bright colour of the evergreen foliage at once attract the eye in a collection of plants. It is a rapid grower, and, when young, requires to be gone over in the Spring for a few years to shorten the leading shoots and to give it body, for it is naturally of an upright habit. When it gets to be six or eight feet high and as much through, less pruning is required. At the end of April the scent of the small flowers, which are of a dark chocolate-purple and very abundant, may sometimes be distinguished quite forty yards from the plant. It smells strongly of honey. The seed is ripe in October, each capsule containing four. This plant is twenty feet high, and sixty feet in circumference. 16 PITTOSPORUM MAYII. GLYPTOSTROBUS H ETEROPHYLLUS. Glyptostrobus heterophyllus or Taxodium heterophyllum Native of China. Nat. Order: Conirer#z. Tribe: Taxopinea. Ghyptostrobus heterophyllus, Endlicher, “ Synops. Conif.” 69 (1847) ; Taxodium heterophyllum, Brongniart in “ Ann. Sc. Nat.” ser. 1, vol. xxx. 184 (1833); Veitch, Manual, ed. ii. 286 (1900). A most beautiful and graceful shrub from China, where it grows to a height of ten feet. It is deciduous, with light green, feathery foliage, which changes to yellow in autumn. Mr. Veitch informs me that “he believes it to be the rarest coniferous shrub which is known in British gardens,” the reason of its rarity being that it will not strike from cuttings, and it is difficult to procure stocks for grafting it. It is very late starting into growth, and when it has begun to move, about the beginning of May, copious supplies of water are a great assistance to it. It is perfectly hardy, having never been injured by the severest frost. It is planted in plain loam, and is five feet in height. 17 Rhus Toxicodendron or Poison ivy Native of North America and Japan. Nat. Order : ANACARDIACEA, Tribe: ANACARDIES. Rhus Toxicodendron, Linnzus, “ Sp. Plant,” i. 266 (1753); Loudon, “ Arb, et Frut. Brit.” ii. 556 (1838). A very beautiful climbing plant, rather like Asfelopsis tricuspidata, but smaller and more delicate in the foliage, which turns to a reddish-yellow in the autumn. Professor Sargent says, ‘‘ It is one of the common plants in all the central parts of Hondo and Yezo, where it grows to its largest size and climbs into the tops of the tallest trees.” From my experi- ence it is so exceedingly dangerous and poisonous that I doubt whether it should be allowed in any garden, at least where ladies and children can have access to it. After touching the leaves, in a short time the victim becomes aware of an irritation in the eyelids, which rapidly increases until it is almost intolerable; they become so swollen that they are almost closed, the rest of the face becomes gradually involved, the eruption and swelling always moving from the forehead downwards. Blisters form upon the surface and weep copiously like those of eczema; the glands of the neck become enlarged, and there is much difficulty in eating or even speaking. Last autumn we had the usual harvest service in the church here, and the ladies and children helped to decorate 18 RHUS TOXICODENDRON. it. Unfortunately they chose the poison ivy from the beauty of its colouring, to adorn the pulpit: one after another they became ill, some more and some less. The German gover- ness was confined to her bed for more than a week, and suffered horribly. One lady consulted a specialist for skin disease and was sent to Harrogate for three weeks for blood poisoning. I was seriously alarmed about it, when one day three of the under-gardeners were laid up with it, though very slightly. That settled the matter, it was Rhus Toxicodendron, and not blood poisoning at all! I heard a story of a lady living in the country who suffered every autumn from eczema and blood poisoning ; so bad was it that her husband thought the house unhealthy, and decided to leave it and take another: however, his wife was so fond of a very fine plant of Rhus which they had in the garden that she had it moved to the new house, and it was not till some time after that she discovered that it was the cause of her illness. It is curious that some people are not affected by it at all; but for those that are, the disease it produces is so terribly painful that the plant should be most carefully avoided. The only one in my garden that people could easily get access to, I have had taken up and burnt. Mrs. Tweedie in her travels in Mexico mentions that she was confined to her bed for fifteen days from poison ivy. She says, ‘“ The parasite grows generally in shady damp barrancas, it is most poisonous when in bloom ; then the pollen flies, and you may be poisoned without touching the plant. The Indians live in constant dread of approaching the creeper. The poison raises large lumps, red 19 and swollen like bites, pus forms, and a kind of blood poisoning sets in, attended by much pain and even danger.” I think it will be useful to give all the other names by which the plant is known. They are as follows :—Ampelopsts Hoggett. A.japonica. Rhus ambigua. R. japonica. R. vadt- cans. R. ternata. R. trifoliata. Toxtcodendron pubescens. 7. vulgare. 20 ABIES LOWII. Abies concolor, var. Lowiana Native of California. Nat. Order: ConiIFERA, Tribe: ABIETINEA. Abies concolor, var. Lowzana, Lemmon, ‘“‘ West Amer. Cone Bearers,” 64 (1895); Veitch, Manual, ed. ii. 503 (1900); A. Lowzana, Murray, in Proceed. R. Hort. Soc. iii. 317 (1863). This is another instance of the great variability of dzes concolor, noticed under the typical or Colorado form. It was introduced by Messrs. Low of Clapton in 1857 and was dis- tributed by them under the name of 4. Lowiaua, its close relationship to the Colorado type being unknown to them at the time. In Great Britain, as on its native mountains, it is a noble tree; at Castlewellan it is furnished with branches from the ground upwards, which spread horizontally in tiers one above the other with perfect regularity, and are clothed with foliage of a light lustrous green colour. It is one of the hardiest of the Californian conifers, and grows vigorously even in exposed situations. Nor is it in Great Britain alone that its usefulness as an ornamental tree has been proved. In the Eastern United States, where few of the West American conifers thrive, and also in Europe from Southern Scandinavia to Northern Italy, 4. coucoloy in one or other of its forms is one of the most handsome of garden conifers. 21 Plagianthus Lyallu Native of New Zealand. Nat. Order: Matvace”. Tribe: Mave. Plagianthus Lyallit, Hooker, fil., ““ Handb. N. Zeal. FI.” 30 (1867) ; Bot. Mag. t. 5935 (1871); Hoheria Lyalliz, Hooker, fil., “Fl, N, Zeal.” i. 31 (1854). Introduced from New Zealand in 1871. This is a very hand- some free-flowering shrub, and as it is quite hardy, deserves to be more common than it is. The flowers are pure white, with yellow anthers, and are produced in July and August on the ends of last year’s growth. The long flower stalks give the plant a graceful appearance ; being semi-deciduous it retains some of its leaves till the following spring. Itis of an upright habit, and the leading shoots require to be shortened back to keep it in shape. It is easily propagated by cuttings, and as it is a gross feeder I find it does well in a rich loam with a third of old mushroom manure. The leaves are two to four inches long, and are deeply crenated. 22 PLAGIANTHUS LYALLII. ARAUCARIA IMBRICATA. Araucaria imbricata Native of Southern Chile. Nat. Order : ConiFERa. Tribe : ARAUCARINE&. Araucaria imbricata, Pavon, in “ Mém. Acad. Madr.” i. 197 (1795); Veitch, Manual, ed. ii. 297 (1900) ; Colymbea imbricata, Carriere, “ Traité Conif.” ed. ii. 598. A native of Chile, where it grows to about a hundred feet high. The plant figured has not the stiff outline generally met with in vaucarias, as the branches are pendulous and sweeping to the ground. It is fifty-seven feet in height, and has a circumference of branches of eighty-two feet. As it has never shown any signs of coning, I suppose it is a male plant. I believe it is nearly perfect as regards shape. The reason the 4raucaria has the bad habit of losing its lower branches so often, is from poverty of the soil; and I have been told by a very experienced gardener who has charge of one of the finest collections of conifers in Great Britain, that he never fails to mulch the 4vaucarias every year, and with good results. I have given this tree as much as three cartloads of fresh cow manure at a time, well watered in with the hose, and it has greatly benefited both in vigour of growth and in its deep green colour. 23 Acer palmatum atropurpureum Native of Japan. Nat. Order: SaPInDACEA. Tribe: ACERINE. Acer palmatum, Thunberg, “Fl. Jap.” 162 (1784); Loudon, “Arb. et Frut. Brit.” i. 422 (1838) ; 4. polymorphum, Siebald and Zuccarini in “ Abhand. Acad. Muench.” iv. sec. 2, 158 (1845). Any one who has seen the Canadian woods in the fall of the year when the maples are first touched with the frost knows how glorious colour can be, but I have never seen even there anything finer than this Japanese maple when it turns scarlet a week or two before the leaf falls off. In the early Spring the foliage is blood red, and as the sun increases in power it changes toa dark purplish-green where the rays strike. It is quite hardy. Considering its wonderfully fine colour and its hardiness I cannot understand how it is that one hardly ever sees it grown even in the best gardens. At Kew there are but very few plants of it, and I am told it does not thrive there. It will not strike from cuttings, therefore it is easiest to propagate it by layering. For culture it requires to have the long shoots shortened at the end of January to induce a dense habit of growth. The soil we find best is loam, with a little spent mushroom manure and leaf soil added to it. 24 ACER PALMATUM ATROPURPUREUM ABIES BRACTEATA. Abies bracteata Native of South California. Nat. Order: ConIFERA. Tribe: ABIETINEA. Abies bracteata, Nuttall, ‘“‘ Sylva N. Amer.” iii. 137, t. 118 (1849); Hooker, W., Bot. Mag. t. 4740 (1853). Veitch, Manual, ed. ii., p. 494 (1900). Abies venusta, Sargent, “Silva N. Amer.” xii. 129, tt. 615, 616 (1898). Picea bracteata, Loudon, ‘“ Arb. et Frut. Brit.” iv. 2348 (1838). This is undoubtedly one of the finest and also the rarest of the silver firs. It was first discovered by Douglas on the Santa Lucia Mountains in Southern California, where it grows at elevations of about three thousand feet above the sea- level, and even there is very far from common; it is, in fact, gradually disappearing from its native habitat owing to the de- structive forest fires which occur occasionally in the dry season. When planted as it is here, on a sunny site with a full southern exposure, it makes a growth of about twenty inches annually. The leaves have an erect habit, and are of a dark rich green colour. It is byno means particular as to soil, and soon forms a fine tree well clothed to the ground with fine healthy branches. It is said to be sometimes injured by late frosts, but I have never had it touched in the least, and it appears to be as hardy as almost anything in the garden. It is well worthy of a place even in the most select collections. 25 Eucryphia pinnatifolia Native of Chrlt. Nat. Order: Rosacea. Tribe: QuILLAJEs. Eucryphia pinnatifolia, Gay, Fl. Chil. i. 352 (1845), Bot. Mag., t. 7067 (1889). A deciduous shrub of great beauty, with large pure white flowers and golden-yellow anthers; they are borne in pairs near the end of the branches, and rather remind one of the St. John’s Wort (Hypericum calycinum). It flowers in August and remains quite three weeks in bloom. It was introduced from Chili in the year 1860 and is perfectly hardy, never having been injured by the most severe frost. Itis a strong grower and well repays liberal treatment. The compost should consist of peat and loam in equal parts, with some spent mushroom manure. The plant photographed is ten feet high and thirty in circumference. It bore a fine crop of seed-pods in 1901, which it took fifteen months to ripen ; they proved fertile, and we have now several hundred seedlings. Hitherto it has been somewhat rare in this country from the difficulty of propagating it, as it does not strike readily from cuttings. Both on account of its hardiness and of its beauty I hope that it may soon become more common in our gardens. 26 EUCRYPHIA PINNATIFOLIA. DACRYDIUM FRANKLINII. Dacrydium Franklinu Native of Tasmania. Nat. Order: Taxacea. Tribe: TaxinE#. Dacrydium Franktinit, Hooker fil. in Lond. Journ. Bot. iv. 152 (1845); Veitch, Manual, ed. ii. 146 (1900). Introduced from Tasmania in 1844, it is usually looked upon as a half hardy tree; but I have had several of them for the last twenty years or more in the garden here, and they have never been the least affected or injured by the weather. I feel sure that it will be found to succeed in many gardens in this country. Perhaps it will never attain here to the size it reaches in Tasmania, where it is extensively used for ship building, and grows to a height of one hundred feet. Itisa dull green in colour, and the branches are pendulous. Its habit, as may be seen from the photograph, is somewhat peculiar, and unlike any other tree that I know. The timber is said to have an aromatic fragrance. It is planted in peat and loam. 27 Picea pungens Kosteri Native of the Rocky Mountams, North America. Nat. Order : ConiFERA. Tribe: ABIETINE#. Picea pungens Kosteri, Hort ; Picea pungens, Engelmann in Gard. Chron. xi. 334 (1879); Veitch, Manual, ed. ii. 441 (1900). So far as I know, this is the handsomest of the spruce firs. It originated in the nursery of Messrs. Koster, at Boskoop in Holland, about ten years ago. It is quite hardy, and will succeed in the most exposed situations. It makes a foot of top growth annually, and has a very regular shape, keeping well feathered to the ground. Its handsome blue-grey glaucous foliage and good shape render it a most desirable tree in a pleasure-ground, where it should have a place on the grass by itself. Height, seven feet ; circumference, twenty-three feet. 28 PICEA PUNGENS KOSTERI. BRACHYGLOTTIS REPANDA. Brachyglottis repanda Native of New Zealand. Nat. Order : ComposiIta. Tribe: SENECIONIDEA. Brachyglottts repanda, Forst.; Hook. f. “‘ Handb. New Zeal. Fl.” 163. Senecto Forstert, Schlecht. in ‘“ DC. Prod.” vi. 373. This very handsome, fine-foliaged shrub was discovered by Banks and Solander in 1769, and was called at different times Sofidago canescens, Eurybia Cunninghamit, and Senecio Forstert. The Maoris call it Hezetava. In New Zealand it becomes a small tree sometimes twenty-five feet high, with a trunk a foot or more in diameter. Except in the most favoured localities as regards climate, it cannot be recom- mended for general planting in this country, as it is liable to be injured and even killed by severe frost. Its beauty con- sists in the bold, massive leaves, which are nine inches long and six inches across. The under side of the leaf is white, and the upper a pale green, the leaves being deeply indented. It is a vigorous grower in good soil, and where the climate is too severe for it to remain in the open, it is worthy of a place under glass during the winter, as it gives a fine sub-tropical appearance to the garden when planted out in summer. It does well here, the largest one being eight feet in height and eighteen feet in circumference. 29 Picea Smithiana or Morinda Native of the Himalayan Regron. Nat. Order: ConmIFER. Tribe: ABIETINE&. Picea Smtthiana, Boissier, ‘‘ Fl. Orient.” v. 699 (1884); Veitch, anual, ed. ii. 454 (1900); P. Morinda, Link in ‘ Linnea,” xv. 522 (1841) ; Abies Smithiana, Loudon, “ Arb. et Frut. Brit.” iv. 2317 (1838); A. Khutrow, Loudon, “ Encycl. Trees,” 1032 (1842). A. Morinda, Hort. Is a native of the Himalayan mountains, where it grows up to an elevation of ten or eleven thousand feet. It is un- doubtedly one of the handsomest of all the spruces, both from its regular pyramidal shape and the luxuriant growth of tassel-like branchlets which hang down vertically and give the tree a most graceful appearance. It is a quick grower, and makes here a leader sometimes of more than two feet in length in the season. It does best in good, rich, well-drained loam ; and from its light grey-green colour it is most distinct among the darker trees by which it is usually surrounded. The height of this plant is thirty-five feet, with a circumference of sixty-seven feet. It was raised from seed sent to me from the Himalayas in 1868. Thus its rate of growth appears to be about a foot each year. It was named by Dr. Wallich, the eminent Indian botanist, in compliment to Sir J. E. Smith, first President of the Linnzean Society of London. 30 PICEA MORINDA. PITTOSPORUM COLENSOI. Pittosporum Colensoi Native of New Zealand. Nat. Order: Pirrosrporea. Puttosporum Colensoz, Hooker, fil., “ Fl. N. Zeal.” i. 22 (1854). For several winters I kept this lovely New Zealand shrub under glass, thinking from its delicate appearance that it would not survive in the open air; but I was agreeably surprised on trying it outside to find it so perfectly hardy that it can be planted in the most exposed parts of the garden. It is a fast grower, making shoots two feet long in the season. The leaves are small and of a colour somewhat difficult to describe (perhaps a light silvery green is as near as one can express it), and contrast well with the deep black stems. In New Zealand it grows to thirty feet high, and is planted near the coast as a wind break, for it resists the strongest gales. It does not transplant well when it gets large, as it makes but few fibrous roots; however with care I have moved plants eight feet high with success. It requires pruning in Spring to keep it in shape. It is named after a forest conservator in New Zealand, and not after the Bishop. From its brilliant colour and graceful habit I think it one of the gems of the garden. 31 Cupressus nootkatensis Native of British N. W. America. Nat. Order ; ConrIFERA. Tribe : CUPRESSINEA, Cupressus Nootkatensis, Don in Lambert's “ Genus Pinus,” ii. 18 (1824); Sargent, “ Silva N. Amer.” x. 115, t. 530 (1896); Veitch, J/anual, ed. ii. 217 (1900) ; Chamecyparis Nutkaénsis, Spach, ‘ Hist. Veg. Phan.” xi. 332 (1842); Zhusopszs borealzs, Fischer, ex Carriére, “ Traité Conif.” ed. i. 113 (1855). Was discovered on the shores of Nootka Sound in 1793, but was only introduced into this country in 1850, when it was called Thujopsis borealis. It occurs in Alaska and British Columbia from the sea shore up to an elevation of 3000 feet. It is one of the most valuable trees in North-West America for its timber, being excellent for the manufacture of furniture, and taking a beautiful polish. As may be supposed, from its native country, it is absolutely hardy, and is never injured here in the coldest situation and in the severest winter. In British Columbia it forms a straight-stemmed tree a hundred feet in height. As may be seen from the photograph, it is very symmetrical in shape, and the colour is a dark glossy green. The specimen figured was planted in the garden here thirty years ago, and it is now thirty-three feet in height, having a circumference of branches of ninety-seven feet. 32 Bei, Ar BA | cee i. Bi y ee es Moe fee leat athe CUPRESSUS NOOTKATENSIS. PICEA CLANBRASSILIANA. Picea excelsa, var. Clanbrassiliana Nat. Order: Conirera. Tribe: ABIETINEA. Picea excelsa, var. Clanbrasstiiana, Carriére, “ Traité Conif.” ed. ii. 334 ; A btes excelsa, var. Clanbrassttiana, Loudon, ‘‘Arb. et Frut. Brit.” iv. 2294. A dwarf spruce fir, forming a low, round bush, four feet high and as much through. The branches are short and densely packed, with needle-shaped leaves of a light glaucous hue, It has a compact and pretty appearance, and is very suitable for planting out in a rockery. The plant figured is over a hundred years old and is quite healthy. It thrives in a light loamy soil, and never attains a height of five feet. It was named after Lord Clanbrassil, who first discovered it in his beautiful demesne of Tullymore, in the county of Down, now the seat of the Earl of Roden, and the original plant is still to be seen there. 33 Quercus acuta Native of Japan. Nat. Order: CupPuLIFERA. Tribe : QUERCINEA. Quercus acuta, Thunberg, “Fl. Jap.” 175 (1784); Q. Buergerz, Blume, “ Mus. Bot. Gard. Buitenzorz,” i. 299. This evergreen is a most distinct and valuable introduction from Japan. The leaves are of a shining green, nearly four inches long by two across: it is one of the finest of the evergreen oaks, and forms a rounded bush, growing vigorously in deep light loamy soil. It was introduced about forty years ago, and is very hardy; it will stand any amount of bad weather without being in the least injured. Another advantage it has is that rabbits will not attack it, so that you can have it in places where they abound, and where other evergreens would be destroyed. It bears transplanting well, as it carries a large ball of fibrous roots. I have moved it more than eight feet high and the same through, without its going back in the least. This plant is thirteen feet high, with a circum- ference of the branches of forty-two feet. Seed can be obtained from the Yokohama Nursery Company; but the acorns should be sent in damp earth, as they soon lose their fertility. 34 QUERCUS ACUTA. PITTOSPORUM EUGENIOIDES. Pittosporum eugenioides Natwe of New Zealand. Nat. Order: PrrrosporE. Pittosporum eugenioides, Cunningham, ex Hooker, fil., ‘Pl, N. Zeal.” i. 23 (1854); Kirk, “ Forest, Fl. N. Zeal.” 81, t. 49 (18869). Although not so hardy as P. Mayit, P. undulatum or P. Colensot, it may be planted in any tolerably sheltered position. It flowers early in Spring, and the flowers, which are borne in clusters, are a creamy white colour, and fragrant. The leaves, which are wavy at the margins, are about five inches long by one broad, and of a light grey green colour. It is a strong grower, making an annual growth of eighteen inches. It does best with a southern exposure in a well-drained soil composed of peat loam and rotten manure. It is a native of New Zealand, where it grows to a height of forty feet, and is found on the banks of streams and the margins of woods, but never in dense forests. The Maoris use the bruised leaves and flowers mixed with fat to anoint their bodies. I had a very fine plant, eight feet high and as much through, killed to the ground in the great frost of 1895, so that it can scarcely be said to be absolutely hardy. 35 Tsuga Mertensiana var. Hookeriana Native of North-West America. Nat. Order: ConIFERA. Tribe: ABIETINEZ. Tsuga Mertensiana, Sargent, “Silva N. Amer.” xii. 77, t.606 (not Carriére) ; Veitch, Manual, ed. ii. 468; 7. Pattoniana, Engelmann in Brewer and Watson’s ‘Bot. Califor.” ii. 121 (1880); Z. Hookerana, Carriére, “Traité Conif.” ed. ii. 252 (1867); Adzes Pattoniana, Balfour ; A. Hookeriana, Murray; A. Williamsonit, Newberry. And others. A handsome slow-growing tree from North-Western America, of a glaucous green colour. The branches grow out horizontally from the main stem, and it is well clothed with foliage to the very base of the branches. It will not endure cutting winds ; they frequently burn the top branches as if with fire, and more especially the leader, but it very often, and in fact generally, recovers, though it may have looked as if it were going to die for some time. It makes a yearly growth here of about a foot. There has long been much confusion about the name of this tree, which has only recently been cleared up. It was originally discovered by Mertens in 1827 in Sitka, at its northern limit, and his name, accompanied by a brief descrip- tion, was applied to it by the Russian botanist Bongard. Unfortunately Bongard’s name was taken up by later botanists for another Hemlock fir which grows in Sitka, Zsuga A lbertiana, and when, thirty years after Mertens’ discovery, T. Mertenstana was found by Jeffrey in Oregon while collect- ing for the Scottish Association, it was re-named 7. Pattoniana in compliment to one of the most prominent members of the Association. Subsequently the glaucous variety was discovered on Mount Scott, and was named after Sir William Hooker in the belief that it was another species. 36 TSUGA HOOKERIANA. PICEA ALCOCKIANA VAR ACICULARIS. Picea Alcockiana, var. acicularis Native of Japan. Nat. Order: Conirer2. Tribe: ABIETINEA. Picea Alcockzana, var. actcularis supra; P. Alcockiana, Carriére, “Traité Conif.” ed. ii. 343 (1867); Adzes Alcockiana, Lindley in Gard. Chron. 1861, p. 22; Picea bicolor, Mayr. “ Abiet. Jap. Reich.” 49 (1890); Adzes acicularis, Hort. Was introduced by Messrs. Veitch from Japan in 1861. It is a pyramidal tree of very dense strong growth, many of the branches projecting somewhat from the others, which gives the tree a distinct appearance. The leaves are a deep green above, and streaked with two glaucous bands underneath. It is not very unlike Picea Alcockiana, which is also from Japan ; but when the two are compared acicularis is the best, the foliage is more needle-like and prickly, but the colour of the under side of the leaves of P. 4/cockiana is of a more decided silvery tint. It has a great spread of branches for its height, and is a very free grower, making from eighteen inches to two feet annually. A small specimen planted here six years ago is now eleven feet high, with a circumference of forty-five feet. Picea acicularis is an unauthorised name, ‘ made in Germany.” The difference between the trees under this name and P. Alcockiana, which often disappears with age, is too trivial from a botanical point of view to be admitted as specific. 37 Abies magnifica Native of Oregon and Caltfornza. Nat. Order : ConiFERz. Tribe: ABIETINEZ. Abies magnifica, Murray in Proceed. R. Hort. Soc. iii. 318 (1863) 5 Sargent, “ Silva N. Amer.” xii. 137, tt. 618, 619 ; Veitch, Manual, ed. ii. 516 (1900). A. nobilis, var. robusta, Carriére, “ Traité Conif.” ed. ii. 269 (1867) ; A. nobilis, var. magnifica, Masters in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxli. 189 (1886); Pecea magnifica, Gordon “Pinet,” ed. ii. 219 (1875). This is so like 4dzes nobilis that at a little distance it is very difficult to tell them apart. The only perceptible differ- ence is that 4. magnifica has its branches rather more regularly placed, in a succession of tables as it were. In the anatomical structure of the leaves and in the cones, the difference between A. magnifica and A. nobilis is very obvious. It is a native of California, where it grows to a height of two hundred feet. When placed in perfect shelter and in good soil it isa very rapid grower indeed. There is one tree here on the mountain side at the edge of an old wood, which was planted in 1879, when it was about four feet high: it is now (in 1903) sixty-five feet in height, thus giving an annual growth of two feet and a half since it was planted. The soil isa deep alluvial loam. Several others planted about the same time have not attained to nearly the same height. 38 ABIES MAGNIFICA. RHODODENDRON ARBOREUM. Rhododendron arboreum Native of the Himalayan Region. Nat. Order: Ericacea. Tribe : RHopoREA. Rhododendron arboreum, Smith, ‘‘ Exot. FI.” t. 9; Bot. Reg. t. 890 (1825); Bot. Mag. t. 3290, var. album (1834). Was introduced into this country by Dr. Wallich in 1827. Captain Hardwicke, who first discovered it in the Sewalik mountains in India in 1796, says: “It has the most extended range of any of its species, and grows at elevations of from three to twelve thousand feet. It has rich scarlet flowers, and leaves more than a foot in length and silvery underneath.” He gives the height of the tree as twenty feet, while the stem is sometimes as much as sixteen feet in girth at five feet from the ground. The plant figured is a fine specimen, being thirty feet high and one hundred and thirty feet in circum- ference. It is ina sheltered position, and in good light soil on a moist bottom. How suitable this is for rhododendrons may be inferred from the dimensions of a R. ponticum which grew near this one and had a height of twenty-three feet, with a circumference of four hundred and forty-seven feet! It grew so rapidly that it seemed as if it would take possession of the whole garden, and it had to be cut down. It was said to be the largest plant of the species in the Kingdom. 39 Laricopsis Kaempferi Native of China. Nat. Order: Conirera. Tribe: ABIETINEA. Laricopsis Kaempfert, Kent in Veitch’s Manual, ed. ii. 404 (1900); Pseudolarix Kaempfert, Gordon ‘“ Pinet,” ed. i. 298 (1858); Larix Kaempferi, Carriére in “ Flore des Serres,” xi. 97 (1856); Adzes Kaempfert, Lindley in Gard. Chron. 1854, p. 255. This Chinese larch resembles the common one, but the leaves are larger, and when they first come out are of a brilliant light green colour; before they fall in autumn they change toa golden yellow. In China it has been known to grow to a height of one hundred and twenty feet, with a trunk eight feet in circumference, a height which I do not think it will ever attain in this country. The plant in the garden here is very old—I believe one of the first sent out; and though it is only nine feet high, it has a circumference of over ninety feet. I imagine that it was raised from a layer, as I have others which show much more of the upright habit of the European larch. It will do well in almost any light soil. 4o yale HerergeN; «| LARICOPSIS KAMPFERI. PICEA POLITA. Picea polita Natwwe of Japan. Nat. Order: ConiFERa. Tribe: ABIETINEA. Picea polita, Carriére, “Traité Conif.” ed. i. 256 (1855); Veitch, Manual, ed. ii. 446 (1900) ; Adzes polita, Siebold and Zuccarini, “Fl. Jap.” ii. 20. t. 111 (1842). Of the numerous fine species both of flowering shrubs and coniferous trees for which we are indebted to Japan, I think Picea polita is one of the most valuable and most distinct, and certainly it is one of the hardiest of them all—in fact it will, so far as my experience goes, stand any amount of exposure without being injured in the least. It grows fast when esta- blished in a moderately heavy loam, making a leader of more than a foot each year, though in a young state it does not grow more than six inches in that time. The bark and buds are of a yellowish-brown, the leaves being pale green in colour and very prickly and hard in texture. This tree was planted in the Spring of 1884, and is at present nineteen feet high, measuring at the ground forty-two feet round the branches. It has borne cones regularly for several years. 41 Cupr essus macrocarpa Native of California. Nat. Order : ConiFER#. Tribe : CUPRESSINEA. Cupressus macrocarpa, Hartweg in Journ. Hort. Soc. Lond. ii. 187 (1847); Sargent, ‘Silva N. Amer.” x. 103, t. 525 (1896); Veitch, Manual, ed. ii. 215 (1900) ; C. Laméertzana, Carriére, “ Traité Conif.” ed. i. 124 (1855). Was introduced from Monterey in Upper California in the year 1831. It is a fine massive tree in its outline, and con- spicuous in a garden on account of its very deep green colour. It grows so fast in the first few years when planted in good soil that it is very liable to be blown down by storms. It attains a height of about seventy feet, in its old age becoming somewhat like the cedar of Lebanon. Mr. Veitch, in his admirable book on “ Conifers ” (2nd edition, 1900), says, ‘Its habitat is extremely restricted ; it is known to grow spon- taneously only on a small area south of Monterey. The trees occur in small groups, or solitary, in a narrow belt about two miles long and scarcely more than two hundred yards wide, extending along the coast from Cypress Point southwards to Carmel Bay.” The height of the tree figured is eighty feet, and its circumference a hundred and thirty feet. 42 CUPRESSUS MACROCARPA. THUIA JAPONICA. Thuia japonica Native of Japan. Nat. Order: Conirere#. = Tribe: Cupressinea. Thuia japonica, Maximowicz in “ Bull. Acad. St. Petersb.” x. 490 (1866) ; Veitch, Manual, ed. ii. 245; Z. Standishiz, Carriére, “ Traité Conif.” ed. ii. 108 (1867); Thijopsis Standishit, Hort. Is better known here as 7. Standishii, it having been intro- duced by the late Mr. Standish, of Ascot Nursery, in 1861. It is a beautiful and distinct evergreen conifer from the central mountains of Japan, The plant figured is twenty feet high, and in its native place it reaches a height of twenty to thirty feet. It is somewhat like 7huda dolabrata, though more elegant and graceful in appearance. The foliage is yellowish-green, the habit is loose and rather open, if left to nature ; therefore to make a well-balanced tree the leading side shoots may be shortened back occasionally, which will cause them to make lateral growth, and the tree will become better furnished than it otherwise would have been. It does very well in ordinary loam, and makes a growth here of about a foot annually. In very dry soils it is liable to drop its leaves, and eventually becomes thin and unsightly. 43 Daphniphyllum glaucescens Native of Japan, Corea, India, Java, Sc. Nat. Oracr: EUPHORBIACE&. Tribe : PHYLLANTHEA. 1153 (1825); Daphniphyllum glaucescens, Blume “ Bijdr. D. macropodon ? Miquel. A very fine bold-looking Japanese plant, introduced into Great Britain in 1879. Ata distance it is not unlike a well- grown rhododendron, but on closer examination the difference is easily perceptible; the large leaves, eight inches long and over four in width, are more glaucous, the foot stalks and midrib are deep crimson, the bark also is of a reddish hue. The flowers are inconspicuous, of a light green colour, and have a strong pungent smell; they are succeeded by a crop of blue berries. It is a very strong grower, and naturally of a compact habit. It does well in any good rich soil, and bears moving almost up to any size: I have moved one weighing more than a ton, which required two strong cart-horses to draw it, and beyond flagging a little for a month or so, it was transferred to its new quarters quite uninjured. DAPNIPHYLLUM GLAUCESCENS. PINUS MONTEZUME. Pinus Montezumz Native of Mexico. Nat. Order: Conirer2. Tribe: ABIETINEA., Pinus Montezuma, Lambert, “ Genus Pinus,” ed. ii. vol. i. 39, t. 22 (1828); Veitch, Manual, ed. ii. 345 (1900); P. Devoniana, P. Russel- liana, P. macrophylla, Lindley in “ Bot. Reg.” 1838, misc. 62, P. Lindleyana, P. protuberans, P. Wincesteriana, Gordon “ Pinet.” ed. ii. pp. 309, 319 and 325. And many others. I think this is one of the most beautiful pines in cultiva- tion, and though it cannot be said to be hardy in most places in this country, yet where it can have shelter it is well worth while to give it a trial. It is next to impossible to procure it from nurserymen—they do not keep it, as there is so little demand for it. It was discovered by Humboldt in Mexico, and is named after the unfortunate Montezuma, the last of the Incas. It was introduced here in 1839 by the Horticultural Society of London. In its native country it is very abundant on the sides of the Sierra Madre, where it grows to a height of fifty feet with a diameter of about eighteen inches. The plant figured is a young specimen, eleven feet high, and is planted in equal parts of peat and loam with some leaf soil added. The cones are three inches long, and seem small in comparison to the great size of its needles. 45 Sequoia sempervirens adpressa, or albo-spica Garden varzety. Nat. Order: ConIFERA. wlribe : TAxXoDINE&. Sequoia sempervirens, var. adpressa, Carriére, “ Traité Conif.” ed. ii. 211. S. sempervirens, var. alba spica, “ Hort. Brit.” This is a variegated form of the Californian Red Wood. The tips of the young shoots are a creamy white, which become dull in colour in the winter: it is also liable to have the variegation browned by cold-winds. The Seguota semper- virens is the most valuable timber tree in California, and is used for every description of work. It is one of the few conifers which will reproduce itself from suckers. When cut down to within a few inches of the ground it will throw up shoots quite four feet high the first season after being cut down. The late Sir Victor Brooke, writing from California in 1890 of the big trees on the Pacific coast, says, “It is the next largest tree to Seguoia Wellingtonia. It measures 350 feet in height, and is confined to the coast range. It makes splendid timber. Six taken at random measured at four feet from the ground forty feet, fifty-two feet, thirty-eight and a half feet, forty feet, fifty feet, and twenty-seven feet in circumference. It is a most graceful giant.” SEQUOIA SEMPERVIRENS ALBA-SPICA. PHORMIUM TENAX VARIEGATUM. Phormium tenax variegatum Native of New Zealand. Nat. Order: Liutacea. Tribe: HEMEROCALLEA. Phormium tenax, Forst. ex Hooker W. in Bot. Mag. sub t. 3199 (1832). The variegated New Zealand flax is a most striking and effective object in the garden. It sends up its great sword- like leaves from seven to ten feet high, and they are nearly five inches in breadth. It is not particular as to soil, but I find the richer it is the better the plant thrives, and it will take almost any quantity of manure, though I have seen it growing most luxuriantly at Tresco in Scilly in very light sandy soil and probably without any manure whatever. There is one thing that it must have in a garden if you want a perfect specimen, and that is perfect shelter. The large leaves are very easily broken by the wind, and once broken there is nothing to be done but to cut them off. It will not reproduce the variegation true from seed, as out of 600 seedlings from the plant figured not one has shown the least sign of variegation. 47 Abies hom dlepis Native of Japan. Nat. Order: Conireré. Tribe: ABIETINEA. Abies homolepis, Siebold & Zuccarini, “Fl. Jap.” ii. 17, t. 108 (1842); Veitch, Manual, ed. ii. 513 (1900); A. bvachyphylla, Maximowicz, “Bull. Acad. St. Petersb.” x. 488 (1866); P. Harryana, McNab in “ Proceed. R. Irish Acad.” ii. ser. 2689 (1877). Was introduced into Great Britain in the year 1870 from Japan, where it grows on the mountains in Nikko up to an altitude of 5000 feet above the sea level. As may be supposed from its native habitat, it is absolutely hardy, never having suffered the least either from strong gales or the severest frosts. The branches are flat and spreading in horizontal whorls, the young shoots have a polished and glossy appear- ance, the leaves are small and densely arranged, the cones are a beautiful purple colour, about four inches long. From its rapid growth and spreading habit it requires a good deal of room. This tree was planted in 1886, and it is now twenty-eight feet in height with a circumference of eighty-five feet. 48 Co Sao la TASES G Ney ABIES HOMOLEPIS. INDIVISA VERA CORDYLINE Cordyline indivisa vera Native of New Zealand. Nat. Order: Litrace. Tribe: DRACENEA. Cordyline indivisa, Kunth, ex Hooker, fil., “‘ Handb. N. Zeal. Flora,” 282 (1867). This is very rare in our gardens at present, although I have been informed that it was plentiful enough about forty years ago, and used to be shown at all the horticultural exhibitions, in groups of stove and greenhouse plants. It is hardy here, and has stood out uninjured for several winters. If this fine foliage plant ever becomes common again, I believe that the best way of saving it during the winter is to plant it out, wherever the climate allows of it. It is difficult to keep it alive in a pot during the winter. I had some placed on the border of a cold orchard house and covered with soil, and others were potted; the first made several fine leaves and were as healthy as possible, while the potted plants looked wretched, and were half dead by spring. My gardener was clever enough to raise a good many plants from seed imported from New Zealand, its native place; I don't think there are many in this country, except in Cornwall and the Scilly Isles. 49 Cryptomeria japonica Native of Japan. Nat. Order: ConirEer2. Tribe: TaxopINnEA&. Cryptomeria japonica, Don in Trans. Linn. Soe. xviii. 166, t. 13, fig. 1 (1839); Veitch, Manual, ed. ii. 263 (1900). Introduced by Fortune from China in 1844 and by Maries from Japan in 1879. It is more extensively planted than any other tree in its native country. The Japanese plant it round their temples and their tombs, while the great avenue to the shrines at Nikko extends to a distance of thirty miles, the trees being on an average about a hundred feet high, and twelve or fifteen feet in circumference at their base. It requires as much shelter as possible, as the branches are very brittle and easily broken by high winds. The habit of growth is pyramidal and the foliage of a rich dark green. In old trees here the upward growth is slow, the strength going to the side branches. This tree is forty-four feet high, and the circumference of the branches is one hundred and nine feet. It is in a moist deep soil, and surrounded by old forest trees, which give it the necessary protection from storms. 50 CRYPTOMERIA JAPONICA. SCIADOPITYS VERTICILLATA. Sciadopitys verticillata Native of Japan. Nat. Order: ConIFERA. Tribe : TAXoDINEA. Scradopitys vertictllata, Siebold and Zuccarini, “Fl. Jap.” ii. 1, tt. 101, 102 (1842); Veitch, Manual, ed. ii. 287 (1900). It is difficult to say that one pine is more beautiful than another when all are so beautiful, but certainly if I were allowed to have only one pine, I should choose this without hesitation. It comes from Japan, where Professor Sargent says it grows on the mountains of Mino in thousands, and sometimes attains a height of nearly a hundred feet. Mr. Veitch had the honour of introducing it into this country in 1861 ; and although it is now fairly common, yet it is not very often one sees a perfect specimen. It requires exactly the same soil as the rhododendron, and if you place it in perfect shelter I find it quite as easy to grow as anything else. It is planted here in equal parts of peat, leaf soil and loam, and makes a growth of rather over a foot each season, while the foliage is of a deep green healthy colour. I prefer to grow it with several leaders, in this way it is much hand- somer than when it has only a single stem. It bears its cones here regularly. 51 Cupressus Lawsoniana, var. lutea Garden variety. Nat. Order: CoNnIFERA. Tribe: CuPRESSINEA. Cupressus Lawsoniana, var. lutea, Hort. and Veitch, Manual, ed. ii, 208. This is a yellow form, introduced about twenty years ago, or more. The colour of the foliage in Spring is bright golden yellow, changing as the growth gets mature to a slightly more bronzy shade. It is of a close growing pyramidal habit, and grows fairly fast; it may be planted in the most wind-swept positions without injury, and it will grow in almost any sort of soil. In fact it seems to me to be one of the very best yellow conifers we have, and from itsclose upright habit it takes up comparatively but little room. It has all the good qualities of the type, in addition to its own fine colour. The largest plants in the garden here are a little over twenty-one feet high, and thirty feet round at the ground. They have been planted twenty years, so that they make a fair rate of growth annually. 52 CUPRESSUS LAWSONIANA LUTEA. PICEA ORIENTALIS. Picea orientalis Native of Asia Minor. Nat. Order : Conirera, Tribe: ABIETINES, Picea ortentalis, Carriére, “ Traité Conif.” ed. i. 244 (1855); Veitch, Manual, ed. ii. 443 (1900); Abzes orientalis, Poiret, “ Dict.” vi. 518 (1804). Introduced into England about 1840 from Asia Minor near Trebizond, where it was first discovered by Tournefort in 1717. It occurs on the mountains in the Trans-Caucasian region, growing up to a height of six thousand feet above sea- level. It is one of the handsomest and one of the most hardy of the spruce firs, and is planted in this country entirely as an ornamental tree. The form is pyramidal, the colour in early Spring is a soft yellow, turning to green, and as it grows older it becomes much darker, so that it is sometimes mistaken for Abies nigra, which comes from North America, and is a totally different tree. It thrives in almost any kind of soil, and has grown here to a height of forty-three feet, with a circumference of branches at the ground of fifty-eight feet. 53 Juniperus recurva Native of the Himalayan Region. Nat. Order : ConiFERa. Tribe : CupRESSINEA. Juniperus recurva, Don, “ Prodr. Fl. Nep.” 55 (1825) ; Veitch, Manual, ed. ii. 185 (1900). On the eastern and central Himalaya the height attained by Juniperus recurva varies generally with the altitude of the locality. Near its lower limit in Sikkim Sir Joseph Hooker saw trees thirty feet high, of which one is figured at page 187 of Veitch’s “ Manual.” At and near its highest limit it is a prostrate shrub. The specimen figured is thirty-seven feet high, with a circumference of eighty-seven feet. The foliage is of a greyish-green colour, recurved, pendulous, and feathery. The prostrate form is known in British gardens as /. sguamata. Generally /. vecurva is very subject to attacks from red spider, but I have never seen any signs of it here, owing probably to the moist position the tree occupies. From its very distinct colour and habit, it is a most desirable plant where it can be kept in good condition. 54 JUNIPERUS RECURVA. CUPRESSUS NOOTKATENSIS LUTEA. Cupressus Nootkatensis lutea Garden Variety. Nat. Order: ConiFEeRa. Tribe : CuPRESSINE. Cupressus nootkatensts lutea, Hort, and Veitch, Manual, ed. ii. 219. This is a yellow form of C. Nootkatensis, and is one of the most ornamental trees of recent introduction. The young foliage is a bright yellow, changing to a soft yellowish-green as it becomes matured. It is a very fast grower, and has the graceful habit of the type. It is quite as hardy as Cupressus Nootkatensis, and as strong a grower. From its bright colour it is perhaps more suitable for the garden or the pinetum than for the park, but wherever placed it is a beautiful tree. Although it has not been introduced for more than ten years it has attained a height of more than sixteen feet here, and hasa circumference of thirty-three feet at the ground. This is owing, however, to its having been placed in very good rich soil, and in perfect shelter. 55 Abies Nordmanniana Native of Imeritia, Trans-Caucasta. Nat. Order: ConIFERA. Tribe: ABIETINEA. Abies Nordmanniana, Spach, “ Hist. Veg. Phan.” xi. 418 (1842) ; Hooker, fil., Bot. Mag. t. 6992 (1888) ; Veitch, Manual, ed. ii. 526 (1900). Picea Nordmanniana, Loudon, “ Encyclop. Trees,” 1042 (1824). Introduced from the Russian Trans-Caucasian province of Imeritia in 1848, a magnificent pine, of most stately and regular growth. At one time I planted this tree very extensively, but I found that it was so constantly attacked by a species of blight which discoloured the leaves, turned them yellow, and ultimately so completely ruined the appearance of the tree that it had to be destroyed, that I have entirely given up planting it. They are more likely to be attacked in a warm, light soil than when grown in a deep soil which is retentive of a considerable amount of moisture. It is most unfortunate that it should be subject to disease, as it is certainly one of the finest of the European silver firs. The largest specimen here, which is photographed, is seventy feet high, and the branches are eighty-six feet in circumference. 56 ABIES NORDMANNIANA. CUPRESSUS MACROCARPA LUTEA. Cupressus macrocarpa, var. lutea Garden variety. Nat. Order : CoNnIFERA. Tribe : CuPRESSINEA, Cupressus macrocarpa, var. lutea, Hort, and Veitch, Manual, ed. i, 215, A yellow variety of the Monterey cypress, which is most striking and effective in a garden from its very bright colour. It was sent out about eight or nine years ago, and has now reached a height of twenty-one feet. The habit of the tree here as yet is strictly fastigiate, it rises in a thin column and takes up but little room on the grass. It is absolutely necessary to plant it in a very sheltered situation, as it has but a shallow root hold, and from its rapid growth is so top heavy that if exposed to high winds it is very liable to be blown over, which has occurred twice here already. It is next to impossible to replant it, as the roots are certain to be broken. In moderately rich loam and peat it makes quite two feet here every year. I have not found it to change its colour to the type again, all my plants being a brilliant yellow, and they appear to me to be likely to remain so; it strikes easily from cuttings. a7 Retinispora or Cupressus obtusa aurea Garden Variety. Nat. Order: ConIFERz. Tribe: CUPRESSINE. Cupressus obtusa aurea, Veitch, Manual, ed. ii. 221; Retinispora obtusa aurea, Hort. A beautiful and constant variety, of a rich golden yellow colour, and very dense habit. Itis not avariegated form. The plant figured is self-coloured. It is eight feet high and the same in diameter. It is very handsome in the spring and early summer from its fine colour. Cupressus obtusa is held in high esteem in Japan, as the timber is said to be the best which that country produces, and it is much used in manufactures. The tree is held sacred by the followers of the Shintoo religion, whose temples are built exclusively of this timber, and it is plentifully planted around them. There are several distinct varieties of Cupressus obtusa, most of them free growing, and very ornamental for pleasure grounds. 58 RETINISPORA OR CUPRESSUS OBTUSA AUREA. TSUGA ALBERTIANA, Tsuga Albertiana Native of North-West America. Nat. Order: Conirera. Tribe: ABIETINEA. Tsuga Albertiana, Kent in Veitch’s Manual, ed. ii. 4.59 (1900) ; L. Mertensiana, Engelmann (not Bongard) ; 7. heterophylla, Sargent, “ Silva N. Amer.” xii. 73, t. 605 (1898); Adzes Albertiana, Murray in Proceed. R. Hort. Soc. iii. 149 (1863); 4. Bridgesit, Kellog in Proceed. Calsfor. Acad. Sc. ii. 8 (1863). This fine Hemlock spruce was named after the late Prince Consort, and was introduced into Great Britain in 1851 from Oregon. It is found growing over the coast regions of North- West America from Alaska to North California. For rapid growth, and where immediate effect is required, there are few better or more ornamental trees than this, and it deserves to be much more extensively planted than it has hitherto been both in parks and gardens. It thrives best in deep moistloam. The long spreading slender branches and its remarkably graceful habit render it a most desirable tree. It grows to a height of two hundred feet, and requires a great deal of room, as the branches spread out horizontally to a considerable distance. It bears transplanting well. I have moved some successfully which were over twenty feet high. In 1882 I planted a number of them, which are now fifty-four feet high, and few trees that I am aware of will exceed that growth in the time. 59 Abies concolor, var. violacea Native of Western North America. Nat. Order: ConmFER«. Tribe: ABIETINEZ. Abies concolor, Lindley and Gordon in Journ. Hort. Soc. Lond. v. 210, name only (1851); Sargent, “ Silva N. Amer.” xii. 121 to 613 (1898); Veitch, Manual, ed. ii. 501 (1900). A bies concolor violacea forms one of the most distinct and attractive ornaments of our parks and gardens to be found among the Fir tribe. It is also one of the most widely distributed of the Western North American silver firs. Professor Sargent in his great work quoted above, states that it is spread over the region extending from the Rocky Moun- tains westwards to the coast range of California, and in a meridional direction from Oregon to South California and Arizona. At its northern limit and on the mountain ranges of Colorado it endures winters as severe as the coldest known in Great Britain. In Arizona and South California it thrives in a climate like that of the South of France. Under such diverse conditions it is not surprising that it should vary in the dimensions attained, and in other particulars. The tree represented in the figure is the 4. concolor of Colorado and the Rocky Mountains, which was discovered a few years earlier than the Californian variety, but not introduced here till a long time after it. In its native home it seldom exceeds 100 feet in height; it endures heat and dryness better than 60 ABIES CONCOLOR VAR VIOLACEA any of the silver firs of North America, and is able to grow on mountain slopes where few other trees can maintain a foot- hold. At Castlewellan it is easily distinguished by its almost silvery leaves, which are more incurved and usually longer than those of the Californian variety. The tree also starts into growth later in the season, and is never injured by frost. This specimen was planted in 1888, and is now seventeen feet high. 61 Thuia dolabrata Natwwe of Japan. Nat. Order : ConIFERz. Tribe : CUPRESSINEZ. Thuta dolabrata, Linnzus, *‘ Suppl. Syst.” 420 (1781); Veitch, Manual, ed. ii. 237 (1900); Thujopsis dolabata, Siebold and Zuccarini, “ Fl. Jap.” ii. 34, tt. 119, 120 (1842). Was discovered by Thunberg, the Swedish botanist, in 1776, in Japan, but it was not much known in this country until 1861, when seeds were sent from Japan by the late J. G. Veitch and Robert Fortune. It is so handsome and such a strong grower that there is probably no shrub more popular and more commonly grown now in our gardens. When young it is of a pyramidal form, and densely clothed with foliage of a yellowish- green colour from top to bottom. In Japan it attains a height of from forty to fifty feet. The specimen figured is twenty- nine feet high, with a circumference of sixty-seven feet. It is easily propagated from seeds or cuttings, and thrives best in a rich moist loam. 62 THUIA DOLABRATA. IDESIA POLYCARPA. Idesia polycarpa Natwwe of Japan. Nat. Order: BrIxINneaz. Tribe: FLAcourRTIEA. Idesta polycarpa, Maximowicz in “ Bull. Acad. St. Petersb.” x. 485 (1866). A very pretty Japanese tree, named after the Dutch traveller Ides. It should be planted in well-drained light rich loam, and in full sunshine, when it will soon become a hand- some specimen. The leaves are heart-shaped and six inches across, of a bright green colour with crimson foot stalks. The flowers, which are inconspicuous, are sweet scented, and are followed by blue berries. When it is young, the leading shoots may be pruned occasionally, to form a well-balanced shapely tree. It is also known by the names of Flacourtia japonica, and Polycarpa Maximowicatt. It was introduced into this country in 1866. 63 Pittosporum undulatum Native of Austraha. Nat. Order: PiTTosPoRE&. Pittosporum undulatum, Ventenat, ex Aiton, “ Hort. Kew,” ed. ii. vol. ii. 28 (1813); Bot. Reg. t. 16 (1815). This very handsome evergreen shrub was introduced from Australia in 1789. It is a most vigorous and free grower, and is used in its native country for planting in the vicinity of the sea shore as a protection against strong winds. It is unnecessary to say therefore that it is quite hardy. The leaves are a bright glossy green colour, and are easily distinguished by their wavy form. It forms a fine pyramidal-shaped bush, if the leading shoots are shortened back for a few years when it is young. Afterwards it should be allowed to grow naturally, and it will not have an artificial look, which is so objectionable. If they are not pruned, Prttosporums have an open straggling habit. The flowers are a creamy white, and are not so sweetly scented as P. Mayt. At Castlewellan it has grown fourteen feet high in twelve years, and is thirty-three feet in circumference. It grows most vigorously in equal parts of loam and peat, and strikes easily from cuttings. 64 a oy PITTOSPORUM UNDULATUM. = - = , ag oo“ id ¥) ae z? Sat e¥~ GLYPTOSTROBUS SINENSIS PENDULA Taxodium distichum pendulum or Glyptostrobus pendulus Natwe of Carolina, North America. Nat. Order: Conirera. Tribe: TaxopINEZ. Taxodium distichum pendulum, Carriére, ‘ Traité Conif.,” ed, ii, 182 (1867); Veitch’s Manual, ed. ii. 282 (1900); GAyptostrobus pendulus, Endlicher, Bot. Mag. t. 5603 (1866) ; Taxodium microphyllum, Brongnart ; 7. stnense, Gordon A curious deciduous shrub of slow growth. The branches, which are very numerous, are covered with bright green fern- like foliage, which changes to yellow in the Autumn, It should not be exposed to cold winds; the foliage being very dense, the young shoots seldom get sufficiently ripened in our climate, and sometimes get killed back in winter, which prevents the plant growing to any great size: but it is such a handsome plant when in leaf that it well deserves a place. It does best in a compost of peat, loam and leaf soil in equal proportions. Glyptostrobus pendulus was introduced from South Carolina many years ago, where it is still found wild in places. It is, therefore, a variety of Taxodium adistichum, a fact confirmed by many intermediate forms that have appeared from time to time among seedlings of 7. dastechum. It is more remotely connected with the Chinese Glypfostrobus. 65 Abies concolor Native of Oregon and North California. Nat. Order: ConIFERz. Tribe: ABIETINEA. Abzes concolor, var. Lowzana, Lemmon, ‘‘ W. Amer. Cone Bearers,” 64 (1895); Veitch, Manual, ed. ii. 503 (1900); A. Lowzana, Murray, in Proceed. R. Hort. Soc. iii. 317 (1863); A, grandis, Jeffrey not Lindley; 4. lastocarpa, Hort not Hooker. The tree here figured was planted as 4bdzes lasiocarfa, and was known under that name for many years; the cause of the confusion in the nomenclature not being then under- stood. The true 4dzes lasiocarpa, so named by the late Sir William Hooker, is a very different tree, inhabiting a different region, and only introduced at a comparatively recent date. The subject of this notice is a native of North California, spreading into the neighbouring districts of Southern Oregon, where trees may still be seen towering to a height of from 200 to 250 feet. It was discovered in 1851 by Jeffrey, the Collector of the Scottish Oregon Association, and shortly afterwards by William Lobb, in the employ of the Messrs. Veitch, both of whom sent seeds home under the name of A. grandis, which in its old age it much resembles, but the young trees differ so markedly in habit that the two species can be distinguished at a glance. It is a very beautiful and stately Fir, and forms a most symmetrical conical tree, 66 ABIES CONCOLOR. regularly and thickly branched from the base upwards. It cones here regularly, and our largest tree is sixty-seven feet in height, the circumference of the branches is eighty-seven feet and that of the trunk at three feet from the ground is eight feet. The leaves are from an inch and a half to two inches long, and of a distinct light green colour. It is perfectly hardy in every part of Great Britain. 67 Fitzroya Patagonica Native of Southern Chile and Patagonia. Nat. Order: ConiFERz. Tribe: CupRESSINE&. Fitzroya Patagonica, Hooker, fils, ex Hooker, W., in Bot. Mag. t. 4616 (1851); Veitch, AZanual, ed. ii. 198 (1900). A large evergreen tree of a deep green colour, found only on the mountains of Patagonia and Southern Chile, where it was discovered by Captain Fitzroy, R.N., the officer commanding H.M.S. Beagle, in the year 1831, in the surveying expedition of which Darwin was the naturalist. It was introduced to our gardens by Lobb in 1849, and is still with us decidedly a rare tree. It is a slow grower till it becomes well established. The small brown cones are produced in great quantities, and contrasted with the dark green foliage and neat, somewhat pendulous habit, are very ornamental. It should be planted in a sheltered situation in a deep bed of peat and loam in about equal parts, as it is a deep rooting tree, and it carries a very large ball when moved. It has never suffered from the weather here, and I think may be said to be quite hardy. 68 FITZROYA PATAGONICA. LIBOCEDRUS CHILENSIS. Libocedrus Chilensis Native of Chile. Nat. Order : ConIFERA. Tribe: CupRESSINE. Libocedrus chilensis, Endlicher, ‘ Synops. Conif.” 44 (1847); Veitch, Manual, ed. ii. 252 (1900); Thuca chtlensts, Don. Introduced by Messrs. Low, of Clapton, in 1847. It re- quires a deep rich moist soil, and of course is much better in shelter from cutting winds. It has flattened branchlets of a light green colour, and from its distinct habit and appearance is well worth growing. I do not find that it suffers from the climate much, but it certainly has a habit of losing odd branches occasionally, without, as far as one can see, any reason. It comes from the Andes, and has attained a height of twenty-two feet, with a circumference of branches of forty- one feet. The wood is said to be highly valued in its native country for carpentry, and on account of its fragrance. 69 Cercidiphyllum japonicum Native of Japan. Nat. Order: MaGNno.iacea. Tribe : TROCHODENDREA. Cercidiphyllum japonicum, Siebold and Zuccarini in ‘‘ Abhand. Acad. Muench.” vol. iv. 238 (1846) ; Sargent in “ Amer. Garden and Forest,” vi. 52 (1893). This very distinct Japanese tree has proved perfectly hardy here. It is deciduous, and its chief beauty is in the Spring, when the young leaves unfold. They are of a delicate pink colour, and the tree has then a very striking and beauti- ful appearance. In Autumn they change from a light green to a clear bright yellow. It is a rapid grower here, with slender branches of a fastigiate habit when young, being well clothed with leaves to the ground. The plant figured is ten feet high and thirty-two feet in circumference. In Japan it is considered a valuable timber tree, and grows to a great size, producing soft, straight-grained, light yellow wood, out of which the Ainos make the mortars which are used in every house for pounding grain, and from its great trunks they hollow their canoes. It grows to about a hundred feet in height. Cercidiphyllum was introduced by Messrs. Veitch in 1879, but owing to the difficulty of propagating it otherwise than -from seed, it was not distributed till many years afterwards. Growing wild so far north as Yeso, it may be assumed that it is hardy in Great Britain, as it has proved to be in Massa- chusetts, U.S.A. The photograph was taken on April 17th, when the leaves were not quite fully expanded. 70 CERCIDIPHYLLUM JAPONICUM. FAGUS CLIFFORTIOIDES. Fagus cliffortioides Native of New Zealand, Nat. Order: CupuLiFEera. Tribe: QuUERCINEA. Fagus Cliffortioides, Hooker fil., “ Icones Plant” 673, Kirk “Forest, Fl. N. Zeal.” 201, t. 101 (1889). Very few of our deciduous trees have the graceful habit of this beautiful beech. It is said to be one of the hardiest trees in New Zealand, where it is found growing at an altitude of 4000 feet, as a bush from five to eight feet high; but in more favourable situations it grows to over fifty feet in height. I have not the least doubt that it will prove hardy everywhere in this country, and it ought to be highly prized as a most graceful and ornamental tree. I imported it in a Wardian case from New Zealand some years ago, and it has grown rapidly here, making an annual growth of over a foot. It has small leaves, not more than half an inch long, and it may be said to be evergreen, as the old leaves remain on the branches till the new ones appear ; just before the old leaves fall, they change to a brilliant red, and the contrast with the light green of the young growth is very curious and pretty. 71 Podocarpus Andina or Prumnopitys elegans Native of Chile. Nat. Order: TaxacEa. Tribe: TaxINE&. Prumnopitys elegans, Philippi in “ Linnea,” xxx. 731 (1859) ; Veitch, Manual, ed. ii. 157 (1900); Podocarpus Andina, Endlicher, “‘Synops Conif.” 219 (1847). Better known as Prumnopitys elegans, was introduced in 1860 from Valdivia, where it grows to fifty feet high. The foliage is dark green above and slightly silvery on the under side of the leaf. It is of slow growth, and is there- fore an excellent shrub for planting in pleasure-grounds and gardens where space is limited. It grows here freely in a compost of equal parts of peat and loam. It requires to be pruned occasionally to keep the plant shapely. It seems to be quite hardy here, and bears fruit of a purple colour nearly the size of a cherry, on account of which it is sometimes called the plum fir. It is an inhabitant of the mountain ranges of the Andes. This tree is not a true Podocarpus: referring to the fruit figured on page 155 of Veitch’s ‘* Manual,” and comparing that with the description of the fruit of Podocarpus on pages 147 and 154, the difference is manifest enough. 72 PODOCARPUS. ANDINA. ABIES GRANDIS. Abies grandis Native of Oregon. Nat. Order : ConiFEr#. Tribe : ABIETINEZ. Abies grandis, Lindley in ‘‘ Penny Cyclop.” i. 30 (1833) ; Sargent, “Silva N. Amer.” xii. 117, t. 612 (1898); Veitch, Manual, ed. ii. 510 (1900). Picea grandis, Loudon, “ Arb. et. Frut. Brit.” iv. 2347 (1838). This fine fir came from Oregon in 1831. It is a rapid grower, and in its native country attains to a height of over two hundred feet. In rich deep soil it forms a lofty tree, but if placed in light soil resting on gravel it does not grow upwards, but has more of a spreading habit. Some trees on a gravel subsoil here have only reached a height of forty feet, with a circumference of a hundred and ten feet, while others planted long after in deep rich soil are already fifty-five feet high. They are all clothed to the ground with dense rich foliage. They have a fine bold appearance, but require a certain amount of shelter, as when they get large the branches seem somewhat brittle and are liable to get broken in storms. They should have a good deal of room to develop, and ought not to have other trees too near them. The older trees produce cones regularly here. 73 Retinispora tetragona aurea or Cupressus obtusa, var. filicoides aurea Garden Variety. Nat. Order : ConIFERA. Tribe : CupRESSINEA. Cupressus obtusa, var. filicoides aurea, Veitch, Manual, ed. He 220 % Retinispora tetragona aurea, Hort. Also called Chamecyparis. Thisis one of the most distinct and beautifully coloured of all the genus. The leaves are short, scale-like, and of the richest golden yellow colour, shading into green. It is a very slow grower, having, after more than twenty years of careful cultivation in the best of soil and in perfect shelter, only attained a height of five feet. The circumference of the branches is fourteen feet. It is in a compost of peat-leaf soil and loam. It is a garden variety, and in my opinion is one of the most interesting and beautiful plants we have. I have called this plant Retimzspora because that is its common name; but Mr. Harry Veitch, than whom there is, I suppose, no better authority on cultivated plants, tells me that its correct name is Cupressus obtusa, var. filicoides aurea. It originated in the Elvaston nurseries, near Derby. 74 RETINISPORA TETRAGONA AUREA. THUIA LOBBI. Thuia gigantea Native of North-West America. Nat. Order : ConIreR#. Tribe: CUPRESSINE&. Thuia gigantea, Nuttall in Journ, Phil. Acad. vii. 52 (1834) ; Veitch, Manual, ed. ii. 239 (1900); 7. plcata, Don in Lambert’s ‘‘ Genus Pinus,” ed. i. vol. ii. 19 (1824) ; 7. Lodd2z, Hort ; T. Menzieszz, Douglas. Formerly known as 7huia Lobbit, is widely distributed over the North-Western parts of North America. In the valley of the Columbia river it attains a height of two hundred feet, Professor Sargent says, “sending up a mighty shaft free of branches for upwards of a hundred feet, from an enormously enlarged base tapering gradually until at twice the height of a man from the ground its diameter may not be more than a dozen feet. Beside these giants the other Arbor- vitzes of the world are but pigmies.” It is a most stately tree, and so thoroughly hardy that it may be planted with safety in the coldest and most exposed parts of the British Isles. It is also about the most rapid growing conifer we possess. As an instance, I had to move several in 1887: they were then fourteen feet high; in 1903 they are sixty-five feet in height, with a circumference of a hundred and sixty feet, thus making an annual growth of over three feet. It cones here very freely. 75 Abies Pinsapo Native of Spain. Nat. Order : ConIFER&. Tribe: ABIETINEA. Abies Pinsapo, Boissier in ‘“ Biblioth. Univ. Geneva” (1838) ; Veitch, Manual, ed. ii. 534 (1900) ; Picea Pinsapo, Loudon, “ Encycl. Trees,” 1041 (1842). The Spanish silver fir was introduced to this country in 1839. It is found in abundance on the higher mountains in Spain, often up to the snow-line, and grows there to a height of seventy feet. It is of slow growth, and should be planted by itself, giving it plenty of room to develop the branches, which are divided into numerous ramifications from the ground upwards, so as completely to hide the main stem. The leaves are very short, not quite half an inch in length, regularly and thickly placed round the branches and of a greyish-green colour. The plant figured is thirty feet in height, and has a circumference of eighty-one feet. It is perfectly hardy, and will do well in any reasonably good soil. Abies Pinsapo is especially suitable for chalk and lime- stone soils, in which it grows into a fine landscape tree ; it is rarely, if ever, subject to injury by spring frosts owing to its being late in starting into growth. ABIES PINSAPO. RETINISPORA OR CUPRESSUS OBTUSA DENSA. Retinispora or Cupressus obtusa densa Garden Variety. Nat. Order: Conirer. Tribe: CUuPRESSINEA. Cupressus obtusa densa, Hort, supra; C. obtusa compacta, Veitch, Manual, ed. ii. 221; Retinispora obtusa compacta, Hort. This seems to be a garden variety of an older form, introduced from Japan many years ago under the name of R. obtusa compacta. It has an upright, compact habit of growth, with foliage of a very rich dark green colour. It is distinct from any other Retinisfora (or Chamecyparis, as people sometimes call it), and from its present appearance I do not think it will ever grow to any great size. It is well furnished with foliage from the ground, and is so hardy that it will succeed in nearly all situations. It does well in soil composed of equal parts of peat and loam. Spach’s genus Chamecyparis, although retained on the Con- tinent, is not accepted by British botanists. (See Veitch’s ‘Manual of Coniferz,” p. 200, second edition.) 77 Sequoia Gigantea Native of California. Nat. Order: ConiFERA. Tribe: TAxoDINE&. Sequoia Wellingtonia, Seeman, “ Bonpl.” iii. 27 (1855) ; Veitch, Manual, ed. ii. 274 (1900); S. gigantea, Decaisne in Bull. Soc. Bot. de France, i. 72 (1854). Wellingtonia gigantea, Lindley in Gard. Chron. 1853, p. 823; Bot. Mag., 4777, 4778 (1854). More generally known as Wellingtonia gigantea. Mr. Lobb, one of the collectors of the late Mr. James Veitch, was the first to introduce this magnificent tree into Great Britain, in 1853. It is said to be the largest tree in the world, although some of the Australian Eucalypti are higher. The Welling- tonia has been known to grow to a height of four hundred and twenty-five feet. The bark is a rich cinnamon-brown colour, and of a soft spongy nature. The tree figured is eighty-four feet high, and the girth of the trunk at one foot from the ground is twenty-seven feet. It grows in perfect shelter, and in deep moist soil. I have had to cut down several trees not quite so large as this one, and I have in- variably found large fissures in the centre of the trunk for the first ten feet, which, of course, was quite useless for timber. The wood is of considerable weight, as the first eight feet of the last one I cut weighed thirty-six hundredweight. 78 WELLINGTONIA GIGANTEA. so Ae BAMBUSA PALMATA. Bambusa palmata Natzwe of Japan. Nat. Order : GRAMINEA. Tribe: BAmBusEz. Bambusa palmata, Lord Redesdale, “‘ Bamboo Garden,” 79 (1896). One of the most distinct and striking in its appearance of all the bamboos ; it is conspicuous from the great size of its leaves, which are sometimes more than a foot long and four inches broad. In moist rich soil and in a sheltered position it grows rampantly. The leaves are of a deep green colour on the upper surface, and underneath of a light glaucous green. It grows to about eight feet high, and once thoroughly established nothing can stop it from spreading, except cutting away the suckers. It withstands both frost and cold winds very well, but of course like all its race it is happier in shelter. It bears moving well. I have removed successfully a speci- men which required ten men to lift, and two strong cart- horses to draw when on the sledge. It must have been very nearly a ton in weight ; owing to the size of the ball of roots it never suffered in the least. 79 Vitis Thunbergi Native of Japan. Nat. Order: AMPELIDE&. Vitis Thunbergit, Siebold and Zuccarini in ‘‘ Abhand. Acad. Muench.” iv. 198 (1843). Is said by some authors to be asynonym of V2¢zs labrusca, which is a North American vine; it is also said by others to be the same as V7tis Coignetie, which is admitted to be from Japan. I procured my original plant from Waterer twenty-nine years ago, and understood from him that it came from Japan. Whatever its correct name may be, there is no doubt that it is probably the finest hardy climbing plant now in our gardens. It should have plenty of room, as it is a most vigorous grower, the leaves are nearly a foot long and the samein breadth. In Autumn they take on the most beautiful shades of yellow, brown, crimson, and even scarlet. It is perfectly hardy and will grow in any good rich soil, ‘a little old well-rotted manure will assist it, but it must be given in moderation, for I killed the finest plant I had by an overdose of fresh cowdung, wrongly thinking that from its great size it would endure it. It is unquestionably of Japanese origin, and therefore has nothing to do with the North American species V2tis Jabrusca, further than its common affinity with other species of V2¢zs. On very good authority Vztes Thunbergi is recognised as distinct from Vztzs Cotgnetia. 80 TISYSENNHL SILIA A LIST OF PLANTS HARDY IN THE GARDEN AT CASTLEWELLAN CO. DOWN 19°03 ‘There is no art or occupation compar- able to planting. It is full of past, present, and future enjoyment.” Sir WALTER SCOTT. Abelia chinensis » Horibunda » Tupestris » serrata Aberia Caffra Abies amabilis » arizonica » balsamea hudsonica 5, bracteata >, concolor = » Lowiana a > violacea » urma » grandis » homolepis » magnifica » Mariesii » nobilis a » glauca » Nordmanniana », numidica », pectinata » Pinsapo » sachalinensis » sibirica 5, Veitchii », Webbiana Abietia Douglasii 9 35 Stairii 5 re glauca Abutilon vitifolium purpureum oP] 29 Acacia calamifolia » decurrens » erioides Acacia floribunda lunata melanoxylon pinifolia saligna undulata Acaena sorbifolia Acanthopanax ricinifolium Acanthus mollis latifolius Aciphylla Colensoi 29 squarrosa Acer argutum campestre Canadian, in varieties circinatum crataegifolium dasycarpum distylum japonicum i aureum ~ dissectum M 538, Veitch, not yet named Hooketri Negundo argenteo- variegatum oi aureo-varie- gatum oblongifolium Okushinium opulifolium palmatum 5, atropurpureum », Crippsii », dissectum 83 Acer palmatum involutum ” ” palmati- fidum » ribesifolium » pennsylvanicum (striatum) » pictum » platanoides ” ” dissectum ” 4 Schwedlerii » Psuedo-platanus Prinz Handjeri 3 » variegatum », rufinerve » saccharinum ,, trifidum (trinerve) » Vvillosum Acmena (Eugenia) ovata Acorus gramineus variegatus Actinidia argentea ss Kolomikta 5 volubilis Adenocarpus decorticans ‘Egle sepiaria Esculus arguta 5 Hippocastanum a rubicunda ° ‘s Briotii Agapanthus umbellathus Agapetes buxifolia = obovata Ailanthus glandulosa Aira (Festuca) cespitosa Akebia quinata Alnus glutinosa oo 29 Alnus glutinosa laciniata Aloysia citriodora Althea (Hibiscus) syriacus Amelanchier canadensis 5 , floribunda 45 vulgaris san- guinea Amicia Zygomeris Amorpha canescens — fruticosa Ampelopsis quinquefolia a japonica $5 » Hoggii % » striata s tricuspidata _ », purpurea Amphiraphis (Microglossa) albescens Amygdalus persica magnifica . », purpurea Anemone Pulsatilla re » montana Anopterus glandulosus Anthericum variegatum Aphananthe aspera Aplopappus ericoides Aralia edulis (cordata) » heteromorpha » Spinosa 5 » canescens Araucaria imbricata Arbutus Menziesii si Unedo $6 Pe quercifolia 3 Ff Rollissonii Ardisia japonica Aristolochia altissima 5 Sipho Aristotelia Macqui ss » vVariegata is racemosa Artemisia alpina Artemisia anethifolia = Dracunculus + vulgaris Arum italicum Arundinaria agrestis “3 aristata 5 aurea striata me falcata ne Falconeri i Hindsii ig japonica zat nitida ‘3 nobilis 2s Simoni re tessellata Arundo conspicua » Donax versicolor Asarum europeeum Asimina triloba Aspidistra lurida variegata Astelia Banksii Astilbe japonica Astragalus Tragacantha Athrotaxis laxifolia “ selaginoides Atriplex Halimus vs Nuttallit Aucuba japonica limbata longifolia maculata re = mascula picta viridis 9 2? 29 as 2) 99 Azalea amcoena », balsamiaeflora » calendulacea », indica alba » mollis and varieties Azara dentata » Gilliesii 84 Azara integrifolia “4 49 variegata », microphylla Baccharis patagonica Bambusa aurea is auricoma 6 Boryana 5 Castillonis “ fastuosa in Fortunei is glauca - graminea re marmorea $s Metake re Nagashima +5 quadrangularis 53 Ragamowskii i ruscifolia Fe sterilis fn vittata argentea vulgaris i Benthamia (Cornus) fragifera Berberidopsis corallina Berberis Aquifolium Pr aristata - buxifolia ‘3 concinna is congestiflora re Darwinii . empetrifolia oF Fremontii os heteropoda 3 japonica si Jamesonii » nepalensis i Neubertii - pruinosa a reflexa $5 x stenophylla Fe Thunbergii 5 umbellata - vulgaris Berberis vulgaris purpurea ss Wallichiana Berchemia racemosa Betula alba : », purpurea » Bhojpattra (utilis) » Ermanii » foliis purpureis » lenta », Maximowiczii Bignonia speciosa Billardiera longiflora Biota. See Thuia Bocconia cordata Boehmeria nivea Boenninghausenia albiflora Borya ligustrina Brachychiton populneum Brachypodium pinnatum Brachysema subcordatum Broussonetia Kaempferi Bruckenthalia spiculifolia Bryanthus erectus Buddleia Colvillei _ globosa = Lindleyana paniculata crispa ‘ variabilis Bupleurum fruticosum Bursaria spinosa Bumelia tenax Buxus balearica ve 7" arborescens » sempervirens Handsworth- ensis Harlandi japonica aurea rotundifolia >? By bes a9 ot 22 2? 29 9? aurea Caesalpinia japonica Caesalpinia sepiaria Calceolaria Sinclairii ss violacea Callicarpa japonica Callistemon brachyandrus 5 coccineus “a Cunninghamii i rigidus Me speciosus Callitris calcarata Calluna vulgaris Alportii aurea a ra rigida Calophaca wolgarica Calycanthus floridus Pe , levigatus % occidentalis Camellias, in varieties Candollea tetrandra Canna indica, varieties Capparis spinosa Caragana aurantiaca - Chamlagu ‘5 frutescens Carex acuta variegata » Nana variegata » pendula Carmichaelia australis re flagelliformis Carpenteria californica Carpinus Betulus ss cordata 5 japonica Carya americana Caryopteris Mastacanthus Cassandra calyculata Cassia coquimbensis Cassinia fulvida » leptophylla + Verschaffeltii Cassiope tetragona Castanea sativa (vesca) 85 > 9 | Castanopsis chrysophylla Casuarina torulosa Catalpa bignonioides of Bungei Ceanothus americanus * azureus 35 cuneatus 5 divaricatus 55 Fendleri - “ Gloire de Versailles” pS spinosus Cedrela sinensis Cedronella triphylla Cedrus atlantica 3 re glauca a5 Deodara pe 5 alba spica e ie nivea » Libani Celastrus orbiculatus ss scandens Celsia cretica Celtis occidentalis » reticulata » sinensis Centaurea pulchra Cephalotaxus drupacea . Fortunei ‘i Fortunei mina Cerasus (Prunus) azorica 5 domestica flore pleno flowering foe- ie double French 45 lusitanica albo-mar- ginata 5 Padus 45 semperflorens Ceratostigma plumbag- inioides Cercidiphyllum japonicum Cercis canadensis > chinensis » siliquastrum Cercocarpus tenuifolius Cestrum aurantiacum 4 Parqui Chamecyparis. See Cupres- sus Chamerops humilis Chimonanthus fragrans Chionanthus virginicus Chironia dianthifolia Choisya ternata Cinnamomum sericeum Cistus ladaniferus Citrus japonica hey (gle) trifoliata Cladium mariscus Cladrastis amurensis = tinctoria Clematis campaniflora a coccinea a crispa “s Davidiana 3 Flammula 55 indivisa hybrid varieties re x Jackmannii a lanuginosa < lasiantha re montana aes tubulosa = Vitalba Pe Viticella Clerodendron foetidum + trichotomum Clethra acuminata e alnifolia oe » paniculata fe arborea canescens Cleyera japonica _ 3 variegata Cnicus conspicuus Colletia cruciata 3 horrida Colutea cruenta Comptonia asplenifolia Cneorum tricoccum Convallaria majalis Convolvulus althzoides 5 Cneorum Coprosma Cunninghamii 4 lucida Cordyline australis ss » purpurea 3 Banksii if indivisa oe » vera Coriaria japonica is myrtifolia a nepalensis Cornus brachypoda re florida 3 Kousa 53 macrophylla ee Mas 3 » aurea elegan- tissima » variegata i sibirica Spathii es sanguinea Corokia buddleioides 3 Cotoneaster Coronilla Emerus m glauca Correa alba » $peciosa Corydalis thalictrifolia Corylopsis spicata Corylus Avellana aurea ‘3 = purpurea % Colurna 86 Corynocarpus levigatus Corypha australis Cotoneaster affinis a bacillaris “ buxifolia congesta Hooker- lana 3 Franchetii i frigida ms horizontalis + lucida (sinensis) ‘ microphylla 5 pannosa r rotundifolia P, rupestris - Simonsii Fr thymifoha Crategus coccinea and varieties 35 cordata af filicifolia Pr Oxyacantha,double pink % Oxyacantha, Paul’s double scarlet » Oxyacantha semperflorens 5 pinnatifida ‘5 punctata i Pyracantha, yellow berried ‘ 5 Lalandii Cryptomeria japonica ” » elegans i », Lobbii 3 » $piralis Cunninghamia sinensis Cupressus arizonica 4 funebris glauca ” Lawsoniana alba spica 3 22> a2 9 92 ” Cupressus Lawsoniana Annes- leyana ” ” alba variegata Allumii amabilis argentea # », aureo- variegata Drum- mondii erecta 35 » erecta viridis erecta viri- dis alba filifera ee » Fraseri glauca pendula intertexta 5S » lutea nana pyramid- alis ar- gentea s a Silver Queen” versi- color as » Wisselii 3 macrocarpa Crippsii ‘ ‘6 lutea % nootkatensis », albo- variegata lutea 2? ” ted ” 2? 2”? 2? a9 ” 99 6 obtusa aurea, Crippsii densa Led 29 39 2? 2? 2 Cupressusobtusagracilisaurea 3 », laetevirens ” ” lycopo- dioides ss s, Sandersii <3 ,, tetragona aurea » pisifera albo-varie- gata ” 2 aurea filifera 5 aurea plumosa », argentea », aurea squarrosa stricta be thyoides aurea ericoides PP » leptoclada 55 torulosa Cydonia (Pyrus) Cathayensis » japonica fe Pe alba de Vranja Lescovacz Moerlezii 32 bP) ” 2? 2? 2? » Maulei » sinensis » vulgaris Cyrilla racemiflora Cytisus albus » biflorus a » elongatus major ‘5 capitatus 5 x Kewensis 6 monspessulanus 5 purgans a5 purpureus » Scoparius 87 Cytisus Scoparius Andreanus Daboecia polifolia fr se alba $5 3% bicolor Dacrydium cupressinum 4 Franklinii Damnacanthus indicus Daphne Blagayana 35 caucasica 55 Cneorum 3 Fioniana 5 Genkwa 5 Laureola 3 Mazelii re Mezereum Pe Pe alba Daphniphyllum glaucescens » » foliis variegatis 5 Jessoensis 3 macropodum foliis varie- gatis Decumaria barbara Deeringia celosioides var. Desfontainea spinosa 3 »» Hookerii Desmodium argenteum fi penduliflorum 5 tiliefolium Deutzia x candidissima flore pleno Ss crenata » gracilis i “Pride of Rochester ” 3 scabra Deyevxia elegans variegata Dianella cerulea Dicentra spectabilis Dicksonia antarctica Dictammus Fraxinella Dimorphanthus mandshu- ricus Diosma gracilis Diospyros Kaki 3 Mazelii i virginiana Diplopappus filicifolius Discaria Toumatou Dodonea viscosa Dracena Draco Drimys aromatica » Winteri Dyckia rariflora Edwardsia. See Sophora Ehretia acuminata Eleagnus angustifolia varie- gata is », aureo-mar- ginata % Fredricii 3 macrophylla re multiflora 5 oblongifolia 5 pungens Simoni Elymus arenarius Embothrium coccineum Empetrum nigrum Enkianthus campanulatus 4 japonicus Entelea arborescens 5 palmata Ephedra altissima o monostachya Epigaea repens Epigynum leucobotrys Epilobium angustifolium Epimedium alpinum 5 colchicum Ercilla volubilis Erica carnea is » alba » ciliaris Erica cinerea » Maweana ;, Mediterranea alba hibernica +” 33 9 +) » multiflora », pilosa 7 », alba » scoparia » Serlei » stricta » Tetralix » vagans Eriobotrya japonica Eryngium pandanifolium ies planum Erythrina Crista-galli Escallonia coquimbensis 3 x Langleyensis 35 macrantha fe = Ingrami 2 montevidensis 5 organensis 5 Philippiana s Pterocladon 5 pulverulenta a revoluta 25 rubra Eucalpytus alpina Pe bicolor 5 calophylla ss coccifera 5 cordata Pe cornigera re corymbosa a cosmophylla = gomphocephala me Gunnii rr Lieberiana 4 melliodora ee obliqua 5 pilularis 88 Eucalyptus piperita ss Polyanthemos » regnans 2 resinifera 5 rostrata 3 saligna . stellulata % Stuartiana 3 urnigera = viminalis Eucomis ulmoides Eucryphia cordifolia - pinnatifolia Eugenia apiculata 3 myriophylla e Ugni Eulalia japonica variegata 3 5 zebrina Euonymus europzus iF japonicus albo- marginata bs » albo-varie- gata aureo- variegata aureus crispus fimbriatus = », flavescens obovatus radicans variegatus = latifolius Eupatorium riparium Euphorbia Characias ee palustris Eupomatia laurina Eurybia. See Olearia Exochorda Albertii - grandiflora Fabiana imbricata Fabricia imbricata + 23 Fagus cliffortioides » sieboldii » sylvatica filicifolia pendula purpurea tricolor Led 2”? 22 23 32 3) Fatsia japonica 3 Pe variegata » papyrifera Fendlera rupicola Ferula communis Festuca glauca Ficus stipulata repens Fitzroya patagonica Fontanesia phillyreoides Forsythia Europea intermedia suspensa Pe viridissima Fothergilla alnifolia Fraxinus excelsior 22 > 9 9 pendula Pr 3 floribunda Mariesii Regelii 3% velutina Fremontia californica Fuchsia deflexa excorticata macrostemma (Ric- cartoni) ss tricolor Funkia japonica lancifolia albo-varie- gata ,, albo-marginata ,,aurea- ,, aureo-maculata ovata 3, Sieboldii Furcrea Bedinghausii 3? 2) 2) 22 29 Furcrea longeva Garrya elliptica fe 4s foemina fs macrophylla 1 x Thuretii Gaultheria Shallon Gaylussacia dumosa Fs frondosa Genista Etnensis Ardoinei aspalathoides ‘5 ferox Pe hispanica monosperma pilosa a radiata » Sagittalis tinctoria elatior . virgata Ginkgo biloba Gleditschia japonica triacanthos Glyptostrobus heterophyllus Goodia medicaginea (loti- folia) Gordonia Lasianthus Grevillea rosmarinifolia juniperina sul- phurea 22 Greyia Sutherlandi Griselinia litoralis lucida ‘ macrophylla Gunnera manicata a scabra Gymnocladus canadensis Gynerium (Cortaderia) argenteum (Cortaderia) ar- genteum foliis aurels 9 a pumila 89 Habrothamnus (Cestrum) elegans 3 x Newelli Hakea crassifolia 3 Halliana <5 laurina me leucoptera Pe suaveolens Halesia hispida 5 tetraptera Halimodendron argenteum Hamamelis arborea 5 mollis Hartogia capensis Hedera amurensis $3 Helix algeriensis angularis aurea », arborescens », aurea variegata baccifera lutea Caénwoodi- ensis conglomerata dentata emerald gem fructu rubro hibernica macrophylla maculata variegata Madeiriensis minima = » Regneriana Hedysarum multijugum Heimia. See Nesea Helianthemum rosmarini- folium Helleborus niger s orientalis Hemerocallis sp. 2? 9 Ped 22 Be) a9 99 2 Hemerocallis flava Heteromelis (Photinia) arbutifolia Heuchera sanguinea 5 » Sandersii Hibiscus heterophyllus eo syriacus Hippophae rhamnoides Hoheria populnea Hovenia dulcis Humulus Lupulus Hydrangea arborescens hortengis japonica tricolor Mandshu- rica Otaksa ramis pictis stellata stellata fimbriata “Thomas Hogg ” varie- gata 5 » volubilis 5 paniculata grandiflora - pekinensis i quercifolia Hymenanthera crassifolia 5 latifolia Hypericum Androsemum 5 aureum “i balearicum $5 calycinum 5 Coris $3 densiflorum a kalmianum ss x Moserianum x) ” Hypericum x Moserianum tricolor 34 nummularioides . olympicum as oblongifolium 3 patulum 55 prolificum ‘5 pyramidatum Iberis sempervirens Idesia polycarpa lex Aquifolium aureo-maculata ,», -marginata camellizfolia foliis argenteis ferox § fructo luteo Hodginsii insignis Lawsoniana Regina a9 o> 2? ) » crenata > cornuta », latifolia », Opaca » serrata 5, vomitoria Illicium religiosum Incarvillea Delavayii 5 Emodi Indigofera decora alba “s Gerardiana = alba %) Iris Pseudacorus variegata Itea virginica Jaborosa integrifolia Jambosa (Eugenia) australis Jamesia americana Jasminum angulare s humile Pe nudiflorum go Jasminum officinale a fe aurea 4 primulinum fe revolutum Juglans regia 4 », laciniata Juncus effusus spiralis - glaucus Juniperus bermudiana 5S chinensis aurea 3 ss albo- variegata a communis ae ,, hibernica 43 » suecica ae drupacea - excelsa stricta a japonica aurea C littoralis i recurva 5 Sabina erecta 3 » Knap Hill var. is virginiana glauca 3 Ks alba FP » Spica 35 » tripartita Kadsura japonica re As variegata Kalmia latifolia a 3 formosa Kerria japonica Koelreuteria paniculata Laburnum vulgare 6 » aureum Lagerstreemia indica » » alba Lapageria alba ” rosea Laricopsis Kaempferi Larix europea pendula ”? 2? Larix Griffithii » leptolepis Lardizabala biternata Lathyrus splendens Laurelia aromatica Laurus borbonica as canariensis 5 magellanica » nobilis is » salicifolia » See Prunus Lauro- cerasus Lavatera Olbia Lavendula Spica Ledum palustre Leiophyllum buxifolium Lembotropis sessilifolius Leptospermum bullatum “5 levigatum 5 stellatum Leptosyne maritima Lespedeza bicolor . cyrtobotrya Leucopogon Richei Leucothoe axillaris Be Catesbei 3 Davisii ~ recurva Leycesteria formosa Libertia ixioides Libocedrus chilensis a Pe viridis ‘ decurrens a Doniana Ligustrum coriaceum “Gloire de Bor- deaux ” Ibota japonicum lucidum ,», varlegatum macrophyllum Ligustrum macrophyllum variegatum a ovalifolium ‘3 Quihoui 4 sinense nanum 5s strongylophyllum 5 vulgare albo- marginatum pendulum 53 ;, tricolor Limonia Laureola Limoniastrum artculatum Lindera obtusiloba “ sericea Linum arboreum Liquidambar styraciflua Liriodendron tulipifera 9 », Vvariegata Lithospermum prostratum Lobelia laxiflora Lomatia elegantissima 6 filicifolia Ss pinnatifolia Lonicera alpigena e aureo-reticulata ae fragrantissima 33 grata bs Halliana - Hildebrandiana Fe implexa “a involucrata e Periclymenum 3 sempervirens 3 Sullivantii Loropetalum chinense Luzula nivea », pediformis Luzuriaga erecta Lycium pallidum Lyonia paniculata Maakea. See Cladrastis Macadamia ternifolia QI ” 2? Maclura aurantiaca Magnolia acuminata Campbellii compressa conspicua fuscata grandiflora hypoleuca parviflora x Soulangeana % stellata or tripetala Mallotus japonica Mandevilla suaveolens Marlea platanifolia Maytenus chilensis Megasea ciliata Melia Azedarach Melianthus major Meliosma myriantha as pungens Menispermum canadense Metrosideros floribunda 29 “5 robusta Miscanthus sinensis 53 Ogi Mitraria coccinea Morina longifolia Morus alba » higra Muhlenbeckia complexa nana Musa Basjoo Mutisia Clematis Myosotidium nobile Myoporum sp. Myrica asplenifolia californica cerifera » Gale Myricaria germanica Myrsine australis 5 ilicifolia 3” am Myrsiphyllum asparagoides Myrtus communis mn “Jenny Reichen- bach ” Nandina domestica 5 »» purpurea os domestica mons- trosa variegata Neillia opulifolia lutea » thyrsiflora Nemopanthus canadensis Nephrodium Thelypteris Nesza salicifolia Neviusia alabamensis Nitraria Schoberi Nuttallia cerasiformis Nyssa sylvatica Olea europza », buxifolia Olearia argophylla » dentata re Fosterii re gummifera 5 Gunnii Haastii », llicifolia Pe macrodonta * myrsinioides (eru- bescens) 3 nitida $3 nummularifolia Onoclea sensibilis Ononis aragonensis » arvensis » fruticosa Ormus. See Fraxinus Osmanthus ilicifolius argen- teo-variegatus aureo-varie- gatus fragrans purpureus 33 ”? 2? ? ? ” Osmanthus ilicifolius myrti- folius bs », rotundifolius Osteomeles anthyllidifolia Ostrowskia magnifica Ostrya carpinifolia Oxydendron arboreum Oxylobium callistachya Ozothamnus rosmarinifolius Peonia Moutan Paliurus aculeatus Parrotia persica Passiflora caerulea “« Constance Elliott” Pattersonia longiscapa Pavia macrostachya 2? o> 5 5 rubra Pentstemon antirrhinoides (cordifolius) 5 Lobbii Peraphyllum ramosissimum Periploca greca Pernettya mucronata angus- tifolia a angustifolia alba atro-coccinea atro-coccinea microphylla atro-lilacina atro-pur- purea atro-rosea atro-san- guinea carnea elegans lilacina macrocarpa nigra purpurea rosea 39 EP a2 > 2? bed Pernettya angustifolia san- guinea Petasites vulgaris Peumus Boldus Philadelphus x Avalanche 55 coronarius ‘ ,, flore pleno 3 grandiflorus 5 x Lemoinei ‘3 microphyllus 3 Satsumi(Yoko- hama) Philesia buxifolia Phillyrea angustifolia “ decora (Vilmori- niana) 35 media Philodendron amurense Phlomis fructicosa fF Herba-venti 34 viscosa Phlox stellaria Phormium tenax 5 » variegatum 7 », atropur- pureum Photinia Benthamiana 3 serrulata Phygelius capensis Phyllostachys bambusoides <5 Henonis Pe heterocycla 7 Marliacea 4 mitis A nana 5 nigra 99 sulphurea 3 violescens 43 viridi-glau- cescens Physianthus albens Picea ajanensis Picea alba aurea » Alcockiana 29 ” » excelsa acicularis monstrosa Clanbrassiliana ” » Remontii » Englemanni » Glehni » Nigra » Omorika » orientalis ”? 2? ” 9 ” ” aurea » (Abies) Pindrow » pungens argentea glauca ” ” Koster i » polita », sitchensis ” 3 glauca » smithiana Pieris floribunda » formosa » Japonica Pinus aristata (Balfouriana) » Ayacahuite > Cembra » cembrioides » Coulteri » insignis (radiata) » Lambertiana » Laricio 53 » austriaca es », leucodermis » Montezume > montana » monticola » palustris » parviflora » ponderosa rr 3 Jeffreyi » Sabiniana Pinus Strobus ” » nana » sylvestris ” > aurea % » globosanana » tuberculata Piptanthus nepalensis Pistacia x Cappadocica Pittosporum Buchanani a Colensoii 3 coriaceum Pe crassifolium ss Erioloma x eugenioides a » Variegatum a floribundum 55 lucidum 45 macrophyllum variegatum 3 Mayii 7 nigrescens a Ralphii me rhombifolium aA rigidum 3 sp. <5 Tobira ss » variegata PF undulatum Plagianthus betulinus 5 Lyallii Planera. See Zelkowa Platanus occidentalis a3 es laciniata oe orientalis Platycarya strobilacea Plumbago capensis. See Ceratostigma Podocarpus chilinus elongatus Podophyllum Emodi Polygala Chamaebuxus Polygonatum multiflorum 93 Polygonum cuspidatum + multiflorum 33 sachalinense *s sp. from Simla Populus alba macrophylla 2? ” ” aurea 5 » nivea ‘5 aurea = candicans ie deltoidea 5 fastigiata 5 nigra Pourthiza villosa Prinos glabra Prumnopitys elegans Prunus americana os Besseyi Pa Cerasus a cerasifera atropur- purea (Pisardi) communis and varieties > domestica and varieties 5 erythrocarpa ilicifolia 5 Laurocerasus 5 », camellizfolia 3 », caucasica colchica 3 ,, latifolia 6 » rotundifolia - lusitanica myrtifolia ye 35 variegata » sinensis flore pleno e spinosa us triloba ss Watsoni Psoralea glandulosa Ptelea Baldwinii » trifoliata ted 22 tela trifoliata aurea Pterocarya caucasica 5 stenoptera Punica Granatum flore pleno nana ” a2 Puya chilensis » (Pitcairnia) cerulea Pyrus arbutifolia » Aucuparia n - fructo-luteo » baccata » betulefolia » coronaria » erythrocarpa » higra » punctata » Sorbus », thianschanica Quercus acuta er bambusefolia 35 Cerris ra » tfulhamensis re coccinea a cuspidata 3 dentata (Daimio) 5 glabra 3 Tlex i marmorata 3 microphylla 3 Mirbeckii Pe palustris 2 pedunculata ‘ », Concordia a a fastigiata o Robur be rubra . salicina a serrata a Suber 3 tinctoria Raphiolepis indica Raphiolepis ovata Reineckia carnea Restio subverticillatus Retinispora. See Cupressus Rhamnus Alaternus 3 », variegatus 3 ,, angustifolius variegatus ss californica 59 crenata es crocea ‘3 Frangula 2 » asplenifolia = imeritina Rhaphithamnus cyanocarpus Rhaponticum. See Centaurea Rheum officinale Rhodomyrtus tomentosa Rhododendron afghanicum $5 arboreum 2? ” Camp- belliae ‘9 campanula- tum ‘3 campylo- carpum i catawbiense ‘ caucasicum ciliatum i Cunning- hamii - dahuricum = ferrugineum - fulgens - halense e hirsutum s hybrids, in varieties S Ischonoskii 5% x Kewense 5 multiflorum is myrtifolium 94 Rhododendron niveum a x Nobleanum iA ponticum »” ” and varieties 7 Smithii aureum re Thomsoni Rhodora canadensis Rhodotypus kerrioides Rhus aromatica » Cotinus » cotinoides » glabra laciniata » juglandifolia » laurina », Osbeckii », punjabensis » semialata » succedanea » Loxicodendron » typhina » vernicifera Ribes alpinum » Chiliense (villosum) » lacustre » sanguineum 55 ra albidum » Speciosum Robinia hispida ms » inermis 5 neomexicana 55 Pseudacacia Bes- soniana Pr », Decaisneana as » Kelseyi Rodgersia podophylla Rosa californica » levigata » lucida >> moschata », multiflora (polyantha) Rosa rubifolia », Tubiginosa » rubrifolia » Tugosa » sericea » sinica anemoniflora » Wichuriana Rosmarinus officinalis Rubus australis » japonicus ” ‘5 tricolor 33 laciniatus i lasciocarpa » lasiostylus - odoratus 53 palmatus 6 Pheenicolasius » wlmifolius flore pleno 3 53 variegatus Ruscus aculeatus » Tacemosus Ruta graveolens Salisburia. See Ginkgo Salix alba % », regalis + » Vitellina 5, americana pendula », aurea ,, babylonica annularis % 3 pendula » Britzii » Caprea re » pendula 5 coccinea » Janata » lutescens » violacea Salvia officinalis oe patens Sambucus nigra Pr » argentea variegata Sambucus nigra aurea glauca + » heterophylla 5 racemosa 5 » serratifolia Santolina Chamzcyparissus ” 7 viridis Sarcococca Hookeriana Sarcobatus Maximilianii Sassafras officinale Saxegothza conspicua Saxifraga peltata Schizophragma hydrange- oides Schizandra chinensis Schinus dependens 3 Molle Sciadopitys verticillata Scirpus Holoschenus Sedum Fabiana Senecio compactus » elaeagnifolius » Forsteri 3 «| ateyil » japonicus » laxifolius 5, Petasites » rotundifolius Sequoia sempervirens “ » alba spica » Wellingtonia i 3 variegata Serissa foetida Shepherdia argentea Shortia galacifolia Simmondsia californica Sisyrinchium striatum Skimmia Fortunei 3 japonica $5 Laureola Smilax aspera 5 latifolia 95 29 2 Solanum crispum ij jasminoides Sollya heterophylla Sophora japonica pendula » microphylla i tetraptera grandi- flora Spartium junceum Spirea Aitchisoni ;, ariefolia » Aruncus » Bumaldii var. A. Waterer », callosa alba 5 » atro-purpurea », cantonensis » confusa » Douglasii » Filipendula » Freebellii variegata ,» Lindleyana » macrophylla » Margaritz » monogyna » x Nobleana » palmata » rotundifolia alba (bracteata) » sorbifolia » Thunbergii of tomentosa » trilobata » vaccinifolia » Van Houtteii a venusta Stachys lanata Stachyurus pracox Staphylea colchica Statice latifolia Stauntonia hexaphylla Stephanandra flexuosa 2 22 Stephanandra Tanakae Stuartia pentagyne Pseudo-camellia 4s virginica Styrax californicum 53 japonicum 5 Obassia ay serrulatum Symphoricarpus orbiculatus foliis variegatis x8 racemosus Symplocos cratcegoides 5 tinctoria Syringa Emodi variegata Josikea persica 33 ‘3 » alba vulgaris Charles X. Dr. Lindley rubra 2? a9 2 2? 2? Led 5 villosa Tamarix gallica Odessana Pallasii rosea rn tetrandra Taxodium distichum pendulum ae > 2? 9 Taxus baccata Dovastonil elegantissima fastigiata ae 39 3? ; aureo-varie- gata ” » tructo luteo Tecoma australis grandiflora jasminoides » radicans Telekia speciosa Teucrium aureum 9 29 Teucrium fruticans 55 ie latifolium Thalictrum adiantifolium Thea assamica >» bohea Thibaudia acuminata Thladiantha dubia Thuia dolabrata 39 27 » gigantea variegata atrovirens - - aurea japonica (Standishii) » occidentalis lutea Ellwangeriana aurea. 99 > 22 > 33 22 Spathii 5 », Wervaeneana orientalis » aurea elegantissima Fortunei semperaures- cens us » Zuccarimana Thymus lanuginosus Tilia americana glabra » argentea » europea Torreya californica Trachycarpus excelsus Tricuspidaria hexapetala Tristania conferta Tritoma (Kniphofia) aloides glaucesens grandiflora “LaGrande” » laxiflora “La Perle” nobilis 4 » Tubens 2? at (Kniphofia) | san- guinea robusta “ Sceptre d’or 399 5 » spectabilis glaucescens grandis » laxiflora sarmentosa Saundersii » uvaria (aloides) Tropeolum pentaphyllum 5 polyphyllum speciosum a tricolorum re tuberosum Tsuga Albertiana » Brunoniana » canadensis » diversifolia » Mertensiana re » Hookeriana Ulmus campestris » glabra pendula 5s ,, Huntingdoniensis 55 montana ,, Dampierii aurea » parviflora Tritoma 2? 39 29 +5 cs pendula » Wan Houttei aurea Ulex europza flore-pleno Umbellularia californica Urtica. See Boehmeria Vaccinium corymbosum re Myrtillus 3 ovatum 5 pennsylvanicum Vellozia elegans Verbascum olympicum Veronica x Andersonii variegata a 39 Veronica anomala B Canterburyana 5 chathamica i decumbens FF elliptica 5 Haastii 5 Hectori 3 Hulkeana a Lyalli 3 macrocarpa 9 parviflora ‘3 salicifolia 5 selaginoides +o Traversii Viburnum Carlesii 5 cassinioides PP Holense 5 Ischonoski ‘a Lantana is macrocephalum $5 nudum ad odoratissimum rf Opulus ne plicatum 44 Smithii aureum 5 Tinus is », Variegata 5) tomentosum Mariesii Astilbe Davidii BuddleiavariabilisVeitchiana Callitris cupressoides Cerasus lusitanica variegata Cliftonia ligustrina Davidia involucrata Deutzia Corymbiflora ay gracilis aurea ee Kalmieflora os robusta Dimorphanthus Mandschuri- cus foliis variegatis Vinca major 55 » variegata Virgilia. See Cladrastis Viscum album Visnea mocanera Vitex Agnus-castus » litoralis Vitis Coignetiz » Davidiana », flexuosa major » heterophylla variegata » himalayana » humulifolia » hypoglauca » Labrusca »» persica » purpurea » Tiparia », Romaneti » rugosa » sp. from Mr. Murray » $Sp. white underleaf , Lhunbergii » vinifera Wellingtonia. See Sequoia Weigela (Diervilla) amabilis » ‘rosea “Eva Rathke” 2? ”? ADDENDA Disanthus cercidifolia Gerbera Jamesonii Glyceria spectabilis foliis variegatis Gordonia Lasianthus Illicium Henryi Ligustrum strongylophyllum Melia Japonica Miscanthus nepalensis Myrsine semiserrata Olearia insignis 97 Weigela rosea hortensis nivea Looymansii aurea ss » ° President Duchartre” Weinmannia racemosa Westringia rosmariniformis. Widdringtonia Whytei Wistaria multijuga rr sinensis Witsenia corymbosa Xanthoceras sorbifolia Xanthorhiza apiifolia Yucca aloifolia variegata » arborescens » baccata 2? a> » €elata » filamentosa » Hexilis » loriosa » recurva » Lreculeana », Whipplei Zanthoxylum sp. Boehmer Zauschneria californica Zelkowa acuminata a crenata Zenobia pulverulenta Philadelphus Falconeri “s Mont Blanc Pe Perle blanche Pomaderris Argentea Populus Wobsii Prunus puddum Quillaja saponaria Sterculia platanifolia Ugnadia speciosa Weigelia Mont Blanc Zanthoxylum Bungei * on aol! ma * ae sa et ew = sate ra v3 nee mets ne SSR slayer “5 lay 9p oe Aa rete zs Seat pa Stasei seat maul aby ba tes ep en lg Int Nat NSH BEMERRY NAR oh alee pon Syn ij MRS wt i 23334 eres HN int in Wi att Hae nm Aig Ww \ AQ y See sere CaN Shh mae . it attests ae eat Route Mater ‘a fe “, aie th Wirt ‘ ts AAAS aA VARMA Oni i eae ment aa ease Hpk He eae ett ia oh ( uy AWW